Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Department of English
VIKRAMA SIMHAPURI UNIVERSITY: NELLORE
___________________________________________________________
Reading Material for Elementary Soft Skills – I Semester
&
Advanced Soft Skills – IV Semester
********
K. Narasimha Rao
Vocabulary
Fill in the blanks with the suitable word(s)
1. The doctor is_____ that she will soon recover.
Doubtful b. anxious c. hopeful d. critical.
2. It is to be regretted that he ___from the world, so early in life.
Retiredb. left c. acquired d. critical.
3. He was widely regarded as a _____man because he revealed his distrust of human
nature and human motives.
Financial b. confused c. religious d. cynical.
4. The manager tried to act but his plans were ___by his cabinet.
Embellished b. over-looked c. frustrated d. unleashed
5. His lecture gave us a sense of how empty the universe is, inspite of the ____number
of stars within it.
a. Limited b. enormous c. diminishing d. varying.
6. The wind bloweth ____it listeth.
Whither b. higher c. thither d. therefore
7. The ___in black and white television sales is causing some concern to the
manufacturers.
a. Default b. deterioration c. slump d. shortage.
8. ____survelliance included the use of tape-recorders and microphones.
a. Biological b. sporadic c. electronic d. legitimate.
9. The use of electric heater had to be ___that winter because of shortage of electric
power.
2
Read the following two passages and answer the questions given below
One often comes across the remark, “It’s not what you know that gets you ahead;
it’s who you know.” We do not subscribe to this cynical remark, but neither do we
wish to minimize the importance of having influential people back you up in your
application. Often the recommendation of a person whose word is respected is a
6
deciding factor in getting a job. This is perhaps especially true when an employer is
considering a number of applications from graduates who do not have professional
experience. The academic records alone might not provide a clear basis for a choice.
1. What is the significant idea expressed in the beginning line of the passage?
2. What is the essential aspect for a job application?
3. What forms the deciding factor in getting a job?
4. When does recommendation play a major role in bringing job?
5. What is the tone of the passage? Advisory/ critical/ appreciative/ sarcastic.
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word set/word from the words given below
assured, stringent
1. The crowd ___________ the symphony of the maestro with a standing ___________
2. The _______________laboratory facilities did not _________J.C. Bose from making
his insightful observations on Plant Response.
3. The management took _____________action against the ___________employees
whose mouthful demands tower high before their little work.
4. Indians need sincere leaders not people of _________integrity.
5. The accused _______having made any statement.
6. The Chief Minister_______the House that_______action would be taken against all
those found involved in corruption
Cloze-Test
Supply a suitable word from the choice provided for filling in the blanks to make a
meaning passage.
The survival of human body is _ (1) ____ explained by the material benefits of a person. The
____ (2) ______association between poverty and _____ (3) ____had already been recognized
in the West. The West ____ (4) ___ epidemics of infectious diseases through public health
measures. The ____ 5)____ of antibiotics in the prevention of diseases is negligible, and they
____(6)____ the situation by providing temporary ___(7)______to the suffering and allow the
underlying causes to go ____(8)______. However, every ____ 9)______of an infectious
disease makes media headlines. The government’s response is ___ 10)_____and curative.
Unfortunately, the media quickly move on to the next ___(11)_____and the need for
_____(12)_____public health solution is forgotten. The efforts of many of the current
champions of public health are usually ___ 13)_______to providing curative services. The
constant demand for better curative services has been ___ 14)______back the immediate
necessity for public health strategies.
2.Thomas Paine in his literary works dealing with daunting questions pestering
(a) (b)
democratic institutions have suggested an all pervading Fourth Estate for strengthening
(c)
(d)
democracy.
3. Prominent among the Industrialists emerging from India was Dirubhai and Mahindra,
(a)
(b)
who got sufficient support from the governmental policies to be named in the Forbes.
(c)
(d)
4. Being a woman of youthful excitement, he often expressed his wish to marry her.
(a) (b)
(c)
only the good deeds to have their say in the present.
(d)
6. The girl hesitated arguing with the teacher on her being given a difficult task as
8
7. People shall not simply uphold the pitched battles of the politics unless they shall
(a) (b)
receive some benefit out of the absurd confrontations.
(c) (d)
8. The granite boulders carried on the trolleys are heavy in weight and square in shape,
(a)
(b)
the glint of which is stately in the sun shine.
(c) (d)
Read the following passage and answer the questions given below
Prior to English porcelain, English china manufacturers and potters were using
hard-paste and soft-paste porcelains. J.Spode II (1754-1827) was the first to use ox
bone to create a hybrid form on hard-paste porcelain china, called bone china. Bone
China is a form of hard past porcelain because it is a mixture of 25% china clay, 25%
Cornish stone, 50% bone ash in its standard formula. Bone china became the English
porcelain for several reasons. It was less liable to loss in firing than soft paste
porcelains, which contain glass. The firing temperature was much lower (1250 D
Celsius) than for hard paste porcelain (1400 D Celsius). Thus, potters could use their
existing methods and ovens. Also, the brilliance of enamel colours and gold was
greater than on other porcelains.
Bone China, made from a hybrid hard-past porcelain containing ox bone ash
has the following properties: Bone China is extremely hard, and is stronger than hard-
paste porcelain due to the addition of the ox bone ash and easier to manufacture. Bone
China has a beautiful ivory white appearance, which distinguishes it from hard-paste
porcelain. This is also is created by adding bone ash to the ingredients for hard-past
porcelain. Bone china is intensely white and will allow light to pass through it. You
can check the quality of percentage of ox bone ash in a china piece by putting it up to
a light source. The higher the quality of fine china, the more light that you can see
through the fine china plate or piece. It is calcined bone, which gives traditional
English Bone China its translucency and whiteness. The amount of calcined ox bone
also allows the addition of more colourful patterns (or more colours to stain the china),
thus Bone China usually has the most exquisite patterns of all china, and those usually
are the more expensive and costlier ones. Finally, calcined ox Bone China is still used
by many English Fine China manufacturers even today, and the properties of this
china allow for some of the most unique, beautiful, and expensive fine china pieces in
the China.
9
1. What was the main reason for bone China becoming English porcelain?
2. What is the reason for Bone China being stronger than hard-paste porcelains?
3. What makes English Bone China more shiny and translucent?
4. According to the passage which of the following statements is true?
a. Ox bone can only be used to make a hybrid form on porcelain china.
b. Bone China is the hardest form of porcelain
c. Bone is 100% transparent
d. None of the above.
5. What makes the soft-past more liable to undergo loss in firing?
6. What ingredient makes Bone china appear in beautiful patterns?
7. Pick out the word in the 1st Paragraph that stands for the word “before”?
Telephone Conversation
Imagine you are the Works Director of a Chemicals Manufacturing Company and an
accident has happened because power fluctuations. Report the incident to the
Chairman over the backup measures taken by the members of your team and also
report to him over the cause of the accident.
Ans:
Chairman: Oh! Where did the accident take place? And I am concerned about the
reasons.
Works Director: Sir! As already reported to you earlier, the power fluctuations
resulted in the loss of costly machinery as a result of which the work suffered a lot. A
week earlier, we have reported to the Electricity department to install separate High
power transformer in our Industrial Estate. The Electricity department also responded
amicably and the transformer has been installed but due to incessant rains last week
the concrete structure could not be laid so that the Transformer becomes operational.
Today, as usual the worker operated the machinery and immediately noticed the lower
power supply and put off the power supply immediately. Despite their presence of
mind, they could not prevent the damage caused to the boiler which gave out fumes
because of insufficient power supply. Except this damage all the other machines are
in good condition and major damage has been avoided.
Chairman: See that the new transformer is installed immediately and reduce the load
on the machinery by operating them in shifts so as to avoid over-utility of power.
Works Director: Thank you Sir! I immediately follow your instructions. Thank You.
10
Telephone Conversation
Imagine that you have attended a youth festival in one of the colleges in your city.
Inform your friend that participating in such youth festivals will broaden one’s
understanding and in developing good interpersonal skills.
Shyam: I am happy to talk to you after a long time. Last time when I spoke to you,
you told me that you are preparing for competitive tests. I hope that your preparation
is going well? How are your regular studies?
Karim: Well ! Very nice! I have good averages in all subjects and I am also interested
in extra and co-curricular activities which are conducted at regular intervals in our
college.
Shyam: Very nice to hear! I called you today on phone to inform you that our college
is going to organize a tech-fest in which you can participate and win fabulous prizes.
At the same time we shall build good inter-college relationships using this platform. I
should tell you that in this globalized world we cannot sit isolated and we have to grab
every opportunity through competitive spirit. Apart from education, excellence, and
expertise it is good networking skill of the professional that takes one to the global
stage. Let us use the opportunity to build good interpersonal skills and get the pulse of
the expectations that the market desires of us in value-addition and professional
competency building.
Karim: yes! I agree with you. I definitely participate in the tech-fest and let us be
committed to make education more informative and amusing. See you!
Prepositions
IC: The pool abounds of fish
C: The pool abounds in (or with) fish.
IC: Abstain of smoking.
C: Abstain from smoking.
IC: He acceded with my request.
11
C: He acceded to my request.
1. They were accused with theft
2. I have no access at the Prime Minister.
3. Do you have any acquaintance of the Home Minister?
4. He agreed with my proposal
5. Can you agree with your mother in this issue?
6. Please apologize with him on this misdeed.
7. She appealed at help.
8. They appealed about the judgement.
9. He was appointed for a high post.
10. Will you approve with my conduct?
11. He arrived in Bombay at India.
12. He alighted over the aeroplane.
13. What do you aim for in life?
14. You shall have to answer to your conduct.
15. Will you answer your father for this act?
16. Don’t blame him about it.
17. He started boasting about his ability.
18. She broke up into a house.
19. Don’t break for him.
20. Mohan broke a good news into him.
21. What do you ask to?
22. I asked to him to furnish explanation.
23. The dogs were barking on him.
24. Will you assure me about it?
25. I attended my friend yesterday.
26. He availed of this opportunity.
12
Vocabulary
I. Fill in the blanks with suitable words
1. India, which was a treasure trove of gems and precious stones _____many a
foreign traveller and invader alike
a. Tantalized b. mesmerised c. enticed d. beguiled
2. The government is planning to ____child labour, in the country within the next
five years.
a. Abandon b. discard c. demolish d. eradicate
15
3. The entire nation saluted the ____who sacrificed their lives for the country’s
safety.
a. Martyrs b. citizens c. civilians d. personnel
4. She looks pale and run____after the bout of fever
a. Off b. down c. over d. out
5. He ____the credit of this achievement to his friends who stood by him through
thick and thin.
a. Attributed b. accredited c. entrusted d. relegated
6. Never neglect to ____the right bonds, as your job may not last forever, but your
relationships will____
a. foster..endure b. nurture…suffer c. suppress…last
d. sponsor..spoil
7. First and foremost, make yourself so___to the company that they will never
let____of you.
a. dispensable…force b. superfluous…leave
c. paramount…allow d. indispensable…go
8. The Supreme Court____the constitutional___of the Prevention of Terrorism Act
(POTA), observing that “terrorism is affecting the security and sovereignty of the
nation.”
a. preserved…invalidity b. upheld…validity
c. overturned… power d. accepted…injustifiability
9. Far from____meekly to its fate, Ganguly’s team fought___with such
determination that the match slowly began to turn in his favour.
a. yeilding…for b. fighting…ferociously c. submitting….feebly
d. succumbing…back
10. The___of modern society in general and the holiday____in particular can be
traced to our consumer culture, facilitated by advertising.
a. advantages…woes b. miseries…ecstasies
c. ills…blues d. misfortunes…happiness
11. His ___attire and winsome manners impressed his superiors.
16
Find out the Synonym (word closest in meaning) for the word emboldened in
the sentence below
2. People shed tears at the carnage left over by wars and aggressions.
a) Carnival b)battle c) hazard d) deadly
destruction
4. One should leave an ideal example rather than leading a desultory existence
a) Concise b)unmethodical c) sad d) joyful
5. The house ordered that the tenant evict the house within a month
a) Condemn b) destroy c) decrease d) remove
Find out the Antonym (word that is opposite in meaning) for the word
emboldened below
2. The assault was planned with meticulous attention to detail and was therefore
executed in record time.
a) Fast b) precise c) careful d) negligent
3. It would be best to amend those paragraphs that are found offensive by the Censor
Board
a) Change b)maintain c) delete d) revise
1. No sooner had the professor stepped into the class, when all the students rose
(1) (2) (3)
from their seats
(4)
2. Ravi not only enjoys playing football but even enjoys playing cricket.
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3. The students ran out of the classroom so soon as the bell rang.
(1) (2) (3) (4)
4. Bombay is one of the most crowed city in the world.
21
Find out the Synonym (word closest in meaning) for the word emboldened in the
sentence below.
1. He had given up trying to understand what the speaker was saying and now
only gave a semblance of listening.
a) Drudgery b) appearance c) note d) attempt
2. It is doubtful that the average citizen will find in this film anything other than a
warm-harted, laudatory tribute to one of the great men in history.
a) Criticizing b) appreciativec) bitter d) liberal.
3. The bride walked down the aisle
a) Isle b) pathway c)church d) hall
22
Find out the Antonym (word that is opposite in meaning) for the word
emboldened below.
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word set/word from the words given
below
Cloze-Test
Supply a suitable word from the choice provided for filling in the blanks to make
a meaning passage.
1. The doctor advised us not to told the patient about his disease. No error
A B C D
3. She is more cleverer than any other girl of her age. No error
A B C D E
A B C D E
5. Either the president or the secretary have an option to donate funds. No error
24
A B C D E
Read the following passage and answer the questions given below
A mask is a covering for the head or face. It was one of the first ways in which
primitive man expressed his artistic instinct. Primitive tribes used masks to ensure a
good harvest, a safe hunt, and to ward off evil. Masks were also worn by
merrymakers at festivals.
Masks of change are believed to turn the wearer into the spirit, animal of
demon that the mask depicts. Thus, the shaman (medical man) masks of the Eskimos
are supposed to establish a mystic link with the spirit concerned. They include a state
of trance and possession before effecting a cure.
Telephone Conversation
Write down the conversation that takes place over phone following the incident
detailed below.
Imagine that on a week end you have gone to the ocean park along with your
classmates. Convey your enjoyment in the ocean-park over phone to your
brother/sister and tell him/her to visit the place to have a nice time again at the ocean
park.
Ans:
Nirup: Hello! How are you Rohan? Aren’t you planning to visit my place this
vacation?
Nirup: Great! Just two days back my friends and I went to the Ocean-park and had
great time. Though it is not planned before hand, it revived our spirits and made us
longing to visit the place again and again. Tell you, it is a water theme park with high
water skidders, swimming pools, food joints, food huts, a lot of amusement and
rollicking. The roller-coaster ride, the battery car drives, the fun and the frolic of the
youth is really worth enjoying. There is a lot of fun. This time when you come to me
on vacation let us plan to go to the Ocean park with our family and have some great
moments.
25
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word set/word from the words given below
II. Cloze-Test
Supply a suitable word from the choice provided for filling in the
blanks to make a meaning passage.
The cities are____(1)____up and urban employment steadily grows. Very probably
there is an equal measure of __(2)____in the countryside. The poorest quarter of the
Pablo Picasso showed his truly exceptional talent from a very young age. His
first word was Lapiz (Spanish for pencil) and he learnt to draw before he could talk.
He was the only son in the family and very good-looking, so he was thoroughly spoilt.
He hated school and often refused to go unless his doting parents allowed him to take
one of the father’s pet pigeons with him.
Apart from pigeons, his great love was art, and when in 1891 his father, who
was an amateur artist, got a job as a drawing teacher at a college, Pablo went with him
27
to the college. He often watched his father paint and sometimes was allowed to help.
One evening his father was painting a picture of their pigeons when he had to leave
the room. He returned to find that Pablo had completed the picture, and it was so
amazingly beautiful and lifelike that he gave his son his own palette and brushes and
never painted again. Pablo was just 13.
The story of American plumber who wrote to Bureau of Standards saying that
he found hydrochloric acid good for cleaning up clogged drains. The bureau
replied in scientific jargon to the plumber
“ The efficacy of hydrochloric acid is indisputable, but the corrosive residue is
incompatible with metallic permanence”.
Acronyms and Short forms create difference in knowledge
A well-dressed stranger asking you to buy tickets for him as he has lost his purse will
make you believe in his words.
Verbal Phrases
I. Match the following Phrasal Verbs in Column A with the synonymous phrasal verbs
in Column B.
A B
1. Root out a) Nail down
2. Level against b) Measure up
3. Pin down c) Do away with
4. Live up to d) Peter out
5. Pull down e) rattle off
6. Die out f) rail at
7. Draw up g) Knock down / tear down
8. Dispense with h) weed out
9. Reel off i) chalk up
10. Spark off j) trigger off
II. From the telephone conversation find the meanings of the highlighted phrasal
verbs from the options given below.
48. It was assuring to see how even as a little child he had___his exceptionally
talented grandmother.
a. Taken off b. taken in from c. taken after d. taken over.
49. If you eat too much, you just might____
a. Throw out b. throw off c. throw up d. throw it.
50. They had warned me not to be ____by her innocent appearances.
a. Taken in b. taken on c. taken in for d. taken back.
Cloze-Test
The survival of human body is _ (1) ____ explained by the material benefits of a
person. The ____ (2) ______association between poverty and _____ (3) ____had
already been recognized in the West. The West ____ (4) ___ epidemics of infectious
diseases through public health measures. The ____ 5)____ of antibiotics in the
prevention of diseases is negligible, and they ____(6)____ the situation by providing
temporary ___(7)______to the suffering and allow the underlying causes to go
____(8)______. However, every ____ 9)______of an infectious disease makes media
headlines. The government’s response is ___ 10)_____and curative. Unfortunately,
the media quickly move on to the next ___(11)_____and the need for
_____(12)_____public health solution is forgotten. The efforts of many of the current
champions of public health are usually ___ 13)_______to providing curative services.
The constant demand for better curative services has been ___ 14)______back the
immediate necessity for public health strategies.
1. The proceeds of his income is very little to sustain his family and his
dependants (a) (b) (c) (d)
34
(a) (b)
democratic institutions have suggested an all pervading Fourth Estate
for strengthening
(c)
(d)
democracy.
(a) (b)
who got sufficient support from the governmental policies to be named
in the Forbes.
(c) (d)
4. Being a woman of youthful excitement, he often expressed his wish to
marry her.
(d)
6. The girl hesitated arguing with the teacher on her being given a
difficult task as
7. People shall not simply uphold the pitched battles of the politics
unless they shall
(a) (b)
receive some benefit out of the absurd confrontations.
(c) (d)
8. The granite boulders carried on the trolleys are heavy in weight and
square in shape,
(a)
(b)
the glint of which is stately in the sun shine.
35
(c) (d)
Passage
Prior to English porcelain, English china manufacturers and potters were using
hard-paste and soft-paste porcelains. J.Spode II (1754-1827) was the first to use ox
bone to create a hybrid form on hard-paste porcelain china, called bone china. Bone
China is a form of hard past porcelain because it is a mixture of 25% china clay, 25%
Cornish stone, 50% bone ash in its standard formula. Bone china became the English
porcelain for several reasons. It was less liable to loss in firing than soft paste
porcelains, which contain glass. The firing temperature was much lower (1250 D
Celsius) than for hard paste porcelain (1400 D Celsius). Thus, potters could use their
existing methods and ovens. Also, the brilliance of enamel colours and gold was
greater than on other porcelains.
Bone China, made from a hybrid hard-past porcelain containing ox bone ash
has the following properties: Bone China is extremely hard, and is stronger than hard-
paste porcelain due to the addition of the ox bone ash and easier to manufacture. Bone
China has a beautiful ivory white appearance, which distinguishes it from hard-paste
porcelain. This is also is created by adding bone ash to the ingredients for hard-past
porcelain. Bone china is intensely white and will allow light to pass through it. You
can check the quality of percentage of ox bone ash in a china piece by putting it up to
a light source. The higher the quality of fine china, the more light that you can see
through the fine china plate or piece. It is calcined bone, which gives traditional
English Bone China ists translucency and whiteness. The amount of calcined ox bone
also allows the addition of more colourful patterns (or more colours to stain the china),
thus Bone China usually has the most exquisite patterns of all china, and those usually
are the more expensive and costlier ones. Finally, calcined ox Bone China is still used
by many English Fine China manufacturers even today, and the properties of this
china allow for some of the most unique, beautiful, and expensive fine china pieces in
the China.
1. What was the main reason for bone China becoming English porcelain?
2. What is the reason for Bone China being stronger than hard-paste porcelains?
3. What makes English Bone China more shiny and translucent?
4. According to the passage which of the following statements is true?
a. Ox bone can only be used to make a hybrid form on porcelain china.
b. Bone China is the hardest form of porcelain
c. Bone is 100% transparent
d. None of the above.
5. What makes the soft-past more liable to undergo loss in firing?
6. What ingredient makes Bone china appear in beautiful patterns?
7. Pick out the word in the 1st Paragraph that stands for the word “before”?
36
Cloze test
Embroidery
Cloze-Test
Supply a suitable word from the choice provided for filling in the
blanks to make a meaning passage.
The cities are____(1)____up and urban employment steadily grows. Very probably
there is an equal measure of __(2)____in the countryside. The poorest quarter of the
13. Neither the carpenters nor the plumber have finished the work. No error
A B C D E
14. Lucknow is more populated than any city of Uttar Pradesh. No error
A B C D E
15. No sooner had she finished the typing, when he entered the office. No error.
A B C D E
16. The committee is comprised of a chairman and five members. No error.
A B C D E
17. Himalayas are the highest mountains in the world. No error
A B C D E
18. When you have read this magazine, please return the same to me. No error
A B C D E
19. He is the cleverest student in the class. No error
A B C D E
20. They who are wise do not waste their time. No error.
A B C D E
Pablo Picasso showed his truly exceptional talent from a very young age. His
first word was Lapiz (Spanish for pencil) and he learnt to draw before he could talk.
He was the only son in the family and very good-looking, so he was thoroughly spoilt.
He hated school and often refused to go unless his doting parents allowed him to take
one of the father’s pet pigeons with him.
Apart from pigeons, his great love was art, and when in 1891 his father, who
was an amateur artist, got a job as a drawing teacher at a college, Pablo went with him
to the college. He often watched his father paint and sometimes was allowed to help.
One evening his father was painting a picture of their pigeons when he had to leave
the room. He returned to find that Pablo had completed the picture, and it was so
amazingly beautiful and lifelike that he gave his son his own palette and brushes and
never painted again. Pablo was just 13.
Telephone Conversation
Assume that one of your friends is studying a professional course and in one of
your casual talks on phone you suggested that attending Workshops and participating
in events of academic orientation like Tech-fests and Youth fests will not only bring
competitive spirit but also enables one to know the changing trends in one’s area of
study. Write a brief conversation of the above.
Look at the following pie-diagram which shows how a young man called
Chris spends his money. Describe the following data shown in the diagram
in about 100 words.
The above Pie-chart shows the income of Chris who spends his money on
various items which support his livelihood. Chris spends his income in the way that
the diagram projects. One of the major items on which Chris spends his money is rent
and food which occupies 45% that is almost half of his income. By this we can say
that any person spends half of his income for supporting his food and shelter. The
second item which occupies priority is Study materials with 25%. So we can say that
Chris spends almost a quarter of his income on knowledge-gaining. The least among
his expenditure is occupied by entertainment and clothes on which Chris is spending
15% on both of them equally. By this we can draw the conclusion that Chris gives
least priority to one of the essential needs of the human beings that is clothes. The
other item on which Chris spends is entertainment which also plays a major role in
man’s living.
(OR)
The data shown below relates to Harry’s annual sales of Hamburgers in 2009
The above bar-diagram represents the sale of hamburgers by Harry which show
fluctuation in the one financial year. The diagram is an example of the business trend
which is not all the same throughout the year. We can say that the columns in the bar-
diagram are not just spirals but they indicate the business of an eager salesman. The
columns representing July, August and September stand tall with the sales of
Hamburgers touching the all time high of 3000 mark in a year while the least of the
hamburger sales was done in the month of October. There is a steady growth of sales
in the beginning of the year from January to March with the columns in the diagram
touching almost 1800 mark more or less. There is a fall in the month of sales from
April and May and a steady rise in the sales is recorded from June till September. In
this period the sales touched the all time high in August. While there is a steep fall in
October and business in the sales of hamburgers became steady in November and
December with the financial year closing down with mixed results.
I.
41
The Bar diagram shows the sales of toys and the fascination of children for
toy varieties in three regions. The variants of toys shown in the diagram are Dolls,
Trucks, and puzzles. It is noticed that Region 3 has the highest toy sales in the
mentioned three items while Region 2 stood second in the record of sales closely
followed by Region 1. A close observation at the diagram also denotes that Dolls
are highly preferred toys in all the three regions while the sale of puzzles occupied
second in the overall figures. In region 1 the sale of dolls is 2478, trucks 2031 and
puzzles 1918. In region 2 the sale of dolls is 2640, trucks 2173 and puzzles 2722.
In region 3 the sale of dolls is 2388, trucks 2790 while the sale of puzzles is very
high spiraling 2795 which is highest among all. Dolls are the least preferred toys
in Region 3, while the puzzles are the least preferred in Region 1. Trucks are the
least preferred in Region 2. Overall the sales show the stability in the sales of the
toys.
II.
42
The pie chart above shows the male students enrolled for the Bachelors
degree in Business Administration, Bio-sciences, Agriculture, and Arts. It is
observed that the Business Administration takes the lion share when considered the
preference of the male students for enrollment into Bachelors degree. It occupies
almost 65% of the enrollment ratio while Agricultural Sciences comes second in
preference. It occupies almost 20% of the admissions. The least preferred is Arts
with only 5% of the students going for enrollment. Bio-Sciences with 10% comes
third in preference. The diagram apart from showing the inclination of the male
students for Business Administration shows that the there is an unequal
distribution of enrollment in other subject areas. It also shows that life-sciences
also does not have good enrollment.
43
IV.
The Pie chart shows the favourite types of music and the preferential ratio in each
of the categories. It is observed that Rock music with 33% is the favourite music
types of all followed by Country music with 25% of the people preferring it. The
least favourite is Classical with only 5% of the people enjoying the music. Jazz
with 15% percent and Rap with11% occupy the third and the fourth positions. If
we put both Rock and Country Music together they occupy 58%. As we observe
the chart only represents 99%. The music preference shows that people are mostly
interested in refreshing and stress relieving music rather than the smooth classical
variety. It is also said that the people are giving equal importance more or less to
the country variety while Jazz and Rap are preferred mostly by good number of
people.
44
PRESENTATION SKILLS
An oral presentation is a form of oral communication. It is a participative
two-way communication process characterized by the formal and structured
presentation using visual aids. It is purposeful and goal-oriented. An oral
presentation is:
Purposeful - The presentation will be made with a definite purpose.
Interactive – It involves both the speaker as well as listeners.
Formal – It is a formal situation
Audience oriented – the topic will have to be dealt with from the listeners’
perspective.
There are several forms of oral presentation, such as seminars, workshops,
symposia, conferences, team presentations, etc,. There are certain objectives for
each presentation. These objectives may range from exploring new area of
information to introducing a new product by a company. Oral presentations differ
from other forms of oral communication such as speeches and debates. Speeches
are intended to celebrate an occasion, to inaugurate a function, while the oral
presentation raises a particular issue for discussion.
Oral presentation is a tool of professional and business interaction. In some
reputed firms recruitment is based on oral presentation in the form of seminar
presentation, short lectures, business presentations. An oral presentation develops
the ideas logically. For effective presentation, four important elements are to be
remembered. They are called 4 ps, that is, Plan, Prepare, Practice, and Perform.
The presentation should be planned well in advance so that the material is
delivered effectively. Planning the presentation is to
• Know the audience
• Stimulate the interest of the audience
• Be sensitive to the needs and expectations of the audience.
• Strike up interaction with his/her immediate audience
• Know his/her purpose.
45
Preparing for a presentation involves developing the central idea and the main
points, gathering supporting material, and planning visual aids.
The central idea of the presentation is its core idea or thesis statement. It shoul
be a complete declarative sentence that captures the essence of the message.
The following are the characteristics of a central idea. The presenter should
develop the main ideas. He should make a logical division of the central idea
and gathering support material depending on the scope and length of the
presentation.
ORGANISING THE PRESENTATION
Good organization is essential for effective presentation. The key to good
organization is the repetition of the main ideas of your message.
There are three Ts.
Tell the audience what you are going to tell
Tell it
Tell them what you have told.
The opening of the presentation should convince the audience to listen to it. It
has five functions:
• Get the audience’s attention
• Introduce the subject
• Give the audience a reason to listen
• Establish the credibility
• Preview the main ideas.
Get the audience attention by using one of the following ways.
- A startling statement
- A rhetorical question
- A pat on the audience’s back
- an interesting anecdote
- an unexceptionable joke
- the statement of a relevant problem
47
Vision marks the path to victory so that everyone can move in the same direction
together. There had to be a first Kennedy. There had to be a first Rockefeller.
The vision must be bigger. Learn to be comfortable with great dreams. Develop
an infinite capacity to ignore what others say that you cannot achieve success.
Man cannot discover new oceans unless he has the courage to lose sight of
the shore. The best way to predict future is to create it.
****
Attitude
Attitude applies to every sphere of life, including one’s personal and
professional life. The foundation of success, regardless of our chosen field, is
Attitude which is a crucial factor in success. Building great attitude in the people is
a magic wand that would give a cutting edge in the marketplace, increase
productivity and profits. With better attitudes people would be better team players,
reduce wastage and become more loyal. Experience has shown that human
resource is the most valuable asset of any business. People are more valuable than
capital or equipment.
An attitude to serve better will change the work culture and the world.
Someone once approached Pascal, the famous French philosopher, and said, “ if I
had your brains, I would be a better person,” Pascal replied, Be a better person and
you will have my brains.” Great organizations are not measured by wages and
working conditions, they are measured by feelings, attitudes, and relationships.
Greatest buildings in the world have strongest foundations. Just like a great
building stands on a strong foundation, so does success. And the foundation of
success is Attitude.
There are three factors that largely determine attitude formation. 1.
Environment 2. Experience. 3. Education. Environment creates culture. Every
place be it a home, or a country has a culture. In countries where the government
and political environment is honest, generally we will find that the people are
honest, law abiding and helpful. In a corrupt environment, an honest person has a
hard time. Whereas in an honest environment a corrupt person has a tough time.
50
Culture in any place always goes from the top down, never from the bottom up. In
societies where lawlessness becomes the law, honest citizens become cheats,
crooks and dacoits.
Our behavior changes according to our experiences with various people. If
we have a positive experience with a person our attitude towards him is likely to be
positive and conversely negative experiences tend to make us cautious.
Experiences and events become reference points in our lives. We draw
conclusions which serves as guidelines for the future.
Education refers to both formal and informal education. We are drowning
in information but starving for knowledge and wisdom. Strategically applied,
knowledge translates into wisdom which in turn translates into success. The role
of educator is vital. A teacher affects eternity. The effect is immeasurable.
There are many advantages to have a positive attitude. A positive makes for
a pleasing personality. It energizes and increases your enjoyment of life. It
inspires others around you and helps you become a contributing member of society
and an asset to your country.
Life is full of stops and hurdles with negative attitude. People with
negative attitudes have a hard time keeping friendships, jobs, marriages, and
relationships. Negative attitudes lead to bitterness, resentment, a purposeless life,
ill health, and high stress levels.
****
___________________________________________________________________________
_
Syllabus for the Elementary I Semester Soft Skills Course
for the students of all the Departments under Choice-Based system
Objectives:
• To impart the specifics of Communication Skills and Soft Skills to the
Learners
• To help them overcome inhibitions
• To enable the students to acquit themselves effectively by cultivating proactive
nature through an array of interactive sessions and presentations
Unit – II (Writing)
8
Periods
Style of Writing – Describing Facts and Figures – Bar charts – Pie Charts
Summarizing Data – Selecting important information – Comparing Data
* The said components are taught with the help of Multi-Media enabled Computer
Systems
Suggested References:
52
For Unit – I
Thrope, Edgar and Showick, Thrope. Objective English, Pearson Education Limited,
New Delhi
Swets, Paul. W. 1983. The Art of Talking So That People Will Listen: Getting
Through to Family, Friends and Business Associates. Prentice Hall Press. New
York
Seely, John. The Oxford Guide to writing and speaking, Oxford University Press, New
Delhi (2004)
Gerson, Sharon and Steven Gerson. Technical Writing Process and Product, Pearson
Education Asia, LPE Third Edition
Klippel, Friederike, Keep Talking: Communicative Fluency Activities for Language
Teaching, Cambridge University Press, 1985
For Unit - IV
Covey.R. Steven. The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People, London: Simon and
Schuster, 1992.
Websites
§ www.tatamcgrawhill.com/digital_solutions/monippally
§ www.dictionary.cambridge.org
§ www.wordsmith.org
Evaluation
Proposed Syllabus Draft for III Semester Advanced Soft Skills Course
offered under Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
Objectives:
Vocabulary – Phrase – Clause – Sentence & Reading Sources with Thought match
exercises – Phrasal Verbs – Prepositional verbs – Twinning Functions of Reading and
Writing – Spotting, Correcting Errors
Syllable stress – Voiced and Voiceless Sounds – Diphthongs – Rate of speech – Reading
aloud – Body Language – Posture and Gesture - Eye contact - Dress Codes
Unit – III Presentation Skills* (2 Periods of instruction and 10 periods of Practice = 12)
Self-esteem – Interpersonal Skills – Right things for the Right Reason – How to
Interest people
* Fish bowl, Just a Minute and Dumb charade games, Refute the Reality and other oral and
behavioral games, Multimedia based oral presentation on any topic of choice shall be
done.
Suggested References:
For Unit – I
55
Thrope, Edgar and Showick, Thrope. Objective English, Pearson Education Limited,
New Delhi
Barker. A - Improve your communication skills – Kogan Page India Pvt Ltd, New
Delhi (2006)
Adrian Doff and Christopher Jones – Language in Use (Upper-Intermediate),
Cambridge University Press, First South Asian Edition (2004)
Hewings, Martin. 1999. Advanced English Grammar: A Self-Study Reference and
Practice Book for South Asian Students. Reprint 2003. Cambridge
University Press. New Delhi
For Unit – II & III
Swets, Paul. W. 1983. The Art of Talking So That People Will Listen: Getting
Through to Family, Friends and Business Associates. Prentice Hall Press. New
York
Jones, Daniel. English Pronouncing Dictionary, Cambridge University Press
Seely, John. The Oxford Guide to writing and speaking, Oxford University Press, New
Delhi (2004)
Gerson, Sharon and Steven Gerson. Technical Writing Process and Product, Pearson
Education Asia, LPE Third Edition
Klippel, Friederike, Keep Talking: Communicative Fluency Activities for Language
Teaching, Cambridge University Press, 1985
For Unit - IV
Websites
§ www.tatamcgrawhill.com/digital_solutions/monippally
§ www.dictionary.cambridge.org
§ www.wordsmith.org
§ www.owlsenglish.com
Evaluation Process
56
The Evaluation Process for this paper will be in the following manner
Internal Examinations – Two internals will be conducted for 30 marks each and the
better of the two scores shall be considered.
Record Book (5 Marks) – Every student attending the classes conducted for the
course will have to maintain a Record Book that comprises
Vocabulary, Phrases, Clauses and Reading Sources and
Other inputs discussed in the classes.
Case Writing and PPt (5 M) – News paper reports, Activities in Unit – II of the
Syllabus draft shall be considered to award these marks
to the students. Students being active and dynamic and
show willingness to participate and learn shall be given
the advantage.
***