/I GI

T HE UNITED STAT ES

STRATEGIC BOMBING SURVEY

&
L "'~ ~j',. ~
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UABJN£ C.BPS S 1.0"",8

AIR FORCES
ALLIED WITH THE UNITED STATES
,

IN THE

WAR AGAINST JAPAN

Military Analysis Divi,sion

February 1947

..
 FOREWORD
The United SUlles Strlltegic Bombing Sur\'eY civili!!nll. 350 oflice r8. lind 500 enli~ted mell. T he
was established by the Secretary of War on 3 militArY segment of the organization was
November 1944, I)UrSullnt to II directive from drllwn from the Army to the extent of 60 per_
the lale P,'esident Roosevelt, Its miuion ""liS to cent, nnd from the Navy to the extent of 40
conduct an impartial and ex pert study of the percellt. Both the Army and the Navy gave the
effect.!l of our lIerilll attack on Germany. to be Survey all I)Osgible IIs~istance in furnishing
IIlIcd in connection with air IIttliCks on Japau men, SU I'pl ies, trnnsport. and information. The
and to elltablish a bllsill for evalnating the illl- Survey operated from headquarte rs establilthed
portanee and potentialities of air power as an in Tokyo enrly in September 1945, with sub-
inst rum ent of mililllry strategy for planning headquarters in Nagoya, Osaka, Hil"Oll.hima, and
the futUl·e development of the Uni ted Stales NagllSllki, lind with mobile team s ollCrating in
armed forces aud for determining future eco- othe,' pari.!! of Japan, the island!! of the Pacific,
nomic policies with respect to the nationlll de- and the Asiatic mainland.
Thi~ report 'II'U "-rillen primllrily for the u<w of the United States
fense. A summary report and !!Orne 200 sup- It 11'11:1 possible to reconst ruct much of war-
Stratel'i( Bambin, SUTI·e)' in the preplITlltion of further I"cport.~ of H mor~ llOrting repol'ls containing the findings of th e time JHIJaneSe lIIilitary planning and execution,
tomprehens;\"e ~ture. An)' conclusion:! or opi nions exp'·e..q~ in thi.'! Survey in Cennllny ha" e been published, engllgemen t by engagement. and campaign by
On 15 Augullt 1945, Pl"ClIident Truman re- camllllign. and to secure reallOnably accurate
report mun be ronftidered all limited to the ~pec::ilic material covered and quested that the Survey conduct a si milar study ~tatisties on Jupan's economy and war produc-
U wbjtct to further intt'rpreUition in the light of lurther studies con- of the effects of 1111 types of lIir attllck in the wllr tion. 1)ll1nt by plllnt. and industry by industry,
ducted by the Surwy. against JalJan, lIubmitting '"{'llO rb in dupJiCflte In IIddition. studies we re conducted on Japan' s
to the Secreta ry of War aud to the Secretary of ove r_all st rategi c plan>t and the background of
the NHvy. The o!llcers of the Survey during ill'! her entry into the WHr, the internal discussion>t
,JII]la nese phase were: lind negotiation~ lellding to her acceptance of
Franklin l)'Olier, Cll(lirmall. unconditional surrender, the course of health
and morale among the ci"ilian population, the
Paul H. Nitze, Henry C, Alexllnder, ViC#'
effectil'eness of the Jllpanel!e civilian defense
Chltirmtll .• o rglfnilllltion. lind the e,recti! of the IItomic
Harry L, Bowman, bombs. Separllte reporti! will be iuued covering
J. Kenneth Galbraith, each phase of the study.
I{enllis Likert, The SUl'vey interrogllted more than 700 Ja p-
allelIC military, governmenl, and industrial ofli-
Frank A. McNamee. Jr.,
cia la, It alllO recovered lind translated mllny
Fred Searls, Jr" documents which not ouly have been useful 10
Monroe E. Spaght, the Survey. but also will fu"nish data vllluabh:
I)r. Lewis R. Thompson, for oth er IIludie~. Arrangementil have beeu
Theodore P. Wright, Direclf)~~, made to t!lrn ol'er the Sun·ey'/! files to the
Walter Wild!:!, Ser,'ctary, Cen tral Intelligence GI·OUp, through which they
wili hI! IlVllil/lbll! fol' further eXllminlltion lind
The Survey', complement prol·ided for 300 di~lribution,

n
• '"

II OrIaAnoNI
TABLE Of coNTENTS
.......... . ........ . ..... . ........
a. TIP RoYAL AUna.uJAN AIR FORCB ...••.
Ill. OraATIONI OF THI RoUL NEW Z&\I..AND Am FORCE .•.. . ..
IV. ()pa.a.TlONI or THI ROYAL NBTHBlU.A.ND8 EAsT INDIES AIR
Foaca ................. . . . ... .. . .. .... .... ....... .
" RESTIH CTED
I. Inuod ucrion
The Anny Air Corps and the Naval Air Arm
of the United States received active a8!listance
from the air forces ot !leven nations in defeat-
ing Japan. One of the!le, the Chinese Air
-I
I
Force, had been in combat with the Japanese
since the hMarco Polo Bridge Incident" of 7
July 1937 and its "American Volunteer Group"
formed the nucleus of the American air forCe!!
in China; the British Royal Air Force, thc
Royal Australian Air Force, the Royal New
Zealand Air Force3, the Royal Netherlands East
8 lndie~ Air Forees and the Phi1!ppine Common-
wealth Ail' Force all joined the war within 24
hours after the bombing of Pearl Harbor; and
II
the M(.'xiean Air Force engaged in combat fly-
ing against thc Jall!lnese in the Philipl)ines
from 4 June 1946 through the Japan e!!C sur-
render on 14 August 1946.
All of these air forces, with the exception
of the BI'itish Royal Ail' Force, dep'ended al-
most entirely on the aircraft industry of the
United States for combat type planes. The
Austra lian government, however, was able to
manufacture trainers and light attack aircraft
("\\'ir raways") in increasing numbers as the
war I)rogres.;ed. together "'ith spare parts for
Ameriean tYllCS. Great Britain also supplied
>!Orne Illanes to the Itoyal Australian and Royal
New Zealand Air Forces. Both of these air
forces at the start of the war with Japan wen'
little more than training orl1anizations for pro-
viding piloU! and airerews for the war with
Germany. They successfully undertook expan.
sion programs of considerllble SCOIJe and gave
important nssistance to the Allied forces in
the Pacific.
I~xcepl fo r a few obsolete airerllft in rear
"rea~ and the plane~ of the "AmeriClm "ohm-
teer GroUI)," the Chin(.'sc Ail' ~~orcc existl'{]
only on PIII)(,I' at the time of Pearl l1arl)O I·.
La ter, considerable numbers of Chinesc pllotll
wcre trnined lit /lying schools in the Unite<l
States. Pilotll also we l'e trllined in the Uni te<l
Stales for the Netherlands East Indies Air
Forces. These forces had been wiped out en-
tirely in the early montha of the war. b~t
before the Jallllnese lIurrender, they llgain were
taking active roleJl in the fighting. Pilots of
the Philippine Commonwealth Air Foree took
part in the defen!le of the Philippine" and
!!Orne who escaped l!ef\'ed throughout the war
\\'ith American unit!l.
In thc following sections. operation~ of the
ROYIII Australian Air Force, the Royal New
Zealand Air Foree and the Roynl Netherlands
East Indies Air Forces are discus~ed. The
records of the Chinese Air Foree lind the Chi-
nese-American Composite Wing an> included
in the USSBS publication, "Air Operations in
Chinn." lind the British Royal Air Force record
is included in the study. "The War in South-
cast Asin."
Table 1 indicatell till! relatil'e extenl of the
operations of eHeh nil' force in the Pacific Will';
ellch contributed to the fune~t extent of its
re:"OurCe~ and capllbilities.
II. Operati ons of the Ropl AU5tralian
Ai r Force
I. Rur/(groulld. [n 1939 the Royal Austra-
lian Air Force consisted of 12 :<Quadrons com-
mande<1 by an expe rienced officer of the British
Royal Air Foree. Air Marshal Sir Chllrleli
Burnett, who had been 1011 ned lit the reque.~t
of the Australian gOI'ernment to modernize and
IITOmOtl'! greater emcienc)' in the force. Thc
lotal personnel consisted of 310 officers and
3,179 "other rank~." After the outbreak of
war with German}" Auslralin agreed to ]»Ir-
ticipatc in the Briti~h Commonwealth Air
Trllining Program by IlTOviding partly-trained
air crews for dillpatch to Canada. where the
crew~ would complete their trRining. The first
batch reache<1 Cllnnda in September 1940 and
under all agreement of J anuary 19·11 Austrfl-
lia'K mouth!)' (Iuota WRS to be 100 pilots. 52
obsel""er~ and 72 wircleS>l ail' gunnllTS. In addi-
tion. Au~tr!llill agrC(!d to !)lIild up lin orgllniza_
lion in tht' Dominion cHIllible of IIcCl'pting fOI"

tramna: e.eh month a.16 pilot>!, 184 ob..erver~
and S20 runnert.
From the combined output the RA AF was
enttled to retain for its own requirementse:ut~
fid,nl personnel to ma n lIquad rolUl form
atetrdante with the allocation of ail'craft to
}.Ultralia, , ing P hase.
2. Arf(l "f Opfl'l'ltiolls. The RAA F opera~
in cbe .....ar throughout the Southweat Pac.ltic
ll re.t within II radius of roughly 2,500 mIles
fr',," Port Da rwin. The territory - altho~gh
laTie _ WM spar-"!Iy poplliall.'d. The Au ~trahan
ronlinent C<I\'en almQ$t a" much territory as
continental Un ited State~ but ha ~ a IlO pulation
of onl\' 7.000.000 locatl'il chiefly along the
_.' u:he~n COll~t and on the easlern p]aleau.
~x citie8 1i3t p'JPu]ation~ exceeding 100.000
And all bul one of th rse Are commercial porta
lIn~ manufacturing center~ . M o~t of th e north-
rrn half of Australia i ~ hot and dry a nd has
no inhabitant, except 1I11civilizt.... aboriginea.
In ]941 there were no road or railroad con-
nedifllls betw~n southern Au st ralia lind Port
Il" ...... in on the northern ~"{IIIsl. but a defense
hi_way \\'as completed during th e war.
'nIe i~1ancb north of Au"tralia likewise lire
gererallr ~pan<elr :<ettled. New Guine.., for
exlmple, (half of Which, togethe r wilh ="'ew
Brtain a nd New Il"Olland, was under Au stral ian
IlLJIIdate) i~ one of the most mounlainous
artafl of the world and hll~ onl y a ~ mllll nati ve
po,..latlon
t Ft>ru. A ra ila!ll.... RAAF in 1939 had
16£ lin:rafl (AnllOn!l, Seagull!!. Demons and
Wrnw8J's) in operational lIquad rons and th e
inwediate reRn'e, pl u8 a n additional 82 tra ill _
illl type ain:raft. Allotmenlr! of va rious t)'fle!!
of aircraft were nuuko by the United States
am to a laser degree by Britain, while IIOme
wire lllallufaetured in Australia a t Fisherman'"
BOld and other factorlea. Br February 1945
th- fon:e tonIisted of the fol lowing :
Ficbten ( Spltti ..... Killy ...... h
• 1Id ....... nllp)
UI98
Att.dt ( .MCpII_ . Boaton.
a lld Beaatlch~n)
• ..u"", bcaben (.ltchdl •.
Beallforta. Raobono a Vtnlu ... ~) 600
- - .. . . . . . ( A_ c.~Unaa
and s.plla) .
Re.., ........n ( .... _ ...
and Ubenton)
~ '"'""
''''
2 3
4, Ph.allt~ of Ope1oa tio M. The RAAF. IIUI
licipated in the following phll!Ws of IVaI" III th ,
Pacific:
(1) Defense of Malaya. . cal di sease t hat the sick J'ate in New Guillea
(2) The Air Ba ttles over Darwlll.
(3) Defenge of New Gui nea. .
(4) The Allied Li mited Olfen>uve lIud I-I ol d
(6) The All-Out Allied Offensive.
5. l.. im itiny F c!clo rM. Aus t rali a w ..s h'II'"
prejl.'!Cd after Pearl Harbor to obtain su.fliciell '
supplie~ of a ircraft and aviation eqUlpm~ 1l 1
and th is seriollllly li mited opera tions. DU I'IIi I
1940 it had become clear t hat the demands 01
the EUTOIJoeli n war would prevent the Uni te,
Kingdom from furni ... hi ng aircraft, commu ni-
c.. tion~ equ ipment and mllny other mater ia l-
of w.. r upon which the Dominion had beel
counting. A good start had been made in crell t
ing or eXl)anding local production of th e~,
item~ . Th e speed of the J apaneRll advance dll r
ing the first hal f of 1942, however, found th
RAAF withou t .<l.Ifficie nt aiJ'cl'aft to defen'
either the hom e continent 0 1' its outposts.
After Ameri can-built aircraft beg.. n to al
ri\'e iu I.. rge numbers. therc were shortages 01
l ool ~ aud S()are pa rts , It wa~ necessary t,
manufacture in Aus t ralia components 01
United State~ ty pe a ircraft uillil th e end 01
the WiU'. The le ngthening of au ppl}' lines dill
ing th e all-out Allied otrell ~ iv ... ])hase, combinp<'
wi th short ..ges of ~hippillg, caused conti nu ;L
delar~ in delivel'Y of equipment to nni ts oper-
at ing from ad vanced bases.
Tropical d ise"sl's causcd diflicultie~ thro ugh
out the war and we re /I major limitiug fact Oi r
in New Guinea. T he southern coast of Nell
Guinea iu the vicinity of Milne Bay tlnd Port
Morellby, the only portio n which the Allil"
were a bl ... to hold du ring 1942. is o ne of th'
most mAl a r ious in the world.
At th e sta rt of t he New Guin ea cam paig n.
I'oads, railroads a nd sanitation facilities wen
al most non-existent. T he ~i ef source of labor,
t.he Melanesian natives, were highl y mahll' i~
hzed a nd this limil<.'d thei r uflC full1ess. Oll,.,r
dil\eaS('s in order of impo rtance we re detl g\\\
fe\'er. dy sentery. ~ k in di Seases nnd ~crlll'
typh us.
As the war progressed nort hward :lnd lIorlh
weatwa rd, new diseases from time to t ime \)0"
came a problem and constantl y fo rced t~i
adolltio n of r reve nti\'e measures. By mid_1 945.
howeve r, an o rganiziltion had been built up
which pl-o\'ed so SUCCessful in combattirig tl'opi-
a mong RAAF peraonnel \\'a8 lower than in
~ome of the a reas on the Australiall mainland.
6. De/Pllse 0/ Mulu!Ju. During 1940, the
Au s tra lian gove r nment gal'e consideration to
the most ('!ftoetive means by whic h Austl'alia
could contribute to the reinfOI'cement of
Britain in the Far Enst. Two reconnllisance
SQ uadrons of Amedcan-built Lockheed Hud-
sons and one fighte r squadron equipped with
Am eri ca n-built Buffaloes and Australian-buill
Wirrllll'a ys were sent to Malaya dUl'ing 1940_
The next rear a second flghler siluadron waH
formed in Austl'alia and sent to SingallOre to
operate unrler control of the I~oyal Air Force.
During t he last half of 1\141 a RAAF station
\\'1I.'j formed at Sembnwnng on Singapore
Island 10 administer these SQuadrons, which
engaged in operlltional training and patrols
o\'e r t he Ma lar Peninsula .
On 6 December 194 1 a recoml<tissance air-
c raft of the RAA F' based at Kota Bharu on
_the Malaynn Peninsula sighted a IM're Japa-
nese co n voy consisting of 13 warships and 22
tran spor ts. about 250 miles out to gea but
headed fo r t he eastern Malayan coast, In the
eal'ly hours of 8 December, Cnemy forces be-
gan lan ding on thc beach near Kol:l Bharu,
The A ust ral ian pilot., attacked with maximum
strength until dawn, when the second Hudson
aqundron from Kuantan ainlO l·t joined the
fight. T ogethel', t hey succeeded ill inllicting
hea vy I o.~~es on t he JapH nese in personnel and
eq uipme nt, but enemy fig hte rs were operating
over t he area a nd by midday. half the Aus-
t ralian airc raft were lost or badly damaged.
At t he end of th e day, I'emaining unit.~ ,'e-
ti red 10 Kua ll la n. tak ing all pel"sonnel, equip-
ment "nd aircraft that cou ld be flown away .
O llC n, Uon~ we re continued from this base until
9 Dece mbe l". when e nemy advances forced an
evacua tio n to Se mbnwnng on Singapo re Island_
DlII'ing all this lighting, t he RAA F' figh tcr
sq uadron at IllOh on the west CO;lst. was .. t-
t.e mpting to provide fighte r co\"c 1" as f"l" a~
\\'as poss iblc.
At th e outbrea k of 11''''', the A ll ied air fOl"ce~
ill Sin ga po re and 1\1;, 1>1),11 , includ ing Bri tish,
AU Hlralia ns a nd Dutch, hud ]2 sqlUl.d rons
w;th a total of about 193 combat aircraft.
80me of which were obsolete and all of which
were inferior in pe r folTnance and armament
to J apanese aiJ'craft of a similar type. Enemy
air attacks wel'e frequent, and poor communi.
cations and equipment caused an early loss of
air sup,eriol'it}'.
During J anuary 1942, while the Australian
ground forces in i\lalaYII, with little ail- sup-
llOrt, were retl-eating down the peninsula, Ja pa-
nese air attack!! on Singapore laland became
increasingly heavy. T hey were aimed mainly
at Allied ail"]lO l"ta, docks and naval and mili -
tary installations. It was decid<.'d to move all
!SQuadrons to l'enr bases in Sumatril. On 20
January , operations we re begun from airporll'l
neal' Palembang and a few reinforcements ar-
riv<.'d from Australia. Ground facilities wel'e
inadequate, howe\'er, and scrl'iceability beca me
a great problem.
On 14 Febl'twry, Ihe Japanese began a land-
ing operation north of Palembang from n con-
"oy of approximately 40 ships. On!}' a few
enemy fighter airc raft were present and the
rem nants of the RAA F' blasted enemy barges
and personnel on the beaches f rom dllyligh t to
dark as often as ref uelling and rearmament
could be accomplished . At the end of the day,
however, all bombs a nd ammunition sUllplics
were exhausted, and on 15 February, the
Aust ralian squad rons were withdrawn to Ba_
tavi a ai r port at the capital of the N ether!and~
East Indies. F rom this location and from
various other airports in Java. t hey partici-
pated in the defense of the Indies. When it
becHme appa rent that JavlI was lost, all re-
ma ini ng Aust ralian ai r fon:e pe rson nel we re
emba rked in All ied ships betw1*!n 17 and 22
Feb r uary 194 2 and !'etur ned to Australia,
The goveJ'n ment called a tempora ry halt in
the dis pa tch of air crew trai n1*!S overseas fol-
lowing Pearl Harbo r and concent rated iu.
efforts towar d expanding RAAF Ol)(!rations in
the Pacific. Four months later t he A ustralia n
War Cabinet set its gOll l at 53 ope rating squad_
ro ns in the Pacifi c by 1945 an d lit the sa me
time decided to contin ue scnding some trall'1*!S
to Canada and England.
7. The Air NnW.:s Ov(:",. 0")"1611 . Om'wi n.
nD rthel"!l Au stralia's on ly Inrge sett leme nt .
wall of grent im llO rtnnce to t he Al lies as a ll
ni l' b..sl' IIl1d a po rt. pal'lic ular ly duriug t ht,

~Dth. of the ••r. A"ide (rom Port
_l¥ G .... it WIUI the only for-
..~ in New W th
ward Allied air bale from Yo hich the IOU ern
flank If die Japuaeee IIwuioD !0f'C\!:t could be
.~~ 1\140 \he f\nt two bomber·rewn-
nal8llllDce ..uadrol\.~ to be !lent to the new'i~
built .ir stlltion .rrind at Darwin. On
1~n.beT 1941 an Auatralian ,.quadron (rom
O,""n equipped ,,·Im ArnHiean·built nud!lOn~
oombld and atr.fed the Japanese o~ Tob1
Islam northll\'!<t of :"ew Guinea. In mld·Feb-
ruary 1942 tbe ~mall Alatralian air unit.~ Sl'nt
to .di,need bues at Ambon and Timor we ...·
foreet by Japanese adnll1ce~ to return t~ Dar-
win .... hich had berom ... an important IlI r and
_ lllagioa- .rea.
As the Japanese offen~in' gathered 5trength.
captuing the Celebes. the lIalmaheraM a~d
Ambtn. enem)' air reconnai~."ance o,'cr DarwlIl
becane frequent. On 19 February 1942 Ih,-
ftnt ~nemy air .uack flU tht> port took pl.e!',
Bee.ue of poor intelligence and inadequate
rada, protection it came II~ a complete tacticill
nrpri8e. A format ion of 27 Japane"" medium
boIden f~ b) :;0 dil'e·bomber~ lind
ftPtaa attatked an Allitd conl'or which had
Jult arriv.d frum thE' bland of Timor. St.-etl
Allild !<hips ""'re ~unk and SCI"en dnmaged,
ADoIber loaded with high t'xpl(l;liH'~ hlew UII
~r bei.1II' ~lnICk b} 00rnto. and cllu ... '(1 fur-
ther~. An une>ll...,rted formation of 27
earrier"""'" JaTNInelie bomber~ later that
am· ~ 1Itrucli. RAAF hllngar~ anti rCllail'
aIIOfoI tauaiDl: 110'111)' llama1ft' lind I...... of lif...
Air IUlib then in th .. Darwin art'1l cunHi~\('(1
01 two below-lItrenJth Au~tralian bomber-
reoall....._ "'IlWironH. one Aml'riean IIgh""!'
lfIu.Uon equlPPftl with P-4o,. and a RAAt·
IflIiIdroa of P'M1'&I- ptll'pDIIIt' \\'irrawII)~.
Aitied _ _ were II P-40a.7 Hud!lon .. and
aevtraI. Ha.,. PBY '1)'lnK boat. delltroved' I
Hliboa and I Wirraway dalllaJ't'd. Within
thne .,. ~ the au.ck .....f"iceability of
the Aa.trat\u umb at D.,.Wirr had rt'turnffi
to the ~ I'III1ntained prior to th ...... raid~
t.t. thret r. S. Kitt,bawk ftJhter I(]uadron~
were .... at Darwia a!WI it became pouibJt.
\0 live ral OJIIQiboa to the ftIfmy'. bomber..,
~~~ -..med by IUJJIe of hi. mOlit t'X-
- - - - 1IIq( Ilrmen.
.1fter die faD of the Netherlandl .Eut In.
. ear)
tiles 1" In .",reh
. . . an all-out Japaneae
. '1fl attacli
. . '.... ared to be an Iflcrea5 g P08-
on DarWI,O.... . por ted
Ibility' Firl' aircraft carners ..... ere re
:... of the Celebes and nine transports w~r c
.Ighted In KoepallR" harbor o~ Ambon, wh ich
immediate\). we.., attacked With a~1 strength
»OlIsible b)' Allied bombers. By April ~ 9t12, th e
Au~tnllian. Americnll alld Dutch I)Ilots de-
fl'lIding Darwin were able to ~unter each
Japane..... air attack with ~p~roxlmat~IY 1 0~
defensilc ~o rti e.~. and to mlhet conslde rabl,
attriti on on the .. nemy.
The frequency of JapalLese lIi l' lI~taeks 01 1
I)arwin d('Crea!Ot'(1 1111 the enem), s. loSll~'
mounted. On 22 Allril 19~2 the Allied All'
Forees of the Southweat Pacillc area wen
formed a number of additi onsl air bases wel't
COlIstl'U'Cted in the Darwin area and more air·
crllft began to anh·e.
The Allied foree!! defending DHrwin inclu ded
Kith'hawk"
. . Bellufighter~, WfrrnwaYlI Ilntl
,'ullee Vengeancc;I. During December 194_.
,'lIuug-h I!riti>lh-built Spitftres arrived to cqui j
. the nA AF' had exclusil'e I'e~ponsibility fOl' air
II wing (three squadrons) of AUHtralian figh tel
pilots. Up 10 this time Darwin had been III
tacked about 50 times by the enem), . Ev en·
tUally .ix Australilln »quadronll of Spitfire.·
were ba .• ed in the Darwin area. This ti gh ter
strength. togethe r with the efficiency of rada r
units .,('t up during the year. !lOOn made a
Japane~ air attack on Darwin a rare even l
Allied claim!! of enemy 1000ICs over Darwin be·
tween January 1942 and April 1M3 were 17:1
destroyed. :m probably destl'oyed and 7::
damllg..od.
t(. 1)//(1/.'1 ui Sew Gl1inw. In 1939 th.·
RAAF e~tul)1i"hed two Hying boat squ a d rOll '
at PorI Mort'sby to carry out aerial r eeo l\ '
nai"-....ance in the Pacific. Advanced operation al
baoot's Wt'rt· built at Rabaul in :ofew Brita in
Tulngi and "ila in the Solomon~. and Noum!';'
in Fr\!nch Ncw Caledonia. all equipped wit h
wirel(·"l<. mooring~. fuel lind bomb!!.
At th(' tim(' of Pearl Hnrbor, the enti f(
northern Nt'w Guinea area wa ~ de fended b)
un l.l' tWI) ~qlll\dron~ ('(Iu ipped with four E ml)i""
tlying boal~ and 12 American_built Catlilinll!<.
but on IC I)('("('mb,:r a lIQuadron of II udsonl! /I ud
Wirrll\loll~" n\()wd to Rabaul.
On ~ Janullr)' H1J2 the J/ipanelW begun air
IIttack~ again~t Rabuu l and on 20 Janua ry l SI;
l'nemy aircraft blsl!\.cd the ltabaul ail· I)Ofl$.
• ,
destroying so me of t he AUst ralian aircraft on
the ground. l<'ive Wirrawnys went aloft to
engage the e nemy ; all we re shot do wn ill
names. Three d a ~'s la ter. Japllnese ground
forces landed f rom s h illS /lnd occullied Rabaul.
later lipread ing to Gasmata and Clipe Glou-
cester.
On 7 ~larch . the dllY after the fall of Ba_
ta\'ia. capital of the Nethel'lands East Indi~,
a JalJanese convoy upproached Lac and Sula_
maua in nOl'ther n New (;uinea "nd by du~k
of the follo ll'iug (IllY both were in enemy
hands. The A lHe~ retaliated. h ow·ever. and in
a joint carrier-borne and laud-based /li r attack
of 10 March a t !ca~t thr~ Japanese ships wen'
sunk,
Port ~foresby, t he only lurge town on t h('
southern coast of Nel\ Guinea, then became
the last Allied IItronghold on New Guinea. and
dcfen.'!C of th e I)OI·t un t il t he nr.-iv"l of Ameri_
can nir uni ts in May. On 21 " larch 1 9~2 the
force ~ived its fi rs t tighter aircraft-Aml'ri-
can-built Ki ttylllllYks.
T he Japan ese forces in their ijurg(! through
the Netherlands En!lt IndieH ,Illd :of!"'W Guinen
made a s pecial e!for't to captu re intnet all air-
fields. established ports and harbor~ /Inti other
ingtllilntions wh ich would nlll ke possible thf'
!lupplying of front-li ne t roop \l n it~ fighting ill
jungle te rrai n. It was ob\'iou~ thll t the enemy's
chief Ilrobl em w us su pply and reinforcement!'.
Therefore, un i t~ of t he BAA F available were
ordered to llttempt to dis ru pt enem~' 8u pp l,I'
and commun icationll by bombing lind "trafi nj(
the following ta rgets:
a. JalJa ncse shi ppin g Imd aircraft in for_
II'at'd I1rCI1S.
b. Sup ply a nd storage dump~ ut fo r wu.-d
uirtleld s.
c. Personnel n reas.
d. Airfield r u nwny~ li nd !lO rt in~tnlln t ion".
The HAAF joined in the atta ck on t he J apn-
nc-'IC eonvo}, of IIp proximately 20 tranS llOrB
which on 6 May Ifl.l21eft Ilabanl a nd attempwd
to approach Po rt Moresby th rough the Jomll1'd
PaSgllge. This con voy re turn C{1 home wi t hout
attempting to ma ke 11 I/ln di ng after the Co ral
Sea battle in wh ich the J llpanese 1000t t he car-
rier ShollO and the Un ited S tille>< lo~t the Le.-
iflOlol!.
By the end of July l!loI2 two HAAV fighter
lI(l uad ron~ equiPIle<i with Ki ttyhawh wen:
stationed a t the eastern tip of New Gu inea.
On 24 Au glls t a J npa nellC co nvoy ente red Mil ne
BtLy lind landed trOOJ)ll eas t of th e th ree lighte r
strips from which the Australian pilots oper-
ated. The Australilln tighter lIQuadronll s t-
tlleked enemy landing barges. dum ps, ta nk~
lind 'Inything else in sight white Au st rslilln
infantr), engaged in hand_to-hand lighting wit h.
the enemy. By 6 September a1l J apa nese for<:eg
had been wiped out or evaeuuted.
During t he fighting !llong the Kokod u Tn,j]
and in the Owen-Stanley Moun tai ns of Nl'w
Guinea, Austra lian Beaufighters nnd Beaufo rts
su pported the ground forces by attacking
enemy supply tnlins a nd st rong poi nta. while
Wirmwn)'s a nd othel' aircraft drop ped food
and equillment to Allied forces. Bomber an d
to rped o !!Quadrans of th e RAA F stationed at
Port Moresby and ~1i lne Bay helped to keep
t he sea Innes OJ)l'n for Allied ~ hippi n g nnd a t
the same time di~located J a pnnese sea com-
munications.
RAA F lSqu a drOIlS equipped with ClI tnlinns.
BOMto ns. Be:IU fol·ts a nti Hudsons took pn rt in
the desu' uction of t he Lae convoy ear ly in
Marc h. the action w'hieh marked t he end of
Japanese offensive effo rts in t he Sout h west
Puc iti c for t he l'emaind er of t he wa r . Ene my
lo~ in t his Bisma rck Sea engugeme nt a re
e~timated \.0 ha \"e bocn fou r dest royers a nd
:~O.OOO tons of shiPlling. 2.900 men a nd 62 air·
ernft.
P rom 30 A pr il 19012. A llied Headqu a rter s
exercised Ol)('ra tio nal cont rol of the RAAF .
On () September 1942 R A A ~~ Command lI ea d-
Il nar ter~ was establis hed in Brisbane, wit h the
fu ncti on of giv ing operat io nll l co ntrol u nder
the Commanding General. AlI il'll Ai r Force~.
Southwest !'ucitic Area. to Aus tralia n ope r-
ational units and s uch other Allil'll u nits lUI
were nssigned to ·it. When ope ra t io ns moved
furth cr ntle ld. th e "Co mmand ing Ge neral. For_
Ila1'd Echelo n" beenme the accredi ted rellre-
K('ntati\'e of the Chief of the RAAF Air Sta Ir
with the com mander of the Allil'll Air }o'o rce"~.
Sout h Paci fic ArCH.
I l is·dirt!ct i ,",~ s ta tl..:! th a t the mission o f the
BA AF was '" to con tribu te to the force~ nnde r
l<{\m mand o f the Com ma nde r in Chief, Sou th _
"'egt I' ncific Aren. in dc fcn ~e of Australia IHIII
Its te rritories; t he p rotection of II hipping MId

rreII over.tinK in th~
lhe delta' of entmy fo.. To carry out this and mine laying..ed Offtlliril'c I'hnl C (SOl/ em·
Sooth,..g Pacific Aru. lhorm-d to act
• L_ RAAF was aU • ber 19-"- AuguRI 19\). ed LIIe following n
......,'lJ'ent. ..... 'unction With the
l!ilber bdrpendtont1y ord I~ CO:lrecl cooperation
ADied Air FoJ'CIN an In .,-at foRe!.
with th.' A\lied AnnY and N,
9 A'lild Li","td Off",,"Fr I''"' After
· • " ' -S,ptf'lllbtr
(lilt! HoldillQ
_.
Pluut (Mlln' J - t efforts towards
Marcll1943 J.~n ma~_I~nd buildlnl new
--" "" exlstllli a,r""
ex.-- red territory \)(>h·Ind the
ones ir ne",ly.conque . rd uIIIOI remained
front \'IIe8- ~up~ly of fO~~ One method de-
u the memy" No. I pro I ";'I\-e thi" problem
=
,-elopet b)' the J,apane.oe ~erdl&nt 3hip~ into
COIlllPL-d of takmg large ed - berge~
1 and We,,"'alI and then gmll'
with theIIe ahiJIII' cargoes along the ooa~t
· I~t into \be ro .....·ard .r('IUI.
b} II.., 'oil the Allie>! concentrated
~urnl ~~.pe~ on enemy airerdt at for. pinell).
tben attac.. e 11>... d at
ward ~irfteld4. aupplil'1l and Mtora~~de::~:nd
the II&l!II' lIeldl!, barges and barre I
Japall!&e .hipping.•
Beaaftghten and SOlIton. of the RAAF spe-
eializtd in dilrupting Japane/IC ~hip.ping ~ove.
IIItnll. and from dawn to du~~ durllllr thiS pe-
·00 _rebed the cOBllt1in~, riven and beach~
~f Nf1Ii Britain. Th_ activitiell ffljulted In and the USAAF combined to curry o.lIl a d ·
the IBItnKtion of about 200 J apanetoe barge.
• _th.
0..;:111 Kay and Ju~ of 1943 8t>aufOtU,
BoIt.RIa. Kittybawka and BHuftghten of t~e
R.AAF moved on to the nl'wlYoCOMtructed air· ~'::e thereb)' weakening his air de fenses els~·
strip M Goodenough I,land. They to~menced
rep.ar attach &pintt \be Japanete air t.u.
at Gaamata. Cape HoUina and Cape GIooceat.er,
"IridI the object of nelllral~lng them. Durinl
JUDI 1!MlI Allied I_landed on Klriwina and
woanan bIaDda to obtain further IwoH fnr
....... ---.
huwldJe. air operationa oortbweat of during the rollowing month three fightern
POll. DvwIa J.d _ to be thl' rapotlRlbilit.l'
of iIe KAAF ••hbough Bomb Group 380 of
tbeAmerican AAF arrived In the atu in June
1M aDd provided htav~' bomber .upport. The
,....,.. IblIltr to muter air power In the
ara CID\ered on biJ buN. on Timor and Am·
w-..
bot whk:h were attacked Increuinrly.
In order te ..... the New Guinea operations
aU. bI ccmfue the eaemy rep.rdlnr Allied In. together with ground per~onnel and eqnil)lllCn l
MUIGu. bomber alren.ft ran~ far aaeld of firMer squadrons, depllrted in hllulin g crllft
f_ ~ Allltrall.a, and RAAF cat..
101l1!".nlll)(I' niKhl lllUlCk ~
22 April 8UC<:C88fu\l y In Ya ded Aitn])e (between trH lllk..·d \hN·I'. nl\' mediumll ~o usis tell tly at-
\ina.! Joined in with Hol1&ndill and We wllk il\ Il ol·ther n New Brit- tncked lIn y MuitalJle e ll em y tll rgets a nd we re
aJn) and captured Tadji airport f rom the 1·('8llOn ~ i blt' for thc df'M t rllction s of cO llside rable
Ja. .nl'lM'. An RAAF a irfi eld construction winl{
10. AlI.()lIt AliI 5 In Septemb<'r 1!)4:1 n u mher~ of ~ ma\1 cargo I"essels, barges, lug·
landed with the ta s k for ce a nd within a mat· gers lIud othel· ty pes of coastal s h ippi ng .
Allied ground fo~elI s.Of1llbombardmellt. Th ill ter 01 hourJl hll d repn ired and extended th~' In IIdditioll, HAAF Liberlltor~ opera t ing
>\IIftening·UP b)' lIIten.sl\~ of the AU k d 1111· ("aptured lIirlitrip. f rom blll!ol.'~ in uorth Aus tralia s truck ta rgets
he real bef(lIInlllg ., II TilI'e(' RAAF ligh tel· ~I uadrons became f ully in wide ly· .... 'lmated IIreas of the Nl'"the rlsnds
marked t
,·ance westward
. had been reoccu I",· ,·_1
which did not hall unt!
Taet ielll
H'
tar· operational nt Ta rlji o n 2·1 April 1!).I4 and
II\Wt'ral more sq uad rons mon~d f rom Nadzab
~:sst Indie~ from the ('entral Celebes to East
J a\"ll I II the latie l· area the bombers carried
Philippines th. t Pacific fell into four
ge
ta in the Sou wet<
·ea·
to Tadji durin g ea rly MIIY. A short t ime lifter out ~t rlltegic alt"e kll nn the important power
general catei"Or"l a~ of l'llemy ~treIlKth. (Ita- the Allied forC('~ ca ptu red lI o\landia, RAAF s tlltions lit l\ali. Konto, IIppro:lCimately 50 mi les
a. By·passed. w . k ManokwaTi rllll! ftPter squadron ~ were mo\·~ to the 1»Ise from !!Outhwellt of Socrabajn, involving ro.und trips
bauI, Bougain\"1Ue, e'Wa. rear areas. Both the T adji and Holland ia units of 1.!:I00 nautical mile~. These wrecked the
Halmahera). ,K . Aroe Tllnil""bu r joiMCi in the large scal e air attacks on Wewllk. ,)Ian ts. Thl'.\' 111110 car ried out long-rllnge sea
, t r ed Arellll ai, '
b. Neu ra IZ utch New Guinea area) . tbe remaining J ll panese Mronghold in north - r()ConnllilWlncc in search of J upanese ~hippi ll g
and the southern D (Soem\)1l Timor ami I'rn Nt'w Guillell. For the fi rst time Liller· which res u1te<1 in t he sinking or da maging of
. c. Forward Arell" '
lltol'll IH_24 J1) ma nned by A ust ralian crew ~ mllll}' lellllCla at a time when t he Japll ne.se
C~ram). f (the Philip· took part in the a ttack s. could not "fford such losses.
d. Zone of major land war lire
M('flnwhile. with the a d vance of the A\\ied DU l"ing Allril 19·15 flye Bea ufort .'!qua drons
RAAF Spitfires were sent to 1C 11
II ewly..(;Ol1· forces along th e north ern New Gu inell coast , werl' lI~sembled ut T adji li nd bombed wit h
. .. . ..... rt ill October ]!)43, und (·atalhl1l. gquadronll s tatio ned il1 nor thwest maximum "t reng-th inll tn llll ti onll and t roops in
t cted KITlWllla alr"u . Australia made n maximum effo rt to aSlli~t b~'
~~t~ Austrlllian.piloted Kittyhllw~~, \)ega:~l~.lr mining enem )' IlOrlJl aud hllr bo rs a ll fn r afi eld
t he Wewn k area. On 14 Mill' 1945 Aus tra li a n
.. f ull enemy IIOSltlons ,\1 In J{ rOU II (i fo rce", ~u PllOr t('(1 by Au stra lian a nd
neutrllhzEabon 0 surfuce tratlic mOvillg nlon g 1\.8 Soerllbajn in no rth crn Java li nd T II!·I.kHU Rri lis h \Hl\'nl u nit{l nnd Al1ied nircra ft, ma de
range. nemy . , I lind Ealikpnpal\ in Borneo.
·..,·n coast prllelu:ully cell.~e< o· H comb ined l!l nd a nd amph ibious attae k which
the New B n
ward~ the end of 1943. f'
Durin!\" Se l)tem bc l· 1944 the A\lies u nder I·e~u l ted ill t he capt ure of this J ll pa nese ~t rOl\ g·
Du·ring October 19·13 aircraft of the RAA e (;eneral MacArthur land ed a t Morotai in the hold.
Molucca Islands. At fira! enemy a ir a ttacks in The mOllt im l)(lrtant Mtrategic targets in t he
structi\.e attack on shipping installatIOns a~(1 this arell we re fl·eque nt. To assist in combnl· SO l1 thwe~t Pacific area we re t he oil iU!ltalla.
. rl II....
I "-baul . Se,·eral more auack!! .m ting thelle IIttac ks three S pitfire ~lullil ron~ were tions of Hornt'O. notably t hose at Tarakan and
alrcra
·,n
rapi.d SUCCessl ......~aused heav\" Jap!ll1C!IC aif-
· .
moved fl·om Dllrwin to Morotai. Enemy inte r- Balik l)a pall Oil the ea~ t coast. Th ese we re
It 1088el1 which the enem)· attempted to re· ference ~oon ended. bombed intermi ttently by Allied lIi rcrllft d uro
By thi ~ time RA A F units in t he Southwe;t ing I!:I I;) li nd 19 ~4 . bUl becauflt' of the decli ne
whe~. Towards the end of Dece.mbc.r 19·13 IU ~ Pacific were ~ pread o\·er .some 2.000 miles. of J almne>!e "hippi ng li nd the AI1ie<1 lIiT s nd
attacka rllcilitated Allied landlnlP! a t CaP(~ Th\!y were able to ca rry out ope rations wit h lII.'a blocklldl' after October 1944 the J llpa nese
a hirh degree of e ificiencr under these condi. no long<' r "'ere a ble to mll ke extens ive expor!..'!
Gloucester and Arawe.
tionR·. 10 the home islllnd\l,
Februar~· 1944 !laW the complet ion of u
Alii@(I Mtrategy had dictated the bY llassing T he oil "till re mained in enemy hll nds, how-
mo,.ement to "'adub Airport in the Mnrkham
\'alieyof 12 RAAfo' Ol)('rlltionlll !lqua d ro lls I1l1 d
of areu containing s lrong force~ of enem)"
troop>! in orde r to speed the ad l'anee we!ltward.
J~use of the d ifli culUell of SUI)ply. lhe HAAF
~'\"el·. a nd u \1 a \"l\illlble to t he Allies. In the
"p ring of 1!:1 15 HAA f' Libe rll tor s ope rati ng
from thl' \·icilllt)" of Pel·lh in western Au stl·alia
ftquadron~, one Arm)· co-operation >l(llIndro
retein'd th\' I)rlma rl' task of kee ping t he ....' through ~tagin g bll !Sl'~ in northwest Aus tralia
Illd auxiliary unilll wer .. moved to ('a pe Gloll'
arelUl under cons tHnt at tack a nd provi d ing di · hel(l<n bl>lllkl'ti ll g wi th bom b~ 1111 Ja panese a ir·
eeater in New Britain. After the se izu re b~
fe<:t sUllllOrt Jor Alls lr"lill n g round forees en- tlO rt.'! in J UI·II f rom which the re WIlS an y llO&I i-
the Allied of Lo6 NegrOli Islllnd in t he All·
lIi11t)' of an air relic ti on to an Alli ed Inndi nlC
miraltieJl two RAAF' fightel" ~qUlHlrons li nd galred in reducing them. Mediu m bom\);>r"
(Mitche1\s and Vf' niuras ) ope rating f rom t hr ill Borneo. AIIJlt n liinn Li berator~ from the
admin"'t~ative and main1enaIlC(' unit.~ from
Dllrwin aren were emine nth· ~ u ccell"ful in lIre- ])>1. 1"\, ill II I·.·" und B 2 1 ~ of th e U. S. Thirtet.llth
Klriwina were sent there.
I'cllting nn~' co ns id e rable a~lOlIn l." of SU PI)lie" AI' uillo J)ul·t idl)lI((od. TIlt' >I iI" 1It\l<ck IlItel· wa ~
On 18 April 1944 air hendqUlI.rten I)CrSo l1ne l. or r .. lnforcem\'nl ~ from I"(.nchin g the \).I' pasl!C(l "hiftcd to tllcHcul t n r K.·t ~ at Tllrnkan 111111
lind neutrllliZNI lIreall lind in g n,dulIlI y \\"enk. 1"·1'''''
ullj ll ce ll t ill Hil l·ll l'O !llId tlu) Celebc~. On
c ninl' the power to resist of enemy force~ I MHI I ~J 1(; Al li.·d 11"1·0111111 f()l·c('~ , ~ \lIl]lOrted b.,·
aa part of the combined Allied force \\Ih\ch 011
7
•
 5
. f 1'1I1awan and
Alred lIiT uni~ opo.ratmg rom .'
Au~tra]j8l\ and United Statell naval umts, l~'
,-aded Tarakan Island. The Japanese , IT
Foree mtde no appearance ~uring the. hmdmg.
Soon lfterwards. follo\\'lOg oee&Slollai at-
tacks by the enem)'. II squadron of Spitfire,s
was mo,'ed into Tllukan. Borne(J. In .Jui}.
after all intensil'e air attaCk by all a\'flliable
hell'T bombers, aUack air.:raft lind .fighter~.
AuSI~aliln ground troops !lInded at BahkplIplIll.
In all Borneo lanriings the caaualties were
light. , t ..... h
Durin, August til" main RAA~ a I'en .. .
was mo,ed \0 LaUblill with fig?ler squadron~
stationeG at Tarakan and BahkpaplIll. Aus-
tralill-\)aied Catalinlls sUlging .thr,ough Luzon
lind Leyte were mining the shlppmg lanes at
Halnan, Formo;;lI, Hong Kong. Amoy lind
Swatow
II. ()Irrational Ree(Jrd. From Pearl Har·
bor thrcugh the end of the war, the RAAF car-
ried out 92,26;; sorties and dropped 23,249 tons
of bombs. It lost 694 aircraft in combat.
12. Conclusions (A Summation). The
RAAF "lUIde the following major contributions
to the !!IIcce..s.ful conclusion of the war against
Japan:
0) )efend€d Dar ..... in and northern Aus-
tralia turing the early months of the war and
scored an important victory over a Japanese
in\"asion force at !>lilne Bay in esstern Nell
Guinea in August 194.2.
(ii) Built up, with the aid of the United
States and Britain, 11 halanced ai r force ulti-
mately ha,·ing 53 ;;quadroM, and capable of
both tactical and strategic air support of Al-
lied o~erations in the Pacific.
(iii) Had an importan t role in \·arious oper-
ations of the Allied offensive, notably the ai r
bombwdment. ,,·hich made possible Ihe storm-
ing 01 Lae in 1943 and the invasion of the
Borne) oil fields in 1945.
Ov] In collaboration with the Royal New
Zealald Air ForC(' and the Royal Netherlands
E8IIt Indies Air Force, kept bypassed a reas
contaming strong forcell of enemy t roops under
constlnt attack, and permanently neutrali2ed.
(vI Made numerous attacks against Ja pa-
nese Ihipping, the most vital link in Japan's
war tconomy, at a time when acute shortage~
were developing.
13. St4t~tie8.
Ill. Operati ons of the Royal New Zealand
A ir Fo rce
Bl.lckgr(Jllml. New Zealand·s peaC<!time
(P~~_1939) Air Foree had a pl~nned stren~h
of only 100 officers and 900 aIrmen. Its l e-
serve consisted of members of civilian Aero
Clubs tlying light airplanes. After t~e start
(jf war with the ~:uropean Axis, a conSIderable
expansion of airport facilities ·be~an, but it
was agreed that New Zealand's primary fu~c.
tion w(juld be the training of pil(jts and au-
crew personnel in connection with the British
Commonwealth Air Training Program. For
this reason, military aviation in New Zealand
at the time of Pearl Harbor consisted mainl y
of a training organization distributed over
both N(jrth and South Island with n(j provi·
si(jn for offensive operations in the Pacific or
even for repelling an invasion. Not a fighter
squadron was operati(jual in the Dominion.
The only Ro:yal New Zealand Air Force uni l
outside the Dominion was a detached flight of
a bomber- reconnaissance squadron (jperatin g
from Nandi, Fiji, although nearly 1.000 New
Zealanders held so-called "short term" e(jm·
missi(jns in the British RAF.
2. Area. of Operalioll8. After Pearl Harbo r
New Zealand underto(jk, with the aid of its
allies, the building of an air force capable of
both defensive and offensive action in a huge
area of water space dotted with islands that
had backward native populations and li ttle in-
dustr~'. (RNZAF operations were carried ou l
within a radius of 4.000 miles from Auekl::md.
Dominion capital.)
New Zeala nd itself is primarily an agricu l-
tural country with 11 popUlation of less tha n
1,700,000. Before the war its principal eXp<lrts
were food (meat and dairy products) an d
wool. Most manufactured articles, includin g
8 9
those neceSSAry in transp<lrt and communica_
tiolll, eame f rom the United Kingdom.
8. F orce8 A vailable. At the beginning of
1940, the RNZAF had 109 aircraft of variou s
types Incl uding T iger Moths, a light biplane
uBed (or spor t and training. A few month s
before Pearl H arbor, the !lir force received it~
Drst moder n planes - 34 Lockheed Hudson
reconna issance bombers, Although for a time
plllM called for the RNZAF to become a bal-
anced force having all types of aircraft, it was
decided t hat greate l· efrectiveness would result
if ligh te r activities were stressed. In 1942
American-built Kittyhawks were introduced
and in 1944 New Zealand fighter squadrons
in the fo rward areas were rearmed with Cor-
sairs. By July 1945 the air force had 13 fighter
squadrons, each manned by 27 pilots, the p<llicy
heine- to keep eight SQuadrons actively engaged
at a ll ti mes with the enemy in forward areas.
On I July 1945 the aircraft svailable were
a pportioned as follows:
Fighters
Bomber re<:onn"i.Ii>lMe '"'"
Flying boat..
T ran.ports .
Torpedo bombers
""
Dive bornoora ""
Training
Mi ..ellaneous '""
Total 1.301/
4. Phu3eS of Operatiolls. The RNZAF par-
ticipated in the following phases of war in the
Pacific:
(I) The Defense Against the Japanese Of-
fe nsive (December 1941_March 1943).
(2 ) Th e Allied Limiled Offensive and Hold-
ing P hase (March 1943--September
1943) .
(3 ) T he All-Out Allied Offensive (Septem-
ber 1943-August· 1945).
6. Limitil!g Facto/·s. From the outset, the
RNZAF had supply difficulties and these never
WCft! solved completely. Rapid expansion was
necessary at a time when the European Thea-
ter and other nir forces in the Pacific had
hig he r ptiorities for receiving new production.
During 1942 and 1943 this created a condition
best described as "equipment starvation.'·
Considerable difficulty was exp.erienced during
this pe riod in maintaining ill an airworthy con-
dition the aircra ft which were available, since
reserve aircra!t , aircl·aft s pares, tool s and ex-
perienced personnel were lacking. For a time
ground staffs at all s tations worked double
shifts.
When the Allied Combined Chiefs of Staff
agreed to place the air force under American
autho rity for command !lnd supply and allo-
cated 540 U. S. aircraft fot· delivery before
April 1944, s uppl y became conside rably less of
a problem but many new maintenance prob-
lems were created. Extreme difficulty in se-
curing specialized tools still existed. Different
threads and unfamiliar types of gauges served
to puzzle insufficiently-trained technical per-
sonnel. Shortages of s pare parts for both air-
frames and engines developed.
Local manufactul·ing was resorted to where
s pares were unobtainable elsewhe re. In some
cases, parts originally intended for one aircraft
type were adapted for use on another. But as
late as March 1945 it was necessary to decom-
mission a bomber-reconnaissance squadron be-
cause the squadron's Ventura aircraft were
needed by other squadrons operating further
forward without reserves.
Shipping difficulties limited RNZAF opera-
tions until the end of the war. Early in 1945
the United States Navy Commander, South
Pacific, agreed to release for service under
General MacArthur two bomber-reconnaissanC<!
SQuadrons operating in the Solomons area, but
shipping difficulties p revented the movement
from taking place before the Japanese sur-
render.
During certain periods disease was an im-
portant limiting !actOl·. In Malaya early in
1942 the incidence of malarial infection among
personnel o! a fighter squadron bad been below
two pet·cent, but after units moved to the New
Hebrides in No\'ember 1942 and to the hyper-
endemic zone in the Solomons in January 1943,
malarial rates reached 90 percent infected
after three months. By the end of 1943, how-
ever, preventative measures had brought the
situation under control. Between January
1944 and March 1944 dengue fever and dysen-
tery caused Il high rllte of noneffectiveness
among air force personnel, but this situation
also was soon controlled. Diseases of infection
or in!estation caused roughly 25 percent of the
total disability, and disorders of the digestive
system caused an additional 21 ' percent.

6 De/rlM' AIIUiu81 I/I~ JaJllltle8e Olfe~tsillr.
7_ . nest foreet' J5(ored an unbroken se~les o~
. pa. . Ih "-,th....l'IIt PaeiRe until the~
Vldorleo! n e ~
,,'ere bloek~ in the Solomons and in the m~un­
tains nort. of Port Moresh}" in New GU1ne~.
The situation actually was not stabilized until
March 19' 3. During this lM.'riod a .New Zea-
land fightn aquadron participated m the un-
~ueee;l$ful defense of Sing1l]lOre, and II bomber-
re<:OnnaiSSlnce !lQuadroll ,,"as among the ~rst
aerial reinforcements sent to assist. Untted
Slates Marine~ holding GuadaLcanal lurfield.
The N!w Zealand fighter squadron, ,soon
afterwards took part in the interception of
Japanese daylight bombing attacks agam~t
Gl1adakau.l and by the time Japanese aIr
po""cr Wf.S broken in the Solomons ar~a. had
destroyed 99 enemy aircraft pillS an additIOnal
14 Ilrobatle!l.
During the time it appeared possible that the
Japanese might reach Australia and New Zea-
land. the training organization W!13 concen-
trated or South Island and airports such as
Whenua)Bi and Chakea on North Island were
made reldy for operational flying. An t raining
squadroRl were equipped to carry bombs and
machine gulUl. At the same time existing air-
fields were improved to provide facilities fol'
up to 40) heavy bombers.
7. Allied Limited Offell8lVe ami Holditlf)
PluJ.se. Juring the period between Ma rch 1943
and Sertember 1943 when the enemy drive
dellnitel~ was halted the main activities of
the RN;;;AF were in the Solomons area under
United StalCII Naval control. AI the end of
May H43. No. 3 Bomber Rcconnaif!.8llnce
Squadrm completed six months of continuous
operatim.l from HenderllOn Field, Guadakanal.
The prmary mi&!lion of the !\Quadron WlllI
_reb. but ita aireraft carried out bombing
atla(:Q on enemy land targeta and during
April tv ice attaeked Japanese submarines, The
aver.~ number of eearehes made daily by the
OIqu~J'(n WIU light dUring March; 6.6 during
Apn] IIld seven during May. Alter February
1943 tie number of enemy ships in the Sola-
mona a-ea declined. while the number of enemv
_reb and patrol plane!! operating there i~­
cl'eQed to a high level during March and
April In~ then fell off during May, refleo:ling
chanp, In .laJllln_strategy.
By .lllplt 1943 the following units of the
RNZAf' we re operliling oulsille the domin ion
in the Pacific area: f " ..
One bomber rt'Connlli~MnC(' "'lulHlron lit Ul
lind Guadalcanal. . bombll wit h comhflt loll8es of 175, The conaid-
One Hring boat squadron at Lauthala Bay.
Two fighter sq\lIIdron~ lit E SI)iritu Santo an d
Guadalcanal.
8. AliiI'll All-Out Off cli lfi ve , ]n September
1943. after Al!ied air superiority hlld made
l)();u;iule the !ltorming of. the Jllpllnes.e strong-
hold at Lae in New GUlnell, the Allied offe n-
sive gathered momentum. .
Th e offensive moved forward from u:lland to
is land toward the Philippines, lellving behind
such bypassed or neutralized areaS as Rabau l
in New Bri.tain, Bouscainvi11e in the Solomons,
Wewak in northern New Guinea and the Hal -
maherM. It soon beo:ame IIpparent Ihat th e
al ready strained supply organization of the
RNZAF could not be stretched much furth er.
even though a transport squadron had been
formed in Ma\' and \\'as doing an excellent job
in' supplying' forward SQuadrons. Therefore
New Zealand squadroM received the primary
task of giving both close and long-rllnge ai r
$upport to Australian ground troops engaged
in mOI)ping-up the bypassed or neutralized
areas.
At the end of the war New Zealand Ventlll'lI~
were making daily bombing lIweeps over New
Britain. New Ireland and the Solomons. Th e
mllin striking arm consisted of tighter-bomb<:-r
squadrons equipped with CorSllirs. The RNZA F
found that this aircraft, originally built for
carrier duty with the United States Na vy,
was an ideal weapon for the task aHlIign ed.
Small formatlong of Corsairs were able 10
dispose accurately of small pi n point target>;
in the forefront of the attack through jungl<'
areas. lind larger formationll were able to
blllnket enemy area~ 'with high~xplOl:live and
incendiary bombs. During July 1945 th e eighl
. fight.er-bomber squadrons of th e RNZAF ne·
til'e l}' engaged in forwa rd areas were based ,d
the following place~:
f our at Bougainvi1\u (the Solomons ) .
Two at J acquinot Bay (New 8rilllin).
One at Emirall.
One at Los Negro~.
9. OjJfl'atiOlw/ Rrconl. From 7 D~e rn ber
1941 through the end of the war in Au gust
1945 all types of RNZAF pilines flew 58 ,07:'1
10
~orti"8 ; tiroPI)C(1 12,1!.f6 Ions of bombs, with 1\
total lOll8 in combat of 228 aircraft. The fighter
(and ftghter_bombe r ) units flew 41,751 sorties
out of thi~ total. nml dropped 6,94Q tons of
l'l'IIble growth in ~trik ing ]I,ower of the air force
is illustrated b.l· the fact t hat during the year
end ing 31 MIlY 1!)45 RN ZAF sq uadrons flew
29,533 ..artieg. exclusive of t hose carried oul
by tralll:lport SQUfld rons. No four~ngine heavy
bombel'll were opera ted.
Between May 1943, when the fil'.'lt ai r trans-
port SQuadron of the ail' force wall established.
and the end of the war the ai r t ransport service
had no IIccide nt in vol ving injury to perso nn"l
or crews. During thi ll pe r iod the lICr vice car·
ried more than 20,000 paSS(lngcrs, 960,000
pounds of mail a nd performed 6.700,000 "~Ise­
ful ton miles of W0 1·k."
]n May 1943, at th e request of the United
Slate:<. a "Pac ific F erry" of th e ai r fOl'ce wa~
establhmed. This ferri ed bombe rs, flying boaH
and transport aircr aft from the Ame r ican
mainland lind Hawa ii to New Zealand. Up
through 1 July 1945 211 aircrflfl we re Hown
to Nc\<,' Zealand without loss.
It is impo rtant to recall Ihllt while conduct-
ing active com ba t opera tions aga ins t the Japa-
nese, New Zealand continued to meet full com·
mitments und e r the Bri tish Commonwealth Air
Training Progra m. Under th e scheme. some
7,500 New Zealande rs went to the various
fighting wil es and 1 1,500 Ildditional were full
'lr partly trained for avia tion dutie!l in New
Zealand.
10. C(mdMitlll .~ (A Sum»l/dioll) . T he
kNZA .... which co nsisted of li ttle mOl'e than a
training orgll.n iZljtiOll a t t he ti me of Penri
liarb:)r. made the following contributions to
the defeat of I n])a n:
( i) Built np. w ith t he aid of ~UI)plies prj·
madly from the Un ited S tates, ,\H air force
cllpable o f both o ffe nsive and defensive oper'l.
lion ~ in th e Paci fic.
(ii) Contribute d to t he gaining of Allied air
~uPn-:mltcy in the Solomon Isla nds campaign,
which hilited th e Ja panese " dVa nce enstward.
. (iii) Aided the Alli ed offensive culminating
In the Cal)ture of the P h ilippine Islllnds by
keepi ng under co nstant a ir attack targets in
areas bYl)as.~ed or neutra li zed in the rapid ad-
vance of the 01ll;n Alli ed gl'Ound forces.
11
\il') Met its full commitmell~ under t he
British Commonwealth Air Training Program,
sending some 7.500 pilots and aire l'ew mem-
bers from the Dominion to the various ligh t ing
zones.
II. StutilftiC8,
IV. O pera tions of lhe Royal Nethe rl a nd s
Eas t Indies Ai r Forces
]. Orgulliulli01I and Background. The Net h.
erlllnds East Indies GoveJ' nment began bu il d-
ing both an Army and a Na \'al ai r force after
World \\'a)' ] when it became appa rent that
air power provided an excellent means of link-
ing together and defending its lICattered island
domain. The Army Air Force had headquar-
ters at eandoeng lind t he Naval Air Arm cen-
tered. its IIct ivities lit Soerabaja, with Hying
boat bases located throughout the islands.
Both forces at the time of the Nazi invlIsion
of the Netherlands were equiPI)(!{i mostly with
Dutch . built Fokker and Germ!\n-built Dornier
aircI'aft for wh ich no fu rther s pa n! parts cou ld
be obtllined from Eu rope.
Some of the personnel of the Netherlands
Air Force escaping to England were sent to
the NI~I to s t rengthen defenses against s pos-
sible .Japanese attack. A procureme nt mission
came to the United States to secu re a ircraft
for re-C(lui pping the ail' forces, a nd in 1940
an unomcial "American mill8ion" of 12 pilob
wenl to the Indies to instr uct Na,'al flying
cadets. During lute 1940 and HJ4 1 de li ve r iCl!
of CAtalina Aying boa ts and P~36 fighters be-
gan to re!lch J al's.
2. DI'/ellse of the Indies. By Deeem bel' 19<11
the Army Air Force had II strengt h of more
than 300 aircraft, while the Nllva l Ail' F orce
had 75--100 lo ng-runge flying boats. Many of
these aircraft were obsolete, Th e N E[ Airw llys
( KN] LM) wall operating a fleet of IIpprox i_
mately 20 modern Amer ica n-buil t t ra ns port
planes, Wit h in a few hours of the !lews of th e
 5
6. t:onc/u8ion8. Th e R NEJA F accomplished during the Allied offensive of 1!),13----45 .
. ,. Admiral C. I~. h Helfri ch tlIe following in th e wa r against J apan: 01') Performed valuable long-range pa trol
April 1!)·12 .. \ ICC- find of all Dutch air, sea (I) Inflicted attrition o n t he J apanese air, duly in the Indian Ocean thro ughou t t he wa r .
tt ck on Pearl 11&rOOr, Go\'ernOr
Japan~ a ~ L Tjarda. \'an Slarkenbor,gh WfiS placed In c~mm 'ar East and a 12_man ... and land forces dur in g the Ma layan and 6. Stlltislics. Detailed statis\ics on the ac-
~neral .~. .' the Batllvja radIO: and land forces J\\ thc f ~I k and Maj
. I d d by Or. Van" 00 . l'lEI campaigns of 1942. tivities of the RNE IAF duri ng the P acific War
Staehouwer anno~nc~ ~\'~ast Indies gOl/ern- delegatloJ) lea I'
L H \'rm Oyen, comman J\\g
d' officer of
. (Ii) Reo rganized. with t he lIid of the United arc lacking, although it is known that severnl
:~~ 8~~:;:S ~~ :~II~~n~ a~? take~ up IIrm~ Gen. . . .' d in the Umted
the ..... rmy Air p'Ol'ce, all'lve . Dutcn pilots States. both the Army ,Ind :;./"al'al air fOl'ce~ thousand sorties were flown and nu merous vic_

llgain,t he Jalllln:S:/d:~:~r~\ltch aircraft lind State$ to discu~s n pla~1 t? tr~~ooIS were or. ",.hich p ractically were wi ped out in the llbol"e tories scored in ai,. combat. The early records
in the Cnited State~. P Ylllg d J ck campaigns. were lost in the el'acllation of tne NEi, and at
Dunn~ the nex" ", I' d to han?
. . the Pacific Calm/) ganizcd at Fort Leavenworth, Ka;4'? a~he ~rs; (iii) Aided in the mopp ing u p lind neutrali- leilst II part of lllter operations are included
~lIbm~~~es 1'~king II day of ,'sriolls types of ~on Miss .• and in September 1 - zation of areas of Japan ese ~t re n glh bypassed in the statis'tics of the RAA F.
a\'el1lll~ .8 S.' mo~t modern lighters of ~ la;s 'of :-<EI ail' cadets was graduated: ,
enemy S~11)Pll1g· The . t to Singnpore.
th A~' Air force were sen A ;;ccond ChillS of 130 was graduated In ~ eb­ T... al.E No. L---SUnlmory ~I allied oi,. .florts aga;N~t JapaN
e. r '.he Saval flying boats and the Army ruary I !)~:l. The importance which the Dutc~ " 0..-. .... 11U, _ L.... " ••,,' 19111
I~dn~~
an ,~a\)
. b,'.., in~\.a.\lstions without adequate
oA
attached to air power is illustrated by t~~ f~~
fighter p-<}tection. I d that Queen Wilhelmina conferred the r.llh~l1 e '*ttl ... Bomb '"n"."" ~-
'Ile><. ond I'robobla)
. 1949 the Japane:;e ;1I\,I\(e Willemsorde, highcst NEI milit~r?' decorat~on.

.. ,"...... I r ....n'
On l( J anuar~ - k "I1St ,',,«01 1'·",,"·
h KE: with 1\ two-pronged attl\e agm. on all Army and Navy pilots trallllng at Umted T""I 1 or:~1 T ... I 1 "r,...1 T ... I .f ..... l

!h: "jul oil island of Tarakan ,off the east States bases. .,,, ..." .--.. U~.815 100." "'.1" "0.00 ' •. 101 100."
,U, II.':U I ,.....
OOllst of Borneo and at Minaha!lSll Il1 tbe north- 4. Retu m to til e Fight. A small nu~ber of
U&l. ...... .
"'.'" M .O::; :,11.869
'.'" I'.S!I~ I ').11

ern Celd>es. Long-range bombers of the Naval Dutch pilots had been operating against the
U.B. ' .... T .nd M. '·' .... (L.an ...". ..... ' .
U.s. N ... . nd " ..in. (C ...,."
191.i98
",0.41'
".M
0<4.26
M.OM
".'01 , I ....
2.016
11."
2....
,"
••• 9<
),,"16 .....
lI.a

....•••• ••
'.J>
..
~,

'" ••'"
A" Fo,"ce attacked the in"asion forces and ..... r{8EA .Ia) 1,..11 • 31.1l:t1
Japanese Hincc eady 1942 from nOl·th~rn A~ls,
la~r in1ieted heavy l~se$ from 23-36 January -, ns.-: • ,•• ." 1.3,

.. ..•
~, ~.U. ~

".1' • ,." "7 ' .r.

on a Japancse con'-oy passing through Macas-
sar Strliit. On 3 February, howe,·cr. a force
of 80 Japanese bombers blasted the hea~qUar­
ter~ of the Nasal Air Force at SoeTllbaJa and
all air facilities within 125 miles of the base,
ClIusin~ l(l$$es and considel'lIble damage ..
Java "'as in\'aded on 28 February after. the
Japanl'Se naval "ictory over the combllled
DuUh Australian and American fleet, and on
6 Ma~h the NEI capital, Rata,·ill. was e\~Cll­
aled. )n 9 March Hubertu$ Van Mook. LIeu-
tenant GowTIlor General. arril"ed by air in
Adelaicle "from the last strip of runway anlil-
able." Fourteen transpOrt plane!! of KNILM
e\"Bcuded other key l)I)r30nnel to Australia.
Se..eral hundred Duten flying cadets el"acuated
in trainers, &ailing boats and other makeshift
mearu. and arrived piecemeal in Australia dur-
ing t1e 'following month.
Tilt last Naval Air Rage remaining in Duteh
hand>. Tjiiatjap. 11'811 evacuated by si)( officers
and :9 aircrew and servicing personnel who
flew 'our damaged Catalina ft~'ing boats to the
Britiw isl_d of Ceylon in the Indian Ocean.
Five other Catalin811 which were flown to Aus-
traUl ~ a 3.100-mile nonstop IIight to Cey-
lon tJ join the Tji\atjap unit. Aaide from this
BIIIIli {oue. which patrolled the Indian Ocean
for !he rest of the war. the RNE IAF were at
this time without a .ingle combat plane.
t'. ReorgollizatiQR ill Uw l'Rited Slal~$. In
tnliia as part of General MacArthur s Alh ed
.. '"
• 8.01.
Air Forces. For administrative purposeS th e~
n._ ... ~. ("·,Ch ln·A,",,. eo"", Wln,,1
11 .......... 1' •.
21 ....
3GO
I.~'
•• ,
•.736
;182
." •• = ' 1.1.
."
were attached to the RAAF, and t~ey pla~'e ".ElAI' .• ( .<1,,<1«1 in 0'" In RAA!')
a part in the air battles over DarwlIl. Du,n ng PlIIl,IpI ....... ((; • • •• 11."..)
1943. as newly-trained pilots and Amer.JC~II­
built B-25 "Mitchell" bombeJ's began arnv lIl!l
from the United States. the Dutch operation ...
were e)(panded.
Bombers lIown by Dutch pilots attacked tar·
gets in Timor on 30 different occasions dur ill~
19.13. In July of that year Dutch pil~ts 1~1
an Allied attack against Soerabaja. TheJr miS'
sion was to aid the Australians in attack ing
target>! on General MacArthur's western flank.
and at Ilirious time!! they raided Kai, the T ro-
briands and target.:! in western New Guinea.
Ouring February 1!)44 tne final grou P of
NE[ pilots trained in the United Staws left
for the Pacific. Naval Air Force bombers in
Ceylon. that !!lime month, attacked targets ill
Burma. In July 1!)44 the first NglAF squad·
ron to operate on Dutch soil since 1!)42 beg a ll
attacking targets in southern New Guin ea.
Like the Australian and New Zeala nd !lir
forces the Duteh received the ass ignm ent of
assisting the groond forces in mOI)ping-up b."
pa!l.~ed areas of Jllpanese strength and of keel~
inrr others pennanently neutralized by IIiI' al '
tack while the Allied offensive rolled closer t~
Jal)an. Ther performed this duty s uccessful l.'·
until the Japanese surrender in 1!)45.
IS
12
 5 F.QUIPMI:NT mYISION Mooo, Vehicle. ond T.nko Branch
Eleclric.1 B"Hl<h 77 Germa" Motor Vehicle. Industry Report
STRATEGIC BOMBING SURVEY 78 Tank Industry Heport
48 Ge.n'~"Electrieal Equipment Industry RCJlOrt
UNITED STATES 79 Daimler Ben. A G, Untertu.khein,. Germany
49 Brown Bove)" et Cle. Mannhei", Kafertnl. Ger·
80 Renault Motor Vehideo Plant. Bill"neourt. Pari.
LIST OF REPORTS
1iO
- "'
Opei..l and I',«i,io,,, Imlrumen, Dro"ch
Optlc~land p"I«:Ioion jnBtrument Indu.try Report
81
82
A~am Opel. Ruue!sheim, Gern,any
Daimler Benz_GngKennU Works. Gall'~nau. Ger·
, h . ,,{ repO'U re$ulting many
Ah,a.i,.~. Branch
TO. !"ILo..itg oi. a bibhograp
d'
)
f Ihe EUT0p"an an
d Patillr 83 Ma..,hinenfabrik Aug.burg-Nurnberg. Nur"be",.
h ..... the S,,"''')'' $IU ,eO " )' be put.hued from 51 The Ge,"man Abra~Ive InduslL'Y Germany
....ro. Certai. of th_ "'pOrta m~ at the Go.ernm~nt 52 Mnyer and &hml~t, Offe~lmeh on Main, Germany 8~ Auto Union A G. Chemnih and Zwicka .. , Ger·
the Suporint. n<k'nt of Oo<urnen m"ny
Print;nl Of!l<e. wuhington. D. C. An,i.F,i",,,,, Uranch 85 Hen""hel <Ii: Soh", K" ...... I. Ger",any
&,1 The Gern",n Anti·Frlctio" Bearings Industry 86 Maylmch Motor Worh. Priedrich. haren. Ger·
n Al:'~~~iumwe<k G III h H. j'lanl No. ~, Bitter_ many
"'behin. Tools Rron<h
G::!~~d~~~~~:'ni G~r·
87 Voigtlander. M"..hinenfabrik A G. Plauen. Ger·
G m h H. 1.udwi)(sh"fc". 54 Ml\Chin~ Tools & Machi nery as Capillli ';quipn'ent manr
56 Mllchine Tool Indu'Iry in Germany 88 Yo1kswa~nwerke. '-allcrsleben, Germany
) HICE O f ref. CH AIRMAN many . . I 1\ F 'icdrich<h"f('n
&6 Henru," Kolh Co, Cologne. Ger",any
Luf\.$Chifftau 7..ePl,ehn Gill' . , 89 Bussing NAG. Bruns wick. Germany
on BOOen.e<!, Germany 57 Collet and Engelhard, Offenhach. Germany tlO Mueh!enbau Indushie A G (MiaII') Brun. wi~k.
Wi.land Werke A G. Ulm. Germany . r r.s Nax"," Union. Fra"kfol'\ on Main. Germany GermanI'
Rudolph Raulenbaeh Lciehmcta\lgie1<M're,.'" So "'- 91 Friedrich KrUPl' Gru""nwerk~, Magdehurg. Ger-
gen. Germn n ) · . _" k' A CO MILITARY ANA LYS IS I)IYISION many
Lippewerkc Vercin'l\"tc :luml1"umwet l "
28 511 The Defeat of th~ Gteman Air Force Sub",..rine Bro""h
Lunen, Germany . Ileddel'"he im . GO V-Weapon s (C, ...... oow) Gaml,,,ign
Vereinigte Deut..,he )Iclallwerkc, ~t Germ .. n Submarine Industr)· Heport
61 Air Force Rale of Operatio" 93 Ma.chlnenfabrik AupbuTlt_Nurnbe<1!; A C. Aug~ -
AIRCRAfT l)IV1SION Germany ", ren Wittenau (;~ Weather FdrtorB in Comlmt Uom~~"d))\enl Oper_
Duer,ner Metallwerke A G, burg, Germany
atio'" in the European Theatre 94 Blohm and Va •• Ship!"ard •. Hambu/1C. GermRn)'
(}I~ Divi.ion and IItanoh) Rerlin & Wanen, Germany
61 Bomb;"1\" Accurncy, USAAF Heavy a"d ~I!!dium 95 Deutschewerke A G. Kiel. German)' _
Aircroft Diy;.ion Industry, Report
ino"",,"ion Vi.i\. ,0 V~T10U' Tatl!:etII
(S!",,,,,,,,I Allb\. STUD IES DIY ISION Bomber" In the ETO
M Description of RAF Bom bing
!Hl Deut""he Schiff und M"""hinenbau. B ... men. Ger-
many
Ikra rt )
~~ ;"~;e!ti~~e;t~;~:·!~,~~~er;O<ts of A,.." 1I0mloin~
fi la The Impact of the Allied Air Elfort on Gcrman 97 Friedrich Krupp Germania".erft, Kiel, Germllny
A'ti ....- . 8t&nCh Logistics 98 Hownldtswerke A G, Ha",burg. Germany
on lIam~urg . B I· ' 99 Submarine A""" mblr Shelter. Farge. Ger"'~nr
6 Junk'''' Aircraft and Aero !':"lI"inc Worh. D",,- A Delail"" Study of the Effl«:lS of A.eu om "n ~ MORALE DIVISION 100 B,'erner Vulkan, Vegesaek. Germany
.... Gi!m>any , . m b II. lIeitcrblick . on Wuppertal "
Th~
t:rbo M....,hinen"'.,ke " A Detailed Study of Ihe EffeeU of A rea iloOlI"'"
6110 Effl«:u of Strategic Ro",bing on German
Mo,."le (Vol I &; Vol II)
0«1",,,,,,
Bnt"'h
G, rmany ,_' . (Mo< on DU8seidorf 101 Ordnance Industry lIeJlOrt
8 A T G M ... hinenb.... G m b H .....'1Yt11/: -.
~~ ,\ Detailed S~ucl)' of 1\'" Elrect~ of Arc" llo"'\)'" " ~ltd' ...1 U... O>Cl, 102 f'riedrich Krupp Cr .. sonwcrke A G. Magdeburg-,
ktu)". G<!nnany Germany
9 001.'." W.gg<>nfabri~. A G. Goln..., German)' on Solingen ,
A Detailed S~udy or the ':ff~,<b of A,..,,, 1lo",ln"o
(,5 The Elf""" of RomLI"g on Health Rnd Medi<fl1
103 Boohumcr Vercin fuer Gu ... tRhlfabrikRtion A (;.
10 Fo<'e Wulf Aircraft Plant. BT.m~n. Germany Cllre in Ger",a"y
on R.",,,,,hcid R""hum, G~nnany
IO.e,.~n R~pOrt A lJew.Iled Study of the ~:Il"e<:ta of ArC" Il<>mhin ~ 104 Hen!!Chd <Ii: Sohn. Kusel, Gennany
37 MUNITIONS I)IYISION
!I M..... ,.,..hmitt A G. )Part A 105 Rhe;mnctall.Borolg. Du.".,ldorf. Germany
on Da,·"'~tadt • H .... vf IRdu >t'l' a.... neh
a8 A !)elailed S t udy "f ~he Eff~,<I" ,,( Are" Bombi n"
}...... bulll. Gtnnany \ part 8 106 liermann Goering Werke. BrRunllChweig_ Hall"".
Appondice. I. II. !II 00 The Coking Industry lIepo't on Germa"y
0" !.u'-k dorf. Germany
G7 Coking Plant lIeport No. I. Seelio"o A. II. C.
I~ no ..."" Wor ..... hiedri<ohohaf~" ok Munieh. Ger- A B"ief Study "f the ,:ff<'Cb of Arca UOlnbing 61 107 Unn"overi..,he i'tIasciolnenbau. Hanover. Germa")'
-.,
13 Gtrurd FiMler W~rk~ (,; m b H. Kauel, Gnmany
Berlin. Aupbur..:. lw"hun,. l.eipz,g, Il a)("I1
nortmund. Oherhau""n. S<hwelnfurt. an'
6!1
~y
kD
Gu tenno/f"u"gshuctte, Oberhausen. German)'
Fried rich -Al fred Huctte. Rhd"hau..,n. Germany
108 Gu ... tahlfllhrik Friedrich Krupp. E_n, Gcrmul'

It WeM' NeUlaedt<'t Flu'l't'!"lIw~.k •. Wiener Ne,.· !Jr.m"n '0 Neunkirehen Ei..,nwcrke A G, Ntunkirehen. Ger. OIL Dl YISION
<I.&dI.. A".ria Ger"'''ny 109 Oil Divi.ion, Pinal Report
CIVI LI AN Df.F~NS.: Il\VI SION 71 Reich.werke Henna"" Goering A G. Hallendorf. 110 Oil Division, ,'inal neport. Appendix
....... &r.prin 8<&adI ~O Ci,ilian Der."",, Oi.;.iol1·- Finnl i!ei>O,·t Germany III Powder. ExplOllivcs_ S""",ial R""ketl and Jet Pro ·
7~ AUll'uat Thy ..... " Uncllc A G. 1IJ1",born, Ge"man)'
1& B""1lIIi NAG nup>oto •• n .... '·ke (; m' b II. ~I C-ologn" Field HellOrl pellan,", War C • ..,. and Sm"k" Acid (Mini.I ....
Bnm••id., c..rmany 73 Friedrich KruPI' A G, Borbe<::k Plant, 1':_". rial ReJlOrt # I)
12 Bonn ,';"Id RellOrl Germany
16 llinel-Ileut.<h. Moto ..m ..... ke (; m b H. Taueha.
Genuny
lI anQvu Field RCJlO,'t
Hamburg ~'ield l{epo"I -Vol I, Text; Vol 11
74 Dortmund !lOCL'der lluelte!lverein. A G. Dort·
mund. Germany
112 Underground
Germnny '"' '"
DI.per ... t I'lanu Greater

11 Banri.n Motor Works Inc. Ei..,nlKh ok Oune.·

hof. c.. ....... nJ
':xhibil;'
Uad Old~.!"" ,'icld 1I"IO<)rt
Hoesch A G, Dortmund, Ger",an)'
Boohumer Vercin fuer GUS'lah lfaLrihtioll A G,
lIa ", Gennan Oil Industry. Ministerial Hepo"t
Team 18
18 Ba,woe!>. Motor~nw .. ke A G OIMW) Munich.
.."...,
It lIemchti FI~",nwe'ke. K""...1. G........ ny
"4lJ Aupburg Field lIeport
47 H"",eplion Ar ... , in Bdvnr'a. Ge ... n~"y
Boehum, German)' 114 Ministerial Report on Chemical.

15
14
 'li<helin T ire FnelOr)', Clermonl-t·e,· ..""I. ~'rn "c c PHYSICAL DAMAGE D1VISION_ (Con.,)
146 f.CONQMIC STUDIES
0,1 Ih.~{h E"gin~ .·fic\or)·, I", ~I A" ••

'"
Amno",.k ..-••\". )!~."hu.1t (; ,~ b 1\, LcUnB.
c;,.tman)·-~ ."Vl'I'ndirea
B", ... kohle lI<·n.in A G. 7.·,U ~",I Bohl.n, GN-
,..
U; Gnome ..t Rbone Aero
France ' '11~ I, G~ '
KUK"I!\schu Bellrin!!" Ball Plm't. f, ~ .. ~c -
mllnr
,
196
IN
Ii?
Roundhou ..... in MaTllhalling Yard. VIm. Germ a ny
I G Farbenduotrie, Leverku "..,n, German )"
Chemitche-Werkc. Hutl. , German)" I~
"'i"roft Oivi"""
The J.pao..-e Ail'Crdt Induatry

'" m,",. ,n. ,. .

l.u,I~'ill".hr.n'()I'I"U 1I'0r'" nr
, (.
W I rmall A (" I .. ul;.,,,Io.r. GorlIl&n)
,a
F rb<onin
-
I-Ill
Ai...,rafl I'lani. Toulou.~. Frnnce
I.oui~ Br~I!"""t
S_"CA S. E. Ai...,.art I'lant. Toulou ... ,
I.
I"
Grtmberg Mal'1lhalling Vard, Grem"" rg. Germa n)"
Loo::omo"~e Shop-' and Brid~ ft t Ha mm. Ger-
III MIt . ub,.lIi 1Ieavy loo",lri", LId..
Cn.."..,.. c'''. «opo., No. I
Qu,tn•.\ \;, l.1l<l"'I,bar,·n, (;,·m .. n~
n~h""" 1I)'df'Oll:"n.. tl"" I'I .. n" n,,,, ... ,I'""Bo)·, G,
"" r,."nc.·
A. I. A, Airccafl PI"nl, Toulon.t. Fr.. n< ~
many Ufitanbi. hi Jukoeyo "K)
(Airfra"," " Eng,_)
'" ..... ny. Yol I. \"01 II '"
1~2 ,-.\\" .... pol<O;n 1.o11,lon TRANSPORTATION DIVISION 17 ;o;. k.. j ima AIl'Crarl Corapany. LlIL
('",po",,!;o. R oport No. 1/
;11l P.M,ania 0....: 11,,,,-,..1.,..1" 15~ City Ar .... of I-I:ffr~J,! 200 Th.. EII"~"" of Sluteg;c, 8ombin(( on Gertnan
Rdi .... ry. lI"mlou~, \;,·r)n .. ,.,. Puhl;c, A,r Raid Shell~r. ill (:",ma n )' ( Na kajim. Hi)<ok, KK)
Tun'pOrtatio"
120 Rbcruia 0_ .. l1"",.-.I""h""ke _\ (;. (;,8,1,,_ '" (;oIMn""rg Tn.r"",1 f:Ie<:lrio Power Stnh oll 21)1_ Rail O~ration. Over Ihe Brenn.. r Pa.. ( "'i ~t.-._ " E•• " ..... )

It I
Rdlno!")·. Ibmhury. (:~",,~n1
Rhe,."i. 0 ..... ~11t" ..... ,... I... rk. \ I;. 11,lh.-lm'"
'" I-I:naVS*"k. Germany
8 ... uw~iln T.-.n.fOnn<'r I< Switchi,,!!" S \a t i~ "
m .'!f~I. of Bombing on Ra ilroad In,ta ll. tion. in
negenlburg. Nurn""rg aad ~Iunich Divi , ]on.
18 Ka ,,·a ni. hl Ai ,.,,,,ft Company
('",-port,, ;",. R ~ ,1Or1 loie. II/
h..." n.. ~n~ry, lIan.'·"''', (:"tm.,,)" Rrau ... "iler. G.. rman)' 2tI3 G.rman Loeomotiv .. Industry Dnrinll" th .. War (K a wani,,),i Koiruiti K.bu~hilti Ka'. ha)
(;.,,,·,,,,,,,,,·h.aft \'",1 c •• nO!'" n,· ••1. G,·m,.")·. 157 SlOta,e D<opot. "ahhollefib.. ch. (;",ma"~ :!(U German l!ilitary Railroad T",ffic ( Ain ...""",)
Y,I I " \'01 II nail"'n~' and Ro.,,1 B,id",,·. 8a,1 \lun.l"r. Ge, '· I~ Ka w.oaki A'..,rart Indu ...'''' Company, I"..
12'1 Eut,pa~ilciM' Ta"lda~l
lIunh"t ... GeT""""
'" III&n)'
Rail ...a)' Bncl" •. Ellet, (;~rrna"l'
UTILITIES DIVISION !,""
Co..".. .... R."....t N". II'
(h:awa.ki Kokuki Kocyo Kabushiki
1::1,,'0 A'I,".I< w,·,k.· _\ (;, lI.rl,urll" U.fi,,"!")', 206 German Electric: Ulilili"" Indllolry Heport
Gu,t1olf.\\'etk~ Weimar. Weimllt, Gel'll,a")' Kaioha)
!!06 I to 10 in Vol I "Utiliti"" Divi,ion Plant Re-
Ihmhury. Guman)' lIen""h,,1 ol Sohn G m b II, h:u ... l, Germ~n,' (Airfram ... " EnJi ..... )
I],,"..-k Rh."'I' .. ·~_n ;;)"tlodi, Ill! l'l~nl \',,1 POrts"
Area SUT"e)' at I'irma..,n", German,-
~07 II to 20 in Vol n "Utilities Divioion Plam He_ 20 Aleh ! Ai..,r. ft Compa a)"
I Ie Yol 11 Hanomlll'. lIun,wer, Germ"n)- porta" Cor"" .... I;o~ Ho""r ! No. I'
\1 A " Werh ,\ul!",burl(, __\ulI",but.c. Gp,'''''''')' (Aichi KokuKo KK)
Kui>h<, U,.n,h 20B 21 Rheini"'he-W~.tfal;""he Eleklri.iloel!!wcrk ...
Fr;e<lrich !\rul'l' ,\ I:. E.""". Germ"",'
I~'; I)o"""h,· l)u"I,,1' {;ummi (' ., 11"",,,u nn ~h,," t:rla Ms"'hinenwerke. (; '" b II. Ikiterlolick, (; p,'
C (Air''''''" " Eniinea )
G"m,,,')· Pacific \Va. 21 Sum,tomo Melal Industr .... , Pl"Opeller Di~ision
man)'
IH (·'m1i"'· ......1 l;u",m'''',·'I.,', 110"""" 1;.... """'1' COI"j)()r"lio~ Ro"".! No. VI
I';; _\ T G Ma,d,i""nl",,, (; ," 10 II, ~I",:kau. G,'rn,u ,,)" OFFICE OF TH [ " HArRMAN
128 lIu,~, $;)'nlh!"lte nubh"r l'lnn' (Sumito""o Ki"oolm KC>R"YO KK. Puropera
f:rl" ~Ia""hin~" ...etk,· (; no b 11. \!oekou, Ge,.,na " )"
!2!' \li"'le.i~1 nol'<1I'( onG .... n'''n 1t"I,I.. , 1,,.lu.I'~'
1',,,,,,,11'0" llra ....h '""
If,V
170
B~yeri .. he Mot,,'..,n""·rk~, i)urrorhor. Go"''''''')'
~!ittel-neul""~" ~lol"'~nwerke G m h 11. Tnuch .
.,
Summary 1!eport (Pacifie War)
J OI'8"'5 Struggle to End The War
Seizotlto)
(I'ropelle ro)
J:lij ~:leltrod("ni""h ..... rl.~, ~Iun,cl, li,·,mH")'
Gern ..",)' •
a The E!feel!! of Atomie 80mbs on Hirmhl"'a and 2~ II llachl Ai..,r~fl Compan)"
ru S<h.. ne..... k .:xplo.,~e I'I~"'. 1.i~'1OM! ;;p .. ,,,~.I,,1f Nagaaaki
17! l;ubmarin~ I'~O" ]')"llt""h,· Ih,-fl. 11"",,,,,,,((. (;,.,- Co>rporRl,,, .. R.porc No. VII
I\erk~ (i m b II. n,,,1 Sal,,'mr". (:,·.m.",-
",any (mt""h, KokWli KK)
l"~ PI.,\> or 1I)·".mit .\ I;. \"(>,mal. ,\If ... d ;0;01001 " CIVILIAN STUDIES
{'" Tto,od", f. (', Ihal U,umawl Mml 1)U!(~- 17~ ~lulli_Slori~~! St .... tu.e •• 1Inmbury. (;~r"'nn) (Airtramea" Engin",,)
Civjj;an 0.1.".., Oivi<ion
"'I'll. I;,·,.,.,an)'
Ii ra 10 II. K""i>ut"K"_
IT:;
I,~
Co"linental Gummiwcrkc. 1Innovcr, Gern'a")'
1-1:0"'.,1 ~Ia",hallin/(" Yatd", ",,_I. (;erman)" 4 ~'ield Report Covering Air Ibid Protection a nd
2.1 J~pan I nl"r na\'o,,,,1 Air I.. d"nries, l.td.
C ....poro.liu 11. __ , No. VIII
[).\t .. h~ !'p... r'Jf<' ..... '
(.'''''''01' 175 _\mmoniawerke. }le",ehutp:-[..('una. Ger"",n) Allie<! Subjeel!!, Tokyo. Japan (Nippon Kok .... ' Koku K<IIl:,.., KK)
17,; R"""'n Boveri '" Ci,', ll."nheim. "are,ta!. (: •. , 6 ~'ie!d Report Covering Air Raid Pl"Otec((o" ~"d (Airframel)
O\',k .. \LL Ho:\(n'l( IllHl'~ IlI\NO:\
0." al· t:oonom" EII"""t~ Jll.,... 'n R"port
177
I,ll
man)'
Adam Opel A (i. HU''''bhNn', G~,n'8n,-
Daimler_Beno.\ G. !;nlctturkMim. Ge rn,,,')'
Allie<! Subjeel., Naga.. ki, J a pan
6 .·ielcl Report Covering Air Raid Proleclion and
AllIed Subjects, Kyoto. Japan
....,
2~ Japan MllIie.. 1 1", lrun,. m Ma~uf.. t""in8" Com.

('o . ""ral". Rtpo>r! No. IX

(ro. :-;al"",.1 l't,"I(K' SI>«!a1 pa PI' • 7 Field Report Co~.ring Air R.id Protection aad
~ n..~iII.. rldtl'-
Ih'rmall" (; ... rb\II II ,orb
l
wllklllOJt"lh'J
'''''pri. ' th'
17~
I~U
I~I
Yalentin Suhmarine A."",m\>lt. ~'arll't'. G.·man)
Yolh"8"1<''"'',·rh. ~· .. lI~ ..ltl ...". C",rmRn)
Ra,I"'a)' ,",adu,", al llid,·f~ld. Germany
Allied Subj .... t.. "0"'" Japan
8 Fi~ld Report Coveting AIr Ra id Prol«"lion and
(NinOn Gakld Seiro KK)
(Pl"Opoll.. n)
r~ and Atrrieultu ... I
"",",- t~port
.nd 1',<><Iuo'ivit)
1M2 $;hip '·a.d, lIowaldu ...·er~c, lI a ,nbut((, ti"rm a") Allied Subjeeta, Osaka. Japan
2$ T""hih_ Ai.., ..!1 Compa"l'
Co. "".... h ... Hopo>.t N •. X
lIS;, II10hm and ,-" .. $;h'I'l",.d ., lIamlourg. Ge ",an) 8 ."eld Reporl Covering Air Raid I'l"Ote<:lion a nd (T.. b'kawa lJikoki K")
III~ .[)aim;,-,·-Jl.",. __\ G. \In""h."n. f"'rman} Allied Subj ....... H il"OAhima, J a pan-No. I (Alrf.. _ )
I'lU,I(.\ll)\M\(,II)I\·r'I():\ I~.'> S)'nlhH,e Oil Plan\. \I.·~rh.,ddlamhur ... (:c r 10 SUmmar)" Report Covering Air Raid Prol""lion 26 t'uJ, Airplane Compan)'
","nj- .ad Allied Subj""ta in Japan Cor".. .... I,·•• Htpo>.! No. XI
I:W, I'!>v.,oal UatJt&.ll:e ])" .. im· 1l"l"'ri It:Tll,
III'; (;""-erk..,bafl '·;ewl. Chllo]>-](nu","" Germa,,)' II Pinal Ropor\ Co~ering Air Raid I'rol""tion and (.'uji Hi.o~i KK)
\:j6 \',iaooublay ALrdrnrnc, I'_ti .. r ... " ..
lij; KI,,,,I.n,·r lIuonl.,I<ll !)cUl~. l'lm. G('fman)" Allied Subj..,to in Japan (A,.f ... mea)
I:W R.. lt,,,,d 1I~I,a" \'''rdo, llah" ... 1M.. ",,,,
137 R",I"",d R"I'"" l~td., [..,,,,·,,1,, Il.o-~ium I~~ nuh ..",] 1I)"<1",!(,'nation l'I~',t. lI"II",,,-11<:oy. t :er
Medical Divi.ion 27 Showa Alrpl. n.. Compant
I::~ RaiI"",,1 Uopai, \,»,.,bt, II~ .... I\, ll<-\Jt:w",
1:1:, H..ih""J R~p~" Yo,,!. .."~,, .. , IM.c'",,' I~~' :-;~uki",ht" .;i",n",,·rke .\ I;. )I;,·uki,-(']"''' , Ger 12 The .'If""t.IinofJapan
Servic~.
BambinI!" on lIeallh ~"d Me<lical Corpora!!o. Report No. XI/
(Show. lIlk<>-k,i K""yo Kit)
Hit S,.,mu",.. 1'"", n,,·,(. F,~,,," ma"y
141 l'(OI'd" l'ln"l. ,\"Koull·",,", F,,,,,<~ WU Hail..-a)· \";,,,Iuol at Alk"l~..,kc". (icl'l'''''') I.' Th .. ElI"tct. of Alom,c Bomb. 0" Health "".I (Ai.rt.m •• )
Mtdi.al S~rvice~ In Hiroshima ~"d Na/("ltl.kl 28 hhih .... ajln' .. AIr" •• l t lnclu.lri"" Co ..,..,,)", l.t.<!.
It~ 1',,",lr' I'IQl1I. n",~,,,,,·. hu,,,',' I~I Itnilwn~ \'induc\ ," ,\,·n.lou,·". (;trmnny
Cor"" ... ';". R."".t No. XUI
Il~ C""inK I'll"" .. ~1"",I'K"t &. l.iN(~. Iklg,,,m In ]")eurnll"-)<'I<,,'~(( R,·H"eric •. MI,lou"I!", Gtr",,," ,' Morale Divi sion (hhik/twajima Koku ~ Kabulhiki
In'l Fir .. lI"i<l. on (:cnna" ('ill".
!U f',n~, ilia' .. ' \,,,,,1",, C"''''I', 'Io·t., FrIO"'" 14 The F;tre-cl. of Strate((i. Ilombin.c 0" JUl'''" .... ]{ai,lta)
IIl~ I (; F""I~'''i",h''t,i<- !.",lwi~,iI"f"". (;"r"' '''')'
'IG Ii,,,",,,., 111,,,". l.in"'Il'" Fn,.·", Mor~le ( £nrl,*,'
\,~II&VQlli
 MILIT AHY STUDIES-(Con, .) G-l Diy;."",
TI"I.n,po".d"" Divi.;"" N..... I ""ol)·.i. Di~j ,i"n _ ( Con '.)
[caNONIC STUDI ES-(Co'''') M The War Altainst Jap.lItse Tra"l porl.lion . 1941 D, JOI>""""" Miliury .nd Nau LIntelligence
&6 Report of Ship. Som bardment Sur.ey p .. rl)' ( t;". 98 .: vaLuat lon of PhOIOltrallhlc Intcl1irence in Ih"
"ir<nh Ui.;,;.-...(Coq,·)
cl ... ure F), Shimizu A rea
:z9 NiPlDn At."l.ne Co",~ny
i''''l'''''''li.... R.".,rl No. XIV
"" Urban A.... Dj..;,io"
Effect.,; of Air Atta~k on Jap""ese Urban ~o" .
lUI RtpOrl of Ships Bom bardment S"r.~y l'urty ( Io: n.
elosure. G and II ), Shio"omi · S.ki and NoJimM· 99
J lpantR lIomeland. Part I . CO"'P""~""'"'~
Report
LvaLUlllo" of PhotOflraphio InteLlilferIU in th"
(Nippon 1II.000i KIO
(Alrf ...",,'"
" omy (Summ. ry Rcport)
Etreel.s of Ai. Aua.k on Urban Complex Tok)'o- 87
Saki Are.~
Report of Ship. Bombardment Sur.~y I'.rt)' ( 10: ". 100
jppan.... lIomeland. P.rt II. A irfidda
Ev.. lu"llo" of P holoera phio I" tellilfenc:e in th~
30 K)"",hu "Irpla"" Co",~n)'
.~o..,.. .. I;o. Rfp,,,1 No. XI '
" Kawasaki-Yokohama
EIf.. ta of Air Allock on the Cit)" of NOJfOya
cloau ... I). Commenl.s and D.ta on EtrectiYeneu
of Ammunition
J ap.nMe 1I0ml'Iand, Part III . Co ... ,...If<i 8_11
Pl<tth~,
(Ky""'u Hikolc l 10'1 EII'..u of Air Attock on O.. k.o_Kobe-Kyoto 88 R..... rt of Shi p, Bombardment Survey p .. rt)' (En- 101 "valu.. lion of Photocraphic I nlelLi~nee in the
(Airfram") £trf'C:ts of Air Attack on Ihe City of Nakaeaki el.,.ure J ). Comments .nd D.. t. on Accuracy of J apanese 1I 0ml'land, P.. rt IV, U ...... A nti
31 Shoda En';""'ri .... Com~nr EII't<"1.s of Ai. Atu.~k on Iht City of Hi ..... him. Firing A""I"i.
-:-...."."..1; ... Rt".,rl No. XVI 89 RcporU of Ship. Bombardment Survcy P.rty 10~ 1:: •• I... lion of Photoeraphic I ntdli~ntt in the
(Si>od& Set",k"Jo) MIUTARY STUDIES IEnciosure K ). ElI'ects of Surf.ce Bom"""'- J .. pan..., 1I 0~I .. nd, Pa rt V. CG""'MJIa,~
(Componenu) menu on J ap",,_ War Polenti.l 103 E... l ... tion of P hotocraphio In\elli,enee In t he
32 Mit .... Ai"' ..... fl Indul lr'" Mih",') """I)'''' m.i"""
Ph)·,ic.' Oa .... '" Di,.i,,,,,, J.p ...... 1I0mel.nd. Part VI. S.ipp;",
~or".,,..Ii... R.po" No. XVII 61 Air Fo..eo AHied with the United Slat.. in II",
104 Evaluation of Pho\or raphic Intellirer>ee in the
IMil.. ka Koicu KOjp'(> KabUlhiki Kal. ha) War Ag.inn J.pan· 90 .. trcci of Ihe Incendiary Bomb Attack.r on J .. pan
I I Re .... rt on Eighl Cities) J.pa"ese lIolneL.nd. Pa rt VII , £/~c!,..,.i""
33
lCom".,nenU)
/'Oi ..... Autllmllbile Com~ny
~o,.".,,,,H.. ~ H .....', No. XI'III
62
6.1
&I
J l panese Air Power
Japane.oe Air w.,.po"" and Toct iu
The Efff'C:u of Air Aclion on Japa nel(' Crou".1
9L

9~
The I::ffec ts of Ihe Ten T hou .... nd Pound Bomb on
J.p.nese T.r~ts (Il R.porl on Nine Incident.)
Effccl.s of the Atomio Bom b on lI ira.hima. J .pa"
105 "yolua!ion
Jllp.n ... 1I 0meland. P.rt VIII , B .... e.
of Pho\og"r. ph ic InltlliJ!"enee in the
I>tfdl.i-
H~I .....n Jidooha KK ) Army Logislle.
93 .:trt<"u of Ihe Atomi~ Bomb on N....... ki. J a pan 106 I::valuolion of PholO!rra ph;' IntelliJ!"ence in the
(Enr l "..) 65 Employment of 1"0"'" Under the SOuth .... esl Japlln ... lIomel.nd. Pa rt IX , A rlille~
~4 Ar-my Air ArHn. 1 ... Nuy Air Depou ~, ~:lI'ccU of Ihe F our Thou.and Pound Bomb on
Pa.ifu:: Command
~ .. ,,,.,ra!;OM H."....f No. XIX &6 The Strategic Air Operation. of Very lIea v)' Jap.nese Targets (a llepon on F ive IncidenU) 107 E •• lua tion of Photogra phic I n teL1iren~e in U...
(Alrf"'mu .nd En,.;n.. ) 9S EfI'f'C:to of T .... o Thou",,-nd. One Tho" ... nd. Rnd Ja pan_ Homeland . Part X. 11"",/. ~~,/ 1I"i/_
Bombardment in the War Altain, t J ara"
~5 l.p'n Ai..,raft Under,round ~'ivu lIundred Pound Bombs on J a pa nese Ta r_ rlHld.
(Twentieth Air For~e)
HtP/Jrl No. XX 67 Air Operation. in China, Hurnm. j"dla_ Worl.] geu (a Report on Eighl Ineidento) l OS EvaluatiQn of pholOK,."ph ic Inle Uigil n"", ,n tbe
\'6 A lIe .... rt on Ph)'$iOlll DAmage in J A1'"'' (S u",- J ll pan""" 1l 0 m ~ lllnd, Pa n XI. I~ d '" ! ';dl ,I.·
Ba,i< M ....;.h I)i~i.;.,., War II
68 The Air Tranopon Command in tho War AJ!"Q I,,~, mAry Report) a ll/''-'
:18 Coal . nd Mout. In Japan', War E~onomy
Japan
Capitol Good ... Equipmtn, .nd Co.",,,,,,,ioo l)i.i,ion 69 The Thirl""nth Air ~'orce In Ihe War Apo l".'
37 TheJapaneoe Conll.""tlon Indul tr)" Japan
38 Jlp'n_ EIt<"tri~. 1 Equipment ,0 The Seventh and Elev~nth Air ~-orcea ill Ih e Wu ,
39 TI>e J.potn_ Ma.hine Sulldinr Induot.y Aplnst JlP."
EIK"i. Po •• r Diyi'; .... 71 The Fifth Air FOn:<l in the War A,.iMt J " p."
~O The EIKtrIC PO""' Induat.,. of Japotn Na ..... A... I}".i, Div;';""
U TI>e Electric Powu Indu".,. of Japan (PI.nt 72 The Interrogll'o"" of J.plnCI(' omelaL. ( Vol. I
It!poru) .nd II)
M......-.-. food ..... Ci.ililD Suppl;', Di.i';"" 73 Campai,,,,, of the Pad!le War
42 The J ..... _ Wart,me Stand.'" of 1.lyin... nd ,4 The Red~tion of W. ke hl. nd
UtHi..tlon of Manpow<!r 15 The Allied Campaign, A... ind R. bauL
43 Japo._ War Production IndUl tri ..
44 J.,._ N..... I 01'11"0_
16 Tbe Ameri.,.n Campaign Ap'n.t WOlje, M.L....
lap, Mille, and J.luit (VoL . I, 11 a nd III)
4b J.po_ Army Ordno_ 77 The Reduction of Truk
46 JI,._ N.... I Shipbuildi"..
H Japneooe Motor Vehide IndUlI.,. ,8 The Oll'e""ive Mine LayinK Camp.iJ!"n Apinl '
48 J ...o_ Me..,h.nl Shipbuildin, J . potn
7S ittporU of Shipi Bombardment Su rvey I'.rl),-
Oil .Dd O>tmia.! 1>i.;Uon Fo .......ord, Introduction. Condu . ionl, ."d C~,,·
49 Chomlull In J ..... n·. War eraL Summary
500 CIMmlul1 in Japan'. WI._Appendi~ S(I Report of Ship, Bombardml'nl Survc), P~rt)' (~: n.
51 Oil in J.potn'. Wlr elOlluN A), Kom.i,hi Arta
~2 Oil In Japan'. W.r-ApJltn,llx
Report of Ship. Bombardmcnt S",...ey Part y (~: "
0...·011 E_i~ FlfKU Di.;."", dosure B). lI . mamallU Ar~a
63 Th, Eft"ecu of Slral~1c Bombln.. On Japan', WII. Rtportof Shipo 1I0mbardmcnt Survey l'Ilrl )" ( t;"
Economy ( h",ludinr ApJltndb A: Il. S. £<:0. elOllure C), lIit.ohi A,..,.
,,,,,,Ie1"~lUlr"n<~ on Japan __ AnlllYli. and He""rt of Ship, Hombardment SUrYu)" 1',,"1)' 0;"
Com""ri"'''~ Appl:ndix 8: C,·_ National closure DJ, lIakod.te Arell
' roduct on J opa" and It. Component. ; Appell_ I(tport of Ships Ilombardmc"t S\l"v~y Pnrt y ( f;,.
dx C: StaU.U.al Sou-..). ~I ... ure E). MurarBn A"," ,

18
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