Dasar Sistem Telekomunikasi

TE-09-1313
2 sks
Tim Bidang Studi
Telekomunikasi Multimedia
(Achmad Ansori, Devy Kuswidiastuti, Gatot Kusrahardjo, M Aries Purnomo)

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 1
 Tujuan
Mahasiswa mampu menjelaskan dasar-dasar
sistem telekomunikasi mulai sejarah dan
evolusi sampai system telekomunikasi modern

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 2
 MATERI :
Telekomunikasi
Transmisi
Sinyal
Emisi & Radiasi
Model Sistem Telekomunikasi
Methode Operasi
Bentuk Operasional
Bentuk Layanan
Konsep Transmisi
Satuan, Decibel
Gain & Loss
Noise dalam Sistem Telekomunikasi
Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)
TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 3
 Pemancar Radio
Gelombang Elektromagnetik
Perkembangan Proses Telekomunikasi
Perkembangan proses di Terminal
Perkembangan Teknologi Transmisi
Jaringan Telekomunikasi
Sistem Komunikasi Satelit
Sistem Komunikasi Optik
Sistem Komunikasi Data
Sistem Komunikasi Bergerak/seluler

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 4
Pustaka :
Roger L Freeman, Telecommunication System Engineering,
New York, John Wiley & Sons, 1989
Roger L Freeman, Reference Manual for Telecommunications
Engineering, New York, John Wiley & Sons, 1994
Roger L Freeman, Telecommunication Transmission Handbook,
New York, John Wiley & Sons, 1991
ITU-T Recommendation G.100.1, The use of the decibel and of
relative levels in speechband telecommunications, 2001
ITU-T Recommendation G.701, Vocabulary of digital
transmission
and multiplexing, and pulse code modulation (PCM) terms, 1993
ITU-R Recommendation V.662-3, Term and definitions, 2000
ITU-R Recommendatin V.573-4, Radiocommunication
vocabulary, 2000
TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 5
 Modul – 1
Pendahuluan

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 6
Dasar Sistem Telekomunikasi

Dasar
Sistem
Telekomunikasi

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 7
 SISTEM

• Sekumpulan atau serangkaian

komponen / bagian / elemen yang
dikelompokkan dalam satu kesatuan
yang bekerja sama untuk mencapai
tujuan tertentu
• Komponen / bagian / elemen  Sub
Sistem

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 8
 KOMUNIKASI

• COMMUNICATIO = PENGUMUMAN
• Penyampaian pesan (pikiran, kehendak
dan perasaan) kepada orang lain

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 9
KOMUNIKASI

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 10
Communication :
Information transfer according to agreed conventions.

Information :
Intelligence or knowledge capable of being represented in forms
suitable for communication, storage or processing.

NOTE – Information may be represented for example by signs, symbols,

pictures or sounds.

Signal :
A physical phenomenon one or more of whose characteristics
may vary to represent information.

NOTE – The physical phenomenon may be for instance an

electromagnetic wave or acoustic wave and the characteristic may be
an electric field, a voltage or a sound pressure.

Sumber : ITU-R Recommendation V.662-3, Term and definitions, 2000

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 11
TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 12
 Morse Code Signal
ITU R Rec M-1677-2004

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 13
TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 14
TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 15
TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 16
 TELEKOMUNIKASI

• Tele = jauh
• Communication at a distance

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 17
Telecommunication :

Communication by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic

systems.

NOTE – The following definition is given in the Constitution of the International

Telecommunication Union (Geneva, 1992) (CS 1012) (and RR No. S1.3):

Any transmission, emission or reception of signs, signals,

writings, images and sounds or intelligence of any nature by
wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems.

Transmission :
The transfer of information from one point to one or more other
points by means of signals

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 18
Telekomunikasi :

Setiap pemancaran, pengiriman, dan atau penerimaan dari

setiap informasi dalam bentuk tanda-tanda, isyarat, tulisan,
gambar, suara dan bunyi melalui kawat, optik, radio, atau sistem
elektromagnetik lainnya.

( UU No. 36 Th 1999 tentang TELEKOMUNIKASI )

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 19
 TELEKOMUNIKASI

• Alat Telekomunikasi
Setiap alat perlengkapan yang digunakan
dalam bertelekomunikasi

• Perangkat Telekomunikasi
Sekelompok alat telekomunikasi yang
memungkinkan bertelekomunikasi

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 20
TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 21
TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 22
TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 23
 Gelombang Suara

Media Transmisi / Kanal

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 24
Tanda-tanda
Isyarat
Tulisan
Gambar

Suara /
bunyi

Suara /
Bunyi

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 25
Model Sistem Komunikasi Listrik
( elemen dasar )

Media
Pemancar Penerima
Transmisi

Wire / Kawat / Kabel

Wireless / Radio
Fiber Optik

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 26
 MODEL SISTEM KOMUNIKASI

pengirim Media penerima

Pengirim/ Pengirim/
Penerima
Media Penerima
penerima Media pengirim

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 27
TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 28
Elements of a Communication System
TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 29
 Tranducer

Informasi Informasi
bukan listrik listrik
Transducer /
Konversi
Informasi Informasi
listrik Mikrophone bukan listrik
Loudspeaker
Kamera Video
Monitor Video

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 30
 Model Sistem Komunikasi Listrik

Pemancar Media Penerima

- Wire / kawat / kabel

- Wireless / radio / optik
Transducer Transducer

Informasi Informasi

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 31
 BENTUK OPERASIONAL (1)

• TELEGRAHY
Bentuk telekomunikasi untuk transmisi dalam
bentuk tulisan dengan menggunakan kode
sinyal

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 32
 BENTUK OPERASIONAL (2)

• TELEPHONY
Bentuk telekomunikasi untuk transmisi dalam
bentuk pembicaraan

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 33
 BENTUK OPERASIONAL (3)

• TELEVISI
Bentuk telekomunikasi untuk transmisi gambar
diam atau gambar bergerak

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 34
Telecommunication network, telecommunication system

All the means of providing telecommunication services between

a number of locations where equipment provides access to
these services.

(telecommunication) terminal :
An equipment connected to a telecommunication network to
provide access to one or more specific services.
NOTE – The term may be qualified to indicate the type of service
or user, e.g. “data terminal”, “subscriber’s terminal”.

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 35
 Telecommunication Network
TMN Operations Operations Operations
system system system

Data communications network

Workstation

Exchange Transmission Exchange Transmission Exchange

system system

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 36
 User (CTE)
Access
Exchange
Transmission
TMN

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 37
TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 38
Daftar produk telekomunikasi Indonesia

Telepon Analog (PSTN)

Telkom
Indosat : IndosatPhone

Mobile :
GSM :
Telkomsel : Pascabayar; KartuHALO, Prabayar; SimPATI,
Kartu AS
Indosat : Pascabayar; Matrix, Prabayar; IM3, Mentari
Natrindo : Prabayar dan Pascabayar; AXIS
Exclecomindo (XL) : Prabayar dan Pascabayar; XL
Hutchinson (3) (Tri) : Prabayar dan Pascabayar; 3 (Tri)

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 39
CDMA :
Mobile-8
Fren (prabayar dan pascabayar) - no. awalan 0885, 0886,
0887, dan 0888
Mobi (pascabayar) - no. awalan 0889
Sampoerna Telekom : Ceria (prabayar dan pascabayar)
- no. awalan 0828
Smart Telecom : Smart - nomor awalan 0881, 0882, 0883,
0884
Indosat : Prabayar dan Pascabayar; Star One
Bakrie Telecom : Prabayar dan Pascabayar; Esia, Wifone
Telkom : Prabayar dan Pascabayar; Telkom Flexi

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 40
Daftar Kode SLI di Indonesia
 
Telkom
IDD; 007
VoIP; 01017
Indosat
IDD; 001, 008
VoIP; 01016
Bakrie Telecom
IDD; 009
Axis
VoIP; 01012
XL
VoIP; 01000

TE-09-1313-01-Introduction 41