T ER

AP Ratios, Rates and

5
CH

Proportions

1. Find the ratios of the following quantities and express them in the form a : b.
(a) 5 litres to 15 litres
(b) 450 g to 3 kg
a
2. State each of the following ratios in the form —
b.
(a) 17 g to 30 g
(b) 2 years to 6 months

3. Determine if each of the following pairs of ratios is equivalent. If so, write ‘u’, otherwise
write ‘2’.
(a) 20 : 28 and 4 : 7 
(b) 105 : 36 and 70 : 24 

4. Simplify each of the following ratios to its lowest terms.

1 — 3
(a) 1 —
3 : 4
1
(b) 2 —
2 : 55
5. Complete the table below.

m:n n:m m : m + n n : m + n m – n : m m + n : m – n 2n : m + n
(a) 5:3
(b) 15 : 4
(c) 5:1

6. State whether the following pairs of quantities are proportional. If proportional write
‘u’, otherwise write ‘2’.
12 30
(a) — —
2 and 6   
12 18
(b) — —
40 and 60   

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 7. Determine whether the following pairs of quantities are proportional. If proportional
write ‘u’, otherwise write ‘2’.
(a) A manager can dictate 180 words in 3 minutes and his secretary can type 280 words
in 5 minutes.
(b) The table shows the number of students in Form 2.

School A School B

Boys 80 96

Girls 90 108

8. Evaluate each of the following using unitary method.

(a) Given the value of m is 54 kg and the ratio n : m = 4 : 9. What is the value of n?
(b) If p : 5 = 4.8 : 6.0, then p =

9. Find the value of p using the cross-multiplication method.

(a) 4 : p = 20 : 15
(b) p : 8 = 35 : 56
(c) 18 : 24 = p : 4
(d) 74.2 : p = 7 : 5

10. Complete the table below by finding the values of a and b.

a:b a+b a b

(a) 4:5 108

(b) 12 : 13 15

(c) 8:3 16.5

(d) 9:4 91

11. Find the sum of two quantities.

a:b (a – b) or (b – a) a+b

(a) 6 : 13 56

(b) 8:7 1.5

(c) 2 : 15 46.8

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 12.
P Q R

The diagram shows a straight line PQR divided in the ratio PQ : QR = 5 : 3. Given the
length of QR is 13.5 cm. What is the length of PR?

13. Write each of the following quantities in the form a : b : c.

(a) RM1.50 : RM5 : 75 sen
(b) 4 kg : 500 g : 5.2 kg

14. Determine whether the given ratios are equivalent. If they are equivalent, write ‘u’,
otherwise write ‘2’.
(a) 42 : 54 : 18 and 7 : 9 : 3   
(b) 45 : 24 : 16 and 5 : 3 : 2   

15. Simplify each of the following ratios to its lowest terms.

(a) 1.5 : 3.5 : 8.5
(b) 48 : 8 : 96

16. Complete the following table.

a:b:c a:b a:c b:c b+c:a+c a:a+b+c

(a) 8 : 3 : 12

(b) 7 : 5 : 20

17. Find the ratio of a : b : c, given the ratios of two quantities.

(a) a : b = 5 : 3 and a : c = 5 : 9
(b) a : b = 4 : 11 and c : b = 5 : 11

18. Find the ratio of a : b : c given the ratios of two quantities.

(a) a : b = 7 : 3 and a : c = 2 : 5
(b) a : b = 10 : 7 and a : c = 15 : 2

19. Given a : b : c = 8 : 2 : 9 and a = 3.2. Calculate the values of b and c using unitary
method.

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 20. Find the values of the other two quantities using cross-multiplication.

a:b:c a b c

(a) 2:5:8 40

(b) 3:1:6 60

21. Complete the following table.

a:b:c a+b+c a b c

(a) 1:7:4 144

(b) 3:8:2 42

22. Find the sum of a, b and c.

(a) Given a : b : c = 1 : 8 : 2 and b – c = 42.
(b) Given a : b : c = 3 : 2 : 7 and c – a = 32.

23. The mass of Azhar, Azmi and Azman is in the ratio 5 : 4 : 6. The difference in mass
between Azmi and Azman is 15.6 kg. What is the total mass of three boys?

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