ADDITION  contemplate look at; 6xr

£  ; d
” ņ
q“¦  ; Ex. She
stood contemplating her figure on the mirror.
 proffer offer

g
 concourse place where crowds come together; F ©
œ;
 purlieu outskirt coming together
 documentary N. ADJ. ™
Œ
 couturier (z ª
) €
œF

 spleen N.  appoint (rß
ç
–1 x`
p •5

¦) fix; decide (€
 q
Å); N. appoint-
 usher sb who shows people to their seats; V: bring by ç
ment: appointing; (r ß
–\@/ô Ç) €
 •5
 Å 0
q; position; t A; Ex.
showing the way a good appointment in a business

 stagger (of a blow, shock) cause to move unsteadily; (of  low-key low-keyed; %]
3 )
j
a; restrained in style; ›
¸6 Ç;
xô

news) shock deeply Ex. low-key speech

 epic (of stories, events) full of brave action and excite-  sweeping lacking details; too general; extensive; in-
ment cluding many parts; Ex. sweeping statement/plans
 wilderness area of land with little natural life, esp.  desist from not do any more
desert; desolate expanse; Ex. a wilderness of waters  delectable very pleasant; N. delectation
 lout rough rude man; CF. loot  deprecatory apologetic; trying to prevent disapproval;
 detour way round something expressing disapproval; deprecating
 intent (of looks) eager; showing eager attention; intent us
 lean 3
l  ˜
¶; producing little; barren; Ex.
û lean
on doing sth: having a determined intention year/land
 station put (sb, oneself, a military force) at a certain  depilate _
`
O ¦(
 i
v ; CF. depilatory: (substance) that gets
place; Ex. station oneself among the bushes rid of unwanted hair
 stationery writing materials (paper, pen, etc.); N. sta-  desuetude 
8s ©

œæ¼s
t·
§
úH
 ©
œI

tioner  disrepair state of needing repair; 
’H
< )
a©
œI
 checkmate (in chess) position of a king at the end of a
 repair úo)
a
 ©
œI
; Ex. in good repair/in a bad state of
game (escape impossible); complete defeat
repair
 stalemate situation in which neither side in a quarrel
º
 disarm Á ©
œK]
j ; reduce the size of armed forces;
can get an advantage; deadlock; Ex. The discussions
ë
(_ H, &
 _
h \¦) ¾
 ºÕªQä ¼o
 (through friendliness);
ended in a stalemate.
ADJ. disarming; N. disarmament
 aficionado fan; devotee; Ex. a cinema aficionado
 dishabille state of negligently dressed
 access fit or sudden attack (as of anger or a disease)
 dissipated (of a person) given to foolish and harmful
 rude startling; Ex. get a rude shock/awakening pleasures
 acquisitive eager to get and keep as one’s own  dissipate scatter; waste time or money foolishly; squan-
 arrogate attribute unjustly; arrogate sth to oneself: take der
without right  emblazon decorate (a shield or flag) with heraldic de-
–ƒ
ß
 asserverate assert solemnly; é
 
 vices
 water down add water to; weaken  blazon coat of arms; set of patterns or pictures used by
a noble family, university, etc. as their special sign
 assorted of various sorts; # ŒQ7 xÀ
á Ó_; matched; Ex. as-
sorted collection; Ex. ill-assorted couple  empyrean the highest heaven; ADJ: heavenly; celestial
 assort classify into different sorts; assort with: match;  radical advanced in opinion; of the root; fundamental;
agree N: /
L”
å Å
 Ò_
 avouch vouch; guarantee  cite quote; (bravery 1 x\
p  @/K "f) commend; summon
(before a court of law); give a summons to
 adduce give (an example, proof, explanation)
 adieu good bye  citation (bravery 1 ›
x) person’s quality\
p '
aôÇë
 H"
 f; quo-
tation; summoning
xl
 abscess 7
á; swelling on the body where pus has gath-
ered t
 litter [
þ ; stretcher; odds and ends; â
‫כ‬ ìà
ÔQ  ú̧
”
 š1x
l m
;
V: cover untidily with scattered litter
 accountable responsible (expected to give an explana-
tion)  deem consider; judge; Ex. We would deem it an honor.

 administer manage; put into operation; carry out; cause  mortal which must die; causing death; fatal; lasting un-
to take (drug or official promise); Ex. administer the til death; Ex. mortal wound/combat/hatred; N: human
law/baptism/punishment being; N. mortality: state of being mortal; rate/number
of death
 traffic (movement of) people and vehicles; illicit trading
 tip l
Ö ¦s
 ; tilt; (l
Ö¦#
Œ"f) empty; !
Qo
; Ex. No rub-
bish to be tipped here
 congested too full; overcrowded; having an abnormal
accumulation of blood  vile disgusting; bad; nasty

1
 raise Ex. raise money/soldiers/a baby  pretext false reason (for an action) (to hide the real one)
 indemnity protection against loss or damage esp. in the  puberty stage at which a person becomes physically
form of a promise to pay; payment for loss or damage able to become a parent
 out of the question impossible  descend go down; descend on/upon: attack/visit (sud-
denly, in a large number); descend to (dishonorable be-
 out of question beyond question; certain
havior): lower oneself to; Ex. He descended to abusing
 ignoble dishonorable; shameful; of low birth; not noble; me personally.
Ex. ignoble action/deed
 descent going down; visit/attack; family origin
 pugnacious quarrelsome
 procurator agent, esp who has a power of attorney; @
/
 inconsequent not following naturally what has been “
o ; Z
 &
O
@
ñ /o“

said or done before; illogical
 proclaim make known publicly; show clearly; Ex. The
 inconsequential inconsequent; not important ringing bells proclaimed the birth of the prince; Ex. His
©
œS
 inimical ( !
1 xs
p ) hostile; unfavorable; harmful; Ex. accent proclaimed that he was a Scot.
conditions inimical to economic development  tally record of things done, points made in a game,
 rector clergyman; “
§½¨3
q
l  etc. V: be exactly equal; match; count, calculate (points
won); Ex. The two lists don’t tally.
 immure imprison; confine; shut oneself up
 purview range of operation, one’s concern, knowledge;
 integument outer covering (such as a shell, the skin of scope
a fruit)
 prognathous having a jaw that sticks out
 make good succeed; prosper; $
/
í Nr
B v ; accomplish;
compensate for; Ex. %
ë
3 ß
–©
œ
  )
a’ ë
 H¼
 1
Ïs; Ex. make  prospectus printed statement describing the advan-
good one’s escape; Ex. make good a loss or threat tages of a college or a new business

 interdict prohibit; forbid  respondent person who has to answer in a law court;
™
(s ¥™
D è5
x\
Å "f_) x
“¦
 interlocutor person taking part in a dialogue
 corespondent person charged with adultery
 interstice small space or crack between things placed
 recondition repair
close together
 panic sudden uncontrollable terror. CF. o
Fz
¤`
Œ ¦M
 :_

 malpractice (of doctor or lawyer) failure to carry out
|
 Ð
Ã
one’s professional duty properly or honestly
 received generally accepted as standard; Ex. received
 feat something difficult well done
pronunciation
 contract get (sth bad, an illness); Ex. contract a cold/a
¿
 capitation “
º[j; tax paid at the same amount for each
debt/a bad habit
person
"
 grievous u
&
î “
h; causing grief; Ex. a grievous wound

 fingerpoint point the finger at; accuse; blame
 remand send back in prison from a court of law (to be
 obtrude stick out; obtrude sth on sb: push forward
tried later); F
½¨5
q
Å 
; Ex. remanded into the custody
when unwanted; y ©
œ‫כ‬ ¹ ; ADJ. obtrusive: unpleas-
of
antly noticeable; Ex. obtrusive smells/music
;“
 rapprochement •
2 §
r4
¤; coming together again in
Ÿ
 oblation religious offering; offering made to a god
friendship
 offertory (the collection of) the money people give dur-
 recusant (sb) refusing to obey official rules/official reli-
ing a religious service
gious beliefs
 obverse front side of a coin; the opposite; OP. reverse
µ
 recrudescence F 1 ƒ
Ï; F ; sudden reappearance, esp. of

 boisterous (of a person) noisy and cheerful; (of something unpleasant
weather) wild and rough
 suppurate (of a wound) form or give out pus
 parole prisoner’s solemn promise that he will not try to
xl
 bail 7
á
escape; Õ
ªÊ ê_ ~
3
 letting out of sb; $ ½
Ó
 supervene happen unexpectedly, esp. in a way that
:
 paregoric ”
 x]
Ÿ :
j; ADJ. ”
 x_
Ÿ(“
¦:
x`
Ÿ ¦
 ×s
¦ 
H)

stops or interrupts an event or situation; come or hap-
 pilgrimage journey of a pilgrim pen as a change or interruption
 persiflage light good-natured talk; banter  supernal heavenly
 portentous pompous; self-important; ominous; threat-  envisage envision; form in mind
ening
 meridian 
š¸‚ ; highest point reached by the sun; z
 ™
Œ
 cautionary conveying caution or advice; Å, 
Ò_
“
â ¦\
¦Å
 Ò æ&
×
 ; highest point
h
H; Ex. cautionary tales


 amenity pleasantness; Ex. the amenity of the climate
 mature careful Ex. mature plan
 agitation anxiety; public argument or debate; Ex. a long
1
 mellow ripe; ('
Ÿ x, $
l

ís
)

s [
t#
þ Q"
¶ņ
é Ç; wise
qô
 agitation against the department store

2
 nerve courage, strength, energy; Ex. have the nerve to
do sth; V: give courage to; CF. enervate
 nervous vigorous
 lucubrate write or study laboriously; CF. work by lamp-
light
 lubricious showing too great an interest in sex (in an
unpleasant way)
 miscegenation mixture of races, production of off-
spring
 spoliation violent spoiling or destruction
 armistice cease-fire; truce
 alacrity cheerful promptness
 levy impose and collect; Ex. levy a tax/fine/ransom on
sb; Ex. levy an army/troops; OP. rescind
 indeterminate not clearly fixed
 definite clearly stated or known; Ex. definite answer
 definitely clearly
 definitive conclusive; final; without the need of change;
authoritative; reliable; Ex. definitive offer/edition of
sb’s poverty
 indefinite not clear; not fixed (as to time)
 accessible easy to reach; (of sb) easy to speak to; (of
something) easy to understand; Ex. a manager accessi-
ble to his staff; Ex. information which is more accessible

 fealty loyalty
 sampler decorative piece of cloth with various designs
 vassal person who promised to be loyal to a lord and stitched on it
are given land by the lord
 posse group of men gathered together by a sheriff to
 falsehood lie help find a criminal or keep help
 tenable (belief, argument, theory, fortress, etc.) that can  guzzle drink continuously
be successfully defended; reasonable; (of an office) that
can be held by someone for a stated period of time; OP.  carp find fault and complain unnecessarily and contin-
untenable uously
 genial good-tempered §
 dumbbell 

î
 radiant sending out light or heat in all directions; shin-  duel prearranged formal combat between two persons
ing; (of a person) showing love and happiness; Ex. radi- (usu. fought to settle a point of honor)
ant sun/face  spar box for practice
 ecumenical supporting agreement in beliefs between 

 crusade any of z ç¶&
H"
é

ñ
the different branches of the Christian religion
 shifty untrustworthy; looking dishonest
 solicitous anxious or concerned with sb other’s welfare;
eager to help someone; Ex. solicitous for your welfare;  furtive done secretly so as not to attract attention; hav-
Ex. a solicitous employer; CF. 

r
É | Ð\
à @ /K"f &
Ž

ñ ing a wish to escape notice; Ex. furtive glance

Å
K ҍ H
 s
‫כ‬ l ‘r_
: p  infatuated filled with a foolish love; foolish; CF. fatuous
 laborious needing great effort; showing great effort
 grace fine quality in movement; willingness to behave  emulate try to do as well as or better than
î
in a fair way(p ß
– 
J CÙ¡`
þ ¦M
 :a ~>
% ~ Î
à [ts
þ  H
  syncopate change the rhythm of; displace the normal
•
I ¸1 x`
p ¦_
 p); delay allowed as a favor; prayer before beats
or after meals; Ex. have the grace to admit that I was
right; Ex. give you a week’s grace; ADJ. graceful; CF.  shuck husk; pod; outer covering (as of oyster)
gracious: polite in a generous way  fume strong-smelling smoke, gas, or vapor
rÃ
 fraction ì
 º; very small amount  fumigate disinfect by means of fumes; clear of disease,
è|
 fractional so small; ™ ¾
Ó_; Ex. The difference is only bacteria, or harmful insects by means of chemical smoke
fractional. or gas

 fracture breaking (of a bone, pipe-line); V.  flippant not showing deserved respect; not serious

 fractious (of a child, old or sick person) complaining  cephalous connected with the head
about small things; bad-tempered; irritable  arrant (sb or sth bad) in the highest degree; very bad
 sententious (derog.) having an air of wisdom (about  plangent (of sounds) resounding
proper behavior or morality); ‰
³"
&
ô
î Ç^
 ‰  H; terse in

expression; pithy  sacerdotal of a priest

 populous thickly populated  sapient wise

 perch branch or rod where a bird rests; V: (of a bird)  splenetic bad-tempered; irritable
come to rest on a thin object such as a branch  stertorous making a loud snoring sound
 croak make a deep low noise such as a frog makes  vertiginous causing or suffering from vertigo
 proctor person appointed to make sure students do not  votary regular worshiper
cheat in an examination
 futile (of an action) without result; having no effect; un-
 profiteer (derog.) person who makes unfairly large successful; useless; Ex. d
¦
 ; key–
2 Ð door\ ¦ unlock
  9
¨
profits (½ l#Q 9î
rÓ
 t|
ü `
¦B
 ĺq ß
ø
–° ‫\כ‬
ú ¼Ï€
1 "
 f) H


‫כ‬

3
 abdicate give up (an official position, esp. of that of a  dome Ñ
æ
ü H…
 ;
 ©
œ, 1
u
l
king or queen); give up (right, claim, responsibility); Ex.
 lathe ‚
ì
 ø
Í (metal, wood\
¦‡
 •
ΠH)

The king abdicated (the throne). CF. Å Ò#Q  | Ðs
à 9

vt_
Ä
â º\H throne °
  “
ú r
É s
‫כ‬ 3 q&
l #
h Q  )
a.  hoist raise, lift, or pull up (a flag or sth heavy) esp. using
ropes; N: apparatus for hoisting
 expel dismiss officially from a school, club, etc. Ex. The
boy was expelled from school.  surcharge amount charged in addition to the usual
 odometer mileometer; instrument (in a car, etc.) to  few stamps ·
amount; Ex. letter\ 
­“
¡
Ä
â º surcharge
record the number of miles it travels “

r
: 

 debrief question, examine (eg. persons who have re-  shortfall Â

Ò7¤Ó
á o; Ex. shortfall of about 1 million dollars

turned from a mission) to obtain information; Ex. We  out of phase, in phase synchronous, non-
debriefed our pilot after he had flown from synchronous_ > h¥
Æ
 bulletin short notice or news report intended to be  polish polished; (of manners) refined and graceful; N.
made public without delay V. OP. gauche: awkward or clumsy in social behavior
 allergy condition of being unusually sensitive to some-  redoubtable arousing respect or fear
thing; ADJ. allergic
 etch make (a pattern) on a surface with acid; impress or
 well-intentioned _• ¸ H a
 ~“
% r; acting with kind,
É imprint clearly
friendly intentions (often unfortunate results); aimed at
good results (usu. unsuccessful)  burlesque ‘imitate mockingly’ H nonserious speech,

x_
acting, or writing; verse, play 1
p{7
9 xs
á 
x
 minnow very small fish; 5
Å o
 ?; fig: unimportant
ones  recant (’_
  former political or religious beliefs\
¦)

say that one does no longer hold; OP. affirm
 lope (of an animal) move easily and quite fast; gallop
slowly  substantiate prove the truth of; OP. disprove
 drawl speak or say slowly (with vowels greatly length-  aggrieve grieve; (usu. passive); Ex. feel aggrieved: feel
ened) that one has been treated unjustly; be hurt in one’s feel-
ing
 scandal public feeling that sth is improper or shock-
ing; sth that causes this feeling; true or false talk which  grieve cause grief to; feel grief
damages sb’s reputation; CF. scandalmonger: sb who
 grievous causing grief; severe (of a wound, pain, etc.)
spreads scandals
 fabulous celebrated in a fable; legendary; incredible;
 scandalous shocking; offensive to the feeling
wonderful
 trade skilled job in which you use your hands
 trailor %


òo\ ¦¼
V“
#
 lawyer °
 profession doctor
 s
ú special training/good
education`¦€
 ‫כ‬
9 ¹–Ð
 vocation teachings



H job

 nursing °
 s
ú  special trainings

ADDITION
‫כ‬
9
€ ¹ “ q&
¦ ‘to help others’ 3
l“
h  job
  adipose containing animal fat; fatty

 career job that you hope to do all your life with more  affray fray; fight or noisy quarrel in a public place
and more success  avatar embodiment
 triumph complete victory or success; V: gain victory or 
 casuistry (derog.) C ; false but clever use of argu-

success; Ex. triumph over ments and reasoning; N. casuist
 delimit fix the limits of; Ex. delimit the powers of vari-  climacteric Ì
t¸
q l
 ; point in life when important
ous officials changes take place in the human body
 espy see suddenly (usu. unexpectedly)
 collier coal miner; person employed to cut coal in a
 leer unpleasant smile suggesting cruelty, thoughts of mine; ship for carrying coal
sex, etc.
 corsair pirate or pirate ships
 roe “
¦l·
˜
ú
 crepuscular of the time when day is changing into night
 sideshow separate small show at a fair or circus; less or night into day; not bright
interesting/serious activity
 debenture G ; official paper that is sold by a company
 perplex make confused; Ex. perplexing problem and represents a debt on which the company must pay
½
Ó
H~
 portfolio ’
< the buyer a fixed rate of interest
 labored showing signs of effort and difficulty  debit a record in a book of accounts of money; charge
against a bank account
 tuber fleshly swollen underground stem (such as the
potato)  dipsomania uncontrollable desire for alcoholic drinks
¤Ã
 cob corncob; 6
ټ̼5
q
Å  escutcheon ceremonial shield with coat of arms; ë
Hs
 
­“
¡
· r~
É ½
ÓJ
 gimmick object which is used only to attract people’s
attention; Ex. Õ
˜³
þ _
ðt pretty girl  flotilla group of small ships, esp. warships

4
 fusty (of a room, box, clothes, etc.) having an unpleas-  trumpery (of an object) decorative or attractive but of
ant smell as a result of having been shut up for a long very little use
time
 zoom (of aircraft) move upwards at high speed; cause
 hauteur haughtiness; CF. haughty the object being photographed to appear nearer or fur-
ther; Ex. zoom in/out; N.
 jejune (of writings) dry; uninteresting; unsatisfying to
the mind  reticulated covered with a netlike pattern of lines; N.
reticulation: netlike pattern
 junta government (esp. a military one) that has come to
power by force rather than through elections  scarify make small cuts on (skin); break up and loosen
the surface of (a road or field) with a pointed tool
 lesion wound; Ex. brain lesion
 coruscate sparkle; flash
 lieu place; in lieu (of): instead (of)
 flagellate whip (as a religious punishment or for sexual
 logistics #

‚
î І
à Æ; study or skill of moving soldiers, sup-
<
pleasure)
pling them with food, etc.
 laminate make (a strong material) by joining many thin
 mélange mixture
sheets; split into layers
 minaret tall thin tower on a mosque
§
 nave (“ r{©
œ_) 
r× æ$
 ; long central part of a church of-
3
ten between two aisles
 nosegay small bunch of flowers (usu. to be carried or
worn on a dress)
 corsage small bunch of flowers worn by a woman at the
neck or waist
 orison prayer
 orotund full and strong in sound; CF. rotund
 parricide killing one’s parent or close relative; person
guilty of this crime
 pediment three-sided piece of stone placed above the
entrance to a building
 picaresque telling the story of the adventures of a char-
acter of whom one disapproves (but who is not really
wicked); €
•ô
Œ Ç`
 ¦™
 èF–Ðô Ç; Ex. a picaresque novel

 poltroon coward
 pommel rounded part at the front of a horse’s paddle;
ball-shaped end of a sword handle
 proboscis long lose or long tubelike part of the mouth
 purloin steal (esp. sth of small value)
 rubicund (of a person or face) red and healthy-looking;
Ex. a rubicund farmer
 sarcophagus $
›
3 '
a; decorated stone box for a dead body

 serried pressed closely together; crowded

 sobriquet nickname
 spume foam; light white air-filled mass on the top of a
liquid
 thrall slave; serf; slavery
 threnody funeral song for the dead
 tocsin 

7
â x; (bell rung as) a warning signal
á
 tortilla type of thin round flat bread
 trencherman person who eats a lot
 troglodyte person who lives in a cave, esp. in prehis-
toric times; a
=
ž“

 trope figurative use of a word; CF. figure of speech: ex-
pression (eg. simile or metaphor)