SCIENCE

ANSWERING
TECHNIQUE
FOR SECTION B
 Science Process Skills
 OBSERVATION
 INFERENCE/Reason
 CONTROLLING VARIABLES :-

* What to change/manipulated
* What to observe / measure/responded
* What to keep the same/fixed
 INTERPRETING DATA :-

* Trend of change
* Relationship(hypothesis)
* Aim/purpose
*Conclusion
 PREDICTING
 APLICATION QUESTIONS 2
 CONTROLLING VARIABLES:-
Naming the :
i . Things to be changed (WTC)
ii. Things to be observe ( WTO)
iii. Things to be kept the same (WTS)
The things to be observed is the result of the
things that to be changed. At the same time ,
the things to be kept the same are kept
constant or the same .

Reminder! Every variables have to state :-

Measurement / characteristic
Weight + Materials
Example :-
Measurement / characteristic
Weight + Materials = ball 3

Example on variables = Weight of ball

 VARIABLES

WHAT TO KEEP THE SAME VARIABLE

FIX / SAME / DOES NOT EFFECT THE FAIR TEST

WHAT TO CHANGE VARIABLE

THINGS THAT CHANGES / THINGS THAT AFFECT THE FAIR
TEST

WHAT TO OBSERVE / MEASURE VARIABLE

RESULT OF THE FAIR TEST / INVESTIGATION
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Exercise 1 :-

Measurement / Things/
characteristics Matter
Length pillar
Temperature Water
Size Tin
Types Surface
Shape Container
Time Ice melts 5
State the measurement for the materials below .

MEASUREMENT/
CHARACTERISTICS MATERIALS

SIZE
NUMBERS
TYPES
SHAPE
CONTAINER
TEMPERATURE
SURFACE AREA
COLOUR
THICKNESS
VOLUME

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 Plant P Q R S

Volume of water (ml) 50 100 150 200

Number of flower 5 7 10 14
produced

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a) State the change of pattern in the number of
flowers produced.

b) What is the aim of this fair test?

c) State the relationship between the volume of

water and the number of flowers produced
d) What is the conclusion of this fair test?

e) Predict the number of flowers produced if 250

ml of water is used.
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 2. The statement below shows an observation recorded by
a researcher about the population of animal X in state Y.

 In 1990, 200 animals x were found. A year after that, 153

animals X were still alive. In 1992, 23 of animal X were
missing. In 1993, only 56 of animals X were found.

Year Number of X
animals
1990 200
1991 153
1992 130
1993 56 9
3. Table 1 shows Samat’s observation in his
practical science book.

Ball X Y
Time taken for the ball to 5 9
hit the floor after it is
released/second

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a) What is the aim of the investigation?

b) State two information gathered from the statement

above.

c) What is the pattern for the change of animal X that still

survive every year?

d) Predict the number of animals X still alive in 1992.

e) What conclusion can be drawn from the information

above?

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a) State one observation about the time taken for the
ball X and ball Y to hit the floor after released from
the table.
b) Give two reasons based on the observation in (a)
c) State the relationship between what can you change
with reason 1 above and what you can measure.
d) From your answer in (c) , state the things that you
can
i) Change:
ii) measure:
iii) keep the same:

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 The number of swings depends on the length of strings

i) What is the relationship between the two

variable in the statement above?
…………………………………………………………………………

The speed of the vehicles will affect the time taken for them to arrive at
their destination

i) State one conclusion based on the statement

above
…………………………………………………………………………
 The amount of the water evaporated from the container is related to the
surface area of the water in the container

Based on the statement above, state one

hypothesis between the variables?
…………………………………………………………………………

The base area of the object also affects stability

State two information need to be gathered in the

statement above?
…………………………………………………………………………