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SOLID EXPANSION
SCIENCE OF PHYSIC
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 Learning Objectives

a. describe definition of expansion

b. indicate factors that influence the
amount of expansion
c. describe definition of solids
d. describe kind of solids expansion in
length, area and volume
e. formulate of solid expansion in
length, area and volume
 Expansion
View the animation

What do you think about this animation?????

Why length an object be increase?????
Why the water be spilled????
 Solid
Expansion
View the animation

What do you think about this animation????

Which metal has the greatest length increase??
Why did that happen??
What factors affect the amount of expansion??
 Solid Expansion
Expansion is the process of enlarging the
size of matter / body with constant mass.
Expansion in solid is the process of
enlarging the size of solids with constant
mass.
Expansion in solids there are 3 types of long
expansion (for one dimension), expansion
area (two dimensional) and volume
expansion (for three dimensions).
 E x p a n
nssiioon
n
n e a
LLiinear r E x p a
If a solid object is heated it will expand all directions,
in other words increasing the length of the length of
an object because it receives heat.

ℓ0

Δℓ
ℓt = ℓ0 + Δℓ

ℓt
 Linear Expansion
Different an object that have the same
temperature increase would have a
different length increase. This difference is
due to differences of expansion coefficient.
Expansion coefficient of the length of an
object is the ratio between the added
length to the length of initial body
temperature rises unity can be expressed
mathematically by the following equation.
Δℓ = ℓ0 α ΔT; α =

So, ℓt = ℓ0 + Δℓ
ℓt = ℓ0 + ℓ0 α ΔT
ℓt = ℓ0 (1 + α ΔT)
With :
ℓ0 = the initial lenght of an object (m)
ℓt = the lenght of an object after being heated
(m)
α = lenght expansion coefficient (/K)
ΔT = temperature change (K)
 Area expansion
If an object with a square or circle shape
is heated, it becomes longer in length and
width or radius.
P0

ℓ0 A0=P0 x ℓ0 ΔP=Pt - P0

At = A0 + ΔA
Δℓ=ℓt - ℓ0

At=Pt x ℓt
ΔA= ΔP x Δℓ
ℓt

Pt
Thus, the area of the object will
increase, so the are expansion
coefficient (ß) is double than the
linear expansion coefficient (ß = 2α).
The equestion for the increase in area
of an object is stated below.
ΔA = A0 ß T; ß=

So, At = A0 + ΔA
At = A0 + A0 ß ΔT
At = A0 (1 + ß ΔT)
With :
A0 = the initial area of an object (m2)
At = the area of an object after being
heated (m2)
ß = area expansion coefficient (/K)
ΔT = temperature change (K)
 Volume Expansion
When heated, objects in the shape of a
block, a sphere, or a cube, will increase in
length in three directions: length width
and heigth. Such an increase is called
volume expansion.

Vt = V0 + ΔV
Vt
V0
Thus, the volume expansion
coefficient (γ) is three times greater
than the linear expansion coefficient
(γ = 3 α). The equestion for the
increase in volume of an object is :
ΔV = V0 γ T; γ=

So, Vt = V0 + ΔV
Vt = V0 + V0 γ ΔT
Vt = V0 (1 + γ ΔT)
With :
V0 = the initial volume of an object (m2)
Vt = the volume of an object after being
heated (m2)
γ = volume expansion coefficient (/K)
ΔT = temperature change (K)
 TASK
 Expansion is……, Solid expansion
is………
 What factors affect the amount of
expansion?
 Write down the evidence that solids
can expand.
 Mention and explain the kind of solids
expansion.
 Write down the formulate of solid
expansion.