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Factors Affecting Philosophies of Education

1. Philosophies of education are conditioned by existing knowledge, social ideals of society,


interest of influential groups in that society, personal experience and vision of
educational leaders and individual temperament of the ones possessing the particular
philosophy.

Function of Philosophies of Education

1. Provide guidelines in the formulation of educational policies and programs and in the
construction of curricular.
2. Provide direction toward which all educational effort should be exerted.
3. Provide theories and hypothesis in education which may be tested for their effectiveness
and efficiency.
4. Provide norms or standards for evaluation purpose.

Famous Quotes from the Philosophers

1. Socrates
Living well and beautifully and justly one all one thing- Socrates as quoted by Plato.

But already it is time to depart for me to die, for you to go one living, which of us takes
the better course is concealed from anyone except GOD, as quoted by Plato in closing words in
apology.
2. Plato
The true lover of knowledge naturally strives for truth and is not content with common
opinion but soars with undimmed and universal passion till he graps the essential nature of things
Plato is the Republic.–
Mind is ever the ruler of the universe
3. William James
1. We are thinking being and we cannot exclude the intellect from participating in any
of our functions in the varieties of religious experience.
2. Test every concept by the question. What sensible difference to anybody with its truth
make.

Be willing to have it so acceptance of what has happened in the first step to


overcoming the consequences of any misfortune

3. Aristotle
Excellence or virtue is a settled disposition of the mind that determine our choice of
action and emotion and consist essentially in observing the mean relative to us a
mean between two voice that which depends on excess and that which depends one
excess and that which depends on defect
The Educational Philosophies of Frontier Thinkers of Education

The following are the educational philosophies of the pioneer thinkers of education
(Bernardino and Fresnoza, pp. 37-38):

1. Socrates
a. The end of life is knowledge. Knowledge is virtue,. “Know thyself.”
b. Social and individual interest should be harmonized/
c. Man’s self is rational and universal.

2. Plato
a. Each person should devote his life to that which he is best fitted to do.
b. The function of education is to determine what each individual is by nature fitted to
do.
c. Social justice (Give what is due to whom it is due)
d. Intellectual aristocracy (The rule of the intellectual elite)

3. Aristotle
a. Virtue is not possession of knowledge but state of the will.
b. The end of education is not knowledge alone, but the union of the intellect and the
will, or knowledge expressed in action.
c. Reality, not ideas but the performance, is the highest function.
d. Adaptation of education to the form of government.
e. Objective and scientific not introspective method of education.

4. Comenius
a. Development of the whole man.
b. Follow the of nature
c. Train for character
d. Both sexes should be included in education

5. Locke
a. “Tabula rasa” or “blank paper” theory – A child is born with a blank mind
(neither good nor bad)
b. Education can shape the pupil according to the will of the teacher.
c. Formal discipline (Training gained in one area can be applied in another area.)

6. Rousseau
a. Development of the child according to his nature.
b. A man should live a simple life.
c. The child, the important factor in education
d. Use of instinctive tendencies as the starting point of education.
7. Pestalozzi
a. Education as the process of organized growth.
b. All education should be founded upon the laws of natural development of the
child.
c. Use of objects in teaching.
d. Emphasis on method and technique of teaching.

8. Herbart
a. Doctrine of apperception
b. Education should be scientific.
c. Mind is a unit, possessing but one power, that of entering into relation with its
environment.

9. Froebel
a. Self – activity as the means of development
b. Play, spontaneous activity, manual and industrial development utilized to promote
self – realization.
c. Process of education determined by the nature of the child

10. Spencer
a. Knowledge that is best for use in life is also best for the development of power.
b. Emphasis on physical education
c. Importance of science in the curriculum

11. William James


a. Mental activity is functional.
b. Knowledge is instrumental.
c. It is the consequences that make the choice good or bad.

12. John Dewey


a. Education is life.
b. Education is growth.
c. Education is a social process.
d. Education is a continuous reconstruction of experience.

13. Jesus Christ


a. Right relationship with God should precede all kinds and types of education. “But
seek ye first the kingdom of God, and His righteousness; and all these things shall
be added unto you.” (Matt. 6:33)
b. Education should be used for service. “Give thyself” is the philosophy of service
of Jesus.

It should be noted that almost all of the above mentioned philosophies of education are
applied today.
The Educational Philosophies of Filipino Educators

1. Rizal. The school is the book in which is written the future of the nations. Show us the
schools of a people and we will tell you what people are.
2. Mabini. “Thou shalt cultivate the special gifts which had been granted thee, working and
studying according to thy ability, never leaving the path of righteousness and justice in
order to attain thine own perfection.”
3. T.H. Pardo de Tavera. Our education should instill love for work, spirit of tolerance,
respect for law, love for peace, and practice of thrift.
4. Jorge Bocobo. To my humble way of thinking education (college) has for its supreme
and overshadowing aim the formulation of a sound and noble outlook of life.
5. Camilo Osias. Education must secure freedom, “efficiency, and happiness for all people.
6. Rafael Palma. Education must produce individuals who are both useful to themselves and
to society.
7. Francisco Benitez. The qualities that should distinguish the educated Filipinos of today
are (1) power to do, (2) knowledge of the past and current events, and (3) possession of
the elements of conduct that are the accomplishments of culture and morality.
8. Venencio Trinidad. Education should aim to develop men and women who are uplift of
our communities particularly in rural areas, as in the promotion of their own personal or
individual well being.

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