2jcc circleautumn 2008www.jcca.org jcc circle3
children on outings to amusement parks and bowling. Theprimary obstacle to more programming, according to Rand,is inancial. Like many rum communities, the Breuer kehillais not wealthy—“The all-mighty dollar is not what they worship,” she says—and Rand is grateul to sponsors such asthe Jeannette & H. Peter Kriendler Charitable Trust, who undher program. “We’re not turning anyone away because they can’t pay,” she says.In Borough Park (usually spelled Boro Park by residents), alarge group o modestly dressed women, their hair covered by close-itting turbans or kerchies, exercise vigorously tothe beat o a pop tune in the Boro Park YM-YWHA. Onanother loor, a group o elderly Holocaust survivorslisten to a religious lecture, while little girls rom theBobov Hasidic sect answer their teachers in Yiddishin rented space nearby. “Boro Park is more and moreHasidish every day,” says Executive Director Ellie Kastel,who struggles to get the idea across to her community that the Y is more than just “gym and swim.” Sensitiveto the norms o her members, Kastel programs so thatmen and women are rarely in the building at the sametime. Programs are segregated by sex and by age, exceptor special community-wide events, such as a health airsponsored by a local hospital.Because o their devotion to Jewish learning,rum Jews aren’t looking or the kind o Jewisheducation that JCCs usually oer. Many o themdon’t participate in popular culture, and they takepolitical direction rom their leaders. Social andmental-health services also come rom the rabbis. The mixo JCC programming that interests them tends to be limitedto itness and practical skills. O course, there’s always theexception, and a group o women at the Boro Park Y werehappily expressing their creativity through oil paintings—still lies and portraits.“We are very alert and cognizant o their needs,” says AvaBlau, program and membership director. Still, Kastel knowsthat some o the local rabbis urge their ollowers not to usethe Y. They are earul, she says, that their children will meetkids rom other groups. Her goal is to convince them “thatwhat we do here is not
treyf
.” This is not a small matter whenworking within an ultra-Orthodox community; anotherBrooklyn Y in Williamsburgh, also a Hasidic neighborhood,closed many years ago over mixed dancing among seniors.Boro Park is not a wealthy community, although Kastel saysthat the population ranges rom billionaires to paupers.According to the Metropolitan Council on Jewish Poverty,an agency that advocates or New York’s Jewish poor, twothirds o the community lives below or near the poverty line. Thirty percent o residents below 25 have no high-school degree and the great majority do not attend college.Many speak English poorly, according to Kastel, and they work in small community businesses or as tradesmen i they can’t get jobs in the many yeshivas. The Y oers programsto help people get GED degrees, and has run some ESLand computer programs. Despite the widespread poverty,the ultra-Orthodox community has a well-established andpervasive tzedakah network and believes in taking care o its own, so Jews are ed and dressed and educated, whetherthey have money or not. But income level aects whetherthey can support their JCC, and whether they can serve onits board.“It’s very expensive to live a Jewish lie,” says Rina Shkolnik,the executive director o the JCC o the Five Towns inCedarhurst, New York, an aluent area on Long Islandthat has become increasingly ultra-Orthodox over the last15 years. Shkolnik, who is a native Israeli, describes hercommunity as very diverse, with “those who go with the skirtsto the knee and those who go with the skirts to the ankle.”Although she has several ultra-Orthodox members on herboard o directors, she understands that it’s hard or many to support the JCC. “Those who live in Far Rockaway can’tsupport like those who live in Lawrence. But as a JCC, weshould support everyone,” she says. Despite the area’s highincome level, Shkolnik says the JCC eeds 125 amilies romits ood pantry every week—“we’re talking about youngamilies as well as elderly”—including more than ity amiliesrom the ultra-Orthodox community.
N
ot surprisingly, most o these JewishCommunity Centers are in themetropolitan New York City area, wherethe mass o ultra-Orthodox Jews live.Two hundred and ity thousand
frum,
or highly observant, Jews live in BoroughPark, Brooklyn alone, the largestcommunity outside o Israel. Overall, theultra-Orthodox population in the United States is estimated ata hal million. Since JCCs are committed to serving the peoplewho live in their neighborhoods, as well as all Jews, those JCCslocated in rum areas work hard to understand the needs o their neighbors and how to satisy them.To the unknowing eye, rum Jews may seem all alike, but that’snot true. The community is varied, and includes Hasidim(those loyal to speciic rabbinic dynasties, such as Satmar orGer);
yeshivish
(non-Hasidic, with an allegiance to a speciic yeshiva or school o learning); modern Orthodox gravitatingtoward the right and taking on the liestyle choices o the morerigorously observant; and people who move rom one groupto another, such as the businessman who works with womenduring the day and dons a Hasid’s
shtreimel
, a lat hat trimmedwith ur, and a long black coat or Shabbat. Add to thesedistinctions ancestral geographic divisions, such as Hungarian,German, Polish, Bukharan, and more, and the general socio-economic eatures o education and income level, and youhave a real mix. JCCs serve all o these dierent groups,adapting to meet the needs o their individual communities.The YM-YWHA o Washington Heights & Inwood at thenorthern tip o Manhattan is located in a community intransition. “Up here, it’s like a mini UN,” says Cyndi Rand,the Y’s Jewish educator. In addition to a group o Holocaustsurvivors, the Y serves Hispanic, Arican-American, andRussian residents, as well as the Breuer
kehilla
or community.Not well known even in New York City, this ultra-Orthodoxgroup settled in Washington Heights when they let Frankurt,Germany in the 1930s, escaping the rise o Hitler. Seeking toreconstitute themselves, the new immigrants established theYeshiva Samuel Samson Hirsch, named ater the great rabbiwho ounded the original kehilla in opposition to the Reormmovement. “It’s a
Yekkisheh
(German) community,” Rand says,“very respectul, very proper.” The kehilla supports severalsynagogues and
shtiebelach
, or small prayer groups, as wellas a preschool, an elementary school, and the yeshiva. Randdevised a program or preschool and elementary-aged boys andgirls, which oers arts and crats, drama, sports, karate, andcomputers in same-sex groups. “It runs on Fridays because thekids get out o school at 12 o’clock,” Rand says, and mothersare eager or some ree time to prepare or Shabbat. The Rav, orchie rabbi, approved hiring non-Jewish counselors as long asRand could guarantee that the children would not interact withchildren who were not Jewish. Since these children are in publicschool on Friday aternoons, Rand could comply.Any JCC program or the ultra-Orthodox must be “totally ontheir terms,” she said, an observation echoed by all the JCCswho work with rum Jews. Rand emphasized that she mustcooperate with leaders o the community to be successul,which means in practical terms that she has to sell the rabbison the worth o any program she wants to oer. She believesthey recognize that children need social and recreationaloutlets. “You live in Manhattan, you don’t have a backyard.They don’t have television, they don’t go to the movies. Nocentral air conditioning.” Because she hersel is Orthodox andsends her ive children to day schools, she believes the rabbisand the parents trust her, and she’s been able to take the
Te Glatt Koser JCC:
How JCCs Serve the Ultra-Orthodox
by Miriam Rinn
Any JCC program for theultra-Orthodox must be
totall
on their terms
Think of the typical JCC user. Are you imagining a man dressedin a black suit and black felt hat in August? A woman wearingan ankle-length skirt, long sleeves, and a
sheitel
, or wig?Probably not. Yet there are JCCs that successfully serve theultra-Orthodox community, and upend common stereotypesabout JCCs and the ultra-Orthodox while doing so.