Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2010
KAMPOT WATER
SUPPLY UTILITY
KAMPOT
CAMBODIA
B Y
S O R N S O M O L I N E
Contents
1. Introduction .............................................................................................................................3
2. Objective .................................................................................................................................3
3. Methodology ...........................................................................................................................4
4. Location and Target Area........................................................................................................7
5. Socio-Economic Context.........................................................................................................8
5.1. Population.............................................................................................................................8
5.2. Employment .......................................................................................................................12
5.3. Household income and expenditure ...................................................................................17
5.4. Social Structure and Zoning ...............................................................................................21
5.5. Poverty Spatial Distribution ...............................................................................................23
5.5.1 Poverty Mapping ..........................................................................................................24
5.5.2 Result of poverty mapping ...........................................................................................26
6. Gender Issue..........................................................................................................................27
7. Dwelling ................................................................................................................................27
8. Present Situation of Water Supply in Kampot Downtown ...................................................31
8.1 Health and Sanitation ..........................................................................................................31
8.2 Water Sources used in the target area covered by the pipe by Kampot Wtare Supply .......33
8.3 Water sources used in the target area ..................................................................................36
8.3.1 Sources Water for drinking ..........................................................................................37
8.3.2 Source of water for cooking .........................................................................................38
8.3.3. Sources of water for bathing .......................................................................................39
8.3.4 Sources of water for washing .......................................................................................40
9. Willingness to pay for water connection fee.........................................................................41
10. Sanitation and Waste Disposal..............................................................................................43
10.1 Toilet Type ........................................................................................................................45
10.2 Disposal of household waste water ...................................................................................45
11. Solid waste management.........................................................................................................45
12. Urban Development Planning ...............................................................................................46
12.1 The process of Tuek Chhu district and Kampot Municipality ..........................................46
in preparation of development plan...........................................................................................46
12.2 District/Municipality development plan............................................................................50
12.3 Development plan related to water and sanitation ............................................................52
13. View on future development of water and ............................................................................52
sanitation .......................................................................................................................................52
13.1 Commune Development Plan............................................................................................52
13.2. Planning for Extension of Water Supply..........................................................................53
14. Broad Cost Sharing Options..................................................................................................57
15. Indicative Cost Sharing Options ...........................................................................................57
16. Implementation Arrangement ...............................................................................................58
16.1 Survey and Design.............................................................................................................60
16.2 Pipe Lay.............................................................................................................................61
16.3 Latrine Construction..........................................................................................................61
16.4 Initial Environmental Examination ...................................................................................61
The household survey questionnaires identified the general condition of family in the target area
related to water and sanitation include the willingness to pay for water supply. This information
provides the backdrop to one of the fundamental tasks assigned in the Terms of Reference of the
Community and Sanitation specialist. In this mission aim to expand and refine this information
by developing a more comprehensive understanding of household identification and the behavior
of household participants in water supply and sanitation. This is expected to provide a basis,
together with other parallel efforts such as those to strengthen local community, for
recommending project interventions to improve local community's ownership on safe water use
and environmental development. Potential project interventions would include promotes pro-
poor urban water governance, urban water conservation and demand management, integrated
urban environmental sanitation and income generation for the urban poor through community
based water and sanitation services.
2. Objective
The principal objectives of community and sanitation specialist are:
- Conducting a rapid town assessment to determine the status of water and sanitation and
the prevailing urban planning and investment capacities to address those;
- Undertaking an assessment of demand for improved water supply and sanitation through
willingness to pay and affordability surveys;
- Establishing community based financing mechanisms and tariff policies for sustainable
access for the poor to improved water supply and sanitation;
- Extending a community based master plan for solid waste management system and
demonstration of solutions at the community level;
- Implementing a water sanitation and hygiene awareness component based on the
principles of Human Values Based Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Education and;
Demonstrating approaches for improved Water Conservation and Demand Management.
3
3. Methodology
The rapid assessment was undertaken using intensive analysis of existing relevant socio-
economic condition of each target commune and a combination of qualitative and quantitative
research methods. The counterpart personnel from Kampot Water Supply of the Ministry of
Industry, Mines and Energy were also actively joining with the consultant and Project Working
Group. The study was conducted in two steps:
Community Profile System of Cambodian National Statistic 2008: The Census of 2008 provides
the first aggregate numbers on the demographics of the present day Cambodia. This database
serves as a useful tool especially for better understanding the structure of the national labor force.
Useful information at village level on age, sex, relationship, marital status, literacy and education
and housing amenities are obtainable from the Census CD ROM.
Seila Village Databases: Seila Commune Inventory and Village Level Database were developed
for some provinces under the SEILA programs. The database consists of a tool for poverty
ranking computation taking into account several parameters of livelihood indicators and based on
agreed formula developed by the Ministry of Planning in cooperation with UNDP. The database
provides village statistics on housing characteristics, education, health, water and sanitation,
transportation & communication, Agricultural resources, crop production, livestock and fish
farming, local enterprises and employment, housing assets, and community based organizations.
The Commune condition for year 2009: These documents provide the information on local
management and development for nine communes in Kampot downtown. These document were
prepared based on commune database (CDB6) to develop planning and investment of the
commune.
4
Step-2: Area Specific Data collection and Surveys
Additional field research was conducted to support the analysis of the existing data and previous
surveys. An area-specific data was collected on general condition of household, poverty
classification, type of resident, income and expenditure, sources of water usage, health and
sanitation, and affordability to pay for water connection etc. of the targeted village to support the
analysis and evaluation key issues of community development and indicators of project benefits
and outcomes. The survey was complementary to the review of the previous surveys in step-1and
to provide the project with sound understanding of the project areas. A combination of
qualitative and quantitative research methods was used in the assessment.
a)- Qualitative Methodology:
The qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews and mixed group
discussions with key informants and stakeholders. The evaluation was made also through field
inspections by consultant and interviewing with local people at different geographical location in
the target commune. The assessment was centralized to the following main items:
- General environmental condition
- Sanitation and Health condition
- Water supply system
- Waste management include solid disposal and waste water
- General local perception on health and sanitation
- Local perception on poverty and vulnerability
- Roles and commitments of Local Government Units in sanitation development
- Household relationship
- Community resources and development key problems
For an analytical purpose, communities in each commune were then classified according to its
geographical location and household characteristics. An aerial photo of 1:25 000 scales was also
used to help visualization of spatial distribution of household characteristics and make a poverty
map. This poverty map is necessary for classify the household and to decide the supply of water
system. The interviewees include
- District governor
- Commune chief and commune council
- Local government Units
- Staff/Chairman of Community Committees
- OI and NGO Representatives
5
The household survey was used in the quantitative study. These household has selected based on
the location of water supply
extension. An aerial photo and
town maps were used to identify
the target village that will provide
the water supply extension.
Table 1.1 provides a description on the survey coverage, sample and census statistics for the
target commune composing the present report. As the water supply extension cover 2 villages in
Kampong Kraeng, 2 villages in Kampong Bay commune and 2 villages in Traeuy Kaoh
Commune, the sample used to survey was conducted all the household that have not access to
Kampot water supply system.
Survey Result
6
4. Location and Target Area
The Extension of Water Supply and Sanitation, and Monitoring Achievements towards Reaching
the MDGs in Kampot Town project covers nine communes where six communes i.e. Kampong
Bay, Traeuy Kaoh, Kampong Kandal, Andoung Khmaer, Krang Ampil and Trapaeng Thum
belong to Kampot Municipality and three communes i.e. Kampong Kraeng, Maekprang and
Chum Kriel belong to Toek Chhu district.
The project comprises of two main parts water supply extension and sanitation. The water supply
extension covers only three communes where Kampong Bay and Traeuy Kaoh commune belong
to Kampot Municipality and Kampong Kreang commune belong to Toek Chhue district. The
sanitation covers nine communes. During the kick off meeting with Kampot Water Supply
Authority (KWSA), Department of Potable Water Supply, MIME and the representatives of UN-
HABITAT, we agreed that the study area covers only some parts of the nine communes closed to
the existing and proposed extension water supply pipe lines. Figure 1 shows the study area.
LEGEND W E
Study Area S
Commune Boundary
District Boundary
0 1 2 3 Km
7
5. Socio-Economic Context
There are nine communes/sangkat of the target area located in Kampot down town. These
communes are identified as the urban and peri-urban area. Prevailing socio-economic conditions
within that communes/sangkat are described briefly below.
5.1. Population
Kampot is located in
Southern Cambodia
on the coast of the
Gulf of Thailand. It
borders Kampong
Speu to the North,
Takeo and Vietnam
to the East, the Gulf
of Thailand to the
South and
Sihanoukville and
Koh Kong to the
West. The area of the province is 4873 square kilometers (MAFF www.maff.gov.kh). The
topography of the province is variable, from the coastal region on the southern border, to
extensive lowland paddy fields and areas of lowland/ upland mosaic to the east and lowland/
upland mosaic and upland forested areas to the west. Kampot is classified as a rural province.
The total number of households in Kampot in 2008 was 130 thousand within total population
amount 585, 850 that giving an average household size of 4.5 persons (CPS 2008). The people of
Kampot live in 8 districts composed of 92 communes and 482 villages (CDB 2004). The
population density of the province is 120 persons/km2 compared to an average population
density for Cambodia of 75 persons/km2. The majority of the population is Khmer around 90%
and the other is Islamic.
According to the objective of the project nine communes were selected to implement the water
supply and sanitation. These nine communes consists of 31 villages within 9,961 households of
the total population amount 53,176 persons which 27,561 are women.
8
Table 2: List of beneficiary commune from water supply and sanitation
Commune Village Female Male Total Households Persons/HH
Chum Kriel Trapeang Thum 760 721 1481 226 6.55
Chum Kriel Chum Kriel 905 773 1678 330 5.08
Chum Kriel Samraong 484 434 918 174 5.28
Chum Kriel Kampong Kandal 680 568 1248 229 5.45
Kampong Kraeng Makprang 924 873 1797 396 4.54
Kampong Kraeng Andoung Chi Meun 868 887 1755 346 5.07
Kampong Kraeng Prey Tnaot 482 445 927 142 6.53
Kampong Kraeng Kampong Kraeng 609 612 1221 248 4.92
Kampong Kraeng kampongkrong 403 360 763 165 4.62
Meakprang Snam Prampir 1479 1546 3025 541 5.59
Meakprang Bat Kbal damrei 272 275 547 95 5.76
Meakprang Mortpeam 618 654 1272 234 5.44
Trapeang Thum Trapeang Chrey 310 351 661 118 5.60
Trapeang Thum Krang 270 304 574 112 5.13
Trapeang Thum Trapeang Thum 276 244 520 141 3.69
Trapeang Thum Svay Thum 332 298 630 137 4.60
Kampong Kandal Sovann Sakor 2203 1933 4136 803 5.15
Kampong Kandal Phum Muoy Ousaphie 1992 1716 3708 672 5.52
Krang Ampil Krang 1431 1341 2772 515 5.38
Krang Ampil Svay Thum 1127 829 1956 324 6.04
Kampong Bay Kampong Bay Khang Cheung 2033 1874 3907 680 5.75
Kampong Bay Kampong Bay Khang Tboung 1300 1139 2439 479 5.09
Andoung Khmaer Tvi Khang cheung 1310 1124 2434 415 5.87
Andoung Khmaer Tvi Khang tboung 1508 1334 2842 527 5.39
Andoung Khmaer Ou Touch 1065 1060 2125 391 5.43
Andoung Khmaer Andoung Khmaer 479 639 1118 257 4.35
Andoung Khmaer Ta Deb 678 664 1342 278 4.83
Traeuy Kaoh Doun Taok 607 547 1154 233 4.95
Traeuy Kaoh Ta Angk 498 475 973 172 5.66
Traeuy Kaoh Boeng Ta Pream 921 917 1838 322 5.71
Traeuy Kaoh Srae 737 678 1415 259 5.46
Table 3: Beneficiaries village from water supply extension in Kampong Kraeng Commune
District Commune Village Number of family
Toek Chhou Kampong Kraeng Prey Thnot 142
Toek Chhou Kampong Kraeng Kampong Kraeng 248
Total 390
9
Sangkat Kampong Bay
The population in Sangkat Kampong Bay is amount 1,299 families within 6,376 persons
(Commune database 2008). In this commune already has water supply system in some part, so
there are still 445 families shall be benefited from the extension of water supply system.
Table 4: Beneficiaries village from water supply extension in Kampong Bay Commune
Municipal Commune Village Number of family
Kampot Kampong Bay Kampongbay Cheung 680
Kampot Kampong Bay Kampongbay Tboung 479
Total 1,159
Table 5: Beneficiaries village from water supply extension in Treuy Koah Commune
Municipal Commune Village Number of family
Kampot Traeuykoah Ta Ang 172
Kampot Traeuykoah Daun Toak 233
Total 405
10
Table 6: List of beneficiary village from sanitation
11
5.2. Employment
The two sangkat are classified as the urban, Sangkat Treuy Koah and Kampong Bay and the
other one is Kampong Kraeng commune classified as rural area (Commune database 2004).
According to interview with commune/Sangkat Chief we can defined that as following:
13%
8%
3% Agriculture
Handicraft
Service
Other Work
76%
12
Table 7: List of handicraft and services in Kampong Kraeng Commune
Type of business Number
Small rice mill 40
Motorbike and bicycle repairing shop 7
Furniture processing shop 1
Small business service (hair cut, massage, karaoke shop) 7
Small Business (food shop, grocery shop…..) 33
Guess house 1
Input battery 3
13
Main Occupation of household
in Sangkat Kampong Bay
4% 2%
15%
Agriculture
Handicraft
Service
Other Work
79%
14
Sangkat Treuy Koah
About 65.90% of total
household in Sangkat
Treuy Koah are engaged
in agriculture sector
particularly rice
cultivation (21.51%), long
time crop cultivated
(0.64%), fishing (43.19%)
and animal raising
(0.56%). Around 1.43 %
of household work in
service sector and 32.67%
occupy in other work
such as trader, wholesaler or other business. Around 3.43% of heads of households are working
as government officials but they usually are engaged in other activities after working hour in
order to complement the low salary. 3.98% of total household are employer in private sector.
Seasonal migration is a
common phenomenon
with around 2.62 % of
total population having
have proper job in the out
side hometown while
0.62% have no proper job
out side hometown.
There is no
unemployment in this
Sangkat.
15
Main Occupation of Household
in Treuy Koah
33%
Agriculture
Handicraft
Service
Other Work
0% 66%
1%
Makprang Commune
About 90% of total household are engaged in agriculture sector particularly rice cultivation
(12%), long time crop cultivated (64%) , short time crop 8% and around 4% live depend on non
forest product. Around 5 % of household work in service sector and 5% occupy in other work
such as trader, wholesaler or other business.
16
Kampong Kandal Commune
About 35% of total families in this commune occupy in business and wholesaler. This commune
located in the center of Kampot, therefore around 61% occupy in service sector such as
government official, 2% occupy as worker and 2% work in rice field.
Krang Ampil Commune
About 30% of total families in this commune are engaged in agriculture sector and raising
animal. 20% occupy as government official, 25% are worker and 25% occupy in business and
wholesaler.
Andoung Khmaer
About 57% of total families are engaged in agriculture sector while 30% work in government
sector. There is only 3% are worker and 10% occupy in business and wholesaler.
Chum Kriel Commune
About 77% of total families are engaged in agriculture sector particularly rice cultivation (73%),
fishing (3%) and animal raising (1%). 2% occupy in service sector and 21% occupy in other
work.
17
The lowest monthly income falls down to US$9 per month for very poor households, while the
highest household income can reach up to US$365 per month for rich households. This pattern
suggests a significant income inequality and a big gap between poor households and rich
households. There are about 83 percent of households having a monthly income reported lower
than the average monthly income of the surveyed households.
18
Sangkat Kampong Bay
Household monthly income
It is difficult to estimate the income in Sangkat Kampong Bay because most of household didn't
want to answer the income. Among 290 household were interviewed, only 28% of household
provided the answer on cash income.
The average cash income is around USD97 per month. The distribution of monthly income of
households in Sangkat Kompong Bay indicates a great variation around the mean and a big
income difference between the very poor households (very low income) and very rich
households (very high income).The lowest monthly income falls down to US$7 per month for
very poor households, while the highest household income can reach up to US$293 per month
for rich households. There are about 65 percent of households having a monthly income reported
lower than the average monthly income of the surveyed households.
Household monthly expenditure
The expenditure for each household in Sangkat Kampong Bay is larger than income. Household
satisfied to answer the expense than the income. The average of household expenditure in
Kampong Bay is around 173USD per month.
In term of categories of total household expenditure, 23 percent of households fell into the low
expenditure category (total monthly expenditure less than US$100), 62 percent of households -
into medium expenditure category (total monthly expenditure in between US$100 and US$300),
19
and, 15 percent - into the high expenditure category (total monthly expenditure more than
US$300).
20
Household monthly expenditure
The expenditure for each household in Sangkat Treuy Koah is larger than income. Household
satisfied to answer the expense than the cash income. The average of household expenditure in
Kampong Bay is around 166USD per month.
In term of categories of total household expenditure, 29 percent of households fell into the low
expenditure category (total monthly expenditure less than US$100), 62 percent of households -
into medium expenditure category (total monthly expenditure in between US$100 and US$300),
and, 9 percent - into the high expenditure category (total monthly expenditure more than
US$300).
Apart from social structure and cultural inherit; the household relation is also dependent on
education level and living condition. There is notably observed a very good spatial sorting of
livelihood. In general, rich people or dignitaries tend to collectively settle themselves on the
most favorable and expensive land, whereas businessmen, vendors and other middle class people
are housing in the center, closed to the markets or along the main roads or on the land of second
order. Low income or poor people occupy the remaining part, where the land is generally the
most unfavorable and hazardous. This situation is made that the poor are the most vulnerable and
affected targets.
21
The town can be divided into 2 big
zones according to its household
characteristics and living condition:
urban and peri-urban. In the urban
area, (like other typical cities, e.g.
Phnom Penh) people are living in the
apartment or flats readily equipped
with sewerage systems and sanitation
facilities. This is the highest
population density area like Sangkat
Kampong Bay. The urban population is predominant by the middle class households with
moderately high income and a generally high education level. Because of its location is central to
all business activities, the urban population have always easier access to all kind of public
services.
There is a good advantage in the urban society that the sewerage system and sanitation facilities
are in general well integrated and pre-defined by the competent authorities before the house
construction starts. This means that a newly house builder is obligated to integrate its sanitation
facility into the existing framework. This could also imply that integrated sanitation system is a
must for each urban household.
22
Contrary to the urban zone, in peri-
urban area, each household has a piece
of land or land plot with and average
front size ranging from 10 to 30
meters. Some part of Sangkat Treuy
Koh and Kompong Kraeng Commune
are identified as peri-urban.
Depending on its location comparing
to the main roads, the household
characteristics are different. Two distinctive sub-zones can be described here: the outer sub-zone
and the inner sub-zone. The rich and middle class households in general occupy the outer sub-
zones. The poor households and in most of the cases with low education level, encircled by rich
and middle class households are in general located in the inner sub-zone in low poorly drained
flood plain. This inner sub-zone is characterized by scattered household settlement without well
integrated roads, sewerage and sanitation facilities. The outer sub-zone, although located along
the main roads, the lack of integrated sewerage is also common. There is no interconnected
sanitation system between households. Each household has developed its own independent
sanitation facility, including in most of the cases water supply (using digging well) within the
perimeter of its land property.
In this peri-urban area, the traditional household relation and rural community structure remain
unbroken by economic activities. Household in general knows their neighboring quite well, and
the good relationship goes even as far as 1-2 km away from home. However, this relationship
seems to have been broken between the inner and outer sub-zones. The social unconformity
between the two sub-zones was also reported in some locations. Although, both sub-zones share
common sanitation problems, i.e., lack of integrated system, the outer sub-zone seems to be less
affected thank to its location at relatively higher ground level. The cross subsidy is very unlikely
to be practical between these two sub-zones.
23
and its linkages. The section below is attempting only to identify and locate the poor
communities which should have benefits from the current project.
24
4. General condition of the house (interviewer examines and fill up, do not ask)
5. What is the size of your house? (interviewer asks and examines)
6. Household income
6a. What is your major income among the income activities: rice cultivation, vegetable
planting or crop planting, and other activities?
6b. How much area of rice cultivation, vegetable planting or crop planting land? (include
your own land, rented land and land surround the premise)
6.c What kind of fishing tools do you have?
6.d What are your major income activities?
7. Livestock raising activities
7a. Do you raise pig, goat, cow, buffalo, horse? If yes, how many are they? How many of
them do you exchange raising1 with other people? (for people who live on land)
7b. Do you raise pig? If yes, how many are they? How many of them do you exchange
raising2 with other people? (for people who live on water)
8. Within the last 12 months do you owe someone's rice? If yes, how many month?
9. Household members
9a. How many member does your family have?
9b. How many member of your family that do not have income?
10. How much property do you have? List down
11. How many transportation means do you have? List down
12. Within the last 12 months is there any even happen that make you lose income, face
food shortage, sold your properties, or borrow money from other people?
13. Your members
13a. How many person in your family are 6 years old to 11 years old?
13b. How many of them do not go to school?
13c. What reasons that cause those children do not go to school?
14. Special condition that causes their livelihood goes down?
15. Special condition that causes their livelihood goes up?
15a. Within the last 12 months do you receive any support from your children or your
relations?
1
The exchange raising in here means a person look after live stock (for example a cow) for a someone and when
that cow gives the first birth then the first baby cow will long to the person who look after the cow, when the cow
gives second birth and then the second baby cow will belong to the cow owner.
2
The exchange raising in here means a person look after live stock (for example a cow) for a someone and when
that cow gives the first birth then the first baby cow will long to the person who look after the cow, when the cow
gives second birth and then the second baby cow will belong to the cow owner.
25
15b. Within the last 12 months, what even that improves your family's livelihood?
16. The interviewer should check, is there any doubtful answer?
26
Based on the distribution of those poor households category 1 and 2, we can see that it is quit
difficult for the project to help those poor people in potable water supply because most of them
located far from the water supply system.
The result of poverty list for each village will be attached with the Annex 2.
6. Gender Issue
Women play an important role in the family such
as prepare food for families, take care of the
children, management of family financial resource.
In Cambodia society women is more responsible
in the family than men especially for housework
including cleaning the house, fetching and boiling
water, cooking and washing. In additional some
women also work outside house to earn the cash
income such as running the small business like weaving, sale agriculture product, food, ect….at
the local market in order to generate substantial cash income of the family. The majority of
sellers in Sangkat Kampong Bay are women. Some women in Sangkat Treuy Koah and
Kampong Kraeng commune have their small business in Kampot town market. Women will
benefit from the extension of Kampot Water Supply Project as they are responsible for fetching
water for cooking and washing. In term of sanitation, women are more venerable than men
because women face the problem of the lack of latrine. So, the availability of appropriate latrines
is most required for the dignity of the women.
7. Dwelling
The residence in Kampot down town has divided in six category such as cottage, zinc, wooden
brick, flat and village. People live in the flat in the urban with more density that in the peri-urban
that people live in big land within the house that made of zinc, wooden, brick. However, poor
people live in cottage that build of bamboo/wood, with the roof cover by palm or coconut leaves
while the rich live in the village or dwelling build of brick or luxury wood. The table bellows
are described the type of resident in each commune and target village:
27
Table 13: Number of residence classified by roof in target village (Commune data 2008)
Type of residence Total in Prey Thnot Kampong
Commune Village Kraeng Village
Roof build of palm/coconut/grass leaves 438 20 28
Roof build of Zinc/Fibro 607 60 184
Roofing tile 160 13 37
Flat with many household 1 1 0
Flat 17 15 1
Village 8 5 3
Type of residence in Kampong Kraeng & Prey Thnot Village (Project survey 2009)
28
Table 14: Number of residence classified by roof in target village (2008)
Type of residence Total in Kampong Bay Kampong Bay
Commune Cheung Village Tboung Village
Roof build from palm/coconut/grass 15 15 0
leaves
Roof build from Zinc/Fibro 414 339 75
Roofing tile 32 24 8
Flat with many household 213 57 156
Flat 480 240 240
Village 11 3 8
Type of residence in Kampong Bay Tboung & Prey Kampong Bay Cheung Village
(Project survey 2009)
Sangkat Treuy Koah
Some part of Sangkat Treuy koah defined
as urban and some part still in the peri-
urban area. Around 74.95 percent have
the dwelling that have roof build from
zinc or fibro, 16.90 percent of dwelling
are palm/coconut/grass roof, 5.70 percent
are roofing tile and 2.34 percent are flat.
According to the information from
Sankat authority 156 families live in
public land in 2008.
29
Table 15: Number of residence classified by roof in target village (2008)
Type of residence Total in Daun Toak Ta Ang Village
Commune Village
Roof build from palm/coconut/grass 166 0 6
leaves
Roof build from Zinc/Fibro 736 262 159
Roofing tile 56 7 6
Flat 23 0 7
Village 1 0 0
Type of residence in Daun Toak & Ta Angk Village (Project survey 2009)
This commune defined as peri-urban that 60% of total dwelling have roof made of zinc or fibro,
2.58% have roof made of grass or palm/coconut leaf, 7.24% are tile roof, 26% are flat, 3.44% are
flat with many families in and 0.74% are villages.
Andoung Khmaer commune:
This commune defined as peri-urban that 83.26% of total dwelling have roof made of zinc or
fibro, 7.95% are tile roof, 6.56% have roof made of grass or palm/coconut leaf,1.5% are flat,
0.21 % are flat with many families in and 0.52% are villages.
Chumkriel commune:
30
Chumkriel commune is defined as peri-urban. Around 88.84% of total dwelling have roof made
of zinc or fibro, 5.99 % are tile roof, 1.86% have roof made of grass/leaf, 3.1% are flat and
0.21% are flat with many families in.
Kampong Kandal commune
This commune defined as urban area. About 56.66% of total dwelling have roof made of zinc or
fibro, 29.57% are flat, 7.49% are tile roof, 4.25% are flat with many families in and 2.03% are
villages.
Trapeang Thom commune
Trapeang Thom is defined as peri-urban area. About 72.53% of dwelling have roof made of zinc
or fibro, 8.90% are tile roof, 3.29% are grass or leaf roof, 13.54% are flat, 1.35% are flat with
many families in and 0.39% are villages.
Makprang Commune
Makprang commune is defined as peri-urban. About 50% of dwelling have roof made of zinc or
fibro, 44% are grass or leaf roof, 3 % are tile roof, and 3% are flat.
In general people live in peri-urban areas use rain water during rainy season and surface water
like stream, dug ponds, open wells and pumped wells in dry season. People live in these areas
face critical problems of water shortage in dry season every year. Some of those remote areas
have access roads; they can buy water from water venders. In urban area, people have accessed
to potable water system of Kampot Water Supply (KWS).
According to the commune status report show that in Kampong Kraeng commune 31.05 percent
are using pipe water. Among those households, 53.6 percent use water line of the private
company that connected from the main pipe of Kampot Water Supply and sell water to
household around 10,000 Riel per cubic meter and other 3.41 percent use water from neighbor
31
household. However, 12.87 percent use pump well water, 41.06 have dug well in their dwelling
or plot, 9.09 percent use water from pond, 2.54 percent have the rain stored in their dwelling and
3.39 percent use surface water from rivers, streams or lakes but the water quality is so bad. There
is no waste collection in this commune so people bury the rubbish in their own land. About 86%
of total household have no latrine. The problem is no sewage system.
3% 3%
9%
31% Pipe Water
Pump well
Dug well
Pond
River, stream, lake
41% Rain stored
13%
However, in dry season household drink pipe water around 33.59 percent. Only 4.62 percent
have their own safe water instrument to process the safe water and 49.31 percent drink boiled
water. Household were also asked for the time taken to fetch water. 46.07 percent fetch the water
less than 150 meters from home and 29.58 percent go to fetch water more than 150 meters.
Related to water supply in Sangkat Kampong Bay, there is 93.01 percent use water line from
Kampot water supply. Among those, there is 70.89 percent connected from private company,
6.57 percent use water from neighbor household. There is only 6.99 percent use source water
from pond. 93.18 percent fetch water less than 150 meters from home.
7%
Pipe Water
Pond
93%
32
About 5.68 percent have their own water instrument to process the safe water and 36.98 percent
drink boiled water. There is a company that provides service for solid waste collection but the
service is not good because of the delay and not clear about the collection schedule. This
commune is often flood in the raining season. About 13.72 percent have no latrine.
Some part of Sangkat Treuy Koah is defined as Peri-urban area. The water supply system is
limited in this Sangkat. There have water supply system for the household along the big road.
This water supply system manages by community that support by CWCC. Around 92.35 use
pipe water that 70.46 percent connected from private company with price of water is quite high
4,000 Riel per cubic meter.
3% 3%
1% 0%
Pipe Water
Dug well
Pond
River, stream, lake
Rain stored
93%
About 73.32 percent fetch water more than 150 meter far away from home. 45.02 percent boiled
water for drinking and 0.40 percent have the safe water instrument to produce safe drinking
water. There is no waste collection and sewage system in this commune. People burn the rubbish
in their own land. The sanitation and environment sector not yet establish. About 91.47% of total
household have no latrine.
8.2 Water Sources used in the target area covered by the pipe by
Kampot Water Supply
At present, the service coverage of KWS covers
Kampot Municipalities and some parts of Teuk
Chhou district. For Kampot Municipality, the
service cover 5 communes where Kampong Kandal
covers 70.04%, Kampong Bay covers 63.68%,
Krang Ampil covers 51.53%, Andoung Khmer
covers 29.91% and Traeuy Kaoh 0.78%. For Teuk
Chhu district, the service cover 4 communes where
33
2% in Chum Kriel commune, 7.26% in Trapaeng Thum commune, 0.77% in Kampong Kraeng
commune and 12.46% in Meakprang commune. Detail of household connection is shown in
table 15 below:
Table 16: Percentage of connection in Kampot Municipality
Kampot Municipality Household Population Connection Percentage
1. Sangkat Kampong Kandal 1452 7746 1017 70.04
a- Sovann Sakor Village 794 4113 441 55.54
b- Muoy Ousaphie Village 658 3633 576 87.54
2. Sangkat Kampong Bay 1148 6056 731 63.68
a- Kampong Bay Cheung Village 678 3604 380 56.05
b- Kampong Bay Tboung Village 470 2452 351 74.68
3- Sangkat Krang Ampil 914 4735 471 51.53
a- Svay Thum Village 358 1903 160 44.69
b- Krang Village 556 2832 311 55.94
4- Sangkat Andoung Khmaer 1926 10003 576 29.91
a- Tvi Khang Tboung Village 572 3037 281 49.13
b- Tvi Khang Cheung Village 430 2380 206 47.91
c- Andoung Khmaer Village 262 1244 16 6.11
d- Ou Touch Village 374 1915 73 19.52
e- Ta Deb Village 288 1427 0 0.00
5- Sangkat Traeuy Koah 1151 5674 9 0.78
a- Ta Angk Village 171 997 9 5.26
b- Doun Taok Village 295 1317 0 0.00
c- Srae Village 318 1415 0 0.00
d- Buoeng Tapream Village 367 1945 0 0.00
Total Connection in Kampot Municipality 6591 34214 2804 42.54
%
80 70.04
63.68
70
51.53
60
50
29.91
40
30
20
0.78
10
0
Kampo ng Kandal Kampo ng B ay Krang A mpil A ndo ung Khmer Traey Ko ah
34
Table 17: Percentage of connection in Teuk Chhu District
Teuk Chhu District Household Population Connection Percentage
1. Chum Kriel Commune 983 5212 20 2.03
a- Chum Kriel Village 335 1710 1 0.30
b- Trapeang Thum Village 234 1194 0 0.00
c- Samraong Village 177 922 18 10.17
d- Kampong Kandal Village 237 1386 1 0.42
2. Trapeang Thum Commune 537 2739 39 7.26
a- Trapeang Thum Village 148 764 38 25.68
b- Svay Thum Village 145 665 1 0.69
c- Krang Village 118 605 0 0.00
d- Trapeang Chrey Village 126 705 0 0.00
3. Kampong Kraeng Commune 390 2630 3 0.77
a- Kampong Kraeng Village 248 1564 3 1.21
b- Prey Tnaot Village 142 1066 0 0.00
4. Meakprang Village Commune 626 3130 78 12.46
a- Snam Prampir Village 626 3130 78 12.46
Total Connection in Teuk Chhu District 2536 13711 140 6.62
%
12.46
14
12
10 7.26
6
2.03
4 0.77
0
Chum Kriel Trapeang Thum Kampong Kraeng Meak Prang
35
8.3 Water sources used in the target area
The survey result indicated that in
Kampong Kraeng Commune 31.05
percent are using pipe water. Among
those households, 53.6 percent use
water line of the private company that
connected from the main pipe of
Kampot Water Supply and sell water
to household around 10,000 Riel per
cubic meter and other 3.41 percent
use water from neighbor household. However, 12.87 percent use borehole water, 41.06 have dug
well in their dwelling or plot, 9.09
percent use water from pond, 2.54
percent have the rain stored in their
dwelling and 3.39 percent use
surface water from rivers, streams or
lakes but the water quality is so bad.
The water supply system is limited in Sangkat Treuy Koah. There have water supply system for
the household along the big road. This water
supply system manages by community that
support by CWCC. Around 92.35 use pipe
water that 70.46 percent connected from
private company with price of water is quite
high 4,000 Riel per cubic meter.
In general poor households are more
likely to be affected by the high cost of water
due to the fact that they don't have access to
public pipe line or are not affordable for the connection.
36
8.3.1 Sources Water for drinking
The socio-economic survey indicates that the main sources of drinking water in the target
commune/sangkat are mostly cover by pipe water in both dry and raining season. During the dry
season household buy water with the high price around 4,000Riel per cubic meter.
But the percentage of household use pipe water for drinking was felled down during the raining
season because people stored rain water to use instead of pipe water.
In Kampong Kraeng Commune, the sources of drinking water is 75.60 percent used pipe water in
dry season and it decreased to 49.26 percent in raining season when the use of rain water up to
45.36 percent in raining season. The chart below shows the comparison of source of drinking
water that household use in dry and raining season.
80
75.6
70
60
49.26
50 45.36
Dry season
40
Rainning Season
30
20
11.25
5.85 3.43 6.82
10
0.48 1.95
0
Pipe Pump w ell Dug w ell Lake/river Rain
37
In Kampong Bay, the percentage of household use pipe water for drinking in dry season is
around 97% and it decreased to 84% in raining season.
120
100 96.96
84.12
80
Dry season
60
Rainning Season
40
20 14.19
0.00 0.34 0.00 2.36
0.00 0.34
0 1.69
Pipe Pump w ell Dug w ell Lake/river Rain
In Sangkat Treuy Koah about 83.69 percent of household used pipe water in dry season and it
remains 69.55 percent of household use pipe water in raining season.
90 83.69
80 69.55
70
60
50 Dry season
40 Rainning Season
30 21.84
20
10.46
10 7.69 3.4
0.3 2.15 0.92
0
n
pe
er
el
el
ai
w
v
w
Pi
R
/ri
p
ug
ke
m
D
Pu
La
According to the survey indicated that the sources of water for cooking in each target area are
not much difference from the sources of water used for drinking. The majority people prefer to
use pipe water for cooking in dry season but they save the money by using rain water in stead of
pipe water in raining season. The chart bellow shows the comparison of sources water for
cooking in dry and raining season by each target commune/sangkat.
38
Sources of water for cooking in Kampong Kraeng
%
80 75.6
70
60
49.26
50 43.41
Dry season
40
Rainning Season
30
20 11.25
10 5.85 3.9 6.82
0.48 3.43
0
Pipe Pump w ell Dug w ell Lake/river Rain
90 82.15
80
70 65.84
60
50 Dry season
40 Rainning Season
30 22.46
20 14.15
10.76
10 0.3 2.46 0.94 0.94
0
Pipe Pump w ell Dug w ell Lake/river Rain
120
96.28
100
82.43
80
Dry season
60
Rainning Season
40
15.88
20
0.00
0.00 3.04 1.69 0.34
0.340.00
0
n
l
pe
er
el
el
ai
w
v
w
Pi
R
/ri
p
ug
ke
m
D
Pu
La
39
Sources of water for bathing in Treuy Koah
%
90
80.3
80
70
60
50 43.38 Dry season
41.53
40 Rainning Season
30
20 15.4
13.25
10 3.7 1.84
0.3 0.3
0
Pipe Pump w ell Dug w ell Lake/river Rain
70 65.36
60 54.14
50
40 Dry season
28.29
30 Rainning Season
20.97
20
10.75 11.7
10 4.9 1.95
0.97 0.97
0
Pipe Pump w ell Dug w ell Lake/river Rain
100 94.93
90
80
70
57.77
60
Dry season
50 39.53
Rainning Season
40
30
20
10 4.052.36 0.68
0.00
0.00 0.34 0.34
0
Pipe Pump w ell Dug w ell Lake/river Rain
40
Sources of water for washing in Kampong Kraeng
%
70
62.92
57
60
50
40 Dry season
30 22.45 22.95 Rainning Season
20 14.65
11.7
10 4.9
0.97 1 1.46
0
Pipe Pump w ell Dug w ell Lake/river Rain
90
79
80
70
60
Dry season
50 44.61
38.46 Rainning Season
40
30
20 16.92
15.38
10 3.38 0.35
0.35 1.55
0
Pipe Pump w ell Dug w ell Lake/river Rain
94.93
100
90
80
70
60 53.72
Dry season
50 42.91
40 Rainning Season
30
20
10 0.00
0.00 0.34 0.34 4.05 3.04 0.68
0
Pipe Pump w ell Dug w ell Lake/river Rain
41
Related to the question if family want to connect the water from Kampot water supply or not,
about 94 percent of household in Kampong Kraeng want to connect, 95 percent of household in
Kampong Bay provide positive idea on the water connection and 95 percent of household in
Treuy Koah also want to connect from Kampot water supply. The majority of the household
about 94 percent in all the target area agree on the price of the water 1,400 riel per cubic meter.
The chat below show the percentage of household agree/disagree on the current water price
(1,400 Riel/cubic meter)
%
100
94 94 94
90
80
70
60
Kampong Kraeng
50
Kampong Bay
40
Treuy Koah
30
20
10 5 3 3 4
3 2
0
Agreed Disagreed No Answer
The percentage of household agree/disagree on the price 1,400 riel per cubic meter
However, it was difficult to deal up with the connection fee. The current cost of total connection
is around 474,600 Riel (113 USD). Related to this cost, 78 percent of household in Kampong
Kraeng agree to pay while 80 percent of household in Kampong Bay are also agreed to pay too
but it around 69 percent of household in Treuy Koah agree to pay on that cost.
42
%
90
80
78
80
69
70
60
Kampong Kraeng
50
Kampong Bay
40 Treuy Koah
28
30
19 17
20
10 4 3 3
0
Agreed Disagreed No Answer
43
The percentage of household have no
toilet is 57% in Meakprang while
98% of those people defecate in the
field. 55.37% of household in
Trapeang Thum have no toilet while
93% defecate in the field, 3% use in
public, 4% use neighboring toilet. In
Kampong Kandal the percentage of
household has no private toilet is
about 2.90 %. This Sangkat located in the middle of the town, 29% amount that household
defecate in the field, 7% use public latrine, 25% use neighboring toilet and 29% defecate in the
water. 38.44% of household in Krang Ampil have no toilet, 59% of those household defecate in
the field while 39% use neighboring toilet. Only 13.72% of household in Kampong Bay have no
latrine, 65% defecate in the field, 26% use neighboring toilet. About 46.48% have no latrine in
Andoung Khmer, 73% defecate in the field, 9% use public latrine, 12% use neighboring toilet
and 4% defecate into the water. Around 91.47% of household in Traeuy Koah have no private
toilet and 100% of those people defecate in the field.
44
10.1 Toilet Type
The survey indicated that types of latrine that household used in the target area are: public
latrine, pit latrine, dig & bury, pour flash, septic tank, latrine connected to sewage, some
household use neighbor latrine and other latrine.
Regarding to the questionnaire asked about the type of latrine that household want to build in
Chum Kriel, about 35% prefer septic tank, 4% want to build septic tank. In Kampong Kraeng,
65% prefer pit latrine while 3% prefer septic tank. In Makprang, 78% prefer pit latrine, 16%
prefer septic tank and 6% prefer dry latrine. In Trapeang Thom, 65% prefer pit latrine while 15%
prefer septic tank. In Kampong Kandal, among household that have no latrine, 96% prefer pit
latrine and 4% prefer septic tank. In Krang Ampil, 100% of household than have no latrine
prefer to build pit latrine. 68% of household in Kampong Bay prefer to build pit latrine while
16% prefer septic tank. In Andoung Khmer, 51 % prefer pit latrine, 16% prefer to build septic
tank and 28% prefer dry latrine. 68% of household in Treuy Koah prefer pit latrine, 9% prefer
septic tank while 16% prefer dry latrine.
45
the reassurance and some stores near the waterfall throw out the rubbish bag into water or in
public land. The waste collection service in Angdong Khmer commune is also poor because they
don’t collect rubbish on time and the service covered only along the National road. In Trapeang
Thum, the waste collection service covered only along the big road but people live along the
small road burry their rubbish. There is no waste collection for household in Chum Kriel
commune but the service conduct in the market area. In Kampong Kandal commune, the
collection service are available along the National Road otherwise there is no collection service
along the small road.
The present solid waste collection was legally granted to a company named Kim Saophorn but in
actual condition the solid waste in Kampot Town was collected by two agencies where Kim
Saophorn company provide the solid waste collection service focus on household solid waste and
solid waste of some markets and another agencies is Kampot market tax collector who collects
only solid waste of Kampot market.
Kim Saophorn company said that they collect solid waste every day for area along main roads
and for small roads they collect solid waste once for every 3 days but in actual situation, the
company collect solid waste did not follow what they have mentioned especially areas in small
roads, some time the solid waste collection service was extended to once a week (complain of
local people and authorities).
The solid waste collection service provided by Kim Saophorn company are being under
operating with 3 trucks with 5 tones capacity in operation, 7 street sweepers, 4 solid waste
collectors, 4 staff work in office, 6 drivers and one chief operator.
At present Kampot Municipality is the same as Toek Chhu district do not have their own
development plan because all development plans were prepared in the process of bottom up that
means all development plans were prepared by commune council under the coordination of
provincial office local administration (POLA).
12.1.1 Institution responsible in preparing the development plans
46
As it was a bottom up process for the preparation of commune development plans, so all
development plans were prepared by commune council with the participation from local people
under the coordination from POLA. Beside the commune council and POLA, there are 3
committees are also involved in development plan preparation like District Technical
Development Committee, District Development Committee and Provincial Executive
Committee. These committees have different role in the development plan preparation.
The District/Municipality Technical Development Committee (DTDC) composes of members as
follow:
- District/Municipality governor is the chief committee
- Deputy Governor is the deputy chief committee
- Technical staffs from technical offices are the members
- Director of District/Municipality department is the member
- Volunteers are the members
The DTDC has the role in reviewing all development plans prepared by commune council and
give technical advises or comments.
The provincial executive committee has four components like POLA, Technical Support Unit
(TSU), Financial Unit (FU) and Contract Management Unit. The committee has the role in
supporting DDC to integrate all CDPs and submit them to provincial and national levels.
c) Compiling process
After DTDC has reviewed all those development plans, they send them to DDC to compile all
commune development plans.
d) Integrating process
With the support of provincial executive committee, they have organized a workshop to integrate
all commune development plans with the participation of all relevant departments, NGOs and
development agencies. The workshop is very important because it provides opportunity for all
relevant departments, NGOs and development agencies to support some of those development
plans and the remaining development plans will be prioritized and submitted to central
government to support. The below diagram illustrates the process of preparing development
plans for Toek Chhu district and Kampot Municipality.
48
FLOW CHART OF COMMUNE DEVELOPMENT PLANS PREPARATION PROCESS
49
Beside the above mentioned process, it is special for Kampot Municipality because all provincial
departments and provincial administration office are located in Kampot Municipality, so there
are many development plans have been prepared individually according to their mandates and
responsibility and the process and tools use for preparing the development plans are also
different.
For Kampot Municipality does have an urban plan which is prepared by Provincial Department
of Land Management, Urban Planning, Cadastral and Construction in cooperation with GTZ.
This urban plan does not get approve from the Provincial Governor yet. The urban plan shows
the extension areas of the town, industry zones, roads, sewage system and waste water treatment
plant. It does not contain water supply system and sanitation. Figure 2 show urban plan of
Kampot Municipality.
Beside the above urban plan, it also has many sectoral plans which are prepared by different
institutions in the Kampot Town. For in stand, KWS has its master plan prepared by JICA
project, Department of Environment has its own plan and etc. All those sectoral plans are not
50
integrated into the urban plan and most of them are not presented to Kampot Municipality. So
Kampot Municipality does not know well about those sectoral plans.
51
12.3 Development plan related to water and sanitation
Based on the commune development plan for year 2011, there are many development plans have
been raised for year 2011 and it contains many sector like economic, social, natural resource and
environmental management, administration and security and gender. In social sector, they have
raised plans for clean water supply and latrine material provision. They are shown in highlighted
rows of the commune development plans. The detail plans are attached in Annex 3.
Kampong Kraeng commune have the problem with sewage waste water because it is flooded
during raining season. There is no solid waste collection service, so people throw the rubbish in
the public area or burn it. The commune council has put the critical issue for commune
development plan from 2008 to 2012 as following:
- Conduct awareness raising on health and sanitation 25 times per year
- Plan to dig 50 pump well
- Plan to dig 5 pond
- Plan to dig 50 dig well
- Plan to rehabilitate 10 well
- Find the donor to support the construction of 500 latrine
In Kampong Bay have the problem with sewage system because it is flood in raining season and
another problem is the service of solid waste collection is not proper. The commune council has
put the critical issue for commune development plan for year 2009 as following:
- Prepare sewage system 2,500 meters
- Connect pipe water for people use 1,796 meters
- Awareness raising people to use boil water for drinking 12 times
- Educate people to construct latrine for 120 families
- Plan to construct waste water system 2,871 meters
- Plan to prepare 1 garbage pile
- Plan to establish 1 garbage kiln
52
Sangkat Treuy Koah: people difficult to access to pipe water system and the price of water is
very high 4,000 Riel per cubic meter. There is no service of solid waste collection. The
commune council suggests improving the pipe water system, solid waste collection service and
sewage system. They also suggest the construction of latrine because only 15 percent of
household have latrine.
Makprang commune: The commune council has put the critical issue for sanitation in five years
planning to build latrine in amount of 76,000,000 Riel and amount 2,000,000 Riel for sanitation
education.
Trapeang Thum commune: This commune plan to build 40 latrines for 200 of beneficiaries.
Kampon Kandal commune: The main problem for this commune is flood, so commune council
has made the plan as following:
- Rehabilitate sewage for rain draining 4,500 meter
- Prepare sewage system 3,756 meter
- Education on latrine construction 60 times per annual
Chumkriel commune:
- Safe water connection 2,500 meter
- Build 200 latrine
- Sanitation education 8 times per annual
53
Kraeng and Andoung Khmaer communes. The water system is not properly designed or
installed; they just simply connect water supply pipelines along two main roads by using PVC
pipes and supply water to people living along the roads. The water are not treated, they just
pump water from the stream in upstream and distribute.
The Water Supply service of Kampot covers Kampot Municipalities and some parts of Teuk
Chhou district. For Kampot Municipality, the service cover in 5 Sangkat where Sangkat
Kampong Kandal covers 70.04%, Sangkat Kampong Bay covers 63.68%, Sangkat Krang Ampil
covers 51.53%, Sangkat Andoung Khmer covers 29.91% and Sangkat Traeuy Kaoh 0.78%. For
Teuk Chhu district, the service cover 4 communes where Chum Kriel commune covers 2%,
Trapaeng Thum commune covers 7.26%; Kampong Kraeng commune covers 0.77% and
Keakprang commune cover 12.46%. The water supply that they provide is 24 hours a day with at
least 2b pressure. The water supply coverage of Kampot Water Supply Utility is shown in
Figure below.
W E
Kampong Kraeng
Krang Ampil
Kampong Bay
Trapeang Thum
Andoung Khmaer
54
13.2.2 Future water supply coverage
In the future, the KWS plan to extend their water supply coverage to the northern part, Eastern
part and southern part of the town. Their extension will cover 2 Sangkat (Sangkat Andoung
Khmaer and Sangkat Traeuy Kaoh) of Kampot Municipality and 6 communes of Teuk Chhu
district i.e. Chum Kriel, Trapaeng Thum, Kampong Kraeng, Prey Khmum, Trapaeng Pring and
Trapaeng Sangkae communes.
In Sangkat Andoung Khmaer - the water supply will be extended in two villages: Andoung
Khmaer and Ta Deb village.
In Sangkat Traeuy Kaoh - the water supply will be extended in three villages, Ta Angk, Doun
Kaot and Srae villages, and extended to a new village Traeuy Kaoh village.
In Chum Kriel commune - the water supply will be extended in two villages: Samraong and
Kampong Kandal villages
In Trapaeng Thum commune - the water supply will be extended in two: Trapaeng Thum and
Svay Thum villages
In Kampong Kraeng commune - the water supply will be extended in two villages: Kampong
Kraeng and Prey Tnaot villages
In prey Khmum commune, the water supply will be extended to a new village, Boeng Ta Roung
In Trapaeng Pring commune, the water supply will be extended to two new villages: Trapaeng
Pring and Angk villages
In Trapaeng Sangkae commune, the water supply will be extended to two new villages:
Kampong Kae and Trapaeng Thum villages.
The water supply coverage of Kampot Water Supply Utility is shown in Figure and Table
below.
55
Future plan of water supply coverage of Kampot town
W E
Prey Khmum S
Kampong Kraeng
Krang Ampil
Andoung Khmaer
Kampong Kandal
Chum Kriel
Teuk Chhu
District
Traeuy Kaoh
Kampot LEGEND
Municipality
Water supply coverage
Road
Water supply pipeline
Commune boundary
District boundary
Scale 1:45000
0 1 2 3 Km
56
Teuk Chhu District
1. Chum Kriel Commune
c- Samraong Village Extend
d- Kampong Kandal Village Extend
2. Trapeang Thum Commune
a- Trapeang Thum Village Extend
b- Svay Thum Village Extend
3. Kampong Kraeng Commune
a- Kampong Kraeng Village Extend
b- Prey Tnaot Village Extend
4. Prey Khmum Commune
a- Boeng Ta Roung Village New
5. Prapeang Pring Commune
a- Prapeang Pring Village New
b- Angk Village New
6. Prapeang Sangkae Commune
a- Kampong Kae New
b- Trapeang Thum New
The total cost of the project is estimated at USD 293,800 of which UN-HABITAT provided
USD 214,300, The Kampot Water Supply provides USD53, 000 in kind and the community
contributes USD 26,000 in kind. The detailed of cost sharing for all stakeholders is attached in
Annex 4.
16.Implementation Arrangement
There are 4 major levels of project implementation as follows:
- Project steering Committee (PSC)
- Project Implementation Unit (PIU)
- District/Municipality Coordination Committee (DCC)
- Commune/villages working Committee (CWC) as so-called Water and Sanitation
Committees (WATSAN)
Following the 4 level project implementation model, consultation meetings were organised at the
beginning of the project at provincial, district and village levels to discuss project
implementation modelities. Stakeholders including Kampot Water Supply, Provincial
Department of Industries, Mines and Energy, District officials and community members were
58
informed of the project, its objectives and scope after which a work plan was proposed and
agreed.
The Following committees and sub-committees for each project component with representatives
from all stakeholders have been established by the Ministry of Industry, Mines and Energy to
oversee, manage and ensure successful implementation of the project.
1. Project Steering Committee at Provincial Department level - responsible for
- overseeing and guiding all aspects of the project including;
- implementation of the project to to garantte that the project will reach the output
on time and provide technical support ;
- coordination and cooperation among stakeholder at provincial and district levels;
- deciding on the implementation plan and monitoring the project;
- Monitoring and approving the budget plan for project implementation and
accountability and transparency for auditing the implementation of the project.
The committee will also conduct regular review and assessment of progress and lessons learned
to guarantee success of the project and report to Ministry of Industry Mine and Energy and UN-
HABITAT. The Appointed Agreement is attached in Annex 5.
2. Project Implementation Unit (PIU) - responsible for
- Lead the implementation activities and assistance of the steering commettee of the
exstension of water supply and sanitation in Kampot Province;
- Prepare activities plan and request the approval from the project steering committee;
- Prepare budget plan for the project implementation and request the approval from
project steering committee;
- Supervising and preparing project procurement;
- Monitoring investigation and coordination and cooperation with the company that
win the bid in project implementation;
- Prepare accounting for project expenditure to garantee the accuracy and transparency
of the project implementation;
- supervising and managing construction work and extension of the network.
The appointed agreement is attached in Annex 5.
3. District Coordination Committee - responsible for participatory discussions and
planning and guiding implementation of activities in each village.
4. Working Group participation from Head of Commune/Sangkat, Commune/ Sangkat
Council and Chief of Village - responsible for:
- Revolving Funds - conducting socio-economic survey of households and poor
household survey, and discussing and revising regulations relating to
revolving funds as needed and supervising operation of the funds;
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- Survey and Alignment of Water Pipes - survey of locations and alignment of
water pipes, clarifying with the communtiy members on the impact of pipe
laying on their land and assets, and estimating the costs;
- Environmental Sanitation - raising awareness on the importance of
environmental sanitation and educating villagers on the values of water;
- Procedure - coordinating with the PIU on procurement of equipment and
materials;
- Close cooperation with district coordination committee and technical
committee and technical committee responsible for all activities to be
implemented in each village.
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- Environmental impact review.
- Project layout.
- Pipelines.
- Calculation of presure in pipes.
- Procurement of material for latrine construction
- Preparation of construction cost estimates for transmission and distribution, and
house connection derived from unit prices and quantities.
- Preparation of tender documments for supply and delivery of water meters, pipes,
fitting and tools for household connections.
- Preparation of tender documents for supply material for latrine construction.
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In Cambodia, the installment of piped for water supply do not require the initial environmental
examination (IEE). The Implement agency shall inform the concerned agency about their
activities. However, in order to reduce the impact, Kampot Water Supply also observed the IEE
and findings of IEE as below.
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Annex 1
KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA
NATION RELIGION KING
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MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY MINE AND ENERGY
PROVINCIAL INDRUSTRY MINE AND ENERGY OF KAMPOT
KAMPOT WATER SYPPLY
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I. General Condition
1. Family condition
Address:……………..village……………..commune……………district……………province
Head of the family's name :…………………… Gender: male female Age:………...
Number of people in the family: ……………….
2. Distant from the house to main pipe :……………… meters
3. Which grade of poverty of your family has been classified?