Hal!

i ~'IHI8:1lIUI

W Y H¥Se,pSIi''rie

CiK·;;16~"fj llll;i:cn',B fa

'~Cg. K'JUIMe.Ii'f

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CAn
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J:.I

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6 l1o'rpe.6a.

narner

Mo.nonOJICHo.r 6. D.iJarojcTH1Fi

3€ll\-OH01J.llHC1·sa

1·3 PaA 1-1 3aKOHl'1'1"OCT y ltH1ctfa.nuHM O,l1;fiOCHl\'la 16. Counl <'lJllie <t)Q,pMau,H,le y flO1!.apllarpjy 2;2 OX:PH,ll, xao KFblUKeREiO }Hapwune

M. CaJlleDHll ;J,-p O. Ar'll)!1>ft ·b. J. nllC·._'.)II.IHOBHh

Ktbll}I(EBHOCT
26 Cep.LlaJp
LnHrO),.l
CKYlU10

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([1p.TUJI're)

T:l. .J.

J{ j.-1Ct;.'1H 1-108H

IlPEf J1£LI
42 DpI-LJlo:nr aa cPHJfO:W(JJ.w,iy M
. {H l\10!\H~[ITlt Jl'O-RaJIRgr fl.. llelleJllr,{GB-I1Na

n-apOAH e noeaaie"

.,BMJI-aHC CaBpeMeH.-e <bpaRU,YCK-C celll'lOJlorl'Ije" ()l-p 6. }Kyo: ,,[Jl3SffH paJI.Hl'f'nrn C3Be3(ell.T.) OliO IlITO je - OBO WTO }l{enM" (J.l,.p 't. Lllonrpajanonxh). ,l..{sall~c.ernen)ro.lliltwibHUa ocno6ot)efba JY}HHe GponJe ('f.,. ,LK.). YMeTH1tQKII np er nezt. MY3H~H<H rrpeTJlea (KpO'HM4a·p). n(}3()'pKIlIHH nper aen: "Ha!ra'ltlo QOBt'-1<" o a B. 11J1lft'k1 (5. H. E.7arojet-il-1ft).

crn ..

anueara .lY>UHO.cp6H,jalliCl<e
KHCeJIHI·loBHhJ.

e.l'HOnCHXOJrorH.\.1.

en.

:~. 1.ETlfonCHxo.JJom~

J.

(1).

,1. K). Byr-ne: Apttlb). Jleou

YMeTROCTR" o.t )l.-jl BWI'1KO Eh1Te:itHT~a: "Au'foJforllja

"".,.

f ill I',' CIL

'I'

CKOOJ

'pc /;
1-13ypeAHHIIITBa

Ees petcsaue, ctcposuto

usoaeasee
080Z

uacotiuca.
MfW20

11ca suouuc cpeac~~~:a~l.beM~.!3 Te:JIUba HaM, je aa rcP03 peoose teeLL uozyhuoctiiu

zoee iIPY:}fCUMO

)waU,lepujaJW
iLOBeK,

oa

ce LUaluluje

u 60Jbe YU03H,a uatu

nezoea cyotiuna, couujansu

u etco-

uouceu YCAOBU '~beZ080Z JICUBOUla, teezoo uaxu« suuu.eetea u ocetuuea. Cesc lUOUl, cuauipauo tcao CROjy 8Y:JICliOciii tui OKO OBoe «acouuca oicytuuco CBe iuuuesexucyasue ca Jyza, tcoja 'he
ucupeuusc pesusu: paseujaiau KOO uatuez fiapoEJa iJy601(O
CBeCllLU
ft,

ll-

ttipajno

ocehatee co.auiiapnocuiu.

aouuja.uce

BO;JbY

sa

aKUUtf)!·WCUl

CBUMa

dOMNlUMa; «y.uuypne,

e/{,OHO.UCKe II couujanne

UOCUUl, Hacuiojaneuo
06JlaCUlU hWpa/LfI,02,

na

UlOMe

aa

JeJlall.tus
JlCUBOUla,

uipetuuptueeu tuuuana
couujennoz U

eICOll.OMC1WZ

otiuuue

ftpo6y?h.uuo euepzu}y «atuez napoiia

xeatue
tcoju.ua

ocuocotiuxo
je

za sa

ilOllli7peiJ

U aK.t{148HOClltu
ce l'/aJlGSUMO

paiui

iiOtl))iW~baBarba

C8UX uteuucoha
u.eCYMl-bUBO

QBO.AIl

epeueuy, «ole

00 najenanajuuju»

y ucuiopuju CB(!.UlG. tuoue ycileulu, 8GBUCuhe od pasy.ueeose« II Iioscohu, uojy he '-WM tlpY:;ICUUl.Lt HaUlU tuuuesetauyasu», a UDIlLO uauco u oJ OH.;llX tcoja
U flpU;MalUU,

jeimo Ko.uua: a tcaico hesco Y

he ce CLt BO:.JbO.MilpeluliA..aUlilUlu

«acoiiuc.

PEII,AKUf1DHH O}lEOP.

'3HAlfAJ

HAP.llAPCI{E

H JYrO,CJ10BEHCTBO

EAHOBHHE

3A JYfOCJIABI1JY

OpoYQaB31-be

HaJIHHM
'OBO

craje

H3BOP,
O.ll

oDJIacTk! sapnapcxe 6aHOBHHe nOCTen€HO nocpenunrre H DCHOBa cnava jyrOCJIOBeHCRJU.1 HBUHO-

CTY)J,l-1jaM3.

'OHO

.napone
{:KOM

je je

Ca

jyrOCJIOSeHCKor

HaUHOHaJIHOr

IreJlHl<:e KepHLTH,

O,lI. ueoneasase OHO Je O.D, H3pOtnrtor

a ca ornure c.nOBeHCI(Qr CTaHOBHlliTa Bpe.,UHOCTH. Flopezt Tara, sa CBe 08,T1K8HCKe

suaxaja.
63HoBHHe ua

r.rle,n,HlllTa

OBa[{aB
,JIa3H

3H34aj

Oll: rcorpaqicxor Iloayecrpay,

.JJ;W'Ke erroze

I{OjH OHa saY3HMa na EaJIKaHnOJIO)Kaj I{Oj11 je 6110 Cy.n.60HOC3H sa CBe Bec.nOBeHCKHX ;lI,p»<aBa HeI E a JIOC y, nOJlo}f{aj KOj H he aa

sapzrapcxe

nozroacaja

rrpsox

MerTY .ZI.O-

'OHT11 HeMI1HOBHO

'y

CY)J,6oHocaH 11 sa

,lI.aHaIllli:>Y

JyrOCJl3BMjy. JI.oraljaja f{ojl1

3aTI4M,

'Y

Ba2:KHOCTH lbOj

H .n;8JIeKQCeJKHOCTI1

l1CTOPl1CfHIX

cy

ce

onurpaaaaa nouea O)J, aaravxor .uo6a, SI133HH:lCKe npMMaI-b3 xpanrhaucraa, CaMYHJIOBOr u,apCTU3, ocunaaa,a
H CJ:lOBeHCI{e
rU:lCMenOCTJ1

enoxe,

jyro-

'CJIOBeHCl<e

-raurrsa,
J{BeHO 'I-bei-be. 'CKMM

enoxe

HeMafbHfta,
OCJI060~elDe,

poncrsa

MHrpan;WOHi1X

11 HarrOCJIeTKY, y rrCHXOJIOilll(HM, COUl10JIOlIJKMM M eKQHOMoco6eHOCTffM4t u.cuor CTaHOBIH:llliTS3, lll1jl1. je y ruuaj 6uo

3aaqaj

6opoe

crpyjan,a,
33

nozt TYPD,HMa,
AO

urapersa IfCJraMa, 6eK6op6e sa .uYXOBHO 1:1 upOCJIo6oUethe vr

11

xy.rrype,

6orYMIdJICTBa,

l:UU~HOH:aJlHO

yjena-

neocnopaa fI:8 cpop,l\H1pal-he jyrOCJIOSel:lCKOr 11. 6aJllK3tlCKor MeHr8JlHTera, aaponue ncaxe, noeauje, MY3111{e 11 YlVleTHOCTH YOfIlIJTe.

reorparpcxor noaoacaja napnapcse 6aHOBHHe na]nOJbe je no cazra Y04IdO 11 HaY4HO 06pJ1tHO JOB3A UBHjHli. Cr3BJbeHe OCHOBe 0).1,crpaae oaor H3IIIer B'eJlHKOr aayseu.asa noTpe6HO je zteraa.nc 06paJ1.HTl1 H H3,Ef,CH1YHHTH. TOMe je npasuy Y no C3.n;3 MaJID ypaheuo, HaKO je no CBOMe reorpatpcxou nO,,10-

no-

rpaHPP-Hi C3 Byrapcxoa, FP4I<OM H ,lUiUHjaM3 BPJIO je 6JIl1CKa Typcxoj

BI1jH Hero

acajy

aap

aapcxa

6aElOBJ1Ha ,U06UJJ3 jOlI1

panaje

y OTOMaHc}wj

YiMnepHjH,

nehe 3Hallel-be y Jyroc.rajep ce oaa

.nahl8C

JIO)I<aj oMoryi1aBa

joj

rrpBOHJJaCHY

AJIDaHl1joM, a no csoja» rpaH PYMYHHjH. Oaaj }bert nonOJH1TI14[<Y Ii eKC)HOMCKY y.nory.

'3
6aHOBVlH3 je 'npeTe'2iHf0 'I1JIaHIHICfW ~eMJba. Y \fuoj npeoanatjyjy cpe ajse naasaue, Koje f)peTCTaB~aJY B'HC01{e "IlJIaTcpOpMe. ca «ojnx ce 'ySJJ,IlDKy nojeztanu BPX0BH aKQ cy MJlR~lJer nopexaa, a WHPOK8 H 'ITJIenaTa 6pJla ·aKO cy crapujer )l.3-rrYM3.

Bapxapcxa

cy 6HJl1:1 no.a ,rJlel!Jer;,)HMa y )1.06a raauajauaje. Ilocaenana -ror'a je -nrrc ice uaaac H3J133e H3 'BajBHwHM nJI3HI-iH3Ma MopeHe oeipacsre IfpaBaMa M BPJIO DOfO)lHe sa CT04apCTBO. Tlope.a Tora, OBa 6aHOB}H:la npercraazsa J0Ill jezmy ,HapOtIHTY MOPCPOJIOlIIIfY oco6eHOCT, ITmlHHHCKH ~eHtJ.14 sarpalJyjy
BHW¥!

Jl,eJJOBH naanana

MaXO'M

napnezre DJIO.Ll;Hor seMlbHillT8 1'1 l1Hlfe MH:0f(i)OpojHe cy I<0'fJIBHe aaj-ieuihe acnpecenaae p:!etqHl1M .IJ;QJIHcy .y TeKyHHuaMa. Penue )J,OJIl'IHe xajsemhe Be~ .syjy rro HeI{OJIW[{O 't{OTJIHHa 11 4k1He Hilt JI8KO lfIp11c'ryrra\lHJiM. :1HHCl{e rrpece,lI,JIHHen ITJI3l:-lFHICKHnpesoj» oMor;yhaBajy YCIJO,CT8SJbalhe: Y3Jl:Y}KHHX 11 -nonpe-max I-{OMYHHK3QI10HI1X .sesa 11 OH3M0 -r ae HeMa nOJUlBa. CBe OBO QliU'll4 6anOBI1HY JIaKO npI1C!fYflaQHOM y CBI-1Ma npannaxa. ITweM'a cacrany naoztaor 3eMJIDHLLJlra, l{JIM-npocrpaae
"1{OTJIHHe. OBe ;}f8Ma 11 60r3Te MaTCKliM .JIMH8 c OCOOeHOCTI1lV!a 11 KB3JI14TeTY'

panue

cuarc,

no

OBHM

. Je

J{01'JIl1HaMa naapurena

npoassona ITIIleH.I1IJ,.Y) nYBali 11 nacyn, ; Ilope-rnajrrp0I13BO,1l)1 aohe ; oxpuncxo-npecnancrre 1{OTJH1H·e epeazraje n H sohe I1TJl. Bapnapcxa oaHoBHH3 oon.nyje Te[{¥h~1:l,aMa 0;ZI. l{OjHX .cy aexc BeJ:rI4Ke pexe Kao Bap.aap, n[HIM UTJI.. TeKy.lHUJ:e joj oMoryhasajy npl4pO)1.HY PI BellIT3tIl<Y aparauajy 3eMJbI111Ira., IfGja
saure
y aeIHJM
1{OTJH1H3M3

rrajaarne

npupo.aua

nO)I.eJIa KYJITYf>a:

TeTOBCKa KOT-

_.je

(TeTOBCKa)

caspmeao
na,lI,CDBHM3

ld3B€'Ll.elHl.
I:l¥,l(e

rcra,

CBOjHM. M[,wro6ptDjHHM eJIeK'rpl1LIHY eaeprajy.

perce

Flopen

HeH3MepHY FIG>peKJJCI.,

llojpaHcI{o. 0138 T{!)M jesepa, ca OCTa,.JlHM jesepaaa MaKe.ll.OHI1je, saae jeztay lBeJIHf{Y jesepcxy rpyrry, jeJI.HHy y ESpOOH xana ce no~e on rJ,aUl1jaJIHHX [esepa ceaep,HHX SeMaJb8. ·CBa cy DBa TpH. jesepa CJIaTr{o,lBO)l,Sa, BpJlO TIPQ~ .crpana, 11,y6oKa H ,60raT3 p'116oM, OTy.rr.3 je ld fh11X0B .Be~MKI1 aaasaj aa rrpaupe ay 6aHOBHHe. ful1XOBO CBeCij'~aHO apey-ranaa-e ,uOHeJIO 611 nopen MHorHX HaY4H1iX acnrsa 11 op0jlrle uparerusae
f1pecn3HCE{O M

.01< P Ull, OW"

Flopen npapona je

MaJII:iX

nJI3HHHC,{IlX

na,1l3 aapztapcxo]

6al-lQBIdHH Tpl1

je.3epa,

JIeqepel{Or
BeJIHR.a

jesepa ,:

'.

nor aeny aapnapcxa je 6aHO'BI1Ha 'E3PJ]OKOMJWHKOB'8.H3 06JJ3'CT. Y }boj ce cycpehe RHUJe KJlHM3TC£01X yruuaja: erejcxa, cpena.e-eaponcxe H janpaacxa. YTJHUaj erejcxe KJIBMe .ce Deena cse no MopaBCKO-Bap.napCKe BOlI.O.lleJIHH~e, aJIln y rryaox
KJIHMaT(:KOM 'CBOMe

l:{OPMCTH.

.vreca, Gsa
.BaTH,

ziejcmy

OBa

ce

KJTVlM3 HHH.H zra

xyarype xoje :y OCTaJIl1M OOJISCnIMa JyrOCJI8JBHje !:i'e Mory ycnea 10 cy: M8K, nasiyx, aapn, I{HKMPWI<l1, Ka~a., aH8CQH, cy-cax, .n.YBaH, pane aohe l1 nospne HTJ1.. Gsa ['}peAHGlCT aapjtapctce HOH8JIHO HCKO[2lH€:TMJJa .6asoBHJ-Ie, «a.aa 611 ce paU Y CBeTJlOCTa
.Monep!ie no.sonpaapcnue ,Ha.YKe, 611JI8 611 ,0).1; Heoue!lbHBe KO~

OI{OJIHOCT

oceha .y l1oBap)J,apjy jY}J{HO O,lI, BeY OBHM upeneaaxa y.cnesajy raxue

PllCTfI' He' caxo sa I-S , CTaHOB-IHiW1'BO Hero H sa HapO,l(HY rrpI1eno npeJl:Y: YOfUII!re, C 063MpOM na perxe CHpOBHHe xoje ce Mory 0B;l1.e llPOH3BO,ILliTH'. Cpe'utpe-e13ponc~a f{JIUMa BJI3a8 y npe.ueJIl1Ma KOGOBa, ceaepao 0)(' KaLJaHJ11{3 H PHC'I"OE'U3. Y OBHM npeaeJIl1Ma npeoaaahyje 3e.UEtHO 3eM.JhHI1l'1'e: BBJB1l\H mYMCKH KOMrr,7J.eKC11 xpa<rTQ.!3·e 11 6Yf{OBe my.Me·~ 6yJHe name ld .nI1B8ne, npOCTpaI-W n O.Jb.8
C13)IH1Tl'lMfI H

Ha;lI,Jfpe ..wac> t:r<8)1.pa ,IJ,OJIHHOM Llpuor JJ.PH~a. OH'a 0611JIBMM a 1'lVJOC(pepCKHM TaJJorOM join murre nOTeHUHpa H MFla'q,e pa23BI1jeHY' sererauajy y OBMM }{pajeBHMa. AJ1H xazra ce yorunre Y3Mt', l{,lIJ.Hyra, BapnapCKe 6aHOBl1He rraje TOJIll[{O 3aBHCHa on reorpadicxe urnpane K'0JlHKO on paCDOpe)I,8 noje.aanax peJbe(jla, Te y OBOMe no-l!JIe.uy oua LJMHH'je1l,HY oco6eHOCT xoja JX03BOJbaB3 )l,a ua lbeHOM
TJIY.

cse

spcre

Cpe,ll,fbe·enpOnCf{or

J30na.

JalI.paHC({81{J1HMa,

70 reorpetpcxe cnncranaja

umpune. Bapnapcxa t)aHoBHH8 je BPJIO 60rwra 06dlac'P py,n.aMa. y:. OBOMe nOfJIeAY oua 33YSI1M3 jenuo OD, rtpaax
a' n;OJla3~' HS. npso MeCTO Y JyrOCJI3BlljH. xoja Jlantpa y OBHM KpajemnvHI }i3 pHMGKHX. speMeH3, 1f3fJIelI,a zra he y cxopujoj 6YllyimoTTH

ycnesajy

CYJTTpOnCKe

6HJbK€,

xao

11 OHe

xoje

pacry nocne

MeCTa y EBPOPH,

PY)J,Hor 6j[ara,

[our
33-

Ex-

Y3eUI aesepoaarae
rrpBOKJIaCHY

tpa3Mepe

n,

CTBOPI1TH

O;lI, Halle

6aHOBI1He

PYJlapCKY 06JlaCT. npnponae oco6eHOCTH aapnapcxe 6aHOBHHe ql1He 0)1. lbe npsoxaacay TypH.C'rM"IKY 06J13CT ca BP.nO PY}J(wra*

Hanocacrxy,

€.T:r1M

nepcncrcrnaava

If'

OBOMe

rrorneny,

EKOj

)\IIeCTO. Hajxapxauraaju
GlB,L(e•. TIpoH3;7IaSaK je3MK

06.rr8C'l'U sapnapcse 6aHOBHHe y CJIOBeHcKoj n o JUIT'M CiKOj u KYJIToYPHOj HCTOPI1jH saysnxajy

HCTOpI1jcrn:I CJIOBeRCKe

11 jyrccnoseu-

raxohe

npso
ce

a36YI<e, rrpeuon

MOMel:l1~H 011. rpa 11

Cseror

JH1

cy

ITI1CMa Ha

..

MaK'e.1l0HCl01X CJIOBeHa, lliI1petbe xpl11I1fiaHCTB3, rrO.lLE'Ulii cnoBeHCKe KYJITYRe ca CB. K.llI1M·eHTOM M CB. HaYMOM cy OJl. Of1WTer caoaeacxor anasaja. CaMYM,7IOBO ua pCYBO ca aapasaro jyrocaoFeHCKOM TeH;ueHUHjoM je y MeTO BpeMe H npsa jyrOCJlOBeHCKa nOJIll.'fH4Ka LjJopMan;Hja nraper xapa «repa , Y3AMfaYT3 113FHlJX J1JleMe.HCKHlC I1HTepeCa rrojennaux KHe30B3. f-beH je 3HaLJaj raxolje y r.e2K!t>H .lI,3, ce exaaunnyje alI. B1133r'l1fHjcKHX rrOJJHTWIK3X CPOPMPl J1 J(a, crnopa 0pl1rJHraJlHY jyrOCJIOBeSCKY nOJIHTH!JKY MHcao H 11.0Mahy KYJlT'YPY. KYJIrypa, xoja he neurro K3cHHje M3Hl1cp.ecTBOBaTJ1 napo.auy JIyrny Kp03 6orYMHJlCT-BO. Tlocae csor cjajaor nepuona uacraje joru cjajHl1j~, enoxa HeMaI-bl1fta, 4Mja ce Cl'Bap.aJIaLJJ{3 .u.e.JIaTHOCT jour Ii zraaac OnaLI(3 y MHoro6pojHHM KY.1lTYPHl1lVI CTTOME'HI1.u.aM3 (TO CBMMa 06,1I3C'FHM3 sapnapcxe 6.aH013HHe, a nOJIl.1TRqKa ce MHcao Iiaj60Jbe MaH('HpecTyje y. lI..p}f(aBI1I1l{,I{{)M renajy Llapa ,Uy:maHa. EnOX3JI1HI )l,ofaljaj l1 aa KOCOBY., ceooa aapo.aa non lypu,HMa raxohe cy Be~WHe sa aamy 6aBoBfIN:Y. I5.eK'Y3wTBo

xao

Hanpe,UHI1

noxper

tMWI. CJI060)lHOM:
OBIdM '06JIaCTa1M8.

nananajy

Y ztpyroj,

SpJIO, CJlJ{t:I3a lI.8HaW3M,IlapCT{~y,. TaJ{O~~ je cnojy CHary. QpnHJlO Y OOIfpeT· aa .1lY,XOBHH. nperropozt l:i, upK!3:eliy.eM3HMe~y. MycllHMalH:IMa,.

nOJIOBHHH.. neseraaecror

se.K'l. OBlLe ce l?a~,:k

J1

-ocrpaa. 11
fROBHHiliTBO,

onauae

ce

UlHPYf

110

OCTaJUiM

06JI8CTHMa I:lflIlJ1OHaJIHO

5aJIK3aC!{Or

Haj.uy)f{e Tpaje. Y n.oj yqeCTBy:je ,ueJIOKYOHO xpauihaacrco .craca pe'FKOM acrpajnomhy uca je)lHHCT.BemrM '~ep{)113M0l.'4 y aoaa]oj .nCTOPHjl1 6aJII{3HCIHfX 'llapon3. . JOIII y 3HTHt:fRO .I(ooa Eap)I,apCKa ·6aHORHHa Ije.CJI)')i{ijJIa I<8ID ~nocpe.nI;lHtrf{a OORaCT y rrpouery )l,06a.pB .l18MeUY Idcroxa If .3areana nOlIJ'FO je npWn8n8JI8 ccpepn Me.n.wrepaHcKH!X 06JI.8:CTH. IleSHarD je )'(8 cy Me)l,HT@paHCKe 00JI8CTI1J GBe no npOa8JIaCKa AMe-

HaDOCJIeTfry,

6op6a

sa

Thrrr,y-.oazre

iocJIo6d~efue

puree,

3aY3HMaJIe

OpBD

MeCTO

.1(0 xcror )IU1BOTY cy ce '4aHCK3,

BpeMeH8 OHe cy HMaJJe OH)l.811J1ber llHBHJIH30Balior

Me~'YHapo,lUloj

11 .apancxa CTBOpHJle c.'!I KOll CTaHOBHHlllTBa npecpJ.HbeHH yKYC 11 BMCOKe KyJITy.pHe norpetie, TprGBI1Ha rcoja yaex nOBJIal.lH sa C06CDM uenpecraaa KOHTaKT Eanaja H Me~yco6HH IqrJITypHl1 yrauaj, ·ytfHHHJIa je zra cy 06J13CTliI :BapltDpCKe 6aHOBl1He, ca 06JIaC'fHM3 Tpaxa]e, JY>KHe Maxenonaje
jeJHiHCK3, ,naTHHCKf:I, -BH38:HTHjcKa
H ilaJIM@J.J,Hje

paaaujarre

hl Bo,nehy YJI0I:Y Y ,1{'YJlTypHl@M CBeTa. BHGOH€ KyJI~ype xo]e

~JlroBHHH.

-Cxope

03H.M

06JIaCTHM8:

ernnarcxa,

KeJlf1'Ch:a, cpeHll-

jour

y aHTfILIKQ

noaa

JKH:Be.tIH_ ·BMIllBM 0HH Ii

KY.7ITYPHHM

_}KHBOTOM

OlL
ca

QCTaJIHX

OOJl8CTH

6aJIK3HCKOr

TI0Jly@cTp.Ba.
HaI1flJJJI1 11 ua f{oa)I,cfGIM

,cy

C"ToBeHM

HaceJIMJJI1 oae p33BJ!:IjeHoM :lCOjH

rpanone,
EOTOM.

xpajene,

Ka)J.a
BeJlHl{e }f{1d-

cy

TprOBMHoM HaCT30

KOHT2KT

je

M3pa~eH.wM
,lI,0llJb31{a

113Me~y

crapoee.ae-

.aaaa
ca

BeHI1 cy
OBI1M

BpeMeHQM I1X je aM8JIraMHCa0 y jeJ{HY Hapo4H'J'Y ItYJITYPF BHSal-ITl1jCI{OM CPOPMQM, ami ca 6aJIKaHGKOM craapacurhyCaonpMMl1JH:I

xpajeaana, nO.Jlll'fHl.lKO ypehes,e, xpaurbaacrso ypehaise caxo DO cpOPMI1, )l0I( je canpacaaa 11,lJ,aJbe
Tl:i3MJ 11 IIJleMeHCKOM

O,U

BF138HTHHau.a,

xoja

cy ouna

rocncziapuaa

H CO[(HjaJUIO

0CTaJia CJIOBeBCKa, ca CJIOBeHCf{OM rrCHXO.:TIOrHjoM H CJIOBe'HCI<IlM Hal,IHHOlVl MMBOTa J(OjH je 6MO Haj60Jhe napaacen y 'aaztpyrana, ,n;eMOh:pa-

ypehen.y.
l1TA.

JJ.P}f{8SFII1

06J1iiUJI,

~~eYAaJIH3aiV1, 113 Bn3aI-ITNje

ay ropHT8THBHli H8

J~e)Kl1M

6I1JIH Gj H8l{3JIeMJbeHM.

I'

CJIOBf lICKO TJIO,aJIH OHH uncy MorJIH yha Y Aymy aapo.aa HHTH ce C fbl1Me CPO,lI,HTH. 3aTO je jyrOCJ'I@BeaCKH H8pO,u, H Ha.n,)l{HSeO cse lLp)J{aBHe 06JIPJ.Ke, B,JIaCrreJIY ]:I BHrneSe.KOBHO ponCTBO.,. 3 .ua uaje IIOCPHYO, [ep je If>erOB Ko.rreKTIfBHH j:KHBOT Y aanpyraaa, xpl:IWTIaHCTBY H flJIeMeHCKOM ypeijeHay H ,n;aJbe oerao ae cicpn.eu, HOM

8 npOMeHHJlH

npexa Ty~eM ysopy. Flojaa I1JIeMeHCKO H3UHOlHl.7JHe .np)J{aBe KO.1l, JyrOCJLOBe'Ha ce npaa rryr jann.a rex nOlieT.KOM .,lI:eBeTHaeceTQT EeK3 If TO aacy BNme
)J{l1BOTY, ROjH
onora IIOjIYlH

cy f;ma1:Ie on,llM CTBopeHH

cy

ce

CaMQ CnOJhHH

06JllHl.H y npymrsc-

HOCFiOllH

Q6JlaCT,1J napnapcrse 6aHOBBHe Hero illyM:3,lI,Vlja; ~eRO illYM8,lI,Mje ,Q,H ce ,ll,QURHje tnapu Y fP4I<Y., XpBaTCKY H Byrapcxy. 06JIaC:fH 'Bap,n:apCKe IDaHOBWHe npesra OBOMe
nojMY
ocrajy HM,nepMeaGFI.7Ule, o ]yrOCJIOBeHCf:(OJ CTSapH<DCTH"
HJlH (JTJleMeliCKY

TOTaJUura,pHY)

[ep ce r~o,.!I, 1'bUX CTapa Tpa)J)1I1,Hja ,6e3 063B.:pa H3 .n.pm3BHY CPOPMY

,11 uanan.e 33.aP)K8JI3,

Je

6.11.7I0

crcperatsa

C3 .ORe- ·OCHOBHe

JIlIRH.1e,

OHa

cy

re

YKOJIHKQ BRIlIe

6HJla,

e:

Id'

M'a1':&€') BpeMeHCKa' 3.'fj'J.lO

Ii TIojeJl.I1H2tcIHa,

ce

Jl::8HaC

sapnapcxa
6aaOBllHa

6e3

CTBapHe

6alIOB11H8

nojaazsyje

fIO,lI;J10re ~,. Ha pony., H20

liaj4J1CJ'Hjl1',
rro-

HOCHJI.ag· cym'1'HH€

jyrOCJIOBeHGKe JOIlI

MVIGJrH VI CTBapaOCTH.

amr y CyurHl:H11 0pHfHH8mUI H H3Il,HOHaJIHH, Kp03 xoje ce aaj60Jbe M.aIHf¢ecryje jyrOCJIOBeHCKH craapana-rxa reuaje [om ua1iIpBH.x. BpeMeH8 •. HapO.n;H8 MY3FfKa, MeJIO)lHje, Hrpe, uoum.a R

€l'aje' ffOCHJI3JJ..jyrOCJIOBeH(H{e xyarype, fll1CMeHOCT, YMeTHOCT}, My3HKa, apxarexrypa. I1T,n. eraopeae cy 11 pa3B11jaJIe cy ce OBJl.e. flo CPOPMIf Y MHOfl1M CJIy-qajeBwM8 ca )I,OCTa frpaHHX npHMeG8~,

Bapaapcxa

On npHMalb8

xpHIUhaHC1::B8

0611lIaj'm cy cxyn
[(J10JIO'lllK8

BeJ{OBHe My,npOCTH,
H

MOpaJI:HH H en111Kl1 GOJIH,nHO ,a8J.ll}b.H JKIfBO'l'

npoysasaisa aaponue nynre 'liPJ.BH.e crna pu 0 era. OBe oorare o 6JIa CTH', ca pa}I.HHM
Je uajaaxcaaja O;llJIHKa pazr..
JIam.TBO,

npyacajy

asrpahean. OHM 60raTy rpahy sa

11

naru.e

Ii

pazrocra,

,lI,y6m{o·
CBaKfJ-11 CoxozekI{OMe'

KOlVIITJUIKyjy nCMXOJIOiliKa

jyrOC/IOBeHCKe
Hapo.1I,OlW ~

H. MYAPHM

C[{POMHOCT,

MOpaJIHOCT

xexajy na DOROBO aaysxy OHO MeCTO y H8111 oj ,npmaBM xoje NM [e H'aMelDeHQ reorpacpclOIM rrpHJIHf<aMB, npHpOllHI1M 60racnaoa, I1CTOPl1j.CI{.OM, rrpornaourhy H ca.zUlIDfbOM creapaourhy.,

craapa

Dr. Bopacan Apcuh

nOTPE6A 3A PE<llOPMOM HAWEr MOHOnOJlCKOr

3AKQHOllABCTBA
U OPYZllX

eyje
-

Kola zpana natue iIpaONe llOJlLLUlUKe najeuuie unuiepeJy». -. Flottipetia perj3op.Atlf}. M,OHoilOACkGZ cucuiesta y 17po-·
U

U380iJHJU flpaBl'lll

iJpoaaju

oyeana

tcpyza iKpou38oryalia_ R:aLUeZ

u. e!{OHO:M£J<.lt tio.acatca]

Ilpaeuu.

y tcojtiua u.tpe6a
aso

tipouseotjaua. -

Ul:iOyctUPUCKllX

par.f:;0pMa

uuuee uo.noucaja upoueeotjaua.

MOf·W17.0JlCft02

CUClue:JWXJ.

ce »cena

oa

Hoeehaeane
uo60Jb-

6aJbaT{a~

ee tcpeh«

aaKOHO.1l.2BCTBOM, uapounro OHHM. xoje rperia H nam1H MaHHnYJIaURje ):LYBaH3, OTIYIYMa,. llaMYKa 'hI .n.pyn1X. I1H~Y.CTPHCKKX 6HJbaKa, reoje crauaje:a re orpadicxux J.1. t<JmM'3T.c.l{HX. YCJLOEa ycnesajy y QBOM .ueJIY Hallie npacase .. Bapnapcea 6aHOBHH8, saysaaa y rroraeny KOJIHqHHenpOH3BO,D.lbe 013f.fX ITJIeMeHHT.HX 6MJbaKa. npso MeCTO Y JyrOCJIaEHj,H, jep je T-a KOJ.lHq,aHa ynpaso orpouna, UITO 3H.aQI1 zra je H8IlIldM npldBpe.1l.HldM

HHKoj a npyna rpana c:raHOBDlMlliTBO Ilosapzrapja

II,POHSBO.1I,lny

Halle npasae n OJJI1l'HI-{eHe 11 arepecy]e y seho] NJepH aero nrro je CJlYllaj ca

,lI,a perYJIHUIe

OHa OlI. npecy.aaor }l{,aB.ti:e wIiI'l\epece.

,llYBaH

snarraja

no. naury
6I1JhHe «oje

aaponny
38

npaapezry
.
zteo

11 APCTaHOB-

II. MaK. -

aae

BeJIHKH 11 }fH1.BOT;

ij:MilITB.a.

133P.1l.aPCKE;: Q"aHOBHHe suase

XJI.e6

ase

611JbI{e

7
xo]e TOM CT3HOBHHInTBY
H

Tpe6a

na

o6ea6e)le

}KHSOTHY -

er311CTes-

UHjy

nYBaH H MaK npere .aa eKOHOMCKH n01'nYHO ucupny npoasaoha-te, aKO ce ua npewe Be nouece nanpennaje 3aKOHonaBCTBO xoje 6Y1 peryJm.~
npHXO,Re,

rranpe.aatc, a .nP2l!aBH aeaaxe

npoaasohava.
rrpeKO

cano

KaI<O

CaMI1

H3'i!J:I1H

Ynope)J,o na MHorHM pe¢opMaM8

nOTpe6HBM. I1paBH'H CTpHGI{HX

~ HIM, rperia JIa w)J;e H npaKTHtJHH pan. Harner MOl:JonOJlCKor CHCTeMa, perpopssaaa

npcasaoan.e,

TaKO Til np3BHI1

nOJIQ}KaJ.

11 eKOHOMCKH

nOJI02Iiaj

6nJbaHa anje )I.OC3..n,36110 upezmer ;zI,YOJhH-X npoYQaB3Ib3. HOl{ joe e'KOHO'MCI<3 cwryanaja Y CBeTY 11 KOn HaG 6fwa -raxaa .na je
npOH3BO~aq .n:06I1BeHFI)VI HOBueM

npoassohava

osax

HH.n:y~

BOTHe norpetie, l-berOB noaozcaj je cxarpas xao npl1,]fHQHO yHOcan H pery.rncan. A.JIli HaCr3JIa je eKOBOMCI<a T<pH3a, nan neua

Morao

,lJ;a nO}J,MI1pyje

csoje

)1(11-

arpapaax

npoasaoaa

Ii BI1COl{ll

11

HHAyC'rpMCK11x
6f1JIO

npoaeeozra,

zrajanasou 113Me~y uena arpapuax 11 MHorH npuaasohaua .IlYBaH3, MaKa

Kojl1Ma H3 je 1bHXOBa rrpoas-

M zrpyrux

HHAYCTPHCKHJ{ ..

6HJb3K3

nonn.a
KOM

jell.UHO 3aBHMaEhe OPOM3Bo)1.lha

nozr

ij31IIJUf cy ce y je,UHOM rem-

110JlOil{ajy rrpe,

.uYBaH8

npI1Mep,

BpllIUJJa
MO)l.epHe

ce H

,II.3Jbe xao

rauaae sa caernra] craynzsenor ztynana H panaoaaue sa rsercsy npepazry, aJIR ce aaje HHtIJT3 ypaJl,HJIO na ce y Meel'l1lVIa aajpasaajeunje rrponaaoznee nO,ll,Hray cneuajaane rrpocropnje sa cyrneu,e. uaunaaaor )J;YBaJI3, "lI1Me 6rr ce notion.tuao KBaJIPiTeT jom HeOTKYrIJbeHOr .uYS3Ha H THMe nosehana OTKYI1Ha II,eIHl. OPRJIHKOM K.lIacflqH:lKalJ,Hje .uYS3Ha Y3l1Ma ce jotn YBel{ Y 063l1P KB3JIHTeT
)I,OHeTOr )I,YS3ua;
np0I13Be..u:eH.

xynau

UCTl1M YCJlOBflM3.

IIp>KaSHI1

npOH3Be)I,eHOr

nynaaa,

I10,IU13aO

je

.BeJlflKe

MOH0f10JIJ

je:,[HHH

Ma-

He

sonebu pauyaa

0 YCJIOBHM8

non RojUM3 je
HCTU, C TOM

Ha4HH OTf{YIT8. H npouene

CBAa OTI<ynHe

p3SJUH{OM
Ilatoie,

aoa

IllTO cy

neae

ocrao

je

MHaro

upoueteeuusc

e}{01-l0MC]{'UJl'l

U3B08l-be OCIUaA(l

cy

paauje. tipu.uucaua YCJlOBU IipoHl12Ke aero

UClUU~ IllTO

a npOH3BO~aqe
KaT<3B je
BO~aqa OJilTld AYS3Ha?l)

.n:OBOXH

npeTCT8BJba napa)I.OKC3JIHO 6e3~3JIa8HY cHTya~l1jy.

11 eU:OHOMCJ{H nOJIO}Kaj
;r,ecpHIH1weMO fuHXOB a) npOM3B01ja'1

cran-e,

CTBapl1

rrpanun
Hera lllTO

npoasrrO)IO}!{aj MO}Ke

nOTpe6HO

[e

na

Tlpe

Hcr3KHeMO

caenehe :

:n:YBaH3

caxo

onaj KOj0

sa rrpoasaoznsy

aysaaa
OHY

.n.06Hje

JI,03BOJIY

OJI, crpaue

,I

KOJUPHiHY .uYBaHa 1{OJII1KO My je O,lL crpase MoHOIlOJIa O)I,pe~eHO; B) upoasaoljau Mopa npo.n:aTH cas apOH3Be,l(eHH nysau .u.p}KaBHOM MOHOnOJIY no uel:lll

upoassolja-r

npacase, O)l.HOCHO n.eunx CMe .ua npoaasene caao

M()HOnOJlCKHX

oprana;

6)

xojy

Jlp2Kasa

jeznrocrpano

onpehyje;
no

r) aa

nporaaay
11 crporo
npouaaohax

paarsy

IIpoH3S0~aq
l-b3BBH.

To cy

6J1B8 Ol{BaJU1q:H1KOBaH xao

npOrrHC3Ht1 YCJTOBM

a xojnxa

l{pHjYMQap

K8.>K·
HMa

xapaxrepacraxaaja.

1)

Y 3HMaMO y nO"leT](Y casro

nOJlO}l{aj

rrp011'3Bo1jatla nyaaaa

j ep

je

oHHaj-

8
zta npOH.3BO)l.H JlYB.aH. ce fIPaBHHlJI{OM 3HaJIl13'OM 11. TYMaqe.T-heM OBl1X

YCJIOBa

llOJI83fi

npozssobava
npoaasoljaua
Tara Cr3I-'Q3

npeaa HapOQHTa

cy yuanpezr perYJlI1GOI'l11 321,KOHHM8 I1 ype)1.6aMa, TOMe yrosop 113Mel]y ,nP}lC&Ht H rtpoaaaohasa je jPllH8
BPCT3

AYBaH3 ao Tor pe3Y:IT3T(:l, 1I.(} J:l3Me~y )J.pm3se Ii nocrojn je).I.H0 HapOYfiTO yroaopuo crause, YCJIOBI1 yrosopa, je

y ncraeny

o,npel)VJB81h3

npanrror

1TQJlO}Kaja

T8r<O-3BaHH .uYB3H3,

YZOBOp-UlUU,

H:OjH

HCTi1

C811Ma

KOHKpeTHHM .llP2l{3BH

CJIYQajesHM3.

npanana
caM~l,

Ilpaeo
y

npoaasomse

rcoja, 6y.n:yITH y

npeua

nocrojehaa

3aKoHHM8,

q:.3KTHlJl{oj

HeMorybaoCTH.ua

pe}l{HjI~ npOH3BO)I.H .llYSBH, neaervpa non "13BE'Jl.eHHM YCJIOBHMa caoje npaso npouasonrse aa npHB3TH3 JlHua. ilparOBOJbHJ1M npl1MaEbeM CBI1X je.anocrpauo npOI1HCaHl1X YCJIOI3a OPHB3TAO JIHue npoaaaoha-r cryna y yroBopHO cran-e. To je Fl3pOYHl'O yrosopao CT3Fbe reoje ce y MHorOMe pasnaxyje 0)1. OCTBJIHX BpCTf:J YfoBopa, 360r nera CM8TP3MO na je TO cneunCOITC'l'BeHoj jaJIHI1

yroBop,

sui

je npoasaoha-r
YCJIOBe
3a.KTeB3

generis,

HC1'HHB

Be3aH sa
aaro

aurue

jaauonpaenor
.rr.p)KaBHI1 OH 33,np)K3na
[.f

rcapaxrepa.
Pi

THMe

MOHOnOJI

lberoEe

BaJ-ba y nporpecsoaanae
rr060JDIlla
fue

np0I13B01U:be,

aJlVT

opr auasauaje

H sa.apyre

npase

IT npaso na
nOTH'le ID1C[{HX 360r

opraunso-

CBO fa

Teunco eKOHOMGI<O crarse npoassoljava rJIi!lBHQM 360r liepaUl10ElaJIHOCTl1 y C3MOj

cauor
KynHMK ,lI,06.ap CI1CTeMa uena.

n pas aor

e I{ OHOMeKO r ;UYB3Ha

n OJI01f{B j 0.

yOT-

np0I13BO,UT-be

xao

YCJIen:nperepaao

npO,H3BOJIJ-hhl,

Ilp0113BO.LU'bOM

nysaua

6aBH ce Y sapnapcxoj
MaXOM SeMJbOpaJIHI1UH,

6al-iGBldHH

rpahaua, 061'I'::lHO 3aHaTJI~je Kojmvl3 lbHXOBl1 3aRaTH He Mory murre .n:8 ocnrypajy )IU1BOTB.Y ersncreanajy. Ilopen lhHX) np0I13BOJI,lbOM nyaaua 6ase ce 11 jam HeJ{I1 rpaACIG1 E'Jle.MJ~.I:iTJII l'1 TO 113 [{HCTO IllneKYJI3TI1BHI'iX 1l.I1JbeB8. OSH cy 06H4HO Ao6po
11

JIYBana aa]e 611JIO MCK.lbytJMBO ·38RHM8J-be 8th Y3nopen rajen,a 3PH3C'fHX 611JD3K8. Caxo M8JHJM 6pojy CeJb8K3, '4Hja cy seM/bMIlll'a 611318 nenoroznra sa zrpyre xyarype HJIH acnouru.eua, npoaauomsa .uYBaH8 je nOCT3JIO fJIaBHO Ii CKOPO je.u14HO 3a}II1MaFbe, K80 LIlTO je TO LIeCT czryuaj ca 6P)!,CKHM Apl:layutMa. IlaHac je 'llecra nojasa Aa npOH3130)lJbH nYBaH8 npatierpeLI.HO,

.n,eo npoassomsa

CTGlHOBHHLUTBa. PaHI1je

KojI1Ma

raaajy

caryapatra, MaXOM TprOBl1,H ca y saxyn 3eMJbl1UIT8, npoussone

OHMMa I(Oj(.1 ce
OCTaJIO 3eMJbHW'f8 OJI. KOJJyt4111-1y.

,U06pHM

l:{a.DI1TaJlOM

I{ojI1

y3HMajy

HOCT

H3Be,lJ,Y nehy

npoaaaohaua,
xyn Ty~a 0611iJ:Ha

rpancxo
aa

.lI,YBali H TI1Me cxan.yjy MoryhnpOH3BO)Vhe J1.YB8Ha ucxpaa.yjy na npoJ.13Y3l1Majylu1 OBY nocaena.y rcareropujy
CTaHOBHl1Jl1TBO HJIH Y3HMa AYBaH,

non

38xao

KOjHM3 sa

paaaa

UaM3.
I{OjH

nOCTojH

cnar-a pazta JOIl! [ez.au sexzse,

'fYlJ

np0I13BO,ll;BI paQyH

HJIYl

IlQ.D.. MM3epHI1(Vl

Ha)I.HHOHIdX ca

HeMajy

3e1VIJDe -

teauo.nusuipctcu cuciueu,
3BaHH

Cl1c'teM

npOH3BO)lJ:Be 0)1 crpaae

061-t'4HO

TaJ{BH np0J.13BO~a4R

6e3 concrseae
2) Japl1ijuja

japuuujer)

cxnanajy

je na 'l'YPCIWM je3I1KY C.liiORI1M capouaxa,

nponerepa.

9
conCTBeHIUl,HMa XOBOM 3eMJhHillTY, 3eMJbHlliTa 3eM,]be aKO norontiy 0 np0I13BO.ll.IbH YCJ10BIlMa:

DO,n: cJIe.lleluJM npOH3BO,1I):be

)lYBaHa na IbHjapmraja je Jl.ylt{aH

na caocn cas pan

erBeHMK

)lY2K3H
3eMJhlilliTa

je.n.a
11

ucxpatsyje

1I.YBaId3J celli

opau.a.

japauajy

sa npexe

COI1-

np0113BO).I;.Fhe, a JI.06HseH3 IYl3MelJy BJIaCHHK3 CT3JIHO nOBeiiaB8lbt'

CyM3

o,n:

M<}f,-IOnOJl3

,I1.€!JIH ce

H3110JI3

xpyra

japanaje.

npcaaaoha=a
na

'3HaK )J,a llH.llYCTPI1CI{E' 6H.lb1:ee, .ayaaa

saacno
'''l

J(OjH nocra]e

cpeTCTBO sa ocar-ypaeaa,e )[UfBOTHe Y CSOMe paunjen 33BFiM3lbY He Mory

ROJIUl{O

npBOM

liajo~rypHMj Vi je Mecry, UOCT3jy eraacrenuaje MHOrtlM3

norm

TUMell.)'BaHCHO
'T3J-be je rcaxo

OM.OryfiHnr CBHMa VHTep eCeHTl1Ma, KOjH nuje MaJID. npOH3BO,lJ,IhY .n:YBBH3? Teparopuja sapnapcice 6aHOBHHe tra npac

npaape.naa

I1HTafbe ,Uool1ja uiapa,

TOJlHKO

cOUHjaVIHI1

auasaj,

11.0 aapana.
OHO

11 COJJ.Hj~JIHH

npQ6JIeM.

111'1-

61<lTH I1CKopl1wheHO yrJIaBHOM pazm Tara, llJTO ce y 'FOKY jeane ronuue CMe aacanurn cavo OH0JIHI{O AYB8H8 KOJlHKO nporrame
MOrlbnoJI. JlYBaHCKe nPOB3BO)lfue npE{aBHH MOHOnon o.npehyje C 06311POM aa MoryhHocT rrorpoum.e. yayrpaunse J!1 CnOJbHe, )J,a 611 ce H36er JIO HarOMI1JIanalbe nerrcrponreaor ss-: GBY

Mep, no CBOM reorp34)CJ{OM H l<JH1M8TCKOM uoacacajy npeTc'X'aBJL8 orpOMHO noise sa npoussona.y )lI.YBaHa, norse rco]e cae He MO}Ke

rpanauy

Balla xao
6HJIa je

2I{YCTPe. 6op6e H IIQJIeMWI<e I!:J3MeIjy TeK OCHO-BaHI1X sanpyra npoasnohaua zryaaua r1 MOHonO,rrCKe ynpase. AprYME'liTH H jezrae H ApYI'e crpaae CI3o,UI1JJe cy ce, CB8Ka ca cynpeJ].Mer

UJTO je

6UQ

cnysa]

npe 10-15

rO}J)1H8.

OBa

Mepa

npornura

MI1IIIJbe'P-beM.,H8 naraise
MOBOnOJIa H H8 fIl1Tafue

orrpaezraaocrn

Ii

.nocrojau,a

CJl06o,UHe npoaaaonn.e

l{OPI1CHOCTH AYBaa8,

MH
B!1,/lHOM

}]{eJUfMO

na osaj
61d

np06JIeM
MGrJII1

nOClYl8TpaMO nOTnYHo
.n:onpMHeTI1 fber0130M

otijexnpa-

'THBHO, OH8KO I<8KO

3i,HICra.

pem3S3lTIY. 360r rora He MQ}f{eMO nOTnYHO CTaTH ua TJIe.lI.HIIITe np0I13BO~aqa .nYB8Ha, OllHOCHO IhHXOBf1X aanpyra I(OjH -cy a8XTeB3JH1 YKH.ll.8I:he MOHonona 11 CJI060,lI.HY npOH3BO,lUbY 11

npoziajy MOIHHlO.rrnc.aHHx npm13801I,a, aJII1 Aa )],0 «pajuax KOH.3eln~el:lU3 npHXBaTI1MO

C1H'IX BHUJe CTpYY('baKa CMHCJIa sa 0 !{QPMC'B.OC'TH Jep CTBapHOCT

CMO Jl..aJH~KO MIHllJbeI-b8 CHCTeM3. crpane .uaTH

l1 O.lI, rora MOtlOrrOJI-

S8selleaor
on CJl060,UHa He MO)f{e

Ca

MaJIO 38-

Jlpyra

)1.) B3H2
saaa,

Y Crsopahe sehaaa
fuHX

6HJlJ.1611 MHoro 6Jla)f{H.

n:!3H!3111[bI1M
ce ua npBQM )lYB3H3

nporecra

AysaldCKI1X

rrpoasnonjsa

IT rtpozraja

IIpI1JIHl{aM8 MeC'l'Y

60Jbe pesyzrtare.
KBaJHI1'eTa,
Bene

HarOMHJIaBalbe

nponsnexenor

KBaHTHTeT

pasaao

n01~Y)J.a
HecrBHRK

YYl>lHHJIa 6Hl1.3
a MHorH

611 ce aa pa=ya neue He 6YAY

,n;yno-

OJ( ztanautHCKOpHCTl1he

MOHOnOJICKHX,

TprORQI1

H UJT1eKYJHlHTI1.

MOHonOJIa, xao llITO je 611B80 CJIYlJaj ca on~YMOM. 360r caera Tara, ITHT3l-be orrcraaxa MOHOnOJIa sa Hac Je Ball )J.HCT<YCl1je.Jour ~ name, AYBaHCT<O rnrraa.e xao eKOHOMCKH .11 cOUHjaJUI!d np06JleM He (Me 6M'fH petuasaao npOTMB H MHMO

jell.HHH

10
MOHonO,R3. CTEOM .naTI1 J{OH8,

Hanpo n-n,

CaMH

MOHOnOJI

KOj VI My je nOC3.llarrnhH

najcoaazmnje

cyrecruje

CBOjMM 60ran:l'M HCKyn PYJKll0, MoraD 6J.1 33 MOll.HCPHI{8UHjy MOHOnOJIC~HX aaca CHCieM

11 pan

)J{aBH

ocurypa

Koja

je anCOJJ:VTHO
YAeK

HE0l1XOll,118. H3BOP

LJ,HJb MOHO[lOJl8 npHXO.l1.3

je 0

.a.8

AP-

je.ll21B cranau

11 TO

je

tJHlbeHI-ItJ,a
MOHO-

ca

KOjOM

rpeoa

paqYHaTt-l
nutan.y.

nOJICJ{OM

H nYBaHCl<OM

HM yT<HJI,at'he MOHonOJl3, aJIN HH A8Jbe rrpnnyacaaaa,e CHCTeM8, seh xapMOHH~Ha capaznsa H3Me~y .ll.p),RaBHOr MOHOITO.]J8 H np0l13BOqa48, O:)l):IOCHO fhBXOBI1X sanpyra. Ta HeOnXO,1I,H8 capann-a Mapa I1M3'fH sa lJ,HJb: xutuno tlo60.Jbutafbe
7

.ltYBaH8

llaKJIe,

npHJIJ1I{ClM
'HH

)l,IiICKYCI1ja

CJI060AHa OPOH.3BO,II.1-b8

crapor

UlelU7aJZ

iio/to'JIcaja tlPOtl38oljaq,a.

lleTaJbHI1M

npoyuanarsev
ce

onor

np06JIeMa

~aLJJ:ilMa AYB3ao

D03a6aBHfieMo ce OnllfMpHI-1Je CBaXOM o.a OBHX TPMjy KOMfiOHeH8Ta npaBMHHO eXBaheBe nOMohH rrpoH3BO~aqy.

eodne; 2 -

Mopa

sperara

useohasa.
1-

uosehane

y TpH npasna : I OlUKYUftilX

)I.o.nasH

,n:o S8KJbYlJ]{a

na

nOMo"H1

ce

pall

OKO

npoaaaoTara
ilPOU3--

uena

lZo6oJbLUafbe
Ll

3-

ocueypane iipo-

yC./108Cl

Iiotio.snuan-e YC,/lOeCl apou38oiJ!f.Je.

l-1H,llYCTpl1CI<e
6HJbl<e

Y CJIOBH

nozr

KOj I1Ma

cy TeWIOL npOH3Bol)atlH ce yrJIa13HOM ocaau.ajy aa csoje 11n,:ycTBo H Tpa,aHUHje y nponaaonn,a J.l)TB8H8, .ao I-bera He Mory lla .aonpy HajF10BHjYf l-layllHH pe3YJIT31'H y OEOM norvreny. Dp0I13BoljaQ rrp0113B0)1H )J.YBaH BpJIO npl1MHTI1SHO; .uysaH ce3aHCHl

ce npOVJ3BO)J.e

MecTY,

xcrt

I-JaC, AYBaH sa npBOM

he ce

l{I;>R.lU1Te'fY. PeaYJLTaT OBara je HyDRa KJlaCHcpHK8lJ,Hja llYBaH3 .H M8Iba o'rxyrrua ueaa l Ilpoaaaohas je Y HeMoryhaoCTfI,Ll.a cax uooozsura YCJlOBe sa npoesaonn.y. Tpe6a cauo 3HBWPI1'f11 y Kyfie 'l'HX n PUH3BoijaQaH HCTIH'fHTH fhHXOBO eKOHOMC[{O era Ibe ria
CBOMe

rrpamuna,

H3JI01f{H KaI{O nperepauoj

o6epe

11 HaHfDK·e

na

ce

06eCH

no

I(Y1HlHM 3112I.ODHMa CnOJh8

npJb3BWTHHIf
H3ry611 MHoro ,U)'BHtl

re

Hell

cyLIJI1 TaKO 11 BJla3I1,

npl1JHHWM

-cyureu.a

H y

J1.0fU1 ,II,O nopasuux

pe3YJ1'i'a1'8.
11 llieH

norperiao

Ha

za .np1R3Ba
MeCTY Tpe6a

MOHOnOJl

npBOM

ce cauysao ziotiap
H3BO,1I;t-be nOTpe6HH

nOLIJihl1 Mon,epHe CYIliI10HHue, qRMe 611 l{B8JfI1TeTJJ.YBaH8. Y ueurpuva JI,YB8HcKe npocy l1 BYBaUCf{[1, lUlCLulu71yilla KOjI1 6[.1 ce 6aBHJfH

osoes norJIeJJ.Y XI:1THQ [e npeJJ.Y3MY norpetiae Mepe.

pau~lOHaJ1Y13aLtMjoM npol13BOWbe 11 crpyl.JHHM npocBenHs3FbeM npo113BofjaQa. Y qH:lHaHclilp.aI:bY lBera osora Henpase,lJ,HO je rpa}f{HTH If yqewbe npoM3RO~aQa, jep oua yornure HYley y CT8H.:>Y ,zr.3 TO H3.np)f{e.

Florpeouo
npOH3BO.lllPe.

To

haI-b8

onnrrer

r e npoassczra,a Tpe6HO H eJIHMHHl1illY \113 np0113BOIlt-be OI.1H KOjI1 nponsaono je.nHHO y llHJbY YBefiafba CBOjHX f-f OI1aKU BeJlI1l<l<lX npuxo.aa. TI1Me6I1 ce, sepyjexo, AOHeKJle y6JlBJlHI.na COlJ)ljaJIHU crpaaa OBoe

ce y npso apeae MOllie YQHFH1TH a 6e3 noseJ{OHTHRreHT3 aKO ce caao BO;IJ:Hpaxyaa 0 rcwe na .II.03BOJhasa cave OlHHvia I<Ojl1M3 [e TO saacra no-

je

,U03,J30JTI1TI1 npoH3Bo11aQMM8

Behy

KOv1VlqHHY

np06JIeMa.

11

AYB3Ha 11 OCraJIHX ffH,lJ,YCTPHCKUX 6UJl;)aJ{3 npercranzsa H3J6oJIHH1Y CTpaHY Harner MOHonOJICKor np06JleM3. OTKYOHeueHe cy KaTRa,II,a TaKO HUCKe zta
OHe [cnaa

2 -- lIoeetuuse

OUlKYUT-lUX

uena.

DYTaIbe

OTl{YI1H~

neua

I1SEOJ1.lDe. Hexa
Mep
KItIJIOrpaMa

HaM

C3 ,lI.YB3HOM.3)

.leztan xetcrap
YalY,lHIv,IO

6y.n;e

nonxapyjy
3eMJbe

Tp01D[(QBe .1l,3 H3Ht'ceMO

.lI.03BOJbeHO

QKO npoje1l.8H npa-

pO,lI,H 06114HO

.nYBaH3.

aaae.aeuor .nYBaH3 na je.II.HOM xexrapy, JlHHapa rcoja ce Jl.oDHja no KH.7IO'rp.a'My. 3HaQH.lI.a npl1HOC .lI.YBaHa O;ZI jenaor xexrapa 113HoeR 12.000 ,lJ,HHapa. QBOj )106B aeuoj CyMH onroaapajy CJIe.rr,eTIM p~.ffit:lCKH 'tPOiliROBH OKO npoaaacnn,e acre
KOJlI1Qa He ,lI,yaaH3:

Cpe)I;l:by un!ppy,

fG'lJIOrpaMa npoH rrpOCeqHY IJ,eHY 0)1. 15

800

700-900

Opaase qeTHpH nyT3 . Cazm,a )lYBaH3 (aa [enaa xexrap 50 R3)J,HHQapa) pauyuajyhp
HaltHHUY . . . . . .
LIHIIlftethe qJHJIll33

..
nOTpe6HO
no

lU1H3pa

je

600 750 750

15
. .

)lHH.

(50 nanuaua ITO 15 )lHH.) (300 H3,1lHHua no 15 )lI1H,) " 4.5uO Coprapas,e 11 naxoaaa,e (200X 15) , . . 3.000 IIpocevaa xapaja S3 1 xexrap " 1.000 Cser a )lI1H3pa 10.600 fIPHXOJl je .ll8KJIe 12.000 rtauapa a pacxo.a 01{0 10.600 )].(1napa, Ilpoaaaohany ocraje YYlCTHX OKO ] 400 ,UHHap8, O.II: xojax
II

"

EpIHb€

11 Hll33fhe

II

CMeJIO narse ,[(3 octane, jep je OHO He3JlpaBO H HeCOIJ,HjaJIHO. MO,lluqmKaUl1ja 33KOHO,Ll.aBCTBa y OBOM noraezty rpeca .n:a ce xpehe JIEHHjOM xoja 611 BOA32KtJItIHe.

My ce npyre

npNJIHKOM

HCJJ,JlaTe S8)J,p}KaSB OBaKBo crau.e He Oli 0

JXo6ap

.n:eo

33

nopes

11

.uHJIa

nehoj
HOM

npOH3BO~aQy Hero urro je ziocana 6FW CJIyqaJ. npOH3BO~alJ je 'raj xoja craapa 33 np1Ka13Y je.aau carypau 11 YHOC3H U3BOP npaxona. Op3se.nJJOCT H3JI8)t(e )lB H OR no611je ,.ll,OCTOjHH eI<BHBaJle1I8'T sa CBOj pazr, TI1M npe urro ltP}K8 f3a Y TOM cay-rajy He ry60, jep OBe npoaasczte TIpO,UBje no ,U8JIeKO
~ellH. .

~ume pa=yua

Flpe aa ;rr.aHallIl'beM crarsy Harner MOHOrrOJICKOr SaKOHO,Il,aSCTB3, aKO IIPo.A3BO~aq OJ( JJH1l1W ITpoaaseneuor JlyeaHa 33.lI.P}J{H M axap je.)J;3H MaJIH zteo sa JHFIHy ynorperiy 6l1BGi crporo Ka}lUb3B3H xao KpHjYMLJap. Y jeJ.LHOM CBOM paHHjeM tIJ;laHKY llMaJlll CMO npflJIHKe ;n:a ce OITIIlHpHl1je rro3a6aBMMO OBH,M np06JIeMOM4) 11 TOM rrpuJrl1KOM nOKyrn3JIH CMO ,lJ,anOK3)f(e.MO K3I{O je OB@. Mepa HeOCHOnana ca rJIeJI,HIDTa npaaa H He~eJIHCXOll,Ha ca fJIell.MlllTa eKOHOM· CI{Or. Je.n;HOM M3JIOM 33KOHCKOM pecpopMOM Moryhe je peurura nOBOJbHO OBO natan.e H3 raj HalJHH, illTO lie ce onpenrrm jenau MHHHMyM ,uYB3H3 KOjM np0113BolJaQ MQ)Re sanpxcarn no.n H3Bec3)

C OBHM Y Be3w MopaMo ce YI<paTKo sanpzcara Ha jour jenDl1T8lbY rcoje )ly60KO sa.aape y aarepece nponssofjasa.

raacaax"

4)

TIorraotf cy D.06IfBeRH O)l. CaMYlX npOH3Bo1]aQa, KpHjYMQapeIbe ,1I,yBaHa y CSeTJ1oCTl1 3aKOHa

}!

on 20 MapTa 1937, 6p, 459. CTP, 2,

npasa

"CIWOCKI'I

12
lfNM no YCJIOBHM3. rreRH

I1JlH,

urro

he

ce Ce;1b3KY rrponseohasy ouer Ta~IH0

rrpO,ll8BHTH I{O.JJH.1:JHH3

KOillT81·h8

1i8BeCrr8,

YTBp~eHa
aa

JI:Y~

,J!WUle Yllorpe6e, crpore 3 - Ocuzypuue

1 j
I

aaua,

110A oJlP'e~'eHHM

YCJIOBHM3

H8B011):be Ii nosehan,e ortcynuax neaa MOHOnOJiCKHX rrpnaaae.aa Tpema 1I.8 6YllY npahena 11 ocarypatsen npoaasoha-ra, aKO ce )KeJIH npaso I:berOBO nO,.1:(H.3~fbe. OCl1rypal-be np0l13BOij34a je couHjaJIH3 Mepa, OHa 11M3 sa l.t;I:fJb ,U,a rrpouaaoha-ra ocarypa Ol[
eJ.[~MeBTaplfflx DBQM uenorozra xoja npasuy seh ce Mory ,ll;a

fIFJMMep no.a YCJlOBOM satipane npoziaje fj nQJ(JlOHa 11 TA.). iipoll3Bofjalia. nOf).04bUJaf-be ycnoBa !1 po(xao

My ym':Illll'e. 6ep6y
ca pa).lol\!l,

lli npn-

XD,n;e.Y

Ol'IIOqeJIQ
YP3J1.HTH.

.caMQ aanera«

Ope N3BeCHor speuena zrouera je Yp,e.D,oa 0 OOaBE'3HOM 06e30eilelhY ycesa 11 r1JlOnOBa 0)1. rpazra y Bapnapctcoj 6aHOBl1HH.. Ha OCHO$Y TE Ypelloe npourro rpe6a
TIHCaM je

onora

aJly! je CBe TO

o6e3e5etjelcLe .llYS3Ha ozt ztysaaa Y Bapnspcsoj 6ab!o~ Bl1HH n.YiK8U je zta ooea6eJll1 ,LtYB8H npOII1BY rpill.ll8 (q,1I. l ), O~ 6e36e~yje ra .aa -raj Hal1l1H WTG Y "CPOH)J. sa lloaee3Ho OQE'36e~etbe ycena" ynaahyje no 21:'0 OJ!: cyMe xojy he sa JlYLH1H 118

rpazia.

ITo

J.1

flPSBHJIHl-1K

sa

06aseSHO

I-beMY,

CBal([>I

C8)I,T1JIau;

npHMll SBOJIQM ellJ!.

0)],

MOHonO.fla, sa

pemana I-b Y .uy138 ljC!{or flYlT31'b(), OHa .IlEa 4.[faH3 I1paBI11fII1K8. (13 Ii 16) Y MHorOMe crencaaajy nOJICDKsj npoH3BO~ ~aqa. f1peH3BotjaQ, KOjJ1 cny CBOjy pa,ItHHOCl' H rlOHeI<811 1(.anHT3JI YH:OCH y np,OH3BO,nJ'hY ,ll.YB8H3 ,U3 61>1 ra era BIlO aa f<0PHllifle.Fbe.
J asa, nanpena
f(

15_ jyna caarce rOAHHe, y npOTl':IBHOM he QI1W"rI'lH3 eraeKYIPI!3IIYlM nYTeM, 6es npaaa 2K3JI6e,. HonpillMTH nanaary re CyMe. (4.11, 16). !{v,TtlH{O Ype.n.6 a YI Il pa BMJ1"H H [{ rrpe'rcraa»,aj Y y !J.eJJ H H H ,. I{ a a rro ~
y

O)lOOpeI'H:lX 13). Osy .cytvJy

pa-tyuajyha
C8)J;I1JIaU_ je

,D,a

C8111-bY .uajy

1 «rp. nYBaua JJ:Y)Kaa ,nil YllJI3TH l-J-aj.ua.lbe )1.0

npOQt:LJIIO

lOU crpyrcuna

1l.YBaHa

AO'

D.P)J{·gBH, Mopa caMi.a

6aYI{OM aa npoaasohaua H C~THor concrneuaxa. Harne [e MMIUJbefbe f-(ft JIpH<8Sa, Q11.1"10CHO IDeH MQHOnOJI ''Ipe6a AS y-recrsyje 6a}! ca 50 III y OB.HM H31IaUHMa OKO OCl1rypa}h3, jep je y
DJIa'l'OM -

rpouncoae N HS)J.aTl{e Mopa 1I.a yllHHH y nepnuny "MpTBe" cesone aa npoassohana, no 15 jYH3 t npera My ce er3eKYTMBHOM Ha-

CHOCH r.B~

Tp0rI1LWBe

OJ{Q OCMryp8I-b3.

Te

npoasaozusa
n n~{,)U3BO~aq.

..nYB3Ha

ocraazsajy caMY,! ce61I, Hanara ce Aa he CBe

KOM .lI;eq>I:IHRTHBHe

3aHHTepeCOBaH3 y I:1'CTOj MepH OB31{0, npeaa f1p;aSHJJFUH{Y, npoH3Bo1jaQI1

11 OHa OHA OBO C8Mli

K30 ce

cnsapajy

CPOHJl 33 06e36elj€I-be.
Hcn paBJheHO

6HTI1 YI'!€I{OJIHiw

npumrSal{OHO~

_,U8BcTBa,

MOPJI~HI{ar:l;Iije natner MOHOnOJIC!{or MO.D.1>lCPHKoUHja xoja ce jasJba K80 len,R8 011

eJIHHjHx norpees

npaapeanor

}J{HBOTaua jyry Bopncnas

Haj8RTY~

Hallie

lllp*aBe.
e"BD It

11 B. B.Jla roj

.Il0KTopaR.ll npaaa

13 PEll H3AKOHl1TOCT Y <l>HCKAJIHI1M OnHOCHMA

jaaaocra

KpeTHO.

je 'tJ;eCTO 6I1JIO pel:.lH. OKCaJIO ce 11 Y HaqeJIY, H KOHTeaar je YBeK axryenan 11na ):lHeBHOM peny, jep csar.aa H_ cnyraa cycpehexo H3BeCT8H pen H npasnaa 0 lbf?My xao ,11 Ka3HeRe CaHRUI:1je, npcnaaheae sa !herOBO npexpmeu-e. A TO je CaCBI:1M pa3YMJbHBO, jep 6H I1Ha1..JeI-l8CT3JIa onnrra rropeaehenocr

33KOHM1'OCTI1,

cneuajaaao

¢mCKam:lI1M

IU;iTaI-bI1Ma,

~- xaoc.

IlOBO,lJ. MHCJIehPl
TpaM )l.RIllT8 je)J.HHI(e.

sa onaj

GBOMe TIUTalhY .n:a je

nojenanax

1.1JI3Hal{ .uaJIO MIl

JHIua C
ra

I:(ojHMa

).(8 OB8KBO
nOTpe6H0

C-XB3T3lbe na

anje
T3t{O

cxsaraa.e DO ;lI.OJIa3HO Y )lO)l)Ip. loje.lI.HHaQHO Yf peTKO), CMa-

je H8CTpaHO

caM

paCBeTJUIM H

CTpYQHO, K8KO

ca

M.H'TepeC3 rrojenaaaua,

Y nararsy

[e aaspinen,e

ca rJIe)]',HillTa

rae-

aurepeca

33-

onpcnaoa

q:HiCKa,IIUe npupozre.

¥iSBaHpe)Ule npnnpenue fI. eKOHOMCKe LIeCTO H3MeHe IiI nonyae cpHCR3JIHHX nponaca.

rrpI1,IIHKe HS3311Bajy-

Te

H3MeHe

11 no-

nyne, npxsaajexo, nojenaauy I-wje JI3KO I1paTHTH. AJIH CBe OHO mTO ce Mopa, He nnra .rr.a .1111 MO}Ke, jep 3aKOH spurn caoje H ce
CBOjMM Ka3HeHe

K23HeHHM

C3HKlJ,HjaM3

HarORI-!

aa

n.eroao

nanpuren.e.

A-

lta JIH je jeBTHB(1je

yrr03H.3TflCeC

noje,lulHHM
J

o.n:peJ(6aMa

nYTeM

npaaeae 3aKOHa HJH1 ,ll,06POBOJbHO MHCJUIM.1la He rperia ,lI.Oka3llBaTl-I. 11 nopezt Tora MHorH IGl}KY: "I10CJlOBI:UI (MO Jby.n.H,
He
3HaMO 3aI{OHe Ii HeMaMO
I{3,n,

BpeMeH8

zta

H"X

q~1TaMOt na
peQHMa,

sarc JbYl(H

II JIaKUle

nyurrajy
CBH JI,Ol{

nerca HJI,e
OBI1 ,n;o~e

rrpOJIa3HMO

naxo

I1X He 3H,aMO". H,lle,

pa3JI03H

JlpyrHM

H OB3KBH

Mory

ce IIpMMHTH 3aKOHa.

CBe )J,OTJIe" ,11,0 rot-a

)l,o~e,

CMO npexena Jl.a aaY4HMO H .nasrue 6« flaM 6t-wo ,lI.a tMO bBO Jl06POBOJbHO H 6JIarospeaeao HaYl.IHJIH". AJJH .na JIH THMe MOiKeMO 1la craap nonp3BHMo? He, Hssptuea.e 3aKOHa oriaseaao je aa csarcora

He

]{a)I{e

ce : "Mor.JJH

npHMeH3

Ra3HeH€..

canxuaje

LIHM

CMO 3HaTH,

HM8JIH

xora
UITO

a3CeJKe,

a.era Y u.eroa pan sazrape.

jep, OCTaSMTe
nate OBMX

na je care

norperino

.n.3 CBaKH o6Be3HHK npara

HOBO

CBe

ynourerse JIH"llHe HHHlIJ1janme OCTant paBHO,ZI,YillHlilVl npesra

, I

Y csoje

speae

3axTeB8

sehe

nOC.nOBe

HOBHH3M3

xoje

11 He CMe ce HaM liOBO apexre

{waH HB uponacr.
TBp~eI-be

)l.OHOCI1,

JIM .ua H)J,e I{aKO IJAet yuanpen

JbY,l(H 11:a 48K J.(8Krne .aa

ere ocyKa,1J.

npoaase

nnce
I-IOCT"

He suajy, M01Ke 6HTH OCHOB3HO·Ha l{aIKeM 33TO, urro je II03HaTa CTBap

CJIyqajHoCTI1.

llCJJyqOj-

npoHe

3.aKOH He3Hal-be

I1cTHHa1 I1Ma cayxajesa rne rrpHIYIefbHB3Q 3aKOHa npornena Her}1,e I<P03 npcre, 8.lW je TO 063i1P npesa 113SeCHHM npnJlHK3M3, re npeMa roae TO je cyojcxrusaa CTBap. 11 rperia JII1 cane 360r Tara OCTaBI1TH na ce OBa nnrau,a peurasajv cayxajaourhy ? - HallpOTI1B, CBaRH Tpe6a zra ce ,n,06po ynosua ca
H3BI11-b8BfL

CBHMa

ITHTaIbHMa

xoja

3all;I1py

IherOB

JUfqHH

nurepec,

re

.ua-

yseK

6YAe

crrpeM8H

sa OJlrasap.

14
Pa)U:I

-ce
II

)JAKO Y poxy

1)

aaycrpaua]e
OJI.

HaSO.l1.HM)J,Ba I{OHKpeTH3
nopecxy onoxeuy

PeUHMo,

,n06njaTe

,r{8Ha

He yrraarare

er3eICY'fHBHOM ce BpUHI

nonac I u M 6a[(HTe onOMeHY. 11 3aHCT8, 113BPWH ce nonac, OlIpeAH zraa npona]e - TeK aa naa- zrsa ao npozia]e ncrpnare on jenaor .no npyror He 6a JIH ee nponaja O.llJIO}KHJI-a. Kazra ce YBepHTe jIa He MO}f{e, DOl( BPJ10 HenOBOJbHeK8 'HHM YCJfOBHMa

HOS8ua,

rrOCTYTHCY", a onOMeHH .ae rrpnztare

Ty H Ty cysry, npacrynahe rj. norracy H rrponaja. Henare

Ba}KROCT, Ben JIOKOHCIUI

rtpuxepa : H Y I-bOj crcja

pemare:

sanyacyjere

ce na npyro]

CTpaIH:I RaKO

611CTe OT-

HMOBHHY H O)J_P}f{3JIH CBOj YfJIe,lI,. MeCTO 'CEH1X THX aenpajarirocra, ,l(a ere ce n06pI1HYJIM .lI,3 ca3H3Te 33KOHCKe nporrace, MtiOrO 611 zraxrue perYJIHCaJU:I CBOj Ayr: aajnpe, npo sepaaa 611CTe 'raQIiOCT OIlOMeHe, na, aKQ aaje rasaa, v13jaBilJHI. l'IH8, rrparoaop. AKO je Ta Tpa2KHJfH 6HCTe nOLJe:K MJLI1Tpa>KHJIH
KynHJIM

nOrI.aC8HY

HCllJIary

MHUy

cnyuraa,a,

I1I1CTe npOTIaC_HO T3KCH.paJIH. YxsaTe aac, Ill ra call 6HBa? Baine ce fiMe npOBO,UH I{P03 KpHBHQHe KOHTpOJIliH.Ke OJJ:eJbKa 'PMH .. I{OBTpOJIe H Ilopecse ynpase, Cr3JIH.O sac 3F1BK@jy au ca-

y jiaraaa. 2) Y3MMMO onaj cayxaj : npcnajere

poey na tcperar

11 KlbH-

aJIHe maJl6e,
BpeMeHY

caonnrreisa, ry6rne apexe Ii rpouiare ce H3 eBeHTYpaana nJlahalba 11 rinarnre C31\o10 I{33HY 590 zu..napa. (a HOSalJ,) Ii MaTepHjaJIHo. 6y.rr.eTe eKCnJIOaTHCapUf
Mopa 6MTM jI;a csauo aaa,

Pe3HMe csera }l,ocaIl, I13JfO}lH~Hor: He oripahajyh» AY2KHY naaosy Sal{OHCEHIM oJI.pe.n.6aMa, M3ry6HJIil CTe: Mopam-Io (y yrneay),

-y

.najere
rrJIeH -KaKO

speae je MoryhHocT ,lI.a

3aWTO oso

fIOBPX

csera OBara,
nocrajere
IT J1.T31he

H qeCTO

HecaBeCHWX

nOCpe}l,HHKa. nOCJIOBaH QOBel{

CBe OBO

MO}{{e

P Ilocraan,a ce Huurra JI3Kme:

aerro-

CTPY-4HHX nonyJI3pHMX n pen 313 aa.a , npnpehenax O,lI, crpaae opranaaana]a Y cnopasyay ca q,ilHaHCl:ICIG:IM BJIaCTtiM8. Ha OBHM npenaaau.axa 6H ce YBeI{ paCnpaBJb8JI8 8KTyeJ1Ha r1[1TaIba. Ha 'raj Ha4HH, nopea KOPBCTH. y nor JIe.u.y crpY4J;ie ITOYI{e,

Cpe)l,HHM H npHcHHM .1l0LU1POM ca cBojHM cT3JIelliKHM opraeaaauajaxa, lJopeC({I1M BJI8CTilM3 M qHTabbeM crpyxae JH:lTepaType (KlhHra, In{cToBa, caonurren-a HTA.). Tlo3H8TO je na )KI1Ba peq 11MB scher yrauaja 011, nacaeue, Te 6M npao xopacao 6HJ;[O op-

raHH30BaFbe

OBO 611 HecYMfbHBO BijJIO 611 ce OHO

,If.8Jbe 0)1, BJlaCTH,

rrpH6JI1:l.lKilJIO

o6Se3lUH<e

BJIaCTl-Uv13 H rronpa06Be3Hl1K

nacrpaao
6H

re

ce

6u KOJIa6opaIJ,l1ja
aaxacsy
38M3, ce TO

SJIaCTM C

TMMe nocrarao naocrpyx» yen ex, jep 06Be3Hl1UHM3 MI:IOrO nonpuueaa npo-

CXB81'8Ebe

zta

6Y,lI.e urro

MaTepHjaJIHe HCl'Ml1e y onopeaasausy.

nOCBeUITH

urro sac H name nurepece ztapa. Ha osaj Haf.J.I1H npopenuhere .csoje HeBOJbe 6ap y OBOM IWrJleAY. Baa eo caa caysajene xoje caa ja JIlillHO 3ana3HO. AJIa EMa

MaJIO sanre rrasca,e H BpeMttHa Hero nYCTHTH AS ce ztohe ,lI,O onrcsopaocru, Jom JI8I{We H3BpmH: aKO ce Y3Me UGTCeTHHK H y I-beMY 6eJIemH CBe

H sap Iil-tje JIaKllle OBHM CBojHM oriase-

15
je,n::aH xapaxrepncraaaa
H3HOCHM.

cayxa]. 1935
jenuora
ronaae

360r

rser-oae

y 6pojy
TamllJ"
lbaB3Tfl"

CJIYiK6eHa
OlI.

naca, ll,OKJIe ron

YKHHY, Mopajy ce HaJCTpHKTHH.Je HCfIY~ npwMe)l.6y OBHM peQI1M8: fIOITlTOB3I-he ce MOlKe TpalKHTI1 carao sa YMeCHe, ,,3P esre " 331<oHe, a treaa 33KOHe aa Koje H CaM 3aKOHQ)J.aSBJJ. npnaaaje ,lla cy HeYMeCHM, ITa AX Cl'aJIHO Melba II. Flotiyheuo OBHM ype.lI.I:lHIIITB0 naure : .,MopaMO
ce

aa peuemnry

cao I1l11Te Fba' TprOBHHCKe

K?MOpe

MapTa

YQVIHHO csojy

He

aanaca

nouoce Aa Je.llaa
"eBH

BaJKllOCTH H isera y Beorpany

LDFLXOB lIM11

3aK~HH

OCT~JIrr npo-

Jf

)],8
IllTQ

ce

OCBpHeMO

ua OEY IlpuMe1J.6y
.ua ,..

aaurer

npezmor

LJ:HTaOo;a 33KOHHM3,

HaM je
OBaKa

crora

llQ3HaTO MI1CJle".

KOjR KDIUJ

Mopajy 6111'H cecrmsa, oe3 SaKOHH'fOCTH HeMa pe.aa H aanperxa, HeMa HPI OfIC'raHK3, aJII1 T14 aaxoua Mopajy 61'11'11 iipa.euioui U K.0PUCf-lU, a He lienp0MHillJbeHH. 11 HeYMecHH". To je CTaBOBHillTe xoje BPJIO MflorH aayauxajy no OBOMe IlRlT8Fby. Y OBOMe Cl'aHOBllllITY caCBBM je T34HO )l3 32KORI1 Mopajy 6HTH cseruu,a. Hero TaKO je T311HO ,lUi 38KOliH rpetia .ua cy npaBH4HH H KOPHCHH, a He aanpoaaunsern: 11 HeYMeCHH. AJlI.1 nuje
.UUl'i,ftO .8UtUUt

Xohexo

Megy

H811H1M
11.a ce

f'pa~aHMMa

HMa ,UOCT8 lliax

noxopaaawo

aa-

oa iilpe6a

ucuYMaBCtl71u

U 1COpUcrW.

Oan

cauo

ONe

satcone

1<:01l1.

cynpa·

c.JIYTe KaKO je ORO H .ue CJIYTe 11,3 OBI1M CBOjHM Y OCHOBH .ll.06pOHaMepHHM craeon 110.1lpxnajy TeMe&e Hallie npymraeae 3ajeJI.HHueJ iI.p)f{as·e. Ilfra ::ma4H o saj cras P Teruxo )J,a tie ce HaHH ztaa 40Be[{a ua CBeTY KOjH fie ce IlO'fnYHO CJlO)f{HTH Y TOMe urra je l1paBHQHO ·H ROp·HCHO. Illro je aa jenaora npatHfI1.HO,1I,pyrnMe 113rJle,n::3HenpaBHlJHO. llITO je aa jenuora KOPHCHO, npyroae ~3rJlena WTe.THO,
MHOfHX

HCn013eAajy HeUpOMMllIJbeHO, na
[{Ojll

aBO

CTaHOBHOJTe, 11 He SHIIle: onacao. 0 HH 11

MHorHX MYKa H HeBOJba. L{oBeK je YBe[( CKJ.[OH .ua nepyje zra je caao OHO rrpaBH4HO II KOPH.CHO urro OH CMHTpa aa OpaBH.GHO H KOPI1CHQ. Me'~ynfM, 11 ua aBO m:l.'TaIhe 611 ce MOrJIa npuMeHMTH OHa naponaa aspeaa: "l{OJIIH{O Jhy.n;l1, TOJHlKO hynH'-'. Flpa 'l'8KBOj cHTyaUHJa UITa 6H ce ,ll.OrO,lJ)1JIO Kana ·6w c~ YCBOjl':IJIO OHO CTatiOBH.il1~e. - zta rpahana rperia na acnyIb8BaJY caao OHe 38KQHe I<OJI1I cy rrpaB~p1lil1 11 KopaCHH? rJ1a)J,H~, rOJIH n 60C11 6M TIJba4K8JfI1, jep 011 CMaTpaJH1 na je H~npanasan onaj 3aKOH [{ojH 11M TO 3a6pal-hyje xan OHI'{ HeM8jy

Y OBOMe aecaarcu.y 0 cyxotia 11 6opon,

rrpaBH1.1HOMe

l{OpI1CHOMe

.ne}KH Y3POK

naJU1

UITa

lbHXOBa n.n:aT3. Tpronuu lrpaHl1yelbY BUCl1He lUtpHje

,lla WBepUYJY po6y HJIH 11,a Je Ha6aB,Jb8JY lI,HpeKTHO H.3 cpa6pH[{e na 6u ce o~:llo6onI-lJm "I-Iel1paBHllHe" uapaue J.i rporuapaae H !! He~paBl1gHe TprOB3 Y.Ke aapane, 4HH0l:3HI111,11 611 cvarpan» ,ll3 ·CMe]y Y3HMaTa Mwro, Jep 6H CM81'P(JJlH na je aenpaaaauo HHCI{a

11 iura na 06yKY· nY}f{HHUH. y HeSOJbI1 ue orr n.ranyroBe, jep 6I1 CMaTpaJlH .na je uerrpasuvau ouaj 3(.1 KOH J{OjH l103BOJh8Ba 11,a ce OHH Myqe rrnahajyha nyrose OHI-HdU I{OjH cy .llO?PO cwryllp8HH .. nOTpornalI~ 6H CM8TpaJIH 11,a rperia

na -jeny
csoje

611

as

TP8)f{HJIkl ,lI,a ce nonece JIOKaJIe. Kapauuje

3aKOH

6H

0 0Tpa2IHfJJI1

16
MeTO H 33 cranoae, Florpourava 611 rpa}KHaIH JlICTb M 33 pooy xojy xyrryjy y AyhaHI1Ma BTlI,. UTA·. [1 eRe 6H ce DBa 4HHI1JICJ H. rpaJRHJJO Y MMe npanauuor :H KopHGHQf.

naKille;.
Ul!jJ.(J; KOjH

je

xaoc, aaapxaja,

C{UM

l7pClBUflJ-W U 1l0PUCHO U CBH CJI01KHTH.na

clltaje xaoe, nepea. 6e3a1(Ofbf.

he ce

je.

Jep

aa

ce tlpelje na
ce
ilpeMa

uio iJLl ceatco uetut tuoue u, enaoa, «a-

He.Ma aaxoucxor
H KO,_pI1CT3H.

rrpOIJHCa aa

npaaasau

CBa1CUispottuc

uua Macy ueupujatue.lba,

OlH1X saKOHGKHX nponaca

ncanao cano
B.f:P-lHHH

rapajYHeilpaBU)iflUM

U UlUleulM,U:M. 117 F<3,lJ,a 61<1 ce CS·(tKO npaap-

iIi). osux

tcoju. za CMalI.3

Hauooiuue, cy npa-

KOPHCHll, HeMa
saro

y }IUIBOTY H pany.

peaa,

aa ~oje caarpa
aexa

BeMa

rroperica,

CHTypHOCTK

11

He CMe ce llOBBOJ,I'llTH na CBaKD

I1JIH ,Ma 11.

xoje

he

rro uaxohen.y
H
H

3.a!{OH(;

peTI{3,

xapa

JJ.pymTSY,

Y npiK3B8,

no CHOMe H3xOqel-bY neaora csora cranezca lliIH eCl:1awa ueaa nOllTOB3TI1 a kale Heile. Ko ron. )ReJIA pexa, noycnernaora pana H y npHB8THOM }I{MBOTY, H Y
- Mopa ce npanpacaaarn BJJaCTI1 lieS,3BWCI'W O,lI, rora
.lJ,8 JJ.H My

HJIH He. CaCSHM J1.pyro je narau,e norpeoa lliHxose H3~ MeHe BJIH ,UorrYHe. CB1:lKO I;IMa npHBO na 1'1 J1.Y}!{HOCT 11,21 esoje ea crpane yrcasyje H3 pl,aBe crpaae B3)f.(efiHX nponHca. Yene JTH y

nona.uajy

H nponaca

APXWBH'hlX

CBYlX 3aKOH3 ce

Haj.se1'w je Jielipu} atue» oeaxoza, UOZO/jlDBO iipllBpea «oza ceeiua. fll1'ralbe- n SK lbHXOBe H3MeH€' 11 J1,OnyHe rperia ITOJ{peT3TH nYTeM urraxne, C80jnx YJlpy}!{eFba 11 npercraaaarca y Csynurraua, YKa3yjyhH ua

Jep -

TOMe ,1la ce GARDeRH npOITI1Cll H3MeHe, ytOJH1KO 60,lbe. A.m!, ;l(OK ce He fl3MeHe, CBHI{U je. nY}1{8H zra HK y nOTnYHOCTkI nourryje.

asapxuj«

_.

6e3aUOI-be je

anapxuja

p'lJ8B€ crpaue

THX nponaea. CaMO raxo B-pIDHMO

rrpaBHJIRO

CBQjy

rpahaucxy
MUN.

.llYlKHOCT.
CaHeBHE..

COUI4JAJlflE
llpY'lllTseH!1M
ce

«JlOPMAUI1JE Y nOBAP LlAPlY

no aaau.y.
CKYTIHHe,

I. D.PYUlTseHe3aje',LlI·IHue
.sajeAHtl.ua~a ll,H.7ba, 6HJIO 38 H3BeCBO apexe Ii"lM l:J.n11 CT8JIHO. OBe ce npexa CBOjOj
YfJI8BHOM,

H83I1BiilMC:l Jby.uCI{e

xoje

CPopMHpajycnoHTaHo

HJIH CHeCHO paft,M nOCT143.8Bal-ba H3BeCHor

-rpajue: 6MJl0 rrepaC)]J14HO I1 Mory npHpO.D. IIOlleJIHTH,

liHue

ua

TpH

apcre: 3ajeJIHMUe no
(sacezsa) hl

no M.eC'fY CT8HOBal'ba

nopaua]e).

aajenanne

HpBI1

(nopo . II,Hue), sajeano 39aI-by (I{OP-

zrpyurrsesax aajezraaua no 3B8!:bY, YfJI8BHOM, paaaaxyjexo 'rpM npClie: CT8JIe}lUl, KJIaCe kI xopuopanu]e. . Ciuanescuua HaSHB3MQ OMe cOUHjaJIH\,; q,OpMEUHje, xoje nocrajy C 063HPOlVl ua aery CPYHKUYljy xojy spure nojeJU-IHIJ;fl Y
,llpytuTBY, oes

Kon

06SHpa

I{OMe

CBOjCTBY )leJIajy

(ceJbalJl{H

craaeac,

17
Tpr~B8gl{1iI CTaJIeJK,

BOjllHlIKH craaesc,
je)1.HHCTBO CBliX

CBeIllTeHH1.IKl1 CTaJIe)f{
Y APYIllTBY, Ii npanazraasa.

06]eKTBSIHI OCHOB CT8JIe.JKa je HeTH n03l1B

THBHVl CPYHl{QHoa3JIHO

MTJl.). a cytijex-

CTaJIeJKl1

.n:8HaillFbe

apexe

06H4HO cy ueopranaaoaaua

HaJI83e ce y JIa-

're~HTHoM CT3Pby.

KAacaMO H83HBaMO one couujazme ¢opMBuHje, xoje nocrajy HaI'CarrUTaJl II aa npHXO,Zl, KOjM )l.OHOeH xanaraa, 06UQHO ce paanuxyjy TpH .llPYlllTEieBe xaace: KanFiT8JIltCTMQK3 KJIaCa, Cpe,ILfba KJIaea Ii npo.nerapajar. 06je1{THBHH OCHOs x.aace je ldMOEHO crarse noje aauaua - H npaxo.aa J<OjH npOHCTJ1QY on HMOBMHe, a cy6jeKTHBBl1 y cynporaocra aarepeca nojeznsuax KJI8Ca, lIJTO ce najseurhe rrpereapa y l<JIaCHY 6op6y.
C 06&mpOM

Kopuooeuujaua Ha3HBaMO OlH~.l{pYillTSeHe <popMa[r~je, xo]e rrocrajy C 06Sl1POM na aero 3Bal-b KOjHM cc 6ase n ojena HUH, 6e3 063Hpa na I-:bI:lXOBO HMOBHO craise Ii no.noacaj KOjH 3aY3UMajy y npyurray. 06jeKTHBHH OCHon xopnopauaja je HCTO asarse (npoq,ecHja), a cy6jeKTHBHH y l1CTOBe'rHOCTl1 nurepeca CBHX nparra.rHHKa. Koprropauaje cy BPJIO 6.1JHCRe CTaJIe)fUlM8 11 OJl fbHX ce paannxyjy no TOMe UlTO cy opraaasosaue H IllTO [e ' 1(0)1, lhHX nOTe.HUHpaHa ztpyurrneaa aarerpauaja Ii )l.HcpepeHUlfjauHja.

llpYIlITeeHa
.nHHy (ecnarp) .
HCTor ssaa,a

HHTerpa[(Hja ((:JCTor sanara)

aacraje

ouna, xazia ce nojeztauna npaxynzsajy Y je)I.HY rpynuy ne-

.ilPYIDTBEH8 .2l,HCpepeHUHjaUldja nacraje oana, xana ce noje;l(HHIJ.H o.asajajy, C 003HPOM ua IbMXOBO asan.e BaCTeJIO nO.1leJIOM .n:PYlllTBeHor pa na (pa3HH 3aHaTH).

II. Kopnopau.uje.
rpauaje
jane mer

l(HcpepeHlJ,Hjauuje, jep cy O)I,rOBapaJIe norpeeaxa .n.pynrraa ,_ )I.a ce CBH OHH, xoja HMajy HCTO asarsc nOBeJKY nrro
tl

Kopnopanaje

cy

HaCTaJIe

KaO pe3YJIT'a'F ApYIllTBeHe

HHTe~

MarepHjaJII'IllM, MOpaJIHHM H KyJITypH~M sesaaa, .pa)l,I1 JIaKocraapersa a3je,H,HHQI<l{X Il,HJbeSa nO]e.l(HHHX sajennana, a yjenao H lJ;HJbeBa cawora JI.PYUITsa. . . KQ.lI. CTapHX fPK8 xopnopanaje HHCY 6HJIe n03HaTe, jep HRCY o,n:rOB8paJIe norperiaxa jeJIHHCI(~r MH,QI1BH.llY8JIHCTHQKOr nyxa. nOAyme H KO.D:Fpxa _ce cycpehe ]e?-aH 06.m1K ,QpYIllTBeHe

¢opM3UHje

nOA

HMeHOM philotes,

I{OBPCHO Y,Zl,PY)KUB3fbe

3JHI ocuos OBaKBOM y.n;PY}I{J4B8lbY 6HO le BIUIle_ Y npHj8TeJbCTBY, Hero y KOH<P0PMM3MY Ii ayTopHTeTy. noc:ror~me C,Y K~,.ll lbl1X ~ T.. B. 3 syssities T.j. jasue npHpe.1l0e Ha, KOJH~a ce Je 3aJeAHlP·IKH jeJIO Ii nHJIO 11 xoje TaKO TOIIJJO npenopysyje ~JIaTOH y CBOjHM 3aKOHHMa, aJIH CBe ose .n;PYUITBI::l;le cpopMaIJ,HJe Hiley llMaJle eneMe-HTe npOq>eCHOH8JIHflX y~py}Kelha, re JhMXOBO npoyuaean,e He cnazta BQlbHO HJIM npH~y.ll.HO,

oco6a,.

rne ce Je

nO.ll.pa3YMeB,8JIO

CBa-

y uaru
~q

3a)J,3Tak.

18

PHM
Kopnopauaje Hcropajcxa ce sesyjy aa HYMY (Numa Pornpilius 714-671 npe Xp.), ana je SpJIO sepoB3THO )1.a cy nocrojane jom MAoro panaje, y npeucrnPHjC({O )1.06a PHMa, a )l.a HX je Hyxa cawo KJIacHq:H1I..l)1paO y neBeT spcra. CHrYPHO ce 3Ha .l1.a cy nocrojane p2HHje O}.L Satcona XII Ta/inuua (Lex XII Tabularum), aml HIlCY 6HJIe raxo MHOrotipoj He xao ztouaaje. Y ro ztotia nocrojano je caao HeKOJII1KO npocpeCHOHalJII;IHX xopnopauaja, H3BecaH 6poj sodalitates H HeKOnDCTaMaK " paSBMT3K cy JlaT1'lHCKOr nopexaa.

I
1

oa

JIHKO pane MaHo,r

KOJJefHje HaCTaB3

peanruosaor
H nJIe6ejcKor

r< KYJIT8

ReCTaJIYX

xapairrepa
06HlIHO OBO aJU1 non

crnopeae JI.3 6H OCHTYgentes-a I), 3aTHM Y.l1.PY)Kel-ba J(y~ HanOCJ1eTKY Y npyscea.a 33 upapehasarse
I10peKJla").
Ii

xaparcrepa,

3a6aS2,

3aKOH

uorsphyje
I.J.Hja,

craa,e,

Jl03BOJb3Ba

YCJIOBOM

na

liciis saripau.yje OCHI1Ballie H3BeCHHX BpCTa Y.lI.PY)f{eJba, H aarroCilIeTKY Llesap yKHJ(a CBa YJJ,py*el'ba ca 113yseTKoM aajcrapajax
~pocpeo10HaJIHHX
JOW H3

a nocae cnyvaja ca Karl111l1HOM, BJIaCT rro-nuse .lI.a raezra C nenonepeu.ea aa CBa Y'u'PY)l{efb3, na 11aa rrpodiecaouanue KOpnopatnrje. Hacroja ce na ce ysene Y )KRBOl' rrpuanan : satipafbeHO je ydPY:JJCll8arbe 6es 003BOAe 8AaciUu. Me~yniM SaKOR Clodia de collegiis nOH080 apaha nOT0-YHY caotiozry y.uPY}KHnan-a, a TpH rOAl1He K3cHHje jenau HOEM 3aKoH Licinia de soda-

nporaey nocrojeher nopertca cran-e y nOrJIeAY xopnopanaja

paaaje,

Y Jl.pmaBH3). OS8KBO je JIH6epaJIHO rpajaao CBe .lI.O Llesapa. HeIIITO

,U,3Jbe OCHUBalbe xoprropal-bHXOBI1 CTaTYTH H pan He 6yJ1.Y

OJJ. XII

Ta6JIHI.J;a

Y nOqeTKY puscctce usaiepuje npotpecaouanaaa

xopnopauaja, speaeaa xpan.esa.

xo]e cy BO)l:I1Jle csoje

ocausau.e

nOpeIGlIO
ce no-

xopnopannja
H .n;3Jhe

HOBO

craa.e

ce

,Il.03BOJb3Ba 6e3 HK8KBEX CMeT1ba MJII1 orpannsen,a. OBaKBO rpaje CBe AO 3aKOHa Julia de collegiis. aa OeBOBY xora

CT3pHM !tOI{

sopnopanajaaa
Mor.ry:a

zroanozsaea

. pan,

ce OCHHS81-be CBHX ztpyrnx

lt03BOJH1

Y.llPY}KeFb8

nOlI,Bpr8B3

cneTOM

aKO je OBO ynpycxen,e 6HJIO rrpH3HaTO xao orunre KO,ilOl1,HHje cy LJHFbfHH H3Y3eTll.H, fdapOLJHTO sa aaane ABrYCT3 H CerrTHM3 Cesepa, H TO najxenrhe aa collegia tenniorurn, TaKO ,na cyce nojasana MHoro6pojH8 y.n.PY)Kelba ca pa3HM:M UHpHeHO. JbeBHMa, 6H,}fa

eaysajy,

uujanaoj

ceaara,

xoja je

yCJIeJI.I'iTH

caxo Y

Moil npzcase H ayropxrer nearpanae BJlaCTH 38 nocaenu.ax BeKOB3 pl1MCKe HMnepHje, 6poj rrpotpecaouaaaax y.npY2Kel-ba aeaePOB8THO je paCT30 Y MerpOnOJJH H y npoBHHUl1jH H HaCTaJIa je 6H.7Ia uexe BpCTe ),eoH.neMHja'l y.zrpymHB3l;ba. Y,nPY)f(HBaJU1 cy ce
3·aHaTJIl1je1 QMHOBHHl1,l1, BOjHI111,I1, paJl.HI1UM,
rrpMna,lI.HHIl,H

roaepapaaa

xoja

Hl1G:y
ozr

MM3JIa
crpane

JJeraJIHO BJI8CTI1.

onodperse
YKOJlHfW je

aa pall,
BI11I1e

cy CJIa6HJI3
aJIH

HCTor

I) Mommsen (Th.) De colleglls e sodaliciis Romauorutn, Klllac 1843. '2) Mornmsen ~Th,) Jurtsttsche Schrlften, f\loh. 4, Berlin 1905-1907. 3) Hugo GoU, Collegia e sodahtates, Bologna, l!H3.

19
')({YJIT3,

OCJI060~eHI1 p060Blf .nperpeeao HaJItl HN f4 Hrepeca,

M.T.ll. CBe y narsy

saumrre
H

csojax

OB3K60
'a3KOHH,_ KOjH

cran-e

npeHOCH CBe
It{

ce

li

Y Buaaluuttjy. CTapH crpora

ocotia ,naJbe ocrajy
H3

'Haj6oJDe csenoxe Iiuzecti;« ,llaKJIe lKHBOTH8 norperia

CJIOBa

-cHary~ aJIH ce y.l1,PY2Kefu8

perymnny

YP;PY1KHB31be

'opranaaauaje, Hero nOQHlhY zta sa pasne cepnnce'').

aaxoua.

BJI3CTM

He caMO urro
I1X

H osne ce nOK8SYJe jana YBJIaqe Ii Y

I1JIeraJIHQ MHO}Ke. 0 TOMe pa3HR KOPUYCU as BHsaHTMjcKe enoxe.

aaure

roaepnpajy

one

o.a MpTBor
l1J1eraJIHe

.rr.P1K8BHH

arrapar

XpMmhaHCK8 U;Pl{B3, C 063HPOM zra cy uaxce xzraee 'CHfHHJIe rpo OBI1X YAPY>KeJ:b8, nOMa2Ke 1:'bHXOB pa3BHTaK, re ce pasue reopnopaunje ITOLIHlhY HeBepOB8THO MHO>KHTH. Je):l3H f3aKOH aa 'BpeMe .TIaRa VI nOHOBO A03BOJbaSa CJI060)l,RO Y.1lPY}KI1B3lhe ocotia • Xpmnbancrca upxsa raxohe R3.ll,aje paaae cTaTYTe 3a opraaaaanajy npodiecaonaanax xopnopaun]a Y xpatnhaucxca .ll:yxy5). 'OBaKBo cran-e je 6HJlO M Y BH3aBTBjcKHM npoaamrajaaa rra Ii. ,JIYOCTpBO.

y Iloeapo apjy v:

C:Be

AO

,1l0JlaCl{a

Cnoacua

aa

oaJ.{KaHCKO

no-

npaB~H KapaKTep Kopnopa~MJa y PHMy H Y BH3aHTHjH

Y PI1MY, collegium
'HajMafue
yrJIaBHOM l103BOJbaBaO rpa1I,OB8,

je oaTH OIl Tpl1 l.JJ!(lHa xoja cy ce ~BaJlH corporati.

I1Jm:

corpus

xopao

scribae, sopnopauaje tJUHOBHHKa 1f:l 4) fsbripictores, riavicularii, xopnopauaje aaaarnaja. Csa OBa YAPY2Kelba l1MaJI8 cy CBOj
rO.l1.HUII-he cxynnrruue, 6Jl8rajHY H ,'n;r1CJ~l1:nJII1HCI{Or xapaxrepas). Dpo6.lIeM upaenoz nuua uaje ~HpeKTHo nOCTaBJbeH 11 pe'urauaa HM reopajcxa !HI npaKTH1.JRo. Kxacasuo pW.MCKO npaao -cna J1.o6pa xoja NeMajy CPM3MQKOr conCTBeHI1}{a Ha3HB3 onurnia aspaaon universitas, upanajajyhn 11M jenaor' cpHKT'MBHOr COl1-crnenatca corpus-a. Hajcrapaja universitas 6uJIa je l:tMOBHHa J(p}KaBHe 6JlarajHe (aerarurn populi), 'lBjH je conCTBeHMK oWJIa, a y

xopnopanaje

2) collegia,

LIeTMpH BpCTe xopnopauaja: xopnopauaje CBeIlITeHI1Ka,

CaCTa.BJbeH 3al{OH je 1) civitates,

3)

caoje craryre

ynp8BHH o.l1.60P,

rrpercenuaxa,

KOjl1

cy uajueurhe

6HJIH

H:e.lloCTaTKY nojaa

npaauor

J;mua , caxa

.npmas3,

I-ra OCHQBY csora

--cYBepeHHT3 . .uP)f{aBY cy nn4eJIH Y QBOMe noraeay ,II.a HMl1THpajy KOJlOfmje, rpanosa VI OnIIlTHHe. CaM a opraaaaanaja nojeAHHI1X npo-cpeCMOHaJIHHX xopnopauaja 6una je y MaorOMe CJIM.Gaa cpraua3aIJ.Hjl1 rpanoaa. Y noraeny oprauasaua]e .n,PYlIlTBeHe l1MOBHHe xopnopauaje cy ce TaKo~e yraenane ua rpancse. ¥l xopuopanaje ',cy MOrJle.n.a HMajy csoje 6.7IarajHe, ,!(3KJIe JJ,a nocezryjy 113S€CH.Y 4)Cuqu (Ed) Les lnstttttuttons juridiqus des Remalns, vol 2. 5) Goehrtng (H.) Das Zumilwesen Konstantinopoles in X Jahrkundert. 6) Merntnsen (Tl1. Jurlstischen Serif ten, Ktb. 4, Berlin 1905-1907,
2*

20
HMOBHHY

(habere arcam).

OB(~-6JIarajHe

rrpaso narpouara, npaso pacnoaaran,a, tactic testarnenti HTJl•. Ilpeaa TOMe jus arcarn habendi, y He)J.OCTaTKY ):(HpeKTfle npasne $opMe, nocraje CI1HOHMM ITOjMY npaanor anna, 3a speae HMne~ paje OBO ITHT3lhe )1.0HeKJIe pemasa jus coeundi. Pa3MH universitates" H3 jasae cJIY2K6e 611JTH ey aJI,MHHHHHcTHpaHH on crpaae npacasHI?X liln HOBHMKa, csemreaaxa HJUf H a pos HTNX CPY Hl{UHOI-I epa. ynOtIeTKY

noraeny

HMOBHHe na J1.06Hjajy

cy ncuene y. CBa CBOjCTB3 q:n13H"IKHX JlHI.I.a~ r.j

nOCTeneHO

e,

p060BM

Ilocreneno
JIIH.\HM8

ce osaj CI1HAl1l{ noraeny npaaaruor npasa npa6mnKyje uojxy taytuopa 11 )lo6l1ja iseroee <PYHKlJ,Hje y norneny rapauna]a, noaarau.e pasyna, aacrynarse npen CY,lI.OM Ii rpehaa,
I1T.lI..

(servus

azr.MHHliCl'daTHBHY

actor),

CJIYJK6y 1l0UHHje

xopnopauaja

06aBJh8JIH

HapoLIHT8

ynpasa

syndicus.

cy'

,1lol~HHje y BU38HTFljU, Y F{QJIMKQce je MOll,I1<pHll._lIpao nojax csojaae, npaao pacnonararsa HT,l(. OBe MOll.Hq,HKRUl1je· Ol(HOCe H ua xopnopauaje,

Flojaxr

¢oH.n;au;I:lja

raxohe

uaje

6uo

rr03HaT

PHMJbaRI1M8

H..

DpeMa TOMe }f KO.l1. xopnopauaja HHCY MorJIH na, ce ocmrsajy pa3KI1 CPOH.D;OBH,xao Il1TO je caysa] ea xopnopaua[axa y cpeaa.ea aexy. Y J{OJIHI<O cy nocrojana 33BeHI'P3lha, OHa.,
Bm~aHTHjuHMa.

cy

rperapaaa

xao

.aaponau,a

ca

H3BeCHHM

orrrepehersea.

CO~MjanHH

auasa]

KopnopaUMja

KOA PHM·Ib8Ha

H BH3aHTMHau,a

Y npcacropajcxo ,n:06a PnM8 rrps.061rTHe couajaaue H no-. JIHTJ1lU{e CPOpM8l1.Hje 611JIH cy gentes. GBH cy reareca 6HJIH nOTryao He3aBHCHa I10JlHTH4Ka TeJIa, C8 CBOjl1M 33Ce6HI1M IlJIeMeHCKMM· ype~eB;eM. BpeMeHOM uexa 0)1. OBHX nJIeMeH3 crynajy Y nexy BpCTy cpe,llepau,l1je ca ,lI.pyrHM rlJIeMeHlIMa acror KYJITa H na TaL lfaqHH nocraje jeztaa HOBa nOJIl1n1l-IK3 ¢opMaUHja non HMeHOM civitates. Csa n.neME'Ha xoja q~fHe rpeziepanajy 6Hpajy aajeanasxor metpa, sa apeue para HMajy 3ajeJJ.HHlIKY BOjCKY M BpXOBHor KOM'aH,lI.8HTa,

ana sa csoje yuyrpaunee crnapu CB3KO I11leMe M aa,n:aJDe ocraje nOTnYHo aYTOHOMHO. CaM jus civitates je 36Hp. rrpasa nojenanax naexena: jus suffragii, jus honorurn, jus rnilitiae, jus sacrorum, jus auspiciorum, jus sacerdotii, jus dorninlum.. jus conubium, jus cornmerciurn UT11. Jus civitatis M.orao ce je KOPHCTHTH npexo gentes-a. OOlIlTO cy PHMCKY )lpmaBY ¢OpMHpaJIa, fIJIeMeH8 TO 11 nOJIHTM4KYJ cOUMjaJIHY Ii €:KOH.OMCl<Y yncry arpajy HCKJbYQl1BO ITJIeMeHa, xao KOJUIKTHBI1TeTl!l, 8 He nojeaauua, CaB. npBo6HTHI!J populus rornanus npanaaao je OBI>IM n.rreMeHHMa ..
.llou,HHje

rpanoae

nyaauaje, .JIaTllHCI{Or nopexaa, aJIH BaH pnMCKl'IX reareca, rrpeaa TOMe 6es rpahaucxa H. rrOJIHTI14Xa npasa n03HaT rrozt
HOM

K8,ua ce BJIaCT pHMCKe .apacaae npotnapyje 11 npOBliIHIJ.Hje, nojaan.yje ce jenaa AOEI1

11sa OKOJIHe
eJleMeH3T no-. na.

plebs-a. Y

Ae.I{OCTaTKY

oprauasosaae
Ii ce no.a

.n.J.l)l{ase xoja

MMe6H OBO],
CHpOrrojeTe Hal

nonyaauaja
MallIHHjH,
.ll.HHHM

npY2f<HJIa CHrypHOCT CJIa6HjH: H BeO,ll,JlyqHHjH

H CTaBJb3TH

HMOBHY 6e36e)l.HOCT, rrOtcleilIH cy npHJl33H'fH

lbHXQBY 33IUTHTY,

reHTeCHM3

21 'l'aj Ha1..J'HHY
rU:Hje llQ3HaT

. si clienti fraudem Iecerit, sacer esto. Me~yn.fM YKOJIHlXO aarne pacre MOB PHM3, Y tbeMY ce 6pOjHO crajse nJIe6ca uenpecrano -noaehasa, llOJI33e pa3HI1 TprOBUH H aanarvraje 113 Y.1l3JheHaX rrpoBHHUHja, CKH ,JIHTl1lJKH pasaax

HMeHOM tcnujenuu: (OJ{ cluere: 6HTH noxopau HeKOMe). I1srJIe)1:3 JI,a je y nJ!)BHM apeMeHHMa noaoaca] KJIHjeHaTa f6»0 BpJlO nOBOJb3f;! re IbHXOB 6poj H3rJlO pacre. CaM 3aKOH O,l1, XII Ta6JH1u,a YBO,I1.H spno TOJIepaHTHO crau.e aa l<JIl1jeHTe: Patronus,
nOA

PH-MY

ce

craapa

[om

jezrau

HOBH

06JUtK

nonyna-

najanexara
VI f'le}KeJbHH

ap'JIO jafCH

MohJ;lHM apuctoaparexna

na

Ii KYJlTOB3, MHorH
nOCTaHY I{OJIerHje

on fbHX
OHH no

eKOHOMrroyrJIe,ny

KJII1jelf1'M

nojeJI,HHHM

nOpO,LJ)II1.3M3,

JRa rpanoae 11 aa peJIHn103He _y.u:PY)1{efba, Y noverxy pa,I1.H

IHITepeC3,

sanrvnre

craapaiy npocpeCHOHaJIHH CBOj.HX rrpocpenlOH3JIHl1X

a
IllT0

jep 1{30

,ZlOUHHje P31U1 6op6e aa ,l106l1jaIhe nOJUlTlflIKHX npasa, CMO HarJIaCH,JlI1 nOJII1TI1'-IKa npaaa HWCy ce M,OrJla

JIHt;IHO Y)fU:IBBTH

y PHMY 6HJHf jell,HHO reHTeCH. nOIJ,HHje -Tlmy Motme apncroxpaua]e OKYITJbPHe

ce cJ1Y)J{e
opoweCWOR~lJlHHM

nero

npexo

I{OJIeKTHBI1TeTa OKO

KojH

KpaJbeBH

reareca,

cy Y TO ,lI,06a y 6op6H rrpon041:ubY na

":6@3 nOJLHTHlH<a 11 rpatjancxa npasa. OBa~BO craa.e pe,<):>opMe uesaae sa H,Me Sertvus-Tulius-a l:cojOM ce
'HOBHa

xopnopanajaaa xoje cy )J:OTJIe HM8JIe eKOHOMCKH xapaxrep. np11Bpe,llHHlJ,H rrpexo CBOjHX ll{OpnOpaIJ,l1ja nOMa)l{Y 6op6y xparseaa H aacroje ,lJ,a 11 OHH ,no6ajy 113Be:CH8 nOJH1THtII<a npasa. Heica o,n, npvlBpe)1,HI1K8 nOTITOMbrHyTH O,U KpaJ;beBa craapajy spno BeJll1K3 6oracTsa, 8JUl YBeK
HCKJbY4HBO

rpaje

CBe )(0

y xoje yxase Ii MHOfH npaepennsua, eKOHOMCKM jaKH 8J1H TIJIe6ejcKor nOpeKJI8. -YKOJUfKO BRUIe cJIa6w Mati reureca a npHHU,Hn KOJIeKTHBiiTeTa no KpBM YTOJIH'HO pacre nOJ'In1'HQKH 3Hat.Iaj nnerica 11 caspeaa _I1)(eja sa lberOs,o 3KTMBHO Y4eC'TBOB8lhe y nOJlHTH4J{OM }j{~BOTy :PHM3. HanOCJIeTKY Y ,lleo.eHBMpn:iaJ1HOM 3aKOHO,lJ,aSGTBY npaanaje -ce H JIeraJIHO je.nH3KOC1' populus rornunus-a Ii, plebs-a. Y 6op6R -aa nOJII1TnQJ{r3 npasa HH)f\aX CT3J1ea{'8, Koja rpaje xpoa ueJIY HCTOPHjy PI1Ma npocPecHOH3JIHe rcopnopaunje YlJeCTByjy aKTHBHO, ca
PHMCI{Or CTaHOBHnlllTB3 RJIaCf' l)3Mlll@ J.1JII1

no.aeaa

H3BOJJ.H IlO-

M(]l'be cpehe, ysex

11 pecpopMijCTHQKO

aa

CTp-aHH

MOKpaTCl<O

HaqeJIQ,

-crynax
KaRaB

npeva xopnopanajaaa O,ZI. crpane BJl3CTH, rrpeaa TOMe je 6110 nOJIl1nrQI<I1 xypc 1'1 xoja je CTpaHK8 6HJla aa sna'~TH: KOH3epBaTl1BHa I1JlH pe<p'OPMHcTHLIKa. naKJIe, npo¢eCHOH8JIHe ~opnOpalJ;t-lje y PHMY, nopen npodiecaoaaaae H eKOHOMCKe arpajy ,11 spao SHalla-jay nOJIHTH4KY yaory, xoja ..u:06Hja jour SHatIajRYIja

OTY)la

nnerica, sacrynajylra

ne-

PI paSJIHQHTI1

no-

H3p83

J(OLl,HHje

BH3aHTnjrL

sexa y BH3aHtHjH, npouec aanoxer jour y npeHCTOPHjCKO ,lI,06~ Pl1M3 llo6l1ja KOHKpeTHY q,OPMY: lJ,eJIOKynHo 'rpancxo CTaltO'BHI1111TBO, ca lt3Y3eTI<OM ima plebs-a 1I.eJIH ce y "ipa3He xepnopannje M xoaerajyve ca HapOQI1THM 3a.u.aTKOM (munus) H HapOqHT(!)'M CPYHI<UHjOM (iunctio) y nOJIHTHqKOM H 3}l,MR{HHCTpaTHBH0M )RHBOTY npzcane, Haxana pauaje HJIH xacaaje TOTOK

lV

22
xopnopauaje y ,[(8H8IIUbOj
OBOMe

BpeMeHY. PaHa]Ff civitates TOKO~ pHtvlCKe HCTOpl1je 6HO ce je npeTBopHo Y MOTIHY H KMrrepHa~HCTHqKy APMaBY, 8 DBa APlK3B3 TOl(OM BH3aHTHjcK€ acropaje nouau,e ,n:a ce pacnazta na aopnopauaje no rpazrcaaaa U aa q,ey,u.8JIH8 B.naCTeJlHHCTB3 (villa) no CeJIliMa. 11 jeaua Ii .u.pyra O.ll, OBl1X COUl1jaJIHl1X q>opMaUl1ja,
TOKOM H

arpane auasajaajy YJIory, ca Hr3J1HjH, KaO urro je 6110 cnyuaj

HHCY

I-f3Y3eTKoM

MO)KLJ;8J.

C8 BH38HTI1jOM

Y'

cpemsera sexa, arpahe

3e~JbaMa

BPJIO 3HaQajHY }RHBOry Mopa na

yaory y

nOJIHTHq-

KOM, cOUHjaJIHOM

H erWHOMCI{OM

He caao
H

OCTaJIHM

Cpe]103eMHOr

y uenoj Eaponu ..

BH3aHTHje

Hero-

I-1acTaBI1}i!e ce -

Dr. Bopacaa APCH1i

OXPl1ll I<AO KlbMlKEBHO }l{APHWTE Crojan ,IunnTe

HOBaKoBHi1

CBOjOj KlhH3H rou,

"OpBH OeHOBl! CJIOBeHCKe·

je J1.8 je

KtbHJKeBHOCTH"

JQW
Kpaje~

1893

yTBp,u110

To je (hwo
Crojaa
6HX

rzre je yzrapen

TeMeJb ueaoxynue CJlOBeHCKe KJ-bl12KeBUOCTI1... lX sexa, sa cseror KJIHMeHTa M I"herOBHX:

OXPH.n 6110

cpe-.

CnO){BJdIKHHI{a

11 Y4eHHKa. HOBaKoBMH

xaore

CTBapl1

CBeTa 6paha nHpHJIO FI MeTO,ll,Hje HHCY MOrJlH I{al{O ceTO Kame: "c nefia na y petipa" - npeso aoh CTBOPHTI1 a36YKY' 11, l11TO je JOIII QY.LJ.HOB8Tl1je, jenaa OlI. uajcaapureanjux IHbHlKes.

oraurao

11 MaJIO )I;aJbe on

isera.

uaje

nopexao,

crora

ja,

jesaxa norvreny _.
HMX

]1:

y rpaMaTI14KoM,

T.3B.

cTapo('JIOBeHCKH

MHCJIPI, HS. jenuor caposor an]e HMIIITa II HCaJlO. YCJJe.u HeMoryftHOCTH OBara, Mopa ce rrpernOCT8BHT11, II He caao npeTTIOCTaBHTM, Hero 11 ca 113BeCHOM Cl1-· rypnomhy TBp.ul1TM, a aa OCH0BY cseaosancrsa uepsopacua Xpaopa 113 X B., ,u.a je nyro zro Tiapnaa M MeTO)lHja nocrojaaa KO,u. JY)l{CTapH M3BOPH rspzre JJ,a cy ce MHorH CJWBeHJ'.{ CJIYJJ<MJIH He CBOM je3HKY rfJtJKOM a36YKOM. 11 nopen ftI1PHJlHUe· Ii rnaroauue, on rx 110 X1X B. MHOfH CJIOBeHI1 H3 Jyry CJlY}f{HJIltJ, cy ce rpllKOM a36YKOM.. Ja HM3M Y pYK8Ma jezran TaIHIB JI,OKYMeHaT jasay ncnpaay - 113 70'MX ronana npOIlIJIOra Be1<3: 6ap, H npyrn
HHX CJIOBeHa nHCMeaOCT

je311I{' 11 TO, K81{O ce 0611tIHO HapOJl60r roaopa, na KOMe ce .uOTJIe

CTMJfCKOM,

T1

.neI<CMqf{OM~

ua

CJIOBeHCKOM

je311I{Y.

He caxo

Xpa-.

nacaua

TpQKOM JY)KWH

336Yf{OM CJI-OBeHH,

ua

QXPH,l(Cf{OM }J.HjaJIeI{TY. KOjH

CBJi

Type, BPJIO qeCTO cy ce CJlY)J<;l1JIM.rpq.KOM a36YKOM. AJlFf xao zra, je TO 6110 RajqeIlIfiM cJlygaj y OXPHllY H Y OHHM 06J13CTaMa KOjH cy My rpSBHTHpaJIH; J(3H3IIlfua Jyroaanazma Maheaoaaja, JY)KHa. AJI6aHMja If Enap (HeJ<3)J,aIIIlbe o6JIacTlI:l KOToKMja, ,UeBOJI, FaaBeHHu,8, llpeMBl1ua, BeJIHq«a enapxaja OKO.7JHH3 Kaseaa), CaMO, ce TOM KlbH)J(eBHOM pa1l.IhOM y OXPHJ(Y Y IX B. MOiKe otijacaara
Ii Ta qm:be.HIH.J;a

CTBa

craanor

.n;O)l,Hpa,

6HJIH

non

cy,

YCJ1e)J,

HenOCpe.EI.HOr
rpcxe

6e.THlIHtM Y1'l1uajeM

cycen-.
KYJI-·

UlTO

cy CBeTH KJlHMeHT II HaYM

OTHIlIJfH

6aWl

TaMO

Ii TaMO

H8lliJH1

nOE!OJbHO

TJIe 38

,lJ.aJbH Morao

IffuM)l{eSHH

pan

1-13

CJ10BeaCJ{OM je.3HKY

najnpe
H.HKO

rJIarOJ1I1UO~,

nag
,lI,O caM POq-HTQ

hnpHJrHUY
KJIllMeHT,

.n:PYFH Hwje rp-mor

a nOCJIe

H iU1pI!IJlHn~M.
ynorperiy KO.H.. je H3TBP)1,OM

Aa y.n:eCH (YCTROJU)
l1MpHJUID,a 11

oxpuncxax

M3TepMja.7lY. Ha TO usc ynyhyje H npsa xpOaOJlOIDKH cnOM:eHI1.K 113 993 roaaue _- - CaMYHJfOB enI1:raq, aa
rOBHX pOAHTeJha, mape TaKO, nOUHHje

CJlOBeH8 6HJl3 noneeaa

HTO HCl(OpFlCT~BmH
yCT3BHOr ea HaTITMCe

If.OT8A3I11I-bY

nllcMa.

1:18: KaMeHY

,apyroM

ftWPHJIHt.IlU:I rpo6y l-be-

seh
)lOI{

VI

.naJbe o,n: Oxpa.aa,

naje
Ii KO j M 11 caeBMM

je
UTa

lmpuJ1Hua

Y3eJI3

pasxepe,

BajsaJl.

HCTHcHyJIa

rOJIHIJ.y.

VI

y OxpMJzyce

jaBJbajy
M Hy nrype,

paasnjajy
M8JIO

rrpsn
.llOlJ,Hld

no-ieua
je
xao
0.)1,

C,7IOBeHCKe .flyq"

l{f-bH me'BHOCTH

pacanajy ce H no .npyrl4M CJIOBeHCFOiM seMmaMa, H iI,8Jbe ua ceaep 11 HCTo'K, re cy 6HJIH rJI.aBEHOYll.HJJ8U

Ii 6JIH}l{;e

jezme

uajsehax, CJIaBHHjax
OXPHJ1. OCTaJI3
spaa,

HajjalJHX H HajMJIa~MXJbYJlCKHX

Ha apajy X e. Oxpnn

nocraje
napesa -

[e

jyrOCJIOSeHCI{H'X

Morae C3MO

BeRCBOM jesaay je MHoro6pojHa

OJ!.

nOTeHIlJJp3KlbfDKeBHY pann.y aa CJ!O~ .. HenOCpe,lI.HHX nonaraxa o TOMe HeMaMo, ana JIl:ITepaTypa, HapOlJMTO anoxpnrpaa, xoja 'HaM je
.1leoa,

nc

paca - enOBeHa. npecronaua je,n,nor 0)1. aajCaMYHJIa. 3a iseroao BpeMe

rora
HaA

aarco je QHa ysel<

Kl;bMJKeBHB

8HOHI1MH3,

6es

MeCTa

HB .D:8TYM3

Y XI
aJlI1

je

nJ'lC3M<l.

B.. nOJU:lTM'lJKa caMOCT3J1HOCT

Apxnenacxortaje,
6pOjHH 'T.3B.

asrxena

xaerracxona
nOfJI8BBPM,

.n.aJbe H2CTaBJbetl.3, mTO 113M csenoue MHOrocpezra.eriyrapcaa nJ1CaH1if CflOMeHI<lUH. Flpnxep apTeO¢HJ1aKTa (1084-.1 108. r.) ITOK8ayje .aa cy upxaeua
M UOpeKJIOM,

.n.s je

OXpa;[(3 .neJJ3THOCT,

nperprtena
n~.II.

je

OKpHJbeM

H3lW

npexa

TIMM3 y XIV aexy,

Mesa.

KyJJtypHO~IHbH}KeB~HX TellUbH caoje y lheHOM zryxy. Jom [eztay je CBeTJIY nepaony

cpellJfHll

11He

caao

Aa HHCY

I'pua, noneiuasaaa

csoje

npiH3lbe

MIUJIH npOTUS CJlOBeHCRl1X nscrae, Beft cy H OIHt pa}lHJJH WM80

cso] pazt, t:J3K HH qeHHX ApHaYTa f1CTH'CHY:J1H

AJ;m:

unax,

KH5H>KeBHOCT' OHl1X A3

y OXPH.uy HHje HflKB.n. npeKHJl.3JIa Y noea HajJbY!iflX nporoaa 0)1. crpane nOTypHCTMX[{ojn
Ii HB

HSfJIe.n.8 .aa cy

)]'OIlHH:je

Oxpnn no.a HeMaJhH~ aacryruraa Tellia spesexa

cy on Xlll no XVIII
H3

Ernrpa
XIX

cse

CJlOBe'HCKO

CT-aHOBHHlIITBO

Jyacae

H nOtteJIH

HaBaJPyjy

B .. ca

non

aeh

OXPH,n;.

Ty

AJl6aHHje

l'l

MX

je

38'Tel<80

npOMel-heHUM nOJIHTHQKHM npHJIHI<3M8. OB3KBHM OKOJIHOCTHMB, OJ!. XIV )LO XIX B., OXPH~3HH
ce

HUCy MOrJIHll3

couajaane

cy

BeOM3

YBeJIHKQ aSHHMajy KIbHfOM: H eKOHOMCKe, Ii npHJIllKe, a »aposaro nOJIHTfP-lKe t1 1:Ial(MOH3J1He thlJIe HenOBQJhHe. Ami 33TO, aKO ce aHey MQrJIH 6aBHTH UHYCMeHOM

caHUM
J1;3 ce

HfbUlKesHornny.,

6aBe

liMje Morao Cl\i1eT3TH HH K-fhH>KeSHoillhy, M ry cy 01(pH~aHH

HMI{O liM HcpaHTBsHje:

6p!3RHl'H BalliJIU

joni mape noa.e aa paJl y~a KfuHra 6l1JH1 cKyqeHI;t H cyenrue

;:I;y60KHM

,n.OK cy Y nW:C3FbY BepCIU:lM xaparerepo»,

24
aCXeTC((aM

.u.YXOM HaIDe crape Kl-bI1}1{eBHOCTH, osne, Y YCMeHoj MMa.rm: cy caapuieao CJI060.lI.HO nozse pana, no $pMBOJIHOCTH CJI060JlHO, 6ea HKaE<:Be If ceaxe 0)1, u.e.H3ype. Y npa-iarsy npuna, y neaarsy rrecaaa, y crsapan-y 6ajKH. 11 azieaJIH30BafbY csoje rrp01IlJIOCTH OxpH~aHfI cy )\10I'JII1 I1CnOJbaBaTI1 CBY CBOjy 60raTY Mamty H )J{I1BOCT ,ll.yxa, 11 aauac cy OxpH~aHH n03HaTH xao BeCeJIH H 6e36p}DRRH JhY.ll.VI, ;UOK PeceHUH, Dl1TOJbU,I1 Ii npyru lillY H3 neQaJI6y H I1lpaKfuH}l{eBHOCTH,

hajy ce ca npUJIHllliOM
~HHI1 }fCHB'e sereno

YWTeijeBHHoM,

PI 6e36pI-DKHO,

OBOM

noraeny

CKH'f'e

6ehapH",

y reojoj

xapaxrepacmsaa
OXPHi)8liH

Oxpahasn 11 y ryre ce apahajy npaaue xece. je napo.mra necaa IIO](PHA~

norvie

CaMI1

ee6e

acaejaaajy:

Oxpaacxare

6el1;:pH Ha Qy>KI,IHH8 ojnoja, Ha QYiKlJI1Ha ojnoja I1aprf na '(iIelJeJbaj a r; Kora nasaa l'UI,aja no cenara nuraja; CO CTO rpeuro] ojnoja, co eTO napa so' no]a .. ,
J

Crsapaa.y
.nauie BHHO, KJIHMa:

OB8RBor ua CROPO

npcaehe,
aaua,
TaKO BOJIHY

perua

xapascepa 700 M.

OXPM~8HMHa H8.D.MOpCf(e

nOMQrJIa

je

aaj-

BHel1He -

B€Yll.TO

parcaja, jeryn.a.
U3.D.aI1lH8

npapozura JIenOTa; aarau, H3BPCHO OXPH.1lCKO jeLI)-IHC1'BeHa no YKycYPH6a: zreruaua, I<OpyH, 6eJIYOfIlIITe, rrpnpona je rrpeua OxpHljaHI1Ma 6HJIa
.na HX je pa3Ma3HJI8 H C1'BOPtfJI3 0)1. :&MIX

CPPH-

neny, KaKBH cy MyrnKBpUJI, 1'8KBe cy II xceae. Y TaKBoj CpeJI.HHH cranno ce csanoyje, napyje, KYMyje, KPnrresa; YBeK ce seCeJJH 11 neaa. ITeBa ce H Y ceB,n:3XY, rreaa ce II Ty3H, Y CKPOMHOCTH H paCK3J18IDHOCTf1; y Jby6asI1 rcao H Y .1hYTlhH H l<8B311. 3aTo je y OXPl1llY TaKO M1iGrO Hap0.ll.HHX necaua 0,1:( CBaKe PYRe, Pc:l3JIHYHTOr eM01'HBHor KB8JIHTeT8, Jly6HHe
H HHjaHce.

Bauie
.lla

HO arne

npyr.ae

H8

CJIOSeHCl< OM

OXPH.llY ?aJIO jaBHO KOMe THIJ,e

arpana
ce

yaory

zianauuse
1l.8 ce

mraune
KB}f{t, aexo

HeWTO

HH,llHCKpeTHo

na

Jyry, y csery.
ce

IH~CMa je AI{O

y je rpece He-

HeRO

11J,H1He.WTO

nOXBaJIH

HJIH 113rpAI1,

OnOMeHe

HJIH na

npanpern CBe ce TO K831·fBaJIO ne:CMOM, 4YBeHe nertoOXpl1JI.CKe HH.1lHCI<peTHO cy onenaue; 6paKOBI1 }IS paQYH3 jasno cy neC]\tJOM HCMejaBaHH; .lloMafia rupaaaja npeua MyMy
HJIH )KeHH H3Jla3l1JI3 .u:pRB3M8

nenane xyhaxa.
HJlld

ua csanoaaa, Yjeceu,
aa

r06pojHHM

Je3epCKOJ

?8111T3Ma.. OKO Oxpnna, JIeTH.

y hepauaaa

I1 cse ey re necae cariopaxa no MHOH M3H3CTl1pHMa, no yaanaxa, no npHsaTHHM 6ep6H rpoacha, ua KOMHlllalbY KYI<YPY3a,
je neCMH HTA. BepH.ZI.6aM3, U.pI<BeHHM I1J1I1

uapaaa y

hyptIHCKHM,

no

pH6apCKHM

QaMu,I1Ma,

HJUi

BpeJBiM

X3M3MHMa

3l1MFI I1JUf H3 ITJl3LKH

. Flecsse je CaCTaBJbaO cuaj H3JBHwe npaponae 611CTpHHe

j

xoja
a

Je

HM30

Haj6oJbl1

fJIaC

H 11

nY2<:OBI1TOCTH.

.naH-)1,afI8C

nocroja

f{OP04HTH pen

rpahaaa
.llOHeKJIe
H

lIocrojao je, na I(OjH 6H onrosapana

Tpy6a.nYPHMa:
TO

npOBaHCaJICKHM

){{OH.rJ1epHM3,

cy

25
"CBFIpallH. Y OXPHlI.Y
'ce
CBaKH rpaijaHHH

aeMa caapa-ra

Llaraua;
caxo

TO

je

33Hl1M8Ihe

xora

pane

npHXB3Ta,

axo MMa napa.

sa pa3BHTaK
Ha.na311JI3

Ta'KBOM

.je JlUpCKa

HaM

. a:apOJI,HHX

necaxa 83 Ozpana : CT. KOCTe Illarncapeaa, TI1XOB3, Koaesa, JaKHMOBa, xaneanap rOJIy6, Ilopen JHipCKe, HaKO Y M3lihoj
uosana, noeaaja.
K3JIHa

9,OI{aayjy

rrecaa - y CBMMa lbeH:HM 06J1Mu,I1Ma H BpCTaMa. To MHoro6pojHe nocan urrasmaue 30nplte JII1PCIHiX

aM6BjeHT)'

Haj60Jbe

rao

Bepsoaaaa,

.IT aacea 3 , E.

6pahe

MHJIaJI,l1-

CrrpOCTpaHOB3, KHCeJIIiJHOBHli Ii .lI.p.

OCHM CTapl1X rrecaxa OXPlf)I, [e

nao

Mepl1, HerOBaJI3 ce H encxa 0 Kpansy MapKY, BOJIKamHHY H

enl1Ke, OB)I,e ce paaeaja
CJIOBeHCKoM Jyry

OCT3J1HM jYH3IJ,l1Ma ornurecpncxe

necsry KY3MaH Kanazraa,

opUniHaJIHHM

ennxa.

xoja I1Ma OKO 1300 oCMepatr'KHx CTHKOBa

-

HajJJ.Y2KY ua

H JIO-

encxy

"c

.rr.aKTHJI. OHa encxa necxa 0 KY3MaHY KafIH.1I,aHY 1860 r, nanaxayaa je OXipidjaHHHa I'naropa CT3BpH)lRCa CTIPJII1Lle.), re je ua rpqKOM je cnesao enes ,,0 apMaTOJIOC" (Cepaap), xoja je na KOHKYpCY ,lI,06HJIa npny aarpaay H ATHHcKlfYHHBep3liTeT xpynacao je osora OXpl1~aHMHa JI3S0POBMM BeHLl,eM 11 npl18H3JIa ra Haj6olh>HM rp-rI{MM neCHHI{OM nOCJIe Xouepa. Osora Cepaapa npyacaxo HallIHM lIHT30lJ,HM3 y npBOM cpn'CKOM n.peBO,UY, Y nposu. Ouaj cy cnea XB8JH1JIH I'pua, 4>paH,ll3KTHJI U.Y3U 11 HeMUH;

MeTpoM:

rpoxej

YBepEULH
..,ny)KRll

.n.a Oxpaljaua,

HeK3

1'3 oueue

HH 1I0Boj~ urapoj

QI1TaOUH H nexa 6yJ1.Y HaKO qeCTO uepasyaeaaa«, Helie OCTaTH CBOjOj ..aOMQBMHH JyrOCJIaB:MjH.
H naura

"B

J.

I<lfcemmoBIIIi, npodi,

KmulkeBHOC'r
fJIDf'Op ·CTaBpR,Il,HC

(Ilpnaae)

CEPll,A.P
BpI1CaK ce paanexce H3 ce.na faJJH4HllKa PeKaJIHCKOra. KaKBa JIM je necpeha Cli3WJI8 11 MaJIO 11 BeJIlilKO, re C8M: naaxy ja ano, 1I<8JIOCH,O? )I,3 JIll je rpazt noriao 3JI8THe lbffBe, CKa~ KaBIJH JIM cy npercpaaa norsa I1JIli je cyzrras nOCJIao zra npe BpeMeH3 cxyrm-a reunce ,n,alJ,l1je?
HaTH KPHJIH je

nozsa,

nocno 3.JIa'fHe l"bHBe, HI1HI cy C[(3K8S11;I1 npeHH1'11 ITaK je CYJITaH rrocaao .1I.a npe apeueaa CKYIlJb8
rpan

reuuee AaUHje: seh cY I'era y6HJJH KY3M8H·KaneT8a8, jYH8Ka Ha,ll. jyaauaxa, re he OTcaJ( JbyTH pa36ojHHuI1

cepnapa.. ApH8Yq"11

TaKO cy, cMyheHfd I1 aanpenatnheaa, npHtI8JIH opavx, nepue cayre Marepe aeMJbE'; a »ceue, -rynrua TY 1K3JIOCl:iY BeCT, uynaae cy caojy xocy. fJ.l8C ce 0 TOMe 1I.H3ao 11.0 HE'6eca li pacrao je XHTpO; 'fa [e l{o6H8 BeCT noaereaa J1 OCTi.tJIHM I1JTeMeHHMa. 3a-

rasara

H CKpHaSP.fTH

Hallie

CeHOBHTe

nJIaHHHe.

xao

llJIaf<8JII1

cy

CHpOY}fhH:

rpOMOM

nopaaceau.

H ynosaue

opacn

Ii 406aHH

6HJll1

cy

Ilponehao je Beqe. Ha I{8IlHjH cezra 2KeH8 cpe,H,I-bI1X rOJlHHa, IIOHOCHTa, 3JI:paBa, rryna, 06rpJll1BIIIW pyxaaa caoja napcra l{OJIeB8 HeTpeHliMHue je raenana y nyrnnaay uea xojy [e caaa 6PI1.)f{JDH.BO OllHCTl1JIa CI1THO I1CTyu,aaI1M yrJbeHOM. Y noraeny joj,
caja
~atTor
JIenOTa.

aarerusa Hseae
joj

caara, 8Ma30PlCI{(l CpqaAOCT M aH~eOCKa }KeHCKa rOJI,HHe IHiM3.n:O HHCY nOKBHpH1JIe JIenOTY pyacaH cana caja I<30 sa BeCeJIe,

,lI.OCTH.

Cfle,ll.I1HI1 OCTao je,lJ,aH je.llI1Hl1 KOjl1 je nonynxpao srpany ; aJIM cy 11 [:hera. 6ecHo ,lJ,PM3JIli 6e36pojflM crpauiua 3MajeBM ortseuax OQHjy. Hajsan ce xyha cpyuia a rOMHJle pa3B8JIHHa 6HJIe cy !beHa rpo6HHua.

Hena, aecpehaa, 8JHl .llOCTOjH8 XBaJIe KY3M8HOBa MajKa. Florpyaceaa y eyaopue MI1CJIH, OHa ce aaraeztana y 3eMJhY, jep je caaoh CHliJIa C:::TpallI3H cau : cTy60BH a.eae xyhe O..nje.llHOM cy ce M C BeJIHIHiM 1'peCKOM cpyruaaa PI (aMO je y
Ta je
)KeRa

.JHill.a, xoje

yronae

MJIa-

27': OH.a naje 6yryfmaJIe IbeHY

crpanmora
BepOBaJI8

CHOBe·

8JIH

cy cyxopue

CJIYTfue Y3--

lje'fu3

na 11 nOMHMO tseue BOJbe, Myt:fHB npHBM~ CHa JIe6)1,eJI3 cy DQe)J. lheHHM OtfHMa. Ha CBaKYI myuraa, J1.M3aJIa je caoje HaMpllJ"reHQ qeJIo, xao .n,a je HeUITO O~ geKVlB8JIa, 1'1 oner ra je cnYUITaJIa xao YBeJlO nsehe, nepasyxe ... :sajYTIU liM BalIlTG HH Kp01111'0. C133RYI npOJIa3HHK nosnpanao 6HOBY nourronan.a .nOCTOjHY Y ,n{)BH~y 11 KPHO je CBQje 041'1 nyue

nyrny,

je1lHTIOra J.J.eTE~"Ta,je2I.l!!He nojroha a.eue rcyhe, Tara necnor MajlJMliOr KfliJIa, Tara CTP3IllHJIHIll'F3 3paaYTCKHX JbYTU.x ryja xoje • ey nYCTOIllHJIe OKOJlHa MeeTa H paCTYjKHB3JIe CHpOlJa,n:. MajKa ceo cnpexaaa na MeTfle He B8TPY KOTaQ C BOll.OM ,lI.3 onepe ysrop se sore jyaasoae, Meljyn1M Ebera r:y HOCHJH1 MpTBora! Janna ce
MajKa
Pi

CY38. HW1<O ce uaje

uor

ycyhaaao

.n,a je 06aBeCTH

BJIOM yJ1.ecy lbe-

cana Banana

.1Ia Ca4eJ{8

csora

npenparora

caua,

neno-

oe,II;I10ra napa ceHOSHT(iX OJIaHHH3, nOHOCliI.TOr FI CR3liuwr, ysjaX3.1I3 spaaa KOlba,1<80 UlTO ce qeCTO KY3MaH sepao no nJI8HHHH. ca CBOjOM EepROM .n:PYJKHliOM na rORYI pascoj HHKe1 H yaex ce. spahaa rOPAHM TIo6eAHo~eM. AJIH o.uje.llHOM nonpe raaaxa on MHOlliTBa caera. -lernpa

rcaor-naaa AJ16aHIJ,a HOCHJIH cy TY)KHO Jl csenaao aa PYK3M3. MPTB3n.3. YMOpHH H 3HojaBH, cKHHymf cy reno npezi KanHjoM. Ouna aajenuox, MaJIO M BeJlH~O, H.36JlH3a M H3.ll8JIeK8, aaxa-nca ce OKO MpTS3lJ,3 xao nenpooojaa 3·H.L(RI-Ia. O.uacBYE; je O.L(jeKFrBaO npacax H HeY'I'eUHJO jeuau.e. Kao lI.3 cy CBl1 On.)IaKHBaJIH ORO nrro HM je llajMIUll1je 11 Tiaj.rr:pa*e na CBeTY. Flopert KY3MahiOBOf aerna
je iI(aJIOCHO psao
C'HiO

OKpSaSJbeHId
Ha,l{

KO}h KOjH je

a60r

JKa.1l0CTH cny-

llpxT3BHM rrosepoaaaa

ynapao KonWTOM H xorrao aeMJbY. MPTB3IlY MajKa; najnpe aaje Ol;UIMa CBOjHM: CYMfhaJI3 [e. CaMO ce no CBeHapOJlHOM naany Jl,OCenW3 OBOMe j311.Y HOD-MaX joj nao H3n3MeT ouaj
HOfaM8 npIH.':TYITYfJIa je

csojy

rpHBy

jyuaxa,

CTpamHH cau. J 2YKflyJIa je urro je jase MOrJJa [{3Q aaaaua KOjOj cy npaa nopon OLUleJIM .1Ij9CKM JlOl3UI1. OPI1 TOM npaaopy H H3jHeoceTJPHBHjH lJOBeK npo nao je ropxe cyse, re je lJHTaBO ceJIO
O)ljeKl1BaJIO

neoeca ...
oua

nzrere

cnoje

on BpI11l1'I'8Fb3. Hens O)J.6attH MapaMY ca fJr8Be 11 pac.llyra4Ke ITJIe'fE:HMUe, a !heR ce flJI3Y; Y3,IT,I13aq JlO

"OTBopMTe iapOCI~O

npesra

MH npoaaa
rOMliJIM,

BH, -

M3JIO.n.YillHH
)l;3

OpaQH, "le.llo!

BHJlI1M caoje

y3BHKHy 0, ja)J.H8

3eM3JbCK3 6Hfta! 3aIII'fO onaarcyjere KYSM3H8? 3ap My HHCY noBOJ'bHe MaTepHHe cyae H pO~aqKO jeuaa,e l Ee,llJUIIJ.Yl, orinaxyjre ceoje Jby6e, MJlal(e xao pOCHa xan, jep he oae 6wra pa360jHHQlHi llJIeH! Ja.n:R(1II.M, aa xora here ce OCJIaluaTH C3Jl.a? ETG, Ky3M3HL KOjH je Haw saaauaj opaaao xao SeI'IHllY OK3, YMPO, norunyo je!U
fOMHJI3

Pasoapyuiene
l\IJpTBaua
BY,

ce aaranaca H pa3MBKHY ce 11a joj ~Ha"lHHl1 npozaa.. KGCe, sauera xao B3XK3HTKHliba, 6H[(PI ce OHa ua 11 ca m8JIOCHHM BPHCKOM OOYXBan1 n.eroay XJIa.1I.RY rvra6pmJb8H

1<(10 IIITO

ooasu]a

cTa6Jlo

,II,I1BOBCKOt jasopa

}{(,)Me

ayryje (BOj }l{HBQT. I-beH je nJIa~ IlOCTaJ30 CBe ja4lf }I jaGR 11 ·3arJIYIllJbHBa razaaa HcnYl-b8B8JIa je aasnyx. Bestipo] acena Onl<OJbHJ!O je Ty.iKFIy xarep 1>1 xao CJl'aTFWpe4H. VI JIaKO nOJJ3KO OlJ;BojHJJe cy je OJ{ xaanaora TeJIa .n;parora joj nopona. Ta kojer JIll 'CMpTHor uehe )lJlpliyTH meHeKH TIJIaqIDt raac P joj . O,UMax cy
'lllTOBalbeM 3aTl1M· Fern npHillJU1 rozroraaaa, H HeMHliM noraenoa, IUIMaJIO ce He

.raacne

JEaCTe aaroaapane

yrernue

'CKpJ1ITem1X PYKY, a aajcrapaja

"MajKo, HMalli CI'IH3 4Hje 'he rIO.lI.BHFe oneaara 6Yll.yftI>! Ha.paruraja y 6ecKpajRoM HH3y rOlHiHa. }be_rOBHM he ce CJIaB~HfM

Me1)y IbHMa pesc :

rrperaapajyha,

ca crpaxono-

.n.eJIHM8 YI'Jle.1l,3TH jYR8.QH xao OH, 2 rerie he C8W 3eM2JhCKH ne:Ba411 npOCJI8BHTH xao cnasuy jYfoHI:4KY MaTep. AJIH, Bora paJUi, yranra] MaJIO csojy Tyry 11 rrocnyuraj Me. Ja hy HCnpHQaTI1 !-beroaa .lteJ18, jep je H Gory yrOJI.HO tta ce nprora 0 jYHa4KHM nonIBH3HMa" •

VI MpTBa THWHHa SaBJlalI,a Y MHOrOJbY)J;HoM cxyny . . nLlaH8CJ Hac CTO'UH:la zryrrra, npozaeajyha Ba3.l1.YX CBOjl1M ineCM3M8, CTHrOCMO y ceJIO Cran. )l~ je Bor xre o, zta naje zraaaUHhH .llaH HH oCBaHYo' Oaor a je crparnaora ,lI.3Ha TOJIHl{O ir?H8K3 nOCTHrJIa necpeha l Hexn sao ll.yx ozmeo je Hac Y ITOrH'6ajy! ,UaHac caM BHll.eo K3KQ ceapara pohana, HCKYCHH 6op·IJ,M) xonprrajy y 6ap6a KaQ pH6e. MHOre he MajKa rrOCTH,llHO orinaKHBaTH CBOjy ,rr,euy, a cynpyre - caoje MY}I{eBe... llece-r .n;e6e,JHiX porarax OBHOBa orecao H3 06JIH2Klber Topa; a HeKI1 O.Zl,Hac y~orne y ceJIO Cra H, nponoxame .spara, n OTpamI1We 6eJIa xJIe6a
'11

yrpaeuure
re

pO)lI1TeJb8,

aecerax aenax JI.esojqHua .:u.a 011 HaM CJIYJKl:iJIe aa r030H.

ja)J.HKOBl{e

113

sarpzsaja l-bI1XOBHX Ami ero, 60f, MHJIO-

'CTOSH npeaa
·CI1H8,

Heq;ehHHMa, ycaaura crpauiae

00'3311 TO ca YA8Jb€HI1X
HeSI1H.HX.

Y.aory

He6eCKHX BH-

60llijer

je BHTe3" T80j tHB, KQjH je 6MO Cr<pOjHO Y2KaCaH n1l3H ... 113aKJIaCMO porare oaaose 11, O.llpaBWI1 I1X I1Ct{YCHO, uara.KOCMe ua paxcn.eae. Llpaa ce 3eMJba 060jH KpB.ThY OBHOBa; ana ·3aTO ce yCKOpO IIOCJIe Tara CnpeM3JIO ,lI,a ce xao npBeHI1 f10TOI{ npoaaje sa ReTY 3eMJbY jYHa4K8 Kp8, jep IHHlIT8 jaw HHje H3-Mat{J10 TBOpgeBOM OKy. HaJI02KHCMO ner narapa H sa caarco] ce neKJIQ no zraa OBHa. L[HM je jaxa, npozcnapyha narpa H.CneKJIa -MeeD, yraCHJH1 CMO yrapxe 11 panocao no JI,eceTGpMrJ.3 a8CE')I,OCM.O nOA ceHOBHTHM ,1l.pBeheM. 11 xao OPJIOElH, 113HypeHH rJIa~y, npO)f{,ll.pJbHBO n0geCMOqynaTH H [ecru )I,e6eJJo Meea; a neue 'rIPHCJIy)KH~u,e CHnaJ1e cy y 3eMJbaHe 60KaJIe 'H nonanane HaM XJIa.llHY BOn,UU,y. Ami HaWH aajaxau 80jH.HUH, ~aCllTI1BIllH ce .noopo, rroxerue 11X 6eCTMJl,HO 8peJ)an:L Ouna ce 0.n8CBYJI. npo-JIOMH rpoxoraa CMex ca Rel{OM K06HOM CJIYTlDOM; H spehanese
-ce OY.H. aanyuaure cyaa
hYTaJIe 11.

'6HQa yseo

KaO,1l.a

ie

CBRMa

npeTI1JIa

onacaocr,
Ja

a
caM

.nesojsaue

cy

pYMeHeJIe K80 upseaa

6YJIl{a.

6eao6pa3H,e

CTpOrO

npexopeo,

aJHi: ijeOOY3..uaH3

6yjHa

MJIa.ll.OCT

He cnynra
Bl1CHJIa

cr apasxe

casere,
TJ[aBaMa.

H'aA Hal1lHM

jep je Beh 11 crpauma 602Kl1ja K33Ha 11 nox je japxo cyuue crajazto sa-

YCTaBHBlIHl ce ua He6eCl{OM JIap-Me, nojana ce osaj BHTe3,

Il.OlYl

xpaopax npyroaa, 11 caa lUi ce OJ( lliHX cnpevao na HaBaJIH· na HeHaopY}l{3HY pyn.y. AJllI OJ}eMeHHTH KY3MaH nao 11M je 3HaK fJlaBOM zta He o;n,06paaa fuHXOB cnpeMaHl1 Hanan. YJUIO I1M je· cMeJIOCT H O,ll,M8X RaM je ITOColI80 rrqpyxy .aa te cnpe'MHMO sa 6op6y. Ouzts cy ce nama 6eao6pa3lHil.U1 y o-rajarsy n04eJIH opy-·

CBO)1.Y, Yl3HeHa.ll3, ycpen rosceae crpatuaa, HB KOI:bY, ca neceropa-

}Rani, 6e3 BOJbe 11 JIaraHO, jep cy .npxTaJJH npe.a 6JJHCKOM cxpby .. Cehajyha ce csor a uerrpacrojuor nOHaIIJ8Fh3, ocehaaa cy zra liM ce KpB J1e,lI,H y }l{11JI 3M 8. Oana je KY3M3H, HHMaJIO He oxaeaajyha;
Y3BHKHYO CBOjOj nepaoj npY2KI1HI1: "Xpa6pM MOMQI1 PeI{8JTwje", 6YLl.I1Te jYH8UM! Hl1'''H~r3 ce He 60j"Te~ a caao 6eHJ4awlie npeapare. 11 OBara nyra noxazorre CBOjy CMeJTOCTI 11 aKO sac je IieKaJI.: nosacncra y.nOBHua pYMeHI1M IHiHOM )la 611 Y13JIOlKl1Jl3 aauiy jaxy )}{ei), 3KO BaM je capose c nOilJTOB3l-beM 11 YMI1JIH1fM norne-

)l,OM

ce CSaK¥! on: uac, saY3H-MajYHI1 n04aCHO MeCTO na BeCeJIHM nw:pOBHMa, flOHOCPl0 rrpneuCTHOM, Ii aKO cy najsan 83M3 uajnpe IJO)J,HOCl1JIH 60K2JI PYMeHora BIHla 11 CBaRM je C OCMe'XDM rJI,e.n:a<D, na sac, CeTl1MO ce cser-a, ror a M Y onoj KpB3BOj 60p6J1 6Y)l.MMO xpaopa ,n:a lie 6n JbY,llH
nOJby6HJIO aKO rOBOpHJIM )J,3 CMO He;ll.OCTojHH THX n04aCTM, ,ll3 ce He33CJLY}KeHO· XB3JIHMO H 6e3 p33J10ra ce B0HOCPfMO. Hanpezr l Halla je nI1CaHa. CYll,6HH3

CHa)KHY

.neCHHUY,

y 60)J{HjIfM PYK3M3". ,,113peK3swIi CBe TO~ KY3M3H je pasacerao yponeuy liM xpa6POCT If, .rr.P)Kelil1 Y PYU:H caQJbY .n.aMacK11lbY ca .ttsoeTpYKIfM ce-, Qt1BOM, UOJIeTeO je ua 6p30HorOM KOIby. A u.er osa o.naea tle'I'a,
0)1 4YBeHI4X .aecer MOMaK3

}heM }I, H~tn,axHyTa nOJleTeJI3 Ie ys rpoaorvracne

Tpqetm. je fHeBOM OCBeTe,

noinaa

aa

K30

6YPHI1

6p30HorHM KOMOPCKM TGlJIae.-

nymrce,

3acHjaJJe cy ca6Jbe xao

yseaxe,
MY}he.

3arpMeJIe

Ilanano

H KOTPJb3JIH ce no 3eMJblL
Ii Haj331l

OHM ey 611:rIH eaBJl8.n.aH:.H. TaI{O 11M je 6HJlO cyheuo! Fla HHCY l1M3JIl1 HH 6aKapHe rpy.aa, HM fB03.lI;eHe pyxe; Iif tbHX je MajKa pO}lHJIa. 11 OH)J..8 je TBOj KY3M31i OCTao caM y .IbYTOj 6op6H nCaM, xao tTOpYKH ropocrac, crajao je npornsy aenpa]aTeJbCKI1X

AJIM je xpsaaa

6op6a 6MJ13 uejezmarea

je 6e36poj [era

cy aarpoaerne

e,

pencsa. KOIh My je xao BI1X~)P JIeTeO no BOJbI1 CHaiKH.Or KOI-b8HI1Ka; 11 OKpeT8H xao ryja npacojsmsa npocnjao je uenpajatersoce penose 11 LJYS30 csora .nparor saresa. A OR je ycpen 6op6e xao Mylila cenao ua nOCJIYllIHOM KOlhy. Cnasu je iseroa

jezraa rpeayr
JIOBCKH

noraezr 611'o rpou sa aenpajaren.a, a CBaKH yaap - CMPT, H. aa caao, nanpen, narpar, uaotcoao, Ol<p€byl1l1 CBOj opseha. Llpna ce SeMJba 060ja

je c.a6JbOM OHaMO rne je onacaocr 6HJIa. a.}]6aHCI<OM KPJby I A KOlb je WHPOKO oraapao csoje H03)lp'Be Ii psao, jep je 11 OH 6110 xpatiap. YQecHI1K y no6e,IU1. Ott je ra311.0 reaa llaJIMX 6opaIJ,a KOjl1. cy [e-.

rrorzren y napao

cy 6I1JIa T8 jeuaa.a I OI:lJ(3 je KY3MaH npen 3a· -.ll.HBJbeHHM OtfHM8 ApHaYT8 Ha.nH4JiO na crpatnaor .n.eMOHa, aa KpBOJI04aOr 3JIOr .u.Y18, .ll.YX8 OCBeTe Ii aalliTHTHI1Ka sanaheanx, Y TOM 6ecnpMMeHOM ospurajy aaje Hll MaJIO 6no H8JIHK na CMPl'l(8JIH:.

Crpannra

aor

40BeKa

-2KyTO -IDOM

6op6y c TBOJI1M Cl:1HOM KY3M8H.OM. noraezta, .lI.p>Kelln y 06eMa pYK8Ma

cpnoa. ,,~ TOM MOMeHTY K8W sojaona MaXMYLl, oscanourhen H8nponauihy, nOJIeTe K80 opao ld noxceae 118 ce yrrYCTH Y
iKeTeJm4KHM

xaacje

Ii nO,ll,lberOBOM

nozt

cy

Ca6JT:>OM

AJJ6aHUH

nanana

xao

_jYKHyG
'fa

-Jenaa je ynapao Y JleBO KOCT cacraje C JIOna1'l1uoM;

y Ba3AYXY
aa
TJIy. EO Ill'FO

[araraa .. H3HeH8.ll.8 H3ahe '-cy ce ABa nyrnsa H [I0J1eTeJIa .usa MeTKa.z;r.8 rpaxce jytHlqKO
jYH84l\O

HaMpllITeHO' qeJIa 11 xpsasor je,Q8a OF1llITOJb 11. Y YCTHMa CMeJlO rrpen !heI'8. Hcrospeaeaa tqYJla
no MeeD.

a .n.pyrH ce aa

paxe, oune rAe ce K.7bY4Ha je C BeJHiKOM OP311HOM qmTOnJIOr

H,

Teo na l-bera H, ycnpasaaina

npe
cJK3Jby

npamauy

He ,UO,D;Hpl-IyaIDH O)J.M3X je Ky3M8H

Meca, norxonao
OCMeXOM

je

rOpKI1M

nOJIe-

CBOMe BpaHO,M KOt-bY, CTH}Ke

cnora -jaTaraHa,
11 y)J,ap11 nOHOCHTO

Mef>H

je MaXMY,llY nOIllJIO 33 PYKOM .aa nmena .l1.pH: O,lLM8X )UUKe carirsy )J,aMaCKHI:hY, re O,lI.6arn K8!{0 rpeoa Y JIeBY CTP8HY rpaa, oune f)le
y3)1,I11Ke 113

ce spar

Tpyrra.

OrpOM He KoeTH HHMaJlO ce

i.:HHCY YCI1POTHBI1JJe OWTPOM rBO}i{~y; ozraajajyh« MecO H KOCTW, 'OHO je CTl1rJlO AO )J,eCHe MHillHue. Taxo zrpaocesa jeJI.HHM Y)l8.ipOM orcese BeJII1KY xpacroey rpaay, Hajnpe nane rvrasa 11)leCHa .pyxa c paneaa aJI6aHCKOr BOjBO..n.e; a nOCJIe rora OTKOTpJba ce
11 iseroa
I:(YJb3JI3

rpyn H3 nnoroopojne je H3 oraopeae .paae.

je
MaJufX

neuiene

no

3 eMJb· 11_ A TOnJLa KpB

'TeJ.IY; 6HJIO je HeMaJIO H raxaax «cje cy nyooxoaaceuaae y yHyTpaIlHbOCT acnozr pe6apa. AJI.11KY3M3H, japocrau, rcao HeyTyJbI1Ba
sarpa, )lOK je UYPl:lJI8

"MHoro

paua

6HJIO ITO KY3M3HOBOM Fl3

jYHaQKOM

.xcyzreo sa aenpajarezscrcox KPBJby. AJII1 YHM nor nOTOK8, 11 OH 060pM 6JIe,[y raasy, npoiuanyra HeKOJIHKO ,pe4H 11 OAMax naae C ({Olba ys BeJIHKH rpecax xao CTapH -xpacr KOjl1 je ycrojao npbnlBY TOJIHKO onyja, 8JIH Haj3aJI. ce 11
'OR

TOnJIa

t(PB

t-berOBffx

paaa, YBeK jour aecrazre 2KHBOTBOP-

cpyunr en MHorax 1f npH rrany CMpBI1 H l-hera

To je scnpauao

TelllKI1X
I< •

ynapana

ztpcxora

.npBOCeqe,

HY

xoja je ,.'J,(jTJI,e nanrheuo 'fJIe)JaJIa Y u.era, cnynrajyha ra H3fy6H cuary, ileTOM 'rel<' noaparutne je, OHa nOHOBO ropxo sanaaxa 3a l(parMM AeTeTOM H MI-lOrOJby.aHa rOMHJla, xao TaJ13CH no teo] 06aJIH, OJJ.Max je rrpaxsaruaa l-beHY TY}I{HY saneuky.
ce Bpl1CaK
'OBO

AJI6aHau,

a MajKa,

aanpeH

cap-

CBojHM nyrax-

H aarreurca

,l1,o.uao:
"BHTewK8

Manc yramarue,

npanonenan

A xan
jour
jep

je

MajKo! He nJJ3411 aa KY3MaHoM, FIe }KaJIH _je OH no 6o}Kjoj BOJbH y pajy, rne Y>KliBa y HeHCKa3aHI1M

ra,

pano-

31
"'f:THMa, a

TBOj fIJIall cavo

Y3HeMl1p'3Ba

u.eroay

~nontHyo 6P8He1Hi CBOj 33 BlP·Iaj, a He xao pascojuax KOT~ TeMI1.ll.8 rOHI1 11 rypa ra HeMHJIOcpAHO Y MpatlHy T8MY. HYiJe OR YMPO I{aO po6 y JlaRUHM3, HUTU n8E( yryiuea 01J. JbYTe 60JbKe npoxase, Hkl1'l1 0)1.:CMPToHoclie rJ18)lA, li,I1TI<J ce yronao y oypaax TaJI8CWM8, HHTH rrax je JIe}Kao on zryrorpajee 6o.necnr na rcao
,-'

ayury :

OH je CJIaBHO

iKeH8 ncrpyae

MHoro6pojHe zryur-MaHe, nane y CJl3BHCj 6opon, OCBeTHHI{ stior H8CHJba. OR je COrI. CTBeHQPy qHQ Y crpainaoj Qop6n, ys Y>KaCHe oozrose I1 na nse,
:'H rpener Henpl1jaTeJbY H nOIllTQ je rroryriao

Ben,

.HaKO

je.

nocren,a,
ncrrOQe'I'K3

HllTk[

QlI,

K8KHe npyre
paisen,

jom

6110 TeUlKO

YJlI1RaiyhPI crpax

)J{aJIQCHeCMpTH.

sarpo

aenaxo

MH01lI'rBQ

uenpujarea,a;

ja hy

HcnpHtI3TH

caao

"OlleB80 y cpe6po, O,lJ,JrnqaH rycnap H MHJI03BY4'H11 nesau, aeurr y 60waHCffMM. arpaxa (KOJHlMa) 11 crparnaa y 6op6aMa; 6pKaTM
CeJIMaH, xora je crapa OTaD; npa cso]o] BeJIHKOM panourhy, nOlIlTO je 06e3fJIaSHO -csora MJIai]er opa1'a; orrazseaa on C::yHIJ,8
>C 311Billli CMpTH
6JlarOCJlOBllO

FIorHHYJH::1Xje MHGro: urupoxorpyna JaKy6, Hey 6op611, KOjH K3)J. je, n pez BeJIH[<liM MHOlIITBOM Jby.uH~ ursenao rQPOCTaca ,UecTaH8 sa rpcyx, xao lWMeH ra 6aU110 ua 3eMJbY I1 npocyo My npesa; HMyhHH Paruuzt, I{OjH ce
3HaTHl1jaM,

jep

CaBJIa,lI)bI1B

Am'ijy
AXM@jl,

OCBen10

CMpT KOjH je, orrauacan.e

.Ba,n; 11,eJJOMYllpeHuM cynpyrou cycena, Mpa4Hoj .mYMl1; senrra crpeaau A6.uypaxMaH, 4HjH 6p3H. MeTaK H1H<a.z:r. na]e npcsraurao, re je JIaL<O y6l1jao He6eGH~ TITHue y JIe'r.y, je.uI'1HO My je ca.aa MeTaK neycnemuo nOJIeTeO, re ,LlOI{ je 36yfbeH nccuarpao oxpnra], nao je H. can, MOM3K, oc:raBHBlIIH y l1.y60Koj Ty31:1 crapyvajxy. OH je }KHBeO y MaJH~cHjld, Yf csa Heaccpehaaua 11 nporon.eaaua H anasana cy Yl'04HmTe xozt l'hera, 4al{ H zra cy y'6HJlfl caua rum 6paT.3 ..uoMatllHlOBa. TIa LJ3K 11 caM CYJIT3a .ua My je aarpaacao rrpenajy nperiernor ~JII1I{OB~a ij Ka.ll 6H My nperao CMphy, oaaj Manncop He 6M ce lI,BOYMI10 zta KpB C130jy npoanje, caao na lie H3,U3 aecpehamca icoja je nOTpa2H'HO .rseroso rOCTonpHMCTBO; Cy.rrejMaH,. KOjH non ynnJ,ajeM csoje 6YPHe MJlallOCTl1 upoztao je CBOjy Kyhy caxo aa a8):lOBOJbM CBOjy crpacr sa opYII<jeM 113 D,aMacKa; EMHI'I KOjH rpaaceha Y)J{3CHY CMPT, jep je uexan y rrl1jaBCTBY yupenuo ueuaopyacaue HeI1pH· _ [arerse, 6aUi10 y 1J.y60KM cpe6pH00HCTPH JI.P"IM~ H M3THua ra je o,n:BYKJIa, ami fa cnasao
TIJUiEaJbeM }KH:BOTa. ra je

na C~ CBe1'OrpanCKM Ka)l.Hja: cnpexao

na Y3BPIIIId o6ecJ.-lo ra y

pH6ap,

npaaau,

~lle }KHEH qY,lJ;HOBaTOrtnexe 0,lJ, CMpTHMX JbY1I.a KOjH HCnOBeJJ.ajy I1CTOBpeMeHO ~ XpliCTOBY H MYX3MelI,OSY sepy H Meuronare npasaaxe rrpasayjy, a rporiose HM orrenajy Pi rrorr H
'HM8M;

Illnars,

TaKO je 6HJIO cyncao I qaH-JoK, OIIIllTe n03HaTH fOCTOqHja je xyha 611J1a CBaKOM orsopeaa, POlI,OM liB Dp.n.C({Or

H36asl'Io,

3 J],3H3C

yiuao y aarrenyuisae Ta/laCe 11 MY je Ky3M3H orcexao .LJ,aMap

.y TpqafbY, JIeTeO je xao ·'l'parOBe CBOjHX CTQnaJI3.

xpouora

EJHIC,

CUll

A6.n:.YJIaxo13, KOjl1 xan ee Ha.ll.MeTaO naera VI na upamana naje ocraszsao

110: EJIHCY

AJIH

llHCY

nOCJJY}KHJJe acre:

32
Ii OH

je Oll; KY3MaaOBe ca6Jbe trpeurao Y BellaTH can, OCTaBHBllIay,uOBQM CHOJy MJIa,uy cynpyry M cnpoI:JwtieM csojy MHJIY xhep; Haj38Jl, ,uI{B/fuH MaXMYJJ:, aeurr Y CBeMY, l{ojw je 6110 reao OHK
BOJIOBHM8, xora CBH nOUl'POB8J1H.

Me~y

norytirseao
MH!baTH"

je 6ea6poj. neaenecer
je Hac !heros

cy

CMO CBB

H83HB8JIH

BOj'BO)1,OM

H 1(80

OBM OHJIH

Hallie sojsone, a npoCTHX BI1TeIDKa MajKa! Ja achy CEe lbHX cnoHM8TH crpnrsersa

Elora 6opaua,

HHTH rrax

helllTH

THHe 60paija

H ruecr

je CBOjOM HPBJby H8rrojHJIO

ocrano
IRHBHX H

rra

4yjeilJ,

On

upuy

C1'O-

aeMJbY 14 caeo
Hac

xeraopaua
HO}f{.

a.n:paBI!fX, cavo
H8, 38 no-

Je 1l0UlTe)l€O MP'fBO ByUHM8 If neue

!!rrOCn-i~eHH}lIaK

ca

CT3H8

,QOHeCOCMO

TH I{aO Harpa,Uy

PYKaMB

TeJIO
1:1 6H

J-berOBO,
CBaKFI

a He OCTaBHCMO
lb€My nyTa

ra

H20

neui

xpaay

BpaH8Ma, jep

,uOJH-myje

nOQaCl;I3

caxpaaa,
nOCM8-

YfHiHHCMO

TO ]!a

rpao y Jezpeay xpa6pe Pyce ~ K038Ke, )(flB1:JO caM ce Fpsso]. ... xpaHHTeJb~H xpatipax BHTe30B8, ocrapeo can y 6op6GiMa U.
MHore CaM rpanose BH.)(eO CJJY)J{efiH IIIKO,llpaJIM-naUIl1, l-H-i.caM aamnao aa sareaa xao lliTO je 6110 T:BOj CHH.
8JUl BHr,lJ,e

urryjy

jYHaIII'fBO.

Baure

31HlOKaKO

£,(I6.3HCK3

nzresrena

caM ca jJJiBJbelBeM

TeIlIK8!
OH je HHMaJIO

HeK8 je

BaBeKN

OJIarOCJIOBeHa

rsoja

lI;OjK3_

Majxo BH_xoja ra je
MJIeKa:

OTXpaHHJIa;

OIl ce. rrnxasao

nOfHHYO

CJIBBHO

Y3ueM.HpJbHBO saxyua AS ehl TH rpazaao rosoy, jep I1Ma xaoro aoraTe paje, rOTOBe Aa HaXpaHI:1 H uanojx A.1I6aHQ3 H300WJIHOM MeCH8TOM Tpne30M. 11 [a fiy yse« nOID'I'OBaTH oeaj KpOB DOlt KOjHM he KysM3HoBa M3jl<3 CHaCHTI4 CBOjy ropxy Tyry, Eao, ltaj€.Mo TJi pen, 11 saaj HHKa,U. ce aehe perm JJ:a je Aaeauau norasuo nary pes 11 3a~

KOjOj

ce

he

Be.npOM aapysjy no6ep,_e He 3aCTH..lleSIIIH CBOj POJ(. BHTelIlK8 Majf{O! CBeT8 he 611111 orpaaa y O.ltjeKHBClTH TBOj Iwaq Ii HHje)L8H xpariap AJl6aH,aQ aehe

ziocrojau

raor-a

XP8HJbl1BOr

YCY.ltHTH AB

rypne

xannjy

HJIPI

zra

I\JIeTBY !"
3aTHM ce CMHt:H:>HO carnynre npen XJI8LJ,HHMTeJ1QM Mpl'BaIJ,a~ CTeFJlH cy sepcro FberoBY )leCmHXY H 3aKJIeJIH ce CBOjOM - CBeTOM 6eCQM: "JYHaqe HaJJ. jYH3Il,I1M3! 3aKJUHbeMce oazre npe,n; JOOUM
.!La HHl<a)l,

uehy

yBpeZUiTl1 TBOjy

Jby6JbeHY

MajKYJ

HHTH

)lOnycHiTH,

1BOjy xyhy",

YKOJIHRO

crojn

)1.0 MeHe, .n.3)lpyrHcMpTHH

by yspena
nax

Bemis, Hel{a.n. neJI83n1. A K80 pH6a, nOnM2Ife fJIBBY

3Jl6aHCKOr

Taxo cy

C€

aaKJIeJIH

Fera, nena nJI€1deHHTOr I(03IeHB Hezra, KHQ rpoxoa rropaaeena,

H

qy~.

ynyTH
OHa

CBOj

BOj80.uy. Hajsan 11 nperosopn MY, jep je ryra [e 6eCHeo y IheHHM YCTflMa:

HeM8 rl.7J.eMeHHTW noraez y

ce

C BE'JIHKHM .

nanopoa

OKpeHY

rywUJI8

M8TepHHe

rpY.LlH
.

Ii rHeB
31.16· aa

.,,110 J{JIe
nOMMCJlll.?

here,
JIH'

JOll1

rpa6eif<, Kpa~e kI y6I1CTS8? 5e.n:Hl'IUI1! He ceaare je Hena BHO napa 31i1J1 Moim a }tenll1 ua Cs eBR unse ra? a

here

rp a 6Jb HBUH HOOCH

sa, pa36ojRHU,H,

rozaha,
l<POjHTM

C({P 11 BaTH
nJIaHOSe JIM

ce ,lJ,a aae YIJ1H ce ,lJ.HS. ...

33
.lbaQKI:!panyjere urro je Kysaan norauyo ' Ami Pexa he nOAldill H .apyre xpa6pe paruaxe, H IbHM3 hy [a 6HTH aojsona, H y ry~ CTHM mYM8Ma nparahy "frame rparoae 1[01{ H ja He noruaex 11.1111 sac He carpez I Illra he MI1 }KHBOT aKO He OCBerHM KpB CBOfa ,lI;eTeTa? Yrexa MH je 11,a y 6op6aM3 Ha~eM CMpT HJHI ncoenyt AI{O je TO BOJba 60lKja, pano hy ce OCJJ.OOO.nHTH rcmxor 6peMeHa )lOmOTa ,lJ,3 6HX oner ~H.neJla caora CHHa. A TH MH ysaJIYA XBaJIIHll KY3M8a-aKao jyuaxa Ha.n jYHaQHMa HaJJ. CM My aenpajarezs no Bep11. JYHalliTBO BapJbHBHX noxaana MaJIO Bpe,lJ,TI-,Henpajarezscxa cy ztaposu OMpa3HH. 1111MaJlO Me He paziyje seuan KOjH TIJIere 3JIOI:fHHa"IK3 pyxa, jep 3JIHKOB3U rajao aaxamrsa npyre 3JIO"lJ::fHe. Floxaane he My TIe-BaTM O)l(3JIOIlllreHH AJl6aHUH 11 AJ15aHKe, 'Ulje je MHJIe po~aKe KY3MaH noryeao. Ol:IH be pasHOC11TK

n.eroae nonaare xoje en M T'I1 CBOjPlM OtUIMa rneztao H acnpanoae.aao CM.HaM onae, Hpesra sauioj 33KJIeTBI1, AJI6aHa~ he CBOjy .nHeBHY l1CXpaHY TPS)f{HTH 0)1,
CJHlBY
M

u.eroay

npanosenabe

MHpHe paje Ii caxo

re 3BYl.]He pe'lIH

CTa je y lboj

opysrja H netiaae, 3 Hens je cnocotina na BaM MymKH Haa~e y cycper, 11 I{3.lI, 6a ce MHO'rH npnnpyaca.ra BaMa, OH3, ysnajyha ce y 60)J{Hjy nOMOTI eMeJIO he sac .LtOQeKanl II 60p6a he 6HTH aane-iaheua RPBJby. AJ1H nOllITO ere SB py~ KaMa HOCHJIH MpTBora KY3M3Ha rrpouramnn ztocra nyra, CMaTpaM Aa je HejYHal1KH na nOlJ.HeM 6op6y npernay sac 11 JJ.Y1KHOCT MH
J

he KY3M3HOB Kp03 H a3KJIeTBe He TIJI3IDe;

6HTll
Moja

nourreheu. AJIH Me je r<yha CBeTa, no-

je .113 aac nomryjev.

HeK8 ce CSaKM. on sac C3 QHCTOM caaetnhy aaxyue Y OHO aITO My je HajMMJIHje aa CBeTY JIa BPll1HTH OTHM3Y.HHY 11 UJbaQKY y rpaaauaaa MHorOHanaheHe Pexe. l1HaQe, JbY},:(H, Y3MHTe CBOjy a3KJIeTBY uarpar H HeK8 JOIl1 ,n8H3C nOQBe 6op6a, jep [a HHK3KO He Mory 6l:iTH cpehna Ka,n

Crora

Rene

MM

a8BUQaj aecpehau". ApHaYTH cy ce nyro ,lI.HBHJ1H CMMOCTH OBe }KeHe. H8J(38,ZI;, CBaK:M je OJ( lhl1X .aao sepy H aaKJIe'fBY npen MHoro6pojtU1M CKy-

je

.D;a uehe heae PeKe.

nOM

tpa6HTH

1:1 OTHMl;lTH

Y rpauanaaa

MHoroaans-

MarepHHe

;z:r,H}Ke MpTBaU8 Te)K8K reper, aaa JIaK 33 je uapon CY3HHX osajy K80 T8JIaC jYPllYO aa }bOM; KYHHa je xanaja 3alIlKpHOaJIa H '1YJIO ce xao HeKO PHxarse 6HKa. HH ne,1I}b8 npasnor MecTa Hwje OHJIO, Hft npoha ce ua]e MOrJIO. Illapoxo, orpaheso )(BOpHlilTe 6HJIO je nperryuo napona a MHorH cy [our OCTaJII1 HanOJbY. [OMHJIa je fJIe.n;aJIa- .raj Hezta

ORAa

pyxe;

8 ueo

npaaop c 60JIOM y .nYUIH; CB8KO BOJrl1KY3MaHa,maJIll ra, JKeJ!H na CTHeHe lberOBY XJIa,llHY, xaarehy ce pyKy l:I na ra ueaasa
y seao. Majxa, onrepeheua

uajyhH

ce none

ya perxe

cxynoueaax
6aC,aMaI<e

6peMeHOM,
BHCOKHX

.Tlyq

FOJlOfJJaBa, [ecreneanna 11 no3

34
JlOJI{M MprBa~a: n8 ysnaruyry rrOCTeJbY, r.lie je jeJ].Ha npecrapena
aaCTpBWM

686a . nOIC

XJI8.D,HOKPBHO

OyeKHBaJIa

nocrea.y

umpOKKM

CSIf-

JIeHI:fM aacrapasea.

116a60,. xaxo
C:aH

MO)f{eUI ceneta H

llpyrH

BPIHlITY

cpua y U:PHOj paca 6HJIa ftO MpaqHOra rpotia Pi seCTH CMpTHH c.rryqajeBt:i OK8MeHHJII1 cy I:beaO XJraAHO cpne, a llITHT MOJlHTSe OJ1.p}Kao joj je naxer. Kao crena xo]a pa36Hja oeCHe T3Jl8Ce, OHa HH cyse He acnyurra .H MHpHa CJIywa aarJIYWHN. OB:care, OHa [e cBy~JIa MpTB8JJ:a 1I OHAa cy cc 1l00{SsaJIe xaoro6pojHe pane. MajKa, BHIleBillH pane, 06JIJ£SeBe KPS.Thy, 1I.pXTeHa CBI1M CBOjlfM TeJlOM, K30 ,n:8 je rOijH Epaaaje (Bor ocsere), nOKpH
HeOCeTJbHBa

Ta

IlJIa4y ?~~ crapaua rapnora

ocnparsaa

a .ll.a He

rrponajem

HM cyse

je XOTHHa, OHa je Maore

-GlJM H8

pYl{8Ma

CBOjHM

11 H:.HxajyhI1

f1I3BY

K80

nrro

ce ffiHX3

JIHCT

)lpseTY, nane j3,lI,HS nO-JIYMpTB8. OAM8X cy joj ce npHTeKJ1e HeKe )KeHe) ;lU1rJIe ey ie MprBO o.JI.e)lY H noseze cy lla ojaheuy MajKy noaaasjy X)JB,l[HOM BOllOM· no TeMeHYrJIaBe .n.OE{ ce HHJe OCBeCTHJI~l. .IlyOOKO je ysnsxnyaa H OTBOpHJIa Q1JH. Ami a8111TO

ax je

OTBOPHJI8?

Oner

sa apyhe

cyse,

38 OJI8q

Ii 6eCKOHaliao

)I{8Jhelbe!

11 nQJIO)KuBUIH y 1<OPI1TO rOJIQ TeJIO, cTapHga je not{€Jl8 CHnaTl1 TOIIJ1Y BO.n_y KOjy [e, jao 1 caaa Hena 6HJI8 enpexana. Hanana ce jaJl.IH:1u:a .aa ra }l{HBOra orrepe! Y UpHO o6YQeHa erapaua np8JI3 je MpTBO KY3M8HOBO rezo fl HCToBpeMeHo y rajaH. crseao] THillHHM je2l;HOJIHKO OneBBJIB narn,e JOBa II HCMejaB8JI8 je ·CBa aeMOJbCf(a 6JIara_ neCM8 joj jeOHJIB 6e.3ocehajHa KaO H csa
j'beH8
KOjH raca

rrpHJIHK8,

aJIH ce lIS lbeHJJX

TaKO It

ycrajy

H3J1HB8J1a xao

BOTQK

6HCTpe cTpyje fI 13H6JIM.ja l{ao CJI8,lJ.a-K 6aJIC8M YMI1.pyje CB3KY J(YlueSHY ryry, A I-beRO je npnvau.e .lU1paJIO cpua ,iKeH3 xoje cy ce.aeae OKO tse, CaMO je janaa Heaa TyroBaJI8 H aaje XTeJI3 HM: .ua ~yje aa [{aKBY yrexy. OeCM3 ce Ben 6JIUJKHJI3 -CBOM xpajy H BeIllT3 GTapldIJ,3 je seh 6PiJI3 onpaaa MHOrOanJIaKHaauor MpT:B8IJ.3, jYH3Ka ea Pexe. OHa [e KJIHMHYJIa t.n3BOM ocra,JIliM }l{eM3MB J{3 ycnpaee jieao KaD npoaehao usehe KY3MHHOBO l'IeCKOBI1TOM

rene no

I{OfH1TY, Byqe· JIaraHO

}[{ei)

rrYTHHKOBY,

je

'reno. MajKa je npaa

aao
BH.l(Hy c:aHJIeHY

npauina

cpeopaor

nayLJHHy Ii 33TUM pe)lOM Y )leJtOBe 06JI3t,mo y seceae npaaaa-me .nane. Taxo y3 KPIllHY .n.eBojaqKY rrecay 06JI3t,le MJI3,n;OiKelbY sa :aeHGalbe. TaKO 06Yl.leH3 Ii cjajaa npeaeme KySM3R3 Y BHCOl<Y
KOWYJbY IG:lO

yseo ll,BeT8K; a
Q,l(eJIa xoje

crapana

6ea

BeJIHKor

ra OjJ.M8X

o6yQe

uanopa
y

)1,HfJl3 Ii

fa

T,3HI{Y

npo-

je KYSMaH

<:TeJb.y,. lKeHe,
OI{O Inera.
.oBaKO

caJIY,

n.HBHy

J1spaJI,Y, H il:OJFOlK.mlle ra H3 Me«y no«oje cy BO,lJ,H.JIe npsy peg y TyiKelhY. nocenaae cy Hena je npsa ornoaeaa IIeqYBeHY 1{OTJIe TY)J{6aJIlfUY.
YMeTHWqJ(Y

Pasoapymeae

xoce,

ca pYK3Ma

ua Ky.3Mau,OBUM rpy,UHM3, QHa je

sa CBOjHM ce .-uparHM )J,8 .neTeTOM: MJIa.lle C8J1M

oTnOQe.JI3

CBOjy TYH{6aJUIU;Y

panocne

" KY3MaI-Ie, CI1He KY3MaHe! Han8JIa C3M necae o6JIaQe sa MJIa.1l0melhY HIla

re

y osoj

y3

onje-

35
·~1{yje MHOrOCTpYKO caanoeao KOJID,. HaM3JIaHHM UBeneM je 31111ap "yKpaCHO 3H.uOBe I{ TaBaR OBe M.Jl8,ll.OlKeJ-bCKe C3JIe. CBelJ:8HO CM.Q 'raojo] sepeaaua nocnana llOCTO}He caantieae ,ll.apOBe. 0 Cy,u.6HHO, 3aSH.llJbHSa Henauo] cpeha l Te cazta, CH'Re, MeCTO CBa,ll.OeIie necue UI CJIY1ll3rn 'JlY}K6aJIHUY, Ii MeCTO cserae OpaQHe co6e .npercroja TI1 'Mpaqaa CTaH, Y XJIa.uHOM rpotiy I Jao, ja aehy .up}i{aTH !fBOj nopon na CBOjHM pYK3lVIa I Ta CH 6»0 reMeJn Moje Kyhe, C To60M ce MOj pon yraca ; HeM3M npyrora zterera, He ocraje MH zrpyre Ha,1J,e.DOlKe, CTBQPlfTeJbY csera, yraca ce pen .6JI3iKe HOllO QHBIUer Pana t ETO, can je MpaK ana (CMpT) HeMllJIOCPAliO nporyrao je,n,HHH rseroe H3)l.aRaK.- Crojxo je 6110 je,lI,HHO .nere Pa,rr.a, a TH je)l.HHO CTOjKOBO nere. CBI1 BH nanocre sao 'CJIaBH11 6oplI.H y 6UTKa'Ma! Jao, BemH<a Me ryra .a.aBH! HOBa paaa orsapa crapy : nauac OnJIaKyJeM QAje)J;HOM H CHH3 If MY)I{a.
-Jaziaa ja, ca6Jba ca }1,Be OlliTPHUe npoceua MH

[our

aJI.6aHCI{a Il.:T.leMeH3 ca CTpaXOM H rpeneroa

raora

oua, nrapoxorpynor

cepziapa Crojxa,

csarnaura.er

cpue, VI ,IJ,aRac aaroaapajy lIMe

upaja-

TeJha noriene, ROjA HX je naaurao KBO UlTO rJla1I.HH opao rIJIaliUI ·3e4eBe xana aa fuHX uarrana. I'loraayo je 60pelm ce y lle6pLtH -ca ;UepBHlll-MyqOM. Te6e MH OCTal3R 6e60M y KOJI.eBUli; pacrao
'CH aecec

'roA 6n;na

H uacaemea, 6yjaH KaG 6WJbHH H3~aHal(; II xan caa TY}l{Ha VI }KaJlOCHa, TId CI1 MH 6110 jeaaua yrexa, jenaaa panocr. Ca aaROCG;M ca .ll.31-bY nouy cnymao IiI 0 nO){BH3IIMa caora oua, xoje CaM T.ll [a npasaaa. Byzryha CTaJIHO 3aMHIIIJbeB, 1l.:H5e'ranao ca BeJU:HCY rpajy CBOjUX apuneaxa, QBPCT3 je 6~t71a rBoja ·O,llJlYK8. YCHY CH cneaao 6HTKe, a ua [asa Hrpa4K3 T11 je 6HJIO

I.opymje.

Bunte can nyra nOCMaTpaJI3 HaKO nauieru TeIIIKY ca6.Jhy crynaur, na ronoparn uexe rajaucrseue .pexa MHcnehH na 611TKe 11 oxpmaje. A «an MaJIO nconpacre,
·H 1'I0HOC111'0, nOHOCI110

en )leJIa on KOjHX je nOJlpXT3B3JIO CBaKO uerrpajare.ecxo KOJIeJ:lO, -re caM us ycra TBOjuX aenpajarersa cnyuraaa cseace
SpliHIO

senne,

OOXBaJIe

urrpaue
T.H

oua, xao uruua y

H'e"llYBeHa

npenoponu

xoje

cnasuy PeKY tcoja,

OIIlTpH!vl OPJIOBHM

HMKa.u He BeRY.

Taoja

carin-a ca nse O> nOCJIe CMPTH CJI.3BHora

,rHYCHi:lX

He.u,eJf3 .1hYTHX Apaayra.

Sa,llOBOJbCTSa;

...nere, .1la 611 .llo6~w JIOBOPUB aeuau

.nocroje

'PM ca.aa aecrajeur, nparo y OHOM 6JIa)J{eHOM CBeTY rne

ce

KaHl,IaMa,

naruna

[e 0)1

a.eroso uapys]e, HCnpI'P!3j My CBe UlTO eM ypanao Y ·-6op6H sa OT3v6m·IY. 11 OB, paruapamna caoja aapynja sa [yaaxa"cvma, CJIaTKO he re IIOJhYOHTH, na MO)K,ll,a he YCKOPO M [azma Hena 6HT11 caysecuana Y aauro] panocra:'.

xaxaor YXO BeKOBl1 npoaaae Y -bern y paCU;BeT3JIoj

1(0.710,

CMpTHHX JbY.Ll.H aaje HH qYilIQ ziecan ; OH)le rne necensy xao lJ:aCOB"'H, rne HeM a crapocra, rae
JU1Ba,llH BIdlf.eTH csora oua. OaIJ,HBiliH

OHJI.e rzre

OpH 60.>KaHCTBeHO

ce y cseroj

Taxo je Hena TY}lO'lJIa ... a theHe ey cyae ottl1 6I-iJIe xao map upsene, .jep lheHe cyae, KOj~ cy xao BpeJIO Id36HjaJIe, cymane ce S OlJMMa YC;7Ie.u spyhe ynyrpamrse ryre.
3*

36

Me~YTHM r-ycro
H.8l:UiQKaaH

cy

*
}KeHe CB0jl1M aanesxaua
;
CBOjHM

ornovene
npH;upyzKWO

OnIIlT~ na-.
HM

PO.nHO ormaxaaarse

cnorsa. .Ilsa CIGIa)lHa meR-eRa xopa nesaaa cy pe~ajylm CBe I1lTO je KY3MaH xanerau aa csor lKHBOTa ypa,1I)JO H peK30. Ko 6H 6HO Y CT3l-bY )la ncnpaxa CBe UlTO aceae peljajy onuaxyjyha MpTBaua? OBaMo cy 6w.rre ,lI.QIIIJIe H OnJIaRHaapon

aanesarsea

ce

HI

BanE MpTBaua H MaTepe

je onacsyn
TyTlhHJIa

jYH3Ka ROjW cy 6BRH y KY3MaHOBOj nepsoj .nPY.IKHHl1 H xoja cy [om JIemaJiH uecaxpaiseua Y eeJIY CTaHY, re cy 6HJlH H3JIOiKeHM ITJIef'IY opnoaa H naca. Kyha
OEUX

OJ( I{YI{l-baBe...

OH.lI3

je Hena

6p30

K30,

jeaen YCT8JIa H orpsaaa y ropa.y HYJI3 H npeKOpHJIa HapO)I.:

co6y

rfbeBOM je Y3BHKnpOJIHS81'e B3M3

,,0,

JbY)I}I,

Te2R3UH!

ysaayaue
aaxora
a

ynyrare

KpOKa H O,ll, Bora

ce sepua

cyae? OCT3BI:ITe nnan

3allno

naauere H

11 Ka02KeHe

I{OJIH({O je Meijy

jynana,

OHHY.. MpTBe
nOI1]TeHO

CMeCTa KOJIa~ y CTaB. Tavo Jre}{{e no 3eMJbJ1 HeYKonaHH xpaopa, KY3M3HoBa sera, HeBf:IHa JKpTBa aa MHJIY OT3I;Il1BPCTl:lX

PYEY,

jYH3Ka:

ynperuare

oap

JII1K3

uarpazia

CaXp3HI1TH

ztajre HX caojy
nopexaa

lbMXOBHM MHJlY

xarepaaa xoje he ys OJIatl. zteuy; jep je ITJI3l:J H rpo6 secy ce AHfJrB

It

YMpJUiMa". HM

Jour
ce qeTI-lpH BYKJI11 cy
1{3TpaHOM

uaje

...

OJ.(Max

ycrrpaaaaa
113·

MJ!3lI,3

rpoja Kana. HaMe~THJlH cy xpacrose

TOq}{OBe
npn nYTeM

11 AH4Ha

MOMK3,

CBH apunsaua,

OCOBHHH H
upue

IH':TorO)])1II1fuMX

BOJlOBa

Bory

iii nOIllJIH
OJ{

cy
cy

,llJIaKe.
npexo 3

ynperaa y caaxa KOJIa nap" VI3 ,il.Ha cpua nOMo.nHwe ce

ilJIaHMHe. 03HojeHH

rrpevare,

H Tpqetm

HaMa33JIH

Of(OMHTe

BOJIOBH JKypHO

urxpnnaase

rpzsaa,a

H3npe.IJ,OBaJJH, OGOBHH3. npeJl.BO,l7,HO

Cenu,

no nyTy ce pasaeraao
MHorOHCKYCHM nOBOpl{Y. OBY

uryxao.

M MHOrO·,

nponarrrstna

crapau

je

llOK

ce Koja je TO .n:eBojKa? joj oran TOMa nonarao

xnoro 118 ca 38NaT8 xoje

pasura

ce CBe OBO Jl.ell13B3JIO, jenna y xpan-roj c0611:1 OrrJI3KHB3JIa

UPHOOK3 Mapa, rseroaa aepeuaua. je na nsy CBY C80jy uany. 3H3Jla

otiaan.ajy

jBAHa je csora

zteeojxa,

zrpyra

3aTBO·.

KY3MaH8.

neaojke
OHJlO

611.710rronohy

HfJIe,

ncaohy

je OB8l He2KHHM CBOjHM pYKBMa

CTapMI

gyHKa.

0,

oua

uaje

OTHWJI8,

HMKa, jep je y PeKM cpaa 11 DOKOP na ce -iyje .uesoja4KH jeuajl: neBojKe .H.O caoje Y.lla,I1.6e, xao oeaaaaene nrnue, croje aarsopeae Y; KaBe3Y H nJIHBajy y xaocy MHCJIH, If caao HX je)lHHH Bor BH,lUL 11 3B)I.OBH )I.OllYJl8

HeKOJIl1KO

JIOrpe6Hl1X

ll,BeTOB3

OI<BTM r.rraBY

csora

sepe-

co6e 0.n:6Hjajy
H.

IhHXOB

nJIal.J

Y l:beHoj ce
-

npacax.
orau,

TKyhH BeCHHK

nJIaTHO,

OHa

[e

rJr3SH

nusene

jaBJh3TI1

OH.I{a
KOM

y O~HMa: ".llpara KTIepH, ropxe cyse l KY3MaH

cy3a

ce DC>Ka33o 11 lheH CTapH

uecpehe,

upue Ml1CJIH ..
c nOToA

y3BHKHY

je nao

.n:OIDJlO je y CT8HY, y6HBen, a,lIH

OR, - ..

BpeMe sal n06eLtHHK~

37
'tlia.n
HenpHjaTeJbeM.

nenojica, yrajasurn npen ouea jaz; CBOfa -cpna, noxasa l\'lI1PtHJM I1 He sanaaxa, Ben je casro noriaenena, nom:YTElJIa xao rrpoaanan 111ifJu16ap. Crapau je ycxopo raaamao ~HCJIehHl:la ~epH.11.6y C .llPYfWM MOMKOM. JaJUH:'Jf(! OR He"3Ha ,ll.a ~lHiKa.n Y CBOM )f{flBOTY nehe .lI.P)f{aTff Y PYKaMa, HHTH he sarpJIHTH YHY~l1ha y nosojana l A .aenojxa, OCTaBilIH caua, 36aUHJfa
CKPOMll8 je

-.JJ:oceJKe

TaJI.a ce

no

nerieca

Y xyh« I"

oITJ1aKY1Y ra JKeue y

U,PHHHH H n.naq

. cana je ca .naa cpua. Paernreaa [e nyra4.Ke rtnereuane 11, npeaapyha CBOjy 3H1)eocKY J[eno1'Y, nocyaa je nencacsr CBOjy tcoapnany

6eJIy 1'v1apaMy C

r:T13Be, np0J1HJI8 - nOTQK

fOPKHX

cysa

yaJI.H-

.xocy, Bpxurrana
"Jao
aame
6eJIa

AaIla HH pa,lJ,OCTH. Mojli1M c.Y3aM1 HeMa I<paja Ii CaMO hy y rpo6y Hahe 6aJICaM CBOjOj nymcano] paHJ1! KY3M3He, KY3MaRe, HaKO Me TO uanynrraui, rne OCT3BJbarn npary CBOjy sepe'HHU.Y? Hehy re same .BH)leTH aa BpaHOM KOlby ca cjajacx no';6ell,HOM 38CT3BOM, HJ.iT(-l Y BeCeJIOM I{PlIJHO)\.1f<OJlY Me~y aeCT3WHI!IM apuneauaaa I Ax, aainro HaC8M nOCT:l.JHl TBOjOM npyrapanox,
xao

syna,

je H I1.rraK3JIa H OBaKO jao ryre, .1la necpehuor

je

TY}l{HJla;

)Lalia!

3a MeRe HeMa

BI1Te.S ca )J,3

Ca6JbC?M

Y PYUH, na

11 na yMpeM
HItHy

pacrpraee

sao

6paHI1JIau!

raoje

MeCTO Te6e ja llOtJeKaM MeTal{ nOTII1 hy xao S8KXaHTKHlh3 y ITJIa-

KPBOJIOQHe

~ce nname oOjHe aarpe; pyxa -33M<:\ y.3JJ:Hhn csoj rnac npen OJITap -Te, KY3M8He, rrexaxo, ca2Ka.7H1BITU:l
lKHBOTy •.. AJIH KOjH

y6HtJ,e. AJU·t, [ao I MI'1 je l:leMolma... fOPKHM

.ileBojKe

hy cyCBeBHII1Ibera! na MO)f{)l,a he ce ua Moje MOJr6e, BpaTl1TH

he, poljeH on MsjKe., 1136eha CTaHHIllTe A,l(3 "(T.j. CMpTH)? CMPT je. MohHa! 3ap he 50r Me_HH aa Jby6as H3MeTil-lTM se me 331{OHe npupone '? l,06yhH hy U.pHy pacy H 6l1hy 6o}t{Hja CJIY>K6eIHuJ,3 ,IJ,3 He

·on

};JUKO caprau xorao, MaKap l:1M,aO H aH1jeJICKY JIeJ10TY, OCKBPJHHTH Moje .u,eBYI4aHctBo, re xaxo OHX )1,aHOHofiHHM IlJIatJeM II nHCKQM YMHJIOCTHBHJI8 Bora JI,a Me urro npe cnoja C TQ60M Y ,noKojy npaBe,llJIHKa. __ 4ecTo caM TM fOBOPHJI3: JlKy3MaH~, He -craarsaj fJI3BY Y Top6y y l<pBaBHM 60p6aMa!" AJIH TH, BHTe3 Ha,ll BM're30Bl'fMa, BOJIeG eM ,lJ,a cse 113JlO>KH[11onaCHOCTi1 pa)JJ'I 38-

.urrare
Ii

uecpehnaxa.
CHY

lHe 3aKJIOnH cxae

tern MH CE' jaszsara OH3K3B I{aI{aB CH 6110 onae aa ·3eMJbI1. Jao, 11 'I'M, cyuue japxo, zrauac 6am TaKO CBeTJIO cajarnl 3ap lie nonrryjenr jynaxa ? YraCH ce TaMO aer.ae Y DReaHY H He
Y
H3JI33f1

11 eTG, I\:1pTaB ca Ben! [!l JJ:Of{ MUBe4HH CaR xarrxe, r<lIe.:rr.ahy Te cjajaor, y H~MOj Tl1illHHH,

To je ona
oKpeT3TH 11

amue xan MH

Beft

HeMa

KY3MaHa!"

113rOBOpl1J1a.,.

11 Haje.lI.lfOM xao nOMaMHa no-re

,li)a36alJ,HB8Tl1 naaeurraj, a ryra joj cse aaure 11 . BIHUepaCJJ;a. Taxo je Mapa OnJJaKHB3JIa HajMIulHjera, aajnpaacera 'CBOM cpuy. . OHaMb, 6JIH3Y CN1a faJIMql:lI!H<a, Y3,IJ,I-J}Ke ce 6peacy.7baK, ~o6paC'Fao Bp6aMa. Ilopen tsera [e speno 6HcTpe BOJI,e H aaoI KOJJO, c xpaja H3 iepaj, }f(y60pH pe4HlJ,a; H3BMja ce H aajyra HaG

38
rM113aBllu,a H HOCH Ol1CTPY 11 npOBH,QHY KaO KpMC'faJi sony., TeIIlkO .n;a HK8)J, TY.lla npoztpe spare CYHua. Tauo aajnpe, aa ce-.
3MHja HOBHTHM

rpauaxa,

S3KYf{3

KYKaBfIll,8

3SYKOBe li oojaan.yje
y XJI8)I,OBHHH,

.l(o.rra3aK

nponeha.

H3JIllBajYHI1

He>KHe, cerse

Tano, xpaj

crapax sp6a},"

YMOPHOM H 33MHlllJh€lHOM nyTHHKy, I{OjH ca 33HOCOM caynra }f{y6op sene Ii nrasje I{BpKYTaI:he, He OlIJJaSM ce aaxacpna, A H BeCeJI3j HaCMellIefla npapona nianhe My: ,,40BeQe, OCTaHH Ty jour MaJIO!" Taj je 6pe)f{y.tbaK BeqHJ<l craa nOKojHH1{a H Y l::beMY ce l:JYBa· npax yMpJIHX 113 cezra raJIWIHHKa. UapCKH PYKOTBOPHl:f BpTOBH. HHCY TaKO npHBJIa4HH. JelIHHO Ty pacre PI 6exapa H MOApa !hY· 6H411U3, eM6JIeMa )f{8JIOCTft, re H3f.ue1I8 I{SO AS cy rpocoaa aa .. crprx

ce HH nearsa 3eMJbe He Mome caraeaara. OyTHHK ce join H3,l1,a·JleK3 3aYCTaBJba ocerasnra rrpajarna MI1PH.C Jby6Hq.Hue; OK 3a60MapaMH onaaxyje OHO urro joj je HajMHJIHje. Ha apxy 6pe)KYJbK3,._ MaMe~y QCTaJIHX rpooosa, ItICTI1Qe ce jenan rpoti 113 6eJIor 11 4J1cror MepMepa. Ha IlJIOqa je YMeTHaQ({M HCI{JIeC3Ha JI06afba ca OCr8JIHM 3H3.UI1M8 CMpTH. non MepMepHoM KpC'P3YOM, ca sananne

nrapeuaa

heJIHMOM:

TO je

usehe

TaKO rycro

I:J3paCJIO .ll8·

paarsa

3a rpeayrax

KYJl3

ce ynyTYIO. Tajro \IeCTO »ceaa Y UPHOj

)J,Hou:e. Ty nOlJHS3 iearreraa Ky3M3H I Je)JJIOM y rO,UHHU pexa-. ..7U1CKe }l,eBojKe ca Bel'HJ,11Ma o.a Jby61'1tl:[Hl.I,a neisy ee ua BPX roraope*YJbK3 11 TyH<HHM raacoa onesajy KY3M3Hoay cnany. AJIR-CBaKe sesepa, xao uohua aser, TaMO xoaa JI,eBojKa y U,PHOj paca..

crpase,

oraopena

je pynana

If

y isoj naa.y

uoay

LJKl1JbI1

KaH-

rrorypena.
HHlJKM

Y PYl1.l1 joj sejranaua,

KaMJI,H01l3. JIOOaI-bY H,

caruse sejrau

If

,LJiafbY

Ii

aohy

onpxcaaa 60KO pace.

GBeTJIOCT

Oua Jby611411I1,aMa

OBeHLfaB3 cyse,

YMe-vTHXO·

n.rase 11 TY)K63JU1uaMa onesa xojera

YBeI<

zenor MJIa)1,l1na. AJIa ce Y lbeHOM nOFJIeJJ.Y jacno . BH)lH Mp3lJHa JJ.yureBHa cera, a aa J-beHOM MJla,llOM,. rJlaT}{OM 4e.JIY,·
HaCJlHI<aHa

csor nepeauxa. To je Mapa, l1.YO)K3J1oIJ.IfieH3 TOMIdHa hepxa. lbeaa JIenOTa jom caja acnonHaea 6JIarH 110TJIe.lI,saaeo 611 y can-e H MklCJIH H"e2KHy nymy-

HCKJIeeaHY

rrpo.aasajyha

ropxe

ron

je

,1ly60K3

ryra,

O)K3JIOmTIeI-I3

OHa

CJIY2KH

A pyaca sa .fbeHOM JIHI1;Y YBeJIa je O)J, cere, OHa 4eSHe 11 OIlaA3 K30 socax H3 ITJl3MeHY. KJIOHehH ce .uPYUITS3, OHa je 113 [(aHa y .Il,8H nocrajaaa CBe CYMopHHja_ -lecro je uianyraaa 33 ce6e uexe rajaucreeae pesa, a CeJb8lV1 cy je Ha3ftBaJUI JIYJlOM. Czrena npocjax, 4YBeHH nesax, csapajyha us ,D,BOHOi4HHM! rYCJl3M8, nesao Je oay neCMY, 11 ja caM je T811HO npH6eJIe)f{Ho.
'R. J.
Tlpeseo,
l{HCeJ1HHOBIi hi npodi ..

uanopua nyuresna paznsa. Taxo aa-. y 60)J{wjeM ,D,OMY xao MOH3XHfba •.

39

HAPonHE npM~E MS OXPMAA

Caynao 'Th.
KHCemfHOBHh

. 1) OCYM JAJUA TOKMY MAHI)A

Hexoja aceua cexora ce
OTY He. M02K'ftT Aa jajr, KO aa 60.1JU3: .lleOeJI3
DJla"lEMa 6HJI8,

npen

A rrax )KeH3Ba na
H

zia BH)1,3M IlIqD Ii je ua 2KeHaBa H sanrso He jajT". Taja FO nOnpaTHJI3 11 -roj I13JterOJl U3 n31'.Ha spara. nOTeM Many apexe RaK ce spa'razr, 3Ma 6e3 )J,a ro BHJI,MT }KeR3 My. Ce i{8qMJI rope aa TaBaR H OT TaMO I'JIe.llaJI urso npajar .>KeRa My.

Eaea

upaeaa

M8}f(OT OTY je 60JU-Ia, He ce nYJIeJIa coeex snpasa.

BH)l,OM He

nea

Ma}KOT

CPInOMHCJll1: "net{eCK8

o.rr.aM aa pariora,

Kora cropana no xyha, ro seaa TPIraHOT 11 KJIaJIa Mac; sena najaua H OCyM jajna, H HCKpIUI1JIa ,BO najnnara. Bo TO apexe
KOMIllllcpKa BHKaT.

aexoja
ROj

je

Bo

je BHKH8Jla

O,lJ,Ha,L(BOp.

Ta

H3JI(~rJI3

):I,a BF1lT.HT

TOj Ifac MaE je CJlerQJI 01' -r3SHId, CKPlllHJI BO

najunara

ynrse

OCyM jajua
ca

H nax CM ce l<aQH.71 na T8BaH.

H HCnp}l{HJI3 jajQ3T8 CHTe. H

jajr. Jajr, jajr, aMa He MO)KHT }l3 Ii J'l3ejT H3eJIa~ a noaojuara crojer, Ta ca BeJIHT:
r
0CIIO}lM,

Ceznie raja

,IJ,OIll?I3,

Do .nojnara

q,aTl1JIa

Jl.a
Ii

aJn~ CyM 60Jrfla, aJUI tie ce IIo60Jb3M? 3amtIo He MQiK2M .n.a H 113e,ll.3Mjajuasa .u:eHeCK3? GeYM jajua TOKMY MaBl,Ja, a .JJ;eHeCKa nrxo yaep B3Ka nrso He M02KaM ,n:a J1 H3eJJ,aM?1 Tora CJIerOJI Ma}K je 1i je Bf:fKHaJI: - DOJIHa en, 3? De ce n060JIHIll? 39.Ill1.IO ce urecaajcer ..
3aTO He MO}KJ{W

tYM

jajua 60JIHa. Je uanpaapaa

na

11

asejm,

KYQKO

enaal Karanea
CBe

CH TIi

CO 0-

y60

H 01'

rora

sene

sajenao janene,

2) E.llHA MOMH4KA H APAMMJA Ca 6HJIa ezraa MOMHtlKa. Ca I1MaJIa MajKa, TaTKO, opa-rja iii cecrpa. Enua seuep one OT xyha ourae aa rocra. <P Kyi'm OCT3HaJI:I MOMMY-KaTa C8Ma 1(a je sapnar xyhara, 3a .na neje caaa, raja ca BHKliaJla APYWKH 01" KOMI11HHTe. 11 raje, urso .aa npajar? Ajae, eH pexae, na nanpaer IIMTYJIHUH na qepenHa. 'Fie npaer H he ce neceaer.
rOCTHHKI1Te

noaojaara aM6apoT
H, He

pur

arpane, rreeae, ce BeCeJIeJIe. Ilpajeaa, npajeaa IIHTyJIF1ll.H, rcauia je uanpajaa.. 11 KO nYJU:lT ua aM6apoT aa DMTyJII1UH HeM ar, AM6apOT nax ce no,n:OTBOPI1J1 MaJIO KO TH rzrenar, paxa Mallll{a. BHJIa yMHa, ra ce CTOpu.JIa KO na KJ1aJIa ll,HKa'T 11: MM peHJI3 aa )J,pY~Hre MOMHtJKI1: - Ex, lUtJQ he H upajae m-nYJIHUHSe co ope]! Tie ce CTO~
,llOL\:IUI3.

)],oMaiH1'HI<aTa nel:JeJIa naTYJU1QH

H KJIaBaJIa aa

aM6ap,

EBo, jac 'he npaau, a BI1je jajre, Taja neseaa, a raje jane. DeQI1, jaaa, rre"llH, [ana, xamara

40 ce
CSpIIlHJI3. YWlIe aexoje apeue rroce.neae, 01 nonejae, eM 00arpaae, ee nOBeCeJIMJ1e. Cenue peIlIMJIe na ca JIerHeT na CITMjeT. 11 eII JIerHaJIe. ct>aTH.JIe na rpseer. 11 .n:oMaiUfHKara ce ql1 HeJIa KO _n;a cn ajar H 6HJIe KO JI.a je aacrrana nOfJIOOOI{O all npyhure.

Bo

H3JlerOJI
sere na

nO,llMp.D.BeJIe 11 jervreHOT nanH1;I3JI Ha aeMj3. HajO.lJ,33Ill1 je I(JI3JI jervrea H U3 .lI.oMaiuHlxara, Taj a Mq He Mp)lH3JIa. Ko nrro ro f(JI a.rr, jer JIeHOT nOTOH3JI BO norara IJ raja [JaK HLj He MplI,H3JIa lJo cnajar, Ko BH,ll.eJf raxa, apaunjara caeroa .uOJIY H H3JlerOJJ H3 uar ,lla je BH1(ar .n:PYl:IUIH3 T3. 80 TO npeae ,l{oMaluUIK3r3 co 6p311H3 CJIerJI3 no Hero Ii je aaTBOpl1Jl3 rrarnara Bpara, Kora ){OITlOJI apauajara co .D;PY)KHHara, rryJIHT BpaT3T3 aarnopeua l Typra'r, He ce OTBnp3T. Ko rypaaa £Prop nar, raja 6HJI3 'rape aa neuuepa Ii BMKHaJJ3: Koj rponar - Ax,~· pe~oj[ TOj, UllIO MPI uanpaj 1'11! Bape ztaj M[{ ja carijara, MH OC1'aHa BO aM6apoT.
M3JIY

o.n: aM6ap) 3en oroa-jeraea. care MOMI·ftIKH. fOeTlBiKHTe

aM6apOT

6aJI enea

apaaaja.

Kora BH.lI.eJI ory sacrraae; Jer JIelfOT ro KJI3BaJI aa HO-

CJIerJIa
Ii

DYlIlqH
J(OJIY.

ja paxara,
TOj

aa T11 ja carijara,

My T3

peKJI3 ra £<0

Je nywqJ:fJI My je npeeexaa

paxara. ,UpyljHTe apaaaa, KO

pakara

,n;a je

3eMJ.:fT

caejara,

ro y.n.pHJI8
Hem40,

BM)J,eJIe TO

ce paa6era.ne.

3) CBE lIIl(O PO}l{J.IAT, M YMHPAT

)KeHa
AM3

Hexoj-ca
My

noriapaa
Bpan1JI

OT KOMwl1jaTa
aa

Ka3aH

JI,8 rrepxr

}KeRa My.

ncnpaaa

H CeJI.He I<yrrHJI

eAliO

I<OTJIe,

ro

IOJaJI

BO xa-

aaHOT H My [0

- Eso, - My peKOJI, - )la eTe ).I([1BI1, capmarp pa6ora. xaaanorp BI1 pOJI.H KOTJIe Ii eBO BH ro uccax H KOTJIeBO. Florea aexoje speMe TOj narc ro nOC3K3JI K8aaHOT 0)( MCTl1jOT

xouurujara

KOMllJI1jaT3 co pa aoc craaan M My ro )1,aJI, aam-io ce H8)leB8JI Dry narc he My P0,ll.H1'. 01' KO l1CnpaJI3 acena MY, lJOer<:OT KynHiTI e.aao jaMaqe. I'o 1<JI8JI jaxauero BO ({8aaHOT, My ro OJ{HeKOMIlIHja.
COlI H a KOMIIIHj

ara

H My

Be.JIMT:

.n.8BaJI,

c.e aaztesan cry nax ne P0,IU:1T. APHO 3Ma xoexorp, CBpmMJI pa60T8, He ro BpaTWJI xasauor uaeztnym. E)l,eH. )leA My IIOTpe.6aJIe napfl. OLllOJI -iapruaja H r o npo.aan I{a3aHOT. Kaj I<OMITll1jasa IIaK lIeK8JIe 11,8 liM ro aparar Ka38HOT, 11 GBe HeMaT .a.3 ro BpaTH'!. Hajceuae omzre na My ro uoriaper H My BeJIaT: - A 6pe KOMllH:rja, l(aMO ro K333HOT? WqO He ro .n.OHeCl1W?
3aW40 OT KO ca

11.3CTe }IUHm; cera BM pOJl:H ezmo jaMelle. HOTeM nexoje speae na 40eKOq, nax My norpeoaa Ka33HOT. OWOJI xaj KOMlllMjaT3 F:I My ro n06ap3JI. KOMI1lHjar8 co hej¢ ro
Kas8HO<p,

Eso ro

41
AMH Ra3aH01' yMpe. 3ap He pastipaqrre BHje?

A 6pe 1'11 eli 011JI 6YJJ.aJIa! Kaj yJ\ulpaJI xaaau ? Cera CyM 6Y,I(8JIa, )l,8Ka yape, 8 1<0 poacnaure, He ~6e<p 6y .n.8JIa, a ? - A ope, 360PBH apuo , K3KO ce M01KeJIO ,JJ.ayM'PllT xaaau? AMH TO nrro POJKI)3T Ii yxapar.
Kora
BIf.lleJI OTY ~a3aHOT He

:"1llH.jaT3 CTOPH.'II .llaBHja

HOT

M02B:llT ,1l.3 ca ro 3eMHT, KOM~ aa xazmja. Onnre xa] tcazrajara aaenno

. )J,Baju8Ta KOMIlHU1. DPBO

aa saex:
-

nporopan

onaj

UIqO

ro

aeMan

xasamqo

Ka.lJ,H -

e<peH,LI.H,he Te OrUI'T8.M uemso: allH He.?

OHa HeII}lIO

pO)KI;laT yMHpaT

Ii

Ezsetiere,

rrpecYJl.H Ka)l,HjaTa,

CBe

llJllO

pJKI.,IaT,

YMHpaT.

4) D.SE3AJQHHA
E~eH l.JOeK eli KYOI1JI nne aajaana. E,lJ.HYIll, kora OIllOJJ ua «aepe, ro 3eJI e,UHOTO 'CO ce6e en, a npyroro ro oCTajJI JJ;OM3.Ha Ka¢e fO OnHTBeJIe: - 3alIl"lo ro HOCHIil aajseso co Te6e - He Mil )l,aJI Tocno a .n:eua, - HM O,n,fOPI1Jl TOj, - ra HeMaM I{OrO Aa nparax .ll.OM.a na uapa-rea UlY.O Aa uanpajr ace-

uara 33 pyxex, 3aTO ca ~llILJO Tpe6HT ,ll.OMa.

11
38

ro

KM8M

RaytreHO

aajxeao Aa

Kam.MT CBe

,na liM JI,0I(3)1{WT OTY je BI1Cl'HHa TaI{3, sea aa yxo aa My 360pBHTHa 3ajQeTO, 3M3 ro qYJIe 11 JJ.pyi]HTe JbY.llH BO Ka¢eTO: ,,)KeHa ME na 3rOTOBliT OBa H OHa sa 0YKy JlYWW: lJ.l1{0 he MH
.1l.oj.lleT

EJb6eTe, TO ca ¢aTHJIO)l.8 H ro pa36pK8JI€ .aa HeK3)1.@. Ha .pyue« 0,.Ue'1'co Hero ,ll.OMa )J.Bajua rocra, Toj je BeJIHT Ha }ReHaTa: - E, }KeHO, nojne nerero? Ta napaxa illY.O )J.a aanpajanr sa py~eK? . .uoj)l,e, ,lI;oj.1l.e, II CBe CTOPI1CPasap KO 1114D Ml1 napasa . .uoMai'iHHoT Ii TOCTwre CeJl,HaJIe 11' py-rane. OOTeM pyneror ,rOCTHTe ro MOJHme Jl.OMafUfHO'l' zra liM ro rrpozrajt aajsero. Toj npso aejfieJI H O.ll'BajKaH,llMC9JI na HM ro nponajr sa apau napa. -Cezrae mUI,eJIe OTy ce H3MaMeHH, aMa I:(OyKy napa QflMI1T.
cenae ro nyur-nra

6era1', KY4111la ce paanajaae

11

na

fOCTH~

aajnero.

TIpHQae npOKooaja flollcTe41aHoBo1i

H8

Oxpana

ITper.i1.ea
HAYKA
IllKH

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CKOITJbe y npenparao
nopozmne HMa

MSfbB.! O,ll; MaJKo,Ba 3PIta,. ij eRR :I<ojH )IiQ JIY,UF:LlIa 130JlH JIerry Ma!Ha T llI'TO je irrOp'e~{JJ!OIM 11,3 "lI;Oi1lFle" q,a.MHJ1uje .M 3'6or 1.feF'a t·l0vOaf,lH Te0~oc Hebe HR na trYJe 0 IHeKaII{;Boj )lie'!f,fI.n;6n 1f3-MetJy IDe T1 }beroBor CHFIlil. LJ:0:p6.aT,IH TeoJ.(oc BO,JIM. pe,l1, H ype.LUIOC'l' H 'pazra HeKOI' nyr a )l(eJia na npH,eBOJH BHHorpa,n GaKa'JIH'Ha Apce. Mel)YTWM,

Mopa Aa BOja:.F.l.KY.

OJl")le

'-fijia

ie jeAHHa

48
AP1:3 H TIP e)!; asr JJeJ( OM zta Bl1)J.PflHY 11 cxacao ,lJ,a npaea
I

lillX

,i\YM
i

lIal'lfje H I'HaraBH" Ha .ll.e1'e 6yp;e, xr eo, He xreo, a. je T<1Kan o6FP'Iaj, APCH nana aa n8MeT zta 611 Haj60tfue Fl8 C8M8tpHO lfop6aI,IH Teonoca xana 611 ca HeKaJW rtaaeo ,lJ.a "Hara3H' 112 1J,HTaJ:I"Je, y 'tJerMy H ycnesa. n~a 6pYKa no rpazry: tJ:'Qrp6aUH Teozroc TIQ~ era] e UHrarHC1{-l1 KYM; QOp6aUH Teonoc ce q,aC'fn 11 JbYOH ca UnraHKMa.
lIP·8M. gOBeK KOj.11

na

Llnrana

KOjH

cy

lU:I1-lOrpal)l, 'He rYOl1 'CBOjy csoi Cl'BeHY lpaGHe umresc! OCJ1YUl1cyjyhH paaroaoo HepellJH'J1H na CBOje HOBropoljeH4e ocraae aa nyr, raao H3ry6w:

)J,eTel'OB, jep

Teojtoc ,ZI.a 6H ce HeKaI<O 113BYK3'Q K3 Hie3arBHAHOr n0J10iKarj a MO.JUf A'pcy' Aa YlpeJl,llcsY osv ctsap 6es urrere no l,jQpoa l,lHCKl1 yrJ1e,Q aa lliTO he MY Teonor OIflPOCTl1TH nyr FI ocra)3HTI1 Bm-lOI"pa,lI;. Apca peuras a CFlTyaqlijy na 'I'aj Haql'lf"l W1'O TIpl1'MOpaBa Teo)l.oca )l.onytTH B@.f·lLI3H)e CB,o,ta CHH8
r

na

61:10 15aw cpehan y Hs60py MOTI1B.a aa eBoje aaj.aoanj e ..n;eJIO. HJTUh HM,a HeCYM'f-bHBOrI' 'l'aJleHTa sa nJ-lcs(fbe Ap-aMCKHX )1,eJl,a; OH eBojHM KO~la1rHMa )1;aje H: ,j eziay CIUma'T'FI"LITTY O'PHIHHa Il:fQC'r jep HX name !fa tll:IjaJleKT,Y KO~l1M resope iseroua jYHaJJ,l1. Orvna, n030 pM urn a .n.eJIa r. I1JIl1TI·an.p eT'CTaBJ1;Ja'j;iT BP,IIO Jle1tJy 11 CI1M [i[3WT1 Y H)/ noj aay. XTeJI¥I 6H'CMQ Ha.nOJMtHY'f11 ayropy MeijY'T'HM, na MOTHBe sa caoja. U1'J)O ce BI1.ll.M r.

ca B,ojaHJ{OtM,C'l'l1M

Kao

,n;a ce I<YMC'l'Ba iHla)l ~l1P'aHqe'I'QM npliMH

r.

}!Jml1

Teo aocoa

CHH.

HHje

}I.lIMB orracy]e O)lJIHI{yje ce CBOjOM pasnoamcourhy, nOJIRTnqKOM, aepCKOM H GOItHj aJI'HOM, OGHJbtM aJ'lO,D),rAS H j DID Hea6pa.fjetFIHX MOTHEa. KOM.e)I,iMja "liara3HO 40Belf'l npesia TOMe CaAP)Ka'jHQ ae '!\W)l{e sallOBo.lbB:'PH. DrlJIlO je H Cl~eHCKID{ nezocrarasa. Panrs a ce nOHe{{al,lJ; cvnanie J:l33BJIa·1.IH, I-IapOtlH'TO y TIPBOM l.U1HY. TIojeAHlHH MOMeHTI-I aacy AOBOJb'HO HC'fa.xHYTH, Ha'pOlJHTtO Y3PO!< 360r 'tfera '40p 63I,IH Teczroe )Ke.llH npaCBOjFf ApCHn BHJiorpa,a. A OHa peBHja Llaraaa H8 ClJ,eHH. .n:.ejC'IBOsa.rr3' [e BPJlO rpyfio H IH enpJ1j a1'MO. D,06pa crpaxa l<OiMa_;;;a j e y rosse 01"0 j e
r

r.

6Y,ll,ytta

,11,eJIa l1C'rpaiKyje

D;y6Jhe

H. CBeCTpa'H(-Jje.

Cpe.anna

1'1 13peM

rooje

aa

r. 11Jmb: yneo
rJIYMllH

,lI.eJIy II3BeeHY
Na YliVlellHH'-mo,j

l.JwraiB FlH3 opHrHHaJHtfl(X cneUHQJH"tfrry Bp'e,ll.'HOCT.

ccy .n:.a.nlr
BMCHHH.

HapO,I{HI1X

!'l3peKa
xoaaxo

'rl<tMe

nao

cae

Flersp

ManIii arpamr
"I'o.p6al,lw
'CEOj

Oll: ce6e ,n;a H3Btoljei-be HOC1iOIJJ;H rJHtBHHK YJIora

6YAe,
r.r.

Ilepa

j e Moryfie.
JosaHOBHh

cy BP.mO npHlpO.L1.HO H ca pa-S'yMeBaI-beM

caoje yzor e,

npan

b6a:BHJII1

rreO,D,OC3 aan arrax.

C3BJIa.lla.lIH .lllIj anex ar

a .IlpynI 6al{a.)JHIIa Apcv, Ro,ll. CBl1X UHarLIe, ocehacro 1-Ia KOIMe j e nc.ro nacano.
BOPHC.JJ~B

11
ce

OCTaJU1 cy caaecno. na RI1Cy !lOBOJbHlO'

RB. bJIaro.!eBHh

Y PE'f.>Y JE OlISOP J. KHCeJlHHaBlfh, Byneaap JTyja Baprya 6p 10 - CKOnJhe, O.nrOBOPHH ),pe.llElHK !l-P DOPlfC3B ApCAh, Kej Kpalb3 A.IIeKC8Hllpa 102, CKOnJbet "HeMalha· aaJlY>K6I:1HCl<8 urraanapaja Bapnapcse 6aHoBHHe - Cf(QnJbe l.lapa IiHKOJIe 35_ perna 31'3 ro:ruuul;be.§O 1111 Hspa 33 J yro CJI3Bl'!i Y 38 HHOcrpa HC'I'BO 80 .nHHspa". Je.a.aH 6pej y nponaja 5 ,Lumapa.
BJJJCHHK 'F.>op~e

Flpernaary
Pyrormce
J.l

cnarn na

QeKOBRI1

pauyn 6p. 85.002.

onresopnor

cee ;upyro

r.llaTI1

aa

3JIpecy

ypeJ1HJ1K8.

t-YUI-11

Cxon'

,.

CAOP}-HA0
PAcnPABE '" QnAHIU1
49
59
BUTOIh !Leroa nOCTBHal(

H paaBHTal\

A()

nOqeTKa

XX crcneaa

neqaJloapCl\e

.....•.. necae y Iloaapaapjy . .

y nonap;o;apjy

67 Cou.ojanHe
82 BPHD

.p0pMaunie
. . .

. .

L\_.p Teoa. A. Pone 'B. J. Kaeemruoanh .

L\-p 5. ApCl1fl

I<l-bH7I{EBHOCT

ce

BO A01l

AUT. 'F.). nallOBi-fl'l

83 Be,nHI(DBapOmafJD

....,. TpSiI<H .

85 Fnar op MnTpOH
87

ceo]e

npaso

..

ART. 'fl. na!:1oBJ.lh JOB. /i. Kocruh

f.>.

Haponae YMOTBopHHe

J.

Cl(YllL.IO

KHcemlllotHfh

92

OXPUAY II UB OXpH,ll,a

Bpan. A. Jlaaah

rrPErJIE,fJ,
98 JeSUI{

.'i-p M. ITas.1ol:H111a ('f>. I. KwceJIl1l:10Bl-!n). Jyr y xaecrrncy npH1l0BH npoyqaSdHiY -sapoaae noeeaje (X. nOJIeHaKOBl1h). PaCTRO C. n YPDH: PatlOTByqKH Jyr (6. J.1. BnarojCBHh). Raymond Aron La soctotogte allemande contemporaine (.l-p B. Ancah). He.a~U(H paeruaopa OA Orft,aHa Panoauaa ("D. J. K). CTO[aa iKHBaAHHOBH);: "TpHAeceT ronaaa hYTaI!Ja" poaau (JbyroBll.A M. BOAynl-lh). Y.M.eTHnqIUI npernen,
H BspOAHa
4JIdHU'H

I<YJ1Jypa,

OA

nyy
MECE4HM fOA. I

4ACOm1C

SA HYJlTYPHA, EHOHOMCKA H COUHJAJlHA nHTAlbA JYJII1-AB[VCT 1937 r021,., CKOnJbE oPOl 2-3

PAcnPABE

VI '-IflAHUV1

BMTOJb
lberOB nOCTaHaK " pa3BHTaK AO n04eTKa

XX cr'oneha

1. ,l(pesllo

upexptuuhanaco

J(05a

}13 AO caAa npoHd1)eHl1x 11 o4YBaHl1x noaaraka KojuMa l1CTopllja pacnonaiKe n03HaTa je crnap Aa Dl1TOJb l-U1je HOB rpaA na Hl1Tl1 nacen.e CTBopeHO y CpeAl-beM sexv. Ilper-ie I10~ \!3AaH11M HaY4Hl1M 113BOpl1Ma, }-betOB nOCTaHdK AdTl1pa ionr 113 npeXpl1WnaHCKorAo6a 11 TO OKO 359-358 rOA. Y crapoj MdKeAOl1cKoj APiKdBl1 xperseae cDHnllIIa 11 Anexcauzpa Bernncot- OH ce noi-nuse iom OA car-tor caor nouerxa nOA l1MeHO~ ::CepaKJIeja, K30 HdjBd)1(Hl1jll rpaz, Y ocnacrn JIl1HKecTl1jl1, Ko~a Je 06yxBdTdna norneearo jY)l(H11 Aeo AaHaWlbe Denaro ... Hl1!CKe paBH11~e, AOK ce !bell CeBep0l1CTQ4Hl1 Aeo snao AeBpo" mna a ceBepo3anaAHl1 Ileaeroaaia. 00 TOnorpaqmjl1 ApeBHe MaKeAoHllje OA Mapr. AlAMl1Tlle rnaauu nonozcaj XepaKrreje ce HdJJd3110 jyro3andAHo OA Aa.. HaWlher rpaxa, Ha oAcTojaJ:bY oA 3 craanie (530 M.) na no .. cneAlbeM Kpajy B11COKor 6PAa, KOjl1 ce Y3A1DKe y nOAHO)Kjy 3anaAHl1X orpanaxa Ilepncrepa, nonaseha oA cenepa rca jyry, Tj. oz, AaHawlber Anexcaaapoaor 6PAd na cee AO cena By .. KOBa. OBAe, ue apxv 6PAa H3HdA BYKoBcKor rpofinsa, oaaxne ce BHAM uena ApeBHa Jlauxecrnicxa 11 Ilenaronaicxa pdBHl111a, llocTojaJIa je TBp1)dBa ca aKpOnOJl1.1COM. CrrYLIajHe 11 AlmeTdH:" CKe l1CKOIll1He xoie cy AO 1912 rOA. epuieue KdO 11 OHe xoje ce oA 1934 rOA. na OBaMO nOBpeMeHO LIMBe KOA »CI1Be BOAe« xao 11 AO cez,a lloCT11rHYTMpe3YUTaTH, Ma y OCKYAHOM 0611MY, [acuo rOBOpe Aa ce Hd TOM MeCT)! uanasnna ApeBHa Xepaxneie, xoio] ce aa pa3JIl1KY OA APyrl1X TaKB11X y MaKeAoHl1jM AOAdBarrd 11 03HaKa JIl1HKeCTl1jcKa l1nl1 Ilenaroaajcxa C 063H" POM Ha rroKpajl1HY Y KOjOj ce Hana3Hrra. Y II cronehy npe Xpl1CTa, KaAa cy Pl1MJbaHl1 nocne 611TKeKOA OHAHe (168 r.) saanaaana uenon MaKeAoHcKOM npoBl1H~l1joM 11BOAenl1"ce CBOjl1MC.BojcTBeHl1M npannuno» »divide

50 et irnpera«,
rrOAeJIMnH 3aBnaAaH'l 3eMJbY y 4en1pM otinacnr, ce Xepaxneia llOMHl-be xao rnasna Eapom 'l seofinacrn MaKeAoHl1je. 0' OBCj crapo] Xepasneia 3HdMO

BHAylMQ Aa

rraauoi
ca

najHoM nyT,?, xolu Ie OAPiKao CBOj npaaau 11 Ba)KHOCT CICOpO 2.000 rOAHI-la, a 1(Oj11 y eTBCt.pH 11 AaHac nocroin ld OBOM crrajal:bY ca JaApaHCKl1M 11 Ierelcxax MopeM rrpexo ApaLIa 11

Via Eqnatia KOjH~f je 6ana 13e3aHa ApaHCKl1M, a ca APyre ce Jerejcl<11M

fiorara 11 HarrpeAt-ld napour ,?pei)eHHM, LlHCTllM H KanAPMl1CaHllM 'lTIHl.-\aMa, ca nenu» jaBHMM 3rpaAdMa, XpaMOBHMd, K'lnaTMJI1::lMa 11 ca BOAoilOAOM. Ibea llOJTO)Kaj je Ao6HO seh» H 1-1ap04111'l1 3 Ha4aj ca AP'lMOM

cat-ro TO Aa je B32KL-'ma 1<30 semuce,

ca jeAHe crpane ca [aHoper«. OBOMe caofipe-

Corrvua 6naroAapH BHTOJb caoj aAMHHYlCTpaTHBHo-BojIi114Kl1 3Ha4aj

pa3Hl1M BJJdAdBVlHdMa

caofipahaiao-rprosacncn

11

KO)11 ie Y pS3Ha npesrena

11 nOA

nr-rao.

Y n04eTK\? APYTe rr0J10Bl11-ie rrpsora croneha anOCTOJI Ilanne, nocne CBGra 60paB1<a \? COJIYHY, nponasa 11 KP03 Xepakneiv MAyliM AaJbe 3a KOPNHT 'f ~HJhy uinpeisa Xpl1WhaHCTI3a. 3a npej-te puxcsor rOCnOAc.TBa, 1(P03 4J.1TdBa TPH sexa, rpaz, ie HeC.MeTdl-lO HanpeAoBao. Y llieM'i cy unerana 3aHdTH 11 tpronana, a YllTaBO CTClHOBH.]1l11TBO ce Hdrra3HJ10 Y 61laro~

OA III croneha MHoro6pojHo 1-1 MaTepl1jaJIHO o6e36e1')eHo rpebaacrso Xepaxneie je no-reno Ad npenasa Y Xpl1WndHCTBo, TaKO Ad OHO YiMa csora enncxona Eaarpnla, KOjll npncvcrsvie 347 roz, ca60py Y Cepaauu (Codiaia). JeAaH BeK AOl(I-1Hje 449 rOA. na EQ::){J!CKOM cafiopv Y3HMd Yllemha orrer em..rCKOII Xepaxneie, d11M osora nYTa nOA l1MeHOM KSt4HTl1Jn1ja. Ilocne ABe rOAuHe (4.51 r.) y XaJIKeAOHCKOM Cafiopv ITOMHrbe ce
A110I::H1cHje,

c'Ia1bY

1'1 BOAl1JIO 601'a1'

:ikl1BOT.

11 el{OHOMCKl1 pa3BHTdK rpaaa 3a eper-re »pax rornana-

enllCKOII

Xepaxneie Ilaaxecruicke.
rrpeKJ1HYT

Ho

osai

AYXOBH11

r.i,

Ml1pa

fora, X yHd 11 Anepe. Taxo je Xepaioreia

311110Ha (475-480

Pl1MCKHX HMnepaTopa

je

Haje3AoM

Al1BlbHX HapOAd
HMTIepaTCpa

3d nper-ie

B113aHTMjcKor enacxon

r.) 11 TO Y rOAMHM

OA HaDaAa Tore Teoaopaxa,

ie r-ropao Ad caKynl1 OA rpebaacrse fiorare AdpOBe, Aa MeTe nOKJlOHl1 BanaNapMiy-, B6nl1 I'ora, re ua raj HaLll1H Aa cnace ce6e \1 rpez, OA l:bl1XOBOr 5e3063HPHor nJbd4Kal;-ba. IlCA YMewHMM BohcTBOM CBojl1X crapeunuse rpaA ie ycneaao [our Ayro Aa MHMOHJIa3H caoiv H0Ml1HOBli\? nponacr. Me!))!Tl-1M,rseroeo fiorercrno Hl1je rmecraiano Ad He 113a3UBa 11 npHBJIB4.l1 rpaM3fbHBQC'f nvrah:liHX Hap0A<il ft nnereeaa. ITocTajynu }KprBa. caoie Bem{4YlHe, 6narOCTdl-ba 11 nanperxa, OH je OKO VI aexa ) H11UJTeH Te ce SHU1e He nosnuse HeKOJlHKO BeKOBd.

Iben

479 crpaaana

ABa

nyre

2.

nepllOI{

"

CJlOSBnCKe B4aj(aBUHe

U BU3aHUtujcICoe

eoCtio,l(ape}fJa

AonacKoM CJ10BeHCKHX rmei-reua na BaJ1KdH. xoja cy ce t)aBHJId MCKIb'l4HBO 3eMJbOPdAlbOM, nosene cy 11 BapOllJ11 no-

51
CTeneHO Aa HanpeAYIY TaKO Aa ce HeKaAaWl-ba Xepakneia Ben nor-nuse Y CaMYl1nOBoj uapesnua sa npeu nYT nOA CBO]l1M <!JIOBeHCKl1M Ha311BOM 0611TeJb Dl1TOJb, WTO 3Ha411 CeJIHWTe T.j. MeCTO Y KOMe JbYA1:1 cTaHyjy, o6HTaBajy, Kaxo, Mel)YTl1Mt crepocnoeencxu Hd3WB 3a MaHdCTl1p rnaca 0611TeJb, TO ce A01\Hl1je KpajeM XI nexa (3a aper-re KPCTdWKl1X oaroca) nO 411tbe Ha311l3aTl1 11 MOHacTl1p, WTO uuie Hl1WTa APyro AO ripeBOA pe411 0611TeJba Dl1TOJba. Y TO npexic OH je n03HaT xao YYBeHa, eemuce 11 Ba)KHa sapour y KOjOj je raBpl1JIO~Pa~ AOMl1P, Cl1H napa CaMYl1J1a, nocrre CMPT11 caora oua, 6110 15·X-l014 rOA- nporrrarueu 3d napa 11 TY OCTao Aa pe311Al1pa Y CBOMe ABOP,{ Beny-HY rOAl1HY AaHa, AO cpez.uue i-receua aBrY-CTa to 15 r., KaAa je 6110 y611jeH OA Ionaua BnaAl1Ml1pa, fipara OA CTpUlJ,a. Y r-teceuv MapTY 1018 r. 113Me1)y npercranH1:1Ka YTBpl)eHllx rpaAoBa Y cnOBeHCKl1M noxpetunasre ua BaUKaHY, KOjl1 cy BaCHJIlAjy II l1MnepaTOPY BIA3aHTYljcKOM, 113jaBl1nl1 Y Je/~peHY [10KOPCTBO 11 nepnocr, Harra311JIl1 cy ce 11 113dCrraHl1l..l11 Dl1TOJba. .
H

CBOjl1X A06pHX ceofipahaiuux sesa 11 car-tor reorpadicxor nOJIO'IKaja OH [e 6110 jeAaH OA HajrrraBHl1jY1X BOjH114K11Xueurapa 11 TEPQaBa y B113aHTl1jcKoj AP'lKaBI1, 4eCTO nvra nOMyUbaH OA TaAaW1bl1X l1CTOp114apa IlOA l1MeHOM BYTerrl1oH. He Mal-bH 3Ha4aj l1Mao je 011 11 Y lJ,pKBeWOM )Kl1BOTY, U1TO cc Bl1Al1 113 411tbeHl11J,e Aa cy u.eroan CBel1lT~HOHa4eJIHlt1l,11 YBeK lAMaJI11 )3a)KaH 11 YTl1u,ajuH nonoxcei na BaCeJbeHCKl1M ca60p111'1a, 3aY311Majyhll MeCTO 0AMax 113d narpaiapxa, Aa ie 11 npl1BpeAHl1 )Kl1BOT 6110 pa3B11jeH 'l semncoi Mepl1 He Tpe6a H11 cYM1-baTl1. CaMO, HdJKaJIOCT, He nocroie nOAaTlJ,l1 na OCHOBY KojHX 511 ce srorno HeWTO AeTaJbHl1je Ca3HaT1:1 0 nojeAl1HHM rpaHaMa 11 ja4HHH eKOHOMCKe paAl1Hf)CTl1 CTaHOBHl1WTBa, OA XIII BeKa 5111'OJb n0411lUe Aa rprvie ca MneYl1hl1Ma 11 Ay6poB4aH11Ma 11 Aa YB0311 y OHO upexe 4YBeHe np0113BOAe TeKCT14ITHel1HAycTpl1je rpaxoua y nOM6apA14jH. 4ylTaBl1 Kapa .. BaHl1 OA no 100 AO 200 KOlba 11 Ma3fl1 npeHOCl1JIl1 cY KO)Ke, BOCa.K 11BYH¥, C Koji1M npow3BoA0Ma je y ,TO Ao6.a rpaz, ij HajBl1we rprosao. UeITOKYUHa Tpr0811Ha. icperana ce YCBe npasne npei-ra laApaHY (L\pa4'l), npena Erejcxor-r ,MOPY (ConY-HY) 11 nper-ia ceaepnax 11 ceH,epO"l1CT04.HI1M 06uaCTl1Ma, AOt{ [e car-ra uapoui 6l{rra BalKHO TprOBa4KQ CJIaram1U1Te sa pa3HO" BpCHe . nuocrpeue 113paT)eBl1He 11 JIQKaJIHe nOJbOnpllBpeAHe 360r npOAYKTe.

up_eTl\Y

3. TPPCKO :!Jova ,40 XV/Il cllto/le'ha. J.1HBq311jQM TypaKd (t374. r.) nacraje 11 sacro] ,.r! »a~ ,

_.

".'

','

f,""

CjqHOBH.l111l:TBO, CBaKe np~Bp~eAl:leAenaTliOCT'l1., H.arrrc:n·mo

Bl1TOJba. Y xvnuo

ce y pasne xoaleee.

OH

je nornvno

6l-lJIO uocuneu je napoui \1 pasferno nocrao TYPCKl1 rpaz, ca

xoie [e

CJ3MMa MY npHrraAajy-hl1M OAnl1KaMa 11 OC0611H~Hvla. Mopano je Aa npohe Hel(OTIHKO neK013a Ad 611 ce aepoui MOrJ1a rrOHOBO Aa cPopMMpa HAd noxaace 113BecrdH HaIlpeAaK Y CBOMe rrpuBpeAHOM

casperaeuux nYTeweCTB<::I"U1Ka, Bl1TOIb l1 }herOBa oiconana cy, rropez, lKVlTapl1qa, npOkt3BOAHJl1.1 naMYK 11 naH. Kao neoozccroiao MO:>Ke ce CMarpaTl1 H TBpne1be Aa

110

)KVlBOT)!. nOAal_\l1Ma

Ka)Ke cneache 0 BMr()JbY: »Cvnran 1'-1!paA ) Do6eAywa1\ nocrrao je 784 (1.374) rOA. THMYPTa -rraury, xoia [e ca Ca6JbOM t PYl\H :say3eo 0130 MeCTO. Anopal_\ ie YHVlwTeH. h?)K1:ila crpaaa rpaAd je jeAHo WYMOBl1TO 6PAO, a npeAtba ... lllHPOKO norse. Ca 6PAa ·cnYWTajy ce MHOrJ.1 rrOTO~J.-l, I(O]M Haranajy uene K13apTOee rpaAd 14 eBY oxonuv 3eMJby. I-Iaj4YBeHMjl1 npOH3BOA OBara rpaaa je na1'1'qK«. HeCYlrYPHOCT no rrvresar-ra, KdO 11 yonurre cna6e cao6pat1ajHe . H TprOBHHCKe sese H3Me'l)y nojeAHHl4x 3eMaJba, 06JlaCTl-l 11 rpaxoaa, cnyraaane cy Y QBO upesie CBdKY peJ:THja 11 SOCHa«
AOBHY
3aHaTHMd

KOl-bI1Ma 11 Ma3raMa aeh 11 KaMH.naMa. Ha onaj HaL{yll-1MO)Ke ce 06jacHHTH 11 orrcrauax »Aese-xaHe« 1-1azanaAY BapOWl1, lCOj.a TypCKa pe-r 3HatU1 xan KaMHrra, OAHOCHO MeCTO rAe cy KaMHJIe creiane H npeaohauane. TYPCKH rrvrouucau Xal,lV1 Kancfjd '! cnoioi 1(]-bJ13H »PYMe ... BPWI10 He

ce npenos po6e

cane

uehaiv
a

caoiv npOH3BOAl-bY, npepat)yjynt1 cne CWpOBl1He xoie cy ce ce OKOJIHl1X MeCTa. AOHocvme y rpez, Cse rrorpefie rpaY

pa3MeHY A06apa. 0130 'l Dl1TOJbY Aa pa3Bl1jy

cran-e

ie

AdBaJIO

MOfyl1HocT
J.I no-

)lG1BaX1iY

AerraTHOCT

t)aHCTBd 11 )KHTeJba OKOJIH1,e se 1-l3pal)eBl1HaMa i-rorne cy 611.111,

y.

60Jbe 6e36eAHOCTl1 y 1-beMY Hero lllTO [e OHa cxyncuene TeKCTMlH-te M3paAe 11 pence, 06H4HO npexor-ropcxe, CJ.1pOBH1ie l1 TO npBeHCTBeHO KOlIOHH~ jaJIHI-:I npOAYKTI-i AOHoweHl1 cy Y BHTOJb. Cruuaier-r npeneue eKOHOMCl\H )Kl1BOT ce nocrerreuo pazBMjao TaKO Aa ce Y XVlll cronehv nOMl11-be Aa ie napoiu nopez, CBOj11X 3.000 jeAHocnpaTHliX 11 ABOCnpaT1i11X "hepaMHAOM nOKpJ.1BeHI1X K~na fipoiune 11 900 TprOBa4KHx 11 3aHaTlll1jcKHx AynaJia. Cse OBe YHlbeHHlI,e iacao rosope Aa je B1HOIb Y' 360r

CTBap11. 611J1e c'f 11 rrOAMHpHBdHe KOMe cy ce 01-111 ca CB11j'l crpaaa

OA 3aHaTnl1ja 'l rpaAY. n04en11. ycpeTcpe1)HBdTM

6nna no

perrarusuo

ceJU1Ma. CaMO

XVlll. seleY

Bd)l(aH

HVlM seser-ra lil. BeJII1Ke csrertse RapOWH, a Hap0411TO l:beHoj sen Oq,OPMIbeHoj qapwHjH, y nOfrreAY rrpaapeanor uenpenca 4l4Hl1Jlecy cy Y 'FOley XVllL sexa HeCMeTaHO J1 ycpeA 6enor AdHa nnexxana cne WTO 11M ce 'l BapOWI1 AonaAaJIO 11. xreno, DSH H OBdKBl1 sasecrena HanaA" MHoro6pojHVlX nrse-ncama HI4CY AaBam1 MorynHocT H11sa KdKaB noner paaa Y 4dPWHjH. Pa3,£MfuMBO [e Ad rpabeucrao H TO upBeHCTBeHO one! l-berOB Aeo
KOjH

npl-iUpeAHH nearap rprOBc14J(HM npO.MeTOM.

ca

npHn114HO

paseuie-

OTHMa4HHe

Apuavra

H 11.3BeCHHX npodiccnoaanaax

pa36ojHHKa,

53
KOjH ce 6aBJ.1o TprOBHHOM, Bl1AeBwH Ad He MO)KeCIIoKojH'O Aa paA11, noseo je Ad ce ncerseue. Bapom ie ycrreA rora Hd l~pajy uor-renvror CTonet1d3HdTHO orrana. EBJll1ja lJene6l1ja, jeAaH OA Hajo6pa30BaHHjHx TYPCKHX n,{TOII11'Cal.\B, 1(oj\1 je 1(P05 511TOIb npouiao Ha KPdjy XVllI sexe, Aaje onexan OITl1C Td.6,al-ber rpaAd: }>BYlTOJb [e OABojeHo r-recro 'l PYMenHjcKoM BMnajeTY; noxnoiseao je rrerroj KnepH Cvrrraaa

AXMeAa, xoia fa Aaje Aa ce ynpaBIbd OA BojaoAe sa ABaAe~ cer .ronape HOBBLta. Y 'TOMe rpaA)! HMa Illex-ivnacrsa» 11 naCTOjHYlK l1Mal-ba rpofia npopoxa. Kasa ur-ra A0xoAaK se KaAl1jy TPllCTOTHHe a Kl.{eTa. OA 160 cena Aaj€. ce KaAHjaMa rOAHUllbe no cvnraucxol Ml1J10CTl1ioui no 15 icece. liMa cnaXl1jeKI1 Ha ..
MecHl1K. jaHM4apCKI1 se Ad2K6l1HY, xapeu,

cepaap,

rnanuu apxnrexra.

rpaACKH haie, pa4YHOBol)a,

rpaAOHayenHl1K,

fJJdBI;lH

HaA30pHl4Kd

rnphane

6a)KAapHli
iep

BaLI CP1WI10 TBp1)aS'l nocne savsetia

»Dl1TOJb ce Hana311 Ha nOAHO)Kjy

rpaxe.

HeMa,

je sasole ...

4H1iOBHl1K 11

jeAl-le nneuane, a na 06anaMa jeAHe pexe. OH je Bem1Kk1 rpaz, 11 aa Aeeer Mecra npexo pexe npenasu ce npexo APBeHMX H KBMeH11X MOCTQBa. Ca 4eTl1pH crpaue H YH\_7Tpa y BapOWH l1Ma BenHKOT' APBe1ia Ha XMJbdAe. AOt( ce He yi)e 'l caM rpaA Kyhe ce He BHAe OA

APBeha
11Ma

11 6awTd.

T01111I<OMHoro
H_

I1Ma 0611flHe ceiuce,

rpaAY
Kytld;

21 sraxana
nOKpMBt'He

OKO

3.000 je,4.HOKaTHl1)( 11 ABOKaTHl1X

TIepaMl<lAoM. 1Ma caera 70 xper-roua. Fnaeue I i,loMMje cy OHa HeaK E¢eHAklje, l,laMH'ja MaxMYA Eq,eHAl1je, nOAl1rMYTd 973 (:1563) rOA- na l,ldMl1Je [aSH XajAap ..naure 11 Xauu Deja KaD 1>1 qayUJ 1;ldMMja. JiIMa 11 9 MeApeca. »Y 4apWl1jl1 rrocro]e 900 "AynaHa, OA kojux cy Ha)6oJb14 KPoja4.Kl1 11 snarapcka. l1Md 11 40 Ka¢aHa. Bpno nen je 6e311cres, KOjl1 113fJ1eAa xao TnpQaBa 11 l1Ma rnosaeua npare 11. nene cso.sone. Hesepoaarae crsepa npw-la.jy- 0 OBOMe rpaAY
11 0 OBOMe 6e311CTeH'l.

cse cv

• »KP03 sapoiu Te4e jeAHa pexa, xoia Aorra314 ca nnanune ~ 'f.:>aBaTY, PecH'l 11 CTOKdKY (9) 11 'flUma ce 'l BapAap. OA 6aTOJbCKMX peTKOCT11. rpe6a ~a HanOMe'HeMO 611.TOJbCKl1nan, KOjl1 Y)l(Hna 60Jbe HMe OA erunarcxor. Ilpesra 3andAHoj CTpaHH, kao H Y ocrannr« npaBLI,l1M8 uanase ce OKO 20 MeCTa se me3acnYYKyje Aa ce BUAH. Ha MHonlM MeCTl1Ma CeHKOYl 11 na seneuoi TpaBH HanpaBJbeHl1 cy houncc Bll; I1Ma MHoro BHCOKlrlX MeCTd 11 3a pa3QH,OAY. OA 60 .AO 80 JleIIl1X C06Hl\d 11 !(0J1116a rrpYlKajy YT04J1JUTe rocriu-ra, i1Md 11 MHoro oCBe::(lCaBajynV!x KaHany.k1na. MHoro 11 pasuo APBene Y3Al-DKe cnoie rpeue AO uefia 14

T1-be 11 BeCeJb61.. HajBHwe nOAAe6eJ10'M

neno MeCTO xo]e

y3 nYT 3a OXPHA 'rrocroiu

jeAHo apno

craape Ae6eJlY ceHKY DOA

TMX nOTOKa

ce WHll1 nOCTqBJbd na .a xpehe ce Y1 henan 11.

ce neKY

1-1

OAn114HVL iuuui-heaann. 06i14HO BOAeHOM A'lJlaUY, 1(Ojl1 ce nonaxo xpehe,

KOjy

TeK~

6Hc'rpll

nOTOt.1Mn1<l.

Iloxpei

jeAY

Ha Taj

HaYl1l-1

ce

ne-ie.

I1Md

[mCOKHX

54
H CeHOBHTHX WYMd,

C11y-ma]y cc cnance

Texo

»Y

CBaKH

nesa,

necue cnaByja KOjH [JYHe cpue secensexr. cnupa J.1 uecerse rpaie AO onurre Cl1TOCT11.
fu'l AlA, [(OjH 'lMej)!
Ad

KOjl1l'1d,

KaA

ce

3at)e pa110 yjYTPY,

BHTOfbY

HMa

neeepnaxa vt OTBopeHO BJJaAaO y DJ1dHVll-IH 1I1vmKH (?). OH, 6e3 crpaxa Aot)€! y rpe,«, CJJOMvt npara 6e3Y1C1eHd 1.1 Y3eB111H 60_ rerv po6)? sa 70.000 rpouie, ce 11ymhaBoM J.1 sccersei-r oAe K norsv. Y TdKBOM SenJAKOM rpaAY HHI(O Hl1W'1'd Hl1je ~11\7 Ka3a01 Ilen np1430p DOAnOCTl ..J ,( j TaKO je Bl1TOJb H3rrreAdO 1-1a Kpajy XVllI uexa,

Y4eHO. I1Ma cocpra, fH.e3Aa 11 KOjH ca orracaaara YliaKpcT op,)?}KjeM Ltt1He pascoiHUWTBa. OHYI ce nyUJTajy ca HMCKUM lbYAl1Ma y paseparen )1(1180T. ]bYAM. 11 40Lle1.1,11 cy aa lhHX. Ilenor AdHa TOHY no Ka ... ¢dHdMa J1 no pryaBHlYl jal::H-H-lM MeeH1Md, HHTPHrHpajy, nocraiv rnynH :11 oAajy- ce I<OLl,KH. »liMa 11 MHOTO AnoaHa~a pa36ojHHKd. Yonurre, JbYAl1 'I TOMe rpaAY cy npocru, nouns 11ca MHon1M nopouaxe. 113 pasnora LUTO l1Ma MHoro TprOJ3aUa 14 xoue nocroin MHdKTIOHOCT Ao6p04J1HCT'BY. I1Md y 47 MeeTa A06pOTI30PHVlX ,{CTdHOBd, no .. KpHBetH1X OnOBOM icao 6e311CTeH. l\oKne CMO 6vl1111 Y TOMe rpdAY, HeKH XdjAYI<, 3BaT 5a60, 6vtO ie caKY0110 500 JbYAJA

rosope Ay6oKO 11 4Hje ce 4aTIMe 'l I-lepeAY KdO span4Hja

4.

E"OIiOMc/CU tiaseu:

U ICYIlMUliau,uoHo

J1JtalltepajallHo
DHTOJb

iioausane.
r.) nona-

Ilocne caenahaeaasa
11 YCJ1eA 06pa30Ba1:ba

rp-uce

ApllaYTd OA TYPdKd
AP>Kdse,

(1827-1830
nocraie

Tl14.KO-aAMViHJACTpaTJ..1BHH11 rprcaa-noi uexrep se CBe xpaiese sanaauor Aena 5dJIKdt-lCKOr llonvccrpna AO cer-re TdAalbe

rp-nce rpauaue.
ITO

CBvt

BdlKHHjVl nvreun,

KOjl4 C'{ ce

npocrapann

An6aHMjIA 11 no nersoj Vi AecHoj o6aITw BaPA,apa, no-rena cy ce nOHOBO CTHLl,dTVI y BHTOJb. [naRIiH rrYTeBH Y OHQ Ao6a 6111111 cy rrper-ra 3dnaA'l BHTorb-OxpHA-CTpyra-En6acdH-~ Kasaja-Apd4; upexa ivro-sanoav Dl1TOlb - Kbp42l-lliaco!.(o ... Bt1j"l-JaHt1Ha; npena jyry jeAdH je nYT BOAHO npexo Cvpcsaha 11 Karsapaie AO KO)KaHa, a APyrJil npetco BnaAoBa-BoAeHa-Convae 11 AaJbe se Cepez, ApaMY H Kasan)?,: rrper-ta cesepy

rrvr je muao npexo IIp11JIenapexe

AOK
Be3e

y beorpaz, fipabajue
npor-rer M CocpVlje

APLKChH ce AonHHe

Mopose 1136wjao je y CMeAepeBO ie APyri1 npexo KpHBe nanal-1Ke-T~YCTeliAVlJIa

AO PYC4YI<a

BeJleCa-CKODJba

~ j.eAdH

xpax
H

cy 0ABem·jKe 6111TOJbCKe -iepumje oja-re

611lIe

AOCTHrao

Ha AYHaBY.
KOPl1CTH 1-1

CBe one cao ..

nOB ehe,
Ad

H 3HdTHO

ce

TprOBd4K'M
[e

CTaHOBl"lMWTBO

ca
ce

oxonnnx

rpaAo~a

DOHORO Y MacdMa Ad ce nacensena

rpaae IJOCTeneHO
pa3BI1jao

'l BHTOroy V1ca uanpenccr-r

)101BOT

cena orno-teno

VI er(OHQMCKl1

Hap04.HTVI y l':beM'l, nopez,

Iloprvranaje

[enpeie. ~I(OjH cy ce AOCem'lJ111 V13 Illnauuie 11 Kpaje '1 XV cronehe 1--1 6aBHnu ce HenpeKHAHO

TIOneT je 'l3erra

pronnne

l-beM'f.

BVlTOJbY KdAa ce

55
TprOBll1iOM 11 saaarar-re, HelCTaHl1JJYl 11. Ilaune PM, 1(0]1-1cy ce TIOCne \?,l::IMIUl'el-ba rpexa MOCKOnOJba OA 6aWH603YKa ArrVI Ilauie JaHl1HCKOr na (1778 r.) pacrypMJH1 no uenor-r BanKaH~
CKON

Ilonvocrpev.

TOKY

uenor XIX aexa

r0A-

511TOJb CBe

smue

i1 nuuie

1ianpeA'f~e. OKO 1850

LTVl3ClOAO

45.000 AYl11d, AOK 2.000 paAl--t:>1-t. Kyne H paA1-'be cy 6klJIe Y Betll1Hil OA crrafior MaTepMjana ycneA sera E1l1TOrb je xecro crpanao oA noxcepa. He cer-ro 1l1TO cy Befu.1Ha 3rpaAa 51,me OA z.pneuor r-iatepnjene neh cy ce paAlbe Y jeAHoM Y13BeCHOM KBapTy Y t._lap1l1Mjl1 nanaxnne rioz, jeAHHM l1C!WM APBeHHM KpGBOM.· Taho je jeAaH nozcap 'l 1835 rOA YHM111THO2.000 ;5rpaAd. IeAaH APyrl1 TIO)Kap y. 1862 rOA., Kohl [e 1136110 KOA AdHaWtber Je.HJ.1 AMaMa (APReHor nezapa) 11 ce 3aycTaBHo 4aK KOA CTOYHOr rpra, YHMWTYlO je

6poj CTaHCB1H:1l'1JTGC1 je AO .. je 4apJ1Jl1ja opojana CKOPO

uenv 611TOJbCKY 4aplllHjy. rOAAHe 1897 usropeo je ueo )K11THll nesap 11 npeko 200 APyn4x 06JH1)Ktbl1X paAJba. CEll OEM no .. lKapl1 cy 6Y1nl1 Y:3POK Aa ce AO~HVlje y 4apWv.jl1 nOAMrHY srpase OA TBPAOT MaTep:Vljana, xole He 6H 5Mne TaKO naxo M3JIO)lCeHe cnY4ajHl1M n8JbeBl1HaMd. Ha Taj Ha4}tli nocrane cy
TaK05BaHe )Mara3·e« ca ifB03Ael-H1M AdHac -nrrane ynY'lUe y rpaAY.
YnpKOC CBVlMa 013l1M

hertenunr-ra,

xoie

3aY3MMaj),
xoja

je 6i1JIa 11 jecre jezrpo nplf!BpeAHOra )Kl1BOTa y. rpaAY, LtBPCTO je K9paQana nenoez, re y APyroj nonoanan X1X sexe ITa CBe AO 6anKaHCKl1X parone 6V1TOJbCKa nuiaue je nOAMl1pHBarrd norpe6e ca CBl1Md npOA'tKT1'lMa ue car-ro )1\11TeJba rpeaa M OKOJiHI1X <:ena, Bell cy 6HTOJbCKl1 rprOBLtl1 U 3aHaTnHje rpo .., unore .senaxe KOIlI1LIl.-1He pa31-10BpCl1e po6e 14 y cyceAHl1M sapOWl1Ma xao Kocrvp, TIepYlH, PecaH, Kopsa 11 Befm Aeo

necpehaxe

611'J'oJbcl\a

4apllll1ja,

An6al-1J.1je.
Can ce npHBpe;AHw na H APYWTBeHl1 )jCklBOT rpaxe J.1cnoThanao 1 u.erouo] tIapwl1jH 113Met)y nojeAMJ--lHX Ao6po oprann30BdHHX ecuadia, KOj14 cy Y CTBapYl 6l<TnYl 11 jeAH1H1 HOCt:10UYl
cnaxor

1<ynTYP1-l01',

npOCBeTHOT

11. COL\V1janHor

aanpcrxa

Ba-

POruM. HHje 6nnd HI1 jeAHo onurrcicopncaa

Mdl1MciJecraLJ,Hja

l-IHTH

Aeho Y xoinr-ra eCHaq)1.1 H14CY Y311Manl1 Bl'JAHOr 'It-lemtlB 11 uajrnaBHl1jer y4eillha. f1oAl,nana ce upxua, uncona, 60nHl1ua 11,JJl1
l'1a1-1 crup, a eCHaq)M cy YI3f'K 6Wfll1 TY H CROjvtM AOnpl-I1-]OCl1Ma OMOf\(oaSanvt cy ocreapeise caexor AoOpor nOAYX13aTa. TaKO Ha npiu-rep eCHacpM, KdD npvlBpeAr'e opranaseuuie, cy 1830

rCA. AanJ.1 caoie

nOAM5a1be L\pLCBe Ca. Al1MH~ rpnia y. YL<¥.nl-IOM Y.3HOCY QA npexo 40.000 rpouia WTO je y OHO Ao6a 6Y1ITO semuca CYMa HOBa~a. Ilopez, ocrenora oua c.y CBojOM MarepYlJa.nHOM nornoprn-r Cl1POTV11:bP1 YYlHHJU1:, na 1-1 AaH Aal-lac 41-1He JJemt1KY ycnyry paAe1il1 lieYMbpHO Ha :XYMa .. rJl.napHOM 1-1 COll,Mja:J1I-10Mnorsv. Ilocnezn,e ABe Ael\el-U-1je npownora croneha ri. BpeMe OA npnnore
11 3a

56
1880 AO 1900 rOA. je HajrnaBHMja erroxa npl113peAHOT nOAH3aJ-bB fn1TOJba 11a caeperreaoi OCHOBH. OA 1875 AO 1885 rOA. asrpa.l)eHl1

cy

6WUl

MOAepi-H1

rryrosa,

KOj"

cy

113

BHTOJba

BOAYUll1 L1a41tlH,

rrocroje 11 sprue CBOjy orunrexopacnv

ca

Ka CB11Md OKOJlHMM

sapourana,

a KOjH.

nYTeBll

11 AaH AaHac

M3rpaAl-bOM A06pH.X AP'lMOBa, Y' MHorOMe ie 6110 Onal<111aH npenoc pa3H11X Ao6apa 11 1(80 nocneaaua rora BMTOJb ce y nOTnYHocTU cPopMHpao xao caofipahajeo-rproea-nea ueurep, Y OBO epene cnaAa 11 ocuaseuse npBI1X l1tJAYCTPlljCKMX npe-

cPYHI\:~Yljy. Ha ra]

AY3e!1a 'l rpaA¥

14 iseroeoi

OKOJIl1HH.

[our BehH noner ie 01-1 Y3eo oA 1894 TroA- KaAd [e ca COJI)!HOM Be3aH 11 iKeJbe3H114KOM npvrosr. OBa JIHHl1ja, KOla je 6t-ma nsroabeaa Y poxv OA 3 rOAtHi.e, AaJId je MoryhHocT rpdAY 1-1 I-beroBoj 4apwHjH Aa npexo COJlYHa AODY Y nenoCpeABl1 AOAllP CTaI-b'f He catao

ca

CBeTCKOM

nHja1l;OM.

Caae ie

DJ1'I'OJb

6110 Y

11 Aa 113130311 Y HHoeTpaHCTBO suarae «ona-iane CHpOBJ1Ha M TO npBeHCTBeHO rron.orrpunpeaae np0113BOAe. erne AO 1912 rOA. AOI< je ConYH 6110 sinue rpen3HTHO~KOMl1C110HapCKQ MeCTO sa csoie senehe xoie ce 11POcrapano OA ApaYd yaK AO JeAPe-Ha, AOTrre je BUTOIh 6110 npasu TprOBa41(H ueirrap sa CBa MeCTa OA Apaya 11 Cxaspa AO BapAapa 11 OA KI14eiKKOr 11 Ilpunerrcxor Kpaja 4aK AO Enapa na jyrO,.3anaAY. Dena OBa nokpaiaua, ca jeAHI4M eraHOBHl1WTBOM OA npeso 1 MMJIMOl'Ia Aywa, cHa6AeBana ce y pa3HHM npoAYKTMMd rrpeko 6H.TOJbCKe -rapiuuie, xoie ie no-

Ad YS03H

Hero

cpeacrsosr
611na

COTI"fHCKHX KOMl1cHoHepa,

a 4eCTO nvra

11 AMpeKTHo,

ce CBl1Ma enpOnCKI4M npl"mpeAHI4M 1.\eHTpItIMa. KOjM cy BOAHJIH 1-13 5HTOlba 3d Ilepua, KOCTYP, Ko)1(aH1-1 Ha jyr, za Ilpuaen, Ka-ieeo Ha cenep, se KopLJY M IaHl1HY Ha iYfo3anaA .H sa OX!=-l1A, Crpvry, Ae6ap 1.1 Err6acaH Ha senaz; 5HJIl1 c'f yneK Y )KHBOM nposrerv oA r-ruorofipojunx
n'lTOBM,

'l sesu

xapaeaue,
CHJII1

Aa

pa3HY

xona, J(ofba II Masra, 1(Ojl1 cv 113 Bl1TOlba npenopo6y 11 ¥ l-laj3a6al1eHllje OKO]]He xpeieae, 614 MOrJIO WTO jacnule 11 rrOrITYHHje Aa ce pa3yrvre
paA
TO
11

her-ro caxo

OHAaWl-bl1

Aa csaKH

K01hHMa YB03MO

6rrarOCTdt-be 6UTOJbCKe Qapl1ll1je Han.JMeH)!Kl1pa~U1ja 1(0jl1 je CBOjHM K01H1Ma M po6y y Bl1TOJb AOHOC110 ie C060M yseK 1A

rOTOS noaau 06H4HO OA 100 AO 300 3naTlU1X nnpa. OBHM HOJ3l\eM xeo 11HOBqeM Ao611Bel-H1M OA npoaeie AOHeTe po6e KYIIOBaHI-i cy pa3HOnpCHl1 I1HAYCTPHjClOt 14 KOJIOHl1janH!1 apTHKJIM Ha 6MTOJbCKoj naieua, OblAd HHje H11 4'fAO llITO ie BpeAHOCT
H3B03a

n pe 1912 rOACKOPO

113 13l1TOJba

nsuocurra

500.000

caxo 3d anfiaa C'.Ke «paieae aartoneoua 3J1aTHl1X rOAHWtbe, AOK

je 113B03 113 l1CTHX MeCTa AOCTH3ao npoce-mo 100.000 uanoneone. KaAa ce ITPl1 TOMe 11M3 1-1a 'lMY Aa cy 6HTOJbCKl1 TP~ roaua paAl1JIVI VI ca OCTanl1M KpajeBHMa MO)Ke ce 1-1aJldK Hd4HH CXBdTl1Tl1 11 rrojMl1TH BeJIHK11 ef<OHOMCI<H 3Ha4aj KO;14 je 01-1 'l TO Ao6a l1Mao. HajrrraBHHj)J apTYlKJ1H vl3B03a 'Y. CBa

57 OKOJlHa MeCTa cy 61r1JIU pa5H1t

11 cse spcre )l(HTa 11 6pawHa, 3a'Y~l1Marrl1 2Kl1Ba KPYTIHd M_
seirua,

¢a6pl1KaTM,
AOK cy

«ononalanue
YB03Y
Cl1pOBe fJIaBHO

po6a
MeC1'O
.

CHTHd CTOKd,

,K02Ke, BYHa,

po6y, y 113HOCYOA 1/2 Ml1n. uarroneoua rOAl1Wlbe, DHTOlb ie YB031>10 npexo Convua AOt< je 11 115B03 sa l1Hoc-rpaHCTBO 6Y..o

Caexoieke

APBeHM yraJb

H Mne4H14 npOIrt3BOAH. crpane <:PH6pH4He M3pa1)eBHHe

11 KOJIOHHjaUHY

ynepeH THM npasucer. Ilopez, IlOJbOnpl1BpeAHHX np0113BOA,a al\)KHY yrrory y 1156031. KOjH Hl1je npenasno lU'lcPPY OA 100.000 . aancneoae, urpanc C'l Vi TeKCTHTIHe npepaheaane KyheBl1e paA14HOCTH 11 cpa6p114Ke npoasnozn.e y Al1XOBY. Taxo Hq,OPl1r-rep 'l 1910 roz, W3Be3eHO je npexo DHTOJba 3a l1HOCrpaMCTBO nopez, CI1POBl1X KO)1(a 3a 4).000 ueuon, 1:1 cape sa 5.000 Hanoneona ioui 11 pasae BYHeHe 115pal)eBl1He (uieias; a6a, reirau, tumllMu) 3a npexo 30.000 nanoneone. Me1)1Tl1M, npane eKOHOMCKa BpeAH0CT BHTOJba Ht1je 611JI~ TOITl1iCO Y TprOBl1Hl1 ca l1HOCTpaHcTBOM KOJll1KO Y iberOBOM cnenalenuox IIOn02kajy npl1&peAHOra uearpe sa jeAHY npo-

crpauv

OA MHJU10H CTaHOBHHKa. Ha OCHO.sy rora OH je MMao jeAHY OA HajBa)1(HMjllx YITora 113MeD'l CBl1X BapOUJl1 Y YliYTpaWl-DQC-Tfl EBpOllCKe TYPCKe. TprOBHHCKI1 npor-rer lberose -iapurale Hl1 y 4eM'i Hl1je 'lCTynao Hl1 HajJKHBJbeM npaBpeAHOM l\eHTPY Banxancicor OorrYOCTpBa. Haje Hl1 HajMal:be nnenepeaa TBPAlbd Aa je 6i4TOJbCKd 4apWl1ja aKO He sehe 6Hua 6ap OHOJIHKa KOJUiKa [e Ol1JIa CBaKa AP'tTa 4apWl1ja "I. Ma KOMe rpaAY OA JaApaHa AO Ilpuor Mapa 11oAAYHaBa AO Benora r-ropa. npl1BpeAHOMe HanpeT1(,y l)I1TQJba, l\ojl1 [e H3AaHa Y AaH 6P3HM 14 3ApaBl1M KopaKOM Y4BpllihHBao 11 ynerrW-laBaO cnoi YTl1Ltaj y CBl-lMa OKonHl1M 06rraCTl1Ma, y41ubeH je H3CT'lTI14J111M paToBl1Ma Ha BaJIKi,,\H'l xpa], 411je ce lUTeTHe nOCJJeAI1~e ioiu AaHdC ocel1ajy 'l caur-ra rpanar-ra npaepexuora Aenarba rpaz,a.
06JlaCT

5. Paiuosu, .l(po/caBItO pasepanuuene

xpaia

u ouasane.

A'tTorOAvt1Ufull paronn noses OA 1912 rOA- na cse AO 1918 rOA. l(Ojl1 c'l ca ManUM 113Y5eTlI,l1Ma Bot)eHH MCKJbY'~ 4.11BO Y nenocpezno] 611H3l1l::IH nepouia, 'lHHWTMJIM cy :He cer-ro rpaz, 11 OKOflIAHY' xao 11 cse WTO C'l OHl1 AO TaAa creknn 6M JIl1, Hero cY36DI1Canl1 1-1 CBe OCTane npnspexae BpeAHOCTM «oie
Mory QITCTdTH 11 pa3BMjaTl1 JI11AOBaHHM OKOJ1HOCTMMa.
11

'l M11PHl1M, TpajHMM Hanasehu ce HenpeKl--IAHO

ce
11

11 KOHCO-

ABe ro ...

AHHe y_ 30liM PdTHH:lCorrepaunia

60M6apAoBaH

cnekor

Aa1-1a
Haj-

aeMoryhe ie

HOt1H, bMTdJb je no cepurerxy para nP1)1(aO 2KanOCHY Cnl1KY_. KdKBOj TprOBHHH 11J1M. KaKBOM AD'iTOM npklBpeAHOM. paAY 0
1-1113aMM.CJll:1TH.

aeha

KdAa ce HMa Y BHAY

Me1)YTHM, xao y eJ1pjLIHVlM APYTVlM noleeasra TaKO 11 onae, nocne uernor OnaAatha HdCT'lm'lJle C'l 60lbe npuruuce, .a raxobe

aco

cTa110BlIl:1WTBd HMje uanasuno

y rpaAY Ben BaH usera.

Aa ce

11

apesre onopaarsea.o.

YnpKOC

TeWKY1X 11 AaJ1eKOCe~Hl1X

par ...

58
onvcrouieiea rpaz, je nOH0130 orrro-reo ca CBOjHM npaBpeAHHM nO'AH3dtb1::M1 CI'upajYflM ce Aa 6ap nOCTJ.1THe oHO CTdl-be xoie [e on npe parcee l1Mao. Y pOKy OA. AeceT rOAHlda' 4111-beHHcy neJIHKH narropa Ad ce npH:BpeAHI1 ikl1BOT, ,a rrpe
HHX

caera TprOnd41G1 npoi-rer

Bupa.

BenftHa

ca 06nHJlnbHM
M

06JIaCH1Ma

HHTeH3H-

rproseua

58HaTITHi'a,

KOjH

ey

ce 50 Bpe.Me

para 6Ylml ncennrru, 13parl1JJ1!1 cy ce.. Ornepane

cy HOBe paAl-ber

IIoAHfHyra cy 11 lieKOJJl1KO HHA ~CTpHJCKa npeAY3eha 14 '-lap'" illHja je 001-l0BO b:ac'i1nena 14 npopaaana. Anl1 YCKOPO ce ,6aoo QCeTMTl1 Aa cy ee npl1JJHKe 3HaTHO H3MeHl,we 11 TO He cano OBe xole sdceqdjy y crpyl<TYPY H CYWTHHY car-iora npuapexsor
jKHBOrd Hero l1 OBe «oie

npi1BpeAHC)f

nojeAHI-lt\a

ITO Md

Aena It.d 1 a soie cy 06H4HO B-aH bytO OH M Hajcnoco6HHjll npHBpeAHl1K.

cy y

YCKOj

13e5l:1 ca

MorynHolllny AOMal11aja M01iJ1,

HOBonOBY4eHJ.1M AP)Kal~HMM rpal-lMll,dMd OTfIdnH cy r OHJ;1X Kp.;ljeBd KOjH cy CaCTaBJbanH zenebe nplt1l3peAHOr )?THuaja
BHTOJbGl
KO)KaHCl{M KdO eKOHOMCI{Or

2/r

cy CBe AJl6aHCKe o 6'naCH:l ca KOP40M H En6aCdHQM ua yeny 06YXBahel-H1 OA An6aJ-1CKe AP)KaBe, TaKO Aa cy cua TP)i{V1WTd., Ha Koh1Ma cy
KpajeBll AOI'(

npHnaJJl1 cy fP4KOj.

ueurpa,

JIepMIiCKl-1,

KOCT"lPCKH

kI_,

rpronua 11 sanarnaie nnacapanu CBOjy p0'6y, OTI(l1" 1-1YTd PI CK'OPO H3ry6JbeHa sa 614TOJbCK)? QaplllVljy.Ap)KaBHe
6MrOlliCKH

rpennue, soie ae Mopajy 6UTH 11 npHBpeAHe rpeuuue,

rytume cy CBdl":l1 Me1)yco6HH
eKOHOMCKH

OHeMO'"

nertpeopozorse

npenpexe
YMHklO

Iecno
1-1yTHM

je Aa [e npHBpeAHa
KpajeBHMa
.AOK

Tpr()BHHCKOr npor-iera 11 cacopahaia. lI,eJ1WHa, KO;Y je BHTOJb ce rrosreoz, YHTaBOr H113a rOAHHa 1:id oner-ro;
Hi3\

paA· OJ-Ie ct' nOCTi3J1e

Ha rpaH1-'l1J,VI nyheH }! CBOMe y 1-Ia,j6mnKY OKOJII>1By.BI-lTOIb-·[lpecnencxa cpe30BH C'l AdHae senebe 6MTOJbCKe 4ap11JMje. fbJ1XOBO CTd11013HHlliraO ua 6pojy OKO 100.000.Aywa je cxopo 14 jeAHliY1 nOTpOWalJ. 614TOJbCKe ITYljaqe_ H OHe aapoura, KaD HpHneTJ, K 1-jqeeo , ·OXPl-1A, Crpvra 14 Ae6ap1 xoie C,£, ce pal-U)Jje TIpe-KO H~e cHa6AeBane H3TYOJbeHe
npMBpeAHoMAenoKpyry casro CKtl, MOPJ:1XOBCKH) a AOHeKllel1

necrana,

je caM rpaA ocreo

cy [ep Mere nOYHlbY ,Aa cao6pahajy

liO[\>lCKtiM

At-lpeKTHO

parona urpao, nOLIMt-be HarITO Ad necreie, CaAaWii:>a 6VlTOJbCKa LJaplllt1ja je L1apwHja cai-rore rpaAd H coesona 511TOJ'bC[(Or 11:
MOPWXOBCI(Or.

ueurpm-ia.

ca nerU1M
je BHTOJb

eKOnpe

nOCpeAt-11-1141(a

ynora,

Koj)?

1'13

onora

ce

MO)}{e JIaKO H3BeCTH Y13ry6HQ

3dKJbYLtaK MMB

Aa

je

el<OHOMCK14 OH.

)l{HBOT BHTo;rpa

enol

W_YlpH 3Hd4aj

:H Aa pas-

ce

I3MjaTH

Y AaHdWli:1HLl.V1 l1 npa nocroiehar-r 'l YCKOOApeneHHM rpaHl1UdMa.

npMIll,!l\aMd

lioJ(

ie ccbepa iscrouor
KOjl:-JX

n~:)HBpeAHor

)?THu,aja TaKO

cy){{eHaJ.

11 CBeAeJ-Jd Ha llajHH>KY Mepy, 4.apJ1Jl4jH I1C111 xao 1-1 paauie,

AOTJ]e ie 6poj paAthl1

theroBoj

OH

,AQCTkl)Ke

,13I-1CHl-l\1

OA 2.. 00 0

AyilaHa,

oz,

AP'f'Td Ha :sa.HaTTInjcKe rvll-IOf06pojHOCT paAft.H

j-eAHaJ. fTonOLH1Ha Aona3H Ha Tt)fOBa4Ke, a paAl:be. O'I3a neJlHKa npetpneuocr 11 I<oja nocroju Y _BJ.1TOlbY uer-ta [e HH 'l

59
KOM AP'2'TOM rpaAr. Pa3YMlbWBO je Aa c'l nocneanne TOTa He.. 3ApaBor creu,a 6eC!lOCJIHll,a 14 1(pI13a, WTO je rpefiano 'l ueno] l:bHXOBoj jaLJllHl1 Aa ce ocern He cat-to caAa sen jour y 1920rOAt4HH. MetY'lTHM, 0AMax 113a pare, eBM eMHTpdl1TH H5 [paAd

11 uenor o6nHlKlber xpaia 11 Ilpecne, a J.-rap04l1TO OHM KOjH c'[ ce Hana3MHH y AMepl1lp1, no-rena C'i! Aa waJbY ceoinssa H08aiJ;. KOj11 c:y AO TaAd 6HJU1 YWl'eAHTIH. Y cnez, osor rrpurn .. 1l3a HOBua BJIaAdfld [e aa 611TOJbCKOj n11jal.l,l1 lKMBOCT, 113AaW110C1' 11 Y2KY:P6aHGCT 'Z IJOCrrOBl1Ma, IllTO he ioin AYTor npeMeHa OCTaTH y cenalbY MHOfHX npl113peA14HKa. Ilper-re IIpOBepeHl1M DOAdTq11Ma rraaano je Y OHO Bpehle y Bl1TOJbY CI(OPO MldJI110H 11 no AOnapa rOAMW1-be, a TO :SHaLlH Aa [e DVlTOJb Ao6Hjao OA eMUrpa-rrcxor noeua OKO 100,000.000 AHHapa rOAvtUlfue. OBO cran-e rpaieno je CBe AO 1929/30 rOA. "aAa l1 y AMepl1lJ.l1 H14je HdCT¥fII1JIa KplA3a 11 1136alJ,l-ma Ha ynt.1u,Y' XHJbaAe 6MTOJbau,o, KOlI1: cy AO TaAa HeYMopHO paAMnl1 11 y 3HOjy ceora JJl1lJ,a sapa1)HBanH no cba6pHKaMa, peCTOpaH1'1Ma Vi ocrana-r cReMofynHM
paAt-baMa

OCeTY10npl1BpeAHH sacroi y 4a·pWJ.1jo.Ilpecrane cy Kyoo-npo:" Aaje uexpcranas, o6YC'l'aBJbefta je rpCj1)eB1ll-ICKa AenaTHOCT Y

rpaAY
YBHAeno 11 no CeJU1Ma, rrorrvcruna
npOAYKaTa

11 upeAY3etlHMa. qYtM ie npecrao npWJl1B HOBua

t.13 AMepvH~e

0AMax

ce

::JA crpaae uaiuiaper HapOAHoT cnoia. beh coAa ce Aa DJ.1TOJb nopez, CBeTCKe KfJH3e vlMd Aa paLl"fHa 14

ie KynoBHHa

pa3HospCHHX

ca jeABoM t-H1CTOM rroxanuor-r CBOjoM KPYl30M, xoia ee jaBJbd: KdO pesYJITaHTd ~efj HanpeA nOMeH'lT.l1X npnnaxe 11 Ol<OJIHOCTl1. ,ltp. Teonocuje A. PoGe

Ty1.)111:1d )KeBeHH

TaMo Ae ~AaT

T~ra ronexe,
MOMq~llia

eH Ht:')KeBeHYI, Cspinean na He3eMeHJ.:I.

flap.

neCM3.

cncuuienno
CKOM

OeQan6apCTBO

rrexantiepcrea

TYPl\H cy npHrpa6Hnl1

np06neM JY21{rte Cpfu.tje 11 MafleAOHl1je. Monll~l-1 KOj14. cy 113a3BanlA noiaev eKOHOMCKor cy icapaxrepa: se ceoie r.maAaB14He ie npno na)l(dH

cy

Ce611 HajnnoAHMja

i-recra,
nnaHill-lCKe

a xpwurhaa-

eneIvleHT\!

OCTdBVlJJJ4 Bklcone

11 xpureue.

Ioui Ma)K'tpa?fHli

je y »CMPTH Cr-raun-ere lieHH1ha« uenao. »Opo Tl-be3AO BPX rm-rooa Bl1je, jep cno60Ae '{ paBl-lM~M Huje«. Kao tlJTO ce 113 OBHX CTl1XOBa cenuxor jyrOCrJoneHCKor nee1111Ko. HAM, ueo ie Hall! KapaA 6e)Kao y. nnenane B OA TypCKl1X

5YJIYMa, Aa ce Ca4.YBa OA HdcpTaj'a 1-1aWMdl-be, ~acT, BE'P'l 11. HapOAHY cno6..._lAY- flo. lrnaHHHU je npaeoez,a BeOMa cnefie, He

60
SaAOBOJbdBd cxoaoxcxe 11 K'lnT~pHe IIOTpe6e nojeAl1H~a, nopOAHqe 14 AP'llllTBa, a Jb)!Akl Hl1CY 61111H J3aCIU:tTaHl1 oA MajK€" Aa )KllBe oA Tyl)e M'lKe 11ITJbdKe, xao WTO cy 'TO paAHJ1l1 HaW" SanaAH14 cyceAH Apnevru. 360r rora, Hap04HTO 3a 3arraAHY

MafieAoHHjy,
Ty1)l1H)?

jeAHHH

[e 113JIa3 6110

OAJIa3aK y 6m121C)? 11 AC\Jby

zceua KOA ICybe ocreie 6e3 MYlKa. OHa car-ra cuocn CdB Teper aoben.a AOMdner _ra3Al1H~ erne 11 nacnwrau,e Aell,e, a 4eCTO 11 HerOBal-bd CTapHX POAMren-a. )KeHa npercraensa K'fh't 11 npez, n0l1l1TH4Kl1M 11 npea
nOCTa110 11 cO~VljaJIHl1

Ha neQdn6y. AaKJIe, OCHOBa [e ne4aJI6apCKOr rrpofiner-ra eKOHQMCKor xepaxrepa. AnH 0AMax lU1M ee noienano, rresenfiapcruo je
ue patiorv,

npofinen.

~pj(BeHHM

SaBMM

rrYTeM..- Y TOM crrY4ajy rropoz.aue JU!4je neuanfiepcrse. ..

AOt( MY)K Y Adn.eKoj TYQI1Hl1 MI1CITH HB cnoie 11. oA npesrena Hd apexe Aond3H l1rrl1 uran,e HOBa~. 4ecTo ce AemaBano Aa OH TaMO y1)e y pbaso APY TBO - MyillKO, a [oui rope 'l iKeHCKO. I1JIH. 06pHYTO, )KeHa KOA Kyfie, ycrreA Ay.ror MY)KeBJbeBa orcycrae, nohe KITU"

anacrasia,

11

cse [e jaw Ao6po

rrponez,a,

To je Ha~

rrpse MOAepHe uncorre iaansane C'y ce y IbMMa; y K'lfll1 ne4an6apa ie rrpaBw4HBjl1 11 XYMal-Ulji1 OAHOC H3Me1)y ITojeAl1Hl1X 4JlaHOBai KaneMfbeI-be eohe, K'fBaI-be nekr-resa, cnarxor, MOAep..
HHjl1 :saHaTH 11 TprOBl1Ha HaJJa3e jaKor KOA 1:bHX ce uainpe jaBJbajy.

OHO ie 11 K)!JITYpJ-lH: npofiner-i, Jb'lA14 KOjU Ayro )K}1Be y ICyJITYPHO HdnpeAH14jl1M 3eMJbaMd, AOWdBWl1 KYfU1, He Mory ce rrOMl1pi1TH. c TIpl1Ml1TI:-1BHYtM)KMBOTOM HaWl1X 6p1)aHd, seh 11 y Kyhy Y1 'l APYWTBO YBoAe n0311THBHe HOI3HHe. 3aTO cy ne-ian .. 6apCKa cena KynTypliO, conulanno 11 eKOHOMCKl1 HarrpeAI-Ulja!

CBl1 MorYl111 CnO)KeHl1 OAHoeH xoje H3a311Ba ne4an6apC'I'BO 113pa3a y nnpcicoi uapoz.uo] noesnjn Iloaapz.apie. Kao WTO ie At1HapClCWAeo tlaUJe ·pace Aao At.1BHe nerre encxe necxe, xoie cy c Yll<l:tBal.-beM 411Tanl1 esporrcxa nem1KaHM y KfuMlKeBHOCT1-1,TaKQ ie Haw BapAapCKl1 Aeo Aao jeAl1HCTBeHO nenv llHPHKY. AKO OBa aatua nnpexa noesaia Hl1je
jam CBI1Md JyrOClIOBeHYtlVId OHaKO n03HdTd KdO eOCKd rroesuie c Al1HapCK.HX xpaieaa, :)aTO cy jeAt1HO KPHBH rrpJ1pei)V1Ba411 dHTOnOTl1ja, xoja HdWOj Jl14PCKoj noe3HjM Aajy CYBHwe MaJIO 11n-.14 l1Mdno H rv:eCTa, re 360r rora uiapa 4HTand4Ka IT)!6m'IKa BeMa rvlOfytlHOCTl1 Aa ce yno3Ha e. l-bOMe,

Iloeerino nornasrse Hallie HapOAHe JIMpMKe 411He rre-ian6apCKe nect-ie. I-Dl1xona [e OCHOBHa eMo~l1ja Jby6aBHa. Ami ra eMouHja HMje TaKO rrpocra xao WTO ce 4111:-111 npsu noue rnez, Y i-bHMa ie Ol1eSdHO CrrO>KeHO ocehaise narreheae Aywe Koja je MHorO 7Kenena, MHOTO nocrnrne, Y MHorOM ce pasosepane 11 Haj3aA MHoro Ff3ry6Hna. EMOTMBHti eJIeMeHaT ne-ien6apCKI1X necer-ra Ie BeOMa KOMITITHKOndl1: TY HMd lby6aBl1, t.J.e2Ktbe.sa 3aBH4dJeM, )KYA1be sa 3apaAOM, OAaHOCTM nper-ra

61
)?KyhaHi1Ma, Tyre MaWelie Jl1l4lie cpehe,
CBHMa

ycrreA

HenOCTHfHYTl1X

HAeana 11 npo-

Y411Hllt1)? jeAaH npernez, HaWl1X ne-ianfiapcxnx necasra 110 MOTMBUMa 11 MOMeHTHMa 2KHBOTa Koje orreaaiy. CBa rpertuce nc-ranfiapcraa, os: n04e1'Ka AO xpaie, npaxasana je 'l cnenehoi neCMH: MOM4e 11 AeBoj4e 3ajeAHO cy paCJ1l1 xao Aeu,a, 3ajeAHo cc nrpana, 3ajeAlio cy wKony noXOAMJIM, 113 ,jeAHe lHbHre YQ,i.1JIHna ce II seaoncna, Ami. caA MOMKY' Barba 110M. Ha ne4.dn6y. re ce ca z.parauor-r paCTaTH. Ilpu paCTaHKY sexnerm C'l ce Aa ra OHa qeKa ceAaM rOAHHa, a Aa OH r-iano OCTaHe y TYQl1Hll, am1 r-ruoro CTeKH€ ••. KaA ce BpaTl>:lO113 1''i1)HHf', OHa je 61tma ncnpoiuena, 11. TO sa iseroeor l<YMa, re caA rpefia Aa le on seu-aane. Crora 011 CBOj Ay60KH 60n HCKa3yje OBaKO: Co xo] paue, Iauo Co Kole cpne,
JaHO
MOPM, BeI-IUH.
li

be

MeHBaM,

Co xoja yc-ra, [auo MOPH-I,'he

MOPM, jac

u.emlBdM, MOJIIATBaM:?Jt)

he

OA

KaA MOMaK DOnaSl1 Ha neLlan6y,

BOJbet-Ie

AeBojKe:-

1eillKa

ce cpua

pacraie

)KaJHI,

MOMe, Aa iKan~Me!

KaKO he ce pa3AemaMe ..• KaKo 6eMe nocspiaeuu, £10CBpll1eHM, yjAl-icatm _

las he
Ha

OA<!1i1.

ua Tyt)HMa,

TY1)IHla,

aa pefiora,

ne
Oellan6ap

MHoro

napa he cnexan.eer, Tl-l nparex fiesra Klrnra ...2)

ce IlOHeKaA pacrasrsa l-ba nyH HaAa lA 06enqJba:

Pe4l-l, t;Jopa4aj, 6eJIa 13ojaHO;

OA Jb'l6Jbel-lor

crnope-

Cera

CYM OBAe, YTpe

iie o,n,aM,

Y'r pe he OAaM Tyl)a Ty1)l1l'Ja. Pe4lt1,nopaua] urro Aa TM nYWTaM:

AJl' napa caxern, an' Ktmra cexaui 71 3)

AnH noaexaz, Tyra pacraasa nperrasa y npasa a¢eKaT 11 Ao6Hja CBY HenOCpeA1:l0CT npasor YMeTHl14KOr 611cepa:
Ax,
YIll4'
H3JIe5M, 113J1e3M,

]by-Ge,

eAHOlll Aa Ta BltIAd,
HeC\?M TpHaJl, CJ1aTKO

Ayp'

nnne,

2) llg. PaAOBaHC;:BHtJ, MapHloB~", 3) PaAOBaMOBHh, 6p, 44;

1) OXPMACKo;.npecnaHCKa

JIHpa, Gp. 31; 6p. 45.

r,

"

Ha nar

..l.a cw 0AaM; jacJ

Ax,

M3ne3H, M?iJIe:nr, Jby6e,

c.!JJaT.K0

Bape l1a neauepare, C 1<.ojli4e he b:nlUdM)

TaMO Aa An' he
MH

nune,

re

Bi1AiillY1.
MItlJIO nHJIe} CJTaTKO D ane,

Ma

)l(al1:am,

AKO Ad 1'1-1 3a1)IHidM?

An' lie !via IJJIa411ill,

AKa Aa
TM YMpaM

[ac? .. ~)

n14beHe

HeT)!

HenOCpeAHOCT Hecpebe Hd nyTY

ocehau.a

Y AaneKY

ycrreA nOM14CJH1 aa nenpenTY~14HY:

TIl'IJIeTO rreur, na rrar

Be

OAaM,

Ha nar :he OAaM 1.1y/Kl,1a 4YiKJ~Mlid. Aa Jr.' he Me )Kalballl, MJlaAil MnaAI-lH,O,

Aa

n' 'fie Me )KaIbdUl tcaxo lac Te6e? ..

5)

K aA cy
caxo

ne-ianfiapa

neh

OTnYTOSam1,

lbH.XOBl1 'YKyt1aHl1

ae yMy:

M11cne Ha l-bl1X: PY4dK TIM K)!Bajy, AeLrr 11 pOAMTeJbe JllA Heryjy, rrorscxe JIM paAOBe paAe, Y ~PKBH nl1 ce Dory i-rone l1TIl1 no norsv 6MJbKe 6epy, - YBeK cy 11M I-bHXOB14 rre-ienfiapa
TIOMHCJU1Te, sanru
MOiKU U

cspuienana
11

Kaxo iuerer no ry1)MHa 1... - Ha Crracos AeH 6UIbf. lie fiepesre

3a Ad AoJAeT nainu
MOiK"

neexc

C3pwemll.\I1.6)

)KeHd KOA Kyhe paAetUt LleCTO nnexe sa CBOj11M MY2KeM lfIe4an6apOM:

5naryli4e tieno, upaeao,
W40

xporrxo .MH

TKaHw

H I1JI0l4Idlll?,..

pasfio] pacanau, TYI\' Mw [e MOM'le He TYKa.~)

je

He

11

ne4arr6apH

Tyt)HflH

MHCIIHMa

CBOjHM CTaIIHO

cy

eBON 3aBM'-1aj'l:
3aTeMHHna ce TeMHa 'feMI1JAtla, •••

80

TeMHIdlJ,aTa ABa teMijH4apa

na

B pone ,AP7Kee iuapeso fume M aa nanero M'{ roeopee- Pa.:nt MIA, oacra, mapeuo nsne,
Te nYWTHMe ua Haul B"Jhae-r., .. 8) napa,

4) Oxp.-npecnaHCRa 6) ibid, Gp. 20; $)

oJ 5paTcTBO, lX~X, 1) Oxp.-rrpecnaHCKa

6p. 13:

CTp. 428;

napa, 6p. 22;

OA erapouapoaau YMoTBOpel1uja,

Ml(OHOMOB, 36oPIH1K

6p, 107.

63
)KeHl1Ha
fleCaMd:

BepHOCT

MY)K OTl1WaO
»Heica

Y KYOH OneBdHa je Y 411TaBOM HH3Y Hd ne4an6y. Kou, MY ce uparuo, a u.era .

ell M'2KH

'HeMa. Ha KOlbY

je nHCMO:
fiena
BHJlMKd,

Hexa

ClIJ 1'1')1(1-1,

Aa He MH 4eKa«.

Ami OHa 11 nopez, re rropvxe »TeMHO HOCl1« 11 Ka)Ke: -Iac t111 ry 4eK'M 11 AY ner rOAl1Hl1 «.9) Y [ecen ce 06114HO rreuanfiapn npeheiv. Anl1 nOHeK11 OTnOY.HY npeico nera TaKaB nocao Ad ra Y ieceu He Mory nneKl1AaTY1,· Te ll1aIbY cai-ro HOBa1..l, 11 noxnoue Kyhl1. Ami AOMahnua, sepne BeHu,'f 11 AaToj peur, xohe caora AOMahl1Ha:
TYDUHa
)KeHeliM

Tyra

rOJIeMa,

TaMO Ae MAaT MOM411lha

eM

ue xeneun,

Cepmeuu

ITa He3el'1eliJ1.

Csure

MOM4Hlba

AojAoBa,
nna-re.

BaCKllHO MOWle He AojAe; BIAKHa Mil

Backe Aa

He

nnaun,

BacKO, He )KaJIt.J;

AKO

1'H MOM4e He AOilino,

Fonesr Til 6aKlllllLU OpaTHJIO: rpM c'pe 3JIaTHH errraun, Tpn Tona 6ena jYM-6aCMd. IliTO he MH MeHe 6aKilll1WH Kora .M11 roi caM He AojAe,
fIYCTl-1

...

My

6aKllll1111

OCTaHan!10)

it. Bl1We MeCe~l1, Hl1 HOB~eM Hll i111CMOM, CBl1 cy y KYOl1 T'l)KHl1 11 3a6pHHYTl1. Bojeol1 ce Ad. He 6YAe y HeBOJbl1 11 11 Aa IT H~ YAapH CTpaHnYTl1l\OM, 'l jeAH.oj necr-m cecrpa 30Be fipare Aa ce • BpaT11 113 Ty1)l1He: [ep My ce poairno MYWKO AeTe, a

AKO ce ne-ianfiap A\TO He jaBl1 113 TYDHHe' -

'ABa, TPM

norse te AaJIO 06HJIaH rmox.") )KeHa jaAl1Kyje 3a MY)KeM y TYQl1H14:

H1WlTO CH poaa ia~ H~~~~J

\'ry ro

11 Tqa.
'.,

."MaM, MU
,

Hele

lIl16e,TO,
ja6aHa!12)

Ty1)IlH!l,

nycTa

TyK~: .• J. -

Anl1
AOHece

4ecTO,

11 nopez,

Ayror he4.ah6apelha,

Hl1WTa ce He

Kyhl1: tI) TIpoAaHoBHh,

H

AHTOnOrHja) 6p. 65; Cp6uja, CTp. 237; 11) HKOl'IOMOB, 6p. 85; 11) Ap. PaAoBaHoBHn, Gp. 4S;

10) CKOnJbe

64
lYl:.lallE:, Mope lira

myMap4e, apaM 1'1-1. OHJla ry1)IdH,\ Cl-I neTYBaJI rpM nera, a nap" lie Cia AOHeCOJI.1:)) neLJC1;JI6apH YAape

Heperxo

1-1 CTpaHTIYTlH.l,OM.

Y nyeToj

Tyl)l1HI1 TOJIHKO ie ca6rra:Jl<J:bHBHX CTBapM! MHOTO necasra oneaa osei MOTHB. M'fLK l1JJI1 eepeaax y Ty1)HHM )!3Me APyry )KeH)! 11 oHAa IlopY4yje onoi y 3asI14ajy Aa ce npeYAa. HapOAllit neCHHK HaJ)e 3a TO pa:5JJl1y.HTe eeosia neue neCHH4Ke OKBHpe, Kao l'-ld rrp.:
Ilersaao,
OTKdKO

MOMe

yGaBo,

nerna rrejae,

Tpncra 1)eMIHi MHHaei Hejuanpez, oewe l1Ui;lA Croiaa Co iuepeaara 1)eMl-lja;

Co' urapea KaBalI csapeuie,

Tuolara
"_

necxa

neeuieMO)J(~I,

.n. 'iPYl

MO)j{1d

ce,

ITeTKaJ-lO,

ca MJIaAQ, 3eJIeHo .. .l4) CaAj.)1Ke BeOMd

Ilecxe c OBaKBHM saue AyweBHe noxpere.

Patiornrro Bpeae Bpexe
lbHM

MOTHBHMa
MJIa,u;o

KOMnrrHlCO-

Jf'jP.O

na Ty1j
n,OIlIJIO)

BMJ.beT,

Pa60TI1JIO ,l(e13eT ,ll.OIIIJIO,

,ZJ;OlIJ)IO -

I'O,ll.HffM.
3eMaH )l,OMa

Be

CM

R.ltel

AnH OH je 'if Ty1)HHM CTeKdO rrpl1jaTeJbM~Y, «oia 2KenI1 Aa c nobe, a OH ldMd Y 3aBI111a;y 3ctKOHl1TY )KeHY - ero
He3fOAeP5)

oruiuao y ApanCKY 3eMJbY, O)KeHHO ce TaMO ApanKOM AeBojKoM, POAHJlO My ce CiA !-be M'illlKO AeTe, na OA csole sepeaane Y 3aBH.4ajy Tpa)1(Yl Ad MY AOHece cpe6pHY xonessv, KYMaw nOCTeJbMQY, 40xaH» jaCTYK J1TA· AeBojKd Y Al1PJbMBOM MOliOJIOry H3pa)l(aBd cBoj1 BeJIliKY TYl'Y: necsie
•
Ca~HJIa MOMa Kpaj Mope JI03je,

Bpno nrraCU14JIO 113HOCH necpehv y. «oioi ce rreaa KaKO je nepean«

nepeaaue

OHa

nerra

Ca.n:iIJIa JT03je,
-

1'J

My aezrexe:
CBeKaKSO

Aj, Mope .nosje,

rposje,

Koj MH re CdAHT, IWj te 're ja,l(MT? Jac lie ca otI;aM nycra qY)lC'tMHd, Flyers 1.JY"'1:H1niJ, Apancxa 3eMja.
TaMO Ml'J OWJIO MoeTO MOMqe, MOMa 'ApaOKd ... 16)

MH ce ~eHaJIO

13) l1 KOHOMOB, 6p. 48. H) J1J(OROMOB,6p. 111. 15) Bepxoaah, 6p. 299. 16) Oxp-npecn, JIl1pa, Gp. 51.

6S HdPOAHl1 neCHl1K l1Ma pa3HOBpCHe OKBl1pe sa l1CTH MOTHE H CJIW--lHY eMo~Hjy. CaA npafierase CHY: Cecrpa CHeBa Aa jo] ce fipar, Kojl1 je Hd ne4dJI6l1, O)l(eHl10 y Ty1)l1Hl1; xao Ad OH xohe Ad A(1)e Kyhl1 Aa nputiepe neTl1HY, ann KdO Aa ra )KeHa TYDl1HKd He nYWTd.17) H1130M necaxe oneaean cy 11 OHl1 MOMeHTl1 KaA ce 11 KaKo_ ce Haw ne4an6ap npexaie Jby6aml nper-ia T¥1)l1H~l1: )}TBOle 01.111, MOMe, pyjHO Bl1HO; onnieiv Me TaKO Aa can HeAeJbY AaHa naian, ABe neaen.e MaMypaH. IIojaxax xou.e Ad ~AeM Ha suneer, KOl-b Ml1 6ewe [afiauau, He HOCH Me Y Bl1JIaeT, tep Y Bl1naeT)! Hl1 Kyne l1MdM Hl1 )KeHe.18) Y APyroj ce rrecxn nese KaKO ce nenenfiap xohe orapacnru Ty1)l1HKe 11 cer-ro 360r rora xohe Ad MAe y CBOj 3aBl1y.aj, aJIH oua xexce Ad he cBYAa C l-bl1M. OH je nneura Aa cv APYMOBH Ayrl1 11 TeWKl1, lUYMe nvue xajAYKa, ann OHa He OAYCTaje OA csoie HaMepe:
jac

11 jac lie ,ll;oj,ll;aM na TBOj Bl'IJIaeT .••

te ce cropax MJIa.n;o cejxen-re,

Fla he npeMHHaM ropa aenerra ... Jac he ce cropaa pnfia 6eJIBH4a, Ila he npennusax B0,l1,a rOJIeMd, Jac he 'ell .lI:Oj.a,dM na TBOj BMJIaeT.•. -19)

Ile-ienfiap nate, 1(Oj11y 3aB114ajy nuje uepeuaue, Y TYQl1l-11161;1pa AeBoj1(Y 11 nobe Y u.eron 3aB114aj:
Hl1

OCTaBl10 30Be

HH C

je Ad

2KeHe lbl1M

AjAe,
qeKaj,

MOpU

Ilnero,
y6aBa

Ha Haw

BHJbaeT! KOB4eK,

nYAO, AYP Aa MM ,ll,OeT urapeu

KOB4eK

B uiapen

py6a

... 20)

MY)KeBJbeBa ney.dn6apel-ba HH )KeHa KOA Kyhe uuie YBeK nepua CYIlPY)KaHcKoj 3aKneTB11: Mepnla ie jaBllJId CBOMe 6paTY Aa MY }l(eHa Ilerpa Jb'l611 ceocicor naTY: C l-bl1M ua BOAY l1Ae, C l-bHM KOCH ceuo, )l(dlbe )Kl1TO.BpaT ce npaha Kyhl1 11 -y611ja )KeHy.21) Ilouexaz, xceua 11Ae TaKO AdrreKo y rpeiueiey Aa joj nosparax My))_(a uuie Hl1Marro noxcen.au, re My YCJIeA rora )KeJIl1 WTO nairope MO)Ke: 3a
naMnY-PM Aa 6aTHcaeT,

Manunse Aa ro ceuaer, EBTMM Aa He cu npnCTHfHllT.22) 17) I1KOHoMOB, 6p. 148. 18) I1KoHoMOB, 6p. 140. 19) npoAaHOBHE, 6p. 142.

21)

20) HKOHOMOB,

I1KOHOMOB,

22)

Oxp.snpecn.

6p. 128; 6p. 165;

nupa,

6p. 47;
5

JIyq

66

Y jeAHoj rreCMI4 orrer rre-ienfiapeea [o! M't>Kd y AMepHlJ,ld r-reumue nocexv

::sa csora

lby5aBl:-I11Ka.2S) OCMM l:IdBeAeHl1X Yl3Y3eraKa, CBYAa l1Ha4e rroaoarax ne4a116apa ie nemuca cse4aHOCT sa 4MTaBa cens 11 rpaAose. Iss> 6pa AOManHLJ,a je BaH ce6e OA paAOCT1-l; j-re0611QHO ie ITa)!<JbH~

xceaa MOm,! Bora Aa Aa 6i1 ce oua YAaJIa

Ba nper-ra CBOM M¥)K)?, re rropyttyje

Caourru
MM MH

113jYTpa CnaIY2'IY Y 6awrM

rOCITOAal:J,

[e

/l,OII!OJI OA

MOj

Cuourru

[e

AOlllOJI

ryp6eIJIOK, pat'lo.N)

TM ce MOJbaM

HeNej

rrej Mli! cyTpOM

He
paAyje

Cai'10 OHH y 1<\7111-1/ seh H 6nHcl<a ce ne4drr6apeBY nOBpaTKY: Cuas-j

Crrane] 5par,a
1"111

POA6MHd naH

Ky'he

neer, DaAo neuec'ro,

Ha xeneu jauop.

MI·i BeRnT:
T.I<I

OAW en AO!Vro, 6paha

TJ.-!

AOluJIe,

AOJJIJl€, neuneeiu 6paTell; -

T~I L\OUecne:

LIr.1C'l'aHa cp,{1'a 00 AeBeT Icnqa,

lia] nOClJCNIli!

4MCHJl~.e

4eml... ~~)
3aBH4ajYI

npea J1aCTao6jaBM nponehe, 01-:lHce oner cnpenaiv Ty1)l1HY: oner pecrauax, HaAe 11 crpaxosaise:
Ilex

neLlan6apVl

06vt4HO

31-i£VIY npoBepy

al11-1 411:tvl 3d ny-cry

he

CI1

oz,a

cP

Tyi)L'lflC!,

CD Tyl)~IHa - rraM CTaM60rra I1 onaj nycfI1 BeJfi1 rpaA. 2~) KpajeBl1 3arraAHe ManeAOJU1je TOTIl-1KO cy ce J.:iaB11" KTIH Ha Tyt)l1HY, Aa QdY 11 AeBojKe ocehaiv 1KeJbY, 4.aK, pexao

Hexu

611)" HeKY 4e)l(1-bY

KapaKl'epl1CT114Ha
Aaj
)Ia

se

Ty1)I1HOM,

3a

ja6aHoM.

DBOM

rrorJIeAY

ie necr-ra
MM D02Ke,

»KaKI30
KpHJba

MOM4e CdKaM«:

Aa nueneren
tLa o/\OepaM

Jle6 eAo Blf ... Case eM tJ. 'lJ-l ana, .

cnpor« Nelle ... 2j)

OTHAaH B HelVle4t<:a3eMja,
MOWle

HMaj'fnH 'fBeK OCHOBHM eMOlJ,VlOHanHY1TOH Jby6aF3, onenaiv cne MOMeHTe y )!(l1Bory, cae rrpl1jan-la 11 nenpajarna, TY)KHa 11 pazocne, 60nHa 11 rpani4Hd, yeAHd 11 pecxanaurne ocehaa.e xoie nesentiapcrao 113a3i-1Ba
nect-re, 23) VIero, 6p. 49;
ill) Bepl(OBl11l; Gp. 327;
2~) BpOTCTBO, lX-X, CTp. 427i 26) I1I(OJlOMOB/ Gp. 189. 27) OXPHAClw.npecl1aHcKa nupa, 6p. otz.

Yornure, neuenfiapcxe

67 scao eKOHOMCKI1, COlJ,VljaJIHI1 II KYJITYPHM cPaKTOp. CBe OHO IDTO 611 ce y npocneheuut-i 3eMJbaMa peKJIO rrYTeM nrrai-me "JIlt l-lHaL1e nY'TeM iasue pe-m, Y I10BapAapjy ce TO Ka3yje ne·CMOM. Jep necr-ia nparu uauier y.OBeKa »OA JbYJbKe AO AYTIKe«. 11 no CBOM YMeTH114KOM KsaIlI1TeTY t-rnore cy OA OBl1X necar-ia npaau 611cep, AocTojHe Aa yKpace crpanunc 11 11a]npeTeHlJ,1103HYlje aHTOJIOfl1je.

"B. j.

Kl1CeJ1I1HOBl1n,

nporpecop

,COQHjaJIHecpopsiauaie y llOBapAapjy
2

Kopnopeuaie

CpeAllieM

BEKy

Y CpeAl-beM BeKY CBe lJ,l1Bl1n1130Bdl-le AP)l(ase 'Mane cy CKOPO CJIWHiO ypei)elbe npodiccuouannux

Espone
icopnopa-

11-

.Zumftwesen.

1.l,l1ja xao Y B113dHTMjM: cnosencxe AP)KaBe ua BaJIKaHCKOM DonYOCTpB'l, MeAl1TepaHCKe AP)KaBe naruucxor nopexna, cpezrseeaponcxe AP)KaBe repr-iaucxor nopexna. KOA naTMHCKl1X HapoAa Hana311MO loggia, hans, corporation, a KOA repMdHCKl1X .gild 11

n03HaTe cy jow TOKOM V1l sexa, a y Her-ra-ncoi jaBJbajy ce y XII BeKY t Y BOPMCY 1106 r., y Byp~6ypry 1128 r.) I10cJIe enoxe aapsapckux Haje3Aa, aecrajc y Espoun ne.p110r6. penaruene cpebeuocru 11 6e36eAHOCTl1, re no-nuse H TP'fOBHHa Aa ce pesauia, HapOL1y1TO 3eMJbaMa CpeA03eMHor y. Mopa. fpaACKO craHOBHl1wTBO, «oie je npeacuaeno 1<aTaKIT113MY
»ceofie
)Kl1BOT 11

Koprropauaie

y ct>paH~'icKoj

uapoz.a «, n0L111l:-be Ad BOAH l1HreH3Y1BaH npl1BpeAHl1 Ad nOHOBO crnapa pasue npanpeauc l'lHCTllTyql1je, a
Il0411lbY

na npaor-r t-recrv npodiccnonenue palbeM cpeAlbeBeKoBH~1X AP)KaBa

'-)KdBdjy

Mane Eorv (caeurreuuu») 11OH1-1 KOjH paae (npl1BpeAHl1L\l1). rpaAOBl1Ma TprOB1J,H11 3aHaTJIl1je xao npl1flaAHl111,l1 Tpeher CTa.nezce no-terra cy Aa opraHH311pajy ornop npOTI1B' cPeYAarr113Ma KOjll je 6110 Tel\. Y 3aQeTKy'. I1cToBeTBOCT nurepeca nojeAl1HHx nporpecuia AOBOAH AO crnapan.a 3ajeAH11.4KllX 'lAPy')Kelba, xoia nopez, exononcxor xapaxrepe, rpefia Aa nOBeAY 60p61 npOTHB c\JeYAan113Ma KOjH je ua noi-ronv, re TaKO OBe npo.¢eC110HanHe opraaneeunic jaw Y caMOMe n04eTKY Ao611Bajy

TPM

cranexca-

xopnopennie. Ca cP0PMI1Aa ce iacno 06eJIe~

OH11 KO;],1 paTyjy

(unei-mh«),

OHl1 KOjH

no

ce

M nOJI11Tl14K11xapaxrep. Kpan.eaa ua np, Y <PPdHll,YCKOj nOT;llOMcDKY OBe l1HCTl1TY'll,l1je y.60p611 npOTl1BY MonHl1X cbeYAdna. Flpodiecaoaenne KopnopalJ,l1Je uarno ce MHO)Ke, 11 YAPy')KeHllM
ii*

68
npMBpeAI-H1~H1 nOTf10MorHYTH oA ncnrpanae anacr 11 YCKOPO nOCTvDK)! rr0311THBHe pesynrare ca Ao611ja}beM rpaA'" CKl1X aYTOHoMwja y 1'1HOrJ1M noicpeiuuer-ra. Koprtopauaje Aajy 11 npsa aAMlIlHYlCTpan-1BHH anapar cno60AHYlM rpaACKHM 0[1wTMHaMa. MeOVTl1M, TOKOM Xlll uexe, KdAd Ie no6eAY y EBPOOVl. OA1-!eo cPeYAaJll?13dlYl, OBe xopnopeuuie ry6e csoi nOJUi" TH4KH 3l-ld4aj VI nperaapaiv ce Y LIVlCTd nporpecaouanua YAP\? 2Kellid 3d 3aWTl1TY JlvP-1Hl1Xnarepece CBOjl1X YJtaHOBd. OA Ae .. MOKpaTCKHX 11. peq)OpMHCT114KI>lX l1HCTMTYlJ,l1ja OHe ce uperaapajr Y KOH3pBaTHBHe 11 eKCKnY-3WBHCTt1L1Ke11 TMMe ry6e CBdK'l CHaraMu.
CJUi4.HOCT ca

UWjdMd y HCTOM nepVloA'l npet-reua lia BanKaHcKoM IlonvoCTPBY. One esponcxe xopnopeunje, YMeCTO Aa paAe 1-Ia YHa .. npeheu.v npuspeae, TIOCTaj)? 036J.11lb1-laCMeTtba CB3KOMe KO 6w xceneo Ad ce 6aJ3J.1 HeKl1M 3dHarOM rneAajynH 'i[_ I-bera csora KOJ-Jl<:ypeHTa. M19or06pojHe cy 61-me Wl1KdHe 11 Bem1KH J.13Aa~11 Aot( [e nexo l:IOBOnWue npHMJbel-JO y peA xcpnopanaie Jtl AOOl1JlO MajcTopcKO npaeo, BrracT -rorrepnpa OBa1(130 creu.e. jep

xopnopanuieera

Y crapor-t

BeK)? 11 ca

xoorropa-

ITp., npez, icpe] XVll BeKa 'l Ilapusv

xoie cy YKymlo 6pojane

KpaJbeBl1Ma rmahejv BeID1Kl1 AaHaK, a no csojol KOH3epBaTl1BHOCT14 ncrore cv ci-repe KqO 1..J,pKBa 1-1 snacrene. CRaKO Bene Mec'rO HMa nemuca 6poj xopnopauuia. T'lKO, Ha
l1MaMO 1551 KOprropa1..J,vlj'i, 17080 MajcTopa, 38000 nOMotlHMKa 11

xopnopannle

CTdl-be rpaie cne AO noiane JI116epa]JJ.13Ma 'i nOM eKoHoMHjl1 11 aenaice J.1HAYCTp!1je, y. npl1BpeAYl, xoie nOy.l1JbY Ad ce 60pe npOTl1BY cBaKor OrpaHl11.}e1ba cn060Ae paAd WTo cl:>paH~YCKa penonvnaia 'lBOAH 11 'l npaKTHLJHH iKH.BOT. T01(OM XIX seica rrporbccuoaanae ce xopnopannje pac ... naAajy nOCTeITeHO y nenoi EBPOITl1 uanopez,o ca orraAafueM 3dHaTd. OBe YlI-ICTHTY1..J,l1je HaiAY)Ke cy ce 3aAP2KBne y IJOSdPAapjl', C1(OPO AO rrpne 4eTBpTHHe XX sexa. m1THLJKoj

6000

Oaaxno

VqeHHKd.

Flpanua xaparerep icoprtopauuja

ITpoc.PeCI10HaJ1He xoprtopeunte

y cpe,n.l-beM seRY
cy

y CpeAl-beM neKY

61,me ~

ioui 113 cancra nosenca neranne l1tICTllTY~Mje, oaofipeue OA crpaue BJTdAaOua pa3tH1M ITOBeJbaMd. Y ctJpaHll,YCKoj jow 1-13 A06a Xeapuxa I nocroie 113BeCHe pernar-renrana]e 0 xoprropal_\l1jaMo, V. Hena-ncoi 113 aper-rena ¢peAepJ.1Xa 1. UPKBd 14. BIJa~ crena '1 JIOt4eTKY ueoaz,o rneAajy OBa rpazcxa YAPY2Kel~ba,

nopauale ce nperaapalv

dJl1.1

13peMeI:lOM,

KdAa

ce cpeYAanHl1

CHCTeM YTBPQyje,
YCTaHoBe,

a KOpOHe Ha-

KOH3epSdTl1BHe

ua aCHoBY ctuauiytua xoju je AOHOCHJ1a OCHl1J3aLJKa cKynwTHHd, a 'i MHorHM nOKpajHl-IaMd nOTBPDHsdnd upxseae yrrpaBa 11 BnaCTeJU1H.51-tilo je nOKytuaja Ad ce Y HeKl1M 3eMJbdMa AOHee)! jeHoo6pa3H11 CTdTYTl1 3d cBe nporpecaouanae Kopnopa ...

anase Ha nyHy nornopv KOA Knt<lpa 11 KOA snacrene. YWyTpaWlbd OprGlHl.13a~Mja xopnopaunja 6HJJa je M3beAeHa

69 l\Hje. OBe icopnopaunle nr-rane cv TPH BpCTe npl1IJaAHHKa: r-rajcropa, IlOMOhHHKd 11 Y4eJ-fl1Ka. HHKO Hl1jeMorao IlOCTaTl1 upaanu MajeTop 6e3 OAo6pelba xopnopauaie AOT114Hor sa .. uara. Kopnopeunie cy oxpehaaane rmare IlOMOhHl1L\HMa 11 Y4eHl1L\l1Ma, 113pl1L1.aJIeAHCL\l1ITJIl1HCKeKd3He 11 6pl1HYJIe ce 0 nanpencv 3dHaTa. Kopnopauuj« C'l nr-tane CBe aTpH6}?Te npasnor JIHu,a, MOrJIe cy z ao TaKBe noccaoearu, pacnorrararu l1MOB11HOM, np11MaTH saaeurrau,e, 611T11CTpaHKa npez, CYAOM 11 rrpez, rpehUM JI11qHMa l1TA- KOA OB11X xopnonauuia iaersa ce rrpnu nyT 11 l1HCTl1TYL1.11ja oll~oBa WTO Hl1je 6110 cnYLIdj ¢ KOA icopnopauaia Y PI1MY 11 Y Bkl3dHTl1jH.
COQl1jaJIHH

3Haqaj

xoprropauaja

CpefJ,lbeM BeRY.

nopauuie cy 6:VIJ1e I10peA npnspenue HHCTl1Tyu.l1je 11 nonnru-uce oprauuzeunje. OHe cy Y311Mane 2Kl1Bor Y4ewha y 6op611 3a aYToHoMldjy nojeAl1Hl1x rpaxona H npHMarrl1 aKTHBHor Y4ewna y oprauusauai» aAMY1l-Jl1CTpalJ,l1je noicznunx rpaaoua. MeD'lTl1M

CBe AO YTBPDl1Satba

dievxanaor

pe)Kl1Ma Y EBpOnl1, KOp-

TOKOM XIII aeica OBe ry6e CBO] nOJIl1T114Kl1 3Ha4dj 11 npcrrsapajy ce y LIi1CTO npl1Bpe,1,He npoc\JeCHOHaJ1He l1BCTl1TYL1.l1je eKCKJIY3HBl1CT114Korcapaicrepo, CBOAeiiH csoie Aenal-be uaixetuhe i ua TO Aa cnoie LIJraHOBe 3dWTl1Te OA CBdKe r-rorvhe KOHKYpeaunje. CRdKa -xopnopeuuia rrpexo l1CrIl1THe KOMHcYlje (jures) Te)Kll Aa oner-rorvhu CTBapal-be HOBHX r-iaicropa. Tpeiau,e yqel-ba zauara 6HJIO je npno AYTO 11 napapano oA 3-13 roAHHa. Bpo] yy.eHl1Ka 6110 je orpauu-ieu 11 KOA MBorl1X xoprro .. oeunia Y4ellie seuara 61'1Jloje nacnexuo y Al1peKTHoj JIMHl1jl1. Y y.eHl1lJ,i1 614TIl1 cy OCTaBrbeH!1 ITOTnYHO aa BOrbY csor MajcTopa; CTaTYTH roaope l1CKJbY4lJBO 0 npanana t-iaicropa, a SPJIO Mam1 l1X je 6poj ( cnere jeAaH AO caz,e n03HaT) KOjl1 ronopn 11 0 lbHXOBHM AY2KHOCTl-1Ma. a ce nonoacn r-raicropcxa l1eITHT A Dl1nO je norpefiuo Aa KaHAl1AdT npe csera nanpaen HeKO per-rex Aerro, 11110Je Y MHOfl1M CJI'lLIajeBl1Ma saxreuano no HeKOJIl1KOrOAHHa pdAa; Aa TInaTM Bl1COKY l1CTIl1THYTaKey 11 Aa oA06pOBOJbH QJIaHOBe l1CDl1THe KOMl1cHje CK}?TIl1MnoxnoHi1Ma 11 o6aBe3HMM 6aHKeTOM. Aa ce n0J10~11 r-teicropcicn McnllT norpefino ie 6HJIO OA 1.000-2.000 nneape. Ilopez, rora HOBH MaJCTOp xopao je Aa nabe JIOKdJI Y 4apwl1jll AOT114Hor senara, jep c'l CBH zauaru 611JIl1crporo ITOAeJbeHl1 no CBOjl1M 4apwHjaMa. Pa3YMe ce Aa OBaKBl1M nocrvnnana xopncpaunie HJACY 51.me Hl1YKOJIUKO xopncue npnapcaue l1HCTl1TYL\uje, Te cy y cottl1janHoM norrreA'l l1rparre auiue HeraTl1BHY ynory 11 cnvra .. Bane npnspexu» nanpeaex no rpaaosune, a ca pa3Bl1TKOM ripexor-iopcxe TprOBl1He 11 eeruuce l1HAYCTpl1je nocrane cy irenOTpe6Hl1 apxaasr-iu. 3aTO cy 11 ca npaBOM HaIlaAaHe 06, crpaue cno60AHl1X AYXOBa. Ibux [e 611no QAaBHa nperasnno

70
BpeMe 11 npvlBpeAI111
3dTMM

)Kl1BOT ct-rarpao

unie, a

no-rene Ad ce pacnaAajy,
nocreneuo

npeo y u,erroj EBPonM.

KaAa cy Y cPpaH~YCKoj DaCITe pesonvl1X 143ITt.1WHUM

Kopnopauaje y Iloaapaapiv
Ilpodiecnonanae
Hl1M CrrOBeHHMa

xoprropeuaje

HMCY 6ane

TI03l1are

]YlK,..
[10 ...

CBe AO l:bHXOBOr AonacKa H3pa3HTo

Ha oanKaHcKO

nOJbOnpl1Bpe,4,HH H cTOllapCIQ1 HapOA, 11 3dAPY)KHHM ypel;e1beM, 01'-111Hl'lC'f MMaJIl1 rpaAOBa, rpaacxor CTdHOBHHWTBa }1 cpeAt-ber crenezca yoawTe, KOjV1 611 ce 6aBHo rpaACKOM npuapenoi-r. Ilonspexne norpefie nOAM14p.t-U3dJ1e C'l 3aAPyre 11 AOMarn1HCl'Ba xao sarsopcaa 11P11" npeAHl1 KorreKTI1BMTeTM; 3dHarCTBO je 06aBJbdHO y o6nwKY Kytu1e PdAMHOCTliI! a rpronnne I-lMje 6}ma opreuuzouana. 3ayca

nyocrpBO. Kao

TIneMeHCKlAM

311Mdl-beM B113aHTHjcKHX.rrpoaannaie OCTpl3Y Ol-iH C'f J-laHWllU ua aenuxe

Ha

BaJllCaliCL\OIVJ 1-1 ua

Ilonv-

rpaaose

pa3Bl1jeHH

ypaACK1-1
TY-UHje

npHBpeAtill 21<VlBOT. Kao y nOJIVIT¥14KOM 11 rrpasnor« nornez, ,{, h?)KHIJ. CnOBeHl1 npHM1-1fIll cy OA Bkt3aHTHje 11 HHCTl1eKOHQMCKOr

sauuie
3d

'lKOJU1KO

je upexueeno

xapaxrepa, Tj. sauare Yl 3aHaTCKe OpCdHl1 .... «opnopauaie. 3are4.eHO rpaACKO CTaliOBHY1WTBO,

nepaoz,

CnOBeHe crpauor rropexne, cnofioxuo La ce 6aBtl rpaAcKoM

3d HdTMlYlO, AOK
OB,! CilOBeHl1 II

sepeapcsux Haje3Ad, na je OHO 1,1 HdAaJbe

51-lITO je
ocrano

rrp1-iBpeAGM: :rprOBYlHOM 1A Hl1CY noxesueana unrepecosau.e sa

cpeAH:>er BeKB cxopo aenposseaseue, rorrepupeue H -iecro rro-raraue uA crpaue BJIaCTl1. Pa3YMe ce Aa rpaz, xa rrpanpeaa y CJ10BeHCK14M AP'" )j{ BaMa Hl1je Morna 11i'1aTI1 oHaI rroner «ao PdHHje 'l B113aHTHjl1, jep tiOEO CTaHOBHVlWTBO DaJJKal-lCKOr Ilonvocrpna liMje 11.J:.tlarro OHe rrorpeoe xao paH14jH pa3BwjeHH rpaACKH )1(v1130T, Te cy MHOfl1 3aHaTH noxena H Aa OrraAa],{. TeK [TOCIle XI BeKd rpan'!
CJl013eHCKI.1M

CTOLJBPCKYI xapaxrep. ~t.1je OCTane cy H.

npl1BpeAY

l1aAaJbe 3dAP2KaJIH caoi 3ervrIbopaAHMYKH " Cra pe Bl13aHTI1jcKe rrpvlBpeAHe HtlCTl1T'lAP2KaBaMd

CI(a

npaspeaa

11

cnOBeHCKMM
113B03Hd

HaITpeAaK, KaAa
ce

TprOI3HHa Cd YlCTOKa 11 npena HCTOK)!. Iloncpaap]e crrY)Kl1 KaO epno Bd)KHa nocpeAHH4Ka 06naCT. Ilopez, nocpcaanurrno Y TIOBdPAdpjy ce paAe H3BeCKe
113BeCHa

xpehe

no-uuse

npexo

AP)KaBaMa

nokasvic

BanKaacKor

Ilonvccrpna

li5BeCTaH

Aa

rronY-Ilpepa1)eBHHe sa Yl3R03 npei-ia JdAPdl-lCKOM Mopy. TIa MITaK 6poj Il031-1aTHX 3dHdTa Huje 6110 TatCO BennKH, Hl1Tkl :3aHaTCKe
tid

opraH113dlJ,ldje raxo Mrloro6pojHe. Ilpez, Icpaj cpncxe CpeAl-beSeKOEHe AP)!(ase y AYWdHOROM 3dKOt-lHK'l Hai-1JIa3MMO
cneAehe 3dHaTe: KOBdYKH.I rpH4apClC1-1 c.SYlTapCKMl

xapcxa,
'lffopeAH

KO)K'l-

CKoptTIaHCKl1, La

KaMeHOpe3aYKI1

)(a3dHl,H1jCKJ.1, AP13oAeJbCI<i-1, 3HAapCKH, VI ceAlIapC101 OBO [c :HrTdK rrper-rano KdAa ce

3eMfbaMa

Ileurpanue

Espone.

OCTdlll1.M

CpeA03eMHor

6a3eHa

HJIll

71 YlUUl4aj Typtuca Ita paseujan.e sanatuctusa. -

csoie

ua nanKaHCKO r Ionvocrpao, 611JIH cy Y TOKY HeKOJJHKO BeKOBd Y HenpeCTaHOM paTOB:d-bY ca B113aHTl1joM

excneuzuie

Tvpun

ripe

Y Manoj

A3HjM ne C)! nperpnenu Y AOAHP,! ca BH3aHTl1joM 11 senu KI1 YTl1u,aj IbeHHX nOJIl1Tl1'-1Kl1 npaeunx X, 11 eKOH01'1CKl1X l1HCTl1T'lu,Mja. nOUJTO Hl1CY l1MaJIl1 pa3BYljeHl1 rpaACKl1 npuBpeAHJ.1 )K1180T, OHM cy npl1MHJIItl. OA B113dHT}lje H MHore HOBe 3aHdTe na 11 3aHaTCKe HHCTl1T'lu,l1ie, xoprropaunje, 3aHaTl1Ma, 3aHaTCKOM anarv H 3aHaTCKl1M opraaaseuniar-ra OHH Aajy jeAl1HO csoia l1MeHa, Benl1HOM apericxor H uepcucxor nopexna, AaKne ca-ro ca diopr-renae crpaue OH11 .l1X npunarobenaiv l1cnaMY AOK 11Ml-bYlXOBa CaAP)Kl1Ha 11 AaJbe ocraie B113aHTl1jcKa. TYPU,l1 3aY311Ma1-beM l1anKaHcKof Ilonvocrpne neuneze 11 Y 1-berOB11M rpaAOBl1Ma ua npuBpeAY xoie y OBOl cpraHM3aLl,11jl1 HMa B113aHTYljcKH xapaxrep, KOlY 11 OHl1 3aAP~KaBajy Aajynl1 joj jeAl1Ho TYPCKY repr-tanonornjv. Kcpnopeunie Ha3YlBajy eCHacPl1Ma (ecuad: ie nnyparr OA aparrcke pe411 CYHYcP'lJI U1TO 3Ha4J1 pacnopex, upcra, pez, 11 11 y npeuocnox IT , c-nicnv, opranasauuie). Pet{ sanar raxohe ie apancxor nopexna 11 Aond311 oz, pey.l1 ceaar WTO 3HaL111 3aHl1Md1be. CKOPO CBl1 3dHar!1 l1 anarxe xoie ce ynoTpe6Jba13ajy Ao311Bajy rvpcice, OAHOCHO apancica l1nu nepcnicxe l1MeHa. JY'>KHH LJlOBeHl1, Y HeAocTdTK'l csoie BnaCT11Te repi-iauonoruie, YCKOPO npHMajy rvpcxa m-reua, xoia ce yocranoM ynoTpe6Ibo.Bdjy 11 y onurreu.v ca anaurhv, 11 icoia cy ce y MHOfl1M noxpaiuuar-re ioui 11 AaHac 3aAP)Kand. Ba»O-ll-1je rvpcxe pewn, nopez, ecuecpa 11 zauare, a xoie cy 6vme y Be311 ca osur-re 6l1Jle cy cnexehe: ecuadi-vnune, vera .. 6awa, PYcPeT, «andia, 411paK, xax, ajrr'lK, caHAK, rcdrrep, naja, -iavm, M'lU1Tepl1ja, oprcx, recxepe, 11w4Hja, 4eKMel)e l1TA, Ilopez, rvpcxux pe411 cvcpehv ce KOA uaumx 3aHaTa 11 H3BeCHe Ta~ nuiaucxe peLJH, xoie cy aeponarno npeueceue 113 Ay6poBHl1Ka 11 HeKOnl1KO pe4i1 HeMa4Kor nopekne xoie CBaKaKO Aarl1pajy OA HeMa4Kl1X PYAapa Caca 3a nper-re Tvpexa 3aHaTCTBQ Y Ilonepxepiv je AO)K11BenO HeBepOBaTaH npocnepurer. TYPlJ,11 cy 6l1JIl1 y BehL.1Hl1rpaACKO craHOBHMWTBO, a YKOJIl1KO cy )J'<:11Benl1 no CeJIl1Ma 11 t.tl1cPJIyM 1l,l1Ma, l1MaJUl cy norpefie xoie cy ce jeA1~Ho Morne nOA~1L.1pl1n1 KOA 3aHdTJIl1ja no BapOWl1Md: ozeno, cuasehe CTBapL.1, pa3Hl1 HaKl1Tl1 l1TA. Ilopex rora TYPCKO CTaHOSHYlWTBO, Ko.o rocnoAdpCKa"H BojHl1L1Ka ioraca, spno ce je MdJIO 6aBl-tnO npuspeaHHM nOCITOBl1Ma, re je CraJIHO 611110vnvheuo TPiKl1W'fY. Ilocne 6YPHHX apcr-reua ocaaieu.a, nacraie nepuoz, penarnsnor MYlpa 11 iasue CHrypHOCTYl, na no-nuse Aa ce Y Oroneucxo] ur-me .. P:l1jl1 pessnia 'lHYlpaWl-ba 14 Me1)YHapoAHa TprOB11Ha, Y icoio] Iloaapaapie Ao611Bd Hap0411Tl1 nOCpeAHJ.14KIA 3HaQaj. Bemll(11 naHal),fPl1 KOjl1 ce nepHoA114HO AP)Ke no Betl11M rpaAoBl1Ma Iloaapxapja rakohe YTl1LJY Hd pa3B14TaK rpaxctce npHspeAe .. Csc OBO AOBOAH AO pacusera TprOBHHe, a Hap04HTO zauar-

72
CTEc, 1>1 Ha MHO)Kelhe 5a1::1aTCKl1Xoprauusauaia. CBaKM rpaz, 11 rpaAHh MMajy MHoro6pojHe 3,aHaTCKe opraaasaualc Y KojHMa cy YAP,?2KeHI-l CBM sauarx 11 ~erroKylll;:a TprOBl1Hd. TYPl..\l1 ce .epno r-rano 6aBe 3aHaTHMd, JyrocnOoeHH rexobe l1Majy cna6H narepec 3d rpaAcK'l npuBpeAY re seuara 11 'IprOBHHa cy no-

i-rene. TeK
rrpnspeae

fITaBHTO Y PYKaMa Ieepcie. Ay6pOBy.aHa,

t Il04eTKY: XIX nexa 11 ]yrocrrOBe1:U1 nO UllhY Ad ce MI-lTepeC'ljy se rpaACK'l npHBpeAY, Aa Y4e seuare H Aa ce 6aBe :rprOBi1HOM. OHM 'lCKOPO 3dY3HMai'l 51-laTaH Aeo rpaAcKe
L

Tpka, Ilaauepa

11 [ep-

rpaje 'l

11 OAHOce npenarv

no

eCHacPllMa;

OOBapAapjy

CBe AO 6am\;aHCKor

para. Ilocne

OBdKBO creise
ocrro6o ..

1)elba HOB11 npl1BpeAHll )KUBOT AOBOAl1 AO uarnor oIlaAalba 3a1'faTCTBa a THMe 14 eCHdcPl1 T'f5e oz, csor 3Hd4aja 11 Il041-H-bY nonaxo Ad ce pacnaAah~. 3aK01-1 0 paAlbaMa OA 5 HOBeMGpa 1931 r. YKl1Aa. l1X 11 cnpOBOAl1 HOB'l opraH113a~Hj'l rpaz.cxax
npl-mpeAHHKd

icao

11

y npMl-lYAHd YAPy:tl(elha Y rpronancxe, );IHA'lCTp'MjcKe 11

rproaaua
3al;dTCKe

«osrope.

H 3dHaTJT14ja

Opraaaaauuja

eeuadia

xoia ce je cacroiana oA vcra-fiaiue, 4a¥illa, nucepa 11 12 CTa.. pujHX r-raicropa. Ha '-len)! ecuodia craiao je hexaia KOjV{ je 6MO y HeK}! PYKY AerrenlpaHl1 xonecap OA crpane I3JIaCTfl. OpeKO Ihera je eCHa¢ jeAl1HO Morao OII1JJT14TVl anacnora. ca CBaKH je eCHacP l1MaO csot nexar (M'lYP) 11CBojrr Kaey (caHAK). Ynpasa eCHd¢a pauaie [e AP)1(an~ ceoie CeAHl11J,e y 0Aarrapy AOTHL1:nor ecnadie, a AO~Hl1je, 1 dAa c'l npecrarru oxanepa, OBe cy ce CeAHMlle AP)lcane 'l HapOY!4TOM rrokanv. Iiexaia. - Y nora hexaje ¥ eCHacPY 611Jla je spno 3Ha4ajRa. Y l-berOBklM PYKaMa ie 6Hna CKOHLl,eHTpacaHa BpXOBHa ynpasue 11 C'lAcKa EnaCT AOTH4Hor ecnadia. Ilpe caera hexaja je 6110 AY2KdH Aa WTl1Tl1 AP)KaI3He HHTepece 1>1 Aa MOTPH Ad ce 3dKOH He Il!::mpeAl1. 3aTHM 011. je OrJIllTHO ca CBl1Ma anaCTllMd y l4Me ecuadie. nexaja Rl1je 6110 nOCTaBJbeH OA crpaae BnaCTH, Hero ie 6HpaH OA crpeue ecaadia a nOTBp1jeH 0A

HHC'l HManl1 rrpano rrraca. CKyrrWTJ.1Hll je nperceaaeao hexeja, a Y n.eronosr OCycTBy YC'Ia~6awa. Ha cKynmTl11il1 ie 6HpaHa ynp3Ba ecaadie, pacrrpaen-auo [e 0 14eHH po6e 110 rOAl1WtbHM TIJIdTaMa noi-rohuor ocofirse, Ytipas« eaaufia. - CBaKl1 eCHacp 11Mao je cBOjy yrrpaBY,

EClla{/JCKe c/cyliuullllJle. - 0811 cy ce cKynOBYl. APlKdJili npene norpefia, an14 Hajl'1dl:be jeAdH nyT rOA11111I-be. Iia 'tbHMd cy AOHoweHe Ba)KHe 0AnYKe xoje C'l uarepecouane HHI1 TdHrnpane ecuerb. Ilpeno rnaca MMaJU1 cy car-to MajcTopH; KdJIcPe C'l srorna npacvcrsonara cKynlliTl1H Ma, Y311MarM pe-r, aJll1. .

ECHacp+l cy OHUU OpraHl130adHM Ha OCHOBY cTaTYTa, KOjtl cy Hdj4ewne 611JU1 nerrncena 11 npeHOC14JH1 ce KdO TpaAMLl,Hja. ECl:1dc)J C'[ Cd4J11uaBarra cnexehe rene: rOAl1wl:be cKynwTl1He, 'lrrpaBa, hexaja l1 LlJIaHOBl1:

73 anacru.
CBprHYT

BI.d.PdH
C osor

je

06114HO AO)KHBOTHQ, arm ie r-iorao

aKO eaBeCHO He

611T11

paAl1 nOCJIOBe e~ CHacpa 11 aKO a TOMe 0AJlY411 eCHa¢CKd cicyrnuraua. Tiexaie je 6110 'lEeK MYCITHMaH. Y TIO'4.eTKY je 6110 jeAdH 38 cse eCHadie, a AOUH}lJe CBaKl1 eCHacP 6Hpao je ceor hexaiv. 3a aBO MeCTO OTHMaITH cy ce MHorVl MYCJU1Malill, [ep je OHO AOMOCl1JlO nerre TIpMXoAe. KOMoerelil.\l1Ja nexaje 6}ma je spiro aemuca, OH je pacnopehuneo LlapwlIlje IJojeAllHHx 3dHaTa1 BOAHO BPXOBHll l-idA30P HdA paAOM ecaarpe, uacrolasao Aa npeAMeTl1 Y AO~ TH4.HOM 3aHaT"l 6YAY COJU1AHOH3pal)eaw1 OApet)l1BdO 11M u,erry. OH je 113AdBdO ITOMOnH114KY AWITnOM'! 1-1 MajcTopcKO nacr-io. Hl1KO Haje i-rorao OTBOPHTH paAfuY 6e3 lherOBor oAo6pel-bd. li14Tl1 ce je HeKOMe MOrJIa 3aTBOp14TH peAlba 6e3 npHC-TaHKa hexaie. OH je OApet)l'lBaO 6poj urerpra icoie Mory AP2Kanl IIOjeAl-H-1l1 MajcTOpl1. 'hexaie ie npuneo TY)K6e, BOAHO acrparv 11 113pllJ4aO npecYAe Y AorOBOPY ca YCTa-6amOM 14 OCTaJlliM 4.naHOBTIMa ynpaBe ecnadia, KaAa ce ie TH1.:(dJ10Kampa, cacnv1llaBaJ-l je 6110 npeTCTaBHl1K KaJIcPd; y ellY :l3jy uierpre, cacnvl11aH. je nperCTaBHHK OBl1X. Ka3He cy 61,me pa3Jll1lU1Te. HaponOJIO)Kaja

«asae 611ne cy 6aTl1He DO' Ta6aHl1Ma. CBaKa je eCHdcPCKd yrrpaBa VlM3rra jeA~Y uepo-urrv crrpasv Koja ce 3Bana dianexe, nonohv icoie je TyqeH oeyl)eHMK 11a 04HrneA ~~J10Ta eCHacpa. YAapau,a ie 611110 06H4HO OA 10 AO 2j. Marne

4MTO cy 113pllqal1e

napa. Hajseurhe

crpore

Ka3t-te aKO ce YTSPAl1 KdKBa rrpe-

cy ce li3pl1~aTH 11 tiOB4.5He Kd3He. Oaai je npnxoz, auiao y ecnacpcxv Kacy. Kao npno TeWKa Ka3Ha cr-rarpana je 3a6pa1-la paAa. Oaa 3a6paHa je MOfJIaAa ce 113pH4e cer-ro 3a ozpe-

heuo apene,

aJIH He 3d CTanHO.

OHa

je r-rorna

AaHa AO 5 He~eJba. Kao uajreace Ka3Ha y. je cr-rarpai«: npOKJIeTCTBO. YCllta-6awa ie sacrvnao ecuadi y I1J.1TepHl-tM nOCfIOBl1Ma.

TpajaTM OA 3 paHYljt1M BpeMel::HIMa

CTP'lqHltlM

ce

Oft

ie paAl10
M_

OCTaJU1M l{naHOBl1Ma

6aruo je 6110

cra-oeiua 't CTBapMMd Koje cv ce ruuane novohnor OC06Thd. 011 je 6.110 6HpaH 1:1a CKYIllllTH1-111 ecuedia }l3Me!)\! erepniax

KaA,rfia-6aUla

qYBap

ecuedicxor
je

'lnpaBe

11 AOUOCHO

OAJl'tKe y CarJIaCHOCTi1 a no op_06pel-bY hexaie. Y era-

MMdO

ne-tara, CKOPC? Y1CTOBeTHY

ynOT'l

xao

1-1

y-

Kdncpa.
npHnaAIiHUH
CBaKH eCHaq:,

ecaadia
xareropaie
C'l
3BanH

l1MaO [e

TPM

npl1naAHk1Ka:
6HJlH

Y4e~

HHKa,

nOMohHYll(.a

14

MajcTopa.

Majcropa

jeAl1HO ny~ ce y.HpaUH. ie

aonpaaaa
Hai-reinhe

4JIaHOBl1. YlleHUlJ,u .. Y LleHlAl\H

N__

cy

Aeua

Y3aHdTY Y4.11Jra 3aHaT csore

3aHdT

c'l
anti

oua,

nocroiac

06HLJaj, Aa 11aKO Aeua \?4e sa·HaT KOA APyror MajcTopa,

11 rrocnY11lHOCTl1. Aeu,a

ceora 011.3, Aa 6H ce 60Jbe

Aa ce Aaj'l Hd
npl1BMKTIH

paAY
a

4UjH pOAHTeJbH HHCY 6J.1JIH. 3aHaTJIl1je,

74
Aeu,a! npso Cy npMlVIaHa 1:1anpofiv, Ad ce HCITMTaj't A,aJU1 1iMajy CKJ10HOCTH 11 CrrOC061:iOCTtl 3a AOTYiY.Hll sauar. Ha 3aHaT cy 06H4HO AaBt~rla Aeu,a crapnie oA 12 TO" Al1Ha, a Mnaba OA 15 rOAHHa. POAMTeJb 1-111}1 crapanau upez.aaao je csoje AeTe l1JJH rrym·illY Majcropy Hd uecrpauaueao pacnonereise. Y 4eHHK je CTaHOBao 11- xpanno ce y K\?I1l1 Majcropeaoi, Kao Harpap;y :"id Y4e1-be 11 KOMrTeH3aL~Hjy 3a I-1cxpaH1,

Hap04JtiTO

censa-uca

pOA,t1TeJbH. c'l
HaMl1pHJ1Ue.

cnana

MajcTOPY, 110

c BpeMeH!3

Ha soer-re uper-ie

143BeCHe
rOAl1He 11

4HpaKOBdl-be

je rpaiano

0611LJHO TPl1

fhmo ie rroaerseno
HHje Ol1fro nocna,

rp»

uepaoae: sa

npsax

uiecr

Meeeu,a Y4em1K je paAltlO cai-ro AOMane nOCJ10Be KOA NajC1'O'" peee K!:ne, a oznesuo je Y paAVlO1-H1U,Y cer-ro KaA~ KOA Kyne

Cnexehux uiecr

6v1BdO

rapauje yt.teHI:1.K
MdTCKH

paA110Hl1Q1--1 11 AaBaHO paAoBe AOTY14HOr sauara. AKO je 1lOCJle rOAVlHY AaHa JlOI(a3HBaO H311eCHe cnocOOHOCTJ.1 sa AOTl1YJ-iit 3aHaT

r-ieceua YL1eHHK je seuihe MY je Aa cspureaa uaiener-rea-

np0Y13Bd1)dH

ie se

»MaJ10r

KaJJcPY«

T.j.

ITOYMlbaO

ie Ad CHCTe-·

Y4H AOTH4HH 3aHdT 1-1 'l TOMe [e 3BafuY rrpoBOA1-10 rryl-lHx ABe rOAl1He. Y4eHHKa le MajcTop Mor ao oreparu y CBaKO Ao6a, aJJl1'
rrpesie
'leTaB)!

6e3 Be.rrt.1We rrorpefie 11 [asor pasnora. Orepanor YQeHl1Ka rU1je Morao saure npl1MHTM r1l1jeAaH r-iaicrop l!13 TOT eCH8c:Pa, jep no eCHacPCKOM ycraBY MajcTop ce vonurre HYlje Morao'
npOMeHYlTH.

ecaadia,

'lEeK ce je na3HJJO

Aa

ce TO He AorO,Ml

KanqJEHCKO npaso 06H4rIO ce ie cTHu,aJ10 DOCITe rpn rOAHHe 4MpaI(Onalba. I\aJl¢e cy paAl-'lilH J.1CKJb'li..JllBO' aaaarcxe nocnone 14 fU1CY ynoTpe6JbaJ3aHV1 sa AOMahe paxone y srajcropeuoi KyOH. I<aJ1cPaMa je cneaonane TITIaTa koie ie 06 l1'-lH G) ClApel)vlRdHd 1'0AYlill.1De (OA Ml1TpOBAaHa AO Ml1TPOBAaHa), d nopcx HJJaTe Ao61113anH cy 113BeCHe crnepn '? l-laTYpw 113 AOT¥lLlHor 3aHaTa: rrap o6yne, nap oaena V11'A-Kanrbe 11 411pau,a lionHBanH (')7 pal-H1je 'l eCHa¢CKOM 0AaJIapy, a rrocne iseroaor \"KHAaJ-bd Y MajcTopeBoj Kytlv1. JiI3'Metti xandia M
nO.ll!lOfiflUl~U. -

4H.paKd

crporo

ce je

na311TIO 11a panr,

A)PKHYl Ad ce ITOKOpaBajy Bajy l-bVlXOBa Hapety?l"ha.

cy 4HpaUH 6V1JU1 KancPdMd 11 6e3 rrorouopa nxnpiua .. PyY8BaJI11 c1 sajeAHo, a Haj4ewhe

re
»Ha

MajcTop

4BBao
xandie

ce CB010M nopOAVl~OM j,1 J~eJIOK'lnHl1M OC06JbeM P'l"" je 3a HCTWM CTOJJQM (cocbpa). CBojHMd C'l 411pal1,101 W
06kll;lHO 0ATId3HJ)YI
Cy60TOM

npOMeHY«

T.]. Aa npo-

MeHe Hew, Ad ce QK~naiy, J.1TA. AKO l111C'Y 6v1J1M 1.13 1t1CTora' MeCTa. OI..JAa C'l_ 0AJ1d3UJH1 cano 0 BenMKl1M npa3H_Vl1\~1Ma, 0 Y CKPCY, 50)KHhy, Ml1TPOBAdHy. 1<00 VI npHJTl1KOM B6)1(111-1X 13aH~ peAHl1X Aoral)aja y nopOAMUH: CMPTHI1 CII)?4aL CJ3aA6e J.1TA. Kancbe Hl-'lCy 6HnH. rtvuortpeuuu lHlaJ-IOBl1 ecnadia, OliVl cy jeAYlHO HMam1 npaso yyeCTB013a1ba ua CKYUlllTH.HYi ecuarha, am4'
He H npano r0130p<1 11 rnaca. Kandie je 6VlO AY)KaH Aa nposez,e

HajMal-be ABe rOAMHe-

75
xao nOMohHHK1 aauou rora je CTMlJ,dO npaso. Hd nonaraise MajcTopCKor HenHTa. /1a ce AOTJYCTlA Kan¢a Ha MdjCTOPCKl1 l1CJ]HT 61'trlo ie ]JoTpe6HO Aa Hay.l1Hl1 nap ozena, nap uanene, KO)Kqx MTA· nper-ia TOMe KOMe je 3al-1aT'f npanez.eo. OBO ie nperneAdBd,o hexeie co. ycra-6awoM t1 12 yna110Bd ynpase ecnadie, ITa aKO HaD)! Aa je Ao6po ypal)eHo npornaurase na C'l ra 3d MajcTopa. . ' MajcUlOjJ. - KdAa ce KaJ1cPanporrracn 3d MajcTopa, HO~ BOM MajcTOP'l AynaH-JIOKaJI [e Hana3HO car-t ecuerb, a MajcTop je norebeo Cdl'10 0 KMPHjH. KaAa je urerpr rrocraiao KdncpOM, Ao6u13ao je 0.8, t-rajcropa Hajll<~)Tpe6.HHje aJIaT1~e. AOlJ,Hl'lje K80 Kanq)a OH je 11 C9.M Hd6aBIbao anar, a KaAa ie oraapao AY'"

han «ao
ecnadia aKO je

KaAa

MajC'FOp, AO rYfudBao je [lOBH M8.jCTOP oruapao

Aorra3HJU1
.6.110

ie

A'lna1-l,

urro

MY je 61--nfO nOTpe6HO~

cy- jow

npaora

AdHd

CMpOMaWHor

CT81-ba Cl:3aKO

MajcTOpY1 H3 l1CTOra Aa MY QeCn1Tajy 11 My je AOHOCHO no-

Hd rrOK110H. Aa ce )Ke1-le. Tete KaAa ce nOCTaHe MajcTopoM YOBeK ie CMaTpaH CIloc.o6Hl1M Aa OCH'lje ,6;OM 11 Ad xpanu CBojy nopOAHlfl. Haiscuihe cy ce HOI3Yi MajcTOpM. )1{eHHJ111113 nopozuue rAe cy Y4HIH1 ::laHaT, AofiMj.ai'lDl1 OA

HeWTO oA csoj€!

Kampe HHCY MOrJIH

po6e

cnor MajcTopa y3 AeBojK'l 1'1 HeWTO xarnrrana

npaBHK car-tore

Ad orsope

Ayt1qH.

Flporbecaoaanue jow OA n04eTKd 6Hne C,? neranae OPTaHH3a~l-1je, oeuoaaae aa OCH013Y CTarYTa H onobpcae OA HaAne)KHe snacru. 3a BpeMe BYl3dJ-tTVlje OHe c'[ paAHne 'l 0611MY, KOjH cr-ro parU1je Ol1l1Can1--1, cpeAl-beSel{OBl1e jy)l(J10~CJIOBeIiCKe AP)l<OBe YCBajajy 3dTe4eHO crause H «oprtopauaie ocreiv Cl\OpO Mere KaQ 11paHJ1je 'l BJ.13dHTHJH, ca MO)KAa He3HdTHY!X yntLl,aja 11 CJ1Tl-U1X M~MeHa «oie C'l Aona3Mrre npexo Ay6pOBHMKd us AP2KdBWJ.a JaAPdHCKor Mopa. TYP11,H YHoce I(OA OBYlXopreuusertaja cai-ro CBOjy repMHHOTIOrYljy, arm q,aKTHy.HO cranse l-h\1XOBO Jtl AdJbe 3aAP)l{dBo)Y np1131-l.ajyrH1 HM neTaJ1HOCT. JeAVlHO YSO,Ae jeAHo HOBO reno y ynpaBY eCHacj)a a TO Ic hexe!e y 4Mjl1M P'lKdMa ie Cl<OH""

ecaaeha xoprropauaje y iloBaPAapjy,

icaparerep

LteHTpMC5Hd uenoxvnna nnacr ecuarba, aIm neseua se carnac- . nocr uene ynpaBt', 6e3 xoie hexaie HHje r-iorao Aa AOHOCH nerarme OAn'lls:e. CynTdH MycTdcjJa III ¢epHaHOM oA 1773 roAMHe 113jeAHa4aca cse crarvre ecuadie 'I Oror-taacko] l1MrrePHjl{ H rrpornrcv]e CT3TYT o6pa3aq no KOMe ce HMajy AOHeTl1 crarvr« nojeAl1H14X ecnarba. Ha ouai Hat.tHli HHCTl1TYJJ.1--1janpo¢eC110HdJJHl1Xxopnopeuuia Ao611ja nerennocr rt y n0311Tl1BHOM 3i-lKOHOAdBCTBY OTOMaHCI{e ViMnepl1je. oaonc cPePMdHY KOMneTeHQJ.1ja eCHacjJu loin eunre ce npouiupvje, iep Ao6yma npano pellJaBa1-ba l13"seCHl1X 3aHaTJJl1]cKYlX cnoposa KOj14 c,¥ pa H'ne 1Jld3HJIU y KOMlleTeH~l1jY' peAOJ.?,HYlX CYAoBa.

no

CZUautYlltu. CTdTYTH C't 6Hnl1 OCHOBtid npaauna no l<ojl1Ma je opraHH30BaH eCHaq, 1-1 no Y.MjWl'1OApeA6aMd je 6110

76 A1)KaH Aa nocrvna
M

uoxsene craryre,

nereai .. U.1ja ecaerba, Ha411H 511pal-ba hexaie 11 ynpaBe, ynpaBe npexe 4.(TaHoBHMa ecaadia, npene BnaCTl1Ma
nH~HMa; xoi-rrrerenuaja 11 xoi-nrereauale llexale. Ha411H H3pH~at-ba
rpeluu-i
Ci:BdKV1 ie eCHacP 6110 ITOTrrYHO

a 6wno je e-CHBi¢3 1(0jl1 HI1C)! UManl1 nUC3Hl1X Hero c.y ce 3aHaTCKa npaaana OAP2KaBana 1<30 crporo YTBPQeHa TpaAH~liIja. CTdT'lTOM je 51-lIfa ra-iao OApet)eHa KOMynpaBe,
OAHOCl1

nornpbenux

oz, crpaae

'l CBOMe paAY· CTaTYTd ie 6l'mo DHCaHMX HdAJIe)KHl1X nnaCTI1 11 oAo6peHHX OA

11 rrper-ra eCHdc:PCKe CKYTIWTUHe, rrpaso

130M.

eCHacPa nonerau.er-r MajcTopcKor Cneuuiaauux KOMl1Cl1ja sa

ncnara liHje
HJIH 0A.J1YKe xoie

BI1Ma. Crarvrox je 611flO pervnacaao BpeMe Yl1paKOBdl-ba 14 KancPoBalba. OApe1)HBdo je OAHOC 113Me1)y MajcTopa, icanrhe 11 4MpaKa. CTarYT fe Hape1)l1BaO Aa CBdKl1 M'ajcTop jeAHHo M J)Ke Aa OTBOP11 caoiv paAth,? Y Qaptu11.jH AOTH41-:1or seuara 11 joui MHore APyre oApeA6e nper-ra BpeTH senare. KOMUellteHlI,uja ecnadia. - ECHacpl1 C,£! 6uJ]]{ 06pTHa, CYAH cxa 11 113BPWHd BITaCT .se csojc -nraaoae .. OA06peJ-be sa ornapdlbe pClAlbe AaB~O je hexaja npexo csora ecnadie. KSaJJHqH1Kd1U'lja sa sobesse 3dHaTCKe paAl-be [e nOCT113aBaHa npexo

11 usspureuse Ka3He. aYToHoMdH Y cBojl1M nocno ...

ncnarc

npez, u.eronoa ynpa~

MakTopCLU1X 11

Mohlili14Kl1X

611JIO, Y rtpena

noneraise

ccnarpe

no-

BOAHJ1d [e nc-

hexaie rrpeeYAe

cy 51,me 06aBe31-1e sa 411aHOBe ecnarba, I13BpWHBal-be OBl1X rrpecvz,e l1J1H OAnYKd TaKOQe ie 61HlO nosepeuo yrrpaBH eCBaQJa. ECHacP npexo cnor hexaie YBeK ie t-rorao Aa np116aBl1 noxoh APlKa13Hl1X snecra. Cnopao le llvlTaJ.-be Ad JIH cy eCHaqm MOrnYl Aa peuiaseiv Y CTsapMMa xor-mereauaie
crpat-tKd L-Iuje 6l1JIa 3aHaTJ1Vlja.
OrpaID1YdBarra

rperv

ITO CBl1Ma Kpl1B111(aMd CBojHX 4JJaHOBd 11 AOHOCVlJ1a npexo

Y KojMMa jeAHa
je ful1XOBd
a '3a

I13fneAa Aa ce
ua 3al-ldTl1Hje,

jeAMHo

CBe OCTane cnopone KOjll Hl1CY 611JIO 4Y1CTO 3aHdTCli:vl 6110 je HdAne?KclH peaoeau ey A. ECHacp je 6140 iipasfto JlUl48 14 xao Tal(BO r-rorao je Ad no ceAyje l1MOBl1i-Pf 11 Ad l-bOMe pecrronezce, CBaK11 [e eCHa¢ l:1MdO CBOj'l eCliacpCKY xacv ca rOTOBHHOM, a HerAe ie 611JJO cnyqa ... [eua Aa je ecuadi DGCeAOBao 11 HeKpeTl--1HHe. ECHacp je r-iorao 6111'11 CTpaHKa y aAMHHl1CTpaT'I-1I3Hl1M 11 CYACKl1M CnOpOBl1Ma. Iberoso nocroiaise 611HO je Be'-1I1TO. Ynpana ecuadia OAIOBaparra je r-ropanuo 11 MdTepl1janHo 3d caoj pez; a HapOYl1TO sa HdcTany urrerv 360r csoje KPl1BHWe. Ynpasa je 6t.ma A\?2Klia Aa nOAHOCl1 113T3ewTaj 0 CI30[vle paA Y rOAl1llJH>oj CKYDWTl1HH 11. Aa nOAl-iOCH pa4.y'He Ha ozofipen.e. HliCTl1TYlJ,l1ja HaA30pHor oA6opa HMje 611JJa rrozuara HaWHM eCHdcPl1Ma. leAI1HO je CK\?,ll" WTHHd Morna Ad oApeAi1 ussecaa 11Mu.aAd nperneaaiv paLJYHe
11

nocnose»,e

ecaadia.

6tllla je Il03HaTa HaUlHM eCl:lac;Pl1MQ zc cy MHOfl1 eCHaq:n:l MMarrH passe q,OHAOBe 113aAY)K6HHe nairjiOft1(oBa

Y CTaHOB(l
sepcxor

rpofcse,

4ewhe

KapaKTepa:
l{

Ha6aBKY l1KOHd

3a nOA113athe upxse, 'lpet)elbe apno rc perxo 3a Y3aj,aMHo nosra-

77
HapOAHe 00Tpe6e. AOllHl1je rrocrojana cy 11 iuxoncxu CPOl1AOBH. MMOBl1Hd cPOHAa 6Hrra [e 3ace6Hd 11 HHJe ce r-reurana ca OCTanoM MMOBl1HOM ecnadia. OBH cy ce q)OL-lAOBH Hap04t.1TO YMH02Kl1J1H TOleOM XlX sexe, KdAa cy ecnadia nopez, eKOHOMCKor «ape«CJIyyajy CTapOCTH :v!n14 KaKSe Tepa Ao6.wU1 11 HalJ,J.10HaJIHl1 3HaLlaj.

rause Y

necpehe,

UpKBa H Bl1AerrM
i13AdBdnd t)I.~Ba.na

ecaadia
AP2KaI3d

pasna

CMO

Aa je UPKBd [oiu y VI BeKY Y BH3dHTHjl1 yrrYCTJ3a 0 OpraH143aqMjH ecuedia. 3a nper-re

h~")KHOcrrOBeHcKl1x

cpeAlbeBeKODliJ.-IX

CTdTYT naje CMdTPdH sa neranau d1(Q .upxsene snacn.J HHCY ra noeraexane 11 OAo6pWle. Ilopcz rore Ilps se je 3aXTeBdna Ad MajcTopl1, xandie 11 14eHl1l(kl Ha npBOM _MeCTY 6VAY n060)1(I111 11 Ad peAOBHO l1oxa1)ajy 1\PKB¥, Aa 6YAY nd)KJbVlBl1 npesra eBojVlM 60neCHHM AP\?I'OBl1Md 11 Aa noIDTyjy ycnoMeHY YMPJIHX ecnedinaje. UPKBa je raxohe 3dXTesana OA csasor ecnadie Aa cnase CBOj~ cnasv, Aa eCHacP HMnepHje CKOPO IiMjeAaH
npllJIYlKOM

ecaarpcxe

CTdTYTe, a se BpeMe

upkae je llOTBPnnaAal'bd OTOMdHCKe

Hone D,pt,Be H3paAH 0 CBOM TP011JKY no HeKOJH11(o dipecexa nnu 14KOHa 11Ad ecaerp peaosno oApeljyje rOAl11UrbY C'i6BeH~l1jy za l13AP)1(aaai-be upxne. ECMaclJl1 cy rpvrrno paAo nocehaaana MdHdcTl1pe, Y HeKMM MdHaCTl1pl1Ma OH11 cy l1Mam1 h ceoie oAaje, rAe cy 0611.YHO
je

rpabeu.a

npOBc)AVlJU:1 no

HacfJd 1-U1jl1cy L1JIdHOBH 6MJIH nperezcno U"1l-:l~apH MJ]H. [P11,kl, Aot( KOA paHl1jHx ecaadia rAe ie 6vlJJO Ay6pOBy.aHa" Ienpela 11 JepMeMd, KdO 11 KOA ecuedia y XIX seleY l111jH cv LlJIaHOBH 6H.JIa npeTe2KHO CrrOBeH14, UpKBa ceM cnoiseunser yrH.14ajd Hl1je
HMana l:ieKH Ay6JbM
3Hd4dj

Hsrneaa Ad

upicaa

HeKOnt1l(O- HeAeJba

neru

J4Mand aaineher

ca CBOjl1M rropOAM~aMa. yrY1~aja I(OA OHHX ec-

za one
-

rrpaepeaue
TecpepHl.JH

Kopnopau.Hje.

ECHaQ>CKH HaneTH

rOAl1Wl-be ofiaBe3HH 1431JeT. M51Jent cy npl1pe1)¥1BdHH ca seJU1l(OM nOMfIOM, na l:bHMa cy Y3MMaJ111 Y4ewha npeTCTaBHH~H BnaCTl1 1-1 1,J,pKBe, KdO 11 rr03BdHW rOCTM. Ha OBHM cy H3neTl1Md O.6HLJHOnporrramaaana '4l1pa.l\l1 se Kan¢e, a KdnclJe sa i-ralcrcce. TPOIJJKOBe OKO ITpHpe1)1-tBalba 113rreTa cHoCl1nl1_ cy MajcToPH 3ajeAHo ca
Karr¢dMd" ECHdcPM l.IHh1 cy

CBdKl1 ie ecuadi

npapehaaao

jeAdHIIYl'

4naHOBH

6WHH :xpHwnaH11.

H.djl.IeUJiie

06m,1){(l-ber MdHdCTlfpa. Tora AdHd _06U4HO je oApe1)HBdHa 1:1 nosioh 1J.PKB.I1, WKonH UTA. re cy OBH 113nen1 611)111 HeK¥ PYK~ BdHpeAHe y cKynWT14He AO" T114Hor eCHacrd. Ilopez, o3611JbHOr Aerr<3 113n.eTa, 611110 je U3a .. 6aBHor nf?orpaMa ca 6y6fueBl1Ma, 3ypndMa 11 11rpaHKOM. npll-

cy rrpaearru

o~e usnere

AO nexor

pebaean

je

60raui

PYl.-laK sa rOCTe

11 1:-1JIaHOBe ecnerba.
eCHa<jJa

EKOltOMCi<H 3Hallaj

Ilopez, cno]e yrrore ofiprne

BnaCTl1,

ecnadia

cy liManu 11

18
3Ha4aj sa rpaACKY npHBpeAY. OHl-1 cy ce .crapann Aa ce Aot)e AO mro jetpTHHl1je CHpOBHHe, OAPe1)Ht3anU cy qeHe npepebeam-r CTBapHMa, crepenn C,¥ ce 0 KBam1TeTY npepabenor MaTepl1jand, 0 Ao6poj l13paAJ1 3aHdTCKt4X npeaMeTa MTA. OApe1)HBal-beM 4apttll1ja sa nojeAVlHe 3aHdT€ OHl1 cy ·CTBar.:aJIl1 no BapOWl1Ma pasne nOCJlOBHe ueurpe, rAe je 6vlJIa 'lCpeAoTo4eHa uenoxvnaa AenaTHOCT nojeAHHHx 3aHdTJll1ja. ECHaq)l1 cy oAPlKaSaJIl..J. nocnonue sese ca APyrHM MecTHMa, na -iax Ii ca l1HOCrpaHCTJ30M. CBojl1M nocpexoeaas er-r KOA BrraCTM ycneBaITI-1 cy Y,Bet<\. 6rrarOBpeMeHO Ad 3a1llTv.!Te 3dHaTCKH cranex OA npeneJH1KHX AcOK6vllia 1'1 OA MHOf1;IX AP'lfl1X
BeJIl1Kl1 eKOHOMCKl1 HeAana KOj}1 HltlCY 6MflM peTKM 3a

MaHCJ<e VlMnepl1je.
TPOTIOM HdA paAoM
nOAHfH'l
BHHd WTO H je

Cnoior-r nenpecrauosi
Sdl1aTnHja
3uHaTCKt.1X yaK

nOCneAI:-bHX BeKOBa Itt pHrYPo3H0l'1

11

OT0-

KOH-

KBdJIYlTer

npepahcnane

OHI1 c'l ycnel3aJlld

Aa BYlCOKO

Aa
6HO

11M

o6e36eAe

Met)YHapO/~H)!

nonvnpepaherrorpa)\(fu'l, icao
opraHH3auvtja

craopeae
ienuo

no BanKaHCKI;lM 3eMJbaMd, a l1dP0411TO 'l I1oBap.L\apjy, 3aAP2KaJ1Vl cy AO xpaja CBOj,{ Bvl3dHTl1jCKY Tpap,l11.\YllY 11 OCTane cy xao oprauasounie

cnyyaj ua np. ca caxTujaHOM. 3a pa3DMKY OA CITvnaHl1X npotbecaoaenaax Bnporur, icoie CMO pauuje ODHCanY1, ecaadia

Aa ce crapajy

CB1AMa CHJ]aHa Aa

cnexor

npllBpeAHOM HOBor -mena

nanpencv,

11a croj

eh 11

TTOHOfJ-IY [om

'l caHOMe

nouerxv

MopaJU::IO 11 i-iarcpaKaAd ouai OTI3apa

paAfb'l. ECHdQ;1>'l HHCY 611J114HHYKOM CllY4aj'l opreunseuaie aa Ol;leMory'liaBal-be KOHK)?peH1..l.l1je Vi crrvraeaiee fJpl1BpeAe, xao 11JTO je TO 6110 cnyy.aj ca eBpO,nCKMM eCHdcP11.Ma, J-bl1XOB AeMOKpaTCKl1 cecran 11 rIJ.16epanHe Te:>Ktbe 4MHJ;lJIe cy MX neon ..

1jelba.

xOAl::Ie sa rpaACKY rrpJtlBpeAY y [IoBapAapjy

COQHjaJlHH

cse AO ocnofio-

3HaLfaj ecaarpa

COl\i1jaJJtHI
BOM KYJITYPHOM

3Hd4aj

ecnadia

cacroin

ce uaisniuc

y 1b¥1XO~ Y pal-ll1jHM

H Ha~HOlianH.OM

BaCUlllLlH.o.-lcy.llulYPlia y.soea

cxor

CTcU:lOBHUW'tBd

Ilosapaapia

ecnaqu: y
6t1rra
je

paA'l.

)KYlBOTY 11 paA Y. rpaA'"

orposme.

Bel(OBHMa
~pKBaMa pexrra y

ocuofioheuoi

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];lITH.

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l1nl1 Y

pence

nMCMeHOCT cwtlarra ce je ITO Md,HaCTl1pl1Ma " peTKldM 11 npWMHT.HBHHM unconar-ta rpsxor no .. H y ConY-BY, a n04.eTKOM XIX sexa 'l rex

Ad)IeKoj

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11 Kany1)epH,

CTdne*v, KOjH l:tl1je r-rorao MeHTapHl1jy TIHCMeI-lOCT Aa CT114e no

AlbeM

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eKO CTaHOBHl1WTBO npouino je
61JJIO

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nparcru-ute

79
l11KOne({ 11 KP03
BpeAHMKe

rpaACKor

ecnerpe CiJopMl1parrO ce je Y AOMal111He, npaH rpabeue. Ynora HaWI1X eCHacl:>~ '( cPopMMpal-bY CTdHOBHUIJJTDa 6UJId [e J.Vlli€)fO 3HaQaJHylJa ~ oA ynore
xoja
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haue
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vnore,

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11 Ad ,¥Y]'{

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3Q apno xparxo

seica J.1H.Tepecyje

XIX

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nporpecaouenae iacno counianue

y

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par

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CB~ 4JIaHOBe . JeAl:le npocbecaonanne xopnopainde Be3yje y 3aleAH1411,Y 38JeAl-lJ11-1Kl1 npl1BpeAHll anrepecn .AOT114He npodie ...

80

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npocbecaoaanae
OHe

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H MelOro srnehe APYWTBeHe CPOPMa1-U-1je 11 xnaca, jep 11 KOA Hajapl1MHTHBHHjHx lia ...

na

aepcxor

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KOHUluliyulTteUt. -

Ilpocbecrrouennc

1.trtjaTIHe 3ajeAHl1L\e no 3Bal-bY, BOAe

csoie

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BOAH X'lMdH.oj CBPCH

Ma~·

Tepl1jam13Ma, Y BpeMeH'l crro60AHVlX qAHoc'a JbYAH, re Aon"t-: Lll1 M03aK urrare .Aa BaM CeHTI11Y1eHTanHOc.T 3dts::pe Aa He MO)I<eTe pearrno MHCflt1TH, rtpece-re ){(HBO I'aneu. Kao Aa ere l13AaHQl1 npexperae APYWTBeHe sererauwie. ]bYAVlMa AaHdWt-ber KOBa He npeocreje spexeue 3a cneceseise xcpreaa nYAora TeMIJa
•

AaHaWrb14u,e. Tv AYJi'iliOCl'. cnacuren.ka ea na)KHl1M 1'1unocpl),eM npenvurra» )l{eHaHa, [ep OHe jypeOl1 se eMaH~HUal.H1joM roTOBe ty Ad n0i10fl-lY 1-1 Hah~pI±lY peal(ltl1jy. YOCTdnOM, urra, Mapl1! Crracaaal cefie, to je BeK013HO aa-reno. Ei, AP'rTOBH, AaneRO here AOTepaTH aKO l(P03 npcre nporrgurrare CpH3HO':
nOUlI{VlM CTIyYajHocTHMd
Kq)KeM, 40BeK

Hd C130l'1 )KHBOTHOM

Aa MeHram1e 063Hpe ¥aA je y nvlTdl-bY renepauuja.; Ax, MO~~ caM 1--1 rpy60 ncrvrmo ... ADM cy MJ:1 oceheu.e l.. 1HCTa.. Hel'1q,.,!J;:U1l ., TP'lHl{e Ce6l-A4HOCTH 'l MOM ITOcrVTI KY· Ia caM y. TpeliYTlc,y. J:-1oe~ CBeeHO J.1CTyrrI10, MO)KAa tOtbeH paCHvlM HeKl1M l1HC:q1H1<;rOM Hoal{, uer-roire Ml1CITl1Tl1, Aa Hl1CdM. .xa ..... Ht1je3perro Pi~3Ml1CJIl1O11 11313PWHO 06paQYH ca C060M ... yI" ja caer 'l J'~l,611TKY: T~l1iKa je 6J..ma He)KHe A,?we 11 Tonne uapauu. Aa jqj T1pk1PpAa 60neCTJ;1 HMje ncjauena )101U'2 ocehaluocrul Y13eK [e ft,epoBana, Ad hesro ce l1:5MMPI1TVl ... Cehex ce 6aw je,6HOr jece..tPer AClHa.: Cal.feKanc:'l Me npez, 'lHl--lBep3HTeTOM xao Aa ce HVlWT-GI. 1130e1)y • ·'1
Ad Hi:tWI-bHL1,e ie Hac Hl1Je AorOAHJlo. BnaAO,
ce

AY)KaH

(J)!TY. Oner BaM OA6al.\11~ CBe Ce.I:iJTH~;

yeKatlY

re

'l

lJJeCT Ha,: CTapOMe

MeeT)?

y napxv,

np.1161111)K:1 MH

Tl1HKd,

1](')K1-10,

Bna)KaH He,

je AaH, Tl1HKa, nOKYlUao caM Aa [e OA13pan1M.

He! BalJ1 BonUM li1TO je AaH CXBaTHrra MOjy arr)?-3l1j,{. A TO je 'jour llHl1le

nnascan. ..

('Hd

je

·OAnyt:l J::l OCT. - BOJIl-1M, BOm-1M urro je AaH Me Ma )KeJb'l WIO CaM\? cefie onnaxvje.,
M

1..]eKahy.

nOTCToKJIO l:beHY unaxcau. Ilor cehe. BIIaAO. jei hy 6HTl1 OBaMO

nSHOBM1'I

- OHa KacapHy ...

[e ocrana

Aa

qeKa.

[a

car-r AOUJao
AHToHHje

13.

Illeroroaao je fUl1fOP MvlTPl1H y paAMOH111li1 ra3Aa~ Apato.MMpa Jby6HCaBJbeBHna nvuax ceAaM roxana. Illerpronao je, na ce 11 ·3aKancPHo. EllO je BpeAali PdAHHK H seh je6110 Ha'l4HO can nocao 'l ra3Aa ..AparoMHPOBoj paA110Hl1~11 3a aar-reurrai. 11 3aTO je ra3Aa~Apa.rOMl1p r-ropao Aa MY nnaha, l;'maK

86
MaCHO 3apat)yjynH Ha nserosoi-r PdAY. AJlH cy npaCTJ1rJIl1 HOBl1! 1UerpTM, KojHMa ce HHje r-ropano nnaharu 11 TaKO KdJ1cPa [11M" rop MI-1TPl1H nOCTaAe urreran se csora ra3Ay. Illra 611 APyro· 1-1 MOrJIo Ad 6YAe, Hero Aa ra3Aa-AparoMl1P J1efTO OTfTYCTl1 KaJIcPY I'naropa..« lberOB nocao 'l paAVlOHn~14 JIal<O he npl1.-· XBaTl1TH aermehenu urerpr. I1 ra3Aa-AparoMHp jeAHoCTaSH.O je OTfI,!CTHO csora WTeTHor Kanc:Pf Fnuropa. ilaT110 ce fJIHrOp MeceIJ,l1Ma, AOK MY jeAf10ra AaHa Hwje y fJ1aBY uaapuvna Ml1CaO Aa oAe AD ra3Aa-AparOMHpd 11 no .... · TpaJKH caoie npano H8 nocao ... OCTaAe 3a6e3eKHYT rd3Aa,.AparOMl1P. KaAd, A011IdBUUl" jeAHora jYTpa Y CBojy conCTBeHY paA110HH~Y1 sarese sa llllA'" POKHM rU1Canl1M CTOIIOM OTIlYWTeHor KdnqJY Tnarooa MHTPM"nor, Tnarop ce. 6HO APCKO Ad, caCBHM APCKO! 3dBdJUfO' Y rd3Al1HY MeKaHY c}JOTeJbY 11, HanaKTl1BWH ce aa eTO nesosr PYKOM, Cd DOAMeTHYToM WUPOKOM W8KOM xcnoa yaa, uraoao OJIOBKOM uesrapao no xaprwjw kola cc HaWJIa Ha raSAHI-lOM nucehex crony. 3a6_3eKflYo ee rd3Ad-AparOMl1p U Hl1KaKO Aa MY IIOCTaHe [acuo 11 CXBaTIb11Bo, KaKO je OTnY-WTeHl1 Kempa. Tnurop Mora.o 11 cxeo Aa 3aY3Me nseroso rtosnauiheno MeCTO. a? -- npacxeo je ra3Aa~AparOMl1p,. OA rrpaor sanpeneuihea-e 11 neae .. OA jeAa, a lTIerOB AocTojaHcTBeHo' ce nOA o4HrneAHHM Y36y1)elheM. TPd)KHM CBOj nocao, ra3Aa-AparoMHpe, iecr ... csoi nocao 1 Ilocao KOjYl Mopaw Ad Ml1 Aaw, iep Cl1 Me TM HaY-LIliO SdHaT)?" d nocna 14Ma KOA refie, 11Ma.. Illre caAa Aa paAWM?' yLIMM APYTH sauar ? AOU;KaH ie TO, ra3Aa~AparOMwpe, A0U;KdH. Aa KpaAeM, AD OJba4KaM, Ad 6YAeM norros H pa360jHHK? He Mory TO, ra3Aa, He Mory 11 aehv. [a xohy nourreuo Aa

-. Illra Tpa)Kl1W sa npocja-uca 1 lIJTa rpaxaur,

MOjJ.1M CTOJIOM, TM, APl1D4J.1HO

jeAHa:

KdAa ce HeUlTO npafipao pane. Bao je cas MOAap HdAYBeHH Tp6yx ranacao

Aa

3apaAUM csoie

rrap-ie

xne6a.

Aa )f(HBHl11? fy611 ce 113 paAl:be sneo 2KaHAapMd!

- Xoheiu ja Aa 6pHHeM rsoiv 6p14rYI cPYKapo jeAHa~ nprsaaal Ja Ad MMCJI14M WTa hew TH Aa paAMW 1'1 KaKO hens
CMeCTa, AOK jow HI1CaM no-

11 r33Ad-AparoMHp HI1Kd, 3d Tpe11YT, I'JIHropy

ce npez,
OA )?36y:Qet-ba.

i.e

no-reo Aa APMyca WHKHy DJIdMeIi y

l"lpalC

I(OWLIaTor paA-'

l-berOBl1M OLJJ1Ma cnvcra

rnaB)! a san-:1M APXTdO je ~em1M re-

nOM

Me, CB11l-bO Ae6eJlal 113neTeJJO MY [e: rOT080 6e3 l-berOBe Barbe. Iez.au KP111, sanpcneiuhen.e pasnereo ce paA110HI1l.\OM. 3ap l-beMY, ra3Aa-AparOMYlPY, KOjl1 sa AeceT rOAHHd OA KdKO je Aowao Y ORO MeCTO, Y)KJ.1Ba OOWTe YBa)KeI-be, theMY Aa jet,aH OTnY1JJTeHH paAHI1K osexo y nnue BMKHe raKB'l norpAY?' To ra3Aa-AparoM14p :SoMcra He MO)J(e Aa noanece] 11 MaCHa. ra3Al1Ha PYKa iapocuo ce crrvcruna na MPKI4, CYBl1 06pa3

He

APMycaj

87
xendie I'nurope. OAjeKHYO je )1(eCTOKVl nrar-iep. PaAHl11\Y.l, KOjl1 cy AOTne l1CIIOA OKa, IIOCMarpam1 3a4y1)eHo WTa ce AewaBd, OCTdBHwe anar, zrpeavrn. Tnurop ce 113A1DKe 113a crona nonaxo 11 nopacre xao una. MOAPl1HY japocru ua ra3Aa~AparOMl1pOBOM JIl11\Y HarJIO 3dMeHl1 caMprH114KO 6neA11JIO crpaxa. KaJ1cPa fJIl1fOP je no" crao zancra crpauran. Crernvre Bl1n11~e 113a3BaJIe cy WKprYT 3y6a, a 113 ~PH11X 04Mjy finucrana je nnar-ieaa Mp)K1-ba. fa3AaAparOMl1p ce OCBpTe no paA110Hl111,11. PaAH1111,11cy HeMO CTajan11 na CROjl1M MeCTl1Ma, OCTdBJ1BWl1 nocao. OrpOMHa PdA" H114Kd necnnua, CTerH)?Ta 4BPCTO xao 4eJIl1K, MdXHl1ro nOJIeTe y nnue rd3Aa-AparOMl1pa. Pasjepeua Trrarop HMje rJIeAaO rAe YAapa ..• KaAa cy ra 3aTHM )KaHAapMl1, nourro cy MY HaTdKJIi1 nucnue ua pvxe, CIIPOBOAl1JIl1 -iepuraio», 6110 ie BeJIMK npez, C060M. 5110 je BeJIl1K 11 npez, CBojl1M APYTOBl1Ma, iep <Y 11 OHM 3HaJIH Aa je Kampa Tnurop Ml1TPl1H i-ropeo can Aa rpd)Kl1

caoie npaso.

JOB •

.n. Kocrnh
.

Hapoxne

YMOTBOpltHe

MI1UKOBA f1ECMA
CeAHaJI Ml1 l.lei-ro, cJIo60AeH DeMO I10A reia xpvura ropunua, IlOA raia Kpyl11a ropnnua DeMo, Kpai raja peka Cnaruucxa. Bo AeCHd paxa AP)Kl1T tU1JI116ap, A BO rreBaTa MapTl1HKd; MajKa MY senur, rOBop11T, DeMO: He CeAl1, CI-1HKO, cnofioxen , He ceAM, Cl1HKO, cnctioz.e», l.Ier-ro, DOA raja xpvuie rOpHM1..\a, He Ml1 je Ml1pHa rOAMHa, Ilei-io, KaYPl1 rnaea xpenane.

Kavpu rnasa xpenane, Iler-ro,

Ml1~KO' MY1~KO

KOMHTa nsneron .
KOMJ1Ta 113nerOfl, BepHd APy:tKl1Ha.

Co raie

Ller-ro,

Aj,

KaYPcKa KaYPcKa KaYPcKa

MOPl1 MajKo, 6YAana MaJKO, nYWKa He AYl111T; IIYWKd He AynHT, MaJKO, ca6ja He CeYl1T.

..

YW4e MH 36opOT He fa AOpeLte, ETa to MHL\KO npez, lretO: He paMo HOCHT PYCKd 6epAaH1Ca, KpCTOCdn KonaHcPHwell,l1. O,ApaM!4 MH~KO PycKa 6epAaHKa, HHwaHHT UeMa ITO paMQ. Ilpcuan MI4 Iler-ro Aa 6eraT, 1,1aHaM, TIo Taja peke Cnarnncka.
HOCTOj, [104eKaL

<.

11t;)1-11' tlM4eCKH,

Ilosexei.

Aa

KY4e nw-teCKO!
nYWKd
KdK'AyrUiT,

Lla

BHAHW

IIeno,
nH.4eCKO,

BHAHW

ca6ja 1<aK' Ce411T. 2leJbMH aeneure, K,\:qe

KCI'fPCKd nYUJKd

Kevpcxe nYWKd He AynuT, UeMO, KaYPCKa ca6ja He CeLJ.HT I

Tleeao
eMMOH

He AYOHT;

Boj}l.aH

H::s Oxpl1,ZJ;a.

I1BAIbCKA nECMA
J1BaH~AeH AesojKO! Ka41-1 ce rope ua AHBd'H Aa 13HAHW LJYAo roner-io: Ad TIM je celi:O KOceHO, Aa TIH je none no jl.G-1a TO. He MM je ceuo KOcel-10, He MVl je none rrOiKHdTO; TypYlJIO DYAO cP nOJleTO" cD nonero. no JlHBahero: Bo JTI1.Bar;erOKTI aA,eH 4e, Ao ImaAeH4ero jac114e, Ao jacH4ero A ynaH4e, Bo AyllaHLJ.eTo Tep3V1B4e. ~ OJ, TH 6pe fptte llJerpLJ.e,

3eMH

ba

CH

MYl

ro umieur

I(OHLJ,t>'l

U6PHllil1M
cPYCTdHOT,

[lYCTwjoTcPycTart

AO 3eMja!
neSjO JaHl1

3eHrOBM.h

~13 PeCUd

TJVPT;)OBCKA rlECMA
LJHje MOMe 1-Ia JbYJbaj4e, L]Hje Aa je, Ma-jKHtIO [e

T~'fp1)ene

MOj

MajKl1l:10 [e, KaAe Aa ro

TdTKI1HO

ie

0AMeUH11VIe

" »

"

ll'

89

Ka]

TOj

Bacso

na

PajKOBll.l1

f.:>yp1)eJIe MOj
"
"

BacKo
MOMe

AaBa AaI$a

CaMO

daTa CTOKa aJI~4opa611 Hero Aa ro 3eM.!1

'1
II

Flenao j a HI." 3eHfOBHh

113 PeCHa

onsr
MOMa [0

'E>YPTJOBCKA nEC~1A
nvrurr
Lyp1)eJIe
MOj,

JYHal( ce xpn.ar,

Ha~1 Hll r080pHT - Kporxv xpn.aire

"

"

Aa

"
"

Moero JI116e
OA rpanxe

He ITaAHI1Te Ha rpeuxa

"

" " "

" "

Kai

MOMeTO 8 peke

" " "

OeB3o JaH" 3eHrOBl1h
113 PeCHa

4YDATA
~aABop, Ha oar1

HA AYKATOT
11

Hexoi ayxar 611Jl MHory 60rar hepxa, EAeH AeH oir Ad ce urerar ja
KOH

co nairon

11Mdrr

eAHa r-ruorv y6a

OT Kaca6aTa eer-ie 4ynaTa

CO nairou, eAeH MJIaT 11 MHory JI114eH tjepepan, je AaJI a6ep CO ABa npcra 1:1 ja nperekon Aa crurnnr nofiprv BO 6aSt,ldTa. Aowna 114,{naTa BO 6aB4aTa 11 1'0 BI:1Aena 1)eHepaJIOT KajeejT Hd eAeH CTOJI; OWJIa Ka) Hero 11 ro ODvlTaJIa: CTl1fHaJI,

Kaj eAHa 6a84a;

nax

BO

naironor

611JIa

npcr a ?

Illro

TI1

6ewe

a6~pOT
130

WTO

MH
11

ro
caKdM

AdBawe co ABa
Aa
TI:1 Ka)KaM

- lVIHory ce 3dJby6ucP ABa 360pa. - E, aKO caKaw, - My

BO AeceT

rcfie

peKJIa

raie,

ene

yTpe

AOMa

nehe 6l1Al1T
AOMd 11 -]e

caTOT. ell MIACJIena OTH TaTKO je he OjT aa yhYMar Aa 6paHl1T nexoro BO AeBeT caTOT, ra ecafiena OT11 EO AeceT cant

Ta

Y rpexenre
Ta

,LlOMa.
130

AeeeT
MHOf,?,

eaTOT

Aowon 1)eHepaJIOT

Kaj ueja

peKOJI:

AojAOcP Ad. re nOMOJbaM, aKO ic Ka6HJb, Ad ee 3ejMe Al3ajuaBa. - A raia MY oxropana: WOM Me Jby611ill Tl1, Te Jby6aM 11 jae. Yroe he ro OIU1TdM TdTKa Ml--t: aKO MI1 AajT 113aH, Ad ee 3eMl1Me. 3a raxcupar, TdTKO ie 3a6opal1n HeKaK.Ba KHl1ra WTO MY
Jby6aM

ra

rpefiena sa
sparara,

11i.l ytiYMaT

1-1

Taja

ce ynrraWI1JIa

I~,oworr Ad ja 3eMHT. Ilorponan 11 pexna My Ha "f)eHepaJlOT:

Ha

90
AMl1

cera

Uno

Ad

npaaa ? Kase

Ad

Te

CKpl1jaM,

3d-

UlTO He CdKdM

Ad Ta l-JdiAHT TdTKO MH. -

[0

cxpuno

BO CYH~

NfKO'r Kd) WTO AP)Kl1T OJbd4KHTe Hej3HHl1. Bnerorr TdTKO ie, ja rro6apan xnurera 11 nosruuano AOCTa apexe AY'Pl1 ja uauion, 11 eM uznerorr, IIIOM en oruuron TaTKO ie, Td ra oraoparta CYH-

uaiuna henepanor YMpeH. Ta ce LJYAl1T cera WTO Ad MY 1.111.IiHT BeJU1T ue cpue CM: 11 - AMH jae KYTpa W icrrera urro Ad MY ,{WHaM cera? Besepre ell Aomon TdTKO je. Cn sesepanc, Ta cexena u jeiAerra cenhu Hl1WTO He 3HaeT. OKOrIY nonuour raia ce ofineicBHT BO aJI11WTdTa 11d heuepanor 11 utc» asnerna Aa uierar,
A'lKOT

11 1'0

..

uaurna ABa HH3dMd ua COKdK. HU3dMl1Te; KO [e BJ1Aerre, pane 0TH je Ht1BHl1jOT 1)eHepdrr 11 ie Adrre 4ec. qynaTd H
BUT

CTOB11K-

- OA seiuulor, rOCnOAl1He heaepane. CeAHe Taja lil 3eMdT Hd eAHd CTPHd, HM ,A.dBdT napa 1-11 KOnHl1T OTI1 UITO he BHAdT, Ad He Kd)1(dT. Ouine Kdj CYHA'lKOr 11 11M xasaaa KdKO creuena ona pefiora 11OTI1 Taja neie KpHBa:.

H Onl1TBIAT: - OT KOj

nome ere?

rrare Her Ae 6e3Aa

Ba

MOJbaM,

Aa ro
BHAMT

netco],

3eMHTe

benepanoa

Ad ro sexo-

_. Tora
TOflKY co

Tnje rase 11 cropune, nOMl1HanO MHOf)? sper-re. YhYMaTOT ro 5aparr benepanor, dMa He MO)Ken Ad MY ja HajAl1T rparara .. EAHOW ruie achepare ca acnaieuane 130 ezua MjaHd 11 ¢anme Ad ca c\JaJbaT OTI1 11 Ib'l611T 4yndTd Ha cPl1JbaH aYKaT. Ap'lDl1Te H.M3aMH WTO 51-me TYKd 11M peiote: - A 6pe hen ema , Hd aYKdT hepxa sac he Ba Jhy611T?'
e,AeH OA HH3dMWTe ie nncan na yynaTd: cern Ad AojAktUJ BO cPl1JbaH MjaHa, 3aUlTO

»Bo
CMe

TOJIKY l1'

3d

niena
J.1

beneoanor«.
-.

ronex

6ae.

AKa

il.uCMOTO ro OAHecon MjdtJ1,ll1.aTd. Illor-r ro He..

He

AojAMW,

he

¢aTeHlil.
pa60THt

IJt l1CKd)KllMtI.!

CHTe

nHCMOTO,

achepase co MeHe Md)TaM Aa npaar! Ilocne ce 06neKJI,a BO anaurrnra ne heaepanor BO MjdHdTa. Ilane MHory spene 3ajeAHo co echepare, ceuha uara
sane

E], I'ocnozn,

cpanma Aa
UJTO

IJJla4HT:

CYM 61i1na ODKY

raKCHparm1ja UlTO
Yl

naianana Cl1Te 11 ceAHe ouma AOMd, 14 CKpJ.1JIa

rnana.

rora TIOMMHdJIe TPU rOAl-I1:iM: YnYMaTOT HMllJTO lie Aa pa36epl-iT. Ha rpure rOAMHH, na BenUfAeH, CWJ1a 4ynaTa cP upxae, ca HCnOBeAJ.1J1a 11 ce rrpasecrana. Ko ca l1CIJOBeABerra, My xasarra Hd nonor CBe WTO je TTOMl1Hano npe.wi'
MO)KeJI

Or

Hl1wTO He 3HaeT. Kora ce o6AeHaJIO, KOMWl1Te AO Mja .... 1>1 rneaar C11Te Jb)?A,H onpann 3ajeAHo co MjaH1)MjaTa. KaHa yhYMdT, dMa YDYMdTOT He M02Kerr HHWTO .Ha Hayl.JYJT~

ouma 11 1430sene caoiara H Clue 11 3dKJIaJla. CH anaurrara Hd beaepenor 1-1 el1 ceAHT

cexseiaerc

Ilorror,

ca HacMejarr. Ilorraiara

xore

eM

owon

AOt-1d

11 ceAHdrr

Ad

P'l4aT,

no

ro orurrana.

WTO ueje 3d Kd)l(Bajtbe. rrouaiara ca HaJbYTHna H pexna oru Heile pY4ar aKO He ie KdJKJIlT. Ilorror jd Jby6err MHorY1 My 61-InO )l(dJb Aa· He Py4dT, 3aTO je xasan, asra je pexon A.a He Kd)KBHT Hl1KOMY·· '{ W4e l1CTlljOT AeH noneiara je xasana Ha cecrpa Cl1, tt cecrpa je Hd eAHa cnoia 6pa4eAa, 11 raxe care pafiore M'l owna ua uepor B YWI1. UapOT ro zuaen H aYKaTOT, a H 4Y"· nara ja suaen, re My 611rro MHory 4YAHO: KaKO MO)K11T TaKBa· pafiora Ad nanpanr. 3aTo ja suxan xal Hero 11 ja onuran: - BaKd 11 sexa CH nanpeina TH, axo MH Ka)Kl1W Bl1CTl1Hd,_ he T11 npOCTa.M. AKO nax He Mil Ka)l(HW, he re ooeca». Ta diaruna Aa nna-nrr, CeAHe My xasana CBe WTO je AO~ mno AO rnaaro. - 11 :3aTO, - peKJIa, - Kora cPaTl1ja H113aMl1Te Aa npaaT" MajTan co srene, 3aWTO jac He 6ecj) xpnne, 3nTO Hl1Ml111 onperh. BHAerr uapor OTH Yynapa ueie Ka6eTJIl1ja aMl1 rronor WTO xasan, WTO He rpefieno Aa Yl1Hl1T, 3aTO TOj ro nOB11Kan norror co nonaiara H cecrpe [e, 11 xora BV1Aen OTl1 4ynaTa ueie KpV1Ba, dMll ca KPllI3H nonor ce nonalare 11 cecrpa je, AaJr: eMl1p 4ynaTa Aa ca npOCTHT, a rronor, nonaiara 11 cecrpa ie Tora

Illro ce csreieui? Hl1WTO; eAHa pafiora

Aa

Cd

ofiecar,

4ynaTa

na aYKaTOT 11 AeHeCKa CH je )l(11Ba.

CrrYllldHa OA

HayM:l

HHKOJU1lia

113 PeCHaL

Ilpnfieneacuo

'B.

J.

K .... ceJlHHOBHh, i.podiecop.

PAHATA rIOMl1HBMT,AMA 3BOPOT HE CE 3A50PAT

EAHO aper-re eAeH YOeK ca CTOPl1JI npniaren,

co eAHa Me--

4Ka; cexoi
40eKOB
11

xora oxen Ha APBa, ca rnez.an co Me4KaBa.EAeH AeH Me4.KaBa My CTOpMJIa TeKJI11cP Aa cenr ua rOCTM 11 nar
Ka6YJH1J1. Ha ne-iepre MY 3rOTB14na aexepe, jane,

uune-

ca Mya6eTrrel1Cdne.

Aowrro

nper-ie za crrneu,e, nernane Aa.

cnniar.
BPTl1T

Bo uexoie
M pexon.

aper-re ce pa36y Al1JI 40eKOcP l-1cPaTl1JI Aa ca.

»Arvid CMPAl1T nYCTaBa yCTa Mey.Kl1Ha!«

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Ad je rrax sacuen ra aesep.

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eM CjOABHT.

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ja

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My peiora.
ca 3ay.YAHn BaKa« 11 nex -

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Ad AyqJKarra

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1:13 Oxpl-l,Aa

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ce jeJKH na xrraAHOM noeerapuv CHe)KHHX ITrraHHHa. CYH~e ce .rex Marro

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H OCTaBJbdMO

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11 OHaKO AOCdAHO KaIJJJby~dtbe. JIeBo

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ua

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9) 4.oBeK tta nOJlOJKajy. 10) l;1JIaTapa pykaMK npn ronopv.

:13) CaO!l::HH Aeo aYToH,06Mna.