Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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PENGEMBANGAN KONSEP KAJIAN RESIKO BENCANA
BERDASARKAN POTENSI BAHAYA ALAM DAN KERENTANAN-
KAPASITAS MASYARAKAT SEBAGAI BASIS UNTUK
PENGELOLAAN BENCANA DAN PENYUSUNAN TATARUANG: Studi
Kasus di Kabupaten Cilacap
Sari
Risiko suatu bencana sangat ditentukan oleh adanya potensi bahaya alam yang
mengancam, kerentanan masyarakat terhadap bahaya alam tersebut. Untuk dapat
terjadinya suatu risiko bencana maka kedua faktor tersebut haruslah hadir. Jika
tidak terdapat salah satu faktor tersebut maka tidak akan terjadi risiko. Oleh
karena itu dalam kajian ini dikembangkan suatu metode dan konsep pengkajian
bencana banjir dan longsor serta konsep pengkajian kerentanan masyarakat, agar
risiko bencana dapat terpetakan. Selain itu dilakukan pula kajian terhadap
kapasitas masyarakat dalam meminimalisir dampak bahaya alam tersebut.
Kapasitas masyarakat ini pada dasarnya akan mengurangi tingkat kerentannya,
sehingga risiko bahaya alam yang akan yang diterima akan semakin kecil.
Kajian ini dilakukan di Kabupaten Cilacap dengan memetakan potensi bahaya
banjir dan tanah longsor serta memetakan kerentanan dan kapasitas masyarakat
dan pemangku kepentingan dalam pengelolaan bencana. Kajian bahaya alam
banjir dilakukan berdasarkan pemodelan potensi banjir di Kabupaten Cilacap.
Untuk kemudian ditentukan potensi dampak berdasarkan klasifikasinya.
Sedangkan untuk bahaya longsor mengacu kepada peta bahaya longsor yang
pada saat ini sudah dipublikasikan oleh Pusat Vulkanologi dan Mitigasi Bencana
Geologi – Badan Geologi Indonesia. Untuk pemahaman terhadap kerentanan
masyarakat dilakukan berdasarkan survai kuestiner dan FGD baik pada
masyarakat maupun kepada aparat terkait di Kabupaten Cilacap. Kajian ini
dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menghasilkan metodologi dan konsep kajian
risiko bencana sebagai dasar dalam penyusunan buku panduan kajian risiko
bencana bagi Pemerintah Daerah.
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Abstract
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POTENSI LIKUIFAKSI DI DAERAH SANUR – BENOA, BALI
SELATAN, BERDASARKAN STUDI GEOLOGI BAWAH
PERMUKAAN
Sari
Abstract
5
PENGARUH PERUBAHAN IKLIM PADA KERENTANAN
LONGSORAN DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG, JAWA BARAT
Sari
Abstract
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KARAKTERISTIK BAWAH PERMUKAAN CEKUNGAN BANDUNG-
GARUT DENGEN METODE MAGNETO TELURIK
Sari
Abstract
9
MENCARI SUMBER AIR LUMPUR PANAS SIDOARJO:
SEBUAH PENDEKATAN GEOFISIKA UNTUK MENEMUKAN
ALIRAN AIR BAWAH PERMUKAAN KE LOKASI SEMBURAN
LUMPUR PANAS DI WILAYAH PORONG, PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR
Sari
Sejak semburan lumpur panas pertama kali yang terjadi pada 29 Mei 2006 di
Sidoarjo, maka setidaknya sudah 18 desa yang tenggelam atau terendam lumpur,
yang meliputi: Desa Renokenongo, Jatirejo, Siring, Kedung Bendo, Sentul,
Besuki, Glagah Arum, Kedung Cangkring, Mindi, Ketapang, Pajarakan,
Permisan, Ketapang, Pamotan, Keboguyang, Gempolsari, Kesambi, dan
Kalitengah. Kerugian yang timbul berkisar antara 34 hingga 45 Triliun Rupiah
per tahunnya dan lebih 60% nya diderita oleh masyarakat.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan sumber pemasok air ke danau lumpur
karena diasumsikan bahwa volume air pembentuk lumpur yang sudah lebih dari
75 juta meter kubik haruslah berasal dari luar wilayah tersebut. Air laut dari
Selat Madura sebagai salah satu kemungkinan sumber, harus dikesampingkan
karena data isotop air lumpur tersebut menunjukkan bahwa air itu tidak berasal
dari air laut. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini difokuskan untuk mengetahui
struktur bawah permukaan wilayah sebelah barat dan selatan danau lumpur
dengan menggunakan metoda gayaberat, Audio Magnetotellurik (AMT) dan
Magnetotellurik (MT).
Hasil pengukuran dan interpretasi data gayaberat berupa anomaly Bouguer dan
data AMT dan MT menunjukkan bahwa terdapat suatu struktur patahan berarah
NE-SW yang membentang dari daerah desa Watukosek di kaki Gunung
Penanggungan ke arah danau lumpur, yang diinterpretasikan sebagai zona
permeable yang membentuk saluran air tanah sebagai pemasok air yang
menyebabkan semburan lumpur terus berlangsung.
Bila intervensi teknologi dapat dilakukan untuk mengubah zona permeable ini
menjadi impermeable, maka pasokan air akan terhambat dan dengan demikian
semburan lumpur akan dapat dihentikan.
Kata kunci: semburan lumpur panas Sidoarjo, metoda gayaberat, AMT dan
MT, zona permeable, intervensi teknologi
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Abstract
Since the first hot mud flow occurred on May 29, 2006 in Sidoarjo, at least there
are 18 villages already covered by the mud flow, including Renokenongo
village, Jatirejo, Siring, Kedung Bendo, Sentul, Besuki, Glagah Arum, Kedung
Cangkring, Mindi, Ketapang, Pajarakan, Permisan, Ketapang, Pamotan,
Keboguyang, Gempolsari, Kesambi, and Kalitengah villages. Economical
disadvantage of the disaster ranges from 34,000 to 45,000 billion Rupiahs per
year and more than 60% are experienced by the local civil society.
The aim of this research is to find out sources of water supply to the mud lake
because it is assumed that the volume of water in the mud lake is so big (more
than 75 million cubic meter) and it has to be coming from the surrounding
regions of the mud lake. Sea water from the Madura strait has to be skipped out
as an option due to its water isotope data showing that the water does not derive
from sea water. Therefore, this research focuses on mapping subsurface
structures using Gravity, Audio Magnetotelluric (AMT) and Magnetotelluric
(MT) methods in regions of southern and western of the mud lake.
Measurement and data interpretation of Gravity in form of Bouguer anomaly
together with analysis of AMT and MT data, show that there is a NE-SW
subsurface fault structure striking from Watukosek village area at foot of
Penanggungan Hill to the mud lake area that is interpreted as a permeable zone
forming supply water channels for continuing the mud flow.
If technological intervention can be carried out to transform the permeable zone
to impermeable zone then the water supply can be blocked, so the hot mud flow
could be stopped.
Key words: Sidoarjo hot mud flow, Gravity method, AMT and MT, permeable
zone, technological intervention
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STUDI PENDAHULUAN EVOLUSI CEKUNGAN LAUT DALAM
BUSUR BELAKANG DI BAGIAN BARAT PULAU JAWA
Sari
Cekungan di antara busur yang berada di dalam lingkungan zona cekungan laut
dalam busur belakang atau zona kompresi Majalengka – Banyumas terbentuk
akibat peregangan patahan regional Bogor – Banyumas yang kemudian
terpotong oleh pasangan patahan geser Gabon dan Pamanukan-Karangbolong
yang berarah baratlaut-tenggara pada Miosen Awal. Pasangan zona patahan
tersebut mengontrol terbukanya sub-sub cekungan kawasan Majalengka-
Banyumas. Di dalam zona tersebut diendapkan endapan arus gravitasi epiklastik
berumur Miosen Akhir – Pliosen yang ditafsirkan berada pada posisi proximal
dalam suatu kipas bawah laut. Endapan tersebut diduga berasal dari volkanik
busur belakang terisolasi, yang tumbuh di dalam zona patahan tersebut atau
memisahkan sub-sub cekungan. Tubuh volkanik tersebut terletak jauh lebih di
utara dibanding jalur busur volkanik Miosen Ahir – Pliosen.
Studi rinci pola struktur geolog, anomali gayaberat dan kinematika struktur
geologi yang berkembang di Zona Majalengka – Banyumas, prpses sedimentasi
dan stratigrafi endapan arus gravitasi kipas bawah laut, serta hasil analisa
petrologi dan kimia batuan piroklastik dan epiklastik di dalam zona ini
memberikan bukti kuat terbentuknya suatu sub-sub cekungan di antara busur di
wilayah cekungan laut dalam busur belakang di bagian barat Pulau Jawa.
Abstract
An intra-arc basin within back arc deep sea basin zone or Majalengka -
Banyumas compressional zone has developed relate to trans-tensional of
regional fault of Bogor - Banyumas which later it was cutted in Early Miocene
by pair of NW-SE strike slip fault of Gabon and Pamanukan-Karangbolong
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fault zone. This fault pair is responsible in sub-basin opening of Majalengka-
Banyumas zone. In this zone deposited epiclastic gravitational sediment by Late
Miocene-Pliocene and it’s interpreted as proximal deposit of submarine fan.
This deposit source suggest an isolated volcanic of back arc that developed in
this zone or separated sub-basins. The volcanic edifice located northward of
Late Miocene-Pliocene volcanic arc.
Detail study of geology structural pattern, gravity anomaly and kinematic had
developed in Majalengka - Banyumas zone, sedimentation process and
gravitational sediment submarine fan stratigraphy and combining with
petrology and geochemistry characteristic of pyroclstic and epiclastic rocks
could be gave an evident the present of intra-arc basin in deep sea basin of back
arc of western of Java
Keywords: intra-arc basin, deep sea basin, ekungan laut dalam, transtensional ,
peregangan, gravitational sediment, submarine fan, volkanic arc
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PERAN KARAKTERISTIK BENCANA GEOLOGI DALAM
PENYUSUNAN TATA RUANG WILAYAH GARUT SELATAN
Sari
Abstract
Seperation plans into district Garut and the South has long been planned, even
when this has been made draft Spatial. Garut Regency has the potential for a
variety of other natural resources, also has the potential for disaster (landslides,
floods and tsunamis). so be prepared based on spatial planning for disaster will
not happen mistakennes in policymaking. As a first step in preparing the policy
needs to be done to mitigate and reduce the impact that is by identifying the
characteristics of disasters in South Garut.
This paper aims to give contributions in spatial issues mainly related to the
disaster. By using satellite imagery analysis, field data collection, as well as
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supporting data, studies the characteristics of geological disaster is to provide
information on the causes, mechanisms, parameters, level of vulnerability and
disaster reduction and mitigation of geological disasters in the region of South
Garut.
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PEMODELAN HIDROLOGI MENGGUNAKAN R.SIM.WATER &
TERRAFLOW UNTUK PENDUGAAN BANJIR BANDUNG SELATAN
Sari
Kata Kunci : Banjir Majalaya, r terra Flow, r.sim water curah hujan tinggi
Abstract
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By using a method that calculates r.terraflow flow direction, flow accumulation
view is supported by data raster digital elevation model (DEM) and r.sim water
that is to know the surface flow is based on a concept of Particle Duality
(SIMWE) .
Results are expected to provide an overview of the flow direction, flow
accumulation, filling the inundation areas and surface water simulation models
in case of a very tingggi rainfall, so it can be an early warning to anticipate
floods Majalaya Region (not material to the spatial concept? .)
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POTENSI EROSI TANAH MENGGUNAKAN DATA PENGINDERAAN
JAUH SKALA MENENGAH DI DAS BODRI HULU – JAWA TENGAH
Sukristiyanti 1
1
Pusat Penelitian Geoteknologi – LIPI
Kompleks LIPI, Jl. Sangkuriang Bandung
Tlp. 022 – 2507771, 2503654, Fax. 022 - 2504593
Email: sukris@geotek.lipi.go.id
Sari
Erosi tanah menyebabkan berbagai dampak negatif dengan berimbas buruk pada
lahan pertanian, sedimentasi, hingga menyebabkan dan mempercepat
eutrofikasi. Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) sebagai suatu unit yang tepat untuk
kajian erosi dengan cakupan wilayah yang cukup luas membuat peran data
Penginderaan Jauh resolusi menengah semakin penting. Daerah yang diteliti
dalam penelitian ini adalah DAS Bodri Hulu dengan luas wilayah 501,81 km 2
yang mencakup 17 kecamatan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini
adalah ekstraksi kerapatan vegetasi, penggunaan lahan, dan kemiringan lereng;
dan analisis spasial untuk evaluasi potensi erosi tanah dengan metode kualitatif
dan validasi peta kelas erosi tanah hasil evaluasi. Hasil evaluasi potensi erosi
menunjukkan bahwa kelas potensi erosi yang berat mendominasi Kecamatan
Tretep. Tingginya tingkat potensi erosi di Kecamatan Tretep ini disebabkan
karena daerah tersebut didominasi oleh perkebunan sayur yang sistem
penanamannya berlawanan dengan garis kontur. Validasi pada peta kelas potensi
erosi dengan kerapatan alur yang diperoleh dari foto udara skala 1:50000 dan
data SRTM 30 m tidak dapat dilakukan. Hal ini disebabkan peta alur sebagai
input peta kerapatan aliran, tidak seimbang tingkat kedetailannya dengan peta
kelas potensi erosi. Oleh karena itu validasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan
data hasil survai lapangan. Hasil validasi menunjukkan bahwa peta kelas potensi
erosi tanah hasil evaluasi dengan metode kualitatif representatif terhadap kondisi
di lapangan. Ini menunjukkan bahwa metode kualitatif yang cukup mudah dan
efisien mampu memetakan potensi erosi tanah dengan baik.
Kata kunci: potensi erosi tanah, Derah Aliran Sungai (DAS), Penginderaan
Jauh, analisis spasial
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Abstract
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Daftar Abstrak Presentasi Oral Topik II
“Sumber Daya Mineral , Energi, Air dan rekayasa Mineral (SMAR)”
Sari
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Abstract
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PENGOLAHAN MINERAL SILIKAT ALAM SEBAGAI
BAHAN DASAR ANTISEPTIK ANORGANIK
Oleh :
Dewi Fatimah 1, Lenny M. Estiaty 1
1
Pusat Penelitian Geoteknologi – LIPI
Kompleks LIPI, Jl. Sangkuriang Bandung
Tlp. 022 – 2507771, 2503654, Fax. 022 - 2504593
Sari
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PEMBUATAN PROTOTIP SMAC
(SURFACTANT MODIFIED ACTIVATED CARBON) METODA BATCH
SEBAGAI ADSORBAN CHROMIUM HEXAVALENT (Cr+6)
LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI PENYAMAKAN KULIT
Sari
Kata kunci: parameter dasar, prototip SMAC, adsorban, Cr+6, limbah cair,
industri penyamakan kulit.
Abstract
The leather tanning industry which lies in Sukaregang village, Garut-West Java
has given economic benefits significantly to community. Meanwhile, public
concern for the environment impact is less because cannot be seen directly. The
wastewater of leather tanning industry contain chromium metal ions generally
that discharged directly into river without proceed by wastewater treatment
processing. Content of chromium metal particles has exceeded the standard
hazardous to human health in both chromium trivalent (Cr 3+) and chromium
hexavalent (Cr6+). Chromium trivalent will change to chromium hexavalent in
alkali condition (pH>5) where Cr6+more toxic than Cr3+ because Cr3+ is
absorbed into particulate whereas Cr6+ remain in the form of solution.
This problem can be reduced through absorption of Cr 6+ contained in
wastewater before being discharged into river. The aims of research is to find a
blueprint process technology and product prototypes SMAC (Surfactant
Modified Activated Carbon) as an absorbent material. While the goal of
research is to find the basic parameters that were most responsible in the SMAC
prototype formation. The research is done by laboratories experimental using
chemical and physical parameters. These parameters include concentration
(EDA), temperature, pH, ratio of activated carbon weight and volume of
surfactant (EDA), and contact time that designed by the factorial design with 3
replications. The experiments were done through introducer cationic surfactant
groups (ethylenediamine or EDA) into the activated carbon using the batch
method. While to know level of EDA absorption is done by analyzing COD
(chemical oxygen demand), FTIR (forier transmiten infra red) and Uvs as an
indicator of experiment. This research obtained the following basic parameters:
the concentration of [EDA] = 45,000 mg/L; pH = 7 (normal); temperature =
25C (room temperature), ratio of KA weight and volume EDA = 1 gr/200 ml;
and 8 hours contact time is applied in process of SMAC prototypes formation.
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IDENTIFIKASI DAN KARAKTER HIDROKIMIA KELUARAN
AIRTANAH LEPAS PANTAI, PULAU LOMBOK, INDONESIA
Sari
Abstract
Pulled by gravity, fresh groundwater will comes in contact with seawater at the
downstream end of its flow system. The groundwater, however, will come out to
the surface as a coastal springs or than predicted by the law, giving rise to
freshwater flows even below the bottom of the sea. The event of freshwater flows
from the bottom of the sea or submarine is named submarine groundwater
discharge (SGD).
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This paper reviews the scientific significance of SGD evidence in Lombok
Island, Indonesia. The field assessment using hydrogeochemistry identify the
indication of this phenomenon at Krakas Beach.
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TIPE AIR DAN INDIKASI PERUBAHAN KUALITAS AIR TANAH
DI KOTA SEMARANG DAN SEKITARNYA:
HASIL PENELITIAN PENDAHULUAN
Sari
Pengambilan air tanah yang berlebihan dalam kurun waktu yang lama akan
menyebabkan menurunnya muka airtanah, sehingga terjadi kerucut depresi
airtanah yang disebabkan oleh tidak seimbangnya antara pengambilan dengan
pengisian. Penurunan muka airtanah akan menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan
tekanan hidrostatis yang mengakibatkan terjadinya migrasi polutan dalam
airtanah, sehingga di beberapa tempat telah mengalami penurunan kualitas.
Analisis mengenai fenomena tersebut dilakukan dengan cara penentuan tipe air.
Untuk keperluan itu , telah dilakukan pengambilan conto airtanah pada 15 sumur
pantau dan 13 sumur dangkal yang tersebar di wilayah Semarang. Analisis kimia
dilakukan dengan metode spektrofotometri serapan atom (AAS), volumetri dan
turbidimetri. Berdasarkan kandungan kation/anion, diagram tri linear, dan
diagram stiff, airtanah di Semarang diklasifikasikan bertipe Ca(HCO3)2, NaCl,
Mg(HCO3)2, NaHCO3, CaMix dan Na2CO3. Tipe air NaCl mengindikasikan
bahwa sumur dangkal SMR-6 PRPP telah dipengaruhi oleh air laut. Sedangkan
tipe air NaCl di sumur pantau SMR-3, SMR-8, SMR-29, dan SMR-30
nampaknya dipengaruhi oleh kandungan garam yang terdapat dalam batuan
(garam purba). Hasil ini mengindikasikan airtanah di Wilayah Kota Semarang
belum terkontaminasi khususnya air laut kecuali di PRPP Semarang.
Kata Kunci : Contoh air, tipe air, kualitas air, Semarang, air laut.
Abstract
Keywords: water samples, water type, water quality, Semarang, sea water
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PENGOLAHAN DI TEMPAT (IN-GROUND TREATMENT)
AIRTANAH TERCEMAR ION BESI DAN MANGAN
Sari
Salah satu masalah yang sering dihadapi dalam pemanfaatan air tanah sebagai
sumber pemenuhan air ruamhtangga bagi masyarakat perkotaan adalah
kandungan Fe dan Mn yang melebihi ambanga batas menurut Kepmenkes No.
907/MENKES/SK/VII/2002 (Fe=0,3 mg/L; Mn = 0,1 mg/L). Pengolahan
ditempat merupakan salah satu cara untuk memperbaiki kualitas air yang
mengandung ion Fe dan Mn melebihi ambang batas. Cara ini selain dapat
memperbaiki kualitas airtanah juga dapat menambah volume airtanah dan
mengurangi potensi banjir. Curah hujan yang berkisar antara 1800 mm s/d 3000
mm/tahun dan kandungan oksigen air hujan yang mencapai 7,8 mg/L sangat
ideal dilakukan pengolahan ditempat air tanah mengandung ion besi dan
mangan. Untuk menurunkan kandungan ion besi dan mangan cara ditempat (in-
ground), telah dibuat 3 sumur imbuhan pada tahun 2009 dan 2 sumur imbuhan
tahun 2010 di Cimahi dengan memanfaatkan air hujan cucuran atap sebagai air
imbuhan. Penelitian diawali dengan pendataan kondisi kimiawi airtanah dan
potensi air hujan cucuran atap dan kandungan oksigen air hujan, kemudian
pembuatan sumur imbuhan. Selanjutnya dilakukan pemantauan kandungan ion
besi dan mangan pada sumur pantau. Pada salah satu sumur pantau pemantauan
kandungan ion besi dan mangan dilakukan pada 3 kedalaman : dasar sumur,
tengah dan 1 meter dari muka air tanah.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada saat awal terjadi penurunan kandungan ion
besi dan mangan dari 1.586 mg/L menjadi 0.657 mg/L untuk Fe dan untuk Mn
dari 1.333 mg/L menjadi 0.835, mg/L namun kemudian terjadi fluktuasi. Pada
salah satu sumur pantau terjadi gradasi kandungan ion besi dan mangan men,
pada kedalaman 24 m kandungan ion Fe 0,364 mg/L dan Mn 0,424 mg/L
sedangkan pada kedalaman 17 m dan 0,4 m kandungan ion Fe sama yaitu
0,066 mg/L dan untuk ion Mn menjadi 0,099 mg/L. Dari data ini dapat
disimpulkan bahwa untuk kondisi di Cimahi pengolahan ditempat dapat
diterapkan untuk meningkatkan kualitas air tanah.
One of the problem in using groundwater for domestic purposes is its iron and
manganese content. In many locations, groundwater contain iron and
manganese above the maximum limit (Kepmenkes No.
907/MENKES/SK/VII/2002 (Fe=0,3 mg/L; Mn = 0,1 mg/L). In- ground
treatment is one of the many methods that can be applied to improve
groundwater of high iron and manganese concentration. With this method, not
only water quality will be improved but also groundwater volume increase and
also contribute to minimize flood potential. With annual rainfall 1800 mm to
3000 mm and oxygen concentration in rainwater up to 7.8 mg/L make
Bandung region ideal for in-ground treatment application. To improve
groundwater quality in Cimahi area 3 artificial recharge wells was constructed
during the 2009 fiscal year and another two are constructed in this 2010 fiscal
year. Experiment is started by collecting secondary data of iron and manganese
ion of groundwater in the targeted area. And then artificial recharge is
constructed on the site that the groundwater having iron and manganese
concentration above maximum limit and the water level more than two meters.
After well construction, iron and manganese concentration of groundwater in
the monitoring wells is monitored periodically. In one monitoring well,
sampling monitoring is made in three depths : 0.4 m, below groundwater
surface, 17 m depth and on the 24 m depth.
From this experiment it found that iron concentration in the monitoring well
decrease from 1.586 mg/L to 0.657 mg/L and for the manganese ion decrease
from 1.333 mg/L to 0.835, mg/L. Decreasing iron and manganese
concentration with depth is found in the monitoring well. At the 24 m depth
iron concentration is 0,364 mg/L and Mn is 0,424 mg/L whilst at 17 m and 0,4
m depth Fe ion is 0.056 and 0.066 respectively and manganese concentration is
0,099 mg/L and 0.096 mg/L respectively. It can be concluded that in case of
Cimahi condition, in-ground treatment is successfully applied to improve
groundwater quality.
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POTENSI PANAS BUMI DI DAERAH GARUT DAN SEKITARNYA
BERDASARKAN KONTROL STRUKTUR REGIONAL
Sari
Indonesia memiliki potensi panas bumi yang besar. Tercatat sumberdaya panas
bumi Indonesia mencapai 27 GWe yang tersebar di lebih dari 244 lokasi panas
bumi di indonesia. Dari keseluruhan potensi yang ada baru sekitar 1.196 MWe
yang telah diusahakan sebagai energy atau 4 % dari keseluruhan total konsumsi
energy Indonesia. Pencanangan kenaikan penggunaan energi panas bumi sebesar
18% dari keseluruhan penggunaan sumber energy di tahun 2018 oleh
pemerintah Republik Indonesia merupakan tantangan serta memberikan urgensi
dalam kegiatan eksplorasi lapangan panas bumi lainnya. Salah satu area yang
menarik dalam hal potensi panas bumi yaitu daerah Jawa Barat. Dari
keseluruhan lokasi panas bumi yang ada di Indonesia, empat puluh lima (45)
lokasi diantaranya terdapat di daerah Jawa Barat termasuk di dalamnya daerah
Garut dan sekitarnya. Di daerah Garut, potensi panas bumi yang telah
diusahakan seperti di daerah Kamojang oleh Pertamina dan Darajat oleh
Chevron merupakan contributor penting dalam penggunaan potensi energy
panas bumi di Indonesia. Selain kedua lokasi tersebut terdapat sekitar 8 lokasi
lain dan beberapa sedang di eksplorasi baik oleh pemerintah ataupun
perusahaan. Dalam kegiatan eksplorasi panas bumi, kontrol struktur merupakan
faktor penting dimana kontrol struktur merupakan media bagi fluida yang dapat
melokalisir keterdapatan manifestasi panasbumi serta berperan dalam
pembentukan permeabilitas sekunder pada reservoir panas bumi. Tujuan kajian
ini adalah untuk mengetahui kontrol struktur regional daerah garut dan
sekitarnya terutama sintesa struktur yang berperan dalam mendelineasi lokasi
keterdapatan lapangan panasbumi atau lokasi keterdapatan manifestasi panas
bumi. Pendekatan yang dilakukan dari kajian ini adalah memanfaatkan peta
gravitasi (gaya berat) dalam bentuk peta anomaly bouger yang telah
dipublikasikan yang selanjutnya dilakukan proses filtering anomaly sisa
(residual) serta vertical derivative. Hasil penarikan kelurusan dari peta gaya
berat selanjutnya di kombinasikan dengan interpretasi struktur dari penarikan
kelurusan pada citra landsat. Kombinasi yang diharapkan dari kedua pendekatan
tersebut adalah untuk mengetahui kombinasi struktur bawah permukaan yang
bersifat deep seated yang diwakili oleh data gaya berat dengan struktur
33
permukaan yang diwakili oleh citra landsat dimana struktur permukaan tersebut
bersifat thin skinned. Dari hasil kajian diketahui bahwa struktur geologi yang
berkembang serta kemungkinan mengontrol potensi panas bumi didaerah garut
dan sekitarnya, merupakan struktur rim structure yang diindikasikan oleh daerah
low densitas (1 – 45 mgal) dari peta anomaly bouger. Struktur ini masih terlihat
pada peta anomaly sisa serta peta vertical derivative. Dari kelurusan regional,
lokasi-lokasi panas bumi yang ditunjukan oleh lokasi manifestasi panas bumi di
daerah garut dan sekitanya berada pada kelurusan yang sangat bervariasi yang
pada umumnya pada perpotongan-perpotongan kelurusan-kelurusan tersebut
dengan struktur melingkar (rim structure).
Abstract
Indonesia is well known as one of country whose has the large geothermal
potency. The geothermal resources of Indonesia are approximate up to 27 GWe,
distributed at 244 locations from Sumatra to Papua. From all geothermal
potency, only 1,196 Mwe geothermal resources have been utilized and
consumed. This utilization is only 4 % from the total energy used in Indonesia.
The utilization of geothermal energy has been targeted to be increased up to 18
% in the year 2018 by Indonesia government. The target and large potency
background of Indonesia geothermal energy built the challenge and opportunity
in geothermal exploration. West Java is one of interesting area to be explored
for geothermal. There are 45 location of geothermal area in West Java, which
are a few of them is concentrated in Garut and surrounding area. There are 2
large geothermal field have utilized in Garut and surrounding area e.g.
Kamojang operated by Pertamina and Darajat operated by Chevron. Beside
those area, there are approximated 8 location of geothermal potency are occur
in Garut and surrounding area and few of them are being explored by
government and private company. Geological structure control is one of
important exploration key in geothermal. The structure is hold important role in
delineating the geothermal surface manifestation and also for giving the
permeability condition in geothermal reservoir. The objective of this study is to
delineate and to figure out the regional structure at Garut and Surrounding
area especially the structure whose control the geothermal occurrences. Gravity
and landsat interpretation is used as approaching methods in this study. There
are several advanced data processing have been conducted e.g. residual and
first vertical derivative for gravity interpretation. The available published
bouger anomaly map is the bases for such analysis.The lineament of inferred
fault have been delineated from gravity and landsat imagery. These methods
34
were applied base on assumption that gravity is represent for deep seated
structure where landsat interpretation is represent the thin skinned structure.
The structure of Garut and surrounding area is inferred to be affected by some
rim structure indicated from gravity analysis. The low gravity (1-45 mgal) is
visualized as circular feature from regional anomaly bouger. This circular
feature structure also identified at residual and vertical derivative map. The
geothermal manifestation in garut and surrounding have various trend of
structure but most of them was located at cross structure with the circular
feature.
35
KEMUNGKINAN ADANYA PERANGKAP HIDROKARBON
BERDASARKAN INTERPRETASI DATA GRAVITASI : STUDI KASUS
CEKUNGAN JAWA BARAT UTARA DI BAGIAN PALING SELATAN
Sari
Bagian yang paling selatan dari Cekungan Jawa Barat Utara sebagian besar
tertutup oleh produk vulkanik, menyebabkan eksplorasi dengan metode seismik
sulit dan dapat mengurangi resolusi gambar seismik. Untuk mengidentifikasi
dan menafsirkan struktur bawah permukaan dan perangkap hidrokarbon telah
dilakukan pengukuran gravitasi. Berdasarkan distribusi anomali rendah dan
tinggi yang dihasilkan dari peta anomali Bouguer dapat membantu untuk
menafsirkan struktur bawah permukaan dan kemungkinan perangkap
hidrokarbon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa anomali gravitasi dapat
dikategorikan menjadi tiga kelompok: Anomali rendah (<34 mGal), anomali
menengah (34-50 mGal) dan anomali tinggi (> 50 mGal). relatif Berdasarkan
analisis Bouguer anomali menunjukkan bahwa anomali rendah terkonsentrasi di
wilayah Jonggol, dan ditafsirkan sebagai bagian dari sub cekungan Ciputat.
Berdasarkan konsep eksplorasi baru dengan menggunakan metode gravitasi
menunjukkan bahwa perangkap hidrokarbon yang paling mungkin adalah di
tinggian Cibinong - Cileungsi dan tinggian Pangkalan - Tambun. Daerah
penelitian masih diperlukan pengukuran geofisika lainnya ( MT atau AMT)
untuk membuktikan adanya struktur tinggian dan rendahan sebagai indikasi
adanya perangkap hidrokarbon. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi
acuan bagi para pemangku kepentingan untuk melakukan eksplorasi yang lebih
rinci.
Abstract
The most southern part of the northwest Java Basin mostly covered by volcanic
products, cause exploration by seismic methods is difficult and can reduce the
36
resolution of seismic images. To identify and interpret the subsurface structure
and hydrocarbon trap have been carried out gravity measurements. Based on
the distribution of low and high anomalies resulting from the Bouguer anomaly
map can help to interpret the subsurface structure and probability of
hydrocarbon trap. The result of study shows that the gravity anomalies could
be categorized into three groups : the low Anomaly (< 34 mgal), the middle
anomaly ( 34 - 50 mgal) and the high anomaly (> 50 mgal). Based on the
analysis of Bouguer anomaly indicates that the low anomaly is concentrated in
the Jonggol Area, and interpreted as part of a Ciputat sub basin. Based on the
new exploration concept with using gravity method shows that the most
probable hydrocarbon trap is in the Cibinong - Cileungsi and Pangkalan -
Tambun high. Area of research is still needed other geophysical measurements
(MT/ AMT) to prove the existence of structural highs and low as an indication
of a hydrocarbon trap.The results of this study is expected to be a reference for
the stakeholders to conduct a more detailed exploration.
37
GENESA ENDAPAN EMAS DI DAERAH BOMBANA: STUDI
PENDAHULUAN BERDASARKAN PENGAMATAN LAPANGAN DAN
PETROGRAFI
Sari
Ditemukannya cebakan emas letakan di daerah sungai Tahi Ite Bombana pada
akhir tahun 2008, telah menarik penambang tradisional, perusahaan
multinasional untuk mengeksplorasi dan menambang di daerah ini. Wilayah
Bombana secara geologi dikenal sebagai daerah potensi cebakan nikel dan
cobalt, sehingga dengan ditemukannya cebakan emas di dareah ini telah menarik
sejumlah penelitian untuk mengungkap genesa cebakan emas di daerah ini,
namun belum ada yang mampu menjelaskan genesa cebakan emas tersebut,
dalam hal ini adalah apa batuan sumbernya dan bagaimana proses
pembentukkannya ?. Pembentukkan cebakan emas ini dapat dianggap tidak
lazim, karena tidak pernah dilaporkan sebelumnya ada volkanisme di daerah ini,
selain terdapatnya manifestasi air panas.
Daerah Bombana dan sekitarnya disusun oleh batuan-batua malihan seperti
peridotit, gneiss, metabatugamping, sekis amfibol, amfibolit yang termalihkan
dengan derajat rendah-menengah membentuk facies greenschist-zeolit. Pada
studi Awal ini, hanya akan didiskusikan hasil pengamatan lapangan dan analisa
petrografi, sementara hasil yang lebih detail masih menunggu hasil analisa
geokimia dan K-Ar dating.
Kehadiran batuan volkanik yang selama ini belum pernah dilaporkan, telah
ditemukan pada penelitian ini, batuan ini dinamakan meta andesite dan basalt
porfiri. Ditemukannya batuan volkanik penting untuk dapat memahami karakter
batuan sumber dan proses pembentukkan mineralisasi. Proses mineralisasi
sementara diduga berawal dari pembentukkan batuan volkanik teralterasi dan
termineralisasi, kemudian mengalami proses metamorfisme. Aktifitas
hidrotermal yang baru ditunjukkan oleh boulder breksi hidrotermal, urat kuarsa-
kalsit yang memotong foliasi kuarsa, memiliki potensi untuk pengendapan emas
primer hidrotermal, seperti yang dilakukan penambangan di Anjing Mate,
Padang Bilah, SP2 dan SP 8.
38
Abstract
The gold placer deposit recently founded at Tahi Ite river Bombana area by the
end of year 2008, has interest for traditional miner, multinational company to
explore and mining into this area. Bombana area geologically known as nikel
and cobalt potency of deposit. Some research that has been conducted to know
the nature aspect of this gold formation, in case source of mineralized rock and
its formation process, but so far there is no explanation clear yet. Formation of
this gold deposits is unusual, because there is no volcanisme reported before in
this area, except hotspring manifestation.
Bombana and its surroundings consists of complex metamorphic rocks such as
peridotite, gneiss, meta limestone, aphibolite schist, amphibholite which have
had metamorphosed into low to medium metamorphic grade of metamorphisme
to form zeolite-greenschist facies. By this preliminary study, hence will only
discuss field observation and petrography analysis, while more detail analysis is
waiting for geochemistry and K-Ar dating.
The present of volcanic rocks that has not been reported before, has been found
by this research, they are namely andesite meta and porphyry basalt. These
volcanic rocks are important whether to know character of source rock and also
nature of mineralization process. Mineralization process is suggest started by
formation of altered and mineralized volcanic rocks and metamorphosed. The
newer hydrothermal (post metamorphisme) activities shows by floated
hydrothermal breccias (boulder), and formation of quartz -calcite veinlets cross
cutted the quartz foliation are also has potential for primary hydrothermal gold
deposition, as well as mining activity at metamorphic quartz veinlets system at
Anjing Mate, Padang Bilah, SP 2 and SP 8.
39
Daftar Abstrak Presentasi Poster Topik I
“Geodinamika, Energi, Perubahan Iklim dan Lingkungan (GBPL)”
Sari
Kata kunci : Banjir Bandung Selatan, perubahan tataguna lahan, Pola Curah
Hujan
Abstract
Changes in extent of flooding in South Bandung very concerned, not only added
a high surface area but also increased flooding. One reason is the change in
land use in the headwaters of the river Citarum, and Changes in land use in the
Bandung Basin, which is the urban and industrial.In 2010, several textile
industry was forced to stop production due to heavy rains and caused flooding
up to enter the factory, this causes loss of facilities and infrastructure as well as
morale and make the trauma for the worker and industry players.
41
This study aimed to compare changes in the flood area. The method used to
map flood overlaid 1985 - 2010 obtained from the survey results and
interpretation of the DEM map. The approach used is the temporal
interpretation of satellite image and DEM data to determine local flood runoff,
slope map and land use maps and charts of rainfall since the year 1985-2010 at
several stations in the area south of Bandung. His results can be known recent
flooding and the area of distribution and its relation to rainfall patterns
42
IDENTIFIKASI PATAHAN DI LERENG PERBUKITAN SERAYU UTARA,
DAERAH PURBALINGGA, JAWA TENGAH,
BERDASARKAN GEOMORFOLOGI TEKTONIK
Sari
Kata Kunci: Morfotektonik, mountain front Smf, SL, Vf, sesar aktif.
Abstract
44
APLIKASI MIKORIZA DALAM REMEDIASI LAHAN
TERCEMAR LIMBAH INDUSTRI TEKSTIL
Studi Kasus : Pesawahan di kawasan industri Rancaekek
Arief Rachmat1, Asep Mulyono2, Intan Ratna Dewi3, Ana Fadilah Rusydi1
1
Puslit Geoteknologi LIPI
2
UPT Loka Uji Teknik Penambangan dan Mitigasi Bencana Liwa LIPI
3
Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran
Sari
45
Abstract
Increased industrial area which directly reduces the productive lands that
receive the effects appear marginal lands or contaminated with industrial waste.
Hundreds of hectares of paddy lands in Rancaekek, can not be tilled because of
exposure to the waste as the impact of industrial waste disposal through
Cikijing river which is the source of irrigation. One is the increased sodium
content in the soil as a result of irrigation from Cikijing river. According to
Puslittanak in 2002, paddy lands contain Sodium reached 12.97 me/100g soil
(classified as very high). Land remediation from the high of sodium content is
consider to be done so that the soil quality changes better.
Land remediation research has been conducted in greenhouse Faculty of
Agriculture, Padjadjaran University. Application of land remediation
technology that is applied is by application Mycorrhiza on contaminated land.
The research was initiated by taking soil samples at contaminated land that was
placed on plots planted to paddies. Application plots divided into 10 plots
which divided into plot without Mycorrhiza and 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90
and 100 g of Mycorrhiza in plots. Soil analysis done at the time before and after
application particularly sodium content in the soil.
The result of soil analysis before applying Mycorrhiza on experimental plots
show sodium content in the soil amounted to 7.42 me/100g soil. After the
application Mycorrhiza seen that the reduction in sodium content in the soil
decreased 22-46% with the application of Mycorrhiza on contaminated land.
Results of analysis showed the content of the soil after application of sodium in
soil ranges from 4:03 - 5.79 me/100g soil.
46
PEMODELAN GEOLOGI TEKNIK
AMBLESAN TANAH (LAND SUBSIDENCE) DI KOTA SEMARANG
Sari
Abstract
48
PENGEMBANGAN DAN PENGELOLAAN DAERAH PENYANGGA
KAWASAN JALAN CAGAK DI SUBANG BAGIAN SELATAN
Sari
Abstract
Buffer zone has a main role for natural preservation zone which combines
conservation interest and society economy. Subdistricts located in Jalan Cagak
Development Zone are the crucial zones whereas some of them belong to
protected forest, natural, and water conservation zones, and support the society
economy. Buffer zone can be optimally used by a management on environmental
service utilization, economical value, and society land conservation. The
balance of buffer zone in the research area is bothered due to there are land
49
opening especially for the building of settlement. This case needs the more
concern in order to optimize the utilization of the zone without reducing the
land capability. An alternative to optimize the buffer zone is dividing the buffer
zone into three zones as green zone, interaction zone, and cultivation zone.
Every zone has a different land utilization depends on economical and
ecological value to support natural resource conservation. The applying of this
buffer zone is expected as an input for the local government in determining a
policy on land management in southern part of Subang Regency.
Keywords: buffer zone, land opening, green zone, interaction zone, cultivation
zone
50
PENGETAHUAN PERUBAHAN IKLIM BAGI PETANI UNTUK
MENGATASI GAGAL PANEN DI DAERAH SUBANG BAGIAN
SELATAN
Sari
Abstract
Subang regency is one of central of production for the national rice. But
recently, change of climate anomaly make the rice production will be decrease
51
to 15 percent. While planning for Rice Production in Subang regency in this
year is 1 million ton in dry shell of rice will be threatened to be harvested. The
rain comedown uncertain especially at dry season result the sunlight required
to illuminate the rice decrease and admission filling of rice less be optimal so
that rice productivity always decrease.
Subang regency is one of central of production for the national rice. But
recently, change of climate anomaly make the rice production will be decrease
to 15 percent. While planning for Rice Production in Subang regency in this
year is 1 million ton in dry shell of rice will be threatened to be harvested. The
rain comedown uncertain especially at dry season result the sunlight required
to illuminate the rice decrease and admission filling of rice less be optimal so
that rice productivity always decrease.
Subang regency is one of central of production for the national rice. But
recently, change of climate anomaly make the rice production will be decrease
to 15 percent. While planning for Rice Production in Subang regency in this
year is 1 million ton in dry shell of rice will be threatened to be harvested. The
rain comedown uncertain especially at dry season result the sunlight required
to illuminate the rice decrease and admission filling of rice less be optimal so
that rice productivity always decrease.
That’s way needed recognition of climate lesson for farmer with the simple
Ianguage and easy to understood. All farmer shall be taught the way of
recognizing rainfall, speed and wind direction, dampness, also air temperature.
Others defined restating of rain period to know the anomaly that happened. This
condition shall be supported with good facility from local government. With the
existence of this knowledge farmer do not force to plant the second rice if
rainfall forecasted to minimize or very high and change to other plant. With this
study is expected can upgrade the farmer and overcome to fail the crop.
52
PENGELOLAAN LAHAN PASCATAMBANG : KAJIAN IMPLKASI
KUARI TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN KAWASAN BATUGAMPING DI
CITEUREUP, KABUPATEN BOGOR, JAWA BARAT
Sari
54
ANALISIS RENCANA TATA RUANG WILAYAH
PROPINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR
BERDASARKAN KESESUAIAN LAHAN DAN DAYA DUKUNG
LINGKUNGAN
Sari
Abstract
56
MIKROZONASI DAERAH POTENSI GERAKAN TANAH BERBASIS
PENGINDERAAN JAUH DAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS DI
WILAYAH CIANJUR BAGIAN SELATAN, JAWA BARAT
Sari
Cianjur Selatan merupakan kawasan yang berada pada jalur pegunungan Jawa
bagian selatan dengan topografinya berbukit-bukit dan bergunung-gunung.
Wilayah ini dijadikan salah satu prioritas utama dalam program pembangunan
untuk membuka isolasi dan menggali potensi sumberdaya alam di daerah
tersebut. Berdasarkan Peta zona kerentanan gerakan tanah Provinsi Jawa Barat
daerah ini dikategorikan zona gerakan tanah menengah dan tinggi. Di wilayah
ini peristiwa gerakan tanah dengan korban jiwa dan kerugian yang cukup besar.
Hal ini merupakan indikator perlunya pemetaan mikrozonasi kerentanan gerakan
tanah dengan pendekatan penginderaan jauh dan analisis spasial dari sistem
Informasi geografis. Berdasarkan interpretasi citra satelit dan pengamatan
lapangan menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi daerah potensi gerakan tanah
dijumpai di bagian tengah dan utara daerah penelitian. Faktor kemiringan lereng,
jenis batuan dan curah hujan merupakan penyebab utama terjadinya gerakan
tanah di daerah ini. Wilayah dengan kerentanan gerakan tanah tinggi dijumpai
pada daerah yang disusun oleh satuan batupasir tufaan dari Formasi Koloberes
dan satuan batuan gunung api berupa lava dan breksi dengan jenis didominasi
oleh jatuhan batuan (“rock fall”). Kemudian wilayah dengan kerentanan sedang
dijumpai pada satuan batupasir tufaan Formasi Bentang, sedang wilayah dengan
kerentanan rendah dijumpai pada satuan aluvial dan endapan lain yang
mempunyai morfologi datar hingga bergelombang lemah. Hasil pemetaan dapat
digunakan sebagai salah satu parameter perencanaan pada tingkat perencana dan
pengambil kebijakan, dapat pula berfungsi pula sebagai data untuk
meningkatkan kewaspadaan (awareness) di tingkat daerah pada tingkat
kecamatan atau desa, dengan lebih mengenal kondisi daerah yang berpotensi
longsor dan letak dimana bencana alam mungkin terjadi.
57
Abstract
South Cianjur is a region located in southern Java mountain path with hilly and
mountainous topography. This region is identified as one of the main priorities
in the development program to open the isolation and the potential of natural
resources in the area. Based on maps of landslide susceptibility zones of West
Java Province have been designated zone area middle and high ground
movement. In this region of landslide events with fatalities and losses are quite
large. This is an indicator of the need for mapping of landslide susceptibility
microzonation with the approach of remote sensing and spatial analysis of
geographic information systems. Based on the interpretation of satellite imagery
and field observations show that the concentration of potential landslides are
found in central and northern areas of research. Factor slope, rock type and
rainfall is a major cause of landslides in this area. Areas with high vulnerability
of landslides observed in the area be formed by the unit tuffaceous sandstone of
Koloberes Formation and volcanic rock units in the form of lava and breccia
with type dominated by falling rocks ("rock fall"). Then the region with the
medium vulnerability was observed in tuffaceous sandstone unit of Bentang
Formation, while areas with low vulnerability found in the units of alluvial and
other deposits that have flat to undulating low morphology. Results of mapping
can be used as one parameter of planning at the level planners and policy
makers, can also function as well as data to raise awareness at the local level in
sub-district or village level, by getting to know the condition of areas prone to
landslide and the location where natural disasters may occur.
58
KARAKTERISTIK LONGSORAN AKTIF PASIR MUNJUL
BERDASARKAN PENDEKATAN GEOFISIKA DAN GEOTEKNIK
Sari
Abstract
The presence of active landslide in Pasir Munjul Village, Purwakarta not only
have threatened the residents but also the toll road at KM 92. A series of
geophysical and geotechnical investigations was carried to map the entrapped
pockets of groundwater and identify the possible sliding surface within the
landslide body. The geophysical survey consisted of 12 (twelve) resistivity
tomography profiles, meanwhile the geotechnical investigations consisted of
geotechnical drilling and Dilatometer (DMT) tests. The results of resistivity
images analysis shows the presence of low resistivity zone (< 55m) at the depth
> 5m from the slope surface, associated with the entrapped pockets of
groundwater. Based on the geotechnical investigations, the sliding zones are
located within the depths of 5-10 m in highly weathered claystone. Therefore,
59
the presence of entrapped groundwater within the sliding zone is the factor,
which is responsible for reactivation of the landslide in this area.
60
Daftar Abstrak Presentasi Poster Topik II
“Sumber Daya Mineral , Energi, Air dan rekayasa Mineral (SMAR)”
61
PERUBAHAN EKOSISTEM DALAM PENCEMARAN PERAIRAN DI
SUNGAI CILIWUNG DAN PANTAI ANCOL – TELUK JAKARTA
BERDASARKAN INDIKATOR BIOLOGI
Ade Suriadarma1
1
Pusat Penelitian Geoteknologi – LIPI
Kompleks LIPI, Jl. Sangkuriang Bandung
Tlp. 022 – 2507771, 2503654, Fax. 022 - 2504593
Sari
62
Kata kunci : Perubahan ekosistem, pencemaran perairan, s. Ciliwung, Ancol,
indikator biologi.
Abstract
Key words: ecosystem changed, water pollution, Ciliwung River, Ancol Beach,
biology indicator
63
PENINGKATAN KUALITAS BATUBARA
MELALUI PENGURANGAN ABU BATUBARA SANGGO, BAYAH
DENGAN FRAKSI BUTIR
M. Ulum A. Gani 1)
1)
Pusat Penelitian Geoteknologi, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia-LIPI
Jl. Cisitu-Sangkuriang, Bandung 40135 , Tlp: 2507771, Fax: 2504593
Email:; ulumgany@yahoo.com, ulumgany@techie.com; ulum@geotek.lipi.go.id
Sari
Abstract
Proximate analysis to Sanggo coal, Bayah indicates that it has a high content
of ash. In the utilization of this coal as acombustion , its ash content create an
environmental negative- impact such as : decrease the coal heat, the short
combustion as well as to destroy of combusttion furnace.
To decrease this negative impact to its utilization, the research had been
carried out by the particle size fraction method.
The research method for increasing its ash content based on particle size
fraction method which consisting of characterization and sizing of particle size.
Characterization is carried out by some analysis consisting of proximate,
ultimate, XRD and petrographycal analysis; while the particle zize fraction is
carried out by comminution using ball mill, sizing with sizing time of 10, 20, 30
and 40 minutes to particle size of -3+7; -7+2; -65+80; -80+100 and -100
meesh. After that , each of this particle size fraction is analyzed its ash content
Based on the characteristic of this coal by proximate analysis indicates that it
has a high content of ash of 27.42 % which is supported by petrographycal
analysis with mineral matter content of 29.20 %, dominated by minerals of
pyrite and nacrite. In addition to, based of petrographycal analysis with vitrinite
reflectance of 0.46 related to coal classification of Cock, 1982 that this coal is
classified as sub bituminous rank.While based of its ash content of each particle
size fraction indicates that the finer particle size, the higher content of ash, in
the other hand the coarser particle size, the lower of ash content. The higher of
ash content is shown by sizing time of 30 minutes of particle size of -65+80
mesh by its ash content on an average of 41 % and the lower of ash content is
indicated by particle size of -3+7 with ash content on an average of 13 %.
65
GENESA DAN KARAKTER ZEOLIT DAERAH PADANGHERANG
DAN KALIPUCANG, KABUPATEN CIAMIS, JAWA BARAT
Sari
Zeolit di Padaherang dan Kalipucang, Kabupaten Ciamis terjadi dari ubahan tufa
gelas anggota Formasi Jampang, yang disebabkan oleh proses diagenesa.
Hasil analisis petrografi, dan X Ray Diffraction (XRD) menunjukkan zeolit
yang dapat terdeteksi di dalam batuan tufa gelas adalah jenis mordenit. Analisis
kimia terutama dari nilai LOI(Loss Of Ignition) dan penghitungan KTK
(Kapasitas Tukar Kation) keduanya menunjukkan hasil yang sesuai, jika LOI
dan KTK tinggi dapat menunjukkan bahwa kandungan zeolit di dalam batuan
tufa gelas tinggi, dan sebaliknya jika LOI dan KTK rendah maka zeolit di dalam
batuan tersebut akan rendah. Nilai Loss Of Ignition (LOI) dari masing-masing
conto batuan : CMS 1-1 ( 7,11 %), CMS 1-2 (15,38%), CMS 3b (10,91%), CMS
4c (13,16%), dan nilai KTK : CMS1-1 (54,1 Meq/gr), CMS 1-2 (139,34
Meq/gr), CMS 3b (90,39 Meq/gr), CMS 4c (108,50 Meq/gr),
Zeolit Ciamis berdasarkan ukuran butir dapat dibedakan menjadi dua, yaitu
zeolit berbutir halus yang didapatkan di Babakan Jaya, Padangherang dan zeolit
berbutir kasar di Tunggilis, Kalipucang. Zeolit berbutir halus mempunyai nilai
KTK > 100 meq/gr, sedangkan zeolit berbutir kasar mempunyai nilai KTK <
100 meq/ gr.
Kata kunci : Zeolit, Ciamis, diagenesa, tufa gelas, mordenit, LOI, KTK
Abstract
67
PENELITIAN PENDAHULUAN BATUAN INDUK HIDROKARBON
DI DAERAH BOGOR DAN CIANJUR, JAWA BARAT
Sari
Abstract
The purpose of the study which has been carried in the Bogor and Cianjur
areas, was wheter the surface samples of fine grain clastic sediments, including
their lithofacies characteristics, posses source rock potential. The method used
is the field and laboratory research. Field research includes detailed
stratigraphic observations and taking rock samples, laboratory analysis is
composed of TOC content analysis and Rock Eval Pyrolysis analysis.
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The TOC analysis on ten samples claystone taken from the Jatiluhur dan
Citarum Formation showing values ranging between 0.04 % to 1.28%. The
analyses indicate that six samples showing moderate potential and the
remaining four samples as having low potential to generated hydrocarbon.
Rock Eval Pyrolysis was conducted on 6 samples with potential hydrocarbon
generating characteristic, with Tmax value between 431 - 451 oC. The value
showed that 4 samples are categorized mature level, while the rest are
immature. HI values varying between 21 – 101 mg HC/g TOC. Based on those
analyses the source rock is potentially suggested to generate a small quantity of
gas.
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PENDUGAAN KUANTITAS KOMPONEN SUMBERDAYA AIR DI
WILAYAH PENGALIRAN SUNGAI CILIWUNG CISADANE
Sari
Abstract
Study of water resources component estimation have been carried out in order
to estimate the availability of water resources in Ciliwung and Cisadane
catchment area. Components of water resources are rainfall, surface runoff,
evapotranspiration, shallow and deep ground water recharge. The data use in
the study were rainfall data from 13 stations spread over the study area, Aster
images satellite in 2008, topografi map scale 1: 25.000, Soil map scale 1:
100,000 and geological maps scale 1: 100,000. Estimation of water resources
components was carried out using CN(SCS/NRCS), distribution of soil water
tension (pF) and hydraulic conductivity (k) difference and Geographical
Information System. The results showed that 12,995,3 million m3 of rainfall in
WPS Ciliwung Cisadane have been quantified into a form surface runoff,
evapotranspiration, shallow and deep groundwater recharge.
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PENGEMBANGAN ZEOKERAMIK BERBAHANBAKU LIMBAH PADAT
INDUSTRI SEBAGAI BAHAN BANGUNAN RAMAH LINGKUNGAN
Sari
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Abstract
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ANALISIS DAYA TAMPUNG SUNGAI DI KOTA GARUT TERHADAP
BEBAN PENCEMARAN ORGANIK MENGGUNAKAN METODA
STREETER-PHELPS
Sari
73
Abstract
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HIDROKIMIA PULAU NUNUKAN DAN SEBATIK
Sari
Pulau Nunukan dan Pulau Sebatik merupakan sebagian pulau terluar yang
terletak di Kalimantan Timur Indonesia berbatasan dengan Malaysia. Penelitian
sumberdaya air di daerah tersebut diperlukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik
dan ketersediaan airtanah dan airpermukaan sebagai kebutuhan primer
masyarakat setempat.
Tulisan ini merupakan bagian dari penelitian tersebut. Untuk itu dilakukan
pengambilan conto airtanah dan airpermukaan dilakukan pada beberapa 42 titik
terpilih, conto air yang didapatkan kemudian diperiksan kandungan besi,
mangan dan ion utamanya dengan metoda spektrofotometri, flamefotometri dan
titrasi kompleksometri.
Dari hasil pemeriksaan di laboratorium diketahui bahwa karakteristik
sumberdaya air disetiap lokasi bersifat khas dan terbatas. Di Pulau Nunukan
bagian timur ditemukan airtanah dan airpermukaan dengan kandungan Fe dan
Mn yang melewait ambang batas “Syarat-syarat dan Pengawasan Kualitas Air
Bersih” menurut Permenkes No.416/1990 yaitu kandungan besi sampai 1,0 mg/l
dan kandungan mangan sampai 0,5 mg/l. Kandungan Fe di P.Sebatik adalah
0,005 – 3,48 mg/l dan di P.Nunukan bagian timur 0,12 – 9 mg/l. Sementara
kandungan Mn di P.Sebatik adalah 0 – 0,92 mg/l dan di P.Nunukan bagian timur
adalah 0 – 3,70 mg/l. Tingginya kandungan Fe dan Mn kemungkinan
dipengaruhi oleh kondisi geologi daerah setempat.
Pengamatan terhadap ion utama menunjukkan bahwa daerah penelitian memiliki
2 pola aliran air tanah yang berbeda, yaitu pola airtanah terbuka dengan
kandungan ion utama relatif tinggi dan pola aliran tertutup dengan kandungan
ion utama relatif rendah. Airtanah dengan pola aliran tertutup memiliki
kandungan ion yang hampir sama dengan air hujan yaitu kandungan ion utama
bikarbonat < 60 mg/l, dan kandungan ion utama klorida < 9 mg/l.
Secara umum potensi sumberdaya air di P.Sebatik dan P.Nunukan bagian timur
masih dapat memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakatnya.
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Abstract
Nunukan and Sebatik Islands are some outer island that located in East
Kalimantan bordered with Malaysia. Research of water resources is this area
are needed to understand the characteristics and availability of groundwater
and surface water as primary needs of local communities.
This paper is part of that research. For that, Groundwater and surface water
samples were taken at 42 selected locate, water samples which obtained then
checked the content of iron, manganese and major ions by spectrophotometric,
flamephotometri and titration.
Observation of the major ions showed that the study area has 2 different
patterns of groundwater flow, which open flow pattern showed groundwater
major ions content is relatively high and closed flow pattern with a relatively
low content of major ions. Groundwater flow pattern covered with ions contain
almost the same as rain water is the major ion content of bicarbonate <60 mg /
l, and chloride content of major ions <9 mg/l.
In general, water resource potential in east part of Nunukan and Sebatik Island
are still to meet community needs.
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KONSEP PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN DI KAWASAN PLTP
DITINJAU DARI ASPEK SUMBER DAYA AIR
Sari
Kata Kunci : panas bumi, energy, air limbah, sumur, sumber air
Abstract
78
EKSPLORASI VARIABEL INDEKS KEMISKINAN AIR SEBAGAI
KONSEP USAHA PENGURANGAN KEMISKINAN
(STUDI PENDAHULUAN)
Sari
Abstract
The aim of this research is the concept of poverty alleviation through increased
availability of clean water. The research method is based on exploration of
variables making up the water poverty index (WPI). WPI is a composite index
which is a combination of index components of resources, access, capacity, use,
and environment. Poverty alleviation can be done by improving water
availability. The main cause can be ascertained from water poverty index value
of each component of WPI. The approach by way of such index allows
comparing ability of people in one area to another and identifying poor who are
most vulnerable to threat of reduced water supply. Thus in this study there were
two variables that are associated poverty and water poverty. The dimensions of
poverty would be based on component capacity (dependent variable). While the
water factor seen from the four other components (independent variables).
Method of data processing use mathematical calculations of WPI, statistical,
and GIS. While the concept builds upon the results of regression between the
components (indicators) that has coefficient regression ≥ 40%. While strategy in
improving water supply services is based on the results of analysis of each index
component of WPI. Research conducted in the watershed scale, namely Citarum
watershed. The results showed that of 71 districts located in Bandung Basin,
there are 4 districts that have a WPI value above 50%. The four districts are
Nagreg Cicalengka, Ciwidey-Rancabali, Cililin-Cihampelas, and Majalaya-
Solokanjeruk. Results of regression between the value of the five index
components of WPI with WPI values provide a relatively equal numbers in the
range is quite strong (r = 0.4 to 0.6). Thus the five components of WPI have
equal weight. While the regression results of every indicator shows that
education and income affect livelihoods. Furthermore, income affects
purchasing power parity and consumption patterns, including consumption of
clean water. The poor would be very disturbed when the availability of clean
water becomes scarce (quantity and quality), thus adding a further burden of
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expenditure implications for the level of welfare. Thereby reducing water
poverty is expected to help indirectly in reducing poverty.
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