1.

1 Understanding that humans have basic needs

Give energy
To breathe
Grow
Stay healthy

Food Air

Basic Needs
Of Human

Water
Shelter
Drinks
Grow To protect from
• danger
Stay healthy
• extreme weather
• sun & rain
1.2 Understanding that animals have basic needs

Give energy
To breathe
Grow
Stay healthy

Food Air

Types :
Basic Needs • holes
Of Animals • cave
• nest
• beehive

Water
Shelter
Drinks
Grow To protect from
• danger
Stay healthy
• extreme weather
• sun & rain
1.3 Understanding that plants have basic needs

Plants Have Basic Needs

Air Water Sunlight

With : Without :
• grow healthy • wilted
• grow well • Turn yellow
• not wilted • Die
2.1 Analysing life processes that humans undergo

Inhale – take in air

Nose/Mouth Wind-pipe Lungs
Exhale – give out air
Organs
Purpose :
• avoid danger Breathing Rate of breath
• avoid getting hurt Number of chest movement
• avoid getting injured
In a period of time
• to survive

Respond To Analysing Life Processes That

Human Undergo Reproduce
Stimuli

A process to produce
Organs
Excrete Defecate their young or offspring
Eyes - Sight
Nose - Smell Lungs Faeces
( Carbon dioxide
Tongue - Taste + water vapour )
Ears - Sound Kidney ( urine + mineral salt )
Skin - Touch Skin ( Sweat + mineral salt )
2.2 Being aware that certain behaviour can disturb life processes

Behaviour That Can Disturb

Life Processes

Smoking Drinking Alcohol Taking Drug

Effects
• Lung cancer Effects
• Coughing • Delay respond to stimuli
How to avoid • Lose ability to walk in straight line
• Can cause accidents

Occupied time with beneficial activities

Participate in a campaign
Discourage among their peers
2.3 Analysing the life processes that animals undergo

Animals Life Processes

Excrete Defecate Breathing Reproduce

To get rid of waste product Organs Lay Eggs Give Birth

from their bodies cat
butterfly
tiger
bird bat
whale

Lungs Gills Lungs-book Moist Trachea

• monkey • fish • crab Skin Structure
• bird • prawn • frog • insects
• whale • earthworm
Science Year 4
INVESTIGATING LIVING THINGS
2. Living Things Undergo Life Processes
the part of plant that responds
plants respond to stimuli. to water
water, sunlight, touch, gravity.

various ways plants reproduce Roots

through…seeds, spores, suckers, stem cutting,
leaves, underground stem. the part of plant that responds
to gravity.

2.4 Roots

Life processes
plants undergo the part of plant that responds
to sunlight.
what will happen to the world if
plants do not reproduce. Shoot

no food supply.
plants reproduce.

Seeds – balsam, corn, durian the part of plant that responds

Spores – fern, mushroom
to touch.
Suckers – banana, pineapple
why plants need to reproduce
Stem cutting – hibiscus, rose, tapioca
Leaves – bryophyllum, begonia
to ensure the survival of the species.
Stem – potato, onion, ginger and lily
 3.1 animals have specific characteristics and
behaviour to protect themselves

Special characteristics The special characteristics and special behaviour

of animals that protect them behaviour of animals help to of animals that protect them
protect them from danger. from danger.
from danger.

Sharp claws
To protect themselves and their
Thick and hard skin
Young from the enemies- lion ,cat,
To prevent their enemies from injuring
Bears, and eagle.

Hard shell Pretend to dead

Snails and tortoise retract their head To trick their enemies –e.g.: beetle
And legs into the shell when the are
Attacked by enemies
Camouflage
Hard scales
Has body colour or patterns that that are
Pangolins and crocodiles have hard
Similar to the surrounding
scales To protect their bodies
from injuries
Spines Spray black ink
Raise the sharp spines when Dark surrounding helps the animal not
the enemies to been seen by enemies
Advance towards them – e.g: octopus, squid

Horns Poisonous sting or fangs

Use their horn to attack enemies. Can hurt and kill enemies-e.g..: scorpion,
centipede snake , bee.
 3.2/3.3
Animals have specific characteristics
and behaviour to protect themselves from
extreme weather and survive

specific characteristics and how specific characteristics and

behavior of animals that protect behavior of animals help to protect
them from very hot and cold weather. them from very hot or cold weather.

Hot weather Cold weather

Wrinkled Skin
Elephant ,hippopotamuses and buffaloes
lose body heat through wrinkled skins
Wallowing
Elephant, hippopotamuses and buffaloes
keep their body cool by wallowing in
mud holes
Humps
Camels store food and water in the form
Of fats in the humps on their back.
Thick Fur
Polar bears have thick fur to prevent the body
From losing heat to cold surroundings.
Fat Layers Under The Skins
Penguins, seals, and whales have fat layers under
their skin to keep their bodies warm
Small Ears
Seals and Walruses have small ears to prevent
Heat loss from their bodies.
Hibernate
Polar bears hibernates during extreme cold
Weather
 3.4 Plants have
specific characteristics to protect
themselves from enemy

The specific characteristics How the specific

of plants that protect them characteristics of
from enemies plants help to
protect them
from enemies.
Produces characteristics that
latex protect plants.

Have thorns

poisonous
Have fine hairs
Close leaflets
when touch
 3.5 Plants have specific characteristics to
protect themselves from dry region and
strong wind

strong wind
dry region

Eg: Coconut tree,

. bamboo tree,
Eg : cactus mangrove tree

a. Long roots to absorb water

b. Succulent stem can store a. Have stems that bend easily
water b. Have buttress roots
c. Thorn can can prevent c. Have separated leaves
the excessive loss of d. Needle- shaped leaves
water
INVESTIGATING FORCE AND
ENERGY
 1.3 Solid
1.2 Area Volume
1.4 Liquid

1.1 Length
MEASUREMENT 1.5 Mass

1.7 Standard units 1.6 Time

 Measuring tape String Arm span
Terminology

Cubit
- The distance
Ways to measure
between two
points/place/position
Ruler

1.1Length Standard Tools

Correct technique
Measuring tape Ruler
- The eye must be
directly above the
end of object
Unit

mm cm m km
 Terminology
1.2 Area Standard unit

- Square millimetre (mm2)

- Area is the amount of - Square centimetre (cm2)
Space taken up by the - Square metre (m2)
surface of an object. - Square kilometre (km2)

Different ways to measure area

- Using formula
- by placing uniform - Using square card with a
objects such as tiles, 2cm
sides of 1 centimetre
books and stamps
on the surface of 3cm 4cm
the objects Area = length X width
1cm = 4cm X 2 cm
3cm = 8cm2
1cm
 The amount of space that
something takes up measuring
cylinder

Terminology
Length x width x height Tools

Formula
Volume 1.4 Liquid

Standard Units
1.3 Solid
Correct technique
ml, l

Standard Units
a) taking the reading at the
lowest part of the meniscus.
mm3, cm3, m3 b) eyes must be at the same level
as the lowest part of the meniscus
 Terminology Correct technique

- Amount of matter in
an object

1.5 Mass
Electronic
balance

Simple Tools Bathroom Standard unit

balance scale

Beam Kitchen Lever

balance scale balance mg g kg
 Terminology Standard unit

1.6 Time
- Duration between - Second , minute , hour
two event

Way to measure
Tool

Process that repeats uniformly

can be used to measure time - Digital clock , watch ,
wrist watch , clock

Events can be used measuring time

Old clock
-Swinging pendulum
-Pulse rate candle
- Sundial , sand
-water dripping
clock , candle clock
-Changing day and night
1.7 The Importance of Standard Units

- for accuracy and - easy to communicate

consistency and understanding
Investigating
Materials
metal carbon glass plastics wood

Light to pass
Conduct Insulator
through
electricity

1.1
The properties of materials

Float on water Sink in water Can be stretch conduct heat

wood stone rubber ring metal

 1.2
Applying knowledge
properties of materials in everyday life

Suggest ways Suggest ways

to keep things hot to keep things cold

Covered with insulators

hot thing cold thing

To prevent prevent from

heat loss absorbing heat
 1.3
Uses of
materials based on their properties

List of object
and materials that they Reason why particular
are made of materials are used to
make an object

object materials properties

spoon metal hard

cheap strength
tissue wood Soft
glasses glass transparent
easy to get good quality
 1.4
The importance of
reuse, reduce and recycle of materials

wood cotton metal plastics synthetic cloth

natural Man-made
materials rubber glass
materials

State that man-made materials

comes from natural materials

reducing reusing recycling

public transport plastic bag bottle plastics glass

1.6 RUSTING CAN BE PREVENTED

DIFFERENT WAYS TO THE NECESSARY TO

PREVENT OBJECTS FROM
RUSTING PREVENT RUSTING

Coating with non *Everlasting Live

rusting materials
*Save Natural
*paint
material
*oil
*Save Cost
*grease
*Looking good

*Conclusion; Rusting can be avoided by preventing iron contact

with air and water.
 UNDERSTANDING THAT SOME
MATERIALS CAN BE RUST

RUSTY OBJECTS NON RUSTY

OBJECTS

OBJECT MADE OF OBJECT MADE OF

IRON AND STEEL GLASS PLASTIC,
WOOD, CLAY AND SILK

*Nail *Glass
*Spoon *Bottle
*Knife *Cup
*Needle *Pencil
INVESTIGATING
THE EARTH
AND
THE UNIVERSE
-Nine Planets
Mercury – My
-Natural satellites
-Meteors
THE Venus – Very
Earth – Excellent
-Comets SOLAR Mars – Mother
-Asteroids
SYSTEM Jupiter – Just
Saturn – Served
Uranus – Us
Neptune – Nine
List of Pluto – Pudding
constituents

List of planets
1.1
The solar system

Planets
move around
the Sun
 the Moon
the Earth the Earth
the Sun 4
100 1
1
Size of the Earth
Size of the Sun
relative to the size
relative to the size
of the Moon.
of the Earth. 1.2 The relative size
and distance between
the Earth, the Moon
and the Sun
The relative distance from
the Earth to the Sun compared
to the relative distance from the
Earth to the Moon.

the Earth the Moon

the Sun
150 000 000 km 382 500 km
1 : 400

•The nearer a planet to the Sun is,
the hotter is the surface of the planet .
•The farther a planet from the Sun is,
the colder is the surface of the planet.
•Do not have enough air and water.
Much nearer :
•The temperature on the Earth would rise.
•Water on Earth would evaporate.
•No water and the temperature would be
very hot.
Much farther :
•The temperature on the Earth would drop.
•Water would freeze into ice.
•All living things would die.

1.3
Appreciating the perfect placement
of the planet Earth in the
Solar System
Why certain planets
are not conducive
for living things.
The Earth is EFFECT
the only planet in the
Solar System that
has living things.

•Earth is the third planet from the Sun, it receives enough light
and heat from the Sun.
•It is not too hot or too cold.
•The atmosphere of the Earth contains air and there is water
on Earth.
INVESTIGATING
TECHNOLOGY
 1.1.Understanding the importance of technology in everyday life

Examples of human limitations are

Limitation of human ability • Unable to see fine objects
•Unable to speak loud
•Unable to walk for long distance
•Unable to see far away objects
Microscope
- The usage of lens to see fine
features of objects and microbes
Microphone
-To increase the voice volume
Telephone Devices to overcome
-To communicate from long distance human limitation
Bicycle, motorcycle, airplanes
-Can travel long distance
in a shorter time
Telescope, binocular
- To see far away objects
 Agriculture
TECHNOLOGY
e.g.:
hoe plough tractor
1.2
Understanding The
Development Of
Technology
combine harvester
Transportation
Land: Animal bicycle
car train
Examples Air: hot air balloon airship
glider aeroplane
Water: canoe raft
sampan ferry
ship
Construction
Communication
Cave hut wooden house
Drawing carrier pigeon
apartment

Telephone
 Cannot move farther
TECHNOLOGY
Problems they
encounter in their daily life

Cannot move and lift heavy thing

1.3
Synthesising Brain storming
how technology
Ideas to solve
can be used to
the problems identified
solve problems
Sketch the model
wheelbarrow
Demonstrate that device
invented can be used to Device to solve
solve the problem lever
the problem identified.
identified

Pulley – can lift everything Wheel barrow – can move heavy thing easily
 1.4 Analysing That Technology Can Benefit Mankind If Used Wisely
Advantages of Technology
•Communication
Enable human to learn more about
things happening around the world
•Transportation
Enable human to travel
far away places in shorter time
•Agriculture
Machines make it easier to plants
and harvest their crops
•Construction
Roads, highways, bridges and
building is easier and faster to build
Disadvantages of Technology
Environmental pollution from increase
In waste materials
Environmental destruction result from
excessive usage of natural resources
Social problem
Bad effects on health result from
environmental pollution and excessive
use of chemicals