Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian

Disampaikan di:
Dewan Nasional Perubahan Iklim, 14 Jan 2011

Eddy Satriya
Asdep Urusan Telematika dan Utilitas
Deputi Bidang Koordinasi Infrastruktud dan Pengembangan Wilyah
 Indonesia’s Commitment

Pada G20 Summit,

President Susilo
Bambang
Yudhoyono
menyampaikan
komitmen target
penurunan emisi
sebesar 26% pada
tahun 2020

Sumber: Presentasi DNPI, FGD Green ICT 2

 The most energy intensive
sectors…
Delivered Energy Consumption by Sector
40
History Projections
Transportation
30
Industrial
Quadrillion BTU

20

Residential
10 Commercial

0
1980 1990 2006 2020 2030

Sumber: EIA Annual Energy Outlook 2008 3

 … are also the least smart
Information and
Company Percentage of Revenue Communications Technology.
Segment Spent on IT Cleantech Global Opportunity
300
Media 8.2%
250
Professional Services 6.9%
Information Technology 6.9%

Billions (Euros)
200
Financial Services 5.9%
Electronics 5.6% 150
Banking 5.6%
Pharmaceuticals 5.5% 100
Health Care 4.6%
50
Cross Industry 4.5%
Construction & Engineering 4.4%
0
Transportation 3.9% Motor Logistics Buildings Grid
Systems
Tota € 68 € 280 € 216 € 79
Transport Electricity
Sumber : Smart 2020 Report, 2008 Primary Energy Storage
Carbon 4
 Decoupling Economic Growth
from Energy Consumption

The effect ICT is having in decoupling GDP from corresponding

increases in energy and greenhouse gas emissions

Sumber: Intel White Paper Report

5
What have we done so far?
Latest AP Meeting in Jakarta reveals that’s we still
have many assignments to be finished and agendas to
be carried out in order to meet our commitments.
(10.000mW; Ren Energy; Blue Energy etc.)

This green ICT findings is just a minor effort for a huge task!

6
 The Inconvenient Truth
Gartner analyst merilis statistik yang menyatakan bahwa
diperkirakan pembuatan, penggunaan dan pembuangan
peralatan ICT memberikan kontribusi sekitar 2% dari
emisi global CO2. Dan penelitian lainnya menyatakan
sekitar setengah dari seluruh konsumsi energi ICT
berasal dari peralatan kantor termasuk PC, laptop,
printer dan telepon.

Mobile telephony alone has the same carbon footprint as

Egypt, a country of over 75 million people
Sumber: Presentasi PT BTEL, FGD Green ICT

7
 THE GLOBAL ICT FOOTPRINT

Sumber : Smart 2020 Report, 2008

8
 Global Telecoms Footprint
(Devices & Infrastructure)

Sumber : The Climate Group, 2008 9

 Composition of the PC Footprint

Sumber : Smart 2020 Report, 2008 10

Dematerialization: Lower Overhead = Less Energy

Traditional Superstore Online Bookstore

(Amazon.com)
Title per store 175,000 2,500,000
Revenue per Operating Emlployee $100,000 $300,000
Annual Inventory Turnover 2 – 3 times 40 – 60 times
Sales per Square Foot $20 $8
Rent per Square Foot $250 $2,000
Energy Cost per Square Foot $1.10 $0.56
Energy Cost per $100 of Sales $0.44 $0.03

Praktek-praktek bisnis baru seperti operasi berbisnis internet dan pergudangan terpusat
Amazon.com tidak hanya lebih produktif, tetapi juga lebih sedikit membutuhkan energi
jadi mengurangi kerusakan lingkungan (WWF)

Sumber: Intel White Paper Report

11
World ICT Statistics

Total Telephone User

= ~6 bilion

0.97 B

World Population 2010 = 6.9 bilion

 Jenis Layanan Unit 2004 2009 2010 * 2014 **
1. Telephone
Satuan
Tetap Sambungan 8,703,218 8,423,973 8,429,180 8,329,180
Satuan
Bergerak Sambungan 32,009,688 190,062,615 200,636,587 298,816,283
Satuan
Total Sambungan 40,712,906 198,486,588 209,065,767 307,145,463
Per 100
Teledensitas penduduk 18,82 86,06 89,79 100

2. Internet
Pelanggan Orang 1.087,428 2,000,000 2,700,000 7000,000

Pengguna Orang 11,226,143 30,000,000 45,000,000 130,000,000

3. Broadband
Pengguna Orang 84,900 4,520,000 7,290,000 17,000,000

*) Angka perkiraan sampai dengan Juni 2010 Sumber: Kemkominfo dan Bappenas,
**) Angka perkiraan sampai dengan 2014 diolah
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 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 (Q1)
1. Telepon Tetap
PT Telkom 8,559,350 8,686,131 8,709,211 8,685,000 8,629,783 8,376,793 8,382,000
PT Bakrie telecom 120,990 114,082 68,359 - - - -
PT Indosat 20,000 21,724 26,632 30,479 42,145 44,973 44,973
PT Batam Bintan telekomunikasi 2,878 2,530 2,500 2,393 2,300 2,207 2,207
Total 8,703,218 8,824,467 8,806,702 8,717,872 8,674,228 8,423,973 8,429,180
2. Telepon Mobilitas Terbatas (FWA)
PT Telkom (Flexi) 1,429,368 4,061,800 4,175,853 6,363,000 13,305,181 15,139,057 15,948,000
PT Indosat (Starone) 52,752 249,434 358,980 627,934 761,589 594,133 594,133
PT Bakrie telecom (Esia) 190,961 372,129 1,479,198 3,820,701 7,304,543 10,585,701 10,606,901
PT Mobile-8 Telecom (Hepi) - - - - 332,530 66,763 66,763
Total 1,673,081 4,683,363 6,014,031 10,811,635 21,703,843 26,385,654 27,215,797
3. Telepon Seluler

PT Telkomsel 16,291,000 24,269,000 35,597,000 47,890,000 65,299,991 81,643,532 81,950,000

PT Indosat 9,754,607 14,512,453 16,704,729 24,545,422 36,510,246 33,136,521 39,100,000
PT XL Axiata 3,791,000 6,978,519 9,527,970 15,469,000 26,015,517 31,438,377 32,924,000
PT Mobile-8 (Fren) 500,000 1,200,000 1,825,888 3,012,801 2,701,914 2,805,842 2,805,842
PT Sampoerna Telekomunikasi - 10,609 134,713 310,464 784,343 636,868 636,868
PT Natrindo Telepon Seluler (Axis) - 21,537 12,715 4,788 3,234,800 4,105,156 4,105,156
PT hutchinson CP Telecommunication - - - 2,039,406 4,500,609 7,311,000 7,311,000
PT Smart Telecom - - - - 1,530,823 2,599,665 2,599,665
Total 30,336,607 46,992,118 63,803,015 93,271,881 140,578,243 163,676,961 171,432,531
TOTAL (1+2+3) 40,712,906 60,499,948 78,623,748 112,801,388 170,956,314 198,486,588 207,077,508
 Slicing Eco-Technology

2%*
Opportunity

98%
Sumber : Smart 2020 Report, 2008
The Big Opportunity
15
 207 Million
total phone subscriptions in Indonesia

How does this connectivity impact the environment?

16
Sumber: Modifikasi dari Presentasi PT BTEL, FGD Green ICT
• Konvensi Basel mengatur
Pengawasan Perpindahan Limbah
Berbahaya dan Pembuangannya,
dan mensyaratkan kepada para
Negara-Negara anggota untuk
mampu mengelola dan
membuang limbah Bahan • Indonesia meratifikasi Konvensi
Berbahaya dan Beracun (B3) dan Basel dengan adanya Perpres No.
lainnya secara berwawasan 47/2005 tentang Pengesahan
lingkungan. Amendemen atas Konvensi Basel
dan Perpres No. 60/2005 tentang
Pengesahan Persetujuan
• E-waste → Limbah B3
Kerangka Kerja antara Pemerintah
RI dan Sekretariat Konvensi Basel
17
 Kondisi Limbah Elektronik
(E-Waste)
• Perkembangan industri berbanding lurus dengan peningkatan
limbah B3 yang dihasilkan

• E-waste di Indonesia merupakan timbulan akibat pemakaian

dari dalam negeri dan luar negeri

• Elektronik mengandung bahan kimia seperti merkuri,

cadmium dan PVC yang dapat menyebabkan permasalahan
kesehatan seperti kanker, penyakit otak, dan masalah
reproduksi.
19
 Penanganan E-Waste

• EPA memperkirakan hanya

15-20% e-waste yang di re-
cycled, sisanya berakhir di
landfill

• Produk-produk recycle
sering dikirim ke Negara-
negara berkembang
Sumber: greenlifestyle.or.id

20
 Map of E-waste
Recycling Countries

21
Sumber : greenpeace.org
Don’t let your old gadgets go in the
dumpster!

22
Based on article Giving Those Old Gadgets a Proper Green Burial by Mickey Meece on New
York Times, January 5 - 2011
 Many Americans have outdated technology in
their homes, especially after the holidays when
the average consumer planned to spend a
record $232 on electronics gifts,
according to the Consumer Electronics
Association.

The average household now has 25 devices,

the group says. And a November report, “Tackling High-
Tech Trash,” from Demos, cited government data
showing that Americans owned 3 billion
electronic products, with a turnover rate of about
400 million units each year. Yet less than 14 percent
of those gadgets are recycled, the report noted.
 There are, though, many outlets for consumers to recycle, donate or
trade-in goods such as Best Buy.com and Gazelle.com.

Best Buy has been recycling most

consumer electronics in its stores for two
years. Consumers can drop off, at no charge,
smaller items like CDs/DVDs, rechargeable
batteries and cell phones at kiosks at the
entrance of its stores.

Best Buy will also take up to two larger items

a day at customer service, including televisions
and monitors up to 32 inches, computer C.P.U.’s,
VCRs/DVD players, phones, remotes and
keyboards. The company charges a $10
recycling fee for items with screens,
but gives customers a $10 store gift
card immediately.
Gazelle is a re-Commerce service
that helps sell and recycle
your used electronics such as a cell
phone, laptop, or any other of the
more than 250,000 products.
Gazelle believe electronics
recycling begins with
reuse. Gazelle extend the lives of
used electronics by selling them
through retail and wholesale
outlets. Items without value are
responsibly recycled.

Gazelle refurbishes and resells the

devices at its Gazelle Store on eBay and
overseas.
 About 24 states have passed laws mandating
the recycling of electronic waste,
according to the Electronics TakeBack Coalition,
which promotes responsible recycling. All of the
laws except for California’s require the manufacturer
to pay for recycling. New Jersey’s law took
effect on Jan. 1, while New York’s law comes
into force on April 1.

Elizabeth Grossman, who wrote the Demos

report and is the author of the book “High Tech
Trash” (2007, Island Press), said the manufacturer
take-back programs, which the coalition grades
annually, should be a consumer’s first stop. In the
report, she offers six recommendations to
reduce the stream of e-waste.
6 - recommendations to reduce the stream of e-waste (1 )

»» Expand existing extended producer

responsibility take-back and recycling programs
to cover a greater scope of products and make these
programs more obviously accessible and
convenient to all consumers.

»» End the export of hazardous e-

waste for environmentally unsound and socially
irresponsible materials recovery, processing, and
disposal, following guidelines consistent
with the Basel Convention and its Basel Ban
amendment.

»» Support research and development in green chemistry and

engineering, around two goals: design for- the-environment aimed at reducing use of
hazardous chemicals and other materials in electronics production and finished
products; and design for materials recovery and reuse at the end of product life.
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6 - recommendations to reduce the stream of e-waste (2)

»» Expand the number of recyclers certified

through the e-Stewards program and use of e-
Stewards certified recyclers—including by large
equipment purchasers and e-waste generators such
as the U.S. government.

»» Prohibit the deposit of any electronics or components (including

batteries) in landfills or incinerators.

»» To ensure safety for workers engaged in manufacturing, materials

recovery, and recycling operations, as well as consumer and environmental health
and safety, expand existing workplace “right-to-know” provisions to
cover all facilities in a manufacturer’s supply chain, so that workers are informed of
the use of and potential exposure to any hazardous chemicals
and materials.
29
Green strategy approach isn’t
supposed to be a charity project,
it’s a bussiness !!!

Sumber: Modifikasi dari Presentasi PT BTEL, FGD Green ICT 30

Intelligent Transport

Paperless Office

Broadband

31
Penggunaan ICT yang inovatif dapat mereduksi global
warming, seperti:
 Telecommuting;  E-paper;
 Videoconferencing;  E-learning;
 Online media;  E-goverment;
 E-mail;  E-file.
 E-commerce;

32
 Peran ICT
Peran (1) Peran (2)
(1). Peran ICT dalam Intevensi aksi
mitigasi diluar sektor ICT:

• konsumsi material
• konsumsi energi dan listrik
• mobilitas orang, barang dan
jasa
• efisiensi aktivitas
• efisiensi ruang penyimpanan
• limbah

33
 Contoh Penerapan Green ICT
di Perusahaan
Pada FGD Green ICT yang dilaksanakan Desember 2010 lalu
oleh Kemenko Bidang Perekonomian, terdapat 2 Perusahaan
besar yang masing-masing bergerak di bidang telekomunikasi
dan bidang inovasi teknologi, memaparkan kegiatan Green-
nya, yaitu:

1. PT. BTEL
2. INTEL
3. PT. Huawei
34
1 PT BAKRIE TELECOM
 Penerapan Green PT BTEL

– Cost reduction di lingkungan

internal dengan
pengurangan konsumsi
kertas keperluan kantor dan
penggunaan listrik

– Program EPR dengan

pembelian kembali handset
bekas dari konsumen untuk
didaurulang

36
 Disruptive innovation is Bakrie Telecom’s trademark

Sumber: PT BTEL – FGD Green ICT 37

 Our new BTS free
cooling system reduces
energy consumption
more than 30% and also
reduces our use of
coolant chemicals

Sumber: Presentasi PT BTEL, FGD Green ICT 38

 Change favors growth of products
that

Require less energy & materials

Can be reused or “upcycled”

Have lowest life cycle cost

Sumber: Modifikasi dari Presentasi PT BTEL, FGD Green ICT 39

 Reducing E-waste
40
r:: PT BTEL, FGD Green ICT
2

41
 INTEL’S APPROACH TO ECO-TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Products & Industry

Operations Technologies Initiatives
42
 Penerapan Green INTEL
• Sustainable Operations
Penggunaan energi terbarukan untuk 47% pasokan listriknya dari energi
angin dan matahari
• Product & Technologies
Upaya pengurangan emisi gas rumah kaca dan pemanasan global dengan
inovasi teknologi yang berkonsumsi energi minimum dan memiliki kinerja
optimum (power saver dan peningkatkan kinerja prosesor pada
komputer)
• Industry Initiatives
Intel saat ini mempunyai misi bekerjasama dengan pembuat kebijakan
secara global, untuk mengimplementasikan kebijakan publik yang
memungkinkan dan mengembangkan peranan ICT dalam meningkatkan
efisiensi energi masyarakat dan mengurangi pemanasan global.

43
 The next billion PCs…
Will use half the energy; Will have 17X more compute capability…
Compared with the previous billion PCs
2014
2 Billion PCs Install Base

~17X
Compute
2007
1 Billion PCs Install Base

Energy Compute
~ ½ Energy

Sumber: Intel – FGD Green ICT

Source:INTEL
 ICT impact on other industries
These are examples of
identified industry
development areas

Mechanisms for change - driving

carbon reductions and mitigation
Power
Buildings
Transportation
Industry

Automation Substitution Dematerialization

Building blocks to realize these changes:

•Embedded devices
•Communications
•Sensor networks
Intel and our partners are
•Mobile Devices addressing these
opportunities globally
•PCs and servers
•Super computing

Sumber: INTEL – FGD Green ICT 45

*Source: IDC 2009
 ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT IN THE ENTERPRISE

2005 184 single core servers 2009 21 Intel® Xeon®

5500 based
servers

Up to Up to Annual Energy Costs

8 month 9X 92%
Return on Investment
Server Reduction Estimated Reduction

Sumber: INTEL – FGD Green ICT 46

 Potential Energy Savings with
Managed Client PC’s
Estimated Annual Energy Consumption

1015
938
KWh Consumed per Year
(lower is better)

655
Going
Mobile
229

>26x Reduction 38
Unmanaged Pentium® D Unmanaged Pentium® D Unmanaged Core™2 Duo Managed Core™2 Duo Managed Core™2 Duo
Processor 945 with CRT Processor 945 with LCD Processor E6550 with Processor E6550 with Processor T9400 mobile
display display LCD display LCD display platform

Sumber: INTEL – FGD Green ICT 47

 In the near future:
Home Energy Management System
Running on Your Internet TV

Sumber: INTEL – FGD Green ICT 48

3

49
 Huawei Grows Steadily in Indonesia

The sales steadily increases

 In 2009, the contract sales has reached USD 980 million, with
annual increase of 16,6%
 The contract sales is expected to reach USD 1,2 billion in 2010
 Until year 2009, accumulated tax paid was USD20 million and the
accumulated taxes paid since Huawei has established in
Indonesia reaches USD 40 million

900
850
USD Million
800

Serving leading operators 700

600
600
 Top three leading telecommunications providers in Indonesia
500
 Serving 9 out of 10 leading operators in Indonesia
 Ranks no. 1 in market share in Indonesia on Broadband Access 400
330

(60%) 300

200
 Huawei’s market share in CDMA accounts for 47% in Indonesia
80
Huawei is Indonesia's largest CDMA equipment supplier. 100
40
5 35

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

 Contributing to the Local Economic Growth

Customer-oriented organizational building

 1500 employees, of whom 80% are locals

 1 R&D centers (in Indonesia) focusing software
application
 10 region offices, 17 spare part centers in Indonesia to
provide quick responses across all time zones in
Indonesia

Local investment and procurement

 Since 2000, Huawei has invested 420 million and every year
Huawei spends USD 50million for investment
 Since 2000, Huawei procurement reaches USD 95million
and will be predicted USD 33million which’s hopefully can
successfully opened the job opportunity for 5000 staffs.
Green Communication, Green Huawei, Green World
Green Site, Work for Suitable Development
 Green IT Equipment

Server

Efficient and energy-saving

Energy conservation scheme for the server:
 The dominant frequency is changed according to the load.
 The power consumption is optimized.
 Virtual calculation
The efficiency is improved, and the power consumption is
reduced.

Storage system Energy conservation scheme for the storage system:

 Intelligent fan
 AC/DC power supply technology
 Virtual storage
The power efficiency is improved.

Network devices Energy conservation scheme for network devices:

 Intelligent fan
 Heat dissipation design: air flows in from the left and flows
out from the rear
 Huawei-developed ASIC chip that monitors the power
consumption intelligently
The power consumption decreases by 50% when no load is
bore.
Industry-leading U-shaped heat dissipation aisle

Security system Energy conservation scheme for the security system:

Based on the particular low consumption design, the
power consumption of the security system is only ¼ of
that of peer vendor products.
 Green Infrastructure—Cloud Computing
Reduce IT equipment and reduce power consumption and emission:

Before Virtualization After Virtualization

 Based on the virtualization technology, loads of servers with low efficiencies can be
switched to one server. Generally, loads of 8 to 15 servers can be switched to one
server in the industry. In this way, the power consumption of IT equipment is reduced
greatly, and about 40% of the original hardware and software costs is saved. When a
traditional server is idle, the power consumption is still 80% of the highest power
consumption. After the virtualization technology is adopted, the average server usage
increases from 7% to 60% or even 80%. Therefore, the power consumption decreases
sharply. 55
 BEBERAPA FINDINGS
 Sebagian besar Industri ICT (Information and Communication Technology) atau
TIK sudah aware akan limbah yang dihasilkan begitu pula emisi. Namun masih
gamang dalam menerapkan usaha-usaha optimum menuju Green ICT;

 Pertimbangan revenue (EBITDA) masih membayangi usaha2 menuju Green

ICT;

 Perlu dorongan lebih besar dari seluruh stakeholder untuk menerapkan Green
ICT dalam berbagai subsitem ICT terutama terkait dalam e-waste;

 Kondisi industri dan bisnis ICT serta karakteristik industri ICT sangat
menunjang untuk menjadi contoh bagi sektor lain dalam mewujudkan
komitment pemerintah kita dalam berbagai agenda pembangunan hijau dan
berkelanjutan;

 Diperlukan apresiasi atas inovasi yang dapat “mentrigger” industri ICT

menjadi salah satu motor utama dalam mewujdukan komitmen pemerintah.
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 Saran & Masukan
 Penerapan Green ICT jangan hanya dilakukan di Pusat tapi juga di daerah.
Pendekatan kepada daerah yang tepat dapat mengefektifkan penerapan
Green ICT di Indonesia. Pendekatan harus dilakukan sampai pada level
Kabupaten/Desa agar penerapannya sampai pada masyarakatnya.

 Salah satu usaha untuk meminimalisir konsumsi energi dan sampah elektronik
adalah dengan menerapkan program Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR).
Pelaksanaan green ICT di perusahaan tidak hanya dilakukan dengan program
EPR tetapi juga dengan cost reduction. Cost Reduction yang dilakukan
perusahaan dilakukan dengan pengurangan konsumsi kertas untuk keperluan
kantor dan juga penggunaan listrik.

 Kurikulum pendidikan mengenai Green ICT penting dimasukkan agar

masyarakat dapat lebih selektif memilih barang. Selama ini masyarakat
konsumtif terhadap barang elektronik yang dalam pemakaiannya sebenarnya
tidak sebanding dengan teknologi yang ada. Euphoria masyarakat mempersulit
penanganan limbah barang elektronik.

57
 Saran & Masukan (2)
 Adanya penyiapan regulasi khusus tentang ICT yang berwawasan
lingkungan antara kelembagaan Kemenkominfo, KLH, Kementerian
Perindustrian, Kementerian Perdagangan, Kemenristek, dan BPPT .

 Perbaharuan peraturan mengenai impor mesin dan peralatan mesin

bukan baru dalam kaitannya dengan pengaturan impor barang-barang
elektronik bekas yang termasuk dalam limbah elektronik. Peraturan yang
ada saat ini untuk impor mesin adalah Keputusan Menteri Perindustrian
dan Perdagangan No. 610/MPP/Kep/10/2004 tanggal 4 Oktober 2004.

 Perlu adanya koordinasi dan sinkronisasi lebih lanjut dengan stakeholder

yang lebih luas untuk membangun Green ICT yang sinergis dan
terintegrasi

58
TERIMA KASIH
Asisten Deputi Urusan Telematika dan Utilitas,
Deputi Bidang Koordinasi Infrastruktur dan Pengembangan Wilayah,
Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian.
Telp: (021) 3511466 ; Fax: (021) 3511464
Email: asdeplimalima@gmail.com
Http://D5ekon.Blogspot.Com

59
 Eddy Satriya
• 1989 :Graduated from Bandung Institute of Technology
(Telecommunication Engineering)
• 1997 :Graduated from University of Connecticut (MA in
Economics)
• 1989-90: Program Management Consultancy (PMC-IV) for
Telecommunication Development
• 1990-2005: Working in Bappenas (The National
Development Planning Agency).
• 1995 : Secretary to Board of Commissioners of
PT.Telkomsel
• 2005 (Dec)-present: Working in Coordinating Ministry
for Economics Affairs
• 1997- present: Visiting Lecturer in University of Indonesia,
University of Pelita Harapan, and ITB, SGU-BSD.
• 2002-present : Actively writes various article and column in
national papers and magazines.
Contact:
satriyaeddy@gmail.com Recent publications are available on:
esatriya@ekon.go.id
eddysatriya.blogspot.com
021.3456714
kolom.pacific.net.id
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