Ministry of Education and Culture

Republic Institute for Protection of

Historical and Natural Heritage of
the Republic of Srpska

Memorial Area
Donja Gradina – Kozarska Dubica
 Poplar Tree of Horror

PROJECT FOR
CONSERVATION AND RESTORATION WORKS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ABOUT THE MEMORIAL

AREA
2. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ABOUT THE PROJECT
3. INTRODUCTION
3.1 Project Task
3.2. Project Design Guidelines

STAGE А

4. CONSERVATION AND RESTORATION WORKS ON

POPLAR OF HORROR
4.1. Historical background
4.2 . Photo-documentation
5. REPORT ON RESULTS
5.1. Information-documentation basis
5.2. Previous research and conservation and restoration works
5.3. Photographs of units and details
6. CONSERVATORY METHODOLOGY
6.1. Defining the condition and cause of damage
6.2. Conservation and restoration works with methodology
6.3. Technical documentation
7. PRICED BILL OF QUANTITIES FOR STAGE A

STAGE B

8. EXPERT OPINION ON THE STABILITY OF STEEL

BEARERS OF POPLAR OF HORROR
8.1. Priced bill of quantities

2
 9. MONETARY RESOURCES FOR PERFORMING WORKS
IN STAGES A AND B
10. TIME SCHEDULE FOR PERFORMING WORKS

1. BACKGROUND INFORMATION ABOUT THE MEMORIAL

AREA

1.1. Name of Memorial Area the part of which is the location

Public Institution Memorial Area Donja Gradina

1.2. Name of the location

Poplar Tree of Horror

1.3. Memorial Area

Memorial Area Jasenovac was formed in 1968, and Donja Gradina is its part.
After the break-up of SFRY, Donja Gradina and the localities on the right-hand bank
of the Una and Sava rivers remained in the Republic of Srpska / Bosnia and Herzegovina.
In November 1996 the National Assembly of the Republic of Srpska passed the Law
on Donja Gradina Memorial Area which governed the status of this Memorial Area.

1.4. Number and date of the decision of the National Assembly on determining
the status
The Law on Donja Gradina Memorial Area, which governs its status, was passed by virtue of
the Decision of the Republic of Srpska National Assembly, no. 02-871/96 dated 09 July 1996.
According to the decision of the Republic of Srpska National Assembly of 15 December
2008, Law on Amendments to the Law on Donja Gradina Memorial Area was passed.

3
 1.5. Number of “ RS Official Gazette “ in which the decision was published.
The Law on Donja Gradina Memorial Area was published in the Republic of Srpska Official
Gazette, no. 16/96;
The Law on Amendments to the Law on Donja Gradina Memorial Area was published in the
Republic of Srpska Official Gazette, no. 1/09.

1.6. Place, Municipality (street and address)

Donja Gradina, 79290 Kozarska Dubica,

1.7. Name (Company name) of the owner, i.e. user and address
Public Institution Memorial Area Donja Gradina

2. GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE PROJECT

2.1. Name of the project

Project of conservation and restoration works on Poplar Tree of Horror in Donja
Gradina Memorial Area

2.2. Type of project

Conservation – restoration works on Poplar Tree of Horror

2.3. Party commissioning the project

Ministry of Education and Culture of the Republic of Srpska and Public Institution
Donja Gradina Memorial Area

2.4. Project implementer

Republic’s Institute for the Protection of Cultural and Historical Heritage of the
Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka

2.5. Responsible person

4
 director Goran Milojevic, B.Sc. Arch.

2.6. Project design manager

Milica Kotur, MA, BSc. conservation-restoration
Introduction and Stage A

2.7. Making of Stage B

Radovan Belesin, B.Sc. Construction Eng.

2.8. Collaborators on the project

Vanja Dursun Sotra, MA
Nebojsa Milicevic, B.A. Communicology

3. INTRODUCTION

3.1 Project task

The current condition of Donja Gradina Memorial Area is quite bad and requires
taking of urgent measures on conservation and restoration. This is especially evident in
Poplar Tree of Horror, one of the most horrendous witnesses of crimes committed by the
Ustashe during World War II.
Thousands of innocent people were tortured in a most horrifying way and then hanged
on the Poplar Tree of Horror.
In 1978 the Poplar Tree was destroyed in a storm, as its interior was rotten in the
lower part.
At that time the tree and the metal wedge that had been preserved were protected and
conserved and the poplar tree was placed horizontally on metal bearers.

5
 In September 1995, during the war, the Poplar tree was hit by an inflammable
projectile. Its lower part caught fire and the tree was dislocated from its position on the
bearers by about fifty centimeters in the direction North-South. The flame additionally
devastated the damaged structure of the tree.
The poplar is situated on a small plateau in the proximity of the mouth of the Una into
the Sava, where the concentration of moist is high.
All this significantly contributed to its current bad condition, and has led to the
necessity of taking protection measures as soon as possible.
Due to the great importance that it has, both from historical and memorial point of
view, and the complexity of the issue in the conservation sense, the Poplar Tree of Horror
requires carrying out of a comprehensive analysis.
The project task of conservation and restoration works on Poplar Tree of Horror is
related to defining the cause of damage, defining the condition as it was found, as well as the
protection measures in order to make the best possible project documentation and create the
most adequate methodological and technological procedures during conservation and
restoration works.

3.2. Project design guidelines

Guidelines for making the Project of Conservation and Restoration of Poplar Tree
of Horror in Donja Gradina Memorial Area, relate to stages A and B of the project.
Stage A implies dealing with the historical problematic in the introduction, as well as
defining of the following:
• previously applied conservatory procedures,
• cause of damage,
• current condition and
• methodology of conservation and restoration works on repair of Poplar Tree of
Horror with the
• envisioned degree of presentation.

6
 Stage B implies static approach in defining the condition of bearers of the poplar tree,
as well as guidelines for making the roof structure above the Poplar Tree of Horror that will
directly protect it from exposure to weather impacts and provide it with appropriate
conditions.

STAGE A

4.0. CONSERVATION-RESTORATION WORKS ON POPLAR

TREE OF HORROR
4.1. Historical background

Donja Gradina Memorial Area is located in a village that has the same name, in the
municipality Kozarska Dubica.
About 700.000 men, women and children were killed in the most horrendous way in
the Ustashe concentration camp Jasenovac from August 1941 to April 1945. Of this number,
about 360.000 innocent victims were killed in the area of Donja Gradina, which is the biggest
and direst Nazi execution place in former Yugoslavia and a third one by its size and atrocities
committed in it in the occupied Europe.

The biggest place of execution of the concentration camp Jasenovac was in the area
covered by Donja Gradina Memorial Area. The history of Donja Gradina is inseparable from
the history of Jasenovac, the Ustashe death camp.
According to research carried out so far, the Ustashe killed more than 365.000
innocent men, women and children. Most inmates in the concentration camp Jasenovac,
which was situated on the left bank of the Sava river, were transported on a ferry across the
river to Donja Gradina, killed and buried in mass graves. This Ustashe death factory was
active from fall 1941 to April 1945. 105 mass graves were discovered in the area of Donja
Gradina, divided in 9 grave fields.

7
 In this Memorial Area, in the place where the Una flows into the Sava, “Poplar Tree
of Horror” or “Fr Satan’s Poplar Tree”, as it was called by the inmates, is located,
representing a natural monument, which testifies of most horrifying crimes committed by the
Ustashe.
Under the poplar tree and on it, thousands of men, women and children were hanged,
who were most horrendously tortured before hanging. In tortures before the hanging, the
cruelest person was the Ustashe major Miroslav Filipovic Majstorovic, called “Fr Satan” by
the camp inmates.
After World War II, Poplar was one of the most important symbols of Donja Gradina
execution place.
In 1978 Poplar was knocked down in a storm.
Then the tree as well as the metal wedges that were preserved on it, was protected and
conserved, and the poplar was placed horizontally within the metal bearers.
In Donja Gradina one can find the remains of the Ustashe “Soap factory”, in which
the Ustashe made soap of fat parts of inmates’ bodies. The remains of this factory include
three cauldrons, three lids, a depositor, a high-pressure receptacle with a lid and a separator.
These are silent witnesses of dreadful crimes committed in the Ustashe camp
Jasenovac.
Under the Law on Construction and Financing Donja Gradina Memorial Area (SR
BiH Official Gazette, no. 13/75), Donja Gradina was proclaimed a memorial area after which
works were pursued on its development.
Until the last war, from 1991 to 1995, Donja Gradina Memorial Area was part of the
memorial complex Jasenovac forming a “Memorial Area Jasenovac-Gradina”, the aim of
which, as an institution, was research, presentation and maintenance of the complex
Jasenovac-Gradina.
After the break-up of former Yugoslavia, the Memorial Area disintegrated too. Part of
the complex that was situated on the left bank of the Sava was assigned to the Republic of
Croatia and the part that was located on the right bank, i.e. Donja Gradina, to the Republic of
Srpska, BiH.

8
 By virtue of the decision of the Republic of Srpska National Assembly, no. 02-871/96
dated 09 July 1996, a law was passed on Donja Gradina Memorial Area that regulated the
status of this memorial complex.
Donja Gradina Memorial Area is a historical area, which, with its many mass graves,
represents a most poignant testimony of unprecedented suffering and tragedy of innocent
victims in World War II. As such, Donja Gradina is one of the biggest memorial areas in our
history calling for both present and future generations to bow before the suffering of the
victims perished there.

4.2 .Photo-documentation

9
Satellite image and the position of Poplar Tree of Horror (in red circle)
5. REPORT ON THE RESULTS
5.1. Information-documentation basis

- Program of Development of Donja Gradina Memorial Area, Urban planning

Institute BiH, Sarajevo 1977
- Space plan of Donja Gradina Memorial Area – pre-draft, Urban planning Institute
BiH, Sarajevo 1992
- Regulation plan of part of the immediate area of Donja Gradina Memorial Area
„Donja Gradina Village“, Urban planning Institute BiH, Sarajevo 1981.
- Horticultural Development of Donja Gradina Memorial Area, main design,
Sarajevo, Sept. 1981.
- Information Center of Donja Gradina Memorial Area– main design, Sarajevo,
Jan. 1981
- Expert opinion on restoration of “Soap Factory” and “Poplar Tree of Horror” in
Donja Gradina Memorial Area, 2003. Republic’s Institute for Protection of Cultural
and Historical Heritage of Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka
- Law on Donja Gradina Memorial Area 1975.
- Law on Donja Gradina Memorial Area 1996, published in Republic of Srpska Official
Gazette, no. 16/96;
- Law on Amendments to the Law on Donja Gradina Memorial Area published in the
Republic of Srpska Official Gazette, no. 1/09

10
Program of Development of Donja Gradina Memorial Area, Urban Planning Institute BiH,
Sarajevo 1977

11
Space Plan of Donja Gradina Memorial Area – pre-draft, Urban planning Institute BiH,
Sarajevo 1992
5.2. Research and conservation works carried out so far

Poplar tree was knocked down in 1978 in a storm.

The tree rotted in the lower part due to age and high concentration of moist. In the
very vicinity the Una river flows into the Sava. During the storm under a blow of wind, the
tree fell down on the ground, and most of its branches were destroyed.

12
 At that time protection and conservation of the tree was done with metal wedges, and
the poplar was placed horizontally on three metal bearers.

Conservation and restoration works on Poplar Tree of Horror were carried out by the
Laboratory for Wood Protection R.O. Sipad-IRC OOUR “Sumarpojekt” from Sarajevo, with
participation of R.O. “Vranica” – Sarajevo, OOUR “Bobovac” – Vares. The works were
carried out in 1979.

5.3. Photograph of the whole tree and the details

13
Poplar Tree of Horror - as it looked before

Poplar Tree of Horror – as it looks today

14
 6. CONSERVATION TECHNOLOGY

6.1. Defining the condition and causes of damage

The present condition of “Poplar Tree of Horror”, as one of the most poignant witnesses
of Ustashe atrocities committed in World War II, is very bad, and requires taking of the
urgent measures on conservation and restoration.
The poplar tree is located on a small grass plateau, where the Una flows into the Sava,
along the local road.
The age of the tree as well as high concentration of moist, present in the place where the
tree grew contributed to rapid decomposition of the tree core. In 1978 the poplar was
knocked down in a storm, after which it lost its vital functions. It was easy for the tree to
crumble down in the storm, because the central part of the trunk had rotten, and was not
capable of holding a burden of big crown. Most branches were broken as the tree fell down
on the soil.
In the next year, 1979, works were carried out on protection and conservation of the tree
and of the metal wedges that were preserved on it. These works significantly helped slow
down the process of destruction and rotting. Parts were preserved by impregnation and
protected against further decomposition by laying the appropriate coatings.
Poplar was placed horizontally, on three metal bearers, specially designed for this purpose.
Such a way of presentation proved to be extremely good.

15
 Conservation restoration works on Poplar Tree of Horror were carried out by the
Laboratory for Protection of Wood R.O. Sipad – IRC. OOUR ''Sumaprojekt'' from Sarajevo
with participation of R.O. ''Vranica'' – Sarajevo, OOUR ''Bobovac''- Vares.

The dimensions of the tree Poplar of Horror, placed on horizontal bearers:

- northern side; (Sava river) length 16.9 meters; height 4.75 meters;
circumference 4.6 meters
- southern side; length 16.7 meters;
- eastern side; (top) width 12.3 meters
- western side; (lower part of the trunk) circumference 5.7 meters
- branch relying on the ground; length 11.6 meters; circumference 1.73
meters

Bad condition of the Poplar Tree has even more deteriorated after September 1995, when
it was hit by an inflammable projectile from the other bank of the Sava river, i.e. direction of
the Republic of Croatia.
The strong detonation dislocated the tree from where it lay on the steel construction
bearer.
The fire that broke out completely destroyed conservatory protection from year 1979.

16
 The northern part of the tree was burnt down during the fire, and the rest was very much
damaged and partly destroyed.
The central part of the trunk of the tree from the western side was burnt on the surface, and
in the sections that were not caught by fire large structural crevices were formed. On those
surfaces there are colonies of moss and Iceland moss the growth of which is helped by
hydroscopic structure of the tree and the lack of the protection layer.
During the explosion the longest branch from the southern side was dislocated from the
bearer. It also broke then and because of its weight and length is recumbent on the ground
from which it directly soaks in moist, hence the process of rotting and decaying is even more
accelerated.

17
 The remains of the tree that were not caught up by fire lost their stable structure, so that
surface and internal crevices were formed.
After destruction of conservation protection during fire, the tree was exposed to
atmospheric impacts without any obstructions. The biggest problems are created during the
winter by frost, and during the summer by the sun. Big temperature oscillations during the
year and direct exposure to atmospheric impacts contribute to accelerated process of decay.
The structure of the remains of the tree is currently in a very bad condition.
Most characteristic damage according to the degree of the risk includes the following:
− about 18% of the tree was destroyed in fire
− the trunk and the branches cracked in several places
− the structure of the tree is endangered, crevices of horizontal, vertical and
diagonal type are visible,
− on certain surfaces there are visible layers of moss, Iceland moss and plants
− surface layers of the tree are falling off

18
 Auxiliary bearers additionally secured the stability of the tree in its horizontal position.
Corrosion is visible on a larger surface.
Access part of the plateau near the “Poplar Tree of Horror” is in bad condition, as well as
the plateau itself, which is indicative of its general bad condition.

6.2. Conservation-restoration works and the methodology

Conservation-restoration works that would relate to “Poplar Tree of Horror” would

first of all imply consolidation of the structure of the tree that is endangered, which is, due to
its condition at risk of being completely destroyed.
General methodology relating to this problematic arising from our preliminary
research works implies the following set of procedures:

A. research works aimed at determining previously used chemicals, as well as the

condition of the structure of the tree by screening and sampling
Taking samples at the beginning of the works, and making analyses on the spot or in
an appropriate laboratory. Determine whether there are traces of original protection.
Use those samples later as points of reference in monitoring the condition.

19
B. securing the peripheral parts of the tree and preserved cracked branches
Peripheral parts of the tree are the parts that are most exposed to decay, due to the
composition of the trunk itself, where the fibers are cut horizontally and do not have
natural protection. This is where the tree is the most porous and therefore specific
treatment should be applied to those parts.
The branches that are cracked, and especially the longest branch on the southern side
which is, after the explosion, lying on the ground, because of its weight, should be
fixed. Fixing of the branch should be done through the central part by using tube-like
immobilizers made of stainless steel. Another method that can be applied is injecting
the mass that contains reinforcement particles in the central part of the tree into a
previously drilled channel.
As for the longest branch that was broken, after internal immobilization, an auxiliary
bearer should be placed on the external side. The bearer should be placed after
bringing the Poplar to the original position.

C. consolidation and immobilization of surface parts of wooden structure and

branches
In order to consolidate the decaying parts of the tree and stop the destructive
processes, the core should be stabilized. In order to make sure that the agent used for
consolidation is of appropriate composition and quality, tests should be carried out on
the spot and based on results most optimum proportions of the solution should be
established. Consolidating agent must have the following characteristics: deep
penetration, hydrophobic protection and the quality of achieved consolidation. On
wooden sections that are in advanced stage of decay due to porosity and the power of
soaking, they should be immersed until saturation, i.e. total impregnation. After that
investigate pressure strength, and carry out crystallization test.

D. removing layers of dirt, moss and mould

20
 Surface layers of dirt, moss and mould should be removed by using mechanical and
chemical agents.
Moss and mould should be removed mechanically wherever possible. Chemical
agents should be used only in places where necessary, without allowing the solution
to penetrate into the tree structure, thus enabling a better control.

E. destroying worm hole using insecticides and fungicides

After completed treatment of mechanical and chemical removal of layers of dirt, moss
and mould, apply the fungicide protection agent. Agent should be applied by soaking
with the possibility of application of the prolonged effect method, in order for the
fungicide to penetrate as deeply as possible into the tree structure, and prolong its
effect, all to the end of making sure that the worm hole is destroyed in the most
efficient manner.

F. injecting appropriate injection mass into the internal structure of the tree by using
the special pressure-regulated injectors
Injection mass that is chemically compatible in terms of composition with the original
wood structure is used for filling the cracks, while aggregate as filler must have fine
granulation. When injected under a certain pressure, the mass penetrates into the
deepest pores. Consolidation of structural cracks is done by the methodology from
previously described procedures and applications. Micro- and macro- cracks must be
sealed because structural compactness as well as the stability of the bearer is restored
and precipitation is prevented from penetrating into the core of the tree.

G. removing the burnt parts of the tree

The conservation approach itself allows treating the burnt parts in two ways:
• Conserve all the burnt parts of the tree and preserve them against further
decaying because they are a witness of past times, or
• Remove the layers of the burnt tree mechanically with the possibility to
control the depth of action. Once the satisfactory level is reached, perform

21
 conservatory works. In one section leave the burnt surface for the purpose of
display.

H. filling the missing sections with appropriate retouch substances

Solutions and fillers, the composition and properties of which, i.e. compatibility,
diffusion, appearance and colour conform to the original structure and textures, are
used to fill the damaged sections.
For this type of works it is the best to use the aggregate of the same origin and
composition. Bigger damage should be filled up to 1 mm from the surface of treated
section, then wait for a certain time, and then apply the retouch mass that will adjust
the original section and the filling in terms of colour. Final structural treatment is
done by hand polishing.

I. protective impregnation
Final protective impregnation is done by agents specifically prepared for this purpose.
By their chemical composition, the agents must be compatible with all the solutions
applied to that point.
The type of protective impregnation that will be used must have high resistance to
frost, high temperatures and must be waterproof and have good wood adhesion.

J. putting the tree back to its original place on the bearer

The tree was dislocated from its original horizontal position. After the explosion, the
tree was moved in the direction north-south along a 50-70 cm stretch.
The tree was placed horizontally on three vertical bearers. The metal bearers have
smaller auxiliary bearers that additionally secured stability of horizontally placed tree.
The tree should be brought back to its original position for security reasons.
This procedure should be done with the use of cranes that will have an especially
prepared cable with safety pads on their ends. Failing to comply with f these would
cause the Poplar to break because of the length of the tree and unbalanced weights.

22
 This is a very complex process and requires special preparation of both the tree and
mechanization.

K. protection of the metal bearer with appropriate means

The poplar is relying on three metal bearers.
The bearers are made of steel and are presently in relatively good condition.
Necessary works relating to the metal structure would imply:
- removal of the corrosion layers by anti-corrosion agents made by renowned
manufacturer
- putting the basic layer on the cleaned metal part
- putting the protective layer on the metal part
- putting the final layer of metal protection

L. making of the roof structure above the Poplar Tree of Horror

Making of the roof above the Poplar Tree of Horror is one of the most
necessary protection measures. Once the conservation restoration work is done, the
cultural asset itself will be protected, however it will not have appropriate quality
conditions. By making a roof structure over the Poplar as well as around it, direct
influence of rain and frost will not be possible during the winter, while in the summer
direct exposure to the sun and high temperatures will be avoided.
The roof structure will also help prolong the period of effect of quality
conservation restoration protection.

23
6.3.Technical documentation

drawings:
• southern side of the Poplar Tree of Horror (drawing 1)
• western side of Poplar Tree of Horror (drawing 2)
• drawing of the construction bearers (drawing 3)
• southern side –burnt sections(drawing 4)
• western side-burnt sections (drawing 5)

24
 7. PRICED BILL OF QUANTITIES - STAGE A
Based on the above-mentioned works, the following project values are derived, including
the following items:
Type of works Project value
1. Research works on determining previously used 950 КМ
chemicals, as well as the condition of structure of the
tree by scanning and sampling

2. Securing the edge parts of the tree and the preserved 5600 КМ
cracked branches

3. Consolidation and immobilization of surface parts of 7230 КМ

wooden structure and branches

4. Removing the layers of dirt, moss and mould by 3700 КМ

chemical agents and mechanically
5. Destroying worm hole by insecticides and fungicides 2200 КМ

6. Injecting the appropriate injection mass in the internal 8800КМ

structure of the tree using special pressure-regulated
injectors

7. Removing the burnt parts of the tree 1200 КМ

25
 8. Filling the missing sections with appropriate retouch 11300 КМ
mass

9. Protective impregnation 2300КМ

10. Returning the tree to the original place on the bearer 1200 КМ

Total project value of the works amounts to 44 480 КМ

26
27
STAGE B

8. EXPERT OPINION ON THE STABILITY OF STEEL

BEARERS OF POPLAR OF HORROR

Poplar Tree of Horror relies on three steel bearers. Steel bearers were made of UNP
bearers welded into a case bearer, and form three independent frames.
Frames are founded via the concrete-made foundations.
Based on the visual inspection of the bearers we can say that there is certain damage on them
that will be described in the text below.

28
 The condition of concrete foundations has not been checked, i.e. the foundations have
not been dug out. Considering the relatively low level of load exerted on the foundations we
can say with high degree of certainty that the foundations of the steel frames are in the
satisfactory condition.
The following damage has been observed on steel frames:
- Surface corrosion. Protective paint has come off
in a number of places, in which corrosion
appeared. The degree of corrosion is not such to
significantly impair the cross section, or to
endanger the stability of elements. Although the
stability of steel frames is not endangered, all
steel elements must be cleaned from corrosion
and coated with appropriate anti-corrosive
protection. Cleaning of elements from corrosion
may be done by sandblasting until the metal glow is achieved.

- Holes on steel elements made by shell pieces. This type of damage is spread and is
present on almost all steel elements. Holes made by shell pieces are not of the
nature to endanger the stability of the construction. The areas around this damage
show the presence of corrosion of steel. This damage can be repaired by cleaning
the steel by sandblasting until the metal glow is achieved, and then by filling the
hole with adequate putty, cutting the area around the hole, and weld the “stain” of
sheet metal. After welding, the weld joint should be ground so that after coating
with anti-corrosive protection the colour of the repair area is invisible. It is
noteworthy that this type of damage does not need to be repaired but can be left as
a testimony of a past time. In that case only corrosion should be cleaned and anti-
corrosive protection applied.

29
- Local deformities of horizontal steel-made bearers. This type of damage is of local
nature and has been caused by overloading in certain places. Having in mind
relatively low level of load, as well as the big size of steel frames, we believe that
this damage does not jeopardize the stability of frames. No activities on removing
this damage have been proposed.

30
- Deformities of vertical steel bearers. This type of damage is manifested through
dilation of case-like bearers as a consequence of filling the cases with rain, and
freezing of water in them. Damage would not be removed, but it is necessary to
place the steel lid from the upper side of the case in order to prevent penetration of
precipitation in the future.

- Having in mind that the poplar was moved from its original place (which is a
consequence of the direct hit of the shell), certain steel props have lost their
function, and need to be removed and replaced by the new ones that will be
functional. This is done by cutting the existing steel props, after which the
connection area should be ground up to the case-like bearers and the new props
should be placed in an appropriate area, which would be determined on the spot.

- The foundation construction has not been dug, so that it was not possible to
inspect steel in the area of connection with the foundation construction. The
assumption is that these areas were affected by surface corrosion, and that it is
necessary to dig out the area around the steel posts to reach concrete, clean steel

31
 from corrosion, by sandblasting until the metal glow is achieved, and carry out
adequate anti-corrosive protection.
Taking into account the damage listed above, we can conclude that the stability of the
steel bearers themselves is not at risk, and that the observed damage is a consequence of
exposure of the structure to atmospheric impact and vandalism. In order to prevent corrosion
and other type of damage from spreading, the above activities should be undertaken.
8.2. Priced bill of quantities
All the above works may be categorized in a number of groups:
Type of works Project value

1. Sandblasting of steel elements until the metal glow 500 КМ

is achieved.

2. Repairing geometrical irregularities by laying putty 200 КМ

with all necessary actions including rubbing down
until the area is flat with the basic material.

3. Removing steel props and replacing them with 250 КМ

other, together with placing steel lids and other
small-scale welding and cutting.

4. Protection of steel elements by anti-corrosion 200 КМ

coatings

5. Painting the steel elements with paint that will be 150 КМ

determined at a later stage

Based on the cost determined above for individual

items, we can say that its amount for activities on the steel
construction would total to about 1300 КМ

32
 At the same time, we should underline the need to make a roof structure that would
protect the Poplar. The roof structure would be constructed according to a separate project.

Type of works Project value

6. If the roof structure is open from all sides (which is

the most inexpensive solution) for the presumed 95000 КМ
dimensions of the roof structure of 25/15 meters,
the estimate is that the value of works on its
construction would be about 250 КМ/m2

The total amount of the above-mentioned items is 96300КМ

9. FUNDS NECESSARY FOR PERFORMING THE WORKS FOR

STAGES A AND B

Based on the above-mentioned priced bill of quantities, we arrived at the following:

Value of works for Stage A 44 480 КМ

Value of works for Stage B 96 300 КМ
-----------------

Total amount is 140 780 КМ

33
10. TIME PLANNED FOR PERFORMING WORKS

The time period envisioned for carrying out of conservation – restoration works on Poplar
Tree of Horror in Donja Gradina Memorial Area according to Stages A and B is 150 working
days.

Protocol no. 07/1.22/624-666/09.

Banja Luka, on 20 August, 2009

Project design manager:

Milica Kotur, MA
BSc. conservation-restoration

cc:
1. Minister in the RS Ministry of Education and Culture
2. Assistant minister in the RS Ministry of Education and Culture
3. Director of the Institute
4. Department of Research and Valorization of the Institute
5. Public Institution Donja Gradina
6. files

34