A Presentation On

FABRIC AND
GARMENT FINISHING

Authors:
Akshay Singh
Divya Kaushal
Topics Covered
 Object of Finishing
 Considerations for Finishing
 Classification of Finishing/Finishes
Finishing
 Finishing is a series of processing
operations applied to a textile material to
improve its appearance, handle and
functional properties.
Objective of
Finishing
Objectives of Finishing
 To enhance the suitability of the fabric
for end use.
 To improve appearance and sale appeal
for comfort and utility.
Objectives of Finishing
 To give desirable qualities to the fabric
like –
• Softness
• Luster
• Drape
• Dimensional Stability
• Crease Recovery
• Soil Repellence
Objectives of Finishing
 More specifically, objects of finishing can
be –
 To improve the appearance of the fabric.
 To improve the feel of the fabric.
 To cover faults in the original fabric.
 To improve wearing qualities of fabric by
making it shrink or crease resistant.
Objectives of Finishing
 To set garment shape. E.g. Durable
Press
 To impart special properties to the fabric
for specific end uses such as
waterproofing, flame-proofing etc.
 To strengthen the fabric by coating or
laminating.
 To produce novelty effects e.g. Organdie
fabrics by parchmentising.
Considerations for
Finishing
…Before Finishing
 Finishes may be applied with regard to
the –
o Type of Fiber and Yarn
o Thread Count
o Method of Fabric Construction
o Federal Trade Commission Rulings
o Hand, Weight and Drapability qualities
desired
o Anticipated end use
…Before Finishing
 Further understanding is required
according to the following factors –
o Climate Conditions
o Work activities
o Sports activities
o Care Factors
o Life of Garment
o Construction Procedure
Classification
Classifications of Finishes
 Finishes can be classified according to
the following –
 Intended Result
 Method of Employment
 Degree of Permanence
Intended Result

Aesthetical
Functional
Aesthetical Finish
 The finishes which improve appearance
and/or handle of the fabric.
 Example – Calendaring, Fulling,
Softening etc.
Functional Finish
 The finishes which impart or enhance
qualities related to active usage.
 Example – Anti-Static, Soil Release,
Flame Resistance
Mechanical Chemical
Finish Finish
Method of Employment
Chemical Finish
 Process where chemicals are employed
to carry out the finishing process.
 Also known as Wet Finishing.
 Example – Anti-Microbial Finishes,
Flame Retarding Finishes etc.
Mechanical Finish
 Process where finishes are applied
using mechanical contact without using
any chemicals as the main ingredient.
 Example – Calendaring, Raising, Milling
etc.
Degree of Permanence

Permanent
Semi -
Permanent

Temporary

Finishes according to
durability
Permanent Finish
 Quite literally, it means that these
finishes do not wither.
 Permanent finishes can be referred to
as those finishes which sustain their
characteristics for extended periods of
time for a larger part of the life of fabric
or garment.
 Example - Waterproofing
Semi-Permanent Finish
 These finishes are rendered ineffectual
after about 10 washes.
 Example – Stiffening of Buckram.
Temporary Finish
 These finishes are very unstable and
can start to lose their effect very soon
after first use.
 Example – Embossing.
Classification of Finishes
 Aside from the previously mentioned,
finishes can also be categorized as:
1. Regular Finish & Special Finish
2. Internal Finish & External Finish
Classification of Finishes
 Regular finishes are frequently applied
to most fabrics like calendaring.
 Special finishes change, alter or modify
the behavior of the fabric.
 Internal finishes are applied by the
absorption within the fiber.
 External finishes are additives to coat
the surface of the yarn or fabric.
References
 Understanding Textiles By P.G. Tortora
 Textile Fibers, Dyes, Finishes and
Processes By Howard L. Needles
THANK YOU