The Institutionsof Energy Governance in China
Philip Andrews-Speed
January 2010
Note de l’IfriNote de l’Ifri
Gouvernance européenneet géopolitique de l’énergie
The Institut français des relations internationales (Ifri) is a research centerand a forum for debate on major international political and economicissues. Headed by Thierry de Montbrial since its founding in 1979, Ifri is anon-governmental and a non-profit organization.As an independent think tank, Ifri sets its own research agenda, publishingits findings regularly for a global audience.Using an interdisciplinary approach, Ifri brings together political andeconomic decision-makers, researchers and internationally renownedexperts to animate its debate and research activities.With offices in Paris and Brussels, Ifri stands out as one of the rare Frenchthink tanks to have positioned itself at the very heart of European debate.
The opinions expressed in this text are the responsibility of the author alone
.ISBN : 978-2-86592-666-4 © All rights reserved, Ifri, 2010
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Contents
I
NTRODUCTION
.....................................................................................2
P
OLICY
C
HANGE
: D
RIVERS AND
C
ONSTRAINTS
.....................................5
Governance and institutions..................................................................5
The role of ideas, social learning and discourse.................................7
Drivers for and constraints on policy change......................................9
C
HINA
’
S
E
MBEDDED
I
NSTITUTIONS
......................................................14
Behavioral beliefs, internalized norms and governance...................14
Mental models and paradigms.............................................................18
T
HE
I
NSTITUTIONAL
E
NVIRONMENT
.....................................................22
Formal institutions of the state............................................................22
The Communist Party............................................................................24
Policy decision-making and implementation......................................26
The legal system....................................................................................28
A
PPLICATION TO THE
G
OVERNANCE
C
HINA
’
S
E
NERGY
S
ECTOR
...........31
What has driven energy up the political agenda in China?..............31
New ideas and slogans in China’s energy sector................................33
The wider constraints on energy policy..............................................36
Governance structures at central government level..........................38
Energy policy-making...........................................................................41
Policy implementation...........................................................................45
I
MPLICATIONS FOR
C
HINA
’
S ENERGY POLICY
.......................................49
B
IBLIOGRAPHY
...................................................................................52
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A paper looking at the complexities of Chinese politics in relation to the energy sector.
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