Code No: RR210202 Set No.

1
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, November 2007
PULSE AND DIGITAL CIRCUITS
( Common to Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Electronics &
Communication Engineering, Electronics & Telematics and Electronics &
Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. Draw the RC High pass circuit, sketch the response of this circuit for exponential
input and ramp input. Derive the output equations for the same. [16]
2. (a) For the circuit shown in figure , sketch transfer characteristics, assume ideal
diodes. (figure2a) [10]

Figure 2a
(b) Draw the basic circuit diagram of a DC restorer circuit and explain its oper-
ation. [6]

3. (a) Describe the switching times of BJT by considering the charge distribution
across the base region. Explain this for cut off, active and saturation regions.
[8]
(b) Define the following terms:
i. storage time
ii. delay time
iii. rise time
iv. fall time. [8]
4. What is a monostable multivibrator? with the help of a neat circuit diagram explain
the principle of operation of a monostable multi and derive an expression for pulse
width. [16]
5. (a) What are the essential requirements of TV horizontal sweep circuit? How do
you achieve them using a current sweep? [8]
(b) In the current sweep circuit used for TV, the transistor used must operate as
a bidirectional switch. Explain. [8]

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Code No: RR210202 Set No. 1
6. (a) Illustrate the terms ‘synchronization’ and ‘frequency division’ of a sweep gen-
erator. [8]
(b) A free-running relaxation oscillator has sweep amplitude of 100 V and a period
of 1 msec synchronizing pulses are applied to the device such that breakdown
voltage is lowered by 50 V at each pulse. The synchronizing pulse frequency
is 4 kHz. What is the amplitude and frequency of synchronized oscillator
waveform? [8]

7. (a) Give the disadvantages of a two-diode gate. [6]

(b) How a four-diode gate is superior to two-diode gate. [10]

8. (a) Compare the diode controlled and RC controlled astable operated blocking
oscillator. [6]
(b) What are the advantages of RC controlled oscillator? [4]
(c) List the applications of blocking oscillators. [6]

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Code No: RR210202 Set No. 2
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, November 2007
PULSE AND DIGITAL CIRCUITS
( Common to Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Electronics &
Communication Engineering, Electronics & Telematics and Electronics &
Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

V ′ V
1. (a) Verify V1 = 1+ e− T /2RC
V1 = 1+eT / 2RC
(figure1a)

Figure 1a
For a symmetrical square wave applied to a high pass RC circuit. [10]
(b) Draw the RC high pass circuit and explain its working with step voltage input.
[6]

2. (a) For the circuit shown in figure 2a Rs = Rf = 100 ohms, R = 10 K,

C= 1.0 micro farad. At t=0 symmetrical square wave is applied
with an amplitude of 10V and a frequency of 5KHz, sketch the output
wave form for the first two cycles. [8]

Figure 2a
(b) In the circuit shown in figure 2b Rf = 100 ohms, Rr = 10K, Vr =0.
Sketch the steady state output voltage indicating all voltages and time
constants, for the given input periodic waveform. [8]

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Code No: RR210202 Set No. 2

Figure 2b
3. (a) Describe the switching times of BJT by considering the charge distribution
across the base region. Explain this for cut off, active and saturation regions.
[8]
(b) Define the following terms:
i. storage time
ii. delay time
iii. rise time
iv. fall time. [8]
4. What is a monostable multivibrator? with the help of a neat circuit diagram explain
the principle of operation of a monostable multi and derive an expression for pulse
width. [16]
5. (a) Draw the circuit of a two-stage transistor bootstrap circuit to get an exactly
linear sweep. [8]
(b) Draw a practical form of a bootstrap sweep circuit using a transistor. Write
the expressions for sweep speed and linearity of such circuit. [8]
6. (a) Illustrate the terms ‘synchronization’ and ‘frequency division’ of a sweep gen-
erator. [8]
(b) A free-running relaxation oscillator has sweep amplitude of 100 V and a period
of 1 msec synchronizing pulses are applied to the device such that breakdown
voltage is lowered by 50 V at each pulse. The synchronizing pulse frequency
is 4 kHz. What is the amplitude and frequency of synchronized oscillator
waveform? [8]
7. (a) Explain in detail about uni-directional diode gates. [10]
(b) Explain in a uni-directional diode gate how the effect of control voltage can
be illustrated. [6]
8. Explain the operation of free running blocking oscillator (diode controlled) with
neat sketch of current and voltage waveforms. Derive the expression for period and
duty cycle of oscillations. [16]

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Code No: RR210202 Set No. 2
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Code No: RR210202 Set No. 3
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, November 2007
PULSE AND DIGITAL CIRCUITS
( Common to Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Electronics &
Communication Engineering, Electronics & Telematics and Electronics &
Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

V ′ V
1. (a) Verify V1 = 1+ e− T /2RC
V1 = 1+eT / 2RC
(figure1a)

Figure 1a
For a symmetrical square wave applied to a high pass RC circuit. [10]
(b) Draw the RC high pass circuit and explain its working with step voltage input.
[6]
2. (a) Draw the circuit diagram of an emitter-coupled clipping circuit and draw
its transfer characteristic indicating all intercepts, slopes and voltage levels .
[8]
(b) The input voltage Vi to the clipper shown in figure 2b below is a 10 micro sec.
pulse whose voltage varies between 0 and 10V. [8]

Figure 2b
If Rf = 100Ω, Vr = 0.5 V and Rr =∝, sketch the output wave form
V0 and indicate the time constants of the exponential portions.
3. (a) Describe the switching times of BJT by considering the charge distribution
across the base region. Explain this for cut off, active and saturation regions.
[8]
(b) Define the following terms:
i. storage time

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Code No: RR210202 Set No. 3
ii. delay time
iii. rise time
iv. fall time. [8]

4. Explain how to draw the various waveforms and calculate their volatage levels in
an emitter-coupled monostable multi. [16]

5. (a) Draw a bootstrap circuit using a Darlington circuit. What are its merits and
limitations? [8]
(b) Discuss about the recovery time of a sweep circuit. How do you achieve short
recovery time? [8]

6. (a) Explain the principle of “synchronization” and ‘synchronization with frequency

division’. [8]
(b) Explain the method of pulse synchronization of relaxation devices, with ex-
amples. [8]

7. (a) Distinguish between logic gate and sampling gate. [4]

(b) Why is a sampling referred as a linear gate? [4]
(c) Illustrate the principle of operation of a linear gate using series switch and
shunts witch. What are the disadvantages? [8]

8. Explain the operation of free running blocking oscillator (diode controlled) with
neat sketch of current and voltage waveforms. Derive the expression for period and
duty cycle of oscillations. [16]

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Code No: RR210202 Set No. 4
II B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, November 2007
PULSE AND DIGITAL CIRCUITS
( Common to Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Electronics &
Communication Engineering, Electronics & Telematics and Electronics &
Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆⋆⋆⋆⋆

1. (a) Prove that for any periodic input waveform the average level of the steady
state output signal from the RC high pass circuit is always Zero. [8]
(b) Prove the above statement for (different periodic input waveforms) Square
wave input. [8]

2. (a) Draw the basic circuit diagram of negative peak clamper circuit and explain
its operation. [6]
(b) For the circuit shown in figure 2b, an input voltage Vi linearly varies
from 0 to 150 V is applied. Sketch the output voltage V0 to the same time
scale. [10]
Assume ideal diodes.

Figure 2b
3. (a) Describe the switching times of BJT by considering the charge distribution
across the base region. Explain this for cut off, active and saturation regions.
[8]
(b) Define the following terms:
i. storage time
ii. delay time
iii. rise time
iv. fall time. [8]

4. Explain how to draw the various waveforms and calculate their volatage levels in
an emitter-coupled monostable multi. [16]

5. (a) Bring out the necessity and importance of Time base circuits. [6]
(b) In the UJT sweep circuit, VBB = 20V, Vyy = 50V, R=5k, C=0.01 micro F.
UJT has η= 0.5. Calculate

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Code No: RR210202 Set No. 4
i. amplitude of sweep signal
ii. Slope and displacement errors and
iii. estimated recovery time. [10]

6. (a) Explain about synchronization of a sweep circuits with symmetrical signals.

[8]
(b) A UJT sweep operates with a valley voltage of Vv =2V and a peak voltage
Vp =12V. A sinusoidal synchronizing voltage of 2V peak is applied between
bases. The stand-off ratio is η=0.5. If the natural frequency of sweep is 1kHz,
over what range of synchronizing signal frequency will the sweep remain in 1:1
synchronization with the synchronizing signal? [8]

7. (a) Explain the operation of multiple input unidirectional sampling gate using
diodes. [6]
(b) Illustrate with circuit diagram, the operation of the above with a number of
control voltage inputs . [6]
(c) Give an alternate circuit whose output is not sensitive to upper level of control
voltage. [4]

8. What is meant by blocking oscillator? Explain the principle of operation of monostable

blocking oscillator with base timing. Sketch the current waveforms and derive an
expression for current pulse width. [16]

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