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tSs~WfAU C, * WO 2 155
SNA'IONAJ.AERONAUTICS
NE AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION TELS w- 2-4 355
N -WASH NGtONp.C. 20546 VW03-6925
-E~EE . 7 -2
. FOR.. RELEASE: TUESDAY P M. 9M
1,1970.
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DEL'LAUNCH*VEHICLE-- . , -,4
.RSGPRTOA A
. ,ES
*- US .> OFIPOE
T.-I.ROS-M POJECT TEAM- ----------------------------------- 2 2
*- 1/7/70 A'.
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*.NATii~ti*L .PER6:UTi'CS, AND PA& ADMINISTATION -(202) 962-i55
EWAS TES: (202) 963-69.5
.
NEW TIROSSERIES LAJNCH .
... . .. .N.r
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grade) to. the Equator and will circle the Earth'every 115 ' ,
,for photography.
tage. . .
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None of' this- was, possihle wvithl peouoeational
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b3atelli~te., 'They.are:,
across. -
each, two APT cameras in one and two Advanced Vidicon Cameras
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--
The radiometer data will also be taped on the space-
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The -two daytime cameras, APT anrd AVCS, vith a picture
two miles during the day and four miles at night, will
operate'for 71.minutes of each orbit.
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' to. ESSA shortly, after they have'been launched and checked
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weather pictures.
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TIROS
In addition to contributing to meteorology,
valuable in ice
and ESSA satellites have been extremely
aid to navigators.
Huntingtonr
tie Delta booster is the McDonnell Douglas Corp.,
Beach, Calif.
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The Australis OSCAR-A piggyback satellite was
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j.
.. ......
*
. ,
Mission Objectives: .
Launch Ihformation:'
Date
. 'No earlier than January 15, 1970
power.
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Iran.,
Tracking:'
Lauu.ch Vehicle:
Prime Contractors..
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14ft, a:=#2jW
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THE SPACECRAFT
/
Dynamics'Control Subsystem
Four major dynamics control.devices are incorporated in
the spacecraft: a.quarter-orbit magnetic-attitude control.
(QOMAC) coil, a magnetic bias control (MBC) ooil, a pitch
control lodp.(two devices operate by establishing magnetic
'fields which interact with the magnetic field-of the Earth
to produce a torque on the',pacec'raft. The torque, in turn,
causes the spacecrafttO. preces's or change it.s orbital path
slightly to the west each day.
' 'The QOMAC system is used to postition the spin ax-is
(pitch axis) of the spacecraft so that it will be perpendicular
to the plane of the orbit. The MBC coil is use& to.reduce the
residual magnetic dipoie moment of the spacecraft and retain
the necessary dipole'moment to precess the spacecraft approx-
imately one degree per day. for"'the required Sun-synchronism.
The pitch control loop consists of a momentnm flywheel,
a flywheel drive motor,. a.scanning mirror, pitch and roll.
sensors, two momdentum coils,, and associated electronics'. AThe
flywheel, operating in the mission mode at a nominal spped
of 150 rpm,.provides gyroscopic stiffness to 'the spacecraft
and serves as a source'and sink of pitch momentum. Trhough
'the action of the pitch control loop, the' spacecraft sensors
are continuously' maintained in alignment with the 'Localver"
tical. The mome-tum coils provide fine-wheelspeed momentum
Control about the spacecraft pitch axis.
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TIROS M CONFIGURATION
ACTIVE THERMAL
ZONTROLLER FLAPS
SOLAR
SEPARATION APT. REAL-TIME
RING -PANEL CAMERAS ANTENNA
MOMENTUM FLY W}IEEL /
SOLAR , li
PROTONj A ' I\
-O . ' .SOLAR -
1* 1
-5 MEL
".
*A -t
AtCS~~'I. t;.RA
SLSOLAR PANEL
-' 7~llTO
FLAT-PLATE ,4/9' ,A
PAhEE C -j . \ SENS.
TERJPATRYMtNAt STUATO.R
-TH1ERMAL-Fh8CE
^ ;O/M)Oi;
M AND OUTRND N V.
RADIOMETERS SuBANDv*
ISENSOR
RADIMETE .~DltA
ill~ .'BEACON
ANTFENNA
AVCS ASACQU 1SITION'
AYCS~. )~..'
'!.AS
SOLAR .DIGITAL
S-BAND ANTENNA
PANELSOLAR ASPEC T
PANEL INDICATOR
NA5A SA 68-437
12-6-67
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a P cr a .
.43
,m Oa potJo.o h
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'
Th's desig'n compensates for the reduc't-ion in spacecrat
Sun. angle.
,electrlcal.power level caused by, the increasing
*.......
.,.*,.*,. ............ ..............
....
...... .....
......
;,.,,...................................................... -.S,.
.......... ,
.
Accelebromete.r Subsyste,
servo'-type.' .
Tne accelerom ter subsystem onsis ts of twc.
measurements
accelepomleters and-a contro. lunit.. I't provi.dze5 the.'Iaun' .
*o the g-ievels'nduced fn-l the spicecraft.'during
unch sep'aratio~n. Th'es ;
maneuver, from" liftof , to.'spac'c rrafb/ .thebeacolo Ilnk-'
dat& are transmfitted to the ground. statioyi
in each, of
The accelerations are sensed'iriyonly-one '.rectlof tii-te 'of-measureent,, ;
two. axs.. :It is anticipated that .the
.d
spacecr ft. .
may be alternate'di on s'uceeding'ITOS'
a.. .. . ',*
high, resolution .
. he AVCS takes a series o~f wide-angle,
cl~ud .cover,'tore .
.telev:stn p.icturesof'the Earth-and.4fts
these 'pictures on:one. -of two 3atel-et'borne-tape recorders,
station,,, ,
and, on commnandtransmits the v- de6 .signal.t'o. ground
a .
'w5icture-taking operatiiohs 'f the' AVCS' are conftrolled'iby;
a
by
Drogram of Instructions tratnsmitPed'to 'te6:.satelliate
'Command and Data AcqUiisi %ion'dbA) sta'tion.
. 2
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' A ~~ .- .~
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overlap in
This displacement proiduces a slight lateral In-'
The. amount .'of lateral overlap.
. ov-erage at the quato.r.,lat Ltude'.
'.cieas's with increa.sing ,.- . bi ,:a.. ..
The
,.rbital
The overlap .of-sicces~siveiiotures$-along 'therate and i5
of.the fixed pic'ture,,aking
;track'is a function
abput,' 50: 'percent . ;,
Automatic Picture .Transmis
- O A.PT) ca'era Subsystem
AVCS cameza'subsystem,,.
'he.APT, camera subsystem;, like the 'of -the Earth
pictuires
is used-to take up to 1 wjide-angle TV of the satel-
cloud cbver'during the.daylight portion
.and its the .APT and
lite orbit. However, a taAc ddiffergnce'betweeh1 always trans-
*subsystem
AVCS camera. subsystem is that the APT being tak~en
t television data directly as the picturesare
,' its records the"
real time). whereas the AVCS subsystemn
n(i- normally
'
.. . . . .
TV..pibtures for i4ater playback.. . .
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N WA
durIng each. Qorit
The sequence is repeated'automatically Is turned off or
of the satellite untiI the command subsystem
pro~grammed otherwise by. a CA statin. -
vidicon.that.
The 'APT camera emp].oys a.htg--Ders..stencv
tiage.. Use of this vidcon per-
.'providesa-600x800scan-line signal which, in
mits narrow band transmission of' the vi'deo equipment at the''
turn, allows the use' of relatively simple
APT, field stations.
.Scanning.Radiometer Subsystem
infrared subsystem,
The scanning,' adioneter (SR), OIEarth
the during orbit day. and
measures. emintted radiation. from Earth during .
*night and measures reflected radiatilon from inthe 'real time to
daytime. ,The data. obtaited' ,is..transrnit'ted
playback
Qocal user stations and is also-recorded for.later
tosthe CDA stations'. Daytime resolution.is 2 mi'es 'and ,4
-
at nighttime. '
* ,miles
r
w t
instrument
The scanning.radimeter,a meteorological is unique in
built especially for use on the ITOS satellite
.
resolu-
spatial
sensing two spectral re'gions and in its high
radiation from tIle
tion. The radiometer measures reflected
durincr
Earth.Inthe 0.52- to 0.73- Icron region (visible) the 10.5- to'
daytime.ardeniitted radiation from the Earth'innight.
and
.12.,5- micron-iregion (infrared) during day
surface tem-
*The subsystem permlts determination of the by the radio-
6or
peratures of ground, sea, cloud tops viewed
meter. Sr.nsitivity in the 10.5- to 12.5- m'cron'spectral re-gion
in daylight as
'permits surface temperatures to be determined in thiswave-
we~ll as at night',.since.reflected solar. radiation
.. radiance.. The
*length region is small compared with.emitted has a higher
radia.tior,
visible measurement of reflected solartelevision
ac.curacy capability'than camera systems
calibrati~on which occurs in
presently in use and is not subjectto shading
*
.the vidicon camera systemls.
a
The SR subsystem consists of. two scanning radiometers, (SE
recorders
dual SR processor and two scanning radiometer
recorders).
on or
Each radiometer and tape recorder can be turned the SR pro-
Each haltr of
off by commend from. a CDA station. powered when"
and is
*cessor is associated with one radiometer are mouinted on
that radiometer is powered. The radiometers
to provide them with
the satellite structure in a manner of approximately
maximum sun shielding and to permit a scan
,150 degrees without obstruction.
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Envirotnmental Sensor D es
.tecoridary
:
for
vert these measurerent'. to a,f oating point binary c'ode
recording and subsequ'eit pla;yback and'tr,:nsmission to ground ,
stations. The SPM equipmeht oi,,t stellite conssts ofa-
sensor 'assembly, anJ.electronics ''assemb, and .a'nelectrl'eal
.harnesS. -
'f .'olar,
The solar proton monitor, will provide warnings High
o.roton storins, which are cu'rrentty used in sever'al.ways. space-.
altttude users,.such as supersonic transports and mnanned
on the
crart- make, provisions for-the proteestioh of.personnel
*bas~s oXfthis- data.
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to By knowiing, the- sola;r tPut-(belleved to be a constait)O.
tothe Eatith, the a~ount~ of' heat absorbed by- tbe"£artih m!ay
of theFPE proqgram objecie ~t
ted~etermtfed;' One
de termiine th6 long-term 'hea c thus determ'tning.
%ags.,
-.whet er 'the Earh isgtt-g warmer.o olr
P,-osedi a sig-enis~ of h~oneycomb
.- *-
* .h
in~eaft
material, dndludez the four' sensors, 'electronics,;and
iofi bone pirr,
or, ea Iibr atf o'f' ensos
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Proton Mcnitor.
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Radiometer provides
The ihfrare~d Cchannel of' the Scanningin clear air, or, at
the sur'ace
'temperat;ure measuremqents at
,ts signals can-be fed.into 'a computer
the tQpS :of'clods. into& loud top he ights
to cdnvert the cloud 'top temperatures Satellite pinctures
ard to prepre a map o'f cl'ud-top',topopgraphy.
winds, especially for regions
are frequently used' to'estimate by measuring
where' little upper-air informa-tionlis..available, pictures of;
.Cloud in succesive.satellite
otheotin
difficult or impossible to
. the':samearea. 'It'.s frequeltly
t6ps;frbom the satellite photo-:
determine the height of'cloud
cases. the, altitude of the,,derived
' graphs alone, and 'in these
on the -tepmperature., and by,
wirid'is kdoubtf'l. JInf6rmRtion
tops wi-l eliminate this
inference the height, of. cloud, with better inrormatlon
diffic -tY, and provide jmeteorologists
the atmosphere...
on wind at various levels' of'
dditi~onfl the 'radiometers will.ptovid6 surface ,
computat-.:on of atmospheric
.Ir.
7.
DELTA LAUNCH VEHICLE
:00
(First Stage Thrust pounds (includes
solids.)
(a'erage):,
Thor,.Produced
Fir'ta (Liquid Only)i. Modif.ie~d Air Force Division o. ,
engines by Rocketdyne
by 0 onnelY-lDougla6.Corp.;
0
North;American Rockwell. .
Height: 75 feet
Diameter': 8 feet
RP- kerosene for the fuel and
.'Propellants:
?rpe~an$ juid oxygen (LOX) f6r the'
. ' ' , 'oxidizer.'
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Diameter: 31 'inches ,
Propellants: Solid - -.
+ time:-
'Burning -40 sec. (Castor)- ,
:' , ~39 see. (Castdr-ii) ,: ,,
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TIROS-M.PROJECT TEAM
NASA HEADQUARTERS
Dr. John E.Naugie , Associate Administrator for Space
'Science and Applicat.ions
Dr.'Jodhn M..DeNoyer Director, Earth Observations Programs
Michael L. Garbacz. Program Mahager, .Operational
Meteorological Satellites,
..Joseph B. Mahon . Director, Launch Vehicle and
, xPropulsion Programs '
T...Gillam.. Delta-Program Manager,
INDUSTRY
E. W. Bonnett Delta Project Manager,.
McDonnell Douglas Corp.
McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Ct.
Huntington Beach, Calif.
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COMPANY * ., RESPONSIBILITY.
Santa.5arbara, Califf.
Teledyne S-Band transmitters,
Subcarrier bscillators .
,- Telemetry commut,,ators ., . '-
RCA Beacon'transmitters
Camden, N. J.
Gulton . . DC-DC'converters . /
aircYl.ld-Hiller
d Integrated CircIlits ' .. ,
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