WAP

(WIRELESS APPLICATION
PROTOCOL)

SWETA PRATAP
28412
 Definition

Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) is a global

specification that empowers mobile users to
easily access and interact with information
and services instantly.
 What Is WAP?

WAP specifies an
architecture based
on layers that follows
the OSI Model.
 The WAP Model
Application Layer

Session Layer

Transaction,

Security and
Transport Layers

Bearer Interfaces
 WTLS (Basic Issues)

 Operates just above the transport layer.

 Establishes a session between a client and a

server (the WAP gateway).

 Once a session has been established, all the

communication between the
client and the server is encrypted .
.
 WAP Forum

The objectives of the WAP Forum are:

Bring Internet content and advanced data

services to wireless devices.

 Create a standard wireless protocol that works

on all wireless network technologies.

Work with and expand existing standards.

 Need of WAP

 Hand-held wireless devices present a more

constrained computing environment .

 Wireless data networks have less bandwidth,

more latency & less connection stability.

 The operators aim to provide the users

advanced services in a more usable and
attractive way.
 Features of WAP

 Interoperability

 Scalability

 Extensibility

 Flexibility

 Reusability
 WAP Architecture
Overview

When the mobile device wants to connect to the

Internet, all the communication passes through
the WAP gateway.
 Components of WAP
The major components of the WAP specification
are:

 Protocol Support.

 Application Environment.

 Services and Capabilities.

 Advantages of WAP

Portability.

 Standard for linking mobile units to the Internet.

Optimizes standard web protocols.

Provides a secure wireless connection.

Defines an acceptable functional user interface.

WAP from the Point of View of
security

WAP can provide end-to-end security between

the two endpoints. If the browser and the server
explicitly express the need to use end-to-end
security, they must communicate directly in
order to be able to use the WAP protocols.
 WAP services

PDA and PC users can install a WAP browser

on their machines. But cellular phone service
providers are the most visible proponents of a
WAP world.
 Goals of the WAP
Independent of wireless network standard.

Will be proposed to the appropriate standards

bodies.

Applications scale across transport options.

Applications scale across device types.

Extensible over time to new networks and

transports.
 How WAP Works

The expanding network of digital, cellular and

personal communication services has created a
solid foundation for wireless Internet services.

WAP uses Wireless Markup Language

(WML), which includes the Handheld Device
Markup Language (HDML) developed by
Phone.com.
 How WAP Works
There are three main reasons why wireless
Internet needs the Wireless Application Protocol:

Transfer speed

Size and readability

Navigation
Controversies Surrounding
WAP
 Less Bandwidth.

 Less Connection Stability.

 Less Predictable Availability.

 Small downloadable unit size.

 Very few handsets support WAP.

DESIGN AND SOLUTION

WAP is actually not a single protocol, but a

collection of protocols and standards that make
up a complete protocol stack along with some
special markup and scripting language, which
together defines a complete solution.
 WAP protocol stack

 Wireless Application Environment (WAE)

 Wireless Session Protocol (WSP)

 Wireless Transaction Protocol (WTP)

 Wireless Transport Layer Security (WTLS)

 Wireless Datagram Protocol (WDP)

WAP Devices and Emulators

WAP devices implement different future in

different way .So WAP developers must test the
code they write on as many devices as possible.

A solution to this problem developers

use is emulator: a software program that
simulate WAP devices in the computer.
 WAP Applications
 Voice and Fax Mail Notifications

 Internet Email

 Mobile Commerce

 Affinity Programs

 Mobile Banking

 Information Services
 FUTURE OF WAP

WAP is a protocol designed to work over any

mobile network, it’s use will continue to
increase as more sophisticated data
transmission technologies are introduced (e.g.
GPRS, EDGE (Extended Data for Global
Evolution) and W-CDMA (Wideband-CDMA)).
 CONCLUSION

WAP is an enabling technology that bridges the

gap between the mobile world and the Internet,
bringing sophisticated solutions to mobile
users, independent of the bearer and network.
THANKS