Professional Documents
Culture Documents
seedling establishment
Disadvantages
• Time to maturity
• Apple trees grown from seed may grow for
10 years before bearing fruit
• Potatoes grown from seed take 2 years to
produce tubers
Important criteria for
seeds used in propagation
• Stratification
• Scarification
Methods of seeding
Direct seeding
• Seeds are planted where the plants will
grow to maturity or harvest
• Convenient to use
• Adaptable to mechanization
• Not well suited for very small seed
• Obtaining a good stand of plants requires
soil preparation
Methods of seeding
Indirect seeding
• Two stage process with seeds germinated in
a nursery before being transplanted to field
• Ensures good stand establishment
• Crop matures earlier
• Increased costs
• More difficult to mechanize
• Higher level of crop management
Conditions for seed
germination
Direct seeding
• preparation of seed bed
• good contact between soil particles and
seeds facilitates uptake of water into seed
• planting at appropriate depth
• deep enough so the soil doesn’t dry out
• shallow enough that the seed will emerge
before its reserves are exhausted
Germination requires oxygen
• Hydroseeding
• Spray application of primed seed in a mix
containing mulch and fertilizer
Other seeding methods
• Liquid drilling
• Seeds are germinated under controlled
conditions, until the radicle emerges
• Germinated seeds are mixed into a gel that
contains fertilizer
• Mixture is sown in prepared field
• Pre-germinated seed promotes rapid growth
of seedling
Conclusions