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5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
a.m. a.m. a.m. a.m. a.m. a.m. a.m. a.m. p.m. p.m. p.m. p.m. p.m. p.m. p.m.
DECLARE
DISASTER
10 a.m.
RPO: Amount of data lost from failure, RTO: Targeted amount of time to restart a
measured as the amount of time from a business service after a disaster event
disaster event
• Disaster Tolerance
– Providing redundancy between data centers to restore the service
quickly (tens of minutes) after certain disasters (dedicated equipments)
• Power loss
• Fire, flood, earthquake
• Sabotage, terrorism
Source: Best practices for Continuous Application Availability, Gartner Data Center Conference, 2008
Hours of downtime
per year
per IT service
Source: Best practices for Continuous Application Availability, Gartner Data Center Conference, 2008
DB Tier
DBCI DBCI
servers in servers in
Cluster Cluster
Application
Tier
Application Servers Application Servers
Primary Site
(ACTIVE) DR Site
Storage
Storage
SAN Synchronous Replication SAN VG
VG Asynchronous
Replication
SAN
Application files Application files Application files
Storage
Storage VG VG VG Storage
Storage
Volume
Volume VG
VG
Group
Group Archive logs VG Archive logs VG Archive logs VG
DBCI DBCI
servers in DBCI servers in
Cluster servers Cluster
Site C DR
Connectivity to DR Site
Synchronous replication moves data in real time so that the data center
and DR site contain the same data moment to moment, but synchronous
data transfers often need high-bandwidth
1) Ethernet
Traditional Ethernet ports support 10/100 Mbps -- far slower than Fibre
Channel. Ethernet bandwidth is increasing today and 10 Gigabit Ethernet
(10GigE) is widely available for data centers
2) Fibre Channel
Early FC implementations ran at 1 Gbps per port, and 2 Gbps reigned until
recently. Today, 4 Gbps FC is readily available and 10 Gbps implementations are
appearing on some high-end systems and director-class switches.
DR for a BSS Data Centre 34
3) iSCI (Internet Small Computer System Interface)
iSCSI to transfer data over LANs, WANs or the Internet and supports storage management
over long distances.
The emergence of iSCSI eases these challenges by encapsulating SCSI commands into IP
packets for transmission over an Ethernet connection, rather than a Fibre Channel
connection.
iSCSI still has two disadvantages for storage:-
• At 1 GigE, it does not perform as fast as Fibre Channel.
• And Ethernet will drop packets during network congestion.
These problems may be alleviated soon, thanks to the emergence of 10 GigE and Data
Center Ethernet
4) FCIP
. FCIP translates Fibre Channel commands and data into IP packets, which can be exchanged
between distant Fibre Channel SANs. It's important to note that FCIP only works to connect
Fibre Channel SANs, but iSCSI can run on any Ethernet network.
5) FCoE
Storage vendors are working on a Fibre Channel over Ethernet (FCoE) standard to enable
SAN and LAN convergence
DR for a BSS Data Centre 35
Requirements
Remote Location:
At the Remote location, Dax recommended each remote branch to use DX-1721
Modular Router with 1# 10/100 port and 4 WAN Slot for WAN/VOIP modules.
Each DX1721 was loaded with the following modules:
• Slot 1 - ISDN S/T module for providing automatic back-up connectivity.
• Slot 2 - 1-Port High speed Serial Sync / Async WAN Interface module for
connecting leased line link @ 64 Kbps up to 2 Mbps Speed.
• The remaining 2 slots were left free for future scalability.
Backup Solution
Cannot protect against data loss if the data is deleted (accidental or otherwise) or
corrupted
The tapes can be cloned, i.e., copied to new media to allow them to be stored off-site
in a disaster recovery location
it is only really applicable as the primary disaster recovery mechanism for non-critical
services, i.e. services with RPOs where data loss and longer RTOs are acceptable
It then forwards these writes on to one or more remote Solaris OS-based nodes
connected through an IP-based network
2 ways- Synchronous and Asynchronous modes, but the software operates at a much
lower level.
Consequently, storage-based replication software can replicate data held by applications such as
Oracle OPS and Oracle RAC even though the I/Os to a single LUN might be issued by several
nodes concurrently.
(RDBMS) portfolios from IBM and Oracle include wide range of tools to manage and
administer data held in their respective databases: DB2 and Oracle
The RDBMS software is designed to handle logical changes to the underlying data
So, it offers considerably greater flexibility and lower network traffic than a
corresponding block-based replication solution.
The ability to cluster systems across hundreds of kilometers using Dense Wave
Division Multiplexors (DWDM) and SAN connected Fibre Channel storage devices
The physically separated cluster nodes work identically but offer the added benefits
of protecting against local disasters and eliminating the requirement for a dedicated
disaster recovery environment
Costing
Capex
DC site 33% of space in sqft 20,000 25,000 50
Total 272
Opex
Bandwidth 100,000 50
AMC 6% of Capex 15
Total 93