Ontology

A Semantic Search Engine

Ontology
 In computer science and information science, an ontology
is a formal representation of knowledge as a set of
concepts within a domain, and the relationships between
those concepts.
 Ontologies are used in artificial intelligence and also in
Semantic Web.

Ontology
Semantic Search Engine
 Semantic search seeks to improve search accuracy by
understanding searcher intent and the contextual meaning
of terms as they appear in the searchable data space,
whether on the Web or within a closed system, to generate
more relevant results.

Ontology
Why Semantic
 Traditional search engines
 Semantic - The meaning of information
 Drawbacks of Traditional Search Engine
• Keyword based
• We get information that are not desired.

Ontology
Overview
 Files from web
 Server
 Query by user
 Process Logic

Ontology
Working
 Process Logic
 Defragmentation of query
 Pattern Matching
 Example
What is <predicate> of <subject> ?
Who was the <predicate> of <subject> ?
Where is <subject> ?

Ontology
Terminologies
 Triples
 XML-Parser
 RDF

Ontology
Triples
 Each triple is made up of subject, predicate and object.
 Each triple is a complete and unique fact.
 A triple is made up of a subject, predicate and object -
which are respectively a uriref or bnode; a uriref; and a
uriref, bnode or literal.
 Each triple can be joined with other triples, but it still
retains its own unique meaning, regardless of the
complexity of the models in which it is included.

Ontology
RDF
 The standard for encoding
 Breaking of info
 Example
<foaf:knows>
<foaf:Person>
<foaf:nick>Cal</foaf:nick>
<foaf:name>Cal Henderson</foaf:name>
<foaf:mbox_sha1sum>420</foaf:mbox_sha1sum>
</foaf:Person>
</foaf:knows>

Ontology
XML-Parser
 Parsing is the act of splitting up information into its
component parts
 For Example

Triple ID Subject Predicate Object

Tid_1 knows nick “Cal”

Tid_2 knows name “Cal Henderson”
Tid_3 knows mbox_sha1sum “420”

Ontology
Software Modules

Query
RDF Files
USER Internet
Software

Answer

Database

Ontology
Software Design

RDF RD
DOM F
Triple Internet
RDF Module
Manager

SCAN
Dat
aBas
e SEARCH

Result

Triple
Finder USER
GUI Module

Query

Ontology
RDF Module

RD

Web F
RDF Parser Page
Fetcher
Triple
Manager

Ontology
 Triple Manager

Triples

Triple RDF DOM

Triple Storage
Generation
DataBase

Ontology
 Triple Finder

Quer
Triple Query Parser y GU
DataBase
Retrieval I

Query Pattern
Matcher

Result
Generator

Ontology
Advantages
 Provides productive services
 Precise and self-explanatory results
 Results satisfy user queries
 Results are easy to understand
 The searching is optimized using DOM

Ontology
Disadvantages
 Doesn’t work if a website has no RDF files
 The query fired by the user must follow a pattern

Ontology
Conclusion
 The project will ensure the best search results for the user.
The implementation of this project will save user time.
The results generated will overcome the problems of
traditional search engines, which usually gives irrelevant
outputs.

Ontology
 Thank You !

Ontology