a)

when the speed of river is low, (give data) more transportation and deposition process
will take place.
when the speed of river is high (from 100m/s and more), more erosion process will take
place.

Note: data has to be given

b)
differences between traction and solution:
traction involves large particles and these particles roll and slide along the river bed while
Solution involves dissolved minerals which are carried in water.

Note: linking words important!

c)
Hydraulic action – fast flowing water will break down the rocks from bed and bank
Corrosion/abrasion – rock fragments will grind the river bed and banks
Attrition – rock fragments will collide into each other
Solution – river water react chemically with soluble minerals by dissolving them in water

d)

Elaboration of the following points:

Factors affecting volume of river:

- presence of vegetation
- permeability of rocks
- climate
- size of drainage basin

Factors affecting speed of water

- gradient of channel
- roughness of channel
- wetted perimeter

Discussion
- even when volume of water is much, when gradient of river channel is gentle, energy of
river need not necessary be high.