Islam - A Brief Introduction (Orientation)

1
ISLAM : A BRIEF
INTRODUCTION
prepared by :
Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail

PERGAS
(Singapore Islamic Scholars & Religious Teachers’ Association)
©2006ZhulkefleeHjIsmail
UNDERSTANDING FROM THE TERMS
◗ “ISLAM” - “peaceful submission

and obedience to God”
name and description of the religion revealed

by God from Adam, continuously established by
many prophets and culminated with Prophet
Muhammad.
2
◗ “AD-DEEN” - usually translated as

“the religion” more accurately it should
be “a total way of life or a comprehensive
system of living”
a Muslim regard his/her entire life as a religious
experience. Islam provides for guidance in not only
matters of worship but as to how he/she is to conduct
in daily matters - be it social, economic etc.
3
◗ “MUSLIM” - literally it means

“one who submits and obey, willingly
surrenders to the will of God”
it refers to followers of Islam, which now
numbers over 1.2 billion people of diverse race
and nationality. It is wrong and in bad taste to
refer to them as “Muhammadan” or
“Mussalman”
4
◗ “ALLAH” - the name of God in

Arabic. It refers to the One and only
God of the Universe.
In Arabic it is in a proper noun, the name
which has no equivalent in other non-Semitic
language. “Allah is the Unique, the Absolute
One having no partners, Creator and Lord
(Sustainer) of the Universe.”
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‫‪OUR BASIC STAND‬‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ٓ‬
‫ما أنزِ َ‬
‫ل‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ا‬‫َ‬ ‫ۡ‬
‫ين‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ل‬ ‫إ‬
‫ِ ِ‬‫ل‬ ‫َ‬ ‫نز‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ٓ‬ ‫ما‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫للل‬ ‫ٱ‬
‫ب‬ ‫ا‬
‫َ ِ‬‫َ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫من‬ ‫َا‬
‫ء‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬‫ُ‬
‫قُول ٓ‬
‫حلٰ َ‬
‫ق‬ ‫ل وَإِسۡ َ‬ ‫ملٰعِي َ‬ ‫م وَإِسۡ َ‬ ‫إِلَىٰٓ إِبَۡرٲهِلۧ َ‬
‫سىٰ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ٓ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ب َوٱلل ۡلأ ۡ‬ ‫وَي َ ۡع ُ‬
‫مو َ‬ ‫ى ُ‬ ‫ما أوت ِ َ‬ ‫ط وَ َ‬ ‫سبَا ِ‬ ‫قو َ‬
‫من َّرب ِّهِمۡ َل‬ ‫ٱ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ما ٓ أ ِ َ ّ ِ ّ َ ِ‬
‫ن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ب‬ ‫َ‬ ‫لن‬ ‫ى‬ ‫وت‬ ‫سىٰ وَ َ‬ ‫عي َ‬ ‫وَ ِ‬
‫هۥ‬ ‫م وَن َ ۡ‬ ‫منهُ ۡ‬ ‫حد ِّ ۡ‬ ‫َ‬
‫نل ُ‬‫َ‬ ‫ح ُ‬ ‫ن أ ٍ۬ َ‬ ‫فّرِقُ ب َ ۡي َ‬ ‫نُ َ‬
‫ن‬
‫مو َ‬ ‫مسۡل ِ ُ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫‪©2006ZhulkefleeHjIsmail‬‬
OUR BASIC STAND
 “Say : We believe in Allah, and in that which has
been revealed to us and that which has been sent
down on Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac and Jacob,
and the tribes, and that which was given to
Moses and Jesus and the prophets of their lord;
we make no division between any of them, and to
Him (Allah) we surrender (as Muslims).”
(Qur’an : al- Baqarah : 2 : 135)
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ADAM
(other nations) NOAH (Nuh)
(Shem) (Ham) (Yaphet)
“for We assuredly sent

amongst every nation, (other nations)
a Messenger”
(Q: Nahl : 16:36)
ABRAHAM (Ibrahim)
(1st Born) (2nd Born)

ISHMAEL (Isma’il) ISAAC (Ishaq)
JACOB (Ya’akub))
JOSEPH (Yusuf)
MOSES (Musa)
(The Quraysh tribe
in Mecca, direct
descendants of DAVID (Dawud)
Ishmael) SOLOMON (Sulaiman)
(many others amongst Israelite)
JOHN THE BAPTIST (Yahya)

JESUS CHRIST (‘Isa al-Masih)
MUHAMMAD
(The chosen Seal of Prophethood) 8
The Basic Message of Islam:
TAWHIID - Attestation to the Oneness of God.
LAA-ILAA-HA- IL-LALLAAH
“There is no other god except Allah”
َ َ َ
‫د‬ ‫م‬
ُ َ ّ َ
‫ص‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ٱ‬ ‫ه‬
ُ ّ ‫لل‬ ‫ٱ‬ ٌ َ ُ ‫قُلۡ هُوَ ٱلل‬
‫د‬ ‫ح‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ه‬ ّ
َّ ُ
‫ۥ‬ ‫ه‬ ُ ‫ل‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ك‬َ ‫ي‬ ۡ
‫م‬ َ ‫ل‬ َ ‫و‬ ۡ
‫د‬ َ ‫ول‬ ُ ‫ي‬ ۡ
‫م‬ َ ‫ل‬َ ‫و‬ ۡ
‫د‬ ِ ‫ل‬َ ‫ل‬
‫ي‬ ۡ
‫م‬ َ
‫حد‬ َ
َُۢ ‫فوًا أ‬ ُ ُ ‫ڪ‬
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The Basic Message of Islam:
TAWHIID - Attestation to the Oneness of God.
LAA-ILAA-HA- IL-LALLAAH
“There is no other god except Allah”
(Who is God?) - Purity of Faith in God:

Say: He is Allah, the Absolute One;
Allah is He, the Absolute and Eternal
(Who is the most besought of all);
He begets not, nor was He begotten;
And there is none comparable to Him.
(Qur’an : 112)
10
LAA-ILAAHA-IL-LALLAAH
There is no other god except Allah
MUHAM-MADUR-RASUU LULLAAH
Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah
(Tawheed) Attestation to the Oneness of God
(3 aspects)
IIMAN ‘AMAL IHSAN

(Faith (Practice) (Righteous
or Conviction or Best
or Belief) Conduct)
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IIMAN
(Faith/Conviction/Belief)
Articles of Faith
•Solemnly believe in Allah
•Believe in His Angels
•Believe in His Books
•Believe in His Prophets
•Believe in Day of Judgement and
life in the Hereafter
•Believe in Foreknowledge of Allah
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AMAL
(Practice)
Principles of Submission (Islam)
• Declaration of Faith
• 5 Obligatory daily prayers
• Zakah (Tax on wealth)
• Fasting in Ramadhan
• Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca)
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IHSAN
(Righteous or Best conduct)
Sincerity in worshipping God as stated by the

Prophet (pbuh) : “ ‘Ihsan’ is that you serve or
worship Allah as though you see Him, if you
see Him not, certainly He sees you.”
14
The Sources of Islamic Teachings
Al-Qur’an : the Book revealed to Muhammad [pbuh]
over a period of 23 years. The term “Qur’an” means
“Recitation”, and it is literally the “words of God”,
completed and preserved entirely in the original Arabic.
As- Sunnah : the “Ways” or “examples”shown

by Muhammad [pbuh] in his life.
It manifest how the guidance of Allah is to be
implemented. Records of this are compiled
verified and preserved in a corpus called
“Al-HADITH” - meaning “the reports.”
15
The Sources of Islamic Teachings
Al- Qur’an
As- Sunnah
Aqidah
Shari’ah Akhlaq/Tasawuf
( Theology )
(Law, comprehensive way) (Science of human
disposition)
‘IBADAH MU’AMALAT MUNAKAHAT

Devotions Social transactions Marriage & Family
FARA’ID AQODHIYAT
Inheritance Judiciary
JINAAYAT ‘IMARAH JIHAD

Criminal Leadership & govt Strive in war & peace
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‫‪Universal brotherhood of Man‬‬
‫َ‬
‫من‬ ‫قن َ ٰلكم ِّ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫خل ۡ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫س إِن ّ ُا َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫لن‬ ‫ٱ‬ ‫َلا‬ ‫ہ‬
‫ي‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ي َ ٰل ٓأ ّ‬
‫ذ َ ٍ۬كَروَأنثَىٰ‬
‫وب وَقَبَآٮ ِٕ َ‬
‫ل‬ ‫شعُ ً۬ا‬ ‫م ُ‬ ‫جعَ ۡلن َ ٰلك ُ ۡ‬ ‫وَ َ‬
‫لِتَعَاَرفُوٓا‌لْ‌ۚ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫قٮك ۡ‌ۚ‬
‫م‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫عند َٱللهِ أ ۡت َ ٰ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫مكمۡ ِ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ر‬
‫َللل َ‬ ‫ۡ‬
‫ڪ‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ن‬‫َ‬ ‫إِ ّ‬
‫َ َّ‬
‫خبِيٌر۬‬
‫م َ‬ ‫ه عَلِي ٌ‬ ‫ن ٱلل َ‬ ‫إِ ّ‬
‫‪17‬‬
‫‪©2006ZhulkefleeHjIsmail‬‬
Universal brotherhood of Man
 “O Mankind! Behold, We have created you all
out of a male and a female, and have made you
into nations and tribes, so that you might come to
know one another. Verily the noblest of you in
the sight of Allah is the one who is most deeply
conscious of Him. Behold, Allah is all-knowing,
all-aware.”
(Q: al- Hujurat : 49 : 13)
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How to be with a Muslim ……..
 Greetings between Muslims will usually
be with :
“As-salaa-mu -‘alaikum”
meaning “peace be unto you”
- to which the other Muslim will reply :

“Wa-’alay-kum salaam warah-matullaah”
meaning “and unto you be peace and the blessings of Allah”
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 Shaking hands (as a rule, including
physical contact) is only between persons of
similar gender (i.e.male with male, and female
with female)
- Exceptions for family members only or with very
old people.
- Accommodating customs of others by some
Muslims, so as not to offend, is another exception
(which does not change the rule.)
20
Muslim personal hygiene
Muslims are commanded to maintain a high
standard of hygiene. There are things that is
categorised as ‘filthy’ and when Muslim comes
into contact with them, he/she will have to clean
himself eg. :
- all manner of personal discharge such as
urine, excrement, blood, pus, vomit;
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Muslim personal hygiene
Muslims are commanded to maintain a high
standard of hygiene. There are things that is
categorised as ‘filthy’ and when Muslim comes
into contact with them, he/she will have to clean
himself e.g.. :
- flesh of forbidden meat such as pork (and
all its parts) ;
- dogs saliva;
22
Muslims’ diet
Muslims only eat and drink what is deemed Halal
(lawful).Things which are Haram (forbidden) are :
- flesh of swine - i.e. pork;
- animal not slaughtered in the Islamic way;
- blood;
- intoxicant (alcoholic drinks and drug-abuse etc);
- amphibious creatures and animals with fangs and
talons;
23
Muslims’ dress code
Muslims have to conform to a dress code of modesty
and purity.
- For men, the area between the navel and knees
must not be exposed.
- And for Muslim lady, to other than her husband
and family, she is required to modestly cover her
body except for her face and hands.
- the dress must not have any impurity.
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Muslims’ daily religious ritual .
Muslims have to perform the 5 daily prayer. These usually
takes about 5 to 10 minutes each, and its performance
coincide with usual break from work. :
- Subuh (at dawn)
- Zuhur [noon - lunch time]
- Asar [late afternoon]
- Maghrib [after sunset]
- Isya’ [at night]
- Every Friday, Muslim men have to perform the
noon prayer in congregation in mosques.
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Muslims’ daily religious ritual .
In one month (Ramadhan) every year,
Muslims have to observe daily fasting.
They abstain from food, drink, conjugal
relations with their wives from dawn
until sunset.
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Preference in using right hand.

Muslims are encourage to use the right
hand in pointing, offering things to
someone etc. This is because ,the left hand
is reserved for ‘cleansing’ purposes.
27
Guidelines on how to get Muslim’s
to interact socially ……..
Respecting Muslims’ belief.
Muslims are strictly monotheistic. Although Muslims
respect the right of others to their faith, Muslims are
required to guard themselves from being involved in any
acts of “shirk” – rites of worship of other religion or being
involved or seen as condoning acts of ascribing partners
to God.
Yet, Muslims are commanded to respect the rights of
others to practice their religion and customary ways in
accordance with their faith.
28
Respecting Muslims moral
stand.
Muslims detest every shameful or immoral deeds as
stipulated by Islam. Although we cannot dictate upon
others our standard because we respect their right to
adhere to their own religious standard, yet we hope non-
Muslims can understand our aversion whenever we
decline to be involved in function where such things
abounds.
29
Respecting Muslims Halal diet.
Muslims are always mindful when it comes to
eating.
It is best to ensure food served or catered,
conform to MUIS standards of halal -ness.
Cutlery used must also adhere to a standard. So it
is best to use either ‘throw- aways’ or ensure
separate utensils.
30
Guidelines for non-Muslim
guest visiting a mosque ……..
Things to observe
- Must have permission ( for non-Muslim )
- Must be properly attired;
- remove footwear before entering and to observe
strict cleanliness in it;
- to observe respect and maintain silence so as not
to distract worshippers;
- obey any other conditions which the mosque may
have;
31
Guidelines for non-Muslim guest
Visiting a Muslim home ……..
Things to note
- although Muslims are taught to be hospitable,
permission must be sought before entering;
- to remove footwear before entering and to
observe strict cleanliness in it;
- sometimes male and female are allocated
different place/space;
- it is polite to reciprocate hospitality shown;
- preferably try to avoid visiting just after sunset
(prayer time);
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Guidelines for non-Muslim guest
visiting a Muslim bereavement …
 Important to note
A Muslim funeral is usually carried out within 24 hours of
death;
◗ The body is bathe, shrouded and prayer is performed over
the body;
◗ The men usually are actively involved until the burial;
◗ Those wishing to convey condolences to family member
must observe rule of (male/female) segregation;
◗ Contributions are customarily accepted but for those
sending wreath, do deliver it to the cemetery and not to
the home;
33
Muslims Days of Celebration ……..
EID-UL-FITR’
 Not a new year. Celebration to signify the end of
one month Ramadhan fasting. Mark with prayer
and visiting amongst Muslims. Muslims may have
an ‘open house’ to all friends and acquaintance,
EID-UL-ADHA
 Another important celebration. The theme is
‘sacrifice’. Apart from prayer, Muslims will carry
out slaughtering of sheep and distribute the meat
to the poor and needy,
34
Muslims Days of Celebration ……..
 AWWAL MUHARAM
 This is the Muslim new year, but in Singapore it is not a
holiday. Muslims commemorate this with functions,
lectures etc. in mosques.
 MILADUN-NABI
 This is to commemorate the birth of the Prophet
Muhammad [pbuh].
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THANK YOU !
◗ NOW IS THE QUESTION TIME ………
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1

Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail

◗ “ISLAM” - “peaceful submission

name and description of the religion revealed

◗ “AD-DEEN” - usually translated as

◗ “MUSLIM” - literally it means

◗ “ALLAH” - the name of God in

“for We assuredly sent

(1st Born) (2nd Born)

JOHN THE BAPTIST (Yahya)

(Who is God?) - Purity of Faith in God:

IIMAN ‘AMAL IHSAN

Sincerity in worshipping God as stated by the

As- Sunnah : the “Ways” or “examples”shown

‘IBADAH MU’AMALAT MUNAKAHAT

JINAAYAT ‘IMARAH JIHAD

- to which the other Muslim will reply :

Preference in using right hand.

◗ NOW IS THE QUESTION TIME ………

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