1387 Ãﺎﻣ{Y{ﺮﻣ ﻢﺘﺸﻫ ½ﺎﺴﻛ ﺪﻴﻫﺎﻧ گﻼﺑÁ

!½ﻮﻋﺮﻓ Á «ﮓـﻨﻫﺮﻓ»

ﺔﻨﻴﻣ ﻆﻔﺣ ÕYﺮﺑ ﻊﻗYÁ { ﻰﻋﺎﻓ{ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ﻪﺘﺒﻟY .Ã{ﺮﻛ ¹ﺎﻴﻗ ÕYﻪﺘﺴﻫ sﻼﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫﻦﻛﻮﮔ ﺰﻴﻬﺠﺗ Y ﺎﻓ{ ÕYﺮﺑ ﻢﻫ ﺎﺑ ﻦﻳ{ﺎﮔ ﺔﻣﺎﻧÁÕﺎﻫﺮﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺸﮔﺎﺑ Y ﺪﻧYﻮﺗﻰﻣ ﻞﻴﺋYﺮﺳY ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳY ﻰﻄﻳYﺮﺷ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ { ﻂﻘﻓ ½ﻮﭼ ،{ﺮﻳﺬﭘﻰﻣ cﻮﺻ ﻞﻴﺋYﺮﺳY Á ½YﺮﻳY ﻦﻴﺑ [}ﺎﻛ ﺶﻨﺗﺐﻠﻄﻣ ½ﺪﺷ ﺮﺗﻦﺷÁ ÕYﺮﺑ .ﺪﻫ{ ﻪﻣY{Y ½ﺎﻨﺒﻟ Á ﻪﻳﻮﺳ ،ﻦﻴﻄﺴﻠﻓ Õﺎﻫﻦﻴﻣﺮﺳ Y ﻰﺸﺨﺑ µﺎﻐﺷY ﻪﺑ ،Ã{ﺮﻛ ÕY{{ﻮﺧ 1967 µﺎﺳ.½Yﺮﻜﻤﺟ ½Yﺮﺳ Á ﻰﻠﻴﺋYﺮﺳY cﺎﻣﺎﻘﻣ ﺮﻴﺧY cYﺎﻬﻇY ﻪﺑ ﻢﻴﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷY{ ﻰﻫﺎﮕﻧ ﺖﺳY ﻰﻓﺎﻛ ،½ﺎﻬﻴﻛ Õﺮﺒﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻢﻫ ﺎﻫﻦﻛﻮﮔ .ﺖــﺴﻴﻧ ﺮﻳﺬﭙﻧﺎﻜﻣY ﺢﻠﺻ cYﺮﻛYﺬﻣ ،{Y{ ﺎﺒﺗY ½YﺮﻳY ﺎﺑ ﻪﻳﻮــﺳ ﻪﻛ ﻰﻧﺎﻣ ﺎﺗ ،ﺪﻳﻮﮔﻰﻣ ﻞﻴﺋYﺮــﺳYÁ !ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷY{ ﻪﻄﺑY ½YﺮﻳY ﺎﺑ ﺪﻧYﻮﺗﻰﻤﻧ ﺪﻨﻛ ÃﺮﻛYﺬﻣ ﻞﻴﺋYﺮــﺳY ﺎﺑ ﺮﮔY ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﻫ{ﻰﻣ Yﺪــﺸﻫ ﻪﻳﻮــﺳ ﻪﺑ ،[ﻼﻛ ﺞﻴﺘﻳﺮﻫ ﻰﺗﺎﻐﻴﻠﺒﺗ ©ﻮﺑﻮﻄﻧﺎﻤﻫ .ﺪﻫ{ ﻪﻣY{Y Y ½ﺎﻨﺒﻟ Á ﻪﻳﻮﺳ ،ﻦﻴﻄﺴﻠﻓ Y ﻰﺸﺨﺑ µﺎﻐﺷY ﻪﻛ ﻞﻴﺋYﺮﺳY ÕYﺮﺑ Ãﺪﺷ Õﻮﺠﻣ ﻮﻫﺎﻴﻫ ﻦﻳY ¹ﺎﻤﺗ ﺐﻠﻄﻣ ﺔﺻﻼﺧ

ﻰﻟﺎﻐﺷY Õﺎﻫﻦﻴﻣﺮــﺳ Y ﻞﻴﺋYﺮــﺳY kÁﺮﺧ ﻊﻧﺎﻣ ﻪﻜﻨﻴﻤﻫ Á ﺪﻧY{ ﻪﻗﻼﻋ ½ﺎﻴﻨﻴﻄــﺴﻠﻓ ©ﻮﻘﺣ ©ﺎﻘﺣY ﻪﺑ ﻰﻠﻴﺧ ﺎﻫﻦﻛﻮﮔ ﻢﻴﻧY{ﻰﻣ ﻪﻛ ﮓﻨﺟ ﻂﺧ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ¹ÁYﺪﺗ { ﺎﻫﻦﻛﻮﮔ ﻰﻀﻌﺑ .ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﻞﻴﺋYﺮﺳY ﺮﻛﻮﻧ ½Yﻮﻨﻋ ﭻﻴﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻰﻣﻼــﺳY ﺖﻣﻮﻜﺣ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﻛﻰﻣ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ،ﺪﻧﻮــﺷﻰﻣﺖﺸﮔﺎﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﺘﺷYﺪﻨﭘﻰﻣ ﺪﺤﺘﻣ cﻻﺎﻳY { ½ﺎﺷ½ﺎﺑﺎﺑY ½ﻮﭼ ،ﺪﻧﺪﻧYÁﺮﭘﻰﻣ ﺮﺳ { ﺰﻴﻧ Y ﺮﺼﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺶﻳYﺰﻓY ÕﺎﻳQ ،Õﺮﮔ.{ﻮﺑ ﺪﻫYﻮﺧ ﺮﻳﺬﭙﻧﺎﻜﻣY ﻰﺘﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﻦﻴﻨﭼ ¹ÁYﺪﺗ ﺪﻧ{ﻮﺑ Ã{ﺮﻛ ﺎﻏM 1977 µﺎﺳ Y ﻪﻛ «{YﺪﺴﻧY ﺖﺳﺎﻴﺳ» Áﺮﺷ ﺔﻄﻘﻧ ﻪﺑ½Yﺮﻜﻤﺟ -YÁﺎﺳ ﺶﻴﭘ Á ﺪﻨﭼ ﻪﻛ ﻢﻳ{ﻮﺑ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ .ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺧY{ﺮﭘ Á ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﺎﺘﺳY ﻦﻴﻤﻫ { «½ﻮﻋﺮﻓ ¹YﺪﻋY» ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻣ sﻼﻄﺻY ﻪﺑ ﻢﻠﻴﻓﻢﺴﻴﺷﺎﻓ ﺔﻠﻌﻓ ﺎﻛ ًYﺮﻫﺎﻇ .ﺪﻨﻫ{ ﺮﺳ «ﻞﻴﺋYﺮﺳY ﺮﺑ گﺮﻣ ،ﺎﻜﻳﺮﻣM ﺮﺑ گﺮﻣ» ﺎﻌﺷ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻴﺸﻛ ½Áﺮﻴﺑ ﺲﻔﻗ Y Y ﺎﻤﻧﻮﺠﺸﻧY{ ﺪﻨﭼ ﻢﻫ ﺎﺑﺪــﺴﻳﻮﻨﺑ ﻰﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺪﻫYﻮﺧﻰﻣ ﺲﻛ ﺮﻫ Á ﺪﻧY{ Ãﺪﻬﻋ ﺮﺑ Y ½Yﺮﻜﻤﺟ { «ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ» cYÁ ﻪﻛ ،Õﺪﻧﺮﻫ ﺎﻔﺻ «Y{» ﻪﻛ Yﺮﭼ ،ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮕﻧ:ﺪﻧYÃ{ﻮﻣﺮﻓ ÁﺮﻣY ،{Y{ ﺖﻓﺎﻳ{ «ﻮﺠﻣ» ½ﺎﺷÃﺎﮔﺎﺑ ½ﺎﺸﻛﻪﻤﻗ Á ½ﺎﺸﻳY Y ﺪﻳﺎﺑ {ﺎﺴﺑ ﻰﻤﻠﻴﻓ ﺎﻳﻰﻫÁﺮﮔ Á Ã{ﻮﺑ ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﻦﻳY Çﺪﻧﺎﺳ ÃﺮﻳﺰﺠﻟY ﺔﻜﺒــﺷ ﻪﻛ Ãﺪــﺷ ½Yﻮﻨﻋ ﺎﻫﺖﻳﺎــﺳ ﻰﺧﺮﺑ { .{Yﺪﻧ ﺖﻟÁ{ ﻪﺑ ﻰﻃﺎﺒﺗY ½ﻮﻋﺮﻓ ¹YﺪﻋY ﻢﻠﻴﻓ»«.Ã{ﺮﻛ ﺖﻳﺎﻤﺣ ½M Y ﻢﻫ ﻰﺘﻟÁ{ﺮﻴﻏY ﻰﻫÁﺮﮔ ﻢﻫ -YÁﺎﺳ ،ﺪﻨﻛﻰﻣ YﺮﺘﻋY ﺮﺼﻣ ،{ﺎﺳﻰﻣ ﺪﻨﺘــﺴﻣ ﻢﻠﻴﻓ «ﻞﻘﺘــﺴﻣ» ﺖﻟÁ{ ¹ﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ «ÃﺮﻳﺰﺠﻟY» !ﻰﮔ{ﺎــﺳ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻠﺑﻮﻴﻧﺎﻓ ﺲﭙــﺳ ،{ÁMﻰﻣ ½ﺎﺑﺎﻴﺧ ﻪﺑ ½Yﺮﻬﺗ { ﺮﺼﻣ ﻊﻓﺎﻨﻣ ﻆﻓﺎﺣ ﻰﮔﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻧ ﺮﺘﻓ{ ﺮﺑYﺮﺑ { ﻰﺒﻠﻃ ﺶﻛﺲﻔﻧ Á ﻰﺋﻮﺟÃﺪﺑﺮﻋ ÕYﺮﺑﺮﺸﺘﻨﻣ Y ½Yﺮﻜﻤﺟ ﺪﻨﻣﺮﻨﻫ ﺎﻴــﺴﺑ «ﺎــﺳﺪﻨﺘﺴﻣ» ،Õﺪﻤﺤﻣ cﺎﻫﺮﺗ Á ﺎﺑÁY Õﺎﻫﻪﻴﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻢﻫ ﺎﻫﻦﻛﻮﮔ Õﺎﻫﻮﻴﻧ ﺮﮕﻳ{ Á ﻮﻴﻧﺮﻬﻣ ÁYﺬﻛ cYﺮﻫﺎﻈﺗ ½ﺎﻳﺮﺟ { ﺰﻴﻧ ﺎﻫﻦﻛﻮﮔ ﻮﺸﻛ cYÁ ﻪﻛ ﺖــﺳY ﻢﻠــﺴﻣ !{Yﺪﻧ ½ﺎﻴﻣ ﻦﻳY { ﻰﺘﻴﻟﻮﺌــﺴﻣ ﭻﻴﻫ ﺖﻟÁ{ ﻰﻟÁ ،ﺪﻨﻨﻛﻰﻣﻮﻧ { Á ،ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺎﺸﺘﻧY 52084 :ﺮﺒﺧﺪﻛ ﺎﺑ Ãﺎﻣ{Y{ﺮﻣ 8 wﻮﻣ ،«½YﺮﻳY ﻚﻴﭘ» { Õﺪﻧﺮﻫ ﺎﻔﺻ «Y{» ½ﺎﻨﺨﺳ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ ﻦﺘﻣ !Ã{ﻮﺒﻧ!{Áﻰﻣ ﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﺑ «ﺢﻠﺴﻣ Õﺎﻫﺮﻨﻫ» ﻪﻠﻤﺟ Y {ﻮﺧﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﺎﺑ ﺖﻟÁ{ ﺎﺒﺗY ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﺎﭼﺎﻧ ½Yﺮﻜﻤﺟ ﻰﻣﻼــﺳY {ﺎﺷY Á ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ¹ﺮﺘﺤﻣ ﺮﻳÁ Á ،Ãﺪــﺷ «sﻼــﺳ ﻊﻠﺧ» Yﺬﻛ ﺮﻨﻫ ﺎﺒﻨﻳY ﻰﻬﺘﻨﻣﺎﻋ{Y Á Ã{ﻮﻣﺮﻓ ﺐﻳﺬﻜﺗ ½Yﺮﻬﺗ { Y ﻞﻴﺋYﺮﺳY Á ﺎﻜﻳﺮﻣM ،ﺮﺼﻣ ﺪﺿ ﺮﺑ ﻰــﺳﺎﻴﺳ cYﺮﻫﺎﻈﺗ ﻰﻨﻌﻳ ½M Õﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﻴﭘ Á ½Yﺮﻜﻤﺟ ¹ﺎﺟ ﺪﻨﺘــﺴﻣ!Ã{ﻮﺑ «ÃﺮﻳﺰﺠﻟY» ﺖﺧﺎﺳ ﻢﻫ ½Yﺮﻬﺗ { ½ﺎﻳﺎﻤﻧﻮﺠﺸﻧY{ cYﺮﻫﺎﻈﺗًﺎﻤﺘﺣ !ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ Y ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ﻦﻳY «ÃﺮﻳﺰﺠﻟY» ﺪﻨﻳﻮﮔﻰﻣ ﺎﻫﻰﻀﻌﺑ ،ﻪﻛ ﺪﻨﻨﻛ Á ﺖﺳY Y{ﻮﺧﺮﺑ ÕYÃ{ﺮﺘﺴﮔ cYﺎﻴﺘﺧY ﻦﻴﻨﭼ Y ﻰﻣﻼﺳY «ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ» ﺖﻣﻮﻜﺣ { «ÃﺮﻳﺰﺠﻟY» ،ﻰﺳﻰﺑﻰﺑ ﻚﺧﺎــﺷ ﻪﻛ ﻢﻴﺘــﺴﻧY{ﻰﻤﻧﻰﺴﻴﻠﮕﻧY ½Áﺎﻌﻣ ،«ﺰﻣﺎﻴﻠﻳÁ cYﻮﻴﺘﺳ» ﺪﻨﻜﻧ !{Yﺪﻧﺎﻴﺑ ÃY ﻪﺑ cYﺮﻫﺎﻈﺗ ½Yﺮﻬﺗ { Á {ﺎﺴﺑ ﻢﻠﻴﻓ ½Yﺮﻜﻤﺟ ﺖﻟÁ{ ﺖﻟﺎﺧ{ ½Áﺪﺑ ﺪﻧYﻮﺗﻰﻣ!ﺎﻔﺻ «Y{» ﺪﻴﻨﻛﻰﻣ Õﺎﻛ½ﺎﻬﻨﭘ ﺪﻘﭼ !ﺪﻨﻛ -ﺮﺗ Y ½Yﺮﻬﺗ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﺖﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﺖﺴﻜﺷ ﻞﻴﻟ{ ﻪﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ½YﺮﻳY { «ﺮﭘﺲﻧYﺮﻓ»½ﺎﻣﻮﺸﻛ { «ﺮﭘﺲﻧYﺮﻓ» ½Áﺎﻌﻣ ﻢﻴﻧYﺪﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺒﻧ ﺎﻣ ﺮﮕﻣ ؟{YﺪﻧYﻰﻣ ÃY ﻪﺑ µﺎﺠﻨﺟ Á [ﻮﺷM ﻰﺴﻛ ﻪﭼ ﺪﻨﻧYﺪﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺒﻧ ½YﺮﻳY ¹{ﺮﻣ ﺮﮕﻣYﺮﭼ ﺪﻴﻧY{ﻰﻤﻧًﺎﻤﺘﺣ ﺲﭘ !{ﺬﮔﻰﻣ ﻪﭼ ½Yﺮﻜﻤﺟ { ﺪﻴﻧY{ﻰﻤﻧ ﻢﻫ ﺎﻤــﺷ ﺪﻨﻜﻧ ؟ﺖــﺳY ½ﺎﺘــﺴﻠﮕﻧY «6ÕM¹Y» ﻰﺘﻴﻨﻣY ¹ﺎﻘﻣ ﻚﻳ!ﺪﻨﻛﻰﻣ ﺖﻳﺎﻤﺣ ﻰﻤﺗY sﻼﺳ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻤﺷ ﺮﺒﺧﻰﺑ ﺎﺟ ﻪﻤﻫ Y «ﺖﻟÁ{» ﺰﻴﻬﺠﺗ Y ﻰﻠﻴﺋYﺮﺳYﺪﺿ ﻚﺳﺎﻣ ﺎﺑ «ﻦﻳ{ﺎﮔ» { ½ﻮــﺴﻛﺎﺳﻮﻠﮕﻧM ½ﺎﺒﻠﻃﮓﻨﺟ ﺔﻧﺎــﺳ ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻣ Yﺮﭼ Á ،Ã{ﺮﻛ «¹ﺎﻴﻗ» ﻞﻴﺋYﺮــﺳY ﺪﺿ ﺮﺑ ﻦﻳ{ﺎﮔ Yﺮﭼ ﻢﻴﻧY{ﻰﻣ !ﻢﻴﻧY{ﻰﻣ ﺎــﻣ ﻰــﻟÁÁ ﻦﻳ{ﺎﮔ ½ﺎﺑﺎﺑY ½ﺎﻧ ،ﺪﺑﺎﻳ YﺮﻘﺘﺳY ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ { ﺢﻠﺻ ﺮﮔY ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳY ﻦﻳY ﻞﻴﻟ{ !Ãﺪﺷ ﺮﺸﺘﻨﻣ Õﺎﺠﻟﺎﺳ Ãﺎﻣ{Y{ﺮﻣ 8 wﻮﻣ ،ﻪﺑﻮﭼﺎﻨﺣﻪﻛ ﺮﻴﺗ 18 ¹ﺎﻛﺎﻧ Õﺎﺗ{ﻮﻛ ½ﺎﻌﻓYﺪﻣ Y ﻰﻜﻳ ،«ﺎﻓÁ ﻪﻟYژ» ¹ﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ Õ{ﺮﻓ ﻪﻛ ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﻞﻴﻟ{ﻰﺑ .ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫYﻮﺧ ﺮﺟM ½Yﺮﻜﻤﺟ cﺪﻗﺪﻗ ﺖﻟÁ{!ÃﺪﻣM { [M Y ﻢﻫ «ﺢﻠﺻ ﺔﻟﻮﻟ ﻂﺧ» ﺖﺨﺳﺮﺳ ½ﺎﻔﻟﺎﺨﻣ Áﺰﺟ ﺎﮔÁ Õﺎﻀﻗ Y ،{Y{ﺮﭙﺑ ½ﺎﻳﻮﺠﺸﻧY{ ﻰﻔﻨﺻ ﻮﻣY ﻪﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻊﻗYÁ {ﻪﻛ ﺖﺳY ¹ﻻ Á .ﺪﻨﻛﻰﻣ {YÁ ﺎﻫ½ﻮــﺴﻛﺎﺳﻮﻠﮕﻧM ﻊﻓﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻰﻧYÁYﺮﻓ ½ﺎﻳ «[ﻮﻨﺟ ـ µﺎﻤــﺷ» ÃY{YM Á «ﺢﻠﺻ ﺔﻟﻮﻟ ﻂﺧ» gYﺪﺣY ،ﻪﻠﺑﻪﺑ ﺢﻠﺻ ﺔﻟﻮﻟ ﻂﺧ gYﺪﺣY ﺎﺑ ،½ﺎﻴﻨﻴﺴﺣ{Yﮋﻧ Á Õﻮﺳﻮﻣ ﻦﻴﺴﺣﺮﻴﻣ ½ﻮﭼ ﻰﻧYﺎﻜﺘﻳﺎﻨﺟ Y ÕÁﺮﻴﭘ ﻪﺑ ،cﺪﺣÁ ﻢﻴﻜﺤﺗ { ﻢﺴﻴﺷﺎﻓ ﺔﻠﻌﻓﻞﻓﺎﺤﻣ ﻞﻴﻟ{ ﻦﻴﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ .ﺖﺳY «ﺮﻈﻧﺐﺣﺎﺻ» ﻮﻣY ﺔﻤﻫ { -YÁﺎﺳ ﻮﺨﻧﺎﻧ [ﻼﻃ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﺎﻤﻧﻮﺠﺸﻧY{ ﻪﻛ ﻢﻴﻧY{ﻰﻣ .ﺪﻧﺰﻴﺧﺮﺑ ﺖﻔﻟﺎﺨﻣ.ﺪﻧY{ ﻢﺴﻴﺷﺎﻓ ﺔﻠﻌﻓ ﻮﻧ ﻦﻳY ﻪﺑ ﻰﺒﻴﺠﻋ c{YY ،[ﺮﻏ { ﺮﺸﺑ ©ﻮﻘﺣ Y ﺎﻓ{ ﻰﻋﺪﻣ{ ½ﺎﻨﻳY Y ﺖﺣﺎﻗÁ «ﺮﻨﻫ» ـ ﺖﺣﺎﻗÁ ﻞﻣﺎﻛ { Á ،Ã{ﺮﻛ ﻰﻧYﺮﻨﺨﺳ ،ﻮﻧﺎﻫ ﺮﻬﺷ { «½YﺮﻳY { ﺮﺸﺑ ©ﻮﻘﺣ Y ﺎﻓ{ ½ﻮﻧﺎﻛ» { ،ﺎﻓÁ ﻪﻟYژﻞﻤﻌﻟYﻮﺘﺳ{ ﻚﻳ !Ãﺪﻴﻣﺎﻧ Õ{YM ½ﺎﻌﻓYﺪﻣ Y «ÃﺎﮕﺸﻧY{ Á Ãﻮﺣ cﺪﺣÁ ﻢﻴﻜﺤﺗ» Õﺎﻫﺖﺴﻴﺷﺎﻓ ـ ﺪﻧﻮﻣMﻰﻣ ﺖﻋﺎﻤﺟ ﺪﻧﻮﺧM ﺐﺘﻜﻣﻦﻳY ﻞﻣﺎﻛ ﻦﺘﻣ !ﺮﺒﻛY kﺎﺣ ﻮﺨﻧﺎﻧ ﻪﻧ ،ﺖــﺳY «Õ{YM» ﻊﻓYﺪﻣ ﺪﻨﻛ ﺖﺑﺎﺛ ﺎﺗ ،Ã{ﺮﻛ {ﺎﺻ ½ﺎﻳﻮﺠــﺸﻧY{ ÕYﺮﺑ ﻢﻫ «ﺪﻳﺎﻘﻋ ﺶﻴﺘﻔﺗ»