Left without a choiceBarriers to reproductive health in Indonesia
Index: 21/013/2010 Amnesty International November 2010
CONTENTS
Glossary.......................................................................................................................6
In English.................................................................................................................6
In Indonesian............................................................................................................7
Map of Indonesia..........................................................................................................8
1. INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY...............................................................................9
1.1 Methodology and acknowledgement.....................................................................11
2. GENDER STEREOTYPING AND ITS CONSEQUENCES................................................15
2.1 Women’s roles defined through marriage and childbearing.....................................15
2.2 Attitudes towards female sexuality.......................................................................17
2.3 Victims of sexual violence...................................................................................19
2.4 Criminalization of private behaviours....................................................................20
3. BARRIERS TO REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH..................................................................23
3.1 Discrimination against unmarried women and girls................................................23
3.2 Unmarried victims of sexual abuse......................................................................26
3.3 Restrictions on married women’s and girls’ reproductive choices.............................27
3.4 Other impediments to sexual and reproductive rights.............................................30
4. UNSAFE ABORTIONS AND THE THREAT OF CRIMINALIZATION................................33
4.1 Unknown legal exceptions..................................................................................33
4.2 The criminalization of abortion and its consequences............................................36
5. THE CASE-STUDY OF DOMESTIC WORKERS AS A VULNERABLE GROUP...................39
5.1 Impact of the failure to protect workers’ sexual and reproductive rights...................40