eDpKdG ;cGKd SorJiSf wzlSusSH

ytd0k ;f awmifol trsKd ;om;tzGJ@csKyf

ytd0k .f pGKd ScGKd S pGKd ScsKyf (ytd0k ;f awmifol trsKd ;om; tzG@J csKyf) aem0fS zG@J A.l vGOf 1308=
Am.aeif./ 0g.qd.k vmqefS(2)eDS/ 1946= Am.aeif. vmZGe(f 30) eDSudu k m.oGL? cif.vrf;aem0fS
a0ifSoxGKH .ausmifSwef anmif.0GKd efSudw k iJ f oxGKkH .crf;/ a0ifSe,f./ 'Hak qmif.udk ut0f.'g.
ytd0k .f vdSk rsKd S orm."dy*k K~d vf.wefz.Hk wGr.f pGKd ;cGKd Sacgi;f aqmifwef vazoD; wGKd if.yif._cdSxGL
vdk@0ifSawGmSh ytd0k .f pGKd ;cGKd StpGKd ScsKyf (ytd0k f.awmifol trsKd ;om; tzG@J csKyf),dk ayg.xef.vGOAf m.
aem0fSoGL?
zGJ@A.l ytd0k .f pGKd ;cGKd StpGKd ScsKyfxLG aem0fS 1308=Am. aeif.'JOo f .D avmif; (3) eDS pe.eDS (11)
em;&D. tcde.f udk rmSavGS,if; t&D;oGwSf ytd0k .f pGKd ;cGKd StpGKd SnD.vm.cH.yG,Sf obif.wef wòzH./
a0ifSoxGKH .us,w f m,m (-u,f wm,m) &Gyk rf eG , f KHG .udek 0fSoGL?
atm0f.nD.vm.cH.udk tGO.f axGmv h ifSaz.a&.rd;k csuaf em0fS=
1? ytd0k .f pGKd ;cGKd SzH.k aomif.omvGxLG wJib f KHG SwHScdSk az.uwefxv kd OG /f
2? ytd0k .f pGKd ;cGKd SzH.k az.uvGL;wJiaf vGSoS&ufcKdG S?

aumtGOif gaem0fS=
(1)? OD;v‡ab (OD;v‡az) pGKd ;cGKd Sacgi;f qmifwef?
(2)? OD;cJ tpGKd ScsKyf em,u?
(3)? OD;bd;k r#if tpGKd ScsKyf OuUX?
(4)? OD;jyL; tpdKG ScsKyf tGOt f udak &S?
EJik ;f aem0fSzH.k oGL?

urmSxl.xGLvJO;f zH.k aem0fS=

zGJ@A.l xGL ytd0k .f pGKd ;cGKd S tpGKd ScsKyf rnrrGKd ifukd zl;a0;apmufSwGr.f rJiSf uGv
D OG v
f G crf;e,f.
yigy&mSwJif apmufScrf;e,f. ta&St&m.ayg.vGOo f LG ? eJif.iH.awm.tae. zpf[ShJ wGKd if.yif.
eJi.f ief.a&Som;zH.k / pGKd ;cGKd Sa&Som;zH.k wJif ytd0k .f pGKd ;cGKd S tpGKd ScsKyftae.vJh jzm;AGmOD;v‡az/ OD;jyL;/
OD;ba&$ (ocifba&$)/ OD;csppf ed f (OD;ausmpf ed =f acgif;aqmiftvDS/ ,dck gawmif.uDS) oD.vJh
u|Sxif.yg? ‘uGypf OG .f crf;e,f.ta&SwJif zl;a0;ref;wGr.f apmufSoD;zH.k xGmoifx, k dk
uJik ;f armhwef'g. pJSh abS pJSh wH.tausmifS/ aem0fSrStac.ae. az.u,GrSf vifS az.uxGmcsm
yGKH .ref.e0fS vd.k usKd SpmSrmSvGig.ausmifS’ ytd0k .f tpGKd Stae. az.usr.f ^m%f. 0Ge.f wefcsKyf OD;EkxsS
EJik ;f e0fSoGL?
 1948=Am.aeif.udk tGOu f wl.rmSavGSyG,Sf ysSqENoxGKH . armfausm&h yfuu G f a&ausmaf AG.AGef
ausmifSudw
k iJ f ytd0k .f crf;om; waomif.vGKd EGKd @ygaomhnSD aem0fSoGL? ytdyk .f ,dk az.u[JSh Am.rGKd ef;
awmifo/l ytd0k .f wGuw f m. ,HzGJ@A.l az. wyf&OJ .f eDòzH.tausmifS 'if.ysSe,fyg eJi.f iH.awm.xsSoGL?

(PYO) yD0iJk t
f dk
1946=Am.aeif.&yfudk zl;a0;apmufSoD;vJh zG@J A.l vGOf tpGKd StAl.zH.k oGL? aupDtdk
(apmufSA[d.k tpGKd S)/ bDautJeaf t (apmufSpGKd ;cGKd StAl.)/ au0Jik t f kd (apmufvSdk ,GpJ KGd S)
EJik ;f aem0fSzH.k oGL? apmufSvdSk ,GpJ KGd S (au0Jik t
f )kd udk ytd0k .f vdSk ,GJ cGeyf ef;pde/f cGeb
f a&$/ cGeaf usmpf ed /f
apmb&if (apmufytd0k .f ) oD;vJh ygaomhSvG'sm.oGL?
ydKG if;vJi.f apmufSvdSk ,GpJ KGd S (au0dik t f )kd udk uygvOG 'f g. ytdk0.f vdSk ,GpJ KGd SzH.k e0fS
t0f.apmufSvdSk ,GpJ KGd Sudk AJSh xef.csmerf; yigy&mSwJif 1947 = Am.aeif.&yf a0ifSoxGKH .udk zGJ@A.l vGOf
ytd0k .f vdSk ,GpJ KGd S (Pa-Oh Youth Organization) “yD0ikJ t f ”kd aem0fSoGL?

(PYO) “yD0iJk t
f ”dk tpGKd S aumtGOif gom;zH.k aem0fS=
(1)? cGeyf ef;pdef OuUX(ydKG if;vJi.f vrf;pOfygw)D
(2)? cGeb f a&$ 'k=OuUX (oxHKG . anmif.0GKd efS)
(3)? cGeaf usmpf ed f tGOtf udak &S (ytd0k .f acgi;f aqmifvSD / awmif.uDS) oD;tGOif gaz.
aem0fSoGL?

(PYO) yD0iJk t
f dk a&.rd;k csuef m0fS=
1? pGKd ;cGKd S/ bm.om./ om.oem. xif.xdw k aoGmif;a&S/
2? ytd0k .f crf;&ifSom;zH.k eJi.f iH.a&S xmSxD.,Hxif.xdk waoGmif;a&S/
3? oS&ufcKGd S vGL;wJiaf &S EJik ;f aem0fSzH.k oGL?

'kp&Juf ,HxSdk rm;a&S=

uGypf OG .f ya'.o&mZf apmufSzm;oD; auyfSxl.tm tcGO.f awm.zH.k / aAGmifae;xmSawm.
xmSavmifS xif.xif.osmSosmS/ a'g0x f o
D .l &m. wGr.f ,majzif;zH.k aem0fSvJh urf;oSvGKyfSrmS
'GKd .pm qGO;f aEGmifS'sm.vJh wa&m0f;/ apmufSzm;ydv k DS zl;a0;zH.k vJh w&0f;wJif aumifa&$SzH.k udk
ut0f.'g. ytd0k .f wGr.f crf;&mSom;zH.k aem0fS crf.aEGmifSawm0f;'GKrf ya'.o&mZf apmufSzm;oD;
awyfSEsSrkSawGmSh ‘'kp&Jurf Sk xdSk rm;a&StpGKd S’,dk ayg.xef.vGOAf m.oGL?
uGyaf em0fSrS yk*K~d vf.wef &ufcKdG Som;zH.k wGr.f aAG.apm0f;&[efSoH.Cm.zH.k armhScGw
J KGd if.yif.
_cdSvdk@0ifSwJif 1946§47=udk zGJ@A.l vGOf 'kp&Jurf Sk ,HxSkd rm;a&StpGKd Saem0fSoGL?

a&.rd;k csuaf em0fS=

(1)? ÁwÎ"d w
k =W ae;rmay./ apmufumSvdSk rl. vdSk ay.zHk. rmSAm.awm0f;?
(2)J? rHo"kw=W zd;k yem;zH.k ,dk zdk@StH.Am.awm0f;/ pmaz.Am.awm0f; pae;wJi.f ?
(3)? tuQ"w k =W xmSawm.xmSavmifS ref.ors rmSAm.awm0f;?
(4)? ol&m"kw=W ,mvHzed Sf zifS a'g0x f D ol.&m.zH.k ,dk 'GKd .pm qGO;f tGS rmSAm.awm0f;?

ytd0fk0.f avGmif.Al.=
eJi.f iH.a&SxmSao uaomf.omvGO'f g. aumfa&GSavmif; ytd0k .f zH.k aem0fS vGL;wJiaf e;
oS&ufcKGd SawGmSh 1947=Am.aeif.&yfukd zG@J A.l avGSae; “ytd0k .f avGmif.Al.” &Jik Sf woGKd ;vGOzf sif
aem0fSoGL?

aumtGOif gom;em0fS=
(1)? jzm;bd;k cif (awmif.uDS)= OuUX
(2)? jzm;cef;cdik f (aemif)= tGOt
f udak &S?

a&.rd;k csuaf em0fS=

= 'kp&Jurf Sk wGKd ufuiJk af &S
= ya'.o&mZfpepf vGKd qefa&S
= 'Dru dk a&pD rGeAf efa&S EJik ;f aem0fz.kH wJif xGKd @Syif.uD,if; ya'.o&mZfpepf vGKd qefa&S
wdKG ufSyG,Sf e0fSoGL?
“ytd0k .f avGmif.Al.a&S” tpGKd Som;zH.k aem0fSxl.,Sae; vS&mSplcKG rf YcKif;YcSzH.k awGmSh
'Hak qmif.&yf&m. [H.e,f. vdrk ;f AOf.a&StwGuf ae;tm.wGKd ufScS xGL.w&efcsm,if; ya'.o&mZf
apmufS zm;zH.k aem0fSoGL?
ytd0k .f avGmif.Al.tpGKd Se0fS eJi.f iH.a&SxmSxD.ygvOG v
f OJ ;f wJif ya'.o&mZf apmufSzm;zH.k
,de;f irf;irf;vGOaf em0fSrS wGr.f vJA;D wyfz.kH v,f.,m;uJik f ytd0k .f 'Hak qmif.zH.k / xdrk .f qGrSf
wGL.w&efa&Som;zH.k oGL?

&‡r;f jynf crf;aumif ytdk0.f oHCtzG

tzGJ@csKyf=
1310=Am.ae. 'JOu f q
H efS (5) eDS/ 1949=Am.aeif. vmZEMm0g&D (3) eDS wevFm.eDS/
xmSachS (9) em.&D. rdaepf (10) t,HwiG Sf zG@J A.l vGOf “ajzm0fScrf; crf;aumif ytd0k .f oH.Cm.
tpGKd ScsKyf” aem0fSoGL? cif.vrf;aem0fS yxrausmifSwefrOG _f cJiu
f o
kd LG ?

a&.rd;k csuaf em0fS=

(u)? ytd0k .f oH.Cm a&.rd;k csu=f
1? pdKG ;cGKd Sbm.om. om.oem.awm.ta&S/
 2? ynm.a&SwGr.f qGKd ufz.H a&S/
3? avGmif.Al.a&S/

(c)? [ef.oeDS ,dck gcSJh cJSh ytd0k .f crf;&ifSom;zH.k uvd.k tyf'g.aem0fS=

1? utD.rmS'g. rJvKGd ufy, G Sf igoSl aem0fSvdSk jzm;aygiSf tavGmufS ytk0d ;f crf;&ifSom;zH.k
twGuf ,HrmSac:ac:az.trwfcif.vrf;zH.k ?
2? ajzm0fScrf;udk ,HzGJ@A.l rGKd ifrKGd ifaz. “ytd0k .f a&;&maumifp”D
3? ytd0k .f vdSk rsKd S &smSacgiSf utm'g. oGOv f w d uf smifSudzk .kH aem0fS ,HuoGOaf z.Am. ytd0k .f
vdwv f iJk Sf ?
4? a'.o ,[ef.udk apmufSzm;ajzm0fSzH.k edpu P af wufSEsSrkSaem0fS trGKd ifwAm. ,HuzJik ;f
az.Am.?

crf;aumif ytd0k .f oH.Cm. tpGKd ScsKyftae. uaxuaxxef.'g. vdwaf u.nm.csuu f akd em0fS=
“[ef.eDSytd0k .f awmifocl rf;&ifSom;zH.k aem0fS yGKd if;vJi.f yGKd if;&if;udk &m.Zm.0ifS uwGi.f 'g.
vdSk rsKd SwrsKd S'sm.tausmifS/ rOf.zJuSf xGm;wGr.f vdkSrsKd Svife0fS xJzh KdG . vJO;f qJik Sf vJO;f zl;a0;
crf;&ifSom; tavmif.tvifausmifS/ cif.vrf;wGKd ifSudk uxJzh KGd .vJO;f qJkiSf 'g. cGKd Sytd0k .f oD;b0
xif.waoGmif;a&S ynm.tqif.t&ef; xif.xdak &StwGuf eDemSytd0k .f oH.Cm.wm.zH.k
wm.0Ge.f 'sm.wJif uD,[ dk OG .f uyg'g. xmSrmS&JO.f wGr.f a&.rd;k csuzf .kH twGKd ifS ae;tm.ae;&JiSf
tD.axif;xrf. rmSxl.avGS'sm. tausmifS” ygaomhScgS EJik ;f aem0fSoGL?

ytd0k .f trsKd ;om; vGwjf rmufa&;tzGJ@ (ytvz)

“ytd0k .f pGKd ;cGKd S vGpx
f ef.a&StpGKd S” aem0fSzG@J Al.vGOf 1949=Am.aeif. 'DZeJ b
f m (11) eDSudo
k LG ?
aumtGOif gom;zH.k aem0S aAG.q&m.awm. OD;aerd/ jzm;wef ausmifSwd,kH (aumifc,f.)/
jzm;wef0g.& (aumifòyJi)f / jzm;wef ausmifSAk"f (emppfaomuf)/ jzm;wef erf;-o/ jzm;AGm v‡az/
yd.k wGKH / a[ifosi.f aiG/ trwfatmif.om./ Adv k af [ifarmif up'g.yk*Kd~ vf.wefo;D zH.k aem0fSoGL?

a&.rk;d csuaf em0fS

(1)? ya'.o&mZfpepf wGKd ufSuJik af &S/
(2)? ,HuvSa'.oEW&tkycf sKyfa&S (,m.,D.)
(3)? wGr.f crf;&ifSom; tavmif.vif az.uvSwoGKd efwef.wl. tcGiSf ta&S/
(4)? ytd0k .f oD;vdSk rkSb0 xif.waoGmif;a&S=up'g.zH.k aem0fSoGL?

uGyyf td0k .f pGKd ;cGKd S vGpx

f ef.a&StpGKd S (ytvz) wGL.w&efya'.o&mZ pepfwiJ f tusKd SoGKyfaem0fS=
= 1959=Am.aeif. vm{_yDudk ya'.o&mZfapmufSzm;zH.k pGOSf xdSk Am.tm.%m.?
= ytd0k .f crf;&ifSom;zH.k eJi.f iH.a&SxmSxD. ,HwaoGmif.vGO?f
= oS&ufpKGd ;cGKd S vGL;wJiv
f OG ?f
= ytd0k .f crf;'Grvf crf;aumif oG.D aAmhSvGOv f @kd 0ifS?
= ynm.a&S YcKif.oefSa&S xif.waoGmif;vGO/f wzlSoGKyfo, G .f a&S xmSrmSzH.k a[m0fvOG ?f
= crf;e,f.wGr.f crf;udzk .Hk e0fS ytd0k .f zH.k EGKd @aomhSaEGmifSvGOEf ikJ ;f aem0foLG ?

jynfaxmifpk ytd0k .f trsKd ;om; tzGJ@csKyf (ytrz)

aumifa&GSavmif;udk uatm0f.'g. “ytd0k .f avGmif.Al.” tpGKd Se0fS ,m;uJik x f LG wJif 1950=Am.aeif.
-o*kwv f m (2) eDSudk zGJ@A.l csm,if; “crf;aygiSf pkytd0k .f pGKd ;cGKd S tpGKd ScsKyf” e0fSoGL? 1951=Am.aeif.
rwfvm (1) eDSe0fS rmSxl.nD.vm.cH.wef tvJik ;f wAm.wJif t0f.nD.vm.cH.yG,Sf tHu k u
GH dk
wJr;f xGKd @StGO.f axGmv
h ifSaz. zGJ@A.l yGKH . cif.rGOf Oya'.e0fSoGL?

aumtGOif gom;aem0fS=
= jzm;wef OD;bd;k cif OuUX
= jzm;wef OD;jzL tGOt
f ud&k S/ yk*Kd~ vfwef aumtGOif gom; EJik ;f qSuD,kd eDjzmSvGKrfSe0fS
ajzm0fScrf;e,f. crf;e,f.aumifpD tpGKd SEGKd @'sm. vGO;f vGO;f oGL?

ytrz= a&.rd;k csuaf em0fS=

(1)? crf;aygiSf pkudk ut0f.'g. ytd0k .f pGKd ;cGKd SzH.k aem0fS w,f.qd@k SavGmif.Al. jzGr;f nD.a&SxGLwJif
cGKd Sytd0k Sf oD; b0uH. usrmR .aem0fS cGKd Sytd0k .f oD;zefqifScsm'sm.?
(2)? tD.yif.waoGmif;xdak vGS ytd0k .f pGKd ;cGKd SoD; a,Of.iJa&S bm.om.a&S vdwv f ikJ Sf wGr.f vdSk rkS
pDSyGgSa&SzH.k ?
(3)? ae;xl.wGr.f vdSk rsKd SpGKrf. oG.D xDSavGmif.Al.jzGr;f nD.a&SwJif tD.rmSxl.avGS 'Dru kd a&pDreG Af efa&S?
(4)? utD.wGKd ufuiJk af vGStD pepfvSD pepf,pepfuikJ zf H.k twGuf cGKd Sytd0k .f oD;u&dSk vJh tm.&JiSf
wAm. az.uygaomhSa&m0f;yg?
(5)? az.uvStDSndrSf cGSom.,m.a&S atm0f;pGLa&SvJo h ifS/ qdKG ufq.H a&S az.uwaoGmif;xif.xdk
tDvo Jh ifS ae;xl.wGr.f vdSk tmoD; qENtvSawGmSh tD.rmSxl.avGSEJik ;f aem0fSoGL?

ytrz = urmSxGLaEGmifSvJO;f zH.k aem0f=

= atm0f.yxr/ 'kw, d wGr.f wwd, nD.vm.cH.udzk .kH aem0fS ya'.o&mZfpepfuikJ jf yifS ndrif aJ &S
twGuf vJiSf tGO.f axGmah EGmifStDae; rwfwefSawGmSh pJO.f qufwAm. rmSxl.aEGmifSvGO?f
= crf;e,f.tpd.k & 0Ge.f wefz.Hk tae.e0fS jzm;bd;k cif/ jzm;wef OD;jzL/ jzm;AGm v‡az oD;
az.uygaomhSaEGmifStDwm. u&dSk vJh rmSxl.aEGmifSyg?
= ygvrD efvw G af wm.udzk .Hk vJh jzm;wefb;kd cif/ jzm;wef OD;jzL/ jzm;AGm v‡az/ jzm;axG;vH/k OD;ausmpf ed /f
OD;pHatmif/ trwfatmif.om. up'g.yk*Kd~ vf.&ufcf KdG SzH.k aem0fS ytd0k .f crf;&ifSom; erf;ajcmifSwif
tae. ygaomhaEGmifSvGOf vGwaf wm.udo k LG ?
= ya'.o&mZf apmufSzm;zH.k az.upGOSf xkSd tD tm.%m.twGuf wGr.f eJi.f iH.awm.tpd.k &S
pG.D plrmSxl.aEGmifSyg?
= ynm.a&S/ YcKif.oefSa&S/ wzlSoGKyfo, G .f a&S/ pGKd ;cGKd Sa,Of.iJrk xdeSf odrSf a&S wGr.f pdKG ;cGKd S
pDSyGgSxif;waoGmif;a&StwGuf rmSxl.aEGmifSyg?
= zuf'&,frw l rJ ;f xGKd @Sa&S/ crf;om;aum.rwD./ vdSk rsdKSpkaum.rwD. up'g.crf;a&S xDa&S
aem0fSudzk .Hk vJh rmSxl.aEGmifSygoLG ?

jynfaxmifpk jrefrmEdik if aH wmf ytd0k .f vli,frsm;tpnf;t&H;k =

zGJ@A.l xGL ytrz qJik Sf 0Jik Sf ,dk a0ifSawmif.uDSudk zG@J A.l csm,if; “crf;ygiSf pk
ref;crf;eJi.f iH.awm. ytd0k .f vdSk ,Gt
J pGKd StAl.” aem0fSoGL?

a&.rd;k csuaf em0f=

(1) ,Hyif.waoGmif;xdak z. ytd0k .f vdSk ,Go J ;D b0 tqif;&ef;?
(2) ytd0k .f vdSk ,GzJ .Hk aem0fS ,Haz.uxGmvGOf crf;om;a[m0fwrG .f tGOif gom;?
(3) crf;aygiSf pkudk ut0f.'g. vdSk ,GcJ rf;&ifSom;zH.k wGr.f ytd0k .f vdSk ,GzJ .kH az.uxDSoifSvdk@0ifS/
az.uw,f.qdk@SvG &ufyiJ Sf a&S?
(4) urBm.avmif;udk ut0f.'g. t"rRpepfuikJ zf .kH wGKd ufSuJik , f m;jyifSa&StwGuf ytd0k .f vdSk ,GzJ .Hk vJh
tm.&JiSf wAm.tae. ,Huyg&0f;?
(5)? obm0avmu"gww f rG .f vdk@rak &S&m.tvS uwdSk wuf xif.waoGmif;vGO'f g. xmSao
xmS'g.^m%f.ynm.zH.k aem0fS oGOx f .l -uL;a&mfSae; xmSrmSerf;armhS placGgi;f zH.k ,Haz.uvdKdG if.udKG efS
xif.waoGmif;vGOf EJik ;f e0fSoGL?
crf;aygiSf pkytd0k .f vdSk ,Gt
J pGKd StAl. pDSuefSOya'. vdwrf ihJ g (19) twG,Sf oGKyfqScsm
oSabmfSw&mScif.rGOu f dk “ytd0k .f vdSk ,GJ tpGKd StAl.aem0fS 'Dru kd a&pD tjcyft&JO.f awGmSh
rmSxl.Am.tausmifS” ygaomhScgS EJik ;f e0fSoGL?

cGet
f ;kd (oxGKH .ay.)