CFD ANALYSIS OF MUFFLER

Definition:-
A muffler (silencer) is a device for reducing the amount of noise emitted by the
exhaust on most vehicles. On internal combustion engines, the engine exhaust
blows out through the muffler.

CFD analysis on Muffler is broadly categorized as three parts:-

1) pre-processing (meshing)
2) Analysis (Fluent solver)
3) Post-processing (Plots and Validating the results)
1) Pre-processing(meshing)

i) Cleaning the geometrical entities and stitching the surfaces to

volume.
ii) Diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC) and Diesel particulate
filter(DPF) zones are meshed with hexahedral mesh with 0.95
as the initial length at cylindrical wall.
iii) Insulation of the muffler is meshed with Hex/Prism mesh with
minimum of 4 layers.
iv) Precautions are taken to prevent the Equi angle skewness of
Hex or wedges to be less than 0.65 and of Tetra less than
0.85.
v) Defining the boundary conditions .
Fig1:Sectional view of the Muffler
2) Analysis(Fluent solver)
i) Turbulence model was chosen (k-ε model),

3) Post-processing (Plots and Validating the results)

i) Total Pressure drop at different sections
•Extended Inlet
Gauge Pressure = 5474.7065pa
Absolute pressure = 101325+5474.7065=106799.71pa
• DOC inlet
Gauge Pressure = 4868.3403pa
Absolute pressure = 106193.34pa
• DOC outlet
Gauge Pressure = 3099.4143pa
Absolute pressure = 104424.41pa
• DPF inlet
Gauge Pressure = 3076.4089pa
Absolute pressure = 104401.41pa
• DPF outlet
Gauge Pressure = 549.22pa
Absolute pressure = 10101874.22pa
• Mixer outlet
Gauge Pressure = 353.86pa
Absolute pressure = 101678.86pa
 fig2:Total pressure drop along the sections

Observations:
As the role of the muffler is to decrease the total pressure of the exhaust gas
almost
to atmosphere total pressure .Above results show that feature clearly.
Fig3:Total Pressure loss at mid plane section
ii) Flow distribution Index
Flow distribution index = 1-x/(2*VAVG )
Where x =abs(V-VAVG )

•Velocity of flow at inlet = 26m/s

•Average velocity at DOC inlet = 5.72m/s
•Average velocity at DPF inlet = 3.78m/s

Fig5:Velocity vectors along the midsection