Biofueland ProsperityMyth
(FIELD STUDY ON BIOFUEL PROGRAM IN JAMBIPROVINCE)Cooperation with Sawit Watch andSupported by MISEREOR
Introduction
The rocketing of price of Oil Fuel which now broke the figure of US$ 100/barrel per October 2007,added by flaming in Middle East which never subsided, and the reserve of oil fuel which onlysufficed for two decades ahead, added again with the condition of worsening of global climate inconsequence of the energy use of oil fuel which was sourcing from fossil, the coal more pushedvarious world hemispheres including Indonesia to think seriously looking for alternative fuel whichof course had the bright future.This alternative fuel was expected to be able to answer the entire issues above. Actually, thedevelopment of alternative energy had been started since 1970-s, and had become the globalprogram when the price of oil fuel jumped up raising. The alternative energy program thendisappeared in the years of 1990-s in line with the return of the oil fuel price to normal price. Butnow all parties were back made to realize about the important of renewable energy use, when theclimate crisis that was caused by the use of fossil enegry was more causing apprehension.The use of renewable energy having a source from the vegetable raw material actually was a wiseaction, beside environment-friendly, could also open the new work place in the rural area.According to the government of Indonesia, the biofuel project which became the mainstay of supplying the alternative energy coming from the plant producing this oil would create the workplace of 3-5 million work place (
Kompas
, 13 March 2007). In line with this tendency, it was nothingwrong if the government of Indonesia increasingly planned and carried out various programs togradually increase the biofuel production with CPO raw material and castor oil. Not only for fillingthe global consumption would the oil need from oil fuel, but the domestic consumption could notalso be said small. If in the domestic scale the energy use from the petroleum fuel reached 65million kiloliter or equivalent to 64 billion liter/year with the detail of transportation sector pervading48%, industry 19%, household 18% and electrical matters 15% per year, thus for globalconsumption, the demand of diesel fuel energy and world kerosene reached 2,487 million ton/year.Thus nothing wrong if it was said that the dependence on the petroleum energy was really high.Meaning the future of alternative energy would be bright as the replacement of fossil petroleum.When the dream to become the palm oil producer as food stuff could not afford to wrap upMalaysian country, thus the dream was then diverted to the hope to become the producer of rawmaterial for biggest alternative energy in the world, although the first dream was not vanished fromthe mind of the government of Indonesia. Climate suitabillity, land area, availability of cheapmanpower made the plant of raw material producer grow healthy in this country. And another reality that Malaysia experienced the stagnation of estate expansion except for Serawak andSabah in Kalimantan opening the change of Country of Indonesia not only as the producer of rawmaterial for food stuff but also alternative energy /biofuel.As the umbrella for the interest of project provides the machine meal, the government issuedseveral policies to support the alternative energy project. There was the Government Rule No 52007 about the national energy policy, the Presidential Instruction No 1 2006 about the supply andmake use of biofuel as alternative energy, the Presidential Decree No 10 2006 about the formationof national team on Biofuel development in order to accelerate this project more proved that “the
wet” of this project. There would be the time where the palm oil product no longer ended in theshopping center for food, and cosmetics, but it ended in SPBU.When the biofuel project now became the focus, not only at the elite level but also at the lowestcommunity level, although actually they did not know the substance of the Biofuel itself, had madethe land, estate, wet field, oil palm tree, to become the things which were seized, had made manypeople did not care about another food crops. And when this project run, and had become thedead price for the future issue, the question was: Was it capable Biofuel to answer the povertyissue and to clean the climate? Or even this “irrational imitative behavior” more dissapeared smallpeople in poverty, hunger potential, and more warming the earth?To find out clearer about the answers of some questions above, we explained about the povertypotential, hunger and the potential of earth warming in this report then taken from fieldinvestigation, document research and data related to biofuel project and impacted mainly in Jambiprovince.
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