1

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D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ

kam-l-cn-¨Xv
hn. _me-Ir-jvW³
&
tUm. BÀ. eoem-tZhn
Fw.-F. (a-e.), Fw.-F. (kw-kvIr-Xw)
]n. F¨v. Un. (Cw-¥o-jv)

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108 UPANISHATHUKAL
(Malayalam)

Compiled by: V. Balakrishnan and Dr. R. Leeladevi

108 UPANISHATHUKAL by V Balakrishnan and R Leeladevi is licensed under

a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.

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1 D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ 3

D]-\n-j¯- p-IÄ thZ-§-fpsS Ah-km-\a - mWv AXp- {]mNo-\-§-fm-W.v AtX kabw tIt\m-]-\n-j-¯nse 1þ13
sIm­v thZm-´-kwÚ \ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. D]-\n-j-¯p- a{´-§fpw _rl-Zm-cW - yI-¯nse 8 apXÂ 21 hsc a{´-
IÄ AkvXn-hm-c-am-Wv. `mc-X¯ - n ]n¶o-Sp-­mb XXz- §fpw D]-\n-j¯ - p-IÄ Otµm-_-²-ambn amdp¶ kw{I-a-
im-kv{X-§fpw aX-§fpw AXns\ B{i-bn¨p \n¡p-¶p. W- Im- e-¯p-­m-b- h-bm-Wv. Ah ]n¶oSp tNÀ¯-Xm-sW¶p
D]-\n-j¯ - p-If
- nse Imhy-{]-Xn-`bv¡pw DbÀ¶ BZÀi- tXm¶pw. ItTm-]-\n-j¯v ]n¶o-Sp-­m-b-XmWv. AXnÂ
§Ä¡pw thZ-kq-à-§-fnepw IÀ½-kw-ln-X-I-fnepw XXz- kmwJy-X-Xz- §fpw tbmKkn²m- ´-§fpw \ap¡p ImWm³
hn-Nm-c-t¯-¡mÄ A[n-I-ambn aX-s¯-¸ä - nbpw IÀ½m-\p- Ign-bpw. AXn aäp-]\ - n-j-¯p-If - nÂ\n¶pw `K-hZ- vKo-X-
jvTm-\-§-sf-¸-än-bp-amWv {]Xn-]m-Zn-¨n«p-Å-Xv. D]-\n-j-¯p- bnÂ\n¶pw [mcmfw D²c-W-§-fp-­v. {]tXyI amÀ¤-§-
I-fn-e m-Is« kwln-X -I -fnse ]pcm-W -I -Y -I -s f-¡m-fpw, fnÂs]« D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ¡v ap¼pÅ D]-\n-j-¯p-I-fnÂ
{_mÒ-W-§-fnse AXn-kq-£a v §
- -fmb XÀ¡-hn-XÀ¡-§- amÞqIyw Gähpw \ho-\a - m-Wv. AYÀÆ-th-Zo-b-§-fmb
sf-¡m-fpw, Bc-Wy-I-§-fn {]Xn-]m-Zn¨ tZhXm imkv{X- D]-\n-j-¯p-Ifpw ]n¶o-Sp-­m-b-h-bm-Wv. ssa{Xm-bWn D]-
t¯-¡mfpw DbÀ¶ hnNm-c§ - Ä ImWmw. D]-\n-j-¯p-I- \n-j -¯n kmwJy-ZÀi-\-¯n-tebpw tbmK-ZÀi-\ -¯n-
fpsS e£yw {][m-\-ambn PnÚm-kp-¡-fmb a\p-jym-ßm- tebpw XXz-§Ä ImWmw. hnhn-[-§-fmb ZmÀi-\n-I-kn-
¡Ä¡v im´nbpw kzX{´yhpw \ÂIp-Ib - m-Wv. B[ym- ²m-´-§Ä Xg¨p hfÀ¶p-h-cp¶ Ime-¯mWv tiXm-iz-
ßnI {]iv\-§Ä¡pÅ ]co-£-Wm-ß-Ia - mb ]cn-lmcw tcm-]\n-j¯nsâ cN-\. k\m-X\ ZmÀi-\n-I-{K-Ù-§-fpsS
tNmtZym-¯-c-cq-]¯ - nepw hmZ-{]-Xn-]m-Za- mbpw \ÂIn-bn-cn- ]mcn-`m-jn-I -i-_vZ-§Ä Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-¶p. F¶-Xn\p
¡p-¶p. Ah ]c-ak - -Xy-¯nsâ icn-bmb kz`mhw {Kln- km£yw hln-¡p¶ [mcmfw kµÀ`-§Ä CXn ImWmw.
bv¡m³ th­n am\h a\-Ên-\p-­m-Ip¶ hy{K-X-tb-bpw- Ah-bnse {]m[m-\k - n-²m-´-§tfbpw CXn hni-Zo-Ic - n-
AXp t\Sm³th­n sN¿p¶ ITn\ ]cn-{i-a-t¯bpw {]I- ¨n-«p-­v. BkvXn-Iy-ho-£-W¯ - n-eqsS thZm-´w, kmwJyw,
S-am-¡p-¶p. D]-\n-j¯ - p-IÄ {Ia-_-²a - mb Hcp XXz-im- tbmKw Cu aq¶p ZÀi-\§ - -fp-tSbpw ka-\zbw km[n¡-
kv{X-¯nsâ cq]-¯n-ep-Å-h-bÃ; Ah-sbÃmw Hscmä {KÙ- emWv Cu D]-\n-j¯ - n-sâ Bi-b-sa¶p tXm¶pw. BZy-
Im-csâ IrXn-I-fà - . Ah-bpsS \nÀ½m-WI - m-ehpw H¶-Ã. Im-es¯ KZym-ß- I-amb D]-\n-j-¯p-I- fn IqSp-X hnip-
²-IÂ]-\I - -fm-Wp-Å-X.v ]n¡m-es¯ D]-\n-j-¯p-I-fn-
D]-\n-j-¯p-I-fpsS kwJybpw cN-\m-Im-ehpw em-Is« aX-]-c-amb ]qPm-\p-jvTm-\-§fpw `àn-`m-h-\bpw
D]-\n-j¯ - p-If
- n s]mXp-hn 108 BsW¶p IW- DÄs¡m-Å n-¨n-cn¡p-¶p. D]-\n-j-¯p- I-fnse ZmÀi-\n-I-X-
¡m-¡n-h-cp-¶p. Ah-bn im¦-c-`m-jy-apÅ ]s¯-®-amWv Xz-§sf {]Xn-]m- Zn¡m³ _u²-Im- e- ¯n\p tij- apÅ D]-
apJyw. Ch Gähpw {]mam-Wn-I-§fpw ]pcm-X\ - § - -fp-am- \n-j-¯p-I-tfbpw kzoI-cn-¡mw. \½psS Dt±iyw km[n-
Wv. Ah-bpsS \nÀ½m-W-Im-ea - n-¶s
- X¶p IrXy-ambn ]d- ¡m-s\-Sp-¡p¶ D]-\n-j¯ - p-IÄ OmtµmKyw, _rl-Zm-c-
bm³ \ap¡p Ign-bn-Ã. Ah-bn Gähpw ]g-¡a - p-ÅXp WyIw, ssX¯-ncobw, sFX-tcbw, Iujo-X-In, tI\w
_u²-Im-e-¯n\pw ap¼p-­m-b-XmWv; NneXv _p²-\p-ti- F¶n-h-bm-Wv. Cutim-]-\n-j¯pw amÞq-Iyhpw AXn\p
jhpw Ah cNn-¨Xv thZ-kq-à-§-fpsS \nÀ½mWw kam- tijta hcp-¶pÅp.
]n-¨X- n-\p-ti-jhpw _p²-aX-¯nsâ BhnÀ`m-h-¯n\p D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ c-Nn¨ alm-·m-cmb Nn´-I· - m-cpsS
ap¼pÅ CS-¡m-e¯v AXm-bXv {In. ap. Bdmw \qämam­n- Ncn{Xw AXm-Xv B-fp-I-fpsS {][m-\-amb kw`m-h-\I - sf
ep-am-sW¶p hcmw. BZn-tam-]-\n-j¯ - p-I-fpsS \nÀ½m-W- hÀ®n-¨p-sIm-s­-gp-Xp¶ ]£w IÂ]nX\m-a-§-sfm-gn-
Imew {In. ap. 1000-þ-am­p apXÂ _n. kn. 300-þ-am-­p-h-sc- ¨mÂ, alo-Zm-k³, sFX-tc-b³, sscIz³, imWvUn-ey³,
bm-s W¶v IW-¡m-¡-s¸-«n-cn¡p-¶p. im¦-c-`mjyapÅ kXy-Im-aPm-_m-e³, ssPh-en, D±m-e-I³, tizX tIXp,
]pXnb D]-\n-j¯ - p-IÄ _p²\p tijw cNn-¨h - b- m-Wv. `c-Zzm-P³, KmÀKym-b-W³, {]XÀ±-\³, _mem-In, APmX
Ah-bpsS Imew {In. ap. kpamÀ \m\qtdm a¶qtdm BWv. i{Xp, hcp-W³, bmÚ-hÂIy³, KmÀ¤n, ssat{Xbn
{]mNo-\-§-fmb D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ KZy-¯n-em-W.v Chbv¡v F¶o t]cp-IÄ ap³]-´n-bn hcpw.
{]tXyI amÀ¤-§tfm k{¼-Zm-b-§tfm CÃ. sFX-tc-bw,
Iujo-XI - n, ssX¯ncobw, Omtµm-Kyw, _rl-Zm-c-WyIw D]-\ n-j-¯p-I-fn NÀ¨
Chbv¡p ]pdta "tI\' D]-\n-j-¯nse Ip-d¨p `mK-§fpw D]-\n- j-¯p-I-fnse apJy- {]- Xn- ]mZyw ZÀi-\-im-kv{X-¯n-

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 4
I sâ ASn-Øm-\-{]iv\w Xs¶-bmWv; kXyw GXm-sW¶
At\z-jWw Xs¶. hkvXp-¡-tfmSpw Ah-bpsS KuW-
Im-c-W§ - -tfm-Sp-apÅ AXr]vXn Nne tNmZy-§-fp-¶-bn-¡p-
¶p. tizXm-iz-X-tcm-]\ - n-j-¯nsâ Bcw-`-¯n \mw Ah
ImWp-¶p-­v. ""\mw Fhn-sS-\n-¶p-­m-bn. \mw FhnsS Pohn-
¡p-¶p. \mw FhnsS t]mIp-¶p. AÃtbm {_Ò-th-Zn-Itf
BcpsS imk-\-¯n³Io- gn \man-hnsS kpJþ-Zpx-J-§- fpsS
_Ô-¯nÂs¸«p Ign-bp-¶p. Imetam {]Ir-Xntbm Bh-
iy-IX- tbm bZr-Ñtbm AÃ `qX-§tfm Bbn-cn¡ptam
ImcWw? AYhm ]pcp-j³ F¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp¶ ]c-{_Òw
Xs¶-bm-bn-cn¡ptam?'' tIt\m]-\n-j¯n injy³ tNmZn-
¡p¶p: ""BcpsS CÑ-bpsS t{]c-Ws - Im-­mWv a\Êv
Xm\m-{K-ln¡p¶ e£y-¯n-te¡p sNÃp-¶-Xv. BcpsS
BÚ-bm-emWv H¶m-as¯ {]mW-\n-izmkw ]pd-¯p-h-
¶Xv! BcpsS BÚ-bm-emWv \mw Cu hm¡p ]d-bp-
¶Xv? I®n\pw ImXn\pw t{]cW \ÂIp¶ tZh-t\-
XmWv?'' Nn´- I-·mÀ kmam-\y-_p-²n- IÄ sN¿p-¶-Xp- t]mse
C{µn-bm-\p-`-hs¯ Hc-hym-tJy-b-X-Xz-ambn KWn-¨n-Ã. C{µn-
b-§Ä sIms­-¯-cp¶ Úm\s¯ XnI¨pw icn-bm-sW-
¶p-d-¸n¨p kzoI-cn-¡mtam a\-Ênsâ iàn-IÄ¡p kzX-
{´-amb k¯-bpt­m AtXm ]n¶n \n¡p¶ IqSp-
XÂ iàn-bpÅ GXn-tâ-sb-¦nepw Imcy-§f - mtWm a\-
Ên-tâ-Xm-bn-¡m-Wp¶ Ign-hp-IÄ? Imcy-§fpw P\y-§-fp-
amb `uXn-I] - Z- mÀ°-§-sf, Ah-bpsS X¡m-e-kz-cq-]-
¯n¯s¶, Ah-bpsS Imc-W-s¯-t¸mse XnI¨pw
bYmÀ°-am-sW¶p \ap¡p Icp-Xm³ Ign-bp-¶s - X-§s\?
Ch-bvs¡-Ãm-änepw ]n¶n-embn kzbw-`q-hmb Hcp ]c-a-k-
¯-bp-­m-bn-cn¡-Ww. AXp a\-Ên\pw B{i-b-am-bn-cn-¡pw,
Úm\w, a\-Êv, C{µn-b-§fpw Ah-bpsS hnj-b-§fpw
FÃmw ]cn-an-X-§fpw {]Xn-_-Ôa - p-Å-hb- p-amWv. [mÀ½n-
I-Im-cy-§-fn ]cn-anXw sIm­p bYmÀ°amb B\µw
t\Sm³ Ign-bn-söp \ap-¡-\p-`-h-ap-Å-Xm-Wv. kmwkm-cn-
I-kp-J -t`m-K-§Ä £-W n-I-§-fm-Wv. Ah hmÀ²Iyw
sIm­pw ac-Ww-sIm­pw \in¡p-¶-hb - m-W.v aXm-\p-jT
v m-
\-§-fn A£-b-Po-hn-X¯ - n\p th­n apd-hnfn Iq«p-¶p.
CsXÃmw IqSn-t¨À¶ Ime-hym-]vXn-bn-Ãm¯ Hcp k¯-
bp-s­¶p hniz-kn¡m³ \s½ \nÀº-²-cm-¡p-¶p. AXv
Hcp B²ym-ßn-I-k-¯-bmWv; ZÀi\imkv{X-§- fpsS At\z-
j-Wh - n-j-b-amWv; \½psS FÃm CÑ-It- fbpw ]qÀ®-am-
¡p-¶Xpw aX-¯nsâ e£y-hp-am-Wv. D]-\n-jZv{ZjvSm-¡Ä
F¶p \n¡p-¶Xpw (kÂ) ]qÀ® kXyhpw (NnÂ) hnip-
²-amb B\-µhpw (B-\-µw) Bb Cu ]c-a-k-¯-bn-
tebv¡v \s½ ASp-¸n¡m³ {ian-¡p-¶p. Hmtcm am\-h-
lr- Z - b - ¯ n- t âbpw {]mÀ°- \ - b mWv : ""Fs¶ Ak-
¯nÂ\n¶p k¯-bn-te¡p \bn¡q; Xa-ÊnÂ\n¶p {]Im-
i-¯ n-te¡p \bn¡q; arXyp-hn \n¶p Aa-c-X z-¯n-
tebv¡p \bn¡q.''
bYmÀ° kXypsS kzcq]w
]c-a-k-Xy-¯nsâ kzcq-]-\nÀ®-b-¯n-\mbn D]-\n-jÂ
IÀ¯m-¡Ä sshZnI Ejn-am-cpsS hkvXp-\njvS-amb (A-
\m-ßw) ho£Wt¯mSp Bßo- b-hn-£- Ws¯ tNÀ¡m³
{ian-¨p. thZ-kq-à-§-fn Ø]n-X-amb D¶X [mcW
GI-k¯ (GIw kÂ)-sb-kw-_Ô - n-¨p-Å-Xm-Wv. AXv
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FÃm-hn[w k¯-If - nepw kzbw {]I-S-hp-ambncp¶p. Cu K
\njv¡Àj-¯n\v D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ _ew \ÂIn. Ah-bnÂ
Nnte-S ¯v AhÀ Bßm-s h¶p hnfn¡p¶ "Alw'
XXzs¯ ZmÀi- \n-I-ho-£-W-t¯msS hntÇjWw sNbvXp-
sIm- ­mWv Cu {]iv\s¯ kao-]n-¨n-«p-Å-X.v Omtµm-tKym-
]-\n-j-¯n Kpcp-in-jy-·m-cmb {]Pm-]-Xnbpw C{µ\pw
X½n \S-¡p¶ Hcp kw`m-j-W -¯n Bßm-h ns\
kw_-Ôn-¨pÅ hymJym-\¯ - n Bßm-hns\ (1) imco-cn-
Im-ßm-h,v (2) C{µn-b-Ka - y-\mb Bßm-hv, (3) A\p-`-hm-Xo-
X-\mb Bßm-hv (Kp-]vXm-ßm-) , (4) ]c-am-ßm F¶n-§s\
\membn hn`-Pn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. AhnsS hnaÀi\ hnj-b-amb
{]iv\w a\x-im-kvX] - -c-am-sW¶p ]d-ªp-Iq-Sm. AXv IqSp-
XÂ B[ym-ßn-I-am-Wv. a\p-jy-\nse Bßm-hnsâ AYhm
a\p-jy-\nse apJy-k-¯-bpsS kzcq-]-sa-´mWv? NÀ¨-bm-
cw-`n-¨p- -sIm­v {]Pm-]Xn Nne kmam\y e£-W-§sf hnh-
cn-¡p-¶p. ""Bßmhv ]m]-ap-à\ - mWv; hr²mhØ-b n-Ãm-
¯-h-\mWv; ac-Whpw ZpxJ-hp-an-Ãm-¯-h-\mWv; hni¸pw
Zml-hp-an-Ãm-¯-h\ - m-Wv. CÑn-t¡-­-sX-s´-s¶m- gn¨v aäp
k¦-Â ]-§ fn-Ã m-¯ -h -\ m- W v. At±- l -s ¯bmWv \mw
kÀÆYm a\-Ên-em-¡m³ {ian-t¡-­X - v.'' AXv FÃm-]c - n-
hÀ¯-\-§-fnepw amdmsX XpSÀ¶p \n¡p¶ IÀ¯m-
hmWv; AXv Pm{K¯v, kz]v\ w, kpjp-] vX n, ac-Ww,
]p\ÀÖ-·w, BXy-´n-Ia - pàn Cu Zi-I-fn-seÃmw kmam-
\y-LS- -Ia - mbn \ne-sIm-Åp¶ At`-Zy-amb Hcw-Ka - m-Wv.
Hcn¡epw \in-¸n-¡m³ Ign-bm¯ Hcp kc-f-k-Xy-am-W-
Xv. acWw AXns\ kv]Àin-¡p-¶n- Ã. Hcp ZpÀhn-Im- c-¯n\pw
AXns\ hne-bn-¸n-¡m³ Ign-bn-Ã. Ønc-X, XpSÀ¨, GI-
X, \nXy-{In-bm-io-eX F¶nh AXnsâ hntij e£-
W-§-fm-W.v kzbw-]qÀ®-amb Hcp temI-am-W-X.v AXn\p
]pd-s¯mcp hkvXphpw AXn-s¶-Xnsc \n¡m-\n-Ã. Cu
{]{In-b¡msI N{I-It- Zmjw _m[n-¨n-«p-s­¶p ]dªv
\ho-\-hn-aÀi-I-·mÀ FXnÀ¡pw. F¶m kzbw-]-cym-]vX-
Xbpw kzbw-]qÀ®-Xbpw {]tXyI e£-Wa - mbn kzoI-cn-
¨p-Ig- n-ªm AXn\p kam-[m-\-hp-am-bn. C§n-s\-sbmcp
{]{Inb kzoI-cn¡p-¶X - n {]tXy-Iw- D-t±-iy-ap-s­¶p
\ap¡p apt¼m«p t]mIp-t¼m-Ä ImWmw. a\p-j ysâ
Bßmhv kzbw IÀ¯m-hm-sW-¶pw, AXn-\v Hcn¡epw
km²y-hn-j-b-am-Im³ Ign-bn-söpw {]Pm-]Xn hyà-am-
¡p-¶p. AXv {ZjvSm-hmb ]pcp-j-\mWv Zriy hnj-b-aà - .
AXv "Fs¶' F¶p ]d-bm-hp¶ hnj-b-amb KpW-kw-Lm-
X-aÃ; Cu KpW-§-sf-sbÃmw ]cn-tim-[n-¨p-sIm­v FÃm-
än\pw ]n¶n AI¶v km£n-bmbn \n¡p¶ "kzbw
hnjbamb "Rm³' BWv. icn-bmb AÀ°-¯n AXv
hnjbnbmb ÚmXm-hmWv; Hcn-¡e - p-aXv hnj-b-am-Im³
h¿. Bßm-hnsâ LS-I-§Ä an¡-hmdpw km[m-cW \ne-
bn hnj-b-§-fpsS Iq«-¯n s]t«-¡mw. \ymb-hmZw
AwKo-Ic - n¡p¶ [mc-W, hnj-b-am-Ip-¶-sXÃmw Xs¶
A\m-ß-tIm-Sn-bn s]Sp-sa-¶m-Wv. \½psS bYmÀ°m
ßmhn-t\mSv sshPm-Xy-apÅXpw AXnÂ\n¶v `n¶-hp-amb
FÃm-ä n-t \bpw \mw thÀs]-S p¯n AI-ä -Ww. BZyw
\ÂInb D¯cw P\n-¡p-¶Xpw hf-cp-¶Xpw PoÀ®n-¡p-
¶Xpw acn-¡p-¶- Xp-amb ico- c-amWv bYmÀ°-amb Bßmhv
F¶m-bn-cp-¶p. {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS A`n-{]m-b-¯n \mw asäm-
 5

I cm-fpsS I®p-I-fn t\m¡p-t¼mÄ ImWp¶ AYhm shÅ- kzX-{´-\m-bn-cn¡p-Ibpw thWw. Ime-¯n-tâbpw P\-\- K
¯ntem I®m-Sn-bntem ImWp¶ "hyàn'bmWv Bßm- ¯n-tâbpw ]cn-[n-Isf B{i-bn¨p \n¡p¶ "Alw' Hcn-
hv. Nn{X-¯n Xe-ap-Snbpw \Jhpw IqSn ImWp-¶p-­tÃm ¡epw \nXy-am-sW¶p ]d-bm-\m-hn-Ã. {]mtZ-in-Ihpw `uXn-
F¶v kqNn-¸n-¡p-bp-ap-­m-bn. AXpsIm­v CXm-ßm-h- I-hp-amb ]cn-Øn-Xn-I-fn _Ôn-¨p-\n¡p¶ "Alw'
söp a\-Ên-em-¡m-\mbn {]Pm-]Xn C{µ-t\mSv ""A§v Hcp Ime-kr-jvSn-bm-Wv. AXv kwkm-c-tem-I-¯nse Hcp-
tZlw \Ã-h ®w Ae-¦ -cn¨v \à hkv{X-§Ä [cn¨v Dg¨-¡m-c-\m-Wv. AXv X\n-¡mbn A]qÀ®-km-a-{K-ln-
shůntem I®m-Sn-bntem t\m¡pI F¶p ]d-ªp. IÄsIm­v A]qÀ®-amb Hcp temIs¯ \nÀ½n-¡p-¶p.
C{µ³ Xs¶-t¸mse Hcp hyànsb \à hkv{X-§Ä AXv A\-iz-ca - Ã; AXn\v AXn-cn-Ãm¯ kzmX-{´-hp-an-
[cn¨v Ae-¦-cn¨v kpµ-c-cq-]-¯n ImWp-¶p. C{µ\v Hcp Ã. \ap¡v FÃm-hn[w A\p-`-h-§Ä¡pw B[m-chpw hml-
kwi-b-ap-Zn-¡p-¶p. ""icocw Ae-¦-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ shÅ- \-hp-amb Hcp hnjbn AYhm Hc-Xn-hym-]-Ia - mb k¯
¯ntem I®m-Sn-bntem ImWp¶ Bßmhv \¶mbn Ae- Bh-iy-ap- -­v. kz]v\m-h-Ø-bn-tebpw PmK-cn-Xm-hØ - -bn-
¦-cn¨p ImWp¶p; ico-c-¯n \Ã- hkv{Xw [cn-¨m tebpw A\p-`-h§ - Ä. tIhew AXnsâ A]qÀ®-amb
AXpw \Ã hkv{Xw [cn-¨p-Im-Wp-¶p. icocw \Ãh®w A`n-hyàn am{X-am-bn-cn¡-Ww. hnhn[ Zi-If - psS {]hm-
ipNnbpw kpµ-ch - p-am-bn-cp-¶ m B Bßmhpw ipNn- l-¯n\v kzbw \ne-\n-¡m³ Ign-bp-Ib - n-Ã. sF{µn-bm-
bmbpw kpµ-c-ambpw ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. At¸mÄ icocw I®p- \p-`-h-§-tf-ev¡p¶ Bßmhv kzm[n-Im-c¯ - n \nXy-\-
s]m«n-b-Xm-sW-¦n AXpw AÔ-am-bn-cn¡pw. icocw apS- Ã. C{µ³ {]Pm-]X - nsb kao-]n¨v Xsâ a\x-ØnXn hnh-
´m-sW-¦n B \ng-en-¡p¶ Bßmhpw apS-´m-Ipw, ico- cn-bv¡ p-¶p. Ipsd-¡mew Ign-ªXn-\p-tijw {]Pm-]Xn
c-¯n\v hà AwK-`w-Kh - p-ap-s­-¦n B Bßm-hn\pw C{µ-\p-]-tZiw \ÂIp-¶p. ""a\p-jy³ Dd§n ]qÀ®-hn-{iaw
AwK-` wKw ImWpw. HSp-h n icocw \in-¨ m B sImÅp- Ibpw kz]v\-sam¶pw ImWm-Xn- cn- ¡p- Ibpw sN¿p¶
Bßmhpw \in¡pw. CXn-semcp sa¨hpw Rm³ ImWp- Ah-Ø-bmWv Bßm-hv.'' {]Pm-]-Xnbv¡v C{µsâ _p²n-
¶n-Ã.'' C{µ³ Xsâ Kpcp-hns\ kao-]n-¡p-¶p. Ipsd Ign- ap«p a\-Ên-em-bn. Bßm-hns\ hn`n-¶m-hØ - -I-fpsS AWn-
ªXn-\p-tijw Kpcp C{µ-t\m-Sp-]t- Z-in-¡p-¶p. ""kz]v\- I-fn-te-bv¡n-d¡n Npcp-¡n-¡qSm; A§n-s\-bm-bm \nXy-
¯n kpJ- k-©mcw sN¿p- ¶-XmWv Bßm-hv.'' bYmÀ°m- \mb Hc-lw-X-¯z-¯nsâ Bh-iyta CÃm-Xm-Ipw. Bßm-
ßmhv FÃm-hn[w Ipd-hp-IÄ¡pw IjvSm-\p-`-h§ - Ä¡pw hns\ X§-fpsS BI-kvan-Ia - mb A\p-`-h-a-Þ-e¯ - n\v
]m{X-am-Ip-¶- i-co-c-a-Ã. AsXmcp `uXn-Ia - mb Zriy-Imcy- A[o-\-am-t¡­nbpw hcpw. A\p-`-h- tKm-N-c-§-fmb _mly-
am-Wv. ssNX-\y-¯n\p hnl-cn-¡m-\pÅ Hcp-]-I-c-W-amWv hn-j-b-§Ä¡v A\p-`h - -hn-j-b-§-fm-bn-¯o-cm³ \nXy-\mb
ico-cw. ssNX-\y-am-Is« ico-c-¯nÂ\n-¶p-f-hm-b-Xp-a-Ã. Hcp hnjbn (B-ßm) thW-sa¶v C{µs\ ]Tn-¸n-bvt¡-
]n¶oSp C{µ-t\mSp kz]v\w ImWp¶ hnjbn(IÀ¯m)- ­-Xp-­v. Ben-Ênsâ AÛp-X{- ]-]© - -s¯-¸-än-bpÅ IY-
bm-Wv. Bßmhv F¶p ]dbp¶p. ]s£ C{µ\v ho­pw I-sfm-gn¨v asä-Ãm-bn-S¯pw Cfn-¨p-Im«n ipWvTn-sb-Sp-¸n-
kwibamIp¶p. ""icn-bm-Wv, ico-c-¯nsâ Ipähpw Ipdhpw bv¡m³ Hcp ]q¨-th-Ww. F¶m Hcp ]q¨-sb-t¸mgpw
Bßm-hns\ _m[n-¡p-¶n-Ã. ico-c-¯n-¶-Sn-sIm-Åp-t¼mÄ Cfn-¨p-Im-«n- s¡m-tÅ-Wsa¶pan-Ã. AXp-t]mse hnj- b-¯n-
Bßm-hn-\Xp X«p-¶n-Ã. icocw apS-´m-bmepw Bßm-hn\v s¶-t¸mgpw hnj-bnsb B{i-bn-t¨-\n-ev¡m³ Ign-bq.
apS-´p-­m-Ip-¶n-Ã. F¶mepw B tZmj-§Ä ]n³Xp-SÀ¶p F¶m hnj- bn-bv¡m- Is« AtX hn[-¯n hnj-b-¯nsâ
Abmsf kz]v\¯ - n sN¶v _m[n-¨mtem? B Bßm- B{ibw Bh-iy-an-Ã. {]Pm-]Xn C¡mcyw C{µs\ [cn-
hn\v ZpxJ-¯nsâ IjvSm-\p-`-h-ap-­m-Ip-¶p-­v. I®p-\oÀ ¸n-bv¡m-\p-t±-in-¨p. Bßm-hn-s\-¡q-SmsX Úm\-an-Ã. Ie-
hogv¯p¶p; ZpxJm-\p-`-h-ap-­m-Ip-¶p. CXp-sIm­pw Rm³ bn-Ã, [À½m-N-c-W-hp-an-Ã. Bßm-hn-t\mSp _Ô-s¸-Sm¯
sa¨-sam¶pw ImWp-¶n-Ã.'' kz]v\§ - Ä ico-c-¯nÂ\n¶v hnj-b-§Ä AkXv BIp-¶p. hnj-bn-bpsS k¯ FÃm
IqSp-XÂ kzX-{´-§-fm-b-Xp-sIm­v kz`m-hn-I-ambn {]mam- hnj-b-§-fp-tSbpw k¯bv¡v B[m-c-am-Ip-¶p. F¶mÂ
Wn-I-am-sW¶p Icp-Xn-bmWv {]Pm-]Xn aäp am\-kn-Im-\p- kzbw hnj-bn-bm-Is« B tÚb-hn-jb - -§-fpsS Iq«-
`-h-§Ä¡p ]Icw kz]v\m-h-Ø-Isf FSp¯p ]d-ªXv. ¯nÂs¸«p \nevIp-¶-Xp-an-Ã. {]Pm-]Xn FÃm A\p-`-h-
Bßmhv kz]v\m-h-ØI - -fn IpSp-§msX Xb-Ê-sam-¶p- §-fp-tSbpw ÚmXmhv Bßm-hp-X-s¶-bm-sW¶v C{µs\
an-ÃmsX k©-cn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn¡pw F¶m-W-\p-am-\n¡-s¸- a\-Ên-em-¡m³ {ian-bv¡p-¶p. AXn\v C{µs\ AÀl-\m-
Sp-¶-Xv. a\Êpw kz]v\m-h-ØI - -fn ico-c-¯n\v t\cn-Sp¶ ¡m³ th­n AaqÀ¯-]-²Xn AXn\v AXnsâ kz´-
kw`-h-§- tfmSp _Ô-an-ÃmsX kzX-{´-ambn A§n§v Ae- amb Nne tZmj-§-fp- s­-¦nepw {]tbm-Kn-bv¡p-¶p. \½psS
bp-¶p. Cu A`n-{]mbw XpSÀ¨-bmbn hfÀ¶p-h-cp-¶, A\p- PohnXw kÀÆZm ]ZmÀ°-§-fp-ambn CS-s]«v XnSp-§n-¡-
£Ww amdn amdn hcp-¶, am\-kn-Im-\p-`-h-§-tfbpw Bßm- gn-bp-I-bm-Wv. \mw IqSp-XÂ kwkm-cn-I-fm-bn-t¸m-bn. \½psS
hn-t\bpw Xpey-hn-Xm-\¯ - n sIm­p \nÀ¯p-¶p. CXv Bßmhp hnIm-c§fnepw B{K-l-§-fnepw k¦Â]-§-
C{µn-bm-\p-`-h-§Ä Gev¡p¶ Bßm-hm-Wv. Cu C{µnb fnepw Xs¶-¯m-\d - n-bm³ ]mSn-Ãm-¯-hn[w apgp-In-bn-cn-
Kay-\mb Pohm-ßmhv Pohn-Xm-\p-`-h§ - -fpsS Zpc-´-kw-`-h- bv¡p-¶ p. tIhew hkv Xp-\n-jvT-amb Pohn-Xw-\ -bn¨pw
§Ä¡v hnt[-b-\m-sW¶pw C{µ³ icn¡v a\-Ên-em-¡n. {]mIr-Xh - k
- vXp-¡f - n AXy´w apgp-Inbpw temI-hy-h-
{]Xn-£Ww amäw hcp¶XpsIm­v CXv "hnjbn'bmI-bn- lm-c-§-fnepw euInI-{]-hr-¯n-I-fnepw \nc-´cw CS-s]«pw
Ã. CXv ico-c-¯nÂ\n¶v `n¶hpw kzX-{´-hp-am-sW-¦nepw Ccn-bv¡pI Imc-Wa - mbn FÃm-än-epw-sh¨v apJy-XX - z-amb
kz]v\ m-h-Ø -I Ä¡v kzX-{´-a mb \ne-\n-e v]n-Ã -tÃm. Bßm-hn-s\-¡p-dn¨v hnNm-cn-¡pI Hcp \nanjw t]mepw
bYmÀ°-amb Alw AYhm Bßm-hm-Is« kÀÆYm hn\n-tbm-Kn-¡m-s\m-cp-§p-¶n-Ã. Úm\w kzbw kn²-am-
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 6

I b-Xmbn \mw Icp-Xp-¶p. AXn-s\-¡p-dn¨v IqSp-X hnNmcw DbÀ¶ \ne-bnÂ, ]c-a-e-£y-¯n \mw F¯p-¶p-s­¶p K
sN¿p-¶Xpw AXnsâ KpVmÀ°w a\-Ên-em-¡m³ {ian- [mc-W-bp-Å-hÀ C{µ-tâbpw {]Pm-]X - n-bp-tSbpw kwhm-Z-
¡p-¶Xpw a\-Ên\v A[zm-\a - pÅ Imcy-am-Wv. {]Pm-]Xn ¯n {i²nt¡-­-Xm-W.v C{µsâ A`n-{]m-b-¯n ico-c-
Bßmhnsâ Bh-iy-IX - sb IqSp-X kv]jvS-am-¡m³ L- S-\-bpsS acym-Z-I- fnÂ\n-¶pw, Ime- tZ- i-]-cn-[n- bn \n¶pw,
th­n, Bßm-hv, \nc-´cw \ne-\n-¡p-¶p-sh¶p Pm{K- hnj-b-§-fpsS k¯-bnÂ\n¶pw kzX-{´-amb Hc-hØ
Z-h-Ø-bnepw kz]v\m-h-Ø-bn-epw, A\p-`hw Ipd¨p t\c- tIhew kÀÆ-\m-i-amWv. ZmÀi-\n-I-amb hnNm-chpw a\x-
t¯s¡Ãmw XSªv \njv{In-b-ambn \n¶m t]mepw, im-kv{X-] -c-amb hntÇ-j-Whpw Cu ]cn-W m-a-¯ n-te-
Bßmhv hnSmsX \ne\n¡p¶psh¶p \njvIÀjn¨p bv¡mWv \s½ \bn-¡p-I. F¶m {]Pm-]Xn C{µn-bm-\p-
{]kvXm-hn-bv¡p-¶p. kz]v\w ImWm¯ KmV-\n-{Z-bn `-h§- -fpsS amä-§ÄsIm­p _m[-tb-ev¡m¯ Bßm-
A\p-`q-X n-hn-jb- -§ -sfm¶pw \½psS ap¼n-en-sÃ-¦nepw hnsâ AkvXn-Xzs¯ Du¶n-bp-d -¸n¡m³ {ian-¡p-¶p.
AXp sIm­p Bßm-hp-an-söp ]d-bm³ Ign-bn-Ã. \n{Zn- Bßmhv tNX-\m-hØ - -If- n \n¶p XnI¨pw ]pd-¯m-bn-
Xm-hØ- -bn Bßm-hnsâ k¯sb C{µ³ kzmI-cn-¨p- cp-¶nà F¶n-cp-¶mepw tNX-\m-kz-cq-]-\p-aà F¶p \nÀt±-
sIm-Åp- sa¶v {]Pm-]Xn [cn- ¨n-cn¡p-I-bm- W.v ImcWw \n{Zm- in-b¡ v m³ {]Pm-]Xn sh¼p-¼p-­v. C{µ³ {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS
h-Ø-bn ]pdw-tem-I-hp-ambn _Ô- hn-tÑ-Za - p-s­-¦nepw ap¼n Xsâ _p²n- a p«v C§s\ hnh- c n- b v ¡ p¶p:
tNX\ \nc-´cw XpSÀ¶p-\n-¡p¶p F¶ hkvXp-Xsb ""kz]v\w ImWm¯ KmV-\n-{Z-bn hnj-bnbv¡v hmkvX-
aäp hn[-¯n hymJym\n¡m³ Ign-bp-I-bn-Ã. tZh-Z-¯³ h-¯n Xsâ k¯sb¸änbpw Adn-hnÃ; aäv Ahn-sS-
\sÃm-cp-d¡w Ignªv DWÀs¶-gp-t¶-ämepw tZh-Z-¯-\m- bpÅ hnj-b-§-sf-¸-änbpw Úm\-an-Ã. AXp Hcp Xc-
bn-¯s¶ XpS-cp-¶p. Fs´-¶m AbmÄ Dd-§m³ XpS- ¯n kÀ-ÆYm iq\y-cq-]a - m-bn-t¸m-sb¶p ]d-bmw. AXp-
§p-t¼m-gp-­m-bn-cp¶ C{µn-bm-\p-`-h§ - -fpsS {Iaw Dd§n sIm­v CXnepw KpW-sam¶pw ImWp-¶n-Ã.'' Cu A`nÚ
Fgp-t¶-ä-Xn\p tij-apÅ A\p-`-h-{I-at- ¯mSv tbmPn¨p \nc-´cw XpSÀ¶p \nev¡p-¶X - mbpw FÃm ]cn-hÀ¯-\-Z-
\nev¡p-¶p-­v. Abm-fpsS ]qÀÆm-\p-`-h-§Ä hÀ¯-am\ i-I-fnepw amä-an-ÃmsX \nev¡p-¶-Xmbpw {]Pm-]Xn Nq­n-
hnNm-c-§ -f p-ambn Htc N§-e -¡ -® n-bn IrXy-a mbn ¡m-«p-¶p. Cu AJn-e-hn-izhpw ]c-amÀ°-hn-Nm-cs¯ km-
tNcp¶p; aäm-cp-t S-sb-¦nepw hnNm-c-§tfmSp tNcp-¶n-Ã. £m¡-cn-bv¡m-\pÅ Hcp {]{In-b-bm-Wv. ""AÃtbm aL-
A\p-`h - -§-fpsS Cu ss\c´cyw t_m[m-h-Ø-bpsS ka- h³ Cu icocw ac-W[ - À½n-bm-Wv. FÃmw \iz-ca - m-Wv.
kvX-L-S-I-§-fp-tSbpw ]Ým-¯-e-¯n \nXy-Øn-c-\mb CXv ico-c-`n-¶ -amb Aa-c-\mb Bßm-hnsâ \nhm-k-
Hcm-ßm-hp-s­¶p AwKo-I-cn¡m³ \s½ \nÀº-Ôn-¡p- Øm\w am{X-am-Wv. I®nsâ IrjvW-a-Wn-I-fn ImWp¶
¶p. hnNmcw sN¿m³ asämcp hnj-b-hp-an-Ãm-Xn-cn-s¡bpw ]pcp-j-\m-WXv; F¶m I®p-If - m-Is« ImWm-\pÅ D]-
\n{Zm-h-Ø-bn \ne-\n-¡p-¶t- XtXm AXm-Wm-ßm-hv. I-cWw am{X-am-Wv. Rm³ CXns\ aW-¡s« F¶p hnNm-
I®m-Sn-bn H¶pw ImWp-¶n-sÃ-¶p-sh¨v I®mSn \in-¨p- cn-bv¡p-¶-h-\mWv Bßm-hv. aq¡v KÔw apX-em-bh A\p-
sh¶p hcp-¶n-Ã. {]Pm-]Xn ChnsS hnj-b-¯nsâ t]cn `-hn-bv¡ m-\pÅ D]-Ic - Ww am{X-am-Wv.'' Bßm-hns\
hnj- bn-¡pÅ ]c-am-[n-]- Xys¯ sXfn-bn- bv¡m³ {ian-bv¡p- AaqÀ¯-amb Hc-\u-]-Nm-cn-I-X -Xz-am-bn-«Ã A\-h-cXw
¶p. FÃm hnj-b-§fpw hnep-]X v -ambnt¸mIp¶ Ah-Ø- {Inbm-io-ea - mb Hcp hym]I ssNX\y-am-bn-«mWv {]ZÀin-
bnepw hnj-bn-bmb Bßmhv AYhm {]am- Xm-hmb Bßm ¸n-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. ""izkn-bv¡p¶ ka-b¯v CXn\v {]mW-s\-
kzXx-{ ]-I m-i-\ mbn hÀ¯n-b v¡ p¶p F¶ bmÚ-h - ¶pw, kwkm-cn-bv¡p-t¼mÄ hmIv F¶pw, ImWp-t¼mÄ
evIysâ A`n-{]m-b-¯nse bmYmÀ°yam-WnXv. ""kqcy-\- Is®-¶pw, tIÄ¡p-t¼mÄ sNhn-sb-¶pw, hnNmcw sN¿p-
kvX-an- ¡p-t¼mÄ Aán AW-ªp-t]m-Ip-t¼mÄ, Bßmhp t¼mÄ a\-sʶpw CXn\p t]À \evIp-¶p. Cu kwÚ-
am{Xw Xtâ-Xmb {]Im-i¯ - n {]Im-in-¡p-¶p.'' imco-cn- I-sfÃmw CXnsâ hnhn-[ -{]-hr-¯ n-I Ä¡pÅ-Xm-W v.''
Im-\p-`-h-§-sfm-¶p-an-Ãm¯, AaqÀ¯-amb kz]v\mZn A\p- C§ns\ hymJym- \ n- ¡ - s ¸« Bß m- h p- X - s ¶- b mWv
`-h§
- fpw IqSn-bn-Ãm-¯, hnj-b-iq-\yhpw IqSn-bmb Cu Ønc\pw \nXy-\p-amb hnj-bn. AXv PmKr-X-bnepw kz]v\-
Bßmhv tIh-e-samcp \njv^-ea - mb anYym-k-¦e - v]a
- m-
¯nepw ac-W-¯nepw \n{Zm-hØ - -bnepw _Ô-\w, apàn
sW¶v C{µ³ Icp-X p-¶p. Xm³ GXns\ Adn-bp¶p; Cu Ah-Ø-I-fnepw XpSÀ¶p-d¨p \nev¡p-¶p. AsX-Ãm-
GXns\ A\p-`-hn¡p¶p; GXns\ B[m-c-am¡n {Inb ¡m-e ¯pw AJn- e -h n- i z-t ¯bpw t\m¡n- s ¡m- ­ n-c n-
sN¿p¶p; AsXm-¶p-aà Bßm-s h-¦n Ah-bnÂ\n- bv¡p¶p. AXvhym-]I - -amb hnj-bn-bmWv; AtX kabw
s¶Ãmw _Ôw hn«-Xm-sW-¦nÂ, DÅ-S-¡-sam-¶p-an-ÃmsX hym]-I-amb hnj-b-hp-amWv. AXv ImWp-¶p-­v. ImWp-
ip²-iq-\y-am-sW-¦n ]ns¶ tijn-s¸-´p­v? ""H¶p-anÃ'' ¶n-Ã-Xm-\pw. D]-\n- j¯v C§s\ ]d- bp¶p: ""Ah³ ImWm-
C{µ³ ]dªp: ""FÃm-än \n¶pw apà-am-IpI F¶m- Xn-cn-bv¡p-t¼mÄ Ah³ ImWp-¶n-sÃ-¦nepw ImWp-¶p-­v.
eÀ°w H¶p-an-Ãm-¯-Xm-hpI F¶p Xs¶'' KuX-a-_p-²³ {ZjvSmhv Ahn-\m-in-bm-b-Xp-sIm­v ZÀi-\-i-àn-bvs¡m-cn-
Hcp hr£s¯ DZm-l-c-W-am-sb-Sp¯v tNmZn-bv¡p-I-bmWv: bv¡epw tem]w hcp-¶n-Ã. F¶m {ZjvSm-hns\ Hgn¨v
""AXnsâ Ce-I-sfÃmw ]dn¨p If-bp¶p; sIm¼p-I-sfÃmw ZÀin-bv¡m³ c­m-aXmsbmcp hkvXp-hn-Ã.'' Bßm-hp-X-
apdn-¡p¶p; tXmep apgp-h³ Dcn¡p¶p; A§ns\ FÃmw s¶-bmWp apgp-h³ hnizhpw; ""Rm³ Xs¶-bmWv CsX-
\in-¸n¡p-¶p. F¶m ]ns¶ hr£-ambn tijn-bv¡p-¶- Ãmw.''
sX-´m-Ip- sa- ¶m-Wq-lnt¡­Xv? _mly-Po- hn- Xs¯ \ntj- Cu hniz-kz-cq-]nbpw hy]-I-\p-amb Bßmhv AXnsâ
[n-bv¡p-¶-Xnsâ AÀ°w DÅn-epÅ Cuiz-csâ \mi-am- khn-ti-j-kz-`mhw Imc-Wa - mbn ZrjvSn-hn-j-b-am-Ip-¶n-Ã.
Wv. hnip-²- amb Bß- \n-jvT-X- bnÂ, F¯m- \p-tÅ-S-t¯mfw
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I {io. i¦-c³ ]d-bp¶p: ""km£n-`q-X\- mb Bßmhv tNX- ¡m³ Ign-bp-sa¶p ]e-]e kqà-§-fnepw \nÀt±-in¡p- K
\sb {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-¶p. F¶m Hcn-¡epw Xm³ kzbw ¶p. ImcWw B Ah-Øb - n {i²sb hn`-Pn-¨m-IÀjn-
tNX-\m-hn-j -b-a m-Ip-¶n-Ã.'' AXv Hc-\p-` hkma-{Kn-b-Ã ,- bv¡p¶ _mly-P-K -¯p-a mbn Bßm-h n-\pÅ _Ôw
FÃm{]tabhnjb§fpw AXn\pth­nbmsW¦nepw thÀs]-«n-cn-¡pw. amwk-i-co-c-¯nsâ D]-tcm-[-ap-s­-¦nepw
AXp kzbw {]ta-b -hn-j -b-a-Ã. ka-k vX-hn-Nm-c-§fpw ssZhn-Ia - mWv a\p-jym-ßm-hnsâ auen-I-kz-cq-]w. ""Cu
AXn\p th­n-bm-sW-¦nepw AXv Hcp hnNm-c-a-Ã. AXv \mem-as¯ AhØ hnj-bn-bpsS Úm\-ap-Å-XÃ; hnj-
FÃm ImgvN-If - p-tSbpw ASn-Øm-\-X-Xz- -am-sW-¦nepw AXv b-Úm-\a - p-Å-X-Ã. c­n-tâbpw Úm\-ap-ÅXp(D-`-b-{]-
kzbw ImgvNbv¡p hnj-b-a-Ã. D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ tZlhpw Úw- a-Ã. hnip-²-{]-Úm-kz-cq-]tam AJn-e-Úm-\i - -
Bßmhpw X½n XmZm-ßy-ap-s­¶p k½-Xn-¡p-I-bn-Ã. àn-bpsS ]pRvPtam AÃ. \n_n-Um-ÔI - m-c-sa¶p ]d-
AXp t]mse a\-Ênsâ hnhn-[m-h-Ø-IÄ, _mly-{]-Xy- bm-hp-¶-Xp-a-Ã. CXv AZr-jvShpw kÀÆm-Xn-im-bnbpw A{Km-
£-kw-`-h§ - -fpsS Ahn-Ñ n-¶{I-aw, AYhm ssNX-\ y- lyhpw A\p-am-\m-Xo-Xhpw ANn-´yhpw Ahy-tJy-bhpw
¯nsâ \nc-´c {]hmlw CXn-t\m-sSm¶pw Bßm-hnsâ Bß-{]-Xy-b-¯nsâ kmc-X-Xzhpw kwkm-c-¯nsâ ]qÀ®-
XmZmßyw Øm]n-bvIp-hm³ D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ Iq«m-¡p-I- X-bp-am-Wv. \nXy-im-´hpw kÀÆZm B\-µ-a-bhpw AssZz-
bn-Ã. _Ô-§ Âs¡m-cm-[mcw Bh-iy-am-bn-«p-Å-hbv¡v X-hp-amb CXp-X-s¶- bmWv Bßmhv'' Hm¦mcw CXnsâ {]Xo-
Bßmhv Hcp _Ô-am-bn-cn¡p-I-bn-Ã. hnhn[ LS-I-§- I-am-Wv. Hm¦m-c-¯nsâ `mK-§-fmb A.-D.- a. Pm{KÂ kz]v\w
fpsS ]c-kv]c - -kw-_Ô - ¯ - nsâ cq]hpw Bßm-hn-\n-Ã. kpjp]vXn F¶o aq¶-hØ - -IÄ¡v D]-e£ - -Wa - m-bn-cn-
Fs´-¶m AXn\p ]c-kv]c _Ôw Øm]n-bv¡m³ bv¡ p-¶p. Cu Bßmhv sFIm-´n-I-\Ã; FÃm-än\pw
Hcp {]Xn-\n[n Bh-iy-am-W.v hy]-I-amb Hcp tNX-\-bpsS s]mXp-hn B[m-c-amWv; FÃm-än-tâbpw k¯ CXns\
k¯sb AwKo-I-cn-¡m³ \mw \nÀº-Ôn-X-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. B{i-bn-¨n-cn-bv¡p-¶p. KmV- \n-{Z-bn \mw FÃm `mh-§fpw
AXp tNX-\-bpsS LS-I-§-fp-ambn \nc-´-c-km-l-N-cy-ap- \in-¨v, AJn-e-{]-]-©hpw hnep-]vX-amb Ønc-amb Htc-
ÅXpw LS-I-§-fpsS A`m-h¯ - nepw apS¡w IqSmsX I-Xz-¯n F¯p-¶X - mbn ]d-bm-hp-¶X - m-Wv. Bßm-hm-
\n¡m³ Ign-hp-Å-Xp-am-I-Ww. Bßm-hn-s\bpw A\m- Is« Cu hniz-¯nse kIe ]ZmÀ°-§- fp- tSbpw Úm\w
ßm-hn-s\bpw aqe-cq-]-¯n kzoI-cn-¡p¶ Cu auen-I- k¼m- Zn¨v Xsâ DÅn kpc-£n-X-am- ¡n-sh-¡p-¶p. Bßm-
amb XmZmßyw Xs¶-bmWv Bßm-sh¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶- hn\p ]pdsa bmsXm¶pw CÃ-Xm\pw. AXv Hcn-bv¡epw
Xv. AXnsâ k¯sb kw_-Ôn¨v BÀ¡pw ktµ-la - p- ]cn-hÀ¯-\a - n-Ãm¯ FÃm ]cn-hÀ¯-\-§-fn-eq-tSbpw \nc-
­m-Im³ h¿. ´cw Htc a«n XpSÀ¶p-sIm-­n-cn-bv¡p¶ \nXy-k-¯-
amÞq-tIym-]-\n-j-¯n tNX-\-bpsS Hcp hntÇ-j-W- bm-Wv. Nn¯-hr-¯n-IÄ hcp-¶p, t]mIp¶p, amdn-a-db - p-¶p.
ap-­.v Bßm-hn\p aq¶h-Ø-I-fp­v; Cu aq¶pw \mem-a- F¶m Bßmhv amä- a n- à msX G- I - c - k - a mbn \ne- s Im- Åp-
sXm- c- h - Ø - b n tN- c p¶p. Ah PmKrXn kz]v \ w ¶p. Bßmhv Adn- b p¶ hnjb§Ä¡v BZnbpw A´-
kpjp]vXn Ch-bm-Wv. \mem-a-t¯-Xmbn Xpco-bm-h-Ø-bpw. hp-ap­v; F¶m Bßmhv A\m-Znbpw A\-´h - p-am-Wv.
BZys¯ AhØ DWÀ¶n-cn-bv¡p¶ ka-b-¯p-Å-Xm- ""tNX- \ bv ¡ v hncmaw A \p- ` - h - s ¸- « n- « nÃ; t\cn«v
Wv. At¸mÄ Bßm-hn\v _mly-hn-jb - -§Ä \ndª km£m¡m- c - h p- a p- ­ m- b n- « n- à . C\n Ft¸m- s g- ¦ n- e p-ap-­m-
kmam- \ y- { ]- ] - © - s ¯- ¸ än Úm-\ - a p­mbncn-b v ¡ pw. bn- «p- s ­- ¦ n-
e Xp AtX tNX- \ b
- psS A\- h - c Xw XpS˦p-
At¸mÄ Bßmhv Øqe-]ZmÀ°-§sf A\p-`-hn-¨m-kz- \n-ev¡p-¶- aqÀ¯o-I-c-Ws - a-¶-t]mse FÃm-än\pw km-£n-
Zn-bv¡p-¶p. Cu ka-b¯p apJy-ambpw ico-cs¯ B{i- bmbn FÃmw A- \ p- ` - h n- ¡ p-¶-Xmbn FÃmäntâbpw ]n¶nÂ
bn-¨m-Wv Ign-bp-¶-Xv. c­m-a-t¯Xv kz]v\m- h-Øb - mWv. \nev ¡ p- ¶ - X m- b n- « m- W v .'' AXv apgp-h³k-¯- bp- tSbpw AkvXn-
AhnsS Bßmhv kq£va hkvXp-¡-fpsS B\µw A\p- hm- c a
- mWv . tÚb- § - f mb hnj- b-§Ä¡v ÚmXm-hmb
`-h n-bv¡ p-¶ p. AhnsS Pm{K-Z -h -Ø -bnse kma-{K-l n- hnj- b n- t bm- S pÅ B{in- X - X z- ¯ nsâ kz`mhw F{X-Xs¶
IÄsIm­v ]pXnb BIr-Xn-IÄ cq]-s¸-Sp¯n Hcp ]pXnb BhÀ¯n¨p ]d- ª n«pw XnI¨pw kv ] jvS-am-bn-«n-sÃ-¦nepw
temIw Xs¶ Bhn-j vI-cn-¡p-¶p. Bßmhv ico-c-_- \ap- ¡ - d n- h m- I p¶ s#Ãm- ä n\pw GI- k m£nbpw klm-bn-bm-
Ôs¯ hI-sh-bv¡msX kzX-{ ´-ambn Ae-ªp-\-S¡ - p- Im³ km[y- X - b pÅ GI- h - k X
v p- h p- a mWv AXv . Bßm- hnsâ
sa¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. aq¶m-as¯ AhØ KmV-\n-{Z-bp- aq¶- h - Ø - I - f m- b - P m- K r kz]v \ w kjp]v X n Chbpw CXn-
tS-Xm-Wv. AhnsS \ap¡v kz]-\v§-fp-anÃ; bmsXm-cn-Ñ-bp- sâ- s bÃmw Úm\w t\Sp¶ \mem- a s¯ Ah- Ø bpw
ap-­m-Ip-¶n-Ã. kpjp-]vXn-sb-¶m-Wn-Xnsâ t]À. B Ah- tNÀ¶m Bßm- h nsâ Ah- Ø I
- Ä {Ia- ¯ n hniz³,
Ø-bn Bßmhv Ipd-¨p-t\-c-t¯bv¡p {_Ò-hp-ambn ssXP-k³, {]mÚ³, Xpco-b³ F¶n-h-bm-Wv.
XmZmßyw {]m]n¨v B\-µ-a-\p-`-hn-bv¡p-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶p. kz]v\w Pm{KXv kpjp]vXn Cu aq¶-hØ - -It- fbpw
KmV-\n-{Z-bn \mw FÃm CÑ-I-fnÂ\n¶pw apà-cm-Ip¶p; h nt Ç - j W w sN b v Xv h nN m cw s N bv X m  A h
A\p-`-hn-¨p-h-cp¶ IjvS-¸m-Sp-I-fnÂ\n-¶p-IqSn apàn In«p- ""Ak¯p''If-sÃ-¦nepw Ab-YmÀ°-§-fm-sW¶ \nÀ®-
¶p. hntcm-[-§-sfÃmw Xs¶ \nÀÆn-j-b-Úm-\-cq-]-amb b - ¯ n- s e - ¯ pw.""B Z y - ¯ ne pw A h- k m - \ - ¯ ne p w
Bßm-hnsâ Cu Ah-Øb - n hnebw {]m]n-bv¡p-¶p. CÃm¯pXp a[y-¯n-ep-anà F¶p-d¸ - m-Wv.''CXnsâ ASn-
i¦-c³ ]d- bp- ¶Xv am\-k- hr-¯n-IÄ hgn D­m-Ip¶ ssZzX- Øm-\-¯n hnNmcw sNbvXm PmK-cn-X-Øm\w Ab-
`mhw BZys¯ c­-h-Ø-I-fnepw \ne-\nev¡pw; F¶m YmÀ°-am-Wv. kz]v\m-hØ - -IÄ \½psS aä-h-ØI - -tfmSv
Cu XrXo-bm-h-Ø-bn AXp-­m-hnà F¶m-Wv. kz]v\c - - CW-§m-¯-Xp-sIm­ v Ab-YmÀ°-am-sW¶p ]d-bm-sa-
ln-X-amb KmV-\n-{Z-bn \ap¡v ]c-am-\-µ-ckw A\p-`-hn- ¦n PmK-cn-Xm-hØ - -bnse A\p-`-h-§Ä kz]v\§ - -tfmSp
N P

I tbmPn-¡p-¶n-söpw ]d-ªp-IqtS? PmK-cn-Xm-h-Ø-bnse
A\p-`h§sf-t¸m-se-¯s¶ kz]v\m-h-Ø-bnse A\p-`-
h-§fpw Ah-bpsS aWvU-e-¯n s]mcp-¯-s¸-«p- \n¡p-
¶p-­.v {]]-©-hk - vXp-¡Ä Bßm-hnsâ khn-ti-j-`m-h-
§-fn-emWv bYmÀ°-ambn tXm¶p-¶X - v. PmK-cn-Xm-hØ - - ¯n\v thsdmcp hymJym\w Bh-iy-am-Ipw. aI³ {]mWs\
bnse A\p-`-h§ - fpsS am\ZWvUw kz]v\temI¯p]
tbmKn¡p¶Xpw A§s\ kz]v\temIs¯ \nµnbv¡p¶
Xpw icnbÃ. kz]v\m-h-Øb - n-tebpw Pm{K-Xm-hØ - -bn-
tebpw A\p-`-h§ - Ä hyXykvX \ne-I-fn-em-sW-¦nepw
Ab-YmÀ°- amWv . kz]v\-c-ln- X- amb KmV-\n- {Zn-bn \ap¡v
_mly- amtbm B`y´- c-amtbm hyà-amb bmsXmcp t_m[-
hp-an-Ãm¯ Hc-h-Ø-bm-Wp-Å-X.v AXv AÔmIm-c-¯nsâ
ad-bv¡p-Ån t`Z-Úm-\-cl - n-Xa - mb Hcp ]pRvPa - m-Wv.
Bßmhv `mhm-ß-I-amb ]c-am-\-µ-am-W.v AXv PmKr-Xntbm
kz]v\tam kpjp-]vXntbm AÃ. Cu aq¶-hØ - -IÄ¡pw
km£n- b mbn kÀÆm-X n- i m- b n-b mbn hÀ¯n- b v¡ p¶
Xpcobmh-Ø-bm-Wv.
Bßm-hn-s\-¸-än-bp-ff {]iv\w D]-\n-j-¯n-I-fn NÀ¨
sN¿-s¸« hnj-b-§-fn apJy-am-Wv. AXp A[ym-ß-hnZy
F¶ t]cn `K-hÂKo-X-bnepw thZm-´-kq-{X-§-fnepw
ho­pw hcp-¶p. Bß-kz-cq]-¯nsâ hntÇ-jWw D]-\n-
j-¯p-I -fpsS kz¯m-W v. AXv ]mc-¼ -cym-hImi-ambn
XpSÀ¶p-h¶ hnNm-c-im-kv{X-§Ä¡v In«n. CXp-aqew ]e
anYym- k - ¦ -e v] - § - f p- a p- ­ m- b n. Bß- k z- cq- ] - s ¯- ¸ än
_p²\pw i¦-c\pw I]n-e\pw ]X-RvPenbpw hncp-²k
²m-´-§Ä D¶-bn-¨n-«p-­v.
{_Òw
AssZz-X-]-c-amb Bibw EtKz-Z-Im-e¯v D­m-bn. kZm-
{In-bm-io-ehpw F¶m imiz-X-hn-{iaw sImÅp-¶-Xp-amb
\nXym-ßm-hns\ XÀ¡-kw-K-X-ambn hymJym-\n¡m-\pÅ
D¯-ch - m-ZnXzw D]-\n-j¯
- p-IÄ Gsä-Sp-¯p. asäm-cn-S¯v
Xmgv¶-X-e-¯n InS-¶n-cp¶ A]qÀ®m-i-b-§Ä DbÀ¶
\ne-b n- s e¯n IqSp-X Â kaÀ°-§ - f m- b n. ssX¯n-
cotbm]\n-j-¯n DÅ-t]m-se, ]tcm-KXn {]m]n-¨Xpw
\mw I­p. aq¶mw hÃn-bn ]p{X³ ]nXm-hns\ kao-
]n¨v FÃm hkvXp-¡fpw P\n¨v hnI-kn-¡p¶sXhnsS
\nt¶m, Ah-km\saÃmw aS-§p-¶s - X-hn-tSbvt¡m B ]c-
amÀ°- k -¯ -b psS kz`mhw D]-t Z-i n-¨ p-X - c-W -s a¶p
{]mÀ°n-bv¡p-¶p. Aѳ aI\v {_Ò-¯nsâ kmam-\y-e-
£-W§ - Ä ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¯p. {]kvXpX e£-W§ - Ä
Xr]vXn-I-c-ambn H¯ hkvXpsh Xncªp ]nSn-bv¡m\pw
]d-ªp. ""GsXm-¶n \n¶v Cu hkvXp-¡Ä P\n-bv¡p-
¶p-thm, P\n¨v GsXm-¶p- sIm­p Pohn-¡p-¶p-thm, arXyp-
Z-i-bn GsXm-¶n-tebv¡p {]th-in¡p-¶pthm AXmWv
{_Òw.'' {]]-©-¯nse ]ZÀ°- §-sfÃmw F¶pw BIrXn
amdns¡m­n-cn¡p-¶p. AXp-sIm­p ]c-amÀ°-cq-]-¯nÂ
Ah kXy-am-sW¶p KWn-bv¡m³ h¿. Ft¸mgpw amdn-
s¡m-­n-cn-bv¡p¶ \ma-cq-]m-ß-I-amb Cu hniz-¯nsâ
]Ým-¯-e-¯n Hcn-¡epw amdmsX Ønc-am-bn-cn-bv¡p¶
Hcp k¯-bpt­m? D]-\n-j-¯nsâ ]cn-`m-j-bn PK¯v
\ma-cq-]m-ß-I-am-sW¶p ]d-ªn-cn-bv¡p-¶p. ]p{X³ {]Ir-
Xn-sb-¯s¶ ]c-ak - -¯bmbn KWn-bv¡p¶p; _mly-{]-
]-©-¯nsâ Gähpw {][m-\-h-i-am-WtÃm {]Ir-Xn. temIm-
N P
8
b-Xn-I-·m-cpsS `uXn-I-hm-Zn-I-fpsS A`n-{]m-b-an-Xm-W.v {]Ir- K
Xnsb ]c-a-k-¯-bmbn AwKo-I-cn-¨m Pohn-X-kw-`-h-§-
fpsS apgp-h\pw hni-Zo-Ic - -W-am-Ib - nà F¶p ]p{X³ Ffp-
¸-¯n a\-Ên-em-¡n. h\-kv]-Xn-hÀ¤-¯nsâ hnIm-k-
AYhm Pohs\ ]c-amÀ°-k-¯-bmbn FSp-¯p-Im-«p-¶p.
{]Ir-Xn-sb-¡q-SmsX Poh\v (Po-h-i-àn-bv¡v) \ne-\n¡m-
\-hn-sÃ-¦nepw {]Ir-Xn-bn Poh-c-lk - y-¯nsâ km¶n-²y-
an-Ã. PU-]Z- mÀ°-§sf DÄs¡m-Åm\pw Ahsb cq]-am-
ä-¯n\p AÀl-am-¡m-\papÅ hntj-i{- ]-`mhw Poh-i-àn-
bv ¡ p- ­ v . C tX ià n- b mWv a\p- j y- i - c o- c - ¯ nÂ
ktkymÂ]-¶§ - sf càhpw AØnbpw t]in-I-fp-ambn
amäm³ klm-b n-bv¡p¶ auen-I-X-X zw. AJne hniz-
¯nepw hym]n-¨Xpw a\p-jys\ CX-ck - r-jvSn-If - p-ambn
_Ôn-¸n-¡p-¶Xpw Cu XXzwXs¶-bm-Wv. {]mW³ ico-
c-km-c-am-sW-¦nepw {]Ir-Xn-bnÂ\n¶pw hyXy-kvX-co-Xn-bn-
emWv Pohn-X -¯ nsâ hyh-Ø-s b¶v ]p{X-\ p-d-¸ p-­v .
F¶m {]iv\] - -cn-l m-c-ambn {]mWs\ ]c-a-k-bmbn
AwKo-Ic - n-¨mepw AbmÄ¡p Xr]vXn-bm-Ip-¶n-Ã. Fs´-
¶m {]mWn-tem-I-¯n \ap¡\p-`-h-am-Ip¶ tNX-\m-
{]-Xn-`m-k-§sf Poh-\X - Xzw sIm­v hymJym-\n¡m³
km[y-a-Ã. a\Êv AYhm {]Xy-£-amb Úm\m-ß-I-tN-
X\ Poh-ià - n-bn \n¶pw {]Ir-Xn-bn \n¶pw XnI¨pw
hne£W-amb Hcp hkvXp-hm-Wv. AXv {]mW-{]-{In-b-bpsS
- n- intcm-aI - p-Sa- m-sW¶p tXm¶p-¶p. AXp-sIm­p ]p{X³
a\-ÊmWv {_Ò-sa¶p hniz-kn-bv¡p-¶p. F¶-meXpw ]cym-
]vXa - m-Ip-¶n-Ãt- Ãm. tIhew {]Xy£ Úm\w- sIm­v
hymJym-\n-bv¡m³ Ign-bm¯ _u²n-I-kw- `-h-§sf{Xtbm
ImWmw. hnÚm-\-amWv {_Òw. _u²n-I-X-e-¯nÂ
ssZzX`mh-¯ntâbpw _mly-X-bp-tSbpw XXz-§-fp-s­¶
hkvXpX {]ZÀin-¸n-¡p-I-bmWv D]-\n-j-¯p-I-fpsS e£yw.
Úm\-¯nepw [mÀ½n-IP - o-hn-X-¯nepw hnj-b-hn-j-bn-_-
Ô-ap-­v. k¯sb Úm\-¯nsâ ]cn-`m-jb - n \nb-
{´n¨p \nÀ¯m-¯n-S¯v tIhe _p²n-bnÂ\n-¶p-bÀ¶
DÂIr-jvS-amb Ft´m H¶p-­m-bn-cn-bn-¡-Ww. k¯-bn-
epÅ sFIy-¯nsâ Bhiyw \mw _u²n-IX - e- -¯nÂ
\n¶p-b-c-Ws - a-¶m-Wv. hnNmcw \mw a\-Ên-em-¡m-dp-Å-
t]mse Zqsc \nev¡p-¶Xpw hnNm-c-{]-{In-b-bn \n¶p `n¶-
hp-amb hnj-b-§-tfm-SmWv _Ô-s¸«p {]hÀ¯nv¡p-¶-Xv.
AXv X¶nÂ\n¶p ]pd-¯v, X¶nÂ\n¶p `n¶hpw hncp-
²- kz-`m-h- ap-Å-Xp- amb GtXm H¶n-tebv¡v tXSn-sb-¯p¶p.
bYmÀ°-k¯ hnNm-c-¯nÂ\n¶p `n¶-amWv; Adn-bp-¶-
h\pw Adn-b p¶ hnj- b hpw Adnhpw (Úm-X mhpw
Úm\hpw tÚ-b-hpw) H¶m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. ZmÀi-\n-Ih - n-
Nm-c-¯nsâ At\z-jWw Chn-sS-sb¯n Ah-km-\n-bv¡p-
¶-p . CXp-s Im­p B\-µ-¯ n-\ p-a o-s X-bmbn H¶p-anÃ
F¶mWv \nÀ±n-jvS-am-Ip-¶-Xv. AXp-X-s¶-bmWv ]c-a-k-¯.
Cu B\µw \nc-´cw {Inbm-io-ehpw kpJm-ß-I-hp-amb
Hc-\p-`-ha - mWv; AYhm Ign-hnsâ \nÀºm-[a - mb {]tbm-K-
am-Wv. iq\y-¯n hnfbn-¡-e-Ã, {]mWn ]qÀ®X {]m]n-
¡-em-Wn-X.v ""hnth-I-Zr-jvSn-tbmsS t\m¡p¶ Úm\n-IÄ
Ah-cpsS AXypÂIr-jvS-amb Úm\w-sIm­v B\-µ-cq-
]-\mbpw \nXy-kz-cq-]-\mbpw {]Im-in-bv¡p¶ Bßm-hns\
km£m¡-cn¡p-¶p. kXyw ]dªm AXypÂIr-jvS-
 9

I amb bYmÀ°-k-¯sb hni-Zo-I-cn¡m³ \mw Ak-aÀ°- ambn \ne-\n-ev¡p¶ Cu {]]-©-¯n F´n-s\-sb-¦nepw K

cm-Wv, AXv AaqÀ¯tam aqÀ¯tam F¶ tNmZyw t]mepw hne-bn-cp-¯mt\m hninjvSX kzoI-cn-¡mt\m \ap¡v Ign-
bpàn-k-l-a-Ã. \mw GsX-¦nepw hn[-¯n-e-Xns\ hnh- bmsX hcpw. Cuiz-c\pw {_Òhpw {]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn H¶p-
cn-bv¡-W-sa¶v _u²n-Ia - mb Bhiy§Ä t{]cn-¸n¡p- Xs¶ F¶mWv D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-X.v Gähpw
¶p. AXns\ tIhew AaqÀ¯-ambn KWn-bv¡p-¶-Xn-t\- kq£va-X-tbmsS ZmÀi-\n-I-ZrjvSym IrXy-ambn hnth-N\w
¡mÄ aqÀ¯-ambn KWn¡p-¶-XmWv IqSp-X bYmÀ°-am- sNbvXv \mw Bß-t_m-[t- ¯msS ""Rm\m-Ip¶p Rm³''
hp-I. DbÀ¶ XXz-§-sfÃmw AXm-Xn \n¶p Xmgv¶ XXz- F¶p ]d-bp-t¼mÄ ]c-a-k-¯-bn \n¶p AXy´w Npcp-
§-sf-¡mÄ aqÀ¯hpw ka-th-Xh - p-am-Wv. AXp-sIm­p §n-b, Iev]n-bv¡m³ am{Xw Ign-bp-¶, eLp- -Xz-ap-s­¶p
{_Òw-X-s¶-bmb B\µw asä-Ãm-än-t\-¡mfpw kÀÆ-{Km- ]d-tb-­n-hc - p-¶p. Cu AÀ²-iq\yw aXn-bmbn i¦-c\v
ln-bm-W.v FÃm hkvXp¡fpw AXnÂ\n¶pd¶p hcp¶p. FÃm-än\pw B[m-c-`q-Xhpw kXy-hp-amb hnip-²-k-¯sb
AXn\m¯s¶ FÃm hkvXp-¡fpw ØnXnsN¿p¶p. tZi-Im-e-§-fmepw Imc-W¯ - mepw B_-²-amb {]]-©-
HSp-hn FÃmw AXn-te-¡p-Xs¶ hnebw {]m]n-bv¡p- ¯nsâ DÂ]-¯nbv¡v Ic-W-am-¡n-¯oÀ¡m³ . hnip-²-
¶p. J\n-P§ - Ä, h\-kv]-Xn-PK - ¯
- v, {]mWn-Pm-ew, a\p- {_-Ò - s ¯- ¸ än hnNmcw sN¿m³ XpS- § p-¶ - t XmsS
jy-k-aqlw C§-s\-bpÅ hnhn-[-`m-K-§Ä¡v B ]c-tam- iq\ys¯ t`Z-I-X-Xzhpw AXp-t]mse kÀÆm-[m-c-hp-am-
¶-X-k-¯-bp- am-bpÅ _Ôw tIhew AaqÀ¯tam bm{´n- ¡p-¶p-s­¶v D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ ]tcm-£- ambn kzoI-cn-bv¡p-
Itam AÃ. Ah-sbÃmw Ah-bv¡m-[m-c-`q-Xa - mcn¡p¶ ¶p. kwL-Sn-X-amb ]qÀ®-k-¯-bmbn ]n¶oSp hnI-kn-
hym]-I-amb H¶n-\p-Ån GIo-`q-Xa - mbn \n¡p-¶p. Cu bv¡p¶ Úm\-kz-cq-]-\mb Cuiz-c³ k¯nsâ A[n-
{_ÒmÞ¯nepff FÃm `mK§fpw kÀÆ hym]Iamb Imw-ihpw Ak-¯nsâ \yq\mw-i-hp- am-W.v _mly-X-bp-ambn
Cu BXva mhnsâ Awi§fmWv . Ah AXmXnsâ AXn\p _Ôhpw Ipd-hm-Wv. ]c-amÀ°-k¯ {]]-©k-
hcpXn¡pff Imcy§Ä \nÀÆln¡m\mbn khntij ¯bpsS cq]-¯n {]I-S-am-Ip-¶p. CXp-sIm-­p-Xs - ¶-
cq]w ssIs¡m­p \ne\n¡p¶p. Cu hn`m-K-§Äs¡m- bmWv {]]-©¯n-epÅ hnhn-[-h-kvX p-¡fpw DÄs¡m-
¶n\pw kzX-{´-amb AkvXn-Xz-an-Ã. B H¶nsâ B{in- Åp¶ bYmÀ° k¯-bpsS tXmXp-I-s f, ]c-a-k -¯-
X- ` m-K -§ -f m-s W-Ã mw. thcp- I Ä tatem«pw imJ- I Ä bnÂ\n¶v Ah-bn-tebv¡pÅ hkvXp-¡-fn-seÃmw tZiw
Iogvt]m«pw ]SÀ¶p-]n-Sn¨ k\m-X\ - a- mb Biz-°-hr-£- Imew ImcWw F¶o kmam\y LS-I-§-sf-t¸m-se-¯s¶
ap-­v. AXp Xs¶-bmWv DÖz-e-amb {_Òw. AXp Xs¶ {_Ò-¯nsâ A`n-hy-ànbpw {]Xy-£-am-Ip-¶p-­v.cmam-\p-
Aar-X w. AJn-e - h n- i zhpw AXn HXp- § p-¶ p. Hcp Psâ aqÀ¯-{_-Òhpw i¦-csâ Cuiz-c\pw B hnip-²-
hkvXphpw AXnsâ ]pd¯p t]mIp-¶n-Ã.'' {_-Ò-t¯mSv Gä-hp-a-Sp¯p \nev¡p-¶-h-bm-Wv. CXn-ep-a-
\mw ]c-ak - -¯sb B\-µ-am-sW¶p hymJym-\n-¨p. [n-Iw -A-Sp-¸-apÅ H¶ns\ Duln-bv¡m³ IqSn km[y-a-
CXp-sIm­v ]c-a-k¯ Ahym-tJy-b-am-sW¶p km[m-cW Ã. kÀtÆmÂIr-jvS-amb {_Òtam AYhm B\-µtam
]d-ªp-h-cm-dpÅ A`n-{]m-bs¯ JÞn-bv¡p-I-bm-Wp-­m- hnÚm-\-¯n-tâtbm Bß- ssN-X- \y-¯n-tâtbm \ne- bnÂ
b-Xv. k- ÀÆmw-K] - qÀ®-amb k¯sb Adn-bm-\pÅ cN-\m- tkzÑbm kzoI-cn¨ ]cn-[n-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn hyàn-cq-]-\mb
ß- I-amb FÃm {]b- Xv\hpw km[m-c-W- bmbn sNs¶-¯pI Cuiz-c-\m- bn-¯o- cp-¶p. Cuiz- c³ AsÃ-¦n Bßmhv GI-
aqÀ¯-amb Hcp ]qÀ®-X-bn-em-Wv. aqÀ¯-amb B\-µ-amWv Xz-¯nsâ AkvXn-hm-c-amWv; {]IrXn AYhm A\m-ßmhv
{]mamWn-Ik - ¯ AXhm hnNm-c-i-àn-bn A`n-hy-à- _lp-Xz-X-X z-am-Wv.
am- Ip¶ bYmÀ°yw. CXn- s\-bmWv cmam- \p- P³ kÀtÆmÂIr- {_Òhpw Bßmhpw
jvS-amb {_Ò-ambn kzoI-cn-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. ka-kvX-Kp-W§ - - hnjbw hnj-bn, _vÒw Bßm, kmÀÆ-`u-a-X Xzw
fnÂ\n¶pw kzX-{´-amb hnip² {_Ò-amWv \ncp-]m-[nI Bß-XXzw Cu bpÜ-I-§Â kam-\§ - -fmWv, A`n-¶-§-
k¯ AYhm i¦-c³ kzoI-cn-¨n-«pÅ \nÀ¤pW {_Òw. fm- W.v {_Ò- amWv Bßmhv. ""a\p-jy-\n-epÅ Cu {_Òhpw
BZy-t¯Xv (cm-am-\p-Pt- â-Xv) kphy-h-Øn-Xa - mb ]qÀ®- kqcy-\n-epÅ Cu {_Òhpw c­pw H¶p-X-s¶-bm-Wv. EtKz-
k-¯-bmWv; c­m-a-t¯Xv (i-¦-c-tâ-Xv) Ahym-tJy-b-amb Z-¯n {]Xn-]m-Zn¨ Cuiz-csâ kÀÆm-Xn-im-bn-Xz-`m-h\
bYmÀ°y-am-Wv. i¦-csâ aX-¯n-¶-\p-k-cn¨v c­m-a-t¯- ChnsS kÀÆm-´c - ym-an-bpsS `mh-ambn ]cn-Wa- n-¨n-cn-bv¡p-
X-pX- s¶bpw H¶m- a-t¯-Xmbn kzbw hnf-§p-¶p. A´ÀZr- ¶p. A\´w km´-¯ n\p ]pd-¯ Ã; km´-¯ n-¶ p-
jvSn-sIm­v ÚmX-amb k¯-bm-Is« ]qÀ®-Úm-\-am- Ån¯-s¶-bm-Wv. D]-\n-j-¯p-I-fpsS Úm\-]mTw hnj-
sW¶p tXm¶p-¶p. bn\n-jvT-am-b-XmWv Cu amä-¯n-\p-¯-c-hm-Zn. {_Òhpw
XÀ¡-kn²amb AXyp-¶X k¯-sb-bmtWm AYhm Bßmhpw X½n-epÅ XmZm-ßy-¯n {i² sNep-¯pI!
]c-ak - -¯sb BtWmB\-µ-ambn KWnt¡-­Xv F¶ F¶m AXnsâ alXzw D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ¡-¸p-d¯v Ah-
ktµ-l¯ - n \n¶mWv FÃm hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Zhpw DÛ-hn-¨- bp-­mb Ime-¯n\pw tZi-¯n-\p-a-¸p-d-¯v. F¯n-bn-«p-Å-
sX¶v {]Xy-£-am-Wv. i¦-cm-Nm-cyÀ kaÀ°n-¡p¶ hn[w Xm-bn-¡mWmw. C\nbpw Fs´Ãmw ssZhn-I-Úm-\-§fpw
A´À±Ài\w sIm­v {]m]n-t¡-­-Xmb kc-fa - mb \ncp- I­p-] n- Sp- ¯ -§ -f p-a mWv hn{i-a - a n-à msX Kth-j Ww
]m-[n-I-{_-Ò-t¯bpw cmam-\p-Psâ aqÀ¯-amb ]qÀ®-{_- sN¿p¶ PnÚm-k p-¡ -f psS ap¼n {]Xy-£ -a m-I m-
Ò-t¯bpw kv]jvS-am¡n thÀXn-cn¨p ImWn-bv¡ p¶ \ncnbv¡p¶-sX¶p ]d-bm³ Ign-bn-Ã. `mhn-bnse XXz-hn-
sXfnª AXnÀ¯n- tc-J-I-sfm¶pw D]-\n-j- ¯p-IÄ hc¨p Nmcw \ho-\hpw Akm-[m-c-W-hp-amb GsXÃmw amÀ¤-§-
sh¨n-«nÃ. C\n \ma-Xns\ thÀXn-cn-bv¡p-¶] - £w aqÀ¯- f-hX - c
- n-¸n-¨mepw icn, Cu ZmÀi-\n-I-XXzw Ønc-ambn

N P
 10
I \nev¡pw. CXn \n¶v Hcp-X-c-¯n-epÅ hyXn-bm-\-§fpw
D­m-h pI kw`m-hy-a-Ã .'' hnjb-hn-j-b n-I -f psS Cu
XmZmßyw tIhew Hc-kv]jvS-k-¦ev]w am{X-aà - , bpàn-
bp-à-amb hnNmcw, A\p-`-hw, CÑm-iàn Ch-bpsS ^en-
XmÀ°-am-Wn-Xv. {]IrXn hnNm-c-tbm-Kyhpw tXmen-]n-bv¡-
s¸-Sm-hp-¶Xpw kvt\ln-bv¡m³ sImÅm- hp-¶-Xp-am-bn-cp-¶n-
sÃ-¦n a\p-jym-ßm-hn\v AXn-s\-¡p-dn¨v hnNm-cn-¡mt\m
AXns\ Iogvs]-Sp-¯mt\m kvt\ln-bv¡mt\m Ign-bp-am-
bn-cp-¶n-Ã. {]IrXn Hcp hnjbnbpsS hnj-b-am-Wv. XnI¨pw
_p²n-K-ayhpw bpàn-kw-K-Xhpw hi-s¸-Sp-¯m³ Ign-hp-
ÅXpw kvt\ln-bv¡m³ AÀl-hp-am-Wv. a\p-jy-\p-th-­n-
bmWv CXv \ne-\n-ev¡p-¶-Xv. \£-{X-k-aqlw AXnsâ
I¡ sImfp-¯ n-s h¨ Zo]-§ -f mWv; AÔ-I mcw
AXns\ Dd- ¡m-\pÅ Xmcm-«p-]m-«pw. {]IrXn Pohn- X-¯nsâ
Bßo-b-bm-YmÀ°y-¯ n-tebv¡ v \s½ hnfn-bv ¡p¶p;
Bßm-hnsâ Bh-iy-I-X-Isf \nd-th-äp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
{]Ir-X nsb \nÀ½n-bv¡p-¶ Xpw iàn-s ¸-Sp-¯ p-¶ Xpw
sIm­p-\S- -¯p-¶Xpw FÃmw Bßm-hp-Xs - ¶-bm-Wv. a\p-
jy³ hnNm-cn-¡m³ XpS§nb Imew sXm«v hnjb hnj-
bn-I-fpsS Cu GI-Xzw, FÃm-änepw hym]n-¨Xpw FÃm-än-
t\bpw X ¶n DÄs¡m-Åp-¶-Xp-amb Hcp tI{µ-k-¯-
bpsS AkvXnXzw; `à-P-\-§-fpsS kn²m-´-ambn hÀ¯n-
bv¡p-¶p. aX-]-ca- mb cl-ky-hm-Zhpw AKm-[a - mb [À½-
\n-jvTbpw "AXp \o BIp¶p' "XXz-akn' F¶X valm-
hm-Iy-¯nsâ bmYmÀ°y-¯n\p km£n-bmWv. \ap-¡Xp
a\-Ên-em-bn-s öp hcmw. F¶m AXn-s \-¸ -ä n-bpÅ
AÚX \ap-¡-Xns\ \ntj-[n-bv¡m³ th­{X Imc-W-
am-Ip-¶n-Ã .
{_Òs ¯ k w_- Ô n- ¨ pÅ hnhn[[mc- W - I Ä
Bßkw- _-Ôn-I-fmb hnhn-[m- i-§-tfmSpw tbmPn-bv¡p-¶p-
­v. adn-¨p-ap-­.v PmKrXn kz]v\w kpjp]vXn Bßm-hnsâ
kam-[y-hØ Chsb ]n¡m- es¯ thZm-´- {K-Ù-§-fnÂ
thÀXn-cn¨p kv]jvS-am¡n ]d-ªn-«p-­v. Ah {_Òs¯
kw_-Ôn¨ hnhn-[-[m-c-WI - sf A\p-Iq-en-bv¡p-¶p-ap-­v.
]c-{_Òw B\µw Xs¶-bm-Wv. AXp \mem-as¯ AXm-
bXv Xpco-bm-h-Ø-bn A`n-hy-à-am-Ip¶ Bß kzcq]w
Xs¶-bmWv. AhnsS hnj-bhpw hnj-bnbpw H¶m-Ip-¶p.
{ZjvSmhpw ZrjvSn-bpw Z- r-iyhpw (Im-Wp-¶h - \pw ImWp-¶-
I®pw ImW-s¸-Sp- ¶-h- kvXp-hpw) Hcp k¼qÀ®-{_-Ò- ¯nÂ
kt½-fn¨v GIm-Im-c-am-Ip-¶p. Bßmhv a\p-jysâ am\-
kn-Ihpw {]mW-i-àn-`q-Xh - p-amb Bß-`m-h-t¯mSv XmZm
ß yw Øm]n- b v ¡ p- t ¼mÄ {_Òw Cuiz- c - t âbpw
a\pjymßmhn-tâbpw CS-bv¡pÅ lnc-Wy-KÀ`³ AYhm
hnizm-ßm-hmbn Iotgm«p hcp-¶p. EtKz-Z-¯nsâ kzm[o-\-
iàn ImWmw. hniz-¯n\v Hcp tNX- \bpw Hcn-Ñm-i-ànbpw
Ds­¶v Icp-Xs - ¸-Sp-¶p. a\Êv Ft¸mgpw ico-c-t¯m-Sp-
Iq-sS-bn-cn-bv¡p-¶p. a\-Ênsâ hnkvXr-X-]-cn-]mSnIÄ ico-
c-¯nsâ hnkvXr-X. hyh-ØI - -tfm-sSm-¯p-t]m-Ipw. \mw
Pohn-bv¡p¶ Cu hniz-¯n\v kz´-ambn Hcp a\-Êp­v;
Cu a\Êv lncWyKÀ`-\m-Wv. Cu hnizmßmhns\Êw_
Ôn¨pff Bibw D]\nj¯pIfn ]e \ma§fnepw
cq]§fnepw ImWmw CXns\ Imcy{_Òsa¶p ]dbp¶p.
ImcW{_Òamb Cuizc\n \n¶v `n¶amWv Cu
N P
Imcy{_Òw; krjvSnbv¡s¸Sp¶ FÃm hkvXp¡fptSbpw K
kap¨bamWv. AJne Imcy§fptSbpw tNX\mßIamb
kap¨bw {_Òw AYhm lncWy KÀ`\mWv. CXp
km£m {_Ò-¯n \n¶v kÀÆYm `n¶-a-Ã. {_Òw
hnip-²-am-W v, hyàn-bm-Wv. AXoh kzmß-cq-]a - m-W v.
GIhpw AZzn-Xo-b-hp-am-W.v Hcp L«-¯n-eXp {kjvSm-hmbn
AXmbXp Cuiz-c-\mbn ImW- s¸-Sp¶p; asäÃm ka-b¯pw
AXns\ krjvSn-bmbn AXm-bXp lnc-Wy-KÀ`sâ cq]-
¯n ImWp-¶p. Cu {_Òm-hp-IqSn {_Ò-¯nÂ\n-¶m-
Wp-Û-hn-bv¡p-¶-Xv. ""AXp-Xs - ¶-bmWv {_Òm-hnsâ DÛ-
h-Øm-\w.'' ka-kvX-hn-j-b-{]-]-©-t¯bpw Xm§n \nev¡p-
¶Xv hnj-bn-bm-Wv. B hnj-bn, hyàn cq]n-If - mb hnj-
bn-I-sfÃmw hnebw {]m]n¨p Ign-ªmepw {]]-©-c-N\ - -
bpsS k¦-ev]-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bn-cnbv¡p¶p. \mw Bßmhpw
\½psS ico-chpw H¶m-sW¶p k¦-e v] n-bv¡ p-t¼mÄ
{_Òw hniz-cq]n AXm-bXv hncm-«m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. hncm«v
ka-kvX-hp-am-Wv. k¼qÀ®-k-¦-ev]-¯nsâ kmc-`q-X-am-W.v
Aán At±-l-¯nsâ inc-ÊmWv; kqcy-N-{µ-·mÀ I®p-I-
fmWv; \mep Zn¡p-Ifpw At±- l-¯nsâ sNhn-I-fm-W.v At±-
l-¯n-Â -\n-¶p- Xs¶ DÂ`-hn¨ {]kn-²-§f - mb thZ-
§Ä hm¡m-Wv. hmbp {]mW-\m-Wv. kakvX hnizhpw
At±-l-¯nsâ lrZ-b-am-Wv. At±-l-¯nsâ ]mZ-§fnÂ
\n¶mWv `qan-bp-­m-bXv. hncm-«nsâ icocw `uXn-I] - -
ZmÀ°-§fpsS kwln-X-bm-Wv. hncm«v {]Xy-£-\mb Cuiz-
c-\m-Wv. At±-l-¯nsâ C{µn-b-§Ä Zn¡p-If - m-Wv. At±-
l-¯nsâ icocw ]©-`q-X§ - -fmWv; At±-l-¯nsâ tNX-
\-bm-Is« ""Rm³ kÀÆ-hp-amWv'' F¶ `mh-\-bm {]Im-
in-b v¡ p-¶ -X p-a m-W v. hncm-S v] p-cp-j sâ hnIm-k -¯ n\p
ap¼mbn hniz- {]-Ú-sbt¶m lnc-Wy- KÀ`- s\t¶m ]d-bp¶
kq{X-ßm-hnsâ hnIm-k -ap-­m-bn-¡ -gn-ªn-cn-bv¡ p-¶p.
kq£va-i-co-c-§-fpsS kwln-X-bm-W-t±l¯nsâ hml-\w.
lnc-Wy-KÀ`\p tij-amWv hnc«v {]mZpÀ`-hn-bv¡p-¶-Xv.
hncm-«nsâ cq]-¯n lnc-Wy-KÀ`³ {]Xy-£-\m-Ip-¶p.
]camÀ°k¯ kÂ, NnÂ, B\µw þ AXm-bXv ØnXn
tNX\ ]c-a-kpJw F¶n-h-bpsS cq]-¯n-emWv hÀ®n-bv¡-
]-s¸«n-«p-Å-Xv. ""Úm\w, iàn, {Inb Ch-bm-WX - nsâ
kzcq]w.'' AXp kzbw Imc-W -a mWv. {_Òw-k¯pw
NnÂkz-cq-]hpw A\-´-hp-am-W.v ]c-amÀ°-k¯ Hcp hnNm-
c-aÃ; Hcp iàn-bÃ; Xosc A\m-k-àa - mb _mly-h-
kvXp-hp-aÃ- . F¶m-eXv ka-kvX-km-c`- q-X-amb XXz-¯n-
tâbpw Pohn- X -k - ¯ - b p- t Sbpw BZÀi- ¯ n- t âbpw
bmYmÀ°y-¯n-tâbpw Úm\w, t{]aw, kuµcyw Ch-bp-
tSbpw kPo-ha - mb sFIy-amWv. AXv \ntj-[m-ß-Ia - mb
A\n-Ýn-X-X-Xz-a-sÃ-¶n-cn-bv ¡nepw ap¼p ]d-ª-t]mse
"t\Xn t\Xn' F¶v \ntj-[n-¨p-sImt­ AXns\ hÀ®n-
bv¡m-s\m-¡p-I-bp-Åp.
Pohm-ß mhv
koan-X-]-ZmÀ°-§-fn Pohm-ßm-hn\v AXyp-¶X - -bm-
YmÀ°y-ap-s­¶pw D]- \n-j- ¯p-IÄ Øm]n-bv¡p-¶p. AXv
]c-{_-Ò-a-sÃ-¦nepw ]c-{_-Òt- ¯m-tS-ä-hp-a-Sp¯p \nev¡p-
¶p. km´-amb Pohm-ßm-hns\ hniz-¯nsâ {]Xn-_n-_w-
_-sa¶ \ne-bn hÀ®n-bv¡p¶ D]-\n-jZ- zm-Iy-§-fp-ap-
­v. km´w A\-´a - m-bn-¯o-cm³ th­n {]bm-k-s¸-Sp¶
 11
I {]{In-b-bmWv Cu AJn-e-hn-izw-Xs¶. Cu {]£p-_v[m-
hØ Pohm-ßm-hnepw ImWp-¶p. ssX¯n-co-tbm-]\ - n-j-
¯n-¶-\p-k-cn¨ hniz-{_-Òm-WU
v -¯nsâ ]e LS-I-§fpw
Pohm-ßm-hn ImWp-¶p-­v. Aán-bpw Pehpw ]rYznbpw
A\-´-k-¯-tbm-Sp-tNÀ¶mWv Pohm-ßm-hns\ krjvSn-¨n-
«p-Å-sX¶p ]d-ªn-cn-bv¡p-¶p.
bYmÀ° k¯-bpsS hnhn-[m-h-ØIÄ H¯p-tN-cp¶
kt½-f-\-Øm-\-amWv am\-h³. {]mW³ hmbp-hn\pw AXm-
bXv ico-c-¯nse izmtkm-Ñzmkw PK-¯n \nc-´cw
hoip¶ Imän-\pw, a\Êv BIm-i-¯n\pw AXm-bXv am\h
a\Êv hniz-¯nse A´-co£(Cu-XÀ)-¯n\w A\-cq-]-
§-fm-bncn¡p-¶p. Øqe-i-co-ca - m-Is« hniz-¯nsâ `uXn-
I-hk - vXp-¡t- fmSpw B\p-cq]yw hln-¡p-¶p. a\p-jym-ßm-
hn\v PohÂk-¯-bpsS FÃm Ah-ØI - -tfmSpw ASn-apSn
_Ô-ap-­v. AXn-\p-Ån Hcp Znhy-X-Xz-ap-­v. AXp-sIm-
­mWv \mw ]c-am-\µw \ÂIp¶ tNX\ F¶p hyh-l-cn-
¡p¶ B\-µm-hØ - -bp-­m-I-¶X - v. AXp-hgn A]qÀÆ-k-
µÀ`-§-fn \ap¡v (a-\p-jym-ßm-hn-\v) {_Ò-t¯mSv Gä-
hp-a-Sp¯ k¼À¡-ap-­m-Ip-¶p. koan-X-amb "Alw' AsÃ-
¦n ico-c-[m-cn-bmb Poh³ C{µn-b-§-tfmSpw a\-tÊmSpw
_Ôn¨p \n¡p¶ Bßm-hm-Wv.
hn`n¶- X - ¯ z- § Ä AØn-c- a mb kam-\ -X -t bmsS
hÀ¯n-bv¡p-¶p. ""c­p ]£n-If - p-­v. Htc Xe-¯n-ep-Å-
h, AXy-´-an-{X-§Ä. Htc hr£s¯ B{i-bn-¨n-cn-bv¡p-
¶p. Ah-bn-s em¶v a[p-c-a mb ^ew Xn¶p-s Im-­ n-cn-
bv¡p¶p. F¶m atäXv X³ Xn¶msX AXv t\m¡n-
s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. AtX hr£-¯n-t·Â hniz hr£-¯n-
t·Âþ a\p-jy³ Cuiz-c-t\mSp IqsS Xma-kn-¡p-¶p. Xs¶
Npän ]nSn-¨n-cn-bv¡p¶ t¢i-§fpw IjvS-§-fpw ImcW-
ambn aqÀÑn-¡p¶p; Xsâ \nÊ-lm-bm-h-Ø-bn ZpxJn-¡p-
¶p. F¶m AXv atä-Xns\- - ¡m-Wp-t¼mÄ PKÂ{]-`p-hmb
Xsâ Iq«p-Im-cs\ ImWp-t¼mÄ þ B Zhy k¶n-[n-bnÂ
aXn-a-d-¶m-Ëm-Zn¡p-¶p. lm Fs´mcp tPymXnÊv! AtXmsS
Ahsâ tÇi-§Ä Zqsc-b-I-ep-¶p.'' {]mIr-X\pw Znhy\pw
X½n Ønc-amb s]mcp¯w {]m]n¨p Ign-ªn-«n-Ã. Pohm-
ßm-hnsâ k¯ \nc-´cw ]cn-Wa - n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn¡p-¶p.
Xm\-Ãm¯ H¶ns\ {]m]n-¡m³ ]n³Xp-SÀ¶p {]b-Xv\n-
¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. a\-jy-\n-epÅ Pohm-ßmhv A`n-ap-
Jo-I-cn-¡ p-¶-{]-i v\ -amWv \m\m-Xzw. AXn GIXzw
Øm]n-¡m³ A\-´m-ßmhv Pohm-ßm-hns\ Blzm\w
sNbvXp-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. km´hpw A\- ´hpw X½n-epÅ
Cu ]nSn-hen hniz-{]-{In-b-bn-ep-S-\o-f-ap-Å-Xm-W.v AXv am\-
h-tN-X-\-bn-se¯n aqÀ²\yw {]m]n¡p-¶p. Ahsâ Pohn-
X-¯nse _u²n-Ihpw sshIm-cn-Ihpw ss\Xn-I-hp-amb
FÃm hi¯pw Cu kwLÀjw A\p-` -h -s ¸- Sp-¶ p.
hyànXzw \ntÈjw hne-bn-¸n¡p-Ibpw, km´s¯ A\-
´-am¡n ]cn-hÀ¯\w sN¿p-Ibpw, am\-hX - sb Znhy-X-
bn apgp-In¡bpw sNbvXm am{Xta a\p- -jy\v ]qÀ®-
t{]- a-¯n-tâbpw ]qÀ®- kzm- X-{´¯n- tâbpw \nXy-k-Xy- §Ä
hnf-§p¶ Cuizckm{am-Py-¯n-tebv¡v {]thiw e`n¡p-
I-bp-Åp. F¶m-eXv am\-h-cq]w [cn¨v km´-ambn hÀ¯n-
¡p-t¶-S-t¯mfw AXn\v ^e-{]m-]X v n-bp-­m-hn-Ã. A´n-a-
e£yw {]m]n¡m\pw Ign-bn-Ã. Cu kwLÀj-¯n-¶m-[m-
N P
c-ambn ImW-s¸-Sp¶ k¯ X¶nÂ\n¶p Zqc-t¯bv¡v K
hncÂNq-­p¶p; AXp-sIm­v am\-Po-hn-Xt- ¯bpw AXn-
{I-an¨p apI-fn-tem«v t]mtI-­X - mbn hcp-¶p. km´-amb
Pohm-ßmhv kzbw-]qÀ®-amb k¯-b-Ã. A§n-s\bmsW-
¦n ]c-am-ßmhv Pohm-ßm-hn-\m ]cn-an-X-amb asämcp
kz{´-hy-àn-bm- bnt¸m-Ipw. Bßm-hnsâ bYmÀ°XbmWv
A\-´w. Hgn-hm-t¡-­p¶ Ab-YmÀ°-X-b-mWv km´w.
A´-cym-an-bmb Bßm-hns\ thÀs]-Sp-¯n-bm km´-
\mb Pohm-ßmhv X¶p- Ån- epÅ bYmÀ°-X-tbbpw ssIhn-
«p-If - b
- p-¶p. A\-´¯ - nsâ km¶n[yw DÅn-ep-­m-Ip-¶-
Xp-sIm-­mWv a\p-jym-ßm-hn\v DbÀ¶ ]Zhn e`n-¡p-¶-
Xv. Pohm-ßmhv D­m-Ip-¶Xpw \ne-\n-¡m³ Ign-bp-¶Xpw
hniz Pohn-X-¯nÂ\n-¶m-Wv. Bßmhv ]qÀ®-amWv. (Sub
Specie acternitztis) Bßm-¡Ä H¶p asäm-¶ns\ AIse
amäp-Ibpw At\ym\yw _ln-jvI-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p
F¶ kn²m-´n¡p¶ Hcp a\x-im-kv{X-XX - z-ap-­v. Cu
_ln-jvIr-Xm-h-Ø-bpsS {]Xo-Xn-sIm-­p-am{Xw Bßmhv
kÀÆYm thdn«p \n¡p¶p F¶p A\p-am-\n-t¡-­X - n-
Ã. ChnsS ]rYàzw Hcp Xc-¯n t`Z-{]oXoXn am{X-am-
Wv. CXns\ kmZr-iy-am-bn-«mWv Icp-tX-­X - v. AÃm-¯-
]£w CXv tIhew \½psS a\-Êp-I-fpsS A]-IÀj-W-
ambv t]mIpw. thdn-«p-\n-¡p¶ Bßm-¡-fpsS k¦Â]w
kXyw, \·, kvt\lw F¶o BZÀi-§Ä¡v Øm\w
\ÂIp-I-bn-Ã. C{]-Imcw a\-jy³ C¶pÅ \ne-bnÂ
]qÀ®-\-söpw C¶p bYmÀ°-¯n-epÅ Bßm-hn-t\-
¡mÄ DbÀ¶ GtXm H¶p-s­¶pw AXns\ {]m]n-¡p-
¶Xp a\x-im-´n¡v AXym-h-iy-am-sW¶pw Hcp ap³[m-c-
W-bp-­m- Ip-¶p. Pohm-ßm-hnsâ kzX- {´-k-¯sb ]cn-tim-
[n-¨m AsXmcp shdpw {`aw am{X-am-sW¶p \ap¡p
a\- Ên-em-Ipw. kap- Zm-b- ¯nÂ\n-¶-I-¶m a\p-jy³ ]ns¶-
sb-s´m-¶mWv? a\p-jy\v X¶n Xs¶-bpÅ kmam-\y-a-
\-ÊmWv bmYmÀ°yw \ÂIp- ¶-X.v kz´w \ne-bn Ah³
asä-´m-bmepw am\-h\ - m-Ip-¶n-Ã. hnhn-[-cq-]§ - -fn-epÅ
kapZmbtNX-\sb kw_-Ôn-t¨-S-t¯mfw CXv kXy-am-
sW-¦nÂ, H«pw Ipd-h-Ã, kmap-Zm-bn-I-X-tb-¡mÄ IqSp-XÂ
DÂIr-jvS-amb kmam-\y-a-\Ê - n-s\-Êw-_-Ôn-¨pw! km´-§-
fmb a\-Êp-IÄ aX-¯nepw aX-¯n-\p-th-­nbpw B[ym-
ßn- I-amb Hcp ]qÀ®-L-S-Is¯ \nÀ½n-¡p- ¶p-­v. F¶mÂ
bYmÀ°-¯n-eh - bv¡v Ah-km\w t\m¡p-t¼mÄ ImWm-
hp¶ aqÀ¯-cq-]-an-Ã. Hc-Zr-iy-k-ap-Zm-b-¯nse AwK-§Ä
F¶ \nebv¡ÃmsX Ahbv¡p Xnsc bmYmÀ°y-hp-an-
Ã. Npcp-¡-¯n ]d-bmw, A´-cym-an-bmb Bßm-hns\
Hgn-¨ p-a m-ä n-bm ]ns¶ aX-¯n\p thsd Bßm-¡Ä
_m¡n-bp-­ m-hn-Ã.
hyàn-bmb Pohm-ßmhv Xmgv¶ Xc-¯nÂs]« PU-
{]-Ir-Xn-tbmSv aÕ-cn¨p temI-¯n D¶-X-\mbn \n¡p-
¶p-s­-¦nepw A\p-`-h-tbm-Ky-§-fmb D¶-X-h-kvXp-¡-fnÂ
kap-¶X - -\-Ã. \nc-´cw {]b-Xv\n¡p-¶Xpw F¶m kzc-
t¨À¨-bn-Ãm-¯p-amb a\p-jym-ßmhv Xsâ Bß-kzm-X-
{´yhpw ka-c-kX km[n-¨m-epÅ BËmZhpw B\-µk - z-
cq-]a- mb {_Òm-\-µ-ck - hpw BÀÖn-t¡-­X - p-­v. a\p-
jysâ Df-fn-epÅ Cuiz-c³ Xs¶-¯m³ Xncn- ¨-dn- bp- t¼mÄ
am{X-ta, BZÀiw AXnsâ ^e-{]m-]vXn-bn-se-¯p-t¼mtg
 12
I a\p-jy\p Xsâ ]c-ae- -£ys¯ ]qÀ®-am-¡m³ Ign-bq.
aÕ-c-§fpw At\ym- \y-hn- tcm-[§fpw Pohn-X-¯nse hntcm-
[m-`m-k-§fpw A]qÀ®-amb hnImk¯nsâ e£-W§ - -
fm-Wv. AXn-s¶-Xn-cmbn ]c-kv]c - -s¸m-cp-¯hpw kt´m-
jhpw im´nbpw hnIm-k-{]-{Inb ]qÀ®-am-sb-¶X - n\p
sXfn- hm-Ip-¶p. Pohm-ßm-hp- X-s¶- bmWv bp²-t£-{Xw. Ahn-
sS-¯-s¶-bmWv aÕcw \S-¡p-¶X - v. BZÀiw ]qÀ®-am-
Ip-hm³ bp²w Ah-km-\n-bv¡Ww; hntcm-[-§-fnÂ\n-¶p-
­mb thZ\ ian-¡p-Ibpw thWw. At¸mtg ]qÀ¯n-sb-
¯nb a\p-jy-\n Bcw-`n-¡p¶ Cuiz-cs\ {]m]n¡m-
\pÅ {]h-WXbv¡v XnI¨pw ^e-{]m-]vXn-bp-­m-hq. PK-
¯nse asäÃm hkvXp-¡-tf-¡mfpw DbÀ¶-h\ - mWv a\p-
jy³. A\-´-t¯mSp tNÀ¶ H¶m-Ip-t¼m-gmWv Ahsâ
]c-a-e£yw \nd-th-dp-I. {]Ir-Xn-bn Poh-iàn Hfn-ªn-
cn-¸p-­v. PohnXw hnI-kn¡p-t¼mÄ {]Ir-Xn-bpsS ]c-a-
e£yw \nd-th-dp-¶p. Poh-iàn X¶n tNX-\sb Hfn-
¸n¨p kq£n-¡p¶p; AXp tNX-\sb XnI¨pw tamNn-
¸n¨p Ign-bp-t¼mÄ Pohsâ e£yhpw ]qÀ®-am-Ip¶p.
{]ÚbpWÀ¶p {]Xy£amhpt¼mgmWv tNX\bpsS
e£yw ]qÀ¯oIcn¡p¶Xv. D¶Xamb A´À±Ài\
¯nse¯n apgpIpt¼mÄ {]Ú-bpsS kXyw kwkn-²-
am-Ip-¶p. B A´À±Ài-\-am-Is« hnNm-ctam hnIm-ctam
CÑtbm AÃ; hnNmc-¯nsâ e£yhpw CÑ-bpsS {]m]y-
Øm-\hpw hnIm-c¯ - nsâ ]qÀ®-X-bp-am-Wv. km´-amb
Pohm-ßmhv ]c-am-ßm-hns\ Xms\-§p-\n-¶n-d-§n-h-¶pthm
B ]c-{_-Òs¯ {]m-]n¡p-t¼mÄ Bßo-b-Po-hn-Xhpw
e£yw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. ""Úm\n-bmb Hcp a\p-jy\v Pohm-
ßmhv kÀÆ-kz-hp-am-Ip-¶p. Cu sFIyw Hcn-¡Â I­p-
I-gnª BÄ¡v ]n¶oSv ZpxJ-sa´v? IjvS-sa´v?''
D]-\n-j -¯p-I-fnse [À½-i mkv{ Xw
PK¯v ]pd-s¸-«p-h-cp-¶Xv ]c-am-ß-m-hn \n¶m-Wv.
AXp-sIm­p Ahn- sS- ¯s¶ hn{i-aØm\w Is­- ¯-Ww.
{]]©-{]{Inbbnem-Zy´w km´-\§ - -f-\-´-am-¡m³ \S-
¯p¶ ]cn-{iaw \mw ImWp-¶p. _m¡n-bpÅ CX-ck - mw-
km-cnI hkvXp-¡-sf- t¸m-se-¯s¶ a\p-jy³ X¶n A\-
´-¯nsâ k½À±-ap-s­-¶-dnªv kÀtÆm-¶- X-\mb ]cam
ßmhns\ {Klnbv¡m³ ssI \o«p¶p. FÃm ]£nIfpw
X§fpsS Bhmkhr£¯ntebv ¡v ]d¶p t]mIpw
t]mse Cu PK¯msI B ]c-am-ßm-hn-tebv¡v t]mIp
¶p ""Rm³ A§n-cn-bn-¡p-¶-t]m-se-¯s¶ A§-bnÂ
{]th-in-bv¡s«tbm? {]t`m As§-¶n {]-th-inbv¡p
Rm³ ]hn-{X\pw ip²-\p-am-Is - «, {]t`m'' ""A§v Fsâ
hn{i-a-Øm-\a - m-Wv.'' Cuiz-c-t\mSv sFIyw {]m]n¡-emWv
a\p-jysâ BZÀiw. {]]-©-¯nse FÃm hkvXp-¡fpw
A\-´s¯ Xnc- bp-I-bmWv; F¶m a\p- jy-\p- am-{Xta ]c-
a-e-£y-s¯-¡p-dn¨p [mc-Wb - p-Åp CXp Xs¶-bmWv a\p-
jy-tN-X-\bpw aäp {]m]-©n-I-]-ZmÀ°-§-fp-am-bn-«pÅ A-
´-cw. bpK-bp-Km-´-c-§f - mbn \S-¡p¶ hnIm-k-]c - n-Wm-a-
§Ä¡p tij-amWv a\p-jy\v al-¯mb hnjz-]-²-Xn-sb-
¡p-dn¨v t_m[-ap­mbXv. A\-´¯ - nsâ Blzm-\-§sf
Adn-bm³ Aht\ Ign-bq. Ah³ Xs¶-¡m-¯n-cn-bv¡p¶
kzÀ¤o- b-]- Z-hn-bn- tebv¡p t_m[-]qÀÆw k©-cn-bv¡p-Ibpw
sN¿p-¶p. ]c-{_Òw km´-\mb Pohm-ßm-hn\p sNs¶
N P
¯m\pÅ \nÝnX-e-£y-am-Wv. K
CXv A-Xy´w D¶-Xhpw ]qÀ®-hp-amWv Gähp-a[ - nIw
Bimkyamb BZÀi-am-Wv. C¡mcyw ]e-hn- [-¯nepw
{]Xn-]m-Zn-¡-s ¸-« n-« p­v . ""AXv hni-¸nÂ\n¶pw Zml-
¯nÂ\n¶pw k¦-S-¯nÂ\n¶pw ]cn-{`-a-¯n \n¶pw
hmÀ²-Iy-¯nÂ\n-¶pw arXyp-hnÂ\n¶pw tatebm-Wv.''
""hniz-N-£ p-Ê mb kqcy³ AXy´w Zqc¯p ØnXn
sN¿p¶p; I®p-IÄ¡p-­m-Ip¶ tcmK-§-sfm¶pw _m[n-
bv¡¶ - p-an-Ã. AXp t]mse-¯s¶ AJn-e-{]m-W-nI-fnepw
IpSn-sIm-Åp¶ Cu GIm-ßmhv FÃm-änÂ\n¶pw AI¶p
kwkm-c- Zpx-J-§-sfm¶pw hym]n-bv¡msX \nÀÃn-]X v -\mbn
\ne-sIm-Åp-¶p. \m\m-Xz-{]-]-©-¯n Pohn-bv¡p¶, Hcp
£p{Zm-ßm-hn\v kÀÆ-kzhpw ]W-b-s¸-Sp-¯p-I, tcmK-
§Ä¡pw IjvSm-\p-`-h-§Ä¡pw hnt[-b-\mbn hÀ¯n¡p-
I, CsXms¡ XoÀ¨-bmbpw \nÀ`m-Ky-am-W.v km´ k¯-
bn-te¡p \bn-¡p¶ Imc-W-§sf Hgn-hm-¡pI a\p-jysâ
km[m-c-W-amb Dt±-iy-am-Wv. \m\m-Xz-¯n \n¶p GI-
Xz-¯n-te¡p aS-§n-hc - nI Hcm-ZÀi-e-£y-amWv; AXv ]c-
a-{]-[m-\h- p-am-Wv. AXp a\p-jyÀ¡msI kwXr-]vXn-bp-f-
hm-¡p-¶ p. ssX¯n-co-tbm-] -\n-j-¯n-¶\ - p-k-c n¨v AXv
v""{]mWm-cmaw a\ B\µw im´n-k-ar²w AarX''amWv.
""Poh\pw a\-Ên\w kt´m-j-hpw, im´n-bp-tS-bpw, \nXy-
X-bp-tSbpw ]qÀ®-X-bp-am-W.v \mw sImXn¨p ]n³Xp-SÀ¶p-
sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶ XmWXcw e£y-§ Ä PohnX ico-c-
t¯bpw am\-kn-I-amb B{K-l-§-sfbpw Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp-¯n-
sb¶p hcmw. F¶m AsXÃmw CXn-epÄs¸-Sp¶p; CXv
Ahsb AXn-ib - n¨p \n¡p-¶p. \½psS ap¼n Pohn-
X-¯nse hn`n-¶-\n-e-IÄ¡-\p-tbm-Py-amb ]e-Xcw kpJ-
§-fp-ap­v; Poh-\i - àn \ÂIp¶ kpJw, C{µn-bm-\p-`-h-
P-\y-amb kpJw, am\-kn-I-kp-Jw, _p²n-]c - -amb kpJw
A§ns\ ]e-Xpw. F¶m FÃm-änepw sh¨v D¶-Xhpw
DÂIr-jvS-hp-amb kpJw "B\µw' X¶-bm-W.v ''
kZm-Nm-c-Po-hn-X-s¯-¸än NÀ¨ XpS-cp-¶-Xn-\p-ap-¼mbn
D]-\n- -j¯p-I-fnse ZÀi-\-]-²-Xn-bn kZm-Nm-c-\n-b-a-§Ä
D­m-Im-sa¶ A`n-{]m-b-¯n-s¶-Xn-cmbn D¶-bn-bv¡p¶
Bt£-]-§-sf-¡p-dn¨p hnNmcw sNbvXp-t\m¡mw. FÃmw
H¶m-sW-¦n kZm-Nm-c-]c - -amb _Ô-§Ä F§n-s\-bm-
Wp-­m-hpI Fs¶mcp tNmZyw s]m§n-hc - m-dp-­v. ]c-
{_Òw ]qÀ®-am-sW-¦n ]n¶oSv AXns\ {]m]n-bv¡m-
\pÅ {]b-X\ v ¯
- nsâ Bh-iyw-X-s¶-bpt­m? Hä-s¸-Sepw
]c-kv]-c-t`-Zhpw a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-§-fn auen-I-am-bn-«p-s­-
¦n ]ns¶ \t½mSv Ab¡m-cs\ kvt\ln-bv¡m\pw
kvt\l-¯m kwkm-c-¯nsâ sFIyw t\Sm\pw ]d-bp-
¶-Xn-\À°anà F¶mWv D]-\n-j¯ - p-IÄ Nq­n-¡m-«p-¶-
Xv. Ab¡m-cs\ kvt\ln-¡m³ \t½mSv IÂ]n-¡- -p
¶ps­¦neXv FÃmw Xs¶ Hscmä bYmÀ°-k-¯-bnÂ
ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-Xp-sIm-­m-W.v _mlyhpw AØn-c-hp-amb
hyXy-kvX-XIsf AXnhÀ¯n-¨m Rm\pw Fsâ AbÂ
¡m-c\pw A´-cm-ßm-hn H¶p Xs¶-bm-Wv. ]qÀ®-ambp
\nXy-ambpw hnip-²\pw _e- hm-\p-amb bmÀ°m-ßmhv tZi-
Im-em- Sn-Øm-\-¯n \S-¡p¶ ]cn-hÀ¯-\-§-fn \n¶pw
tZi-Im- e-§-fn Øm\w- ]n-Sn-¨n-cn- ¡p¶ asä-Ãm-än \n¶pw
AXo-X-\p-am-Wv. \mw kz´w Pohn-X¯ - nepw A\ycpsS
 13
I Pohn-X-¯nepw GI-`mhw ImWpI F¶mWv XnIª \·-
tbm-Sp-IqSn Pohn-bv¡pI F¶-Xnsâ XmÂ]cyw. km´-\mb
Bßmhv AXnsâ k¦p-Nn-X-amb hyàn-Xzs¯ AXn-
hÀ¯n¨p ]qÀ®-t¯mSp XmZmßyw {]m]n-¡p-t¼mtg a\p-
jysâ [mÀ½n-Ik - z-`mhw Ft¸mgpw sImXn-¨p-sIm- ­n-cn-
¡p¶ Cu BZÀiw \nd-th-äm³ Ign-bq. tam£-amÀ¤w
Btßm-¶-Xn-bpsS amÀK-amWv; \mw kz´w hyàn-Xzs¯
AXn-hÀ¯n¨v sNs¶¯n hn{iaw sImÅp¶ bYmÀ°-k-
¯- bmWv AXyp-´-k- ¯. B bYmÀ° k¯- sb-bmWv D]-
\n- j-¯p-IÄ Du¶n- ¸-d-bp-¶- X.v
a\p-jy-\n Cuiz-c-\p-s­¶p ]d-bp-¶-Xp-sIm­p
am{Xw FÃm ]pcp-j-{]-b-Xv\§ - Ä¡pw kam-]vXn-bmbn
F¶À°w hcp-¶n-Ã. Cuiz-c³ a\p-jy-\n-ep-s­¶p XoÀ¨-
bm-Wv. ]t£, a\p-jy\v A\-h-[m-\X - t- bmSpw ]pcp-j-{]-
b-Xv\hpw kwLÀjhpw IqSm-sX-bpw, ssIh-is - ¸-Sp¯n
\nÀ¯m³ ]äp¶ hn[w {]Xy-£-cq-]¯ - n-eà Cuiz-c³
a\p-jy-\n km¶n[yw sImÅp-¶Xv; iIy-X-bpsS AYhm
kw`m-hy- X-bpsS \ne- ¡m-Wv. iàn-sIm­pw {Inb-sIm­pw
Cuiz-cs\ ]nSn-s¨-Sp-t¡-­Xv a\p-jysâ IÀ¯-hy-am-Wv.
AXp sN¿m³ Ign-bn-sÃ-¦n a\p-jy-s\¶ \ne¡v IÀ¯-
hy-NypXn hcp-¶p. a\p-jysâ DÅn-epÅ Cuiz-c³ Hcp
kXy-kw-`h-sa¶ t]mse-¯s¶ Hcp Npa-X-e-bp-am-W.v Hcp
{]iv\-hp-amWv; Hcp ssIap-Xe - p-am-Wv. a\p-jy³ Xsâ
AÚm-\-¯m `uXn-Ihpw am\-kn-Ih - p-amb _mlym-h-
c-W-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn þ XmZmßyw Øm]n¡p-¶p. ]qÀ®-Xsb
{]m]n¡m-\pÅ CÑ Ahsâ km´-X-tbmSv AYhm ]cn-
an-XntbmSv aÕ-cn¡p-¶p. ""Pohm-ßmhv Znhy kv^penw-K-
§-fm {]Im-in¡p-¶p-s­-¦nepw AXv ]qÀ®-ambpw Znhy-
a-Ã. At±-l-¯nsâ ssZho-IX bYmÀ°-a-Ã. ]qÀ®-Xsb
{]m]n-bv¡m³ D¡-tS-Ñb - pÅ Hco-iz-cmwiw am{X-am-W-X.v
C¶pÅ \ne-bn-eXv a¬X-cnbpw tZh-X-bp-amWv; ]Xnbpw
(Cu-iz-c³) ]iphpw tNÀ¶p-­m-bXm-Wv. A\-oiz-c-X-
Xzs¯ CÃmbva sN¿emWv [À½-im-kv{X-¯nsâ Npa-
Xe; AXns\ \in-¸n-¨p-sIm-­Ã; ssZhoI iàn-sIm-
­-Xns\ ]qcn-¸n-¨p-sIm­v.'' {]Ir-XnbpsS km´-amb
ss]Xr-I-¯n-t âbpw Bß-k -¯-bpsS A\-´-§-fmb
BZÀi-§f - p-tSbpw CSbv¡v \n¡p¶ sshcp²yamWv
a\p-jy³. Ah\v {]Ir-Xn-bp-sS -hn-irw-J-e- X-Xz-§sf Cuiz-
c-k-¯-bn-tebv¡v Xmgv¯n-s¡m-­p-h¶v Xsâ Pohn-X-
e£yw km[n¡m³ {]b-Xv\n-t¡-­-Xm-bn- «p- ­v. Xsâ eLp
Pohn-Xs¯ aqSnb HmSv s]m«n¨v t{]a-¯n-ep-cpIn Znhym-
ßm-hn-t\mSp tNÀs¶m-¶m-bn-¯o-cp-I-bmWv a\p-jysâ
e£ yw. km´ - ¯ n- t âbpw A \- ´ - ¯ n- t â- b p- a n- S ¡v
kwLÀj-kz-cq-]a - mbpw, ssZho Bkpco XXz-§Ä¡n-S-
bn kw{Km-ak - z-cq-]-ambpw hÀ¯n-¡p¶ a\pjy Pohn-
Xs¯ kw_-Ôn-t¨-S-t¯mfw [À½-im-kv{X-kw-_-Ô-amb
{]iv\-§Ä¡v AXy´w {]m[m-\y-ap­v. kwLÀj-¯n\p
th­n P\n-¨h - \
- mWv a\p-jy³. FXnÀ¸-\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶X - p-
hsc Ah\v Bß-ZÀi\w e`n¡p-Ib - n-Ã.
Bß-k m- £ m¡m-c -a mWv [À½-i m-k v{ X- ¯ nsâ
BZÀiw. Bß-Úm-\-]qÀÆI-amb kz`m-h-amWv kZm-Nm-
c-kz-`m-hw. Bßm-sh-¶-Xn\v FÃm-¯cw ZuÀº-eyhpw
kwkv¡m-c-l m-\ n-b p-a p-Å, kzmÀ°-io-e hpw eLp-X z-
N P
hpapÅ, C{µn-bm-\p-`-hw-sIm-Åp¶ "Rm³' F¶Ã XmÂ]- K
cy-sa-¦nÂ, hyàn-]c - -amb kzmÀ°-¯nsâ FÃm-Xcw _-
Ô-\§ - -fn \n¶pw apà-\mb a\p-jy-sâ AKm-[k - z-cq-
]-amWv D±n-jvSmÀ°-sa-¦n ap³]-dª hymJym\w icn-
bm-W.v arKo-bm-ßm-hnsâ hmk-\-Ifpw hnIm-c-§-fpw, Al-
¦m-c-¯nsâ Pohn-X-hym-]vXnsb Npcp-¡p-¶p. AXp-sIm-­-
hsb \ntcm-[n¨p \nÀt¯-­-Xp-­v. Bßm-hnsâ D¶-
Xnbv¡pw AXyp-¶-X-k-¯-bpsS km£m¡m-c-¯n\pw
th­n XS-Ê-§-tfbpw FXn-cmb kzm[n-\-i-àn-I-tfbpw
HXp¡n \nÀt¯-­ n- b n- cn- ¡ p-¶ p. [mÀ½nI PohnXw
Úm\m-ß-Ihpw XÀ¡-kw-K-X-hp-am-Wv. AXp tIhew
kl-P-hm-k-\-I- fp-tSbpw C{µn-bm-\p-`-h-§-fp-tSbpw Pohn-
X-aÃ- . ""Bßm-hns\ ico-c-am-Ip¶ cY-¯n ØnXn-sN-
¿p¶ bP-am-\\ - m-b-dn-bp-I, _p²nsb tXcm-fn-bmbpw a\-
Êns\ ISn-ªm-Wm-bpw, C{µn-b-§sf IpXn-c-I-fm-bpw, C{µn-
b-hn-j-b-§sf cY-ho-Yn-I-fmbpw Adn-ªp-sIm-Åp-I. C{µn-
b-§fpw a\Êpw tNÀ¶ Pnh-ßm-hns\ hnth-Ii - m-en-IÄ
t`màm-sh¶p ]d-bp-¶p F¶m ZpÀº-e\pw hnth-I-iq-
\y-\p-amb hyàn-bpsS C{µn-b-§Ä Ah-s¶m-Xp-§n-\n-
ev¡p-¶n-Ã. Ahsâ C{µn-b-§Ä tXcm-fn-bpsS hnd-fn-¡p-
Xn-c-I-sf-t¸mse \nb-{´Ww hnt«m-Sp-¶p. hnth-Inbpw ZrV-
Nn-¯-\p-amb hyà-nbpsS C{µn-b-§Ä tXcm-fn-bpsS A\p-
k-c-W-i o-e-cmb IpXn-cI - -sf-t¸mse kp\n-b -{´- -fm-bn-cn-
bv¡p¶p. Úm\-lo-\\pw hnNm-c-iq-\y\pw A]-hn-{X-\p-
am-b-h³ Hcn-¡epw Aar-XXzw {]m]n¡p-I-bnÃ; A`u-Xn-
Im-h-Ø-bnepw F¯p-I-bn-Ã. Ah³ ho­pw ho­pw P\-
\- a - c - W - N - { I- § - f n IpSp- § n- ¡ - d - § p- ¶ p. F¶mÂ
Úm\nbpw hnth-I-im-enbpw ]cn-ip-²-\p-am-b-h³ ho­pw
P\-\-a-cW - -N-{I-¯n-te¡p aS-§n-h-cm¯ kpc-£n-Xm-h-
Øsb {]m]n¡-p-¶p.'' B{K-l§ - -fpsS ISn-ªm-Wn-Ãm¯
Hm«s¯ XSp-t¡-­-Xp-­v. Np¡m³ ]nSn¡p-¶Xv B{K-l-
§-fm-sW-¦n Bßm-hnâ I¸Â s]mfn-ªXv XoÀ¨! a\p-
jy-Po-hn-X-¯nsâ [À½w AX-sÃ-¶Xp Xs¶ Imc-Ww.
XÀ¡-bpàn \nÀt±-in¡p¶ BZÀis¯ \mwkzo-I-cn¡p-
¶n-sÃ-¦nÂ, IqSp-X DbÀ¶-X-c-¯n-epÅ Hcp [mÀ½n-I-
\n-b-as¯ ssIs¡m-Åp-¶n-sÃ-¦nÂ, \½psS PohnXw
e£y-ln-\hpw Dt±-iy-c-ln-X-hp-amb arK-Po-hn-X-¯n\v Xpey-
am-bn-t¸m-Ipw. kvt\ln¨pw shdp-¯pw, Dt±-iyhpw Imc-
Whpw IqSmsX ]c-kv]cw BtÇ-jn¨pw Ip¯n-s¡m¶pw
A\n-b-X-ambn Xnc¡p ]nSn¨ PohnXw \bn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-
bv¡ pw. kptJm-]-t`m-K-¯n-epÅ cks¯ FÃm-än\pw
e£yam-bn-¡-W¡ - m-¡p-¶-]£w \½psS PohnXw a\p-
tjym-Nn-Xa - à - m¯ hn[-¯n [À½-Nyp-Xa - mbn Zpjn¨p
t]mIp-¶p. arK-§Ä X§-fpsS kl-P-hm-k-\I - sf D]-
tbm-Kn¡p¶ coXn-bn Xs¶-bmWv a\p-jy³ _p²n-bp-
s­¶ Imc-W-¯m am{Xw arK-kz-`m-h-¯n \n¶p H«pw
Db-cp-¶nÃ. euIn-I- ]ZmÀ°-§sf tZh-X-If - mbn KWn-
¡p-¶Xpw Bcm-[n-¡p-¶Xpw Zpcm-Nm-cn-If - m-Wv. ""Ct¸mÄ
hntcm-N\ - ³ Xsâ Nn´-bpsS ]cn-Wm-a¯ - n kwXr-]vX-
\m-bn. Akp-c-·m-cpsS ASp-¯p tN¶v AhÀ¡p-]-tZiw
\evIm³ XpS-§n. tIhew ico-c[mcn-bmb Bßm-hn-s\-
bmWv ]qPnt¡­Xv. AXn-s\-¯-s¶-bmWv tkhnt¡-­-
Xv. ico-cs¯ ]qPn¨pw AXnsâ tkh-\¯ - n apgp-Inbpw
 14

I Ign-bp-¶-h\v Cl-tem-Ihpw ]c-tem-Ihpw c­pw {]m]vX- \pw-Xs¶ AXp \ap¡p F¯n-¨p-Xc K

- m-\m-hn-Ã. \mw km´-
am-Ip-¶p. AXp-sIm­v Zm\w sN¿m-¯-h\pw Cuiz-c-hn- h-k vXp-¡sf tXSp-¶p; Ah \ap¡p e`n-¡p-¶p-ap-­v.
izm-k-an-Ãm-¯-h\pw bÚw A\-jvTn-bv¡m-¯-h-\p-amb F¶m Ah-bn k´r-]vXn-bn-Ã, AJn-e-hn-iz-s¯bpw
Hcp a\p-jys\ AhÀ Ct¸mgpw Akp-c-s\¶p ]d-bp- \mw B{I-an¨p Iog-S¡nF¶p hcmw; At¸mgpw Iog-S-¡m-
¶p. ImcWw CsXÃmw Akp-c-·m-cpsS kn²m-´-am-Wv.'' \mbn C\nbpw hniz-§-fp-­m-bn-ÃtÃm F¶v tJZn¨v s\Sp-
C§-s\-bmWv \½psS PohnXw \bn-bv¡-s¸-Sp-¶s - X-¦n hoÀ¸nSpw. ""Ah³ FhnsS F¯n-t¨À¶mepw Ahn-Sp¶p
AXv \njv^-e-§-fmb Bi-IÄ¡pw `b-§Ä¡pw hnt[- A¸pdw t]mIm- \ m- { K- l n- ¡ p- ¶ p. BI- i - ¯ p- X s¶
b-a m- b n- cn- b v ¡ pw. ""hnth- I -] qÀ®-a mb Pohn- X - ¯ n sNs¶¯n F¶p- sh¡pI Ahn-Sp¶pw At§- ¸p-d-t¯bv¡v
sFIyhpw kmwK-Xyhpw kv]jvS-ambn ImWm³ Ign-bpw. t]mIm³ sImXn¡pw'' \½-fn A[n-I] - £w Bfp-Ifpw
a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-¯nsâ hnhn-[-`m-K§ - fpw {Ia-_-²-am-bn-cn- ""[\-k-¼-¯nsâ amÀ¤-¯n-emWv Ncn-bv¡p-¶-Xv. F¶m-em-
bv¡pw. Hcp-¶-Xm-ZÀis¯ A`n-hy-RvPn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xp-am-bn-cn- h-gn-bnÂsh¨v ]ecpw \in-¨p-t]m-Ip-¶p.''C{µn-b-hn-j-b-§-
bv¡pw. XÀ¡bp-àn- bpsS kYm-\¯v C{µn- b- §- fmWv \s½ fpsS Zmkyw hln-¨p-sIm­pw _mly-k-¼-¯p-I-tfmSv H«n-
\bn-¡p-I-sb-¦n hnIm-c§ - fpw hmk-\I - fpw AØn-ca - - bn-cp¶pw \mw kXym-ßm-hns\ ImWmsX t]mIp-¶p. ""[\-
t\m-hr-¯n-Ifpw am{Xw {]Xn-^-en-¸n-bv¡p¶ Hcp I®mSn ¯m-sem-cp-¯\pw kpJn-X-\m-Im³ Ign-bn-Ã.'' ""[\-tam-l-
am{X-am-bn-cnbv¡pw \½psS Pohn-X w. ]c-kv]c - -_-Ô-an- ¯m aqV-\mb bphm-hnsâ ZrjvSn-bn ]c-temI Nn´
Ãm¯ NnX-dnb kw`-h-§-fpsS Hcp N§e am{X-amb DZn-bv¡p-t¶-bn-Ã. "CXp-X-s¶-bmWv temIw, asämcp temI-
PohnXw sIm­v Hcp {]tbm-P\ - h - p-an-Ã. AXn\v \nÀÆln- anÃ' F¶h³ Nn´n¡p-¶ p. C§-s \-b -h ³ ho­pw
bv¡ m³ Hcp Imcy-hp-an-Ã. t\Sm-s \mcp e£y-hp-an-à . ho­pw arXyp-hnsâ ]nSn-bn s]Sp-¶p.'' ""Aar-XX - z-sa-
hnthI ]qÀ®-amb Hcp Pohn-X¯ - n- Hmtcm IÀ½-]c - n- s´-¶-dn-bp¶ Úm\n-IÄ Ch-nsS-bpÅ A\n-Xy-h-kvXp-
]m-Snbpw AwKo-I -cn¡-s ¸-Sp-¶-X n\p ap¼v BZy-ambn ¡-fn \nXy-h-kvXpsh tXSp-¶nÃ'' Cuiz-c-\nÂ\n-¶p-hn-
XÀ¡bpànbpsS tImSXn ap¼msI sIm-­p-hcpw; D¶- tbmKw {]m]n¨ a\p-jy³ ITn-\-Zpx-J-a-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p, Cuiz-
X-e£yw {]m]n-bv¡m³ AXn\v Ign-hpt­m F¶v ]cn- c- t\m- SpÅ tNÀ¨-sIm-­-ÃmsX asäm¶p sIm­pw Ahsâ
tim-[n¡pw DNn-X-am-sW¶v I­m Pohm-ßm-hns\ kzoI- lrZ-b-¯nsâ hni¸p ian¡p-I-bn-Ã. BZÀi-kp-µ-chpw
cnbv¡pw'' If-¦t- a-im-¯hn[w ]hn-{Xhpamb Hcp k¯sb {]m]n-
temI-t¯mSp \nkzmÀ°-`-àn-bpÅ Pohn-Xw-X-s¶- ¡m³ th­n-bpÅ Bßm-hnsâ AXn-cä B{K-l-§sf
bmWv hnth-I-]qÀ®-amb Pohn-Xw. Pohm-ßmhv ]c-am-ßm- tZi-Im-em-h-[n-bp-ÅXpw C{µn-b- _-²-§-fp-amb ]ZmÀ°-§-
hnsâ Awiw am{X-am-sW¶pw ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ Imcy-sam- sf-s¡m­p \nd-th-äm-\m-hn-Ã, A\y-k-¯tbmSpÅ t{]a-
gn¨v Pohm-ßm-hn\v bmsXmcp kzmÀ°-XmÂ]-cy-hp-an- ¯n-eqsS Hcp ]c-a-tbm-K y-k -¯sb {]m]n-bv¡ m-\ pÅ
söpw XÀ¡-_p²n \s½ D]-tZ-in-¡p-¶p. C{µn-bm-\p-`- BZÀiw Is­-¯ m³ B{K-ln¡p-¶-hÀ ]e-cp-ap-­ v.
h-t¯m-Sp-IqSnb thdn« Pohn-Xa - p-s­¶ hnNmcw Ah³ F¶m B A\-\y-k¯ tZi-Im-em-h-[n-I-fpÅ a\p-jym-
ssIsbm- gn-¨mÂam-{Xta `mKy-¯n-tâbpw Nm]-ey- ¯ntâbpw ßm- hm-Ip-t¶- S-t¯mfw Ah-cpsS BZÀiw Hcn-¡epw {]m]n-
_Ô-\-¯n \n¶-h³ apàn t\Sp-Ib - p-Åp. Pohm-ßmhv ¡m³ Ign-bn-Ã, asämcp am\-hk - -¯¡p-Ån kv{Xobm-
kzmÀ°-Imcy§Ä sNbvXpsNbvXv HSp-hn Xm³ kzbw Inepw ]pcp-j - \ m-
I nepw kuµ- cy-¯n-tâbpw t{]a-¯n-
D­m-¡nb IpSp-¡nÂs¸-«p-t]m-Ip-¶p. ho­pw hym]-I-amb tâbpw ]qÀ®- c q]w Xnc-b p- ¶Xv Xs¶-¯m³ h©n-¡e - m-
hnizm-ß-Po-hn-X-¯n A[n-Imcw Ah-Im-is - ¸-Sm-dm-Ip-¶- Ipw. ]qÀ®- X b
- psS km£m¡mcw \nXy- ¯ nte km[y-
Xp-h sc AtX-] Sn _Ô- -\ ¯n InS-t ¡-­ n-h -cp-¶ p. am-Iq. CXn-¶m-It« kwkm-c-¯n \n¶pw kmwkm-cn-I-[-
C¯cw klm-\ p-` q-X n-b psS amÀ¤w FÃm-hÀ¡p-a mbn \-k-¼-¯p-I-fnÂ\n¶pw _Ô-apàn Bh-iy-am-Wv. {]]-
Xpd¶p sh¨n-cn-bv¡p¶p; AXv Bß-hn-kvar-Xn-bn-te¡v ©-ssh-cm-Ky-¯n -Zpx-Jt- am-N\w t\Sn-bn-cp-¶-hÀ BZy-
\bn-¡p-¶-Xp-amWv'' Imew apXÂt¡-bp-­v. ]p{X-I-f-{Xm-Zn-I-tfbpw Ømh-c-Pw-
K-a-h-kvXp-¡-tf-bp-ap-t]-£n¨v `n£mw-tZ-ln-I-fmbn \nkz-
""A\´w B\-µ-a-b-amWv; km´-]-ZmÀ°-§-fn B\-
X-bnepw Pohn-Xip-²n-bnepw tam£w t\Sm-sa¶ B{K-l-
µ-an-Ã.'' bmÚ-hÂIy³ kÀÆ-kzhp-ap-t]-£n¨p Im«n-
t¯msS Krl-§-fn \n¶n-d-§n-¯n-cn-¨-hÀ [mcm-fap-­m-
tebv¡p ]pd-s¸-Sp¶ ka-b¯p Xsâ k¼¯p apgph³
bn-cp- ¶p. Krl-Ø-Po-hn-X-t¯m-SpÅ _Ô-§-f-dp-¯n-d-§nb
]Xv\n-am-cmb ImÀXym-b-\n¡pw ssat{X-bn¡pw `mKn-¨p- sIm-
Cu X]-kzn-k-ap-Zm-b-amWv _u²-cpsS {ia-W{- ]-Øm-\-
Sp-¡m-s\m-cp-§n. ssat{X-bn¡v Xms\´p sN¿-W-sa¶p
¯n\v hgn sXfn-bn-¨-Xv. XymK-]qÀ®-amb PohnXw tam£-
tXm¶n-bn-Ã. AhÀ Xsâ KmÀlØy kma-{K-ln-IÄ¡n-S-
¯n-\pÅ apJy-amÀ¤-ambn AwKo-Icnbv¡s¸-«p.
bn-en-cp¶p AXy-´-Zpx-Jt- ¯msS ]pdsa Im«n-tebv¡p
t\m¡m³ XpS-§n. A¶-hÀ Dt±-iy-c-ln-X-ambn hn{i-a-an- D]-\n-j¯- p-¡Ä kZm-Nm-c-Po-hn-X-¯nsâ B`y-´c
ÃmsX _²-s¸«p tPmen-sN-bvXp-sIm-­n-cp¶ Hcp km[p- kz`m-h-§-fn \njv¡Àj sNep-¯m\pw BNm-c-¯n-sâ
a-\p-jys\ Ipsd KpW-tZm-jn-¨p. km´-]-ZmÀ°-§sf D]- t{]cI kz`m-h-¯n\v AXy´w {]m[m\yw Iev]n¡m-\p-
I-c-W-am-¡n-s¡m­p \msa-s´-¦n-ep-sam¶v km[n¡m³ an-Sb - m-bn. ]pdsa ImWp¶ B\p-cq-]y-s¯-¡mfpw B´-
{ian-¨m AXnsâ hn]-co-X-^e - -am-Wp-­m-hpI, \½psS c-amb ]cn-ip-²n-bmWv {][m-\w. D]-\n-j¯ - p-IÄ "tamãn-
A´-cm- ßmhv bYmÀ°-k- ´r- ]X v n-¡p-th­n sImXn-¨p-sIm- ¡-cpXv' "sImÃ-cpXv' F¶p am{X-aà ]d-bp-¶-X.v ""Zqsc ]nSn-
­n-cn¡p¶p; F¶m A\-´-¯nÂ\n¶p \yq\-amb H¶n- bv¡-cpXv'' ""Bscbpw shdp-¡c - pXv t{Im[-¯n\pw ZpÀhn-

N P
 15
I Im-c-§Ä¡pw Zpcm-{K-l-§Ä¡pw hio-`q-X-\m-I-cpXv'' F¶pw
{]Jym-]n-bv¡p-¶p-­v. a\-ÊmZyw ]cn-ip-²a - m-¡Ww; thÀ
A§n-s\- ¯s¶\nÀ¯n hr£-¯nsâ Ce-IÄ am{Xw apdn-
¨p-I-f-b p-¶-X p-sIm­p t{]mP-\-sam-¶ p-a n-Ã. BN-c-W -
¯nsâ ta· \nÀ®-bn¡p-¶Xv hnj-bnsb kw_-Ôn¨
(A[n-Im-cn-IX - ) tbmKy-Xbpw XymK-¯nsâ am{Xbpw ]cn-
K-Wn-¨m-W.v
ka-kvX-hn-izhpw a\p-jym-ßm-hn-s\-t¸m-se-¯s¶ ]c-
am-ß m-h n \n¶v DÛ-h n-¨X - mbn \mw a\-Ê n-em-¡-W-
sa¶mWv D]-\n-j¯ - p-¡Ä A\p-im-kn-¡p-¶X - .v t{]a-kz-
cq-]-\m-Wo-iz-c³. Cuiz-cs\ kvt\ln-¡pI B\-µ-am-Wv,
Cuiz-c-t\mSp t{]a-an-Ãm-Xn-cn-¡pI ZpxJ-ImcW-am-Wv. ]c-
am-ßm-hn-t\m-SpÅ t{]a-¯m Úm\hpw Aa-c-Xzhpw
kn²n-bv¡p-¶p. Cuiz-c-t\m-Sv t{]a-an-Ãm-Xn-cp-¶m kwi-
b-{`aw ZpxJw arXyp Ch-bv ¡n-cb - m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. FÃm
bYmÀ°-aX§-fnepw kÀtÆm-¶-X-amb Cu Bibw
ImWmw. ""F\n-s¡-Xn-cmbn ]m]w sN¿p-¶h - ³ kz´w
Bßm-hn-s¶-Xn-cmbn sXäp sN¿p-¶p. Fs¶ shdp¡p-¶-
h-scÃmw arXypsh kvt\ln-¡p-¶p.'' ]m]n-bmb a\p-jy³
Bß-Lm-Xn-bm-Wv. A¯-c¡ - msc ""Bß-lt\m P\mx''
F¶mWv D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ hnfn¡p-¶X - v.
kzmÀ°-amb FÃm {]b-X\ v -§-tfbpw XyPn-¡m³ D]-
\n-j-¯p-IÄ \s½ t{]cn-¸n¡p-¶p. F¶m FÃm XmÂ]-
cy-§fpw Dt]-£n-t¡-­-Xn-Ã. Alw-`m-h-¯n \n¶-I¶p
\n¡m\pw Cuiz-c-t\mSp kwbp-àc - mbn \n¡m-\p-
amWv D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-¶Xv. Hcm-ZÀi-b-Xn¡v
B{K-l-§-fp-­mIpw; Ah kzmÀ°-]-c-am-hn-sÃ-t¶-bp-Åp.
""CÑ-bn-Ãm-¯-h-\pw, CÑ-bn \n¶v AXo-X-\pw, CÑm-
]qÀ¯n-h¶ - h - \
- pw, Bßm-hns\ CÑn-¡p-¶h - \pw {_Ò-
am- bn-cp- ¶p-sIm-­p-Xs¶ {_Òs¯ {]m]n¡p-¶p.'' \t½mSv
Dt]-£n-bv¡m³ ]d-bp¶ Imaw bYmÀ°-¯n CÑ-b-Ã.
AXv tIhew arK-k-l-P-amb B{K-l-am-Wv, Ima-hm-k-\-
bmWv; arK-cq-]-\mb a\p-jysâ C{µn-bm-tem-ep-]-X-bm-Wv.
Ima-¯n \n¶p kzmX{´yw t\Sm\pw imkv{X-§Ä D]-
tZ-in-bv¡p-¶p. ]t£ CXp shdpw \njv{In-b-X-bm-hn-Ã.
Ima-¯n-tâ-bpw- Zp-cm-{Kl¯n-tâbpw \njvTpcim-k-\-¯nÂ
\n¶pw _mly-h-kv X p-¡ -fpsS BIÀj-I -tim-` -I -fnÂ
\n¶pw apàn t\Sm³ kl-P-hm-k-\m-P-\y-amb D¡-Sm-
`n-em-£-§-fpsS k¼qÀ¯nbn \n¶pw apàn t\Sm³
\t½m-S-\p-im-kn-¡p-¶p-­v. bYmÀ°-amb CÑsb \ntcm-
[n-¨n-«n-Ã. AsXÃmw hnj-bs¯ B{ibn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Hcp
a\p-jysâ sImXn amwk-ku-µ-cy-¯n-se-¦n Ah³ hy`n-
Nm-cn-bm-bn-¯ocpw; kpµ-c-h-kvXp-¡-fn-em-Wm-{K-l-sa-¦nÂ
Ah³ Iem-Im-c-\mbncn¡pw; Cuiz-c-\n-em-sW-¦n Ejn-
bm-bn-¯o-cpw. tam£-¯nepw Úm\-¯n-ep-apÅ B{K-l-
¯n\p {]map Jyw Iev]n-¨n- cn¡p-¶p. CÑ-Isf kXy-sa¶pw
anYysb ¶pw c­mbn Xcw-Xn-cn-¨n-cn-bv¡p-¶p. \t½mSv
ktXy-Ñ-If - n ]¦p-tN-cm³ Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-¶p. Hcp \Nn-
tI-XÊ - nsâ ]nXr-`-ànbpw [À½-\n-jvTbpw Hcp kmhn-
{Xn-bpsS Zr-Vt- {]-ahpw ]Xn `ànbpw Zqj-Wa - -Ã. krjvSn-
IÀ¯m-hnsâ "Ima'¯n\p CÑ-sb-¶m-WÀ°w. ""Rm³
At\-I-§-fm-bn-¯o-cs« F¶-h³ B{K-ln¨p (A-Im-ab - -
X)'' ]c-ta-iz-c\pw CÑn-¡p-¶p-sh-¦n \ap-s¡-´p-sIm-­-
N P
`n-am-\w, tcmjw, Ima-hm-k\ apX-emb hnIm-c§ K
- sf Hgn-
bv¡m³ \t½mSv \nÀt±-in-¨n-«p-­v. F¶m t{]a-¯nsâ
tIma-fh - n-Im-c-§-fmb ka-kvt\-lhpw A\p-I-¼bpw Hgn-
hm-¡-W-sa¶p ]d-ªn-«n-Ã. Bß-km-£m¡m-c-¯n- \mbn
X]-Êp-sN-¿-W-sa¶v D]-\n-j-¯p-¡-fn-e§ - n-§mbn \nÀt±-
i- §Ä ImWm-sa- ¶Xv icn-bm- W.v F¶m X]-Ên\p Bß-
i-àn-bpsS hnIm-kw, ico-c-Zm-ky-¯nÂ\n¶v Bßm-hnsâ
tamN-\w, a\-Ênsâ Kw`o-cN - n-´, a\-Êns\ kzbw ià-
am-¡pI Fs¶Ãm-am-WÀ°w; ""bmsXm-cm-fpsS X]Êp
Úm\-a-b-am-sW- ¦nÂ'' PohnXw Hcp atlm-Õ-h-am-Wv. AXn-
te¡p £bn¡-s¸-«-h-cmWv \msa-Ãmw. AhnsS \ap¡v
X]tÊm Bß-Xym-Ktam Zm\tam HuZm-cytam BÀÖ-
htam kXy-amb hyh-lm-ctam Alnw-ktbm aäp-Å-hsc
thZ-\n-¸n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡tem kXy-h-N-\tam {]ZÀin-¸n-¡mw.
X]Êv AsÃ-¦n XymKw-sIm­v tZymXn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xv
\nc-t]-£-`m-h-am-Wv. ""IÀ½w sImt­m k´-Xn-sImt­m
k¼-¯p-sImt­m AÃ XymKw- sIm-­mWv Aa- cXzw {]m]n-
¡m³ Ign-bp-¶Xv'' Omtµm-tKym-]-\n-j-¯n ""{i²m X]''
{i²-Xs¶bmWv X]-sʶp ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. _mly-]-
ZmÀ°-§-fpsS _Ô-tam-N-\-¯n-\mbn HcmÄ h\m-´c - -
¯nse GIm-´-X-bn-te-s¡m¶pw t]mtI-­-Xn-Ã. kmwkm-
cn-I-]-ZmÀ°-§-fp-am-bpÅ Ah-in-jvS_Ôw s]s«-¶-dp-
¯p-I-f-bm³ th­n GIm-´-hm-k-¯n\p iàn-Iq-«p-Itbm
X]-Êp-sN-¿p-Itbm th­-Xn-Ã. ""XymK-t¯m-Sp-IqSn A\p-
`-hn¨psImÅpI'' (tX\ Xytà\ `pRvPo-Ymx) F¶p
Cutim-]\ - n-j-¯n ]d-ªn-«p-­v. Cu kmwkm-cn-Ia - mb
[\-k-¼-¯p-I-fp-tSbpw kma-{K-nI-fp-tSbpw A\À°-Im-cn-
bmb `mcw-sIm­p \mw Ip\n-ª-a-cm-sX-bm-bmte \ap-¡o-
P-K-¯n-se-B-\-µ-am-kz-Zn-¡m³ Ign-bq. tem`-¯n\pw Zpcm-
{K-l¯ - n\pw \mw Xotc Øm\w \ÂIm-Xn-cn¡p¶ ]£w
\ap¡o temI-¯n cmPm-¡· - m-sc-t¸mse hmgmw. \½p-
sS- kmw-km-cn-I-amb kpJm-\p-`-h¯n\p \½psS \nÀ²-
\-Xz-hp-ambn {]Xy-£ -amb A\p-]m-Xa - p-­.v XymK-¯nsâ
t`Z-`m-hs - ¯-D-·q-e\w sN¿pI F¶ AÀ°-¯nepw \nc-
t]-£ -t{]-a¯ hnI-k n-¸ n-¡pI F¶ AÀ°-¯nepw,
FÃm kXy-a-X-§-fp-tSbpw kmc-XX - z-am-W.v
`mc-Xob XXz-hn-Nmc¯n sshZn-I-Im-e-¯n-\p-tijw
Hcp ]cn-hÀ¯-\-ap-­m-bn. AYÀÆ-th-Z¯ - ne sshcm-Ky-
hmZw Imc-W-ambn cl-ky-hm-Z-{]-Øm-\-¯n\p iàn IqSn.
EtKz-Z¯- nse E¡p-I-fpsS cN\ \S¶ Ime¯p kpJ-
t`m-K-§-fpsS Imcy-¯n kzÑ-µ-X-bp-­m-bn-cp-¶p. a\p-jym-
ßm-hnsâ kl-P-amb [mÀ½n-I`- m-h\ iàn-s¸-«p. D]-\n-
jÂIm-e-am- b-t¸mÄ C{µn-b- §-fpsS B{I-a-W- ¯n-s¶-Xnsc
kv]jvv-S-ambn i_vZa - p-bÀ¶p. CSbv¡nsS B{I-an¨v D]-
{Zhw sN¿p¶ hnj-b-hm-k-\¡p hg-§n-s¡m­v Bßm-
hn-¶n-\nbpw ZpxJn¡m³ h¿ F¶m-bn. F¶m ]n¡m-
e¯v icocs¯ Zln-¸n-¡pI apX-emb AÔ-k-{¼-Zm-b-
§Ä tNÀ¶ {`m´³ssh-cm-Ky-¯n\v h¶p-s]« At[m-
KXn D]-\n-jÂIm-e¯v Cu kÀÆ-kw-K] - c
- n-Xym-K¯
- n\p
t\cn- tS-­n-h-¶n-Ã. _p²-a-X-s¯- t¸m-se-¯s¶ `c-Zzm-P\pw
kmwkm-cn-I-Po-hn-X-t¯bpw sshcm-Ky-t¯bpw Hcp-t]mse
{]Xn-tj-[n-¡p-¶p-­v. AXnÀhn« lT-hm-Z-¯nsâ ]mc-ay-
¯n-se-¯nb Cu sshcm-Ky-hmZw bYmÀ°-Xym-Ks¯
 16
I kqNn-¸n-¡p¶ H¶Ã; AsXmcp {]Im-c-¯n kzmÀ°-]-
c-Xzw-X-s¶-bm-sW¶p \w ]d-bpw. Hcm-fpsS Bßhv temI-
¯nse asäÃm Bßm-¡fpw IqSn-bmepf-f-Xn-t\-¡Ä
t{ijv T-Xc- -am-sW¶p IcpXn GI-´-tam-£-¯n-\p- th­n
sN¿p¶ {ia-§Ä Hcn-¡epw Bßm-hnsâ bYmÀ°-\-{a-
X-bpsS {]I-S-\-a-Ã. \mw IÀ½w sN¿Ww; F¶m A\m-
k- à - a mbn sN¿Ww F¶mWv D]- \ n- j - ¯ p- I Ä
\njvIÀjn-¡p-¶Xvv. {]]-©-XymKw sNbvXv hn`P-\Ø - -
et¯m k\ym-kn-a-T¯ - ntem hn{i-an-¡p-¶-h-\à [mÀ½n-
I³ kwkm-c-¯n¯s¶ Pohn¨p kmwkm-cn-Ih - -kvXp-
¡sf kvt\ln-¨p-sIm­p X\n-bv¡p-th-­n-b-Ãm-sX, Ah-
bn-e-´À¶n-ln-X-amb A\-´¯ - n\p th­n, Ah-bnÂ
Kp]vX-am-bn-cn¡p¶ hn`q-hn-\p-t h­n kv t\ln-¨p-sIm­v
þ Ign-bp-¶-h-\mWv [mÀ½n-Ia - \- p-jy³. Abmsf kw_-
Ôn-t¨-St- ¯mfw Cuiz-csâ alXzw \ncp-]m-[n-I-amWv;
asäÃm ]ZmÀ°-§Ä¡pw ]qÀ®-X-bn-te-bv¡pÅ hml-\-
§Ä AYhm Cuiz-c-\n-te-bv¡pÅ amÀ¤-§Ä F¶ \ne-
bn kmt]-£-amb al-Xz-hp-ap-­v. A\p-jvTn-¡-s¸-Sp¶
FÃm IÀ¯-hy-§-fpw, hyàn-]-c-amb bÚ§fpw XymK-
§fpw Bß-k m-£ m¡m- c-¯ n\p klm- b n-¡ p-¶ p.
\ap¡p ]nXm-¡· - m-cm-Imw. Fs´-¶m k¦p-Nn-X-amb
hyàn-Xz-¯nÂ\n¶p AXo-Xa - mbn \n¡m\pw IqSp-XÂ
al-¯mb Dt±-iy-§f - p-ambn kzbw XmZmßyw {]m]n¡m-
\papÅ amÀ¤-am-W-Xv. Znhy t{]a-¯nsâ \ng-emWv am\-
ht{]aw. \ap¡p kz´w ]Xv\ nsb kvt \ln-b v¡mw.
F´n\p th­n ? FÃm hkvXp-¡-fp-tSbpw lrZ-b-¯nÂ
Pzen-bv ¡ p¶ B\-µ -¯ n\p th­n. ""bYmÀ°-¯nÂ
`À¯mhv {]nb-\m-Ip¶Xvv `À¯m-hn-\p-th-­n-b-Ã. Bßm-
hn-\p-th­n BWv `À¯mhv {]nb-\m-Ip-¶-Xv.'' F¶p D]-
\n-j¯p ]d-bp-¶p. Cu Imcyw Xs¶ CS-ap-dn-bmsX `mcy,
]p{X-·mÀ, cmPy-§Ä, {_mÒ-W£ - -{Xn-b-Pm-Xn-IÄ, temI-
hn-`m-K-§Ä, tZh-·mÀ, kPoh krjvSn-IÄ, hym]-I-amb
hnizw F¶o hkvXp-¡sf BhÀ¯n-¨m-hÀ¯n-¨p-Zm-l-cn¨v
Dd-¸n-bv¡p-¶p. Ah-sbÃmw Ahbv¡p th­nbà \nXy-
k-¯-bv¡p-th-­n-bmWv Cu kwkm-c-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p-
¶-Xv. kmwkm-cn-I-]-ZmÀ°-§sf ]m]-¯n-\pÅ Cc-bm-bn-
«Ã Znhym-\-µ-{]m-]X v n-¡pÅ amÀ¤-§-fm-bn-«mWv krjvSn-¨n-
«p-Å-X v. \½psS ho£Ww bYmÀ°-am-bm \ap¡p
k¼¯p apX-emb sFiz-cy-§-fp-­m-hp-I-bm-bn. ""XtXm
ta {inb-am-hl'' (A-Xn-\p-tijw F\nbv¡v [\w sIm­p
hcp). kwkvIm-cl - o-\\v [\w Hcp Xn·-bmWv; F¶mÂ
hnth-In-bv¡-§n-s\-bà F¶p i¦-c³ \nÀt±-in¡p-¶p.
{]Xy-£-¯n AssZ-hn-I-am-b n-t¯m-¶p¶ {]m]-©nI
hkvXp-¡Ä [mÀ½n-I-\mb Bßm-hn\p \nc-´ -ca - pÅ
shÃp-hn-fn-bm-Wv. Bßmhv Ah-bpsS kzX-{´-\n-et- bmSv
Gäp s]mcp-XWw; Ahsb ssZhn-I-i-àn-bpsS {]I-S-ambn
amäp-Ibpw thWw. Ah³ Cu A\m-k-à` - m-h-¯nÂ
FÃm IÀ½-§fpw sN¿p-¶p. ""Ak-àt\m \nÀÃn-]X v t\m
BhpI F¶-Xnsâ XmÂ]cyw Bßm-hns\ {]]-©-
t¯mSp tNÀ¯p sI«nb FÃm sI«p-Ifpw Agn¨p apà-
\m-hpI, `qa-WvU-e-¯nse Hcp ]ZmÀ°-t¯bpw B{i-
bn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-I, `uXn-I] - Z- À°-§-fn-tebv¡p Nmbm-Xn-cn-
¡pI Fs¶-Ãm-amWv. aäp-Å-hÀ \s½-¸än F´p-]-d-bp¶p
F´p hnNm-cn¡p-¶p. \s½-s¡m-s­´p sN¿n-¡m-\m-{K-
N P
ln-bv¡p-¶p, CXn-sem¶pw {i²n-¡-cp-Xv. Hcp tbm²mhv K
]S-¡-f-¯n apt¶-dp-¶-t]mse Nn´tbm `mhn-hn-Nm-ctam
IqSmsX kz´w IÀ¯-hy-§Ä \nÀÆ-ln-¡p-I. Hcp [mÀ½n-
I-Im-cy-¯n-\p-th­n kÀÆ-kz-XymKw sNt¿-­n-h-cp-t¼mÄ
X§-fpsS ta·, BZ-ch - v, bi-Êv, A\p-Iq-e-]cnX-Øn-Xn,
kpJkuIcy-§ Ä, a\p-j y-t \m-Sp-f f kvt \l-_ Ôw
Chsb H¶pw Imcy-am-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-I.'' Cu Bßo-b-kw-
LÀj-¯n\v imco-cn-Ia - mb Nne Hcp-¡-§Ä sN¿m³ D]-
\n-j¯ - p-IÄ \s½ t{]cn-¸n-¡p-¶p-­v. iuNw, D]-hm-kw,
C{µn-b-\n-{Klw GIm-´-hmkw apX-em-bh imco-cn-Ii - p-
²n¡v AXym-hi - y-ambn hn[n¡-s¸-«n-cn¡p-¶ p. ""Fsâ
icocw kptbm-Ky-am-Is - «, Fsâ Pnlz AXy´w a[p-c-am-
I-s«. sNhn-sIm­v Rm³ Gähpw A[nIw tIÄ¡p-am-dm-
Is«'' CXnsâ XmÂ]cyw ico-cs¯ Hc-hj - vSw-`-amtbm
Bßm-hn\p Hcp `mc-amtbm IcpXn Xnc-kv¡-cn-t¡-­-
Xnà F¶m-Wv. ico-c-¯nsâ ip²o-I-cW - tam C{µn-b-§-
fpsS tamN-\tam a\-Ênsâ hnIm-ktam H¶pw-Xs¶ Bß-
]o-U-tbmSp _Ô-ap-Å-X-Ã. {_Ò-Ncyw ]men-¡p-¶-hÀt¡
{_Ò-tem-I-{]m-]X v n-bp-­mIq F¶p ho­pw Omtµm-tKym-
]-\n-j -¯n ]d-b -s ¸-« n-cn¡p-¶ p. {_Ò-N cyw Hmtcm
hnZymÀ°nbpw Kpcp-h nsâ ASp-¡ Â hnZym- [ y-b \w
sN¿p¶ Ah-k-c-¯n ]men-bvt¡-­p¶ kz`m-h-\n-b-{´-
W-amWv. AXv kwkm-c-XymKt¯mSp- Iq- Snb X]tÊm sshcm-
Kytam AÃ. Fs´-¶m AtX D]-\n-j¯ - n Viii 5þÂ
{_Ò-N-cys¯ bRvPm-\p-jvTm-\-¯n\p Xpey-ambn ]d-ªn-
cn-bv¡p-¶p. CXp {_Ò-Nc - ys¯ kwkm-c-\n-hr-¯n-sb¶p
sXämbn hymJym-\n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡m-\pÅ Hcp Xm¡oXp \ÂIn-
bn-cn¡p-I-bm-sW¶p tXm¶pw. icocw Bßm-hnsâ tkh-
I-\m-Wv. Imcm-Kr-la - Ã
- . PohnXw a\Êv tNX\ _p²n
apX- em-b-hsb \mw XyPn-¨p- I-f-b-W- sa¶ kqN-\-I-sfm¶pw
D]-\n-j-¯p-I-fn-en-Ã. adn¨p Cuiz-c³ A´-cy-an-bm-sW¶
kn²m´w CXn-s¶-Xn-cmb Hcp \nÀ®-b-¯n-te-bv¡mWv
\s½ \bn-bv¡p-¶X - v.
bYmÀ°-aX - ¯- nsâ `mhm-th-i¯ - n Du¶n- \n¡p-
¶-Xp-sIm­p am{Xw D]-\n-j¯ - p-IÄ Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp- -¶nÃ.
Ah \ap¡v Hcp IÀ¯-hy-kw-lnX IqSn Hcp¡n sh¨n-cn-
bv¡p¶p; AXn-Ãm-ªm [mÀ½n-Im-ZÀiw hniz-kn-¨p-Iq-
Sm¯ hgn-Im-«n- bm-bn-t¸m-Ipw. FÃm BNm-c{Ia- §fpw hnIm-
c-§-fpsS \nb-{´-Whpw _p²n-bpsS kÀ-Æm-[n-]-Xy- hpapÅ,
kzmÀ°-]-c-amb hyàn- Xz-¯nsâ k¦p-Nn-X- Xz-¯n \n¶p
apàn t\Sn BtßmÂIÀj-¯n-tebv¡p \bn¡p-¶, al-
¯mb Znhy-]-²-Xn-bn ]¦m-fn-I-sf¶ \nebv¡v \msaÃmw
\nc-´cw {]hÀ¯n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶ FÃm BNm-cc - q-]-
§fpw þ [mÀ½n-I-§-fmWv; CXn\p hn]-co-X-am-bh A[mÀ
½n-I§ - -fpw, Bß-kw-b-ahpw DZm-c-Xbpw Icp-Wb - p-amWv
kÂKp-W-§Ä. he¯pssI sN¿p-¶Xv CS-¯pssI Adn-
b- cpXv F¶ XXzw Cu hmIy§- fn {]I- Sn- ¸n¡p¶p. ""{i²-
tbm-Sp-IqSn Zm\w sN¿-Ww, A{i-²-tbm-Sp-IqNn Zm\w sN¿-
cp-Xv, [mcmfw Zm\w sN¿-Ww, eÖ-tbm-Sp-IqSn Zm\w
sN¿Ww. `b-t¯msS Zm\w sN¿-Ww, klm- \p-`q-Xn- tbmsS
Zm\w sN¿Ww'' OtµmtKym]-\n-j-¯n (Viii17) X]-Êv,
Zm\w, BÀÖ-hw, Alnw-k, kXy-k-ÔX F¶n-hb - mWv
kZm-Nm-c-cq-]- §-fmbn ]d-b-s¸-«n- cn¡p-¶-Xv. GsX- ¦nepw arK-
 17

I kr-jvSnsb lnwkn-bv¡m³ aSn-¡p-¶Xpw, \mbm-Sn-¸n-Sn¨ I-k-¯-sb-¡m-tfsd bmYmÀ°yam-Wv. X]-kznsb kw_- K

apb¡n-Sm-hn-s\-s¨mÃn hyk\w tXm¶p-¶-Xpw, C¶s¯ Ôn-t¨-S-t¯mfw Bßm-hn\pw ico-c-¯n\pw ISn-\-amb ]cn-
Nn´m-KX - n-bn AXn-i-¦m-ep-¡-fmb kv{XoP-\§ - Ä¡v io-e\w þ ITn-\-amb km[-\þ- -hn-[n-¨n-«p-­v. AXp kn²n-
tNÀ¶ hnIm-c-ZuÀ_-ey-am-tb¡mw. F¶m D]-\n-j-¯p- ¨- hÀt¡ C¯cw BZÀi- Po- hnXw \bn-bv¡m-\m-hq. \njvIr-
I-fn arK-kr-jvSn-Isf kvt\ln¡p-¶Xv Hcp-¯a [À½- jvS-amb ]cn-ip-²nbpw AIn-©-\-Xzhp-amWv X]-kzn-bpsS
ambn KWn¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. `qap-J¯ - pÅ `mc-Xob [À½-im- PohnXs¯ `cn-t¡-­X - v. AbÄ aª-hkv{Xw [cn-bv¡-
kv{X-¯nsâ kma-\y-cq-]-am-Wv. \mbm-«n-¶mbn Hcp am\ns\ Ww. incÊp apWvU\w sNbvXv sXcp-hp-sX­n `£Ww
sImÃp-¶Xpw hnt\m-Z¯ - n\p am{Xw Hsc-ensb D]-{Z-hn- bmNn-bv¡-Ww. Bßm-hn\p hn\bw hcp-¯m-\pÅ D]-I-
¡p-¶Xpw A]-cm-[a - m-Wv. hnIm-c§ - sf Pbn-¡m³ Nne c-W-§-fm-Wn-h. \nXy-\n-bX§-fmb {]mÀ°-\-Ifpw D]-hm-
t¸mÄ khn-ti-j-amb Bß-\n-b-{´Ww hn[n-¡p-¶p-­v. k-§fpw A\p-jvTn-bv¡pI hgn Bßm-hn\v \nXym-\µ - ]
- -
`mc-X ob Nn´-I-·mÀ a\Êv ico-cs¯ B{i-bn-¨ n-cn- Z-hn-bn-te-¡p-b-cp-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p. hnip-²nbpw hn\-bp-am-
bv¡p¶p F¶ hnizm-k-ap-Å-h-cmWv; AXp-sIm-­-hÀ a\- sWmcp X]-kznsb alm-\m-¡n-¯oÀ¡p-¶Xv; Ipi-e-\mb
Ênsâ ]cn-ip²n Bh-iy-am-sW¶p \nÀt±-in¡-p¶p. hmk- Hcn-{µ-Pm-e¡ - m-csâ ssIb-S¡ - -¯n-epÅ kmaÀ°ytam
\-I-fpsS \nb-{´Ww kztÑbm \St¡­-Xm-Wv. AXv hmtXm-·m-Z¡ - mcsâ kz]v\w ImWm-\pÅ Ignthm AÃ.
kw`m-hy-as - Ã-¦n \nÀº-Ôa - mbn \nb-{´n¡epw Nne- Imaw, t{Im[w, hmk-\, CÑ F¶nh hn«p-bÀ¶v ip²-\m-
t¸mÄ ]Xn-hp-­v. X]Êv AYhm \nÀº-Ôa - mb hk\m bn-cn¡p-¶-Xp-sIm-­mWv X]kzn al¯zw t\Sp-¶-X.v Pohn-
\nb-{´-Ww, \ymkw AYhm kwK-]-cn-XymKw Ch c­pw- ¨n-cns¡ A\p-jvTn-¡p¶ Cu Bßm-lpXn HcmÄ¡v Bß-
X-½n t`Zw IÂ]n-¨n-cn¡p-¶p. X]Êv Xmgv¶ ]Sn-bn- l-Xy-tb-¡mÄ ITn-\-am-Wv. acWw Ffp-¸a - m-Wv. `mc-s¸-
epÅ hm\-{]-Ø-¶p-Å-X mWv; AtX kabw \ymkw «Xv Pohn-Xa - m-Wv. kmaqly _Ô-§-fn \n¶p c£-s¸-
k\ym-kn-bv¡p-Å-Xm-Wv. GIm-{K-X, [ym\w \nZn-[ym-k\w Sm³ th­n hoSpw kap-Zmbhpw Dt]-£n-¡p-¶X - p-sIm­v
apX-em-bh tbmK-N -cy-I fpw A\p-hÀ¯n-t¡-­ -Xp-­ v. HcmÄ icn-bmb k\ym-kn-bm-Ip-¶nÃ; Pohn-X¯ - n ]cm-
""{]mÚ³ hm¡ns\ a\-Ênepw a\-Êns\ _p²n-bnepw Pbw ]än-b-Xp-sIm­p am{Xw k\y-kn-¨h - \pw bYmÀ°-
hne-bn-¸n-¡-Ww.'' [ym\hpw GIm-{K-Nn-´-\hpw a\x-ip-²n- k-\ym-kn-bm-Ip-¶n-Ã. Cu Ah-km-\s¯ Xc-¡mÀ k\ym-
¡p-]I - -c-W-ambpw ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. FÃm hnNm-c§ - fpw km-{i-a¯ - n-\msI A]-am\w hcp-¯p-¶p. Bß-kw-baw
A´Àap-J-am¡n Cuiz-c-s\-¯s¶ Nn´n-¡m³ Pohm-ßm- sNbvXv [mÀ½n-I-ho-£-W-¯n-eqsS am\-h-k-aq-l-¯n\p
¡-tfmSv IÂ]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Cuiz-c-\n \n¶v A\p-{Klw th­n IjvS-§-f-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h-\mWv bYmÀ° k\ym-kn.
e`n¡m-\Ã; Cuiz-c-t\mSv XmZmßyw {]m]n-¡m³ ! F- Pohn-X] - -cn-{i-aa - m-sI-¯s¶ \½psS Al-¦mcw XpS¨p
¶m Cu [ym\m-h-Øn-Xa - mb Pohn-X¯- nsâ Bß-{]- \o¡n \s½ ]cn-ip-²-cm-¡m³ th­n-bp-Å-Xm-W.v B{i-a-
lÀjm-hØ t]mepw XoÀ¨-bmbpw bYmÀ°-X-bnÂ\n- hy-hØ - -Ifpw aäpw Btßm-¶-Xn¡v klm-b-I-amIm³
¶pÅ Hscm-gn-ªp-am-d-eà - . AXv ]ZmÀ°-§-fpsS ]c-a- th­n GÀs¸-Sp-¯nb ]²-Xn-I-fpamWv. A§s\ Krl-
k-Xys¯ I­-dn-bm³ Ign-hp-­m-¡p¶ D]-I-cWw am{X- Øm-{i-a-¯n\p tijw ]cn-{hm-P-IP - o-hn-X-amWv hn[n-¨n-
am-Wv. ""aqÀ¨bpw kq£va-X-bp-apÅ a\-Êp-sIm­p am{Xta cn¡p-¶-Xv. Bß-Úm\n Xsâ FÃm kzmÀ°-XmÂ]-cy- -
Cuiz-cs\ ImWm³ Ign-bp.'' {_Ò- -Ncyw, KmÀl-Øyw, §fpw shSnªv ]cn-{hm-PI - -k-\ym-kn-bm-bn-¯o-c-W-sa¶v
hm\-{]-Øw, k\ymkw F¶n-§ns\ \mem-{i-a-§Ä hn[n- D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ tLmjn-¡p-¶p, ""{_mÒ-WÀ Bß-Úm-
bv¡-s¸-«n-cn-bv¡p-¶p. {Ia-¯n Ah-bn-eqsS IS-¶p-t]mbn \n-I-fmbn `mhn-k-´m-\-]-c¼ - c - -bpsS B{K-l-hpw, hyàn-
a\p-jy\v kmwkm-cn-Ia - ew \o¡n Xs¶ ip²-am-¡mw. ]-c-amb kz¯p-ssI-h-i-¯n-\pÅ B{K-lh - pw, euIn-I-
At¸mtg a\p-jy³ Xsâ B²ym-ßn-I-amb hmk-tK-l- amb sFiz-cy-§Ä¡pÅ B{K-lhpw ssIsh-Snªv ]cn-
¯n tIdm³ AÀl-\m-Ip-¶p-Åp. {hm-P-I-cmbn k©-cn-bv¡ p-¶p.'' {]mNo\ `mc-X -¯ nÂ
kap-Zm-b-t¯m-SpÅ IÀ¯-hy-§-sfÃmw ]qÀ®-ambn k\ymkn \nÀ²-\\pw AIn-©-\-\p-am-sW-¦n-epw, bmsXm-
\nÀÆ-ln¨p Ign-ªm Hmtcm-cp-¯À¡pw kwkm-c-¯n c-[n-Im-chpw iàn-bp-an-sÃ-¶n-cn-¡n-epw, km{am-Pym-[n-]-·mÀ
\n¶p hnc-à-\mb hn{iaw tXSm³ hn[n-bp-­v. a\p-jy- IqSn Im¡ Ip¼n-S¯ - -¡-hn[w Øm\hpw _lp-am-
Pn-hn-X-¯nsâ Ah-km-\s¯ ]Sn-bm-Wn-Xv. [mÀ½n-Ia - mb \hpw hln- ¨ n- cp- ¶ p. ]cn- i p-²-Po-hn-X-¯n\v A{Xbpw _lp-
BN-c-Whpw t{]a-a-b-amb Pohn-Xhpw \bn-¡p¶ X]-kzn- am- \ m- Zc- - § - f p- ­ m- b n- c p- ¶ p.
bmb ]cn-{h-mP-I³ kmwkm-cn-I{- ]-tem-`-\-§-fn \n¶p lnµp-a-X-¯nsâ apJy-e-£-W-amb B{i-a-[À½w Pohn-
apà-\ mbn ]c-t em-I -t ¯bv¡ p ZrjvSn Xncn¡p-¶ p. X-¯nsâ FÃm hi¯pw Bß-iàn hfÀ¯n PohnXw
\njvIfhpw `àn ]qÀ®-§-fp-amb `mc-X¯ - nse ap\n-Nn- ]qÀ®-am-¡m³ {ian-¡p-¶p. AXv sshhm-ln-I-Po-hn-X-¯n\v
¯-§Ä \nXy-ku-µc - y-¯nsâ kz]v\§ - -fmepw A\-iz-c- Hcp-¡-sa¶ \ne-bn ItTm-c-amb ]cn-ip²n AYhm {_Ò-
kw-Ko-X¯ - nsâ {]Xn- -[z-\n-I-fmepw \nc-´cw BIr-jvS-§- Ncyw thW-sa¶p \njvIÀjn-¡p-¶p-­v. D]-\n-jZ- {v ZjvSm-
fm-bn-cn-bv¡p-¶p. AhÀ B ]c-am-ZÀi-¯nsâ ASp-¯m- ¡-fpsS A`n-{]m-b¯ - n hnhmlw Hcp [mÀ½nI kwkvIm-
Wv. AXnsâ AkvXn-Xz-¯m-em-Ir-j vS-cm-I¯¡h®w c-amWv; Cuiz-ct- k-hm-]² - -Xn-bm-Wv. KmÀl-Øy-¯nsâ
\s¶ ASp-¯mWv \n¡-p-¶-Xv. \ap-¡-sXmcp kz]v\-am- BØm\-amb Krlw Hcp hnjp-²-th-Zn-bmWv; aX-]-c-amb
Imw. F¶m AhÀ Pohn-¡p-¶tX B kz]v\¯ - n-em-Wv. bmsXmcp NS§pw [À½-]X - v\nsb ]s¦-Sp-¸n-bv¡msX
AXp-sIm-­h - À¡Xv X§Ä Ah-K-Wn¨p XÅp¶ `uXn- ]qÀ¯n-bm-hn-Ã. Zm¼-Xyhpw ]nXr-Xzhpw hgn-bmbn HcmÄ

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 18

I a\p-jy-kvt\-l-¯n-tâbpw IpSpw-_-_-Ô-¯n-tâbpw KuX-a³ kXy-Im-at- \mSp ]dªp: ""icn-bmb Hcp K

AgIpw B\-µhpw XnI¨pw A\p-`-hn-¨p-I-gnª tijw {_mÒW \ÃmsX C§s\ kXyw sXfnªp ]d-bm-\m-
hniz-]u-csâ DbÀ¶ ]Z-hn-bn-se-¯m³ th­n {Ia-¯n hn-Ã. AXp-sIm­v thKw sN¶v Aán Pzen-¸n-¡q. Rm³
Krl-t¯mSpw IpSpw-_-t¯m-Sp-apÅ _Ô-§-fn \n¶v \n\¡v Zo£m-IÀ½w \S-¯mw. \o kXy-amÀ¤-¯n \n¶pw
kzmX{´yw t\Sm³ ]cn-{i-an-¡-W-sa¶pw hn[n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. ]ng-¨-h-\-Ã.''
_p²-aXw `mc-Xob lrZb-§-fn kpØn-ca - mbn Øm\-
hnhn-[-`m-K-§se ab-s¸-Sp-¯m\pw ASn-Xp-c-¡p¶ hÀ¤-
ap-d -¸n-b v¡ p-¶-X n ]cm-P -b-s ¸-« n-«p-s ­-¦ n AXn\p
ssh-c-§-tfbpw sshap-Jy-§-tfbpw AI-äm-\p-amWv D]-\n-
ImcWw AXv {_Ò-N- cys¯ KmÀl-Øy- t¯-¡mÄ AXyp- jZv ZÀi\-§Ä Xp\n-bp-¶X - .v Cuiz-c³ FÃm-h-cnepw Hcp-
¶-X-\n-e-bn sIm­p-sh-¨Xpw ap³tbm-Ky-X-Itfm AÀl- t]mse hym]n-¨n-cn¡p¶ A´-cym-an-bmb Bßm-hm-Wv.
Xtbm t\m¡msX FÃm-h-tcbpw DbÀ¶ kXym-km-{i-a- AXp-sIm­v FÃm-hÀ¡pw Hcp t]mse kXys¯ {Kln-
¯n-tebv¡v sNÃm³ A\p-hZ- n-¨-Xp-am-Wv. k\ym-kn-IÄ bv¡m³ Ignbpw; FÃm-hcw Hcp-t]mse kXy-Úm\w
PmXn, [\w, ]ucXzw CsXm-¶p-an-Ãm¯ Bßo-b-amb Hcp A[y-b\w sN¿m³ A[n-Im-cn-I-fp-am-Wv. £{Xn-b-cpsS
ktlm-Zc - y-Øm-]-\-am-Wv. kvt\l-¯n-tâbpw tkh-\-¯n-
{]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn k\ÂIp-am-c³ {_Ò-W\ - mb \mc-Zs\
tâbpw ktµ-i-§sf {]km-Z-`m-h-¯n {]N-cn-¸n¡p-I-bm- ]ZmÀ°-§-fpsS ]c-a-c-lkyw [cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. DbÀ¶ XXz-
W-Xnsâ Dt±-iyw. `qan-bn hnip-²n-bpsS kuµ-cy-¯n- Úm-\hpw [À½hpw Hcn¡epw {_mÒ-Wh - À¤-¯n\p
\pw, hn\-b-¯nsâ iàn¡pw, AIn-©-\-Xz-¯nsâ B\- am{Xw HXp§n \n¡p-¶-X-Ã. AKm-[a - mb B[ym-ßn-I-
µ- ¯n-\pw, tkh- \-¯nsâ kzmX-{´y-¯n\pw km£n- I-fmbn {]-i\v §- sf hni-Zo-Ic - n¨p ]Tn-¸n¡p¶ £{Xn-b-cm-Pm-¡-
k©-cn-¡p¶ Cuiz-c-Zq-X-·m-cm-W-hÀ. ·m-sc-¸än \mw {KÙ- §-fn hmbn-¡p-¶p. XXz-Úm-\s¯
PmXn-bpsS \nb-a-§Ä kap-Zm-b-t¯m-SpÅ IÀ¯-hy- kw_-Ôn¨ hmZ- {]-Xn-hm-Z§ - Ä¡mbn [mÀ½n-I-k-t½-f-\-
§sf hn[n-¡p-¶p. a\p-jy³ X\n¡p hn[n¨ IÀ¯-hy- §Ä \S-¯n-bn-cp¶ P\-I\pw APm-Xi - {- Xphpw £{Xn-b-
IÀ½-§Ä F´m-bmepw A\p-jvTn-¡-Ww. tbmKy-XI - Ä cm-Pm-¡· - m-cm-bn-cp-¶p. Xo{h-amb _u²n-I-Po-hn-X-¯n-sâ
t\m¡n Ah-bpsS ASn-Øm-\-¯n-emWv IÀ¯-hy-IÀ½- Ime-L-«-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. km[m-c-W-¡mÀIqSn ZmÀi-\n-I-
§Ä hn[n-¨ n-« p-Å -Xv. {_Ò-W Xzw kn²n¡pI P·w {]-iv\-§-fn XmÂ]cyw ImWn-¨p-h-¶p. PvRm\n-IÄ \m«n-
sIm­Ã BN- c-Ww-sIm-­m-sW¶p KWn-¡-s¸-«n-cn¡p- ¶p. e- t§m-«p-an-t§m«pw imkv{X-NÀ¨-IÄ¡mbn DÕml- ]qÀÆw
XpSÀ¶p ]d-bp¶ IY kXys¯ sXfn-bn-¡p-¶p. k©-cn-¨p-sIm-­n-cp-¶p. D]-\n-j-¯p-I-fpsS k¼m-ZI - -·m-
Pm_m-e -b psS aI³ kXy-Im-a ³ Xsâ A½sb cmb {_Ò-WÀ¡v £{Xn-b-·mÀ Kth-j-W-§-fn {][m-\-
kwt_m-[\w sNbvXp ]dªv : ""At½ Rm³ {_Ò-Ncyw amb ]s¦- Sp- ¡ p- ¶ p- s ­¶p k½- X n- ¡ - ¯ ¡ hn[w
Zo£n-bv ¡m-\m-{K-ln¡p-¶p. Rmt\Xp tKm{X-¡ m-c-\m- BßmÀ°-amb kXy-k- ÔX - b- p-­mbn-cp-¶p. kv{XoIÄ
Wt½'' Pohn-X-¯n\p th­n-bpÅ kwLÀjs¯ kw_-Ôn-t¨-
S-t¯mfw Gähpw kpc-£n-X-Ifpw B{in-X-I-fp-am-bn-cp-¶p-
A½ aI-t\mSp ]dªp: ""Fsâ Ip«o, \nsâ tKm{X-
sh-¦nepw tam£-{]m-]vXn-¡pÅ B²ym-ßn-I-k-a-c¯ - nÂ
ta-Xm-sW-s¶-\n-¡-dnªp-IqSm. sNdp-¸-¯n Hcp Zmkn-
AhÀ¡v ]pcp-j-·-tcmSv Xpey-amb A[n-Im-cm-h-Im-i-§-
bmbn Rm\-§p-an§pw \S-¶n-cp¶ Ime-¯mWv \ns¶
fp­m- bn-cp-¶p. ssat{X-bnbpw KmÀKnbpw Bßo-b-amb Kw`o-
KÀ`w [cn-¨Xv. AXp-sIm­v \o GXp tKm{X-am-sW-s¶-
c-{]-iv\§ - -sf-¡p-dn¨v imkv{X-hmZw \S-¯m-dp-­m-bn-c¶p;
\n-¡-dn-bn-Ã. Fsâ t]À Pm_m-e-sb-¶mWv. \o kXy-Im-
ZÀi-\-§-sf-¡p-dn¨p \S-¯p¶ NÀ¨m-k-t½-f-\-§-fnepw
a-\m-Wv. AXp-sIm­v kXy-Im-a-Pm-_m-e-\mWv Rms\¶p
]s¦-Sp-¡ m-dp-­m-bn-cp-¶p.
\n\¡v ]d-bmw.''
D]-\n-j -¯p-I Ä Úm\s¯ tamt£m-] m-b -ambn
kXy-Im-a³ lcn-{Zp-amsâ ]p{X-\mb KuX-asâ ASp-
Du¶n ]d-bp-¶ p-s­-¶ p-ÅXv bYmÀ°-am-Wv . ""XcXn
¡Â sN¶v ]dªp:
timIw Bßm- hnÂ'' Bß-Úm\n FÃm timI-§-tfbpw
""`K-hm³, Rm³ Ahn-Sps¯ ASp-¡Â {_Ò-Ncyw XcWw sN¿p-¶p. ""{_Ò-hn {_ssÒh `hXn'' {_Ò-
Zo£n¡m-\m-{K-ln¡p-¶p. Rm³ Ahn-Sps¯ ASp-¡Â hc- Úm\n {_Òw Xs¶ Bbn-¯o-cp-¶p. D]-\n-j¯ - p-IÄ
s«tbm?'' Úm\-¯nsâ al-Xz-¯n-eq¶n \n¡p-Ibpw FÃm kZm-
KuX-a³ tNmZn¨p : ""tl tkmay, \o GXp tKm{X- Nm-c-§-tfbpwAXnsâ ]qÀÆ-hÀ¯n-I-fmbn Icp-Xp-Ibpw
¯n s]«-h\mWv?'' sN¿p-¶Xp sIm­v D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ Úm\-s¯-¡p-dn-
kXy-Im-a³ ]dªp : ""`K-h³, F\n-bv¡-dn-ªp-IqSm, ¨pÅ AXyp-Õmlw \nan¯w CÑm-ià - nsb AXnsâ
Rmt\Xp tKm{X-¯n s]«-h-s\¶v F\n-bv¡-dn-ªp-IqSm, Øm\- ¯ p- \ n¶v Xcw Xmgv ¯ p¶p F¶p ]d-bp¶ hnaÀi-
Rm\-½-tbmSp tNmZn¨p t\m¡n. A½-bpsS adp-]Sn C§- I- · m-
c p-
­ v . Úm\n- I Ä¡v kZm- N mcw hfsc Imcy-ap-Å-
s\-bmWv: "Rms\sâ sNdp-¸¯ - n Hcp ]cn-Nm-cn-I-sb¶ sXm- ¶ p- a à F¶v Dd- ¸ n¨p ]d- b p¶ Ubq- k ³ AÚm- \n-
\ne-bn A§p-an§pw Aeªp Xncn-ªn-cp¶ Ime- IÄ¡pw AXm- h - i y- a nà F¶p ]n¶oSp ]d- b p¶p. ""tam£-
¯mWv \ns¶ KÀ`w [cn-¨-Xv. \nsâ tKm{X-ta-sX¶p ]d- {]m]vXn sImh-cp-¯p¶ Úm\w t\Sp-¶-Xn kZm-Nmcw
bp-hm³ km[y-a-Ã. Fsâ t]À Pm_m- e- sb- ¶mWv; \o kXy- klm-bn-¡p-¶Xv {]Xy£-ambn«Ã; A{]-Xy-£-ambn am{X-
Im-a-\mWv' AXp-sIm­v `K-h³ Rm³ kXym-Ima Pm_m- amWv klm-bn¡p-¶Xv. Fs´-¶m Cu PvRm\w ap¼n-
e-\m-W.v '' Ãm¯ H¶nsâ DNn-Xa - mb D]-I-c- -W-§-fm D­m-Item

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 19

I D­m-¡-s¸-Stem AÃ. Cu Úm\w A\m-Zn-Im-e-ambn sXt´m AsXÃmw Cu Bßm-hn \n¶p e`n-¡p-¶p.'' K

\nXy-h-kvXp-hmbn \ne-\n¶p hcp¶ H¶nsâ A\p-`qXn IÀ½-§Ä Úm\-k- l-Ir- X-ambn A\p-jvTn-¡-W-sa-¶mWv
am{X-am-W.v '' F¶m D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ Úm\s¯ i_vZ- Cu kqàw \njvIÀjn-¡p-¶X - .v kÀÆm-Xn-im-bn-bmb ]c-
¯nsâ k¦p-Nn-X-amb AÀ°-¯n tam£-{]m-]vXn¡v a-k-¯-bn {i²-hn-izm-k-§-tfmSp IqSmsX A\p-jvTn-
HmtIm-]m-b-ambn kzoI-cn-bv¡-p¶nÃ. ""Bßm-hns\ thZ- ¡p¶ tIh-e-IÀ½-§Ä ZpÀº-e-§-fm-Ip-¶p. a\p-jysâ
Úm\w sIm­p-am{Xw {]m]n-¡m³ Ign-bn-Ã. hnÚm-\w- bYmÀ°-e£yw tIhew bm{´nI-amb k¡À½-§Ä
sIm­pw hfsc A[nIw ]Tn-¨X - p-sIm­pw {]m]n¡m³ sIm­v t\Sm³ Ign- bp-I-bn-Ã. FÃm IÀ½-§-fnepw bÚm-
Ign-bn-Ã.'' kXy-amb Pohn-X¯ - n-emWv Du¶Â. Úm\- \p-jvTm-\-§fnepw {Inbm-Ie - m-]§ - -fnepw Btßm-¶-Xn-bp-
t¯m-sSm¸w [À½hpw XpSÀ¶p-­m-bn-cn-bv¡-Ww. {_Ò- ­m-Ip-¶p. F¶m AhnsS A\-´h - p-ambn XmZmßyw
Úm\w t\Sm-\m-{K-ln¡p-¶-h\v F{X-Xs - ¶ iàn-bmb {]m]n-¨ p-s Im-Å - W -s a-¶ n- Ã . kXy-a mb Bßm-h nsâ
DÕm-lhpw PnÚm-k-bp-ap-­m-bn-cp-¶mepw kZm-Nm-cw, lnXs¯ ]pjvSn-s¸-Sp-¯pI F¶ GI-hn-Nm-c-t¯msS
[À½-\njvT F¶o c­p tbmKyXI-fp-an-sÃ-¦n {]thiw FÃm IÀ½§fpw A\p-j vTn¡-Ww. Cuizc-\n-ÃmsX
e`n-bv¡p-I-bn-Ã. Úm\-sa-¶m tIhew _p²n-bp-sS Ign- \½psS Pohn-X¯ - n\p e£y-an-Ã. k¯-bn-Ã, B{i-b-hp-
hà F¶p \mw hni-Z-am-t¡-­n-bncn¡p¶p. Bß-t_m-[- anÃ. Cl-tem-I¯pw ]c-tem-I¯pw A[n-I¡ - -W¡
- nÂ
am-W-Xv. {_Ò-PnÚmkp-hnsâ a\Êv A[nIw N©-e- \· In«-W-sa¶ Hä Dt±-iy-t¯msS A\p-jvTn-¡p¶ IÀ½-
am-bn-¡qS; ]c-amÀ°-k-¯-bn {i² sNep-¯m³ Ign- I-em-]-§-tfbpw bÚ-bm-Km-Zn-I-tfbpw D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ
bm¯ hn[w kmwkm-cn-I-hn-j-b-§-fn kwen-]vXh - p-am-bn- A]-e] - n-bv¡p-¶p-­v. ]c-tem-I¯p Hmlcn [\w (sj-
¡q-Sm. Cuiz-c-`-àn-sIm-­-hsâ lrZbw ]hn-{Xhpw B\- bÀ) h§mt\m Cuiz-c-\p-a mbn Hcp _m¦p-I -W-¡ m-
µ-`-cn-X-hp-am-bn-cn-¡-Ww. Cuiz-c-im-kv{X-¯n hnZ-K² v -cmb cw`n¡mt\m DÅ Dt±-iy-t¯msS BI-cpXv \w IÀ¯-hy-
Ejn-amÀ injy-·msc Xnc-sª-Sp-¡-W-sa-¦n AXn-\p-ap- IÀ½-§-f-\p- jvTn¡p-¶-Xv. {_m- Ò-W-§- fn IÀ¯-hy-IÀ½-
¼mbn Nne injy-·msc Ipsd-¡m-et- ¯mfw kZm-Nm-c-Zo- §sf kw_-Ô n¨p {]I-Sn-¸ n¨ A_p-² n-] qÀÆ-I-amb
£bv¡pw [mÀ½n- I- amb A¨-S-¡- ¯n\pw \nb-{´- W¯n\pw C¯cw Bi-b-§sf {]Xn-tj-[n-¨p-sIm­p D]-\n-j-¯p-
hnt[-b-cm-tI­n h¶-Xmbn Adn-hm-Ip-¶p. {]ivt\m-]\ - n- IÄ Hc-\n-hm-cy-k-Xys¯ Du¶n-bp-d¸ - n-¡p-¶p-­v. F¶m-
j-¯n ]n¸-em-Za - l
- Àjn Bdp {_Ò-Pn-Úm-kp-¡sf eh "IÀ½-§fpw Úm\hpw X½n _Ô-anÃ; Úm\w
Hcp hÀj-t¯bv¡p IqSn IqSp-XÂ A¨-S-¡-¯n\pw Bß- am{X-amWv tam£-km-[\w' F¶ aXs¯ ]n´m-§p-¶n-
\n-b-{´-W¯ - n\pw hnt[-b-cmbn hÀ¯n-¡m³ aS¡n Ab- Ã. Úm\-IÀ½-§-fpsS kap-¨-b-amb Hcm-ßo-I-Po-hn-X-
¨n-cp-¶p. Omtµm-tKym]\nj-¯n Kpcp kXyImam P_m- s¯-bmWv D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ \njvIÀjn-¡p-¶-Xv.
es\ ]ip-]m-e-\-¯n-\mbn tLmc-h-\m-´-c-§-fn-te-bv¡-b- [mÀ½n-I-amb Cu kn²nbpsS kw`m-hy-X-X-s¶-bmWv,
¨-Xmbn ]d-bp-¶p. GIm-´-[ym-\hpw {]Ir-Xn-k-¼À¡hpw FÃm kZm-Nm-c-§-fp-tSbpw ]qÀÆ-[m-cW. AXn-ÃmsX kZm-
hfÀ¯p-I-bm-bn-cp¶p CXn-¶ p-t±-iyw. D]-\n-j- ¯p-IÄ Nm-c-]-ca - mb \½psS A`n-em-j§ - Ä \nd-th-ä³ Ign-bp-
\njvIÀjn-bv¡p¶ Úm\w Bß-i-àn-bpsS kPo-h\ - n- sa-¶p-d¸- n-Ã. B]-¯p-Ifpw `b-§fpw tcmK-§fpw ac-W-
b-a-amb {i² AYhm hnizm-k-am-Wv. hr£w ^en-¡p-¶- §fpw FÃmw \½psS ap¼n-ep-­v. F¶mepw {]I-S-amb
t]m-se-¯s¶ PvRm\hpw IÀ½-¯n-eqsS A`n-hy-à-am- Akmw-K-Xy-§fpw ]c-kv ]c - -hn-tcm-[hpw sh¨p-sIm-­pw,
I-Ww. Úm\w \ap¡p e`n¨p Ign-ªm kXyw ssIh- FÃm hkvXp-¡fpw {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶Xv Ah-km-\-ambn \·-
¶- Xmbpw AXns\ kzmb-¯- am-¡n-b- Xmbpw AXn-\m \mw bv¡p-th-­n-bm-sW-¶pÅ hnizmkw \ap¡v DÕm-lhpw
]cn-h-À-¯\w sN¿-s¸-«X - mbpw Icp-Xs- ¸-Sp-¶p. ""Zpcm-Nm-c- kt´m-jhpw \ÂIp- ¶p. kZm-Nm-c-¯n\v aX-¯nsâ AwKo-
¯n \n¶p apà-\pw, im´-\pw, kam-ln-X\ - p-a-Ãm-¯, I-cWw Bh-iy-a p-­v . hniz-¯ n-e p-Å -s XÃmw icn-b m-
lrZ-b-¯n im´n hncm-Pn-¡m¯Hcp hyàn¡Xv km[y- sW¶pw a\p-jysâ hnPbw A\n-hm-cy-am-sW¶pw Cuiz-
am-hn-Ã. AXm-bXv Úm\w sIm­p am{Xw {_Ò-{]m-]vXn- c³ \ap- ¡ p- d - ¸ p- X - c p- ¶ p. ""a\p- j ysâ AZr- i yhpw
bp-­m-I m³ h¿.'' AXp-s Im­p cmam-\p-P³ Úm\- AaqÀ¯hpw Ahm-Nyhpw AKm-[-hp-amb B H¶n Xsâ
¯nsâ hyJym-\¯ - n [ym\w, kam-[n, D]m-k-\, ]qP kam-[m-\hpw hn{i-a-Øm-\hpw I­p-I-gn-ªm Ah\p
F¶-n-hbv¡pw Øm\w \ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p¶p. Úm\-¯n kam-[m\w e`n-bv¡p-¶p. AXn-ses´¦nepw CS-apt«m
\n¶v kZm- Nm-cs¯ ]pd- ´-Ån-s¡m-­pÅ hymJym-\-¯n\v thÀ]mtSm Ds­¶p AwKo-I-cn-¨m Ah\p ]ns¶ Akz-
Hcp \ymbo-I -c-Whpw ImWp-¶n-Ã. Bßm-hn-t\m-SpÅ Ø-X-bmbn; an¡-hmdpw X\n-s¡-Ãm-a-dn-bm-sa¶p Icp-Xp¶
sFIy-`mhw A`n-hy-à-am-Ip-¶n-sÃ-¦n A¯cw tIh-e- Hcm-fpsS Akz-ØX!''aX-]c - -amb Cu Dd¸p In«n-¡-gn-
IÀ½-§Ä A]-cym-]vX-§-fm-sW¶v D]-\n-j-¯p-I-fq-¶n-¸- ªm¸ns¶ ]cn-Øn-Xn-bpsS k½À±-¯n\pw a\p-jysâ
d-bp-¶p. ""AÃ, Bßm-hn-¶n-hnsS al-¯mb Nne hnip- A{I-aI - r-Xy§Ä¡pw \s½ Akz-Øc - m-¡m³ Ign-bn-Ã.
²-IÀ½-§Ä \nd-th-äm-\p-s­¶v Adn-hp-Å-h\ - -sÃ-¦nepw FXn-cm-fn-IÄ¡p \½psS a\-Ên t{Im[hpw -Dd¸pw Df-
Abm-fpsS IÀ½w HSp-hn hn\-jvS-am-Ipw. HcmÄ Xsâ hm¡m-\m-hn-Ã. kZm-Nm-c-¯n\pt{]cW \ÂvIp-¶Xp aX-
Bßmhp am{X-amWv kXy-sa¶v a\-Ên-em-¡n, Btßm- am- W v. aX¯nsâ ASn-Ø m-\ - ¯ n-e - s Ã- ¦ n ]ns¶
]m-k\ \S-¯p-¶p-sh-¦n Abm-fpsS IÀ½w HSp-hn hn\- \ap¡nÃm¯ Ft´m H¶n-s\-¡p-dn¨p Fs¶¶pw {]b-
jvS-am-Ipw. HcmÄ Xsâ Bßmhv am{X-amWv kXy-sa¶v Xv\s - at¶m , Ah-km-\a - n-Ãm¯ B{K-l-sat¶m \nc-´c - -
a\-Ên-em-¡n, Btßm-]m-k\ \S-¯p-¶p-sh-¦n Abm- amb hfÀ¨-sbt¶m Hs¡ Bhpw kZm-Nm-c-¯n-¶À°w.
fpsS IÀ½w hn\n-jvS-am-Ip-¶n-Ã. AbmÄ B{K-ln-¡p-¶- aX-¯n-em-Is« CsXÃmw A\p-`-hk - n-²am-Ip¶p; k^-
N P
 20
I ehpw B\-µ-a-b-hp-am-Ip-¶p. At¸mÄ Pohm-ßm-hnsâ
ZuÀºeyw \o§p¶p; Pohm-ßm-hn\p hnti-j-amb al-
Xzhpw \nÀÆ-ln-bv¡m-s\m-cp-t±-iyhpw Ds­-¶p-h-cp¶p. Hcn-
bv¡-eo-t_m-[-ap-Zn-¨p-I-gn-ªm ]ns¶ ico-c-_-Ô-a-ämepw
icn XpSÀ¶mepw icn, a\p-jy³ AXn-s\-¡p-dn¨p DZm-
ko-\\ - m-Ip-¶p. Ah³ k©m-c-amÀ¤w kpK-a-amtWm ITn-
\-amtWm F¶ Nn´bpw Ah-\n-Ã. a\p-jy\v kXym-\p-`q-
Xn- b p- ­ m- I p- ¶ - t XmsS Ahsâ ]m]- § Ä AIse
\o§p¶p; ]md-bvs¡-dnª a®p-cp-f-t]mse Ah kzbw
XIÀ¶p \in-bv¡p-¶p.
aX-Po-hn-Xs¯ kw_-Ôn-¡p¶ Cu apJy-kXyw \nÀ`m-
Ky-h-im `mc- Xo-b-hn-Nm-c-§-sf-¸än ]Tn- bv¡p¶ ]e anI¨
]WvUn-X-·mÀ t]mepw th­-hn[w a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶n-Ã. D]-
\n-j-¯p-Isf hnaÀin-¨h - c
- n Gähpw B[p-\n-I-\mb
tUmIvSÀ lyqw A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp¶p: ""D]-\n-j - kn²m-
´hpw {Ko¡p-Im-cmb Ejn-am-cpsS kn²m-´hpw X½nÂ
Úm\w t\Sn-b-hÀ kzm`m-hn-I-ambn k¨-cn-{X-\mIptam
AYhm Úm\ÀÖ-\-¯nsâ ]cn-Wmaw kÂKp-W-]qÀ®-
amb PohnXw Xs¶-bmtWm F¶ Imcy-¯n henb aX-
t`-Z-ap-­v. ChnsS Ipd-¨m-ß-Úm\w t\Sn-¡-gn-ªmÂ
]qÀÆmÀÖn-X-]m-]-§fpw bYmÀ°-¯n- en-Ãm-Xm-Ip-¶p­v!
"henb ]m]-am-sW¶p tXm¶p-¶Xpw' Úm\-an-Ãm-¯-h³
sNbvXm \nµyhpw ^e-¯n B]¡-c-hp-amb ]m]-
§Ä, in£m-` bw IqSmsX kt¦mNw hn«p \nc-´ cw
sNbvXp-sIm­n-cn¡m³ Bß-Úm- \n-¡-\p-hm-Z-ap-­v.'' D]-
\n-j Úm\w B[ym-ßn-Ia - mb ]WvUn-Xytam hmZ-{]-
Xn-hm-Z-]-c-hpw, JWvU-\-a-WvU-\m-ß-I-hp-amb kq£va-ss\-
]p-Wytam Asöpw AXv kÀtÆm-¶X - a- mb k¯sb
hniz-lr-Z-b-¯n kÀtÆm-]c - n-i-ànbmbn {]Xy-£o-Ic - n-
bv¡-em-sW¶pw \mw BZyta ]dªp Ign-ª-n«p-­v. a\p-
jy-{]-IrXn ssk²m-´n-I-ambpw {]mtbm-K-nI-ambpw c­p
hn[-¯nepw ]cn-hÀ¯\w sNbvXp-I-gn-ªm am{Xta Cu
Bßo-bm-\p-`qXn {]m]n-bv¡m³ Ign-bq. lyqw ]d-bp¶
""Ipd-¨mß Úm\w t\SÂ'' lrZ-b-ip²n h¶-hÀ¡p
am{Xta km[y-a-Iq. AhÀ¡p ]qÀ®-kzm-X-{´y-ap-­v. ""B
DbÀ¶ \ne-bn Hcp Ių IÅ-\Ã; sIme-bmfn sIme-
bm-fn-bÃ; ]pWy-]m-]§ - -f-hs\ ]n³Xp-Sc - p-¶n-Ã. Fs´-
¶m AbmÄ At¸m-tg¡pw lrZ-b-¯nse FÃm ZpxJ-
hn-Im-c-§-sfbpw hnP-bn¨p Ign-ªn-cn¡p-¶p.'' kzX-{´\v
bmsXmcp \nb-{´-W-hp-an-ÃmsX F´pw kzѵw sN¿mw;
]t£ Cu kzmX{´yw ""tXm¶n-bXp sN¿m-\pÅ {`m´Ã
Xm\pw.'' {_Ò-km-£m¡m-c-hmZn X\n-¡p-Xmt\ \nb-a-
hn- [m- Xm- hm- Ip- ¶p; AbmÄ X\n¡pw Xm³ hkn- ¡p¶ temI-
¯n\pw {]`p-hm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. \nb-a\ - nÀ½m-Whpw \nb-{´-
-Whpw X§-fpsS a\x-km- £n-bpsS t{]c-W-bvs¡m¯v BN-
cn-bv¡m-¯-hÀ¡p th­n-bp-Å-Xm-Wv. F¶m kzmÀ°-
amb Alw-`m-h-§-fn \n¶p-bÀ¶-hÀ¡v kZm-Nmcw Pohn-
X-¯nsâ \nXy-_-Ô-\-bm-bn-¯o-cp¶p; \nbaw t{]a-¯nÂ
]qÀ®-ambn \nÀÆln¡s¸-Sp-¶p. AhÀ ZpjvIÀ½w sN¿p-
I-sb-¶Xv kw`m-hyta AÃ. ]pdsa \n¶pÅ k½À±w
B´-co-Ia - mb kzoIm-ca - mbn ]cn-Wa - n¡p-¶p. [mÀ½nI
PohnXw {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xp-hsc kZm-Nm-c- \n-baw a\p-jy³
IjvS-s¸«p sR-cp§n A\p-k-cnt¡-­p¶ ]pdsa \n¶pÅ
Hcp-{K-im-k-\-am-bn-t¯m-¶pw. shfn¨w In«n-¡-gn-ªmtem
N P
]ns¶-bXv A\m-bm-k-ambn DÕm-l] - q- ÀÆw Adn-bmsX K
{]hÀ¯n¡p¶ Bßm-hnsâ kl-P-amb B´-c-Po-hnXw
Xs¶-b mbn ]cn-W -a n¡p-¶ p. Hcp Ejn-b psS IÀ½w
Bßmhnsâ kv^qÀ¯n-bn-tebv¡v Xs¶-¯m³ kÀÆm-
kzmÀ¸Ww sN¿-emWv; AÃmsX ]pdsa \n¶v Npa-¯-
s¸-Sp¶ \nb-a§ - sf a\Êp-a-Sp-t¸msS A\p-k-cn-¡e - -Ã.
IÀ½-¯n\p ]pc-kvImcw Imw£n¡m-¯, hogvN bv¡p
in£sb `b-an-Ãm-¯, Hcp \nkzmÀ°-nbmb Bßm-hnsâ
kzX-{´-amb t{]cW \mw ImWp-¶p. ]c-¼-cm-KX - §
- -fmb
N«-§fpw NS-§p-Ifpw _mly-amb IÀ¯-hy-§fpw kZm-
Nmc \nb-a-§fpw Abmsf kw_-Ônt¨S-t¯mfw \ncÀ°-
I-am-Wv. Bßmhv B ]c-am-\µ - ¯
- n tNÀ¶v ]cn-Xp-jvS-
\m-Ip¶p; kakvX ]ZmÀ°-§-fp-tSbpw sFIys¯ ZÀin-
bv¡ p¶p; \mw hyàn-] -c-a mbn \½psS Bßm-h ns\
kvt\ln-bv¡p¶ t]mse-¯s¶ AXv kakvX {]]-©-
t¯bpw kvt \ln-¡p-¶p. ""kÀÆYm ]qÀ®-a mb Hcp
kÂ`m-h\ C§s\ hnjb-\n-jvT-am-b, AXm-bXv kZm-Nm-
cw- k w-_ - Ô n-b mb \nb-a -§ Ä¡-[ o-\ -a mbn {]hÀ¯n-
bvt¡­ _m[y-X-bp-Å-Xmbn hnNm-cn¡m³ Ign-bp-I-bn-Ã.
Fs´-¶m AXnsâ Bß-\n-jvT-amb kwL-S\ Imc-W-
ambn kmZm- Nm-c-kz-`mhw sIm­p Xs¶ AXnsâ \nÀ®bw
hcp-¯m³ Ign-bpw. AXp-sIm­v Cuiz-co-b-amb CÑbv¡v
AYhm s]mXp-hn AXy-´ -ip-²-amb CÑm-i-à n¡v
]n¶oSp BÚm-cq-]-¯n Hcp t{]cW Bh-iy-an-Ã.
"Ahiy IÀ¯hyw' ChnsS AØm-\-¯m-Wv. Fs´-¶mÂ
CÑm-ivànbpw \nb-ahpw ChnsS Ahiyw GIm-Im-ca - mbn-
¡-gn-ª n-cn¡p-¶ p.'' kmZm-N mc \nb-a -§ Ä AXnsâ
{]Xy£ {]IS\-amWv; AXp-sIm-­X - ns\ _Ôn-¡p-¶n-
Ã. Ghw-hn-[-\mb ]c-am-ßmhv KpW-§-fpsS hn[m-Zmhpw
kzcm-«p-am-W.v AXm-bXv kzbw \nb-ak - z-cq-]-\m-Wv. hniz-c-
N-\-bpsS ]²-Xn-bn aq¶p-Xcw kXz-§-fp-­v. (1) kzbw
\ne-\n-ev]n¶pw £p¯-S¡ - m-\pw th­n {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-
hÀ; kzÀ¤ {]m]vXnsb Imw£nt¨m \c-I-`bw aqetam
kzmÀt°m-t±-iy-t¯msS Fs´- ¦nepw sN¿p¶ A[- a-·mÀ.
(2) \nb-a-§-f-dn-bp-¶h - cpw X§-fpsS Bßm-hn\v sshcp-
²y-`m- h-\- bp-Å-Xp- sIm­v \nb-a-§-fpsS ]cn-[n-IÄ¡p-ÅnÂ
CW§n HXp§n \n¡m³ IjvS-s¸«v AXy- [zm\w sN¿p-
¶-h-cpw. (3) Pohn-X-kw-LÀj- ¯n hnPbw {]m]n¨v im´n
t\Snb hniz-c-£-I-·mÀ. A¯-c-¡mÀ Pohn-tXm-t±-iy-s¯-
¸än XnI¨pw A`n-Ú-cm-Wv. hfsc hnNm-c-s¸-Sm-sX, sRcp-
¡-an-Ãm-sX, B Dt±-iy-¯n-¶-\p-Iq-e-ambn AhÀ \nc-´cw
{]hÀ¯n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn¡p-¶p. ktµ-lhpw _p²n-ap«pw
t\cn-Sp¶ Imcy§fn IÀ¯-hy-\n-jvT-cmb {_Ò-Úm-
\n-IÄ X¯-Zh - k- -c-§-fn BN-cn¡p-¶t- ]mse BN-cn-
bv¡m³ D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ \t½mSv BÚm- ]n-¡p-¶- t]mse
BN-cn-¡m³ D]-\n-j¯ - p-IÄ \t½mSv BÚm-]n-bv¡p-
¶p. Cu alm-ßm-¡Ä \£-{X-§Ä {]Imiw hnX-dp¶
t]mse-bpw, ]q¡Ä kuc`yw s]mgn-¡p¶ t]msebpw
kzbw Adn-bmsX Xs¶ X§-fpsS ssZ\n-II - À½-§-f-\p-
jvTn-¨psIm-­n-cn-bv¡p-¶p. FÃm a\p-jyÀ¡pw thW-sa-
¶p-sh-¨m Cu kn²n ssIh-cp-¯m³ Ignbpw. Cuiz-c-
t\mSv H¶m-bn-t¨-cpI kw`m-hy-am-sW¶v Øm]n-¡m³
AXnsâ hmkvXh - n-I-X-X-s¶-bmWv {]am-Ww. a\p-jy\p
kÀÆ-ià - \ - mb ]c-am-ßm-hn-t\mSv XmZmßyw {]m]n¨
 21

I A\p-`hw Xs¶bm-Wv. {InkvXy³ZmÀi-\n-I·- m-cpsS A`n- XmÀ¡n- I-coXym \njvIÀjn¨v ]Tn¨ tijw GIm-´-¯n K
{]m-b-¯n a\p-jy-\n Cuiz-c³ ]qÀ®-ambn A`n-hy- ]qÀ®-\n-È-_vZX - b- n \£-{X-§ sf t\m¡n-s¡m-­n-cn-
à-am-bn-¡m-Wp-¶Xv tbip {InkvXp-hnsâ hyàn-Xz-¯n bv¡pI F¶p hnävam³ ]d-bp-¶-Xp-t]mse kzX-{´-ambn
am{X-am-Wv. Cuiz- csâ k¼qÀ®-amb Hu¶-Xy-¯n-te-bv¡p- ]qÀ®-amb GIm-´-¯n-en-cp¶v t\tS-­n-bn-cn¡p-¶p. Hcp-
b-cp-hm-\pÅ kw`m-hyX FÃm a\p-jy-cnepw IpSn-sIm-Åp- X-c-¯n-eXp \mw Adn-bm-\m-{K-ln-¡p¶ hkvXpsh \½psS
¶p-s­¶v D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ tLmjn-b¡ v p-¶p. {]b-Xv\n-¨m- a\-¡® - n\p ap¼n \nÀ¯-em-Wv. [ym\s¯ hyh-lm-c-
e-hÀ¡v B D¶X ]Z-hn-bn-se-¯mw. ¯n Zpjn-¨p- Im-Wp¶ aqÀÑmh-Øbvt¡m A]-kar-
kZmNmc \njvT kzbtah Hcp e£ytam Dt±iytam Xnbvt¡m km[-\-kz-cq-]a - mbn KWn-¡-cp-Xv. a\-Êns\ hnj-
A Ã. A Xns\ \mw \½psS ]qÀ® PohnXambn b- ¯ n Ønc- a m¡n \nÀ¯m³ klm-b-sa¶ \ne-bnÂ
DÄs¡mff­Xp­v. CXn\v am{XamWv kÀtÆm]cn am{Xta FSp- t ¡- ­ - X p- Å p. hnNm- c-¯nsâ Nm©-ey-§-sfm-
alXzapffXv. ]c-ae - -£y-¯n-\p-th­n kzX-{´y tkh-\- Xp¡n \nÀ¯n. CÑ- bpsS ]mfn- ¨ bv ¡p ISn-ªm-Wn-«v, a\-
sa¶ ip²-hn-Nmcw h¶p tIdn-b-t¸mÄ Øm\-{`wiw kw`- Êns\ \mw hnj- b - ¯ n- e p- d - ¸ n¡p¶p; AXn-\p-Ån-te-¡pÀ¶n-
hn¨ Hcp \nb-a-hn-[nsb A¨-S¡ - -t¯msS A\p-k-cn¡- d-§ p¶p; AXmbn XmZmßyw {]m]n¡p- ¶p. Cuiz-tcm-]m-
em- Wn-hnsS kZm-Nm-c-ambn \n¡p-¶-X.v B kzX{´ tkh- k- \ , kZm- N m- c w, kXym- t \z- j Ww Ch- s bÃmw Bßm-hnÂ
\-am-Is« ]qÀ®-{_-Ò-t¯m-SpÅ AsslXp-I-`-àn-X-s¶- kXy- P o- hnXw Øm]n- b v ¡ m³ klm- b n- b v ¡ p- ¶ p. Dulm-
bm-W v. Cu Ah-Ø -bn Pohm-ßmhv ]c-am-ßm-hn t]m- l m- ß - I - a mb a\Êv Cuiz- c k- ¯ - s b- ¡ p- d n¨p \nZn-[ym-
hnebw {]m]n-bv¡p-¶p. F¶m Cu e£y-{]m-]vXn¡p k- \ w sN¿p- t ¼mÄ t{]am- ß - I - `- à n- b n- e pÅ sshIm- cn-I-
hgn-sbm-cp-¡p¶ kZm-Nm-c-]-c-amb ITn-\m-[zm\w Hcn-¡epw kz- ` mhw Cuizc\n¯s¶ kzbw ebn- ¨ - S - § p- ¶ p. km[m-
hyÀ°-am-I-bn-Ã. c-W-t]mse At¸mÄ hnjbw \½-fn \n¶p ]pd-ta-bn-
Ã. B ka-b¯v \nJn-e-k-¯-bnepw H¶n¨p kv^pcn-
aX-t_m[w
bv¡p¶ AKm-[-amb Hc-\-`q-Xn-bp-­m-Ip-¶p. Cuiz-c-t\mSv
aXw apJy-ambn Pohn-X-t¯bpw A\p-`-h§ - -tfbpw sFIyw {]m]n-¡p-I-bmtWm F¶p IqSn tXm¶n-t¸m-Ipw.
kw_-Ôn-¡p¶ Imcy-am-Wv. aX-t_m[w hfÀ¯m³ aq¶p D]m-k-I³ Xsâ D]m-ky-tZ-h-X-tbmSp Xpey-ambn hfÀs¶m-
amÀ¤-§-fmWv D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ \nÀt±-in¡p-¶Xv; {ih-Ww, ¸-sa-¯p-¶p. hnjbw B ka-b¯p [ym\-¯nsâ LS-I-
a\-\w, \nZn-[ym-k-\w. {ihWw tI«-dn-bp-Ibpw a\\w Adn- am-bn-cn-bv¡msX [ym\n-bv¡p-¶-hsâ tNX\ Bbn-¯o-cp-
ª-Xn-s\-¡p-dn¨p Nn´n-¡p-I-bp-am-Wv. GIm-{K-la - mbn ¶p. a\-Ênsâ cq]-am-äw, HcÀ°-¯n Pohn-X-k-¯-bpsS
apgpIn [ym\n¡-emWv \nZn-[ymk\w. H¶m-as¯ Ah- H«msI cq]-am- -ä-amWv; D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ ]c-{_-Ò-¯nsâ ]c-
Ø-bmb {ihWw aX-Po-hn-X¯ - n ]mc-¼c - y-¯n-\pÅ am-\µ - -c-k-amb A´x-t{]-c-W-tbm-sSm¸w A{]-[m\ tZh-
Øm\s¯ kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. k¯m-am-{X-\mb Cuiz-c-\n X-I-fpsS A´x-t{]-c-W-sb-¸-änbpw \ap¡p ]d-ªp-X-cp-
hnizm-k-Zo£ sImÅm³ GsX-¦nepw Xc-¯n-epÅ ]c- ¶p-­v. A´À±Ài-\-¯nsâ hnj-b-§Ä¡p hyI-Xn-Xz-
¼-cm-KX - -amb Hcp Znhy-t{]-cW Bh-iy-am-Wv. ""{]Xy-£m- ¯nsâ k¦p-Nn-X-`m-h-§fpw ]cn-an-Xnbpw D­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶n-
\p-`q-Xn-bn-Ãm-sX-Xs¶ Cuiz-c-k-¯-bn hniz-kn-¨h - À S-t¯mfw ]c-a-e£yw {]m]n-¡m³ Ign-bn-Ã. \ap¡p {_Ò-
A\p-Kr-lo-X-cm-Ip-¶p.'' A[n-I] - £w Bfp-Ifpw ]mc-¼- am-bn-¯o-c-W-sa-¦n {_Ò-hn-j-b-I-amb A´À±Ài\w
cy-¯nepw {]Xo-I-§-fnepw (hn-{K-lm-Zn-IÄ) X§n-\n-¡p- Xs¶ thWw.
I-bm-Wv. D]-\n-jÂkn-²m-´¯ - n-¶-\p-k-cn¨ aXw ]mc-¼-
P]w, [ym\w, kZm-Nm-cw, kXyhpw `mh-\nÀ`-c-hp-amb
cy-hm-Z-hp-ambn Hcp hn[-¯nepw sXän-[-cn-bv¡-s¸-«p-Iq-Sm.
Cuiz-tcm-]m-k\ F¶n-h-bn \njvIÀjn-¡p¶ D]-\n-j-
\nc-´-c-amb _u²n-I-{]-bXv\w sIm­v ]mc-¼-cy-¯nsâ
¯p-If - nse DÂIr-jvS-amb aX-[À½w aäp aX-§-fn-ep-Å-
apJymÀ°s¯ AYhm AXn-e-S-§nb kXys¯ \mw a\-
t]mse ]mc-¼c - y-§-fmb ]nSn-hm-Z§fptSbpw am{´n-I-am-
Ên-em-¡m³ {i-an-bv¡-Ww. c­m-as¯ Ah-Øb - n-emWv
bm-Pm- e- §- fp-tSbpw `mc-¯m Ip\n-ªn- «n-sö Imcyw \mw
bpàn-hn-N m-c-¯ nsâ Bh-i y-I X ]d-b-s ¸-« n-« p-f-f -X v.
HmÀ½n-bvt¡-­-Xp-­.v ]c-amÀ°-k¯ Ht¶ DÅp; AXv
BZys¯ Ah-Ø-bn tIh-e-samcp [mc-W-bmbn kzoI-
hnizw apgps¡ kzbw A`n-hy-à-am-¡p¶p F¶ D]-\n-
cn-¨Xv Ct¸mÄ XmÀ¡n-I-\nÀ®- b-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. kXys¯
j- ²À½- ¯nsâ apJy-X-Xzs¯ Hcp ]g- ©³im-Ty-hm- Z- sa¶p
Adn-bpI bYmÀ°-k-¯sb {]m]n-bv¡-e-söp XoÀ¨-
]d-ªp-IqSm. am\h _p²ns¡-¯m³ Ign-bp¶ Hcp ]c-
bm-Wv. DbÀ¶ Xc-¯n-epÅ aX-t_m-[¯ - n\v bYmÀ°-
a-k- Xy-am-W- X.v imkv{X-¯n- tâbpw ZÀi-\-¯n- tâbpw ]ptcm-
k¯ A\p-am-\-hn-j-b-am-bm t]mc, km£m¡-cn-bv¡-
KXn AXn-t\m-Sn-S-bp-I-b-Ã. AXns\ kaÀ°n-bv¡p-t¶-bp-
s¸-Sp-I-Xs¶ thWw. bYmÀ°-k-¯bpsS CuZr-i-amb
Åp. ]c-am-ßm-hn t{]ahpw BZ-c`- m-h-hp-amWv D]-\n-j-
A\p-`-h-¯n-\p, A\-´s¯-Êw-_-Ôn¨ C¯cw t_m[-
¯p-I-fnse aXw. C¯-c-¯n-epÅ [ym\-amWv B[ym-ßn-
¯n\v XÀ¡-co-Xn-bnÂ\n¶v kÀÆYm `n¶-amb Hcp hnNm-
I-`àn hnj-b-hn-j-bn-IÄ X½n-epÅ t`Z-`mhw [mÀ½n-
c-]-²Xn hfÀ¶p-h-tc-­X - p-­v. \nZn-[ym-k\w AsÃ-¦nÂ
Im-thiw \ndª lrZ-b-¯n sh¨p-cpIn ep]vX-ambn
[ym\-a-áX XmÀ¡n-Ih - n-Nm-cs¯ [mÀ½n-Im-\p-`q-Xn-bmbn
t]mIp-¶p-sh¶pw AXw-Ko-I-cn-bv¡p¶ kwkm-c¯ - nsâ
amäm³ klm-bn-bv¡p-¶p. Hcp ]s£ AXn-s\-¯-s¶-
sFIyhpw ]qÀ®-X-bp- amWv D]- \n-j-¯p- I-fnse aX-¯nsâ
bmWv ZÀi-\s - a¶p hnfn-¡p-¶-Xv. AXns\ kXy-¯nsâ
kÀtÆmÂIr-jvS-X-Xzw. aX-]-c-amb A`ym-k-¯nepw \njvT-
{Inbm-ß-I-amb km£m¡m-c-¯n-\pÅ asämcp t]cmbn
bnepw \mw {Ia-¯n tatem-«p-b-cp-t¶-S-t¯mfw D]m-
apt¼ AwKo-Ic - n-¨n-«p-Å-Xm-Wv. AXv ""tPymXnÀ¤-WnXw
kyhpw D]mkI\pw X½n XmZmßyw A\p-`-ht- Km-Nc - -
N P
 22
I am-Ip¶p; A§ns\ c­pw H¶p-Xs¶ Bbn-¯o-cp-¶p.
]n¶oSv ]c-¼c - m-KX
- a- mb kt¦-XmÀ°-¯n D]m-k-\X - -
s¶-bn-Ã. At¸mÄ ]c-{_Òw kakvX hniz-¯nepw hym]n-
bv¡p-¶Xpw a\p-jym-ßm-hns\ X¶n apgp-Inbv¡p¶-Xp-
amb Hc-ko-a-ssN-X\ - y-sa¶ \ne-bn A\p-`-th-Zy-am-bn-
¯o-cp-¶p. \½psS AXnÀh-c-¼p-I-sfÃmw XI-cp¶p; a\p-
jysâ A]qÀ®-Xbv¡v Imc-Wa - mb tZmj-§Ä Xmt\
\o§p-¶p. aX-¯nsâ e£yw aX-¯nsâ kÀÆm-Xn-im-
bnXzw Xs¶! BZÀi-aXw Xt¶m- sSm-¶n¨v Bcw- `n¨ ssZzX-
`m-hs¯ Iogvs¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. aX-kw-_Ô - n-bmb D]m-k\
`b-t¯mSp IqSn Bcw-`n-bv¡p-¶p. `àn, t{]aw, \nXy-{_-
Ò-t¯m-SpÅ kmbqPyw Ch-bpsS amÀ¤-¯n- eqsS apt¶m«p
IS¶v Cuiz-c\pw Bßmhpw At\ym\yw tNcp¶ kam-
[y-hØ- -bn-se¯n hnc-an-bv¡p-¶p. ]qÀ®m-hØ {]m]n-
¡p-¶-Xp-hsc aX-]-c-amb km[-\-IÄ Bh-iy-ambn AwKo-
I-cn-bv¡-s¸-«n-cn-bv¡p-¶p.
D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ H¶pw AwKo-I-cn¡p-¶n-söv km[m-
c-W-bmbn ]d-ªp-hc - m-dp-­v. ""t{]a-¯n hkn-¡p-¶-h³
Cuiz-c-\n hkn-¡¶ - p-þ-Cu-iz-c³ Ah-\n-epw.'' FÃm
bYmÀ° aXhpw Cuiz-cs\ A´-cym-an-bmbn Icp-Xp¶p;
Ahn-Sp¶p ]c-a-\n-Kp-V-\p-am-Wv.
tam£w
D]-\n-j-¯p-I-fpsS A`n-{]m-b-¯n Úm\-¯ nsâ
D¨m-h-Ø-bn Pohm-ßm- hnsâ Hcp hntÇ-jWw \S-¡p¶p;
kzmÀ°ab-amb GIm-InXzw Hgn-hm-¡e - m-WXv. F¶m-e-
sXm-cn-bv¡epw iq\y-Xtbm arXypthm AÃ. ""Hgp-Ip¶
\Zn-IÄ \ma-cq-]§ - -sfm-gn¨v kap-{Z-¯n sN¶v A{]-Xy-
£-am-Ip¶ t]mse Úm\n-IÄ \a-cq-]§fn \n¶p hnap-
à-cmbn ]cmÂ]-c-\mb Znhy-]p-cp-js\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p.'' D]-
\n-j-¯p-IÄ k¦p-Nn-X-\mb Pohm-ßm-hn\v ]c-a-k-¯-bp-
s­¶v Hcn-¡epw AwKo-I-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. X§Ä¡v Aa-cXzw
e`n-bv¡m-\mbn {]mÀ°n-¡p-¶h - À Pohm-ßm-hnsâ ]c-a-
k-¯sb kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p.km´-Po-hn-X-¯nse bYmÀX-Xzw,
Pohm-ßm-hnsâ {]Ir-Xn-bn kÀÆ-t{i-jvT-am-b-X,v A\-´-
am-W.v AXv `uXn-I-k-¯-bpsS AXn-cp-Isf ewLn¨v A¸p-
dhpw Dd-¨p-\n-¡p-¶p. al-Xz-¯nsâ Hcw-ihpw Ipd-bp-
¶n-Ã. Cl-tem-Is¯ a®n \ma-t\z-jn¨p \S¡p-¶Xpw
A]qÀ®-cq-]-¯n Is­-¯p-¶-Xp-amb [mÀ½n-Ia - q-ey-
§sf kÀtÆm-¨m-h-Ø-bn-se-¯p-t¼mÄ ]qÀ®-cq-]-¯nÂ
]c-amÀ°-kz-`m-h-¯n-Â ImWm³ Ign-bp-¶p. a\p-jy-sc¶
\ne-bn A]qÀ®-cq-]-¯nte \ap¡v BZÀi-§sf {]m]n-
¡m³ Ign-bp-¶pÅp; AXpw A´À±Ài\-apÅ ka-b¯v
Hcp an¶Ât]mse am{Xw. D¨m-hØ - -bn-em-Is« Ahsb
Ipä-aäv ]qÀ®-ambn tijn-s¸m-¶p-an-Ãm-¯-hn[w apgp-h-\m-
bn, hnI-Â]-\h - nlo\w ]cn-]qÀ®-ambn {]m]n-¡m³ Ign-
bp-¶p. \ap¡o temI-¯n In«p¶ B\µw Znhym-\-µ-
¯nsâ \ng-em«w am{X-am-sW-¶v, AXnsâ XpÑ-amb {]Xn-
cq-]- am- sW¶v ssX¯-co-tbm- ]-\n-j¯v Nq­n- ¡m- Wn¡p-¶p.
Pohn-X-k- ap-{Z-¯nse FÃm IjvS-¸m-Sp-Ifpw sRcp-¡-§fpw
kln-¨-Xn-\p-tijw \mw Ic¡-Wb - p-¶Xv ]«nWn InS¶p
NmtI-­ n-hcp¶ Hcp acp¸-c-¸n-e-s öp XoÀ¨-bm-Wv.
apàm-h-Ø sb Bßm-hnsâ k¼qÀ®-{]-Im-i -\-ambn
KWn-bv¡-Ww. ]c-{_-Òs¯ tIhew Hc-aqÀ¯-k-¯-bm-
N P
bn-¡-cp-Xp¶ ]£w Cuiz-c-\n-te-bv¡pb-cpI F¶-Xn\v K
iq\y-amb Hc-Km-[-X-bn-tebv¡p hogpI F¶À°-am-Ipw.
At¸mÄ a\p-jy³ F¯n-t¨-cpI kÀÆ-\m-i-¯n-em-bn-cn-
bv¡pw. Cu ]cn-Wm-as¯ kw_-Ôn¨v D]\n-j-¯p-IÄ¡v
XÀ¡-ap-­ v. D¨m-hØ {]km-Z hpw lÀtjm-·m-Z hpw
\ndª Hcp ØnXn-bmWv; krjvSn-bmb Poh³ krjvSn-
sb¶ \ne-hn«v {kjvSm-hn-t\mSp tNcp-¶, IrXy-ambn ]d-
ªm Xm³ {kjvSm-hn-t\mSv sFIyw {]m]n¨p Ign-ªp-
sh¶v A\p-` hw hcp¶ Hcm-\ -µ m-h -Ø-bm-Wn-Xv. Cu
]qÀ®-Xsb DNn-Xa - mbn hnh-cn¡m³ \s½s¡m­m-hn-Ã.
\mw AXn\v {]Xo-I-§-fp-]t- bm-Kn-bv¡p-¶p. imizX Pohn-
X-¯nsâ kzcq]w Hcm-\-µm-hØ - -bmWv; ]qÀ®-kz-X{- ´-
amb Hcp ØnXn-bmWv; Pohm-ßm-hnsâ kpJ-a -b-amb
hnkvX m-c-a mWv; AhnsS kzÀ¤hpw `qanbpw H¶n¨p
tNÀs¶m-gp-Ip-¶-Xmbn tXm¶pw.
Pohm-ßmhv ]c-am-ßm-hn-t\mSv GIm-Im-c-ambn tNcp¶p
F¶p ]d-bp¶ `mK-§Ä D]-\n-j-¯p-I-fn ]e-bn-S-¯p-
ap-­v, ""{]Whw hnÃpw, Bßmhv A¼pw, {_Òw AXnsâ
e£y-hp-am-Wv. A{]-a-¯-\m-b-h³ AYhm ØnX-{]-Ú³
As¼-¿-Ww. A¼v F¿p-¶h - ³ A¼p-t]mse Bbn-¯o-
cp-¶p. e£y-amb {_Ò-t¯mSv sFIyw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.''
Bßmhv {_Òw Xs¶ Bbn-¯o-cp-¶p. ChnsS Bßm-
hn\pw {_Ò-¯n\pw X½n ]qÀ®-amb XmZmßyw Dd-¸n-
¨p-]-d-ªn-cn-bv¡p-¶p. ho­pw ""Ahn-\m-in-bmb {_Ò-
¯n Ch-sbÃmw H¶m-bn-t¨-cp-¶p.'' ""Ah³ A£-c-\mb
]c-am-ßm-hn kayIv {]Im-c-¯n ØnNn-sN-¿p-¶p.''
""Ah³ kÀÆ-Ú\pw kÀÆm-ßm-hp-am-Ip-¶p.'' ""Ah³
FÃmänepw {]th-in-¡p¶p'' apà-\mb Bßmhv FÃm
hkvXp-¡-fnepw {]th-in-bv¡p¶p; FÃm hkvXp-¡fpw `mh-
cq-]¯- n XmZmßyw {]m]n-¡p- ¶p. ""Cu Bßm-hns\
{]m]n¨v Ejn-amÀ X§Ä t\Snb Úm\-¯m kwXr-
]vX-cm-Ip-¶p. X§-fpsS IÀ¯hyw \nÀÆ-ln-¨ -h-cmbn
FÃm Ima-§-fnÂ\n¶pw apà-cm-bn, ]qÀ®-i-at- ¯msS
kÀÆ- K-\mb Bßm-hns\ kÀÆ-`m-K-§-fn-eq- sSbpw {]m]n¨v
GIm-{K-Nn¯cmbn (bp-àm-ßm-¡-fm-bn) kÀÆ-cq-]-amb
{_Ò-¯n {]th-in-bv¡p¶p'' ka- kvX-hn- iz- t¯bpw kÀÆ-
{Km-ln-bmb GI-k-¯-bn Dd-¨p-\n-¡p-¶-Xmbn A\p-`-
hn-¡p-¶-hÀ¡v ZpxJ-t¢-im-Zn-I-fp-­m-Ip-¶n-Ã. ""thZm´
hnÚm-\¯ - m kwi-b-te-is - at\y tÚbmÀ°w Dd-
¨p [cn-¨-h-cmbn k\ym-k-tbm-K-¯m ip²-k-Xz-·m-cm-b-
hÀ {_Ò- tem-I-§sf {]m]n-¡p-¶p. ico- c-Xym-K-¯nsâ ka-
b-¯m-Is« ]c-a-amb Aa-c-`mhw {]m]n¨v kÀÆYm apà-
cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. apàmßmhn¶p Xm³ {]]©¯nsâ
{kjvSmhmsW¶p ]db¯¡ hn[w ]camßmhnt\mSv
{]KmVamb sFIyt_m[ap­mIp¶p. ""Rm³ A¶- am-Wv.
Rm³ A¶m-Z- \mWv (`-£n-¡p-¶-h³). Rm³ IÀ¯m-hmWv;
Rm³ IÀ½-am-Wv. Rm³ c­pw IqSn-b-Xm-Wv. (A-¶¯ - n-
tâbpw A¶m- Z-tâbpw kwLm-X-IÀ¯m-hm-Wv) Rm³ ap¼v
(k-Xym-k-Xy- cq-]-I-amb PK-¯ n\pap¼v) P\n-N-¨-h-\m- Wv.
Rm³ Cu {]]-© -¯ nsâ kwlm-c -I À¯m-h p-a m-W v.
kqcy\p Xpeyw \nXy-{]-Im-ia - p-Å-XmWv Fsâ tPymXn-
Êv. Rm³ Cu kwkm-c-¯n-tâbpw Aac·mcmb tZh-·m-
cp-tSbpw tI{µ-am-Wv.'' Cu kqà-§-fnÂ\n¶v a\-Ên-em-
 23

I Ip-¶Xv B Ah-Øb- n thdn« hyàn-t_m-[-¯nsâ [-ZrjvSym t\m¡p-t¼mÄ Pohm-ßmhv FÃm-¯cw t`Z-`m-h- K

{]k-àntb CsÃ-¶m-W.v AXp-sIm­v B D¨m-h-Ø-bn §-tfbpw hnti-j-XI - -tfbpw Hgn¨p AXp-an-Xp-an-Ãm¯
IÀ½-¯nsâ {]iv\hpw DÂ`-hn-¡p-¶n-à . CXv icocw A\nÀ®o-X-amb Hcp a[y-Ø-h-kvXp-hmbn \ne-sIm-Åp-
hnebw {]m]n¨v , a\Êv sI«-W-ªv, kÀÆhpw AXn-cn- ¶p. C¯cw Imcy-§f - n Dd¡w \Sn¨p Ign-bp¶ A{i-
Ãm¯ Ccp-«n-emgv¶p t]mtb-S-¯v, tNX-\m-iq-\y-amb Hc- ²-·mÀ bYmÀ°-¯n hfsc {Inbm-io-e-cm-Imw. XmXzn-I-
Xn-Po-hn¡-em-sW¶p tXm¶pw. \ap¡p thW-sa-¦n-e-Xns\ ]-£-¯n\v _ew sImSp-¯m apàm-ßmhv ]qÀ®-X{- ]m-
kz]v\§ - -fn-Ãm¯ Dd-¡-sa-t¶m, t_m[-iq-\y-amb im´n- ]n¨ Pohm-ßm-hm-W¶p \ap¡v a\-Ên-em¡m³ Ign-bpw.
sbt¶m ]d-bmw. bmÚ-hÂIy³ ssat{X-bn¡v CXv hnh- XnI¨pw ]c-am-ßm-hn-t\mSv Xpey-am-W-Xnsâ \ne. apàm-
cn¨p sImSp-¡p-I-bmWv: ""Hcp-¸p-I« shÅ-¯n-en-«m AXv ßmhv Xsâ FÃm B{K-l-§-tfbpw \nd-th-än-s¡m­v
Aen-ªp-tN-cp-¶p. AXp-]ns¶ Hcp-¡q-«n-sb-Sp-¡m³ Ign- temIm-´-c-§ -fn k©-cn-¡p-¶-Xmbn {]Jym-]n-¡p¶
bn-Ã. F¶m B shÅ-¯nÂ\n¶v GXp `mK-sa-Sp¯p kqà-nIÄ apàn {]m]n¨ Pohm-ßm-¡Ä¡v {Inbm-io-e-
t\m¡n-bmepw D¸p-]p-fn-bp-­m-bn-cnbv¡pw. bYmÀ°-¯n amb Pohn-Xa - p-s­¶v kqNn-¸n-¡p¶p. ""Cu temI-§-fnÂ
al-¯mb Cu Bßm-hnsâ ØnXnbpw CXp-X-s¶-bm-Wv. k©-cn-¨p-sIm-­,v CÑm-\p-kmcw `£Ww Ign-¨p-sIm-­v.
AXv A\-´-amWv; A]-cn-an-X-amWv; Úm\-¯nsâ ]qÀ®- CjvS-¯n-\\ - p-k-c¨v \m\m BIm-c§ - Ä kzoI-cn¨v kam-
X-bm-Wv. Cu Poh-k-Xz-§-fn-eqsS CXp {]Xy-£- ambn. Ah- K-m\w sNbvXp sIm­p hncm-Pn¡p-¶p.'' F¶mepw Xm³
tbm-sSm¸w A´À²m-\hpw sN¿p-¶p. arXyp-hn\p tijw ]c-am-ßm-hn-t\mSv sFIyw {]m]n-¨n-cn¡p¶p F¶ [mc-
tNX-\m-h-k-Y-bn-Ã.'' ssat{Xbn ]d-bp¶p: ""arXyp-hn\p W-bpap­v. Omtµm-tKym-]-\n-j-¯n-\-\p-k-cn¨p Aa-c-Xz-sa-
tijw tNX-\b - n-söp ]d-bp¶ A§-bpsS hm¡p-IÄ ¶m Xs¶-¯m³ tZh-{]-tZ-i-t¯bv¡v DbÀ¯n F¯n-
F\nbv¡p ]cn-{`-a-ap-f-hm-¡p-¶p.'' bmÚ-h-ÂIy³ D¯cw ¡-em-Wv. Cuiz-c-t\mSv kmlNcysa-¶mWv apWvU-tIm-]-
\ÂIp-¶p. ""]cn-{`-an-bvt¡-­-Xmb Imcy-sam¶pw Rm³ `h- \n-j¯p ]d-bp-¶-Xv. Cuiz-c-t\mSv ]c-ak - m-Zr-iy-sa¶pw
Xn-tbmSp ]d-ªn-ÃtÃm. CXp XnI¨pw a\-Ên-em-¡m-hp¶ ]d-ªn-cn¡p¶p. hyàn- ]-c-amb C¯cw IÀ½-§Ä km[y-
kwK-Xn-bm-Wv. Pohn-X-¯n ssZzX-`m-ha - p-­m-hp-t¼mÄ am-¡m³ th­n-bmWv Pohm-ßmhv Cuiz-c-Xp-ey-\m-Ip¶p
HcmÄ¡v asäm-cm-tfmSv kwkm-cn¡m³ Ign-bpw, HcmÄ¡v F¶p ]d-b-s¸-«n-«p-Å-Xv. ]c-tam-¶-X-amb Zi-bpsS kz`m-
asämcmtfmSv kwkmcn¡m³ Ignbpw. atä-bmÄ ]d-bp- h-s¯-¡p-dn¨v F{X-Xs¶ hyXy-kvXm-`n-{]m-b-§ -fp-s­-
¶Xp tIÄ¡m³ Ign-bpw. HcmÄ¡v atä-bm-sf-¸än hnNm- ¦nepw Hcp Imcyw XoÀ¨-bm-Wv. AsXmcp k{In-bm-hØ - -
cn-bv¡ m³ Ign-bpw. HcmÄ¡v CX-c-s\-¸ än A\p-am-\n- bmWv; ]qÀ® kzX-{´-X-bmWv; ]nc-]qÀ®mh-Ø-bp-amWv;
bv¡m\pw Ign-bpw. F¶m Hmtcm ]ZmÀ°hpw Abm- IrXy-am-bn-¸-dª - m- \ap-¡m-Zi - sb hÀ®n-s¨m¸n-bv¡m-
fpsS Bßm-hm-bn-¡-gn-ªmÂ]ns¶ F´p-sIm­v Bsc- \m-hn-Ã. C\n Fs´-¦n-ep-samcp hnh-cWw IqSntb Ignbq
¡m- W m³ Ignbpw? F ´p- s Im­ v BcpsS KÔw F¶p-s­-¦n AXns\ Znhy-Po-hn-X-¯nsâ Hc-h-Øm-t`-
{LmWn¡pw? F´p-sIm-­-ht- cmSp kwkm-cn¡pw? F´p Z-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶-Xmhpw \Ã-Xv. kqcy-c-ivan-IÄ kqcy-\nÂ
hgn-bmbn BÀ ]d-bp-¶ Xp tIÄ¡pw? F´p-sIm­v ebn-bv¡p¶ t]mse-bpw, Ae-IÄ kap-{Z-¯n-sem-Xp-§p-
hnNmcw sN¿pw? Adnbpw? Cu kwkvX-hn-iz-t¯bpw Adn- ¶-t]m-sebpw kzc-§Ä Km\-e-l-cn-bn CW-§p-¶t- ]m-
bp¶ F´p-]I - -cWw sIm­m-W-hs\ Adn-bpI? kÀÆ- se-bp-aà - msX AXn-ep-a[ - n-I-ambn Bß-k¯ hn\m-ia - S- -
hp-a-dn-bp¶ Ahs\ F´n-eq-sS-bm-W- dn-bpI?'' CXn \n¶v bp-¶n- Ã. Pohm-ßm- hnsâ kwKoXw kwkm- c-bm-{X- bn hnep-
Hcp Imcyw kv]jvS-am-Wv. \½psS _p²n¡v {Kln-¡m³ ]vX-\m-Ip-¶n-Ã,. AsXs¶¶pw H¶p-X-s¶-bm-W,v F¶mÂ
Ign-bm-¯h - n[w Hcp {]tXy-Ic - o-Xb - n IÀ½hpw {]Xy- H¶-Ã-Xm-\pw. apàm-ßmhv FÃm-än-t\mSpw GIm-Im-c-am-bn-
£-Úm-\hpw Nn´bpw t_m[hpw hn«p-sIm-­mWv Pohm- t¨-cp¶p; Cuiz-c-t\mSv sFIyw {]m]n¨v Pohn- ¡p-¶p. hn[m-
ßmhv apàn {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xv. Ch-sbÃmw tIhew ssZzXm- b-I -amb hnh-c Ww sshb-à n-I -amb t`Z-t _m[s¯
ß-I-amb ZÀi-\-¯nsâ e£-W§ - fmWtÃm, Cu IÀ½- \nÀt±in-¡p-¶X - mbn tXm¶pw. Cu sshb- -àn-I-amb t`Z-
§Ä hnj-bn-I-fpsS hntcm-[`- m-hs¯ B{i-bn-¨mWv \ne- `mhw GsXmcp hn[-¯n-epÅ Bß-`m-h\ - t- bbpw ASn-
s¡m-Åp-¶-Xv. Ahbv¡v kmt]-£-I-tem-I-¯nte kw`m- Øm- \-am-¡n- bp-Å-X-sÃ- ¦nepw AXv Cl-tem-I-¯n IÀ½m-
hy-Xb - p-Åp. ]c-a-tem-I-¯n-se-¯n-bm FÃm hn[w \m\m- \p-jvTm\w sN¿p-¶-Xn Pohm-ßm-hns\ klm-bn¡p-¶p.
Xzhpw ssZzX-`m-hhpw AkvXa - n-bv¡p-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Pohm-ßm-hnsâ A¯-c-¯n-epÅ Poh-·p-IX ]c-a-k-¯-
AtXm-sSm¸w Ah aqe-ap-­m-Ip¶ {]Xy-£-Úm-\hpw tbmSv sFIyw {]m-]n-¨p-­m-Ip¶ B\-µ-a-\p-`-hn-¡m³
IÀ½-§fpw CÃm-Xm-Ip-¶p. B Ah-Øb - n \nXy\pw AXym-h-iy-am-Wv. Bßm-`n-hy-àn-bpsS Dt±iyw \nd-th-
amä-an-Ã m-¯ -h -\p-a mb Bßmhp am{X-am-W p-­ m-hp-I . äm³ th­ Hcp hyànXzw tI{µs¯ ssIh-i-s¸-Sp-¯n-
AXnsâ ]qÀ®X-bn FÃm KXnIfpw \ne-bv¡p¶p; sh-¨n-«p-s­-¦nepw Bßm-hn\v Xsâ Kuc-hhpw Aa-cm-h-
FÃm \nd-§fpw a§p-¶p. FÃm i_vZ§fpw im´-am-Ip- Ø-bpsS al-X zhpw \Ã-h -® -a-d n-bm-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
¶p. apàn-bpsS \ntj-[m-ß-I-hi - §- -fm-Wnh; koan-X_- p- {_mÒ-WvU-\m-S-I-¯n Cuiz-c³ {]hÀ¯n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-
²nbv¡v {Kln-¡m³ Ign-bp-¶-hbpw Ch-sbm-s¡-¯-s¶- bv¡p-¶p-sh-¶pw, Znhy-tNX\ AXn Xsâ `mKw A`n-\-
bm-Wv. hn[m-b-I-amb Hcp hihpw IqSn CXn-\p-­v. \½psS bn- ¡p-¶p- s­¶pw Pohm-ßmhv Adn- bp-¶p- ­v. apàmßmhpw
iàn ]cn-an-Xa - m-Wv. AXp sIm­v ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ ]qÀ®- B \mS-I¯ - n A`n-\-bn-¡p-¶p­v; kXys¯ ]qÀ®-
Xsb hnh-cn-bv¡m-\m-hn-Ã. F¶m-enXp sIm­p-am{Xw AXv ambpw ssIhiw sh¨p-sIm-­p-Xs¶! Abm-fpsS Dt±-iy-
\ntj-[m-ß-I-amb iq\y-X-bm-bn-s¡m-Å-W-sa-¶n-Ã. \ntj- §Ä¡p hg-§m-¯Xmbn H¶pw Xs¶-bn-Ã. ""Ah³
N P

I Imäns\ Xsâ ktµ-ihmlI·m-cm-¡p-¶p. Pzen¡p¶
Aán-Isf a{´n-am-cm-¡p-¶p.'' hyXykvX-hn-h-c-W-§sf
XXz-Úm-\-§-fn-eqsS CW-¡n-t¨À¡m³ ho­pw Ipsd-
¡mew IqSn Im¯n-cn-bvt¡-­n-h-¶p. Cu Pohn-X-¯nÂsh-
¨p-Xs¶ Al¦m-cs¯ \o¡n-¡-f-bpI kw`m-hy-am-Wv.
A§ns\ Cu Pohn-X¯ - n ]qÀ®X t\Sp-¶-hs\ Poh-
·p-à-s\¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Aar-XX - z-¯n-epÅ B\µw Poh-
·pàsâ kzÑ-µ-K-Xn-bn¯s¶ {]I-S-am-Ip-¶p.
FÃm `mc-Xo-b-X-Xz-Nn-´-I-·mcpw tam£w P\-\a - c
- -W-
§-fn \n¶p apàn-bm-sW¶ Imcy-¯n tbmPn-bv¡p-
¶p-­v. Cuiz-c-t\mSv kmbq-Py-sa-¶Xv \nXy-\m-IpI F¶-
Xnsâ asämcp t]cm-Wv. "\nXyX'sb ImW-s¸-Sp¶ Cu
`uXn-I-{]]-©-¯nsâ kt¦-X-¯n-te¡v XÀÖa sNbvXm-
eXv P·-ar-Xyp-c-ln-X-amb Ah-Ø-Xs - ¶-bm-Wv.
]m]hpw ZpxJm-\p-`hpw
AssZz-X-]-²-Xn-I-fn-ep-S-\ofw hgn-sX-än-bv¡p¶ Hcp XS-
Ê-amWv ]m]-¯nsâ {]iv\w. thZ-a-{´-§-fn sshZn-I-
hn-[n-bv¡-\p- Iq-e-ambn {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶Xp ]pWy-ambpw hnh-
]co- -Xa- mbn {]hÀ¯n¡p-¶Xp ]m]-ambpw ]d-ªn-cn-bv¡p-
¶p. D]-\n-j-¯p-I-fpsS A`n-{]m-b-¯n \nXy-Po-hn-Xs
¸-än-b pÅ Úm\w ]pWyhpw AÚm-\w-]m-]h - p-am-Wv.
Cu anYym-ZÀi-\s¯ {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p¶ BN-c-Whpw A-Xn-
s\-¯p-SÀ¶p Bßm-hnsâ Hä-s¸-Sepw ]m]m-Nm-c-am-Wv.
D]-\n-j-¯p-I-fpsS A`n-{]m-b-¯n {]]-©-¯nse \nJn-
e-]-ZmÀ°-§- tfbpw Cuiz-c-{]m-]X v n-¡pÅ D]-I-c-a-§-fmbn
ImtW-­-Xp-­v. \ma-hsb \nb-Xc - q-]-§fpwthÀs]-«-h-bp-
ambn Icp-Xp-Ibpw \mw kzbw thdn« LS-I§ - -fm-sW¶p
[cn-¡p-I-bp-am-sW-¦n [mÀ½n-Ia - mbn ]m]w sN¿p-¶p.
Al-¦mcw aqew ]qÀ®-{_-Ò¯ - nsâ ]c-am-[n-Im-cs¯
\ntj-[n¡-epw kzbw kÀÆmw-K-]qÀ®hpw kzbw-]-cym-]X
hp-am-sW¶p {]Jym-]n-¡-ep-am-Wn-hn-sS-bpÅ sXäv. ]qÀ®-
{_-Ò-¯nsâ ]c-tam-¶-Xm-h-Øsb BN-c-W-¯nsâ Al-
¦mcw sIm­v \n-cm-I-cn-¡p¶p F¶-XmWv ChnsS ]m]-am-
bn-¯o-cp-¶X - v. kzmÀ°-a-b-amb Al-¦m-cs¯ P\n-¸n-
bv¡p¶ AI-¡-g-¼n-Ãm¯ A´ÀZrjvSn Xsâ k¦p-Nn-X-
`m-hs¯ sI«n-¸n-Sn¨p \n¡p¶p; FÃm-hn[w XymK-§-
fn \n¶pw ]n³h-en-bp-¶p. AXnsâ k´m-\-amWv ]m]w.
D]-\n-j¯ - p-IÄ - ]m]w amb-bm-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶nÃ; B
]m]w imiz-Xa - m-sW¶pw kqNn-¸n-bv¡p-¶n-Ã. Cu c­-h-
kvXI - -fnepw AXn\v Iosgm-Xp§n hg§pI a\-jysâ
IÀ¯-hy-am-bn-cn¡pw. ]pWy-ambn ]cn-hÀ¯\w sN¿m³
_m[y-X-s¸- «-XmWv F¶ AÀ°- ¯n ]m]w Ab-YmÀ°-
am-Wv. AXnsâ cq]w amäm³ {]bXv\w Bh-iy-am-sW-
t¶mÀ¡p-t¼mÄ A{X-t¯mfw AXp bYmÀ°-hp-am-W.v
Bß tNX-\b - psS Øm\¯v ]c-amÀ°-tN-X-\sb
IpSn-bn-cp-¯p-¶Xv ]pWy-am-sW-¶n-cns¡ Xsâ Bßmhv
Cuiz-c-t\-¡mÄ D¶X\msW¶p hcp-¯p-¶Xv ]m]-am-W.v
D]-\n-j-¯p-I-fpsS A`n-{]m-b-¯n kZm-Nmcw hkvXp-¡-
fpsS bYmÀ° kz`m-hs¯ {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\-
¯n-Â ]pWyw am{Xta hnP-bn¡p-Ib - p-Åp. ""kXyw Pbn-
¡p¶p; AkXyw Pbn¡p-¶nÃ.'' ]m]w Hcp \ntj-[m-ß-
I-amb hkvXp-hmWv; X\n-¡p-Xm³ FXn-cmWv; arXyp-XX
N P
24
am-Wv. ]pWy-am-Is« \nÝ-bm-ß-Ihpw bYmÀ°-hp-amWv; K
Pohn-X-X-Xz-hp-am-Wv. ]m]-¯n\v FÃm-ht- cbpw kwXr-]vX-
cm-¡m³ Ign-bn-Ã.
Bßo-b-Po- hn-X-¯n¶p a\p-jym-h-Ø-I-fn Ign-tb- ­n-
h-cp-t¶-S-t¯mfw Imew ZpxJs¯ XpS-¨p-\o-¡n-¡-f-bm-\m-
hn-Ã. Xsâ k¼qÀ®-k-¯bpw Cuiz-cmÀ¸-Wa - m-bn-¯o-
cp-¶-Xp-hsc ZpxJm\p`-h§ - f - psS {Ia-¯n \S-¡p¶ D¶-
Xn-{]-{Inb Ah-km-\n-¸n-¡m³ Ign-bn-Ã. D]-\n-j¯p ]d-
bp¶p: ""a\p-jy³ bYmÀ°-¯n bÚ-am-Ip¶p'' \mw
Cuiz-cm-`n-ap-J-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶X - p-hsc PohnXw \nc-´-c-amb
arXyp-hm-Wv. a\p-jym-ßmhv \nXy-k-¯sb {]m]n-bv¡m-
\mbn t¢in¨p X«n-¸n- S-bv¡p¶ Hcp ]oUm-Øm- \-amWv Pohn-
Xw. adItfmtcmt¶mtcm¶mbn \ot¡­Xp­v. Cuizcob
PohnXw ssIh-cp-¶-Xn\p ap¼mbn Pohn-X-¯n-epÅ {`m´n
kaqew \in¡-Ww.
IÀ½w
EtKz-Z-¯nse "EX'¯n {Ia-k-am-[m-\§ - fpw kÂ`-
c- Whpw {]I-S-am- bn-¡m-Wmw. IÀ½-kn-²m- ´-¯n-¶-\p-k-cn¨p
t\m¡n-bm [mÀ½n-IP - K
- ¯
- n A\n-Ýn-Xtam AØn-
ctam Bb bmsXmcp hkvXphpw ImWp-I-bn-Ã. \mw hnX-
- ¯-
bv¡p-¶Xv \mw sIm¿p-¶p. ]pWy-¯nsâ ]pWy¯nsâ
hn¯pIrjnsNbvXm ]pWy ^ew sIm¿mw, ]mh¯nsâ
hn¯n \n¶p ]m]hpw. Gähpw sNdnb IÀ½w t]mepw
a\p-j y-k z-`m-h -¯ n kzm[o\w sNep-¯p-¶p. IÀ½-
§Ä¡mbn Xsâ DÅn-en-c-p¶v t{]cW \ÂIn-s¡m-­n-cn-
¡p¶ Nne hmk-\-Is - fÃmw Xm³X-s¶ hnNmcw sNbvXv
t_m[-]qÀÆw Xnc-sª-Sp¯ ]qÀÆ-IÀ½-§-fpsS ]cn-Wm-
a-am-s W¶p a\p-j y-\ -dn-h p-­ v. Adn-ª p-s Im­v \mw
sN¿p¶ IÀ½-§Ä Ipsd Ign-ªm AÚmX ioe-
§-f m-bn-¯o-cp-¶ p. kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw C¶p \ap-¡pÅ
v -
AÚm-X-hm-k-\I - Ä ap³]v t_m[-]q-ÀÆw sNbvXp-h¶
kz´w IÀ½-§-fp-sS-Xs¶ ]cn-Wm-aa - m-sW¶v Icp-Xs
- ¸-
Sp-¶p. kap-{Z-¯nse Ae-b-Sn-I-tfbpw \£-{X-§-fpsS KXn-
I-tfbpw \ap¡p XSp-¡p-hm³ Ign-bm-¯-t]m-se-¯-s¶-
[mÀ½n- I-hn-Im- k-¯nsâ {]{In-b-tbbpw XS- bm³ \mw Ak-
aÀ°-cm-W v. IÀ½-\n-b-a-§ sf AXn-ew-Ln-b v¡m³ \S-
¯p¶ {iaw HcmÄ Xsâ \ng-ens\ Hgn-hm-¡n-t¸m-Im³
{ian-bv¡ p-¶ -t]m-s e-¯ s¶ \njv^ -e-am-Wv. Ime-s ¯-
s¡m­p am¨p-I-f-bmt\m ac-W-s¯-s¡m­p Npc-­n-¡-f-
bm-t\m, Ign-bm¯ IÀ½-§-fpsS Hcp {]am-W-tcJ a\pjy
Pohn-X- ¯n-ep-s­- ¶Xv Hcp a\x-im-kv{X-kn- ²m-´-am-Wv. tZh-
b-Ú-§-f-\p-jvTn-¨m ]m]-tam-N-\-ap-­m-Ip-sa¶ ]gb
sshZn-I-kn-²m-´-¯n\v {]tXyI {]m[m\yw sImSp-¯p-Im-
Wp-¶p-­v. ]m]w sN¿p-¶-h³ arXypsh {]m]n-bv¡p-sa¶v
Hcp tLmc-in-£m-hn-[nbpw hnfw-_cw sN¿-s¸-«n-cn-bv¡p-
¶p. Hcp a\p-jy³ ]pWy-hm-\m-IpI bPvR-§-fn-eq-sS-bÃ;
kÂ{]-hr-¯n-If - n-eq-sS-bmWv: ""Hcp a\p-jy³ kÂ{]-hr-
¯n-IÄsIm­v \Ãh\pw No¯ hr¯n-IÄ sIm­v No¯-
h\pw Bbn- ¯o-cp-¶p.'' ho­pw ""a\p- jy³ CÑm-i- àn-bpÅ
Pohn-bm-Wv. Cu temI-¯n Ah³ hnNm-cn-¡p-¶t- ]m-
se-¯s¶ ]c- tem- I¯pw Bbn-¯o-cpw.'' AXp sIm­mWv
\t½mSv \Ã-Xns\ CÑn-bv¡m\pw \Ã-Xp-Xs¶ sN¿m\pw
- z- hn[n-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. ""Ah³ Xsâ a\-Êp-sIm­v GXp-tem-I-
 25
I §sf {]m]n-¡m³ sImXn-¨mepw GXp hkvXp In«m-\m-{K-
ln-¨mepw B temI-§fpw B hkvXp-¡fpw ]cn-ip-²-lr-
Z-b-\mb Ah\p e`y-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. AXp-sIm­p {]I-S-
i-àn-bmb `qXnsb B{K-ln-¡p-¶-hÀ Bßm-hns\ icn-
bm-b-dn-bp¶ (B-ß-{]-Ú-bm-b) D]-ks¯ D]m-kn-bv¡-
Ww.'' IÀ½-¯nsâ {]Xn-^-e-am-bn-«mWv A\m-Znbpw A\-
´-hp-am-bn-«pÅ k¯ P\-\-a-cW- §- -fpÅ kwkm-c-am-bn-
¯o-cp-¶-Xv. IÀ½-kn-²m´w a\p-jyÀ tZh-·mÀ arK-§Ä,
hr£-e-Xm-Z-nIÄ Ch-sb-sbÃmw Xsâ heb-¯n ]nSn¨p
Iq«p- ¶p.
bYmÀ°-¯n D]-\n-j-¯p-¡-fpsS A`n-{]m-b-¯nÂ
kap-Zm-b-tk-h\w sImt­ IÀ½-¯n \n¶p apàn e`n-
¡p-I-bp-Åp. kzmÀ°-IÀ½-§Ä sNbvXp-sIm-­n-cn¡p-t¶-
S-t¯mfw Imew \mw IÀ½-_Ô - ¯- nsâ \nb-a-¯n\p
A[o-\c - m-bn-cn-¡pw. \mw Bk-àn-cl - n-Xc - mbn IÀ½m-\p-
jvTm\w sN¿p-¶-]£w apàn {]m]n-¡p-¶p. ""\obn-§s\
Pohnbvs¡ IÀ½w \ns¶ IpSp-¡m³ bmsXmcp Imc-W-
hp-an-Ã.'' \mw P·-ar-Xyp-¡f - psS N§-eb - n _²-cm-Im³
ImcWw IÀ½-§Ä sN¿p¶p F¶-Xà kzmÀ°-]qÀ®-
amb IÀ½-§-fm-Wv. hyàn-IÄ X§Ä sN¿p-¶X - nsâ
D¯-c-hm-Zn¯w kzbw Gsä-Sp-¡msX B `mcw hn[n-bpsS
Xebvt¡m \£-{X-§-fp-tStbm asä-´n-tâ-sb-¦n-eptam
tase-Nmcn Hgn-ªp- amdns¡m­n- cp¶ Ime- L-«-¯n IÀ½-
kn-²m´w C§s\ \njvIÀjn-¨p. ""Hcp ]£n kzbw IqSp-
­m¡n AXn _Ô-\Ø - -\m-Ip¶ t]mse a\p-jy³
kzbw _²\m-Ip-¶p.'' \½psS apI-fn a§n-¡m-Wp¶
hkvXp Ccp­ ZpÀÆn-[n-b-Ã. \mw Xs¶ ap¼p sNbvXp-
sh¨ IÀ½-§-fm-Wv, \mw kwkm-c-N-{I-¯n\v Cc-b-Ã.
ZpxJm-\p-`hw ]m]-¯n\p In«p¶ thX\amWv. C¯-c-sam-
cm-ibw kZm-Nm-c-\n-jvTm-\-¯n\p iàn-bmb t{]c-W-bm-
sW¶ Imcy-¯n kwi-b-an-Ã. a\p-jysâ IÀ½-§Ä¡v
AXn-cn-Sp¶ Nne \n_-Ô-\-I-fp-s­t¶ CXn-¶À°-ap-Åp.
\maà \s½ krjvSn-¨Xv,. ZpÊm-[-amb Fs´-¦nepw Imcyw
t\cn-Sp-t¼m-gmWv \mam-{K-lnv¡p¶ hn[w apgp-h³ \ap¡p
sN¿m-\m-hnà F¶p \mw a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶Xv.v icnbv¡p a\-
Ên-em-¡nb IÀ½-kn-²m´w kZm-Nmc {]b-Xv\s¯ \ncp-
Õm-l-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶n-Ã. a\-Ên\v hne§p hbv¡p-¶n-Ã. CÑm-
i-ànsb N§-ebv¡n-Sp-¶nÃ. FÃm Icy-§fpw ]qÀÆm-h-
Ø- I- fpsS A\n-hm- cy- amb ]cn- Wm-a-am-sW¶p am{Xta AXp
]d-bp-¶p-Åp. Imcy-ambn ]cn-W-an¡p¶ Hcp kz`m-h-ap­v
Imc-W-¯n-\v. {]Ir-Xn-tb-¡mÄ DbÀ¶ \ne-bn-epÅ Pohm-
ßmhv AXnsâ kzmX{´yw {]tbm-Kn-bv¡p-¶n-sÃ-¦n `qX-
Im-es¯ BN-c-Whpw hÀ¯-am-\-Im-e]cn-Øn-Xnbpw a\p-
jy-sâ IÀ½-§Ä¡v XnI¨pw hni-Zo-I-cW - a - m-bn-¯o-cpw.
a\p-jy³ {]Ir-Xn-bpsS shdp-samcp DÂ]-¶-a-Ã. Ah³
Xsâ IÀ½-t¯-¡mÄ _e-hm-\m-Wv. hn[n-bmWv kÀÆ-hp-
sa-¦n ]ns¶ kzX{´yw kw`m-hy-aà - . a\p-jy-Po-hnXw
tIhew bm{´n-I-_Ô - §- -fpsS {]hÀ¯-\a - Ã
- . AXnÂ
thsd thsdbmbn ]e \ne-If - p-ap­v þ ss\kÀ¤n-I-Z-i,
{]mWm-[m-c-\n-e, Pm{K-Z-hØ - , _u²n-I-Z-i, [mÀ½n-I-\ne
C§s\ Cu Hgp-¡p-IÄ At\y\yw At§m-«p-an-t§m«pw
apdn-¨p-I-S-¡ p-Ibpw DÅn-tebv¡ p Xf-ªn-d -§p-I bpw
sN¿p¶p. a\p-jysâ \nav\-{]-Ir-Xnsb `cn-bv¡p¶ IÀ½
N P
kn²m-´-¯n\v Ah-\n-epÅ [mÀ½n-I-hi K
- hp-ambn bmsXm-
cn-S-]m-Sp-an-Ã. Pohm-ßm-hnsâ kmc-XXzw kzmX-{´y-am-Wv.
AXns\ D]-tbm-Kn¨v a\p-jy\v Xsâ {]mIr-Xn-I-§-fmb
at\m-th-K-§sf \ntcm-[n¨p \nb-{´n-bv¡m³ Ign-bpw.
AXp-sIm-­p-X-s¶-bmWv Ahsâ PohnXw ss\ÊÀKn-
Iambn \nÀ®-bn-bv¡-s¸« Ah-ØI - -fpsS ]c-¼c - -bnÂ
\n¶v IqSp- X  t{ijvT - a mbn \n¡p- ¶ - X v . apàn-
bv¡mbns¡m­pÅ Ah-sâ FÃm {]hÀ¯- \-§fpw \nXy-
kz-`m-hs¯ B[m-c-am-¡n-s¡m-­m-I-cpXv; ]cn-Øn-Xn-I-
fpsS BLmXw sIm­p-am-b n-¡ q-S. A´-cm-ßm-hnsâ
kzmX{´y t{]cW sIm­p-Xs¶ Bbn-cn-bv¡-Ww.
IÀ½-¯n\p c­p hi-§-fp­v; H¶p hniz-hym-]n- bmWv;
atäXp a\x-imkv-{X-]chpw. Hmtcm IÀ½hpw AXnsâ
kzm`m-hn-I-amb ]cn-Wmaw kwkm-c-¯n-tebv¡p \evI-¶p-
­v. AtX kabw AXv a\pjy a\-Ên Hc-kv]j - vS-[m-
cW ]Xn-¸n-bv¡p¶p; Hcp khn-ti-j-{]-hW - X- b
- p-f-hm-¡p-
¶p. Cu {]h-WX AYhm kwkvImcw AsÃ-¦n hmk-
\-b mWv \s½ Hcn- ¡ Â sNbvX {]hr¯n ho­pw
BhÀ¯n-bv¡m³ t{]cn-¸n-bv¡p-¶-Xv. A§ns\ t\m¡n-
bm Cu kwkm-c-¯n Hmtcm {]hr-¯n-bv¡pw AXn-
tâ-Xmb ^e-ap­v; AXv a\-Ên {]`m-hhpw sNep-¯p-
¶p. BZyw {]kvXm-hn¨ Xc-¯n-epÅ IÀ½-^e - -§sf
kw_-Ôn-t¨-S-t¯mfw \msa-{X-Xs¶ {ian-¨mepw \ap-¡-
h-bnÂ\n¶p c£-s¸-«p-\n-ev¡m³ Ign-bn-Ã. F¶m am\-
kn-I-{]-hW
- X- I
- sf thW-sa-¦n \ap¡p \nb-{´n-¡m³
Ign-bpw. \½psS `mhn-bn-epÅ BN-c-Ws¯ kw_-Ôn-
t¨-St- ¯mfw FÃm¯cw kw`m-hy-XI - -fp-ap-­v. Bß-kw-
baw sIm­v \ap¡p ]qWy-amb at\m-hr-¯n-Isf iàn-
s¸-Sp-¯m³ Ignbpw; ZpÀÆn-Im-c-§sf XfÀ¯m\pw Ign-
bpw.
IÀ½-]-²Xn BkvXn-Iy-kn-²m´-t¯mSv s]mcp-¯-s¸-
Sp-¶n-söp ]e-t¸mgpw ]ecpw hmZn-bv¡m-dp-­v. AJn-e-
{]-]©- -¯nepw A[n-Imcw \S-¯p¶ AÔhpw At_m-
[-hp-amb Hcp XXz-amWv IÀ½w. AXv Cuiz-csâ \nb-
{´-W¯ - n-\p-t]mepw hnt[-b-a-Ã. ss\kÀ¤n-I-amb Hcp
\nbaw \S-¸m-¡m³ \ap-s¡mcp \ymbm-[n-]\ - m-h-iy-an-Ã.
]c-am-ßm-hnsâ bYmÀ°-X-tbmSp s]mcp-¯-s¸Sm¯-XÃ
IÀ½-XX - zw. IÀ½-s¯-¸-än-bpÅ [mÀ½n-I-kn-²m´w ]c-
{_-Ò-¯nsâ kzcq-]s¯ {]I-S-am-¡- em-Wv. Cu {]{In- bsb
\nb-{´n-bv¡p-¶Xv Hcp Znhy-ià - n-bm-sW¶p kÂKp-W-
kn-²m-´s¯ A\p-k-cn¨v \ap¡p ]d-bm³ Ign-bpw. thZ-
§-fn Cu \nb-a-kw-ln-Xsb EX-sa¶p ]d-bpw. hcp-W-
\mWv EX-¯nsâ A[n-]-Xn. tZh-·m-cpsS amä-an-Ãm¯
Imcy-§sf IÀ½w FSp¯p ]d-bp-¶p. CXv bYmÀ°-k-
¯-bpsS kzcq-]¯ - nsâ GXn-tâbpw kzÑm-]c - -amb CS-
s]-S Akm-²y-am-¡n-¯oÀ¡p¶p. imkv{Xob \nb-a-§-
fp-tSbpw {]hr-¯n-I-f-p-tSbpw B[p-\n-I-kn-²m-´hpw CtX
\nÀ®-b-¯n-em-sW-¯p-¶-X.v Ah kzѵhpw AØn-c-hp-
amb ssII-S¯ - -en-t\mSp hntbm-Pn-bv¡p-¶p. Cuiz-c-k-
¯sb sXfn-bn¡m³ AÛp-X-Ir-Xy-§Ä Bh-iy-am-sW-
¦n imkv{X-§Ä Cuiz-cs\ Fs¶-t¶-bv¡p-ambn \in-
¸n-¨p-I-gn-ªn-cn-¡pw.
Pohn-X-¯nepw BNm-c¯
- nepw IÀ½-kn-²m-´ -s¯-
 26
I t¸mse al-Xz-ta-dnb asämcp hnizm-k-{]-am-Wa- n-Ã. Pohn-
X-¯n \ap-s ¡´p kw`-h n-¨ mepw AXn\v H-Xp§n
hg§n hW§n \n¡-Ww. ImcWw Ah \½psS `qX-
Im-es¯ IÀ½-¯nsâ ^e-am-Wv. C\nbpw `mhn \½psS
ssIbv¡p-Ån-emWv; \ap¡v Bi-tbmSpw hnizm-k-t¯mSpw
IqSn {]hÀ¯n-bv¡mw. IÀ½w `qX-Im-e-¯n\v Iosgm-Xp-
§m\pw `mhn-sb-¡p-dn-¨m-in-¡m\pw t{]cW \evIp-¶p.
AXv {]]-©-¯nse ]ZmÀ°-§-sfm¶pw AXnse hnP-b-
]-cm-Pb
- -§-sfm¶pw Bßm-hnsâ aln-asb kv]Àin-¡p-
¶nà F¶v a\p-jysc [cn-¸n-¡p¶p. kZm-Nmcw Xs¶-
bmWv \·. DbÀ¶ ]Z-hntbm sFiz-cytam AÃ; hÀ¤tam
-hw-itam AÃ. \Ã XÃmsX thsd \·-bnÃ.
`mhn PohnXw
]c-temI Pohn-Xs - ¯-¸än CtX-hsc kpkw-K-X-amb
Hcp Ønc kn²m-´hpw D­m-bn-¡-gn-ªn-«n-sÃ-¦nepw CXn-
s\-¸än thZ-Im-e-t¯bpw {_mÒW-Im-e-t¯bpw hnNm-c-
§Ä D]-\n-j¯ - p-If - n Ipsd-¡qSn hnI-kn-¨-Xm-bn-¡m-
Wmw. CXv ]p\ÀÖ· Nn´-bpsS cq]-¯n D]-\n-j¯ - p-
I-fn apJy-amb Øm\w ]nSn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu Bibw
BZy-a mbn iX]Y {_mÒW¯nemWv ImWp-¶ - X v.
AXn ac-W-¯n\p tijw ho­pw ho­pw P\n-bv¡p-I,
ho­pw ho­pw acn-bv¡pI F¶o c­-h-ØI - Ä {Inbm-
{]-Xn-{Io-bm-cq-]-¯n-epÅ Hcp k½n-{i-[m-c-Wb - mbn {]I-S-
am-Ip-¶p. bYmÀ°-Úm\w t\Sn [À½y-IÀ½-§-f-\p-jT v n-
¨p-sIm­v PohnXw \bn-¨-hÀ ac-W-tijw Aa-cXzw {]m]n-
bv ¡m-\mbn ho­pw P\n-bv¡p-¶p. AtX kabw B
Úm\w t\SmsX IÀ¯hyIÀ½-§ sf Ah-K-Wn-¨ p-
sIm­p Ime-bm-]\w sNbvX-hÀ ho­pw ho­pw P·-sa-
Sp¯p arXyp-hn-¶n-c-bmbn `hn-bv¡p-¶p. {_mÒWw ASp
¯ temI-¯nte P\-\-ac - -\W-§Ä \S-¡p-¶-Xmbn kzoI-
cn-bv¡p-¶p-Åp. D]-\n-j-¯p-I-fnemb-t¸mÄ B hnizmkw
Cu temI-¯mWv ]p\ÀÖ-·-sa¶ hnizmk {]am-W-ambn
amdn. c­-`n-{]m-b-§-fpw. cRvPn-¸n-se-¯n-bn-cn¡p¶p F¶p
\ap-¡p ]dbm-\m-hn-Ã. Nne-t¸mÄ c­pw Hcp-an-¨-Xmbn
ImWmw. k¡À½-§Ä¡pw ZpjvIÀ½-§Ä¡pw Cc-«-
^e§Ä A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶p-­v. Hcn-bv¡Â ]c-tem-I¯pw
AXnÂ]ns¶ ]\ÀÖ-·-sa-Sp¯v Cu temI¯pw. arX-i-
cocw Zln¨v `kvaa - m-bn-¡-gn-ªm Pohm-ßmhv DÖz-e-
amb tPymXnÀ½- b-cq-]- ¯n ]c-tem- I-bm{X XpSÀ¶-tijw
DSs\ aq¶p amÀ¤-ambn ]pXn-sbmcp Poh-\n-te¡p aS-§p-
¶p.
{_Ò-t¯mSv GIm-Im-c-am-bn-t¨-cp-I -bmWv Aa-cX - z-
¯nsâ Gähpw DbÀ¶ Ah-Ø. Cu A`n-{]mbw D]-\n-
j-¯p-I-fn kv]jvS-ambn {]Xn]mZn¨n«p­v. tZh·mÀ
]ctam¶X k¯Ifmbncp¶t¸mÄ AhtcmSp tNcp¶
Xnembncp¶p apàn, Ct¸mÄ {_Òw ]ZmÀ°§fpsS
BZnXXzhpw. {]]©-¯nsâ ]c-aa - mb B[m-c-hp-am-bn.
AXp-s Im­p {_Ò-t ¯m-SpÅ tNÀ¨-bmbn imizX
PohnXw ]c-tam-¶-X-amb tam£-¯n-se-s´-¦nepw \yq\X
h¶v \ap¡v ]X\w `hn-¡p¶ ]£w Ime-¯nsâ A[n-
Im-c-]-cn-[n-bn-te¡p Xmgm\pw Hc-hØ
- -bn \n¶v asäm-
¶n-te-¡mbn XpSsc HmSn-s¡m-­n-cn¡m\pw \mw \nÀº-²-
cm-Ipw. apàn {]m]nbv¡m¯ Bßmhv P\-\a - -c-W-\n-b-a-
N P
§Ä¡p hnt[-b-\mWv; CtX kwkm-c-¯n ho­pw K
ho­pw P·-sa-Sp¯v Xsâ hn[n \nÀÆ-ln-¡-Ww. bYmÀ°-
amb Aa-cXzw apàm-ßm-¡Ä¡p-Å-XmWv; _p²-·m-cpsS
PohnXw Imem-[o-\-hp-am-W.v ""shfp-¯Xpw Z´-lo-\-hp-amb
BÀ¯n-tbmsS hngp-§p¶ Øm\-t¯bv¡v Rms\m-cn-
bv¡epw t]mIm-Xn-cn-bv¡s«'' Fs¶mcp {]mÀ°\ \mw
tIÄ¡m-dp-­v. sNbvX IÀ½-¯nsâ kz`m-h-a-\p-k-cn¨v
AXn-s\m¯ Xc-¯n-emWv A\-´c - -P·w e`n¡p-I. Pohm-
ßmhv kzbw t{ijvT-Po-hn-X-¯n-te-bv¡p-bÀ¶v F¯p¶
Øm\-¯n\v kzÀ¤-sa¶pw AXp-t]mse Xs¶-¯m³
Xmtgm«v hogp-¶n-S-t¯¡v \c-I-sa¶pw ]d-bp-¶p. Cu
kwkm-c-P o-h nXw Bßm-hnsâ bYmÀ° Pohn-X -aÃ;
koanX ]ZmÀ°-§Ä \½-tfmSp ]än-¸n-Sn¨p \n¡p-t¶-
S-t¯mfw Imew \ap¡o kwkm-c-¯nsâ ASn-a¯w t]dn
\S-t¡-­n-hcpw. koan-X-t¯m-sSm«n \n¶p-sIm­v \ap-s¡m-
cn-bv¡epw ]qÀ®s¯ {]m]n-¡m³ Ign-bnÃ; \ma-Xn-s\-
{X-¯s¶ ASp-s¯-¯n-bn«pw Imcy-an-Ã. ]ptcm-KXn \nc-
´-c-amb hnIm-k-amWv; AsÃ-¦n kX-Xa - mb kmao-]y-
amWv. km´-X-Xz-§sf Xosc AI-än-bm Cuiz-c-t\m-
ssSIyw km[n-bv¡p¶p; ]n¶oSp kwkm-c-¯n-te¡v aS-
¡-an-Ã. Bßm-hnsâ A\p-im-k-\a - mWv kkmcw sIm­p-
t±- in-¨n-«p-Å-Xv.
Hcp XXz-im-kv{X-¯n\pw AXnsâ `qX-Im-e-N-cn-{X-s¯
XÅn-¡-f-bm-\m-hn-Ã. ]c-tem-I-Po-hn-Xs¯ kw_-Ôn-¨pÅ
D]-\ n-j -Õ n-² m-´ -¯ n\v ]c-t em-I -¯ n kÂ-¡ À½
§Ä¡v k½m-\hpw ZpjvIÀ½-§Ä¡v in£bpw hn[n-
bv¡p¶ {]mNo\ sshZnI kn²m-´-t¯mSpw tbmPn¨p
t]mtI-­-Xp-­m-bn-cp-¶p. a\p-jysâ bYm- Øn-Xn-I- kz-`mhw
]pXnb ]p\ÀÖ-· -h m-Z s¯ {]mNo-\-a mb ]c-temI
imkv{X-t ¯mSv tbmPn-¸ n¡m³ {ian-¨ p. AXn ba-
[À½sâ `c-W-¯n-epÅ arXm-ßm-¡-fpsS B\-µ-a-b-tem-
I-s¯-¸-änbpw ZpxJ-]qÀ®-amb AÔImc-t em-I-s¯-¸-
änbpw hÀ®n-¨n-«p-­m-bn-cp¶p. CXp Imc-W-ambn D]-\n-j-
Õn-²m-´- ¯n- s¶mcp hnj-aX t\cn-«p. Fs´- ¶m AXnÂ
ac-W-tijw aq¶p amÀ¤-§sf kzoI-cnt¡-­-Xp-­m-bn-cp-
¶p. ""\mw Cu AÀ°s¯ {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p¶ Hcp BÀj-
kq-àhpw tI«n-«p-­v. "Rm³ ]nXr-bm-\-amÀ¤w tZh-bm-\-
amÀ¤w F¶n-§s\ a\p-jyÀ¡v c­p amÀ¤-§Ä tI«n-«p-
­v. ]nXr-Øm-\¯p \n¡p¶ A´-co-£-¯n-tâbpw
amXr-Øm-\¯ - pÅ ]rYn-hn-bp-tSbpw a[y-¯n-epÅ FÃm
PwKa hkvXp-¡fpw KXn-sN-¿p-¶Xv Cu c­p amÀ¤-§-fn-
eq-sS- ¯- s¶-bmWv'' arXm- ßm-hn\v Xm³ `qan- bn sh¨v Pohn-
X-Im-e¯p sNbvX IÀ½-§-fpsS ^e-a\ - p-`-hn-bv¡m-\mbn
D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ c­p amÀ¤-§s - f-¸-än-bmWv ]d-ªn-«p-Å-
Xv. H¶ns\ tZh-bm\w AYhm AÀ¨n-½mÀ¤w F¶p ]d-
bp¶p; {]Im-ia - bamb amÀ¤w F¶À°w. c­m-a-t¯Xv
]nXr-bm\w AYhm [qa-amÀ¤-amWv; AXm-bXv AÔ-Imc
amÀ¤w. BZy-t¯Xv Aán, tPymXn-Êv, AlÊv apX-emb
hn`n¶ amÀ¤-§-fn-eqsS {_Ò-temIw AYhm kXy-tem-
I-t¯¡v \bn¡p-¶p. B temI-s¯-¯n-bm ]ns¶
aS-¡a - n-Ã. {_Òm-hns\ ]pWym-ßm-¡-sfÃmw sNs¶-¯p-
¶, Xsâ cmP-[m-\n-bn D¶-Xk - nw-lm-k-\¯ - n-en-cp-¶c
- p-
fp¶ hnj-bm-{in-X-k-¯-bmbn ImWp-t¶-S-t¯m-fta tZh-
 27
I bm-\-amÀ¤-¯n-¶À°-ap-Åp. F¶m Pohm-Xav mhpw {_Ò-
-hp-ambn XmZmßyw {]m]n-¨p-I-gn-ªm {_Òm-hnsâ
knwlm-k\w Cf-Ip-I-bm-bn. tZh-bm\w ]c-ak - -¯-bp-ambn
sFIyw {]m]n-bv¡m-\pÅ Hcp Nhn-«p-hgn am{X-ambn Ah-
ti-jn-bv¡p-¶p. ]nXr-bm-\-am-Is« [qaw cm{Xn apX-emb
hgn-I -f n-e qsS N-{µ- t em- I -¯ n-t e¡p aS-§ n- h -cp-¶ n- Ã .
F¶m ]nXr-bm-\-¯qsS t]mIp-¶-hÀ X§Ä sNbvX
]pWy-IÀ½-§-fpsS kpJ-^- e-§- f-\p- `-hn- ¨p-I- gn-ªm `qan-
bn-tebv¡p Xs¶ aS-§n-hc - p-¶p. hnh-cn¡p-t¼mÄ hfsc
hyXym-k-§Ä ImWpw. Iujo-X-In-{_m-ÒW¯n¶-\p-k-
cn¨v ac-W-tijw FÃmhcpw BZy-ambn t]mIp-¶Xv N{µ-
tem-I-¯n-te-bv¡m-Wv. hfsc Ip-d¨p t]tc AhnsS \n¶p
]nXr-bm-\-amÀ¤-ambn {_Ò-tem-I-¯n-te¡p t]mIp-¶p-Åp.
_m¡n-bp- Å-hÀ \m\m-cq-]-§-fmb X§-fpsS IÀ½-§-fpsS
ta·bpw Úm\-¯nsâ am{X-bp-a-\p-k-cn¨p a\p-jy³
sXm«p ]pgp hsc-bpÅ hnhn-[-cq-]-§-fmb {]mWn-Po-hn-X-
§-fn-tebv¡v aS§n hcp-¶p. tZh-bm-\hpw ]nXr-bm-\hpw
A\p-{I-a -ambn {]Im-i-tem-I-¯ n\pw AÔ-Im-c-tem-I-
¯n\pw AYhm AÚm-\-tem-I -¯ n\pw Xpey-am-W v.
AXmWv \s½ kwkm-c-¯n _Ôn¨p \nÀ¯p-¶X - v.
aq¶m-a-sXmcp amÀ¤-s¯-¸-änbpw ]d-bp-¶p-­v. AXv AÔ-
Im-cm-hr-Xhpw ZpxJ-a-b-hp-amb Hcp temI-¯n-tebv¡v \bn-
bv¡p-¶p. ""A¶hpw shÅhpw HSp-§nb Id-häv taenÂ
s]dm³ tijn-bp-an-Ãm¯ NS¨ ]ip-¡sf Zm\w sN¿p-¶-
h³ B\-µ- iq-\y- amb temIs¯ {]m]n¡p-¶p.'' ]pgp-¡fpw
{]mWn-Ifpw Cg- Pm-Xn-Ifpw Cg-bp- ¶Xpw P´p-¡Ä Pohn¨pw
N¯pw Ign-bp-¶-Xp-amb aq¶m-as¯ hgn-bm-Wn-Xv. {_Ò-
t¯mSv XmZmßyw km£m¡-cn¨p Ignª kzX-t{´m-
ßm-hn\v Xsâ apàn-¡mbn asä§pw t]mtI­n hcp-¶n-
Ã. Ah-s\-hn-s S-bm-bmepw {_Òm-\-µ-a\ - p-`-hn-bv ¡ p-¶p.
""Ahsâ {]mW-§Ä F§pw t]mIp-¶n-Ã. {_Ò-am-bn-
s¡m­v {_Ò-kz-cq-]-¯n¯s¶ ebn-¡p¶p.'' apàn
{]m]n-¨-hÀ acp amÀ¤-¯n-eq-sSbpw t]mIp-¶nÃ. apàn
{]m]n-bv¡m³ Ib- dn-t¸m- Ip- ¶- h-cmWv tZh-bm-\-¯qsS bm{X
sN¿p-¶X - v. {Ia-¯n-epÅ Btcm-lWw hÀ®n¡-s¸-«n-«p-
Å-Xp-sIm­v {Ia-ap-àn-bpsS amÀ¤-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
ac-W-t¯m-Sp-I qsS Bßmhpw \in-bv¡ p¶p F¶
`uXn-I-ho-£-Ws¯ D]-\n-j- ¨n-´-I-·mÀ A\p-Iq-en¡p-
¶n- Ã. AhÀ¡p PohnXw XpSÀ¶p-\n-¡p-sa¶ Dd¨ hnizm-
k-ap­v. ico-c-\m-i-¯nÂ\n¶pw AXo-Xa- mbn kpc-£n-X-
ambn \n¡p¶ Ft´m H¶p-s­¶pw A`n-{]m-b-ap-­v.
FhnsS t\m¡n-bmepw ]c-kv]c - -hn-cp-²§
- -fmb k¦-
ev]-§-fmWv ImWp-I. aX-Im-cy-¯n-em-sW-¦n sshZn-I-
amb _lp-tZ-hh - m-Zhpw bÚ-§fpw D]-\n-j-¯p-I-fnse
GtI-iz-c-hm-Zhpw Bßo-bPn-hn-Xhpw Du«n-bp-d¸ - n-¨-Xmbn
ImWmw. kap-Zm-b-X -e¯ - n PmXn-t`-Za - p­v; AXnsâ
ImTn\yw Ipd-bv¡m³ hniz-hym-]-I-amb DZm-c-`m-h-hp-ap-­v.
]c-tem-I -hn-j-b -¯n-em-sW-¦n \c-I- k-¦Â - ]-t¯mSp
IqSnb ]p\ÀÖ· kn²m-´-ap-­v. F¶m icnsb sXäv
AaÀ¯n-¡-fªp. {_mÒ-Wo-b-aXw AXnsâ FÃm Ahy-
h-Ø-I-tfmSpw ]c-kv]-c-hn-cp-²-§-fmb \nc-h[n k¦-Â]-
N P
§-tfmSpw IqSn D]-\n-j¯ - p-IÄ¡p tijhpw _p²-Im-e- K
¯n\p ap¼p-apÅ CS-¡m-e¯v ]c-a-tIm-Snsb {]m]n-¨n-cp-
¶p. [mÀ½n-I-ambn hcĨ _m[n¨ Ime-am-bn-cp¶p AXv;
A¶p kXyw I«-]n-Sn¨v ]mc-¼-cy-am-bn-¯o-À¶ncp-¶p. kZm-
Nmcw Ièv Zn\-k-cn-bm-bn-t¸m-bn-cp-¶p. PohnXw A\p-jvTm-
\-]c- -¼-cb- m-bn. am\-ht- N-X\ - sb hnln-Xh - y-h-Ø-I-tfmSpw
IÀ¯-hy-IÀ½-§ -fp-t Sbpw Ccp-¼p-I q-«n At§m-«p-an-
t§m«pw Npän-¯n-cn-ªp. A´-co£w {Inbm-I-em-]-§-fmÂ
izmk-wap«n GsX-¦n-ep-samcp a{´w sNmÃm-sXtbm NS-§-
\p-jvSn-¡m-sX-tbm, HcmÄ¡p-W-cmt\m InS-¡-hn«p Fgp-t¶-
ev¡m-t\m, Ifn-¡mt\m, £ucw sN¿m-t\m, apJw Igp-
Imt\m {]mXÂ Ign-bv¡mt\m \nhr-¯n-bn-Ãm¯ \ne
h¶p. £p{Zhpw \njv{]-tbm-P-\-hp-amb Hcp k{¼-Zm-b-¯nÂ
\nÊm-c§ - -fmb anYym-hn-izm-k-§Ä \nd-ªp-In-S-¶n-cp¶
Hcp Ime-L«- a - m-bn-cp¶p AXv. ipjvIhpw lrZ-b-lo-\-hp-
amb Hcp ZÀi-\] - ²
- -Xn-bp-­m-bn-cp¶p AXn\v; hc-­Xpw
]nSn-hm-Z-ap-Å-Xp-amb Hcp aX-¯nsâ kaÀ°-\hpw AXn\v
e`n-¨p. AXv Ir{Xn-a-Xzhpw AXn-it- bm-ànbpw \nd-ª-
Xm-bn-cp-¶p. Npcp¡w hnNm-c-io-e-·m-sct]mepw Xr]vXn-s¸-
Sp-¯m³ AXn\ Xosc Ign-ªn-cp-¶n-Ã, A[nIw hcp¶
_lp-P-\s¯ ZoÀL-Im-e-t¯¡p Xr-]vXn-s¸-Sp-¯m\pw
Ign-ªn-Ã. D]-\n-j¯ - p-If- nse GtIizc-hm-Zhpw thZ-
¯nse _lp-tZ-h-Xm-hm-Z-hpw, D]-\n-j-¯p-If - nse Bßo-
b-Po-hn-Xhpw sshZn-I-amb bÚ-{I-a-hpw, D]-\n-j-¯pI-
fnse tam£-þ-kw-km-c-§fpw thK-¯nse bÚ-{I-a-hpw,
D]-\n-j-¯nse hniz-hym- ]Xzhpw km[m-c-W-amb PmXn t`Z-
hpw, Xosc Aim-kv{Xo-b-amb Cu Zz-µ-§Ä¡[n-II - mew
H¶n¨p tbmPn¨p Ign-bm³ h¿-mXmbn. ]p\À\nÀ½mWw
Ime-L-«-¯nsâ AXym-hi - y-am-bn-¯o-À-¶p. a\p-jysâ
km[m-c-W-Po-hn-X-¯n-te¡v Cd-§n-h-cm³ Ign-bp¶ XXz-
K-l\ - hpw IqSp-X [mÀ½n-Ih - p-amb Hcp aXamWv B
Ime-L«w {]Xo-£n-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. _p²-a-X-¡mcpw ssP\cpw
NmÀhmI-·mÀ AYhm `uXn-Ih - m-Zn-Ifpw A¶p \S-¸n-en-
cp¶ aX-¯nsâ Ir{Xn-a-kz-`mhw Nq­n-¡m-Wn-¡pIbp­m-
bn. BZyw ]dª c­p Iq«À Bßm-hnsâ [mÀ½n-Im-h-
iy-§sf Du¶n-¸-d-ªp-sIm­p aX-¯nsâ ]p\À\nÀ½m-
W-¯n\p {]b-Xv\n-¨p. AhÀ D]-\n-j Úm-\-¯nsâ
kZm-Nm-c-]-c-amb kÀÆ-hym-]n-Xzs¯ \nÀÆ-ln-¡m³ {ian-
¡p-I-bp-­m-bn. F¶m AtX-k-abw X§Ä {_mÒ-W-
Pm-Xn-bpsS {]mam-Wy-¯n \n¶pw bÚ-]-²X - n-If - nÂ
\n¶pw \S-¸pÅ aX-¯n \n¶pw Xosc _Ô-aä - p-t]m-¶-
Xmbn AhÀ Icp-Xn. `K-hÂKo-Xbpw ]n¶o-Sp-­mb D]-
\n-j-¯p-Ifpw `qX-Im-es¯ Ah-ew-_n-bv¡m¯ Aim-
kv{Xo-b-XX - z-§sf IqSp-XÂ kwc-£-W-`m-ht- ¯msS ka-
\z-bn-¸n-bv¡p-hm³ ]cn-{iaw \S-¯n. D]-\n-j¯ - p-IÄ¡p-
tijw ]n¶o-SpÅ Ime-L«- ¯ - n \m«n \S-¸p-­m-bn-
cp¶ aX-¯n-s¶-Xn-cmbn AXy´w ITn-\-amb bmYm-Øn-
XnI {]Xn-tj-Z-§Ä cmPy-¯nsâ hnhn-[-`m-K-§-fnepw cq]w-
sIm­psh¶p hcmw; _p²-aX - hpw ssP\-a-Xhpw Ing-
¡³Zn-¡nepw `K-hÂKoX {]mNo-\-ssh-Zn-I-a-X-¯nsâ tIm«-
bm-bn-cp¶ ]Sn-ªm-d³ {]tZ-i-¯pw.
 28

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 29

I K
D]-\n-j¯v kam-lm-c-s¯-¸än
1. D]-\n- j¯v thZ-a-{´-§-fpsS hymJym-\- am-Wv. Cuim-hm-ky-D-]- \n- j¯v ip¢- b-PqÀth-Z-¯nsâ \m¸Xmw
A²ym-b-am-Ip-¶p. aäpÅ {][m-\-amb Ztim-]-\n- j-¯p-IÄ Bc-Wy-I-§-fpsStbm {_mÒ-W-§fpsStbm
`mK-am-Ip-¶p. thZ-a-{´m-Jym-\-§-fmb D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ¡p thZm´w F¶ t]cp-Iq-Sn-bp-­v. ]c-{_-Ò-
¯nsâ kKp-W-\nÀ¤pW kzcq-]-§f - mb XXz-§sf D]-\n-j¯ - n NÀs¨-¿p-¶p. D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ¡p
hn`n¶ k{¼-Zm-b-§-fn-epÅ BNm-cy-·mÀ Ah- cpsS \X-a-\p-k-cn¨pÅ `mjyw cNn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
D]-\n-j¯- p-IÄ 108 F®w D­v. Cu 108 D]-\n-j¯ - n Ztim-]-\n-j¯- n-\mWv Gähpw IqSp-
XÂ {]m[m-\yw. Ah Cuiw, tIXw, ITw, {]iv\w, apÞ-Iw, sFX-tc-bw, OmtµmKyw, _rl-Zm-cWyw Ch-
bm-Ip-¶p. Nne ]Þn-X- ·mÀ tizXm-iz-cw, ssIjo-XIn F¶ c­p D]-\nj-¯p-IÄ¡qSn CtXm-sSm¯p
tNÀ¯v ]{´-s­®w Gähpw {][m-\-ambn Icp-Xp-¶p. _m¡n-bpÅ D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ A]-c-[m-\-am-bn«p
BNm-cy·mÀ Icp-Xp-¶p. Ztim-]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ¡p {ioi-¦-c³ XpS-§n-bp-Åh - À `mjyw cNn-¨n-«p-­v.
D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ 108þÂ IqSp-Xembn 144 Ds­¶p ]d-bp-¶-hcpw D­v. AXÃ 183 BWv F¶
A`n-{]m-b-¡mcpw D­v. F¶m BNm-cy-·mÀ Ch-bvs¡m¶pw `mjy-§Ä \ÂIn-bn-«n-Ã.
2. D]-\n-j-¯nsâ temI-t¯bv¡p R§Ä (BÀ. eoem-tZ-hn) IS-¶p-sN-Ãp-¶Xv Fgp-¯nsâ BZy-Im-e-
¯mWv. AXm-bXv 19þmw Ime-L-«-¯n-Â In«m-hp-¶n-S-t¯mfw D]-\n-j¯ - p-IÄ iJ-cn¨v ]Tn-¨p. {ioi-¦-
csâ hymJym- t¯msSbpÅ `mjy- §Ä ae- bm- f-¯n In«m- \p- ­v. {io. FÂ. F. chn- hÀ½- sb- t¸m- epÅhcpsS
hymJym\w hmbn-¨-t¸mÄ ae-bm-f-¯n asämcp hnhÀ¯-\-¯n\p Øm\- an-sÃ-¶p IcpXn B Nn´ Ah-
km-\n-¸n-¨p. R§Ä hm§nb {KÙ§-fn {io. lcn-Ir-jvW-Zmkv tKmb-µ-Im-bpsS hymJym\w hmbn-¨-t¸mÄ
AXv Fs¶ BIÀjn-¨p. At±lw efn-X-ambn XXz-Nn-´-IÄ Ah- X- cn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ coXn
Ah-ew-_n¨p ""H¼Xv D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ'' FgpXn hnZymÀ°n-an{Xw _p¡p-Un-t¸mbv¡p sImSp¯p. AXn\p
henb klI-c-Whpw e`n-¨p. {]kn-²-s¸-Sp-¯nb DS³Xs¶ AXp hnäp-Xo-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. D]-\n-j-
¯nsâ temI¯p CXn\p thdn-s«mcp kzc-ap-­m-bn-cp-¶p.
""H³]Xv D]-\n-j-¯n-''s\-¸än Aev]w-IqSn ]d-bmsX h¿. BÀ. eoem-tZhn Kh¬saâv A²ym-]n-
I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. A¶v kÀ¡mÀ Poh-\-¡m-c³ ]pkvX-I-sa-gp-X-W-sa-¦n kÀ¡mÀ A\p-hmZw thW-am-bn-
cp- ¶p. kÀ¡m-cn- tebv¡p At]£ Ab-¨p. AXv \nc-kn- ¨- Xp-sIm­v ]pkvX-I-¯n Fsâ t]À am{XamWv
h¨n-cp-¶-Xv. Cu \ntj[w kÀ¡m- cn-s\-s¡m­v \nbaw amäm- \pÅ {]t£m-]-W-¯n\p XpS-¡-an- Sp-I-bp-
­m- bn.
"H³]Xp D]-\n-j¯v' kmln-Xy-A-¡m-Z-an¡p hnin-jvS-{K-Ù-ambn ]cn-K-Wn-¡m\mbn Ab-bv¡m³
]ecpw ]d-ªXpsIm­v Ab-¨p. 600 cq] klm-bhpw 20 {KÙ-§Ä A¡m-Z-an¡p \ÂIm\pw D¯-c-
hmbn. A¶v kmln-Xy-A-¡m-Z-an-bn-ep-­m-bn-cp¶ {io. kpIp-amÀ Ago-t¡mSv Cu {KÙ-¯nsâ t{]c-W-bmÂ
""XXz-akn'' F¶ {KÙw cNn-¡p-I-bp-­m-bn.
ae-bmf¯n-epÅ 108 D]-\n-j¯v Xncp-h-\-´-]pcw FUyp-t¡jWÂ ]»n-tj-gk v nsâ ASp¯p
h¨p. Cu Imew 108 D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ hnhÀ¯\w sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶Xv Fkv. BÀ. hn. sslkvIq-fnse
lnµn A²ym-]-I\ - mb ]m¡p-f-§c `mkvI-c³ \mb-cm-bn-cp-¶p. At±-lw-X-s¶ A¨-Sn-¸n¨ {KÙw
hn¸-\-bv¡mbn AhnsS G¸n-¨-Xm- bn-cp-¶p. al-¯mb Hcp {ia-^-e-ambncp¶p AXv. ""\ap¡v H¶v
t\m¡n-bmtem?'' FUyp-t¡-j³ kt¹-knsâ DS-a-bmb cma-\m-Y³ tNmZn¨p. Rm³ adp-]Sn ]d-ªn-Ã. 108
D]-\n-j¯
- nsâ kwkvIrX-{KÙw At±lw Fs¶ G¸n-¨p. ho«n sIm­p-h-¶p-h-¨-X-ÃmsX AXn-
te¡p IS-¶n-Ã. ""kwkvIr-X- en]n ae-bm-f-¯n-se-gp-Xn-bm aXn'' ]eXpw Ihn-X-b-Ã, KZy-ams-W¶mWv AhÀ
]d-ª- Xv. Ipd¨v t\cw-t]m-¡n-\mbn amän-h-¨-Xm-bn-cp-¶p.
Imew IS-¶p-t]mbn. `mcy IS-¶p-t]m-bn. FÃmw amdn-a-dn-ªp. Fgp¯p Rm³ \ndp-¯nb a«mbn.
]ns¶ AhÀ XpS-§n-h-¨Xp ]qÀ¯-bm-¡m\pÅ Hcp Nn´-h-¶p. ]eXpw Xnc-sª-Sp-¯v kplr-¯p-
¡sf G¸n-¨p.
{]im´n ]»n-tjgvknsâ DSa {io. them-bp[³ \mb-cmWv Fsâ kplr¯v. ]ca`à³,
At±lw Hcp Znhkw Ztim-]-\n-j-¯n-te¡p IS-¶p. AXp-{]-kn-²o-I-cn-¡m³ Bh-iy-s¸-«p. Ah Bß-hn-
izm-k-t¯msS, kt´m-j-t¯msS \ÂIn. ]ns¶ AXnsâ XpSÀ¨-bmbn 108 XnI-b¡ v m³ At±lw Bh-
iy-s¸-«p. A§s\ Rm³ ho­pw XpSÀs¶gpXn.
`K-hmsâ A\p-{K-l-¯n\p {]mÀ°n-¨p-sIm-­v.
hn. _me-Ir-jvW³

N P
 31

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DÅS¡w
1. Cuim-hm-tkym-]\
- n-j¯v............................ 33 27. IT- cp-t{Zm-]-\n-j¯v.......................................... 411

2. ItTm-]-\n-j¯v................................................ 39 28. Ien-k´

- -c-tWm-]-\n-j¯v............................. 115

3. tIt\m-]-\n-j¯v............................................ 67 29. Imem-án-cp-t{Zm-]-\n-j¯v............................... 416

4. apÞtIm]-\n-j¯v...................................... 75 30. IpÞn-tIm-]\

- n-j¯v...................................... 418

5. amÞq-tIym-]-\n-j¯v.................................. 91 31. IrjvtWm-]-\n-j¯v......................................... 420

6. IuX-Io-{_m-Òt- Wm-]-\n-j¯v.................. 95 32. ssIh-teym-]\

- n-j¯v...................................... 423

7. ssX¯o-co-tbm-]-\n-j¯v............................ 112 33. £pcp-tIm-]\

- n-j¯v......................................... 426

8. tizXm-iz-X-tcm-]\
- n-j¯v........................... 141 34. KW-]-Xyp-]\
- n-j¯v......................................... 428
9. sFX-tc-tbm-]-\n-j¯v................................. 167 35. Kcp-tUm-]\
- n-j¯v............................................ 430

10. {]ivt\m-]-\n-j¯v......................................... 175 36. KÀt`m-]-\n-j¯v................................................ 433

11. Omtµm-tKym-]-\n-j¯v................................. 191 37. Kmb{Xo D]-\n-j¯v........................................ 436

12. _rl-Zm-cW
- y-tIm-]\
- n-j¯v....................... 277 38. Kmb-{Xo-c-l-tkym-]-\n-j¯v.......................... 441

13. A£yp]-\n-j¯v............................................. 362 39. tKm]me-]qÀh-Xm-]n-\yp-]-\n-j¯v............... 444

14. Aß]q-tPm-]-\n-j¯v..................................... 366 40. NXpÀth-tZm-]\

- n-j¯v..................................... 448
15. A[ym-tßm-]-\n-j¯v...................................... 367 41. Nm£p-tjm- ]\
- n-j¯v...................................... 450

16. AZz-b-Xm-c-tIm- ]\
- n-j¯v............................... 374 42. Pm_m-e-ZÀi-t\m-]-\n-j¯v........................... 451

17. AYÀh-in-tcm-]\
- n-j¯v................................. 377 43. Pm_m-eyp-]\
- n-j¯v......................................... 467

18. Aar-X-\m-t Zm-]\

- n-j¯v................................... 382 44. Xpco-bm-Xn-tXm-]- \n-j¯v................................ 469

19. Ah-[q-tXm-]-\n-j¯v...................................... 386 45. Xpf-kyp-]-\n-j¯v............................................ 470

20. Btßm-]-\n-j¯v............................................. 389 46. {XninJn{_m-Ò-tWm-]-\n-j¯v..................... 472

21. Bß-{]-t_m-t[m-]- \n-j¯v........................... 393 47. [ym\-_n-µq-]\

- n-j¯v...................................... 484
22. Bß-t_m-t[m-]-\n-j¯v................................ 396 48. Z£n-Wm-a qÀ¯yp-]-\n-j¯v........................... 493

23. Bcp-Wn-tIm-]-\n-j¯v.................................... 400 49. tZhyp-]-\n-j¯v................................................. 496

24. EtKz-Zob kckzXyp-]\

- n-j¯v.................... 402 50. Zztbm-]-\n-j¯v................................................. 499
25. B{i-tam-]-\n-j¯v.......................................... 408 51. \mZ-_n-µq-]-\n-j¯v.......................................... 500

26. GIm£-tcm- ]\
- n-j¯v.................................... 410 52. \mc-Z]
- -cn-{hm-P-tIm-]\
- n-j¯v........................ 504

N P
 32

I K
53. \mcm-b-Wm-YÀin-tcm-]\
- n-j¯v..................... 534 81. bmÚ-he
- vtIym-]-\n-j¯v............................ 711

54. \ncm-e- t¼m-]-\n-j¯v....................................... 536 82. tbmK-IpWvUeyp]-\n-j¯v........................... 715

55. \nÀhm-tWm-]-\n-j¯v...................................... 539 83. tbmK-Nq-Um-aWn D]-\n-j¯v........................ 727

56. \oe-cp-t{Zm-]-\n-j¯v........................................ 540 84. tbmK-X-tXzm-]-\n- j¯v..................................... 737

57. \rknw-l-]qÀh- Xm-]n- \yp-]-\n-j¯v

...................... 543 85. tbmK-cm-tPm-]-\n-j¯v..................................... 747

58. \rknw-l-jvS -N-t{Im-]-\n-j¯v...................... 553 86. cmt[m-]\

- n-j¯v................................................. 749

59. ]©-{_-tÒm-]-\n-j¯v................................... 554 87. cp{Z-lr-Z-tbm-]-\n- j¯v..................................... 750

60. ss]wK-tem-]-\n-j¯v....................................... 558 88. cp{Zm£-Pm-_m-tem-]-\n-j¯v........................ 755

61. ]c-a -lw-tkm-]-\n-j¯v.................................... 566 89. cpt{Zm-]- \n-j ¯v................................................. 759

62. ]c-a-lw-k]
- c
- n-{hm-P-tIm-]\
- n-j¯v.............. 567 90. emwKq-tem-]-\n-j ¯v......................................... 760

63. ]c-{_-tÒm-]-\n-j¯v....................................... 571 91. h{P-kq-Nn-tIm-]-\n-j¯v.................................. 762

64. ]mip-]X
- -{_-tÒm-]-\n-j¯v........................... 575 92. ic-t`m- ]-\n-j¯v................................................ 764

65. {]W-thm-]-\n-j¯v........................................... 580 93. imSym-b-\o-tbm-]\

- n-j¯v............................... 768

66. {]mWm-án-tlm-t{Xm-]-\n-j¯v..................... 582 94. imÞnteym-]-\n-j¯v..................................... 773

67. _rlvhy-tNm-]-\n-j¯v................................... 585 95. imco-cn-tIm-]-\n-j¯v....................................... 787

68. {_Ò-_nµp]-\n-j¯v...................................... 586 96. inh-k-¦e

- vt]m-]\
- n-j¯v................................ 789

69. {_Ò-hn-tZym-]- \n-j¯v.................................... 588 97. ipI- c-l-tkym-]\

- n-j¯v.................................. 790

70. {_tÒm-]\
- n-j¯v............................................. 596 98. {iocm-a-]qÀh-Xm-]n-\yp-]-\n-j¯v................... 795
71. `n£p-tIm-]\
- n-j¯v......................................... 599 99. kt\ym-tkm-]- \n-j¯v..................................... 801

72. aWvU-e-{_m-Ò-tWm-]-\n-j¯v..................... 600 100. kc-kz-Xo-c-l-tkym-]-\n-j¯v....................... 813

73. a{´n-tIm-]-\n-j¯v.......................................... 607 101. kmhn-{Xyp-]- \n-j¯v......................................... 819
74. alm-\m-cm-b-tWm-]\
- n-j¯v........................... 609 102. kotXm-]-\n-j¯v............................................... 820

75. alm-hm-tIym-]-\n-j¯v................................... 641 103. kqtcym-]-\n-j¯v.............................................. 824

76. atlm-]-\n-j ¯v................................................. 642 104. ku`m-Ky-e£vao D]-\n-j¯v........................ 826
77. apàn-tIm-]\
- n-j¯v......................................... 680 105. kvItµm-]\
- n-j¯v............................................ 831
78. apZvK-tem-]-\n-j¯v........................................... 691 106. kzkw-th-tZym-]-\n-j¯v.................................. 833
79. ssass{X-b-Wyp-]-\n-j¯v............................. 695 107. kÀh-k-tcm-]-\n-j¯v...................................... 834

80. ssat{X-¿p-]\
- n-j¯v........................................ 705 108. lwtkm-]-\n-j¯v............................................. 837

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1
Cuim-hm-tkym-]-\n-j¯v 3

Cuim-hm-tkym-]-\n-j¯v ip¢-bP - -iqÀthZ ImWz-im-

Job kwln-X-bpsS \mev]-X m-as¯ A[ym-ba - m-Ip-¶p.
a{´`m-K-¯nsâ Awiw Bb-Xp-sIm­v CXn\p {]tXy-I-
amb alXzw Iev]n- ¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. b-P-qÀthZ¯nse BZys¯ CXnsâ bmsXmcp `mKhpw At±l¯m cln-X-am-bn-cn- ¡p-
ap¸-¯n-H³]Xv A²ym-b-§- fn IÀ½-Im-Þ- s¯- ¸än {]Xn- ¶nà (KoX 10-þ39, 42). C§s\ Nn´n¨v B Cuiz-cs\ \nc-
]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. CXv B ImÞ-¯nsâ Ah-km-\- `mKamWv.
ChnsS `K-h-XvXzkzcq-]PvRm\Im-Þs¯ \ncq-]Ww
sN¿p-¶ p.
D]-\n-j-¯p¡fn Gähpw BZy-t¯Xv Cuim-hmky-
amWv. Cu D]-\n-j-¯nsâ BZy a{´w ""Cuim-hm-kyw.''
F¶ hmIyw- sIm­v Bcw-`n-¡p-¶- Xn-\m CXn\v Cu t]cp-
­m-bn.
im´n- ] mTw
Hmw ]qÀ®-aZ: ]qÀ®-anZw ]qÀ®-mXv
]qÀ®-apZNytX
]qÀ®-Êy ]qÀ®-amZmb ]qÀ®-
tahmhinjytX*!!
Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
k¨n-Zm-\-µL
- \ ]c-{_-Ò-]p-cp-tjm-¯-a³ FÃm {]Im-
c-¯nepw kÀÆZm ]cn-]qÀ®-\m-Ip-¶p. Cu temIw B {_-
Ò¯m ]cn-]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶p. ]qÀ®-Xbpw A]qÀ®-Xbpw
B ]c-{_-Ò¯n \n¶pw DÛ-hn-¨-Xm-W.v ]c-{_-Ò-¯nsâ
]qÀ®-X-sIm­v Cu PK¯p ]qÀ®-am-Wv. ]qÀ®-amb ]c-
{_-Ò¯nÂ\n¶pw ]qÀ®Xsb amäp-I-bm-sW-¦nÂt¸mepw
]qÀ®Xzw Ah-ti-jn-¡p-¶p.
1. Cuim -hm-ky-anZw kÀÆw -b-XvIn©
PKXymw PKXv tX\
Xytà\ `pRvPoYm amKr[: Iky-kznZv[\w.
AJne hniz {_lm- a m-Þ - ¯ n ImWp- I bpw
tIÄ¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ Ncm-N-c-h-kvXp-¡-sf-Ãmw, Ah-sb-
Ãm-¯ntâbpw kÀÆm-[m-chpw kÀÆ-\n-b-´mhpw kÀÆm-[n-
]-Xnbpw kÀÆ-i-àn-am\pw kÀÆPvR\pw kÀÆ Ieym-W-
kz- cq-]\pw Bb ]c- ta-iz- c-\m hym]vX-am- bn- cn-¡p- ¶p. FÃm-
¡m-e¯pw At±-l-¯m ]cn-]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶p. (KoX 9-þ4).
´cw Xt¶m-Sp-IqSn A[n-h-kn-¸n-¨p-sIm-­v, kÀÆZm At±-
ls¯ kvacn-¨p-sIm-­v, Cu {]]-©-¯n aa-Xbpw Bk-
ànbpw XyPn¨p IÀ¯-hy-]m-e-\-¯n-\mbn am{Xw hnj-b-
§sf bYm-hn[n D]-t`mKw sN¿p-hn³, AXm-bXv hniz-cq-
]n-bmb Cuiz-csâ ]qP-bv¡p-th­n am{Xw IÀ½-§sf
BN-cn-¡p-hn³. hnj-b-§Ä¡-Sn-a-bm-Ip-hm³ a\-Êns\
A\p- h - Z n- ¡ - c p- X v . CXn \n§Ä¡p \nÝ- b - a mbpw
awKfap­m- Ipw. Cu t`mKy hkvXp-¡Ä Bcp-tS-bp- a-Ã. a\p-
jy³ {`aw aqew Ch-bn aa-Xbpw Bk-ànbpw Is­-
¯p-¶ p. Ch ]c-ta-i z-c -tâXmIp-¶ p. At±-l -¯ nsâ
{]k¶X-b¡ v p-th­n Ch-bpsS D]-tbmKw \S-¡-Ww. CXp
a\p-jyÀ¡p-th­n thZ-`-K- hmsâ ]hn-t{Xm-]-tZ-i-am-Ip-¶p.
2. IÀh-t¶-thl IÀ½mWn PnPo-hn-
tj-ÑXw kamx
Ghw Xzbn \m\y-tY-tXmkvXn \
IÀ½ en]ytX \tc.
]qÀÆ-a-{´¯n ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse PK-¯nsâ
GI-am-{Xm-IÀ¯mhpw [À¯mhpw lÀ¯mhpw kÀÆ- i-àn-
am\pw kÀÆ-a-b-\p-amb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ kvacn-¨p-sIm­v Ch-
sbÃmw At±-l-¯n- tâ-sX¶p IcpXn At±-l¯ - nsâ ]qP-
bv¡mbn imkv{X- \n-b-X-amb IÀ¯-hy-IÀ½- §sf BN-cn-
¨p-sIm­v \qdp-kw-h-Õcw Pohn-¡p-hm-\m-{K-ln-¡p-hn³.
Cuhn[w Xsâ PohnXw apgp-h ³ ]c-ta-iz-c-\ p-th­n
kaÀ¸Ww sN¿p-hn³. imkvt{Xm-à-amb kzIÀ½-§sf
BN-cn-¨p-sIm­p PohnXw Ign-¨p-Iq-«p-¶Xp ]c-ta-iz-csâ
]qP-b¡v p-th­n am{X-am-Ip¶p; X\n-¡p-th-­n-b-Ã. t`mKw
t`mKn-¡p-¶- Xn-\m-bn- «-Ã. shdpsX sN¿p- ¶-Xn-\m B IÀ½-
§Ä¡p \ns¶ _Ô-\-¯n AI-s¸-Sp-¯m³ Ign-bp-¶n-

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 34

I Ã. IÀ½-§Ä A\p-jvTn-¨p-sIm­v Ah-bn apgp-Im-Xn-cn- t\-¡m-f-[nIw Xo{h-KX K

- n-tbmSp IqSn-b-h-\t- {X. a\-Ênsâ
¡p-¶-Xn\v Cu Hcp amÀ¤-ta-bp-Åq. CXn-\-Xn-cn-à-ambn aäp KXn FhnsS hsc F¯p-¶pthm AXn\pw hfsc A[n-I-a-
bmsXmcp amÀ¤hpw IÀ½- _-Ô- \-§-fn \n¶pw tamN\w Ise At±-l-sa-¯p-¶-hm-\p-Ip-¶p. a\-Ên-\m-Is« Ahn-sS-
t\Sp-hm-\m-bn-«nà (KoX 2þ50, 51; 5þ10). h-sc-sb-¯p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶n-Ã. At±lw FÃm-än-tâbpw
kw_Ôw þ C{]-Imcw IÀ½-_-Ô-§-fnÂ\n¶pw apàn- BZnbpw Úm\-kz-cq-]hpw BIp-¶p. AYhm FÃ-än-
t\-Sp-¶-Xn-\pÅ amÀ¤w \nÀt±-in-¨n-cn-¡p¶p. C\n CXn\p tâbpw BZn-Im-c -W-\m-b n-c n-¡p-¶ -Xp-s Im­v At±lw
hncp-²-amb amÀ¤-§-fn IqSn Ncn-¡p¶ a\p-jy-cpsS Ahsb t\cs¯ Adn-b p-¶ p. F¶m tZh-X- I fpw
KXnsb hÀ®n-¡p-¶p. alÀjn-K-W-§fpw ]qÀ®-ambn At±-ls¯ Adn-bp-¶nÃ
(KoX 10-þ2). AXn-Xo{h thK-bp-à-amb _p²n, a\-Êv,
3. Akpcym \ma tX temIm AtÔ\ C{µnb§Ä AYhm hmbp BZn-bmb tZh-X-IÄ AXm-
XakmhrXmx Xnsâ iàn-¡-\p-k-c-W-ambn ]c-ta-iz-csâ A\p-k-Ôm-\-
XmwkvtX t{]Xym-`n-K-Ñ´n tb tI ¯n kZm ]mªp- sIm-­n- cn- ¡p- ¶p. F¶m ]c-ta-iz- c³
NmXv alt\m P\mx \nXy\pw AN-e -\p-am-b n-cp-¶p-s Im-­p-X- \s\ Ah-sb-
sbÃmw IS¶p apt¶m«p s]mbvs¡m-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. Ch-
am\-h-i-cocw aäpÅ FÃm ico-c-§-tfbpw At]-£n¨p
bvs¡m¶pw At±-l-¯nsâ ASp-¯p-hsc F¯m³ Ign-
t{ijvThpw ]ca ZpÀÃ-`hpw BIp-¶p. AXp-t]mse CXv
bp- ¶n-Ã. koam-cm-ln- Xy-s¯-¸-än-bpÅ hnhcw koa-bn HXp-
Pohn-IÄ¡p `K-hmsâ {]tXyI Ir]-sIm­v P\-\-a-c-W-cq-
§n-¡-gn-bp-¶-hÀ F§s\ A\p-am-\n-¡pw. hmbp apX-emb
]-amb kwkm-ckmKc-¯n \o´p-¶-Xn-\mbn In«n-b-Xm-Ip-
tZh-If - n AS-§n-bn-cn-¡p¶ iàn Pe-hÀj-Ww, {]Im-
¶p. C§s\ icocw e`n- ¨n- «pÅ a\p- jy³ Xsâ IÀ½- §sf
iw, {]mWn-{]m-W-k- Ôm-cWw apX-emb IÀ½-§-fn AhÀ
Cuiz-c-]q- P-bv¡mbn kaÀ¸n- ¡m-sX, Imat`mK- §- sf-¯s¶
hn\n-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶p. Ah-sbÃmw ANn´y iàn-bmb ]c-
Pohn-X-¯nsâ ]c-a-e£ - y-sa¶p IcpXn hnj-bm-k-àn-
ta-iz-csâ alm-i-àn-bpsS tIhew Awiw am{X- am-Ip-¶p.
bnepw A`n-em-j-§Ä¡p-th-­nbpw Hmtcmtcm hn[-¯nÂ
At±-l-¯nsâ kl-tbmKw CsÃ-¦n AhÀs¡m¶pw
tIhew hnj-bk - p-J-§-fnepw Ah-bpsS btY-jvS-amb
sN¿m³ km[y-a-Ã.
D]t`mK§fnepw apgp-In-¡-gn-bp-¶ p. C§-s\-bp-Å -hÀ
hmkvX-h- ¯n Bßm-hnsâ lXy Xs¶ \S- ¯p-¶p. F´p kw_Ôw þ C\n ]c-ta-iz-csâ ANn´y iàn-tbbpw
sIms­-¶m C{]- Imcw ]X- \-¯n- te¡p \o§p- ¶-hÀ X§- hym]-I-X-tbbpw ]än ho­pw hÀ®n-¡p-¶p.
fpsS Pohs\ hyÀ°-ambn \in-¸n-¡pI am{X-aà X§sf
5. XtZ-PXn Xss¶-PXn XZvZptc XZz-´n-tI.
H¶p-IqSn Bg-¯n IÀ½- _-Ô-§-fn Ipcp-¡p-I-bmWp
sN¿p-¶-Xv. Cu Imam-k-à-cm-b-hÀ þ AhÀ Bsc-¦n-ep-am- XZ-´-cky kÀhky XZp kÀh-kymky
I-s«, AhÀ temI-¯n henb t]cpw biÊpw ssh`- _mlyXx
hhpw A[n-Im-c-§fpw t\Sn- bn- «p- Å-h-cm-Is« þ ac-Wm- \-´cw ]c-ta-iz-c³ Nen¨pw Nen-¡m-sXbpw Ccn-¡p-¶p. Htc
IÀ½- ^- e- am-bpÅ iqI- c, IqI- c, IoS- ]- Xw-KmZn hn`n- ¶- timI Ime-¯n ]c-kv]c hncp- ²-§- fmb `mh-§fpw KpW-§fpw
k´m] ]qÀ®-amb Akp-c- tbm-\n-I-fnepw `b-¦c \c-I-§- {Inb-Ifpw At±-l-¯n-eS- -§n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. CXv At±-l-
fnepw Ae-tb-­- Xmbn hcp¶p (KoX 16-þ16, 19, 20). CXv C{]- ¯nsâ ANn´y iàn-bpsS aln-a-bm- Ip-¶p. aäp Xc-¯nÂ
Im- c-apÅ Akpc kz`m- h- t¯m- Sp-Iq-Snb ZpjvS- ·mÀ¡p- th­n ]d-ªm `K-hm³ Xsâ Znhy ]c-a-[m-a-¯nepw eoem-[m-a-
\nÝ- bn-¡-s¸- «n-«p-ÅXpw `oI-c-amb AÔ- Im-c-¯m BÑm- ¯nepw Xsâ {]nb-s¸« `à-·mÀ¡p kpJw \evIp-¶-Xn-
Zn-Xhpw BIp-¶p. a\p-jy³ Xs¶ kzbw D²-cn-¡-Ww, \mbn B {]mIrX kKp-W-km-Im-c-cq-]¯ - n {]I-S-ambn
kz´w ]X\w D­m-¡-cpXv F¶ KoX-bn `K-hm³ CXp- eoe \S-¯p-¶p. CXp `K-hmsâ Ne-\m-h-Ø-bm-Ip-¶p.
sIm­p ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶p (KoX 6þ5). \nÀ¤p-W-cq]w `K-hmsâ AN-em-h-Ø -bm-Ip-¶p. CtX coXn-
kw_Ôw þ temI-hym-]n-bm-bn-cn-¡p¶ B ]c-ta-iz-cs\ bn¯s¶ `K-hm³ t{]c-ln-X-cmb a\p-jyÀ¡p ZÀi\w
kZm kvacn-¨p-sIm­v At±-l-¯nsâ ]qP-b¡ v mbn¯s¶ \ÂIp-¶n- Ã. AXm-bXv Ahsc kw_- Ôn-¨n-St¯mfw B
FÃm IÀ½-§fpw sN¿-Ww. AsX-§s\? AtX-¸än ]d- ]cm-iàn hf-scb[nIw AI-se-bmbn ØnXn-sN-¿pw. adn-
bp¶p; ¨v, t{]a-¯nsâ hnfn tIÄ¡p¶ kabw t{]an-P-\-§-fpsS
ap¶n {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. t{]an-P\§sf kw_-Ôn¨p ]c-
4. At\-P-tZIw a\tkm Photbm ta-iz-c³ kZm-k-a-bhpw \nI-S-hÀ¯n-bmbn ØnXn-sN-¿p-
ss\\-t±hm B]v\p h³ ]qÀh-aÀjXv ¶p. CXp IqSmsX `K-hm³ kZm kÀÆ{X ]cn-]qÀ®-\pw.
X²m-h tXm \ym\-tXyXn XnjvT-¯- CXp-sIm­v Gähpw AI-sebpw AXp-t]mse Gähpw
kvan-¶t]m amX-cnizm Z[m-Xn. ASp¯pw Ahn-Sps¯ km¶n²yw {]I-S-am-Ip-¶p. F´p-
sIm-s­-¶m `K-hmsâ km¶n-²y-an-Ãm¯ Hcn-Sw- t]mepw
kÀÆm-´-cym-anbpw kÀÆ iàn-am\pw Bb ]c-ta-iz-
Cu PK-¯n Ahtijn-¡p-¶n-Ã. AJn-e-¯nepw A´-
c³ AN-e\pw GI\pw BIp-¶p. F¶n-cp-¶mepw a\-Ên-
N P
 35

I cym-an-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-Im-cWw At±lw \t½mSv AXy´w ta hnh-cn-¨n-«p-Å-Xp-t]mse ]c-ta-iz-cs\ FÃm-hn-[- K

kao-]-¯m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. F¶m AÚm-\n-I-fm-bn-«p-Å-hÀ ¯nepw ImWp-Ibpw Adn-bp-Ibpw sN¿p¶ alm ]pcp-
At±-ls¯ Cu cq]-¯n Xncn-¨-d n-bp-¶n-Ã. Ahsc j³ ip`m-ip` IÀ½-P-\nX {]mIr-X-kq-£va-i-co-c\pw ]©-
kw_-Ôn- ¨n-S-t¯mfw At±lw hfsc hfsc AI- se-bmbn `u-XnI, AØn, kncm, amwkm-Zn-ab jUvhn-Im-c-bpà
ØnXn-s N-¿p¶p (KoX 13-þ15). `K-hm³ Cu ImWp¶ Øqe- tZ- l- c-ln- X\pw On{Z- c-ln- X\pw Znhy- k-¨n- Zm- \- µ-L-\\w
kakvX PK-¯n\pw ]c-am-[m-chpw ]ca Ic-W\pw BIp- AXp-t]mse {Im´-ZÀinbpw AJn-e-t¯bpw Xsâ \nb-
¶p. AXn-\m AI¯pw ]pd¯pw FÃm Øe¯pw ´vdW - -¯n shbv¡p¶ kÀÆm-[n-]-Xnbpw kzm`o-jvS-
At±lw ]cn-]qÀ®-\m-bn-hÀ¯n-¡p¶p (KoX 7þ7). ¯m {]I-S-am-Ip-¶-h\pw k\m-X-\-Imew apX kI-e-Po-
kw_Ôw þ C\n ASp¯ c­p a{´-§-fn-embn Cu ]c- h-cm-in-IÄ¡pw-th­n Ah-bpsS IÀ½m\pkc-W -amb
{_-Ò]- -c-ta-iz-cs\ Adn-bp¶ alm-]p-cp-j-·m-cpsS ØnXn- FÃm hkvXp-¡-tfbpw krjvSn¨p hn`-P\w \S-¯p-¶-h\pw
sb-¸än hÀ®n-¡p-¶p. Bb B ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-a-\mb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ {]m]n-
¡p-¶p.
6. bkvXp kÀhmWn {`Xm-\ym-
ß-t\y-hm-\p-]-iyXn kw_Ôw þ ASp¯ aq¶p a{´-§-fn-embn hnZy-bp-tSbpw
kÀh-`q-tXjp Nmßm\w XtXm \ Ahn-Zy-bp-tSbpw XXz-§Ä hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu {]I-c-W-
hnPq-Kp- ] vk-tX. ¯n ]c- {_-Ò{- ]m-]vXn-¡pÅ km[-\-bmb Úm\s¯
hnZy F¶ t]cnepw kzÀ¤mZn temI-{]m]vXn AYhm Cu
C{]-Imcw bmsXm-cp-¯³ kIe {]mWn-hÀ¤-t¯bpw temI-¯nse hnhn[ t`mssK-iz-cy-{]m-]vXn-¡p-th-­n-bpÅ
kÀÆm-[m-c-am-bn-cn-¡p¶ ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-a-\nÂ, ]c- km[m-cW IÀ½s¯ AhnZy F¶ t]cnepw hnfn-¡p-¶p.
{_- Ò- ¯n ImWp-Ibpw AXp-t]mse ]c- {_-Òs¯ {]mWn-
hÀ¤-¯n ZÀin-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm Ah\v Bsc-sb- 9. AÔw Xa: {]hn-i´n tbhnZym-ap-]m-ktX
¦nepw shdp-¡p-hmt\m tZzjn-¡p-hmt\m F§s\ Ignbpw? XtXm `qb Ch tX Xtam b D
Ah³ kZm ka-bhpw Xsâ ]c-amß {]`p-hns\ ZÀin-¨p- hnZymbmw cXm:.
sIm­v (KoX 6þ29, 30) a\-¸qÀÆ-ambn AJn-e-t¯bpw {]W-
bmsXm-cp-h³ t`mK-§-fn Bk-à-\mbn Ah-bpsS
an-¡p-I-bpw kI-e-tcbpw tkhn¨ kuJy-ap-­m-¡m³
{]m]vXn-¡pÅ km[-\m-cq-]-amb Ahn-Zysb \m\m-{]-Im-c-
Bin- ¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
apÅ IÀ½-§Ä¡mbn A\p-jvTn-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ B
7. bkvan³ kÀhmWn `qXm-\ym-Xvssa-hm IÀ½-§-fpsS ^e-kz-cq-]-ambn AÚm-\m-Ô-Im-c-¯mÂ
-`q-Zzn-Pm-\Xx ]cn-]qÀ®-amb hnhn[ tbm\n-I-tfbpw t`mK-§-tfbpw
X{X tIm tamlx Ix timI {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Ah³ a\p-jy-P-·-¯nsâ ]c-a-e-£y-amb
GI-Xz-a-\p]iyXx {io]-c- ta-iz-cs\ {]m]n-¡msX \nc-´-c-am-bpÅ P\-\-a-c-W-
cq-]-am-Ip¶ {]]-©-{]-hm-l-¯nÂs¸«p hnhn-[-§-f mb
C{]-Imcw a\p-jy³ ]c-am-ßm-hns\ \¶mbn Xncn-¨n-dn-
k´m-]-§Ä A\p-`h - n¨p Ign-tb-­-Xmbn hcp-¶p. c­m-a-
bp-t¼mÄ, Pohn-I-fn Ah³ ]c-am-ßm-sh¶ GI-am{X
Xmbn bmsXm-cp-¯³ A´x-Ic - -W-ip-²n¡p th­n-b-Ãm-
XXzs¯ ZÀin-¡pt¼mÄ, Ah\p kZm-k-a- bhpw ]c-am-ßm-
hnsâ ZÀi\w e`n-¨ p-s Im-­ n-c n-¡ p- ¶ p. Cu kabw sXbpw {kjv S m- s h-¶ pÅ am\yX AwKo-I-cn-¡m-sXbpw
Ahsâ A´x-I-c-W-¯n timI-tam-lm-Zn-hn-Im-c-§Ä¡v IÀ½-§Ä A\p- jvTn- ¡p-Ibpw hnthI sshcm- KymZn Úm\-
F§s\ Øm\-ap-­m-bn-cn¡pw? timI-tam-lm-Zn-hn-Im-c-§- ¯nsâ {]mY-anI km[-\-I-fn-ÃmsX tkhn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-
fpsS Omb-t]mepw Ahsâ lrZ-ba - -WvU-e-¯n Gim- ¶p. F¶m tIhew imkv{X- ]mT§Ä tI«n«v kzbw hnZy-
¯-hn[w Ah³ B\-µ-a-á-\m-b n-¯o-c p-¶p. a\p-jyÀ bpsS þ Úm\-¯nsâ anYy-tcm]w sNbvXv Úm\m-`n-am-\n-
Ahs\ FÃmw {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶- h-\mbn ImWm-dp- s­- ¦nepw bm-bn-c n-¡p-Ibpw C§-s\-bpÅ anYym-Úm\n kzbw
B ka-b¯pw Ah³ Xsâ \mY-t\mSp IqSn DÃm-k-ambn Úm\n-bmbn `mhn¨v ""R§Ä¡v bmsXmcp IÀ¯-hy-hp-
{IoUn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶p (KoX 6þ31). anÃ'' F¶p-]-d- ªp-sIm­p IÀ¯-hy-IÀ½-§-sfÃmw XyPn-
¡p-Ibpw C{µn-b§ - Ä¡p hio-`q-X-\mbn imkv{X-hn-[n-
kw_Ôw þ C\n C{]-Imcw ]c-ta-iz-cs\ XmXzn-I-ambn
IÄ¡p hn]-co-X-ambn tXm¶n-b-Xp-t]mse IÀ½-§Ä BN-
Adn- bp- ¶-Xp- sIm­pw ZÀin- ¡p- ¶- Xp- sIm­pw DÅ ^es¯
cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Cu Imc-W-¯m ChÀ kIm-a-`m-
hnh-cn-¡p-¶p.
h-t¯m-Sp-IqSn IÀ½-§Ä A\p-jvTn-¡p¶ hnj-bm-k-à-
8. k ]cy-Km-Ñ p-{I-a-I m-b-ahvd W-a-kv\m-hncw cmb a\p-jysc At]-£n¨v A[n-I-X-c-amb AÔ-Im-cs¯
ip²- a-]m- ]-h n²w þ ]ip, ]£n, iqI-c-þ-Iq-Ic XpS§n \oN-ar-K-tbm-\n-I-
IhnÀa-\ojo ]cn`qx kzbw-`qÀbm-Ym-X- sfbpw cuch Ipw`o-]m-ImZn tLmc \cI§tfbpw {]m]n-
YytXmÀYm³ hrZ-[m-Ñm-iz-Xo`y: kam`yx ¡p-¶p.

N P
 36
I kw_Ôw þ imkv{X-¯nsâ bYmÀ°-Xm¸cyw a\-Ên-
em¡n Úm\-t¯bpw IÀ½-t¯bpw A\p-jvTn-¡p-¶-Xp-
sIm-­p-­m-Ip¶ kÀtÆm-¯-a-amb ]cn-Wm-as¯ hÀ®n-
¡p-¶p.
10. A\y-tZ-hm-l pÀhn-Zy-bm-\y-Zm-lp-c-hn-Zybm
CXn ip{ipa [ocmWmw tb \kvXZv
hnN-N-£n-tc.
Úm\-¯nsâ bYmÀ° kzcq]w kÀÆ-t{i-jvT-amb
^ew {]Zm\w sN¿p-I- bm- Ip- ¶p.-þ- \n- Xym-\nXy hkvXp-¡-fpsS
hnth-Ihpw £W-`w-Kp-chpw hn\mi ioehpw A\n-Xyhpw
Bb sFl-eu-In-Ihpw ]c-eu-In-I-hpw- B-b t`mK-h-kvXp-
¡-tfmSpw Ah-bpsS km[-\-tbmSpw DÅ ]qÀ® hnh-c-
ànbpw kwb-a-]qÀ®-amb ]hn{X Pohn-Xhpw GI-am{X
k¨n-Zm-\-µ-L-\-amb ]qÀ® {_Ò-Nn-´- bn AJ-Þ-amb
eo\-Xbpw Cu bYmÀ° Úm\-¯nsâ A\p-jvTm\w
sIm­p {]m]vX-am-Ip-¶. bYmÀ° Úm\-¯nsâ Cu
kÀtÆm-¯-a-amb ^ew Úm\m-`n-am-\-¯n cX-cm-b-bm-
sXmcp tkzÑm-Nm-cn-IÄ¡p ZpÀ¤-Xn-cq-]-amb ^ew-In-«pt¶m
AXnÂ\n¶pw FÃm-¯ -c -¯ nepw hn`n-¶ -a m-b n-c n-¡ pw.
CXphn[w kÀtÆm-¯a ^e-Zm- b-I-amb IÀ½-§- fpsS kzcq-
]w-þ-IÀ½-¯n IÀ¯-mhnsâ A`n-am-\m-`m-hhpw cmKtZzj-
§-fp-tSbpw A`n-em-j-§-fp-tSbpw A`m-hhpw AXp-t]mse
kz´w hÀ®m-{ia ]cn-Øn-Xn-IÄ¡-\p-k-c-Wa - mbn `K-
hXvtkhm-`m-h-¯n am{Xw {i²-tbm-Sp-tk-h-\-hp-am-Ip-¶p.
Ah-bpsS A\p-jT v m-\w-sIm­p kakvX ZpÀKp-W-§fpw
Zpcm-Nm-cm-§fpw \ntÈjw \in-¡p-Ibpw lÀj-tim-ImZn
kakvX hnIm-c-§-fn \n¶pw cln-X-\mbn km[- I³ arXyp-
am-b- kw-km-c-¯nÂ\n¶pw IS-¶p-t]m-hp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
kIm-a-`m-h-t¯m-Sp-IqSn \S-¯-s¸-Sp¶ IÀ½-§Ä¡p e`n-
¡p¶ ]p\ÀÖ-·-cq- ]-amb ^e-t¯-¡mÄ bYmÀ° IÀ½-
tk- h-\-¯n-\pÅ {]Xn-^ew {ijvThpw at\m-l- c-hp- am-Ip-¶.
kw_-Ô w-þ -ap-I-fn ]dª Xc-¯n-epÅ Úm\hpw
IÀ½-hpw-þ-c-­n-sâbpw XXz-§sf H¶n¨p \¶mbn {Kln-
¡p-¶-Xp-sIm-­pÅ ^e-§-fmWv C\n ]d-bp-¶-X.v
11. hnZym NmhnZymw N bkvXZv thtZm-`bw kl
Ahn-Zybm arXypw XoÀ¯zm
hnZy-bm-a r-X-a-iv\p-tX.
IÀ½- ¯ n- t âbpw AIÀ½- ¯ n- t âbpw bYmÀ°
clkyw {Kln-¡p-¶-Xn henb henb _p²n-am-·mÀ¡p-
t]mepw sXäp-]-än-bn-cn-¡p¶p (KoX 4þ16). Cu ImcWw
sIm­p-Xs¶ IÀ½-c-l-ky-¯ n A\-`n-Ú-·m-cm-bpÅ
Úm\m-`n-am-\n-IÄ IÀ½s¯ {_Ò-Úm-\-¯n¶p _m[-
I-ambn IW-¡m-¡p-¶p. X·qew X§-fpsS hÀ®m-{i-tam-
Nn-X-amb Ah-iy-IÀ¯-hy-§sf XyPn-¡p-¶p. F¶mÂ
C{]-Im-c-apÅ XymKw-s Im­v AhÀ¡p XymK-¯nsâ
bYmÀ°-^ew þ IÀ½- _-Ô-§-fnÂ\n¶pw tamN\w e`n-
¡p-¶nà (KoX 18-þ8). CXp-hn[w Úm\-¯nsâ (A-IÀ½m-
N P
hØm ss\jvIÀ½y) XXzw {Kln-¡m-¯Xp ImcWw a\p- K
jy³ Xs¶-¯s¶ Úm\n-bmbpw {]]-©-¯ n-\p-] -cn-
bmbpw Icp-Xp-¶p. AhÀ X§-sf-¯s¶ ]m]- ]p-Wy-§-fnÂ
\nÀt±m-jn-I-sf-t¸mse CjvSm-\p-k-c-W-am-bpÅ IÀ½m-Nc
- -
W- §-fn hym]r-X-cmbpw IÀ½-§sf `mc-cq-]-ambpw IcpXn
Dt]-£n- ¡p-Ibpw Ae-k-X, \n{Z apX-emb {]tZ-i-§-fnÂ
ZpÀÃ-`-amb kz´w am\-h-Po-hn-X-¯nse Aaq-ey-k-a-bs¯
\jvS-s¸-Sp-¯n-¡-f-bp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
Cu c­p-hn-[-amb A\À°-§-fnÂ\n¶pw c£-s]-Sp-
¶-Xn-\pÅ GtIm-]mbw IÀ½-¯ntâbpw Úm\-¯n-
tâbpw cl-kys¯ Hcp-t]mse a\-Ên-em¡n Ahsb bYm-
tbmKyw A\p-jvTn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ Cu
c­n-sâbpw XXz-§sf Htc kabw \¶mbn a\-Ên-em-¡p-
¶pthm Ah³ Xsâ hÀ®m-{i-a-t¯tbm ]cn-X- Øn-Xn-¡-
\p-cq-]-amb imkv{X-hn-lnX IÀ½-§-tftbm XyPn-¡p-¶n- Ã.
]Icw Ah-bn IÀ¯m-hnsâ A`n-am-\-t¯mSpw cmK-tZz-
jmZn ^em-`n-em-jc- -ln-X-\m-bn«pw Ahsb bYm-tbmKyw
BN-cn-¡p-¶p. CXp-sIm­v Ahsâ Pohn-X-bm{X kpJ-
ambn \S-¡p-¶p. Cu `mh-t¯m-Sp-IqSn IÀ½m- \p-jT
v m\w \S-
¯p-¶-Xnsâ ]cn-W-X-^-e -ambn Ahsâ A´x-I -cWw
kIe ZpÀKp-W-§-fnÂ\n¶pw hnIm-c-§-fnÂ\n¶pw cln-
X-am-bn«v AXy´w \nÀ½-e-am-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw `K-hXv Ir]-
bm Ah³ arXyp-ab kwkm-c-¯nÂ\n¶pw kzm`m-hn-I-
ambn IS-¶p-t]m-hp-Ibpw sN¿p¶p F¶v a{´§fn ]d-
ªn-«p-­v. Cu IÀ½-km-[-\-tbm-Sp-IqSn hnthI þ sshcm-
Ky-k-¼-¶-ambn \nc-´cw {_Ò-hn-Nmc cq]-amb Úm\m-
`ymkw A\p-jvTn¨p Ignbp¶Xn-\m {io]-ct- a-iz-csâ
bYmÀ° Úmt\m-Zbw D­m-Ip-Ibpw AXn-thKw ]c-{_-
Ò-]-c-ta-iz-csâ km£m-Xv¡m-c-ap-­m-hp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ C\n-bpÅ ASp¯ aq¶p a{´-§-fn-embn
Akw-`q-Xn-bp-tSbpw kw`q-Xn-bp-tSbpw XXz-§-sf-¸än ]d-bp-
¶p. Cu {]I-c-W-¯n Akw-`q-Xn-i- _vZ-¯nsâ AÀ°w
]qÀ®-cq-]-¯n k¯-bn-Ãm-¯Xv F¶m-bn-cn-¡pw. C§-
s\-bpÅ hn\m-i-kz-`m-h-t¯m- Sp-Iq-Snb tZh-IÄ, ]nXr-¡Ä,
a\p-jyÀ apX-em-b-h-bpsS tbm\nIfpw Ah-tbm-S-\p-_-Ôn-
¨pÅ t`mK-km-a-{Kn-Ifpw BIp-¶p. a{´- ¯n Akw-`q-Xn-
bpsS Øm\¯v ""hn\mi'' F¶ hm¡p-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶p.
kw`q-Xn-i-_vZ-¯n\v C§s\ AÀ°-I-ev]\ sN¿p-¶p. þ
bmsXm-¶nsâ k¯ k¼qÀ®-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXv
k¼qÀ®-P-K-¯nsâ D¸-¯n, ØnXn, kwlmcw Ch
sNbvXp-sIm-­n-cn- ¡p¶ Ahn-\m-in- bmb ]c-{_- Ò-]p-cp-tjm-
¯-a³ (KoX 7þ6; 7) F¶mIp-¶p.
12. AÔw Xa: {]hn-i´n tbkw`q-Xn-
ap-]m-ktX
XtXm `qb Ch Xtam b D kw`qXymw cXmx
bmsXm-cp-¯³ hn\mi kz`m-ht- ¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb kv{Xo,
]p{X³, [\w, am\w, IoÀ¯n, A[n-Imcw apX-embn Cu
temI-¯n-sâbpw ]c-tem-I-¯n-sâbpw t`mK-km-a-{Kn-I-fnÂ
 37
I Bk-à-\m-bn«v Ah-sb-¯s¶ kpJ-tl-Xp-¡-fmbn Icp-
Xp-¶pthm AXp- t]mse Ahsb BÀÖn-¡p- ¶-Xn\pw tkhn-
¡p-¶-Xn\pw apgp- h³ ka- bhpw hn\n-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶pthm Cu
t`mK-hk
- Xv p-¡-fpsS {]m]vXn¡pw kwc-£-W-¯n\pw A`n-
hr-²n¡pw th­n tZh-X-It- fbpw ]nXr-¡-tfbpw a\p-jy-
tcbpw D]m-kn-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ kzbw P\\ acW N{I-
§-fn ]Xn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xp ImcWw A`m-h-{K-kX v hpw imco-
cnI ZrjvSn-bn hn\m-i-I-c-hp-amb Ah-Øn-bn-em-bn-cn-¡p-
Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Chsb D]m-kn-¡p¶ t`mKm-k-à-cmb
a\p-jyÀ Xm´m-§-fpsS D]m-k\m ^e-ambn hn`n¶ tZh-I-
fpsS temI-¯n hn`n-¶-t`m-Ktbm\nIsf {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
CXp-Xs¶ Ah-cpsS AÚm-\-cq-]-am-Ip¶p; tLmcm-Ô- Im-
c-¯n-te-¡pÅ {]th-i-\-am-Ip¶p (KoX 7þ20, 23).
c­m-a-Xmbn bmsXm-cp-¯³ imkv{X-Xm¸- cy- §- tfbpw
`K-hmsâ Znhy-Kp-W- §-tfbpw `mh-§-tfbpw XXz-§-tfbpw
Ah-bpsS cl-ky-§-tfbpw {Kln-¡mbvI aqew `K-hÂ
`P\w sN¿m-sXbpw t`mKm-k-àn-I-fn apgp-Inbpw Ign-
bp¶XpIm-cWw temI-tk-h-\-¯nepw imkv{X-hn-ln-X- §-
fmb tZthm-]m-k-\-bnepw {]hr-¯-cm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. C§-s\-
bpÅ hnj-bm-k-à-cmb a\p-jyÀ Ir{Xn-a-ambn X§sf
Cuiz-tcm-]m-k-I-cmbn hniz-kn-¸n¨v kcf lrZ-b-cmb P\-
§-sf-s¡m­v X§sf ]qPn-¸n-¡p-¶p. AhÀ anYym-`n-am-\-
¯m tZh-Isf XpÑ-am¡n ]d-bp-Ibpw imkv{Xm-\p-km-c-
apÅ Ah-iy-IÀ¯-hy-§-fmb tZh-]q-P, Kpcp-]qP apX-em-
bh X§-f psS hmKv Pme-§ -f m ab¡n Ah-c psS
lrZb§fn tZthm-]m-k\ apX-em-b-hs - b-¸än shdp¸pw
hntZz-jhpw krjvSn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. C§-s\-bp-Å-hÀ
X§sf-¯s¶ Cuiz-c-Xp-ey-ambn ImWp-Ibpw aäp-Å-h-sc-
s¡m­v AXv AwKo-I-cn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXv X¶n-jvS-{]-
Imcw Zpcm-Nm-c- §-fn apgpIn PohnXw \bn-¡p-¶p. C§s\
Zw`n-I-fmb a\p-jyÀ X§-fpsS ZpjvIÀ½-§-fpsS Xnà-
^ew A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-Xn\p _m[y-Ø-cm-bn«v IqIc iqI-cm-
Zn-I-fmb \oN-tbm-\n-I-fnepw cuc-h-Ipw- `o-]m-ImZn tLmc-\-
c-I-§-fnepw sN¶v Ahn-Sps¯ {Iqc-bm-X-\-Is - fÃmw A\p-
`- hn-t¡-­-Xmbn hcp- ¶p. hn\mi kz`m-hn-I-fmb tZh-X-Isf
D]m- kn-¡p- ¶-hsc At]-£n¨v ChÀ¡pÅ in£ AXy´w
tLmc kz`m-ht- ¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-bn-cn¡pw (KoX 16-þ18, 19).
kw_Ôw þ imkv{X-¯nsâ bYmÀ° Xm¸cyw icn¡p
a\-Ên-em¡n kw`q-Xn-bp-tSbpw Akw-`q-Xn-bp-tSbpw D]m-
k\ \S-¯p-¶-Xn-\m kÀtÆm-¯-a-amb ]cn-Wmaw kn²n-
¡p¶p F¶v ASp-¯-Xn hÀ®n-¡p-¶p.
13. A\y-tZ-hmlp: kw`-hm-Z-\y-Zm-lp-c-kw-`-hmXv
CXn ip{ipa [ocmWmw tb \kvXZv
hnN-N-£n-tc.
]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-a-` -K-hms\ kÀÆ-i- àn-a m³,
kÀÆ-Ú³, kÀÆm-[m-cw, kÀÆ-a-b³, AJne PK-¯n-
sâbpw krjvSn-Øn-Xn-kw-lm-cI
- À¯m-hv, \nXy³, Ahn-
\min F¶n-§s\ a\-Ên-em-¡p-Ibpw t{]a-]qÀ®-amb lrZ-
N P
b-t¯m-Sp-IqSn \nXyhpw \nc-´- chpw Bbn B Znhy- \m-ahpw K
cq]hpw [mahpw AXp-t]mse {]mIrX KpW- c-ln- Xhpw Znhy-
Kp-W- a-bhpw Bb k¨n-Zm-\µ kzcq-]s¯ kvacn-¡p-Ibpw
{ihn-¡p-Ibpw IoÀ¯\w sN¿p-Ibpw sN¿p-I. C{]-Imcw
bYmÀ°-¯n-epÅ D]m-k-\sIm­v D]m-k-I\v AXn-th-K-
¯n Ahn-\m-in-bmb ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-as\ {]m]n-
¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p¶p (KoX 9þ34). Cuiztcm-]m-k-\-bpsS
anYym-cq]w [cn¨p \S-¡p-¶-hÀ¡p e`n-¡p¶ ^e-¯n\p
hncp-²-ambn Cu bYmÀ° D]m-k-I\p e`n-¡p¶ ^ew
Gähpw t{ijvT- am-b-Xm-Ip-¶p. imkv{X- §-fp-tSbpw {io`-K-
hm- tâbpw BÚm- \p-k-cWw ]nXr- ¡Ä, {_mÒ-W³, amXm-
hv, ]nXm-hv, BNm-cy³, Úm\n-IÄ XpS-§n-bh - À¡pÅ
tkhm-]q-Pm-Zn-IÄ X§-fpsS IÀ¯-hy-ambn Icp-X p-I.
Chsb `K-hmsâ Iev]-\bpw tkh-\h - p-ambn Icp-Xp-I.
Cu hn[w \njv¡m-a-`m-ht- ¯mSp IqSn tkhm-]q-Pm-Zn-IÄ
A\p-jT v n-¡p-¶-h-cpsS A´x-I-cWw ip²-am- bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw
AhÀ¡p `K-hmsâ Ir]bpw {]k-¶-Xbpw e`y-am-hp-Ibpw
sN¿pw. X·qew AhÀ arXyp-ab kwkm-c-km-Kcw IS-¶p-
t]m-hp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. hn\mi ioe-cmb tZh-IÄ XpS-§n-
b-hsc kIm-tam-]m-k\ sN¿p-¶-Xn \n¶pw e`y-am-hp¶
^e-¯nÂ\n¶pw CXp kÀÆYm hncp-²-am-Ip-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ kw`q-Xn-bp-tSbpw Akw-`q-Xn-bp-tSbpw XXz-
§sf H¶mbn {Kln- ¡p-¶-Xp- sIm- ­pÅ ^ew C\n kv]jvT-
am-¡p-¶p.
14. kw`qXnw N hn\miw N bkvXZv
thtZm-`bw kl
hn\m-ti\ arXypw XoÀ¯zm kw`q-Xym-ar-
X-a-iv\p-tX.
bmsXmcp a\p-jy³, ]c-{_-Ò-]p-cp-tjm-¯-a³ \nXy\pw
Ahn-\m-inbpw kÀÆ-hym-]nbpw kÀÆ-i-àn-am\pw kÀÆm-
[m- chpw kÀÆm-[n-]-Xnbpw kÀÆm-ßmhpw kÀÆ-t{i-jT v \pw
\nXy \nÀ¤p-W\pw ({]m-Ir-X-Kp-W-c-ln-X³) \nXy kKp-W-
\pw (kz-cq-] -`qX Znhy-I -eym-W -Kp-W -K -W -h n-` q-j n-X ³)
BIp¶p F¶p a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p-thm, AtXm-Sp-IqSn tZh-
IÄ, ]nXr-¡Ä, a\p-jyÀ XpS§n F{Xtbm tbm\n-Ifpw
t`mK hkvXp-¡fpw Dt­m Ah- sbÃmw hn\m-i-kz-`m-h-t¯m-
Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw £W-`w-Kp-c§ - fpw BsW¶pw P\-\a - -cW
kz`m-h-t¯mSp IqSn-b-Xp-Im-cWw AXn-ZpxJ Imc-W-§-fm-
Ip¶p F¶p {Kln-¡p-¶p-thm, Ah-bn \nlnXambn-cp¶
k¯m-kv^qÀ¯nbpw iàn- bp- saÃmw `K-h- ±-¯-am-sW¶pw
At±-l-¯nsâ PK-¨-{I-¯nsâ kpNm-cp-cq-]-t¯mSp IqSnb
Ne-\-¯n\p th­n `K-hXv {]oXn-¡p-th­n Ahsb bYm-
Øm-\-§-fn bYm-tbmKyw `K-hmsâ hm¡p-If - m-Ip¶
imkv{Xw BÚm-]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, B a\p-jy³ sFln-
I-]-c-eu-InI tZh-]n-X- cmZn temI§fnse t`mK-kp-J-§-fm-
k- à - c m- I msX B {K- l - § fpw aa- X - I fpw lrZ- b -
¯nÂ\n¶pw \njv¡m-k\w sNbvXp bYm-tbmKyw imkv{X-
hn-[n-{]- Imcw tkhm-]q- P-IÄ \S-¯p-¶p. CXp ImcWw Ah-
 38

I cpsS Pohn-X-bm{X kpJ-]qÀÆw \S-¡p-Ibpw B`y-´-c-§- Cu kqcy-a- WU

v -e-¯nseX]vX-c- ivan- I-sfbpw AXnsâ D{K-
K
fmb hnIm-c-§Ä \in¨v A´x-I-cWw ip²-am-hp-Ibpw `K- c-i va n-I-s fbpw X¶n-te¡v Bhm-l n-s ¨m-X p-¡ n-bm-e pw.
hÂIr-]-sIm­v AhÀ kzm`m-hn-I-ambn arXyp-ab kwkm- C§s\ Ahn-Sps¯ Znhy kzcq-]-¯nsâ {]Xy-£-ZÀi\w
c-km-K-cs¯ IS-¶p-t]m-hp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. hn\m-i-kz-`m- \ÂI- tW. Ct¸mÄ Rm³ A§- bpsS Ir]m- Xn-tc-Iw-sIm­v
hn-If- mb tZh-Xm-Zn-IÄ¡pÅ \njv¡m-tam-]m-k-\-tbm-Sp-Iq- A§-bpsS kuµcy am[p-cy-\n-[nbpw Znhy-]c - a Ieym-W-
Sn-bpÅ Ahn-\m-in-bmb ]cm-Xv]-c-{]-`p-hnsâ D]m-k-\- hp-amb k¨n-Zm-\µ kzcq-]s¯ [ym\- Zr- jSv n- bn¡qSn ZÀin-
sIm­v AhÀ AXn-thKw Aa-c-kz-cq-]-\mb PK-Zo-iz-cs\ ¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶p; _p²n-bn IqSn {Kln-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-
{]Xy-£- ambn {]m]n-¡p-¶p. ¶p. Imc-Ww, A§v ]ca ]pcp-j\pw Cu kqcy-sâbpw
kw_Ôw þ ]c-ta-iz-cs\ D]m-kn-¡p-¶-hÀ¡v Ah-cpsS AJne {_Òm-WvU-¯n-tâbpw Bßm-hm-Ip-¶p. Fsâ
A´y-I m-e -¯n ]c-ta-i zc {]m]vX n-¡ mbn F§s\ Bßmhpw CXp-X-s¶- bm-Ip¶p; AXm-bXv Rm\pw AXp-X-
{]mÀ°n-¡-W-sa¶v C\n ]d-bp-¶p. s¶.

15. lnc-Wva-tb\ ]mt{XW kXy-kym-]n kw_Ôw þ [ym\-amÀ¤-¯n¡qSn `K-hmsâ kzcq-]-

-lnXw apJw
XXzw ]qj-¶-]m-hrWp kXy-[À½mb
ZrjvS-t b.
`à-·mÀ C§s\ {]mÀ°n-¡Ww: þ AÃtbm `K-hm-t\,
Ahn-Sp¶v AJne {_Òm-WvU-¯n- tâbpw kwc-£- I-\m-Ip-
¶p. A§-b nÂ\n¶pw FÃmw ]pjvS n {]m]n-¡ p-¶ p.
kXyhpw [À½hpw A§-tbm-SpÅ `àn-bm-hp-¶p. Rm³
CXn apgp-In-¡-gn-bp-¶p. AXm-bXv Fsâ ]pjvSn Fsâ
at\m-c-Y-]qÀ¯n, Ahn-Sp¶p sNbvXp-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶-Xm-Ip-
¶p. k¨n-Zm-\µ kzcq] {]Im-i-a-b-amb kqcy-a-WUv -e-¯n-
\p-Xpeyw an¶n-¯n-f-§n-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p¶ tPymXnÀab bh-
\n-Ib
- m Ahn-Sps¯ apJw Bhr-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Rm³
Ahn-Sps¯ Bh-c-W-c-ln-X-\mbn ZÀin-¡m-\m-{K-ln-¡p-¶p.
AXm-bXv A§-bpsS k¶n- [m- \-¯n h¶v A§sb \ncm-
h-c-W-\mbn ZÀi\w \S-¯p-¶-Xn\p XS-Ê-§-fm-bn-«pÅ
kIe Bh-c-W-§-tfbpw F\n-¡p-th­n amän-¯-tc-W-ta.
A§-bpsS k¨n- Zm-\µ kzcq-]s¯ {]I-S-am- ¡n-¯-tc-W-ta.
16. ]pj-t¶-IÀtj ba kqcy {]mPm-]Xy
hyql civao³ kaql
tXtPm bt¯ cq]w Ieym-W-Xaw
Xt¯ ]iyman
tbmkmhku ]pcpjx tkmla-k van.
`K-hm-t\, Ahn-Sp¶v Ahn-Sps¯ kzm`m-hn-Ia - mb Ir]-
sIm­p `à-·m-cpsS `àn-km-[-\-§-fn XpjvSn {]Zm\w
sNbvXp Ahsc t]mjn-¸n-¡p-¶-h-\m-Ip-¶ p. Ahn-Sp¶p
kakvX Úm\n-I-fnepw A{K-KWy\pw ]ca Úm\-kz-cq-
]\pw kz´w `à-·mÀ¡p Xsâ kzcq-]-¯nsâ bYmÀ°-
Úm\w {]Zm\w sN¿p- ¶-hcpw BIp¶p (KoX 10-þ11). Ahn-
Sp¶v AJn-e-t¯bpw bYm-tbmKyw krjvSn- ¨v, \nb{´n-¨v,
kwc-£ n¨p sIm­n-cn-¡p-¶-h-\m-Ip-¶p. `à-·m-cp-tSbpw
Úm\n-I-fp-tSbpw ]c-a-amb e£yw Ahn-Sp-¶m-Ip-¶p.
Ahn-tÚ-b-\m-bn-cp-¶n«pw Xsâ `à-hm-Õ-ey-kz-`mhw
tlXp-hmbn `àn-amÀ¤-¯n¡qSn `à-·mÀ¡v Ahn-Sp-¶p-
Xs¶ shfn-s¸- Sp- ¯n-s¡m-Sp- ¯p- sIm-­n-cn- ¡p- ¶p. Ahn- Sp¶v
{]Pm-]-Xn-IÄ¡p hfsc {]nb-s¸-«-h\ - m-Ip-¶p. tl {]t`m,
ZÀi\w \S-¯n-bn«v km[-I³ `K-hmsâ km£m k¶n-
[m-\¯
- n F¯p-¶-X n-\p-th­n sh¼ÂsIm-Åp-Ibpw
icocw XyPn-¡p¶ kabw Øqe-kq-£va-i-co-c-§-fpsS
hnL-S-\-sb-¸än Nn´n-¨p-sIm­p `K-hm-t\m-Sp-IqSn {]mÀ°n-
¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
17. hmbp-c-\n-e-a-ar-X-a-tYZw `kvam´w icocw
Hmw {ItXm kvac IrXw kvac {ItXm
kvac IrXw kvac.
]c-a-[m-a-¯n-te-¡pÅ bm{Xn-I\ - mb km[-I³ Xsâ
{]mtW-{µn-b -§ -s fbpw ico-c -s ¯bpw X¶nÂ\n¶pw
kÀÆYm `n¶-am-bn-¡-cpXn Ah-sbÃmw AXm-XpIfpsS D]m-
Zm-\-X-Xz-§-fn-te¡v Ft¶-¡p-ambn hne-bn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw
Øqe-kq-£va-i-co-cs¯ ]qÀ®-ambpw hnL-S n-¸n-¡p-¶-
Xn\pw B{K-ln-¡p-¶p. AXp-sIm­v C§s\ ]d-bm-dp­v;
{]mWmZn ka-jvSn-hmbp BZn-bn ebn-¡-s«, Øqe-i-cocw
I¯n Nm¼-em-I-s«. ]ns¶ Ah³ Xsâ Bcm-[y-tZ-h-X-
bmb ]c- {_-Ò- ]p-cp-tjm-¯-a- \mb `K-hm-t\mSp {]mÀ°n- ¡p-
¶p. AÃtbm bÚ-a-b\ - mb alm hnjvtWm, k¨n-Zm-\µ
hnÚm-\-kz-cq-]-\mb ]c-ta-iz-cm, Ahn-Sp¶v kz´w P\-
amb Ft¶bpw Fsâ IÀ½-§-tf-bpw-]än Nn´n-t¡-W-ta.
A§v kzm`m-hn-Ia - mbn Ft¶bpw F¶m D­m-¡-s¸-«n-
«pÅ `àn-kz-cq-]-Im-cy-§-tfbpw kvacn-t¡-W-ta. `K-hm-t\,
A§v Ft¶bpw Fsâ IÀ½-§-tfbpw kvacn-t¡-W-ta.
A´y-Im-e¯ - n Rm³ A§-bpsS kvarXn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bn-
cn-¡p-sa-¦n XoÀ¨-bmbpw AXn-thKw F\n¡v A§-bpsS
k¶n-[m-\-¯n F¯p-hm³ Ign-bpw.
kw_Ôw þ C§s\ Xsâ Bcm-[-\m-aqÀ¯n-bmb ]c-
{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-a-\mb `K-hm-t\mSp {]mÀ°n-¨n«v km[-
I³ ]c-a-[m-a-¯n-te¡p t]mIp¶ kabw B amÀ¤-¯n-
epÅ Aán-tZ-h-t\mSp {]mÀ°n-¡p-¶p.
18. AKvt\ \b kp]Ym cmtb
Akvam³ hnizm\n tZh hbp-\m\n hnZzm³
bptbm-[y-k va-Öp-lp-cm-W -tat\m `qbnjvTmw
tX \a Dànw hnt[m.

N P
 39
I AÃtbm AKv\n-`-K-hm-t\, Rm\n-t¸mÄ Fsâ ]c-a-{]-
`p-hmb `K-hmsâ k¶n-[m-\-¯ n-se-¯n-t¨À¶n-cn-¡p- ¶p.
FÃm-¡m-ehpw Cu `K-hXv k¶n-[n-bn hkn-¡p-hm³
B{K-ln-¡p-¶p. A§v AXn-thKw Xs¶ Fs¶ ]c-a-kp-µ-
chpw awK-ea
- -b-hp-amb D¯-cm-b\ amÀ¤-¯n¡qSn `K-
hmsâ ]c-a-[m-a-¯n F¯n-¨m-epw. A§v Fsâ IÀ½-
§sf Adn- bp-¶- h-\m- Ip-¶p. Rm³ Bbp-jv¡mew apgp-h³
`K-hÂ`-àn-bn Ign-ªp-Iq-Sn. `K-hmsâ Ir]-bm Cu
ka-b¯pw [ym\-t\-{X-¯m B Znhy-kz-cq-]s¯ ZÀin-
¡p-I bpw B ]hn-{X-\ maw D¨-c n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶ p.
F¶mepw Cu amÀ¤-¯n Fs´-¦nepw hnLv\§ - -fmb
IÀ½- §Ä Ftâ-Xm-bn-«-h-ti-jn-¡p-¶p-s­-¦n A§p
Ir]-tbmsS \in-¸n-t¡-W-ta.
im´n- ] mTw
Hmw ]q˨-aZx ]q˨-anZw ]q˨mXv
]qÀ®-ap- Z-NytX
]q˨ky ]q˨-am-Zmb ]q˨-ta-hm-h
-i n-jy-t X.
Hmw im´nx im´nx Hmw im´nx
CXnsâ hymJym\w BZyw sImSp-¯n-«p-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p.
{i²n- ¡pI:þ CXnse ]Xn- \©pw ]Xn-\mdpw a{´- §Ä IqSp-
XÂ {i²mÀl-§-fm-sW¶p alm-]-WU v n-X-·mÀ ]d-ªn-«p-
­v. FÃm-hcpw `K-h-±Ài-\-¯n-\mbn {]mÀ°n-¡Ww F¶v
1 ItTm-]-\n-j¯v
D]-\n-j-¯p-¡-fn hfsc {]kn-²n-tb-dn-b-XmWv ITn-
t\m- ]-\n- j- ¯v. CXv IrjvW-b-PpÀth- Z-¯nsâ IT- im-J- bpsS
A´À`m-K-am-Ip-¶p. CXn \Nn-tI-X-Ên-tâbpw ba-tâbpw
kwhm-Z-cq-]-¯n ]c-am-ß m-hnsâ cl-ky-a-bX - -X zs¯
hfsc D]-tbm-K-{]-Z-ambpw hni-Z-ambpw hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
CXn c­- ²ym-b-§fpw Hmtcm A²ym-b-¯nepw ap½q¶p
hÃn-I- fp-a p-­v .
im´n- ] mTw
Hmw kl \mh-h-Xp. kl \u `q\-àp. kl
hocyw Ic-hm-h-ssl. tXPkzn \mh-[o-X-a-kvXp. am
hnZzn-jm-l-ssh.
N P
CXn ]d-bs
- ¸Sp-¶p. K
]Xn-t\-gv, ]Xn-s\«v a{´- §Ä A´y-Im-e-Kp-W-¯n\v D]-
I-cn-¡p-¶-Xm-Ip-¶p. Cu a{´-a-\p-k-cn¨v A´y-Im-e¯p
{]mÀ°\ \S-¯p¶ a\p-jyÀ¡p apàn-bp-­m-hpw. AXn-
\m Ch-bpsS `mhmÀ°w H¶p-IqSn sImSp-¡p-¶p.
17. tl ]c-am-ßm-th, Fsâ Cu C{µn- bw, {]mW³ XpS-§nb
AXm-Xp-I-fpsS Imc-W-þ-X- Xz-§-fn eo\-ambn¯ocp-Ibpw
Fsâ Øqe-i-cocw `kva-am-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sN¿-s«. CXp
kw_-Ôn¨v Fsâ a\-Ên Aev]-am-{X-amb Bk-àn-
t]mepw D­m- I- cp-tX. tl bÚ- a-b-\mb hnjvtWm, A§p
Zb-hp-­mbn Ft¶bpw Fsâ IÀ½-§-tfbpw kvacn-¡-
tW. Ahn-Sps¯ kvacn-¡p-¶-Xn-\m Rm\pw Fsâ IÀ½-
§fpw ]hn-{X-am-bn-¯o-cpw. Rm³ \nÝ-b-ambpw Ahn-
Sps¯ ]mZ-tkh sN¿m³ F¯n-t¨-cpw.
18. tl Aán-kz-cq-]-\mb ]c-ta-iz-cm, Ahn-Sp¶v Fsâ [\-
am-Ip¶p þ kÀÆ-kz-am-Ip-¶p. AXx Ahn-Sps¯ {]m]n-¡m-
\mbn Ahn-Sp¶v Fs¶ D¯- a-amÀ¤§fn kz´w Nc-W-
k-ao]w F¯n-¡-tW. Fsâ F{X-sb{X ip`m-ip-IÀ½- M-
§-fp­v; Ahbv¡v Ahn-Sps¯ ad-bv¡m-\m-hnÃ; Ahn-Sp¶v
FÃm-a-dn-bp-¶-h\
- m-Ip¶p; Rm³ Cu IÀ½-§-fpsS _e-
¯n Ahn-Sps¯ {]m]n-¡m³ Ign-bp-¶-h-\-Ã. kzbw Zb-
hp-tXm¶n Ahn-Sp¶v Fs¶ Ahn-Sp-t¯-Xm-t¡-W-ta. Ahn-
Sps¯ {]m]vXn-¡mbn bmsXmcp ]m]w {]Xn-_-Ô-am-bn-cn-
¡pt¶m AXns\ Ahn-Sps¶ AIäp¶-Xn-\mbn Rm³
ho­pw ho­pw Ahn-Sps¯ \a-kv¡-cn-¡p-¶p.
3
Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
AÃtbm ]c- am-ßm- th, A§v R§Ä Kpcp- in-jy- ·mÀ¡v
FÃm {]Im-c-¯n-ep-apÅ c£ sN¿-tW. R§Ä c­p-t]-
tcbpw Ahn-Sp¶p kap-Nn-X-amb coXn-bn ]cn-]m-e\w
sNt¿-W-ta. R§Ä c­p-t]cpw A§-bnÂ\n¶pw IqsS-
¡qsS FÃm {]Im- c-§-fnepw _ew {]m]n-t¡-W-ta. R§Ä
c­p-t]cpw IqSn A²y-b\w \S-¯p¶ hnZy tXPx-]qÀ®-
am- bn-¯o- c-tW. Hcn-¡epw BcnÂ\n¶pw hnZy-bn R§Ä
]cm-Pn-X-cmbn¯ocm-sX-bn-cn-t¡-W-ta. R§-Ä c­p-t]cpw
PohnXw apgp-h³ ]c-kv]cw kvt\l-kq-{X-§-fm _Ôn-
X-cm-bn-cn-t¡-W-ta. R§-fpS DÅn Hcn-¡epw ]c-kv]c - -
 40

I tZzjw D­m-Im-Xn-cn-t¡-W-ta. tl ]c-am-ß³! {Xn]m-Z- 3. ]otXm-ZIm PKv[-XrWm ZpKv[-tZmlm K

§Ä¡p \nhr¯n D­m-¡-tW. \ncn-{µnbm:
A\µm \ma tX temIm-kvXm³ k KÑXn
XmZ-Z-X v.
A²ymbw H¶v
]nXmhv F§-s\-bpÅ tKm¡-sf-bmWp Z£n- W-bmbn
1. Hmw Di³ l ssh hmP-{i-hkx sImSp-¡p-¶Xv? Ct¸mÄ Chbv¡p I\nªp shÅw IpSn-
kÀÆ-th-Zkw ZZu ¡p- ¶- Xn-\pÅ iàntbm ]pÃp Nh¨p Xn¶p- ¶- Xn\pÅ ]Ãp-
Xky l \Nn-tIXm \ma ]p{X Bk. Itfm CÃ-sÃm. Ch-bpsS kvX\-§-fn ]mensâ Awiw-
{KÙm-cw- `¯ - n ]c-am-ßm-hns\ kvacn-¡p-¶Xv AXy t]mepw Ah-ti-jn-¨n-«n-Ã-tÃm. F´n-\n-[nIw ]d-bp-¶p. Ch-
´w awK-f-I-c-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m ChnsS kÀÆ {]Y-a-ambn bpsS C{µn-b - § Ät]mepw \ntÝ-j vS - a m-b n-c n-¡ p-¶ p.
HmwIm-tcm-¨m-c-W-t¯m-Sp-IqSn D]-\n-j-¯m-cw-`n¡p-¶p. Chbv¡v KÀ`-[m-c-W-ti-jn-t]mepw H«p-an-Ã-sÃm. sImÅmw,
C{]-Imcw \ncÀ°-Ihpw ac-W-t¯m-S-Sp-¯n-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-amb
bmsXm-cp- Imew `mc- X-hÀj-¯nsâ ]hn- {Xm- Imiw bÚ-
tKm¡Ä Ahsb sIm­p-t]m-Ip¶ {_mÒ-W-cpsS hoSp-I-
[q-a-§-fmepw Ah-bpsS ]hn-{X-ku-c-`y-¯mepw ]cn-]qÀ®-
fn ZpxJ- a-ÃmsX asä´p kw`m-h\ sN¿pw? \ap¡p kz´-
am-bn-cp-¶pthm XymK-aqÀ¯n-If - mb Ejn-ap-\n-am-cm ]mS-
ambn kpJw e`n-¡p-¶Xpw em`-Ic - -am-bXpw {]nb-s¸-«Xpw
s¸« thZ-a-{´-§-fpsS Znhy-[z-\n-If - m FÃm Zn¡p-Ifpw
Bb hkvXp-¡sf thWw Zm\w sN¿p-hm³. AXp-t]mse
apJ-cn- X-am- bn-cp-¶pthm B Ime- ¯p-­mb {]kn-²- amb Hcp
Zm\w BÀ¡p \ÂI-s¸-Sp-¶pthm AhÀ¡pw em`hpw KpW-
CXn-lm-k-am-Wn-Xv. KuXa hwio-b-\mb hmP-{i-hm-ß- P-a-
I-chpw {]nb-s¸-«-Xp-am-bn-cn-¡-Ww. ZpxJ-Zm-bnbpw D]-tbm-
lÀjn Acp-Wsâ ]p{X³ AsÃ-¦n A¶-Zm-\w-sIm­p
K-iq-\y-hp-amb hkvXp-¡Ä Zm\w sN¿p-¶Xv Zm\-¯nsâ
alm-IoÀ¯n k¼m-Zn¨ (hm-P-þ-A-¶w. {ih-þ- A-Xnsâ Zm\-
t]cn \S-¯-s¸-Sp¶ h©-\-bm-Ip-¶p. AXp kzoI-cn-¡p-
¯m k¼m-Zn¨ bi-Ê)v alÀjn-bmb Acp-Wsâ ]p{X-
¶-h-tcbpw h©n-¡p-I-bmWp sN¿p-¶ -Xv. C{]-Im-c-apÅ
\mb D±m-eI alÀjn ^em-`n-em-j-t¯m-Sp-IqSn "hnizPvXv'
Zm\w-sIm­v ZmXm-hn\p kpJw teiwt]m-ep-an-Ãm¯ \oN-
F¶p-t]-cpÅ Hcp alm-bÚw \S-¯n. Cu bÚ-¯nÂ
tbm-\n-Ifpw \c-ImZn temI-§-fp-a-ÃmsX asäm¶pw e`n-¡p-
Xsâ kÀÆ-kzhpw At±-l-¯n\p Zm\w sNt¿-­-Xmbn
¶n-Ã. ]nXmhv Cu Zm\w-sIm­v F´p-kpJw k¼m-Zn¡pw?
h¶p. AXn-\m D±m-eI - ³ Xsâ kÀÆ k¼¯pw EXzn-
ChÀ kÀÆ-kz-Zm-\-cq-]n-bmb bÚw \S-¯n-bn«pw D]-Im-
¡p-IÄ¡pw kZ-kyÀ¡pw Z£n-W-bmbn \evIn. D±m-e-I\
c-{]-Z-§-fmb tKm¡sf F\n-¡p-th­n kq£n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
\Nn-tI-XÊv F¶ t]cn {]kn-²-\mb Hcp ]p{X-\p-­m-bn-
AXv XnI¨pw sXäp-X-s¶- bm-W-sÃm. Rm\m-WsÃm At±-l-
cp-¶p.
¯nsâ kÀÆ-kz-hpw. Fs¶ Zm\-am-bn-«-t±lw sImSp-¯p-
2. Xwl Ipamcw k´w Z£n-Wmkp an-Ã. F¶m Rm³ At±-l-¯nsâ ]p{X-\m-W.v AXp-sIm-
\ob-am-\ pkp ­p-Xs¶ Rm³ ]nXm-hns\ Cu A\n-jvS-Im-cn-bmb ]cn-
{i²mhnth-i. tkma\y-X . Wm-a-¯nÂ\n¶pw c£n-¡p-¶-Xn\p kzbw _en-bÀ¸n-¡pw.
Fsâ ISa CXp-X- s¶- bm-Ip-¶p.
B Ime¯p {][m-\-[-\-ambn IW-¡m-¡n-bn-cp-¶Xp
tKm[-\a - m-bn-cp-¶p. D±m-e-I\v AXp [mcm-f-ap-­m-bn-cp-¶p. 4. k tlmhmN ]nXcw XX Ikvssa amw
tlmXm- hv, A[z- cyp, {_Òm- hv, DZvKm- Xmhv ChÀ \mepw {][m\ Zmky-k o-Xn.
EXzn-¡p-I-fm-bn-cp-¶p. ChÀ¡v Gähpw IqSp-X tKm¡sf ZznXobw XrXobw Xw tlmhmN arXyth
Z£n- W-bmbn \ÂI-W-sa-¶-Xm-bn-cp¶p A¶s¯ Xocp-am- Xzm ZZm-ao-Xn.
\w. {]im-kvXm, {]Xn-{]- Ø-Xm, {_Ò-Wm-Ñw- kn, {]kvtXmXm
Cu \mev A{]-[m\ EXzn-¡p-IÄ¡v {][m-\n-IÄ¡p sImSp- C{]-Imcw \nÝ-bn-¨p-sIm­v Ah³ ]nXm-hn-t\mSp
¯-Xnsâ ]Ip-Xn-ho-Xhpw AÑm-hm-I, t\jvSm, Aáo-[vd, ]dªp þ ""]nXmth! Rm\tà A§-bpsS [\w, A§v
{]Xn-lÀ¯m þ Cu \mev A{]-[m-\n-IÄ¡v apJy-·mÀ¡p- Fs¶ BÀ¡p sImSp-¡p¶p?'' ]nXmhv bmsXmcp adp-]-
sIm-Sp-¯- Xnsâ aq¶n- sem¶pw {Kmh-kvXp-X, t\Xm, tlmXm, Snbpw ]d-ªn-Ã. At¸mÄ \Nn-tI-X-Êv, ho­pw ]dªp þ
kp{_-ÒWy Cu \mev A{]-[m-\-·mÀ¡v apJy-·mÀ¡p ""]nXm- th, Fs¶ BÀ¡p-sIm- Sp- ¡p¶p?'' ]n#m- Xhv Cu {]mh-
sImSp-¯-Xnsâ \men-sem¶p hoXhpw tKm¡sf Z£n- W- iyhpw au\-am-bn-cp-¶-tX-bp-Åq. ]s£ A[À½- `o-cphpw
bmbn sImSp-¡-Ww. \nb-a-{]-Imcw ChÀs¡Ãmw Z£nW ]p{X-[À½w Fs´-¶-dn-ªn-cp-¶-h-\p-amb \Nn-tI-X-Ên\v
\evIp- ¶- Xn\p tKm¡sf sIm­p-h-¶-t¸mÄ _me- \mb \Nn- H«pw kln-¡ m³ Ign-ª n-Ã . Ah³ aq¶mw-h -«hpw
tI-XÊv Ahsb I­p. Ah-bpsS Zb-\o-b-amb \ne I­- tNmZn¨p þ ""]nXmth! A§v Fs¶ BÀ¡p-sIm-Sp-¡p¶p?''
t¸mįs¶ Ahsâ lrZ-b-¯n `ànbpw BkvXn-Iy- Cu {]mhiyw alÀjn t{Im[m-hn-jvS-\mbn ]dªp þ
`m-hhpw D­m-bn. Ah³ Nn´n-¡p-hm³ XpS-§n. ""\ns¶ arXyp-hn\p sImSp-¡pw.''

N P
 41

I kw_Ôw þ CXp-tI«v \Nn-tI-XÊv am\-kn-I-ambn Nn´n-
¡p-hm³ XpS§n þ
5. _lq-\m-taan {]Ytam _lq-\m-taan a[y-ax
Inw kznZy-aky IÀ¯hyw b·-amZy
Icn-jy-Xn.
]p{X-·mcpw injy·mcpw aq¶n-\-¯nÂs¸-Sp¶p; D¯-
a³, a[y-a³, A[- a³. bmsXm- cp-¯³ Kpcp-hn-tâtbm ]nXm-
hn- tâtbm at\m-cYw Adnªv Ah-cpsS \nÀt±iw IqSmsX
Xs¶ Ah-cpsS at\m-cYw km[n-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡p-¶ pthm
Ah³ D¯a hÀ¤- ¯ nÂs¸- S p- ¶ p. BÚ e`n- ¨ -
Xn\ptijw {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-h³ a[y-a-hÀ¤-¯nepw Adn-
ªn«pw \nÀt±- in- ¨n«pw {]hÀ¯n- ¡p- hm³ X¿m-dn-Ãm-¯- h³
A[-a-hÀ¤-¯n-epw-s]-Sp-¶p. Rm³ hf-sc-b-[nIw injy·m-
cp-Å -X n {]Y-a-t{i-Wn-bnÂs¸-Sp¶p; AtX-c o-Xn-b nÂ
{]hÀ¯n-¡ p-¶p. hf-s c-b-[nIw injy-·mÀ a[y-hÀ¤-
¯nÂs¸Sp¶p; AXn³{]-Im-chpw Rm³ BN-cn-¨p-h-cp-¶p.
A[-a-hÀ¤-¯n Rms\m-cn-¡epw s]Sp-¶n-Ã. BÚ e`n-
¨n«v AX-\p-k-cn¨p Rms\m-cn-¡epw {]hÀ¯n-¡m-Xn-cp-¶n-
«n-Ã. ]ns¶ ]nXmhv C{]-Imcw Ft¶m-Sp-]-d-bp-hm³ Imc-W-
sa´v? Hcp hnh-chpw In«p-¶n-Ã. arXyp-tZ-h\v C¶v Fs¶
Zm\w sNbvXv, F´p {]tbm-P\w D­m-¡p-hm-\mWv ]nXm-
hm-{K-ln-¡p-¶Xv?
kw_Ôw þ Hcp ]t£ ]nXmhv t{Im[m-th-i-¯m ]d-
ªp- t]m-b- Xm-bn- cn-¡mw. Fs´-¦n-ep-am-I-s«. At±-l-¯nsâ
hm¡p ]men-t¡-­n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. ChnsS ]nXmhv ]Ým-¯-
]n-¡p-¶ -Xmbpw ImWp-¶p. AXp-sIm­v At±-l s¯
km´z- \-s¸-Sp-t¯-­- Xm-h-iy-am-W.v C{]-Imcw Nn´n¨v \Nn-
tI-XÊv GIm-´-X-bn-en-cn-¡p¶ ]nXm-hnsâ kao-]¯ - p-
sN¶v At±-l¯ - nsâ timI-\n-hr-¯n-¡p-th­n C{]-Im-c-
apÅ Bizmk hN-\-§Ä ]dªp þ
t¡­ Bh-iy-an-Ã. A§v timIs¯ XyPn¨v A§-bpsS K
kXys¯ ]men-¡p- ¶-Xn\v A\p- h-Zn-¨m- epw. ]p{Xsâ hm¡p-
IÄ tI«-t¸mÄ D±m-e- I\v AXy´w ZpxJ-ap-­m- bn. F¶mÂ
\Nn-tI-X-Ênsâ kXy-]-cm-b-WX I­v At±lw Ahs\
ba-cm-Psâ ASp-¡-te-bv¡-b-¨p. ba-k-Z-\-¯n-se-¯n-bX - n-
\p-ti-jta \Nn-tI-X- Ên\v ba³ Fhn-tStbm t]mbn-cn-¡p-
I-bm-sW¶p a\-Ên-em-bp-Åq. AXn-\m aq¶p- Zn-hkw hsc
\Nn-tI-XÊv A¶hpw Pehpw Ign-¡msX ba-cm-Pm-hns\
{]Xo-£n- ¨n-cp-¶p. ba-cm-P³ aS-§n-h¶- -t¸mÄ At±-l-
¯nsâ ]Xv\n ]dªp þ
7. sshizm\c: {]hn-i-Xy-Xn-YnÀ
{_mÒtWm Krlm³
XsskyXmw im´nw IpÀh´n lc
sshh-kz-tXm-Z-Iw.
km£m Aán-X-s¶tbm F¶p tXm¶p-amcp tXP-
kvkn-\m t{]mÖz- en-X- \mb {_mÒ- W³ AXn-Yn- bpsS cq]-
¯n Krl¯n Fgp-¶Ånbncn-¡p-¶p. km[p-lr-Z-b-
\mb Krl-س Xsâ \·-bv¡p-th­n B AXn-Yn-cq-]n-
bmbn Aánsb im´- am-¡p-¶-Xn\v Ah\p Pew (AÀLy-
]m-ZymZn) sImSp-¯p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\mÂ, AÃtbm
kqcy-] p{X A§v B {_mÒW _mesâ ]mZ-§ Ä
IgpIp¶Xn\v AXn-thKw Pew sIm­ph-¶m-epw. Fs´-
¶m AXnYn XpSÀ¨-bmbn aq¶p-Zn-hkw A§sb {]Xo-
£n¨p \ncm-lm-c-\m-bn-¡-gn-bp-¶p. A§v Ahs\ ip{iq-jn-
¡p-sa- ¦n Ah³ im´-\m-Ipw.
8. Bim-{]-Xot£ kwKXw kq\rXmw N
CjvSm]qÀt¯ ]p{X-]-iqwÝ kÀhm³
GXZv hrMvtà ]cp-j-kym-ev]-ta-[tkm
bkym-\-iv\³ hk´n {_mlvatWm Krtl.

6. A\p]iy bYm ]qÀtÆ {]Xn-]iy XYm-]tc bmsXm-cp- cp- ¯sâ `h-\- ¯n AXn-Yn-{_-lva-W³ hni-
t¸m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm aµ-_p-²n-bmb B a\p-jy³
kky-anh aÀXy: ]NytX kky-
Ah³ ]qÀ®-am-bm-in-¨n-cn-¡p¶ bmsXm-¶pw-Xs¶ e`y-am-
an-hm-Pm-btX ]p\:
Ip-¶n-Ã. Hcp ]s£ Fs´- ¦nepw In«-I-bm-sW-¦n¯s¶
]nXmth! \½psS ]nXm-a-l-·m-cmb ]qÀÆ-·m-cpsS BN- AXnÂ\n¶pw bmsXmcp KpWhpw kn²n-¡ p- I -b n-Ã .
c-W-§Ä t\m¡n-bm-epw. A{X-t]m-se-Xs¶ C¡m- e-¯pÅ Ahsâ hm¡p-If - nÂ\n¶pw kuµ-cyhpw kXyhpw am[p-
aäp t{ijvT ]cp-j-·m-cpsS {]hÀ¯-\-§-tfbpw {i²n-¡p- cyhpw AI-¶ p-t ]m-Ip-¶p. AXm-X -b Xv at\m-l camb
I. Ah-cpsS Ncn-{X-§-fn ]­pw Ct¸mgpw AkXyw `mjW§-fnÂ\n-¶pÅ kpJ-t]mepw Ah\p e`y-am-Ip-¶n-
F¶Xv Hcn-¡epw kw`-hn-¨n-t«-bn-Ã. Atbm-Ky-·m-cmb a\p- Ã. Ahsâ bPvR-Zm-\mZn CjvSIÀ½-§fpw InW-dv, Ipfw,
jyÀ am{Xta Ak-Xym-N- c- W- §- fn Ign-bp- ¶p- Åq. F¶m [À½- ime apXm-e-b- hbpw Ah-bpsS ^e-§fpw \jvSs¸«p-
B A[À½-§ÄsIm­v BÀ¡pw AP-c\pw Aa-c\pw t]m-Ip-¶p. AXp-am-{X-aÃ, AXn-Ynsb k¡- cn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-
BIp-hm³ Ign-bp-I-bn-Ã. a\p-jy³ ac-W-kz-`m-h-t¯m-Sp- ¶-Xp-sIm­v Ahsâ ]qÀÆ-]p-Wy-{]m-]vX-§-fmb ]p{X-
Iq-Sn-b-h-\-t{X. a\p-jy³ [ym\-§-sf-t¸mse Pcm-PoÀ®- ·mcpw tKm¡fpw [\hpw \in-¨-t]m-hp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
ambn \in-¡p-Ibpw [m\y-§-sf-t¸m-se-Xs¶ IÀ½-h-imÂ
kw_-Ôw-þ -]-Xv\n-bpsS hm¡p-I tI«-bp-S³Xs¶ [À½-
]p\ÀÖ·w FSp-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
cm-P³ AXn-thKw \Nn-tI-X-Ênsâ ASp¯p sNÃp-Ibpw
kw_Ôw þ Cu A\nXy Pohn-X-¯n-\p-th­n a\p-jy³ AÀLy-]m-Zym-Zn-I-fm bYm-hn[n Ahs\ ]qPn-¡p-Ibpw
Hcn- ¡epw IÀ¯-hy-§sf XyPn- ¨n«v anYymN-cWw A\p-jvTn- sNbvXp-sIm­v ]d-ªp-Xp-S-§n.

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 42

I 9. Xnkvtdm cm{XoÀb-Z-hm-ÕoÀKrtl ta 12. kzÀ¤ temI \ `bw InwN-\mkvXn K

A\-iv\³ {_Ò-¶ -Xn-YnÀ\-aky: \ X{Xw Xzw \ Pcbm _nt`-Xn.
\akvtX kvXp{_-Ò³ kzkvXnta kvXp Dt` XoÀ¯zm-i-\m-bm-]n-]mtk
ßmXv {]Xn {Xo³ hcm³ hrWo-jz. timIm-XntKm tamZtX kzÀ¤-tem-tI.
{_Ò-W- tZh! A§p \akv¡mcmZn k¡m-c-§Ä¡p- 13. k Xzaánw kzÀ¤y-a-t[yjn artXym
tbmKy-\mb Fsâ AXn-Yn-bm-Ip¶p. F¶m km[n-¡p- {]{_q ln Xzw {i±-[m-\mb alyw.
¶n-S-t¯mfw A§sb k¡-cn¨p kt´m- jn-¸n-¡p- ¶- Xn\p
kzÀ¤-temIm AarXvXzw `P´
Rm\m- in- ¡p- ¶p. Fsâ t\m«-¡p-d- hp- sIm­v aq¶p-Zn-h-k- §-
tfmfw A§v A\-i-\m-\mbn Ign-tb-­n-h¶ - n-cn-¡p-¶p. `K- GXZv ZznXo-tb\ hrtW htc-W.
hmt\, Fsâ sXäp-IÄ £an-¡p¨v F\n¡v awKfcptf- kzÀ¤-temIw hfsc kpJ-Ic - hpw bmsXmcp `b-¸m-Sp-
Wta. A§v Hmtcm cm{Xn¡p ]I-c-am-bn«v F¶nÂ\n¶pw I-fn-Ãm-¯-Xp-am-sW¶p Rm\-dn-bp-¶p. kzÀ¤-tem-I-¯nÂ
At§-b-¡n-jvS-apÅ aq¶p hc-§Ä tNmZn-¨-epw. Bcpw hr²m-h-Ø -sb {]m]n-¡p-¶n-Ã. aÀ¯y-tem-I-¯nÂ
kw_-Ô w-þ -X-t]m-aqÀ¯n-bmb {_Ò-W- _m-esâ A\-i-\- A§-bm Bfp-IÄ acn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse Bcpw acn-¡p-¶n-
¯m `oX-\m-bn«v [À½-PvR-\mb ba-cm-P³ C{]Imcw ]d- Ã, AhnsS ac-W-Im-e-th-Z-\-I-sfm-¶pw-X-s¶-bn-Ã. ChnsS
ª-t¸mÄ Xsâ ]nXm-hn\v awK-f-ap-­m-I- W-sa-¶pÅ Bi- Pnhn-IÄ hni¸pw Zml-hpw-sIm­v I¯p-¶-Xp-t]mse
tbm-Sp-IqSn \Nn-tI-XÊv ]d-ªpþ AhnsS kw`-hn-¡p-¶nÃ. Ahn-Ss¯ \nhm-kn-IÄ timI-
§sf XcWw sNbvXp \nXy ku`mKyw A\p-`hn¡p¶p.
10. im´-k-¦ev]x kpa\m bYm kymþ F¶m B kzÀ¤w AKv\n-hn-PvRm\w t\SmsX e`n-¡p-
ZzoX-a-\ypÀKu-X tam am`n-a rtXym ¶n-Ã. AÃtbm arXyp-tZ-h, A§v B kzÀ¤¯nsâ km[-
XzXv{]-krjvSw am`n-h-tZXv {]XoX \m-`q-X-amb AKv\nsb bYmÀ°-cq-]-¯n Adn-bp-¶p.
F\n¡v B Aán-hn-Zy-bnepw A§bnepw Aan-X-amb
GX-¯vd-bmWmw {]Yaw hcw hrtW.
hnizm-khpw `ànbpw D­v. `à³ XXz-¯nsâ Ah-Im-
arXyp-tZ-h, aq¶p hc-§-fn BZy-t¯Xp Rm³ tNmZn- in-bm-Ip-¶p-hsÃm. AXn-\m A§v Ir]-tXm¶n F\n¡v
¡p-¶p. KuXa hwio-b-\mb Fsâ ]nXmhv D±m-eI - ³ B Aán-hn-Zy-bpsS D]-tZiw \ÂIn-bm-epw. AXp {Kln-
t{Im[m-hn-jSv -\mbn Fs¶ A§-bpsS ASp-¡-te-¡-b¨n«v ¨n«v Bfp-IÄ kzÀ¤-tem-I-¯n hkn¨v Aar-X-Xz-s¯-þ-
Ct¸mÄ Aim-´\pw ZpxJn- X-\p- am-bn-¯oÀ¶n- cn- ¡p-¶p. F\n- A-a-c-Xz-s¯-þ-{]-]n-¡-s«. CXv Fsâ c­m-as¯ hc-ambn
¡p-th­n At±lw t{Im[-c-ln-X\pw im´- Nn-¯\pw kZm A§-tbmSp bmNn-¡p-¶p.
k´p-jvS-\p-am-bn-¯o-c-Ww. IqSmsX A§-bpsS A\p-a-Xn-
kw_-Ô w- þ- At¸Ä ba-cm-P³ ]d-ªpþ
e-`n¨v Rm³ Krl-¯n Xncn-¨p-sN-Ãp-t¼mÄ At±lw
Fs¶ kz´w ]p{X- \mb \Nn-tI-XÊv F¶ cq]-¯n Xncn- 14. {] tX {_hoan XZp ta \nt_m[
¨-dnªv Ft¶mSp ]qÀÆ-hXv kvt\l-t¯m-Sp-IqSn kwkm- kzÀKym-aánw \Nn-tIXx {]-Pm-\³
cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿-Ww.
A\-´-tem-Im-]XnatYm {]XnjvTmw
kw_-Ô w-þ -b-a-cm-P³ ]d-ªpþ hn²n Xztahw \nlnXw Kplmbmw
11. bYm ]pc-kvXmZv `hnXm {]XoX AÃtbm \Nn-tI-XtÊ Rm³ B kzÀ¤-¯nsâ km[-
Hu±me- In-cm-cp-W nÀa-Xv {]-k rjvS : \m-cq-]n-bmb AKv\n-hn-Zysb \Ã-Xp-t]mse Adn-bp-¶p.
kpJw cm{Xo: ibn-Xm hoX-a\yp AXns\ AXnsâ bYmÀ°cq]-¯n \n\-¡p-]-tZ-in-X- cp-
¶p. \o CXns\ \¶mbn {Kln-¨p-sIm-Åp-I. Cu AKv\n-
kvXzmw ZZr-in-hm-·r-Xyp-ap-JmXv {]ap-àw.
hnZy A\-´hpw hn\m-i-cl - n-X-tem-Is¯ {]]n-¡p-¶-Xn-
arXyp-h-Iv{X-¯nÂ\n¶p tamN\w t\Sn Krl-¯n aS- \pXIp¶-Xp-am-Ip-¶p. AXnsâ kzcq]w Akm[mc-W-am-Ip-
§n-sb-¯p¶ \n§sf ImWp-t¼mÄ, Fsâ t{]c-W-bm ¶p. F¶m AXv AXy´w Kp]vX-am-sW¶p \o [cn-¨p-
\n§-fpsS ]nXm-hmb Acp-W- ]p-{X³ D±m-e-I³ hfsc {]k- sIm-Åp-I. hnZzm-·m-cpsS _p²n-cq-]-am-Ip¶ Kpl-bn AXv
¶-\m-Ip-Ibpw \n§sf kz´w ]p{X-\m-sW¶p Xncn-¨-dn-bp- Hfnªp hkn-¡p-¶p.
Ibpw ]qÀÆ-h Xv kvt \ln-¡ p-I bpw At±-l -¯ nsâ
kw_-Ô w-þ -C{Xbpw ]d-ªn«v ba-cm-P³þ
t{Im[hpw ZpxJhpw im´- am- hp-Ibpw sN¿pw. \n§sf e`n-
¡p-¶-Xp-sIm­p taen At±lw kpJ-ambn \n{Z-sN-¿pw. 15. temIm-Zn-aánw Xap-hmN Xkvssa
kw_-Ô w- þ -Cu hcw e`n-¨-t¸mÄ \Nn-tI-XÊv ]d-ªp,tl bm CjvSIm bmh-XoÀhm bYm hm
ba-cmP! k Nm]n XXv{]-Xy-h-Z-Zy-tYm-àþ

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 43
I aYmky arXypx ]p\-tc-hml XpjvSx
taÂ{]-Imcw Aán-hn-Zy-bpsS almXvayhpw tKm]-\o-b-
Xbpw ]d- ª-sIm-Sp-¯n«v AKv\ntZ- h³ kzÀ¤-tem-I-¯nsâ
Imc-W-kz-cq-]-amb AKv\nhn-Zy-bp-sS- clkyw \Nn-tI-X-
Êns\ {Kln-¸n-¨p. AKv\n¡pÅ IpÞ-\nÀ½m-W-¯nÂ,
BImcw F{]-Im-c-am-bn-cn-¡-Ww, CjvSnI F{X-sb®w
thWw, AXp-t]mse Aán-bpsS Nb\w F{]-Imcw \S-
¯Ww þ F¶n-h-sbÃmw hfsc X·-bX - z-t¯msS {Kln-¸n-
¨p. XZ-\ -´cw \Nn-tI-X-Ê nsâ _p²n-tbbpw kvarXn-
tbbpw ]co-£n-¡p-¶ -Xn-\ p-th­n ba-c m-P³ ]dªp
""\n§Ä {Kln-¨n-S-t¯mfw Fs¶ Hcp {]mhiyw tIĸn-
¡p.'' Xo£vW-_p-²n-bmb \Nn-tI-XÊv AXp-tI-«n-«v, Ah³
F{]-Imcw bYmÀ°w {Kln-¨n-cp-¶pthm AtX-{]-Imcw
Xs¶ ]d-ªp-tIĸn-¨p. ba-cm-P\v Ah-sâ Akm-[m-c-W-
amb kvarXnbpw {]Xn-`bpw I­v AXy´w kt´m-j-ap-­m-
bn. A\-´cw ]dªp:
16. Xa-{_-hoXv {]ob-amtWm almßm
hcw Xth-lmZy ZZman `qbx
Xsshh \mav\m `hn-Xm-b-aán:
kr¦mw tNam-a-t\-I-cq]mw Krlm-W.
alm-ßm-hmb ba-cm-P³ AXy´w {]k-¶-\mbn \Nn-
tI-X-Ên-t\mSp ]dªp þ \n§-fpsS A{]-Xn-a-amb tbmKyX
I­n«v F\n¡v AXy-[nIw kt´mjw tXm¶p-¶p. CXp
ImcWw Hcp hcw \n§Ä Bh-iy-s¸-SmsX Xs¶ Rm³
Xcp-¶p. AXv CXm-Ip-¶p. ""Rm³ \n\-¡p-]-tZ-in¨p X¶n-cn-
¡p¶ Cu Aán \nsâ t]tcm-Sp-IqSn¯s¶ {]kn-²-am-bn-
¯o-c pw.'' AtXm-S p-I qSn CXpw kzoI-c n-¨ p-s Im-Å p-I .
\n§Ä¡p kz´w tZh-Xz-{]m-]vXn-¡p-th-­n-bpÅ At\-I-
cq-]-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb hnhn-[-bÚ
- -hn-Úm-\-cq-]n-bmb Cu
cXv\-ame Rm³ Xcp-¶p. CXp kzoI-cn-¨m-epw.
kw_Ôw þ B Aán-hn-Zy-bpsS ^es¯ ba-cm-P³
hÀ®n-¨p-sIm­p ]d-bp-¶p:
17. {XnWm-Nn-tI-X-kv{Xn-`n-tcXy kÔnw
{XnIÀ½-IrXv XcXn P·-arX
{_Ò-PÚw tZh-aoUyw hnZnXzm
\nNmt¿ amw im´n-a-Xy-´-ta-Xn.
Cu Aánsb aq¶p {]mhiyw A\p-jvTn- ¡p- ¶- h³ E¡v,
bPp-Êv, kmaw Cu aq¶p-th-Z-§-fp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«n«v aq¶p-
th-Z-§-fp-tSbpw XXz-c- l-ky-§-fn \njvIm-X-\m-bn, \njvIm-
a-`m-h-t¯m-Sp-IqSn bÚw, Zm\w, X]w F¶o aq¶p IÀ½-
§-tfbpw A\p-jvTn-¨p-sIm­p P\-\-a-c-W-km-K-c-¯n\v
A¡sc IS-¡p-¶p. {_Òm-hnÂ\n¶v DÛ-gn¨ krjvSn-Isf
Adn- bp¶ kvXh-\o-b-\mb Cu Aán-tZ-hs\ \Ã-Xp-t]mse
Adn-ªn«v Aánsb \njv¡m-a`- m-h-t¯m-S-bp-IqSn Nb\w kw_Ôw þ \Nn-tI-X-Ênsâ al-Xz-]qÀ®-amb tNmZyw
sNbvXv F\n¡p e`y-amb A\-´-im´n bmsXm-¶mtWm tI«v ba- cm-P³ B´cm Ahs\ {]iw- kn- ¨p. At±lw Nn´n-
AXns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
N P
18. {XnWm-Nn-tI-X-kv{X-b-ta-X-Zzn-ZnXzm K
b Ghw hnZzmw-Ýn-\ptX \mNn-tIXw
k arXyp]mim³ ]qcX: {]tWmZy
timIm-XntKm tamZtX kzÀ¤-tem-tI.
GXm-Ir-Xn-b n F§-s\-bpÅ CjvSn-I-I Ä, F{X-
sb®w thWw, F{]-Imcw Aánsb Nb\w sN¿Ww þ
Cu aq¶p kwK-Xn- Ifpw icn¡p a\-Ên- em-¡n-bn-«v, bmsXmcp
hnZzm³ aq¶p-h«w \mNn-tI-Xm-án-hn-Zysb \njvIm-a-`m-h-
t¯m-Sp-IqSn A\p-jvTm\w sN¿p-¶pthm þ Aánsb kam-
l-cn-¡p-¶pthm þ Ah³ tZlm-´- ¯n\p apt¼-Xs¶ arXyp-
]m-is¯ XIÀ¯n«v timI-c-ln-X-\mbn Ah-km\w kzÀ¤-
tem-I-¯nse B\-µs¯ A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p.
19. Gj tXKv\nÀ\-Nn-tIXx kzÀtKym
ba-hr-WoYm ZznXo-tb\ htcW
GX-aKv\nw Xsshh {]h-£y´n P\m-kþ
kvXrXobw hcw \Nn-tItXm hrWo-jz.
ba-cm-P³ ]d-bp-¶p. tl \Nn-tI-XÊp \o c­m-as¯
hc-¯n Bh-iy-s¸-«-X-\p-k-cn¨v B kzÀ¤-{]m-]vXn¡pÅ
km[\m-cq-]-amb Aán-hn-Zysb D]-tZ-in¨p X¶n-cn-¡p-¶p.
C¶p-ap-X Bfp-IÄ \nsâ t]cn¯s¶ Cu Aánsb
hnfn-¡pw. \Nn-tI-XtÊ C\n aq¶m-as¯ hcw Bh-iy-s¸-
«p-s Im-Åp-I.
kw_Ôw þ \Nn-tI-XÊv aq¶m-as¯ hcw bmNn-¡p-¶p.
20. tbbw t{]tX hnNn-InÕm a\ptjy
kvXotXytI \mb-a-kvXoXn ssNtI
GX- Zzn-Zym-a\pinjvS -kvX z-bmlw
hcm-Wm-taj hc-kvX r-Xobx
Cu temI-kp-J-§Ä¡p-th­n ]nXm-hns\ kt´m-jn-
¸n- ¡p-¶-Xn- \pÅ hchpw ]c-tem-I-¯n- \p-th­n kzÀ¤ km[-
\m-cq-]-amb Aán-hn-Úm-\-h-chpw {]m]n-¨n-«v, \Nn-tI-XÊv
Bßm-hnsâ bYmÀ° kzcq-]hpw AXns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶-
Xn-\pÅ D]m-bhpw {Kln-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n ba-cm-Psâ
ap¼n aäp-Å- h-cp-tS-Xmb c­- `n-{]m-b-§Ä Ah-X-cn-¸n-¨n«v
At±-l-¯nsâ A\p- `q-X-hn-Nmcw Adn- bp-hm- \m-{K- ln-¡p- ¶p.
AXn-\m \Nn-tI-XÊv ]d-bp¶p: `K-h³, acn¨ a\p-jysc
kw_-Ôn¨v Hcp henb ktµlw \ne-hn-ep- ­v. ac-W-tijw
Bßm-hnsâ AkvXnXzw Ds­¶p Nnecpw Csöp aäp-
Nn-ecpw hmZn-¡p-¶p. CXp kw_- Ôn- ¨pÅ A§bpsS A\p-
`-h -Úm\w Acp-f n-s ¨-b vX m-e pw. A§-bpsS D]-tZ-i -
¯nÂ\n¶pw CXnsâ clkyw Rm³ icn-bmbpw {Kln-¨p-
sIm-Åmw. aq¶p hc-§-fn F\n-¡-`o-jvS-amb hcw Cu
aq¶m-a-t¯-Xm-Ip-¶p.
¨p. Ejn-Ip-am-c-\m-sW-¦nepw henb {]Xn-`m-imen Xs¶.
 44
I Fs´Ãmw tKm]-\ob hnj-b-§-fmWv Adn-bp-hm-\m-{K-ln-
¡p-¶Xv? ]s£ Bß-XXzw AXp-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-hm³ Ign-hp-
Å-hÀ¡p thWw D]-tZ-in-¡p-hm³. A\-[n-Im-cn-If - m-b-
hÀ¡v Bß-XXzw D]tZin¡p-¶Xv AXy´w lm\n-I-c-hp-
am-W-tÃm. AXn-\m BZyw ]m{X-]-co-£-W-¯nsâ Bh-
iy-ap­v þ C{]-Imcw Nn´n¨p ba-cm-P³ Cu XXz-¯nsâ
ITn-\X
- -Isf hÀ®n-¨p-sIm­v \Nn-tI-X-Êns\ AXnÂ
\n¶pw ]n´n-cn-¸n-¡p-hm³ {ian-¨p-sIm­p ]dªpþ
21. t`ssh-c{- Xm]n hnNn-In-ÕnXw ]pcm
\ ln kphn-tÚ-b-a-Wp-tcj [À½x
A\yw hcw \Nn-tItXm hrWojz
am tam]-tcm-Õo-cXn am krssP-\w.
\Nn-tI-X-tÊ, Cu Bß-XXzw AXy´w kq£va-hn-j- X-¯n-\p-X-Ip¶ kpJ-t`mK hkvXp-¡sf kzoI-cn-¡q. \qdp
b- am-Ip-¶p. CXp a\- Ên-em-¡pI Ffp- ¸-apÅ Imcy-a- Ã. ]­p \qdp kwhvX-{k-§Ä Pohn-¨n-cn-¡p¶ ]p{X-]u-{Xm-ZnIfS-
tZh-IÄ¡p-t]mepw Cu hnj-b-¯n ktµ-l-ap-­m-bn-cp- §p¶ henb ]cn-hm-c-s¯- tNm-Zn-¨p-sIm-Åq. tKm¡Ä apX-
¶p. Ah-cnepw CXp hfsc hnhm-Z-hn-j-b-am-bn-cp-¶n-«p-­v, embn D]-tbm-K -{]-Z-§ - f mb arK§tfbpw B\-I Ä,
F¶m AhÀ¡pw CXp {Kln-¡p-hm³ km[n-¨n-«n-Ã. AXp-
sIm­p \n§Ä asämcp hcw tNmZn-¨p-sIm-Åp-I. Rm³
aq¶p-hcw Xcm-sa¶p hm¡p-X-¶n-«n- ­- tÃm. AXn-\m Rm³
\n§Ä¡p IS-¡m-c-\p-am-Ip-¶p. F¶m \n§Ä Cu hc-
¯n-\p-th-­n, am\y-\mb Hcp IS-¡m-c-\n k½À±w sNep-
¯p-¶-Xp-t]mse Fs¶ hnj-an-¸n-¡-cp-Xv. Cu Bß-X-Xz-hn-
jbw F\n¡p Xncn¨p Xcq; CXv F\n-¡p-th­n Dt]-
£n-¡q.
kw_Ôw þ \Nn-tI-XÊv Bß-X-Xz-¯nsâ ITn-\X - -IÄ
tI«n«v Aev]w-t]mepw ]cn-{`-an-¨nÃ; Ahsâ DÕmlw aµo-
`-hn-¨n-Ã. adn-¨v, Ah³ H¶p-IqSn ZrV-Xm-]qÀÆw ]dªp þ
22. tZssh-c-{Xm]n hnNn-In-ÕnXw Ine
Xzw N artXym b¶ khn-tÚ-b-am°
hàm Nmky XzmZr-Kt\ym \ et`ym
\mt\ym hc-kvXpey GXky IÝn-Xv.
tl artXym! A§p-Xs¶ CXp ]d-ªp-h-tÃm. ]pcm-X-\-
Im-e¯p tZh-IÄ Cu hnj-bs¯ kw_-Ôn¨v Btem-N-
\-IÄ \S-¯n- bn-cp-s¶¶pw AhÀ¡v AXp {Kln-¡p-hm³
Ign-ªn-söpw Cu hnjbw Ffp-¸-ap-Å-Xà AXy´w
kq£va-am-sW-¶pw. At¸mÄ AXp-sIm-­p-Xs¶ a\-Ên-em-
¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶-Xv, CXp hfsc al-Xz-ta-dnb hnj-b-
am-sW-¶m-Wv. A§-s\-bpÅ alXz ]qÀ®-amb hnj-
bs¯ {Kln-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\v A§-sb-t¸mse A\p-`-h-Úm-
\- apÅ Hcp hàm-hns\ hf- scb[nIw At\z- jn-¨n«pw I­p-
In-«p-hm³ F\n¡p Ign-ªn-söpw Ahn-Sp¶p [cn-¡-Ww.
Ahn-Sp¶p ]d-bp¶p: CXp-t]-£n-¨n«v asäm¶p tNmZn- ¨p-sIm-
Åp-hm³. F¶m CXn-\p-Xp-ey-amb asämcp hcw CsÃ-¶p-
Xs¶ Rm³ hniz-kn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m Ir]m-]qÀÆw CXv
F\n- ¡p-]-tZ-in-¨p-X-¶m-epw.
N P
kw_Ôw þ hnj-b-¯nsâ ImTn\yw I­p \Nn-tI-XÊp K
`b-s¸- «n-Ã. Ah³ Xsâ \nÝ- b-¯n ]g-b- Xp- t]m- se-Xs¶
Dd-¨p-\n-¶p. Cu ]co-£-bn Ah³ hnP-bm-bn-¯oÀ¶p.
At¸mÄ ba-cm-P³ asämcp ]co-£- b psS cq]-¯nÂ
AbmfpsS ap¼n hn`n-¶-§-fmb {]tem-`-\-§Ä \nc-¯n-
sh-b¡ v p-¶-Xn-s\-¸än Nn´n¨p ]dªp XpS§n þ
23. iXm-bpjx ]p{X-]u-{Xm³ hrWojz
_lq³ ]iq³ lkvXn-ln-c-Wym-a-izm³
`qtaÀa-l-Zm-b-X\w hrWojz
kzwb N Poh ictZm bmh-Zn-Ñk - n.
\Nn-tI-X-tÊ, \o hfsc \njvI-f-¦-\m-Ip-¶p. Cu hcw
sIm­v F´p t\«-amWp \n\-¡p-­m-Ip-¶Xv? ZoÀL-Po-hn-
kzÀ®w, IpXn-c-IÄ Ch-bS- -§p¶ hn]p-e-amb km{am-Py-
t¯-¯-s¶bpw tNmZn-¡q. Ch-sbÃmw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-Xn\v
F{X Imew Pohn-¡-Wtam A{Xbpw Imew CjvSw- t]mse
Pohn-¨n-cp- ¶p-sIm-Åq.
24. GX-¯peyw bZn a\ytk hcw
hrWojz hn¯w Nnc-Po-hnImw N
alm`qau \Nn-tI-Xk - vXz-ta[n
Imam\mw Xzm Ima`mPw Itcm-an.
""\Nn-tI- X-tÊ, \o {]Np-c- [\ k¼- ¯v, ZoÀL-Po-hn-X- ¯n-
\p-th-­n-bpÅ kpJ-km-a-{Kn-IÄ, AsÃ-¦n a\p-jyÀ¡v
Bß-X-Xz-hn-j-b¯ - n\p ka-ambn F{X-am{Xw t`mK-§-Ä
t`mKn-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡ptam Ah-sbÃmw tNmZn-¨p-sIm-Åp-
I. \o Cu hnim-e`- a - -WvU-e-¯nsâ N{I-hÀ¯n-bm-bn-
¯s¶ Ign- ªp- sIm- Åp-I. Rm³ \ns¶ kI- e-kp- J- §fpw
CjvSm-\p-k- cWw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h-\m-¡n-¯oÀ¯p-sIm- f-A-
fmw.'' C{]-Imcw ba-cm-P³ Xsâ hmIvNm-Xp-cy- ¯m Bß-
X-Xz-¯nsâ alXzw DbÀ¯n-s¡m­pw \Nn-tI-X-Êns\
hnim-e-t`mK§Ä ImWn¨p {]tem-`n-¸n¨p-sIm-­p-an-cp-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ C{X-bp-am-bn«pw \Nn-tI-XÊp Xsâ \nÝ-b-
¯n Dd-¨pXs¶ \n¶p. At¸mÄ kzÀ¤-¯nse ssZhn-I-
t`mK§sf-¡m-Wn¨p {]tem-`n-¸n-¨p-sIm­v ba-cm-P³ ]d-
ªp.
25. tb tb Imam ZpÀÃ`m aÀXy-temtI
kÀÆm³ Imamw-ivO-µX: {]mÀ°-bkz
Cam cmam: kcYm: kXqcym
\ loZrim ew`-\obm a\pssjy:
B`nÀa-Xv{]-¯m`n: ]cn-Nm-c-bkz
\Nn-tItXm acWw am\p-{]m£o:
 45
I \Nn- tI- X-tÊ, Fs´Ãmw kpJ-§Ä aÀ¯y-tem- I-¯nÂ
ZpÀÃ-`-§-fm-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm Ahsb FÃmw \o CjvSm-\p-
k-cWw tNmZn-¨p-sIm-Åp-I. Cu cY-§-tfbpw hnhn[ Xc-
¯n-epÅ hmZy-§ -tfm-Sp-IqSn kzÀ¤-¯nse kpµ-c -c -a-
WnItfbpw kzoI-cn-¡q. A§-s\-bpÅ kpµ-cn-Isf a\p-
jyÀ¡n-S-bn Hcn-S¯pw ImWpI km[y-a-Ã, henb henb
alÀjn-amÀt]mepw AhÀ¡p-th­n {]tem-`\ hi-K-cm-bn-
¯oÀ¶n-«p-­ v. Ch-sbÃmw \n\¡p Rm³ AXn-thKw
\ÂImw. \o Chsb kzoI-cn¨p aS-§n-t¸m-Iq. Ah-sc-
s¡m­v \nsâ Bh-iy- §Ä \nÀÆ-ln¨p Ign-ªp-sIm-Åq.
F¶m Bß-hn-Zy-sb-¸än am{Xw \o tNmZn-¡-cp-Xv.
kw_Ôw þ ba-cm-P³ injy-sâ-ta kzm`m-hn- I-ambn Zb-
hpÅ alm\p`mhn-bmb BNm-cy-\m-Ip-¶p. At±lw ]co-
£- W-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-¯s¶ `bhpw ]Sn-]-Sn-bm- bpÅ kpJ-t`m-
K-§-fpsS {]tem-`\ - hpw sIm­v, Ipän Cf¡n Dd-¸n-¡p-¶-
Xp-t]mse \Nn-tI-X-Ênsâ sshcm-Ky-k-¼-¶-amb ZrV-\n-
Ý-bs¯ ho­pw IqSp-XÂ Dd-¸n-¨p. BZyw ImTn-\y- ¯nsâ
`bw ImWn-¨p. ]n¶oSv Cu temI-¯nse kpJt`mK-km-a-
{KnIsf Hs¶m-¶m-bp-bÀ¯n-¡m-Wn-¨p. Ah-km\w kzÀ¤-
tem-It- ¯mSpw Ah-\p sshcmKyw D­m-Ip-¶-Xn\v kzÀ¤o-
b-kp-J-t`mK§fpsS Nn{Xhpw Ahsâ ap¼n DbÀ¯n-
¡m-Wn-¨p. A\-´cw ]dªp: "\o Ch-sbÃmw B Bß-X-
Xz-kw-_-Ôn-bmb hc-¯n\p Xpeyw IW-¡m-¡p-¶p-s­-
¦n Ahsb tNmZn-¨p-sIm-Åq. F¶m \Nn-tI-XÊv ZrV-
\n-Ý-b\pw kXy-hm-\p-am-bn- cp-¶p. Cu temI-¯n- tebpw ]c-
tem-I-¯n-tebpw Gähpw henb t`mK-kp-J-§-sf, Bß-
Úm\ kpJ- ¯nsâ Hcp £p{Zmw-i-t¯m-Sp-t]mepw Xpe\w
sN¿p-hm³ km²y-a-söv Ah-\-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-¶p. AXp-Im-
cWw Ah³ Xsâ \nÝ-bs¯ bpàn-]qÀÆw kaÀ°n-
¨p-sIm­v ]qÀ®-ssh-cm-Ky-bp-à-amb hm¡pIfn ba-cm-
P- t\mSp ]dªp þ
26. tizm`mhm aÀ¯yky bZ-´-ssI-XXv
kÀth-{µn-bmWmw Pc-b´n tXP:
A]n kÀhw Pohn-X-a-ev]-tah
Xsshh hmlm-kvXh \rXy-Ko-tX.
AÃtbm kÀÆm-´-I-\mb ba-cm-Pm-th, A§v Fsâ
ap¼n DbÀ¯n-¡m-Wn¨ kpJ-t`mK hkvXp-¡-fpsS aln-
a- I-sfÃmw tIhew £W-`w-Kp-c-§-fm-Ip- ¶p. \msf-hsc \ne-
\n¡ptam F¶p-t]mepw Rm³ kwi-bn-¡p-¶p. Ch-bpsS
kwtbm- K-¯n \n¶p-­m-Ip¶ kpJ-§Ä hmkvX-h-¯nÂ
kpJta AÃ, Ah ZpxJ-a-t{X. Cu t`mKy-h-kvXp-¡Ä
bmsXmcp em`hpw kw`m-h\ sN¿p-¶n-Ã. adn¨p a\p-jysâ
C{µn-b-§-fpsS tXPÊpw [À½hpw lcn-¡p-I-bt{X sN¿p-
¶-Xv.
A§v F\n¡p \ÂIp-hm-\m-{K-ln¨ ZoÀL-Po-hn-Xs¯
A\-´- Ime Pohn-X-t¯mSp Xpe\w sN¿p-t¼mÄ tIhew
Aev]w am{Xta BIp-¶p-Åq. {_Òmhp apX-emb tZh-·m-
N P
cpsS Pohn-Xhpw Aev]-Im-e-t¯¡p am{X-ta-bp-Åq. Hcn- K
¡Â Ahcpw acn-t¡-­n-hc - pw. F¦n aäp-Åh- c
- psS
ØnXn F´m-bn- cn¡pw? AXp- Im-cWw Rm\n-sXm¶pw B{K-
ln-¡p-¶n-Ã. A§-bpsS cY-§Ä, B\, IpXn-c, ca- Wn-amÀ,
Ah-cpS \r¯-§Ä FÃmw A§p-Xs¶ ssIhiw sh¨p-
sIm-Åq.
27. \ hnt¯\ XÀ¸-Wotbm a\ptjym
e]vkym-atl hn¯-a-{Zm£va tNXv Xzm
Pohn-jymtam bmh-Zo-in-jykn Xzw
hc-kvXpta hc-Wobx k Gh.
a\p-jy³ [\w sIm­v Hcn-¡epw Xr]vX-\m-Ip-¶n-söv
A§-dn-bp-¶p. Aán-bn s\¿pw hndIpw CSp-¶-Xp-
sIm­v AXv H¶n- s\m¶p iàn- bmbn Bfn- ¡- ¯p- ¶p. A{]-
Imcw Xs¶ [\-¯n-tâbpw t`mK-¯n-tâbpw {]m]vXn-
sIm­p t`mKm-`n-em-j-Ml v Ä H¶p-IqSn hnim-e-am-bn-¯o-cp-
¶p. AhnsS Xr]vXn F§-s\-bp-­mIpw? AhnsS cmhpw
]Iepw A]qÀ®-X-bp-tSbpw AXr-]vXn-bp-tSbpw Aán
Pzen-¨p-sIm-t­-bn-cn- ¡pw. C{]-Im-c-apÅ ZpxJ-Zm- bn-bmb [\-
t¯bpw t`mK-t¯bpw _p²n-bpÅ BÀ¡pw Bh-iy-s¸-
Sp-hm³ km[y-a-Ã. F\n¡v Fsâ Pohn-Xm-h-iy-§Ä¡mbn
F{X-am{Xw [\w Bh- iy- apt­m A{Xbpw [\w A§-bpsS
ZÀi-\w-sIm­v kzbw {]m]vXa - m-bn-¯o-cpw. ]ns¶-bp-ÅXv
ZoÀL Pohn-X-¯nsâ Imcy-am-Ip-¶p. AXp ac-Wm-h-Ø-
bn A§-bpsS Iev]\ hcp-¶- Xp-hsc F\n¡p ac-Ws¯
`b-s¸-tS­ Bh-iy-an-ÃsÃm! X¡m-c-W-§-fm aäp hcw
tNmZn-¡p-¶Xv DNn-X-am-sW-s¶-\n¡p tXm¶n-bn-Ã. AXn-
\m Fsâ {]mÀ°\ AtX Bß-XXz hnj-b- I-amb hcw
Xs¶- bm-Wv. F\n-¡Xp ]n³h-en-¡p-hm³ km[y-a-Ã.
kw_Ôw þ C{]-Imcw t`mK-§-fpsS XpÑ-X-sb-¸än hÀ®n-
¨n«p \Nn-tI-XÊv Xsâ hc-¯nsâ al-Xz-s¯-¸än ]d-ª-
tijw AXp {]Zm\w sN¿-W-ta-sb¶v ZrV-X-tbm-Sp-IqSn
A`yÀ°n-¡p-¶p þ
28. APo-cy-Xm-a-ar-Xm-\m-ap-t]Xy
Pocy³ aÀ¯y: Iz[xØ: {]Pm-\³
A`n-[ym-b³ hÀ®-c-Xn-{]-tam-Zmþ
\Xn-ZoÀtL PohntX tIm cta-X.
AÃtbm ba-cm-Pm-th, A§p-Xs¶ Acp-fn-s¨-bvXm-epw.
A§-sb-t¸mse AP-c\pw Aa-c\pw Bb alm-ßm-hnsâ
ZpÀÃ-`hpw Atam-L-hp-amb Iq«p e`n-¨n-«v, Pcm-a-cW kz`m-
h- apÅ kv{XoI-fpsS kuµ-cy-¯nepw {IoU-I-fnepw BtamZ
{]tam-Z-§-fnepw Bk-à-cmbn AXp-If - psS t\sc GsX-
¦nepw _p²n-am³ t\m«-an-Sptam? Cu temI-¯n ZoÀL-
Imew Pohn-¡p-¶-Xn Bcv B\µw ImWpw?
29. bkvan-¶nZw hnNn-In-Õ´n artXym
bÕm-\z-cmtb alXn {_pln \kvXXv
 46
I tbmbw htcm KqV-a-\p-{]-hnjvtSm
\m\yw Xkvam-¶-Nn-tIXm hrWo-tX.
\Nn- tI- XÊv ]d-bp¶p þ ""tl ba-cm-P³, GsXmcp Bß-
X-X z-kw-_ -Ôn-bmb alm-Úm-\-s¯-¸-än, ac- Wm-\-´ cw
Bßm-hnsâ BkvXnIyw Dt­m CÃtbm F¶v Bfp-IÄ
kwibw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶p-thm, AXns\ kw_-Ôn¨v \nÀ®-
bm-ß- I-ambn At§bv¡ v A\p-` q-X-amb Úm\s¯
F\n¡v Ir]m-]qÀÆw D]-tZ-in-¨p-XctW. Cu Bß-kw-_-
Ôn-bmb hcw AXy´w KqV-am-Ip-¶p, kXy-am-Ip-¶p.
F¶m A§-bpsS injy-\mb \Nn-tI-XÊv CsXm-gn¨p
asämcp hchpw B{K- ln-¡p-¶n- Ã.''
kw_Ôw þ C{]-Imcw ]co-£-IÄ \S-¯n-¡-gn-ª-t¸mÄ
\Nn-tI-XÊv ZrV-\n-Ýb
- \pw ]c-a-ssh-cm-Ky-hm\pw \nÀ`o-
I\pw {_Ò-hn-Zybv¡v AÀl-\p-am-sW¶p ba-cm-P\p \nÝ-
b-am-bn. AXn-\m {_Ò-hn-tZym-]-tZiw Bcw-`n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-
ap¼v AXnsâ al-Xzs¯ {]I-S-am-¡n-s¡m­v ba-cm-P³
]dªp þ
1. A\y-Ñ-tdtbm\yZp-ssXh t{]bþ
kvtX Dt` \m\mÀt° ]pcpjw kn\oX:
Xtbm: t{ib BZ-Zm-\ky km[p
`hXn lobtXÀ°mZy D t{]tbm hrWotX!!
a\p-jy-i-cocw A\y tbm\n-I-sf-t¸mse IÀ½-^ew
A\p-`-hn-¡m-\m-bn-am{Xw In«n-bn-«p-Å-X-Ã. CXp-sIm­p a\p-
jyÀ¡p `mhn-bn kpJ-k-¼m-Z-\-¯n-\pÅ km[-\-§fpw
A\p-jT v n-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶p. thZ-§-fn kpJ-km-[-\-
§Ä c­mbn \nÀh-Nn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. 1. t{ib-Ê-vþ-A-Xm-bXp
kZm- Im-ehpw FÃm ZpxJ-§-fnÂ\n¶pw thZ-\-I-fnÂ\n¶pw
c£-s¸«v \nXym-\-µ-kz-cq-]-amb ]c-{_-Ò-]p-cp-tjm-¯-as\
{]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ D]m-bw. 2. t{]b-Ê-vþ-A-Xm-bXv kv{Xo,
]p{X³, [\w, amfnI _lp-am-\w, biÊv apX-embn Cu
temI-¯n- tâbpw kzÀ¤-tem-I-¯n-tâ-bp-ambn F{X- am{Xw
{]mIr-X-t`m-K-h-kvXp- ¡- fpt­m Ahsb {]m]n-¡p- ¶- Xn-\pÅ
D]m-bw. C{]-Imcw AXm-Xn-tâ-Xmb coXn-bn a\p-jyÀ¡p
kpJw Zm\w sN¿p-¶-Xn\p Ign-hpÅ Cu c­p km[-\-
Ifpw a\p-jysc _Ô-\-Ø-cm-¡p-¶p. Ahsc AXm-Xp-I-
fpsS t\tc BIÀjn-¡p-¶p. A[nIw Bfp-Ifpw t`mK-§-
fn {]Xy-£hpw Xm¡m-en-Ih - p-amb kpJw Is­-¯p-
¶p. Cu {]oXn Imc-Ww, AXnsâ A´y-s¯-¸än Nn´n-
¡msX t{]b-Ênsâ t\sc BIÀjn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. F¶mÂ
GXm\pw `mKy- hm- ·mÀ `K- hXv Ir]-bm t`mK- §-fpsS B]m-
X-c-a-Wo-b-Xbpw ]cn-Wma ZpxJ-¯nsâ cl-ky-§fpw {Kln-
¨n«v Ah-bnÂ\n¶pw hnc-à-cmbn t{ib-Êm-[-\I - f
- psS
t\tc BIÀjn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Cu c­n-\-¯n- epw-s]« a\p-jy-
cn Bcp `K-hmsâ Ir]m-]m-{X-ambn t{ib-Êns\ X\n-¡p-
th­n Xnc-sª-Sp-¡p-¶p-thm, XÂ]-c-X-tbm-Sp-IqSn AXn-
tâ- Xmb km[-\-I-fn hym]r-X-\mbn Ign-bp-¶pthm Ah\v
FÃm {]Im-c-¯nepw DÅ awKfw D­mIpw. Ah³ Fs¶-
N P
t¶-¡p-ambn FÃm ZpxJ-§-fnÂ\n¶pw apà-\mbn A\-´- K
hpw, Ako-a-hp-amb B\-µk - z-cq] ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-
¡p-¶p. F¶m bmsXm-cp-¯³ kmwkm-cnI kpJ-km-[-
\-If- n apgp-In-¡-gn-bp-¶pthm Ah³ Xsâ am\h Pohn-
X-¯ nsâ ]ca e£y-a mb ]c-a m-ß - {]m-] vX n-c q-] -a mb
bYmÀ° {]tbm-P\w t\Sp-¶n-Ã. AXn-\m Ah\v BXy-
´n-Ihpw \nXy-hp-amb B\µw e`n-¡p-¶n-Ã. Ah-\m-Is«
{`a-h-im kpJ-cq-]-§Ä F¶ tXm¶-ep-­m-¡p¶ A\n-
Xy-t`m-K-§Ä e`n-¡p-¶p. Ah hmkvX-h¯ - n ZpxJ-Zm-bn-
IÄXs¶ Bbn- c n- ¡ p- s a- ¦ nepw Ah³ \nXym- \ - µ -
¯nÂ\n¶pw {`jvS-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
2. t{ibÝ t{]bÝ a\p-jy-ta-Xþ
kvXu kw]-coXy hnhn-\àn [oc:
t{itbm ln [otcm`n t{]btkm hrWotX
t{]tbm atµm tbmK-t£-amZv hrWo-tX.
A[n-I-am-fp-Ifpw ]p\ÀÖ- ·-¯n hnizm-k-an-Ãm-¯-h-
cm-b-Xp-sIm­v Cu hnj-b-§-sf-¸än A[nIw Nn´n-¡m-dn-
Ã. AhÀ t`mK-§-fn Bk-à-cmbn X§-fpsS tZh-ZpÀÃ-
`-amb a\p-jy-Po-hn-X s¯ arK-Xpeyw t`mK-kp-Jm-\p-`h - -
§fn Ah-km-\n-¸n-¡p-¶p. F¶m GhÀ¡p ]p\ÀÖ-
·-¯nepw ]c-tem-I-¯nepw hnizm-k-apt­m B Nn´m-io-
e-cmb a\p-jy-cpsS ap¼n t{ibx t{]bx-{]iv\w hcp-
t¼mÄ AhÀ Ch c­n-t\-bpw-]än icn¡p Nn´n-¡p-Ibpw
Ch c­n-t\bpw ]än {]tXyIw {Kln-¡p-¶-Xn\p {ian-¡p-
Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ch-cn t{ijvT\pw _p²n-k-¼-¶-\p-am-
b-h³ c­n-tâbpw XXzs¯ ]qÀ®-ambn a\-Ên-em¡n \oc-
£o-c-hn-th-In-bmb Ac-b-¶-s¯- t¸mse t{]b-Êns\ Dt]-
£n-¨n«v t{ib-Êns\ kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p. F¶m Aev]-_p-
²n-bmb a\p-jy³ Xsâ hnthI iàn-bpsS A`mhw aqew
t{ib-Ênsâ ^e-§sf Ahn-iz-kn-¡p-Ibpw {]Xy-£- ambn
ImW-s¸-Sp¶ euIn-I-tbm-K-t£-a¯ - n-\p-th-­n, AXnsâ
kn²n-¡p-th-­n, t{]b-Êns\ kz´-am-¡p-Ibpw e`y-amb
t`mK-h-kvXp-¡Ä kpc-£n-X-ambn kq£n-¡p-Ibpw A{]m-
]vX-am-b-hsb {]Np-c- amb am{X-bn In«p-sa¶p hnNm-cn-¡p-
Ibpw CXp-Xs¶ tbmK-t£-a-sa¶p Icp-Xp-Ibpw sN¿p-
¶p.
kw_Ôw þ ]c-amß {]m]vXn-¡pÅ km[-\m-cq-]-amb
t{ib-Êns\ {]iw-kn-¨n«v ba-cm-P³ km[m-cW a\p- jycnÂ
\n¶pw \Nn-tI-X-Ên-\pÅ hnti-j-Xsb FSp-¯p-Im-Wn-¨n«v
Ahsâ sshcm-Kys¯ {]iw-kn-¨p-sIm­p ]d-bp¶p þ
3. k Xzw {]nbm³ {]nb-cq-]mwÝ Imamþ
\`n-[ym-b-¶ -Nn-tItXmXy kvdm£ox
ss\Xmw krMvImw hn¯-a-bo-a-hm]vtXm
bkymw-a-Ö´n _lthm a\p-jym.
ba-cm-P³ ]d-bp¶p þ ""tl \Nn-tI-X-tÊ, \ns¶ ]co-
£n-¨n«v \o henb _p²n-am\pw hnth-Inbpw sshcm-Ky-k-
 47
I ¼-¶-\p-am-sW¶p Rm³ \Ã-Xp-t]mse a\-Ên-em-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-
¶p. kzbw henb kaÀ°\pw hnth-Inbpw XmÀ¡n-I\pw
Fs¶ms¡ IcpXn \S-¡p¶ Bfp-IÄ t]mepw sh«n-¯n-f-
§p¶ k¼-¯p-I-fpsS ambm-tam-l-h-e-b-¯n AI-s¸-«p-
t]m-Ip-¶p. Ah-tbbpw \o \ncm-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Rm³
BIÀj-W-amb `mj-bn XpSÀ¨-bmbn ]p{XÀ, ]u{XÀ,
B\, IpXn-c, tKm¡Ä, [w, k¼- ¯ v, `qan apX-embn Zpjv{]m-
]y-§fpw tem`-\o-b-§-fp-amb t`mK-§sf ImWn¨p \ns¶
{]tem-`n-¸n-¨p. am{X-a-Ã, kzÀ¤¯nse Znhy-t`m-K-§fpw
A\p]- a-kp-µ-cn-If- mb kzÀ¤ob Xcp-WnIsfs¡m-­pÅ
Nnc-t`mK kpJ-¯nsâ {]tem-`-\hpw DbÀ¯n-¡m-Wn-¨p.
F¶m \o Ah-sbÃmw kzm`m-hn-Ia - mbn Dt]-£n-¨p-I-f-
ªp. AXp- Im- cWw \o XoÀ¨- bmbpw ]c-am-ß-X-Xzs¯ {ihn-
¡p-¶-Xn\p XnI¨pw A[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.''
4. Zqc-tatX hn]-cotX hnjq No
Ahn-Zymb bm N hntZyXn ÚmXm
hnZym-`o-]vkn\w \Nn-tI-Xkw at\y
\ Xzm Imam _lthmtemep-]-´.
Cu Ahn-Zy, hnZy F¶ t]cp-I-fn {]kn-²-amb c­p
km[-\-IÄ {]tXyIw {]tXyIw ^e-§sf {]Zm\w sN¿p-
¶-hbpw ]c-kv]-c-hn-cp-²-§-fp-am-Ip-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯\p
t`mK-§-fn Bk-àn-bp-­m-Ip-¶pthm Ah\p awK-f-km-
[-\-I-fn ]ptcm-K-a n-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶n-Ã. bmsXm-cp-
¯³ awK-f-amÀ¤-¯nse ]Yn-I-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶pthm Ah³
t`mK-§-fpsS t\tc ZrjvSn DbÀ¯p-¶n-Ã. Ah³ \m\m-{]-
Im-c-§-fn-epÅ t`mK-§-tfbpw ZpxJ-Zm-b-I§ - -fmbn ImWp-
Ibpw Ahsb ]cn-Xy-Pn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. \Nn-tI-X-tÊ,
\o hnZy-sb-¯s¶ A`n-ej - n-¡p¶p F¶p Rm³ hniz-kn-
¡p-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m A\-´-§-fmb kpJ-t`m-K-
§Ä¡p \nsâ lrZ-b-¯n teiw- t]mepw {]`mhw krjvSn-
¡p-hm³ Ign-ªn-Ã.
5. Ahn-Zym-bm-a-´tc hÀ¯-am\m:
kzbw [ocm: ]WvUn-X-½-\y-am\m:
Z{µ-ay-amWm: ]cn-b´n aqVm
AtÔ-ss\h \ob-am\m bYmÔm:
Ft¸mÄ AÔ-\mb a\p-jy\p amÀ¤-ZÀin-bmbn AÔ-
s\-¯s¶ e`n-¡pt¶m At¸mÄ Ah\v A`o-jvS-Øm-\-
s¯- ¯p-hm³ Ign-bm-Xm-hp-Ibpw CSbv¡p ImÂX«n hogp-
Ibpw, apÅp-IÄ Xd¨pw Ip­p-Ip- gn- I-fn hoWpw DbÀ¶p
\nev¡p¶ ]md-I-fnepw `n¯n-If - nepw arK-§-fp-sS-taepw
X«n-ap-«nbpw \m\m-hn-[-¯n-epÅ IjvS-X- IÄ A\p-`-hn-t¡-
­- Xmbn hcn-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AXp-t]mse Xs¶ B aqV-
·mÀ¡p arK-§-fp-tSbpw ]£n-I-fp-tSbpw ]pgp-¡p-fp-tSbpw
bmX-\m-]qÀ®-amb tbm\n- I-fn-epw, {Iqc-\-c-I-§-fnepw {]th-
in¨v A\-´-P-·-§Ähsc Ah-km-\-an-Ãm¯ bmX-\I - Ä
A\p-`-hn-t¡-­-Xmbn hcn-Ibpw AhÀ _p²n-a m-·mcpw
N P
hnZzm-·m-cp-ambn kzbw Al-¦-cn-¡p-Ibpw hnZy-bp-tSbpw K
_p²n-bp-tSbpw anYym-l-¦m-c-¯m imkv{X-t¯bpw alm-
]p-c p-j-·m-cpsS hN-\-§-tfbpw Aev]w-t]mepw hI-h-
bv¡msX Ahsb Ah-tl-fn-¡p-Ibpw {]Xy£ kpJ-cq-]-
§Ä F¶p tXm¶nb t`mK-§sf A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-Xnepw
D]mÀÖn-¡p-¶-Xnepw \nc-´cw hym]r-X-cmbn a\p-jy-Po-hn-
X-¯nse Aaq-ey-amb ka-bs¯ hyÀ°-ambn \jvS-s¸-Sp-
¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p.
6. \ km¼-cmb: {]Xn-`mXn _mew
{]am-Zy´w hn¯-tam-tl\ aqVw
Abw temtIm \mkvXn ]c CXn am\o
]p\x-]p-\ÀÆ-i-am-]-ZytX ta.
C{]-Imcw a\p-jy-Po- hn-X-¯nsâ al-¯zs¯ Adn- ªp-
Iq-Sm¯ Al-¦m-cn-bmb a\p-jy³ {]]© kpJ-t`m-K-k-
¼-¯p-If - psS {]m]vXn-¡p-th­n [\m-Zn-I-fn tamln¨p
Pohn-¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv t`mK-§-fn Bk-à-\m-bn. {]am-Z-
]qÀÆw tXm¶n-b-Xp-t]m-epÅ BN-c-W-§Ä A\p-jvTn-¡p-
hm³ XpS-§p-¶p. Ahsâ lrZ-b-¯n ]c-temIw tXm¶-
s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. ac-Wm-\-´- cw, X\n¡p Xsâ kakvX IÀ½-§-
fp-tSbpw ^e-a-\p-`h
- n-¡p-¶-Xn\p hnhn-[-tbm-\n-I-fn P·-
sa- Sp-t¡-­- Xmbn hcp-sa-¶pÅ hnNmcw Ahsâ a\-ÊnÂ
DZn-¡p-¶-tX-bn-Ã. ChnsS {]Xy-£-¯n Fs´Ãmw ImW-
s¸-Sp-¶pthm AXp-Xs¶ temIw F¶v B _p²n-lo-\³
Icp-Xp-¶p. ChnsS F{X-am{Xw hnj-bk - pJw A\p-`-hn-
¡mtam A{Xbpw _p²n- bm-bn-cn-¡pw. CXn- \-¸p-ds¯´p­v?
]c-tem-Is¯ Bcp I­n- cn- ¡p¶p? ]c- temIw Bfp-I-fpsS
`mh-\-am-{Xw. Ch-sbÃmw am\y-am-bn-¡-cp-Xp¶ a\p-jy³
XpSÀ¨-bmbn ba-cm-Psâ ]nSn-bn-e-Is - ¸-Sp-Ibpw At±lw
Ahsâ IÀ½-§Ä¡-\p-k-cn¨v Ahs\ hnhn-[-tbm-\n-I-fn-
te¡p XÅn-hn-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. P\-\a - -cW N{I¯nÂ
\n¶pw Ah\p tamN-\ta e`n-¡p-¶n-Ã.
kw_Ôw þ C{]-Imcw hnj-bm-kà - cpw {]Xy-£-hm-Zn-
Ifpw Bb aqV-·msc \nµn-¨-tijw Bß-X-Xz-¯n-tâbpw
AXns\ Adn-bp-Ibpw {Kln-¡p-Ibpw hÀ®n-¡p-Ibpw
sN¿p-¶-h-cp-tSbpw ZpÀÃ-`-Xsb hÀ®n-¡p-¶p.
7. {ih-Wm-bm]n _lp-`nÀtbm \ e`y:
irWzt´m]n _lthm bw \ hnZyp:
BÝtcym hàm Ipitemky e_v[m
Ýtcym ÚmXm Ipi-em-\p-injvSx
Bß- X -X z-¯ nsâ ZpÀÃ- ` -X sb {Kln-¸n-¡p-¶-X n\p
th­n ba-cm-P³ ]d-ªp-þ-\-Nn-tI-X-kvtk, Bß-XXzw
km[m-c-Wt- ]m-epÅ Hcp Imcy-a-Ã. temI-¯n A[n-I-am-
fp-IÄ¡pw BXva -I-eym-W-]-c-amb Imcy-§-sf-¸-än-bpÅ
NÀ¨-IÄ tIÄ¡p¶-Xn-\p-t]mepw km[n-¡p-¶n- Ã. {]`m-X-
¯n DW- cp- ¶Xp apX cm{Xn Dd-§p-¶- Xp- sIm- ­n- cn- t¡­
Npä-]m-Sn AhÀ Pohn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m Ah-cpsS a\Êv
 48

I F«p-bm-a-§-fnepw hnj-b-Nn-´-I-fn apgp-In-¡-gn-bp-¶p. \Nn-tI-X-Êns\ {]iw-kn-¨p-sIm­p ba-cm-P³ ho­pw K

Ah-cpsS lrZ-b§ - -fn Bß-XXzw tIÄ¡p-¶-Xn\pw ]d-bp-¶p. Fsâ {]nb-s¸-«-ht- \. \nsâ Cu ]hn-{X-amb
{Kln-¡p- ¶- Xn\pw DÅ Nn´ Hcn- ¡epw DZn- ¡p-¶nÃ; AYhm _p²nbpw \nÀ½- ea - mb \njvTbpw I­p Rm³ AXy´w
A§s\ Hcp kµÀ`w D­m-Ip-I-b m-s W-¦n¯s¶ {]k-¶ -\m-b n-c n-¡ p-¶ p. C{]-Im-c-apÅ \njvT- X À¡-§ -
AhÀ¡p hnj-bt- k-h-\¯ - nÂ\n¶pw Hcn-¡epw Hgn-hp- fnÂ\n¶v Hcn-¡epw e`y-am-Ip-hm³ km²y-a-Ã. AXm-Is«
In«p¶p-an-Ã. Nne-bm-fp-IÄ tI«p {Kln-¡p-¶Xp \Ã-sX¶p `K- hXv Ir]- bm GsX-¦nepw alm-ßm- hnsâ Iq«p-sIm­pw
IcpXn tIÄ¡p-¶p. F¶m Ahsâ hnj-b-{K-kX v -amb At±lw apJm-´n-c-am-bpÅ XpSÀ¨-bmb ]c-am-ßm-a-l-Xz-
lrZ-b¯ - n\v AXp-hl - n-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡msX hcp¶p. ¯nsâ hni-Z-hn-th-N\w {ihn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ ku`m-Kyw-
AsÃ-¦n aµ-_p-²n-bm-b-Xp-Im-cWw AXp {Kln-¡m³ Ign- sIm­pw kwkn-²-a m-Ip-¶p. C{]-Im-c-apÅ \njvT-X -s¶-
bp-¶n-Ã. bmsXm-cp-¯À Xo£vW-_p-²n-bmbn Icp-X-s¸-Sp- bmWp a\p-jys\ Bß-Úm-\-¯n-\p-th­n {]b-Xv\n-¡p-
¶pthm A§s\ DÅ-h -c n¯s¶ Aß-X -X zs¯ ¶-Xn\p t{]cn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv. \ns¶ Rm³ C{X- b-[nIw {]tem-
bYmÀ°-cq-]-¯n hÀ®n-¡p-hm³ Ign-hpÅ alm-]p-cp- `n-¸n-¨n«pw kz´w Xocp-am-\-¯n \o ZrV-ambn \n¶p.
j³amÀ hfsc hnc-f-amtb ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p-Åp. Aß-X- AXn \n¶pw hmkvX-h-¯n bYmÀ° [mc-W-bn \o
Xzs¯ {]]n-¨n«v PohnXw k^-e-am-¡n-bn-«pÅXpw Htc Hcp k¼-¶-\m-sW¶pw hyà-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. \Nn-tI-X-t Ê,
]pcp-j³ am{X-ta-bp-Åp. \Ã-Xp-t]mse {Kln-¨v, PnhnXw \ap¡p \ns¶- t¸mse tNmZn¨p hm§p¶ PnÚm-kp- ¡-sf-
k^-e-am-¡n-b-hcpw PohnXm\p`h§fp-Å-hcpw, Bß- ZÀin- bm-Wm-h- iyw.
I-fp-amb BNm-cy-·m-cnÂ\n¶pw D]-tZiw e`n-¨n-«v, AXn-\-
kw_Ôw þ At¸mÄ ba-cm-P³ DZm-l-c -W -k-lnXw
\p-k-c-a-ambn a\-\-\n-Zn-[ym-k-\-¯m XXz-¯nsâ km£m-
\njvIm-a-`m-hs¯ {]iw-kn-¨p-sIm­p ]dªp:
Xv¡mcw t\Sp¶ ]pcp-j-·mcpw temI-¯n hfsc hnc-f-
amtb D­-Ip-¶p-Åp. 10. Pm\m-aylw tih-[n-cn-Xy-\nXyw
kw_-Ô w-þ C\n AXv a-P vRm-\-¯nsâ ZpÀe-` -X -bpsS \ lyp[vdpssh: {]m]ytX ln [vdphw XXv
ImcWw ]d- bp-¶pþ XtXm abm \mNn-tI-X-ÝntXmánþ
8. \ \tc-Wm-h-tcW t{]mà Gj c\n-ssXyÀ{Zsshy: {]m]vXh
- m-\kvan \nXyw.
kphn-PvtRtbm _lp[m Nn´y-am-\x \Nn-tI-XtÊ! IÀ½-§-fpsS ^e-kz-cq-]-amb Cu temI-
A\-\y-t{]mtà KXn-c{X \mkvXn ¯n- tebpw ]c-tem-I-¯n-tebpw t`mK-k-aq-l-§-fmbn e`y-
am-Ip¶ \n[n- IÄ, Ah F{X- am{Xw Aaq- ey- §- fm-bn- cp-¶mepw
AWo-bm³ lyX-À¡ya-W p-{]-am-Wm-Xv.
Hcp Znhkw Ah \in- ¡pw. AXm-bXv Ah A\n-Xy- am- Ip¶p
{]Ir-Xn-]-cy-´-apÅ kq£-a-X-Xz-§-tf-¡mÄ Cu Aß- F¶p-Å Imcyw Rm³ \¶m-b-dn-bp-¶p. AXp-t]mse
XXzw kq£-a-am-Ip-¶p. CXnsâ bYmÀ° cq]w {Kln-¸n- A\nXy km[-\-I-fnÂ\n¶pw \nXy hkvXp-¡sf {]m]n-¡p-
¡p-¶-Xn\p Ign-hpÅ alm-·msc e`n-¡p-¶-Xp-hsc a\p- hm³ Hcn-¡epw km²y-a-Ã. Cu cl-kys¯ Adn-ªp-sIm-
jyÀ¡v AXn {]thi\w e`n-¡pI AXy´w Zpjv¡-c-am- ­p-Xs¶ Rm³ \Nn-tI-Xm-án-bpsS Nb-\mZn cq]-¯nÂ
Wv. AXv A{Xbv¡p Kl-\-am-W.v Aev]-PvRm\w km[m-cW Nne bÚmZn IÀ¯-hy-IÀ½- §Ä A\nXy hkvXp-¡Ä
Adn-hp-Im-cWw CXn-s\-¸än D]-tZ-in-¡p-Ibpw AXn-\-\p-k- hgn-bmbn FÃm A`nemj§-tfmSpw Bk-àn-tbmSpw cln-
cn¨v hnhn-[-co-Xn-bn Nn´n-¡p-Ibpw A`y-kn-¡p-Ibpw X-ambn IÀ½-_p-²n-tbm-Sp-IqSn am{Xw sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶p.
sN¿p-IbmsW¦n AXnsâ Aß-PvRm\ cq]-amb ]ew A\n-Xy-]-ZmÀ°-§-sf-s¡m­p IÀ¯-hy-]m-e\ kzcq-]-§-
D­m-Ip-¶n-Ã. BXva-XXzw Aev]w-t]mepw a\-Ên-em-¡p- fmb Cuiz-c-]q-P-IÄ sNbvXv Rm³ \nXy-kpJ cq]-\mb
hm³ km[n-¡p-I-bn-Ã. aäp-Å-h-cn \n¶pw {ihn-¡msX ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. CXp \njvIma `mh-
kzbw XÀ¡-hn-XÀ¡-bp-à-amb hni-I-e-\w-sIm­pw Cu ¯nsâ aln-a-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p.
Bß-XXzw {Kln-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-I-bn-Ã. F¶m {ihn-
kw_Ôw þ \Nn-tI- X- Ên Cu \njvIm- a- `mhw ]qÀ®- ambn
¡pI Bh-iy-am-Wv. ]s£ CtX-kw-_-Ôn-¨p- \Ã ]cn-
I­-Xp-sIm­v Ahs\ {]iw-kn-¨p-sIm-­p-Xp-S-cp-¶p.
PvRm\w kn²n-¨n-«pÅ alm-·m-cnÂ\n¶pw thWw XXz-{i-
hWw \S- ¯p-hm³. At¸mÄ XÀ¡- ¯n\pw AXo- X- amb Cu 11. Ima-kym]vXnw PKX: {]XnjvTmw
Kl-\-hn-j-b-¯n ]cn-Úm\w kn²n-¡p-¶p. {ItXm-c-\ -´ya-` -bky ]mcw
9. ss\jm XÀt¡W aXn-cm-]-t\bm kvtXma-a-l-Zp-cq-Kmbw {]XnjvTmw
t{]màm-t\y-ss\h kÚm-\mb t{]jvT ZrjvSzm [rXym [mtcm \Nn-tItXmXy{km-£o.
bmw Xzam]: kXy-[r-XnÀ_-Xmkn \Nn-tI-X-tÊ, \n§Ä FÃm-hn-[-¯nepw t{ijvT\pw
XzmZrMv t\m `qbm-¶-Nn-tIX: {]jvSm. _p²n-k-¼-¶\pw \njvIm-a\pw BIp-¶p. Rm³ hc-Zm-\-

N P
 49

I ambn \nsâ ap¼n h¨n-cn-¡p¶ kzÀ¤w FÃm {]Im-c-¯n- ]qÀÆw {ihn-¡Ww; A\-´cw AXns\ a\\w sN¿Ww; K
ep- apÅ t`mK-§-fm ]cn-]qÀ®hpw PK-¯nsâ B[m-c- kz- XZ-\-´cw GIm-´-X-bn AtX-¸än Nn´n¨v _p²n-bnÂ
cq-] hpw bÚm-Zn-i p-` -I À½-§ -fpsS A´-c -l n-X -a mb Ønc-s¸- Sp-¯- Ww. C{]-Imcw km[\ sNbvX-Xn-\p-ta a\p-
^ehpw FÃm ZpxJ-§-fn \n¶pw `b-§-fnÂ\n¶pw cln- jyÀ¡v Bß-kz-cq-]-{]m-]vX n-bp-­m-Ip-t¼mÄ AXm-bXv
Xhpw kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp-hm³ tbmKyhpw AXy´w al-Xz- Ah³ Bßm-hns\ XXz-t¯m-Sp-IqSn {Kln-¡p-t¼mÄ B\-
]qÀ®-hp-am-Ip-¶p. thZ-§-fn AXnsâ At\I hn[-¯n- µ-kz-cq-]\ - mb ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. B
epÅ KpW-§sf Km\w sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXv A\-´- B\µ alm-k-ap-{Zs¯ {]m]n-¨n«v Ah³ AXn \na-á-
Imew \ne-\n¡p-¶-Xm-Ip-¶p. \o AXnsâ al-Xzs¯ \m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. tl \Nn-tI-XtÊ! \n\-¡p-th­n B ]c-a-
icn¡p {Kln-¨n-cp-¶n«pw ss[cy-t¯m-Sp-IqSn AXns\ ]cn- [m-a-¯nsâ hmXn Xpd-¶n- «n-cn-¡p-¶p. At§m«p {]th-in-
Xy-Pn-¨n-cn-¡p- ¶p. \nsâ a\Êv AXn Aev]w- t]mepw Bk- ¡p-¶-XnÂ\n¶v BÀ¡pw \n§sf XS-bp-hm³ km[y-a-Ã.
à-am-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. \o kz´w Xocp-am-\-¯n ZrV-ambn \n§Ä {_Ò {]m]vXn-¡pÅ D¯-am-hI - m-in-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶-
Dd¨p\n¶p. CXp km[m-c-Wa - . AXn- Xmbn Rm³ Icp-Xp-¶p.
- mb Hcp kwK-Xn-bÃ
\m \o henb _p²n-am-\pw, A\m- k- à\pw Bß- X-Xzs¯
kw_Ôw þ ba-cm-Psâ apJ-¯p-\n¶pw ]c-{_-Ò] - p-cp-
Adn-bp-¶-Xn\p tbmKy\pw BsW¶v Rm³ Icp-Xp-¶p.
tjm-¯-asâ aln-am-tIÄ¡p-Ibpw Xm³ AXn-\-h- Im-in-bm-
kw_Ôw þ C{]-Imcw \Nn-tI-X-Ênsâ \njv¡m-a-`m-hw- sW¶v Adn-bp-Ibpw sNbvX-t¸mÄ \Nn-tI-X-Ênsâ a\-
sIm­v Ch³ ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ XXz-Úm-\-¯n\v bYmÀ°- Ên ]c-am-ß-X-Xz-a-dn-bm-\pÅ Xm¸cyw Dev]¶ - -am-bn.
amb Ah-Im-in-bm-sW¶p ba-cm-P³ \nÝ-bn-¡p-¶p. AXn- AtXm-Sp-IqSn ba-cm-P³ Xs¶ {]iw-kn-¡p-¶-Xp-IqSn tI«-
\m Ahsâ A´x-Ic - -W-¯n ]c-{_-Ò-]p-cp-tjm-¯- t¸mÄ AXy´w kt¦m-N-t¯m-Sp-IqSn tNmZn¨p þ
asâ XXz-s¯-¸än PnÚmk hfÀ¯p-¶-Xn\v C\n-bpÅ
14. A\y{X [À½m-Z-\y-{Xm-[À½m-Z-\y
c­p a{´-§-fn-embn ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ aln-asb
-{Xm-kvam-X vIr-X m-I r-XmXv
hÀ®n-¡p-¶p.
A\y{X `qXm¨ `hym¨ b¯-Xv]-iykn XZz-Z.
12. Xw ZpÀZÀiw KqV-a-\p-{]-hnjvSw
\Nn-tI-XÊv tNmZn¨p: `K-h³, A§v F¶n {]k-¶-
Kplm-lnXw Klz-tcjvTw ]pcmWw
\m-bn-cn-¡p¶p F¦n A[À½ kw_- Ô- c-ln-Xhpw Imcy-
A²ym-ß-tbm-Km[n Kta\ tZhw Im-c-W{- ]-Ir-Xn-bnÂ\n¶pw hyXy-kvX-ambpw `qXw. hÀ¯-
aXzm [otcm lÀj-timIu Plm-Xn. am-\w, `mhn Ch-sb-Ãm-¯nÂ\n¶pw `n¶hpw Bbn A§-
dn-ªn-cn-¡p¶ ]c-am-ß-X-Xzs¯ F\n-¡p-]t- Z-in¨ tXc-
Cu k¼qÀ® PK¯v AXy´w ZpÀ¤-ahpw Kl-\h - p-
W-ta.
amb Hcp h\- ¯n\p kZr-i-am-Ip-¶p. F¶m Cu ]c- {_Ò
]c-ta-iz-c³ ]cn-] qÀ®-\ m-I p-¶p. AXv Ch-bn-seÃmw 15. kÀtÆ thZm bXv ]Z-am-a-\´n
kÀÆ{X {]hn-jT v -am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXv FÃm-h-cp-tSbpw lrZ- X]mwkn kÀÆmWn N bZv hZ´n
b-am-Ip¶ Kpl-bn ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. C{]-Imcw \nXyhpw
bZn-Ñt´m {_Ò-Ncyw Nc´n
H¶n-¨n-cp-¶n«pw Bfp-IÄ¡p kzm`m-hn-I-ambn Adn-bp-hm³
Ign-bp-¶nÃ: F´p-sIm-s­-¶m AXp kz´w tbmK-am- Xt¯ ]Zw kw{K-tlW {_ho-taym-an-tXy-X-Xv.
b-bpsS hm¡p-I-fn Hfn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXy´w Kp]vX- ba-cm-P³ ChnsS ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-as\ ]c-a-
am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXnsâ ZÀi\w AXy´w ZpÀe-`a - m-Ip-¶p. {]m]yw F¶p ]d-ªp-sIm­p AXnsâ hmN-Ia - mb Hmw
bmsXmcp ip²-_p²n k¼-¶-\mb km[-I³, Xsâ a\-Ên- Imcs¯ kzcq-]-ambn D]-tZ-in-¡p-¶p. At±lw ]d-bp-¶p,
t\bpw _p²n-tbbpw \nXyhpw \nc-´- chpw AXnsâ Nn´- ka-kvX-th-Z-§fpw \m\m-{]-Im-c-¯n-epÅ Oµ-Êp-Is - f-
bn aá-am-¡p-¶pthm Ah\v B k\m-X-\-ssZ-hs¯ s¡m­p bmsXm-¶ns\ {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶pthm k¼qÀ®
{]m]n¨p kZm-Imew lÀj- tim-I-c-ln-X-\m-bn-¯o- cm³ km[n- X]w apX-emb km[-\-I-fpsS GI-am-{Xhpw ]c-a-hp-amb
¡pw. Ahsâ A´x-Ic - -W-¯n \n¶pw lÀj-tim-ImZn e£yw GsXm-¶mtWm GXns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th-­n-
hnImc§Ä kaqew \in-¨p-t]m-Ip-¶p. bpÅ CÑ- bm km[-I³ \njv¡m-a-]qÀÆw {_Ò-N-cys¯
13. GX-ÑrXzm k¼-cn-Krly aÀXyx A\p- jvTn-¡p- ¶pthm B ]pcp-tjm-¯a `K-hmsâ ]c- a- XXzw
Rm³ \n\¡p kwt£-]-ambn D]-tZ-in- ¡p¶p; AXm-Ip¶p
{]hrly [À½y-a-Wp-ta-X-am]y
Hmw F¶ Cu GIm-£-cw.
k tamZtX tamZ\obw ln e_v[zm
kw_Ôw þ \ma-c-ln-X-\m-sW- ¦nepw ]c-am-ßmhv At\Iw
hnhrXw kZva \Nn-tI-Xkw at\y.
t]cp-If
- m hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ FÃm t]cp-
Cu A²ymß hnj-b-I-amb [Àt½m-]-tZ-is¯ BZy- I-fnepw Hmw kÀÆ-t{ijvTw F¶p KWn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. AXn-
ambn A\p- `- h- Úm-\-apÅ alm- ]p-cp- j- ·m-cnÂ\n¶pw {i²m- \m ChnsS \ma-¯n-tâbpw \man- bp-tSbpw At`Zs¯ ]cn-

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I K-Wn¨v "{]Wh's¯ ]c-{ _Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯ -a sâ AXnsâ \nXy-X-tbbpw hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­- K

Øm\¯p hÀ®n-¨p-sIm­p ba-cm-P³ ]d-bp¶p þ ¶mÂ, km[-I\v Xsâ \nXy-X-bp-sSbpw \nÀÆn-Im-c-X-bp-
tSbpw A\p-`hw D­m-Ip-¶n-Ãtbm AXp- t]mse Xs¶ ico-
16. GX-t²y-hm-£cw {_Ò GX-t²y-hm
cm-ZnIfmb A\y-h-kvXp-¡-fn \n¶pw `n¶-ambn Icp-Xm-
-£cw ]cw
Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-hsc Cu A\n-Xy-h-kvXp-¡-tfmSp sshcm-Ky-
GX-t²y-hm-£cw ÚmXzm tbm ap- ­mbn Ahsâ A´x-I-c-W- ¯n \nXy-X-Xz-¯nsâ A`n-
bZn-Ñ-Xn-X-ky-XX - v. emjw DÛ-hn-¡p-¶n-Ã. Pohm-ßmhp \nXy-tN-X\m Úm\
Cu Ahn-\m-in- bmb {]Whw HmwImcw Xs¶- bm-Ip-¶p. kzcq-]-am-Ip-¶p. A\n-Xyhpw hn\m-in-bp-amb PUicoc-
(]-c-am-ßm-hnsâ kzcq-]w). {_Òhpw AXp-X-s¶- bm-Ip-¶p. §Ä¡pw t`mK§Ä¡pw hmkvX -h -¯ n CXp-a mbn
AXm-bXv B {_Ò-¯n-tâbpw ]c-{_-Ò-¯n-tâbpw \maw bmsXmcp kw_-Ô-hp-an-söpapÅ ZrV-amb A\p-`qXn
HmwIm-c-sa-¶p-X-s¶- bm- Ip- ¶p. AXn-\m Cu XXzs¯ {Kln- Ah-\p-­m-IW - w. CXv A\m-Znbpw A\-´-hp-am-Ip-¶p.
¨n«v km[-I\v CXp-hg- n-bmbn c­n¡q-Snbpw GsX-¦nepw bmsXmcp Imcy- Im-c-W-§fpw CXn- \n-Ã. AXn-\m CXp P\-
A`o-jvS-cq-]s¯ {]m]n-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p. \-acW cln-Xhpw kZm GIhpw kÀÆYm \nÀÆn-Im-chpw
BIp-¶p. ico-c-¯nsâ \miw-sIm­v CXn\p \miw kw`-
17. GX-Zm-ew-_\w t{ijvT-ta-XZ- m-ew-_\w ]cw
hn-¡p-¶n-Ã. CXv acn-¡p-sa¶pw acn-¸n-¡p-sa¶pw Bsc-
GX-Zm-ew-_\w ÚmXzm {_Ò-temtI ¦nepw Icp-Xp-¶-h-cp-s­- ¦n AhÀ hmkvX-h-¯n Bß-
alo-btX kz-cq-]s¯ Adn-bp-¶n-Ã. AhÀ kÀÆYm {`a-¯n Ign-
]c-amß {]m]vXn-¡p-th­n kzoI-cn-¡p¶ ]e-co-Xn-bn- ªp-Iq-Sp-¶p. AhÀ ]d-bp-¶Xv Bcpw {i²n- t¡­ Bh-
epÅ Bew-_-\-§-fn ]c-a-t{i-jT v hpw ]c-am-h-ew-_hpw iy-an- Ã. bYmÀ°-¯n Bßmhv Bscbpw sImÃp-¶p-anÃ;
Cu HmwImcw Xs¶- bm-Ip-¶p. CX-ÃmsX aäp bmsXm-c-h-ew- BÀ¡pw AXns\ sImÃp-hm\pw km[n-¡p-¶n-Ã.
_-\hpw CÃ. AXm-bXp ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ t{ijvT-amb \ma- km[-I\p icoc-¯n-tâbpw t`mK-§-fp-tSbpw A\n-Xy-
s¯- ¯ s¶ icWw {]m]n- ¡ pI F¶Xv A Xnsâ X-tbbpw Xsâ Bßm-hnsâ \nXy-X-tbbpw Nn´n-¨n«v Cu
{]m]vXn¡pÅ kÀtÆm- ¯-ahpw Atam-L-hp-amb km[-\-bm- A\nXy t`mK-§-fn-epÅ kpJ-¯nsâ Bi-bs¯ XyPn-
Ip-¶p. Cu cl-kys¯ {Kln-¨n«p bmsXmcp km[-I³ ¨v, kZm Xt¶m-Sp-IqSn hkn-¡p¶ \nXy-kpJ kzcq-]-\mb
`ànbpw t{]ahpw CXn AÀ¸n-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ XoÀ¨- ]c-{_-Ò-]p-cp-tjm-¯-as\ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn\v A`n-em-j-ap-Å-
bmbpw ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. h-\m- bn-¯o-c -Ww.
kw_Ôw þ C{]-Imcw HmwIm-cs¯ {_Òw, ]c-{_-Òw þ kw_Ôw þ C{]-Imcw Bß- X-Xz-¯nsâ hÀ®\ hgn \Nn-
Ch c­n-tâbpw {]Xo-I-ambn ]d-ªn-«v, \Nn-tI-X- Ênsâ tI-X-Ênsâ A´x-Ic - -W-¯n ]c-{_-Ò-]p-cp-tjm-¯-asâ
{]iv\-¯n-\-\p-k-c-W-ambn ba-cm-P³ Bßm-hnsâ kzcq- XXz-s¯- ¸-än- bpÅ PnÚm-k-bp- WÀ¯n- bn«p ba-cm-P³ ]c-
]s¯ hÀ®n-¡p¶p: am-ßm-hnsâ kzcq-]s¯ hÀ®n-¡p-¶p.
18. \ PmbtX {anbtX hm hn]-Ýnþ 20. AtWm-cW- o-bm-·-ltXm alo-bmþ
¶mbw IpX-Ýn¶ _`qh IÝnXv \mßmky Pt´mÀ\n-lntXm Kplm-bmw.
AtPm \nXy: imiztXmbw ]pcmtWm Xa-{IXp: ]iyXn hoX-timtIm
\ l\ytX l\y-amt\ ico-tc. [mXp-{]-km-Zm· lnam-\-am-ß\mx
\nXy-Úm-\-cq-]-amb Bßmhp acn-¡p-Itbm P\n-¡p- CXn\p ap³]p-Xs¶ Pohmßmhnsâ ip²-amb kzcq-
Itbm sN¿p-¶n-Ã, AXp kzbw H¶n \n¶p­m-btXm ]s¯ hÀ®n-¨n- «p- ­v. Cu a{´-¯n AXn\p "P´p' F¶p
H¶n\p Imc-Wtam AÃ. AXm-bXv AXv H¶nsâ Imcy-Im- t]cp sImSp-¯n«v AXnsâ hr²m-hØ - sb hyà-am-¡n-bn-
c-W-am-Ip-¶n-Ã. AXv AP-·mhpw \nXyhpw kZm GI-c-k- cn-¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv ]c- {_-Ò-]p-cp-tjm-¯- a³ B Pohm-ßm-
ap-ÅXpw ]pcm-X-\-hp-am-Ip-¶p. AXp hr²n-£-b-cl - n-X-hp- hnsâ AXy´w \nI-S-hÀ¯-bmbn ØnXn-sN-¿p-s¶-¦nepw
am-Ip- ¶p. ico-c- ¯n\p \mi- ap-­m-bmepw Ah\p \mi- ap-­m- AXnsâ t\tc Hcn-¡Â t]mepw ZrjvSn-bp-bÀ¯n {i²n-
Ip-¶n-Ã. ¡m-dn-Ã. AXv taml-§-fn apgpIn FÃmw ad¶p Ign-bp-
19. l´m tN·-\ytX l´pw ¶p. Cu ImcWw sIm­p-Xs¶ "P´p' a\p-jy-i-cocw e`n-
lX-tÝ-·\
- ytX lXw ¨n«pw IoS ]Xw-K-§-fmb XpÑ-{]m-WnIsft¸mse Xsâ
ZpÀe-` -amb Pohn-Xw-hyÀ°-a mbn \in-¸n¨p If-bp-¶ p.
D`u Xu \ hnPm-\otXm \mbw l´n
bmsXmcp km[-I³ ]qÀtÆm-à-amb hnth-N-\a\pk-cn¨v
\ l\y-tX.
kzbw \nXy-tN-X-\m- kz-cq]w F¶p IcpXn FÃm {]Im-c-¯n-
ba-cm-P³ ChnsS Bßm-hnsâ ip²-kz-cq-]t- ¯bpw ep-apÅ t`mKm-`n-em-j-§-fn \n¶p cln-X- \mbpw timI-c-

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I ln-X-\mbpw Xocp-¶pthm Ah³ ]c-amß Ir]-bm ]c- Hcn-¡epw bmsXmcp Imc-W-h- imepw tei-am-{X-am-bn-t¸mepw K
{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-a³ AWp-hn AWphpw al-¯n timIw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶n-Ã. CXp Xs¶- bmWv A§-s\-bpÅ
al¯pw kÀÆ-hym-]nbpw BsW-¶pÅ ]c-{_-Ò- a-ln-asb Bfnsâ e£-Ww.
{Kln-¨n«v km£m-Xv¡mcw {]m]n-¡p-¶p-sh¶v A\p-`h - n-¨-
kw_Ôw þ C\n B ]c-am-ßm- hns\ kz´w ]pcp- jmÀ°w-
dn-bp-¶p. ChnsS "[mXp {]km-ZmXv' þ F¶-Xnsâ AÀ°w
sIm­v Bcpw {]m]n-¡p-¶n- Ã. adn¨v AXv Bsc kzoI-cn¡p-
"]c-ta-iz-csâ Ir]' F¶pw "[mXp' F¶ hm¡n-\À°w
¶pthm Ah\p am{Xw e`n-¡p-¶p. AXn-s\-¸än ]d-bp¶p þ
"kÀÆm-[mc ]c-am-ßmhv' F¶pw AwKo-Ic - n-¡p-¶p.
23. \mb-amßm {]h-Nt- \\ et`ym
21. Bkot\m Zpcw {hPXn
\ta-[bm \ _lp\m {iptX\!
ibmt\m bmXn kÀhX:!
bta-sshj, hrWptX tX\ e`yþ
IkvXw aZm-aZw tZhw
kvXsskyj Bßm hnhr-WptX X\qw-kzmw.
aZt\ym ÚmXp-aÀl-Xn.
Rm³ GsXmcp ]c-ta-iz-c-s\-¸än hÀ®n-¨p-I-gn-ªn-cn-
]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßmhv ANn´y iànbpw hncp-²-[À½m- ¡p-¶p-thm, At±-l-s¯, imkv{X- §Ä ]Tn-¨n«v at\m-l-c-
{i-bnbpw BIp-¶p. Htc kabw Xs¶ At±-l-¯n §-fmb `mj-W-§-fn ]am-ß-X-Xz-¯nsâ \m\m{]Im-c-§-
hncp² [À½-§-fpsS eoe-IÄ kw`-hn-¡p-tam. AXn-\m fn-epÅ hÀ®-\-IÄ \S-¯p-¶-ht\m XÀ¡-io-e-·m-cmb
At±lw Htc ka-b¯v kq£vam kq£vahpw al-¯n _p²n-Po-hn-IÄt¡m _p²n-am-\m-sW-¶pÅ Al-¦mc {]a-
al¯pw Bbn Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. B ]c- ta-iz-c³ Xsâ \nXy ¯-X-bn \n¶pÂ`q-X-amb XÀ¡w apJm-´ncw hnth-Nn-¨n«v
]ca [ma-¯n hncm-Pn-¨p-sIm­v `àm-[n-\-\mbn `à-·m- At±-ls¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn\p {ian-¡p-¶-ht\m ]c-am-ßm-
cpsS hnfn-tI«v _lp-Zqcw k©-cn-¡p-¶p. ]ca [ma-¯n hns\ kw_-Ôn¨p hf-sc-b-[nIw tI«n-«p-Å-ht\m {]m]n-
A[n-h-kn-¡p¶ ]mÀj-Z-`-à-·m-cpsS ZrjvSn-bn At±lw ¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶-X-Ã. bmsXm-cp-¯s\ At±lw kzbw
ibn-¨p-sIm­v FÃm Zn¡p-I-fnepw k©-cn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p- kzoI-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯\v At±-l-s¯- ¸än D¡-
¶p. AsÃ-¦n B ]c-am-ßmhv kÀÆZm kÀÆ{X ØnXn- S-amb A`n-\n-th-i- apt­m bmsXm-cp-¯\v At±-l-s¯-¡q-
sN-¿p-¶p. Ccn-¡p-¶n-S-¯pw, Zqsc t]mbm Ahn-S-bpw, SmsX Pohn-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp-
Dd-§p-t¼mÄ Ahn-sSbpw At±-lw-D-­v. At±-l-¯nsâ ¯³ Xsâ _p²n-i-àn-bnepw km[-\-I-fnepw B{i-bw-
kÀÆ-hym-]-IX CXm-Ip-¶p. At±lw kÀÆ{X FÃm-cq-]-§- sh-bv¡msX At±-l-¯nsâ Ir]sb am{Xw {]Xo-£n-¨p-
fnepw \nXyhpw Xtâ-Xmb aln-a-bnepw ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶pthm C{]-Imcw Ir]m-\nÀ`-c-·m-cmb km[-
C{]-Imcw Aeu-In-I- ]-c- ssa- iz- cy-kz-cq-]-\m-bn-cp- ¶n«pw At±- I-·m-cp-sS-ta ]c-am-ßmhv Ir] ImWn-¡p-Ibpw tbmK-am-
l-¯n\p Xsâ sFiz-cy-¯n teiw-t]mepw Al¦mc-an- b-bpsS ad amän-bn«v Ahsâ ap¼n kz´-cq]w {]I-S-am-
Ã. B ]c-ta-iz-cs\ Adn-bp-¶-Xn-\pÅ Ah-Imiw (B-ß- ¡n-¡m-Wn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
X-Xz- Ú- \mb ba- cm- P\p Xpeyw) F\n-¡-ÃmsX aämÀ¡mWp
km[n-¡p-¶-Xv. kw_Ôw þ C\n ]c-amß {]m]vXn BÀ¡p-­m-Ip¶p
F¶p ]d-bp¶p þ
kw_Ôw þ C\n C{]-Im-c-apÅ B ]c-ta-iz-csâ aln-
asb Adn-bn-¡p¶ ]pcp-js\ Xncn-¨d- n-bp¶ Imcyw ]d- 24. \mhn-ctXm ZpÝ-cn-Xmþ
bp¶p þ ¶mimt´m \mk-am-lnX:
22. Ai-cocw ico-tcjp \mim´ am\tkm hm]n
A\-h tØjzh-Ø nXw {]Úm-t\-s s\-\-am- ]v\p-b mXv
alm´w hn`p-am-ßm\w hymJym\w þ bmsXm- cp- ¯³ Zpcm-N-c-W- §- fn hnc- à-\mbn
Ahsb ]cn-Xy-Pn-¡p-¶n-Ãtbm bmsXm-cp-¯sâ a\Êv ]c-
aXzm [otcm \ timN-Xn.
am-ßm-hns\ Dt]-£n¨v Zn\-cm-{X-§-fn t`mK-kp-J-§-fnÂ
Pohn-I-fpsS icocw A\n-Xyhpw hn\mi kz`m-h-t¯m- Ae-ªp-Xn-cn-bp-¶pthm ]c-am-ßm-hn hnizm-k-an-ÃmsX
Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw BIp-¶p. AXn\v {]Xn-£Ww ]cn-hÀ¯\w bmsXm- cp-¯³ kZm Aim-´-\mbn Pohn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-
kw`-hn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡pw. AXn-seÃmw ka-`m-h-t¯m-Sp-IqSn cp-¯sâ a\-Ê,v _p²n, C{µn-b-§Ä Ch \nb-{´W hnt[-
ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ ]c- {_- Ò- ]p- cp- tjm-¯-a³ Cu ico- c- §-fm b-am-bn- cn-¡p-¶n- Ãtbm A§-s\-bpÅ a\p- jy³ kq£va- _p-
kÀhYm cln-X\pw Ai-co-c\pw BIp-¶p. Cu ImcWw ²n-tbm-S p-IqSn Bß-h n-N mcw sNbvX p-s Im-­ n-c p-¶mÂ
sIm­p- Xs¶ At±lw \nXy\pw AN- e-\p- am- Ip- ¶p. {]mIrX t]mepw ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶n-Ã.
tZi-Ime KpWm-ZnIfm A]-cn-Ñn-¶-\mb B alm\pw F´p-sIm-s­-¶m Ah³ ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ Ako-a-amb
kÀÆ-hym-]nbpw FÃm-¯n-tâbpw Bß kzcq-]-hp-amb ]c- BZ-c-hn\p ]m{X-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶nÃ; AXns\ Ah-tl-fn-¨p-
ta-iz- cs\ Adn-ª- Xn- \p- tijw Úm\n- bmb alm-]p-cp- j³ sIm­p Pohn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m Ah³ ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ

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I Ir]n-bv¡-h-Im-in-bmbn¯ocp-¶n-Ã. Ombm-X]u {_Ò-hntZm hZ´n K

kw_Ôw þ ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-csâ XXz-§sf {ihn-¨n«pw ]©m-átbm tb N {XnWm-Nn-tIXmx
_p²n-bp- ]- tbm-Kn¨p a\\w sNbvXn«pw a\p-jy\v AXp {Kln- ba-cm-P³ ChnsS Pohm-ßm-hn-tâbpw ]c-am-ßm-hn-tâ-
¡p-hm³ F´p-sIm­p km[n-¡p-¶nÃ? AtX-kw- _-Ôn¨p bpw. \nXy-kw-_-Ôs¯ ]cn-N-bs - ¸-Sp-¯n-s¡m­p ]d-
]d-bp¶p þ bp¶p {_Ò-th-¯m-¡-fmb alm-Úm-\n-Ifpw bÚm-Zn-
aw-K-f-IÀ½-§Ä A\p-jvTn-¡p¶ BkvXn-I-a-lm-P-\-§fpw
25. bky {_Ò N £{Xw N
þ FÃm-hcpw Htc kzc- ¯n ]d-bp-¶p. ""Cu a\p-jy-i-cocw
Dt` `hX HmZ\: hfsc ZpÀÃ-`-amb H¶m- W.v ]qÀÆ-P-·mÀÖn- X-amb At\Iw
arXypÀb- tkym-]-tk-N\w ]pWy-IÀ½-§Ä \nan-¯-ambn ]c-a-Ir-]m-ep-hmb ]c-am-
I C°m thZ b{X k. ßmhp Ir]m-]-c-hi - -\mbn Pohn-IÄ¡v Ah-bpsS awK- f-k-
¼m- Z-\-¯n-\mbn Cu t{ijvT-amb ico-cs¯ {]Zm\w sN¿p-
a\p-j y-i -c o-c -§-f n [À½-k z-`m-h -apÅ {_mÒ-W -
Ibpw ]ns¶ Cu Pohm-ßm-hn-t\m-sSm-¯p-Xs¶ kzbw
tâbpw [À½-c- £m-kz-`m-h-apÅ £{Xn-b-tâbpw ico-c-§Ä
AXnsâ Xs¶ lrZ-bm- ´À`m- K¯v þ ]c- {_-Ò-¯nsâ \nhm-
]c- am-ßm-hnsâ {]m]vXn-¡p-th­n AXy-[nIw D¯aw F¶p
k-cq-]-amb t{ijvT-Øm-\¯v þ A´-cym-an-bmbn {]Xn-jT v n-
Icp-Xp-¶p. F¶m Ahbpw B Ime-kz-cq-]-\mb ]c-ta- X-am-bn-cn-¡p-I-bpw, sN¿-p¶p. am{X-a-Ã, Ah c­pw AhnsS
iz-c\p t`mP-\-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. ]ns¶ aäp km[m-cW a\p- Ht¶m-sSm-¶n¨v kXys¯ ]m\w sN¿p-¶p. ip`-IÀ½-
jy-i-co-c-§-fpsS IY F´m-bn-cn¡pw? FÃm-¯n-t\bpw §Ä¡m-h-iy-amb kXv ^es¯ A\p-`-hn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-
kwl-cn-¡p¶ arXyp-tZ-h³t]mepw B ]c-ta-iz-csâ t`mP- ¶p. XoÀ¨-bmbpw c­n-tâbpw A\p-`-h-§-fn hep-Xmb
\-t¯m-Sp-IqSn tNÀ¡-s¸-Sp¶ N«v\nbpw ]¨-¡-dn-Ifpw A´cw D­v. (]-c-am-ßmhv Akw-Khpw At`m-àmhpw
t]mse-bm-Ip-¶p. C§s\ {_mÒW £{Xn-bmZn kakvX BIp-¶p.) Hmtcm Pohn-bp-tSbpw lrZ-b¯ - n hkn-¨p-
Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw kzbw arXyp-hn-tâbpw kwlm-c-I\pw sIm­v AXnsâ ip`-IÀ½-§-fpsS ^ew A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶Xv
B{i-b-Zm-Xmhpw Bb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ GsX-¦nepw a\p-jy\v AP-·m-hm-bn-cp-¶n«pw P·w kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-se-bpÅ
Cu A\nXy a\-Êv, _p²n, C{µn-b§ - Ä hgn-bmbn AXy- At±-l-¯nsâ eoem-hn-emkw am{X-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-\mÂ
tÚ-b-h-kvXp-¡-tf-t¸mse F§s\ Xncn-¨d- n-bp-hm³ Ign- At±lw Bkz-Zn-¡p-¶p-s­- ¦nepw hmkvX- h¯ - n Bkz-
bp-¶p. AJn-et- ¯bpw Adn-bp-¶-hs\ Xncn-¨d- n-bp-¶-Xn- Zn-¡p-¶n-Ã. AsÃ-¦nÂ, H¶p-IqSn ]d-ªm ]c-am-ßmhp
\pÅ kmaÀ°yw BÀ¡p­v? AXm-bXv (]qÀtÆm-à-amb kXys¯ ]m\w sN¿n-¡p-¶p. ip`-IÀ½-§-fpsS ^ew
23-þmw a{´-a-\p-k-cn-¨v) ]c-am-ßmhv Bsc Xsâ Ir]m-]m-{X- A\p-`-hn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Pohm-ßmhp ]m\w sN¿p-¶p. F¶mÂ
am¡n kzX-X z-§Ä {Kln-¸n-¡ p-hm-\ m-{K-l n-¡p-¶ pthm ^e-t`mK ka-b¯p Pohm-ßmhv Ak-MK v -am-bn-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã.
Ah\p am{Xta At±-ls¯ Adn-bp-hm³ km[n-¡p-I-bp- AXv Al-¦m-c- t¯m-Sp-IqSn kpJs¯ D]-t`mKw sN¿p-¶p.
Åq. GsX-¦ nepw kz´w iàn-s Im­v At±-l s¯ C{]-Imcw H¶n-¨n-cp-¶n- «p-IqSn Pohm-ßmhpw ]c-am-ßmhpw
bYmÀ°-cq-]-¯n lrZn-Ø-am-¡p-hm³ km[y-aÃ; F´p- shbnepw \ng-epw-t]mse ]c-kv]cw `n¶-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
sIm-s­-¶m At±lw euIn-IPvtRb hkvXp-¡-sf- Pohm-ßmhp \ngÂt]mse Aev] {]Im-i-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn- bXpw
t¸mse _p²nbp]tbm-Kn¨p Xncn-¨-dn-bp-¶-Xn F¯p-s]- Aev]-Úhpw BIp-¶p. ]c-am-ßmhp shbnÂt]mse
Sp- ¶-Xm-bn-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. ]qÀ®-{]-Im-i-bp-àhpw kÀÆ-Úbpw BIp-¶p. \ng-enÂ
kw_Ôw þ c­mw `mK-¯n Pohm-ßm-hn-tâbpw ]c-am- ImWp¶ Aev]-{]-Imiw F{]-Imcw ]qÀ®-{]- Im-i- cq-]- amb
Xvam-hn-tâbpw kzcq-]-§sf {]tXyIw {]tXyIw hÀ®n-¡p- shbn-en-tâ-Xm-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXp-t]mse Pohm-ßm-hnÂ
Ibpw AXp {Kln-¨n«p {_Òs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xp-sIm­p \ne-\n¡p¶ Aev]-Úm\w t]mepw ]c-am-ßm-hn-tâXp
kn²-am-Ip¶ ^e-s¯-¸än ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶p. Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p.
Npcp-¡-¯n bmsXm-cp-¯s\ ]c-am-ßmhp kzoI-cn-¡p- Cu clkyw {Kln-¨n-«v, a\p-jyÀ X§-fp-tS-Xmb iàn-
¶pthm Ah\p am{Xta At±-ls¯ Adn-bp-hm³ Ign-bp- bn Hcp {]Im-c-¯nepw Al-¦-cn-¡msX A´-cym-ao-cq-]-
¶p-Åq. F¶m ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p- ¶-Xn-\pÅ km[- ¯n kÀÆZm X§-fpsS lrZ-b-§- fn \nh-kn-¡p- ¶p. ]c-
\-Isf AXn kv]jvS-ambn hnh-cn-¨n-«n-Ã. AXn-\m km[- am-ßob ]ca Ir]m-ep-hmb ]c-am-ßm-hns\ \nXyhpw \nc-
\-Isf hni-Zo-Ic
- n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n aq¶mw `mKw Bcw-`n- ´- chpw Nn´n-¨p-sIm­p Ign-b-Ww.
¨p-sIm­v ba-cm-P³ BZy a{´-¯n Pohm-ßm-hn-tâbpw kw_Ôw þ ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {Kln-¡p-¶-Xn\pw {]m]n-¡p-
]c-am-ßm-hn-tâbpw \nXy-kw-_-Ôhpw \nhm-k-Øm-\hpw ¶-Xn-\pÅ kÀtÆm-¯-a-amb km[\ ""At±-ls¯ {Kln-
]d- ªn-cn-¡p-¶ p. ¡p-¶-Xn\pw {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-apÅ iàn {]Zm\w sNt¿-
1. EXw ]n_´u kpIr-Xky temtI Wta'' F¶v At±-lt- ¯mSp {]mÀ°n-¡pI am{X-am-Ip-¶p.
Kplmw {]hnjvSu ]cta ]cmÀt² Cu kwKXn ba-cm-P³ kzbw {]mÀ°n-¨p-sIm­p hyà-
am-¡p-¶p.

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I 2. bx tkXp-co-Pm-\m-\m-a-£cw {_Ò bXv ]cw ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ [ma-¯n F¯n-t¨-cWw F¶pÅ \nÀt±- K

A`bw XnXoÀjXmw ]mcw \mNn-tIXw ihpw \ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
itI-a-ln. Pohm-ßmhv C{]- Imcw sN¿p- I- bm- sW-¦n AXn-io{Lw
]c-am-ßm-hn-¦Â F¯n-t¨-cpw. F¶m AXp kz´w ]c-
ba-cm-P³ ]d-bp-¶p. ""AÃtbm ]c-am-ßm-th, R§Ä¡v
am-\-µ-a-b-`K
- -h-X{v ]m]vXn kzcq-]-amb Cu e£ys¯ taml-
\njv¡m-a-`m-h-t¯m-Sp-IqSn bÚm-Zn-ip` IÀ½-§Ä \S-¯p-
h-i m ad-¶p-t]m-Ip-¶p. AXp _p²n-¡pÅ t{]cW
¶-Xn-\pÅ hn[n-IÄ \¶mbn {Kln-¡p-¶-Xn\pw A§- bpsS
\nÀ¯p-¶-Xp-Im-cWw _p²n-cq-]n-bm-Ip¶ kmcYn A{i-²-
BÚm- ]m- e-\mÀ°w Ahsb A\p- jvTn¨v A§-bpsS {]k-
\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. AXp a\-Êm-Ip¶ ISn-ªm-Wns\ C{µn-
¶X {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw AXn³{]-Imcw bmsXm¶p kwkm-
b-am-Ip¶ ZpjvSm-iz-§-fpsS CÑm-\p-k-cWw hn«p-sIm-Sp-¡p-
c-km-Kc- -¯nsâ A¡-sc-sb-¯p-¶-Xn\v CÑm-ep-hmb hnc-
¶p. XÂ]-cn-Wmaw Pohm-ßmhp hnj-b{- ]-h-W-amb C{µn-
à-]p- cp-j-·mÀ¡p th­n-bpÅ \nÀ`-b-]- Z-am-Ip-¶pthm B
b-§-fpsS A[o-\-am-bn-«v, kwkmc N{I-¯n hogn-¡p¶
]c-ahpw Ahn-\m-in-bp-amb A§m-Ip¶ ]c-{_-Ò-]p-cp-tjm-
euIn-I-i- _vZ-k] v ÀimZn hnj-b-kp-J-§-fn Ae-bp-hm³
¯-a-`-K- hms\ Adn-bp-¶-Xn\pw {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw tbmKy-
XpS-§p-¶p. AXm-bXv `K-hXv {]m]vXn-¡p-th­n D]-I-cn-¡-
am-Ip-¶-Xn-\pÅ Ignhpw kmaÀ°yhpw Zm\w sN¿-tW.''
s¸- tS­ ico- cw, a\-Êv, C{µnbw Ch-bpsS kl-I-c-W-t¯m-
Cu a{´- ¯n ba-cm-P³ ]c-am-ßm-hn-t\mSv At±- Sp-IqsS hnj-bh - n-j§- -fpsS D]-t`m-K-§-fn apgp-In-¡-gn-
ls¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ iàn {]Zm\w sN¿p-¶-Xn-\p- bp-¶p.
th-­n, ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-as\ Adn-bp-¶-Xn\pw {]m]n-
kw_Ôw þ ]c-am-ßm-hn-¦-tebv¡p t]mImsX AXnsâ
¡p-¶-Xn-\p-apÅ Gähpw D¯-ahpw kc-f-hp-amb km[-\-
C{µn-b-§Ä euInI hnj-b-§-fn-te¡v F´p-sIm­p Xncn-
bv¡p-th­n At±-l-t¯mSp {]mÀ°n-¡p-I-bm-W.v
bp¶p F¶p-Å-Xns\ hnh-cn-¡p¶p þ
kw_Ôw þ C\n B ]c-{_-Ò-]p-cp-tjm-¯-asâ ]c-a-[m-a-
5. bkvXz-hn-Úm-\h - m³ `h-X y-bp-tà\
¯n GsXÃmw ]c-a-km-[-Im-k-¼-¶-·mÀ¡p {]th-in-¡p-
a\km kZm
hm³ Ignbpw? Cu Imcyw cYhpw cYnbpw F¶ cq]Iw
hgn-bmbn hyà-am-¡p¶p þ Xtky-{µn-bm-Wy-h -iym\n ZpjvSmizm
Ch kmctY:
3. Bßm\w cYn\w hn²n icocw cY-tah Xp
cYs¯ Aiz-§ÂXs¶ \bn-¡p-¶p. F¶m B
_p²nw Xp kmcYnw hn²n a\x IpXn-c-Isf Ft§m-s«Ãmw \bn-¡Ww? AsXÃmw ISn-
{]{K-l-tah N. ªm¬ ]nSn-¨n-cn-¡p¶ _p²n-am-\mb kmc-Yn-bpsS tPmen-
4. C{µn-bmWn lbm-\m-lpÀhn-jbmw bm-Ip-¶p. C{µn-b-cq-]n-Ifpw Icp-¯-·mcpw ZpÀ[Àj-·m-cp-
kvtXjp tKmN-cm³ amb IpXn-c-IÄ kzm`m-hn- I-am-bn-¯s¶ B]m-X-c-a-Wo- b-§-
Btß-{µn-b-a-t\m-bpàw t`mtà-Xym fmb hnj-b§ - -fm \nd-b-s¸« kwkm-cc - q-]-am-Ip¶ ]¨-
-l pÀa-\o-j nW: ¸pÂh- \ - ¯ nsâ t\sc IpXn-
¨ p- ] m- b p- h m³ CjvS-s¸-Sp-¶p.
F¶m _p²n-bm-Ip¶ kmcYn a\-Êm-Ip¶ ISn-ªm¬
Pohm-ßmhv ]c-am-ßm-hn \n¶pw thÀs]-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. iàn-bmbn hen-¨n«v B IpXn-c-Isf Xsâ \nb-{´- W-¯n-
A\-´-Im-e-ambn AXv A\-h-cXw kwkm-c-cq-]a - m-Ip¶ \-[o-\m-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n ]n¶oSp IpXn-c-IÄ¡p a\-Êm-
tLmc-h-\¯ - n A§n§p kpJs¯ At\z-jn¨v Ae- Ip¶ ISn- ªm- Wnsâ klm-b-t¯m- Sp- IqSn Nn´n- ¡msX Hcp
ªp-Xn-cn-bp-¶p. kpJ-sa¶p IcpXn FhnsS sNÃp-¶pthm `mK-t¯bv¡p t]mIp-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶n-Ã. a\ C{µn-b-§-
Ahn-sS-sbÃmw h³]n¨ coXn-bn h©n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. ]ca fp-ambn kl-I-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ am{Xta AXn\v hnj-b-kp-J-{K-
kpJ-kz-cq-]-\mb ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ kao]w Ah-s\-¯m-¯n- l- W- ¯n\v km[n- ¡-bpÅp; CXv FÃm-hÀ¡pw Adn-bm-hp¶
S-t¯mfw Imew kpJhpw im´nbpw Hcn-¡epw e`y-am-Ip- kwK-Xn-bm-W.v ISn-ªm-Wnsâ klmbw e`n-¡p¶ Zn¡n-
¶n- Ã. Cu Zb-\o-bm-hØ I­p Zbm-a-b-\mb ]c-am-ßmhv tebv¡p IpXnc ]mªp- sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. F¶m Cu ISn-
Ah\p am\-h-i-coc cq]-am-Ip¶ kpµ-chpw kÀÆ-km-[\m ªm¬ icn¡p \nb-{´n¨p sIm­n-cn-t¡-­Xv kmc-Yn-
k¼-¶-hp-amb cYw sImSp- ¯n- cn-¡p-¶p. C{µnb cq]n-I-fmb bpsS Xo£vW_p-²nsb B{i-bn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. _p²n-cq-]n-
ià-·m-cmb Aiz- §-tfbpw sImSp-¯n-cn-¡p-¶p. Ahsâ bm-Ip¶ kmcYn hnth-I-bp-à-ambn kzman-bpsS BÚm-
a\-Êm-Ip¶ kmc-Yn-bpsS ssIhiw Gev]n-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡p- \p-hÀ¯n-bmbn e£y¯n-tebv¡p Ønchpw Dd-¸p-ÅXpw
Ibpw Pohm-ßm-hns\ B cY-¯n {]Xn-jT v n¨v AXnsâ Úm\ k¼-¶hpw C{µn-b-cq-]n-bm-Ip¶ IpXn-c-Isf \bn-
kzman-bm-¡n-bn«v \nc-´cw _p²n-bpsS t{]c-Wb\pk-cn¨p ¡p-¶-Xn kaÀ°-\p-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶n-sÃ-¦n \n¡m-sX,
]c-am- ßm- hn-¦-te-¡m- \-bn-¡p¶ `K-hmsâ \maw, cq]w, eoe, ISn-ªm-Wnsâ klm-b-t¯m-Sq-IpSn cYs¯ apgp-h\pw
[maw apX-em-b-h-bpsS IoÀ¯-\-{i-hWw a\\w apX-embn AXnsâ kzm[o-\ -¯ n-e m-¡ p-I bpw kmc-Y n-b pÄs¸sS
{]i-kX v hpw kl-P-hp-amb amÀ¤-§-fn¡qSn k©-cn¨p cYs¯ H¶msI hen- ¨p- sIm-­p-t]mbn AKm-[- amb KÀ¯-

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I ¯n-tebv¡p ]Xn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. _p²n-bpsS \nb- 8. bkvXp hnÚm-\-hm³ `hXn K

{´-W -¯ n \n¡m¯ C{µn-b -§ Ä (A-{i-² -\ mb ka-\kvI: kZm ipNn:
kmcYntbbpw ZpjvSmw-i-§-tfbpw t]mse) D¯-tcm-¯cw k Xp XXv]-Z-am-]vt\mXn bkvamZv `qtbm
AtX- {]-Imcw Xs¶ DÑrw- J-ea- mbn s]mbvs¡m-­n-cn-¡pw. \ Pmb-tX.
kw_Ôw þ C\n kzbw {i²m-ep-hmbn Xsâ _p²nsb CXn\p hn]-co-X-ambn Bdm- as¯ a{´-a-\p- k-cn¨v kzbw
hnth-I-io-e-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-¡p-¶-Xp-sIm-­pÅ {]tbm-P- {i²m-ep-hmbn Xsâ _p²nsb \nc-´cw hnth-Ikz`mh-
\s¯ hnh-cn-¡p¶p þ t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-¡nbpw X±zmcm a\-Êns\ \nb-{´n¨p
6. bkvXp hnÚm-\-hm³ `hXn ]hn{X `mh-¯n Ønc-s¸-Sp-¯nbpw C{µn-b-§Ä amÀ¤w
bptà\ a\km kZm `K-hmsâ BÚ-b-\p-k-cn¨v ]hn-{X- IÀ½-§sf \njv¡m-
a-` m-h -t ¯m-S p-I qSn BN-c n¨pw AXp-t]mse `K-h m\v
Xtky-{µn-bmWn hiym\n kZizm
AÀ¸Ww sN¿-s¸« t`mK§sf; cmK-tZz-j-cl - n-X-ambn
Ch kmctYx
\njv¡m-a-`m-h-t¯m-Sp-IqSn ico-c-c-\nÀÆ-l-W-¯n-\ mbn
bmsXmcp Pohm-ßmhv Xsâ _p²nsb hnth-I-k-¼-¶- am{Xw D]-t`mKw sNbvXp-sIm­pw Ign-bp-¶pthm Ah³
am- ¡ p- ¶ pthm bmsXm- ¶ nsâ _p² n Xsâ e£ y- `K-hmsâ ]c-a-[m-as¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. ]n¶o-sSm-cn-¡epw
¯n¯s¶ AXy´w {i²-tbm-Sp-IqSn \nXyhpw \nc-´- c- Ahn-sS-\n¶pw Xncn¨p t]mtc-­-Xmbpw hcp-¶n-Ã.
hp-amb ss\]p-Wy-t¯m-Sp-IqSn C{µn-b-§sf k·mÀ¤-
kw_Ôw þ F«m-as¯ a{´- ¯n ]d-b-s¸« Imcy-§sf
¯n¡qSn \bn- ¡p-¶-Xn\p a\- Êns\ _m[y- Ø- am-¡n- s¡m-
ho­pw H¶p-IqSn kv]jvS-hp-am-¡n-s¡m­p cY-¯nsâ
­n-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXnsâ a\Êpw e£y-¯n¯s¶
cq]Iw D]-kw-l-cn-¡p-¶p.
tI{µo-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-Ibpw X±zmcm AXnsâ C{µn-b§ - Ä
\nÝ-bm-ß- Ia - mb _p²n-¡-[o-\-ambn `K-h-Õw-_-Ôn-bmb 9. hnÚm-\-km-c-YnÀbkvXp a\:-{]-{K-
hnj-b-tk- h-\-§- fnÂ, t{ijvTmiz-§Ä {i²m-ep-hmb kmc- l-hm³ \cx
Yn-bpsS \nb-{´-W-¯n AXnsâ \nÀ±njvT amÀ¤-§- tkm[z\: ]mc-am-]vt\mXn XZzn-jvtWm:-
fn¡qSn \bn- ¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-se-Xs¶ kwe-á-am-bn-¯o- ]-caw ]Zw.
cp-¶p.
XrXob a{´w apXÂ H³]Xmw a{´w hsc Ggp-a-{´-
kw_Ôw þ A©m-as¯ a{´-a-\p-k-cn¨v Hcp-¯sâ §-fn-embn cY-¯nsâ cq]-I-¯n Cu Imcyw hyà-am-
_p²nbpw a\Êpw hnth-Ihpw kwb-a-hpw-Iq-Sm-sX-bm-Ip- ¡n-b n-c n-¡ p-¶ p. Cu AXn-ZpÀÃ-` -a mb a\p-j y-i -c ocw
t¼mÄ AXnsâ AhØ F´m-Ip¶p þ AXns\ hnh-cn- bmsXmcp Pohm-ßm-hn\p ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ Ir]-bm e`y-
¡p-¶p. amtbm AXns\ AXn-thKw Poh-¯m¡n `L-hXv {]m]vXn-
7. bkvXz-hn-Ú m-\-hm³ `h-Xy-a-\kvIx bpsS amÀ¤-¯n¡qSn \bn-¡-Ww. icocw A\n-Xy-am-Ip-
kZm-ipNn: ¶p. \nan-jw-tXmdpw AXp £bn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p- ¶p. kz´w
Pohn-X-¯nse Cu Aaqey ka-bs¯ arK-§-sf-t¸mse
\ k XXv]-Z-am-]-t\mXn kwkmcw
tIhew kmwkm-cnI t`mK-§Ä A\p- `-hn- ¡p-¶-Xn- \p-th­n
Nm[n-K-Ñ-Xn.
\in-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-I-bm-sW-¦n ]n¶oSp XpSÀ¨-bmbn P\\
bmsXm-cp-¯sâ _p²n kZm hnth-I-¯nÂ\n¶pw acW cq]-amb kwkm-c-N-{I-¯n AI-s¸«p Id-§p-¶-
IÀ¯-hym-IÀ¯-hy-§-fpsS Úm\-¯nÂ\n¶pw cln- Xn\p _m²y-Ø -am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. GsXmcp al-¯mb Imcy-
Xhpw a\-Êns\ \nb-{´n-¡p-¶-Xn Ak-aÀ°-hp-am-bn-cn- kn-²n-¡p-th­n Cu ZpÀÃ-`-amb a\p-jy-i-cocw e`yam-bn-
¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯sâ a\Êv \n{K- l-c- ln- X-hpw Akw- cn-¡p-¶pthm AXp ]qÀ®-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. AXm-bXv a\p-
b-X-hpw, hnNmc§Ä ZpjnX§fp-am-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw AXp- jyÀ¡p `K-hXv Ir]-bm e`y-am-bn-cn-¡p¶ hnth-I-i-
t]m-se-Xs¶ C{µn-b-§Ä \nc-´cw Zpcm-Nm-c-§-fn apgp- ànsb icn-bmb coXn-bn ssIImcyw sN¿-Ww. kwkm-
In-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm A§- s\-bpÅ _p²n-i-àn- c-¯nsâ A\n-Xy-X-bp-tSbpw Cu B]m-X-c-a- Wo-b- amb hnj-
bn-Ãm¯ a\Êv C{µn-b-§-fpsS kzm[o-\-h-e-b¯ - n- eI- -s¸- b-Po-hn-X-kp-J-§-fp-tSbpw bYmÀ°-amb ZpxJ-kz-`m-hs¯
«n-cn-¡p-¶p. Ahsâ PohnXw Hcn-¡epw ]hn-{X-ambn¯ocp- a\-Ên-em¡n Ch-sb-¸än Nn´n¨pw D]-t`mK§fn \n¶p
¶n-Ã. AXn- \m Ah³ am\- h-i- co-c-t¯m-Sp- IqSn {]m]y-tbm- hnc-à-cmbpw Xoc-Ww. tIhew ico-c-¯nsâ \ne-\n-ev]n-
Ky-amb ]c-a-]-Zs¯ Hcn-¡epw {]m]n-¡p-¶n- Ã. adn¨v Xsâ \m-h-iy-amb IÀ¯- hy-IÀ½-§sf \njv¡m-a-`m-h-t¯m-Sp-
Zpjv¡À½-§-fpsS ]cn-Wm-a-kz-cq-]a - mb Cu kwkm-c-N-{I- IqSn `K-hmsâ BÚ F¶p hnNm- cn¨v A\p-jvTn- ¨p-sIm­v
¯n- eI - -s¸«v Ae-tb-­- Xm-bn-hc
- p-¶p. IqI-c-iq-I-cmZn \oN- kz_p- ²n- bn At±-l-¯nsâ \maw, cq]w, eoe, [maw XYm
tbm-\n-I-fn P\n-¡p-Ibpw acn-¡p-Ibpw sNt¿-­-Xmbn At±-l-¯nsâ AeuInI iàn Assl-Xp-I-{Inb Ch-
hcp-¶p. bn ZrV-hn-izmkw kwPm-X-am-¡p-Ibpw kÀÆ-`m-h-§-

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 55

I tfmSpw IqSn `K-hm-\n¯s¶ tNÀ¶n-cn-¡p-Ibpw thWw. s¸-«n- cn-¡p-¶p. Cu Imc-W-§-sfÃmw sIm­pw AXp-t]mse K
Xsâ a\-Êns\ `K-hmsâ XXz-Nn-´- I-fnepw hmWnsb At±- {_Ò-k q-{X- Im-csâ kmwJy-a-Xm-\p-k -c Ww al-Xzhpw
l-¯nsâ KpW-hÀ®-\-I-fnepw t\{X-§sf At±-l- ¯nsâ Ahyà {]Ir-Xn-cq-]hpw F¶ AÀ°hpw kzoI-cn-¡m-Xn-
ZÀi-\-¯nepw IÀ®-§sf At±-l-¯nsâ aln-am-{i-h-W- cn-¡p-¶-XnÂ\n¶pw ChnsS alm³hn-ti-j-W-t¯m-Sp-IqSn
¯nepw hym]r-X-am-¡-Ww. C{]-Imcw FÃm C{µn-b§ - -fp- Bß-]Z- -¯nsâ Bibw Pohm-ßmhp Xs¶-bm-Ip¶p
tSbpw kw_Ôw `K-hm-\p-ambn kwL-Sn-¸n-¡-Ww. Pohn- F¶pw AwKo-I-cn-¡-Ww. CXn-\m a{´- ¯nsâ kmcmwiw
X-¯nsâ Hcp £Ww t]mepw `K-hmsâ a[p-c-kva-cW C{µn-b-¯nsâ AÀ°w (hn-j-bw) _e-hm³ F¶m-Ip-¶p.
IqSmsX \o§n-t¸m-Ip-hm³ A\p-h-Zn-¡-cp-X.v CXn¯-s¶- Ah km[-Isâ C{µn-b-§sf _em-e¡ v m-c-ambn X¶n-te-
bm-Ip¶p a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-¯nsâ kmÀ°-IX \ne-sIm-Åp- bv¡m-IÀjn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m C{µn-b-§sf
¶-Xv. C{]-Im-c-saÃmw A\p-jvTn¨p Pohn-¡p¶ ]pcp-j³ hnj-b§ - -fnÂ\n¶pw AIän \nÀ¯p-¶Xp km[-I\v DNn-
\nÝ-b-ambpw ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-asâ ANn´y ]c-a-]- X-am-bn-cn-¡pw. hnj-b-§-fn a\Êv _e-hm-\m-Ip-¶p. hnj-
Zs¯ {]m]n-¨n«p kZm-Im-e-t¯mfw IrX-Ir-Xy-\m-bn-¯o- b-§-fn a\Êv A\m-k-à-am-sW-¦n C{µn-bhpw hnj-
cp-¶p. bhpw þ c­n\pw km[-I\p bmsXmcp lm\nbpw kw`-hn-
¸n-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶-X-Ã. a\-Ên-t\-¡mÄ _p²n _e-h-¯m-
kw_Ôw þ D]-cyp-à-amb hÀ®-\-I-fn cY-¯nsâ cq]-
Ip-¶p. AXn-\m _p²n-bp-]-tbm-Kn¨p Nn´n¨v a\-Êns\
I-¯n `K-h-X{v ]m-]vXn-¡p-th-­n-bpÅ km[-\-Isf \nÀt±-
cmK tZzjc-ln-X- am¡n Xsâ \nb-{´- W-¯n-em-¡n-¯oÀ¡-
in-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. B km[-\Ifn hnth-I-_p-²n-tbm-Sp-IqSn
Ww. AXp-t]mse _p²n-tb-¡mÄ Ch-sb-Ãm-¯n-tâbpw
a\-Êns\ \nb-{´W hnt[-b-am¡n C{µn-b-§sf hn]-co-X-
kzman-bmb alm³ "Bßmhv' _e-hm-\m-Ip-¶p. AXnsâ
amÀ¤-¯n \n¶pw AIän `K-hXv {]m]vXn-¡pÅ amÀ¤-§-
BÚ ]men-¡p-¶-Xn\v Ch-sbÃmw _m²y-Ø-am-W.v AXn-
fn-tebv¡p \bn-t¡­ Imcyw hyà-am-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
\m a\p-jyÀ¡v Bß-i-àn-bpsS A\p-`-h-a-dnªv AXp-
CXn asämcp {]iv\w DÛ-hn-¡p-¶p. kzm`m-hn-I-ambn
h-gn-bmbn _p²n apX- emb FÃm-h-säbpw \nb-{´-W-hn-t[-
ZpjvShpw _e-h-¯p-amb C{µn-b-§sf AXp-IÄ¡n-jSv -s¸-
b-am-¡n-¯oÀ¡-Ww.
«Xpw Ak-¯p-amb amÀ¤-§-fn \n¶pw F{]-Imcw amän-
hn-Smw. AXn-\m Cu Imcys¯ XmXzn-I-ambn hnth-Nn-¨n«v 11. alXx ]c-a-hy-à-a-hy-àmXv ]pcpj: ]c:
C{µn-b-§sf Ak-·mÀ¤-§-fn \n¶pw XSªp `K-hm-\n-
]pcp-jm¶ ]cw Inw NnÕm ImjvTm km
te¡v Xncn-¨p-hn-Sp-¶-Xn-\pÅ D]m-b-§sf \nÀt±-in-¡p-¶p.
]cm KXm:
10. C{µn-tb`yx ]cm lyÀ°m AÀt°-`yÝ
Cu a{´-¯n "Ahyà' ]Zs¯ `K-hmsâ {XnKp-W-
]cw a\:
a-bn-bmb ssZhn-I-am-bm-i-àn-¡p-th­n {]bp-à-am-¡n-bn-
a\-kkvXp ]cm _p²nÀ_p-t²-cmßm cn-¡p- ¶p. AXp-t]mse bmsXm- ¶n-\m tamln- X- amb Poh³
alm³]cx `K-hms\ Adn-bp-¶n-Ãtbm AXp-X-s¶- bm-Ip¶p Pohm-ßm-
Cu a{´-¯n "]c' F¶ hmIv {]tbmKw _e-hm³ hn-tâbpw ]c-am-ßm-hn³tdbpw CS-b¡ v pÅ ad. X¡m-c-
F¶À°-¯n-em-Ip-¶p. Cu Imcyw {]tXyIw a\-Ên-em-¡- Ww- s Im­p Pohm- ß m- h n\p kÀÆ- h ym- ]nbpw A´-cym-an-bp-
Ww. F´p-sIm-s ­-¶ m Imcy-I m-c -W -` m-h -t¯mtSm amb ]c- t a- i z- cs\ \nXyhpw kao- ] - Ø - \m- bn- cp- ¶n«pw ImWp-
kq£va-X-bpsS ZrjvSn-bntem C{µn-b§ - sf At]-£n¨p hm\pw {Kln- ¡ p- hm\pw km[n- ¡ p- ¶ n- Ã . CXn-s\-bmWv Cu
i_vZmZn hnj-b§ - sf t{ijvTw F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv bpàn- {]I-c-W-¯n Pohm-ßm-hn-s\-¡mÄ _e-hm-s\¶p ]d-bp-
bp-à-am-bn-cn-¡p-I-bn-Ã. CXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ "alm³' F¶ ¶- Xv. Pohm-ßm-hn\p kz´w iàn- sIm­v Cu ambsb amäp-
hnti-j-Wt- ¯m-Sp-IqSn Bßm F¶ ]Zw Pohm-ßm-hns\ ¶-Xn\p Ignbp-¶n-Ã. `K-hms\ icWw {]m]n- ¨pIgnªmÂ
Dt±-in-¨p-Å-Xm-Ip¶p; al-Xz- ¯n-sâ-bm-Ip-¶n-Ã. Pohm-ßmhv ¯s¶ At±-l-¯nsâ Ir]m-_-e-¯m AXn\v CXnÂ
Ch-s b-à m-¯ n-tâbpw A[n-I m-c n-b m-I p-¶ p. AXn-\m \n¶pw Ic-I- b-dp- hm³ km[n-¡p-¶p. ChnsS "Ahyà' ]Zw-
AXns\ kw_-Ôn¨v "alm³' F¶ hnti-jWw kÀÆYm sIm­p kmwJy-a-Xm-h-ew-_n-If - psS "{][m-\-XXzw' kzoI-cn-
DNn-X-hp-am-Ip-¶p. Bß-X- Xz-¯nsâ Bi-b-¯n CXnsâ ¡- W - s a- ¶ nÃ; F´p- s Im- s ­- ¶ m Ah-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-
{]tbmKw D­m-Ip-Ib - m-sW-¦n Bß-]-Z-{]-tbm-K- ¯nsâ ¯n "{][m\w' kzX- {´- a m- I p- ¶ p. AXv Bßm-hn-\p-]-cn-bm-
bmsXm-cm-hi - y-I-Xbpw D­m-Ip-am-bn-cp-¶n- Ã. _p²n-XXzw bn-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. AXp- t]mse Bßm-hn\p t`mKhpw apànbpw
AXy´w al-Xz-ap-ÅX - p-X-s¶. AXp asämcp Imcyw. XXz- þ c­p-h-kvXp-¡fpw \ÂIn-b-Xnsâ Xm¸cyw C{µn-b-
- -c-¯n CXn bmsXmcp t`Zhpw AwKo-I-cn- §Ä, a\-Êv, _p²n Ch-sb-Ãm-än-sâbpw ta Bßm-hn\v
hn-Nm-cm-hk
¡-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. CXp IqSmsX apt¼m-«p-h-cp-t¼mÄ \ntcm-[-\- A[n-Im-c-ap-s­-¶m-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m AXp kzbw Ahsb
¯nsâ (Hcp XXzs¯ asäm¶n eo\-am-¡p-t¼mÄ) hni- \nb-{´n¨v `K-hm-\n-tebv¡v B\-bn-¡p-¶p. F¶m Cu
- -W-ap-­m-Ip-t¼mÄ Ahn-sSbpw _p²n-bpsS \ntcm- Bßm-hn-s\-¡mÄ _e-h-¯mb asämcp XXzw IqSn-bp-­v.
Zo-Ic
[\w al-¯mb Bßm-hn tNÀ¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n ]d-b- AXnsâ \ma-amWv "Ahy- -àX'. NneÀ amb-sb¶pw hnh-

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 56

I £n-¡p-¶p. CXn-t\mSp Poh-k-ap-Zmbw taml-_²- -cmbn hntij-¯n F¯n-t¨-c-Ww. XZ-\-´cw kzbw ap³\n-Ý- K
CXnsâ he-bn Ipcp-§p-¶p. CXns\ amän-¡-f-bp-hm³ b-a-\p-k-cn¨p im´-ambn Bß-cq-]-amb ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-
Pohn-IÄ¡p km[n-¡p-¶n-Ã. AXn-\m CXn-s\-¡mÄ _e- ¯-a-\n hneo-\- am-bn-¯o-cpw.
hm-\mbn AXnsâ kzman-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xp ]c-a-]p-cp-j-\mb
kw_Ôw þ C{]-Imcw ]c-am-ß-kz-cq-]s¯ hÀ®n-¨n«v
]c-ta-iz-c-\m-Ip-¶p. At±lw _ew, {Inb, Úm\w BZn-
AXp-t]mse AXns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xp-sIm-­pÅ al-Xzhpw
bmb FÃm iàn-I-fp-tSbpw A´n-am-h[ - nbpw {][m-\m-[m-
km[-\bpw \nÀt±-in-¨p. C\n {ipXn a\p-jysc {i²m-ep-¡-
chpw BWv. At±- l- s¯- ¯s¶ icWw {]m]n- ¡Ww. At±-
fm-¡n-s¡m­v ]d-bp¶p þ
lw. Zbm-hm-\mbn Cu ambm-cq-]a - m-Ip¶ adsb kzbw
hen¨p amäp-t¼mÄ AtX £Ww Xs¶ `K-hXv {]m]vXn-bp- 14. D¯n-jvTX Pm{KX {]m]y hcm-¶n-t_m-[X
­m-Ipw. Fs´¶m At±lw kZm kÀÆ{X ØnX-\m- £pcky [mcm \ninXm Zpc-Xybm ZpÀ¤w
Ip-¶p. ]YkvX XvIhtbm hZ-´n.
kw_Ôw þ Cu Bibw Xs¶ ASp¯ a{´- ¯n H¶p- AÃtbm a\p-jy-tc, \n§Ä P·- P-· m-´ -c-§ -fmbn
IqSn kv]jvS-am-¡p-¶p. AÚm\ \n{Z-bn ebn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. Ct¸mÄ ]c-
12. Gj kÀtÆjp `qtXjp KqtVmßm am- ßm-hnsâ Ir]- bm \n§Ä¡v Cu ZpÀÃ` a\p- jy-i-cocw
\ {]Im-itX e`n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. CXp e`n-¨X- p-sIm­v C\n Hcp \nanjw
t]mepw {]am-Z-¯n \jvS-s¸-Sp-¯-cp-X.v AXn-thKw {i²m-
ZriytX Xz{Kybm _p²ym kq£vabm
ep-¡-fm-bn-¯o-cp-hn³. t{ijvT-·m-cmb alm-]p-cp-j-·m-cpsS
kq£va ZÀin`n:
kao]w sN¶v Ah- cpsS D]-tZiw hgn-bmbn X§-fpsS awK-
Cu ]c-{_-Ò-]p-cp-tjm-¯ -a`Khm³ FÃm-¯n-t âbpw f-amÀ¤hpw ]c-am-ßm-hns\ kw_-Ôn-¨pÅ cl-ky-§fpw
A´-cym-an-bm-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m FÃm Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw lrZ- {Kln-¨p-sIm-Åp-I. ]c-am-ß-XXzw hfsc Kl-\a - m-Ip¶p;
b-§-fn hncm-Pn-¨p-sIm-­p-an-cn-¡p-¶p. F¶m kz´w AXnsâ kzcq-]-Úm-\w, X {]m]vXn-¡pÅ amÀ¤w Ch
ambm-a-d-bn Hfn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶Xp ImcWw BÀ¡pw At±- alm-ßm-¡-fpsS klm-bw-sIm­pw ]c-am-ß-Ir-]-sIm-­p-
ls¯ Adn-bp-hm³ Ign-bp-¶n-Ã. bmsXm-cp-¯³ `K-hm- a-ÃmsX km[n-¡p-¶-Xv, Xo£vW-amb ITm-cb - psS [mc-
\n B{i-bn¨v Xsâ _p²nsb Xo£vW-am-¡p-¶pthm bn¡qSn \S-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse AXy´w ZpkvX- c-am-Ip-¶p.
kq£va-ZÀin-bmb Ah-\p-am{Xw `K-hXv Ir]-bm At±- C{]-Imcw ZpÀ¤-a-amb amÀ¤-§-fn¡qSn kpK-a-ambn A¡-
ls¯ ZÀin-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p. c-bsv ¡-¯p-¶-Xn-\pÅ kc-f-amb D]mbw kzbw A¡-sc-
sb-¯n-¡-gnª A\p-`-hÚ - m-\n-I-fmb alm-ßm-¡Ä¡p
kw_Ôw þ hnth-I-io-e-cmb Bfp-IÄ `K-h-Ñ-cWcmbn
am{Xta ]d-ªp-X-cp-hm³ km[n-¡-bp-Åq.
F{]-Imcw `K-hXv {]m]vXn-¡p-th­n km[\ A\p-jvTn-
¡Ww þ CXp hnNm-cn-¨p-sIm­p ]d-bp¶p þ kw_Ôw þ {_Ò {]m]vXn-¡pÅ amÀ¤w C{Xbv¡p ZpkvX-
c-am-b-sX- -´p-sIm­v? Cu PnÚm-km-]qÀ¯n¡v ]c-amß
13. btÑ-ZzmMv a\ko {]mÚ-
kzcq-]s¯ hÀ®n-¨p-sIm­v AXns\ {Kln-¡p-¶-Xp-sIm-
kvXZ- y-tÑPv Úm\ Bß\n
­pÅ ^es¯ ]d-bp-¶p.
Úm\-am-ß\n alXn \nbtѯ-
Zy-Ñm´ Bß\n 15. Ai-_vZ-a-kv] Ài-a-cq-] -a-h ybw
XYm-ckw \nXy-a-K-Ô-h¨ bXv
_p²n-am-·mÀ BZy-am-bn«v hm¡v apX-emb C{µn-b-§sf
_mly-hn-j-b-§-fnÂ\n¶pw ]n³h-en¨p a\-ÊnÂXs¶ A\m-Zy-\´w alX: ]cw {[phw
HXp-¡-Ww. AXm-bXv AXns\ bmsXmcp IÀ½-§fpw \nNm¿ X·r-Xyp-ap-JmXv {]ap-Ny-tX.
sN¿p-hm³ Ign-hn-Ãm¯ Ah-Ø-bn-em-¡-Ww. a\-ÊnÂ
Cu a{´-¯n B ]c-{_-Ò] - -c-am-ßm-hns\ {]mIr-X- i-
hnjb§fpsS A¦pcw D­m-Im-Xn-cn-¡-Ww. Cu km[\
_vZ, kv]Ài, cq], ck, KÔ-c-ln-X- s\¶p ]d-ªp-sIm­v
icn-bmbn hcp-t¼mÄ a\-Êns\ Úm\-kz-cq-]-amb _p²n-
kmwkm-c n-I -hnjb§sf {Kln-¡ p¶ C{µn-b -§Ä¡v
bn hneo-\-am-¡-Ww. AXm-bXv GI-am-{Xhpw hnÚm-\-
AhnsS hsc F¯p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶n-söp shfn-hm-¡p- ¶p.
kz-cq-]hpw \nÝ-bmXv aI-hp-am-b _p²n-bpsS {]hÀ¯-\-
At±lw \nXy\pw Ahn-\m-inbpw A\m-Znbpw koam-c-ln-
§Ä IqSmsX a\- Ênsâ `n¶- k¯ amdp- ¶n-Ã. aäp bmsXmcp
X\pw BIp-¶p. Pohm-ßm-hnepw t{ijvThpw kÀÆ-Ym-k-
hn[-amb Nn´IÄ¡pw CS-am-I-cp-Xv. ChnSw hsc ZrV-amb
Xyhpw BIp-¶p. At±-ls¯ Adn-ªn«p a\pjyÀ \nXy-
A`ymkw sNbvXp-I-gn-bp-t¼mÄ Úm\-kz-cq-]-amb _p²n-
ambn P\-\-a-c-W-§-fnÂ\n¶p tamN\w t\Sp-¶p.
sbbpw Pohm-ßm-hnsâ ip²-amb kzcq-]-¯n hneo-\-am-
¡Ww; AXm-bXv X¶nÂ\n¶pw `n¶-am-bn, GI-am-{X-amb kw_Ôw þ D]-tZ-is¯ ]qÀ¯n-bm-¡n-bn«v C\n Cu
Bß-X-Xz-an-ÃmsX aäp bmsXmcp hkvXp-hntâtbm kvarXn- BJym- \s¯ {ihn-¡p-¶Xpw hÀ®n-¡p-¶Xpw sIm­pÅ
bp-tStbm IWnI-t]mepw Ahtijn-¡m¯ Ah-Øm- amlm- ßys¯ ]d-bp¶p þ
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I 16. \mNn-tI-X-ap-]m-Jym\w arXyp-t{]màw k^-e-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n Ah amÀ¤-ambn \ho\ ip`- K

k\m-X\w IÀ½-§sf A\p-jT v n-¡p-hm\pw km[n-¡p-¶p. a\p-jy³
Dàzm {ipXzm N ta[mho {_Ò-temtI C{µn-b§- Ä aqew kzmØy-{]-Zhpw kp_p-²n-Zm-b-Ihpw
alo-b-tX. hnip-²hpw Bb hnj-b§ - sf kzoI-cn-¨n«p kpJ-amb
PohnXw \bn-¨p-sIm­p ]c-am-ßm-hn-¦-tebv¡v F¯n-t¨-
Cu A²ym-b-¯n \Nn-tI-X-Ên\v ba-cm-P³ \ÂInb cp- ¶-Xn-\pÅ D]m-[n-bm-bn«v C{µn-b-§sf \nÀ½n-¨n- cn-¡p- ¶p.
D]- tZiw Hcp ]pXnb Imcy- sam- ¶p-a-Ã, CXp ]c-¼-cm- K-X- amb AXn-\m kzbw-`q-hmb `K-hm³ C{µn-b§ - -fpsS apJw
k\m-X-\-amb D]m-Jym-\-am-Ip-¶p. _p²n-bpÅ a\p-jyÀ shfn-bn-te-¡mbn LSn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. F¶m hnthI
CXns\ hÀ®n¨pw {ihn¨pw {_Ò-tem-I-¯n {]XnjvT iq\y-X-bm A[n-I- am-fpIfpw C¡mcyw {Kln-¡msX hnj-
t\Sp- ¶p. bm-k -à cpw D·-¯ -c p-a mbn B]mX ca-W o-b - § -fmb
17. b Caw ]caw Kplyw {imh-tbZv ]cnWm-a-§-fn `K-hm-\nÂ\n¶pw AI¶v ZpxJ-tim-Ia - b
{_Ò-kw-kZn \c-I-§-f n F¯n-¡ p-¶ -h-bmb Aip-² -h n-j bt`mK
{]bX: {im²-Imte hm XZm-\-´ymb Iev]-tX. §fn Xs¶ apgp-In-¡-gn-bp-¶p. AhÀ A´-cym-an-bmb
]c-am-ßm-hnsâ t\À¡v t\m¡p-¶nà Xs¶. Npcp¡w Nne
XZm-\-´ymb Iev]X CXn.
_p²n-a m-· mÀ am{Xw kÕw-K w-s Im­pw kzm²ymbw
bmsXm-cp-¯³ hnip-²-\m-bn«v {i²-tbm-Sp-IqSn Cu ]c- sIm­pw `K-hXv Ir]-bm Aip-²-hn-jbt`mK§fpsS
a-c-l-ky-amb {]`m-j-Ws¯ XXz-hn-th-N-\m-]qÀÆw `K-hXv ]cn-Wm-a-Zpx-J-§sf Adnªv Aar-X- kz-cq-]-\mb ]c-am-ßm-
t{]an-Ifpw ip²-lr-Zb- -cp-amb {_mÒ-W-cpsS kZ-Ên hns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ CÑ-bm t{]cn-X- cmbn _mly
tIĸn-¡p-¶pthm AYhm {im²-Im-e- §-fn t`mP\w Ign- hnj-b-kpJ§fnÂ\n¶pw ]n´n-cnªv Ahsb `K-h-Õw-
¡p¶ {_Ò-Wsc tIĸn-¡p-¶pthm Ahsâ Cu hÀ®- _-Ôn-bmb hnj-b-§-fn {]th-in-¸n¨v A´-cm-ßm-hns\
\-cq-]-amb IÀ½w A\-´-amb ^es¯ {]Zm\w sN¿p-¶- A´-cym-an-bm-b, ]c-am-am-ßm-hns\ ZÀin-¡p-¶p.
Xm-Ip-¶p. A\-´-am-Ip-¶-Xn\p kaÀ°-hp-am-Ip-¶p. H¶p-
2. ]cmN: Imam-\-\p-b´n _memþ
IqSn ]d-ªp-sIm­v Cu kn²m-´-¯nsâ \nÝn-X-Xzhpw
A²ym-b-¯nsâ kam-]X v n-bpsS e£yhpw Ipdn-¡p-¶p. kvtX artXymÀb´n hnX-Xky ]miw
AY [ocm Aar-XXzw hnZnXzm
[vdph-a-[vdp-th-jznl \ {]mÀ°-b-t´.
A²ymbw 2.
bmsXm-cp-¯³ hnj-b-§-fpsS sh«n-¯n-f-§epw B]m-
kw_Ôw þ ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßmhv FÃm Pohn-I-fnepw X-cm-a-Wo-b-Ihpw I­n«v Ah-bn Bk-à-\mbn Ahsb
ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. F¶m Hcp-¯À¡pw ImW-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. {]m]n-¡p- ¶- Xn\pw t`mKn-¡p- ¶-Xn\pw th­n ZpÀÃ- `hpw Aaq-
hfsc hnc- f - a m- b nt« BÀs¡- ¦ nepw kq£va -_ p- ² n- ey-hp-amb a\p-jy-Po-hn-Xs¯ \in-¸n-¡p-¶pthm Ah³
bn¡qSn At±-ls¯ ZÀin-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p-Åq. B AXy´w _p²n-lo-\-\m-Ip-¶p. \nÝ-b-ambpw Ah³ kÀÆ-
{_Ò Xsâ Xs¶ lrZ-b-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿pt¼mÄ FÃm- Im- e- hym- ]n-bmb arXyp-hnsâ ]mi¯m _Ôn-¡-s¸- Sp-¶p.
hÀ¡pw Xm´m-§-fpsS _p²n-bm-Ip¶ t\{X-§Ä hgn ZoÀL-Imew hsc \m\m-{]-Im-c-§-fn-epÅ tbm\n-I-fnÂ
F´p-sIm­p ImWp-hm³ Ign-bp-¶nÃ? Npcp¡w NneÀ¡v P\\w kzoI-cn-¨p- sIm­pw IqsS-¡qsS acn-¨p-sIm­pw Ccn-
F´p- sIm­p ImWp- hm³ Ign- bp¶p? A§s\ Hcp {]iv\w ¡p- ¶p. F¶m _p²n-am-·m-cm-bn-«p-Å-hÀ Cu hnj-b-s¯-
DZn-¡p-¶p. CXn\p adp-]Sn ]d-bp¶p þ ¸än Kl-\-ambn C§s\ Nn´n-¡p-¶p. Cu C{µn-b-§-fpsS
1. ]cm©n Jm\n hyXr-WXv kzbw-`qþ t`mK§sfÃmw PohnIÄ¡p aäp tbm\n-IÄam{Xw k¼m-Zn-
¨p-sIm-Sp-¡p- hmt\ ]cym- ]vX- am- I- bp-Åq. a\p-jy- i- cocw FÃm-
kvXkvamXv ]cm-Mv]-iyXn \m´-cm-ß³
¯nepw hne-£- W-am- W.v AXnsâ hmkvX-hn- tIm-t±iw hnj-
IÝn-²o-c x-{]-Xy-Km-ß m-\-ssa£ tbm- ]- t`m-K-¯n- \m- bn-s¡m- ­- Ã. C{]- Imcw Nn´n-¨n«v CXnsâ
Zmhr¯ N£pc-ar-XXz anѳ. Dt±iw Aar-X- kz-cq-]\pw \nXy-\p-amb ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-
i_vZw, kv]Àiw, cq]w, ckw, KÔw Cu C{µn-b§ - - hns\ {]m]n-¡p-I-bm-sW¶pw AXv Cu ico- c-¯n¯s¶
fpsS FÃm Øqe-hn-jb - -§fpw ]pd-ta-bp-Åh
- b- m-Ip-¶p. e`y-am-Ip-sa¶pw DÅ Imcyw Ah\p a\-Ên-em-Ip-t¼mÄ
CXnsâ bYmÀ°-amb Adn-hn-\p-th-­n-bm-Ip¶p C{µn-b- Ah³ kÀÆ-tXm-`m-h-¯n At±-l-¯n-tebv¡p Xncn-bp-
§sf cNn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m Ch-bpsS Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. ]ns¶ Ah³ Cu hn\mi kz`mh-t¯m-
Úm\- an- ÃmsX a\p- jyÀ¡v GsX- ¦nepw hnj- b- ¯nsâ cq]- Sp-Iq-Snb PK-¯n £W-`w-Kp-c-§-fmb t`mK§sf {]m]n-
t¯tbm KpW-t¯tbm Adn-bp-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶n-Ã. AXp- ¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ A`n-em-j-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Ncn-¡p-¶n-Ã. Ah-
t]mse Xs¶ Ahsb bYm-tbmKyw {Kln-¡p-Ibpw XyPn- bn \n¶pw kÀÆYm hnc-à-\m-bn«v AXy´w {i²m-ep-
¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. `K-hmsâ C{µn-b-\nÀ½m-tWm-t±-is¯ hmbn ]c-amÀ°-km-[-\-I-fn hym]r-X- \m-bn-¡-gn-bp-¶p.

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I 3. tb\ cq]w ckw KÔw i_vZm³ F¦n Ah\v ]n¶oSv B aln-am- ab kzcq-]s¯ Hcn- ¡epw K
kv]ÀimwÝ ssaYp-\m³ ad-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶-X-Ã. AXn-\m Ah³ Hcn-¡epw
GtX-ss\h hnPm-\mXn Ina{X ]cn-in-jy-tX. Btcbpw \nµn-¡p-¶n-Ã, BtcmSpw shdp¸pw hntZz-jhpw
GXssZz XXv. {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶n- Ã. \Nn-tI- X-tÊ, \o GsXmcp {_Ò- s¯- ¸än
tNmZn- ¨n-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXv CXp-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. AXn-s\- ¯-
i_vZw, kv]Àiw, ckw, KÔw apX-emb FÃm hn[- s¶-bmWp Rm³ apI-fn hÀ®n¨p Ign-ªn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.
¯n-epÅ hnj-b-§-fnÂ\n¶pw kv{Xok-lh - m-k-¯nÂ
\n¶pw e`y-am-Ip¶ kpJ-§fpw a\p-jy\v GsXmcp ]c-a- kw_Ôw þ {_lvaw XpS-§n Ømh-c-]-cy´w kI-e-Po-hn-
tZ-h-\nÂ\n¶pw e`y-am-bn-«pÅ Úm\-i-àn-Zzmcm A\p-`- Ifpw B ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c-\m D¸-¶-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
h-ap-­m-Ip-¶pthm At±-l¯ - m \ÂI-s¸-«n-«pÅ iàn- AXm-bXv Fs´- Ãm- apt­m Ah- sbÃmw At±-l-¯nsâ cq]-
sIm-­p-Xs¶ Ch-bpsS £W-`w-Kp-c-XIsf a\-Ên-em-¡p- hn-ti-j-§-fm-Ip-¶p. At±-l-¯nÂ\n¶pw `n¶-ambn Chn-
¶p. Cu kpJ-§-fn ChnsS Ahtijn-¡p-¶Xv F´v sS bmsXm¶pw Xs¶bn-à . F´p-sIm-s ­-¶ m Cu
F¶v Nn´n-¨m Ch-sbÃmw {]Xn-£Ww amdn-s¡m-­n-cn- k¼qÀ® PK-¯nsâ A`n-¶- \n-an-t¯m-]m-Zm-\- Im-cWw GI-
¡p-¶Xpw hn\mi kz`m- h- t¯m-Sp- Iq-Sn- bXpw BsW¶pw a\- am-{X-\mb ]c-ta-iz-c³ Xs¶- bm-Ip¶p; At±lw GI-\m-bn-
Ên-em-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p. Ch-sb-Ãm-¯n- tâbpw ]c-am-Im- ¯s¶ AJn-e-¯nepw IpSn-sIm-Åp-¶p. C\n XÕw-_-Ô-
c-W-\mb GI-am{X ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c³ am{Xw \nXy-\m- ambn ]d-bp¶p þ
Ip-¶p. At±lw BZyw D­m-bn-cp-¶p, Ah-km\w D­m- 6. bx ]qÀÆw X]tkm PmX-aZv`y:
bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw. AXn-\m AÃtbm \Nn-tI-X-tÊ, ]qÀh-a- P m-b X
\n¶m tNmZn- ¡- s¸« {_Ò- XXzw CXp- X-s¶- bm- Ip¶p; AXv
Kplmw {]hniy XnjvT´w tbm
FÃm-¯n-tâbpw _m¡nbpw FÃm-¯n³tdbpw A´yhpw
`qtX-`nÀhy-]-iy-X. GXssZz XXv.
AJn- e¯- n-tâbpw A[n-]-Xnbpw AJn-e-¯ntâbpw ]ca
KXnbpw BIp-¶p. bmsXm¶p Pe-¯n \n¶pw D]-e-£n-X-amb ]Ý-a-lm-
`q-X-§Ä¡pw ap¼v lnc-Wy-KÀ` {_Òm-hnsâ cq]-¯nÂ
4. kz]v\m-´w-Pm-K-cn-Xm´w tNm`u
{]Xy-£-am-bn-cp-¶pthm At±lw Xtâ-Xs¶ k¦-ev]-cq-]-
tb\m-\ p- ]-i yXn
amb X]-Ên-\m {]I-S-am-Ip-¶-h\pw AJn- eP - o-h-Pm-e-§-
alm´w hn`p-am-ßm\w aXzm [otcm fp-tSbpw lrZ-b-Kp-lIfn {]hn-jSv -\mbn Ah-tbm-Sp-IqSn
\ timN-Xn. kl-h-kn-¡p¶ ]c-ta-iz-c-s\, bmsXm-cp-¯³ At±lw
GsXmcp ]c-am-ßm- hnsâ kl- tbm-Kw- sIm­v Cu Pohm- FÃm-h-cp-tSbpw lrZ-b§ - -f nepw A[n-hk - n-¡ p-¶-h\pw
ßmhp kz]v\m-h-Ø-bnepw Pm{K-Z-h-Ø-bnepw kw`-hn- FÃm-¯n-tâbpw A´-cym-an-bp-S-amb ]c-ta-iz-c³ Xs¶- bm-
¡p¶ FÃm kw`h§fp-tSbpw A\p-`hw IqsS-¡qsS Ip-¶p-sh¶pw Cu k¼qÀ® PK¯v At±-l-¯nsâ aln-
{]m]n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶pthm Ch-sbÃmw Adn-bp-¶-X n- a-bm {]Im-in-¡p-¶p-sh¶pw {Kln-¡p-¶pthm Ah³
\pÅ iàn CXn\v GsXmcp ]c-{_Ò ]c- ta-iz-c-\nÂ\n¶pw bmYmÀ°y-s¯- ¯s¶ {Kln-¡p-¶p. AJn-e- lr-Z-b-§-fnÂ
e`y-am-b n-c n-¡ p-¶ pthm bmsXm-¶ nsâ Ir]-bm Cu A[n-h-kn-¡p-¶-h-\mb km£m ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c-s\-
Pohn¡v AXnsâ (]-c-am-ßm) hnÚm-\iànbpsS Hcwiw ¯-s¶-bmWp \o Adn-hm³ B{K-ln-¨-Xv.
{]m]vX -a m-b n-c n-¡ p-¶ p-thm, Ah-b vs ¡-Ã m-a p- ] -c n-b mbn kw_Ôw þ AtX ]c-{_- Òs¯ C\n AZn-Xn-tZ-hn-bpsS
al¯pw kÀÆZm kÀÆ{X hym]vXhpw Bb ]c-{_Ò ]c- cq]-¯n hÀ®n-¡p¶p þ
ta- iz-cs\ Adn-bp¶ [oc-]pcpj³ Hcn- ¡epw bmsXmcp Imc-
W-hi - mepw tei-am{Xw t]mepw timIw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶n-Ã. 7. bm {]mtW\ kw`-h-Xy-Zn-XnÀtZ-h-Xm-abo
Kplmw {]hniy XnjvT´ow bm
5. b Caw a[zZw thZ Bßm\w Poh-a-´n-ImXv
`qtX-`nÀhy-Pm-b-X. GXssZz XXv.
Cuim\w `qX-`h
- yky \ XtXm hnPq-Kp-]vk-
kÀÆ tZh-Xm-a-bn-bmb `K-hXn AZn-Xn-tZhn Gähpw
tX. GXssZz XXv.
BZyw B ]c-{_-Ò- ¯nsâ k¦-ev]-¯nÂ\n¶pw FÃm PK-
bmsXmcp km[-I³ AJne Poh {]Zm-b-I\pw Pohn-I- ¯n-tâbpw Poh\ iàn-tbm-Sp-IqSn DÛ-hn¨pw FÃm Pohn-
fpsS ]c-a-Po-h\pw Ahsb kz´w IÀ½-^ew A\p-`-hn- I-tfbpw _oP-cq-]-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Xt¶m-Sp-tNÀ¯pw {]Xy-£-
¸n-¡p-¶-h\pw `qXw, hÀ¯-am-\w, `mhn F¶o PK-¯p-¡- am-bn-cp-¶p. lrZ-bq-c-]-am-Ip¶ Kpl-bn {]hn-jvS-bmbn
fpsS GI-am{X `c-Wm-[n-Im-cnbpw Bb ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz- Ahn- sS-¯s¶ hkn-¡p¶ B `K-h-Xn, `K-hmsâ ANn´y
cs\ ""A´-cym-an-bmbn \nc-´cw Xsâ kao-]-¯nepw lrZ- alm-i- àn, `K-hm-\nÂ\n¶pw kÀÆYm A`n-¶-am-Ip¶p; `K-
b-¯nepw ØnXn-sN-¿p¶p F¶p {Kln-¡p-¶p-thm, AXp- hm-sâbpw Ah-fp-sSbpw iàn- bn bmsXmcp hyXym-k-
t]m-se-Xs¶ At±lw FÃm-h-cp-tSbpw lrZ-b§ - -fnepw hp-an-Ã. `K-hm³ Xs¶ iàn-cq-]¯ - n FÃm-h-cp-tSbpw
hkn-¡p¶p F¶pw kzm`m-hn-I-ambn A\p-am-\n-¡p¶p lrZ- b - § - f n {]th- i n- ¨ n- c n- ¡ p- ¶ p. \Nn- t I- X - t Ê,
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I GsXm¶ns\-¸än \o PnÚm-kp-hm-bn-cp-¶pthm AXp Xs¶ 10. btZ-thl XZ-ap{X bZ-ap{X XZ-\znl K

B ]c-{_-Ò-am-Ip-¶p. artXym: k arXyp-am-]vt\mXn b Cl
AYhm þ P\-\o-cq-]-¯n kakvX tZh-It- fbpw krjvSn- \mt\h ]iy-Xn.
¨-Xp-I m-cWw AhÄ kÀÆ-tZ-h-Xm-a -bn-bmbn; i_vZmZn bmsXm¶v kÀÆ-i-àn-am-\m-bn, kÀÆm-´-cym-an-bm- bn,
kakvX t`mK kaq-l§ - sf `£n-¡p-¶-h-fm-bX
- p-sIm­v AJn- e¯ - n-tâbpw ]c-a-Im-c-W-\mbn ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ ]c-
Ah-fpsS \maw AZnXn F¶mbn. AhÄ lnc-Wy-KÀ` cq]- {_-Ò- ]p-cp-tjm-¯-a³ ChnsS Cu ]rYznbn¯-s¶- bp­v;
amb {]mW-t\m-Sp-IqSn {]I-S- am-Ip-Ibpw kakvX `qX-{]m-Wn- AXp-Xs¶ AhnsS ]c-tem-I-¯n-epw, AXm-bXv tZh-K-
I-tfmSp IqSn-¯s¶ bmsXm-¶nsâ {]mZpÀ`mhw D­m-Ip- ÔÀÆmZn hn`n-¶-tem-I -§-fn-epw, ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. XYm
Ibpw AXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ bmsXm¶v FÃm `qX-{]m-Wn-I-fp- bmsXm¶v Ahn-sS-bpt­m AXp-Xs¶ Chn- sS-bp-ap- ­v. Htc
tSbpw lrZ-bK - p-l-I-fn {]hn-jvS-bmbn AhnsS ØnXn- ]c-am-ßm-hp-Xs¶ AJne {_Òm-WU v -§-fnepw hym]vX-\m-
sN-¿p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm B ]c-ta-iz-csâ alm-iàn bn-cn-¡p-¶p. bmsXmcp-¯³ B Htc ]c-{_-Òs¯ eoe-
hmkvX-h-¯n At±-l-¯nsâ {]XoIw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. bnÂ\n¶pw \m\m \ma-§-fnepw cq]-§-fnepw {]Im-in-¡p-
kzbw ]c-ta-iz-c³Xs¶ Cu cq]- ¯n Xs¶- ¯s¶ {]I- ¶- Xp- I­v taml- hn- h-i-\mbn AXn \m\m- Xzs¯ hn`m- h\w
S-am-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. \Nn-tI-X-tÊ, \o Adn-bp-hm-\m-{K-ln- sN¿p-¶p-sh-¦n Ah\p ho­pw arXyp-hn\v A[o-\-\m-tI-
¡p¶ {_Òw CXp-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. ­- Xmbn hcp-¶p. Ah³ kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw P·-a-c-W-N{- I-
8. Ac-tWymÀ\n-lntXm PmX-thZm KÀ` ¯nÂ\n¶pw tamN\w t\Sp-¶n-Ã. AXm-bXv GI-\mb ]c-
Ch kp`rtXm KÀ`n-Wo`n: {_-Ò-]-c-ta-iz-c³ Xsâ ANn-´y-i-àn-tbm-Sp-IqSn \m\m
cq]-§-fn {]I-S-am-Ip-¶-Xn\pw Cu {]]©w apgp-h³
Znth Znh CutUym PmKr-h-Zv`nÀl-hn-jva-Zv`nÀ AI¯pw ]pd¯pw B Htc ]c-am-ßm-hn-\m¯s¶
a\p-tjy-`n-c-án:. GXssZz XXv. hym]vX-am-Ip-¶-Xn-\p-apÅ Imc-Whpw At±-l-¯nsâ kzcq-
KÀ`n-Wn-bmb kv{XobnÂ\n¶pw ip²-amb A¶- ]m-\m- ]-hn-tijw Xs¶- sb¶v ZrV-Xm-]qÀÆw a\-Ên-em-¡-Ww.
Zn-IÄ kzoI-cn¨v ]cn-]p-jvS-\mb _me³ F{]-Imcw KÀ`- 11. a\-ssk-th-Z-am-]vXhyw t\l
¯n Hfn-ªn- cn-¡p- ¶pthm AtX- {]-Im- cw-Xs¶ kÀÆ-Ú- \m\mkvXn InwN\
\mb Aán-`K - -hm³ Ac-Wn-¯-SnIfpsS CS-bn Hfn-ªn- artXymx k arXypw KÑXn b Cl \mt\h
cn-¡p-¶p. AXp-t]mse Aán-hn-Zysb {Kln-¨n-«pÅ ]cn-{i- ]iy-X n.
an-Ifpw {i²m-ep-¡fpw FÃm Ah- iy-km-a{Ko k¼-¶-cp-amb
a\p-jy-K-W-§Ä {]Xn-Zn\w Bsc kvXpXn-¡p-Ibpw BZ-cn- ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ ]c-a-XXzw ip²-lr-Z-b -t¯m-Sp-IqSn
¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm B Aán-tZ-h³ kÀÆ-Ú-\mb ¯s¶ C{]-Imcw {Kln-¡p-hm³ Ignbp-¶p. Cu PK-¯nÂ
]c-ta-iz- csâ {]Xo-Iw-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. \Nn-tI-XtÊ! \o GI-am{X ]c-am-ßm-hp-Xs¶ ]cn-]qÀ®-\m-Ip-¶p. FÃmw
tNmZn-¨X - mb km£m ]c-{_Òw CXp-X-s¶- bm-Ip-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ cq]w-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. ChnsS ]c-am-ßm-
hnÂ\n¶pw `n¶-ambn bmsXm-¶p-an-Ã. bmsXm-cp-¯³
9. bX-tÝm-tZXn kqtcymkvXw b{X N KÑXn ChnsS hn`n-¶-Xsb ZÀin-¡p¶p F¦n B a\p-jy³
XwtZhm: kÀth AÀ¸n-Xm-kvXZp \mtXyXn arXyp-hnÂ\n¶pw arXyp-hn-s\-¯s¶ {]m]n-¡p¶p; IqsS-
IÝ\. GXssZz XXv. ¡qsS P\n-¡p-Ibpw acn-¡p-Ibpw sNt¿-­- Xmbn hcp-¶p.
GsXmcp ]c-ta-iz-c-\n \n¶pw kqcy-tZ-h³ {]Xy-£- 12. AwKp-jvT-am{X: ]pcptjm a[y
\m-Ip-Ibpw Fhn-sS-s¨¶v hne-b\w {]m]n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p- Bß\n XnjvTXn
¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯sâ aln-a-bn \n¶p-Xs¶ kqcy-tZ- Cuimt\m `qX-`h - yky \ XtXm
hsâ DZ-bm- kvX- a- b-eo- eIÄ \nb- a- ]qÀÆw \S- ¡p-¶pthm B hnPp-Kp-]vk-tX. GXssZz XXv.
]c-{_-Ò-¯n¯s¶ k¼qÀ®-tZ-h³ {]hn-jSv -\m-Ip¶p;
FÃmw AXn¯s¶ ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. BÀ¡pw B A´-cym-an-bmb ]c-ta-iz-c³ `qX hÀ¯-am\ `mhn-Im-e-
kÀÆm-ß-Ihpw kÀÆ-a-bhpw FÃm-¯n-sâbpw BZnbpw §-en kw`-hn-¡p¶ FÃm Pohn-If - p-Sbpw `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-
A´hpw B{i-b- Øm-\-hp- amb ]c-ta-iz-csâ aln-a-tbbpw bm-Ip-¶p, kam-\-`m-h-¯m kÀÆZm kÀÆ{X ]cn-]qÀ®-
hyh-Ø-tbbpw DÃw-Ln-¡p-hm³ km²y-a-Ã. kÀÆ-tXm-`m- \m-Ip-¶p. F¶n-cp-¶mepw lrZ-b¯ - n At±-l-¯nsâ
h-t¯m-Sp-IqSn FÃmw Ft¸mgpw At±-l-¯nsâ A[o-\- Øm\w alXztadn-b-sX¶p Icp-X-s¸-Sp-¶p. ]c-ta-iz-c³
¯n At±-l-¯n- sâ-X-s¶ `c-W- ¯n Ign-ªp-Iq-Sp-¶p. bmsXmcp Øqe-kq-£vam-Im-c-hn-ti-j-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-bn-
BÀ¡pw Xs¶ At±-l-¯nsâ aln-asb IS- ¶p- t]m- Ip- hm³ cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. F¶m ØnXn-¡-\p-k-cW - -ambn At±lw
km[n-¡p-¶n-Ã. \o tNmZn-¨-Xmb km£m {_Òw B iàn- FÃm BIm-c-§Ä¡pw AXo-X-\m- Ip-¶p. £p{Z- §- fmb Fdp-
am-\mb ]c-{_-Ò] - p-cp-tjm-¯-a-\m-Ip-¶p. ¼p-I-fpsS lrZ-b-¯n AXnsâ lrZ-bm-Im-c-¯nsâ ]cn-

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I Wm-a-¯n hncm-Pn-¡p-¶p. a\p-jy-lr-Zbw AwKp-jvT-]-cn- {_Ò-temIw {]m]n-¡p-hm³ km[y-a-Ã. K

Wm-a- ¯n- ep- Å-Xm-Ip-¶p. a\p-jy³ ]c- am- ßm- hns\ {]m]n-¡p-
hm³ Ah-Im-in-bm-bn-¯s¶ Icp-Xp-¶p. AXn-\m a\p-
jy- lr-Zbw ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz- csâ D]-e-_[ v n- ¡pÅ Øm\-
ambn IW-¡m-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. AXn-\m ChnsS a\p-jy-cpsS
lrZ-b-]-cn-am-W-a-\p-k-cn¨v ]c-ta-iz-cs\ AwKp-jvS-am-{X-amb
Af- hn hn`m- h\w sN¿p- ¶p. C{]-Imcw ]ctaizcs\ Xsâ
lrZ-b-¯n ØnXn- sN- ¿p- ¶-Xm-bn-¡m-Wp-¶- h³, C{]-Imcw
FÃm-h-cp-tSbpw lrZ-b¯ - n At±lw hncm-Pn-¡p¶p
F¶p kzm`m-hn-I-ambn [cn-¡p-¶p. X¡m-cWw Ah³
]n¶oSv Btcbpw \nµn-¡p-Ibpw shdp-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶n-
Ã. \Nn-tI-XtÊ! GsXm-¶n-s\-¸än \o tNmZn-¨pthm AXv
Cu ]c-{_-Ò-am-Ip-¶p.
13. AwKp-jvT-am{X: ]pcptjm
tPymXn-cn-hm[q aI:
15. btYm-ZIw ipt² ip²-am-knàw
XmZr-tKh `hXn
Ghw apt\Àhn-Pm-\X Bßm `hXn KuX-a.
F¶m ag-bpsS \nÀ½-e-Pew \nÀ½-e-am-bn-¯s¶
hÀjn-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n AXv AtX-£Ww Xs¶ ]hn-{X-
am- bn-¯o-cp-am-bn- cp-¶p. AXn bmsXmcp hnIm- c-§-fp-ap- ­m-
I-bn-Ã, Hcn-S-t¯bv¡pw NnX-dn-t¸m-Ip-Ib- n-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p. CXp-
t]m-se-Xs¶ AÃtbm KuX-a-hw-io-b-\mb \Nn-tI-X-tÊ,
Cu ImWp-¶-sXÃmw ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-a³ Xs¶
F¶pÅ XXzw \¶mbn {Kln-¡p¶ a\-\-io-e³ þ {]]-©-
¯nsâ _mly-c q-] -§ Ä¡p-] -] -c - X -\ mb ]pcp-j - s â,
Bßmhp ]c-{_-Ò-¯n ebn¨v AXn- t\m- Sp-IqSn XmZmßyw
{]m]n-¡p-¶p.

Cuimt\m `qX-`h - yky k GhmZy k D iz: 1. ]pc-ta-Im-Z-i -Zzm-c-a-P-kym-h -{I-tN-Xk:

GXssZz XXv.
a\p-jysâ lr-Z-b-Kp-l-bn ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ Cu AwKp-
jvT-am{X ]pcp-j³ `qXw, `mhn, hÀ¯-am\w CXp-Isf \nb-
{´n-¡ p¶ kzX- {´- ` -c -W m-[ n- I m- c n- b m- I p- ¶ p. Ct±lw
tPymXnÀa-b \pw BIp-¶p. kqcy-t\bpw Aán-tbbpw
t]mse DjvW-{]-Im- in-bm-bn-cn-¡p- ¶p-an-Ã. F¶m Znhyhpw
im´-hp-a mb {]Im-i-t¯m-Sp-IqSnbh-\m-Ip-¶p. euInI
tPymXn-Êp-I-fn [qa-cq]w tZmj-I-c-am-Ip-¶p. CXv [qa-c-
ln-Xhpw tZmj-cl - n-Xhpw kÀÆYm hnip-²-Úm-\-kz-cq-
]hpw BIp-¶p. aäp tPymXn-Êp-IÄ hf-cp-Ibpw Xf- cp-Ibpw
bYm-k-abw AW-bp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. F¶m CXv Cs¶-
§- s\tbm AX-t]m-se \msfbpw ØnXn-sN-¿p- ¶p. CXnsâ
GI-c-kX \nXyhpw A£p-®-hp-am-Ip-¶p. CXv Hcn-¡epw
Ipd-bp-¶n-Ã, Hcn-¡epw hf-cp-¶n-Ã. Hcn-¡epw \in-¡p-¶n-
Ã. \Nn-tI-XtÊ! Cu ]cn-hÀ¯-\-c-ln-X\pw Ahn-\m-in-bp-
amb ]c-ta-iz-c-s\-¸-än-¯s¶ \o tNmZn-¡p-¶p.
14. btYm-ZIw ZpÀtK hrjvSw ]ÀÆ-tXjp
hn[m-h Xn
Ghw [À½m³ ]rYIv ]iyw-kvXm-t\-hm-\p-þ-
hn-[ m- h -Xn.
ag- shÅw H¶p-am-{X- ta-bp-Åp. F¶m AXv AXyp-¶-
X-§-fmb ]ÀÆ-X-§-fnepw sImSp-ap-Sn-I-fnepw hÀjn-¡p-
t¼mÄ AhnsS AXp X§n- \n¡p- ¶n- Ã. AXn-thKw Xmgv¶- kw_Ôw þ C\n B ]c- ta- iz-csâ kÀÆ- cq- ]s¯ kv]jvSo-
`m-K-§-fn-te¡p HgpIn hn`n¶ hÀ®-§-fnepw BIm-c-¯n- I-cn-¡p-¶ p.
epw, KÔ-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snbpw \mep `mK-§-fn-tebv¡pw NnX-
dn-t¸m-Ip-¶p. CtX {]Im-cw-Xs¶ Htc ]c-am-ßm-hnÂ\n¶pw
DÛ-hn¨ hn`n¶ kz`m-h-§- tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb tZhm-kpc a\p-jym-
Zn-IÄ ]c-am-ßm- hns\ {]tXyIw {]tXyIw hn`m-h\w sNbvXv
At±-l-¯n\v D]m-k-\-Ifpw ]qPm-Zn-Ifpw sNbvXv Ahcpw
NnX-dn-t¸mb Pe-¯n\p Xpeyw hn`n¶ tZhm-kp-cm-Zn-I-fpsS
temI-§-fnepw AXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ \m\m-{]-Im-c-§-fn-epÅ
a-[m-a-¯n hncm-Pn-¡p¶ kzbw {]Im-in-bmb ]c-{_-Ò-
tbm\n-I-fnepw Aeªp Xncn-tb-­-Xm-bn-h-cp-¶p. Ah\v
A\p-jvTmb \ timNXn hnap-àÝ
hnap-Ny-tX. GXssZz XXv.
a\pjyi-co-c- am-Ip¶ \Kcw c­p- I-®p- IÄ, c­p sNhn-
IÄ, c­p \mkm-Zzm-c-§Ä, Hcp apJw, {_Ò-c-{Ôw, \m`n,
KpZw, iniv\w þ F¶o ]Xn-s\m¶p hmXn-ep-I-tfmSp IqSn-b-
Xm-Ip-¶p. CXv kÀÆ-hym-]nbpw Ahn-\m-inbpw AP-·mhpw
\nXy-\pw, \nÀhn-Im-c-\pw, GI-c-k\ - pw, hnip² Úm\-kz-
cq-]-\p-amb ]c-ta-iz-csâ \K-c-am-Ip-¶p. At±lw kÀÆ-{X
ka- `m-h-\-tbm-Sp- IqSn F¶mfpw ]cn-]qÀ®- \m-bn- cp-¶p- sIm­v
Xsâ cmP-[m-\n-bmb Cu a\p-jy-i-co-c-¯nsâ lrZb
{]mkm-Z-t¯msS cmPm-hn-\p-Xpeyw hnti-j-cq-]-¯n hncm-
Pn-¨p- sIm-­n-cn- ¡p-¶p. Cu cl-kys¯ {Kln¨p Pohn-¡p¶
bmsXm- cp- ¯³ `P-\-ka v -c- Wm- Zn-km-[-\-IÄ A\p-jvTn¨p \K-
c-¯nsâ alm-[n-Im-cn-bmb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ \nc-´cw Nn´n-
¨pw [ym\n¨pw Ign-bp-¶pthm Ah³ Hcn-¡epw timIw
A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶nÃ; Ah³ timI-Im-c-W-§-fmb kwkm-c-
_Ô\-§-fnÂ\n¶pw tamN\w t\Sn Poh- ·p-à-\m- Ip-Ibpw
ico-c-Xym-K-¯n\ptijw hntZ-l-bp-à-\mbn `hn-¡bpw
sN¿p¶p; ]c-am-ßm-hn hnebw {]m]n¨v P\-\-a-cW N{I-
¯nÂ\n¶pw Fs¶- t¶-¡p- ambn tamN\w t\Sp-¶p. \o Adn-
bp-hm³ th­n tNmZn-¨Xv Cu kÀÆ-hym-]-I-\mb ]c-{_-
Ò-s¯-¸-än-bm-Ip- ¶p.
2. lwkx ipNn-jZv hkp-c-´-cn-£-kþ
t²mXm thZn-j-Z-Xn-YnÀZp-tcm-Wk
- Xv
\rjZv hc-k-Zr-Xk
- Zv thyma-k-Z_vPm
tKmPm-EX
- Pm A{ZnPm EXw-_r-l-Xv.
{]mIrX KpW-§Ä¡-Xo-Xhpw Znhy-hn-ip-²-hp-amb ]c-

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 61

I ]p-cp-tjm-¯-a³ Xs¶ A´-co-£-¯n k©-cn-¡p¶
hkp F¶p t]cpÅ tZh-\m-Ip¶p; At±lw Xs¶ AXn-
Yn-bpsS cq]-¯n Krl-Øsâ `h-\¯ - n BK-X-\m-
Ip¶p; At±lw Xs¶ bÚ-th-Zn-bn {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-bn-
cn-¡p¶ tPymXnÀab Aánbpw AXp-t]mse Xs¶ AXnÂ
BlqXn \S-¯p¶ tlmXmhpw BIp-¶p. At±lw Xs¶
FÃm a\p-jy-cpsS cq]-¯nepw ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. a\p-jysc
At]-£n¨v t{ijvT-·m-cmb tZh-·m-cp-tSbpw ]nXr-¡-fp-
tSbpw cq]-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p-Ibpw kXy-¯n A[n-jT v n-
X-am-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. At±lw Xs¶ Pe-¯nÂ
aÕy-ambpw iwJmbpw ipàn-bmbpw {]I-S-am-Ip-¶p. ]rYzn-
b n  h r £ - a m bp w A ¦ p - c - a m bp w A ¶ - a mb p w
Huj[nbmbpw bÚmZn k¡À½-§-fn \m\m-hn-[-§-
fn-ep-apÅ bÚ ^e-§-fpsS cq]-¯nepw ]ÀÆ-X-§-fnÂ
\Zn apX-em-b-h-bpsS cq]-¯nepw {]I-S-am-Ip-¶p. At±lw
FÃm ho£-W-¯nepw FÃm-¯nepw t{ijvThpw al¯pw
]ca kXy-X-Xzhpw BIp-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ C\n Xmsg-¸-d-bp¶ c­p a{´-§-fn-embn ba- K
cm-P³ \Nn-tI-X-Ên-\m tNmZn-¡-s¸« XXzs¯ ho­pw
asämcp {]Im-c- ¯n hÀ®n-¡m-sa¶p {]XnÚ sN¿p- ¶p.
5. \ {]mtW\ \m]m-t\\ aÀtXym
PohXn IÝ\
CX-tcW Xp Poh´n bkvan-t¶-Xm-hp-]m-{in-Xu.
6. l´ X CZw {]h-£yman Kplyw {_Ò
k\m- X \w
bYm N acWw {]m]y Bßm `hXn KuX-a.
ba-cm-P³ ]dªp þ ""\Nn-tI-XtÊ Hcp Znhkw \nÝ-
b-ambpw arXyp-ap-J-¯n Ft¯-­-h-cmb Cu a\p-jym-Zn-
Po-hm-IÄ {]mW-tâbpw A]m-\-tâbpw iàn-sIm­p Pohn-
¨n-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. Chsb Pohn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv asämcp tNX-\m-X-Xz-
am-W.v Pohm-ßmhv AXm-Ip-¶p. Cu {]mW\pw A]m-\\pw
c­pw B Pohm-ßm-hns\ B{i-bn¨p Ign-bp-¶p.''

3. DuÀ[zw{]m-Wa - p-¶-b -Xy-]m\w {]Xy-K-kyXn Pohm-ßm-hns\ IqSmsX Ahbv¡v Hcp £Ww t]mepw
\ne-\n¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶n-Ã. Pohm-ßmhp IS-¶p-t]m-Ip-
at[y hma-\-am-ko\w hntiz tZhm D]m-kt- X.
t¼mÄ Ch am{X-aà Ch-tbm-sSm¯v FÃm C{µn-b-§fpw
ico-c-¯n \nb-am-\p-kr-X-ambn A\-h-cXw {]mWm-]m- AXns\ A\p-k-cn¨p IS-¶p-t]m-Ip-¶p. C\n ac-Wm-\-´cw
\m-Zn-I-fpsS {Inb \S-¶p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu PU-hk - Xv p- Cu Pohm-ßm-hn-s\-´p-kw-`h - n-¡p¶p? AXv Ft§m-«p-t]m-
¡-fn ImW-s¸-Sp¶ {Inbm-io-eX B ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ Ip¶ XYm F{]-Imcw hkn-¡p¶p F¶pw Rm³ ]d-ªp-
iànbpw t{]c-W-bpw-sIm­p kw`-hn-¡p-¶p. At±lw X-cmw. AtXm-Sp-IqSn ]ca cl-kyhpw kÀÆ-hym-]nbpw
Xs¶ am\-h-lr-Z-b-§-fn cmPm-hn\p Xpeyw hncm-Pn-¨p- kÀÆm-[m-chpw kÀÆm-[n-]-Xnbpw Bb ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-
sIm­v {]mWs\ apIfntebv¡pw A]m-\s\ Xmtgbv¡pw csâ kzcq]w F´m-sW¶pw ]d-ªp-X-cmw.
XÅns¡m-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. C{]-Imcw At±lw ico-c¯ - n- \p-
Ån kw`-hn-¡p¶ FÃm hym]m-c-§-tfbpw kpNm-cp-cq-]- 7. tbm\n-at\y {]]-Zyt´ ico-c-Xzmb tZln\x
¯n {Iao-I-cn-¡p-¶p. lrZ-b-Ø n-X-\mb B ]c-a-`-P-\ob ØmWp-at\y\pkw-b´n bYm-I À½
]c- {_-Ò- ]p-cp-tjm-¯-as\ FÃm tZh-X- Ifpw D]m-kn-¨p-sIm- bYm-{ip-Xw.
­n-cn-¡p-¶p. ico-c-Øn-X-amb {]mW³, a\-Ê,v _p²n apX-
ba-cm-P³ ]d-bp¶p þ ""Ah-\-hsâ ip`m-ip-`-IÀ½-
emb FÃm C{µn-b-§-fp-tSbpw A[n-jvTm-\-tZ-h-X-IÄ B
§Ä¡- \p-k-cn¨pw imkv{Xw, Kpcp, kwKw, ]Tn¸v apX-em-
]c-ta-iz-cs\ {]km-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n Ah-bpsS t{]c-
b-h-bv¡-\p-k-c-Wa - mbn I­pw tI«pw D­mb `mh-§-
W-b-\p-k-cn¨v \nXyhpw {i²-tbm-Sp-IqSn ka-kvXI - m-cy-§-
fnÂ\n¶pw \nÀ½n-X-amb A´y-Ime hmk-\-b\ - p-k-cn¨p
tfbpw bYm-hn[n {Iao-I-cn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p.
ac-Wm-\-´cw F{Xtbm Pohm-ß¡fmIs« aäp icocw [cn-
4. Aky hn{kw kam-\ky ¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n hocy-t¯m-Sp-IqSn amXm-hnsâ tbm\n-
ico-c-Øky tZln\x bn {]th-in-¡p-¶p. Ch-cn BcpsS ]pWy-]m-]§ - Ä
tZlm-Zzn-ap-Ny-am-\ky Ina{X ]cn-in-jy-tX. Xpey- a m- b n- c n- ¡ p-
¶ pthm AhÀ a\p- jy- c p- t Sbpw BÀ¡p
GXssZz XXv. ]pWyw Ipd-hm- bn-cn-¡p- Ibpw ]m]w A[n-I-am- bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw
sN¿p-¶pthm AhÀ ]£n-ar-Km- Zn-I-fpsS icocw kzoI-cn¨p
Hcp ico-c-¯nÂ\n¶pw asäm-¶n-te-b¡ v pÅ Ka-\-kz-`m-
P\n-¡p-Ibpw ]m]w AXy-[n-I-am-bpÅ At\Iw t]À
h-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb tZln (Po-hm-ßm-hv) Cu hÀ¯-am-\-i-cocw
Ømh-c-`m-h-t¯bpw (hr-£w, eX, XrWw, ]ÀÆ-Xw apX-
hn«p-t]m- Ip-t¼mÄ AXn-t\m-Sp-IqSn C{µn-b-§fpw {]mW\pw
em-bh) {]m]n¨p P\n-¡p-¶p.''
IS-¶p- t]m-Ip-¶p. At¸mÄ Cu arX-i-co-c-¯n F´hti
jn-¡p¶p? ImgvN-s¡m¶pw Ahtijn-¡p-¶-Xm-bn-¡m-W- kw_Ôw þ ba-cm-P³ Pohm-ßm-hnsâ KXnbpw ]c-am-ßm-
s¸-Sp-¶n-à . F¶m kÀÆZm kam-\-`m-h -t¯m-Sp-IqSn hnsâ kzcq-]hpw þ Cu c­p kwK-Xn-Ifpw ]d-bm-sa¶p
kÀÆ{X ]cn-]qÀ®-\m-bn-cn- ¡p¶ B ]c-{_Ò ]c- ta-iz-c³ {]XnÚ sNbvXn-cp-¶p. CXn ac-Wm-\´ - cw Pohm-ßm-
tNX-\-bnepw Pohn-X-¯nepw PU-¯nepw þ FÃm-¯nepw hnsâ KXn F´m-bn-¯o-cp¶p? AXp ]d-ªn«v Imcy-§Ä
kZm hym]vX- \m-Ip-¶p, AXv Ah-ti-jn-¡p-¶p. \o Adn-b- ]d-bp¶p þ
W-sa-¶m-{K-ln-¡p¶ ]c-{_Òw CXp-X-s¶- bm-Ip-¶p.

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I 8. b Gj kp]vtXjp PmKÀ¯n Imaw Imaw {]-Im-c-¯n-epÅ BÝ-cy-a-b-§-fmb iàn-bm k¼-¶-am- K

]pcptjm \nÀ½n-amWx bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
XtZhip{Iw XZv {_Ò XtZ-hm-arXapNy-tX. kw_Ôw þ Cu Imcyw Xs¶ hmbp-hns\ ZrjvSm-´o-I-cn-
Xkvanw-tÃmImx {inXmx kÀtÆ XZp \mtXyXn ¨p-sIm­p ]d-bp¶p þ
IÝ-\. GXZv ssh XXv. 10. hmbpÀb-ssYtIm `ph\w {]hnjvtSm
Pohm-ßm-hn³sd IÀ½-§-f-\p-k-cn¨v \m\m-{]-Im-c-§-fn- cq]w cq]w {]Xn-cqt]m _`qh
epÅ t`mK-§sf \nÀ½n-¡p-¶- h\pw Ahsb bYm-tbmKyw GI-kvXYm kÀÆ-`q-X m-´-c mßm
hyhØ sN¿p-¶ -h-\p-amb Cu ]c-a-]p-cp-j] - -c-ta-iz-c³
cq]w cq]w {]Xn-cqt]m _lnÝ
kakvX Pohn-Ifpw \n{Z-bn-em-­-Xn\p taepw {]f-b-Im-e-
¯n FÃm-¯n-tâ-bpw, Úm\w ep]vX-am-bn-¯o-cp-t¼mÄ) Htc hmbp-Xs¶ Ahy-à-cq-]-¯n {_ÒmWvUw apgp-
kz´-amb aln-a-bn \nXyw Pm{K-¯m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. At± h³ hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. F¶n-cp-¶mepw hnhn[ hkvXp
lw kzbw Úm\ kzcq-]-\m-Ip-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯sâ ¡fpsS kwtbm-K- ¯nÂ\n¶pw AtX hkvXp¡Ä¡\p-cq-
Úm\w kZm GI-c-ka - m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, Hcn-¡epw IqSp- ]-amb KXnbpw iànbpw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶p. AtX-{]-Imcw
Itbm Ipd-bp-Itbm ep]vX-am-Ip-I tbm sN¿m-Xn-cn-¡p- Xs¶ Pohn-I-fnse A´-cym-an-bmb ]c-ta-iz-c³ GI-\m-bn-
¶pthm AXp-Xs¶ ]c-a-ip-²-Zn-hy-X- Xzw BIp¶p; AXp- cp-¶n«pw AtX Pohn-Isf kw_- Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw {]tXyIw
Xs¶ ]c-{_-Ò-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-s\-¯s¶ Úm\n-I-fmb {]tXy-I-amb iànbpw KXnbpw {]I-S-am-¡p-¶p. F¶mÂ
alm-ßm-¡Ä hgn-bmbn {]m]y-amb ]c-am-ar-X-kz-cq-]-]-c-am- A{Xs¡m¶p-a-Ã, Ah-bvs¡-Ãm-¯n\pw _mly-am-bn«pw
\µw F¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp¶p. Cu k¼qÀ®-temIw AXns\ A\-´ hpw Ako-ahpw Akm-[m-c- W-hp-am-b-cq-] -¯nÂ
B{i-bn¨p \ne-\n¡p-¶p. AXn-\-¡sc BÀ¡pw F¯p- ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p.
hm³ Ign-bp-¶-Xà þ BÀ¡pw AXnsâ \nb-a-§sf AXn- kw_Ôw þ Cu a{´- ¯n kqcysâ ZrjvSm´w sIm­p
{I-an-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶n-Ã. FÃmw kÀÆZm GI-am-{X-amb ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ \nÀte-]-Xsb ImWn-¡p¶p þ
AXnsâ `c-W-¯n³ Iogn Ign-bp-Ibpw AXn-\-[o-\-am-
bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. BÀ¡pw AXnsâ aln-a-bpsS 11. kqtcym bYm kÀh-tem-Iky N£pÀ
A¡-c -¡ -S -¡ p-hm³ km²y-a-à . GsXm-¶ n-s \-¸än \o \ en]ytX Nm£p-ssjÀ_m-ly-tZmssjx
Ft¶mSp tNmZn- ¨pthm B {_Ò- XXzw AXp-Xs¶bmIp-¶p. GI-kvXYm kÀÆ-`q-X m-´-c mßm
kw_Ôw þ C\n Aán-bpsS ZrjvSm-´-¯m B ]c-{_- \ en]ytX temI-Zpx-tJ\ _mlyx
Ò-]-c-ta-iz-csâ hym]-I-X-tbbpw \nÀte-]-X-tbbpw hÀ®n-
Htc kqcy³Xs¶ {_Òm-WU v s¯ apgp-h³ {]Im-in-
¡p-¶p.
¸n-¡p-¶p. AXnsâ {]Imiw Pohn-I-fpsS I®p-IÄ¡p
9. AánÀb-ssYtIm `ph\w {]hnjvtSm klm-b-I-c-am-Ip-¶p. B {]Im-i-¯nsâ klm-b-t¯m-Sp-
cq]w cq]w {]Xn-cqt]m _`qh IqSn¯s¶ BfpIÄ \m\m {]Im-c-¯n-epÅ KpW-tZm-j-a-
b-§-fmb IÀ½-§Ä A\p-jT v n-¡p-¶p. F¶m Ah-cpsS
GI-kvXYm kÀÆ-`q-X m-´-c mßm
t\{X-§Ä hgn sN¿-s¸-Sp¶ hnhn-[-cq-]¯ - n-epÅ IÀ½-
cq]w cq]w {]Xn-cqt]m _ln-Ý. tZm-j-§-fp-ambn kqcy³ Aev]w-t]mepw _Ô-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã.
Htc Aán-Xs¶ \ncm-Im-c-cq-]-¯n {_ÒmWvUw apgp- C{]-Imcw Xs¶ FÃm-¯nepw A´-cym-an-bmb hÀ¯n-
h³ hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn\v bmsXmcp t`Z`mh-§-fp-an- ¡p¶ `K-hm³ ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-a³ GI³ am{X-am-
Ã. F¶m kmIm-c-cq-]-¯n Pzen-¡pt¼mÄ B[m-c-`q-X- Ip-¶p, At±-l-¯nsâ iàn-bnÂ\n¶pw iàn-bp-à-am-
amb hkvXp-hn-s\-t¸mse BIm-c-t¯m-Sp-IqSn ImW-s¸-Sp- bn«v a\-Êv, _p²n, C{µn-b§ - Ä Ch hgn-bmbn a\p-jyÀ
¶p. C{]-Imcw Xs¶ kakvX {]mWn-I-fnepw \nd-ªp- \m\m-{]-Im-c-¯n-ep-apÅ ip`m-ip-`-IÀ½-§Ä A\p-jT v n-¡p-
\n¡p¶ ]c-ta-iz-c³ GI-\-s{X. AJn-e-¯nepw ka-`m- ¶p. AXp-t]mse AXp-I-fpsS ^e-kz-cq-]-§-fmb kpJ-Zpx-
h-¯n hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn bmsXmcp {]Im-c-¯n- Jm-Zn-IÄ A\p-`h - n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. F¶m B ]c-ta-
ep- apÅ t`Z- `m-h-an-Ã. F¶n- cp- ¶mepw At±lw `n¶-`n¶ Pohn- iz- c³ Ah- c psS IÀ½-§-fnepw en]vX-am-Ip-¶n- Ã. F´p- sIm-
I-fn AtX Pohn-IÄ¡-\p-cq-]a - -fn s­- ¶m At±lw AJn- e-¯nepw hkn-¡p-¶p-s­- ¦nepw
- mbn \m\m-cq-]§
{]Im-in-¡p-¶p. B[m-c-h-kX v p-¡Ä¡-\p-cq-]-ambn At±-l- FÃm-¯nÂ\n¶pw thÀs]«pw kÀÆYm Akw-K-ambpw
¯nsâ alna {]I-S-am-Ip-¶p. hmkvX-h-¯n B ]c-ta-iz- \ne-sIm- Åp-¶p.
csâ alna CsXm-¶p-a-Ã. CXn-s\-¡mÄ hf-sc-b-[nIw al- 12. GtIm hio kÀÆ-`q-Xm´ cmßm
¯-c-am- Ip-¶p, At±-l-¯n³sd A\-´- amb iàn-bpsS Hcp
GIw cq]w _lp[m bx ItcmXn
IWn-I-sIm-­p-am{Xw Cu k¼qÀ® {_ÒmWvUw \m\m-

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I Xam-ßØw tb\p]-iy´n [ocmþ B kz{]-Im-i-]-c-am-\-µ-kz-cq] ]c-{_-Ò-]c

kvtXjmw kpJw imizXw t\X-tc-jmw.
GsXmcp ]c-am-ßmhp kZm AJn-e-¯ntâbpw A´-
cm-ßm-cq-]¯
- n ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶pthm bmsXm¶v AZzn-Xo-
bhpw kÀÆYm kzX-{´-hp-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AJne PK-
¯nepw tZh-a-\p-jymZn FÃm-¯n-t\bpw kZm Xsâ \nb-
{´- W-¯n sh¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶pthm B kÀÆ-i-In-Xm-
am-\mb ]c-ta-iz-c³ Xsâ Htc cq]s¯ Xsâ eoe-bmbn
\m\m-{]-Im-c-¯n-em-¡n-¯oÀ¡p-¶ p. B ]c-am-ßm-hns\
bmsXmcp Úm\n-bmb alm-]p-cp-j³ \nc-´cw Xsâ
DÅn ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-Xm-bn-¡m-Wp-¶pthm Ah\p am{Xw
kZm Ønc-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xpw k\m-X-\hpw Bb ]c-am-\µw
e`n-¡p-¶p. asäm-cp-¯À¡pw e`n-¡p-¶n-Ã.
13. \ntXym \nXym\mw tNX-\-tÝ-X-\m-\mþ
tatIm-_-lq\mw tbm hnZ-[mXn Imam³
Xam-ßØw tb\]-iy´n [ocmþ
kvtXjmw im´nx imizXo t\X-tc-jmw.
bmsXmcp kakvX \nXy-ssN-X\yw Bßm-¡-fp-tSbpw
\nXy-tN- X-\- bmb Bßm-hm-bn-cn-¡p- Ibpw bmsXm¶v kzbw
GI-am-bn-¯s¶ AJne Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw t`mK-§-fpsS
AXm-Xnsâ IÀ½m-\p-kr-X-ambn hn[m\w sNbvXp-sIm-­n-
cn-¡p- ¶pthm kz´w DÅn \nh- kn-¡p¶ B kÀÆ iàn-
am-\mb ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm- ¯-as\ bmsXmcp alm-Úm-\n-
]p- cp-j³ \nc- ´cw ZÀin-¨p- sIm-­n- cn-¡p- ¶pthm At±- l- ¯n-
\p- am{Xw kZm Ønc-am- bn-cn-¡p¶ k\m-X-\-amb ]c-a-im´n
e`n-¡p¶p þ aämÀ¡pw e`n-¡p-¶n- Ã.
kw_Ôw þ PnÚm-kp-hmb \Nn-tI-XÊv C{]-Imcw B Nne-t¸mÄ A{]-I-S-ambpw Xsâ Imc-W-cq-]-amb ]c-{_-Ò-
]c-{_Ò {]m]vXn-bpsS B\-µhpw im´n-bpsS aln-abpw ¯n \nXyhpw ØnXn-sN-¿p¶p; AXm-bXv k\m-X-\-am-Ip-
tI«n«v B´cm Nn´n-¡p-hm³ XpS§n þ
14. XtZ-X-ZnXn a\yt´ \nÀtZiyw ]caw kpJw kpc-£n-Xa- m-bn-cn-¡bpw AXn-tebv¡p Xs¶ hne-bn-¡p-
IYw \p XZzn-Pm-\obmw Inap `mXn hn`mXn hm. Ibpw sN¿p-¶ p, AXp- X s¶ hnip² Znhy-X - X zhpw
B k\m-X-\-]-c-am-\-µhpw ]c-a-im-´nbpw {]m]n-¨n-«pÅ
Úm\n-I-fmb alm-·mÀ C§s\ Icp- Xp-¶p. bmsXm-¶ns\
hÀ®n- ¡p- hm³ a\-Ên\pw hm¡n\pw Ign- bm- Xn- cn- ¡p- ¶pthm
B Aeu-In-Ihpw kÀtÆm-]-cn-bp-amb B\µw \ÂIp-¶Xv
]c- {_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-a-\m- Ip-¶p. B ]c- am-\µ ]c-ta- iz-cs\
Rm³ A]- tcm£ cq]-¯n F{]-Imcw Adnbpw AXnsâ
Úm\w GXp-co-Xn-bn kw`-hn-¡p¶p?
kw_Ôw þ \Nn-tI-X-Ênsâ B´-cn-I-`mhw {Kln-¨n«v ba-
cm-P³ ]dªp þ
15. \ X{X kqtcym `mXn \ N{µ-Xm-cIw
t\am hnZyptXm `m´n ItXmbaánx
Xtah `m´-a-\p-`mXn kÀhw
Xky `mkm kÀh-anZw hn`m-Xn.
- -ta-iz-csâ K
kao]w Cu kqcy³ {]Im-in-¡p-¶n-Ã. kqcy³ {]Im-in-¡p-
t¼mÄ an¶m-an- \p-§nsâ {]Imiw CÃm-Xm- bn-¯o- cp-¶-Xp- t]m-
se, kqcysâ tXPÊpw B Ako-a-tX-P-Ênsâ ap¶nÂ
ep]vX -am-bn-¯ o-cq-¶ p. N{µ³, \£{X- §Ä, hnZyp¯v
Chbpw AhnsS {]Im-in-¡p-¶n-Ã. ]ns¶ Cu Aán-bpsS
Imcyw F´v? F´p- sIm- s­- ¶m {]mIr- X-P-K- ¯n {]Im-
i-kz-`m-ht- ¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb XXz-§-sfÃmw Xs¶ B ]c-{_Ò
]c-ta-iz-csâ {]Im-i-i-àn-bpsS Awis¯ {]m]n-¨n«p ]c-
ta-iz-csâ {]Im-i-i-àn-bpsS Awis¯ {]m]n-¨n-«p {]Im-
in-¡p-¶p. Ahbv¡v X§-fpsS {]Im-i-Isâ kao]w F{]-
Imcw {]Imiw ]c-¯p-hm³ Ignbpw? Cu ]qÀ®-{]-]©w
PK-Zm-ßm-hmb ]pcp-tjm-¯ -asâ {]Imiw sImt­m
AYhm B {]Im-i-¯nsâ £p{Z-amb Awiw-sImt­m
{]Im-in-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶p F¶p kmcw.
1. DuÀ[z-aqtemhmIvimJ Gtjmiz°x
k\m-X \x
XtZh ip{Iw XZv {_Ò XtZ-hm-ar-X-ap-Ny-tX.
Xkvanw-tÃmIm: {ioXm: kÀtÆ XZp-\m-tXyXn
IÝ-\. GXssZz XXv.
bmsXm-¶nsâ aqe-`q-X-amb ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-a³
Gähpw D]-cn-bm-Ip-¶pthm AXm-b-Xv, AXn-kq-£v ahpw
kÀÆ-i-àn-am\pw BIp- ¶p- thm, bmsXm- ¶nsâ {][m- \- imJ
{_Òmhpw Ahm-´-c-im-J-IÄ tZh- IÄ ]nXr-¡Ä, a\p-jyÀ,
]£n-ar-Km-Zn-IÄ Ch {Ia-{]-Imcw Xmsgbpw BIp¶p; C{]-
Imcw Cu {_Òm-WvU-am-Ip¶ Aiz-°-hr£w A\m-Zn-
Imew apXÂ \nXy-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Nnet¸mÄ {]I-S-ambpw
¶ p. bmsXm¶ v CXnsâ aqe- I m- c - W - a m- I p- ¶ pthm
AXnÂ\n¶v Ch-sbÃmw DÛ-hn-¡p-¶p, AXp-sIm-­p- Xs¶
{_Òhpw BIp-¶p. AXn-s\-¯s¶ Aa-c-Xz-sa¶p ]d-bp-
¶p. AJn-e-temI§fpw AXns\ B{i-bn¨p \nev¡p-¶p.
BÀ¡pw AXns\ AXn-ew-Ln-¡p-hm³ Ignbp-¶n-Ã. \Nn-
tI- X-tÊ, \o Adn-bp-hm³ B{K- ln¨ {_Ò-XXzw CXp-X-s¶-
bm-Ip-¶p.
2. bZnZw Inw N PKXv kÀÆw {]mW
GPXn \nxkrXw
al-Zv`bw hPvda
- p-ZyXw b GX-Zzn-Zp-c-ar-Xm-ktv X,
`h-´n.
C{µn-bw, a\-Êv, _p²n Ch-s Im­p ImWp-I bpw
tIÄ¡p-Ibpw {Kln-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-hb - mb k¼qÀ®-
N-cm-N-c-P-K-s¯Ãmw Xsâ ]ca Imc-W-cq-]a - mb GsXmcp
]pcp-tjm-¯-a-\n \n¶pw {]I-S-amtbm AtX {]mW-kz-cq-
]- amb ]c-ta-iz-c- \n hym]-cn-¨p- sIm-­n- cn-¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv

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I CXnsâ tNj-Sv -I-fpsS B[m-chpw \nb-{´-I\pw B ]c-ta- 5. bYmZÀti XYm ß\n bYm K
iz-c³X-s¶- bm-Ip-¶p. B ]c-ta-iz-c³ ]c-a-Z-bm-ep-hm-bn-cn- kz]vt\ XYm ]nXr-temtI
¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-se-X s¶ AXy´w `b-kz-cq-]\ - p-am-Ip-¶p. bYm]vkp ]coh ZZrti XYm KÔÀÆ-temtI
sNdpXpw hepXpw FÃmw At±-ls¯ `b-s¸-Sp-¶p. At±-
Ombm-X]
- -tbm-cnh {_Ò-tem-tI.
lw, DbÀ¯n-¸n-Sn-¨n-cn-¡p¶ h{Pm-bp-[-¯n-\p-Xp-ey-hp-am-Ip-
¶p. Ic-§- fn h{Pm- bp[w DbÀ¯n-¸n-Sn¨p \n¡p¶ {]`p- F{]-Imcw If-¦-c-ln-X-amb ZÀ¸-W¯ - n AXnsâ
hn-s\-¡­v FÃm tkh-Icpw \nc-´cw BÚm ]me-\- ap¼n h¶p-\n¡p¶ hkvXp ZÀ¸-W-t¯-¡mÄ hne-£-
¯n Xev]-c-cm-bn-cn-¡p-¶-X p-t]mse ka-kX v -tZ-h·- mcpw Whpw kv]jvS-hp-ambn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶pthm AtX-{]-Im-cw-
kZm ka-b hpw \nb-am-\p-k-c Ww Cu ]c-ta-i z-csâ Xs¶ PvRm\n-I-fm-b-hc - psS A´x-Ic - -W-¯n B ]c-ta-
BÚm-]m-e\ - -¯n hy{K-X-tbm-S p-IqSn hÀ¯n- ¡p-¶p. iz-c³ AXn-s\¡mÄ hne-£-Whpw kv]jvS-hp-ambn ImW-
bmsXm-cp- ¯³ Cu ]c-{_- Òs¯ Adn- bp-¶pthm XXz-Úm- s¸-Sp-¶p. F{]- Imcw kz]v\-¯n hkvXp-k-aqlw bYÀ°-
\n-bmb B ]pcp-j³ Aa-c-\m-bn-¯o-cp¶p; P\\ ac-W-§- cq-]-¯n ImW-s¸-SmsX kz]v\-{Z-jvSm-hmb a\p-jysâ
fn \n¶pw apà-\m-Ip-¶p. hmk-\bpw kwkvIm-c-hp-a-\p-k-c n¨v Fhn-sStbm DÅ
hkvXp Fhn-sStbm hnirwJ-e-cq-]¯ - n Akv]jvSambn
3. `bm-Z-kym-án-kvX-]Xn `bmXv X]Xn kqcyx
ImW-s¸-Sp-¶pthm A{]-Imcw Xs¶ ]nXr-tem-I-¯n ]c-
`bm-Zn-{µÝ hmbpÝ arXypÀ[m-hXn ]©ax ta-iz-csâ kzcq]w bYm-hXv kv]jvS-ambn ImW-s¸-SmsX
FÃm-¯n-t\bpw `cn¨pw AJn-e-t¯bpw \nb-{´n¨pw Akv]-jvS-a m-bn-¯s¶ ImWp-¶ p. F´p-sIm-s­-¶mÂ
\nb-am-\p-k-cWw Nen-¸n-¨pw-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶ Cu ]c-ta-iz- ]nXr-temIw {]m]n-¨n-«pÅ Pohn-IÄ¡v ]qÀÆ-P-·-¯nse
c-t\m-SpÅ `bw ImcWw Aán X]n- ¡p- ¶p. AtX `b- ¯m kvarXn-Ifpw Ahn-sS-bpÅ _Ôp-¡-fpsS ]qÀÆ-hX - vÚm-
kqcy³ X]n-¡p-¶p. AtX `b-¯m¯s¶ C{µ\pw \hpw DÅ-Xp-Im-cWw AhÀ XZ-\p-k-c-Wa - mb hmk-\-I-
hmbphpw ]©ar-Xyp-¡fpw sh¼-tem-Sp-IqSn ]mªp-\-S¶v fn B_-²-cmbn¡gn-bp-¶p. KÔÀÆ-temIw ]nXr-tem-I-
ag s]¿n-¡p-I, Pohn-IÄ¡p {]mW-iàn \ÂIp-I, Pohn- s¯-¡mÄ Ipd¨p t{ijvT- am-Ip-¶p. Pe-¯n- \p-Ån t\m¡n-
I- fpsS ico-c-§sf \in-¸n- ¡pI XpS§n Ah-c-h-cpsS tPmen- bm {]Xn-_nw_w icn¡p ImWp-¶nsænepw GXm­v
IÄ {i²m-]qÀÆw sNbvXp-s Im-­n-cn-¡ p-¶p. Npcp¡w icn-bmb cq]-¯n ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. F¶m Pe-¯nsâ
Fs´- ¶mÂ, Cu {]]-©-¯n ssZh-IÄ aqe-ambn \nb- Hmf- §Ä ImcWw Cf- In-s¡m- ­n-cn-¡p¶ {]Xo-Xn- bp- ­m-¡p-
anX cq]-¯n \S-¯-s¸-«p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶ FÃm Imcy- ¶p, kv]jvS-ambn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. AXp-t]m-se-bmWv
§fpw kÀÆ-i-àn-k-¼-¶\pw AJn-e¯ - ntâbpw \nb-´m- kz]v\s¯ At]-£n¨v Pm{K-Z-h-Ø-bpsS ØnXnbpw
hp-amb ]c-ta-iz-csâ AtamL imk-\-¯m kw`hn-¨p- A§-s\- Xs¶ KÔÀÆ-tem-I-¯nepw t`mK-e-l-cn-bn Ae-
sIm-­ n-cn-¡p- ¶p. b- Sn-¡p¶ lrZ-b-t¯m- Sp-Iq-Snb Ahn-Sps¯ \nhm- kn- IÄ¡v
`K-hmsâ ZÀi\w kv]jvS-ambn e`n¡p-¶n-Ã. F¶mÂ
4. Cl tNZ-iI - Zv t_m²yw {]mIv {_Ò-tem-I-¯n Pohn-¡p-¶-hÀ¡v \ngepw shbn-epw-
ico-cky hn{kkx t]mse kz´-ambpw B ]c-{_-Ò] - -c-ta-iz-c-s\-¸-än-bpÅ
XX: kÀtKjp temtIjp ico-c-Xzmb Iev]-tX. Úm\w {]Xy-£-ambpw kpkv]-jvS-ambpw e`n-¡p-¶p.
kÀÆ-i-àn-am\pw AJn- e¯ntâbpw t{]c-I-i- ànbpw AhnsS bmsXmcp hn[-amb {`ahpw \ne-\n¡p-¶n-Ã. {]Y-
AJn-e-t¯bpw `cn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶h\pamb ]c-ta-iz- am-²ym-b-¯nsâ aq¶mw `mK-¯n BZy-a-{´- ¯n ]d-b-
cs\ GsX-¦nepw km[-I³ Cu ZpÀÃ`a\pjy-i- co-c-¯nsâ s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶p þ Cu a\p-jy-i-cocw Hcp temI-am-Ip-¶p,
\miw kw`-hn- ¡p-¶- Xn\p ap¼m-bn-¯s¶ Adn-b- Ww. AXm- CXn ]c-{_-Òhpw Pohm-ßmhpw shbnepw \ng-epw-t]mse
bXv Cu ico-c-¯n `P-\-ka v -c-Wm-Zn-km-[-\-IÄ A\pjvTn lrZ-b- cq-]n-bmb Kpl-bn hkn-¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv a\p-jyÀ
¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ iàn Ft¸mÄhsc \ne-\n-ev¡p-I bpw aäp temI§sf A`nejn¡msX Cu a\p-jy-i-cocw \ne-
Ft¸mÄ hsc acWw `hn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm \n¡pt¼mįs¶ ]c-{_-Ò-] -c- ta-i z-c -s\-¸-ä n-b pÅ
AXn\p ap¼mbn {i²-tbmsS {]b-Xv\n¨p ]c-am-ßm-X-Xz- Úm\w k¼m-Zn-¡-Ww.
Úm\w t\tS-­-Xm-Ip¶p; At¸mÄ am{Xta Ahsâ 6. C{µn-bmWmw ]rY-Kv`m-h-ap-Z-bm-kvXa - bu
PohnXw k^-e-am-Ip-¶p-Åq. A\m-Zn-Imew apXÂ P\-\a - - N bXv
cW {]hm-l-¯n ]Xn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶ Cu PohnXw ]rY-Kp-Xv]-Zy-am-\m\mw aXzm [otcm \ timN-Xn.
AXp-sIm­p tamN\w t\Sp-¶p. AsÃ-¦n ]n¶oSv AXpw-
sIm­v At\Iw Iev]w hsc hn`n¶ temI§fnepw tbm\n- i_vZ kv]ÀimZn hnj-b-§-fpsS A\p-`-h-kz-cq-]-ambn
I-fnepw \n¶v icocw kzoI-cn-t¡-­-Xn\p _m²y-Ø-am-bn- {]tXyIw {]tXy-I-amb Imcy-§Ä¡p-th­n `n¶-`n¶ cq]-
¯o-cp-¶p. AXn-\m a\p-jy³ ac- W-¯n\p hfsc ap¼m- §-fn Dev]¶ - -am-bn-cn-¡p¶ C{µn-b§ - -fp-sS, bmsXm¶v
bn-¯s¶ ]c-am-ßm-hns\ Xncn-¨-dn-b-Ww. {]tXyIw {]tXyIw `mh- § - tfm- Sp- I q- S n- b -Xm-bncn¡p¶p-thm,

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I AXp-t]mse Pm{K-Z-h-Ø-bn {]hÀ¯\ ioe-t¯m-Sp-Iq- Znhy-cq-]s¯ bmsXmcp a\p-jy\pw {]mIrX NÀ½-N-£p- K

v n-Im-e-¯n eb-ambn¯ocp- Êp-IÄsIm­p ZÀin-¡p-hm³ km[y-a-Ã. bmsXmcp `mKy-
Sn-b-Xm-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw kpjp-]X
Ibpw sN¿p¶ cq]w AXnsâ ]cn-hÀ¯-\-kz-`m-h-am-Ip- hm-\mb km[-I³ \nc-´cw t{]a-`-cn-X-amb a\-tÊm-Sp-IqSn
¶p. Ch-sb-¸-än-sbÃmw Nn´n-¨n-«v, _p²n-am-·m-cm-b-hÀ Cu At±-ls¯ Nn´n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶pthm Ahsâ lrZ-b-
clkyw AXm-bXv Cu C{µn-b-§Ä a\-Ê,v _p²n AYhm ¯n `K-hmsâ B Znhy- kz- cq]w kw_- Ôn¨p [ym\w {]Km-
Ch-bpsS kwLm-X-cq-]a - mb icocw Rmt\m BIp-¶nÃ; V-am-bn-¯o-cp-t¼mÄ B kabw km[-Isâ lrZbw `K-
Rm³ Ch-sb-¡mÄ kÀÆYm hne-£-Whpw \nXy-ssN-X- hmsâ [ym\- P-\n- X-amb kzcq-]- ¯n \nÝ- e-am- bn- ¯ocp¶p.
\yhpw kÀtÆm-]cn hnip-²hpw GI-c-khpw BIp¶p C§-s\-bpÅ \nÝ-e-lr-Z-b-t¯m-Sp-IqSn¯s¶ B km[-
F¶p a\-Ên-em-¡p-t¼mÄ Ah³ bmsXm-cp-hn-[-¯n- epÅ I³ hnip² _p²n-cq-]- amb t\{X-§Ä hgn ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ
timIw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶n-Ã. Fs¶-t¶-¡p-ambn ZpxJ-tim-Im- B Znhy-kz-cq-]-¯nsâ ZÀi\w t\Sp-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³
Zn-I-fnÂ\n¶pw apà-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Cu ]c-ta-iz-cs\ Adn-bp-¶pthm Ah³ Aa-c-\m-bn-¯o-
cp¶p; ]c-am-\-µ-kz-cq-]-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ ASp¯ c­p a{´- §-fn-embn XXz-Nn-´- IÄ
hÀ®n-¡p-¶p. kw_Ôw þ tbmK-[m-c-W-amÀ¤w a\-Ên-t\bpw C{µn-b-§-
tfbpw \nb-{´n¨v ]c-ta-iz-cs\ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ aäp
7. C{µn-tb`y: ]cw at\m a\k: k¯z-ap-¯aw
km[\ hnh-cn-¡p¶p þ
k¯zm-Z[n alm-\mßm altXmhyà-ap-¯-aw.
10. bZm ]©m-h-Xn-jvTt´ Úm\m\n
C{µn-b-§-fn a\Êv t{ijvT- am-Ip-¶p. a\-Êns\¡mÄ a\km kl
_p²n D¯-a- am-Ip-¶p. _p²n- tb-¡mÄ AXnsâ kzman-bmb
_p²nÝ \ hntN-jvSXn Xmam-lp:]-camw KXnw.
Pohm- ßmhv DbÀ¶- Xm- Ip¶p; F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m Ah-sb-
Ãm-¯n-tâbpw ta CXn-\ -[ n-Im-c -a p-­ v. Ah-sbÃmw tbmKm-`ymkw sNbvXp-sNbvXv Ft¸mÄ a\-tÊm-Sp-IqSn
CXnsâ BÚm-]m-e-I-cmWv; CXv Ah-bpsS `cWm[n-Im- ]tÝ-{µn-b-§Ä \Ã-Xp-t]mse Ønc-am-Ipt¶m _p²n
cn-bm-Ip-¶p. AXm-bXv Ah-tb-¡mÄ Pohm-ßmhv AXy´w GI\mb ]c-am-ßm-hn ]c-am-ßm-hn-s\-b-ÃmsX asäm-¶n-
hne-£-W-am-Ip-¶p. Cu Pohm-ßm-hnepw CXnsâ Ahy-à(- tâbpw teiw-t]mepw Úm\-ap-­m-Im-¯-co-Xn-bn Ønc-
Im-c-Ww) icocw {]_-e-am-W.v bmsXm¶v CXns\ _Ôn-¨n- am-bn-¯o-cpt¶m B Ah-Øsb tbmKn-IÄ ]c-a-KXn þ
«n-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXp `K-hmsâ B {]Ir-Xn-bpsS Awi-am- tbmK-¯nsâ kÀtÆm-¯-a-KXn þ F¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
Ip-¶p.
11. Xmw tbmK-anXn a\yt´ Øncm-
8. Ahy-àm¯p ]cx ]pcptjm hym]tIm an- {µn-b -[m-c Wmw
enwK GhN A{]-a-¯-kvXZm `hXn tbmtKm ln
bw ÚmXzm-ap-tNytX P´p-c-ar-XXzw N KÑ-Xn. {]`- hm-]y- bu.
Cu {]Ir-Xn-sb-¡mÄ AXn-sâ-kzm-an-bmb ]c-a-]p-cpj C{µn-bw, a\-Êv, _p²n Ch-bpsS \nÝ-em-h-Ø-bpsS
]c-am-ßmhv t{ijvT-\m-Ip-¶p. At±lw \ncm-Im-c-cq-]-¯n \maw tbmKw F¶m-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw A\p-`- h-Ú m-\-apÅ
kÀÆ{X hym]n-¨n-cn- ¡p- ¶p. (KoX 9þ4) Cu Pohm- ßmhv {]Ir- tbmKnsb alm-\p-`m-h-\mbn Icp-Xp-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­-
Xn-bpsS _Ô-\§ - -fnÂ\n¶pw kÀÆYm apà-am-hp-Ibpw ¶m B kabw km[- I³ hnj-b-ZÀi\ cq]- §- fmb FÃm
Aar-X-kz-cq-]-amb ]c-am-\-µs¯ t\Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. {]am-Z-§-fn \n¶pw cln-X-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. F¶m Cu
AXp-sIm­v a\p-j yÀ Cu {]Ir-Xn-bpsS _Ô- \ -§ - tbmKw DZ-bhpw AkvX-a-bhpw t]mse-bm-Ip-¶p. AXp-Im-
fnÂ\n¶pw apàn-t\-Sp-¶-Xn-\p-th­n CXnsâ kzman-bmb cWw ]c-am-ßm- hns\ {]m]n- ¡- W- sa¶v A`n- e- jn- ¡p¶ CÑm-
]c- {_Ò ]pcp- tjm- ¯- as\ icWw {]m]n- ¡Ww ]c- am-ßmhv ep-¡-fmb km[-IÀ \nc-´cw tbmK-bp-à-cm-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-
Cu Pohn-I-fn Icp-W-tXm¶n ambm-a-dsb hen¨p amäp- \pÅ ZrVm-`ymkw sNbvXp-sIm-­n-cn-¡-Ww.
t¼mÄ At±-l¯ - nsâ ZÀi\w Chbv¡p kn²-am-Ip-¶p.
12. ss\h hmNm \ a\km {]m]vXpw itIym
AsÃ-¦n Cu aqV-·mÀ, kÀÆZm X§-tfm-sSm¯p hkn-
\ N£pjm
¨n-cp-¶n«pw B ]c-ta-iz-c-s\-¯s¶ Xncn-¨-dn-bp-¶n-Ã.
AkvXoXn {_phtXm\y{X IYw XZp-]-e-`y-tX.
9. \ kwZrti XnjvTXn cq-]-aky \
N£pjm ]iy Xn IÝ-ss\\w B ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hns\ hmWn apX-emb IÀt½-
{µn-b-§ÄsIm­pw N£pÊv BZn-bmb Úmt\-{µn-b-
lrZm a\ojm a\-km`n ¢p]vtXm b
§ÄsIm­pw a\-Ê v, _p²n BZn-b mb A´x-I-c -W -
GXZvhn Zpc-ar-XmkvtX `h-´n.
§ÄsIm­pw {]m]n- ¡p- hm³ km[n-¡p- ¶n- Ã. F´p- sIm- s­-
Cu ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-csâ Znhy-kz-cq]w {]Xy-£-hn- ¶m AXv Ch-bs v ¡Ãmw F¯m-hp-¶n-S-¯p-\n¶pw hfsc
j-b-cq-]-¯n \½psS ap¼n hcp-¶n-Ã, ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ Zqsc ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. F¶m At±-ls¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶-

N P
 66
I Xn\p Xo{h-ambn CÑn-¡p-¶-h\v At±-ls¯ {]m]n-¡p-hm³
km[n-¡p-¶p. Cu kwKXn bmsXm-cp-¯³ ]d-bp-¶n-Ãtbm
kzoI-cn-¡p-¶n-Ãtbm AXm-bXv CXp-kw-_-Ôn¨v bmsXm-cp-
¯\v ZrV-amb hnizmkw D­mIp¶nÃtbm Ah\v At±-
ls¯ F§s\ {]m]n- ¡p-hm³ Ignbpw? AXn-\m ]qÀÆ
a{´-¯n ]d-ªn-«pÅ coXn-b-\p-k-cn¨v C{µnbw a\Êv
apX- embn FÃmw tbmKm- `ymkw apJm- ´ncw XS-ªn«v ""AXym-
hiyhpw km[-I\p e`yhpw BIp¶p'' F¶pÅ ZrV-\n-
Ý-b-t¯m-Sp-IqSn \nc-´cw AXnsâ {]m]vXn-¡p-th­n ]c-
a-amb D¡-WvTt- bm-Sp-IqSn {]b-Xv\-io-e-cm-bn-cn-¡-Ww.
13. AkvXo-tXy-thm-]-e_v[ hykvX¯z
`mth\ tNm`tbm:
AkvXo-tXy-thm-]-e-_v[ky XXz-`mh: {]ko-Z-Xn.
""]c-ta-iz-c³ Bh-iyhpw At±lw km[-I\p \nÝ-b-
ambpw e`yhpw BIp¶p'' F¶ Imcy-t¯-¸-än-bpÅ ZrV-
hn-izmkw km[-I\v Ft¸mgpw D­m-bn-cn-¡-Ww. ]n¶oSv
CtX \nÝ-b-t¯m-Sp-IqSn¯s¶ At±-ls¯ kzoI-cn-¡p-
Ibpw XZ-\-´cw XmXznI hnth-N-\m-]qÀÆw \nc-´cw At±-
ls¯ [ym\n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn«v B ]cm-i-ànsb {]m]n-
¡mw. ""At±lw Bh-iy-am-W¶pw Xsâ Xs¶ lrZ-b-
¯n hncm-Pn-¡p¶p F¶pw AXnsâ {]m]vXn Bhiyam-
Ip¶p'' F¶pw Ft¸mÄ km[-I³ hnizm-k- t¯m- Sp- IqSn `K-
hms\ kzoI-cn-¡p-¶pthm At¸mÄ ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ B
XmXznI Znhy-kz-cq]w Ahsâ hnip² lrZ-b-¯n kzb-
ambn {]I-S-am-hp-Ibpw `K-hmsâ {]Xy£w A\p-`-h-am-Ip-
Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ C\n \njv¡ma`mh-¯nsâ aln-a-sb-¸än ]d-
bp¶p þ
14. bZm kÀtÆ {]apNyt´ Imam tbky
lrZn-{inXm:
AY aÀtXymartXm `h-Xy{X {_Ò
ka-iv\p-tX.
a\p-jysâ lrZbw \nXyhpw \nc-´- chpw \m\m-{]-Im-c-
§-fn-ep-apÅ sFln-Ihpw ]mc-eu-In-Ihpw Bb A`n-em-
j-§ÄsIm­p \nd-b-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p, Cu ImcWw sIm­v
Cu ]c-am-\µ kzcq-]-\mb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ F{]-Imcw {]m]n-
¡p-hm³ km[n¡pw F¶v Ah³ Hcn-¡epw Nn´n-¡p-¶n-
Ã. Imay-hn-j-b-§-fpsS Bk-àn-bm Ah³ ]c-am-ßm-
hns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn\v A`nejn¡p-¶p-an-Ã. Cu FÃm A`n-
emj§fpw km[-Isâ lrZ-b-¯n \n¶pw kaqew \in-
¨p-t]m-Ip-t¼mÄ Ah³ Aa-c-\mbn¯ocp-Ibpw Cu a\p-
jy- i- co- c-¯n¯s¶ B ]c- {_Ò ]c- ta- iz- csâ km£mÂ
A\p-`hw \Ã-Xp-t]mse kwPm-X- am-Ip-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ kwib cln-X-amb ZrV- \n-Ý-b-¯nsâ aln-
asb ]d-bp¶p þ
N P
15. bZm kÀth {]`n-Zyt´ K
lrZ-b-tkyl {KÙb:
AY aÀtXymartXm `h-tXy-Xm-h-²y\p
imk-\w.
km[-Isâ lrZ-b-¯n-epÅ Al-´bpw aa-Xm-cq-]-¯n-
epÅ kakvX AÚm\ {KÙn-Ifpw \Ã-Xp-t]mse Aäp-
t]m-Ip-Ibpw Ahsâ FÃm-hn-[-¯n-ep-apÅ kwi- b-§Ä
kÀÆYm \in-¡p-Ibpw D]-cyp-à-amb D]-tZ-i-a-\p-k-cn¨v
""]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c³ Bh-iy-amWv; At±-ls¯ \nÝ-b-
ambpw e_n¡pw'' F¶pÅ ZrV-\n-Ý-bhpw Ah-\p-­m-
Ip-t¼mÄ Ah³ Cu ico-c-¯n Pohn-¨p-sIm-­p-Xs¶
]c-ta-iz-cs\ km£m-XvI-cn¨v Aa-c-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. thZm-
´- ¯nsâ k\m-X-t\m-]-tZiw CXp am{X-am-Ip-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ C\n ac-Wm-\-´-c-apÅ Pohm-ßm-hnsâ KXn
hÀ®n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶ p.
16. iXw ssNIm N lrZ-bky \mUy-kvXmkmw
aqÀ[m\ a`n\n: krssXIm
XtbmÀ[z-am-b-¶-ar-X-Xz-taXn hnjz-§\ym
DXv{I-atW `h-´n.
lrZ-b-¯n \qän-sbm¶p {][m\ \mUnIÄ D­v. Ah
Ahn-sS-\n¶pw FÃm `mK-t¯bv¡pw hym]n-¨p-In-S-¡p-¶p.
AXn kpjp-a v\-s b-¶ p-] -d-b p¶ Hcp \mUn lrZ-b -
¯nÂ\n¶pw akvX-I-¯n-te-bv¡p t]mbn-cn-¡p-¶p. `K-
hmsâ ]c-a-[m-a-¯n-tebv¡p t]mtI­ Ah-Imin B
\mUn-b n¡qSn ico- c -¯ nÂ\n¶pw shfn- b nÂh¶v
Gähpw DbÀ¶ temI-¯ n þ `K-h msâ ]c-a-[ m-a -
¯nÂsN¶v Aar-X-kz-cq-]\pw ]c-am-\-µ-a-b-\p-amb ]c-ta-
iz-cs\ {]m]n- ¡p- ¶p. aäp Pohn- IÄ ac- W- Im- e¯v aäp \mUn-
I-fn¡qSn ico-c¯ - n \n¶pw shfn-bnÂh¶v Ah-c-h-
cpsS IÀ½-§Ä¡pw hmk-\-IÄ¡pw A\p-k-cW - -ambn
\m\m-tbm-\n-Isf {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
17. BwKp-jvT-am-{X:-]p-cptjm´cmßm
kZm P\m\mw lrZtb k¶n-hnjvSx
Xw kzmÑ-co-cm-Xv{]-hr-tl-·p-RvP m-Zn-th-joImw
ss[tcyW Xw hnZyp-Ñp-{I-a-arXw
hnZym-Ñ p-{I-a-ar-X -an-Xn.
AJn- e-¯n-tâbpw A´-cym-an-bmb ]ca ]pcpj ]c-ta-
iz-c³ lrZ-b¯ - n-\-\p-cq-]-ambn AwKpjvSam-{X-cq-]-¯nÂ
kZm FÃm a\p- jy-cp- tSbpw DÅn \nh- kn-¡p- ¶p, F¦nepw
a\p-jyÀ At±-l -¯nsâ t\tc t\m¡p-¶p-t]m-ep-an-Ã.
bmsXm-cp-¯³ {]am-Z-c-ln-X-\mbn At±-ls¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶-
Xn-\pÅ km[-\-bn apgp-Ip-¶pthm Ah³ ico-c-Ø-\mb
B ]c- ta-iz-cs\ Cu ico- c-t¯m- sSm¯p Xs¶ kzb- ambpw
AXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ {]tXy-I-ambpw hne-£- W-ambpw km[m-
cW Bfp-IÄ apª- ¸p- ÃnÂ\n¶pw AXnsâ \mcns\ {]tXy-
I-am-bn-¡m-Wp-¶-Xp-t]mse ImWp-Ibpw thWw. AXm-bXv
 67

I F{]-Imcw apª-¸p-Ãn-epÅ \mcv apª-¸p-Ãn-t\-¡mÄ hne- hn[n-Ifpw {]m]n-¨n«v P\-\a- -c-W-§-fnÂ\n¶p apà\pw K
£- Whpw {]tXy-I-X -bp-ÅX - p-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AtX FÃm hnIm- c-§-fnÂ\n¶p cln-X\pw AXp-t]mse kÀÆYm
{]Imcw Xs¶ B ico-c-hpw. Bßm-hnsâ DÅn A[n-h- hnip-²-\p-ambn ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-cs\ {]m]n-¨p. aäm-sc-
kn-¡p¶ ]c-ta-iz-c³ B c­n-t\-¡mfpw kÀÆYm Akm- ¦nepw Cu B²ym-ßnI hnZysb Cu hn[-¯n \Nn-tI-
[m-c- W-am-Ip- ¶p. AXp- Xs¶ hnip² Aar-X-a-Ip-¶p. ChnsS X- Ên\p Xpeyw icn-¡p-icn a\-Ên-em-¡p-Ibpw {i²m-]qÀÆw
Cu hmIys¯ ]p\- cm- hÀ¯n-¡p- ¶Xv D]- tZ-i-¯nsâ kam- AXns\ [cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm Ah\pw \Nn-tI-X-Ên-
]vX n-tbbpw AXp-t ]mse kn²m-´ -¯nsâ \nÝn-X- Xz- t\-t¸mse FÃm hnIm-c-§-fnÂ\n¶pw cln-X\pw P\-\a - -c-
t¯bpw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. W-§-fnÂ\n¶p apà-\p-am-bn«v ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hns\
{]m]n-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶p.
18. arXyp-t{]màmw \Nn-tItXmY e_v[zm
hnZym-taXmw tbmK-hn[nw N IrÕ\w im´n- ] mTw
{_Ò {]m]vtXm hnctPm`qZzn-ar-Xypþ Hmw kl \mh-h-Xp. kl \u `q\-àp. kl
ct\ymt]y hw tbm hnZ-[ym-ß-ta-h. hocyw Ic-hm-h-ssl. tXPkzn \mh-[o-X-a-kvXp. am
hnZznjm hssl. im´nx im´x im´nx
C{]-Imcw ba-cm-P-\m D]-Zn-jSv -amb kakvX hnth-N-
\-§-tfbpw {i²m-]qÀÆmw tI«-Xn-\p-tijw \Nn-tI-XÊv CXnsâ AÀ°w D]-\n-j-¯nsâ Bcw-`-¯n sImSp-
At±-l-¯m ]d-b-s¸« k¼qÀ®-hn-Zybpw tbmK-¯nsâ ¯n- «p-­ v.

1 tIt\m-]-\n-j¯v 3

Cu D]-\n-j¯v kma-th-Z-¯nse ""Xe-h-Imc {_mÒ Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx

W''¯nsâ Hcp `mK-am-Ip-¶p. Xe-h-Im-cs¯ ssPan-\o-tbm-
tl ]c-am-ßm-th, Fsâ FÃm AwK-§fpw hmWn,
]-\n-j¯v F¶p-IqSn ]d-bm-dp-­v. Cu D]-\n-j¯v BZyw
t\{Xw, t{im{Xw apX-e mb FÃm IÀt½-{µn-b -§ fpw
""tI\'' F¶ hm¡p-sIm­v Bcw-`n-¡p-¶-Xn-\m CXn\v
Úmt\-{µn-b-§fpw {]mW-k-aq-lhpw imco-cn-Ihpw am\-
tIt\m-]-\n-j¯v F¶p t]mcp-h-¶p. CXns\ Xe-h-Im-tcm-
kn-I-hp-amb iàn-Ifpw HmPÊpw þ FÃm ]pjvSnbpw AXp-
]-\n-j¯v ({_m-Ò-tWm-]-\n-j-¯v) F¶p IqSn NneÀ hnfn-
t]mse hr²nbpw {]m]n-¡-s«. D]-\n-j-¯p-¡-fn hÀ®n-
¡p-¶p.
¡-s¸- «n- cn-¡p¶ kÀÆ- cq-]-{_-Òs¯ Rm³ Hcn- ¡epw kzoI-
tIt\m- ]- \n-j-¯n {_Ò- X- Xz- s¯-¸än {]Xn-]m- Zn-¡p¶p. cn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡-bn-Ã. AXp-t]mse B {_Òhpw Fs¶ Hcn-
Cu XXzw hni-Z-am-¡p-¶-Xn\v Kpcp-injy kwhm-Z-cq-]-¯n ¡epw ]cn-Xy-Pn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡-s«. Fs¶ kZm-Im-ehpw kz´-
XXz-§sf hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. am-¡n-¯oÀ¡-s«. Ft¶m-Sp-IqSn {_Ò-¯n-tâbpw {_Ò-
t¯m-Sp-IqSn Ftâbpw \nXy-k-¼À¡w \ne-\n¡-s«. D]-
im´n- ] mTw
\n-j-¯p-¡-fn GtXXp [À½-§-sf-¸än {]Xn-]m-Z\w sN¿-
Hmw A]ym-b´p aamw-Km\n hmIv {]mW-Ý-£px- s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶pthm Ah-sbÃmw D]-\n-j¯ - nsâ GI-am{X
t{im-{X-atYm _e-an-{µn-bmWn N kÀhmWn; kÀhw e£y-amb ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-am-ßm-hn \nc-´cw hym]r-X-ambn
{_Òu-]-\n-jZw amlw {_Ò \ncm-Ipcymw am am Ft¶t¸m-epÅ km[-I· - m-cn kZm-Im-ehpw {]Imin¨p-
{_Ò \ncm-I-tcm-Xv, A\n-cm-I-c-Wa - -kvXz-\n-cm-I-cWw sIm-­n-cn-¡s«; F¶n \nXyhpw \nc-´-chpw D­m-bn-
takvXp; XZmß\ n \nctX b D ]- \ n- j Õp s¡m-­n-cn-¡-s«. Fsâ {Xnhn-[-Xm-]-§Ä¡pw im´n- bp-­m-
[À½mkvtX abn k´p tX abn k´p. I-s«.

N P
 68

I {]Y-a-JWvUw Aeu-InI Znhy XXz-§-fn-tebv¡v Ah-bpsS {]th-i\w K

Hcp Ime¯pw kw`-hy-a-Ã. ]ns¶tbm Ah-bn IpSn-sIm-
kw_Ôw þ injy³ Kpcp-tZ-h-t\mSp tNmZn-¡p¶p: þ
Åp¶ tNX-\bpw {Inbm-i-ànbpw AtX {_Ò-¯nsâ
1. Hmw tIt\-jnXw ]XXn t{]jnXw a\: Xs¶ t{]c-Wbpw iànbpw BIp-¶p. C{]- Im-c-apÅ Ah-
tI\ {]mW: {]Y-ax-ss{]Xn bpà: Ø- bn a\x-þ-C-{µn-b- §Ä apJm-´ncw B {_Òw "C§s\'
tIt\-jnXmw hmN-anamw hZ´n DÅ-Xm-sW¶v BÀ¡v F§s\ ]d-bp-hm³ Ignbpw? C{]-
Imcw {_Ò-X-tXzm-]-tZ-i-¯nsâ kzcq]w \mw BcnÂ
N£px t{im{Xw I D tZthm bp\-àn. \n¶pw ]Tn-¨n-«p-anÃ; \mw kzbw kz_p-²n-bpsS a\\w hgn-
Cu a{´-¯n \mep tNmZy-§Ä AS-§n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. bmbn {Kln-¨n-«p-an-Ã. GsXmcp alm-]p-cp-j-\nÂ\n¶pw Cu
PU-cq-]-amb A´x-Ic- -Ww, {]mW³, hmWn XpS-§nb KqV-X-Xz-§-fpsS D]-tZiw \ap¡p e`n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶pthm
IÀt½-{µn-b§- Ä¡pw N£pÊv BZn-bmb Úmt\-{µn-b- Ah³ þ B ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-ta-iz-c³ PU-tN-X-\-IÄ¡p `n¶-
§Ä¡pw AXm-Xn-tâ-Xmb Imcy-§Ä \S-¯p-¶-Xn-\pÅ \m-sW¶p \mw {Kln-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶n- S-t¯mfw
Ign-hp-IÄ {]Zm\w sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶Xpw AXp-Isf AXm- kw]qÀ®-P-U-hÀ¤-§-fnÂ\n¶pw kÀÆYm `n¶hpw Cu
Xn-tâ-Xmb IÀ½-§-fn {]hÀ¯\ \nc-X-am-¡n-s¡m-­n- PU-hÀ¤s¯ Adn-bp-Ibpw F¶m kzbw Adn-b-s¸-Sm-
cn-¡p-¶Xpw Bb GtXm kÀÆ-i-àn-a-¯mb tNX-\-bp-­- Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ Pohm-ßm-hn-s\-¡mÄ AXy-[nIw
tÃm, AXv GXmWv? F§-s\-bp-Å-XmWv? D¯-ahpw BIp-¶p. C{]-Im-c-apÅ ØnXn¡v AXnsâ
kzcq- ]-X-Xzs¯ hm¡p-IÄhgn hyà-am-¡p-hm³ Hcn-¡epw
kw_Ôw þ CXn\p adp-]-Sn-bmbn Kpcp ]d-bp-¶p.
km[y-a-Ã. CXp-sIm­p AXns\ {Kln-¡p-¶-Xn\p kqN-\-
2. t{im{Xky t{im{Xw a\tkm at\m bþ Isf B[m-c-am-t¡-­- Xmbn hcp¶p (KoX 15-þ18).
ZzmtNm l hmNw k D {]mWky {]mW: kw_- Ôwþ C\n AtX {_Ò- s¯, {]iv\-§-fpsS ASn- Øm-
N£p-j-Ý-£p-c-Xn-apNy [ocm: \-¯n ho­pw A©p a{´- §Äaqew a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p.
t{]XymkvamtÃm-Im-Z-ar-Xm-`-h-´ n. 4. bZzm-Nm-\`- yp-ZnXw tb\ hmK-`yp-ZytX
Cu a{´- ¯n Kpcp injysâ tNmZy-§Ä¡p kv]jvS- XtZh {_Ò Xzw hn²n t\Zw bZn-Z-ap-]m-k-tX.
amb adp-]Sn ]d-bmsX hm¡p-IÄsIm­p Imcyw {Kln-¸n-
bmsXm¶v hm¡p-I-fm hyà-am-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-
¡m³ {ian-¡-bm-W.v bmsXm-cp-¯³ a\-Êntâbpw {]mW-
¶pthm AXp-t]mse {]mIr-X-hm-Wn- bn ]d-s¸-«n-«pÅ XXz-
tâbpw k¼qÀt®-{µn-b-§ -fp-s Sbpw kakvX PK-¯ n-
§-fm D]m-kn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶pthm AXv {_Ò-¯nsâ hmkvX-
tâbpw ]c-a-Im-c-W-\m-Ip-¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯-\n \n¶pw
hnI cq]w BIp-¶n-Ã. {_Ò-XXzw hm¡p-IÄ¡pw AXo-X-
iàn {]m]n-¨n«v Ch-sbÃmw AXm-Xn-tâ-Xmb {]hÀ¯-\- am-Ip-¶p. bmsXmcp iàn-bpsS Awiw-sIm­v hmWn-bnÂ
§Ä \S- ¯p- hm³ {]m]vX-cm- bn- cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp- ¯³
kwkm-c-iàn {]I-S-am-Ip-¶ p-thm, bmsXm¶v hmWn-bp-
Ch-sbÃmw Adn-bp-¶-h\ - m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ B ]c-
tSbpw ÚmXmhpw t{]c-Wbpw {]hÀ¯-\hpw Bbn-cn- ¡p-
{_-Ò] - p-cp-tjm-¯-a³ Xs¶ CXn-sâ-sbÃmw t{]c-Ii - -àn-
¶pthm AXp {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p. B hnj-b¯ - n tIhew
bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Ahs\ Adn-ªn«v Úm\n-I- fm-bn-«p-Å-hÀ
C{Xbpw am{Xta ]d-bp-hm³ km[n-¡p-I-bp-Åq.
Poh-·p-à-cmbn Cu temI-¯n \n¶pw {]bmWw sNbvX-
tijw Aa-c-kz-cq-]-am-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AXm-bXv 5. b·-\km \ a\ptX tb\m-lpÀ½t\m aXw
P\- \-a- c-W- §-fn \n¶pw \nXy- ambn tamN\w {]m]n-¡p- ¶p. XtZh {_Ò Xzw hn²n t\Zw bZn-Z-ap-]m-k-tX.
kw_Ôw þ B a\-Ênepw {]mW-\nepw C{µn-b§ - -fnepw _p²n-bp-tSbpw a\-Ên-tâbpw hnj-b-¯n Fs´Ãmw
t{]c-Ws- N-ep-¯p¶ {_Òw C§-s\-bpÅXmIp-¶p. C{]- Adn-bp-hm³ Ign- bp-¶pthm AXp-t]mse {]mIrX at\m-_p-
Imcw Akv]-jSv - cq]w F´p-sIm-­mWv? CtX-¸än Kpcp ]d- ²n-bn \n¶pw Adn-ªn-«p-Å- Xmb GsXmcp XXzs¯ D]m-
bp-¶p. kn-¡p-¶pthm AXp {_Ò-¯nsâ hmkvX-hn-I-kz-cq-]-am-Ip-
¶n-Ã. ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-ta-iz-c³ a\-Ên\pw _p²n¡pw kÀÆYm
3. \ X{X N£pÀK-ÑXn \ hm¤-ÑXn t\m a\x
AXo-X-\m-Ip-¶p. bmsXm¶p a\-Ên-tâbpw _p²n-bp-tSbpw
\ hnZvtam \ hnPm-\otam bssY-XZ- -\p-in-jymXv ÚmXm-hm-Ip-¶pthm Ahbv¡p a\\w sN¿p-¶-Xn\pw
A\y-tZh XZzn-Zn-Xm-ZtYm Ahn-Zn-Xm-Z[n \nÝbw sN¿p-¶-Xn-\p-apÅ iàn \ÂIp-¶pthm AXp-
CXn ip{ipa ]qÀtÆjmw t]mse a\-\hpw \nÝ-bhpw sN¿p-¶-Xn \nbp-à-am-bn-
tb\-k vX-Zvh ym-N-N-£ n-t c. cn-¡ p-¶ pthm bmsXm-¶ nsâ iàn-b psS Aev] mw-i -
B k¨n-Zm- \µ ]c- a-L\ ]c-{_-Òs¯ {]mIr-X-§-fmb ¯nÂ\n¶pw _p²n-bn \nÝbw sN¿p-¶-Xn\pw a\-ÊnÂ
A´x-Ic - -W-§Ä¡pw C{µn-b-§Ä¡pw Adn-bp-hm³ Ign- a\\w sN¿p-¶-Xn-\p-apÅ Ign-hp-­m-Ip-¶pthm AXt{X
bp-¶n-Ã. Ahbv¡v Ahn-Sw-hsc F¯p-hm³ Ign-hn-Ã. B {_Òw. B hnj-b¯ - n C{X-am-{Xta ]d-bp-hm-\p-Åq.

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I 6. b¨-£pjm \ ]iyXn tb\ N£pwjn ]iyXn kmt¦-Xn-I-`m-j-bn {Kln-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n ChnsS Kpcp, K

XtZh {_Ò Xzw hn²n t\Zw bZn-Z-ap-]m-k-tX. AJn-e-¯n-tâbpw ÚmXm-hv, iàn-{]-Zm-b-I³, kzman,
t{]c- I ³, {]hÀ¯- I ³, kÀÆ- i - à n- a m³, \nXy³
I®p-I-fpsS hnjbw þ I®p-IÄ apJm-´ncw ImWp- Fs¶Ãmw A{]m-Ir-X-]-c-a-X-Xz-amb {_Ò-s¯-¸än ]d-ªp-
Ibpw Adn-bp- Ibpw sN¿p-¶Xpw D]m- k\ \S-¯p-¶-Xp-amb X-¶n-cn-¡p- ¶p.
{]mIrX ]ZmÀ°-k© - -bw. AXp {_Ò-¯nsâ hmkvX-hn-
I-cq-]w BIp-¶n-Ã. ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c³ N£p-cmZn C{µn- ZznXob JWvUw
b-§Ä¡pw AXo- X- \m-Ip- ¶p. bmsXm-¶nsâ iànbpw t{]c- 1. bZn a\ytk kpth-tZXn Z{`-ta-hm]n
W-bpw-sIm­p N£pÊv BZn-bmb Úmt\- {µn- b- §Ä X§-
\q\w Xzw th° {_ÒtWm cq]w
fpsS hnj-b -§ -fn kmaÀ°yw {]I-Sn-¸ n-¡ p-¶pthm
bmsXm¶v Ahsb Adn-bp-Ibpw Ahsb AXm-Xp-I-fpsS bZky Xzw bZky tZth-jzY \p
hnj- b-§Ä Adn-bp-¶-Xn t{]cW sNep-¯p- Ibpw sN¿p- aoamwkytah tX at\y hnZo-Xw.
¶pthm AXp-t]mse bmsXm-¶nsâ iàn- bpsS Awi-am- Cu a{´- ¯n Kpcp Xsâ injys\ {i²-tbm-Sp-IqSn
Ip-¶pthm B {]`mhw {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p. Cu hnj-b¯ - n ho£n- ¨p-sIm­p ]d-bp-¶p. \mw apJm-´ncw a\-Ên-em-¡n-
C{X-am-{Xta ]d-ªp-X-cp-hm³ km²y-am-Ib- p-Åq. ¯¶ {_Ò-X-Xzs¯ {ihn-¨n- «v. B {_Òs¯ ]qÀ®-ambpw
7. bÑ-tdm-t{XW \ irtWmXn tb\ {Kln-¨p-I-gnªp F¶p \o Xocp-am-\n-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n \o
t{im{X-anZw {ipXw {_Ò- kz-cq-]s¯ Gähpw Aev]-ambn am{Xta {Kln- ¨n- «pÅq
XtZh {_Ò Xzw hn²n t\Zw bZnZ ap]m-ktX F¶Xp XoÀ¨- bmb kwK- Xn-bm-Ip-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶mÂ
B ]c-{_-Ò¯ - nsâ Awi-`q-X-am-bn-cn-¡p¶ Pohm-ßm-hv,
bmsXm¶v {ih-W-]p-S-§-fÄ¡p e£o-`-hn-¡p-¶pthm AXn-s\-¯-s¶bpw AYhm FÃm tZh-X-I-fnepw þ AXm-
bmsXmcp {]mIr-X-hk - X v p-k-aq-l-¯m D]m-k\ sN¿-s¸- bXv a\-Êv, _p²n, {]mW³ apX-em-b-hb - n A´Àeo-\-am-
Sp-¶pthm AXv hmkvX-h-¯n {_Ò-kz-cq-]-am-Ip-¶n-Ã. ]c- bn-cn-¡p¶ {_Ò-¯nsâ Awiw-sIm­v AXm-Xp-IÄ¡p
{_-Ò-]-c-ta-iz-c³ t{imt{X-{µn-b-§-fpsS ÚmXmhpw t{]c- {]hÀ¯n¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ Ign-hp-IÄ D­m-bn-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-
I\pw AXn {ih-Wi - àn kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ Ign- ¶p. AXns\ \o {_Òw F¶p Icp-Xp-I-bmsW¦n \nsâ
hnsâ \nt£- ]-I\pam-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXp km£m ]c- Adnhp bYmÀ°-am-Ip-¶n-Ã. {_lvaw C{X-bn HXp-§n-
{_-Òa - m-Ip-¶p. Cu hnj-bs¯ kw_-Ôn¨v CXn IqSp- \n¡p-¶n-Ã. Cu Pohm- ßm- hnepw kakvX hniz-{_-Òm- Þ-
X-embn H¶pw ]d-bp-hm-\n-Ã. ¯nepw hym]n-¨p-I n-S-¡p¶ iàn-sbÃmw GtIm-]n¨p
8. bXv {]mtW\ \ {]mWnXn tb\ {]mW: t\m¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n AXv B {_Ò-¯nsâ tIhew
{]Wo-btX Hcwiw am{Xta BIp-¶p-Åq. AXn-\m \o a\-Ên-em-¡n-
bn-cn-¡p¶ Cu {_Ò-XXzw \ns¶ kw_- Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw
XtZh {_Ò Xzw hn²n t\Zw bZn-Z-ap-]m-k-tX.
]p\Àhn-Nm-cW sNt¿-­Xp Bh-iy-amWv F¶p Rm³
{]mW³ aqew tNjvSm-bp-à-amb hkvXp-¡-tfbpw Icp-Xp-¶ p.
{]mIr-X- {]m-W-\m A\p-{]m-Wn-X- amb XXz-§-tfbpw D]m-
kw_-Ô wþ Kpcp-tZ-hsâ D]-tZ-is¯ ASn-Øm-\-am¡n
k\ sN¿p-¶Xp hmkvX-h-¯n {_Ò-¯nsâ kzcq-]-a-Ã.
Nn´n-¨n«v injy³ At±- l-¯nsâ ap¼n Xsâ A`n-{]mbw
]c- {_Ò ]c-ta-i z- c ³ Ah-b vs ¡Ãmw AXo-X -\ -t {X.
{]I- S-am-¡p-¶p.
bmsXm¶p {]mWsâ ÚmXmhpw t{]c-I\pw AXn\p
iàn \ÂIp-¶-h\pw BIp-¶pthm bmsXm-¶nsâ iàn- 2. \mlw at\y kpth-tZXn
bpsS Aev]mwiw e`n-¨n-«,v bmsXm-¶nsâ t{]c-W-sIm­v t\m \ thtZXn thZ N
Cu {][m\ {]mW³ AJn-e -t¯bpw tNjvS m-b p-à -
tbm \ kvXtZzZ XtZzZ
am¡n¯oÀ¡p-¶pthm AXp kÀÆ-i-à-\mb ]c-ta-izc
{_Ò-am-Ip-¶p. AXns\ kw_-Ôn¨v C{Xbpw am{Xta ]d- t\m \ thtZXn thZ N.
bp-hm³ Ign-I-bp- Åq. Cu a{´-¯n injy³ Xsâ Kpcp-tZ-hsâ D]-tZ-i-
kmcmwiw Fs´-¶m {]mIr-X-§-fmb a\- Ên\pw C{µn- ¯nÂ\n¶pw kz´w A\p-`hw C{]-Imcw {]I-S-am-¡p-¶p.
b-§Ä¡pw e`y-am-Ip¶ hnj-b-§-sfÃmw {]mIr-X-§-fm-Ip- ""B {_Òs¯ Rm³ \¶mbn Adn-bp¶p F¶v Ah-Im-i-
¶p. AXm-bXv Ahsb ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-izc ]cm-Xv]-c-]p-cp- s¸-Sp-¶nÃ; F¶m AXns\ Rm\-dn-bp-¶n-söpw AwKo-
tjm-¯-asâ hmkvX-hn-I-kz-cq-]-§-fmbn AwKo-Ic - n-¡p- I- c n- ¡ p-¶ n-à . F´p- s Im- s ­- ¶ m Rm\-d n-b p-I bpw
hm³ km[y- ta- b-Ã. AXn-\m Ahsb D]m-kn-¡p-¶Xp ]c- sN¿p¶p F¶n- cp- ¶mepw Fsâ Cu Adnhv Hcp ÚmXmhv
{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-csâ D]m-k-\bpw BIp-¶n-Ã. a\-Êv, _p²n GsX-¦nepw tÚb-h-kvXp-hns\ Adn-bp-¶-Xp-t]m-ep-Å-X-
apX- em-bh- -bv¡-Xo-X- amb ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-izc kzcq-]s¯ Ã. CXv AXn- t\-¡mÄ kÀÆYm A]qÀÆhpw Aeu- In-Ihpw

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I BIp-¶p. AXp-sIm-­mWp Rm³ BZyw ""Rm\-Xns\ Adn- kw_Ôw þ C\n B {_Ò-X-Xzs¯ CtX P·-¯n Adn- K
bp¶p F¶pw Adn-bp-¶nà F¶pw F¦nepw Rm\-dn-bp¶p'' ªn-cn- t¡-­Xv AXy´w Bh- iy- am-Ip¶p þ F¶p ]d-ªp-
F¶pw ]d-ª-Xv. Fsâ Cu hm¡p-I-fpsS clkyw injy- sIm­v Cu {]I-c-Ws¯ D]-kw-l-cn-¡p-¶p.
·m-cmb R§-fn B {_Òs¯ Adn-ª n-«p-Å-h \p 5. Cl tNZ-thZo ZY-kX - yakvXn
icn¡p a\-Ên-em-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶p.
\ tNZn-lm-th-Zo-·-lXo hn\jvSn:
kw_Ôw þ C\n {ipXn apIfn ]dª Kpcp-in-jy-kw- `qtXjp `qtXjp hnNnXr [ocm:
hm-Z-¯nsâ Bibw kzbw hymJym-\n-¡p-¶p.
t{]Xym-k vam-tÃm-Im-Z-arXm `h-´n.
3. bkym aXw Xky aXw aXw bky
am\-h-Po- hnXw AXy´w ZpÀÃ- `- am-Ip- ¶p. AXp e`n- ¡p¶
\ thZ k:
a\p- jy³ ]c- am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn\pÅ km[-\-I-fnÂ
Ahn-ÚmXw hnPm-\Xmw hnÚm-X- X¸-c-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶n-sÃ-¦n Ah³ Gähpw hep-Xmb
a-hn-Pm-\ -X mw. sXäp {]hÀ¯n- ¡p-¶p. AXp-sIm-­mWp {ipXn-bn ]d-bp-
bmsXmcp alm-]p-cp-j³ ]c- {_-Ò-]- c-ta-iz-csâ km£m- ¶-Xv, "Cu ZpÀÃ-`-amb a\p-jy-i-cocw \ne-\n¡p-¶-Xp-hsc
Xv¡mcw {]m]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶pthm Ah-\n "Rm³ ]c-ta-iz- `K-h-XvIr]m ISm-£-¯m {]m]vX-am-bn-cn-¡p¶ km[\
cs\ Adn-ªn-cn-¡p¶p F¶pÅ Al-¦mcw Aev]-am{Xw kma-{Kn- IÄ D]-e-_v[-am- bn-cn- ¡p-t¼mÄ F{Xbpw thKw ]c-
t]mepw D­m-Ip-¶n-Ã. Ah³ ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ A\-´hpw am-ßm-hns\ Adn-bp-¶Xp FÃm {]Im-c-¯nepw t{ijvT-am-
Ako-ahpw Bb aln-amÀ®-h-¯n \na-á-\mbn "]c-am- bn-cn-¡pw. am\-h-P-·-¯nsâ ]c-a-kmÀ°-IX - bpw AXp-X-
ßmhp kzb-tah Xs¶ Adn-b-s¸-Sp¶p' F¶p a\-Ên-em- s¶- b m-
I p- ¶ p. Hcp ]t£ Cu kphÀ®m- h - k cw ssIhn-«p-
¡p-¶p. AÃmsX aämÀ¡pw Xs¶ B almÀ®-h¯ - nsâ t]m- I - b m- s W- ¦ n ]n¶oSp kw`- h n- ¡ p- ¶ Xp alm- \m-i-am-bn-
cn¡pw þ XpSÀ¨-bmbpw arXyp-a-b-kw-km-c-¯nsâ {]hml
A¡c IS-¡p-hm³ km[y-a-Ã. Ako-a-bpsS koasb koam-
§fn HgpIn \S-t¡-­- Xmbpw hcp-¶p. At¸mÄ Icªp
_-²-am-b-Xn\v F§s\ {]m]n-¡m³ Ignbpw? AXm-bXv
]Ým¯m]w {]I- S n-¸ n- ¡ p-I -b -Ã msX aäp bmsXmcp
Rm³ {_Òs¯ Adn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. Rm³ Úm\n-bm-Ip-
t]mwhgnIfpw Ahtijn-¡p¶nÃ. {]]©¯nsâ {Xnhn[
¶p, ]c-ta-iz-c³ F\n¡dnb-s¸«p Ignªp F¶v Bsc-
Xm]-§-fnepw {Xnhn[ thZ-\Ifnepw \n¶p c£- ¸-Sp-¶-Xn-
¦nepw Icp-Xp-¶p-s­- ¦n AhÀ kÀÆYm {`a-¯n AI-
\pÅ Hcp Hcp t]mwhgn Pohn-IÄ am\-h-P-·-¯n Z£-X-
s¸-«pIgnªncn-¡p-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m {_Òw C{]-
tbm-Sp-IqSn km[\ ]cm-b-Wc - mbn X§-fpsS Pohs\ \nXy-
Im-c-apÅ Úm\-hn-j-b-a-Ã. F{Xtbm Úm\ km[-\-IÄ
X-bn-te¡p th­n k^e-am-¡n- ¯oÀ¡pI F¶-Xm-Wv. a\p-
D­v. Ah-bn H¶n\p-t]mepw {_Ò-¯nsâ kao-]¯v
jy-P·w IqSmsX aäpÅ A\-h[n tbm\nIsfÃmw-Xs¶
F¯p-¶-Xn\v km[n-¡p-¶n-Ã. AXp-sIm­v C{]-Imcw
IÀ½- ^-e-§Ä A\p-`h - n-¡p-¶-Xn-\mbn am{Xw {]m]vX- am-Ip-
Adnhp k¼m-Zn-¨-hsc kw_-Ôn-¨n-St¯mfw ]c-am-ßmhp
¶p. Ah-bn Pohn-IÄ¡p ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-
kZm AÚm-X-am-Ip-¶p. Adn- b-W-sa-¶pÅ A`n-am\w \ne- \pÅ bmsXmcp km[-\-Ifpw A\p-jvTn-¡p-hm³ km[y-a-
\n¡p-¶-Xp-hsc ]c-ta-iz-csâ km£mXvImcw e`yam-Ip- Ã. _p²n-am-·m-cmbhÀ Cu kwKXn a\-Ên-em-¡p-Ibpw
¶n-Ã. Adn-bW
- -sa-¶pÅ A`n-am\w Aev]-am{Xw t]mep-an- AhÀ AXn¡qSn ]c- am-ßm- hnsâ km£m-XvImcw {]m]n¨v
Ãm¯ `mKy-hm-·m-cmb alm-]pcpj·mÀ¡p ]c-ta-iz-csâ Fs¶-t¶-¡p-ambn P\\ acW N{I-¯nÂ\n¶pw tamN\w
km£m-Xv¡mcw e`yam-Ip-¶p. t\Sn Aa-c-·m-cm-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
4. {]Xn-t_m-[-hn-ZnXw aX-a-ar-XXzw ln hnµtX
Bß\m hnµtX hocyw hnZybm hnµ-tX-arXw. XrXo-b -JWvU w
D]-cyp-à-amb hÀ®-\-¯n ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ GXp kw_Ôw þ {]Ya JWvU-¯n {_Ò-¯nsâ kzcq-]-
kzcq-] s¯ e£y-a m-¡ n-b m-b n-c n-¡ p-¶ pthm AXns\ XXzw a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n AXnsâ iàn-bpsS
Gähpw \¶mbn a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶-Xm-Ip¶p hmkvX-hn-I-amb kmt¦-XnI `mj-bn hn`n¶ {]Im- c-¯n ZnKvZÀi\w sN¿-
Úm\w. X±zmcm ]c-am-ß-{]m-]X v nbpw e`y-am-Ip-¶p. ]c-am- s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. c­m-as¯ JWvU-¯n {_Ò-Úm-\-
ß-Úm\ {]Zm- bn- \n-bmb Úm\-cq- ]-iàn A´- cym- an- bmb ¯nsâ t{ijvT- X- sb-¸än ]d-bp-¶-Xn-\p-th­n {]Y-a-{]-I-c-
]c-am-ßm-hn-\m a\p-jyÀ¡p e`n-¡p-¶p. a{´-§-fnepw W-¯nsâ hÀ®-\-I-tfmSv Hä-t\m-«¯ - n {_Ò-¯nsâ
hnZy-I-fnepw \n¶v Aar-X-cq-]a
- m-Ip¶ ]c-{_-Ò-¯nsâ kzcq]w F§ns\ tXm¶-s¸-Sp-¶pthm hmkvX-h-¯nÂ
{]m]vX n e`n- ¡ p-¶ p. X·qew a\p-j y- c n ]c-{ _Ò AXnsâ ]qÀ®-cq]w A{X-bvs¡m¶pw Bbn-cn-¡p-¶nÃ;
]pcptjm¯-asâ bYmÀ° kzcq-]s¯ Adn-bp- ¶-Xn- \pÅ AXm-Is« AXnsâ aln-a-bpsS Awiw am{Xta BIp-¶p-
A`n-cp-Nnbpw DÕm-lhpw hÀ²n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn¡pw F¶p Åq. Pohm-ßm-hv, a\-Êv, {]mW³, C{µn-b§ - Ä apX-em-b-
]d-b-s¸-«n- cn-¡p- ¶p. hbpw Ah-bpsS tZh-X-Ifpw FÃmw-Xs¶ {_Ò-¯nÂ

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I \n¶pw A\p-{]m-Wn-Xhpw t{]cn-Xhpw iàn-a¯pw Bbn Cu Imcy-km-²y-¯n\v Aán Ign-hp-Å-h-\m-sW¶p I­v K

Imcy-am{X {]k-à-§-fmbn hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p. At±- l- t¯mSp ]dªp: "AÃtbm PmX- th- Zm, A§p t]mbn
B b£w Bcm-sW-¶pÅ hnhcw Adn-ªp-sIm-­p-h-¶m-
aq¶m-as¯ JWvU-¯n hniz-¯n GtXXp Pohn-
epw.'' Aán¡p Xsâ _p²n-i-àn-bn A]m-c-amb KÀÆp-
Itfm ]ZmÀ°-§tfm iàn-a¯pw kpµ-chpw {]nb-s¸-«-
­m-bn-cp-¶p. AXp-Im-cWw At±lw ]d-ªp, "\Ã-Im-cyw,
Xp-ambn tXm¶p-¶p-thm, Ah-bpsS Pohn-X-¯n ImW-s¸-
Rm\p-S³ Xs¶ hnhcw Adn-ªp-h-cmw.'
Sp¶ k^-e-X-Is - fÃmw Xs¶ aln-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p-sh¶p
ZrjvSm-´- §Ä aqew {Kln-¸n-¡p-¶p. 4. XZ-`y-{Z-hXv Xa-`y-h-ZXv tImkoXy-ánÀhm
1. {_Òl tZtht`ym hnPntKy Xky l {_Ò Al-a-kvao-Xy-{_-ho-Öm-X-thZm hm
Al-k va o-Xn.
tWm hnPtb tZhm Aa-lo-b´ X
sF£- ´mkvam CXn F´mWp {]bm-k-ap-Å-sX¶v Aán-tZ-h³
Ita-hmbw hnPtbm kvamIta-hmbw Nn´n-¨p. AXn-\m At±lw AXn-thKw b£-¯nsâ
aln-ta-Xn. kao-]¯p sN¶p-tNÀ¶p. At±-ls¯ Xsâ kao]w
I­n«p b£w tNmZn-¨p. ""A§m-cm- Ip¶p?'' At¸mÄ Aán
]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-a³ tZh-·m-cn Ir]-bp-Å-h-\m- hnNm-cn¨p; Fsâ tXtPm-a-b-cq-]s¯ FÃm-hcpw Adn-bp-
bn«v AhÀ¡p iàn {]Zm\w sNbvXp. AXp ImcWw AhÀ ¶-Xm-WsÃm? Ch-\-§s\ Fs¶ Adn-bp-hm³ Ign-ªn-«n-
Akp-c- ·m-cpsS ta hnPbw hcn-¨p. Cu hnPbw hmkvX- Ã. At±lw sNmSn-¨p-sIm-­p-¯cw ]d-ªp. ""Rm³ {]kn-
h-¯n `K-hm-tâ-Xp-X-s¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p. tZh-X-IÄ tIhew ²-\mb Aán-bm-Ip-¶p. Fsâ ]Z-hn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw cl-
\nan¯w am{Xta Bbn-cp-¶p-Åq. F¶m B hkvXpX ky-]qÀ®-hp-amb \maw þ PmX-th-Z³ F¶m-Ip-¶p.
tZh-·mÀ AwKo-I-cn-¨n-Ã. AhÀ `K-hmsâ Ir]sb AwKo-
I-cn-¡msX B aln-asb X§-fpsS Ignhpw aln-abpw kw_Ôw þ At¸mÄ b£- cq-]-amb {_Òw Aán-tbmSp
F¶p Icp-Xnbpw AXy´w Al-¦m-c-t¯m-Sp-IqSn X§Ä tNmZn¨p þ
henb _e- im-en- I-fm- sW¶pw X§-fp-tS- Xmb _e-]u-cpjw 5. Xkvan-kvXzbn Inw hocy-an-Xn. A]oZw kÀÆw
sIm­mWv Akp-c -·msc ]cm-P-b -s¸-Sp-¯ n-b -sX¶pw
Ztl-bw, bZnZw ]rYn-hym-an-Xn.
`mhn-¨p.
Aán-bpsS KÀtÆmàn tI«n«p {_Òw H¶pw Adn-ªp-
2. Xss²jw hnPvÚu tXt`ym l
Iq-Sm-¯-X- h-s\-t¸mse ]dªp þ "\Ã-Xv. A§v Aán-tZ-h-
{]mZpÀ_-`qh
Xbpw PmX-th-Z\pw BW-tÃm. hfsc \Ã Imcyw. F¶mÂ
X¶ hyPm-\X InanZw b£-an-Xn. F\n¡p Nne-sXÃmw Adn-b-W-sa-¶p-­v. Zb-hp-sNbvXp ]d-
tZh- X-I-fpsS Al-¦m- cs¯ Icp- Wm-\n-[n-bmb `K-hm³ ªp-X-¶m sImÅmw.'. ""\n§-fn F´p iàn-bm-Wp-
a\-Ên-em-¡n. Cu Al¦mcw hf-cp-I-bm-sW-¦n Ah-cpsS ÅXv? \n§Äs¡´p sN¿m³ Ignbpw?'' CXn\v Aán-tZ-
]X\w XoÀ¨-bmbpw kw`-hn¡pw F¶ `à-Ie - ym-W-Im-cn- h³ KÀtÆm-Sp-IqSn adp-]Sn ]dªp þ F\n-s¡-´p-sN-¿p-
bmb `K-hm³ hnNm-cn-¨p. `à-h-Õ-e-\mb `K-hm\p `à- hm³ Ign-bp-sat¶m? CX-dn-bp-hm³ \n§-fm-{K-ln-¡p-¶p,
·m-cpsS ]X\w F§s\ kln- ¡p-hm³ Ignbpw? AXn-\m AsÃ? þ tl' Rm³ a\Êp hbv¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n Cu `qa-
`K-hm³ tZh-·m-cn Icp-W-bp-Å-h\ - mbn Ah-cpsS ZÀ¸w WvU-e-t¯bpw AXn-epÅ FÃm hkvXp-¡-tfbpw Icn¨p
ian-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n Ah-cpsS ap¼n Znhy-km-Im-c-b- Nm¼Â¡q-¼m-c-ambn amäp-hm³ Ign-bpw.
£- cq-]-¯n {]Xy-£-\m-bn. tZh-·mÀ BÝ-cy-N-In-X-cm-bn. 6. Xkvssa XrWw \nZ-[m-th-X-±-tl-Xn.
B AÛpX hnim-e-cq-]s¯ ImWp-Ibpw Cu Znhy-b£w XZp-] -t{]- b m-b -kÀÆ
F´v F¶p Nn´n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. F¶m AhÀ¡v
Pth-\, X¶ iimI ZKv[pw kXX Gh \nhr
AXns\ Xncn-¨-dn-bp-hm³ Ign-ªn-Ã.
tX, ss\X-Z-iIw hnÚmXpw btZ-XZv
3. tXána{_p-h-RvPm-Xt- hZ GXZv hnPm-\oln b£-an-X n.
InanZw b£-anXn XtY-Xn.
Aán-tZ-h-X-bpsS ho­p-apÅ KÀtÆm-àn-IÄ tI«-
tZh-· mÀ B AXn-hn-N n{X alm-Im-b-amb Znhy-b - t¸mÄ b£-cq-]-[m-cn-bmb ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c³ At±-l-
£s¯ I­n«v B´-cn-I-ambn `b-s¸-Sp-Ibpw AXns\ ¯nsâ ap¼n-tebv¡v Hcp DW-¡-¸pÃv C«p-sIm-Sp-¯p-
Adn-bp-¶-Xn\p hy{K-cm-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Aán-tZ- sIm­p ]dªp þ ""At§bv¡v FÃm-¯n-t\bpw Zln-¸n-
hX ]c-a-tX-P-kznbpw thZmÀ°-§- fpsS ÚmXmhpw FÃm ¡ p- h m³ Ign- b p- a - s Ãm. \nÊm- c - a mb Hcp _e- { ]-
PmX-]-ZmÀ°§-fp- tSbpw hnhc§Ä Adn-bp- ¶-h\pw kÀÆ- tbmKwsIm­v Cu XrWs¯ Pzen-¸n-¨m-epw.'' Aán-tZ-h³
Ú-cn kÀÆ-Ú\pw BWv. AXn-\m At±-l¯ - nsâ CXp X\n-s¡m-c-]- am-\-am-bn- ¡-cp- Xn-sb-¦nepw km[m-cW coXn-
]Z-hn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb \maw "PmX- th- Z³' F¶m-Ip-¶p. tZh- IÄ bn B ]pÃnsâ kao]w F¯n AXns\ `kva-am-¡p-¶-
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I Xn-\m-{K-ln-¨p. Bcw-`-¯n AXp `kva-am-Im-Xn-cp-¶-Xp-I­v X-s¶-btÃ? hfsc \à Imcyw. F¶m A§-bn F´pK
At±lw Xsâ kIe iànbpw hn\n-tbm-Kn-¨p. ]s£ iàn-bp­v? At§bv¡v F´p sN¿p-hm³ Ignbpw?
AXn\v Aev]w-t]mepw NqSv Gev]n-¡p-hm-\-t±-l-¯n\p Ign- F¶p ]dªp tIĸn-¨m sImÅmw. CXn\v hmbphpw
ªn-Ã. AsX-§s\ NqSp-]n-Sn¡pw? Aán-bn-epÅ Aán- Aán-tb-t¸mse ho­pw Al-¦m-c-t¯m-Sp-IqSn adp-]Sn
Xzhpw Zml-I-Xzhpw AXnsâ iàn-bpsS aqe-`W - vUm-Km-c- ]dªp þ ""Rm³ hnNm-cn-¨m Cu `qa-WvU-es¯bpw
amb ]c-am-ßm-hnÂ\n¶pw e`y-am-bn-«p-Å-Xm-W-sÃm. Ahn- AXn-epÅ kI-e-t¯bpw bmsXm-cm-[m-chpw IqSmsX
Sp¶v B iàn-t{km-X-Êns\ XS-bp-I-bm-sW-¦n ]ns¶ DbÀ¯p-Ibpw ]d-¯p-Ibpw sN¿mw.''
FhnsS \n¶p iàn-hcpw? Aán-tZ-h³ CsXm¶pw {Kln-
10. Xkvssa XrWw \nZ-[m-th-X-Zm-Z-tÕz-Xn. XZp-
¡msX ho¼n-f- ¡p-I-bm-bn-cp¶p sNbvX-Xv. F¶m {_Òw
]t{]bmb kÀÆ-P-th\ X¶ iim-Im-Zm-Xpw, k
Xsâ iànsb XS-ªp-Ig- n-ª-t¸mÄ Aán¡v Hcp DW-
XX Gh \nh-hr-tX, ss\XZiIw hnPvRmXpw
¡-¸p-Ãn-s\-t¸mepw Icn-¡p-hm³ km[n-¨n-Ã. At¸mÄ eÖ-
btZ-XZv b £an-Xn.
bm Ip\nª inc- Êp-ambn lX- {]-Ú\pw lX- {]- `- \p-ambn
Aán tZh-I-fpsS ASp-¡Â sN¶n«p ]d-ªp. ""B b£w hmbp-tZ-hsâ ho­p-apÅ KÀtÆm-àn-IÄ tI«v FÃm-
Bcm-sW¶v F\n-¡-dn-bp-hm³ Ign-ªn-Ã.'' ¯n\pw k¯mb iàn \ÂIn-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p¶ ]c-{_Ò
]c- ta-iz-c³ At±- l-¯nsâ ap³]nepw Hcp DW-¡-¸pÃv C«p-
7. AY hmbp-a-{_p-h³ hmb-th-XZv
sIm-Sp-¯p-sIm­p ]d-ªp. ""At§bv¡v FÃm-¯n-t\bpw
hnPm-\oln Inta
]d-¯n-¡-f-bp-hm³ Ign-bp-a-tÃm. Aev]w _ew {]tbm-Kn¨v
XZv b£-anXn XtY-Xn.
Cu DW-¡-¸p-Ãns\ Aev]w ]d-X-¯n-¡m-Wn-¨m \¶m-bn-
Aán-tZ-h³ ]cm-P-bs - ¸«p aS-§n-h-¶-t¸mÄ tZh-IÄ cp-¶p.'' hmbp-tZ-h\v Cu hm¡p-IÄ Xs¶ A]-am-\n-¡p-I-
Cu Imcy-km-²y-¯n-\mbn A{]-Xn-a-i-àn-bmb hmbp-`-K- bm-sW¶p tXm¶n. F¦nepw km[m-c-W-co-Xn-bn B
hms\ Xnc- sª-Sp- ¯n«v At±-l- t¯mSp ]d-ªp. ""AÃtbm ]pÃnsâ kao]w sN¶v AXns\ ]d-¯p-¶-Xn\v B{K-ln-
hmbp-tZh! A§p-t]mbn Cu b£w Bcm-sW-¶pÅ FÃm- ¨p. ]pÃp ]d- ¡m-Xn-cp- ¶-t¸mÄ Xsâ ]qÀ®-amb iàn hn\n-
hn-h-c-§fpw Adnªp h¶m-epw. ""hmbp `K-hm\pw Xsâ tbm-Kn¨p ]cn-{i-an-¨p-t\m¡n. F¶m kÀÆ-i-àn-am-\mb
_p²n-ssh-`-h-¯n Aan-X-amb Al-¦m-c-ap-­m-bn-cp-¶p. ]c-am-ßm-hn-\m iàn XS-b-s¸-«-Xp-Im-cWw hmbp-hn\v
AXn-\m At±lw ]dªp þ ""\à Imcyw. DS³ Xs¶ Aev] w-t]mepw AXp Nen-¸ n-¡ p-¶ -X n\p Ign- ª n-à .
Rm³ hnh-c-a-dn-bmw.'' hmbphpw Aán-sb-t¸mse Xs¶ lX-{]-`\ - m-bn, eÖ-
8. XZ-`y-{Z-hXv Xa-`y-h-ZXv tImkoXn. hmbpÀhm sIm­v apJw Xmgv¯ n, aäp tZh- X - I - f psS kao- ]-sa-¯n-bn«p
]d-ªp. ""Cu b£-am- cm-sW¶p a\- Ên-em- ¡p-hm³ F\n¡p
Al-a-kvao-Xy-{_-ho-· m-Xc - nizm hm
Ign-ªn-Ã.''
Al-a -k va o- Xn.
11. AtY-{µ-a-{_p-h ³ aL-h -t¶-X Zv hnPm-\ oln
hmbp-tZ-h³ Nn´n-¨p, ""Aán, Adn-bmsX FhnsSsb
Inta-XZv b£-an-Xn. XtYXn XZ-`y-{Z-h-Xv. XkvamXv
¦nepw t]mbn-cn-¡pw. AsÃ-¦n Cu b£s¯ a\-Ên-em-
XntcmZt[.
¡p-¶Xv A{X-h-enb kwK- Xn-bm-bn-cpt¶m? icn, Cu hnP-
b-¯nsâ am\yX F\n¡p Xs¶ e`n-¡pw.'' C§s\ Nn´n- Aán, hmbp apX-emb A{]-Xn-a-i-àn-Ifpw _p²n-k-
¨p-sIm­p b£- ¯nsâ kao- ]-sa- ¯n- t¨À¶p. At±-ls¯ ¼-¶-·m-cp-amb tZh-·mÀ Ak-^-e-cmbn aS-§n-h-cn-Ibpw
kao- ]¯p I­-t¸mÄ b£w tNmZn¨p þ ""Xm¦Ä BcmWv?'' bmsXmcp Imc-Whpw ]d-bm-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX -t¸mÄ
hmbp Xsâ KpW-Ku-ch - § tZh-X-IÄ Nn´n- ¨n«v tZh-cm- P-\mb C{µs\ Cu Imcy-¯nsâ
- -fpsS KÀtÆm-Sp-IqSn adp-]Sn
]dªp: ""Rm³ {]kn-²-\mb hmbp BIp-¶p, Fsâ ]Z- \nÀÆ-l -W -¯ n-\mbn sXcsªSp-¯p. AhÀ At±-l-
t¯mSp ]d-ªp þ ""AÃtbm alm-_-eh
hn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw cl-ky-]qÀ®-hp-amb t]cv amX-cnizm - m-\mb tZh-cmPm!
F¶m-W.v C\n A§v t]mbn Cu b£w Bcm-sW-¶pÅ kIe hnh-
c-§fpw Adnªp h¶m-epw. At§-b¡ v -ÃmsX aämÀ¡pw
kw_Ôw þ b£-c q-] n-b mb {_Òw hmbp-h n-t\mSp
Cu Imcy-¯n hnP-bw-h-cn-¡p-hm³ km[y-a-Ã.'' C{µ³ þ
tNmZn¨p þ
""hfsc \ÃXv'' F¶p ]dªv AXn-thKw b£- ¯nsâ kao-
9. Xkvanw-kvXzbn Inw hocy-anXn? A]oZw kÀÆ ]-t¯-bv¡p-t]m-bn. C{µ³ AhnsS F¯n-b-t¸m-tgbv¡pw
amZ-Zo-bw, bZnZw ]rYn-hym-an-Xn. b£w At±-l-¯nsâ ap¼n \n¶p ad-ªp-I- gn- ªn-cp-¶p.
C{µ-t\mSp aäp tZh-X-I-tfm-Sp-Å-Xnepw _lp-am-\-ap-­m-bn-
hmbp-hnsâ taÂ{]-Im-c-apÅ KÀtÆmàn tI«n«v {_Òw cp-¶-Xp-sIm­v At±-l-t¯mSp kwkm-cn-¡p-hm-\pÅ Ah-
Ct±- l- t¯mSpw AXp- t]m-se- Xs¶ H¶pw Adn-ªp- Iq-Sm¯ kcw t]mepw b£w sImSp-¯n-Ã. F¶m C{µ³ Cu
`mh-¯n ]d- ªp. sImÅmw, A§v hmbp-tZ-h-\m-WsÃm? Hcp tZmjw Hgn-¨m asäÃm hn[- ¯nepw {_Ò- Úm-\-¯n\v
A´-co-£-¯n B[m-c-an-ÃmsX k©-cn-¡p-¶-h³ A§p- A[n-Im-cn-bm-bn-cp-¶p. AXn-\m At±-l-¯n\p {_Ò-X-Xz-

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I Úm-t\m-]tZiw \evtI-­Xv Hcp Bh-iy-amWv F¶p Icp- am-\zn-Xcpw iàn-am-·m-cp-ambn `hn-¨pthm B ]cm-i-àn- K
Xn, AXn-\pÅ hyh-Ø-IÄ sN¿p-¶-Xn-\mbn At±lw bpsS aln-asb Adn-ªp-sIm-Åp-hn³. {_Ò-¯nsâ iàn-
kzbw A´À[m\w sNbvXp. bm-eÃ- m-sX, X§-fp-tS-Xmb kzX{´ iàn-bm Fs´-
¦nepw sN¿p-hm³ Ignbpw F¶p kz]v\-¯nÂt]mepw
12. k Xkv a n- t ¶- h mImti kv { Xnbam PKm- a -
Nn´n-¨p-t]m-I -c pXv! Dam-tZ-h n-b psS adp-] -Sn-bnÂ\n¶p
_plptim`am \mapamw ssla- h Xow Xmw
km£m ]c-{_-Ò-]-c- ta-iz- c³X-s¶- bm-bn-cp¶p X§- fpsS
tlmhmN Inta-XZv b£-an-Xn.
ap¶n b£-cq-]-¯n {]Xy£s¸-«-sX¶p tZh-·m-cnÂ
b£w A´À²m\w sNbvXp Ignªn«pw C{µ³ Ahn- {]Y-a-\mb C{µ\p a\-Ên-em-bn.
sS-¯s¶ \n¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Aán-tbtbm hmbp-hn-
2. XkvamZzm GtX tZhm AXn-X -c m-an-h m-\ ym-³
t\tbm t]mse Ahn- s S- \ n¶pw aS-§ n-t ¸m- I p- ¶ n-Ã .
tZhm³ bZKv\ nÀhm-b p-c n-{ µkv tX tly\-t ¶-
X£Ww b£w \n¶n-cp¶ AtX Øm\¯v AXy´w
ZnjvTw ]kv]ÀipkvtX tly\Xv {]Ytam hnZm-
tim`m-a-bn-bmb lnam-Ne Ipamcn Dam-tZhn {]Xy-£-s¸-«p.
©-Imc {_tÒ-Xn.
\n¡p-¶-Xmbn C{µ³ I­p. Dam-tZ-hnsb I­-t¸mÄ
C{µ³ tZhn-bpsS kao-]-t¯bv¡p sN¶p. C{µ-t\mSp Icp- tZh-X-I-fn Aán, hmbp, C{µ³ Chsc ]c-a-t{i-jvT-
W-tXm- ¶n, Icp-Wm- a-b-\mb ]c-{_Ò ]pcp- tjm- ¯-a³ Xs¶ ·m-cmbn IW-¡m-¡- Ww. F´p-sIm- s­- ¶m AhÀ aq¶p-
Dam-cq-]-¯n-epÅ km£m {_Ò-hn-Zysb {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp- t]cpw {_Òs¯ kv]Àin¨p Ign-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. ]c-{_Ò
¯n- b-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. C{µ³ `àn- ]p-c-Êcw Ah- tcmSp ]dªp ]c-am-ßm-hnâ ZÀi-\-¯n-tâbpw At±-ls¯ ]cn-Nb - -s¸-
""`K-hXn! A§v kÀÆÚ intcm-a-Wn-bmb Cuiz-c³ Sp-¶-Xn-\pÅ ]cn-{i-a-¯n apgp-In-bn-cp-¶-Xn³tdbpw At±-
{ioi¦csâ kzcq-]-i-àn-bm-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m FÃm kwK- l- t¯mSp hmÀ¯m-em]w sNbvXXntâbpw ]ca ku`mKyw
Xn-I-tfbpw XoÀ¨-bmbpw Adn-bp-hm³ Ign-bpw. A§p AhÀ¡p am{Xw e`y-am-bn. X§Ä bmsXm1-¶ns\ ZÀin-
Ir]m- ]qÀÆw Ft¶mSv Acp-fn- s¨- bX v m-epw. ""F\n¡v ZÀi\w ¨pthm bmsXm- ¶n- t\mSp hmÀ¯m- em]w \S- ¯ntbm bmsXm-
\ÂIn-bn«v A§v DS³ ad-ªp-t]mb B Znhy-b£w Bcm- ¶nsâ iàn-bm Xkp-cp-·m-cp-sS-ta hnPbw ssIh-cn-
sW¶pw F´p-t±-i-t¯m-Sp-IqSn {]Xy-£- s¸-«p-sh¶pw ]d- ¨pthm AXp-Xs¶ km£m ]c-{_-Ò] - -c-am-ßmhv F¶
b- tW.'' kXyw AhÀ BZyw {Kln-¨p.
NXpÀ°-JWvU w kmcmwisas´-¶m ku`m-Ky-im-en-If - mb alm-]p-cp-
j-·mÀ GsX-¦ nepw Imc-W-h-i m `K-h msâ Znhy-k-
1. km {_tÒXn tlmhm-N. {_ÒtWm hm GX ¼À¡w e`y-am-¡p-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ ZÀi-\w, kv]Ài-\w,
ZznPtb alo-b-[z-an-Xn, XtXm sslh hnZzm-©- At±-l-t¯mSp hmÀ¯m-em]w sN¿p-¶-Xn-\pÅ Ah-kcw
Imc {_tÒ-Xn. Ch-sbÃmw AhÀ¡p In«p-¶p. Cu a{´-¯n At±-l-
tZh- cm-Psâ tNmZy- ¯n-\p-¯-c-am- bn«v Dam- tZhn C{]- Imcw ¯nsâ alna C{µm-Zn-tZ-h-·m-cpsS DZm-l-c-Ww-sIm­p
adp-]Sn ]d-ªp. ""\n§Ä I­Xpw Ct¸mÄ A´À²m\w hyà-am- ¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶ p.
sNbvXX - p-amb B Znhy-b£w km£m ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta- kw_Ôw þ Cu aq¶p-tZ-h-X-If - n Aán-tbbpw hmbp-
iz-c³ Xs¶ Bbn-cp-¶p. \n§Ä Akp-c-·m-cpsS ta hn-t\bpw At]-£n¨p tZh-cm-P-\mb C{µ³ t{ijvT-\m-
hcn¨ hnPbw B {_Ò-¯nsâ iàn-sIm­p kw`-hn-¨- sW¶p ]d-bp¶p þ
Xm-b n-cp-¶p. AXm-bXv hmkvX -h-¯n AXv ]c-{_-Ò-
¯nsâ hnPbw Xs¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p. \n§Ä AXn-s\mcp 3. XkvamZv hm Ct{µmXnX-cm-an-hm-\ym³ tZhm³
ImcWw am{Xta Bbn- cp-¶p-Åq. \n§-fm-Is« {_Ò-¯nsâ k tly\-t¶-Znjv Tw ]kv] Ài, k tly\Xv
Cu hnP-bs¯ kz´w hnP-ba - mbn Icp-Xp-Ibpw AXnsâ {]Ytam hnZm-©-Imc {_tÒ-Xn.
aln-asb X§-fpsS aln-a-sb¶p Icp-Xp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Aán¡pw hmbp-hn\pw b£-cq-]-¯n {]Xy-£-s¸«
CXp \n§fp Zpcl¦mc-am-bn-cp-¶p. ]ca Imcp-Wn-I\ - mb {_Ò-¯nsâ ZÀi-\hpw hmÀ¯m-em] ku`m-Kyhpw In«n-
]c-am-ßmhv \n§-fp-sS-ta IcpW tXm¶n Akp-c- ·m-cp-sS- bn-cp-¶p. F¶m AhÀ¡v AXnsâ kzcq-]-Úm\w e`n-
ta \n§Ä¡p hnPbw \ÂIn. B ]c-am-ßm-hp-Xs¶ ¨n-Ã. `K-hXn Dam-tZ-hn-bnÂ\n¶v Gähpw BZyw C{µ\v
\n§-fpsS \·-b¡ v p-th­n \n§-fpsS Zpc-l-¦m-cs¯ ian- kÀÆ-i-àn-am-\mb ]c-{_-Ò-]p-cp-tjm-¯-asâ XXz-s¯-¸-
¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\p b£sâ cq]w [cn¨p {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-Ibpw än-bpÅ Úm\-ap-­m-bn. XZ-\-´cw C{µ³ ]d-ª-Xp-sIm-
Aán-bp-sSbpw hmbp-hn-tâbpw KÀÆw ian-¸n-¡p-Ibpw ­mWv AhÀ¡pw B Úm\w D­m-b-Xv. AXn\p tijw
AXp- t]mse \n§Ä¡p hmkvX- hn-I-Úm\w \ÂIp- ¶- Xn\v Ch-cnÂ\n¶pw aäpÅ tZh-IÄ B b£w km£m ]c-
Fs¶ t{]cn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m {_-Ò-]-c-ta-iz-c³ Xs¶- bm-bn-cp-¶p. F¶ kXyw a\-Ên-em-
\n§Ä kz´w hmkvX-hnI iàn-sb-¶pÅ Al-¦mcw ¡n. A§ns\ Hmtcm-cp-¯-cnÂ\n¶pw tI«p-tI-«mWv Hmtcm-
ssIsh-Snªv GsXmcp {_Ò- ¯nsâ aln- a-bnÂ\n¶p aln- cp-¯cpw bmYmÀ°yw a\-Ên-em-¡n-b-Xv. AhÀ¡p ]c-ta-

N P
 74
I iz-c-t\mSv kwkm-cn-¡p-¶-Xnt\m At±-l-¯nsâ XXzs¯
{Kln-¡p-¶-Xnt\m Ign-ªn-Ã. AXp-Im-cWw AJn-e-tZ-h-X-
I-fnepw Aánbpw hmbphpw C{µ\pw kÀÆt{ijvT-·m-
cmbn KWn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. ImcWw Cu aq¶p-t]À¡pw {_Ò-
ZÀi-\hpw XXz-Úm-\-]X v nbpw e`y-am-bn. F¶m Gähpw
BZyw C{µ³ At±-l-¯nsâ XXzs¯ {Kln-¨X - n-\mÂ
C{µ³ kÀÆ-t{i-jT v -\mbn am\n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ C\n apI-fn ]dª {_Ò-X-Xzs¯ B[n-
ssZ-hn-IZ- r-jSv m-´w-aqew a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p.
4. Xsskyj BtZtim btZ-XZv hnZyptXm hyZyp-
XZm CXo-¶y-ao-an-jZm CXy-[n-ssZ-h-Xw.
km[-Isâ lrZ-b-¯n {_Òw km£m-XvI-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-
¶-Xn-\pÅ Xo{hm-`n-emjw I¯n-Öz-en-¡pt¼mÄ `K-hm³
Ahsâ DXv¡- WT v sb H¶p-IqSn Xo{hhpw D¡-S-hp- am-¡p-
¶-Xn-\p-th­n hnZypXv {]Imiw t]msebpw I®p Nn½p-¶-
Xp-t]m-sebpw Xsâ kzcq-]¯ - nsâ £Wn-I-amb Hcp
ZÀi\w \ÂIn-bn«v Hfn-¨ p-I-f-bp-¶ p. ]qÀtÆm-à-amb
BJym-\-¯n C{]-Imcw Xs¶ C{µsâ ap¼n \n¶pw
Znhy-b-£- ¯nsâ A´À²m-\s¯ CXp kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p.
km[-Isâ I¬ap³]ntem AY- hm, lrZ-b-tZ-i- ¯ntem
BZy-ambn `K-hmsâ kmIm-ctam \ncm-Im-ctam Bb cq]-
ZÀi\w AsÃ- ¦n A\p-`hw D­m-Ip-t¼mÄ Ah³
B\µmÝcy-§-fm NIn-X-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. X¡m-c-W-
¯m Ahsâ lrZ-b-¯n Xsâ Bcm-²y-tZ-hs\ \nc-
´cw I­p-sIm- ­n-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\pw A\p-`- hn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-
¶-Xn\pw A\n-hm-cyhpw D¡-S-hp-amb A`n-emjw Dev]-
¶-am-Ip-¶p. ]ns¶ Ah\p £W-t\-c-t¯-¡p-t]mepw
CjvSkm£mXv¡mcw IqSmsX im´n e`n-¡p-¶n-Ã. Cu
kwKXn Xs¶ Cu a{´-¯n B[n-ssZ-hn-I-amb DZm-l-
cWw sIm­p hyà-am-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ C\n Cu kwKXn Xs¶ B²ym-ßnI `mh-
¯n shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p¶p þ
5. AYm-²ymßw btZ-X-ZvK-Ñ-Xoh N at\mt\\
ssNX-Zp-]-kva-c-Xy-`o£vW w k¦ev]x
bmsXmcp km[-I\p Xsâ a\Êv Bcm-²y-tZ-h-X-bmb
{io`-K-hmsâ kao]w hsc F¯n-t¨À¶-Xmbn A\p-`-h-s¸-
Sp-¶pthm Ah³ Xsâ a\-Ên¡qSn `K-hmsâ \nÀKp-
Wtam kKp-Wtam Bb GXp kzcq-]s¯ Nn´n-¡p-Ibpw
AXnsâ {]Xy-£m-\p-`qXn D­m-hp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm
At¸mÄ kzm`m-hn-Ia - m-bn-¯s¶ Ah³ AXn eo\-\m-
bn-¯o-cp-¶p. ]ns¶ Ah\p Xsâ CjvS-ssZ-h-¯nsâ
£W-t\- c-t¯- ¡p- t]m- ep- apÅ hnkvarXn kln- ¡p-hm³ Ign-
bp-¶-X-Ã. B kabw Ah³ AXy´w hymIp-eX - -tbmSp
IqSn-b-h- \m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah³ \ntXy-\, \nc-´-c-ambn t{]a-
]qÀÆw AXns\ kvacn-¡p-Ibpw kzlr-Z-b¯ - n Xsâ
CjvS-ssZ-hs¯ {]m]n-¡p- ¶-Xn\v A\n-hm-cyhpw D¡- S-hp-
amb A`n-e mjw DÅ-h -\ m-b n-¯ o-c p-I bpw sN¿p-¶ p.
N P
Ignª a{´-¯n B[n-ssZhnI ZrjvSn-tbm-Sp-IqSn ]d-b- K
s¸« Imcyw Xs¶ CXn B²ym-ßnI ZrjvSn-bn ]d-b-
s¸- «n-cn-¡p-¶ p.
kw_Ôw þ C\n B {_Ò- ¯nsâ D]m- k\m {]Im- c- §fpw
AXnsâ ^e-§fpw ]d-bp¶p:
6. X² XZz\w \ma XZz-\-an-Xyp-]m-kn-Xhyw k b
GXtZhw thZm-Zn-ssl\w kÀÆmWn `qXm\n
kw hmRvO-´n.
B\-µ-kz-cq-]-\mb ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c³ FÃm-hÀ¡pw
AXy´w {]nb-¦-c-\m- Ip- ¶p. FÃm Pohn- Ifpw Hmtcmtcm coXn-
bn At±-ls¯ B{K- ln-¡p-¶p. F¶m Xncn-¨-dn-bp-¶n-
Ã. AXp-Im-cWw kpJ-¯nsâ cq]-¯n At±-ls¯
At\z-jn-¨p-sIm-WavSv ZpxJ-kz-cq-]-§-fmb hnj-b-§-fnÂ
Ae-ªp-Xn-cn-ªp-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. At±-ls¯ {]m]n-¡p-
hm³ Ign-bp-¶n-Ã. Cu clkyw a\-Ên-em¡n km[-I³ B
]c-{_-Ò-]c- -am-ßm-hns\ Poh\p Xpeyw {]nb-am-bn-¡-cpXn
AXns\ þ \nXyhpw AN-ehpw Aa-ehpw A\-´hpw Bb
]c-am-\µ kzcq-]s¯ þ Nn´n¨p Ign-bW - w. C{]-Imcw
sNbvXp- sNbvXv B\µ kzcq- ]- \mb ]c-am- ßm-hnsâ km£m-
Xv¡mcw {]m]n- ¡p-t¼mÄ Ah³ kzbw B\- µ- a- b-\m- bn-¯o-
cp-¶p. AXm-bXv PK-¯nse FÃm {]mWn-Ifpw Ahs\
X§-fpsS Bßo-b-am-bn-¡-cpXn Ahs\ lrZ-bw-K-a-ambn
kvt\ln-¡m³ XpS-§p-¶p.
7. D]-\n-jZw t`m {_qlo-X yp-à mX D]-\n-jZv
{_mÒow hmh X D]-\n-j-Z-{_qta-Xn.
Kpcp-tZ-h- \n \n¶pw kmt¦-XnI `mj-bn {_Ò-hnZym
kw_-Ôn-bmb t{ijvtTm-]-tZ-i-§Ä {ihn-¨n«pw injy\v
AXp ]qÀ®-cq-]¯ - n lrZn-Ø-am-¡p-hm³ Ign-ªn-Ã.
AXn-\m Ah³ C{]-Imcw {]mÀ°n-¨p. ""`K-h mt\!
F\n¡v D]-\n-jZv cl-ky-a-bn-bmb {_Ò-hnZy D]-tZ-in-¨p-
X-¶m-epw.'' AXn\p Kpcp-tZ-h³ ]d-ªp, ""hÕ! \mw
\n\¡p {_Ò-hnZy D]-tZ-in¨p X¶pI-gn-ªp. \nsâ tNmZy-
¯nsâ D¯-c-ambn "t{im{Xky t{im{Xw' apXÂ XpS§n
apI-fn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶ a{´-§Ä hsc bmsXm-¶p-]-tZ-
in-¨n-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXp \o ZrV-ambn {Kln-¨p-sIm-Åp-I.
AXp \nÝ-b -ambpw cl-ky-a-bn-bmb {_Ò-h n-Zy-bpsS
D]tZiw Xs¶- bm-Ip-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ {_Ò-hn-Zy-bpsS {ih-W-am-{X- bn¯s¶
{_Ò-kz-cq-]-¯nsâ clkyw a\-Ên-em-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-
¶n-Ã. AXn\p {]tXyI km[-\-I-fpsS Bhiyw D­m-Ip-
¶p. AXn-\m C\n B {][m\ km[-\- Isf hÀ®n-¡p¶pþ
8. Xssky Xt]m Za: IÀt½Xn {]XnjvTm thZm:
kÀÆmwKm\n kXy-am-b-X -\w.
hmbn¨p ]Tn-¨v, Dcp-hn«v {_Ò-Úm-\n-bm-bn-¯oÀ¶p;
CXv {_Ò-hn-Zysb ]cn-lk - n-¡epw kzbw h©-\b - n-e-I-
s¸-S-ep-am-Ip-¶p. {_Ò-hn-Zy-bm-Ip¶ {]mkm-Z-¯nsâ ASn-
¯d þ Xm]w, Zaw, IÀ½w apX-emb km[-\-If - m-Ip-¶p. Ch-
 75

I bpsS ta cl-ky-a-bn-bmb {_Ò-hnZy A[n-jvTn-X-am-bn- apI-fn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶ {]Im-c-¯n bmsXm-cp-¯³ K

cn-¡pw. bmsXmcp km[-I³ kz[À½-]c - n-]m-e-\¯
- n-\p- D]-\n-jZv cq]-amb {_Ò-hn-Zy-bpsS cl-ky-s¯ {Kln-¡p-
th­n AXn-I-Tn-\-§-fmb IjvS-X-Isf klÀjw kzmKXw ¶pthm AXm-bXp XZ\pk-c-W-amb km[-\-I-fn hym]r-
sN¿n-¶n-Ã-tbm, bmsXm-cp-¯³ a\-Ên-t\bpw C{µn-b§ - - X- \m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ kakvX ]m]§sf ]c-am-ß-
tfbpw \¶mbn kzm[o- \n- s¸-Sp-¯p- ¶n- Ã- tbm, bmsXm-cp- ¯³ km£mXv¡m-c- ¯n\v {]Xn-_-Ô-§-fmbn \n¡p¶ kIe
\njvIm- a- `m-h-t¯m-Sp- IqSn A\m- k- à- \mbn hÀ®m{ia-[À½- ip`m-ip` IÀ½-§-tfbpw \ntÈjw \in-¸n¨v \nXyhpw
§sf A\p-jvTn-¡ p-¶n- Ãtbm Ah\p {_Ò-hn-Zy-b psS kÀÆ-t{i-jvT-hp-amb ]c-a-[m-a-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿pw. Hcn-
bYmÀ°-c-lkyw Adn-bp-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶nÃ; F´p-sIm- ¡epw Ah\v AhnsS \n¶p aS-t§-­-Xmbn hcp-¶n-Ã.
s­-¶m Ahsb {Kln- ¡p¶Xn\pÅ {][m\ B[m- c- §Ä Ah³ Fs¶-t¶-b¡ v p-ambn AhnsS {]Xn-jT
v n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p.
Ch-bm-Ip-¶p. Iq«-¯n thZw B {_Ò-hn-Zy-bpsS FÃm ChnsS "{]Xn-jT v Xn' F¶ ]Z- ¯nsâ ]p\-cp-¨m-cWw {KÙ-
AwK-§- fp-am-sW¶pw Adn-ªn- cn-¡-Ww. thZ-¯n¯-s¶- k-am-]vXn-bpsS kqN\ Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. AtXm-sSm¸w D]-
bm-Ip-¶p, {_Ò-hn-Zy-bpsS AwK-{]-Xyw-K-§-fpsS hymJym- tZ-i-¯nsâ \nÝn-X- Xz-t¯bpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p.
\w. AXp- sIm­p thZs¯ AXn- hn-i-Z-amb coXn- bn A²y-
b\w sN¿p-Ibpw kXy-kz-cq-]- ]-c-ta-iz-c³ AXm-bXv {XnIm-
e-_m-[n-X-\mb k¨n-Zm-\-µ-L\ ]ctaiz-c³, B {_Ò-hn- im´n- ] mTw
Zy-bpsS ]c-a-amb A[n-jvTm-\hpw B{i-b-a-Øm-\-hpw, ]c-
a-e-£yhpw BIp-¶p. AXn-\m B {_Òs¯ e£y- Hmw B]ym-b´p aam-MvKm\n hmIv {]mW-Ý£px
am¡n bmsXm-cp-¯³ thZm-\p-k-c-W-ambn X]w, Zaw, t{im{X-atYm _e-an-{µn-bmWn N kÀÆm-Wn, kÀÆw
\njvIm-a-IÀ½w CXp-IÄ sN¿p-¶pthm Ah\p am{Xta {_Òu ]\n-jZw amlw {_Ò \ncmIpcymw am aw
{_Ò-hn-Zy-bpsS kÀÆ-kz-amb ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-as\ {_Ò-\n-cm-I-tcm-Xv, A\n-cm-I-c-W-a-kvXz-\n-cm-I-cWw
{]m]n-¡p-hm³ km²y-am-Ip-I-bp-Åq. takvXp. XZm- ß \n \nc tX b D ]- \ n- j Õp
[À½mkvtX abn k´p tX abn k´p.
9. tbm hm GXm-tahw thZm-]-lXy
Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
]m]vam-\ -a-\ t´
kzÀtK temtI tPytb {]Xn-Xn-jvTXn (CXnsâ AÀ°w Cu D]-\n-j-¯nsâ Bcw-`-¯nÂ
{]Xn-X n-j vT -X n. sImSp-¯n-«p-­ v.)

1 apÞtIm]-\n-j¯v 3

Cu D]-\ n-j¯v AYÀÆ-th-Z¯

- nse iu\-I o-im-J- kzkvXn \kvXmÀt£ym Acn-jvS-t\anx
bnÂs¸-«-Xm- W.v kzkvXn t\m _rl-kvX-]nÀZ-[m-Xp.
Hmw im´nx ! im´nx ! im´nx !!!
im´n- ] mTw
Hmw `{Zw IÀt®`nx {iWp-bma tZhm `{Zw Kpcp-Ip-e-¯n A²y-b\w \S-¯p¶ injy³ kz´w
]tiyam£- `n-Àb-P{Xmx Kpcp, kl-]m-Tn-IÄ am\-h-k-ap-Zmbw F¶n-h-cpsS \·sb
Nn´n- ¨p-sIm­p tZh- I- tfmSp {]mÀ°n-¡p- ¶p. AÃtbm tZh-
Ønssc-c-MvssK-k vXp-j vSphmw kkvX-\q-
K-W-§-tf, R§Ä kz´w ImXp-If - n¡qSn awK-f-I-c-§-
`nÀhytia tZh-lnXw bZmbpx
fmb hN-\§ - Ä tIÄ¡-tW. \nµ, apJ-kX v p-Xn, AkXyw
kzkvXn \ Ct{µm hr²-{ihmx kzkvXn \x AYhm aäp ]m]-I-c-§-fmb Imcy-§Ä F¶nh R§-fpsS
]pjm hniz-thZmx IÀ®-§-fn ]Xn-¡msX R§-fpsS kz´w PohnXw bmK-

N P
 76

I ]-cm-b-W-ambn `hn-¡-tW. R§Ä kZm `K-hmsâ Bcm-[- "]c' hpw "A]-chp' amb c­p kzcq-]-§-fp-tSbpw ]qÀ®- K
\-b n hym]r-X -c m-b n-c n-¡ -W -ta. IÀ®-§ ÄsIm­p amb Úm\w e`n-¨pthm AXns\ {_Ò-hn-Zy-sb¶p ]d-bp-
tIÄ¡pI am{X-a-ÃmsX t\{X-§ÄsIm­p kZm awKfw ¶p. CXv FÃm hnZy-I-fp-tSbpw B{i-ba
- m-Ip-¶p.
ZÀin-¡p-Ibpw sN¿-W-ta. GsX-¦nepw Aaw-K-e-Im-cntbm
2. AYÀÆtW bmw {]h-tZX {_Òmþ
AYhm \mi-¯n- tebv¡p \o§n-s¡m-­n-cn¡p¶tXm Bb
ImgvN-I-fn-te¡v R§-fpsS ZrjvSn-IÄ Hcn-¡epw BIÀjn- YÀhm Xmw ]ptcm-hm-Nm-MvKntc {_Ò-hnZymw
¡-s¸-Sm-Xn-cn-¡-tW. R§-fpsS ico-chpw Hmtcmtcm Ah- k `mc-Zzm-Pmb kXy-h-lmb
b-h-§fpw kpZr-Vhpw kp]p-jvShpw Bbn-¯ o-c-tW. {]ml `mc-Zzm-tPmMvKnctk ]cm-h-cmw.
AXpw `K-hms\ kvXpXn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n am{X-am-tI-W-ta.
AYÀÆ alÀjn¡p {_Òm-hnÂ\n¶p e`y-amb {_Ò-
R§-fpsS BbpÊv t`mK-hn-emk§fnepw {]am-Z-§-fnepw
hn-Zysb At±lw AwKnc Êpa-lÀjn¡p ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-
IqSn IS¶p t]mIm- Xn-cn-¡-tW. `K-hXv Imcy-§- fn {]tbm-
¯p. AwKn-c-Êp-a-lÀjn `c-Zzm-P-tKm-{X- ¯n ]nd¶ kXy-
P-\-s¸-Sp-¶-Xn-\p-th-­n-bpÅ BbpÊv R§Ä¡p e`n-¡-
h-l³ F¶p t]cpÅ alÀjn¡p ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¯p. `mc-
tW. (tZ-h-IÄ R§-fpsS FÃm C{µn-b-§-fnepw {]th-in¨v
Zzm-P-a-lÀjn ]mc-¼-cy-ambn \ne-\n-¶n-cp¶ {_Ò-¯nsâ
Ahsb kwc-£n-¡p-Ibpw \bn-¡ p-I bpw sN¿p-¶p.
]c, A]- c- kz- cq-]-¯nsâ Úm\w ]IÀ¶p-sIm- Sp-¡p¶ Cu
AhÀ¡-\p-Iq-ea - mbn hÀ¯n- ¡p-¶-Xp-sIm­v R§-fpsS
{_Ò-hn-tZym-]t- Ziw alÀjn AwKn-c-Ên\p \ÂIn.
C{µn-b§- Ä¡p kpK-a-ambn k·mÀ¤-¯nÂIqSn Nen-¡p-
hm³ Ign-bp-¶p. AXn-\m Ah-tcmSpw {]mÀ°n-¡p-¶Xv 3. iu\tIm l ssh alm-imtem MvKnckw hn[n-
DNn-X-am-Ip-¶p) FÃm-Zn-¡nepw IoÀ¯n- ]-c-¶n- «pÅ tZh-cm- h- Z p- ] - k ¶ x ] {] - Ñ . Ik van¶ p ` Kthm
P³ C{µ³, kÀÆ-Ú-\mb ]qjm, Acn-jSv -\n-hm-c-I-\mb hnÚmtX kÀÆ-anZw hnÚmXw `h-Xo-Xn.
XmÀ£y³ (K-cp-U³) _p²n-cm-Pm-hmb _rl-k] v Xn þ Cu
iu\-I³ F¶ t]cn {]kn- ²- \mb Hcp alÀjn D­m-
FÃm tZh-X-Ifpw `K-hmsâ Znhy-hn-`q-Xn-If - m-Ip-¶p. ChÀ
bn- cp-¶p. At±lw Hcp henb hniz-hn-Zym-e- b-¯nsâ Øm]-
kZm R§Ä¡v awKfw hÀ²n-¸n-¡-tW. Ch-cpsS Ir]-
I\pw Bbn-cp-¶p. ]pcm-W-a-\p-k-cn¨v At±-l-¯nsâ Ejn-
bm R§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bpÅ FÃm Poh-Pm-e -§Ä¡pw
Ip-e-¯n F¬]-s¯- ®m-bncw alÀjn- amÀ hkn-¨n-cp-¶p.
awKfw D­m-bn-s¡m-­n-cn-¡-tW. B²ym-ßn-Ihpw B[n-
At±lw D]-cypà {_Ò-hnZy ]Tn-¡p-¶-Xn-\mbn imkv{X-
ssZ-hn-I-hpw, B[n-`u-Xn-I-hp-ambn FÃm Xm]-§Ä¡pw
hn-[n-b-\p-k- cn¨p Ic-§-fn kan¯v FSp- ¯p-sIm­v `àn-
im´n-bp-­m-¡tW!
]qÀÆw alÀjn AwKn-c-Ênsâ ASp-¡Â h¶p. At±lw
AXy´w hn\-b-]qÀÆw alÀjn-tbmSp tNmZn-¨p. "`K-h³,
{]Y- a- ap-W vU Iw
bmsXm¶p \¶mbn Xncn-¨-dn-ª-Xn-\p-tijw ImWp-¶Xpw
{]Y-a-J Wv Uw tIÄ¡p-¶Xpw A\p-am-\n-¡p-¶X - p-amb FÃmw Xncn-¨-dn-bp-
1. Hmw {_Òm tZhm\mw {]Y-ax-kw-_`- qh ¶-Xn\p Ign-bp-t¶m, B ]c-a-XXzw F´m-Ip¶p? AXns\
F§s\ Xncn-¨d- n-bp-hm³ Ignbpw F¶p Zb-hmbn Acp-fn-
hnizky IÀ¯m `ph-\ky tKm]vXm
s¨- bX v mepw!
k {_Ò-hnZymw kÀÆ-hn-Zym-{]-Xn-jvTmþ
4. Xkvssa k tlmhm-N. tZz hntZy thZn-Xthy
aYÀhmb tPyjvT-]p-{Xmb {]ml.
CXn l kva bZv{_-Ò-hntZm hZ´n ]cm ssNhm
("Hmw' Cu ]c-ta-izc \mas¯ kvacn-¨p-sIm­v D]-\n- ]cm-N.
j-¯m-cw-`n-¡p-¶p. CXp-h-gn-bmbn Hmtcm Imcyhpw Bcw-`n-
C{]-Imcw alÀjn iu\-Isâ tNmZy-¯n\v alÀjn
¡p-t¼mÄ a\p-jy³ Cuiz-cs\ kvacn-¡p-Ibpw At±-l-
AwKn-cÊv ]dªp þ ""iu\-I, {_Òs¯ {Kln-¨n-«pÅ
¯nsâ \mtam-¨m-cWw Ahiyw sN¿p-Ibpw thW-sa¶p
alÀjn-amÀ ]d-bp-¶Xv a\p-jyÀ¡p-th­n Adn-bp-¶-Xn\v
kqNn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp- ¶p.)
c­p-hn-Zy-IÄ D­v F¶m-W.v H¶ ]c, aäXv A]-c.
kÀÆ iàn- am-\mb ]c- {_Ò ]c-ta- iz-c-\nÂ\n¶pw tZh-
5. X{Xm-] cm EtKztZm bPpÀthZx kma-thtZm
I-fn {][m-\n-bmb {_Òmhv DÛ-hn-¨p. ]n¶oSv Ct±lw
YÀh thZx in£m Iev t ]m hymI- c Ww
Xs¶ FÃm tZh-I- tfbpw alÀjn- am-tcbpw acoNn apX-emb
\ncpàw Otµm tPymXn jan-Xn. AY ]cm bbm
{]Pm-]-Xn-I-tfbpw krjvSn-¨p. AtXm-Sp-IqSn kakvX temI-
XZ-£ -c a-[n-K-ay-tX.
§-tfbpw krjvSn¨v AXnsâ c£-bv¡p-th­n kpZr-V-
amb \nb-a-§Ä apX-em-bh - bpw \nÀ½n-¨p. At±-l¯- nsâ B c­p hnZy-I-fn bmsXm-¶p-hgn Cu temI-¯n-
Gähpw aq¯-]p-{X³ AYÀÆ alÀjn-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Gähpw tebpw ]c-tem-I-¯n-tebpw t`mK-§-fp-tSbpw Ah-bp-sS
BZyw {_Òmhv {_Ò-hnZy D]-tZ-in-¨p-sIm-Sp-¯Xv At±-l- {]m]vXn- ¡Å km[-\IfptSbpw Úm\w e`y- am-Ip-¶p-thm,
¯n- \m-bn-cp-¶p. bmsXm-cp-hn-Zy-bnÂ\n¶pw {_Ò-¯nsâ bmsXm-¶n t`mK-§-fpsS ØnXn, t`mK-§sf A\p-`-hn-

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 77

I ¡p-¶-Xn\pÅ {]Im-c-§Ä, t`mK-h-kvXp-¡-fpsS cN-\, ssIbv apX-emb IÀt½-{µn-b§ - fpw CÃm-¯-h\- m-Ip-¶p. K
Ahsb D]-e-_v[-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ ]e-hn-[-km-[-\-IÄ AXp-t]mse At±lw AXn-kq-£vahpw hym]-Ihpw A´-
FÃmw AS-§n-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXv A]-c-hn-Zy-bm-Ip¶p; cm-ß-cq-]-t¯m-Sp-IqSn FÃm-¯nepw hym]n¨pw Hcn-¡epw
EtKz-Zw, bPpÀth-Zw, kma-th-Zw, AYÀÆ-thZw Cu \mep \miw kw`-hn-¡m-¯-h\pw kÀÆYm \nXy\pw BIp-¶p.
thZ-§-fn \m\m hn[-¯n-epÅ bmK-hn-Zy- Ifpw Ah-bpsS FÃm Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw B ]c-a-Im-c-Ws\ Úm\n-IÄ
^e-§fpw hnkvXm-c-]qÀÆw hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. PK-¯nse kÀÆ{X ]cn-]qÀ®-ambn ImWp-¶p.
FÃm hkvXp-¡-fp-tSbpw hnj-b-§-fp-tSbpw hÀ®\w thZ-
kw_Ôw þ PK-Zm-ßm-hmb ]c-ta-iz-c³ kakvX krjvSn-
§-fn \Ã-Xp-t]mse sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶p. C¡m-e¯v thZ-
I- fp- tSbpw ]c-a- Im-c- W³ BIp-¶sX§s\? k¼qÀ®-amb
¯nsâ FÃm imJ-Ifpw e`y-am-Ip-¶n-Ã. AXn hÀ®n-¨n-
Cu {]]©w At±-l-¯n \n¶pw F§s\ DÛ-hn¨p? Cu
«pÅ hnhn[ hnÚm-\-I-c-§-fmb Imcy-§sf Adn-bm-hp-
Bi-bs¯ hyà-am-¡p¶p þ
¶- hcpw CsÃ- ¶p- ÅXp icn-bm-Ip-¶p. thZ-§- fpsS ]mZ- §Ä
AXm-bXv icn-bmb D¨-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ hn[n-Isf kw_- 7. btYmÀ®-\m`nx krPtX KrlvWtX N
Ôn¨ D]-tZ-i-§Ä ""in£'' BIp-¶p. bÚw, bmKw apX- bYm ]rYn-hym-tam-j-[bx kw`-h´n
em-b-h-b psS hn[n-IÄ ]d-b -s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶ hn`m-K s¯ bYm kXx ]pcp-jm-ß-tI-i-tem-am\n
"Iev]w' F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. sshZn-Ihpw euIn-Ihpw Bb
XYm-£-cmXv kw`-h-Xol hnizw.
i_vZ-§-fpsS A\p-im-k-\-¯nsâ þ {]Ir-Xn-{]-Xyb hn`m-
K-]qÀÆ-ambpÅ i_vZ-km-[-\-bpsS þ {]{In-b. i_vZmÀ°- ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c³ Xs¶ Cu PU-tN-X-\m-ß-I-amb
t_m-[-§-fpsS {]Imcw {]tbmKw apX-em-b-h-bpsS \nb-a- PK-¯nsâ \nan-¯hpw D]m-Zm-\-Im-c-W-hp-am-Ip¶p F¶v
§Ä kw_-Ôn¨ D]-tZ- i-§-fpsS \maw "hymI-cWw' F¶m- aq¶p ZrjvSm´§Ä hgn a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p. BZyw F«p-Im-
Ip-¶p. sshZn-I-i- _vZ-tIm-i-§-fn C¶ ]Zw C¶ hkvXp- en-bpsS ZrjvSm-´-¯nÂ\n¶pw Cu kwKXn ]d-bp- ¶p. F{]-
hns\ kqNn-¸n-¡p¶p F¶ kwKXn Imc-W-k-lnXw ]d-b- Imcw F«p-Imen Xsâ hb-än-\p-Ån-epÅ hesb shfn-bn-
s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶Xp "\ncpàw' F¶ hn`m-K-¯n-em-W.v sshZn- se-Sp¯p hncn-¡p-Ibpw ]ns¶ AXns\ hngp-§p-Ibpw
I-O -µÊ- p-I-fpsS PmXnbpw t`Zhpw ]d-bp¶ hnZysb sN¿p-¶pthm AtX- {]-Imcw Xs¶ Cu ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-
"Nµkv' F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. {Kl-§-fp-tSbpw \£-{X-§-fp- c³ Xsâ DÅn kq£va-cq-]t- ¯m-Sp-IqSn eo\-am-bn-cn-
tSbpw ØnXn-K-Xn-Ifpw Ah-tbmSp \½p-¡pÅ _Ô- ¡p¶ PU-tN-X-\m-cq-]-amb PK-¯ns\ krjvSn-bpsS Bcw-
§fpw F´m-Ip¶p F¶pw aäpw hnh-cn-¡p¶ hnZysb `-¯n \m\m-{]-Im-c-¯n krjvSn¨p hym]n-¸n-¡p-Ibpw
"tPymXnj' sa¶p ]d-bp-¶p. C{]-Imcw \mep thZ-§fpw {]f-b-Im-e-¯n ho­pw X¶n- te-bv¡p-Xs¶ ]n³h-en-¡p-
Bdp thZmw-K-§fpw þ Cu ]¯n-sâbpw \maw "A]cm' Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. c­m-as¯ DZm-l-c-Ww-sIm­pw Cu
hnZy F¶m- Ip- ¶p. bmsXm-¶p-h-gn- bmb ]c-{_Ò Ahn-\min Imcyw hyà-am-¡p-¶p. F{]-Imcw `qan-bn hnhn-[-§-fmb
]c-am-ßm-hnsâ XXz-Úm\w D­m-Ip-¶pthm AXv "]cm' [m\y-§Ä, XrWw, hr£w, eX apX-emb Huj-[n-I-fpsS
hnZy-bm-Ip-¶p. AXnsâ hÀ®-\I - epw thZ-§-fn Xs¶- _oP-§Ä ]Xn-¡p-¶pthm A{]-Imcw Xs¶- bpÅ `n¶-§-
bp-­v. AXn-\m A{Xbpw Awis¯ hn«n«v _m¡n FÃm fmb t`Z-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb Huj-[n-IÄ AhnsS apf-b¡ v p-¶p.
thZ-§fpw thZmw-K-§fpw A]-cm-hn-Zy-bn AS-§n-bn-cn- AXn `qan¡p bmsXmcp ]£-]m-Xhpw CÃ. AXp-t]m-se-
¡p-¶-Xmbn Icp-X- Ww. Xs¶ Pohn-I-fpsS hn`n-¶-§-fmb IÀ½-cq-]_ - o-P-§Ä¡-
\p-k-c-W-ambn `K-hm³ Ahsb hnhn[ tbm\n-I-fn DÛ-
kw_Ôw þ apI-fn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶ ]cm-hn-Zy-hgnbmbn
hn- ¸n-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m At±-l-¯n bmsXmcp {]Im-c- ¯n-
bmsXm- ¶nsâ Úm\w D­m-Ip- ¶pthm B Ahn- \m- in- bmb
ep-apÅ hnj-a-X-bp-tStbm \nÀ±- b- X-bp- tStbm tZmjw Btcm-
{_Òw F§-s\-bp-Å-XmWv? AXn-s\-¸än ]d-bp¶p þ
]n-¡p-hm³ km[y-a-Ã. aq¶m-aXp a\p-jy-i-co-c-¯nsâ DZm-
6. b¯-Z -t{Z- i y-a- {Km- l y-a- tKm- {X-a- h À®-a -N -£ px- l-c-W-¯nÂ\n¶pw C¡mcyw hyà-am-¡p-¶p. F{]-Imcw
t{im{Xw XZ-]m-Wn-]m-Zw. \nXyw hn`pw kÀÆ-KXw a\p-j ysâ Pohn-X -i -c o-c -¯ nÂ\n¶pw at\m-l - c -a mb
kpkq£vaw XZ-hybw bZv` q-X -tbm\nw ]cn-] - tIihpw tcma-§fpw \Jhpw kzb-ambn DÛ-hn-¡p-Ibpw
iy´n [ocm. hf-cp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm Ahs\ kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw
Cu a{´-¯n ]c-{_-Ò] - -c-ta-iz-csâ \ncm-Im-c-kz-cq- AXv bmsXm-¶n\pw {]tbm-P-\-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. AtX {]Imcw
]s¯ hÀ®n-¨n-cn- ¡p-¶p. B ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-ta- iz- c³ Úmt\- Xs¶ ]c-{_-Ò-]c - -ta-iz-c-\nÂ\n¶pw Cu {]]©w kzb-
{µnbw hgn Adn-b-s¸-Sp-hm³ Ign-bp-¶nÃ; IÀt½-{µnb§Ä ambn DÛ- h n- ¡ p- I bpw hnI-kn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p; CXn-
hgnbpw {Kln-¡-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. At±lw tKm{Xw apX-emb D]m- \p- t h­n `K- h m\v bmsXmcp {]b-X\ v hpw sNt¿-­-Xmbn
[n-If- n-Ãm-¯-h\pw {_mÒ-WmZn hÀ®-K-X-t`-Z-§tfm AXp- hcp- ¶ n- Ã .
t]mse \ndw, BIrXn Chtbm CÃm-¯-h\pw BIp-¶p. kw_Ôw þ C\n kwt£- ] -ambn {]]t©m¸¯n
At±lw I®v, sNhn apX- emb Úmt\-{µn-b-§fpw Imev, {Ias¯ hnh-cn-¡p-¶p.

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I 8. X]km NobtX {_Ò XtXm¶ a`n-Pm-btX ZznXo- b -J WvU w K

A¶m-Xv{]mtWm a\x kXyw temImx kw_Ôw þ BZy-J-WvU-¯nse \memw a{´- ¯n ]cm,
IÀ½-k p-N m-ar-X w. A]cm Cu c­p hnZy-Ifpw {Kmly-tbm-Ky-am-sW¶p ]d-
PK-¯nsâ krjvSn- Im-e-a-Sp-¯-t¸mÄ ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz- bp-¶p. C\n Cu JWvU-¯n AXnÂ\n¶v A]-cm-hn-Zy-
c³ Xsâ k¦ev]-cq-]-amb X]-ÊnÂ\n¶pw hfÀ¨ {]m]n- bpsS kzcq-] hpw ^ehpw ]d-ª n«v ]cm-hn-Zy-s b-¸ än
¡p- ¶p, AXm- bXv At±- l-¯n hnhn[ cq]- §-tfm-Sp-Iq- Snb PnÚmk Df- hm-¡p¶p þ
krjvSn-bpsS \nÀ½m-W-¯n-\pÅ k¦ev]w Db-cp-¶p. Pohn- 1. XtZ- X - Õ Xyw at{´jp IÀ½mWn Ihtbm
I- fpsS IÀ½m- \p- kr- X-ambn B ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯- a-\n bm\y-]iyw kvXm\n t{XXmbmw _lp[m kwX-
bmsXmcp kv^pcWw krjvSn-bpsS Bcw-`-¯n-ep-­m-bn-cp- Xm-\n. Xm\ym-N-cY \nbXw kXy-Imam Gj hx
¶pthm AXp-Xs¶ At±-l-¯nsâ X]w Bbn-cp-¶p. B ]Ùmx kpIr-X -ky-tem-tI.
kv^pcWw D­mb am{X-bn¯s¶ AXy´w kq£va-cq-
_p²n-am-·m-cmb alÀjn-IÄ bmsXmcp D¶-X n-bpsS
]-¯n-em-bn-cp¶ `K-hm³ AXns\ At]-£n¨p Øqe-am- km[-\m-`q-X-amb bmKmZn \m\m-hn-[-¯n-epÅ IÀ½- §sf
bn-¯o- cp-Ibpw At±lw krjvSn-IÀ¯m-hmb {_Òm-hnsâ thZ-a-{´- §-fn ]t­ I­n-cp-¶pthm B IÀ½-a-{´- §Ä
cq]w [cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. {_Òm-hnÂ\n¶pw FÃm E¡v, bPp-Êv, kmaw Cu aq¶p thZ-§-fnepw ]e-co-Xn-I-
PohnIfptSbpw D¸-¯nbpw hfÀ¨bpw kw`-hn-¸n-¡p¶ fn hnkvXm-c-]qÀÆw hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m {]Xy-
A¶w D¸- ¶-am- Ip-¶p. ]ns¶ A¶- ¯nÂ\n¶pw {ItaW £- amb D¶Xn B{K-ln- ¡p¶ Bfp- IÄ Ahsb icn-bmbn
{]mW³, a\-Ê,v Imcy-cq]§fmb BIm-imZn ]©a-lm-`q- {Kln¨v \nb-a-{]-Imcw B IÀ½-§sf A\p-jT v n¨psIm­n-
X-§Ä FÃm Pohn-Ifpw Ah- bpsS hmk-Øe§fpw, Ah- cn-¡-Ww. Cu a\pjy-i-co-c-¯n CXp-Xs¶ D¶-Xn-¡pÅ
bpsS hn`n-¶ IÀ½-§-fnÂ\n¶pw Ahbv¡v Ahiyw kw`- kpµ-c-amb amÀ¤w. Ae-k-X-bnepw {]am-Z-¯nepw t`mK-§-
hn-t¡­ kpJ-Zpx-J-cq-]-^-e-§fpw þ C§s\ Cu k¼qÀ f-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-Xnepw arK-§-sf-t¸mse Pohn-¡p- ¶Xv a\p-jy-
® PK¯v DÛ-hn-¡p-¶p. i-co-c- ¯n- \p-]b
- p-à-a-Ã.
kw_Ôw þ C\n ]c-ta-iz-csâ aln-asb hÀ®n-¨p- sIm­v ({]-[m\ cq]-¯n-epÅ thZ-§-fpsS F®w aq¶p-Xs¶
Cu {]I-c-Ws¯ D]-kw-l-cn-¡p-¶p. F¶v AwKo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. A§n-§mbn "thZ-{Xbn' apX-emb
\ma-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn EtKz-Zw, kma-th-Zw, bPpÀthZw F¶o
9. bx kÀÆÚx kÀÆ-hn-Zyky
aq¶n-sâbpw DtÃJ\w e`n-¡p-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ Øm\-
Úm\-abw X]x §-f n \mem-a s¯ AYÀÆ thZs¯ ta¸dª
Xkvam-tZ-X-Zv{_Ò \ma cq]-a¶w N Pmb-tX. aq¶nepw A´Àeo-\-am-sW¶p Icp-Xp-¶p.)
kw]qÀ® PK-¯nsâ Imc-W-`q-X-\mb B ]c-a-]p-cp-j- kw_Ôw þ thtZm-à-§-fmb At\Iw {]Im-c-§-fn-epÅ
]-c-ta-iz-cs\ km[m-cW cq]-¯nepw hnti-j-cq-]-¯nepw IÀ½-§-fnÂ\n¶pw {]tXyI e£- W- t¯m- Sp-Iq-Snb {][m\
FÃm-hcpw \¶m-bn-«-dn-bp-¶p. B ]c-{_-Ò-¯nsâ GI-am- Aán-tlm-{X- IÀ½s¯ hÀ®n-¡p-hm-\m-cw-`n-¡p-¶p.
{X- amb Úm\w- Xs¶ X]- am- Ip- ¶p. At±- l- ¯n\v km[m-cW
2. bZm teem-btX lyÀNnx kant²
a\p-jy-sc-t¸mse PK-¯ns\ krjvSn-¡ p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n
lhy-h m-l t\
IjvS-k-l-\c - q-]-amb X]-Ê-\p-jT
v n-t¡-­-Xmbn hcp-¶n-Ã.
XZm-Py-`m-Km-h-´-tc-Wm-lpXnx {]Xn-]m-Z-tb-Xv.
B kÀÆ-i-àn-am-\mb ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-csâ k¦-e] v -am-
{X-bn¯s¶ {]Xy-£- ambn ImW-s¸-Sp¶ Cu hncmSv cq]- A[n-Im-cn-I-fm-bn-«p-Å-hÀ \nXyhpw Aán-tlm{Xw \S-
amb PK¯v (A- Xns\ A]- c- {_Òw F¶p ]d-bp-¶p) kzbw ¯-Ww. tZh-IÄ¡v lhnÊv F¯n-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡p¶ Aán
{]I-S-am-Ip-Ibpw kakvX Pohn-Ifpw temI-§fpw Ah- b mK - t h - Z n - b n  \ n ¶ m bn I¯ n - P z - e n - ¡ p - t ¼ mÄ ,
bpsS \maw, cq]w, Blmcw apX-em-b-hbpw DÛ-hn-¡p- AXnÂ\n¶pw Pzme-IÄ Db-cp-t¼mÄ, BPy-`m-K-Øm\w
Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. hn«p a[y-¯n BlpXn kaÀ¸n-¡-Ww. Aán Bfn-¡-
¯p-¶-Xn\p apt¼m AXnÂ\n¶pw Pzme-IÄ Db-cp-¶-Xn-\p-
"Bsc Adn-bp-¶-XnÂ\n¶pw CsXÃmw {Kln-¡p-hm³ apt¼m AYhm I¯n-bX - n-\p-ti-jtam im´-am-b-Xn\p
Ign-bp¶p' F¶v iu\-Ia - -lÀjn tNmZn-¨n-cp-¶p. CXnsâ tijtam AXn BlpXn kaÀ¸n-¡p-hm³ ]mSnà F¶
D¯-c-ambn kakvX PK-¯nsâ ]c-a-Im-c-W-\mb ]c-am-ßm- Imcyw AXp-sIm­p hyà-am-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Aánsb \Ã-
hnÂ\n¶pw PK-¯nsâ DÂ]-¯n-hn-hc - Ww ]d-ªn«v Npcp- Xp-t]mse Pzen-¸n-¨n«v Aán-tlm{Xw \S-¯-Ww.
¡-¯n B kÀÆiàn-am\pw kÀÆ-Ú\pw FÃm-än-
kw_Ôw þ \nXyhpw Aán-tlm{Xw \S-¯p¶ a\p-jyÀ
sâbpw IÀ¯mhpw [À¯m-hp-amb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ Adn- ªp-
AtXm-Sp-IqSn Fs´Ãmw sN¿Ww F¶ hnj-bs¯¸än
I-gn-ªm FÃmw a\-Ên-em-Ip¶p F¶ Imcyw [cn-¸n-¨p.
]d-bp¶p þ

N P
 79

I 3. bkym-á n-tlm-{X-a-ZÀi-\-] uÀ®-am-kþ 5. GtXjp bÝ-ctX {`mP-am-t\jp K

aNm-XpÀ½m kya-\m-{K-b-W-a-Xn-Yn-hÀÖnXw N. bYm-Imew Nmlp-Xtbm lymZ-Zm-b³.
Alp-X-a-ssh-iz-tZ-h-a-hn-[ n\m lpXþ Xw \b-t´yXmx kqcyky civatbm
amk-]vX-amw-kvXky temIm³ ln\-kvXn. b{X tZh\mw ]Xn-tc-tIm[nhmkx.
\nXyhpw Aán-tlm{Xw \S-¯p¶ a\p-jy³ ZÀi-b- bmsXmcp km[- I³ ]qÀÆ-a-{´-¯n ]d-ªn-«pÅ Ggp-
Úhpw ]uÀ®-am-k-b-Úhpw sN¿m-X n-cn-¡p-¶pthm {]-Im-c-¯n- epÅ Pzmem-bp-à-am-bn, \¶mbn t{]mÖz-en-¨p-
AYhm NmXpÀ½m-ky-b-Úhpw \S-¯m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶ Aán-bn IrXy-k-abw imkv{X-hn-[n-b-
AXp-t]mse icZv hk-´pÀ¯p-¡-fn \S-¯- s¸-Sp¶ \ho- \p-k-cn¨p \nXyhpw Blp-Xn-\ÂIn Aán-bmKw \S-¯p-
\m-¶-¯nsâ (]p-Xp-[m-\y) bmK-cq-]-amb B{K-b-W-bÚw ¶pthm Ahs\ ac- W-Im- e- ¯n Xt¶mSp Iq«n- t¨À¯v Cu
\S-¯-s¸-Sm-Xn-cn- ¡p-¶pthm Ahsâ bÚ-im- e-bn AXn- Blp-Xn-IÄ kqcy-In-c-W-§-fm-bn, tZh-cm-Pm-hmb C{µsâ
Yn-IÄ bYm-hn[n k¡-cn-¡-s¸-Sm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AsÃ- temI-¯n F¯n- ¡p-¶p. Aán-tlm{Xw kzÀ¤-kp-J-{]m-
¦n Ah³ \nXyw Aán-bm-K-¯n IrXy-k-a-b¯pw ]vXn-¡pÅ Atam-L-amb D]m-b-am-sW¶p Xmev]-cyw.
imkv{X- hn-[n-b-\p-k-cn¨pw lh\w \S-¯m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm
kw_Ôw þ F{]-Imcw Cu Blp-Xn-IÄ kqcy-In-c-W-
AXp-t]mse _en sshiz-tZ-hI - À½w \S-¯m-X n-cn-¡p-
amÀ¤-ambn bP-am-\s\ C{µ-tem-I-¯n Iq«n-s¡m-­p-t]m-
¶pthm BsW-¦n B Aán-tlm{Xw \S-¯p¶p a\p-
Ip¶p þ A¡mcyw hnh-cn- ¡p-¶p.
jysâ k]vX-tem-I- §sf B AwK-lo- \-amb Aán- tlm{Xw
\in-¸n-¨p If-bp-¶p. AXm-bXv B bÚw aqew e`n-¡p- 6. Gtly-loXn Xam-lp-Xbx kphÀ¨kx
am-bn-cp¶ ]rYzn-temIw apXÂ kXy-temIw hsc-bpÅ kqcyky civan-`nÀb-P-am\w hl´n
temI-§-fnÂ\n¶p e`y-am-Ip¶ tbmKy t`mK-§Ä Ah- {]nbmw hmN-a-`n-h-Z -t´ymÀ¨b´y
\nÂ\n¶pw AXv X«n amän-¡-f-bp-¶p.
Gj hx ]pWyx kpIrtXm {_Ò-tem-Ix.
kw_Ôw þ Aán-bnÂ\n¶pw Pzme-IÄ \¶mbn Db-cp-
B {]Zo- ]vX-amb Pzme-I- fn AÀ¸n-¡-s¸« Blp-Xn- IÄ
t¼mÄ BlpXn kaÀ¸n-¡Ww F¶pÅ kwKXn aäp a{´-
kqcy-In-c-W-§-fpsS cq]-¯n ]cn-W-an¨v ac-W-Im-e-¯nÂ
§-fn ]dªp Ignªn-cn-¡p-¶p. C\n B Pzme-I-fpsS
B km[-I-t\mSp ]d-bp¶p þ ""hcp, hcp \nsâ k¡À½-
{]Imct`Z-§fpw \mahpw ]d-ªp-X-cp-¶p.
§-fpsS ^e-kz-cq-]-amb {_Ò-temIw AXm-bXv t`mK-cq-]-
4. Imeo Icmeo N at\m-P-hmN kp-J-§sf A\p-`h - n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ Øew kzÀ¤-tem-I-am-
kptem-lnXm bm N kp[q-{a-hÀ®m Ip¶p'' C§- s \- b pÅ {]nb-hm-¡p-IÄ IqsS-¡qsS ]d-ªp-
kv^penw-K\o hniz-cpNo N tZho sIm­v BZ- c - k ¡m- c-]qÀÆw Ahs\ kpcysâ Inc-W-
amÀ¤-§ -fn¡qSn sIm­p-t ]mbn kzÀ¤-tem-I -¯nÂ
teem-b-am\m CXn k]vX Pnlzmx.
F¯n-¡p-¶p. ChnsS kzÀ¤s¯ {_Ò-temIw F¶p ]d-
Imeoþ Idp¯ \nd-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-hÄ, Icm-eo-þ-A-Xyp-{K- bp- ¶-Xnâ Xmev]cyw kzÀ¤m-[n- ]-Xn- bmb C{µ\pw `K-hmsâ
amb (Aán _m[n-¡p-sa¶ `bw P\n-¸n-¡p-¶-hÄ), at\m- Xs¶ A]-c-kz-cq-]-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m {]Im-cm-´-tcW
Phm þ a\-Êp-t]mse AXy´w N©-e-am-b-hÄ, kptem-ln- {_Òw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p.
Xm-þ- kp-µc
- -amb Nph-t¸m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-hÄ, kp[p-{a-hÀ®m-þ- kp- kw_Ôw þ C\n kmwkm-cnI t`mK-§-tfm-SpÅ sshcm-
µ-c-amb ]pI-bpsS \nd-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bh - Ä, kv^penw-Kn\o Ky-¯m ]c-am-\-µ-kz-cq-]-\mb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ {]m]n-¡p-¶-
Xos¸m-cn-IÄ s]m«n-¨ n-dp-¶-hÄ, hniz-cp-No-tZhn FÃm Xn- \pÅ A`n- emjw Dev]-¶-am-Ip- ¶-Xn-\p-th­n ap³]-dª
Zn¡nepw {]Im-in-¡p-¶-hÄ þ C{]-Imcw Ggp coXn-bn-epÅ kzÀ¤-tem-I-¯nsâ km[-\m-cq-]-amb bÚmZn kIm-a-
Pzme-IÄ Aán-tZ-hsâ lhn-Êns\ {Kln-¡p-¶-Xn\v Cf-In- IÀ½hpw AXnsâ ^e-cq-]-amb euIn-Ihpw ]mc-eu-In-I-
s¡m-­n-cn-¡p¶ Ggp \mhp-IÄt]mse BIp-¶p. AXn- hp-amb t`mK-§-fpsS XpÑ-Xbpw ]d-ªp-X-cp¶p þ
\m Ft¸mÄ Aán-tZ-hX C{]-Imcw Blq-Xn-cq- ]-am-Ip¶
t`mP\w {Kln-¡p-¶-Xn\p X¿m-dm-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AtX 7. ¹hm tlytX AZrVm bÚ-cq]m
kabw Xs¶ t`mP-\-cq-]-amb BlpXn {]Zm\w sN¿-Ww. AjvSmZtimà-a-hcw tbjp IÀ½
AsÃ-¦n A{]-Ö z-e n-Xhpw AW-ª p-t]m-b -X p-amb GX-Ñvtdtbm tb`n\µ´n aqVm
Aán-bn \ÂI-s¸-Sp¶ BlpXn Nmc-t¯mSp IeÀ¶v Pcm-arXypw tX ]p\-tc-hm]n b´n.
\in-¨p-t]m-Ip-¶p.
Cu a{´-¯n bÚs¯ \uIm-cq-]¯ - nepw Ah-
kw_Ôw þ ta {]Imcw {]Zo-]X v -amb Aán-bn \nb-a- bpsS kwJy ]Xn-s\«v F¶pw ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. \nXy, ZÀi,
{]-Imcw {]Xn-Zn\w lh\w sN¿p-¶-Xp-sIm-­pÅ ^e-s¯- ]uÀ®-am-k, NXpÀam-k-t`-Z-§- tfm-Sp- IqSn bÚ- ¯n\p ]Xn-
¸än ]d-bp-¶p. s\«p {][m\ cq]- §Ä Ds­¶v A\p- am- \n- ¡- s¸- Sp- ¶p. Ah-

N P
 80
I bn D]m-k-\m-c-ln-X-amb kIm-a-IÀ½-§sf hÀ®n-¨n-cn-
¡p-¶p. C§s\ bÚ cq]-§-fm-Ip¶ ]Xn-s\«p \uI-
Ifpw Dd-¸ p-Å-X-s öp ]d-b-s ¸-Sp-¶p. Ch hgn-bmbn
kwkm-c-km-K-c-¯nsâ A¡c IS-¡pI km[y-a-Ã. Cu
temI-¯nsâ hÀ¯-am\ ZpxJ kzcq-]-am-Ip¶ Gähpw
sNdnb \Zn-tb-t¸mepw XcWw sNbvXv kzÀ¤w-h sc
F¯ptam F¶p-t]mepw ktµ-la - m-Wv. F´p-sIm-s­-
¶m aq¶m-as¯ a{´-¯nse hÀ®-\-b-\p-k-cn¨v GsX-
¦nepw AwK-¯nsâ Ipd-hp-­m-Ip-¶p F¦n km[-I\p
kzÀ¤-¯n F¯p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶-XÃ; CS-b¡ v p-sh-¨p-
Xs¶ NnX-dn-t¸m-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m CXv AZr-Vhpw AØn-
c-hp-am-Ip-¶p. Cu clkyw a\-Ên-em-¡msX aT-b-·m-cmb
Bfp-IÄ Cu kIm-a-IÀ½-§-sf-¯s¶ ]c-ta-iz-c-{]m-]vXn-
¡pÅ D]mbw F¶p IcpXn þ CXnsâ ^e-s¯-¯s¶
]c-a-kp-J-sa¶p IcpXn þ CXns\ kvXpXn-¨p-sIm­p Pohn-
¡p-¶p. AhÀ¡v ktµ-lc - -ln-X-ambn IqsS-¡q-sS-bpÅ
hr²m-h-Ø-tbbpw ac- W-Zpx-J-t¯bpw A\p-`h - n-t¡-­-
Xmbn hcp-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ AhÀ F{]-Imcw ZpxJa\p`-hn-¡p¶p? CXn\p
kv]jvSo-I-cWw \ÂIp¶p þ
8. Ahn-Zym-bm-a-´tc hÀ¯-am\mx
kzbw-[ocmx ]WvUnXw a\y-am\mx
PMvL\- y-am\mx ]cn-b´n aqVm
AtÔ-ss\h \ob-am\m bYmÔmx
AÔ\p hgn-Im-«n-bmbn AÔs\¯s¶ In«p-t¼mÄ
Ah-s \-§ s\ A`o-j vS -Ø - e -s ¯-¯ p-h m³ Ignbpw?
CSbv¡v Imep-ap-«nbpw apÅnepw N¸p-N-h-dnepw ImÂhgpXn
hoWpw ]md-If - nepw `n¯n- If
- nepw arK-§-fp-sS-taepw X«n-
ap«n \m\m hn[-§-fn-ep-apÅ IjvS-X-IÄ A\p-`-hn-t¡-­-
Xmbn h¶p-Iq-Sp-¶p-thm AXp-t]mse Xs¶ Cu aqV-·m-
cmb Bfp-Ifpw ]£n-ar-Km-Zn-I-fp-tSbpw IoS-§-fp-tSbpw
hnhn[ ZpxJ-]qÀ®-§-fmb tbm\n-I-fnepw AXp-t]mse \c-
Im-Zn-I-fnepw {]th-in¨v A\-´-P-·w-hsc A\-h[n IjvSm-
cn-jSv -X-IÄ A\p-`-hn-t¡-­- Xmbn hcp-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³
kzbw _p²n-am\pw hnZzm\pw F¶p \Sn-¡p-¶pthm hnZym-
_p- ²n-bpsS anYym-l-¦m-c-¯m imkv{X-t¯bpw alm- Úm-
\n-I-fpsS hN-\-§-tfbpw Aev]w-t]mepw hI-h-bv¡msX
Ahsb Ah-tl-fn-¡p-Ibpw {]Xy-£-§-fmb kpJ-t`m-K-
§sf A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-Xnepw Ah-bpsS D]mb `qX§fmb
Ahn-Zym-ab kIm-a-IÀ½-§-fn \nc-´cw apgpIn hkn-¡p-
Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm Pohn-X-¯nsâ Aaq-ey-amb ka-bs¯
hrYm \jvS-am-¡n-¡-f-bp-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ B Bfp-IÄ XpSÀ¨-bmbn ZpxJ-§-fn ]Xn-
¨p-sIm-­n-cp-¶n«pw F´p-sIm-­p-W-cp-¶nÃ? \·-bv¡p-
th­n F´p-sIm­p {]hÀ¯n- ¡p-¶nÃ? Cu B{K-ls¯
kw_-Ôn¨p ]d-bp¶p þ
N P
9. Ahn-Zymbmw _lp[m hÀ¯-am\m K
hbw IrXmÀYm CXn-`n-a-\y´n _memx
bXvIÀ½ntWm \ {]th-Z-b´n cmKmXv
tX\m-Xpcmx £oW-tem-Im-Ýy-h-t´.
]qÀÆ-a-{´- ¯n ]d-ªn-c n-¡ p¶ coXn-tbm-Sp-I qSn
bmsXm-cp- ¯³ Cl-tem-I-]-c- tem-I- t`mK {]m]vXn-¡p-th­n
kmwkm-cn-tIm-¶-Xn-bpsS km[-\m-cq-]-§-fmb kIm-a-IÀ½-
§- fn¯s¶ ]e- co- Xn-I- fn apgpIn hkn-¡p- ¶pthm Ahn-
Zy-bn apgp-In-¡-gn-bp¶ AÚm-\n-I-fmb B a\p-jyÀ
"R§Ä R§-fpsS IÀ¯-hy-§sf ]men¨p Ign-ªn-cn-
¡p¶p' F¶p Icp-Xp-¶p. B kmwkm-cnI IÀ½- §-fnÂ
apgp-In-bn-cn-¡p¶ Bfp-IÄ¡p t`mK-§-fn AXy´w
Bk-àn-bp-­m-Ip-¶p. CXp-Im-cWw AhÀ kmkm-cn-tIm-
¶-Xn-bn-te-¡-ÃmsX \·-bpsS t\tc ZrjvSn ]Xn-¸n-¡p-¶n-
Ã. ]c-am-\-µ-¯nsâ kap{Zw GtXm ]c-am-ßm-hm-sW¶pw
a\p-jy\v AXp {]m]n-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-sa-¶p-apÅ hnhcw
AhÀ¡v Adn-bp-hm³ Ign-bp-¶n-Ã. AXn-\m AhÀ ]c-
am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p-hm³ ]cn-{i-an- ¡msX kZm ZpxJn-X-
cmbn¯ocp-Ibpw ]pWy-IÀ½-§-fpsS ^ew Ah-km-\n¨p
Ign-bpt¼mÄ AhÀ kzÀ¤m-Zn-tem-I§ - -fn \n¶pw Xmsg
]Xn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ apI-fn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶ kwKXn H¶p-IqSn
kv]jvS-ambn ]d-bp¶p þ
10. CjvSm-]qÀt¯ a\y-am\m hcnjvTw
\m\y-Ñvtdtbm thZ-bt´ {]aqVmx
\mIky ]rjvtT tX kpIrtX \p`qtXzaw
temIw lo\-Xcw hm hni-´n.
AXy´w aqV-·mcpw t`mKm-k-à-cpamb B a\p-jyÀ
thZw, kvarXn apX-emb imkv{X-§-fn kmwkm-cnI kpJ-
{]m-]vXn-¡mbn F{X-am{Xw km[-\-I-tf-¸än ]d-ªn-«pt­m
Ahsb kÀÆ-t{ijvT Ieym-W-km[\I-fm-bn-¡-cp-Xp-¶p.
A Xn- \ m A h- b nÂ\n¶ pw `n¶ - a mbn A Xm- b Xv
]ctaizcsâ `P-\w, [ym\w, \njv¡ma`mh-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb
IÀ¯-hy-]m-e\ - w, ]c-a-]p-cp-j vXm-am-hns\ Adn-bp-¶-Xn-\p-
th­n Xo{hXtbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bpÅ {]hÀ¯\w apX-embn
F{Xtbm ]c-a-aw-K-f-{]-Z-§-fmb km[-\-I-fpt­m Ah-sb-
sbm¶pw AhÀ Adn-bp-t¶-bnÃ; B Ieym-W-km-[- \-I-fpsS
t\sc e£yta hbv¡p-¶n- Ã. AXn-\m AhÀ X§-fpsS
]pWy-IÀ½-§-fpsS ^e-kz-cq-]-§-fmb kzÀtÃm-Iw- hs - c-
bpÅ kpJ-§sf t`mKn-¨n«v ]pWy-¯nsâ £bw kw`-hn-
¡p¶ kabw ho­pw Cu a\p-jy-tem-I¯ - n-tebvt¡m
AYhm CXnepw tami-amb iqI-cI - q-Ic
- m-Zn-tbm-\n-I-fntem
AsÃ-¦n cuc-hmZn tLmc-\-c-I-§-fntem ]Xn-¡p-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ apI-fn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶ kmwkm-cnI t`mK-
§-tfmSp hnc-à-cmb a\p-jy-cpsS BNm-c-\-S-]-Sn-Ifpw Ah-
bpsS ^e-§fpw hÀ®n-¡p¶p þ
 81
I 11. X]x-{it² tb lyp]-h-k-´y-ctWy
im´m hnZzmwtkm ss`£y-]cymw Nc´x
kqcy-Zzm-tcW tX hncPmx {]bm´n
b{Xm-arXx k ]pcptjm lyhy-bm-ßm.
D]-cyp-à-amb t`mKm-kà - -cmb a\p-jy-cn \n¶pw
bmsXm-cp-¯³ `n¶-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm a\p- jy- i-co-c-¯nsâ
alXzw {Kln-¨n-«p-Å-Xp-Im-cWw bmsXm-cp-¯sâ A´x-I-
c-W-¯n ]c-am-ß-XXzw Adn-bp-¶-Xn\pw ]c-ta-iz-cs\
{]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw DÅ CÑ DWÀs¶-gp-t¶Â¡p-¶pthm
Ah³ Hcp ]t£ h\-¯n hkn-¡p¶ hm\-{]-Øt\m
im´- kz- `m-h- t¯m-Sp- Iq- Snb hnZzm\pw kZm- Nm- cn-bp-amb Krl-
Øt\m AYhm `n£-hm§n Pohn-¡p¶ {_Ò-Nm-cntbm
k¶ym-kntbm Bbns¡mÅs«, Ah³ \nc-´- c-amb X]-
Êp-sIm­pw `àn-sIm­pw tkh\w A\p-jT v n-¨p-sIm-­n-
cn- ¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv Ah-c- h-cpsS hÀ®hpw B{i-ahpw ]cn-
X-Ø n-Xnbpw A#p-k-cn¨v bmsXmcp kabw bmsXmcp
IÀ¯hyw D­m-I p-¶ pthm Ahsb imkv{X-¯ nsâ
BÚ-b-\p-k-cn¨p bmsXmcp hn[-amb A`n-em-j-§fpw
IqSmsX ]men-¨p-sIm­p Pohn-¡p-Ibpw kwb-a-\-t¯m-Sp-
IqSn ia-Z-am-Zn-km-[-\-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb k¼-¶-·m-cm-bn«v ]c-a-
`-àn-tbm-Sp-IqSn ]c-ta-iz-cs\ Adn-bp-¶-Xn\pw {]m]n-¡p-¶-
Xn\pw DÅ km[-\-I-fn hym]r-X-cmbn Pohn-¡p-¶p. AXp-
sIm­v Xtam- c- tPm- Kp-W-§-fpsS hnIm-c-§-fnÂ\n¶pw kÀÆ-
Ym-iq-\yhpw \nÀ½-e-hp-amb kXz-Kp-W- ¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p-
¶-Xp-amb kqcy-tem-I-¯n¡qSn Ah-cpsS ]c-a-{]m]y
Aar-X-kz-cq-]\pw \nXy\pw Ahn-\m-in-bp-amb ]c-a-]p-cpj
]pcp-tjm-¯-asâ \nhm-k-Ø-e-t¯bv¡p t]mIp-¶p.
kw_-Ô w-þ B ]c-{_-Ò-]c - -ta-iz-cs\ Adn-bp-¶ -Xn\pw
{]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pw-th­n a\p-jyÀ F´p-sN-¿Ww? AtX-
¸än hnh-cn-¡p¶p þ
12. ]co£y temIm³ IÀ½-Nn-Xm {_mÒtWm
\nÀth-Z-am-bm-¶m-kvXy-IrXx IrtX\
XZzn-Úm-\mÀ°w k Kpcp-ta-hm-`n-K-tOXv
kan-Xv]m-Wnx t{im{Xnbw {_Ò-\n-jvTw.
kz´w ku`mKyw Bin-¡p- ¶ a\p-jy³ BZyw ]d-ªn-
cn-¡p¶ IÀ½-§-fpsS ^e-kz-cq-]-amb Cu temI-¯n-
tebpw ]c-tem-I-¯n-tebpw ka-kX v -kpJ§tfbpw \Ã-Xp-
t]mse ]co-£n-¨n«v AXm-bXv hnth-I-]qÀÆw Ah-bpsS
A\n-Xy-Xbpw ZpxJ-kz-cq-]hpw {Kln¨v FÃm-hn-[-§-fn-ep-
apÅ t`mK§fnÂ\n¶pw kÀÆYm hnc-à-\m-bn-¯o-c-Ww.
IÀ¯m-hnsâ Al-¦m-c-]qÀÆ-amb kIm-a-`m-h-t¯m-Sp-IqSn
sN¿-s¸-Sp¶ IÀ½w A\nXy ^es¯ sN¿p-¶Xpw XYm
kzbw A\n-Xyhpw BIp-¶p. AXn-\m bmsXm-cp-¯³
{Inbm-km-[y- \-Ãm-Xn- cn-¡p-¶pthm A§-s\- bpÅ \nXy- ]-c- ta-
iz-cs\ AhÀ¡p {]m]n-¡phm³ km[n-¡p-¶n-Ã. CXp-hn-Nm-
cn¨v B PnÚmkp ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ hmkvX-hnI XXz-
N P
Úm\w {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n Ic-§-fn kan¯pw K
FSp¯v `àn-hn-\-b-`m-h-§-tfm-S p-IqSn thZ-c-l-ky-§sf
\¶m-bn-«-dn-bp-¶-h\pw ]c-am-ßm-hn ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-h-h-
\p-amb kZvKp-cp-hns\ icWw {]m]n-¡-Ww.
kw_Ôw þ apI-fn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶ e£-W-§-tfm-Sp-
Iq-Snb GsX-¦nepw injy³ Kpcp-hnsâ ASp-¡Â hcn-I-
bm-sW-¦n Kpcp F´p-sN-¿Ww? CXp-kw-_-Ôn¨p ]d-
bp¶p þ
13. Xkvssa k hnZzm-\p-]-k-¶mb kayIv
{]im-´-Nn-¯mb iam-\zn-Xm-b.
tb\m-£cw ]pcpjw thZ-kXyw
t{]mhmN Xmw X¯ztXm {_Ò-hn-Zymw.
thZ-Ú\pw {_Ò-\n-jT v - \p-amb B alm-ßmhv Xs¶
icWw {]m]n-¨n-cn-¡p¶ Nn¯w ]qÀ®-ambn im´hpw
\nÝn-´-hp-am-bn-¡-gn-ªn-cn-¡p¶ injy\v kmwkm-cn-I-
t`mK§fn XnI¨pw hnc-à-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶-X p-Im-c-Ww,
bmsXm-cp-¯sâ lrZ-b¯ - n bmsXm-cp-hn-[-amb Nn´-
Ifpw hymIp-eX - - Ifpw hnIm-c-§fpw Ah-ti-jn-¨n-«n-Ãtbm
bmsXm- cp-¯³ ia-Z-amZn km[-\m-k- ¼-¶- \m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm
bmsXm-cp-¯³ Xsâ a\-Ê,v _p²n, C{µn-b§ - Ä Chsb
\¶mbn \nb-{´n¨v kzm[o- \-am-¡n-bn-cn-¡p- ¶pthm B {_Ò-
hn-Zysb XXz-hn-th-N-\m-]qÀÆw a\-Ên-em¡n Ah\v D]-tZ-
in- ¨p-sIm-Sp- ¡- Ww. X¡m- cWw B injy\v \nXy\pw Ahn-
\m- in-bp- amb ]c-{_-Ò-]p-cp-tjm- ¯-asâ Úm\w {]m]n- ¡p-
hm³ Ign-bpw.
ZznXo-b -ap-W vU Iw
{]Y-a-J Wv Uw
kw_Ôw þ {]Y-a-ap-WvU-I¯ - nse ZznXo-b-J-WU v -¯nÂ
A]-c-hn-Zy-bpsS cq]hpw ^e-§fpw ]d-ªX - n-\p-tijw
AXnsâ XpÑ-Xsb ImWn-¨p-sIm­v AXnÂ\n¶p hnc-à-
cm-bn-cn-¡-W-sa¶ Imcyw ]d-ªn«v ]c-hnZy ]Tn-¡p-¶-Xn\v
kZvKp- cp-hns\ icWw {]m]n-¡-W-sa¶pw ]d-ªp. C\n ]c-
hn-Zysb hÀ®n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ {]I-cWw Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p.
1. XtZ-X-ÕXyw bYm kpZo-]vXm-Xv]m-h-ImZv
hnkv^p-enwKmx
kl-kvdix {]`-ht´ kcq]mx
XYm-£-cmZv hnhn[mx tkmay `mhmx
{]Pm-bt´ X{X ssNhm-]n-b-´n.
AwKn-c-Êp-a-lÀjn ]d- bp- ¶p. {]nb-s¸« iu\-Im, Rm³
\n§Ä¡v BZyta ]c-{_-Ò-]c - -ta-iz-csâ kzcq-]s¯
hÀ®n-¨p- sIm­p bmsXmcp clkyw ]d- ªp-X-¶n- cp-¶pthm
AXp kÀÆYm kXy-am-Ip-¶p. C\n AXn-s\¯s¶ ho­pw
{Kln-¸n-¡p-¶p. {i²m-]qÀÆw {ihn-¨p-sIm-Åp-I. F{]-Imcw
Bfn-¡-¯n-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p¶ Aán-bnÂ\n¶pw AXp-t]m-
 82

I se-Xs¶ cq]-hÀ®-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb Bbn-c-¡W

- -¡n\p
kv^penwK§Ä \mep-]mSpw NnX-dp-¶pthm AXp-t]m-se-
Xs¶ ]c-a-]p-cpj Ahn-\m-in-{_-Ò-¯n \n¶pw krjvSn-
Im- e¯
- n \m\m-{]-Im-c -¯n-epÅ `mh-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-S nb
aqÀ¯hpw AaqÀ¯-hp-amb hkvXp-¡Ä DÛ-hn-¡p-Ibpw
{]f-bm-I-me-¯n ho­pw At±-l-¯n¯s¶ eo\-am-Ip-
Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. ChnsS `mhs¯ {]I-S-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ
Imcyw {Kln-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\mbn Aán-bp-tSbpw kv^penw-K-
§-fp-tSbpw ZrjvSm´w \ÂI-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ bmsXmcp ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta- iz-c-\nÂ\n¶pw Cu
PK¯v DÛ-hn-¨n«v ho­pw At±-l-¯n¯s¶ hneo-\-am-
bn-¯o- cp-¶p. Ah kzbw F§s\ þ F¶p hnh-cn- ¡p¶p þ
2. Znthym lyaqÀ¯x ]pcpjx
k_m-lym-`y-´tcm lyPx
A{]mtWm lya\mx ipt{`m ly£-cmXv
]cXx ]cx
B Znhy-]p-cp-j-\mb ]c-am-ßmhv \nÊ-tµ-l-amb BIm- ¯nsâ D¸¯n GsXÃmw {Ia-§-fn kw`-hn-¡p¶p?
c-c-ln-X\pw AJn-eP - -K-¯n-tâbpw AI¯pw ]pd¯pw ]cn- Cu {]iv\-¯n\v {]Im-cm-´- c-ambn PK-Zp-X]
]qÀ®\pw BIp-¶p. At±lw P·m-Zn-c-ln-X\pw hnip-²\pw
BWv; F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m At±-l-¯n-\m-Is« {]mW-\p-an-
Ã, C{µn-b-§-fp-an-Ã, a\-Êp-an-Ã. At±-l-¯n\v Ch-sbm-¶pw-
Iq-SmsX FÃmw sN¿p-¶-Xn\p Ign-bp-¶p. AXn-\m kÀÆ-
i-àn-am-\mb B ]c-ta-iz-c³ Ahn-\m-in-bmb Pohm-ßm-hn-
s\-¡mfpw AXy´w t{ijvT\m-Ip-¶p. kÀÆYm D¯-a-\m-
Ip-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ ta¸dª e£-W-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb \ncm-Im-
c-\mb ]c- ta- iz- c-\nÂ\n¶pw Cu kmIm-c-P¯v F§s\ DÛ-
hn-¡p¶p? Cu PnÚm-kbv¡v At±-l-¯nsâ kÀÆ iàn-
Xzs¯ hÀ®n-¡p¶p þ
3. GX-kvam-Öm-btX {]mtWm a\x
kÀtÆ-{µn-bmWn N
Jw hmbpÀtPym-Xn-cm]x ]rYnho
hniz-ky-[m-cn-Wo.
B ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-a³ \ncm-Im-c\pw a\Êv C{µn-
b-§Ä apX-emb Ic-W-ka - p-Zm-b-§-fnÂ\n¶pw kÀÆYm
cln-X\pw Bbn-cn-¡p¶p F¶n-cp-¶mepw FÃmw {]hÀ¯n-
¡p-¶-Xn\p kaÀ°\pw BWv. Cu kÀÆ iàn-am-\mb
]c-{_-Ò-]pcptjm¯-a-\nÂ\n-¶p-X- s¶ krjvSnIme-¯Â
{]mW³, a\Êv (A-´x-Ic - -Ww), k¼qÀ® C{µn-b§ - Ä
Chbpw BIm-iw, hmbp, tXP-Ê,v Pew FÃm Poh-Pm-e-§-
tfbpw hln-¡p¶ ]rYzn Cu ]©-a-lm-`q-X-§fpw FÃmw
DÛ-hn-¡p-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ C{]-Imcw Npcp-¡-¯n ]c-ta-iz-c-\n as¯ hnh-cn-¨n«v C\n Ah-bpsS FÃm c£- b¡
\n¶pw kq£va-X- Xz-§-fpsS D¸-¯n-sb- ¸än ]d-ªn«v C\n sN¿-s¸-tS­ bÚm-ZnIfpw Ah-bpsS km[-\-Ifpw ^e-
PK-¯n `K-hmsâ hncmSv kzcq]w ZÀin-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ §fpw AtX ]c-ta-iz-c-\nÂ\n¶pw {]I-S-am-Ip¶p F¶
{]Im- c-§Ä ]d-bp¶p þ
4. Aán-aqÀ[m N£pjo N{µ-kqcyu K
Znix t{imt{X hmKv hnhr-XmÝ thZmx
hmbpx {]mtWm lrZbw hniz-aky
]Zv`ymw ]rYnho tlyj kÀÆ-`q-Xm-´-cm-ßm.
aäp a{´-§-fn bmsXmcp ]c-ta-iz-c³ \ncm-Im-c-kz-cq-
]-\mbn hÀ®n-¡-s¸-«n- cn-¡p- ¶pthm At±-l-¯n-tâ-Xp-X- s¶-
bmWv Cu {]Xy-£-ambn ImW-s¸-Sp¶ PK-¯nsâ hncmSv
kzcq-]w. Cu hncmSv kzcq]w At±-l-¯nsâ Aán AXm-
bXv ZyptemIw akvX- Ihpw N{µ\pw kqcy\pw c­p-t\-{X-
§fpw kakvX Zn¡p-IÄ IÀ®-§fpw \m\m-hn-[-§-fmb
Oµ-Êp-IÄ a{´- §- fpsS cq]- ¯n hnkvXr-X-am-bn-cn-¡p¶
\mep thZ-hm-Wn-Ifpw hmbp-{]m-W\pw k¼qÀ®-Nc - m-N-c-
P-K¯v lrZ-bhpw ]rYzn At±-l-¯nsâ ]mZ§fpw BIp-
¶p. Cu ]c- {_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c³ kIe Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw A´-
cym-an-bmb ]c-am-ßm-hm-Ip-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ B ]c-am-ßm-hnÂ\n¶pw Cu Ncm-Nc - -P-K-
v -¯n-bpsS {Iaw
hnh- c n- ¡ p- ¶ p.
5. Xkvam-Z-ánx kant[m bky kqcyx
tkmamXv ]ÀÖ\y Hmj-[bx ]rYnhymw
]qam³ tcXx kn©pXn tbmjn-Xmbmw
_lzox {]Pmx ]pcp-jmXv kw{]-kqXmx
]c-ta- iz-c³ Cu PK-¯ns\ krjvSn-¨-t¸m-sgms¡ kZm
Htc coXn-bn-em-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. A§s\ \nb-a-hp-anà At±lw
Ft¸mÄ F§s\ k¦-ev]n-¡p- ¶pthm AtX-{]-Imcw AtX
{Ia- ¯ n PK¯v DÛ-hn-¡p-¶p. Cu `mhs¯¯s¶
kv]jvS-am-¡p-¶-Xn\p ChnsS {]Imc hyXym-k-t¯m-Sp-Iq-
Snb krjvSn-bpsS D¸-¯nsb hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. ]c-{_Ò
]pcp-tjm-¯- a-\n \n¶pw kÀÆ-{]-Y-a-ambn At±-l- ¯nsâ
ANn-´y-i-àn-bpsS Hcw- i-amb AÛp-XmKv\nXXzw D­m-
bn. AXnsâ kan¯p (C\v[\w) kqcy-\m-Ip¶p; AXm-bXv
kqcy-_nw-_-¯nsâ cq]-¯n AXp Pzen-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-
¶p. AKv\nbnÂ\n¶pw N{µ- \p-­m-bn, N{µ- \nÂ\n¶pw (kq-
cy-c-ivan-bnÂ\n¶pw kq£va-cq-]-t¯m-Sp-IqSn ØnXn-sN-bvXn-
cp¶ Pe-¯n Aev]w ioXfX-bp-­m-bXp Imc- Ww) taL-
ap-­m-bn. taL-¯nÂ\n¶pw hÀjw-aqew `qan-bn \m\m-
{]-Im- c-¯n- epÅ Huj- [nIÄ D­m- bn. B Huj- [nIsf `£n-
¨-XnÂ\n-¶p-­mb hocys¯ ]pcp- j³ Xsâ hÀ¤- ¯n- epÅ
kv{Xobn Xfn-¨-t¸mÄ Ah-fnÂ\n¶pw k´m\w D­m-bn.
C§s\ ]c-a-]p-cp-j-\mb ]c- ta-iz-c-\n \n¶pw Cu \m\m-
{]-Im-c-¯n-ep-apÅ Ncm-N-c-Po-hn-IÄ DÛ-hn-¨p.
kw_-Ô w- þ -C-{]-Imcw FÃm Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw D¸-¯n- {I-
v pw-th­n
Imcyhpw ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.

N P
 83

I 6. Xkvam-ZrNx kma bPpwjn Zo£m b-§-fpsS hnj-bc K

- q-]-§-fmb Ggp kan-¯p-Ifpw Ggp-{]-
bÚmÝ kÀth {IXthm Z£n-WmÝ Im-c-a-§-fn-epÅ lh-\hpw AXm-bXv _mly-hn-jb cq]-
§-fmb kan-¯p-If - psS C{µnb cq]-am-Ip¶ Aán-bnÂ
kwh-Õ-cÝ bP-am-\Ý temIm
\nt£-]-cq-]{- In-bbpw Cu C{µn-b§ - -fpsS hmk-Øm-\-cq-
tkmtam b{X ]htX b{X. kqcyx ]-amb k]vX- tem-I§ - fpw AXn hkn-¨n«v Cu C{µn-bc - q-
B ]c-ta-iz-c-\nÂ\n-¶p-Xs¶ EtKz- Z-¯nse a{´- §fpw ]-am-Ip¶ k]vX- {]m-W³ AXm-Xn-tâ-Xmb Imcy- §Ä \nÀh-
kma-th-Z- ¯nse a{´- §fpw bPpÀth-Z-¯nse {ipXn-Ifpw ln-¡p-¶p. \n{Zm-k-abw a\-Ên-t\m-Sp-IqSn H¶m-bn«v lrZ-b-
AXp-t]mse bÚm-Zn-IÀ½-§-fpsS Zo£bpw FÃm-hn-[- cq-]-am-Ip¶ Kpl-bn ibn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶ Cu Ggn-
¯n- ep-apÅ bÚ-§fpw {IXp-¡fpw Ahbv¡p \evI-s¸- tâ-Xmb kap-Zmbw ]c-ta-iz-c-Zzmcm AJne Pohn-I-fnepw
Sp¶ Z£n-W-Ifpw þ At±lw sNbvXn-cn¡p¶ Cu kwh- Øm]n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p.
Õ-c-cq-]-am-Ip¶ Imes¯ Ahsb sN¿p-¶-Xn-\pÅ A[n- kw_-Ô w- þ -C-{]-Imcw B²ym-ßnI hkvXp-¡-fpsS Dev¸-
Im-cn-bmb bP-am-\t- \bpw Ah-bpsS ^e-kz-cq-]-§-fmb ¯nbpw ØnXnbpw ]c-ta-iz-c-\nÂ\n-¶p-Xs¶ F¶p {Kln-
kqcy\pw N{µ\pw {]Im-in-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶ temI- §fpwþ ¸n-¨n«v ]n¶oSv PK-¯nsâ D¸-¯nbpw At±-l-¯nÂ\n-
Ch-sbÃmw D­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. ¶p-Xs¶ F¶p ]d-ªp-sIm­v {]I-c-Ws¯ D]-kw-l-cn-
kw_-Ôw-þ- C\n tZhm- ZnIfpsS hyXym-k-§fpw FÃm kZm- ¡p-¶p.
Nm-c-§fpw AtX-{_-Ò-¯nÂ\n¶pw DÛ-hn-¨p. AXns\ 9. AXx kap{Zm Knc-bÝ kÀth þ
hnh-cn-¡p-¶p.
kvamÕy-µt´ knÔhx kÀh-cq]mx
7. Xkvam¨ tZhm _lp[m kw{]-kqXmx AXÝ kÀhm Hmj-[tbm ckÝ
km[ym a\pjymx ]ithm hbmwkn tbss\j `qssX-kvXn-jvTtX ly´-cm-ßm.
{]mWm-]m\u {holn-bhu X]Ý
Cu ]c-ta-iz-c-\n \n¶pw kakvX kap-{Z-§fpw ]ÀÆ-
{i²m kXyw {_Ò-Ncyw hn[n-Ý. X- §fpw DÛ-hn-¨p. CXnÂ\n¶pw ]pd-s¸-«v. At\-Im-Ir-Xn-
B ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c-\n \n¶p-Xs¶ hkp, cp{Z³ I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb \Zn-IÄ {]h-ln-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. Ct±-l-
BZn-bmbn At\Iw {]Im-c-§-fn-epÅ tZh-K-W-§Ä DÛ- ¯nÂ\n-¶p-Xs¶ ka-kvX-Hu-j-[n-Ifpw ck-§fpw D¸-
hn-¨p. At±-l-¯nÂ\n-¶p-Xs¶ km[y-K-W-§fpw ]e-hn- ¶-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. X¡m-c-W-¯m ]pjvS-amb ico-c§ - -
[-¯n-epÅ a\p-jycpw hn`n¶ PmXn arK-§fpw \m\m-Xcw fn AJn-e-¯n-tâbpw A\-´- cm- ßm-hmb B ]c- ta-iz- c³,
]£n-Ifpw AXp-t]mse aäp-Po-h-Pm- e-§fpw D­m-bn. FÃm- B FÃm Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw Bßm-¡-tfm-Spw-IqSn AXm-Xp-I-
¯n- tâbpw Poh-cq-]-amb {]mW\pw A]m- \\pw AXp-t]mse fpsS lrZ-b-§-fn hkn-¡p-¶p.
kIe Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw Blm-c-cq-]§ - -fmb ]e-hn[ [ym\- kw_-Ô w-þ B ]c-ta-iz-c-\n \n¶pw FÃm DÛ-hn-¨-Xp-
§fpw D­m-bn. At±-l-¯n \n¶p Xs¶ X]w, `àn, Im-cWw Ah-sbÃmw Xs¶ At±-l-¯nsâ kzcq-]-am-Ip-
kXyw, {_Ò-Ncyw Ch {]I-S-am-bn. bÚmZn IÀ½- §Ä ¶p. C{Xbpw ]dªv At±- ls¯ Adn-bp-¶- Xp-sIm- ­p-­m-
\S-¯p- ¶-Xn-\pÅ hn[n-Ifpw B ]c-ta- iz- c-\n \n¶p-Xs¶ Ip¶ ^es¯ {Kln-¸n-¨p-sIm­v Cu JWvUs¯ kam-
{]I- S- am-bn. FÃmw At±- l- ¯n \n¶pw DÛ- hn-¨p. At±lw ]n-¸n-¡p¶p þ
Xs¶ AJn-e¯ - n-tâbpw ImcWw F¶p Xmev]-cyw.
10. ]pcpj GthZw hnizw-IÀ½ Xt]m-{_Ò ]cm-
8. k]vX {]mWmx {]`-h´n XkvamXv ar-X w. GXtZym thZ-\n-l nXw Kplmbmw tkm
k]vXmÀ¨njx kan[x k]vX tlmamx hnZym{KÙnw hnIn-cn-Xol tkmay.
k]vX Cta temIm tbjp Nc´n {]mWm X]Êv AXm-bXv kwb-a-cq] km[-\, IÀ½w AXm-bXv
Kplm-ibm \nlnXmx k]vX k]vX. _mly km[-\-hg- n-bmbn \S-¯-s¸-Sp¶ IrXyw, ]c-am-arX
AtX ]c- ta-iz-c-\nÂ\n¶pw Ggp {]mW\pw þ AXm- bXv {_Òw þ Ch-sbÃmw ]c-a-]p-cpj ]pcp-tjm-¯-a³ Xs¶-
hnj-b-§sf {]Im- in-¸n- ¡p-¶-Xn\p hntijiàn-bpÅ Ggv bm-Ip-¶p. {]nb-iu-\-I, lrZ-b-cq-]-am-Ip¶ Kpl-bn Hfn-
- Ä þ IÀ®-§Ä, Xz¡v, t\{Xw, ck-\, {]mW³ ªn-cn-¡p¶ A´-cym-an-bmb Cu ]c-ta-iz-cs\ bmsXm-cp-
C{µn-b§
AXp-t]mse hmWnbpw a\Êpw a\-tÊm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bpÅ C{µn- ¯³ Xncn- ¨ -d n-b p-¶ pthm Ah³ Cu a\p-j y- i -c o-c -
b-§-fpsS tIÄ¡Â, kv]Àin-¡Â, izkn-¡Â, kwkm-cn- ¯n¯s¶ Ahn- Zym- P-\n-X-amb A´x-I-c-W-¯nsâ sI«p-
¡Â, a\\w sN¿Â C{]-Im-c-apÅ Ggp hr¯n-Ifpw AXm- Isf XIÀ¯p-I-f-bp- ¶p. AXm- bXv FÃm {]Im-c-¯n- ep-apÅ
bXv hnj- bs¯ {Kln- ¸n- ¡p-¶-Xn- \pÅ iàn-Ifpw B C{µn- kwi-b-§-fnepw {`a§fn-epw-\n¶p cln-X-\mbn ]c-{_-Ò-
b-§-fpsS hnj-b-cq-]-§-fmb Ggp kvan¯p-Ifpw B C{µn- ]p-cp-tjm-¯-as\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p.

N P
 84
I ZznXob JÞw
1. Bhnx kw\n-lnXw Kplm-Ncw \ma al-Xv]-Za - -
ss{X-X-Õ-aÀ¸nXw GP-Xv{]m-W -¶n-an-j ¨ btZ-
X-Öm-\Y kZ-k-Zz-tcWyw ]cw hnPvRm-\m-Zy-Zz-
cnjvTw {]Pm-\mw.
kÀÆ-i-àn-am\pw kÀÆ-Ú\pw kÀÆ-hym-]n-bp-amb
]c-ta-iz-c³ {]Im-i-cq-]-\m-Ip-¶p. AJne Poh-Pm-e-§-fpsS
AXy´w kao-]¯v Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-cq- ]-am-Ip¶ Kpl-bnÂ
Hfn-ªn-cn-¡p¶ Imc-Ww-sIm-­p-Xs¶ At±lw Kp]vXN - -
c³ F¶-t]-cn {]kn-²-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. F{X-
am{Xw Cf-Ip-¶Xpw Nen-¡p-¶Xpw izkn-¡p-¶Xpw I®-S-
bv¡p-¶Xpw Xpd-¡p-¶-Xp-amb Pohn-I-fpt­m Ah-sb-Ãm-
¯n-tâbpw kap-Zmbw Cu ]c-ta-iz-c-\n¯s¶ ØnXn-
sN-¿p-¶p. AJn- e-¯n-tâbpw A{i-b-Øm\w Cu ]c-ßm-
hm-Ip-¶p. \n§Ä Ct±-l s¯ Adn-b p-hn³. Ct±lw
k¯pw Ak¯pw AXm-bXv Imcyhpw Imc-ahpw AXp-
t]mse {]I-Shpw A{]-I-Shpw FÃm-am-Ip-¶p. FÃm hn[-
¯nepw hc-W-tbm-Kyhpw AXy´w t{ijvThpw XYm ka-
kvX-Po-hn-I-fp-tSbpw _p²n¡v A¸pdhpw BIp-¶p; AXm-
bXv _p²n-Zzm-cm-A-PvtR-b-am-Ip-¶p.
kw_-Ô w-þ -AtX ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c³sc XXzs¯ a\-
Ên-em-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n ho­pw At±-l-¯nsâ kzcq-
]s¯ aäp hm¡p-If - n¡qSn hÀ®n-¡p-¶pþ
2. bZÀ¨n- a - Z y- W pt`ymWp N bkv a nw- t ÃmIm
\nlnXm temIn-\-Ý . XtZ-X -Z-£ cw {_Ò k
{]mW-k vX -Zp-h m-Mva\x XtZ-X -Õ Xyw XZ-arXw
XtZz-²hyw tkmay-hn-²n.
bmsXmcp ]c-{_-Ò] - -c-ta-iz-c³ AXy´w tZZo]yam\
{]Im-i-cq-]-am-Ip-¶pthm bmsXm¶p kq£va-¯nepw AXn-
kq- £va -am-bn-cn-¡p- ¶p-thm-am\ {]mIm-i-cq-]-am- Ip-¶pthm
bmsXm¶p kq£va-¯nepw AXn-kq-£- a-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm
bmsXm-¶n ka-kX v -tem-I-§fpw AXp-I-fnse FÃm Poh-
Pm-e§ - fpw ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶pthm AXm-XXv Ch-sbÃmw
bmsXm-¶ns\ B{i- bn-¨n- cn- ¡p- ¶pshm AXp-Xs¶ FÃm- ¯n-
tâbpw Poh³ ZmXm-hmb {]mW³, AXp-Xs¶ FÃm-än-
tâbpw hmWnbpw a\kvkpw AXm-bXv AJn-e-P-K-¯n-
tâbpw C{µn-b-§fpw A´x-I-c-W-cq-]-¯n {]I-S-am-bn-cn-
¡p-¶-Xpw. AXp-Xs¶ ]c-a-c-k-Xy-hpw-þ-A-ar-Xhpw Ahn-\m-
in-bmb XXzhpw BIp-¶p. {]nb-s¸« iu\-I, t`Zn-¡-s¸-
Sp-hm³ tbmKy-amb B e£ys¯ \o t`Zn-¡p,-A-Xm-bXv
C\n ]d-b-s¸-Sp¶ {]Im-c-§-fn¡qSn km[-\-sNbvXv X·-
b- am-bn-¯o-cp.
kw_-Ô w-þ -e-£ys¯ t`Zn-¡p-¶-Xn\v A¼pw hnÃpw
thWw. AXn-\m Cu cq]-I- ¯nsâ ]qÀ®-X-b¡
v p-th­n
FÃm kma-{Kn-I-tfbpw hÀ®n-¡p-¶p.þ
N P
3. [\p-Kr-þ-lo-Xzu-]-\n-jZw alm{kw K
icw lyp]m-km-\n-inXw kw[-boX
Bbay XZv `mhKtX\ tNXkm
e£yw XtZ-hm-£cw tkmay hn²n.
F{]-Imcw Hcp _mWs¯ e£y-¯n-te-¡-b¡ - p-¶-Xn-
\p-ap-¼mbn AXnsâ ap\sb NmW-bn Dc¨p aqÀ¨-Iq-«p-
Ibpw AXn-t·epÅ Xpcp-¼p-IÄ FÃmw Ifªv DPvPz-
ebpw Xnf-¡hpw DÅ-Xm-¡n-¯oÀ¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm
AtX-{]-Imcw Xs¶ Bß-cq-]-am-Ip¶ ics¯ D]m-k-\-
Zzmcm \nÀ½- ehpw ip²-hp- am¡n AXns\ {]W-h-cq- ]- am-Ip¶
[\p-kk v n \¶mbn sXmSp-¯p-hn-SWw; AXm-bXv Bßm-
hns\ {]Wh¯nsâ D¨m-cW¯nepw AXnsâ AÀ°-cq-
]-amb ]c-am-Xva-Nn-´-bnepw kay-¡m-b-hn-[-¯n hym]r-
X-am-¡-Ww. AXn-\ p-tijw bmsXm-cp-h n-[ -¯ n [\p-
kvkns\ kÀÆ- i-àn-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn hen¨p _mWs¯ e£y-
¯n-t e- ¡ p- h n- S p-¶ pthm X¡m- c -W - ¯ m AXn\p
e£ys¯ ]qÀ®-ambpw t`Zn-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p. AtX-
{]-Im-cw-Xs¶ ChnsS `mh-]qÀ®Nn¯-t¯m-Sp-IqSn HmwIm-
c- ¯ nsâ D¨m- c Ww AXy- [ nIw \o«nbpw AXnsâ
AÀ°s¯ {]Km-V-ambn kpZoÀL-Imew Nn´n-¡p-¶-
Xn\pw ]d-bs - ¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXp-sIm­v Bßmhv \nÝn-X-
cq-]-t¯m- Sp- IqSn Ahn-\m-in-bmb ]c-am-ßm-hn {]th- in-¡p-
Ibpw AXp-ambn XmZmßyw {]m]n¨v Ahn-N- e-Ø nXn {]m]n-
¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw. HmwIm-c¯ - nsâ t{]a-]qÀ®-a m-bpÅ
D¨m-c-Whpw AXp-t]mse AXnsâ AÀ°-cq-]a - mb ]c-am-
ßm-hnsâ {]Km-V-amb Nn´bpw At±-ls¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶-
Xn-\pÅ kÀtÆm-¯-a-amb D]m-b-am-Ip-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ ]qÀÆ-a-{´-¯nÂ]-dª cq]-Is¯ ChnsS
kv]jvS-am-¡p-¶p.
4. {]Wthm [\px itcm lymßm {_Ò
XÃ- £ y-a p-NytX
A{]-a-t¯\ th²hyw ic-h-¯-·tbm `th-Xv.
apI-fn ]dª cq]-I-¯n ]c-ta-iz-csâ hmN-I-amb
{]Whw (Hmw-Im-cw) [\pÊpw Cu Pohm-ßmhp icochpw
]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c³ e£yhpw BIp-¶p. XÂ]-c-X-tbm-
Sp-IqSn At±-ls¯ D]m-kn-¡p¶ km[-I³ hgn-bmbn
am{Xta B e£yw t`Zn- ¡- s¸- Sp-hm³ km[n- ¡p-¶p- Åq. AXn-
\m tl tkmay, \n\¡p ]qÀtÆm-à-amb cq]-¯n B
e£ys¯ t`Zn¨p _mW-t¯-t¸m-se-Xs¶ AXn X·-b-
am-bn-¯o-c-Ww.
kw_-Ô w-þ -ho­pw ]c-ta-iz-csâ kzcq-]s¯ hÀ®n-¨p-
sIm­v {]am-Z-c-ln-X\pw hnc-à-\p-ambn AXns\ {Kln-¡p-
¶-Xn-\p-th­n {ipXn ]d-bp-¶p.
5. bkvan³ Zyux ]rYnho Nm´-cn£
tamXw a\x kl {]mssWÝ kÀssÆx
 85
I Xta-sshIw Pm\Y Bßm-\-a\ym
hmtNm hnap©Ym-ar-Xsskyj tkXpx.
bmsXmcp ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hn kzÀ¤hpw ]rYznbpw
Ah-bpsS CS-bv¡pÅ k¼qÀ® BIm-ihpw AXp-t]mse
kakvX {]mW\pw C{µn-bb - p-à-amb a\Êpw _p²n-cq-]-
amb A´x-I-c- Whpw FÃmw DuSpw-]mhpw t]mse- bm- Ip-¶p,
AtX GI kÀÆm-ßm-hmb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ \o ]qÀtÆm-à-
amb D]m-b-Zzmcm Adn-bq. asäÃm Imcy-§-tf-bpw, {Kmay-
NÀ¨-I-sf, kÀÆYm Dt]-£n¨p If-bq. Ch-sbÃmw \nsâ
km[-\-IÄ¡p XS-Ê-§-fm-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m Ah-tbmSp
kÀÆYm hnc-à-\mbn km[-\-I-fn X¸-c-\m-bn-¯o-cp-I.
CXp-Xs¶ Aar-X- ¯nsâ ]mew AXm-b-Xv, kwkm-c-k-ap-{Z-
¯n¡qSn A¡-sc-I-S¶v Aar-X-kz-cq-]a - mb ]c-am-ßm-
hns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ ]mew.
kw_Ôw þ ho­pw ]c-ta-iz-csâ kzcq-]s¯ hÀ®n-¨p-
sIm­v AXnsâ {]m]vXn-¡m-bpÅ km[-\-I-sf-¸än ]d-bp-
¶p.
6. Acm Ch cY-\m`u kwlXm b{X \mUyx
k Gtjm´ÝctX _lp[m Pmb-am\x
Hman-tXyhw [ymbY Bßm\w
kzkvXn hx ]mcmb Xakx ]c-kvXm-Xv.
F{]-Imcw cY-N-{I-¯nsâ tI{µ-¯n IW-¦m-ep-IÄ
LSn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶pthm AtX-{]-Im-c-¯n ico-c-¯nsâ
FÃm \mUn-Ifpw bmsXmcp lrZ-b-¯n GI{X ØnX-am-
bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AtX lrZ-b-¯n \m\m cq]-§-fn {]I-
S-am-¡p¶ ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-am-ßmhv A´-cym-an-cq-]-¯n hkn-
¡p-¶p. Ch-sb-Ãm-¯n-tâbpw Bßmhv ]pcp-tjm-¯-asâ
"Hmw' Imc-¯nsâ D¨m-c-W-t¯m- Sp-IqSn \nc-´- c-ambn [ym\n-
¨p-sIm­p hkn-¡q. C{]-Imcw ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ HmwIm-c-P-
]hpw AXnsâ AÀ°-`q-X-amb ]c-am-ßm-hns\ [ym\n-¨p-
sIm­v hkn-¡p-¶-XnÂ\n¶pw \n§Ä B ]c-am-ßm-hns\
{]m]n-¡p-h m³ kaÀ°-c m-b n-¯ o-c pw. bmsXm-c p-¯ ³
AÚm-\m-Ô -Im-c-¯nÂ\n¶pw kÀÆYm AXo-X-\mbpw
kwkm- c - k m- K - c - ¯ nsâ A ¡- s cbpw Bbn- c n- ¡ pw.
"\n§Ä¡p awK-f-ap-­m-Is«' C{]-Imcw BNm-cy³ D]-
cypà hn[n-If - m km[\ A\p-jvTn-¡p¶ injy·msc
BioÀÆ-Zn-¡p-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ ho­pw ]c-ta-iz-csâ kzcq-]s¯¯s¶
hÀ®n-¡p-¶p.
7. bx kÀÆÚx kÀh-hnZv bsskyj
aln-am-`qhn
Znthy {_Ò-]ptc tlyj thymav\ymßm
{]Xn-j vT nXx
at\m-abx {]mW-i-co-c-t\Xm
{]XnjvTn tXmt¶ lrZbw kw\n-[n-bmb
N P
XZzn-Úm-t\\ ]cn-]-iy´n [ocm K
B\-µ-cq-]-a-arXw bZv hn`m-Xn.
bmsXmcp ]c-{_Òw ]c-ta-iz- c³ kÀÆ-Ú\pw þ FÃm-
a-dn-bp-¶-h\pw þ FÃm-`m-K-¯p-apÅ FÃm-än-t\bpw \¶m-
bn-«-dn-bp-¶-h\pw BIp-¶p, AXm-bXv tZi-Im-e§ - Ä At±-
l-¯nsâ Úm\- i-ànsb _m[n-¡p-¶n-Ã. At±-l- ¯nsâ
BÝ-cy-a-lna PK-¯n {]Xy-£- am-W.v AJn-e-¯n- tâbpw
Bßm-hmb ]c-ta-iz-c³ ]c-a-thymaw F¶ \ma-¯mÂ
{]kn-²-amb Znhym-Im-i-cq-]-amb {_Ò-tem-I-¯n kzcq-
]- h m- \ mbn ØnXn-s N-¿ p-¶ p. FÃm Pohn-I - f p- tSbpw
{]mW\pw ico-chpw \nb-{´n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶ Cu ]c-ta-
iz-c³ a\-Ên hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-sIm­v at\m-a-b³
F¶p hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. FÃm PohnIfptSbpw lrZ-b-I-a-e-
¯n\m{ibw \ÂIn-s¡m­v A¶-a-b-amb Øqe-i-co-c-
¯n {]Xn-jT v n-X-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. B\-µ-a-b-\mbn Ahn-\m-
in-bmbn kÀÆ{X {]Im-in-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶ B ]c-{_-
Òs¯ _p²n-am-·m-cmb BfpIÄ hnÚm\w hgn-bmbn
{]Xy£s¸Sp-¯n-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-¶p.
kw_-Ô w-þ -C\n ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ Úm\-^ew ]d-bp-¶p.
8. `nZytX lrZ-b-{KÙn ivOnZyt´
kÀÆ-kw-i bmx
£obt´ Nmky IÀ½mWn Xkvan³ZrjvtS
]cm-h -tc.
Imcy- Im-cW kzcq-]-\mb B ]c-amß ]pcp- tjm- ¯- asâ
XXzs¯ {Kln¡p¶Xn-\p-taÂ, Cu PU-i-co-cs¯¯s¶
X§-fpsS kzcq-]-sa¶p hniz-kn-¡p¶ PohnIfpsS lrZ-
b-¯nse Ahn-Zym-cq-]-amb sI«-gnªp t]mIp-¶p. am{X- a-
Ã, Ah-cpsS FÃm kwi-b-§fpw Aäp-t]m-Ibpw kakvX
ip`m-ip-`-IÀ½-§fpw \in-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AXm-bXv
B Pohn FÃm _Ô-\§ - -fn \n¶pw apà-\m-bn«v ]c-am-
\-µ-kz-cq-]-\mb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ B ]c-{_-Ò-¯nsâ Øm\w, kzcq-]w, alna
Chsb hÀ®n-¡p-¶p.
9. lnc¬atb ]tc tImti hncPw
{_Ò \njvIew
XÑvip{`w tPymXnjmw tPymXn-kvX-Zy-Zm-ß-
hntZm-h nZpx
\nÀ½-e\pw \nÀÆn-Im-c\pw Ah-b-h-c-ln-X\pw Bb
AJ-WU v -]-c-am-ßmhv {]Im-i-a-b-amb ]c-am-[-a-¯n hncm-
Pn-¡p-¶p. At±lw kÀÆYm hnip-²\pw FÃm {]Im-i-bp-
à-§-fmb ]ZmÀ°-§-fp-Sbpw {]Im-ihpw BIp- ¶p. At±-
ls¯ Bß- Úm- \n- I- fmb alm-ßm- ¡Ä am{Xw Adn- bp- ¶ .p
10. \ X{X kqtcym `mXn \ N{µ-Xm-cIw
t\am hnZyptXm `m´n ItXmbaánx
Xtah `m´-a-\p-`mXn kÀhw
Xky `mkm kÀÆ-anZw hn`m-Xn.
 86
I B kzbw-{]-Imiw ]c-am-\µ kzcq-]-\mb ]c-ta-iz-csâ
kao]w kqcy³ {]Im-in-¡p-¶n-Ã. kqcy-{]-Im-k-¯nÂ
an¶m-an-\p-§nsâ {]Imkw ep]vXa - m-bn-¯o-cp-¶-Xp-t]mse
kqcy-tX- PÊpw B Ako-a-tX-P-kk v nsâ ap¼n \njv{]-`-
am-bn-¯ o-c p-¶p. N{µ\pw Xmcm-K-W -§ fpw hnZyp¯pw
AhnsS {]Im-i n-¡ p-¶ n- Ã , ]ns¶ Cu temI-¯ nse
AánbpsS Imcyw F´n\p ]d- bp-¶p. F¶p-sIm-s­- ¶mÂ
{]Ir-X-P-K-¯n {]Imi kz`m-h-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bX - - Xz-§-sf-
Ãmw-X s¶ ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-csâ {]Im-i -i-àn-bpsS
Awis¯ e`n- ¨n- «p- {]- Im- in- ¡p- ¶p. Ahbv¡v X§- fpsS {]Im-
i- I³sc kao]w X§-fpsS {]Imiw F§s\ hym]n-¸n- ¡p-
hm³ Ignbpw? Cu k¼qÀ®-P-K¯v PK-Zm-Xm-am-hmb ]pcp-
tjm-¯-asâ {]Im-i-¯nÂ\n¶pw AYhm {]Im-i-¯nsâ
Hcp £p{ZmwkwsIm­p {]Im-in¨p sIm­n-cn-¡p-¶p.
""{_ssÒ-th-Z-a-arZw ]pc-kvXm-Zv{_Ò ]Ým
Zv{_lva Z£nW-X-tÝm-¯t- cW
A[tÝmÀ[zw N {]krXw {_lvssa-thZw
hniz-anZw hcn-jvTw.
Cu a{´-¯n ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ kÀÆ-hym-]I - X
- bpw
kÀÆ-cq-]-Xbpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu Aa-c-cq-]-
\mb ]c-{_Ò ]c-amßm-hp-Xs¶ ap¶nepw ]n¶nepw
CS¯pw he¯pw DÅnepw ]pd¯pw apI-fnepw Xmsgbpw
kÀÆ{X hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu hniz-{_-la v m-Þ-¯nsâ
cq]-¯n Cu kÀÆ-t{ijvT {_lvaw ImW-s¸-«p-sIm-­n-
cn- ¡p-¶ p.
XrXo-b -ap-W vU Iw
{]Y-a-ImWvUw
1. Zzm kp]˨m kbpPm kJmbm
kam\w hr£w ]cn-j-kz-PmtX
Xtbm-c-\ymx-]n-¸ew kzmZz-¯yþ
\iv\-¶t\ym A`n-Nm-I -io-Xn.
KoX-bn F{]-Imcw PK-¯ns\ Aiz-°-hr-£-ambn
hÀ®n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶pthm AtX- {]-Imcw Xs¶ Cu a{´-
¯n ico-cs¯ hS-hr-£-ambpw Pohm-ßm-hn-t\bpw ]c-
am-ßm-hn-t\bpw ]£n-bpsS cq]-ambpw hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
CXp- t]mse Xs¶-bpÅ hÀ®\w ItTm- ]- \n-j-¯nepw Kpl-
bn {]hn-jvS-amb {]Im-ihpw Ombbpw F¶ t]cnÂ
h¶n-«p-­v. Bibw c­p-Ø-e¯pw {]mtbW H¶p-X-s¶.
Cu a\pjyicocw hr£wt]m-se-bm-Ip-¶p. Cuiz-c \pw
Pohm-ßmhpw kZm H¶n- ¨p-hk - n-¡p-¶ c­p Iq«p-]-£n-I-
fm-Ip-¶p. AhÀ ico-c-cq-]-am-Ip¶ Cu hr£-¯n H¶n-
¨p-X-sâ lrZ-b-cq-]-am-Ip¶ s]m¯n \nh-kn-¡p-¶p. Cu
c­n H¶mb Pohm-ßmhv B hr£- ¯nsâ ^e-cq-]-amb
kz´w IÀ½-^-e-§sf AXm-bXv {]mc-_v[m-\p-k-c-W-ambn
{]m]vX-§-fm-Ip¶ kpJ-Zpx-J-§sf Bk-àn-tbmSpw hntZz-
N P
j-t¯m-Spw-IqSn A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p.ASp-¯Xp Cuiz-c³ B
K
IÀ½-^-e-§-tfm-Spw-IqSn A\p-`-hn- ¡p-¶p. ASp- ¯Xp Cuiz-
c³ B IÀ½-^-e§ - -tfmSv bmsXmcp {]Im-c-¯nepw tei-
am-{X-am-bn-t¸mepw _Ôw-]p-eÀ¯msX tIhew I­p-sIm-
­p-am- {X-an-cn-¡p-¶p.
2. kamt\ hrt£ ]pcptjm \natám
\oibm timNXn aply-am\x
PqjvSw bZm ]iy-Xy-\y-ao-iþ
aky aln-am-\-anXn hoXtimIx.
t\cs¯ hÀ®n-¡-s¸-«n-cp¶ ico-c-cq-]-am-Ip¶ Htc-hr-
£-¯n lrZ-bm-Ip¶ amf-¯n hkn-¡p¶ Cu Pohm-
ßmhv Xt¶mSp-IqSn hkn-¡p¶ ]c-a-kp-lr-¯mb ]c-ta-
iz-cs\ t\m¡m-sXbpw ico-c-¯n¯s¶ Bk-à-\mbn
AXn¯s¶ \na-á-\mbn AXm-bXv ico-c-t¯mSv At`Zy-
amb aa-X-]p-eÀ¯n AXp-hgn e`y-am-Ip¶ t`mK-kp-J-§sf
A\p-`- hn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p- ¶-Xp-hsc Ak-aÀ°-cq- ]-amb Zo\-
X-bn tamln-X-ambn \m\m {]Im-c-¯n-epÅ ZpxJ-§sf
A\p-`-hn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. `K-h Ir]-bm X¶nÂ
\n¶pw `n¶hpw \nXyhpw Xsâ kao-]-¯p-Xs¶ hkn-¡p-
¶-h\pw ]c-a-k-lr-Zb - \pw ]c-a-{]n-b\pw `à-·m-cmÂ
tkhn-X-\p-amb Cuiz-c-t\bpw PK-¯n `n¶-`n-¶-co-Xn-I-
fn {]I-S-am-bn-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p¶ At±-l¯ - nsâ BÝ-cy-
a-bn-b mb aln-a-tbbpw {]Xy-£-am-b -\ p-`-hn-¡ pt¼mÄ
Ah³ X£Ww Xs¶ timI-c-ln-X-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ Cuiz-c-kz-cq-]s¯ hÀ®n-¨p-sIm­v At±-
ls¯ Xncn-¨-dn-bp-¶-Xp-sIm-­p-­m-Ip¶ ^es¯ hÀ®n-
¡p-¶p.
3. bZm ]iyx ]iytX cpIva-h˨w
IÀ¯m-caoiw ]pcpjw {_Ò-tbm-\nw.
XZm hnZzm³ ]pWy-]mt] hn[qb
\ncRvP\x ]caw kmay-ap-ss]-Xn.
ap³ ]dª coXn-bn ]c-ta-iz-c-sâ BÝ-cy-a-bn-bmb
aln-ab- psS t\tc ZrjvSn-]-Xn-¸n-¨p-sIm­v At±-l-¯n- \-`n-
ap-J-am-bn-t¸m-Ip¶ Pohm-ßmhv AJn-e-¯n-tâbpw \nb-
´mhpw {_Òm-hnsâ t]mepw BZn-Im-c-W\pw k¼qÀ®
PK-¯ns\ krjvSn-¨-h\pw Bb Znhy-{]-Imi kzcq] ]c-a-
]pcpj]-c- ta-iz-cs\ km£mXv¡- cn-¡pt¼mÄ Ah³ Xsâ
]pWy-]m-]-IÀ½- §sf kaqew \in-¸n¨v Ah-bnÂ\n¶pw
kÀÆYm _Ô-c-ln-X-\mbn ]c-a-\nÀ½e\mbn ]c-a-]p-cp-
js\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
4. {]mtWm tlyj bx kÀÆ-`q-ssXÀhn-`mXn
hnPm-\³ hnZzm³ `htX \mXn-hmZo
Bß-{IoU Bß-cXnx {Inbmhm
t\j {_Ò-hnZzmw hcnjvTx
 87

I kÀÆ-hym-]n-bmb Cu ]c-ta-iz-c³Xs¶ AJn-e-¯n- kXyw hnP-bn-¡p¶p; IÅw hnP-bn-¡p-¶n-Ã. ]c-am- K

tâbpw {]mW-\m-Ip¶p; ico-c¯ - nsâ FÃm tNjvS-Ifpw
ßmhv kXy-kz-cq-]-\m-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m At±-ls¯ {]m]n-
{]mW³ aqew kw`-hn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-se-Xs¶ hniz-¯n ¡p-¶-Xn\v a\p-jy-cn kXys¯ {]Xn-jvTn-¡Ww F¶p
FÃmw Cu ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ iàn-sIm­p kw`-hn-¨p-sIm- Xm¸-cyw. ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn\v kXyw A\n-
­n-cn-¡p-¶p. FÃm Pohn-I-fnepw At±-l-¯nsâ {]Imiw hm-cy-amb Hcp km[-\-bm-Wv. AXp-t]mse temI-¯n aäp
D­v. At±-lhpw B Pohn-If - nÂIqSn {]Im-in-¨p-sIm-­n-
Imcy-§-fnepw kXyw al-¯mbn hnP-bn-¡p-¶p. anYym-`m-
cn-¡p-¶p. Cu kwKXn {Kln-¨n«pÅ Úm\nIfmb `à- j-Ww, Zw`v, Im]Syw Ch sIm­v D¶-Xnsb B{K-ln-¡p-
·mÀ Hcn-¡epw Al- ¦m-c-t¯m-Sp-IqSn s]cp- am- dp-¶n-Ã. F´p-
¶-hÀ Ahkm\w \ncm-i-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. anYym-`m-j-Ww,
sIm-s­- ¶m Ahsâ DÅn kÀÆ-hym-]-I-\mb B ]c- anYym- N-cWw Ch kXy-¯nsâ ad- hn \S- ¯p-¶-Xp-sIm­v
ta-iz-csâ iàn ØnXn-sN-¿p¶p F¶-h-\-dn-bp-¶p. ]ns¶ NneÀ Ah-bn GXm­p kXy-¯nsâ Awi-ap-s­¶p
Ah-s\-´n-\l - -¦-cn-¡p¶p? Ah-\m-Is« temI-\-·-bv¡p-
hniz-kn-¡p-¶p. AXnÂ\n¶pw AhÀ¡v £Wn-I-amb
th­n `K-h-Zm-Úm-\p-k-cWw Xsâ hÀ®m-{i-a-¯n-¶-\p- Aev]-kzev]w em`w D­m-Ip-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. F¶mÂ
Iq-e-am-bn-«pÅ IÀ½-§sf A\p-jvTn-¨p-sIm­v FÃm-¯n- AXnsâ ]cn-Wmaw ip`-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. Ah-km\w kXyw
tâbpw Bßm-hmb A´-cyman `K-hm-\n {IoUn-¡p-¶p. kXy-ambpw Ifhp If-hmbpw Xs¶ Ah-ti-jn-¡p-¶p.
Ah³ kZm `K-hm-\p-ambn can-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. C§-AXn-\m _p²n-am-·mÀ kXy`mj-Wt- ¯bpw kZm-Nm-c-
s\-bpÅ `K-h- Zv`-à³ {_Ò-Úm-\nIfn AXn-t{i-jvT\m- t¯bpw kzmb-¯-am-¡p-¶p. F´p-sIm- s­- ¶m t`mK- hm-
Ip-¶p. KoX-bnepw hmkp-tZ-h-cq-]s¯ ZÀin-¡p¶ Úm\n- k-\-IÄ \jvS-s¸« alÀjn-K-W-§Ä IS-¶p-t]mb amÀ¤w
I-fmb `à-·msc alm-ßm-¡Ä F¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. FhnsS Ah-km-\n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶pthm AhnsS ]ca [ma-amb
kw_Ôw þ B ]c- am- ßm- hnsâ {]m]vXn-¡pÅ km[-\-Isf ]c-am- ßmhv ØnXn-sN- ¿p-¶p. AXv ]ca tZh ]c- am-ßm- hns\
hnh-cn-¡p¶p þ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ km[-\m-cq-]hpw kXy-¯m ]cn-
]qÀ®-hp-amb tZh-bm-\-amÀ¤-am-Ip-¶p. AXn Ak-Xy-`m-
5. ktXy\ e`y-kvX-]km tlyj Bßm
j-Wh - pw, Zw`pw Im]-Syhpw Bb Ak-Zm-NW - -§Ä¡p
kayKv Úmt\\ {_Ò-N-tcy-W-\nXyw Øm\-a n-Ã.
A´x-i-cotc tPymXnÀ½tbm ln ipt{`m
kw_-Ôw-þ- D-]-cyp-à-§-fmb km[-\Ifn¡qSn {]m]yam
bw ]iy-´n-b-Xbx £oW-tZm-jmx. -Ip¶ ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ kzcq-]s¯ ho­pw hÀ®n-¡p¶p þ
AJn- e¯ - n-tâbpw ico-cm-´À`m-K-¯p, lrZ-b¯- nÂ, 7. _rl¨ XZv Znhy-a-Nn-´y-cq]w
hncm-Pn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶ ]c-a-hn-ip-²\pw {]Im-i-a mb
kq£vam¨ XÕq-£va-Xcw hn`mXn
Úm\-kz-cq-]- \p-amb ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hns\ FÃm tZmj-
§-fnÂ\n¶pw cln-X-\mb {]b-Xv\-io-e-\mb km[-I\p ZpcmXv kpZqtc XZn-lm-´ntI N
am{Xta Adn-bp-hm³ km[n-¡q. kZm kXy-`m-jWw X]-Ý- ]iyÕzn sslh \nlnXw Kplm-bmw.
cy, kwb-aw, kzmÀ°-Xym-Kw, {_Ò-N-cy-]m-e\w Ch-bnÂ
]c-{_-Ò-]-c-am-ß mhv FÃm-¯ n-t\¡mfpw alm\pw
\n¶p¸-¶- am-Ip¶ bYmÀ° Úm\w hgn- am-{Xta B ]c-
Znhy\pw Aeu-In-I\pw ANn´y kzcq-]\pw BIp¶p;
am- ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p- hm³ Ignbp-¶p-Åq. CXn- s\Ãmw hncp-
AXm-bXv At±-l-¯nsâ kzcq]w a\-Êp-hgn Nn´n-¡-s¸-
²-ambn bmsXm-cp-¯³ t`mK-§-fn Bk-à-\mbpw t`mK-
Sp-hm³ Ign-bp-¶-X-Ã. AXn-\m ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p-
§-fpsS {]m]vXn-¡p-th­n \m\m-hn-[-¯n-epÅ anYym-`m-j-
¶- Xn\v a\p-jyÀ {i²- tbmSpw `àn-tbm-Spw-IqSn ]qÀÆIYnX-
W-§Ä \S-¯nbpw Bk-àn-h-im \nb-a-{]-Im-c-apÅ
amb km[-\-I-fn hym]r-X- cm-bn-cn-¡-Ww. B ]c-am-ßmhv
Xsâ hocys¯ c£n-¡p-hm³ Ign-hn-Ãm-sXbpw Ign-bp¶
ANn-´y\pw AXp-t]mse kq£van-Xm-kq-£vahpw Bbn-cp-
kzmÀ°-]-cm-b-W-\mb Ahn-thIn a\p-jy³ B ]c-am-ßm-
¶n«pw km[-Isâ lrZ-b¯ - n Xsâ kzcq-]s¯ kzbw
hns\ A\p- `-hn-¡p-¶n- Ã. F´p-sIm- s­- ¶m Ah³ At±-
{]Im-in-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. ]c-am-ßmhv kÀÆ{X ]cn-
ls¯ Bin-¡p-¶-tX-bn-Ã.
]qÀ®-\m- Ip-¶p. At±lw CÃm¯ Hcp-Øm-\hpw Hcn- S¯pw
kw_-Ô w-þ -]q-av\-tÆm-à-§-fmb km[-\-I-fn kXy- Ah-ti-jn-¡p-¶n-Ã. AXn- \m \mw Fhn-Sw-hsc Zqcs¯
¯nsâ alna hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. Adn-bp-¶pthm At±lw AXn-\-¸p-dhpw \½psS Gähpw
6. kXy-tah PbXn \m\rXw kao-]¯pw DÅn¯s¶bpw hncm-Pn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p.
F´n-\-[n-Iw, ImWp-¶hcnseÃmw Xs¶ Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-
ktXy\ ]Ùm hnXtXm tZh-bm\x
kz-cq-]-am-Ip¶ Kpl-If - n At±lw Hfnªn-cn-¡p-¶p.
tb\m-{I-a-´ r-jtbm lym]vX-Imam
AXp-sIm­v At±-ls¯ At\z- jn¨p asäm-cn-S¯p t]mtI
b{X XXv kXyky ]caw \n[m-\w. ­ Bh-iy-an-Ã.

N P
 88

I 8. \ N£p-jm-Kr-lytX \m]n hmNm Xw Xw temIw PbtX XmwÝ Imamw þ K

\mss\yÀtZ sshkvX-]km IÀ½Wm hm kvXkvam-Zm-ßÚ w lyÀ¨tbZv `qXn-Imax
Úm\-{]-k m-tZ\ hnip-²-k-Xzþ hnip-²-amb A´x-I-c-W-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb a\p-jy³ t`mK-
kvXXkvXp Xw ]iytX \njvIew [ymbam\x §-fnÂ\n¶pw kÀÆYm hnc-à-\mbn \nÀ½-e-amb A´x-
I-c-W-t¯msS \nc-´-c-ambn ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-cs\ [ym\n-
B ]c-{_-Òs¯ a\pjyÀ¡v I®p-I-fm ZÀin-¡p-
¡p-¶p-s h-¦ n At¸mÄ At±-l s¯ {]m]n-¡ p-h m³
hm³ km[y-aÃ; am{X-a-Ã, hmWn apX-emb aän-{µn-b-§Ä
Ah\p Ign-bp-¶p. F¶m Ah³ kÀÆYm \njv¡m-a-\m-
aqehpw At±lw {Kln-¡-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. AXp-t]mse \m\m-hn-
bn-cn-¡p-¶n-sÃ-¦ n Fs´Ãmw temIm-`n-em-j-§-sf-¸än
[-¯n- ep-apÅ X]-Ý-cy-If - mtem IÀ½-§ -fmtem At±-
Nn´n- ¡p-¶pthm A{]-Imcw GsXÃmw t`mK-§sf CÑn-¡p-
ls¯ {]m]n-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶-X-Ã. Ah-b-h-c-ln-X\pw
¶pthm AXm-Xn-tâ-Xmb temI-§sf Pbn-¨-S-¡p-¶p, B
]c-a-hn-ip-²-\p-amb B ]c-am-ßm-hn-s\-bm-Is« a\pjy³
temI-§-fn t]mhp- Ibpw Ahn-SpÅ t`mK- §sf {]m]n-¡p-
FÃm t`mK-kp-J-§-fnepw \n¶p apJw Xncn-¨,v B{K-l-c-ln-
Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AXn-\m sFiz-cys¯ A`n-e-jn-¡p¶
X-\mbn hnip-²-amb A´x-I-cWw hgn-bmbn \nc-´-c-apÅ
a\p-jyÀ ico-c-¯nÂ\n¶pw `n¶-ambn Bßm-hns\ Adn-
[ym\w-sIm­v Úm\- ¯nsâ \nÀ½-e- X-bn IqSn ZÀin-¡p-
bp¶ A´x-I-c-W-bp-à-amb hnthI ]pcp-js\ tkhn-¡p-
hm³ Ign-bp-¶p. AXn-\m B ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p-
Ibpw kev¡-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿-s«. F´p-sIm-s­-¶mÂ
hm³ Bsc-¦nepw B{K-ln-¡p¶p F¦n Ah³ kwkm-
Ah³ X\n- ¡p- th- ­nbpw aäp- Å- hÀ¡p- th- ­nbpw Fs´Ãmw
c- t`m- K - § -f nÂ\n¶pw kÀÆYm hnc-à - \ m-b n, FÃm
B{K-ln- ¡p-¶p- hthm AXv ]qÀ®-ambn `hn- ¡p-¶ p.
A`nemj§fpw XyPn¨v GI-am-{X-\mb ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-
hn¯s¶ {]m]n-¡ p-¶ -X n\v At±-l -¯ nsâ Nn´-
ZznXo- b -J WvU w
bn¯s¶ \na-á-cm-bn-cn-¡-Ww.
kw_Ôw þ ]qÀÆ-{]-I-c-W-¯n hnip-²m-´x-I-cW-t¯m-
kw_Ôw þ C\n B ]cn-ip² ]c-am-ßmhv FÃm lrZ-b-
Sp-Iq-Snb km[-Isâ Ign-hns\ hÀ®n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n
§-fnepw hkn-¡p-¶p. F¶m FÃm Pohn-If - nepw At±-
kwK-Xn-h-im A`n-em-j-]qÀ¯n-bpsS Imcyw ]d-tb-­-
ls¯ F´p-sIm- ­- dn- bp- ¶nÃ? ip²- amb A´x- I-c-W- t¯m-
Xmbn h¶p. AXp-sIm­p \njv¡m- a-`m-hs¯ {]iw-kn¨pw
Sp-Iq-Snb a\p-jy³ F´-dn-bp¶p? CtX-¸än hnh-cn-¡p-¶.p
kIm-a-`m-hs¯ \nµn-¨pw-sIm­v ho­pw {]I-cWw Bcw-
9. GtjmWpcmßm tN-Xkm thZn-Xthym `n-¡p-¶p.
bkvan³ {]mWmx ]©[m kwhn-thi 1. k sshssZ-XXv ]caw {_Ò-[m-aþ
{]mssW-Ýn¯w kÀÆ-tamXw {]Pm\mw b{X hnizw \nlnXw `mXn ip{`w
bkvan³ hnipt² hn`-h-tXyj Bßm. D]m-ktX ]pcpjw tb lyIm-aþ
bmsXmcp ico-c¯ - n {]mW³, A]m-\³, hym\³, kvtX ip{I-taX ZXn-hÀ¯´n [ocmx
kam-\³, DZm-\³ Cu A©p-co-Xn-I-fn-epÅ {]mW³ {]th-
C§s\ bmsXm-cp-¯-\n Cu k¼qÀ®-amb PK¯v
in¨p {]hÀ¯n- ¨p-sIm- ­n- cn-¡p-¶pthm AtX ico- c-¯nsâ
ØnXn-sN-¿p¶p F¶ {]Xo-Xn-bp-­m-Ip-¶pthm B ]c-a-
DÅn lrZ-b-¯nsâ a²y`mK-¯mbn ÚmXr-cq-]-¯nÂ
hn-ip-²\pw {]Im-k-a-b-[m-a-kz-cq-] -\p-amb ]c-{_-Ò-]-c -am-
Adn-b- s¸-Sp¶ Cu kq£va-amb Pohm-ßmhpw hkn- ¡p-¶p.
ßm-hns\ ka-kX v -t`m-K-§-fn-ep-apÅ A`n-em-j-§sf shdp-
F¶m FÃm Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw FÃm A´x Ic-W-§fpw
¯p-t]-£n¨v \nc-´cw At±-ls¯ [ym\n¨p Ign-bp¶
{]mW-t\m-Sp-IqSn tbmPn¨p hÀ¯n-¡p¶p; AXm-bXv Cu
km[-I³ a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ B ]c-am-ßm-
{]mW-t\bpw C{µn-b-§-tfbpw Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶- Xn-\p-­m-
hns\ D]m- kn¨p Ign-bp-¶pthm G{I-am-{X\mb At±-l-s¯-
bn-«pÅ \m\m- {]- Im-c-¯n- epÅ t`mK- hm-k-\-I- fm aen- \hpw
¯s¶ B{K-ln-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ ]qÀ®-\n-j¡ v m-a-\m-bn-
£p_v[-hp-am-bn-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. C¡m-c-W-¯m FÃm
¡-gn-bp¶p F¶ Imcyw \nÝ-b-am-Ip-¶p. bmsXm-cp-hn-[-¯n-
a\p-jyÀ¡pw ]c-am-ßm-hns\ Adn-bp-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶n-Ã.
ep-apÅ A`n-emj§fnepw Ahsâ a\Êv Ipcp-§p-¶n-Ã.
A´x-Ic - Ww hnip-²-am-bn-¡-gn-ªm Pohm-ßmhv FÃm
AXn-\m Ah³ Cu ctPm-abico-cs¯ XyPn¨p Ign-bp-
{]Im-c-¯nepw kaÀ°-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. AXn-\m t`mK-§-
¶p. Ah\p ]p\ÀÖ·w D­m- Ip-¶n- Ã. AXn-\m Ahs\
fnÂ\n¶pw hnc-à-\mbn ]c-amß Nn´-bn apgp-In-bn-cn-
_p²n-am-s\¶p ]d-bp-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m bmsXm-cp-
¡p¶p F¦n At¸mÄ At±- ls¯ {]m]n-¡p-hm³ km[n-
¯³ kmc-h-kX v p-hn-\p-th­n Akm-c-h-kvXp-¡sf XyPn-
¡p-¶p. adn¨v t`mKm-`n-emj§fn Bk-à-am-bn-cn-¡p¶p
¡p-¶pthm Ah³ _p²n-am-\m-Ip-¶p.
F¦n B{K-ln-¡p¶ t`mK-§sf {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ C\n kIma ]pcp-js\ \nµn-¨p-sIm­v apI-
10. bw bw temIw a\km kwhn-`mXn
fn ]d-ªn«pÅ kwKXn kv]jvS-am-¡p-¶p.
hnip-²-k¯zx Ima-btX bmwÝ Imam³
N P
 89
I 2. Imam³ bxIm-a-btX a\y-am\x
k Ima-`nÀ PmbtX X{X X{X
]cym-]vXI
- m-aky IrXm-ß-\ -kvX znþ
sslh kÀth {]hn-eo-b´n Imamx.
bmsXm- c p- ¯ ³ t`mK§sf BZ- c n- ¡ p- ¶ p-h thm
bmsXmcp¯sâ ZrjvSn-bn Cu temI-¯n-tebpw ]c-tem-
I-¯n-tebpw t`mK-§Ä kpJ-tl-X p-I-f-§-fm-b n-cn-¡ p-
¶pthm Ah³ t`mK-§sf A`nejn¡p-Ibpw \m\m-{]-Im-
c-¯nepÅ B{K-l-§ Ä Imc-W-am-bn-¯ s¶ Fhn-s S-
sbÃmw t`mK§Ä e`y-am-Ip-hm³ km[n-¡ptam Ahn-sS-
sbÃmw IÀ½m-\p-k-cWw P\n- ¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. F¶mÂ
bmsXm-cp-¯³ `K-hm-s\-¯s¶ B{K-ln-¡p-¶pthm Cu
PK-¯nsâ kpJ-t`mK§sf shdp-t¸m-Sp-IqSn ho£n- ¨p-I-
gn-bp-¶pthm B hnip-²-amb A´x-Ic - -W-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb
`àsâ FÃm A`n-em-j-§fpw Cu ico- c-¯nÂXs¶ hneo-
\- am-bn- ¯o-cp-¶p. kz]v\-¯nÂt¸mepw Ahsâ ZrjvSn t`mK-
§-fpsS t\tc Db-cp-¶n- Ã. XÂ^-e-ambn Ah\p ac-Wm-\-
´cw \ho\ P·w kzoI-cn-t¡-­-Xmbn hcp-¶n-Ã. Ah³
`K-hms\ {]m]n¨p P\-\-a- cW _Ô-\-§-fn \n¶pw kZm
apà-\m-bn-¯o-cp- ¶p.
kw_Ôw þ Ignª c­p a{´§fn-embn `K-hmsâ ]c-a-
{]n-b-cmb bmsXmcp `à-·m-sc-¸än hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶pthm
AhÀ¡v ]c- am-ßm- hmb ]c-{_Ò ]pcptjm¯-a³ ZÀi\w
\ÂIp¶ Imcyw C\n hnh-cn-¡p-¶p.
3. \mb-amßm {]h-Nt- \\ et`ym
\ ta[bm \ _lp\m {iptX\
btasshj hrWptX tX\ e`yþ
kvXsskyj Bßm hnhr-WptX X\pw kzmw.
bmsXm-cp-¯³ imkv{X-§se ]Tn-¨n«v Bth-i-]qÀ®-
amb {]`m-j-W- §-fn¡qSn ]c-am-ß- X- Xzs¯ \m\m-{]-Im-
c-¯n hÀ®n-¡p-¶pthm B XÀ¡-io-e-\mb _p²n-am\v
At±-ls¯ e`n-¡p-¶n-Ã. bmsXm-cp-¯³ _p²n-am-\m-
sW¶ Al- ¦m-c- ¯m {]a-¯-\mbn XÀ¡- §Ä hgn hnth-
N\w \S¯n At±-ls¯ a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶-Xn\p {ian-¡p-
¶pthm Ah\pw At±-ls¯ a\-Ên-em-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶n-
Ã. AXp-t]mse Xs¶ ]c-am-ß- hn-j-b-¯n hf-sc-b-[nIw
tIÄ¡p-Ibpw {i²n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn«pÅh\pw At±-
ls¯ {]m]n-¡ p-h m³ Ign-b p-¶ n-Ã . bmsXm-c p-¯s\
At±lw kzbw kzoI-cn-¡p-¶pthm Ah\v At±-ls¯
{]m]n-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ At±-ls¯
{]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn\v DXv¡- S-amb CÑ-tbm-Sp-Iq- Sn-bn-cn- ¡p-¶pthm
bmsXm-cp-¯\v At±-l-s¯-Iq-SmsX Pohn-¡p-hm³ km[y-
a-Ãm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm At±lw Ah-sc-¯s¶ kzoI-cn-¡p-
¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ Xsâ _p²n-tbbpw km[-\Itfbpw
B{i-bn-¡msX At±-l-¯nsâ Ir]sb am{Xw {]Xo-£n¨p
Ign- bp-¶pthm A§-s\-bpÅ Ir]m-\nÀ`-c-\mb km[-Isâ
ta ]c-am-ßmhv Ir]-bp-Å-h-\mbn Xsâ tbmK-am-b-bpsS
N P
ad-h-en-¨p-amän Ahsâ ap¶n Xsâ kzcq]w {]Xy-£-s¸- K
Sp-¯n-¡m-Wn-¡p-¶p.
4. \mb-amßm _e-lo-t\\ et`y
\ N {]am-Zm-¯-]tkm hm]y-en-MvKm-Xv.
GssX-cp-]m-ssbÀb-XtX bkvXp hnZzmwþ
kvXsskyj Bßm hnitX {_Ò-[m-a.
Cu {]I-c-W-¯n ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶ AJn-e-¯n-tâbpw
Bß-cq- ]- amb ]c-{_Ò ]c- ta-iz-cs\ D]m-k-\m- _- e- an-Ãm¯
a\p-jy\p {]m]n- ¡p-hm³ Ign- bp-¶n- Ã. kakvX t`mK-§-tfm-
Sp-apÅ Bi-bp-t]-£n¨v GI-am-{X-\mb ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ
D¡-Sa - mb A`n-em-j-t¯m-Sp-IqSn \nc-´cw hnip-²-`m-h-
t¯m-Sp-IqSn Xsâ CjvS-tZ-hs\ Nn´n-¡p-¶Xv D]m-k-\m-
_-es¯ k©-bn-¡-em-Ip-¶p. C{]-Im-c-apÅ _e-¯mÂ
cln-X-\m-b- h\v At±- ls¯ e`n- ¡p-¶n-Ã. CXp-t]m-se- Xs¶
IÀ¯hy XymK-cq-]a - m-Ip¶ {]am-Zw-sIm­pw At±lw
{]m]y- \-Ãm-Xm-bn- ¯o-cp-¶p. AXp-t]mse kmXzn- I-e- £- W- §-
fm cln-X- amb kwbacq-]-X-]-Êp-sIm­v Hcp km[-I\p
{]m]n-¡ p- h m³ Ign-b p-¶ n-à . F¶m _p²n-a m- \ mb
km[I³ ]qÀtÆm-à-§-fmb D]m-b-§-fnÂIqSn ]cn-{i-an-
¨v, AXm-bXv {]am-Z-c-ln-X-\mbn D¡- S-amb A`n- em-j-t¯m-
Sp-I qSn \nc-´cw B ]c-ta-iz-cs\ D]m-k n-¡p-¶ pthm
Ahsâ Bßmhv ]c-{_Ò-]-c-am-ßm-hn {]th-in-¡p-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ ap³]-dª coXn-bn ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-
¨n-«pÅ alm-]p-cp-j-·m-cpsS al-Xzs¯ hÀ®n-¡p-¶p.
5. kw{]m-ss]y-\-ar-jtbm Úm\-Xr]vXmx
IrXm-ßmt\m hoX-cmKmx {]im´mx
tX kÀÆKw kÀh-Xx {]m]y [ocm
bpàm-ßm\x kÀÆ-ta-hm-hn-i-´n.
hnip-²-amb A´x-I-c-W-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-hcpw kÀÆYm
Bk-àn-c-ln-X-cp-amb alÀjn-KWw ap³sNm¶ coXn-bnÂ
Cu ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-cs\ \¶mbn {]m]n-¨n«v Úm\-
¯m Xr]vX-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. AhÀ¡p bmsXmcphn[-¯n-
ep-apÅ A`m-h¯ - ntâbpw t_m[w D­m-Ip-¶n-Ã. ChÀ
]qÀ®-Im-a-·mcpw ]caim´- ·m-cp-ambn Pohn-¡p-¶p. AhÀ
X¶- ¯ms\ ]c- am-ßm-hp- ambn _Ô- s¸«v At±-ls¯ FÃm
`mK- ¯p- \n¶pw {]m]n¨p \nXy- {_- Ò- ¯n ]qÀ®-ambn {]hn-
jvS-am-Ip-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ C{]-Imcw ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n¨ alm-]p-cp-
j-· m-c psS aln-asb hÀ®n-¨ -tijw {_Ò-t em-I-¯n-
tebv¡p t]mbn-«pÅ alm-]p- cp-j-·m-cpsS apànsb hÀ®n-
¡p-¶p.
6. thZm´ hnÚm\ kp\n-Ýn-XmÀ°mx
k¶ym-k-tbm-KmZv bXbx ip²-k¯zmx
tX {_Ò-tem-tIjp ]cm-´-Imte
]cm-arXmx ]cn-ap-Ny´n kÀth.
 90
I bmsXm-cp-¯³ thZm´ imkv{Xs¯ kayIv Úm\-
Zzmcm AXnsâ AÀ°-k z-c q-] -a mb ]c-a m-ß m-h ns\
\¶mbpw ZrV- ambpw a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶pthm XYm IÀ½-^-e-
¯n- tâbpw IÀ½m-k-àn-bp-tSbpw XymK-cq-]-tbm-K-cq-]-
t¯m-Sp-IqSn bmsXm-cp-¯sâ A´x-Ic - Ww XnI¨pw ip²-
am-bn-¯o-cp-¶pthm A§-s\-bpÅ {]b-X\ v -io-ec
- mb km[-
IÀ ac-W-Im-e-¯n ico-cs¯ XyPn¨p ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-
ßm-hnsâ Znhy-k-t¦- X-¯n {]th-in-¡p-Ibpw AhnsS ]c-
am-ar-X-kz-cq-]-\mbn kmwkm-c-_-Ô-\-¯n \n¶pw \nXy-
ambn apàn {]m]n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
kw_-Ô w- þ -bm-sXm-cp-¯sâ ]c-amß {]m]vXn CtX ico-c-
¯n¯s¶ D­m-Ip-¶p. A´y-Im-e¯v Ah-sâ ØnXn
F§-s\-bp-Å-Xm-bn-cn¡pw? Cu B{K- l-¯n\p adp-]Sn ]d-
bp¶p þ
7. KXmx Ipemx ]©-Zi
- -{]-XnjvTm
tZhmÝ kÀth {]Xn-tZ-h-Xmkp!
IÀ½mWn hnÚm-\-abÝ Bßm
]tchytb kÀh GIo-`-h-´n.
B alm ]pcp-jsâ tZlm´y ka-b¯v ]Xn-\©p Ie-
Ifpw a\-tÊm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bpÅ FÃm tZh-X-Ifpw þ Ch-sbÃmw
AXm-Xp-I-fpsS tI{µ-i-àn-I-fnÂt¸mbn ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p.
Athm- Sp-IqSn B Poh-·p-à\p bmsXmcp _Ô- §fpw Ah-
ti-jn-¡p-¶n-Ã. A\-´cw Ahsâ kakvX IÀ½-§fpw
hnÚm-\-a-b-amb Pohm-ßmhpw þ FÃmw ]ca Ahn-\m-in-
bmb ]c-{_-Ò-¯n eo\-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ Pohm-ßmhp ]c- {_- Ò- ¯n F{]-Imcw eo\am-
Ip¶p? C¡mcyw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p.
8. bYm \Zyx kyµ-am\mx kapt{Z
kvXw KÑ´n \ma-cqt] hnlmb
XYm hnZzm³ \ma-cq-]mZv hnapàx
]cm-Xv]cw ]pcp-j-ap-ss]Xn Znhyw.
Hgp-In-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p¶ \Zn- IÄ Ah-bpsS \ma-cq-]- §Ä
FÃmw XyPn¨v F{]- Imcw kap-{Z- ¯n ebn-¨p-tN-cp-¶pthm
A§-s\- Xs¶ Úm\n- IÄ \ma- cq-]-c-ln- X-cmbn ]cm-]c Znhy
]pcp-j- \mb ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hn eo\-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
9. k tbm l ssh XXv]-caw {_Ò thZ {_ssÒ ap\n-amsc \a-k¡
h `hXn \mkym-{_-Ò-hn-XvIpte `h-Xn. XcXn kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p.
timIw XcXn ]m]v a m\w Kplm- { K- Ù nt`ym
hnaptàmartXm `h-Xn.
bmsXm-cp-¯³ B ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hns\ Adn-bp-
¶pthm Ah³ {_Òw Xs¶ Bbn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ahsâ
hwi- ¯nÂ, AXm-bXv Ahsâ k´m- \- §- fn Bcpw-Xs¶
{_Òs¯ Adn-bm-¯-h-cmbn ImWp-Ib - n-Ã. Ah³ FÃm
{]Im-c-¯n-ep-apÅ timI-§-fnÂ\n¶pw Nn´- I-fnÂ\n¶pw
N P
kÀÆYm AI¶p Pohn-¡p-¶p. FÃm ]m]-k-©-b-§-
K
fnÂ\n¶pw ]qÀ®-ambpw IS- ¶p- t]m- Ip- ¶p. lrZ-b- ¯n-epÅ
FÃm kwib-§fpw Al-¦mc§fpw hnj-bm-k-àn-Ifpw
thtcmsS \in-¸n¨v Aa-c-\m-bn-¯o-cp¶p; P\\ ac-W-c-ln-
X-\m- bn-¯o-cp- ¶p.
kw_-Ô w-þ Cu {_Ò-hn-Zy-bpsS Ah-Im-insb hÀ®n-
¡p-¶p.
XtZ-X-Zr-Nm-`yp-àwþ
10. {Inbm-h´x t{im{Xnbm {_Ò-\njvTmx
kzbw PplzX GIÀjnw {i²-b´x
tXjm tasshXmw {_Ò-hnZymw htZX
intcm-{hXw hn[n-h-ssZykvXp No˨w.
bmsXm-¶ns\ Cu D]-\n-j-¯n hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p- ¶pthm
B {_Ò-hn-Zysb kw_-Ôn¨v Hcp Imcyw a{´- Zzmcm hyà-
am- ¡n-bn- cn-¡p- ¶p. bmsXm-cp- ¯³ Xsâ hÀ®-¯n\pw B{i-
a-¯n\pw ]cn-X-Øn-Xn¡pw A\p-k-c-Wa - mbn \njvIm-a-`m-
h-t¯msS bYm-tbmKyw IÀ½- §Ä A\pjvTn¡p-¶pthm
thZ-¯nse bYmÀ° cl-ky-§sf Adn- bp-Ibpw ]c- {_Ò
]c-am-ßm-hns\ D]m-kn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm AXnsâ
PnÚm-kp-hp-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯ ³ kzbw
""GIÀjn'' F¶ \ma-¯m {]kn-²-amb t{]mÖz-en-Xm-án-
bn imkv{X-hn-[n-b\ - p-k-cn¨v {i²-tbm-Sp-IqSn lh\w
sN¿p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯³ hn[n-{]-Imcw {_Ò-Ncyw
]men-¨n-cn-¡p-¶pthm Ah-\p-am{Xw Cu {_Ò-hnZy D]-tZ-
in-¨p- sIm- Sp- ¡-Ww.
11. XtZ-X Xv kXy-ar-j n-c -Mv Kn-c mxh ]ptcm-hmN
ss\X-Z-NoÀ®-{htXm[otX. \ax ]c-a-Ej - nt`ym
\ax ]c-a-Ej - n-`yx.
{_Ò-hn-Zym-cq-]a
- m-Ip¶ Cu kXys¯ BZyw AwKn-
cÊp alÀjn apI-fn ]d-ªn-cn¡pw {]Imcw iu\-Ia - -
lÀjn¡v D]-tZ-in-¨p-sIm-Sp-¯p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ hn[n-
]qÀÆw {_Ò-N-cys¯ ]men-¡p-¶n-Ãtbm Ah\v CXp ]Tn-
¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶n-Ã. AXm-bXv CXnsâ KqVmÀ°w
{Kln-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶n-Ã. alm-ap-\n-amÀ¡p \a-k¡
v mcw,
alm-ap-\n-amÀ¡p \a-kv¡m-cw. C{]-Imcw c­-p{]m-hiyw
v -cn-¨p-sIm­v {KÙ-¯nsâ A´ys¯
im´n- ] mTw
Hmw `{Zw IÀt®`nx {iWp-bma tZhm `{Zw
]tiy am£m-` n-cy-P{Xmx
Ønssc-c-MvssK-k vXp-j vSphmw kkvX-\q-
`nÀhytia tZh-lnXw bZmbpx
 91

I kzkvXn \ Ct{µm hr²-{ihmx kzkvXn \x Hmw im´nx ! im´nx ! im´nx !!! K

]pjm hniz-thZmx
CXnsâ AÀ°w Cu D]-\n-j-¯nsâ Bcw-`-¯nÂ
kzkvXn \kvXmÀt£ym Acn-jvS-t\anx
sImSp-¯n-«p-­v.
kzkvXn t\m _rl-kX v ]
- nÀZ-[m-Xp.

1 amÞqtIym- ] - \ n- j ¯v 3
im´n- ] mTw fn¡qSn Ncn-¡p- hm³ km[n- ¡p-¶p. AXn- \m Ah- tcmSpw
{]mÀ°n-¡p-¶Xv DNn-X-am-bn- cn-¡pw). AJne temI-§-fnepw
Hmw `{Zw IÀt®`nx {iWp-bma tZhm `{Zw
kpb-it- Êm-Sp-Iq-Snb tZh-cm-P³ C{µ³, kÀÆ-Ú-\mb
]tiy am£m-` n-cy-P{Xmx
]pjm, Acn-jSv -\n-hm-c-I-\mb XmÀ£y³, (K-cp-U³) _p²n-
Ønssc-c-MvssK-kvX p-j vS phmw cm-P-\mb _rl-k] v Xn þ Cu FÃm tZh-X-Ifpw `K-hmsâ
kkvX\ - q-`nÀhytia tZh-lnXw bZmbpx Znhy-hn- `q-Xn-IÄ BIp- ¶p. ChÀ Ft¸mgpw \½psS sFizcy
kzkvXn \ Ct{µm hr²-{ihmx kzkvXn \x s¯ hÀ²n-¸n-¡-tW. Ch-cpsS Ir]- bm \ap¡v Ft¸mgpw
]pjm hniz-thZmx awKfw D­m-bn-s¡m-­n-cn-¡-tW. B²ym-ßn-Ihpw B[n-
kzkvXn \kvXmÀt£ym Acn-jvS-t\anx ssZ- hn- Ihpw B[n`uXn- Ihpw BbpÅ FÃm Xm]-§Ä¡pw
kzkvXn t\m _rl-kX v ]
- nÀZ-[m-Xp. im´n D­m-I-tW.
Hmw im´nx ! im´nx ! im´nx !!! 1. Hman-tXy-Z£
- -c-anZw kÀÆw Xtkym-]h - ym-Jym\w
Kpcp-Ip- e- ¯n hnZy A`y-kn-¡p¶ injy³ Xsâ Kpcp, `qXw `h-Zv`h
- n-jy-ZnXn kÀÆ-tam-¦mc Gh. b¨m-
kl-]m-Tn, am\-h-Ipew ChÀ¡p awK-f-ap-­m- Ip- ¶-Xn-\p tZh- \yXv {XnIm-em-XoXw XZ-t]ym-¦mc Gh.
X-I-tfmSp {]mÀ°n-¡p-¶p. tl tZh-K-W-§tf! R§Ä Cu D]- \n- j-¯n ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ ka{K cq]-
kz´w IÀ®-§ -f n¡qSn awK-f -I -c -a mb hN-\ -§ Ä X- Xzs¯ {Kln- ¸n- ¡p-¶- Xn\v At±-ls¯ \mep ]mZ-§- fmbn
tIÄ¡- tW. \nµ, apJ- kX v p-Xn, Ak`yw AXp- t]m-epÅ aäp k¦-ev]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. \ma-¯n-tâbpw \man-bp-tSbpw GI-
]m]-I-c-§-fmb kwK-Xn-IÄ Ch R§-fpsS IÀ®-§-fn Xsb {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶-Xn\p {]W-h-¯nsâ A, D, av þ Cu
]Xn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡-tW. R§-fpsS kz´w PohnXw bmK-]-cm- aq¶p am{X-I-tfmSpw am{Xm- c-ln-X-amb At±-l- ¯nsâ Ahy-
b-Wa - mbn `hn-¡-tW. R§Ä kZm `K-hZ- m-cm-[-\-I-fn à-cq-]-t¯mSpw IqSn ]c-{_Ò ]ctaizcsâ Hmtcm ]mZ-
hym]r-X-cm-bn-cn-¡-tW. IÀ®-§ÄsIm­p {ihn-¡-am{Xw ¯n\p XpeyX ImWn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. C{]Imcw Cu a{´-
sN¿msX t\{X-§ÄsIm­pw kZm awK-f-IÀ½- §sf ¯n ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-am-ßm-hnsâ HmwIm-c-am-Ip¶ \mas¯
ZÀi\w sN¿-tW. GsX-¦nepw Aaw-K-f-Im-cn-tbm \mi-¯n- ka-{K-]p-cp-tjm-¯-a-\n \n¶pw A`n-¶-am-bn-¡-cpXn "Hmw'
te¡p ]Xn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn- ¡p- ¶tXm Bb ImgvN-IÄ R§Ä F¶ Cu A£cw Xs¶ ]qÀ®-{_-Òhpw Ahn-\m- in-bmb
ZÀin-¡m-Xn-cn-¡- tW. R§- fpsS FÃm Ah-b-h-§fpw kpZr- ]c- am-ßmhpw F¶p ]d- b- s¸-«n-cn- ¡p-¶p. {]Xy-£- ambn ImW-
Vhpw AXy-[nIw ]pjvS-hp-am-bn-¯o-c-tW. R§-fpsS s¸-S p¶ Cu PU-tN-X -\ -I-fpsS kap-Zm-b -cq-]-am-Ip¶
PohnXw t`mK-hn-em-k-§-fnepw {]am-Z-§-fnepw IqSn IS-¶p- k¼qÀ®-P-K¯v At±-l-¯nsâ \nI-S-X- a-amb aln-a-bpsS
t]m-Im- Xn-cn- ¡- tW. `K- hm\p {]tbm-P-\-I-c- am-I-¯-¡-hn- [- ¯n- \nZÀi-\-am-Ip-¶p. bmsXmcp Øqehpw kq£va-hp-amb
epÅ BbpÊp R§Ä¡p e`n-¡-tW. (tZ-h-IÄ \½psS PK¯v DÛ-hn-¨n«v At±-l-¯n¯s¶ hneo-\-am-bn-¡-gn-
FÃm C{µn-b§ - -fnepw hym]n¨v AXnsâ kwc-£-Whpw ªp-thm-bm-sXm¶v Cu kabw hÀ¯-am-\-am-bn-c n-¡p-
kwNm-e-\hpw \S-¯p-¶p. AhÀ¡-\p-Iq-e-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp- ¶pthm bmsXm¶v At±- l-¯nÂ\n¶pw D­m- Ip-hm-\n-cn-¡p-
sIm­v \½psS C{µn-b§ - Ä¡v kpK-a-ambn k·mÀ¤-§- ¶pthm Ah-sbÃmw HmwIm-cw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. AXm-bXv

N P
 92
I ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-am-ß mhp Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶ p. AXp-t]mse
bmsXm¶v {XnIm-e-§Ä¡pw AXo-X-ambn CXnÂ\n¶pw
`n¶-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXpw HmwImcw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p.
AXm-bXv Imc-Ww, kq£vaw, Øqew þ Cu aq¶p t`Z-§-
tfmSpw IqSnb PK¯pw CXns\ hln-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p.
]c-{_-Ò¯- nsâ bmsXm-cwiw CXnsâ Bß-cq-]-¯nepw
B[m-c-cq-]-¯nepw {]Im-in-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶pthm ]c-am-
ßm-hnsâ B kzcq]w A{X Xs¶-bÃ; At±lw AXn-
t\¡mÄ thdn-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXp-sIm­v At±-l-¯nsâ
k]vj-S-am-bn-cn-¡p¶ Awihpw AXn-¶-Xo-X- ambn asä-s´-
Ãm-apt­m AsXÃmw IqSn-bm am{Xta ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-am-ßm-
hnsâ ka-{K-amb cq]-am-Ip-¶p-Åq.
bmsXm-cp-¯³ ]c-{_-Òs¯ kmIm-c-amtbm \ncm-Im-c-
atbm AYhm kÀÆYm \nÀhn-ti-j-amtbm am{Xw Icp-Xp-
¶pthm At±-ls¯ kÀÆ-Ú-X, kÀÆm-[m-c-X, kÀÆ-Im-
c-W-X, B\-µw, hnÚm\w apX-emb kÂKp-W-§-fmÂ
k¼¶s\¶p {Kln- ¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AhscÃmw B ]c-
{_-Ò¯ - nsâ Hmtcmtcm Awi-s¯-am{Xw ]c-am-ßm-hmbn
{Kln-¡p-¶p. ]qÀ®-{_Ò ]c-am-ßmhp kmIm-c\pw \ncm-
Im- c\pw BIp-¶p. AXp-t]m- se-Xs¶ kmImc \cm-Imc cq]-
§Ä c­nÂ\n¶pw cln-X\pw BIp-¶p. ]qÀ®-cq-]-t¯m-
Sp-Iq-Snb Cu PK¯v At±-l-¯nsâ Xs¶ kzcq-]-am-Ip-
¶p. F¶m At±lw CXnÂ\n¶pw kÀÆYm `n¶\pw
BIp-¶p. At±lw kÀÆ-Kp-W-cl - n-X\pw \nÀhn-ti-j\pw
kÀÆ-Kp-W-k-¼-¶\pw þ Bbn-cp-¶n-«p-IqSn At±-ls¯
kÀÆmw-K-]qÀ®-s\¶p KWn-¡p-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ FÃmw HmwIm-c-am-Ip-¶-sX- §s\? AtX-¸än
]d-bp-¶p.
2. kÀÆw tlyXZv {_Òm-b-amßm {_Òtkm
bamßm NXp-jv]m-Xv.
Cu k¼qÀ®-amb PK¯v {_Ò-¯nÂ\n¶pw H«pw-
Xs¶ `n¶-amb H¶- Ã. FÃmw {_Òhpw HmwImcw AXnsâ
\mahpw Bb-Xp-Im-cWw \man-b nÂ\n¶pw A`n-¶hpw
BIp-¶p. C¡mcyw BZy- a-{´- ¯nÂXs¶ ]d-ªp-I- gn-ªn-
cn-¡p¶p; F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m Cu ]qÀ®-{]-]©w B ]c-
{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-csâ ico-chpw At±lw CXnsâ A´-cym-
an-bmb Bßmhpw BIp-¶p. AXn-\m B kÀÆm-ßm-hp-
Xs¶ {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p. B ]c-am-ßmhp apt¼ ]d-ª- t]mse
\mep ]mZ-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\m-Ip-¶p. hmkvX-h-¯n AJ-
WvU\pw \nc- h-b-h- \p- amb B ]c-{_-Ò-]- c- am- ßm- hns\ \mep
]mZ-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bh
- ³ F¶p ]d-bp¶Xp icn-bà - . F¶n-
cp-¶mepw At±-ls¯ ka-{K-cq-]-¯n hymJym-\n-¡p-¶Xv
At±-l-¯nsâ kv]jvS-X-bpsS {]Im-c-t`-Z-§sf {ipXnI
fn ]e Øm\¯pw \mep ]mZ-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³ F¶p
hn`m-h\w sNbvXn-«p-­v. AtX ho£-W-¯n¯s¶ Chn-
sSbpw {ipXn ]dbp-¶p.
N P
3. PmK-cn-XØ
- mt\m _ln-jv{]Úx k]vXmMvK K
GtIm-\ - h nw-i -X n-apJx Øqe-` p-Kvs sh- i zm-\ cx
{]Yax ]mZx
]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hn\v B \mep ]mZ-§Ä F§s\
F{]-Imcw D­mbn? Cu Imcyw {Kln-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\p Pohm-
ßm-hn-sâbpw AXnsâ Øqe-kq-£va-Im-cW ico-c-§-fp-
tSbpw DZm-l-cWw hgn B ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ ]mZ-§-fpsS
hÀ®\ {Ia-ambn sN¿p-¶p. Ah-bn BZy-]m-Zs¯ Cu
a{´- ¯n hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. F{]-Imcw Pm{K-Z-h-Ø -bnÂ
Cu Øqeicoc-¯nsâ Alw-Im-cn-bmb Pohm-ßmhv inc-
Êp-ap-X ]mZw hsc Ggv AwK-§-fm bpà-ambn Øqe-
hn- j-b-§sf D]-t`m-Kn-¡p- ¶-Xn- \pÅ Zzmc-cq-]-§- fmb ]¯n-
{µn- b- §fpw A©p-{]m-W\pw \mev A´xIcW-§fpw þ C{]-
Imcw B ]s¯m³]Xp apJ§fn¡qSn hnjb§sf
A\p-`-hn-¡ p-I bpw AXnsâ Adnhp _mly-P-K-¯ nÂ
hym]n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm AtX-{]-Imcw
Xs¶ k]vX- temI cq]§fm-Ip¶ k]vXmwK§fpw C{µnb
kaq- l hpw {]mW\pw A ´x- I - c - W hpw þ C§s\
]s¯m³]Xp apJ-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb Cu Øqe-P-K-{Zp-]-am-
Ip¶ ico-c- ¯nsâ Bßmhv þ bmsXm-cp- ¯³ FÃm tZh- X-
Ifpw ]nXr¡fpw a\p-jycpw Bb kakvX Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw
t{]c-I\pw kzman-bp-am-b-Xp-Im-cWw Cu Øqe PK-¯nsâ
ÚmXmhpw t`màm-hp-am-bn-cn- ¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp- ¯sâ
{]Im-i\w Cu {_Òm-WU v -¯n kw`-hn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-
¶pthm AXv kÀÆ-cq] sshizm-\-c-\mb B ]c-{_Ò ]c-
ta-iz-csâ H¶m-as¯ ]mZ-am-Ip-¶p.
Cu hniz-t¯bpw AXnse a\p-jy-tcbpw Iq«n sshizm-
\-cy³ F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Cu hypev]¯n A\p-k- cn¨v Øqe-
P-{Zp] ico-ct- ¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb kÀÆ-cq-]\
- mb PK-Zo-iz-cs\
ChnsS sshizm-\-c³ F¶p hnfn-¡p-¶p.
4. kz]v\-Ømt\m´x {]Úx k]vXmwK GtIm-
\- h nw- i - X n- a pJx {]hn- h n- à - ` pIv ssXPtkm
ZznXobx ]mZx
Cu a{´-¯n ]qÀ®-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ c­m-
as¯ ]mZs¯ hÀ®n-¡p-¶p. F{]-Imcw kz]v\m-h-Ø-
bn kq£v a-i-co-c-¯nsâ A`n-am-\n-bmb Pohm-ßmhv
t\ct¯ ]d-ª-Xp-t]mse kq£va-§-fmb Ggw-K-§-tfmSv
]s¯m³]Xp apJ-§-tfm-Spw-IqSn kq£va hnj-b§ - sf
D]t`mKw sN¿p-Ibpw AXn¯s¶ AXnsâ Úm\w
hym]n-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm AtX {]Imcw Xs¶
bmsXm¶v Øqem-h-Ø -bn \n¶p `n¶-ambn kq£va-cq-]-
¯n ]cn-W-an¨p k]vX-tem-I-cq-]a
- b k]vXmw-K-§fpw
XYm C{µn- b w, {]mW³ , A ´ - I x- I - c - W - c q- ] - a mb
]s¯m³]Xp apJ-§-fm bpà-amb kq£va PK-{Zp-]-am-
Ip¶ ico-c-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ AXnsâ Bßmhv lnc-
Wy-KÀ`-am-Ip-¶p. AXv kakvX PU-tN-X-\m-ß-I§ - -fmb
kq£va-P-K-¯nsâ ka-kvX-X-Xz-§-fp-tSbpw \nb-´mhpw
ÚmXmhpw AJn-e-t¯bpw X¶n-tebv¡v {]thin¸n-¨p-
 93
I sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶-h-\p-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m AXnsâ t`màm
hpw ]cn-N-b¡
- m-c\pw F¶p ]d-bs- ¸-Sp-¶p. Cu tXPÊv
AXm-b-Xv kq£va-{]-Im-i-amb lncWy KÀ`w B ]qÀ®
{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ c­m-as¯ ]mZ-am-Ip-¶p.
5. b{X-kp]vtXm \ I©\ Imaw Ima-btX
\ I©\
kz]v\w ]iyXn XÕpjp]vXw.
kpjp-] vX -Ø m\ GIo
`qXx {]Úm-\-L\ Ghm-\-µ-atbm
lym\µ `pIv
tNtXm-apJx {]mÚ-kvXr-Xobx ]mZx.
Cu a{´- ¯n Pm{K-Z-h-Ø-bpsS Imc-Ww, ebm-hØ
cq]-amb kpjp]vXn Ch-tbm-Sp-IqSn {]f-b-Im-e-¯n ØnX-
amb PK- ¯nsâ kam-\-Xsb ImWn- ¡p-¶-Xn\p th­n BZy-
ambn kp{]-kn-²-amb kpjp-]X v y-h-Ø -bpsS e£Ww ]d-
ªn«p ]n¶oSp ]qÀ®-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ aq¶m-as¯
]mZw hÀ®n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. bmsXm-c-h-Ø-bn Dd-§n-s¡m-
­n-cn-¡p¶ a\p-jy³ bmsXm-cp-hn[ t`mK-§tfm B{K-l-
§tfm A\p- `- h- §tfm {]m]n-¡m-cn- Xn-cn- ¡p-¶pthm AXp-t]m-
se-Xs¶ bmsXm-cp-X-c-¯n-epapÅ kz]v\-§fpw ImWm-Xn-
cn-¡p-¶pthm A§-s\-bpÅ B Ah-Øsb kpjp-]vXn-
sb¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Cu kpjp-]X v n¡p kZr-i-ambn bmsXm
¶pw {]f-b-Im-e¯ - n PK-¯nsâ Imc-Wm-h-Ø-bm-bn-cp-
¶pthm bmsXm- ¶n \m\m "cq]' §fpsS {]kv]-jvSX CÃm-
Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm A§-s\-bpÅ Ahyà {]Ir-Xn-Xs¶
bmsXm-¶nsâ ico-c-am- bn-cp-¶pthm AXp-t]mse bmsXm¶v
AZzn-Xob cq]-¯n ØnX-am-bn-cp-¶pthm D]-\n-j-¯p-I-
fn bmsXm-¶nsâ hÀ®\w Nne-bn-S¯v "kXv' F¶
t]cnepw aäp-Nn-eb - n-S¯v Bßm-sh¶ t]cnepw {]I-S-am-Ip-
¶pthm bmsXm-¶nsâ GI-am-{X-tN-X\ ({]-Im-iw) Xs¶
apJ-am-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw B\µw Xs¶ t`mP- \-am-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw
sN¿p-¶pthm B hnÚm-\m-µa - mb {]mÚ Xs¶ B
]qÀ® {_Ò-¯nsâ aq¶m-as¯ ]mZ-am-Ip-¶-X.v
kw_Ôw þ apIfn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶ {_Ò-¯nsâ ]mZ-
§-fmb sshizm-\-cw, ssXP-kw, {]mÚw Ch BcpsS
t]cm-Ip-¶p. CXns\ hnh-cn- ¡p-¶p.
6. Gj kÀth-izc Gj kÀÆÚ Gtjm´cym-
tayj tbm\nx kÀÆky {]`m- h m-] ybu ln
`qXm-\mw.
bmsXmcp ]c-ta-iz-c³ aq¶p ]mZ-§-fpsS cq]-¯nÂ
hÀ®n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶pthm At±lw k¼qÀ® Cuiz-c-
tâbpw Cuiz-c³ BIp-¶p. At±lw Xs¶ kÀÆ-Ú\pw
FÃm-än-tâbpw A´-cym-an-bp-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. At±lw Xs¶
AJne PK-¯n-tâbpw Imc-W-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. F´p-sIm-
s­- ¶m FÃm Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw D¸-¯nbpw ØnXnbpw
ebhpw Bb Øm\w At±lw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. A]qÀÆ-
hÀ®n-X-§-fmb sshizm-\-cw, ssXP-kw, {]mÚw Ch-
N P
sbÃmw ]c-ta-iz-csâ \ma-§Ä Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. {]tXyIw K
{]tXyIw ØnXn- I-fn At±-l-¯nsâ hÀ®\w `n¶ `n¶
\ma-§-fm sN¿-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ C\n ]qÀ®-{_Ò ]c- am-ßm-hnsâ \mem-as¯
]mZs¯ hÀ®n-¡p-¶p.
7. \m´x-{]Úw \ _ln-j v {]Úw t\m`-b Xx
{]Úw \ {]Úm-\-L \w \ {]Úw \m{]-
Úw. AZr-jvS-a-hy-h-lm-cy-a-{Km-lya e£-Wa - -
Nn-´ y-a-hy-] -tZ-i yta Imß-{]-X y-bkmcw {]]-
t©m- ] - i aw im´w inh- a- s sZzXw NXpÀYw
a\yt´ k Bßm k hntÚ-b:
Cu a{´-¯n \nÀKpW \ncm-Im-c-\nÀhn-tij kzcq-
]s¯ ]qÀ®- {_- Ò- ]- c- am- ßm-hnsâ \mem- as¯ ]mZw F¶p
]d- ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. bmsXm- ¶nsâ Úm\w shfn- bnÂ\n¶pw
AI-¯p-\n¶pw c­p-h-i-§-fn \n¶pw e`y-a-Ãm-Xn-cn-¡p-
¶pthm bmsXm¶v Úm\-kz-cq-]-ambncn¡p-¶n-Ãtbm Adn-
b-s¸-Sm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm¶v ZrjvSn-tKm-N-c-am-bn-cn-¡p-
¶n-Ãtbm bmsXm-¶n-s\-¸än Nn´n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw ]d-bp-¶-
Xn\pw km[y-a-Ãm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-¶n\v bmsXmcp
e£-W-hp-an-Ãm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-¶n FÃm {]]-©-
¯n-sâbpw A`mhw D­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-¶nÂ
GI-am{X ]c-{_Ò k¯-bpsS {]XoXn {]am-W-am-bn-cn-¡p-
¶p-thm-þ-C-§s\ kÀÆYm im´hpw Ieym-W-a-b-hp-amb
AZzn-Xo-b-XXzw ]qÀ®- {_- Ò-¯nsâ \mem- as¯ ]mZw F¶p
Icp-Xp-¶p. C{]- Imcw bmsXm-¶ns\ \mep ]mZ-§-fmbn hn`-
Pn¨v hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶pthm At±lw ]qÀ®-]-c-{_-Ò-am-Ip-
¶p. At±-l-s¯- ¯s¶ Adn-b-Ww.
hmkvX-h-¯n Ah-b -h-c-l n-X-\mb ]c-am-ßm-h n\v
bmsXmcp `mK-hp-an-söp kv]jvS-am-Ip-¶p. bmsXmcp
]qÀ®-{_-Ò] - -c-am-ßmhv Øqe-P-K-¯n ]cn-]qÀ®-\m-bn-
cn-¡p-¶pthm At±lw Xs¶ kq£vahpw Imc-W-P-K-
¯nsâ A´-cym-anbpw A[n-jvTm-Xmhpw BIp-¶p. AXp-
t]mse At±lw Xs¶ Ch-sb-Ãm-¯nÂ\n¶pw thdn«v
\nÀhn-tij ]c-am-ßm-hmbpw Ccn-¡p-¶p. At±lw kÀÆ-
i-àn-am\pw FÃm iàn-I-fnÂ\n¶pw cln-X\pw BIp-¶p.
At±lw kKp-W\pw \nÀKp-W-\p-amWv; kmIm-c\pw \ncm-
Im-c-\p-am-Wv. hmkvX-h¯- n At±lw \½psS _p²n¡pw
Nn´bv¡pw kÀÆYm AXo-X-\m-Ip-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ ap³]-dª ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hns\ hmN-I-
amb {]W-h-t¯m-Sp-IqSn GIo-I-cn-¨p-sIm­p ]d-bp¶p þ
8. tkmbam-ßm-²y-£-c-tamw-Imtcm[nam{Xw ]mZm-
am{Xm am{XmÝ ]mZm AImc DImtcm aImc
CXn.
\mep ]mZ-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn hÀ®n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶ B ]c-
{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hv, ChnsS A£-c-¯nsâ {]I-c-W-¯nÂ
Xsâ \ma-¯nÂ\n¶pw A`n-¶-am-b-Xp-Im-cWw aq¶p-am-{X-
I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb HmwIm-c-am-Ip-¶p. A, D, av þ Cu aq¶p-am-{X-
 94

I IÄ Xs¶ At±-l-¯nsâ D]-cyp-à-amb aq¶p-]m-Z-§fpw CXpt]mse Xs¶ sshizm- \- c-t\- ¡mÄ ssXPkw (ln-c-Wy- K
At±-l-¯nsâ aq¶p ]mZ-§Ä Xs¶ HmwIm- c- ¯nsâ aq¶p- KÀ`w) DXvIr-jSv hpw XYm sshiz-t\-c-tâbpw {]mÚ-bp-
am-{X-Ifpw BIp- ¶p. F{]-Imcw HmwIm-c-¯n\p kz´w am{X- tSbpw a[y-K- X- am- b- Xn- \m AXv D`b kw_-Ô- Cbpw BIp-
I-fnÂ\n¶p thdn-«n-cn-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶n-Ãtbm AtX- {]- ¶p. Cu kam-\X ImcWw Xs¶ "D' "ssXPkw' F¶
Imcw Xs¶ Xsâ ]mZ-§-fnÂ\n¶pw ]c-am-ßmhv thdn«p t]cn ZzXob ]mZ-ambn ]d-bs - ¸-Sp-¶p. Cu Øqe-P-K-
\n¡p-¶n-Ã. ChnsS ]mZ-¯n-tâbpw am{X-bp-tSbpw GIX ¯nsâ {]Xy-£-Xbv¡p ap³]p ]ctaizcsâ BZn- k-¦-ev]-
Hm¦mcw hgn-bmbn ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hns\ D]m-kn-¡p-¶- Zzmcm bmsXmcp kq£v akrjvSn D¸-¶-am-bn-cp-¶pthm
Xn-\p-th­n sN¿-s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶p þ C§s\ tXm¶p-¶p. bmsXm-¶nsâ hÀ®\w am\-k-krjvSn F¶ t]cn hcp-
¶pthm bmsXm-¶n kakvX XXz-§fpw X·m-{X-If - psS
kw_Ôw þ HmwIm-c-¯nsâ GXp-am-{Xbpw {_Ò-¯nsâ
cq]-¯n hkn-¡p-¶pthm Øqe-cq-]-¯Â ]cn-W-an-¡m-
GXp-]m-Zhpw GI-cq-]-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv F´p-sIm­v? CXn-
Xn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, B kq£va PK-{Zq-]-i-co-c-¯n tNX-\m-
\p-ta aq¶p- am-{X-I-fpsS clkyw a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶-Xn\v {]Y-
{]-Im-i-kz-cq-]-ln-c-Wy-KÀ` ]c-ta-iz-c³ CXnsâ A[n-jT v m-
a-ambn BZy-]m-Z- ¯n- tâbpw BZy-am-{X-bp-tSbpw GI-Xsb
Xm-hmbn hkn-¡p-Ibpw Imc-W-P-K¯pw Øqe-P-K¯pw þ
{]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p.
Ch-c-­nepw \n¶p-Xs¶ kq£va PK-¯p-ambn L\n-jvS-
9. PmK-cn-XØ
- mt\m sshizm-\tcmImcx {]Yam am kw-_ Ôw D­m-I p-¶ p. AXn-\m Ah Imc-W hpw
{Xm]v t Xcm- Z n- a - ¯ zmZzm]v t \mXn l ssh kvYqehpw þ c­p-cq]§tfmSpw IqSn-b-h-bm-Ip-¶p. CXp-
kÀhm³ Imam\m ZnÝ-`-hXn b Ghw thZ. t]mse "D' hntâbpw am\-kn-I-kr-jSv n-bpsS A[n-jvTm-Xm-
]c- {_Ò ]c-am- ßm-hnsâ \mam- ß- I- amb HmwImc-¯nsâ hmb ssXP- k-cq]w c­m-as¯ ]mZ-¯nsâ kam-\X hln-
BZy- am-{X-bmb "A' CXv temI-¯nepÅ FÃm t]cp- I-fnepw ¡p-¶Xp ImcWw "D' Xs¶ ]qÀ®-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-csâ
AXm-bXv GsX-¦nepw AÀ°s¯ [z\n-¸n-¡p¶ FÃm c­m-as¯ ]mZw BIp¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ C{]-Imcw "D'
hm¡p-I-fnepw hym]n-¨p-In-S-¡p-¶p. kzcw AYhm hy hnsâbpw tXtPm-a- b-amb lnc-Wy-KÀ`-cq-]-¯n-tâbpw kam-
Ú\w þ bmsXmcp hÀ®hpw AIm-c-c-ln-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶n- \-X- bpsS cl-kys¯ a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ kzbw
Ã. FÃm hÀ®-§-fnepw "A' Xs¶ BZy-hÀ®-am-Ip-¶p. Cu PK-¯nsâ kq£va-X- Xz-§sf \Ã-Xp-t]mse {]Xy-£-
CXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ Cu Øqe PK-Zvcq-]-hn-cmSv ico-c-¯n s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. CXp-Im-cWw Cu Úm\-¯nsâ ]c-¼-csb
B sshizm- \-c-cq-]m-´-cyman ]c-ta-iz-c³ hym]vX-am- bn-cn- ¡p- D¶-X-am¡n AXns\ hfÀ¯n kÀÆ{X ka-`m-h-t¯m-Sp-Iq-
Ibpw hncmSv cq]-t¯m-Sp-IqSn BZyw kzbw {]I-S-am-Ip- Sn- b-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp¶p; F´p-sIm-s­-¶m PK-¯nsâ
Ibpw sNbvX- Xp- Im- cWw Cu PK- ¯nsâ BZnbpw At±lw kq£va -X -X z-§sf a\-Ê n-em-¡ n-b-Xp-I m-cWw AXnsâ
Xs¶- bm- Ip¶p. C{]-Imcw "A' bpw "PK¯pw' t]mse {]Xy- bYmÀ°-c-lkyw _p²n-bn hcp-¶-Xn-\m AXnsâ
£-ambn ImW-s¸-Sp¶ Cu Øqe PK-{Zp-]i - -co-c-¯n sshj-ay-§Ä \in- ¨p- t]m-Ip-¶p. CXn-\m Ah- \n \n¶pw
hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p¶ sshizm-\-c³ F¶p-t]-cpÅ {]Ya ]mZ- P\n¨ k´m-\-§-fn lnc-Wy-KÀ`-cq-]-\mb ]a-tc-iz-csâ
¯nsâ GIX D­m-b-Xp-Im-cWw "A' Xs¶ ]qÀ®-{_-Ò- D]-cyp-à-amb cl-ky-§-f psS Úm\w CÃm-¯-h-cmbn
]-c-ta-iz-csâ BZy-]m-Z-am-Ip-¶p. bmsXmcp a\pjy³ C{]- Bcpw D­m-bn-cn-¡p-I-bn-Ã.
Imcw AIm-c-t¯bpw hncmSv ico-c-¯nsâ Bßm-hmb ]c- 11. kpjp-]vX-Øm\x {]mtÚm aIm-c-kvXr-Xobm
ta-iz-c sâ GI-X- tbbpw {Kln-¡ p-¶pthm D]m-kn-¡ p- am{Xm antX-c -]o-tXÀhm ant\mXn l hm CZw
¶pthm Ah³ FÃm A`n-em-j-§-tfbpw AXm-bXv CÑn-X- kÀÆ-a-]o-XnÝ `hXn b Ghw thZ.
h-kvXp-¡-tfbpw {]m]n-¡p-Ibpw temI-¯n kÀÆ-am-\y-
]c-am-ßm-hnsâ \ma-ß-Ia - mb HmwIm-c-¯nsâ aq¶m-
\m-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
as¯ am{X-bmb "a' F¶Xv "am' [mXp-hnÂ\n-¶p-Û-hn-¨-
kw_Ôw þ C\n c­m-as¯ ]mZ-t¯bpw c­mw-am-{X- Xm-W.v "am' F¶ [mXp-hnsâ AÀ°w Af-¡pI AXm-bXv
tbbpw Ah-bpsS GIo-I-c-W-t¯bpw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. C¶ hkvXp C{X-bp­v F¶p a\-Ên-em-¡p-Ib - m-Wv. Cu
10. kz]v\ -Ø m-\ -k v s sX- P k DImtcm ZznXobm "a' HmwIm-c-¯nsâ A´n-a-am-{X-bmWv; "A' "D' Ch-bpsS
amt{Xm-XvIÀjm-Zp-`b - -Xzm-tZzm-XvIÀjXn l ssh ]n¶mse D¨-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. C¡m-c-W-¯m c­n-sâbpw
Úm\ k´Xnw kam-\Ý `hXn \mkym-{_- Afhv CXn hcp-¶p. AXn-\m CXv Ahsb \Ã-Xp-
Ò-hn-XvIpte `hXn b Ghw thZ. t]mse Adn-bp- ¶p. AXp- t]mse "a' bpsS D¨m- cWw sIm­v
apJw AS-bp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. "A' bpw "D' hpw þ c­pw
]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ \mam-ß-I-amb Hmw Imc- AXn hneo-\-ambpw Xocp¶p; AXn-\m CXv B c­p-am-
¯nsâ c­m-as¯ am{X-bmb "D' "A' sb¡mÄ DXvIr-jSv - {X-I-tfbpw Ah-km\w hneo-\-am-¡p-¶Xpw BIp-¶p. CtX-
am-b-Xp-Im-cWw t{ijvThpw "A' bptSbpw "a' bptSbpw {]-Imcw Xs¶ kpjp-]X v -Øm-\ob Imc-W- P-K- ¯nsâ A[n-
CS-b¡v m-b- Xp- Im-cWw Ah c­n-t\mSpw At`-Zy-amb kw_- jvTn-X m-hmb {]mÚbpw kÀÆ-Ú-\m-Ip-¶p. Øqew,
Ô- ap-ÅX - m-Wv. AXn-\ m CXv D`b kzcq-] -am-Ip-¶ p. kq£vaw, ImcWw þ Cu aq¶-h-ØI - f
- nepw ØnXn-sN-
N P
 95
I ¿p¶ PK-¯ns\ Adn-bp-¶-h\pw BIp-¶p. Imc-W-P-K-
¯nÂ\n-¶p-Xs¶ Øqehpw kq£va-hp-amb PK-¯p-¡Ä
DÛ-hn-¡p-Ibpw AXn¯s¶ Ah-bpsS eb\w kw`-hn-
¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. C{]-Imcw "a' bpsSbpw Imc-W-P-K-
¯nsâ A[n-jvTm-Xm-hmb {]mPvR F¶p-t]-cpÅ aq¶m-
as¯ ]mZ-¯n-sâbpw kaXzw DÅ-Xp-sIm­p "a' bpw
"{]mÚ' kzcq-]-]c - -ta-iz-csâ GI-X-sbbpw Adn-bp-
¶pthm Cu cl-kys¯ {Kln-¨n«v HmwIm-c-¯nsâ kvac-
Wm-Zzmcm ]c-ta-iz-cs\ Nn´n-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ aqe-k-ln-
X-amb k¼qÀ®-P-K-¯ns\ \Ã-Xp-t]mse Adn-bp-Ibpw
FÃm-¯n-t\bpw hneo-\-am-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p; AXm-bXv
Ahsâ _mly ZrjvSn Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶ p. AXn-\ mÂ
Ah³ kÀÆ{X GI-]-c- {_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c-s\-¯s¶ t\m¡n-
s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-¶-h- \m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
kw_-Ô w- þ -am-{Xm-c-ln-X-amb HmwIm-c- ¯nsâ \memw-]m-Z-
t¯m-SpÅ GIo-I-c-Ws¯ {]Xn-]m-Zn-¨p-sIm­v Cu D]-\n-
j-¯ns\ D]-kw-l-cn-¡p-¶p.
12. Aam-{X-Ý XpÀtYmhyh-l mcyx {]]-t©m-] -
iax inthmssZzX Gh-tam-¦ mc Bssßh
kwhn-i-XymXv a\mßm\w b Ghw thZ b
Ghw thZ.
]c-{_Ò ]c- am-ßm- hnsâ \mam- ß- I- amb HmwIm- c- ¯nsâ
am{Xm-c-ln-X- amb þ kwkm-c-¯n hcm-¯-Xm-b, \ncm-Im-c-
kz-cq]w AXp a\-Ên\pw hmWn¡pw Ahn-j-ba - m-b-Xp-
sIm­p hyh-lm-c-¯n sIm­p- h- cp-hm³ k[y- a- Ãm-¯Xpw
{]]-©-¯nÂ\n-¶p- a-Xo-Xhpw Ieym-W- a-bhpw AZzn- Xo-bhpw
B \nÀ¤p-W-\n-cm-Im-c-cq-]-amb \mem-as¯ ]mZ-am-Ip-¶p.
F{]-Imcw aq¶p-am-{X-I-fpsS t\c-t¯]dªn-«pÅ aq¶p-
]m-Z-§-tfm- sSm-¯pÅ kam- \-X-bp-­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AtX-
{]-Imcw Xs¶ HmwIm-c- \n-cm-Im-c-kz-cq-]-¯nsâ ]c-{_-Ò-]-
c- am-ßm-hnsâ \nÀKp- W-\n-cm-Imc \nÀhn- ti- j-cq-]- amb \mem-
as¯ ]mZ-t¯m-SpÅ kaXzw F¶p `mhw. bmsXmcp a\p-
jy³ Cu hn[w HmwIm-chpw ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ GI-X-bpsS sImSp-¯n-«p-­v.
1
Iujo-
X In {_Ò- t Wm- ] - \ n-
j ¯v
3
im´n-]mTw
Hmw. hmMv ta a\kn {]Xn-jvTn-Xm. at\m ta
hmNn {]Xn- j v T n- X - a m- h n- c m- a . G[n thZky a
AWoØx {ipXw ta am {]lm-ko-c-t\-\m-[otX
N P
cl-kyhpw {Kln-¨n«v ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p- K
¶- Xn-\p-th­n At±- l- ¯nsâ \ma-P-]s¯ Ah- ew-_- am¡n
X]-tÊm-Sp-Iq-Snb km[\ \S-¯p-¶pthm Ah³ \nÊ-tµ-
l- ambpw Bßm-hnÂ\n¶pw Bßm-hn AXm-bXv ]cm-Xv]-
c-]-c- {_-Ò]
- -c-am-ßm-hn {]th-in-¡p-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³
C{]- Imcw {Kln- ¡p¶p F¶pÅ hmIys¯ c­p {]mhiyw
D¨-cn-¨n«v D]-\n-j-¯nsâ kam-]X v nsb kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p.
]c-{_-Ò-]-c-am-ßm-hntâbpw At±-l-¯nsâ \ma-¯n-
tâbpw alna A]m-c-am-Ip- ¶p. CXnsâ A¡c IS-¡p-hm³
BÀ¡pw km[y-a-Ã. Cu {]I-c-W-¯n B Ako-a-]qÀ®
{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ \mep ]mZ-§-fpsS Iev]\ At±-l-
¯nsâ Øqe, kq£va, Imc-W-§-fmb aq¶p kKpW cq]-
§-fp-tSbpw \nÀKp-W-\n-cm-Imc kzcq-]-¯nsâ GI-tXbpw
ImWn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th-­nbpw AXp-t]mse \ma-¯n- tâbpw
\man-bp-tSbpw FÃm-{]-Im-c-§-fn-epapÅ GI-tXbpw ImWn-
¡p- ¶-Xn\pw AXp-t]mse At±-l- ¯nÂ\n-¶pw A`n¶- amb
ANn-´y-i-àn-tbbpw kÀÆ- am\ kmaÀ°y-t¯bpw ImWn-
¡p- ¶- Xn- \pw- th­n sN¿- s¸- «n- cn- ¡p¶p F¶v A\p- am- \n- ¡p- ¶p.
im´n- ] mTw
Hmw `{Zw IÀt®`nx {iWp-bma tZhm `{Zw
]tiy am£m-` n-cy-P{Xmx
Ønssc-c-MvssK-k vXp-j vSphmw kkvX-\q-
`nÀhytia tZh-lnXw bZmbpx
kzkvXn \ Ct{µm hr²-{ihmx kzkvXn \x
]pjm hniz-thZmx
kzkvXn \kvXmÀt£ym Acn-jvS-t\anx
kzkvXn t\m _rl-kX v ]
- nÀZ-[m-Xp.
Hmw im´nx ! im´nx ! im´nx !!!
CXnsâ AÀ°w Cu D]-\n-j-¯nsâ Bcw-`-¯nÂ
\mtlm-cm-{XmXv kwZ-[m-an. EXw hZn-jyman kXyw
hZn-jym-an. X·m-a-hX
- p. XZv hàm-ca
- -hX
- p. AhXp
amw. AhXp hàmcw Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx
 96
I Hmw. Fsâ hm¡v a\-Ên Ønc-am-bn-cn-¡-s«. hm¡nÂ
a\Êv Ønc-am-bn-cn-¡-s«. kzbw {]Im-im-ßm-th, A§v
Fsâ ap¶n {]Xy-£-am-Ip-I. tl hmWn, tl a\-tÊ,
\n§Ä c­p-t]cpw Fsâ thZ-Úm-\¯ - n\v B[m-c-am-
Ip-¶p. AXn-\m Fsâ thZm-[ym-b-\s¯ XS-b-cp-tX.
Cu thZm-[y-b\s¯ XS-b-cp-tX. Cu thZm-[y-b-\-¯nÂ
Rm³ cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw Nne-h-gn- ¡p- ¶p. Rm³ EXw ]dbpw
kXyw ]dbpw Fs¶ c£n-¨mepw hàm-hns\ c£n-
¨mepw Fs¶ c£n-¨m-epw.
H¶mw A[ymbw
1. Nnt{Xm l ssh KmÀKym-b-WnÀ b£y-amW
BcpWnw ht{h. k l ]p{Xw tizX-tIXpw {]Pn-
{Lm-b. bmP-tb-Xn. Xm lmko\w ]{]-Ñ . KuX-
aky ]p{Xm-kvXn. kwhrXw temtI bkvan³ am
[mky tlm thmN-Z[zm temtI bmky-ko-Xn. kl
]nX-c-am-kmZy ]{]-tÑ-Xo-Xn. am {]m£oXv IYw
{]Xn-{_-hm-Wo-Xn. k tlm hmN. Al-a -t]y-XXv
\ thZ. k Z tky h hbw kzm[ym-b-a-[oXy lcm
atl b¶ ]tc-Z-ltXy ln D`u Kan-jymh CXn.
k l kanX ]mWnx Nn{Xw KmÀKym-bWow {]Xn
N{Ia D]m-bm-\ o-X n. Xw tlmhm-N -{_-Ò mÀtLm
kn KuX-atbm \ am\-ap-]mtKm Ghn thyh Xzm
Úm]-bn-jym-ao-X n.
alÀjn-bmb Nn{X³ KÀ¤sâ ]p{Xsâ ]p{X-\m-bn-cp-
¶p. At±lw bÚw sN¿-W-sa-¶p-t±-in¨v AcpW ]p{X-
\mb D±m-e-Is\ {][m\ EXzn-¡m-¡n. F¶m D±m-e-I³
B bÚ-¯n\p t]mImsX ]p{X-\mb tizX-tI-Xp-hn\v
th­n Nn{X-¯nsâ bÚ-¯n\p t]mbn. AXv th­-
hn[w ]cy-h-km-\n-¸n-¡m³ \nÀt±iw sImSp-¯p. \nÀt±-
im-\p-k-cWw tizX-tI-Xp-b-Ú-¯n ]¦p-sIm­v Hcp
DbÀ¶ ]oT-¯n-en-cp-¶p. At±-ls¯ I­v alm-ßm-hmb
Nn{X³ C§s\ tNmZn¨p:þ ""Fs¶ {]Xn-jvTn-¡m³ Cu
temI-¯n Bh-c-W-t¯mSp IqSnb Hcp Øm\-apt­m?
AtXm `n¶-amb Bh-c-W-cl - n-X-amb Øm\-¯m-bn-cn-
¡ptam Fs¶ {]Xn-jvTn-¡pI?'' CXp-tI«v tizX-tIXp ]d-
ªp.
""F\n¡v CXn-s\-¸än Hcp Adn-hp-an-Ã. Fsâ ]nXmhv
imkv{X-c- l -k y-§ Ä Adn-b p-¶ -h \pw AX- \ p- k -cn¨v
{]hÀ¯n-¡ p-¶-h-\p-am-W v. A§-bpsS tNmZy-s¯-¸ än
Rm³ At±-lt- ¯mSv ]dbmw.'' ]ns¶ tizX-tIXp ]nXm-
hnsâ ASp¯p sN¶v Nn{X³ tNmZn¨ kwibw hyà-am-
¡n. D±m-e-I³ ]dªp:þ ""F\n¡pw Cu tNmZy-¯n-\p-
¯cw \nÝ-b-an-Ã. alm-ßm-hmb Nn{Xsâ bÚ ime-
bn-se¯n XXzm- [ym- b-\-¯m Úm\w t\Smw. A\yÀs¡-
¶-t]mse \ap¡pw Nn{X-\nÂ\n¶v [\w e`n-¡pw. AXn-
\m At§m-«p-t]m-hp-I.'' A§s\ kanXn ]mWn-bmbn
N P
D±m-e-I³ Úm\-Xr-jW
v -tbmsS Nn{Xsâ ASp-¯p-sN¶v K
]dªp:þ "Úm\mÀP-\-¯n-\mWv Rm\n- hnsS h¶Xv'. D±m-
e-Isâ Dt±iyw AXm-sW-¶X- n Nn{X\v kwi-b-ap-­m-
bn-cp-¶n-Ã.
2. ktlm-hmN þ tb ssh tI N AkvamtÃm
ImXv {]b´n N{µ-a-k-tah tX kÀth KÑ-´n.
tXjmw {]mssWx ]qÀh ]£ B]ym-b-tX. Xm\-
]-c -] -t£W {]P-\ -b-Xn. GX-ssZz-kzÀ¤-ky-tem-
Iky Zzmcw bÝ-{µ-amkvXw bXv {]Xym-lX aXn
{kP-tX. b G\w {]Xym-l-X-anl hyjvSnÀ `qXzm
hÀjXn X Cl IotSm hm ]XwtKm hm iIp-\nÀ
hm imÀZqtem hm knwtlm hm atÕym hm ]cizm
hm ]pcptjm hm t\ym ssh tXjp Ømt\jp
{]Xym-Pm-btX bYm IÀa bYm hnZypx Xam-KXm
]rÑXn tIm koXw Xw {]Xn {_qbmXv hnN-
£Wm ZrXthm tcX A`qXw ]©-Z-imXv {]kq-
XmXv l{Xy-hk - vXm³am-]pwkn IÀ¯-tcy-cb [zw.
]pwkm IÀ{Xm amX-cn-am-\n-j-IXm kPmb D]-Pm-
b-amt\m ZzmZ-i{- X-tbm-Zi D]-amtkm ZzmZi {Xtbm
Zti\ l{Xm kw ZtZztZ {]Xn ZZzntZ lw X³a
EXthm AaÀXyh B`c [zw. tX\ ktXy\ tX\
X]km EXp-c-kvaymÀ¯thm kvan tIm kvan Xza-
kvaoXn Xa-Xnkva PtX.
]ns¶ At±lw ]dªp: "tl D±m-e-I, Fs¶-t¸mse
\nÊm-c-\mb Hcp hyàn-bpsS ASp-¡Â C§s\ hcm³
Imc-Ws - a´v? kz´w alXzw icn-¡-dn-ªn-Ã-tÃm. A§v
FÃm {_mÒ-W-cnepw sh¨v ]qP-\o-b\pw {_Ò-hn-Zym-[n-
Im-cn-bp-am-Wv. Rm³ tNmZn¨ tNmZys¯ kw_-Ôn¨v
At§bv¡v bYmÀ° Úm\w \ÂImw.
bÚ-IÀ¯m-hmb Nn{X³ ]dªp:þ "apt\, bÚm-
Zn-I-fmb D¯a IÀ½§f\p-jvTn-¨n-«pÅ hnZzm-·mÀ Cu
temIw hn«v t]mIp-t¼mÄ kzÀ¤w {]m]n-¡p-¶p. F¶mÂ
IrjvW-]£ - -¯n N{µ\v Pohn-IÄ¡v Xr]vXn sImSp-
¡m³ Ign-hn-Ã.
kzÀ¤-¯n-te-bv¡pÅ IhmSw N{µ³ F¶ t]cn-\mÂ
{]kn-²-am-W.v kzÀ¤-¯n-\[- n-Im-cn-I-fm-b-hÀ Nn´n-¡p-¶Xv
kzÀ¤-¯nÂ\n¶v Ipsd Ign-bp-t¼mÄ Xmsg ]Xn-t¡-­n-
h-cp-sa¶pw A§-s\-bpÅ kzÀ¤w \ncÀ°-am-sW-¶p-am-
Wv. \njvIm-a-IÀ½nIfmbn N{µ-temIw shSn-bp-¶-hÀ ip`-
IÀ½-¯mepw ZrV-\n-Ý-b-¯mepw kzÀ¤-tem-I-¯n\pw
apI- fn- epÅ {_Ò-tem- Is¯ {]m]n- ¡p-¶p. kpJw sImXn¨v
kzÀ¤-¯nse kpJ-¯n Xs¶ apgpIn Ign-bp-¶ -hÀ
]pWy-£-b-t¯msS Xmtgm«p ]Xn-¡p-¶p.
C§s\ temI-¯nse kzÀ¤-\-cI {]m]vXn-I- c-amb KXn
a\-Ên-em-¡p¶ injy³ hnc-à\ - mbn PnÚm-k-tbmsS
kZvKp-cp-hns\ icWw {]m]n-¡p-t¼mÄ Kpcp injy-t\mSv
tNmZn-¡-Ww. "\o BcmWv?'

I B tNmZy-¯n\v injy³ C§-s\-bmWv D¯cw ]d-
tb-­Xv:þ "tZh-·m-sc, ]Xn-\©p Ie-It- fmSp IqSn-bXpw
ip¢- Ir-jvW- ]- £- §Ä¡v Imc- W-`q- Xhpw {i²- tbmsS {]Xy-
£-s¸-Sp¶ ]nXr-temIw \ÂIp-¶-h\pw hn`n¶ t`mK-Zm-
b-I\pw Bb N{µsâ kao-]¯p \n¶pw D­mbn {i²,
tkma³, hÀjw A¶w F¶n-hb - psS {]`m-h-¯m kwPm-
X-am-b-h\pw hocy-¯nsâ cq]-¯n ]cn-hÀ¯\w sN¿-
s¸-«h- \pw Poh³ DÄs¡m-Åp-¶-Xp-amb Fs¶ A§v
kwtbm-K -I may aptJ\ ]pcp-j -\n Øm]n-¡p-Ibpw
]n¶oSv B ]pcp-j³ aptJ\ Fs¶ KÀ`-¯n [mcWw
sN¿n- ¸n-¡p- Ibpw D­m-bn. Gsd hÀj-§-fmbn Rm³ anYym-
Úm\w {]m]-©nI {`aw hnIm-c- §Ä F¶n- h-bnepw {_Ò-
Úm\ PnÚm-k-bnepw Ign-ªp-Iq-Sp-¶p. C\n F\n¡v
A§v Aa-cXzw ssI hcp-¯p-hm³ t]m¶ {_Ò-Úm\w
e`n-¡m³ DX-I-¯¡ - -hn[w Btcm-Kyhpw ZoÀLm-bpÊpw
Xcp-I. Fs´-¶m {_Ò-km-£m-Xv¡mcw e`n-¡p-¶X
hsc Pohn-¨n-cn-t¡-­X - p-­v. Rm³ kqNn-¸n¨ kXyhpw
X]-kybpw \nan¯w Rm³ EX-am-Ip-¶p. A§p Xs¶-
bmtWm Rms\¶pw bYmÀ°-¯n Rm³ Bcm-sW¶pw
F\n¡v ]dªp Xc-Ww.' Ahsâ hm¡p tI«v kZvKpcp
B injys\ kwkm-cs¯ `b-s¸-Sp-¶-h-\m-sW¶p I­v.
{_Ò-hnZy D]-tZ-in-¨p. Ahs\ kwkm-c-_Ô - \
- ¯
- nÂ
\n¶pw hnSÀ¯n kIe ]m]-§-fnÂ\n¶pw hnap-à\
t¡-­-Xp-­.v
3. k Xw tZh-bm\w ]Ùm\w B]Zy Aán
temI-am-KÑ - X- n. hmbp-temIw k hcp-W-temIw k
BZnXy temIw k C{µ-t emIw k {]Pm-] Xn
temIw k {_Ò temIw. Xky lhm GXky
{_ Ò - t e m- I k y B tc m- { l tZ m ap l qÀ t¯ m
tbjv Snlm hnPcm \Zoteym hr£x kmePyw
kwØm-\-a-]-cm-Pn-X-amb X\-an{µ {]Pm-]Xo Zzmc
tKm]u. hn`q-{]-anXw hnN-£-Wm. Bk-¶a - n-XuPmx
]cy¦x {]nbm N am\ko {]Xn-cq]m NNm-£jo
]pjv]m-Wym-h-bXu ssh N PKmXyw _mÝmw-_m-
h-b-ho-Ým-]vk-ckx Aw_bm \Zyx Xnan°w hnZm
KÑXn Xw {_Òm lm`n-[m-hX aa bikm hnPcmw
hm Abw \Zow {]m]-¶hm Abw Pc-bn-jy-Xo-Xn.
Cuiz-tcm- ]m- k\ sN¿p- ¶-h³ tZh- bm- \-amÀ¤-¯nÂIqSn
BZyw Aán-tem-I-¯n-se-¯p-¶p. ]ns¶ hmbp-temIw;
AhnsS \n¶v kqcy-temIw; ]ns¶ hcp-W-temIw; A\-
´cw C{µ-temIw; A\-´cw {]Pm-]-Xn-temIw; XpSÀ¶v
{_Ò-temIw; {_Ò-tem-I-¯n {]th-in-¡p- hm-\pÅ amÀ¤-
¯n "Bc' F¶p t]cpÅ hen-sbmcp Pem-i-b-ap­v
AXp IS¶v Ima-t{Im-[m-Zn-If - m {_Ò-temI {]m]vXn-
¡pÅ km[-\-b-Úm-Zn-I-fm {_Ò-temI {]m]vXn-¡pÅ
km[-\b- -Úm-Zn-]pWy IÀ½-§Ä Ch \in-¸n-¡p¶
"tbjvSn l' F¶ `mKw IS¶v "hncPm' \Zn-bn-se-¯mw.
AXnsâ ZÀi-\¯
- m Xs¶ hmÀ²Iyw \jvS-am-Ip-¶p.
N P
97
A\-´cw "Cf' F¶p t]cpÅ Cey hr£w ImWmw. K
]n¶oSv ]e tZh-·mcpw Xma-kn-¡p¶ \K-c-am-Wv. AhnsS
]qt´m-«§- Ä, \Zn-IÄ, ktcm-hc- -§Ä, InW-dp-IÄ Ch-
bp-­v. \K-c¯- nsâ Hcp `mK¯v [\p-Ênsâ BIr-Xn-bn-
epÅ Hcp {]tIm-jvT-ap-­v. AXpw IS-¶p-t]m-bm "A]-
cm-PnX' F¶p hnim-e-amb Øm\-am-W.v AhnsS {_Òmhv
Xma-kn-¡p-¶p. kqcy-tX-PÊpw BÀ¡pw XIÀ¡m³ Ign-
bm-¯-Xp-am-I-bm A]-cm-PnX F¶ t]cv AXn\p In«n.
{_Òm-hnsâ B `h-\-¯nsâ Zzmc-]m-e-I-·mÀ taL-§fpw
bÚ-¯nsâ {]Xo-I-§-fmb hmbphpw BIm-i-cq-]n-bmb
C{µ-\p-sa-t{X.
"hn`q-{]-aXn' F¶ Hcp k`m-aW
- vU]w AhnsSbp­v.
AXnsâ a[y-¯n "hnN-£W' F¶ thZn AÂ`p-X-I-c-
am-Wv. iàn-tb-dn-bXpw "Aan-XuPm' F¶p t]cp-Å-Xp-
amb {]mW³ Xs¶-bmWv {_Òm-hnsâ knwlm-k-\w.
- p-
{]IrXn cq]n-Wn-bmb At±-l-¯nsâ {]nb a\-Êns\ lcn-
¡p-¶h - f
- m-I-bm "am\kn' F¶ t]cn Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.
AXnsâ Ombm-aqÀ¯n "N£pjn' bmWv tXP-tÊ-dnb
AXnsâ Ae-¦m-cm-Zn-IÄ tXtPm-a-b-§-fm-Ip-¶p.
{]]©w \mep-hn-[-¯n-epÅ Pohn-I-fm ]qÀ®-amWv
þ Pcm-bp-Pw, AWvU-Pw, tkzZ-Pw, DZv`n-Pw, {]]-©-¯nse
- m- kIe PU-tN-X \ hkvXp-¡fpw {_Òm-hnsâ DZym-\-
¯nse ]pjv]-§-fm-Wv. Ah-bpsS [uXw D¯-co-bmZn
hkv{X-§-fm-Wv. Ahn-sS-bpÅ A]vk-c-Êp-Isf "Aw_m'
F¶pw "Aw_m-bhn' F¶pw ]d-bp-¶p. Aw_-bn P\-
\o-`m-hhpw Aw_m-b-hn-bn _p²n-`m-h-hp-am-Ip-¶p. {_Ò-
Úm\w \ÂIp¶ Aw_bm F¶ \Zn AhnsS Hgp-Ip-
¶p. Úm\n-bmb ]pcp-j\v AhnsS sNs¶-¯m³ Ign-
bp-¶ p. hnPcm F¶ \Zn-b p-s S kao-] -¯p-Iq-Sn-b mWv
At§m«p t]mtI-­-X.v AhnsS F¯p-¶-hÀ¡v hmÀ²Iy
_m[-bp-­m-hp-I-bn- Ã.
4. Xmw ]©-i-Xm\n A]vk-ckmw {]Xn-b´n
iXw ]qÀ® lkvXmx iXw iXw hmtkm-lkvXmx
iXw ^e-k-lkvXm iX-am-RvP\ lkvXm iXw
amey lkvXmx Xw {_Òmew ImtcW Aew IpÀh-
´n. k {_Òm-e-¦m-tc-Wm-ew-IrtXm {_Ò hnZzm³
{_Òm-`n-ss{]Xn k AK-Ñ-Xzmcw {lZw Xw a\-km-
tXyXn XanXzm k{kXn hntZm aÖ-´n. k BK-
ÑXn alqÀ¯m tkyjvSn lmw kvtX kvamZv {]Z-
h´n k BK-ÑXn hnPcmw \Zow Xmw a\ssk
hmtXy-Xn. XXv kpIrX ZpjvIrtX [p\p-tX. Xky-
{] nbm Ú mX bx k p I r - X - a p - ] - b ´ p {] nbm
ZpjvIrXw XZyYm ctY\ [mh-b³ cY Nt{I ]cy-
th-£ -X, Gh atlm-cmt{X ]cy-th-£ -X. Ghw
kpIrX ZpjvIrtX kÀhmWn N Zzµzm\n k Gj
hnkp-IrtXm hnZp-jvIrtXm {_Ò hnZzm³ {_ssÒ
hm`n-ss{]-X n.
 98
I s]s«¶p Xs¶ {_Òm-h nsâ \nÀt±-i m-\p-k-cWw
Aªqdp A]vk-cÊ - p-IÄ Ahn-sS-sb-¯nb {_Ò-Úm-
\nsb kzmKXw sN¿m³ HmSn-h-cpw. Ah-cn Aªq-dp-
t]À tIkcw Ip¦paw aªÄ F¶n-hb - psS NqÀ®w
ssIbn-se-Sp-¯n-cn-¡pw. Aªq-dp-t]À¡v hnhn[ hkv{X-
§Ä D­v. \qdp A]vk-c-Êp- IÄ ssIbn ]e-hn[w AwK-
cm-K§- Ä hln-¨n-cn-¡pw. FÃm-hcpw IqSn B alm-ßm-
hns\ Ae-¦-cn¨v {_Ò-kz-cq-]n-bm-¡n-¯oÀ¡pw. AtXmsS
AbmÄ "Ac' F¶p t]cpÅ Pem-i-b-¯n-\-Sp¯v \bn-
¡-s¸Spw; AhnsS Ba-Ö\w sN¿-s¸-Spw. k¦ev]w
aptJ\ AXns\ XcWw sN¿p¶ {_Ò-Úm\n ]ns¶
"tbjvSnl' bpsS kao-]-sa¯pw tZh-·mÀ Ahsâ {_Ò
tXP-Ênsâ ap¶n Dd-¨p-\n¡m-\m-ImsX HmSn- t¸m-tI­n
hcp-¶p. Úm\n "hncmPm' \Zn-bpsS Xoc-s¯¯n ]m]
]pWy-§Ä AhnsS Dt]-£n¨v Xsâ am\-knI k¦-ev]-
¯m Xs¶ AXnsâ A¡c IS-¡p-¶p. B Úm\nsb
tZzjn-¡ p-¶ -h À¡v Ah³ ssIhn« ]m]w e`n¡pw;
F¶m Ahs\ kvt\ln-¡p¶ IpSpw-_n-IÄ Ahsâ
]pWymw-i-¯n ]¦m-fn-I-fm-Ip-¶p. tXcn k©-cn-¡p¶
hyàn cYw \nb-{´n-¡p-t¼mÄ AXnse N{I-§-fpsS
]rYzn-bp-am-bpÅ kwtbm-K-hn-tbm-K§- -f-dn-bp-¶n-Ã. AXp-
t]mse {_Ò-Úm-\n-bmb hyàn cm¸-IÂ ]m]-]p-Wy-
a-b-§-fmb ]e Zriy-§fpw ImWp-¶p-s­-¦nepw Ah-bp-
ambn _Ôn-¡p-¶n-Ã. ]m]-]p-Wy-§Ä Ahs\ _m[n-¡p-
¶n- Ã. {_Ò-Úm-\-¯m Ah³ {_Ò-s¯-¯s¶ {]m]n-
¡p- ¶p.
5. k BK-Ñ -X oeyw hr£w Xw {_Ò-K Ôx
{]hniXn. k BK-ÑXn kmePyw kwØm-\w. Xw
{_Ò-c kx {]hn-i-Xn, k BK-Ñ Xn A]-cm-P nXw
Bb X\w Xw {_Ò-tXPx {]hn-iXn B KÑ-Xn.
C{µ-{]-Pm-]Xo Zzmc-tKm]u Xmh-kvam-Z-]-{Z-hXx k
BK-ÑXn hn`q-{]-anXw Xw {_Ò tXPx {]hn-iXn
k BK-ÑXn hne-£-Wm-am-kµow _rl-{ZYw Xtc
kma\n ]qÀhu-]mZu ssÝyX \u[tk Nm]-cu-
h-ssh-cq] sshcmtP A\q-NytX imIz-c-ssc-htX
XocÝo km{]Úm {]Úbm ln hn]-iyXn k
BK-ÑXn AanXu Pkw ]cy¦w k {]mW-kvXky
`qXw N `hnjyw N ]qÀhu ]mZu-{io-tÝ-cm-Nm-]-
c, {_lv{ZY w Xtc B \qtNy `{Z- b - Ú mb
bÚotb ioÀjtWy ENÝ kmam\n N {]mNo-
\m-Xm-\m\n bÖpwjn Xnc-Ýo-\m\n tkmamw-ihx
D]-kvX-cW apZvKoYx D]{iox {iocp]_ÀlWw
Xkvan³ {_ÒmkvtX Xan°w hnXv]m-tZ-ss\-hm{K
Btcm-lX - n. Xw {_Òm ]rÑXn tImkoXn. Xw
{]Xn {_qbm-Xv.
{_Ò-Úm-\n-bpsS \mkn-Ib
- n Cey hr£-¯nsâ
ASp-s¯-¯nb DS-s\-Xs¶ {_Ò-KÔw {]th-in-¡p-¶p.
]ns¶ Ah³ "kmePy' sa¶p t]cpÅ \K-c-¯n-\-Sp-s¯-
¯pw. AhnsS Ahs\ Znhy-amb {_Ò-ckw {]m]n-¡p-
N P
¶p. CXn\p ap¼v Ah\v C{Xbpw B\µw D­m-bn-«p-­m- K
hn-Ã. AXn-\p-tijw Ah³ {_Òm-hnsâ "A]-cm-PnX'
F¶ `h-\-¯n-\S- p-s¯-¯pw. AtXmsS Ah-\n {_Ò-
tX-PÊv \nd-bp-¶p. ]ns¶ `h-\-Zzm-c-kw-c-£-I-·m-cmb C{µ-
sâbpw {]Pm-]X - n-bp-sSbpw kao]w {]m]n-¡p-¶p. amÀ¤w
ImWn-¡ -s ¸«v apt¶m«p t]mbn "hn`p- {]-a nX' F¶
k`maWvU]-¯n-se-¯pw. {_Ò-b-iÊp tNÀ¶v Ah³
_rl-s¯¶pw cY-´-c-km- a-sa¶pw t]cpÅ c­p-ap³ImÂ
tNÀ¶Xpw ssiyXw, \u[-k-kmaw F¶ ]n³Im-ep-IÄ
tNÀ¶Xpw sshcq]w sshcm-P-kmaw Cu Z£n-tWm-¯c
]mZ-§Ä tNÀ¶Xpw imIz-cw, ssch-Xk - maw F¶ ]qÀh
]Ýna ]mZ-§Ä tNÀ¶Xpw Bb hnN-£ -W-s b¶p
thZn¡p kao]w F¯pw. _p²n-cq-]n-Wnbpw al-¯Xz
cq]n-Wn-bp-ambn B thZn {_Ò-Úm-\n¡v Znhy ZrjvSn
\ÂIpw. ]ns¶ {]mW-kz-cq-]a - mb "AanXu Pm' F¶
knwlm-k-\-¯n-\-Sp¯v F¯pw. AXnsâ ap³h-i-¯pÅ
c­p Imep-IÄ `qX-`-hn-jy-¯p-¡-fm-Wv. ]n¶n-epÅ Imep-
IÄ {iotZ-hnbpw `qao-tZ-hn-bpw. A\qNy F¶ c­p ZoÀL
JSzmw-K§ - Ä AXnsâ D¯-c-Z-£nW ]mZ-§-fm-Wv. Ah
_rl¯pw cY-´c kma-hp-sa-t{X. `{Z-sa¶pw bÚm-b-
Úo-b-sa¶pw t]cpÅ kma-cq-]-¯n-epÅ c­p sNdnb
JSzmw-K-§Ä ]qÀh-]-Ýna `mKs¯ ]mZ-§-fm-Ip-¶p. Ah-
bn incÊpw ]mZhpw hbv¡p-¶p. Ing¡p ]Sn-ªm-dmb
hmSn-IÄ EtKz-Z-km-a-th-Z-§-fpsS kzc-`q-X-am-Wv. hS-¡p-sX-
¡mbn hfªp ]pf-ªp-apÅ hmSn-IÄ bPpÀth-Z{- ]-Xo-
I-§-fm-Ip-¶p. N{µ-c-ivan-IÄ AhnsS tIma-f-i-¿-t]mse
hncn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. DZvKoYw AXn hncn-¨n-«pÅ ]pX-¸mWv
e£van-bm-Ip¶ Xe-bW Ahn-sS-bp-­v. A§n-s\-bpÅ
B Znhy-knw-lm-k\w {_Òm-hn\v hncm-Pn-¡m³ th­n-
bp-Å-Xm-Wv. Cu XXzw {Kln-¨n-«pÅ {_Ò-Úm\n B
knwlm- k-\-¯n Imep-sh¨v tIdp-¶p. At¸mÄ {_Òmhv
Ah-t\mSv tNmZn-¡pw. "\o Bcv?' At±-l-¯nsâ tNmZy-
¯n\v C{]-Imcw adp-]Sn sImSp-¡W - w.
6. EXp-c -kvaymÀ¯thm kva ymImim-tZymt\x
kw`qtXm `mcym GXXv kwh-Õ-c ky tXtPm-`q-
Xky `qX-kymßm Xzam-ßmkn bkvXz-akn tkm
lakva oXn Xam-l tIm la- k va oXn kXy-a nXn
{_qbmXv Iow XZyXv kXy-anXn bZ-\yXv tZth-`yÝ
{]mtW-`yÝ XXv kZY bZv tZhmÝ {]mWm-Ý-
XXzw XtZ-Xbm hmNm `nhym{ln-btX kXy-antXy
Xmh- Z nZw kÀh- a nZw kÀa- k n. CssXy- s sh\w
XZman XtZ-XZ- yIv tÇmtI-\m-`yp-àw.
bPq-Zcx kma-incm Akm-hy-MvaqÀ¯n chybx k{_-
tÒXn k hnP-Úob EjnÀ {_Ò-atbm alm-\n-Xn. Xaml
tI\ ta ]uwkym\n \mam\n B]vt\mjn CXn {]mtW-
t\Xn {_qbm-Xv.
tI\ kv{Xo\m-am-\oXn hmtNXn tI\ \]pw-k-
Im-\oXn a\-tkXn tI\ KmÔm-\nXn {]mW-t\-
 99

I tXyh {_qbmXv tI\ cq]m-WoXn N£p-tjXn £-I³. a\Êv ZqX-\m-Ip-¶p. kÀth-{µn-b-§fpw Ah-bpsS K
tI\ i_vZm \nXn Pnlz-tbXn tI\ A¶ ckm A`n-am-\n-I-fmb tZh-X-amÀ aptJ\ Bh-iy-s¸-SmsX Xs¶
\nXn Pnlz-tbXn tI\ IÀam-WoXn lkvXm-`ym- {]mW-\m-Ip¶ {_Ò-¯n\v D]-lmc cq]-¯n \ÂI-s¸-
anXn tI\ kpJ-ZpxJ CXn icn-tc-tW-Xn-tI-\\ - µw «n-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu clkyw Adn-bp-¶- h\v bmNn-¡msX Xs¶
cXnw {]Pm-Zn-an-Xy-]-tØ-t\-Xn. tIt\Xzm CXn ]mZm- kÀh-Nc- m-Nc- -§fpw D]-lmcw kaÀ¸n-¡p-¶p. Hcp bmN-
`ym-an-Xn, tI\-[ntbm hnÚw Xhyw Imam-\nXn I³ Hcp {Kma-¯n t]mbn `n£ bmNn¨v H¶pw In«msX
{]Ú-tbXn {_qbm-¯a - m-l. Bt]m ssh Jep \ncm-i-\mbn B {Kma-hm-kn-IÄ sImSp-¯mepw A¶m-Zn-
taly-km-hbw tX temI-C -Xn-kmbm {_ÒtWm IÄ kzoI-cn-¡ p-I -b n-s öp \nÝ-b n-¡ p-¶ -X p-t]mse
PnXnÀ bm hyjvSn kvXmw PnXn PbXn Xmw hyjvSnw {]mWs\ D]m-kn-¡p¶ km[-I³ BtcmSpw bmsXm¶pw
hyiv\ ptX b Ghw thZ b Ghw thZ. CXn bmNn-¡m³ ]mSn-sÃ-¶Xv Xsâ ]mh-\-IÀ¯-hy-sa¶v Icp-
{]Ytam [ymbx Xp-¶p. Ah³ Xsâ \nÝ-b-¯n ZrV-Nn-¯-\m-bn-cn-¡p-
¶p. Fs´-¶m bmN-I-\n ssZ\y-`mhw kzm`m-hn-I-am-
""Rm³ kzbw-`qhpw kzbw {]Im-ihpw hniz-¯n-s\Ãmw
Wv. Cu ssZ\y-`mhw sIm­mWv Ah\v `n£-In-«p-¶-Xv.
ImcW `qX\pw Bb Cuiz-c-\n \n¶pw DÛ-hn-¨-h-\m-
IqSmsX Bfp-IÄ Ahs\ hnfn¨v "\n\¡v `n£-Xcmw'
Wv. Rm³ `qX-§Äs¡- Ãm-a-Xo- X\pw `qX-§Äs¡Ãmw Imc-
F¶p ]d-bp¶p AXpw Ah-\nsb Zo\-`mhw \nan-¯a - m-
W-am-bn-«p-Å-h\pw PU-tN-X-\-b-amb `qX-cq-]a
- mb kwh-
W-tÃm.
Õ-c-¯nsâ tXPx-kz-cq-]n-bm-Wv. Rm³ EXs¯ kw_-
Ôn-¡p-¶-h-\mWv; EX-hp-am- W.v Rm³ Bßm-hm-Wv. A§pw 2. {]mtWm {_tÒXn l kv a ml ss]wKy-
Bßm-hm-Wv. A§v F´mtWm AXp-X-s¶-bmWv Rm\pw. kv X ky l hm GXky {]mWky {_ÒtWm
Cu hn[- ¯ n- e pÅ D¯cw tI«v {_Òmhv ho­pw hmIv ]c-k vX-¨ -£p-c m-c ptÔ N£px ]c-k vXmXv
tNmZn¡pw þ "Rm³ BcmWv?' AXn\v {_Ò-Úm\n t{im{X-am-cptÔ t{im{Xw ]c-kX v mXv a\ BcptÔ
C§s\ D¯cw sImSp-¡-Ww. "A§v km£mXv kXy- -am- a\x ]c-k vX mXv {]mW BcptÔ Xkvs sa hm
Wv.' CXp-tI« {_Òmhv ho­pw tNmZn¡pw þ "kXy-sa¶p GXkvssa {]mWmb {_ÒW GXmx kÀhm-tZ-
]d-bp-¶Xp bYmÀ°-¯n F´mWv?' AXn\v C{]-Im-c- h X m A bm- N - a m- \ mb _e nw lc ´ n XtY m
amWv adp-]Sn sImSp-t¡-­-Xv. "GsXm-¶mtWm Znhy-Xz- Ghmkvssa kÀhmWn `qXm\n Bbm-Na - m\mssbh
¯n \n¶pw {]mW-\n \n¶pw `n¶hpw AÛp-Xhpw _enw-l - c ´n b Ghw thZ Xtkym-] \n j¶
Bbn-«p-ÅXv AXp Xs¶-bmWv kXyw. Znhyhpw A\-iz- bmtN-ZnXn XZyYm {Kmaw `n£nXzm Ae-_vt[zm-]-
chpw GsXm-¶mtWm AXpXs¶bmWv kXyw. A§-bn hn-ti-¶ m-l-a -t Xm-Z -¯ -a-i v\ o-bm-a n-X nb Gssh\w
kÀhhpw AS-§n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m A§v kXy- ]pc-kvX mZv {]Xym N£o-c mkvX Gssh\ ap]-a-
am-Wv.' {´-bt´ ZZma CtXyj [Àt½m-bm-NntXm `h-Xy-
\y-XkvXp Gssh\ ap]-a-{´-bt´ ZZma X CXn.
c­mw A²ymbw {]mW³ Xs¶-bmWv {_Ò-sa¶v ss]wKy-a-lÀjnbpw
1. {]mtWm {_tÒXn l kvaml Iujo-XI - n- ]d-bp-¶p. {_Òw \nan¯w hm¡n\pw AXo-X-ambn t\t{X-
kv X ky l hm GXky {]mWky {_ÒtWm {µnbw `hn-¡p-¶p. {_Òw t\t{X-{µn-bs¯ FÃm-`m-K¯p
at\m`qXw hmIv] -c n-t h- j v S o. N£pÀ tKm]v X r- \n¶pw Bh-cWw sNbvXn-«p­v t{imt{X-{µn-b- ¯n\pw AXo-
t{im{Xw {imh- b nXp Xkv s sa hm GXkv s sa X-ambn a\-Êp­v a\-Êp-ap-tJ\ t{imt{X-{µnbw FÃm `mK-
{]mWmb {_ÒtW GXmx kÀhm tZhXm Bbm- ¯p-\n¶pw Bh-cWw sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶p. {]mW³ Xs¶-
N-am-\mb _enw lc´n XtYm Ghmkvssa kÀhm- bmWv {_Òw kÀh-tZ-h-X-Ifpw B {]mW-\m-Ip¶ {_Ò-
Wn `qXm\n AbmN am\m-ssbh _enw lc´n b ¯n\v bmNn-¡msX Xs¶ D]-lmcw \ÂIp-¶p. AXv
Ghw thZ Xtkym-] -\ n-j -¶ -bm-tN- Z nXn XZyYm BtcmSpw H¶pw bmNn-¡p-I-bn-Ã. Hcn-¡Â Hcp bmN-I³
{Kmaw `n£nXzm Ae-_vt [zm-]hn ti¶m-la - tXm Hcp {Kma-¯n t]mbn `n£ bmNn-¡p-¶p. `n£ In«m¯
Z¯-a-iv\o-bm-an-Xn. b Gssh\w ]pc-kvXmXv {]Xym- ]£w \ncm-i-\mbn Ah³ C\n Rm³ Hcm-tfmSpw `n£
N-£ocw kvX Gssh-\a - p-]-a-{´-bt´ ZZm-aX CXn. tNmZn-¡p-I-bn-söv i]Yw sN¿p-¶p. Ahsâ B ZrV
Gj [Àt½m bmNntXm `h-Xn. A\y-X-kvtXz-ssh- \nÝbw I­v ap¼v `n£ sImSp-¡p-I-bn-söv ]d-ª-
\-ap-]-a-{´-bt´ ZZma X CXn. hÀ Xs¶ hnfn¨p hcp¯n \n\¡v `n£-Xcmw F¶v ]d-
bp-¶p.
Iujo-XIn alÀjn ]d-bp-¶Xv {]mW³ Xs¶bmWv
{_Ò-sa-¶m-Wv. Cu {]mW-\m-Ip¶ {_Òs¯ cmPm-hn- 3. AYm-XI GI [\m-ht- cm-[\w btZ-I-[\w
s\-t¸mse Icp-X-Ww. hm¡v AXnsâ cmÚn-bm- W.v sNhn A`n-[ym-bmXv ]uÀ®-amkyw hm Aam-hm-kymbmw
ktµiw tIĸn-¡p¶ Zzmc-]m-e-I\- m-Wv. t\{Xw AwK-c- hm ip¢-]t£ hm ]ptWy \£t{X Aánw D]-

N P
 100
I k-am-[mb ]cn kaqly ]cn-kvXocy ]cyp-t£ymXv
]qbb Z£nWw Pm·mNy {kpthW hm Na-tk\
hm Iwtk\ sshXm BPym- l p- X nÀ PptlmXn
hmMv\ma tZhXm Ah-tcm-[n\o kmta Aap-jvam-
ZnZw Ah-cpÔmw Xssky kzmlm. {]mtWm \ma
tZhXm Ah-tcm-[n-\okm ta Aap-jvam-ZnZw Ah-
cpÔmw Xssky kzmlm. N£pÀ \ma tZhXm Ah-
tcm-[n\o km ta Aap-jvam-ZnZw Ahp-cÔmw Xssky
kzmlm. t{imXw \ma tZhXm Ah-tcm[n \o kmta
Aap-jvam-ZnZw Ah-cpÔmw Xssky kzmlm. at\m
\ma tZhXm Ah-tcm-[n\o km ta Aap-jvam-ZnZw
Ah-cpÔmw Xssky kzmlm. {]Úm \ma tZhXm
Ah-tcm-[n\o kmta Aap-jv a m-ZnZw Ah-c pÔmw
Xssky kzmlm CXyY [qa-K Ôw {]Pn-{Lmb
BPy-te-t]\ AwKm\n A\p-hn-arPy hmNw btam
A`n {]{hPy AÀ°w {_hoX `qXw hm {]ln-
Wp-bmXv e`tX sslh.
A\-´cw [\ \ntcm-[\ - s
- ¯-¸än ]d-bp-¶p. ]qÀ®-
am-kn-bntem Aam-hm-kn-bntem atä-sX-¦nepw ]pWy-Xn-
Ynbpw \£-{Xhpw hcp¶ Znh-ktam [\w B{K-ln-¡p¶
hyàn Aán Øm]n¨v Ipi-hn-cn¨v a{´w sIm­v hnip-
²-amb Pew Xfn¨v ]m{X-¯n sh¨p-s\¿pw ip²o-Ic - n¨v
bYm-hn[n BlpXn kaÀ¸n-¡-Ww. "hmWo tZhn' B{K-
l-§-sfÃmw km[n-¸n-¡p-¶-h-fm-W.v tZhn {]mtWm-]m-k\
sN¿p-¶h - \v CXn-\m CÑn¨ [\w ssI hcp-¯s«'
C§s\ sNmÃn BlpXn sN¿p-I. {]mW-tZ-hX A`o-
jvT-kn²n \ÂIp-¶X - m-Wv. {]mtWm-]m-k-I-\mb F\n¡v
[\w ssI hcp-¯-s«. F¶p sNmÃn BlpXn AÀ¸n-¡p-
I. N£p-Êmb tZhn Ima\ km[n-¸n-¡p-¶-h-fm-Wv. tZhn-
{]m-tWm-]m-k-I-\mb F\n¡v CÑn-¨-[\w ssI hcp-¯-
s«. t{im{Xw F¶ tZhn A`ojvS ^f-Zm-bn-\n-bm-Wv. {]mW
{_tÒm-]m-k-I-\mb F\n¡v tZhn CÑn¨ [\w ssIh-cp-
¯-s«. AhÄ¡mbn BlpXn kaÀ¸n-¡p-¶p. a\-Êm-Ip¶
C{µnbw A`o-jvS-^ew \ÂIp-¶-Xm-Wv. {]mtWm-]m-k-I-
\mb F\n¡v AXv CÑn¨ [\w ssI hcp-¯-s«. C§s\
Blp-Xn-IÄ sImSp-¯-Xn\p tijw [qKÔw {LmWn-¡p-
Ibpw lh-\m-in-jvS-amb LrXw ]pc-«p-Ibpw au\w hcn¨v
[\m-[n-]s\ kao-]n¨v [\w Bh-iy-sa¶v ]d-bp-Ibpw
sN¿p-I. B hyàn Zqsc-sb-h n-sS-sb-¦n-ep-am-sW-¦nÂ
ZqX³ aptJ\ ktµ-i-a-b-bv¡mw. Cu IÀ½w B{K-ln¨
^ew \ÂIpw.
4. AYmtXm ssZhx kvatcm bky {]ntbm-_p-
`q- t j- Z yssky hm Gjmw ssh tXjm- a ssh
Ikva n³ ]ÀhWn Aánw D]-k-a m-[ mb GXbm
Gh BhrssXy Xm BPym-l p- X nÀ PqtlmXn
hmNw tX abn Pqtlm-a yku kzmlm. {]mWw
tXabn Pqtlm-a yku kzmlm. N£p-k vtX- a bn
Pqtlm-ayku kzmlm. t{im{XwtX abn Pqtlm
ayku kzml. a\kv t X abn Pqtlm- a yku
N P
kzmlm. {]Úmw tX abn Pqtlm-ayku kzmlm. K
CXyY [qa- K Ôw {]Xn- { Lmb B Py- t e- t ]\
AwKm\n A\p-hn-arPy hmNw-btam A`n-{]-{h-Py-kw-
kv]Àiw PnK-antj ]nhmXm Zzm kw`m-j-W-amWx
XnjvtTXv {]ntbm-sslh `hXn kvac´n sslhm-
kvam-X v.
A\-´cw hmMvaqew kn²-am-Ip¶ A`o-jvS-]qÀ¯n-sb-
¸än ]d-bp-¶p. D]m-k-I³ BÀs¡-¦nepw {]nbw-Ic - -\m-I-
W-sa¶v B{K-ln-¡p¶ ]£w Ah³ hmKmZn tZh-X-
IÄ¡v {]nb-\m-I-Ww. AXn\v GsX-¦nepw ]pWy-Xn-Yn-
bn bYm-hn[n tlmam-Nm-c-§-sfÃmw \nÀh-ln¨v LrXm-
lpXn kaÀ¸n-¡-Ww. "Rm³ \nsâ hm¡m-Ip¶ C{µn-
bs¯ F¶n lh\w sN¿p-I. Fsâ Imcyw km[n-¡p-
am-dm-I-Ww. Cu BlpXn AÀ¸n-¡s« Rm³ Fsâ
{]mWs\ F¶n lh\w sN¿p-¶p. F\n¡v Imcy kn²n-
bp-­m-I-s«. Cu BlpXn kaÀ¸n-¡p-¶p. Rm³ \nsâ
t\{X§sf F¶n lh\w sN¿p-¶p. "Fsâ Imcyw
km[n-¡-s«. Cu BlpXn kzoI-cn-¡p-I. Rm³ \nsâ
t{im{X§sf F¶n lh\w sN¿p-¶p. Fsâ Imcyw
km[n-¡p-am-dm-I-s«. Cu BlpXn ssIs¡m-Åp-I. Rm³
\nsâ a\-Êns\ F¶n lh\w sN¿p-¶p. Fsâ Imcyw
km[n-¡s - «. Cu BlpXn kzoI-cn-¡pI; Blp-Xn-IÄ¡p
tijw [qa-KÔw Gäv tlmamÀ¸nX LrXw AwK-§-fnÂ
]pc«n au\-a-h-ew-_n¨v B{K-ln¨ hyànsb kao-]n-¡-
Ww. ]ns¶ hmbv i_vZw CÑnX hyàn hsc F¯n-¡p-
¶-Xn klm-b-I-amb Øm\¯v \n¶p-sIm­v ]d-bWw
AtXmsS B hyàn {]nbw-Ic - -\m-bn-¯o-cpw. IqSmsX
Øm\w hn«-Xn-\p-ti-jhpw AbmÄ HmÀ½n-¡pw.
5. AYmXx kmwb-a \w {]mXÀZ-\ -a m-´ -c -a án
tlm{Xw CXn N BN-£tX bmhssZz ]pcp-tjm-
`mjtX \ XmhXv {]mWnXyw iIvt\mXn {]mWw
XZm hmNn PqtlmXn bmhssZz ]pcptjm {]mWnXn
\ XmhXv `mjnXpw iIvt\mXn hmNw XZm {]mtW
Pptlm-Xn. GtX A\t´ Aar-Xm-lpXo Pm{K¨
kz]v\w k´-Xa- -hy-h-Ñn\w Pqtlm-Xy-Ybm A\ym
Blp-Xtbm A´-hXv bkvXmx IÀa at¿m ln
`h´n GX² ssh ]qÀth hnZzmwtkm Aán-
tlm{Xw \ Pplphmw N{Ipx
A\-´cw Znthm-Zmk ]p{X-\mb {]XÀ±-\³ A\p
jvTn¨ kmwb-a\w F¶ Aán-tlm-{X-s¯-¸än ]d-bp-¶p.
a\p-jy\v kwkm-cn-¨p-sIm-­n-cns¡ ]qÀ®-co-Xn-bn izkn-
¡m³ km[y-a-Ã. B L«¯n {]mWs\ hmWn-bm-Ip¶
Aán-bn lh\w sN¿-Ww. hm¡pw {]mWm-lp-Xn-Ifpw
Hcn-¡epw Ah-km-\n-¡m-¯-Xm-W.v Ah Aa-c-§-fm-Ip-¶p.
DWÀ¶n-cn-¡pt¼mgpw Dd-§p-t¼mgpw Pohn-IÄ Cu Blp-
Xn-IÄ tlman¨p sIm­p Xs¶-bn-cn-¡-Ww. hm¡n\pw
{]mWm-lp-Xn-IÄ¡pw `n¶-amb Ah-Øm-hn-ti-j-§-fm-Wv.
{Zhy-§Ä sIm­pÅ Blp-Xn-IÄ ]qÀ®-sa¶v ]d-bm³
 101

I \nhr-¯n-bn-Ã. {]mNo-\I- m-es¯ Úm\n-IÄ AX-dn-ªn- K

kma-th-Zm-\p-kr-X-§-fmb A\p-jvTm-\-§Ä kap-Nn-X-ambn
cp-¶p. AhÀ tIhew IÀ½ ab-amb Blp-Xn-IÄ¡v Gsd tbmPn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-t¼mÄ ]qÀ®-amb ^e-kn-²n-bp-
{]m[m\yw sImSp-¯n-cp-¶n-Ã. ­m-Ip-¶p. aq¶p thZ-hn-Zy-bp-sSbpw Bßmhv A[z-cy-am-
Ip¶ {]mW-\m-Wv. {]mW³ Xs¶-bmWv Cu hnZy-bpsS
6. Dàw {_tÒXn l kvaml ipjvI `rwKmcx
Bßm-h.v {]mW-s\-¸än C§s\ Adn-bp¶ hyàn kzbw
XZr-K n-Xyp-]m-koX kÀhmWn lmkvssa `qXm\n
{]mW-am-\-\m-Ip-¶p.
t{ijvTym bm`yÀNyt´ XXv bÖp-cn-Xyp-]m-koX
k À h mW n l m k vs s a `qX m\ n s s {i jvT y m 5. AYmXx kÀh-PnXx Iujo-X-tIxkv {XoWn
bpPyt´ XXv k{io-c n- a -X yp-] m-k oX kÀhmWn D]m-k-\m\n `h-´n. btÚm]-hoXw IrXzm A]
lmkvssa `qXm\n ss{ijvTymb kw\-at´ XXv BNay {XncpZ ]m{Xw {]knNy DZy-´a - m-Zn-Xy-ap-]-
{iocn-Xyp-] m-koX XZyi CXyp-]m-koX Xt¯P Xn-jvT-tX. hÀt¤mkn ]m]-am\w ta hrMv[otXy
CXyp-]m-ko-X. XZyssY XXv imkv{XmWmw {ioa- Xss b- h m- h rXm at[y k´- a p- Z zÀt¤m Akn
¯- a w. bi-k zn-X aw tXP- k zn\w XtYm Gssh ]m]v a m\w a DZv h rMv [ o tXyX ssbhm- h rXm
hnZzm³ kÀthjmw `qXm\mw {io¯tam bikzo AkvX w b´w kwhÀt¤m kn ]m]va m\w ta
Xax tXPkzo Xtam `h-X n. XtaX ssajvSIw kwhrMv [oXn bZ-tlm-cm-{Xm`ymw ]m]w ItcmXn
IÀ½ abmXv am\w A[zcypx kwkv I - t cmXn k XZv h rMv tX AY amkn- a m-k y-a m- h m-k ymbmw
Xkvan³, bÖpÀ abw {]h-bXn bPpÀab EIv abw ]Ým- ¨ - { µ- a kw Zriy am\- a p- ] - X n- j v t T- s sXX
tlmXm EIv a tb kma- a - b - a p- Z v K mXm k Gj ssbhm-hrtXm lcnX XrWm`ymw hmIv {]Xy-b-
kÀhssky {Xb hnZymbm Bssßj D Ghm ky-Xn-bt¯ kpkoaw lrZ-b-a[n {inXw tX\ arX-
kymßm GX Zmßm `hXn b Ghw thZ. Xztky imt\ am lw ]u{X-a Lw cpZ-a nXn \
lmkvamXv ]qÀhmx {]Pmx ss{]XoXn \p PmX-]p-
{]mW-s \-¯ -s ¶-b mWv alm-ß m-h mb ipjvI `rw
{Xky AY APmX ]p{Xky A]ym-b-kz-k-taXp
Kmc\pw {_Ò-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶-Xv. DIvY cq]-¯ n-e pÅ
tX kw tX ]bmwkn kap-b´p hmPm bam-ZnXym
{]mWs\ EIv F¶v IcpXn D]m-kn-¡p-I. {]mW cq]-
Awip-am-]y-b´n tXyXmkvXn {k EtNm P]nXzm
¯n-epÅ DIvYs¯ EIv F¶v Adn-bp¶ Úm\nsb
am AkvamIw {]mtW\ {]Pbm ]ip`n cm]ym-b-
temI-¯nse alXzw B{K-ln-¡p¶ kIe Pohn-Ifpw
bnjvTm tbm Akvam³ tZzjvSn bw N hbw Zznjva
]qPn-¡p-¶p. Dà-¯n bPpÀ _p²n-tNÀ¶ D]m-k-Is\
kvXky-{]m-tW\ {]Pbm ]ip`n cm]ymb tkzXn
al-Xz-Imw-£n-IÄ klm-bn-¡p¶p DIvY-¯n kma-_p²n
ssZho-a m-h rX amhÀ¯ BZn-X y-k ym-h rX a\zm-
tNÀ¶ km[-Is\ DXvIÀtj-Ñp-¡Ä \a-kvI-cn-¡p-¶p.
hÀ¯ CXn Z£nWw _mlp-a-\zm-hÀ¯-tX.
DIvYs¯ {io`m-th\ D]m-kn-¡mw. AXn btim-`mhw
D­v. tXPÊv F¶ \ne-bnepw AXv D]m-kn-¡mw. t{ijvT- Iujo-XIn alÀjn¡v aq¶p Xh-W-bp-­mb A\p-
amb [\pÊv iàn k¼¶hpw Gsd tXtPm-a-bhpw Bbn- `qX D]m-k-\s - b-¸ä- n-bmWv C\n ]d-bp-¶-Xv. CS-¯p-`m-K-
cn-¡p-¶X
- p-t]mse Cu cl-ky-a-dn-bp-¶h
- ³ t{ijvT\pw ¯n-cp¶v BN-an-¡pI; ]ns¶ ]m{Xw hnip² \nÀ½e
bi-kznbpw {iok-¼-¶-\p-am-Ip-¶p. Pew sIm­v aq¶p-{]m-hiyw \nd-bv¡p-I. ]ns¶ DZb
kqcy\v AÀLyw sImSp¯v ]d-bWw "{]]-©s¯ XrW
CjvSn-Im-c-Nn-X- amb thZn-bn k©nX IÀ½- bp- à-amb
Xpeyw XyPn-¡p-Ib - m A§sb hÀ¤w F¶v ]d-bp-¶p.
{]mWm-ánsb Bß kzcq-]¯ - n kzoI-cn-¨p. EXzn¡v
Fsâ ]m]w \in-¸n-¡p-I. ]ns¶ a[ym-Ó-¯n kqcys\
Bß-kw- kvImcw sN¿-Ww. bÖpÀth-Z-hn-[n- {]- Imcw kn²-
\a-kvI-cn¨v ]d-bpI' "A§sb DZzÀ¤w F¶v ]d-bp-¶p.
amb IÀ½-§Ä A\p-jvTn-¡-Ww. bÖpÀth-Zob IÀ½-
Fsâ ]m]w \in-¸n¡p. kÔym-Im-e¯pw C§s\ ]d-
§-fn EtKz-Zk - n-²-IÀ½-§sf tbmPn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw kma-
bWw:þ A§sb kwhÀ¤w F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Fsâ ]m]-
th-Zm-\p-kr-X -§-fmb A\p-j vTm-\-§Ä kap-N n-X -ambn
§sf AI-äp-I, Cu D]m-k-\b - psS ]cn-Wn-X^
- -ea
- mbn
tbmPn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-t¼mÄ ]qÀ®-amb ^e-kn-²n-bp-
a\p-jy-a\- Êv ]cn-ip-²-am-Ip-¶p. Ah³ cm{Xntbm ]Item
­m-Ip-¶p. aq¶p thZ-hn-Zy-bp-tSbpw Bßmhv A[z-cy-am-
Hcn-¡epw ]m]w sN¿p-¶n-Ã. c­m-as¯ D]m-k\ ]d-
Ip¶ {]mW-\m-Wv. {]mW³ Xs¶-bmWv Cu hnZy-bpsS
bmw. Hmtcm amk-¯nepw Aam-hmky Znh-kw kqcy-a-WvU-
Bßm-h.v {]mW-s\-¸än C§s\ Adn-bp¶ hyàn kzbw
e-¯nsâ ]Sn-ªmdv `mK¯v ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ kpjpav\m
{]mW-k-am-\-\m- Ip-¶p.
civan-bn N{µ³ ØnXn- sN-¿p-¶Xv ImWmw. B L«-¯nÂ
CjvSn-Im-c-Nn-X- amb thZn-bn k©nX IÀ½- bp- à-amb kqcys\ ]qPn-¡W - w. AÀLy-¯n-\pÅ Pe-]m-{X-¯nÂ
{]mWm-ánsb Bß-kz-cq-]-¯n kzoI-cn-¨p. EXzn¡v c­p-]-¨-]p-Ãnsâ apf-sh¨p {]mÀ°n-¡-Ww. þ "N{µ-a-WvU-
Bß-kw-kvImcw sN¿-Ww. bÖpÀthZ hn[n-{]-Imcw e-¯nsâ A[n-jvTm-{Xn-bmb tZhn kpµc `mh\ IeÀ¶
kn²-amb IÀ½-§Ä A\p-jvTn-¡-Ww. bÖpÀth-Zob `h-Xn-bpsS lrZbw N{µ-aW - vU-e-¯n hncm-Pn-¡p-¶p.
IÀ½-§-fn EtKz-Z-kn-²I - À½-§sf tbmPn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw AXp aptJ\ tZhn Ah-\m-i-]-Zm-[n-Im-cn-Wn-bm-Wv. Rm³

N P
 102

I ]p{X-tim-I-¯m Hcn-¡epw ZpxJn¨v Ic-bm-Xn-cn-¡m³ {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ N{µs\ \a-kvI-cn¨v Xmsg sImSp- K

F¶n Zb sN¿p-I.' C§s\ D]m-kn-¡p-¶-h³ ]p{X- ¡p¶ a{´w D¨-cn-¡W - w. "AÃtbm tkma, A§v temI-
hm-\m-sW-¦n Ahsâ ]p{X³ Abm-fpsS ac-W¯ - n\p ¯nse {]IrXn cq]n-Wn-bmb Da-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb tkma-s\¶p
ap¼v acn-¡n-Ã. ]p{X-lo-\-\m-sW-¦n ap¼n-e-s¯-t¸mse t]cpÅ cmPm-hm-Wv. A§v kÀh-Im-cy-Ip-i-e\pw ]©-ap-
Xmsg kqNn-¸n-¡p¶ a{´w P]n-¡W - w. "tl \mco-cq-]- J-\p-amb {]Pm-]-Xn-bm-Wv. {_mÒ-W³ A§-bpsS Hcp
bmb tkma, \o ]pcpj cq]n-bmb kqcysâ tXPÊv kzoI- apJ-am-W.v B apJw sIm­v A§v £{Xnb cmPm-¡-·msc
cn¨v {]hr-²a - m-¡p-I. DXv]-¯n¡v Imc-W`- q-X-amb hocy- `£n-¡p-¶p. B apJw sIm­p-Xs¶ Fs¶ A¶w `£n-
amb tXPÊv \n¶n ØnXn sN¿-s «. \o A¶-{]m- ¡p-¶-Xn\pw Zl-\-¯n\pw ià-\m-¡pw. £{Xn-b³ A§-
]vXn¡pw tlXp-hm-Ip-I. tkma, \o kuay-Kp-Wh - m-\m-Wv. bpsS Hcp apJ-am-Wv. AXp-sIm­v A§v sshiy-·msc
\nsâ t{ijvT ckw ]pcp-jÀ¡v D]-Imcw sN¿p-¶Xpw `£n-¡p-¶p. AtX-apJw sIm­v A§v Fs¶ A¶ `£-
iàn-Zm-b-Ihpw i{Xp-¡sf ]cm-Pb - -s¸-Sp-¯m³ kaÀ°- W-¯n\pw Zl-\-¯n\pw ià-\m-¡p-I. tiy\w A§-bpsS
hp-am-Wv. B ckw Pohn-IÄ¡v A\m-bm-k-ambn e`n-¡p- Hcp apJ-am-Wv. AXp-sIm­v A§v ]£n-Isf `£n-¡p-
am-dm-I-s«. \o tXtPm-ab\mbn R§Ä¡v Aa-cXzw ssIh- ¶p. B apJw sIm­v A§p Fs¶ A¶ `£-W-
cp-¯p-I. kzÀ¤-¯n t{ijvT-amb biÊv {]Xn-jvTn-¡p-I. ¯n\pw Zl-\-¯n\pw kaÀ°-\m-¡p-I. Aán A§-bpsS
kv{Xo cq]-amb tkmas¯ Zzm-Zi - m-Zn-Xy-·m-cmb ]pcp- Hcp apJ-am-W.v AXp-sIm­v A§v Cu {]]-©s¯ `£n-
j-·mÀ X§-fpsS hocy-am-Ip¶ tXP-Êp-sIm­v B\-µn- ¡p-¶p. B apJw sIm­v A§v Fs¶ A¶ `£-I\ - m-
¸n-¡p-¶p. A£b _e-apÅ tkmaw ]m\w sN¿p-¶p. ¡p-I. A§-bpsS A©m-as¯ apJw sIm­v A§v kÀh-
tkma-Xw-cw-K§
- -fm ss{XtemIy kwc-£-I\ - mb hcp- {]m-Wn-I-sfbpw `£n-¡p-¶p. AXp-sIm­v A§v Fs¶
W\pw _rl-kv]X - nbpw R§Ä¡v _ehpw B\-µhpw A¶-t`m-Pn-bm-¡p-I. A§v Fsâ {]mW³ {]P arK-§Ä
\ÂIp-am-cm-I-s«. tl tkma, \o R§-fpsS Poh³ {]P- F¶nh H¶n-s\bpw \in-¸n-¡c - p-Xv. R§-fpsS i{Xp-¡-
IÄ arK-§Ä F¶n-h-bn \nsâ hni¸v ian-¸n-¡c - p-Xv. fpsS {]mW-s\bpw {]P-I-sfbpw arK-§-sfbpw \in-¸n-¡p-
F¶m R§-tfmSv sshc-ap-Å-htcm R§Ä¡v sshc-ap- I. Rm³ a{´m- [n- ]- Xn- bmb tZh-X- sbbpw A§-bpsS k©-
Å-htcm Bb-h-cpsS Poh³ k´Xn arK-§Ä F¶n-h- c- W -{ In- b - s bbpw A\p-h À¯n-¡ p¶ Iq«- ¯ n- e m-W v .'
bn \o kwXr-]X v \
- m-I-Ww. Rm³ Cu a{´-¯nsâ A[n- C§s\ at{´m-¨m-c-W-t¯msS hes¯ `pPw A\zm-
]-\mb tZh-X-sbbpw \nsâ k©-b-\-{In-bsbbpw A\p- hÀ¯\w sN¿p-I.
hÀ¯n- ¡p-¶- h-\m-Wv.' C§s\ E¡nsâ ]mT- §Ä klnXw C§s\ tkmas\ ]qPn-¨-Xn-\p-tijw ]Xv\n-bpsS
he-Xp-`pPw A\zm-hÀ¯\w sN¿p-I. amÀhnSw kv]Àin¨v Ah-fpsS ASp-¯n-cp¶v C§s\ ]d-
6. AY ]qÀ®-amkymw ]pc-kvXmXv N{µ-a kw bWw:þ "t{ijvT-Im-a-\-It- fmSp IqSn-b-h-sf, \o tkma-cq-]n-
Zriy-am\w D]-Xn-jvtTX GX-ssb-hm-hrXm tkmtam Wn-bm-Wv. \nsâ lrZbw {]P-Isf t]mjn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv.
cmPm kn hnN-£Wx ]©-aptJm kn {]Pm-]Xn AXn ØnXn sN¿p¶ tkma-a-WvUe k-Zr-i-amb
{_mÒ-WkvX GIw apJw tX\ aptJ\ cmtÚm AarXw F\n-¡-dn-bmw. Cu kXy-I-Y-\-¯m ]p{X-tim-
kvan tX\ aptJ\ amw A¶mZw Ipcp. cmPm X I-¯ m F\n-s ¡m-cn-¡ epw ZpxJn-¡ m-\ n- S-b m- I -cp- X v.
GIw apJw tX\ aptJ\ hntimXv kntX\ aptJ\ C§s\ sNmÃn-bm km[-Isâ k´m-\§ - Ä Ah-\p-
amw A¶mZw Ipcp. tiy\kvXp GIw tX\ aptJ\ ap¼v arXn-
b - S - b p- I - b n- Ã .
]£n-tWmÕn tX\ aptJ\ am A¶mZw IpÀh- 7. AY t{]mjym-b³ ]p{Xky aqÀ[m-\a - -`n-ar-
ánjvS GIw apJw tX\ aptJ\ Caw temI-aÕn ti-Xv. AwKm-Zw-KmXv kw`-hkn lrZ-bm-Z-[n-Pm-btk
tX\ aptJ\ ama-¶mZw Ipcp Xzbn ]©aw apJw Bßm Xzw ]p{X-am-hn[ k Poh icZx iX-a-km-
tX\ aptJ\ kÀhmWn `qXm-\ykvXn tX\ aptJ\ hnXn \mamky KrlvWm-Xn. Aivam `h ]c-ipÀ
ama-¶mZw Ipcp. am kvamcw {]mtW\ {]Pbm ]ip- `h. lnc-Wy-a-kvXyXw `h. tXtPm ssh]p-{X-\m-
- t- £-]jvSm tbm kvam³ tZzjvSn bw Nhbw
`n-ch amkn k Poh icZx iX- a m-k m-h nXn \mamky
Zznjva-kvX ky {]mtW\ {]Pbm ]ip-`n-c] - £
- ob KrlvWmXn tb\ {]Pm-]Xnx {]Pmx ]cy-Kr-lvWmXv
tkzXn ssZho-am-hrXm amhr¯ BZn-Xykym hrX- AcnjvssSy tX\ Xzm ]cn-Kr-lvW may kmhn{Xn
a-\zm-h À¯ CXn `£nWw _lp-am-\zm-h -¯ -tX. \mamky KrlvWmXn AYmky Z£ntW IÀt®
AY kwth-iy³ Pmbssb lrZ-b-a-`n-ar-ti-Zyt¯ P]Xy kvssa {]bÔn aL-h¶p Pohn-jn-¶n-Xo{µ
kpkota lrZtb lnX a´x {]Pm-]Xu at\ylw t{ijvTm\n {Zhn-Wm\n tZloXn kthy amÑn°m
amw XZv hnZzmwkw tX\ am lw ]u{X-alw cpZ- am hyYnjvSm iXw icZ Bbptjm Poh-]p{X tX
anXn \lm-kvamXv ]qÀhmx {]Pmx ss{]Xo-Xn. \mav\m apÀ[m \a-h-Pn-{Lm-hy-km-hn-X n-{XnÀapÀ[m-
A\-´cw hyXy-kvXa - mb Hcp D]m-k-\s
- b¸änbmWv \-a-hP- n-t{LXv Khmw Xzm ln¦m-tc-Wm-`nlnw Itcm-
]d-bp-¶-Xv. ]uÀ®an Znhkw kÔybv¡v Ing¡p Zn¡n aoXn {XnÀ aqÀ[m\ a`n lnw Ipcym-Xv.
N P
 103

I A\y tZi-¯p-\n¶pw Xncn-s¨-¯nb ]nXmhv Xsâ {]mW-§-fn-se-¯p-¶p. ho­pw {]mW-§-fn \n¶pw Cu K

]p{Xsâ inc-Ên {LmWn¨v C§s\ ]d-bWw:þ AwK- kÀh iàn-Ifpw BhnÀ`-hn-¡p-¶p. Cu hn]-cn-Wm-a-s¯-
¯nÂ\n¶pw lrZ-b-¯n \n¶pw D­m-b-h\ - m-Wv. \o ¸-än-bpÅ Úm\w kn²n¨ hyàn-bpsS BÚ ]Àh-X-
Fs¶ \c-I-¯n \n¶v c£n-¨p. \o \qdp-hÀjw Pohn- ¯n- \ p- t ]mepw A\m- Z - cn- ¡ m³ km[y- a - à . Ahs\
¨n-cn-¡p-I. \o hwi-]c
- -¼-csb hnÑn-¶-am-¡n-¯oÀ¡-cp-Xv. FXnÀ¡p-¶- hÀ¡v \mi-amWv ]cn- Wm-aw. Cu hn[w ImWp-
a\km hmNm ico-tcW \o Hcn-¡epw ]oUn-X\ - mbn Xoc- Ibpw Nn´n-¡p-Ibpw tIÄ¡p-Ibpw aäpw sN¿p¶ inip
cp-Xv. ]ip AXnsâ InSm-hns\ hnfn-¡m³ i_vZa - p-­m- Xs¶-bmWv {]mW³.
¡p-¶X - p-t]mse Rm\pw \ns¶ kvt\l-]qÀhw hnfn-¡p-
9. AYmtXm \nx t{ib-km-Zm\w kÀhm l ssh
I-bm-Wv. C§s\ ]dªv kqNn-¸n-¡-s¸-«n-«pÅ a{´-§Ä
tZhXm Alw t{ibtk hnh-Z-am\mx AkvamZv ico-
bYm-hn[n sNmÃ-Ww.
cmXv D¨-{Iapx X±m-cp-`qXw intcm ssY\Xv hm¡v
8. AYmtXm tZhx ]cn-kcx GXssZz {_Òm-Zn- {]hn-thi XZzmNm hZ-Ñnipx Gh AssY-\-Ý£px
]ytX bZ-á nÀ PzeXn X{·n-btX b¶ PzeXn {]hn-thi XZzmNm Ah-Z -¨ £p jm ]iy-Ñnipx
Xkym-ZnXy tah tXmtPm KÑXn hmbpw {]mWx Ghm ssY\Xv {]mWx {]hn-thi XZzm-N m-h-Z -¨-
GXssZz {_Ò Zo]ytX bZm- Z ntXy ZriytX £pjm ]iyXv t{imt{XW irWz³ a\-km-[ym-
AssY-X-{·n-btX X¶ Zriy tX Xky N{µ-amk b³ inip Ghm ssY\Xv {]mWx {]hn-th-iX - ¯
- X
tah tXtPm KÑXn hmbpw {]mWx GXssZz {_Ò- Gh kap-¯Øu tXtZhm {]mtW \nt{i-bkw
Zo-]ytX XZv hnZyp-tZym-XtX AssYX {·nbXv b¶ hnZnXzw {]mW-tah {]Úm-ßm\w A`nkw `qb
hntZym-XtX Xky hmbp-tah tXtPm KÑXn hmbpw ksslssXx kÀssh-c-kvamXv temImXv D¨-{Iapx
{]mWx Xm hmw GXmx kÀhmx tZhXm hmbp-tah tX hmbp {]XnjvT m BIm-i m- ß m\x kzco- bp-
{]hniy hmbu arXm-\-NvOt´ Xkvam-ss²h ]p\- kvXYm Gsshhw hnZzm³ kÀthjmw `qXm\mw
cp-`o-cX CXyZn ssZh-Xw. AYm-[ymßw GXssZz {]mW-tah {]Úm-ßm\ a`n kw`qb ksslXx
{_Ò Zo]ytX bZzm-Nm-b-ZXy ssYX-{an-btX b¶ kÀssh-c-kvamXv ico-cmXv DXv{Im-aXn k hmbp
hZXn Xky {_Ò-Z o-]ytX b¨-£ pjm ]iyXn {]Xnjv T BIm- i m- ß m- k z- t cXn k XZv `hXn
GX-Xv·v#n-btX b¶ ]iyXn Xky t{im{X tah Xss{XtX tZhmk XXv {]m]y XZ-artXm `hXn
tXmtPm KÑXn {]mWw {]mWx GXssZz {_Ò-Zo- bZ-arXmx tZhmx
]ytX b·-\ km [ymbXy ssYX-{·n-btX b¶
Hcn-¡Â hm¡v N£pÊv t{im{Xw a\Êv F¶nhbpsS
[ymbXn Xky {]mW-tah tXtPm-KÑ - X
- n. {]mWx
tZh-X-amÀ Al-¦m-cn-I-fmbn X§-fpsS t{ijvTXzw Øm]n-
Xm Gh GXm kÀhmx tZhXmx {]mW-tah {]hniy
¡p-¶-Xn-\mbn {]mW-t\m-sSm¸w ico-c-¯n \n¶pw ]pd-
{]mW-¢n]vXm \ aqÀOt´ Xkvam ssZzh ]p\-cp-
¯p-t]m-bn. AXn-\p-tijw Cu C{µn-b-§-fpsS tZh-X-amÀ
Zo-c-tX. ZXy-Znl hm Ghw hnZzmw k D`u ]Àh-Xm- Hmtcm-cp-¯-cmbn ico-c-¯n {]th-in-¨p. A§s\ {]th-
h`n {]hÀt¯-bmXmw XpkvXqÀj-amWm `£n-W-
in-¨-tXmsS icocw kwkm-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\pw ImWp-¶-Xn\pw
tÝm-¯-cÝ \ssl-ssh\w kvXrWzo-bmXmw AY
tIÄ¡p-¶-Xn\pw Nn´n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw B-cw-`-am-bn. F¶mÂ
b G\w Zznj´n bmwÝ kzbw tZzjvSn X G\w
{]mW³ CÃm-Xn-cp-¶-Xp-sIm­v th­ hn[-¯n Imcy-
kÀth ]cn- {an-b - t´. irWz³ a\km [ymb³
£-aX {]ZÀin-¸n-¡m³ AhÀ¡v Ign-ªn-Ã. AtXmsS
inipx Gh AssY-\Xv at\m {]hn-thi XZv hm
kIe C{µn-b-§Ä¡pw {]mWsâ alXzw AwKo-Ic - n-
Nmh- Z ¨£pjm. ]iyXv t{imt{XW irWz³
¡msX Xc-an-söp h¶p. {]mW-\mWv kÀthm-]cn al-
a\km [ymb³ inipx Ghm-ssY-\Xv {]mW.
Xz-sa-¶Xv Ah-scÃmw k½-Xn-¨p. BImi kzcq-]§ - -fmbn
tZh-]-cn-k-c-s¯-¸-än-bmWv C\n ]d-bp-¶-Xv. Cu euIn- AhÀ kzÀ¤-¯n-se¯nx Aar-X-Xzhpw ssI hcn-¨p.
Imán ian-¡p-t¼mÄ AXm-bXv acn-¡p-t¼mÄ AXnsâ
tXPÊv kqcy-\n-tebv¡v t]mIp-¶p. kqcy³ ad-bp-t¼mÄ 10. AYmXx ]nXm ]p{Xobw kw {]Zm-\a - nXn N
AXnsâ tXPÊv N{µ-\n-tebv¡v t]mIp-¶p. AXp-t]mse BN- £ - t X. ]nXm ]p{Xw t{]jv T - ¶ m- l z- b Xn \
N{µsâ tXPÊv hnZyp-¯nepw hnZyp-¯n-sâXv hmbp-hnepw sshXr- s sW- c w- K mcw kwkv X ocy Aánw D]m- k-am-
{]th-i n-¡p-¶p. AtX {]Im-c-¯n Xs¶ a\p-j y³ [mb DZ- I pw`w k{]m- { X- a p- ] - \ n- [ mb Bl- t X\
hm¡p aptJ\ F´mtWm? kwkm-cn-¡p-¶Xv AXv {_Ò- hmkkm kw{]-Ѷx kzbw tiyX GXy ]p{X\
cq]w Xs¶-bm-Wv. hm¡v Ah-km-\n-¡p-t¼mÄ AXnsâ D]-cn-jvSm-Z-`n-\ n-] -Zy-tX. C{µn-s sb-c -tky-{µn-bmWn
tXPÊv N£p- Ên {]th-in- ¡p-¶p. N£pÊv AS- bp-t¼mÄ kwkv ] r- i y m]n hm A`n- a p- J X Gh m k oX
AXnsâ iàn ImXp-If - n {]th-in-¡p-¶p. ImXnsâ AYmkvssa kw{]-b-ÑXn hmNw ta Xzbn Z[m-\oXn
iàn Ah-km-\n-¡p-t¼mÄ AXv a\-Ên sNs¶-¯p- ]nXm hmNw tX abn Z[ CXn ]p{Xx {]mWw
¶p. a\Êv \njv{In-b-am-bn-¯o-cp-t¼mÄ AXnsâ tXPÊv taXzbn Z[m-\oXn ]nXm {]mWw tX abn Z[ CXn

N P

I ]p{Xx N£pÀ ta Xzbn Z[m-\oXn ]nXm. N£p-
kvtX-abn Z[ CXn ]p{Xx t{im{Xw ta Xzbn Z[m-
\oXn ]nXm t{km{Xw ta abn Z[ CXn ]p{Xx
A¶m-c-kmXv ta Xzbn Z[m-\o-Xn. ]nXm A¶ ckmw
kvtX abn Z[ CXn ]p{Xx IÀ½mWn ta Xzbn
Z[m-\o-Xn. ]nXm IÀ½mWn ta abn Z[ CXn. ]p{Xx
kpJ ZpxtJ ta Xzbn Z[m-\ o- X n. ]nXm kpJ
ZpxJtX abn Z[ CXn. ]p{Xx B\µw cXnw
{]PmXow tX abn Z[ CXn. ]p{X CXymta Xzbn
Z[m-\oXn ]nXm CXymkvtX abn Z[ CXn ]p{Xx
[ntbm hnÚm-Xhyw Imam³ ta Xzbn ZnZm-\oXn
]nXm [ntbm hnÚm-Xhyw Imamw kvtX abn Z[
CXn ]p{Xx AY Z£nWm hpXv {]mMp ]\n jv{Ia-
XnXw ]nXm \p a{´-btX btim {_Ò hÀ¨
ka-¶mZyw IoÀ¯n kvXzmÖpj Xman-XytY Xcx
khyw ka-\z-t]-£tX ]mWn\m A´À [mb hk-
\m-t´\ hm{]-ÑmZy kzÀ¤mXv temImXv I Imam
\m]v\ p loXn kbcy KZx kymXv ]p{XssWy
iztcy ]nXm- k - h - t kXv ]cn- h m- t P- Z yZyp ssh
t{]bmZy tZssh\w kam-]-bmXn XYm. kam-]bn
Xthym `hXn XYm kam-]-bn-Xthym `h-Xn. CXn
ZznXo-tbm-[ym-bx
Xsâ A´y-Imew kao-]n-¨p-sh¶v t_m[yw h¶m Ã. kXy-kz-cq-]\
]nXm-hn\v ]p{Xs\ hnfn¨v Xsâ {]mW-i-ànsb Ah- Fs¶ a\-Ên-em-¡p-I. a\p-jy-Pm-Xn¡v Fs¶ \Ã-t]mse
\n {]Xn-jvTn- ¡m-hp-¶- Xm-Wv. AXn-\mbn AbmÄ ]p{Xsâ a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶X
kÀhmw-K-§fpw kv]Àin¨v Xsâ hm¡v, {]mW³ {LmWw
N£pÊv t{im{Xw A¶-ckw IÀ½w kpJ ZpxJ-§Ä
k´m-t\m-Xv]m-Z\ iàn k©m-c-iàn _p²n apX-em-
bh Ah\v {]Zm\w sN¿mw. ]p{X\v Ah kzoI-cn-¡m-hp-
¶- Xm-W.v AXn- \p- tijw ]nXmhv Pohn-¨n-cn- ¡p- I-bm-sW-¦nÂ
]p{Xs\ B{i-bn¨v Ign-ªp-Iq-Sp-Itbm k\ymkw kzoI-
cn¨v Krlw ssI shSn-bp-Itbm Bhmw. A§s\ ]p{X\v
]nXm-hnsâ kÀh iànIfpw ssI hcn-¡m³ Ignbpw
AtXmsS ]p{X³ ]nXm-hnsâ bYmÀ° A\-´c
in-bmbn `hn-¡p-¶p.
]p{X-t\mSv ]nXmhv ]d-bp-¶Xpw ]p{X³ {]Xyp-¯-c- Ahsâ apJ¯v \oe-a-bp-­m-hn-Ã.
ambn ]d-bp-¶X - p-amb hmIy-§-fmWv aqe-¯n DÄs¡m-
Åp- ¶-Xv.
aq¶mw A²ymbw
1. {]XÀZt\m l ssZthm-Zm-kn-cn-{µky {]nbw
[mtam-] -P -K m-a . bpt²\ N ]ucp-tjW N Xw
tl{µx DhmNx {]XÀZ-\ , hcw tX ZZm \nXn.
ktlm-hmN {]XÀZ\x Xztah hrWojz bw Xzw
a\p-jymb lnX-Xaw a\yk CXn Xw tl{µ Dhm-
Nb \ ssh htcm Ah-ckvssa hrWo-tX. Xztah
hrWo-tjy-tXyh ahtcm ssh Ine CXn tlm
hmN. {]ZÀZ\x AY Jep C{µx kXym-tZh t\\m-
N P
104
b. kXyw lo{µx ktlm-hm-N. am tah hnPm-\oln K
GX-tZ-h mlw a\p-jymb lnX-Xaw at\y-b³amw
hnPm-\o-bm-Xv. {Xn{io-ioÀjmWmw Xzmjv{S-a-l-\-a-
cp³ap-Jm-\y-Xo³ kmem-hr-tI`yx {]mbÑw hÓox
kw[m AXn-{Iay Znhn {]ËmZo bm\-XrW al-a-
´-cot£ ]utem-am³ ]rYnhymw Ime-Jm-\-Pm³.
Xky ta X{X \ tema N am aob-tX. ktbm amw
hnPm-\o-bm-¶mky tI\ N IÀ½Wm temtIm aob-
tX. \ amXr-ht- [\ \ ]nXr-h-t[\ \ kvtXtb\
\ {`qW-lX - ybm \mky ]m]w N\-N-Irtjm apJm-
¶oew th XoXn.
Znthm-Zm-ksâ ]p{X-\mb {]XÀ±-\³ Hcn-¡Â kzÀ¤-
¯n t]mbn. At±-l-¯nsâ bp² NmXp-cyhpw ]pcp-
jmÀ°hpw I­v C{µ³ hfsc k´p-jvS-\mbn C§s\
]dªp:þ "Rm³ A§bv¡v F´p hcw XcWw?' {]XÀ±-
\³ ]dªp: "tZh-cm-P³, A§v GsXmcp hkvXp-hmtWm
a\pjy PmXn¡v awK-f-Im-cn-sb¶p a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶Xv AXv
Xcq. hcw A§p-Xs¶ Xnc-sª-Sp- ¡p- I.' AXp- tI«v C{µ³
]dªp:þ "hcw Bcpw A\yÀ¡p-th­n tNmZn-¡m-dn-Ã.'
AXn- \m A§-bvs¡-´m- h-iytam AXv tNmZn-¡mw. {]ZÀ±-
\³ ]d-ªp. A§-s\-sb-¦n F\n¡v Hcp hchpw tNmZn-
¡m-\n-Ã. C{µ³ GXm-bmepw hm¡n \n¶v ]n³am-dn-bn-
- mb C{µ³ ]dªp:þ "{]XÀ±-\, A§v
- mWv awK-fI - -cw.'
{]Pm- ]-Xn-bpsS ]p{X-\mb hniz-cq-]-s\¶ {Xnin-c-Êns\
Rm³ h{Pm-bp-[-¯m l\n-¨p. B{i-a{- `-jvS-cmb k\ym-
kn-amsc AwK-`wKw hcp¯n Ipdp-\c - n-IÄ¡v sImSp-¯p.
{]ËmZ ]cn-Nm-c-Ic - mb cm£-k³amsc sIm¶pw {]tem-
am-kp-csâ ]cn-Nm-I-scbpw Ime-Im-iy-sc¶ ssZXy-scbpw
sIms¶m-Sp-¡n. AXp-sIm-s­m¶pw F\n¡v £oWw `hn-
¨n-Ã. C§s\ Fs¶ a\-Ên-em-¡n-bm Abm-fpsS ]pWy-
temIw A£p-®a - m-bn-cn-¡pw. Fsâ bYmÀ° kzcq]w
- m-hI
- m-
{Kln-¨-hs\ Hcp ]m]hpw D]-{Z-hn-¡n-Ã. Ah³ Hcp ]m]-
¯nepw ]¦m-fn-bm-In-Ã. ]m]-{]-hr¯n Pm{K-¯m-bmepw
2. k tlm hmN {]mtWm kvan {]Úm-ßmXw
amam-bp-c-ar-Xa
- n-Xyp-]m-kzm. Bbpx {]mWx {]mtWm
hm Bbpx {]mW Ghm arXw bmhXv ln Ak-
an³ icotc {]mtWm hkXn Xmh Zmbpx {]mtW\
ln Gh Akvan³ temtI AarX Xzam-]vt\m-Xn.
{]tÚbm kXyw k¦ev]w k tbm aam-bp-c-
ar-X-an-Xyp-]mkvtX kÀh-am-bp-c-kvan³ temI bG-
Xn. B]vt \mXn Aar-X Xzw A£nXnw kzÀt¤-
temtI Xss²I Blp-tcI `qbw ssh {]mWm
KÑ-´o-Xn. \ ln IÝ\ iIv\p bmXv kIr-ZzmNm
\ma-{]-Úm-]b - nXpw N£pjm cq]w t{imt{XW
i_vZw a\-km-[ymXpw CXn GI-`qbw ssh{]mWmx
 105
I GssI-I-ta-Xm-\n. kÀhm-tWym-h-{]-Úm-]-b´n
hmNw hZ´n kÀth {]mWm A\p-h-Z-´n. N£px
]iyXv kÀth {]mWmx A\p-] -i y´n t{im{Xw
irWzXv kÀth {]mWm A\p-ir-W z-´n. {]mWw
{]mWm´w kÀth {]mWmx A\p- {]m- W -´ o-X n.
Gh apssl-X-Z nXn tl{µ DhmN AkvX n-tXzh
{]mWm\mw \nx t{ib-k-an-Xn.
ho­pw C{µ³ ]d-ªp. "Rm³ {]Ú- bpsS km£mXv
cq]-amb {]mW-\m-Wv. B {]mW\pw {]Úm-cq-]a - mb
Bßm-thmSp IqSn-b-hs - \¶pw Adn-ªn-«pÅ C{µ-\mb
Fs¶ Bbp-Êm-sW¶pw Aar-X-am-sW¶pw IcpXn D]m-
kn-¡p-I. {]mW³ Aar-X-am-Ip-¶p. AXp-Xs¶ Bbp-Êpw.
Bbp-Êp-Xs¶ {]mW³. Cu tZl-¯n {]mW³ DÅn-S-
t¯mfw am{Xta Bbp-Êp-Åq. F¶m {]mW-cq-]n-bmb
Pohn ]c-tem-I¯p t]mbn Aar-X-¯nsâ B\µw A\p-
`-hn-¡p-¶p. {]Ú aptJ-\ -bmWv kXym-k -Xy-§-fpsS
\nÀ®-bw. C{µ-\mb Fs¶ Bbp-sʶpw Aar-X-sa¶pw
IcpXn D]m-kn-¡p-¶-h³ temI-¯n ]qÀ®m-bp-Êp-hsc
Pohn-¨n-cp¶v kzÀ¤ {]m]vXn-¡p-tijw Hcn-¡epw \jvS-
am-I m¯ Aar- X - X z- ¯ nsâ B\µw A\p-` - h n- ¡ pw.
{]mWs\ kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw Nne ]WvUn-X· - mÀ ]d-
bp-¶Xv FÃm {]mW-§fpw Htc `mhw tNÀ¶-Xm-sW-¶m-
Wv. HcmÄ¡pw ImXp-sIm­v tIÄ¡m\pw a\-Êp-sIm-­v
Nn´n-¡m\pw I®p-sIm­v ImWm\pw hm¡p-sIm­v ]d-
bm\pw Hcp-an¨v km[y-a-Ã. Ah-sb-s¡m-­pÅ A\p-`hw
{]tXyIw {]tXyIw ka- b-¯m-Wv. a\Êp Nn´n-¡p¶ L«-
¯n asäÃm {]mW-§fpw AXp-ambn kl-Ic - n¨v Nn´m-
a-b-am-Ip-¶p. t\{Xw Fs´-¦nepw ImWp-t¼mÄ aäp {]mW-
§Ä AXns\ A\p-k-cn-¡p-¶p. hm¡v Fs´-¦nepw ]d-
bp-t¼mÄ aäp {]mW-§Ä AXnsâ klm-bn-I-fm-Ip-¶p.
ImXp tIÄ¡p- t¼mgpw A§-s\-¯-s¶. {][m\ {]mWsâ
Imcy-¯n aäp {]mW-§ Ä kl-I-cn-¡ p-¶ p. C{µ³
]dªp: ""FÃm {]mW-§fpw H¶p-Xs - ¶. Cu ]©-{]m-
W-§fpw IeymW kzcq-]n-I-fmWv F¶ Imcyw bYmÀ°-
a-s{X.''
3. PohXn hmK-t]tXm aqIm³ ln ]iymtam
Pohn-Xn. N£p ct] tXm AÔm³ ln ]iymtam
PohXn t{im{Xm t]tXm _[n-cm³ ln ]iymtam
Poh-Xn. at\m t]tXm _mem³ ln ]iymtam Poh-
Xn. _mlp-Ñnt¶m Poh-Xyp-cp-Ñn¶ CXnx Ghw ln
]iyma CXn. AY Jep {]mW Gh {]ÚmXv
taZw icocw ]cn-Kr-tlym-°m-]-b-Xn.
hm¡v CsÃ-¦nepw a\p-jy³ Pohn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. aqI-\mb
hyàn CXn-¶p-Zm-l-cW - a
- m-W-tÃm. AÔ\pw Pohn-¨n-cn-
¡p¶p. _[n-c\pw acn-¡p-¶n-Ã. a\-Èà - n-bn-sÃ-¦nepw
inip-¡Ä Pohn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. ssIIm-ep-Itfm aäv AwK-
§tfm \jvS-s¸-«-hcpw Pohn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p­v F¶m {]mW-
\n- Ãm¯ ]£w bmsXm-cmÄ¡pw Hcn-¡epw Pohn-¨n-cn- ¡m³
Ign-bp-¶n-Ã.
N P
Xkvam-t Z-X-tZh D]m-ko-X . tbm ssh {]mWx K
km {]Úm bm hm {]Úm k {]mWx k ln
GXm-h -k va n³ icotc hkXx ktlmXv {Ima-X -
kvXssky Gjm Gh ZrjvSnx GXXv hnÚm-\w.
b{X GXXv ]pcpjx kp]vXx kz]v\w \ I©\
]iy- X yYmkv a n³ {]mW Gh GIYm `h-´ n.
XssZ\w hmIv kÀsshÀ\m- a `nx klm- t ]yXn
t{im{Xw kÀsshx i_vssZx ktlm-]ytX a\x
kÀsshx [ymss\x klm-t]yXn k kZm {]Xn-
_p-[ytX bYm-táÀ Pze\x kÀhm-Zntim hniv]p-
enwKm hn{]-Xn-jvtT-c-t¶h ta Ghw Xkvam Zmß\x
{]mWm bYm bX\w hn{]-Xn-jvTt´ {]mtWt`ym
tZhm tZtht`ym temIm. Xky Gjm Gh kn²nx
GXZv hnÚm\w. bss{X-XXv ]pcpj BÀt¯m
acn-j y-¶ m-_ eyw t\yXy kt½mlw t\yX-a-X `
lpx DZ-{I-a o-¨ n¯w \ irtWmXn \ ]iyXn \
hmNm hZXn \ [ymb-Xy-Ym-kvan³ {]mW Gssh
IYm `hXn XssZ\w hmIv kÀsshÀ \ma`nx klm-
t]yXn t{im{Xw kÀsshx i_vssZx ktlm-t]yXn
a\x kÀsshx [ymss\x klm-t]yXn bZm {]Xn-
_p-[ytX bYm-táÀ PzetXm hnkv^p-enwKm hn{]-
Xn-jvtT-c-t¶-h-ta-sshX kvamZm-ß\x {]mWm bYm-
b-X \w hn{]-Xn-jvTt´ {]mtWt`ym tZhm tZth
t`ym temImx
AXn-\m AXn-s\-¯s¶ D]m-kn-¡p-I. {Inbm-i-àn-
bpsS t_m[-ap-­m-¡p¶ {]mW³ Xs¶-bmWv Úm\-
¯n {]hÀ¯n-¡p¶ {]Úm-ß-I-amb Bßm-hv. AXp-
X-s¶-bmWv tZls¯ FÃm `mK-¯ p-\ n¶pw {Kln¨v
hyXykvX IÀ½-§Ä sN¿n- ¡p-¶- Xv. AXn-\m Cu {]mW-
s\-¯s¶ DIvY-sa¶p IcpXn D]m-kn-¡-Ww. {]mW-cq-]-
¯n {]kn-²a - m-bn-«pÅXpXs¶ {]Ú. {]Úbpw
{]mW\pw ico-c-¯ n Hcp-an¨v Ign-bp-¶ p. {]mW-ab
{_Òs¯ kw_-Ôn¨ Úm\w CXm-Wv. Pohn-IÄ apJy
{]mW-\n GIo-`-hn-¡p-t¼mÄ kz]v\w ImWp-I-bn-Ã. B
ØnXn-bn Pohn-IÄ Xsâ \ma-§-tfmSpw t\{XmZn C{µn-
b-§-Ä a\Êv F¶nh-tbm-Sp-sam¯v apJy {]mW-\n ebn-
¡p-¶p. Fcn-bp¶ Xobn \n¶v Xos¸m-cn-I \mep-]mSpw
NnX-dp-¶p. AXp-t]mse a\p-jy³ Úm\w t\Snb tijw
{]mW-\m-Ip¶ Bßm-hn \n¶pw hm¡v apX-emb FÃm
{]mW-§fpw ]pd-s¸«v AXm-Xnsâ Øm\-§-fn {Kln-
¡p-¶p. ]n¶oSv Ah-bn \n¶pw Aán XpS-§nb tZh-
·mÀ {]Xy-£s - ¸«v hn`n¶ {]hÀ¯-\§- Ä \S-¯m-\pÅ
Imc-W-ambn¯ocp-¶p.
{]mW-cq-]a- mb Bßm-hnsâ kn²n-sb-¸-än-bm-sW-¦nÂ
a\p- jy³ tcmKn-bmbn acn-¡m³ XpS- §p- t¼mÄ Ah³ iàn
lo\\pw sslX\y cln-X\ - p-am-Ip-¶p. At¸mÄ Ah\v
]cn-N-b- ¡m-sctbm {]nb P\-§-sftbm Xncn- ¨-dn- bm³ iàn-
bn-Ã. B Ah-Øbv¡v {]mtWm-Xv{I-aWw F¶p ]d-bp-
¶p. B L«-¯n Ah³ Fs´-¦nepw ]d-bp-Itbm
 106
I tIÄ¡p-Itbm a\-Ên-em-¡p-Itbm sN¿p-¶n-Ã. tIhew
{]mW-§-fn ebn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ \ma, cq], i_vZ
Nn´m-Zn-IÄ {]mW-\n ebn-¡p-¶p. F¶m ac-Wm-\-
´cw Ah³ ]p\ÀP·w kzoI-cn-¡pt¼mÄ Pzen-¡p¶
Aán-bn Xos¸m-cn-IÄ ]pd-s¸-Sp-¶-Xp-t]mse {]mW-cq-
]n-bmb Bßm-hn \n¶pw ]©-{]m-W-§fpw ]pd-s¸«v
Ah-cpsS Øm\w kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah-bpsS A[n-jvTm-
Xm-hmb Aán apX-emb tZh-X-IÄ {]Xy-£-s¸«v temIw
\maw XpS-§n-b-hsb bYm-tbmKyw ssIs¡m-Åp-¶p.
4. k bZm Akv a mXv ico- c mXv DXv{ Im-a Xn
kssl ssh ssXx kÀssh- c p-X v{ Im- a Xn hmK-
kvamXv kÀhmWn \mam\n A`n-hn-kr-P-tX. hmNm
kÀhmWn \mam\n B]vt\m-Xn. {]mtWm kvam³
kÀhm³ KÔm³ B]v t \m- X n. N£p- c - k v a mXv
kÀhmWn cq]mWn A`n- h n- k r- P - tX. N£pjm
kÀhmWn cq]mWn B]vt \m-Xn. t{imX-a-kva mXv
kÀhm³ i_vZ m³ A`n-hn-kr-P-tX. at\m-kvamXv
kÀhmWn [ym\m\n A`n- h n- k r- P - t X. a\km
kÀhmWn [ym\m\n B]vt\m-Xn. sskjm {]mtW
kÀhm]vXnx tbm ssh {]mWx km {]Úm bm
hm {]Úm k {]mWx kl- t ]yXm hkv a n³
icotc hkXx ktlmXv {Ima-Xx. AY Jep bYm
Assky {]Úmssb kÀhmWn `qXm\n GIw
`h-Xn. XZv hymJym kymax
icocw hn«p-t]m-Ip¶ Pohn DXv{I-an-¡p¶ L«-¯nÂ
AXv FÃm C{µn-b-§fpw tNÀ¶mWv DXv{I-an-¡p-¶-Xv.
At¸mÄ hm¡v kIe \ma- §- sfbpw XyPn-¡p-¶p. {LmtW-
{µnbw KÔ-c-ln-X-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. t\{X-§Ä bmsXm¶pw
ImWm³ iàn-bn-Ãm-¯-h-bmbn `hn-¡p-¶p. sNhn kÀh-
i-_vZ§ - -sfbpw shSn-bp-¶p. a\Êv Nn´n-¡m-\p-X-Ip¶
kIe hnj-b-§-sfbpw ]cn-Xy-Pn-¡p-¶p. C§s\ {]mW-
cq-]n-bmb Bßm-hn kIe C{µn-b-§fpw kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-
Sp-¶p. Ah X§-fpsS hnj-b-§sf ]qÀ®-ambpw ]cn-Xy-
Pn-¡p-I- bm-W.v
{]Ú F¶v ]d-b p- ¶ Xp Xs¶-b mWv {]mW³.
{]mW³ Xs¶ {]Ú. c­pw tZl-¯n tNÀ¶v Ign-bp-
¶p. Hcp-an¨p Xs¶ c­pw DXv{I-an-¡p-¶p. {]Ú-bnÂ
C§-s\-bmWv kÀh-`q-X-§fpw GIo-`-hn-¡p-¶Xv F¶v hni-
Zo-I-cn-¡mw.
5. hmtK hmkym GI-aw-K-ap-ZrVw Xky \ma
]c-k vX mXv {]Xn-h n- l n-X m-` q- X - a m-{ Xm. {LmWta
hmkym GI-aw-K-ap-ZqVw Xky KÔx ]c-kvXmXv
{]Xn-hn-lnXm `qX-am-{Xm. N£p-tc-hmkym GIaw
Kap-ZqVw Xky cq]w ]c-kvXmXv {]Xn-hn-lnXm `qX-
am{Xm t{km{X-ta-hmkym GI-awKw kpZrVw Xky
i_vZx ]c-kvXmXv {]Xn-hn-lnXm `qX-am{Xm Pnssl-
hmkym GI-a w- K w. apZqUw Xkym- ¶ - c kx ]c-
k v X mXv {] Xn- h n- l n- X m. `qX - a m{Xm l k v X m
N P
thhmkym GI-a m-{X-a p-Z q-V w. Xtbm IÀ½ ]c- K
kvXmXv {]Xn-hn-lnXm `qX-am-{Xm. ico-c-ta-hmkym
GI awK-ap-ZqVw Xky kpJ ZpxtJ ]c-kvXmXv
{]Xn hnlnXm `qX-am-{Xm. D]Ø Ghmkym GI
awK-ap-ZqVw Xkym-\tµm cXnx {]PmXnx ]c-kvXmXv
{]Xn-h n-lnXm `qX-am-{Xm. ]mZm-th-hmkym GIaw
Kap-Zq-Vw. Xtbm-c nXym ]c-kvXmXv {]Xn-hn-ln-Xm-
`qX am{Xm {]tÚ - h mky GI - a w- K - a p - Z qVw
Xssky [ntbm. hnÚm-Xmhyw Imam ]c-kvXmXv
{]Xn-hn-lnXw `qX-am-{Xm.
hm¡v {]Ú-bpsS Hcw-K-¯nsâ ]qÀ¯o-I-cWw \nÀh-
ln-¡p-¶p. B C{µnbw AXnsâ hnj-b-¯n-\\ - p-cq-]-ambn
]pd-t¯bv¡v Bi-b-§Ä hnSp-¶p. AXp-t]mse {]Ú-
bpsS Hcp AwK-¯nsâ ]qÀ¯o-Ic - Ww {LmtW-{µnbw
\nÀh-ln-¡p-¶p. AXnsâ hnj-b-¯n-\-\p-k-c-Wa - mbn KÔ-
§Ä I­-dn-bp-¶p. t\{Xw {]Ú-bpsS asämcp AwKs¯
]pjv Sn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. AXnsâ hnj-b-¯n-\-\p-cq-]-am-bn-«p-
ÅXv cq]-am-Wv. t{imt{X-{µnbw {]Ú-bpsS asäm-cw-Ks¯
]qÀ®-am-¡p-¶p. AXn-\-\p-cq-]a - mb hnjbw i_vZa - m-Wv.
\m¡pw {]Ú-bpsS Hcw-Ks¯ ]qÀ®-am-¡p-¶p. AXnsâ
kz`mhw kzmZv Xncn-¨-dn-bp-I-bm-Wv. ssIIfpw {]Ú-bpsS
asäm-cw-Ks¯ ]pjvSn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. AXnsâ {]hÀ¯\
aWvUew IÀ½-am-Wv. tZlhpw {]Ú-bpsS Hcw-Ks¯
]pjvSn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. AXnsâ {]hÀ¯\ aWvUew IÀ½-
am-Wv. tZlhpw {]Ú-bpsS Hcw-Ks¯ ]pjvSn-s¸-Sp-¯p-
¶p. AXnsâ hnj-b-¯n-\\ - p-cq-]-am-bn-«p-ÅXv kpJ-Zpx-J-
§-fm-Wv. D]-Øhpw {]Ú-bpsS Hcw-Ks¯ ]cn-]p-jvS-
am-¡p-¶p. AXnsâ {]hÀ¯\ aWvUew IÀ½-am-Wv.
tZlhpw {]Ú-bpsS Hcw-Ks¯ ]pjvSn-s¸-Sp-¯ p-¶p.
AXnsâ hnj-b-¯n-\-\p-cq-]-am-bn-«p-ÅXv kpJ-Zpx-J-§-fm-
Wv. D]-Øhpw {]Ú-bpsS Hcw-Ks¯ ]cn-]p-jvS-am-¡p-
¶p. AXnsâ _mly-hn-j-b-§Ä cXnbpw k´m-t\m-ev]m-
Z-\h
- p-amWv. Imep-Ifpw {]Ú-bpsS cwKs¯ ]qÀ®-am-
¡p-¶p. AXnsâ _mly-hn-jbw \S-¡p-Ibpw k©-cn-¡p-
I-bp-am-Wv. {]Ú-bpsS Hcw-Ks¯ {]Ú Xs¶ ]qÀ®-
am-¡p¶p. AXnsâ _mly-h n-j -b-§ Ä _p²n-ap-tJ\
A\p-`-hn-¡m³ Ignª hkvXp-¡fpw a\p-jysâ Hmtcm
B{K-l-§-fp-am-Ip-¶p.
6. {]Úbm hmNw kam-cply hmNm kÀhmWn
\mam-\ ym-] vt\m-X n. {]Úbm {]Ww kam-c q]y
{]mtW\ kÀhm³ KÔm³ B]vt\m-Xn. {]Úbm
N£px kam-cply N£pjm kÀhmWn cq]mWn
B ]v t \ m- X n. {] Ú bm t{im{Xw kam- c ply
t{imt{XW k Àhm³ i _v Z m³ B ]v t \m- X n.
{]Úbm Pnlzmw kam-cp]y Pnlzbm lnkÀhm³
A¶-c-km³ B]vt\m-Xn. {]Úbm lkvXu kam-
cply lkvXm`ymw kÀhmWn IÀamWn B]vt\m-
Xn. {]Úbm icocw kam-cply ico-tcW kpJ
ZpxtJ B]vt\m-Xn. {]Úbm D]Øw kam-cply
 107

I D]-tØ\ B\µw cXnw {]PmZnw B]vt\m-Xn. {]Úm t]Xm lkvXu In©\ {]Úm ]tb\ K
{]Úbm ]mZu kam-c ply ]mZm`ymw kÀhm- \m a\y-{Xta at\m `qZn-Xym-l. \ml-ta-XXv IÀ½
CXym B]vt\m-Xn. {]Ú-ssb-h[ - nbw kam-cply {]Úm- k n- j - a nXn \ln {]Úm- t]Xw icocw
{]Ú-ssbh [ntbm hnÚm-Xhyw Imam-\m-]vt\m- kpJw ZpxJw In©\ {]Úm-] tb Z\y{X ta
Xn. at\m `qZnXym l. \ml taXXv kpJ- Z pxtJ
{]Úm-kn-j -a n-Xn. \ ln {]Úm-t]Xu ]mZm-
a\p-jy³ hm¡v hiw hZ-am¡n {]Ú-ap-tJ\ Xs¶-
hnXym Im©\ {]Úm-]t- b-Xm-a-\y{X ta at\m
bmWv \ma-§sf {Kln-¡p-¶- X.v {]Ú- ap-tJ\ Xs¶-bmWv
`qZn-X ym-l . \ml-ta-X m-anXmw {]Úm-k n-j -a n-Xn.
{]mW-\n A[n-Imcw sNep¯n FÃm-hn-[-¯n-ep-apÅ
\ln {]Úm-t]-X[ox ImN\ knt²y¶ {]Úm-
KÔ-§-sfbpw {Kl-¡p-¶-Xv. {]Ú aptJ\ Xs¶bmWv
Xhyw {]Úm-b-tX.
t{im{X-§Ä i_vZ-§sf {Kln-¡p-¶-Xv. A§s\ {ihW
{Inb kw`-hn-¡p-¶p. {]Ú aptJ\ Xs¶-bmWv \m¡v {]Ú-tbmSp IqSm-¯-Xm-sW-¦n Hcp hm¡pw Hcp
A¶-ckw {Kln¨v hn`n¶ {]Im-c-¯n-epÅ kzmZv Adn- \ma-¯n-sâbpw t_m[w Df-hm-¡p-Ib - n-Ã. Cu Ah-Ø-
bp-¶-Xv. ssIIÄ hnhn[ IÀ½-§Ä¡mbn {]hÀ¯n-¡p- bn Fsâ a\Êv C¶ `mK-¯m-bn-cp-¶p. "F\n¡v B
¶Xpw {Inbm-io-e-am- Ip-¶Xpw {]Ú aptJ-\-bm-Wv. icocw Imcyw a\-Ên-em-¡m³ Ign-ªnÃ' Fs¶Ãmw ]d-bp-t¼mÄ
hnhn-[-§-fmb kpJ ZpxJ-§-f-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶Xpw {]Ú- {]Úm- lo-\-amb C{µnb {]hÀ¯-\-sa- ¦n Imcy- t_m[w
bm Xs¶. D]Øw t`mKm-ß-I-amb {]P-\\ - -{Inb sN¿p- D­m-hp-¶n-Ã. {]Úm-lo- \-amb C{µnb {]hÀ¯-\-sa- ¦nÂ
¶Xpw {]Ú-bm Xs¶. Imep-IÄ Ka-\m-Ka - \ IÀ½- Imcy-t_m[w D­m-hp-¶n-Ã. {]Úm-lo-\-amb t\{X-¯n\v
§Ä sN¿p-¶ Xpw {]Ú-b m Xs¶. {]Ú-bm cq]w I­-dn-bm³ km[y-a-Ã. {]Úm lo\-amb t{im{Xw
{]Ú-bn A[n-Imcw Øm]n-¨mWv a\p-jyÀ ]e hn[- bmsXmcp i_vZs - ¯bpw tIÄ¡m³ ià-aà - . {]Úm
¯n-epÅ B{K-l§ - Ä km[n-¡p-¶-Xv. lo\-amb \mhn\v A¶ ckm-kzm-Z\w km[y-a-Ã. {]Ú-
bn-Ãm¯ ]£w ssIIÄ¡v Hcp {]hr-¯n-sb-¸-än-bp-apÅ
7. \ln {]Ú m- t ]Xm hmMv \ ma In© \ Úm\w e`n-¡n-Ã. {]Úm-lo-\-amb tZlw Hcp hn[-
{]Ú m- ] - t bXv A\y{X ta at\m A]- ` q- Z n- ¯n-epÅ kpJ-Zpx-J-§fpw Adn-bp-I-bn-Ã. {]Úm-lo-\-
Xyml\ml- t a- X -¶ ma {]Úm- k n- j -a n-X n. \ln amb D]Øw {]P-\\ - {- Inbm kaÀ°-a-Ã. {]Úm-c-ln-X-
{]Úm-\m-t]Xx {]mtWm KÔw I©\ {]Úm- amb ]mZ-§Ä¡v t]mImt\m ]cmt\m H¶pw th­ hn[-
]tb Z\y{X ta at\m `qZnXym l \ml-taXw ¯n km[y-a-Ã. _u²n-I -amb bmsXmcp Imcyhpw
KÔw {]Úm knj anXn. \ln {]Úm t]Xw {]Ú-bn-sÃ-¦n th­-hn[w \S-¡p-I-bn-Ã.
N£p-cq]w In©\ {]Úm-]tb Z\y-{X. ta at\m
`qZnXym-l. \ml-ta-XZv cq]w {]Úmkn j anXn. 8. \ Nmbw hnPnÚm koX hàmcw hnZym. \
\ln {]Úm t]Xw N£p-cq]w In©\ {]Úm- KÔw hnPn- Ú m- k oX cq]- h nZym hnZym- X v . \
]tb Z\y-{X. ta at\m `qZn Xyml. \ml-ta-XZv i_vZw hnPn-Úm-koX IÀ¯mcw hnZym¶ kpJ
cq]w {]Úmkn j anXn. \ {]Ú m- t ]Xw ZpxtJ hnPn-Úm-koX kpJ-Zpx-Jt- bmÀ hnPn-Úm-
t{im{Xw i_vZw I©\ {]Úm ]tb-Z\ - y{X ta Xmcw hnZym-Xv. \m\µw cXow \ {]PmXow hnPn-
at\m-`q-Zn-Xyml \ml-taXw i_vZw {]Úm knj Úm-koX B\-µky ctXx {]Pm tXÀ hnÚm-
anXn. \ln {]Úm t]Xm Pnlzm A¶ ckw Xmcw hnZym-Xv. t\Xymw hnPn-Úmko ssXXmcw
I©\ {]Úm-]tb Z\y{X ta at\m`qZnXym-l. hnZym-X v. Xm hm GXm-Z -ssih `qX-a m{Xm A[n-
\ml- t aXw A¶- c kw {]Ú m- k n- j - a n- X n, \ ]Úw Zi {]Úm-am{Xm A[n `qXw. b²n `qX-
{]Úm t]Xm lkvXu In©\ {]Úm ]tb\ am- { Xm- \ - k ypÀ \ {]Úm am{Xm kyqÀ bZzm
\m a\y-{Xta at\m `qZn- X ym- l \mltaX-¶ ma {]Úm am{Xm \ kypÀ \`qX am{Xm kypx
{]Úm-kn-j-an-Xn. \ln {]Úm-\m-t]Xx {]mtWm hm¡v Adn-bp-¶X - p-sIm-­p-am{Xw Hcp {]tbm-P-\h
- p-an-
KÔw I©\ {]Úm- ] tb Z\y{X ta at\m Ã. hm¡ns\ t{]cn-¸n-¡p¶ Bßm-hns\ a\-Ên-em-¡-
`qZnXym l \ml-taXw KÔw {]Úm knj anXn. Ww. KÔs¯ am{Xw Adn-bm³ {ian-¨-Xp-sIm-­m-bn-Ã.
\ln {]Úm t]Xw N£p-cq]w In©\ {]Úm- KÔs¯ {Kln-¡ p¶ Bßm-h ns\ Adn-b-Ww. cq]w
]tb Z\y-{X. ta at\m `qZnXym-l. \ml-ta-X Zv am{Xw Adn-bp-hm-\pÅ {kaw shdp-sX-bm- W.v cq]-Ú-\mb
cq]w {]Úmkn j anXn. \ {]Ú m- t ]Xw Bßm-hn-s\-bmWv Adn-tb-­-Xv. i_vZw Adn-bm³ am{Xw
t{im{Xw i_vZ w I©\ {]Úm-]-tb-Z-\y{X ta {ian-¨-Xp-sIm-­m-bn-Ã. i_vZw {ihn-¡p¶ Bßm-hns\
at\m-`q-Zn-Xyml \ml-taXw i_vZw {]Úm knj Adn-tb-­X - p-­v. A¶-ck - -s¯-¸ä- n-bpÅ Úm\w e`n-
anXn. \ln {]Úm t]Xm Pnlzm A¶ ckw ¡p-sa¶ B{Klw shdp-sX-bm-Wv. AXm-Xnsâ IÀ¯m-
I©\ {]Úm-]tb Z\y{X ta at\m `qZnXym- hmb Bßm-hns\ Adn-tb-­-Xp-­.v kpJ ZpxJ-s¯-¸än
l. \ml-taXw A¶-ckw {]Úm-knj anXn, \ Adn-bp-¶-h\pw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h\ - p-amb Bßm-h n-s \-
N P
 108
I bmWv a\-Ên-em-t¡-­-X.v {]P-\\ IÀ½hpw AXnsâ B\-
µhpw Adn-ªX - p-sIm-­p-am-{X-am-bn-Ã. {]tPm-ev]-¯n-sb-
¸än Adn-hpÅ Bßm-hns\ a\-Ên-em-¡-Ww. Kam-\K - -
a\ {Inb-I-sf-¸än am{Xw Adn-ªX - p-sIm-­m-bn-Ã. Kam-\-
K-a\
- §
- Ä¡v km£n-bm-bn-cn-¡p¶ Bßm-hns\ a\-Ên-
em-¡-Ww. a\-Ên-s\-¸än Adn-ªm am{Xw t]mcm a\\
ioe-amb Bßm-hns\ Adn-b-Ww. {]Ú-bn ØnXn-
sN-¿p¶ \mamZn hnj-b-§Ä Cu ]¯p `qX-am-{X-Ifpw
`qX-§-fn ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ hm¡v apX-emb C{µn-b-§Ä
DÄs¡mÅp¶ ]¯v {]Úm am{X-I-fp-am-Ip-¶p. `qX-am-
{X-I-fn-sÃ-¦n {]Úm-am-{X-I-fpsS AØnXzw km[y-aà - .
Ch c­n H¶n-s\bpw X\nsb Xs¶ GsX-¦ nepw
hnjb hntij kn²n¡v kaÀ°-ambn Icp-Xm³ ]mSn-Ã.
AXp-sIm-­v, `qX-am-{X-Ifpw {]Úm-am-{X-Ifpw Bh-iy-
am-Ip-¶p.
9. \ln A\y-X-ctXm cq]w In©\ knt²y-Xv,
t\m GX- ¶ m- \ m, XZy- Y m- c - Y - k ym- t cjp t\an
cÀ¸ntXm \m`m-hcm AÀ¸n-Xm. Gh-ta-ssh-Xmx-`q-
X-am{Xmx {]Úm-a m-{X-k zÀ¸nXm {]Úm-am-{Xmx-
{]mtW À¸nXmx k Gj {]mW Gh {]Úm-
ßm-\m-\tµ Ptcm arXw \ km[p\m IÀaWm
`qbmt¶m Ghm km[p\m I\o-bm³. Gjtly
ssh\w km[p IÀa Imc-bXn Xw b tat`ym temtI
`yx D¶n-\o-jX Gj D Gssh\ a km[p IÀa
Imc-bXn Xta-t`ym-tem-tI`yx D¶n-\o-jk - t- X. Gj
temI-]mex Gj temIm-[n-]Xn tcY kÀthix k
a BtßXn hnZymXv k a BtßXn hnZym-Xv. CXn
XrXo-tbm-²ymbx
bYmÀ°-¯n {]Úm-am-{X-bp-sSbpw `qX-am-{X-bp-
sSbpw kzcq-]-¯n amä-an-Ã. cY-t\an Ac-§-fnepw Ac-
§Ä cY-\ m-` n- b nepw kam-{i-b n-¨ n-cn-¡ p-¶ -X p-t ]mse
`qX§Ä {]Úm-am-{X-I-fnepw {]Úm-am-{X-IÄ {]mW-
\nepw ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. Cu {]mW³ AP-chpw Aa-chpw
kpJ-a-bhpw {]Úm-ßm-hp-am-Wv. Cu {]mW³ D¯a
IÀ½-§-fm DbÀ¨ {]m]n-¡p-Ibpw \oN-IÀ½-§-fmÂ
DbÀ¨ {]m]n-¡p-Ibpw \oN-IÀ½-§-fm £bw {]m]n-
¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶n-Ã. apI-fn-se-¯m³ B{K-ln-¡p¶ a\p-
jy-s\-s¡m­v ip`-IÀ½-§Ä sN¿n-¡p-¶Xpw A[x-]X - n-
¡m-\m-{K-ln-¡p-¶-h-s\-s¡m­v ZpjvIÀ½-§Ä sN¿n-¡p-
¶Xpw {]Úm-cq-]¯ - nepw {]mW-cq-]-¯nepw Cuiz-c³
Xs¶-bm-Wv. Cu Bßmhv kÀh-tem-I§ - Ä¡pw A[o-
i\pw temI kwc-£-I\pw kI-e-¯n\pw A[n-]-Xn-bp-
am-Ip-¶p. Cu KpW-§Ä tNÀ¶ {]mW³ Xs¶-bmWv
Bßm-sh¶v a\-Ên-em-¡p-I.
\memw A[ymbw
1. AY KmÀtKym l ssh _mem Inc-\q-Nn\x
kwkv]rjv S Bk. tkm hZZp-io-\-tcjp kh-
N P
k³ atÕyjp Ipcp ]m©m-tejp Imio-h n-tZ- K
tljp CX k l APmX i{Xpx Imiy taXy
Dhm- N . {_ÒtX {_hm- W oXn Xw tlmhmN
APmX i{Xpx kl{kw XZva kvX CtXy-Xkymw
hmNn P\tIm P\I CXn hm D P\m [mh-´o-Xn.
KÀ¤-hw-i-¯n ]nd¶ KmÀKy³ Fs¶mcp {_Ò-W³
D­m-bn. At±-l-¯nsâ ]nXm-hnsâ t]cv _emI F¶m-
bn-cp-¶p. thZw \Ã-h®w A`y-kn-¨-h-\m-Wv. IqSmsX thZ-
§sf A[n-I-cn¨v {]h-N-\-§fpw \S-¯n-bn-cp-¶p. A§s\
IoÀ¯n t\Snb Dio-\c - -tZ-k-hm-kn-bm-bn-cp¶p At±-lw.
Xsâ hk-Xn-bn Xs¶ Ønc-ambn Xma-kn-¡msX ]e-
tZ-i¯pw ]cy-S\w \S-¯n. A§s\ Nne Znhkw Imin-
bnepw Nne Znhkw Ipcp-t£-{X-¯nepw ]ns¶ ]m©me
tZi-¯nepw Nne-t¸mÄ aÕy-tZ-i -¯ nepw Nne-t¸mÄ
anYnem cmPy¯pw Xma-kn-¨p. Hcp Znhkw At±lw Imio-
cm-Pm-hmb APmX i{Xp-hn-t\mSn KmÀKy³ Al-¦m-c-
t¯msS ]d-ªp. "Rm³ \n§Ä¡v {_Ò- Úm-t\m- ]- tZiw
sN¿mw.' AXp-t I«v cmPmhv ]dªp:þ "{_Ò³, Cu
Ir]bv¡v Rm³ A§bv¡v Bbncw ]ip- ¡sf Xcmw. C¡m-
e¯v B {]P-IÄ P\-I³ P\-I³ F¶p ]d-ªp-sIm­v
P\-Isâ ASp-t¯bv¡v HmSn-s¨-Ãp-I-bm-Wv.
2. ktlm hmN _emInx b Gsshj BZntXy
]pcpj- k vX -ta-h m- l -a p-] mk CX. Xw tlmhmN
APm-X-i{Xpx am am GX-kvan³ kwhm-Zb - njvTmx
_rlXv ]mÞ-c - h mkm AXnjvT x kÀthjmw
`qXm\mw aqÀt[Xn hm Al-t a- X - a p-] mk CXn
k tbm s s l X tah ap ] mk vtX X nj v T mx
kÀthjmw `qXm \mw aqÀ[m `hXn
B KmÀKy³ ]d-ªpþ kqcy-a-Þ-e¯ - n hncm-Pn-
¡p¶ Cuiz-cs - \-bmWv Rm³ {_mÒ-_p-[ym-km-[\w
sN¿p-¶Xv? APm-X-i{Xp ]d-ªpþ A§v Cu hnj-b-s¯-
¸än H¶pw ]d-b-cpXv B ip`-hk - v{X-[m-cn-bmWv Gähpw
henb alm³. AXv FÃm-¯n-s\bpw AXn-{I-an¨v FÃm-
¯n\pw apI-fn \ne-sIm-Åp-¶p. AXp Xs¶ FÃm-än-
sâbpw inc-Êv. Rm³ AXns\ AtX-{]-Imcw D]m-kn-¡p-
¶p. kqcy-a-WvU-eh - À¯n-bmb B ]pcp-js\ C§s\
D]m-kn-¡p¶ a\p-jy³ FÃm-än-s\bpw IS¶v Gähpw
DbÀ¶ Øm\-s¯-¯p-¶p. Ah³ kÀh-Po-hn-If - p-sSbpw
incÊv t]mse `hn-¡p-¶p.
3. k tlmhmN _memInx b Gsshj N{µ-
akn ]pcp- j - Y - k v X - t a- h mlw D]mk CXn Xw
tlmhmNm PmX-i{Xpx am am GX-kvan³ kwhm-Z-
bnjvT mx tkmtam-c mPm A¶-k y. BtßXn hm
Al-ta-X-ap-]mtk CXn k tbm tah-ap-] m-ktX
A¶ky Bßm `hXn
KmÀKy³ ]d-ªp. Rm³ N{µ-a-WU v -e-¯n {]Xn-jvTn-
¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶ A´-cym-an-bmb Cuiz-cs\bmWv D]m-
kn-¡p-¶X - v. AXp Xs¶ {_Òw AXp-tI«v APm-X-i{Xp

I ]d-ªpþ ""A§v A¡m-cys¯¸än H¶pw ]d-b-cp-Xv. Cu
N{µ³ kI-e-¯n\pw cmPm-hm-Wv. A¶- ¯nsâ {]mW-\mb
AXns\ Rm³ CtX-hn[w D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. N{µa-Þ-e-
¯n {]Xn-j vTn-¡-s ¸-«n-cn-¡p¶ ]pcp-js\ {_Ò-cq-]-
¯n D]m-kn-¡p¶ a\p-jy³ XoÀ¨-bmbpw A¶-¯nsâ
Bßm-hmbn `hn-¡p-¶p.
4. ktlm- h mN _memI nx tbm Gs shj
hnZypXn ]pcpjx GXta hmlw {_tÒm-]mk CXn
Xw tlmhmN APm-X-i{Xpx am am GX-kvan³ ka-
hm-Z -bnjvT mx tXP-k ym- tßXn hml-ta-X -a p-] mk
CX k tbm sslX-ta-h-ap-]mkvtX tXPkx Bßm-
`hXn
KmÀKy³ ]d-ªpþ hnZyp-·-WvU-e-¯n A´ÀK-X-
ambn A´-cm-an-bm-bn-cn-¡p¶ {_Òs¯ Rm³ D]m-kn-
¡p-¶p. AXp-tI«v APm-X-i{Xp ]d-ªp. A§v CXn-s\-
¸än H¶pw ]d-b-­. Rm³ tXP-Ênsâ Bßm-sh¶p Icp-
Xn-bmWv CXns\ D]m-kn-¡p-¶-Xv. hnZyp-·-Þe- -¯nÂ
{]Xn-jvTn-Xa
- m-bn-cn-¡p¶ {_Òs¯ Cu \ne-bn D]m-
kn-¡p-¶-h³ tXP-Ênsâ Bßm-hm-bn-¯o-cpw.
5. ktlm-hmN _memInx b Gsshj kvX\-
bn\vXu ]pcp-j-kvXt- ahm l ap]mk CXn Xwtlm-
hmN APm-X - i {Xpx am am GX-k va n³ kwhm-Z -
bnjvTm i_vZ-kym-tßXn hm Al-ta-X-ap-]mk CXn
k tbm sslX-ta-hm-ap]m kvtX i_vZ-kymßm
`hXn
XpSÀ¶v KmÀKy³ ]d-ªpþ taL-aÞ - e
- -¯n {]Xn-
jvTn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶ A´-cym-an-bmb Cuiz-cs\ Rm³
{_Ò-sa¶p IcpXn D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. APm-X-i{Xp ]d-ªp-
þ-A§v AXn-s\-¸än H¶pw ]d-b-cp-Xv. Rm³ AXns\
i_vZ¯ - nsâ Bßmhv F¶p Icp-Xn-bmWv D]m-kn-¡p-
¶- X v . A§s\ taL-a -Þ -e -¯ n ØnXn- s N-¿ p¶
{_Òs¯ i_vZ¯ - nsâ Bßm-hm-sW¶p IcpXn D]m-
kn-¡p-¶h - ³ i_vZ¯ - nsâ Bßm-hmbn `hn-¡p-¶p.
6. ktlm-hmN _mem-Inxb Gsshj BIm-ti-
]p- c p-j - k vX -t a-h m- l -a p-] mk CXn Xw tlmhmN
APm-X-i{Xpx am am GX-kvan³ kwhm-Zb
]qÀW-a-{]-hr¯n {_tÒXn hm Al-ta-Xa
CXn k tbm sslX- t a- h - a p- ] mkvt X ]qcytX
{]Pbm ]ip`nx t\m Gh kzbw \mky {]Pm-]pcm
ImemXv {]hÀ¯-tX.
A\-´cw KmÀKy³ ]d-ªpþ BIm-ia - Þ
- e
ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ A´-cym-an-bmb ]pcp-js\ Rm³ {_Ò-
cq-]-¯n D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ APm-X-i{Xp ]d-ªp-
þ-A§v AXn-s\-¸än H¶pw ]d-b-­. CXv {]hr-¯n-iq-
\yhpw {_Ò-hp-am-Wv. B \ne-bn Rm\-Xns\ D]m-kn-
¡p- ¶ p. BIm- i - a - Þ - e - ¯ n ØnXn- s N- ¿ p¶ B
{_Òs¯ Cu `mh-\-tbmsS D]m-kn-¡p¶ hyàn k´m-
N P
109
\-§-fmepw arK-§-fmepw k¼-¶-\m-Ip-¶p. Ahsâ k´m- K
\-§Ä AIm-e-ar-Xyp-hn\v Cc-bm-In-Ã.
7. ktlm-hmN _memInx b Gsshj hmbu-
]p- c p-j - k vX -t a-h m- l -a p-] mk CXn Xw tlmhmN
i{Xp am am GX-kva n³ kwhm-Z-bnjv T m Ct{µm
sshIpWvTx A]-cm-Pn-X m-tk-t\Xn hm Al-taX
ap]mk CXn k tbm sslX- t a- h - a p- ] mkv t X
PnjvW pÀl-hm-] -cm-Pn-jv Wp-c-\p-kvXym-Pmb `hXn
XpSÀ¶v KmÀKy³ ]d-ªpþ hmbp aWvU-e-¯nÂ
ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ A´-cym- an- bmb ]pcp-js\ Rm³ {_Òs\
\ne-bn D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ APm-X-i{Xp ]d-ªpþ
A§v CXn-s\-¸än H¶pw ]d-b-cp-Xv. CXv C{µ-\m-Wv. CXp
Xs¶ sshIp-WT v w. CXp Xs¶ Hcn-¡epw tXm¡m¯
hoc-tk-\. Rm³ AXns\ CtX \ne-bn D]m-kn-¡p-
¶p. AXns\ C§s\ D]m-kn-¡p¶ hyàn Hcn-¡epw
]cm-P- b-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. Ah³ kZm-i-{Xp-hn hnPbw t\Sp-¶p.
8. k tlmhmN _mem-Inxb Gsshj Aáu
]pcp,-kvX-ta-hm-la
- p-]mk CXn Xw tlmhmN APm-
X-i{Xpx am am GX-kvan³ ka-hm-Z-bnjvTm hnjm-
k-ln-cnXn hm Al-ta-X-ap-]mk CXn ktbm-ssl-
X-ta-h-ap-]mkvtX hnjm-k-lnÀhm Gj `hXn
]ns¶ KmÀKy³ ]d-ªpþ Aán aÞ-e-¯n ØnXn-
sN-¿p¶ A´-cym-an-bmb ]pcp-js\ Rm³ {_Ò-sa¶
\ne-bn D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ APm-X-i{Xp ]d-ªp.
A§v Cu hnj-b-s¯-¸än H¶pw ]d-b-­. CXv hnjm-k-
ln-bmWv Rm³ AXns\ AtX `mh-¯n D]m-kn¡p-¶p.
Aán aÞ-e¯ - n ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ ]pcp-js\ Cu
`mh-¯n D]m-kn-¡p-¶-hÀ A\y-cpsS B{I-aWw sNdp-
¡m³ kaÀ°-\m-Ip-¶p.
9. k tlmhmN _memInx bx Gssh-j-a]vkp
]pcp-j - k vX - ta-h m-l -a p-] mk CXn Xw tlmhmN
APm-X-i{Xpx am am GX-kvan³ kwhm-Zb - njvTmx
\mav \ m AtßXn hm Al- t a- X p- a p- ] mk CXn
tbmssl-X - ta-h -a p-] mkvtX \mav\ Bßm-`-h Xn
CXn A[n-ssZ-hXw AYm [ymßw
- njvTmx
- p-]mk XpSÀ¶v KmÀKy³ ]d-ªp. Rm³ Pe-¯n ØnXn-
sN-¿p¶ A´-cym-an-bmb ]pcp-js\ {_Ò-sa¶ \ne-bnÂ
D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. APm-Xi - {Xp ]d-ªp. A§v CXn-s\-¸än
H¶pw ]d-b-cp-Xv. CXv \ma-[m-cn-I-fmb Pohn-I-fpsS Bßm-
hmWv F¶p a\-Ên-em¡n Rm³ D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. C§s\
- -¯nÂ
D]m-kn-¡p-¶-h³ \ma-[m-cn-I-fmb Pohn-I-fpsS Bßm-hm-
bn-¯ o-cp-¶ p. C{Xbpw A[n-ssZ-hn-Ia - mb D]m-k -\sb
kw_-Ôn-¨X - .v C\n B[ym-ßn-tIm-]m-k-\s - b-¸än ]d-bmw.
10. k tl mhmN _memInx b G ss hj
BZÀti ]pcp-j -kvXt- ahm l ap]mk CXn Xw
tlmhmN APm-X-i{Xpx am am GX-kvan³ kwhm-
 110
I Z-bnjvTm {]Xn-cq] CXn hm Al-ta-X-ap-]mk CXn
k tbm s sl X- t a- h - a p- ] mk v t X {]X n- c qt]m
sslhmky {]Pm-bm-am-Pm-btX \m{]-Xn-cq]x
XpSÀ¶v KmÀKy³ ]d-ªpþ ZÀ¸-W¯ -  ØnXn-sN-
¿p¶ Cu ]pcp-js\ Rm³ {_Ò-sa¶ \ne-bn D]m-
kn-¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ APm-Xi - {Xp ]d-ªpþ A§v CXn-
s\-¸än H¶pw ]d-tb-­. Rm³ CXns\ {]Xn-cq-]`- m-th\
D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. ZÀ¸-W¯
- n ØnXn-sN-¿p¶p ]pcp-js\
Cu `mh-\t- bmsS D]m-kn-¡p¶h³ {]Xn-cq-]K
- p-hm-\m-bn-
¯o-cp¶ Ahsâ k´m-\-§Ä Ah¶v Xpey-cm-Ip-¶p.
11. ktlm-hmN _memInx b Gsshj {]Xn-
{ip-XvImbmw ]pcp-j-kvXt- a-hm-l-ap-]mk CXn Xw
tlmhmN APm-X-i{Xpx am am GX-kvan³ kwhm-
Z-bnjvTm ZzoXn tbm\-]K CXn hm Al-ta-Xa - p-]mk
CXn k tbm sslX-ta-\a - p-]mkvtX hnµtX AZzn-
Xo-b-hm³ `hXn
]ns¶bpw KmÀKy³ ]d-ªpþ Rm³ {]Xn-[z\n \nln-
X-\m-bn-cn-¡p¶ ]pcp-js\ {_Ò-sa¶p IcpXn D]m-kn-
¡p-¶p. CXp-tI«v AXm-P-i{Xp ]dªp þ A§v CXn-s\-
¸än H¶pw ]d-tb-­. Rm³ AXns\ ZznXo-b-sb¶pw A\p-
]-Ks
- b¶pw IcpXn D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. [z\n-bn ØnXn-sN-
¿p¶ ]pcp-js\ Cu `mh-\-tbmSp IqSn D]m-kn-¡p¶ a\p-
jy³ AZzn-Xo-b-\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p.
12. k tlmhmN _memInx b Gsshj i_vZx
]pcp-j-a-t\zXn Xta-hm-l-ap-]mk CXn Xw tlmhmN
APm-X-i{Xpx am am GX-kvan³ kw hmZ bnjvTmx
Akp- c nXn hm Al- t a- X - a p- ] mk CXn- k tbm
sslX-ap-]mkvtX t\m Gh kzbw \mky {]Pm-
]p-cm-Im-emXv kwtam-l-taXn
]ns¶ KmÀKy³ ]d-ªpþ Ka-\-io-e-\mb hyànbpsS
]pdsI [z\n-tbmSp IqSn ]mZ-[z\n tIÄ¡p-¶p. AXn-
epÅ {_Ò-s¯-bmWv Rm³ D]m-kn-¡p-¶-Xv. At¸mÄ
APm-Xi - {Xp ]d-ªpþ A§v CXns\ kw_-Ôn¨v H¶pw
]d-b-cp-Xv. Rm³ AXns\ {]mW-cq-]-¯n-emWv D]m-kn-
¡p-¶-X.v At¸mÄ AXns\ A{]-Imcw D]m-kn-¡p¶ a\p-
jy³ ]qÀ®m-bp-Êp-Å-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ahsâ k´m-
\-§fpw ]qÀ®m-bp-Ên-se-¯msX arXn-b-S-bp-¶n-Ã.
13. ktlm-hmN _memInx b Gsshj Ombm
]pcpj k Xta-hm-la - p-]mk CXn Xw tlmhmN
APm-X-i{Xpx am am GX-kvan³ kwhm-Z-bnjvT m
arXyp-c nXn hm Al-ta-X -a p-] mk CXn k tbm
sslX- ta-h -a p-] mkvtX t\m Gh kzbw \mky
{]Pm-]p-cm-Im- emXv {]ao-btX
XpSÀ¶v KmÀKy³ ]dªpþ Hcp hyàn-tbm-sSm¸w
ImWp¶ Ahsâ Ombsb AXm-bXv Ombm-]p-cp-js\
Rm³ {_Ò-cq-]¯
- n D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ APm-X-
N P
i{Xp ]d-ªp. A§v Cu hnj-b-s¯-¸än H¶pw ]d-b-cp- K
Xv. Cu Omb arXyp-cq-]n-bm-Wv. Rm³ AXns\ CtX `mh-
\-tbmsS D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. AXns\ Cu cq]-¯n D]m-kn-
¡p-¶h- ³ AIm-eN - c
- -a¯
- n\v ]m{X-am-Ip-¶n-Ã. Ahsâ
k´m-\-§Ä¡pw AIm-eN - -caw D­m-hnÃ.
14. k tlmhmN _memInx b Gsshj icocx
]pcp-j -kvX-t a-h ml ap]mk CXn Xw tlmhmN
APm-X-i{Xpx am am GX-kvan³ kwhm-Z-bnjvT m
{]Pm- ] - X n- c nXn hm Al- t a- X - a p- ] mk CXn k
tbmssl-Xa - p-]mkvtX {]Pm-btX {]Pbm ]ip`nx
A\-´cw KmÀKy³ ]d-ªpþ ]pcp-j-i-co-c-¯n DÅ
]pcp-js\ Rm³ {_Ò-s a¶p IcpXn D]m-kn-¡p-¶ p.
At¸mÄ APm-Xi - {Xp ]d-ªpþ A§v Cu hnj-b-s¯-
¸än H¶pw ]d-b-­. CXv {]Pm-]-Xn-bmWv Rm³ CXns\
CtX cq]-¯n-emWv D]m-kn-¡p-¶-X.v ico-c-¯n \nh-kn-
¡p¶ ]pcp-js\ {]Pm-]Xn F¶ `mth\ D]m-kn-¡p-¶-
h³ k´m-\-§-fmepw arK-§-fmepw kar²n t\Sp-¶p.
15. ktlm-hmN _memInx b Gsshj {]mÚ
Bßm tb\ GXXv ]pcpjx kp]vXx kz]v\-bm-N-
cXn Xtahm lap-]mk CXn Xw tlmhmN APm-
X-i{Xpx am am GX-kvan³ kwhm-Z-bnjvTm btam-
cm-tPXn hm Al-ta-X-ap-]mk CXn k tbm sslX-
ap- ] mkv t X kÀhw {]Pm- b tX lmkv a m CZw
t{ijvTymb baytX
]ns¶ KmÀKy³ ]d-ªpþ {]Ú-hm\pw {]mW-cq-]n-
bp-amb Bßm-hn-t\mSv kwbp-à\ - mb ]pcp-j³ kpjp-
]vXm-hØ- -bn kz]v\a- mÀ¤-¯n IqSn k©-cn-¡p-¶p.
Rm³ AXn-s\-¯-s¶-bmWv {_Ò-sa¶p IcpXn D]m-kn-
¡p-¶-X.v CXp-tI«v APm-X-i{Xp ]d-ªpþ A§v AXns\
kw_-Ôn¨v H¶pw ]d-b-cp-Xv. Rm³ CXns\ ba-cq-]-¯n-
emWv D]m-kn-¡p-¶-Xv. AXns\ C{]-Imcw D]m-kn-¡p¶
a\p- jys\ t{ijvT-\mbn IcpXn am\n- ¡m³ FÃm temIhpw
Ahsâ ap¶n \a-kvI-cn-¡p-¶p.
16. ktlm-hmN _memInx bx Gsshj Z£n-
tW-£³ ]pcp-jkvX tahmlw D]mk CXn Xw
tlmhmN APm-X-i{Xp am am GX-kvan³ kwhm-Z-
bnjvT m \mav\ Bßm Atá-c mßm tPymXnj
Btß- X nhm Al- t a- X - a p- ] mk CXn k tbm
sslX-tah ap]mkvtX GtXjmw kÀth-jm-amßm
`hXn
A\-´cw KmÀKy³ ]d-ªpþ Rm³ Cu he-Xp-I-®nÂ
ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ ]pcp-js\ {_Ò-sa¶ \ne-bn D]m-kn-
¡p-¶p. CXp-tI«v APm-X-i{Xp ]d-ªpþ A§v Cu hnj-
bs¯ kw_-Ôn¨v H¶pw ]d-b-cp-X.v Rm³ CXns\ \maw
Aán tPymXnÊv F¶n-hsb Bßm-sh¶p Icp-Xn-bmWv
D]m-kn-¡p-¶-Xv. AXns\ B \ne-bn D]m-kn-¡p¶
hyàn FÃm-¯n-sâbpw Bß-cq-]a - mbn Xocp-¶p.

I 17. k tl mhmN _memInx b G ss hj
kthy£³ ]pcp-j-kvtXta hml-ap-] mk CXn
Xw tlmhmN APm-X -i {Xpx am am GX-k v a n³
kwhm- Z - b njv T mx kXy- k ymßm hnZyp- X - B ßm
tXPk BtßXn hm Al-ta-X-ap-]mk CXn k
tbm sslX-tah ap]mkvtX GtXjmw kÀthjm
amßm `hXn
KmÀKy³ ho­pw ]d-ªpþ Cu CSXp I®n ØnXn-
sN-¿p¶ ]pcp-js\ {_Ò-cq-]¯ - n Rm³ D]m-kn-¡p-
¶p. AXp-tI«v APm-X-i{Xp ]d-ªpþ A§v Cu hnj-b-
s¯-¸än kwkm-cn-t¡-­. CXv kXy-¯n-sâbpw tXP-Ên-
sâbpw hnZyp-¯n-sâbpw Bßm-hm-Wv. AXns\ Rm³
AtX amXr-I-bn D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. C§s\ D]m-kn-¡p¶
a\p-jy³ FÃm-hc - p-sSbpw Bßm-hm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
18. XX Dl _memInx Xpjv W o- a mk Xw
tlmhm N APm-X-i{Xp GXm-]¶p _memIm Cu
CtXy XmhXv [oXn tlmhmN _memInx Xw
tlmhmN APm-X-i{Xpx arjm ssh Ine am kwhm-
Z-bnjvTm {_Ò tX {_hm-WoXn k tlmhmN tbm
ssh_m- e mI GtXjmw ]pcp- j mWmw IÀ¯m
bky ssh kvXXv IÀa k ssh thZn-Xhy CXn
XX Dl _memInx kanXv ]mWnx {]Xn-N{Iw D]m-
bm-\oXn Xw tlmhmN APm-X-i{Xpx {]Xn-tema
cq]-ta-hh XXv kymXv £{Xntbm {_mÒ-W-ap-]-
\-tbXv Gln thyh Xzm Úm]-bn-jym-aoXn Xw
l ]mWm-hm-`n-]Zy {]h-{hmP Xu l kp]vXw ]pcp-
j- a m- P - Ü - X pkv X w l APm- X - i - { Xp-c m- a - { ´bmw
Nt{I-_r-l³ _mÞ-c-hmkx tkma-cm-P¶
D l XpjvWo-tah intiy XX Dssl\w bjvSym-
hnNn t£] k XX Gh kap-¯Øu Xw tlm
hmN APm-X-i{Xpx ssIzj GX-Zv_m-emtI ]pcp-
tjmibnjvS Iz GXXv A`qXv IpX GX ZmKm
CXn XX D l _memIn \ hnPtÚ
AsX-¯p-SÀ¶v KmÀKy³ bmsXm¶pw ]d-ªn-Ã. AXp-
I­v APm-Xi - {Xp ]d-ªpþ A§-bpsS {_Ò-Úm\w
C{Xtb DtÅm? KmÀKy³ ]d-ª pþ C{Xtb DÅq.
At¸mÄ APm-Xi - {Xp ]d-ªpþ B \ne-bn A§v
{_tÒm-]-tZiw Xcm-sa¶p ]d-ªXv shdp- sX-bm-bn. A§p
]dª Cu FÃm hyàn-I-fp-sSbpw IÀ¯m-hn-s\-bmWv
Adn-tb-­-X.v AXv tI«-Xn-s\-¯p-SÀ¶v KmÀKy³ kan-X]
v m-
Wn-bmbn PnÚm-k-tbmsS APm-X-i{- Xp-hns\ kao-]n¨v
C§s\ ]d-ªpþ A§sb Kpcp-hmbn kzoI-cn-¡m-\mWv
Rm³ h¶-Xv. AXp-tI«v cmPmhv ]d-ªp. £{Xn-b³
{_mÒ-Ws\ injy-\mbn kzoI-cn-¡p-¶Xv temIm-Nm-c-hn-
cp-²-amWv AXn-\m A§v Fsâ IqsS hcp-I. Rm³
A§bv¡v {_Ò-Úm\w ssIh-cp-¯n-¯-cmw. AXn-s\-
¯p-SÀ¶v cmPmhv KmÀKysâ ssIbv¡p ]nSn¨v Ipsd \S¶v
Dd-§p¶ Hcp hyàn-bpsS ho«n sN¶v Abmsf hnfn-
N P
111
¨p. tl, cmPm-hmb tkma, tl _rl³, tl ip{`-h-kv{X- K
[mco C§s\ At\Iw {]mhiyw hnfn-¨n«pw B hyàn
DWÀ¶n-Ã. AXn-\p-tijw cmPmhv Ahsâ ta NqcÂ
sIm­v \Ã ASn sImSp-¯p. ASn-sIm­ DS³ Xs¶ B
a\p-jy³ DWÀs¶-gp-t¶-äp. At¸mÄ APm-X-i{Xp KmÀKy-
t\mSv ]d-ªpþ Cu ]pcp-j³ ssNX-\y-lo-\\ - mbn Fhn-
sS-bmWv Dd-§n-s¡m-­n-cp-¶Xv? GXv tZi-¯mWv Dd-§n-
s¡m-­n-cp-¶Xv? Ct¸mÄ DWÀ¶v Fhn-sS-\n¶pw h¶n-cn-
¡p¶p?
19. Xw tlmhmN APm-X-i{Xpx bss{Xj GXZv
_memtI ]pcptjm Ai-bnjvS bss{X-XZ- `- q-ZyX
GX-Zm-Km-ZnXn lnXm \ma lrZ-bky \mtUym lrZ-
bmXv ]pco-X-X-a-`n-{h-X-\z´n XZv bYm kl-{k[m
tItim hn]m-SnX kvXmh-ZWzx ]nwK-eky AWn-
av \ m- X n- j v T ´n ip¢ky Irjv W ky ]oXky
temln-X-tkyXn Xmkp XZm `hXn bZm kp]vXx
kz]v\w \ IwN\ ]iyXn AY Akvan³ {]mW
Gssh-IYm `hXn XssZ\w hmIv kÀsshx \ma`nx
klm-t]yXn N£px kÀsshx cqss]x klm-t]yXn
t{im{Xw kÀsshx i_vs sZx klm-thyXn a\x
kÀsshx [ymss\x klm-thyXn k bZm {]Xn-_p-
[ytX bYm AtáÀPz-eX kÀhm Zntim hnkv^p-
enwKm hn{]- X n-j vtT-c -s s¶-h -tah Xkva m-Z m-ß \
{]mWm bYm-b-X\w hn{]-Xn-jvTt´ {]mtW-t`ym-
tZhm tZtht`ym temImx XZyYm £pc £pc [mtc
h lnXx kymXv hnizw-`tcm hm hnizw-`c - -Ip-emb
Gh tasshj {]mÚ BtßZw ico-c-am-ßm-\-a-
\p-{]-hnjvS Btem-a`yx B\-tJ`yx
- nXn k
KmÀKy³ B tNmZy-§Ä¡v D¯cw ]d-bm³ ià-\m-
bn-Ã. At±lw Cu cl-ky-a-dn-bm³ Ai-à\ - m-bn-cp-¶p.
At¸mÄ APm-Xi - {Xp ho­pw ]dªp Ch³ Fhn-sS-
bmWv Dd-§n-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-¶-sX¶pw Fhn-sS-bmWv InS-
¶n-cp-¶-sX¶pw FhnsS \n¶pw DWÀ¶p-sh¶pw Øm\-
ta-sX¶pw Rm³ ]d-ªp-X-cmw. lrZ-b-Ia - e
- s¯ kw_-
Ôn-¡p¶ lnX F¶p t]cpÅ At\Iw \mUn-IÄ D­v.
Ah lrZ-b-¯n \n¶pw ]pd-s¸«v icocw apgp-h³ hym]n-
¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah-bpsS hen¸w Hcp Xe-apSn \mcnsâ Aäw
Bbncambn Awin-¨m-ep-Å-Xnepw kq£va-am-W.v B \mUn-
IÄ ]e-hn-[-¯n-epÅ kq£vak - m-c-¯m ]cn-]qÀ®-am-
Wv. Ah-bn shfp-¸v, aª, Nph-¸v, Idp¸v F¶o FÃm
\nd-§fpw D­v. Dd§p¶ Ah-Ø-bn hyàn Cu \mUn-
I-fn ebn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. kpjp-]vXn-bpsS Ah-Øb - nepw
a\p-jy³ kz]v\w ImWm-Xn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ {]mW-\n ebn-
¨n-cn-¡pw. At¸mÄ hm¡v AXnsâ kÀh-\m-a§ - Ä kln-
Xhpw t\{X-§Ä kÀh-cq-]§ - Ä kln-Xhpw sNhn kÀh-
i-_vZ-§Ä kln-Xhpw a\Êv kÀh-Nn-´-\o-b-hn-j-b-§Ä
kln- Xhpw {]mW-\n Xs¶-bmWv ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-X.v a\p-
jy³ DW-cp-t¼mÄ I¯n-sb-cn-bp¶ Xobn \n¶pw FÃm-
bn-S¯pw Xos¸m-cn-IÄ ]c-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse {]mW-\m-Ip¶

I Bßm-hn \n¶pw kÀth-{µn-b-§fpw Ah-b-h-bpsS
Øm\-§-fn-tebv¡v Kan-¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ Ah-bpsS A[n-
jvTm- Xm- hmb Aán apX- emb tZh-X-IÄ {]mW-§-fnÂ\n¶p
{]Xy-£-s¸«v \mamZn kÀh hnj-b-§-sfbpw {]I-S-am-¡p-
¶p. £pc-I³ Xsâ I¯n Xsâ s]«n-bn AS-¨p-sh-¨n-
cn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse tZl-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ lrZ-b-¯nÂ
s]cp-hn-c hen-¸-¯n ]pcp-jm-Ir-Xn-bn Cuiz-c³ \nh-
kn-¡p-¶p. Ac-Wn-bn Aán \nKqVw hkn-¡p-¶X - p-
t]mse Cu ico-c-¯n Bßm-hp \J-in-Jm´w kÀh{X
A{]-Xy-£-cq-]-¯n \ne-sIm-Åp-¶p.
20. Xta- X -a m- ß m- \ - t a- X - a m- ß -t \m\z]iy´n
bYm N t{ijvTn\w kzmx XZyYm t{ijvTo-kzÀ`pMv
tà bYm hm kzmx t{ijvTn\w `pRvPt- ´y-h-ta-
sshj {]Úm-ssX-cm-ß` - nÀ `pMvtà Ghw ssh
Xam-ßm-\t- aX Bßm-t\m-`p-RvP-´nk bmh-²hm
C{µ GX-am-ßm\w \ hnP-tÚ-Xm-h-tZ-\a
A `n- _ - ` p h p x k bZ m h nP tÚ Y l X zm
kpcm³ hnPnXy kÀthjmw tZhm\mw ss{ijvTyw
kzcm-Pn-am-[n-]Xyw ]cn-bmb XtYm Gsshw hnZzm³
k À h m³ ] m] vat\ m A ] - l X y k À th j mw
`qXm\mw ss{ijvTyw kzcm-Py-am-[n-]Xyw ]tcyXn
1
ssX¯n-cotbm]-\n-j¯v
Cu D]-\n-j¯v IrjvW-b-PqÀ thZo-bs - sX-¯o-cnb
imJbpsS A´ÀK-X -amb ssX¯o-cn-bm-c-Wy-I-¯nsâ
AwK-am-I p-¶p. ssX¯n-c o-b m-c-Wy-I-¯n\v ]¯-Zv[ ym-
§fp­v. Ah-bn Ggv, F«v, H³]Xv Cu A²ym-b-§sf
ssX¯n-co-bp-]-\n-j¯v F¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
im´n- ] mTw
Hmw iw t\m an{Xx iw hcpWx iw t\m `h-
Xzcy amw iw \ Ct{µm _rl-k v] Xnx iw t\m
hnjv W p-c pcp{Iax \tam {_lva m- tW. \akv tX
hmtbm. Xzta- h - { ]- X y£w {_lv amkn. Xzmtah
{]Xy£w {_Ò hZn-jym-an. EXw hZn-jym-an. kXyw
hZn-jym-an. X·m-h-Xp. XZz-àm-c-a-h-Xp. AhXp amw.
AhXp hàm-cw.
N P
112
b Ghw thZ b Ghw thZ CXn NpÀt°m [ymbx K
hf-sc-tbsd KpW-apÅ Hcp [\-hmsâ B{in-X· - mÀ
Abmsf A\p-k -cn-¡ p-¶ -X p-t ]mse hm¡v apX-e mb
kÀth-{µn-b -§ -f m-I p¶ {]mW³ tZl-¯ n ØnXn
sN¿p¶ Bßm-hns\ A\p-Ka - n-¡p-¶p. Hcp-[-\n-I³ Xsâ
]cn-P-\-§-tfm-sSm¸w kpJ-§Ä A\p-`-hn-¡p-Ibpw ]cn-P-
\-§Ä B [\n-Isâ [\s¯ A\p-`-hn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-
t¼mÄ AhÀ [\n-I-s\-¯-s¶-bm-W-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-Xv. AXp-
t]mse Bßmhv hm¡v apX-em-b-h-tbm-sSm¸w Ah-bpsS
{]hÀ¯-\-§Ä A\p-`-hn-¡p-Ibpw AXp-t]mse hm¡p
apX-em-bh Bßm-hns\ A\p-`-hn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. tZh-
cm-Pm-hmb C{µ³ Bßm-hns\ Adn-bp-¶Xp hsc ssZXy-
·m-cn \n¶pÅ ]cm-Pb - -¯n-\n-c-bm-bn-cp-¶p. F¶mÂ
Bßm-hns\ Adn-ª- tXmsS At±lw ssZXy-·msc kwl-
cn- ¡ p- I bpw kzÀ¤-c mPyw hos­- S p¯v tZh- · m- cnÂ
- -kpcm t{ijvTXzw t\Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXp-t]mse Bßm-hn-
s\-¸än Adn-bp¶ Úm\n Xsâ kÀh-]m-]§ - fpw \in-
¸n¨v kIe Pohn-I-fnepw t{ijvT-\mbn kÀhm-[n-]-Xn-bmbn
`hn-¡p-¶ p. C§s\ Adn-bp¶hÀ¡v ap¼v kqNn-¸n¨
FÃm ^e-§fpw e`n-¡m-\n-S-bm-Ip-¶p.
Iujo-X{- Io-{_m-Òt- Wm-]-\n-j¯v Ah-km-\n-¨p.
3
Hmw im´nx! im´nx!! im´nx!!!
CXnsâ AÀ°w {]Y-am-\p-hm-I-¯nÂ-BZyw sImSp-¯n-
cn- ¡p-¶ p.
in£m- h Ãn
{]Yam\phmIw
Hmw iw t\m an{Xx iw hcpWx iw t\m `h-Xzcy
amw iw \ Ct{µm _rl-k] v Xnx iw t\m hnjvWp-cp-
c p- { Iax \ tam {_Ò - t W. \ akvtX hmtbm.
Xzmtah{]Xy£w {_lvam-kn. Xzmtah {]Xy£w
{_lva hZn-jym-an. EXw hZn-jym-an. kXyw hZn-jym-
an. X·m-h-Xp. XZz-àm-c-a-h-Xp. Ah-Xpamw AhXp
hàm- cw. Hmw im´nx! im´nx!! im´nx!!!
 113

I Cu {]Y-am-\p-hm-I-¯n `n¶-`n¶ iàn- I-fpsS A[n- Cu a{´-¯ n thtZm-¨m-c -W -¯nsâ \nb-a-§ sf K

jvTm-Xm-hmb ]c-{_lva ]c-ta-iz-cs\`n¶-§-fmb \ma-§- hÀ®n-¡p-¶-Xn\p {]XnÚ sNbvXp-sIm­v Ah-bpsS
fnepw cq]-§-fnepw kvXpXn-¨p-s Im­v At±-l-t¯mSp kt¦X am{Xsb Ipdn-¡p-¶p. A¡m-e¯v GsX-¦nepw
{]mÀ°n-¡p¶px B[n-ssZ-hn-Ihpw B²ym- ßn-Ihpw B²ym- injy³ ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ cl-ky-hn-Zy-bpsS PnÚm-kp-hm-
ßn-Ihpw B[n-`u-Xn-I-hp-amb iàn-bpsS cq]-¯nepw bn-¯o-cp-I-bm-sW-¦n Ah³ Cu \nb-a-§sf t\c-t¯-
AtX- t]mse Ah-bpsS A[n-jvTm-Xm-¡-fmb an{X³, hcp- Xs¶ ]qÀ®-ambpw {Kln-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-h-\m-bn-cn-¡-Ww. AXn-
W³ apX-emb tZh-X-If - psS cq]-¯nepw bmsXm¶v AJn- \m Ahs\ {i²m-ep-hm-¡p-¶-Xn\v AS-bmf {]I-S-\-§Ä
e- ¯ n- t âbpw Bßmhv A´- c ym- a n-b mb ]c- ta- i z- c - Xs¶ Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-¶p. a\p-jyÀ¡v Hmtcm hm¡p-If - p-
\mbncn¡p¶pthm At±lw FÃm {]Im-c-¯nepw \ap¡p tSbpw D¨m-c-W-¯n {i²-tbm-Sp-IqSn kwkm-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-
IÃym-W-a-b\ - m-bn-cn-¡-tW. \½psS D¶-Xn-bpsS amÀ¤-§- \pÅ A`ymkw kn²n-¡Ww F¶p-Å-XmWv Cu kt¦-X-
fn bmsXmcp hn[-¯n-epÅ hnLv\ §fpw kw`-hn-¡p- §-fpsS `mhw F¶p {]Xo-X-am-Ip-¶p. F¶m euIn-I-i-
hm³ A\p-h-Zn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡-tW. FÃm-¯n- tâbpw A´-cym- _vZ-§-fn \nb-a-§sf ]men-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶n-sÃ-¦nÂ
an-bmb B {_Òs¯ \a-kv¡-cn-¡p-¶p. Ipd-ª-]£w thZ-a-{´- §-fpsS D¨m-c-W-sa-¦nepw Ahiyw
in£-W-a-\p-k-cn-¨m-bn-cn-¡-Ww. I, J apX-emb hyRvP-\-
C{]-Imcw ]c-am-ßm-hn-t\mSp im´n-¡mbn {]mÀ°n-¨n«v
hÀ®-§-fnepw A, B apX-emb kzc-hÀ®-§fpw kv]jvS-
kq{Xm-ßmhv {]mWsâ cq]-¯n ka-kvX-Po-hn-I-fnepw
am-bn-¯s¶ D¨- cn- ¡-Ww. Z´y-amb "k' bpsS Øm\-¯nÂ
hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p¶ B ]c-ta-iz-cs\ hmbp-hnsâ \ma-t¯m-
Xme-hy-amb "i' AYhm "j' bpsS D¨m-cWw \S-¯p-hm³
Sp-IqSn kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. tlkÀÆ-i-àn-am\pw AJn-e-¯n-
]mSn-Ã. "h' bpsS Øm\¯v "_' F¶pw D¨-cn- ¡p- hm³ ]mSn-
tâbpw {]mW-kz-cq-]\pw hmbp-a-b-\p-amb ]ctaizcm,
Ã. C{]-Imcw Xs¶ aäp hÀ®-§-fpsS D¨m-c-W-¯nepw
A§sb \a-k¡ v -cn-¡p-¶p. A§pXs¶ FÃm-{]m-Wn-I-fp-
{]tXy-Ia - mb {i² ]Xn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡-Ww. CXp-t]m-seXs¶
tSbpw {]mW-kz-cq-]-amb {]Xy-£-{_Ò BIp-¶p. AXn-
kwkm-cn-¡p¶ ka-bw, GXp-hÀ®s¯ GXp Øm\¯v
\m Rm³ A§sb {]Xy-£-{_-Ò-¯nsâ \ma-¯nÂ
F´p `mhw {]I-Sn-¸n- ¡p- ¶- Xn\v D¨-kz-c-¯n D¨- cn-¡p-¶Xv
hnfn¡pw; "EX' \ma-¯nepw Rm\-§sb kwt_m-[\
DNn-X-am-bn-cn-¡ptam GXns\ a[y-kz-c¯ - nepw GXns\
sN¿pw. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m FÃm {]mWn-I-tfbpw kw_-
\nav\-kz-c-¯nepw D¨-cn-¡p-¶Xv DNn-X-am-bn-cn-¡ptam þ
Ôn¨v AXv awK-f-Im-cn-bmb \nb-a-am-Ip-¶p. A§s\-bpÅ
AsXÃmw ]qÀ®-ambn {i²n¨v btYmNn-X-amb kzc-¯nÂ
\nb-a-cq-]-amb EX-¯nsâ A[n-jvTm\w A§p X¶-bm-W-
kwkm-cn-¡-Ww. thZ-a-{´-§-fpsS D¨m-c-W-¯n DZm-¯-
tÃm. AXp-t]mse Rm³ A§sb "kXy' a¶-t]-cnepw
§-fmb kzc-§sf {]tXyIw {i²n- ¡p-Ibpw FhnsS GXp-
kwt_m-[\ sN¿pw. F´p-sIm- s­- ¶m kXy (b-YmÀ°-
kzcw thWtam AXn- s\-¸-än-bpÅ bYmÀ°- Úm\w D­m-
`m-j-Ww) ¯nsâ A[n-jT v m\ tZh-Xbpw A§p-X-s¶-bm-
bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNt¿-­Xpw Bhiyam-W.v F´p-sIm-s­-
W-sÃm. kÀÆ-hym- ]nbpw A´-cym-an-bp-amb B ]c-ta-iz-c³
¶m a{´- §-fn kzc-hy-Xymkw D­m-Ip-¶-XnÂ\n¶pw
F\n¡p kZm-N-c-Whpw AXp-t]mse kXv `mj-Whpw kZv
Ah-bpsS AÀ°w amdn-h-cpw. AXp-t]mse Aip-²-kz-c-
hnZy {Kln-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ iànbpw {]Zm\w sNbvXv Cu
§sf D¨-cn-¡p-¶-h\v A\n-jvS-Xsb kzoI-cn-t¡-­- Xmbpw
P\-\a - -c-Wc
- q-]-am-Ip¶ kwkm-cN - {- I-¯n \n¶pw Fs¶-
hcp-¶p. {lkzw, ZoÀLw, ]vfpXw C{]-Imcw am{X-I-fpsS
c-£n-¡-s«. IqSm-sX, Fsâ BNm-cy\v Ch-sbÃmw D]-tZ-
hyXymkw a\-Ên-em¡n btYm-NnXw D¨m-cWw \S-¯-Ww.
in-¨p-sIm-Sp¯v FÃm-bn-S¯pw B kXys¯ {]N-cn-¸n-¡p-
F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m {lkz-¯nsâ Øm\¯v ZoÀLhpw
¶-Xn-\pÅ iàn {]Zm\w sNbvXv At±-ls¯ c£n-¡-
ZoÀL-¯ nsâ Øm\¯p {lkz-hp-am¡n D¨-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-
s«. "ChnsS Fs¶ c£n-¡s«' "hàm-hns\ c£n-¡s«' þ
sIm­v AÀ°-¯n hep-Xmb A´cw kw`-hn-¡p-¶p.
F¶o hmIy-§sf BhÀ¯n¨p ]d-bp-¶Xv im´n-]m-T-
"knX' bpw "koX' bpw t]mse-X-s¶. _e-¯nsâ AÀ°w
¯nsâ kam-]X v nsb kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p.
{]b-Xv\w, hÀ®-§sf D¨-cn-¡pt¼mÄ AXnsâ [z\nsb
Hmw im´nx, im´nx, im´nx þ C{]-Imcw aq¶p-h«w ]d- hyà-am-¡p-¶-Xn D­m-Ip¶ {]bm-ks¯ {]bXv\w
bp-¶-Xn-\pÅ ImcWw B[n-`u-XnIw, B[n-s sZ-hnIw F¶p ]d-bp- ¶p. {]bXv\w c­p- hn-[-¯n- ep­v; B`y- ´- chpw
B²ym-ßnIw þ F¶o aq¶p {]Im-c-¯nepw kw`-hn-¡m- _mly-hpw. B`y-´-c-¯n\v A©pw _mly-¯n\v ]Xn-
hp¶ FÃm hnLv\-§-fp-tSbpw kÀÆ-\miw kw`-hn-¡s« s\m¶pw t`Z-§-fp-s ­¶v AwKo-I-cn-¡-s ¸-«n-c n-¡ p-¶ p.
F¶pÅXmWv. `K-hm³ im´n-kz- cq-]-\m-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m kv]rjvSw, Cuj-Õv]r-jvSw, hnhr-Xw, CujXv hnhr-Xw,
At±-l-¯nsâ kvac-W-am-{X-bn¯s¶ FÃm {]Im-c-¯n- kwhrXw þ Ch B`y-´-c-§-fmb {]b- Xv\- §- fm-Ip- ¶p. hnhm-
ep-apÅ im´n \nÝn-X-am-Ip-¶p. c, kwhm-c, izmk, \mZ, tLmj, AtLm-j, Aev]-{]m-W,
ZznXo-b m-\ p- h mIw alm-{]m-W, DZm-¯, A\p-Zm-¯, kzcn-X-§Ä _mly-{]-b-
Xv\-§fpw BIp-¶p. DZm-l-c-W-¯n\p "I' apXÂ "a' hsc-
in£mw hymJym-kym-ax, hÀ®x kzcx. am{Xm bpÅ A£-c-§-fpsS B`y-´-c-{]-bXv\w kv]rjvSw BIp-
_ew. kma kwXm-\x. CXypàx in£m-[ym-bx. ¶p. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m IWvTw BZn-bmb Øm\-§-fnÂ
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 114

I {]mW-hm-bp-hnsâ kv]Ài-\w-sIm­pw Ch-bpsS D¨m-cWw fn kÔn ZÀin¡-¸-Sp-¶pthm A§-s\-Xs¶ Cu temIm- K

kw`- hn-¡p- ¶p. "I' bpsS _mly-{]-bXv\w hnhm- cw, izmkw, Zn-I- fnepw kwln-Xm-ZrjvSn shbv¡-W-sa¶p Xmev]-cyw. AXv
AtLm-jw, Aev]-{]mWw Ch-bm-Wv. Cu hnj-b-¯nsâ F{]-Im-c- amtWm A{]-Imcw C¡mcyw a\-Ên-em-¡-s¸-S- Ww.
hni-Z-Úm-\-¯n\v hymI-cWw t\m¡-Ww. hÀ®-§-fpsS Hmtcm kÔn¡pw \mep- `m- K- §Ä hoX-ap­v þ ]qÀÆ- hÀ®w,
ka-hr-¯ n-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb D¨m-cWw AYhm kma-Km-\ - ]c- hÀ®w, c­n-sâbpw IqSn- bpÅ cq]w XYm c­n-sâbpw
¯nsâ coXn-Xs¶ kmaw BIp-¶p. AXn-s\-¸-än-bpÅ kwtbm-P-I\nb-aw. CXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ bmsXmcp temIw
Adnhpw XZ-\p-k-c-W-amb D¨m-c-Whpw AXy´w Bh-iy- BZn-b n kwln-X m-Zr-j vS n-sb-¸ än ImWn-¨ p-X -¶ pthm
am-Ip-¶p. kwXm-\-¯nsâ AÀ°w kwlnX F¶m-Wv. AXn\pw \mep hn`m-K-§Ä D­mIpw; þ ]qÀÆ-cq-]w, D¯-c-
kÔn, kzcw, hyÚ-\w, hnkÀ¤w, A\p-kzmcw apX-em- cq-]w, kÔn (c-­pw-IqSn tNcp-t¼m-gp-­m-Ip¶ cq]w)
bh AXm-Xnsâ ]c-hÀ¯n-I-fmb hÀ®-§-fpsS kwtbm- kw[m\w (kw-tbm-P-Iw).
Kw- sIm­v ]e-bn-S-§-fnepw \qX-\-cq]w {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Cu
Cu a{´-¯n temI-hn-j-b-I-amb kwln-Xm-Zr-jvSn-
kwtbm-K-P-\n-X-§-fmb hnIr-Xn-`m-h§- sf "kÔn' F¶p
bpsS \ncq-]Ww \S-¯-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. ]rYzn AXm-bXv Cu
]d-bp-¶p. GsX- ¦nepw {]tXyI Øm\- ¯n kÔn {]tbm-
temIw Xs¶ ]qÀÆ-cq-]-am-Ip-¶p. temI-hn-j-b-I-amb alm-
Kn-¨ n-«p-s­-¦n AhnsS hÀ®-h n-Imcw D­m-Ip-¶ n-Ã.
kw-ln-X-bn ]qÀÆ hÀ®-¯nsâ Øm\¯v ]rYznsb
F¦n AXns\ {]Ir-Xn-`m-hw F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Npcp-¡-
ImWWw F¶p-X m-ev]-cyw. CXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ kÀ¤hpw
¯n hÀ®-§-fp- sS D¨m- c- W- ¯n ta¸- dª Bdp \nb-
kwln-X-bpsS D¯-c-cq]w (]-c-hÀ®w) BIp-¶p. BImiw
a-§-tfbpw ]men-¡-Ww.
(A-´-co-£w) Xs¶. Cu c­n-sâbpw kÔnbpw hmbp
XrXo- b m- \ p-hmIw Ch-bpsS kÔm-\hpw (kw- tbm-P-Iw) BIp-¶p. F§s\
]qÀÆhpw D¯-c-hp-amb hÀ®-§Ä kÔn-bn tNÀ¶v
kw_Ôw þ C\n BNm-cy³ Xsâbpw injy-sâbpw A`yp-
H¶mbn-¯o-cp-¶pthm A§-s\-Xs¶ {]mW-hm-bp-aqew
Z-bs¯ {]I-S-am-¡n-s¡m­v kwlnXm hnj-b-I-amb D]m-
]qÀÆ-hÀ®-Øm-\o-b-amb Cu `qX- e-¯nse {]mWn D¯-c-
k-\m-hn[n Bcw-`n-¡p¶p þ
hÀ®-Øm-\o-b-amb kzÀ¤-tem-I-hp-ambn tNÀ¡-s¸-Sp¶p
kl \u bix. kl \u {_Ò- h À¨- k w. (kw-_-Ô- s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p).
AYmXx kwln-Xmbm D]-\n-jZw hymJym-kym-ax.
C u h À ® - \ - b n C jv S - a pÅ t em I - ¯ n s â
]©-kz- [n-I-c-tW-jp. A[n-tem-I -a-[n-tPym-X nja[n-
{]m]vXnsb¸än ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. F´p-sIm- s­- ¶m ^e-
hn-Zy-a[n {]P-a-²ym-ßw. Xm alm-kw-lnXm CXym-
{ip-Xn-bn Cu hnZy Adn-bp-¶-Xp-sIm-­pÅ ^ew kzÀ¤-
N-£ -t X. AYm[n-t em-I w. ]rYnho ]qÀÆ-c q- ] w.
tem-I-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«p-t]m-hpI F¶p ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p.
Zyucp-¯-c-cq-]w. BImix kÔnx. hmbpx kÔm-
F¶m Cu hnZy-b psS ]c-¼ c \jvS -s ¸-«p-t]m-bXp
\w. CXy-[n-tem-Iw.
ImcWw BwKy-cq-]-¯n-epÅ hÀ®-\-I-fnÂ\n¶pw F{]-
Cu A²ym-b-¯n BZy-ambn ka-ZÀin-bmb BNm- Imcw GXp-tem-Is¯ {]m]n-¡p-hm³ Ignbpw F¶p a\-
cy³ hgn X\n¡p th­nbpw injy-\p-th-­nbpw bi-Ên- Ên-em-¡p-hm³ km[y-aà F¶v Hc-\p-am\w ChnsS D­m-Ip-
tâbpw tXP-Ên-tâbpw hr²n-¡pÅ Dt±-i-t¯m-Sp-IqSn ¶p. temI-§-fpsS {]m]vXn-bn {]mW\p {]m[m-\y-ap-
ip`m- Imw£ {]I- Sn- ¸n- ¡p- ¶p. \ap¡pw \½psS {i²m- ephpw s­¶p am{Xw a\-Ên-em-Ip-¶p. {]mW³ hgn-bm-bn-¯s¶
hn\-bh - m-\p-amb injy\pw Úm\-¯nÂ\n¶pw D]m-k-\- a\-tÊmSpw C{µnb§tfm-Spw-IqSn Pohm-ßm-hnsâ {]tXy-I-
bn \n¶pw e`y-am-Ip¶ biÊpw {_Ò-tX- Px-{]m-]vXnbpw temI§fn-te-¡pÅ Ka\w \S-¡p-¶p. C¡mcyw D]-\n-j-
D­m-I-s«. AXn-\p-tijw kwln-Xm-hn-j-b-Ia - mbn D]-\n-j- ¯p-I-fn ]e-bn-S¯pw ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. F¶m ]rYzn
¯ns\ hymJym-\n-¡p-¶-Xn\p {]XnÚ sNbvXp-sIm­v BZy hÀ®-sa¶pw ZyptemIw c­m-as¯ hÀ®-sa¶pw
AXns\ \ncq-]Ww sN¿p-¶ p. hÀ®-§ -fn-ep-­ m-Ip¶ AXp-t]mse BImiw kÔn (C-hb - psS kwbp-à-cq-]w)
kÔnsb "kwlnX' F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. B kwln-X-Xs¶ F¶pw ChnsS ]d-b-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. (Cu IY-\-¯nsâ icn-
hym]-I-cq]w [cn¨v temIw apX-em-b-hsb kz´w hnj-b- bmb Bibw F´m-sW¶p a\-Ên-em-Ip-¶n-Ã.)
§-fm-¡pt¼mÄ AXns\ "alm-kw-lnX' F¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
AYm-[n-Pyu-Xn-jw. Aánx ]qÀÆ-cq-]w. BZnXy
kwlnX AYhm kÔn A©p-{]-Im-c-¯n-ep­v þ kzcw,
D¯-c-cq-] w. B]x kÔnx sshZypXx kÔm\w.
hyRvP-\w, kzmZn, hnkÀ¤w, A\p-kzm-cw. Ch-Xs¶ kÔn-
CXy-[n-Pyu-X n-jw.
bpsS A[n-jvTm-\- am-Ip-¶-X p-sIm­v ]©-k-Ôn-sb-¶ -t]-
cn {]kn-²-am-bn-¯oÀ¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu kÔn-IÄ¡v Aán Cu `qX-e-¯n kpe-`-am-Wv. AXn-\m AXns\
A©v B{i-b-§-fp-s­-¶Xv Hcp hkvXp-X- bm-Wv. CXp-t]m- kwln-X- bpsS ]qÀÆ-hÀ®-sa¶p Icp-Xp-¶p. kqcy³
se- Xs¶ ]qÀtÆm-à-amb alm- kw- ln-Xbv¡pw AYhm alm- Zyptem-I-¯n {]Im-in-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m AXns\ D¯-c-
kÔn¡pw A©v B{i-b-§-fp­v þ AXv temIw, tPymXn- cq] (]-c-hÀ®) sa¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Ch c­n \n¶pw DÛ-
Êv, hnZy, {]Pm, Bßmhv Ch-bm-Ip-¶p. F§s\ hÀ®-§- hn-¨X - p-Im-cWw taLw Xs¶ kÔnbpw AXp-t]mse

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 115

I sshZyp-X-i-àn-Xs¶ tlXphpw (k-Ôm-\w) Bbn ]d-b-s¸- Im-e-¯n imkv{X-hn-[n- b-\p-k-cn¨p btYm-NnXw \nb-a-]- K
Sp-¶p. c- ambn amXm-]n-Xm-¡Ä k´m- t\m-ev]m- Z-t\m- t±-i- t¯m-Sp-IqSn
\S-¯- s¸-Sp¶ kl-hmkw Xs¶ kÔm\w (k-´m-t\m¸-
Cu a{´-¯n tPymXnÀhn-j-bI kwln-Xsb hÀ®n-
¯n-bpsS Imc-Ww) BIp-¶p. bmsXm-cp- ¯³ Cu clkyw
¨n«v tPymXn-Êp-I-fpsS kwtbm-K-¯nÂ\n¶pw \m\m-{]-Im-
a\- Ên- em¡n k´m- t\m¸- ¯n-bpsS Dt±- i- t¯m-Sp-IqSn EXp-
c-¯n-epÅ `uXnI hkvXp-¡-fpsS {]Im-i-\§ - fpw Ah-
Im-e-¯n [À½-bp-à-ambn kv{Xok-l-hmkw \S-¯p-
bpsS hnÚm\ cl-kyhpw a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p. B tPymXn-
¶pthm Ah³ \nÝ-b-ambpw Xsâ CÑm-\p-k-c-Wa - pÅ
Êp-I-fpsS kw_-Ô-¯n \n¶pw DÛ-hn-¨n-«pÅ t`mKy-]-
t{ijvT k´m-\s¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
ZmÀ°-§Ä¡v Pe-¯nsâ \maw sImSp-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw Ah-
sb-Ãm-¯n-tâbpw D¸-¯n- bn hnZyp-¯ns\ kwtbm-P- AYm-²ym-ßw. A[cm l\px ]qÀh-cq-]w. D¯-cm-
I-sa¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. F´p-sIms­¶m l-\ p-cp-¯-c-cq-]w. hmIvk-Ô nx. Pnlzm kÔm-\w.
C¡m-e-¯pÅ sshÚm-\n-IÀ sshZypXn kw_- Ô- ¯n CXy-[ ym-ßw.
\n¶pw \m\m- hn-[- ¯n- epÅ `uXn- I-hn-Im-k-§Ä {]I- S-am-¡n-
Cu a{´-¯n ico-ch - n-j-b-I-amb kwlnXm ho£-
¡m-Wn-¡p-¶p. thZ-§-fn Cu `uXn-tIm-¶-Xn-¡m-bpÅ
Ws¯ D]-tZ-in-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. ico-c¯ - nsâ {][m-\-amb
km[-\bpw \¶m-bp-]t- Z-in-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶p F¶v CXnÂ
AwKw apJ-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m apJ-¯nsâ Ah-b-h§ - -
\n¶pw hyà-am-Ip¶p; F¶m ]c-¼c \in-¨p-t]m-b-Xp-
fnÂXs¶ kwln-X-bpsS hn`m-K-§Ä ImWn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p.
Im-cWw AXns\ {Kln-¨n-«p-Å-h-cpw, {Kln-¸n-¡p-hm³ Ign-
apIfnse XpS-sbÃp ]c-hÀ®hpw Xmgs¯ XmSn-sbÃp
hp-Å-hcpw ZpÀÃ-`-am-bn-¯oÀ¶n-cn-¡p-¶p.
kwln-X-bpsS ]qÀÆ-hÀ®hpw BIp-¶p. Cu c­n-sâbpw
AYm-[n-hn-Zyw. BNmcyx ]qÀÆ-cq-]w. At´- hm-kyp-¯- kwtbm-K-¯nÂ\n¶v Ch-bpsS a²y-`m-K-¯n A`n-hy-à-
c-cq-]w. hnZymx kÔnx. {]h-N\w kÔm-\w. CXy[n hnZyw. am-Ip¶ hmWn-Xs¶ kÔnbpw Pnlzm kÔm-\hpw (hm-
Wo- c p-] - a m-I ¶ kÔn-b psS {]I-S - a m-I p¶ Imc- W w)
Cu a{´-¯n hnZysb kw_-Ôn¨p kwlnXm ho£-
Xs¶bmIp-¶p. F´p- sIm- s­- ¶m Pnlz-sb- ¡q- SmsX a\p-
W-¯n-epÅ D]-tZiw sImSp-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. CXp-h-gn-
jyÀ¡p bmsXmcp hm¡pw D¨- cn-¡p-hm³ km²y- a-Ã. hmWn-
bmbn hnZym-{]m-]X v n-¡pÅ clkyw a\-Ên-em-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p.
bn Akm- [m-c-W-amb iàn ØnXn-sN- ¿p- ¶p. hmWo-Zzmcm
F{]-Imcw hÀ®-k-Ôn-bn H¶v ]qÀÆ-hÀ®hpw asäm¶v
{]mÀ°\ \S¯n a\p-jyÀ¡p ico-c-¯nsâ t]mj-Whpw
]c-hÀ®-hp-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXp-t]mse Xs¶ ChnsS
AXns\ t{ijvT-am-¡p- ¶-Xn-\pÅ FÃm kma-{KnIfpw {]m]n-
hnZym-cq-]-kw-ln-X-bn Kpcp-hm-Is« ]qÀÆ hÀ®hpw `àn-
¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶p. HmwIm-c-kz-cq-]a - mb ]c-ta-iz-csâ
hn-\b- -t¯m-Sp-IqSn Kpcp-hns\ tkhn-¡p¶ hnZym-`n-em-jn-
\ma-P-]-¯nÂ\n¶pw ]c-am-ßm-hn-t\bpw {]m]n-¡p-hm³
bmb injy³ ]c-hÀ®-hp-am-Ip-¶p. AXp-t]mse kÔn-
km[n-¡p-¶p. C{]-Imcw hmWn-bn imco-cn-Ihpw Bß-
bn c­p- hÀ®- §- fpsS kwtbm-Kw- sIm­v F§ns\ aq¶m-
hn-jb - -I-hp-amb c­p-X-c-¯n-epÅ D¶Xn kwPm-X-am-¡p-
a-Xmbn Hcp ]pXnb hÀ®-ap-­m-Ip-¶pthm AtX-{]-Imcw
¶-Xn-\pÅ Ignhp \nd-ªp-\n¡p-¶p. Cu cl-kys¯
Kpcp-hn-tâbpw injy-tâbpw kw_-Ô-¯n \n¶p-Û-hn-
a\-Ên-em¡n bmsXmcp a\p-jy³ Xsâ hmWnsb bYm-
¡p¶ þ hnZy Úm\w-Xs¶ þ ChnsS kÔn- bm-Ip-¶p. Cu
tbmKyw D]-tbm-Kn- ¡p-¶pthm Ah³ hmIviàn {]m]n-¨n«v
hnZym-cq-]-kÔn {]I-S-am-Ip-¶-Xn-\pÅ Imc-W-amWp {]h-N-
AXp-h-gn-bmbn A`o-jSv - ^-es¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn kaÀ°-
\w. Kpcp-hnsâ D]-tZ- ihpw injysâ {i²m-]qÀÆ- apÅ {ih-
\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p.
Whpw {Kl-Whpw þ Xs¶ kÔm\w BIp-¶p. bmsXm-cp-
¯³ Cu clkyw a\-Ên-em¡n hnZzm-\mb Kpcp-hns\ CXoam alm kwlnXm b Gh-taXm alm-kw-
tkhn-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ XoÀ¨-bmbpw hnZysb {]m]n-¨n«v lnXm hymJymXm thZ. kw[o-btX {]Pbm ]ip-
Úm\n-bm-bn- ¯o-cp-¶p. `nx. {_Ò-hÀ¨-tk-\m-¶m-tZy\ kphÀt¤W temtI-
\.
AYm-[n-{]-Pw. amXm ]qÀÆ-cq-]w, ]ntXm-¯-c-cq-]w.
{]Pm kÔnx. {]P-\\w kÔm-\w. CXy-[n-{]-Pw. Cu a{´-¯n A©p-{]-Im-c-¯n ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶
alm- kw-ln- X-I-fpsS bYmÀ°-Úm-\-^ew ]d-b-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-
Cu a{´- ¯n kwln-Xm-cq-]-¯n {]Pm-hÀ®\w \S-
¶p. Chsb Adn-bp-¶-h\p Xsâ CÑ-¡-\p-Iq-e- amb k´m-
¯n-bn«v k´m-\-{]m-]vXn-¡pÅ clkyw a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p.
\s¯ {]m]n-¡p-hm³ Ignbp-Ibpw hnZy-h-gn-bmbn {_Ò
Cu {]Pm-hn-j- b- kw- ln- X-bn amXm- hm- Is« ]qÀÆ-hÀ®hpw
tXP-Ê-¼-¶-\mbn `hn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Xsâ CÑm-\p-
]nXmhv ]c-hÀ®-hp-am-Ip-¶p. c­p hÀ®-§-fpsS kÔn-
k-c-Wa- mbn \m\m-{]-Im-c-¯n-epÅ arK-§-tfbpw A¶w
bnÂ\n¶pw Hcp ]pXnb hÀ®w D­m-Ip-¶-Xp-t]mse amXm-
apX-emb t`mKy-]-ZmÀ°§tfbpw k¼m-Zn-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-
hn-sâbpw ]nXm-hn-sâbpw kwtbm-K-¯n \n¶pw DÛ-hn-
¶p. C{X-am-{X-a-Ã, Ah\p kzÀ¤-tem-I-{]m-]X
v nbpw D­m-Ip-
¡p¶ k´m-\w-Xs¶ Cu kwln-X-bn c­n-sâbpw
¶p. Ch-aqew temI-hn-j-b-amb kwln-X-bpsS Úm\-
kÔn (kw-bpà kzcq-]w) BIp-¶p. AXp-t]mse EXp-

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I ¯m kzÀ¤mZn D¯-a-temI§fpw tPymXnÀhn-j-b-I-amb awK-e-a-b-amb hf-sc-b-[nIw hm¡p-Isf {ihn-¨p-sIm-­n- K

Úm\-¯m \m\mhn-[-¯n-epÅ `uXn-Ih - -kvXp-¡fpw cn-¡-tW. AXm-bXv Fsâ IÀ®-§-fn BNm-cy-\mÂ
{]Pm-hn-j-b-Ik - -Ôn-bpsS Úm\-¯m k´m-\-§fpw hÀ®n-¡-s¸« cl-kys¯ ]qÀ®-ambn {ihn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ
hnZym- hn-j-b-I-kw- ln-X-bpsS Úm\-¯m hnZybpw {_Ò- iàn-bp-­m-¡-tW. F\n¡v A§-bpsS awK-f-a-b-amb
tX- PÊv B²ym-ßnI kwlnX Ch-bpsS hnÚm-\-¯m biÊp {ihn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ Ah-kcw e`y-am-¡tW. tl
hmIvi-àn-{]m-]vXnbpw D­mIpw F¶p a\-Ên-em-¡-Ww. HmwIm-cta! \o ]c-ta-iz-csâ \n[n-bm-Ip-¶p. AXm-bXv B
]qÀ®-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c³ \n¶n \nd-ªn-cn-¡p¶p; F´p-
{ipXn-bn FÃm kwln-X-I-fp-tSbpw Úm\-¯nsâ
sIm-s­-¶m \man-\m-a-s¯-¯s¶ B{i-bn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
kmaq-ln-I-amb ^e§sf ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. {ipXn Cuiz-
C§s\ Bbn-cp-¶n«pw \o a\pjycpsS euInI _p²n-
csâ hmWn-bm-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m CXnsâ clkyw a\-Ên-
bm s]mXn-b-s¸«pw Ccn-¡p-¶p. euIn-Ia - mb XÀ¡-§-
em¡n {i²-tbmSpw hnizm-k-t¯m-Spw-IqSn D]-cyp-à-amb
fm A\p- kÔm\w sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶- h-cpsS _p²n- bn \nsâ
D]m-k-\-Isf A\p-jT v n-¨m \nÊ-tµ-la
- mbpw FÃm ^e-
{]`mhw hyà-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. tl tZhm, \o tIÄ¡-s¸«
§-tfbpw {]m]n-¡p-hm³ km[yam-Ip-¶p.
D]-tZ-is¯ c£n-¡q. AXm-bXv F\n¡v bmsXm-cp-]-tZiw
NXpÀ°m-\ p-hmIw {ihn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p km[n-¨pthm AXns\ Rm³ kvacn-¨p-
sIm­v AX-\p-k-cn¨v Fsâ PohnXw Bhn-jv¡-cn-¡p-¶-
bivO-µ-km-ar-j-t`m-hn-iz-cq-]x. Otµmt`ym[yar-
Xn\p Ir]-sN-¿p.
Xm-X vkw-_-`q-h. k tat{µm-ta-[bm kv]rtWm-X p.
Aar-X ky tZh [mctWm `qbm-k w. icocw ta kw _Ô w þ C\n sFi z- c ys¯ A`n- e - j n- ¡ p- ¶ -
hnNÀjWw. Pnlzm ta a[p-a¯-am. IÀ®m`ymw `qcn hÀ¡pth­n lh\w \S-¯p-¶-Xn-\pÅ a{´s¯ Bcw-`n-
hn{ip-hw. {_ÒWx tImtimkn ta[bm ]nln-Xx. ¡p¶p þ
{ipXw ta tKm]m-b. Bh-l´o hnX-\zm\m IÀhm-Wm-No-c-am-ß-\x.
Cu \mem-a-\p-hm-I-¯n ta{ipXw tKm]mb Cu hmkmwkn aa Kmh-Ý. A¶-]mt\ N.
hmIyw hsc ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ {]m]n-¯m-h-iy-amb kÀÆ-Zm. XtXm.
_p²n-_-ehpw imco-cn-I-_-ehpw {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ Dt±- ta {inbam-h-l. temaimw ]ip`nx
iy-t¯m-Sp-IqSn ]c-ta-iz-c-t\mSv At±-l-¯nsâ \ma-amb kl kzmlm.
HmwIm-c- ]mcm {]mÀ°n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ {]I-c-W-§Ä \nÀt±-
in-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. Hmw F¶-Xv, thtZm-à-§-fmbn ]c-ta- \mem-a-\p-hm-I-¯nse D]-cyp-à-amb Cu Awi-¯nÂ
iz-c-\pÅ \ma-§-fn-seÃmw t{ijvThpw kÀÆ-cq-]-hp-am-Ip- sFizcys¯ Imw£n-¡p¶ kIm-c-a-cmb a\p-jyÀ¡p-
th­n ]c-ta-iz-c-t\mSp {]mÀ°n-¨p-sIm­v AKv\n-bnev
¶p. F´p-sIms­¶m Hmtcm a{´- ¯n-tâbpw BZn- bnÂ
BlqXn \ÂIp¶ coXn- sb-¸än ]d-bp- ¶p. "AÃtbm AKv\n-
HmwImcw D¨-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw HmwIm-c-¯nsâ D¨m-cWw
bpsS A[n-jvTm-Xm-hmb ]c-ta-izc, Fsâ kz´- am-bn-«pÅ
k¼qÀ® thZ-§-fpsS D¨m-c-W-^ew {]m]vXa - m-¡p-Ibpw
Bh-iy-¯n\p th­n-h-¶m hnew_w IqSmsX \m\m-{]-
sN¿p- ¶p. AXp-t]mse Ahn-\m-in-bmb thZ-§-tfmSpw Cu
Im-c-¯n-ep-ff hkv{X§fpw tKm¡fpw `£n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ
HmwImcw {][m-\-cq-]¯ - n {]I-S-am-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-
FÃm hkvXp-¡fpw Ft¸mgpw Zm\w sN¿p- I, Ahsb A`n-
¶p. HmwImcw \mahpw ]c- ta- iz-c³ \manbpw BIp-¶p. AXn-
hr-²n-s¸-Sp-¯p-I, AXp-t]mse Ahsb \hq-\-am-¡n-¯-cn-
\m c­pw ]c-kv]cw A`n-¶-am-Wv. {]W-h-cq-]a - mb B
I. \q F\n-¡p-th­n BSv apX-embn tcma-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-
]c-a m-ß mhv AJn-e -¯ n-tâbpw ]c-ta-i z-c ³ BbXp
hbpw aäp Xc-¯n-ep-ap-f-Af arK-k-ln-X-amb sFiz-cy-
ImcWw ""C{µ³'' F¶ t]cn {]kn-²-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. B
t¯bpw {]Zm-\w-sN-¿q. AXm-bXv FÃm t`mK-km-a-{K-ln-I-
C{µ³ Fs¶ ta[miàn-bm k¼-¶-am-¡-s«. "[oÀ[m-c-
fp-tSbpw km[-\m-cq-]-amb [\s¯ \o F\n-¡mbn Zm\w
Wm-hXo ta[m' F¶ tImi-hm-Iy-a-\p-k-cn¨v [mcWm iàn-
sN¿pI F¶- XmWv {]mÀ°- \- bpsS Bi- bw. Cu a{´s¯
bm k¼-¶-amb _p²n-bpsS \maw "ta[m' F¶m-W.v ]c-
D¨-c n-¨ n«v "kzmlm' F¶ hmt¡m-Sp-IqSn AKv\n-b nÂ
am-ßmhv Fs¶ ]Tn-¨Xpw {Kln-¨-Xp-amb `mh-§sf hln-
BlpXn sN¿-Ww. CXv sFiz-cy-{]-]vXn-¡pÅ km[-\-bm-
¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ iàn-bm k¼-¶-\m-¡tW F¶p Xm¸-
Ip-¶p.
cyw. tl tZh, Rm³ A§-bpsS Assl-XpIo Ir]-bmÂ
B Aar-X- amb kzcq-]s¯ kz´w lrZ-b-¯n hln-¡p- kw_-Ô w- þ -B-Nm-cy³ {_Ò-Nm-cn-bpsS lnXmÀ°w F{]-
¶-h-\m-bn-¯o-c-s«. A§-bpsS D]m-k-\-bn bmsXm-cp-hn- Imcw lh\w \S-¯Ww? CXnsâ hn[n-IÄ ]d-bp-¶p.þ
[-amb hnLv\§ - fpw kw`-hn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\v Fsâ B amb´p {_Ò-Nm-cnWx kzmlm. hnam-b´p
icocw tcmK-c-ln-X- am-¡n-¯oÀ¡-tW. Fsâ Pnlz AÛp- {_Ò-Nm-cnWx kzmlmx {]am-b´p {_lva-Nm-cnWx
X-I-c-amb a[p-c-hm-Wn-bm A§-bpsS a[p-c-\m-a-§-tfbpw
KpW-§-tfbpw IoÀ¯n¨v Ah-bpsS a[p-c-ckw Bkz-Zn- kzmlm. Za-b´p {_lva-Nm-cnWx kzmlm. iam-b´p
¡p- ¶-Xmbn `hn-¡-tW. Rm³ Fsâ c­p IÀ®-§Ä hgn {_lvam-Nm-cnWx kzmlm.

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I \mem-a-\p-hm-I-¯nsâ Cu Awi-¯n injy-ln-X-¯n- "F{]-Imcw kakvX Pe {]hm-l-§fpw Xmgv¶ `mK-t¯- K

\mbn BNm-cy³ GsXÃmw a{´-§ÄZzmcm lh\w sN¿- bvs¡m-gpIn kap-{Z-¯n tNcp¶pthm F{]-Imcw amk-Zn-
Wtam Ahsb hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. BNm-cy³ "D¯-a-{_- \- §-fpsS A´yw kwh-Õ- c-cq-]-am- Ip¶ Ime-¯n sN¶p
lva-Nm- cn-IÄ Fsâ-b-Sp-¡Â hnZy-b-`y-kn-¡p-¶-Xn\p hcs«' tNcp-¶pthm tl hn[m-Xm. A{]-Imcw Fsâ ASp-¡Â
F¶pÅ Dt±-iy-t¯m-Sp-IqSn a{´w sNmÃn "kzmlm' F¶ FÃm `mK-¯p-\n¶pw {_Ò-Nm-cn-IÄ hcp-Ibpw Rm³
D¨m-c-W-t¯m-sS BZym-lpXn \ÂIs«; "Fsâ {_Ò-Nmcn AhÀ¡p hnZy-bp-]t- Z-in-¨n«v awK-f-Im-cn-I-fmb D]-tZ-i-
Im]-Sy-iq-\y-\m-bn-cn-¡s«' F¶ Dt±-i-t¯msS a{´w §fpw \ÂIn Fsâ IÀ¯-hy- t¯bpw AXp- t]mse A§-
sNmÃn "kzmlm' F¶ D¨m-c-W-t¯m-Sp-IqSn c­m-as¯ bpsS BÚ-tbbpw ]men-¨p-sIm­v Pohn-¡s«' Cu Dt±-
BlpXn kaÀ¸n-¡-s«. ""{_lva-Nm-cn-IÄ C{µn-b§ - sf i-t¯m-Sp- IqSn a{´-ap- ¨- cn¨v "kzmlm' i_vZ- t¯m- Sp-ISn Bdm-
AaÀ¨-h-cp- ¯n-b-h-cm-bn-¯o-cs«' Cu Dt±-i-t¯m-Sp-IqSn as¯ BlpXn Aán-bn AÀ¸n-¡-Ww. "tl ]c-am-ß³!
\mem-as¯ BlpXn kaÀ¸n-¡-s«. AXp-t]mse ""{_lva- A§v AJn-e-¯n-tâbpw hn{i-aØ - m-\-am-Ip-¶p. Ct¸mÄ
Nm-cn-IÄ a\-kk v ns\ kzm[o-\-¯n-em-¡n-b-h-cm-bn-cn-¡s«'' F\n-¡p-th­n A§-bpsS Znhy-kz-cq-]s¯ {]Im-in-¸n-¨p-
Cu Dt±-i-t¯m-Sp-IqSn at{´m-¨m-c-W-]qÀÆIw"kzmlm' X-cn- Ibpw Fs¶ kzoI-cn-¡bpw sNbvXm-epw. Cu Dt±-i-
i_vZ-t¯msS A©m-as¯ BlpXn kaÀ¸n-¡s«. t¯msS a{´-ap-¨c - n¨v "kzmlm i_vZ-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Ggmw
BlpXn Aán-bn CS-Ww.
kw_-Ô w- þ -B-Nm-cy³ Xsâ euIn-Ihpw ]mc-eu-In-I-hp-
amb lnX-§Ä¡p-th­n F{]-Imcw lh\w \S-¯Ww? C{]-Imcw Cu temI-¯n-sâbpw ]c-tem-I-¯n-sâbpw
AXnsâ hn[nIsf¸än ]d-bp-¶p. D¶-Xn-¡pÅ ]c-am-ßm-hn-t\m-SpÅ {]mÀ°-\bpw AtXm-Sp-
Iq-Sn-bpÅ lh-\-hp-am-sW¶p ]d-b-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p.
bti m Pt\k m\ n k zml m. t{i bm³
hkytkmkm\n kzmlm. Xw Xzm `K {]hn-im\n ]©-am- \ p- h mIw
kzmlm. k am `K {]hni kzmlm. Xkvan³ kl-
`qÀ`phx kph-cnXn hm GXm-kvXnkvtdm hymlr-
kvdi
- mtJ \n `Kmlw Xzbn artP kzmlm.
X-bx. Xmkmap l kvssaXmw NXpÀYow amlm-N-
\mem-a-²ym-b- ¯nsâ Cu Awi-¯n BNm-cy³ Xsâ akyx {]th-Z-b-tX. al CXn. XZv{_-Ò. k Bßm.
lnX-¯n-\p-th­n sN¿-s¸-tS­ lh-\s¯ hÀ®n- ¨n- cn-¡p- AMvKm\y\ym tZh-Xmx. `qcnXn hm Abw temIx.
¶p. "Bfp- I-fn Rm³ bi- kzn-bm-I-s«. temI-¯n Fsâ `ph CXy-´ -c n-£ w. kph- c n-X yku temIx. al
bi-Ênsâ kuc`yw kÀÆ{X hym]n- ¡-s«. Fsâ bi-Ên\p CXym-Zn-Xyx. BZn-tXy\ hmh kÀth temIm alo-
If-¦-ta¡-¯¡ BN-c-W-§-sfm¶pw F¶nÂ\n¶pw b-t ´.
D­m- Im-Xn- cn-¡s«' Cu Dt±- iy-t¯msS "btim Pt\km\n'
Cu A©m-as¯ A\p-hm- I-¯n `qx, `phx, kzx, alxþ
F¶ a{´s¯ D¨-cn-¨p-sIm­v "kzmlm' ]Z-t¯m-Sp-IqSn
Cu \mep hymlr-Xn- I- fpsS (a-{´- §-fp- sS) D]m-k-\m- c- lkyw
BZym-lpXn AÀ¸n- ¡-Ww. "alm-[-\n-I- \-½msc At]-£n¨p
]d-ªn«v AXnsâ ^es¯ hÀ®n-¡p-¶p. BZy-ambn `qx,
Rm³ AXy-[nIw k¼-¶-\mbn `hn-¡s«' Cu Dt±-is¯
`phx, kzmx þ Cu aq¶p hymlr-Xn-IÄ {]kn-²-§-sf¶
ap³ \nÀ¯ n a{´ s¯ D¨- c n- ¨ p- s Im­ v "kzmlm'
Imcyw ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. F¶m Ch-sb-¡q-SmsX \mem-
i_vZt¯msS c­m-as¯ BlpXn Aán-bn AÀ¸n-¡-
as¯ hymlr-Xn-bmb "alx' F¶-Xnsâ D]m- k\m clkyw
Ww. "tl `K-h³, Rm³ A§-bpsS Znhy kzcq-]-¯nÂ
hfsc ap³t] Xs¶ alm-N-a-ksâ ]p{X³ {Kln-¨n-cp-¶p.
{]th- i n- ¡ s«' Cu Dt±- i - t ¯msS a{´ w D¨- c n¨v
Cu \mep hymlr-Xn-I-sfbpw \mep {]Im-c-§-fn {]tbm-
"kzmlm' i_vZ-t¯msS aq¶m- a- s¯ BlpXn Aán- bn- eÀ¸n-
Kn¨v D]m-kn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ hn[n-IÄ ap¼p-]-d-ªn«pÅ B
¡- Ww. "tl `K-h³ A§-bpsS Znhy- kz-cq]w F¶n {]hn-
Imew apXÂ {]N-cn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. CXn-\p-tijw Cu
jvS-am-bn-¯o-cs«' , Fsâ a\-Ên ØnXn-sN-¿s«' Cu
\mep hymlr-Xn-I-fn F{]-Im-c-¯n-epÅ `mh-\ItfmSp-Iq-
Dt±- i-t¯m- Sp-Iq-Snb at{´m-¨m-cW klnXw "kzmlm' i_vZ-
Snb D]m-k\ \S-¯Ww F¶p CXv a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p. Cu
t¯msS \mem-as¯ BlpXn Aán-bn kaÀ¸n-¡-Ww.
\mep hymlr-Xn-I-fn F{]-Im-c-¯n-epÅ `mh-\-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-
"tl `K-h³, Bbn-c-¡-W-¡n\p imJ-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb A§-
Snb D]m-k\ \S-¯Ww F¶p CXv a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p. Cu
bpsS B Znhy-cq-]-¯n [ym\-\n-a-á-\mbn Rm³ kzmb-
\mep hymlr-Xn-I-fn \mem- a-t¯-Xmb "alx' Gähpw {][m-
am-bn-¯s¶ hnip-²-\m-bn-¯o-cs«' Cu Dt±-i-t¯m-Sp-IqSn
\-s¸-«-Xm-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m D]mky tZh-X-I-fn "alx'
at{´m-¨m-c-W-]qÀÆw "kzmlm' i_vZ-t¯m-Sp-IqSn A©m-
hymlr-Xnsb {_Ò-¯nsâ kzcq-]-sa¶p a\-Ên-em-¡-Ww
as¯ BlpXn Aán-bn Hgn-¡-Ww.
þ \mem-as¯ hymlr-Xn-bmb "alx' {_Ò-¯nsâ \ma-am-
bYm]x {]hXm b´n bYm amkm AlÀP- b-Xp-sIm­v {_Òw-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. F´p-s Im-s­- ¶mÂ
cw. Ghw amw {_Ò-]m-cn-tW-[m-Xcm-b-´p-kÀÆ-Xx- {_Òw FÃm-¯n-sâbpw Bßm-hm-Ip-¶p, kÀÆ-kz-cq-]-am-
kzm-lm. Ip-¶p. aäpÅ FÃm tZh-X-IÄ AXnsâ AwK-§-fp-am-Ip-
{]Xn-thtimkn{] am `mhn {] am ]Zy-kz. ¶p. AXn-\m GsX- ¦nepw Hcp tZhX Cu hymlr-XnIfmÂ

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 118
I D]m-kn-¡ -s ¸-Sp-¶p-s h-¦n AXv kÀÆ-kz-cq-]-\mb
]ctaizcsâ Xs¶ D]m-k\ F¶ Imcyw ad-¶p-t]m-Ic - p-
Xv. FÃm tZh-X- Ifpw At±-l-¯nsâ Xs¶ AwK§fm-b-
Xp-sIm­v aäp tZh-X-I-fpsS D]m-k-\bpw At±-l¯ - nsâ
Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. AXn-\p-tijw Cu hymlr-Xn-If - n temI-
§-sf-¸än Nn´n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ hn[nbpw C{]-Imcw ]d-ªn-
cn-¡p-¶p. þ "`qx' CXv ]rYzn-sb-¡p-dn-¡p-¶p. "`qhx' A´-co-
£-t¯-bpw, "kzx' kp{]-kn-²-amb kzÀ¤-tem-I-t¯-bpw,
"alx' CXv kqcy-t\bpw Ipdn-¡p-¶p. F´p-sIms­¶mÂ
kqcy-\nÂ\n¶pw FÃm temI-§fpw alnam\znX-am-bn-s¡m-
­n-cn-¡p-¶p. `qx, `phx, kzxþ Cu aq¶p hymlr-Xn-Ifpw
B ]c-ta-iz-csâ hncmSv ico-cc - q-]-am-Ip¶ Cu Øqe
{_Òm- WvUs¯ Ipdn- ¡p- ¶pþ AXm- bXv ]c- ta- iz- csâ AwK-
¯nsâ \mahpw AXp-t]mse "alx' F¶ \mem-as¯
hymlrXn Cu hncmSv ico-cs¯ {]Im-in-¸n-¡p¶ AXnsâ
Bß-kz-cq-]-am-Ip¶p ]c-ta-iz-cs\ Ipdn-¡p-¶-Xp-am-Ip-¶p.
"alx' CXp kqcysâ \maw BIp-¶p. kqcysâ Bßmhpw
]c-ta-iz-c³ Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m kqcy-cq-]-¯nÂ
\n¶v FÃm temI-§-tfbpw At±-lw-Xs¶ {]Im-in-¸n-¨p-
sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXp-sIm­v ChnsS kqcysâ D]-e-£-
W-¯nÂ\n¶pw Cu hncmSv ico-cs¯ {]Im-in-¸n-¨p-sIm-
­n-cn-¡p¶ CXnsâ Bß-cq-]a - mb ]a-tc-iz-c-s\-¯s¶
D]m-k- \-bpsS e£y-am-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
`qcnXn hm Aánx. `ph CXn hmbpx. kph-cnXym
ZnXyx. al CXn N{µ-amx. N{µ-akm hmh kÀhmWn
tPymXowjn alo-b-t´. `qcnXn hm ENx. `ph CXn
kmam-\ n. kph- c nXn bPpw- j n. al CXn-{ _- Ò .
{_ÒWm hmh kÀth thZm alo-b-t´.
CXp-t]mse Xs¶ ho­pw tPymXn- Êp-I-fn Cu hymlr-
Xn-IÄZzmcm ]c-ta-iz-csâ D]m-k-\m-{]-Im-c-§Ä \nÀt±- in- ¡-
s¸-Sp-¶p. "`px' F¶ hymlrXn Aán-bpsS \ma-am-b-Xn-\mÂ
Aán Xs¶-bm- Ip¶p F¶p `mhw. Aán-tZ-hX hmWn- bpsS
A[n-jvTm-\- tZ- h-Xbpw hmWn Hmtcm hnj- b-§-tfbpw hyà-
am¡n {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-¶-Xp-Im-cWw tPymXnÊpw BIp-¶p.
AXn-\m AXpw tPymXn-Êp-If - psS D]m-k-\-bn "`qx'
F¶p tXm¶p-am-dm-Ip-¶p. "`phx' CXv hmbp-hm-Ip-¶p. hmbp-
tZ-hX XzKn-{µn-b-¯nsâ A[n-j vTm-Xmhpw XzKn-{µnbw
kv]Ài-\s¯ {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-¶-Xp-amb tPymXn-Êp-am-Ip-¶p.
AXn-\m tPymXnÀ-hn-j-b-I-amb D]m-k-\-If - n hmbp-hn-
t\bpw Xz¡n-t\bpw "`phx' cq]-¯n a\-Ên-em-¡-Ww.
"kzx' CXv kqcy-\m-Ip-¶p. kqcy³ t\t{X- {µn- b-§-fpsS A[n-
jvTm-Xm-hm-Ip-¶p. t\t{X-{µn-bhpw kqcysâ klm-b-t¯m-
Sp-IqSn cq]s¯ {]Im-in-¸n-¡p¶ tPymXn-Êm-Ip-¶p. AXn-
\m tPymXnÀhn-j-b-I-amb D]m-k-\-I-fn kqcy-t\bpw
t\t{X-{µn-b¯ - bpw "kzx' F¶ hymlrXn cq]-¯n a\-
Ên-em-¡-Ww. "alx' F¶ \mem-as¯ hymlrXn N{µ-\m-
sW¶p tXm¶p-¶p. N{µ³ a\-Ênsâ A[n-jT v m-\-tZ-h-X-bm-
Ip-¶p. a\-Ênsâ klm-b¯ - m a\-tÊm-sSm-¯p-h-kn-¡p-
N P
¶-Xn-\m Xs¶ ka-kvtX-{µn-b-§fpw kz´-amb hnj-b- K
§sf {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-hm³ Ihn-hp-Å-Xm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. a\-Ên-
s\-¡q-SmsX H¶pw km²y-a-Ã. AXn-\m FÃm tPymXn-Êp-
I-fnepw {][m\w N{µ-s\¶pw a\-Ên-s\-¯s¶ "alx'
hymlrXn cq]w F¶pw Adn-bW - w. F´p-sIm-s­-¶mÂ
N{µ-\nÂ\n¶pw AXm-bXp a\-Ên \n¶p-Xs¶ FÃm
tPymXnÀcq-t]-{µn-b-§fpw aln-a m-\zn-X-am-bn-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-
¶p. C{]-Imcw a\-Ênsâ cq]-¯n ]c-ta-iz-cs\ D]m-kn-
¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ hn[n hyà-am-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. CXp-t]mse
Xs¶ thZ-§-fpsS hnj-b-¯nepw hymlr-Xn-I-fpsS {]tbm-
Kw-aq-e-apÅ ]c-ta-iz-tcm-]m- k-\-bpsS {]Im-c-§Ä \nÀt±-in-
¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. CXm-W-Xnsâ `mhw.
"`qx' CXv EtKz-Z-am-Ip-¶p. "`phx' kma-th-Zhpw "kzx'
bPpÀth-Zhpw "alx' {_Òhpw BIp-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­-
¶m {_Ò-¯nÂ\n¶pw FÃm thZ-§fpw aln-am-bp-à-
am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. FÃm thZ-§-fnepw hÀ®n-¨n-«pÅ kakvX
Úm\-§fpw ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-ta-iz- c-\nÂ\n-¶p-Xs¶ {]I-Shpw
At±-l-¯nÂ\n-¶p-Xs¶ hym]vX-hp-am-Ip-¶p. AXp-t]mse
B ]c-ta-iz- csâ XXz-§-fpsS hÀ®\w Cu thZ-§-fnÂ
ImWp-Ibpw sN¿p¶p; AXn- \m CXv At±- l-¯nsâ aln-
X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw thZ-§-fnse Cu hymlr-Xn-I-
fpsS {]tbm-Kw-sIm­v D]m-k\ sN¿-Ww.
`qcnXn ssh {]mWx. `ph CXy-]m-\x. kph-cnXn
hym\x. al CXy-¶w. At¶\ hmh kÀtÆ {]mWm
alo-b-t´. Xm hm GXm-Ý-X-kvd-Ý-XpÀ[m. NX-kvd-
Ý-X kvtdm hymlr-X-bx. Xm tbm thZ. k thZ
{_Ò. kÀthkvssa tZhm _en-am-h-l-´n.
A X n- \ p - t i j w { ] mW s â hn j - b - ¯ n  C u
hymlrXnIfpsS {]tbm-Kw-sIm-­pÅ {]Im-c-§sf {Kln-
¸n-¡p-¶p. "`qx' {]mW\pw "`phx' A]m-\\pw "kzx' hym\\pw
BIp-¶p. C§s\ PKZv hym]n-bmb kakvX {]mW³X-
s¶-bmWv Cu aq¶p hymlr-Xn-I-fpw. A¶w "alx' cq]-am-
Ip¶ \memas¯ hymlr-Xn-bm-W.v F´p-sIm- s­-¶mÂ
F{]-Imcw hymlr-Xn-If - n "alx' {][m-\-am-bn-cn-¡-¶pthm
AtX-{]-Imcw Xs¶ FÃm {]mWtâbpw t]mjWw \S¯n
Ah-bpsS aln-asb \ne-\nÀ¯p-Ibpw hfÀ¯p-Ibpw
sN¿p-¶-Xp-Im-cWw Ahsb At]-£n¨v A¶w {][m-\-s¸-
«-Xm-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m {]mWsâ A´-cym-an-bmb ]ctaiz-
csâ D]m-k\ A¶-¯nsâ cq]-¯n \S-¯-s¸-S-Ww.
C{]-Imcw \mep hymlr-XnItfbpw \mep {]Im-c-¯nÂ
{]bp- à- am¡n D]m-kn- ¡p-¶- Xn-\pÅ coXnsb ]d-ªn«v AXv
{Kln¨v D]m- kn-¡p-¶-Xp-sIm- ­p- ­m-Ip¶ ^e§sf-¡p-dn¨p
]d-bp-¶p. \mep {]Im-c-W§ - -fn-embn {]bp-à-amb Cu
\mep hymlr-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw D]m-k- \-I-fpsS clkyw bmsXm-
cp-¯³ Adn-bp-¶pthm AXm-bXv a\-Ên-em-¡n-bn«v AXn-\-
\p-k-c-W-ambn ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hns\ D]m-kn-¡p-¶pthm
Ah³ {_Òs¯ Adn-b p-Ibpw ka-kvX -tZ-h -X -I fpw
 119

I Ah\p ImgvN kaÀ¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ahs\ ]c- ¶p. A´y-Im-e¯v B alm-]p-cp-j³ B amÀ¤-¯nÂIqSn K
ta-iz-csâ {]nb³ F¶p IcpXn BZ-cn-¡p-Ibpw k¡- ico-c¯ - nsâ shfn-bn IS¶v "`px' F¶p ]d-bs - ¸-Sp¶
cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Aán-bn ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. {_Ò-Ú m\n {_Ò-tem-I-¯n-
te¡p t]mIp-t¼mÄ Ah³ BZy-ambn tPymXnÀa-bnbpw
jjvTm-\ p- h mIw
A`n-am-\n-bp-amb Aán-tZ-hX - - bpsS A[n-Im-c-¯n h¶p-
k b Gtjm´Àlr-Zb BIm-ix. Xkvan-¶bw tN-cp-¶p. A\-´cw hmbp-hn ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. AXm-bXv
]pcptjm at\m-a-bx. AartXm lnc-×-bx. `qan-ap-XÂ kqcy-tem-Iw-h-sc-bpÅ FÃm BIm-i-§-fnepw
Cu A\p-hm-I-¯n \mep-kw-K-Xn-IÄ ]d-ªn-cn-¡p- bmsXm- cp-¯sâ A[n- Imcw \ne-\n¡p- ¶pthm bmsXm¶v
¶p. Ah-bpsS kw_Ôw ]qÀÆm-\p-hm-I-¯n ]d-ªn- F§pw k©-cn-¡p¶ hmbp-hnsâ A[n-jT v m-\-tZ-h-X-bm-bn-
«pÅ D]-tZi§fnÂ\n¶pw hyXy-kvX-hp-am-Ip-¶p. B D]- cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm¶v "`phx' F¶ t]cn A©m-a-²ym-
tZi§fpsS ]qÀ¯o-I-c-W-¯n- \mbn CXv Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p. b-¯n hÀ®n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXnsâ Xs¶ A[n-
Im-c-¯n Ah³ sN¶p-tN-cp-¶p. B tZhX Ahs\ "kzx'
]qÀÆm- \p-hm-I-¯n a\- Ênsâ A[n-jvTm\ tZh-X-bmb F¶ t]cn hÀ®n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ kqcy-tem-I-¯n F¯n-
N{µs\ C{µn-b-§-fpsS A[n-jvTm\ tZh-X-I-fpsS {]Im-i- ¡p-Ibpw ]n¶oSv AhnsS \n¶pw "alx' F¶ t]cn hnfn-
I³ F¶p hnti-jn- ¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah-bpsS {_Ò-cq-]-¯n- ¡-s¸-Sp¶ "{_Ò' ¯n ØnXn sN¿n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-
epÅ D]m-k\ sN¿p-¶-Xn-\pÅ bpànbpw a\-Ên-em-¡- ¶p.
s¸«p Ign-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. B at\m-ab ]c-{_Òw þ AJn-e-
¯n-tâbpw A´-cym-an-bmb ]pcp-j³ Fhn-sS-bm-Ip¶p; B]vt\mXn kzmcm-Pyw. B]vt\mXn a\-k-kv]-
At±-l-¯nsâ D]-e_v[n FhnsS \n¶p-ap-­m-Ip¶p þ Xnw. hmIv]-Xn-Ý£ - p-jv]-Xnx. t{im{X-]-XnÀhn-Úm-
C¡mcyw Cu A[ymb-¯nsâ BZymw-i-§-fn D]-tZ-in- \- ] - X nx. GX- ¯ tXm `h-Xn.
¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. A²ym-b-¯nse Cu Awi-¯nsâ Bibw {_Ò-tem-I-¯n {]Xn-jvTn-X-\mb B alm-]p-cp-j³
ap³]- d -ª -X p-t]mse bmsXm¶v Cu lrZ-b -¯ nsâ GX-h-Ø -bn-em-Ip¶p F¶ Imcyw Cu A\p-hm-I¯ - nsâ
A´À`m-K¯v AwKp-jT v - am-{X-amb ]cn-Wm-a-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb aq¶m-aw-i-¯n ]dªpI-gn-ªp. A\p-hm-I-¯nse Cu
BImiw D­m- bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXn¯s¶ Cu hnip² Awi-¯nsâ Bibw Ah³ kzcm-«m-bn-¯o-cp¶p F¶m-
{]Im-i-kz-cq-]\pw Ahn-\m-inbpw at\m-a-b\pw A´-cym-an- Wv. AXm-bXv apIfn {]Ir-Xn-bpsS A[n-Imcw \ne-
bp-amb ]c-ta-iz-c³ hncm-Pn-¡p-¶p. CXp-Xs¶ At±-l- \n¡p-¶n-Ã. F¦nepw AXp kzbw Xs¶ {]Ir-Xn-bpsS
¯nsâ km£m- Xv¡m-c- am- Ip-¶Xv AXns\ {]m]n-¡p- ¶-Xn\p A[n-jvTm-Xm-h m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p, F´p-s Im-s­-¶m a\-
aäp Øe-§-fn-te¡pw t]mtI-­-Xmbn hcp-¶n-Ã. Ênsâ þ ka-kvXm-´x-I-c-W-k-ap-Zm-b-§-fpsS þ kzman-bmb
A´-tcW Xmep-tI. b Gj kvX\ Chm-h-ew- ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m hmWn, N£p-Êv,
_- t X. tk {µ- t bm- \ nx. b{Xmku tIimt´m t{im{Xw, BZn-bmb ka-kvtX-{µn-b-§fpw Ah-bpsS tZh-
hnhÀ¯- t X. hyt]mly ioÀj- I - ] m- t e. `qcn- X-Ifpw AXp-t]mse hnÚm-\- kz-cq-]-amb _p²n-bp-sSbpw
Xyáu {]Xn-Xn-jvT -X n. `ph CXn hmbu. kph-c n- kzman-bm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. AXm-bXv Ch-sbÃmw Ah-¶-[o-\-
Xym-Zn-tXy. al CXn {_Ò-Wn. am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. BZyw ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶ B km[-\-bnÂ
\n¶pw D]-cyp-à-amb ^ew e`n-¡p-¶p.
B ]c-{_-Ò] - -c-ta-iz-cs\ Xsâ lrZ-b-¯n {]Xy-£-
am-bn-¡-­p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶ alm-]p-cp-j³ Cu ico-cs¯ BIm-i-ic - ocw {_Ò. kXymß {]mWm-cmaw a\
XyPn-¨p-t]m-Ip-t¼mÄ F{]-Imcw GXp amÀ¤w shfn-bn-en-d- B\- µ w. im´n kar-²-a-ar-Xw. CXn {]mNo-\-tbm-
§n, GXp {Ia-t¯m-Sp-IqSn `qx, `phx, kzx cq]-§-fmb ka- tKym- ] m- Ê z.
kvX-tem- I-§-fn ]cn-]qÀ®-ambn AJn- e-¯n-tâbpw Bß- AhÀ {]m]n-¡p¶ {_Òw F§-s\-bp-Å-Xm-Ip¶p?
kz-cq-]-am-Ip¶ ]c-ta-iz-c\ - n hnebw {]m]n-¡p¶p þ Cu AXns\ F{]-I mcw Nn´n-¡ p-I bpw [ym\n-¡ p-I bpw
Imcyw Cu A\p-hm-I-¯nsâ c­m-as¯ Awi-¯n sN¿Ww? B {_Òw BIm-iw-t]mse \ncm-Im-chpw kÀÆ-
shfn-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn- ¡p- ¶p. a\p- jy- cpsS hmbn Xmep-hnsâ hym-]nbpw AXy´w kq£va-i-co-c-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xp-am- Ip-
CS-bn-embn apesR«nsâ BIm-c- ¯n Xq§n-¡n-S-¡p¶ ¶p. GI-am-{X-k-¯m-cq-]-hp-am-Wv. FÃm C{µn-b§ - Ä¡pw
amwk-]nWvUw (A- Xns\ kwkm-c-`m-j-bn Ipdp- \m-s¡¶p hn{iaw \ÂIp-¶Xpw a\-Ên\v ]c-am-\-µZ- m-b-I-hp-am-Wv.
]d-bp-¶p). AXn\p apIfn tIi§fpsS aqe-Øm-\-amb AJ-WvU-im-´n-bpsS `WvUm-chpw kÀÆYm Ahn-\m-in-bp-
{_Ò-c Ôvd w AhnsS lrZ-b -¯ n \n¶pw ]pd-s¸«v am-Wv. D¯-ah - n-izm-k-t¯m-Sp-IqSn C{]-Imcw IcpXn km[-
Ipdp\m¡nsâ DÅnÂIqSn IS¶v c­p It]me§tfbpw I³ At±-ls¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶X - n-\p-th­n At±-l-¯nsâ
t`Zn¨p s]mbvs¡m-­n-cn-¡p¶ kpjpav\ F¶ t]cn Nn´-bnepw [ym\-¯nepw X¸-c-X-tbm-Sp-IqSn hym]r-X- cm-
{]kn-²-amb \mUn, AXp-Xs¶ C{µ-\m-a-¯n kwt_m- bn-¯o-c-Ww. Cu `mhs¯ ImWn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n Ah-
[\ sN¿-s¸-Sp¶ ]c-ta-iz-csâ {]m]vXn-¡pÅ hmXn-em-Ip- km\w {ipXn-bpsS hmWn-bn Ejn Xsâ injy-t\mSp ]d-

N P
 120

I bp¶p þ "tl {]mNo\ tbmKy, \o B {_Ò kzcq-]s¯ sN¿p-¶ p. K

C{]-Imcw IcpXn AXnsâ D]m-k\ \S¯q!'
H¶m-as¯ B[n-`u-XnI temI-kw-_-Ôn-bmb ]wàn-
k]vX - am-\ p- h mIw tbmSp \mem-as¯ {]mW-k-ap-Zm-b-am-Ip¶ B²ym-ßn-I-]w-
àn¡p kw_-Ô-ap­v; F´p-sIm-s­-¶m Hcp temI-
]rYn-hy-´cn£w ZuÀZntimhm´-c-Zn-ix. AKv
¯n \n¶p asämcp temI-¯n-tebv¡p _Ôw ]peÀ¯p-
\nÀhm-bp-cm-Zn-Xy-Ý-{µam \£-{Xm-Wn. B] Huj-
¶-Xn {]mW-\mWp {]m[m-\y-ap-Å-Xv. Cu kwKXn kwln-
[tbm h\-kv]-Xb BImi Bßm. CXym-[n-`q-Xw.
Xm-{ ]- I - c - W - ¯ n BZyta ]d-ª n- c n-¡ p- ¶ p. c­m-
AYm-²ym-ßw. {]mtWm hymt\m]m\ DZm\x kam-
as¯Xmb tPymXnÀ hnj-bI - a- mb B[n-`u-XnI ]wàn-
\x. N£px t{im{Xw at\m hmIv XzIv. NÀ½ amwkw
tbmSv A©m-as¯ IcW kap-Zmb cq]-am-Ip¶ B²ym-
kv\mhm-Øn-a-Öm. GX-Z-[n-hn-[mb Ejn-c-thm-N-Xv.
ßnI ]wàn¡p _Ô-ap-­v. Fs´- ¶m B[n-`u-Xn-I-§-
] mMv à w hm C Zw k Àhw. ] mMv t às s\ h
fmb B tPymXn- Êp- IÄ Cu B²ym- ßnI tPymXn- Êp- I-fpsS
]mMvàw kv]rtWm-Xo-Xn.
klm-b n- I - f m- I p-¶ p. C¡mcyw imkv{ X-§ -f n ]e
Cu A\p-hm-I-¯n\p c­p `mK-§Ä D­v. BZy-`m-K- Øe¯pw ]d-ªn-«p-­v. CXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ aq¶m-as¯
¯n AXn-ap-Jy-§-fmb B[n- `u-Xn-I-h- kX v p-¡sf temIw, Øqe ]ZmÀ°-§-fpsS B[n-`u-XnI ]wàn Bdm-as¯
tPymXn-Êv, kvYq-e-]Z- mÀ°-§Ä F¶o aq¶p ]wàn-If - n- ico-c-K-X- [m-Xp-¡-fpsS B²ym-ßnI ]wàn-bp-ambn _Ô-
embn hn`-Pn-¨n«v Ahsb hÀ®n-¡p-Ibpw c­m-as¯ `mK- s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m Huj-[n-cq-]nIfpw h\-
¯n apJy-§-fmb B²ym-ßnI (i-co-c-Øn-Xw) ]ZmÀ°- kv]-Xn-cq-]n-I-fp-amb A¶- ¯nÂ\n¶pw amwk-a-Öm-Zn-IÄ
§sf {]mW³, Ic-Ww, [mXp F¶o aq¶p ]wàn-I- fn- embn ]pjvSn-s¸-Sp-Ibpw A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p¶p F¶Xp
hn`-Pn¨v Ahsb hÀ®n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ah-km\w {]Xy-£-a m-W-sÃm. C{]-Imcw Øqe-k q-£va -X -Xz-§sf
Ahsb D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ bpànbpw ]d-ªn-cn-¡p- {]tXyIw {]tXyIw \Ã-Xp-t]mse a\-Ên-em¡n Ah-bpsS
¶p. D]-tbmKw bYm-tbmKyw \nÀh-ln-¡p-¶p-sh-¦n a\p-
]rYzo-tem-Iw, A´- co-£-tem-Iw, kzÀ¤-tem-Iw, ]qÀÆ jyÀ¡v FÃm {]Im-c-¯n-ep-apÅ D¶-Xnsb {]m]n-¡p-hm³
]ÝnamZn Zn¡p-IÄ, Btáb ss\cr- XymXn Ahm-´c Zn¡p- Ign-bp-¶p.
IÄ þ Ch temI-¯nsâ B[n`uXnI ]wàn-IÄ, Aán, AjvT-am-\ p-h mIw
hmbp, kqcy³, N{µ³, \£-{X-§Ä þ Ch tPymXn-Êp-I-
HmanXn {_Ò. Hman-XoZw kÀÆw Hman-tXy-X-Z-\p-
fpsS B[n-`u-XnI ]wàn, AXp-t]mse Pew, Huj-[nIÄ,
Ir-XnÀl kva hm At]ym {imh-tb-Xym-{im-h-b-´n.
h\-kv]-Xn, BIm-iw, ]m©-`u-Xn-I-Øq-e-i-cocw þ Ch
Hm anXn kmam\n Kmb-´n. Hmw timan-Xn. ikv{XmWn
Øqe-P-U-]-ZmÀ°-§-fpsS B[n-`u-Xn-I] - w- àn-bm-Ip-¶p.
iwk-´ n. HmanXy[zcypx {]Xn-Kcw {]Xn-Kr-W m-Xn.
C§s\ Ch-sbÃmw IqSn-t¨À¶-Xns\ B[n-`u-Xn-I-]wàn
AXm-bXv `uXn-I-]wàn kaqlw F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. CXp-
HmanXn {_Òm {]ku-Xn. Hman-Xy-án-tlm-{X-a-\p-Pm-
\m-Xn. HmanXn {_mÒWx {]h-£ y-¶ml {_tÒm-
t]m- se-Xs¶ ap¼p ]d-ªn- «pÅ B²ym-ßnI ico- c- ¯nsâ
]m]v\ hm\o-Xn. {_ssÒ-thm-]m-]vt\m-Xn.
DÅn hkn-¡p¶ ]wàn-IÄ; CXn {]mW³, A]m-\³,
hym\³, DZm-\³, kam-\³ Ch {]mWsâ ]wànbpw Cu A\phm-I-¯n ]c-ta-iz-csâ "Hmw' F¶ \ma-
t\{Xw, a\-Êv, hmWn, Xz¡v Ch Ic-W-ka - p-Zm-b-§-fpsS t¯mSp a\p-jyÀ¡p {i²bpw `ànbpw D­m-¡p¶Xn\p-
]wànbpw NÀ½w, amwkw, \mUn, AØn, aÖ Ch ico- th­n HmwIm-c-¯nsâ aln-asb hÀ®n-¡p-¶p. "Hmw'
c-KX [mXp-¡-fpsS ]wànbpw BIp-¶p. C{]-Imcw {][m- F¶Xv ]c-{_-Ò -] -c-a m-ß m-h nsâ \ma-a m-b -X p-sIm­p
\- §-fmb B[n-`u-Xn- Ihpw B²ym-ßn-I-hp-amb ]ZmÀ°- §- km£m {_Òw Xs¶-bm- Ip- ¶p. F´p- sIm- s­- ¶m `K-
fpsS {Xnhn-[-]w-àn-IÄ Na-¨p-hÀ®n-¡p-¶Xv ChnsS D]- hmsâ \mahpw `K-hÂkz-cq]w Xs¶- bm-Ip-¶p. Cu ImW-
e-£-W-cq-]-¯n-em-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m _m¡n hkvXp-¡Ä s¸-Sp¶ FÃm temI-§fpw "Hmw' F¶ B {_Ò-¯nsâ
Ch-bn A´ÀK-X-sa¶p [cn-¨psImÅWw. C{]-Imcw Xs¶ Øqe- cq-]- am- W.v "Hmw' F¶Xv A\p-{I-Xn-bpsS þ A\p-
hÀ®n-¨n«v {ipXn ]d-bp¶p: þ Cu ]wàn-I-fn-embn hn`- tam-Z\ - -¯nsâ þ kqN-\-bm-Ip-¶p. Ft¸mÄ GsX-¦nepw
Pn¨p hÀ®n-¨n-«pÅ ]ZmÀ°- §-sfÃmw Xs¶ ]wàn-I-fpsS kwK-Xnsb A\p-tam-Zn-¡p-¶pthm At¸mÄ t{ijvT-]p-cp-j-
Hcp kap-Zm-b-am-Ip-¶p. Chbv¡p ]c-kv]cw L\n-jT v - amb \mb ]c-ta-iz-csâ \ma-kz-cq-]a - mb Cu HmwIm-cs¯ D¨-
kw_- Ô-ap-­v. Cu clkyw a\-Ên-em¡n AXm-bXv B[n- cn¨v BwKy-t¯msS AXns\ A\p-tam-Zn-¡p-¶p. aäv AÀ°-
`u-XnI ]ZmÀ°- t¯m-Sp-IqSn B²ym- ßnI ]ZmÀ°§Ä¡v c-ln-X- §-fmb ]Z§Ä D¨-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶n- Ã. C¡mcyw {]kn-
F´p _Ô-am-Wp-ÅXv? F¶ Imcyw \Ã-Xp-t]mse a\-Ên- ²- am-Wv. injy³ Xsâ Kpcp- hn- t\mSpw AXp- t]mse t{imXmhv
em¡n a\p-j yÀ B²ym-ßn-I-i -à n-bnÂIqSn `uXnI GsX-¦nepw ]WvUn-X- t\mSpw D]-tZ-is¯ A`yÀ°n- ¡p-
]ZmÀ°-§-fpsS hnImkw kwkn-²-am-¡p-Ibpw `uXn-I-]- t¼mÄ Kpcphpw hàmhpw "Hmw' F¶p ]d-ªp-sIm-­p-
ZmÀ°-§-fn¡qSn B²ym- ß nI iànsb hfÀ¯p-Ibpw Xs¶ D]-tZ-in-¡p-hm³ Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p. kma-thZw ]mSp-¶-

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I hcpw "Hmw' F¶ {io]-c-ta-iz-csâ \maw \¶mbn D¨-cn-¨n«v KÀt`m-ev]m-Z\w \S-¯epw EXp-Im-e¯ - n \nb-a-{]-Imcw K
kma-th-Z-¯nse Km\-§Ä ]mSp-¶p. bÚ-IÀ½-§- fn kv{Xokw-t`mKw \S-¯epw AXp-t]mse IpSpw-_s¯
ikvXi - w-k-\m-IÀ½w \S-¯p¶ imkvXm F¶p t]cpÅ hfÀ¯p- ¶-Xn-\pÅ D]m-b- §Ä \S-¯epw þ C§s\ FÃm
EXzn¡p "Hmw timw' F¶p ]dªv imkv{X- §-fpsS AXm- t{ijvT-IÀ½-§-fp-tSbpw A\p- jT v m-\-§Ä \S-¯n-s¡m­p
bXv XZznjbI-a-{´-§-fpsS ]mT-§Ä Dcp-hn-Sp-¶p. bÚ- Pohn-¡Ww F¶v ChnsS kqNn- ¸n-¡p-¶p. A²ym-]-I-t\bpw
IÀ½-§Ä \S-¯n- ¡p¶ A[zcy F¶p-t]-cpÅ EXzn¡pw D]-tZ-i-I-t\bpw kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw Cu FÃm IÀ¯-
"Hmw' F¶ ]c-ta-iz-csâ \mas¯ D¨-cn-¨n-«p-Xs¶ {]Xn-K- hy-§ - f p- s Sbpw kap-N n-X -a mb ]me\w {]tXy- I n¨pw
c-a-{´s¯ D¨-cn-¡p-¶p. {_Òmhv (\memw EXzn-¡v) "Hmw' BhiyamWv; F´p- sIm- s­-¶m Ah-cpsS BZÀi-§sf
F¶v ]c-{_Ò ]c-amß \mas¯ D¨-cn-¨p-sIm­p bÚ- hnZymÀXvYnIfpw t{imXm-¡fpw A\p-I-cn-¡p-¶p. cYo-X-
IÀ½w \S-¯p-¶-Xn\v A\p-h-Zn- ¡p-¶p. AXp-t]mse "Hmw' csâ ]p{X³ kXy-hN - Êv alÀjn ]d-bp-¶Xv ""Cu FÃm
F¶p ]d- ªp-sIm-­p- Xs¶ Aán- tlm{Xw \S- ¯p-¶-Xn\pw IÀ½-§-fnepw kXyw Xs¶ kÀÆ-t{i-jvT-am-Ip¶p; F´p-
A\p-h-Zn-¡p-¶p. A²y-b\w \S-¯p-¶-Xn-\p-Zyp-à-cmb sIm-s­-¶m Hmtcm IÀ½hpw kXy-`m-j-W-t¯m-Sbpw
{_mÒW {_Ò-N m-cn-Ifpw "Hmw' F¶ ]c-ta-i z-csâ kXy-`m-h-t¯m-Spw- IqSn sN¿-s¸-«m am{Xta bYmÀ°-cq-
\mas¯ BZy-am-bp-¨-cn-¨p-sIm­v "F\n¡p thZw \Ã-Xp- ]-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-bn-¯o-cp¶pÅq'' F¶m-Wv. ]pcp-in-jvS-
t]mse ]Tn-¡p-hm³ Ign-bs«' F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. AXm-bXv ]p-{X- \mb Xt]m-\n-Xy-a-lÀjn ]d-bp-¶Xv ""X]-Ý-cy-Xs¶
Hmw Imcw bmsXm-cp-¯sâ \maw BIp-¶pthm B ]c-ta- kÀÆ- t{i- jT v -am- Ip- ¶p. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m X]- Ên \n¶p-
iz-c-t\mSv Hm¦m-cs¯ D¨-cn-¨p-sIm­v Cu {]mÀ°\ \S- Xs¶ kXy-`m-j-WmZn kakvX [À½-§-fp-tSbpw ]me\w
¯p- ¶p. "Rm³ thZs¯ þ sshZn-I-Úm- \s¯ {]m]n- ¡pw. \S-¯p-¶-Xn\pw Ah-bn Dd-¨p-\n¡p-¶-Xn\pw DÅ
AXn-\pÅ _p²n \ÂIn-bm-epw, CXnsâ ^e-kz-cq-]-ambn iàn D­m-Ip¶p' F¶mWv apZvK-e-Isâ ]p{X³ \mI-ap-
Ah³ thZ-s¯ \nÊ-tµ-l-ambpw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. C{]-Imcw \n-bpsS A`n-{]m-bw, "thZ-§fpw [À½-im-k{v X-§fpw ]Tn-
Cu a{´- ¯n Hm¦mc-¯nsâ aln-asb hÀ®n- ¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. ¡epw ]Tn-¸n-¡epw Xs¶ kÀÆ-t{i-jvT-am-Ip-¶p. F´p-
sIm-s­-¶m AXp-Xs¶ X]-Êm-Ip-¶p. AXm-bXv Ch-
\h- am-\ p- h mIw
bn \n¶p-X-s¶- bmWp X]Êp apX-embn FÃm [À½-§-
EXw N kzm[ymb {]h- N t\ N. kXyw N fp-tSbpw Úm\w D­m-Ip-¶Xv'' F¶m-Ip-¶p. Cu FÃm
kzm[ym-b-{]-h-Nt\ N. X]Ý kzm[ym-b-{]-h-Nt\ alÀjn-amcpw ]d-bp-¶Xv bYmÀ°-am-Wv. Ah-cpsS IY-\-
N. ZaÝ kzm[ymb {]h-Nt\ N. Aá-bÝ kzm[ym- §sf D²-cn-¨p-sIm­v Hmtcm IÀ½-¯nepw Cu aqs¶-®-
b-{ ]-h-N t\ N. Aán-tlm{Xw N kzm[ymb {]h- ¯n\pw {]m[m-\y-ap-s­¶ `mhw ImWn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p.
Nt\ N AXn- Y - b Ý kzm[ym- b - { ]- h - N t\ N. bmsXmcp IÀ½w sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p-hthm AXv ]T-\-]mT§-
am\pjw N kzm[ymb {]h- N t\ N. {]Pm N fn \n¶pw D]-e-_v[-amb imkv{X-Úm-\-¯n-\-\p-Iq-e-am-
kzm[ym-b -{]-h -N t\ N. {]P-\ -Ý -k zm-[ ymb {]h- bn-cn-¡-Ww. F{X-am{Xw hnLv\-§Ä D­m-bn-s¡m-Å-s«,
Nt\ N. {]Pm-XnÝ kzm[ym-b-{]-h-Nt\ N. kXy- kz´w IÀ¯-hy- ]m-e-\-X-]-Ên kZm Dd-¨p-Xs¶ \n¡p-
anXn kXy-h Nm cmYo-X-c x. X] CXn Xt]m-\nXyx Ibpw Hmtcm {Inb-bnepw kXy-`m- hhpw kXy-`m-j-W- ]- c-amb
]ucp-in-jvSnx. kzm[ymb {]h-Nt\ GthXn \mtIm hntij {i²bpw D­m-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw thWw.
auZvK-eyx. X²n X]-kvX²n X]x.
Zi-am- \ p-h mIw
Cu A\p-hm-I¯ - n A²y-b-\hpw A²ym-]-\hpw \S-
Alw hr£ky tccn-hm. IoÀ¯nx ]rjvSw Kntc-
¯p-¶-hsc imkv{X-§-fn \nÀt±-in-¨n-cn-¡p¶ amÀ¤-
cn-h . DuÀ[z-] - h nt{Xm hmPn- \ oh kzar- X -a -k va n.
¯n¡qSn kzbw \o§-W-sa¶ Imcyw HmÀ½-s¸-Sp-¯p-
{ZhnWw kÀÆ-¨k - w. kpta[m Aar-tXm-£nXx CXn-
¶p. CtX-Imcyw D]-tZ-i-I\pw D]-tZiw {ihn-¡p-¶-h\pw
{X-t i-t¦mÀth-Zm-\ p-h-N- \w.
a\-Ê n-em-¡ -W w. A²y-b -\ hpw A²ym-] -\ hpw c­pw
hfsc D]-tbm-K-{]-Z-am-Wv. imkv{X-§-fpsS A²y-b\w {Xni¦p F¶p-t]-cpÅ alÀjn ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-
sIm­p-Xs¶ a\p-jyÀ¡p kz´w IÀ¯-hy-§-fp-tSbpw ¨n«v X\n-¡p-­mb A\p-`-hs¯ hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-s\-
Ah-bpsS hn[n-I-fp-tSbpw ^e§fp-tSbpw Úm\w D­m- ¯s¶ ChnsS D²-cn- ¨n-cn- ¡p-¶p. {Xni- ¦p-hnsâ hm¡n³{]-
Ip- ¶p. AXn-\m CX- \p-jvTn-¨p- sIm-­p-Xs¶ AtXm-Sp-IqSn Imcw kz´w A´x-Ic - -W-¯n Nn´n-¡p-¶-Xp-Xs¶ ]c-
bYmtbm-Ky-amb kZm-Nm-c-]m-e\ - hpw kXy- `m-jW - hpw amß {]m]vXn-¡pÅ km[-\-bm-Ip-¶p. CXp ]d-bp-¶-Xn-\p-
kz[À½ ]me-\-¯ n kw`-hn-¡ m-h p¶ IjvS XIfpw Xs¶ Cu A\p-hm-I-¯nsâ Bcw`w D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶p.
C{µnb§sf kzm[o-\n-¡epw a\-Êns\ \nb-{´n-¡epw {ipXn-bpsS `mhmÀ°w CXm-W.v ""Rm³ {]hm-l-cq-]-¯nÂ
Aán-tlm-{X-¯n-\m-bpÅ Aánsb Pzen-¸n-¡epw AXn A\m-Zn-Imew apX \ne-\n-¶p-t]m-cp¶ Cu P\\ ac- W-am-
lh\w \S- ¯epw AXn-Yn-tk- h\w sN¿epw FÃm- h-tcmSpw Ip¶ kwkmc hr£-¯nsâ D·q-e\ - miw hcp-¯p-¶-h\
- m-
a\p-tjym-Nn-X-ambn s]cp-am-depw im-kv{X-hn-[n-{]-Im-c-apÅ Ip-¶p. CXv Fsâ Ah-km-\s¯ P·-am-Ip-¶p. CXn-\p-

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I tijw F\n¡p ]p\ÀÖ·w D­m-Ip-¶n-Ã. Fsâ IoÀ¯n- tbm-Sp-IqSn Krl-Øm-{i-a-¯n {]th-in¨p kz[À½-§sf K
]ÀÆ- X - i n- J - c w- t ]mse D¶ - X hpw hni m- e - h p- a m- W v . ]men- ¨p- sIm­v k´m\ ]c-¼- c-Isf kwc-£n- ¡p- I. CXn\p
At¶m¸m-Z-\- i-àn-bm bpà-amb kqcy-\n F§s\ tem]w hcp-¯ -c p-X v. AXm-b Xv imkv{X-h n-[n-{]-Imcw
D¯-a-amb AarXw \nh-kn-¡p-¶pthm A{]-Imcw Rm\pw hnhmlw Ign¨ [À½-]- Xv\n- tbm-Sp-IqSn EXp- Im-e- ¯n \nb-
hnip² cmK-tZm-jm-ZnIfm kÀÆYm apà\pw Aa-c-kz- a-{]-Im-c-apÅ kl-hmkw A\p-jT v n¨p k´m-t\m¸m-Z-\-
cq-]-\p-am-Ip-¶p. CXp IqSmsX Rm³ {]Im-i-bp-à-[-\- IÀ½w A\m-k-àn-]qÀÆw \S-¯p-I. \o Hcn-¡epw kXy-
¯nsâ `WvUm-Km-chpw ]c-am-\-µ- cq-]-am- Ip¶ Aar- X-¯n ¯nÂ\n¶pw hyXn-N-en-¡-cpXv; AXm-bXv Ifn-X- am-i-bnepw
\na-á\pw t{ijvT-amb [mc-Wm-bp-à-_p-²n-bm k¼- hyÀ°-amb Imcy-§-fnepw hmWn-bpsS iànsb \jvS-s¸-
¶\pw BIp-¶p.'' CXv {Xni-¦p-a-lÀjn-bpsS thZm-\p-hN - -\- Sp-¯-cp-Xv. ]cn-lm-k-sa¶ \mSy-¯n Hcn-¡epw Ifhp ]d-
§-fm-Ip-¶p. AXm-bXv Úm\-{]m-]vXn-¡p-tijw hyà-am- b- cp- Xv. C{]-Imcw Xs¶ [À½-]m-e-\- §-fn sXäp {]hÀ¯n-
¡-s¸« Bßm-hnsâ DZvKm-c-am-Ip-¶p. ¡-cpXv; AXm-bXv Fs´-¦nepw \mSy-¯ntem Ae-k-X-
bmtem [À½s¯ Ah- t l- f n- ¡ - c p- X v . euIn- I hpw
a\p-jy³ GXp {]Im-c-¯n- epÅ `mh\ sN¿p-¶pthm
imkv{Xohpw Bbn IÀ¯-hy-cq-]-¯n e`y-am-Ip¶ F{X-
AXp `mh-\-b-\p-k-cn¨p kw`-hn-¡p-¶p. Ahsâ k¦ev]-
sb{X ip`-IÀ½-§-fpt­m Ahsb Hcn-¡epw XyPn-¡p-
¯n CXv A]qÀÆhpw BÝ-cy-P-\-I-hp-amb iàn-bm-Ip-
Itbm Ah-bn Dt]£ hnNm-cn-¡p-Itbm sN¿-cp-Xv. adn¨v
¶p. AXn-\m bmsXmcp a\p-jy³ X¶n¯s¶ D]-cyp-
bYm-tbmKyw Ahsb A\p-jvTn- ¨p-sIm-­p-Po-hn-¡-Ww. [\-
à-amb `mh- \-bpsS A`ymkw \S-¯p-¶pthm Ah³ \nÝ-
k-¼¯p hÀ²n-¸n-¡p-¶h euIn-tIm-¶-Xn-I-fpsS km[-\-
b-ambpw A§-s\-X- s¶-bm-bn-¯o-cpw. F¶m Cu km[-
Isf kw_-Ôn¨pw DZm-ko\ at\m-`mhw kzoI-cn-¡-cp-Xv.
\-bn ]qÀ®-amb {i²-bpsS Bhiyap-­v. `mh-\-¡-\p-
CXn-\p-th-­nbpw hÀ®m-{i-am-\p-Iq-e-§-fmb {]hÀ¯-\-
k-c -W -amb KpWw hcmsX Al¦mcw h¶p `hn-¡ -
§Ä A\p-jvTn-¡-Ww. apJy hnjb§fmb ]Tn¡epw ]Tn-
bmsW¦n \miw-Xs¶ kw`-hn-¡p-¶p. Cu thZ-h-N-\-§-
¸n-¡epw þ Ahsb Hcn-¡epw Ah-tl-fn-¡p- Itbm aSn-sIm-
fpsS cl- kys¯ icn¡pw a\-Ên-em¡n AXns\ Nn´n-¡p-
­pt]£n¡p-Itbm sN¿-cp-X.v C{]-Im-cw-Xs¶ Aán-tlm-
I-bm-sW-¦n Al¦mc-s¯-¸-än-bpÅ Bi-¦bvt¡ Ah-
{Xhpw bÚm-Zn-I-fpsS A\p-jT v m-\-cq-]-§-fmb tZh-Im-cy-
Im- i-an-Ã.
§fpw {im² XÀ¸-WmZn ]nXr-Im-cy-§fpw \S-¯p-¶-XnÂ
GIm-Z-i m-\ p-h mIw Be-kytam Ah-tl-f-\m-]-c-amb {]am-Ztam kw`-hn-¡-cp-X.v
thZ-a-\ q-Nym-Nmtcymt´hm-k n\ a\p-im-kvXn. amXr-tZthm `h. ]nXr-tZthm `h. BNm-cy-tZthm
kXyw hZ. [À½w Nc. kzm[ym-bm·m {]a-Zx. BNm- `h. AXn-Yn-tZthm `h. bm\y-\h - -Zym\n IÀamWn
cymb {]nbw [\-am-lrXy {]Pm-X´pw am hyh-tÑ- Xm\n tkhn-Xh- ym-\n. t\m CX-cm-Wn. bm\y-kvamIw
Õox. kXym¶ {]a-Zn-X-hyw. [À½m¶ {]a-Zn-X-hyw. kpN-cnXm\n Xm\n Xztbm-]m-ky-\m-\n. t\m CX-cm-
Ipi-e m¶ {]a-Zn-X -h yw. `pssXy \ {]a-Zn-X -h yw. Wn. tb tI Nmkva- Ñ vtd-b mwtkm {_mÒ-t Wmx.
kzm[ym-b-{]-h -N\- m`ymw \ {]a-Zn-Xh
- yw. tZh-]n-Xr- tXjmw Xzbmkt\\ {]iz-kn-Xh - yw. {i²tbm
Im-cym`ymw \ {]a-Zn-X-hyw. tZbw. A{i-²-bm-tZ-bw. {inbm tZbw. lvdnbm-tZ-bw.
Krl-س Xsâ PohnXw F§s\ Bhn-j v¡ -c n- `nbm tZbw. kwhnZm tZbw.
¡Ww; C¡mcyw {Kln-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\p th­n Cu A\p- ]p{X, \o amXm-hn-t\bpw ]nXm-hn-t\bpw Kpcp-hn-t\bpw
hmIw Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p. BNm-cy³ injys\ thZ-¯nsâ AXn-Yn-tbbpw tZh-Xpeyw IcpXWw. Cu \mep-t]-tcbpw
A²y- b \w \Ã- X p- t ]mse \S- ¯ n¨p kam- h À¯\ Cuiz-csâ {]Xn-aqÀ¯n-sb¶p IcpXn {i²-tbmSpw `àn-
kwkv¡m-c-k-abw Krl-Øm-{i-a-¯n {]th-in-¸n¨v Krl- tbmSpw Ch-cpsS BÚsb ]men¨pw \a-k¡ v -cn¨pw Pohn-
Ø- [À½-§sf ]men-¡p-¶- Xn- \pÅ hnZy \ÂIp¶p þ ]p{X, ¡p-I. Chsc Ft¸mgpw Xsâ hn\-b] - qÀ®-amb \S-]-Sn-I-
\o Ft¸mgpw kXyw kwkm-cn-¡-Ww, B]¯p kw`-hn- fm {]k-¶-cm-¡n-¯oÀ¡p-I. temI-¯n-epÅ \nÀt±m-j-
¨mÂt¸mepw IÅs¯ Hcn-¡epw icWw {]m]n-¡-cp-Xv. §-fmb FÃm IÀ½-§-tfbpw \o tkhn-¡-Ww. Ah-bnÂ
Xsâ hÀ®m-{i-a-¯n- \-\p-Iq-ea - mbn imkv{X-k-½-X-§-fmb \n¶pw hncp-²-ambn tZmj-bp-à-§fpw \njn-²-§-fp-amb
[À½-§sf A\p-jT v n-¡p-I. kzm-[ym-bt- ¯msS AXm-bXv IÀ½-§sf ad-¶n«v þ kz]v\-¯nÂt¸mepw Ahsb BN-
thZm-`ym-kt- ¯m-Sp-IqSn kÔym-hµ - -\hpw Kmb-{Xo-P-]hpw cn-¡-cp-Xv. \½psS kz´w-Kpcp P\-§-fpsS BNm-c-hy-h-lm-
`K-h-¶ma KpW-IoÀ¯-\-§fpw \S¯n \nXy-IÀ½§fn c-§-fn D¯-a-§fpw alm-ßm-¡-fm A\p-tam-Zn-¡-s¸-«n-
Hcn-¡epw {]amZw hcp-¯m-Xn-cn-¡pI þ AXm-bXv Hcn-¡epw «p-Å-h-bp-amb BN-c-W-§sf kw_- Ôn¨v bmsXm-cp-hn-[-
Ahsb A\m-Zc - -thm-Sp-IqSn \S-¯m-Xn-cn-¡p-I. Be-kyw- ¯n-ep- apÅ i¦-IÄ¡n- S-an-Ãm-¯-hsb \n§Ä A\p-I-cn-¡-
aqew \S-¯m-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿-cp-Xv. Kpcp-hn\p Z£n- Wm-cq- Ww. bmsXm-¶ns\ kw_-Ôn¨v Aev]-sa-¦nepw i¦-bp-­m-
]- ¯n At±-l-¯nsâ cpNn-¡-\p-k-c-W-amb [\w sIm­p Ip-¶pthm AXns\ Hcn-¡epw A\p-I-cn-¡p-hm³ ]mSn-Ã.
h¶v t{]a-]qÀÆw \evIp-I. ]ns¶ At±-l-¯nsâ BÚ- bmsXm-cp-¯³ Bsc-¦nepw t{ijvT³ þ hb-Ênepw hnZy-
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I bnepw X]-Ênepw BN-c-W§- -fnepw D¶-X³ Bbn-«p-Å- ¶-h\pw FÃm-h-tcmSpw kvt\l-a-ba K

- mb s]cp-am-ä-t¯m-Sp-
h³ þ XYm {_mÒ-WmZn ]qPy³, ho«n BK-X- \m-Ip-I-bm- Iq-Sn-b-h\pw AXp-t]mse GI-am-{X-amb [À½-]m-e-\-¯nÂ
sW- ¦n B Bfns\ ]mZyw AÀLyw Bk\w apX-em-bh B{K-l-apÅh\p-amb hnZzm-\p-amb {_mÒ-W³ F{]-Imcw
\ÂIn FÃm {]Im-c-¯nepw _lp-am-\n-¡p-Ibpw bYm- C§- s\-bpÅ Imcy- §Ä {]hÀ¯n- ¡p-¶pthm AXp-t]m-se-
tbmKyw tkh\w sN¿p-Ibpw thWw. Xsâ iàn-¡-\p- Xs¶ \n§fpw BN-cn-¡-Ww. A§-s\-bpÅ Ah-k-c-
k-c- W-amb Zm\w sN¿p-¶- Xn\pw \n§Ä DZm-c-]qÀÆ-I- ambn ¯n At±-l-¯nsâ D]-tZ-i-a-\p-k-cn¨pw At±-l-¯nsâ
X¸-c-cm-bn-cn-¡-Ww. Fs´-¦nepw \ÂIp-I-bm-sW-¦n BZÀi- a -\ p-k -c n¨pw Ahsb A\p-K -a n-¡ -W w. CXp
AXv _lp-am-\-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cn-¡-Ww. {i²m-]qÀÆ-a- IqSmsX Hcp-h³ GsX-¦nepw tZmj-¯m If-¦-s¸-«p-t]m-
ÃmsX bmsXm¶pw \ÂIp-hm³ ]mSn- Ã. F´p- sIm-s­- ¶m sb-¦n Ah-t\mSv F§s\ s]cp-am-dWw þ F¶ hnj-b-
A{i-²-tbmsS \ÂI-s¸-Sp¶ Zm\m-Zn-IÀ½-§Ä Ak- ¯nepw \n§Ä¡v Hcp hnj- am- hØ D­m-Ip-I-bm-sW-¦nÂ
¯mbn ]cn- K - W n- ¡ - s ¸- S p- ¶ p. hn\-b - t ¯msS Zm\w \n§Ä¡v kz´w _p²n-bm Hcp Xocp-am-\-¯n-se-¯p-
sN¿Ww; AXm-bXv FÃm k¼-¯p-Ifpw `K-hm-tâ-Xm-Ip- hm³ km[n-¡p-¶nsæn apI-fn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶ hn[-
¶p. Rm\-Xns\ Ftâ- sX¶p Icp-Xp¶p F¦n AXv AXy- ¯n- epÅ alm- ·m-cmb BfpIÄ Ah-t\mSp F§ns\ s]cp-
[nIw A]-cm-[-am-Ip-¶p. AXns\ FÃm Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw am-dp-¶thm A§-s\-Xs¶ \n§fpw {]hÀ¯n-¡-Ww. Ah-
lrZ-b-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ `K-hmsâ tkh-\-¯n-\mbn cpsS \S-]-Sn-IÄ C¡m-cy-¯n {]am-W-am-Ip-¶p.
Nne-h-gn-t¡-­Xv Fsâ IÀ¯- hy-am-Ip-¶p. Rms\-´p- am{Xw
imkv{X- ¯nsâ BÚ- þ-imkv{Xw ]ngn- sª- Sp¯ k¯v
sImSp-¯mepw AXv Aev]-am- {Xta BIp-¶p-Åq. C{]-Imcw
CXp-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. Kpcp-¡-·mcpw amXm-]n-Xm-¡fpw X§-
Nn´n¨p hfsc Ffn-a-tbm-Sp-IqSn \ÂI-Ww. a\-Ên Zm\n-
fpsS i njy- · mÀ¡pw k´m- \ - § Ä¡pw \ÂIp¶
bm- sW¶ Al-¦mcw hcp-hm-\-\p-h-Zn-¡-cp-X.v FÃm- bn-S¯pw
D]tZi§Ä FÃm thZ- §-fp- sSbpw cl- ky-amb CXp-X- s¶-
FÃm-¯nepw `K-hm³ ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. AXn-\m Zm\w
bm-I p-¶ p. am{X- a -Ã , \nb- a hpw CXp-X -s ¶-b m-I p-¶ p.
kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-Xs¶ At±-l-¯nsâ Ir]-sbm-¶p-am{Xw
Cuizcsâ BÚbpw ]c-¼-cm-K-X-amb D]-tZ-i-§-fpsS
F¶p hnNm-cn¨p `K-hm-t\mSp `bm-\zn-X-\mbn Zm\w \ÂI-
\mahpw Cu \nbaw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m \n§Ä
Ww. ""R§Ä NneÀs¡Ãmw D]-Imcw sN¿p¶p'' F¶pÅ
CXp-t]m- se-bpÅ IÀ¯-hy-§fpw kZm-Nm-c-§fpw ]men-¨p-
`mh-t¯m-Sp-I q-Sn, Al-¦m-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn, Ahn-\-b-ambn
sIm- Å- Ww.
bmsXmcp Zm\hpw sN¿-cp-X.v F¶m bmsXm¶v \mw Zm\-
cq-]-¯n \ÂIp-¶pthm AXp hnth-I-t¯mSpw AXnsâ ZzmZ- im- \ p-h mIw
]cn-Wm-as¯ a\-Ên-em-¡nbpw \njv¡m-a-`-h-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb iw t\m an{Xx iw hcp-Wx. iw t\m `h-Xz-cy-am.
IÀ¯-hy-sa¶p Icp-Xnbpw Bbn-cn-¡-Ww. C{]-Imcw \evI- iw \ Ct{µm _rl-kv]X - nx. iw t\m hnjvWp-cp-cp-
s¸-Sp¶ Zm\w `K-hÂ{]o-Xn-¡mbn awK-f-¯nsâ km[-\-bm- {I-ax. \tam {_Ò-tW. \akvtX hmtbm. Xztah
bn-¯o-cp-hm³ CS-bm-Ip-¶p. AXp-Xs¶ A£-b-^-es¯ {]Xy£w {_Òm-kn. Xzmtah {]Xy£w {_Òm-hm-
{]Zm\w sN¿p-¶-Xm-Ip-¶p. Zn-jw. EX-a-hm-Zn-jw. kXy-a-hmZnjw. X·m-am-ho-Xv.
AY bZn tX IÀ½-hn-Nn-InÕm hm hr¯-hn-Nn- XZz-àm-c-am-ho-Xv. Bho-·mw. Bho-Zz-àm-cw.
InÕm hm kymXv tb X{X {_mÒWmx k½Àin- Hmw im´nx ! im´nx !! im´nx !!!
\x. bpàm Bbp-àmx. Aep£m [À½-Imamx kyp;
bYm tX X{X hÀ¯-tc³. XYm X{X hÀt¯Ymx. in£m-hà - n-bpsS Cu A´n-am-\p-hm-I-¯n `n¶-`n-¶-
AYm`ymJymtXjp. tb X{X {_ÒWmx k½Àin- i-ànIfpsS A[n-jvTm-Xm-hmb ]c-ta-iz-c-t\mSp `n¶`n-¶-
\x. bpàm Bbpàmx Aep£m [À½-Imamx kypx, \m-a-¯nepw cq]-¯nepw At±-ls¯ kvXpXn-¨p-sIm­v
bYm tX tXjp-hÀ¯-tc³x XYm tXj-hÀt¯-Ymx. {]mÀ°-\m-]qÀÆw \µn {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶p. B[n-ssZ-hn-Ihpw
Gj BtZix. Gj D]-tZix Gjm thtZ-]-\n-j- B²ym-ßn-Ihpw B[n-`u-Xn-I-hp-amb iàn-I-fpsS cq]-
Xv. GX-Z\pimk-\ w. Gh-ap-] m-k n-X hyw! Ghap ¯nepw AXp-t]mse Ah-bpsS A[n-jvTm-\-tZ-hX - -I-fmb
ssNX-Zp- ]m-k yw. an{X³ hcp- W³ apX- emb tZh- X-I- fpsS cq]-¯nepw bmsXm-
cp-¯³ AJn- e¯ - n- tâbpw Bßmhpw A´-cym-an-bp-am-bn-
Ch-sbÃmw sNbvXp-sIm-­n-cp-¶n«pw \n§Ä¡v GsX- cn-¡p¶ ]c-ta-iz-c-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm At±lw FÃm-{]-Im-
¦nepw Hc-h- k-c-¯n kz IÀ¯-hys¯ \nÝ-bn- ¡p¶Xn\v c- ¯nepw \ap¡p Ieym- W-a-b-\mbn `hn-¡s« þ \½psS D¶-
hnjaw t\cn-Sp-Itbm kz´w _p²n-bn Hcp Xocp-am-\-¯n- Xn-bpsS amÀ¤-¯n bmsXm-cp-hn-[-¯n-epÅ hnLv\§ - Ä
se-¯p-¶-Xn\p km[n-¡msX hcn-Itbm \n§Ä InwIÀ¯- kw`-hn-¡p-hm³ A\p-h-Zn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡-s«. \nJn-e-¯nsâbpw
hy-hn-aq-V-\m-bn-¯o-cp-Itbm BsW-¦n A§-s\- bpÅ A´-cym-an-bmb {_Òs¯ \a-k¡ v -cn-¡p-¶p.
Ah-Ø-bn \à Nn´m-K-Xn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bh - \pw DNn-X-§-
fmb \à D]-tZ-i-§Ä \ÂIp-¶-h\pw k¡À½-§-fnepw C{]-Imcw im´n-¡p-th­n ]c-am-ßm-hn-t\mSp {]mÀ°n-
kZm-Nm-c-§-fnepw X¸-c-X-tbm-Sp-IqSn hym]r-X-\m-bn-cn-¡p- ¨n«p kq{Xm-ßm-hmbn {]mW-cq-]-¯n FÃm Pohn-I-fnepw

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I hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p¶ ]c-ta-iz-cs\ hmbp-hnsâ \ma-¯n {]Y-am- \ p-hmIw K

kvXpXn-¡p¶p þ ""tl kÀÆ-i-àn-am³, FÃm¯ntâbpw
{_Ò-hn-Zm-]vt\mXn ]cw. XtZ-jm-`yp-àm.
{]mW-cq-]a- mb hmbp-ab ]c-ta-iz-c, A§sb \akv¡-cn-
¡p-¶p. A§p-Xs¶ FÃm {]mWn-I-fp-tSbpw {]mW-kz-cq- {_Ò Úm\n-bmb alm-ßmhv ]c-{_-Òs¯ {]m]n-
]-amb {]Xy£ {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m Rm³ A§-sb- ¡p¶p; C¡mcyw Adn-bn- ¡p- ¶-Xn\pw ap¼n hcp¶ {ipXn
¯s¶ {]Xy-£-ssZ-ha - -sa¶p ]dªp hnfn-¡p-¶p. Rm³ ]d-b-s¸- Sp-¶p.
EXw F¶ \ma-¯nepw A§sb hnfn-¡p-¶p. F´p-sIm- kXyw Úm\-a-\´w {_Ò. tbm thZ \nlnXw
s­-¶m FÃm Pohn-IÄ¡p-ambn bmsXm¶v Ieym-W-Im- Kplmbmw ]cta thyma³. tkmiv\ptX kÀhm³
cn-bmb \nb-a-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm B \nb-a-cq-]a - mb EX Imam³ kl {_mÒWm hn]-Ýn-tX-Xn.
(Cuizc-\n-b-a)¯nsâ A[n-jvTm-Xmhpw A§p Xs¶-bm-
Ip-¶p. am{X-a-Ã, Rm³ kXyw F¶ t]cnepw A§sb Cu a{´- ¯n ]c- {_Ò ]c- am- ßm-hnsâ kzcq] t_m[-
kwt_m-[\w sN¿p¶p; F´p-sIm-s­-¶mÂ, "kXy' (b- I- amb e£- W-§sf ]d-ªn«v At±-l-¯nsâ {]m]vXn-Øm-
YmÀ°-`m-j-W)-¯nsâ A[n-jT v m-\-tZ-h-Xbpw A§p-X-s¶-\s¯ hÀ®n¨v At±- l- ¯nsâ {]m]vXn- sIm- ­pÅ ^ehpw
bm-Ip-¶p-h-sÃm. kÀÆ-hym-]nbpw A´-cym-an-bp-amb ]c-ta- hnh-cn-¡p- ¶p. ]c-{_Ò ]c-am- ßmhpw kXy-kz-cq-]-\m-sW¶v
iz-c³ kZm-Nm-chpw kXy-`m-j-Whpw kZvhnZy {]m]n-¡p- Bi-bw. "kXy' i_vZw ChnsS \nXy-X-bpsS t_m[s¯
¶-Xn-\pÅ iàn F\n¡v {]Zm\w sNbvXv P\-\a Df-hm-¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv B ]c-{_Òw \nXy k¯v BIp-
- -c-W-am-
Ip¶ Cu kwkm- c-N-{I-¯nÂ\n¶pw Fs¶ c£n-¡p-Ibpw ¶p. bmsXmcp Ime-¯nepw AXn\v A`mhw D­m-Ip-¶n-Ã.
AXp-t]mse Fsâ BNm-cy\v FÃm D]-tZ-i-§fpw \ÂIn AXp-t]mse At±lw Úm\-kz-cq-]\pw BIp-¶p. At±-
FÃm-bn-S¯pw B kXys¯ {]N-cn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ iàn l- ¯n AÚm\w eh-teiw t]mepw CÃ. At±lw A\-
{]Zm\w sNbvXv At±-ls¯ c£n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-¡p- ´- am-Ip-¶p. AXm-bXv tZi-¯n\pw Ime-¯n\pw AXo-X- \m-
¶p. ChnsS "Fs¶ c£n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p, Fsâ BNm-cys\ Ip¶p þ ko amc-ln-X-\m-Ip-¶p. B {_Òw AXn-hn-ip-²-
c£n-¨n-cn-¡p¶p' Cu hmIy-§-fpsS BhÀ¯-\-¯nsâ amb BIm-i-¯n hkn-¨p-sIm-­n-cp-¶n«pw FÃm-h-cp-
Bi-bw-in-£m-h-Ãn-bpsS kam-]X v nsb kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. tSbpw lrZ-bK - p-l-I-fn Hfn-ªn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
B ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hns\ bmsXmcp km[-I³ XXz-t¯m-
Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx þ C{]- Imcw aq¶p {]mhiyw Sp-IqSn a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ FÃm-t¯bpw \¶m-b-
"im´n' ]Zs¯ D¨-cn-¡p-¶-Xnsâ `mhmÀ°w þ B[n-`u- dn-bp-¶-h-\mb B {_Ò-t¯m-Sp-IqSn hkn-¨p-sIm­v FÃm
Xn-Ihpw B[n-ssZ-hn-Ihpw B²ym-ßn-I-hp-ambn aq¶p hn[- {]Im-c-¯n-ep-apÅ t`mK-§sf Aeu-In-I-am-b-co-Xn-bnÂ
¯n-epÅ hnLv\§ - Ä¡v kÀÆYm D]-i-a\w D­m-Is« A\p-` -h n-¡ p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Cu {_Òm-WvU-¯nÂ
F¶- Xm-Wv. `K-hm³ im´n- kz-cq- ]-\mIp¶p. AXn- \m At±- bmsXm¶v PU-tN-X-\m-cq-]-amb PK-¯ m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm
l-¯nsâ kvac-W-bn \n¶pw FÃm {]Im-c-¯n-epapÅ AXv Cuiz-c-\m ]cn-]qÀ®-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. B Cuiz-cs\
im´n kp\nÝnX-am-Ip-¶p. X¶n¯s¶ hkn-¸n-¨ p-sIm­v AXm-b Xv \nc-´cw
{_Òm-\ - µ- h Ãn Nn´n¨p sIm­p-Xs¶ hkn-¸n-¨p-sIm­v AXm-bXv \nc-
´cw Nn´n-¨p-sIm-­p-Xs¶ XymK-]qÀÆw Ah-iy-hn-j-b-
im´n- ] mTw §sf tkh\w sN¿-Ww. bmsXm-cp-]t- Ziw km[-I\ - p-
Hmw kl \mh-h-Xp. kl \u `p\àpw kl- th­n \ÂI- s ¸- « n- c n- ¡ p- ¶ pthm A¡mcyw Xs¶ ChnsS
hocyw Ic-hm-h-ssl. tXPkzn \mh-[o-X-a-kvXp. am kn²-·m-cmb alm-ßm-¡-fpsS ØnXn-sb-¸än ]d-bp-¶-Xn\v
hnZznjm hssl. {]tbm-Kn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. "Ah³ {_Ò-t¯m-Sp-IqSn FÃm
t`mK§fpw A\p-`- hn-¡p¶p' ]c- am-ßm- hns\ {]m]n¨ kn²-
Hmw im´nx ! im´nx !! im´nx !!! cmb ]pcp-j-·mÀ C{µn-b-§Ä hgn-bmbn _mly- hn- j- b- §sf
tl ]c-a m-ß ³, A§p Kpcp-i n-j y-c mb R§sf A\p-`-hn-¨p-sIm­v kzbw ]c-am-ßm-hnÂXs¶ ØnXn-sN-
Ft¸mgpw FÃm {]Imc-¯nepw c£n-¨mepw! R§sf ¿p-¶p. Ahsâ a\-Ê,v _p²n, C{µn-b-§-fpsS {]hÀ¯-\-
Ft¸mgpw kap-N n-X -amb cq]-¯ n ]cn-] m-e n-¨ m-e pw. §Ä Ch apJm-´n-c-ap-­m-Ip¶ FÃm tNjvS-Ifpw ]c-am-
R§Ä¡v FÃm-hn[ iàn-Ifpw {]Zm\w sNbvXm-epw. ßm-hn ØnXn-s N-b vXp-sIm-­ p-X s¶ kw`-h n-¡ p-¶ p.
R§Ä A`y-kn¨ hnZy tXPx-]qÀ®-am-bn-cn-¡-tW. Hcn- BfpIfpsS ImgvN-bn Bh-iy-a-\p-k-cn¨v bYm-tbmKyw
¡epw BtcmSpw hnZy-bn R§Ä¡p ]cm-Pbw kw`-hn- hnjb§sf C{µn-b-Zzmcm A\p-`-hn-¡p¶ ka-b¯pw
¡m-Xn-cn-¡-tW. R§Ä Pohn-X-Imew ]cm-Pbw kw`-hn-¡m- Ah³ ]c-am-ßm-hnÂ\n¶pw Hcp £W-t\-c-t¯-bv¡p-
Xn-cn-¡-tW. R§Ä Pohn-X-Imew apgp-h³ ]c-kv]cw t]mepw thÀhn-«p-\n¡p- ¶n-Ã. AXn-\m kZm FÃm IÀ½-
kvt\l-kq-{X-¯m _²-cm-bn-cn-¡-tW. R§-fpsS DÅn §-fnÂ\n¶pw \nÀte-]-ambn hkn-¡p-¶p. Cu `mhw ImWn-
Hcn-¡epw ]c-kv]-c-hn-tZzjw D­m-Im-Xn-cn-¡-tW. tl ]c- ¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n "hn]-ÝnXm {_mÒWm kl kÀÆm³
am-ß³. aq¶p Xm]-§Ä¡pw \nhr-¯n-bp-­m-¡-W-ta. Imam³ Aiv\ptX' F¶p ]d-bs - ¸-Sp-¶p. C{]-Imcw Cu

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 125

I {ipXn ]c-{_-Ò-¯nsâ kzcq-]hpw AXp-t]mse AXnsâ A¶w- sIm-­p-Xs¶ Ah-bpsS ]me-\hpw t]mj-Whpw \S- K
Úm\-¯nsâ aln-abpw Adn-bn-¡p-¶-Xm-Ip-¶p. ¡p-¶p. AXn-\m A¶w-sIm-­p-Xs¶ Ah Pohn-¡p¶p.
]n¶oSv Ah-km\w Cu A¶-¯n¯s¶ þ A¶s¯
kw_Ôw þ B ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-am-ßmhv F{]-Imcw F§s\-
DÛ- hn-¸n-¡p¶ `qan-bnÂXs¶ hneo-\- am-bn-¯o-cp- ¶p. FÃm
bpÅ Kpl-bn Hfn-ªn-cn-¡p¶p; At±-ls¯ F§s\
Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw P\-\hpw Pohn-Xhpw ac-Whpw Øqe-i-
Xncn-¨-dn-bWw þ Cu B{K-l-\n-hr-¯n-¡p-th­n ASp¯
co-c-¯nsâ kw_-Ô-¯n \n¶pw DÛ-hn-¡p-¶p. A¶w-
{]I-cWw Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p.
sIm­p Pohn- ¡p-¶p. AXp- t]mse A¶- ¯nsâ DÛ- h- Øm-
XkvamZzm GX-kvam-Zm-ß\ BImix kw`q-X x. \-amb `qan-bn hnebpw {]m]n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. CXm-
BIm-im-Zzm-bpx. hmtbm-c-ánx. Atá-cm-]x. AZv`yx Wn-Xnsâ Xm¸-cyw. B ico-c¯ - n hkn-¡p¶ Pohm-
]rYn-h n. ]rYnhym Hmj-[ -b x. Hmj-[ ot`ym¶w. ßmhv A¶-¯n ebn-¨p-tN-cp-¶nÃ; Ah-sb-Ãm-am-Is«
A¶m-Xv]p-cp-jx. k hm Gj ]pcptjm¶c ka- arXyp-Im-e-¯n {]mW-t\m-Sp-IqSn Cu ico-c-¯n \n¶pw
bx. Xtkym-Zt- a-h-in-cx. Abw-Z-£nWx ]£x. Ab- ]pd- s¸«p aäp ico- c- ¯n-te¡p amdn-t¸m-Ip- ¶p. C{]-Imcw Cu
ap-¯-cx-]-£x. Ab-am-ßm. CZw ]pÑw {]Xn-jvTm. A¶w FÃm PohnIfptSbpw DÛ-h¯ - nsâ Imc-W-am-Ip-
XZ-t]yj tÇmtIm `h-Xn. ¶p. CXn FÃmw AS§nbn-cn-¡p-¶p. BI-bm CXp-
Cu a{´-¯n a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-am-Ip¶ Kplsb hÀ®n- Xs¶ FÃm-¯nepw t{ijvTw. AXn-\m CXp kÀÆu-j[
¡p- ¶-Xn- \pÅ Dt±-i-t¯m- Sp- IqSn BZyw a\p- jy- i- co- c- ¯nsâ cq]-sa¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp¶p; F´p-sIm-s­-¶m CXnÂ
D¸-¯n-{I-as¯ kwt£- ]-ambn ]d-ªn«v AXnsâ Ah- PohnIfpsS £p[m-P-\ y-a mb k´m]w \in-¡ p- ¶ p.
b-h-§sf ]£n-If - psS AwK-§-fmbn hn`m-h\w sN¿p-¶p. bmsXmcp km[-I³ Cu A¶s¯ {_Ò-cq-]-¯n D]m-
AJn-e-¯n-tâbpw Bßmhv A´-cym-an-bmb ]c-am-ßm- hn kn- ¡p-¶pthm Ah³ kakvX A¶-t¯bpw {]m]n-¡p- ¶p.
\n¶pw BZy-ambn BIm-i-X-Xz-¯n DÛ-hn¨p F¶p Ah\v CjvSw-t]mse A¶w e`y- am-Ip-¶p. AXnsâ A`mhw
kmcw. BIm-i -¯ n \n¶pw hmbp-X - X zhpw hmbp- Hcn-¡epw D­m-Ip-¶n-Ã. Cu A¶w Xs¶ FÃm `qX-§-
hnÂ\n¶pw Aán-X- Xzhpw Aán-bn \n¶pw Pe-X-Xzhpw fnepw kÀÆ-t{i-jvT-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m CXv kÀÆu-j-[-a-
Pe-¯nÂ\n¶pw ]rYznbpw DÛ-hn-¨p. ]rYzn-bnÂ\n¶pw b-sa¶p ]d-bs - ¸-Sp-¶Xp kÀÆYm kXyw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p.
\m\m-{]-Im-c-¯n-epÅ Hmj-[n-Ifpw [m\y-s¨-Sn-Ifpw Ah- FÃm Pohn- I fpw A¶-¯nÂ\n¶pw DÛ-hn-¡p-Ibpw A¶w-
bn \n¶pw a\p-jyÀ¡pÅ Blm-chpw DÛ-hn-¨p. B sIm­p hf- c p- Ibpw þ Ah-bpsS Ah-b-h-]pjvSn A¶w-
A¶-¯ nÂ\n¶pw Cu Øqe-a-\p-jy-i-coc ]pcp-j\pw sIm­p kw`- h n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. FÃm Pohn-Ifpw
D­m-bn. A¶-c-k-¯n \n¶pw D­mb a\pjy-i-co-c-[m- CXns\ `£n-¡p-Ibpw AXp-t]mse FÃm Pohn-I-tfbpw
cn-bmb ]pcp-js\ ]£n-bpsS cq]-t¯m-Sp-]-an-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. CXp `£n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXv X¶n-te-bv¡p-Xs¶ hen-s¨-Sp-
CXnsâ inc-Êns\ ]£n- bpsS inc- tÊmSpw CS-¯p-`p-Ps¯ ¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AXn-\m ""AZy-tX, A¯n N CXn
CS-¯p-]£ - -t¯mSpw D]-an-¡p-¶p. he-Xp-`pPw he-Xp-]- A¶w'' F¶ hypev] -¯ n-b -\ p-k -c n¨v CXnsâ \maw
£hpw ico-c-¯nsâ a[y-`mKw ]£n-bpsS ico-c¯ - nsâ A¶sa¶mbn-cn-¡p-¶p.
a[y-`m-Khpw BIp-¶p. c­p-]m-Z-§fpw ]£n-bpsS Imep- Xkv a mZzm GX- k v a m- Z- ¶ - c - k - a - b m-Z t\ym´c
am-Ip-¶p. A¶-¯nsâ aln-asb hÀ®n-¨p-sIm­pÅXm- Bßm {]mW-a-bx. tXss\j ]qÀ®x. k hm Gj
Ip¶p ASp¯ a{´w. ]pcp-j-hn[ Gh. Xky ]pcp-j-hn-[-Xm-a-\zbw ]pcp-
j-hn-[x. Xky {]mW Gh incx. hymt\m Z£n-Wx
ZznXo-b m-\ p- h mIw
]£x. A]m\ D¯cx ]£x. BImi Bßm.
A¶ ms sZz {] Pmx {]Pm- b - t ´ .bmx ImÝ ]rYnho ]pÑw {]Xn-jvTm. XZ-t]yj tÇmtIm `h-
]rYnhow {ioXmx. AtYm At¶-s s\h Poh-´n. Xn.
AssY\- Z - ] n- b - ´ y- ´ - X x. A¶w ln `qXm\mw
ZznXo-bm-\p-hm-I-¯nse Cu c­mw Awi-¯n {]mW-
tPyjvTw. Xkvam-ÕÀhu-j-[-ap-Ny-tX. kÀÆw ssh
a-b-amb ico-cs¯ hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. ]qÀtÆm-à-amb
tX¶am-]v\p-h-´ ntb¶w {_tÒm-]m-k-tX. A¶w
A¶- c-k-¯n \n¶pw DÛ-hn-¨n-«pÅ Øqe ico-c- ¯nÂ
ln `qXm\mw tPyjvTw. Xkvam-ÕÀhu-j-[-ap-Ny-tX.
\n¶pw `n¶-ambn AXnsâ DÅn ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ asämcp
A¶m-Zv`q-Xm\n Pmb-t´. PmXm-\y-t¶\ hÀ[-t´.
ico-c-ap-­v. AXnsâ t]À "{]mW-abw' F¶m-Ip-¶p. {]mW-
AZytX¯n N `qXm-\n. Xkvam-Zm\w XZp-NyX CXn.
a-b-t¯-¡mÄ A¶-a-bi - -cocw ]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶p. A¶-a-b-
Cu a{´- ¯n A¶- ¯nsâ alna hÀ®n- ¡-s¸-«n-cn- ¡p- amb Øqe ico-c- s¯- ¡mÄ kq£va-am- b-Xp-Im-cWw {]mW-
¶p. Cu ]rYzn-bn F{Xtbm Pohn-IÄ hkn-¡p-¶p. Ah- ab icocw CXnsâ AwK-{]-Xyw-K-§-fn hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-
sbÃmw A¶-¯n \n¶pw DÛ-hn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. A¶- ¶p. Cu {]mW-a-b-i-co-chpw ]pcp-jm-Im-c-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-X-
¯nsâ ]cn-Wm-a-cq-]a
- mb cP-Ê nÂ\n¶pw hocy-¯n t{X. A¶- ab ico-c-¯nsâ ]pcp-jm-Im-cXzw {]kn-²-am-W.v
\n¶pw Ah-bpsS icocw D­m-bn- cn-¡p-¶p. AXn\p tijw AXn A\p-K-X-am-bX - n-\m¯s¶ Cu {]mW-a-b-ic - o-
N P
 126
I chpw ]pcp-jm-Im-c-sa¶p ]d-bs- ¸-Sp-¶p. AXns\ ]£n-
bpsS cq]-¯n hn`m-h\w sN¿p-¶-Xn-{]-Im-c-am-Ip¶p þ
{]mW³Xs¶ AXnsâ incÊv; F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m ico-
c-¯nsâ Ah-b-h-b-§-fn akvXIw F{]-Imcw t{ijvT-
am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ ]©-{]m-W-§-fnÂ
apJy-{]m-W³ Xs¶ kÀÆ-t{i-jvTa - m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. hym\³
he-Xp-Nn-dIpw A]m-\³ CS-Xp-Nn-dIpw BIp-¶p. BIm-
is¯ AXm-bXv A´-co-£-¯n hym]n-¨p-In-S-¡p¶
hmbp-hn-s\-t¸mse kÀÆ-i-co-c-hym-]n-bmb "kam-\-hmbp'
Bßm-hm-Ip¶p; F´p-sIm-s­-¶m AXp-Xs¶ icocw
apgp-h³ kam\ cq]-¯n ckw F¯n¨v FÃm {]mW-ab
ico-c-§-tfbpw ]pjvSn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. CXnsâ Øm\w ico-
c-¯nsâ a[y-`m-K-am-Wv. AXp-t]mse CXn\v _mlym-Im-i-
hp-ambn kw_-Ô- ap-­v.
Cu {]mWsâ aln-am-hn-j-I-ambn ]d-bs
- ¸-Sp¶ a{´-
amWv C\n-bp-Å-Xv.
XrXo- b m- \ p-hmIw
{]mWw tZhm A\p {]mW-´n. a\pjymx ]i-
hÝ tb. {]mtWm ln `qXm-\ m-a m-b px. Xkv am-
ÕÀhm-bp-j -ap-Ny-tX. kÀÆ-tah X BbpÀb´n
tb {]mWw {_tÒm-]m-k-tX. {]mtWm ln `qXm-\m-
am-bpx. Xkvam-ÕÀhm-bp-j-ap-Ny-X CXn. Xsskyj
Gh imcoc Bßm bx ]qÀÆ-ky.
aq¶m-a-\p-hm-I-¯nse Cu BZymwi¯n {]mWsâ
aln-a sb hÀ®n-¡ p¶ {ipXnsb DtÃ-J \w sNbvX -
Xn\ptijw Cu {]mW-a-b- i-co-c-¯nse A´- cym-an- bmb ]c-
ta-iz-cs\ e£y-am-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. F{X-am{Xw tZh-X-Ifpw
a\p-jycpw arK-§-fp-ambn ico-c-[m-cn-I-fmb Pohn-I-fpt­m
Ah-sbÃmw {]mWsâ klm-bw-sIm­p am{Xw Pohn-¡p-
¶p. {]mW-s\-¡q-SmsX bmsXm-¶n-tâbpw icocw \ne-
\n¡p-¶n-Ã. F´p-sIm-s­-¶mÂ, {]mW³Xs¶ FÃm
Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw BbpÊv þ Poh³ þ BIp-¶p. AXn-\mÂ
Cu {]mWs\ "kÀhmbpjw' F¶p hnfn-¡p-¶p. bmsXmcp
km[- I³ "CXp Pohn-I-fpsS Bbp-Êm- Ip- ¶p, AXn-\m CXv
FÃm-h-cp-tSbpw Poh³ AsÃ-¦n BbpÊv F¶p ]d-b-
s¸-Sp¶p' F¶p hniz-kn¨v Cu {]mWs\ _mly-cq-]-¯nÂ
D]m-k\ sN¿p-¶pthm Ah³ ]qÀ®-amb Bbp-Êns\
{]m]n-¡p-¶p. bmsXmcp kÀÆm-ßm-hmb ]c-ta-iz-c³ A¶-
¯nsâ ck- ¯m D­m- ¡- s¸« Øqe- i-co-c-[m-cn- bmb ]pcp-
jsâ A´-cm-ßm-hm- bn-cn-¡p- ¶pthm At±lw Xs¶ {]mW-
a-b-\mb ]pcp-jsâ ico-cm-´ÀhÀ¯nbpw A´-cym-an-bp-
amb Bßm-hm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
Xkv a mZzm GX- k v a m- X v {]m-W - a -b m-Z t\ym´c
Bßm at\m-a-bx. tXss\j ]qÀ®x. k hm Gj
]pcp-j-hn[ Gh. Xky ]pcp-j-hn-[-Xm-a-\zbw ]pcp-
j-hn-[x. Xky bPp-tch incx. EKvZ-£nWx ]£x.
N P
kmtam-¯cx ]£x. BtZi Bßm. AYÀhm-MvKn- K
ckx ]pÑw {]Xn-jvTm. XZ-t]yj tÇmtIm `h-Xn.
ChnsS at\m-a-b]- pcpjs\ hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. BZyw
]dª {]mW-ab ]pcp-j-\nÂ\n¶pw `n¶hpw AXn-s\-
¡mÄ kq£vahpw Bb-Xp-Im-cWw AXnsâ DÅn hkn-
¡p-¶Xp asämcp ]pcp-j-\m-Ip-¶p. AXnsâ \ma-am-Ip¶p
""at\m-a-b³''. B at\m-a-b-\m Cu {]mW-ab icocw
]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶p. AXm-bXv AXv Cu {]mW-ab ico-c-¯nÂ
kÀÆ{X hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. B at\m-ab ico-chpw ]pcp-
jsâ BIm-c-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn- b-Xm-Ip-¶p. {]mW- a-b- ]p-cp-j- \nÂ
A\p-K-X-\m-b-Xn-\m¯s¶ Cu at\m-ab icocw ]pcp-j-
k-am-\-amb BIm-c- t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-Ip-¶p. AXns\ ]£n-
bpsS cq]-¯n C{]-Imcw hn`m-h\w sN¿p¶p þ B at\m-
ab ]pcp-jsâ incÊv bPpÀth-Z-am-Ip-¶p. EtKzZw heXp
NndIpw kma-thZw CSXp Nnd-Ip-am-Ip-¶p. BtZiw (hn-[n-
hm-Iyw) ico-c¯ - nsâ a[y-`m-Khpw AXp-t]mse AYÀÆm-
hv, AwKn-cÊv F¶o alÀjn-am-cm ZÀin-¡-s¸« AYÀÆ-
th-Z-a-{´w-Xs¶ hmepw B[m-chpw BIp-¶p.
bÚm-Zn-IÀ½-§-fn bPpÀth-Z-¯nse a{´-§Ä¡p
{]m[m- \y-ap-­v. CXp IqSmsX bmsXm- ¶nse A£- c-§Ä¡v
bmsXmcp ¢n]vX-kw-Jybpw CÃm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-
¶nsâ ]mZ-]qÀ¯n¡p bmsXmcp \nÝn-X-\n-ba - -§-fp-an-Ãm-
Xn-cn- ¡p-¶pthm A§-s\- bpÅ a{´- §sf "bPpÀthZ' Oµ-
Ên A´ÀK-X-am-bn-¡-cp-Xp-¶p. Cu \nbaw A\p-k-cn¨v
GsX- ¦n-e p-samcp sshZn-I -h m-Iytam AYhm a{´tam
""kzmlm'' ]Zw A´y-¯n tNÀ¯v Aán-bn BlpXn
kaÀ¸n-¨m B hmIy-t¯tbm a{´-t¯tbm bPpÊv
F¶p ]d-bpw. C{]-Imcw bPpÀa-{´-Zzm-cm-Xs¶ Aán¡v
lhnÊv AÀ¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xn-\m AhnsS bPpÊv {][m-\-
am-Ip-¶p. AwK-§-fn incÊpw {]m[m-\y-aÀln-¡p-¶-Xp-
t]mse bPpÀth-Zs¯ incÊpw F¶p ]d-bp-¶XpNnX- am-
bn-cn-¡p-¶p. thZ-a-{´-§-fpsS hÀ®w, ]Zw, hmIyw apX-
em-bh - b
- psS D¨m-c-W-¯n\v BZyw a\-Ên¯s¶ k¦-
ev]-ap-W-cp-¶p. AXn-\m k¦-ev]m-ß-I-hr-¯n-Zzmcm at\m-
ab ]pcp-j-t\m-Sp-Iq-Snb thZ-a-{´-§Ä¡p L\n-jvT-amb
kw_- Ô- ap-­v. Chbv¡v at\m-ab ]pcp-jsâ Ah-b-h§ - -
fnÂXs¶ Øm\w \ÂI-s ¸-«n-cn-¡ p-¶ p. ico-c- ¯nÂ
bmsXmcp Øm\w \ÂI-s ¸-«n-c n-¡p-¶ p. ico-c -¯ nÂ
bmsXmcp Øm\w c­p `pP§Ä¡p-­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm
B kvYm\w Xs¶-bmWp at\m- ab ]pcp-jsâ AwK-§-fnÂ
EtKz-Z-¯n\pw kma-th- Z-¯n-\p-ap-Å-Xv. bÚ-bm-Km-Zn-I-fnÂ
Ch-bpsS a{´- Zzmcm kvXh-\hpw IoÀ¯-\hpw \S-¯p-¶p.
AXn-\m bPpÀth-Z-a-{´-§sf At]-£n¨v Ch A{]-[m-
\-§-fm-Ip-¶p. F¶n-cp-¶mepw `pP-§-sf-t¸mse bÚ-§-
fn {][m\ klm-b-I-§fpw BIp-¶p. AXn-\m Chbv¡v
`pP-§-fpsS cq]w \ÂI-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. BtZi (hn-[n)
hmIyw thZ-§-fpsS DÅn-em-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m Ah-Xp-Xs¶
at\m-ab ]pcp-jsâ AwK-§-fpsS a[y-`m-K-ambn ]d-bs - ¸-
 127

I Sp-¶p. AYÀh-th-Z-¯n im´nIw ]ujvSnIw BZn-bmb hym]vX-am-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw at\m-abw Xt¶-¡mÄ ap¼pÅ K

IÀ½- §-fpsS km[-Ia - -{´-am-Ip¶p {]Xn-jvT-bpsS Imc-W- {]mW-a-bhpw A¶- a-b-hp-amb ico-c-§-fn hym]-I-am-bn-
am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. AXn-\m AXns\ ]pÑ-sa¶pw {]Xn-jT v - cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AXn- \m Cu hnPvRm\-amb Pohm-
sb¶pw ]d-bp-¶Xv kÀÆYm bpàn-kw-K-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. ßmhv icocw apgp-h³ hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Pohm-ß-kz-cq-]-
k¦-ev]m-ßI hr¯n-Zzmcm at\m-ab ]pcp-jsâ \nXy-kw- \mb t£{X- Ú³ ico- c-cq-]-am-Ip¶ t£{X- ¯n kÀÆ{X
_Ôw Ch-sb-Ãm-¯n-t\m-Spw-Iq-Sn-bp-­v. AXn-\m thZ-a- ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. Cu hnÚ-\-am-b-amb Bßmhpw \nÝ-
{´-§Ä AXnsâ AwK-ambn ]d-bs - ¸-Sp-¶p. Cu Imcyw b-am-bn-¯s¶ ]pcp-jm-Im-c-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bX - m-Ip-¶p. B
Ft¸mgpw kvac-W- bn-ep-­m-bn- cn-¡-Ww. at\m-ab ]pcp-j-\n hym]n-¨n- cn-¡p-¶- Xn-\m¯s¶ AXv
]pcp-jm-Im-c-ambn ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. B hnÚm-\-a-b-s¯
]£n-bpsS cq]-¯n C{]-Imcw hn`m-h\w sN¿p-¶p.
NXpÀYm-\ p-h mIw
_p²n-b psS \nÝn-X -h n-izm-k -c q-]-a mb hr¯nsb B
btXm hmtNm \nhÀ¯-t´. A{]m]y a\km hnÚm-\m-ßm-hnsâ ico-c¯ - nsâ {][m\ AwK-cq-]-amb
kl. B\µw {_ÒtWm hnZzm³. \ _nt`Xn IZm- inc-Êmbn Iev]n-¡p¶p. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m Cu ZrV-hn-
N-t\-Xn. Xsskyj Gh imcoc Bßm bx ]qÀÆ- izm-kw-Xs¶ Hmtcm hnj-b-¯nepw D¶-Xn-bpsS Imc-W-am-
ky. Ip-¶p. ]c-am-ß-{]m-]vXn-bn-em-Is« Gä-hp-amZyw CXnsâ
Cu a{´- ¯n {_Òm-\-µs¯ {Kln-¨n-«pÅ hnZzm³am- Bhiyap-­ m-Ip-¶p. kZm-Nm-c-\n-Ýbw CXnsâ heXp
cpsS aln-a-tbm-Sp-IqSn Ah-cpsS at\m-a-b-i-co-c-¯nsâ NndIpw kXy-`m- j-W- \n-Ýbw CXnsâ CS- Xp-]-£hpw BIp-
amlm-ßy-t¯bpw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶p. ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm- ¶p. kXy`mj-W-\n-Ýbw CXnsâ CS-Xp-]-£hpw BIp-
hnsâ bmsXm¶v kzcq-]-`q-X-am-bn-cn-¡p¶ ]c-am-\-µ-am-bn-cn- ¶p. [ym\-Zzmcm ]c-am-ßm-hp-ambn kwbp-à-am-IpI Xs¶
¡p-¶pthm Ahn-Sw-hsc a\- Êpw, hmWn BZn-bm-bpÅ C{µn- hnÚm-\-ab ico- c- ¯nsâ a[y- `m- K- hpw. ""alÊv'' F¶ \ma-
b-§-fpsS kap-Zmb cq]-am-Ip¶ at\m-ab ico-c¯ - n\v ¯n {]kn-²-amb ]c-am-ßmhv hmepw B[m-chpw BIp-
F¯n-t¨-cp-hm³ Ign-bp-¶n-Ã. F¶m {_Òs¯ {]m]n- ¶p. F´p-sIm- s­-¶m ]c- am- ßm-hp- Xs¶ Pohm- ßm-hnsâ
¡p-¶- Xn\v km[-\-b-\p-jvTn-¡p¶ a\p-jy\v CXv {_Ò-t¯m- ]c-a-amb B{i-b-am-Ip-¶p.
S-Sp-¡p-¶-Xn\p {]tXyIw klm-bI - a
- m-Ip-¶p. Cu a\-Êpw, C\n-bpÅ a{´-§-fn Cu hnÚm-\m-ßm-hnsâ aln-
hmWn apX-em-bh km[-\m-]c - m-b-W-]p-cp-js\ B ]c-{_- asb hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
Ò-¯nsâ hmXnÂhsc F¯n-¡p-Ibpw AXn-s\-A-hnsS
hn«n«v kzbw aS-§n-hc - n-Ibpw B km[-I³ At±-ls¯
{]m]n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. {_Ò-¯nsâ B\-µa - -b-kz-cq-
]©-am- \ p- h mIw
]s¯ Adn-ªn-«pÅ Úm\nIÄ Hcn-¡epw `b-`o-X-cm-Ip- hnÚ m\ w bÚ w X \ p- t X . IÀ ½ mW n
¶n-Ã. X\ptX]nN. hnÚm\w tZhmx kÀth. {_Ò
tPyjv T - a p- ] m- k - t X. hnÚm\w {_Ò tNtZz- Z .
at\m-ab ico-c¯ - nse A´-cym-an-bmb Bßmhpw
Xkvam-t¨¶ {]am-Zy-Xn. icotc ]m]vat\m lnXzm.
]qÀtÆm-à-amb A¶- c-k-a-b-i-co-c-¯n-tebpw {]mW-a-b-i-
kÀÆm³ Imam³ ka-iv\pX CXn. Xsskyj Gh
co-c-¯n-sebpw A´-cym-an-bmb Bßmhpw B ]c-am-ßm-
icoc Bßm bx ]qÀÆ-ky.
hp- X-s¶-bm- Ip-¶ p.
Cu a{´- ¯n hnÚm-\-ßm-hnsâ aln-am-hÀ®-\hpw
Xkv a mZzm GX- k v a m- · - t \m- a - b m- Z t\ym´c
{_Ò-cq-]t- ¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb AXnsâ D]m-k-\-bpsS ^ehpw
Bßm-h n-Ú m-\ -a-b-k vtX-ss\j ]qÀ®x k hm
]d-bp-¶p. hnÚm-\-cq-]a - mb AXm-bXv _p²n-tbm-Sp-IqSn
Gj ]pcpj hn[ Gh. Xky ]pcp-j-hn-[-b-Xm-a-
X{Zp-]-amb Pohm-ßm-hp-Xs¶ bÚ-¯nsâ ip`-IÀ½-cq-]-
\zbw ]pcp-j -hn-[ x. Xky {iss²h incx. EXw
amb ]pWy-§sf hnkvXr-X-am-¡p-¶Xpw At\ym-\y-eu-InI
Z£nWx ]£x. kXy-ap-¯cx ]£x. tbmK Bßm.
IÀ½-§sf A`n-hr-²n-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶Xpw BIp-¶p. AXm-bXv
alx ]pÑw {]Xn-jvTm. XZ-t]yj tÇmtIm `h-Xn.
Pohm-ßm-hn \n¶p-Xs¶ FÃm IÀ½-§Ä¡pw t{]c-W-
ChnsS hnÚm-\-a-b] - p-cp-jsâ AXm-bXv hnÚm-\- e- `n-¡p-¶p. FÃm C{µn- b-§fpw at\m-cq- ]-am-Ip¶ tZh-Xbpw
amb ico-c- ¯nsâ A[n-jvTm- Xm- hmb Pohm-ßm-hnsâ hÀ®- kÀÆ- t{i- jT v -amb {_Ò- cq-]-¯n Cu hnÚm\ ab Pohm-
\m-Ip-¶p. BZyw ]d-ªn-«pÅ at\m-ab ico-c-s¯- ¡mfpw ßm-hn-s\-¯s¶ tkh sN¿p-Ibpw AXm-Xp-I-fpsS {]hr-
CXp kq£va-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xp ImcWw CXnsâ DÅn ¯n-IÄ hgn-bmbn CXn\p kpJw F¯n-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡p-Ibpw
hkn-¡p¶ Bßmhv A\y-am-Ip-¶p. hnÚm-\-amb ]pcp- sN¿p-¶p. GsX-¦nepw km[-I³ Cu hnÚm-\c - q-]-amb
j³ AXm-Ip-¶p. Cu at\m-ab icocw ]qÀ®-am-bn-cn-¡p- Bßm-hn-s\-¯s¶ {_Ò-sa¶p [cn-¡p-Ibpw Cu [mc-W-
¶p. AXm-bXv Cu at\m-ab ico-c¯ - n AXp hym]vX- am- bn \n¶pw sX¶n amdm-Xncn¡pIbpw AXm-bXv B [mc-
bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv Cu at\m-ab ico-c¯ - n AXp W-bn sXäp-­m-Im-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw AYhm ico-cm-Zn-If - nÂ

N P
 128
I ØnX-am-bn-cn-¡p¶ GI-tZ-io-bhpw AXp-t]mse _²-kz-
cq-] -hp-amb {_Òs¯ sXän-² -c n-¡m-sX-bn-c n-¡p-Ibpw
sN¿p¶p F¦n Ah\v At\-I-P-·-§-fn-embn k¼m-Zn-
¨n-cn-¡p¶ ]m]-k-©-bc - q-]-amb ico-cs¯ Dt]-£n-¨n«v
FÃm Znhy-t`m- K-§-tfbpw A\p-`-hn-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p. B
hnÚm-\ - a - b -c q-] - ¯ n A´- c ym-a n-b - b m- b n- c n- ¡ p¶
Bßmhv BZyw ]d-ªn-«pÅ A¶-c-k-a-b-Øq-e-i-co-c-
¯nepw {]mW-a-bc - q-]-i-co-c-¯nepw at\m-ab cq] ico-c-
¯nepw ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ B ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c³ Xs¶-
bm-Ip-¶p.
XkvamZzm GX-k va m-Zzn-Ú m-\ -a-b m-Zt\ym´c
Bßm\µ-a-bx. tXss\j ]qÀ®x. khm Gj
]pcp-j-hn[ Gh. Xky ]pcp-j-hn-[-Xm-a-\zbw ]pcp-
j-hn-[x. Xky {]nb-t ah incx. tamtZm Z£nWx
]£x. {]tamZ D¯-cx-]-£x. B\µ Bßm. {_Ò
]pÑw {]Xn-jvTm. XZ-t]yj tÇmtIm `h-Xn.
ChnsS B\-µ-a-b\ - mb ]c-a-]p-cp-js\ hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-
¶p. BZymw-i-¯n ]d-ªn- cn- ¡p¶ hnÚm-\-a- b- Po-hm- ßm-
hn \n¶pw `n¶- ambn AXnsâ DÅn hkn-¡ p¶
thsdmcp Bßm-hp­v; B\-µ-a-b] - -c-am-ßmhv AXm-Ip-¶p.
AXn-t\m-Sp-IqSn Cu hnÚm\ ab-]p-cp-j³ hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-
¶p. AXm-bXv AXv CXn¯s¶ ]cn-]qÀ®-am- bn- cn- ¡p-¶p.
hmkvX-h-¯n At±-lw-Xs¶ kakvX ]pcp-j-·m-cnepw
D¯-a- \m-b- Xp- Im- cWw "]pcpj³' F¶ hm¡ns\ A\zÀ°-
am- ¡n-bn- cn-¡p-¶p. At±lw hnÚm-\-]p- cp-j-\p-Xpeyw BIm-
c-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h\pw BIp-¶p. B hnÚm\ ab ]pcp-j-
\n hym]vX- am-bXp ImcWw At±lw ]pcp-jm-Im-c\ - mbn
]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. ]£n-bpsS cq]-I-¯n B B\-µ-ab ]c-
ta-iz-csâ AwK-§-sf C{]-Imcw hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. {]nb-
`mhw At±-l-¯nsâ inc-Êm-Ip-¶p. B\-µ-a-b-\mb ]c-am-
ßmhv FÃm-hÀ¡pw {]nb-\m-Ip-¶p. FÃm Pohn-Ifpw B\-
µs¯ t{]an-¡p¶p; FÃm-hcpw B\µw B{K-ln-¡p-¶p.
F¶m Adn-ªp-Iq-Sm-¯Xp ImcWw {]m]n-¡p-hm³ Ign-
bp-¶n-Ã. Cu "{]nb-`mhw' B\-µ-a-b-\mb ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ
Hcp {][m-\mw-i-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m CXp-Xs¶ At±-l-
¯nsâ {][m-\mw-K-amb inc-Êm-Ip-¶p. tamZw he-t¯Xpw
{]tamZw CS-t¯Xpw Nnd-Ip-If - m-Ip-¶p. B\-µw-Xs¶ ]c-
amßmhnsâ a[ymw- Khpw AXp-t]mse {_Òw- Xs¶ CXnsâ
hmepw B[m-chpw BIp-¶p. ]c-am-ßmhp Ah-bh - c
- -ln-X-
\m-bXp ImcWw At±-l-¯nsâ cq]-t¯bpw AwK-§-
tfbpw bYmÀ°-cq-]-¯n hnh-cn-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶-X-
Ã. Cu {]I-c-W-¯n hnÚm-\-a-b-¯n-\À°w Pohm-ßm-
sh¶pw B\-µ-a-b-¯n-\À°w ]c-am-ßmsh¶pw AwKo-I-
cn-¡-Ww.
ASp¯ A\p-hm-I¯ - nse a{´-§Ä Cu B\-µ-a-b-]-
c-am-ßm-hnsâ hnj-bs¯ hÀ®n-¡p-¶-hb
- m-Ip-¶p.
N P
jjvTm-\ p- h mIw K
Akt¶h k `h-X n. AkZv {_tÒXn thZ
tNXv. AkvXn {_tÒXn tNtZz-Z. k´-ta\w XtXm
hnZp-cn-X n.
Cu a{´ - ¯ n {_Ò- ¯ nsâ k¯ sb am\n-
¡p¶XpsIm­pw am\n- ¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-sIm­pw Df- hm-
Ip¶ ^ew hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. GsX-¦nepw a\p-jy³ {_Òw
Ak-¯m-Ip-¶p, AXm-bXv {_lvatam Cuiz-ct\m CÃ
F¶p \nÝ-bn-¡p-I-bm-sW- ¦n Ah³ k¯m-c-ln-X-\mbn
`hn-¡p¶p; AXm-bXv tkzÑm-Nm-cn-bmbn kZm-Nm-c-¯nÂ
\n¶p {`jvS\pw \oN-{]-Ir-Xn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\p-am-bn-¯o-cp-
¶p. GsX-¦ nepw a\p- j y³ {_Ò- ¯ nsâ bYmÀ°
XXzs¯ {Kln-¡msX {_Ò-ap-s­¶p kwi-b-c-ln-X-ambn
hniz-kn-¡p-Ibpw AXm-bXv imkv{X-§-fnepw alm-Úm-\n-
I-fnepw ZrV-hn-izm-ka - p-ÅXp ImcWw Ahsâ lrZ-b-
¯n Cuiz-csâ k¯-bn-t·Â ]qÀ®-hn-izmkw D­m-
Ip-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. F¦n A§-s\-bpÅ a\p-jys\
Úm\n-bmbpw kXv]p-cp-j-\mbpw AwKo-I-cn- ¡p-¶p. F´p-
sIm-s­-¶m ]c-a m-ßm- hn-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ XXz-Úm-\-
¯nsâ BZy-]Sn At±-l-¯nsâ k¯-bn-epÅ hnizm-kw-
X-s¶- bm-Ip-¶p. ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ k¯-bn hniz-kn-¨p-sIm-
­n-cn-¡p-sa-¦n GsX-¦nepw Hcp kabw GsX-¦nepw alm-
]p-cp-jsâ Ir]-bm km[-\-bn apgpIn a\p-jy\v At±-
ls¯ {]m]n-¡p-hm³ Ignbp-¶p.
Xsskyj Gh imcoc Bßmx b ]qÀh-ky.
ChnsS ap³hÀ®-a-\p-k-cn¨v B\-µa - -bsâ A´-cm-
ßmhv kzbw B\-µ-a-b-s\¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. At±lw B
B\-µ-ab {_Ò-¯nsâ kzbw-i-co-c-hÀ¯n- bmb A´- cm-
ßm-hm-Ip-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m At±-l-¯n ico-c-
¯n\pw ssNX-\ y-¯ n\pw bmsXmcp hyXym-k -h p-anÃ
bmsXm¶v t\ct¯ ]d-ªn- cp¶ A¶-c- k-a- bmZn FÃm- ¯n-
tâbpw A´-c ym-a n-b mb ]c- a m-ß m-h m-b n-c n-¡ p-¶ pth
At±lw kzbw Xtâ-Xs¶ A´-cym-an-bm-Ip¶p; At±-l-
¯nsâ A´-c yman aäm-c p-a m-I p-¶ n-à . CXn-\ m aäp
bmsXm¶pw ]d- bmsX B hÀ®-\m- ]-c-¼-csb Chn- sS- ¯s¶
Ah- km-\n-¸n- ¡p-¶ p.
kw_Ôw þ apI-fn ]d-ª n-c n-¡ p¶ Awi-¯ nÂ
{_Òs¯ "AkXv' F¶pw "kXv' F¶pw am\n- ¡p- ¶- Xp- sIm-
­pÅ ^ew ]d-ªp-I-gn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p, AXns\ {ihn¨
Hmtcm a\p-jytâbpw a\-Ên bmsXmcp {]iv\w DZn-
¡p¶pthm B {]iv\s¯ \nÀ®-bn-¨n«v B {_Ò-¯nsâ
k¯-bpsS {]Xn-]m-Z\w \S-¯p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n {ipXn kzb-
am-bn-¯s¶ {]iv\w Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p.
AYmtXm\p {]iv\mx. DXm-hn-Zzm-\apw temIw
t{]Xy-I-Ý \ KÑ-Xo. Btlm hnZzm-\ apw temIw
t{]Xy-I -Ý n-Õ-a-i v\p-X m-D .
 129
I C\n ChnsS \n¶pw D]-tNm-Zy-§Ä Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p.
AXn BZy {]iv\w Fs´-¶m {_Òw Ds­¦nÂ
AXns\ Adn-bm¯ Bsc-¦nepw acn¨p ]c-tem-I-¯nÂ
t]mIp-¶pt­m CÃtbm? c­m-as¯ {]iv\w {_Òs¯
Adn-bp¶ GsX-¦nepw Úm\n ac-Wm-\´ - cw ]c-temIw
{]m]n-¡p-¶pt­m CÃtbm? B hnZzm-·mcpw {]m]n-¡p-¶n-
Ã. AXn-\m Cu aq¶m-as¯ {]iv\w hnZzm-·mÀ (Úm-\n-
IÄ) {_Òs¯ A\p-`h - n-¡p-¶pt­m CÃtbm? Ch-bpsS
adp- ]-Sn-bmbn {_Òs¯ krjvSn-bpsS Imc- W-ambn ]d-ªp-
sIm­v AXnsâ k¯-sb, BkvXn-Iy-s¯, hyà-am-¡p-
¶p. ]ns¶ "XXvkXyw CXym-N£ - -tX...' Cu hmIy-Zmcm
{ipXn kv]jvS-kz-cq-]-¯n At±- l-¯nsâ k¯sb {]Xn-
]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. Ggmw A\p-hm-Iy-¯n H¶p-IqSn kv]jvS-
amb hN-\§ - Ä e`n-¡p¶p þ "tIm tlyhm-\yX? Ix
{]mWymXv? btZj BImi B\t\m \ kymXv.' AXm-bXv
CXv BIm-i-a-b-\mb ]c-am-ßm-hm- bn-cn-¡p- ¶n-sÃ-¦n Bcp
Pohn- ¡p¶p? BÀ¡p {]hÀ¯n-¡p-hm³ Ignbp¶p? AXm-
bXv Pohn-I-fpsS {]mW\pw Ne-\hpw ]c-am-ßm-hns\ B{i-
bn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. c­m-as¯ {]iv\-¯n-\p-¯-c-ambn Ggmw
A\p-hm-Iy-¯n C¡mcyw hyàm-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p, a\p-
jy³ ]c-am-ßm-hns\ ]qÀ®-ambn Adn-bm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm
At±-ls¯ Aev]-X-am-{X-am- bn-t¸mepw kwi-bn-¡p-¶pthm
AXp-hsc Ah³ P\-\-a-c-W-§-fnÂ\n¶pw tamNn-¡-s¸-Sp-
¶n-Ã. aq¶m-as¯ {]iv\-¯n- \p-¯-c-ambn F«mw A\p-hm-
I-¯nsâ D]-kw-lm-c-¯n {ipXn kzbw ]d-bp¶p: þ "k
b Ghw hnXv... B\-µ-a-b-am-ßm-\-ap-]-kw-{Im-aXn' AXm-bXv
"bmsXm-cp-¯³ C{]-Imcw ]c-am-ßm-hns\ Adn-bp-¶p-thm
Ah³ {Ia-ambn A¶-a-bw, {]mW-abw BZn-bm-b-hsb
{]m]n-¨p-sIm­v Ah-km\w B\-µ-a-b-\mb ]ctaizcs\
{]m]n-¡p-¶p.'
kw_-Ô w þ Cu {]iv\-§-fpsS D¯-c-ambn {ipXn {_Ò-
¯nsâ kzcq-]hpw iànbpw hÀ®n-¨n«v BZys¯ A\p-
hm-I-¯n bmsXm¶v kwt£-]a - mbn krjvSn-bpsS DÛ-
{I-as¯ hnh-cn-¨pthm AXn-t\bpw hni-Z-ambn {Kln-¸n-¡p-
¶p.
tkmIma-b-X. _lp kymw {]Pm-tb-tb-Xn. k
X t]mX]y-X. k X]-kvXz]vXm CZw kÀh-a-kr-
PX bZnZw InwN. XXvkrjvSzm XtZ-hm-\p-{]m-hn-i-
Xv. XZ-\p-{]-hniy k¨ Xy¨m-`h
- Xv. \ncpàw Nm\n-
cp-à w. N. \ne-b\w Nm\n-e-b-\w N. hnÚm\w
Nmhn-Úm\w N. kXyw Nm\rXw N kXy-a-`h - -Xv.
bZnZw Iow N. XÕ-Xy-anXym N£-tX. XZ-t]yj
tÇmtIm `h-Xn.
Rm³ \m\m cq]- ¯ n P\n¨p hf- s c- b - [ n- I -
ambn¯ocpw F¶v Bcw-`-¯n ]c-{_-Ò-]-c- ta-iz-c³ hnNm-
cn- ¨n-cp-¶p. Cu hnNm- c-t¯m-Sp- IqSn At±lw X]-Êp-sN-bvXp.
AXm-bXv Pohn-If - psS IÀ½-a-\p-k-cn¨v krjvSn \S-¯-W-
sa¶pw k¦-ev]n-¨p. C{]-Imcw k¦-ev]n¨v C¡m-Wp-¶Xpw (B-\-µa
N P
tIÄ¡p-¶Xpw Bb FÃm PU-tN-X-\m-ab PK-¯ns\ K
krjvSn-¨p. AXm-bXv CXnsâ k¦-e] v -a-b-amb cq]w \nÀ½n-
¨p. AXn\ptijw kzbw AXn {]th-in- ¨p. X¶nÂ\n¶pw
D¸-¶-amb Cu PK-¯n B ]c-ta-iz-c³ apt¼-Xs¶
{]hn-jSv - \m-bn-cp-¶p. Cu PK¯v At±-l-¯n-sâ- Xs¶ kzcq-
]-am-bn-cp-¶-t¸mÄ AXn At±lw {]hn-jSv -am-I-W-am-bn-cp-
¶n-Ã. F¶n-cp-¶mepw PU-tN-X-\m-a-b-amb PK-¯n Bß-
kz-cq-]-¯m ]cn-]qÀ®-amb B ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-csâ
hnti-j-kz-cq]w þ At±-l-¯nsâ A´-cym-an-bmb kzcq-]-
¯nsâ AS- bmfw þ kv]jvS-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n "Cu PK-
¯ns\ krjvSn-¨n«v At±lw AXn kzbw IpSn-sIm-
Åp¶p' F¶pÅ Imcyw ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. {]hn-jSv -am-b-Xn-
\p-tijw At±lw aqÀ¯hpw AaqÀ¯-hp-amb cq]-¯nÂ
AXm-bXv ImW-s¸-Sp¶ ]rYzn, Pew, tXPÊv F¶o `qX-
§-fpsS cq]- ¯nepw AXp-t]mse hmbp, BImiw C§s\
ImW-s¸-Sm¯ `qX-§-fpsS cq]-¯nepw {]Xy-£-s¸-«p.
]n¶oSp hÀ®n-¡-s¸-Sp-hm³ Ign-bp¶ hn[-¯nepw hÀ®n-
¡-s¸- Sp-hm³ Ign-bm-¯-hn-[-¯nepw hnhn[ hkvXp-¡-fmbn
cq]m-´-c-s¸-«p. CXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ B{ibw \evIp-¶Xpw
\ÂI-s¸-Sm-¯-Xp-ambn þ tNX-\bpw PUhpw þ C§s\
FÃm cq]-¯nepw GI- \mb kXy- kz-cq] ]c- ta- iz-c³ Xs¶
]e \ma-§-tfbpw cq]-§-tfbpw kzoI-cn¨p {]Xy-£-am-bn.
B GI-\mb ]c-am-ßm-hp-Xs¶ \·bpw Xn·bpw Bb
FÃm cq]-¯n- ep-am-bn-¯oÀ¶p. AXp-Im-cWw PvRm\n-IÄ
]d-bp¶p "Cu ImWp-Ibpw tIÄ¡p-Ibpw {Kln-¡p-Ibpw
sN¿p¶ FÃm-¯nepw kXy- kz-cq-]-\mb ]c- am-ßm-hp-Xs¶
ØnXn-sN-¿p¶p' F¶v.
k]vX - am-\ p- h mIw
AkZzm CZ-a{K Bko-Xv. XtXm ssh kZ-Pm-b-
X. XZm-ß m\w kzb-a-Ip-c p-X . Xkvam-¯-Õp-Ir-X -
ap-NyX CXn.
kq£va-Øq-e-cq]§fn {]I-S-am-Ip-¶-Xn\p ap¼v Cu
PU-tN-X-\m-a-ba
- mb PK¯v AkXv AXm-bXv Ahy-à-cq-
]-¯n Bbn-cp-¶p, B Ahy-àm-h-Ø -bn \n¶p-Xs¶
kXv AXm-bXv \ma-cq-]a - -bhpw PU-tN-X-\m-ß-Ih
- p-amb
{]Xy£ PK¯v DÛ- hn- ¨p. ]c-am- ßmhv Xs¶-¯s¶ kzbw
Cu PU-tN-X-\m-ß-Ia - mb PK-¯nsâ cq]-¯n B¡n-bn-
cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m At±-l¯ - nsâ \maw "kpIrXw' (X-
¶-¯ms\ D­m-b-Xv) F¶m-bn-¯oÀ¶p.
bssZz XÕp-IrXw ctkm ssh kx. ckw-tl-
hmbw e_v[zm\µo `h-Xn. tIm tlyhm-\ym-ßIx
{]mWymZv btZj BImi B\tµm \ kymXv. Gj
tly hm\-µb- m-Xn.
ap³]-dª hÀ®-\-¯n "kpIrX' \ma-¯n ]d-b-
s¸« B ]c- {_Ò ]c- am-ßmhv hmkvX- h- ¯n ck-kz- cq]³
- -b³) BIp-¶p. Ct±-lw-Xs¶ hmkvX-hn-I-amb
 130

I B\µw BIp-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m A\m-Zn-Imew hn ]qÀ®-ØnXn {]m]n-¡m¯ kabw hsc, `K-hms\ K
apXÂ P\-\-a-c-W-§-fm-Ip¶ tLmc-Zpx-J-§sf A\p-`-hn-¨p- \nc-´cw kvacn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-hsc Cu ]p\ÀÖ-·-`bw
h-cp¶ Cu Pohm-ßmhv Cu ck-ab {_Òs¯ {]m]n-¨p- þ P\-\-a-c-W-`bw þ FÃm-hÀ¡p-ap-­m-Ipw. Hcp-h³ henb
Xs¶ B\- µ-bp-à-am-bn- ¯o-cp-¶p. Cu ]c-am-\-\-µ- a-b-\mb hnZzmt\m imkv{X-Út\m kzbw henb Úm\nsbm
]c-ta- iz-c-t\mSv CXnsâ kwtbmKw \S-¡m-Xn- cn-¡p- ¶- Xp-hsc ]WvUn-Xt\m BIp-¶n-Ã. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m B ]c-ta-
CXn\p bmsXmcp hn[-¯nepw ]qÀ®m-\-µw, \nXym-\-µw, iz-c³ FÃm-h-cpsS taepw `cWw \S-¯p¶p; At±-l-
AJ-WvUm-\-µw, A\-´m-\µw Ch {]m]n-¡p-hm³ km[n- ¯nsâ `c-W-i-àn-sIm­p temI-¯nse FÃm hyh-Ø-
¡p-¶n- Ã. CXp-sIm-­p-Xs¶ B hmkvX-hnI B\-µ- kz-cq] Ifpw \nb-an-X-cq-]¯
- n Nen-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p.
]c-am-ßm-hnsâ AkvXn-Xzs¯ ktµ-lc - -ln-X-ambn {Kln-
¡p-hm³ Ign-bp¶p; F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m Ct±lw BIm-
AjvT-am-\ p-h mIw
i-t¯-t¸mse hym]-I- \mb B\-µ-]-c-a m-ßm-hm-Ip-¶n-sÃ-
¦n BÀ¡v Pohn-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp¶p; GXp {]mW\p Nen- kw_Ôw þ Ignª A\p-hm-I-¯n ]d-ªn-«pÅ a{´-
¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p. am{X-aà AJn-e-¯ntâbpw PohnXw §-fpsS e£ys¯ DtÃ- J\w sN¿p-¶p.
\nÀÆ-ln-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ FÃm hyh-Ø Ifpw sNbvXn-cn-¡p- `ojm-k vam-ZzmXx ]h-t X. `otjm-t ZXn kqcyx
¶Xv At±lw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. IqSm-sX, Cu PK-¯nsâ `ojm- k v am-Z -á n-t Ý- {µ-Ý . arXypÀ[m- h Xn ]©a
FÃm `uXn-I-{In-b-Ifpw \nb-an-Xhpw hyh-Øn-X-hp-amb CXn.
coXn- bn \S-¡p- ¶Xv F§s\ km[n- ¡p¶p? AXn- \m a\p-
jyÀ CXv ZrV-X- tbm-Sp-IqSn hniz-kn-¡-Ww. Cu PK-¯n\v Cu ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c-t\m-SpÅ `bw-sIm­p ]h-\³
{kjvSmhpw c£n-Xm-hp-ambn ]c-{_-Ò] - -c-ta-iz-c³ \nÝb- \nb-a m-\p-k-cWw Nen-¡p-¶p. At±-l-t¯m-SpÅ `bw-
ambpw thWw. AXp-t]mse ktµ-i-cl - n-X-ambn Cu ]c- sIm­p kqcy³ IrXy-k-a-b¯p DZn-¡p-Ibpw IrXy-ka - -
{_Ò ]c-am-ßmhv FÃm-hÀ¡pw B\µw {]Zm-\w-sN-¿p-¶p. b¯v AkvX-an-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AXp-t]mse At±-l-
B\- µ-kz-cq-]\pw GI-a m-{X-\p-amb ]c-am-ßm-hp-Å-t¸mÄ t¯m-SpÅ `bw-sIm­v Aán, C{µ³, A©m-as¯ arXyp
aämÀ¡v B\µw {]Zm\w sN¿p-hm³ Ignbpw? þ Ch-sbÃmw Ah-c-hc - psS Imcy-§Ä \nb-a-]qÀÆw kphy-
h-Øn-Xa - mbn sNbvXp-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. Ch-bp-sS-sbÃmw
bZm-tly-s shj GX- k va n-¶ Zrtiy\mtßy hyh-Ø-IÄ sN¿p-¶-Xmbn Ch-bvs¡Ãmw t{]c-I-ambn
\ncptà\ne-bt\`bw {]XnjvTmw hnµ-tX. AY Bsc¦nep-an-sÃ-¦n Cu PK-¯nsâ Imcy-§Ä F§s\
tkm`bw KtXm-`h - -Xn. \S-¡pw. Ch-sbÃmw krjvSn-¨-h\pw FÃm-t¯bpw bYm-
B ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-cs\ {]m]n-¡p- ¶-Xn-\-`n-e-jn-¡p-¶- tbmKyw \nb-aa\pk-cn¨v sh¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡ p-¶-h-\p-amb
hÀ Hcn-¡epw ImW-s¸-Sm-¯, hnh-cn-¡p-hm³ km²yaÃm- GtXm Hcp kXy-Úm-\m-\-µ-kz-cq-]-]-c-{_-Ò, ]c-am-ßmhv
¯, Bscbpw B{ibn-¡m-¯, ico-c-c-ln-X-\mb ]c-{_Ò \nÝ-b-ambpw Ds­¶pw At±-ls¯ a\p-jy\p \nÝ-b-
]c-am-ßm-hn \nÀ`b (A-hn-N-e) ØnXn-{]m-]n-¡p-¶p. B ambpw {]m]n-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-sa¶pw CXnÂ\n¶pw kv]jvS-
kabw Ah³ \nÀ`-b-]-Zs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Fs¶-t¶-¡p- am-Ip-¶p.
ambn `b-¯nÂ\n¶pw timI-¯n \n¶pw apà-cm-bn-¯o- kw_Ôw þ B\-µ-kz-cq-]-\mb B ]c-{_-Ò] - -c-am-ßm-
cp-¶p. hnsâ Cu B\µw F{X-bp-­v, F§-s\-bp­v? Cu B{K-
bZm tlysshj GX-kvan-¶p-Z-c-a-´cw Ipcp-tX. l-\n-hr-¯n¡v B\-µh
- n-j-b-Ia
- mb Nn´ Bcw-`n-¡p¶p þ
AY Xky `bw `h-Xn. Xt¯zh `bw hnZptjm sskjm\µky aoamwkm `hXn. bphm
a\zm-\-ky. XZ-t]yj tÇmtIm `h-Xn. kymÕm-[ p-bp-hm-[ ym-b I BinjvtTm {ZVnjv tTm
Cu Pohm-ßmhv B ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hn \n¶pw _en-j v T-k vX -tkybw ]rYnho kÀhm hn¯ky
Aev]-amb A´-c-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Ft¸mÄ apX hkn-¡p- ]qÀ®m kymXv. k GtIm-am-\pj B\-µx.
¶pthm AXm-bXv At±-l-¯n ]qÀ®-ØnXn {]m]n-¡m- Cu hÀ®-\-bn B B\-µ¯ - nsâ NÀ¨-bm-cw-`n-¡p-
Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw At±-ls¯ \nc-´cw kvacn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p- ¶-Xn-\pÅ kqN\ \ÂIn-bn«v kÀÆ-{]-Y-a-ambn a\p-jy-tem-
Ibpw At±-ls¯ Aev]-t\-c-t¯-bv¡p-am-{X-sa-¦nepw ad- I-¯nsâ t`mK-§-fnÂ\n¶pw e`n-¡p-hm³ km²y-X-bpÅ
¶p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm AXp-hsc Ahs\ kw_- Gähpw D¶-X-amb B\-µs¯ hn`mh\w sN¿p-¶p. Hcp
Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw `bw AXm-bXv Ahsâ ]p\ÀP·w XoÀ¨- bphm-h mb a\p-jy³, AXpw A-§-s \-bn-§-s\-b pÅ
bmbpw D­m-Ipw. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m Ah³ ]c-am-ßm- km[m-cW bphm-hm-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. þ kZm-Nm-cnbpw kÂkz-`m-
hn ØnX-\m-Im-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw Ah³ `K-hms\ ad¶p hnbpw D¶-X-Ip-e¯
- ne P\n-¨h - \- p-am-bn-cn-¡-s«, Ah³
Pohn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-t¼mÄ Ahsâ acWw kw`-hn-¡p-I- FÃm thZ-§-fp-tSbpw hnZy e`n-¨n-«p-Å-h\pw AXp-t]mse
bm-sW-¦n ]ns¶ Ahsâ A´n-a-kw-kvIm-ca - -\p-k-cn- in£-W-¯n þ {_Ò-Nm-cn- IÄ¡v D]-tZiw \ÂIp-¶- XnÂ
¨pÅ P\\w D­m-Ip-sa-¶p-ÅXp \nÝ-b-am-W.v ]c-am-ßm- þ Ipi-e\pw Bbn-cn-¡-s«, Ah-sâ FÃm AwK-§fpw
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 131

I C\v{Zn-b-§fpw tcmK-c-ln-X-§fpw Ign-hp-äXpw kpZr-Vhpw cp-¯\v AXnsâ Bh-iy-I-X-bn-Ãm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm B K

FÃm {]Im- ¯nepw iàn- k-¼-¶-hp-am-bn- cn- ¡- s«. ]ns¶ [\- t{im{Xn-b\v þ thZ-c-lkyw {Kln-¨n-«pÅ hnc-à\v þ B
k-¼-¯m \nd-bs - ¸« Cu ]qÀ®-amb PK¯v Ahsâ B\µw kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw e`n-¡p-¶p.
A[o-\-¯n- em-hp-Ibpw BsW-¦n B a\p-jysâ kpJw
tX tb iXw ]nXrWmw Nnc-tem-I-tem-I m\m
Gähpw hep-Xm-Ip-¶p. CXp am\-h-tem-I-¯nsâ Gähpw
am\-µmx. k GI B Pm\-Pm\mw tZhm-\m-am-\-µx.
henb B\-µa - m-Ip-¶p.
t{im{Xnb ky NmIm-a-l-X-ky.
tX tb iXw am\pjm B\-µ mx. k GtIm
Cu hÀ®-\-bn Nnc-Øm-bn-bmb temI-¯n hkn-
a\pjy KÔÀÆm-Wm-am-\-µ x. t{im{Xn-bky NmIm-
¡p¶ Znhy-·m-cmb ]nXr-¡-fpsS B\-µs¯ At]-£n¨v
a-l -X -k y.
"BPm-\P' F¶ t]cn- e- dn- b-s¸- Sp¶ tZh- ·m- cpsS B\- µs¯
a\pjy tbm\n-bn D¯-a-IÀ½- §-f-\p-jT v n¨v KÔÀÆ- \qdn-c-«n-bmbn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. apI-fn hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p¶
`m-hs¯ {]m]n-¨-hs\ ""a\p- jy-K-ÔÀƳ'' F¶p ]d- bp-¶p. Nnc-Øm-bn-bmb temI-¯n hkn-¡p¶ ]nXr-¡-fpsS
ChnsS Chsâ B\µw apI-fn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶ a\p- B\µw \qsd®w H¶n-¨p- Iq-Sp¶ A{Xbpw "BPm-\P' F¶
jysâ B\-µt- ¯-¡ mÄ \qdn-c-«n-sb¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. tZh-·m-cpsS B\-µ-¯n\v hnIm-k-ap-­m-Ip-¶p. tZh-tem-I-
bmsXmcp a\p-jy-kw-_- Ôn-bmb B\-µs¯ BZyw hÀ®n- ¯se Hcp {]tXyI Øm\-¯nsâ \ma-amWv "BPm-\-P.'
¨pthm A§s\ Hcp \qsd®w H¶n¨p IqSp¶ Iq«s¯ Ahn-Sps¯ tZh-IÄ kvarXn-I-fn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-
a\p- jy-K-ÔÀÆsâ B\- µ- t¯mSv Xpey-s¸- Sp-¯mw. F¶m ¡p¶ GtXm ]pWy-IÀ½-§Ä ImcWw AhnsS krjvSn-
BZyw ]dª a\p-jy-tem-I¯ - nsâ t`mK-§Ä apX ¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. Ahsc BPm-\-P-·mÀ F¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
KÔÀÆ-tem-I-¯nsâ t`mK-§Ä hsc-bpÅ Zpjn¨ B{K- bmsXm-cp-¯³ Cu temIw-h-sc- bpÅ t`mK§fn Bk-
l-§-fnÂ\n¶p hnc-à-amWv t{im{Xn-b³ AYhm thZ- à-\m-Im-sX-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXm-bXv bmsXm-cp-¯³ Cu
Ú³. B t{im{Xn-b\v þ thZ-Ú-]p-cp-j-\,v kzm`m-hn-Ia - m- B\-µs¯ XpÑ-am-bn-¡-cpXn AXn-t\mSv hnc-à-\m-bn-cn-¡p-
bn-¯s¶ B\µw e`n-¡p-¶p. ¶pthm B thZ-Úm-\n-bmb hnc-às\ kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-
t¯mfw B B\µw kz`m-h-kn-²-am-Ip-¶p.
tX tb iXw a\p-jy-K-ÔÀhm-Wm-am-\-µmx. k
GtIm tZh- K - Ô Àhm- W m- a m- \ µx t{im{Xn- b ky tX tb iX-am-Pm-\-Pm\mw tZhmx \mam-\-µmx.
NmIm-a-l -X -ky. k GI IÀ½ tZhm\mw tZhm- \ m- a m- \ - µ x. tb
IÀ½Wm tZhm-\-]n-b-´n. t{im-{Xn-bky NmIm-a-l-
Cu hÀ®- \ - b n BZyw ]d- ª n- « pÅ a\pjy
X-k y.
KÔÀÆs\ At]-£n¨v tZh-K-ÔÀÆsâ B\-µs¯ \qdn-
c«n F¶p ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. bmsXmcp a\p-jy-K-ÔÀÆsâ Cu hÀ®-\-bn BPm-\-P-tZ-h-·m-cpsS B\-µt- ¯-
B\-µs¯ apI-fn hÀ®n-¨ n-c n-¡p-¶pthm A§s\ ¡mÄ IÀ½-tZ-h-XIfpsS B\-µs¯ \qdn-c- «n-bmbn ]d-ªn-
\qsd®w H¶n-¨p-Iq-Sp¶ B\-µ-¯n\p Xpey-amWv krjvSn- cn- ¡p-¶p. apIfn hÀ®n-¨n- cn-¡p¶ BPm-\-P-tZ-h-XIfpsS
bpsS Bcw`w apXepÅ tZh-Pm-Xob KÔÀÆ-cq-]¯ - n B\-µ-s¯-¡mÄ \qdn-c«n aln-at- bm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-XmWv thtZm-
P\n-¨n-«pÅ Hcp Pohn-¡p-Å-Xv. AXp-t]mse bmsXmcp a\p- à-§-fmb IÀ½- §Ä hgn a\p-jy-tbm-\n-bn \n¶pw tZh-
jy³ Cu B\-µm- `n- em- j-¯m tamln- X-\m-bn- cn- ¡p- ¶pthm `mhw {]m]n- ¨n-«pÅ B IÀ½- tZ-h- XIfpsS B\-µw. bmsXm-
AXm-bXv bmsXm-cp-¯\v CXnsâ Bhiyw CÃm-Xn-cn-¡p- cp-¯³ B IÀ½- tZ-h-X-I-Ä hsc-bpÅ B\-µs¯ A`n-e-
¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯³ thZ-§- fnse D]-tZ-i-§sf lrZ- bw- jn-¡m-sX-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXm-bXv bmsXm-cp-¯\v tZh-
K- a-ambn kzoI- cn-¨n-cn-¡p- ¶pthm A§-s\- bpÅ hnZzm\v Cu temIw hsc-bpÅ t`mK-§Ä Bhiyan-Ãm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm
B\µw kzm`m-hn-I-ambn e`n-¡p-¶p. thZ-c-l-kys¯ {Kln-¨n-«pÅ B hnc-à-]p-cp-js\ kw_-
Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw B B\µw P·-kn-²-am-Ip-¶p.
tX tb iXw tZh-K-ÔÀÆm-Wm-am-\µmx k GIx
]nXrWmw Nnc-tem-I-tem-Im-\m-am-\-µx. t{im{Xn-bky tX tb iXw IÀ½-tZ-h\mw tZhm-\ m-am-\-µ mx.
NmIm-a-l -X -ky. k GtIm tZh-\m-am-\-µx. t{im{Xn-bky NmIm-a-l-
X-k y.
Cu hÀ®-\-bn tZh-K-ÔÀÆ-·m-cpsS B\-µs¯
At]-£ n¨p Nnc-Øm-bn-bmb ]nXr-tem-Is¯ {]m]n¨p Cu hÀ®-\-bn IÀ½- tZ-hs\ At]-£n¨v krjvSn-Im-
Znhy-·m- cmb ]nXr-¡-fpsS B\-µs¯ \qdn- c- «n-bmbn ]d-ªn- e-¯ n Ømbo-`m-ht- ¯m-Sp-IqSn krjvSn-¡-s¸-«n-«p-Å-h-
cn-¡p-¶p. apI-fn hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p¶ tZh-K-ÔÀÆ-·m-cpsS cpsS, kzm`m-hn-I-amb tZh`mh-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-cp-sS, B\-
B\-µ-¯nsâ \qdn-c-«n-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Nnc-Øm-bn-bmb µs¯ \qdn-c- «n-bmbn ]d- bp-¶p. apIfn hÀ®n-¡- s¸-«n«pÅ
]nXr-tem-I-¯se Znhy-·m-cmb ]nXr-¡-fpsS B\-µ-¯nsâ IÀ½-tZ-h-·m-cpsS B\-µ-t¯-¡mÄ \qdp-aS§mWv kz`m-h-
cq]w. AXp-t]mse bmsXm-cp-¯³ B temI-¯nsâ A`n- kn-²-cmb tZh-X-If - psS B\-µw. bmsXm-cp-¯³ kz`mh
em- j-¯m tamln-X-\m- Im-Xn-cn-¡p- ¶pthm AXm-bXv bmsXm- kn²-cmb tZh-XIfpsS t`mKm-\-µs¯ B{K- ln-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-

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I ¶pthm AXm-bXv bmsXm-cp-¯³ AXn-s\bpw teiw- K

Gä-hp-am-Zy-am-bp-Û-hn¨ lnc-Wy-KÀ`-{_-Òm-hnsâ Hcm-\-µw.
t]mepw A`n-e-jn- ¡m- Xn-cn- ¡p-¶p- thm, thZ- c- l- kys¯ {Kln- AXp-t]mse bmsXmcp a\p-jy³ B {_Òm-hnsâ ]Z-
¨n- «pÅ B \njv¡ma hnc-às\ kw_-Ôn- ¨n-S-t¯mfw B ¯nÂ\n¶pw e`y-am-Im-hp¶ t`mK-kp-J-§-fpsS B{K-l-an-
B\µw P·-kn-²-am-Ip¶p. Ãm- ¯- h- \m-bn- cn-¡p- ¶pthm bmsXm- cp-¯³ Ah A\n-Xyhpw
XpÑhpw F¶p IcpXn AXn-t\mSp hnc-à-\m-bn-¯o-cp-
tX tb iXw tZhm-\ m-am-\-µmx. k GI C{µ-
¶pthm bmsXm- cp-¯\v ]c-am- \-µ- kz-cq-]-\mb ]c-{_- Òs¯
kym-\-µx. t{im{Xn-bky NmIm-a-l-X -ky.
{]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn\v DXv¡-S-amb A`nemjw D­m-Ip-¶pthm
Cu hÀ®-\-bn ap³]-dª kz`mh kn²-cmb tZh- thZ-c-l-kys¯ {Kln-¨n-«pÅ B hnc-à-]p-cp-j\v B
X-I-fpsS B\-µ¯ - nsâ \qdn-c«- n-bmWv C{µsâ B\µw B\µw kzXx-kn-²-am-Wv.
F¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. apI-fn hnh-cn-¨n-cn-¡p¶ tZh-X-I-
C{]-Imcw H¶n-\p-ta asäm-¶m-bn-«pÅ B\-µ-¯nsâ
fpsS B\µw A§s\ \qsd®w H¶n-¨p-Iq-Sn-bm DÅn-S-
B[n-Iys¯ hÀ®n¨p hÀ®n¨v Gähpw D]-cn-bmb lnc-
t¯m-f-amWv C{µ-`m-hs¯ {]m]n-¨n-«pÅ tZh-X-I-fpsS Hcm-
Wy-KÀ`-¯nsâ B\-µs¯ hnh-cn-¨p-sIm­v Cu temI-
\-µw. bmsXm-cp-¯³ Cu C{µ-t`m-Km-\-µs¯ B{K-ln-¡m-
¯n GsXÃmw B\-µ-§Ä ZÀin-¡p-¶-Xn\pw {ihn-¡p-
Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXm-bXv bmsXm-cp-¯³ Cu C{µ-kp-J-
¶-Xn\pw Bkz-Zn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-am-bn-«pt­m Ah F{X-am{Xw
t¯-t¸mepw Imw£n- ¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶p-thmþ AXns\ XpÑ-am-
ta·-tb-dn-b-Xm-bn-cn-¡-s«, Ah-sb-Ãmw-X-s¶, B ]qÀ®m-\-
bn-¡-cpXn AXn-t\mSv hnc-à-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶pthm þ thZ-c-
µ- kz- cq- ]-\mb ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ B\- µ-t¯mSp Xpe\w sN¿p-
l-kys¯ {Kln-¨n-«pÅ B \njvIm-a-]p-cp-j\ - m-Is« B
t¼mÄ tIhew XpÑ-am-sW¶ `mhw kv]jvS-am-Ip-¶p.
B\µw kzXx-kn-²-am-Wv.
kb- Ý mbw ]pcptj bÝm- k m- h m- Z ntXy k
tX tb iX-an-{µ-kym-\ -µ mx. k GtIm _rl-
GIx. k b Ghw hnZ-kvam-tÃ-mIm-Xvt{]-Xy. GX-a-
kv]-tX-cm-\-µ x. t{im{Xn-bky NmIm-a-l-Xk
- y.
¶-a-b-am-ßm-\-ap-]-kw-{Im-a-Xn. GXw {]mW-a-b-amXv
Cu hÀ®-\-bn C{µsâ B\-µs - ¯-¡mÄ \qdn-c«- n- am\-ap-]-kw-{Im-a-Xn. GXw at\m-a-b-am-ßm-\-ap-]-kw-
bmWp _rl-kv]-Xn-bpsS B\µw F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. apI- {Im-a-X n. GXw hnÚm-\ -a-b-am-ß m-\-ap-]-kw-{Im-a-
fn hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p¶ C{µsâ B\µw \qsd®w H¶n¨p- Xn. GX-am-\-µ-a-b-am-ßm-\-ap-]-kw-{Im-a-Xn. XZ-t]yj
Iq-Sp-¶-Xn\p Xpey-amWv _rl-k] v -Xn-bpsS ]Z-hnsb {]m]n- tÇmtIm `h-Xn.
¨n-«pÅ tZh-X-bpsS B\-µw. F¶m bmsXmcp a\p-jy³
apI-fn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶ FÃm B\-µ-§-fp-tSbpw GI-
_rl-kv]-Xn-bpsS t`mKm-\µ - -t¯bpw CÑn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-
am{Xm tI{µw ]c-am-\-µ-kz-cq-]-\mb ]c-{_-Ò] - -c-am-ßm-hp-
¶pthm B t`mKm-\- µ-t¯bpw A\n-Xy-am- b-Xp-Im-cWw XpÑ-
X-s¶. AJn-e-¯n-sâbpw A´-cym-an-bm-bn-cn-¡p¶ a\p-jy-
am-bn-¡-cpXn AXn-t\mSp hnc-à-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶pthm thZ-c-
cn ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ ]c-am-ßm-hp-Xs¶ kqcy-\nepw ØnXn-
l-kys¯ {Kln-¨n-cn-¡p¶ B \njv¡m-a-a-\p-jy\v B
sN-¿p-¶p. At±lw FÃm-¯ n-tâbpw A´-cym-an-b mb
B\µw P·- {]m-]vX-am-W.v
GI³ Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ C{]-Imcw {Kln-¨n-
tX tb iXw _rl-k v]-tX-cm-\-µ mx. k GIx cn-¡p-¶pthm ac-Wm-\-´cw Ah³ Cu a\p-jy-i- cocw Dt]-
{]Pm-]-tX-cm-\-µx. t{im{Xn-bky NmIm-a-l-X-ky. £n¨v ap³hÀ®n-¨n-«pÅ A¶-a-b, {]mW-a-b, at\m-a-b,
Cu hÀ®-\-bn _rl-k] v -Xn-bpsS B\-µ-t¯-¡mÄ hnÚm-\-a-b, B\-µa - -ba
- mb Bßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
\qdn-c«n hep-XmWv {]Pm-]- Xn-bpsS B\µw F¶p ]d- bp-¶p. AXm-bXv Ch-b©pw GXm-ßmhpw BcpsS kzcq-]-hp-am-
apI-fn hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p¶ _rl-kv]-Xn-bpsS B\-µ-t¯- Ip- ¶pthm þ B ]c-{_-Ò-]- c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p¶p F¶p
t¸mse \qsd®w H¶n¨p IqSp-¶-Xn\p Xpey-amWp {]Pm-]- Xmev]-cyw. BZy-ambn Cu A©n-t\bpw hÀ®n¨ kabw
Xn-bpsS Øm\-s¯- ¯p¶ tZh-X-bpsS B\-µw. F¶m AJn-e¯ - n-tâbpw ico-cm-´ÀhÀ¯n-bmb Bßmhv A´-
bmsXmcp a\p-jy³ Cu {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS B\-µs¯ B{K- cym-an-bmb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ ]d-ªn-cp-¶p. XÂ^-e-ambn At±-
ln-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXnÂ\n¶pw hnc-à-\m-bn-¡-gn-bp- l-¯nsâ {]m]vXn-bp-­m-Ip-¶p. At±lw Xs¶ {_Ò-am-
¶p-thm, thZ-c- l-kys¯ Adn-bp¶ B \njv¡m-a-a-\p-jy- Ip-¶p. CXp a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n ChnsS As©-®-
\m-Is« Cu B\µw kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw {]m]vX-am-Ip-¶p. t¯bpw {Ia-{]-Imcw {]m]n-t¡­ Imcyw ]d-ªn- cn- ¡p-¶p.
hmkvX-h- ¯n Cu {Ia-{]-Imcw {]m]n- ¡- W- sa¶p ]d- ªXv
tX tb iXw {]Pm-] -tX-c m-\ -µ mx. k GtIm icn-b-Ã. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m A¶-a-b-amb ico-c-s¯-bm-
{_ÒW B\µx t{im{Xn-bky NmIm-a-l-X-ky. Is« Ah³ t\c-t¯-Xs¶ {]m]n-¨pIgnªn-cn-¡p-¶p.
Cu hÀ®-\-bn {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS B\-µs - ¯-¡mfpw AXns\ Dt]-£n¨p t]mb-Xn-\p-tijw {]m]n-¡p¶ ^ew
lnc-Wy-KÀ`-{_-Òm-hnsâ B\-µs¯ \qdn-c-«n-bmbn hÀ®n- ]c-am-ßm-hp-X-s¶-bm-Ip¶p; ico-c-am-Ip-¶n- Ã. ChnsS A¶-
¡p-¶p. apI-fn hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p¶ {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS B\-µ- a-bm-Zn-I-fpsS A´-cym-an-bmb ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ {]m]vXn-sb-
t¯-¡mÄ \qdn-c«n hep-XmWv krjvSn-bpsS Bcw-`-¯n ¸-än-¯s¶ ]d-bp-¶p. Ah-sb-Ãm-¯nepw ]cn-]qÀ®\pw

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 133

I kÀÆ-kz-cq-]\pw AJn-e-¯n-tâbpw Bßmhpw ]c-am-\-µ- N. A¶w {]mWw N£px t{im{Xw at\m hmN-an- K
kz-cq-]hpw Bb ]c-{_-Òs¯ {]m]n-¡pI F¶p-Å-XmWv Xn. Xw tlmhm- N . btXm hm Cam\n `qXm\n
Cu ^e-{ip-Xn-bpsS Xmev]-cyw. ASp¯ A\p-hm-Z-I-¯n Pmbt´ tb\ PmXm\n Poh-´n. bXv {]b-´y-`n-
Cu hnjbw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p-¶p. kw-hn-i-´n. XZznPn Úmk-kz. XZv {_tÒ-Xn. k
Xt]mX]y-X. k X]-kvX-]vXzm.
\h-am-\ p-hmIw hcp-Wsâ ]p{X- \mbn `rKp F¶ \ma-t¯m- Sp-IqSn {]kn-
²-\mb Hcp alÀjn D­m-bn- cp-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ a\-ÊnÂ
btXm hmtNm \nhÀ¯t´ A{]m]y
]c-am-ß m-hns\ Adn-bp-¶-Xn\pw {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-apÅ
a\km kl.
D¡- S-amb A`n-emjw D­m-bn. At¸mÄ At±lw Xsâ
B\µw {_ÒtWm hnZzm³ \ ]nXm-hmb hcp-Wsâ ASp-¡Â sN¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ
_nt`Xn IpXÝt\-Xn. ]nXm-hmb hcp-W³ thZ-§sf {Kln-¨n-«p-Åh - \pw {_Ò- -
Cu a{´-¯n ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-am-ßm-hnsâ ]c-am-\-µ-kz- Úm- \ nbpamb alm- ]p- c p- j - \ m- b n- cp- ¶ p. AXn- \ m `rKp- hn\v
cq-]s¯ Adn-bp-¶-Xp-sIm-­p-­m-Ip¶ ^f- s¯- ¸än ]d-bp- asämcp BNm-cysâ ASp-¡Â t]mtI­ Bh-iy-an-Ãm-bn-
¶. a\-ÊpÄs¸sSbpÅ FÃm C{µn-b-§fpw AXns\ {]m]n- cp-¶p. hcp- Wsâ kao]w sN¶v `rKp C{]- Imcw {]mÀ°n¨p
¡msX Ahn-sS-\n¶pw aS-§n-h-cp-¶p. bmsXmcp {_Òm-\- þ "`K- h³, Rm³ {_Òs¯ Adn- bp-hm- \m-{K- ln-¡p¶p; BI-
µs¯ Adn-bp-¶-Xn\pÅ iàn Cu C{µn-b§ - Ä¡pw a\- bm Zbhp­mbn A§v {_Ò-XXzw Fs¶ {Kln-¸n-¨m-
Ên\pw CÃm-Xn-cn- ¡p-¶pthm B ]c- {_- Ò- ]- c-am- ßm- hnsâ B epw. At¸mÄ hcp-W³ `rKp-hn-t\mSp ]dªp þ "{]nbm
B\-µs¯ {Kln-¨n-«pÅ Úm\n-I-fmb alm-]p-cp-j-·mÀ A¶w, {]mW³, t\{Xw, t{im{Xw, a\-Êv, hmWn Ch- sbÃmw
Hcn-¡epw Btcbpw `b-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. AhÀ Ft¸mgpw \nÀ`- Xs¶ {_Ò-¯nsâ D]-e-_v[n-¡pÅ hmXn-ep-I-fm-Ip-¶p.
b- cm-bn- cn-¡p-¶p. Ch-sb-Ãm-¯nepw {_Ò-¯nsâ k¯ kv^pcn-¨p-sIm-­n-
cn-¡p-¶p. ""{]Xy-£-ambn ImW-s¸-Sp¶ FÃm Pohn-Ifpw
GXw l hmh \ X]-Xn. Inalw km[p \mI-c- bmsXm-cp-¯-\nÂ\n¶pw DÛ-hn-¨pthm DÛ-hn-¨n«v bmsXm-
hw. Inalw ]m]-a-I-c-h-a n-Xn. k b Ghw hnZzm- cp-¯sâ kl-tbm-K-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn, bmsXm-cp-¯sâ _ew
t\tX B ßm\w kv] rWp-tX. Dt` tlysshj {]m]n-¨p-sIm­v Pohn-¡p-¶p-hthm Poh-t\m-]-tbmK IÀ½-
GtX Bßm\w kv]rWp-tX. b Ghw thZ. CXyp- §Ä \S-¯p-¶-Xn kaÀ°-cm-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw alm-{]-f-b-
]-\n-j -X v. Im- e- ¯n bmsXm- cp-¯-\n hnebw {]m]n-¡p- Ibpw sN¿p-
Úm\nIfmb alm-]p-cp-j-·mÀ¡p bmsXmcp hn[-¯n- ¶pthm At±-ls¯ icn¡v Adn-bp-¶-Xn\v B{K-ln-¡q.''
ep-apÅ timI-§fpw D­m-Ip-¶n-söv Cu hÀ®-\-bn C{Xbpw IqSn ]d-ªp- sIm- Sp-¯p. ""At±lw Xs¶- bm-Ip¶p
hyà-am- ¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶ p. apI-fn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶-X -\p-k- {_Òw'' C{]-Imcw ]nXm-hnsâ D]-tZiw kzoI-cn-¨p-sIm­v
cn¨v ]c-am-ßm-hns\ Adn-ªn-cn-¡p¶ hnZzm-·mÀ þ Úm\n- `rKp-ap\n {_Ò- N-cy- t¯bpw ia-Z- amZn \nb-a-§-tfbpw ]men-
IÄ þ Hcn-¡epw Hcp {]Im-c-¯nepw ""F´p-sIm­p Rm³ ¨p-sIm­pw AXp-t]mse FÃm t`mK-kp-J-§-fnepw XymK-
t{ijvT IÀ½-§-f-\p-jvTn-¨n-Ã, AsÃ-¦n Rm³ ]m]- IÀ½w ]qÀÆ-I-amb kwb-a-t¯m-Sp-IqSn hkn-¨p-sIm­pw ]nXm-
F´n\p sNbvXp?'' F¶p Nn´n¨v ZpxJ-a-\p-`h - n-¡p-¶n-Ã. hnsâ D]-tZ- i- s¯-¸än Nn´n- ¨p. CXpXs¶bm- bn-cp- ¶p At±-
Ahsâ a\-Ên ]pWy-IÀ½-§-fpsS ^e-kz-cq-]-amb l-¯nsâ X]-Ê.v C{]-Imcw X]-a-\p-jT v n-¨n«v At±-l-sa-´p-
D¯- a-temI {]m]vXn-¡pÅ B{K- l-an-Ã. ]m]-P-\n- X-amb \c- sNbv Xp? C¡mcyw ASp¯ A\p- h m- I - ¯ n hnh-cn-¡p- ¶p.
I-s¯-¸-än-bpÅ `bhpw D]-{Z-hn-¡p-¶n-Ã. tem`-¯nÂ
\n¶pw `b-P-\n- X-amb k´m-]-¯nÂ\n¶pw Ah³ DbÀ¶p- ZznXo-b m-\ p- h mIw
\n¡p-¶p. ap³]dª Úm\n-IÄ Bk-àn-tbm-Sp-IqSn
sN¿p¶ ]pWyhpw ]m]hpw c­p {]Im-c-§-fn-ep-apÅ A¶w {_tÒXn hyPm-\m-Xv. A¶m-t²yh Jezn-
IÀ½-§sf P\-\-a- cW k´m-]-¯nsâ Imc-W- §Ä F¶p am\n `qXm\n Pmb-t´. At¶\ PmXm\n Poh-´n.
IcpXn cmK-tZz-j-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Ah-bnÂ\n¶pw XnI¨pw hn«- A¶w {]b-´y-`n-kw-hn-i-´o-Xn. XZzn-Úmb ]p\-
I¶p ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ Nn´-bn hym]r-X-cmbn hkn-¨p- tch hcpWw ]nX-c -ap-] -k -k m-c . A[o-l n-` -Kthm
sIm­v Bßm-hnsâ kwc-£Ww \nÀÆ-ln-¡p-¶p. {_tÒ-Xn. Xwtlm-hm-N. X]km {_Ò hnPn-Úm-
k-k z. Xt]m-{_-tÒ-X n. k Xt]mX]yX. kX]-
`rKp- h Ãn kv X- ]vXzm.
]nXm-hnsâ D]-tZiw A\p-k-cn¨v A¶wXs¶ {_Ò-
{]Y-am-\p-hmIw
sa¶v `rKp \nÝ-bn-¨p. F´p-s Im-s ­-¶ m ]nXmhp
`rKpÀssh hmcp-Wnx, hcpWw ]nX-c-ap-]-kk
- mc ]dª {_Ò-¯nsâ FÃm e£-W-§fpw A¶-¯nÂ
A[nln `Kthm {_tÒ-Xn. Xkvam GXXv t{]mhm- ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. FÃm Pohn- Ifpw A¶-¯n \n¶pw þ A¶-

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I ¯nsâ ]cn-Wma `qX-amb hocy-¯n \n¶pw þ DÛ-hn-¡p- A¶-{K-lWw \S-¡-s¸-Sm-Xn-cp-¶mÂ, AXp-t]mse A¶- K
¶p. A¶w-sIm-­p-Xs¶ Ah-bpsS PohnXw kpc-£n-X- ckw ico-c¯ - nsâ FÃm `mK-§-fnepw F¯n-t¨-cm-Xn-cp-
ambn \ne-\n¡p¶p; ac-Wm-\-´cw A¶-kz-cq-]-amb Cu ¶m bmsXmcp Pohn¡pw Pohn-¨n-cn-¡phm³ km[y-a-Ã.
]rYzn-bnÂXs¶ {]hn-jvS-am-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw \nÝ-bn-¨n«v ac-Wm-\-´cw FÃmw {]mW-\nÂXs¶ {]th-in- ¡p-¶p. arX-
At±lw ho­pw ]nXm-hmb hcp-Wsâ ASp-¡Â h¶p. i-co-c-¯Â {]mW³ \ne-\n¡p-¶n-sÃ-¶p-ÅXv {]Xy-£-
h¶n«p Xsâ \nÝ-b-a-\p-k-cn-¨p-Å-sXÃmw At±lw Adn- ambn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. AXn-\m {]mW³ Xs¶ {_Ò-sa-
bn-¨ p. ¶p-Å-Xn\v bmsXmcp kwi-b-hp-an-Ã. C{]-Imcw \nÝbw
sNbvXp-sIm­v At±lw ho­pw ]nXm-hnsâ ASp-¡Â
]nXm-hmb hcp-W³ bmsXmcp adp-]-Snbpw ]dªn-Ã.
sN¶p. t\c-t¯-bp-Å- Xp- t]m-se-Xs¶ Xsâ A\p- `h§sf
At±lw Nn´n¨p þ ""Ch³ Ct¸mÄ {_Ò-¯nsâ Øqe-
Adn-bn-¨p. ]nXmhv B ka-b¯pw bmsXmcp adp-]-Snbpw
cq-]s¯ am{Xw a\-Ên-em-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. hmkvX-hnI cq]w
sImSp-¯n-Ã. Ch³ ap³]n-e-t¯-¡mÄ Ipsd-¡qSn kq£va-
hsc Chsâ _p²n-sN-¶n-«n-Ã. AXn-\m Ch\v C\nbpw
X-bn-se-¯n-bn-cn-¡p¶p; F¶m C\nbpw hf-sc-b-[nIw
X]-Êp-sIm­v Ipsd-¡qSn Nn´n-t¡­ Bhiyw D­v.
{Kln-¡p-hm³ InS-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m adp-]Sn sImSp-¡m-Xn-
F¶m Ah³ Aev]sa¦nepw a\-Ên-em-¡n-bXp XpÑ-am-
cp-¶m Ahsâ PnÚm-kbv¡v H¶p-IqSn _e-ap-­m-Ipw.
¡n-¡m-Wn¨v Ahsâ _p²nsb \ncp-Õm-l-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶Xv
AXp-sIm­p adp-]Sn ]d-bm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶Xp icnbm-bn-cn-¡p-
DNn-X-am-bn-cn-¡-bn-Ã. AXn-\m CXn\p adp-]Sn ]d-bm-Xn-cn-
sa¶p At±lw hnNm-cn- ¨p. Xm³ ]dª Imcy-¯n\p ]nXm-
¡p-¶-Xm-bn-cn¡pw D¯-aw.'' ]nXm-hn-t\mSp Xm³ ]dª
hnÂ\n¶pw bmsXmcp adp-]-Snbpw e`n- ¡m-Xn-cp- ¶-Xp-Im- cWw
Imcyw AwKo- I-cn-¨p-sIm-­pÅ BÚ e`n- ¡m- ª-Xn-\mÂ
`rKp ho­pw At±-l-t¯m-S-t]-£n¨p þ "`K-h³, Ct¸mgpw
`rKp ho­pw A`yÀ°n¨p þ "`K-h³, Rm³ a\-Ên-em-¡n-
icn- bà Rm³ a\- Ên-em- ¡n-bsX¦n A§v Ir]-tbm-Sp- IqSn
bXp icn-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶n-sÃ-¦n A§v F\n¡v {_Ò-XXzw
F\n¡v {_Ò- XXzw D]- tZ- in-¨p- X- ¶m- epw.' At¸mÄ hcp-W³
icn-bmbn D]-tZ-in-¨p-X-cq.'' At¸mÄ hcp-W³ ]dªp "\o
ho­pw ]g-b-Xp-t]mse ]dªp þ ""\o X]-Êp-hg- n-bmbn
X]-Êp-h-gn-bmbn {_Ò-X-Xzs¯ {Kln-¡p-hm-³ ]cn-{i-an-¡q.
{_Òs¯ {Kln-¡p-¶-Xn\p ]cn-{i-an-¡q. Cu X]w Xs¶
Cu X]-Êp-Xs¶ {_Ò kzcq-]-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m CXv
{_Ò-am- Ip-¶p. AXm-bXv {_Ò- X- Xzs¯ {Kln- ¡p-¶-Xn- \pÅ
At±-l-¯nsâ t_m[w \ÂIp-¶-Xn kÀÆYm Ign-hp-Å-
{][m\ km[- \-b-Ip-¶p.'' C{]- Imcw ]nXm-hnsâ BÚ e`n-
Xm- bn-cn-¡p- ¶p.' C{]-Imcw ]nXm- hnsâ BÚ e`n-¨n«v `rKp-
¨n«v `rKp-a-lÀjn ho­pw AtX {]Im-c-¯nÂXs¶ X]-
a- lÀjn ho­pw BZy- t¯- t¸mse Xs¶ Xt]m-ab PohnXw
Êp-jvTn- ¨p- sIm­v ]nXm-hnsâ D]tZis¯-¸än Nn´n-¨p-sIm-
\bn-¨p-sIm­v ]nXm-hnÂ\n¶pw BZyw e`y-amb D]-tZiw
­n-cp-¶p. X]-Ê-\p-jT v n-¨n-sIm­v At±lw F´p-sNbvXp?
A\p-k-cn¨v {_Ò-kz-cq-]s¯ \nÝ-bn-¡p-¶-Xn\p Nn´n-¡p-
CXv ASp¯ A\p-hm-I-¯n ]d-bp-¶p.
hm³ XpS-§n. C{]-Imcw X]-Ê-\p-jvTn¨v At±lw F´p-
sNbvXp? C¡mcyw ASp¯ A\p-hm-I-¯n ]d-ªn- cn-¡p-
¶p. NXpÀYm-\ p-h mIw
at\m {_tÒXn hyPm- \ m-X v. a\tkm tlyh
XrXob A\p-hmIw Jezn am\n `qXm\n Pmb-t´. a\km PmXm\n Poh-
´n. a\x {]b´`nkwhni´o-Xn. XZzn-Úmb ]p\-
{]mtWm {_tÒXn hyPm-\m-X v. {]mtWm-t²yh
tch hcpw ]nXc ap]-k -km-c . A[oln `Kthm
Jezn-am\n `qXm\n Pmb-t´. {]mtW\ PmXm\n Poh-
{_tÒ-Xn. Xw tlmhm-N. X]km {_Ò hnPn-Úm-
´n. {]mWw {]b-´y-`n-kw-hn-i-´o-Xn. XZzn-Úmb
k-kz. Xt]m {_tÒ-Xn. k Xt]mX]y-X. k X]-
]p\- t ch hcWw ]nX- c - a p- ] - k - k m- c . A[oln
kv X- ]vXzm.
`Kthm {_tÒ-Xn. Xwtlm-hm-N. X]km {_Ò hnPn-
Úm-k-kz. Xt]m {_tÒ-Xn. k Xt]mX]y-X. k C¯-hW ]nXm-hnsâ D]-tZ-i-a-\p-k-cn¨v a\-Êp-X-s¶-
X]-k vX -] vX zm. bmWv {_Ò- sa¶p `rKp \nÝ-bn- ¨p. At±lw Nn´n- ¨p, ]nXm-
hn-\m ]d-b-s¸« {_Ò-¯nsâ FÃm e£-W-§fpw a\-
]nXm-hnsâ D]-tZ-im-\p-k-cWw `rKp X]-Êp-h-gn-bmbn
Ên ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. a\-ÊnÂ\n-¶p-Xs¶ FÃm Pohn-Ifpw
{]mW³Xs¶ {_Òw F¶p Xocp-am\w sNbvXp. At±lw
DÛ-hn-¡p-¶p. kv{Xobp-sSbpw ]pcp-j-sâbpw am\-kn-I-
Nn´n-¨p. ]nXm-hn-\m ]d-b-s¸« {_Ò-¯nsâ FÃm e£-
amb t{]a-]qÀ®-kw-tbm-K-¯n \n¶pw Pohn _oP-cq-]-
W-§fpw {]mW- \n ]qÀ®-ambn ImW- s¸-Sp- ¶p. FÃm Pohn-
t¯m-Sp-IqSn amXm-hnsâ KÀ`-¯nÂh¶v DÛ-hn-¡p-Ibpw
Ifpw {]mW-\n \n¶pw DÛ-hn-¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv Pohn-
DÛ-hn-¨n«v a\-tÊm-Sp-Iq-Sn-¯s¶ C{µn-b§
- Ähgn FÃm
¡p¶ Hcp {]mWn-bn \n¶pw AXn\p kZr-i-ambn asäm-
Pnhn-tXm-]-tbm-Kn-I-fmb hkvXp-¡sf D]t`mKw sNbvXp
¶p-Û- hn-¡p-¶Xv {]Xy-£- ambn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. AXp- t]mse
Pohn-¡p-Ibpw ac-Wm-\-´cw a\-Ên-te-bv¡p-Xs¶ {]th-in-
FÃmw {]mW-\mÂXs¶ Pohn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. izmk-
¡p-I bpw sN¿p-¶p. ac-W m-\ -´cw Cu icoc-¯ nÂ
¯nsâ t]m¡p-h-chp \n¶p-t]m-bmÂ, {]mW³ aqe-apÅ

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I {]mW\pw C{µn-b§- fpw \ne-\n¡p-¶n-Ã. AXn-\m a\- ßm-hp-Xs¶ {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw \nÝ-bn-¨-X n-\p- K
Êp-Xs¶ {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw \nÝ-bn-¨p-sIm­v tijw At±lw BZy-t¯-Xp-t]m-se-Xs¶ ]nXm-hmb hcp-
At±lw ho­pw ]g-Xp-t]mse ]nXm-hmb hcp-Wsâ ASp- Wsâ ASp-¡ Â sN¶p. At±lw Xsâ Xocp-am\w
¡Â sN¶v Xsâ A\p-`h§sf ]nXm-hns\ Adn-bn-¨p. ]nXmhns\ Adn-bn-¨p. C{]m-h-iyhpw hcp-W³ bmsXmcp
Cu {]mhiyhpw ]nXm-hnÂ\n¶pw bmsXmcp adp-]-Snbpw adp]-Snbpw ]dªn-Ã. At±lw Nn´n-¨p. C{]mhiyw Ch³
e`n-¨n-Ã. "Ch³ ap¼n-e-t¯-¡mÄ F{Xtbm Bg-¯n-te-¡n- hf- scb[nIw {_Ò- t¯m-S- Sp-¯n-cn-¡- ¶p. Chsâ Nn´-IÄ
d-§n-s¨-¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. F¶m C\nbpw Ch³ Iptd-¡qSn Øqehpw kq£vahpw Bb c­p-X-c-¯n-epÅ PU-X-Xz-
X]-Ê-\p-jT v n-¡-Ww. AXn-\m adp-]Sn ]d-bm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶Xp §-fnÂ\n¶pw DbÀ¶v tNX-\-Po-hm-ßmhn¦temfw F¯n-
Xs¶ DNn-X-am-bn-cn-¡pw.' F¶v hcp-W³ Nn´n-¨p. ]nXm- bn-cn-¡p-¶p. F¶m {_Ò kzcq-]-am-Is« CXn-s\-¡mÄ
hnÂ\n¶pw Xsâ Imcy-¯n\v bmsXmcp adp-]-Snbpw e`n¡m- Hs¡bpw t{ijvT-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. At±-l-am-Is« \nXym-\-µ-
¯-Xp-I m-cWw `rKp ho­pw ap¼n-e -t¯-t¸m-se-X s¶ kz-cq-]\pw AZzn- Xo-b\ - p-amb ]c-am-ßm-hm-Ip-¶p. Ch³
A`yÀ°n¨p þ ""`K-h³, Rm³ {Kln-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xp icn-bm- C\nbpw Iptd-¡qSn X]-Ê-\p-jvTn-t¡-­n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-
bn-cn-¡p-¶n-sÃ-¦n A§v, Ir]-bp-­mbn {_Ò-c-lkyw \m adp-]Sn ]d-bm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xmbncn¡pw icn.'' C{]-Imcw
F\n-¡p-]-tZ-in-¨p-X-¶m-epw.'' At¸mÄ hcp-W³ ho­pw XpSÀ¨-b mbn ]nXm-hnÂ\n¶pw bmsXmcp adp-]-Snbpw
AtX adp-]Sn Xs¶ ]dªp þ ""\o X]-Êp-hg- n-bmbn e`n¡m-Xn-cp-¶- Xp- Im- cWw `rKp lXm-it\m \ncm-it\m Bbn-
{_ÒXXzs¯ Adn-bp-¶-Xn-\m-{K-ln-¡q, AXm-bXv X]-Êp- Ã. At±lw ap³]n-e-t¯-t¸mse ho­pw AtX {]mÀ°\
sN-bvXp-sIm­v Fsâ D]-tZ-i-s¯- ¸än ho­pw Nn´n-¡q. Xs¶ \S-¯n. þ ""`K-h³, Rm³ icn-bà {Kln-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-
Cu Xt]m-c q-]-a m-Ip¶ km[\ Xs¶ {_Ò-am-I p-¶p. sX-¦n A§v Ir]-tbm-Sp-IqSn {_Ò-c-lkyw F\n-¡p-]-
{_Òs¯ {Kln-¡p-¶-Xn\v CXn-\p-]-cn-bmbn aäp bmsXm-cp- tZ- in-¨p-X-¶m-epw. At¸mÄ hcp-W³ ho­pw AtX D¯cw
]m- b- §fpw CÃ.'' C{]-Imcw ]nXm-hnsâ BÚ e`n¨p `rKp Xs¶ \ÂIn þ ""\o X]-Êp-h- gn-bm-bn- ¯-s¶ {_Ò-X-Xzs¯
ho­pw apt¶-t¸mse kwb-a-\-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Pohn¨v ]nXm- {Kln-¡ p-hm-\ m-{K-l n-¡ q. AXm-b Xv X]-kym-] qÀÆIw
hnsâ D]-tZ-i-s¯-¸än Nn´n-¨p. Nn´n-¨n«v At±lw F´p- AXnsâ ]qÀ®-amb IY IYm-\p-k-cWw Nn´n-¡q. X]w
sNbvXp F¶ Imcyw ASp¯ A\p-hm-I-¯n hnh-cn- Xs¶ {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p.'' C{]-Im-c-apÅ ]nXm-hnsâ BÚ
¡p-¶p. e`n-¨n«v `rKp ho­pw ap³]n-et- ¯-t¸mse kwb-a-\-t¯m-
Sp-IqSn Pohn-¨p-sIm­v ]nXm-hnsâ D]-tZ-i-{]-Imcw Nn´n-
¨p. Nn´n-¨ -Xn-\p-tijw At±lw F´p-sN-bvXp. CXp
]©-am- \ p- h mIw
XpSÀ¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
hnÚm\w {_tÒXn hyPm-\ m-X v. hnÚm-\ m-
t²yh Jezn-am\n `qXm\n Pmb-t´. hnÚm-t\\
PmXm\n Poh-´n. hnÚm\w {]b-´y-`n-kw-hn-i-´o-
jjvTm-\ p- h mIw
Xn. XZzn-Ú mb ]p\-tch hcpWw ]nX-c-ap-] m-k- B\tµm {_tÒXn hyPm-\m-X v. B\-µm-t²y-h-
km-c. A[o-ln-`-Kthm {_tÒ-Xn. Xw tlm hmN. J-ezn-am\n `qXm\n Pmbm-t´. B\-tµ\ PmXm\
X]km {_Ò hnPn-Úm-kk - z. Xt]m-{_-tÒ-Xn. k Poh-´n. B\µw {]b-´y-`n-kw-hn-i-´o-Xn. sskjm
Xt]mX]y-X. k X]-kvX-]vXzm. `mÀ¤ho hmcpWo hnZym ]cta thyma³ {]Xn-jvTn-
Xm. k b Ghw thZ {]Xn-X n-j vT -Xn. A¶-hm-\ -
C{]m-hiyw `rKp ]nXm-hnsâ D]-tZ- i-a-\p- k-cn¨v hnÚm-
¶mtZm `h-Xn. alm³ `hXn {]Pbm ]ip-`nÀ{_-Ò-
\-kz-cq-]-tN-X- \-bmb Pohm-ßm-hp-X s¶ {_Ò-a m-sW¶p
hÀ¨-tk-\. alm³ IoÀ¯ym.
\nÝ-bn-¨p. At±lw Nn´n¨p {_Ò-¯nsâ e£W-§-sf-
¸än ]nXmhp ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶-sXÃmw ]qÀ®-ambpw CXn C¯-hW `rKp ]nXm-hnsâ D]-tZ-is - ¯-¸än AKm-[-
ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. Cu FÃm {]mWn- Ifpw Pohm-ßm-hn \n¶p- ambn Nn´n-¨n«v B\µw {_Òw Xs¶ F¶ Xocp-am-\-¯n-
Xs¶ DÛ-hn- ¡p- ¶p. kPo-h-tN-X-\- bn \n¶p- Xs¶ {]mWn- se-¯n. ""Cu B\-µ-a-b-\mb ]c-am-ßm-hp-X- s¶- bmWv A¶-
I-fpsS Dev]¯n {]Xy-£- ambpw ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. DÛ-hn-¨n«v a-bm-Zn-I-fmb FÃm-¯n-sâbpw A´-cm-ßm-hm-Ip-¶-Xv. Ah-
Cu hnÚm-\-kz-cq-]-amb Pohm-ßm-hn-\m¯s¶ Pohn- sb-Ãmw-Xs¶ At±-l-¯nsâ Øqe-cq-]-§-fm-Ip-¶p. Cu
¡p-¶p. Pohm-ßmhp \ne-\n-ev¡p-¶n-sÃ-¦n a\-Ê,v C{µn- Imc-Ww-sIm-­p-X s¶ Ah-bn {_Ò-_p-²n-bp-­ m-Ip-
b- §Ä, {]mW³ apX- emb bmsXm- ¶n\pw Pohn-¡p- hm³ Ign- Ibpw {_Ò-¯nsâ Bwin-Ie - £
- Ww {]I-S-am-hp-Ibpw
bp-¶n- Ã. bmsXm-¶n\pw AXn-tâ-Xmb tPmenIÄ \nÀÆ-ln- sN¿p-¶p. F¶m kÀtÆ-iz-cs\ At]-£n¨p {_Ò-
¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶n-Ã. AXp-t]mse ac-Wm-\-´cw a\Êv ¯nsâ e£Ww B\-µ-¯n ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. F´p-sIm-
apX-em-b -h-sbÃmw Pohm-ß m-hnÂXs¶ hne-b n-¡p-¶p. s­-¶mÂ, Cu Pohn-I-sfÃmw B\-µ-kz-cq-]-\mb ]c-{_-
Poh³ t]mb- Xn- \p-ti-japÅ arX- i-co-c- ¯n Ch- sbm¶pw Ò-]-c-am-ßm-hnÂ\n-¶p-Xs¶ krjvSn-bpsS Bcw-`-¯nÂ
ImW-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. AXn-\m hnÚm\ kzcq-]-amb Pohm- DÛ-hn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Ch-sb-Ãm-¯ n-sâbpw BZn-Im-cWw

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 136

I t]mepw At±lw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. AXp-t]mse Cu Bµ-a- K

]m-b-apt­m? CXn\p adp-]-Sn-bmbn Ch-sbÃmw {]m]n-¡p-
bsâ B\-µ¯ - nsâ teiw e`n-¨n-«p-Xs¶ Cu {]mWn- ¶-Xn-\pÅ aäp-]m-b-§Ä ]d-bp¶p þ
IsfÃmw Pohn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. Bcpw ZpxJ-t¯m-Sp-IqSn
A¶w \ \nµym- X v . XZv { h- X w, {]mtWm hm
Pohn-¡p-hm-\n-jSv -s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. am{X-hp-a-Ã, B\-µ-a-b- \mb B
A¶w. ico-c-a-¶m-Zw, {]mtW icocw {]Xn-jvTn-Xw.
kÀÆm-´-cym-an-bmb ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ ANn-´y-i-àn-bpsS
icotc {]mWx {]Xn-jvTn-Xx. XtZ-X-Z-¶-at¶ {]Xn-
t{]c-W-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-¯s¶ Cu temI-¯nse FÃm Pohn-I-
jvTn-Xw. k b GX-Z-¶-at¶ {]Xn-jvTnXw thZ {]Xn-
fp-sSbpw FÃm {]hÀ¯-\-§fpw \S-¶p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p.
Xn-jvT-Xn. A¶-hm-\ -¶mtZm `h-X n. alm³ `hXn
At±-l-¯nsâ `c-W-¯n Ign-bp¶ kqcym-Zn-IÄ AXm-
{]Pbm ]ip-`nÀ_vÒ-hÀ¨-tk\ alm³ IoÀ¯ym.
Xp-I-fpsS tPmen-IÄ \nÀÆ-ln-¡m-Xn- cn- ¡p-I-bm- sW-¦n Hcp
£W-t\cw t]mepw bmsXmcp {]mWn¡pw Pohn-¨n-cn-¡p- ChnsS A¶-¯nsâ al-Xzs¯ hnh-cn-¨n«v AXv Adn-
bp-¶-Xp-sIm-­p-­m-Ip¶ ^es¯ Adn-bn-¡p-¶p. AXm-
hm³ km[n- ¡p- ¶- X-Ã. AJn- e-¯n-tâbpw Pohm-[mcw hmkvX-
h-¯n B\-µ-kz-cq-]-\mb B ]c-am-ßm-hmIp¶p. AXp- bXv bmsXmcp a\p-jy³ A¶m-Zn-I-fm k¼-¶-\m-Ip-hm³
t]mse FÃm Pohn-I-fmepw \nd-bs B{K- ln-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ Gähpw BZy-ambn "Rm³ Hcn-
- ¸« Cu {_ÒmWvUw
{]f-bI - m-e-¯n At±-l¯ - n¯s¶ eo\-am-Ip-Ibpw ¡epw A¶s¯ \nµn-¡p-I-bnÃ' F¶pÅ {hXw AwKo-I-
sN¿p-¶p. At±lw Xs¶ FÃm {]Im-c-¯nepw kÀÆZm cn-¡-Ww. GsX-¦nepw Hcp hkvXp-hns\ e`n-¡p-hm³ a\p-
AJn-e-¯n-tâbpw B{i-b-am-Ip-¶p. C{]-Im-c-apÅ A\p-`- jy-\m-{K-ln-¡p-¶pthm AXns\ kw_-Ôn¨ Hcp al-Xz-_p-
²n-bp-­m-bn-cn-¡-W-sa-¶Xv Hcp km[m-cW \nbaw am{X-am-
h-a p- ­ m-b -t ¸mÄ `rKp-h n\p ]c- {_-Ò -s ¯- ¸ - ä nbpÅ
bYmÀ° Úm\w D­m-bn. ]n¶oSv At±-l- ¯n\p bmsXm- Ip-¶p. At¸mÄ AXv Ah-\p-th-­nbpw {]b-X\ v n-¡pw. Hcp-
cp-hn[amb PnÚm-kbpw Ahtijn-¨n-Ã. {ipXn-kz-b-ambn ¯\v GsX-¦nepw H¶n hnc-k-_p-²n-bmWv tXm¶p-¶-sX-
B hnZy-bpsS alna Adn-bn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n ]d-bp¶p þ ¦n Ahsâ t\sc AXp I®p-Xp-d-¶p-t\m-¡p-I-t]mepw
AXp-Xs¶ hcp-W-\m ]d-b-s¸-«Xpw `rKp-hn\p e`y-am-b- sN¿p-I-bn-Ã. A¶s¯ \nµn-¡ p-I-b n-s Ã-¶ pÅ {hXw
Xp-amb {_Ò-hnZy ({_-Ò-c-lkyw shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p¶ hnZy). kzoI-cn-¡-Ww. A¶w Xs¶ {]mW\pw {]mW³ Xs¶
Cu hnZy hnip² BIm-i-kz-cq-]a A¶hpw BIp- ¶p. F´p- sIm-s­- ¶m A¶-¯n \n¶p-
- m-Ip¶ ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-
ßm-hn ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. At±lw Xs¶ Cu hnZy-bp- Xs¶ {]mW-_ew D­m-hp-Ibpw {]mW-i-àn-bn \n¶p-
tSbpw B[m-cw. bmsXm-cp-¯³ `rKp-hn-s\-t¸mse X]-kym- Xs¶ A¶-a-b-i -co-c-¯ n Poh-i-à n-b p-­ m-Ip-Ibpw
]qÀÆw CXn-s\-¸än Nn´n-¨n«v ]c-am-\-µk sN¿p¶p F¶pÅ A¶-¯nsâ al-Xzs¯ a\-Ên-em-¡-
- z-cq-]-\mb ]c-am-
ßm-hns\ Xncn-¨-dn-bp-¶pthm Ah\pw Ahn-ip-²-]-c-am-\µ Ww. ico-c¯ - n A¶-c-ks¯ kÀÆ{X hym]n-¸n-¡p-¶-
]c-am-ßm-hn ØnX- \m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. C{]-Imcw Cu hnZy- Xp-sIm­v ChnsS {]mWs\ A¶-sa¶p ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p.
bpsS hmkvX-hn-I-^ew ]d-ªn«v a\pjysc B km[-\- icocw {]mWsâ B[m-c-¯n Dd- ¨p-\n- ev¡p-¶p. AXn-\mÂ
bpsS t\tc Xncn-¨p-hn-Sp-¶-Xn\v D]-cyp-à-amb coXn-bnÂAXv {]mW-cq-]-amb A¶- ¯nsâ t`màm-hm-Ip-¶p. icocw
A¶ {]mWmZn kakvX XXz§fp-tSbpw cl-ky-hn-Úm\ {]mW-\n ØnXn-sN-¿p- ¶p. AXm-bXv ico- c- ¯nsâ ØnXn
]qÀÆ-I-amb {_Òs¯ Adnbp¶ Úm\n-I-fpsS ico-c- {]mWm-[o-\m-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw {]mW³ ico-c-¯n ØnX-am-
¯epw A´x-Ic - -W-¯nepw kzm`m-hn-Ia bn-cn- ¡p- Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. {]mWsâ B[mcw ico-c-am-Ip¶p.
- m-bp-Û-hn-¡p¶
Akm-[m-c-W-amb iàn- sb¸än {ipXn ]d-bp¶p þ Ah³ C¡mcyw {]Xy- £- am- W-sÃm. C{]-Imcw Cu A¶- a- b-i-cocw
A¶-am- Ip-¶p. {]mW\v Blmcw e`y- am-Im-Xn-cp- ¶m AXp
\m\m {]Im- c -¯ n- e p- a pÅ Poh- \ - b - t {Xm- ] - t bm- K n- I -
t`mK§fn k¼-¶-\m-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw Ah-sb-à m-¯n- ico-c-¯nse [mXp-¡-sf-¯s¶ DW-¡n-¡-f-bp-sa-¶p-ÅXv
t\bpw tkhn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ kmaÀ°yw Ah-\n h¶-tN- A\p-`-h-kn-²-amb hnj-ba - m-Wv. At¸mÄ ico-c-¯nsâ
cp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AXm-bXv Ahsâ a\-Ê,v C{µn-b-§Ä, ØnXn {]mW¶[o\- am- b- Xp- Im-cWw {]mW\pw A¶w-X-s¶-
icocw Ch \nÀhn-Im-chpw \otcm-Khpw Bbn-¯o-cp-¶p. bm-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m ico-c-¯n\pw {]mW\pw ]c-k] v -cm-{i-
am{X-hp-a-Ã, Ah³ k´m-\-§Ä, arK-§Ä, {_Ò-tX-PÊv b-_-Ô- ap-Å-Xn-\m A¶- ¯n¯s¶ A¶w ØnXn-sN-
henb IoÀ¯n Ch-bm kar- ²-\m-bn«v temI-¯n kÀÆ- ¿p¶p F¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ Cu clkyw
t{i-jT v -\mbn am\n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶pthm Ah-\p-Xs¶ ico-chpw {]mW\pw
c­n-tâbpw D]-tbmKw icn-bmbn \S-¯p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p.
AXn-\m ico-c-¯n- sâbpw {]mW-sâbpw hnÚm-\-¯nÂ
k]vX - am-\ p- h mIw ]mc-MvK-X-\m-bp-Å-h³ Cu hnÚm-\-¯nsâ ^e-kz-cq-]-
kw_Ôw þ {_lva-Úm\n A¶w, {]P (k´m\w) apX- ambn FÃm {]Im-c -¯ n-e p- a pÅ t`mK-h -k vX p- ¡ -f mÂ
em-b-h-bm k¼-¶-\m-bn-¯o-cp-sa¶ Imcyw ]d-ªp-I-gn- bpà\pw Ahsb D]-tbm-K- ¯n sIm­p-h-cp-¶-Xn-\pÅ
ªp. At¸mÄ Hcp kwi- b-ap-­m-Ip-¶Xv Cu FÃm kn²n- iàn-bn k¼-¶- \p-am-bn- ¯o-cp-sa¶p ]d-b-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p.
Ifpw {_Ò-km-£m-Xv¡mcw {]m]n-¨-Xn-\p-ta am{Xta e`y- IqSmsX Ah³ k´m-\-§Ä, \m\m-hn[ arK§Ä, {_Ò-
am-I-bptÅm AYhm Ch-sbÃmw {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ aäp- tX- P-Êv Ch-bm k¼-¶-\mbn alm-\m-b n-¯o-c p-¶p.
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 137

I IoÀ¯n, biÊv Ch temI-¯n hym]n-¡p-Ibpw XZzmcm \n]p-W-\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m Ah\v Cu K

Ah³ temI-¯n alm-\m-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. c­n-sâbpw icn-bmb D]-tbmKw \S-¯p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p.
CXnsâ ^e-ambn Ah³ FÃm-hn[ t`mK-km-a-{Kn- If - mÂ
k¼-¶\pw Ah-sbÃmw bYm-tbmKyw D]-t`mKw \S-¯p-
AjvS-am-\ p- h mIw
¶-Xn Ign-hp-Åh - \pw Bbn-¯o-cp-¶p. AXp-Im-cWw
A¶w \ ]cnN£oX. XZv {hXw. Bt]m hm Ah³ k´m-\§fmepw \m\m-hn[ arK-§-fmepw {_Ò-tX-
A¶w. tPymXn-c¶ - m-Zw. A]vkp tPymXnx {]Xn-jvTn- P-Ên-\mepw k¼-¶-\mbn alm-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah³ bi-
Xw. tPymXn-j ym]x {]Xn-jvTn-Xmx. XtZ-X-Z-¶ -at¶ kznbpw X¡m-c-W-¯m alm-\p-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
{]Xn-jvTn-Xw. k b GX-Z-¶-at¶ {]Xn-jvTnXw thZ
{]Xn-Xn-j vT -X n. A¶ hm\-¶ mtZm `h-X n. alm³
`hXn {]Pbm ]ip-` nÀ{_- Ò -h ÀN-tk- \ . alm³
\h- am-\ p- h mIw
IoÀ¯ym. A¶w _lp IÀho-X. XZv {hXw. ]rYnho hm
A¶w. BImtim¶mZx. ]rYn-hym-am-I mix {]Xn-
ChnsS Pe-t¯bpw tPymXn-Ên-t\bpw A¶-cq-]a - mbn
jvTn-Xx. BImti ]rYnho {]Xn-jvTn-Xm. XtZ-X-Z-¶-
]d-ªp-sIm­v Ahsb Adn-bp-¶-Xn \n¶p-­m-Ip¶
at¶ {]Xn-jvTn-Xw. k b GX-Z-¶-at¶ {]Xn-jvTnXw
^ew ]d- bp-¶p. bmsXmcp a\p-jy\v A¶w apX-em- b-h-bmÂ
thZ {]Xn-Xn-jvT-Xn. A¶-hm-\-¶mtZm `h-Xn. alm³
k¼-¶-\ m-I -W -s a¶v B{K-l -ap-­ m-I p-¶ pthm Ah³
`hXn {]Pbm ]ip-` nÀ{_- Ò -h À¨-tk- \ . alm³
""Rms\m- c n- ¡ epw A¶s¯ Ah- t l- f n- ¡ p- I - b n- Ã ,
IoÀ¯ym.
A¶s¯ Zpcp-]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¯p-Itbm AXns\ F¨n-ensâ
cq]-¯n Dt]-£n¨p If-bp-I-tbm-bnÃ'' F¶pÅ \nbaw ChnsS BIm-i-t¯bpw `qan-tbbpw A¶-cq-]a - mbn
Ahiyw ]men-¨n-cn-¡-Ww. Hcp-¯³ GsX-¦nepw hkvXp- ]dªv Ah-b psS XXzs¯ Adn-b p-¶-X p-s Im-­ pÅ
hns\ A\m-Z-cn-¡-bm-sW-¦n AXn-t\mSv Dt]-£m-_p²n ^es¯ hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. bmsXmcp a\p-jy\p `£y-[m-\y-
kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p-sh-¦n B hkvXp Ahs\ Hcn-¡epw hcn- §Ä kar-²n-bm-bp-­m-Ip-¶-Xn-\pÅ A`n-emjw D­m-Ip-
¡p-I-bnà F¶p-ÅXv km[m-cW \nbaw am{X-ta-bm-Ip-¶p- ¶p-thm, Ah³ BZy-ambn Cu {hX-¯n Aæn ZrV-
Åq. GsX-¦nepw hkvXp-hns\ {]m]n-¡-Ws - a-¦n AXn- amb Hcp k¦-e v]-¯n F¯n-b n-c n-¡Ww þ "Rm³
t\mSv BZ-c-_p²n {]I-Sn-¸n-t¡-­Xv ]c-a-amb IÀ¯-hy-am- A¶s¯ hf-sc-b-[n-I-ambn hÀ²n-¸n¡pw' F¶v. GsX-
Ip-¶p. Hcp-¯\v Hcp hkvXp-hn BZ-c-hn-tâ-Xmb at\m- ¦nepw hkvXp-hn-t\m-SpÅ Aan-X-amb A`yp-Zbw Xs¶
`mhw D­m-Ip-¶n- sÃ-¦n Ah³ AXns\ {]m]n-¡-W-sa¶v AXns\ hfÀ¯-W-sa-¶pÅ A`n-emjw Xs¶, AXns\
F´n-\m- {K- ln- ¡p¶p? Pew Xs¶ A¶- am-Ip-¶p. F´p-sIm- BIÀjn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ Gähpw t{ijvT-amb D]m-b-am-Ip-
s­-¶m FÃm-bn-\-¯n-ep-apÅ A¶w, `£y-]Z- mÀ°- ¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ GsX-¦n-ep-samcp hkvXp-hns\ Ae-£y-
§Ä, Pe-¯nÂ\n-¶p-Xs¶ DÛ-hn-¡p-Ibpw tPymXn-Êv, ambn ssIImcyw sN¿p-Ib - m-sW-¦n B hkvXp-hns\
tXP-Êv, Xs¶ Cu Pe-cq-]a - m-Ip¶ A¶s¯ `£n-¡p- Ah\v Hcn-¡epw {]m]n-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶nà AYhm e`y-
Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. C{]-Imcw A¶s¯ Ah-tl-fn-¡-bn-sÃ- am-Ip-Ib- m-sW-¦n Xs¶ AXp \ne-\n¡p-¶p-an-Ã.
¶pÅ {hXw kzoI-cn-¨p-sIm­v apI-fn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶ CXn\ptijw ]rYzn Xs¶ A¶-am-sW- ¶pÅ A¶- ¯nsâ
A¶-¯nsâ Cu XXzs¯ \¶mbn a\-Ên-em-¡p-Ibpw XXzw icn-bmbn a\-Ên-em- ¡-Ww. F{X- sbÃmw A¶- apt­m
thWw. Aánbpw kqcy-c-ivan-Ifpw F{]-Imcw Pe-I-W- Ah-sbÃmw ]rYzn-bnÂ\n-¶p-Xs¶ D­m-Ip-Ibpw Cu
§sf timjn-¸n¨p If-bp-¶pthm AtX {]Imcw ico-c-¯n- ]rYznsb X¶n-te¡v BIÀjn- ¨p-sIm-­n- cn-¡p-¶-Xnsâ B
epÅ PT-cmán ico-c¯ - nse Pemw-i-X-Xz-§sf timjn-¸n- [mc-`q-X-amb BImiw Cu A¶- ¯nsâ t`màhpw BIp-
¡p- ¶p. Pe-¯n tPymXnÊv {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-bn- cn-¡p-¶p. CXp- ¶p. `qan-bn BImiw ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p, F´p-sIm-s­-
t]mse tXP-Ênepw Pew ØnXn-sN-¿p¶p F¶p-ÅXp ¶m AXv kÀÆ-hym-]n-bm-Ip¶p; BIm-i-¯n ]rYzn
\ap¡p {]Xy-£-ambn ImWp-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p. F´p-sIm- ØnXn-sN-¿p¶p F¶pÅ Imcyhpw {]Xy-£-am-Ip-¶p. Ch
s­- ¶m kqcysâ {]Jc Inc-W-§-fn ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ c­pw H¶p asäm-¶n-¶m-[m-c-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-Im-cWw A¶-
Pew Xs¶ \½psS ap¶n hrjvSn-bmbn hÀjn-¡-s¸-Sp- kz-cq-]-am-Ip-¶p. ]©-a-lm-`q-X-§-fn BImiw BZy-
¶p. C{]-Imcw Pehpw tXPÊpw At\ym-\ym-{i-b-§-fm-bn- t¯Xpw `qan Ah-km-\-t¯-Xp-amb XXz-§-fm-Ip-¶p. CS-
cn-¡p-¶Xp ImcWw A¶- cq-]-amb FÃm `£y-]-ZmÀ°-§- bv¡pÅ aq¶p XXz-§fpw Ch-bn A´ÀK-X-§-fm-Wv.
fp-tSbpw Imc-W-am- Ip- ¶p; Bb- Xn-\m Ch- Xs¶ Ah- bpsS kakvX t`mKy-]Z- mÀ°-cq-]-amb A¶w Cu ]©-a-lm-
cq]-¯n ]cn-W-an-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m c­pw A¶w _qX§fpsS {]hÀ¯-\-am-Wv. AXn-\m Chbpw A¶-
Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. C§s\ A¶w Xs¶ A¶-¯n {]Xn- ¯nsâ cq]-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. CXp-sIm­v A¶-
jvTn-X- am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. bmsXmcp a\p-jy³ Cu XXzw a\-Ên- ¯n Xs¶ A¶w {]Xn-jT v n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. bmsXm-cp-
em-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ Cu c­n-sâbpw hnÚm-\¯ - n ¯³ Cu Imcyw XmXzn-I-ambn {Kln-¡p-¶pthm þ ]rYzo-cq-

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 138

I ]-amb A¶-¯n BIm-i-cq-]-am-Ip¶ A¶hpw BIm-i- "R§-fpsS lrZ-b¯ - n \n§Ä¡p \ÂIp-¶-Xn\p \à K

cq-]-am-Ip¶ A¶-¯n ]rYzo-cq-]-am-Ip¶ A¶hpw {]Xn- `£- Wtam Xma- kn- ¡p- ¶-Xn\p Øetam CÃ' F¶v At±lw
jvTn-X- a-mbn-cn-¡p¶p F¶v þ Ah\v BIm-im-Zn-bmb ]©- Hcn-¡epw ]d-bp-I-bn-Ã. bmsXm-cp-¯³ Xsâ Krl-¯n-em-
`q-X- §sf bYmtbmKyw D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-hm³ Ign- bp- ¶p. AXn- K-X-\m-Ip¶ AXn-Ynsb AXy-[n-I-amb BZ-c-k¡m-c-
\m Ah³ Cu hnj-b-¯n kaÀ°-\mbpw `hn-¡p-¶p. ]qÀÆw D¯- a-`m-h-t¯m-Sp-IqSn \à hkvXp-¡- fm tkh\w
Cu hnÚm-\-¯nsâ ^e-ambn Ah³ FÃm {]Im-c-§-fn- sN¿p-¶pthm þ Ahs\ {i²-tbm-Sp-IqSn D­m-¡n-bn-«pÅ
ep-apÅ t`mKy-h-kvXp¡fmepw Ahsb D]t`mKn-¡p-¶-Xn- t`mP-\-h-kvXp-¡-fm Xr]vX-\m-¡-s¸-Sp-¶pthm Ah\pw
\pÅ iàn-bmepw k¼-¶-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. AXn-\m D¯-a-`m-K-¯n A¶w e`y-am-Ip-¶p. AXm-bXv Ah\p
A h³ k´ m\- § - f m , \m\m- { ]- I m- c - § - f n- e pÅ t`mKy-]-ZmÀ°-§-f psS k¼-m Z-\ -¯n IjvS -s ¸-tS­
arK§fmÂ, hnZy-bpsS tXP-Ên-\m kaÀ°\pw alm-\p- Bhiyw D­m-Ip-¶n-Ã. AXnYn tkh-\¯ - nsâ {]`m-h-
am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah-sâ biÊv temIw apgp-h³ hym]n- ¯n \n¶pw Ah\p bmsXm-¶n-tâbpw Ipd-hp-­m-Ip-¶n-
¡p-¶p. AXn-\m Bbp-Êp-hg- n-bm-bn«pw Ah³ alm-\m- Ã. Abm-fpsS FÃm Bhiy§fpw A\m-bm-k-a mbn
bn- ¯o-cp-¶p. ]qÀ¯o-Ic - n¡s¸Sp-¶p. Ah³ ho«n hcp¶ AXn-Ynsb
a[y`mh-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWp k¡-cn-¡p-¶-sX-¦nÂ, AXm-
bXp km[m- c - W - c o- X n- b n `£ Ww \ Ip- I bpw
Zi-am- \ p-h mIw
{]tXyIamb _lp-am-\-sam¶pw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-I-bp-
\ IwN\ hkXu {]Xym-N-£o-X. XXv{h-Xw. X am-sW-¦n Ah\pw km[m-c-W-co-Xn-bn A¶w e`y-am-Ip-
kvamZybm Ibm N hn[bm _lzm¶w {]m]v\p-bm- ¶p. AXm-bXv A¶-h-k{v Xm-Zn-I-fpsS kw`-c-W-¯n km[m-
Xv . Bcm-² ykva m A¶-an-X ymN£tX. GXssZz c-W-bn Ihnªv _p²n-ap-t«-­-Xmbn hcp-¶p. GXp `mh-
apJtXm¶w cm²w. apJXmkvam A¶w cm[y-tX. t¯m-Sp-IqSn Ah³ AXn-Yn¡p \ÂIp-¶pthm AtX-`m-h-
GXssZz a[ytXm¶wcm-²w. a[ytXmkvam A¶w t¯m- Sp- IqSn A{Xbpw Ipd-hmb BZ- c- thm-Sp-IqSn B hkvXp-
c m[ y- t X . G X Zzm A ´ tX m¶ w c m- ² w . ¡Ä e`n-¡p-¶p. CXp-t]m-se- Xs¶ A´n-a- `m-h-t¯m-Sp-IqSn
A´tXmkvam A¶w cm[y-tX. b Ghw thZ. AXm-bXv bmsXm-cp-hn-[-amb BZ-chpw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡msX
Cu A\p-hm-I-¯n AXn-Yn-tk-hb - psS al-Xzhpw \nÊm-c-`m-h-¯n `mc- -]a - m-bn-¡-cpXn AXn-Yn-tk-h\w \S-
^ehpw ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ AXn-Yn-tk-h-\- ¯p- I - b m- s W- ¦ n þ Ah³ \nIrjvS`mh-t¯m-Sp-IqSn A{i-
¯nsâ ]qÀ®-amb ^ew In«-Wsa¶m{K-ln-¡p-¶pthm ²- ambn X¿m- d m- ¡ - s ¸« `£Ww \ÂIn k¡- cn-¡p-I-bm-
Ah³ BZy-ambn Xsâ ho«n GsX¦nepw AXnYn B{i- sW-¦n þ Ah\pw AtX-co- Xn-bn-epÅ ]ZmÀ°- §Ä AtX
bs¯ B{K-ln¨p hcp-s¶-¦n Xm³ Hcn-¡epw tami- amb `mh-t¯m-Sp-IqSn e`n-¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv Ahsb {]m]n-¡p-
adp-]Sn ]dªp aS¡n Ab-bv¡p-I-bnà F¶ \nbaw ¶-Xn\v Ah³ hf-scb[nIw IjvS-s¸-tS-­- Xmbn hcp-¶p.
kzoI-cn-¡-Ww. "AXnYn tZthm `h' þ AXn-Ynsb tZh-_p- Bfp-Isf apJ-kX v p-Xn-bm kt´m-jn-¸n-t¡-­- Xmbn hcp-
²n-tbm-Sp-IqSn tkhn-¡pI F¶ D]-tZiw Kpcp apJ-¯p- ¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ C{]-Imcw Cu cl-kys¯ {Kln-¡p-
\n¶pw thZm-²y-b\w \S-¯n-bn-«pÅ injy\p sImSp¯p ¶pthm Ah³ D¯-a- amb coX-bn hnip-²- amb `mh-t¯m-
Ign-ª n-«p-Å-Xm-Wv. C{]-Im-c-apÅ \nbaw ]men-¨ m Sp-IqSn AXn- Yn-tk-h\w \S¯n kÀtÆm-¯-a-amb ^ew {]m-
am{Xta AXn-Yn-tk-h\w km²y-am-Ip-Ib - p-Åq. Cu {hXw ]n-¡p-¶p.
kzoI-cn¨v AXns\ ]men-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n Xsâbpw IpSpw- kw_Ôw þ C\n ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ hn`q-Xn-cq-]-t¯m-Sp-IqSn
_-¯n-sâbpw Bhiy¯n-\p-th­n am{X-a-ÃmsX GsX- kÀÆ{X Nn´n-t¡-­- Xmb hn[s¯ \nÀt±-in-¡p-¶p.
¦nepw \ymtbm-Nn-X-amb amÀ¤-¯n¡qSn hfscb[nIw
t£a CXn hmNn. tbmKt£a CXn {]mWm-]m-
A¶w D]mÀÖn-¡-Ww. [\w, k¼-¯v, A¶w C§s\
\-tbmx. IÀt½Xn lkvXt- bmx. KXn-cnXn ]mZ-tbmx.
ico-c- t]m-j-W-¯n-\p-th-­n- bpÅ kma-{Kn-Isf k¼m- Zn-¡p-
hnap-àn-c nXn ]mbu. CXn am\p-jox. kam-Ú mx.
¶-Xn\v F{Xtbm \ymtbm-Nn-X-amb amÀ¤§fp-t­m, AXp-
AX ssZhox. Xr]vXn-cn-Xn. hrjvSu. _e-anXn hnZyp-
t]mse Ignª A\p- hm-I-§-fn-embn GsXÃmw D]m- b- §Ä
Xn. bi CXn ]ip-jp. tPymXn-cnXn \£t{X-j p.
]d-ªn-«pt­m Ah GsX-¦nepw aptJ\ hf-sc-b-[nIw
{] Pm- X n- c - a r - X - a m- \ µ C X yp- ] - t Ø . k À Æ- a n-
Blm-c-h-kvXp- ¡Ä k¼m-Zn- ¡-Ww. AXm-bXv AXnYn tkh-
XymImti.
\-¯n-\mbn Ah-iy-hk - vXp-¡Ä A[n-Ia- m-{X-bn kw`-cn-
¡-Ww. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m AXn-Yn-tk-h\w Krtlm-Nn-X- ChnsS ]c-ta-iz-c sâ hn`q-Xn-I sf kwt£- ]-ambn
amb kZm-Nm-c-¯nsâ Hgn-¨p-Iq-Sm³ ]mSn-Ãm¯ AwK-am-Ip- hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. kXy-kz- cq-]-amb hmWn-bn BioÀhm-
¶p. am\y\pw tbmKy-\p-amb a\p-jy³ ho«n hcp¶ AXn- Zm-ZnIÄaqew c£ \ÂIp-¶-Xn-\pÅ iàn {]Xo- X-am-Ip-¶p-
Yn-tbmSv C{]-Imcw ]d-bp¶p þ "hcp, hcp, Ccn-¡p, `£Ww thm, AXnsâ cq]-¯n AhnsS ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ ØnXn-
X¿m-dm-b n-cn-¡p-¶p. `£Ww Ign¨m-epw.' F¶n-§-s\. bp-­m-Ip-¶p. {]mW-\nepw A]m-\-\nepw Poh-t\m-]-tbm-Kn-

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 139
I bmb hkvXp-¡sf BIÀjn-¡p-¶-Xn\pw Pohs\ c£n¡p-
¶-Xn-\p-apÅ GsXmcp iàn-bp-­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXpw
]c-am-ßm-hnsâ Awi-am-Ip-¶p. AtX-{]-Imcw ssIIfnÂ
{]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ iànbpw ]mZ-§-fn Nen-¡p-¶-
Xn-\pÅ iànbpw ae-Zzm-c-¯n ae-hn-kÀÖ-\-¯n-\pÅ
iànbpw ]c-am-ßm-hn-tâ-Xm-Ip-¶p. Cu FÃm iIvXnIfpw
]ctaizcsâ iàn-bpsS Hcwiw Xs¶-bm-Wv. CsXÃmw
ImWp¶ a\p-jyÀ ]c-ta-iz-csâ k¯-bn hniz-kn-¡pI
Xs¶ thWw. CXv am\p-jn-Ia - mb aln-a-bm-Wv. AXm-bXv
a\p-jysâ ico-c¯ - n {]Xo-X-am-Ip¶ ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ
iàn-bpsS kwt£-]¯ - n ZnKvZÀi\w sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p.
CXns\ B²ym-ßn-I-amb (i-co-c- kw-_-Ôn) D]m-k- \-sb¶p
]d-bp-¶p. CXp-t]mse Xs¶ ssZhn- I-]-ZmÀ¯-§-fn {]Xy-
£-ambn ImW-s ¸-Sp¶ iànsb hÀ®n-¡ p-¶p. CXv
ssZhnI (B[nssZ-hnI) amb D]m-k-\-bm-W.v hrjvSn-bnÂ
bmsXm-cp-hn-[-amb A¶m-ZnIsf DÛ-hn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw Pe-
{]-Zm\w aqew AJn-e-t¯bpw Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-Xn-\pÅ
iànbpw \£{X-§-fn AXm-bXv kqcy³, N{µ³, Xmcm-
K-W-§Ä Ch-bn ImW- s¸- Sp¶ {]Imi§fpw enwK- ¯nÂ
\ne-\n¡p¶ k´m-t\m- e] v m-Z-\-i- ànbpw hocy-cq-]-¯nÂ
c£bpw B\-µhpw \ÂIp-¶-Xn-\pÅ iànbpw AXp-
t]mse BIm-i-¯n FÃm-¯n-s\bpw \ne-\nÀ¯p¶
iànbpw kÀÆ hym]-IX - z-¯n-sâbpw A§s\ FÃm
{]Im-c-¯n-ep-apÅ iànbpw ]c-ta-iz-csâ ANn-´yhpw
A]m-ch - p-amb iàn-bpsS GtXm Hcw-i-¯nsâ {]kv^p-
cWw am{X-am-Ip-¶p. Ch-sbÃmw I­v a\p-jy³ kÀÆ{X
GI-\mb ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ hym]-I-X-bpsS clkyw a\-Ên-
em- ¡-Ww.
kw_\v[w þ C\n hnhn[ `mh-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn \S-¯-s¸-Sp¶
D]m-k-\IfpsS ^e-k-ln-X-amb hÀ®\w \S-¯-s¸-Sp-¶pþ
XXv {]Xn-jvtT-Xyp-]m-ko-X. {]Xn-jvTm-h m³ `h-
Xn. X·l CXyp-] m- k o-X . alm³ `h- X n. X·\
CXyp-]mkoX . am\-hm³ `h-X n. X¶a CXyp-] m-
ko-X. \ayt´kvs sa Imamx. XZv {_tÒ-Xyp-]m-
ko-X. {_Ò-hm³ `h-Xn. XZv {_ÒWx ]cn-ac CXyp-
]m-ko-X. ]tcyWw {anbt´ Zznj´x k]Xv\mx. ]cn
tb{]nbm {`mXr-hymx.
Cu a{´¯n kIm-tam-]m- k-\-bpsS `n¶-§-fmb ^e-
§sf hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. {]XnjvT B{K-ln-¡p¶ ]pcp-j³
Xsâ D]m-ky-tZ-hsâ {]Xn-jvT-bpsS cq]-¯n D]m-k\
\S-¯-s«. AXm-bXv "B D]m-ky-tZ-h³ Xs¶ FÃm-¯n-
sâbpw {]XnjvT þ AJn-e-¯n-sâbpw B[mcw' BIp-¶p.
Cu `mh\tbm- Sp-Iq-Sn At±-ls¯ Nn´n-¡-s«. temI- ¯nÂ
A§-s\-bpÅ D]m-k-I\v {]XnjvT e`n-¡p-¶p. alXzw
{]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n Xsâ D]m-ky-tZ-hs\ "alm³'
F¶p IcpXn At±-ls¯ D]m-kn-¡p¶p F¦n Ah³
alm-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p, al-Xzs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Xsâ D]m-
ky-tZ-hs\ alm³ a\kzn F¶p IcpXn a\\iàn {]m]n-
N P
¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n AXns\ D]m-kn-¡p¶p F¦n B D]m- K
k-I³ \\w sN¿p-¶-Xn-\pÅ hnti-j-i-ànsb {]m]n-¡p-
¶p. C{]-Imcw bmsXm-cp-¯³ Xsâ D]m-ky-tZ-h-Xsb \a-
kv¡m-c-tbm-Ky-\mb iànim-en-bmbn¡cpXn A§-s\-
bpÅ iàn {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n At±-ls¯ D]m-kn-
¡p¶p F¦n Ah³ kzbw \a-k¡ v m-c-tbm-Ky-\m-bn-¯o-
cp-¶p. FÃm A`nemj§fpw ssIIq¸n Ahsâ ap¼nÂ
\n¡p-¶p. FÃm t`mK§fpw kzb-ambn Ahsâ Nc-W-
§-fn ]Xn-¡p-¶p. A\m-bm-k-am-bn-¯s¶ FÃm t`mK-h-
kvXp- ¡fpw Ah\p e`y-am-Ip-¶p. bmsXm- cp- ¯³ Xsâ D]m-
ky-tZ-hs\ Gähpw henb kÀÆm-[m-c-amb {_Òw F¶p
IcpXn AXns\ {]m]n- ¡p- ¶- Xn-\p-th­n D]m- k\ \S-¯p¶p
F¦n Ah³ {_Ò-Úm-\n-bm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p, AXm-bXv
kÀÆ-i-àn-am-\mb ]c-ta-iz-c³ Ahsâ kz´-am-bn-¯o-cp-
¶p. Ah-¶-[o- \- ambn `hn- ¡p-¶p. bmsXmcp¯³ Xsâ D]m-
ky-tZ-h-Xsb {_Òw-h-gn-bmbn FÃm-¯n-t\bpw kwl-cn-¡-
W-sa¶p \nÝ- bn-¡-s¸« A[n- Im-cn- tZ- h³ F¶p IcpXn D]m-
kn-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n Ah-t\mSp hntZz-j-apÅ FÃm i{Xp-
¡fpw kzbw \in-¡p-¶p. AXp-t]mse bmsXm-cp-¯³
Ahsâ A]-Im-cn-Ifpw A{]n-bc - p-amb _Ôp-¡Ä Bbn-
cn-¡p-¶p-htem Ahcpw \in-¨p-t]m-Ip-¶p. hmkvX-h¯ - nÂ
GsX-¦nepw cq]-¯n GsX-¦nepw D]m-ky-tZ-h-Xsb D]m-
kn-¡p-Ib- m-sW-¦n AXv {]Im-cm-´-c-ambn ]c-{_Ò ]c-
ta-iz-csâ D]m-k-\-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. F¶m kIm-a-cmb
a\p-jyÀ AÚm-\him Cu clkyw {Kln-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-
¶-Xp-Im-cWw `n¶-`n-¶-i-àn-I-fm bpà-amb `n¶ `n¶
tZh-X-I-fpsS `n¶-`n¶ A`n-em-j§ - -fp-sS-kn-²n-¡p-th-­n
D]m-k \ \S¯ns¡m­n-c n-¡ p-¶ p. AXn-\ m AhÀ
bYmÀ°-Kp-W- §-fm h©n- X-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. AXp- sIm­v
a\p-jyÀ Cu clkyw \¶mbn {Kln¨v AJn-e-tZ-h-·m-cp-
tSbpw tZh-\mb kÀÆ-i-àn-am-\mb ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ D]m-
k\ At±-ls¯ ¯s¶ {]m]n-¡p-¶- Xn-\p-th­n sN¿-s«.
At±-l-¯nÂ\n¶pw asäm¶pw B{K-ln-¡-cp-Xv.
kw_Ôw þ GI\mb ]c-am-ßmhv kÀÆ{X ]cn-]qÀ®-\m-
Ip-¶p. C¡mcyw {Kln¨v At±-ls¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xp-sIm-
­pÅ ^ehpw {]m]n-¡p-¶-h-cpsS ØnXnbpw hÀ®n-¡p-
¶p.
k bÝmbw ]pcptj bÝm-k m- h m-ZntXy k
GIx. k b Ghw-hn-Xv. Akvam-tÃm-I m-X vt{]-Xy.
GXa ¶a-b -am-ß m\ap]-k w-{I-ay. GXw {]mW-a-
b-XvZ-a-\-ap-]-kw-{I-ay. GXw at\m-a-b-am-ßm\ ap]-
kw-{I-ay. GXw hnÚm- \ -a -b - am- ß m\ ap]wkw
{Iay. GX-am-\-µ-ab amßm\ ap]-kw-{I-ay. Camw-
tÃm-Im³Im-am¶o Ima-cq]y \pkw-Nc - ³. GXvkm-
Xa Kmb-¶m-kvtX.
GsXmcp ]c-am-ßm-hns\ krjvSn-ØnXn kwlm-c-§-
fpsS Imc-W-ambn apt¶ hÀ®n¨p Ign-ªn-cn-¡p-¶pthm
bmsXm-c p- ¯ ³ ]c- a m- \ -µ -k z- c q- ] -\ m-b n-c n-¡ p-¶ p-thm,
 140

I At±lw Cu ]pcp-j-\n AXm-bXv a\p-jy-cnepw kqcy- amb Ahybw BIp-¶p. B alm-]p-cp-j³ ]d-bp-¶p. CXp K
\nepw H¶p-X- s¶- bm-Ip-¶p. AXm-bXv FÃm Pohn-I-fnepw hfsc BÝ-cy-I- c- amb kwK- Xn- bm- Ip-¶p. FÃm t`mK- h- kX v p-
A´- cym- an- bmbn hncm- Pn-¡p- ¶Xv Htc Hcp ]c- am-ßmhp Xs¶- ¡fpw Ahsb A\p-`-hn-¡p¶ Pohm-ßmhpw Ch c­n-
bm-Ip-¶p. hnhn-[-cq-]-§-fn At±-l¯ - nsâ {]Im-i\w t\bpw kwtbm-Pn-¸n-¡p¶ ]c-ta-iz-c\pw Rm³ Xs¶-bm-
kw`-hn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. bmsXmcp a\p-jy³ Cu XXzw Ip-¶p. Rm³ Xs¶ Cu {]Xy-£-ambn ImW-s¸-Sp¶ PK-
\¶mbn {Kln- ¡p- ¶pthm Ah³ hÀ¯-am\ ico- cs¯ Dt]- ¯n tZh-X-IÄ¡pw ap¼mbn FÃm-¯nepw {][m-\-ambn
£n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-taÂ, A¶-ab Bßm-hv, {]mW-a-b-B-ßm- {]Xy£amb {_Òhpw BIp-¶p. ]c-am-\-µk - z-cq-]-amb
hv, at\m-ab Bßm-hv, hnÚm-\a - b Bß-hv, B\-µa - b A ar- X - ¯ nsâ tI{µ- a mb ]c- { _- Ò - ] - c - t ai zc\pw
Bßmhv F¶o \ma-§-fm B ]c-am-\-µ-kz-cq-]-amb ]c- F¶nÂ\n¶pw `n¶- \m-bn-cn-¡p- ¶n-Ã. AXn-\m At±-lhpw
{_-Òs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Ch-sbÃmw {]m]n-¨n«v AXm-bXv Rm³ Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ GsX-¦nepw hkvXp-
Øqe-kq-£va-t`-Z-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn bmsXm¶v H¶nsâ A´- hnsâ cq]-¯n Fs¶ BÀs¡-¦nepw {]Zm\w sN¿p-
cm-ßm-hm-bn«v \m\m-cq-]-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p-Ibpw AJn- e- ¶pthm Ah³ Fs¶ sImSp-¯p-sIm-­p-Xs¶ Fs¶
¯n- sâbpw A´-cym-an-bmbn ]a-cm-\-µ-kz-cq-]a - m-bn-cn-¡p- c£n-¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv k ]m{X- ¯n-epÅ t`mKy-]-ZmÀ°-
¶pthm At±-ls¯ {]m]n-¨n«v a\p- jyÀ ]cym-]vX-amb t`mK- §- fpsS Zm\w- Xs¶ At±-ls¯ c£n-¡p- hm\pÅ kÀtÆm-
km- a-{Kn-I-fm bpàcpw CÑm-\p-k-c-W- apÅ cq]-§sf [cn- ¯-a-amb amÀ¤w CXn\p hn]-co-X-ambn bmsXm-cp-¯³ X\n-
¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ iàn-bm k¼-¶cpw Bbn-¯o-cp-¶p. ¡p-th-­n-¯s¶ A¶- cq-]-§-fmb FÃm hkvXp-¡-tfbpw
AtXm-Sp-Iq-Sn-¯s¶ Cu temI-§-fn Npän-Ê© - -cn-¨p- A\p`hn¡p-¶p-hthm Ahs\ Rm³ A¶-cq-]-am-bn«p hngp-
sIm­v ka-Xm-bp-à-amb `mh§tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb kma-Km\w §p-¶p. AXm-bXv Ahsâ hn\mi kw`-h n-¡ p¶p þ
Be-]n-¨p-sIm­p hkn-¡p-¶p. Ahsâ t`mK- h- kvXp- ¡Ä \ne- \n¡p- ¶n- Ã. Rm³ kakvX
{_Òm-WvU-t¯bpw Xnc-kvIc - n-¡p-¶-h-\m-Ip-¶p. Fsâ
kw_Ôw þ Ahsâ B\-µ-a-á-amb a\-Ên bmsXm¶v
aln-a-bpsS Xpe-\¯- n Ch-sbÃmw XpÑ-§-fm-Ip-¶p.
ka-X-bp-tSbpw kÀÆ-cq-]-X-bp-tSbpw `mhw DWÀ¯n-s¡m-
Fsâ {]Im-i-¯nsâ tei-am-{X-amb Hcp _nµp kqcy\p
­n-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXns\ hÀ®n-¡p-¶p.
Xpey-am-Ip-¶p. AXm-bXv {]]-©-¯n {]Im-i-bp-à-§-
lmhp lmhp lmhp. Al-a-¶-a-l-a-¶-a-l-a-¶w. fmb F{Xtbm hkvXp-¡-fp-­v. Ah-sbÃmw Xs¶ Fsâ
Al-a-¶mtZmla-¶mtZmlav\m-Zx. Alw tÇmI- tXP-Ênsâ Awi-am-Ip-¶p. bmsXm-cp¯³ C{]-Imcw ]c-
Ir-Zlw tÇmI-Ir-Zlw tÇmI-Ir-Xv. Al-akvan {]Y- am-ß- X-Xzs¯ {Kln-¡p-¶pthm Ah\pw CtX ØnXn-Xs¶
aPm EXmky. ]qÀÆw tZtht`ymarXky \m`m-bn. {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
tbm am ZZmXn k CtZ-h-am-hmx. Al-a-¶-a¶ aZ-´-
am-Zva n. Alw hnizw `ph\ a`y-` -hmw. kphÀ®
tPymXox. b Ghw thZw CXyp-]-\n-j-Xv. im´n-] mTw
B alm-]p-cp-jsâ ØnXn ico-c-¯n- em-bn-cn-¡p-¶n- Ã. Hmw iw t\m an{Xx iw hcp-Wx. iw t\m `h-Xz-
Ah³ ico-c-¯n \n¶pw Gähpw apI-fn-em-bp-bÀ¶v ]c- cy-am. iw \ Ct{µm _rl-kv]-Xnx. iw t\m hnjvWp-
am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. C¡mcyw BZy-ambn ]d-ªn«v cp- c p- { I- a x. \tam {_Ò- t W. \akv t X hmtbm
AXn- \ p- t ijw Cu kma- K m- \ s¯ hÀ®n- ¡ p- ¶ p. Xzmtah {]Xy£w {_Òm-hm-Zn-j w. EX-a-hmZnjw.
CXnÂ\n¶pw ]c-am-ßm-hn-t\m-Sp-IqSn sFIyw {]m]n-¨p-I- kXy-a-h m-Zn-j w. X·m-am-h o-X v. XZz-à mc amho-X v.
gnª alm-]p-cp-jsâ Cu ]mh-t\m-ZvKmcw Ahsâ hnip- Bho·mw Bho-Zz-àm-cw.
²-amb A´x-Ic - -W-¯n \n¶pw ]pd-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw
Hmw im´nx! im´nx !! im´nx !!!
AXnsâ Aeu-InI aln-asb kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶ -X p-amWv
F¶Xv {]I-S-am-Ip-¶p. "lmhp' F¶ ]Zw BÝ-cy-tZym-X- I- CXnsâ AÀ°w in£m-h-Ãn-bpsS ZzmZ- im- \p- hm- I-¯nÂ
sImSp-¯n-«p-­v.

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I K
1
tizXm-iz-Xtcm-]\
- n-j¯v 3

im´n-] mTw ØnXn-sN-bX

v n-cp¶p? \½psS ]c-a-amb B{ibw BcmWv?
AXp-t]mse \½psS A[n-jvTm-Xmhv þ \ap¡pÅ hyh-
Hmw kl \mh-h-Xp. kl \u `p\-àp. kl
ØIsfÃmw sNbvXp-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶Xv þ Bcv? bmsXm-cp-
hocyw Ic-hm-h-ssl. tXP-kzn-\m-h-[o-X-a-kvXp. am
¯-\m cNn-¡-s¸« hyh-ØIf\p-k-cn¨v \½sfÃmw
hnZznjm hssl.
kpJ-ZpxJ§f-\p-`h- n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. A§s\ Cu
Hmw im´nx ! im´nx !! im´nx !!! k¼qÀ® PK-¯nsâ kphy-hØ - -IÄ sNbvXp-sIm­v
CXns\ \bn-¨ p-s Im-­ n-c n- ¡ p¶ CXnsâ bP-a m- \ ³
tl ]c-am-ß³! Kpcp-in-j y-· m-c mb R§Ä c­p-
BcmWv?
t]À¡pw FÃm-{]-Im-c-¯n-e p-apÅ kwc-£Ww A§p
\ÂIn-bm-epw. R§Ä c­p-t]-cp-tSbpw ]cn-]m-e\w A§p 2. Imex kz`mthm \nb-XnÀb-ZrÑm
kap-Nn-X-a mb coXn-bn \S-¯n- bm-epw. R§Ä c­p- `qXm\n tbm\nx ]pcpj CXn Nn´ym
t]À¡pw FÃm-hn-[-¯n-ep-apÅ _ew kwkn-²-am-I-tW.
kwtbmK Gjmw \ Xzmß `mhmþ
A²y-b\w \S-¯n-bn-«pÅ R§-fpsS hnZy tXPx-]qÀ®-
ambn `hn-¡-tW. Hcn-¡epw BtcmSpw hnZy-bn ]cm-Pn-X- Zmßm-]y-\oix kpJZpxJ-tl-tXmx.
cm-Im-sXbpw Pohn-X-Imew apgp-h³ ]c-k]v -c-ktv \-l-kq-{X- thZ-im-k{v X- §-fn At\Iw Imc-W-§Ä hÀ®n-¨n-cn-
¯m _Ôn- X- cmbpw R§Ä hkn-¡-tW. R§Ä¡p ]c- ¡p¶p F¶v AhÀ ]d-bp-hm³ XpS-§ n. Nne-bn-S¯v
kv]-ctam A\y-cm-bn-«p-Å-h-tcmtSm Hcn-¡epw hntZzjw Imes¯ Imc-W-ambn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­-
D­m-Im-Xn-cn-¡-tW. tl ]c-am-ß³. aq¶p-Xm-]-§Ä¡pw ¶m Hmtcmtcm ka-b-§-fn-embn hkvXp-¡-fpsS DÛ-
im´n-bp-­m-¡tW! hs¯ I­p- sIm- ­n- cn-¡p- ¶p. Nne- bn-S¯v kz`mhs¯ Imc-
W-ambn ]d-bp¶p; F´p-sIm-s­-¶m _oP-¯n-\-\p-k-c-
W-am-b n-¯ s¶ hr£-¯ nsâ D¸-¯ n-b p-­ m-Ip-¶p.
{]Y-a m-² ymbw bmsXmcp hkvXp-hn bmsXm¶v kzm`m-hn-I-i-àn-bm-bn-cn-
lcnx Hmw {_Ò-hm-Znt\m hZ-´nþ ¡p-¶pthm AXnÂ\n¶pw AXnsâ Imcyhpw DÛ-hn-¡p-
¶-Xm-bn-¡-­p-h-cp-¶p. AXn-\m hkvXp-K-X-amb iàn-
1. Inw ImcWw {_Ò IpXxkva PmXm cq]w bmsXmcp kz`m-h-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXp-Im-c-Wa - m-
Pohma tI\ Iz N kw{]-XnjvTmx Ip¶p F¶v hyà-am-Ip-¶p. Nne-bn-S¯p IÀ½s¯ Imc-
A[n-jvTnXmx tI\ kptJ-X-tc-jp W-ambn ]d-bp-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m IÀ½m-\p-k-c-W-am-
hÀ¯m-atl {_Ò-hntZm hyhØmw. bn-¯s¶ Pohn-IÄ `n¶-§-fmb tbm\nIfn `n¶- §-fmb
kz`m-hm-Zn-I-fm bpà-cmbn P\n-¡p-¶p. Nne-bn-S¯v BI-
"lcnx Hmw' C{]-Imcw ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ \mtam-¨m-c-W- kvanI kw`-h-§sf AXm-bXp hn[nsb Imc-W-ambn ]d-
t¯mSpw B ]c-{_-Ò-]c - -ta-iz-csâ kvac-W-tbmSpw IqSn ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. Nne-bn-S¯p ]©-a-lm-`qX§tfbpw Nne-bn-
D]-\n-j¯v Bcw-`n-¡p¶p þ S¯p Pohm-ßm-hn-s\bpw PK-¯nsâ Imc-W-ambn hÀ®n-
]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hns\ Adn-bp-¶-Xn\pw {]m]n-¡p-¶- ¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m CXnsâ ImcWw BcmWv F¶p
Xn-\pw-th­n At±- l- s¯- ¸än NÀ¨ sNbvXp-sIm- ­n-cn-¡p¶ \ap¡p Nn´n-¡-Ww. Nn´n-¨- XnÂ\n¶pw a\-Ên-em-¡p-hm³
Ipd¨p PnPvRmkp-¡Ä ]c-k] v cw ]d-bp-hm³ XpS§n: "" km[n- ¡p- ¶Xv Imew apX ]©- a- lm-`q- X- §Ä hsc ]d- ªn-
AÃtbm thZ-Ú-cmb alÀjn-am-tc, Cu kakvX PK-¯n- cn-¡p¶ PU-]-ZmÀ°-§-sfm¶pw PK-¯nsâ Imc-W-am-Ip-
sâbpw ImcWw {_Ò-amsW¦n B {_lvaw GXmWv? ¶n-sÃ-¶m-Wv. AhÀ¡p {]tXyIw {]tXy-Ia - mtbm Iq«-
\½-s fÃmw BcnÂ\n¶pw DXv` hn¨p? \½psS aqew amtbm PK- ¯ nsâ Imc- W - a m- I p- h m³ km[y- a- Ã . F´p-sIm-
F´mWv? BcpsS {]`mhw sIm­v \mw Pohn-¨n-cn-¡p¶p? s­- ¶ m Ch- s bÃmw PU- h - k v X p- ¡ - f m- b- X p- a qew tNX-
\½psS Pohsâ B[mcw Bcm-Ip¶p? \½psS ]qÀ®- \¡[o\-am-Ip-¶p. Ch-bn kzX-{´- ambn {]hÀ¯n- ¡p-¶-
ØnXn F´n-emWv? AXm-bXv \mw Pohn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-ap¼v þ Xn-\pÅ iàn-bn-Ã. bmsXmcp PU-hk - X v p¡fpsS kwtbm-
`qX-Im-e¯- n DÛ-hn-¨-Xn-\p-tijw þ hÀ¯-am-\-Im-e- K- ¯ nÂ\n¶pw ]pXn-
b - X mbn Hcp hkv X p D­m-Ip-¶pthm
¯nepw AXn-\p-ti-jhpw þ {]f-b-Im-e -¯n Bcn AXv AXnsâ k©m- e - I - t N- \ - X - b mb Bßm- hnsâ Xs¶

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I A[o-\-¯n-ep-ÅXpw A\p-`-hn-¡m-\p-Å-Xp-am-Ip-¶p. CXn-s\- aqetam B[m-ctam BIp-¶p. N{I-¯nsâ kpc£nX-Xz-¯Kn-

¡q-SmsX ]pcp-j³ AXm-bXv Pohm-ßmhv PK-¯nsâ Imc- \p-th­n AXn-t·Â teml-h-fbw Dd-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-
W-am-Ip-¶n- Ã. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m AXp kpJ-Zpx-J-§-fpsS t]mse Cu Ahy-à-{]-Ir-Xn-cq-]-am-Ip¶ hf-b-¯n-t·Â
tlXp-`q-X-§- fmb {]mc- _v[§Ä¡[o- \- am- Wv. AXn\pw kzX- kXzw, cPÊv XaÊv þ Cu aq¶p KpW-§Ä Xs¶ aq¶p
{´-ambn H¶pw sN¿p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶n-Ã. AXn-\m Imc- hf-b-§-f m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. `K-hmsâ ANn-´y-iàn aq¶p
W-XXzw asät´m BWv. KpW-§-fm ad- bv¡-s¸-«n- cn- ¡p¶p F¶v t\cs¯ ]d-ªp-
I-gn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. N{I-¯nsâ hfbw {]tXyIw {]tXyIw
kw_Ôw þ C{]- Imcw Nn´n-¨n«v AhÀ F´p-Xo-cp-am- \n¨p?
`mK-§-fmbn tNÀ¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-se-Xs¶ kwkm-c-
CtX-¸än ]d-bp¶p þ
cq]am-Ip¶ N{I-¯nsâ {]Ir-Xn-cq-]-am-Ip¶ hf-b-¯nÂ
3. tX [ym\-tbm-Km-\p-KXm A]-iy³ a\-Êv, _p²n, Al¦mcw, AXp-t]mse BIm-iw, hmbp,
tZhm-ß-iànw kzKp-ssWÀ \nÀKpVmw tXP-Êv, Pew, `qan þ F¶o F«p kq£va-X-Xz-§fpw Ch-
bx Imc-Wm\n \nJn-em\n Xm\n bp-sS-Xs¶ F«p Øqe-cq-]-§fpw þ C{]-Imcw ]Xn-\m-dp-`m-
K-§-fp-­v. AXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ F{]-Imcw N{I-¯n Imep-
Imem- ßbpàm\y[nXn-j vT-tXy-Ix.
IÄ LSn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXm-bXv bmsXm¶v Hcp `mK-
C{]-Imcw Nn´n-¨X - n-\p-ti-jhpw bpàn-bmepw A\p- ¯p-\n¶v hf-b-¯nsâ Hcp `mK¯p LSn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw adp-
am-\-¯mepw AhÀ¡v Hcp Xocp-am-\¯ - n-se-¯n-¨-cp-hm³ `mKw N{I-¯nsâ IpS-¯n LSn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-
km[n-¡msX h¶-t¸mÄ Ah-scÃmw [ym\-tbm-K-¯n ¡p-¶p-hthm AtX- {]-Im-cw-Xs¶ Cu kwkm-c-N-{I-¯nÂ
ØnX-cmbn AXm-bXv X§-fpsS a\-Ên-t\bpw C{µn-b§ - - A´x-Ic - -W-¯nsâ hr¯n- I- fm-Ip¶ A³]-Xn-\-§Ä¡p
tfbpw _mly-hn-j-b-§-fn \n¶pw ]n·män ]c-{_-Òs¯ A³]Xp Imep-I-fpsS Øm\-§fpw ]©-a-lm-`q-X-§-fpsS
Adn-bp-¶-Xn\v At±-l-s¯- ¯s¶ Nn´n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xn Imcyw þ ]¯n-{µn-b-§fpw ]©hn-j-b-§fpw ]©{]m-
X¸- c-cm- bn- ¯oÀ¶p. [ym\n¨p [ym\n¨v AhÀ¡v ]c-am-ßm- W\pw þ Cu Ccp-]Xp klm-b-Im-ep-If - psS Øm\-§fpw
hnsâ aln-a-bpsS A\p-`hw D­m-bn. AhÀ ]c-a-tZ-h-\mb BIp-¶p. Cu N{I-¯n Fs««p hoX-apÅ km[-\-§-tfm-
]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-csâ kzcq-]-`q-X-amb ANn-´y-Znhyiàn- Sp-Iq-Snb Bdp kaq-l-§Ä Ah-b-h-cq-]-¯n hncm-Pn-¡p-
bpsS km£m-Xv¡mcw {]m]n-¨p. bmsXm¶v X³tdXmb ¶p. Ch Bsd«v F¶ t]cn hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Pohn-Isf
KpW-§-fm kXz-c-Pkv Xa-Êp-I-fm ad-bs - ¸-«n-cn-¡p- Cu N{I-¯n _Ôn-¨n-Sp-¶-Xmbn At\-Ic - q-]-¯n {]I-
¶pthm AXm-bXv ImgvNbv¡p {XnKp-Wa - m-bn-«m-sW¦nepw S-am-Ip¶ Bk-àn-cq-]-¯n- epÅ Hcp Xq¡p-a-c-ap-­v. tZh-
hmkvX-h-¯n {XnKp-W§ - Ä¡pw AXo-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. bm- \w, ]nXr-bm- \w, Cu temI-¯n Hcp tbm\nbn \n¶pw
At¸mÄ AhÀ Imew apX Bßm-hp-hsc F{Xtbm Imc- asämcp tbm\n-bn-te¡p t]mIp-¶-Xn-\pÅ amÀ¤w C{]-Im-c-
W-§Ä ap³]p ]d-ªn-cp-¶p-thm, B FÃm Imc-W-§-fp- apÅ aq¶p-amÀ¤-§-fp-­v. ]pWy-IÀ½-§fpw ]m]-IÀ½-
tSbpw A[n-jvTm- Xmhp bmsXm-cp-¯-\m-Ip-¶pthm AXm-bXv §fpw Cu Pohn-Isf Cu N{It¯m-Sp-IqSn Id-¡p-¶-Xn-
Ah- sbÃmw BcpsS BÚbpw t{]c- Wbpw aqew bmsXm- \pÅ \nan-¯-§fpw AXn Imep-IÄ Dd-¨p-\n¡p¶
cp-¯sâ iàn-bpsS GtXm Aev]mwiw sIm­v Xm´m- \m`n AYhm IpSw AÚm-\hpw BIp-¶p. Cu IpSw N{I-
§-fpsS IÀ½- §-sf A\p-jT v n-¡p-¶-Xn kaÀ°-cm-bn-cn- ¯nsâ tI{µ-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-se-Xs¶ AÚm\w Cu
¡p-¶pthm B GI-kÀÆ-i-àn-am-\mb ]c-ta-iz-c³Xs¶ temI-¯nsâ tI{µhpw BIp-¶p.
Cu PK-¯nsâ hmkvX-hnI Imc-W-am-Ip-¶p. aäp bmsXm-
5. ]©-kvtdmtXmw_pw ]©-tbm-\y-{K-h{Imw
cp-¯-\p-aà F¶pÅ Xocp-am-\-¯n Ah-sc-¯n-t¨À¶p.
]©-{]m-tWmÀanw ]©-_p-²ym-Zn-aqemw
4. Xta-I-t\aow {XnhrXw tjmUim´w
]©m-hÀ¯mw ]©-Z px-Ju-L-thKmw
iXmÀ[mcw hnwi-Xn-{]-Xy-cm-`nx.
]©m-iZvt`Zmw ]©]ÀÆm-a-[o-ax.
AjvS ssIx jUv`nÀhn-iz-cq-ss]-I]miw
Cu a{´-¯n kwkm-cs¯ \Zn-bpsS cq]-¯nÂ
{XnamÀK-t`Zw Zzna-\n-an-ss¯-I-tam-lw.
hÀ®n-¨n- cn-¡p-¶p. {_Ò- Úm-\n-I-fmb B alÀjn-amÀ ]d-
Cu a{´-¯n hnizs¯ N{I-cq-]¯ - n hÀ®n-¨n-cn- bp¶p þ A©p Úmt\-{µn-b-§f - m-Ip¶ t{kmX-tÊm-Sp-Iq-
¡p-¶p. ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-ta-iz-csâ kzcq-]-`q-X- amb ANn-´y-i- Snb \Znsb R§Ä I­p- sIm- ­n-cn-¡p-¶p. {]]-©-¯nsâ
ànsb ZÀin-¨n-«pÅ Ejn-amÀ ]d-bp¶p þ R§Ä Hcp h-f- PvRm\w A©p Úmt\-{µnb§Ä h-gn-bmbn R§Ä¡p
b-¯n Dd-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p¶ N{Is¯ I­p. Cu hf-b-¯n e`n-¡p-¶p. Ch-bnÂIq-Sn-¯s¶ {]]©w {]h-ln-¨p-sIm-
B N{I-¯ nsâ Imep-I fw IShpw Dd-¸ n-¡ p-h m\pw ­n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m C{µnb§sf ChnsS t{kmXÊv
N{Is¯ bYm-Øm-\¯p LSn-¸n-¡p-hm\pw km[n-¡p-¶p. F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Cu C{µ-b§Ä A©p kq£va`qX-§-
ChnsS Ahy-à {]Ir-Xnsb hfbw F¶p ]d-bp¶p; F´p- fm \nÀ½n-¡-s¸-«-h-bm-Wv. CXn-\m Cu \Zn¡v A©v
sIm-s­- ¶m AXp-Xs¶ Cu hyà-amb {]]-©-¯nsâ DZvK-a-Øm-\-§Ä Ds­¶p Icp-X-s¸-Sp-¶p. Cu \Zn-bpsS

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I {]hmlw hfsc `b-¦-c-am-Ip-¶p. Cu {]hm-l¯

- n ]Xn- §Ä¡\p-k-c- W- ambn B ]c- am- ßm- hn-\m Id- ¡- s¸- «p- sIm- K
¡p-¶-Xp-sIm­p IqsS-¡qsS P\-\-a-c-W-t¢-i-§sf A\p- ­n- cn-¡p-¶-Xp-am-Ip-¶p. Cu Pohm-ßmhv Xsâ k©m-e- I\p
`-hn-t¡­n hcp-¶p. temI-¯nsâ KXn Gähpw h{I-X-tbm- a\-Ên-em¡n At±-l-¯nsâ Ir]m-]m-{X-am-bn-¯o-cm-Xn-cn-¡p-
Sp-Iq-Sn-b-XmWv; Im]-Sy-§Ä \ndªXm-Wv. CXnÂ\n¶pw ¶-Xp-hs - cbpw Xs¶-¯s¶ At±-l-¯nsâ {]nb-\m-¡n-
c£-s¸-SpI hfsc {]bm-k-ta-dnb Imcy-am-Wv. AXn-\m ¯oÀ¡p-¶-Xp-h-scbpw CXn\v Cu N{I-¯n \n¶pw
Cu kwkm-c-cq-]a - m-Ip¶ \Znsb h{IX F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. tamN\w t\Sp-h m³ km[-¡ p-¶ n-Ã . Cu Pohm-ß mhv
{]]-©-Po-hn-I-fn kw`-hn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡¶ tNjvSIfpw Xsâbpw FÃm-¯n-tâbpw t{]c-I-\mb ]c-am-ßmhns\
Ne-\ -§ fpw {]mW³aqew kw`-hn-¡p-¶ p. AXn-\m \¶mbpw {]tXyIw {]tXy- I-ambpw a\-Ên-em- ¡p- Ibpw At±-
{]mWs\ `h-k-cn-¯nsâ Xcw-K-am-e-I-tfm-Sp-]- an-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. l-¯nsâ Id-¡ÂsIm­v Rm³ Cu kwkm-cN - {- I-¯nÂ
\Zn-bnse tImfn-f¡w Xcw-K-§-fm kw`-hn-¡p-¶p. ]©- Id-§n-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p¶p F¶pw At±-l-¯nsâ Ir]-bmÂ
Úm-t\-{µnbZzmcm kw`-hn-¡ p¶ Nm£pjmZn A©p Xs¶ tamNn-¡-s¸-Sp-hm³ km[n-¡p-sa¶pw a\-Ên-em-¡p-
{]Imc§fn-epÅ Úm\-§-fp-tSbpw BZn-Im-cWw a\-Êm- Ibpw sN¿pt¼mÄ ]c-ta-iz-csâ {]nb-\m-bn«v At±-l-
Ip-¶p. FÃm Úm\-§fpw a\-Ênsâ hr¯n-IÄ Xs¶- ¯m kzoIm- cy- \mbn `hn-¡p-¶p. ]ns¶ Aa- c- Xzs¯ {]m]n-
bm-Ip-¶p. a\-Êp-­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶n-sÃ-¦n C{µ-b-§Ä F{X- ¡p-I bpw P\-\-a -c -W-c q-] -am-Ip¶ kwkm-c-N -{I-¯nÂ
am{Xw {ian-¨mepw bmsXm-cp- hn-[-¯n- ep-apÅ Úm\w {]m]n- \n¶pw Fs¶-t¶-b¡ v p-ambn tamN\w t\Sp-Ibpw ]caim
¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶-X- Ã. Cu a\Êv kwkm-c-cq-]-am-Ip¶ ´n-tbbpw AXp-t]m-s e-X s¶ k\m-X -\ -Zn-hy-]-c-a -[ m-a-
\Zn-bpsS aqe-am-Ip-¶p. a\Êv im´n-bSªm þ \in- s¯bpw {]m]n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
¨pIgnªm Cu {]]©¯nsâ AkvXnXzw Cu cq]-
7. DZvKo-X-ta-XXv ]caw Xp {_Ò
¯n \ne-\n¡p-¶n-Ã. a\Êv \ne-\n¡p-¶-Xp-hsc
kwkm-c-N{- Ihpw \ne-\n¡p-¶p. C{µn-b§ - -fpsS i_vZw, Xkvanw kv{Xbw kp{]-Xn-jvTm-£cw N.
kv]Àiw apX-emb A©p-hn-j-b-§ÄXs¶ Cu kwkm-c- A{Xm-´cw {_Ò-hntZm hnZnXzm
cq-]-am-Ip¶ \Zn-bnse Npgn-I-fm-Ip-¶p. CXn AI-s¸«v eo\m {_ÒWn XXv]cm tbm\n-apàmx
Pohn-IÄ P\-\a - -cW N{I-¯n ]Xn-¡p-¶p. KÀ`-th-Z-\,
bmsXm-¶n³sd alna thZ§fn Km\w sN¿-s¸-«n-cn-
P\-\Z- px-Jw, hmÀ²y-Iy-¯nsâ thZ-\, tcmKw-aq-ea - pÅ
¡p-¶pthm bmsXmcp ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ß mhv AJn-e -
ZpJw, ac-W-`bw þ Cu A©n-\¯ - n- epÅ ZpxJ-§ÄXs¶
¯nsâbpw kÀtÆm-¯-a-amb B{ib-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm
Cu \Zn-bnse {]hm-l-¯nsâ thK-X-bm-Ip-¶p. Ch-bpsS
At±-l-¯n¯s¶ {XntemI§fp-tSbpw kap-Zm-b-cq-]-am-
Xtem-SÂsIm­v Pohn-IÄ hymIp-e-cm-Ip-Ibpw Cu tbm\n-
Ip¶ kakvX hnizhpw kvYnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. At±lw Xs¶
bnÂ\n¶v asämcp tbm\n-bn-te¡v Ae-ªp-\-S-¡p-Ibpw
apI-fn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶ kI-e-¯n-sâbpw t{]c-I\pw Hcn-
sN¿p-¶p. AÚm-\w, Al¦mcw, cmKw, tZzjw, arXyp-
¡epw \mi-an-Ãm¯ ]c-am-£- c\pw ]c-a-tZ-h\pw BIp-¶p.
`bw þ Cu A©p-hn-[-¯n-epÅ t¢i-§Ä Cu kwkm-c-cq-
bmsXm-cp-¯³ [ym\-tbm-K- ¯n ØnX- cm-bn«p ]c-am-ßm-
]-\-Zn-bpsS A©p-hn-`m-K-§ -fm-Ip-¶p. CXp-t]mse Xs¶
hnsâ Znhyiànsb ZÀin-¡p- Ibpw thZ-c-l-kys¯ {Kln-
A©p-hn-`m-K-§-fn-embn Cu {]]-©hpw hn`-Pn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-
¡p-I bpw sNbvX n-c p-¶ pthm B alÀjn-a mÀ FÃm-
¡p-¶p. Cu A©n-sâbpw Iq«w-Xs¶ kwkm-c-¯nsâ
¯n³sdbpw t{]c- I- \mb B ]c-am- ßm- hns\ X§fpsS lrZ-
kzcq-]hpw A´x-Ic - -W-¯nsâ A\-]X - p-hr-¯n-IÄ Cu
b-§-fn A´-cym-an-bmb cq]-t¯m-Sp-IqSn hncm-Pn-¡p¶p
\Zn- b psS A³]Xp cq]- § fpw BIp- ¶ p. A´x- I -
F¶p a\-Ên-em-¡n, At±-l-¯n Bk-à-cmb At±-l-
cW¯nsâ hr¯n-Isf FSp-¯p-sIm-­p-Xs¶ kwkm-c-
¯n eo\-cmbn Fs¶-t¶bv¡pw P·-a-c-W tbm\n-I-
¯nsâ t`Z-§sf a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p.
fnÂ\n¶pw apà-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah-cpsS amÀ¤s¯ A\p-
6. kÀhm-PotÆ kÀÆ-kwtØ _rlt´ I-cn¨v \ap-s¡-Ãm-hÀ¡pw Ah-sc-t¸mse P\-\a - -c-W§ - -
Akvan³ lwtkm {`maytX {_Ò-Nt{I fnÂ\n¶p tamN\w {]m]n- ¨ n«v ]c- am- ßm- hn eo\- c m- I p- hm³
]rY-Km-ßm\w t{]cn-Xmcw N aXzm Ign-bp-¶p.

PpjvS -kvX -X -k vtX-\ m-ar-X-Xz-ta-X n. kw_Ôw þ C\n B ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ kzcq-]s¯ hÀ®n-

¨n«v At±-ls¯ Adn-bp-¶-Xp-sIm-­p-­m-Ip¶ ^ew hnh-
bmsXm- ¶ ns\ t\cs¯ hÀ®n- ¨ p- I - g n- ª pthm
cn-¡p¶p þ
bmsXm¶v AJn- e¯ - n- sâbpw Poh-\-\nÀÆ-l-W-¯nsâ
tlXp-hm-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm¶v kakvX Pohn-I-fp- 8. kwbp-à-ta-XXv £c-a-£cw N
sSbpw B{i-b-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm. A§-s\-bpÅ P-KZv cq]- hyàm-hyàw `ctX hniz-aoix
am-Ip¶ {_Ò-N-{I-¯n ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-am-ßm-hn-\m \S-¯- A\oiÝmßm _[ytX t`màr-`m-hm-Pvþ
s¸-Sp-¶Xpw ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ Xs¶-bmb hncmSv icoc-cq-]-
ÚmXzm tZhw apNytX kÀÆ-]m-ssix.
am-Ip¶ kwkm-c-N-{I-¯n Cu Pohm-ßmhv Xsâ IÀ½-

N P
 144
I hn\mi kz`m- h- t¯m- Sp- Iq-Snb PU-hÀ¤w `K- hmsâ A]-
cm-{]-Ir-Xn-sb¶pw £c-X-Xz-sa¶pw ]d-bs - ¸-Sp-Ibpw `K-
hmsâ ]cm-{]-Ir-Xn-cq-]-amb Poh-k-ap-Zmbw A£-c-X-Xz-
¯nsâ \ma-t¯m-Sp-IqSn hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ch
c­ntâbpw kwtbm-K-¯nÂ\n-¶p-­mb {]I-Shpw (Øq-
ew) A{]-I-S-hpw (kq-£vaw)-amb cq]-¯n ØnX- amb Cu
PK-¯ns\ B ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-a³ Xs¶ ]cn-]m-en-
¡p-¶-h\pw kzmanbpw t{]c-I\pw AXp-t]mse FÃm-¯n-
s\bpw bYmtbmKyw Nen-¸n-¡p-¶-h\pw \nb-{´n-¡p-¶-h-
\p-amb ]c-ta-iz-c-\m-Ip-¶p. Pohm-ßmhv Cu PK-¯nsâ
hnj-b-§-fpsS t`màm-hm-bn-cn-¡-¶-Xp-Im-cWw {]Ir-Xn-¡-
[o-\-amb CXnsâ taml-Pm-e-§-fn Ipcp-§n-¡-gn-bp-Ibpw
]c-a-tZ-h-\mb ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ t\tc ZrjvSn-bp-bÀ¯m-sX-
bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. Hcp-h³ B kÀÆ kplr-¯mb
]c-am-ßm-hnsâ Assl-Xp-I-amb Zb-bm alm-]p-cp-j-·m-
cpsS _Ôw e`n-¨n«v At±-ls¯ Adn-bp-¶-Xn-\pÅ A`n-
em-j-t¯m-Sp-IqSn ]qÀ®-ambn ]cn-{i-an-¡pt¼mÄ B ]c-a-
tZ-h -\ mb ]c-t a- i z- c s\ Adn-ª n«v FÃm _Ô- § -
fnÂ\n¶pw \nXy-ambn c£s¸-Sp-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ ho­pw Pohm-ßmhv, ]c-am-ßm-hv, {]IrXn Cu
aq¶n³sdbpw kzcq-]s¯ {]tXyIw {]tXyIw hÀ®n-¨n-
«v, Cu XXzs¯ {Kln¨v D]m-kn-¡p-¶-Xp-sIm­pÅ ^ew
ASp¯ c­p a{´-§-fn-embn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p.
9. ÚmÚu Zzmhm-ho-i-\o-imþ
hPm tlyIm t`màr-t`m-KymÀ°-bp-àm.
A\´Ýmßm hniz-cqt]m lyIÀ¯m
{Xbw bZm-hn-µtX {_Ò-ta-XX
- v.
Cuiz-c³ kÀÆ-Ú\pw kÀÆ-i-àn-am\pw BIp¶p;
Pohn-IÄ Aev]-Úcpw Aev]iàn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bhcpw
BIp-¶p, Ch c­pw AP-·m-¡-fm-Wv. Ch-sb-¡q-SmsX
aq¶m-a-sXmcp iànbpw AP-·m-hm-bp-­v. AXns\ {]Ir-
Xn- sb¶p ]d-bp- ¶p. CXv t`màm-hmb Pohm-ßm- hn-\p- th­
FÃm t`mKy-]-ZmÀ°-§-tfbpw X¿m- dm-¡n-s¡m-­n-cn- ¡p-¶p.
Cu aq¶pw AP-·m-¡-fm-bn-¯-s¶-bn-cn-¡p¶p; A\m-Zn-bm-
bn-cn-¡p-¶p. F¶n-cp-¶mepw Cuiz-c³ aäp c­p XXz-§-
tf-bpw-ImÄ t{ijvT-\m-Ip-¶p; F´p-sIm-s­-¶m B ]c-
am-ßmhv A´- c- ln- X-\m-¡p-¶p. ]qÀ®-amb Cu hnizw At±-
l-¯nsâ kzcq]w Xs¶- bmWv; hncmSv icocw Xs¶- bm-Ip-
¶p. At±lw FÃmw {]hÀ¯n-¨p-sIm­v ]qÀ®-P-K-¯nsâ
cN-\bpw ]me-\hpw kwlm-chpw \S-¯p-¶p. F¶mÂ
hmkv X - h - ¯ n H¶pw Xs¶ sN¿p- ¶ n- à . F ´p-
sIms­¶m At±lw IÀ¯mhv F¶ Al-¦ m- c -
¯nÂ\n¶pw cln-X-\m-Ip-¶p. a\p-jy³ C{]-Imcw Cu
aq¶n-sâbpw Akm-[m-c-W-Xz-t¯bpw hn`n-¶-X- tbbpw a\-
Ên-em-¡n-¯s¶ At±-ls¯ {_Ò-cq- ]-¯n {]m]n¨v Cu
{]Ir-Xnbpw Pohn-Ifpw Cu ]c-ta-iz-csâ {]Ir-Xnbpw ]c-
ta-iz-c³ Ch-bpsS bP-am-\\pw BsW¶v {]Xy-£-ambn
N P
{Kln-¡p-t¼mÄ, FÃm _Ô-§-fnÂ\n¶pwAh³ hnap-à-
K
\m-bn-¯o-cp- ¶p.
kw_Ôw þ ap³]-d-ªn-cn-¡p¶ a{´- §-fnse aq¶p XXz-
§-fp-tSbpw hni-Zo-I-cWw ASp¯ a{´- ¯n hyà-am-¡n-
bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
10. £cw {][m-\-a-ar-Xm-£cw lcx
£cm-ßm-\m-ho-itX tZh GIx.
Xkym-`n-[ym-\mZv tbmP-\mXv XXz-`m-hmZv
`qb-Ýmt´ hniz-am-bm-\n-hr-¯nx.
{]Ir-Xn-bm-Is« £cw AXm-bXv ]cn-hÀ¯-\-t¯m- Sp-Iq-
Sn- bXpw hn\m- i-kz-`m-h-t¯m- Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw BIp-¶p. CXnsâ
t`màm-hmb Poh-k-ap-Zmbw Ahn-\m-ikz`mh-t¯m-Sp-Iq-
Snb A£-c-X-Xz-hp-am-Ip-¶p. Cu £chpw A£-chpw (P-
U-{]-Ir-Xnbpw tNX-\m-Po-h-k-ap-Zm-b-hpw), c­n-s\bpw XXz-
¯n GI-\mb ]c-a-tZ-h-\mb ]c-ta-iz-c³ `cWw \S-¯p-
¶p. At±lw Xs¶ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw Adn-bp-¶-Xn\pw
tbmKy-\m-Ip-¶p. At±-ls¯ XXz-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sbn {Kln-
¡Ww þ C{]-Imcw ZrV-\n-Ýbw sNbvXn«v B ]c-am-ßm-
hns\ \nc- ´cw [ym\n- ¡p- ¶-Xp-sIm-­v, cmhpw ]Iepw At±-
l-¯nÂXs¶ kwe-á-ambn hkn-¡p-¶-Xp-sIm-­v, At±-l-
¯n¯s¶ X·-bo- `-hn- ¡p-¶- Xp-sIm-­v, Ah-km\w At±-
l- s ¯-¯ s¶ {]m]n-¡ p-¶ p. ]ns¶ CXnsâ FÃm
ambIÄ¡pw ]qÀ®-amb \nhr-¯n-bp-­m-Ip-¶p. AXm-bXv
ambm-a-ba - mb Cu PK-¯nÂ\n¶pw CXnsâ kw_Ôw
]qÀ®-ambpw hntÑ-Zn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ ]c-{_-Òs¯ Adn-bp-¶-Xp-sIm-­pÅ ^ew
ho­pw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p.
11. ÚmXzm tZhw kÀÆ-]m-im-]-lm\nx
£ossWx t¢ssiÀP-·-arXyp {]lmWnx
Xkym`n[ym\mXv XrXobw tZlt`tZ
hnssizizcyw tIhe B]vXI
- m-ax.
]c-a-]p-cp-j-\mb ]c-am-ß m-hns\ [ym\n¨p [ym\n¨p
km[-I³ B ]c-a-tZ-hs\ a\-Ên-em-¡pt¼mÄ Ahsâ
kakvX _Ô-\§ - fpw \nXy-ambn kÀÆYm \in-¨p-t]m-
Ip¶p; F´p-sIm-s­-¶m Ahn-Zy, cmKw, Al-¦m-cw,
tZzjw-, ac-W-`bw þ Cu A©pt¢-i-§-fp-tSbpw hn\miw
kw`-h n-¡ p-¶ -X p-I m-c Ww Ahsâ P\-\ -a -c -W -§ -f psS
A`mhw F¶- t¯bv¡pw kw`-hn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m Ah³
]n¶o-sSm-cn-¡epw Cu _Ô-\-§-fn AI-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. Cu
ico-c¯- nsâ \miw kw`-hn-¨p-I-gn-ªm Ah³ XrXo-b-
tem-I¯ - nsâ AXm-bXv kzÀ¤-¯nsâ Gähpw DbÀ¶
Øm\-a mb {_Ò-temIw hsc-b pÅ Gähpw henb
sFizcy-§sf XyPn-¨n«v {]Ir-Xn-bnÂ\n¶pw hnbp-àhpw
kÀÆYm hnip-²-hp-amb ssIh-ey-]-Zs¯ {]m]n¨v ]qÀ®-
Im-a-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah\p bmsXm-cp-hn- [-¯n-ep-apÅ A`n-
 145
I em-j-§Ä D­m-Ip-¶n-Ã. F´p-sIm-­s -¶m Ah³ FÃm
A`n-em-j-§-fp-tSbpw ^ew {]m]n-¨p-I-gn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ Adn-bp-hm³ tbmKy-amb XXzs¯ ho­pw
hÀ®n-¡p-¶p.
12. GXPv PvtRbw \nXy-ta-hm-ß-kwØw
\mXx ]cw thZn-Xhyw ln InwNn-Xv.
t`màm t`mKyw t{]cn-Xmcw N aXzm
kÀÆw t{]màw {Xnhn[w {_Ò-ta-XX - v.
Cu ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-a³ Xsâ Xs¶ lrZ-b-
¯n A´-cym-an-bmb cq]-¯n hkn-¡p-¶p. CXns\
Adn-bp-¶-Xn\v shfn-bn-se§pw t]mtI-­-Xmb Bhiyan-
Ã. Ct±-ls¯ Adn-bp-¶-Xn\v Ft¸mgpw ]cn-{i-an-¡-Ww.
F´p-sIm-s­-¶m Ct±-l-¯n-\p-]-cn-bmbn Adn-bp-¶-Xn-
\pÅ asämcp hkvXp-hp-an-Ã. Cu GIs¯ Adn-bp-¶-Xp-
sIm-­p-Xs¶ FÃm Úm\§fpw D­m-Ip-¶p. Ct±lw
Xs¶ FÃm-¯n-sâbpw Imc- Whpw ]c- am- [m-chpw BIp-¶p.
a\p- jy³ t`màmhpw (Po- hm- ßm-hv) t`mKy (P-U-h-kvXp)hpw
BIp-¶p. Cu c­n-sâbpw t{]c-I\mb Cuiz-cs\ Adn-
bpt¼mÄ FÃmw a\-Ên-em-¡p- ¶p. ]ns¶ bmsXm¶pw Adn-
tb-­-Xm-bn-«-h-ti-jn-¡p-¶n-Ã. bmsXm-cp-¯sâ Cu aq¶p
t`Z-§-tfbpw hnh-cn- ¨n-cn-¡p-¶pthm Ah Xs¶ ka-{K-amb
{_Ò-am-Ip-¶p. AXm-bXv PU-{]-Ir-Xnbpw tNX-\m-ßmhpw
Ah c­nsâbpw B[m-chpw \nbm-a -I-\p-amb ]c-am-
ßmhpw Ch aq¶pw {_Ò-¯nsâ cq]-§Ä Xs¶- bm- Ip-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ ]d-b-s¸« tÚb- X- Xzs¯ Adn- bp¶Xn\pÅ cn-¡p-¶p. F{]-Imcw AXm-Xp-Øm-\-§-fn Hfn-ªn-cn-
D]m-bs¯ hnh-cn-¡p¶p þ
13. hlvt\ÀbYm tbm\n-K-Xky aqÀ¯nÀþ
\ ZriytX ss\h N enMvK-\mix
k `qb Gth-Ô-\-tbm\n Krly
kvXtZzm-`bw ssh {]W-th\ tZtl.
F{]-Imcw Xsâ tbm\n AXm-bXv {]I-S-am-bn-«pÅ
Øm\-hn-ti-j-amb CÔ-\§ - -fn ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ Aán-
bpsS cq]w-t]mse ImW-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. F¶m C¡m-c-W-
¯m Aán-bn-söp Icp-Xp-¶n-Ã. F¶m C¡m-c-W-
¯m Aán-bnsöp Icp-Xp-¶n-Ã. XoÀ¨-bmbpw AXp-
s­¶p AwKo- I-cn-¨p- sIm­v AcWn (D-c¨p Xobp- ­m- ¡p¶
XSn-¡-j-W-§Ä) aY\w sNbvXp-Ig- n-bpt¼mÄ CÔ-\-cq-]-
am-Ip¶ Xsâ Øm\-¯p-\n¶v AXn\p ho­pw Pzen-¨p-b-
cp-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p. AXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ D]-cy-à-amb Pohm-
ßmhpw ]c-am-ß mhpw lrZ-b-c q-]-am-Ip¶p. X§fpsS
Øm\¯v Hfn¨p-h -k n-¨ n«v {]Xy-£ -s¸-S m-X n-c n-¡ p-¶ p. kÀÆ{X
F¶m "Hmw' F¶pÅ P]w hgn-bmbn km[\ sNbvXp-I-
gn-ªm icoc-¯n¯s¶ CXnsâ km£m-Xv¡mcw a\-Ê n-e m-¡ p-¶ p. "At±lw Xs¶-b m- I p¶p D]- \ n-j -
D­m-Ip-¶p.
N P
14. kztZ-l-a-cWnw IrXzm {]Whw K
tNm¯-cm-c- Wnw.
[ym\-\nÀa-Y-\m-`ym-kmZv tZhw
]tiy-¶n-Kq-V-h-Xv.
Aánsb {]I-S-am-¡p-¶-Xn\p c­v Ac-Wn-¯-Sn-Isf
Iq«n-bp-c-b¡
v p-¶-Xp-t]m-se-Xs¶ Xsâ ico-c-¯n ]c-a-]p-
cp- j-\mb ]c- am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p- ¶-Xn-\p- th­n ico- cs¯
ASn-bn shbv¡-s¸-Sp¶ XSn-bm¡n amäp-Ibpw Hm¦m-
cs¯ apI-fnse XSn-bmbn amäp-Ibpw thWw. AXm-bXv
ico-cs¯ ASn-¯- Sn-bmbn kz`m-h-t¯m-Sp-IqSn \nÝ-e-am- ¡n-
s¡m­p apI-fn-es¯ XSn-¡p-Xpeyw HmwIm-cs¯ i_vZw
hgn-bmbn P]n- ¡p-Ibpw a\-Êm AXnsâ AÀ°- cq-]- amb
]a-cm-ßm-hns\ \nc-´cw Nn´n-¡p-Ibpw thWw. C{]-Im-c-
apÅ Cu aY-\c - q-]-am-Ip¶ [ym\-kz-cq-]m-`ym-k-¯mÂ
km[I³ hnd-In Hfnªn-cn-¡p¶ Aán-¡p-Xpeyw Xsâ
lrZ-b-¯n Hfnªn-c n-¡ p¶ ]c-a -tZh ]c-ta-iz-c s\
HmÀ¡Ww þ {]Xy-£-am-¡-Ww.
15. Xntejp ssXew Z[-\oh kÀ¸nþ
cm]x kvtdmXx kzc-Wojp Nmánx
Gh-a mßmß\n KrlytXku
ktXy-ss\\w X]km tbm\p ]iy-Xn.
F{]-Imcw FÅn F®bpw ssXcn sh®bpw DW-
§n- h c
- ­ \Zn-bpsS DÅn-epÅ Dd-hn Pehpw Ac-Wn-¯-
Sn- bn Aánbpw Hfnªn- cn-¡p-¶pthm AtX- {]-Imcw Xs¶
]c-am-ßmhv \½psS lrZ-b-cq-]-am-Ip¶ Kpl-bn Hfnªn-
¡p¶ ssXem-Zn- Isf Ah-bv¡p- ]-d-ªn-«pÅ D]m-b- §-fmÂ
D]-e_ - v[-am-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶pthm AtX-{]-Imcw GsX-
¦nepw km[-I³ hnj-b§ - -fn hnc-à-\m-bn«v kZm-Nm-c-
\n-c-X-\m-bn, kXy-`m-j-Ww, kZm-Nmcw F¶o X]-ky-h-gn-
bmbn km[-\IÄ A\p-jvTn-¨p-sIm­v apI-fn ]d-ªn-
«pÅ coXn-bn At±-ls¯ \nc-´cw [ym\n-¨p-sIm­p
hkn-¡p-¶p. Ah hgn-bmbn Ah\p ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-
¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p.
16. kÀÆ-hym-]n-\-am-ßm\w £otc
kÀ¸n-cn-hmÀ¸nXw
Bß-hn-Zym-X-t]m-aqew XZv {_tÒm]
\njXv ]cw.
XZv{_-tÒm-]-\n-jXv ]cw.
Bß- hn-Zybpw X]hpw At±-ls¯ {]m]n- ¡p-¶-Xn- \pÅ
aqekm[- \-bm-Ip-¶p. bmsXm¶v ]men ss\bv¡p-Xpeyw
]cn- ]qÀ®-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm kÀÆm-´- cym-an-bmb
B ]c- am- ß m- hns\ apIfn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶ B km[-I³
¯p¡fn hÀ®n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶ ]ca XXz-amb {_Òw
 146

I A´n-a-hm-Iys¯ ]\-cm-hÀ¯n-¡p-¶Xv A²ym-b-¯nsâ
kam-]X
v nsb kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶ -Xn-\p-th-­n-bm-Ip-¶p.
ZznXo-bm-² ymbw
kw_Ôw þ BZys¯ A[ym-b-¯n ]c-a-tZ-h-\mb ]c-
am-ßm-hnsâ km£m-Xv¡m-c-¯n-\pÅ {][m-t\-]m- b-ambn
[ym\s¯ hnti-jn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. B [ym\- ¯nsâ {]{Inb
a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶-Xn\v Cu c­m-aX - -²ymbw Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p.
CXn BZy-ambn [ym\-¯nsâ kn²n-¡p-th-­n-bpÅ
A©p a{´-§-fn ]c-ta-iz-c-t\mSp {]mÀ°n-t¡­ {]Im-
c-§sf hnh-cn-¡p¶p.
1. bpRvPm\x {]Yaw a\-kvXX
- zmb
khnXm [nbx
AtáÀ tPymXnÀ\n-Nm¿ ]rYnhym A[ym-`c
- -X.
AJn-e -t¯bpw krjvSn¨ ]c-a m-ßmhv BZy-ambn
\½psS a\-Ên-tâbpw _p²n-bp-tSbpw hr¯n- If - psS XXz-
{]m-]X
v n-¡p-th­n Xtâ-Xmb Znhy-kz-cq-]-¯n cq]-s¸-Sp-
¯p-Ibpw Aán apX-emb C{µn-bm-`n-am-\n-I-fmb tZh-
XIsf hnj-b§ - sf {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ kmaÀ°y
s¯ ZrjvSn- bn I­p- sIm­v _mly- hn-j-b-§-fn \n¶pw
]n³h-en¨v \½psS C{µn-b-§-fpsS {]Imiw _mly-ambn
\jvS-s¸-SmsX _p²n¡pw a\-Ên\pw klm-b-I-am-bn-cn-¡p-
¶-Xn\v C{µn-b-§-fn \nt£-]n-¨p.
2. bptà\ a\km hbw tZhky
khnXpx kth.
kphÀt¤-b mb iàym.
\½-sfÃmw AJn-e-t¯bpw krjvSn¨ ]c- a-tZ-h-\mb ]c- ¯n kwe-á-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. F¶m Km\w sN¿-s¸«
a-tZ-hsâ Bcm[\m-cq-]-amb bÚ-¯n apgp-Inb a\-Êp- ]c-ta-iz-csâ aln-am-hÀ®\w hnZzm-·m-cpsS IoÀ¯n-¡p-
h-gn-bmbn ]c-am-\-µ-{]m-]vXn-¡p-th­n ]qÀ®-i-àn-tbmsS Xpeyw temI-¯n hym]n-¡-s«. AXns\ Znhy-tem-I- §-fnÂ
{]b-Xv\n-¡-Ww. AXm-bXv \½psS a\Êv \nc-´cw `K-h-Zm- \nh-kn-¡p¶ Ahn-\m-in-bmb ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ FÃm ]p{X-
cm-[- \-bn apgp-Ip-bpw \mw `K-hXv {]m]vXn-bnÂ\n¶pw P\y- ·mcpw \Ã-Xp-t]mse {ihn-¡-s«.
am- Ip¶ ]c-am-\- µ-¯nsâ A\p- `q-Xn- ¡p-th­n ]qÀ®iàn
tbm-Sp-IqSn {]b-´n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿-Ww.
3. bpàzmb a\km tZhm³ kph-cytXm
[nbm Znhw
_rl-tÖymXnx Icn-jyXx khnXm
{]kp-hmXn Xm³.
A J n- e - ¯ n- s âbpw {kjv S m- h m- b n - c n- ¡ p¶ B
]ctaizc³ a\-Ên-sâbpw C{µn-b§ - -fp-sSbpw A[n-jvTm-
\-tZ-h-X-Is- fbpw kzÀ¤m-Zn-temI§fnepw BIm-i- ¯nepw
k©-cn-¡p¶ henb {]Imiw hym]n-¸n-¡p-¶-h-tbbpw
\½psS a\-tÊmSpw _p²n-tbmSpw kwbp-à-am-¡n-bn«v
\ap¡p {]Imiw {]Zm\w sN¿p-¶-Xn\p t{]cW \ÂIn.
X¡m-cWw sIm­p \mw ]c-ta-iz-cs\ km£m-Xv¡-cn-
¡p¶Xn\pÅ [ym\-¯n kaÀ°-cm-bn- ¯o- cp- ¶p. \½psS K
a\Êpw _p²nbpw C{µn-b§ - fpw {]Imiw hym]n-¸n¨p
sIm­n-cn-¡pw. \n{Z, Ae-k-X, AIÀ½-WyX apX-emb
tZmj-§Ä \½psS [ym\-¯n hnLv\w D­m-¡m-Xn-cn
-¡-s«.
4. bpRvPtX a\ DX bpRvPtX [ntbm
hn{]m hn{]ky _rltXm hn]-ÝnXx
hntlm{Xm Zt[ hbp-\m-hn-tZI
C·lo tZhky khnXpx ]cn-jvSp-Xnx.
t{ijvT-_p-²n-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb {_mÒ-Wm-Zn-I-fmb A[n-Im-
cn- IÄ X§- fpsS a\- Êns\ bmsXmcp ]c-{_- Ò- ]- c- am-ßm- hnÂ
tNÀ¡p-¶pthm AXp-t]mse X§-fpsS FÃm {]Im-c-¯n-
ep-apÅ _p²n-bpsS BkvXn-Iys¯ \nbp-à-am-¡p-¶p-
hthm bmsXm-cp-¯³ Aán tlm{Xm-Zn-ip-`-IÀ½- §-fpsS
hn[m\w sN¿p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯³ PK-¯nsâ hnNm-c-
§sf Adn-bp-¶-h\pw GI\pw AZzn-Xo-b\pw Bbn-cn-¡p-
¶pthm A§-s\-bpÅ alm\pw kÀÆ-hym-]nbpw kÀÆ-
Ú\pw AJn- e¯ - n- sâbpw D¸m-Z-I-\p-amb ]c-a-tZ-h-]-c-
ta-iz-cs\ \mw Ahiyw ]cn-]qÀ®-ambn kvXpXn-¡-Ww.
5. bptP hmw {_Ò ]qÀhyw \tam-`nÀþ
hn tÇmI GXp ]tYyh kqtcx.
irWz´p hntiz Aar-Xky ]p{Xm
B tb [mam\n Znhym\n XØpx.
AÃtbm a\-tÊ, _p²n, Rm³ \n§Ä c­p t]cp-
tSbpw kzmanbpw AJn-e-P-K- ¯nsâ BZn-Im- c-W-hp-amb ]c-
{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hns\ XpSÀ¨-bmbn \a-kvI-cn-¨p-sIm­v
hn\-b-]qÀÆw At±-l-¯nsâ ic-W-¯n sN¶v At±-l-
kw_Ôw þ [ym\- ¯n-\p- th­n ]c- am- ßm-hn- t\mSp {]mÀ°n-
¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ {]Im-c-§sf ]d-ª-tijw C\n Bdmw-a-{´-
¯n B [ym\-¯nsâ ØnXnsb hÀ®n-¡p-Ibpw Ggmw
a{´-¯n a\p-jys\ B [ym\-¯n hym]r-X-\m-¡p-¶-
Xn\p \nÀt±iw \ÂIp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
6. AánÀb-{Xm-`n-a-YytX hmbpÀb-{Xm-[ncp[ytX
tkmtam b{Xm-Xn-cn-NytX X{X kwPm-btX a\x.
bmsXm-cp-h-Ø-bn Aán-bp-­ m-¡p-¶ -X n-\p-th­n
Ac-Wn-¯-Sn-IÄaqew aY\w \S-¯p-¶-Xp-t]mse Aán-
Øm-\o- b- amb ]c- am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p- ¶- Xn-\p-th­n BZy-
a-{´- §- fn ]d-ªn- cn- ¡p¶ coXn- tbm- Sp- IqSn ico- cs¯ ASn-
bn-es¯ Ac-Wn-¯-Sn-bmbpw HmwIm-cs¯ apI-fn-es¯
Ac-W n-bmbpw IÂ]n-¨ n«v AXnsâ P]hpw AXnsâ

N P
 147

I AÀ°-cq-]-amb ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ \nc-´-c-am-bpÅ Nn´m-cq- ¶p. Ch-sb-Ãm-¯n-s\bpw XyPn-¨n«v Fs¶-t¶-bv¡p-am- K

]hpw sIm­v aY\w \S-¯-s¸-Sp-¶p. FhnsS {]mW-hm-bp-
hns\ hn[n-]qÀÆw \¶m-bn«v \ntcm-[n-¡p-¶pthm FhnsS
B\-µc - q-]-amb tkma-ckw AXy-[n-I-ambn {]I-S-am-¡p-
¶pthm B [ym\m-h-Ø-bn a\p-jysâ a\Êv kÀÆYm
hnip-²- am-bn-¯o-cp-¶ p.
7. khn{Xm {]k-th\ PqtjX {_Ò ]qÀhyw.
bpÅ Aa-c-]-Zs¯ {]m]n-¡-Ww.
9. {]mWm³ {]]o-tUyl kwbp-à-tNjvSx
£otW {]mtW \mkn-I-tbm-Ñz-ko-X.
ZrjvSm-iz-bp-à-anh hml-ta\w
hnZzm³ at\m [mc-tb-Xm-{]-a-¯x.

X{X tbm\nw IrW-htk \ ln tX hnZzm-\mb km[-I³ Cu Úm\-tbmK km[-\-bv¡p-

]qÀÆ-a-£ n-]- Xv. th­n Blm-cm-Zn-I-fmb FÃm {]hr-¯n-I-tfbpw bYm-
tbmKyw sNbvXp-sIm- ­n-cn-¡- Ww. Ahsb [ym\-tbm-K-¯n-
AÃtbm km[-I, AJne {_Òm-WvU-¯nsâ Dev]m-Z- \p-]-bp-à- §- fm- ¡n-¯oÀ¡-Ww. tbmK-im- k{v X- ¯nsâ hn[n-
I\pw kÀÆm-´-cym-an-bp-amb ]ctaiz-csâ t{]c-W-bm {]-Imcw {]mW-bmaw sNbvXp-sNbvXv {]mW³ AXy´w
AXm-bXv apI-fn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶ coXn-bn At±-ls¯ kq£va-am-bn-¯o-cp-t¼mÄ \mkn-I- fn¡qSn AXns\ shfn-
kvXpXn-¨p-sIm­v At±-l-¯nÂ\n¶v A\p-aXn {]m]n-¨p- bn-te¡p XÅn-¡-f-b-Ww. AXn\ptijw ZpjvSm-iz-§-fmÂ
sIm­v \n§Ä B BZn-]-c-{_-a-]-c-am-ßm-hns\¯s¶ ]q«-s¸« cYs¯ kaÀ°-\mb kmcYn F{]-Imcw AXn-
tkh\w (k-am-cm-[-\) sN¿-Ww. B ]c-ta-iz-c-\n¯s¶ {i-²- tbm-Sp-IqSn \bn-¨p-sIm­p kpc- £n- X-amÀ¤-¯n¡qSn
B{ibw {]m]n-¡-Ww. At±-l-¯n ic-Ww-{]m-]n-¨n«v sIm­p-t]m-Ip-¶pthm AXp- t]m-se-Xs¶ km[- I\pw Xsâ
At±-l-¯n¯s¶ kzbw hneo-\-am-bn-¯o-c-Ww. C{]- a\-Êns\ {i²-tbm-Sp-IqSn Xsâ kzm[o-\-h-e-b-¯n kpc-
Imcw {]hÀ¯n- ¨mÂ, \n§Ä ap³]p- ap-Xte sN¿-s¸- «n-«pÅ £n- X- am¡n \nÀ¯-Ww. A§-s\-bm-sW-¦n tbmK-km-[-
FÃm k©n-X-IÀ½-§ fpw hnLv\-Im-cn-bm- bn-¯o-cp-¶ n-Ã, \-bn bmsXm-cp-hn-[a- mb hnLv\§ - fpw kw`-hn-¡msX
_Ô-\-cq-]-am-bn-¯ o-cp-¶n-Ã. Ah³ ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ {]Xn-cq-]-e-£y-¯n F¯p-Ibpw
kw_Ôw þ [ym\-tbm-K-¯nsâ km[\ A\p-jT v n-¡p-¶- sN¿pw.
hÀ F{]-Imcw Ccn-¡-Ww, F§s\ [ym\n-¡- Ww. Cu hnj- kw_Ôw þ ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hn a\-Êns\ ebn-¸n-¡p-
b-s¯-¸än {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p¶p þ ¶-Xn\v F§-s\-bpÅ Øm\¯v F§-s\-bpÅ `qan-bnÂ
8. {Xncp-¶Xw Øm]y kaw icocw Ccp¶p km[\ \S-¯Ww F¶-Xns\ hnh-cn-¡p-¶p.
lrZo-{µn-bmWn a\km kw\n-th-iy. 10. kta ipNu iÀ¡-cm-h-Ón-hm-epIm
{_tÒm-Up-t]\ {]X-tcX hnZzm³ hnhÀÖntX i_vZ-P-em-{i-bm-Zn-`nx.
t{kmXmwkn kÀÆmWn `bm-h-lm-\n. at\m\pIqte \ Xp N£p-]o-Ut\
bmsXm-cp-¯³ [ym\-tbm-K-¯nsâ km[\ A\p-jvTn- Kplm-\n-hm-Xm-{i-btW {]tbm-P-tb-Xv.
¡p-¶pthm B _p²n-am-\mb km[-I³ inc-Êv, Kfw, ChnsS [ym\-tbm-K -¯n-\p-] -bp-à-amb Øm\s¯
amÀÆnSw Chsb DbÀ¯n-\nÀ¯-s«, AXp-t]mse ico- hÀ®n-¡p- ¶p. [ym\-tbm-K- ¯nsâ km[-\-b\pjvTn¡p¶
cs¯ t\scbpw Ønc-ambpw hbv¡-s«. F´p-sIm-s­- km[-I³ ka-\n-ct- ¸m-Sp-Iq-Snb `qanbpw \navt\m¶X-§-f-
¶m ico-cs¯ t\scbpw Ønc-ambpw hbv¡-s«. F´p- Ãm¯Xpw hf-hp-Xn-cn-hn-Ãm-¯Xpw FÃm {]Im-c-¯nepw
sIm-s­- ¶m ico-cs¯ t\scbpw Ønc-ambpw \nÀ¯m- hr¯n-bp-ÅXpw kzm`m-hn-I-ambn ]hn-{X-X-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw
sXbpw incÊpw Kfhpw h£-Ø-ehpw DbÀ¯m-sXbpw tZhm-e-bw, XoÀ°-Øm\w BZn-bm-b-h-t]mse N¸p-N-hdpw
Ccp-¶m Be-kyhpw \n{Zbpw aäp-am-bpÅ hnLv\-§Ä Nc¡ÃpIfpw CÃm-¯ Xpw Aán-b p-tSbpw shbn-en-
h¶p`-hn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m Cu hnLv\-§- fnÂ\n¶pw c£- sâbpw NqSn- Ãm-¯Xpw a\-Êns\ Cf-¡p¶ i_vZ-tIm-em-
s]-Sp-¶-Xn\p ta¸dª {]Im-c-¯n Ccn-¡-Ww. CXn-\p- l-e-§-fn-Ãm-¯Xpw tImem-l-e-¯nsâ ]qÀ®-amb A`m-h-
tijw FÃm C{µn-b-§-tfbpw _mly-hn-j- b-§-fnÂ\n¶pw ap-­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Bh-iy-¯n\p Pew e`n-¡p-¶Xpw
amän-bn«v a\-Ên-\m Ahsb lrZ-b¯ - n \ntcm-[n¨p F¶m hf-sc-b-[nIw Bfp-IÄ hcn-Ibpw t]mIbpw
\nÀ¯-Ww. ]ns¶ HmwIm-c-cq-]-am-Ip¶ \uI-bpsS B{i- sN¿p¶ Pem-i-bw-t]mse AÃm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶Xpw ico-c-c-£-
b-t¯m-Sp-IqSn AXm-bXv HmwIm-c-¯nsâ P]-t¯mSpw bv¡p-]- bp- à- amb B{i- b-t¯m- Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw F¶m [À½-
AXnsâ hmNy-amb ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ [ym\-t¯m- im-e-t]mse AkwJyw Bfp-IÄ hcn-Ibpw t]mIbpw
Spw-IqSn FÃm `bm-\-I-§-fmb {]hm-l-§-tfbpw XcWw sN¿m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-amb CSw Bbn-cn-¡Ww km[\ sN¿p-
sNbvXv A¡sc F¯n-t¨-c- Ww. \m\m-tbm-\n- I-fn \n¶pw ¶-Xn\p sXc-sª-Sp-t¡-­- Xv.
k¼m-Zn-¨n-«pÅ F{Xtbm hmk-\-If - p-­v. Ah-sbÃmw P\-
\-a-cW cq]-§-fm-Ip¶ `bw P\n-¸n-¡p¶ {]hm-l-§-fm-Ip- kw_Ôw þ tbmKm-`ymkw \S-¯p¶ km[-Isâ km[\

N P

I icntbm sXtäm F¶-dn-bp-¶-Xn-\pÅ D]mbw ]d-bp-¶p.
11. \olm-c[p amÀ¡m-\n-em-\e - m\mw
JtZym-X -hn-Zyp-Xvk v^ -Sn-I -i-ko-\mw.
GXm\n cq]mWn ]pc-Ê-cmWn
{_Ò-Wy-`n-hy-àn-I-cmWn tbmtK.
km[-I³ ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ {]m]vXn-¡p-th­n
[ym\-tbm-K-¯nsâ km[-\-bm-cw-`n-¡pt¼mÄ Ah\v Xsâ
ap¼n Nne-t¸mÄ aqSÂa-ªn\p Xpey-amb cp]w A\p-`-
h-s¸-Sp-¶p. Nne-t¸mÄ ]pI-t]mse ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. Nne-
t¸mÄ kqcy-s\-t¸mse {]Imiw kÀÆ{X ]cn-]qÀ®-ambn
ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. Nne-t¸mÄ \nÝ-e-amb hmbp-hn-s\-t¸mse
\ncm-Im-c-cq]w A\p-`-h-¯n hcp-¶p. Nne-t¸mÄ Aán¡p
kZr-i-amb tXP-tÊm-Sp-IqSn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. Nne kabw
an¶m-an-\p-§n\p kZriw an¶n-an-¶n-am-bp-¶-Xmbn tXm¶p-
¶p. Nne-t¸mÄ CSn-a n-¶-e n-\ p-Xpeyw I®-©n-¸n-¡ p¶
{]Imiw P\n-¸n-¡p-¶-Xmbn ZrjvSn-tKm-N-c-am-Ip-¶p. Nne-
t¸mÄ kv^Sn-I-a-Wn¡p kZr-i-amb DÖz-e-cq]w ImgvN-
bnÂs¸-Sp-¶p. Nne- t¸mÄ N{µ-\p-Xpeyw ioX-f- {]-Imiw {]k-
cn-¸n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶-Xmbn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. Chbpw AXp-
t]mse aä-t\Iw Zriy-§fpw tbmK-km-[-\- bpsS D¶-Xnsb
tZymXn-¸n-¡p-¶-hb - m-Ip-¶ p. Ch-bnÂ\n¶pw km[-Isâ
[ym\w icn-bm-bn-cn-¡p¶p F¶p a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p.
12. ]rYzy]vtXtPm\netJ kap-°ntX
]©m-ßtI tbmK-KptW {]hrt¯
\ Xky tcmtKm \ Pcm \ arXypx
{]m]vXky tbmKm-án-abw ico-cw.
[ym\-tbm-K-¯nsâ km[\ sNbvXp-sNbvXv ]rYzn, Pew,
tXP-Êv, hmbp, BImiw F¶o ]©-a-lm-`q-X-§-fpsS
D°m\w kw`-hn-¡p-t¼mÄ AXm-bXv Cu km[- I³ ]©-a-
lm-`q-X-§-fp-sS-ta A[n-Imcw {]m]n-¨p-I-gnbp-t¼mÄ Cu
]©-a-lm-`q-X-§-fp-ambn kw_Ôw ]peÀ¯p¶ tbmK-hn-
j-b-§-fmb A©p-kn-²n-Ifpw {]I-S-am-hp-Ibpw sN¿p-
t¼mÄ tbmKm-án-a-b-amb ico-cs¯ {]m]n-¨n-«pÅ B
tbmKn-bpsS ico-c-¯n tcmK-ap-­m-Ip-¶n-Ã, hmÀ²-Iy-hp-
ap-­m-Ip-¶n-Ã. Ah\p arXyp-hp-ap-­m-Ip-¶n-Ã. Ahsâ
CÑ¡p hncp-²-ambn Ahsâ icocw \in-¡p-¶n-Ã.
13. eLp-Xz-am-tcm-Ky-a-tem-ep-]Xzw
hÀ®-{]-kmZw kzc-ku-jvThw N.
KÔx ipt`m aq{X-]p-co-j-aev]w
tbmK-{]-hr¯nw {]Yamw hZ-´n.
`qX§fp-sS-ta hnPbw ssIh-cn-¨n-«pÅ tbmKn-I-fnÂ
]qÀh-h-thm-à-i-ànIsf¡q-SmsX aäp iàn-Ifpw h¶p-
tN-cp-¶p. DZm-l-c-W-ambn: Ahsâ icocw emL-h-t¯m-Sp-
Iq-Sn-b-Xm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p, ico-c-¯n `mc-¯n- sâtbm AYhm
Be-ky-¯n-sâtbm `mhw \ne-\n¡p-¶n-Ã. Ah³ kZm
N P
148
\otcm-K-\m-bn-¡-gn-bp-¶p. Ah\v Hcn-¡epw bmsXmcp tcmK- K
hp-a p-­ m-Ip-¶ n-Ã . `uXnI hkvX p-¡ -fn-e pÅ Ahsâ
Bkàn \jvS-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. GsX-¦nepw `uXnI hkvXp
Ahsâ ap¼n h¶mepw Ahsâ a\Êpw C{µn-b§ - fpw
AXn-\m BIÀjn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶n- Ã. Ahsâ ico-c-¯nsâ
hÀ®w DÖz-ea - m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. kzcw AXy´w a[p-chpw
kv]jvS-hp-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. ico-c¯ - n \n¶pw hfsc \Ã
kpKÔw ]pd-s¸«v \mep-]mSpw {]k-cn-¡p-¶p. aehpw
aq{Xhpw hfsc kzev]-amb am{X-bn BIp-hm³ XpS-§p-
¶p. Ch-sbÃmw tbmK-amÀ¤-¯nsâ {]mcw-`k - n-²n-I-fm-Ip-
¶p. C§s\ tbmKn-IÄ ]d-bp-¶p.
14. bssYh hnw_w arZ-tbm-]-en]vXw
tXtPm-abw {`mPtX XXv kp[m-´w.
XZzmßXXzw {]k-ao£y tZlo
GIx IrXmÀtYm `htX hoX-timIx.
GsX- ¦nepw tXtPm-a-b-am- b-cXv\w a®n ]pX-ªp- t]m-
b-Xp-Im-caw F{]-Imcw Hfnªn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXnsâ
Ak cq]- ¯n {]I-S-am-Im-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXns\ a®v
apX-em-bh amäw sNbvXp Igp-In-¯p-S¨v hr¯n- bm-¡n-sb-
Sp-¡ p-t¼mÄ AXv AkÂcq-]-¯ n {]Im-in-¡p-hm³
XpS§p-¶p. AtX-{]-Imcw Cu Pohm-ßm-hnsâ hmkvX-hnI
kzcq]w AXy-´-kz-Ñ-am- bn-¡-gn-ªmepw A\-´-P-·-§-fnÂ
sN¿-s¸« IÀ½-§-fpsS kwkv¡m-c-§-fm aen-\a - m-bn-cn-
¡p-¶Xp ImcWw {]Xy-£-ambn {]I-S-am-Ip-¶n-Ã. F¶mÂ
[ym\-tbm-K-¯ nsâ km[-\-h-gn-bmbn FÃm Agp-¡p-I-
tfbpw Igp-In-bn«v Bßm-hnsâ bYmÀ° kzcq-]s¯ \Ã-
Xp-t]mse {]kv]-jSv -am-¡p-t¼mÄ AXv Akw-K-am- bn-¯o-cp-
¶p. AXm-bXv Ah\v PU-]-ZmÀ°-§-fp-ambn bmsXmcp
kwtbm-K-ap-­m-bn-cp-¶p-thm, AsXÃmw \in-¨n«v Ah³
ssIh-eym-h-Øsb {]m]n-¡p-¶p. AXp-t]mse Ahsâ
FÃm-{]-Imc§fn-ep-apÅ ZpxJ-§-fpsS Ah-km\w kw`-hn-
¨n«v Ah³ XnI¨pw IrX-Ir-Xy-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ahsâ
a\p-jy-P·w kmÀ°-Ia - mbn `hn-¡p-¶p.
15. bZmßX-tXz\ Xp {_Ò-XXzw
Zot]m-]-ta-t\l bpàx {]]-tiy-Xv.
APw {[phw kÀh-Xs - sXzÀhn-ip²w
ÚmXzm tZhw apNytX kÀh-]m-ssix.
]n¶oSv BtbmKn CtX ØnXn-bn Zo]-Zzmcm {_Ò-X-Xz-k-
Zr-ihpw \nÀ½-e-{]-Im-i-a-b-hp-ambn ]qÀtÆm-à-amb Bß-
XXzw icn-bmbn ZÀin-¡pt¼mÄ AXm-bXv B ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-
am- ßm-hns\ {]Xy- £- am- ¡p-t¼mÄ P·m-Zn- I- fnse FÃm hnIm-
c-§-fnÂ\n¶pw cln-X\pw AN-e\pw \nÝn-X\pw AXp-
t]mse ka-kX v - X-Xz-§-tfmSpw Akw- K\pw kÀÆYm hnip-
²-\p-amb ]c-a-tZ-h-\mb ]c-am-ßm-hns\ XXz-t¯m-Sp-IqSn
Adn-ªn«v FÃm-hn-[-amb _Ô- \-§-fnÂ\n¶pw \nXy-ambn
tamNn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶ p.
 149

I Cu a{´-¯n Bß-X-Xz-¯n¡qSn {_Ò-X-Xzs¯ Adn- bmsXm- cp-¯³ þ AZzn-Xob ]c- am-ßmhv Pes¯ krjvSn-K
bp-¶-Xn-\pÅ amÀ¤w ]d-ªn«v ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ km£m- ¨n«v Xsâ kzcq-]-`q-X-amb imk-\m-iàn hgn-bmbn AXn-
Xv¡mcw a\-Ê,v _p²n, C{µn-b§ - Ä hgn kw`-hn-¡p-hm³ t·Â `cWw \S- ¯n- s¡m- ­n-cn- ¡p-¶pthm AXp- t]mse hnhn-
km²y-a-sÃ-¶pÅ `mhw {]I-S-am-¡p- ¶p. Ch- sbÃmw AhnSw [-§-fmb B imk-\m-i-àn-IÄh-gn-bmbn FÃm temI-§-
hsc F¯p-¶n-Ã. GI-am-{X-amb B Bß-X-Xz-Zzmcm Xs¶ tfbpw temI-]m-e· - m-tcbpw bYm-tbmKyw k©m-e\w
At±lw {]Xy-£-am-Ip-¶p. sNbvXp-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-c-¯sâ `c-W- ¯nÂ
Ch-sbÃmw Xm´m-§-fpsS IÀ¯-hy-§sf \nb-a-]qÀÆw
16. Gj l tZhx {]Zntjm\ kÀhmx
]men-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, AXp-t]mse bmsXm-cp-¯³
]pÀthm l PmXx k D KÀt` A´x X\n-tb-Xs¶ aäm-cp-tSbpw klmbw IqSmsX AJn-e-tem-
k Gh PmXx k P\n-jy-amWx I-¯-sâbpw D¸-¯n-bnepw AXns\ hfÀ¯p-¶-Xnepw
{]Xy-MvP -\mw-kvXn-jvTXn kÀtXm-ap-Jx. kaÀ°-\p-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm B ]c-{_-Ò-]c - -ta-iz-c s\
bmsXmcp alm-]p-cp-j³ XXz-t¯m-Sp-IqSn {Kln-¡p-¶pthm
Cu ]c-a-tZ-h-\mb {_Òw FÃm Zn¡p-I-fnepw Ahm-´-
At±lw Aa-c-\m-bn-¯o-cp¶p þ P\-\-a-c-W-h-e-bnÂ\n¶pw
c-Zn-¡ p-I -fnepw hym]n-¨n-c n-¡p¶p; AXm-b Xv F§pw
\nXy-ambn tamNn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p.
At±lw ]cn-] qÀ®-\m-Ip-¶p. {]]-©-¯ n At±lw
CÃm¯ bmsXmcp Øm\hpw CÃ. {]kn-²-amb ]c-{_-Ò- 2. GtIm ln cpt{Zm \ ZznXo-bmb XØpÀþ
]-c-am-ßm-hmbn Gähpw BZy-ambn lnc-Wy-KÀ`-cq-]-¯n b Camw temIm-\o-iX Cui-\o`nx
{]Xy-£-am-bn- cp- ¶p. At±lw Xs¶ Cu {_Ò- cq-]-amb KÀ`- {]Xy-MvP-\mw-kvXn-jvTXn k©p-tIm-Nm-´-Imte
¯n A´-cym-an-bmbn ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. At±-lw-Xs¶
kwkrPy hnizm `ph-\m\n tKm]mx
Cu kabw PK-¯nsâ cq]-¯n {]I-S-am-Ip-Ibpw `mhn-
bn AXm-bXv {]f-b-¯n-\p-ti-j-apÅ krjvSn-Im-e¯ - n bmsXm-cp-¯³ Xsâ kzcq-]-`q-X-§-fmb hnhn-[-im-k-
ho­pw {]I-S-am-Ip-hm³ t]mIp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. At±lw \-i-àn-IÄ hgn-bmbn FÃm temI-§-fp-sS-taepw `cWw
FÃm Pohn-I- fp-tSbpw DÅn A´- cyman cq]-¯n ØnXn- \S-¯p-¶pthm þ Ahsb \nb-am-\p-k-caw \nb-{´n-¨p-sIm-
sN¿pw AXp-t]mse FÃm `mK-t¯bv¡pw apJ-t¯m-Sp-Iq- ­n-cn-¡p-¶p-hthm B cp{Z-cq-]-\mb ]c-ta-iz-c³ GI³X-
Snbpw AXm-bXv FÃm-¯n-s\bpw FÃm-`m-K-¯p-\n¶pw s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. AXm-bXv Cu hnizs¯ \nb-{´n-¡p¶
I­p-sIm­pw Ccn-¡p-¶-h-\m-Ip-¶p. iàn- IÄ At\Iw D­m-bn-cp-¶mepw Ah-sbÃmw Htc ]c-
ta-iz-csâ Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p, F¶m At±-l¯ - nÂ\n¶pw
17. tbm tZthm Aáu tbm A]vkp
A`n-¶- am-Ip- ¶p. Cu Imc- Ww-sIm- ­p-Xs¶ Úm\nIÄ PK-
tbm hnizw `ph-\-am-hn-thi ¯nsâ Imc-Ws¯ \nÝ-bn¨p kabw aäp bmsXmcp XXz-
b Hmjm-[ojp tbm h\-kv]-Xnjp t¯bpw B{i-bn-¡m-Xn-cp-¶p, GI-]-c-{_Òw Xs¶-bmWv
Xkvssa tZhmb \tam \ax. PK-¯nsâ Imc-W-sa¶v FÃm-hcpw Htc kzc-¯n \nÝ-
bn-¡p-Is- Xs¶ sNbvXp. B ]c-am-ßmhv FÃm Pnhn-I-fp-
bmsXmcp kÀÆ-i-àn-am-\mb ]c-{_Ò ]c-a-tZ-h³
tSbpw DÅn A´-cym-an-cq- ]-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p- ¶p. FÃm
Aán-bn Bbn-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm¶v Pe-¯n BIp-
temI-§-tfbpw krjvSn¨v Ahsb c£n-¨p- sIm-­n-cn- ¡p¶
¶pthm, bmsXm¶p ka- kX v -tem-I- §-fnepw A´- cym-an-bmb
]a-tc-iz-c³ {]f-b- Im- e-¯Â kz´- am- bn-¯s¶ Ch- sbÃmw
cq]-t¯m-Sp-I q-S n {]hn-j vS-a m-b n-s ¡m-­ n-c n-¡ p-¶ pthm
H¶n-¨p-tNÀ¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv X¶n-te-¡p-Xs¶ hneo-\-am-
bmsXm¶v Huj-[nIfnepw h\-kv]-Xn-I-fnepw Bbn-cn-¡p-
¡p-¶p. B kabw At±-l-¯nsâ `n¶-`n-¶-cq-]-§-fn-epÅ
¶pthm AXm-bXv bmsXm¶p kÀÆ{X ]cn-]qÀ®-am-bn-cn-
cq]§sfm¶pw D­m-bn-cn-¡p-I-bn-Ã.
¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-¶ns\ At\-I-{]-Im-c-¯Â t\cs¯
hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶pthm B ]c-a-tZ-h-\mb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ \a- 3. hnkz-X-Ý-£p-cpX hniz-tXm-aptJm
kv¡-cn-¡p-¶p. A²ym-b-¯nsâ kam-]X v nsb kqNn-¸n-¡p- hniz-tXm-_m-lp-cpX hniz-X-kv]mXv
¶-Xn\v \a-kI v m-c-]-Zs¯ BhÀ¯n-¨n-cn-¡-p¶p. kw _mlp`ymw [aXn kw ]X-ss{XÀþ
Zymh-`qan P\-b³ tZh GIx.
XrXo-b m-²ymbw ]c-a-tZ-h-\mb B ]c-ta-iz-c³ GI-\m-Ip¶p; F¶ncp
1. b GtIm Pme-hm-\o-iX Cui-\o`nx ¶mepw At±-l-¯nsâ I®p-IÄ FÃm-bn-S-§-fn-ep-ap-­v.
ssIIfpw ]mZ-§fpw D­v. At±lw FÃm temI-§-fnepw
kÀhmw-tem-Im-\o-iX Cui-\o`nx
FÃm-bn-S-§-fnepw ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ ka-kvX-Po-hn-I-fpsS
b GsshI DÛth kw`th N IÀ½-§-tfbpw hnNm-c-§-tfbpw FÃm kw`-h-§-tfbpw
b GX-Zzn-Zp-c-ar-XmkvtX `h-´n. Xsâ Znhy-i-àn-h-gn-bmbn \nc-´cw ZÀin-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-

N P
 150
I ¶p. bmsXmcp Imcy-§fpw At±-l-¯nÂ\n¶pw Hfn-ªn-
cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. At±-l-¯nsâ `à³ At±-l-¯n\v Fhn-
sSsb¦nepw t`mP-\-tbm-Ky- amb hkvXp kaÀ¸n- ¡p-¶pthm
At±lw AXns\ Ahn-sS-sh-¨p-Xs¶ A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p.
At±lw FÃm Øe¯pw FÃm hkvXp-¡-tfbpw H¶mbn
kzoI- cn- ¡p- ¶- Xnepw Xsâ `à-P-\-§-fpsS k¦-S- §sf \in-
¸n¨v Ahsc c£n-¡p-¶-Xnepw kaÀ°-\m-Ip-¶p. AXp-
t]mse FhnsS \ns¶- ¦nepw At±-l-¯nsâ `à- ·mÀ At±-
ls¯ hnfn-¡p-hm-\m{Kln¡p-¶pthm Ahn-sS-¯s¶
At±lw AtX-k-abw F¯n-t¨-cp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. temI-
¯n Hcp Øm\hpw At±-l-¯nsâ iàn- bm hncm-Pn-
¡- ¶ n-Ã m- ¯ - X mbn ImW-s ¸- S p-¶ n- Ã . BImiwap-X Â
`qtemIw hsc-bpÅ FÃm temI-§-tfbpw krjvSn¨n-cn-
¡p¶ GI-\mb ]c-ta-iz-c³ a\p-jymZn Pohn-Isf Cu
c­p `pP§-fmepw ]£n-Isf Nnd-IpIfmepw bpà-am-¡n-
bn-cn-¡p-¶p. At±lw FÃm PohnItfbpw Bh-iym-\p-k-c-
W-amb `n¶-`n¶ iàn-I-fmepw km[-\-§-fnepw k¼-¶-
am-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. ChnsS `pP§fp-tSbpw Nnd-Ip-I-fp-tSbpw
IY\w D]e£Ww am{X- am-Ip-¶p. CXnÂ\n¶pw kakvX
{]mWn-I-fn-ep-apÅ FÃm iàn-Ifpw ]c-am-ßm-hn-\mÂ
\ÂI-s¸-«-Xm-sW¶p a\-Ên-em-¡-Ww.
4. tbm tZhm\mw {]`-h-tÝm-Zv`hÝ
hnizm-[nt]m cpt{Zm alÀjnx
lnc-Wy-KÀ`w P\-bm-amk ]qÀhw
k t\m _p²ym ip`bm kwbp-\-àp.
AJn-e-t¯bpw Xsâ `c-W-¯n sh¨p-sIm-­n-cn- kw_Ô w þ C\n Úm\nIfmb alm-ß m¡fpsS
¡p¶ cp{Z- c q- ] - \ mb ]c- ta-i z- c ³ C{µm-Z n-t Z- h - I sf A\p`h§sf ]dªn«v ]c-a- Úm- \-^-e- ¯nsâ ZrV-Xsb
krjvSn¨pw c£n-¨pw- sIm- ­n- cn- ¡p¶p. AXp- t]mse bmsXm- {]kv]-jSv - am-¡p-¶p.
cp-¯³ FÃm-¯n-sâ-bpw A[n-]-Xnbpw alm-Úm-\nbpw
kÀÆ-Ú-\p-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯³ krjvS n-
bpsS Bcw-`- ¯n lnc-Wy- KÀ`s¯ krjvSn- ¨pthm B ]c-
a-tZ-h -\mb ]c-am-ßmhv \s½-s bÃmw kÂ_p-²n-bmÂ
kwbp-à-am-¡-tW.
5. bm tX cp{Z inhm
X\qctLmcm-]m-]-Im-in-\o.
Xbm \kvX\ - phm i´-abm
Kncn-i-´m-`n-Nm-I-io-ln. AXo-X-\m-W.v AtX-t]mse kqcy\p Xpeyw kzbw-{]-Im-i-
tl cp{Z- tZ-h, `bm-\-I-X-bnÂ\n¶v iq\yhpw ]pWy- IÀ½-
§-fm {]Im-in-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-amb A§- bpsS awK-
f-a-bn-bmb kuay-aqÀ¯nsb ZÀin-¨n«p a\p-jy³ ]c-am-\-
µ-\n-a-á-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. tl Kncn-i-´, ]ÀÆ-X- ¯n hkn-
¨p-s Im­v kakvX temI-§Ä¡pIw kpJw {]Zm\w
sN¿p¶ ]c-ta-iz-cm, ]c- a-im´ aqÀ¯n-bm-bn-cp-¶p-sIm-­p-
Xs¶ Ir]-tbm-Sp-IqSn R§-fpsS t\tc t\m¡n-bm-epw.
A§-bpsS Ir]m-Zr-jvSn-bpsS ]X- \w-sIm- ­p-Xs¶ R§Ä
kÀÆYm ]cn-ip-²-cmbn A§sb {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn\p tbmKy-
X-bp-Å -h-cm-bn-¯o- c-tW.
N P
6. bmanjpw Kncn-i´ lkvtX _n`ÀjykvXth K
inhmw Kncn-{XXm Ipcp am lnwkox
]pcpjw PK-Xv.
tl Kncni´, ssIem-k-hm-kn-bpw, kpJ-Zm-b-I-\p-amb
]c-ta-iz-cm, bmsXmcp _mWs¯ Fdn-bp-¶-Xn-\p-th­n
A§v ssIbn FSp-¯n-cn- ¡p¶p? tl Kncn-cm-P-\mb lnam-
e-b-¯nsâ c£n-Xm-th, A§v B _mWs¯ awK-f-a-b-
am¡n amän-bm-epw. AXnsâ {Iqc-Xsb \in-¸n¨v AXns\
im´- am-¡n-bm-epw, Pohn-I-fm \nd-b-s¸«p Cu PK-¯ns\
\in- ¸n-¡m-Xn-cp-¶mepw. CXns\ IjvS-s¸-Sp-¯m- Xncp-¶m- epw.
7. XXx ]cw {_Ò-]cw _rl´w
bYm-\n-Imbw kÀÆ-`q-tXjp KqVw
hniz-sskyIw ]cn-th-jvS n-Xm-cþ
aoiw Xw ÚmXzm-arXm `h-´n.
bmsXm-cp-¯³ ap³]p ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶ Pohn-k-ap-Zm-b-
cq-] -am-Ip¶ PK-¯nepw lnc-Wy-KÀ`-\m-a-{_-Ò¯
- nepw
kÀÆYm t{ijvT-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm FÃm Pohn-I-fnepw
Ah-bpsS ico-c-¯n-\-\pcq]-ambn Hfn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶pthm
FÃm temI-t¯bpw FÃm `mK§fn IqSnbpw hebw
sN¿-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXp-t]mse kÀÆ{X hym]vXhpw
al¯pw Bbn-cn- ¡p-¶pthm A§-s\-bpÅ GI-am-{X-\mb
B ]c-ta-iz-cs\ Adn-ªn«v Úm\nIÄ Fs¶-t¶-b¡ v p-
am-bpÅ Ac-Xzs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. ]n¶oSv AhÀ¡p P\-\-
a-c-W-§Ä D­m-Ip-¶n-Ã.
8. thZm-l-taXw ]pcpjw alm-´þ
amZn-Xy-h˨w Xakx ]c-kvXm-Xv.
Xtah hnZn-XzmXn arXyp-taXn
\m\yx ]Ùm hnZytXb\mb
Úm\n-bmb Hcp alm³ ]d-bp¶p þ Cu alm-·m-sc-
¡mfpw alm-\mb ]ca ]pcp-tjm-¯-as\ Rm\-dn-bp-¶p.
At±lw Ahn-Zym-cq-]-am-Ip¶ AÔ- Im-c-¯n\pw kÀÆYm
cq-]-\m-Ip-¶p. At±-ls¯ Adn-bp-¶-Xp-sIm-­p-Xs¶ a\p-
jy³ arXyp-hns\ DÃwL\w sN¿p-¶-Xn þ Cu P\-\-a-c-
W-§-fpsS _Ô-\§ - -fnÂ\n¶v kzmX{´yw {]m]n-¡p-¶-
Xn þ Ign-hp-Å-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. ]ca ]Zs¯ {]m]n-¡p-
¶-Xn\v CX-ÃmsX aäp bmsXm-cp-]m-b-hp-an-Ã.
9. bkvamXv ]cw \m]-c-akvXn InwNnZv
bkvam-¶m-Wotbm \ PymtbmkvXn IÝn-Xv.
hr£ Ch kvX_vt[m Znhn XnjvS-tXy-Iþ
kvtXt\Zw ]q˨w ]pcp-tjW kˮw.
 151
I B ]ca tZh-\mb ]c- ta- iz- c- s\- ¡mÄ t{ijvT-\mbn aäm
- 12. alm³ {]`pÀssh-]p-cpjx
cp-an-Ã. At±lw kÀÆ-t{ijvT\m-Ip-¶p. F{Xtbm kq£va-
X- Xz-§- fpt­m Ah-sb- Ãm- ¯n-s\-¡mfpw At±lw kq£vaw
Xs¶- bm-Wv. At±-l-s¯-¡mÄ A[nIw kq£va-ambn aäp
bmsXm-¶p-an-Ã. CXn-\mÂX-s¶ At±lw Gähpw sNdnb
Pohn-I-fpsS ico-c-¯n {]th-in¨p ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. CXp-
t]mse F{Xtbm al¯pw hym]-I-hp-amb XXz-§-fp-­v.
Ah-sb-Ãm-än-s\¡mfpw al¯pw hym]-I-hp-amWv B ]c-
{_-Òw. AXn-s\-¡m al¯pw hym]-I-hp-ambn asäm-¶pw-
X-s¶-bn-Ã. CXn-\m {]f-b-Im-e-¯n Cu k¼qÀ®
{_Òm-WU v s¯ At±lw XsâbpÅn hneo-\-am-¡p-¶p.
bmsXm¶p X\n-tb-Xs¶ hr£-¯n\p Xpeyw \nÝ-e-`m-h-
t¯m-Sp-IqSn ]c-a-[m-a-cq-]hpw {]Im-i-a-b-hp-amb Znhym-Im-
i-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶pthm B ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hnÂ
Cu kakvX PK¯pw hym]n-¨p-In-S-¡p-¶p. ]c-a-]p-cp-j-
\mb B ]c-ta-iz-c³Xs¶ \ncm-Im-c-cq-]-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Cu
hnizw apgp-h³ hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
10. XtXm bZp-¯-cX
- cw XZ-cq-]-a-\m-a-bw.
b GX-Zzn-Zp-car
XmkvtX `h´ytYXtc ZpxJ-ta-hm-]n-b-´n.
apt¼ hÀ®n-¨ n-« pÅ B lnc-W y-K À`-t ¯-¡ mÄ
bmsXm¶v FÃm {]Im-c-¯nepw AXy´w DÂIr-jSv -am-bn-
cn-¡p-¶pthm B ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßmhv BIm-c-c-ln-X\pw
FÃm hnIm-c-§-fmepw iq\y-\p-am-Ip-¶p. bmsXmcp alm-]p-
cp-j ³ Cu ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hns\ Adn-bp-¶ pthm
At±lw Aa-c-\mbn `hn-¡p¶p þ \nXy-ambn P\-\-acW§-
fn \n¶pw apà-\m-Ip-¶p. F¶m bmsXm-cp-¯³ Ct±-
ls¯ Adn-bm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm A§n-s\-bp-Å-h-scÃmw
\nÝ-b-ambpw IqsS-¡qsS ZpxJ-§sf A\p-`-hn-¨p-sIm-­n-
cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m a\p-jyÀ \nXy-ambn ZpxJ-§-fnÂ
\n¶pw tamNn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xn\pw ]c-am-\-µ-kz-cq-]-\mb ]c-am-
ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-ambn At±-ls¯ Adn-b-Ww.
11. kÀÆm-\\-in-tcm-{Kohx kÀÆ-`q-X-Kplmibx.
kÀÆ-hym]o k `K-hmw-kvX-kvamXv
kÀh-KXx inhx.
FÃm Øm\-§fpw kÀtÆ-iz-c-\mb B `K-hmsâ apJ-
am-Ip-¶p. FÃm Øm\-§fpw incÊpw Kfhpw BIp-¶p.
Hmtcm Øm\¯pw Hmtcm Ah-b-h-§Ähgn \S- ¯- s¸-tS­
Imcy-§Ä \S- ¯p-¶- Xn At±lw kaÀ°-\m- W.v At±lw
FÃm Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw lrZb cq]-am-Ip¶ IÃym-W-kz-cq-]-
\mb B ]c-ta-iz-c³ FÃm Øm\-§-fnepw F¯n-s¡m-
­n-cn-¡p-¶p. km[-I³ At±-ls¯ GXp-k-abw Fhn-sS,
GXp- cq-]-¯n {]Xy- £- ambn ImWp-hm-\m-{K- ln-¡p-¶pthm
AtX- k-abw AtX- Ø-e¯v AtX- cq-]- ¯n At±-l- ¯n\p
{]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p.
N P
K
kXz-s skyh {]hÀ¯-Ix.
kp\nÀ½-em-anamw {]m]vXn-ao-imt\m
tPymXn-c -hy-bx.
\nÝ-b-ambn Ct±lw FÃm-¯n- t\bpw `cn-¡p-¶-h\pw
alm\pw {]`phpw AXp-t]mse Ahn-\m-inbpw {]Im-k-kz-
cq] ]c-a-]p-cp-j-]p-cp-tjm-¯a\pam-W.v t\ct¯ ]d-ªn-cn-
¡p¶ Cu ]ca \nÀ½-e-`m-h¯ - nsâ AXm-bXv Xsâ B\-
µ- a-b- amb hnip-²-cq-]- ¯nsâ {]m]vXn-¡p-th­n a\p-jysâ
A´x-Ic - -Ws¯ t{]cn-¸n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. Hmtcm a\p-
jy-t\bpw Ct±lw X¶n-te-bv¡m- IÀjn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p.
F¶n-cp- ¶mepw AÚm-\n-I-fm-bp- Å-hÀ FÃm-{]- Im-c-¯n- ep-
apÅ ku`m-Ky-§Ä {]m]n-¨n«pw At±-l-¯nsâ t{]W-{]-
Imcw At±-ls¯ {]m]n-¡p- ¶- Xn-\p-th­n {]hÀ¯n- ¡p-¶n-
Ã. Cu ImcWwsIm-­p-Xs¶ AhÀ AeªpXn-cnªp \S-
¡p-¶p.
13. AMvKp-jvT-am{Xx ]pcptjm´cmßm
kZm P\m\mw lrZtb k¶n-hnjvSx
lrZm a\zotim a\-km-`n\p]vtXm
b GXZv hnZp-c-ar-XmkvtX `h-´n.
AwKp-jvT- am-{X-amb ]cn-am-W-t¯m-Sp-IqSn A´-cym-an-
bmbr ]c-ta-iz-c³ Ft¸mgpw a\p-jy-cpsS lrZ-b-§-fnÂ
kay-¡mb coXn-bn ØnXn-sN-¿p-Ibpw a\-Ênsâ kzman-
bm-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AXp-t]mse \nÀ½-el - r-Z-
bhpw hnip-²-a-\Êpw hgn-bmbn [ym\-¯n sIm­p-h-
¶n«p {]Xy£am-Ip-¶p. bmsXmcp km[-I³ Cu ]c-{_Ò
]c- ta-iz-cs\ Adn-bp-¶p- hthm At±lw Aa-c- \mbn `hn¡p-
¶p. AXm-b Xv Fs¶- t¶-b v ¡ p- a mbn P\- \ -a -c -W - § -
fnÂ\n¶pw apà-\m-bn-¯o- cp¶p; Aar-X-cq-]-\m-bn-¯o-cp-
¶p. a\p-jysâ lrZbw AwKpjvT¯nsâ Af-thm-Sp-Iq-Sn-
b-Xm-Ip-¶p. AXp-Xs¶ ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ D]-e-_[ v n-¡p-Å-
Øm-\hpw AXn-\m ChnsS ]c-am-ßm-hns\ AMvKp-jvT-
am-{X- amb ]cn-Wm-a-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³ F¶p hÀ®n-¡p-¶p.
14. kl-{k-ioÀjm ]pcpjx kl-{km£x
kl-{k- ]mXv
k `qanw hniztXm hrXzm-Xy-Xn-jvT-±-im-MvKp-ew.
B ]c-a-]p-cp-j-]-c-ta-iz-c\v Bbn-c-¡-W-¡n\p inc-Êp-
Ifpw Bbn-c-¡-W- ¡n- \p I®p-Ifpw Bbn- c- ¡-W-¡n\p ]mZ-
§-fp-ap-­v. AXm-bXv FÃm Ah-bh§fnÂ\n¶pw cln-X-
\m-bn-cp-¶n«pw At±-l-¯n\p inc-Ê,v I®p-IÄ, ]mZ-§Ä
BZn-bmb FÃm Ah-bh§fpw A\-´hpw Akw-Jy-hp-
ambn D­v. kÀÆ-i-àn-am-\mb B ]c-ta-iz-c³ FÃm temI-
§-tfbpw FÃm `mK-§-fnÂ\n¶pw hebw sNbvXp-sIm­v
kÀh{X hym]vX-ambn \m`n-bnÂ\n¶pw ]¯w-Kpew apI-fn-
em- bn«v lrZ- bm-Im-i-¯n hkn-¡p-¶p. At±lw kÀÆ-hym-
]nbpw alm\pw Bbn-¯s¶ lrZ-bc - q-]-am-Ip¶ GI-Ø-
 152

I e¯p ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. At±lw At\Iw hpcp² [À½- K

§-fpsS B{i-b-am-Ip-¶p.
15. ]pcpj GthZw kÀÆw bZv`qXw b¨ `hyw
DXm-ar-X-Xz-t ky-imt\m bZ-t¶-\m-Xn-tcm-l-Xn.
bmsXm¶v `qX- I m-e-¯ n kw`-hn-¨p-I -g n-ª n-cn-¡p-
¶pthm bmsXm¶v `mhn-bn kw`-hn-¡m-\n-cn-¡p-¶pthm
bmsXm-¶p hÀ¯am\-Im-e-¯n A¶w hgn-bmbn AXm-
bXv `£-W-]-ZmÀ°-§Ä hgn-bmbn hfÀ¶p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-
¶p- thm, B ]qÀ®- amb PK¯p ]c- a-]p-cp- j-\mb ]c-am- ßm-
hnsâ Xs¶ kzcq-]-am-Ip-¶p. At±lw kzb-am-bn-¯s¶
Xsâ kzcq-]-`q-X- amb ANn-´y-ià - n-tbm-Sp-IqSn Cu cq]-
¯n {]Xy-£-am-Ip-¶p. AXp-t]mse At±lw Aar-X- kz-
cq-]-am-Ip¶ tam£-¯ nsâ bP-am-\-\m-Ip-¶p. AXm-bXv
Pohn-Isf kwkm-c-_Ô\§-fnÂ\n¶pw tamNn-¸n¨v Xs¶
{]m]n-¡p-¶-h-cm-¡n-¯oÀ¡p-¶p. AXn-\m At±-ls¯ cq]-am-Ip¶ Cu {]]-©s¯ Xsâ A[o-\-¯n sh¨p-
{]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn- ¶-`nejn¡p- ¶p. km[-I- ·mÀ At±-l-¯nsâ sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶ B {]Im-i-a-b-\mb ]c-ta-iz-c\v c­p
ic-W-¯n sN¶p-tN-c-Ww.
16. kÀÆXx ]mWn-]mZw XXv
kÀhtXm£nintcm apJw
kÀÆXx {ipXn-a-tÃmtI kÀÆ-am-h rXy
XnjvT -X n. ¡p¶p CsXÃmw a\-Ên-em¡n a\-Êns\ Fhn-Sw-hsc kpK-
B ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ ImÂ, ssI, inc-Êv, apJw, sNhn a- ambn Ønc-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm³ km[n- ¡ptam Ahn-Sw-hsc At±-
FÃmw Øm\-§-fm-Ip-¶p. B FÃm Øm\§fpw FÃm ls¯ [ym\n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡-Ww.
iàn- tbm-Spw-IqSn {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-Xn kaÀ°-§-fm-bn-cn-
¡p-¶p. At±lw FÃm-Øm-\¯pw Xsâ `à-·msc c£n-
¡p-¶-Xn\pw AXp-t]mse Ahsc X¶nte¡p kzoI-cn-¡p-
¶-Xn\pw Ic§Ä \o«n-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. At±-l¯ - nsâ
`à-·mÀ At±-ls¯ FhnsS B{K-ln-¡p-¶pthm Ahn-
sS-¯s¶ At±lw F¯n- bn-cn-¡p-¶- Xmbn ImW-s¸- Sp-¶p.
At±lw FÃm-Ø-e¯pw FÃm Pohn-Ifpw hgn \S-¯-s¸-
Sp¶ IÀ½-§sf I­p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ
`à-·mÀ FhnsS At±-ls¯ {]W-an-¡p-¶pthm (F- Ãm-bn-
S¯pw hym]vX-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-Im-c-Ww) Ahn-sS-¯ s¶
At±-l-¯nsâ Nc-W-§fpw incÊpw ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p.
Xsâ `à-·m-cpsS {]mÀ°-\IÄ tIÄ¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n
At±-l- ¯nsâ IÀ®-§Ä F§pw D­m-bn-cn- ¡p-¶p. Xsâ
`à-·m-cm AÀ¸Ww sN¿-s¸-Sp¶ hkvXp¡sf A\p-`-
hn-¡p-¶-Xn\v At±-l-¯nsâ apJw FÃm-bn-S¯pw X¿m-
dmbpw Ccn-¡p-¶p. B ]c-ta-iz-c³ Cu {_Òm-WU v -¯nÂ
FÃm-¯n- s\bpw FÃm `mK-§-fnÂ\n¶pw hebw sNbvXp
ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. Cu Imcy-§-sfÃmw hniz-kn¨v a\p-jyÀ
At±-l-¯nsâ tkh-\-¯n hym]r-X-cm-bn-cn-¡-Ww.
17. kÀtÆ-{ µn-b-Kp-Wm-`mkw kÀtÆ-{µn-b-hn-
hÀÖnXw
kÀÆky {]`p-aoim\w kÀÆky
icWw _rl-Xv.
kÀÆ-i-àn-am-\mb ]c-a-]p-cp-j-\-]-c-am-ßmhv ka-ktv X-
{µn-b-c-ln-X-\m-Wv. tZtl-{µn-bmZn t`Z-§-fm iq\y-\m-bn-cp-
¶n«pw FÃm C{µnbhnj-b-§-tfbpw Adn-bp-¶p. AXp-
t]mse FÃm-¯n-sâbpw kzmanbpw ]c-a-k-aÀ°\pw FÃm-
¯n- s \bpw `cn-¡ p-¶ -h \pw Pohn-I sf kw_\v[ n¨n-
St¯mfw Gähpw henb B{i-bhpw BIp-¶p. a\p-jy³
FÃm `mh-§-tfm-Spw-IqSn At±-l-¯n¯s¶ icWw
{]m]n-¡-Ww. a\p-jy-i-co-cw-sIm-­pÅ Gä-hpw henb D]-
tbmKw CXm-Ip-¶p.
18. \h-Zzmtc ]ptc tZlo lwtkm
teem-btX _lnx
hio kÀÆky temIky Ømh-cky
Ncky N.
Ømh-c-Pw-K-a-§-fmb FÃm Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw kapZmb
IÀ®-§fpw c­p \mkn-Im-Zzm-c§ - fpw Hcp apJhpw Hcp
KpZhpw Hcp enwKhpw D­v. C{]-Imcw H³]-Xp-hm-Xn-ep-I-
tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb a\p-jy-i-co-c-cq-]-am-Ip¶ \K-c-¯n At±lw
A´-cym-an- cq-]-t¯m-Sp-IqSn ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. At±-lw-Xs¶
Cu _mly-{]-]-©¯ - nepw eoe-IÄ \S-¯n-s¡m-­n-cn-
kw_Ôw þ At±lw ka-ktv X- {µnb§fm cln-X-\m-bn-
cp-¶n«pw FÃm C{µn-b§
- -fp-tSbpw hnj-b§
- sf Adn-bp-
¶p. CXp IqSp-XÂ kv]jvS-am-¡p-¶p.
19. A]m-Wn-]mtZm Pht\m {KloXm
]iy-Xy-N£px k irtWm-Xy-IÀ®x
k th¯n thZyw \ N XkymkvXn th¯m
Xam-lp-c{Kyw ]pcpjw alm-´w.
bmsXm-cp-¯sâ {]I-c-W-§Ä \S-¶ p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-
¶pthm B ]c- {_Ò ]c- am- ßmhv lkvX- c-ln-X-\mbncp¶n«pw
FÃm Øm\¯pw FÃm hkvXp-¡- tfbpw ]nSn-s¨-Sp-¡p-¶p.
AXp-t]mse ]mZ-c-ln-X- \m-bn-cp-¶n«pw AXn-thKw C-Ñm-\p-
k-c-W-ambn F§pw Ka-\m-K- a-\-§Ä \S-¯p-¶p. \b-\-c-ln-
X-\m-bn-cp-¶n«pw FÃm Øm\¯pw FÃmw I­p-sIm-­n-cn-
¡p-¶p. IÀ®-c-ln-X-\m-bn- cp¶n«pw FÃm Øm\- ¯p-\n¶pw
FÃmw {ihn-¡p-¶p. At±lw {Kmly-tbm-Ky-§-fmb PU-
tN-X-\h
- k- vXp-¡sf \¶mbn Adn-bp¶p; F¶m At±-
ls¯ Adn-bp-¶-h-cmbn Bcpw-Xs¶ CÃ. bmsXm-cp-¯³
FÃm-än-s\bpw Adn-bp-¶-h-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm At±-ls¯
BÀ¡-dn-bm³ km[n-¡p¶p? At±-l-¯nsâ hnj-b-¯nÂ
Úm\n-I-fmb alm-ßm¡Ä ]d-bp-¶Xv At±lw AJn- e-
¯n-sâbpw BZnbpw ]pcm-X\pw alm-]p-cp-j\pw BIp¶p
F¶m-W.v

N P
 153
I 20. AtWm-cW
- o-bm³ altXm alo-bmþ
\mßm Kplmbmw \nlntXmky Pt´mx.
Xa-{IXpw ]iyXn hoX-timtIm
[mXpx {]km-Zm-·-ln-am-\-ao-iw.
kq£va-s¯- ¡mÄ AXn-kq-£vahpw Øqe-s¯-¡mÄ
A-Xn-Øq-ehpw Bb B ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßmhv Cu Pohn-
I-fpsS lrZ-bc - q-]-am-Ip¶ Kpl-bn Hfn¨p-h-kn-¡p-¶p.
FÃm-s¯bpw krjvSn-¨n-cn-¡p¶ B ]c-ta-iz-csâ Ir]-
bm¯s¶ a\p- jyÀ¡v kzmÀ°k¦ev] cln-X\pw Ir]m-
I-c\pw ]c-a-kp-lr-¯p-amb ]c-ta-iz-c-s \bpw At±-l-
¯nsâ aln-a-tbbpw {Kln-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶p. B ]c-
a-Z-bm-ep-hmb ]c-ta-iz-csâ Cu km£m-Xv¡mcw D­m-Ip-
t¼mÄ Fs¶-t¶-bv¡p-ambn FÃm {]Im-c-¯n-ep-apÅ ZpxJ-
§-fnÂ\n¶pw apà-\mbn ]c-am-\µ kzcq-]-\mb ]c-ta-iz-
cs\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
21. thZm-l-ta-X-a-Pcw ]pcmWw
kÀÆm-ßm\w kÀÆ-KXw hn`p-Xzm-Xv.
P·\ntcm[w {]h-Z´n bky
{_Ò-hm-Znt\m ln {]h-Z´n \nXyw.
thZ- c- l- ky-§sf hÀ®n- ¡p¶ alm- ]p-cp- j- ·mÀ bmsXm- Bßmhpw At±lw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. AXn- \m Ch- sbÃmw
cp-¯s\ P·-c-ln-X- \mbpw AXp-t]mse \nXy-\mbpw hnh- At±-l-¯nsâ cq]-am-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw ]qÀ®-amb PK-
cn-¡p-¶pthm At±lw hym]-I-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-Im-cWw ¯nsâ cq]-¯n B ]c-am-ßm-hn-s\-¸än Nn´n-¡-Ww.
F§pw hncm-Pn-¨p-sIm-­n-c n-¡p- ¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯-\mÂ
bmsXm-cp-Ø m-\hpw iq\y-am-Im-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp-
¯³ Pc, arXyp apX-emb FÃm hnIm-c-§-fnepw \n¶p
kÀÆYm c lnX\pw kÀÆ-¯n-sâbpw BZn-]p-cm-W] - p-cp-
j\pw Bbn-cn-¡p-¶pthm kI-e-¯n-sâbpw Bßmhpw
A´-cym-an-bp-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm B ]c-ta-iz-c s\ Rm³
Adn-bp¶p F¶v ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n¨p alm-ßm-¡Ä
]dbp- ¶p.
NXpÀYm- ² ymbw
1. b GtImhÀt®m _lp[m iàn-tbm-KmZv
hÀ®m-\-t\-Im³ \nln-XmÀtYm Z[mXn
hn ssNXn Nmt´ hniz-amZu k tZhx
k t\m _p²ym ip`bm kwbp-\-àp.
bmsXmcp ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-am-ßmhp \ncm-Im-c-kz-cq-]-¯nÂ
cp]-hÀ®mZn cln-X-\m-bn-cp-¶n«pw krjvSn-bpsS Bcw-`-
¯n GtXm cl-ky-]qÀ®-amb Dt±iw ImcWw Xsâ
kzcq]`qX-§-fmb \m\m-{]-Im-c-¯n-epÅ iàn-I-fpsS
kw_-Ô-t¯m-Sp-IqSn At\I-§-fmb cq]-hÀ®m-Zn-Isf
[mcWw sN¿p-¶p. AXp-t]mse Ah-km\w Cu ]qÀ®-
amb PK¯v bmsXm-cp-¯-\n hneo-\-am-Ip¶p AXm-bXv
Xsâ {]tbm-P-\-¯n-\m-bn-«-ÃmsX Pohn-IÄ¡p ku`m-Ky-ap-
N P
­m-Ip-¶-Xn\p th­n-am{Xw Ah-bpsS IÀ½m-\p-k-c-W- ambn K
Cu \m\m-hÀ®-cq-]-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb PK-¯nsâ cN-\bpw
]me-\phw kwlm-chpw \S-¯p-I-bpw Imem-Im-e-§-fnÂ
Bh-iy-a-\p-k-cn¨v At\I cq]-§-fn {]Xy-£-am-hp-Ibpw
sN¿p¶p B ]c-a-tZ-h\ - mb ]c-ta-iz-c³ hmkvX-h-¯nÂ
GI\pw AZzn-Xo-b-\p-am-Ip-¶p. At±-l¯ - nÂ\n¶pw AXn-
cn-à-ambn H¶pw Xs¶- bn-Ã. At±lw \ap¡v kÂ_p²n
{]Zm\w sN¿p-am-dm-I-tW.
kw_Ôw þ C{]-Imcw {]mÀ°n-t¡-­-hn[w ]d-ªp-I-gn-
ªp. C\n aq¶p a{´-§Ä hgnbmbn ]c-ta-iz-cs\ PK-
¯nsâ cq]-¯n Nn´n-¨p-sIm­v At±- ls¯ kvXpXn-¡p-
¶-Xn-\pÅ hn[-§Ä \nÀt±-in-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
2. XtZ-hm-án-kX
v Z- m-Zn-Xy-kvX-ZzmbpkvXZp N{µamx
XtZh ip{Iw XZv {_Ò XZm-]k
- vXXv
{]Pm-] -X nx.
Aán, Pew, kqcy³, hmbp, N{µ³, aäpÅ {]Im-in-
¡p¶ FÃm \£{X-§-fpw, {]Pm-]-Xn-IÄ, {_Òmhv Ch-
sbÃmw ]c{_Òw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. Ch-sbÃmw GI\pw
AZzn-Xo-b-\p-amb ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-csâ hn`q-Xn-IÄ Xs¶-
bm- I p- ¶ p. Ch- s b- Ã m- ¯ n- s âbpw A ´- c ym- a n- b mb
3. Xzw kv{Xo Xzw ]pam-\kn Ipam-ckv Xzw
DX hm Ipamco
Xzw PoÀt®m ZWvtU\ h©kn Xzw
PmtXm `hkn hniz-tXm-ap-Jx.
tl kÀth-iz-cm, A§v kv{Xo, ]pcp-j³, Ipam-c³,
Ipamcn BZn-bmbn At\Iw cq]-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\m-Ip-¶p.
AXm-bXv Ch-sb-Ãm-¯n-sâbpw cq]-¯n A§p {]I-S-
am-bn-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. A§p-Xs¶ hr²-\m-bn«v hSn-bpsS
klm-b-¯m \S-¡p¶p; AXm-bXv A§p-Xs¶ hr²-cq-
]-¯n {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. tl ]c-am-ß-³, A§p-Xs¶
hncmSv cq]-¯n {]Xy-£-am-bn«v FÃm `mK-t¯bv¡pw
apJw Xncn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡¶p; AXm-bXv ]qÀ®-amb Cu
PK¯v A§-bp-sS-kz-cq]w Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. temI-¯nÂ
F{Xtbm apJ-§Ä ImW-s¸- Sp¶p. Ah- sbÃmw A§-bpsS
Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p.
4. \oex ]XMvtKm lcntXm temln-Xm-£þ
kvXUn-ZvKÀ` EXhx kap{Zmx
A\m-Zn-aXzw hn`p-tXz\ hÀ¯tk
btXm PmXm\n `ph-\m\n hnizm.
`K-hm-t\, kÀÆ-t´- cym-an-bmb A§p \oe-hÀ®-t¯m-
Sp-Iq-Snb Nn{X-i -e-` hpw AXp-t]mse lcn-X-h˨hpw
Nph¶ I®pIfpapÅ ]£nbpw BIp¶p; A§p-Xs¶
 154

I hnZy-¯n-\m bpà-amb taL-am-Ip-¶p. hk-´m-ZnIfmb kw_Ôw þ ]cm-{]-Ir-Xn-cq-]-amb B Poh-k-ap-Zm-b-¯n\v K

FÃm EXp-¡fpw k]vX-k-ap-{Z-§fpw A§-bpsS cq]w-X-s¶- Ft¸mÄ F§s\ hnap-à-am-Ip-hm³ Ign-bp¶p F¶p
bm-Ip-¶p. AXm-bXv Cu \m\m-{]-Im-c-¯n-epÅ hÀ®- ASp¯ c­p a{´-§-fn-embn ]d-bp¶p þ
cq]§tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb FÃm PU-tN-X-\-hk - vXp-¡-fpsS cq]-
6. Zzm kp]˨m kbpPm kJmbm
¯n Rm³ A§sb¯s¶ ZÀin-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p.
F´p- sIm-s­- ¶m A§n \n¶p-Xs¶ Cu FÃm temI- kam\w hr£w ]cn-j-kz-PmtX
§fpw Ah-bn hkn-¡p¶ FÃm Poh-Pm-e-§fpw DÛ- Xtbm-c\yx ]n¸ew kzmZz-Xyþ
hn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. hym]-I-amb cq]-¯n A§p-Xs¶ FÃm- \iv\-¶t\ym A`n-Nm-I -io-Xn.
¯nepw hncm-Pn-¡p-¶p. AXp-t]mse Ahy-àhpw Poh-cq-
Cu a{´- ¯n ico-cs¯ Aiz-°-hr-£-¯nsâbpw
]hpw Bb A\mZn {]Ir-Xn-bpsS (C-h-]c - m, A]cm F¶
Pohm-ßm-hn-sâbpw ]c-am-ßm-hn-sâbpw ]£nIfpsSbpw
t]cn hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p) bP-am-\\pw A§p-Xs¶ BIp-
cq]-¯n hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. CXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ ItTm-]-\n-
¶p. AXn-\m GI- am-{X-\mb A§sb¯s¶ Rm³ FÃm-
j-¯n Pohm-ßm-hn-s\bpw ]c-am-ßm-hn-s\bpw Kpl-bnÂ
¯n- sâbpw cq]-¯n ZÀin-¡p-¶p.
{]hn-jvS-amb \ng- en-sâbpw {]Im-i-¯n-sâbpw cq]-¯nÂ
kw_Ôw þ ]qÀÆ-a-{´-¯n ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-ta-iz-cs\ c­p hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. c­p Øm\-§-fp-tSbpw `mhw H¶p-X-
{]Ir-Xn-I-fpsS kzman-sb¶p ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. B c­v s¶. a{´-¯nsâ kmcmwiw a\p-jy-i-cocw BÂhr-£-
A\m-Zn-{]-Ir-Xn-IÄ GsXÃmw? CXns\ hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p¶p þ ¯n\p ka-am-Ip¶p F¶m-W.v Cuiz-c\pw Pohm-ßmhpw þ
5. APm-taImw temlnX ip¢IrjvWmw Ch c­pw H¶n¨p hkn-¡p¶ c­p ]£n-Is - f-t¸m-se-
bpÅ an{X-§-fm-Ip-¶p. Ch c ­pw Cu ico-c-cq-]-am-Ip¶
hÓox {]Pmx krP-am\mw kcq]mx
hr£- ¯n H¶n¨v Htc lrZ-b-cq-]-am-Ip¶ amf-¯n \nh-
AtPm tlytIm Ppj-amtWm\ptitX kn-¡p-¶p. ico-c-¯n hkn-¨p-sIm­v {]mcm-_v[-§Ä¡-
Plm-tXy\mw `pàt`mKm-a tPm\yx. \p-k-c-W- ambn Cu hr£-¯nsâ ^e-§tfm F¶p tXm¶p-
amdv kpJ-ZpxJ cq]-§-fmb IÀ½- ^-e-§sf {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
Ignª a{´-¯n kqNn-¸n¨ c­p {]Ir-XnIfnÂ
Cu ^e-§sf Pohm-ß-cq-]-am-Ip¶ ]£n AXn-kzm-tZm-Sp-
H¶m-Is« KoX-bn hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p¶p A]-c-bm-Ip-¶p.
IqSn `pPn-¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv lÀj-tim-I-§sf A\p-`-hn-¨p-
AXn\v F«p t`Z-§fpw ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. CXv Xsâ A[n-
sIm­p IÀ½-^-es¯ t`mKn-¡p-¶p. c­m-as¯ Cuiz-c-
jvTm-Xm-hmb ]c-a-tZ-h-]-c-ta-iz-csâ km¶n-[y-¯n Xtâ-
cq-]-am-Ip¶ ]£n Cu ^e-§sf `£n-¡p-¶n-Ã. I­p-sIm-
Xs¶ kmZr- i y- ¯ n AXm- b Xv {Xn¡p- K p- a -b - a mb
­p-am{Xw Ccn-¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv Cu ico-c-¯m {]m]vX-
AkwJyw Poh-tZl§sf krjvSn- ¨n-cn-¶p. {XnKp-W-ambn
§-fmb kpJ-Zpx-J-§sf AXv Bkz-Zn-¡p-¶nÃ; Ah-bpsS
AYhm {XnKp-Wm-ß- I- am-b-Xn-\m CXns\ {XnhÀ®-§-tfm-
km£n- am-{X-am- bn-¯o-cp- ¶-tX-bp-Åq. ]c-am- ßm-hn-s\- t¸mse
Sp-Iq-Sn-bXv F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. kXzw, cP-Ê,v XaÊv Cu aq¶p
Pohm-ßmhpw ZÀi- I³ am{X- am- bn-cn-¡p-I-bmsW¦n ]ns¶
KpW-§Ä Xs¶ CXnsâ aq¶p-hÀ®-§-fm-Ip-¶p. kXz-
CXn\v Ah-tbmSp bmsXmcp kw_-Ôhpw Ah-ti-jn-¡p-
KpWw \nÀ½-ehpw AXp-t]mse {]Im-i-I-hp-am-b-Xn-\mÂ
¶n-Ã. C§s\ Xs¶ Pohm-ßm-hnsâ kw_-Ô-¯nepw
AXns\ tizX-sa¶p Icp-Xp-¶p. ctPm-KpWw cmKm-ß-I-am-
ap³a- {´-§-fn ]d- ªn-cn- ¡p-¶-Xp- t]mse AXp {]Ir-Xnsb
Ip-¶p. AXn-\m AXnsâ hÀ®w Nph-¸mbn Icp-Xp-¶p.
A\p`hn¨-Xn-\p-tijw AXns\ \nÊm-c-ambn ]cn-K-Wn¨v
AX-t]mse Xtam-KpWw AÚm-\-cq-]¯ - nsâ Bh-cW - -
]cn-Xy-Pn-¡p-¶p. AXnÂ\n¶pw apJs¯ ]n´n-cn-¡p-¶p.
t¯m-Sp- Iq-Sn-b-Xm-I- bm IrjvW-hÀ®-ambn ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.
AXns\ kw_- Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw ]n¶oSv {]Ir-Xn-bpsS AXm-
Cu aq¶p KpW-§-tfm-Spw-IqSn {]Ir-Xnsb shfp-¸v, Nph-
bXv PK-¯nsâ k¯ Xs¶ CÃm-Xm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. ]ns¶-
¸v, Idp¸v F¶o hÀ®-§-fn ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. c­m-a-t¯Xv
bm-Is« AXpw AXnsâ an{Xhpw þ Ch-c­pw am{Xw
Poh-cq-]-amb ]c AYhm tNX-\m-{]-Ir-Xn-bpsS \ma-¯mÂ
Ahtijn-¡p-Ibpw ]c-k] v cw an{X-X-bpsS B\µw A\p-
t£{XÚ F¶ t]cnepw AXp-t]mse A£-c-]p- cp-jsâ
`-hn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
\ma- ¯nepw hÀ®\w sN¿-s¸-«n- cn- ¡p-¶p. AXn\v c­p `mK-
§- fp-­.v H¶m-a-t¯Xv A]cm {]Ir- Xn-bn Bk-à- \m-bn«v 7. kamt\ hrt£ ]pcptjm \na-támþ
AXn-t\mSv sFIyw {]m]n¨v AXnsâ hnNn-{X- §-fmb t`mK- \oibm timNXn aply-am\x
§sf X§-fpsS IÀ½-§Ä¡-\p-k-cW - -am-b-\p-`-hn-¡p¶
PqjvSw bZm ]iy-Xy-\y-ao-iþ
Pohn-IÄ, c­m-a-t¯Xv bmsXm-cp-¯À Cu t`mK§sfÃmw
A\p-`-hn-¨n«v Chsb \nÊmc§fpw £W-`w-Kpc§fp-am-bn- aky aln-am-\-anXn hoXtimIx.
¡-cpXn ]cn-]qÀ®-ambpw ]cn-Xy-Pn-¡p¶ Úm\n-I-fmb Cu ico-c-cq-]-am-Ip¶ Htc hr£-¯n lrZ-b-cq-]-am-
alm-]p-cp-j· - m-cpsS kaq-lw. Cu c­n-\-¯nepw s]«n-«p- Ip¶ IqSn-\p- Ån ]c- am-ßm- hn- t\m- sSm¯p Ign-ªp- Iq-Sp¶
Å-hÀ AP-·m-¡fpw A\m-Zn-I- fp-am-Ip- ¶p. CXn-\m Chsc Cu Pohm-ßmhv Xt¶m-Sp-IqSn hkn-¡p¶ ]ca kplr-
"AP-·mÀ' F¶p hnfn-¡p-¶p.*
N P
 155

I ¯mb ]c-ta-iz-csâ t\sc ZrjvSn-I-fp-bÀ¯msX Cu ico- fnÂ\n¶pw cNn-¨n-cn-¡-¶p. C{]-Imcw cNn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡¶ K

c-¯n¯s¶ Bk-à-am-bn«v taml-§-fn \na-á-ambn Cu PK-¯n aäp-Åh AXm-bXv t\cs¯ hÀ®n-¨n-«pÅ
ico-ct- ¯mSv AXy´w aaX ]peÀ¯n-s¡m­v AXp-hg- n- Úm\n-I-fmb alm-]p-cp-j-·m-cnÂ\n¶pw `n¶-ambn Poh-
bmbn t`mK-§sf D]t`mKn-¡p- ¶-Xn X¸-c-X-tbm-Sp-IqSn k-ap-Zm-ba - m-Ip-¶-am-b-bn _Ôn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. Xsâ-
hkn¨v Ak-aÀ°-X-bmepw Zo\-X-bmepw tamln-X-ambn kzm-an-bmb ]c-{_-Ò-]-c- ta-iz-cs\ km£m-XvI-cn-¡m-Xn-cn- ¡p-
\m\m- {]-Im-c- §-f n-e p-a pÅ ZpxJ-§ sf A\p-` -hn-¨p-sIm- ¶-Xp-hsc Ah\v Cu {]Ir-Xn-bnÂ\n¶pw tamN\w t\Sp-
­pIgnbp-¶p. Ft¸m-sg-¦nepw Ch-sâ-ta `K-hmsâ Zb- hm³ km[n-¡p-¶n- Ã. AXn-\m a\p-jyÀ¡v B ]c-am-ßm-
bp-­m-Ip-t¼mÄ Ch³ X¶nÂ\n¶pw `n¶hpw Xt¶m- hns\ Adn-bp-¶-Xn\pw {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-apÅ D¡- S-amb
sSm¯p hkn-¡p-¶-Xp-amb ]c-a-{]n-b-\mb `K-hms\ Xncn- A`n-emjw D­m-bn-cn-¡-Ww.
¨-dn-bp-¶p. bmsXm- cp-¯³ `à-P-\-§-fm \nc-´cw tkhn-
10. ambmw Xp {]IrXnw hnZym-·m-bn\w Xp
X-\m-bn-cn-¡p¶ B ]c-ta-iz-c-s\bpw AXp-t]mse At±-l-
atl- izcw
¯nsâ BÝ-cy-a-bn-bmb aln-a-tbbpw PK-¯n `n¶-`n-
¶-{]-Im-c-§-fn {]I-S-am-bn-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-¶-Xns\ ZÀin¨p Xkym-h-b -h-` q-s sX-k vX p- hym]vX w
Ign-bp-t¼mįs¶ Ah³ kÀÆYm timI-c-ln-X-\m-bn- kÀÆ-anZw PK-Xv.
¯ocp¶p. Cu {]I-c-W-¯n bmsXm-¶ns\ amb-bpsS \ma- ¯nÂ
8. EtNm A£tc ]cta thyma³ hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXm-Is« `K-hmsâ iàn-cq-]-{]-Ir-
bkvan³ tZhm A[n hntiz \ntjZpx Xnbpw B ambm-\m-a-¯m Adn-b-s¸-Sp¶ iàn- cq-]-{]-Ir-
Xn-bpsS A[n-]Xn ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-ta-iz-c-\mb atlizc-\p-am-Ip-
bkvXw \ thZ InarNm Icn-jyXn
¶p. C§s\ Ch c­n-t\bpw {]tXyIw {]tXy-I-ambn a\-
b CXv XZv hnZpkvX Cta kam-k-tX. Ên-em-¡- Ww. B ]c-ta-iz-csâ iàn- cq- ]-{]-Ir-Xn-bp-sS-X- s¶
]c-{_-Ò] - -c-ta-iz-csâ BIm-i-kz-cq-]-am-Ip¶ ]c-a-[m- AwK-`q-X-amb Imc-W-Imcy kap-Zm-b-¯m Cu k¼qÀ®-
a-¯n ka-kvX-tZ-h-K-W-§Ä AXm-bXv B ]c-am-ßm- P-K¯p hym]vX-am-bn-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-¶p.
hnsâ ]mÀj-Z-K-W-§Ä B ]c-ta-iz-cs\ tkhn- ¨p-sIm­p 11. tbm tbm\nw tbm\n-a-[n-Xn-jvT-tXytIm
\nh-kn-¡p-¶p. Ahn-sS-¯s¶ ka-kX v - th-Z- §fpw ]mÀj-
bkvan-¶nZw k N hn ssNXn kÀhw
Z-·m-cpsS cq]-¯n aqÀ¯n-a¯ - mb `K-hm³sd tkh-\-a-
\p-jvTn-¡p-¶p. bmsXmcp a\p-jy³ B ]c-a-[m-a-¯n hkn- Xaoim\w hcZw tZh-aoUyw
¡p¶ ]c-{_Ò ]pcptjm¯-as\ Adn-bm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm \nNm-t¿amw im´n-a-Xy-´-ta-Xn.
ka-kvX-thZ§fpw At±-l-¯n\v tkh-\-a-\pjvT n¡p¶ ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c³ Hmtcm tbm\n-bp-tSbpw GI-\mb
At±-l-¯nsâ Xs¶ AwK- `q-X-am- Ip¶ ]mÀj- Zvam- sc¶ cl- A²y-£- \m-Ip-¶p. At±lw temI-¯n F{X {]Im-c-§-
kys¯ Adn-bm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, Ah³ thZ-§Ä hgn- fn-epÅ Imc-W-§Ä AwKo-I-cn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶pthm Ah-
bmbn F´p {]tbm-P\w t\Spw? AXm- bXv bmsXm¶pw t\Sp- bpsS FÃmw A[n-jT v m-Xm-hm-Ip¶p. Ah-bn GsX-¦nepw
hm³ km[n-¡p-I-bn-Ã. F¶m bmsXm-cp-¯³ B ]c-am- Imcys¯ DÛ-hn-¸n-¡p- ¶-Xn-\pÅ iàn kÀÆ-Im- c-W- \mb
ßm-hns\ XmXzn-I-ambn {Kln-¡p-¶p-hthm Ah-\m-Is« B B ]c-am-ßm-hn³tdXm-Wv. At±-l-¯nsâ taÂt\m-«-¯nÂ
]c-a -[m-a-¯nÂXs¶ kay-¡m-b-hn-[-¯n ØnXn-sN- ¿p- Xs¶ Ah B Imcy-§-sfÃmw Dev]-¶-am-¡p-¶p. B ]c-
¶p. AXm-bXv Ahn-sS-\n¶pw Hcn-¡epw Xncn-¨p-t]m-cp ta-iz-c³ Xs¶ Ah-bpsS FÃmw taÂ`-cWw \S¯p-¶p.
-¶n-Ã. Ah-bpsS FÃm hyh-ØIfpw bYm-tbmKyw \S-¯-s¸-Sp-
9. Oµmwkn bÚmx {IXth {hXm\n Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Cu FÃm temI-§fpw {]f-b-Im-e¯v
`qXw `hyw b¨ thZm hZ´n At±-l-¯n¯s¶ hneo-\-am-Ip-Ibpw AXp-t]mse
ho­p-ap-­m-Ip¶ krjvSn-Im-e-¯Â At±-l-¯nÂ\n-¶p-
bkvam-·mbo krPtX hniz-ta-X-Xv.
Xs¶ hnhn[ cq]-§-fn DÛ- hn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. kÀÆ-
Xkvanw Ýmt\ym ambbm kw\n-cp-²x. \n-b-a-´mhpw hc-Zm-b-I\pw GI-am-{X-kvX p-Xn-tbm-Ky\pw
ka-kX v -th-Z-cq-]a
- mb Oµ-Êp-IÄ, bÚ-§Ä, {IXp- kÀÆ-kp-lr¯pw Bb ]ctaizc-]-ca - m-ßm-hns\ Adn-
¡Ä AXm-bXv tPymXn-jvtSm-amZn hntij bÚ-§Ä, ªn«v Cu Pohn-IÄ \nc-´cw kw`-hn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶
\m\m-{]-Im-c-¯n-epÅ {hX-§Ä, k¡À½-§Ä, kZm-Nm- ]c-a-\nÀÆm-W-cq-]-amb im´nsb {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
c-§Ä, Ah-bpsS \nb-a-§Ä AXp-t]mse aäp-Å-`q-Xw, 12. tbm tZhm\mw {]`-h-tÝm-Ûh
- Ý
hÀ¯-am-\w, `mhn ]ZmÀ°-§Ä Ch-bpsS hÀ®\w thZ-
hniz-[nt]m cpt{Zm alÀjnx
§-fn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. Ch-sb-Ãm-¯n-t\bpw {]Ir-Xn-bpsS
A[n-jT v n-Xm-hmb ]c-ta-iz-c³Xs¶ Xsâ Awi-`q-X-ambn lnc-Wy-KÀ`w ]iyX Pmb-am-\w
t\ct¯ ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. ]©-`q-XmZn XXz-k-ap-Zm-b-§- k t\m _p²ym ip`bm kwbp-\-àp.
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 156

I AJn-e-t¯bpw Xtâ-Xmb `c-W-¯n h¨p-sIm-­n-cn- \ne-\n-ev¡p-¶Xpw Ako-ahpw Ahn\minbpw AXn-i-b- K

¡p¶ cp{Z-cq- ]- t¯m- Sp-Iq- Snb ]c- ta-iz- c³ C{µmZn FÃm tZh- t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bX
- p-amb im´nsb {]m]n-¡p-¶p. F´p-sIm-
X-I-tfbpw krjvSn-¡p-Ibpw hfÀ¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. s­-¶m B alm-]p-cp-j³ Cu Aim´-amb PK-Xv
AXp-t]mse FÃm-¯nsâbpw A[n-]-Xnbpw alm-Úm-\- {]]©t¯mSp kÀÆYm kw_- Ô- c-ln-X\pw hnc-à-\p-am-
k-¼-¶\pw Bbn-cn-¡p-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ krjvSn-bpsS Ip-¶p.
Bcw-`-¯n Gä-hp-am-Zy-ambn DÛ-hn¨ lnc-Wy-KÀ`s¯
15. k Gh Imte `ph-\ky tKm]vXm
I­n-cp-¶pthm AXm-bXv bmsXm¶v {_Òm-hnsâ ]qÀÆ-
hÀ¯n-bm-bn-cp-¶pthm B ]c-a-tZ-h-\mb ]c-am-ßmhv \ap- hnizm-[n]x kÀÆ-`qtXjp KqVmx.
s¡Ãmw kÂ_p²n {]Zm\w sN¿tW. B kÂ_p²n bkvan³ bpàm {_ÒÀjtbm tZh-XmÝ
Pohn-Isf Ieym-W-cq-]-\mb ]c-am-ßm-hn-te¡p tNÀ¡p-¶- Xtahw ÚmXzm arXyp-]mimwivOn\-¯n.
Xn-\p-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p. Kmb-{Xo-a-{´- ¯nepw CtX _p²n-¡p-th-
bmsXm-cp-¯sâ hÀ®\w IqsS-¡qsS sN¿-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-
­n-¯s¶ {]mÀ°\ \S-¯p- ¶p. Cu D]- \n-j-¯nsâ Bcw-
¶pthm B ]c-a-tZh ]c-ta-iz-c³ Xs¶ ka-b-¯n\v AXm-
`-¯n Cu a{´w h¶p-I-gn-ªn-«p-­v.
bXv hÀ¯- am-\-Im-e-¯Â kIe {_Òm- WvU- t¯bpw kwc-
13. tbm tZh-\m-a-[nt]m bkvanw-tÃmIm A[n-{in-Xmx. £n-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse At±lw ]qÀ® PK-¯nsâ A[n-]-
b Cuti Aky Zzn]-Z-Ý-Xp-jv]Zx Ikvssa tZhmb Xnbpw FÃm Pohn-I-fnepw A´-cym-an-bmb cq]-¯n Hfn-
lhnjm hnt[-a. ªn-cn-¡p-¶-h-\p-am-Ip-¶p. At±-l-¯n¯s¶ thZ-c- l-
bmsXmcp kÀÆ- \n- b-´m-hmb ]c-ta-iz-c³ kakvX tZh- ky-§sf Adn-ªn-cn-¡p¶ alÀjn-K-W-§fpw FÃm tZh-
I-fp-tSbpw A[n-]X - n-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯-\n X-Ifpw [ym\w hgn-bmbn kmßyw {]m]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. FÃm-
ka-kX v - tem-I-§fpw FÃm {]Im-c-¯nepw B{in-X-am-bn-cn- hcpw At±-ls¯ kvacn-¡p-Ibpw Nn´n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp-
¡p-¶pthm bmsXm¶p Øqehpw kq£vahpw Ahy-à- sIm­v At±-l-¯n¯s¶ ]än-t¨À¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. C{]-
amb Ah-Ø-b nÂXs¶ FÃm-hn-[-¯ nepw FÃm-¯n- Imcw ]c-a-tZ-h\ - mb B ]ctaizcs\ Adn-ªn«v a\p-jyÀ
sâbpw B{i-b-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm¶v c­p ]mZ-§- ba- c m- P sâ FÃm ]mi§tfbpw AXm-bXp P\-\-a-c-W-Im-
tfmSpw \mep-]m-Z-§-tfmSpw IqSn-bh - b
- p-sS-ta AXm-bXv c- W - ` q- X - § - f mb FÃm _\v[-\§- -tfbpw apdn¨p-I-f-bp-¶p.
FÃm Poh-k-ap-Zm-b-§-fp-tS-bpw- ta Xsâ ANn-´y-i-àn- ]n¶oSv Ah³ Hcn-¡epw {]Ir-Xn-bpsS _Ô-\-¯n AI-
Zzmcm `cWw \S-¯p-¶pthm B B\-µ-cq-]\pw kÀÆm-[m- s¸-Sp-¶nÃ; Fs¶-t¶- b¡ v p-ambn kÀÆYm apà-\m-bn-¯o-
c\pw kÀÆ-i-àn-am\pw Bb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ \ap¡v {i²m- cp- ¶ p.
`-àn-]qÀÆw lhnÀcq-]-am-Ip¶ ImgvN kaÀ¸Ww sNbvXp- 16. LrXm-Xv]cw aWvU-an-hm-Xn-kq£vaw
sIm­v ]qPn-¡ mw. AXm- b Xv FÃmw At±-l -¯ n\p ÚmXzm inhw kÀÆ-`qtXjp KqVw.
kaÀ¸Ww sNbvXp-sIm­v At±-l-¯n-tâ-Xp-X-s¶-bm-¡n-
hniz-sskyIw ]cn-th-jvS n-Xmcw
¯oÀ¡mw. CXp-Xs¶ At±-ls¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ
kl-P-amb D]m-bw. ÚmXzm tZhw apNytX kÀÆ-]mssix.

14. kq£vam-Xn-kq£vaw Ien-eky at[y sh®-bpsS apIÄ`mK-¯pÅ kmcmw-i-s¯-t ¸mse

bmsXm¶v FÃm-¯ n³sdbpw kmchpw AXp-t]mse
hnizky {kjv Sm-a-t\-I-cq]w
kq£vahpw BIp-¶pthm Ieym-W-kz-cq-]\pw GI-am-{X- \p-
hniz-sskyIw ]cn-th-jvS n-Xmcw amb B ]c-a-tZh ]c-ta-iz-cs\ FÃm Pohn-I-fnepw Hfn-
ÚmXzm inhw im´n-a-´y-´-ta-Xn. ªn-cn-¡p-¶-h-\mbpw AXp-t]mse AJn- eP- -K-¯n-sâbpw
bmsXmcp ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-am-ß mhv kq£v at¯-¡mÄ FÃm`mK§fnÂ\n¶pw he-bw-sNbvXv AXns\ hym]vX-am-
AXy´w kq£vam-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXm-bXp bmsXm¶v ¡p-¶-h-\p-ambn Adn-ªn«p a\p-jyÀ FÃm _Ô-\-§-fnÂ
At±-l-¯nsâ Ir] IqSmsX {Kln-¡ -s ¸-Sp-¶ n-Ãtbm \n¶pw tamN\w {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
bmsXm¶v kI-e-Xnsâbpw lrZ-bK - p-lm-cq-]-am-Ip¶ cl- 17. Gj tZthm hniz-IÀ½m almßm
kykt¦X-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p¶pthm bmsXm¶v \t½mSv kZm P\m\m lrZtb k¶nhnjvSx
Gähpw ASp-¯n-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm¶v AJn-e-tem-I-
lrZm a\ojm a\-km-`n-¢n]vtXm
t¯bpw krjvSn-¡p-¶pthm AXp-t]mse kzbw hniz-cq-]-
ambn At\-I -c q-] - § sf [cn-¨ p-s Im-­ n-c n-¡ p-¶ pthm b GXZv hnZp-c-ar-XmkvtX `h-´n.
bmsXm¶p \ncm-Im-c-cq-]-t¯m-Sp-IqSn kakvX temI-§- {]]-©s¯ krjvS n¨ Cu alm-ßmhv AXm-bXv
tfbpw FÃm `mK-§-fnÂ\n¶pw he-bw-sNbvXp hkn-¡p- kÀÆiàn-am\pw kÀÆ-hym-]nbpw Bb Cu ]ctaizc³
¶pthm Ah- bs v ¡- Ãm-ap- ]-cn- bmbn GI\pw AZzn- Xob Ieym- kZm-k-a-bhpw FÃm a\p-jy-cp-tSbpw lrZ-b§
- -fn kay-
W-kz-cq-]\
- p-amb atlizc\ Adn-ªn«v a\p-jyÀ \nXyw ¡mb hn[-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ KpW-

N P
 157

I {]-`mh§sf {ihn-¨n«p {Zhn-Xhpw hnip-²-hp-amb \nÀ½-e- ikvkv' BIp-¶pthm bmsXm-¶nsâ alm-b-iÊv kÀÆ{X K
lr-Z-b-t¯mSpw \nÝ-eb - p-à-amb _p²n-tbmSpw AXp- {]kn-²-am- bn- cn-¡p- ¶pthm B ]cm-]- c- {_-Ò-¯n\p bmsXmcp
t]mse GIm-{K-amb a\-Êp-h-gn-bmbpw \nc-´- c-ambn [ym\n- D]-a-Ifpw {Kln-¡p-¶-Xn\pw {Kln-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw km[y-am-
¨m am{Xta B ]c- am-ßmhp {]Xy- £- am-I-bp-Åq. Cu cl- I- ¯-¡-hn-[- ¯n ImW- s¸- Sp- ¶n- Ã. AXn-\m a\pjyÀ B
ky-§sf {Kln- ¨n-«pÅ km[-I³ At±- ls¯ {]m]n¨v Aar- ]c-a-amb XXzs¯ Adn-bp-¶-Xn\pw {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw A`n-
X-kz-cq-]-\m-bn-¯o-cp¶p; Fs¶t¶bv¡p-ambn P\-\-a-c-W- em-j-ap-Å- h- cm- bn- cn-¡- Ww. F´p- sIm-s­- ¶m a\p-jyÀ¡v
§-fn \n¶pw apà-\m-Ip-¶p. AXp e`n-¡p-¶-Xm-sW-¦n \ap-¡p-aXp e`n-¡-Ww.
18. bZm Xa-kvX¶ Znhm \ cm{XnÀ 20. \ kwZrti XnjvTXn cq]-aky
\ k¶ Nmk-RvOnh Gh tIhex \N£pjm ]iyXn IÝ-ss\-\w.
lrZm lrZnØw a\km b G\þ
XZ-£cw XÕ-hn-XpÀh-tcWyw
tahw hnZp-c-ar-XmkvtX `h-´n.
{]Úm N XkvamXv {]krXm ]pcm-Wo.
bmsXm-¶nsâ {]I- cWw \S- ¶p-sIm-­n- cn-¡p- ¶pthm B
bmsXm-cp-k-a bw AÚm-X- c q-]-am- Ip¶ AÔ-Im-c- ]ca {]m]y-\mb ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ kzcq]w ZrjvSn-]-Y-¯nÂ
¯nsâ A`mhw D­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm B kabw {]Xy-£- \n¡p- ¶n- Ã. km[- I³ a\- Êphgnbmbn At±- ls¯ Nn´n-
am-Ip¶ XXzw ]Iepw cm{Xnbpw BIp-¶n-Ã. AXm-bXv ¡p-t¼mÄ hnip-²-amb A´x-I-c-W-¯n Hmtcmc ka-b-
AXns\ ]IÂt]mse {]Im-i-a-ba - mbpw cm{Xn-¡p-Xpeyw ¯mbn B\-µ-a-b-\mb ]c-ta-iz-csâ kzcq-]-¯nsâ an¶n-
AÔIm-c-ambpw ]d-bp-hm³ km²y-a-à . F´p-sIm-s­- a-d-b D­m-Ip-¶p. F¶m AXv \nÝ-e-am-bn-¡m-W-s¸-
¶m AXv c­n-s\-¡mfpw Akm-[m-c-Wm-Ip-¶p. AhnsS Sp-¶n-Ã. Cu ]c-am-ßm-hns\ BÀ¡pw {]mIr-X- §-fmb t\{X-
Úm\m-Úm-\-§-fpsS t`Z§Ät¡m Iev]-\-IÄt¡m §Ä hgn-bmbn ZÀin-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶n-Ã. bmsXm-cp-
Øm\-an-Ã. AXv k¯pw Ak¯pw BIp-¶n- Ã. AXns\ ¯\v Cu ]c-am-ßmhv kzbw Ir]-tbm-Sp-IqSn Znhy-ZrjvSn
ks¯¶pw Ak-s¯¶pw ]d-tb­ {]iv\ta DZn-¡p-¶n- {]Zm\w sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶pthm Ah\p am{Xw At±-ls¯
Ã. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m AXv ks¯¶pw Ak-s¯-¶p- Znhy-t\-{X-§-fm ZÀin-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p. bmsXmcp
apÅ \ma-§-fm Adn-b- s¸- Sp¶ FÃm hkvXp-¡-tf-¡mfpw km[I³ C{]-Imcw Cu clkyw a\-Ên-em¡n Xsâ lrZ-
AÛ p- X - I - c - a m- W v . GI- a m{X Ieym- W - k z- c q- ] - \ mb b-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. Cu A´-cym-an-bmb ]c-am-ßm-
inh³Xs¶ B XXz-am-Ip-¶p. At±lw kÀÆYm Ahn-\m- hns\ At±-l-¯sâ KpWw, {]`mhw Chsb {ihn-¨n«v
in-bm-Ip-¶p. kqcym-Zn-I-fmb FÃm tZh-I-fp-tSbpw D]m-ky- `àn-`m- h-¯m {Zhn-X-amb lrZ-bw- h-gn-bmbpw \nÀ½-e- amb
tZ-h-\m-Ip-¶p. At±-l-¯nÂ\n-¶p-Xs¶ BZn apXÂ \ne- a\-Êp-h-gn-bmbpw \nc-´cw At±-ls¯ Nn´n-¨p-sIm­p
\n¶ph-cp¶ Cu A\m-Zn-bmb Úm\w hnImkw {]m]n-¨p- a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ Aa-c-\m-bn-¯o-cp¶p þ \nXy-
sIm-­n-cn-¡p- ¶p. AXm-bXv ]c- am- ßm- hns\ Adn-bp-¶- Xn\pw ambn P\-\-a-c-W-§-fn \n¶pw apà-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
{]m]n- ¡p- ¶-Xn-\pw-th-­n-bpÅ km[\ A[n- Im- cn-I-fpsS ]c-
¼-c-bnÂ\n¶pw {]m]vX- ambn \ne-\n-¶p-h-cp-¶p. kw_Ôw þ C{]-Imcw ]c-ta- iz-csâ kzcq-]-t¯bpw At±-
l-¯nsâ {]m]vXn-bpsS ^e-t¯bpw hnh-cn-¨n«v C\n c­p
19. ss\\-aqÀ[zw \ Xncy©w \ at[y a{´- §- fn-embn BZyw apàn-¡p-th- ­nbpw ]n¶oSv kmwkm-
]cn- {P-{K- `Xv cn-I§- -fmb `b-§-fn \n¶pÅ c£- bv¡p-th-­nbpw B
\ Xky {]Xnam AkvXn bky \ma al-Zy-ix. ]c- ta-iz-c-t\mSp {]mÀ°n- ¡p-¶- Xn-\pÅ {]Im-c-§sf \nÀt±-
in-¡p-¶p.
]e a{´-§-fn-embn bmsXm-¶nsâ hÀ®\w \S-¯-s¸-
«n-c n-¡p-¶p-hthm ]ca {]m]y-a mb B ]c-{_-Òs¯ 21. APmX CtXyhw IÝnZv `ocpx {]]-ZytX
bmsXmcp a\p-jy\pw apI-fn \nt¶m Xmsg-\nt¶m CS- cp{Z-bt¯ Z£nWw apJw tX\ amw
bv¡p-\nt¶m asä-hnsS \n¶ptam Ic-Ø -am-¡p-hm³ km[n- ]mln \nXyw.
¡p-¶n-Ã. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m AXp kÀÆYm A{Km-ly-am-
Ip¶p þ ]nSn-bn-sem-Xp-§p-¶n-Ã. CXns\ Adn-bp-Ibpw {]m]n- tl cp{Zm, kI-e¯ - n-sâbpw kwlm-c-I-\mb ]c-ta-iz-
¡p-Ibpw sNt¿-­-Xmb Imcyw imkv{X-§-fn ImW-s¸- cm, A§v kzbw AP-·m-hm-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m aäp-Å-h-
Sp-¶p. Ahsb {]m]n-¨n-«p-Åh - À¡p am{Xta AXnsâ tcbpw P\- \-a-c-W-§- fnÂ\n¶p apà-cm-¡p-¶Xv A§-bpsS
clkyw a\-Ên- em-¡p-hm³ km[n- ¡p-¶p-Åq. AXpw hm¡p- kz`m-h-am-WtÃm? CXp-hn-Nm-cn¨v P\-\a
- -c-W-§sf `b-s¸-
I-fm hyà-am-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶n-Ã. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m «p- sIm- ­n-cn-¡p¶ km[I³ Cu kwkm- c-N- {I-¯nÂ\n¶pw
hm¡p-Ifpw a\Êpw Ahn-Sw-hsc F¯p-¶n-Ã. AXv Adn- tamN\w t\Sp- ¶-Xn- \p- th­n A§sb icWw {]m]n- ¡p¶p.
bp-¶-Xn\pw Adn-bn-¡p-¶ -Xn\pw ]äp¶ FÃm hkvXp- Rm\pw Cu kmwkm-cnI N{I-¯nÂ\n¶pw tamN\w t\Sp-
¡Ä¡pw AXo-X-am-Ip-¶p. bmsXm-¶nsâ \maw "alm-b- ¶-Xn-\p-th­n A§sb icWw {]m]n-¡p¶p. AXn-\mÂ

N P
 158
I bmsXm¶v A§-bpsS he-Xp-ap-J-am-Ip-¶pthm AXm-bXv
bmsXm¶v A§-bpsS Ieym-W-a-b-amb kzcq-]-am-bn-cn-¡p-
¶pthm AXp-h-gn-bmbn A§v Fs¶ Cu P\-\a - -c-Wc- q-]-
amb alm-`-b-¯nÂ\n¶pw Fs¶-t¶-b¡ v p-ambn c£n-¨m-
epw. Fs¶ \nXy-ambn Cu `b-¯nÂ\n¶pw apà-am-¡n-
bm- epw.
22. am \kvtXmtI X\tb am \ Bbpjn
am t\m tKjp
am t\m Atizjp cocn-jx. hocm·m t\m
cp{Z `man
tXm h[oÀ lhn-jva´x kZ-anXzm lhm-a-tl.
kI-e-t¯bpw kwl-cn-¡p-¶-h-\mb tl cp{Z-tZ-hm,
R§Ä \m\m- {]-Im- c-¯n- epÅ ImgvN-IÄ kaÀ¸n-¨p-sIm­v
Ft¸mgpw A§sb hnfn-¨p-sIm­p hkn-¡p-¶p. A§p-
Xs¶ R§sf c£n-¡p-¶-Xn kÀU-ÆYm kaÀ°-\m-Ip-
¶p. AXn-\m A§v R§-fp-sS-ta Hcn-¡epw Ip]n-X- \m-
Im-Xn-cn-¡q. AXp-t]mse Ip]n-X-\m-bn«v R§-fpsS ]p{X-]u-
{X- ·mÀ¡pw R§fpsS Bbp-Ên\pw IpXnc apX-emb arK-
§Ä¡pw Hcn-¡epw bmsXmcp hn[-¯n-ep-apÅ £Xw
Gev]n- ¡m-Xn-cn-¡-tW. R§-fpsS hoc- ·m-cmb ]pcp- j-·msc
\in-¸n- ¡m- Xn- cn-¡- tW. AXm- bXv FÃm {]Im-c-¯nepw R§-
tfbpw R§-fpsS [\-t¯bpw P\-§-tfbpw c£n-¨m-epw.
]©-a m-² ymbw
1. tZz A£tc {_Ò-]tc Xz\t´
hnZym-hntZy \nlntX b{X KqtV
£cw XzhnZym lyarXw Xp hnZym
hnZym-hntZ CuitX bkvXp tkm\yx.
bmsXmcp ]c-ta-iz-c³ {_Ò-s¯-¡mfpw AXy´w
t{ijvT-\m- bn- cn- ¡p- ¶pthm Xsâ amb- bpsS ad-bn Hfn-ªn-
cn-¡p-¶ pthm koam-c-ln-X\pw Ahn\min-bp-am-bn-cn-¡p-
¶pthm AXm-b Xv bmsXm-cp-¯³ tZi-Im-e-§ Ä¡p
kÀhvYm AXo-X-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯\v Hcn-
¡epw Hcp {]Im-c-¯nepw hn\miw kw`-hn- ¡p-hm³ km[y-
a-Ãm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm A{]-Im-c-apÅ ]c-am-ßm-hn hnZybpw
Ahn-Zybpw hncm-Pn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv c­pw
bmsXm-cp-¯ sâ B[m-c -¯ n-t·Â Dd-¨ n-c n-¡p-¶pthm
At±lw ]qÀ®-{_-Ò] - p-cp-tjm-¯ -a³ Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p.
ChnsS ]cn-hÀ¯-\-ioew IqSp-Ibpw Ipd- bp-Ibpw sNbvXp-
sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶ D¸¯n hn\mikoe£c-X- X zs¯
AhnZy F¶ t]cn ]d- ªn-cn-¡p- ¶p. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶mÂ
AXv PUw BIp-¶p. AXn hnZy-bp-sS, Úm\-¯nsâ,
kÀÆYm A`mhw D­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\p-hn-cp-² -ambn
bmsXm¶p P\-\a - -c -W-§-fn cln-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm
bmsXm¶v IqSp-Ibpw Ipd-bp-Ibpw sN¿m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm
N P
B Ahn-\m-in-Iq-S-Ø-XXzw (Po-h-k-ap-Zm-bw) hnZy F¶ K
t]cn hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m AXv tNX-\-
bm-Ip-¶p. hnÚm-\-a-b-am-Ip-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ Cu hnZy-
sb¶pw Ahn-Zy-sb-¶p-apÅ t]cn hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ £c-
¯n- sâbpw A£-c- ¯n-sâbpw ta `cWw \S- ¯p-¶pthm
c­n-sâbpw kzman-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm c­pw bmsXm-cp-
¯sâ iànbpw {]Ir-Xnbpw Bbn-cn-¡p-¶pthm B ]c-
ta-iz-c³ Cu c­n-s\-¡mfpw A\y\pw XnI¨pw km[m-c-
W-\p-am-Ip- ¶p.
2. tbm tbm\nw tbm\n-a-[n-Xn-jvT-tXytIm
hnizm\n cq]mWn tbm-\oÝ kÀÆmx
Ejnw {]kqXw I]new bkvXa - t{K
Úmss\À_n-`À¯n Pmb-am\w N ]tiy-Xv.
Cu {]]-©.-¯n tZh-IÄ, a\p-jyÀ, arK-§Ä, ]£n-
IÄ, IoS§Ä, Nn{X-i-e`- -§Ä apX-embn F{Xtbm tbm\n-
IÄ ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. AXp-t]mse Hmtcm-¶n\pw `n¶-§- fmb
cq]-§-fp-ap­v. Ah-sb-Ãm-¯n-sâbpw Ah-bp-sS Imc-W-
cq-]-§-fmb ]©-a-l-`q-Xm-Zn-bmb FÃm XXz-§-fp-tSbpw
A[n-]-Xn-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xp bmsXm-cp-¯t\m AXm-bXv Ch-
sbÃmw bmsXm-cp-¯sâ A[o-\-¯n-em-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm
bmsXm-cp-¯³ Gä-hp-amZyw P·-sa-Sp¯ I]ne alÀjnsb
AXm-bXv lnc-Wy-KÀ`-\mb {_Òm-hns\ Hmtcm kÀ¤-¯n-
sâbpw BZn-bn FÃm {]Im-c- ¯n-ep-apÅ Úm\-§- fmÂ
]cn-]p-jSv -am-¡p-Ibpw þ FÃm {]Im-c-¯n-ep-apÅ Úm\-
¯m k¼-¶-am¡n krjvSn-¡p-Ibpw AXp-t]me bmsXm-
cp-¯³ Gähpw BZy- ambn DÛ- hn- ¨n«v B lnc- Wy- KÀ`s¯
ZÀin-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXpthm At±lw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p.
kÀÆ- i-àn-am\pw kÀÆm-[m-chpw AJn-e-¯n-tâbpw kzman-
bp-amb ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-a³.
3. GssIIw Pmew _lp[m hnIpÀhþ
¶kvan³ t£t{X kwl-c-tXyj tZhx
`qbx krjvSzm ]X-b-kvX-tYix
kÀhm[n-]Xyw IpcptX alm-ßm.
bmsXm-cp-¯sâ {]I-c-W-§Ä XpSÀ¶p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-
¶pthm ]c-a-tZ-h-\mb B ]c-ta-iz-c³ Cu {]]-©-cq-]-am-
Ip¶ t£{X-¯n krjvSnIm-e-¯n Hmtcmtcm kaq-l-
§sf AXm-bXv _p²n apX- em-bh - bpw BIm-im-Zn-I-fmb
Xsâ {]Ir- Xn-Isf ]e-{]-Im-c- ¯n hn`-Pn- ¨n«v Hmtcm-¶n\pw
`n¶-`n-¶-amb cq]hpw \mahpw iànbpw \ÂIn Ahsb
hnI-k n-¸ n-¡p-I bpw kzbw sXs¶ {]f-b -I m-e-¯ nÂ
Ahsb FÃmw kwl-cn-¡p- Ipbw sNbvXp-sIm-­n-cn-¡p- ¶p.
alm-ßm-hmb B ]c-ta-iz-c³ krjvSn-Im-e¯ - nÂ, ap³
{]mh-iy-s¯-t¸m-se-Xs¶ ka-kvX-tem-I-§-tfbpw Ah-
bpsS A[n-]· - m-scbpw krjvSn¨n«v kzbw Ah-sb-Ãm-¯n-
sâbpw A[njvTmXm-hmbn Ah-bp-sS-ta `cWw \S-¯p-
¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ eoe ANn-´y-§-fm-Ip-¶p. Nn´n-¡p-
 159

I ¶-Xp-sIm­v At±-l-¯nsâ cl-ky-§Ä a\-Ên-em-¡p-hm³ B ]c-{_-Ò] K

- -c-am-ßm-hns\ thZ§fpsS cl-ky-hn-Zym-
km[n-¡p-¶-Xp-a-Ã. At±-l-¯nsâ `à-·mÀXs¶ B eoe- cq-]-amb D]-\n-j-¯p-¡-fn Hfn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv
I-fpsS cl-kys¯ am{Xta Aev]-ambn a\-Ên-em-¡p- At±-l-¯nsâ kzcq-]-hÀ®\w D]- \n- j-¯p-¡-fn cl-ky-
¶p-Åq. ambn sN¿-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶ p. thZw ]pd-s¸-«Xpw At±-l-
¯nÂ\n- ¶ pXs¶bm- I p- ¶ p. C{]- I mcw thZ- § -f nÂ
4. kÀhm Zni DuÀ[za-[Ý XncyIv
adªncn-¡p-¶-h\pw thZ-§-fpsS {]mI-Sy- Øm-\-hp-amb B
{]Im-i-b³ {`mPtX bZz-\-Uvhm³ ]c-ta-iz-cs\ {_Òmhv Adn-bp-¶p. At±-ls¯¡qSmsX
Ghw k tZh `K-hm³ htctWym asä-{Xtbm ]qÀÆ-hÀ¯n-I-fmb tZh-Ifpw Ejn-amcpw At±-
tbm\nkz`mhm\ [n XnjvT-tXy-Ix. ls¯ Adn- ª n-c n-¡ p- ¶ pthm Ah- s cÃmw At±- l -
¯n¯s¶ hneo-\-cmbn B\-µ-kz-cq-]-a-·m-cm-bn- ¯o-cp-
F{]-Imcw Cu kqcy³ Cu {]]-©s¯ FÃm `mK-§-
¶p. AXn-\m kÀÆ-i-àn-am\pw kÀÆm-[m-chpw AJn- e-
fn \n¶pw {]Im-in-¸n-¨p-sIm­p hncm- Pn-¡p- ¶pthm AtX-
¯n-sâbpw A[oi\p- amb ]c-am-ßm-hns\ apIfn ]dª
{]-Imcw B `K-hm³ þ kÀÆ-hn[ sFizcy§fm k¼-
{]Im-c-¯n AwKo-I-cn-¨n«v At±-ls¯ Adn-bp-¶-Xn\pw
¶\pw FÃm-h-cmepw `P-\-tbm-Ky-\p-amb ]c-a-tZ-h-]-c-ta-iz-
{]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw a\p-jyÀ X¸-c-cm-bn-¯o-c-Ww.
c³ þ GI-\m-bn-¯s¶ ka-kvXI - m-c-W-cq-]-§-fmb Xsâ
`n¶-`n¶iàn-I-fpsS A[n-jvTm-Xm-hmbn Ah-s b-sbÃmw kw_Ôw þ ]c-ta-iz-c³ FÃm Pnhn-It- fbpw Ah-bpsS
\bn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. FÃm-¯n\pw AXm-XpIfptS-Xmb IÀ½m-\p-kr-X-amb KpW- §-tfm-Sp-IqSn kwtbm-Pn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-
Imcy-§Ä \S-¯p-¶-Xn-\pÅ kmaÀ°yw \ÂIn bYm- ¶p. AXn-\m Pohm-ßm-hn³sd kzcq-]hpw \m\m-tbm-\n-
tbmKyw {]hÀ¯-\-§-fn hym]r-X-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. I-fn¡qSn Ncn-¡p-\-\-Xn-\pÅ Imc-Whpw ]d-bp-¶-Xn-\p-
th­n {]tXyI {]I-c-W-§Ä Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ apI-fn ]-d-ªn-cn-¡p¶ Imcy-¯n\v C\n
kv]jvSoI-cWw \ÂIp-¶p. 7. KpWm-\zmtbm bx ^e-IÀ½-IÀ¯m
5. b¨ kz`mhw ]NXn hniz-tbm\nx IrX-ky-X-sskyh k tNm]-t`m-àm.
]mNymwÝ kÀhm³ ]cn-Wm-a-tbZv bx k hniz-c q-]-k v{XnKp-W-kv{Xn-hÀßm
kÀh-ta-X Zv hniz-a-[n-X n-jvT-tXytIm {]mWm-[n]x kwN-cXn kzIÀ½-`nx.
KpWmwÝ kÀhm³ hn\n-tbm-P-tbZv bx. Cu a{´- ¯n {]I-cWw Bcw-`n-¡p-¶-Xp-Xs¶ Pohm-
ßm-hn\p "KpWm-\zb' hnti-j-Ww-sIm-­m-Wv. bmsXm¶v
bmsXm¶v Cu k¼qÀ®-hn-iz-¯nsâ Imc-W-am-Ip-
Poh-Kp-W- §-fm _Ôn-¡-s¸« {]Ir-Xn-bn ØnXn-sN-¿p-
¶pthm AXm-bXv bmsXm-¶n\p aäp bmsXmcp Imc-Whpw
¶-Xm-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXv P\-\-a-c-W-am-Ip¶ Cu kwkm-
CÃm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, PK-¯nsâ Imc-W-cq-]-§-fmbn ]d-b-
c-N-{I-¯n Id-§n-s¡m­ncn-¡p-¶p. bmsXm¶v KpWm-Xo-
s¸-Sp¶ FÃm XXz-§-fp-tSbpw iàn-cq] kz`m-hs¯
X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXp Id-§p-¶n-Ã. bmsXmcp Pohm-
bmsXm-cp-¯³ Xsâ k¦-ev]-cq-]-am-Ip¶ X]-¯m ]mI-
ßmhv kXzw, cP-Êv, XaÊv F¶o {XnKp-W-§-fm _Ôn-
s¸- Sp-¯p-¶pthm AXm- bXv BIm-im- Zn-I- fmb FÃm XXz-§-
¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXp \m\m-{]-Im-c-§-fn-epÅ IÀ½-
fp-tSbpw `n¶- §-fmb iàn- I {]f-b-Im-e-¯n ep]vX-
^-e-cq]§fmb t`mK§fpsS {]m]vXn- ¡p-th­n \m\m-{]- Im-
am-bn-Xo-cp-¶p-thm, Ahsb Xsâ k¦-ev]Z- zmcm ho­pw
c-¯n-ep-apÅ IÀ½-§Ä sN¿p-Ipbw X¶m sN¿-s¸«
{]Xy- £- s¸-Sp- ¯p-Ibpw {]Xy- £- am-¡-s¸« iàn- Isf \m\m-
B IÀ½-§-fpsS ^ew A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n hnhn-[-
cq-]-§-fn ]cn-hÀ¯-\-s¸-Sp¯n Cu hnNn-{Xamb PK-
tbm-\nIfn P·-sa-Sp¯p hn`n-¶-cq-]-§-fn {]Xy-£- s¸-
¯ns\ krjvSn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AXp-t]mse kXzmZn
Sp-Ibpw Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cp-¶mepw {XnKp-W-§-fm bpà-am-
{XnKp-W-§-fp-tSbpw Ah-bnÂ\n-¶ p-Û-hn-¨n-«pÅ hkvXp-
bn- cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶ p.
IvJ-fpsS Pohn-It- fm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bpÅ Ah-bpsS IÀ½m-\p-kr-
X-amb kw_Ôt¯bpw bYm-tbmKyw Øm]n-¨p-sIm-­n- kw_Ôw þ Pohm-ßm-hnsâ kzcq]w F§-s\-bp-Å-Xm-
cn-¡p-¶p. C{]-Imcw bmsXm-cp-¯³ X\n-sb-Xs¶ Cu Ip¶p F¶ tNmZy-¯n\p adp-]Sn ]d-bp-¶p.
k¼qÀ®-P-K-¯nsâ FÃm-hy-hØ - -Ifpw \S¯n CXn-sâ- 8. AMvKp-jvT-amt{Xm chn-Xp-ey-cq]x
ta `cWw \S-¯p-¶pthm At±lw kÀÆ-i-àn-am-\mb
kwI-ev]mlw Imc-ka - -\zntXm bx.
]c-{_-Ò-]-c-ta- iz-c-\m-Ip-¶p.
_pt²ÀKp-tW-\m- ß-Kp-tW\ ssNh
6. XZv thZ-Kp-tlym-]-\n-jÕp KpVw
cm{K-amt{Xm Bly-]tcm]n ZrjvSx.
XZv {_Òm thZtX {_Ò-tbm\nw
a\p-jy-lr-Zbw AwKp-jT
v - ¯nsâ Af-hn IW-¡m-¡-
tb ]qÀÆ-tZhm Ej-bÝ XZzn-Zpþ
s¸-Sp-Ibpw B lrZ-b-¯n¯s¶ Pohm-ßmhp hkn-¡p-
kvtX X·bm AarXm ssh _`p-hpx. Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AXn-\m AXns\ AwKpjvTam{Xw (Aw-
N P
 160

I Kp-jvT-¯nsâ Af-thm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xv) F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. km[n-¡p-¶pthm A{Xbpw Pohm-ßmhp XS-bp-¶n-Ã. tNX- K

AXnsâ hmkvX-hn-I-kz- cq]w kqcy-t\-t¸mse {]Im-i-abw \m-kq-£va -hk - vXp-¡Ä¡p PU-Ø q-e- tZ-i-t¯m-Sp-IqSn
(hn-Ú m-\-abw) BIp-¶p. AXns\ AÚm-\-cq-]-am-Ip¶ _Ô-s¸-Sp-hm³ km[y-a-Ã. AXn-kq-£va-am-sW-¶n-cn-¡nepw
AÔ-Imcw kv]Àin-¡p-¶-tX-bn-Ã. AXv k¦-ev]-¯mepw Øq-e-hkvXp¡-fn kÀÆ{X hym]vX-a m-b n-c n-¡ p-h m³
Al-¦m-c-¯mepw bpà-am- ¡-s¸- «n- cn-¡p-¶p. AXn- \m k¦- km[n-¡p-¶p. CtX `mh-s¯-Xs¶ {Kln-¸n-¡p¶-Xn-\p-
ev]c- q-]-am-Ip¶ _p²n-bpsS KpW-¯m Al-´bpw aa- th­n Ah-km-\-¯n C{]-Imcw ]d-bp-¶p. CXv C{Xbpw
Xbpw kw_-²-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-Im-cWw kqNn-ap-\-t]mse kq£va-am-sW-¶n-cn-¡nepw A\-´`m-h-¯m bpà-am-bn-
AXy´w kq£va m-I m-c -t¯m-S p- I q-S n- b Xpw ]c-a m- ß m- cn-¡p-¶-Xn AXm-bXv Ako-a-am-Ip¶Xn kaÀ°-am-Ip-
hnÂ\n¶p `n¶-hp-am-Ip-¶p. Pohmßmhnsâ XXzs¯ Adn- ¶p. AXv PU-P-K-¯n F§pw \nd-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p.
ªn-«pÅ Úm\n-If - mb ]pcp-j-·mÀ KpW-§-fm bpà-
10. ss\h kv{Xo \ ]pam-t\jp ss]hmbw
amb Pohm-ßm-hnsâ kzcq-]s¯ C§s\ Xs¶ I­n-cn-
\]pw-k -Ix.
¡p-¶p. Bßm-hnsâ kzqcq]w hmkvX- h¯ - n AXy´w
kq£v a-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-kq-£va-§-fmb PU-h-kvXp-¡Ä bZv bÑ-co-c-am-Zt¯ tX\ tX\ k bqPy-tX.
AXnsâ Xpe-\-¯n Øqe-§-fm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXnsâ Pohm-ßmhv hmkvX-h-¯n kv{Xobp-a-Ã, ]pcp-j-\p-a-Ã.
kq£va-X-Xzs¯ bmsXmcp PU-h-kvXp-¡-fp-tSbpw Af-hn- \]pw- k-I-hp-a-Ã. AXv Hcp ico-c¯ - n {]th-in-¡p-t¼mÄ
\m Af-¡-s¸-Sp-hm³ km[y-a-Ã. AXnsâ e£yw a\-Ên- AXp-ambn kwbp-à-s¸«v A§s\-Xs¶ Bbn-¯o-cp-¶p.
em-¡p- ¶-Xn-\p- th­n am{Xw AXns\ kw_-Ô- h-kX v p-hnsâ C¶v kv{Xobm-bn-cn-¡p¶ Pohm-ßmhv ASp¯ P·-¯nÂ
BIm- c- t¯m-Sp- IqSn hnti- jn-¸n-¡p- ¶p. lrZ-b- tZ-i¯p hkn- ]pcp-j- \m-Ip-¶p. bmsXm¶v ]pcp-j-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXv
¡p-¶-Xp-Im- cWw AXns\ AwKp- jvT-am- {X-]- cn-am-W-sa¶p ]d- kv{Xobmbpw `hn-¡p-¶p. kv{Xo]p- cp- j-\-]pw-k-ImZnt`Z§Ä
bp-Ibpw _p²n-Kp-W-¯n-sâbpw AXp-t]mse Bß- Kp-W- ico-cs¯ kzoI-cn-¨X - n-\p-ta D­m-Ip-¶-Xm-Ip¶p F¶p
¯n-sâbpw kw_- Ô- ¯nÂ\n¶pw AXns\ kqNn- ap- \-bpsS `mhw. Pohm-ßmhv kÀÆ-t`-Z-iq-\y-am-Ip-¶p. FÃm D]m-[n- I-
BIm-c- t¯m-Sp-Iq-SnbsX¶p ]d-bp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. _p²n fn \n¶pw cln-Xa - m-Ip-¶p.
apX-em-b-hsb kqNn-ap-\t- bm-Sp-]a - n-¡p-¶p. CXp-sIm-­ p-
Xs¶ Pohm-ßm-hns\ ChnsS kqNn-ap-\bv¡p kZr-i-ambn 11. kwI-ev]-\-kv]Ài-\-Zr-jvSn-tam-sslÀþ
]d- ªn-cn-¡p-¶ p. {Kmkmw-_phrjvSym Nmß-hn-hr-²zn-P·
kw_Ôw þ ]qÀÆ-a-{´-¯n bmsXmcp Pohm-ßm-hnsâ IÀ½m-\pKm-\ y-\ p-{I-taW tZlo
kzcq- ]s¯ kqNn- ap- \bv¡p kZriw kq£va- sa¶p ]d-ªn- Ømt\jp cq]m-W y-` n-k w-{]-]-Zy-tX.
cn-¡p-¶pthm AXns\ ho­pw kv]jvS-am-¡p¶p þ
k¦-e] v w, kv]Ài-\w, ZrjvSn, tamlw, t`mP-\w, Pe-]m-
9. hmem-{K-i-X-`m-Kky iX[m Iev]n-Xky N \w, hrjvSn Ch-sb-Ãmw-sIm­p kPo-h-amb ico-c-¯nsâ
hr²nbpw P·hpw D­m-Ip-¶p. kv{Xo ]pcp-j-·m-cpsS ]c-
`mtKm Pohx k hntÚbx k
kv]-c-tam-l]- qÀÆ-I-amb k¦ev]w, kv]Ài-\w, ho£Ww
Nm\-´ymb Iev]-tX.
Ch hgn-bm-bpÅ kl-hmkw D­m-bn-¡-gn-ªm Pohm-
]qÀÆ-a-{´-¯n Pohm-ßm-hnsâ kzcq]w kqNn-ap- ßmhv KÀ`-¯n hcp¶p. F¶mWv CXnâ `mhw. ]n¶oSv
\bv¡pkZriw kq£va-sa¶p ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXp amXm- hnsâ t`mP- \w- sIm­pw Pe- ]m-\w-sIm­pw D­m- Ip¶
{Kln-¡p-¶-Xn {`aw kw`-hn-¡p-hm³ km[y-X-bp-­v. AXn- t]mj-Imw-i-§Ä hgn-bmbn AXnsâ hfÀ¨bpw P\-\hpw
\m \Ã-Xp-t]mse {Kln-¡p-¶-Xn\v ho­pw C{]-Imcw ]d- \S-¡p-¶p. c­m-as¯ Bibw (`m-hw) `n¶-`n-¶-tbm-\n-I-
bp-¶p. [m\y-a-Wn-bpsS ap\sb \ap¡v Hcp \qd-I-j-W§ - - fn Pohsâ D¸-¯nbpw hfÀ¨bpw `n¶-`n-¶-{]-Im-c-§-
fm-¡mw. ]ns¶ Ah-bnÂ\n¶pw Hsc- ®-sa- S-¯n«v AXns\ fn-em-Ip¶p F¶m-Wv. Nne tbm\n-I-fn-em-Is« Ba-ap-«-
ho­pw \qdm-bn«v Ij-Wn-¡mw. Ah-bn Hcp Ij- W-¯n\v bnÂ\n-s¶-¶- t]mse k¦-ev]- am- {X- bn¯s¶ Pohn-I-fpsS
F{X-am{Xw kq£va-am-Ip-hm³ Ign-bptam AXm-bXv [m\y- t]mjWw \S- ¶p-sIm- ­n-cn-¡p-¶p. Nne tbm\n- I-fn ]£n-
a-Wn-bpsS ap\sb ]Xn-\m-bn-c-am¡n Ij-Wn-¨m AXn bpsS ap«-bnÂ\n-s¶-¶-t]mse Bk-àn-tbm-Sp-I q-S nb
Hcp `mK-¯n\v F{X-am{Xw kq£va-am-Ip-hm³ km[n-¡ptam kv]Ài-\w- sIm­p kw`-hn-¡p-¶p. Nne tbm\n- I-fn aÕy-
AXn\p kam-\-amWv Pohm-ßm-hnsâ kzcq]w F¶p a\- §Ä apX- em-b- h-bn- se-t¸mse Bk-àn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb t\m«w-
Ên-em-¡-Ww. Cu hnh-cWw AXnsâ kq£va-Xsb e£y- sIm-­p-Xs¶ kw`-hn-¡p-¶p. aäp Nne tbm\n-I-fn a\p-
am-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th-­n-am-{X- am-Wv. hmkvX- h-¯n tNX-\b- p- jy-cnepw arK-§-fn-epw-t]mse A¶- `-£Ww sIm­pw Pe-
sSbpw kq£va-hk - vXp-¡-fp-sSbpw kzcq]w PU-Øq-e-h- ]m-\w-sIm­pw kw`-hn-¡p-¶p. Nne tbm\n-I-fn hr£-e-
kvXp- ¡-fpsS D]-a-bm a\-Ên-em- ¡p-hm³ km[y-a-Ã. F´p- Xm-ZnIsft¸mse hrjvSn-bp-­m-Ip¶ am{X-bn kw`-hn-¡p-
sIm- s­- ¶m [m\y- a-Wn-bpsS ap\-bpsS ]Xn-\m-bn-c-¯n ¶p. C{]-Imcw \m\m-{]-Im-c-§-fn kPoh ico-c-§-fpsS
Hcp `mK-¯n\v BIm-i-¯n F{X-tZ-i-§sf XS-bp-hm³ kwc-£- Whpw XpjvSn-]p-jSv n-cq-]-hr-²nbpw P·hpw D­m-

N P

I Ip-¶p. Pohm-ßmhv Xsâ IÀ½-§Ä¡-\p-k-c-W-ambn Ah-
bpsS ^e-§sf A\p-`-hn- ¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n C{]-Imcw hn`n- an-Ãm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXm-bXv bmsXm¶v Dev]-¯n, hn\m-
¶-§-fmb temI-§-fn¡qSn Ka-\w-sN-bvXp-sIm­v H¶n- iw, hr²n-£bw apX- emb hnIm-c-§-fm kÀÆYm iq\y-
\p-tijw Hs¶¶ {Ia-¯n \m\m-i-co-c-§sf XpSÀ¨- \m-bn-cn- ¡p- ¶pthm kZm GI- c-k-\m-bn- cn- ¡p- ¶pthm bmsXm-
bmbn kzoI-cn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ CXnsâ \m\m-tbm-\n-If - n¡qSn XpSÀ¨-bm-
bpÅ Ka-\m-K-a\w F´p-sIm­p kw`-hn-¡p¶p? CXn
s\¸än hnh-cn-¡p¶p þ
12. Øqem\n kq£vamWn _lq\n ssNh
cq]mWn tZlo kzKp-ssWÀhr-tWm-Xn.
{Inbm-Kp-ssW-cm-ß-Kp-ssWÝ tXjmw
kwtbm-K-tl-Xp-c-]tcm]n ZrjvSx.
Pohm- ßmhp X¶m sN¿- s¸« IÀ½- §- fpsS kwkv¡m-
c-§-fmepw _p²n, a\-Ê,v C{µn-b-§Ä CXp-t]mse ]©-`q-
X- §Ä F¶n-h-bpsS kapZmb cq]-am-Ip¶ ico-c-¯nsâ
[À½-§- fmepw bpà-am-bn- cn-¡p-¶- Xp-Im-cWw Al-´, aaX
apX-emb KpW-§Ä¡p hio`qX-ambn At\-I-a-t\Iw ico-
c-§sf {]m]n-¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv ico-c-¯nsâ [À½-§-fnÂ
Al-´bpw aa-Xbpw `mhn-¨n«v XZv cq]-am-bn-cn-¡p¶ \m\m
{]Im-c-§-fn-ep-apÅ Øqehpw kq£va-hp-amb cq]§sf
kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p. kz´w IÀ½m-\p-kr-X-ambn `n¶-`n-¶-tbm-
\n-I-fn P·w kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p. F¶m C{]-Imcw P·-sa-
Sp-¡p-¶-Xn CXv kzX-{´-·m-cm-bn-cn-¡p¶nÃ. AXn-\mÂ
k¦-e] v hpw IÀ½-§fpw A\p- k-cn¨v AXmXp tbm\nIfnÂ
CXns\ _Ôn- ¸n- ¡p- ¶Xp aämscm BIp- ¶p. At±lw ap³]-
dª ]c-ta-iz-c-\m-Ip-¶p, XXz-Úm-\n-IÄ ZÀin-¡p-¶Xpw
At±-l-s¯- ¯-s¶-bm-Wv. AhÀ Cu cl-ky-§sf hfsc
\¶mbn {Kln-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. ChnsS IÀ½-§-fpsS kwkv¡m-
c-\maw {Inbm-KpWw F¶m-Ip-¶p. FÃm XXz-§-fp-tSbpw
kap-Zmb cq]-am-Ip¶ icocs¯ ImWp-I, {ihn-¡pI apX-
emb iàn-I-fpsS \maw Bß-KpWw F¶m-Ip-¶p. Ch-
bpsS kw_-Ô- ¯m Pohm-ßm-hn h¶p- `-hn-¡p¶ Al-
´, aa-X, Bkàn apX-em-b-h-bpsS \maw kzKpWw F¶p-
am-Ip-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ A\m-Zn-Im-ew-ap-XÂ \ne-\n-¶p-h-cp¶ Cu P\-
\-a-c-W-cq-]-am-Ip¶ _Ô-¯nÂ\n¶pw tamN\w {]m]n-¡p-
¶-Xn-\pÅ D]mbw F´mWv? CXns\ hnh-cn-¡p-¶p.
13. A\m-Zy-\´w Ien-eky-at[y
hnizky {kjv Sm-c-a-t\-I-c q]w
hniz-sskyIw ]cn-th-jvS n-Xmcw
ÚmXzm tZhw apNytX kÀÆ-]m-ssi.
]qÀÆ-a-{´- ¯n bmsXm- cp-¯s\ Pohm-ßm- hnsâ \m\m-
tbm-\n-I-tfmSpw kw_-Ô- s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-h-\mbn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-
¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯³ A´-cym-an-cq-]-¯n a\p-jy-cpsS
lrZ-bc- q-]a
- m-Ip¶ Kpl-bn ØnXn-sN-¿p-Ibpw AXp-
t]mse \ncm-Im- c-cq-]-t¯m-Sp-IqSnb temIw apgp-h³ hym]n-
N P
161
¨n-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯-\v BZn-bp-a-´- hp- K
cp-¯³ FÃm temI-§-tfbpw krjvSn- ¨n«v hnhn-[-cq-]§ - -
fn {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-Ibpw Cu temIs¯ apgp-h³ FÃm-`m-
K- ¯p- \n¶pw hebw sNbvXn- cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm GI-
am-{X\pw kÀÆm-[m-c\pw kÀÆ-i-àn-am\pw FÃm- ¯n- s\bpw
`cn-¡p-¶-h\pw kÀtÆ-iz-c-\p-amb B ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-
¯-as\ Adn-ªp-sIm­v Cu Pohm- ßmhv Fs¶-t¶-b¡ v p-
ambn FÃm _Ô-\-§-fnÂ\n¶pw XnI¨pw tamN\w {]m]n-
¡p-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ C\n D]-kw-lm-c-ambn apI-fn ]d-ªn-«pÅ
Imcy- §sf H¶p-IqSn hyà-am-¡n- s¡m­p ]c- amß {]m]vXn-
¡pÅ D]m-bs¯ hnh-cn-¡p-¶p.
14. `mh-{Km-lya\oUmJyw `mhm-`m-h-Icw inhw.
Iem-kÀ¤-Icw tZhw tb hnZpkvtX
Plp-k vX -\ pw.
B ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c³ B{i-bc - -ln-X³ AXm-bXv
ico-cc - -ln-X³ BIp-¶p. AXp-t]mse PK-¯nsâ D¸-
¯nbpw kwlm- chpw \S-¯p-¶-h\pw ]Xn-\mdp Ie-I- tfbpw
krjvSn-¨- h- \p-am-Ip- ¶p. C§- s\-sbm- s¡-bm-sW- ¦nepw Ieym-
W-kz-cq-]\pw B\-µa - -b-\p-amb B ]c-ta-iz-cs\ {i²,
`àn, t{]a-`mhw Ch-bm {Kln-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p.
bmsXmcp a\p-jy³ ]c-a-tZ-h-\mb B ]c-ta-iz-cs\ Adn-
bp-¶ pthm Ah³ ico-c-t¯m-SpÅ Xsâ _Ôs¯
Fs¶t¶bv¡p-ambn Dt]- £n- ¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv Cu kwkm-
c-N- {I-¯nÂ\n¶pw Fs¶-t¶-b¡ v p- ambn tamNn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p.
Cu clkyw a\-Ên-em¡n a\p-jyÀ Ign-bp-¶Xpw thK-
¯n ]ca klr-Z-b\pw ]c-a-Z-bm-ephpw ]c-a-t{]-anbpw
kÀÆ-i-àn-am\pw kÀÆm-[m-c\pw kÀtÆ-iz-c-\p-amb B ]c-
am-ßm-hns\ Adn-bp-¶n-X\pw {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw hy{K-cmbn
{i²-tbmSpw `àn-`m-h-t¯mSpw At±-l¯ - nsâ Bcm-[-\-
bn hym]r-X-cm-bn-cn-¡-Ww.
jjvTm-² ymbw
1. kz`m-h-tatI Ihtbm hZ´n
Imew XYmt\y ]cn-ap-ly-am\mx
tZh-sskyj alnam Xp temtI
tbt\Zw {`maytX {_Ò-N-{Iw.
Cu PK-¯nsâ ImcWw kzm`m-hn-I-am-bX - m-sW¶v
F{Xtbm Bfp-IÄ ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. ]ZmÀ°-§-fnÂ
bmsXmcp kzm`m-hn-Ia
- mb iàn-bp-­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Aán-
bn Cu PK-¯nsâ Imc-W-am-Ip-¶p. aäp-Nn-eÀ ]d-bp-¶Xv
Ime-amWv Cu PK-¯n³sd Imc-W-am- Ip- ¶-sX-¶m-Wv. F´p-
sIm-s­-¶ m Hmtcmtcm Ime-§-fnepw hkvXp-K-X-amb
 162

I iàn {]I-S-am-bn-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. F¶m sshÚm-\n- hmbp, BImiw Cu F«p {]Ir-Xn-t`-Z-§Ä Ch-sb-Ãm- K

IÀ {`a-§-fn AI-s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶p. AXn-\m ChÀ¡v Cu ¯n\pw ]pdta Al-´, aa-X, Bkàn apX-embn Bß
PK-¯nsâ hmkvX-hn-I-amb ImcWw Adn-bp-hm³ Ign-bp- kw_-Ôn-I-fmb kq£va KpW-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn Pohm-ßm-
¶n-Ã. hmkvX-h-¯n CXv ]c-a-tZ-h\pw kÀÆ-i-àn-am-\p- hns\ _Ô-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn«v Cu PK-¯ns\ krjvSn¨p F¶p
amb ]c-ta-iz-csâ aln-a-X- s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. PK-¯nsâ hnNn- a\-Ên-em-¡-Ww. Cu c­p hÀ®-\-I-fp-sSbpw Xm¸cyw
{X-amb cN\ I­pw Nn´n¨pw Ign-ªm At±-l-¯nsâ H¶p-X- s¶- bm-Ip-¶p.
alXzw {]I-S-am-Ipw. At±lw Ime§Ä¡pw kz`m-hm-
kw_Ôw þ Cu cl-ky-§sf a\-Ên-em-¡n-bn«v km[-I³
ZnIfmb FÃm Imc-W-§Ä¡pw A[n-]-Xn-bm-Wv. At±lw
F´p-sN-¿Ww F¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
hgnbmbn Cu kwkm-c-N{Iw Id-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
Cu clkyw a\-Ên-em¡n Cu N{I-¯nÂ\n¶pw tamN\w 4. Bc`y IÀ½mWn KpWm-\zn-Xm\n
t\Sp-¶-Xn-\p-th­n At±-ls¯ icWw {]m]n-¡-Ww. `mhmwÝ kÀÆm³ hn\n-tbm-P-tbZv bx
2. tb\m-hrXw \nXy-anZw ln kÀhw tXjm-a-`mth IrX-IÀ½-\mix
Úx Ime-Imtem KpWo-kÀÆ-hnZyx IÀ½-£tb bmXn kX-XztXm\yx.
tXt\-inXw IÀ½ hnhÀ¯tX l bmsXmcp IÀ½-tbmKn kXzw, cP- Ê,v XaÊv F¶o KpW-
]rYz]vtX tPm\neJm\n Nn´yw. §-fm hy]vX-amb Xsâ hÀ®w, B{i-aw, ]cn-X-ØnXn
Ch-b¡ v -\p- Iq-e-ambn IÀ¯-hy-IÀ½-§sf Bcw-`n-¨n«v Ah-
bmsXmcp PK¶nb-´mhpw PK-Zm-[m-chpw Bb ]c-ta-
tbbpw Xsâ FÃm-hn-[-¯n- ep- apÅ Al- ´, aa-X, Bkàn
iz-c-\m ]qÀ×-amb Cu PK¯v Ft¸mgpw FÃm Ah-
apX-emb `mh-§-tfbpw B ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c-\nÂt#
Ø-I-fnepw hym]-X-am-bn-c-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯³ Ime-
kaÀ¸n-¨mepw B kaÀ¸-W-¯m B IÀ½-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-
¯n-sâbpw alm-Im-e-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXm-bXv bmsXm-
Sn-bpÅ km[-Isâ kw_Ôw Ah-ti-jn-¡p-¶n-Ãm-¯-Xp-
cp-¯ ³ Úm\-kz-c q-] \pw Nn-· -b \pw ]c-a m-ß mhpw
Im-cWw Ah Ah\p ^ew \ÂIp-¶n-Ã. C{]-Imcw Ah-
kplr¯pw kakvX Znhy-Kp-W-§-fm \nXy-k-¼\pw
bpsS A`mhw D­m-Ip-¶-Xn\p ap³]mbn sN¿-s¸-«n-«pÅ
Bbn-cn-¡p-¶p-hthm FÃm KpW-§fpw bmsXm-cp-¯sâ
k©n-X- §-fmb IÀ½-kw-k¡ v m-c- §-fpsS D·q-e-\miw kw`-
kzcq-]-`q-Xhpw Úm\-hp-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp-X- X³
hn-¡p-¶p. C{]-Imcw IÀ½-§-fpsS \miw kw`-hn-¡p-¶-Xp-
kakvX {_Òm-WU v -t¯bpw \¶m-b-dn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶pthm
Im-cWw Ah³ AXn-thKw ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
At±-l-¯m¯s¶ \S-¯-s¸-Sp¶ Cu PKNv N{Iw \nb-
F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m hmkvX-h-¯n Cu Pohm-ßmhv PU-
a-]qÀÆ-Ia - m-bn-¯ s¶ Nen-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. At±lw
X-Xz-k-ap-Zm-b-§-fn \n¶pw kÀÆ-Ym-`n-¶hpw AXp-t]mse
]rYzn, Pew, tXP-Êv, hmbp, BImiw F¶o ]©-a-lm-`q-
Akm-[m-c-W-hp-a-Ip-¶p. Ah-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bpÅ CXnsâ
X-§- fp- sS-ta `cWw \S-¯n-s¡m­v Chsb Xm´m-§- fpsS
_Ôw Al-´, aa-X, apX-em-bh aqe-ap-­m-bn-«p-Å-Xm-W.v
Imcy-§Ä {]hÀ¯n- ¡p-¶-Xn\pÅ iàn-{]-Zm\w sNbvXp
kzm`m-hn-I-am-bn-«p- Å-X-Ã.
{]hÀ¯n-¸n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ iàn-tbm-
- msX Chbv¡v H¶pw sN¿p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶n- kw_Ôw þ IÀ½-tbm-Ks¯ hÀ®n-¨n«v C\n D]m-k-\m-cq-
Sp-Iq-Sn-bÃ
Ã. Cu clkyw a\-Ên-em-¡n-bn«v a\p-jy³ kÀÆ-i-àn-am- ]-amb c­m-as¯ km[-\sb hÀ®n-¡p-¶p.
\mb B ]c- ta-iz- cs\ D]-cyp-à-amb `mh-t¯m-Sp- IqSn Nn´n- 5. BZnx k kwtbm-K-\n-an-¯-tlXpx
¡- Ww.
]c-kv{Xo-Imem ZItem]n ZrjvSx
3. XXvIÀ½ IrXzm hn\n-hÀ¯y `qb Xw hniz-cq]w `h-`q-X-aoUyw
kvX¯zky Xt¯z\ ktaXy tbmKw tZhw kzNn-¯-kY ap]mky ]qÀÆw.
FtI\ Zzm`ymw {Xn`n-cj
- vS-`nÀhm
kakvX PK-¯n-sâbpw BZn-Im-c-W\pw kÀÆ-i-àn-
Imte\ ssNhm-ß-Kp-ssWÝ kq£vssax. am-\p-amb B ]c- ta- iz- c³ {XnIme§Ä¡pw kÀÆYm AXo-
]c-ta- iz-c³Xs¶ Xsâ iàn`qX- amb aqe- {]-Ir- Xn-bm X-\m-Ip-¶p. At±-l-¯n Ime-¯n-tâ-Xmb bmsXmcp t`Z-
]©-Øqe alm-`q-Xn-I-fpsS cN-\m-IÀ½w \nÀÆ-ln-¨n«v §fpw CÃ. `qX-Im-ehpw `mhn-Im-ehpw At±-l-¯nsâ
Ahsb \nco-£ n¨p ]n¶oSp PU-X -X z-§ -tfm- S p-I qSn ZrjvSn-bn hÀ¯-am- \-Imew Xs¶- bm-Ip-¶p. At±lw ]Xn-
tNX\mX-Xzs¯ kwbp-à-am-¡n-bn«v \m\m-cq-]§ - -fn \mdp Ie-I-fnÂ\n¶pw cln-X -\m-b n«pw temI-t¯mSp
A\p-`-h-tbm-Ky-amb hnNn{X {]]©s¯ krjvSn¨p. AXm- kÀÆYm kw_-Ô- c-ln-X-\m-bn-cp-¶n«pw {]Ir-Xn-tbm-Sp-IqSn
bXv Ahn-Zy. ]pWyhpw ]m]hpw IqSnb k©nX-IÀ½ Pohs\ kwtbm-Pn-¸n-¡p¶ Imc-W-¯n-sâbpw Imc-W-\m-
kwkv¡m-cw, kXzw cPÊv XaÊv F¶o aq¶p KpW-§Ä. Ip-¶ p. C¡mcyw Cu cl-kys¯ Adn-ªn-cn-¡p¶
Imew, a\-Êv, _p²n, Al¦mcw, ]rYzn, Pew, tXPÊv, Úm\nIfmb alm-ßm-¡Ähgn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. B ]c-ta-

N P
 163

I iz-c³ Xs¶ GI-am-{X-kvXp-Xn¡v tbmKy-\m-Ip-¶p. At±- ¡mÄt{ijvT-\mbn aämcpw CÃ. At±lw Xs¶ Cu PK- K
ls¯ At\z-jn¨p aäp Zqscsb§pw t]mtI-­. Bh-iy- ¯nsâ kÀÆ-t{i-jT v - amb Imc-W-\m- Ip-¶p. At±lw kÀÆ-
an-Ã. At±lw \½psS lrZ-b¯ - n¯s¶ ØnXn-sN-¿p- cq-] -t¯m-S p-I q-S n-b -h -\m-bn-cp- ¶n«pw FÃm-¯ nÂ\n¶pw
¶p. C¡mcyw ZrV-ambn hniz-kn-¨n«v FÃm {]Im-c-§-fn-ep- kÀÆYm thdn-«p-\n¡p-¶p.
apÅ cq]w [cn-¡p-¶-h-h\pw PK-¯nsâ cq]-¯n {]I-S-
8. \ Xky Imcyw IcWw N hnZytX
am-bn-«p-Å-h\pw kÀÆm[mc\pw kÀÆ-i-àn-am\pw ]c-a-tZ-
h\pw Bb ]c-ta-iz-csâ D]m-k\ \S¯n At±-ls¯ \ XÕaÝm`y[nIÝ Zriy-tX.
{]m]n- ¡-Ww. ]cmky iànÀhn-hn-ss[h {ipbtX
kw_Ôw þ C\n Úm\-tbm-K-cq- ]-amb aq¶m-as¯ km[- kzm`m-hn-Io-Úm-\-_-e-{Inbm N.
\sb hnh-cn- ¡p-¶p. Pohn-I-sf-t¸mse B ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hn\v Imcy-Im-
6. k hr£-Im-em-Ir-Xn`nx ]tcmt\ym c-W-§Ä þ ico-chpw C{µnb§fpw þ Cà AXm-bXv At±-
l-¯n tZl-¯n³tdbpw C{µn-b§ - -fp-tSbpw t`Z-§Ä
bkvamXv {]]©x ]cn-hÀ¯tXbw
CÃ. At±lw C{µn-b-§Ä IqSm-sX-Xs¶ FÃm C{µn-b-§-
[À½mhlw ]m]-\pZw `tKiw fnepw {]hÀ¯\w \S-¯p-¶p. At±-l-t¯-¡mÄ hen-b-h-
ÚmXzm-ß-Ø-a-arXw hniz-[m-aw. \mbpw kam-\-\mbpw aämcpw ImW-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. hmkvX-h-
¯n At±-l-¯nÂ\n¶pw `n¶- ambn bmsXm¶pw Xs¶-
bmsXm-cp-¯sâ ANn´y iàn-bpsS {]`m-h-¯mÂ
bn-Ã. B ]c-ta-iz-csâ Úm\w, _ew, {Inbm-cq-]-kz-cq-]-
Cu {]]©cq-]-am-Ip¶ kwkmcw \nc- ´cw Id-§n-s¡m-­n-
`q-X-amb Znhyiàn Ch \m\m-{]-Im-c-§-fn tIÄ¡-s¸-Sp-
cn-¡p-¶pthm B ]c-am-ßmhv Cu kwkm-c-am-Ip¶ hr£w,
¶p.
Imew, BIrXn Ch-bs v ¡Ãmw AXo-X\pw `n¶\pw BIp-
¶p. AXm-bXv At±lw {]]-©- t¯mSp kÀÆYm kw_-Ô- 9. \ Xky IÝnXv ]Xn-ckvXn temtI
c-ln-X\pw Ime-t¯-t¸mepw {Kkn-¡p-¶-h\pw AXp-t]mse \ tNinXm ss\h N Xky enMvKw
BIm-c -c-ln-X\pw BIp-¶p. F¶n- cp-¶mepw At±lw
kIm-cWw Ic-Wm-[n]m[nt]m
[À½s¯ hfÀ¯p-¶-h\pw ]m]s¯ \in-¸n-¡p-¶-h\pw
FÃm sFiz-cy-§-fp-tSbpw A[n-]X - nbpw ka-kX v -P-K-¯n- \ Nmky IÝn-Ö-\nXm \ Nm[n-]x.
tâbpw B[m-c- hp-am-Ip-¶p. Cu k¼qÀ®-amb hnizw At±- PK-¯n ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ kzman-bm-bn«v Bcpw CÃ.
l-s¯- ¯s¶ B{i- bn-¨n-cn- ¡p-¶p. At±-l-¯n³sd k¯- FÃmw At±-l-¯nsâ Zmk-·mcpw tkh-I- ·mcpw BIp- ¶p.
bm Xs¶ Dd-¨p-\n-ev¡p-¶p. B´-cym-an-bmbn At±lw At±-l-¯nsâ A[n-Im-cn-bmbpw þ At±-l-¯nsâ taÂ
\½psS lrZb§fnepw D­v. C{]-Imcw At±-ls¯ Adn- `cWw \S-¯p-¶-h-\mbpw þ Bcp-an-Ã. FÃmw At±-l-
ª n«v Ú m\- t bm- K n- I Ä A ar- X - k z- c q- ] - \ mb B
¯nsâ BÚbpw t{]c-Wbpw A\p-k-cn-¨p-sIm­v At±-
]ctaizcs\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. l-¯ nsâ \nb-{´-W-¯ n Ign-b p-¶p. At±-l-¯ n\v
kw_Ôw þ BZys¯ A²ym- b-X-¯n bmsXm- cp-¯-cpsS bmsXmcp NnÓ-hn-ti-j-§fpw CÃ; F´p-sIm-s­-¶mÂ
hÀ®\w h¶n- cp-¶pthm AhÀ [ym\w hgn-bmbn ]c-am-ßm- At±lw kÀÆ{X ]cn-]qÀ®-\m-Ip-¶p. \ncm-Im-c\pw AXp-
hns\ {]Xy-£- am-¡nb alm-ßm-¡Ä F¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. t]mse ]c-a-Im-c-W-\pw, Imc-W-§-fpsS Imc-W-hpw, FÃm
A´x-I-c-W-§-fp-tSbpw C{µn-b-§-fp-tSbpw A[n-jT v m-\-tZ-
7. Xao-iz-cmWmw ]caw atl-izcw h-X-bp-sSbpw A[n-]-Xnbpw `c-Wm-[n-Im-cnbpw BIp-¶p.
Xw tZh-Xm\mw ]caw N ssZh-Xw. Cu ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c\v bmsXmcp P\-I-\p-an-Ã. Ct±lw
]Xnw ]Xn\mw ]caw ]c-kvXmZv AP-·mhpw k\mX\pw BIp-¶p.
hnZma tZhw `pht\iao-Uyw. 10. bkvX´
- p-\m` Ch X´p`nx {][m-\ssPx kz`mh
tXm tZh GIx kzmam-hr-tWm-Xv.
B ]c-{_Ò ]pcptjm¯-a³ FÃm Cuizc- ·m-cp-sSbpw
temI-]m-e-I-·m-cp-sSbpw alm-\mb `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bm-Ip-¶p. kt\m Z[m-Zv{_-Òm-]y-bw.
AXm- bXv Ah- scÃmw At±-l-¯n- ¶- [o- \- cm-bn«v {]]-©s¯
F{]-Imcw Nne´n X¶m {]I-S-am-¡-s¸« X´p-Pm-e-
`cn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p- ¶p. At±lw FÃm tZh- X-I-fp- tSbpw ]c-
§- fm kzbw BOm-Zn-X-am-bn-cn- ¡p- ¶p-hthm AtX- {]- Imcw
am-cm-[y-\mIp¶p. FÃm ]Xn-If - p-tSbpw c£- I·- m-cp-sSbpw
GI-tZ-h\
- mb ]c-a-]p-cp-j-]-c-ta-iz-c³ Xsâ kzcq-]-`q-X-am-
]c-a-]X- nbpw AXp-t]mse FÃm {_Òm-WvU-§-fp-tSbpw
b, apJyhpw Znhyhpw Bb, ANn-´y-i-àn-bm Dev]-¶-
kzmanbpw BIp-¶p. kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp- hm³ tbmKy\pw {]Im-
amb A\-´-§-fmb Imcy-§-fn¡qSn kzm`m-hn-I-am-bn-
i-kz-cq-]\pw ]c-a-tZ-h-\p-amb B ]c-am-ßm-hns\ \½-
¯s¶ kzbw BOm-Zn-X -am-¡n-sh-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p.
sfÃmw FÃm-¯n-ep-ap-]-cn-bmbn Adn-bp-¶p. At±-l-t¯-
X¡m- c- W- ¯m temI-Po- hn-IÄ¡v At±- l- s¯ ZÀin- ¡p-

N P
 164
I hm³ km[n-¡p-¶n-Ã. kÀÆ-i-àn-am\pw kÀÆm-[m-c-amb B
]c-am-ßmhv \t½-sbÃmw AJn- e¯- n-tâbpw ]c-am-{i-b-`q-
X-amb Xsâ ]c-{_-Ò-kz-cq-]¯
- n {]Xn-jvTn-¡-s«.
11. GtIm tZhx kÀÆ-`q-tXjp KqVx
kÀÆ-h ym]o kÀh-`q-Xm-´-c m-ß m.
IÀ½m-[ y£x kÀh-`q-Xm-[ n-hmkx
km£o tNXm tIhtem \nÀKp-W-Ý.
GI-\mb B ]c-a-tZh ]c-ta-iz-c³ Pohn-I-fpsS lrZ-
b-cq-]-am-Ip¶ Kpl-I-fn Hfn- ªp-hk
- n-¡p-¶p. At±lw
kÀÆ-hym-]nbpw FÃm PohnIfptSbpw A´-cym-an-bmb ]c-
am-ßmhpw BIp-¶p. At±lw Xs¶ FÃm IÀ½-§-fp-
tSbpw A[n-jT v m-Xmhpw Ahbv¡v IÀ½m-\p-kr-X-§-fmb
^e-§sf \ÂIp-¶-h\pw kakvX Pohn-I-fpsS \nhm-k-
Øm-\hpw B{i-bhpw BIp-¶p. AXp-t]mse At±lw
Xs¶ FÃm-¯n- sâbpw km£nbpw ip`m-ip-`-IÀ½-§sf
I­p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶-h\pw ]c-a-tN-X-\m-kz-cq-]\pw AJn-
e-¯n\pw ssNX-\ys¯ {]Zm\w sN¿p-¶-h\pw kÀÆYm
hnip-²\pw AXm-bXv \nÊw-K\pw {]mIr-Xn-I-K-W-§ÄU-
¡-Xo-X-\p-am-Ip-¶p.
12. GtIm hio \njv{In-bmWmw _lp \mþ
taIw _oPw _lp[m b Itcm-Xn.
Xam-ßØw tb\p]-iy´n [ocmþ
kvtXjmw kJw imizXw t\X-tc-jmw.
bmsXm¶v hnip-²-tN-X-\m-kz-cq-]-amb ]a-tc-iz-csâ
Awiw Bb-Xp-Im-cWw hmkvX-h-¯n \njv{In-b-am-cn-bn-
¡p-¶pthm A§- s\-bpÅ A\- ´- §- fmb Pohm-ßm- ¡- fpsS
bmsXm-cp-¯³ \nb-´mhpw IÀ½-^-e-§sf \ÂIp-¶-h-\p-
am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯³ GI-{]-Ir-Xn-cq-]-a mb
_oPs¯ At\Iw {]Im-c-§-fn krjvSn-¨n«v Cu hnNn-
{X-P-K-¯nsâ cq]-¯n B¡n- ¯oÀ¯pthm lrZ-bØ - n-
X-\mb B ]c-a-i-àn-am-\mb ]c-ta-iz-c\ bmsXmcp [oc-]p-
cp-j³ \nc-´cw ZÀin-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶pthm \nc-´cw
At±- l- ¯n X·- b- ambn hkn- ¡p-¶pthm AhÀ¡v F¶pw
\ne-\n¡p¶ ]c-am-\µw {]m]vX-am- Ip-¶p. aäp-Å-hÀ¡v
AXm-bXv bmsXm-cp-¯À C{]-Imcw At±-ls¯ \nc-´cw
Nn´n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AhÀ¡v B ]c-am-\µw e`y-am-
Ip-¶nÃ. AhÀ AXnÂ\n¶pw h©n-X-cmbn hkn-¡p-¶p.
13. \ntXym \nXym\mw tNX-\-tÝ-X-\m-\mþ
tatIm _lp\mw tbm hnZ-[mXn Imam³
XXv ImcWw kmwJy-tbm-Km[n Kayw
ÚmXzm tZhw apNytX kÀh-]m-ssix.
\nXy-tN-X-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw kÀÆ-i-àn-am\pw kÀÆm-
[m-c-hp-amb ]c-am-ßmhv X\n-tb-Xs¶ hf-sc-b-[nIw \nXy-
tN-X-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb Pohm-ßm-¡-fpsS IÀ½ ^em-\p-`-h-§-
fpsS hn[m\w \S- ¯n-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯³
N P
Cu hnNn-{X-amb PK-¯ns\ krjvSn-¨n«v FÃm Poh-k-ap- K
Zmb§Ä¡pw th­n Ah- bpsS IÀ½m- \p-kr- X- §- fmb ^e-
t`m- K- hy- h-Ø- IÄ \S- ¯n- s¡m- ­n- cn- ¡p- ¶pthm At±- ls¯
{]m]n- ¡p- ¶- Xn\v c­p km[- \-IÄ D­v þ H¶v Úm\- tbmKw;
c­v IÀ½-tbm-Kw. `àn c­nepw A\p-kyq-X-am-Ip-¶p.
C¡m-c-W-¯m Ahsb {]tXyIw {]tXyIw hÀ®n-¡p-
hm³ km[y-a-Ã. B Úm\-tbm-Khpw IÀ½-tbm-Khpw hgn-
bmbn {]m]n-¡-s¸-Sp-hm³ tbmKy-\mb AJn-e-Im-c-W-kz-cq-
]-\mb ]c-a-tZh ]c-ta-iz-cs\ Adn-ªn«v a\p-jyÀ FÃm
_Ô- \ -§-f nÂ\n¶pw kÀÆYm apà-c m-bn-¯ o-c p-¶ p.
bmsXm-cp-¯³ At±-ls¯ Adn-bp-¶pthm {]m]n-¡p-
¶pthm Ah³ Hcn-¡epw bmsXmcp Imc-W-h-imepw P\-\-
a-c-W_ - -Ô-\-§-fn ]Xn-¡p-¶n-Ã. AXn-\m a\p-jyÀ¡v
kÀÆ-i-àn-am\pw kÀÆm-[m-c-hp-amb B ]c-am-ßm-hns\
{]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn\v X§-fpsS tbmKy-Xbpw cpNnbpw A\p-k-
cn¨v Úm\-tbm-Ktam IÀ½-tbm-Ktam GsX-¦nepw Hcp
km[-\-bn Xmev]-cy-]qÀÆw hym]r-X- cm-bn-cn-¡-Ww.
14. \ X{X kqtcym `mXn \ N{µ-Xm-cIw
t\am-hn-ZyptXm `m´n ItXmba-ánx.
Xtah `m´-a-\p-`mXn kÀhw
Xky-`mkm kÀh-anZw hn`m-Xn.
]c-am-\µ kzcq-]-\-\mb B ]c-ta-iz-csâ kao-]w Cu
kqcy\v Xsâ {]Imiw ]c-¯p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶n-Ã. kqtcym-
Z-b-¯n an¶m-an-\p-§nsâ {]Imiw e]vX- am-bn-t¸m-Ip-¶-
Xp- t]mse kqcysâ tXPÊpw AhnsS ep]vX-am-bn- cn-¡p- ¶p.
N{µ³, \£-{X-§Ä, CSn-an-¶Â Chbv¡pw AhnsS Ch-
bpsS {]Imiw {]k-cn-¸n-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶n-Ã. ]ns¶ Cu
temI-¯nse Aán-bpsS Imcyw F´n\p ]d-bp¶p? F´p-
sIm-s­-¶m Cu temI-¯Â {]Im-in-¡p¶ FÃm-X-Xz-
§fpw ]ca {]Im-i-kz-cq-]-\mb ]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ
{]Im-i-i- àn-bpsS GtXm Aev]mw-is¯ {]m]n- ¨n«p {]Im-
in-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. ]ns¶ Ahbv¡v X§-fpsS {]Im-i-
Isâ kao]w F§s\ {]Im-in-¡p-hm³ Ignbpw? AXn-
\m Cu k¼qÀ®-amb PK¯v PK-Zm-ßm-hmb B ]pcp-
tjm-¯-asâ {]Im-i-¯ nÂ\n¶pw {]Im-in- ¨p-sIm-­ n-cn-
¡p¶p F¶p-Xs¶ a\-Ên-em-¡-Ww.
15. GtIm lwtkm `ph-\-kymky at[y
k Ghmánx kente kw\n-hnjvSx
Xtah hnZn-XzmXn arXyp-taXn
\m\yx ]Ùm hnZytXb\m-b.
Cu temI-¯n {]Im-i-kz-cq-]-\mb ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-ta-iz-
c³ kÀÆ{X ]cn-]qÀ®-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. At±lw Pe-¯nÂ
ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. Aán-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. ioXf kz`m-h-t¯m-
Sp- Iq-Snb Pe-¯n DjvW-kz-`m-h-t¯m-Sp-Iq- Snb Aán-bpsS
`mhw km[m-cW ZrjvSn¡p a\-Ên-em-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶n-
Ã. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m c­n-sâbpw kz`m-h§ - Ä ]c-
 165

I kv]cw hn`n-¶-§-fm-Wv. F¶n-cp-¶mepw AXnsâ cl- fp-sS) kzman-bm-Ip-¶p. AXp-t]mse Imcy-Im-cW cq]-§- K
kys¯ {Kln-¨n-«pÅ sshÚm-\n-I-·mÀ¡v CXv {]Xy-£- fn ØnX-am-bn-cn-¡p¶ kXz-c- P-kvXtam KpW-§-fpsS \nb-
ambn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. C{]-Imcw ]c-am-ßmhv Cu PU PK- {´-Whpw bYm-tbmKyw \S-¯p-¶p. At±lw Xs¶ Cu
¯nÂ\n¶pw kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw Akm-[ m-c-W-am-Ip-¶ p. P·-ar-Xyp-cq-]-am-Ip¶ kwkm-c-N{- I-¯n Pohn-Isf Ah-
F´p-sIm-s­-¶m At±lw ssNX-\y-hm\pw Úm\-kz- bpsS IÀ½m-\p-kr-X-ambn _Ôn-¨n-Sp¶p; Ahsb kwc-
cq-]\pw kÀÆ-Ú\pw BIp-¶p. AXp-t]mse Cu PK¯v £n- ¡p-Ibpw Cu _Ô-\-¯nÂ\n¶pw Ahsb apà-cm-
PU-hp-am-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw PK-¯n\p hncp-²-ambn ImW- ¡p- Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ Ir]-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn- ¯s¶
s¸-Sp-¶Xp ImcWw km[m-cW ZrjvSn¡v At±lw CXn Pohn-IÄ apàn-¡pÅ km[-\-I-fn apgp-In-bn«v km[-\-
{]Imcw hym]vX- \m-bn-cn-¡p¶p F¶pÅ Imcyw a\-Ên-em- bpsS ]cn-]m-I-am-Ip-¶-tXm-Sp-IqSn apà-cm-Ip-¶p.
Ip-¶n-Ã. F¶m bmsXm- cp-¯³ B ]c-{_-Ò-¯nsâ ANn-
17. k X·tbm lyarX Cui-kwtØm
´yhpw AÛp-X-Ic - -hp-amb iàn- bpsS cl-kys¯ Adn-
bp- ¶pthm Ah\v CXv {]Xy- £- ambn kÀÆ{X ]cn-]qÀ®hpw Úx kÀÆtKm `ph-\-kymky tKm]vXm.
FÃm-¯n-tâbpw GI-am-{X-hp-amb Imc-Whpw F¶ {]Xo- b Cuti Aky PKtXm \nXy-tah
Xn-bp-f-hm-¡p-¶p. kÀÆ-i-àn-am\pw kÀÆm-[m-c-hp-amb B \mt\ym tlXpÀhn-ZyX Cui-\m-b.
]c-am-ßm-hns\ Adn-ªp-Xs¶ a\p-jyÀ Cu arXyp-cq-]-am-
]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-i z-c³ Cu PK-¯ nsâ cq]-¯nÂ
Ip¶ kwkm-c-k-ap-{Z-¯nsâ A¡-c-IS- -I-¡p-¶p þ Fs¶-
ØnX\pw Aar-X-kz-cq-]\pw GI-c-k-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\p-am-
t¶-b v¡ p-ambn P\-\ -a-c -W -§-f nÂ\n¶pw ]qÀ®-a mbn
Ip-¶p. Cu PK-¯nsâ D¸-¯n-hn-\m-k-Ik - z-cq-]-§-fm-
tamN\w t\Sp-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ Znhy-[m-a-{]m-]vXn-¡p-
Ip¶ ]cn-h À¯-\ -§ -tfm-S p-I qSn At±-l -¯ nsâ ]cn-
th­n aäp bmsXmcp amÀ¤-§-fp-an-Ã. AXn-\m \ap¡v B
hÀ¯\w kw`- hn-¡p-¶n-Ã. At±lw FÃm Cuiz- c-·m-cnepw
]c-am-ßm-hnsâ PnÚm-kp-¡f - m-bn«v At±-ls¯ Adn-bp-
FÃm temI§tfbpw ]cn-]m-en-¡p-¶-Xn\v \nbp-à-cm-¡n-
¶-Xn-\pÅ {]hÀ¯-\-§-fn hym]r-X-cm-I-Ww.
bn-«pÅ temI-]m-e-I-·m-cn-epw, A´-cym-an-cq-]-¯n ØnXn-
kw_Ôw þ bmsXm-cp-¯s\ Adn-bp-¶-Xp-sIm­v P\-\-a- sN-¿p-¶p. kÀÆ-Ú\pw kÀÆ{X ]cn-]qÀ®-\p-amb B ]c-
c-W-§-fnÂ\n¶pw H-gn-hm-Ip¶p F¶ Imcyw ]d-ªn-cn-¡p- ta-iz-c³ Xs¶ Cu alm {_Òm-WvUs¯ kwc-£n-¡p-
¶p, B ]c-ta-iz-c³ F§-s\-bp-Å-Xm-Ip¶p? C¡m-cy- ¶p. At±lw Xs¶ Cu ]qÀ®-P-K-¯ns\ Ft¸mgpw bYm-
¯n At±-l-¯nsâ kzcq]w hÀ®n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. tbmKyw \nb-{´n-¨p-sIm­p \bn¡p¶p. aäp bmsXm-¶n-
16. k hniz-IrZv hniz-hn-Zm-ß-tbm-\nÀ t\bpw Cu PK-¯n-sâ-ta `cWw \S-¯p-¶-Xn\v D]-bp-
à-tl-Xp-hmbn {]Xo-X-a m-Ip-¶n-Ã. F´p-sIm-s­-¶ mÂ
Úx Ime Imtem KpWo kÀÆ-hnZv bx.
aämÀ¡pw-Xs¶ FÃm-¯nsâ taepw `cWw \S-¯p-hm³
{][m\ t£{X-Ú-]-XnÀKp-tWix Ignbp-¶n-Ã .
kwkm-c-tam-£-Ø nXn _Ô-tl-Xpx. kw_Ôw þ D]-cyp-à-amb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ Adn-bp-¶-Xn\pw
bmsXm-c p-¯ sâ {]I-cWw XpSÀ¶p-s Im-­ n-c n-¡p- {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw km[-Isâ cq]-¯n At±-l-s¯-
¶pthm Úm\ kzcq-]-\mb B ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-a³ ¯s¶ icWw {]m]n-t¡­ {]Im-cs¯ ]d-bp-¶p.
AJn-e-P-K-¯n-sâbpw cN-bn-Xmhpw kÀÆ-Ú\pw Xs¶-
18. tbm {_ÒmWw hnZ[mXn ]qÀÆw
¯s¶ {]I-S-am-¡p-¶-Xn kzbw tlXp-hp-am-Ip-¶p. At±-
ls¯ {]Xy-£-am-¡p¶ aäp bmsXmcp Imc-W-hp-an-Ã. tbm ssh th ZmwÝ {]ln-tWmXn Xkvssa
At±lw Ime-sâbpw alm-Im-e-\ m-Ip-¶p. Ime-¯n-\p- Xw l tZh-am-ß-_p-²n-{]-Imiw
t]mepw At±-l-¯ nÂhsc F¯p-hm³ Ign-b p-¶ n-Ã . aap-£pÀssh ic-W-alw {]]-tZy.
At±lw Imem-Xo-X-\m-Wv. kÀÆ-i-àn-am-\mb B ]c-ta-iz-
B ]c-ta-iz-cs\ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ kmÀÆ-`u-ahpw
c³ kulmÀ±w, t{]aw, Zb apX-emb FÃm awK-f-a-b-§-
kpK-a-hp-amb D]mbw kÀÆ-`m-h-§-tfm-Spw-IqSn \nÀ`-c-ambn
fmb Znhy-Kp- W-§-fm k¼-¶-\m-Ip- ¶p. temI- ¯n F{X-
At±-l-¯nsâ Xs¶ ic-W-¯n F¯n- t¨-cpIp F¶p-
am{Xw ip`-Kp-W-§Ä I­p-hc - p-¶pthm Ah-sbÃmw B
Å - X m- W v . A Xn- \ m km[ - I \v a\- Ê p- h - g n- b mbn
Znhy-Kp-W-§-fpsS GsX¦nepw Aev]mw-i-¯ nsâ Hcp
Xmsg¸dbp¶ `mhs¯ Nn´n- ¨p-sIm­v ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ ic-
Xnf¡w am{X- am-Ip-¶p. At±lw FÃm Pohn-I-tfbpw Ah-
W-¯n sN¶p-tN-c-Ww. bmsXmcp ]c-ta-iz-c³Xs¶
bpsS IÀ½-§- tfbpw A\-´- amb {_Òm-WvU-¯n-\p-ÅnÂ
Gähpw BZy-ambn Xsâ \m`n-I-a-e-¯nÂ\n¶pw {_Òm-
aq¶p-Im-e§- -fnepw kw`-hn-¨p-s Im-­n-cn-¡ p¶ Gähpw
hns\ DÛ-hn-¸n-¨pthm DÛ-hn-¸n-¨- Xn-\p-tijw At±- l-¯n\v
sNdn-bXpw Gähpw hen-bX - p-amb kw`-h-§sf \Ã-Xp-
FÃm thZ-§-fp-tSbpw Úm\w {]mZ\w sNbvXp-thm, AXp-
t]mse Adn-ªp-sIm-­ n-cn-¡p-¶p. At±lw {]Ir-Xn-bp-
t]mse bmsXm-cp- ¯³ Xsâ kzcq-]- ¯nsâ Úm\w {Kln-
tSbpw Poh-k-ap-Zm-b-¯n-tâbpw (Xsâ ]cm-]-c-{]-Ir-Xn-I-
¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n Xsâ `à-·m-cpsS lrZ-b§fnÂ

N P
 166

I XZ\pcq-]-amb hnip² _p²n {]I-S-am-¡p-¶pthm B kÀÆ- tizXm-iz-X-c-a-lÀjn kzX-]Ê - nsâ {]`m-h-¯m ka-
K
i-àn-am\pw {]kn-²-tZ-h-\p-amb ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-¯-a- kvX-hn-j-bkpJ-§-tfbpw ]cn-Xy- Pn¨v kwb-a-t¯m-Sp-Iq- Snb
\n Rm³ tam£m-`n-em,-¯m bpà-\mbn icWw {]m]n- PohnXw \bn¨v \nc-´cw ]c-amß Nn´-bn ebn¨v B
¡p-¶p. At±lw Xs¶ Cu kwkm-c-N-{I-¯nÂ\n¶pw ]c-a-tZ-h-\mb ]c-ta-iz-csâ Assl-Xp-In-bmb Zb-bmÂ
Fs¶ tamNn-¸n-¡-s«. At±-ls¯ Adn-ªn-cp-¶p. ]n¶oSv Ejn-am-cm tkhn-X-
19. \njvIew \njv{Inbw im´w \nc-hZyw \mbn Ah-cpsS ]c-a-e-£y-amb Cu ]c-a-]-hn-{X-amb {_Ò-
\nc-Rv P \w X-Xzm-{i-a-¯nsâ Al-¦m-c-¯n\pw kÀÆYm AXo-X-\mbn
tZlm-`n-am-\-iq-\y-cmb A[n-Im-cn-Isf \Ã-Xp-t]mse D]-tZ-
Aar-Xky ]cw tkXpw PKvt[-Ô-\-an-hm-\-ew. in-¨p-sIm-­n-cp-¶p. CXnÂ\n¶pw tZlm-`n-am\iq\y-\mb
\nÀKp-Whpw \ncm-Im-c-hp-amb ]c-am-ßm-hns\ D]m-k\ km[-I³Xs¶ {_Ò-X- Xz-¯nsâ D]-tZiw {ihn-¡p-¶-Xn-
\S-¯p¶ km[-I\v C{]-Im-c-apÅ `mh-\- -fp-­m-bn-cn-¡-Ww. \pÅ bYmÀ°m-h-Im-in-sb¶v Cu a{´- ¯n sXfn-bn-¡-
AXm-b Xv ]Xn\mdp Ie-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bh - \pw kwkm-c- s¸- «n-cn-¡p-¶ p.
¯nsâ _Ô-§-fm cln-X\pw XnI¨pw {Inbm-iq-\y\pw
22. thZmt´ ]caw Kplyw ]pc-Ievt]
]c-a-im-´\pw kIe tZmj§fm cln-X-\p-am-bn-cn-¡-Ww.
{]tNm-Zn-X w.
bmsXm¶v Aar-X-kz-cq-]-amb tam£-¯nsâ tkXp-hm-bn-
cn-¡p-¶pthm AXm-bXv bmsXm-¶ns\ B{i-bn-¨n-«p-a-\p- \m{]-im-´mb ZmXhyw \m]p-{Xm-
jyÀ¡v AXy´w kpK-a-Xm-]qÀÆw Cu kwkmc kap-{Z- bm-in-jymb hm]p\x
¯nsâ A¡c IS-¡p-¶-Xn\p km[n-¡p-¶pthm bmsXmcp
Cu ]ca cl-ky-amb Úm\s¯ ]qÀÆ-Ie - ]
v -¯nepw
XSn-b sS ]mÀ°n-h -a mb Awiw I¯n¡gnª-Xnsâ
thZ-¯nsâ A´na `mK-§-fmb D]-\n-j-¯p¡fnepw \Ã-
tijw Pzen-¨ p-sIm-­n-c n-¡ p¶p I\-e p-I Ä¡p-X peyw
Xp- t]mse hÀ®n-¨n- «p-­m-bn-cp-¶p. Cu Úm\-¯n³sd ]c-
kÀÆYm \nÀhn-Im-c\pw \nÀ½-e\pw {]Im-i-kz-cq-]\pw
¼c Iev]-Ie - v]m-´-c-ambn XpSÀ¶p-hc - p-¶p. CXp ]pXnb
Úm\-kz-cq-]\pw ]c-a-ssN- X-\y-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h- \p-amb B
Imcy-sam-¶p-aà F¶p kmcw. CXnsâ D]-tZiw BÀ¡p
\nÀKp-W- \n-cm-Imc ]c-am-ßm-hns\ XmXzn-I-ambn Adn-bp-¶-
ISp- ¡-s¸-«p, BÀ¡p sImSp- ¡-s¸-«n-Ã, C§- s\-bpÅ kwi-
Xn\v At±-l-s¯- ¯s¶ e£y- am¡n Nn´n-¨p-sIm-­n- cn-¡p-
b-¯n\p adp-]Sn ]d-bp-¶p. ""bmsXm-cp-¯sâ A´x-I-cWw
¶p.
hnj-bkpJ§- fm iq\y-ambn kÀÆYm im´- am-Im-Xn-cn-
kw_Ôw þ Cu kwkm-c_ - -Ô-§-fn \n¶pw tamN\w ¡p-¶pthm A§-s\-bpÅ a\p-jy\v Cu clkyw D]-tZ-
t\Sp-¶- Xn\v t\ct¯ ]d-ªn- «pÅ kwK- Xn-I- f-\p-k-cn¨v ]c- in-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡phm³ ]mSnÃ; AXp-t]mse bmsXm-cp-¯³
am-ßm-hns\ Adn-bp-I-b-ÃmsX aäp bmsXmcp]mb-§-fp-an-Ã. Xsâ ]p{Xt\m AYhm injyt\m AÃm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm,
AXns\ H¶p-IqSn Zr-V-s¸-Sp-¯-¶p. Ah\pw AXns\ Zm\w sN¿p-hm³ ]mSn-Ã.'' kmcw Fs´-
20. bZm NÀ½-h-Zm-Imiw thjvS-bn-jy´n ¶m H¶pIn im´- Nn-¯-\m-bn-«pÅ Ah-Im-in¡p
am\hmx \ÂIWw AsÃ-¦n kz´w ]p{Xt\m injyt\m \ÂI-
Ww. F´psIms­¶m ]p{X-·m-scbpw injy-·m-scbpw
XZm tZh-a-hn-Úmb ZpxJkyt´m `hn-jy-Xn.
Ah-Im-in-I- fm-¡n-¯oÀt¡-­Xp ]nXm-¡-·m-cp- sSbpw Kpcp-
F{X-t¯mfw XpI-en\p Xpeyw Npcp-«p-hm³ a\p-jysc ¡- ·m-cp-sSbpw tPmen-bm-Ip- ¶p. AXn- \m Ah³ t\c- t¯-
kw_-Ôn- ¨n-S-t¯mfw BIm-is¯ Akw-`-hy- am-Ip-¶pthm Xs¶ Ah-Im-in-bm-bn-cn-¡-W-sa¶ \nb-a-sam¶pw CÃ.
FÃm a\p-jycpw H¶n- ¨p-Iq-Sn-bmepw C¡mcyw km[y-am-Ip-
23. bky tZth ]cm `ànÀbYm tZth
¶n- Ãtbm AtX-{]-Imcw Xs¶ ]c-am-ßm-hns\ Adn-bmsX
XYm Kpcu
BÀ¡pw Cu ZpxJ-k-ap-{Z-¯nsâ A¡-sc-sb-¯p-hm³
km[y-a-Ã. AXn-\m a\p-jyÀ¡p ZpxJ-§-fn \n¶pw XsskytX IYnXm lyÀYmx
\nXy-ambn tamN\w t\Sp-¶-Xn\pw ]c-am-\-µs¯ {]m]n-¡p- {]Im-it´ almß
¶-Xn\pw th­n asäÃm `mK-§-fnÂ\n¶pw a\-Êns\ amän-
\x. {]Im-it´ alm-ß-\x.
bn«v GI-am-{X-\mb At±-ls¯ Adn-bp-¶-Xn-\pÅ km[-
\Ifn Xo{h-amb Bi-tbm-Sp-IqSn hym]r-X-cm-bn-cn-¡-Ww. bmsXmcp km[-I\v ]ca tZh-\mb ]c-ta-iz-c-\n ]c-a-
amb `àn-bp-­m-Ip-¶pthm IqSmsX F{]-Imcw ]c-ta-iz-c-
21. X]x-{]-`m-hmZv tZh-{]-km-Zm¨ {_Ò
\n kà-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm A{]-Imcw Xs¶ Xsâ Kpcp-
l tizXm-iz-XtcmY hnZzm³ hnepw BIp-¶p. B alm-ßm-hmb ]pcp-jsâ lrZ-b-
AXym-{i-an`yx ]caw ]hn{Xw ¯nÂXs¶ Cu hÀ®n-¡ -s ¸-«n-«pÅ cl-k y-a -b -amb
t{]mhmN kay-Kr-j n-kw-L -Pq-jvSw. AÀ°w {]Im-in-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m PnÚm-

N P
 167
I kp-¡Ä ]qÀ®-{i-²m-ep-¡fpw `à·mcpw Bbn-cn-¡-Ww.
bmsXm-cp-¯\p ]qÀ®-amb {i²bpw `ànbpw D­m-bn-cn-
¡p-¶pthm B alm-ßm-hnsâ lrZ-b-¯n Cu KqVm-i-
b-§Ä {]Im-in-¡p-¶p. {KÙ¯nsâ ]cn-ka - m-]vXnsb
kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n Cu a{´-¯nse A´n-a -hm-
Iys¯ ]p\-cm-hÀ¯n- ¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
1sFXtctbm- ] - \ n- j ¯v
3
im´n- ] mTw
Hmw hmMvta a\kn {]Xn-jvTn-Xm. at\m ta hmNn
{] X n- j vTn- X - a m- h n- c - h oÀ a. G [ n. thZk y a
BWoØx {ipXw ta am {]lm-kox. At\-\m-[o-
tX- \ m- tlm- c m- {Xm³ kwZ [man- E Xw hZn-j ym- an.
kXyw hZn- j yman X·m- a - h - X p. XZz- à m- c - a - h Xp
AhXp ama-hXp hàm-c-a-hXp hàm-cw.
Hmw im´nx ! im´nx !! im´nx !!!
EtKz-Zob sFX-tc-bm-c-Wy-I-¯n c­mw Bc-Wy-I-
¯nsâ \mepw A©pw Bdpw A²ym-b-§sf sFX-tc-tbm-
]-\n-j¯v F¶ t]cn Adn-bp-¶p. Cu aq¶-²ym-b-§-fn-
embn {_Ò-hn-Zy-bpsS {]m[m-\ys¯ hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. CXp-
sIm­v CXns\ D]-\n-j-¯mbn Icp-Xp-¶p.
Cu im´n-]m-T- ¯n FÃm {]Im-c-¯n-ep-apÅ hnLv\-
§sf ]cn-l-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\v ]c-ta-iz-c-t\mSp {]mÀ°n-¡p-¶p.
"tl k¨n-Zm-\µ kzcq-]-\mb ]c-am-ßm-th, Fsâ a\Êv
hmWn-bn ØnX-ambn \n¡tW hmWn a\-Ên ØnX-
am-bn-cn-¡-tW. AXm-bXv Fsâ a\Êpw hmWnbpw H¶mbn
{]hÀ¯n-¡-tW. Rm³ hmWn-bm Hcp ]mTw ]Tn-¡p-
Ibpw a\Êv asäm-¶ns\ Nn´n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿m-Xn-cn-¡-tW.
AYhm a\-Ên-sem¶pw hmWn-bn asäm¶pw Nn´n-¡p-
Ibpw ]d-bp-Ibpw sN¿m-Xn- cn-¡-sW. Fsâ k¦-e] v -§fpw
hN-\-§fpw hnip-²-am-bn«v GI-`m-h-ap-Å-Xm-bn-¯o-ctW!
tl {]Imi kzcq-]-\mb ]c-ta-iz-cm, A§v F\n-¡p-th­n
{]Xy-£-s¸-«m-epw. A§-bpsS tbmK-am-b-bpsS ad Fsâ
N P
im´n-] mTw K
Hmw kl \mh-h-Xp. kl \u `p\-àp.
kl hocyw
Ic-hm-h-ssl. tXPkzn \mh-[o-X -a-kvXp.
am hnZznjm hssl.
Hmw im´nx ! im´nx !! im´nx !!!
CXnsâ AÀ°w Bcw-`-¯n sImSp-¯n-«p-­v.
lrZ-b¯ - nÂ\n¶pw amän-bm-epw. (C-{]-Imcw ]c-am-ßm-hn-
t\mSp {]mÀ°n-¨n«v D]m-k-I³ Xsâ a\-Ên-t\mSpw hmWn-
tbmSpw ]dbp-¶p) AÃtbm a\-tÊ, hmWo, \n§Ä c­pw
F\n¡v thZ-kw-_-Ô- amb Úm\-{]m-]vXn-bp-­m-¡p-¶-h-
cm-bn-¯o-cq. \n§-fpsS klm-b-¯m F\n¡v thZ-hn-j-
b-I-amb Úm\w {]m]n-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p. Kpcp-ap-J-¯p-
\n¶pw tI«n-«p-ÅXpw Fsâ A\p-`-h¯ - n h¶n-«p-ÅX - p-
amb Úm\w Fs¶ XyPn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡-tW. AXm-bXv Ah
Ft¸mgpw Fsâ kvac-W-bn \ne-\n¡-tW. Rm³
Ahsb Hcn-¡epw ad-¡m-Xn-cn-¡-tW. Fsâ A²y-b\w
hgn cmhpw ]Iepw H¶m-¡n-¯oÀ¡p-hm³ Rm\m-{K-ln-¡p-
¶p. AXm-bXv cmhpw ]Iepw XpSÀ¨-bmbn {_Ò-hnZy ]Tn-
¡p-¶-Xn\pw AtX-¸än Nn´n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw km[n-¡-tW.
Fsâ ka-b-¯nsâ Hcw-iw-t]mepw hyÀ°-ambn \jvS-s¸-
Sm-Xn-cn-¡-tW. Rms\sâ hm¡p-IÄsIm­v kÀÆYm D¯-
ahpw bmsXm-cp-X-c-¯n-ep-apÅ tZmj-§-fn-Ãm-¯Xpw kXyw
Xpfp-¼n-\n¡p-¶-Xp-amb D¨m-cWw \S-¯mw. ImWp-¶Xpw
tIÄ¡p-¶Xpw a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶Xpw Bb `mh-§sf AtX-
co-Xn-bn¯s¶ {]I-Sn-¸n-¡mw. AXn bmsXmcp hyXym-
khpw hcp-¯p-I-bn-Ã. (C-{]-Imcw Xsâ hmWn-tbbpw a\-
Ên-t\bpw ZrV-h-¯m-¡n-bn«v ho­pw ]c-am-ßm-hn-t\mSv
{]mÀ°n-¡p- ¶p) B ]c-{_Ò ]c-am- ßmhv Fs¶ c£n-t¡-
tW. B ]c-ta-iz-c³ {_Ò-hnZy ]Tn-¸n-¡p¶ Fsâ BNm-
cys\ c£n- ¡-tW. Fsâ A²y-b\ - -¯n bmsXmcp
hnLv\§ - fpw D­m-Im-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\v Fs¶bpw Fsâ
BNm-cy-t\bpw B ]c-am-ßmhv c£n-¡-tW. B[n-`u-Xn-
Ihpw B[n-ssZ-hn-Ihpw B²ym-ßn-Ih - p-amb hnLv\-§-
 168

I fpsS \nhr-¯n-¡mbn aq¶p-{]m-hiyw "im´n' ]Zs¯ D¨- C{]-Imcw Cu FÃm temI-§-tfbpw krjvSn-¨n«v ]c- K
cn-¡p-¶p. `K-hm³ im´n-kz-cq-]-\m-Wv. AXn-\m At±-l- ta-iz-c³ Nn´n-¨p. Xm³ temI-kr-jSv n-sNbvXp Ign-ªn-cn-
¯nsâ kvac-W-sIm­v im´n \nÝ-b-ambpw e`n-¡p-¶p. ¡p-¶p. C\n temI-§sf kwc-£n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ temI-]m-
e-I- -·msc krjvS n-t¡-­-Xm-hi - y-am-Wv. A\yYm kwc-
£Ww IqSmsX FÃm temI- §Ä¡pw kpc- £n- X-ambn \ne-
{]Y-am- ² ymbw \n¡p-hm³ km[y-a-Ã. C{]-Imcw hnNm-cn¨v At±lw Pe-
{]Y-a-J Wv Uw ¯nÂ\n¶pw AXm-bXv Pew apX-emb kq£va alm-`q-X-
§-fnÂ\n¶pw lnc-Wy-amb ]pcp-j s\ ]pd-s ¯-Sp¯v
1. Hmw Bßm hm CZ-taI Ghm{K Bko-Xv. \m\y- AXns\ AwtKm-]mw-K-§- fm bpà-am-¡n-bn«v {]Xnam cq]-
XvInw-N\ anj-Xv. k Cu£X temIm¶p krPm ¯n-em-¡n-¯oÀ¯p. ChnsS "]pcpj' ]Z-¯nÂ\n¶pw
CXn. krjvSn-Im-e¯ - n Gähpw BZyw {]Xy-£-\mb {_Òm-
Cu a{´-¯n ]c-am-ßm-hntâ krjvSn þ cN\m hnj- hns\ hÀ®n- ¨ n-cn-¡p-¶p. F´p-sIm-s ­-¶m {_Òm-
b-I-amb BZy k¦-ev]s¯ hÀ®n-¡p-¶p. ImWp-Ibpw hnÂ\n- ¶ p- X s¶ FÃm temI-]m-eI- ·
- m-cp-tSbpw {]P-Isf
tIÄ¡p-Ibpw {Kln-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ PU-tN-\m-a-b-amb hÀ²n-¸n-¡p¶ {]Pm-]-Xn-I-fp-tSbpw DÛhw D­m-bn-cn-¡p-
Cu PK¯v Cu cq]-¯n-em-Ip-¶-Xn\p ap³]v Imc-Wm-h-Ø - ¶p.
bn GI-am-{X-\mb ]c- am-ßmhp am{Xta D­m-bn- cp-¶p- Åq. 4. Xa-` y-X -] -¯ -k ym-` n-X -] vX ky apJw \nc-` n- ZyX
B kabw CXn `n¶-§- fmb \ma-cq-]- §- tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb A`n- bYmWvUw apJm-ZzmKv hmtNmánÀ\m-kntI \nc-
hy-àn-Is - fm-¶p-an- Ãm-bn-cp-¶p. B kabw ]c-{_Ò ]c-am- `n-t ZyXmw \mkn-I m`ymw {]mWx {]mWm- Zzm-b p- c -
ßm-hns\ IqSmsX aämcpw {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-h-cm-bn-Ãm-bn-cp- £nWo \nc- ` n- t ZyX a£n`ymw N£pÝ£pj
¶p. krjvSn-bpsS Bcw-`¯ - n B ]c-a-]p-cp-j-\mb ]c- BZnXyx IÀ®u \nc-`n-tZyXmw IÀ®m`yw t{im{Xw
am-ßmhp Nn´n¨pw ""Pohn-I-fpsS IÀ½-^ew A\p-`-hn-¡p- t{im{Xm-±n-i -kvXzMv \nc-` n-ZyX Xz tNm temam\n
¶ - X n - \ p - t h­ n `n ¶ - § - f mb t em I - § s f Rm ³ tema`y HmjZn h\-kv]-Xtbm lrZbw \nc-`n-ZyX
krjvSn¡pw'' F¶v. lrZ-bm-·t\m a\-kÝ{µam \m`nÀ\n-c`- n-ZyX \m`ym
2. k Camw-tÃm-I m-\ -k r-P-X . Awt`m aco-N oÀa-c - A]mt\m]m\m-·rXypx iniv\w \nc-`n-ZyX iniv\m-
amt]mtZmw`x ]tcW Znhw Zyux {]Xn-j vTm-´ - t{ZtXm tcXk B]x.
co£w aco-Nbx ]rYoho atcm bm A[-kvXm¯m C{]-Imcw lnc-Wy-KÀ`-]p-cp-js\ krjvSn-¨n«v AXnsâ
B]x. AwtKm-]mw-K-§sf k¦-ev]-cq-]-amb X]-Êp-sN-bvXt¸mÄ
C§s\ hnNm-cn-¨n«v ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c³ Aw`-Ê,v aco- B X]- Ênsâ ^e- kz-cq- ]- ambn lnc-Wy- KÀ` ]pcp-jsâ ico-
Nn, ac, Pew þ Cu temI-§sf krjvSn-¨p. Cu hm¡p- c-¯n kÀÆ-{]-Y-a-ambn AWvUw-t]mse s]m«n apJhpw
Isf kv]jvS- am-¡p- ¶- Xn\p ap¼n {ipXn ]d- bp¶p þ kzÀ¤- hmbpw D­m-b n. apJ- ¯ nÂ\n¶pw hmKn- { µn- b hpw
¯n\pw apI-fn-embn ImW-s¸-Sp¶ alx, P\x X]x, kXy AXnÂ\n¶pw AXnsâ A[n-jvTm-\-tZ-h-X-bmb Aánbpw
temI-§fpw Ah-bpsS B[m-c-amb Zyptem-Ihpw þ Cu DÛ-hn-¨p. ]ns¶ \mkn-I-bpsS c­p-Zzm-c-§Ä D­m-bn.
A©p temI-§-tfbpw ChnsS Aw`Êv F¶ t]cn ]d- Ah- bn¡qSn {]mW-hmbp ]pd-s¸- «p. B {]mW-\nÂ\n¶pw
bp-¶p. AXnsâ Xmsg A´-co-£-temIw ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. hmbp-`-K- hm³ D­m-bn. ChnsS {]mtW- {µn-bs¯ {]tXyIw
AXn kqcy\pw N{µ\pw Xmc-K-W-§fpw þ Ch-sbÃmw hÀ®n-¡p-¶nÃ; AXn-\m {]mtW-{µn-bhpw AXnsâ tZh-
Inc-W-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb temI-am-Ip-¶p. CXp acoNn F¶ X-bmb Aizn-\o-Ip-am-c\pw \mkn-I-bn \n¶pw DÛ-hn-¨p.
t]cn hÀ®n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. AXn\pw Xmsg-bmbn ImW-s¸- C{]-Imcw a\-Ên-em-¡Ww þ CXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ ck-t\-{µn-
Sp¶ ]rYzo-tem-Is¯ arXyp-temIw F¶p ]d-bp¶p; AXp b-¯n-tâbpw AXnsâ tZh-X-bp-tSbpw D¸-¯n-bp-­m-bn.
ChnsS "acw' F¶ t]cn hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. AXn\pw Xmsg ]ns¶ c­p I®p-IÄ {]I-S-ambn Ah-bnÂ\n¶p t\t{X-
AXm-bXv ]rYzn-bpsS ASn-bn-em-bn-«p-ÅXp ]mXm-f-tem-I-§- {µn-bhpw t\t{X-{µn-b¯ - nÂ\n-¶pw, AXntâ tZh-X-bmb
fm-Ip-¶p. Ah "B]x' F¶ t]cn-\m Adn-b- s¸-Sp-¶p. PK- kqcy\pw DÛ- h n- ¨p. AXn- \p-tijw IÀ®-§-fpsS c­p
¯n F{Xtbm temI-§Ä þ {Xntem-Iw, NXpÀZ-i-`p-h\ - w, Zzmc- § - f p- ­ m- b n. Ah- b nÂ\n¶pw t{imt{X-{µn-b hpw
k]vX-temIw F¶o t]cp-I-fn {]kn-²-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXnÂ\n¶p AXn³sd tZh- X-If
- mb Zn¡p-Ifpw P\n-¨p.
B temI-§sfsbÃmw ]c-am-ßmhp krjvSn-¨p. A\-´cw Xz¡v (NÀ½w) D­m-bn. Xz¡nÂ\n¶pw tcma-§-
fp-­m-bn. tcma-§-fnÂ\n¶v Hmj[nIfpw h\-k] v -Xn-Ifpw
3. k Cu£tX ta \p temIm temI-] m-e m¶p D­m-bn. ]ns¶ lrZbw D­m-bn. AXnÂ\n¶pw a\Êpw
krPm CXn tkmZv`y Gh ]pcpjw kap-²r-Xym- a\-ÊnÂ\n¶pw AXnsâ A[n-jTv m-\-tZ-h-X-bmb N{µ\pw
aqÀO-b-Xv. DÛ-hn-¨p. ]ns¶ \m`n {]I-S-am-bn. \m`n-bnÂ\n¶pw A]m-

N P
 169

I \-hm-bphpw A]m-\h- m-bp-hnÂ\n¶p KptZ-{µn-b-¯nsâ 3. Xm`y ]pcp-j -am-\-b ¯m A{_p-h ³ kpIrXw K

A[n-jvTn-Xm-hmb arXyp-tZ-h-Xbpw DÛ-hn-¨p. \m`n-bpsS DÛ- _tX-Xn. ]pcptjm hmh kpIr-Xw. Xm A{_-ho-
h-t¯m-Sp-IqSn¯s¶ KpZ-Ñn-{Zhpw KptZ-{µn-bhpw D­mbn Zy-Ym-b-X\w {]hn-i-tX-Xn.
F¶pw a\-Ên-em-¡p-I. ChnsS A]m-\-hmbp ae-hn-kÀÖ-
C{]-Imcw IpXn-cbpw ]iphpw AhÀ¡p lnX-I-ca - -
\-tl-Xphpw AXnsâ Øm\w \m`n-bp-am-bXp ImcWw
söp a\-Ên-em-b-t¸mÄ ]c-ta-iz-c³ AhÀ¡p-th­n a\p-
AXn\v apJy- amb Øm\w Iev]n-¨n- cn-¡p- ¶p. F¶m arXyp
jy-i-co-cs¯ krjvSn-¡p-Ibpw Ahsc ImWn-¡p-Ibpw
A]m-\sâ A[n-jT v m-Xm-hm-Ip-¶p. AXp-Im-cWw D]-e-£-
sNbvXp. AXns\ I­-t¸mįs¶ FÃm tZh-X-Ifpw
W-t¯m-Sp-IqSn KptZ-{µn-b-¯nsâ hÀ®-\hpw CXnÂ
AXy´w {]k-¶-cm-bn. A\-´cw AhÀ ]dªp þ ""CXp
A´ÀK-X-am-bn-cn-¡p¶p F¶p Icp-Xp-¶Xv DNn-X-am-Wv.
R§sf kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw hfsc kpµ-c-amb \nhm-
]ns¶ enwKw {]Xy-£-a m-bn. AXnÂ\n¶pw hocyhpw
k-Øm-\-am-Wv. CXn R§Ä¡p hfsc kpJ-ambn \nh-
AXnÂ\n¶pw Pehpw D­m-bn. ChnsS enwK-¯nsâ Dev]-
kn-¡p-h m³ Ign-bpw. R§-fpsS FÃm Bh-iy-§fpw
¯n-bn \n¶pw D]-tØ-{µn-bhpw AXnsâ tZh-X-bmb
\¶mbn \nd-th-äp-hm\pw Ign-bpw.'' hmkvX-h-¯n a\p-jy-
{]Pm-]-Xnbpw Dev]-¶-am-Ip-¶p.
i-cocw ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ kpµ-c-amb krjvSn-X-s¶-bm-Wv.
AXn-\m CXp tZh-ZpÀÃ-`-sa¶p Icp-Xp-Ibpw imkv{X- §-
fn ]e-bn-S¯pw CXnsâ aln-asb ]mSn-¸p-Ig- v¯p-Ibpw
ZznXo- b -J WvU w
sN¿p-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m CtX-co-Xn-bn Poh\v ]c-
1. Xm GXm tZhXmx krjv S m Akv a n³ al- am-ßm-hnsâ BÚ-b-\p-k-cn¨v bYm-tbmKyw km[-\-IÄ
XyÀ®th {]m]-Xw-k vXa - -i-\mbm ]n]m-k m-`ym-a-\z- A\p-jTv n¨v A-t±-ls¯ {]m]n-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p. FÃm
hmÀPXv Xm G\-a-{_p-h-¶m-b-X\w \x {]Pm-\oln tZh-X-IÄ¡pw B icocw CjvS-am-sW¶p I­-t¸mÄ ]c-
bkvan³ {]Xn-jvTnXm A¶-a-Zm-ta-Xn. ta- iz-c³ Ah- tcmSp ]dªp þ ""\n§Ä Ah-c-hÀ¡p tbmKy-
]c-am-ßm-hn-\m krjvSn-¡-s¸« B C{µn-b§ - -fpsS ambn Øm\-§Ä t\m¡n Cu ico- c- ¯n {]th-in¨p hkn-
A[n-jSv m-\-tZ-h-X-am-cmb Aán apX-emb FÃm-tZ-h-X-Ifpw ¨p-sIm-Åp-hn³.''
kwkm-cc - q-]-am-Ip¶ Cu alm-k-ap-{Z-¯n h¶p-tNÀ¶p. 4. AánÀhmKv`qXzm apJw {]mhn-i-Zzmbpx {]mtWm-
AXm-bXv lnc-Wy-KÀ`-]p-cp-jsâ ico-c-¯n \n¶pw P\n- `qXzm \mkntI {]mhn-i-Zm-Zn-Xy-Ý-£pÀ`q-Xzm-£n-Wo-
¨-Xn-\p-tijw AhÀ¡v \nÀ±n-jvS-amb bmsXmcp Øm\hpw {]m- h n-i -± nix t{im{Xw `qXzm IÀ®u {]mhn-i -
e`n-¨n-cp-¶n-Ã. X¡m-c-Wm AhÀ B ka-jvSn-i-co-c- t¶mj [nh-\ -k v] -X tbm temam\n `qXzm XzNw
¯n¯s¶ hkn-¨p. At¸mÄ ]c-am-ßmhv B tZh-Xm-k- {]mhniw Ý{µam at\m-`qXzm lrZbw {]mhn-i-·r-
aq- l-¯n\p hni¸pw Zmlhpw D­m-¡n. AXn-\m hni¸pw Xyp-c -]mt\m `qXzm \m`nw {]mhn-i-Zmt]m tctXm
Zmlhpw sIm­v ]oUn-X-cmbn Aán apX-emb FÃm tZh- `qXzm iniv\w {]mhn-i³.
X- Ifpw X§sf krjvSn¨ ]c- am-ßm-hn-t\mSp ]dªp þ ""`K-
krjvSn-IÀ¯m-hmb ]c-ta-iz-csâ BÚ-b\ - p-k-cn¨v
h³, R§Ä¡v A¶hpw `£-Whpw aXn-bm-thmfw e`n¨p
Aán-tZ-hX hmKn-{µnb cq]w [cn¨v a\p-jy-i-co-c-¯nsâ
kpJ-ambn Pohn-¡ p-¶-Xn\v DX-I -¯ -¡ -h n-[-apÅ Hcp
hmbn {]th-in¨v Pnlzsb Xsâ B{i-bØ - m-\-am-¡n.
Øm\w R§Ä¡mbn hyhØ sNbvXp-X- c-Ww.''
ChnsS hcp-W-tZ-h\pw ck-t\-{µn-b-am-bn«v hmbn {]th-
2 . X mt` ym Kmam- \ - b ¯ m A {_ p- h ¶ s s h in¨p ]ns¶ hmbp-tZ-hX {]mW-\m-bn«v \mkn-I-bpsS Zzmc-
t\mbae anXn Xmt`ymizam-\-b¯m A{_p-h¶ §-fn¡qSn {]th-in-¨p. Aizn-\o-Ip-am-c\pw {]mtW-{µn-b-
ssh t\mba-e-an-Xn. cq]w [cn-¨n«p \mkn-Ib - n {]hn-jvS-am-bn. AXn-\p-tijw
C{]-Im-c-apÅ Ah-cpsS {]mÀ°-\-tI«v krjvSn-IÀ¯m- kqcy- t Z- h³ t\t{X- { µn- ba
- m-bn«p I®p-I-fn {]th-in-¨p.
hmb ]c-ta-iz-c³ AhÀs¡Ãmw hkn-¡p-¶-Xn-\mbn Hcp Huj-[n-I-fp-tSbpw h\-kv]-X n-I-fp-tSbpw Al-¦m-cn-bmb
]ip-hnsâ ico-c-ap-­m-¡n Ah-sc-¡m-Wn-¨p. AXp-I-­n«v tZhX tcma-cq-]-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Xz¡n {]th-in-¨p. AXp-
AhÀ ]dªp þ "`K-h³, CXp R§Ä¡p ]cym-]vX-am-Ip- t]mse N{µ³ a\-Ênsâ cq]w [cn¨p lrZ-b- ¯nepw arXyp-
¶n- Ã. CXnÂ\n¶p R§-fpsS Imcy-§- sfm¶pw kpK-a-ambn tZ-hX A]m-\-cq]w [cn¨p \m`n-bnepw {]hn-jSv -am-bn. Pe-
\S-¯p-hm³ km[y-a-Ã. AXp-sIm­v CXn-s\-¡mÄ t{ijvT- ¯nsâ A[n-jvTm\ tZhX hocy-amb enwK-¯nepw {]th-
amb asämcp icocw krjvSn-¨p-X-¶m-epw.'' At¸mÄ ]c-am- in-¨p. C{]-Imcw FÃm tZh-X- Ifpw C{µn-b-cq]w [cn-¨v Ah-
ßmhv AhÀ¡mbn Hcp IpXn-c-bpsS icocw \nÀ½n-¨n«v c-hÀ¡p-]-bp-à-amb Øm\-§-fn D]-hn-jSv -cmbn ØnXn-
Ahsc ImWn-¨p. AXp I­v AhÀ ho­pw ]dªp þ sN-bvXp.
""`K-h³, CXpw R§Ä¡v Bh-iy¯n\pX-Ip-¶- X-Ã. A§v 5. Xa-i -\ mbm ]n]mtk A{_q-X m-am-h m-` yma`n-{]-
aq¶m- a-Xmbn asämcp icocw D­m¡n R§Ä¡p X¶m- epw.'' Pm\o loXn. tX A{_-ho-tZ-Xm-tkzh hmw tZh-Xm-

N P
 170

I kzm-`-Pmtay Xmkp `mKn\yu Itcm-ao-Xn. Xkvam- temI-§-fp-tSbpw temI-]m-e-I-·m-cp-tSbpw Blm-c-kw- K

Zyssky Issky N tZh-Xmssb lhnÀKr-lytX
`mKn-\ym-th-hm-kym-a-i-\ m-bm-]n-]mtk `h-Xx.
At¸mÄ hni¸pw Zmlhpw IqSn ]c-ta-iz-c-t\m-Sp-IqSn
]d-bp-hm³ XpS§n þ "`K-h³' ChÀs¡Ãmw hkn-¡p-¶-Xn-
\pÅ Øm\w A§p \nÝ-bn-¨p-sIm-Sp-¯n-cn-¡p-¶p-. C\n
R§Ä¡m-bn«pw GsX-¦nepw Øm\w I­p-]n-Sn¨v AXnÂ
R§sf Øm]n-¨mepw! AhÀ C{]-Imcw ]d-ªt¸mÄ
krjvSn-IÀ¯m-hmb ]c-ta-iz-c³ Ah-tcmSp ]dªp þ
""\n§Ä¡p c­p-t]À¡pw {]tXy-Ia - mb Øm\-§-fpsS
Bh-iy-an-Ã. \n§Ä c­p-t]À¡pw Cu tZh-X-I-fpsS
Øm\-§-fn Rm³ Ah-Imiw \ÂIpw. Cu tZh-X-I-fpsS
Blm-c-¯n \n§Ä c­p-t]-tcbpw Rm³ ]¦p-Im-cm-¡n-
¯oÀ¡pw. krjvSn-bpsS Bcw-`-¯n¯s¶ ]c-ta-iz-c³
C§s\ Hcp \nbaw \nÝ-bn-¨n-cp-¶p. AXn-\m Ft¸m-sg-
¦nepw GsXmcp tZh-X- b¡
v m-bn«p sImSp-¡p-¶- Xn\v C{µnbw
hgn-bmbn hnjbt`mK§sf hln-¨p- sIm­p t]mIp- ¶pthm
B tZh-X-bpsS `mK-¯n Cu hni¸pw Zmlhpw ]¦p-Im-
cmbn `mhn-¡p¶p; AXm-bXv B C{µn-b¯ - nsâ A`n-am-\n-
bmb tZh-X-bpsS Xr]vXn-tbm-Sp-IqSn £pXv]n-]m- k-IÄ¡pw
im´n-e-`n-¡p-¶p.
XrXob JWvU w
1. k Cu£-tXta \p temImÝ temI-]m-em-Ým-¶-
ta`yx krPm CXn.
Chsb FÃmw krjvS n-¨-Xn-\p-tijw ]c-ta-iz-c ³
ho­pw Nn´n¨p þ "Cu temI§tfbpw temI-]m-e-I-·m-
scbpw krjvSn- ¨n-cn-¡p¶p þ ChnsS cN-\m-kw-_-Ô-amb
FÃm-¡m-cy-§fpw ]qÀ¯n-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. C\n ChÀ¡p
Pohn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ `£Ww D­m-¡Ww þ t`mK-h-kvXp-¡-
fp- ­m-¡-Ww. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m Ch-tbm-Sp-IqSn hni¸pw
Zmlhpw tNÀ¡-s ¸-«n-cn-¡ p-¶p. AXn-\ m A¶s¯
krjvSn-¡mw.
2. tkmt]m`yX-]-¯mt`ym`nX-]vXmt`ym aqÀ¯n-
c-Pm-b-X. bm ssh km aqÀ¯n-c-Pm-b-Xm¶w ssh
XXv .
apI-fn ]d-ª-hn[w Nn´n-¨n«p ]c-ta-iz-c³ Pes¯
AXm-bXv A©p kq£va alm-`q-X-§sf X]n-¸n¨p Xsâ
k¦-ev]-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb {Inbsb AXn \S-¯n. ]c-am-ßm-
hnsâ k¦-e] v -t¯m-Sp-IqSn k©m-en-X-amb B kq£va-a-
lm-`q-X- §- fnÂ\n¶pw aqÀ¯n {]Xy- £- ambn; AXm-bXv Ah-
bpsS Øqe-cq]w D¸-¶-am-bn. B A¶w Xs¶ tZh-X-
IÄ¡p t`mKy-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
3. XtZ-\Xv krjvSw ]cm-M-Xy-Pn-Lmw-k-¯-Zzm-NmPn
Lr£Iv \¶m-i-t¯m-ZzmNm {Klo-Xpw. bss²-\-
Zzm- N m- { K- s sl- j y- Z - ` n- h ym- l rXy sslhm- ¶ - a - { X
-]vky-Xv .
N P
_-Ôn-bmb Bh-iy-§sf ]qÀ¯o-I-cn- ¡p-¶-Xn\v D¸-¶-
am-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶ A¶w ""CXv Fs¶ `£n¨v Fsâ \miw
hcp-¯p-¶-Xm-I-bm AXnÂ\n¶pw tamN\w t\SWw''
F¶p IcpXn ]n³Xn-cn-tªm-Sp-hm³ XpS-§n. At¸mÄ B
a\p-jy-cq-]-¯n krjvSn-¡-s¸« Pohm-ßmhv A¶s¯
hm¡p-IÄ apJm-´ncw ]nSn-¡p-hm-\m-{K-ln¨p; F¶mÂ
AXn\p hmWo- Zzmcm A¶s¯ ]nSn-¡p-hm³ Ign- ªn- Ã. B
]pcpj\p hmWo-Zzmcm A¶s¯ ]nSn¨p \nÀ¯p- hm³ Ign-
ªn-cp¶p F¦n a\p-jy³ Ct¸mgpw A¶s¯ hmWo-
Zzmcm D¨m-c-Ww-sIm­p AXm-bXv A¶-¯nsâ \mtam-¨m-
c-W-am-{X-bnÂ, hbdp \nd-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p. F¶m A§s\
kw`-hn-¨n-Ã .
4 . X X v{] m- t W - \ mPnL r £ - ¯ - ¶ m- i - I vt\ mX v
{]mtW\ {KloXpw k bss²-\ Xv {]mtW-\ m-{K-
ssl-jy-Z-`n-{]m-W y-ssl-hm¶ a{X-]v ky-Xv.
At¸mÄ B ]pcp-j³ A¶s¯ {]mW³ aqew AXm-
bXv {]mtW-{µn-b-Zzmcm ]nSn-¡p-hm³ B{K-ln¨p; F¶mÂ
AXn\p {LmtW-{µnbw hgn AXns\ ]nSn-¡p-hm³ km[n-
¨n-Ã. Cu A¶s¯ {LmtW-{µn-bw-sIm­p ]nSn-¡p-hm³
Ign-ªn-cp¶p F¦n Ct¸mgpw Bfp-IÄ¡v `£Ww aW-
¯p-sIm­p Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp-hm³ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p. F¶mÂ
A§-s\bpw kw`-hn-¨n-Ã.
5. X-¨ £p jmPn-L r-£ -¯ -¶ m-i -Ivt\m-¨ -£ pjm
{KloXpw k bss²-\¨ - £- p-jm-{K-ssl-jyZv ZrjvSzm
sslhm-¶ -a-{ X-] vk y-Xv.
]ns¶ B ]pcp-j³ A¶s¯ I®p-IÄsIm­p ]nSn-
¡p-hm³ Bin¨p; F¶m Ah\v AXn\p Ign-ªn-Ã.
Ah\p I®p-IÄsIm­v A¶s¯ ]nSn-¡p-hm³ Ign-ªn-
cp- s¶- ¦n XoÀ¨-bmbpw C¶pw Bfp-IÄ A¶s¯ I­p
Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp-am-bn-cp-¶p. F¶m A§s\ kw`-hn-¨n-Ã.
6. XÑ-t dm-t {X- W m-P n- £ - L r-¯ -¶ m-i -I vt \mÑv tdm
t{XW-{K-loXpw k bss²-\ -Ñv-tdm-t{X-Wm-{K-ssl-
jy-Ñ vdpXzm sslhm-¶-a-{X-]vky-Xv.
]ns¶ B ]pcp- j³ A¶s¯ IÀ®-Zzmcm ]nSn- ¡p- hm³
B{K- l n-¨ p. F¶m B {iahpw ^en-¨ n-à . IÀ®-
§ÄsIm­v AXns\ ]nSn-¨n-cp¶p F¦n C¶pw a\p-
jyÀ¡v A¶- ¯nsâ \ma-{i-hW - -am-{X-bn¯s¶ Xr]vXn-
s¸-Sm-am-bn-cp-¶p. F¶m A§-s\bpw Ign-ªn-Ã.
7. X¯zm- ] m- P n- L r- £ - ¯ - ¶ m- i - I v t \m- \ - ¯ zNm
{KloXpw k bss²-\-¯z-Nm-{K-ssl-jy-Õv]rjvSzm
sslhm-¶ -a-{ X-] vk y-Xv.
At¸mÄ B ]pcp- j³ A¶s¯ Xz¡p-sIm­v ]nSn-¡p-
hm-\m-in-¨p. F¶m Ah\v AXns\ Xz¡p-aq-ehpw ]nSn-
¡p-hm³ Ign-ªn-Ã. A§s\ kw`-hn-¨n-cp-¶p-sh-¦nÂ
XoÀ¨-bmbpw a\p-jyÀ A¶s¯ kv]Àin-¨p-Xs¶ Xr]vX-

I cm-Ip-am-bn-cp-¶p. F¶m A§-s\bpw kw`-hn-¨n-Ã.
8. X·- \ - k mPo L r£- ¯ - ¶ m- i - I v t \m- · - \ km
{KloXpw k bss²-\-· -\-k m-{K-s sl-j y-² ymXzm
sslhm-¶ -a-{ X-] vk y-Xv.
]ns¶ B ]pcp-j³ A¶s¯ a\-Êp-sIm­p hio-I-
cn-¡p-¶-Xn-¶m-{K-ln-¨p. F¶m Ah\v AXns\ a\-Êp-
sIm­p hi-¯m-¡p-hm³ Ign-ªn-Ã. Ah\v AXns\ a\-
Êp-sIm­p ]nSn-¡p-hm³ km[n-¨n-cp-¶p-sh-¦n XoÀ¨-bm-
bpw C¶pw a\p-jy³ A¶s¯ Nn´n-¨p-sIm­p Xr]vXn-
s¸-Sp-am-bn-cp-¶p. ]s£ A§-s\bpw ImWp-hm³ Ign-
ªn-Ã.
9. XÑn-ivt\-\m-Pn-Lr-£ -¯-¶ m-iIvt\m Ñnivt\-\-
{K-loXpw k bss²\ Ñn ivt\\m-{K-s sl-j y-Zzn-
krPy sslhm-¶-a-{X-]vky-Xv.
]n¶oSv B ]pcp-j³ A¶s¯ D]Øw (enw-Kw)
sIm­p ]nSn-¡p-hm³ B{K-ln¨p; F¶m Ah\v D]-Ø-
Zzmcm A¶s¯ ]nSn-¡p-hm³ Ign-ªn-Ã. Ah\v D]-Ø-
Zzmcm ]nSn-¡p-hm³ Ign-ªn-cp¶p F¦n XoÀ¨-bmbpw
C¶pw A¶s¯ Dt]-£n¨p Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp-hm³ Ign-bp-am-
bn-cp-¶p. F¶m A§s\ kw`-hn-¨n-Ã.
10. XZ-]m-t\-\m-Pn-Lr-£-¯-Zm-h-bXv ssktjm¶
ky {Ktlm bZzm-bp-c-¶m-bpÀhm Gj bZzmbpx
Ah-km\w B ]pcp-j³ A¶s¯ apJ-¯nsâ Zzmc- µ-\w. Xky {Xb Bh-k-Ym-kv{Xbx kz]v\mx, Ab-
¯n¡qSn A]m-\-hm-bp-Zzmcm {Kln-¡p-¶-Xn\v B{K-ln- ¨p. am-h- ktYmbam-hm-k tYmbam-h-kY CXn.
AXm- bXv A]m- \-hm-bp- Zzmcm apJ-¯n¡qSn ico-c- ¯nsâ
DÅn-te¡p {]th-in-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\p {]hÀ¯n- ¨p. At¸mÄ
Ah\v A¶s¯ Xsâ ico-c-¯nsâ DÅn sIm­p-t]m-
Ip-hm³ Ign-ªp. bmsXmcp A]m-\-hmbp shfn-bnÂ
\n¶pw ico-c¯ - nsâ DÅn-tebv¡p izmtkm-Ñzm-k-cq-]-
¯n IS¶pt]m-Ip-¶pthm AXp-X-s¶-bm-Ip¶p A¶-
¯nsâ {Kml-I³. AXns\ ]nSn-¨-h³; AXm-bXv DÅn-
te¡p sIm­p-t]m-Ip-¶-h³. {]mW-hm-bp-hns\ kw_-Ôn-
¨v, Cu A¶w apJm-´ncw Pohsâ kwc-£Ww \nÀÆ-ln-
¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-sIm­v CXp km£m Bbp-Êp-
Xs¶ BIp¶p F¶Xv {]kn-²-am-Ip-¶p. AXv Cu A]m-\-
hm- bp-hns\ Iq«n-s¡m-­p-Xs¶ {]mWmZn A©p t`Z- §- fnÂ
hn`-à-ambncn¡p¶ apJy-{]m-Wsâ Hcw-i-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-
\m {]mW³ Xs¶ a\p-jysâ Poh-\m-Ip¶p F¶v
CXnÂ\n¶pw hyà-am-Ip-¶p.
11. k Cu£X IYw \znZw aZrtX kymZnXn k
Cu£tX IX-tcW {]]Zym CXn. k Cu£X bZn
hmNm `nhym-lrXw bZn {]mtWm-\m-`n-{]m-WnXw bZn
N£pjm ZrjvSw bZn t{imt{X-W-ivdpXw bZn XzNm
kv]rjvSw bZn a\km [ymXw bZy-]m-t\-\m-`y-]m-
\nXw bZn inivt\\ hnkr-jvSaY tImlan-Xn.
C{]- Imcw temI-t¯bpw temI- ]m- e- I- ·m- tcbpw krjvSn- `m-K-§-fn t\m¡p-Ibpw a\-Ên C{]-Imcw ]d-bp-Ibpw
N P
171
¨v, AhÀs¡- Ã m- a pÅ Blm-c hpw krjvS n¨v XYm K
a\pjyico-c-[m-cn-bmb ]pcp-j³ Blm-cs¯ {Kln-¡p-¶-
Xn\pw ]Tn-¨p-I-gn-ª-t¸mÄ B kÀÆ-{k-jvSm-hmb ]c-ta-
iz-c³ ho­pw Nn´n¨p ""Cu a\p-jy-cq-]-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb
]pcpj³ Fs¶-¡q-SmsX F§s\ Pohn¡pw? Cu Pohm-
ßm-hn-t\m-Sp-IqSn Fsâ kl-tbmKw D­m-Ip-¶n-sÃ-¦nÂ
AXp X\nsb F{]-Imcw Dd-¨p-\n¡pw? AXp-t]mse
Fsâ kl-tbmKw IqSmsX Cu ]pcp-j³ hmWo-Zzmcm
kwkm-cn-¡p-hm³ ]Tn-¨p, {LmtW-{µnbw hgn aW-¡p-¶-
Xn\p ]Tn-¨p. {]mW³hgn hmbp-hns\ DÅn-tebv¡pw ]pd-
t¯bv¡pw hen-¡p-Ibpw hnSp-Ibpw sN¿p¶ {Inbbpw
]Tn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. I®p-IÄsIm­p ImWp-¶p, {ih-tW-{µn-
b-§ÄsIm­p tIÄ¡p-¶p, XzKn-{µnbw hgn-bmbn kv]Ài-
\kpJw Adn-bp- ¶p, a\-Êp- sIm­p a\\w sN¿p- ¶p, A]m-
\-Zzmcm A¶w hngp-§p-¶p, P\-t\-{µn-b-Zzmcm aq{Xhpw
hocyhpw hnkÀÖn-¡p-¶-Xn-\m \n]p-W\pw IqSn-bm-
Ip¶ p F¦n ]ns¶ F s¶- s ¡m­v Ah- s \´m
Imcyw'' AXm-bXv Fs¶- ¡q-SmsX Cu FÃm C{µn-b-§fpw
hgn-bmbn {]hÀ¯-\-k- ¼-¶-\m- Ip- ¶-Xn\v Chs\ kw_-Ôn-
¨n- S-t¯mfw Akw-`-hy-am- W.v '' C{Xbpw Nn´n-¨n«v Rm³ Cu
a\pjy ico-c¯ - n ]mZ-§fpw akvX-Ihpw þ Cu c­nÂ
GXp-amÀ¤-ambn {]th-in¡pw F¶pw hnNm-cn-¨p.
12. k GX-a th koam\w hnZm-s scy-X bm Zzmcm
{]m]-Zy-X. sskjm hnZr-XnÀ\ma ZzmkvX-tZ-X¶
- m-
]c-am-ßmhv Cu a\p-jy-i-co-c-¯nsâ koasb "aqÀ²m-
hns\' AXm- bXv {_Ò- c- Ôvds¯ ]nfÀ¶n«v AXp-amÀ¤-ambn
B kPoh a\p-jy-i-co-c-¯n {]th-in-¨p. Cu Zzmcw
hnZrXn (hn-ZoÀ®-am-¡-s¸-«-Zzm-cw) F¶ t]cn {]kn-²-am-
bn-¯oÀ¶p. AXp-Xs¶ Cu hnZrXn F¶p t]cp-Å-Zzmcw
({_-Ò-Ô vdw) B\-µ-{]-Zm-b-I-am-b n-cn-¡p¶p; AXm-b Xv
B\µ kzcq-]-\mb ]c-am-ßm- hnsâ {]m]vXn \ÂIp-¶p. ]c-
ta-iz-csâ {]m]vXn-¡pÅ Øm\-§Ä aq¶m-Ip-¶p. kz]v\-
§fpw aq¶v. BZy-t¯-Xmb lrZ-bm-Imiw At±-l-¯nsâ
D]-e-_v[n-Øm-\-am-Ip-¶p. c­m-a-t¯Xv hnip-²m-Im-i-cq-]-
]-c-a-[m- aw. AXv kXy-tem-Iw, tKmtem-Iw, {_Ò-tem-Iw,
kmtI-X-tem-Iw, ssIemkw BZn-bmb At\Iw t]cp-I-
fm Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. aq¶m-a-t¯Xv Cu k¼qÀ®-amb
{_Òm- W v U - a m- I p-¶ p. AXp- t]mse Cu PK-¯ nsâ
Øqehpw kq£va hpw Imc-W -cq-]-hp-amb aq¶-h-Ø-
IÄXs¶ CXnsâ aq¶p kz]v\-§fpw BIp-¶p.
13. k PmtXm `qXm-\ y-`n-s shy-J yXv Inan-l m\yw
hmh-Zn-j-Zn-Xn. k GX-tah ]pcpjw {_Ò XX-a-a-
]-iy-Xv. CZ-a-ZÀi-an-Xo.
a\p-jy-cq-]-¯n DÛ-hn¨ ]pcp-j³ Cu `uXn-IP - -K-
¯nsâ hnNn-{X- c-N-\sb hfsc BÝ-cy-t¯m-Sp-IqSn \mep-
 172

I sNbvXp þ ""Cu hnNn{X PK-¯ns\ krjvSn-¨Xv ChnsS aäm- 1. ]pcptj l hm Ab-am-ZntXm KÀt`m `h-Xn. btZX K
cmWv? F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m CXv F¶m krjvSn-¡-s¸-«- t{ZXx XtZ-XXv kÀtht`ymMv tK`y-kvtXPx kw`q-
tX-b-Ã. Imcy-a p-Å Xp ImcWw XoÀ¨-bmbpw CXnsâ X-am-ß-t\y-hm-ßm\w _n`À¯n XZyZm kv{Xnbmw
krjvSm-hmbn Bsc-¦nepw D­m-bn-cn-¡-Ww.'' C{]-Imcw kn©-Xy-ssY-\-Ö-\-bXn XZky {]Yaw P·.
hnNm-cn-¨n«v B km[-I³ Xsâ lrZ-b¯ - n A´-cym-an-
Cu temI-Pohn BZyw ]pcp-j-i-co-c-¯n (]n-Xm-hnsâ
bmbn hncm-Pn-¡p¶ ]pcp-j-s\-¯s¶ Cu k¼qÀ® PK-
ico-c-¯nÂ) hocy-cq-]-t¯m-Sp-IqSn KÀ`-am-Ip-¶p. ]pcp-jsâ
¯n hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p¶ ]c-{_-Ò¯ - nsâ cq]-¯nÂ, {]Xy-
ico-c¯- n- epÅ Cu hocyw FÃm AwK-§-fnÂ\n¶pw ]pd-
£- am-¡n. At¸mÄ Ah³ B\- µ-\n-a-á-\mbn DÅn C{]-
s¸-«p-­mb tXPÊv (km-cw) BWv. Cu ]nXmhv Xsâ kzcq-
Imcw ]d-bp-hm³ XpS§n þ ""Atlm ku`m-Kyw, Rm³ ]c-
]-`q-X -amb hocy-c q-]-tX-P-Êns\ BZyw kz´w ico-c-
{_-Ò-]-c-ta-iz-cs\ I­n-cn-¡p-¶p, km£m-Xv¡mcw {]m]n-
¯n¯s¶ [cn-¡p-Ibpw ]cn-t]m-jn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-
¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.''
¶p. {_Ò-N-cyw-hgn AXns\ hfÀ¯n ]pjvSn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p.
Cu PK-¯nsâ hnNn{X cN-\-sb-¡­v CXnsâ {kjvSm- ]n¶oSv Ah³ AXns\ kv{XobpsS KÀ`m- i- b- ¯n Øm]n-
hmb ]c- am-ßm-hnsâ k¯-bn hniz-kn¨v a\p-jy³ At±- ¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ AXns\ KÀ`-cq-]-¯n DÛ-hn-¸n-¡p-¶p.
ls¯ Adn-bp-¶-Xn\pw {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw DÕp-I-\mbn AXp amXm-hnsâ ico-c-¯n {]th-in-¡p-¶-Xp-Xs¶
At±-l-¯-¯s¶ B{i-bn¨v {]hÀ¯n-¡p¶p F¦n AXnsâ BZy P·-am-Ip-¶p.
XoÀ¨-bmbpw B ]cm-]-cs\ Adn- bp-hm³ Ign- bp-sa¶ `mhw
2. XÂkv{Xnbm Bß-`qXw iÑ-Xn. bYm kzaw KwX-
ChnsS {]I-S-am-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. ]c-am-ßm-hns\ Adn-bp-
Ym. Xkvam-tZ\mw \ ln\-kvXn. kmsskyX amßm-
¶-Xn\pw {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-apÅ {]hr¯n Cu a\p-jy-i-co-
\-a-{X-KXw `mh-b-Xn.
c-¯nÂ\n¶pw am{Xta km[y-am-I-bp-Åq. aäp ico-c-§-fnÂ
km[y-a-Ã. B kv{Xo (am-Xm-h)v bpsS ico-c-¯n h¶p-tNÀ¶ B
KÀ`w þ ]nXm-hp-h-gn-bmbn Øm]n-X-amb tXPÊv þ B
14. Xkvam-Zn-Zt{µm \mta-Zt{µm l ssh \ma Xan-
kv{XobpsS Bß-`m-hs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv Ah-
Z{µw k´-an{µ CXym-N£ - tX ]tcm-t£-W. ]tcm-
fpsS aäw-K-§Ä t]mse-Xs¶ CXpw Ah-fpsS Hc-h-b-h-
£-{]-nbm Ch ln tZhmx ]tcm-£-{]nbm Ch ln
ambn ]cn-W-an-¡p-¶p. AXp-Im-cWw B KÀ`w Ah-fpsS
tZhmx
DZ-c-¯n InS-¶n«pw bmsXm- cp-hn-[-amb ]oU-Ifpw Ahsf
]c-{_Ò ]c-am-ßm-hns\ B a\p-jy-i-co-c-¯n DÛ- _m[n-¡m-sX-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AsXmcp `mc-am-bn-t¸mepw A\p-
hn¨ ]pcp-j³ ]qÀtÆm-à-amb coXn-bn I­p; Cu Imc- `-hs - ¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. B kv{Xo Xsâ ico-c¯ - n h¶p-tNÀ¶
Ww-sIm-­p-Xs¶ ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ \maw "CZ{µ' F¶m-bn- Xsâ ]Xn-bpsS Bß-cq-]-amb Cu KÀ`s¯ Xsâ Hc-h-b-
¯oÀ¶p. AXm-bXv ""CZw {Z Chs\ Rm³ BZyw I­n-cn- hw-t]m-se-Xs¶ `£-W-km-[-\-§ÄsIm­p ]cn-t]m-jn-¸n-
¡p-¶p.'' Cu hypXv]-¯n-b-\p-k-cn¨v At±-l-¯nsâ \maw ¡p-Ibpw asä-Ãm-¯-c-¯n-ep-apÅ AXym-hiy \nb-a-]m-e-
""CZ{µ'' F¶m-bn. C{]-Imcw B ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ \maw \-§ÄsIm­p ]cn-]m-en¨v AXns\ \Ã-Xp- t]mse c£n- ¡p-
"CZ{µ' F¶p Xs¶-bm-Ip¶p F¶ncp-¶mepw Bfp-IÄ Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
CXns\ ]tcm-£- `m-h-¯n "C{µ' F¶p ]dªp hnfn-¡p-
3. km `mh-bn{Xo `mh-bn-Xhym `h-Xn. Xw kv{Xo
¶p. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m tZh-K-W-§fpw cl-ky-am-bn-s«-
KÀ ` w _ n` À ¯ n. tk m{K G h Ipamc w
¶-t]mse Aev]w ]d-bp-hm-\n-jvS-s¸-Sp-¶p. ""]tcm-£-{]nbm
P· t\ mt{K[ n` m- h - b - X n. k bX vIp- a mc w
Ch ln tZhmx'' Cu A´n-a-hm-Iys¯ ho­pw D¨-cn-¨p-
P·t\mt{K[n`m- h -b - X ym- ß m- \ -t ah XÛm-h -b -
sIm­v Cu JWvU-¯nsâ kam-]vXnsb kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p.
tXyjmw temIm\mw kwX- X ym. Ghw kwXXm
lota temIm-kvXZ- ky ZznXobw P·.
ZznXo-bm-² ymbw kz´w `À¯m-hnsâ Bß-kz-cq-]a - mb B KÀ`s¯
{]Y-a-I mWvU w FÃm hn[- ¯nepw kwc-£n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶ B KÀ`nWn
ho«n-epÅ Bfp-If- mepw {]tXy-In¨v Ah-fpsS `À¯m-hn-
kw_Ôw þ {]Y-am-²ym-b-¯n krjvSn- bpsS D¸-¯n- \mepw ]cn-]m-en-¡-s¸-Sp-hm³ tbmKy-bm-bn- ¯o-cp-¶p. AXm-
{I-a-t¯bpw a\p-jy-i-co- c-¯nsâ al-¯z- t¯bpw ]dªp bXp ho«nepÅh-cp-tSbpw `À¯m-h n-tâbpw ]c-a-amb
Ign-ªp. Pohm-ßm-hn\v Cu ico-c-¯n ]c-am-ßm-hns\ IÀ¯-hy-amWv AhÄ¡pÅ `£- W-{I-a-§fpw Pohn-X-ku-
Adnªp IrX-Ir-Xy-am-bn-¯o-cp-hm³ km[n-¡p-sa- ¶ pÅ I-cy- §fpw sNbvXp-sIm-Sp¯v Ahsf kwc-£n-¡pI F¶p-
Imcyhpw kmt¦-Xn-Ia - mbn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. Ct¸mÄ Cu Å-Xv. B KÀ`s¯ {]k-hn-¡p-¶-Xp-hsc kv{Xo (am-Xm-hv)
ico-c¯- nsâ A\n-Xy-Xsb ImWn¨v sshcmKyw D­m-Ip- Xsâ ico-c-¯n hln-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. ]ns¶ P\n-¨-
¶-Xn-\p-th­n Cu A²ym-b-¯n a\p-jy-i-co-c-¯nsâ Xn-\p-tijw þ P\n-¨m-ep-S³Xs¶ AXnsâ ]nXmhp PmX-
D¸-¯nsb hÀ®n-¡p¶p þ
N P
 173

I IÀ½mZn NS-§p-If- mepw aäp \m\m {]Im-c-¯n-epÅ D]-Nm- kw_-Ôw-þ-C-{]-Imcw IqS-¡qsS P\n-¡p-Ibpw acn-¡p- K
c-§ÄsIm­pw B Ipam-cs\ AZyp-Zb ioe-\m-¡p-Ibpw Ibpw sN¿p-¶Xv Hcp `b-¦-c-amb bmX-\b - m-Ip-¶p. Cu
P\\w apXÂ Ah³ kÀÆYm tbmKy- \m-bn- ¯o-cp- ¶- Xp-hsc Pohn Cu cl-kys¯ {Kln¨v Cu ico-cc - q-]-am-Ip¶
FÃm-{]-Im-c-¯n-ep-apÅ ]cn-]m-e-\-§fpw \m\m-hn-[-¯n-ep- IqSns\ XIÀ¯v CXnÂ\n¶p XnI¨pw thÀs]-Sp- ¶-Xp- hsc
apÅ hnZy-Ifpw {]Zm-\w-sNbvXv FÃm {]Im-c-¯nepw D¶- B P·-bm-X-\bv¡p arXy-cq-]-am-b-bnÂ\n¶pw Hcn-¡epw
X-\m-¡n-¯oÀ¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ip«n-bpsS P\-\m\´cw tamN-\-ap-­m-Ip-¶n-Ã. Cu Bibw ASp¯ c­p a{´-§-
B ]nXm-h,v Ah³ Ign-hp-Å-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶-Xn-\p-th­n fn hma-tZ-h-a-lÀjn-bpsS ZrjvSm-´-¯n¡qSn a\-Ên-em-
Ah\p hnZym-`ym-khpw kwc-£-Whpw \ÂIn tbmKy-\m- ¡-s¸-Sp-¶p.
¡n-¯ oÀ¡p¶p; F´p-sIm-s­-¶m C{]-Im-cw-X s¶
5. XZp-à-ar-jn-Wm-þ-KÀt` \pk-¶-t\z-jm-a-th-Z-alw
Hmtcm-cp-¯-c nÂ\n¶pw DÛ-h n¨v Ch-s bÃmw a\p-jy-
tZhm\mw P\n-am\n hnizm. iXw am ]pc Bb-ko-
hÀ¤s¯ hnkvXoÀ®-am-¡n-¯oÀ¡p-¶p. Hcp Poh³ _me-
c-c -£ -¶ [x tiyt\m Phkm \nc-Zo-b -an-X n. KÀ`
I-cq-]-¯n KÀ`-¯n \n¶pw shfn-bn-tebv¡p hcp-¶Xv
GsshX Ñbmt\m hmta-Zh Gh-ap-]m-N.
Ahsâ c­m-as¯ P·-am-Ip-¶p.
ap³]-dª \mep a{´- §-fnepw hnh-cn-¨n- cn-¡p¶ Imcy-
Cu hnh-c -W-¯nÂIqSn ]nXm-hn\pw ]p{X- \p-apÅ
§-fpsS clkyw ChnsS Ejn-Zzmcm ]d-bs - ¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p.
IÀ¯-hy-¯nsâ in£Ww \ÂI-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. amXm-]n-
KÀ`m-h-Ø-bn¯s¶ AXm-bXp KÀ`w shfn-bn hcp-
Xm-¡-tfmSp ]p{X- ·mÀ¡v `mcn¨ Npa- X-e- IÄ Ds­¶v AhÀ
¶-Xn\p ap¼m-bn-¯s¶ hma-tZ-h-a-lÀjn¡p bYmÀ°-
a\-Ên-em-¡-Ww. AXn-\m AhÀ F{X-am{Xw tkh\w
Úm\w e`n-¨n-cp-¶p. AXn-\m At±lw amXm-hnsâ DZ-c-
A\p-jvTn-¨mepw Ah XnI¨pw Aev]w-am-{Xta BIp-¶p-Åq.
¯n InS-¶p- sIm- ­p- Xs¶ ]dªp þ ""Atlm alm-`m- Kyw,
AXp- t]mse ]nXmhpw Nn´n-t¡-­-Xp­v; Rm\n- h\p hfsc
KÀ`-¯n hkn-¨p-sIm-­p-Xs¶ Rm³ Cu A´x-Ic - -W-
D]-Im-c-§-sfms¡ sNbvXn-cn-¡p¶p Fs¶m¶pw Al-¦-cn-
§-fp-tSbpw C{µn-b -§-fp-tSbpw tZh-X-If - psS At\I
¡p-hm³ ]mSnÃ; adn¨v Rm³ Fs¶-¯s¶ A`n-hr-²n-s¸-
P·§- fn-embn kw`-hn-¨n-«pÅ cl-ky-§sf \Ã-Xp-t]mse
Sp¯n kz´w IÀ¯-hys¯ ]men-¨n-cn-¡p¶p F¶v ]nXm-
{Kln-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXv Fs´m-cm-Ý-cy-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXm-
¡Ä Nn´n-¡-Ww.
bXv P\\w apX-em-bh hmkvX-h-¯n Cu A´x-Ic - -W-
4. tkmkymb- a mßm ]ptWy`yx {]Xn- [ o- b - tX. ¯n-tâbpw C{µn-b§ - -fp-tSbpw am{X-am-Wv, Bßm-hnsâ
AYm-kym-b-an-Xc Bßm IrX-IrtXym htbm-KXx AÃ F¶ Imcyw Rm³ XnI¨pw {Kln-¨p-I-gn-ªn-cn-¡p-
ss{]Xn. k CXx {]b-t¶h ]p\ÀPm-btX XZky ¶p. Cu clkyw {Kln-¡p-¶-Xn\p ap¼v At\Iw teml-
XrXobw P·. k-am-\-I-tTm-c-§-fmb ico-c-]-RP v -c-§-fn F\n¡v _Ô-
\-a \p`hn-t¡-­ -X mbn h¶n-«p- ­ v. Ah-b n \n¶pw
ap³]-dª {]Imcw ]nXm-hn-sâ-Xs¶ Bß-cq-]-amb
tamN\w t\Sp-¶Xv Fs¶ kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw Akm-[y-
]p{X³ Imcy§Ä \S- ¯p-¶-Xn\v tbmKy-\m-bn- ¯o- cpt¼mÄ
am-sW¶p Hcp ZrV-hn-izm-khpw F\n-¡p-­m-bn-cp-¶p.
B ]nXmhv Ahs\ Xsâ {]Xn-\n-[n-bm-¡p-¶p. Aán-tlm-
Ct¸mÄ Rm³ Igp-I-s\-t¸mse Úm\-cq-]-am-Ip¶ iàn-
{Xw, tZh-]q-P, AXn-Yn-tkh apX-embn sshZn-Ihpw euIn-
tb-d nb thK-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Ah-sbÃmw XIÀ¯v Ah-
I-hp-amb F{X- am{Xw ip`-IÀ½-§-fpt­m Ah-sb-Ãm-¯n-
bnÂ\n¶pw thdn-«p-I-gn-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. B ico-cc - q-]-§-fm-
sâbpw `mcw ]p{Xs\ G¸n-¡p-¶p. Krl-Øsâ FÃm
Ip¶ ]RvP-c-§-fp-ambn F\n¡p bmsXmcp kw_-Ôhpw
D¯-c-hm-Zn-Xz-§fpw ]p{X-\n Npa¯n IrX-Ir-Xy-\m- bn-¯o-
Ah-ti-jn-¡p-¶n- Ã. Rm³ F¶-t¶-bv¡p-ambn B ico-c-
cp-¶p. AXm-bXv Xs¶-¯s¶ ]nXr-_m-²y-X-bnÂ\n¶pw
§-f psS Al-¦m-c-¯nÂ\n¶pw apà-\m-b n-¡-g n-ªn-cn-
apà-\m-bn-¯oÀ¡p-¶p. AXn-\p-tijw Cu ico-c-¯nsâ
¡p-¶p.
BbpÊv ]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶ -tXm-Sp-IqSn AbmÄ (]n-Xm-h v)
AXns\ Dt]-£n-¨n«v ChnsS \n¶pw bm{X ]d-bp-¶p. 6. k Ghw hnZzm-\-kvam-Ñc - o-c-t`-Zm-ZqÀ[z DXv{I-aym-
At¸mÄ ChnsS \n¶pw t]mbn aäp-tem-I¯ - n IÀ½m-\p- ap-jva n³ kzÀtK temtI kÀÆm³Im-a m-\ m-]vX zm-
k-cWw FhnsS GXp-tbm-\n-bn P\n-¡p-¶pthm AXv arXx ka-`m-hXv ka-`h - -Xv.
Ahsâ aq¶m-as¯ P·-am-Ip-¶p. C§s\ Cu P·- P-·m-
C{]-Imcw P·-P-·m-´-c-§-fm-bpÅ XXz-§sf Adn-
´- c-¯nsâ ]c-¼c XpSÀ¶p-sIm-t­-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
ªn«p AXm-bXv Poh³ Cu ico-ct- ¯m-Sp-IqSn H¶mbn
P\-\a- -c-W-§-fpsS alm-I-jSv -XIsf Nn´n¨v AXn hkn-¡p-Ibpw ico-cs - ¯-¯s¶ Xsâ kzcq-]-sa¶p Icp-
\n¶pw tamN\w t\Sp-¶-Xn\p Pohm-ßmhv a\pjyico-c-¯n- Xp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-Xp-hsc Ch\p P\-\-a-c-W-§-fn \n¶pw
en-cp¶p {]hÀ¯n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-hsc Cu ]c-¼c XI-cp- tamN\w e`n-¡p-t¶- bn-Ã. Ch\v IqsS-¡qsS \m\m-tbm-\n-
¶n-Ã. AXn- \m CXn- \p- th­n a\p-jyÀ Ahiyw {]hÀ¯n- I-fn P·w FSp- ¯n«v \m\m-hn- [- ¯n- epÅ IjvS-X- IÄ A\p-
¡-Ww. CXp-Xs¶ Cu {]I-c-W-¯nsâ Dt±iw F¶p `-hn-t¡-­-Xm-bn-h-cp¶p þ Cu cl-kys¯ {Kln-¨n-«pÅ
t_m²y-am-Ip- ¶p.

N P
 174

I Úm\n-bmb hma-tZ-h-a-lÀjn KÀ`-¯nÂ\n¶pw shfn- Xs¶ BZyw ]d-ª-Xmb a\-Ê.v kay-¡mbn FÃmw {Kln- K
bn h¶v Ah-km\w ico-c-\miw kw`-hn-¨-t¸mÄ temI- ¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ ImgvN-bnÂ\n¶p hcp-¶p. iàn AXm-bXv
¯n \n¶pw apIfnte-bv¡p-I-bc - p-Ibpw AXp-t]mse aäp-Å-hsc BPvRm-Zzmcm `cn-¡p- ¶- Xn-\pÅ iàn, ]ZmÀ°-
DuÀ[z-K-Xn-Zzmcm `K-hmsâ ]c-a-[m-a- ¯n F¯n Ahn-Ssb §sf {]tXyIw hnth-Nn-¨d- n-bp-¶-Xn-\pÅ iàn, ImWp-
FÃm A`n-em-j-§fpw {]m]n¨v AXm-bXv kÀÆYm B]vX- Ibpw tIÄ¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-hsb a\-kvkn-em-¡p-¶-Xn-
Im-a-\m-bn«v Aa-c-\m-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. A§s\ P\- \pÅ iàn, A\p-`-h-§sf [cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ iàn, ZÀi-
\-a-c-W-N-{I-¯nÂ\n¶pw \nXy-ambn tamN\w {]m]n-¨p. "ka- \-i-àn, ss[cyw AXm- bXv hyXn-N-en-¡m-Xn- cn-¡p- ¶-Xn- \pÅ
`-hXv' F¶ ]Zs¯ BhÀ¯n-¨p-sIm­v ChnsS A²ym-b- iàn, _p²n AXm-bXv \nÝ-bn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ iàn, a\-
¯nsâ kam-]X v nsb kqNn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. \w-sN-¿p-¶-Xn-\pÅ iàn, thKw-þ-£- W-t\- cw-sIm­v Fhn-
sS-bp-sa-¯p-¶-Xn-\pÅ iàn, kvac-W-i-àn, k¦-ev]i - -
àn, at\m-c-Y-i-àn, {]mWi-àn, A`nemji-àn, {ko kl-
XrXo-b m-²ymbw hmkw apX-emb A`n-em-j-§ÄþC-{]-Im-c-apÅ Cu iàn-
{]Y-a-J Wv Uw I-sfÃmw B kzÑ-Ú m-\-kz-cq- ]-\mb ]c-am-Xvam- hnsâ \ma-
§-f m- I p- ¶ p. AXm-b Xv At±- l -¯ nsâ k¯- b psS
1. tImbam- tßXn hb-ap-] m- k va -t l. IXcx k t_m[s¯ kv]jvS-am-¡p¶ e£-W-§-em-Ip-¶p. Ch-
Bßm. tb\ hm ]iyXn tb\ hm irtWmXn tb\ sbÃmw I­n«v Ch-bpsS cNn-Xmhpw k©m-e-I\pw c£-
hm KÔm-\mPn{LXn tb\ hm hmNw hymIp-tcmXn \p-ambhsâ kÀÆ-hym-]-I-amb k¯-bpsS PvRm\w D­m-
tb\ hm kzmZp NmkzmZp N hnPm-\m-Xn. Ip-¶p.
Cu D]-\n-j¯
- nsâ H¶pw c­pw A²ym-b-§-fn-embn 3. Gj {_ssÒj C{µ Gj {]Pm- ] - X n-t ctX
c­m-ßm-¡-fpsS hÀ®-\w-h¶p þ H¶v ]c-am-ßm-h,v FÃm- kÀth-tZhm Cam\n N ]©-a-lm-`q-Xm\n ]rYn ho
¯n-t\bpw krjvSn-¡p-Ibpw kPoh ]pcp-js\ {]Xy-£- hmbp-cm-Imi Bt]m tPymXowjotXy-Xm-\o-am\n N
am¡n AXn\p kl-tbmKw \evIp-¶-Xn\p kzbw AXn £p{Z- a n- { im- W o- h - _ o- P m- \ o- X - c mWn tNX- c mWn
{]th-in-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ ]c-am-ßm-h.v c­v Pohm-ßm-h.v NmÞ-Pm\n N Pmcp-Pm\n N tkzZ-Pm\n tNmZv`n-
bmsXm-¶ns\ kPo-h-]p-cp-j-cq-]¯
- n ]c-am-ßmhv {]I-S- Ö\n Nmizm Kmhx ]pcpjm lkvXnt\m bXvInw-
am-¡p-Ibpw P·-P-·m-´-c§fpsS ]c-¼-c-bn KÀ`-¯n tNZw {]mWn PwKaw N ]X{Xn N b¨p-Øm-hcw
XpS-§n-a-cWw hsc D­m-bn- cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ Pohm-ßm- kÀhw XXv{]-PvRm-t\{Xw {]PvRmt\ {]Xn-jvTnXw
hv. Ch-cn D]m-kn-¡-s¸-tS­ tZh³ Bcv? AXv F§-s\- {] PvR m- t \ - t {X m- t e mIx {] PvR m- { ] - X nj vTm
bp-Å-XmWv? AXns\ F§s\ Xncn-¨-dn-bp¶p? Cu Imcy- {]Úm\w {_Ò.
§sf \nÀ®-bn-¡p-¶-Xn\v Cu A²ymbw {]tbm-P-\-s¸-Sp-
¯p¶p. B D]m-ky-tZ-h-\mb ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ XXzs¯ C{]-Imcw Btem-Nn-¨n«v At±lw AJn-e-t¯bpw
{Kln-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-Õp-I-cmb Ipd-¨m-fp-IÄ ]c-kv]cw Nn´n- krjvSn¨v FÃm {]Im-c-¯n-epÅ iàn {]Zm-\w-sNbvXv
¡p-hm³ XpS-§n. ""bmsXm-¶ns\ \mw D]m-kn-¡p-¶pthm Ahsb kwc-£n-¡p¶ kzÑ-PR v m-\- kz-cq-]-\mb ]c- am-Xvam-
AXm-bXv bmsXm-¶ns\ D]m-kn-¨n«v AXns\ \mw {]m]n-¡- hp-Xs¶ D]m-ky-tZ-h-s\¶p Xocp-am-\n¨p. Ct±-lw-Xs¶
Wtam B Bßmhv Bcv? c­m-as¯ hm¡n bmsXm- {_lm-amhpw BZys¯ A²ym-b-¯n hÀ®n-¨n-«pÅ
¶nsâ kl-tbmKw sIm­v a\p-jyÀ t\{X-Zzmcm kakvX C{µ\pw BIp- ¶ p. Ct±- l w- X s¶ FÃm- ¯ n- tâbpw
Zriy-§-tfbpw ImWp-¶pthm bmsXm-¶n-\m IÀ®-§Ä krjvSnbpw ]me-\h - pw-\-S-¯p-¶-h\pw kIe {]P-If - p-
tIÄ¡-s¸-Sp- ¶pthm bmsXm- ¶n-\m {LmtW{µnbw \m\m- tSbpw kzman-bp-amb {]Pm-]-Xn-bm-Ip-¶p. FÃm C{µm-Zn-tZ-
hn- [-¯n- epÅ KÔ§sf {LmWn-¨-dn- bp-¶pthm bmsXm- ¶n- h-If- p-tSbpw ]rYn, BIm-iw, hmbp, Pew, tXPÊv Cu
\m ck-t\- {µnbw kzmZp-ÅtXm CÃm- ¯tXm F¶p hkvXp- cq]-§ -e n {]I-S-am-bn-c n-¡ p-¶p. ]©-a-l m-`q-X -§ fpw
¡sf {]tXyIw {]tXyIw Xncn-¨d- n-bp-¶pthm AXv ap³]- sNdnb sNdnb _oP-cq-]-§-fn ØnX-am-bn-cn-¡p¶ FÃm
dª c­v Bßm-¡-fn GXmWv? PohnIfpw AXp-t]mse Ah-bn \n¶pw `n¶-§-fmbn aäp-
Å-hbpw AXm-bXv AÞ-§-fn \n¶p-­m-Ip-¶Xpw `qan
2. btZ-X-²r-Zbw a\-ssÝ-X-X.v kwÚm-\-am-Úm\w ]nfÀ¶p-­m-Ip-¶Xpw adp-]n-Ån-bn \n¶p-­m-Ip-¶ Xpw
hnÚm\w {]Úm-\w ta[m ZrjvSnÀ[r-XnÀa-XnÀa- hnbÀ¸n Â\n¶p-­m-Ip-¶Xpw AXm-bXp a\p-jy-i-co-c-
\ojm PqXnx kvarXnx k¦ev]x {IXp-ckpx Imtam ¯nse Agp-¡nÂ\n-¶p-­m-Ip-¶Xpw IpXn-c, B\, ]ip,
hi CXn kÀhm-tWy-ssh-Xm\n {]Úm-\ky \ma- a\p-jy³ Ch-sb-Ãmw-Iq-Snb PK¯pw ]d¶p \S-¡p-¶Xpw
t[-bm\n `h-´n. Ønc-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xpamb Poh-k-ap-Zm-b-§-fpwþ Cu FÃm
C{]-Im-c-apÅ hnNm-c-§sf Ah-X-cn-¸n-¨n«v At±lw {]mWn-Ifpw {]PvRm-\-kz-cq-]\ - mb ]c-Xvam-hnÂ\n¶pw
Btem-Nn-¨p-þCu lrZbw AXm-bXv A´xIcWw CXp- iàn- {]m-]n¨v Xm´m-§- fpsS {]hr-¯n-I-fn kaÀ°- cmbn

N P
 175

I hÀ¯n-¡p-Ibpw B {]PvRm-kz-cq] ]c-am-ßm-hn ØnX- Sp-IqSn k¼qÀ®hpw Znhyhpw Aeu-In-Ihpw Bb t`mK- K

am-bn-c n-¡p-I bpw sN¿p-¶ p. Cu AJne {_ÒmÞw cq-]-am-Ip¶ ]c-am-\-µs¯ {]m]n-¨n«v Aa-c-\m-bn¯ocp¶px
{]PvRm-\-i-àn-bp-à-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. CXnsâ ØnXn-bpsS AXmbXv \nXy-ambn P\\ ac-W-§-fnÂ\n¶pw tamNn-¡-
B[mcw {]PvRm-\-kz- cq-]-\mb ]c-am- Xvam-hp- X-s¶-bm- Ip-¶p. s¸-Sp-¶p. "ka-`-hXv' (Bbn-¯oÀ¶p) Cu ]Z-¯nsâ ]p\-
AXn-\m bmsXmcp-¯³ t\cs¯ C{µs\¶pw {]Pm-]- cpàn D]-\n-j-¯nsâ kam-]vX nsb kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-
Xn-sb-¶papÅ \ma-¯m ]d-bs - ¸-«pthm bmsXm-cp-¯³ th­n {]tbm-Kn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
FÃm-¯n-tâbpw cN-\bpw c£bpw \ÂIp-Ibpw FÃm-
¯n\pw FÃm-hn-[-¯n-ep-apÅ iàn {]Zm\w sN¿p¶
{]PvRm\ kzcq-]-\mb ]c-am-Xvam-hm-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm At±- im´n-] mTw
lw-Xs¶ \½psS D]m-ky-tZ-h-\m-bn-cn-¡p¶ {_Òw B Hmw hmMvta a\kn {]Xn-jvTn-Xm. at\m ta hmNn
Ip-¶p. {] X n- j vTn- X - a m- h n- c - h oÀ a. G [ n. thZk y a
4. k GtX\ {]PvtR-\m-Xva-\m-kvam-tÃm-Im-Zp-Xm{I BWoØx {ipXw ta am {]lm-kox. At\-\m-[o-
aymap-jvan³kzÀtK temtI kÀhm³ Ima-\m-]vXzm- tX- \ m- tlm- c m- {Xm³ kwZ [man- E Xw hZn-j ym- an.
arXx ka-`-h-Õ-a-` -h-Xv. kXyw hZn- j yman X·m- a - h - X p. XZz- à m- c - a - h Xp
AhXp ama-hXp hàm-c-a-hXp hàm-cw.
bmsXm-cp-¯³ C{]-Imcw {]PvRm-\-kz-cq-]-\mb ]c-ta-
iz- cs\ Adn-bp-¶pthm Ah³ Cu temI- ¯nÂ\n¶pw apI- Hmw im´nx ! im´nx !! im´nx !!!
fn-te-bv¡p-bÀ¶v AXm-bXv ico-cs¯ XyPn¨v ]c-am-\-µ-a- CXnsâ AÀ°w Cu D]-\n-j-¯nsâ Bcw-`-¯nÂ
b-amb ]c-a-[m-a-¯n {]PvRm\ kzcq-]-\mb {_lva-t¯m- sImSp-¯n-«p-­v.

1 {]ivt\m-]-\n-j¯v 3

{]ivt\m-]-\n-j¯v AYÀÆ-th-Z-¯n ]n¸-emZ imJ- kzkvXn\ \ Ct{µm hr²-{ihmx kzkvX n \x

bpsS {_mÒW `mK-¯nÂ\n-¶p-Å-Xm-Wv. Cu D]-\n-j-
¯n ]n¸-emZ alÀjn kptI-im-Zn-I-fmb Bdp alÀjn-
am-cpsS Bdp tNmZy-§Ä¡v {Ia-{]-Imcw D¯cw ]d-bp-¶p.
AXn-\m CXnsâ t]cv {]ivt\m-]-\n-j¯v F¶m-bn-
¯oÀ¶p.
im´n-] mTw
Hmw `{Zw IÀt®`nx irWp-bma tZhm `{Zw ]tiy-
tam£ `ncy-P{Xm:
Ønssc cMvssK-kvXpjvSp hmwk-kvX-\q-`nÀ hytia
tZh-lnXw bZmbp:
]pjm hniz-thZm:
kzkvXn \ kvXmÀt£ym Acn-jvS-t\an:
kzkvXn t\m _rl-kv]X- nÀZ-[m-Xp.
Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
Kpcp-Ip-e-§-fn A²y-b\w sN¿p¶ injy-·mÀ X§-
fpsS Kpcp-hn\pw kl-]m-Tn-IÄ¡pw XYm am\-h-k-aq-l-
¯n\pw awKfw D­m-Ip-¶-Xn\mbn tZh-X-I-tfmSp {]mÀ°n-
¡p-¶p. ""tl tZh-·m-tc, R§Ä R§-fpsS ImXp-I-fnÂ
ip`aw-K-f-I-c-§-fmb hN-\§
- Ä am{Xw tIÄ¡-s«. \nµ,
Bt£- ]w, Ak`yw AXp-t]mse aäpÅ ]m]- P-\n-X-§-fmb
Imcy-§Ä Ch R§-fpsS ImXp-I-fn ]Xn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡-s«.

N P
 176
I R§-fpsS kz´w PohnXw `P-\]- m-cm-b-Wm-Zn-I-fm kZm
`K-hmsâ Bcm-[-\-I-fn hym]r-X-am-bn-cn-¡-s«. IÀ®-§-
fn¡qSn {ihn-¡p-I-am{Xw sN¿msX t\{X§Ä sIm­pw
R§Ä kZm awK- fs¯ ZÀin-¡-s«. GsX-¦nepw Aaw-K-f-
Im-cntbm AYhm \mi-¯n- tebv¡p \o§n-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-
¶tXm Bb ImgvNI - sf R§-fpsS ZrjvSn BIÀjn-¡m-
Xn-cn- ¡-s«. R§-fpsS ico-cw, Hmtcm Ah-b- h-hpw, `K-hms\
kvXpXn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\p kpZr-Vhpw kp]p-jSv -hp-am-
bn-¯o-c-s«. R§-fpsS BbqÊv t`mK-hn-em-k-§-fn apgp-
In-¡-gn-bm-Xn-cn-¡s«; `K-hm\p {]tbm-P-\-s¸-Sp¶ hn[-¯n-
epÅ BbpÊv R§Ä¡p e`n-¡-s«. (tZ-h-IÄ R§-fpsS
Hmtcm C{µn-b-§-fnepw A[n-h-kn¨v Ahsb kwc-£n-¡p-
Ibpw {]hÀ¯n- ¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AhÀ¡-\p-Iq-e-am-
bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-sIm­v R§-fpsS C{µn-b-§Ä kpK-a-ambn
k·mÀ¤- ¯n XpSÀ¶p-sIm- ­n- cn-¡p-¶p. AXp-sIm­v Ah-
tcmSpw {]mÀ°n-¡p-¶Xv DNn-X-am-Ip-¶p) FÃm Zn¡p-I-fnepw
kpb-it- Êm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bh- c
- mb tZh-cm-P³ C{µ³, kÀÆ-Ú-
\mb ]qjm-h,v Acn- jSv - \n-hm-c-I- \mb XmÀ£y³ (K- cp-U³),
_p²n-bpsS kzman-bmb _rl-k] v Xn þ Ct±lw FÃm tZh-
·m-cp-tSbpw hn`q-Xn-bm-Ip¶p þ ChÀ kZm R§-fpsS awK-
fs¯ ]cnt]mjn¸n-¡-s«. Ch-cpsS Ir]-bm R§-tfm-
sSm-¯pÅ FÃm Pohn-IÄ¡pw awKfw D­m-bn-s¡m-­n-cn-
¡-s«. B²ym-ßn-Ihpw B[n-ssZ- hn-Ihpw B[n `uXn-Ihpw
Bb FÃm Xm]-§Ä¡pw im´n-bp-­m-Is«!
{]Y-a -{]iv \ w
1. Hmw kptIim N `mc-ZzmPx ssihyÝx kXy-Imax
kucym-bWo N KmÀKyx Iuk-e y-Ým-iz-em-bt\m
`mÀ¤thm sshZÀ`nx I_Ôo ImXym- b -\ kv tX
ssltX {_Ò-]cm {_Ò-\njvTmx ]cw {_Òm-t\z-
jamWm Gj l ssh XÕÀÆw h£y-Xo-XntX
l kan-Xv]m-Wtbm `K-h´w ]n¸-em-Z-ap-]-k¶mx
HmwIm-c -kz-cq-]-amb k¨n-Zm-\-\vL-\-]-c-am-ß m-hnsâ
kvac-W-tbm-Sp-IqSn D]-\n-j¯v Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p. `c-Zzm-Psâ
]p{X³ kptI-im, in_n-Ip-am-c³ kXy-Im-a³, KÀ¤-tKm-{X-
¯n ]nd¶ kucym-b-Wn, tImk-e-tZi \nhm-kn-bmb
Biz-em-b-\³, hnZÀ`-tZ-is¯ `mÀ¤-h³, IXysâ {]]u-
{X³ I_Ôn ChÀ {]kn-²-·m-cm-Ip-¶p. ChÀ thZm-`ym-k-
]-cm-b-Wcpw {_Ò-\njvT ({i-Z-[m-]qÀÆw thZm-\p-Iq-e-amb
BN-c-Ww) \S-¯p-¶-hcpw Bbn-cp-¶p. Hcn-¡Â Cu Bdp
alÀjn-amcpw ]c-{_-Ò-]ctaiz-c-hn-j-b-Ia - mb PnÚm-k-
bm H¶n-¨p-]p-d-s¸-«p. ]n¸-emZ alÀjn¡v Cu hnjbw
\¶m-bn-«-dn-bm-sa¶v AhÀ tI«n- cp- ¶p. AXn-\m "{_Òs¯
kw_-Ôn¨v \mw Adn-bp-hm-\m-{K-ln-¡p-¶-sXÃmw At±lw
\ap¡p ]d-ªp-Xcpw' F¶p hnNm-cn¨v AhÀ PnÚm-kp-
¡-fpsS thj-¯ne ssIbn kan¯pw FSp¯p ]n¸-em-
Z-a-lÀjn-bpsS ASp-¡Â sN¶p.
N P
2. Xm³l k Ejn-cp-hmN `qb Gh X]km {_Ò K
NtcyW {i²bm kwh-Õ cw kwh-Õ yY bYm-
Imaw {] i v\ m³ ] r - Ñ X bZn hnÚ m- k ymax
kÀhwl thmh-£yma CXn.
ta¸-d ª Bdp alÀjn-amcpw ]c-{_-Ò-] -c-amb
PnÚm- k- bm Xsâ-b-Sp-¡Â h¶Xp I­n«v alÀjn ]n¸-
em-Z³ Ah-tcmSp ]dªp þ \n§Ä X]-kzn-If - m-W-tÃm.
\n§Ä {_Ò-N-cys¯ ]men-¨p-sIm­p kmwtKm-]mw- K-th-
Zhpw ]Tn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. F¶n-cp-¶mepw Fsâ B{i-a-¯nÂ
hkn-¨p- sIm­v ho­pw Hcp kwh-Õ-c-¡mew {i²m-]qÀÆw
{_Ò-N-cys¯ A\p-jvTn-¨p-sIm­v X]-Ý-cy-bn Ign-bp-
hn³. AXn-\p-tijw \n§Ä F´m-{K-ln-¡p-¶pthm AXv
Ft¶mSp tNmZn-¨p-sIm-Åp-I. \n§Ä tNmZn-¡p¶ tNmZy-
§Ä F\n-¡-dn-hp-ÅX - m-sW-¦n \nÊ-tµlw \n§Ä¡v
FÃm-¡m-cy-§fpw \¶mbn a\-Ên-em-I-¯-¡-hn[w ]d-ªp-
X-cmw.
kw_Ôw þ alÀjn-bpsS BÚ-{]-Imcw FÃm-hcpw
{i², {_Ò-N-cyw, X]ky Chsb hn[n-]qÀÆw \nÀÆ-ln-
¨p-sIm­v Hcp kwh-Õcw AhnsS hkn-¨p.
3. AY I_Ôo ImXym-b\ Dt]Xy ]{]Ñ
`K-h³ ItXm l hm Camx {]Pmx
{]Pm-b´ CXn.
]n¸-em-Za- -lÀjn-bpsS BÚ-{]-Imcw AhÀ {i²m-
]qÀÆw {_Ò-Ncyw ]men-¨p-sIm­v AhsS X]-Ýcy A\p-
jvTn-¡p-hm³ XpS-§n. alÀjn-bpsS kwc-£- W-bn kwb-
a- t¯m-Sp-IqSn Pohn¨v Hcp hÀjw hsc AhÀ XymK- a-b-ambn
PohnXw Ign-¨p. AXn-\p-tijw Ah-scÃmw ho­pw ]n¸-
emZ alÀjn-bpsS kao]w sN¶p. Ah- cn kÀÆ- {]-Y- a\pw
IXy-a-lÀjn-bpsS {]]u-{X-\p-amb I_Ôn `àn-tbmSpw
hn\-b- t¯m- Spw- IqSn tNmZn-¨p. ""`K- h³, bmsXm-¶n \n¶pw
Cu k¼qÀ®-N-cm-N-c-Po-hnIÄ \m\m-cq-]§ - -fn Dev]-¶-
am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm¶v CXnsâ kp\n-Ýn-X-amb ]c-
a-Im-c-W-am-Ip-¶pthm AXv F´m-Ip¶p?
4. Xkvssa k tlmhmN {]Pm-Imtam ssh {]Pm]
Xnx k Xt]mX]yX k X]-kvX]vXzm k anYp-\-
apXv ]mZ-b-tX. cbnw N {]mWw tNtXyXu ta _lp-
[m-{]Pmx Icn-jyX CXn.
I_-Ôn- a-lÀjn- bpsS Cu tNmZyw {ihn¨v alÀjn ]n¸-
em-Z³ ]dªp þ tl ImXym-b-\, AJne Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw
kzman-bmb ]c-ta-iz-c\v krjvSn-bpsS Bcw- `-¯n {]Psb
Dev]m-Zn-¸n-¡p-hm³ CÑ-bp-­m-b-t¸mÄ At±lw k¦ev]
cq]-amb X]-Ê-\p-jvTn-¨p. Cu kwKXn thZ-§-fn {]kn-
²-am-WtÃm! X]-ÊnÂ\n¶pw At±lw kÀÆ-{]-Y-a-ambn
cbnbpw {]mW-\pw, Ch c­n-t\-bpw, Hcp tPmUn-bmbn
krjvSn-¨p. AXns\ krjvSn-¨-Xnsâ Dt±iw Ch c­pw-
IqSnt¨À¶v F\n-¡ p-th­n \m\m-{]-Im-c -§ -fn-ep-apÅ
 177

I krjvSn-Isf Dev]m-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\m-bn-cp-¶p. Cu a{´-¯n kqcy-In-c-W-§-fp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«n«v Ahbv¡p \ho-\-amb K

FÃm-¯n\pw Poh³ {]Zm\w sN¿p-¶Xv GsXmcp ka-jSv n- kv^pÀ¯n e`y-am-Ip-¶p. AXp-t]mse Xs¶ GsXÃmw ka-
Po-h- \-i-àn-bm- Ip- ¶pthm AXns\ ""{]mW³'' F¶ t]cn b-§-fn Fhn-sS-hn-sS-sbÃmw kqcy³ Xsâ {]Imiw ]c-
hnfn-¡p- ¶p. Cu Poh-\-i- àn-bnÂ\n-¶p-Xs¶ {]Ir-Xn-bpsS ¯p-¶pthm Ahn-S-hn-sS-bpÅ Pohn-IÄ¡v kv^pÀ¯n
Øqe-kz-c q-]-¯n kakvX hkvX p-¡-fnepw Poh³, \ÂIn-s ¡m-t­-b n-c n-¡ p-¶ p. AXn-\ m kqcy³ Cu
ØnXn Ch-bpsS bYm-tbm-Ky-am-bpÅ kma-RvPkyw kw`- kakvX PK-¯n- tâbpw {]mW-\mIp¶p.
hn-¡p- I- bm Øqe-`qX kap-Zm- b- ¯nsâ \maw "cbn' F¶p
7. k Gj sshizm-\tcm hniz-cq]x {]mtWmáncp-
hnfn-¡-s¸-«p. AXp {]mW-cq-]-amb Poh-\-i-àn-bm A\p-
Z-b-tX. XtZ-X-Zr-Nm-`yp-àw.
{]m-Wn- X-ambn Imcy£a- am-Ip-¶p. {]mW³ tNX-\-bm-Ip- ¶p.
cbn iàn-bpw BIr-Xnbpw BIp-¶p. {]mW-tâbpw cbn- Pohn-I-fpsS ico-c¯
- n ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ sshizm-\-c-
bp-tSbpw kwtbm-K-¯n \n¶p Xs¶ krjvSn-bpsS ka- P- T - c m- á n-
b m `£Ww Zln-¡p-¶p. AXv kqcysâ Xs¶
kvX-Im-cy-§fpw ]qÀ¯n-bm-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Ch-Xs¶ A\y{X Awi-am-Ip¶p; AXn-\m kqcy³ Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. AXp-
Aánbpw tkma\pw F¶-t]-cn ]d-b-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. t]mse {]mW³, A]m-\³, kam-\³, hym\³, DZm- \³ Cu
A©p-cq-]-§-fnepw {]mW³ hn`-à-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXpw
5. BZntXym l ssh {]mtWm cbn-tch
B DZ-b-kq-cysâ Awi-am-Wv. AXn-\m kqcy³ Xs¶
N{µam cbnÀ
BIp¶p Cu Imcyw Xs¶ ASp¯ EIvhmcm hyà-am-¡-
hm GXXv kÀÆw b·qÀ¯w NmaqÀ¯w s¸-Sp-¶p.
N Xkvam-·qÀ¯n-tch cbnx
8. hniz-cq]w lcnWw PmX-th-Zkw
Cu a{´-¯ n {]mW-tâbpw cbn-b p-tSbpw kzcq- ]cm-bWw tPymXn-tcIw X]´w
]s¯ hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. ]n¸-em-Z³ ]dªp þ Cu ImW-s¸-
kl-{k-civanx iX[m hÀ¯-am\x
Sp¶ k¼qÀ®-P-K¯v {]mW\pw cbnbpw F¶o c­p-X-Xz-
§-fp-tSbpw kwtbm-K-¯n \nt¶m k½n-{i-W-¯n {]mWx {]Pm-\ m-ap-Z-b-tXyj kqcyx.
\nt¶m D­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m Chsb {]tXyIw Cu IncW Pme- § - f m aWv U n- X hpw {]Im- i -
{]tXyIw FSp-¯p-]-d-bp-hm³ km[y-a-Ã. F¶n-cp-¶mepw ]qÀ®hpw X]n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-amb kqcy³ hniz-
\mw {]Xy-£-am-bn-¡m-Wp¶ Cu kqcy³Xs¶ {]mW-\m- ¯nsâ kakvX cq]-§-fp-tSbpw tI{µ-am-sW¶v AXnsâ
Ip-¶p. F¶m CXn¯s¶ AJn-e-¯n\pw Poh³ XXzw Adn-bp-¶-hÀ ]d-bp-¶p. FÃm cq]-§fpw (\n-dhpw
{]Zm\w sN¿p¶ tNX-\m-i-àn-bpsS {][m-\-Xbpw A[n-I- BIr-Xn-bpw) kqcy-\nÂ\n¶pw DÛ-hn-¡p-Ibpw {]Im-in-
Xbpw ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. Cu kqcy³ B kq£va-Po-h\ - -i- ¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Cu kqcy³Xs¶ AJn-e-¯n-tâbpw
àn- bpsS L\o-`q- X-amb kzcq-]- am-Ip-¶p. AXp-t]m-se- Xs¶ DÂ]-¯n-Øm-\hpw Poh³ tPymXn-Ênsâ aqe-t{km-XÊpw
Cu N{µ³ cbn-bm-Ip-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m CXn BIp-¶p. CXp kÀÆ-Úhpw kÀÆm-[m-chpw BIp-¶p.
Øqe-X-Xz-§sf ]pjvS n-s¸-Sp-¯p¶ `qX-X-·m-{X-I-fpsS sshizm-\-cm-KXv \n {]mW-i-àn-bpsS cq]-¯n FÃm-bn-
B[nIyw \ne-\n¡p-¶p. kakvX Pohn-I-fp-tSbpw Øqe- S¯pw hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-Ibpw FÃm-¯n-t\bpw hln-¨p-sIm-
i-co-c-§-fpsS t]mjWw Cu N{µsâ iànb {]m]n-¨n«p ­n-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. kakvX PK-¯n- tâbpw {]mW-
kw`-hn-¡p-¶p. \½psS ico-c-¯n Ch c­n-tâbpw iàn- cq]w kqcy³ Xs¶-bm-Wv. CXn\p Xpey-ambn Cu PK-
IÄ {]tXyIw AwK-{]-Xyw-K-§-fn hym]vX-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. ¯n aäp bmsXmcp Poh-\-i-ànbpw CÃ. Cu kl-{k-In-
Ah-bn Poh\ iànbp-am-bpÅ kw_Ôw kqcy-\n c- W-\mb kqcy³ \½psS FÃm {]hÀ¯-\-§- fp-tSbpw XpS-
\n¶pw amwkw, taZÊv apX-e mb Øqe-X -X z-§ -f psS ¡w-Ip-dn-¨p-sIm­v DZn-¡p-¶p. {]]-©-¯n NqSpw {]Im-
kw_Ôw N{µ-\n \n¶p-am-Ip-¶p. ihpw ]c-¯p-I, AJn- e-¯n\pw Poh- \- iàn {]Zm\w sN¿p-
6. AYm-ZnXy DZ-b³bXv {]mNow Zniw {]hn-i-Xn- I, EXp-¡sf ]cn-hÀ¯-\-s¸-Sp-¯pI apX-embn \½psS
tX\ {]mNym³ {]mWm³ civanjp k¶n-[ -t¯. AkwJyw Bh-iy-§sf ]qÀ¯o-Ic - n-¨p-sIm­v FÃm
b±-£ nWmw bXv {]XoNow bZp- Z oNow bZt[m krjvSn-I-fp-tSbpw Poh-Zm-Xm-hmb {]mW³Xs¶ kqcysâ
bZqÀ[zw bZ-´ -c m-Zntim bÕÀÆw {]Im-i -b Xn cq]-¯n DZn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p.
tX\ kÀhm³ {]mWm³ civanjp k¶n-[-t¯. kw_Ôw þ kÀÆ-i-àn-am-\mb ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c-\nÂ
Cu a{´-¯n FÃm Pohn-If - n-ep-apÅ Poh\ iàn- \n¶p-Xs¶ At±-l-¯nsâ k¦ev]w hgn {]mW-tâbpw
tbmSv kqcy-\pÅ kw_-Ôs¯ ImWn-¡p-¶p. cm{Xn-¡p- cbn-bp-tSbpw kwtbm-K-¯nÂ\n¶pw Cu {]]-©-¯nsâ
tijw kqcy³ ]qÀÆ-Zn-¡n DZn¨v Xsâ {]Imiw hym]n- Dev]¯n apX-em-bh kw`-hn¨p F¶v ImXym-b-\³ I_-
¸n- ¡p-t¼mÄ Ahn- sS-bpÅ Pohn-I-fpsS {]mWs\ Xsâ Inc- Ôn-bpsS tNmZy-¯n\p kwt£-]a - mbn D¯cw ]d-ªp.
W-§-fm [cn-¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv Ah-bpsS Poh\ iàn C\n Cu {]mW-i-àn-bp-tSbpw cbn-i-àn-bp-tSbpw kw_-

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I Ô-t¯m-Sp-IqSn ]c-ta-iz-cs\ D]m-kn-¡m-\pÅ coXn-Ifpw D]-cypà kIm-tam-]m-k-I-·m-cnÂ\n¶pw `n¶-ambn K

AXnsâ ^e-§fpw ]d- bp- ¶- Xn- \p- th­n ASp¯ {]I-cWw Ieym-W-Im-an-I-fm-bn-«pÅ km[-I-·mÀ Cu kmwkm-cn-I-t`m-
Bcw-`n-¡p¶p þ K-§-fpsS A\n-Xy-X- tbbpw ZpxJ-kz-cq-]-t¯bpw a\-Ên-em-
¡n-bn«v Ah-bn \n¶pw XnI¨pw hnc-à-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
9. kwh- Õ tcm ssh {]Pm- ] - X n- k v X - k ym- b t\
AhÀ {i²-tbm-Sp-IqSn XymK-a-ba - mb PohnXw \bn-¡p-
Z£nWw tNm¯cw N. XtZy l ssh XZn-jvSm-
Ibpw B²ym-ßnI hnZy-h-gn-bm-bn, AXm-bXv ]c-am-ß-
]qÀt¯ IrX- an-X yp-] m- k tX tX Nm{µ- a- k - tah
{]m]vXn e`y-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\\ - p-Iq-e-amb GsX-¦nepw km[\-
temI-a-`n-P-b-t´. X Gh ]p\-cm-hÀ¯t´ Xkvam-
h-gn-bm-bn, AJn-e-¯n-tâbpw Bß-kz-cq-]a - mb ]c-{_-Ò-
tZX Ejbx {]Pm-Imam Z£nWw {]Xn-]-Zyt´ Gj
]p-cp-tjm- ¯-as\ \njv¡m-a- ambn D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. CXp kwh-
l ssh cbnÀbx ]nXr-bm-Wx.
Õ-c-cq-]-am-Ip¶ {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS D¯-cmw- K-¯nsâ D]m-k-
Cu a{´-¯n kwh-Õ-cs¯ ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ {]Xo- \-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. CXns\ Cutimhm-tkym-]-\n-j¯ - nÂ
I- am-¡n- bn«v AXnsâ AwK-cq- ]-c-bn- Øm- \ob t`mKy-]-ZmÀ°- kw`q-Xn-bpsS D]m-k-\s - b¶p ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. CXnsâ
§-fpsS Dt±-i-t¯m-Sp-IqSn \S-¯-s¸-Sp¶ D]m-k-\bpw D]m-k -I ³ D¯-cm-b -W -amÀ¤-¯ n¡qSn kqcy-tem-I -
AXnsâ ^ehpw ]d-bp-¶p. `mhw Fs´-¶mÂ, ]{´-­p- ¯nÂsN¶p kqcysâ Bß-kz-cq-]-amb ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-ta-iz-
am-k-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb kwh-Õ-c-cq-]-am-Ip¶ Imew Xs¶. cs\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. kakvX PK-¯n-tâbpw {]mW-tI{µw
krjvSn-bpsS kzman-bmb ]c-ta-iz-csâ kzcq-]-am-Ip-¶p. Cu kqcy³X-s¶- bm-Ip-¶p. CXp-Xs¶ Aa-c-Xzhpw Ahn-
CXn\v c­v Ab-\-§-fp­v; Z£n-Whpw D¯-c-hpw. Z£n- \m-inbpw \nÀ`-b-]-Zhpw BIp¶p; CXp-Xs¶ ]c-a-K-Xn-bm-
Wm-b-\¯ - nse Bdp amk-§-fn kqcy³ sXt¡m-«mbn Ip-¶p. CXns\ {]m]n-¡p¶ alm-ßm-¡Ä aS-§n-h-cp-¶n-Ã.
AXnsâ Z£n-Wmw-K-sa-¶-t]mse Id-§p-¶p. D¯-cm-b-\- CXv ]qÀÆ-P-·s¯ XS-bp¶ BXy-´n-I-{]-f-ba - m-Wv. Cu
¯nse Bdp- am- k- §Ä AXnsâ D¯- cmw-K-hp-am-Ip- ¶p. Ah- a{´-¯n kqcys\ ]c-ta-iz-csâ kzcq-]-am-bw-Ko-I-cn-¨p-
bn D{XmwKw {]mW-\m-Ip¶p; AXv Cu hniz-¯nsâ sIm-­p-Xs¶ D]-cyp-à-a-lna ]d-bs - ¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. CtX
Bß-kz-cq-]-amb B ]ctaizcsâ kÀÆm-´- cym-an-kz-cq-]- kwKXn Xs¶ ASp¯ a{´-¯n H¶p-IqSn kv]jvS-am-
am-W.v Z£n- WmwKw cbn AXm-bXv AXnsâ _mly-t`m-Ky- ¡p-¶p.
kz-cq-]-am-Ip-¶p. Cu temI-¯n k´m-t\-Nvip-¡-fmb
11. ]©-]mZw ]nXcw ZzmZimIrXnw Znh Blpx ]tc
Ejn-IÄ kzÀ¤mZn kmwkm-cn-I-t`m-K-§-fn Bk-à-cm-bn-
AÀt² ]pco-jn-Ww. AtXta A\y D ]tc hnN-
cn-¡p-¶p. AhÀ bÚm-Zn-IÄ hgn-bmbn tZh-X-Isf ]qPn-
£Ww k]vXN - t{I jUtc Blp-cÀ¸n-Xa - n-Xn.
¡p- I , {_mÒ- W mZn t{ijv T ·mÀ¡p [\m- Z n- I - f mÂ
k¡mcw \S-¯p-I, ZpxJn- XÀ¡p tkh\w A\p-jvTn-¡pI ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c sâ ZrjvSn-tKm-N-c-cq-]-amb Cu
apX-em-b- hbpw AXp- t]mse Ipfw, InWÀ, ]qt´m-«w, Bip- kqcy\v A©p-]m-Z-§-fp-s­¶v F{Xtbm XXz-th-¯m-¡Ä
]-{Xn, A\m-Ym-eb - w, ]pkvX-Im-ebw apX- embn temtIm-]- ]d-bp-¶p. AXm-bXv Bcp EXp-¡-fn \n¶pw tla-´hpw
Im-c-{]-Z-§- fmb Nnc-Ømbn kvamc-I-§Ä Øm]n-¡pI apX- inin-chpw þ Cu c­v EXp-¡sf H¶m-¡n-bn«v ]©-EX - p-
emb [mÀ½n-I-Ir-Xy-§sf X§-fpsS DÂIrjv-S-IÀ¯-hy- ¡sf AhÀ Cu kqcysâ A©p-N-c-W-§-fmbn hnh-£n-
§-fm-bn-¡-cp-Xp-¶p. XÂ^-ea - mbn Cu temI-¯nepw ]c- ¡p- ¶p. AXp-t]mse ]{´- ­p-am-k-§sf CXnsâ ]{´- ­m-
tem-I¯ - n-epapÅ t`mK-§sf Dt±-in¨v Ch-bpsS D]m-k-\- Ir-Xn-If - mbpw AXm-bXv ]{´­p ico-c-ambpw ]d-bp-¶p.
Isf A\p-jvTn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. CXv B kwh-Õ-c-cq- CXnsâ Øm\w kzÀ¤-tem-I-¯nepw D¶-X-am-Ip-¶p. kzÀ¤-
]-\mb ]c-ta-iz-csâ Z£n-Wmw-Ks¯ Dt±-in¨pÅ D]m-k- temIw t]mepw CXnsâ {]Im-iw- sIm­p tim`n- ¡p-¶p. Cu
\-bm-Ip-¶p. CXn-s\-¯s¶ Cuim-hm-tkym-]-\n- j-¯n temI-¯ n hÀjn-¡ -s ¸-S p¶ Pe-¯ nsâ D¸¯n
Akw-`q-Xn-bpsS D]m-k\m \ma-¯n tZhIÄ, ]nXr-¡Ä, CXnÂ\n-¶p-X-s¶- bm-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m AJn-e-¯n\pw Pe-
a\p-jyÀ BZn-bmb ico-c- §-fpsS tkh-ambn ]d-bs - ¸-«n-cn- cq- ]-Po-h³ {]Zm\w sN¿p- ¶-Xp-sIm­v CXv FÃmhcp-tSbpw
¡p-¶p. CXnsâ {]`m-h-¯m AhÀ N{µ-temIw {]m]n-¡p- ]nXm-hm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. aäp Úm\n-I-fm-bp-Å-hÀ ]d-bp-¶-X,v
Ibpw AhnsS AhÀ X§- fpsS IÀ½-^-e§ - Ä A\p-`h - n- Nph¸p aª apX-embn k]vX-hÀ®-In-c-W-bp-àhpw XYm
¨n«p ho­pw Cu temI-¯n-te¡p Xncn-¨p-h-cn-Ibpw sN¿p- hk-´m-Zn-I-fmb Bdv EXp-¡-fp-tSbpw tlXp `qX-hp-amb
¶p. CXp Xs¶ ]nXr-bm-W-amÀ¤w BIp-¶p. Cu hnip-²-{]-Im-i-a-ba - mb kqcy-a-WvU-e-¯n þ Ggp
N{I-§fpw Bdv Bc-¡m-ep-If - p-apÅ cY-¯n þ ØnXn-
10. AtYm-¯-tcyW X]km {_Ò-N-tcyW {i²
sN-¿p-¶p. CXnsâ Bß kzcq] FÃm-hÀ¡pw \¶m-b-dn-
bm hnZymbmßm\-a-\zn-jym-Zn-Xy-a-`n-P-b-t´. GX- bm-hp¶ kÀÆ-Ú-\mb ]c-ta-iz-c³, Xs¶ D]m-ky-\m-Ip-
ssZz-{]m-Wm-\m-am-b-X-\-ta-XZ- -ar-X-a-`b
- -ta-XXv ]cm-b- ¶p. \½psS Øqe-t\-{X-§Ä¡v ImW-s¸-Sp¶ kqcy-a-
W-ta-X-kvam¶ ]p\-cm-hÀ¯´ CtXyj \ntcm-[- WvUew AXnsâ ico-c-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m CXv AXnsâ
kvXt- Zj tÇmIx. Xs¶-bmb aln-a-bm-Ip-¶p.

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I 12. amtkm ssh {]Pm-]-Xn-kvXky IrjvW-]£ ]IÂ kv{XokwKw \S-¯m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\pw hnln-X-amb K

Gh-cbnx ipIvfx {]mW-kvX-kvam-tZX Ejbx ip¢ cm{Xn-Im-e§
- -fn imkv{Xm-\p-k-cWw \nb-an- Xhpw kwb-
CjvSw IpÀh-´o-Xc CX-c-kvan³. an-Xhpw Bb cq]-¯n k´m-t\m-ev]m-Z-t\-Ñ-tbm-Sp-IqSn
am{Xw kv{Xo kl-hmkw sN¿p-¶-Xn\pw D]-tZ-in-¡-s¸-«n-
Cu a{´-¯n amk-§Ä¡p {]Pm-]Xn ]c-ta-iz-csâ
cn-¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ Ah\p {_Ò-Nm-cn-I-fpsS KW-\-bnÂ
cq]w sImSp-¯n«p IÀ½- §Ä hgn AXns\ D]m-kn-¡p-¶-
hcp-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p.
Xn\pÅ clkyw ]d-b-s¸-«n- cn-¡p-¶p. Hmtcm amkhpw {]Pm-
]-Xn-sb-t¸mse F¶p `mhn-¡p-¶p. AXn IrjvW-]-£- 14. A¶w ssh {]Pm-]-Xn-kvXtXm l ssh Xt{ZX
¯nse ]Xn-\- ©p-Zn-h-k-§Ä B ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ Z£n-Wmw- kvXkvam-Znax {]Pmx {]Pm-b´ CXn.
K- am-Wv. CXn- s\- Xn-cmbn (Øq-e-`q-XkapZm-b-¯nsâ ImcWw Cu a{´-¯n A¶s¯ (`-£-Ww) {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS
F¶p a\-Ên-em-¡-Ww. CXv B ]c-ta-iz-csâ iàn- kz-cq- cq]-¯n hn`m-h\w sNbvXn«v AXnsâ aln- asb ]d-bp¶p
]-amb t`mK-ab cq]-am-Ip-¶p. C\n ip¢-]-£-¯nse ]Xn- þ AJne Poh-Pm-e-§-fp-tSbpw Blm-c-cq-]a - mb A¶w
\©p Znh-k-§Ä D¯-cmw-K-am-Wv. CXp-Xs¶ {]mW-\m-Ip- Xs ¶ {] Pm- ] - X n - b m- I p- ¶ p. F ´ p- s Im- s ­ - ¶ mÂ
¶p. FÃm-¯n\pw Poh³{]-Zm\w sN¿p¶ ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ CXnÂ\n¶pw hocy-ap-­m-Ip-Ibpw B hocy-¯nÂ\n¶pw
kÀÆm-´-cy-an-bmb Ejn-bm-bn-c n-¡ p-¶ pthm AXm-b Xv kakvX Pohn-Ifpw DÛ-hn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. C¡m-c-W-
bmsXmcp¯³ cbn Øm\ob t`mK-hk - vXp-¡-fnÂ\n¶pw ¯m Cu A¶- t¯bpw {]Pm-]-Xn-sb¶p KWn-¡p-¶p.
hnc-à-\m-bn«v {]mW-Øm-\ob kÀÆmß cq]-amb ]c-{_-
Òs¯ B{K- ln- ¡p- ¶pthm Ah³ Xsâ kakvX ip`- IÀ½- kw_Ôw þ C\n t\cs¯ ]d-ªn-«pÅ c­p {]Im-c-§-
§sf ip¢-]-£-¯n A\p-jT v n-¡p¶p; AXm-bXv ip¢-]- fn-ep-apÅ km[-I·
- m-scbpw tbmPn¸n¡p¶ {]tXyIw
{]tXyIw ^e-§sf hÀ®n-¡p¶p þ
£- Øm-\o-b-\mb {]mWm-[mc ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-ta-iz-c -\mbn
AÀ¸Ww sN¿p-¶p. kzbw AXnsâ bmsXm-cp-^-ehpw 15. XtZy l ssh XXv{]-Pm-]-Xn-{hXw cN´n tX
CÑn-¡p-¶n-Ã. Ch-bnÂ\n¶pw hn`n-¶-ambn t`mKm-k-à-cm- anYp-\-ap-Xv]m-Z-b-t´. tXjm-ta-sshj {_Ò-tem-tIm-
bn-«p-Å-hÀ IrjvW-]£¯n AXm-bXv IrjvW]£ tbjmw Xt]m {_Ò-Ncyw tbjp kXyw {]Xn-jvTn-
Øm\o-b-amb Øqe-]-ZmÀ°-§-fpsS {]m]vXn-¡p-th­n Xw.
FÃm-hn[ IÀ½-§fpw A\p-jT v n-¡p-¶p.
bmsXm-cp-¯³ k´m-t\m¸¯n cq]-amb {]Pm-
13. Atlm-cmt{Xm ssh {]Pm-]-Xn-kvXk
- ym-l -tch ]XnbpsS {hXw A\p-jT v n-¡p-¶pthm AXm-bXv kzÀ¤m-Zn-
{]mtWm cm{Xn-tch cbnx {]mWw hm GtX {]kv¡- tem-I-§-fnse t`mK- {]m- Xn- ¡p- th­n imkv{X-hn-ln-X- §-fmb
µ-´ntb Znhm cXym kwbp-Pyt´ {_Ò-N-cy-tah IÀ½-§sf BN-cn-¨p-sIm­v \nb-am-\p-krXw kv{XokwKw
XZzm-{Zm{Xu cXym kwPy-t´. apX-emb t`mK-§sf D]-t`m-Kn-¡p-¶p-hthm Ah³ ]p{X-
·mtcbpw ]p{Xn-I-tfbpw Dev]m-Zn-¸n¨p {]P-Isf hÀ²n-¸n-
Cu a{´-¯n cm{Xn-bp-tSbpw ]I-en-tâbpw cq]-amb
¡p-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯ ³ CXnÂ\n¶pw `n¶-\m-bn-cn-¡p-
Ccp-]- ¯n- \mep aWn-¡qÀ Ime- cq- ]-¯n ]c-ta-iz-csâ cq]-
¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯-\n {_Ò-N-cyhpw X]Êpw \nd-ªn-
I-ev]\ \S-¯n-bn«v Poh-t\m-]-tbm-Kn-bmb IÀ½-§-fpsS
cn-¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯sâ PohnXw kXy-a-bhpw XYm
clkyw {Kln-¸-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. Cu cmhpw ]Iepw IqSn-t¨-cp-
kXy-kz-cq-]-\mb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ Xsâ lrZ-b-¯n \nXy
¶Xp ]c-ta-iz-csâ ]qÀ®-cq-]-sa-¶mWp `mhw. Znhkw
hpw ØnX- \mbn I­p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶pthm Ah-\p-am{Xw
AJn-e-¯n\pw Poh³ {]Zm-\w-sN-¿p¶ At±-l-¯nsâ B {_Ò-temIw (]-c- a-]-Zw, ]c-a- K-Xn) e`n-¡p¶p; aämÀ¡pw
{]Im-i-ab hnip-²-cq-]hpw cm{Xn t`mK-cq-]-amb cbnbpw e`n- ¡p-¶n-Ã.
BIp-¶p. AXp-Im-cWw bmsXm-cp-¯³ ]IÂk-abw
kv{XokwKw sN¿p-¶ pthm AXm-b Xv ]c-a m-ß m-hnsâ 16. tXjm-aku hnctPm {_Ò-temtIm \ tbjp
hnip² kzcq-]s¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ CÑ-tbmSp IqSn PnÒ-a-\rXw \ ambm tNXn.
{]Im-i-a-b-amb amÀ¤-¯n¡qSn Nen-¡p-hm³ Bcw-`n- bmsXm-cp-¯-\n IpSn-eX eh-teiw t]mep-an-Ãm-Xn-cn-
¨n«pw kv{XokwKw apX-emb t`mK-hn-em-k-§-fn Bk-à- ¡p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯³ kz]v\-¯nÂt]mepw anYym-`m-
\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ Xsâ e£y-¯n-se-¯msX Cu jWw sN¿m-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw Ak-Xy-a-b-amb BN-c-W-§-
Aaqey Pohn-X t¯ hyÀ°-ambn \jvS-s ¸-S p-¯p-¶p. fn \n¶v AI-¶p-\n¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm bmsXm-cp-
CXnÂ\n¶pw `n¶-ambn bmsXm-cp-¯³ kmwkm-cn-Ia - mb ¯-\n cmK-tZz-jm-Zn-hn-Imc§Ä kÀÆYm CÃm-Xn-cn-¡p-
D¶Xn B{K-ln- ¡p-¶pthm AhÀ imkv{X \nb-aa\pk- cn¨v ¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯³ FÃm-{]-Im-c-¯n-ep-apÅ h©-\,
EXp- I m- e - ¯ n cm{Xn- k - a bw \nb- a m- \ p- k r- X - a mbn Im]Syw XpS§nb-h-bn \n¶p cln-X-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm
kv{XokwKw \S-¯p¶p F¦n Ah³ imkv{X-¯nsâ Ah-\p-am{Xw B hnIm-c-c-ln-X-amb {_Ò-temIw e`n-¡p-
BÚ-IÄ ]men-¡p-¶-Xp-sIm­v {_Ò-Nm-cn¡p Xpey-\m- ¶p. CXn\p hn]-co-X-amb e£-W-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-hÀ¡v
bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Cu a{´-¯n Krl-Ø-·mÀ Hcn-¡epw AXp e`n-¡p-¶n-Ã.

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I ZznXo-b -{]iv\w 4. tkm`nam- \ -ZqÀ[z-a p-X v{I-aX Ch Xkvan-¶ pXv K

{Ima-Xy-tY-Xtc kÀh Gthm-Xv{Im-at´ XkvanwÝ
1. AY ssl\w `mÀ¤thm sshZÀ`nx ]{]-Ñ. `K-
{]Xn-j vT-a mt\ kÀÆ Gh {]mXn-jvT-t´. XZyYm
h³ ItXyh tZhmx {]Pmw hn[m-c -b t´ IXc
a£nIm a[p-I-c-cm-Pm-\-ap-Xv{Im-a´w kÀhm Gthm-
GXXv {]Im-i-bt´ Ix ]p\-tcjmw hcnjvT CXn.
Xv{Im-a´ Xkva nwÝ {]Xn-jvT -amt\ kÀhm Gh
Cu a{´-¯n `mÀ¤-h-a-lÀjn ]n¸-em-Zt- \mSv aq¶p {]mXn-jvT´ Ghw hmMva-\-Ý£px t{im{Xw N tX
kwK-Xn-IÄ tNmZn-¡p-¶p. 1. Poho-I-fpsS ico-cs¯ hln- {]oXmx {]mWw kvXp\z-´n.
¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶Xv BsI F{X tZh-X-I-fmWv? 2. Ah-
At¸mÄ Ahsc Xsâ {]`mhw ImWn¨v HXp-¡p-¶-Xn-
bn GsXÃmw CXns\ {]Im-in-¸n-¡p¶p? 3. ChcnÂ
\p- th­n kÀÆ- t{i- jvT-\mb {]mW³ A`n- am-\-¯n\p apdnhp
AXy´w t{ijvT-\m-bn-«p-ÅXv Bcv?
X«n-b-Xp-sIm­v cpjvS-\mbn ico-c-¯n \n¶pw shfn-bnÂ
2. Xkv s sa k tlmhm-N m- I mtim l hm Gj t]mIp-¶-Xn\p apIfnte-bv¡p-b-cp-hm³ XpS-§n. FÃm-tZ-h-
tZthm hmbp-c -á n-c m]x ]rYznho hmMva -\-Ý£px X-Ifpw hnh-i-cmbn {]mW-t\m-sSm¯p she-bn-te¡v Cd-
t{im{Xw N, tX {]Im-iy-`n-h-Z´n hb-ta-XZ- v_m-W- §p- hm-\m-cw- `n-¨p. H¶n\pw Ønc- ambn \ne- \n-ev¡p-hm³ Ign-
a-hjvS`y hn[m-c-bmax. ªn-Ã. {]mW³ kzØm-\¯v Ønc-ambn \n¶-t¸mÄ aäp-
C{]-Im-c-apÅ `mÀ¤-hsâ tNmZy-¯n\p alÀjn-]n-¸-em- Å-hÀ¡pw Ønc-ambn \n¡p-hm³ Ign-ªp. tX\o-¨-I-
Z³ adp-]Sn ]d-ªp. ChnsS c­p {]iv\§-fpsS D¯cw fpsS cmÚn kzØm\w hn«p ]d- ¶p-t]m- Ipt¼mÄ aäp tX\o-
H¶m-bn-sIm-Sp-¡p-¶p. At±lw ]dªpx AJn-e-¯n-tâbpw ¨Ifpw ]d¶p t]mIp-Ibpw Xncn¨p h¶n-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ aäp-
B[mcw BIm-i-cq-]-am-I¶ tZh-\m-Wv. AXnÂ\n¶pw Å- h bpw h¶n- c n- ¡ p- I bpw sN¿p-¶ -X p-t]m-s e-b pÅ
DXv`hn¨ hmbp, Aán, Pew, ]rYzn Cu \mep alm-`q-X- AhØ Cu tZh-X-IÄ¡pw kw`-hn-¨p. CXp-I­p hmWn,
§fpw ico-cs¯ hln-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu Øqe-i- N£pÊv, t{im{Xw BZn-bmb FÃm C{µn-b-§Ä¡pw a\Êv
cocw Ch-bnÂ\n-¶p-­m-bn-«p-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m ChÀ apX-emb A´x-I-c-W-§Ä¡pw X§- fn Gähpw t{ijvT³
[mc-I-tZ- h-X-I- fm-bn- cn-¡p-¶p. hmWn apX-emb A©p-IÀt½- {]mW-\m-sW¶p hnizmkw h¶p. AXn-\m Ah-scÃmw
{µn-b-§fpw t\{Xw, t{im{Xw BZn-bmb A©p Úmt\- {]k-¶-cmbn hnhn-[-co-Xn-If - n {]mWs\ kvXpXn-¡p-hm³
{µn-b-§fpw AXp-t]mse a\Êv XpS-§n-bmb \me-´x-Ic - - XpS- § n.
W-§fpw þ Cu ]Xn-\mep tZh-X-IÄ ico-cs¯ {]Im-in-¸n- kw_Ôw þ {]mW-s\- ¯s¶ ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta- iz- csâ kzcq-
¡p-¶-h-cm-Ip-¶p. Cu tZh-X-IÄ ico-cs¯ hln-¡p-Ibpw ]-sa¶p IcpXn D]m-kn-¡p-¶-Xn\v AXnsâ kÀÆmß cq]-
{]Im-in-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. CXp-sIm­v ChÀ [mc-I- t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb al-Xzs¯ hnh-cn-¡p-¶p.
·mcpw {]Im-i-I-·m-cp-amb tZh-XIÄ F¶p hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-
5 . G tj m Kv\ n k vX ] - t X yj k qc y G j
¶p. ChÀ Cu tZls¯ {]Im-in-¸n-¨p-sIm­v ]c-k] v cw
Ie-ln-¡p-I-bpw. ""\mw Cu ico-c¯ - n\v B{ibw \ÂIn
]ÀÖt\ym aL-hm-t\jp hmbpx
\ne-\nÀ¯p¶p'' F¶v Al-¦m-c-]qÀÆw ]c-kv]cw ]d-bp- Gj ]rYzn-h-c-bnÀt±hx kZ-k-¨m-arXw N bXv.
Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. hmWn apX-emb FÃm tZh-XIfpw kvXpXn-¨p-sIm­p
3. Xm³h-cnjvTx {]mW Dhm-N. am taml-am-]-ZyYm ]dªp þ Cu {]mW³Xs¶ Aán-cq]w [cn¨p Pzen-¡p-
lta-ssh-X -Xv ]-©[mßm\w {]hn-` -s sPy-X-Zv_ m- ¶p. CXp-Xs¶ kqcy-\m-Ip-¶p. CXp-Xs¶ taLhpw; CXp-
W-a-hjvS`y hn[m-c-bm-aoXn tX{i±[m\m _`phpx Xs¶ C{µ\pw hmbphpw; CXp-Xs¶ tZh\pw ]rYznbpw
cbnbpw (`q-X -k-ap-Zm-bw) BIp-¶p. AXp-t]m-se-Xs¶
C{]- Imcw k¼qÀ® alm-`q- X- §Ä, C{µn- b-§fpw A´x- k¯pw Ak¯pw BIp-¶p. Ch-sb-Ãm-¯nepw t{ijvT-
I-c-W-cq-]h- p-amb tZh-X-IÄ ]c-kv]cw hmZ-{]-Xn-hmZw \S- \mb Aa-c-kz-cq-]³ ]c-am-ßmhpw Cu {]mW³X-s¶-bm-
¯n-b -t¸mÄ, kÀÆ-t{i-jvT -\ mb {]mW³ Ah-tcmSp Ip-¶p.
]dªp þ ""\n§Ä Adn-hn-Ãm- ¯- h- tc- t¸mse C{]-Imcw hmZ-
{]- Xn-hmZw \S-¯m-Xn- cn-¡q. \n§Ä Bcnepw Cu ico- cs¯ 6. Acm Ch cY-\m`u {]mtW kÀhw {]Xn-jvTnXw!
hln-¡p-¶-Xnt\m kpc-£n-X-ambn \ne \nÀ¯p-¶-Xnt\m EtNm bPpwjn kmam\n bÚx-£{Xw {_Ò N.
DÅ iàn-bn-Ã. Rm³ Fs¶¯s¶ ({]m-W³, A]m-\³,
F{]-Imcw cY-N-{I-¯nsâ IpS-¯n LSn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p¶
kam-\³, hym\³, DZm-\³) A©mbn hn`-Pn¨v B{ibw
Imep-IÄ B IpS-s¯-¯s¶ B{i-bn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶pthm
\ÂIn CXns\ hln-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶p; F¶m¯s¶
A{]-Imcw Xs¶ EtKz- Zw, bPpÀthZw Ch- bnse FÃm a{´-
CXv kpc-£n-X -ambn \ne-\n¡p-¶p.'' {]mWsâ Cu
§fpw kma-thZw apgp-h\pw Ah hgn-bmbn \S-¯-s¸-Sp¶
hm¡pIÄ tI«n«v B tZh-X-IÄ AXp hniz-kn-¨n-Ã. AhÀ
bÚmZn ip`-IÀ½- §fpw B IÀ½-§Ä \S-¯p¶ {_mÒ-
Ahn-izm-knIfmbn-¯s¶ Ign-ªp.
WÀ, £{Xn-bÀ apX-emb A[n-Im-cn-hÀ¤-§fpw Ch-sbÃmw

N P

I {]mWsâ B[m-c-¯n Dd-¨p-\n¡p-¶p. FÃm-¯n-tâbpw
B{ibw {]mW³X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ C{]-Imcw {]mWsâ alXzw ]d-ªn«v C\n
AXns\ kvXpXn-¡p¶p þ
7. {]Pm-]-Xn-Ýc
- kn KÀt` Xztah {]Xn-Pm-b-tk.
Xp`yw {]mW {]Pm-kvXznam _enw lc´n bx
{]mssWx {]Xn-Xn-jvTkn
tl {]mW³, \o Xs¶ {]Pm-]Xn (Po-hn-I-fpsS Cuiz-
c³) BIp-¶p. KÀ`-¯n {]th-in¨v amXm-]n-Xm-¡Ä¡-\p-
cq-]-amb k´m-\-cq-]-¯n P·-sa-Sp-¡p-¶Xpw \o Xs¶.
FÃm Pohn- Ifpw \n\-¡p- Xs¶ ImgvN-k- aÀ¸n-¡p-¶p. \nsâ
Xr]vXn-¡p-th-­n-¯s¶ `£Ww Ign-¡p¶p F¶p `mhn- 12. bm tX X\qÀhmNn {]Xn-jvTnXm bm
¡p-¶p. \oXs¶ A]m-\mZn FÃm {]mWn-I-tfmSpw IqSn
FÃm-h-c p-tSbpw ico-c -¯n ØnXn-sN-bvXp-sIm-­n-cn-
¡p-¶p.
8. tZhm-\m-akn hÓn-Xax ]nXrWmw {]Y-am-kz-[m.
EjoWmw NcnXw kXy-a-YÀÆmMvKnc-km-a-kn.
tl {]mW³, tZhIÄ¡pth­n lhnÊv F¯n-¨p-sIm-
Sp-¡ p¶ D¯-a-amb Aán \o Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶ p. ]nXr-
¡Ä¡pÅ BZy- {im- ²hpw \oX-s¶. AYÀÆmw- Kn-cÊp apX-
emb alÀjn-am-cm BN-cn-X-amb kXyhpw \oX-s¶-bm-
Ip-¶p.
9. C{µkvXzw {]mW tXPkm cpt{Zmkn
]cn-c-£ nXm
Xza-´-cnt£ Nckn kqcykvXzw
tPymXn-jmw-] -X n.
tl {]mW³! \o FÃm hn[-¯n-epapÅ tXP-tÊm-Sp-Iq-
Snb (i-àn) {XntemI kzman-bmb C{µ-\m-Ip-¶p. \o Xs¶
{]f-b-Im-e-¯n FÃmänt\bpw kwl-cn-¡p¶ cp{Z\pw
FÃm-än- t\bpw bYm-tbmKyw kwc-£n-¡p-¶-h\pw BIp-¶p.
A´-co-£ -¯n hnl-cn-¡p¶ hmbphpw AXp-t]mse
Aán, N{µ³, \£-{X-§Ä apX-emb tPymXnÀK-W-§-fpsS
kzman-bmb kqcy\pw \oX- s¶-bm-Ip-¶p.
10. bZm Xza-`n-hÀjkytYamx {]mW tX {]Pmx
B\-µ -cq-]m-kvXn-j vT´n Imam-bm- ¶w-`-hn-jy-Xo-Xn.
tl {]mW³! \o taL-cq-]-ambn ]rYzn-bn FÃm-bn-
S¯pw ag-s]-¿n-¡p- t¼mÄ \nsâ Cu {]P-I- sfÃmw ""\½psS
Pohn-X-\nÀÆ-l-W-¯n\p [mcmfw [m\yw Dev]¶ - -amIpw''
F¶pÅ Bi-bn B\µ \na-á-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
11. {hmXykvXzw {]mssW-IÀjn-c¯m
hnizky kXv]Xnx
hb-am-Zyky ZmXm-cx-]n-XmXzw amX-cniz \x
N P
181
tl {]mW³! kwkv¡m-c-c-ln-X- \m-bn-cp-¶n«pw kÀÆ-t{i- K
jvS-\mb Ejn-bm-Ip-¶p. \o kzm`m-hn-I-ambn ip²³ Xs¶.
AXn-\m \n\¡pw kwkv¡m-cw-h-gn-bm-bpÅ ip²n-bpsS
Bh-iyta CÃ. {]XypX \o Xs¶ AJn- e-t¯bpw ]hn-{Xo-
I-cn- ¡p¶ GI- am-{X\pw kÀÆ- t{i- jvT- \p- amb alÀjn F¶p
Xm¸-cyw. R§Ä (FÃm C{µn-b-§Ä a\Êv XpS-§n-b-h)
\n\-¡m-bn-s¡m­v \m\m-{]-Im-c-¯n-epÅ t`mPy-]-ZmÀ°-
§Ä AÀ¸Ww sN¿p-¶-hcpw \o Ahsb `pPn-¡p-¶-h\pw
BIp-¶p. \o Xs¶ AJne {_Òm-WU v -¯n-tâbpw D¯-a-
\mb kzman. BIm-i-Nm-cnbpw ka-jvSn-hm-bp-hk - z-cq-]-\p-
amb {]mW³, \o R§-fpsS ]nXm- hm- Ip- ¶p. F´p-sIm-s­-
¶m \n¶nÂ\n-¶p-Xs¶ R§-sfÃmw DÛ-hn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
t{imt{X bm N N£pjn
bm N a\kn k´Xm inhmw Xmw
Ipcp tamXv{Iaox
tl {]mW³! \nsâ bmsXmcp kzcq]w hmWn, t{im{Xw,
N£pÊv apX-emb ka-kvtX-{µnb§fnepw a\Êv apX-emb
A´x-I-c-W-§-fpsS hr¯n-I-fnepw hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶pthm
AXns\ \o awK-f-a-b-am-¡n-¯oÀt¡-W-ta. AXm-bXv \n¶n-
 bmsXm¶v R§Ä¡p {i²m-e p-¡-fm-bn-cn-¡ p-h m³
Bthiw \ÂIntbm AXns\ \o im´- am-¡n-bm-epw. \o
ico-c¯
- n \n¶pw DbÀ¶p shfn-bn t]mIm-Xn-cn-¡q.
CXp R§-fpsS {]mÀ°-\-bm-Ip-¶p.
13. {]mW-tkyZw hti kÀhw {XnZnth
bXv{]-Xn-j vTnXw
amtXh ]p{Xm³ c£kz {ioÝ {]Úmw
N hnt[ ln \ CXn.
F{Xtbm hkvXp- ¡Ä kzÀ¤- ¯nepw `qan- bnepw kv]jvS-
ambn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. Ah-sb-Ãmw-Xs¶ Cu Pohn-IÄ¡-
[o- \-am-bn- cn-¡p-¶p. CsXÃmw Nn´n¨v C{µmZn tZh- ·mÀ Ah-
km\w {]mW-t\mSp {]mÀ°n-¡p¶p þ ""tl {]mW³, Hcp
amXmhp Xsâ Ipªns\ F{]-Imcw kwc-£n-¡p¶pthm
AtX-{]-Imcw \o R§sf c£n-¡p-Ibpw R§Ä¡v
sFiz-cyhpw Im´nbpw AXm-bXv {]hÀ¯-\-i-ànbpw
Úm\hpw {]Zm\w sN¿p-Ibpw sN¿-tW.
C{]-Imcw Cu {]I-c-W-¯n `mÀ¤h alÀjn-bpsS
aq¶p tNmZy-§ Ä¡pw adp-] -Sn-b mbn ]n¸-em-Z-a-lÀjn
kakvX Pohn-IÄ¡pw ico-c-§Ä¡pw kzmØyw \ÂIn
B´-c-ambpw _mly-ambpw \ne-\nÀ¯p-¶Xv BIm-i-X-Xz-
am-Ip¶p F¶ Imcyw Ahsc {Kln-¸n- ¨p. AtXm-Sp- IqSn ico-
cm-hbh§sf ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-¡p-¶Xp hmbp, Aán, Pew,
`qan F¶n-§s\ \mep XXz-§- fm-Ip-¶p. ]¯v C{µn- b-§fpw
A´x- I - c -W hpw Cu XXz- § Ä¡v {]Imiw \ÂIn
{]hÀ¯\ kÖ-am- ¡p-¶- h-bm- W.v Ch-bn-seÃmw t{ijvSb-
am-bn-«p-ÅXp {]mW³ BIp- ¶p. AXn-\m {]mW³ Xs¶
 182

I hmkvX-h¯
- n Cu ico-cs¯ hln-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. {]mW³ ]c-am-ßm-hn \n¶pw DÛ-hn-¨n-«p-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p. B K
{]mW- s\- ¡q- SmsX Cu ico-cs¯ hln-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ iàn ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c³Xs¶ D]m-Zm-\-Im-c-Whpw Ah³
asäm-¶n\pw Xs¶-bn-Ã. asäÃm C{µn-bm-Zn-I-fnepw CXnsâ Xs¶ CXnsâ cN-bn-Xmhpw BIp-¶p. AXn-\m CXnsâ
Xs¶ iàn A\p-kyqXw {]h-ln-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. ØnXn B alm-ßm-hmb ]c-ta-iz-c\v A[o-\-am-Ip-¶p. a\p-
CXnsâ Xs¶ iàn e`n-¨n«v Ah ico-cs¯ hln-¨p-sIm- jysâ Omb Ah-¶-[o-\-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-se-X-s¶- bm-
­n-cn-¡p-¶ p. Wn-Xv. CXm-Ip¶p BZys¯ {]iv\¯nsâ D¯-cw. C\n
c­m-as¯ tNmZy-¯nsâ D¯cw þ a\-Êp-hgn kw`-hn-
¡p¶ k¦-e] v -¯nÂ\n¶pw {]mW³ ico-c-¯n {]th-in-
XrXo- b -{]iv\ w ¡p-¶p. acn-¡p¶ kabw Pohn-I-fpsS a\-Ên AXnsâ
1. AY ssl\w Iuk-eyÝmizem-b\x ]{]Ñ `K- IÀ½-a-\p-k-cn-¨pÅ Fs´Ãmw k¦-ev]-§-fpt­m Ah\v
h³ IpX Gj {]mtWm PmbtX IY- am- b m-X y- A§-s \-X -s ¶-b pÅ icocw e`n-¡ p-¶ p. AXn-\ mÂ
kvan³ icoc Bßm\w hm {]hn-`Py IYw {]mXn- {]mWsâ ico-c¯ - n-te-¡pÅ {]th-i\w a\-Ênsâ k¦-
jvTtX tIt\m-Xv{I-atX IYw _mly-a-`n-[t¯ IY- ev] - ¯ nÂ\n- ¶ p- ­ m-Ip-¶p.
a-²ym-ß -an-X n. kw_Ôw þ C\n Biz-em-b-\sâ aq¶m-as¯ tNmZy-¯n-
Cu a{´- ¯n Biz- em-b\ ap\n ]n¸-em-Z-a-lÀjn- tbmSv \pÅ adp-]Sn Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p.
BsI Bdp kwK-Xn-IÄ tNmZn-¡p-¶p. 4. bYm k{am-tU-hm-[n-Ir-Xm³
1. A§p hÀ®n¨ {]mW³ BcnÂ\n¶pw DÛ- hn¨p? 2. AXv \nbpMvtà GXm³ {Kmam-t\-Xm³{Km-am-\-[nþ
Cu a\p-jy-i-co-c-¯n F§s\ {]th-in-¡p¶p? 3. X¶- XnjvT-tkz-tXy-h-ta-sshj {]mW CXcm
¯ms\ hn`-Pn-¡-s¸«v F{]-Imcw ico-c-¯n ØnXn-sN- {]mWm³ ]rYIv ]rY-tKh k¶n-[-t¯.
¿p¶p? 4. Hcp ico-cs¯ Dt]-£n-¨n«p asämcp ico-c-¯n-
te¡p t]mIp¶ kabw BZy-ic - o-c-¯n \n¶pw F{]- ChnsS alÀjn DZm-l-c-W-k-lnXw aq¶m-as¯ {]iv\-
Imcw ]pd- s¸-Sp¶p? 5. Cu _mly (]m©`uXn- I) PK- ¯ns\ ¯n\p adp-]Sn ]d-bp¶p þ F{]-Imcw `qa-WvU-e-¯nsâ
F{]-Imcw hln-¡p¶p? 6. a\Êv C{µn-b§ - Ä, apX-em-bh N{I-hÀ¯n-amÀ {Kma- §Ä¡pw \K-c-§Ä¡pw P\-] -Z-
B²ymßn (B-´-cn-I) PK-¯ns\ F{]-Imcw hln-¡p¶p? §Ä¡pw {]tXyIw {]tXy-Ia - mbn A[n-Im-cn-Isf \nb-an-
ChnsS {]mWsâ hnj-b¯ - nÂ, BZyw sImSp¯ adp-]-Sn- ¡p-¶pthm Ah-bpsS A[n-Im-c-§Ä hoXn-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡p-
bn hcm¯ D¯-c-§-fpsS tNmZy-§-fmWp tNmZn-¨n-cn-¡p- ¶pthm AtX-{ ]-I m-c w-X s¶ Cu kÀÆ-t {i-j vT -\ mb
¶- Xv. AhÀ BZys¯ D¯c§Ä tI«p {]k-¶- cm-bn-cp-¶p. {]mW\pw kz´w AwK-cq-]-amb A]m-\³, hym\³ apX-
AXn-\m tNmtZym- ¯-c-th- f-bn kptI-imZn Bdp alÀjn- emb aäp {]mW-\p-Isf ico-c-¯nsâ {]tXyIw {]tXyIw
amcpw H¶n-¨n-cp-¶n-cp¶p F¶p kv]jvS-am-Ip-¶p. `mK-§-fn {]tXyIw {]tXyIw Imcy-§Ä¡mbn \ntbm-
Kn- ¡p-¶ p.
2. Xkvssa k tlmhm-Nm-Xn-{]-iv\m³ ]rÑkn
kw_Ôw þ C\n apJy-{]m-W³, A]m-\³, kam-\³ Ch
{_ÒnjvtTmkoXn Xkvat¯lw {_ho-an.
aq¶n-sâbpw hmk-Øm- \hpw {]hr-¯n- Ifpw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p.
Cu a{´-¯n ]n¸-emZ alÀjn Biz-em-b-\sâ
5. ]mbq- ] tØ]m\w N£px- t {imt{X apJ-\ m-
tNmZyw ITn-\-am-sW¶p ]dbp-Ibpw At±-l-¯nsâ _p²n-
knIm`ymw {]mWx kzbw {]mXn-jvTtX at[y Xp
a-¯-tbbpw XÀ¡-io-e-t¯bpw {]iw-kn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-
kam-\x. Gj tlyX-²p-X-a¶w kaw \bXn Xkvam-
¶p. AtXm-Sp-IqSn ""\o tNmZn¨ coXn I­n«v AXn\p adp-
tZXmx k]vXmÀ¨ntjm `h-´n.
]Sn Xtc-­-bm-hi - y-hp-an-Ã. F¶m \o XÀ¡ _p²n-tbm-
Sp-Iq-Sn-bà tNmZn-¨s - X¶p Rm³ a\-Ên-em-¡ p-¶p. \o CXp kzbw apJ¯pw \mkm-Zzm-c¯ - nepw IqSn k©-
{i²mephpw thZ-§-fn \njvWm-X\pw BIp-¶p. AXn- cn¨v t\{X-§-fnepw t{im{X-§-fnepw ØnXn-sN-¿p-Ibpw
\m Rm³ \nsâ tNmZy-§Ä¡p adp-]Sn ]d-bmw.'' F¶ AXp-t]mse KpZ-¯nepw D]-Ø-¯nepw A]m- \s\ Øm]n-
`mhhpw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶p. ¡p-Ibpw sN¿p- ¶p. AXnsâ tPmen-IÄ ae-aq-{X-§sf ico-
c-¯nÂ\n¶pw ]pd-t¯-bv¡pXÅpIbpw cP-Êv, hocyw,
3. Bß\ Gj {]mtWm PmbtX bssYjm
KÀ`w Chsb shfn- bn-tebv¡p XÅn-hn-Sp-Ib- p-am-Wv. ico-
]pcptj Omssb-X-kvan-t¶-XZ- m-XXw at\m-Ir-tX-\m-
c-¯nsâ a[y-`m-K-¯v, \m`n-bnÂ, kam-\s\ Øm]n-¡p-¶p.
bm-Xy-kvan³ ico-tc.
Cu kam-\-hm-bp-hn-s\-¯s¶ {]mW-cq-]-am-Ip¶ Aán-
ChnsS alÀjn ]n¸-em- Z³ Biz-em- b- \sâ c­p tNmZy- bn lh\w sNbvXp- sIm­v DZ- c- ¯n h¶p hogp¶ A¶-
§Ä¡p {Ia-{]-Imcw adp-]Sn ]d-bp-¶p. bmsXm-¶nsâ {]I- s¯, AXm-bXp kmcmw-is¯ ico-c-¯nsâ FÃm AwK-
cWw \S-¶p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶pthm B kÀÆ-t{i-jSv -\mb {]-Xyw-K-§-fn bYm-tbmKyw ka-`m-h¯- n F¯n-¨p-sIm-

N P
 183

I Sp-¡p-¶p. B A¶-¯nsâ kmc-`q-X-amb ck-¯n \n¶pw (Hcp ico-c-¯nÂ\n¶pw ]pd-s¸«v apJy {]mW³ DZm-\- K
Xs¶ Cu ico- c-¯n Ggp Pzme- IÄ AXm- bXv FÃm hnj- t\bpw Iq«n AXp- hgn aäp ico- c-¯n-tebv¡p t]mIpt¼mÄ
b-§-tfbpw {]Im-in-¸n-¡p¶ c­p t\{X-§Ä. c­p sNhn- Xsâ AwK-`q-X-amb kam-\mZn {]mW-§-tfbpw C{µn-bw,
IÄ, c­p \mkm-Zzm-c§ - -Ä, Hcp apJw (c-k-\) Cu Ggp a\Êv Ch-tbbpw Iq«n-s¡m-­p-t]m-Ip-¶p. Ch-sb-Ãm-¯n-
Zzmc-§Ä D¸-¶-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. B ck-¯n \n¶pw tâbpw kzman-bmb Pohm- ßmhpw AXn-t\m- Sp- Iq- Sn- t¸m-Ip-¶p.
]pjvSn {]m]n-¨n«v Ch Xm´m- §- fpsS {]hr-¯n-IÂ kaÀ°- Cu Imcyw ChnsS ]d-tb-­-Xp-­v.)
ambn sN¿p-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ C\n c­p a{´-§-fn-embn Bizemb\sâ
kw_Ôw þ C\n hym\sâ KXn hÀ®n-¡p¶p þ A©pw Bdpw tNmZy-§-fpsS D¯cw sImSp-¯p-sIm­v
Pohm-ß mhp {]mtW-{µn-b -§-tfm-S p-I qSnb Hcp ico-c -
6. l rZn tl yj B ßm A ss {X - X - t Z- I - i X w
¯nÂ\n¶pw asämcp ico-c-¯n-te¡p t]mIp-¶Xp kw_-
\mUo\mw Xmkmw iXw iX-ta-ssI-Ikymw Zzmk-
Ô- amb Imcyw kv]jvS-am-¡p-¶p.
]vX -XnÀZzm-k-]vXXnx {]Xn-i m-Jm-\m-Uo-k-l-{kmWn
`h-´ymkp hym\-Ý -c-Xn. 8. BZntXym l ssh _mlyx {]mW DZ-tXyj tly
\w Nm£pjw {]mW-a-\p-{K-lvWm\x ]rYznhyw bm
Cu ico-c¯ - n Po-hm-ßm-hnsâ \nhmk Øm\-amb
tZh Xmsskjm ]pcp,-kym-]m-\a
- -h-jvS-`ym-´cm bZm-
lrZ-b-¯n Hcp-\qdp {][m\ \mUn-Ifpw Ah-bn Hmtcm
Imix k kamt\m hmbÀhym-\x.
\mUn-IÄ¡pw \qdp-hoXw imJm \mUn-Ifpw Ah-bnÂ
Hmtcm \mUn-IÄ¡pw \qdphoXw imJm \mUn-Ifpw D­v. kqcy³ Xs¶ FÃm-¯ n- tâbpw _mly- {]m- W ³
Cu Hmtcm imJm-\m-Un¡pw Fgp-]-¯o-cm-bncw {]Xn-imJm BIp¶p F¶v ]qÀ®-ambn {Kln-¡-Ww. Cu apJy-{]m-W³
\mUn-Ifpw D­v. C{]-Imcw ico-c-¯n BsI Fgp-]-¯n- kqcy-cq-]-¯n DZn¨v ico-c-¯nsâ AwK-{]-Xyw-K-§sf
c- ­p-tImSn \mUn-I-fp-Å- Xn FÃmw Cu hym\-hmbp k©- ]pjvSn-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw t\t{X-{µn-b§ - sf A\p-{K-ln-¡p-
cn- ¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶ p. Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AXn\v ImgvNi - àn AYhm {]Imiw
\ÂIp-¶p. ]rYzn-bnepÅ tZhX AXm-bXv A]m\ hmbp-
kw_Ôw þ C\n DZm-\-hm-bp-hnsâ Øm\hpw {]hÀ¯-
hnsâ iàn AXv a\p-jy-cpsS DÅn hkn-¡p¶ A]m-\-
\-§fpw ]d-bp-¶-tXm-Sp-IqSn Biz-em-b-\³sd \mem-as¯
hm-bp-hn\v B{ibw \ÂIp-¶p. Cu A]m-\-hm-bp-hnsâ
tNmZy¯nsâ D¯-chpw \ÂI-s¸-Sp¶p þ
iàn KpZpw, Kp]vt\-{µn-b-§Ä Chsb klm-bn-¡p-Ibpw
7. AssY- I - tbmÀ[z DZzm\x ]ptWy\ ]pWyw Ch-bpsS _mly-amb kvYqem-Im-cs¯ hln-¡p-Ibpw
temIw \bXn ]mt]\ ]m]-ap-`m-Pym-tah a\p-jy- sN¿p-¶p. kzÀ¤-¯n\pw `qan¡pw CS-¡pÅ BImiw
tem-Iw. Xs¶ kam-\-hm-bp-hnsâ _mly-kzcq-]-am-Ip-¶p. AXv Cu
apI-fn ]d-ªn-«pÅ Fgp-]-¯n-c-­p-tImSn \mUn-I- ico- c-¯nsâ _mly-§- fmb AwK- {]-Xyw-K-§Ä¡p hn{iaw
fn \n¶pw `n¶-ambn asämcp \mUn-Iq-Sn-bp-­v. AXns\ \ÂIn Ahsb ]c-c-£n-¡p-Ibpw ico-c-¯n-\p-Ån-epÅ
kpjpav\ F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. AXv lrZ-b-¯nÂ\n¶pw ]pd- kam-\-hm-bp-hn\v AXn k©-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\p kuIcyw
s¸«p apI-fn akv X-I-¯n-te-bv¡ p t]mIp-¶ p. AXp- sImSp-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. CXnsâ klm-b-¯m IÀ®-
hgnbmbn DZm-\-hmbp ico-c- ¯nsâ apIÄ `mK-t¯bv¡p §Ä¡p {ihn-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p. BIm-i-¯n Ncn-¨p-
k©-cn-¡p-¶p. (C-{]-Imcw Aiz-em-b-\sâ aq¶m-as¯ sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶ hmbp-Xs¶ hym\-hm-bp-hnsâ _mly-cq-]-
{]iv\¯nsâ kam-[m\w ]d-ªn«v alÀjn ]n¸-em-Z³ am-Ip-¶p. AXv Cu ico-c-¯nsâ _mly-am-bpÅ AwK-{]-
Abm-fpsS \mem-as¯ {]iv\-¯nsâ D¯cw kwt£]- Xyw-K-§sf {]hÀ¯-\-k-Ö-am-¡n-¯oÀ¡p-Ibpw im´n
am-bn-¸-d-bp-¶p.) bmsXm-cp-¯³ ]pWy-i o-e-\m-bn- cn-¡p- {]Zm\w sN¿p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p; DÅnse hym\-hm-bp-hns\
¶pthm bmsXm-cp-¯sâ k¡À½-§-fpsS ^ew A\p-`- \mUn-If - n¡qSn \bn-¡p-Ibpw XzKn-{µn-b-¯n\v kv]Ài-
hn-t¡­ ka-b- am-bn-cn-¡p- ¶pthm Ahs\ Cu DZm\ hmbp- \-Úm\w D­m-¡p-¶-Xn klm-bn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿-p¶p.
Xs¶ aäp {]mWn-I-tfmSpw C{µn-b-§-tfmSpw IqSn hÀ¯- 9. tXtPm l hm DZm-\ -kvXk - vam-Zp-]-i m-´-tXPmx
am\ ico-c¯ - nÂ\n¶pw ]pd-s¸«p ]pWy-tem-I-¯n þ ]p\À`h an{µn-ssbÀa-\kn k¼-Zy-am-ss\x.
kzÀ¤mZn D¶- X- tem-I-§-fn-tebv¡p sIm­p-t]m- Ip-¶p. ]m]-
kqcy-s âbpw Aán-bp-s Sbpw _mly-amb tXPÊv
IÀ½-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb a\p-jysc iqIc IqI-cmZn ]m]-tbm-
DjvW-Xzw, AXp-Xs¶ DZm-\-hm-bp-hnsâ _mly-kz-cq-]w.
\n-If- nepw cuc-hm-Zn-\n-c-I-§-fnepw sIm­p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw
AXp ico-c¯ - nsâ _mly-am-bpÅ AwK-{]-Xyw-K-§sf
AXp-t]mse bmsXm-cp-¯³ ]m]-]p-Wy-IÀ½-§-fpsS a{in-
XWp-¸n-¡p-hm³ A\p-hZ- n-¡p-¶n-Ã. IqSmsX ico-c-¯nsâ
X-^ ew A\p-`h - n-¡p-¶-Xn\p A`n-ap-J-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm
B´- cn-tIm-ja v m-hns\ Ønc- s¸-Sp¯n \nÀ¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-
Ahs\ a\p-jy-i-co-c-¯n-tebv¡v sIm­p-t]m-Ibpw sN
¶p. Hcp-¯sâ ico-c¯ - n \n¶pw DZm-\-hmbp amdn-¡-gn-
¿p-¶p.
ªm Ahsâ icocw NqSm-bn- cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. AXn-\m ico-

N P
 184
I c-¯n\v NqSn-Ãm-Xmbn AXn \nh-kn-¡p¶ Pohm-ßmhv a\-
Ên hneo-\-ambn C{µn-b-§sf tNÀ¯p-sIm­v DZm-\-hm-
bp-hn-t\m-Sp-IqSn aäp ico-c-¯n-te¡p amdn-t¸m-Ip-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ C\n Biz-em-b-\sâ \mem-as¯ tNmZy-
¯nse AXm-bXv {]mW³ Hcp ico-c-¯n \n¶p ]pd-s¸«v
aäp ico-c¯
- ntem temI-¯ntem {]th-in-¡p¶ Imcyw-
ho­pw kv]jvS-am-¡p-¶p.
10. b¨n-¯-kvtX-ss\j {]mW-am-bmXn {]mWkvtX
Pkm bpàx klm-ß\m bYm-k-¦-ev]nXw temIw
\b-Xn.
acn-¡p¶ kabw Cu Bßm-hn\v GsXÃmw k¦-ev]-
§-fp-­m-Ip-¶pthm AXnsâ a\Êv A´n-a-\n-an-j-¯nÂ
GXp `mh-\-IÄ Nn´n-¨n-cp-¶pthm B k¦-e] v -t¯m-Sp-Iq-
Snb a\-Êv, C{µn-b§ - sf Iq«n-s¡m­v apJy {]mW-\nÂ
ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. B apJy {]mW³ DZm-\-hm-bp-hp-am-bn-
t¨À¶v Xt¶m-sSm¯v a\Êpw C{µn-b§ - fpw H¶n-¨pÅ
Pohm- ßm- hns\ B A´na k¦-ev]-a-\p-k- cn¨v bYm-tbmKyw
`n¶ `n¶ temI§fntem AYhm tbm\n-I-fntem B\-bn-
¡p-¶p. AXn-\m Xsâ a\- Ên \nc-´cw `K- hms\ Nn´n-
¨p-sIm-­n-c n-¡p-¶Xv AXy´w DNn-X-am-bn-c n-¡pw. aäp
k¦ev]-§Ä H¶pw hcp-hm-\-\p-h-Zn-¡-cp-X.v F´p-sIm-s­-
¶m PohnXw Aev]hpw A\n-Xy-hp-am-Ip-¶p. A{]-Xo-£n-
X- ambn Cu ico-c- ¯nsâ A´yw Ft¸mÄ kw`-hn-¡p-sa¶v
F§s\ Adnbpw? B kabw `K-h-XvNn´ D­m- ImsX aäp
k¦-ev]-§Ä BWp-­m-Ip-¶-sX-¦n km[m-c-W-t]mse
F¬]-¯n-\m-epe£w tbm\n-I-fn Ae-ªp-Xn-cn-tb-­-
Xmbn hcp-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ C\n {]mW-hn-j-b-Ia - mb Úm\-¯nsâ
kmwkm-cn-Ihpw ]mc-eu-In-Ih
- p-amb ^es¯ hnh-cn-¡p-
¶p.
11. b Ghw hnZzm³ {]mWw thZ \ lmky {] Pm
lo-btXartXm `hXn XtZj tÇmIx
GsX-¦nepw hnZzm³ C{]-Imcw Cu {]mWsâ clkyw
a\- Ên- em- ¡p- Ibpw {]mWsâ al-Xzs¯ {Kln¨v FÃm {]Im-
c-§-fnepw AXns\ kpc-£n-X-am¡n \ne-\nÀ¯p-Ibpw
AXns\ Hcn-¡epw Ah-tl-fn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-
¶pthm Ahsâ k´m-\-]-c-¼c Hcn-¡epw \in-¨p-t]m-Ip-
¶n-Ã. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m Ahsâ hocyw Atam-Lhpw
AÛp-Xhpw iàn-k-¼-¶-hp-am-Ip-¶p. Ah³ AXnsâ
B²ym-ßnI cl-kys¯ {Kln-¨n«p Xsâ Pohn-Xs¯
kmÀ°-I-am-¡n-¯oÀ¡p-Ibpw Hcp £Ww-t]mepw `K-hXv
Nn´-I-fm iq\y-am-¡m-Xn-cn- ¡bpw sN¿p-¶p. F¦n A\-
´- Im-e-t¯-b¡ v p-ambn Aa-c-\m-bn-¯o-cp¶p; AXm-bXv P\-
\-a-c-W-cq-]-am-Ip¶ {]]-©-¯nÂ\n¶pw apà-\m-bn-¯o-cp-
¶p.
N P
12. DXv]-¯n-am-bXnw Øm\w hn`pXzw K
ssNh ]©[m
A²ymßw ssNh {]mWky hnÚm-bm-ar-X-
a-i v\ p-tX.
hnÚm-b m-ar-Xaiv\pX CXn.
D]-cypà hnth-N\ - -§-f-\p-k-cn-¨v bmsXmcp a\p-jy³
{]mWsâ DÛ-hs¯ þ AXm-b Xv CXv F´nÂ\n¶v
F§s\ D­m- Ip¶p F¶ cl- kys¯ þ {Kln-¡p-¶pthm
ico-c-¯n AXnsâ hym]vX n-sb-¸-än-bpÅ Úm\hpw
{Kln- ¡p- ¶pthm bmsXm- cp-¯³ {]mWsâ ØnXnsb AXm-
bXv AI¯pw ]pd¯pw Fhn-sS-hn-sS-sbÃmw AXp hkn-
¡p¶p F¶pÅ cl-kys¯ þ AXnsâ _mlyhpw B´-
cn-Ihpw Bb þ B[n-`u-Xn-Ihpw B²ym-ßn-I-hp-amb
A©p cl-ky-§sf \¶mbn {Kln-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ Aar-
X- kz-cq-]-\mb ]c-am-\-µ-ab ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-cs\ {]m]n-
¡p-Ibpw B B\-µ-a-bsâ kwtbm-K-kp-Js¯ \nc-´cw
A\p- `-hn- ¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p- Ibpw sN¿p-¶ p.
NXpÀ° {]iv\ w
1. BY ssl\w kucym-bWo KmÀKyx ]{]Ñ `K-
ht¶ Xkvan³ ]pcptj Im\n kz]´n Im\ykvan
RvP m{KXn IXc Gj tZhx kz]v\ m³]- i yXn
Issky-XÕ - pJw `hXn Ikv an¶p kÀth k{¼-
Zn-jvTnXm `h-´o-Xn.
ChnsS KmÀKy-ap\n ]n¸-em-Zt- \mSv A©p-Im-cy-§Ä
tNmZn-¡p-¶p. 1. KmV-\n-{Zm-k-abw Cu a\p-jy-i-co-c-¯nÂ
A[n-h-kn-¡p¶ ap³]-dª tZh-X-I-fn BscÃmw Dd-
§p¶p? 2. BscÃmw DWÀ¶n-cn-¡p¶p? 3. kz]v\m-hØ - -
bn Ch-cn GXp-tZ-hX kz]v\-kw-`-h- §Ä I­p-sIm- ­n-
cn-¡p¶p? 4. \n{Zm-hØ
- -bnse kpJm-\p-`hw BÀ¡p-­m-
Ip¶p? 5. Cu FÃm tZh-X-Ifpw kÀÆ-`m-h-t¯m-Spw-IqSn
F´n ØnXn-sN-¿p¶p? AXm-bXv Bsc B{i-bn-¨n-cn-
¡p¶p? C§s\ KmÀKy-ap\n Pohm-ßm- hn-tâbpw ]c- am-ßm-
hn-tâbpw ]qÀ®-amb XXz-§Ä tNmZn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
2. Xkvssa k tlmhmN bYm KmÀKy aco-Ntbm
À¡kymkvXw KÑXx kÀhm GX-kvanw-kvtXtPm
aWvUe GIo-`-h-´n. Xmx ]p\x ]p\-cp-Z-bXx {]N-
ct´y hw l ssh XÕÀhw ]tc tZth a\tky-
Io-`-h-Xn. tX\ XÀtlyj ]pcptjm \ irtWmXn
\ ]iyXn \ Pn{LXn \ ck-btX \ kv]ritX
\m`n-h -ZtX \mZt¯ \m\-µ -b tX \ hnkr-P tX
t\bm-btX kz]n-Xo-Xym-N-£ -tX.
Cu a{´- ¯n ]n¸- em-Z-a-lÀjn KmÀKysâ BZy-{]-iv\-
¯n\v C{]- Imcw adp- ]Sn ]dªp þ ""KmÀKym, kqcy³ AkvX-
an- ¡p-t¼mÄ B kabw FÃm `mK§fn-tebv¡pw hym]n-
 185
I ¨p-In-S-¶n-cp¶ {]Imi Inc-W-§Ä F{]-Imcw B {]Im-i-
]p-RPv -¯n ebn¨v H¶m-bn-¯o-cp-¶pthm XnI¨pw AtX
coXn-bn¯s¶ KmV-\n-{Zm-k-a-b¯v \nsâ tNmZy-{]-Im-c-
apÅ FÃm tZh-X-I-fpw, FÃm C{µn-b§ - -fpw, Ah-bnse
kÀÆ-t{i-jvT-amb h\-cq-]-tZ-h-Xbpw AXn hneo-\-ambn
X{Zq-]-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. AXn-\m B kabw Cu Pohm-
ßmhv {ihn-¡p-¶n-Ã, ImWp-¶n-Ã, {LmWn-¡p-¶n-Ã, kzZn-
¡p-¶n-Ã, izkn-¡p-¶n-Ã, kv]Àin-¡p-¶n-Ã, kwkm-cn-¡p-¶n-
Ã, {Kln-¡p-¶n-Ã, Nen-¡p-¶n-Ã. ae-aq-{X-hn-kÀÖ\w \S-
¯p-¶n-Ã, ssaYp-\-kpJw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶n-Ã. AXm-bXv B
kabw ]¯n-{µn-b-§-fp-tSbpw {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä kÀÆYm
\ne-¨n-cn-¡pw. Cu kabw Cu ]pcp-j³ am{Xw Dd-§p¶p
F¶p km[m-cW Bfp-IÄ ]d- bp-¶p. kqtcym- Z-b- ¯n Inc-
W-§Ä ho­pw FÃm `mK§fn-tebv¡pw hym]n-¡p-¶-Xp-
t]mse Xs¶ Ah³ DWÀ¶p-I-gn-ªm ]n¶oSv FÃm
C{µn-b§ - fpw a\-ÊnÂ\n¶pw thÀs]«v AXm-Xp-I-fpsS
IÀ½-§-fn hym]r-X- cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ C\n KmÀKysâ {]iv\-¯n\p kwt£- ]-ambn
D¯-cw- sIm- Sp- ¯n«v c­p a{´- §Ä hgn FÃm C{µn- b-§fpw
ebn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-ta a\-Ênsâ ØnXn F´m-bn-¯o-cp¶p
F¶p hnh-cn-¡p-¶p.
3. {]mWm-áb Gssh-X-kvan³]ptc Pm{K-Xn. KmÀl-
]tXym l hm Gtjm]mt\m hymt\m\zmlmcy
]Nt\m bZv KmÀl-]-XymXv {]Wo-btX {]W-b-\ m-
Zml h\obx {]mW.
B kabw Cu a\p- jy-i-co- c-am-Ip¶ \K- c-¯n A©p-
{]m-W-c q-] -§ -fmb Aán-I Ä DWÀ¶n-c n-¡ p-¶ p. CXv
KmÀKysâ c­m-as¯ {]iv\-¯nsâ kwt£- ]-amb D¯-
c-am-W.v ChnsS \n{Zbv¡p bÚ-cq]w \ÂIp-¶-Xn\v ]©-
{]m-W -§sf Aán cq]-¯n hnti-j n-¸ n-¨ n-c n-¡ p-¶ p.
bÚ-¯n Aánbv¡v {]m[m\yw Iev]n-¨n-cn-¡p¶p; AXn-
\m ChnsS kwt£- ]- ambn {]mW-am-{Xsb Aán- bpsS \ma-
¯n ]d-bp-¶p. F¶m apt¼m«v Cu bÚ-¯nsâ cq]-
I- ¯n GXp {]mW-hr- ¯nsb GXnsâ Øm\-¯n hn`m-
h\w sN¿-W-sa-¶-Xns\ kv]jvS-am-¡p-¶p. ico-c¯ - nÂ
bmsXm¶v {]mWsâ A]m- \- hr- ¯n- bm- Ip-¶p-thm, CXp- Xs¶
B bÚ-¯nsâ ""KmÀl-]-Xymán F¶p tXm¶p-¶p.
hym\³ Z£n- Wm-án-bm-Ip-¶p. KmÀl-]-Xym-án-cq-]-amb
A]m-\-\nÂ\n¶pw {]mW³ DW-cp-¶p. Cu Imc-W-¯mÂ
apJy-{]m-W³Xs¶ Cu bÚ-¯nsâ Iev]-\-bn Bl-
h-\o-bm-án-bm-Ip-¶-Xv. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m bÚ-¯nÂ
Bl-h-\o-bmán KmÀly-]-Xy-¯nÂ\n¶pw DbÀ¯n-s¡m-
­p-hc - p-¶p. BZys¯ aq¶mw {]iv\-¯nsâ hni-Zo-I-c-W-
¯nepw {]mWsâ A¶-cq-]m-lpXn AXn lh\w sN¿-
s¸-Sp-¶p, Cu hypev]-¯n-h-gn-bmbn Bl-h-\o-bm-án-Xs¶
F¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
4. bZp-Ñzm-k\n-Èzm-km-th-Xm-hm-lp-XoXn kaw \bXo
kk-am-\. at\m lhmJ bP-am-\x. CjvS-^-et- a-thm-
Zm-\x. k G\w bPm-\-a-l-cl - À {_Ò Ka-b-Xn,
N P
bmsXm¶v apJy-{]m- Wsâ izmtkm-Ñzm- k-cq-]-¯n ico- K
c-¯n\p shfn-bn t]mhp-Ibpw DÅn-tebv¡p aS-§n-h-cp-
Ipbpw sN¿p-¶pthm AXp-Xs¶ Cu bÚ-¯n Blp-
Xn-bmbn hogp-¶p. Cu Blp-Xn-IÄ hgn bmsXmcp t]mj-
I-X-Xz-§Ä ico-c¯ - n- tebv¡p {]th-in-¸n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-
¶pthm Ah Xs¶ tlma-{Z-hy- am-Ip-¶p. B tlma- {Z- hys¯
ico-c-¯nsâ FÃm `mK-§-fnepw Bh-iym-\p-k-cWw ka-
`m-h¯- n F¯n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ Npa-Xe kmam-\y-hm-bp-hn-
tâ-Xm-Wv. AXn-\m AXns\ kam-\-hmbp F¶p ]d-bp-
¶p. AXp-Xs¶ Cu cq]-I¯ - n "tlmXm' þ lh\w \S-
¯p¶ EXzn¡v þ BIp-¶p. Aán-cq-]-\m-bn-cp-¶n«pw Blp-
Xn-IÄ F¯n-¡p¶ IrXyw \nÀÆ-ln-¡p-¶-Xn-\m CXns\
"tlmXm' sh¶p hnfn-¡p- ¶p. BZyw ]d- b-s¸« a\Êp Xs¶
bP-am-\\pw DZm-\-hm-bp-Xs¶ B bP-am-\sâ A`o-jvS-^-
ehpw BIp¶p; F´p-sIm-s­-¶mÂ, F{]-Imcw tlmaw
\S-¯p¶ bP-am-\s\ AXnsâ A`o-jSv -^ew X¶n-te-¡m-
IÀjn¨v IÀ½-^ew A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-Xn\p IÀ½m-\p-kr-X-
ambn kzÀ¤mZn temI-§-fn-tebv¡p sIm­p-t]m-Ip-¶pthm
AtX-{]-Imcw Xs¶ Cu DZm-\-hmbp a\-Êns\ Znh-kw-
tXmdpw \n{Zm-ka
- -b¯v AXnsâ IÀ½^e-¯nsâ t`mK
kzcq- ]-amb {_Ò-tem-I-¯n ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ \nhm- k-Øm-
\-cq-]a
- mb lrZb Kpl-bn-te-b¡p Iq«n-s¡m­p t]mIp-
¶p. AhnsS Cu a\-Êp-hgn Pohm-ßmhpw \n{Zm-P-\n-X-amb
hn{i- a-kpJw A\p-`-hn-¡p¶p; Fs´-¶m Pohm-ßm-hnsâ
\nhm-kØm-\hpw AXp-X-s¶- bm-Ip-¶p. ChnsS "{_Ò Ka-
bXn' F¶-Xp-sIm­v \n{Zm-P-\n-X-amb kpJw {_Ò-{]m]vXn
sIm­p-­m- Ip¶ kpJ-¯nsâ bmsXm-cw-i-¯nepw Xpe\w
sN¿p-hm³ Ign-bp-sa¶p a\-Ên-em-¡-cp-Xv. F´p-sIm-s­-
¶m CXm-Is« Xma-k-kp-J-am-Wv. F¶m ]c-{_-Ò] - -c-
ta-iz-csâ {]m]vXn-sIm-­p-­m-Ip¶ kpJw aq¶p KpW-
§Ä¡pw AXo-X-am-Ip-¶p.
kw_Ôw þ C\n aq¶m-as¯ {]iv\-¯nsâ D¯-cw.
5. Ass{Xj tZhx kz]vt\ aln-am-\-a-\p-`h - -Xn. bZv
ZrjvSw ZrjvS-a-\p-]-iyXn {ipXw {ipX-ta-hmÀ°-a-
\p-ir-tWm-Xn. tZi-Zn-K-´-sscÝ {]Xy-\p-`qXw ]p\x
]p\x {]Xy-\ p-` -hXn ZrjvSw NmZrjvSw N {ipXw
Nm{ipXw Nm\p-`qXw Nm\-\ p-` qXw N k¨m-k ¨
kÀÆw ]iyXn kÀÆx ]iy-Xn.
GXp tZhX kz]v\s¯ ho£n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶p
F¶pÅ KmÀKy-ap-\n-bpsS aq¶m-as¯ tNmZy-¯n\v ]n¸-
em-Z³ C{]-Imcw adp-]Sn ]d-ªp.
Cu kz]v\ m-h-Ø-bn Pohm-ß m-hp-X s¶ a\Êpw
kq£vta-{µn-b-§fpw hgn Xsâ hn`q-XnIsf A\p-`-hn-¡p-
¶p. CXn\p ap³]v A§n§p I­Xpw tI«Xpw A\p-`h - n-
¨XpsaÃmw Xs¶ kz]v\-¯n IqsS-¡qsS ImWp-Ibpw
tIÄ¡p-Ibpw A\p-`h - n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. F¶mÂ
Pm{K-Z-h-Ø-bn Ah³ F{]-Imcw GXp coXn-bn GXp
Øe¯v GXp-kw-`-hs¯ ImWp-Itbm tIÄ¡p-Itbm
 186

I A\p-`-hn-¡p-Itbm sNbvXn-«pt­m AtX-{]-Imcw Xs¶ N hmIvN hàhyw N lkvXu NmZm-Xhyw tNm]- K

AXp kz]v\-¯nepw A\p-`-hn-¡Ww F¶p \nb-a-sam-¶p- Ø-Ým-\-µb - n-Xhyw N NbqÝ hnkÀÖ-bn-Xhyw
an-Ã. F¦nepw kz]v\-¯n Pm{K-Z-h-Ø -bnse GsX-¦nepw N ]mZu N K´hyw N a\-Ýa - -´hyw N _p²nÝ
kw`-h-¯nsâ GsX¦nepw Awiw atä-sX¦nepw kw`-h- t_m²hyw Nml-¦m-c-Ýmlw IÀ¯hyw N Nn¯w
¯nsâ Awi-hp-am-bn-t¨À¶v Hcp ]pXnb cq]-¯n A\p- N tNX-bn-Xhyw N tXPÝ hntZym-X-b n-X hyw N
`-h-s¸-Sp-¶p. AXn-\m kz]v\-Im-e-¯n I­Xpw ImWm- {]mWÝ hn[m-c-bn-Xhyw N.
¯Xpw ImWp-¶p. tI«Xpw tIÄ¡m-¯Xpw tIÄ¡p¶p,
Øqe-kq£va ]© alm-`q-X-§Ä, ]¯n-{µn-b-§fpw
A\p-`-hn-¨Xpw A\p`hn-¡m-¯Xpw A\p-`-hn-¡p¶p F¶p
Ah-bpsS hnj-b-§-fpw, \mep {]Im-c-¯n-epÅ A´x-I-c-
]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. DÅXpw CÃm-¯-Xp-amb hkvXp-¡-sfbpw
W-§fpw Ah-bpsS hnj-b-§fpw AXp-t]mse A©p-X-c-
kz]v\-¯n ZÀin-¡p-¶p. C{]-Imcw kz]v\-¯n hnNn-
¯nÂs¸« {]mW-hm-bp¡Ä Ch-sbÃmw ]c-am-ßm-hns\
{X- co-Xn-bn kw`-h-§sf IqsS-¡qsS A\p-`-hn-¨p-sIm-­n-
B{i-bn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Øqe-amb ]rYznbpw AXnsâ Imc-
cn-¡p-Ibpw kzbw Xs¶ FÃm-am-bn«v ImWp-Ibpw sN¿p-
W-amb KÔ-hpw, Øqe-P-e-X- Xzhpw AXnsâ Imc-W-amb
¶p. B kabw Pohm-ßm-hns\ IqSmsX asäm-¶p-ap-­m-bn-
ck-am-{X-bpw, Øqe-tX- P-kX
v - Xzhpw AXnsâ Imc-W-amb
cn-¡p-¶n- Ã.
cq]-hpw, Øqe-hmbp XXzhpw AXnsâ Imc-W -amb
6. k bZm tXP-k m-`n-`qtXm `h-X y-ss{Xj tZhx kv]Ài-\-hpw, Øqem-Im- ihpw AXnsâ Imc-W-amb i_vZ-
k z] v\ m¶ ] i y- X yY X s s Z- X - k van³ i c oc hpw, C{]-Imcw X§-fpsS Imc-W-k-ln-X-amb ]©-`q-X-§-
GXÕpJw `h-Xn. fpw, t\t{X-{µn-bhpw AXp-hg- n-bmbn ImW-s¸-Sp¶ hkvXp-
¡-fpw, t{imt{X-{µn-bhpw AXp-hgn Bkz-Zn-¡-s¸-Sp¶
KmÀKy-ap\n \mem-as¯ tNmZyw C{]-Imcw tNmZn-¡p-
]pfn¸pw a[p-chpw Bb FÃm ck-§-fpw, XzKn-{µn-bhpw
¶p. ""\n{Z-bn kpJ¯nsâ A\p-`hw BÀ¡p- ­m-Ip¶p?''
AXp-hgn kv]Àin-¡-s¸-Sp¶ FÃm ]ZmÀ°-§-fpw, hmKn-
AXn\p ]n¸-em-Z³ adp]Sn ]d-bp¶p þ \n{Zm-k-a-b¯v Cu
{µn-bhpw AXp-h-gn-bmbn D¨-cn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ FÃm i_vZ-hpw,
a\Êv DZm-\-hm-bp-hn-¶-[o-\-ambn `hn-¡p-t¼mÄ AXm-b-Xv.
c­p-I-c-§fpw AXp-hgn ]nSn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ FÃm hkvXp-¡-
DZm-\-hmbp Cu a\-Êns\ Pohm-ßm-hnsâ hmk-Øm- \-amb
fpw, c­p-]m-Z-§fpw AXnsâ {]m]y-Ø m-\-§-fpw. Kp]vtX-
lrZ-b-¯n F¯n¨v taml-hn-h-i-am-¡p-t¼mÄ, B \n{Zm-
{µn-b-§fpw ssaYp-\-kp-J-hpw, KptZ-{µn-bhpw AXp-hgn
h-Ø-bn Pohm-ßmhv a\Êp hgn-bm-bpÅ kz]v\-kw-
hnkÀÖn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ ae-hpw, a\Êpw AXp-hgn a\\w
`h§sf ImWp-¶n- Ã. B kabw \n{Zm-P-\n-X-amb kpJm-
sN¿-s¸-Sp¶ FÃm hkvXp-¡-fpw, _p²nbpw AXp-hgn
\p-`hw Pohm-ßm-hn\p Xs¶ D­m-Ip-¶p. Cu ico-c-¯nÂ
{Kln-¡-s¸- Sp¶ FÃm km[- \-§-fpw, Al-¦m- chpw AXnsâ
kpJ-Zpx-J-§sf A\p-`h - n-¡p-¶Xv {]tXy-Im-hØ
- -bnÂ
hnjb§fpw, Nn¯hpw AXp-hgn N´n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ FÃm
{]Ir-Xn-Ø-]p-cp-j³ þ Pohm-ßm-hp-X-s¶- bm-Ip-¶p.
kwK-Xn-I-fpw, {]`m-hhpw AXn \n¶p {]`m-hn-X-am-Ip¶
7. k bYm tkmay hbmwkn hmtkm-hr£w kw hkv X p¡fpw C§s\ ]©- h r- ¯ n- I - t fmSp IqSnb
{]Xn-jvTt´ Ghw l ssh XXv kÀhw ]c Bß- {]mW\pw AXp-hg- n-bmb Poh³ ]IÀ¶p hln-¡-s¸«p
\n-k w-{]-X n- jvT -t X. sIm­n-cn-¡p¶ FÃm ico-c-§fpw FÃmw CXnsâ Imc-W-
KmÀKy-ap-\n-bpsS A©m-as¯ tNmZyw þ ""Cu a\-Êv, `q-X-\mb ]c-ta-iz-s\-¯s¶ B{i-bn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
_p²n, C{µn-b-§Ä, {]mW³ þ FÃmw F´n ØnXn-sN- 9. Gj ln {ZjvSm kv{]jvSm t{imXm {LmXm ck-
¿p¶p? Bsc B{i-bn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.'' AXn\v C{]-Imcw bnXm a´m t_m²m IÀ¯m hnÚ m- \ mßm
alÀjn adp-]Sn ]d-bp-¶p. ]pcpjx k]tc £c Bß\n kw{]-Xn-jvT-tX.
{]nb-s¸« KmÀKy, BIm-i-¯n ]d¶p k©-cn-¡p¶ ImWp- ¶ Xpw kv ] Àin-¡ p-¶ Xpw {ihn- ¡ p-¶ Xpw
]£n-K-W-§Ä kmbw- Imew aS§n X§-fpsS \nhm-k- Øm- LvdmWn-¡p-¶Xpw a\\w sN¿p-¶Xpw {Kln-¡p-¶-Xp-amb
\¯p kpJ-ambn tNt¡-dp-¶-Xp-t]m-s e, ]rYzn-ap-XÂ FÃm k¼qÀt®-{µn-b§ - -fpw, a\Êv hgn-bmbn kakvX
{]mW³h-sc-bpÅ XXz-§-f-{Xbpw ]c-{_-Ò] - p-cp-tjm-¯-a- IÀ½-§fpw sN¿p¶ hnÚm-\-kz-cq-]-]p-cp-j³ þ Pohm-
\n þ AJn-e-¯n-tâbpw Bßm- hm- bn- «p- Å- Xn þ B{ibw ßmhv þ BIp-¶p. Cu ]ca Ahn-\m-inbpw AJn-e-¯n-
tXSp-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m Ch-sb-Ãm-¯ntâbpw GI- tâbpw Bßm-hp-a mb ]c-{_-Òp-]p-cp-tjm-¯-a³ Xs¶
amb B{ibw At±lw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. FÃm-¯nepw ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. At±-ls¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-
8. ]rYnho N ]rYn-ho-am{Xm Nm]-Ým-t]m-am{Xm N t\m-Sp-IqSn hmkvX- hn-I-amb im´n e`n-¡p¶p; AXn-\mÂ
tXPÝ tXtPm-am{Xm N hmbpÝ hmbp am{Xm CXn-sâbpw ]c-a-amb B{ibw B ]c-ta-iz-c³ Xs¶-bm-
NmIm-i- Ým-Im-i-am{Xm N N£pÝ {ZjvShyw N Ip-¶p.
t{im{Xw N t{imXhyw N LvdmWw N LvdmXhyw 10. ]c-ta-hm-£cw {]Xn-]-ZytX ktbm l sshX-Z-
N ckÝ ck-bnXhyw N XzIvN kv]Ài-bn-Xhyw Ñm- b -a -i - c o- c - a -t em- l nXw ip{`-a - £ cw thZ- b tX
N P
 187

I bkvXp tkmay. k kÀÆÚx kÀtÆm `h-Xn. BIp¶p; A]-c-{_-Ò-am-Ip-¶p. Cu Htc HmwIm-c-¯nsâ K

XtZj tÇmIx. P]w, kvac-Ww, Nn´\w Ch-s Im­p am{Xw X§-fpsS A`o-
jvS-kn-²nsb B{K-ln-¡p¶ hnÚm-\-k-¼-¶-·m-cmb a\p-
bmsXm-cp-¯³ Ombm-c-ln-X \pw Nph¸pw aªbpw
jyÀ At±-ls¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv bmsXmcp¯³
BbpÅ FÃm hÀ®-§-fn \n¶pw cln-X\pw Bb hnip-
]c-ta-iz-csâ hncmSv kzcq-]-s¯, Cu PK-¯nsâ sFiz-
²\pw Ahn-\m-in-bp-amb ]c-ta-iz- cs\ Adn-bp-¶ pthm;
cy-a-b-amb GsX-¦nepw AwKs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ CÑ-
Ah³ B ]c-am-£c ]c-a-ßm-hn-s\-¯s¶ {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
tbm-Sp-IqSn HmwIm- c-s¯, D]m-kn-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ kz´w
CXn Aev] w-t]mepw kwi-b -¯ n-\ -h-I m-i -an-à . tl
`mh-\-bv¡-\p-k-c-W-ambn hncmSv kzcq-]-amb ]c-ta-iz-csâ
tkmay, bmsXm-cp-¯³ C§-s\-bm-Ip-¶pthm AXm-bXv
GsX-¦nepw AwKs¯ {]m]n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. bmsXm-
Bsc-¦nepw B ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-cs\ {]m]n-¡p-¶pthm
cp-¯³ CXnsâ A´- cym-anbpw Bßm-hp-amb ]qÀ®-{_Ò
Ah³ kÀÆ-Ú \pw kÀÆ-c q-]\pw Bbn-¯o-cp-¶p.
]pcp-tjm-¯-as\ {]m]n-¡p¶Xn\p \njv¡m-a-`m-ht- ¯m-Sp-
ASp¯ a{´w Cu hnj-bs¯ kw_-Ôn-¨p-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p.
IqSn D]m-k\ \S-¯p-¶pthm Ah³ ]c-{_Ò ]pcp-tjm-
11. hnÚm-\mßm kl tZsshÝ kÀssÆx ¯-as\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
{]mWm `qXm\n kw{]-Xn-jvT´n b{X. 3. k btZy-I-am-{X-`n-[ym-boX k tXss\h kwth-
XZ-£cw thZ-btX bkvXp tkmay Zn-Zn-X-kvXqÀ®-tah PK-Xym-a-`n-kw-]-Zy-tX, XartNm
k kÀÆ-Ú-ÊÀÆ-ta-hm-hn-th-ti-X n. a\p-jy-tem-I-ap-]-\b
- t´ k X{X X]km {_Ò-N-
tcyW {i²bm k¼t¶m aln-am-\-a-\p-`h - -Xn.
AJn- e¯
- n-tâbpw ]c-a-Im- c-W-\mb ]c-ta-iz-c-\nÂ
kakvX {]mW\pw ]©-a-lm-`q-X-§fpw kakvtX{µnb-§- HmwIm-c-s¯-¸än Nn´n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶ a\p-jy³
tfmSpw A´x-I-c-W-§-tfmSpw IqSnb Pohm-ßmhpw FÃmw hncmSv ]c-ta-iz-csâ `qx, `phx, kzx Cu aq¶p-cq-]§ - -
B{ibw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. B ]c-am-£-c-amb Ahn-\m-in-]-c- fnÂ\n¶pw `qtem-I-¯nsâ sFiz-cy- ¯n Bk- à-\m-bn«v
am-ßm-hns\ bmsXm-cp-¯³ Xncn-¨-dn-bp-¶pthm Ah³ AXnsâ {]m]vXn- ¡mbn HmwIm-cs¯ D]m- kn-¡p¶p F¦nÂ
kÀÆ-Ú-\m-Ip-¶p, AXp-t]mse kÀÆ-cq-]-\mb ]c-ta-iz- ac-Wm-\- ´cw Ah³ Xsâ {]m]- Wo- b-amb sFizcy-¯mÂ
c-\n {]hn-jvS-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. C{]-Imcw Cu NXpÀ°- t{]cn-X-\mbn X¡mew `qtem-I¯ - n h¶p-tN-cp-¶p.
{]iv\w kam-]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. HmwIm-c-¯nsâ BZy-am{X EtKz-Z-kz-cq-]-am-Ip-¶p. AXn\p
`qtem-Ih - p-ambn _Ô-ap-­v. AXn-\m AXnsâ Nn´-
IÄsIm­p km[-I\v EtKz-Z-a-{´- §Ä ho­pw a\p-jy-i-
]©-a -{ ]iv \w co-c- ¯n {]th-in-¸n-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p. Ah³ B ]pXnb
a\p-jy-P-·-¯n X]w, {_Ò-N-cyw, `àn-k-¼-¶-amb D¯-
1. AY ssl\w ssi_yx kXy-Imax ]{]-Ñ.
am-Nm-c- W-§Ä Ch-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb t{ijvT-a- \p-jy-\mbn AÛp-
k tbm l ssh XZv`-K-h-·-\p-tjyjp {]mb-Wm´ X- I-c-amb sFizcy-§sf A\p- `-hn-¡p-¶p. Ah\p \oN-tbm-
tam¦m-c-a-`n-[ym-bo-X. XIaw hmh k tX\ temIw \n-I-fn Ae-tb­Xmbn hcp-¶n-Ã. Ah³ ac-Wm-\-´cw
Pb-X o-X n. a\p-jy-\mbn ho­pw ip`-IÀ½-§Ä A\p-jvTn-¡p-¶-XnÂ
Cu a{´-¯n HmwIm-c-¯nsâ D]m-k-\sb kw_- kaÀ°-\m-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw AhnsS \m\m-{]-Im-c-¯n-epÅ
Ôn¨v kXy-Im-a³ tNmZyw sN¿p-¶p. bmsXmcp a\p-jy³ kpJ-§sf A\p-`h - n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
BPo-h- \m´w HmwIm-cs¯ icn-bmb coXn- bn D]m- kn-¡p- 4 . AY bZn Zznam- t {X W a\ k n kw ] - Z ytX
Ibpw Ah\v B D]m-k-\-hgn GXp temIhpw {]m]n-¡p- tkm´cn£w bPpÀ`n-cp-¶o-btX tkma-tem-Iw. k
hm³ Ign-bp-Ibpw Ah\v F´p ^ew-In-«p-Ibpw sN¿p- tkma-temtI hn`q-Xn-a-\p-`qb ]p\-cm-hÀ¯-tX.
sa- ¶p-Å-Xn Ah³ PnÚm-kp-hm-bn-cn-¡pw.
km[-I³ HmwIm- c- ¯nsâ c­p-am-{X- Isf D]m- kn- ¡p¶p;
2. Xkvssa k tlmhmN GXssZz kXy-Ima ]cw AXm-bXv B hncmSv kzcq-]-\mb ]c-ta-iz-csâ AwK-`q-X-
N Nm]cw {_Ò btZm-¦ m-c x. Xkva m-Zzn-Zzm-t\tX amb `qx (a-\p-jy-tem-Iw) `phx (kzÀ¤-tem-Iw) Ch c­n-
ss\hm-b- Xt- \-ss\-I-Xc at\z-Xn. tâbpw sFiz-cy-¯n Bk-à n-tbm-Sp-IqSn AXn-s \-
CXnsâ D¯-c-ambn alÀjn ]n¸-em-Z³ ""Hmw'' F¶ ¯s¶ e£y-am¡n Hm¦m-cs¯ D]m-kn-¡p¶psh¦nÂ
A£-cs¯ AXnsâ e£y-`q-X- amb ]pcp-tjm-¯-a-t\m-Sp- Ah³ at\m-a-b- amb N{µ-tem-Is¯ {]m]n-¡p¶p; Ahs\
IqSn GIo-I-cn-¨p-sIm­p ]d-bp¶p þ kXy-Im-a, Cu ""Hmw'' bPpÀth-Z-¯nsâ a{´w A´-co-£- ¯n apIÄ`m-K¯p
D­-sÃm, AXv Xsâ e£y- `q- X- amb ]c- {_Ò ]c- ta-iz-c-\n N{µ-tem-I-¯n F¯n-¡p-¶p. B hn\m-i-kz-cq-]-t¯m-Sp-
\n¶pw `n¶-am-Ip-¶n-Ã. AXn-\m CXp-Xs¶ ]c-{_-Òhpw Iq-Snb kzÀ¤-tem-I-¯n \m\m {]Im-c-§-fn-epÅ sFiz-
B ]c-{_-Ò¯ - nÂ\n¶pw {]I-S-am-Ip¶ hncmSvUv cq]hpw cy-§sf D]-t`mKw sNbvXn-«v, Xsâ D]m-k-\-bpsS ]pWyw

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 188

I £bn-¨p-Xo-cp-t¼mÄ ho­pw arXyp-tem-I-¯n-te-b¡v p-Xs¶ N-{I-¯nÂ\n¶pw tamNn-¡-s¸-bp-¶n-Ã. CXnsâ Hcw-K-amb K

h¶p-tN-cp-¶p. ChnsS Ah\p Xsâ ]qÀÆ-IÀ½m-\p-kr-X- ]rYn-tem-It- ¯sbm AYhm A´-co-£-t¯-bptam AsÃ-
ambn a\p- j y-i -c o-c tam AYhm AXnepw \oN-a mb ¦n aq¶-tem-I-§- fpÄs¸« ka-kvX- P-K- ¯n- tâ-bpt\m A`n-
tbm\ntbm e`n-¡p-¶p. em-j-t¯m-Sp-IqSn bmsXm-cp-¯³ D]m-k\ \S-¯p-¶pthm
bmsXm-cp-¯sâ e£yw Cu PK-¯nsâ Bß-kz-cq-]-amb
5. bx ]p\-tcXw {Xnam-t{X-tWm-an-tXy-tX-ss\-hm-£-
]c-ta-iz-c-\n-tebv¡vÃmXncn-¡p-¶p-thm, adn¨v bmsXm-cp-cp-
tcW ]cw ]pcp-j-a-`n-[ym-boX k tXPkn kqtcy
¯³ PK-¯nsâ _mly-cq-]-¯n \m{Xw Bk-à-\m-bn-
k¼¶. bYm ]mtZm-Z-c-kvXzNm hn\nÀap-NyX Ghw
¯o-cp-¶pthm Ah³ At±-ls¯ {]]n-¡p-¶n-Ã. AXp-Im-
l ssh k ]m]va\m hn\nÀapàx k kma-`n-cp-¶o-
caw IqsS-¡qsS P\n-¡p-Ibpw acn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXpsIm
btX {_Ò temIw k GX-kvam-Öo-h-L-\mXv ]cm-
­n- cn-¡p-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ X³sc ico- c-¯nsâ DÅnepw
Xv]cw ]pcn-ibw ]pcp-j-ao-£tX XtZXu tÇmIu
]pd¯pw a[y-`m-K¯pw At±-ls¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ
`hXx.
A`n-em-j-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Hm¦mcs¯ P]n-¡p-Ibpw kvacn-¡p-
Cu a{´- ¯n "]p\x' i_vZ-{]-tbm-K-¯n \n¶pw Cu Ibpw Nn´n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm B km[-I³ am{Xw
Hcp- Imcyw kqNn-¸n-¨n-cn- ¡p¶p þ D]- cyp-à-amb IY\w A\p- PvRm\ kzcq-]-\mb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ ]ns¶ Hcn-¡epw Xsâ
k- cn¨v Cu temI-¯n-tâbpw kzÀ¤-tem- I-¯n-tâbpw sFiz- Ah-Ø- bnÂ\n¶pw hyXn-N-en-¡p-¶n-Ã.
cys¯ A`n-e-jn-¨p-sIm­v B ]c-{_-Òs¯ e£y-am¡n
7. EKv`n-tcXw bPqÀ`n-c-´-cn£w
HmwIm-cs¯ D]m-kn-¡p¶ km[-I· - m-cn Akm-[m-cW
km[-I s\ ChnsS hÀ®n-¨ n-c n-¡ p-¶ p. D]m-k-\ -b psS kma-`nÀbXv XXvI-htbm th-Z-bt´
kÀtÆm- ¯- a- amb coXn CXp- X- s¶-bm- Ip¶p þ Cu `mhw {]I- Xtam-¦m-tc-ssW-hm-b-X-t\-\m-t\zXn hnZzm³
Sn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\v Cu a{´- ¯n "F¦nÂ' F¶ ]Zw {]tbm- b¯-NvOm-´-a-Pc aar-X-a-`bw ]cw tNXn.
Kn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m CXn bmsXmcp hnI-
ev]h - p-an-Ã. HmwImcw B ]c-{_-Ò-¯nsâ \ma-am-Ip¶p; Hcw-K-s¯- am{Xw e£y-am¡n D]m-k\ \S-¯p¶ km[-
AXp- hgn ]c-{_-Ò-]-c- ta-iz-c³ D]m-kn-¡-s¸-Sp¶p F¶v Cu Is\ EtKz-Z-¯nse a´- d-§Ä a\p- jy-tem-I-¯n sIm­p-
a{´-¯n kv]jvS-am-bp-]-tZ-in- ¨n-cn-¡p- ¶p. bmsXmcp km[- h- ¶ m- ¡p-¶p. c­p-am-{X-Isf D]m-kn-¡p-¶-hs\ AXm-bXv
I³ aq¶p-am-{X- I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb HmwIm-c-kz-cq-]-amb A£-c- PK-¯nsâ Gähpw D¶-X-amb kzÀ¤o-ssb-iz-cy-§sf
Zzmcm ]c-{_-Ò-]-c-ta-iz-c s\ D]m-kn-¡p-¶p-thm, Ah³ e£y-am¡n HmwIm-cs¯ D]m-kn-¡p-¶-hs\ bPqÀth-Z-
kÀ¸w ]S-hp-ambn _Ôw-hn«p t]mIp-¶-Xp-t]m-se-Xs¶ ¯nse a´vd-§Ä N{µ-tem-I-¯n-tebv¡p sIm­p-t]m-Ip-
FÃm IÀ½- _-Ô-§-fn \n¶pw tamN\w {]m]n¨v kÀÆYm ¶p.-bm-sXm-cp-¯³ Ch-bn-seÃmw ]cn-]qÀ®\pw FÃm-¯n-
\nÀhn-Im-c-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ahs\ kma-th-Z-¯nsâ a{´w tâbpw Bß-kz-cq- ]- hp- amb ]c- ta- iz- csâ HmwIm-c-Zzmcm D]m-
tXtPm-a-ba - -Zb kqcy-a-WvU-e-¯n¡qSn sIm­p-t]mbn k\ \S-¯p-¶pthm, Ahs\ kma-th-Z-¯nse a´vd-§Ä
kÀtÆm-]-cn-bmbn {_Ò-tem-I-¯n F¯n- ¡p-¶p. AhnsS alm-PvRm- \n-I-fm \m{Xw Adn-b-s¸- Sp¶ {_Ò- tem- I- ¯nÂ
Ah³ Poh-k-ap-Zm-b-cq-]\pw tNX-\m-X-Xz-¯m AXy´w F¯n- ¡p-¶p. kw]qÀ®cl- ky-s¯- {K-ln-¨n- «pÅ _p²n-am-
t{ijvT -\p-am-b-]-c-{ _-Ò-]p-cp-tjm-¯-a s\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. \mb a\p-jy³ _mly-P-K-¯n Bk-à-\m-ImsX HmwIm-
At±lw kw]qÀ® PK-¯ns\ Xsâ iàn-bpsS Aev]mw- c-¯nsâ D]m-k-\-h-gn-bmbn kakvX PK-¯n-tâbpw AXva
iw-sIm­p hln-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-Ibpw {]]©w apgp-h³ kzcq-]-\mb B ]c-a-im-´\pw FÃm-{]-Im-c-§-fn-ep-apÅ
hm]n-¨ n-c n-¡ p-Ibpw A´-cym-a n-c q-] -¯ n AJn-e -¯ n- hnIm-c-§fm cln-X\pw BIp-¶p. Ahn-sS hmÀ²-IyanÃ,
tâbpw lrZ-b§ - -fn hncm-Pn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. C\n- ac- W-an-Ã, `b-an-Ã. Ah³ Aa-c\pw \nÀ`-b\pw AXp-t]mse
bpÅ c­p tÇmI-§Ä Cu hnj-bs¯ kv]jvS-am-¡p- ¶p. {ijvT-\mb ]c-a-]p-cp-tjm-¯-a\pw BIp-¶p.
6. Xnkvtdm am{Xm avdpXyp-aXyx {]bpàm
At\ym-\y-kàm A\-hn-{]-bp-àmx. jjv T -{]iv\w
{Inbmkp _mlym-`ym-´c a²y-amkp 1. AY ssl\w kptIim `mc-ZzmPx ]{]-Ñ-þ-`-K-hm³,
kayIv {]bp-àmkp \ Iw]tX Úx!! lnc-Wy-\m`x Iukteym cmP-]pt{Xm amap-t]-ssXy-
Xw- {]iv \ a]ypÑX. tjmU- i - I - e w `mc- Z zmP
Cu ImWp-¶Xpw tIÄ¡p-¶Xpw A\p- `- hn- ¡p-¶- Xp-amb
]pcpjw th°. X-alw Iam-c-a-{_phw \ml-anaw
HmwImc ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-csâ PKXv kzcq-]-amb hncmSv
thZ bZy-l-an-aa thZnjw IYw tX \mhm-£y-anXn
kzcq-]w. At±-l¯ - nsâ hmkvX-hn-Ihpw ]c-am-hn-\m-in-bp-
kaqtem hm Gj ]cn-iqjyXn tbm\rX-a-`n-h-ZXn
amb cq]ta BIp-¶n-Ã; CXv ]cn-hÀ¯-\-kz-`m-h-t¯m-Sp-Iq-
Xkvam-¶ mÀlm-ay-\rXw hIvXpw. kXpjv Wow cY-
Sn-b-Xm-W.v AXn-\m CXn Pohn-¡p-¶-hÀ Aa-c-cm-bn-¯o-
am-cply {]h-{hm-Px Xw Xzm ]rÑman Izmku-]p-cpj
cp- ¶n-Ã. F{X-am{Xw D¶-X-·m- cm-sW- ¦nÂt¸mepw P\-\-a-c-W-
CXn.
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 189

I kptIi alÀjn Xsâ Aev]-PvR-Xbpw kXy-`m-j-W- bmsXm¶v D­m-bn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ Fsâ k¯ kv]jvS-am-Ip- K

¯nsâ al-Xzhpw {]I-Sn-¸n-¨p-sIm­v ]Xn-\mdp Ie-I-tfm- Ibpw sN¿-¯-¡-hn[w GsXmcp XXz-amWv AXn \nt£-
Sp- Iq-Snb ]pcp-js\ kw_-Ôn¨ tNmZyw tNmZn-¨p. At±lw ]n-t¡-­- Xv.
]d-ªpþ"`K-h³', Hcn-¡Â tImk-e-cm-Py-¯nse cmP-Ip-am-
4. k {]mW-a-kvdp-PX {]mWmÑvd²mw Jw hmbpÀ
c³ lnc-Wy-\m-`³ Fsâ ASp-¡Â h¶n-cp-¶p. Ah³
tPymXn-c m]x ]rYn-ho-{µnbw at\m¶a-¶ m-Zzocyw
Ft¶mSp tNmZn¨p þ "`c- Zzm- P, ]Xn-\mdp Ie- I-tfmSpw IqSnb
Xt]m-a{´mx IÀ½ temIm temtIjp N \ma N.
]pcp-js\ \n§Ä¡-dn-bmtam?' Rm³ Abm-tfmSp kv]jvS-
ambn ]dªp þ ""ktlm-Z- c, Rm\Xv Adn-bp-¶nÃ; Adn-bp- ]c-{_Ò ]ctaiz-c³ BZy-ambn AJn-e-¯nsâbpw
am- bn- cp- s¶- ¦n XoÀ¨-bmbpw \n\¡p Rm\Xp ]dªp Xcp- {]mW-cq- ]-amb kÀÆmß lncWy KÀ`s¯ krjvSn¨p. A\-
am-bn-cp-¶p. ]d-bm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xn\v bmsXmcp Imc-W-hp-an- ´cw ip`-IÀ½- §sf {]hÀ¯n-¸n-¡p¶ `àn þ BkvXn-
ÃsÃm? ]dªp Xcp-¶-Xn-\pÅ CjvS-an-Ãm-bva-sIm-­mWv Iy-_p²n þsb {]I-S-am-¡n-bn«v {Ia-ambn ico-c-¯nsâ D]m-
{]iv\s¯ Rm³ \ntj-[n¨p If-ª-sX¶p \n§Ä a\- Zm-\-`q-X-§-fmb BIm-iw, hmbp, tXP-Êv, Pew, ]vdpYzn
Ên hnNm-cn-¡-cpXv; F´p- sIm- s­- ¶m Rms\m- cn-¡epw F¶o ]©-a-lm-`q-X-§-fp-tSbpw krjvSn \S-¯n. Cu ]©
Ifhp ]d-bp-I-bn-Ã. Ifhp ]d-bp¶hsâ hwi-hn-tÑZw alm- `q-X-§- fpsS {]hÀ¯\w Xs¶- bmWv Cu Zriy- am- \- amb
kw`-hn-¡p-¶p. Ah\v Cu temI-¯ntem ]c-tem-I-¯ntem k¼qÀ® {_Òm-WU v w. ]©-alm `qX-§Ä¡p-tijw ]c-
bmsXmcp am\y-Xbpw e`n-¡p-¶n-Ã. CXp-tI«v cmP-Ip-am-c³ ta-iz-c³ a\-Ê,v _p²n, Nn¯w, Al-¦mcw þ F¶o \mep
\nÈ-_vZ-\mbn cY-¯n Ib-dn, h¶Xp-t]m-se-Xs¶ Xncn- kaq-lc - q-]-amb A´x-Ic - -Ws¯ cNn-¨p. ]n¶oSv hnj-b-
¨p-t]m-bn. Ct¸mÄ A§-bnÂ\n¶pw B ]Xn-\mdp Ie-I- §-fpsS Úm\-¯n\pw {]hÀ¯-\-¯n-\pw-th­n A©p
tfmSp IqSnb ]pcp-j-X- Xzs¯ Adn-bp-¶-Xn\v Rm³ B{K- Úmt\-{µn-b-§-tfbpw XYm A©p IÀt½-{µn-b-§-tfbpw
ln-¡p-¶p. Zb-hp-sN-bvXv, Ah³ Fhn-sS-bm-av, Ahsâ krjvSn-¨p. AXn-\p-tijw Pohn-I-fpsS ico-cØ - n-Xn-¡p-
kzcq]w F´m- W,v F¶pÅ Imcy-§Ä ]d-ªp-X-¶mepw!'' th­n A¶-t¯bpw AXnsâ ]cn-]mIw hgn-bmbn iàn-
tbbpw krjvSn-¨p. AXn\pw tijw A´x- I-c- W-¯n-tâbpw
2. Xkvs sa k tlmhm- N . Cssl- h m-´ x-i - c otc
C{µn-b-§-fp-tSbpw kwb-a-cq-]-amb X]-Êns\ BhnÀ`-hn-
tkmay k ]pcptjm bkvan-t¶Xmx tjmUi Iemx
¸n-¨p. D]m-k-\-bv¡p-th­n `n¶-§-fmb a{´-§-tfbpw
{]`-h -´ o-Xn.
Iev]n-¨p. A´x-I-c-W-¯nsâ kwtbm-K-t¯m-Sp-IqSn C{µn-
]Xn-\m-dp-I-eItfmSp IqSnb ]pcp-js\ e£y-am- {X-ambn b- §Ä hgn \S- ¯-s¸-Sp¶ IÀ½-§sf \nÀ½n-¨p. Ah- bpsS
Ah-X- cn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. ]n¸-emZ alÀjn ]d- ªp. "{]nb-s¸« hnhn-[-§-fmb ^e-cq-]-t¯m-Sp-IqSnb temI-§sf krjvSn-
kptI-im, GsXmcp ]c-{_Ò ]c-ta-iz-c-\n \n¶pw ]Xn- ¡p-Ibpw Ah-bpsS FÃm-¯n-tâbpw \ma-cq-]-§-tfbpw
\mdp Iem kaql k¼qÀ® PKZv cq]-am-Ip¶ At±-l- cNn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.-C-§s\ ]Xn-\mdp Ie-I-fm bpà-
¯nsâ hncmSv icocw D¸-¶-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm B ]ca amb Cu {_Òm-WvUs¯ krjvSn-¨n«v Pohm-ßm- hp- k-lnXw
]pcp-j³ \½psS Cu ico-c-¯nsâ DÅn Xs¶ hncm-Pn- ]c-ta-iz-c³ kzbw CXn {]th-in¨p; AXn-\m At±lw
¨p-s Im-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. At±-ls¯ At\z-j n¨v A\y{X ]Xn-\mdp IeItfmSp-Iq-Snb ]pcp-j³ F¶p hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-
t]mtI­ bmsXm-cm-hi - y-hp-an-Ã. a\p-jysâ lrZ-b-¯n ¶p. \½psS Cu a\p-jy-i-co-chpw {_Òm-WvU-¯nsâ
]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶X - n-\pÅ Xo{h-amb A`n-emjw Xs¶ Gähpw sNdnb Hcp amXr-I-bm-Wv. AXn-\m ]c-ta-
Pm{K-¯m-Ip-t¼mÄ Ah³ AXns\ Xsâ lrZ-b¯ - n iz-c³ F{]-Imcw Cu {_Òm-WvU-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p-
Xs¶ I­p-ap-«p-¶p. ¶pthm AtX {]Imcw Xs¶ At±lw \½psS Cu ico-c-
¯nepw ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. Cu ico-c¯ - nepw B ]Xn-\mdp
kw_Ôw þ B ]c-{_Ò ]pcptjm¯-asâ XXzs¯ a\-
Ie-Ifpw \ne\n¡p-¶p. B lrZ-b-Ø-\mb ]c-a-tZ-h-]p-
Ên-em-¡p-¶-Xn\v kwt£-]a - mbn krjvSn-{I-as¯ hÀ®n-
cp-tjm-¯-as\ Adn-bp-¶-Xp-X- s¶- bmWv B ]Xn-\mdp Ie-
¡p¶p þ
I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]pcp-js\ Adn-bp-¶-Xv.
3. k Cu£ mwN- t {I. Ikv a n- ¶ - l - a p- X v { Im´
kw_Ôw þ kÀ¤-¯nsâ Bcw-`s¯ hÀ®n-¨n«v ]c-{_-
DXv{Imt´m `hn-j yman Ikvan³hm {]Xn-j vTntX
Ò-¯ nsâ e£ys¯ {Kln-¸ n-¨ p. C\n {]f-b -¯ nsâ
{]Xn-jvTn-k ym-ao-Xn.
e£ys¯ hÀ®n-¡p¶p þ
alm-kÀ¤- ¯nsâ BZn-bn PK- ¯nsâ cN\ \S-¯nb
5. k btYam \Zyx kyµ- am\mx kap-{ Zm- b Wmx
]c-a-]p-cp-j³ ]c-ta-iz-c³ Nn´n¨p þ "Rm³ GsXmcp
kap{Zw {]m]ymkvXw KÑ´n `ntZytX Xmkmw \ma-
{_Òm-WvUs¯ cNn-¡p-hm-\m-{K-ln-¡p-¶pthm AXnÂ
cqt] kap{Z CtXyhw t{]mNy-tX. Gh-tahm ky
bmsXm-¶n-Ãm-Xn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ F\n¡v kzb-ambn AXnÂ
]cn- { Z- j vS p-c namx tjmUi Iemx- ] p- c p- j m- b Wmx
hkn-¡p-hm³ Ign-bm-¯-hn[w AXm-bXv Fsâ k¯
]pcpjw {]m]ymkvXw KÑ´n `ntZy-tX-Nmkmw \ma-
kv ] jv S -c q- ] - t ¯m- S p-I qSn hyà-a m- I m- X n- c n-¡ p- I bpw

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 190
I c qt] ] pc pj C tX yhw t{] mN ytX k 7. Xm³tlm-hm-ssN-Xm-h-tZ-hm-l-ta-XXv ]cw {_Ò
GtjmItemartXm `hXn XtZj tÇmI.
hnhn[ \ma-§-tfmSpw cq]-§-tfmSpw IqSn \nc-h[n \Zn-
IÄ F{]-Imcw X§-fpsS DZvK-a-Øm-\-amb kap-{Z-¯n¶`n-
ap-J-ambn ]mªv B kap-{Z-¯n-se¯n AXn hneo-\-am-
bn-¯o-cp-¶pthm Ahbv¡p kap-{Z-¯n \n¶p {]tXy-I-
amb \ma-cq-]-§Ä CÃm-Xp- ¶pthm Ah kap{Zw Xs¶ Bbn-
¯o-cp-¶pthm AtX-{]-Imcw Xs¶ kÀÆ-km-£nbpw kI-
e-¯n-tâbpw Bß-kz-cq-]-hp-amb ]c-am-ßm-hnÂ\n¶v DÛ-
hn¨ ]Xn-\mdp IeIfpw (Cu ]qÀ® {_Òm-WU v w) {]f-b-
Im-e- ¯n X§-fpsS ]c-am-[m-c- amb ]c-a- ]p-cp-j- \n sN¶v
AXn¯s¶ hneo-\-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. ]ns¶ Chbvs¡m
¶n\pw {]tXy-I-amb \ma-cq-]-§Ä tijn-¡p-¶n-Ã. GI-am-
{X-\mb ]c-a -]p-cpj ]c-ta-iz-csâ kzcq-]-¯ n Ch
XmZmßyw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m At±-l-¯nsâ \ma-
¯nÂ, At±- l - ¯ nsâ hÀ®- \ - b n Ch- b p- t Sbpw
hÀ®\w DÄs¸- Sp-¶p. B kabw ]c-am-ßm-hn bmsXmcp
Xc-¯n-ep-apÅ k¦-ev]§ - Ä Ahtijn-¡p-¶n-Ã. AXn-
\m At±lw Iem-c-ln-X\pw Aar-X-kz-cq-]\pw BIp¶p
F¶p ]d- b-s¸-Sp-¶p. Cu XXz-§sf {Kln- ¡p¶ a\p- jy\pw
B ]c- am-ßm- hns\ {]m]n- ¨n«v Iem-c-ln-X\pw Aa-c\pw Bbn
`hn-¡p-¶p.
6. Acm Ch cY-\m`u Iem bkvan³ {]Xn-jvTnXmx
Xw thZyw ]pcpjw thZ bYm am thm arXypx ]cn-
hyYm CXn.
Cu a{´-¯n kÀÆm-[m-c-amb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ Adn-bp-
¶-Xn\p t{]cn- ¸n-¨p-sIm­v AXnsâ ^ew P\-\-a-cW cmln-
Xy-am-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. thZ- `-K- hm³ a\p-jy-tcmSp ]dªp
þ F{]-Imcw cY-¯nsâ N{I-¯n LSn-¸n-¨n-cn- ¡p¶ FÃm
IW-¡m-ep-Ifpw B N{I-¯nsâ a[y-Ø-amb IS-¯nsâ
DÅn {]th-in-¡p- ¶pthm Ah-bpsS FÃmw B[mcw ISw-
X- s¶-bm-Wv. IpS-s¯-¡q- SmsX Ah- bv¡p- d¨p \n¡phm³
Ign-bp-¶n-Ã. AtX-{]-Imcw Xs¶ apI-fn¸-dª {]mWmZn
]Xn-\mdp Ie-IÄ¡pw bmsXm¶v B[m-c-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm
Cu FÃm Ie-Ifpw bmsXm-¶ns\ B{i-bn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶pthm
bmsXm-¶n \n¶p-Û-hn-¡p-Ibpw bmsXm-¶n hneo-\-am-
Ip-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p-thm, At±lw Xs¶ Adn-b-s¸-Sp-hm³
tbmKy-\mb ]c-{_Ò ]c- ta-iz-c³. B kÀÆm-[m-c-\mb ]c-
am-ßm-hns\ a\-Ên {Kln-¡-Ww. At±-ls¯ a\-Ên-
em¡n¡gn-ª m \n§Ä ac- Ws¯ `b-s¸-Sp-Ib - n-Ã,
]n¶oSv arXyp-hn\p \n§sf P\-\-a-cW kwkm-c-¯nÂs¸-
Sp¯n ZpxJn-¸n-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶-X-Ã. \n§Ä Fs¶-t¶-
bv¡p-ambn Ac-\m-bn-¯o-cpw.
Q
N P
K
thZ. \mXx ]c-a-kvXo-Xn.
C{Xbpw D]-tZ-in- ¨- Xn\p tijw alÀjn ]n¸- em-Z³ ]ca
`mKy-hm- ·m- cmb kptI- imZn Bdp alÀjn-am- scbpw kwt_m-
[\ sNbvXp-sIm­v ]dªp þ ""Ejn-amtc!, Cu ]c-{_Ò
]c-ta-iz-csâ hnj-b-¯n Rm³ C{X am{Xta Adn-bp-¶p-
Åq. CXn-\p-]-cn-bmbn aäp bmsXm-¶p-an-Ã. Rm³ \n§-tfmSv
At±-l-¯nsâ hnj-b¯ - n Fs´Ãmw ]d-bW - -am-bn-cp-
¶pthm AsXÃmw ]dªp Ign-ªncn¡p-¶p.''
kw_Ôw þ Ah-km\w IrX-ÚX {]I-Sn-¸n-¨p-sIm­v
kptI-imZn ap\n-KWw alÀjnsb ]e-hpcp {]Wmaw
sNbvXp-sIm­p ]d-bp¶p þ
8. tX XaÀ¨-b-´kvXzw ln\x ]nXm tbmkvam Ia-
hn-Zymbmx ]cw ]mcw Xmc-b-koXn \ax ]ca Ejn
t`ym \ax ]c-a-Ej
- n`yx
C{]-Imcw ]n¸-em-Zm-Nm-cy-\nÂ\n¶pw {_tÒm-]-tZiw
kzoI-cn-¨p-sIm­v Bdp alÀjn-amcpw At±-ls¯ ]qPn-
¨p-sIm­v ]dªp þ ""`K-hm-t\, A§p Xs¶ R§-fpsS
bYmÀ° ]nXm-hm-Ip¶p; A§p Xs¶ R§sf Cu
kwkmc kmK-c-¯nsâ A¡sc F¯n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. C§-
s\-b pÅ Kpcp-hn-t\-¡mÄ D]-cn-b mbn thsdmcmÄ¡v
F§s\ Kpcp-hm-Im³ Ignbpw? A§p ]c-a-E-jnbpw
Úm\ kzcq-]-\p- am-Ip-¶p. A§sb R§Ä \a-kI v -cn-¡p-
¶p. ho­pw ho­pw \a-kv¡-cn-¡p-¶p. "A´na hmIy-
¯nsâ ]p\-cm-hr¯n {KÙ-¯nsâ kam-]X v nsb kqNn-¸n-
¡-¶-Xn-\p-th-­n-bm-Ip-¶p.
im´n-] mTw
Hmw `{Zw IÀt®`nx {iWp-bma tZhm `{Zw ]tiy
am£m-`n-cy-P{Xmx
Ø ns sc - c - M vss K- k vXp- j vSphmw k kvX- \ q-
`nÀhytia tZh-lnXw bZmbpx
kzkvXn \ Ct{µm hr²-{ihmx kzkvXn \x ]pjm
hniz-thZmx
kzkvXn \kvXmÀt£ym Acn-jvS-t\anx kzkvXn
t\m _rl-kvX-]nÀZ-[m-Xp.
Hmw im´nx ! im´nx ! im´nx !!!
CXnsâ AÀ°w Cu D]-\n-j-¯nsâ Bcw-`-¯n sImSp-
¯n- «p-­ v.
 191
I K
1 OmtµmtKym]\n- j ¯v 3
H¶mw JÞw
Hman-tXyX Z£c apZvKoY ap]m-knX; Hmanþ
Xn lyqZvKm-bXn; Xtkym-]h
- ym-Jym\w
DXvKoYsa¶p ]d- bp¶ "Hmw' F¶pÅ A£- cs¯ D]m-
kn-¡- Ww. ""Hmw'' F¶p DZvKoXw sN¿p-¶p. AXnsâ þþ "B'
A£-c-¯nsâ þþ D]-hym-Jym\w Bcw-`n-¡p-¶p.
D] þþ Gjmw `qXm\mw ]rYnhn ckx ]rYnhym
B t]mck:, A]m-tam-j-[tbm ck,
Huj-[o\mw
]pcp-tjm-ckx ]pcp-jky hm{K-tkm, hmN
E{K-k, ENx kma-ckx kmav\ DZvKotYm ckx
Cu `qX-§-fpsS ckw ]rYn-hn-bm-Ip-¶p. ]rYn-hn-bpsS
ckw A¸p-If - m-Ip-¶p. A¸p-If
- psS ckw Huj-[n-I-fm-Ip-
¶p. Huj-[n-I- fpsS ckw ]pcp-j-\m-hp-¶p. ]pcp-jsâ ckw
hm¡mIp¶p. hm¡nsâ ckw E¡m-Ip-¶p. E¡nsâ ckw
kma-am-Ip-¶p. kma-¯nsâ ckw DZvKo-Y-am-hp-¶p.
k Gj ck\mw ck-Xax ]cax
]cm-t²ym f- ãtam f bZp-ZvKoY:
GXmtWm DZvKoYw A§n-s\-bpÅ F«m-a-t¯-Xmb
Cu HmwImcw At§ Aäs¯ ck-h pw, ]c- a - h pw,
t{ijvThpw, ]c-am-ßm-sh-¶pÅ Øm\-¯n\v AÀl-hp-am-
Ip-¶p.
IX-am-I-X-aÀIv IX-aXv IX-aXv kma,
IXax IXa DZvKoY CXn-hn-arãw
E¡v GXmWv? kmaw GXmWv! DZvKoYw GXmWv F¶v
hnaÀin-¡-s¸-«n-«p-­v.
hmtK-hÀIv {]mWx ktam-antXy XZ£c þþ
aZvKoY: XZzm GX-·n-Yp-\w, bZzm¡v
N {]mW-ÝÀIv N kma N.
N P
"E¡v' F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv hm¡p-X-s¶-bm- Ip- ¶p. "kmaw'
F¶Xv {]mW-\m-Ip-¶p. DZvKoYw "Hmw' F¶pÅ A£-c-am-
Wv. hm¡pw {]mW\pw E¡pw kmahpw GXmtWm AXv
"anYp\'amIp-¶p.
XtZX·nYp\ tamantXy Xkvan-¶-£-tcþ
kwkr-PytX; bZm ssh anYp\u
kam-K-ÑX B]-btXm ssh Xm]þ
t\ym\yky Imaw.
A§n-s\-bpÅ Cu anYp\w "Hmw' F¶pÅ A£-c-
¯n tNÀ¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. Gt¸m-gmtWm anYp- \-§Ä kwtbm-
Pn-¡p- ¶Xv At¸mÄ AhÀ ]c-kv]cw Imtam-Õp- I- cm- bn-¯o-
cp¶p F¶Xv {]kn-²-am-W.v
B]-bnXm l ssh Imam\mw `hXn
b GX-tZhw hnZym-\-£-c-ap-ZvKo-Ya
- pþ
]mkvtX
BcmtWm C{]-Imcw Adnªv Cu A£-c-am-Ip¶
DZvKo-Ys¯ D]m-kn-¡p-¶Xv Ah³ Ima-\-Isf ssIh-cn-
¡m³ {]m]vX-\m-Ipw.
XZzm GX-Z-\p-Úm-£cw; b²nIn þþ
©nZ-\p-Pm-\m-tXym-antXy hX-Zml; Gþ
tjm Gh kar-²nÀ¿-Z-\pÚm; kaÀ²
bnXm ssh Imam\mw `h-Xnb GX
tZhw hnZzm-\-£c apZvKoY ap]mkvtX
A§n-s\-bpÅ Cu HmwImcw A\p-Úm-cq-]-amb
A£-c-am-Ip-¶p. GXmtWm GsX-¦n-ep-sam-¶ns\ A\p-h-
Zn-¡p-¶Xv AXns\ Hmw F¶p-Xs¶ ]d-bp-¶p. GXmtWm
A\pÚ AXp Xs¶ kar-²n-bm- Ip-¶p. bmsXm-cp-h³ C{]-
Im-c-a-dnªv Cu A£-c-am-Ip¶ DZvKo-Ys¯ D]m-kn-¡p-
¶pthm Ah³ Ima-§-fn kaÀ°-\m-bn-Xo-cp-¶p.
 192
I tXt\bw {Xbo hnZym-hÀ¯-tX, HmanXym
{im]-b-tXym-anXn iwktXym anXypZv KmbtXyþþ
Xssky-hm-£-c-kym]-NnssXy alnav\m ctk\
{]Ir-X-amb Hmw F¶ A£- cw-sIm­p Cu {Xbo-hnZy
\S-¡p-¶p. Hmw F¶v B{im-hWw sN¿p-¶p. Hmw F¶p
iwkn-¡p- ¶p. Hmw F¶v DZvKm\w sN¿p-¶p. AXv Cu A£-
c- ¯nsâ Xs¶ A]-NnXn (]q-P)-b¡ v m-bn-«pw, aln-a- sIm­pw
ckw sIm­p-am-Ip-¶p.
tX t\m Zu Ipcp-tXm bssÝX tZhw
thZ, bÝ \ th-Z, \m\m XphnZym NmhnZym
N; btZh hnZybm ItcmXn {i²-tbm-]-\n-j-Zm,
XtZh hoÀ¿-h-¯cw `hXn CXn-Jtez Xssky
hm £c-tkym-]-hym-Jym\w `hXn
BcmtWm CXns\ C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-¶Xv Ah-\pw,
Bcv Adn-bp-¶n-Ãtbm Ah-\pw, c­p-t]cpw Cu A£cw
sIm­v IÀ½w sN¿p-¶p. F¶m hnZy-bpw, Ahn-Zybpw
`n¶-§-fm-Ip-¶p. GXn-s¶-bmtWm hnZy-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bpw,
{i²-tbm-Sp-Iq-S nbpw A[nIw hocy-ap-ÅX
- m-bn-¯o-cp-¶ p.
C§ns\ hn[n-¨Xv Cu A£-c-¯n-sâ-Xs¶ D]-hym-Jym-\-
am-Ip-¶p.
c­mw JÞw
tZh-kp-cl ssh b{X kwtb-Xnc
D`tb {]mPm-]-Xym-kvX²
- t- Zhm DZvKoY
amP{lp c t\s\ \m\m`n `hn-jyma CXn.
{]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS ]p{X-cmb tZh-·mcpw Akp-c-·m-cpw,
X½n GXp hnj-b¯ - n ]­p bp²w sNbvXp-thm,
AXn tZh-·mÀ CXp sIm­p Akp-c-·msc \ap¡p
tXmev]n¡mw F¶p hnNm-cn¨v DZvKo-Ys¯ Bl-cn¨p!
tX l \mknIyw {]mW-ar-ZvKoY
ap]mkmw N{Insc;
Xw lm kpcx ]m]vav\m hnhn[p;
kvXkvam-t¯-þþ
t\m`bw Pn{LXn kpc`n N ZpÀ¤Ôn N;
]m]va-\m tly j hn²x
AhÀ \mkn-Ib - n-epÅ {]mW-\mbn, DZvKo-Ys¯ D]m-
kn-¨p. B {]mWs\ Akp-c-·mÀ ]m]w sIm­p th[n-¨p.
AXn-\m {]mWs\ ({Lm-Ww) sIm­v kuc-`y-ap-Å-Xn-
t\bpw ZpÀ¤-Ô-ap- Å- Xn-t\- bpw, {LmWn- ¡p-¶p. Fs´-¶mÂ
Cu {]mW³ ]m]-¯m³ th[n-¡-s¸-«p.
AYl hmN apZvKoY ap]mkmw N{Iotc;
Xmwlm-kpcx ]m]va\ hnhn[px,
N P
Xkvam-¯tbm `bw hZXn kXyw Nm K
\rXw N; ]m]va\m tljm-hn-²m,
AYl N{ip-cp-ZvKoY ap]mkmw N{Iotc;
X²m-kpcx ]m]va\m hnhn[p- -
kvXkvam-t¯t\m `bw ]iyXn ZÀi-\o-þþ
bwN, ]m]va-\m-tly-X-Zzn-²w.
AYl t{im{X-ap-ZvKoY a]mkmw N{Iotc;
X²m-kpcx ]m]va\m hnhn[p
Xkvam-t¯t\m `bw irtWmXn
{ih-Wobw N ]m]vat\m tlyX Zzn²w.
AYl a\ DZvKoY ap]mkmw N{Iotc;
X²m-kpcx ]m]va\m hnhn[px
Xkvam-t¯t\m `bw k¦-ev]-btX
k¦-ev]-\obw Nm k¦-ev]-\obw
N; ]m]va\m tlyX-Zzn-²w.
A\-´cw hm¡mbn DZvKo-Ys¯ D]m-kn-¨v, hm¡ns\
Akp- c-·mÀ ]m]w- sIm­v th[n¨p! A¡m- c- W-¯m hm¡p-
]-tbm-Kn¨v kXy-t¯bpw Ak-Xy-t¯bpw temIÀ ]d-
bp¶p! Fs´- ¶m CXv ]m]-¯m hn²-bm-Ip-¶p.
A\-´cw N£p-Êmb DZvKo-Ys¯ D]m-kn¨v N£p-
Êns\ Akp-c-·mÀ ]m]w-sIm­p th[n-¨p. AXn-\mÂ
N£p-Êp-sIm­v ImWm³ sImÅm-hp-¶-Xn-t\-bpw, Im
Wm³ sImÅm- ¯-Xn- t\bpw temIw ImWp- ¶p. Fs´- ¶mÂ
N£pÊv ]m]-¯m th[n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p.
A\- ´cw t{im{X-ambn DZvKo-Ys¯ D]m-kn-¨p. AXns\
Akp-c- ·-\mÀ ]m]w sIm­v th[n-¨p. AXn-\m t{im{Xw
sIm­v tIÄ¡m³ sImÅm-hp-¶-Xn-t\-bpw, tIÄ¡m³
sImÅ- cp-Xm- ¯- Xn- t\-bpw, temIw tIÄ¡p¶p. Fs´- ¶mÂ
t{im{Xw ]m]-¯m³ th[n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p.
A\-´cw a\-Êmbn DZvKoYs¯ D]m-kn-¨p. a\-Êns\
Akp-c-·mÀ ]m]w-sIm­v th[n-¨p. AXn-\m a\-Êp-
sIm­p k¦-ev]n-¡m³ sImÅm-hp-¶-Xn-t\bpw k¦-ev]n-
¡m³ sImÅ-cp-Xm-¯-Xn-t\bpw temIw k¦-ev]n-¡p-¶p.
Fs´-¶m a\Êv ]m]-¯m³ th[n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p.
apJy-{]m-W³ D]m-ky-\m-sW¶v ImWn-¡p-¶-Xn-\m-bn,
AXnsâ hnip-²Xzw t_m²y-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm-\m-bn, {ipXn Cu
hnNm-cW Bcw-`n-¨p. AXp-sIm­v N£pÊv apX-emb tZh-
X-Isf {ItaW hnNm-cW sNbvXv ]m]-¯m hn²-I-fm-
W¶v I­v XÅn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
""AY-l-hw, N£pxt{im{Xw, a\x'' CXymZn aäp-Å-sXÃmw
ap³]p ]d-ª-Xn-t\mSp Xpey-am-Ip¶p. ChnsS ]d-ªn-«n-
Ãm¯ Xz¡v, ck\ apX- emb tZh- X-Ifpw CXp- t]mse Xs¶-

I bm-Ip-¶p. CXn-\-\p-Iq-ea- mbn ""Gh-ap-J-teXm tZh Xmx
]m]va`nx'' F¶pÅ _rl-Zm-c-WyI {ipXn-bp-ap-­v.
AY-lb Ghmbw apJyx {]mW-kvXþ
arKvZo-Ya
- p-]mkmw N{Intc; Xwlm-kpc
EXzm hnZ[zw kpÀ¿Ym ivam\ amJ-Wþ
arXzmh [zw tkXx
A\-´cw Cu apJ- ¯n- epÅ ""{]mW³'' GtXm AXmbn
DZvKo-Ys¯ D]m-kn-¨p. Akp-c-·mÀ Ahs\ {]m]n-¨v, B
JW- amb Bivas¯ {]m]n¨v \in-¡p- ¶-Xp- t]mse \in- ¨p. cn-¡p-¶p. _rlXn F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv hm¡m-Ip-¶p. B
Ghw bYm f iva\-am-J-W-arXzm hn[zw kX
Ghw sslh khn[zw ktX b Ghw hnZn
]m]w Ima-btX bssÝ \a`n Zmk-Xn-kþ
Gtjm f ivamJWx
C{]-Im- c- a- dn-bp- ¶- h- \nÂ, Bcv ]m]s¯ Iman- ¡p-¶pthm
Ah³ C§s\ BJ-Þ- amb Aivas¯ (in- e- sb) {]m]n¨v
F{]-Im-c-amtWm \in-¡p-¶-Xv, A{]-Imcw Xs¶ \in-
¡p¶p! {]mW-hn-¯ns\ Bcv lnwkn- ¡p-¶pthm Ah\pw
C§ns\ \in-¡ pw. A§n-s\-b pÅ Cu {]mW-h n¯v
""Aivam-J-W-am-Ip-¶p.''
BJWx = Ipgn-¡m³ _p²n-ap-«pÅ
ss\ sshtX-\k - p-c-`n, \ZpÀ¤Ôn hnPmþ
\mXy-]-l -X-]m-]vam-tlyj t\X-b -Z-iv\ mXn
bXv ]n _Xn tXt\ Xcm³ {]mWm-\-hXn
GXap Ghm-´tXm hnt¯m {Iam
Xn, hymZZmtXy hm´X CXnÂ.
Cu apJy-{]m-W- s\-s¡m­v kuc-`y-ap-Å-Xns\ Adn-bp-
¶nÃ; ZpÀ¤-Ô-ap-Å- Xn-s\bpw temIw Adn-bp-¶n- Ã. Fs´-
¶m Cu apJy-{]m-W³ ]m]w \o§n-bh - -\m-Ip¶p! Ah-
s\-sIm­v F´v Bin- ¡p-¶p-thm, F´v ]m\w sN¿p-¶p-
thm, AXp-sIm­v {LmWw apX- em-b, aäp {]mW§sf c£n-
¡p-¶p. Ah-km-\-Im-e-¯n Cu apJy-{]m-W- s\, apJy-{]m-
W- hr-¯n-bmb A¶-]m-\-§sf e`n-¡m-¯-Xp- sIm- ­p-Xs¶
{LmWw apX-emb {]mW-§-fpsS kap-Zmbw icocw hn«p-
t]m-hp-¶p. ac-W-Im-e-¯n hmbv ]nfÀ¡p¶p F¶-XmWv bp-¶p. BcmtWm B X]n-¡p-¶Xv Ah³ Xs¶ DZvKo-
AS-bm-fw.
Xw ly§vKncm DZvKo-Ym-ap-]mkmw Nt{I;
GXap Ghmffþ§v Knckw a\yt´ f §vKm
\mw b{Zkx
B apJy-{]m-W- \mbn DZvKo-Ys¯ A§v KncÊv D]m-kn-
¨p. Cu apJy-{]m-W-s\-¯s¶ B§vKn-c-ks - a¶v hnNm-cn-
¡p-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m AwK§-fpsS ck-am-Ip-¶p.
AwK-§Ä¡v {]mW-s\¶ \ne-bn ck-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-
sIm-­mWv B§vKnc-k-sa¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv.
N P
193
tX\ Xwl _rl-kv]-Xn-cp-ZvKoY ap]m-kmw-Nt{I; K
GXap Gh _rl-kv]Xn a\yt´ hmKvLn
_rl-Xo, Xky Gj-]Xnx
tX\ Xw lm ff bmky DZvKo-Y-ap-]m-kmw Nt{I;
GXap Gh ff bmkyw a\y´
Bkym-Zym-b-tX.
AXp-sIm­v _rl-k] v Xn B {]mW-\mb DZvKo-Ys¯
D]m-k n- ¨ p. Cu {]m- W - s \- ¯ s¶ _rl-kv]-Zn-sb¶v hnNm-
hm¡n\v {]mW³ ]Xn-bm-Ip-¶p.
tXX\w l _tIm Zmevt`ym hnZmw NImc;
k l ss\an-io-bm\m apZvKXm _`qh;
k l kvssa`yx Imam\m Kmb-Xn.
AXp-sIm­v B {]mWs\ ZÂ`ysâ ]p{X-\mb _I³
Adn-ªp. Ah³ ss\an-im-cW
- y-¯n-ep-Åh
- c
- psS DZvK-Xm-
hmbn `hn-¨p. Ah³ AhÀ¡m-bn, Ima-§sf BKm\w
sNbvXp!
BKmXm l ssh Imam\mw `h-Xn,
b GX-tZhw hnZym-\-£-c-ap-ZvKoY
ap]mkvtX; CXy-[ym-ßw.
bmsXm-cp-h-\mtWm C{]-Im-c-a-dn-ªv, Cu A£c-am-
Ip¶ DZvKo-Ys¯ D]m-kn-¡ p-¶ Xv Ah³ Ima-§-sf
BKm\w sN¿p-¶-h-\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p. Bß-hn-j-b-amb
DZvKoXw D]m-k-\-bm-Ip-¶p.
aq¶mw JÞw
AYm[n ssZhXw:þ b Ghmku X]-Xn,
Xap-ZvKo-Y-ap-]m-k oX; DZy³hm Gj-{]þ
Pm`ym DZvKm-bXn; DZyw-kvXtam `ba
]l´n; A]-l´m ssh `bky
Xatkm `hXn b Ghw thZ
C\n tZh- Xm-hn- j- b- amb DZvKo-tYm-]m- k- \- s¯-¡p- dn¨v ]d-
Ys¯ D]m- kn- ¡- Ww. Ch³ DZn-¡p-¶-h-\m-bn- «v, {]P-IÄ¡p-
th­n DZvKm\w sN¿p-¶p. DZn¨v Xa-Ên-t\bpw `b-¯n-
t\bpw \in-¸n-¡p-¶p. bmsXm- cp-h³ C{]-Im- c-a-dn-bp- ¶p-thm,
Ah³ `b-¯n-tâbpw Xa-Ên-tâbpw \mi-I-\mbn `hn-
¡p¶p!
Øm\- t`- Z-¯m {]mW- \pw, BZn- Xy\pw thsd- thsd F¶-
t]mse ImW-s¸- Sp¶p F¦nepw AhÀ¡v kzcq- ]- t`- Z-aÃ.n-
kam\ D Ghmbw Nm ku tNmjvtWmf
bapjvtWmf ku, kzc-C-Xo-aam N£tX
 194
I kzc CXn {]Xym-kzc CXy-apw, XkvamZzm
GX ana aapw tNmZvKo-Ya
- p-]m-ko-X.
{]mW-\pw, BZn-Xy\pw KpWw sIm­v Hcp-t]m- se-bm- W.v
{]mW³ DjvW-\m- Ip-¶p. kqcy\pw DjvW- \m-Ip- ¶p. kzc³
F¶v {]mWs\ ]d-bp-¶p. kzc³ F¶pw {]Xym-kz-c³
F¶p BZn-Xys\ ]d-bp-¶p. AXp-sIm­v {]mW-\pw, BZn-
Xy-\p-amb Cu DZvKo-Ys¯ D]m-kn-¡-Ww.
AY-Jep hym\-ta-thm-ZvKoY ap]m-koX;
bssZz-{]m-WnXn k{]mtWm; bZ-]m-\nþ
Xntkmf ]m\x AYbx {]mWm-]m-\tbmx
kÔnx khym\x tbmhym\x km hmIv
Xkvam-Z-{]m-W\
- -]m-\³ hmN-a`n hyml-c-Xn.
C\n hym\-\mbn DZvKo-Ys¯ D]m-kn-¡-Ww. {]mW\w
sN¿p-¶Xv GtXm, AXp {]mW-\m-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. A]-
am-\n-¡p-¶Xv GtXm B hr¯n hntijw A]m-\-\m-Ip-¶p.
{]mW-hr-¯ n-b p-tS-b pw, A]m-\-hr-¯n- bp-tSbpw kÔn
GXm-tWm, AXv hym\³ BIp-¶p. hym\³ GtXm AXp
hm¡m-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m {]mWn-¡m-sX-bpw, A]-am-\n-¡m-
sXbpw hm¡v D¨-cn-¡p-¶p.
bmhmIv kÀIv, Xkvam-Z-{]m-W¶
- \
]m\-\r-Na
- -`n-hym-l-c-Xn, bÀIv,
XÕm-a, Xkvam-Z-{]m-W¶
- -\-]m-\³
kma-Km-bXn bÕm ak DZvKoY
kvXkvamZ {]mW-¶-\-]m-\-¶p-ZvKm-b -Xn.
hm¡v GXmtWm AXmWv E¡v. AXn-\m {]mW-hym-
]mcw sN¿m-sX-bpw, A]m-\-hym-]mcw sN¿m-sX- bpw, EIv
D¨-cn-¡p-¶p. E¡v GXmtWm AXp kma-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-
\m {]mWn-¡m-sX-bpw, A]-am-\n-¡m-sX-bpw, kmas¯
Km\w sN¿p-¶p. kmaw GtXm AXp- Xs¶ DZvKo-Y-am-Ip-¶p.
AXn-\m {]mWn-¡m-sXbpw A]m-\n-¡m-sXbpw DZvKm\w
sN¿p-¶ p.
AtXm bm\y-\ym\n hoÀ¿-h´n
I½mWn bYm-táÀ½-Ù\-amtPx
kcWw Zr[-\y-[-\pj Bb-a-\a
{]mW-¶-\-]m\w kvXm\o-I-tcmXn;
GX-ky-tltXm Àhym\ tathm-ZvKoY
ap]m-k n-X .
AXn-\m Aánsb IS-sª-Sp-¡p-I, Hcp Øm\¯p
\n¶v aÕ-cn-t¨m-Sp-I, Dd-¸pÅ hnÃp hen-¡p-I, XpS-§nb
IÀ½-§Ä, {]mWm-]m\ hr¯n-IÄ IqSmsX temIw sN¿p-
¶p. AXn-\m hym\³ Xs¶-bmb DZvKo-Ys¯ D]m-kn
-¡-Ww.
N P
AY-J-eq-ZvKo-Ym-£-cm-Wyp-] m-k otXm K
ZvKoY CXn; {]mW Gthm-Xv,
{]mtW-\ -lyp-¯n-j vT-Xn, hm¤ox
hmtNm-l-Knc CXym-N£ - -tX,
A¶-sY, At¶lo ZwkÀhw ØnXw.
C\n DZvKoYw F¶pÅ DZvKo-Ym-£- c-§sf D]m-kn-¡-
Ww. {]mW³ Xs¶ DX F¶ A£-c-am-Ip-¶p. {]mW-s\-
sIm­p FÃmw D°m\w sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶p. hm¡v Knx F¶
A£-c-am-Ip-¶p. hm¡p-Is
- f, Kocp-IÄ F¶v ]d-bm-dp-­v.
Y F¶ A£-cs¯ A¶- ambn ImW-Ww. CsXÃmw A¶-
¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p.
Zyutc-thm, Z´-co£w Kox ]rYn-hoYw;
BZnXy Gthm, ZzmbpÀ¤o, cán-Øw;
kma-thZ Gthm ZyÖqÀth-tZm-Ko,
cytKz-ZØw; ZpKvt² kvssa, hmKvtZmlw tbm
hmtNm tZmtlmf ¶]m-\-¶mtZm `hXn b
GXm-t\yhw hnZzm-\p-Zn-K o-Y m-c-Wyp-]mkvX
DZv-KoY CXn.
tZymhv DXv F¶ A£-c-am-Ip-¶p. B Imcw Ko F¶
A£-c-am- Ip-¶p. ]rYnhn Y F¶ A£-c-am-Ip- ¶p. DXv F¶
A£cw BZn-Xy-\m-Ip-¶p. hmbp Ko F¶ A£-c-am-Ip-¶p.
Aán Y F¶ A£-c-hp-am-Ip-¶p. kma-thZw DXv F¶
A£-c-am-Ip-¶p. bPqÀthZw Ko F¶ A£-c-am-Ip-¶p.
EtKzZw Y F¶ A£-c-am-Ip-¶p. bmsXm-cp-h³ C{]-Im-c-a-
dnªv DZvKoY F¶pÅ A£-c-§sf D]m-kn-¡p-¶p-thm,
Ah- ¶m-bn- «pÅ hm¡v bmsXm-¶m-tWm, hm¡ntâm tZmlw
B tZmls¯ tZml\w sN¿p-¶p. am{X-a-Ã, Ah³ hfsc
A¶-ap-Åh - -\mbpw A¶s¯ B{K-l n-¡p-¶-h -\mbpw
Xocp- ¶p.
AY-Je- zmiox kar²n cp]-k-c-Wm-\oXyp
hmko-X, tb \ kmav\m kvtXmjy³ kym¯
Xv kmtam-]-[m-th-Xv.
C\n Ima-§-fpsS kar²n F§ns\ D­mIpw? AXn-
s\-¸än ]d-bp-¶p. D]-an-t¡-­-hsb [ym\n-t¡-­-hs
- b,
F§ns\ D]m-kn-¡Ww? GXp {]tXyI kmaw sIm­v
kvXpXn-¡p-hm³ t]mIp-¶pthm B kmas¯ D]-[m-h\w
sN¿-Ww.
bky-arNn Xmar-Nw, bZmÀtjbw Xarjow
bmw tZh-Xm-a`n tãmjy³ kymXv Xmw
tZh-X m-ap-] -[ m-th-Xv.
GXp E¡n-em-tWm, B E¡n-t\bpw GXp Ejnsb
kw_- Ôn-¨mtWm B Ejn-tb-bpw, GXp tZh-Xsb kvXpXn-
¡p-h m³ t]mIp-¶ pthm B tZh-X -tbbpw D]-[ m\w
sN¿-Ww.
 195
I tb\ Oµkm kvtXmjy³ kymX-XÑ - µ
D][m thXv, tb\-kvtXm-ta-\-kvtXmjy
amWx kym¯w kvtXma-ap-]-[m-thXv
GXp Oµp- Êp- sIm­v kvXpXn- ¡p- hm³ t]mIp- ¶pthm B
Oµ-Êns\ Nn´n-¡-Ww. GXp kvtXmaw-sIm­v kvXpXn-¡p-
hm³ t]mIp-¶pthm B kvtXmas¯ Nn´n-¡bpw thWw.
bmw Znia`n-tãm³ky¯mw Zni-ap-]-[m-thXv
GXp Zn¡ns\ A`n-hym-]n¨v kvXpXn-¡p-hm³ t]mIp-
¶pthm B Zn¡ns\ Nn´n-¡-Ww.
Bß-\-a-´X D]-krXy kvXphoX Imaw
[ymb¶ {]at¯mf `ytiml bZwkvssa
k Imax kar-t[yX bÂImax kvXpho-X.
HSp-hn Xs¶- ¯s¶ Nn´n¨v Imaw [ym\n-¨p-sIm-­v,
{]amZw hcmsX kvXpXn-¡-Ww. bmsXmcp IÀ½-¯nÂ,
bmsXmcp Ima-t¯m-Sp-IqSn kvXpXn-¡p-¶p-thm, B IÀ½-
¯nÂ, B Imaw AXn-thKw kar²n {]m]n-¡pw.
\memw JÞw
Hman-tXyX Z£-c-ap-ZvKo-Y-ap-]m-knX; HmanXn
lypZvKm-bXn Xtkym] hymJym\w
Hman-tXyX F¶p XpS§n {]Ir-X-amb A£-cs¯
ho­pw FSp¯p ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. CXv DXvKo-Ym- £cw apX-
em-bh
- b
- psS D]m-k-\-¯nÂ, CS¡p apS¡w h¶-Xp-sIm-
­mWv (""Hm anXym-XXv'' CXymZn H¶mw JÞ-¯nsâ BZn-
bn hymJym-\n-¨n-«p-­v.)
tZhm ssh artXymÀ_n-`y-X-kv{Xbnw hnZym..
{]mhn-i³; tX Otµm-`n-c-Ñm-Z-b³; btZ`n
cÑm-Zbw kvXÑ-µkmw Oµ-kvXzw.
tZh-·mÀ, amc-I-amb Akp-c- ]m-]s¯ `b-s¸-«p-sIm-­v,
{Xbo-hn-ln-X-amb IÀ½w Bcw-`n-¨p. AhÀ Oµ-Êp-sIm­v
AXns\ ad-¨p. OmZ\w sN¿p-¶Xv bmsXm-¶mtWm AXv,
Oµ-Êp-I-fpsS Oµ-Êm-bn-cn-¡p¶ Ah-Ø-bm-Ip-¶p.
Xm\p X{X arXypÀ¿Ym aÕy-ap-ZtI
]cn-]tiy tZhw ]À¿-]-iy-Zr-Nn-kmav\n
bPqjn; tX\p hnt¯zmÀ²zm ENx
kmavt\m bPqjx kzc-tah {]mhn-i³
B tZh-·m-sc, sshZoI IÀ½w Bcp-`n-¨n-«pw, arXyp DZ-
I-¯n aÕy-s¯, GXp {]Im-c-¯n-emtWm ImWp-¶-Xv,
A{]-Imcw E¡nepw kma-¯nepw bPq-Ênepw ImWp-¶p.
AhÀ AX-dn-ªn- «v, E¡nÂ\n- ¶pw, kma- ¯n \n¶pw, bPq-
ÊnÂ\n¶pw hymhr-¯-·m- cm-bn-«v, kzc-sa¶p ]d-bp¶ A£-
c-¯n Xs¶ {]th-in-¨p.
N P
bZv hm EN-am]vt\m tXymantXy hmXn K
kzc-tXyhw
km ssahw bPq-tcj D kztcm btZ-X-£c
taX-Z-arX `bw XXv {]hniy tZhm AarXm
A`b A`-h³
Ft¸mÄ E¡ns\ A²ym-b-\w-sIm­p {]m]n-¡p-t¶m,
At¸mÄ "Hmw' F¶p BZ-c-thmSp IqSn D¨-c n-¡-Ww.
C§ns\ kmas¯ {]m]n-¡p-t¼mgpw bPq-Êns\ {]m]n-¡p-
t¼m-gpw, Cu A£cw GXm-tWm, AXv kzc-am-Ip¶p. CXv
Aar-X- hpw, A`-b-hp-am-Ip-¶p. CXns\ {]m]n¨n-«v, tZh-·mÀ
Aar-X-·m-cm-bpw, A`-b-·m-cmbpw XoÀ¶p.
kb GX tZhw hnZzm-\-£cw {]Wuþ
tXyX tZhm-£cw kzc-a-ar-Xa- -`bw {]hn-iyXn;
XXv {]hn-iy, bZ-arXm tZh-kvX-Z-artXm `hXn
tZh-·m-sc-t¸m-se, bmsXm-cp-h³ Cu A£cw Aar-X-
sa-¶pw, A`-b-sa-¶p-apÅ KpW-t¯mSp IqSn Adnªv
kvXpXn-¡p-¶p-thm, Ah³ kzchpw Aar-Xhpw A`-b-hp-
amb Cu A£- c- ¯n¯s¶ {]th-in-¡p-¶p. CXn {]th-
in-¨n«v tZh-·mÀ, GXv Aar-X-Xz-t¯mSp IqSn-b-h-cmbn `hn-
¡p-¶p-thm, AtX Aar-X-Xz-t¯mSp IqSn-b-h-\m-bn-¯o-
cp-¶p.
A©mw JÞw
{]mWm- ZnXy Zrãn- tbmSp IqSnb DZvKo- Y-¯nsâ D]m- k\
]d-ªXp A\p-h-Zn¨v {]W-h-t¯bpw DZvKo-Y-t¯bpw
H¶m¡n AXn {]mW-§-fp-tSbpw civan-I-fp-tSbpw t`Z-
am-Ip¶ KpW-apÅ Zrãn-tbmSp IqSn-bXpw [mcmfw ]p{X-
·m-cp-­m-IpI F¶ ^e-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw Bb A£-c-
¯nsâ D]m-k\ ]d-bp-¶-Xn-\mbn D¯-c-{KÙw Bcw-`n-
¡p-¶p.
AY-Jep b DZvKoYx k {]Whx k DZv
KoY CXyku hm BZnXy DZvKoY Gj
{]Wh HmanXn tlj-kz-c-t¶Xn
GXmtWm DZvKo-Y-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv AXv {]W-h-am-Ip-
¶p. AXmtWm {]Whw F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv AXv DZvKo-Y-am-
Ip-¶p. CXv {]kn-²-am-WtÃm? Cu BZn-Xy³ DZvKo-Y-am-Ip-
¶p. Ch³ {]W-h-am- Ip- ¶p. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m Ch³ Hmw
F¶p-¨c - n-¨p-sIm­p Kan-¡p-¶p.
GXap Ghml a`y-Km-kn-jw, Xkvam-·a
XztatIm f koXnl Iujo-XInx ]p{Xap
hmN; civaowkvXzw ]À¿m-h-¯-bmZv _lpthm
sshtX `hn-jy´o Xy[n ssZhX
 196
I Cu BZn-Xy-cq-]a
- mb DZm-KoYw Xas¶ Rm³ B`n-ap-
Jy-t¯msS Km\w sN¿p-¶p. AXn-\m F\n-¡v, \o Hcp-
h³ am{Xw D­m-bn-cp-¶p. \o civan-I-fm t`Z-t¯mSp IqSn
[ym\n-¡p-¶p. \n\¡v hfsc ]p{X-·mÀ D­m-Ipw. CXv AXn-
ssZ-hX
- -amb D]m-k-\-bm-W.v
AYm-[ymßw þþ b Ghmbw apJyx {]mWkvX
apZvKoY ap]m-koX; Hman-Xn-tlyj kzc-t¶Xn
C\n A[ymß {]mW-Zr-ãn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bpÅ DZvKo-tYm-
]m-k-\sb ]d-bp-¶p. Cu apJ-¯n-epÅ {]mW³ GtXm,
AXmbn Xs¶ DZvKo-Ys¯ D]m-kn-¡-Ww. Cu {]mW³
""Hmw'' F¶v D¨-cn-¨p-sIm-­m-WtÃm t]mIp-¶-Xv.
GXap Ghm-l-a-`y-Km-knjw Xkvam
·a-Xz-tatIm f koXnl Iujn-XInx
]p{X-ap-hmN; {]mWmw kvXzw `qam\
a`n-Km-b-XmZv _lthm sshta `hnjy´o-Xn.
Cu {]W-\m- Ip¶ DZm- Ko- Y- s¯- ¯s¶ Rm³ A`n-Km\w
sNbvXp. AXn- \m F\n¡v \o Hcp- h³ am{Xsa DÅp F¶v,
Ipjo-X-Isâ ]p{X-t\mSp Rm³ ]dªp. F\n¡p hfsc
]p{X- ·mÀ D­m-Is« F¶pÅ A`n-{]m-b-t¯mSp IqSn, \o
_lp-Xz-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb DZvKo-Ys¯ {]mW-§-fmbn A`n-
Km\w sN¿q.
AY-Je - p, b DZvKoYx k {]Wthmbx {]Whx
k DZvKoY CXn tlmXrj Z\mss²hm]n
Zpcp-ZvKoX a\p kam-lc Xo Xy\p kam-l-c-XoXn
DZvKoYw GtXm AXv {]W-h-am-Ip-¶p. {]Whw GtXm
AXv DZvKo- Y-am- Ip- ¶p.- tlm-Xm- hnsâ Øm\¯p \n¶v, sXämb
DZvKoYw Xncp-¯n, icn-bm-¡m-sa¶v XoÀ¨-bm-W.v
Bdmw JÞw
Cbta hÀ¤ánx kma; XtZ XtZ-Xky arNy
[yqUw kma; Xkvam-Zr-Ny-[ypVw kma-Ko-btX;
Cb-ta-h -km-á n-c- a-kvX-X-kma
Cu hrYzn E¡m-Ip-¶p. Aán kma-am-Ip-¶p. A§n-s\-
bpÅ Cu kmaw, Cu hrYn-hn-bm-Ip¶ E¡nÂ, D]-cn-`m-h-
¯n Ccn-¡p-¶-Xm-bn, Km\w sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p. Cu hrYnhn
km F¶ A£-c-am-Ip-¶p. Aán Aa-bm-Ip-¶p. hrYn-
hnbpw Aánbpw tNÀ¶Xv kma-am-Ip-¶p.
A´-co£ ahÀKzmbpx kma; XtZX tZXkym
ar Ny [yqVw kma; Xkvam ZrNy [yqVw
kma-Koþ
btX; A´-co-£-tah km hmbp-c-aþ
kvXXv kma.
N P
A´-co£w E¡m-Ip-¶p. hmbp kma-am-Ip-¶p. A§n- K
s\-bpÅ Cu kmaw, Cu E¡n A[yp-V-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-
\m kmaw E¡n A[yp-V-ambn Km\w sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p.
A´-co£w ""km'' F¶ A£-c-am-Ip-¶p. A´-co-£hpw
hmbphpw tNÀ¶Xv kma- am-Ip-¶p.
Zutc hÀ¤m-ZnXyx kma; XtZX tZXkym
ar Ny [yqVw kma, Xkvam ZrNy [yqVw
kma-Ko-b-tX, Zyutc-hkm ZntXym f
akvXXv kma.
tZymhv E¡m-Ip-¶p. AZn-Xy³ kma-am-Ip-¶p. A§n-s\-
bpÅ Cu kmaw, Cu E¡nsâ tase-bmbn ØnXn sN¿p-
¶p. AXp-sIm­p kmaw E¡n A[yq-V-ambn Km\w sN¿-
s¸-Sp-¶p. tZymhp ""km'' F¶ A£-c-am-Ip-¶p. BZn-Xy³
""Ba'' F¶ A£-c-am-Ip-¶p. tZymhpw BZn-Xy\pw IqSn-bXv
kma-am- Ip-¶ p.
\£-{Xm-tWy-hÀIv N{µam: kma
XtZ XtZ Xkym ar Ny [yqVw kma
Xkvam ZrNy
[yqVw kma KobtX; \£-{Xm-tWy-h-kmN
{µam Aa-kvXÂ kma
A[yqV þ kar-²n-bp-Å, Ib-dp¶
\£-{X-§Ä E¡m-Ip-¶p. N{µ³ kma-am-Ip-¶p. A§n-
s\-bpÅ Cu kmaw, Cu E¡nsâ tase-bmbn ØnXn
sN¿p-¶p. AXn-\m kmaw E¡n A[yq-V-ambn Km\w
sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p. \£-{X-§Ä ""km'' F¶ A£-c-am-Ip-¶p.
\£-{X- §fpw N{µ\pw IqSn-bXv kma-am-Ip-¶p.
AYb tZXZm ZnXy-ky-iq¢w `mx sskhÀ KY
b¶oew ]cx IrjvWw XXv kma; XtZ XtZ
Xkym arNy [yqVw kma; Xkvam ZrNy
[yqVw kma-Ko-btX; AY-btZ sshXZm
ZnXyky ip¢w `x sskhkm f Yb-¶oew
]cw IrjvWw XZ akvXXv kma.
AXp-t]mse BZn-Xysâ ip¢-amb Zzo]vXn E¡m-Ip-¶p.
\oe-ambn Gähpw \¶mbn ImWp¶ Idp¸v GtXm AXv
kma-am-Ip-¶p. A§n-s\-bpÅ kmaw, Cu E¡n AXyp-
V-am-Ip-¶p. AXp-sIm­v kmaw E¡n AXyp-V-ambn
Km\w sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p. C\n BZn-Xysâ ip²-amb Zo]vXn
GXmtWm AXv ""km'' F¶ A£-c-am-Ip-¶p. \oe-ambn
AXn-i-b-I-c-am-bpÅ ""IrjvW-hÀ®w'' GtXm AXv ""Aa''
F¶ i_vZ-am-Ip-¶p. ip¢-amb Zo]vXnbpw \oe-amb Idp¸pw
tNÀ¶Xv kma-am-Ip-¶p.
AYb Gtjm f ´cm-ZntXy lnc-×bx
]pcptjm ZriytX lnc-Wyiva {ipÀln-cWy
 197
I tIi B {]W-JmXv kˮ Gh kph˨x
Xky-bYm I]ymkw ]pÞ-co-I-tah a£n-Wo,
Xtkym-ZnXn \ma, k Gj kÀtÆ`yx ]m]va`y
DZnXx DtZXn l ssh kÀtÆ`yx ]m]vaþ
t`ymb Ghw thZ
BZn-Xysâ a²y-¯nÂ, lnc-×- b-\m-b, bmsXmcp ]pcp-
js\ ImWp-¶p-t­m, Ah³ lnc-Wym-iva-{ip-hpw, lnc-Wy-
tI-i- \pw, \hm{Kw apXÂ apgp-h\pw kphÀ®-\p-am-Ip-¶p.
Ahsâ A£n-IÄ, I]n-bpsS ]rã-¯nsâ Xmsg Aäw
t]mse-bm-Ip-¶p. Xma-c-¸qhv F§n-s\-tbm, A§n-s\-bm-Ip-
¶p. Ahsâ \maw Ds¯ F¶m- Ip-¶p. A§n- s\-bpÅ Cu
tZh³ FÃm ]m]- §- fn \n¶pw DbÀ¶- h- \m- Ip- ¶p. bmsXm-
cp-h³ C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Ah³ FÃm hn[ ]m]-
§-fn \n¶pw Db-cp-¶p.
XkyÀIv N kma N tKjvWu Xkvam-Zp-Zn-KoY
kvXkvamt¯z thmZvKm ssXX-ky-ln-KmXm
k Gj tb Nmap-jvaXv ]cm-t©mtem
ImkvtXjmw tNtã tZh-Im-am\mw tN
Xy[n ssZhXw
Ah\v E¡pw, kma-hpw, ap«p-I-fm-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m B
tZh³ DZvKo-Y-sa¶p ]d-bs - ¸-Sp-¶ p. AXp-sIm-­ p-Xs¶
Ds¯¶ \ma-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb Cu tZhsâ KmXmhv D¯ns\
Km\w sN¿p- ¶-h-\m- Ip-¶p. A§n- s\-bpÅ Ds¯- ¶p-t]-tcm-
Sp-Iq- Snb Cu tZh³, BZn- Xy\p taepÅ temI-§Ä bmsXm-
¶m-tWm, Ah-¡pw, tZh-Im-a-§Ä¡pw Cui-\m-Ip-¶p.
Ggmw JÞw
hm tKhÀIv {]mWx kma; XtZ XtZ Xkym
arNyp [yqVw kma; Xkvam ZrNy [yqVw
kma-Ko-b-tX,
hmtK-hkm; {]mtWmax XÕma
C\n A[ym-ß- amb kzcq]w ]d-bp-¶p. hm¡v E¡m-Ip-
¶p. {]mW³ kma-am-Ip-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ Cu kmaw Cu
E¡n\p taem-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXp-sIm­p kmaw E¡n\v
taembn Km\w sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p. hm¡v ""km'' F¶ A£-c-
am-Ip-¶p. {]mW³ ""Aa'' F¶pÅ i_vZ-am-Ip-¶p. hm¡pw
{]mW\pw IqSn-bXv kma-am-Ip-¶p.
N£p-tc-h³ Kmßm-kma; XtZ XtZ Xky-arNy
[ypVw kma; Xkvam Zr Ny [yqVw
kma KobtX;
N£ptc hkm ff ß f akvXXv kma
N£pÊv E¡m-Ip-¶p. Bßmhv kma-am-Ip-¶p. A§n-
s\-bpÅ Cu kmaw E¡nsâ taem-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\mÂ
N P
kmaw E¡n A[yq- V-ambn Km\w sN¿- s¸- Sp- ¶p. N£pÊv K
"km' F¶ A£-c-am-Ip-¶p. Bßmhv "Aa' F¶ i_vZ-am-
Ip-¶p. N£pÊpw Bßmhpw tNÀ¶Xv kma-am-Ip-¶p.
t{im{X-ta-hˤv a\x kma; XtZ
XtZ-kym-ar-Ny-[yqVw kma; Xkvam-ZrNy
[ypVw kma-Ko-btX; t{im{X-ta-hkm
at\m f akvXXv kma.
t{im{Xw E¡m-Ip-¶p. a\Êv kma-am-Ip-¶p. A§n-s\-
bpÅ kmaw Cu E¡nsâ taem-Ip-¶p. AXp-sIm­v kmaw
E¡n A[yq-V-am- Ibn Km\w sN¿- s¸- Sp-¶p. t{im{Xw "km'
F¶ A£-c-am-Ip-¶p. t{im{Xhpw a\Êpw IqSn-bXv kma-
am-Ip-¶p.
AY btZ-X-Z£vWx ip¢w `x sskhÀ
KY-b-¶oew ]cw IrjvWw XXv kma;
XtZ XtZ Xkym arNy [yqVw kma
Xkvam-ZrNy
[yqVx kma-Ko-btX; AY-b-tZ-sshX
Z£vWx ip¢w `mx sskhkm f Yb-¶oþ
ew ]cx IrjvWw XZ-a-kvXXv kma.
AXp-t]mse A£n-bpsS Cu ip¢-amb Zzo]vXn GtXm
AXv E¡m-Ip-¶p. \o-e-ambpw Gähpw IrjvW-am-bp-ÅXv
GtXm AXv kma-am-Ip-¶p. A§n-s\-bpÅ Cu kmaw Cu
E¡n A[yq-V -am-b n-c n-¡p-¶p. AXp-sIm­p kmaw
E¡n\v taem-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. kmaw E¡n\p taembn Km\w
sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p. C\n A£n-bpsS Cu ip¢-amb Zo]vXn
GtXm AXv "km' F¶-Xm-Ip-¶p. \o-e-ambpw Gähpw
IrjvW-am-bp-ÅXpw GtXm AXv "Aa' F¶ i_vZ-am-Ip-
¶p. AXv ip¢hpw Irjvahpw Bb Zo]vXn-IÄ IqSnb kma-
am-Ip-¶p.
AYb Gtjm f ´c-£nWn
]pcptjm ZriytX sskhÀIv XÕm-a,
XZp-IvYw, XZy PqkvXZv {_Ò Xssky
Xky XtZh cq]w bZ-ap-jy-cq-]w,
bmh-ap-jy, tKjvWu-Xu-tK-jvWu, b¶m-aX
¶ma.
I®n-\p-Ån GXp ]pcp-j-\mtWm ImW- s¸-Sp-¶Xv AXv
E¡m-Ip-¶p. AXv kma-am-Ip-¶p. AXv DIvY-am-Ip-¶p. AXv
bPq-Êm-Ip-¶p, AXv {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p, AXv aq¶p thZ-§fpw
BIp-¶p. Ah-sâ, B BZnXy ]pcp-jsâ cq]w GtXm,
AXp Xs¶ Cu Nm£p-j-tâbpw cq]-am-Ip-¶p. BZn-Xy-]p-
cp-jsâ ]ÀÆ-§Ä Gh-bmtWm Ah Ch-tâbpw tKj-W-
§- fm-Ip- ¶p. BZn-Xy-]p- cp-jsâ \ma- ta- tXm, AXv Cu Nm£p-
jsâ \ma-am-Ip-¶p.
Nm£pjw þ Bdm-as¯ a\p
 198
I k Gj tb ssNX kvamZÀhm-t©m-temIm
kvtXjmw tNtã, a\p-jy-Im-am\mw tNXn,
XZy Cta hoWmbmw Kmb-t´yXw tX
Kmb´n Xkvamt¯ [\-k-\bx
C§-s \-b pÅ Cu Nm£p-j-\ mb ]pcp-j ³, Cu
A²ym-ßn-I-amb Bßm-hn \n¶v, C¸p-d-apÅ temI-§Ä
GXmtWm Ahbv¡pw a\pjyIma-§Ä¡pw Cui-\m-Ip-
¶p. AXn-\mÂ, GXp Kmb-I³ hoW-bn Km\w sN¿p-
¶pthm Ah³ Chs\ Km\w sN¿p- ¶p. AXn-\m Ah³,
[\-hm-\m-Ip-¶p.
AYb GX-tZhw hnZym³ kma-Kmb
Xyp`u kKm-bXn; tkm f apss\h k
Gj tbNm apjvamXv ]cmt©m tem
ImkvXmw Ým f ]vt\mXn tZh-Im-amw-Ý.
B ime-hmsâ ]p{X³ ine-I³ NnIn-Xm- b\ ]p{X-\mb
bmsXm-cp-¯³ C{]-Im-c-a-dn-ªp-sIm-­v, kmaw Km\w Zmev`y-t\mSv ]d-ªp. ""A§v A\p-h-Zn-¡p¶ ]£w A§-
sN¿p- ¶p- thm, Ah³ B BZn-Xy-\n IqSn BZn-Xy-\n-epÅ tbmSv Rm³ tNmZn-¡mw.'' CXp tI«v atä-bmÄ ""tNmZn¨p
tZh-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶n-«v, Ah-\n \n¶v taepÅ temI-§Ä sImÅpI'' F¶p-¯cw ]d-ªp.
GtXm Ah-tb-bpw, tZh-Im-a-§-tfbpw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
AYmt\ ss\h tb ssNX-kvam-ZÀht©m
temIkvXmw Ým ff ]vt\mXn a\p-jy-Im-amwÝ
XkvamZp sslhw hnZp-ZvKmXm {_qbm-Xv.
Iw tX Ima amKm-bm-\oXn; Gj-tlyh
Imam-Km-\-tky-tãb Ghw hnZzm³
kma-Km-bXn kma-Km-bXn
AXp-t]mse Cu Nm£p-j-\n IqSn, Ch-\n \n¶pw
A¸p-d-apÅ temI-§Ä Fh-bmtWm Ah-bpw, a\p-jy-Im-
a-§sf {]m]n-¡p¶p. AXn-\m C{]-Im-c-a-dn-bp¶h\mb
DZvKm-Xmhv tNmZn-¡p-¶p. ""\n\¡v GXp Imas¯ Rm³
BKm\w sN¿Ww?'' Fs´-¶m bmsXm-cp-¯³ Cu
{]Im- c-a-dnªp kmaw Km\w sN¿p- ¶pthm Ah³ Ima-§sf
B Km\w sN¿p-¶-Xn-\v, Cui-\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p.
F«mw JÞw
{Xtbm tlmZv KotY Ipiem _`qhpx ineIx
imem-h-Xy, ssÝIn-Xm-bt\m Zmev`yx,
{]hm-ltWm ssPh-en-cnXn tXmtlmNp
cpZvKKIotY ssh Ipiex kvtam lt´mZv
KotY IYmw hZma CXn.
iem-hmsâ ]p{X-\mb ine-I³, NnIn-Xm-b-\sâ ]p{X-
\mb `mev`y³, Poh-esâ ]p{X-\mb {]hm-l-W³, C§s\
aq¶p-t]À DZvKo-Y-¯n Ipi-e-·m-cm-bn-«p-­ m-bn-cp-¶ p.
AhÀ ]dªp \mw DZvKo-Y-¯n Ipi-e-·m-sc¶p {]kn-²-
N P
cm-WsÃm? \n§Ä A\p-h-Zn-¡p¶ ]£w, \ap¡v DZvKo- K
Ys¯ kw_-Ôn¨v Nn´n-¡mw.
XtYXn l kap-]-hn-hnipx k l
{]hm-ltWm ssPh-en-cp-hmN þ `mK-h´m
ht{i-h-ZXmw; {_mÒ-W -tbmÀÆ-ZtXm
ÀhmNw t{imjym-anXn
A§n-s\-bm- Is« F¶v ]dªv AhÀ Ccp- ¶p. B Poh-
e-]p-{X-\mb {]hm-lW
- ³ ]d-ªp. `K-h·
- mÀ BZyw hZn-
¨mepw. hmZn-¡p¶ {_mÒ-W- cmb \n§-fpsS hm¡p Rm³
tIÄ¡mw.
k l ineIx imem-h-Xy-ssÝ-InXm
b\w Zmev`y aphmN l´ Xzm
_rÑm-\o-Xn, ]rtÑXn tlm hmN
Imkmavt\m KXn-cnXn kzc-C-XntlmhmN
kzc-ky-Im-K-Xn-cn-Xn, {]mW CXn-tlm-hmN
{]mW-kyIm KXn-cn-Xn, A¶-anXn tlm hmN
A¶ky Im KXn-cnXn B] CXn-tlm-hm-N
kma-¯n\v B{ibw F´mWv? F¶v ine-I³ tNmZn-
¨p. Zmev`y³ kma-¯n\p KXn kzc-am-sW¶v D¯cw ]d-
ªp. kzc-¯n\p KXn F´m-sW¶v tNmZn-¨p. {]mW³
F¶p-¯cw ]d-ªp. {]mW-\p- KXn F´mWv F¶p tNmZn-
¨p. A¶-sa-¶p-¯cw ]d-ªp. A¶-¯n\p KXn F´m-
sW¶v tNmZn-¨p. AXn\v A¸p-IÄ F¶v D¯cw ]d-ªp.
A¶- ap-­m-Ip-¶-X,v A¸p-IÄ \nan-¯-am-WtÃm?
A]mw Im KXn-cnXn; Aku-temI CXn
tlmhmN Aap-jy-tem-I-kyIm KXn-cnXn;
\ kzÀ¤w temI-a-Xn-\tb ZnXn tlmhmN;
kzÀKw hbw temIw kmam-`n-kw-Øm-]-bmax,
kzÀK kwkvXmhw ln kma CXn.
A¸p-IÄ¡v F´mWv KXn-sb¶p tNmZn-¨p. At§-
temIw F¶p ]d-ªp. At§-tem-I¯ - n\v F´mWp KXn
F¶p tNmZn-¨p. Zmev`y³ AXn-\p-¯cw ]d-ªp. kzÀ¤-am-
Ip¶ temIw IS-¯n-sIm­p t]mI-bnà F¶m-Wv. AXn-
\m \½Ä kmas¯ kzÀ¤-tem-I¯ - n A`n-kw-Øm-]n-
¡mw. kmaw kzÀ¤-sa¶ \ne-bn kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xm-W.v
Xw l ineIx ime-h-Xy-ssÝ-In-Xm-b\w
Zmev`y aphmNx A{]-Xn-ãnXw Ine tX
Zmev`y-kma; bkvtXz-XÀln {_qbm³ aq
À²mtX hn]n-Xn-jy-co-Xn, aqÀ²mtX hn]tX ZnXn.
 199

I C{]-Imcw ]dª NnIn-Xm-b-\-]p-{X-\mb Zmev`y-t\mSv {]Xn-jvT-am-Ip-¶p. aq¶p Ime- ¯n-epw, `qX-§-fsS K

p D¸¯n
imem-h-Xy-\mb ine-I³ ]dªp: AÃtbm Zmev`y, \nsâ ØnXn-e-b-§Ä BIm-i- ¯n-em-Ip-¶p.
A`n-{]m-b-¯n kmaw A{]-Xn-ãn-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Bsc-
k Gj ]tcm-hco bm\p-ZvKoYx k Gtjm
¦nepw Hcp-h³ Ct¸mÄ \nsâ aqÀ²mhv hn]-Xn¡pw F¶v
]d-Ib- m-sW-¦n \nsâ aqÀ²mhv hn]-Xn-¡ptam?'' \´x, ]c-h-cotbm lmky `hXn; ]tcm
hco-btkm l temIm³ PbXn b GX
l´m lta-XZv `K-htXm thZm-\nXn; hn²nXn
tahw hnZzm³ ]tcm-h-co-bmw-ka
- p-ZvKoY
tlmhmN Aapjy temIky ImK-Xn-cnXn; \{]
ap]mkvtX
Xnãmw temI-a-Xn-\tb ZnXn-tlm-hmN
A§-s\-bpÅ Cu DZvKoYw ]c\pw ]tcm-h-co-b-\p-am-
{]Xnãmw hbw temIw kmam-`n-kw-Øm-]-bmax
Ip-¶p. A§n-s\-bpÅ Cu DZvKoYw A\-´-am-Ip-¶p. Bcv
{]Xnãm kwkvXm-hwln kmtaXn C{]-Im-c-a-dnªv ]tcm-h-co-b-\mb Cu DZvKo-Ys¯ D]m-kn-
A§v A\p- h-Zn-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n CXv Rm³ ]qPy-\mb ¡p-¶pthm Ah\p D¯-tcm-¯cw hnin-ã-X-c-amb Poh\w
At§- bpsS ASp-¡Â \n¶v Adn-bp-hm³ B{K- ln-¡p¶p D­m-Ip- ¶p. Ah³ D¯-tcm-¯cw hnin- ã- X- c- §- fmb temI-
F¶v Zmev`y³ ]d-ªp. Adn- ªp-sIm-ÅpI F¶v ine-I³ §Ä Pbn-¡p-¶p.
D¯-chpw ]d-ªp. At§ temI¯n-\p -KXn F´mWv? Xw ssl XaXn[\zm iu\I DZc imÞn
F¶p tNmZn¨p. Cu temIw F¶v D¯cw ]d-ªp. {]Xn-
eymtbm-tàzm-hmN þþ bmhXv X G\w
jvT-bmb Cu temIs¯ IS- ¯n-sIm-­p-t]m- I-bn- Ã. F¶pw
D¯cw ]d- ªp. \ap¡pw kmaw {]Xn-jT v -amb temI- ¯n {]Pmbm apZvKoYw thZn-jy-t´, ]tcm-hco
A`n-kw-Øm-]n-¡mw. Fs´-¶m kmaw {]Xn-jvT-bmbn tbm ssl`y-kvXm-h-Z-kvan³ tÃmI Poh\w
kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xm-W-tÃm. `hn-jy-X n.
Xwl {]hm-ltWm ssPh-en-cp-hm-N, A§n-s\-bpÅ Cu DZvKo-Ys¯ ip\Isâ ]p{X- \mb
A´h ssZzIn-etX imem-h-Xy, kma, AXn [\zmhv DZ-c-im-Þn- ey\v ]dªp sImSp-¯n«v ]d- ªp.
\nsâ k´-Xn-I-fn bmsXm-cp-¯³ Ah-km\w hsc Cu
bkvtXz XÀln {_qbm-·pÀ²tX hn]-Xnjy
DZvKoYw Adn-bp-tam, Ah³ hsc¡pw Ch temI-¯nÂ
XoXn aqÀ²mtX hn]tX ZnXn l´ml D¯-tcm-¯cw hnin-ã-amb Poh\w e`n-¡p-¶-Xm-W.v
taXXv `htXm thZm-\oXn hn²oXn tlmhmN
XYm apjvan³ temICXn kb GX-tahw
Ah-t\mSv Poh-e-] p-{X-\mb {]hm-l-W³ ]d-ªp. hnZzm-\p-]mkvtX ]tcm-h-cob Gh
AÃtbm imem-h-Xym, \nsâ A`n-{]m-b-¯n kmaw A´- lmkym-k va n³
ap- Å-Xm-WtÃm? Bsc- ¦nepw \nsâ aqÀ²mhv hn]- Xn- ¡p- sa¶v
temtI Poh\w `hXn XYm f apjvan³ temtI
Cu kµÀ`-¯n ]d-bp¶ ]£w \nsâ aqÀ²mhv hn]-Xn-
¡ptam? Ahn-Ss¯ A\p-hm- Z-apÅ ]£w Rm³ CXv am\y- temI CXn temtI temI CXn
\mb Ahn-Ss¯ ASp-¡Â \n¶v Adn-bp-hm³ B{K-ln- AXp-t]mse ]c-tem-I-¯n ]tcm-h-co-b-amb temIw
¡p¶p F¶v ine-I³ ]d-ªp. AXn\v Adn-ªp-sImÄI kn²n-¡pw. imÞn-ey-t\mSv iu\-I³ ]d-ªp. Bcv C{]-
F¶v {]hm-l-W³ D¯cw ]d-ªp. Im- c-a-dnªv DZvKoYw D]m-kn-¡p-¶p- thm, Ah\p Cu temI-
¯n D¯-tcm-¯cw hnin-ã-X-c-am-bn-¯- t¶-bpÅ Poh\w
D­m-Ip-¶p. A{]-Imcw ]c-tem-I-¯n temIw kn²n-¡p-
H³]Xmw JÞw ¶p. temtI-temI CXn F¶p c­p {]mhiyw ]d-ªn-cn-
Aky-tem-Iky Im KXn-cnXn; BImi CXn ¡p-¶Xv DZvKo-tYm-]m-k\w kam-]X v -ambn F¶p ImWn-¡p-
tlmhm-N, kÀhmWn lhm Cam\n `qXm\ym ¶- X n- \ m- W.v
Imim-tZh kapÂ]-Zyt´; BImiw {]
XykvXw b´n; BIm-tim-tlym-ssh-t`ymPym ]¯mw JÞw
bm³; BImix ]cm-bWw aS Nol-tXjp Ipcp-jzm-SnIym kl-Pmb
Cu temI-¯n\v KXn Fs´¶p tNmZn-¨p. BIm-i- tbmj-kvXnÀl Nm{Im-bW C`y-{Kmta
sa¶p ]d-ªp. Cu `qX-§-sfÃmw BIm-i- ¯p-\n-¶p-Xs¶ {]m {ZmWI Dhm-k.
D­m-Ip-¶p. BIm-i- ¯n AkvX-an-¡p-¶p. BImiw Cu
Ipcp-tZ-i-¯pÅ kky-§Ä CSn-¯o- sIm­p \in-¸n-¡-
`qX-§sf FÃm-¯n-t\bpw ImÄ al-¯-c-am-W.v BImiw
s¸-«-t¸mÄ C`y-{Km- a- ¯n N{Isâ ]p{X- \mb DjkvXn F¶

N P
 200
I BÄ kv{Xoe-£-W-§Ä apgp-h³ h¶p XnI-ªn-«n-Ãm¯
`mcy-tbmSp IqSn, A¶w e`n-¡m-bvI-bm Iã-Øn-Xn-bn-
embn¡gn-ªp-h- ¶p.
kwtl`yw Ipevam-jm³ JmZ´w _n`n-t£Xw
tlmhmN:þ t\tXm f t\y hnZyt´; b¨a
Ca D]-\n-lnXm CXn.
Ah³ IpÕn-X-§-fmb amj-§sf `£n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-
¡p¶ C`y-t\mSv `n£ tNmZn-¨p. Dj-kvXn-tbmSv C`y³ ]d-
ªp. Fsâ ASp-¡Â ]m{X-¯n-en-«n-«pÅ Cu Ipevam-j-
§Ä (Hcp hI [m\yw) Gh-bmtWm Ah-b-ÃmsX thsd
CÃ. Rm³ F´mWp sN¿pI?
GtXjmw tatZ-lnXn tlmhmN; Xm\kvssa
{]Z-sZu; l´m\p ]m\-anXn; DÑnãw
sshta ]oXw kymZnXn tlmhmN
C`y³ ]d-ª- Xp-tI«v Ch F\n¡p Xcq F¶v DjkvXn
]d-ªp. Ah Dj-kvXn¡v sImSp-¯p. A\-´cw ASp-¯n-
cn-¡p¶ Pew Nq­n CXm A\p- ]m\w F¶v C`y³ ]d-ªp.
Rm³ IpSn-¡p-¶Xv DÑn-jT v -am-bn-cn-¡p-atÃm F¶ DjkvXn
]d-ªp.
\ kzntZtX ]pÑnãm CXn \hm A
Pohn-jy-an-am\ JmZ-¶nXn tlmhmN
Imtama DZI ]m\-anXn
Cu Ipevam-j-§fpw DÑn-ã-§-fmtWm C`y³ tNmZn-¨p.
Cu Ipevam-j-§Ä `£- C- ¡m-Xn-cp- ¶m Rm³ Pohn-¡-bnÃ
F¶p shÅw IpSn-¡p-¶Xv Fsâ Cã-amWv F¶pw
DjkvXn ]d-ªp.
k l JmZnXzm f Xnti-jm³ Pmbmbm
BP lmc; km f {KX Gh kp`n-£m-_-`qh;
Xm³ {]Xn-Krly \nZ[u
Ah³ `£n-¨n-«v, an¨-apÅ Ipjva-j-§sf `mcy¡v
sIm­p-sN¶p sImSp-¯p. AhÄ¡p AXn\p ap³]m-bn-
¯s¶ \à `n£ e`n-¨n-cp-¶p. AXn-\m Dj-kX v n-sIm-­p-
sN¶ Ipjvam-j§
- sf hm§n, kq£n-¨p-h¨ - p.
k l {]mXx kwPn-lm\ DhmN: bZv
_Xm-¶-ky-et- `-a-ln, et`-a-ln-[\
am{Xmw; cmPm f kub-£-tX, kam
kÀssh cmÀ¯n-ssPÀ hrWo-tX-Xn.
DjkvXn cmhnse \n{Z shSn-ª-t¸mÄ ]d-ªp. F´p
sN¿mw? Aev]w A¶w \ap¡p e`n-s¨-¦nÂ, Aev]w [\w
\ap¡v In«p-am-bn-cp-¶p. CXm cmPmhv bmKw sN¿p-hm³
t]mIp-¶p. Ah³ FÃm-h-Ibpw e`n-¡p¶ EXzn-¡p-If - psS
IÀ½-§Ä¡mbn Fs¶ hcn-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶p.
N P
Xw Pmtbm hmNxþ l´! ]X Ca Gh K
Ipevamjm CXn; Xm³ JmZnXzm f apw bÚw
hnX-X -ta-bmb
Dj-kvXn-tbmSv `mcy ]dªp: `À¯mth A§n-s\-bm-
sW- ¦n Cu Ipevam- j- §Ä Xs¶bp­- tÃm. DjkvXn Ah
`£n-¨n«v hnkvXm-c-apÅ B bÚs¯ {]m]n-¨p.
Xt{Xm-Zv-KmXr \mkvXm thkvtXmjy-am-W\
- pt]m
hhn-thi kl {]-kvtXm-Xmc aphmN
(A-h³) bmK-Ø-e¯v sN¶p. kvXpXn-¡p¶ Øe-
amb BkvXm-h-¯n kvXpXn-¡p-hm³ t]mIp¶ DZvKm-Xm-
¡-fmb Bfp-If
- psS ASp-¡Â Ccp-¶p. Ah³ {]kvXm-hn-
t\mSp ]dªp
{]kvtXm XÀ¿m tZhXm {]-kvXm-h-a\zm
b¯m Xmw tNZ hnZzm³ {]kvtX
jykn aqÀ²mtX hn]-Xn-jy-Xo-Xn.
{]kvtXm-Xmth! GXp tZh-X-bmtWm {]kvXm-h-¯nÂ
A\p-K-X-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶- Xv, AXv Adn-bmsX \o {]Øm-hn-¡p-
hm³ t]mhp-I-bm-sW-¦nÂ, \nsâ aqÀ²mhv hoWp-t]mhpw
F¶v ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p.
Ghta thmZvKm-c-ap-hmN þþ DZvKm-XÀ¿w tZhtXm
ZvKoY a\zm-b-¯m, XmwtNZ hnZzm-\p-ZvKmky
kn aqÀ²mtX hn]-Xn-jy-XoXn
Gh-tah {]Xn-lÀ¯mc aphmN þþ {]Xn
lÀ¯À¿m tZhXm {]Xn-lmc a\zm-b-¯m,
Xmw tNZ-hn-Zzm³ {]Xn-l-cn-jykn aqÀ²m-tX,
hn]-Xn-jy-XoXn tXl kam-cXm kvXpjvWo
amkmw N{Intc
DZvKm-Xm-hn-t\mSv C§s\ ]dªp: DXvKm-Xmth GXp
tZh-X-bmtWm DZvKo-Y-¯n A\p-K-X- bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv B
tZh-Xtb Adn-bmsX \o ZvKo\w sN¿m³ t]mhp-I-bm-sW-
¦n \nsâ aqÀ²mhv hn]-Xn¡pw C§ns\ {]Xn-lÀ¯m-
hn-t\mSp ]d- ªp. {]Xn- lÀ¯mth GXp tZh- X-bmtWm {]Xn-
lm-c¯- n A\p-K-X-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv, B tZh-Xsb Adn-
bm-sX, \o {]Xn-l-cn-¡p-hm³ t]mIp-I-bm-sW-¦nÂ, \nsâ
aqÀ²mhv hn]-Xn-¡pw. AhÀ IÀ½- §-fn \n¶p-a-S-§n-b-
h-cm-bn«v Nm{I-b-Hm-W-¶-`n-ap-J-am-bn«v an­m-sX-bn-cp-¶p.
]Xn- s \m¶mw JÞw
AY ssl\w bP-am\ DhmN:-þ `K-h´w
hm Alw hn hnZn-jmWn Xn Dj-kvXn-ckvan
Nm{Im-bW CXn-tlm-hm-N.
Dj-kvXn- tbmSv bmKw sN¿p¶ cmPmhv ]dªp `K- hmt\
Rm³ Adn- bp- ¶- Xn-\m-{K- ln- ¡p- ¶p. Rm³ N{Isâ ]p{X- \mb

I Dj-kvXn-bm-Ip-¶p. F¶v Nm{Im-b-W³ D¯cw ]d-ªp.
ktlm-hmN:þ `K-h´w hm Al-ta`nx
kÀssÆ-cmÀ¯zn ssPyx Àss¿jnjw, `K
htXmhm Al-a-hn¯ym f \y\-hr-jn.
`Khmw kvtXzhta kÀssÆ-cmÀ¯zn ssPycnXn
XtY-Xn. AY-XÀtlyX Gh ka-Xn-krãm:
kvX phXmw bmh-t¯-t`ym-[\w
ZZym-kvXm-h-·-a-ZZym
CXn. XtY Xnl-b-P-am\ DhmN
bP-am-\³ ]dªp:þ Rm³ Cu FÃm EXzn-¡p-I-fpsS
IÀ½-§Ä¡m-bpw, `K-hms\ At\z-jn-¨p. `K-hms\ In«m-
¯-Xp-sIm-­mWv Rm³ thsd Bfp-Isf hcn-¨-Xv. Fsâ
FÃm EXzn-IÀ½-§Ä¡pw C\n `K- hm³ Xs¶ thWw. A{]-
Imcw BIs« F¶v DjkvXn k½-Xn-¨p. A§-s\-bm-sW-
¦n A§p-apt¼ hcn-¨n-«p-Å-h-sc-¯-s¶, F¶m A\p-
h-Zn-¡-s¸-«-h-cm-bn«v kvXpXn-¡-s«. AhÀ¡v F{X-[\w \o
sImSp-¡p-¶pthm A{Xbpw F\n¡pw Xc-Ww. A§n-s\-
bm-Is« F¶v bP-am-\³ ]d-ªp.
AY ssl\w {]kvtXm-tXm-]-k-km-Z-{]kvtXm
XÀ¿m-tZ-hXmw {]kvXm-h-a-\zm-b-¯mXmw tNZ
hnZzm³ {]kvtXm-jykn; aÀ²ntX hnÀ]-Xn-jyXn
Xnam `K-hm-\-thm-NXv IXam km tZhXm
CXn.
ho­p {]kvtXm-Xmhv Dj-kX v nsb hn\-b-t¯mSp IqSn
D]-K-an-¨p. {]kvtXm-Xmth GXp tZh-X-bmtWm {]kvXm-h-`-
àn-bn A\p-K-X-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv B tZh-Xsb Adn-bmsX
{]kvXm-hn-¡p-hm³ t]mhp-I-bm-sW-¦nÂ, \nsâ aqÀ²mhv
hn]-Xn-¡pw. F¶v Ft¶mSv `K-hm³ ]d-ªp-htÃm? B lÀ¯m-th, GXp tZh-X-bmtWm {]Xn-lm-c-¯n A\p-K-
tZhX GXmWv?
{]mW CXn tlmhmN þ kÀhmWn lhm Cam\n ¡-bm-sW-¦n \nsâ aqÀ²mhv hn]-Xn¡pw F¶v Ft¶mSv
`qXm\n {]mW-ta-hm-`n-kw-hn-i´n; {]mW-a`yp
ÖnltX; sskjm tZhXm {]kvXm-h
-a-\zm-b-¯m,
Xmw tNZ-hn-Zzm³ {]kvtXmtjym
aqÀ²mtX hy]þ
XnjyXv XtYm-à -ky-a-tb-Xn.
{]mW³ F¶p ]d-ªp. Cu `qX-§-sfÃmw {]mW-s\-
¯s¶ A`n-kw-th-in-¡p-¶p. {]mWs\ A`n-e-`n-¨n«v DZvK-
an-¡p-¶p. A§n-s\-bpÅ CXv {]kvXm-h`- -àn-bnÂ, A\p-
K-X-bmb tZh-Xsb Adn-bmsX \o {]kvXm-hn-¨n-cp-s¶-¦nÂ
A{]-Imcw ]d-b-s¸« \nsâ aqÀ²mhv hn]-Xn-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶p.
AY ssl\-ap-ZvKtXm ]k-kmZ þþ DZvKmX
À¿mtZ-h-tXm-XvKoY a\zm-b¯m Xmw tNZ-hnZzm
N P
201
\pZv Kmky-kn, aqÀ²mtX hn]-Xnjy XoXn K
am `K-hm-\thm NXv, IX-amkm tZhXm
CXn.
DZvKm-Xmhv Dj-kvXnsb hn\-b-t¯m-Sp-IqSn D]-K-an-¨p.
DZvKm-Xm-th, GXp tZh-X-bmtWm DZvKo-Y-¯n A\p-K-X-
bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv B tZh-Xsb Adn-bmsX \o DZvKm\w
sN¿p-Ib - m-sW-¦n \nsâ aqÀ²mhv hn]-Xn¡pw F¶v
Ft¶mSv `hm³ ]d-ªp-hÃ- tÃm. DZvKoY `àn-bn A\p-
K-X- bmb B tZhX GXmWv?
BZnXy CXn tlmhmN:þ kÀhmWn hm
Cam\n `qXm-\ym-ZnXy apss¨x k´w-Km-b´n;
sskjm tZh-tXm-XvKoY a\zm-b-¯m, Xmw
tNX hnZzm\p ZKm-tkym, aqÀ²mtX
hy]-Xn-jyXv
XtYm-à -k y- a-tb-X n.
BZn-Xy³ F¶p ]dªp Cu `qX-§-sfÃmw apI-fnÂ
ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ BZn-Xys\ Km\w sN¿p-¶p. DZvKo-Y-`-àn-
bn A\p-K-X-bmb tZhX CXm-Ip-¶p. B tZh-Xtb Adn-
bmsX \o DZvKm\w sNbvXn-cp¶p F¦n C{]-Imcw ]d-b-
s¸« \nsâ aqÀ²mhv ]Xn-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶p.
AY ssl\w {]Xn-lÀt¯m-h-k-kmZ:þ {]Xn
lÀ¯À¿m tZhXm {]Xn-lmc a\zm-b-¯m,
Xmw tNZ-hn-Zzm³ {]Xn-l-cn-jy-kn, aqÀ²m
tX hn]-Xn-jy-XoXn am `K-hm\ thmNXv;
IXam km tZhXm CXn.
A\-´cw {]Xn-lÀ¯mhv Dj-kX v ntb D]-k-Zn-¨p. {]Xn-
X- bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv, B tZh-Xtb Adn-bmsX \o {]Xn-l-cn-
`hm³ ]d-ªp-htÃm? B tZhX GXmW?
D]-kZv þþ ip{iq-jn-¡p-I, Acn-I-¯n-cn-¡p-I.
A¶-anXn tlmhmN; kÀhmWnl hm Cam\n
`qXm-\y-¶ -tah {]Xn-l-ca
- m-W m\n Poh´n
sskjm tZhXm {]Xn-lm-c-a-\zm-b¯m; Xmw tNZ
hnZzm³ {]Xy-lc
- n-tjym, aqÀ²mtX hy]-Xn-jyXv
XtYm-àky atb-Xn, XtYm-àk - y-a-tbXn
A¶- sa¶v ]dªp Cu `qX-§-sfÃmw A¶- s¯- Xs¶
{]Xn-l-cn-¨p-sIm­v Pohn-¡p-¶p. {]Xn-lm-c-`-àn-bn A\p-
K-X-bmb tZhX A¶-am-Ip-¶p. B tZh-Xsb Adn-bmsX
\o {]Xn-l-cn-¨n-cp¶p F¦n A{]-Imcw ]d-b-s¸« \nsâ
aqÀ²mhv ]Xn-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶p.
 202
I ]{´­mw JÞw
AYmXx iuh DZvKoYx X²-_tIm Zmevt`ym
¥mthm hm ssat{Xbx kzm[ymb apZz {]mP
C\n CXp apX izm¡-fm I­p-]n-Sn-¡-s¸« DZvKm-\-
amb kmaw ]d-bs - ¸-Sp-¶p. AXn ZÛsâ ]p{X-\m-b,
_It\m an{X-bpsS ]p{X-\mb ¥mht\m kzm[ymbw sN¿p-
¶-Xn-\mbn DZv{hPn-¨p. {Kma-¯n\p shfn-bn-epÅ hnP-\-Ø-
e-¯pÅ Pe-k-ao-]¯v F¯n-Im-¯n-cp-¶p.
Xkvssa iztizXx {]mZpÀ_-`qh; Xa-t\ym-izm\
D]-k-tatXym Np A¶w t\m `K-hm\m Kmb
Xzi-\m-b-ahm CXn.
B Ejn¡v shfp¯ \nd-apÅ izmhv {]Xy-£-am-bn.
AXnsâ ASp- ¡Â sN¶v aäp- izm- ¡Ä ]d-ªp. `K-hm- \mb
A§v R§Ä¡v A¶s¯ B Km\w sIm­p-­m-¡n-¯-
cq. R§Ä¡v hni-¡p-¶p.
Xm³ tlmhmN:þ Cssl-ham {]mX-cq-]-ka
- obm
tXXn X² _tIm Zmevt`ym ¥mthm hm
ssat{Xbx
{]Xn-]m-ebmw NImc
B, izm¡-tfmSv ]dªp cmhnse Chn-sS, Fsâ ASp-
¡Â hcp-hn³. AhnsS Zev`-]p- {X-\mb _It\m an{X-bpsS
]p{X-\mb ¥mht\m Im¯n- cp-¶p.
tX l bssY thl _ln-jv]-h-am-t\\
kvtXmjy-amWmx kwc_v[mx kÀ¸-´o-tXymh
amk-k r-]p- kvt\l kap-] -hn-iy-lnw-N{Ipx
F {]- I mcw IÀ½- ¯ n _ln- j v ] - h - a m- \ - s a¶
kvtXm{XwsIm­v kvXpXn-¡p-hm³ t]mIp-¶- hÀ At\ym\yw
tNÀ¶v h«- ¯n Npäpt¶m C{]- Imcw Biy-¡Ä h«-¯nÂ
Npän Ccp-¶n«v lnw F¶ i_vZw ]pd-s¸-Sp-hn-¨p.
Hm3 aZm3 tamw]n_m3 tamw3 tZth-h-cpWx
{]Pm-]Xnx khn-\m2 f ¶anlm2 ff lc-¶-]tXm
3f ¶-an-lm2 ff lcm 2 ff ltcm 3 anXn.
Hmw R§Ä `£n-¡p-am-dm-I-s«, Hmw R§Ä ]m\w
sN¿p- am-dm-Is«; Hmw tZymX\w sN¿p-¶-Xn-\m tZh\pw PK-
¯n\p hrãn \evIp-¶-Xn-\m hcp-W\pw {]P-Isf ]me\w
sN¿p-¶-Xn-\m {]Pm-]-Xn-bpw, kÀÆ-t¯bpw {]k-hn-¡p-
¶-Xn-\m khn-Xm-hpw, Bb BZn-Xy³ R§Ä¡v A¶w
Xc-s«. FÃm A¶-¯n\p ]Xn-bm-bn-«p-Å-ht\ ChnsS
R§Ä¡p A¶w Xcq. A¶s¯ Bl-cn¡ Hmw
]Xn-aq¶mw JÞw
(`-àn-hn-jb
- -amb D]m-k-\-amWm CXp-hsc ]d-ª-Xv.
N P
kma-¯nsâ asämcp `mK-amb kvtXmZm-£-c-§sf kw_- K
Ôn-¨-hbpw Hcp-an¨p Xs¶ A\p-jvTn-t¡-­-Xp-amb D]m-
k-\-§-sf-¸än C\n ]d-bp-¶p.)
Abw hmh-temtIm lm DImtcm hmbp
À lmC-Imw, Ý{µam Al-Imcx, Btß
lIm tcm f ánco-Imcx
""lmD'' F¶ i_vZw Cu temI-am-Ip-¶p. lmC F¶
i_vZw hmbp-hm-Ip¶p AY F¶ kvtXm`w N{µ-\m-Ip-¶p.
Cl F¶ i_vZw Bßm- hm- Ip-¶p. Cu F¶ i_vZw Aán-
bm-Ip-¶p.
BZnXy DuIm-tcm, \nlh GImtcm
hntiz-tZhm Hu þþ tlmbn-Imcx, {]Pm-]
-XnÀlnw-Imcx
{]mWx kztcm, f ¶w bm, hmKzn-cmSv
DuImcw BZn-Xy- \m-Ip- ¶p. GImcw Blzm\w BIp-¶p.
Hmtlmbn F¶ kvtXm`w hniz-tZ-h· - m-cm-Ip-¶p. lnwImcw
{]Pm-]-Xn-bm-Ip-¶p. kzc-sa¶ kvtXm`w {]mW-\m-Ip-¶p. b
F¶ kvtXm`w A¶- am- Ip-¶p. hmIv F¶ kvtXm`w hncm-«m-
Ip-¶p.
A\n-cq-à-kv{X-tbm-Zix kvtXm`x kwN
tcmlpw Imcx lpw Imc-sa¶ ]Xn-aq-¶m-as¯ kvtXm`w
C¶-sX¶p \nÀh-Nn-¡-s¸-Sp-hm³ Ign-bm-¯Xpw hnI-ev]n-
¡-s¸-Sp¶ kzcq-]-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw BIp-¶p.
ZpKvt² f kvssa hmKvtZmlx, tbm hm tNmtZm
lx, A¶-hm-\-¶mtZm `hXn; b GXm-tah
kmav\m ap]-\n-jZw thtZ-]-\n-jZw thZ
Bcv C{]-Imcw Cu kma-§-fpsS D]-\n-j-¯ns\ Adn-
bp-¶pthm B km[-I\v hm¡v, hm¡nsâ tZmlw F¶p
]d-bp¶ tZmls¯ tZml\w sN¿p-¶p. Ah³ A¶-ap-
Å-h-\mbpw A¶- §sf AZn-¡p-¶-h-\mbpw `hn-¡p-¶p.
A²ymbw c­v
H¶mw JÞw
(FÃm kma-¯n-epw, FÃm kma-t¯bpw kw_-Ôn¨
D]m-k-\-§-sf-¸-än-bmWv C\n ]d-bp-¶-Xv.)
Hmw ka-kvX\y Jep kmav\ D]m-k\w km[p;
bX Jep km[p-XXv kmtaXym N£-tX; bZ
km[p-XZ kmta-Xn.
FÃm Ah-b-h§ - -tfmSpw IqSnb kma-¯nsâ D]m-k\
km[p-hm-Ip-¶p. GXmtWm km[p-hm-bn-«p-ÅXv AXns\
kmaw F¶v _p²n-am³·mÀ ]d-bp-¶p.
 203
I XZp-Xm-]ymlpx kmavss\-ap-]m-Km-Zn-X n, km[p
ss\\-ap-]m-Km-Zn-tXy-hX Zmlpx Akmav
ss\\-ap-]m-Km-ZnXn Akm-[p-ss\\ ap]m
KmZn-tXy-hX Zmlpx
B hnj-b¯ - n kma-am-bn«p CXp-am-{X-aà DÅ-Xv.
Chs\ D]-Ka - n¨p F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. AhnsS tim`-\-ambn
Chs\ D]-Ka - n¨p F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Akm-a-ambn Chs\
D]-K-an¨p F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. AhnsS Atim-`-\-ambn #nhs\
D]-K-an¨p F¶p Xs¶ ]d-bp-¶p.
AtYm-Xm-]ymlpx kma-t\m-_-tX-Xn, bXv km[p
`h-X n, km[p-_-tX-tXy-h-XZ- mlpx Akm-[ pt\m
_tXXn; bZ km[p-`-hXy km[p _tX-tXy-hX
Zmlpx
AXp-t]mse C\n-bp-ap-­v. kt´mjw \ap¡v kma-am-
bn-cn-¡p¶p F¶p ]d-bm-dp-­v. AhnsS GXmtWm km[p-
hmbn kw`- hn-¡p-¶Xv km[p-hm-bn-cn-¡p¶p; kt´m-j-am-bn-
cn-¡p-¶p. Iãw \ap¡v Akm-a-am-bn-cn-¡p¶p F¶p ]d-
bm-dp-­v. AhnsS km[p-hmbn kw`-hn-¡p-¶Xv GtXm AXv
Akm-[p-hm-bn-cn-¡p¶p; Iã-am-bn- cn-¡p-¶p.
kb Ghw hnZzm³ km[p kmta-Xyp-]mkvtX f
`ymtim-lb tZ\w km[thm [À½w
B NKtÑ bpcq-]-N\- -tabpx
Bcv kmaw km[p-sh-¶-dnªv D]m-kn-¡p-¶p-thm,
Ahs\ icn-bmb [À½-§Ä BK-an-¡p-I-bpw, t`mKy-§-
fm-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sN¿pw. thK-¯n ip`-^-e-§Ä A\p-
`-hn-¡p-am-dm-Ipw.
c­mw JÞw
temtIjvT ]©-hn[w ktam-]-koX:þ {]Ynhn
lnwImtcm f ánx {]kvXmthm ´co-£-ap-KvZoY
BZnXyx {]Xn-lmtcm ZyuÀ¶n-[-\-an-XypÀt²jp
temI-§-fmbn A©p-hn-[-amb kmaw D]m-kn-¡-Ww.
]rYnhn lnw Imc-am-h p-¶p. Aán {]kvXm-ha - m-Ip-¶p.
BImiw DZvKo-Y-am-Ip-¶p. BZn-Xy³ {]Xn-lm-c-am-Ip-¶p.
tZymhv\n-[- \-am-Ip-¶p. DuÀ²z-K- X-§-fm-b, temI- §-sf-¶pÅ
Zrãn-tbm-Sp-I q-Snb kmtam-]m-k -\ w, C§-s \-b m-Ip-¶ p.
hmkv X-h-¯n-ep-Å-h-bm-bn-cp-¶ m-epw, Aim-kv{Xo-b-amb
[À½-§-sf, D]m-kn-¨-Xp-sIm­v ^e-an-Ã.
AYm ffhrt¯jvTxþ ZyuÀlnw-Im-c, BZnXyx
{]kvXmthm f ´co-£-ap-ZvKo-tYm, f ánx
{]Xn-lmcx
]rYn-h n-\ n-[ \w
N P
C\n apI-fnÂ\n¶p Iogvt]m-«pÅ temI-§-sf-¶pÅ K
ZrjvTn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn, A©p-hn-[-¯n- epÅ kma-¯nsâ D]m-
k\ ]d-bp-¶p. tZymhv lnwIm-c-am-Ip-¶p. BZn-Xy³ {]kvXm-
h-am-Ip-¶p. A´-co£w DZm-Ko-Y-am-Ip-¶p. Aán {]Xn-lm-c-
am-Ip-¶p. ]rYn hn\n-[-am-Ip-¶p.
Iev]t´ lmkvssa-tem-Im-DuÀ²m-Ý ff -hr¯m
Ýb GX-tZhw hnZzm³ temtI-jvT-]©
hn[w kmtam-]mkvtX
Bcv C{]-Im-c-a-dnªv temI-§-fmbn Cu A©p hn[-
¯n-ep-apÅ kmas¯ D]m-kn-¡p-¶pthm Cu D]m-k-I\v
Xmtg- \n¶p taevt]m-«p-Å-hbpw apI-fn \n¶p Iogvt]m-«p-
Å-hbpw Bb temI-§Ä t`mKy-§-fmbn kn²n-¡p-¶p.
aq¶mw JÞw
hrãu ]©-hn[w ktam-]m-koX:þ ]ptcm-htXm
lnwImtcm tatLm PmbtX k {]kvXmhx
hÀjXn
k DZvKo-tYm, hntZym-XtX kvX\-bXn k{]
Xnlmcx DZvKr-lvWmXn X¶n-[\w
hrãn-bmbn A©p-hn-[-¯n-epÅ kmas¯ D]m-kn-¡-
Ww. Ing-¡³ Imäv lnwIm-c-am-Ip-¶p. taLw D­m-Ip-¶Xv
{]kvXm-h- am-Ip-¶p. hÀjn-¡p-¶Xv DZvKo- Y-am-Ip-¶p. an¶Âan-
¶p-¶-Xpw, CSn sh«p-¶Xpw {]Xn-lm-c-am-Ip-¶p. ag AS-§p-
¶Xv \n[-\-am-Ip-¶p.
hÀjXn-lmkvssa hÀj-bXn lb GX
tZhw
hnZzm³ hrãu-]-©-hn[w kmtam-hmkvtX
Bcv C§s\ Adnªv hrãn- bmbn A©p- hn-[-¯n- epÅ
kams¯ D]m-kn-¡p-¶pthm Ah-\mbn hÀjn-¡p-¶p.
Ah³ hÀjn-¸n-¡bpw sN¿p-¶p.
\memw JÞw
kÀhm-k z]vkp ]©-hn[w kmtam-hm-koX:þ
taLm
bXv kw¹-htX klnw-Im-tcm, bZzÀjXn k{]
kvXmthm, bmx {]mNyx kyµt´ k DZvKo-tYm,
bmx {]NoNyxk {]Xn-lmcx kapt{Zm \n[-\w.
FÃm A¸p-I-fp- ambn A©p-hn- [-¯n- epÅ kmas¯ D]m-
kn-¡Ww. taLw Db-cp-¶Xv lnwIm-c-am-Ip-¶p. hÀjn-¡p-
¶Xv {]kvXm- h-am- Ip- ¶p. Ing- t¡m- s«m- gp- Ip¶ \Zn- IÄ Ghtbm
AXv DZvKo-Y-am-Ip-¶p. ]Sn-ªm-tdm«v Hgp-Ip¶ \Zn-IÄ
Ghtbm Ah {]Xn-lm-c-am-Ip-¶p. kap{Zw \n[-\-am-I¶p. p-
 204

I \ lm]v kp ss{]Xy-]vkp-am³ `hXn b Ggmw JÞw K

GX-tZhw hnZzm³ kÀhm-kz]vkp ]©-hn[w {]mtWjvT ]©-hn[w ]tcm-h-cobx
kmam-] kvtX kmtam-]m-koX:- - þ
{]mtWm lnw Imtcm, hmIv {]kvXm-h,
Bcp C{]-Im-c-a-dnªv FÃm A¸p-I-fp-am-bn, A©p-hn-
Ý£p-c p-ZvKoYx
[-amb kmas¯ D]m-kn-¡p-¶p-thm, Ah³ A¸p-If - nÂ
t{im{Xw {]Xn-lm-tcm, at\m-\n-[\w;
acn-¡-bn-Ã. A¸p-I-fp-Å-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sN¿pw.
]tcm-h -cobmw
knhm GXm\n
A©mw JÞw {]mW-§-fm-bn, A©p-hn-[-¯n-epÅ ]tcm-h-co-b-Êmb
kmas¯ D]m-kn-¡-Ww. {]mW³ lnwIm-c-am-Ip-¶p. hm¡v
EXp jp ]©-hn[w kmtam-]m-knXxþ hkt´m
{]kvXm-h-am- Ip-¶p. N£pÊv DZvKo-Y-am- Ip-¶p. t{im{Xw {]Xn-
lnwImtcm {Kojvax {]kvXmthm hÀjm DZvKoYmx lm-ca
- m-Ip-¶p. a\Êv \n[-\-am-Ip-¶p. Ch D¯-tcm-¯cw
icXv {]Xn-lmtcm tla-t´m-\n-[\w hnin-ã-X-c-§-fm-Ip-¶ p.

EXp-¡-fmbn A©p-hn-[-¯n-epÅ kmas¯ D]m-kn-¡- ]tcm-h-cotbm lmky `hXn ]tcm-h-co-btkm

Ww. hk´w lnwIm- c-am-Ip- ¶p. {Kojvaw {]kvXmham-Ip- ¶p. l temIm³ PbXn b GX-tZhw hnZzm³
hÀjw DZvKo- Y-am-Ip-¶p. ic¯v {]Xn- lm- c-am-Ip-¶p. tla´w {]mtWjvT ]©-hn[w ]tcm-h-cobx kmtam
\n[-\-am-Ip-¶p. hmkvX CXn ]©-hn-[ky
Iev]t´ lmkvam EXh EXp-am³ `h-Xnb C{]-Imcw Adnªv {]mW-§-fmbn A©p- hn-[-¯n- epÅ
GX-tZhw hnZzm-\r-XpjvT ]©-hn[w ktam- ]tcm- h-co-bÊ
- mb Cu kmas¯ Bcv D]m-kn-¡p-¶p-thm,
]mkvtX Ah\p D¯- tcm-¯cw hnin-ã-X-c-amb Poh\w D­m-Ipw.
Ah³ ]tcm-h-co-b-Êp-If - mb temI-§sf Pbn-¡pw. C{]-
Bcv C{]-Im-c-a-dnªv EXp-¡-fmbn A©p-hn-[-¯n-epÅ Imcw A©p-hn-[-¯n-epÅ kma-¯nsâ D]m-k\w ]dªp
Cu kmas¯ D]m- kn-¡p-¶p-thm, B D]m-k-I-\v, EXp-¡Ä Ign-ªp.
EXp- hy-h-Ø-IÄ¡-\p-cq-]-am-bn, t`mKy-§-fm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
Ah³ EXp-¡-fp-Å-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
F«mw JÞw
AY k]vX hn[ky:þ hmNn k]vXh - n[w
kmtam-] m-k oXx
Bdmw JÞw
bXv Inw N hmtNm lpa-Xn, klnw Imtcm,
]ipjvT ]©-hn[w kmtam-]m-koX:þ BPm-lnw- bXv t{]Xn
Itcm f k {]kvXm-thm, btZXn k BZnx
hbw {]kvXm-thm, Kmh DZvKotYm f izmx {]Xn-
C\n Ggp hn[-¯n-epÅ kma-¯nsâ D]m-k\w ]d-
lmcx ]pcp-tjm-\n-[\w
bp¶p: hm¡mbn Ggp-hn-[-¯n-epÅ kmas¯ D]m-kn-¡-
]ip-¡Ä¡mbn A©p-hn-[- ¯n- epÅ kmas¯ D]m-kn- Ww. lpw F¶pÅ hm¡nsâ hntijw GtXm AXv lnw
¡-Ww. tImem-Sp-IÄ lnwIm-c -am-Ip-¶p. Ipdn-bm-Sp-IÄ Imc-am-Ip-¶p. {] F¶pÅ hntijw GtXm, AXv {]kvXm-
{]kvXm-ha - m-Ip-¶p. tKm¡Ä DZvKo-Y-am-Ip-¶p. Aiz-§Ä h-am-Ip-¶p. B F¶ tXtXm AXv BZn-bm-Ip-¶p.
{]Xn-lm-c-am-Ip-¶p. ]pcp-j³ \n[-\-am-Ip-¶p. bZp-ZnXn k DZvKo-tYm, XXv{]-XoXn
`h´n lmky ]ihx ]ip-am³ `hXn b k{]-Xo-lm-tcm,
GX tZhw hnZzm³ ]ipjp ]©-hn[w bZp t]Xn k D]-{Z-thm, b¶o-Xn-X-¶n-[-\w.
kmtam-] mkvtX DXv F¶pÅ tXtXm, AXv DZvKo-Y-am-Ip-¶p. {]Xn F¶-
tXtXm AXv {]Xn-lm-c-am-Ip-¶p. D] F¶-tXtXm AXv D]-
Bcv C{]-Imcw Adnªv ]ip-¡-fmbn Cu A©p-hn-[-
{Z-h-am-Ip-¶p. \n F¶ tXtXm AXp \n[-\-am-Ip-¶p.
¯n- epÅ kmas¯ D]m-kn-¡p-¶pthm Ah\v ]ip-¡Ä
D­m- Ipw. ]ip-¡-sf-sIm- ­pÅ t`mKw,- XymKw apX-emb ^e- ZpKvt² f kvssa hmKvtZmlw tbmhm-tNm-tZmtlm
§Ä DÅ-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sN¿pw. ¶hm-\-¶mtZm `h-Xnb GX-tZhw hnZzm³
hmNn k]vXh - n[w kmtam-]m-kvtX.
N P
 205

I C§-s\-b -dnªv hm¡mbn Ggp-hn-[-¯n-epÅ Cu bmsXm-cm-ew-_hpw IqSm-sX, (X-§sf DbÀ¯n-s¡m-­pw) K

kmas¯ Bcv D]m- kn-¡p- ¶p-thm, Ah\v hm¡v GXm- tWm, k©-cn-¡p-¶p. Fs´-¶m Cu BZn-Xy-\m-Ip¶ kma-
hm¡nsâ tZmlw F¶p ]d-bp- ¶- Xv, B tZmls¯ tZml\w ¯nsâ BZn-`àn `Pn-¡p-¶-h-bm-Ip-¶p.
sN¿p-¶ p. A¶-ap-Å-h-\mbpw A¶s¯ `£n-¡p-¶-h-
AY bXv kw{]Xn a[yw-Znt\ k
\mbpw Zo]m-án-bmbpw `hn-¡pw.
DZvK oYkv Xtky
tZhm A\zm-b-¯mkvX kvamt¯ k¯amx
H³]Xmw JÞw {]mPm-]-Xym-\ m-ap-ZvKoY `mPn-t\m-tly
AY Jez-ap-am-ZnXyw k]vXh
- n[w kmtam-]m-koX; Xky kmav\x
kÀh Zmka kvt\\-kma; amw {]Xnamw {]XoXn EPq-hmb a[ym-Ó-¯n Cu BZn-Xysâ cq]-ta-tXm,
AXv DZvKo- Y- am- Ip- ¶p. Ahsâ B cq]-¯n tZh- ·mÀ A\p-
kÀthW ka, kvtX\-km-a.
K-X-cm-bn-cn-¡p- ¶p. AXn-\m tZh-·mÀ {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS A]-
C\n B BZn- Xy-\mbn Ggp-hn- [- ¯n- epÅ kmas¯ D]m- Xy-§-fn h¨v t{ijvT-·m-cm-Ip-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­-¶mÂ
kn-¡-Ww. BZn-Xy³ FÃm-btv ]mgpw Htc \ne-bn Ccn-¡p- Cu BZn-Xy-\m-Ip¶ kma-¯nsâ DZvKoYw `Pn-¡p-¶-h-cm-
¶p. AXp-sIm­v kma-am-Ip-¶p. FÃm-hÀ¡pw ka-\m-Ip- Ip-¶p.
¶-Xn-\m kma-am-Ip-¶p.
AY b ZqÀ²zw a[yw Zn\mXv {]mK-]-cm-lvWmXv
Xkvan-¶ n-am\n kÀhm-Wn-`q-Xm-\y-\ z-b-¯m-\ oXn k {]Xn-lmcx XZ-ky-KÀ`m A\zm-b-¯m-
hnZymXv; Xky-bXv ]ptcm-Z-bmXv k lnwImcx kvXkvam
XZky ]ithm f \zmb-¯mkvX kvamt¯ lnw t¯ {]Xn-lrXm \mh-]-Zy-t´, {]Xn-lmc
IpÀh´n; lnw Imc `mPn-t\m-tly-Xky kmav\x `mPn-t \m-tly-Xky kmav\x
B BZn-Xy-\n Cu `qX- §-sfÃmw A\p-K-X- §-fm-bn-cn- D¨-¡p-ta A]-cm-Ó- ¯n\p ap³]v, Chsâ cq]- tatXm
¡p¶p F¶p a\-Ên-em-¡-Ww. DZ-b-¯n\p ap³]v Chsâ AXv {]Xn-lm-c- am- Ip- ¶p. Cu BZn- Xy- cq- ]-amb kmaw B cq]-
cq]w GXmtWm AXv lnwIm-ca - m-Ip-¶p. BZn-Xy-\m-Ip¶ ¯n KÀ`- §-Ä A\p-K- X-§-fm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn- \m KÀ`-
kma-¯nsâ B cq]-¯nÂ, ]ip-¡Ä A\p-K-X-§-fm-bn-cn- §Ä ]nt¶m¡w apI-fn-te¡p ]nSn-¡-s¸-«-h-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶-
¡p-¶p. AXn-\m ]ip-¡Ä lnw F¶ i_vZw ]pd-s¸-Sp- Xp-sIm-­v, Iogvt]m«p hoWp-t]m-hp-¶n-Ã. Cu BZn-Xy-\m-
hn-¡p-¶p. Cu BZn-Xy-s\¶p ]d-bp¶ kma-¯nsâ lnw Ip¶ kma-¯nsâ {]Xn-lm-c-`àn `Pn-¡p-¶-hb - m-Ip-¶p.
Imcw `Pn-¡p¶ ioe-ap-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p.
AYb ZqÀ²z-a-]-cm-lvWm-Xv, {]mK-kvX-a-bm-Xv, k
AX-bXv {]Y-tam-ZntX k{]-kvXmhx D]-{Zh kvXZky ff cWy A\zm-b¯m
XZ-k y-a-\ pjym kvXkvamt¯
A\zm-b-¯mkvX kvamt¯ {]kvXpXn Imamx ]pcpjw Zrãzm I£w iz{`-an-Xyp-]-{Z-h´n;
{]Øm-h-`m-Pnt\m tlyX-ky-k mav \x D]-{Zh `mPn-t\m-tly-X-k y-kmav\x
AXp-t]mse BZyw DZn-¡p-t¼mÄ DÅ Ahsâ cq]w A]-c m- Ó - ¯ n\p ta AkvX - a - b - ¯ n\p ap³]v
GtXm AXv {]Øm-hy- am-Ip-¶p. Ahsâ B cq]¯n a\p- bmsXmcp cq]-apt­m AXv D]-{Z-h-am-Ip-¶p. Ahsâ B
jyÀ A\p-K-X-cm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m AhÀ kvXpXn cq]s¯ Ac-Wy-¯n-epÅ P´p-¡Ä¡p, A\zm-b-¯-§-
B{K-ln-¡p-¶-h-cmbpw {]iwk B{K-ln-¡p-¶-h-cmbpw Ccn- fm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m Ah ]pcp-js\ I­n«v A`-b-
¡p-¶p. Fs´-¶m AhÀ Cu BZn-Xy-\m-Ip¶ kma- Øm-\-sa¶p hnNm-cn¨v ImSns\ D]- K- an- ¡p-¶p. Fs´-¶mÂ
¯nsâ {]kvXmhw `Pn-¡p-¶-h-cm-Ip-¶p. kqÀ¿- cq-]-amb kma-¯nsâ D]-{Zhw `Pn- ¡p-¶-h-bm- Ip-¶p.
AY-bXv kwK-h-th-embmw k BZnx XZky AY bX {]Y-am-kvX-antX X¶n-[\w
hbmwky \zmb-¯m\n Xkvam-¯m-\y XZky]n-Xtcm f
-´-co-t£f \m \zmb-¯-kvam-¯m-¶n-Z-[Xn; \n[\
cw_-Wm-\ym-Zmbm ff ßm\w ]cn-]-X´n; `mPn-t\m-tlyX
BZn-` m-Po\n tlyX-ky-k mav\x ky kmav\x, Ghw Jez-ap-am-ZnXyw k]vX
civan-IÄ Hcp-an¨p IqSp¶ ka-bw, Ahsâ cq]-tatXm hn[w kmtam-]mkvtX
AXv BZn-bm-Ip- ¶p. Ahsâ B cq]-¯n ]£n- IÄ A\p- AkvX-an-¡m³ XpS-§p-t¼mÄ GXp cq]-amtWm DÅ-
K-X -§ -fm-b n-c n-¡p-¶p. AXn-\ m Ah BIm-i-¯n Xv, AXv \n[-\-am-Ip-¶p. BZn-Xy-cq-]a
- mb kma-¯nsâ B
N P
 206

I cq]-¯n ]nXr-¡Ä A\p-K-X-cm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m BZn-Xy³ Chn-sS-\n¶n Ccp-]-s¯m- ¶m-a-t¯-Xm-Ip-¶p. Ccp- K

]nXr-¡sf \n[m\w sN¿p-¶p. Fs´- ¶m Cu BZn-Xy-cq- ]-¯n-c-­m-a-t¯-Xp-sIm­v BZn-Xy-\-¸p-d-ap-ÅXp {]m]n-¡p-
]-amb kma-¯nsâ \n[-\-`àn `Pn-¡p-¶-Xm-Ip-¶p. C{]- ¶p. BZn-X y-\-¸p-da - p-ÅXv kpJ-am-bn-«p-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p. AXv
Imcw B, BZn- Xy-\mbn Ggp-hn- [-¯n- epÅ kmaw Bcv D]m- timI-an-Ãm-¯-Xm-Ip-¶p.
kn- ¡p-¶pthm Ah\v B BZn-Xy-\m-bn-¯o-cpI F¶ ^ew
Bkvtvm]n lm ff ZnXyky Pbw ]tcm
kn²n-¡p-¶p.
lmkym ff ZnXy ky Pbm-Ötbm `hXn;
b GX-tZhw hnZzm-\m-ß-kw-an-X-aXn
]¯mw JÞw
arXyp k]vXh
- n[w ktam-]mkvtX ktam
Atlm-cm{Xw apX-emb Ime-¯m PK-¯ns\ \in-¸n-
]mkvtX
¡p-¶-Xp-sIm­v BZn-Xy³ arXyp-hm-Ip-¶p. B arXyp-hns\
IS-bp-¶-Xn-\pÅ kmtam-]m-k\ Cu JÞ-¯n-ep-­v. C{]-Im-c-a-dnªv arXyp-hns\ IS-¶, Ggp-hn-[-¯n-epÅ
Cu kmaw, Bcv D]m-kn-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ BZn-Xysâ
AY-J -ezm-ß -kw-an- Xa
- Xn arXyp-k]vX
Pbw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Ch\v BZn-Xysâ Pb-¯nÂ\n¶v ]c-a-
hn[w kmtam-]m-koX lnw Imc CXn amb Pbw D­m-Ipw.
{Xy£cw {]kvXmh CXn-Xy-£cw XXv kaw.
C\n Bßm-hn-t\mSp Xpey-ambn Adn-b-s¸-«n-«p-ÅX - pw,
]Xn- s \m¶mw JÞw
arXyp-hns\ AXn-{I-an-¨n-«p-ÅXpw Bb Ggp-hn-[-¯n-epÅ
kmas¯ D]m-kn-¡-Ww. lnwImcw F¶p-ÅXv aq¶-£-c- at\m lnw Imtcm, hmIv{]-kvXm-h, Ý£p
apÅ `àn \ma-am-Ip-¶p. {]kvXmhw F¶p-ÅXp aq¶-£- cpZvKoYx t{im{Xw {]Xn-lmcx {]mtWm
c-ap-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p. AXv ap¼n-e-t¯-Xn-t\mSp Xpey-am-Ip-¶p. \n[-\-ta-XZ- vKm-b{Xw {]mtWjp t{]mXw.
BZn-cnXn Zz£-cw, {]Xn-lm-c-C-Xn-N-Xp-c-£c a\Êv lnwIm-c-am-Ip-¶p. hm¡v {]kvXm-ha - m-Ip-¶p.
XX C sslIw, XÕ-aw. N£pÊv DZvKo-Y-am-Ip-¶p. t{im{Xw {]Xn-lm-c-am-Ip-¶p.
BZn F¶ `àn-\maw c­-£-c-ap-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p. {]Xn- {]mW³ \n[-\-am-Ip-¶p. Cu Kmb{Xw kmaw, hm¡v apX-
lmcw F¶Xv \me-£-c-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-Wv. {]Xn-lmcw em-bh
- b
- n {]Xn-jvTn-X- am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
F¶-Xn \n¶v Hc-£cw BZn F¶ c­-£-c-§-fn kb Gh-ta-XZv Kmb{Xw {]mtW-jp-t{]mXw
tNÀ¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. AXp kma-am-Ip-¶p. thZ, {]mWn-`h
- Xn kÀh-am-bp-tcXn
DZvKoY CXn-{Xy-£-ca- p-]-{Zh CXn NXp tPymKv Poh-Xn-a-lm³ {]P-bm-] -ip-Zn-`h
c£cw; {Xn`n-kv{Xn`nx kaw `h-Xn, A Xna-lm³ IoÀ¯ym, alm-a\mx kyXv
£c-a-h-in-jytX {Xy£cw XÕ-aw. X{Z -Xw.
DZvKoY sa¶Xv aq¶-£-c-ap-Å-Xm-Ip- ¶p. D]- {Zhw F¶Xv C{]-Imcw {]mW-§-fn {]Xn-jvTn-X-amb Cu Kmb-{X-
\me-£- c-ap-Å-Xm-W.v ap½q-¶-£- c-§-Ä sIm­v C{X `àn amb kmaw Bcv Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Ah³ {]mW-§-fp-Å-h-
\ma-§Ä c­pw ka-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Hc-£cw A[nIw hcp- \m-bn-¯o-cpw. FÃm BbpÊpw {]m]n¡pw; DÖz-e-amb hn[-
¶p. aq¶-£- c-§-tfmSp IqSn-b-Xm-I-bm AXv ka-am-Ip-¶p. ¯n Pohn-¡pw. Ah³ {]P-sb-s¡m-­pw, ]ip-¡-sf-
\n[-\-an-Xn-{Xy-£cw XXv ka-tah `hXn sIm­pw alm-\ m-b n-¯o-c p-¶ p. IoÀ¯n-sIm­v alm-
\mbn¯ocp-¶p. alm-a-\Ê- m-bn-cn-¡Ww F¶Xv Kmb-t{Xm-
Xm\n-lhm GXm\n Zzm hnwKXn c£cmWn.
]m-k-Isâ {hX-am-Ip-¶p.
\n[\w F¶Xv aq¶-£-c-ap-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p. AXv kaw
Xs¶- bm-Ip-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ Cu A£-c-§Ä Ccp-]-¯n-
c-­m-Ip-¶p. ]{´­mw JÞw
GI hnwiXym ff ZnXy-am-]vt\m-t\yI A`n-a-Ù-Xn-k-lnw-I-tcm, [qtam PmbtX
hnwtimhm CtXm f kmhm-ZntXym k{]-kvXm-thm, Pze-Xnk DZvKotYm f §v
Zzmhnw-ti-\-] -c-am-Zn-Xym-Ö -b-X n, Kmcm-`-h´n k {]Xn-lm-c, D]
X¶mIw XZzn timIw. imay-Xn-X-¶n-[ -\w, kwim-ay-Xn-X-¶ n-[\w
Ccp-]s
- ¯m-¶p-sIm­v BZn-Xys\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Cu GX-{ZYw Xc-aáu t{]mXw.

N P
 207
I aY\w sN¿pI F¶-tXtXm AXv lnwIm-ca - m-Ip-¶p. \m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Xsâ InS- ¡-bn hcp¶ Hcp-h-tfbpw Dt]-
[qaw D­m- IpI F¶-tX-tXm, AXp {]kvXm- h- am- Ip- ¶p. Pzen- £n- ¡-cpXv AXp {hX-am-Ip-¶p.
¡pI F¶-tXtXm AXv DZvKo-Y-am-Ip-¶p. I\-ep-I-fm-bn-¯o-
cp-I-sb-¶-tXtXm AXp {]Xn-lm-c-am-Ip- ¶p. D]-i-an¡ F¶-
tX-tXm, AXp \n[-\-am-Ip-¶p. kwi-an¡ F¶-tXtXm AXv ]Xn-¶ memw JÞw
\n[-\-am-Ip-¶p. Cu cYw Xcw Aán-bn {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-
Ip-¶p.
k b Gh-ta-X-{ZYw Xc-aáu t{]mXw
thZ, {_Ò-hÀ¨-ky-¶mtZm `hXn
kÀh-am-bp-tcXn tPymKv Poh-Xn, alm³
{]Pbm ]ip`n À`hXn alm³ IoÀ¯ym
\ {]Xy Aán-amNm ta´ \n jvTothXvXZv{hXw
Aán-bn {]Xn-jT v n-X-amb Cu cYw Xcs¯ Bcv Adn-
bp-¶pthm Ah³ {_Ò-hÀ¨-a-Zp-Å-h\ - mbpw A¶- Zm-\-
\mbpw `hn-¡p-¶p. FÃm Bbp-Ên-t\bpw {]m]n- ¡p- ¶p. DPz-
e-ambn Pohn-¡p-¶p. {]P-sb-s¡m-­pw, ]ip- ¡-sf-sIm­pw
alm-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. IoÀ¯n-sIm­v alm-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
Aán¡v A`n-ap-J-ambncp¶v H¶pw `£n-¡-cp-Xv. Imdn-¯p-
¸-cp-Xv. CXp {hX-am-Ip-¶p.
]Xn-aq¶mw JÞw
D]-a-{´-btX klnw-Im-tcm, Ú]-btXk
{]kvXmhx kv{Xobm-kl titXk DZvKoYx
{]Xnkv{Xow kl-titX k{]-Xn-lmcx
Imew-K-ÑXn X¶n-[\w ]cw-K-ÑXn
X¶n-[-\-taX Zzma-tZhyw anYp-t\-t{]mXw
D]-a-{´n-¡pI F¶tXtXm, AXp {]kvXm-ha - m-Ip-¶p.
kt´m-jn-¸n-¡pI F¶ tXtXm AXp {]kvXm-h-am-Ip-¶p.
kv{Xotbm-Sp-IqSn ibn¡ F¶-tXtXm AXv {]Xn-lm-c-am-Ip-
¶p. ssaYp\w sIm­p Imew Ign-bp-¶-tXtXm AXv AXp
\n[-\-am-Ip-¶p. Cu hma-tZ-hy-sa¶ kmaw anYp-\-¯nÂ
{]Xn-jvTn-X-am-Ip-¶p.
kb Gh-taX Zzma-tZhyw anYp-t\-t{]mXw
thZ anYp\o `hXn anYp-\m-·n-Yp-\mÂ
{]Pm-btX kÀh-am-bp-tcXn tPymKv Poh
Xn, alm³ {]Pb ]ip`n À`h-Xn,
alm³ IoÀ¯ym, \Iw-N\ ]cn-l-tc-Xv.
C{]-Imcw anYp-\-¯n {]Xn-jvTn-X- amb Cu hma-tZ-hy-
amb kmas¯ Bcv Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Ah³ anYp-\-ap-Å-h-
\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah³ Hmtcm anYp-\-¯nÂ\n¶pw k´m-
\-cq-]-¯n P\n-¡p-¶p. Ah³ apgp-h³ BbpÊpw {]m]n-
¡p-¶p. DÖz-e-ambn Pohn-¡p-¶p. {]P-sb-s¡m­pw ]ip-
¡- sfs¡m­pw alm-\m-bn-¯o-cp- ¶p, IoÀ¯n-sIm­p alm-
N P
K
DZy³ lnwImc DZnXx {]kvXm-thm, a[yw-Zn\
DZvKotYm f ]cmlvWx {]Xn-lmtcm f kvXw
b¶n-[\w GXZv _rl-Zm-ZntXy t{]mXw.
DZn-¨p-hc- p¶ BZn-Xy³ lnwIm-c-am-Ip-¶p. DZn-¨X - nsâ
tij-apÅ BZn-Xy³ {]kvXm-h-\-am-Ip-¶p. a[yw-Zn\w DZvKo-
Y-am-Ip-¶p. A]-cmlvWw {]Xn-lm-c-am-Ip-¶p. AkvX-a-\-¯n-
te¡p Kan-¡p¶ BZn-Xy³ \n[-\-am-Ip-¶p. Cu _rl-
s¯¶ kmaw BZn-Xy-\n {]Xn-jT v n-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
kb Gh-ta-XZv _rl-Zm-ZntXy
t{]mXw thZ tXP-kzy¶mtZm `hXn
kÀham-bp-tcXn tPymKvPo-h-Xn, alm³
{]Pbm ]ip-`nÀ `hXn alm³ IoÀ¯ym,
X]´w \\n-tµXv XZv{hXw
C{]-Imcw BZn-Xy-\n {]Xn-jvTn-X-amb Cu _rl-
s¯¶ kma-s¯, Bcv Adn-bp-¶pthm Ah³ tXP-Êp-Å-
h-\m-bpw, A¶s¯ AZn-¡p-¶-h-\mbpw Xocp-¶p. Ah³
apgp-h³ Bbp-Ên-t\bpw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. DPz-e-ambn Pohn-
¡p-¶p. Ah³ {]P-sb-s¡m-­pw, ]ip-¡-sf-s¡m­pw
alm-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p, IoÀ¯n-sIm­v alm-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
X]n-¡p¶ BZn-Xys\ \nµn-¡-cp-Xv. AXv {hX-am-Ip-¶p.
]Xn-\ ©mw JÞw
A{`mWn kw¹-ht´ klnw-Im-tcm, ta
LmPm-bt´ k{]-kvXm-thm, hÀjXn k
DZvKo-tYm, hntZym-XtX kvX\-bXn k
{]Xn-lm-c, DZvKr-lvWmXn X¶n-[\w
GXZv ssh cq]w hÀPt\y t{]mXw.
A{`-§Ä Db-cp-¶p. AXv lnw Imc-am-Ip-¶p. taLw
D­m-Ip-¶p. AXp {]kvXm-h-am-Ip-¶p. hÀjn-¡p-¶p. AXv
DZvKo-Y-am-Ip-¶p. an¶Â an¶p-Ibpw CSn-sh-«p-Ibpw sN¿p-
¶p. AXp {]Xn-lm-c-am-Ip-¶p. ag s]¿p-¶p. AXp \n[-\-am-
Ip-¶p. Cu sshcp-]-sa¶ kmaw ]ÀP-\y-¯n {]Xn-jvTn-
X-am-Ip-¶ p.
kb Gh-taX ssZzcq]w ]ÀP-t\y-t{]mXw
thZ hncq]mw Ýkp-c]mw Ý ]iq-\-hcp
tÔ; kÀh-am-bp-tcXn; tPymKvP o-hXn;
alm³ {]Pbm ]ip-`nÀ`-hXn; alm³
IoÀ¯ym; hÀj´w \µn-tµ-Xv\-Zv{h-Xw.

I ]ÀÖ-\y-¯n {]Xn-jvTn-X-amb Cu sshcq-]a - mb
kmas¯ Bcv Adn-bp-¶pthm Ah\v kzcq-]-§-fm-bpw,
hncq-]§
- -fmbpw DÅ ]ip-¡sf e`n-¡p-¶p. Ah³ apgp-
h³ Bbp-Ên-t\bpw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. DÖz-e-ambn Pohn-¡p-
¶p. Ah³ {]P-sb-s¡m-­pw, ]ip-¡-sf-s¡m­pw alm-
\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶ p. IoÀ¯n-sIm­p alm-\m-bn- ¯o-cp-¶p.
hÀjn-¡p¶ taLs¯ \nµn-¡-cp-Xv. AXp {hX-am-Ip-¶p.
]Xn-\ mdmw JÞw
hkt´m lnwIm-tcm, {Kojvax {]kvXm-thm,
hÀj DZvKoYx icXv {]Xn-lm-tcm,
tla-t´m-\ n-[-\ -taX ssZzcm-P-arXpjpt{]mXw
hk´w lnwIm-c-am-Ip-¶p. {Kojvaw {]kvXm-h-am-Ip-¶p.
hÀj EXp DZvKo-Y-am-Ip-¶p. ic¯v {]Xn-lm-c-am-Ip-¶p.
tla´w \n[-\-am-Ip-¶p. Cu sshcm-P-amb kmaw EXp-¡-
fn {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
k b Gh taX ssZzcm-P-ar-Xp-jp-t{]mXw
thZ hnc-PXn {]-Pbm ]ip-`nÀ {_Ò
hÀ¨-tk\ kÀh-am-bp-tcXn tPymKv
Poh-Xn-a-lm³ {]Pbm ]ip-`nÀ `hXn
alm³ IoÀ¯yÀ¯p³ \n\n-tµXv XXv{hXw
C§ns\ EXp-¡- fn {]Xn-jT v n-X-amb Cu sshcm-P-amb
kmas¯ Bcv Adn-bp-¶pthm Ah³ {]P-sb-sIm­pw
]ip-¡-sf- s¡m­pw {_Ò-hÀ¨kw sIm­pw tim`n- ¡p-¶p.
apgp-h³ Bbp-Ênt\ e`n-¡p-¶p. DÖz-e-ambn Pohn-¡p-¶p.
{]P-sb- s¡m­pw ]ip-¡-sf- s¡m­pw alm-\m- bn-¯o- cp-¶p.
EXp-¡sf \nµn-¡-cp-Xv. AXv {hX-am-Ip-¶p.
]Xn-t\gmw JÞw
]rYnho lnwImtcm f ´co£w {]kvXm-thm,
ZyuX-ZvKotYm Znix {]Xn lmcx, k
apt{Zm \n[-\-tatXx iIzÀt¿mtem
tIjp t{]mXmx
]rYnhn lnwIm-ca - m-Ip-¶p. A´-co£w {]-kX
¶p. tZymhv DZvKo-Y-am-Ip-¶p. Zo¡p-IÄ {]Xn-lm-ca
kap{Zw \n[- \- am-Ip-¶p. Cu iIz-cn- IÄ F¶p ]d- bp¶ kma-
hn-tijw temI-§-fn {]Xn-jT v n-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
k b Gh taXmx iIzÀt¿m temtIjp
t{]mXm thZ temIo `hXn kÀh-ambp
tcXn tPymKvPo-hXn alm³ {]Pbm
]ip-`nÀ`-hXn alm³ IoÀ¯ym-tem-Im³
\ \ntµXv XZv{hXw
N P
208
temI-§-fn {]Xn-jT v n-X- amb Cu iIz-cn-IÄ F¶p ]d- K
bp¶ kma-hn-ti- js¯ Bcv Adn-bp- ¶p- thm, Ah³ temI-
ap-Å-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah³ apgp-h³ Bbp-Ênt\ {]m]n-
¡p-¶p. DÖz-e-ambn Pohn-¡p-¶p. {]P-sb-s¡m­pw ]ip-
¡- sf-s¡m­pw alm- \m- bn- ¯o-cp-¶p. IoÀ¯n-sIm­p alm-
\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. temI- §sf \nµn-¡- cp- Xv. AXv {hX-am-Ip-¶p.
]Xn-s\«mw JÞw
APm lnwImtcm f hbx {]kvXmthm Kmh
DZvKotYm f izmx {]Xn-lmcx ]pcptjm
\n[-\-taXm tchXyx ]ip-jvT-t{]mXmx
AP-§Ä lnwIm-c-am-Ip-¶p. Ipdn-bm-Sp-IÄ {]kvXm-h-am-
Ip-¶p. tKm¡Ä DZvKo-Y-am-Ip-¶p. Aiz- §Ä {]Xn-lm-c-am-
Ip-¶p. tch-Xn-IÄ F¶p ]d-bp¶ kma-hn-ti-jw, ]ip-¡-
fn {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
kb Gh-taXm tchXymx ]ip-jpt{]m
Xm thZ ]ip-am³ `hXn kÀh-am-bp-tcXn
tPymKvPo-hXn alm³ {]Pbm ]ip
`nÀ`-hXn alm³ IoÀ¯ym ]iq³ \
\ntµXv XZv{h-Xw.
C{]-Imcw ]ip-¡-fn {]Xn-jTv n-X-amb Cu tch-Xn-IÄ
F¶p ]d-bp-¶, kma-hn-ti-js¯ Bcp Adn-bp-¶p-thm,
Ah³ ]ip-¡-fp-Å-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah³ apgp-h³
BbpÊpw {]m]n-¡ p- ¶ p. DÖz-e - a mbn Pohn- ¡ p-¶ p.
{]Psbs¡m­pw ]ip-¡-sf-s¡m­pw alm-\m- bn-¯o- cp-
¶p. ]ip-¡sf \nµn-¡-cp-Xv. AXp {hX-am-Ip-¶p.
]s¯m³]Xmw JÞw
tema lnwIm-c, kvXIv {]kvXmthm amwk
apZvKo-tYm, f Øn {]Xn lmtcm, aÖm-\n-[\
taX-Zy-Úb - -Úo-b-a§v tKjvT t{]mXw
temaw lnwIm-c-am-Ip-¶p. XzIv {]kvXm-ha - m-Ip-¶ p.
amwkw DZvKo-Y-am-Ip-¶p. AØn {]Xn-lm-c-am-Ip-¶p. aÖ
v m-h-am-Ip- \n[-\-am-Ip-¶p. Cu bÚm-b-Úo-b-sa¶ kmaw tZlm-h-
- m-Ip-¶p. b-h-§-fn {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
k b Gh taXy-Zy-Úm-b-Úo-b-aw-tKjp
t{]mXw thZmwKo `h-Xn\mw tK\
hnlqÀÑ-Xn, kÀh-am-bp-tc-Xn, tPymKv
Poh-Xn, alm³ {]Pbm ]ip-`nÀ`-hXn
alm³ IoÀ¯ym-kw-h-Õcw aPvtÚm
\miv\n-bmXv XZv{h-Xw, aPvtÚm\wiv\obm
ZnXn-hm
 209

I C{]-Imcw tZhm-h-b-h-§-fn {]Xn-ãn-X-am-b, bÚm- Ip-¶p. kÀ¸-§Ä, KÔÀh-·mÀ, ]n-Xr-¡Ä Ch \n[-\a - m- K

b-Úo-b-sa¶ Cu kmas¯ Bcv Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Ah³ Ip-¶p. Cu kma-k-ap-Zmbw kÀh-¯nepw {]Xn-jvTn-X- am-bn-
FÃm Ah-b -h-§epw XnI-ª-h-\m-b n-¯o-cpw. Ah³ cn- ¡p-¶ p.
A§vK w- s Im­v IpSn- e -\ m- b n-¯ o-c p- I - b n-Ã . apgp- h ³
k b Gh-ta-XXv kma kÀh-kvan³
BbpÊpw {]m]n¡pw; DÖz-e-ambn Pohn-¡pw. {]P-sb-
s¡m­pw ]ip-¡sf sIm­pw alm-\m- bn-¯o-cpw. IoÀ¯n- t{]mXw thZ kÀÆw l `hXn
sIm­p alm-\m-Ipw. Hcp kwh-Õ-c-t¯¡v amwkw `£n- C{]-Imcw kÀh-¯nepw {]Xn-jT
v n-X-amb Cu kmas¯
¡-cp-Xv. AXp {hX-am-Wv. (H-cn-¡epw `£n-¡-cpXv F¶p- Bcp Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Ah³ kÀÆ-hp-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
am-Imw.)
XtZ-j-tÇmIx
B AÀ°- ¯n Xmsg-¸-d-bp¶ a{´hpw D­v.
Ccp-] Xmw JÞw
bm\n ]©-[ m-{Xo-Wn-{Xo-Wn-tX-t`ym\
Aán lnw Imtcm, hmbpx {]kvXm-h, B Pymbx ]c-a-\y-ZkvXn; bkvXt- ZzZ k
ZnXy DZvKo-tYm, \£-{XmWn {]Xn-lm-c, thZ kÀhw kÀhm Zntim _en-akvssalc´n
Ý{µ-am-\n-[ -\-ta-X -{Zm-P\w tZhXm kpt{]m-Xw.
A©p hn[-¯n aq½q-¶mbn GXmtWm ]d-b-s¸-«-Xv,
Aán lnwIm-c-am-Ip-¶p. hmbp {]kvXm-h-am-Ip-¶p. BZn-
Ah-sb-¡mÄ al-¯-chpw `n¶-ambpw thsdmcp hkvXp
Xy³ DZvKo-Y-am-Ip-¶p. \£-{X-§Ä {]Xn-lm-c-am-Ip-¶p.
CÃ. kÀhm-ß-I-amb Cu kmas¯ Bcv Adn-bp-¶p-thm,
N{µ³ \n[-\-am-Ip-¶p. Cu cmP-sa¶ kmaw tZh-X-I-fnÂ
Ah\v FÃm Zn¡p-I-fn DÅ- hcpw _en-sIm-Sp-¡p-¶p.
{]Xn-jT
v n-X- am-bn-cn-¡p-¶ p.
k b Gh taX-{Z-P\w tZh-Xmkp kÀh-a-kvao-Xyp-]m-koX; XZv {hXw XXv {hXw
t{]mXw th ssZh-Xmkm tah tZh Rm³ kÀh- hp- am-Ip¶p F¶p D]m-kn-¡-Ww. AXv {hX-
Xm\mw ktemI Xmw kÀãnXmw am-Ip-¶p.
kmbqPyw KÑXn kÀh-am-bp-tcXn
tPmKv Poh-Xn, alm³ {]Pbm ]ip Ccp-] -¯ n-c ­mw JÞw
`n À`hXn alm³ IoÀ¯ym {_mÒ-W³
hn\À±n kmavt\m hrtW ]i-hy-an-Xytá
\ \ntµXv XZv{h-Xw.
cpZv KotYm f \ncpàx {]Pm-]-tX,
C§s\ tZh-X-I-fn {]Xn-jT v n-X-amb Cu tcmP-\-sa¶ ¶ncpàx tkma-ky, arZp-¥-jWw
kmas¯ Bcv Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Ah³ Cu tZh-X-I-fpsS
hmtbmx ¥jvWw _e-h-Zn-{µ-ky,
kmtem-Iy-t¯-tbm, kam-\-amb sFiz-cy-t¯mSp IqSn-tbm-
bn-cn-¡p¶ Ah-Ø-tb-tbm, kmbq-Py-t¯-tbm, {]m]n-¡p- {Iu©w _rl-kv]t- X, c]-[zm´w
¶p. apgp-h³ Bbp-Ênt\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. DÖzeambn Pohn- hcp-Wky; Xm³ kÀhm-t\thm ]tk
¡p- ¶p. {]P- I-sf- s¡m­pw ]ip-¡- sf-s¡m­pw alm-\m- bn- thX; hmcpWw tXzh hÀÖ-tb-Xv.
¯o-cp-¶p. {_mÒ-Wsc \nµn-¡-cp-Xv. AXp {hX-am-Ip-¶p.
hn\À±-t¯m-Sp-Iq-S n-bX
- pw, ]ip-¡Ä¡v lnX-hp-amb
kmas¯ kw_- Ôn¨ Km\w Rm³ {]mÀ°n-¡p-¶p. CXv
Ccp- ] - s ¯m¶mw JÞw Aán-tZ-h\- m-bn-«pÅ DZvKo-Y-am-Ip-¶p. {]Pm-]Xn tZh-\m-bn-
{Xbo-hn-Zym-lnw-Im-c, kv{Xb Cta temIx «pÅ DZvKoYw GXp-{]-Imcw BtWm, AXp-t]mse F¶p
\nÀh-Nn-¡-s¸-Sm-¯-Xm-Ip-¶ p. tkma³ tZh-X-bm-bn-«pÅ
k{]-kvXmthm f án hmbq-cm-ZnXyx k
DZvKoYw kv]jvT-am-bn-«p-Å-X m-Ip-¶p. hmbp tZh-X-bm-bn-
DZvKo-tYm, \£-{XmWn hbmwkn «pÅ Km\w arZphpw a[p-c-am-bn-«p-ÅXpw BIp-¶p. C{µ³
aco-Nbx k{]-Xn-lmcx, kÀ¸m KÔÀhx tZh-X-bm-bn-«pÅ Km\w Ç£vWhpw _e-ap-ÅXpw BIp-
]nXc kv\¶n-[-\t- a-XXv kma kÀhkvan³ ¶p. _rl-k] v Xn tZh-\m-bn-«pÅ Km\w {Iu©-]-£n-bpsS
t{]mXw. \mZ-¯n\p ka-am-Ip-¶p. hcp-W³ tZh-\m-bn-«pÅ Km\w,
s]m«nb Hm«nsâ kzc-¯n\p ka-am-Ip-¶p. Ah-sbÃmw
{Xbo hnZy lnwIm- c- am-Ip-¶p. Cu aq¶p temI- §Ä AXv
Xs¶ {]tbm-Kn-¡-Ww. F¶m hcp-W³ tZh-\m-bn-«p-Å-
{]kvXm-hn-¡p-¶p. Aán, hmbp, BZn-Xy³ Ch DZvKo-Y-am-
Xns\ am{Xw hÀÖn-¡-Ww.
Ip-¶p. \£-{X-§Ä, ]£n-IÄ, civan-IÄ Ch {]Xn-lm-c-am-
N P
 210

I Aar-XXzw tZth`y BKm-bm-\oXv \`n lnXm-h-àhy artXym-cm-ßm\w K

XymKm-tb-Xv, kz[mw ]nXr`y Bimw ]cn-l-c m-WoXn
a\p-tj`y kv XrtWm-ZIw ]ip`yx Rm³ C{µ-\n _ew sImSp¡pw F¶p-h¨v FÃm kzc-
kzÀ¤w temIw bP-am-\m-bm-¶am §fpw apg-¡-ap-Åh - b
- m-bpw, _e-ap-Å-h-bmbpw D¨-cn-¡-
ß\ BKmbm \ntXy-Xm\n a\Êm s¸-tS-­-h-bm-Ip-¶p. Rm³ {]Pm-]-Xn-¡v, Ah-\-hs\ Zm\w
sN¿s« F¶p hnNm-cn-¨v, FÃm Dujvam-¡fpw DÅnÂ
[ymb¶ {]W¯x kvXphoX
{]th-in-¸n-¡-s¸-Sm-¯-h-bm-bpw, shfn-bn XÅ-s¸-Sm-¯-
Rm³ tZh-·mÀ¡v Aar-XXzw km[n-¨p- sIm- Sp-¡-s«. ]nXr- h-bmbpw hnhrX {]b-Xv\-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snbpw ]d-b-s¸-tS-­-h-
¡Ä¡v DÅ kz[ Rm³ BKm\w sN¿-s«. a\p-jyÀ¡v bm-Ip-¶p. arXyp- hn \n¶v Ah- \-hs\ Rm³ ]cn- l-cn-¡s«
Bisb B Km\w sN¿-s«. ]ip- ¡Ä¡v ]pÃpw shÅhpw F¶p hnNm-cn-¨v, FÃm kv]Ài-§-fpw, kmh-[m-\-¯nÂ
BKm\w sN¿-s«. bP-am-\\v kzÀ¤-tem-Is¯ BKm\w asämcp hÀ®-t¯mSp Ie-cm-¯-h-bm-bn, D¨-cn-¡-s¸-tS-­-
sN¿-s«. bP-am-\\v kzÀ¤-tem-Is¯ BKm\w sN¿-s«. h-bm-Ip-¶p. Ahsb D¨-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ Rm³ Pem-Zn-If - nÂ
F\n¡v A¶s¯ BKm\w sN¿-s«. C§s\ Ch a\-Êp- \n¶p _me-·msc F¶-Xp-t]m-se, arXyp-hnÂ\n¶v Bßm-
sIm­v [ym\n¨p {]am-Zw IqSmsX kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. hns\ ]cn-l-cn-¡s« F¶v [ym\n-¡p-Ibpw thWw.
kÀth-kzc C{µky ff ßm\x kÀh Du
jvaWmx {]Pm-]tX cmßm\x kÀth Ccp-] -¯ n- aq¶mw JÞw
kv]Àiw artXym-cm-ßm-\kvXw bZn kztc
{Xtbm [À½-kvI-Ôm, btÚm f [yb\w
jq ]me-t`-tX{µw icWw {]]t¶m f
Zm\-anXn {]Y-a, kvX] Gh ZznXo-tbm,
`qhw kXzm {]Xn-h-£y-Xo-tXy\w {_qbm-Xv.
{_Ò-NÀ¿m NÀ¿ Ipe-hmko XrXob f
FÃm kzc-§fpw _ew \ÂIp¶ {]mWsâ Bßm-¡- Xy´-am-ßm-\am NÀ¿-Ipte ff hkmZ
fm-Ip-¶p. FÃm Dujvam-¡fpw {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS Bßm-¡-fm-
b³, kÀh GtX ]pWy-temIm `h´n;
Ip-¶p. FÃm kv]Ài- §fpw arXyp- hnsâ Bßm-¡-fm- Ip-¶p.
C{]- Im-c-a-dn-bp¶ DZvKm-Xm-hns\ kzc- §sf kw_-Ôn¨v Ipä- {_Ò-kwtØm f arX-Xz-ta-Xn.
s¸-Sp-¯p-Ib - m-sW-¦n Rm³ C{µs\ icWw {]m]n-¨n-«p- [À½-kI v -Ô-§Ä aq¶m-Ip-¶p. Ah bÚw, A[y-b-
­v. C{µ³ \nt¶mSv D¯cw ]d-bpw. F¶v Ipä-s¸-Sp-¯n-b- \w, Zm\w F¶n-h-bm-Ip- ¶p. H¶m- a- t¯Xp kvIÔhpw c­m-
h-t\mSv ]d-b-Ww. a-t¯Xv X]Êpw BIp-¶p. aq¶m-a-t¯-Xv, BNm-cy-Ip-e-
AY btZy\ aqjvakq ]me-t`-X, {]Pm ¯n hkn-¡p¶ ioe-ap-Å-h\ - pw, Ah-km-\w-htc Bßm-
hns\ BN-cy-Ip-e- ¯n £oWn- ¸n-¡p-¶-h\pw Bb, {_Ò-
]Xnw icWw {]]t¶m f `qhw kXzm
Nm-cn-bm-Ip-¶p. Ch-scÃmw ]pWy-tem-I§
- -fp-Å-h-cm-Ip-¶p.
{]Xn-t]-jy-Xo-tXy\w {_qbmXv; AY {_Ò-¯n {]hÀ¯n- ¡p-¶-h³ Aar-XXzw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
btZy\w kv]Àtijp ]me-t`-X, arXypw
{]Pm]XnÀ tÃmIm-\-`y-X-]Xv tXt`ym f
icWw {]]t¶m f `qhw kXzm {]
ZnX ]vtX`y-kv{Xbo hnZymkw {]m{k-hXv;
Xn[-£y-X o-tXy\w {_qbm-Xv.
Xma-`y-X-]Xv Xkym A`n-X-]vXmbm
AXp-t]mse Xs¶, D¤m-Xm-hn-s\, Dujvam-¡sf kw_- GXm-\y-£-cmWn kw{]m-{k-hX `qÀ `hx kzcnXn
Ôn¨v Ipä-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ib- m-sW-¦nÂ, Rm³ {]Pm-]-Xnsb
icWw {]m]n-¨n-«p-­v. B tZh³ \ns¶ kwNqÀ®\w {]Pm-]-Xn, temI-§sf DtZ-in¨v [ym\-cq-]-amb X]Êp
sN¿pw F¶v Ch-t\mSp ]d-bW - w. AXp-t]mse DZvKm-Xm- sNbvXp. A`n-X- ]vX- §-fmb Btem-I-§- fn \n¶v {Xbo- hnZy
hnsâ kv]Ài-\-§-sf, kw_-Ôn¨v Ipä-s¸-Sp-¯p-I-bm-sW- h¶p. B, {Xbo-hn-Zysb Dt±-in¨v A`n-X-]n-¨p. A`n-X-]vX-
¦nÂ, Rm³ arXyp-hns\ icWw {]m]n-¨n-«p-­v. B tZh³ amb B {Xbo-hn-Zy-bn \n¶v `qx `qhx kzx F¶o A£-c-
\ns¶ Zln-¸n¡pw F¶v Ipä-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-ht- \mSv ]d-b-Ww. §Ä e`n-¨p.

kÀth k cmtLm-j-ht´m _e-ht´m - Xv; tXt`ym f `nX-]vtX`y HmwImcx

Xm\y-`y-X]
hàhym Ct{µ-_ew ZZm-\oXn; kÀh kw{]-{k-hXv; XZyYm i¦p\m kÀhmWn
DujvWmtWm f {KkvXm A\n-ckvXm hnhrXm ]À®m\n kwXr-®m-t\yh taw ItcW
hà hyx {]Pm-]tX cmßm\w kÀhm hmIv kwXr®m Hmw Imw Gth
]cn-`Zm \oXn; kÀth-kv]Àim-te-ti\m Zw kÀhw

N P
 211
I Ahsb A`n-X-]n¨p. A`n-X-]X
v -§-fm-b, B A£-c-§-
fn \n¶v, Hmw Imcw {]{k-hn-¨p. B HmwIm-c-cq-]a
- mb
{_Òw F§n-s\-bp-Ås - X-¶mÂ, FÃm Ce-Ifpw Ce-¯-
­n-\m hym]vX-§Ä Bbn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, AXp-t]mse
FÃm hm¡pw HmwIm-c -¯m hym]vX- a m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
CsXÃmw HmwImcw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p.
Ccp-] -¯ n- \ memw JÞw
{_Ò hmZn-t\m-h-Z´n bZv hkq\mw {]mXx
kh\w cq{ZmWmw am[yw Zn\w kh\ am`n
Xym\mw N hntiz jmw N tZhm\mw
XrZo-b -k-Z\w
{_Ò-hm-Zn-IÄ ]d-bp¶p: {]mXx kh-\-sa¶p {]kn-²-
am-bn-«pÅ tXtXm, AXv hkp-¡-fpsS hI-bm-Ip-¶p. a[ym-
Ó- ¯n-epÅ kh\w cp{Z-·m- cpsS hI-bm- Ip-¶p. aq¶m-as¯ ¶p. temI- ¯nsâ Zzmcw Xpd-¡-tW. \mw sshcm- Py- ¯n-\mbn
kh\w BZn-Xy-·m-cp-tSbpw hniz-tZ-h-·m-cp-tSbpw BIp-¶p. At§ ImW-s«.
Iz XÀln bP-am-\ky temI-CXn kb-kvXwX
hnZym-XvIYw IpÀ¿mXv? AY hnZzm³ IpÀ¿Xv
At¸mÄ bP-am-\\v temIw FhnsS? CsöpÅXp-
sIm­v temIw hm§n-¡p-hm- \pÅ D]mbw Bcv Adn-bm-Xn-
cn-¡p-¶p-thm, Ah³ F§ns\ bÚw sN¿pw? AXn-\mÂ
Adn-ªn-«p-Å-h³ sN¿-Ww.
]pcm {]mX-c\p hmI tkym]m-I-c-Wm-ÖL
t\\ KmÀl-]-Xy-tkym-Z§v apJ D]-hniy
khm-khw kmam-`n-Km-bXn:þ tem 3 I
Zzmc-a-]mhm 3 Wq 33 ]tiy a Xzm
hbw cm 33333 lp 3 av B 33 Pym
3 tbm 3 B 32 CXn.
{]X-c\p hmI-¯nsâ Bcw-`-¯n\p ap³]v KmÀl-]-Xym-
án-bpsS ]nd-In Bbn«v hS-t¡m«p apJ-ambn Ccp-¶v, bP-
am-\³ hkp-¡Ä tZh- X-bm-bn-«pÅ kmaw A`n-Km\w sN¿p-
¶p. temI-Zzmcw Xpd-¡q. \mw cmPy-¯n-\mbn A§tb
ImW-t«.
AY-Pq-tlmXn þ \tam f átb ]rYn-ho-£n
tX, temI-£ntX temIw ta bP
am\mb hnssµj sshb-P-am-\ky temI
GX-kvay{X bP-am\x ]c-kvXm-Zmbpjx
kzml f- ]-Pln ]cn-L-an-Xyp-tàz-¯n-jXn
Xkvssa-h-khx {]mXx kh\w kw{]bÑ´n
A\-´cw Xmsg-¸-db - p¶ a{´w- sIm­v tlman-¡p-¶p.
hrYnhn temI-¯n hkn-¡p-¶p. Aán-bm-b, At§¡v
\a-kI
v m-cw. Pb-am-\-\mb F\n-¡mbn temIw e`n-¡-tW.
N P
CXv bP-am-\-\mb Fsâ temI-am-W.v bP-am-\-\mb Rm³, K
Pohn-Xm-Imew Ignªv, Cu temI- ¯n Kan-¡p-am-dm-I-tW.
kzml! temI-Zzm-c-¯nsâ AÀ¤-f-s¯, \o¡-tW. C§s\
]dªp Fgp- t¶Â¡p- ¶p. B bP-am-\\v hkp- ¡Ä, {]mXx
kh-\-t¯mSp kw_- Ôn¨ temIw, sImSp-¡p-¶p.
]pcm-am[yw Zn\ky kh-\-tkym-]m-I-cWm
ÖL-t\\ ff áo{[n-b-tkym-Z-§vapJ D]
hniy kpcu{Zw kam`nKm-bXn þþ tem 3
I Zzmc-a-]mh 3 À Wq ]tiy aXzm
hbw sshcm 33333 lp 3 av B 33
tPym 3 tbm 3 B 32 CXn.
am[yw Zn\-amb kh- \-¯nsâ Bcw-`- ¯n-\p-ap³]v, Z£n-
Wm- án-bpsS ]nd-InÂ, hS-t¡m«p apJ-ambn Ccp-¶n- «v, bP-
am- \ ³, cp{Z³ tZh-X- bm-bn-«pÅ kmas¯ A`n-Km\w sN¿p-
AY-Pq-tlmXn:þ \tam hmb-th f -´-co£
£ntX temI £ntX, temIw ta
bPam\mb hµ; Gj ssh bP-am\m
kytemIx, GXm-kvay{X bP-am\x ]c
kvXmZmbpjx kzmlm f ]Pln ]cnL
anXyp-tàzm-¯n-jvTXn; X kvssacp{Zm am[yw
Zn\w kh\w kw{]-b-Ñ-´n.
A\-´cw tlman-¡p-¶p. A´-co£ temI-¯n hkn-
¡p-¶- h-\mb hmbp-hn\v \a-kI
v m-cw. bP-am- \-\mb F\n-¡p-
th­n temIs¯ e`n-¡-tW. CXv bP-am-\sâ temI-am-Ip-
¶p. bP-am-\\
- mb Rm³, Bbp-Êp-I-gnªp Cu temI-
¯n Kan-¡p-am-dm-I-tW. kzml, temI-Zzm-c-¯n-epÅ hne-
§p-XSn \o¡p-¶p F¶p ]d-ªn«v Ah³ D°m\w sN¿p-
¶p. Ah\v cq{Z·mÀ a[yw Zn\-¯n-epÅ kh\w \evIp-¶p.
]pcm XrXo-b-k-h\ tkym]m-I-cWm
Ö-L-t \\m f lh-\ob kymZ-§vapJ
D]-hn[y k BZnXyw k sshiz-tZhw
kam-`n-Km-bXn:þ tem 3 I Zzmc-a-]mhm
ZÀ Wq 33 ]tiy-aXzm hbw kzmcm
33333 lp 3 av B 33 Pym 3 tbm B
32''' CXym-ZnXyw; AY sshiz-tZhw:þ
tem 3 I Zzmc am]mhm 3À Wq 33 ]tiy
aXzm-]bw kzcm 33333 lp 3 av B
33 Pym 3 tbm 3 B 32 ''' CXn 13
aq¶m-as¯ kh-\-¯nsâ Bcw-`¯ - n\p ap³]v, Bl-
h-\o-bm-án-bpsS ]nd-In hS-t¡m«p apJ-am-bn-«n-cp-¶v, bP-
 212

I am-\³, BZn-Xy³ tZh-\m-bn-«pÅ kma-t¯-bpw, hniz-tZ-h- Cu BZn-Xy³ tZh-·mÀ¡v a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Ba-[p-hn\v K

·mÀ tZh-X-bm-bn-«pÅ kma-t¯bpw A`n-Km\w sN¿p-¶p. tZymhp Xs¶, Ipdp-sI-bpÅ apf-bm-Ip-¶p. BImiw a[z-
temI-Zzmcw Xpd-¡p-I, \mw kzcm-Py-¯n-\mbn A§sb ]q-]-am-Ip-¶p. civan-IÄ `qa-§-fpsS Ip«n-I-fm-Ip-¶p.
ImWs« F¶v BZn-Xy³ tZh-X-bm-bn-«pÅ kmaw sNmÃp-
Xky tb {]mt©m-ci - va-bkvXm Ghmky
¶p. ho­pw hniz-tZ-h·- mÀ tZh-X-bm-bn-«pÅ kmaw sN¿p-
¶p. temI-Zzm-cs¯ A]m-h-cWw sNbvI. \mw kzcm-Py-¯n- {]mtNym-a-[p-\mUyx EN Gh a[p-IrX
\mbn Km\w sN¿p-¶p. EtKzZ Gh ]pjv]w, Xm AarXm B]x
AY-Pq-tlmXn þþ \a BZn-tXy-`yÝ B BZn-Xysâ Ing-t¡m-«pÅ civan-IÄ GXm-tWm,
hntez-`ykvO tZth t`ym Znhn £nZvt`ym AXp-Xs¶ Cu a[p-hnsâ Ing-t¡m-«pÅ \mUn-I-fm-Ip-¶p.
EXp-¡Ä Xs¶ a[p-Ir-¯p-IÄ BIp-¶p. EtKzZw Xs¶
temI-£nZvt`ym temIw ta bP
]qhv BIp-¶p. tkmaw, BPyw apX-em-bh ]pjv]-§-fn-
am\mb hnµX 14 Gj ss] bP epÅ A¸p-I-fm-Ip-¶p. EtKzZw F¶ i_vZw-sIm-­p-t±-in-
am\ky temI GXm-kvay{X ]c-kvXm-Zmbp ¡p-¶-Xv, EtKz-Z-¯m-epÅ IÀ½w BIp-¶p.
jx kzmlm f ]lX ]cn-L-anXyp Xmhm GXm EN GX-ar-tKzZ a`yX
tàzm¯n- jvTXn. ]wkvX-kym-`n-X]
- vXk
- yb ikvtXP C{µnbw
CXn-\p-tijw tlman-¡p-¶p. Zyp temI-¯n hkn-¡p- hoÀ¿-a-¶mZyw ctkm f PmbX
¶-hc- mb BZn-Xy-·mÀ¡m-bpw, hniz-tZ-h· - mÀ¡mbpw \a-
A§n-s\-bpÅ Cu E¡p-IÄ Cu EtKz-Zs¯ A`n-X-
kv¡-cn-¡p-¶p. bP-am-\-\mb F\n-¡p-th­n temIw e`n-
]n-¨p. A`n-X-]n-¡-s¸« AXn\v IoÀ¯n-bpw, tZl-Zo-]vXn-bpw,
¡tW. CXv bP-am- \sâ temI- am- Ip-¶p. bP-am- \-\mb Rm³
C{µn-b-hpw, hoÀ¿- hpw, BIp¶ ckw D­m-bn. IÀ½-¯nÂ
BbpÊp Ign-ªv, Chn-sS¡v Kan-¡p-am-dm-I-tW. kzml
\n¶p-­m-Ip¶ ckw ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p.
AÀK-fs¯ A]-l-\n-¡s« F¶p ]d-ªn«v D°m\w sN¿p-
¶p. XZzy£c-¯-Zm-ZnXym a`ntXm f {ibXv;
Xkvam BZn-XymÝ hntKz-Nt- Zhm XZzm GXZy tZX-Zm-ZnXy kytcmlnXw cq]w
kvXrXobw kh\w kw{]-b-Ñ´n; biÊp apXÂ A¶mZyw hsc- bp-ÅXv Kan-¨p. AXv BZn-
Gj l ssh bÚ kymam{Xmw Xysâ Hcp hi¯v B{i-bn-¨p. BZn-Xysâ XpSp¯ Cu
cq]w GXmtWm AXv CXm-Ip-¶p.
thZ, b Ghw thZ b Ghw thZ.
B bP-am-\\v BZn-Xy-·mcpw hniz-tZ-h-·mcpw aq¶m-
as¯ kh\w \ÂIp-¶p. Bcv C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-¶p-thm, c­mw JÞw
B bP-am-\³ bÚ-¯nsâ alm-ßys¯ Adn-bp-¶p. b AYtb f ky Z£n-Wm-c-iva-bkvXm Ghmky
Ghw thZ F¶p c­p-{]m-hiyw ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶Xv Cu
Z£nWm a[p\m tUymbPqw tjyh a[pIr
A²ymbw Ah-km-\n¨p F¶v ImWn-¡m-\m-Wv.
tXm bÖqÀthZ Gh ]pjv]w Xm AarXm
B]x
aq¶mw A²ymbw ]ns¶ Chsâ sXt¡m- «pÅ civan-IÄ GXm-tWm, AXp
H¶mw JÞw Xs¶ BZn-Xy-\m-Ip¶ a[p-hnsâ sXt¡m-«pÅ a[p-\m-Un-
(hn-i n-ã -^ -e -{ ]m-] vX n- ¡ mbn bÚ hnj- b -§ fpw bm-Ip-¶p. bPq-Êp-IÄ Xs¶ a[p-Ir-¯p-IÄ BIp-¶p.
bÚmwK `qX-§-fp-am- b, kma- tlm-a-a- t{´m-°m-\-§fpw D]- bPqÀtÆZw Xs¶ ]pjv]w BIp-¶p. B Aar-X-§Ä A¸p-
tZ-in¨p Ign-ªp. kÀh-bÚ - -§-fp-tSbpw ^e-cq-]-\mb IÄ BIp-¶p.
kqcy³ al-¯mb {iotbm-Sp-IqSn AXy´w Pzen-¨p-sIm- Xm\nhm GXm-\n-bPqw tjyXw bPqÀth
­n-cn-¡p-¶p. kÀh-{]m-Wn-If - p-tSbpw IÀ½- §-fpsS ^e-am- Za-`y-X]
- ³; Xkym-` n-X]
- vXky bi-kvtXP
bn-cn-¡p¶ Cu BZn-Xy-s\, {]Xy-£-ambn FÃm-hcpw D]-
C{µnbw hoÀ¿-a-¶mZyw ctkm f PmbX
Po- hn-¡ p-¶p.)
2 XZzy£c¯ ZmZn-Xy-a-`ntXm f {ipbXv;
Hmw Aku hm BZntXym tZh-a[p;
XZzm GX-Zy-tZX ZmZn-Xyky ip¢w cq]w
Xky Zyu tch-Xnc Ýo\-hw-tim f-´cn
Cu bPq-Êp-IÄ bPqÀth-Z-hn-ln-X-amb IÀ½w A`n-X-
£a-]q-t]m, aco-Nbx ]p{Xmx
]n-¨p. A`n-X-]n-¡-s¸« AXn\v biÊpw tXPÊpw C{µn-
N P
 213

I bhpw hoÀ¿hpw A¶m-Zy-hp-am-Ip¶ ckw P\n-¨p. B IÀ½- Zn-IÄ A¸p-I-fm-Ip-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ Cu AYÀhmw-Kn-c-
K
^- e- am-Ip¶ ckw Kan¨p; AXv BZn- Xysâ Hcp hi¯v B{i- Êp-IÄ Cu CXn-lm-k-]p-cm-Ws¯ A`n-X-]n-¸n-¨p. A`n-X-
bn-¨p. BZn-Xysâ Cu ip¢-amb cq]w GtXm AXv Cu ]n-¡-s¸« CXn-lm-k- ]p-cm-W-¯n\v bi-Êpw, tXPÊpw C{µn-
a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. bhpw hoÀ¿hpw A¶m-Zyhpw ck-ambn P\n-¨p. AXp Kan-
¨p. AXv BZn-Xysâ Hcp hi¯v B{i-bn-¨p. BZn-Xysâ
AY-tb fky {]Xy-t©m-c-ivab kvXm Ghmky
Cu Gähpw Idp¯ cq]w GtXm AXv B ckw Xs¶
{]Xy-t©m-a-[ p-\mUyx kmam-t \yh a[p-IrXx -bm-Wv.
kma thZ Gh ]pjv]w Xm AarXm B]x
Xm\nhm GXm\n kmam-t\yXw kma-thZ
a`y X]³, Xkym-`n-X-]vXky bikvtX P
A©mw JÞw
C{µnbw hoÀ¿ a¶mZyw ctkm f PmbtX AYtb f tkymÀ²m-c-iva-bkvXm Ghmtkym
XZz-£-cXv XZm-Zn-Xy-a-`ntXm f {ibXv; XZzm À²zm a[p-\mtUym Kplym Gh ff tZim
GXZv btZ-X-Zm-ZnXy ky IrjvWw cq]w. a[p-IrtXm {_ssÒh ]pjv]w Xm A
arXm B]x
Cu BZn- Xysâ ]Sn- ªm- tdm«p t]mIp¶ civanIÄ GXm-
tWm, AXv Cu a[p-hnsâ {]Xy-¡p-If - mb a[p-\m-Un-IÄ
BIp-¶p. kma-§Ä Xs¶ {`a-c-§Ä BIp-¶p. kma-th-Z- tXhm GtX Kplym BtZim GX
¯m hn[n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ IÀ½w ]pjv]w BIp-¶p. B Aar- Xv{_Òm`y X]³; Xkym`n X]vkky
X-§Ä A¸p-If - m-Ip-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ Cu kma-§Ä, bi-kvtXP C{µnbw hoÀ¿-a-¶mZyw
kma-th-Z-¯n hn[n-¨n-«pÅ IÀ½w A`n-X-]n-¸n-¨p. A`n-X-
ctkm f PmbX
]n- ¡ - s ¸« AXn\v bi- Ê pw, tXP- Ê pw, C{µn-b -h pw,
hoÀ¿hpw A¶m-Zy-hp-am-Ip¶ ckw P\n-¸n-¨p. B ckw
Kan- ¨p. AXv BZn- Xysâ Hcp hi¯v B{i-bn- ¨p. BZn- Xysâ XZz-£-cmXv XZm-ZnXy a`ntXm f {ibXv
Cu IrjvW-amb cq]w GtXm, AXv Cu IÀ½-^-e-amb XZzm GXZ btZX ZmZn-Xy-ky-at[y
a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. t£m`X Ch.
]ns¶ Chsâ taÂt¸m-«pÅ civan- IÄ GXmtWm AXv
\memw JÞw Cu a[p-hnsâ taevt]m-«pÅ a[p-\m-Un-IÄ BIp-¶p. cl-
kr-§-fmb D]-tZ-i-§Ä Xs¶ a[p-Ir-¯p-If - m-Ip-¶p.
AY-tb-tky-Z-t©m-ci
- vab kvXm Ghmtkym {_Òw Xs¶ ]pjv]-am-Ip-¶p. Btkm-am-Zn-IÄ A¸p-If - m-
ZotNym a[p-\mUyx AY-Àhm§v Kn ck Ip-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ Cu Kply-§-fmb D]-tZ-i-§Ä Cu
Gh a[p-IrX CXn-lmk ]pcmWw ]pjv]w, {_Òs¯ A`n-X-]n-¸n-¨p. A`n-X-]n-¡-s¸« {_Ò-¯n\v
Xm AarXm B]x biÊpw tXPÊpw C{µn-bhpw hoÀ¿hpw A¶m-Zyhpw ck-
ambn D­m- bn. B ckw Kan- ¨p. AXv BZn-Xys\ Hcp hi¯v
tXhm GtXm f YÀhm§v Kock GX-ZnXn B{i-bn-¨p. BZn-Xysâ a²y-¯n GXmtWm Cu t£m`n-
lmk ]pcm-W-a-`y-X-]³ Xkym-`n-X]vX ¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse Ccn-¡p-¶Xv AXp Cu ck-am-Ip-¶p.

ky bi-kvtXP C{µnbw hoÀ¿-a-¶mZyw tXhm GtX ckm\mw ckx thZmln

ctkm f PmbX
XZvhy-£-cXv XZm-Zn-Xy-a-`ntXm f {ibXv
XZzm GXXv btZX ZmZnXy ky]cw
IrjvWw cq]w.
Chsâ hS-t¡m-«pÅ civan-IÄ GXmtWm Ah Xs¶
Cu a[p-h nsâ hS-t¡m-«pÅ a[p \mUn-I -f m-I p-¶ p.
AYÀhm-hn-\mepw A§v Koc-Ên-\mepw I­p-]n-Sn-¡-s¸-«n-
«pÅ a{´- §Ä Xs¶ {`a-c-§-fm-Ip-¶p. CXn-lm-khpw ]pcm-
Whpw ]pjv]-am- Ip-¶p. IÀ½-¯n {]tbm-Kn- ¡p¶ tkmam-
ckm kvtXjm-tatX ckmx Xm\n hm
GXm-\y-arXm \ma-ar-Xm\n; thZmly
arXm-kvtX-jmta Xm\y-ar-Xm-\n.
taÂ]-dª {]Im-c-apÅ tcmln-Xm-Zn-cq-]h - n-ti-j-§Ä
ck-§-fpsS ck-§-fm-Ip-¶p. thZ-§Ä ck-§-fm-Ip-¶p.
tcmln-Xm-Zn-cq- ]-hn-ti-j- §Ä, B thZ- §-fp-tSbpw AXy´w
kmc-`q-X- §-fpw BIp-¶p. A§n-s\-bpÅ Ch Aar-X-§-
fp-tSbpw Aar-X- §-fm-Ip-¶p. Fs´-¶m thZ-§Ä Aar-
X- §-fm-Ip-¶p. Cu tcmln-Xm-Zn-cq-]-§Ä Ahbv¡pw Aar-
X-§- fm-Ip- ¶p.

N P
 214

I Bdmw JÞw k b GX tZh-a-arXw thZ cp{ZmWm K

XZyXv {]Y-a-a-arXw XZz-k-h-D-]-Po-h´y ansshtIm `qtXzt{µ ssWh aptJssX
án \map-tJ\; \ ssh tZhm Aiv\´n tZhm-arXw Zrãzm Xr]yXn; k GX
\ ]n_-t´yX tZhm-arXw Zrãzm Xr ]y´n. tZh cq] a`n kwhn-itXy Xkvam {Zp]m
ZptZ-X n.
Ah-bn H¶m-as¯ AarXw GtXm AXns\ hkp-
¡Ä Aán-bm-Ip¶ apJw sIm­v D]- Po- hn-¡p- ¶p. tZh-·mÀ C{]-Imcw Cu AarXw Bcv Adn-bp- ¶pthm Ah³ cp{Z-
Ain-¡p-¶n-Ã. ]m\w sN¿p-¶n-Ã. Aar-Xs¯ FÃm Ic-W- ·m-cn Hcp- h- s\- t¸mse Bbn-¯oÀ¶n«v C{µ-\m-Ip¶ apJw-
§-sf-sIm­pw A\p-`h - n-¨n«v Xr]vX- cm-Ip-¶p. sIm­v CtX AarXw ZÀin¨p Xr]vX-\m- Ip-¶p. Ah³ CtX
cq]w t\m¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu cq]-¯nsâ t`mK-¯n-\mbn
X GX tZh cq] a`n-kw-hn-it´y X
DÕm-l-ap-Å-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
kvam {Zp]m Zp Zy´n
k bmh ZmZnXyx ]pc-kvXm-Zp-tZXm
AhÀ Cu cq]w Xs¶ t\m¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu cq]w
]Ým-Z-kvX-taXm ZznkvXm-hZv Z£n
A\p-`h
- n-¡p-¶-Xn-\mbn DÕm- l-ap-Å-h-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
WX DtZ-tXm-¯-ctXm f kvXta-Xmcp
k b GX-tZ-h-a-arXw thZ
{ZmWm tah-Xm-h-Zm-[n-]Xyw kzmcmPyw
hkv{X-\m-an-sshtIm `qXzm f án ss\h
]Àt¿-X m.
aptJm ss\ XtZ-hm-arXw Zrãzm Xr]y
F{X-Im-et- ¯mfw BZn-Xy³ Ing¡v DZn-¡-bpw, ]Sn-
Xn. k GX tZh cq] a`n kwhni
ªmdv AkvX-an-¡-bpw sN¿p-¶p-thm, AXnsâ Cc-«n-¡mew
tXy Xkvam {Zp]m-Zp-t`-Xn. sX¡p- Zn-¡n DZn- ¡p- Ibpw hS- ¡p- Zn- ¡n AkvX-an- ¡p- Ibpw
Cu AarXw Bcv Adn-bp-¶pthm Ah³ hkp-¡-fn sN¿p-¶p. A{X- t¯m- fw- Imew hnZzm³ cp{Z- ·m- cpsS B[n-]-Xy-
Hcp-h-s\-t¸mse Bbn-¯oÀ¶n«v Aán-bm-I p¶ apJw- t¯bpw kzcm-Py-t¯bpw FÃm- bn- S¯pw {]m]n-¡pw.
sIm­v Cu tcmln-X-cq-]a - m-Ip¶ AarXw ZÀin¨p Xr]vX-
\m-bn- ¯o-cp-¶p. Ah³ Cu cq]w t\m¡n-s¡m-­n-cn- ¡p-¶p.
Cu cq]w A\p-`h - n-¡p-hm-\mbn DÕm-la- p-Å-h-\m-bn-¯o- F«mw JÞw
cp-¶p. AY-bXv XrXo-b-a-arXw X`m-ZnXym D]
k bmh-Zm-ZnXyx ]pc-kvXm-Zp-tZXm ]Ým Poh´n hcp-tW\ aptJ\; \ ssh
ZkvXta Xm hkv{X\m tah Xmh-Zm[n tZhm Aiv\´n \ ]n_-t´yX tZhm
]Xyw kzmcmPyw ]Àt¿Xm arXw Zrãzm Xr]y-´n.
B hnZzm³ BZn-Xy³ Ing-t¡ Zn¡n DZn-¡bpw ]Sn- aq¶m-as¯ AarXw GtXm AXns\ BZn-Xy-·mÀ hcp-
ªmtd Zn¡n AkvX-an-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶n-S-t¯mfw Ws\ apJ-am¡n D]-Po-hn-¡p-¶p. tZh-·mÀ `£n-¡p-¶n-Ã.
Imew hkp-¡-fpsS B[n-]X - y-t¯-bpw, kzcm-Py-t¯bpw ]m\w sN¿p-¶n-Ã. Cu cq]-am-Ip¶ Aar-Xs¯ ZÀin¨p
FÃm-bn-S¯pw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Xr]vX-cm-Ip-¶p.
X GX-tZh cq] a`n kwhn-i-t´y
Ggmw JÞw Xkvam-{Zp]m ZpZy´n
AY-bZv ZznXo-b-a-arXw X{Zp{Zm D]Po AhÀ Cu cq]w t\m¡n-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu cq]w
h´o-t{µW aptJ\; \ sshtZhm A A\p-`h
- n-¡p-¶-Xn-\mbn DÕm- l-ap-Å-h-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
iv\´n X]n _t´y X tZhm-arXw Zr k b GX-tZ-h-a-arXw thZf ZnXym
ãzmXr-]y´n X GX-tZh cq]-a`n kw \manssh tIm `qXzm hcptW ss\h
hnit´y Xkvam {Zp]m-Zp-Zy-´n. aptJss\ XtZ-hm-arXw Zrãzm-Xr-]y-Xnþ
c­m- as¯ AarXw GtXm AXv cp{Z-·mÀ C{µ-\m-Ip¶ k GX-tZh cq]-a`n kwhn-itXy
apJw-sIm­v D]- Po-hn- ¡p-¶p. tZh- ·mÀ Ain- ¡p-¶nÃ; ]m\w Xkvam tZh cq]m Zp t`Xn
sN¿p-¶nÃ; Cu AarXw ZÀin-¨n«v Xr]vX-cm-Ip-¶p. AhÀ
Cu AarXw Bcv Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Ah³ BZn-Xy-·m-
CtX cq]w t\m¡n-sIm­v kzkvX-cm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu cq]-
cn Hcp- h-s\- t¸mse Bbn- ¯oÀ¶n- «v, hcp- Ws\¯s¶ apJ-
¯nsâ t`mK-¯n- \mbn DÕm-l-ap-Å-h-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
N P
 215
I am¡n CtX AarXw ZÀin-¨n«v Xr]vX-\m-Ip-¶p. Ah³ CtX
cq]w t\m¡n-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu cq]w A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-
Xn-\p-th­n DÕm-l-ap-Å-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
k bmh ZmZntXym Z£n-WX DtZtXm
¯ctXm f kvXta Xm Zzn kvXmhXv ]ivOmZp
t`Xm ]pc-kvXt- aXm ff ZnXym-\m-ta-h Xm
hZm-[n-]Xyw kzmcmPyw ]Àt¿Xm
F{X-Imew BZn-Xy³ sXt¡ Zn¡n DZn- ¡bpw hS-t¡-
Zn-¡n AkvXa - n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm AXnsâ c­p-
KpWw Imew ]Sn-ªm- dp-Zn-¡bpw Ing¡v AkvX-an-¡p-Ibpw
sN¿p-¶p. A{X-t¯mfw Imew Ah³ BZn-Xy³am-cpsS
B[n-]-Xy-s¯bpw kzcm-Py-t¯bpw FÃm-bn-S¯pw {]m]n-
¡p-¶p.
H³]Xmw JÞw
AY-b-¨ -XpÀ°-a-arXw X·-cpX D]-Po-h´n
tkmta\ aptJ\; \ sshtZhm Aiv
\´n\ ]n_-t´yX tZhm-arXw Zrãm
Xr]y´nw X GX tZh-cq-]-a-`nkw
hnit´yXkvam-{Zp-] m-Zp-Zy´n
k b GX tZh-a-arXw thZ acpXm
ansshtIm `qXzm tkm ta ss\h-aptJ
ss\X tZhm arXw Zrãzm Xr]yXn;
k GX tZh cq]-a`n kwhn-itXy
Xkva m-{Zp-]m-Zp-tZ-X n.
kbm-h-Zm-ZnXyx ]Ým-Zp-t`Xm ]pckvXm
ZkvXt- aXm ZznkvXm-h-Zp-¯-cX Dt`Xm
Z£n-WtXm f kvXtaXm acp Xmh Zm[n
]Xyw kzcmPyw ]Àt¿-Xm.
\mem-as¯ Aar-X-ta-tXm, AXns\ acp-¯p-IÄ tkma
s\ apJ-am¡n D]-Po-hn-¡p-¶p. tZh-·mÀ Bin-¡p-¶n-Ã.
]m\w sN¿p-¶n-Ã. AhÀ AarXv ZÀin-¨n«v Xr]vX-·m-cm-Ip-
¶p. AhÀ CtX cq]s¯ t\m¡n-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu
cq]s¯ A\p-`-hn-¡m-\mbn DÕm-l-ap-Å-h-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
Cu AarXw Bcp Adn-bp-¶pthm Ah³ acp-¯p-I-fnÂ
Hcp-h-s\- t¸mse Bbn-¯oÀ¶n«v tkma³ Xs¶- bmb apJw-
sIm­p CtX AarXw ZÀin-¨n«v Xr]vX-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
Ah³ CtX cq]w t\m¡n- s¡m-­n- cn- ¡p- ¶p. Cu cq]w A\p-
`-hn-¡m-\mbn DÕm-l-ap-Åh- -\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. F{X- Imew h-
BZn-Xy³ ]Sn-ªmdv DZn-¡bpw Ing¡v AkvX-an-¡bpw
sN¿p-¶pthm AXnsâ KpWw hS-¡ p-Zn-¡bpw sX¡v
N P
AkvX-an-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Cu Imew B hnZzm³ acp- K
¯p-I Ä¡p-X -s ¶- b pÅ B[n-] -X y-t ¯bpw kzcm-P y-
t¯bpw FÃm-bn-S¯pw {]m]n-¡pw.
]¯mw JÞw
AY-bXv ]©-a-a-arXw XÕm-[ym-D -]-Po-h´n
{_ÒWm aptJ-\, \ ssh tZhm Aiv\´n
\]n _t´yX tZhm-arXw Zrãzm Xr]y-´n;
X GX-tZh cq]-a-`n-kw-hn-it´y Xkvam-{Zq]m
Zp Zy´n.
k b GX tZh-a-arXw thZ km[ym\
ansshtIm `qXzm {_Ò-ssWh aptJ
ss\X tZhm-arXw Zrã-]m-Xr-]y-Xn, k
GX tZh cq]-a-`n-kw-hn-itXy Xkvam
{Zp]m-Zp-tZ-Xn.
kbmh ZmZnXy D¯-cX DtZXm Z£n
WtXm f kvXta Xm ZznkvXm hZqÀ²z DtZXm
fÀhm§-kvXt- aXm km[ym-\m-ta-h-Xmh
Zm[n-]Xyw kzmcmPyw ]Àt¿Xm;
A©mas¯ Aar-X-tatXm AXns\ km[y-·mÀ {_Ò-
s¯, {_Òm-hns\ apJ-am¡n D]-Po-hn-¡p-¶p. tZh-·mÀ
Ain-¡p-¶n-Ã. ]m\w sN¿p-¶n-Ã. Cu AarXw ZÀin-¨n«v
Xr]vX- cm-Ip-¶p. Cu AarXw Bcp Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Ah³
km[y-·m-cn Hcp-h-s\-t¸mse Bbn-¯oÀ¶n-«p, {_Òm-hp-
Xs¶ bmb apJwsIm­v CtX AarXw ZÀin-¨n«v Xr]vX-
\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah³ CtX cq]s¯ t\m¡n Ccn-¡p-¶p.
Cu cq]s¯ A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-Xn-\mbn DÕm-l-ap-Å-h-\m-bn-
¯o-cp-¶p. BZn-Xy³ F{X-Imew hS¡v DZn-¡-bpw, sX¡v
AkvX-an-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p-thm, AXnsâ Cc-«n-Imew
DuÀ²z-`m-K-¯n DZn-¡bpw Xmsg AkvX- an-¡bpw sN¿p-
¶p. A{X-t¯mfw Imew Ah³ km²y-·mÀ¡p-ÅX - mb
B[n-]X - y-t¯bpw kzmcm-Py-t¯bpw ]cn-K-an-¡pw.
]Xn- s \m¶mw JÞw
AY XX DuÀ²z DtZXy ss\ thm
tZXm \mkvXt- a-Xm, GIe Gh
at²y ØmXm; XtZj tÇmIxþþ
AXn-\p-tijw {_Ò-am-bn- ¯oÀ¶v DbÀ¶n«v DZn-¡m-¯-
\ mbpw AkvXa - s¯ {]m]n-¡m-¯-h-\m-bn«pw GI-e-am-
bn«p X¶n¯s¶ ØnXn-s N¿pw B BÀ° \n³
CutÇmIw IqSn D­v .

I \ ssh X{X, \ \nt¾mN t\mZn-bmb IZm-N\
tZhm-kvtX-\mlw ktXy\ am hncm-[njn
{_Ò-tW-Xn.
B {_Ò-tem-I-¯n \o tNmZn-¡p-¶Xv CÃ. Hcn-¡epw
kqcy³ AkvX-an-¨n-«n-Ã. DZn-¨n-«n-Ã. AÃtbm tZh-·mtc!
Rm³ {_Ò-kz-cq-]- amb B kXy-t¯mSp hncp-²-\m-h-cp-tX.
\ lhm Akvam DtZXn \ \nt¾m-NXn
kIrXv Zn hm ssl hmkvssa `hXn
b GXm tahw {_tÒm-]-\n-jZw thZ.
C{]Imcw Cu {_tÒm-]-\n-j¯- ns\ Bcv Adn-bp-¶p-
thm, Ah³ DZn-¡ p-¶ n-Ã . AkvX -an-¡ p-¶ n-Ã. Ch¶v
Ft¸mgpw ]IÂ Xs¶.
Xss²-XZv {_Òm {]Pm-]-Xb DhmN
{]Pm-]-XnÀ½-\th a\px {]Pm`yx Xss²
XZp-±m-e-Imbm f cpWtb tPyjvT- fb]p
{Xmb ]nXm {_Ò-t{]m-hmN
A§n-s\-bpÅ Cu a[p Úm\s¯ lnc-Wy-KÀ`³
{]Pm-]-Xn¡v ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¯p. {]Pm-]Xn a\p-hn-\pw, a\p
{]P-IÄ¡pw Cu {_Ò-Úm\w tPyjvT-]p-{X-\mb Acp-
Wsâ A]-Xy-amb D±m-e-I\v ]nXmhv ]dªp sImSp-¯p.
CZw hmh XPv tPyãmb ]p{Xmb
]nXm {_Ò {]{_q-bmXv; {]mWmbymb
hmft´-hm-knt\; \m\y-kvssaI kvssa N\
A§-s\- bpÅ Cu {_Ò-s¯-¸än ]nXm- h,v tPyjvT-\mb
]p{X-t\m, tbmKy-\mb injyt\m ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¡-Ww.
A\y\v Hcp-¯\pw D]-tZ-in-¡-cp-Xv.
bZy-]ykvam Cam-aZv`nx ]cn-Kr-loXmw
[\ky ]q˨mw ZZym tZX tZhX
tXm`qb CtXyX tZh-X-tXm-`qb CXn.
Cu hnZym-Zm-Xm-hn\v Pe-¯m Npä-s¸-«-Xpw, [\w-
sIm­p ]qÀ®hpw Bb, Cu ]rYnsb sImSp- ¡p-I-bm- sW-
¦n t]mepw Cu a[p hnZym-Zm\w sN¿p- ¶Xv AXn- s\-¡mÄ
A[n-I-am-bn-«p-Å-Xm-Ip- ¶p.
]{´­mw JÞw
(]e Oµ-Êp-I-fp-Å-t¸mÄ, Kmb-{Xnsb¯s¶ {_Ò-
Úm-\-¯n\v Zzmc-ambn FSp-¯-Xv, Kmb- {Xn- ¡pÅ {]m[m\yw
sIm­m-W.v kmas¯ sIm­p-h-cp-¶Xv Kmb-{Xo-O-µ-Ên-ep-
Å, E¡p-IÄ sIm­m-W.v kma-s¯- sIm-­p-h- cp-¶-Xn- \mbn ]d-bp¶ {_Òw E¡n-\m {]Im-in-¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p.
tZh-·mÀ Kmb- {Xn, {Xnãp-¸v, PKXn Chsb \ntbm-Kn-¨- t¸mÄ,
PK-Xnbpw {Xnãv¸pw, X§Ä¡p iàn-bn-Ãm-¯-Xn-\mÂ,
]IpXn hgn-¡p-h¨v aS-§n-t]m-bn. Kmb{Xn tkma-¯nsâ
ASp-¡-se-¯n. Imh¡msc tXmev]n¨v AXv tZh-·mÀ¡v
N P
216
sIm­p-h-¶p-sIm-Sp-¯p. DjvWn-¡v, A\p-jSv p¸v apX- emb K
aäp Nµ- Êp-I- fpsS A£-c-kw- Jy-I-fn Kmb- {Xn-bpsS A£-
c-kwJy AS-§n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. C¡m-c-W-§-fm-seÃmw Kmb-
{Xn¡v bÚ-¯n {]m[m-\y-ap-­v. AXn-\m Kmb{Xn hgn-
bmbn {_Òw ]d-bp-¶p.)
Kmb{Xo hm CZw kÀhw `qXw bZnZw
InwN; hmssKz Kmb-{Xo, hmKzm CZw
kÀhw `qXw Kmb-Xn-{Xm-b-tXN
Cu PK-¯m-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv GsX-Ãm-tam, B `qX-saÃmw
Kmb-{Xn-bm-Ip-¶p. Kmb{Xn F¶Xv hm¡m-Ip-¶p. hm¡v Cu
`qXs¯ Km\w sNbvIbpw {XmWw sNbvIbpw sN¿p-¶p.
bm ssh km Kmb-{Xn, Cbw hmh km, tbbw
]rYnhn; Akymw loZw kÀhw `qXw {]Xn
jvTnXw; GXm tah XmXn iob-tX.
Cu Kmb{Xn GXmtWm AXv CXp-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. Cu
{]nYnhn GtXm AXp Kmb-{Xn- bm-Ip-¶p. Cu `qX-saÃmw Cu
{]nYn-hn-bn {]Xn-jT
v n-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXns\ AXn-i-bn-
¡p- ¶n-Ã.
bm sshkm ]rYn-hn, Cbw hmhkm bZn
Za-kvan³ ]pcptj ico-cw, Akvan³
lota {]mWx {]Xn-jvTnXmx G
\tZh \mXn-io-b-t´.
C{]-Im-c-apÅ ]rYnhn GXmtWm AXv CXm-Ip-¶p. Cu
icocw GtXm AXv CXm-Ip-¶p. Fs´-¶m Cu {]mW-
§Ä Cu ico-c-¯n {]Xn-jTv n-X-§fm- bn-cn-¡p-¶p. CXns\
AXn-i-bn- ¡p-¶n-Ã.
b ssZzXXv ]pcptj icoc anZw hmh-X-Xv,
bZn-Z-a´x ]pcp-tj-lr-Zbw; Akvan³
lota-{]mWmx {]Xn-jvTnXmx GX-tZh
\mXn- io-b -t´.
]pcp- j-\n-epÅ B icocw GtXm AXv ]pcp- jsâ DÅn-
epÅ Cu lrZ-ba - m-Ip-¶p. Fs´-¶m Cu {]mW-§Ä
Cu lrZ-b¯ - n {]Xn-jvTn-X-§-fm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. CXv AXn-
{I-an-¡p-¶n-Ã.
sskjm NXp-jv]Zm jUzn-[m Kmb{Xo
XtZX ZrNm f `y\qàw
A§n-s\-bpÅ Cu Kmb{Xo \mep-]m-Z§ - -tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-
bXpw Bdp- h n- [ - ¯ n- ep-
Å - X p-
a m- Ip-
¶ p. Cu Kmb{Xo F¶p
Xmhm-\ky alnam XtXm PymbmwÝ
]pcpjx ]tZmfky kÀhm-`q-Xm\n
{Xn]m-Z-kym-arXw Znhn.

I CXv Kmb{Xn F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv {_Ò-¯nsâ aln-ab
Ip- ¶p. ]pcp- j³ AXn- t\-¡mÄ al-¯-c-\m-Ip- ¶p. FÃm `qX- Êp-Å-h-\mbpw Xocp-¶p.
§fpw Chsâ \men-semcp `mK-am-Ip-¶p. Chsâ aq¶p-]m-
Z-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb AarXw tZymhn-em-Ip-¶p.
bssZz XZv {_tÒ-XoZw hmh-X-Xv, tbm bw
_lnÀ²m ]pcp-jm-ZmImix, tbm ssh k_
lnÀ²m ]pcpjm ZmImtimf bw hmh ktbf
ba´x ]pcpj BImix, tbm ssh tkmf
´x ]pcpj BImtim f bw hmh-ktbm f b
a ´À lrZb BImix, XtZ-XXv ]qÀ®
a {]hÀ¯n ]qÀ®m-a-{]-hÀ¯n\ow {inbw
e`ytX b Ghw thZ.
B {_Ò- sa¶p ]d- ªXv GtXm, AXv CXm-Ip- ¶p. ]pcp-
j-\n \n¶p shfn-¡pÅ Cu BImiw GtXm AXv CXm-
Ip-¶p. ]pcp-j\p shfn¡p¶ BImiw GtXm AXv CXm-
Ip-¶p. ]pcp-jsâ DÅn-epÅ Cu BImiw GtXm AXv
CXm-Ip-¶p. ]pcp-jsâ DÅn-epÅ Cu BImiw GtXm
AXv CXm-Ip-¶p. lrZ-b¯- n-\p-Ån-epÅ Cu BImiw
GtXm AXv CXm-Ip-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ lrZ- bm-Im-i- sa¶p
]d-bp¶ Cu {_Òw ]qÀ®hpw {]hÀ¯n-¡p¶ ioe-an-Ãm-
¯Xpw BIp-¶p. C{]-Imcw Bcp Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Ah\v
]qÀ®hpw \mi-an-Ãm-¯-Xp-amb {io e`n-¡p-¶p.
]Xn-aq¶mw JÞw
Xky lhm GXky lrZ-bky
]©-tZ-h -kp-j þ
bx, ktbm fky {]m§v kpjnx k {]mW, kvX
¨£px, k BZn-Xy, kvXtZ-X-t¯tPmf
¶mZy-anXyp ]mknX; tXPkzy¶mtZm `hXn
b Ghw thZw.
Cu {]Ir- X-amb lrZ-b-¯n\v A©p tZh-Zz-c-§Ä D­v.
lrZ-b-¯nsâ B Ing-¡pÅ Zzmcw GtXm AXv {]mW-\m-
Ip-¶p. AXp N£p-Êm-Ip-¶p. AXv BZn-Xy-\m-Ip-¶p. Cu
{]mW-s\¶p ]d-bp¶ {_Òs¯ tXPÊpw A¶m-Zyhpw
F¶p-h¨v D]m-kn-¡-Ww.
AY tbm fky Z£nWx kpjnx khy-\,
kvXNvt{im-{Xw, k N{µ-amkvX tZX Nvþ
OvdoÝ bi-tÝ-Xyp-]m-koX; {ioam³
b i kzo `hXn b Gh thZ.
Cu lrZ- b-¯nsâ he-Xp-h-i-¯pÅ Zzmcw GtXm AXv
hym\-\m-Ip-¶p. AXv t{im{X- am-Ip-¶p. AXv N{µ-a-\-Êm-Ip-
¶p. A§-s\-b pÅ hym\-s \¶p ]d-bp¶ {_Òs¯
{iosb¶pw bi-sʶpw hnNm-cn¨v D]m-kn-¡-Ww. C{]-
N P
217
- m- Imcw Bcp Adn-bp-¶pthm Ah³ {iobpÅh\mbpw bi- K
AY tbm fky {]Xy§v kpjnx tkmf]m\x
km hmIv tkm fán, kvXtZ-XZv {_Òh
À¨k-a-¶mZy anXyp ]mkoX; {_Ò-hÀ¨
ky¶m-tZm-`-h-Xnb Ghw thZ.
Cu lrZ-b¯
- nsâ ]Sn-ªm-dp-h-i-apÅ Zzmcw GtXm
AXv A]m- \-\³ BIp- ¶p. AXp hm¡m-Ip-¶p. AXp Aán-
bm-Ip-¶p. A§n-s\-bpÅ CXv {_Ò-hÀ¨-k-sa¶pw A¶m-
Zy-sa¶pw h¨v D]m-kn-¡-Ww. C{]-Imcw Bcp Adn-bp-
¶pthm Ah³ {_Ò-hÀ¨-k-ap-Å-h\ - mbpw A\m-Z-\mbpw
`hn-¡p-¶p.
AYtbm f tkymZ§v kpjnx k kam-\,
kvX·\x, k]ÀÖ-\y-kvX-tZ-XXv IoÀ¯n
Ý hypjvTn-tÝ-Xyp-]m-koX; IoÀ¯n-am³
hypãn-am³ `hXn b Ghw thZ.
Cu lrZ- b-¯nsâ hS- t¡m-«pÅ Zzmcw GtXm AXv kam-
\³ BIp-¶p. AXv a\-Êm-Ip-¶p. ]ÀP-\y³ AXm-Ip-¶p.
A§n-s\-bpÅ CXns\ IoÀ¯n-sb¶pw hypjvTn-sb¶pw
h¨v D]m-kn-¡-Ww. Bcv C{]-Imcw D]m-kn-¡p-¶pthm
Ah³ IoÀ¯n-bp-Åh - \
- mbpw hypãn-bp-Å-h\
- mbpw `hn-
¡pw.
AYtbm ftkym À²zx kpjnx k DZm\x, k
hmbpx k BImi tZX tZmPÝ al
tÝXyp ]mkoX; HmPkzo alkzo `
hXnb Ghw thZ.
lrZ-b-¯nsâ taevt]m-«pÅ Zzmcw GtXm AXv DZm-\³
BIp¶p; hmbp AXm-Ip-¶p. A§n-s\-bpÅ CXns\ HmP-
sʶpw al- sʶpw IcpXn D]m- kn-¡-Ww. C{]-Imcw Bcp
Adn-bp-¶pthm Ah³ HmP-kzn-bmbpw al-kzn-bmbpw Xocp-
¶p.
tX hm GtX ]©-{_Ò ]pcpjmx kzÀKky
temIky Zzmc]mx, kb GXm-t\hw
]©-{_Ò ]pcp-jm³ kzÀKky temIky
Zzmc-]m³ thZmky Ipte hotcm Pmb
tX {]Xn-]-ZytX kzÀ¤w temIw b
GXm-t\hw ]©-]p-cp-jm³ kzÀKky
temIky Zzmc-]m³ thZ
Cu A©p {_Ò-]p-cp-j-·mÀ kzÀ¤-am-Ip¶ temI-
¯nsâ Zzmc-]m-e-I-cm-Ip-¶p. kzÀ¤-am-Ip¶ temI-¯nsâ
Zzmc-]m-e-·m-cmb Cu A©p ]pcp-j- ·msc Bcp D]m-kn- ¡p-
¶pthm Ahsâ Ipe-¯n hoc-\mb ]p{X³ P\n-¡pw.
kzÀ¤- am-Ip¶ temI-¯nsâ Zzmc-]m-e-·m-cmb A©p {_Ò-
 218

I ]p-cp-j-·msc Bcv D]m-kn-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ kzÀ¤-am-Ip¶ Bßm f´Àlr-Ztb fWobm³ {hotlÀÆm K

temIw {]m]n-¡pw. bhm Zzm kÀ¸-]mZzm imam-ImZzm iymam
AY bZXx ]tcm Znthm tPymXnÀZo IX-Þp-emZzm; Gja Bßm f´À
]ytX hnizXx ]rjvtTjp kÀhXx lrZtb Pymbm³ ]rYnhy Pymbm-\´n
]rjvtT-j z-\p-¯-ta-jvT-¯-tajp temtI cn£m-Öym-b³ Znthm Pym bmt\
jznZw hmh-XZv bZn-Z-a´x ]pcptj t`ym temtI`yx
tPymXnkvX ssky jmZr-ãnÀ¿ ss{X XZkvan lrZ-b-]p-Þ-coI a[y-¯n-ep-Å, Fsâ Cu Bßmhv
RvOcotc kw kv]Àti-t\mjvWn am\w hn at\m-a-b\pw {]mW-\m-Ip¶ ico-c-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\pw,
ssNX-\y-e-£-W-amb cq]-t¯mSp IqSn- b-h-\pw, kXy-§-
Pm\mXn; X ssky jm {ipXn À¿ss{X-XXv
fmb k¦-e] v - §-tfmSp IqSn- b-h-\pw, BImiw t]mse-bpÅ
IÀ®m-h]n Krly \n\-Z-an-h-\-ZY- q-cnhm kzcq-]-t¯mSp IqSn-b-h\ - pw, kÀh-e-P-K-¯p-am-Ip¶ IÀ½-
tácn hPz-eX D]-ir-tWmXn XtZ t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snbh\pw tZmj-c- ln-X-§-fm-b, FÃm Ima-§-tfm-
X±rãw N{ipXw tNXyp-]m-koX Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\pw, kpJ-Ic - -§-fmb FÃm KÔ-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-
N£pjyx {iptXm `hXn b Ghw thZ. b-h-\pw, kzmZp-¡-fmb FÃm ck-§-tfmSpw IqSn-b-h\pw
Cu PK-¯ns\ FÃmw A`n-hym-]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-h-\pw, hmáv{Zn-
BZyp-tem-I-¯n \n¶p ]c-am-bn, hniz-¯n\pw ]rjvT- b-an-Ãm-¯-h-\pw, kw{`-a-an-Ãm-¯-h\pw BIp-¶p. Ah³
¯nÂ, AXm-bXv kÀh-¯n\pw apI-fn D¯-a-§-fmb {holn-sb-¡mfpw bh-s¯-¡mfpw ISp-In-s\-¡mfpw Nma-
temI- §- fn bmsXmcp tPymXnÊv Zo]n-¡p-¶- Xp- t]mse Ccn- sb-¡m-fpw, Nma-b-cn-sb-¡mfpw AWp-X-c-\m-Ip¶p! lrZ-b-
¡p-¶pthm AXv CXm-Ip-¶p. Ft¸mÄ ico-c-kw-k] v Àiw a-²y-¯n-epÅ Fsâ Cu Bßmhv ]rYn-hn-sb-¡mÄ al-
sIm­v NqSns\ Adn-bp-¶pthm At¸mÄ AXv ]pcp-jsâ
¯-c-\m-Ip¶p; A´-co-£-t¯-¡mÄ al-¯-c-\m-Ip¶p;
a²y-¯n-en-cn-¡p¶ tPymXn-Ênsâ ZÀi-t\m-]m-b-am-Ip-¶p.
tZymhn-t\-¡mÄ al-¯-c-\m-Ip-¶p. Cu temI-§-sf-¡mÄ
Ft¸mÄ C{]-Imcw IÀ®-§ sf AS-¨n«v cY-tLmjw
al-¯- c-\m-Ip- ¶p.
t]mse-bpÅ i_vZw t]msebpw Pzen-¡p¶ Aán-bpsS
i_vZw t]msebpw tIÄ¡p-¶pthm At¸mÄ CXv AXnsâ kÀh-IÀ½m kÀh-Imax kÀh-KÔx
{ih-tWm-]m-b-am-Ip-¶p. A§n-s\-bpÅ Cu tPymXn-Êns\ kÀh-ckx kÀh-an-Z-a-`ymt¯m fhmIy
Zrã-sa¶pw {ipX-sa¶pw IcpXn D]m-kn-¡-Ww. C§s\ \mZc Gja Bßm f´Àlr-Zb
Bcv D]m-kn-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ ZÀi-\o-b-\mbpw hn{ip-X-
GXZv {_ssÒ XanXx t{]Xym`n
\mbpw Xocp-¶p.
kw`-hn-Xm-kvaoXn bky kym Z²m \
hnNn-InÕm fkvXnXn lkvam ffl im
]Xn-¶ memw JÞw
Þneyx imÞneyx
XÖ-em\w CZw-kÀhw Jep {_Ò-CX - n-im´x
lrZ-b-a -² y-¯ n-e pÅ Fsâ Cu Bßmhv kÀh-
D]m-koX kx {IXpw IpÀhoX AY Jep IÀ½mhpw kÀh-Im-a\pw kÀh-K-Ô\pw kÀh-c-k-\pw, Cu
]pcpjx {IXp-abx ]pcpjx Akvan³tem PK-¯ns\ FÃmw A`n hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-h\ - pw, hm¡n-Ãm-
tI bYm-{IXpx CXx t{]Xy-X-Ym-`-h-Xn. ¯-h\pw kw{`-a-an-Ãm-¯-h\pw BIp-¶p. CXp {_Ò-am-Ip-
¶p. Cu tZl-¯n \n¶v hn«p t]mbn«v Rm³ Bßm-hm-
B {_Ò-¯n \n¶p P\n-¡p-¶-Xpw, AXn Xs¶
bn-¯o-cpw. CXv \nÝ-b-am-W.v CXv BÀ¡v kXy-ambn D­m-
ebn-¡p-¶-Xpw, AXn tNjvTn-¡p-¶Xpw Bb Cu PK-
bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, kwibw D­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶n- Ãtbm Ah³
s¯Ãmw {_Òs¯ cmK-tZz-jmZn tZmj-§Ä IqSmsX D]m-
AXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ Cuiz-c-`m-hs¯ {]m]n-¡pw. C§s\
kn-¡-Ww. Ah³ C§-s\-bm-Wv, asämcp hn[-¯n-eÃ
imÞn-ey³ F¶ Ejn ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p.
F¶pÅ \nÝbw sN¿-Ww. Poh³ A[y-hk - m-b-kz-cq-]-
\m-Ip-¶p. ]pcp-j³ Cu temI-¯n GXp hn[-¯n-epÅ
A[y-h-km-b-t¯m-Sp-Iq- Sn-b- h-\m- bn-cn-¡p- ¶pthm Ah³ Cu
]Xn-\ ©mw JÞw
tZlw acn-¨n«v A§n- s\-bm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
A´-co-t£m-Zcx tImtim `qan-_p²vt\m
at\m-abx {]mW-i-cotcm `mcp]x k
\ PoÀ¿-Xn, Zntim lyky-{k-àtbm
Xyk-¦ev] BIm-imßm kÀh-IÀ½m
Zyuc-tkym-¯cw hnew; k Gj tImi
kÀh-Imamx kÀh-KÔx kÀh-ckx
h kp[m\ kvXkvan³ hniz-anZw {inXw.
kÀh-an-Z-a-`ymt¯m fhmIy \mZw Gja
N P
 219

I A´-co-£- am-Ip¶ DZ-c-t¯mSp IqSn-b-Xpw, `qan-bm-Ip¶ Cu PK-¯m-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv GsX-Ãmtam A§-s\-bpÅ K

aqe-t¯mSp IqSn-bX
- pw, Bb `Þm-c-s¸«n \in-¡p-¶n-Ã. Cu `qX- sa- Ãmw {]mW³ BIp- ¶p. AXn- \m {]mW³ {]]tZy
Cu tImi-¯nsâ tImW-§Ä Zn¡p-I-fm-Ip-¶p. CXnsâ F¶v hàm- hmb Rm³ ]d-ªXp GtXm AXp- sIm­v B
apI-fn-es¯ kpjncw tZymhm-Ip-¶p. C§n-s\-bpÅ Cu {]mW-s\-¯s¶ Rm³ icWw {]m]n- ¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
tImiw [\w hbv¡p-¶-Xm-Ip-¶p. BtIm-i-¯n-\p-ÅnÂ,
AY bZ-thmNw `qx {]]Zy CXn, ]rYnhow
{]mWn-I-fpsS IÀ½- ^-e-saÃmw ØnXn sN¿p-¶p.
{]]tZy f´co£w {]]tZy Znhw {]]
Xky {]mNo-ZnKv Pqlq˦ma kl-am\ \ma
tZy CtXyh XZ thmNw
Z£n-Wm, cmÚn, \ma {]Xo-No, kp`qXm
`qx {]]tZy F¶v Rm³ ]d-ªt- XtXm AXpsIm­v
\mtam ZoNn; Xmwtkm hmbpÀhÕwx, kb
]rYn-hnsb Rm³ icWw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. A´-co-£s¯
GX-tahw hmbpw Znimw hÕw thZ \ icWw {]m]n-¡p¶p F¶pw tZymhns\ icWw {]m]n-
]p{Xtcm Zw tcmZnXn; tkm flta Xtahw ¡p¶p F¶pw Xs¶ BWv Rm³ ]d-ª-Xv.
hmbpw Znimw hÕw thZ; am ]p{X-tcmZw cpZw AY bZ thmNw `phx {]]Zy CXyánw {]]tZy
B tImi-¯nsâ Ingt¡ Zn¡v Pqlp F¶p t]cp-Å- hmbpw {]]Zy BZnXyw {]]Zy CtXyh
Xm-Ip-¶p. sXt¡ Zn¡v kl-am-\³, F¶p t]cp-Å-Xm-Ip-
XZ-thm-N w.
¶p. ]Sn-ªm-sd-Zn¡v cmPn F¶p t]cp-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p. hSt¡
Zn¡v kp`qX F¶p t]cp-Å- Xm- Ip- ¶p. hmbp BZn-¡p-I-fpsS ]ns¶ `qhx {]]tZy F¶v Rm³ ]d-ª-tXtXm AXp-
hkvX-\m-Ip-¶p. Cu hmbp-hns\ Zn¡p-I-fpsS hÕ-\mbn sIm­v Aánsb icWw {]m]n-¡p¶p F¶pw hmbp-hns\
]p{X\v ZoÀL-Po-hn-X- am-{K-ln-¡p-¶-Xmbn Bc-dn-bp-¶pthm icWw {]m]n-¡p¶p F¶pw, BZn-Xys\ icWw {]m]n-
Ah³ ]p{X³ \nan-¯-apÅ tcmZ\w tcmZn-¡-bn-Ã. A§s\ ¡p¶p F¶pw Xs¶- bmWv Rm³ ]d-ª-Xv.
]p{X\p ZoÀL-Po-hn-X-an-Ñn-¡p¶ Rm³ Cu hmbp-hns\ AY bZ-thmNw kzx {]]Zy CXyr tKzZw
Zn¡p-I-fpsS hkvX-s\¶v Adn-bp-¶p. Rm³]p-{X³ \nan-¯-
apÅ tcmZ-\w-sIm­p tcmZn-¡-cp-X.v
{]]tZy bPqÀthZw {]]tZy kma-thZw
{]]Zy CtXyh XZ-thmNw
Acnãw tImiw {]]tZy ap\m
""kzx {]]tZy'' F¶v Rm³ ]d-ª-tXtXm AXp-sIm­v
fap\m fap\m, {]mWw {]]tZyf
""EtKz-Zs¯'' Rm³ icWw {]]n-¡p-¶p. ""bPqÀth-Zs¯''
ap\m fap\m fap\m, `qx {]]tZy
Rm³ icWw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. ""kma- th-Zs¯'' Rm³ icWw
fap\m fap\m fap\m, `qhx {]]tZy fap\m {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Rm³ ]d-ªXv CXm-W.v
fap\m fap\m, kzx {]]tZy fap\m
fap\m fap\m
]Xn-\ mdmw JÞw
]p{X\v ZoÀLm-bpÊv B{K-ln-¡p-¶-h³, ss{Xtem-
Iys¯ Hcp `Þm-c-s¸-«n-bmbpw {]tXyI \ma-§-tfm-Sp-Iq- ]p{Xsâ Bbp-Ên-\p-th-­n-bpÅ D]m-k-\hpw P]-hp-
Snb AXnsâ \mep-Zn-¡p-Is - fbpw kv{XoI-fmbn k¦-e]
v n¨v amWv CXp-hsc ]d-ª-Xv. C\n X\n¡p Xs¶ ZoÀL-Po-hn-
B Zn¡p-I-fp-am-bpÅ kw_-Ô-¯m hmbp-hn-s\, B X-¯n-\p-th-­n-bpÅ D]m-k-\bpw P]hpw ]d-bp-¶p. Pohn-
Zn¡p-I-fpsS ac-W-an-Ãm¯ hÕ-\mbn Nn´n-¡-W-sa-¶p- ¨n-cp-¶m-età ]p{X³ apX-emb ^e-§Ä A\p-`h - n-¡m³
ÅXv {]Y-tam-]m-k-\-am-Ip-¶p. ChnsS AXnsâ B§va-b- Ign-b q.
amb P]s¯ ImWn- ¡p- ¶p. ]p{Xsâ \mas¯ aq¶p XhW ]pcptjm hmh bÚx Xky bm\n
]pd-bp-¶-Xm-Wv. Aap-\m, Aap-\m, A ap\m F¶-Xv. Rm³ NXpÀhnw-iXn
C¶ ]p{X\v ZoÀLm-bp- Êp- ­m-Ip-hm³ th­n, \mi-an-Ãm¯
hÀjmWn XXv {]mXx kh\w NXp
tImis¯ icWw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Cu ]p{X-\p-th­n
{]mWs\ icWw {]m]n- ¡p-¶p. Cu ]p{X-\p-th­n `qÀtem- ÀhnwiXy £cm Kmb-{Xo, Kmb-{Xw,
Is¯ icWw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Cu ]p{X-\p-th­n kzÀtem- {]mXx kh-\w, XZky hkthm \zm
Is¯ icWw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. FÃm-bn-S¯pw ap{´- ap-\- \maw b¯mx {]mWm hmh hkh GtX
aq¶p XhW ]d-bp¶p.
loZw kÀhw hmk-b´n
k bZ thmNw {]mWw {]]Zy CXn, ]pcp-j³ Xs¶ bÚ-am-Ip-¶p. Ahsâ BZys¯
{]mtWm hm CZw kÀhw `qXw Ccp-]¯- n-\mep hÀj-§Ä GXmtWm AXv {]mXx kh-\-
bZnZw Inw N Xtah XXv {]m]Õn. am-Ip-¶p. Kmb{Xn Ccp-]-¯n-\m-e-£- c-ap-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p. {]mXx

N P

I kh\w Kmb{Xn Oµ-Êm-bn-«p-Å-Xm-W.v Cu ]pcp-j-\m-Ip¶
bÚ-¯nsâ B{]mXx kh-\s¯ hkp-¡Ä A\p-K-X-cm-
bn-cn- ¡p-¶p. hkp-¡Ä {]mW-§Ä Xs¶- bm-Wv. Cu {]mW-
§Ä CXns\ FÃmw hkn-¸n-¡p-¶p.
Xw tNtZ-X-kvan³ hbkn Inw NnZp-]Xv
t]Xv, k{_q-bmXv þ {]mWm hkh CZw
ta {]mXx kh\w am[yw Zn\w kh\
a\pkw X\p-tXXn; am f lw {]mWm\w
hkq\mw at²y btÚm hntem-]vko-tbXn;
Dss²-h-XX GXy-KtZm l `h-Xn.
bÚ-ambn k¼m-Zn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶ B ]pcp-js\
{]mXx kh-\-ambn k¼-¶-am-bn-cn-¡p¶ hb-Ên ac-W-i- cn- ¡p- ¶p. BZn- Xy- ·mÀ {]mW§Ä Xs¶- bm- Wv. Fs´- ¶mÂ
¦m-Im-c-W-amb hym[n apX-emb Fs´- ¦nepw D]-X- ]n-¡-bm- Cu {]mW-§Ä CXns\ FÃmw BZm\w sN¿p-¶p.
sW-¦nÂ, bÚkw]m-Zn-bmb ]pcp-j³ P]n-¡ -W w.
AÃtbm {]mW-§-fm-Ip¶ hkp-¡sf CXv Fsâ {]mXx
kh-\-am-Ip-¶p. am[yw Zn\-amb kh-\s¯ A\p-k-´m\w
sN¿p-hn³. bÚ-amb Rm³ {]mW-§-fm-Ip¶ hkp-¡-
fpsS \Sp- hn h¨v hntem-]n-¡- cp- Xv. B D]-Xm-]-¯n \n¶v
DZvK-an-¡p-¶p. tcmK-hn-ap-à-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. CXv XoÀ¨-bm-
Wv.
AY-bm\n NXp-kvO-Xzmcnw iZzÀjm-Wn, X
·m[yw Zn\w kh\w; NXp-Ý-Xzm-cnwi
Z£-cm-{Xn-ãp]v; ss{Xãp` am[yw
Zn\w kh\w; XZky cp{Zm A\zm-b¯mx,
{]mWm hmh cp{Zmx, GtX lnZw
kÀhw tcmZ-b-´n.
\mev]Xp hÀj-§Ä Ghtbm AXv a[yw Zn\-amb kh-
\-am-Ip-¶p. {Xnãn¸v F¶ OµÊv \mev]-¯n-\m-e£ - - c-ap-Å-
Xm-Ip-¶p. Cu ]pcp-j-b-Ú-¯nsâ kh-\s¯ cp{Z-·mÀ
A\p-K-X-cm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. cp{Z-·mÀ {]mW-§Ä Xs¶-bm-W.v
Cu {]mW-§Ä Cu {]mWnPmXs¯ Ic-bn-¡p-¶p.
Xw tNZ-kvan³ hbkn InwNn-`p-]-X-t]Xv
k{_q-bmXv:þ {]mWm cp{Zm CZw ta
am²yw Zn\w kh\w XrXob kh\
a\pkw X\p-tX-Xn, am flw {]mWm\mw
cp{ZmWmw at[y btÚm hntem]vko
tbXn; Dss²h XX GXy-KtZm
l `h-Xn.
bÚ-ambn k¼m-Zn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶ ]pcp-js\ a²yw-
Zn\ kh-\-Im-e-¯nÂ, hym[n apX-emb Fs´- ¦nepw D]-X-
]n-¸n-¡-bm-sW-¦n Ah³ P]n-¡-Ww. {]mW-§-em-Ip¶
cp{Z-·msc CXv Fsâ am[yw-Zn-\-amb kh-\-am-Ip- ¶p. XrXob
kh-\s¯ A\p-k-´-]n-¡q. bÚ-amb Rm³ {]mW-§-
fm-Ip¶ cp{Z-·m-cpsS a[y-¯n h¨v hntem-]n-¡-cp-Xv.
N P
220
AXnÂ\n-¶v, B D]-Xm-]-¯n \n¶v Db-cp-¶p. AK-Z-\m- K
bn-¯o-cp-¶p. CXv XoÀ¨-bm-Wv.
AY-bm-\yãm NXzm-cnwi ZzÀjmWn XXv
XrXob kh\w Aãm-N-Xzmcnwi Z£
cm PKXo; PmKXw XrXob kh\w;
XZky ffZnXym A\zm-b¯mx {]mWm
hmh ffZnXym GtX loZw kÀh-am-Z-Z-tX.
\mev]-s¯«p hÀj-§Ä GXmtWm AXv XrXo-bk - -h-
\-am- Ip-¶p. PKXn F¶ OµÊv \mev]- s¯-«-£- c- apÅ aq¶m-
as¯ kh\w PK-Xnsb kw_-Ôn-¨X - m-Wv. Cu ]pcp-j-b-
Ú- ¯ nsâ B XrXo- b - k - h \w BZn- X y-·mÀ A\p-K-X-cm-bn-
Xw tNtZ-X-kvan³ hbkn Inw NnZp]
Xt]Xv k {_qbmXv:þ {]mWm B
ZnXym CZw ta XrXob kh-\-am-bpc
\p kw X\p-tX-Xn. am flw {]mWm\m
amZnXym \mw at[y btÚm hntem]vko
tbXn; Dss²h XX GXy-KtZm l `h-Xn.
B ]pcp-js\ HSp-hn-es¯ \mev]-s¯-«p-hÀj-¯nÂ
hym[n apX-emb Fs´-¦nepw D]-X-]n-¸n-¡-bm-sW-¦nÂ
Ah³ P]n-¡-Ww. {]mW-§-fm-Ip¶ BZn-Xy-·msc Fsâ
Cu aq¶m-as¯ kh-\a - m-Ip¶ BbÊp apgp-h-\m-¡q.
bÚ-amb Rm³ {]mW-§-fm-Ip¶ BZn-Xy-·m-cpsS a[y-
¯nÂh¨v hntem-]n-¡-cp-Xv. Ah³ B D]-Xm-]-¯n \n¶v
Db-cp-¶p. Ah³ tcmK-hn-ap-à-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
GX² kva XZzn-Zzm-\ml aln-Zmk
sFX-tcbx, k Inw a GX-Zp]
X]kn tbm fla t\\ \ t{]jym
aoXn; kl-tjm-Uiw hÀj iXa
PohXv; {]ml, tjmUiw hÀj-iXw
PohXn b Ghw thZ
A§n-s\-bpÅ Cu bÚ-ZÀi-\s¯ Adn-ªn-«pÅ
CX-c-bpsS ]p{X-\mb aln-Zm-k³ ]dªp: Rm³ \o
sN¿p¶ D]-Xm-]w-sIm­v acn-¡-b n-Ã. A§n-s \-bpÅ
F\n¡v \o F´n\p D]- {Zhw D­m- ¡p¶p. aln- Zm- k³ \qän-
¸- Xn- \m- dp- hÀjw Pohn- ¨p. C{]- Imcw bÚ- kw- ]m- Z-\s¯ Adn-
bp¶ aäp- Å-h\pw C§ns\ \qän-¸-Xn- \mdp hÀjw Pohn-¡w.p
]Xn-t\gmw JÞw
k bZ iojXn bXv ]n]m-kXn b¶
catX Xm Bky Zo£mx
 221

I B ]pcp-j³ Ain-¡p-hm-\n-Ñn-¡p¶p F¶-tX-tXm, DZzbw Xa-kk - v]-cn-tPymXnx ]iy-´D K

]m\w sNbzm-\n-Ñn-¡p¶p F¶-tX-tXm, can-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶- ¯cw kzx ]iy´ D¯cw tZhw
tX- tXm, Ah Chsâ Zo£-bm-Ip-¶p.
tZh{Xm kqcy-a-K· tPymXn-cp-¯a
AY bZ-iv\mXn bXv ]n_Xo anXn tPymXn-cp-¯ -a-an-Xn.
b{Z-atX XZp-]k ssZtcXn
AÚm-\ -e-£-W -amb Xa-Ê n-\ -¸ p-d w, BZn-X y-\nÂ
Ain-¡p-¶Xp bmsXm-¶mtWm can-¡p-¶Xv bmsXm-¶m- ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶, tPymXn-Êns\ I­p-sIm­v aäp tPymXn-
tWm AXv D]-k-¯p-¡-tfmSv kam-\X {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Êp-Isf Dt]-£n¨v DÂIrãXc-amb \½psS lrZ-b¯ - n-
epÅ tPymXn-Êns\ I­p-sIm­v FÃm tZh-·m-cnepw
AY b²-kXn bÚ-£Xn bss·Yp
tZh\pw tPymXn-Êp-If - n h¨p-¯-a-\p-amb kqcys\ \mw
\w NcXn kvXpX-ikv{X tch XtZXn. {]m]n-¨n-cn- ¡p-¶ p.
lkn-¡p-¶Xp bmsXm-t¶m, `£n-¡p-¶Xv bmsXm-t¶m
ssaYp\w sN¿p-¶Xv bmsXm-t¶m AXv kvXpX ikv{X-§-
tfmSp kmayw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. ]Xn-s\«mw JÞw
AY-bXv Xt]m-Zm\ amÀP-h-a-lnwkm at\m {_tÒ-Xyp-]m-kosX Xy[ymßw
kXy-h-N-\a
- n-XnXm Aky Z£nWmx AYm\n ssZhX amImtim {_tÒXn
D`-b-am-Znãw `h-Xy-[ymßw Nm[n ssZh-aXw
X]-Ê,v Zm\w, EPq-Xzw, Alnw-k, kXyw ]d-bp-I, F¶p-
Å-tXtXm Ah Cu ]pcp-j-b-Ú-¯nsâ Z£n-W -I - a\Êv {_Ò-am- Ip- ¶p. F¶p IcpXn D]m- kn-¡-Ww. Bß-
fm-Ip-¶p. hn-j-b- I-amb ZÀi-\w, tZh-Xm-hn-j- b-amb ZÀi-\w, ]d-bm³
t]mIp-¶p. BImiw {_Ò-am-Ip¶p F¶p hnNm-cn¨v D]m-
Xkvam-Zmlqx tkmjy-Xy-tkm-tãXn; ]p
kn-¡-Ww. C{]-Imcw A[ym- ßhpw A[n-ssZ-h-Xhpw c­pw
\cp ]mZ\ tahm kyXXv; acWtahm ]ZrYx D]-tZ-in-¡-s¸- «n-cn-¡p-¶p.
AXp-sIm­p khn¡pw F¶pw khn¨p F¶p ]d-bp- XtZX ¨Xp-jv]mZv {_Ò, hmIv,
¶p. AXv Cu ]pcp-j-b-Ú-¯nsâ ]p\-cpÂ]m-Z\w Xs¶-
]mZx {]mWx ]mZ-Ý£px ]mZx
bm-Ip-¶p. acWw Xs¶ bÚ-]-cn-k-am-]X
v n-bm-Ip-¶p.
t{im{Xw ]mZ CXy-[ymßw AYm[n
Xss²-XZv tLmc B§v Knckx
ssZhXw:þ Aánx ]mtZm hmbpx ]m
Ir-jvWmb tZhIo ]p{Xmtbm tàzm
Z, BZnXyx ]mtZm Znix ]mZ CXyp
hmN; A]n-]mk Gh k _`qhm;
`b-tahm ffZnãw `hXy [ymßw ssN
tkm f´th-em-bmta XXv{Xbw {]Xn-]tZy
hm[n ssZhXw N.
X:þ A£n-X -a-ky-Nyp-X-akn {]m-Wk
- win
A§n-s\-bpÅ Cu {_Òw \mep-]m-Z-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-
Xa-koXn; Xss{XtX tZz ENu `hXx
Ip-¶p. Cu ]mZw hm¡m-hp-¶p. Hcp ]mZw {]mW-\m-Ip-¶p.
Cu bÚ-ZÀi-\s¯ A§v Knc-Ênsâ tKm{X-¯n- Hcp ]mZw N£p-Êm-Ip-¶p. Hcp ]mZw t{im{X-am-Ip-¶p. C\n
epÅ tLmc³ tZh-Io-]p-{X-\mb IrjvW\v ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp- A[n-ssZ-hXw ]d-bm³ t]mIp-¶p. Hcp ]mZw Aán-bm-Ip-
¯n- «p-­v. IrjvW³ ]n]mk CÃm-¯-h-\mbn `hn-¨p. C{]- ¶p. Hcp ]mZw hmbp-hm-Ip-¶p. Hcp ]mZw BZn-Xy-\m-Ip-¶p.
Im-c-apÅ bÚw Adn-bp-¶-h³ ac-W-Im-e-¯n Cu Hcp ]mZw Zn¡p-I-fm-Ip-¶p. C§ns\ A[ym-ßhpw A[n-
aq¶p a{´hpw P]n-¡Ww:þ \o A£nXw BIp-¶p. \o ssZ-h-Xhpw c­p hn[-¯nepw NXp-jv]m-¯mb {_Òt¯
kzcq-]-¯n\p \mi- an-Ãm- ¯-Xm-Ip-¶p. \o {]mW\pw kq£va- D]-tZ-in-¡p-¶p.
X-¯z-hp-am-Ip-¶p. Cu AÀ°-¯n Xmsg-¸-d-bp¶ c­v
hmtKh {_ÒW ÝXpÀ° ]mZ
E¡p-IÄ D­v.
tkm fán\m tPymXnjm `mXn N
BZnXv {]Xv\ky tcXkx ]iy´n
Xh\n N `mXn N X]-XnN Io
hmkcw ]tcm bZn-[y-tX-Znhn
À¯ym bikm {_Ò-hÀ¨tk \b
{]Xv\-amb PK- Zv_o- P-¯nsâ ]IÂt]m-se- bpÅ tPymXn- Ghw thZ.
Êns\ {_Ò-hn-¯p-IÄ FÃm-bn-S¯pw ImWp-¶p. B
tPymXnÊv ]c-ambn tZymX-\a - pÅ ]c-{_-Ò-¯n {]Im-in- a\-Êm-Ip¶ {_Ò-¯nsâ \mem-as¯ ]mZw hm¡p-X-
¡p-¶p. s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. B ]mZw Aán-bm-Ip¶ tPymXn-Êp-sIm­v

N P
 222
I {]Im-in-¡p-Ibpw Xm]s¯ D­m-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. C{]-
Imcw Bcv Adn-bp-¶pthm Ah³ IoÀ¯n-sIm­pw bi-
Êp-sIm­pw {_Ò-h-À-¨kw sIm­pw Zo]n-¡bpw X]n-¡p-
Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
{]mW Gh {_Ò-W-Ý-XpÀ°x ]mZx
khm-bp\m tPymXn `mXnN X]-Xn-N,
`mXn-N, X]-XnN IoÀ¯ym bikm
{_Ò hÀ¨ k\ b Ghw thZ
a\-Êm-Ip¶ {_Ò-¯nsâ \mep ]mZ-§- fn H¶v {]mW-
\m-Ip-¶p. B hmZw hmbp-hm-Ip¶ tPymXn-Êp-sIm­v Zo]n-
¡bpw X]n-¡bpw sN¿p-¶p. C{]-Imcw Bcp Adn-bp-
¶pthm Ah³ IoÀ¯n- sIm-­pw, bi-Êp-sIm­pw {_Ò-
hÀ¨-kw-sIm-­pw, Zo]n-¡p-Ibpw X-]n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
N£p-tch {_Ò-W-Ý-XpÀ°x ]mZx
k BZn-tXy\ tPymXnjm `mXnN
X]Xn N; `mXn N X]Xn N
IoÀ¯ym bikm {_Ò-hÀ¨-tk-\b
Ghw thZ.
{_Ò- ¯nsâ \mep- ]m- Z-§-fn H¶v N£p-Êm-Ip-¶p. B
]mZw BZn-Xy-\m-Ip¶ tPymXn-Êp-sIm­v Zo]n-¡bpw X]n-
¡bpw sN¿p-¶p.
t{im{X-tah {_Ò-W-Ý-XpÀ°x ]mZx, kZn
KvZnÀ tPym Xnjm `mXn N X]Xn N; `mXn
N ]X]n N IoÀ¯ym-b-iÊm {_Ò-hÀ¨
tk\ b Ghw thZ.
a\-Êm- Ip¶ {_Ò-¯nsâ \mep- ]m-Z-§- fn H¶v t{im{X-
am-Ip-¶p. B ]mZw Zn¡p-I-fm-Ip¶ tPymXn-Êp-sIm­v Zo]n-
¡bpw X]n-¡bpw sN¿p-¶p. C{]-Imcw Bcp Adn-bp-
¶pthm Ah³ IoÀ¯n-sIm­pw bi-Êp-sIm­pw {_Ò-
hÀ¨-ckw sIm­pw Zo]n-¡bpw X]n-¡bpw sN¿p-¶p.
hnZym-^ew FÃm-bn-S¯pw Xpey-am-Ip-¶p. AZr-ã-^ew
{_Ò-kw-]¯ - n- bm-Wv.
]s¯m³]Xmw JÞw
BZntXym {_tÒXym tZix
Xtkym] hymJym\wx
Ak tZth Z a{K AkoXv; XXv kZm-koXv;
XXv ka-`h - Xv; XZmÞw \nc hÀ¯X;
XXv kwh kcky am{Xm-a-ibX; X¶n
c`n-ZyX; X BÞI ]mte cPXw
N kph˨w Nm`-h-Xmw.
N P
K
BZn- Xy³ {_Ò- am- Ip¶p F¶v D]- tZ-in-¡p-¶p. B BZn-
Xys\ D]-hym-Jym\w sN¿p-¶p. CuP-K-s¯Ãmw DÂ]-
¯n¡p ap³]v Ak-¯p-t]mse Xs¶ Bbn-cp-¶p. AXv
k¯m-bn-¯oÀ¶p. AXp kw`-hn-¨p. AXv AÞ-am-bn-
¯oÀ¶p. B AÞw Hcp kwh-Õ-c-t¯m-f-apÅ Imew
InS-¶p. s]m«n ap«-t¯m-Sp-IÄ cP-Xhpw kphÀ®-hp-am-bn-
Xo˦p.
XZy{Z PXw tkbw ]rYn-hn, bXv kph˨w
km Zux bÚ-cmbp tX ]ÀhXmx bZpev_w
k tatLm \olmtcm; bm [a\ bkvXm \
tZym; bZzm-kvtXb apZIw k kap{Zx
bmsXmcp I]mew cP-X-am-bn-¯oÀ¶pthm AXv Cu
]rYn-h n- b m-I p- ¶ p. bmsXmcp I]mew kphÀ×m-b n-
¯oÀ¶pthm AXv tZymhm-Ip-¶p. KÀ`-¯nsâ Øpe-amb
Bh-c-W-tatXm AXp ]Àh-X-§- em-bn- ¯oÀ¶p. Dev_- sa¶p
]d-bp¶ KÀ`-th-ã-tatXm AXv taL-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb a¯m-
bn-¯ oÀ¶p. KÀ`-¯ nsâ tZl-¯ n-e pÅ Rc-¼ p-I Ä
GXmtWm Ah \Zn-I-fm-bn-¯oÀ¶p. KÀ`-¯nsâ hkvXn-
bn-epÅ Pew GtXm AXv kap-{Z-am-bn-¯oÀ¶p.
AY bXv XZ PmbX tkmfkm-h m-Zn-Xy,
kvXw Pmb-am\w tLmjm Dep-Jthm
\qZ-Xn-jvT³ kÀhmWn N `qXm\n kÀthN
Imamx, Xkvam-¯-tkym-Zbw {]Xn {]Xym
b\w {]Xn-tLmjm Deqthm f´¯njvT
´n kÀhmWn `qXm\n kÀthN Imamx
B AÞ-¯n GsXm- ¶mtWm P\n- ¨Xv AXv B BZn-
Xy-\m-Ip-¶p. P\n-¡p¶ Ahsâ ]n¶mse henb i_vZ-
t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb tLmj-§fpw FÃm `qX-§fpw FÃm Ima-
§fpw D°m\w sNbvXp. AXn-\m B BZn-Xysâ DZbw
\nan-¯-ambpw Akvabw \nan-¯-ambpw ho­pw ho­p-
apÅ {]Xym-Ka - \w \nan-¯-ambpw Deq-e-¡-fmb tLmj-
§fpw FÃm `qX-§epw FÃm Ima-§fpw A´À²m\w
sN¿p-¶ p.
k b GX-tahw hnZzm-\m-ZnXyw {_tÒ
Xyp]mkvtX f`ymtim l btZ\w km[thm
tLmjm BN-K-tÑbp cq]-N\n t{atU-c³
\nt{a-t U-c³
C{]-Imcw Adnªp Cu BZn-Xys\ {_Ò-sa-¶p-h¨v
Bcv D]m-kn-¡p-¶p-thm, Chs\ \nÀt±m-j-§-fmb tLmj-
§Ä BK-an-¡bpw kpJn-¸n-¡bpw sN¿pw. CXv io{Lw
kw`-hn-¡pw.
 223
I \mem-a-²ymbw
H¶mw JÞw
hmbphpw {]mW\pw km£m {_Ò-sa¶ \ne-bnÂ
D]m-ky-§-em-sW¶v hn[n- ¡p-¶- Xn- \mbn D¯-c-{KÙw Bcw-
`n-¡p¶p. IYmhnjb-{K-lWw Ffp-¸-am-¡p-¶-Xn\pw hnZy
\ÂIp-¶-Xn\pw {Kln-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-apÅ hn[n ImWn-¡p-¶p.
{i², A¶- Zm-\w, A\p-²-XXzw apX- em-bh IqSn hnZym-{]m-
]vXn-km-[-\-§-fm-W¶v Cu A²ym-b-¯n ]d-bp-¶p.
Hmw PmK-{ip-XnÀl ]u{Xm-bWx {i²m tZ
tbm _lp-Zmbo _lp-hmIy Bk, k, l
kÀhX Bh-Øm³ am]bmw Nt{I, k
ÀhX Gh tafÕy-´oXn
{i²-tbm-Sp-IqSn sImSp-¡p-¶ -h-\pw, hf-sc-sIm-Sp-¡p-
¶hpw hfsc A¶w ]mIw sNbvI F¶Xv Xsâ Krl-
¯n-ep-Å-h\- p-ambn ]p{Xsâ ]u{X-\ mb P\-{ip-X sâ
A]Xyw D­m-bn-cp-¶p. ]u{Xm-b-W-\mb Pm\-{ipXn FÃm-
bn-S¯pw hmk-`-h-\§ - sf D­m-¡n-¨p. FÃm-bn-S¯pw
Fsâ A¶w \evIpw F¶-bmÄ ]d-ªp.
AY l lwkm \nim-bm-aXn t]Xpx
Xss²h lw tkm lwk-a-`yp-hmZ
tlm tlmbn! `Ãm£! Pm\-{iptXx
]u{Xm-b-Wky kaw Znhm tPymXncm
XXw, X·m {]km§v£o kvX¯zm
am {][m-£o-cn-Xn.
A§n-s\-bn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ Hcn-¡Â cm{Xn-bn lwk-
§Ä cmPm- h n\p ImW- ¯ - ¡ - h ®w IS- ¶ p- t ]m- b n.
At¸mįs¶ B Iq«-¯n Hcp lwkw asämcp lwk-
t¯mSv ]d-ªp. AÃtbm `Ãm£m!, `Ãm£m!, ]u{Xm-b-W-
\mb Pm\-{ip-Xn-bpsS tPymXn-Êv, tZymhn-t\mSv Xpey-ambn
hym]vX-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. B tPymXn-Êns\ {]k-Ön-¡-cp-Xv.
B tPymXnÊv \ns¶ Zln-¸n-¡pw.
Xapl ]cx {]Xyp-hmNx Iazc G\
taXXv k´w k bpKzm\ anhssc
Izamt° Xntbm\p IYw kbpKzm sscIz
CXn.
A§ns\ ]dª lwk-t¯mSv atä lwkw adp-]Sn
]dªp: FtSm Cu PmK-{ip-Xn¡p F´p amlm-ßy-ap-Å-Xn-
\m-emWv iI-S-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb sscIzs\ F¶-t]mse \o
C§ns\ ]d-bp-¶-Xv. kmbp-Kzm-hmb sscIz³ F¶p ]d-
bp-¶Xv F§n-s\-bp-Å-h-\mWv F¶v BZyw ]dª lwkw
tNmZn-¨p.
bYm IrXmb hnPnXm bm[-tcbmx kwb
t´yh ta\w kÀhw X``n kta-Xn, bXv
N P
InwN {]Pmx km[p IpÀh-´n, bkvXtZz K
Z bXv k thZ k a ssb XZpà CXn.
GXp {]Im-c-amtWm NqXn \mev A¡w-sIm­p Pbn-
¨-h-\v, AXn-\p-X m-sg-b p-Å -t{X-X , Zzm]-c w, Ien F¶p
t]cpÅ aq¶pw, c­pw, H¶pw A¡-§Ä A´À`-hn-¡p-
¶Xv A{]-Imcw {]P-IÄ Fs´Ãmw km[p-hm-bn-«p-ÅXp
sN¿p-¶pthm AsXÃmw Cu sscIz-\n A´À`-hn-¡p- ¶p.
B sscIz³ F´ns\ Adn-bp-¶p-thm, AXns\ Bcp Adn-
bp-¶pthm Ah³ C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-¶p.
XZpl Pm\-{ipXnx ]u{Xm-bW D]
iq{imh; k l kwPn lm\ Gh
£¯mc aphmN:þ A§v Kmtc lk
bpKzm-\-anh sscIz amt°-Xn, tbm\p
IYw kbpKzm sscIz CXn. bYm IrXm
b hnPn-Xm-bm-[-tcbmx kwb-t´y-hta
\w kÀhw X Z`n ktaXn bXv Inw N
{]Pmx km[p IÀh´n; bkvXt- ZzZ bXv
k thZ, k a ssbX-Zpà CXn.
B lwk-§-fpsS hN-\s¯ ]u{XmbW\mb Pm\-
{ipXn D]-{i-hn¨p. Ah³ ib-\s¯ hnSp¶ Ah-k-c-X-
Xn¯s¶ £¯m-hn-t\mSv ]d-ªp. FtSm hÕm, kbp-
izm-hmb sscIy-s\-t¸mse ]d-bp-¶pthm AÃ-¦n kbp-
izm-hmb sscIz-t\mSp ]d-bpI F¶v ]d-bp-¶p. kbp-izm-
hmb sscIz³ F¶p ]d-bp¶ BÄ F§n- s\-bp- Å- h\mWv?
£¯mhp tNmZn-¨p. F{]-Imcw IrX-sa¶p ]d-bp¶ Bbw
sIm­p t\Sn-b-h\v Xmsg-bpÅ t{XX, Zzm]cw Ien F¶o
Bb-§Ä A´À`-hn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse F{]-Im-cw, {]P-IÄ
Fs´Ãmw sN¿pt¶m AsXÃmw Cu sscIzs\ A`n-kw-K-
an-¡p- ¶p. Ah³ F´p Adn- bp- ¶p-thm, AXns\ BcmtWm
a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶Xv Ah\pw C{]-Imcw ]d-bp-¶p. P\-{ipXn
]d-ªp.
k l £¯m f\znjy, \mhn-Z-anXn {]
tXybmb; Xwtlm hmN:þ b{Xmtc!
{_mÒ-Wk
- ym-t\z-jWm X tZ\ aÀtÑ-Xn.
B £¯mhv At\z-jn-¨n«v Rm³ Adn-ªnà F¶pw
]dªv Xncn-¨p-h-¶p. Ah-t\mSp cmPmhv ]dªp: FtSm
{_mÒ-W sâ At\z-j Ww Fhn-s S-b mtWm AhnsS
sscIzs\ At\z-jn-¡q.
tkm f[kvXmÑ ISky ]mam\w Ij-amW
apt]m ]hn-th-i, \ lm`yp-hmZxþ Xzw
\p `Khx kbp-kzm-sscIz CXn Alw
lycm3 CXn l {]Xn PtÚ, kl
£¯m fhnZ-anXn {]tXy-bmb

I Ah³ iI-S-¯nsâ ASn-bn ]mam-hns\ sNmdn-ªp-
sIm-­n-cn- ¡p¶ Hcp- hsâ ASp- ¡Â sN¶n- cp-¶p. B sscIz-
t\mSv ]d-ª p. `K- h m-t\, kzbp-i zm- h mb sscIz³
A§mtWm Rm³ Xs¶- bmWv F¶v sscIz³ ]d-ªp. B
£¯mhv Rm³ sscIzs\ Adnªp F¶p ]dªp {]Xym-
K-an-¨p.
c­mw JÞw
XZpl Pm\-{ipXnx ]u{Xm-bWx jSv
iXm\n Khmw, \njvI, aiz-X-co-cYw
X Zm Zmb {]Xn-N{- Ita
]u{Xm-b-W-\mb Pm\-{ipXn Adp-\qdp ]ip-¡tf Igp-
¯n-en-Sp¶ lmc-t¯-bpw, s]¬tIm-hÀ Igp-X-IÄ hen-
¡p¶ Hcp cY-t¯-bpw, FSp-¯p-sIm­v sscIzsâ ASp-
¡-te¡p sN¶p.
Xw lm`yp-hmZ:þ ssctIz-am-\n-jSv
iXm\n Khm, abw \njvtImfb aiz
Xco-ctYm f\pa GXmw `Kthm tZ
hXmw im[n, bmw tZhXm ap]mÊ CXn.
sscIz-t\mSp ]dªp: AÃtbm sscIz CXm Adp-\q-dp-
]-ip- ¡Ä; CXm IÞ-lm-cw, CXm Aiz- §sf ]q«nb cYw.
AÃ-tbm, `K-hmt\ A§v GXv tZh- Xtb D]m-kn- ¡p-¶pthm Aán Ft¸mÄ DZzm- ks¯ {]m]n- ¡p- ¶pthm At¸mÄ hmbp-
Cu tZh-Xsb F\n¡v ]d-ªp-X-cq.
Xapl ]cx {]Xyp-hm-Nml ltcXzm
iq{Z, Xsshh kl tKm`n-ck - vXznXn;
XZpl ]p\-tch Pm\-{ipXnx ]u{Xm
bWx kl{kw Khmw, \njvI, aiz-Xcn
cYw, Zpln-Xc
- w, XZm-Zmb {]Xn-N{- Ita
Pm\-{i-Xn-tbmSv sscIz³ D¯cw ]d-ªp. FSm iq{Z-
lm- c-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb iInSn ]ip- ¡-tfm-Sp-IqsS \n\-¡p- Xs¶
Ccn-¡-s«. AXn-\p-tijw ho­pw ]u{Xm-b-W\ - mb Pm\-
{ipXn Bbncw ]ip-¡-tfbpw IWvT-lm-c-t¯bpw Aiz-X-
co-c-Yt- ¯bpw Xsâ ]p{Xn-tbbpw Iq«n, A[-\h
sscIysâ ASp-¡-te¡p sN¶p.
Xw lm`yp-hmZ:þ ssctIzZw kl{kw
Khm, abw \njvtIm fba izX-co-cY
- ,
Cbw, Pmbm fbw {Kmtam bkvan-¶mtÊf
t\zham `Khx im[oXn
sscIz-t\mSv ]dªp AÃtbm sscIzm, CXm Bbncw
]ip-¡Ä, CXm IWvT-lm-cw, CXm Aiz-X-co-c-Yw, CXm
At§¡p `mcy, CXm A§v Ccn-¡p¶ {Kmaw. AÃtbm
`K-hm-t\, Fs¶ A\p-im-kn-¡-tW.
N P
224
Xkym l apJ apt]mZv KrlvW¶p hmN:-þ K
BP-lm-tcamx iq{Zm t\ ss\h aptJ\m
ffem]-bn-jyYm CXn tX ssltX ssc
Iz ]˨m \ma alm-hr-tjjp b{Xmkvam
Dhmk Xkvssa tlmhmN
B cmP-]p-{Xn-sb-X- s¶, hnZym-Zm-\-¯n-\pÅ Zzmc-sa¶v
Adn-ªp-sIm­v sscIz³ ]d-ªp. AÃtbm iq{Zm, Cu
]ip-¡-tfbpw aäpw \o sIm­p- h-¶tÃm \¶m-bn. Cu apJw-
sIm-­p-Xs¶ Fs¶-s¡m­p \o ]d-bn-¡p-¶p. A§n-s\-
bpÅ Cu {Kma-§Ä, alm-hr-£-§Ä F¶p ]d- bp¶ tZi-
§Ä sscIz-hÀ®-§Ä F¶p {]kn- ²- §- fm- Ip-¶p. B {Kma-
§-fn sscIz³ hkn-¨n-cp-¶p. B {Kma-§Ä sscIz\v
cmPmhp sImSp-¯- Xm-Wv. C§s\ [\w sImSp¯ cmPm- hn\v
sscIz³ hnZysb ]dªp-sIm-Sp-¯p.
aq¶mw JÞw
hmbpÀhmh kwhÀ¤x bZm hm Aán-cp-Zzm-bXn
hmbp-tahm t]yXn; bZm kqÀt¿m fkvXta-Xn,
hmbp-tahm t]yXn; bZm Nt{µm fkvXta-Xn,
hmbp-tahm t]yXn
_mly-amb hmbp kw{K-l-W-kz-`m-ha - p-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p.
hnsâ kz`mhw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. kqcy³ Ft¸mÄ AkvX-an-
¡p-¶pthm At¸mÄ hmbp-hnÂXs¶ ebn-¡p-¶p. N{µ³
Ft¸mÄ AkvX-an-¡p-¶pthm At¸mÄ hmbp-hn¯s¶
ebn- ¡p-¶p.
bZmf] DNviq-jy´n hmbp-ta-hm]n
b´n; hmbpÀtly ssh Xm³ kÀhm³
kw]r§vtà CXym-[n-ssZ-hXw
A¸p-I Ä Ft¸mÄ häp- ¶ pthm At¸mÄ hmbp-
hn¯s¶ ebn-¡p-¶p. hmbp Aán apX-em-bh - sb
FÃmw kw{K-kn-¡p-¶p. C§s\ tZh-X-I-fn-epÅ kwhÀ¤-
ZÀi\w D­m-Ip-¶p.
- p-ambn
AYm-[ymßw:þ {]mtWm hmh kwhÀ¤x
k bZm kz]nXn {]mW-tah hmK-t]yXn;
{]mWw N£px {]mWw t{im{Xw, {]mWw
a\x, {]mtWm tlyssh Xm³ kÀhm³
kw hr§và CXn.
C\n Bß-hn-j-b-I-amb kwhÀ¤-ZÀi\w ]d-bp-hm³
t]mIp-¶p. apJy-{]m-W³ kwhÀ¤-am-Ip-¶ p. ]pcp-j³
Ft¸mÄ Dd-§p-¶pthm At¸mÄ hmáv{Znbw {]mW-\nÂ
ebn-¡p-¶p. {]mW³ hmKm-Zn-Isf FÃmw kw{K-kn-¡p-¶p.

I Xu hm GXu Zzu kwhÀ¤u hmbp
tch tZth-jp, {]mWx {]mtW-jvT.
A§n- s\-bp-Åh Ch c­pw Xs¶-bm-Wv. P\-Kp-W-ap-
Åh tZh-·m-cn hmbp- X-s¶, hmKm- Zn-I- fmb {]mW-§- fnÂ
apJy³ {]mW-\m-Ip-¶p.
AY l iu\Iw N Imt]-b, a`n
{]Xm-coWw N Im£tk \nw ]cn
hnjy-amWu {_Ò-Nmco _n`nt£;
Xkvam Dl\ ZZ-Xpw.
C\n Hcp sFXn-ly-ap-ÅXp ]d-bmw. ]cn-th-jWw sN¿-
s¸- Sp-¶- h-cmb I]n- tKm-{X-P-X-\mb ip\- I-]p- {X-t\mSpw I£-
tk-\sâ A]-Xy-amb A`n-{]-Xm-cn-tbmSpw Hcp {_Ò-Nm-cn-
`n£ tNmZn¨p Ah-¶v `n£ sImSp-¯n-Ã.
ktlm-hmN:þ almß \Ý Xptcm tZh
GIx Ix k PKmc `qh-\ky tKm]mx
Xw Imt] b \m`n ]iy´n aÀ¯ym A
`n{]-Xm-cn³ _lp[m hk´w; b
kvssa hm GX-Z-¶w, Xkvam G X¶Z¯-an-Xn.
B {_Ò-Nmcn ]dªp: \mep alm-ßm-¡sf `qh-\-
¯nsâ c£n-Xm-hmb B {]Pm-]-Xn-bm-Ip¶ Hcp tZh³
{Kkn-¨p. AÃtbm Imt]-bm, A`n-{]m-Xm-cn³, ]e {]Im-c-
¯n hkn¡p¶ B {]Pm-]-Xnsb aÀ¯ym-·mÀ Adn-bp-
¶n- Ã. Cu A¶w BÀ¡m- bn-«p-Å-XmtWm Ah\v sImSp- ¡p- amXm-hmb Pm_m-e-tbmSv bm{X ]d-ªp. AÃtbm `hXn
¶n-Ã. Rm³ {_Ò-Ncyw BN-cn-¡p-hm³ t]mIp-¶p. Rm³ GXp
tKm{X-¡m-c-\m-sW¶p ]d-ªm-epw.
XZpl iu\Ix Iwt]bx {]Xn-a\zm
\x {]tXy-bmb; Bßm-tZ-hm\mw
P\nXm {]Pm\mw lnc-Wy-Zwãm
_`tkm f\kp-cnÀ½ lm´-a-ky-aln
am\-amlpx, A\-Zy-amt\m bZ-\-¶a
¯oXn sshhbw {_Ò-Nm-cn-t¶-Z.
ap]m-kva-tl, Z¯m- kvssa-`n-£m-anXn
B {_Ò-Nm-cn-bpsS hN\w Btem-Nn-¨p-sIm­v Imt]-
b- \mb iu\- I³ {_Ò-Nm- cn-bpsS ASp- ¡Â h¶p ]dªp:
Ah³ Ømh-c-Pw-K-a-§-fpsS Bßmhpw Aáym-Zn-I-fp-
tSbpw {]P-I-fp-tSbpw P\-bn-Xm-hpw, Hcn-¡epw \in-¡m¯
Zwã-It- fmSp IqSn-b-h-\pw, `£-W-io-e\pw ta[mhn Bbn-
«p-Å-h\pw BIp-¶p. Xm³ A\y-cm `£n-¡-s¸-SmsX
A¶-a-Ãm¯ Aán-hm¡v apX- em-bX - ns\ A`n-h-Zn-¡p¶p
F¶p-Å-Xn-\mÂ, Ahsâ aln-am-hns\ al-s¯¶p ]d-bp-
¶p. AÃtbm {_Ò-Nm- cn \mw ta¸-dª e£y- §- tfmSp
IqSnb {_Òs¯ FÃm-bn- S¯pw D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. Cu {_Ò-
Nm-cn¡v `n£ sImSp-¡q.
N P
225
Xkvam D l `Zpx tXhm GtX ] K
©mt\y, ]©m-t\y, Zi-k-´-kvXXv
IrXw `h-Xn, XkvamXv kÀhmkp Zn
£z¶-tah Zi IrXw, sskjm hn
cmk-¶m-Zo, XtbZw kÀhw Zrãw, kÀh
atkyZw Zrãw `h-Xy-¶mtZm `hXn
b Ghw thZb Ghw thZ.
B {_Ò-Nm-cn¡v `rXy-·mÀ `n£-sIm-Sp-¯p. A§-s\-
bpÅ Cu A©v thsd, A©v thsd þ BsI ]¯m-bn«v
ap¼p ]dª IrX- am-hp-¶p. AXn-\m FÃm Zn¡p-I-fnepw
IrX-amb AáymZn ZiIw A¶-am-Ip-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ
Cu hncmZv A¶m-Zn-\n-bm-Ip-¶p. B hncm-«n-\m Cu PK-
s¯Ãmw ImWp-¶p. C{]-Imcw Bcp Adn-bp-t¶m, Ah\v
Cu PK-s¯Ãmw Zrã-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah³ A¶m-Z-\mbn
Xocp- ¶p.
\memw JÞw
kXy Imtaml Pm_m-tem, P_memw
amXc ama-{´bmw Nt{I:þ {_Ò-Ncyw
`h-Xn, hnh-Õym-an, Inw tKmt{Xm \z
lakvan? CXn.
Pm_m-e-bpsS ]p{X-\mb kXy-Im-a-s\¶ Hcp-h³ Xsâ
km ssl\-ap-hmN:þ \ml-ta-XZv thZ
XmX, bZv tKm{XkvXz-akn;_lzlw
]cn-Nc
- ´n ]cn-Nm-cnWo buht\
Xzmae t`m km flta X¶-th-Z-bZv
tKm{X kvXzakn; P_mem Xp \mam l
akvan, kXy-Imtam \ma Xzakn; k
kXy Ima Gh Pm_mtem {_phoYmx
CXn
B P_me kXy-Im-a-t\mSv ]d-ªp: FtSm, \o GXp
tKm{X- ¡m- c- \m- W-¶p- ÅXv F\n-¡-dnªp IqSm, Rm³ hfsc
]cn- N - c n-¨ p- s Im­v ]cn- W - i n-e - b m- b n- c p- ¶ p. buÆ- \ -
¯n¯s¶ \ns¶ e`n-¨p. A§-s\-bpÅ F\n¡p \o
GXp tKm{X-¯n-ep-Å-h-\m-sW¶v Adn-bm³ km[y-an-Ã.
F¶m Rm³ P_me F¶p t]cp-Å-h- fm-Ip-¶p. \o kXy-
Im-a³ F¶p t]cp-Å-h-\m-Ip-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ \o P_m-
e-bpsS ]p{X-\mb kXy-Im-a-\m-W¶p BNm-cy-t\mSp ]d-
b-W w.
 226
I k l lmcn-{Zp-aXw KuX-a-ta-tXym-hmN:þ
{_Ò-Ncyw `K-hXn hÕym-ayp-t]bw `hX
´an-Xn.
B kXy-Im- a³ lcn-{Zp- hsâ ]p{X-\mb KuX-asâ ASp-
¯p-sN¶p ]dªp: `K-hmt\ A§-bpsS ASp-¡Â {_Ò-
N-cy-ambn hkn-¡-W-sa¶p Rm\m-{K-ln-¡p-¶p. `K-hms\
injy-s\-¶pÅ \ne-bn F\n¡v D]-K-an-¡-Ww.
Xw tlm hmN:þ Inw tKm{Xm\p tkymaym
koXn; k tlmhmN:þ \m lta-XZv
thZ t`m bZv tKmt{Xm fl akvan, A]r
Ñw amX-cw, kmam {]Xy-{_-hoXv þ {_
lzlw Nc´o ]cn-Nm-cnWo buht\
Xzm aet`; km flta X¶ thZ bZv
tKm{X kvXzakn; Pq_me Xp \maml
akvan, kXy-Imtam \ma Xza-ko-Xn, tkm
flw kXy Imtam Pm_mtem fkvant`mx
CXn.
B kXy-Im-a-t\mSv BNm-cy³ tNmZn¨p:þ AÃtbm ku-
aym, \o GXp tKm{X- ¡m-c-\mWv? kXy-Im- a³ ]d- ªp. Rm³
GXp tKm{X- ¡m-c-\m- sW¶v F\n- ¡- dn-ªp- Iq-Sm. Rm³ A½-
tbmSp tNmZn-¨p. A½ ]dªp: Rm³ hfsc ]cn-N-cn-¨p-
sIm­v ]cn-N-c-W- io- e-bm-bn-cp-¶p. buh-\-¯n \ns¶ e`n-
¨p. A§s\bpÅ Rm³ \o GXp tKm{X- ¡m-c-\m-sW¶v
Adn-bp-Ib- n-Ã. F¶m Rm³ Pm_me F¶p t]cp-Å-h-
fm-W.v \o kXy-hm³ F¶p t]cp-Å-h-\p-am-Ip-¶p. AÃtbm
`K-hm³, A§-s\-bpÅ Rm³ Pm_m-e-bpsS ]p{X\mb
kXy-Im-a-\m-Ip-¶p.
Xw tlmhmN:þ ss\XZ {_mÒtWm hn
thàp aÀl-Xn, kan[w tkmaym fflc,
D]Xzm t\tjy, \ kXym-ZKmx CXn.
Xap-]-\ob Irim\m a _em\w NXpxi
Xm Km \ncm-IrtXym hm tNamx tkm
aym\p kw{h-tPXn Xm A`n-{]-Øm-]b
¶p hmNm \mk-lt{kWm ffhÀt¯-tbXn
k l hÀj KWw t{]mhm-k, XmbZm
kl{kw kw t] Zpx
B kXy-Im-a-t\mSv KuX-a³ ]dªp: Cu hN-\s¯
{_mÒ-W -\Ã
- m-¯-h³ ]d-bp-hm³ \ymb-an-Ã. AÃtbm
kuaym, Na-X-sIm­p hcq. \ns¶ Rm³ D]-\-bn-¡mw.
kXy-¯n \n¶v \o sXän-bn-«n-Ã. Ahs\ D]-\-bn-¨n«v Iri-
§fpw A_-e-I-fpamb \m\qdp ]ip-¡sf ]ip-¡q-«-¯nÂ
\n¶p thÀXn-cn-¨p-\nÀ¯n- bn«v ]dªp: AÃtbm kuay Cu
tKm¡sf A\p-K-an-¡pI. B tKm¡sf Im«n-te¡p bm{X-
N P
bm-¡n-sIm­p kXy-Im-a³ ]dªp: Bbncw XnI-bmsX K
Rm³ Xncn¨p hcn- I-bn-Ã. B kXy-Im-a³ hfsc hÀj- §Ä
Ign-bp-¶-Xp-hsc Kpcp k¶n-[n-bn hcmsX Im«n Xs¶
Ign-ªp. At¸mÄ B ]ip-¡Ä Bbn-c-am-bn-¯oÀ¶p.
A©mw JÞw
AY ssl\ arjt`m f`yphmZ kXyIm
a3 CXn, `Kh CXnl {]Xnip
{imh; {]m]vXmx tkmay, kl{kw
kvax {]m]b \ BNm-cy-Ipew
]ns¶ kXy-Im-as\ Hcp Imf hnfn-¨p. kXy-Ima `K-
hms\ kXy-Im-a³ hnfn tI«p. AÃtbm kuaym, R§Ä
Bbncw F¶ kwJy {]m]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. R§sf BNm-cy-
Ip-e-¯n sIm­p sN¶p hnSq.
{_Ò-WÝ tX ]mZw {_hm-WoXn;
{_ho-Xpta `K-h-m\n-Xn, Xkvssatlm
hmN:þ {]mNn ZnIvIem, {]XoNo
Zn¡-em, Z£n-Wm-ZnIv ItemZo
NoZnIv Iem, Gjssh tkmay,
NXp-jvIex ]mtZm {_ÒWx {]Imihm³ \ma.
\n\¡v {_Ò-¯nsâ \men-sem-cp `mKw ]d-ªp-X-c-t«.
B Ej`w XpSÀ¶p tNmZn-¨p. `K-h³ F\n¡p ]dªp
X¶mepw kXy-Im-a³ ]d-ªp. Ah³ ]dªp: Ingt¡
Zn¡v {_Ò-sa¶ ]mZ-¯nsâ \men-sem-¶m-Ip-¶p. ]Sn-
ªmsd Zn¡v Hcp Ie-bm-Ip-¶p. sXt¡ Zn¡v Hcp Ie-bm-
Ip-¶p. hSt¡ Zn¡v Hcp Ie-bm-Ip-¶p. AÃtbm kuaym,
\mep Ie-I-tfmSp IqSn-b, {_Ò-¯nsâ Cu ]mZw {]Im-i-
hm³ F¶p t]cp-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p.
k b GX-tZhw hnZzmw-Ý-Xp-jvIew ]mZw
{_ÒWx {]Im-i-hm-\nXyp ]mkvtX, {]
Imi-hm-\-kvan³ temtI `h-Xn, {]Im
ihtXm l temIm-RvP-b-Xn, b GX
tahw hnZzm-Ý-Xp-jvIew ]mZw {_ÒWx
{]Imi hm\n-X yp-]mkvtX
C§s\ Adn-ªp-sIm­v Cu \mep-I-e-I-tfmSp IqSnb
{_Ò-¯nsâ ]mZw {]Im-i-hm³ F¶ KpW-t¯m-Sp-IqSn
Bcv D]m-kn-¡p-¶p-thm, Ah³ Cu temI-¯n {]hn-Jym-
X-\m-bn-¯o-cpw. C{]-Im-c-a-dn-ªp-sIm­v \mep Ie-I-tfm-Sp-
Iq-Snb Cu {_Ò-¯nsâ ]mZs¯ {]Imi-hm³ F¶ph¨v
Bcv D]m-kn-¡p-¶p-thm, Ah³ {]Im-i-apÅ temI-§Ä
{]m]n-¡pw.
 227
I Bdmw JÞw
Aántã ]mZw htàXn k l tizm
`qtX Km A `n{]-Øm-hbmw NImc;
Xm b{Xm Znkmbw _`qhp kvX{Xm-Km\n
ap]-kam[mb Km D]-cp[y kao-[-am-\mb
]Ým-Ztáx {]m§p-t]m-]-hn-th-i.
Aán \n\¡v {_Ò-¯nsâ Hcp ]mZw ]d-ªp-Xcpw
F¶p ]dªv Ej`w \ndp-¯n. kXy-Im-a³ ]ntä Znhkw
]ip-¡-sf-sIm­v BNm-cy-Ip-e-¯n-te¡p Xncn-¨p. B ]ip-
¡Ä kÔy-bm-b-t¸mÄ GXp tZi¯p sN¶p-thm, AhnsS
Xo Iq«n, ]ip-¡sf FÃmw XSp¯p \nÀ¯n, kan-Zm-[\w
sNbvXv Aán-bpsS ]nd-In Ing-t¡m«p apJ-ambn Ccp-¶p.
Xaán c`yp-hmZ kXy-Ima3 CXn
`Kh CXn l {]Xn ip{imh
kXy-Im-a-t\mSv Aán kXy-Imam F¶p hnfn-¨p. `K-
hmt\ kXy-Ima³ hnfn-tI-«p.
{_ÒWx tkmay, tX ]mZw {_hm-WoXn;
{_ho-Xpta `K-hm-\n-Xn, Xkvssa tlmhm
N:þ]r-Ynho Iem-´-co£w Iem, Zyux
Iem kap{Zx Iem, Gj ssh tkmay,
NXp-jvIex ]mtZm {_ÒtWm f´hm³ \ma-þ3
AÃtbm kuaym, \n\¡v {_Ò-¯nsâ ]mZs¯ Rm³
]d-ªp-X-cs« Aán ]d-ªp. `K-h³ F\n¡p ]d-ªp-X-
¶mepw F¶v kXy-Im-a³ D¯cw ]d-ªp. Ah\v Aán-]-
d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¯p. ]rYnhn Hcp Ie-bm-Ip-¶p. A´co£w
Hcp Ie-bm-Ip-¶p. tZymhv Hcp Ie-bm-Ip-¶p. kap{Zw Hcp
Ie-bm-Ip-¶p. AÃtbm kuaym, \mep Ie-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb
{_Ò-¯nsâ Cu ]mZw A\-´-hm³ F¶p t]cp-ÅX - m-
Ip-¶p.
k b GX-tahw hnZzmw-Ý-Xp-jvIew ]mZw
{_ÒtWm f\´-hm-\n-Xyp-]mkvtX f\´
hm\-kvan³ temtI `hXy \´-htXm
ltem Im³ Pb-Xnb GX-tahw
hnZzmw-Ý-Xp-jvIew ]mZw {_ÒtWm
f\´-hm- \n-X yp-] m- kvtX.
C{]-Imcw Adnªv \mep-I-e-I-tfmSp IqSnb Cu {_Ò-
]m-Z-¯nsâ A\-´Xzw F¶ Kpa-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xmbn Bcv
D]m-kn-¡p-¶p-thm Ah³ Cu temI-¯n k´m-\-hn-tÑ-
Z-an-Ãm-¯-h\ - m-bn-¯o-cpw. C{]-Im-c-a-dn-ªp-sIm­v \mep-I-
e- I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb Cu {_Ò- ¯nsâ ]mZw A\- ´- hm³ F¶p
Nn´n¨v Bcp D]m-kn-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ £b-an-Ãm¯
temI-§Ä {]m]n-¡pw.
N P
Ggmw JÞw K
lwkkvtX ]mZw htàXn k l tiz`q
tX Km A`n-{]-Øm-]bmw NImc; Xm
b{XmZn kmbw _`q-hr, kvX{Xmán ap] k
am[m-bKm D]-cp[y kan-[-am-[mb ]
ÝmZtáx {]m§p-t]m] hnthi
lwkw \n\¡v Hcp ]mZs¯ ]d-ªp-X-cpw. F¶p
]dªp Aán hnc-an-¨p. Ah³ ]ntä Znh-k- am-b- t¸mÄ ]ip-
¡sf bm{X-bm-¡n. B ]ip-¡Ä kÔy-bm-b-t¸mÄ GXp
Øe-¯mtbm AhnsS Xo Iq«n ]ip-¡sf XSp-¯p- \nÀ¯n.
kan-Zm-[m\w sNbvXv Aán-bpsS ]Sn- ªm- dp-hiw Ing-t¡m«v
apJ-ambn ASp-¡Â Ccp-¶p.
Xw lwk D]-\n-]-Xym-`yp-hmZ:þ kXy
Ima3 CXn `Kh CXn l {]Xn
ip{im-h .
lwkw ASp-¡Â h¶v Ahs\ hnfn¨p:- kXy-Imam
F¶p hnfn-¨p. `K-hmt\ kXy-Im-a³ hnfn-tI-«p.
{_ÒWx tkmay! tX ]mZw {_hmWo
Xn; {_ho-Xpta `K-hm-\nXn; Xkvssa
tlmhmN:þ Aánx Iem, kqÀ¿x Iem
N{µx Iem hnZyp-XvIem; Gj ssh
tkmay, NXp-jvIex ]mtZm {_ÒtWm
tPymXn-jvam³ \ma.
AÃtbm kuaym, \n\¡p {_Ò- ¯nsâ ]mZs¯ Rm³
]dªp Xc- s«. F¶p lwkw tNmZn-¨p. `K-hm³ F\n¡p
]dªp X¶mepw F¶p kXy-Im-a³ D¯cw ]d-ªp.
Ah\p lwkw ]dªp sImSp-¯p. Aán Hcp Ie-bm-Ip-
¶p. kqcy³ Hcp Ie-bm-Ip-¶p. N{µ³ Hcp Ie-bm-Ip-¶p.
hnZyp¯v Hcp Ie-bm-Ip-¶p. kuaym, Cu \mep-I-e-It- fmSp
IqSnb {_Ò-¯nsâ ]mZw tPymXn-jvam³ F¶p t]cp-Å-
Xm-Ip-¶p.
k b Ghw hnZzmw-Ý-Xp-jvIew ]mZw
{_ÒtWm tPymXn-jvam-\ n-Xyp-]mkvtX
tPymXn-jvam-\-kvan³ temtI `hXn
tPymXnjvatXm l temIm³ PbXn b
GX-tahw hnZzmw-Ý-Xp-jvIew ]mZw
{_ÒtWm tPymXn-jvam-\ n-Xyp-]mkvtX
C§ns\ Adnªv Cu \mep-I-e-I-tfmSp IqSnb {_Ò-
¯nsâ ]mZw tPymXn-jvam³ F¶p-h¨v Bcv D]m-kn-¡p-
¶pthm Ah³ Cu temI-¯n Zo]vXnbpÅh-\m-bn-¯o-
cpw. CXv Adnªv Cu \mep Ie-Isf tPymXn-ja
v m³ F¶p-
h¨v Bcp-]m-kn-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ tPymXn-ÊpÅ temI-
§Ä {]m]n-¡pw.
 228
I F«mw JÞw
aZv Kptã ]mZw htàXn; kl
tizm`qtX Km A`n-{]-Øm-]bmw
NIm-c, Xm b{Xm`n kmbw _`qhp
kvX{Xmán ap]-k-am-[mb Km D]-cp[ym;
kan-[-am-[mb, ]Ým-Ztáx {]m§p
t]m]-hn-th-i .
ImcWw \n\¡v {_Ò-¯nsâ Hcp ]mZs¯ ]d-ªp-
Xcpw F¶p ]d-ªp-sIm­v lwkw hnc-an-¨p. Ah³
]ntä¶p ]ip-¡-fp-ambn \S-¶p. B ]ip-¡Ä kÔy-bm-b-
t¸mÄ FhnStbm AhnsS Xo Iq«n ]ip-¡sf XSp¯v Hcp-
an-¨m-¡n. kan-Zm-[m\w sNbvXv Aán-bpsS ]Sn-ªm-dp-`m-
K¯v Ing-t¡m-«p-ap-J-ambn Ccp-¶p.
Xw aZv Kpcp ]\n-]-Xym-`yp-hmZ kXy
Ima3 CXn `Kh CXn.
\oÀt¡mgn (Im- c- Ww) ASp- ¡Â h¶v kXy- Im- a- t\m-Smbn
"kXy-Im-ammm' F¶p hnfn-¨p. "`K-hmt\' F¶v Ah³ hnfn-
tI-«p.
{_ÒWx tkmay, tX ]mZw {_hm
WoXn, {_ho-Xpta `K-h-\n-Xn, Xkvssa
tlmhmN:þ {]mWx Iem N{ipx Iem,
t{im{Xw Iem a\x Iem, Gj ssh
tkmay NXp-jvIex ]mtZm {_ÒW
Bb X\-hm³ \ma.
AÃtbm tkmay \n\¡p Rm³ {_Ò- ¯nsâ Hcp ]mZw
]d-ªp-X-c-t«tbm Imc-Ww tNmZn-¨p. `K-hm³ F\n¡p ]d-
ªp-X-¶mepw. kXy-Im-a³ D¯cw ]d-ªp. Ah-t\mSp
ImcWw ]d-ªp. {]mW³ Hcp Ie-bm-Ip-¶p. N£pÊv Hcp
Ie-bm-Ip-¶p. t{im{Xw Hcp Ie-bm-Ip-¶p. a\Êv Hcp Ie-
bm-Ip-¶p. AÃtbm tkmaym, \mep Ie-J-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb Cu
{_Ò-¯nsâ ]mZw Bb X\- hm³ F¶p t]cp-Å- Xm- Ip-¶p.
k b GX-tahw hnZzmw-Ý-Xp-jvIew ]mZw
{_ÒW Bb X\-hm\n Xyp]mkvtX Bb
X\-hm-\-kvan³ temtI `hXn; Bb
X\-htXm ltem-Im-³ Pb-Xn, b GX
tahw hZzmw ÝXp-jvIew ]mZw {_Ò
W Bb X\ hm\n-Xyp-]m-kvtX.
C§ns\ a\-Ên-em¡n \mep Ie-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb Cu
{_Ò- ]mZw Bb X\- hm³ F¶p- h¨v Bcv D]m- kn- ¡p- ¶pthm
Ah³ Cu temI-¯n Bb-X-\-ap-Åh - \
- m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
C{]-Im-c-a-dnªv \mep-I-e-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb Cu {_Ò-¯nsâ
]mZs¯ Bb-X-\-hm³ F¶ph¨v BÀ D]m-kn-¡p-¶pthm
Ah³ [mcmfw CS-apÅ temI-§sf {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
N P
H³]Xmw JÞw K
{]mhlm ffNmÀ¿-Ipew Xam-NmÀt¿m f`yphm
Z; kXy-Imam3 CXn `Kh CXnl
{]Xn-ip-{imh
kXy-Im-a³ {_Ò-hn-Úm\w t\Sn BNm-cy-Ip-es¯
{]m]n-¨p. BNm-cy³ kXy-Im-ammm F¶p hnfn-¨p. `K-hmt\
F¶p kXy-Im-a³ hnfn-tI-«p.
{_Ò hnZnh tkmay `mkn, tIm\p Xzm f\p
iim-tk-Xn, At\y a\p-tjy`y CXn l
{]Xn-PtÚ; `Khmw kvtXhta Imta
{_pbmÂ.
AÃtbm kuaym, \o {_Ò-hn-¯n-s\-t¸mse tim`n-¡p-
¶p. \ns¶ BcmWv A\p-im-kn-¨-Xv. BNm-cy³ tNmZn¨p:
a\p-jy-cn \n¶v A\y-cm-bn-«p-Å-h-cm-W.v kXy-Im-a³ {]Xn-
Ú-sN-bvXp. `K-hm³ Xs¶ F\n¡v CÝ-bp-ÅXv Ct¸mÄ
]d-ªp-X-c-Ww.
{ipXw tlyhta `K-hZv Zrti`y B
NmÀ¿m-ss²h hnZym hnZnXm km[nãw
{]m]Xo Xn. Xkvssa-sslX tZthm
hmNm{X l\ InwN\ hnbm tbXn, ]nbm-tb-Xn.
`K-hm-s\-t¸m-epÅ Bfp-If- n \n¶v Rm³ tI«n-«p­v;
hnZy BNm-cy-\nÂ\n¶v Xs¶ Adn-b-s¸-«mse km[p-X-a-
Xzs¯ {]m]n- ¡-bp-Åp. kXy-Im- a\v tZh-X-IÄ ]d-ªp-sIm-
Sp¯ hnZy-sb-¯s¶ BNm-cy³ ]dªp sImSp-¯p.
bmsXm¶pw hn«p-t]m-bn-Ã.
]¯mw JÞw
D]-tIm-ktem lssh Ima-em-b\x kXy
Imta Pm_mte {_Ò-NÀ¿-ap-hmk; Xky
l ZzmZ-i-hÀjm-Wy-áo³ ]cn-NN
- mc; k
lkvam-\y-\t´ hmkn\x kam-hÀ¯bw
kvXnwl ssh\ kam-hÀ¯-b-Xn.
Ia-esâ ]p{X-\mb D]-tIm-k-e³ P_m-eb - psS ]p{X-
\mb kXy-Im-asâ ASp-¡Â {_Ò-N-cy-t¯msS ]mÀ¯p.
]{´- ­p-hÀjw Ahsâ Aán-Isf ]cn-N-cn-¨p. Ah³ aäp-
in-jy-·msc kzm[ymbw {Kln-¨p-Xn-cn-¨-b-¨n«pw D]-tIm-k-
es\ kam-hÀ¯n- ¸n-¨n-Ã.
Xw Ptbm hmNm:þ X]vtXm {_Ò-Nmcn
Ipi-ea
- -án³ ]cn-Nm-co³ amXzmf
ábx ]cn-t{]m-N³; {]{_q-lykvam CXn
Xkvssalm t{]m ssNyh {]hmkmw Nt{I.
 229
I B BNm-cy-t\mSv `mcy ]d-ªp. Cu {_Ò-Nmcn hfsc
t¢in¨v th­-hn-[-¯n Aán-Isf ]cn-N-cn-¨p. A§v
Aán-Isf \nµn-¡-cp-Xv. Cu {_Ò-Nm-cn¡v hnZy ]dªp
sImSp-¡q. F¶v `mcy ]d-ªn«pw BNm-cy³ B injy\v
H¶pw ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¡msX XoÀ°m-S-\-¯n\p t]mbn.
k l hym[n\m \inXpw Zt{[; Xam-NmÀ¿
Pmtbm hmN: {_Ò Nmcn-¶m-im-\, Inw
\p \miv\m-koXn ktlm-hmN þ _lp
h Cta fkvan³ ]pcp-tj-Im-am-\m-\mXy
bmx hym[n`nx {]Xn-]qÀt®m-kvan, \m
injyman CXn.
B {_Ò-Nmcn at\mZpxJw \nan¯w A\-i\w A\p-
jvTn-¡p-¶-Xn\v \nÝ-bn-¨p. Ah-t\mSv BNm-cysâ `mcy
]dªp: AÃtbm {_Ò-N m-c o, `£Ww Ign-¡q. \o
F´mWv `£Ww Ign-¡m-¯Xv? AXn\v B {_Ò- Nmcn ]d-
ªp. Cu ]pcp-j-\n CÑ-IÄ hf-sc-b-[nIw D­v. AXv
]e hgn¡p IS¶p-t]m-hp¶ hym[n-I-fm-bn-¯oÀ¶n-cn-¡p-
¶p. hym[n-I-fm Rm³ {]Xn-]qÀ®-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Rm³
`£Ww Ign-¡-bn-Ã.
AY ^m ábx kap-Zntc:þ X]vtXm {_Ò
Nmcn Ipiew \x ]À¿-Nm-co-Xv, l´mkvssa
{]{_-hm-taXn, Xkvssa tlmNpx:þ {]mtWm
{_ÒIw Jw{_Ò CXn.
Aán-IÄ Hcp-an¨p tNÀ¶p Ah-t\mSp ]dªp:þ {_Ò-
Nmcn X]vX-\m-bn«v \½sf th­-hn-[-¯n ]cn-N-cn-¨p.
Ct¸mÄ Ah\v \mw th­Xp ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¡-Ww. B
{_Ò- Nm-cn¡v Aán-IÄ ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¯p. {]mW³ {_Ò-
am-Ip-¶p. Iw{_-Ò-am-Ip-¶p. Jw {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p.
k tlm hmN:þ hnPm-\m-aylw bXv
{]mtWm {_Ò, Iw, NXpJw N\ hn
Pm\m-ao-Xn, tXtlmNpx:þ bZzm-h-Iw,
XtZh Jw btZ-h-Iw, XtZ-h-I-an-Xn,
{]mWw N lmkvssa XZm-Imiw tNmNpx
D]-tIm-k-e³ ]dªp {]mW³ {_Ò-am-Ip¶p F¶Xv
GXmtWm AXp Rm³ Adn-bp-¶p. F¶m I t¯bpw
J t¯bpw Rm³ Adn-bp-¶n-Ã. Aán-IÄ ]dªp Iw
F¶p ]d-ªXv GtXm AXv Xs¶ Jw F¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
Jw GXmtWm AXp-Xs¶ Iw F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Ch¶v
{]mW-t\-bpw, {]mWsâ lrZ-bm-Im-i-t¯bpw ]dªp
sImSp-¯p.
]Xn- s \m¶mw JÞw
AY ssl\w KmÀl-]tXym f\piim
k:þ ]rYnhy án c¶ amZnXy CXn; b
N P
Gj BZntXy ]pcptjm Zriy-tX, K
tkm flakvXn k Ghm l akvan; CXn
]ns¶ Cu D]-tIm-k-es\ KmÀl-]Xy Aán A\p-im-
kn-¨p. ]rYn-hn, Aán, A¶w BZn-Xy³ F¶nh Fsâ
X\p-¡-fm-Ip-¶p. BZn-Xy-\n GXp ]pcp-js\ BtWm
ImWp-¶Xv B ]pcp-j³ Rm³ BIp-¶p. Rm³ Ah³
Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p.
k b GX-tahw hnZzm-\p-]mkvtX f]l
tX ]mh-IrXymw temIo `h-Xn, kÀh
ambp-tc-Xn, tPymKv Poh-Xn, \mkym-hc
]pcp-jmx £obt´; D] hbw Xw `q
RvPmtam fkvanwÝ temtI apjvanw Ýb
GXta hw hnZzm-\p-]m-kvtX.
Cu KmÀl-]-Xym- ánsb Bcp D]m-kn-¡p- ¶pthm Ah³
]m]-IÀ½-§- Ä \in-¸n-¡p- ¶p. temI-ap- Å-h- \m-bn-¯o-cp- ¶p.
apgp-h³ Bbp-Ênt\ {]m]n-¡p- ¶p. DPz-e-ambn Pohn-¡p-¶p.
Chsâ ]n¡m-e-ap-Å -h À £bn-¡ -b n-à . Cu temI-
¯nepw ]c-tem-I-¯nepw Ahs\ R§Ä ]men-¡p-¶p.
C{]-Imcw Adn-ªp-sIm­v Cu KmÀl-]-Xym-ánsb Bcp
D]m-kn-¡p-¶pthm Ah\v Cu ^ew kn²n-¡pw.
]{´­mw JÞw
AY ssl\-a-\zm-lmcy NNt\m f\pi-imk:þ
Bt]m-Zntim \£-{Xm-Wn, N{µam CXn;
b Gj N{µ-akn ]pcptjm ZriytX tkm
la-kvan, k Ghm la-kvaoXn
A\-´cw Chs\ Z£n- Wmán A\p-im-kn-¨p. A¸p-IÄ,
Zn¡p-IÄ, \£-{X-§Ä, N{µ³ F¶n-§s\ F\n¡p \mep
ico-c-§Ä D­v. N{µ- a- Ên GXp ]pcp- j- s\- bmtWm ImWp-
¶Xv Ah³ Rm\m-Ip-¶p. Rm³ Ah³ Xs¶- bm-Ip-¶p.
k b Gh-taXw hnZzm-\p-]kvtX f]ltX
]m]-Ir-Xymw, temIo-`-h-Xn, kÀh-am-bp-tc-Xn,
tPymKvPo-hXn; \mkym-h-c-]p-cpjmx £o
bt´; D]-hbw Xw `qPmtam/kvanw Ý
temtI/ apjvanw Ý b GX-tahw hnZzm
\phmkvtX
(C-Xnsâ hymJym\w ]Xn-s\m¶mw JÞ-¯nsâ Ah-
km-\-¯n- ep-Å-Xp-X-s¶- bm-W.v )
]Xn-aq¶mw JÞw
AY ssl\ aml-h-\o-tbm-f\p-i-imk:þ
{]mW BImtim ZyuÀhn-Zyp-ZnXn; b
 230
I Gj hnZypXn ]pcptjm ZriytX tkm
flakvan; k Ghml akvaoXn
A\-´cw Al-h -\ o-b³ Ahs\ A\p-im-k n¨p:þ
{]mW³, BIm-iw, tZymhv, hnZyp¯v F¶n-§s\ \mep X\p-
¡Ä F\n¡p­v. hnZyp-¯n GXp ]pcp-j³ ImW-s¸-
Spt¶m B ]pcp-j³ Rm\m-Ip-¶p.
k b GX-tahw hnZzm\p ]mkvtX f]ltX
]m]-IrXymw temIo-`-hXn kÀh-am-bp-tc-Xn,
tPymKv PohXn; \mkym-h-c-]p-cpjmx £ob
t´, D]-hbw `qRvPmtam fkva nwÝ
temtI/ apjvanw Ý b GX-tahw hnZzm
\p]kvtX
(C-Xnsâ hymJym-\hpw ]Xn-s\m¶mw JÞ-¯nsâ
Ah-km- \-¯n-ep-Å-Xm-W.v )
]Xn-¶ memw JÞw
tX tlm Npcp] tImk-sse-jm-skuaytX
kvaZzn-Zymff-ß-hn-ZymNm ffNmÀ¿
kvXptX KXnwh
tàXn BP-Km-alm ffNmcy-kvXa
- m-NmÀt¿m
fZyphm-tZm-]tIm ke3 CXn.
B Aán-IÄ ]dªp: AÃtbm kuay-\mb D]-tIm-
ke CXm \n\¡v R§-fpsS hnZybpw Aß-hn-Zybpw ]d-
ªp-X-¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. BNmcy-\m-Is« \n\¡p KXnsb ]d-
ªp-X-cpw. Chsâ BNm-cy³ h¶p. Ahs\ BNm-cy³
D]-tIm-kew F¶p hnfn-¨p.
`Kh CXn-l. {]Xn-iq-{imh {_Ò-hnZ
Ch-tkym-ay, tX apJw-`mXn; tIm\p-Xzmf\p
iimk CXn. tIm\p-am-a-\p-in-jymZvt`m
CXn-lm-t]h \nÓp-tX. Cta \q\-an-Zrim
A\ym-Zrim CXn-lm-áo-\-`yptZ Inw\p
tkmay InetX fthmN ¶Xn.
`K-hmt\ F¶v D]-tIm-ke - ³ hnfn-tI-«p. AÃtbm
kuay \nsâ apJw {_Ò-¯nsâ F¶-t]mse hnf-§p-¶p.
\ns¶ Bcp A\p-im-kn-¨p. BNm-cy³ tNmZn-¨p. AÃtbm
O`- K-hms\ Bcm-Wv Fs¶ A\p-iw- kn- ¡p- ¶Xv F¶v BIp- Ch³ FÃm hma-§- tfbpw \bn- ¡p- ¶p. C{]- Imcw Bcp Adn-
¶-Xp-t]mse D]-tIm-k-e³ ]d-ªp. apt¼ thsd hn[-¯n- bp-¶pthm Ah³ hma-§-fm-bn-«p-Å-sXÃmw \bn-¡p-¶p.
en-cp-¶-hcpw Ct¸mÄ Cu hn[-¯n-en-cn-¡p-¶-hc
- p-amb Cu
Aán-IÄ Xs¶ Fs¶ D]-tZ-in-¨p. Ah³ Aán-Isf
Nq­n-¸-d-ªp. AÃtbm kuaym, \n\¡v F´mWv AhÀ
]d-ªp-X-¶Xv? BNm-cy³ tNmZn-¨p.
N P
CZ-anXn l {]Xn-PtÚ temIm³ hmh-Ine K
tkmaytX fthmN³; Alw Xp tXX-Zzm-£yman
bYm ]pjvIc]emi Bt]m-\-¥n-jy´ Gh
tahw hnZn ]m]w IÀ½-\-¥n-jytX CXn
{_ho-Xpta `Kh \nXn Xkvssa tlmhm-N.
injy³ C§s\ F¶p ]dªp: AÃtbm kuaym,
AhÀ temI-§sf am{X-amWv ]d- ªp- X-¶Xv F¶m Rm³
\n\¡v {_Ò-s¯- ¸än ]d-ªp-X-cmw. GXp-{]-Imcw Xma-c-bn-
e-bn Pew ]äp-¶n-Ã-tbm, A{]-Imcw {_Òs¯ Rm³
]d-bm³ t]mIp-¶-Xp-t]mse Adn-bp-¶-h-\n ]m]-IÀ½w
]äp-I-bn-Ã. BNm-cy³ ]dªp: `K-h³ F\n¡p ]dªp
X¶mepw injy³ ]d-ªp. Ah\v BNm-cy³ ]dªp
sImSp-¯p.
]Xn-\©mw JÞw
b Gtjm f£nWn ]pcptjm Zriy-X, Gj
Btß-Xntlm hmssN-X-Z-ar-X-`-b-taX
Z {_tÒXn; XZy-Zy-]y-kvan³ k¸nÀtÆm-ZIw
hm kn©Xn hÀß\o Gh KÑ-Xn.
I®o I®n GXp ]pcp-j-\mtWm ImW-s¸-Sp-¶Xv
B ]pcp-j³ Bßm-hm-Ip¶p F¶p ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¯p.
Rm³ ]dª Cu Bß-XXzw \in-¡m-¯Xpw `b-an-Ãm-¯-
Xp-am-Ip-¶p. CXv {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p. ]pcpjsâ Øm\-amb Cu
A£n-bn kÀ¸n-t\-tbm, DZ-I-t¯tbm tkN\w sN¿q.
Ch Ca-I-sf-¯s¶ Kan-¡p-¶p. ]pcp-jsâ \nc-RvP-\Xzw
hÀ®n-¡p-¶p.
GXw kw bZzma CXym N£-tX, GXw ln
kÀhmWn hmam-\y-`n-kw-b´n; kÀhmtWy
\w hmam-\y`n kwb-´nb Ghw thZ
Cu ]pcp-js\ kwb-Zzm-a³ F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Fs´-
¶m tim`-\-am-bn-«p-Å-h-sbÃmw Cu ]pcp-js\ A`n-kw-
K-an-¡p-¶p. C§s\ Bcv Adn-bp-¶pthm Ahs\ tim`-\-
§-fm-bn-«p-Å-h-sbÃmw A`n-kw-K-an- ¡p-¶p.
Gj D Gh hma-\o-tcj kÀhmWn
hmam\n \bXn; kÀhmWn hmam\n \bXn
b Ghw thZ
Cu ]pcp-j³ Xt¶ hma-\o-ba - m-Ip-¶p. Fs´-¶mÂ
Gj D Gh `man\o tcj ln kÀthjp
temtIjp `mXn. kÀthjp temtIjp `mXn
b Ghw thZ
 231
I Ch³ Xs¶ `man- \n- bm- Ip- ¶p.Fs´- ¶m Ch³ FÃm
temI§fnepw tim`n-¡p-¶p. C{]-Imcw Bcp Adn-bp-¶p-
thm, Ah³ FÃm temI-§-fnepw hnf-§p-¶p.
AY bZp ssNhm-kvan³ ihyw IpÀ´n,
bZn-N\
- m, À¨j tahmZn kw`-h-´n, A
À¨ntjm flm, cÓ B ]qÀ¿-am-W-]£
am]qÀ¿ amW-]-£m-Zym³ jkp-c-t§Xn
amwkmw kvXm³, amtk`yx kwh-Õ-cw,
kwh-Õcm ZmZn-Xy, amZn-Xym-¨{- µ-a-kw,
N{µ-atkm hnZyp-Xw, XXv ]pcptjmf
am\hx k G\m³ {_Ò-K-a-bXn; Gj
tZh ]tYm {_l ]Yx, GtX\ {]Xn
]Zy-am\m Caw am\-h-am-hÀ¯w \mff
hÀ¯-t´-\ff hÀ¯t´
Chsâ hnj-b¯ - n ii-hI - À½w sN¿p-s¶-¦nepw
sN¿p-¶n-sÃ-¦nepw AÀ¨n-c-`n-am-\n-bmb tZh-sX-tb-¯s¶
{]m]n-¡p-¶p. AÀ¨-Ên \n¶v Al-c-`n-am-\n-bmb tZh-X-
tb-bpw Al-ÊnÂ\n¶v ip¢-]£ - - tZ-h-X-tbbpw ip¢-]-£-
tZ-h-X-bn \n¶v D¯-cm-bW tZh-X-tbbpw B amk-§-
fn \n¶v kwh-Õ-c-tZ-h-X-tbbpw kwh-Õ-c-¯n \n¶v
BZn-Xy-t\bpw BZn-Xy-\nÂ\n¶v N{µ-a-Ên-t\bpw N{µ-a-
Ên \n¶v hnZyp-¯n-t\bpw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. AhnsS a\p-jy-
\- Ãm¯ ]pcp-j³ hcp- ¶p. Ah³ Chsc {_Òs¯ {]m]n-
¸n-¡p-¶p. CXv tZh ]Yhpw {_Ò-]-Yhpw BIp-¶ p.
CXnÂIqSn t]mIp-¶-hÀ Cu a\p-hnsâ krãn-cq-]a - mb
BhÀ¯s¯ BhÀ¯n-¡p-¶n- Ã. BhÀ¯-sa-¶p-]-d-bp-
¶Xv P\-\-a-c-W-§-fpsS XpSÀ¨-bm-Ip¶ N{I-¯nÂs¸«p
Id-§p-¶-Xn-s\-bm-W.v
]Xn-\ mdmw JÞw
Gj l ssh btÚm tbm fbw ]h-tX,
Gj lb-¶nZw kÀhw ]p\m-Xn, btZ
j b¶n-Zw, kÀhw ]p\m-Xn, XkvamtZ
j Gh-b-Ú, kvXky a\Ý hmIv
N hÀ¯-\o.
GsXmcp hmbp-hmtWm ip²o-Ic - n-¡p-¶Xv A§-s\-
bpÅ hmbp bÚ-am-sW¶p {]kn-²-am-Ip-¶p. Cu hmbp
Kan-¨p-sIm­v Cu PK-¯n- s\-sbÃmw ip²-am-¡p-¶p. Cu
hmbp k©-cn-¨p-sIm­v Cu PK-¯ns\ FÃmw ip²-am-
¡p¶p F¶p-Åt- XtXm AXp-sIm-­p-Xs¶ Cu hmbp
bÚ-am-Ip-¶p. B bÚ-¯nsâ amÀ¤-§Ä a\Êpw
hm¡p-am-Ip- ¶p.
Xtbm-cky Xcmw þ a\km kwkvI-tcmXn
{_Òm hmNm-tlmX f[À¿-cp-Zv KmXmf
N P
\yXcmw; kb t{Xm ]mIrtX {]mX-c\p K
hmtI ]pcm-]-cn-[m-\o-bmb {_Òm
hyh-h-Z-Xn, A\y-X -cm-tah hÀ¯\nw
kwkvI-tcmXn lobtX f\yXcm
B c­p hÀ¯- \n-I-fn H¶ns\ {_Ò-sa¶p ]d-bp¶
EXzn¡v a\- Êp- sIm­v kwkvI- cn- ¡p- ¶p. asäm- ¶ns\ tlmXm-
hpw, A[zÀ¿-hpw, DZvKm-Xmhpw hm¡p-sIm­v kwkvI-cn-
¡p-¶p. Fhn-sS, ikv{Xw Bcw- `n-¨n-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ ]cn- [m-\ob
F¶p ]d-bp¶ E¡n-\,v ap¼v B {_Òmhv au\s¯ Dt]-
£n-¡p-¶p-thm, AhnsS H¶ns\ am{Xsa kwkvIc - n-¡p-I-
bp-Åp. asäm¶v \ã-s¸-Sp-¶p.
k b ssY Iw]m-Zv{h-P³, ctYmssh
tI\ Nt{IW hÀ¯-amt\m cnjytXy
ha kybtÚm cnjyXn; bÚw cnjy´w
bP-amt\m/\pcn-jyXn; k Cãzm
]m]o-bm³ `hXn
GXp {]Im-c-amtWm Hcp ]mZ-t¯mSp IqSn-b-h³ hgn-
t]m-Ip-t¼mÄ \in-¡p-¶Xv AÃ-¦n Hä-¨{Iw sIm­v
hÀ¯n-¡p¶ cYw k©-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ \in-¡p-¶Xv A{]-
Imcw Cu bP-am\sâ B bÚw \in-¡p-¶p. \in-¡p¶
bÚs¯ bP-am-\³ A\p-\i - n-¡p-¶p. B bP-am-\³
bmKw sNbvXv IqSp-XÂ ]m]-ap-Å-h\- m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
AY bt{Xm-]m-IrtX {]mX-c\
- p-hmtI \
]pcm ]cn-[m-\o-bmbm {_Òm-hy-h-hZ
XyptZ Gh hÀ¯\o kwkvI-Àh´o \lo
btX f\yXcm
FhnsS {]mX-c-\p-hmIw Bcw-`n-¨-Xnsâ tijw, ]cn-[m-
\o-b-X¡p ap³]v {_Òmhv au\s¯ Dt]-£n-¡p-¶n-Ãtbm
AhnsS c­p hÀ¯-\n-I-tfbpw kwkvI-cn-¡p-¶p. c­nÂ
H¶pw \jvS-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã.
k btYm-`b ]mZv{h-P³, ctYm-t]mZm
`ymw N{Im`ymw hÀ¯-am\x {]Xn-XnjvT
tXy ha-ky-bÚx {]Xn-Xn-ãXn; bÚw
{]Xn-Xn-ã´w bP-amt\m f\p{]-XnXn
jvTXn; k Cãzm-t{i-bm³ `hXn
F{]-Imcw c­p Imep-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]pcp-j³ hgn-t]m-
Ip-t¼mÄ \in-¡m-Xn-cn-¡pt¶m AsÃ-¦n c­p N{I-§-
sf-sIm­v hÀ¯n-¡p¶ cYw \in-¡m-Xn-cn-¡pt¶m A{]-
Imcw Cub-P-am- \sâ B bÚw \in-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶p. {]Xn-
ãnXn sN¿p¶ bÚs¯ bP-am-\³ A\p-{h-Xn-ãnXn
sN¿p¶p B bP-am-\³ bmKw sNbvXv t{ijvT-\m-bn-¯o-
cp-¶p.
 232
I ]Xn-t\gmw JÞw
{]Pm-]-XnÀtÃm-Im-\-` y-X-] Xv; tXjmw
X]y-am-\m\mw ckm³ {]mhr-lXv; A
ánw ]rYn-hy, hmbp-a-´-co-£m, ZmZnXy Znhx
{]Pm- ]Xn temI-§sf A`n-X- ]n- ¸n- ¨p. X]n-¡- s¸- Sp¶ B
temI- §-fpsS ck-§sf FSp¯p ]rYn-hn-bn \n¶v Aán-
tbbpw A´-co-£-¯n \n¶v hmbp-hn-t\-bpw, tZymhnÂ
\n¶v BZn-Xy-t\bpw þþ
k GXm-kvXnt{km tZhXm A`y-X] - Xv;
Xm kmw X]y-am-\m\mw ckm³ {]m
hrlXv; Btá XrtNm-hm-tbmÀ¿-Pqw-jn,
kmam-\ ym-Zn-X ym-X v.
{]Pm-]Xn Cu aq¶p tZh-X-Isf A`n-X-]n-¸n-¨p. X]n-¡-
s¸-Sp¶ Ah-cpsS kmc-§sf D²-cn-¨p. Aán-bn \n¶v
E¡p-Isfbpw hmbp-hnÂ\n¶v bPq-Êp-I-sfbpw BZn-Xy-
\n \n¶v kma-§-sfbpw þþ
k GXmw {Xbnw hnZym-a-`y-X] - -Xv,
Xkym kvX]y-am-\mbm ckm-³ {]mhr-lX - v,
{`cnXy `rKvt`ym, `qh-cn-Xnb PqÀ`yx
kzcnXn kzcnXn kma`yx
{]Pm-]Xn Cu {Xbo-hn-Zysb A`n-X- ]n-¸n-¨p. X]n-¡-s¸-
Sp¶ AXnsâ ck-§sf D²-cn-¨p. E¡p-I-fn \n¶v `qx
F¶pw bPq-Êp-I-fn \n¶v `qh F¶pw kma-§-fn \n¶v
kzx F¶p {Kln-¨p. AXn-\m Ch temI-§-fp-tSbpw tZh-
·m-c p-tS-b pw, thZ-§ -fp-tSbpw cmk-§ -fmb alm-hym-
lrXnIfm- Ip-¶ p.
XZy Zrtàm cntjy-Zv, `qx kzmtlXn
KmÀl-]tXy Pqlp-bmXv; ENm-tah
X{Z-tk\ À¨mw hoÀt¿W À¨mw bÚky
hncnãw kwZ-[mXn
B bÚ- ¯n E¡p-IÄ \nan¯w bÚ- ¯n\p tISp
hcn-I-bm- sW-¦n `qx kzmlm F¶v KmÀly- ]- Xy-\n tlman-
¡-Ww. AXv E¡p-I-fpsS Xs¶ ckw-sIm-­pw, E¡p-I-
fpsS hocyw-sIm­pw E¡p-If - psS bÚ-¯nsâ £X-cq-
]-amb hntÑZw Iq«n-tNÀ¡p-¶p.
AY bZn bPq-tãm-cn-tjyZv `qhx kzm
tlXn Z£n-Wmáu Pqlp-bmXv; bPqjm
ta h X{Z-tk-\, bPqjmw hoÀt¿W
bPqjmw bÚky hncnãw kµ-[m-Xn.
bPqÊp- IÄ \nan¯w bÚw £Xw {]m]n-¡p- I- bm-sW-
¦n `qhxkzmlm F¶pÅ a{´- ¯m Z£n-W-B-án- bnÂ
tlman-¡-Ww. AXv bPq-Êp-If
- psS ckw-sIm-­pw, bPq-Êp-
N P
I-fpsS HmP-Êp-sIm-­pw, bPq-Êp-I-fpsS bÚ-¯nsâ K
£X-cq-]-amb hntÑZw Iq«n-t¨À¯p icn-bm-¡p-¶p.
AY bZn kmatXm cnjyXv kzx kzmtl
Xym lh-\otb Pqlp-bmXv; kmav\m
ta hX-{Z-tk-\, kmav\mw hoÀt¿W
kmav\mw bÚky hncnãw kµ-[m-Xn.
kma-§Ä \nan¯w bÚw £Xw {]m]n-¡p-Ib - m-sW-
¦n kzxkzmlm F¶v Bl-h-\o- b- \n tlman-¡-Ww. AXv
kma-§-epsS Xs¶ ckw-sIm-­pw, kma-§-fpsS hocyw-
sIm­pw kma-§sf kw_- Ôn¨ bÚ-¯nsâ £X-cq-]-
amb hntÑZw kÔm\w sN¿p-¶p.
XZyYm eh-tW\ kphÀ®w kµ-[ym-Xv,
kphÀt®\ cP-Xw, cP-tX\ {X]p{X
]p-Wm-ko-kw, kotk\ temlw, temtl
\ Zmcp, Zmcp NÀ½-Ww, Gh-tajmw
temIm \mamkmw tZhXm \ma-kymkv{X
¿m hnZymbm hoÀt¿W bÚky hncn
ãw kµ-[mXn, t`j-P-IrtXm l hm
Gj btÚm bss{Xhw hnZv {_
Òm `h-Xn.
AXv F§ns\ F¶m s]m³Imcw apX-em-b£ - mcw
sIm­v kzÀ®-t¯-bpw, kphÀ®-sIm­v shÅn-tb-bpw,
cPXw sIm­v XI-c-t¯-bpw, XI-cw-sIm­v Cub-t¯-bpw,
Cubw-sIm­v teml-t¯- bpw, temlw sIm­v XSn-tbbpw
XpIÂsIm­v XSn- tbbpw kÔm\w sN¿p-¶-sX- §n-t\tbm
A{]-Imcw Cu teml-§-fp-tSbpw Cu tZh-X-I-fp-tSbpw
Cu {Xbo-hn-Zy-bp-tSbpw hoÀ¿w-sIm­v bÚ-¯nsâ
£Xw kÔm\w sN¿p-¶p. GXp bÚ-¯n {_Òmhv
C{]- Im-c-a- dn-bp-¶-h³ Bbn-cn-¡p-¶pthm Cu bÚw t`j-
P-¯m kwkvI-cn-¡- s¸-«-Xm-bn-Xo-cp-¶p.
Gj l hm DZIv {]htWm btÚm
bss{Xhw hnZv {_Òm `hXn; Ghw
hnZw lhm Gjm {_lv-amW a\p-KmYm
btXm bX BhÀ¯tX XXv XZv
KÑXn; am\thm {_ssÒ-sshI
EXznIv Ipcp-Xizm f`nc-£Xn G
hw hn²ssh {_Òm bÚw bP
am\w kÀÆmw-ÝÀ°ntPm f`nc-£Xn
Xkvam-tZhw hnZ-tah {_ÒmWw
IpÀho-X, \mt\hw hnZw.
GXp bÚ-¯n {_Òmhv C{]-Im-c-a-dn-bp-¶-h-\m-bn-
cn-¡pt¶m B bÚw hS-t¡m«p Ncn-ª-Xm-Ip-¶p. C{]-
Im-c-a-dn-bp¶ {_Òm-hn-s\-¡p-dn¨v Cu A\p-Km-Y-{]-kn-²-am-
 233

I Ip¶p:þ FhnsS AhnsS sN¿p¶ Úm\-hm-\mb {_Òm-
hm-Ip¶ Htc EXznIv s]¬Ip-Xnc F¶-t]mse IÀ¯m-
¡sf A`n-c -£ n-¡p-¶ p. CX- dn-b p¶ {_Òmhv bÚ-
t¯bpw bP-am-\-t\bpw FÃm EXzn-¡p-I-tfbpw A`n-c-£n-
¡p¶p. AXn-\m C§s\ Adn-bp-¶-hs\ {_Òm-hm-¡-
Ww. C{]-Imcw Adn-bm-¯-hs\ {_Òm-hm-¡-cp-Xv.
A©m- a-²ymbw
H¶mw JÞw
kKpW {_Ò-hn-Zy-bpsS D¯-c-KXn CXp-hsc ]d-ªp.
]©m-án-hn-¯mb Krl-Ø-\pw, aäp-hn-Zy-Isf ioen-¡p¶
{i²m-ep-¡-fmb DuÀ²z-tc-X-Êp-IÄ¡pw, AtX KXn-sb-
¯s¶ A\p-h-Zn-¨p. tIhe [À½n-IÄ¡v Z£n-W-Zn-¡ns\
kw_-Ôn-¨-Xpw, [qam-Zn-e-£-W-hpw, ]p\-cm-hÀ¯n-cp-]h
amb thsd KXn-bpw, aq¶m-a- Xm-bn, sshcmKyw hcp-¶-Xn-¶m-
bn, hnZym-IÀ½- c-ln-X- ·mÀ¡v, AXn-s\-¡mÄ IjvS-X- c-amb
kwkm- c- KXn ]d-bm-\mbn Bcw-`n-¡p- ¶p. {]mWx t{imjvtTm
hmKm- Zn`yx {]mtWm hmh kw hÀ¤x XpS§n ]e-bn-S-§-fnepw
Ignª A²ym- b- §- fn {]mW-s\-¸än ]d- ªn-«p- ­v. FÃmw
Hcp- t]mse Hcp- an¨p tNÀ¶p {]hÀ¯n- ¨p- sIm- ­n- cn- ¡p- t¼mÄ,
B {]mW³ hm¡p apX-em-b-hb - psS Iq«-¯n t{ijvT-\m-
Ip-¶- sX- §ns\ F¶pw B {]mWs\ D]m-kn- t¡- ­Xv F§n-
s\-bm-W¶pw ImWn-¡p-¶-Xn- \,v B {]mWsâ t{ijvT-XzmZn
KpW-§sf hn[n-¡-W-sa¶v ImWn-¡p-¶.p
Hm, tbm l ssh tPyjvTw Nt{ijvTw
N thZ, tPyjvTÝ l ssh t{ijvTÝ
`hXn; {]mtWm-hmh tPyjvTÝ t{ijvTÝ.
tPyjvT-t\-bpw, t{ijvT-t\bpw Bcv Adn-bp-¶p-thm,
Ah³ tPyjvT-\m-bpw, t{ijvT-\mbpw `hn-¡p-¶p. tPyjvT-
\pw, t{ijvT\pw {]mW³ Xs¶-bm-Wv.
tbm l ssh hknãw thZ, hkn
jvtTm lkzm \mw `hXn hmKzmhhknjvTx
hkn-jvTs\, [\w DÅ-h-s\, Bcv Adn-bp-¶pthm
Ah³ ÚmXn-IÄ¡v hkn-¸n-¡p-¶-h-\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p.
hkn-jvT³ F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv hm¡p-X-s¶- bm-hp-¶p.
tbm l ssh {]XnjvTmw thZ, {]Xn l
XnjvT Xy kvanwÝ temtI fapjvanw Ý
N£pÀhmI {]XnjvTm
{]Xn-jvTtb Bcp Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Ah³ Cu temI-
¯nepw ]c-tem-I-¯nepw {]Xn-jvTn-X-\m-Ip-¶p. {]XnjvT
F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv N£p-Êp-X-s¶.
tbm l ssh k¼Zw thZ kwlmþ
kvssa Imamx ]Zyt´ ssZhmÝ
am\p-jmÝ; t{im{Xw hmh k¼-Zv.
N P
k¼-¯ns\ bmsXm- cp- ¯³ Adn- bp- ¶pthm Ah\v tZh K
kw_- Ôn-I-fpw, a\p-jy-kw-_-Ôn-I-fp-amb Ima-§Ä k¼-
¶-§-fm- Ipw. k¼- s¯¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv t{im{Xw Xs¶-bm- W.v
tbm l hm Bb-X\w thZm ffbX\w
l kzm \mw `hXn; at\m lhm Bb-X-\w.
Bb-X-\s¯ Bcp Adn-bp-¶pthm Ah³ ÚmXn
IÄ¡v B{i-b- am-bn-Xo- cp-¶p. Bb-X-\-sa- ¶Xv a\-Êm-Ip- ¶p.
AY l {]mW Alw t{ibkn hyqZntcf
lw t{ibm\ kvaylw t{ibm-\-kvaoXn
]ns¶ {]mW-§Ä Rm³ t{ijvT-\m-I p-¶p. Rm³
t{ijvT- \m-Ip¶p Alw t{ib-Êns\ kw_-Ôn¨p hg¡p
Iq«n.
- p- tXl {]mWmx {]Pm-]Xnw ]nXc
tatXymNpx:þ `K-h³ tIm \x t{i
jvTx CXn Xm³ tlmhmN:þ bkvan³
h DÂ{Imt´ icocw ]m]n-jvT-Xc
anh-Zr-tiyX k hx t{ijvTx CXn
B {]mW-§Ä ]nXm-hmb {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS ASp-¡Â
sN¶v tNmZn-¨p. `K-hm-t\, R§-fn t{ijvT³ BcmWv?
Ah- tcmSv {]Pm-]Xn ]d- ªp. \n§- fpsS Iq«- ¯n Bcv ico-
cw hn«p-t]m-hp-t¼mÄ icocw Gähpw ]m]n-jT v - sa-¶-t]mse
ImW-s¸-Sp-tam, Ah³ \n§-fn t{ijvT- \m-Ip-¶p.
kml hmKp-¨-{Ima; km kwh-Õcw
t{]mjy ]Àt¿tXym hmN:þ IY aiI
XÀt¯ aÖo-hnXp anXn. bYm Iem
Ah-Z´x {]mW´x {]mtW-\, ]iy
´Ý-£p-jm-ir-Wz´x t{imt{X-W,
[ymbt´m a\-sskh anXn. {]hnth
i l hmIv
B hmIv icocw hn«p-t]m-bn, B hm¡v Hcp kwh-Õ-c-
¡mew {]kn-¨n«v Xncn-¨p-h¶v aäp {]mW-§-tfmSpw tNmZn¨p:
Fs¶ IqSmsX Pohn-¡ p-¶-X n\v GXp {]Im-c -¯ nÂ
\n§Ä¡v Ign-ªp. aqI-·m-sc-t¸mse H¶pw ]d-bmsX
{]mW-s\-s¡m­p {]mWn-¨pw, N£p-Êp-sIm­v I­pw,
t{im{Xw sIm­p-tI-«pw, a\-Êp-sIm­v [ym\n-¨pw, C§s\
R§Ä Pohn-¨p. B {]mW-§Ä D¯cw ]d-ªp. hm¡v
kz hym]m-c-¯n {]th-in-¨p.
N£pÀtlm-¨-{Ima; XXv kwh-Õcw
t{]mjy ]Àt¿-tXym-hmN:þ IY-a-iI
XÀt¯ aÖo-hnXp anXn. bYm fÔm
A]iy´x {]mW´x {]mtW-\, hZ
t´m hmNm irWz´x t{imt{X-W,
 234
I [ymbt´m a\ sskhanXn {]hn-thi
lN£px
N£pÊv DÂ{Ian¨p AXv Hcp kwh-Õ-c-t¯¡v Xsâ
hym]mcw hn«v \n¶n«v aS-§n-h¶p tNmZn¨p: GXp-hn[w
F¶ IqSmsX Pohn-¡p-¶-Xn\v \n§Ä¡p Ignªp? AÔ-
·m-sc- t¸mse ImWmsX {]mW- s\- sIm­p {]mWn¨pw hm¡p-
sIm­p hZn¨pw t{im{Xw-sIm­p {ihn-¨pw, a\-Êp-sIm­p
[ym\n¨pw R§Ä Pohn-¨p. aäp {]mW- §Ä D¯cw ]d-ªp.
N£pÊv kzhym-]m-c-¯n {]hÀ¯n- ¨p.
t{im{Xw tlm¨-{Ima XXv kwh-Õcw
t{]mjy ]Àt¿-tXym-hmN:þ IYa iI
XÀt¯-a-Öo-hn-Xp-a-Xn. bYm _[ncm
Air-Wz´x {]mW´x {]mtW-\,
hZt´m hmNm, ]iy´ Ý£p-jm,
[ymbt´m a\-ssk-h-anXn {]hnth
i l t{im{Xw.
t{im{Xw DXv{I-an-¨p. AXv Hcp kwh-Õ-c-¡m-e-t¯¡p
Xsâ hym]m-c-¯n \n¶p ]n³amdn \n¶n«v aS-§n-h-¶p.
aäp {]mW-§-tfmSp tNmZn¨p: Fs¶ IqSmsX Pohn-¡p-¶-
Xn\v F§ns\ \n§Ä¡p Ignªp? _[n-c-·m-sc-t¸mse
tIÄ¡m- sX, {]mW-s\- s¡m­p {]mWn- ¨pw, hm¡p-sIm­p
hZn-¨pw, N£p-Êp-sIm­p ZÀin¨pw a\-Êp-sIm­p [ym
\n¨pw R§Ä Pohn-¨p. aäp {]mW-§Ä ]dªp: t{im{Xw
kzhym-]m-c-¯n {]hÀ¯n-¨p.
at\m tlm¨-{Ima; XXv kwh-Õcw
t{]mjy-]Àt¿tXym hmN:þIY a iI
XÀt¯ aÖo-hnXp anXn, bYm _me
A a\kx {]mW´x {]mtW-\, hZ
t´m hmNm, ]iy-´-Ý-£p-jm, irWz
´x t{imt{X-ssW-h-anXn {]hn-thi la\x
a\Êv DÂ{I-an-¨p. AXv Hcp kwh-Õ-c-¡m-e-t¯¡v
{]h-kn-¨n«v aS-§n-h¶p tNmZn-¨p. Fs¶-¡q-SmsX Pohn-¡p-
¶- Xn\v F{]- Imcw \n§Ä¡p Ignªp? _me- ·m- sc- t¸mse
a\-Ên\p Xtâ-S-an-Ãm-sX, {]mW-s\-s¡m­p {]mWn¨pw
hm¡p-sIm­p hZn¨pw N£p-Êp-sIm­v ZÀin¨pw t{im{Xw
sIm­v {ihn¨pw C§s\ R§Ä Pohn-¨p. aäpÅ {]mW-
§Ä ]dªp: a\Êv kzhym-]m-c-¯n {]hÀ¯n-¨p.
AY l {]mW D¨n-{I-an-j³, k bYm
kplbx ]Uzoi i¦q³ kwJntZ
tZh-an-X-cm³ {]mWm³ ka-Jn-ZXv
Xw lm`n-k-tatXym Npx:þ `K-h-t¶[n
Xzw \x t{ijvtTm fkn tam {Ian-cn-Xn.
N P
A\-´cw B {]mW³ DÂ{I-an-¡p-hm-\n-Ñn¨v GXp-{]- K
Im-c-amtWm \Ã IpXnc Xsâ Imep-IÄ sI«n-bn-«pÅ Ipän-
I-s f, Cf-¡n-¸n-gp-Xp-¶Xv A{]-Imcw aäp {]mW-§se
]ngpXp. B apJy- {]m- Wsâ ASp-¡Â sN¶v aäp-{]m-W-§Ä
]dªp: AÃtbm `K-hms\ R§-fpsS kzman-bm-bn-cn-¡q.
A§v R§-fn t{ijvT- \m-Ip-¶p. Cu ico-c-¯n \n¶v
hn«p-t]m-I-cp-Xv.
AY ssl\w hmKp-hmN:þ bZlw
hknjvtTm fkvan Xzw XZz-knjvtTmf
koXn AY-ssl\w N£p-cp-hmNxþ
bZlw {]XnjvTm fkvan, Xzw XXv {]Xn
jvTmko-X n.
AY ssl\w t{im{X-ap-hmN:þ
bZlw kw]-Z-kvanXzw XXv kw]
ZkoXn AY ssl\w a\ DhmNxþ
bZ-l-amb X\-a-kvXn, Xzw XZmb
X\- a-k o-Xn.
hm¡v Cu apJy-{]m-Wt- \mSv ]dªp: Rm³ hkn-jT v -
\m-Ip¶p F¶Xv GtXm B hkn-jT v ³ \obm-Ip-¶p. A\-
´cw N£pÊv apJy-{]m-W-t\mSv ]dªp:þ Rm³ {]Xn-jT v -
bm- Ip¶tXtXm B {]XnjvT \obm- Ip- ¶p. A\-´cw t{im{Xw
Cu apJy-{]m- W-t\mSv ]dªp: Rm³ GXp k¼-¯m-Ip-¶p-
thm, B k¼¯v \o BIp-¶p. a\Êv apJy-{]m-W-t\mSp
]dªp: Rm³ GXm-b-X-\-am-Ip-¶p-thm, B Bb-X\w
\obm-Ip-¶p.
\ ssh hmtNm, \N-£qw-jn, \t{im
{XmWn, \ a\mw þþ koXym N£tX; {]m
Wm CtXyhm N£tX; {]mtWm
tlyssh-Xm\n kÀhmWn `h-´n.
hm¡p-IÄ F¶p ]d-bp-¶nÃ; N£p-Êp-IÄ F¶p ]d-
bp-¶nÃ; t{im{X-§Ä F¶p ]d-bp-¶nÃ; a\-Êp-IÄ F¶p
]d- bp- ¶nÃ; {]mW-§Ä F¶p Xs¶ ]d- bp-¶p. Fs´- ¶mÂ
Cu hmKm-Zn-I-sfÃmw {]mW³ Xs¶- bm-Ip-¶p.
c­mw JÞw
ktlm-hmN Inwta f¶w `hn-jy-Xo-Xn-bXv
In©n-Zn-Zam iz`y B iIp-\n`y CXntlm
Npx, XZzm GX-Z\ kym¶, at\m-lssh
\ma {]Xy£w \ l hm Ghw hnZn
In©-\m-\¶w `h-XoXn
apJy-{]m- W³ tNmZn¨p: F\n¡v A¶w F´m- bn- cn¡pw?
izm¡Ä apXÂ iIp-\n-IÄ hsc Cu temI-¯p-Å-sX-Ãmw.
 235
I hmKm-Zn-IÄ D¯cw ]d-ªp. A§-s\-bpÅ CsXÃmw
{]mWsâ A¶-am-Ip-¶p. A\³ F¶p-ÅXv {]Xy-£-amb
\ma-am-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw Adn- bp- ¶-h- \n bmsXm¶pw A¶-
a-Ãm-¯-Xmbn `hn-¡-bn-Ã.
ktlm-hmN:- Inw ta hmtkm `hnjy
XoXn; B] CXn tlmNpx XkvamZzm
GX-Z-in-jy´x ]pc-kvXmt¨m ]cnjvTm
¨m±nx ]cn-Z-[-Xn-e-av`qtIm l
hmtkm `h-Xy-\tám `h-Xn.
{]mW³ ]nt¶bpw tNmZn¨p: F\n¡v hkv{Xw F´m-
bn-cn¡pw? A¸p-IÄ hmKmZnIÄ ]d-ªp. Ain-¡p-hm³
t]mIp-¶-hÀ t`mP-\-¯n\p ap³]n-epw, t`mP\w Ignªpw
A¸p-I-sfsIm­v apJy-{]m-Ws\ DSp-¸n-¡p-¶p. C§s\
sN¿p-¶Xv A¸p-IÄ {]mWsâ hkv{X- am-b-Xp-sIm-­m-W.v
a\-Êns\ e`n-¡p-¶-h-\m-bn `hn-¡pw. D¯-co-b-ap-Å-h-\m-
bn-¯ o-cpw.
Xss²-XXv kXy-Imtam Pm_mtem
tKm{ip-Xtb sshbm {] ]Zymtbm
tàzmhmN:þ bZyt]y XNv NvXp-jvImb
ØmWth {_pbm-Öm-tb-ct¶ hmkvan
RvimJmx, {]mtcm-tlbpx ]emim\oXn.
C§-s\-bpÅ Cu {]mW-ZÀi-\s¯ Pm_m-eb - psS
]p{X-\mb kXy-Im-a³ hym{L-]-¯nsâ ]p{X-\mb tKm{ip-
Xn¡v ]dªp sImSp- ¯n«v ]d- ªp. CXns\ ipjvI-amb Ipän-
¡p-t]mepw ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¡p-Ib
- m-sW-¦nÀ, Cu ØmWp-
hn imJ-IÄ D­m-hpw. Ce-IÄ apf-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw.
AY bZn alÖn Kan-tj, Zam-hmkym
bmw Zo£nXzm ]uÀ®amkymw cm
{Xu kÀhu j[ky aÙw Z[n-a-[pt\m
cp]-a-Yy, tPyjvTmb t{ijvTmb kzm
tlXy ámhm-Pyky lpXzm atÙ
kw]m-X -a-h-\ -tb-Xv.
A\-´cw al-Xzs¯ Kan-¡p-hm³ CÑn-¡p-I-bm-sW-
¦n Idp-¯-hm-hp-¶mÄ Zo£n-¨n«v shfp-¯-hm-hp-¶mÄ
cm{Xn-bn FÃm Huj-[¯- n-tâbpw ]nãs¯ ssXcpw
tX\pw Iq«n-b-Xn Ie-¡n-bn«v Aán-bn tPyjvTmb
t{ijvTmb kzmlw F¶v BPys¯ tlman- ¨n«v kw]m- Zs¯
aÙ¯n hogv¯-Ww.
hkn-ãmb kzmtl-Xyám hmPyky lpXzm
atÙ kw]mX ah-\-tbXv; {]Xn-jvTmssb
kzmtl-Xyám hmPyky lpXz atÙ
kav]m-X-a-h-\-tb-Xv, k¼tZ kzmtlXy
ám hmPyky lpXzm atÙ k¼mX
N P
ah \tbXv; Bb-X-\mb kztl-Xyám K
hmPyky lpXzm atÙ k¼m-X-a-h-\-tb-Xv.
hknjvTmb kzmlw F¶v Aán- bn BPys¯ tlman-
¨n«v kav]m-Xs¯ aÙ-¯n hogv¯-Ww. {]Xn-jT
v mssb
kzmlm F¶v Aán-bn BPys¯ tlman-¨n«v kav]m-
Zs¯ aÙ- ¯n hogv¯- Ww. k¼mtZ kzmlm F¶v Aán-
bn BPys¯ tlman- ¨n«v k¼m-Zs¯ aÙ- ¯n hogv¯-
Ww. Bb-X-\mb kzmlm F¶v Aán-bn BPys¯
tlman-¨n«v k¼m-Zs¯ aÙ-¯n hogv¯-Ww.
AY {]Xn-kr-]ym-RvPeu aÙ-am-Zmb
P]Xn:-þ Atam-\m-amkn; AamÀln
tX kÀh-anZw; kln tPyjvTx t{i
jvtTm cmP / [n]Xnx, kam-ssPy-jvTyw
ss{ijvTyw cmPy-am-[n-]Xyw Ka-bXp; A
ltath XXv kÀh-a-km-\n.
A\-´cw Aev]w AIse amdn sXmgp-s sI-b nÂ
aÙs¯ FSp¯p Xmtg-]d- b - p¶ a{´w P]n-¡Ww:þ \o
Aa³ F¶p t]cp-Åh - \
- m-Ip-¶p. Fs´-¶m Cu PK-
s¯Ãmw \nsâ IqsS-bm-Ip-¶p. {]mW-`5#q-X-amb aÙw
tPyjvT\pw t{ijvT-\pw, Zo]vXn-am-\pw, A[n-jT
v nXn sNbvXp
]men-¡p-¶-h\pw BIp-¶p. B aÙw Fsâ tPjvT-Xz-
t¯bpw t{ijvT-X- tbbpw cmPy-t¯bpw B[n-]-Xy- t¯bpw
{]m]n-¡pw. Rm³ Xs¶ Cu PK-s¯- Ãm-ambn Xocpw.
AY Jtez XbÀ¨m ]Ñ BNm
aXn XXv khn-XpÀhrWn al CXym
Nm aXn; hbw tZhky t`mP-\-anXym
NmaXn; t{ijvTw kÀh-[m-Xa
- -anXym
NmaXn; Xpcw `Kky [oa-loXn kÀhw
]n_Xn, \nÀWnPy Iwkw Nakw
hm ]Ým-Ztáx kwhn-iXn NÀ½Wn
hØ-Þnte hm hm Nw bax A{]
kmlx kb-Zn-{knbw ]tiyXv kar
²w IÀt½Xn hnZym-Xv.
A\- ´cw Xmtg ]d- bp¶ E¡p-sIm­v Htcm ]mZw hoX-
ambn BN-an-¡-Ww. XXv khn-XpÀhr-Wo-atl F¶v BN-
an-¡Ww hbw tZhky t`mP\w F¶v BN-an-¡-Ww.
t{ijvTw kÀh-[m-Xaw F¶v BN-an-¡Ww Xpcw-`-Kky
[oaln F¶v apgp-h\pw ]m\w sN¿-Ww.
BN-a-\-¯n-\pÅ E¡nsâ kzcq]w:þ
XÕhn XpÀhr-Wo-atl hbw tZhky
t`mP\w t{ijvTw kÀh[m Xaw Xpcw
`Kky [oalo F¶m-Wv.
 236
I R§Ä khn-Xm-hmb tZhsâ FÃm A¶- §- tf-¡mfpw
t{ijvThpw FÃm PK-¯n-t\bpw Gähpw [mcWw sN¿p-
¶p-Xw, FÃm P\-¯n-t\bpw AXn-i-tb\ hn[m\w sN¿p-
¶-Xp- amb B t`mP- \s¯ hcn- ¡p-¶p. khn- Xm-hmb tZhsâ
kzcq-]s¯ thK-¯n R§Ä [ym\n-¡p-I-bm-W.v Iwk-
t¯tbm Na-k-t¯tbm Igp-In-bn«p Aán-bpsS ]Sn-ªm-
dp-hiw XpI-entem shdpw Xd-bntem hmNw ba-\m-bn«p Dd-
§-Ww. Ah³ A\n-ã-kz-]\ v -ZÀi\w sIm­pw Cf-ImsX
a\-Êp-d-¸n¨p kv{Xotb ImWp-I-bm-W-¦n (kz-]\ v -¯nÂ)
IÀ½w kar-²-am-W¶v Adn-ªp-sIm-Å-Ww.
XtZj tÇmIxþþ bZm IÀ½kp Imtay
jpkv{Xnbw kz]vt\jp ]iy-Xn, kar
²nw X{X Pm\n-bmXv Xkvan³ kz]v\
\nZÀit\ Xkvan³ kz]v\-\n-ZÀit\
B AÀ°-¯n Xmsg-¸-d-bp¶ tÇmI-ap-­v. Ft¸mÄ
Imay- §-fmb IÀ½§-fn kz]v\w ImWp-t¼mÄ kv{Xotb
ImWp-¶pthm A§n- s\-bpÅ ]£w AhnsS IÀ½- §- fpsS
^e-{]m-]Xv n-bp-s­¶p Adn-b-Ww.
aq¶mw JÞw
tizX-tI-XpÀlmfcptWbx ]©m-em\mw
kanXo tabmb Xw l {]hm-ltWm
ssPh-en-cp-hmNxþþ Ipam-cm-\pXzm injXv
]ntXXn A\p ln `Kh CXn.
Bcp-Wn-bpsS ]p{X-\mb tizX tIXp ]©m-e-§Ä
F¶p ]d- bp¶ P\- ]- Z-§-fpsS kan-Xn-bn sN¶p. BtizX
tIXp-hn-t\mSv Poh-esâ ]p{X- \mb {]hm-l-W³ ]dªp
AÃtbm Ipam-cm, ]nXmhv \ns¶ A\p-im-kn-¨n-«p-­v. tizX-
tIXp D¯cw ]d-ªp.
th° bZntXm f[n {]Pmx {]b-´oXn
\ `Kh CXn. th° bYm ]p\cm
hÀ¯´ CXn. \ `Kh CXn. th°
]tYmÀt±-h-bm-\ky ]nXr-bm-Wkyp N
hymhÀ¯-\-an-Xn. \ `Kh CXn.
{]P-IÄ Cu temI-¯n \n¶v apI-fn Ft§m«p Kan-
¡p-¶p-thm, AXp \n\¡v Adn-bmtam? {]hm-l-W³ tNmZn-
¨p. Adn-ªp-IqSm `K-hmt\ tizX-tIXp adp-]Sn ]d-ªp.
F{]-Imcw Xncn-¨p-t]m-cp¶p F¶p \n\¡v Adn-bmtam?
F¶p {]hm-l-W³ tNmZn- ¨p. AÃtbm `K-hm-t\, Adn-ªp-
IqSm F¶v tizX-tIXp D¯cw ]d-ªp. tZh-bm-\-¯n- tâ-
bpw, ]nXr-bm-\¯
- n-tâbpw hgn-I-fpsS ]c-kv]c hntbm-K-
Øm-\s¯ \n\¡v Adn-bmtam? F¶p ho­pw tNmZn-¨p.
Adn-ªp-IqSm `K-hmt\ F¶p D¯cw ]d-ªp.
N P
th° bYm fkutemtIm \ kw]qÀ¿X K
CXn; \ `Kh CXn. th° bYm ]
©aym-am-lq-Xm-hm]x ]pcp-j-h-Ntkm
`h-´oXn. ss\ `Kh CXn.
]c-temIw F´p-Im-c-W¯ - m \nd-bmsX Ccn-¡p-¶-
sX¶v \n\¡v Adn- bmtam? F¶v {]hm- l-W³ tNmZn-¨p. Adn-
ªp-IqSm `K-hmt\ F¶p-¯-chpw ]d-ªp. GXp-{]-Imcw
A©m-as¯ Blp-Xn-bnÂ, B lpXn km[-\- §-fmb A¸p-
IÄ ]pcp-j³ F¶pÅ hN-tÊmSp IqSn-b-h\ - mbn `hn-¡p-
¶-sX¶v \n\-¡-dn-bmtam? {]hm-l-W³ tNmZn-¨p. `K-hms\
Xosc Adn-ªp-IqSm tizX-tIXp ]dªp.
AY\p Ina\p intãm fthm NYx tbm
loam\n \ hnZymXv IYw tkm f\p
intãm {_qhnX? CXn. klmff
bkvXx ]nXp-cÀ²-ta-bmb Xw tlmhm-Nþ
A\-\p-injy hmham `K-hm\ {_ho-Z\p
Xzm finjy-anXn
A\p- im-kn- ¡-s¸-«n-«p-s­¶v \o ]d-ª-sX-´mWv? Bcv
Cu tNmZn¨ kwK-Xn-Isf Adn-bp-I-bn-Ãtbm Ah³ A\p-
im- kn-¡-s¸- «-hs\¶v F§ns\ ]dbpw? F¶p {]hm-l-W³
tNmZn-¨p. tizX-tIXp hfsc hnj-an¨v ]nXm-hnsâ Øm\-
¯n BK-an-¨p. ]nXm-hn-t\mSv ]d-ªp. A\p-im- kn-¡msX
Xs¶ `K- hm³ Rm³ A\p- im-kn¨p Ign-ªn- cn- ¡p-¶p F¶v
Ft¶mSv ]d- ªp.
]©am cmPkr _Ôpx f{]iv\m\
{]m£o-Xv, tXjmw ss\Iw N\m-iIw
hnh-àp-anXn; k tlmhmN:þ bYm
am Xzw XssZ-Xm-\h tZm bYm fl
tatXjmw ss\Iw N\-thZ; bZy
lan-am\ t]Zn-jyw, IYw tX \mh£yanXn.
£{X-_Ôp Ft¶mSv A©p tNmZy-§Ä tNmZn-¨p. B
tNmZy-§-fn H¶p-t]mepw hnti-jn¨p \nÀ®-bn-¡p-¶-Xn\v
Rm³ ià-\m-bn-Ã. ]nXmhv ]d-ªp. \o h¶ DSs\
Ft¶mSv Cu {]iv\-§-sf-¸än F§ns\ ]d-ªpthm AXp-
t]mse Xs¶ Adn-ªp-sIm-Åq. Rm³ Cu {]iv\-§-fnÂ
H¶n-t\bpw Adn-bp-¶n-Ã. Rm³ Chsb Adn-ªn-cp¶p
F¦n \n\¡v ]d-ªp-X-cm-Xn-cn-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶pthm?
k l KuXtam cmtÚm fÀ²ta-bmb;
Xkvssa l {]m]vXm bmÀlmw NImc;
k l {]mXx k`mK DtZ-bmb; Xw
tlmhmN:þ am\p-jky `K-h³ KuXa
hn¯ky hcw hrWnYm CXn. ktlmhm
N:þ Xsshh cmP³! am\pjw hn¯w
 237

I bmtah Ipamc kymt´ hmNa ` Wv. Ah¡p kam-[m-\hpw ]d-bp-¶p. A]qÀÆ-cq-]-§-fmb K

jYm, kvXmta hta {_qloXn kl BMq-Xn-IÄ DÂ{I-an-¡p¶ bP-am-\s - \, ]cn-th-jvT\w
IrOvdo _`q-h. sNbvXv DÂ{I-an-¡p-¶p. bP-am-\³ [qam-Zn-bn IqSn A´-
co-£-¯n {]th-in- ¡p-t¼mÄ Ahs\ B{i-bn-¨n-cn-¡p¶
B KuX-a³, cmPm-hnsâ ASp¯p sN¶p. Xsâ Blq-Xn-Ifpw A´-co-£-¯n {]th-in-¡p-¶p. AhnsS
ASp¡Â h¶ B KuX-as\ ]qPn-¨p. KuX-a³ cmhnse ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ bP-am-\-\v, kpJ-I-c-ambn Chbpw AhnsS
cmP-k-`b- n h¶-t¸mÄ At±-l-¯nsâ ASp-¡Â Ib-dn- ØnXn-sN-bvXp-sIm­v A´-co-£s¯ Bl-h\ - o-b-s\-
s¨¶p KuX-a-t\mSv cmPmhv ]d-ªp. AÃtbm ]qPy-\mb t¸mse B¡p- ¶p. Blq-Xn¡v A[n-I-c-W-am-bn- «p- ÅXv Bl-
KuX-am, a\p-jy-kw-_-Ôn-bmb hn¯s¯ kw_-Ôn¨v h-\o-b-\m-Ip-¶p. AXv hmbp-hns\ kan-¯p-t]mse B¡p-
At§¡v Cã-ap-ÅXp A§p hcn-¨p-sIm-Åp. KuX-a³ ]d- ¶p. hmbp-hn-s\-sIm­v A´-co£w Zo]n-¡p-¶p. aco-Nn-I-
ªp. AÃtbm cmPm-th, am\p-j-amb hn¯w At§¡p
sf-¯s¶ ip²-amb Blp-Xn-bm-Ip¶ civan- IÄ, A´-co-
Xs¶ Ccn- ¡- s«. Fsâ Ipam- csâ ASp- ¡Â GXp hm¡ns\
£- ¯n hym]vX-§-fm- WtÃm? A§ns\ A´-co-£- ¯nÂ
A§p ]d- ªp- thm, AXv F\n- ¡p ]dªp Xcq. B cmPmhv
ØnXn-sN-bvXp-sIm-­v, AhnsS ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ bP-am-\-
ZpxJap-Å-h-\mbn `hn-¨p.
s\, ^tem-·p-J-\m- ¡n- ¯oÀ¡p-¶p. ]ns¶ bP- am-\³, A´-
Xw l Nncw htk-Xym-Úm-]bmw NImc; co-£-¯n \n¶v, IqsS IqsS DÂ{I-an-¡p-t¼mÄ Ahbpw
Xw tlmhmN; bYm-amXzw KuX-amh IqsS DÂ{I-an-¡p-¶p. bP-am-\³ Zyptem-I-¯n {]th-in-
tZm btY bw \ {]mIv Xz¯x ]pcm ¡p-t¼mÄ Ah Zyptem-I-¯n {]th-in-¡p-¶p. AhnsS
{]th-in¨v BZyp-tem- I-s¯- ¯s¶ Bl-h-\o-b-\m-¡n, BZn-
hnZym {_Ò-Wm³ KÑXn XkvamZp kÀth
Xys\ kan-¯m¡n XoÀ¡p-¶p. ap³]v A´-co-£-¯nÂ
jp temtIjp £{X sskyh {]im-k\ ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ bP-am-\s\ XÀ¸Ww sN¿p¶p F¶p ]d-
a`q-ZnXn Xkvssa tlmhmN ª-Xp-t]m-se, B Blq-Xn-IÄ Zyptem-I-¯n ØnXn-sN-
Ah-t\mSv hfsc \mÄ Ahn- sS- ¯s¶ Xma- kn-¡q F¶v ¿p¶ bP-am-\t- \bpw ^e-Zm\w sIm­v kpJn-¸n-¡p-¶p.
cmPmhv BÚm-]n-¨p. B KuX-a-t\mSv cmPmhp ]d-ªp. A\-´cw B Blq-Xn-IÄ £bn¨p XpS-§p-Ibpw bP-am-
AÃtbm KuX-am, A§v Ft¶mSv GXp {]Im-c-¯n ]d- \³ Zyptem-I-¯n \n¶v ]rYn-hn-bn {]th-in-¡bpw
ªpthm AXp ]d-bm-\p-­v. F{]-Imcw Cu hnZy, \n\¡p sN¿p-t¼mÄ Ahbpw A¸p-I-fm-bn-¯oÀ¶p. IqsS Xncn¨p
ap³]v, {_mÒ-Wsc Kan-¨n-«n-Ã-tbm, A{]-Imcw temI-¯n t]mcp-¶p. ]ns¶ Ah ]rYn-hn-bn {]th-in¨v X§-fpsS
{]kn-²-am-Ip-¶p. AXp-sIm­v ]­v FÃm temI-§-fnepw B{i- bs¯ {hoXn apX- em-b- h- tbmSp tNÀ¯v B{ib Zzmtc-
£{Xnb PmXn¡p am{Xsa injy-·msc Cu hnZy-sIm-­v, W, tcX-Êns\ \ntj-N\w sN¿p¶ ]pcp-j-\n {]th-in-
A\p-im-kn-¡pI F¶p-ÅXv D­m-bn-cp-¶pÅp F¶p ]d- ¡p-¶p. B ]pcp-j-\n \n¶v kv{Xobn {]th-in-¨,v KÀ`-
ªn«v KuX-a\v hnZysb D]-tZ-in-¨p-sIm-Sp-¯p. am-bn-¯oÀ¶v X§-fpsS B{i-b-s¯, IÀ½m-\p-jT v m- \p-tbm-
Ky-amb temI-¯n- se-¡p-b-cp-¶-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. C§-s\-
sbÃmw P\-I³, ta¸- dª tNmZy-§Ä¡p-¯cw ]dªp.
\memw JÞw F¶m AXn Aán tNm{Xm-lq-Xn-I-fpsS IÀ¿m-cw`w
A©m-as¯ Blp-Xn-bn A¸p-IÄ¡p ]pcp-j³ am{Xw C¶-hn-[-¯n- ep-­m-Ip¶p Ft¶ ]d-R-A-Rn-«p-Åp.
F¶ t]cp ]d-bm-hp-¶-sX-§s\ F¶pÅ tNmZy¯n\v CXn-em-Is« Aán-tlm-{Xm-lq-Xn-I-fpsS ]cn-Wm-a-cq-]-amb
BZy-ambn kam-[m\w ]d-bp-¶p. AXn\p kam-[m\w ]d- ImÀ¿m-cw-`s¯ A©mbn hn`-Pn¨v D¯-c-amÀ¤-{]m-]vXn¡v
ªp-I- gn-ªm ]ns¶ aä-tNm-Zy-§Ä¡v kam-[m\w ]d-bp- km[-\-am-bn, Aán-I-sf¶ \ne-bn Ah-bpsS D]m-k\
¶-Xn\v Ffp-¸-am-Ip-¶p. hn[n-¡phm\nÝn-¨p-sIm­p ]d-bp-¶p.

hmP-k- t\-b-I-¯n Aán tlm{X- lq-Xn-IÄ Ah-bpsS Aku hmh temtIm KuX-am-ánþ
^es¯ Bcw-`n-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-¸än bmÚ-h¡y³, P\-I- kvXky ffZnXy Gh kan-Zv, civatbm
t\mSv tNmZn-¡p-¶-h-bmbn Bdp tNmZy-§Ä D­v. Ah þþ [qam flc¨n Ý{µam A§vác - m,
cmhn-sebpw sshIn«pw tlman-¡-s¸-Sp-¶, Aán tlm{X-lq-
\£{XmWn hnkv^p-en§vKmx
Xn-IÄ Cu temI-¯nÂ\n¶v DÂ{I-an- ¡p-¶Xv DÂ{I-an-¨-
Xnsâ tijw Ah, X§-fpsS B{i-b\v Xr]vXnsb k¼m- AÃ-tbm, KuX-am, At§ temIw Xs¶ Aán-bm-Ip-
Zn-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡p-¶-Xv, Xr]vXnsb k¼m-Zn¨p sImSp-¯p-sIm- ¶p. Zyp temI-sa¶p ]d-bp¶ Aán¡v BZn-Xy³ Xs¶
­n-cp-¶n«v Ah Cu temI-¯n-te¡v Xncn- ¨p- t]m-cp-¶- Xv, A\- kan-¯m-Ip-¶p. civan-IÄ [qa-am-Ip-¶p. ]IÂ Pzme-bm-Ip-
´cw Ahbv¡v B{i-b-amb ]pcp-j³ ]c-tem-I-¯n-te¡v ¶p. N{µ-aÊv AMvKm-c-§-fm-Ip-¶p. \£-{X- §Ä Xos¸m-cn-
D°m-\-io-e-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶-Xv, Ch-sb-Ãm-sa-§ns\? F¶-Xm- I-fm-Ip-¶p.

N P
 238
I Xkvant¶ Xkvan-¶áu tZhx {i²mwPq
lzXn, Xkym BlqtXx tkmam
cmP kw`-h-Xn.
A§n-s\-bpÅ Cu Aán-bn Aáym-Zn-IÄ {i²-
sb¶p ]d-bs - ¸-Sp¶ A¸p-Isf tlman-¡p-¶p. B Blp-
Xn-I-bn \n¶v tkma-\m-Ip¶ cmPmhv D­m-Ip-¶p.
A©mw JÞw
(c-­m-as¯ tlmas¯ kw_-Ôn¨ c­m-as¯ ]cym-
b-¯nsâ AÀ°s¯ Adn-bp-¶-Xn-\mbn B ]cymbw FSp-
¡p-¶p.)
]ÀPt\ym hmh KuX-amán kvXky
hmbp-tch kan-Zv, A{`w [qtam, hn
ZypZˬn, ci\n cwKm-cm, {lm Z\tbm
hnkv^p-enwKmx
AÃtbm KuX-am, hrjvTn-tZ-h-X- Xs¶ Aán-bm-Ip-¶p.
B ]À-P-\-\ym-Ip¶ Aán¡v hnd-I,v hmbp Xs¶- bm-Ip¶p.
taLw [qaa-am-Ip-¶p. hnZyp¯v AÀ¨n-Êm-Ip-¶p. CSn¯o
I\-epIfm-Ip-¶p. KÀÖn-X-i-_vZ-§Ä Xos¸m-cn-I-fm-Ip-¶p.
Xkvant¶ Xkvan-¶áu tZhx tkmaw
cmPm\w PqlzX Xkym Blq-tXh
Àjw kw`-h-Xn.
A§n-s\-bpÅ Cu ]ÀPy\y-\m-Ip¶ Aán-bn tZh-
·mÀ tkma-\m- Ip¶ cmPm-hns\ tlman-¡p-¶p. B Blq-Xn-
Xn-bn \n¶v ag-bp-­m-Ip-¶p.
Bdmw JÞw
]rYho hmh KuX-amán þþ kvXkymx
kwh-Õc Gh k an þþ Zm Imtim
[qtam, cm{Xn-cˬn, ˱ntimw Kmcm,
Ahm-´c Zntim hnkv^p-enwKmx
AÃtbm KuX-am, ]rYn-hn-Xs¶ Aán-bm-Ip-¶p. B
]rYnhn F¶p ]d-bp¶ Aán¡v kan¯v kwh-Õ-c-am-Ip-
¶p. BImiw [qa-am-Ip-¶p. cm{Xn AÀ¨n-Êm-Ip-¶p. Zn¡p-
IÄ AwKmc-§-fm-Ip-¶p. -CSZn-¡p-IÄ Xos¸m-cn-I-fm-Ip-¶p.
Xkvant¶ Xkvan¶ áu tZhm hÀjw
Pqlz-Xn, Xkym Blq-tX-c¶w kw`-hXn
A§n-s\-bpÅ Cu {]Yn-hn-bm-Ip¶ Aán-bnÂ, tZh-
·mÀ hÀjs¯ tlman-¡p-¶p. B Blq-Xn-bn A¶w
D­m-Ip-¶p.
N P
Ggmw JÞw K
]pcptjm hmh KuX-am-án, kvXky hmtK
h kan-Xv, {]mtWm [qtam, Pnlzmf
À¨nÝ-£p-c§v Kmcmx t{im{Xw hn
kv ]pen§vKmx
AÃtbm KuX- am, ]pcp-j³ Aán-bm-Ip-¶p. B ]pcp-
j-\m-Ip¶ Aán¡v kan¯v hm¡m-Ip-¶p. {]mW³ [qa-am-
Ip-¶p. Pnlz AÀ¨nÊm-Ip-¶p. N£pÊv A§vKmc-§-fm-Ip-
¶p. t{im{Xw Xos¸m-cn-I-fm-Ip-¶p.
Xkvant¶ Xkvan¶ áu tZhm A¶w
PqlzXn Xkym B lqtX-tcXx kw`h-Xn
A§n-s\-bpÅ Cu ]pcp-j-\m-Ip¶ Aánbn tZh-
·mÀ {holn apX- em-bh sIm­p-­m- ¡-s¸- Sp¶ A¶w tlman-
¡p-¶p. B Blq-Xn-bn \n¶v tcXkv D­m-Ip-¶p.
F«mw JÞw
tbmjm hmh KuX-am-án, kvXkym D]
Ø Gh kan, ZypZp-]-a-{´-btX k
[qtam, tbm\n-c-¨n, À¿Z´x ItcmXn
tX f§v Kmcm.
AÃtbm KuX-am, kv{Xo Aán-bm-Ip-¶p. Btbm-jm-
án¡v kan¯v D]-Ø-am-Ip-¶p. ]Xps¡ hÀ¯-am\w ]d-
bp-¶Xv [qa-am-Ip-¶p. tbm\n AÀ¨n-Êm-Ip-¶p. AI-¯m-¡p-
¶Xv A§vKm-c-§-fm-Ip-¶p. sNdnb kpJ-§Ä Xos¸m-cn-I-
fm-Ip-¶p.
Xkvan-t¶X kvan¶áu tZhm tctXm
Pqlz-Xn, Xkym, Blp-tXÀ KÀ`x kw`-h-Xn.
A§n-s\-bpÅ Cu tbmjm-án-bn tZh-·mÀ tcX-
Êns\ tlman-¡p-¶p. B Blq-Xn-bn \n¶v KÀ`w D­m-
Ip-¶p.
H³]Xmw JÞw
CXn Xp ]©aym amlp Xm hmhx ]pcp
jh-Ntkm `h-´oXn k Dev_mhr
tXm KÀt`m Zihm \h hm amkm-\´x
ibnXzm bmhZzm fY Pmb-tX.
C§s\ A©m- as¯ Blq- Xn-bn A¸p-IÄ ]pcp-j³
F¶p t]cp-Å-h-bm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. B KÀ`w, Pcmbp F¶p
]d-bp¶ KÀ`-th-j vT -\ -¯ m Bhr-X -am-bn-«v, ]t¯m
H³]tXm amk-¡mew AÃ-¦n AXn-eev]w IqSntbm
Ipdtªm DÅ Imew DÅn InS-¶n«v P\n-¡p-¶p.
 239
I kPmtbm bmhZm bpjw Poh-Xn, Xw
t{]Xw Znã-antXm fá b Gh,
lc-´n-bX Gt] tXm bXx kw
`qtXm `h-Xn.
B P\n-¨h- ³ Bbp-Êp-Ån-S-t¯mfw Imew Pohn-¡p-
¶p. ]tc-X-\mb Ahs\ ]c-tem-Is¯ Dt±-in¨v Cu {Kma-
¯n \n¶v Ah³ GXv Aán-bn \n¶p h¶p-thm,
Ah³ GXv Aán-bnÂ\n¶p­m-bn-cn- ¡p-¶p-thm, B Aán-
bn-te-¡p-Xs¶ sIm­p-t]m-hp-¶p.
]¯mw JÞw
XZy C°w hnZpx, tb tNta fctWy
{i²m X] CXyp-]m-k-tX, tXfÀ¨nj
a`n kw`-h´n; AÀ¨ntjm flcÓ
B]qÀ¿-amW ]£ þþ am ]qÀ¿-am-W-]£m
Zym³ jU Zt§Xn amkmw kvXm³
]c-tem-I-¯n-te¡p D[zm\w sN¿p¶ A[n-Ir-X-cmb
Krl-Ø-·m-cn bmsXm-cp-¯³ C§ns\ Adn-bp-¶p-thm,
bmsXm- cp- ¯³ Ac-Wy-¯n {i² X]Êv XpS-§n-bh D]m-
kn-¡p-¶p-thm, AhÀ AÀ¨n-c`- n-am-\n-\n-bmb tZh-Xsb
{]m]n-¡p-¶p. AÀ¨n-Ên \n¶v Al-c-`n-am-\n-\n-bmb tZh-
X- tbbpw Al-Ên \n¶v, ip¢-]-£m-`n-am-\n-\n-bmb tZh-
X-tb-bpw, A]q-cy-am-bW ]£-¯nÂ\n¶v kqcy³ hS-
t¡m«p t]mhp-¶p-thm, B amk-§-fmb D¯-cm-bW tZh-
X-tb-bpw, D¯-cm-bW tZh-X-bn \n¶v kwh-Õ-cm-`n-am-
\n-bmb tZh-X-tb-bpw, kwh-Õ-c-¯n \n¶v BZn-Xy-
t\bpw BZn-Xy-\n \n¶v N{µ- t\-bpw, N{µ-\nÂ\n¶v hnZyp-
¯n- t\bpw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. AhnsS Aam-\-h-\mb ]pcp-j³
{_Ò-tem-I-¯nÂ\n¶v hcp-¶p. B ]pcp-j³ {_Òs¯
{]m]n-¡p-¶p. CXv tZh-bm-\-sa¶p ]d-bp¶ amÀ¤-am-hp-¶p.
AY b Cta-{Kma Cãm ]qÀ¯ Z¯
anXyp-]m-kt- X, tX [pa a`n kw`-h´n;
[qam-{Zm{Xnw cmt{X c]-c]
- -£, a]c
]£m-Zym³ jUvZ-£n-ssW-Xnamw
kmw kvXm³, ss\tX kwh-Õ-c-a`n
{]m]v\ p-h- ´n.
{Kma-¯nÂ, Cãhpw ]qÀ¯-hp-amb Zm\w XmXv]-cy-
t¯m-Sp-IqSn sN¿p-¶Xv BcmtWm AhÀ [qam-`n-am-\n-bmb
tZh- Xsb {]]n-¡p-¶p. [qa-¯nÂ\n¶v cm{Xym- `n- am-\n-\n-bmb
tZh-X-tb-bpw, cm{Xn-bn \n¶v IrjvW-]-£m-`n-am-\n-bmb
tZh-X-tb-bpw, A]-c-]-£- ¯nÂ\n¶v kqcy³ Z£n-W-Zn-¡n-
\-amb ioe-t¯mSp IqSn-b-h-cm-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv AhÀ tim`-\-
te¡p t]mIp¶ Bdp-am- k- ¯nsâ A`n-am\n tZh- X- I- tfbpw
amb tbm\nsb AXm-bXv {_Ò-W-tbm-\n-tbtbm £{Xn-b-
{]m]n-¡p-¶p. ChÀ kwh-Õ-cm-`n-am-\n-\n-bmb tZh-Xsb
tbm-\n-tbtbm sshiy-tbm-\n-tbtbm thKw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
{]m]n-¡p-¶n-Ã.
N P
amtk`yx ]nXr-temIw ]nXr-temIm K
ZmIm-i, amIm-im-¨-{µ-akw; Gj
tkmtam cmPX tZhm-\m-a-¶w, Xw,
tZhm `£-b-Xn.
amk-§-fn \n¶p ]nXr-tem-I-t¯-bpw, ]nXr-tem-I-
¯n \n¶v BIm-i-t¯-bpw, BIm-i-¯n \n¶v N{µ-a-
Ên-t\-bpw, {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Cu N{µ-aÊv {_mÒ-W-cpsS cmPm-
hmb tkma-\m-Ip-¶p. tZh-·m-cpsS A¶w AXm-Ip-¶p. B
A¶- amb N{µ-a-Êns\ tZh-·mÀ `£n-¡p-¶p.
Xkvan³ bmhÕw ]mX-ap-jnXzmf
ssYX-ta-hm[zm Xw ]p\À¶n-hÀ¯
t´ XtY-X, amIm-i, amImim Zzm
bpw, hmbpÀ`qXzm [qtam `h-Xn, [qtam
`qXzm f{Zw `h-Xn.
A{`w `qXzm tatLm `hXn; tatLm
`qXzm {]hÀjXn; X Cl {holn-b-hm,
Huj-[n-h-\-kv]-X-b, kvXne-amjm CXn
Pmbt´ AtXm ssh Jep ZpÀ¶njv{]
]X-cw, bmtbm ly¶-a-¯n, tbm tc
Xx kn©-Xn, XZv`qb Gh `h-Xn.
B N{µ-a-Þ-e -¯ n IÀ½- £ -b w-h sc hkn-¨ n-«v ,
ASp¯p ]d-hm³ t]mIp¶ hgn-¡p- Xs¶ t]mb-Xp-t]m-se,
ho­pw Xncn-¨p-t]m-cp-¶p. BIm-i-t¯bpw BIm-i- ¯nÂ
\n¶p hmbp-hn-t\bpw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. hmbp-hm-bn-¯oÀ¶n«v
[qa-ambn ]cn-W-an-¡p-¶p. [qa-am-bn-¯oÀ¶n«v hÀj-ambn
]Xn-¡p-¶p. AhÀ ChnsS {holn-Ifpw bh-§fpw Huj-
[n-I-fpw, hr£-§fpw Xne-§fpw amj-§fpw aäp-ambn P\n-
¡p-¶p. C¡m-c-W-¯m \njv{I-an-¡p-hm³ hfsc {]bm-
k-am-Wv. BscÃmw B A¶s¯ `£n-¡p-¶p-thm, an¡-
hmdpw AXnsâ FÃmw Ah-b-h-§-tfmSpw BIr-Xn-tbmSpw
IqSn- b-h-\m-bn-Xo-cp-¶ p.
XZy Cl ca-Wob Nc-Wm, A`ymtim
l bt¯ ca-Wobmw tbm\n-am-]-tZy-c³;
{_mÒW tbm\nw hm £{Xnb tbm\nw
hm sshiy-tbm\nw hm AYb Cl I]q
b Nc-Wm, A`ymtim l bt¯ I]qbmw
tbm\n am]-tZy-c³, iztbm\nw hm kq
Ic-tbm\nw hm NÞm etbm\nw hm
B A\p-i-bn-I-fn BcmtWm Cu temI-¯n tim`-
 240
I bmsXm-cp-¯³ Cu temI-¯n Atim-`\- -io-e-·m-cm-bn-cn-
¡p-¶p-thm, AhÀ Atim-`\ - -amb tbm\nsb AXm-bXv
iztbm-\n-tb-tbm, kqIc tbm\n-tbtbm NÞm-et- bm-\n-
tbtbm thK-¯n {]m]n-¡pw.
AssY-Xtbmx ]tYm˦ IX-tcW N\,
Xm\o-am\n £p{ZmWy kIrZm hÀ¯o\n
`qXm\n `h´n; Pmb-kz-{an-b-tkztXy
XXv XrI-Xobw Øm\w tX\m ku
temtI \ kw]qÀ¿tX; Xkvam-Öq-Kp]vtk
X; XtZj tÇmIx
]ns¶ GXp `qX-§Ä C¸-dª c­p amÀ¤-§fnÂ
H¶nepw IqSn t]mIp-¶n-Ã-tbm, A§-s\-bpÅ Cu `qX-
§Ä ]e {]mhiyw BhÀ¯n-¡p¶ Cu¨, sImXp- I,v ]pgp
apX- emb £p{Z-§-fmbn `hn-¡p-¶p. P\n-¡epw acn-¡epw
aq¶m-as¯ Øm\-am-Ip-¶p. AXp-sIm­v ]c-temIw \nd-
bp-¶n-Ã. AXn-\m kwkm-c-KXn shdp-¡-Ww.
kvtXt\m lnc-Wyky kpcmw ]n_wÝ Kp
tcmkvXev] am\-k³ {_Òlm N GtX
]X´n NXzmcx ]©-aÝm ffNcw
kvs sXcnXn
Iq-Sn-b-hcpw alm t{im{Xn-b-·m-cpsS ChÀ, Ft¶mSp tNmZn-
kzÀ®w tamãn-¡p-¶hpw, aZy-]m\w sN¿p-¶-h-\pw, ¡pw. AhÀ¡v AhÀ tNmZn-¡p-¶-sXÃmw ]dªp sImSp-
Kpcp-Zm-c-§sf ]cn-{K-ln-¡p-¶-h-\pw, {_Ò-Ws\ sImÃp-¶- ¡p-hm³ Rm\p-Õm-ln-¡p-¶n-Ã. Ct¸mÄ Rm³ thsdmcp
h\pw Cu \mep-t]-cpw Ah-tcm-Sp-IqSn {]hÀ¯n-¡p¶ D]-tZ-ãm-hns\ A`y-\p-im-kn-¡mw.
A©m-a-t¯-h\pw ]Xn-¡p-¶p.
AY lb GXm³ ]©m-áo³ thZ,
\ k l ssXc ]ymN-c³ ]m]va
\m en]ytX ip²x ]qXx ]pWytem
tIm `hXn b Ghw thZ, b Ghw thZ
Bcv Cu ]©m-á n-Isf C§s\ Adn-b p-¶p-thm,
Ah³ ta¸-dª alm-]m-X-In-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn {]-hÀ¯n-¨m-
epw, ]m]-¯m en]v\m-I-bn-Ã. C§s\ Bcp Adn-bp-¶p-
thm, Ah³ ip²-\mbpw ip²-am-¡-s¸-«-h\- mbpw ]pWy-
amb temI-ap-Å-h-\mbpw Xocp-¶p.
]Xn- s \m¶mw JÞw
{]mNo-\-i me Hu]-a-\yhx kXy-bÚx
]uepjn, cn{µ Zypavt\m `mÃ-th-tbm,
P\x imÀ¡-cm-t£m, _Une Aiz
Xcm-iznkvtX ssltX alm-imem alm
t{im{Xnbmx ktaXy aoamwkm N{Iqx
tIm\ Bßm, Inw {_tÒXn
N P
K
henb bÚ- im-en- I- tfmSp IqSn-b-hcpw henb kvtXm{Xn-
b-·m-cp-amb D]-a-\yp-hnsâ ]p{X-\mb {]mNo-\-im-e³ ]peq-
jsâ ]p{X\m kXy-b-Ú³ ZmÃ-hn-bpsS ]p{X-\mb C{µ-
Zyp-av\³, iÀ¡-cm-£sâ ]p{X-\mb _pUn-e³ ChÀ Hcn-
S¯v Hcp-an-¨q-In-Sn. Bßm-thXv {_Ò GXv F¶v hnNm-c-W-
sN-bvXp.
tX l k¼m-Zbmw N{I-cp-±m-etIm sse
`K-ht¶m fb amcpWnx k{_-Xn-aam
ßm\w sshiz-\-c-a-t[yXn; Xw lm`y
KÑm-taXn Xw lm`ym PÜpx
]qPy-·m-cmb AhÀ X§Ä¡v D]-tZ-ãm-hns\ Btem-
Nn-¨p. Acp-Wsâ ]p{X-\mb Cu D±m-e-I³ sshiz-\-c-\m-
Ip¶ Cu¯-ßm-hns\ th­ hn[-¯n Adn-b p-¶ p.
Ct¸mÄ Chs\ \ap¡v A`ym-K-an-¡mw. C§s\ \nÝ-bn¨v
D±m-e-Is
- \ A`ym-K-an-¨p.
k l k¼m-Zbmw NImc {]£y´n amanta
alm-imem alm-t{im{Xn bmkvtXt`ym \
kÀh-anh {]Xn-]tÕ; l´m la-\y-a-`y\p
imkm-\ oXn
B BcpWn hnNmcn¨p:þþ henb bÚ-im-en-I-tfm-Sp-
Xm³ tlmhm-Nm-iz-]XnÀssh `K-ht´mf
bw ssI tI bx kw {]Xo-a-am-ßm\w
ss]izm \c-a-t[y-XnXw l´m-`y-KÑm
taXn Xw lm`y-PÜpx
Ah-tcmSp ]dªp: AÃtbm `K-hm-·mtc! tItI-bsâ
]p{X- \mb Cu Aiz- ]Xn F¶ cmPmhv th­- hn-[-¯n Cu
sshizm- \- c- s\¶ Bßm- hns\ Adn- bp-¶p. Ahs\ Ct¸mÄ
\ap¡v A`ym-K-an-¡mw. F¶p \nÝ-bn¨v Aizm-]-Xnsb
A`ym-K-an-¨p.
tXt`ym l {]m]vtX `yx ]rY KÀlmWn
Imcbmw NImc k l {]mXx kwPn
lm\ DhmN:þ \ ta kvtXt\m P\-]-tZ,
\ IZÀt¿m \ þ aZyt]m \m\m-lnXm
ánÀ¶m-hn-Zzm³, \ sskzco sskzcn-Wo,
IptXm, b£y-amtWm ssh `K-ht´mf
la-kvan, bmhtZ ssIIkvam EXzn tP
[\w Zmkyman XmhZv `K-hZv t`ym
Zmkym-an, h´ CXn.

I {]m]vX-cmb AhÀ¡p {]tXyIw k¡m-c-§Ä sN¿n-
¨p. B cmPmhv {]mXx Ime-¯n hn\-bt- ¯m-Sp-IqSn
]dªp: Fsâ \m«n IÅ-\n-Ã. Ir]-W³ CÃ. aZy-]\
Ã. Aáym-[m\w sN¿m-¯-h\ - n-Ã. hnZzm-·m-tc-bp-Åp. ]c-Zm-
c-K-a\w sN¿p-¶-h-\n-Ã. Zpã-N-c n-Wn-bmb kv{XoI-fn-Ã.
AÃtbm `K-hm-·m-tc, Rm³ bmKw sN¿m³ t]mI-bm-Wv.
Htcm EXzn-¡n\pw F´p-am{Xw [\w Rm³ sImSp-¡ptam
A{Xbpw `K-hm-·m-cmb \n§Ä¡v Xcp-¶p-­v. `K-hm-·mÀ
ChnsS hkn-¡p-hn³.
tX tNmNpÀt¿\ sslhm-t°\ ]pcpj
Ýtc-Xv, Xw sslh htZ-Xv, Bßm\
ta thaw sshizm-\cw kw{]-Xy-t[yjn;
Xtah t\m {_qlo-Xn.
AhÀ ]dªp: GXp {]tbm- P-\s¯ D-t±-in¨v ]pcp- j³
Hcm-fpsS ASp-¡Â sNÃp-¶p-thm, AXp-Xs¶ ]d-ªp
sImSp-¡-Ww. Bßm-hp-X- s¶- bmb Cu sshiz-\-cs\ icn-
bmbn A§v Adn-bp-¶p. B sshizm-\-c-s\-¯s¶ R
§Ä¡v ]d-ªp-X-cq.
Xm³ tlmhmN {]mXÀhx {]Xnh
àm kvaoXn, tX kanXv ]m-Wbx
]qÀhm lvtW {]Xn-N{- I-antc; Xm³
lm\p ]\ossb sshX-Zp-hmN
Ah-tcmSv Aiz-]Xn ]d-ªp. cmhnse \n§Ä¡p {]Xyp-
¯cw \ÂImw. AhÀ ssII-fn kan-¯p-It- fm-Sq-InS
]qÀhm-Ó- ¯n cmPmhnsâ ASp-¡ÂsN-¶p. Ahsc D]-
\- bn¡msX Xs¶ Xmsg- ¸- d- bp¶ sshizm- \- c- hnÚm\w ]d- kn-¡p-¶-Xv, AXv hniz-cq-]³ F¶p {]kn-²-\mb sshizm-
ªp-sIm-Sp-¯p.
]{´­mw JÞw
Hu]-a-\y-h, Iw Xzam-ßm-\-hp-]mÊ CXn;
Znh-tah `Kthm cmP-¶nXn tlmhm
N; Gj ssh kpX Pm Bßm
sshizm-\-tcmbw Xzam-ßm\ ap]mtÊ
Xkvam¯ hkpXw {]kp-X, amkpXw
Ipte Zriy-tX.
D]-a\yp ]p{Xm, A§v GXv Bßm-hns\ D]m-kn- ¡p¶p
F¶p cmPmhp tNmZn-¨p. ]qPy-\mb cmPm-th, tZymhn-s\-
¯s¶ F¶v alm-im-e³ adp-]Sn ]d-ªp. A§v D]m-kn-
¡p-¶Xv kptX-P-sʶp ]d-bp¶ sshizm-\-c-\mb Bßm-
hm-Ip-¶p. B Bßm-hns\ \o D]m-kn-¡p¶p. AXn-\mÂ
\nsâ Ipe-¯n kpXhpw {]kq-X-hpw, Akq-Xhpw ImW-
s¸-Sp-¶p. (A-Xm-bXv \nsâ Ipe-¯n-ep-Å-hÀ IÀ½w sN¿p-
¶-h-cm- sW-¶À°w)
N P
241
AÕy¶w ]iy-kn-{]n-bw, A¯y¶w ]iyXn K
{]nbw, `hXyky {_Ò-hÀ¨kw Ipte b
- n-
GX tah-am-ßm\w sshizm-\c ap]m-kvtX,
aqÀ²mtXzj Bßm\ CXn tlmhmN; aq
À²mtX hy]-Xn-jyZy ·mw\ fKanjy CXn
\o A¶s¯ `£n-¡p-¶p. {]nbs¯ ImWp-¶p. Bcv
C{]-Imcw Cu sshiz-\-c-\mb Bßm-hns\ D]m-kn-¡p-¶p-
thm, Ah³ A¶w `£n- ¡pw. {]nbw ImWpw. Chsâ Ipe-
¯n {_Ò-hÀ¨kw D­m-hpw. F¶m CXv Bßm-hnsâ
aqÀ²m-hm-Ip-¶p F¶p ]d-ªp. Fsâ ASp-¡Â A§p
h¶n-Ãm-bn-cp¶p F¦nÂ, At§ apÀ²mhv hoWp-t]m-Ip-am-
bn-cp-¶p F¶p IqSn-¸-d-ªp.
]Xn-aq¶mw JÞw
AY tlmhmN kXy-bÚw ]uepjnx:þ
No\-tbm-Ky, Iw Xzam-ßm\ ap]mÊ CXn
BZn-Xy-ta-h. `Kthm cmP-¶nXn tlmhmN;
Gjssh hniz-cq] Bßm-ssh-iz\
tcm bw Xzmam-ßm-\-ap-]mtÊ; Xkvam
¯h hniz-cq]w Ipte ZriytX
]pep-jsâ ]p{X-\mb kXy-b-Ú-t\mSv ]d-ªp. AÃ-
tbm, {]mNo\-tbmKym, A§v GXns\ Bßm-hmbn D]m-kn-
¡p¶p? ]qPy-\mb cmPmth BZn-Xy-s\-¯s¶ F¶p
Ah³ ]d- ªp. A§v GXn-s\-bmtWm Bßm-hmbn D]m-
\-c\
- mb Bßm-hm-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m \nsâ Ipe-¯nÂ
hfsc Cl- ]- c-tem-I-§Ä¡p- th- ­n-bpÅ D]-I-cWw ImWp-
¶p.
{]hrt¯m fizX-co-ctYm Zmko-\njvtImf
Õy¶w ]iy-kn-{]nbw A¯y¶w ]iy
Xn {]nbw, Zh-¯ky {_Ò-hÀ¨kw
Ipte, b GX tah-am-ßm\w sshizm
\c-ap-]mkvtX! N£p-jvtTz-X-Zm-ß\
CXn tlm hmN tÔm f`hntjym bZn
amw\m ffKanjy CXn.
Aiz-X-c n-I sf sI«n-bn-«pÅ cY-hpw, Zm-kn-It- fmSp
IqSnb lmc-hpw, \n\-¡p-]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp-¶p. \o A¶s¯
`£n- ¡p-¶p. \o {]nbw ImWp- ¶p. BcmtWm C{]-Imcw Cu
sshizm\-c-\m-Ip¶ Bßm-hns\ D]m-kn-¡p-¶Xv Ah³
A¶w `£n-¡p-¶p. {]nbw ImWp-¶p. Chsâ Ipe-¯nÂ
hr¯m- ²y-b-\- k-ar²n D­m-hp-¶p. CXv Bßm- hnsâ N£p-
Êm-Ip-¶p. A§v Fsâ ASp-¡Â h¶n-cp-¶n-Ã-¦n AÔ-
\m-bn-¯o-cp-am-bn-cp¶p F¶pw ]d-ªp.
 242

I ]Xn-¶ memw JÞw {]P-sb-s¡m­pw [\w-sIm­pw kar-²-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. K

AY tlmhm-tN-{µ-Zypav\w `mÃ-thbw:þ AÕy-¶w, ]iykn {]nb-a-¯y¶w ]iy
sshbm{L ]ZyIw Xzam-ßm-\-ap]m Xn {]nbw; `h-Xyky {_Ò-hÀ¨kw Ipteb
tÊ CXn. hmbp tah `Kthm cmP GX-tah amßm\w sshizm-\-c-ap-]m-kvtX,
¶nXn tlmhmN Gj ssh ]rY-KzÀ kwtZ-l-kvtXzj Bßm\ CXn tlmhmN
ßm ffßm sshizm-Xt- cmbw Xzamßm ktµ-lkvtX hyioÀ¿-Zy·mw \m ffKan
\ ap]mtÊ; XkvamXv Xzmw ]rYKv _ jy CXn.
eb Bb´n ]rY-{KY t{iWtbmf \pb´n A§v A¶w `£n-¡p-¶p. {]nbw ImWp-¶p. Bcv Cu
`mÃ-hn-bpsS ]p{X-\mb C{µ-Zyp-av\-t\mSv tNmZn¨p: AÃ- sshizm-\-c\ - m-Ip¶ Bßm-hns\ C§s\ D]m-kn-¡p-
tbm, hy{L-h-¯nsâ ]p{Xm, A§v F´n-s\-bmWv Bßm- ¶pthm Ah³ A¶w `£n-¡pw. {]nbw ImWpw. Chsâ
hmbn D]m-kn-¡p-¶Xv? ]qPy-\mb cmPmth hmbp-hn-s\- Ipe- ¯ n {_Ò- hÀ¨kw D­m-Ipw. F¶m CXv sshizm-
¯s¶ F¶p ]d- ªp. A§v GXn-s\- bmtWm Bßm-hmbn \- c sâ a[y- a - i - c o-
c-am-Ip-¶p. A§v Fsâ Acn-In h¶n-
D]m-kn-¡p-¶Xv AXv hmbp ]rY-KzÀßm-sh¶p t]cpÅ Ãm-bn-cp¶p F¦n At§-bpsS icocw hnioÀ®-am-bn-¯o-
Bßm-hmb sshizm- \- c- \m-Ip-¶p. ]rY-KzÀßm-sh¶ Bßm- cp-am-bn-cp-¶p.
hns\ D]m- kn-¡p- ¶- Xn-\m thsdthsd D]- lm-c-§Ä A§-
bpsS ASp- ¡Â hcp- ¶p. thsd thsd tXÀ\n- c- IÄ A§sb
A\p-K-an-¡p-¶p. ]Xn-\ mdmw JÞw
AÕy-¶w, ]iykn {]nbw; A¯y¶w AY tlmhmN _pUn-ea - m-iz-X-cmiznw:þ
]iyXn {]nbw `h-Xyky {_Ò-hÀ¨kw sshbm {]]-ZyIw Xzam-ßm-\-ap-]mÊ
Ipte b GX-tah amßm\w sshizm CXn. A] Gh `Kthm cmP-¶nXn tlm
\c ap]mkvtX; {]mW-kvtXzj Bßm\ hmN. Gj sshc-bn-cmßm sshizm\
CXntlmhmN; {]mWkvX DZ-{In-anjy tcm bw Xzam-ßm\ ap]mtÊ; XkvamXv Xzw
Zv b·mw \ ffKanjy CXn cbn-am³ ]pjvTn-am-\kn

A§v A¶w `£n-¡p-¶p. {]nbw ImWp-¶p. BcmtWm Aiz-X-cm-izsâ ]p{X-\mb _p²n-et- \mSv ]dªp:
Cu sshizm-\-c-\m-Ip¶ Bßm-hns\ D]m-kn-¡p-¶-Xv, AÃtbm hy{L-]-¯nsâ ]p{Xm, A§v GXns\ sshizm-\-
Ah³ A¶w ImWpw. Chsâ Ipe-¯n {_Ò-hÀ¨kw c-\mbn D]m-kn-¡p¶p F¶v tNmZn-¨p. AÃ-tbm, ]qPy-\mb
D­m- Ipw. F¶m CXv sshizm- \-csâ {]mW- \m- Ip- ¶p F¶v cmPmth A¸p-I-sf-¯ -s ¶-bm-I p¶p F¶v _p²n-e ³
]d-ªp. A§v Fsâ ASp-¡Â h¶n-Ãm-bn-cp¶p F¦n D¯cw ]d-ªp. A§v GXns\bmtWm Bßm-hmbn D]m-
A§-bpsS {]mW³ DÂ{I-an-¡p-I-am-bn-cp¶p F¶pw ]d- kn-¡p-¶Xv CXv cbn F¶p {]kn-²-\mb Bßm-hmb
ªp. sshiz-c-\-c-\m-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m A§v [\-ap-Å-h-\mbpw
]pãn-bp-Å-h-\mbpw Ccn-¡p-¶p.
AÕy-¶w, ]iykn {]nbw, AXy¶w ]iy
]Xn-\ ©mw JÞw Xn {]nbw `h-Xyky {_Ò-hÀ¨kw Ipte,
AY tlmhmN P\w:þ imÀ¡-cm-£y, Iw b GX-tah amßm\w sshizm-\c
Xzam-ßm\ ap]mÊ CXn. BImi ta ap]mkvtX; hkvXn-kvtXzj Bßm\ CXn
h `Kthm cP-¶nXn tlmhm-N. Gj tlmhmN; hkvXnkvtX hyt`-Õy-`yßmw
ssh _lpe Bßm-ssh-izm-\tcm bw \m ffKan-jyXn
Xzam-ßm\ ap]mtÊ; XkvamXv Xzw _lp
A§v A¶w `£n-¡p-¶p. {]nbw ImWp-¶p. Bcv C{]-
tem fkn {]Pbm N [t\\ N. Imcw Cu sshizm-\-c-\m- Ip¶p Bßm-hns\ D]m-kn-¡p- ¶p-
P\-t\mSv ]d-ªp. AÃtbm, iÀ¡-cm-£- ]p-{Xm, A§v thm, Ah³ A¶w `£n- ¡pw. {]nbw ImWpw. Chsâ Ipe-
F´ns\ Bßm-hmbn D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. ]qPy-\mb cmPm-th, ¯n {_Ò-hÀ¨-ckw D­m-Ipw. F¶m CXv Bßm-
BIm-i-s¯-¯-s¶ F¶p-¯cw ]d-ªp. A§v GXn-t\- hnsâ hkvXn-bm-Ip-¶p F¶p ]d-ªp. A§v Fsâ ASp-
bmtWm Bßm-hmbn D]m- kn- ¡p-¶Xv AXv _lp-e³ F¶p ¡Â hcm-Xn-cp¶p F¦n At§-bpsS hkvXn-s¸m-«n-t¸m-
t]cpÅ Bßm-hmb sshizm- \- c- \m-Ip- ¶p. AXn- \m A§v Ip-am-bn-cp¶p F¶p-IqSn ]d-ªp.
N P
 243

I ]Xn-t\gmw JÞw §-fnepw FÃm Bßm-¡-fnepw A¶w `£n-¡p-¶p.'' K

AY tlmhm-tNm-±m-eI
- -am-cpWnw:þ KuX Xky l hm G Xkyff ßt\m sshizm\
a, Iw Xzam-ßm\ ap]mÊ CXn. ]rYnhn tah cky-aqÀss²h kptX-Pm, Ý£pÀhn-izcp
`Kthm cmP-¶n-Xn-tlm-hmN Gj ssh {]XnjvTm ], {]mWx ]rY-KzÀßm-ßm, ktµ-tlm,
ffßm sshizm-\tcm bw Xzam-ßm\ ap]mtÊ _lp-tem, hkvXn-tc-h-cbnx ]rYn thyh
XkvamXv Xzw {]Xn-jvTntXm fkn{]-bmP ]mZm, Àhpc Gh thZnÀ, tÃmam
N hip-`n-Ý. \n_ÀlnÀ, lrZbw KmÀl-tXym, at\mf
\zm lmÀ¿-]-N\ Bky amÀl-h-\obx
AÕy¶w ]iykn-{]nbw; AXy¶w ]iyXn
A§-s\-bpÅ Cu sshizm-\-c-\m-Ip¶ Bßm-hn\v
{]nbw `h-Xyky {_Ò-hÀ¨kw Ipteb ZyptemIw aqÀ²m-hm-Ip-¶p. BZn-Xy³ N£p-Êm-Ip-¶p.
GX-tah amßm\w sshizm-\-ca
- p]m hmbp {]mW-\m-Ip-¶p. BImiw ico-c-am-Ip-¶p. A¶- Im-c-
kvtX; ]mZu-tXzXm hmß\ CXn tlm W-amb A¸p-IÄ aq{Xm-i-b-am-Ip-¶p. ]rYnhn ]mZ-§-fm-Ip-
¶p. sshizm-\-cm-ß-I-\mb t`màm-hnsâ DcÊv kwkvI-cn-
hmN: ]mZu tX hy¾m-tkyXmw b·mw
¡-s¸« Xd-bm-Ip-¶p. tcma-§Ä ZÀ`-§-fm-Ip-¶p. lrZbw
\m ffKanjy CXn KmÀl- ]-Xy- \m- Ip- ¶p. a\Êv A\zm- lmÀ¿- h- N-\m- Ip- ¶p. hmbp
AcpW ]p{X-\mb D±m-eI - t- \mSv ]d-ªp. AÃ-tbm, Bl-\-h-\o-b-\m-Ip¶p.
KuX-am, A§v GXv Bßm-hns\ D]m-kn-¡p¶p? F¶p
tNmZn- ¨p. `K-hm- \mb cmPmth ]rYnhn Xs¶- bm-Ip¶p F¶v
- ³ ]d-ªp. A§v GXv Bßm-hn-s\-bmtWm D]m- ]s¯m³]Xmw JÞw
D±m-eI
kn-¡p-¶Xv CXv {]XnjvT F¶p ]d-bp¶ Bßm-hmb XZyZv `àw {]Y-a-am-K-tÑXv Xt²m
sshizm-\-c-\m-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m A§v {]P-I-sf-s¡m-­pw, aobw, kbmw {]Y-am-am-lpXnw Pqlpbm
]ip-¡- sf-s¡m­pw {]Xn- jT v n-X- \m- bn-cn-¡p-¶p. A¶w `£n-
Xv Xmw Pqlp-bmXv {]mWmb kzm
¡p-¶p. {]nbw ImWp-¶p. BcmtWm Cu Bßm-hmb
sshizm-\-cs\ D]m-kn-¡p-¶Xv Ah³ A¶w `£n¡pw tlXn, {]mW kv Xr]y-Xn.
{]nbw ImWpw. Chsâ Ipe-¯n {_Ò-hÀ¨kw D­m- A§ns\ Ccns¡ GXv A¶- amtWm H¶m-a-Xmbn hcp-
hpw. F¶m Ch Bßm-hnsâ ]mZ-§-fm-Ip¶p F¶v ¶Xv AXv tlman-¡p-hm-\pÅ km[-\-am-Ip-¶p. GXv tlman-
cmPmhv ]d-ªp. A§v Fsâ ASp-¡Â BK-an-¨n-Ãm-bn- ¡pt¶m AXns\ {]mWm-b-kzmlm F¶v tlman-¡-Ww.
cp¶p F¦n At§-bpsS ]mZ-§Ä XfÀ¶p-t]m-Ip-am-bn- {]mW³ Xr]vX-\m-Ipw.
cp¶p F¶p-IqSn ]d-ªp.
{]tW Xr]yXn N£p-kvXr-]y-Xn, N£p
jn Xr]y-Xym-ZnXy kvXr]yXn BZntXy
]Xn-s\«mw JÞw Xr]yXn Zyu kvXr]y-Xn, Znhn Xr]y´ymw
Xm³ tlmhmN:þ GtX ssh Jep-bqbw bXv In© Zyu Ý ffZnXy Ým[nXn
]rY Knth aam-ßm\w sshizm-\cw jvT XkvXXv Xr]y-Xn, Xkym\p Xr]vXnw Xr]y
hnZzmwtkm f¶aÀ°; bkvtXzX tajw {]m Xn {]P-bm, ]ip-`n, c¶m-tZy\ tXP
tZi am{X-a-Zn-hn-am-\-am-ßm\w sshizm\ km {_Ò-hÀ¨-tk-t\-Xn.
\p]mkvtX; k kÀthjp temtIjp kÀthjp {]mW³ Xr]vX-\m-Ip-t¼mÄ N£pÊp Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp-¶p.
`qtXjp kÀth-jzm-ß-k z-¶-a-¯n. N£pÊp Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ BZn-Xy³ Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp-¶p.
BZn-Xy³ Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ tZymhp Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp-¶p.
cmPmhv ]d-ªp. ""\n§Ä Cu Bßm-hmb sshizm-\- tZymhp Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ tZymhpw BZn-Xy\pw GXn- s\-
cs\ thsd thsd F¶- t]mse hnNm-cn- ¨p-sIm- ­mWv A¶w bmtWm A[n-jvT n-X- am-¡ p-¶ Xv AXv Xr]vXn-s ¸-Sp-¶ p.
`£n-¡p-¶-Xv. F¶m Bcm-tWm, C{]-Imcw {]mtZ-i-am- AXnsâ Xr]vXnsb XpSÀ¶v {]P-sb-s¡m­pw ]ip-¡-sf-
{X\pw A`n-hn-am-\\pw Bb sshiz-\-c- \mb Bßm-hns\ s¡m­pw A¶w apX-em-b-Xp-sIm­pw tXP-Êp-sIm­pw
D]m-kn-¡p-¶p-Xv, Ah³ FÃm temI-§-fnepw FÃm `qX- {_Ò-hÀ¨kw sIm­pw Xm\pw Xr]vX-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.

N P
 244
I Ccp-]Xmw JÞw
AY bmw ZznXobmw Pqlp-bm¯mw Pqlpbm
Zvhym\m-bb kzmtlXn; hym\kv Xr]y-Xn.
hymt\ Xr]y-Xn-t{im{Xw Xr]yXn; t{im{X
Xr]yXn N{µ-am-kvXr-]yXn; N{µ-akn
Xr]yXn Znikv Xr]y´n `n£p Xrhy´o
jp bXv Inw N Znix t{im{Xw Nm[nXn
jvT´n XXv Xr]yXn; Xkym-\p-Xr]vXnw Xr]y
Xn {]Pbm ]ip-`n-c¶
- mtZy \ tXPkm
{_Ò-h À¨-tk-t \Xn
c­m- as¯ BlqXn GXmtWm tlman- ¡p-¶Xv AXns\ Xr]vX-\m-Ip-t¼mÄ hnZyp¯v Xr]vX- bm-Ipw. hnZypXv Xr]vX-
hym\mb kzml F¶v tlman-¡-Ww. hym\³ Xr]vX-\m-Ip- bm-Ip-t¼mÄ hnZyp-¯pw, ]ÀP-\y\pw bmsXm-¶ns\ A[n-
t¼mÄ t{im{Xw Xr]vX-\m- Ip-¶p. t{im{Xw Xr]vX-\m- Ip- t¼mÄ Xn-jTv n-X-am-¡pt¶m AXp Xr]vX-am-Ipw.
N{µ-³ Xr]vX- \m-Ipw. N{µ³ Xr]vX-\m-Ip-t¼mÄ Zn¡p-IÄ
Xr]vX- §-fm-Ipw. Zn¡p-IÄ Xr]vX-\m-Ip-t¼mÄ Zn¡p-Ifpw
N{µ- aÊpw bmsXm-¶n- s\-bmtWm A[n- jvTn-X-am- ¡p-¶Xv AXv Ccp-] -¯ n- aq¶mw JÞw
Xr]vX-am-Ipw. AXnsâ Xr]vXnsb XpSÀ¶v {]P-sb-s¡m-
­pw, ]ip-¡-sf-s¡m­pw A¶w apX-em-b-Xp-sIm-­pw,
tXP-Êp-sIm-­pw, {_Ò-hÀ¨-kw-sIm­pw Xm\pw Xr]vX-
\m-bn-¯o-cp- ¶p.
Ccp-] ¯n H¶mw JÞw
AY bmw XrXobmw Pqlp-bmXv Xmw Pqlp
bmZ ]m\mb kzmtlXn; Ahm-\kvXr]yXn
A]mt\ Xr]yXn hmàr-]yXn; hmNn
Xr]y´ym aánkv Xr]yXn; Aáu Xr
]yXn ]rYnhn Xr]yXn; ]rYnhymw Xr]y
´m b Inw N ]rYn-ho-Nmán Ým[nXn
jvTX-kvXXv Xr]y-Xn, Xkym\p Xr]vXnw Xr
]yXn {]Pbm ]ip`n c¶m-tZy\ tXP
km {_Ò-hÀ¨-tkm-t\-Xn.
aq¶m-as¯ BlqXn bmsXm¶p tlman-¡pt¶m B
Blp-Xnsb A]m-\mb kzmlm F¶v tlman-¡-Ww. A]m-
\³ Xr]vX-\m-Ipw. A]m-\³ Xr]vX-\m-Ip-t¼mÄ hmIp
Xr]vX-am-Ipw. hmIp Xr]vX-am-hp-t¼mÄ Aán Xr]vX-am-hpw.
Aán Xr]vX-\m-hp-t¼mÄ ]rYnhn Xr]vX-bm-Ipw. {]Ynhn
Xr]vX-bm-Ip-t¼mÄ ]rYn-hnbpw Aánbpw bmsXm-¶nt\
A[n-jT v n-X-am-¡pt¶m AXp Xr]vX-am-Ipw.
Ccp-] -¯ n-c ­mw JÞw
AYbmw NXpÀ°nw Pqlp-bmXv Xmw Pqlp
bmXv kam-\mb kzmtlXn; kam-\kvXr]yXn
N P
kamt\ Xr]yXn a\kv Xr]yXn; a\kn K
Xr]yXn ]ÀP\y kvXr]yXn; ]ÀPt\y Xr]y
Xn hnZyp-¯r-]yXn; hnZypXn Xr]y´ymw bXv
Inw hNn-Zyp¨ ]ÀP-\y-ivOm-[n-Xn-jvTX kvXXv
Xr]yXn; Xky\p Xr]vXnw Xr]yXn {]Pbm
]ip-`n-c¶
- m-tZy\ tXPkm {_Ò-hÀ¨
tkt\- Xn.
\mem- as¯ BlqXn GXmtWm tlman- ¡p- ¶Xv AXns\
kam-\mb kzmlm F¶v tlman-¡-Ww. kam-\³ Xr]vX-\m-
Ipw. kam-\³ Xr]vX-\m-Ip-t¼mÄ a\Êp Xr]vX-am-Ipw.
a\Êp Xr]vX-am- Ip- t¼mÄ ]ÀP- \y³ Xr]vX-\m- Ipw. ]ÀP- \y³
AY bmw ]©ao Pqlp-bmXv Xmw
Pqlp-bm-Zp-Zm-\mb kzmtl-Xn, DZm-\kv
Xr]y-Xn.
DZmt\ Xr]yXn XzIv Xr]yXn; XzNn
Xy]y´ymw hmbp kvXr]yXn; hm bu Xr]y
Xym Imi-kvXr-]yXn BImti Xr]yXn
bXv Inw N hmbp Ým ffImi Ým[nXn
jvTX-kvXXv Xr]y-Xn, Xkym\p Xr]vXnw Xr]y
Xn {]Pbm ]ip-`n-c¶
- m-tZy\ tXPkm
{_Ò-h Àt¨-k -t\-Xn.
A©m-a s¯ BlqXn GXmtWm tlman-¡ p-¶ Xv
AXns\ DZm-\mb kzmlm F¶v tlman- ¡-Ww. DZm-\³ Zr]vX-
\m-Ipw. DZm- \³ Xr]vX- \m-Ip- t¼mÄ Xz¡p Xr]vX- am-Ipw. XzIv
Xr]vX-am-Ip-t¼mÄ hmbp Xr]vX- am-Ipw. hmbp Xr]vX-\m-Ip-
t¼mÄ BImiw Xr]vX-\m- Ipw. BImiw Xr]vX- am-Ip- t¼mÄ
hmbphpw BIm-ihpw GsXm-¶n- s\-bmtWm A[n-jT v n-X-am-
¡p-¶Xv AXp Xr]vX-am-Ipw.
Ccp-] -¯ n- \ memw JÞw
k b CZa hnZym-\án tlm{Xw Pqtlm-Xn,
bYm f§v Kmcm-\-t]mly `kva\n Pqlpbm
Xv XmZrIv XXv kymXv
BcmtWm Cu sshizm-\c ZÀi\w Adn-bmsX Aán-
tlm-{Xs¯ tlman- ¡p- ¶Xv Ahsâ B Aán- tlm{Xw F{]-
Imcw, I\- ep-IÄ \o¡n-bn«v Nm¼-en tlman-¡pt¶m AXp-
t]m- se-bm-bn-¯o-cpw.

I AY b GX-tZhw hnZzm-\ántlm{Xw
Pq]p-Xn, Xky, kÀthjp temtIjp k
Àthjp `qtXjp kÀth-jzm-ß-kp-lpXw `hXn.
BcmtWm C{]- Imcw Adnªv Aán-tlm{Xw tlman- ¡p- ¡mw. AsXms¡ Cu A²ym-b¯
¶Xv Ahsâ Aán-tlm{Xw FÃm temI-§-fn-epw, FÃm bpw, a\-It- âbpw IY CXn ]d-bp-¶Xv hnZy Gähpw
`qX-§- fn-epw, FÃm Bßm-¡-fnepw tlman- ¡-s¸-«-Xm- bn-¯o- t{ijvT-am-W¶p ImWn-¡p-¶p.
cp-¶p.
XZy-tY-jn-Im-Xp-e-a-sáu t{]mXw {]
Zqtb-ssXhw lmky kÀth ]m]vam\x
{]Zq-bt´ b GX-tZhw hnZzm-\án
tlm{Xw Pqtl-Xn.
BcmtWm Cu sshizm-\c ZÀi\w Adnªv Aán-
tKm{Xw tlman-¡p-¶-Xv, Ahsâ FÃm ]m]-§fpw Aán-
bn {]£n-]X
v - amb CjoI F¶p ]d-bp¶ XrW-hn-ti-j-
¯nsâ ]ªn Aán-bn {]£n-]vX-am-bm F§n-s\-
bmtWm Zln-¡p-¶-X,v A§ns\ Zln-¡p-¶p.
XkvamZp sslhw hn`yp-Zy]n NÞmem
tbmÑnãw {]b-tÑ-Zm-ßln sslhm
ky XssZz-izm-\tc lpXw ky ZnXn, X
tZj-tÇmIx,
C{]-Imcw Adn- bp-¶-h³ NÞm-e\v DÑnãw sImSp-¯m-
epw, Chsâ B DÑn-jvT-Zm\w sshizm-\-c-\mb Bßmhv
tlman-¡-s¸- «-Xm-bn- ¯o-cpw. B hnj-b-¯n Xmsg- ¸-d- bp¶
tÇmIw D­v.
btY l £p[nXm _mem amXcw ]À¿p
]mkX Ghw kÀhmWn `qXm-\yán
tlm{X ap]m-kX CXn. Aán tlm{X
ap]m-kX CXn.
GXp-{]-Imcw Cu temI-¯n hni-¸pÅ _me-·mÀ
amXm-hns\ Npän-¡q-Spt\m, AXp-t]mse FÃm `qX-§fpw
Aán-tlm{Xw D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. (hn-Zzmsâ t`mP-\-¯mÂ
temIw apgp- h ³ Xr]v X - a m- b n- ¯ o- c p- s a¶v kmcw.)
Aántlm{X-ap-]m-kX CXn F¶p c­p {]mhiyw ]d-ªn-
cn-¡p-¶Xv A²ymbw Ah-km-\n¨p F¶p ImWn-¡m-\m-Wv.
Bdmw A²ymbw
H¶mw JÞw
Cu PK-s¯Ãmw {_Ò-¯nÂ\n¶v P\n-¡p- ¶Xpw {_Ò-
¯nÂXs¶ ebn-¡p-¶Xpw {_Ò-¯m Pohn-¡p-¶Xpw
BsW¶p aq¶mw A²ym-b-¯n ]d-ªn-«p-­v. {_Ò-
¯n \n¶p PK-¯p-­m-hp-¶Xpw AXn¯s¶ ebn-¡p-
¶Xpw AXp-sIm-­p-Xs¶ Pohn-¡p-¶Xpw F§ns\ F¶p
XpSÀ¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Hcp hnZzm³ t`mP\w sNbvXm PK-
N P
245
s¯Ãmw Xr]vX- am-Ipw. AXv FÃm `pX- §-fnepw ØnXn-sN- K
¿p¶ Bßmhv H¶m-sW- ¦nse D]- ]- ¶- am-I-bp- Åp. Bßmhv
thsd thsd Ccn-¡p¶ ]£w AXv A\p-]-]-¶-am-Ip-¶p.
AXn-\m Bßm-hnsâ GIXzw F§n-s\-bm-W¶v ImWn-
- n ]d-bp-¶p. AÑ-tâ-
tizX-tI-XpÀlm fcptWb Bk; Xw
l ]ntXm-hmN- - þþ tizX-tI-tXm, hk
{_Ò-N-cyw, \ sshtkmaym kvaÂ
Ipeot\m \\qNy {_Ò-_Ôp cnh `h-coXn
Acp-Wsâ ]u{X-\mbn tizX-tIXp Fs¶m-cmÄ D­m-
bn-cp-¶p. Ah-t\mSp ]nXmhp ]d-ªp. AÃtbm tizX-tI-
Xp, \o {_Ò- Ncyw ]men- ¡q. AÃtbm kuaym, \½psS Ipe-
¯n-ep-Å-h³ A²y-b\w sN¿msX {_Ò-_-Ôp-hn-s\-
t¸mse Bbn-¯o-cm³ ]mSn-Ã.
k l ZzmZi hÀj Dt]-Xy, NXpÀhnw-iXn
hÀjx kÀhm³ thZm-\-[oXy alm-a\m
B \qNm-\-am-\o-kvX_v[ Gbmb Xw
l ]ntXm-hmN:þ tizX-tI-tXm, b\p
tkmtayZw alm-am\m A\q-Nm-\a - m\o
kvX_vt[mkn? DX X amtZi a{]m
t£ym, tb\m-{ipXw {ipXw `hXy aXw
aX-a-hn-ÚmXw hnÚm-X -an-Xn.
tizX-tIXp ]{´­p hb-Êm-b-t¸mÄ BNm-cysâ ASp-
¡Â sN¶p. Ccp-]¯ - n- \mep hb-Êm-b-t¸m-Ä FÃm tZh-
§fpw ]Tn¨v al-¯mb a\-tÊm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\mbpw Xm³
km§vK-amb thZw ]Tn-¨p-I-gn-ª-h-\m-W-¶pÅ A`n-am-\-
t¯mSp IqSn-b-h-\mbpw hW-¡-an-Ãm-¯-h-\mbpw Krl-
¯n Ign-ªp-Iq-Sn. Ah-t\mSv ]nXmhv ]d-ªp. AÃtbm
tizX-tI-Xp, kuaym, \o C§s\ alm-a-\-Êm-bpw, Xm³
A´-Nm- \-\m- sW¶p hnNm-cn-¡p- ¶- h-\m- bpw, hW-¡-an-Ãm- ¯-
h- \mbpw Ccn- ¡p-¶p. AXp- sIm­v GXv BtZ-i-¯m {ihn-
¡-s¸- Sm- ¯Xv {ihn- ¡- s¸- «-Xm- bpw, Duln- ¡-s¸-Sm- ¯Xv Duln-
¡-s¸-«-Xmbpw \nÝ-bn-¡-s¸-Sm-¯Xv \nÝ-bn-¡-s¸-«-Xmbpw
Xocp-¶pthm B BtZ-is¯ imkv{X-Nm-tcym-]-tZ-i-§-sf-
s¡m­v Adn-b-s¸-tS­ hkvXp-hns\ \o F´p-sIm­p
tNmZn-¨nÃ?
IYw \p `Khx k BtZtim `h-XoXn
AÃtbm `K-hmt\ B BtZiw GXp-{]-Im-c-¯n-ep-Å-
Xm-Wv. tizX-tIXp tNmZn-¨p.
bYm tkmssay-tI\ arÂ]n-tÞ-\-¼Àhw
hr·bw hnÚmXw kyZzmNm fcw`Ww
hnImtcm \ma-t[bw; a¯n tItXyh kXyw
 246
I bYm tkmssay-tI\ teml-a-Wn\m kÀhw
teml abw hnÚmXw kyZzm-Nm- ffcw`
Ww hnImtcm \ma-t[bw; teml-antXy hkXyw
bYm tkmssay-tI\ \J \nIrt´ \kÀhw
ImÀjvWm-bkw hnÚmXw kymZzmNm ffcw
`Ww hnImtcm \ma-t[-bw, teml-an-tXy,
h kXyw.
bYm tkmssay-tI\ \J Irt´ t\\
kÀhw ImÀjvWm-bkw hnÚmXw ky
ffcw`-cWw hnImtcm \ma-t[-bw, IrjvWm
bk-an-tXyh kXyw Ghw tkmay k
BtZim `h-XoXn
AÃtbm kuaym, GXp {]Im-c-sa-¶m Hcp arÂ]n
Þw sIm­v ar¯nsâ hnIm-c-am-bn-«p-Å-sXÃmw Adn-b-s¸-
«-Xm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. hnIm-c-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv hm¡ns\ B{i-
bn-¨pÅ \ma-t[bw am{X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. ar¯nI F¶p-Å-
Xp-Xs¶ kXy-am-bn-«p-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p. AÃtbm kuaym, Hcp
kphÀ®-]nÞw sIm­v kphÀ®-am-bn-«p-Å-sXÃmw Adn-
b-s¸-«-Xm-bn-¯o-cpw. hnIm-c-sa-¶p-ÅXv hm¡ns\ B{i-bn-
¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. kphÀ®w F¶p-Å-Xp-Xs¶ kXy-am-bn-«p-Å-
Xm-Ip-¶p. AÃtbm kuaym F§ns\ F¶m Hcp \Jw
hm§n-s¡m­v Imcn-cp-¼p-sIm-­p-Å-sXÃmw Adn-b-s¸-«-Xm-
bn-¯o-cp- ¶p. hnIm-c-sa-¶ p-ÅXv hm¡ns\ B{i-bn-¨pÅ
\ma-t[-b-am-Ip-¶p. Imcn-cp-s¼-¶pÅXp kXy-am-bn-«p-ÅXp
Xs¶- bm-bn-cp-¶p. AÃtbm kuaym, B BtZiw C§-s\-
bm-Ip-¶p.
\ ssh \q\w `K-h-´kvX G XZ-thZn
jpx btZy XZ thZn-jy³ IYw taXm
h£y-¶n-Xn, `Khmw kvtXzh-ta-XZv
{_ho-Xzn-Xn, XYm tkmtayXn tlmhmN
`K-hm-·m-cmb Fsâ Kpcp-¡Ä A§p ]dª Cu
hkvXp-hs\ Adn-ªn-«n-Ã. Fs´-¶m CXp Adn-ªn-«p-
­m-bn- cp¶p F¦n F\n¡p ]d- ªp-X-cm- Xn- cp-¶-sX- §n-s\-
bmWv? `K-hm³ Xs¶ F\n¡v AXp ]d-ªp-X-¶m-epw.
F¶v tizX-tIXp ]d-ªp. AÃtbm ku-\ym, A§n-s\-bm-
Is« F¶v ]nXmhv ]d-ªp.
c­mw JÞw
kztZh tkmtay Za{K Bko-tZI tahm
ZznXobw; Xss²I Blpc k tZthZ
a{K Bko-tZI tahm-Zzn-Xobw; XkvamZ
kXx kÖm-bX
N P
AÃtbm kuaym, CXv ap¼v kPm-Xo-b-ambn thsd H¶n- K
Ãm-¯Xpw hnPm-Xo-b- ambn thsdm- ¶n-Ãm-¯Xpw Bb k¯p-
am{Xw Bbn-cp-¶p. Bhn-j-b¯ - n Hcp Iq«À ]d-bp-¶p.
CXv ap³]v GIw-am-{X-am-bn-«p-ÅXpw AZzn-Xo-b-hp-amb Ak-
¯p-X- s¶- bm-Ip-¶p. B Ak-¯n \n¶v k¯v D­m-bn.
IpXkvXp Jep tkmssayhw kyZnXn
tlmhmN; IY akXx kÖn-tb-tX-Xn,
kt¯zh tkmtay-Z-a{K Bko-tZI
tahm-Zzn-Xo- bw.
AÃtbm kuaym, GXp {]am-W-¯n \n¶mWv C{]-
Imcw kw`-hn-¡p-¶Xv? BNm-cy³ tNmZn-¨p. Ak-¯nÂ
\n¶v k¯v F§n- s\-bp- ­mIpw? F¶pw ]d-ªp. AÃtbm
kuaym, Cu PK-¯vap¼v GIw Xs¶-bm-bp-Å-Xpw, AZzn-
Xo-bhpw Bb k¯p-am-{X-am-bn-cp-¶p.
XssZ £X _lpkymw {]Pm-tb-tb-Xn,
X¯-tPm-fkr-PX XXv tXP sF£Xv
_lp kymw {]Pm-tb-tbXn; XZt]m fkr
PX, Xkvam-Zy-{X-IzN timNXn tkzZtX
hm ]pcp-j-kvtX-Pk Gh XZ-[ymt]m
Pmbt´
B k¯v F\n¡p ]e-Xm-IWw F\n¡p {]P-\n-¡- Ww.
F¶v ZÀi\w sNbvXp. B k¯v tXP-Êns\ krjvSn-¨p.
B tXPÊv F\n¡p ]e-Xm-bn- ¯o-cWw; {]P-\n-¡Ww F¶n-
§s\ ZÀi\w sNbvXp. B tXPÊv A¸p-Isf krjvTn-¨p.
AXn-\m Ft¸m-gmtWm ]pcp-j³ kwX-]n- ¡p-I-tbm, tkzZn-
¡tbm sN¿p-¶Xv At¸mÄ tXP-Ên \n¶p-Xs¶ A¸p-
IÄ P\n-¡p-¶p.
Xm B] sF£´ _lzyx kyma
{]Pmtb alo-Xn, Xm A¶-a-kr-P-´,
Xkvam-Zy-{X-Iz-jN hÀj-Xn, XtZh
`qbn-jvT-a¶w `hXn BZv`y Gh
XZ-[y-¶mZyw Pmb-tX.
B A¸p-IÄ \ap¡v ]e-Xm-I-Ww, {]P-\n-¡Ww F¶v
Cu£n-¨p. Ah {]Yn-ho-cp-]-amb A¶w krãn-¨p. AXv
Fhn-sS-bmtWm hÀjn-¡p-¶Xv Ahn-sS-¯s¶ A[n-I-amb
A¶w D­m-Ip-¶p. B A¶mZyw A¸p-I-fn \n¶p-Xs¶
D­m-Ip-¶p.
aq¶mw JÞw
tXjmw J tezjmw `qXm\mw {XotWyh
_oPm\n `h-´y-ÞPw PohP apZv
`nÖ-an-Xn.
 247

I Cu `qX-§Ä¡v AÞ-¯n \n¶p P\n- ¨-X,v Poh- \n bZm-Zn-Xyky tcmlnXw cq]w, tXP K
\n¶p P\n-¨-Xv, DZv`n-¯n \n¶p P\n-¨Xv C§s\ aq¶p kkvX{- Zp]w; bÑq-¢w, XZ-]mw,
am{Xsa _nP-§-fp-Åq.
bXv IrjvWw XZ-¶ky; A]m-KmZm
tkbw tZh-ssX-£X l´m-lan ZnXyXzw; hmNm ffcw`Ww hnImtcm
amkvXnt{km tZhXm At\\ Poh \ma-t[-bw, {XoWn cp]m-WotXy hkXyw
t\m ffß\m \p{]-hniy \ma-cpt] b¨-{µ-atkm tcmlnXw cq]w, tXP
hymI-c -hm-Wn- Xn. kkvX{- Zp]w; bÑq¢w XZ-]mw, bÂ
Cu tZhX Rm³ Cu aq¶p tZh-X-I-fn Cu Poh-\m- ¡rjvWw XZ-¶ky; A]m-Km-¨-{µ-¨-{µXzw
Ip¶ Bßm-hp-sIm­v A\p-{]-hn-in-¨n«v \ma-t¯bpw cq]- hmNm ffcw`Ww hnImtcm \ma-t[-bw,
t¯bpw hymI-cn¡mw F¶v Cu£n-¨p.
{XoWn cp]m-W o-tXy-h-k-Xyw.
Xmkmw {XhrXw {Xnhr-Xt- a-ssIImw
Ic-hm-Wo-Xn, tkbw tZhtX amkvXn b ZznZyptXm tcmlnXw cq]w, tXP-kkvX
t{km tZhXm At\-ss\h Poth\m {Zp]w bbvOq¢w XZ ]mw bÂIrjvWw
ffß\m f\p{]-hniy \ma-cpt] hymItcmXv X Z¶-ky, A]m-Km-Zzn-ZyptXm hnZyp¯zw
B tZh-X-I-fn Hmtcm-¶n-t\bpw ap½q-¶p-]n-W-bp-Å- hmNm ffcw`Ww hnImtcm \ma- -t[bw
Xm¡mw F¶v Cu£n-¨n«v A§n-s\-bpÅ kZm-ßn-I-bmb {XoWn-c p-]m-Wo-tXyh kXyw
Cu tZhX tXP-Êp-ap-X-emb Cu aq¶p tZh-X-I-fnÂ, Cu BZn-Xysâ tcmln-X-amb cq]w GtXm AXv tXP-Ênsâ
Poh-\m-Ip¶ Bßm-hp-sIm-­p-Xs¶ A\p-{]-th-in¨v \ma- cq]-am-Ip¶p. ip¢-amb cq]-tatXm AXv A¸p-If - psS cq]-
cq-]-§Ä shfn-s¸-Sp-¯n. am-Ip-¶p. IrjvWamb cq]-tatXm AXv A¶-¯nsâ cq]-
Xmkmw {XnhrXw {Xnhr-Xta ssI am-Ip-¶p. BZn-Xy-\n \n¶v BZn-XyXzw t]mbn. hm¡ns\
Ima Itcm-Xv, bYm Xp Jep tkmtay B{i-bn- ¨pÅ \ma-t[-b-am- Ip- ¶p. aq¶p cq]- §Ä F¶p- ÅXv
kXy-am-bn-«p-ÅXv am{X-am-Ip-¶p.
am tZhXm kv{Xn hr{¯n hrtZ
ssIIm-`h
- Xn Xt· hnPm\o loXn. N{µsâ Nph¶ cq]w GtXm AXv tXP-Ênsâ cq]-am-
Ip¶p. ip¢-am-bn-«p-Å-tXtXm AXv A¸p-I-fpsS cq]-am-Ip-
B tXPÊp apX-emb tZh-X-I-fn Htcm-¶n-t\bpw ap¸n- ¶p. Ir-jW v am-bn-«p-Å-tXtXm AXv A¶- ¯nsâ cq]-am-Ip-
Wn-bm-¡n-XoÀ¯p. AÃtbm kuaym, F¶m F§-s\- ¶p. N{µ-\n \n¶v N{µXzw t]mIp-¶p. hnIm-c-sa-¶Xv
bmtWm Cu aq¶p tZh-X-IÄ Hmtcm¶pw ap¸n-Wn-bmbn Ccn- hm¡ns\ B{i-bn-¨pÅ \ma-t[-b- am-Ip- ¶p. aq¶p cq]-§Ä
¡p¶Xv A{]-Imcw Fsâ ASp- ¡Â\n¶v Adn-ªp- sIm- Åp. F¶p-ÅXv am{Xw kXy-am-bn-«p-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p.
F¶v BcpWn ]d-ªp.
hnZyp-¯nsâ tcmln-X-amb cq]w GtXm AXv tXP-
Ênsâ cq]-am- Ip-¶p. ip¢-amb cq]-tatXm AXv A¸p-I-fpsS
\memw JÞw cq]-am-Ip-¶p. IrjvW-amb cq]-tatXm AXv A¶-¯nsâ
cq]-am-Ip-¶p. hnZyp-s¯-¶pÅ cq]w A]-K-an-¨p. hnIm-c-sa-
bZ-tá-tcm-lnXp cp]w tXP-k-kvX-{Zp]w; ¶Xv hm¡ns\ B{i-bn-¨pÅ \ma-t[-b-am- Ip-¶p. aq¶p cq]-
bÑq¢w XZ ]mw; bXv IrjvWw XZ §Ä F¶p-ÅXv am{Xw kXy-am-bn-«p-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p.
¶ky, A]m-Km-Z-tá-c-ánXzw hmNm GX²-kva-ssh-X-Zzn-Zzmwk Blpx
ffcw`Ww hnImtcm \ma-t[bw þ {Xo ]qÀth alm-imem alm t{im{Xnbm
Wncp-]m-Wo-tXyh kXyw \t\mf Zy IÝm\m {ipX aa-X-ahn
Aán-bpsS tcmln-X-amb cq]w GtXm AXv tXP-Ênsâ ÚmX apZm lcn-jy-XoXn tlymt`ym
cq]-am-Ip-¶p. ip¢-amb cq]w GtXm AXv A¸p-I-fpsS cq]- hnZmw N{Ipx
am-Ip-¶p. IrjvWmb cq]-tatXm AXv A¶- ¯nsâ cq]-am-
Ip- ¶ p. Aán- b n \n¶v Aán F¶pÅ AhØ A§-s\-bpÅ Cu {Xnhr¡-c-Ws¯ Adn-ªn-«pÅ
s]mbvt¸m-Ip¶p. hnIm-c-sa-¶Xv hm¡ns\ B{i-bn-¨pÅ Ign-ªp-t]mb alm-im-en-If - mb alm-t{im-{Xn-b-·mÀ ]d-
\ma-t[-b-am-Ip-¶p. aq¶p-cq-]-§Ä F¶p-Å-Xp-am{Xw kXy- ªn-«p-­v. Ct¸mÄ \½psS Ipe-¯n Hcp-h³t]mepw
am-bn-«p-Å- Xm-Ip- ¶p. {ihn-¡-s¸-Sm-¯-Xn-t\-tbm, a\\w sN¿-s¸-Sm-¯-Xn-t\tbm

N P

I DZm-l-cn-¡-bn-Ã. Fs´-¶m tcmln-XmZn cq]-§-fnÂ\n¶v
AhÀ AXv Adn-ªp.
bZp tcmln X anhm-`q-Zn-Xn, tXP-k-kX
{Zp]-anXn XZzn Zmw N{Ipx bZp ip¢
anhm-`q-Zn-Xy]mw cq]-anXn XZznZmw
N{Ipx bZp-IrjvW anhm-`q-Zn-Xy-¶-ky-cq]
anXn XZznXmw N{Ipx
bZz hnÚm-Xa
- n-hm-`q-Zn-tXy-Xm-k mta
h tZh Xm\mw kamk CXn XZznZmw
N{Ipx bYm Jep \p tkmtay-amkvXn
t{km tZhXmx ]pcpjw {]m]y-{Xn-hrXv
{XnhrtZ ssIIm `hXn Xw hnPm \o loXn
GXp cq]-amtWm tcmlnXw t]mse tXm¶n-bXv AXv
tXP-Ênsâ cq]-am-Ip¶p F¶v AhÀ Adn-ªp. GXmtWm
ip¢-sa-¶-t]mse AhÀ¡v tXm¶n-bXv AXv A¸p-If - psS
cq]-sa¶v AhÀ Adn-ªp. GsXmcp cq]-amtWm IrjvWw
t]mse tXm¶n-bXv AXv A¶-¯nsâ cq]- sa¶v AhÀ Adn-
ªp. GXmtWm C¶-sX¶p Xncn-¨-dn-bm³ ]mSn-Ãm-¯-Xp-
t]mse tXm¶n-b-Xv, AXv Cu tZh-X-If- psS kap-Zm-b-sa¶v
Adn-ªp. AÃtbm kuaym, GXp-{]-Im-c-amtWm Cu aq¶p
tZh-X-IÄ ]pcp-js\ {]]n-¨n«v Htcm¶pw ap½q-¶w-i-ap-Å-
Xmbn Xocp-¶Xv AXv Fsâ ASp-¡Â \n¶-dn-ªp-sIm-
Åp-I.
A©mw JÞw
A¶-a-inXw t{X[m-hn-[n-btX; Xkybx
Ø]njvtTm [mXp kvXXv ]pcojw `hXn
tbm a²y-a-kvX-·mw-kw, tbmfWnjvTkvX ·\x
`£n- ¡-s¸« A¶w aq¶p {]Im- c- ¯n Bbn- ¯o-cp-¶p. ¯nsâ Aap-hmb Awiw GtXm AXv taevt]m«v Hcp-an¨p
AXnsâ Gähpw Øe-amb Awiw GtXm AXv ]pco-j-am- s]m§p-¶p. AXp a\-Êm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
bn-¯o-cp-¶p. a[y-a-amb Awiw GtXm AXp amwk-am-bn-
¯o-cp-¶p. Gähpw sNdnb Awiw GtXm AXv a\-Êm-bn-
¯o-cp- ¶p.
B]x ]oXm kvt{X[m hn[o-b-t´, XmUmw
bw ØhnjvtTm [mXp-kvX· - q{Xw `hXn;
tbm a[y-a-kvX-·mw-kw, tbm fWnjvTx k
{]mWx
]m\w sN¿-s¸« A¸p-I aq¶p hn[-¯n Bbn-¯o-
cp-¶p. Ah-bpsS Gähpw Øqe-amb Awiw GtXm AXv
aq{X-am- bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Gähpw sNdp-Xm-bn- «pÅ Awiw GtXm hmb Awiw GtXm AXv taÂt]m«p s]m§p-¶p. AXv
AXv {]mW-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
N P
248
tXtPm-inXw t{X[m hn[o-b-tX, Xky K
bx ØhnjvtTm [m XpkvXZ Øn`-hXn-,
tbm a[yax ka-Öm, tbm fWnjvT x
kmhm-I v.
`£n-¡-s¸« tXPÊv aq¶p-{]-Im-c-¯n hn`-à-am-bn-
¯o- c p-¶ p. tXP- Ê nsâ Gähpw Øeq-a mb Awiw
GXmtWm AXv AØn-bm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. a[y-a-amb Awiw
GtXm AXp aÖ BIp-¶p. Gähpw AWp-hm-bn-«p-Å-
tXtXm AXp hm¡m-Ip-¶p.
A¶-abw ln tkmay-a-\, Bt]m
abx {]mW-kvtX-tPm-abo hmK-Xn, `qb
Gham `K-hm³ hnÚm-]b XznXn,
XYm, tkmtayXn tlm hmN
AÃtbm kuaym, a\Êv A¶- a-b-am-Ip-¶p. {]mW³ Pe-
a-b-am-Ip-¶p. hm¡v tXtPm-a-bn-bm-Ip-¶p. F¶v BcpWn ]d-
ªp. `K-hm-\mb A§v ho­pw F\n¡v a\-Ên-em-¡n-¯-
cn-I. F¶v tizX-tIXp At]-£n¨p. AÃtbm kuaym A§-
s\-bm-Is« F¶p ]nXmhv ]d-ªp.
Bdmw JÞw
Z[v\x tkmay, aYy am\ky tbmfWnam
k DuÀ²zx kapZojXn; XXv kÀ¸nÀ`hXn
AÃtbm kuaym, aYn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ Z[n-bpsS AWp-hmb
Awiw GtXm AXv taÂt¸m-«mbn H¶p tNÀ¶v s]m§p-
¶p. AXv kÀ¸n-Êm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
Gh-tah Jep tkmaym-¶ky iyam-\ky
tbm fWnamk DuÀ²zx kap-Zn-j-Xn,
X·t\m `h-Xn.
AÃtbm kuaym, C§s\ Xs¶ Ain- ¡- s¸- Sp¶ A¶-
A]mw tkmay, ]ob-am-\m\mw tbmf
Wnam k DuÀ²zx kap-Zo-j-Xn, k
{]mtWm `h-Xn.
AÃtbm kuaym, ]m\w sN¿-s¸-Sp¶ A¸p-If
- psS
AWp-hmb Awiw GtXm AXv taÂt]m«p s]m§p-¶p.
AXp {]mW-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
tXPkx tkmay-iy-am-\ky tbmfWnam
k DuÀ²zx kap-Zo-jXn; kmhmKv `h-Xn.
AÃtbm kuaym, Ain-¡-s¸-Sp¶ tXP-Ênsâ AWp-
hm¡m-bn-¯ o-cp-¶p.
 249
I A¶-abw ln tkmay a\, Bt]m-abx
{]mW, kvtXtPm-abo hmKnXn; `qb
Gh am `K-hm³ hnÚm-]-b-XznXn;
XYm tkmtayXn tlmhmN
AÃtbm kuaym, a\Êv A½-a-b-am-Ip- ¶p. {]mW³ Pe-
a- b-\m-Ip- ¶p. hm¡v tXtPm-a-bn- bm-Ip-¶p. F¶v BcpWn ]d-
ªp. `K-hm-\mb A§v ho­pw F\n¡p a\-Ên-em-¡n-¯-
cq. F¶p tizX-tIXp At]-£n-¨p. AÃtbm kuay A§n-
s\- bm-I-s «.
Ggmw JÞw
tjmU iIex tkmay ]pcpjx, ]
©Z-im-lm-\nam fiox Ima-a]x
]n_mff-t]m-abx {]mtWm \ ]n
_tXm hntÑÕyX CXn.
AÃtbm kuaym, ]pcp-j³ ]Xn-\mdp Ie-I-tfmSp IqSn-
b-h-\m-Ip-¶p. ]Xn-\©p Znh- kt¯¡v \o `£Ww Ign- ¡m-
Xn-cn-¡q. Cã-t]mse Pew ]m\w sNbvXp-sIm-Åq. ]m\w
sN¿m-¯-h\v Pe-a-b\ - mb {]mW³ hntÑZw {]m]n¡pw
F¶v ]nXmhv ]d-ªp.
k l ]©-Zi - m-lm\n \m ffi; AY
ssl\ ap]m-k-kmZ: Inw{_-hoan
t`m CXn; ENx tkmay-b-Pqwjn
kmam \oXn ktlm-hm-b, \ ssh am
{]Xn-`m´n t`m CXn.
Ah³ ]Xn-\©p Znh-k-t¯bv¡p `£Ww Ign-¨n-
Ã. ]nXm-hnsâ ASp-¡Â sN¶p. ""AÃtbm ]nXmth Rm³
F´p ]d-bWw'' F¶p tNmZn¨p ""EXp-¡-tfbpw, bPq-Êp-
I-tf-bpw, kma-§-tfbpw'' F¶p ]nXmhp ]d-ªp. AXp-
tI«v tizX-tIXp ""AÃtbm ]nXmth F\n¡p tXm¶p-¶nÃ''
F¶p ]d-ªp.
Xw tlm hmN:þ bYm tkmay, al
tXm f`ymln Xssky tIm f§vKm
cx JtZym Xam{Xx ]cn-inãx kym
Xv, tX\ XtXm ]n\ _lp-Z-tlXv
Ghw tkmay, tX tjmU-im\mw
Iem \mtaIm Iem fXnin-jvTm-kymXv;
Xssb XÀln-th-Zm³ \m\p `hkn;
Aim-\m, Y ta hnÚmky koXn.
tizX-tI-Xp-hn- t\mSv ]nXmhp ]dªp: AÃtbm kuaym,
F§ns\ al-¯mb hnd-In«p hf-À¯nb Aán-bpsS an¶m-
an-\p-§n-t\m-f-apÅ Hcp I\Â ]cn-in-ã-am-bn-cn-¡pt¶m B
N P
sNdnb I\ÂsIm­v AXn-t\-¡mÄ IqSp-X-embn Zln-¡m- K
¯Xv F§n-s\-bmtWm AXp-t]mse \nsâ ]Xn-\mdp Ie-
I- fn H¶v tijn-¨n-cn- ¡pw. B Ie- sIm­v Ct¸mÄ \o thZ-
§Ä Adn-bp-¶n-Ã. \o `£Ww Ign-¡q. ]ns¶ Fsâ
hm¡n \n¶v \n\¡v a\-Ên-em-¡mw.
k lm ffimY ssl\ ap] kmZ
Xw l bXv InwN ]{]-Ñ, kÀh
l {]Xnt] tZ
tizX-tIXp `£Ww Ign-¨p. A\-´cw ]nXm- hnsâ ASp-
¡Â sN¶v Ah-t\mSv Fs´Ãmw ]nXmhv tNmZn-¨pthm
AXns\ FÃmw Ah³ Adn-ªn-cp-¶p.
bYm tkmay altXmf `ymlnX
sskyI a§vKmcw JtZym-X-am{Xw
]cn-inãw Xw XrssW-cp] kam-[mb
{]mPze tbXv tX\ XtXmf ]n _
lpZtl tZhw tkmay, tX tjmUim
\mw Iem-\m-taIm Iem fXninãm f `q
Xv; km f t¶ t\m] kam-lnXm {]m
Pzeo-Xv. Xssb XÀln thZ-\-\p-`hkn.
AÃtbm kuaym, GXp {]Im-c -a mtWm hnd-I n«p
hfÀ¯n- bn-«pÅ henb XobpsS tijn-¨n-«pÅ an¶m-an-\p-
§n-t\m-f-apÅ Hcp I\Â]p-Ãp-IÄ Iq«n {]Pz-en-¸n¨v ap³]n-
es¯ Ag-en \n¶p IqSp-X-embn Zln-¸n-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse
\nsâ ]Xn-\mdp Ie-I-fn Hcp Ie Ah-ti-jn-¨n-cp-¶p. B
Ie A¶-¯m- hfÀ¯n {]Pz-en-¸n-¡q. B Ie-sIm­v
Ct¸mÄ \o thZ-§sf A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p.
A¶ abw ln tkmay, a\, Bt]m
abx {]mW-kvtXtPm abo-hm-KnXn
X²mky hnP-Úm-hn-X n, hnPÚmhnXn.
AÃtbm kuaym, a\Êv A¶- a-bs - a¶v kn²-am-b-tÃm.
{]mW³ Pe-a-b\ - m-Ip-¶p. hm¡v tXtPm-a-bn-bm-Ip-¶p.
]nXmhv ]d-ªp. ]nXm-hnsâ B hN\w tizX-tIXp a\-Ên-
em-¡n.
F«mw JÞw
D±m-etIm lm ffcpWnx tizX-tIXpw
]p{X-ap-hmN, kz]v\m´w ta tkmaym,
hnPm-\o-loXn b ss{X Xcv ]pcpjx
kz]nXn \ma kXm tkmay XZm k¼
t¶m `h-Xn, kza-]otXm `h-Xn, X
kvamtZ\w kz]n-XoXym N£-tX, kzwly
]otXm `h-Xn.

I Acp-W] - p-{X-\mb D±m-eI - ³ ]p{X-\mb tizX-tI-Xp-hn-
t\mSp ]d-ªp. AÃtbm kuaym, Fsâ hN- \- ¯n \n¶p
kz]v\m-´s¯ Adnbq F¶p ]d-ªp. AÃtbm kuaym,
GXp Ime-¯n ]pcp-j³ kz]n-¡p-¶p. F¶ t]cp-Å-Xm-
Ip-t¶m, At¸mÄ ks¯¶p ]d-bp¶ tZh-X-tbmSv GIo-`q-
X-\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p. kz´- cq-]s¯ XncnsI {]m]n-¨-h-\mbn
`hn- ¡p- ¶p. AXn-\m Ch- s\-¸än kz]n- ¡p¶p F¶p euIn-
I-·mÀ ]d-bp-¶ p. F´p-s Im-s­-¶m kz´-cq-]s¯
XncnsI {]m]n-¨h - \
- m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
k bYm, iIpXnx kqt{XW {]_-t²m,
Zniw Zniw, ]XnXzm f\y{Xm ffbX\
ae _v[zm _Ô \tathm ]{i-bX
Gh-taÀh Jep tkmay, X·t\m Zn
iw Zniw ]Xn-Xzm-f\y{Xm ffbX-\a
e_v[zm, {]mW-tathm ]{i-btX;
{]mW-_-Ô\w ln tkmay a\ CXn.
GXp {]Im-c-amtWm Nc-Sp-sIm­v _Ôn-¡-s¸« ]£n,
Htcm Zn¡nepw NmSn-t¸mbn asäm-cn-S¯v hn{i-a-Øm\w e`n-
¡m-sX, _Ô-\Ø - -\-s¯-Xs¶ B{i-bn-¡p-t¶m, AXp-
t]mse B a\Êv Htcm Zn¡nepw NmSn-t¸mbn ad-sdm-cn-S¯v B ]pcp- j³ ]m\w sNbzm³ CÑn- ¡p¶p F¶p ]d- bm-dp­v.
hn{i- a-Øm\w e`n-¡msX {]mW-s\-Xs¶ h¶v B{i-bn-¡p- ]m\w sN¿- s¸-«-Xns\ tXPÊp \bn- ¡p- ¶p. AXn-\m GXp
¶p. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m AÃtbm kuaym, a\Êv {]mW-
\m-Ip¶ _Ô-\-Øm-\-t¯mSp IqSn-b-Xm-Ip-¶p.
Ai-\m]n ]mtkta tkmay hnPm\o
loXn bss{X XXv ]pcptjm finin-jXn
\mam ff] Gh XZ-inXw \b-t´, X
ZyYm tKm\mtbm fizm\mbx ]pcp-j\m
b CtXyhw XZ] BN-£tX i\m
tbXn Xss{X-XO- q§vK apÂ]-XnXw
tkmay, hnPm-\oln t\Z-a-aqew `hnjyXo-Xn.
AÃtbm kuaym, Fsâ hN-\¯ - n \n¶p Ai-
t¯bpw ]n]m-k-tbbpw Adn-bp. F¶v D±m-e-I³ ]d-ªp.
Ft¸m-gmtWm ]pcp-j³ Ain-¡p-hm³ CÑn-¡p¶p F¶p
]d- bp- ¶- Xv, At¸mÄ Ain- ¡-s¸- «-Xns\ A¸p- IÄ Xs¶ \bn-
¡p-¶p. GXp-{]-Imcw tKm\m-b³, Aiz-\m-b³, ]pcp-j-\m-
b³ F¶p ]d-bpt¶m A{]-Imcw At¸mÄ A¸p- Isf Ai-
\mb F¶p euIo-I-·mÀ ]d-bp-¶p. A§n-s\-bn-cn-¡-bmÂ
DZvK-X-am-bn-cn-¡p¶ Cu ico-c-am-Ip¶ A¦p-c-s¯, kuaym,
\o Adn-bq. Cu icocw aqe-an-Ãm-¯-Xmbn `hn-¡-bn-Ã.
Xky Iz aqew kymZ-¶-{Xm-¶mÂ? Gh
tah Jep tkmay t¶ \iq-§vtK\m
t]m aqe a\znÑ; AZv`nx tkmay,
ip§vtK\ tXtPm-aqe a\zn-Ñ, tX
Pkm tkmay ip§v tK\ k·q-e-a\zn
N P
250
Ñ; k·qemx tkmtayamx {]Px K
kZm-b-X\mx kXv{]-X njvTmx
B ico-c-¯n\v A¶w Hgn¨v aqew FhnsS D­mIpw?
kuaym, C§s\ A¶-am-Ip¶ iqKv§w sIm­v A¶-
¯nsâ aqe-amb A¸p-Ise a\-Ên-em-¡q. kuaym, A¸p-
I-fm-Ip¶ iqKv§w sIm­v aqe-amb tXPÊv Adn-bq.
kuaym, tXP- Êm- Ip¶ iqKv§w sIm­v aqe-amb k¯ns\
Adn-bq. AÃtbm kuaym, Cu {]P-Is - fÃmw k¯m-Ip¶
aqe-t¯mSp IqSn-bh- bpw k¯m-Ip¶ Bb-X- \-t¯m-Sp-Iq-
Sn-b-hbpw k¯m-Ip¶ {]Xn-jTv -tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bhpw BIp-¶p.
AY bss{X-XXv ]pcpjx ]n]m-kXn
\ma, tXP Gh-X-Xv]oXw \btX;
XZy-Ym, tKm\mtbm fiz\mbx ]pcp-j\m
b CtXyhw Xt¯P BNã DZ
t\yXn, Xss{X-Xt- Zh ip§vK apÂ]
XnXw tkmay hnPm-\o-ln, t\Z-a-aqew
`hn-jy-X o-Xn.
Ft¸m-gmtWm ]pcp-j³ ]m\w sN¿m³ CÑn-¡p-¶Xv
{]Im-c-¯n tKm\m- b³ ]pcp-j³ F¶p ]d-bpt¶m A{]-
Imcw tXP-Êns\ DZ\y F¶v temIw ]d-bp-¶p. A§n-s\-
bn-cns¡ AÃtbm skuaym, Cu ico-cw-Xs¶ DZvK-an-¨n-
«pÅ Aw¦p-c-sa¶v Adnbq. CXv aqe-an-Ãm-¯-Xmbn `hn-¡-
bn- Ã.
Xky Iz aqew kymZ-\y-{Xm-Zn-t`ymfZv`nx
tkmay; ip§vtK\ tXtPm aqe-a-\zn-Ñ,
tXPkm tkmay, ip§vtK\ k·qe
a\znÑ; k·qemx tkmtayamx kÀhx
{]Px kam-b-X\mx kÂ{]-XnjvTmx b
Ym\p Jep tkymtay-am-kvXnt{km tZhXmx
]pcpjw {]m]y-{Xn-hrXv {Xnhr-tZ-s sIIm
`hXn XZpàw ]pckvXm tZh `h-Xn,
Aky tkmay, ]pcp-jky {]b-tXm-hm§v
a\kn k¼-Zy-tX, a\x {]mW-kvtX-Pkn
tXPx ]ckymw tZh Xmbmw
B ico-c-¯n\v A¸p-I-f-ÃmsX aqew FhnsS D­m-Ipw.
kuaym, A¸p-I-fm-Ip¶ ir§vKw sIm­v aqe-amb tXPÊv
Adn-bq. kuaym, tXP-Êm-Ip¶ ip§vKw sIm­v aqe-amb
k¯ns\ Adn-bq. AÃtbm kuaym, Cu {]P-Is - fÃmw
k¯m-Ip¶ aqe-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-hbpw k¯m-Ip¶ Bb-X-
\-t¯mSp IqSn-bh- bpw k¯m-Ip¶ {]Xn-jvT-tbmSp IqSn-
 251
I bhpw BIp-¶p. kuaym, GXp {]Im-c-amtWm tXPÊp apX-
emb Cu aq¶p tZh-X-IÄ Hmscm¶pw ]pcp-js\ {]m]n¨v
ap½q-¶p-hn-[-ambn Xocp-¶-sX¶v t\cs¯ ]dªn«p-­v.
kuaym-tZlw hn«p-t]m- Ip¶ Cu ]pcp-jsâ hm¡v a\-ÊnÂ
GIo-`-hn-¡p-¶p. a\Êv {]mW-\n GIo-`-hn-¡p-¶p. tXP-
Êp-]c
- -bmb tZh-X-bn GIo-`-hn-¡p-¶p.
k b Gtjm Wnssa-X-Zmßy anZw kÀhx
XÕ-Xyw, k Bßm, XXv Xzakn tizX
tItXm CXn. `qb Gh am `K-hm³
hnÚm-\-]b
- -XznXn bYm-tkmtay XntlmhmN.
PK-¯nsâ aqe-amb AWpXzw GtXm AXv Cu PK-
s¯-Ãm-am-Ip¶p Bßm-thm-Sp-Iq-Snb AhØ-bm-Ip-¶p.
AXp-Xs¶ kXy-am-bn-«p-Å-Xm-I p-¶ p. AXp-X s¶ PK-
¯nsâ Bßm-hm-Ip-¶p. AÃtbm tizX-tI-tXm, AXv
\obmIp¶p F¶v BcpWn ]d-ªp. ]qPy-\mb A§v
ho­pw F\n¡p a\-Ên-em-¡n-¯-cq. tizX-tIXp At]-£n-
¨p. skuaym, A§-s\-bm-Is« F¶v D±m-e-I³ ]d-ªp.
H³]Xmw JÞw
bYm tkmay a[p a[p IrtXm \nkvXnjvT
´n \m\m-Xy-bm\mw hr£mWmw c
km³ ka-h-lmc ta IrXmw ckm³
Ka-b´n; tX bYm X{X\ hnthIw e`
t´ apjymlw hr£-ky-ktcm fkvanXn;
Gh-tah Jep-tkm-ayamx kÀhmx
{]Pmx kXn k¼Zy \ hnZpx kXn
k¼Zy al CXn.
AÃtbm kuaym, tX\o- ¨ - I Ä a[p XmÂ]- c y-
t¯mSpIqSn \njv]m-Zn¨p \m\m-K-Xn-I-fmb hr£-§-fpsS
ck-§sf GIo-Ic - n-¨n«v Hs¶-¶pÅ AhØ {]m]n-¸n-
¡pt¶m A{]-Imcw B ck-§Ä B a[p-hn Rm³ C¶
hr£-¯ nsâ ck-am-Ip-¶ p. hnth-N n-¨n-«pÅ Úm\w
e`n¡p-¶n-Ã. kuaym, C§-s\-Xs¶ Cu {]P-Is - fÃmw
k¯n GIo-`-hn¨p k¯n GIo-`-hn-¡p¶p F¶v \mw
Adn-bp- ¶n- Ã .
X Cl hymt{Lm-hmknw tlm hm hrtIm
hm hcmtlm hmIo tSm hm ]Xw
tKm hm Zwtim hm aitIm hm bZy
Zv`´n XZm-`-h´n
AhÀ Cu temI-¯n hym{Lm-tam, lwk-tam, sN¶m-
tbm, hcm-ltam, IoStam ]mätbm Cu¨-tbm, sImXp-tIm,
GsXÃmw Bbn- ¯o-cp-¶pthm Xncn-¨p- h¶v AsXÃmw Xs¶-
bm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
N P
k b Gtjm fWnssa, XmZm-ß-anZw K
kÀhw XXv, kXyw k Bßm XXv Xz
akn tizX tItXm CXn-`qb Gh,
am `K-hm³ hnÚm-]-b-XznXn XYm
tkmtay Xntlm hmN
PK-¯nsâ aqe-amb Cu AWpXzw GtXm, Cu PK-
s¯Ãmw AXm- Ip¶ Bßm-thm- Sp-Iq-Snb Ah-Ø-bm-Ip-¶p.
AXp- Xs¶ kXy-am- bn-«p-Å-Xm- Ip-¶p. AXp- Xs¶ PK- ¯nsâ
Bßm- hm-Ip-¶p. AÃtbm tizX-tI-tXm, AXp \obm-Ip-¶p.
F¶v BcpWn ]d-ªp. ]qPy-\mb A§v ho­pw F\n¡p
a\-Ên-em-¡n- ¯-cnI F¶v tizX-tIXp At]-£n-¨p. kuaym,
A§-s\- bm- Is« F¶v D±m-e- I³ ]d-ªp.
]¯mw JÞw
Camx tkmay, \`yx ]pc-kvXm {]mNyx
kyµt´; ]ÝmXv {]mXoNyx Xmx
kap-{ZmXv kap-{Z-ta-hm-]n-b´n; k k
ap{Z Gh `hXn Xm bYm X{X \
hnZp-cnb al-a-kvaob al-a-kvXoXn
Gh-tah Jep tkmtayamx kÀhmx
{]Pmx kX BKay \ hnZpx k
X BK-Ñm-al CXn
AÃtbm kuaym, Cu Ing-t¡m«p t]mIp¶ \Zn-IÄ
Ingt¡ Zn¡n-te¡v Hgp-Ip-¶p. ]Sn-ªm-tdm«p t]mIp-¶h
]Sn-ªm-tdm«v Hgp-Ip-¶p. Ah kap-{Z-¯n \n¶p-­mbn
kap-{Z-¯n¯s¶ ebn-¡p-¶p. AXv kap{Zw Xs¶- bm-bn-
¯o-cp-¶p. B \Zn-IÄ F§n-s\-bmtWm Rm³ C¶ \Zn-
bm-Ip¶p Rm³ C¶-\-Zn-bm-Ip¶p F¶v Ah Adn-bp-¶n-
Ãm. Cu {]P-I-sfÃmw k¯n \n¶p h¶n«v \mw k¯nÂ
\n¶p hcp¶p F¶v Adn-bp-¶n-Ã.
X C l hymt{Lm hm knwtlm hm
hrtIm hm hcmtlm hm IotSm hm
]Xw ftKm hm aitIm hm bZyZv
`h´n XZm-`-h´n
k b Gtjm f Wn ssaX-Zm-ßy-anZw
kÀhw XXv kXyw k Bßm XXv
Xzakn tizX tItXm CXn `qb
Gh am `K-hm³ hnÚm-]mb
XznXn XYm tkymtayXn tlmhmN
X Cl hymt{Lmhm CXym-Xn-bpsS hymJym\w ap¼n-e-
t¯-t¸mse Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. ]nXm-hsâ hN\w tI«-Xn-\p-
 252
I tijw tizX-tIXp ]d-ªp, temI-¯nÂ, Pe-¯nÂ, hoNn-
X-cw-Kw, t^\w, _pZv_pZw apX-em-bh D­m-Ip-Ibpw Imc-
W-cq]w {]m]n¨p \in-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. F¶m Poh-
§Ä Znhkw tXmdpw kpjp-]vXn-bn-epw, ac-W-¯n-epw, {]f-
b-¯nepw AXnsâ Imc-W-¯nsâ Ah-Øsb {]m]n-¨p-
sIm-­ n-c p-¶n«pw \in-¡ m-Xn-c n-¡ p-¶-X -§n-s \-b m-W ¶v
Zrãm´w sIm­v F\n¡p ImWn-¨p-X-cWw CXp tI«p
]nXmhv A§s\ BIs« F¶p k½-Xn-¨p.
]Xn- s \m¶mw JÞw
Aky tkmay altXm hr£ky tbm
aqte f`yml-\ym-Öo-h³ {kth-Xv,
tbmat[y f`yml-\ym-Öo-h³ {kth-Xv,
tbm ft{K f`ym l\ym-Öo-h³ {kth-Xv,
k Gj Poh\m ffß\m f\p {]`qXx
t]]o-b-amt\m tamZ-amt\m kvXnjvTXn
AÃtbm kuaym, Cu al-¯mb hr£-¯nsâ aqe-
¯n Bsc-¦nepw sh«p-I-bm-W-¦n Pohn-¨n-cp¶ Id Hen-
¡pw. Bsc-¦nepw a[y-¯n sh«p-I-bm-W-¦n Pohn-¨n-
cp¶v Id H-en¡pw. Bsc-¦nepw Aä¯v sh«p-I-bm-W-¦nÂ
Pohn-¨n-cp¶p Id Hen-¡pw. A§-s\-bpÅ Cu hr£w
Poh-\m-Ip¶ Bßm-hn-\m A\p-hym-]vX-am-bn«v ]m\w
sNbvXp-sIm­v tamZn-¨p-\n-ev¡p-¶p.
Aky-b-tZImw imJmw Pothm Plm
XyY km ipjyXn; ZznXobmw PlmXy
Y km ipjyXn; XrXobmw Clm-XyY
kmip-jyXn; kÀhw PlmXn kÀhx ipjyXn
Cu hr£-¯nsâ Hcp imJ Poh³ Ft¸mÄhn-Sp-
¶pthm At¸mÄ B imJ DW-§p-¶p. c­m-as¯
imJsb Ft¸mÄ hnSp-¶pthm At¸mÄ AXv DW-§p-¶p.
apgp-h³ hr£- s¯-¯s¶ Ft¸mÄ hnSp- ¶pthm At¸mÄ
apgp-h³ hr£hpw DW-§n-t¸m-Ip-¶p.
Gh-tah Jep tkmay, hn²oXn
tlm hmN Pohm-t]Xw hmh
InteZw {anb-tX, \ Pothm {]nbX
CXn. k b Gtjmf Wnssa XZmßy
anZw kÀhw XÕ-Xyw, k Bßm, XXv
Xzakn tizX-tI-tXm, CXn `qb Gh
am `K-hm³ hnÚm-]-b-XznXn XYm
tkmayXn tlmhmN
AÃtbm tkmaym, CXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ Poh- \m hnap-à-
amb Cu icocw Xs¶ acn-¡p-¶p. Po-h³ acn-¡p-¶p-Ã.
F¶v Adnbq F¶v D±m-e-I³ ]d-ªp. Poh³ \nXy-am-Ip-
N P
¶p. PK-¯nsâ aqe-amb ks¯¶p ]d-bp¶ AWp-`m-h- K
ta-tXm, AXp Cu PK-¯nsâ FÃmw Bßm-hm- bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
AXp kXy-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AÃtbm tizX-tI-tXm, AXp \o
Xs¶-bm-Ip- ¶p. ]nXmhv ]d- ª-Xp-tI« tizX-tIXp ]d-ªp.
AXy-´- Øq-ehpw \ma-cq-]-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xpamb PK¯v
AXy´w kq£va-hpw \ma-cq] cln- -hp-amb k¯n \n¶v
D­m-Ip-¶-sX-§n-s\-sb¶v F\n¡p a\-Ên-em-¡n-¯-c-Ww.
A§n-s\-bm-Is« F¶v D±m-e-I³ ]d-ªp.
]{´­mw JÞw
\yt{Km-[-^-e-aX Bl-tc-Xn. CZw `K
h CXn. `nµv[oXn `n¶w `Kh CXn
Ina{X ]iy koXn. AWzy Cth am
[m\m `Kh CXn. Bkmaw ssKImw
`nMv[o-Xn. `n¶w `Kh CXn. Ina{X
]iy-koXn \Inw N \ `Kh CXn
\y t{Im[-¯nsâ (t]-cm-en-sâ) Hcp ^ew sIm­p-h-cq.
F¶v D±m-e-I³ ]d-ªp. AXp s]m«n¡p ]nXmhv Bh-iy-
s¸-«p. AXp s]m«n-¨p. `K-hm-t\, At¸mÄ ChnsS \o F´p-
Im-Wp¶p? F¶p ]nXmhv tNmZn-¨p. hfsc sNdnb _oP-
§Ä ImWp¶p F¶v ]p{X³ D¯cw ]d-ªp. FtSm Ch-
bn H¶p s]m«n¡q F¶p ]nXmhp ]d-ªp. s]m«n-¨p. `K-
hmt\ F¶p-¯-chpw ]d-ªp. CXn F´mWp ImWp-¶-
sX¶ D±m- e- I³ tNmZn-¨p. H¶pw ImWp- ¶nà `K- hmt\ F¶v
D¯cw ]d-ªp.
Xw tlmhmN:þ bw ssh tkmssay
X aWn-am\w \ \n `me-bk GXky
ss]tkm ssay tjm fWnav\ Ghw
alm³ \yt{Km[ kvXnjvTXn; {i²
Õz tkmtay-Xn.
Btiz-X- tI-Xp-hn-t\mSv ]nXmhp ]dªp: \o GX-Wn-am-
hn-s\-bmtWm ImWm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶Xv kuaym, Cu AWn-am-
hnsâ Imcy-ambn Cu hep-Xmb t]cm acw D­m-bn-\n-
ev¡p-¶p. AÃ-tbm, kuaym, {i²n-¡q.
k b Gtjm fWn ssa, XZm-ßy-anZw kÀhw,
XÕXyw k Bßm, X¯z-akn tizX
tItXm CXn, `qb Gh am `K-hm³
hnÚm-]-b-XznXn XYm tkmtayXn tlm hmN.
PK-¯nsâ aqe-amb Cu AWpXzw GtXm AXv Cu
PK-s¯Ãmw Bßm-thmSp IqSn-b-Xnsâ Ah-Ø -bm-Ip-¶p.
AXv kXy-am-bn-«p-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p. AXp PK-¯nsâ Bßm-hm-
Ip-¶p. AXv \obm-Ip-¶p. ]qPy-\mb A§v ho­pw F\n¡p
a\-Ên-em-¡n-¯-cq. k¯mWv PK-¯nsâ aqe-sa-¦n {]Xy-
£- ambn Adn- bm-¯Xv F´p-sIm-­mWv? kuaym, A§ns\
BIs« F¶v ]nXmhv ]d-ªp.
 253
I ]Xn-aq¶mw JÞw
eh-W-ta-X-Zp-Z-tIy-h[m bY am {]mXcp
]ko-ZYm CXn kXYm NImc Xw
tlmhmN þþ bt±mjm ehW apZtI?
hm[m A§vK XZm-lt- cXn X²m-h-arþ
iy \ hnthZ bYm; hneo-\-tah
Cu eh- Ws¯ shÅ-¯n C«n«v cmhnse Fsâ ASp-
¯p-h-cq. F¶p ]nXmhp ]d-ª p. tizX-tIXp AXp-t]mse
sNbvXp. Ah-t\mSp ]nXmhv ]d-ªp. cm{Xn-bn GXp
ehWw \o shÅ-¯n C«p-thm, AXv FSp-¯p-sIm-­p-
hcq F¶v B eh-Ws¯ t\m¡n ]d- ªp. AXv ap¼v F§n-
s\-bn-cp-¶pthm A§ns\ I­n-Ã. AXv shÅ-¯n Aen-
ªp-t]m-bn-cp-¶p.
A§vKm-kym-´m-Zm-Nm-taXn IY-anXn
eh-W-anXn a[ym-Zm-Nm-taXn IY-anXn
A´m-Zm-Nm-taXn IY-anXn eh-W-anXn
A`n-{]m-ssky-X-ZY tam]-ko-ZYm CXn
X² XYm NImc XÑ-izXv kwhÀ¯
tX Xw tlmhmN A{X-hmh Ine k
Xv tkmay \ \n`m-eb - tk? ss{Xh-In-te-Xn.
AÃtbm hÕm, Cu Pe-¯nsâ apIÄ`m-K¯p \n¶v
BN-an-¡q. F¶p ]nXmhv ]d-ªp. F§ns\ Ccn-¡p¶p
F¶p tNmZn-¨p. D¸p- c-k-ap­v F¶v ]p{X³ adp-]Sn ]d-ªp.
a[y-¯nÂ\n¶v BN-an¡q F¶p ]d-ªp. F§n-s\-bn-cn-
¡p¶p F¶p tNmZn- ¨p. D¸p-c- k-ap­v adp-]Sn ]d-ªp. ASn-
bnÂ\n-¶m-N-an¡q CXn-\p- tisj F§n-s\-bn-cn-¡p¶p
F¶p ]nXmhp tNmZn-¨-t¸mÄ D¸p ck-ap­v F¶p ]p{X³
D¯cw ]d-ªp. Cu ehWw If-ªn«v Fsâ Acn-InÂ
hcq. F¶p ]nXmhv ]d-ªp. ]nXmhp ]dª-Xpt]mse
tizX-tIXp sNbvXp B ehWw FÃm-bvt]mgpw DÃ-Xmbn
Ccn-¡p¶p F¶p ]d-ªp. Ah-t\mSp ]nXmhv ]d-ªp.
kubm C§-s \-X s¶ Cu ico-c -¯ n¯-s ¶-b pÅ
k¯ns\ \o ImWp-¶n-Ã. Cu ico-c¯ - n¯s¶ thsd
D]mbw sIm­v AXns\ \n\¡p {]Xy-£-am-¡mw.
k b Gtjm fWn ssa XZm-ßy-anZw
kÀhw XXv kXyw, k Bßm, XXv
Xzakn tizX-tI-tXm, CXn. `qb
Gham `K-hm³ hnÚm-h-b-XznXn
PK-¯nsâ aqe-amb Cu AWp-Xzw, Cu PK-s¯Ãmw
CXm-Ip¶ Bßm-thm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xnsâ Ah-Ø-bm-Ip-¶p.
AXp-Xs¶ kXy-am-b n«pÅXm-I p-¶p. AXp-Xs¶ PK-
¯nsâ Bßmhv BIp-¶p. AÃtbm tizX-tIXp AXp \o
Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. ]qPy-\mb A§v ho­pw F\n¡v a\-Ên-
N P
em-¡n-¯-cpI F¶v tizX-tIXp At]-£n-¨p. kuaym, K
A§s\ BIs« F¶v D±m-e-I³ A\p-h-Zn-¨p.
]Xn-¶ memw JÞw
bYm tkmay, ]pcpjw KÔm-tc-t`ymf`n
\²m-£-am-\ob Xw XtXm fXnPt\
hnkr-tPXv; k bYm X{X {]m§v thm
Z§v hm f[cm§v hm {]Xy§v hm {]
- m£ B\otXm fZn\
[vambo-Xm-`n-\²
²mt£m hnkrãx
Xky bYm f`n\-l\w {]apNy {]{_q-bm,
tZXmw Zniw KÔmcm GXmw Zniw
{]tPXn k{Km-amZv {Kmaw ]rѳ ]ÞntXm
ta[mho KÔm-cmt\ thm]-k-¼t- ZyX;
Gh-ta-t]lm ffNmÀ¿-hm³ ]pcptjm thZ;
Xky Xmh-tZh Nncw bmh¶ hntamt£yf
Y kXv k¼tÕy CXn.
AÃtbm kuaym, F{]-Imcw Hcp ]pcp-js\ KÔm-c-tZ-
i-¯nÂ\n¶v A`n-\-²m-£- \m-bn-sIm­v h¶p Ahs\ P\-
§-fn-Ãm-¯n-S¯p hn«p. Ah³ Ing-t¡m«v apJ-amtbm hS-
t¡m«v apJ-amtbm sXt¡m«p apJ- amtbm ]Sn-ªm-tdm«p apJ-
amtbm Rm³ I®p-sI-«n-b-h-\m-bn-sIm-­p-h-¶p. I®p-IÄ
sI«n-b- h-\mbn hnkÀÖn- ¡-s¸- «p. i_vZ-ap-­m-¡-s¸-Sp- ¶Xv
F§n-s\-bm-tWm, Ahsâ I®p sI«n-bXp hnSÀ¶n-bn«v
Cu Zn¡n-emWv KmÔm-c-tZ-iw, Cu Zn¡n-te¡p t]mhpI
F¶p ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. ]Þn-X\pw,
_p²n-am\w Bb Ah³ tNmZn¨v Hcp {Kma-¯nÂ\n¶pw
asämcp {Kma-¯n-se¯n KmÔm-c-tZ-i¯p Xs¶ sN¶p-tN-
cpw. CXp-t]mse ChnsS BNm-cy-\pÅ ]pcp-j³ Adn-bp-
¶p. Ah³ Ft¸mÄ hsc, Ahsâ ico-cs¯ hnSp-¶-Ã-
tbm, AXp-hsc am{Xta Xma-k-ap-Åq. icocw hnSp-t¼mÄ
k¯n GIo-`-hn-¡p-¶p.
k b Gtjm fWnssa XZm-ßy-anZw
kÀhw XXv kXyw k Bßm XXv
Xzakn tizX tItXm, CXn `qb
Gh am `K-hm³ hnÚm-]-b-XznXn
XYm tkmtayXn tlmhmN
PK-¯nsâ aqeamb AWpXzw Bßm-thmSp IqSn-b-
Xnsâ Ah-Ø-bm-Ip-¶p. AXp-Xs¶ kXy-am-bn-«p-Å-Xm-Ip-
¶p. AXp- Xs¶ PK- ¯nsâ Bßm-hm-Ip- ¶p. AÃtbm tizX-
tIXm AXp \o Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. ]qPy-\mb A§v ho­pw
F\n¡p ]d- ªp- X-¶m- epw. kuaym, A§s\ BIs« F¶v
D±m-e-I³ ]d-ªp.
 254
I ]Xn-\©mw JÞw
]pcpjw tkmtaym ]Xm-]n\w ÚmXbx
]À¿-]m-ktX Pm\mkn amw, Pm\m
kn aman-Xn, Xky bmh¶ hm§v
a\kn k¼Zy tX, a\x {]mtW,
{]mWpkvtX Pkn, tXPx ]ckymw
tZh-Xm-bmw, Xmh-Öm-\m-Xn.
AÃtbm kuaym, Pzcw apX-emb kpJ- -t¡Sp ]nSn¨p
acn-¡p-hm³ t]mIp¶ ]pcp-js\ _Ôp-¡Ä Fs¶ Adn-
bp-t¶m, Fs¶ Adn-bpt¶m F¶p tNmZn¨p sIm­v Npän-
¡q-Sp-¶p. GXp-hsc Ahsâ hm¡v a\- Ên- epw, a\Êv {]mW-
\n-epw, {]mW³ tXP-Ênepw tXPÊp]c-bmb tZh-X-bnepw
GIo-`h - n-¡p-¶n-Ãtbm AXp-hsc Ah³ Adn-bp-¶p.
AY Zm fky hm§v a\kn kw]Zy
tX, a\x {]mtW {]mW-kvtX-P-kn, tX
Px ]ckymw tZh-Xmb aY \ Pm\mXn.
Ft¸mÄ Cu acn-¡p-hm³ InS-¡p-¶-hsâ hm¡v a\-
Ênepw a\Êv {]mW-\n-epw, {]mW³ tXP-Ênepw tXPÊv
]c-bmb tZh-X-bn-epw, GIo-`-hn-¡p-¶pthm At¸mÄ Adn-
bp-¶n- Ã .
k b Gtjm fWnssaX-Zmßy anZw
kÀhw, XXv kXyw k Bßm, XXv
Xzakn tizX-tItXm CXn `qb Gh
am `K-hm³ hnÚm-]b XznXn XYm
tkmtay-Xn tlmhmN
PK-¯nsâ aqe-amb AWpXzw BßmthmSpIq-Sn-b-
Xnsâ Ah-Ø-bm-Ip-¶p. AXp-Xs¶ kXy-am-bn-«p-ÅXv
BIp-¶ p. AXp-s Xs¶ PK-¯ nsâ Bßm-h m-I p-¶ p.
AÃtbm tizX tItXm, AXv \o Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. ]qPy-\mb
A§v ho­pw F\n¡v a\-Ên-em- ¡n-¯cq F¶v tizX-tIXp
At]-£n¨p kuaym A§s\ BIs« D±m-e-I³ ]d-ªp.
]Xn-\ mdmw JÞw
]pcpjw tkmtaymX lkvX KrloX
am\-b´y hlmÀjnXv kvtXb-a-ImÀjo-Xv,
]c-ipa kvssa X]-tX-Xn. k bZn
Xky IÀ¯m `hXn XX Ghm-\r-Xam
ßm\w Ipcp-tX, tkm f\rXm`n ktÔm
f\rtX \m ffßm\-a-´À²mb ]cipw
X]vXw {]Xn-Kr-lvWmXn k ZlytXfY
l\ytX
N P
AÃtbm kuaym, Hcp ]pcp-js\ _²-l-kvX-\mbn cmP- K
]p-{X- ·mÀ sIm­p- h-¶p. Ch³ [\w A]-l-cn-¨p. tamjWw
sNbvXp. Ch-\p-th­n agp ]gp-¸n-¡p-hn³ F¶p ]d-ªp.
Ah³ tamjW IÀ¯m- hm-Ip¶p F¦n AXn-\m Xs¶
Ah- \ - h ³ Ak-X y-\ m- ¡ p- ¶ p. A\r- X - \ mb A`n-k -
ÔntbmSpIq-Snb Ah³, A\rXw sIm­v Ah-\-hs\ adn-
¨n«v ]gp¯ agp-hm-§p-¶p. Ah³ Zln-¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ
l\n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p.
AY bZn Xkym IÀ¯m `h-Xn, XX
Gh kXyam ßm\w Icp-tX, kk
Xym`n-kÔx ktXy\m ffßm\ a´
À²mtb ]cipw X]vXw {]Xn KrlvWm
Xn, k\ ZlytX f Y apNytX
Ah³ B tamj-W-¯nsâ AIÀ¯m-hmWv F¦nÂ
AXn-\m¯s¶ Ah-\-hs\ kXy-ap- Å- h- \m¡n sN¿p- ¶p.
kXy-amb A`n-k-Ôn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb Ah³ kXyw sIm­v
Ah-\-hs\ adn-¨n«v ]gp¯ agp hm§p-¶p. Ah³ thhp-
¶n- Ã. A\-´cw tamNn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p.
]gp¯ agp- h n\pw ssI¯- e - ¯ n\pw X½n- e pÅ
kwtbmKw c­p t]À¡pw Xpey-am-W-¦nepw tamãn-¨-hsâ
ssI thhp-Ibpw atä-hsâ ssI thhm-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN
¿p-¶p.
k bYm X{X \mZm tlyX, sFXZm
ßy anZw kÀhw XXv kXyw k Bßm,
XXv Xzakn tizX-tI-tXm, CXn X
²mky hnP-Úm-hn-Xn, hnPÚmhnXn.
kXy-¯n A`n-k-Ôn-b p-Å -h³ F{]-Im-c -amtWm
X]vX-]-c-ip- {K-lWw sN¿p- t¼mÄ Zln-¡m- Xn-cn- ¡p-¶-Xv, AXv
C§-s\-bm-Ip-¶p. Bßm-thmSp IqSn-b-Xnsâ AhØ PK-
¯nsâ aqeamb Aap-Xz-am-Ip-¶p. AXp-Xs¶ PK-¯nsâ
Bßm-hm-Ip-¶p. AXp-Xs¶ kXy-am-bn-«p-Å -Xm-Ip-¶ p.
AÃtbm tizX-tI- tXm, AXp \o Xs¶- bm- hp-¶p. ]nXm-hnsâ
Cu hN\w tizX-tIXp a\-Ên-em-¡n.
hnIm- cq-]-amb A\r- X- ¯n DÅ A`n- k- Ôn-bm D­m-
Ip¶ Pohm-ß- hn-Úm-\s¯ \nÀh-¯n-¸n-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv XXv
Xzakn F¶pÅ hmIyw. AXnsâ hni-Zo-I-cWw Cu
A²ym-b-¯n-epÄs¡m-Å p-¶p.
Ggmw A²ymbw
H¶mw JÞw
Aioln `Kh CXn tlm]-k-km-Z-k\ - Â
Ipamcw \mcZx Xw tlmhmN:þ btZz°
tX\ tam]-ko-Z, XXkvX DuÀ²w h£ymaoXn
 255
I \mc-Z³ `K-hmt\ A²y-b\w sN¿n-¨mepw F¶pÅ
a{´w sIm­v k\ÂIp-am-cs\ D]-k-Zn¨p. At±-l-t¯mSp
k\ Ipam-c³ ]d- ªp. At§¡v F´- dn- bm- tam, AXns\
shfn-s¸-Sp-¯n-s¡m­v Fs¶ D]-k-Zn-¡q. AXn-\p-taÂ
Rm³ ]d-ªp-Xm-cw.
ktlm-hmN:þ EtKzZw `K-thm-ft[yan;
bPqÀth-Zw, kma-th-Z-am-YÀhWw NXpÀ
°, anXn-lmk ]pcm-Ww, ]©-aw, th
Zm\mw thZw, ]n{Xyw, cminw, ssZhw,
\n[nw, hm tIm hmIy, taIm-b\w, tZ
h hnZymw, {_Ò hnZymw, £{X-hnZymw,
\£-{X-hnZymw, kÀ¸-tZ-h-\-hnZym
taXXv `Kthm ft[yan
\mc-Z³ ]d-ªp. `K-hms\ EtKzZw F\n-¡-dn-bmw.
bPqÀth-Zw, kma-th-Zw, \mem-a-t¯ thZ-amb AYÀhw,
CXn-lmk ]pcm- W- §Ä A©m-as¯ thZ-amb `mcXw thZ-
§-fpsS thZ-amb hymI-c-Ww, {i²-Iev]w KWn-Xw, DÂ]m-
X-Ú m\w \n[n-im-kv{Xw, XÀ¡-imkv{Xw \oXn-imkv{Xw
\ncp-àw, in£, Iev]w, Oµ-Ýn-Xn, `qX-X{´w [\pÀthZw
PyuXn-jw, kÀ¸-hn-Zy, tZh- P\ hnZy þþ CsXÃmw `K-hms\
F\n-¡-dn-bmw.
tkm flw `K-thm, a{´-hn-tZhm kvan;
\m ffßhnXv; {ipXw tlyh ta `K-hZv
Kr-ti`y kvXcXn timI-amß hnZnXn;
tkm flw `Khx timNman; Xw am
`K-hm³ timIky ]mcw Xmc-b-XznXn
Xw tlmhmN:þ bssZz Inw ssN XZ[y
KojvTm-\mssa ssh XXv
AÃtbm `K-hm-t\, A§s\ DÅ Rm³ a{´- hn-¯p-am-
{Xsa BIp-¶p-Åp. Bß-hn-¯-\-Ã. Fs´-¶m Bß-
hn¯v timIs¯ XcWw sN¿p-¶p. `K-hm-s\-t¸m-se-bp-
Åhcn \n¶v tI«- dnhv F\n¡v XoÀ¨- bm-bp-ap- ­v. `Km-ht\
A§-s\-bpÅ Rm³ timNn-¡p-¶p. A§s\ DÅ Fs¶
`K-hm³ timI-¯nsâ A¡c IS-¯n-bm-epw. At±-l-
t¯mSp k\Â Ipam-c³ ]d-ªp. A§v Cu ]Tn-¨n-«p-ÅXv
GsX-Ãmtam CXv \maw am{X- am-Ip-¶p.
\ma hm EtKz-tZm, bPqÀthZx kmath
Z, AYÀh-W-ip-XpÀXvj CXn-lmk ]pcm
Wx ]©-tam, thZm\mw thZx, ]n
t{Xym cmin, Àss±thm, \n[n, ÀhmtIm
hmIy, taIm-b-\w, tZh-hn-Zym, {_Òhn
Zym, `qX-hnZym £Xv {Xhn-Zym, \£{X
hnZym, kÀ¸-tZh P\ hnZym \m ssa
sshXXv; \mtam ]mtÊzXn
N P
K
EtKzZw \ma-a m- I p-¶ p. bPqÀth-Z w, kma- t h-Z w,
AYÀhWsa¶ \me-ams¯ thZw CXn-lm-k] - p-cmWw
A©m-as¯ thZ-amb `mc- Xw, thZ- §-fpsS thZ-amb hymI-
cWw {i²m-I-ev]w, KWn-Xw, DÂ]m-Z-imkv{Xw, \n[n-im-
kv{Xw, XÀ¡-im-kv{Xw, \oXn-im-kv{Xw, \ncp-àw, in£,
Iev]w Oµ-Ýn-Xn, `pX-X{´w [\pÀthZw PyuXn-jw, kÀ¸-
hn-Zy, tZh- P-\-hnZy CsXÃmw \maw Xs¶-bm-Ip- ¶p. \mas¯
D]m-kn-¡q.
k tbm \ma {_tÒ-Xyp-]m-kvtX, bmh¶m
avt\m KXw X {Xmky bYm Ima
Ntcm `hXn tbt¶ma {_tÒ-Xyp]m
kvtX, BkvXn `Kthm \mavt\m `qb
CXn. \mavt\m hmh `qtbm fkvXoXn,
Xt· `K-hm³ {_ho-XznXn
BcmtWm \mas¯ {_Ò-sa-¶p-sh¨v D]m-kn-¡p-¶Xv
Ah\v GXp-hsc \ma-¯nsâ tKmN-c-apt­m AhnSw hsc
Cãw t]mse-bpÅ k©mcw kn²n-¡p-¶p. `K-hmt\ \ma-
t¯-¡mÄ IqSn-bXv Fs´-¦n-ep-apt­m F¶p \mc-Z³
tNmZn-¨p. \ma-t¯-¡mÄ IqSp-bXv D­v F¶p k\ÂIp-am-
c³ ]d-ªp. AXp `K-hm³ F\n¡p ]dªp X¶mepw
F¶p \mc-Z³ At]-£n- ¨p.
c­mw JÞw
hmKzm h\mavt\m `qb-ko, hmKzm
EtKzZw hnÚm-]-b-Xn, bPqÀth-Zw,
kma-th-Z, aYÀhWw NXpÀ°, anXn-lmk ]p
cmWw, ]©-aw, thZm-\mw, thZw, ]n{Xyw,
cminw, ssZhw, \n[nw, hmtIm hmIy, ta
Imb-\w, tZh-hn-Zymw, {_Ò-hnZymw `qX-hnZymw
£{X-hn-Zymw, \£-{X-hn-Zymw, kÀ¸tZ-h-P-\-
hn-Zymw, Znhw N, ]rYnhow N, hmbqw Nff
Imiw Nm ]Ý tXP-Ý, tZhmw-Ý, a\p
jymwÝ, ]ipwÝ hbmw-kn-N, XrW-h-\kv]
XoRv; izm]-Zm\ym IoS-]n-]o-en-Iw, [À½w
Nm [À½w N, kXyw Nm \rXw N, km[p
Nm km[p-N, lrZ-bÚw Nm lrZ-b-Úw N,
bssZz-hm§v \m`-hn-jy¶ [Àt½m, \[À
t½m hyÚm-]-bn-jy´ kXyw \m\r-Xw,
\ km[p, \m km[p \ \ lrZ-btÚm
\m lrZ-b-tÚm, hmtK ss]XXv kÀhw
hnÚm-] -bXn hmN-ap-]m-tÊzXn
 256
I hmKn-{µnbw \ma-t¯-¡mÄ A[n-IX - -c-am-Ip-¶p. hm¡m
Wv EtKz-Z-t¯bpw bPq-th-Z-t¯bp kma-th-Zt¯bpw
AYÀh-W-sa¶p ]d-bp¶ \mem-as¯ thZ-t¯bpw CXn-
lmk ]pcm-Wt- ¯-bpw, A©m-as¯ thZ-amb `mc-X-
t¯bpw thZ-§-fpsS thZ-amb hymI-c-Wt- ¯-bpw, {im²-
I-ev]-t¯-bpw, KWn-X-t¯bpw DÂ]m-X-im-kv{X-t¯-bpw,
\n[n imkv{X-t¯-bpw, XÀ¡- im-kv{X- t¯- bpw, \oXn-im- k{v X-
t¯-bpw, \ncp-à-t¯- bpw, in£, Iev]w, Oµ-ØnXn Ch-
tbbpw `qX-X-{´-t¯bpw [\pÀth-Z-t¯bpw tPymXn-j-
t¯bpw kÀ¸-hn- Zy, thZ-P-\-hnZy Ch-tbbpw tZymhn-t\bpw
]r-Yn-hn-tbbpw hmbp-hn-t\bpw BIm-i-t¯bpw A¸p-I-
tf-bpw, tXP-Ên-t\-bpw, tZh-·m-tcbpw a\p-jy-tcbpw ]ip-
¡-tf-bpw, ]£n-It- f-bpw, irW-§-tf-bpw, hr£-§- tfbpw
IoS-§Ä ]XwK-§Ä, ]n]o-en-II - Ä Ch-h-tc-bp-ÅX - n-t\-
bpw, [À½-t¯- bpw, A[À½-t¯- bpw, kXy-t¯-bpw, Ak-
Xy-t¯bpw km[p-hm-bn-«pÅXnt\bpw Akm-[p-hm-bn-«p-Å-
Xn-t\-bpw, lrZ-b-{]n-b-am-bp-Å-Xn-t\bpw AÃm-¯-Xn-t\bpw
Adn-bn-¡p-¶Xv hm¡v D­m-bn-cp-¶n-sÃ-¦n [À½-hpw,
A[À½-hpw, kXyhpw Ak-Xyhpw km[phpw Akm- [p-hpw,
lrZ-b-{]n-b-am-bn-«p-ÅXpw AÃm-¯Xpw Adn-bn-¡-s¸-Sp-I-bn-
Ãm-bn-cp-¶p. hm¡p-X s¶ CXn-s \-sbÃmw Adn-b p-¶p.
hm¡ns\ D]m-kn-¡q.
ktbm hmNw {_tÒXyp ]mkvtX, bmh
ZzmtNm-KXw X{Xmky bYm Ima
Nmtcm `h-Xn. tbmhmNw {_tÒ
Xyp]m-kvtX, BkvXn-`-Kthm hmtNm `qb
CXn. hmtNm hmh `qtbmf kvXnXn
Xt· `K-hm³ {_ho-XznXn
A§s\ BcmtWm hm¡ns\ {_Ò-sa-¶p-h¨v D]m-kn-
¡p-¶Xv Ah\p GXp-hsc hm¡n\p Ka-\-am-bn-«pt­m Ahn-
sS-hsc Cãw t]mse-bpÅ k©mcw kn²n-¡p-¶p. `K-hm-
t\, hm¡n-t\-¡mÄ A[n-I-X-c-am-bn-«p-ÅXv Dt­m? F¶p
\mc-Z³ tNmZn-¨p. hm¡n-t\-¡mÄ A[n-I-X-c-am-bn-«p-ÅXv
D­v. F¶v k\ÂIp-am-c³ D¯cw ]d-ªp. AXns\ F\n
¡p `Km-h³ ]d-ªp-X-¶mepw F¶v \mc-Z³ At]-£n-¨p.
aq¶mw JÞw
at\m hmh hmtNm `qtbm, bYm ssh
tZzhm ffae tItZz-hm-tIm-te, Zz\ hm
£u apãn-c\p `h-tXyhw hmNw N
\ma N at\mf\p `hXn; kb Zma
\km a\-kyXn a{´-m\-[o-bo-tb-Xy-YmYo
tX; IÀ½mWn IpÀhotb XyY IpcptX;
]p{XmwÝ ]ipw-tÝtÑ tbXy-tY-Ñt- X,
Caw N temI aapw tNtÑ-tb-XytY
N P
ÑtX at\m-lym-ßm, at\m lntem tIm K
at\m ln {_Ò, a\ D]m-tÊzXn
a\Êv hm¡n-t\-¡mÄ A[n-I-X-c-am-Ip-¶p. F{]-Im-c-
amtWm c­p s\Ãn- ¡m-tb- tbm, c­p Xm¶n- ¡-tb- tbm, Npcp-
«nb ssI A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶Xv C{]-Imcw hm¡n-t\bpw \ma-
t¯bpw a\Êp hym]n-¡p-¶p. ]pcp-j³ Ft¸mÄ F\n¡p
a{´§sf A²ym-b\w sN¿-W-sa¶v a\-Êp-sIm­v hnh-
£n-¡p-¶p-thm, At¸mÄ A²y-b\w sN¿p-¶p. Ft¸mÄ
F\n¡v IÀ½-§Ä sN¿-W-sa¶v a\-Êp-sIm­v sN¿m-\n-
Ýn-¡p-¶p-thm, At¸mÄ sN¿p-¶p. ]p{X-·m-sc-bpw, ]ip-
¡-tfbpw CÝn-¡-W-sa¶v a\-Êp-sIm­v Ft¸mÄ hnNm-cn-
¡p-¶p-thm, At¸mÄ CÑn-¡p-¶p. Cu temI-t¯bpw ]c-
tem-à- tXbpw CÑn-¡- W-sa¶v Ft¸mÄ hnNm-cn-¡p- ¶p-thm,
At¸mÄ CÑn-¡p-¶p. Bßmhv a\-Êm-W.v temIw a\-Êm-
Wv. {_Ò a\-Êm-Wv, a\-Êns\ D]m-kn-¡-Ww.
ktbm at\m {_tÒ-Xyp-]mkvtX bmh
·\ tkm KXw X{Xmky bYm Ima
Nmtcm `h-Xn, tbm at\m {_tÒXyp
]mkvtX AkvXn `Kthm a\tÊm `qb
CXn a\tkm hmh-`qtbm fkvXnXn-Xt·
`K-hm³ {_ho-XznXn
a\-Êns\ {_Ò-sa¶p h¨v Bcp D]m-kn-¡p¶pthm
Ah\p GXp-hsc a\-Ên\v Ka- \-apt­m Ahn-sS-hsc
kzmX{´yw kn²n-¡p-¶p. `K-hmt\ a\-Ên-s\-¡mÄ A[n-
I-X-c-am-bn-«p-ÅXv Dt­m F¶p \mc-Z³ tNmZn-¨p. a\-Ên-
t\-¡mÄ A[n-IX - - c-am-bn-«p-ÅXv XoÀ¨-bmbpw D­v F¶v
k\ÂIp-am-c³ ]d-ªp.
\memw JÞw
k¦evt]m hmh a\tkm `qbm³, bZm
ssh k¦-ev]-btXm fY a\-ky-XyY
hmN-ao-c-b-Xn, Xmap-\m-av\o-c-bXn;
\mav\n a{´m GIw `h´n; at{´jp
IÀ½m-W n.
k¦ev]w a\-Ên-t\-¡mÄ A[n-I-X-c-am-Ip-¶p. Ft¸m-
gmtWm k¦-e] v n-¡p-¶-Xv, A\-´cw a\-ky\w F¶ A´x
IcW hym]m-c s¯ sN¿p-¶ p. A\-´ cw hm¡ns\
t{]cWw sN¿p-¶p. hm¡ns\ \ma-¯nsâ hnj-b¯ - nÂ
t{]cWw sN¿p-¶p. \ma-¯n a{´-§Ä AS- §n-bn-cn-¡p-
¶p. a{´-§-fn IÀ½-§Ä A´À`-hn-¡p-¶p.
Xm\n l hm GXm\n k¦-evss]-Imb
\m\n, k¦-ev]m-ß-Im-\n, k¦evt] {]
XnjvTn-Xm-\n. ka-Iv\p-]Xmw Zyhm]r
Ynho, k-¦-evt]Xmw hmbpÝm ffIm
 257

I iw N k¦-ev]´m ff]Ý tXPÝ; ev]-t¯-¡mÄ IqSn-bXv XoÀ¨-bmbpw D­v. AXns\ `K-hm- K

tXjmw kwIv\p]vssXy hÀjw k¦ev] \mb A§v F\n¡p ]d-ªp-X-¶m-epw. F¶p \mc- Z³ At]-
£n-¨p.
tX hÀjky kw Iv\p ]vXym A¶w k¦
ev] tX A¶ky kwIv\p]v ssX {]m
Wmx k¦-ev]t´; {]mWm\mw kwIv\p A©mw JÞw
ss]vXy a{´mx k¦-ev]t´; a{´mWmw Nn¯w hmh k¦-ev]mZv `qtbm, bZmssh
kwIv\p ]vssXy IÀ½mWn k¦-ev]t\; I tNX-btX fY k¦-ev]-b-tX; AY-a-\ky
À½Wmw kwIv\p]vssXy temIx k¦ Xn; AYhm Nao-c-bXn; Xmap-\mav\o
ev]tX; temIky kwIv\p ]vssXy kÀhw cbXn; \ma \na{´m GIw `h´;
k¦-ev]-tX, k Gj k¦ev]x, k¦ev at{´jp IÀ½m-Wn.
]ap-] m-tÊz-Xn.
Nn¯w, k¦-ev]t- ¯-¡mÄ IqSn-b-Xm-Ip-¶p. Ft¸m-
Cu a\Êp apX-em-bh k¦-e] v -am- Ip- ¶p. Htc KXn-tbmSp gmtWm tNX-\-sb¶p ]d-bp¶ hym]mcw D­m-Ip-¶Xv
IqSn-b- hbpw k¦-e] v -kz-cp-]-§fpw k¦-e] v -¯n {]Xn-jTv n- At¸mÄ k¦-e] v n-¡p-¶p. A\-´cw a\-ky\w F¶p ]d-
X- § - f p-a m-I p- ¶ p. tZymhpw ]rYn-h nbpw k¦-e v ] n-¨ p. bp¶ hym]mcw sN¿p-¶p. AXn-\p-tijw hm¡ns\ Cu
hmbphpw BIm-ihpw k¦-ev]n-¨p. A¸p-Ifpw tXPÊpw cWw sN¿p-¶p. B hm¡ns\ \ma-¯n t{]cWw sN¿p-
k¦-ev]n-¨p. Zyphm-]r-Yn-hym-Zn-I-fpsS k¦ev]w \nan¯w ¶p. \ma-¯n a{´- §Ä H¶m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. a{´-§-fnÂ
hÀjw k¦-e] v n-¡p-¶p. hÀj-¯nsâ k¦ev]w \nan¯w IÀ½- §Ä H¶m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
A¶w kaÀ°-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. A¶-¯nsâ k¦ev]w
Xm\n l hm GXm\n Nnss¯ ImbX
\nan¯w {]mW-§Ä kaÀ°-§-fm-b-¯o-cp-¶p. {]mW-§-
fpsS k¦ev]w \nan¯w a{´-§Ä kaÀ°-§-fm-bn-¯o-cp- \m\n Nn¯m-ßm\n Nnt¯ {]Xn-jvTnXm
¶p. a{´-§-fpsS k¦ev]w \nan¯w IÀ½-§Ä kaÀ°- \n; Xkvam-Zy-Zy]n _lp-hn-Z-Nnt¯m `h-Xn,
§-e m-bn-¯ o-c p-¶ p. IÀ½- § -fpsS k¦ev] w \nan¯w \mb-a-kvXotXy ssh\-amlpx bZbw thZ
temIw kaÀ°-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. temI-¯nsâ k¦ev]w bZzm Abw hnZzm³ t\° a Nn¯x
\nan¯w PK¯p apgp-h³ kaÀ°-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Cu
kymZnXn AY bZym-ev]-hn-¨n-¯-hm³ `h-Xn,
k¦ev]w A§-s\- bp-Å-Xm- Wv. AXn- \m k¦-ev]t¯ D]m-
kn-¡-Ww. C\n k¦-evt]m-]m-k-I\v kn²n-¡p¶ ^ew ]d- Xkvam Gthm \ ip{iq-j-t´. Nn¯w
bp-¶p. tly sshjm-taIm bX-\w, Nn¯-am-ßm,
kbx k¦ev]w {_tÒ-Xyp-]m-kvtX, Iv\p Nn¯w {]XnjvTm Nn¯ ap]m-tÊ-Xn.
]vXm³ ssh ktem-Im³ {[phm³ {[phx k¦ev]w apX IÀ½- ^-ew-h-sc- bp-Å-h-sbÃmw Nn¯w
{]Xn-jvTn-Xm³ {]Xn-jvTntXm fhyY-am\m F¶p-Xs¶ Bb-X-am-bn-«p-Åh - -bpw, Nn¯m-ß-I-§epw
Nn¯-¯n {]Xn-jvTn-X- §-fp-am-Ip-¶p. hfsc Adn-hp-Å-h-
\ hyY-amt\m f`nkn-²yXn bmhÕ
\m-W-¦nepw Nn¯-an-Ãm-¯-h-\m-bn-cn-¡p¶p F¦nÂ, Ah³
¦ev]ky KXw X{Xmky bYm-Ima Ntcm CÃ F¶p Xs¶ Chs\ ]d-bp-¶p. Ch³ Adn-bp-¶p-­-
`hXn bx k¦ev]w {_tÒ-Xyp-]mkvtX ¦n-tem, Adn-ªn-«p-Å-h-\m-sW-¦ntem C{]-Imcw Nn¯-an-Ãm-
AkvXn `Khx k¦-ev]mZv `qb CXn. ¯-h-\mbn `h-¡-bn-Ã-sb¶pw ]d-bp-¶p. ]ns¶ Aev]w
k¦ev]m Zzmh `qtbm fkvXoXn. Xt· Adn-hp-Å-h-\m-bn-cn-¡p¶p F¦n Ah³ ]d-bp¶ kwK-
Xn-I-sf-¯s¶ {ihn-¡p-hm³ CÑn-¡p-¶p. Cu k¦-ev]m-Zn-
`K-hm³ {_ho-XznXn
bpsS Htc Bb-X\w Nn¯-am-Ip-¶p. Bßmhp Nn¯-am-Ip-
A§ns\ BcmtWm k¦- e] v s¯ {_Ò-sa-¶p-h¨v D]m- ¶p. {]XnjvT Nn¯-am-Ip-¶p. Nn¯s¯ D]m-kn-¡-Ww.
kn-¡p-¶-Xv, Ah³ Iev]n-¡-s¸-«-h-bmb \nXy-§fpw D]-
k bÝn¯w {_tÒ-Xyp-]mkvtX Nn¯m³
I- c-W-k- ¼-¶-§fpw i{Xp- `bw apX-em-bh CÃm-¯- h-bp-amb
temI-§Ä \nXy-\m-bn«pw Bßo- tbm- ]-I-c-W-§Ä XnI-ª- ssh ktem-Im³ {[phm³ {[phx {]Xn
h-\mbpw hy[n-¡m-¯ -h-\mbpw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. k¦-ev]- jvTnXm³ {]Xn-jvTntXm fhyY-am-\m\hy
¯nsâ tKmNcw GXp-h-s c-bm-tWm, AhnsS Ah\v Yamt\m f`n kn²Xn bmh-¨n-¯ky KXw
kzmX{´yw kn²n-¡p-¶p. `K- hm-t\, k¦-ev]-t¯-¡mÄ IqSn- X{Xmky bYm Ima-Nmtcm `h-Xn, bÝn
b-Xmbn Fs´-¦n-ep-apt­m F¶v \mc-Z³ tNmZn-¨p. k¦-
¯w {_tÒXyp ]mkvtX. AkvXn `K-hÝn
N P
 258

I ¯mZv`qb CXn Nn¯m-Zzmh `qtbmf A§ns\ Bcm-tWm, [ym\s¯ {_Ò-sa¶p IcpXn D]m- K
kvXoXn Xt· `K-hm³ {_ho-XznXn kn-¡p-¶-Xv, Ah\v GXp-h-sc-bmtWm [ym\-¯n\p tKmN-c-
am-bn-«p-ÅXv AhnsS hsc kzmX{´yw kn²n-¡p-¶p. `K-
A§s\ Bcm-tWm, Nn¯s¯ {_Ò-sa¶p h¨v D]m- hms\ [ym\-s¯-¡mÄ IqSn-b-Xmbn Fs´-¦n-ep-apt­m
kn-¡p-¶Xv B Nnt¯m-]m-k-I³ _p²n-amsâ KpW-§- F¶v \mc-Z³ tNmZn-¨p. [ym\-t¯-¡mÄ IqSn-b-Xmbn XoÀ¨-
fmÂ, kar-²-§fpw \nXy-§fpw kÀthm-]-I-c-W-k-¼-¶-§- bmbpw D­v F¶v k\ÂIp- am- c³ D¯cw ]d- ªp. AXns\
fpw, hyY-bn-Ãm-¯-hb - p-a mb temI-§se \nXy-\mbpw `K- hm³ F\n¡p ]dªp Xcq. F¶v \mc-Z³ At]£n- ¨p.
Bßo-tbm-]-I-cW k¼-¶-\mbpw hyY-bn-Ãm-¯-h-\mbpw
{]m]n-¡p-¶p. GXp-h-sc- bmtWm Nn¯-¯n\p tKmN-c-am-bn-
«p-ÅXv AhnsS Ch\v kzmX{´yw D­m-Ip-¶p. `K-hms\ Ggmw JÞw
Nn¯-t¯-¡mÄ A[n-I-X-c-am-bn«p-ÅXv Fs´- ¦n-ep-apt­m
F¶v \mc-Z³ tNmZn-¨p. Nn¯-t¯-¡mÄ IqSn-bXv XoÀ¨- hnÚm\w hmh [ym\m-Zv`q-tbm, hnÚm
bmbpw D­v F¶v k\ÂIp-am-c³ ]d-ªp. AXp F\n¡p t\\ hm EtKzZw hnPm-\mXn bPqÀth
]d-ªp-Xcq F¶p \mc-Z³ At]-£n-¨p. Zw, kma-th-Z, aYÀhWw NXpÀ° anXn
lmk-]p-cmWw ]©aw, thZm\mw thZw
Bdmw JÞw ]n{Xw, cminw, ssZhw, \n[nx, hmtImhm
Iy, taIm-b-\w, tZh hnZymw, {_Ò-hnZym
[ym\w hmh Nn¯m-Zv`q-tbm, [ymb-Xoh
`qX-hnZymw £{X-hn-Zymw, \£-{X-hnZymw
]rYn-ho, [ymb Xohm-´-co-£w, [ymbXo
kÀ¸-tZ-h-P-\-hnZymw Znhw-N, hmbpw N
hZyu, À[yb-´ohm fft]m, [ymb-´oh
ffImiw N ff]©, tXPÝ tZhmw-Ý,
]Àh-Xm, [ymb-´oh tZh-a-\pjym:þ kvX
a\p-jymw-Ý, ]ipw-Ý, hbm-knwN
kvamZy Cl a\p-jymWmw al¯mw {]m
]v\ph-´n, [ym\m-]m-Zmwim C ssh h XrW h\-]vX-Xo³, izm]-Zw, \ymIo-Sh
tX `h´n; AY tb f ev]mx Ie-lo\x XwK ]n]o-eIw [À½wNm [À½w N, kXyw N,
]nip\m D]-hm-Zn-\-kvtX, AYtb {] km[pNm km[p-Nm, \rXw N, lrZ-bÚw
`thm [ym\m-]mZmw im Csslh tX Nm þþ lrZ-bÚw Nm, ¶w Nckw tNaw
`h´n [ym\-ap-]m-tÊzXn k tbm [ym\w {_tÒ- N temI-aapw N hnÚmt\ ss\h hnPm\mXn
Xyp-]mkvtX bmhZv [ym\-\y-KXw X{Xmky bYm hnÚm-\ -ap-] m-tÊzXn
Ima Ntcm `hXn tbm [ym\w {_tÒ-Xyp- imkv{XmÀ° hnj-b-I-amb Úm\w [ym\-t¯-¡mÄ
]mkvtX AkvXn `Kthm [ym\mZv `qb CXn IqSn- b-Xm-Ip-¶p. hnÚm\w sIm­mWv EtKz-Zs¯ Adn-
[ym\m Zzmh. `qtbm f kvXXn Xt· `K-hm³ bp-¶-Xv. bPqÀth-Z-t¯bpw kma-th-Z-t¯bpw AYÀh-W-
{_ho-XznXn sa¶p ]d-bp¶ \mem-as¯ thZ-t¯-bpw, CXn-lm-k-]p-cm-
W-§-tf-bpw, A©m-as¯ thZ-amb `mc-X-t¯-bpw, thZ-
[ym\w Nn¯-t¯-¡mÄ IqSn-b-Xm-Ip-¶p. ]rYnhn [ym\n- §-fpsS thZ-amb hymI-c-W-t¯-bpw, {km²-I-e] v -t¯-bpw,
¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse Ccn-¡p-¶p. A´-co£w [ym\n-¡p-¶-Xp- KWn-X-im-k{v X-t¯bpw DÂ]m-X- im-k{v X-t¯-bpw, \n[n-im-
t]mse Ccn-¡p-¶p. tZymhv [ym\n-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse Ccn-¡p- kv{X-t¯-bpw, XÀ¡-im-kv{X-t¯-bpw, \oXn-im-kv{X-t¯-
¶p. A¸p-IÄ [ym\n-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse Ccn-¡p-¶p. ]Àh-X- bpw, \ncp-à-t¯-bpw, in£, Iev]w, Oµ-Ýn-Xn, Ch-
§Ä [ym\n-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse Ccn-¡p-¶p. tZh-·mcpw a\p- tbbpw `qX-X-{´-t¯-bpw, [\pÀth-Z-t¯-bpw, tPymXn-j-
jycpw [ym\w sN¿p-¶-Xp-t]mse Ccn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m t¯bpw Kmcp-Uw, KÔ-bp-àn, \r¯-Ko-X-hm-Zy-in-ev]mZn
Cu temI-¯nÂ, a\p-jy-cn BcmtWm al-Xzs¯ {]m]n- hnÚm-\-§Ä Ch-tbbpw tZymhn-t\bpw ]rYn-hn-tbbpw
¡p-¶Xv AhÀ [ym\-¯nsâ ^ew e`n-¨-Xnsâ Ie-tbmSp hmbp-hn-t\bpw BIm-i-t¯- bpw, A¸p-It- fbpw tXP-Ên-
IqSn-b-h-sc-t¸mse Xs¶ `hn-¡p-¶p. ]ns¶ BcmtWm t\-bpw, tZh-·m-tcbpw a\p-jy-tc-bpw, ]ip¡tfbpw ]£n-
Aev]- ·m-c-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv, AhÀ Ie-l-io-e-·m- cm-bpw, ]c-tZm- I-tfbpw XrW-§-tfbpw hr£-§-tfbpw hym{Lm-Zn-I-
j-§sf shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶-h-cm-bpw, tNcp¶ hn[-¯n ]c- tfbpw IoS-§Ä ]Xw-K-§Ä apX-em-bh XpS§n ]n]o-en-I-
tZmjw ]d-bp-¶-h-cmbpw Ccn-¡p-¶p. {]`p-¡-fm-bn-«p-Å-hÀ h-sc- bpÅhtb-bpw, [À½-t¯bpw A[À½-t¯-bpw, kXy-
Btcm AhÀ [ym\-^ew In«n-bX - nsâ Ie-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h- t¯-b pw, Ak-Xy-t¯bpw km[p-hm-b n-«p-Å-X n-t\-bpw,
sc-t¸mse Xs¶ Ccn-¡p-¶ p. [ym\s¯ D]m-k n-¡q. Akm-[p-hm-bn-«p-Å-Xn-t\bpw lrZ-b-{]n-b-am-bn-«p-Å-Xn-t\-

N P
 259

I bpw, AÃm-¯-Xn-t\bpw A¶-t¯-bpw, ck-t¯bpw Cu At¶m] tbmKw sIm­p-­m- Ip¶ a\xiàn hnÚm- K
temI-t¯bpw ]c-tem-I- t¯bpw hnÚm\w sIm­p-Xs¶ \-t¯- ¡mÄ IqSn-b-Xm-Ip-¶p. _e-hm-\mb Hcp-h³ \qdp-hn-
Adn-bp-¶p. hnÚm-\s¯ D]m-kn-¡q. Úm-\- hm-·m-sc-t¸mepw I¼n-¸n-¡p-¶p. ]pcp-j³ Ft¸mÄ
_e- ap-Å- h-\m- bn-¯o-cp-¶pthm At¸mÄ D°m\w sN¿p-¶-
k tbm hnÚm\w {_tÒ-Xyp-]mkvtX
h-\m-bn-¯ o-cp-¶p. D°m\w sN¿p-¶-h\ - m-bn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ,
hnÚm-\-htXm sshk temIm³ ]cn-N-cn-¡p-¶ -hm-bn-¯ o-cp-¶p. ]cn-Nc - n-¡p-¶-hm-bn-cn-¡p-
Úm\-htXm f`nkn-[y-Xn, bmh-ZznÚm t¼m D]-k- Z-Pn-¡p-¶-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. A]-k-Zn-¡p-¶-hm-
\ky KXw X{Xmky bYm Ima Nmtcm bn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ, {Zãm-hm-bn-¯ o-cp-¶p. t{imXm-hm-bn-¯ o-
`hXn tbm hnÚm\w {_tÒ-Xyp-]mkvtX cp¶p; a\\w sN¿p-¶- h-\m- bn- ¯o- cp¶p; t_m[-hm-\m-bn-¯o-
cp-¶p. IÀ¯m-hm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. ^ew A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h-\m-
AkvXn-`-Kthm hnÚm-\m-Zv`qb CXn
bn-¯o-cp-¶p. ]rYnhn _ew sIm­mWv \nev¡p-¶-Xv. A´-
hnÚm-\m-Zzm-h-`qtbm fkvXoXn Xt· co£w _ew sIm­mWv \nev¡p-¶- Xv. tZymhv _ew-sIm­p
`K-hm³ {_ho-XznXn ØnXn sN¿p-¶p. ]Àh- X-§Ä _ew-sIm­p ØnXn sN¿p-
D]m-kn-¡p-¶-h³ hnÚm-\-a p-Å-hbpw Úm\-ap-Å- ¶p. tZh-·mcpw a\p-jycpw _ew sIm­p ØnXn sN¿p-
hbpw Bb temI-§sf {]m]n-¡p-¶p. GXp-hs - c-bmtWm ¶p. ]ip-¡fpw ]£n-¡fpw XrW-§fpw hr£-§fpw
hnÚm-\- ¯n\v tKmN-c-am-bn-cn- ¡p-¶-Xv, Ahn- sS-hsc Ch¶v hym{LmZn {Iqc-P-´p-¡fpw IoS-§Ä ]Xw-K§ - Ä apX- em-
kzmX{´yw D­m-Ipw. `K-hmt\ hnÚm-\-t¯-¡mÄ IqSn- bh XpS§n ]nho- e n- I - IÄ hf- s c- b p- Å - h bpw _ew-sIm­p
b-Xmbn Fs´-¦n-ep-apt­m? F¶p \mc-Z³ tNmZn-¨p. ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. temIw _ew-sIm­p ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p.
hnÚm-\t- ¯-¡mÄ IqSn-bXv XoÀ¨-bm-bp-ap­v F¶p _es¯ D]m-kn-¡q. A§ns\ BcmtWm _es¯ {_Ò-
k\ÂIp- am- c³ ]d-ªp. AXns\ `K- hm³ F\n¡p ]dªp sa- ¶p-h¨v D]m-kn-¡p-¶-Xv, Ah\v GXp-h-sc-bmtWm _e-
XcnI F¶p \mc-Z³ At]-£n-¨p. ¯n\v hnj-b-am-bn-«p-Å-Xv, A{X- t¯mfw kzmX{´yw kn²n-
¡p-¶p. BcmtWm _es¯ {_Ò-sa-¶p-h¨v D]m-kn-¡p-
¶-Xv, Ah\v GXp-h-sc-bmtWm _e-¯n\p tKmN-c-am-bn-«p-
F«mw JÞw Å-Xv, Ahn-sS-hsc kzmX{´yw e`n-¡p-¶p. `K-hms\ _e-
t¯-¡mÄ IqSn-b- Xmbn Fs´-¦n-ep-apt­m? _e-t¯-¡mÄ
_ew hmh hnÚm-\m-Zv`qbx A]n
IqSn-bX- mbn XoÀ¨-bmbpw D­v. F¶v k\ÂIp-am-c³ ]d-
l iXw hnÚm\ hXm tatIm _e ªp. AXp `hm³ F\n¡p ]d-ªp-X-cnI F¶v \mc-Z³
hm \mI-av]-btX; k bZm _eo ]d-ªp.
`hXy tYm°mXm `hXn; D¯njvT³
]cn-Nc
- nXm `hXn; ]cn-Nc
- ¶p ]
H³]Xmw JÞw
k¯m `hXn; D]-ko-Z³ {`jvTm-`-hXn;
A¶w hmh _emZv `qbkvX kvamZyZ ]n
t{imXm `h-Xn, a´m `h-Xn, t_m²m
Zi-cm-{Xo˦miv \nbm, ZyZypl Poth
`h-Xn, IÀ¯m-`-h-Xn, hnÚmX `h-Xn,
ZYhm f{Zjv Tm ft{imXm fa´m t_m²m
_te\ ssh ]rYnho XnjvTXn _te\m
IÀ¯m fhnÚm-Xm-`h - Xn AYm-¶kym
´co£w _te\ ZyuÀ, ºte\ ]
fssb {Zãm-`-hXn a´m `h-Xn, t_m²m `h-Xn,
ÀhXm, _te\ tZh a\p-jym, _te\
IÀ¯m `h-Xn, hnÚmXm
]i hÝ hbmw-kn-N, XrW-h-\-kv]-Xbx,
`hXn A¶-a p]mtÊzXn
izm]-Zm\ym IoS-]-XwK ]n]o-en-Iw,
_te\ temI-kvXn-jvTXn; _e-ap]mtÊXn. A¶w _e- s¯- ¡mÄ IqSn- b- Xm- Ip- ¶p. AXn- \m ]¯p
\mtf- ¡p-t]mepwAin- ¡m- Xn- cn-¡p-¶- Xm- bmÂ, Hcp-thf Pohn-
ktbm _ew {_tÒXyp ]mkvtX, bmhZv ¨n-cn-¡p¶ ]£w, ZÀin-¡m³ Ign-bm-¯-h\ - m-bpw, {ihn-
¡p-hm³ km[n-¡m-¯-h-\mbpw a\\w sN¿m³ iàn-bn-
_eky KXw X{Xmky bYm ImaNm
Ãm-¯-h-\m-bpw, t_m[n-¡p-¶-Xn\v kmaÀ°y-an-Ãm-¯-h-\m-
tcm `hXn tbm _ew {_tÒ-Xyp-]mkvtX bpw, A\p-jT v n-¡m³ Ign-hn-Ãm-¯-h\ - m-bpw, hnÚm-\-an-Ãm-
AkvXn `Kthm _emZv `qb CXn _ ¯-h-\mbpw `hn-¡p-¶p. ]ns¶ A¶w e`n-¡p-¶-h³ {Zãm-
emZzmh `qtbm fkvXoXn. Xt· `K-hm³ hm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. a\\w sN¿p-¶-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. t_m²m-
hm-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. A\p-jTv n-¡p-¶h\mbn-¯o-cp-¶p. A\p-
{_ho-XznXn

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 260

I jvTm-\-^ew A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. A¶s¯ k tbm ft]m {_Ò-Xyp-]mkvX B]vt\mXn K

D]m-kn-¡q. kÀhm³ Imamw kvXr]vXn-am³ `hXn;
Nk tbm f¶w {_tÒXyp ]mkvtX f¶htXm bmh-Z-]mw-KXw X{Xmky bYm Ima
ssh k temIm³ ]m\-htXm f`n Nmtcm `hXn tbm ft]m {_tÒ-Xyp-]mkvtX
kn[yXn bmh-Z-¶ky KXw X{Xmky AkvXn `Kthm ftZ`ym `qb CXn A
bYm-Ima Nmtcm `hXn tbmf¶w {_ tZ`ymhm-h-`qtbm kvXoXn Xt· `Khm³
tÒXyp-]mkvtX AkvXn `Kthm f¶mZ {_ho-XznXn
`qb CXn A¶-Zzmh `qtbm fkvXoXn BcmtWm A¸p-Isf {_Ò-sa-¶p-h¨v D]m-kn-¡p-¶Xv
Ah³ FÃm Ima-§-tfbpw {]m]n-¡p¶p. Xr]vXn-bp-Å-h-
Xt· `K-hm³ {_ho-XznXn
\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. GXp-hsc A¸p-IÄ¡p Ka- \-ap-t­m,
A§s\ BcmtWm A¶s¯ {_Ò-sa-¶p-h¨v D]m-kn- AhnsS hsc Ch\v kzX- {´- k-©mcw kn²n-¡p-¶p. A¸p-
¡p-¶-Xv, Ah³ A¶-ap-Åh - b
- pw, ]m\-ap-Å-hbpw Bb Isf {_Ò-sa¶p IcpXn D]m-kn-¡q. BcmtWm A§ns\
temI-§sf {]m]n-¡p-¶p. A¶-¯n\p tKmN-c-am-bn-«p-ÅXv D]m-kn-¡p-¶-Xv, Ah\v Ahn-sS-hsc kzmX{´yw kn²n-¡p-
GXp- hscbmtWm AhnsS Ch\v kzmX{´yw kn²n-¡p-¶p. ¶p. `K-hms\ A¸p-Is - f-¡mÄ hen-bX
- mbn Fs´-¦n-ep-
AXn-\m A¶s¯ {_Ò-sa¶v sh¨v AXns\ D]m-kn- apt­m F¶v \mc-Z³ tNmZn-¨p. XoÀ¨-bmbpw D­v F¶v
¡q. `K-hms\ A¶-t¯-¡mÄ IqSn-b-Xmbn Fs´-¦n-ep- k\ÂIp-am-c³ D¯cw ]d-ªp. AXns\ `K-hm³ F\n-
apt­m? A¶-s¯-¡mÄ IqSn-bX - mbn XoÀ¨-bmbpw D­v ¡p-]-tZ-in-¨p-X-cnI F¶p \mc-Z³ At]-£n- ¨p.
F¶v k\ÂIp-am-c³ ]d-ªp. AXp `K-hm³ F\n¡p ]d-
ªp-X-¶m-epw. \mc-Z³ ]d-ªp.
]Xn- s \m¶mw JÞw
tXtPm hmhmZv t`ym`qbx XZzm G
]¯mw JÞw X Zzmbpam Krlym ffia`n X]Xn; X
Bt]m hmhm-¶mZv `qb-ky, kvXkvam-ZyZm ZmlpÀ¶n-tim-N-Xn, \nX-]-Xn, hÀjn-jyXn
kphr-ãnÀ¶p `h-Xn, hym[o-bt´ {]mW hm CXn. tXP Gh XXv ]qÀhw ZÀi
A¶w I\otbm `hn-jy-Xo-Xn. AYb bnXzm fYm]x krPtX; XtZX ZqÀ²zm
Zm khr-jvTn³ `h-Xym-\p-µn\w {]mWm `nÝ Xnc-Ýn-`nÝ hnZypZv`n cm{lm
`h-´y¶w _lp `hn-jy-XoXn B] G ZmÝ-c´n; Xkvam-Zm-lqÀ hntZym-XtX
th am aqÀ¯m tbbw ]rYn-ho, bZ´ kvX\-bXn hÀjn-jyXn hm CXn; tXP
co£w bZv Zyu À¿Xv ]ÀhXm b t±h Gh XXv ]qÀhw ZÀi-bn-Xzm-Ym]x kr
a\p-jym, bXv ]i-h© hbmw-kn-N, Xr PtX, tXP D]m-tÊzXn
Wh-\-kv]X
- bx izm]-Zm\y IoS ]XwK tXPÊv A¸p- I-sf- ¡mÄ IqSn- b- Xm-Ip- ¶p. A§- s\-bpÅ
]n]o-enI am] Gth am aqÀ¯m, A] Cu tXPÊv hmbp-hns\ \nÝ-e-am-¡n-bn«v BIm-is¯ A`n-
D]m-tÊzXn hym-]n¨p X]n-¸n-¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ thhn-¡p-¶p, ]gp-¸n-¡p-
¶p. ag s]¿pw F¶v euIn-I-·mÀ ]d- bp-¶p. tXPÊp Xs¶
A¸p- IÄ A¶- s¯-¡mÄ IqSn-b-h-bm-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m A§s\ BZyw X¶-¯m³ shfn-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn«v A¸p-Isf
Ft¸mÄ kphrãn D­m-Ip-¶n-Ãtbm At¸mÄ A¶w Ipd- krãn-¡p-¶p. AXp-sIm­v taÂt¸m«p t]mIp-¶-hbpw hne-
hm-bn-¯o-cp-sa¶p hnNm-cn-¨p, {]mWn-IÄ ZpxJn¡p-¶p. §-¯n t]mIp-¶-h-bp-amb hnZyp-¯p-I-tfmSp IqSn CSn-
Ft¸mÄ kphrjvTn D­m- Ip- ¶p- thm, At¸mÄ A¶w hfsc \m-Z-§Ä k©-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m an¶Â apg-§p¶p;
D­m-Ip-sa¶p hnNm-cn¨v {]mW-§Ä B\-µa - p-Åh
- -bm-bn- hÀjap-­mhpw F¶v Bfp-IÄ ]d-bp-¶p. tXP-Êns\
¯o-cp-¶p. Cu ]rYnhn GtXm, A´-co-£w GtXm, tZymhv {_Ò-sa-¶p-h¨v D]m-kn-¡q.
GtXm, ]Àh- X- §Ä Ghtbm tZh- ·mcpw a\p-jycpw Btcm,
k bkvtXtPm {_tÒ-jp-Xyp-]mkvtX
]ip-¡fpw ]£n-Ifpw XrW-§fpw hr£-§fpw hym{Lm-
Zn-Zp-ã-ar-K-§-fpw, IoS-§Ä, ]mä-IÄ ]o]o-en-IÄ Ch-h-tc-
tXPkzo ssh k tXP kztXm
bp-Å-hbpw GXmtWm Ah aqÀ¯-§-fmb A¸p-IÄ temIm³ `mkztXm f] lX XakvIm
BWv. A¸p-Isf {_Ò-sa- ¶z¨v D]m-kn-¡q. \`n-kn-[y-Xn. bmht¯ Ptkm KXw

N P
 261
I X{Xmky bYm-Im-a-Nmtcm `h-Xn. b
kvtXtPm {_tÒ-Xyp-]m-kvtX. AkvXn `Kh
thm tXPtkm `qb CXn. tXPtkm
hmh `qtbm fkvXnXn Xt· `K-hm³
{_ho-Xzn-Xn.
A§ns\ BcmtWm tXP-Êns\ {_Ò-sa- ¶p-h¨v D]m-
kn-¡p-¶Xv Ah³ tXP-kzn-bm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. tXP-Êp-Å-
hbpw {]Im-i-ap-Å-hbpw _mlyhpw B`y-´-c-hp-amb
XaÊp \o§n-bn-«p-Å-hb
- p-amb temI-§Ä {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
tXP-Ênsâ tKmNcw GXp-h-sc-bm-tWm, AXp-hsc Ch\v
k©m-c-kzm-X{´yw D­m-Ip- ¶p. tXP-Êns\ {_Ò- ambn D]m-
kn-¡q. `K-hmt\ tXP-Ên-t\-¡mÄ IqSn- b-Xmbn Fs´-¦n-
ep-apt­m F¶v \mc-Z³ tNmZn-¨p. XoÀ¨-bm-bp-ap­v F¶v
k\ÂIp-am-c³ ]d-ªp. F¶m `K-h³ AXp F\n¡p
]d-ªp-XctW \mc-Z³ At]-£n-¨p.
]{´­mw JÞw
BImtim hmh tXPtkm `qbm³;
BImti ssh kqcym N{µa kmhp `u
hnZyp-¶-£-{Xm-Wy-án-cm-Im-ti\m lzb
XymIm-ti\ irtWm-Xym-Im-ti\ {]
Xn{ip-tWmXym Imti caX BImti
\ caX BImti PmbX BImi
a`n-P-btX; BIm-i-ap-] m-tÊz-Xn.
BImiw tXP-Ên-s\-¡mÄ IqSn-b-Xm-Ip-¶p. kqcy-N-{µ-
·mÀ c­p-t]cpw hnZyp¯pw \£- {X- §fpw Aánbpw BIm-
i-¯n BIp-¶p. BIm-i-¯nÂIqSn Blzm\w sN¿p-
¶p. BIm-i-¯n-eqsS tIÄ¡p-¶p. BImiw hgn-bmbn
ho­pw tIÄ¡p-¶p. BIm-i-¯n can-¡p-¶p. BIm-i-
¯n can-¡m-Xn-cn- ¡p¶p. BIm-i-¯n P\n-¡p-¶p. BIm-
i-¯n- te¡v P\n-¡p-¶p. BI-mis¯ D]m-kn-¡q.
k b BImiw {_tÒ-Xyp-]mkvtX
BIm-i-htXm ssh ktem-Im³
{]Im-i-htXm kw_m-[m\p cpKmb
htXm f`nkn-[yXn; bmhZm Imiky
KXw X{Xmky bYm-Im-a-Nmtcm
`h-Xn, b BImiw {_tÒ-Xyp-]mkvtX
AkvXn `Kh BIm-imZn `qb CXn
BIm-im-Zzmh `qtbm kvXoXn Xt·
`K-hm³ {_ho-XznXn
C§s\ Bcp BIm-is¯ {_Ò-sa-¶p-h¨v D]m-kn-
¡pt¶m Ah-³ BIm-i-apÅhbpw {]Im-i-ap-Å-hbpw
sRcp-¡-an-Ãm-¯-hbpw hnkvXoÀ®-K-Xn-Ifpw Bb temIw
N P
{]m]n-¡p-¶p. BIm-i- ¯n\p hnj-b-am-bn-«p-ÅXv GXp hsc- K
bmtWm AhnsS hsc Ah\p k©m-c-kzm-X{´yw kn²n-
¡p-¶p. A§ns\ BcmtWm BIm-is¯ {_Ò-sa¶p
IcpXn D]m-kn-¡p-¶Xv Ah\v GXp-hsc BImiw tKmN-c-
am-bn-cn-¡pt¶m AhnsS hsc kzmX{´yw kn²n-¡p-¶p.
BImit¯-¡mÄ Ihn- ª-Xmbn Fs´-¦n-ep-apt­m F¶
tNmZy-¯n\v XoÀ¨-bmbpw D­v F¶v k\ÂIp-am-c³ ]d-
ªp. `K-hm³ AXns\ F\n-¡p-]-tZ-in-¨m-epw.
]Xn-aq¶mw JÞw
kvatcm hmh ffImimZv `qb-kvamZy
Zy]n _lh Ako-c³ \ kvac
t´m ss\h tX IwN\ irWp
bpÀ¶ a\zo-c³ \ hnPm-\o-c³; b
Zmhm-htX kvatc-bp-cY irWp bpcY
a\zo-c-¶Y hoPm-\o-c³ kvatcW
ssh ]p{Xm³ hnPm-\mXn; kvatcW
]iq³ kvac-ap-]m-tÊz-Xn.
k bx kvacw {_tÒ-Xyp-]m-kvtX, bmhXv
kvacky KXw X {Xmky bYm Ima
Nmtcm `hXn bx kvacw {_tÒ-Xyp]m
kvtX AkvXn `Khx kvacmZv `qb
CXn kvacmZv hmh `qtbm fkv\oXn
Xt· `K-hm³ {_o XznXn
kvac-W-sa¶ A´-I-cW [À½w BIm-i-t¯-¡mÄ
IqSn-b- Xm- Ip-¶p. hfsc Bfp-IÄ Hcn- S¯v Ccp- ¶mepw kvacn-
¡m-¯-h-cm-bn-cp-¶m AhÀ Hcp i_vZ-t¯bpw tIÄ¡p-
¶n-Ã. a\\w sNbvI-bn-Ã. Adn-Ib - n-Ã. Ft¸m-gmtWm AhÀ
kvacn-¡p-¶Xv At¸mÄ {ihn¡pw; At¸mÄ a\\w sN¿pw.
At¸mÄ Adnbpw; At¸mÄ kvacw sIm­v ]p{X- ·msc Adn-
bpw, kvacw sIm­mWv ]ip-¡sf Adnbpw. kvacw D-]m-
kn-¡q. A§ns\ BcmtWm kvacs¯ {_Ò-sa¶p h¨v
D]m-kn- ¡pt¶m Ah\v kvac-¯n- \p- hn- j-b-am-bn-«p-ÅXv FXp-
h-sc-bmtWm AXp-hsc k©m-c-kzm-X{´yw kn²n-¡p-¶p.
AÃtbm `K-hmt\ kvac- t¯- ¡mÄ IqSn-b-Xmbn Fs´- ¦n-
ep-apt­m F¶v \mc-Z³ tNmZn-¨p. XoÀ¨-bm-bp-ap­v F¶v
D¯cw ]d-ªp. `K-h³ F\n¡v AXns\ D]-tZ-in-¨p-X-
¶mepw F¶v \mc-Z³ ]d-ªp.
]Xn-¶ memw JÞw
Bim hmh kvacm-Zv`q-bkn; Atit²m
ssh kvatcm a{´m-\-[o-tX, IÀ½mWn
 262

I Icp-tX, ]p{XmwÝ ]iq-tÝ-Ñ-X, Caw kbZn ]nXcw hm, amX\w hm, K

Ntem Iaapw tNÑ-tX, Bim-ap]mtÊXn. {`mXcw hm, kzkmcw hm ffNmcyw
e`n-¨n-«n-Ãm¯ B hkvXp-hn-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ B{Klw hm, {_mÒWw hm Inw NnZv `ri
kvac- t¯- ¡mÄ IqSp- b-Xm- Ip- ¶p. Bi- bm hÀ²n- ¸n- ¡- s¸« anh {]Xym-l, [nIv Xzm fkvXntXy,
kvac-W-bp-Å- h³ a{´-§sf A[ym-b\w sN¿p-¶p. IÀ½- ss]\ amlpx ]nXrlm ssh Xzakn
§Ä sN¿p-¶p. ]p{X-·m-tcbpw ]ip-¡-tfbpw CÑn-¡p-¶p. amXr-lmssh Xza-kn, {`mXrlm ssh
Cu temI-t¯bpw ]c-tem-I-t¯bpw CÑn-¡p-¶p. Bi
Xza-kn, kzkrlm sshXy-akym Nmcy
D]m-kn-¡q.
lmssh Xza-kn, {_mÒW lmssh
k b Bimw {_tÒ-Xyp-]mkvtX B Xza-k o-Xn.
ibm fky kth-Imamx kar-[y´n;
GsX-¦nepw ]pcp-j³ ]nXm-hn-t\m-tSm, amXm-hn-t\m-tSm,
AtamLm lmkym ffintjm `h´n; `qXm-hn-t\m-tSm, kzkm-hn-t\mtSm BNm-cy-t\m-tSm, {_mÒ-
bmh-Zm-imb KXw X{Xmky bYm Ima W-t\m-tSm, Aev]w IS¶ hn[-¯n D¯cw ]d-bp-¶p,
Nmtcm `h-Xn, b Bimw {_tÒXyp F¦n Chs\ \o \nµy-\mWv F¶pw \o ]nXm-hns\ l\n-
¨-h-\m-Ip-¶p. \o amXm-hns\ l\n-¨-h-\m-Ip-¶p. \o {`mXm-
]mkvtX, AkvXn `Kh Bimb
hns\ l\n-¨-h-\m-Ip-¶p. \o kzkm- hns\ l\n-¨-h-\m-Ip- ¶p.
`qb CXn Bimbm hmh `qtbm fkvXoXn \o BNm-cys\ l\n-¨h - -\m-Ip-¶p. \o {_mÒ-Ws\ l\n-¨-
Xt· `K-hm³ {_ho-Xzn-Xn. h-\m-Ip¶p F¶p-Xs¶ ]d-bp-¶p.
A§s\ BcmtWm Bisb {_Ò-sa¶p h¨v D]m-kn- AY bZy-t]y-\m\p Â{Im´ {]mWm
¡p-¶Xv Ahsâ FÃm Ima-§fpw Bi-bm kar-²-§- Rvipte\ kamkw h]y-Xnjw Ztl,
fm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Bi-bpsS hnjbw F{X- bpt­m AXnÂ
ss¶ ssh\w {_qbx ]nXr-lm-ko-Xn,
Ch\v k©m-c-kzm-X{´yw kn²n-¡p-¶p. Bi-b-¡mÄ hen-
\ amXrlm fkoXn \ {`mXrlmf
b-sX-s´-¦n-ep-apt­m F¶v tNmZn-¨p. XoÀ¨-bm-bp- ap-­tÃm
F¶p-¯cw ]d-ªp. AÃtbm `K-hmt\ Ahsb F\n¡p koXn, \ kzkrlm fkoXn, ffNmÀ¿,
D]-tZ-in-¨p-X-¶mepw F¶v \mc-Z³ At]-£n-¨p. A§ns\ lm fkoXn, \ {_mÒW lm fkoXn.
BIs« F¶p-¯-chpw ]d-ªp. {]mW³ t]mbn-cn-¡p¶ Chsc iqew- sIm­v tXm­n-
Iq-«n, Ah-b-h-§sf thsd thsd-bm¡n Zln-¸n-¨mepw
Chs\ \o ]nXm-hns\ l\n-¨h - \
- m-W¶v XoÀ¨-bmbpw ]d-
]Xn-\ ©mw JÞw bp-I-bn-Ã. \o amXm-hns\ sIm¶-h-\m-W¶pw ]d-I-bn-Ã. \o
{]mtWm hm Bimb `qbm³, bYm {`mXm-hns\ h[n-¨-h-\m-W¶pw ]d-I-bn-Ã. \o kzkm-hns\
hm Acm \m `u kaÀ¸n-Xm, Gh sIm¶-h-\m-sW¶pw ]d-I- bn-Ã. \o BNm-cys\ sIm¶-h-\m-
sW¶pw ]d- I-bn-Ã. \o {_Ò-Ws\ sIm¶-h- \m- sW¶pw ]d-
akvan³ {]mtW kÀhw kaÀ¸nZw
I-bn-Ã .
{]mWx {]mtW-\-bmXn; {]mWx {]
{]mtWm tly sshXm\n kÀhmWn
Ww Z`m-Xn, {]mWm-b-Z-ZmXn; {]mtWm
`hXn; k hm Gj Ghw ]iy
l ]nXm; {]mtWm amXm, {]mtWm
t¶hw a\zm\ Ghw hnPm-\¶
`qXm; {]mWx kzkm {]mW B
Xn hmZo `hXn; Xw tNZv {_qbp-cXn
NmÀ¿x {]mtWm {_mÒWx
hmZy-ko, XyXn-hmZy kvaoXn-{_q-bmXv;
{]mW³ Bi-sb-¡mÄ IqSn-b-Xm-Ip-¶p. GXp {]Im-c- \mh Óp hoX
amtWm Bc-¡m-ep-IÄ cY-N{- I-¯nsâ IpS-¯n kaÀ¸n-
¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv, AXp-t]mse Cu {]mW-\n FÃmw ta¸-dª ]nXmhv apX- em-b-h-scÃmw {]mW³ Xs¶-
kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. {]mW³ {]mWs\s¡m­p Kan- bm-Ip-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ {]mWs\ Adn-bp-¶-h³ C§s\
I­pw a\\w sNbvXp \nÝ-bn¨pw IS¶p ]d-bp-¶-h\ - m-
¡p-¶p. {]mW³ {]mWs\ Zm\w sN¿p-¶p. {]mW\p Zm\w
bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah-t\mSv \o AXn-hm-Zn-bm-W¶v Bsc-¦nepw
sN¿p-¶p. ]nXmhv {]mW-\m-Ip-¶p. amXmhv {]mW-\m-Ip-¶p.
]d-I-bm-W-¦n Rm³ AXn-hm-Zn-bmWv F¶p ]dbpw; ad-
{`mXmhv {]mW- \m-Ip-¶p. tkmZcn {]mW- \m-Ip- ¶p. BNm- cy³
bv¡p-I-bn-Ã .
{]mW-\m-Ip-¶p. {_mÒ-W³ {]mW-\m-Ip-¶p.

N P
 263

I ]Xn-\mdmw JÞw ]s¯m³]Xmw JÞw K

GjXp hm AXn-hm-ZXn bx ktXy\m bZm ssh {i±-[m-XyY a\p-tX, \m{i±
Xn hZXn tkmlw `Khx ktXy-\mXn [·-\p-tX, {i±-[-tZ-h-a-\ptX {i²mf
hZm-\oXn kXyw tXzh hnPnÚm tXzh hnPn-ZvRm-knX thyXn. {i²mw
knX hyan-Xn. kXyw `Kthm hnPn `Kthm hnPn-Úmk CXn.
Úmk CXn. Ft¸m-gmtWm {i²n- ¡p-¶Xv At¸mÄ a\\w sN¿p- ¶p.
{i²n-¡m-¯-h³ a\\w sN¿p-¶n-Ã. {i²n-¡p-h³ am{Xta
BcmtWm ]c-amÀ°-amb kXyw Adn-bp-¶-Xp-sIm­v
a\\w sN¿p-¶p-Åq. {i²-Xs - ¶- bmWv Adn-bp-hm³ B{K-
AXn-h-Zn-¡p-¶Xv Ah³ Ch-\m-Wv. A§-bpsS ASp-¡Â
ln-¡-s¸-tS-­Xv F¶p k\ÂIp-am-c³ ]d-ªp. AÃtbm
h¶n-cn-¡p¶ Rm³ kXyw-sIm­v AXn-h-Zn-¡p-hm³ CÑn-
`K- hms\ Rm³ {i²sb Adn- bp- hm³ B{K- ln- ¡p¶p F¶v
¡p¶p F¶v \mc-Z³ At]-£n-¨p. A§-s\-bm-W¦nÂ
\mc-Z³ ]d-ªp.
kXyw Xs¶ Adn-bp-hm³ B{K-ln-¡Ww. k\ÂIp-am-c³
adp-]Sn ]d-ªp. AÃtbm `K-hms\ Rm³ kXys¯ Adn-
bp-hm³ B{K- ln-¡p¶p F¶p \mc-Z³ ]d-ªp. Ccp-] Xmw JÞw
bZm ssh \nkvXn-jvT-XyY {iZp-[mXn \m
]Xn-t\gmw JÞw \nkvXn-jvT-RvOvd-±-[mXn; \nkvXn-jvT-t¶h
b Zm ssh hnPm-\m-XyY kXyw hZXn {i±-[mXn; \njvTn-tXzh hnPn-Úmko
\mhn-Pm-\³ kXyw hZXn. hnPm\ X thyXn \njvTmw `Kthm hnPn-Úmk
CXn.
t¶h kXyw hZXn hnÚm\w
tXzh hnPn-Úm-knX hyan-Xn. hn Ft¸m-gmtWm \njvT-bp-Å-h-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv At¸mÄ
{i²n- ¡p-¶p. \njvT-bn-Ãm-¯-h³ {i²n- ¡p-¶n-Ã. \njvT- bp-
Úm\w `Kthm hnPn-Úmk CXn.
Å-h³ am{Xsa {i²-bp-Å-h-\m-bn-cn-¡p-I-bp-Åp. \njvT
Ft¸m- gmtWm kXy- t¯- ¡p- dn¨p hnÚm- \-ap-Å-h-\m-bn- Xs¶ Adn-bp-hm³ B{K-ln-¡p-¶p. F¶p k\ÂIp-am-c³
¯o-cp-¶-Xv, A\-´cw kXys¯ hZn-¡p-¶p. kXy-s¯- ¡p- ]d-ªp. AÃtbm `K-hms\ Rm³ \njvTtb Adn-bp-hm³
dn¨p hnÚm-\-an-Ãm-¯-h³ kXys¯ hZn-¡-bn- Ã. hnÚm- B{K-ln-¡p¶p F¶v \mc-Z³ ]d-ªp.
\-ap-Å-h³ kXyta ]d-bp-I-bp-Åq. hnÚm\w Xs¶ Adn-
bp- hm³ B{K- ln-¡-s¸- tS-­- Xm-Ip¶p F¶p k\ÂIp- am-c³
]d-ªp. AÃtbm `K-hms\ hnÚm-\s¯ Adn-bp-hm³ Ccp- ] - s ¯m¶mw JÞw
Rm³ B{K-ln-¡p¶p F¶v \mc-Z³ Adn-bn-¨p. bZm ssh Itcm-XyY \nkvXn-jvTXn; \mIr
Xzm \nkvXn-jvTXn; IrssXzh \nkvXn-jvTXn;
IrXnkvtX h hnPn-Úm-kn-X-thy-Xn. IrXnw
]Xn-s\«mw JÞw
`Kthm hnPn-Úmk CXn.
bZm ssh a\ptX fY hnPm-\m-Xn;
Ft¸m-gmtWm IrXn-bp-Å-h-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv At¸mÄ
\maXzm hnPm-\mXn; assXzh hn
\njvT-bp-Åh - -\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. IrXn-bn-ÃmsX Ccp-¶ mÂ
Pm\mXn aXn-kvtXzh hnPn-Úmkn \njvT -bp-Å-h-\m-bn-cn-¡-bn-Ã. IrXn-tbmSp IqSn-bn-cp- ¶n«p
Xthy-Xn. aXnw `Kthm hnPn-Úmk Xs¶ \njvS-bp-Å- h\ - m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. IrXn Xs¶ Adn-b-s¸-
CXn. tS-­-XmWv F¶p k\ÂIp-am-c³ ]d-ªp. `K-hms\
IrXnsb Rm³ Adn-bp-hm³ B{K- ln-¡p¶p F¶p \mc-
Ft¸m-gmtWm a\\w sN¿p-¶Xv AXn-\p- tijw hnÚm- Z³ Adn-bn-¨p.
\-ap-Å-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. a\\w sN¿msX hnÚm-\-ap-Å-
h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-I-bn-Ã. a\\w sNbvXm am{Xsa hnÚm-\-
ap-Å-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-I-bp-Åp. a\\w Xs¶ Adn-bp-hm³ Ccp-] ¯n c­mw JÞw
B{K-ln-¡ -s¸-tS-­-Xm-Ip-¶ p. F¶p k\ÂIp-am-c³ ]d-
bZm ssh kpJw e`-tX-fY-I-tcmXn;
ªp. `K-hm-s\, aXntb Rm³ Adn-bp-hm³ B{K-ln-¡p¶p
\m kpJw e_v[zm Itcm-Xn, kpJ-tah
F¶v \mc- Z³ ]d-ªp.

N P
 264
I e_v[zm ItcmXn kpJw tXzh hnPn
Úmkn Xhy-an-Xn. kpJw `Kthm hnPn
Úmk CXn.
Ft¸m-gmtWm kpJw e`n-¡p-¶Xv At¸mÄ IrXn-bp-Å-
h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. kpJw e`n-¡msX IrXn-bp-Å-h-\m-bn-cn-
¡p-Ib- n-Ã. kpJw e`n¨m am{Xsa IrXn-bp-Åh- \
- m-bn-cn-
¡p-I-b p-Åp. kpJw Adn-bp-hm³ B{K-ln-¡-s¸-S-Ww.
F¶p k\ÂIp-am-c³ ]d-ªp. `K-hmt\ kpJs¯ Adn-
bp-hm³ Rm³ B{K-ln-¡p¶p \mc-Z³ ]d-ªp.
Ccp-] -¯ n- aq¶mw JÞw
tbm ssh `qam XXv kpJw; \evt]
kpJ-akvXn; `q ssah kpJw; `qamtXz
h hnPn-Úm-kn-Xhy CXn; `qam\w
`Kthm hnPn-Úmk CXn.
GXmtWm al¯p AXmWv kpJw. Aev]-¯n kpJ-
an-Ã. kpJw `qam-hp-X- s¶- bmWv `qam-hp-Xs¶ Adn-bp-hm³
B{K-ln-¡Ww F¶p k\ÂIp-am-c³ ]d-ªp. AÃtbm
`K-hms\ `qam-hns\ Adn-bp-hm³ Rm³ B{K-ln-¡p¶p
F¶v \mc-Z³ At]-£n-¨p.
Ccp-] -¯ n- \ memw JÞw
b{X \m\yXv ]iy-Xn, \m\y-Ñy-tWmXn;
\m\y ZznPm-\mXn k`q-am, AY b{Xm-\yÂ
]iy-Xy-\y-ÑytWm Xy\yZzn Pm\m-Xn, XZ
ev]w. tbm ssh `qam XZ-arXw AY-b-Zev]w
X·À¯yw k `Khx Ikvan³ {]Xn-jvTnX
CXn. tkza-lnav\n; bZn hm\ aln-av\o-Xn.
GsXmcp XXz- ¯n- emtWm asäm- ¶ns\ ImWm- ¯- Xv, asäm-
¶ns\ tIÄ¡m-¯Xv asäm-¶ns\ Adn-bm-¯-Xv AXv `qam-
hm-Ip-¶p. GsXm-¶n-emtWm asäm-¶ns\ ImWp-¶-Xv, asäm-
¶ns\ tIÄ¡p-¶Xv asäm-¶ns\ Adn-bp-¶Xv AXv Aev]-
am-Ip- ¶p. GXmtWm `qamhv AXv Aar- X- am- Ip-¶p. GXmtWm
Aev]-am-bn-«p-ÅXv AXv aÀ¯y-am-Ip-¶p. `K-hms\ Cu
`qamhv F´n-emWv {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv? F¶p \mc-
Z³ tNmZn-¨p. kz´-amb aln-am-hn {]Xn-jvTn-X- am-bn-cn-¡p-
¶p. AÃ-¦n aln-am-hnepw {]Xn-jvTn-X-a-Ã.
tKm Aiz-anl aln taXym N£tX
lkvXn-ln-cWyw Zmk `mcyw t£{Xm Wym
bX-\m-\o-Xn. \ml tahw {_hoan; {_
hoao-Xntlm hmNmt\ym ly\y-kvan³
{]XnjvTnX C\n.
N P
tKm¡-tfbpw Aiz-§-tfbpw KP-§-tfbpw kzÀ®- K
t¯bpw Zmk-·m- tcbpw `mcy-am-tcbpw hb-ep- I-tfbpw hoSp-
I-tfbpw C§-s\-bp-Åh Cu temI-¯n aln-am-sh¶v
]d-bp- ¶p. asäm-¶m-WtÃm asäm- ¶n {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-bn- cn-¡p-
¶Xv F¶p-Å -X p-s Im­v Rm³ C§ns\ ]d-b p-¶ n-Ã.
F¶m C{]- Imcw ]d-bp¶p F¶v k\ÂIp- am- c³ ]d- ªp.
Ccp-] -¯ ©mw JÞw
k Ghm-[-kvXm-Xv, k D]-cn-ãm-Xv, k ]
ÝmXv, k ]pc-kvXm-Xv, k Z£n-WXx
k D¯-cXx k GthZw kÀh-an-Xn,
AYmtXm flwImc tZi Gh þ l
tahm A[-kvXm-Zl ap]-cnãm Zlw
]Ým-Zlw ]pc-kvXm-Zlw Z£oW tXmf
lap-¯-ctXm flta thZw kÀh-an-Xn.
Xmsg B `qam-hp-X-s¶-bm-Wv. apI-fnepw ]Sn-ªmdpw
Ing¡pw hS¡pw `qam-hp-X-s¶-bm-Wv. PK-s¯Ãmw AXp-X-
s¶-bm-Ip- ¶p. C\n Alw Imcm-tZiw ]d-b-s¸- Sp- ¶p. At[m-
`m-K-¯n Xs¶-bm-Wv. ]Sn-ªmdp Rm³ Xs¶-bmWv
Ing¡p Rm³ Xs¶-bm-Wv. sX¡pw Ing¡pw Rm³ Xs¶-
bm-Wv. Cu PK-s¯Ãmw Rm³ Xs¶-bm-W.v
AYmX Bßm-tZi Ghm ffssßhm
[kvXm, Zmtßm ]cn-ãm, Zmßm ]Ým,
Zmßm-]p-c-kvXm, Zmßm-Z-£n-WX
- , B
tßm¯-cX Bssß-thZw kÀh-anXn
khm Gj Ghw ]iy-t¶hw a\zm\
Ghw hnPm-\-¶mß cXn-cm-ß-{IoU
Bß anYp\ Bßm-\µx k kzcmUv
`h-Xn. Xky kÀthjp temtIjp Ima-Nmtcm
`hXn AYtb f\yYm ftXm hnZp-c\y cmPm
\kvtX £¿ temIm `h´n tXjmw
kÀthjp temtIjz Ima-Nmtcm `h-Xn.
A\-´cw Bßm-tZiw ]d-bp-¶p. At[m-`m-K-¯nÂ
Bßm-hp-X-s¶- bm-W.v D]-cn-`m-K-¯n Bßmhp Xs¶-bm-
Wv. ]ÝmXv `mK¯v Bßm-hp-X-s¶-bm-Wv. ]ptcm `mK-
¯nepw Bßmhp Xs¶-bm-Wv. Z£n-W, hma-`m-K-§-fnepw
Bßm-hp-X -s¶-bm-Wv. C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-¶-h³ Bßm-
hn¯s¶ can-¡p-¶-h-\mbpw Bßm-hn¯s¶ {IoVn-
¡p-¶-h-\m-bpw, Bßm-hp-sIm­p Xs¶ Zzµz-kpJw A\p-
`- hn-¡p-¶-h-\m-bpw, Bßm-hn- s\- s¡m- ­p- Xs¶ Bµn-¡p- ¶-
h-\mbpw Ccn-¡p-¶p. Ah³ kzcm-«m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah\v
FÃm temI-§-fnepw Ima-Nmcw kn²n-¡p-¶p. BcmtWm
CXn\p hn]-co-X- ambn Adn-bp-¶-Xv, Ah³ thsd kzman-bp-
 265
I Å-h-cmbpw £b-apÅ temI-§-tfmSp IqSn-b-h-cmbpw Xocp-
¶p. AhÀ¡v FÃm temI-§-fnepw Ima-Nm-c-an-Ãm-bI
v bpw
h¶p IqSp-¶p.
Ccp-] -¯ mdmw JÞw
Xky l hm GX-sskyhw ]iyX
Ghw a\zm\ sskyhw hnPm-\Xm
BßXx {]mW, Bß-X, Bimff
ßXx kvac, BßX BIm-iw, B
ßmX-kvtX-P, BßX B] BßX
BhnÀ`m-h-Xntcm `mhm, hmßtXm f¶
amßtXm _e, amßtXm hnÚm-\,
amßtXm [ym\ amß-X-Ýn¯ amßXx
k¦ev] BßtXm a\ BßtXm
hmKm-ßtXm \ma ffßtXm a{´m B
ß\x IÀ½m-Wym-ßX GthZw kÀanXn.
C§s\ ImWp-¶-h\pw C§s\ a\\w sN¿p-¶-h\pw
C§s\ Adn-bp-¶-h-\p-amb B hnZzm\v {]mW³ Bßm-
hn \n¶m-Ip-¶p. Bi Bßm-hn \n¶m-Ip-¶p. kvarXn
Bßm-hn \n¶m-Ip-¶p. BImiw Bßm-hn \n¶m-Ip-
¶p. tXPÊv Bßm-hn \n¶m-Ip- ¶p. A¸p-IÄ Bßm- hnÂ
\n¶m-Ip-¶p. D¸-¯nbpw {]f-bhpw Bßm-hn \n¶m-
Ip-¶p. A¶w Bßm-hn \n¶m-Ip-¶p. _ew Bßm-hnÂ
\n¶m-Ip-¶p. hnÚm\w Bßm-hn \n¶m-Ip-¶p. [ym\w
Bßm-hnÂ\n-¶m-Ip-¶p. Nn¯w Bßm-hn \n¶m-Ip-¶p.
k¦ev]w Bßm- hn \n¶m- Ip- ¶p. hm¡v Bßm- hn \n¶m-
Ip-¶p. \maw Bßm-hn \n¶m-Ip-¶p. a{´-§Ä Bßm-
hn \n¶m-Ip-¶p. IÀ½-§Ä Aßm- hn \n¶m-Ip-¶p. Cu
PKs¯Ãmw Bßm-hn \n¶m-Ip-¶p.
XtZj tÇmI \ ]tiym arXypw ]iyXn
\tcm-Kw, t\m X Zpx JXmw, kÀhw l
]iyx ]iyXn kÀhw {]m]vt\mXn kÀhi
CXn. k GI-ss[h `h-Xn, {Xn[m `
hXn ]©[m k]vX[m \h[m ssNh
]p\ ssÝIm-Zix kvarXx iXw N
Zi ssNIÝ kl-{km-WnN hnwiXnx
Blmcw ip²u kXz-ip²nx kXz-ip²u
{[phm kvarXnx kvarXn eavt` kÀh{K
Ùo\mw hn{]-tam-£-kvXkvssa arZn-XI
jmbmb Xa-kk - v]mcw ZÀi-bXn `K-hm³
k\ÂIp-am-ckvXw kvIµ CXym N£-tX,
XwkvIµ CXym-N£ - -tX.
N P
B AÀ°-¯ n Cu a{´w D­v. bYmÀ°s¯ K
ImWp-¶-h³ ac- Ws¯ ImWp-¶n- Ã. tcmKt¯ ImWp-¶n-
Ã. ZpxJ `mht¯ ImWp-¶n-Ã. bYmÀ° ZÀkn kÀh-
t¯bpw ImWp-¶p. FÃm {]Im-c-¯nepw kÀhs¯ {]m]n-
¡p-¶p. B hnZzm³ Hcp hn[- ¯n Ccn-¡p-¶p. aq¶p {]Im-
c- ¯nepw A©p {]Im-c-¯n-epw, Bbn-¯o- cp- ¶p. Ggp {]Im-
c-¯n-epw, H³]Xp hn[- ¯nepw ]n¶-¸-Xn-s\m-¶m-bn«pw \qän-
¸-Xn-s\m-¶m- bn«pw Bbn- c-¯n- cq-]-Xm-bn-«pw, `hn-¡p- ¶p. hnj-
bm-\p-`-h-cq-]a
- mb hnÚm-\-¯n\p ip²n-bp-­m-Ip-t¼mÄ
A´xIc-W-ip²n D­m-Ip-¶p. kXz ip²n-bp-­m-Ip- t¼mÄ
Ahn-Ñn-¶-bmb kvarXn D­m-Ip-¶p. kvarXn-sb-e-`n-¨mÂ
FÃm lrZ-b{- K-Ùn-I-fptSbpw hn\miw D­m-Ip¶p. cmK-
tZz-jmZn cq]-amb Id Igp-In-¡-f-ªn-«pÅ B\m-c-Z¶v `hm-
\mb k\ÂIp-am-c³ Ahn-Zym-cp-]-amb X]-Ên-¶n-¸p-d-apÅ
]c-amÀ°-X- Xzs¯ ImWn-¨p-sIm-Sp-¯p. At±-ls¯ (k-
\ÂIp-am-cs\) kvIµ³ F¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
F«mw A²ymbw
H¶mw JÞw
Zn¡v tZiw Imew apX- em-bh - b
- psS t`Z-§-sfm-¶p-an-Ãm-
¯Xpw kÀh-P-K-Zm-ß-Ihpw GIhpw AZzn-Xo-b-hp-amb
BXm-am-hmWv {_Ò-sa¶v ap³]n ]dªp Ignªp.
F¦nepw hnÚm-\n-I-f-Ãm-¯-hÀ¡v {_Òs¯ Adn-bp-¶-
Xn-\mbn lrZ-b-]p-Þ-co- Is¯ Dt]-Z-in-t¡-­-Xm- h- iy- am-Wv.
{_Ò-hn-¯p-I-Ä¡v kv{XoIÄ BZn-bmb hnj-b§ - -fnÂ
\n¶v X\nsb \nhr¯n D­m- Ip-sa-¦nepw km[m-c-W- ¡mÀ¡v
hnj-bX - r-jva-bn \n¶pÅ tamN\w Ffp-¸-a-Ã. AXn\v
{_Ò-Ncyw XpS-§nb km[-\-hn-ti-j-§Ä IqSntb Xocq.
Zn¡v tZi, KpWw, KXn, ^ew apX-em-b-h-bpsS t`Z-an-Ãm-
¯Xpw ]c-amÀ°-k-¯pw, AZz-b-hp-amb {_Ò aµ-_p-²n-
IÄ¡v Ak-s¯-¶-t]mse tXm¶p-I-bp-Åp. BZyw AhÀ
t\Àh-gn-¡p-hc - -s«, ]ns¶ kmh-[m\w AhÀ¡v ]c-amÀ°-
k-¯n-t\bpw {Kln¸n¨p sImSp¡mw F¶p {ipXn hnNm-cn-
¡p-¶p.
lcnx Hmw AY bZn-Z-a-kvan {_Ò-]ptc
Zlcw ]pÞ-coIw thiva Zltcm fkvan
¶´cw Imi þ kvXkvan³ bZ´ kvXZ-t\zjvT
hyw, XZzm-h-h n-Pn-Úm-knX hyan-Xn.
Cu ico-c¯- n sNdp-Xmb Cu lrZ-b] - p-Þ-co-I-am-
Ip¶ Krlw GtXm Cu Krl-¯nsâ DÅn sNdp-Xmb
BImiw D­v. AXn-\p-Ån GXmtWm DÅXv AXv At\z-
jn-¡-s¸-tS-­-Xm-Ip-¶p. AXv Adn-b-s¸-tS-­-Xm-Ip-¶p.
Xw tNZv {_qbpÀ¿Zn Za-kvan³ {_Ò
]ptc Zlcw ]pÞ-coIw thiva
Zltcm kvan¶-´-cm-Imix Inw XZ{X

I hnZytX bZ-t\zã hyw bZzmh hnPn
ÚmknX hyanXn; k {_qbmXv
Cu {_Ò-]p-c-¯n sNdp-X mb ]pWvZ-co-I-am-Ip¶
Krlw GtXm, CXnsâ DÅn DÅ BImiw AXnepw
sNdp-Xm-Ip-¶p. CXn GXmtWm At\z-jn-¡-s¸-tS-­-Xv,
GXmtWm Adn-b-s¸-tS-­Xv A§n-s\-bpÅ F´mWv
DÅXv? BNm- cy- t\mSv injy-·mÀ tNmZn-¡-bm-W-¦n Ah³
]d-b-Ww.
bmhm³ hm Ab-am-Imi kvXmhmt\
tjm´À lrZb BImix Dt`
Akvan³ tZymhm ]rYnho A´-tch
kam-ln-tX, D`m-h-ánÝ hmbpÝ "kq
À¿mN-{µ-a-kmhp Zu' hnZyp-¶-£-{Xm-Wn,
b¨m-tky-lm-kvXn-b-¨\
- mkvXn kÀhw XZ
kvan³ kam-lnX anXn.
Cu `uXn-Im-Imiw F{X-t¯m-f-ap-Å-XmtWm Cu lrZ-
b-¯n- epÅ BImiw A{X-t¯m-f-ap-Å-Xm-W.v Zymhm ]rYn-
hn-I Ä c­pw CXn-\ p-Ån¯s¶ ØnXn-s N-¿ p-¶ p.
Aánbpw hmbphpw F¶ c­pw, kqcy-N{- µ-·mÀ c­pw
hnZyp¯pw \£-{X-§fpw Cu tZln¡v Cu temI-¯nÂ
Dt­m AXp GXv CÃtbm AXp FÃmw Cu lrZ-bm-Im-i-
¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p.
Xw tNZ {_qbp, ckvanw tÝZv {_Ò]p
tc kÀhw kam-ln-Xw, kÀhmWn N
`qXm-\n, kÀth NIm-am, bssZ-XÖ
cm f hm]vt\mXn {][zw-ktX hm, Inw
XmtXm f Xnin-jyX CXn. k{_q-bmXv
Cu {_Ò-]p-c-¯n FÃm `qX-§fpw FÃm Ima-§fpw
kÀhhpw kam-l n-X- a m-b n-cn-¡ p-¶ p. F¦n Ft¸mÄ
CXns\ Pc {]m]n-¡tbm AXp \in-¡tbm sN¿p-¶pthm
At¸mÄ AXnÂ\n¶v A\ya-ambn F´v A[n-I-ambn
tijn¡pw? ANm-cy-t\mSv tNmZn-¡-bm-W-¦n Ah³ ]d-
b-a w.
F§ns\ F¶mÂ-þþ
\mky Pc-ssb-X -ÖoÀ¿Xn; \ht[
\mky l\ytX; GXXv kXyw {_
Ò]p-c, akvan³ Imamx kam-lnXmx,
Gj Bßm f ]lX ]m]va hnP
tcm hnar-XypÀhn-timtIm hnPn-LtÕmf
]n]mkx kXy-Imax kXy-k-¦ev]x bYm
tlythl {]Pm At\zm-hn-i-´n, bw
ba-´-a`n Imam `h´n bw P\-]Zw
bw t£{X `mKw \tathm ] Poh´n
N P
266
Cu icoc¯nsâ Pc-sIm­v Cu A´-cm-Im-i-sa¶p
K
]d-bp¶ {_Òw Pcsb {]m]n-¡-bn-Ã. Cu ico-c¯ - nsâ
h[-¯m l\n-¡-s¸-Sp-I-bn-Ã. kXy-amb {_Ò-]pcw CXm-
Wv. CXn FÃm Ima-§fpw ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. CXv Bßm-
hm-Ip-¶p. [À½m-ZÀ½-cq-]a - mb ]m]w CÃm-Xm-¡p-¶p. Pc-
bn-Ãm-¯-Xpw, arXyp-hn-Ãm-¯-Xpw, timI-an-Ãm-¯-Xpw, hni-
¸n-Ãm-¯-X-Xpw, Zml-an-Ãm-¯Xpw k^-e-§-fmb Ima-§-tfm-
Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw kXy-§-fmb kXy-§-fmb k¦-ev]§ - -tfmSp
IqSn-bXpw BIp-¶p. GXp {]Imcw Cu temI-¯n {]P-
IÄ X§-fpsS kzman-I-fpsS A\p-im-k\w A\p-k-cn¨v
A\p-hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p. GtXXp tZi-t¯bpw GXp P\-]Z- -
t¯bpw GXp t£{X-`m-K-t¯bpw B{K-ln-¡p-¶-hc - m-bn-
cn-¡p-¶pthm AXm-Xn-s\-¯s¶ D]-Po-hn-¡p-¶p.
XZytY l IÀ½ PntXm temIx £o
bX Gh-ta-hm-ap-{X-] pWy PotXm
temIx £obtX XZy Clm f /ßm
\a-\-\p-hnZy {hPt´y Xmw Ýk-Xym³
Imamw kvtXjmw kÀthjp temtIjz
Imam-Nmtcm `hXn; AY b Clm f f ßm
\ a\p-hnZy {hP-t´yXmw ÝImamw kvtX
jmw kÀthjp temtIjp Ima-Nmtcm `h-Xn.
GsXmcp {]Im-c-¯n Cu temI-¯n tkhm-Zn-IÀ½-
¯m k¼m-Zn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ temIw £bn-¡p-¶p. C{]-Imcw
Xs¶ ]c-tem-I-¯n ]pWy-¯m k¼m-Zn-¡-s¸-Sp¶
temIw £bn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m BcmtWm Cu temI-
¯n Bßm-hn-t\bpw FÃm Ima-§-tfbpw Adn-bmsX
icocw hn«p-t]m-hp-¶Xv AhÀ¡v FÃm temI-§-fnepw
Akzm-X{´yw D­m-hp-¶p. F¶m BcmtWm Cu temI-
¯n Bßm-hns\ Adn-ªn«v icocw hn«p-t]m-hp-¶Xv
AhÀ¡v FÃm temI-§-fnepw kzmX{´yw kn²n-¡p-¶p.
c­mw JÞw
k bZn ]nXr temI-Imtam `hXn
k¦-ev]m-tZ-hmky ]nXcx kap-¯njvT
´n tX\ ]nXr-tem-tI\ k¼t¶m alo-b-tX.
Bßm-hns\ Adn- bp-¶-h³ ]nXr-tem-Is¯ B{K-ln- ¡p-
¶ - h - \ m bn `hn - ¡ p¶ p F ¦n Chs â k ¦- e v ]-
¯m¯s¶ ]nXm- ¡Ä Ah- t\mSv kw_-Ôn- ¡p¶hcm-bn-
¯o-cp-¶p. B ]nXr-tem-I-¯m kar-²-\m-bn«v almßyw
A\p-`- hn-¡ p-¶p.
AY bZn amXr-temI Imtam `hXn
k¦ev]m tZhmky amXcx kap-¯n-jvT-´n,
tXX amXr-tem-tI\ k¼t¶m alobtX
 267

I ]ns¶ amXr-tem-II
- m-a-\m-bn-cn-¡p¶p F¦n Chsâ
k¦- ev]-¯m¯s¶ amXm-¡Ä kap- °m\w sN¿p-¶p. B
amXr-tem-I-¯m kar-²-\m-bn«v amlmßyw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
AY bZn {`mXr-temI Imtam `h-Xn,
k¦-ev]m-tZ-hmky {`mXcx kap-¯njvT
´n; tX\ {`mXr temtI\ k¼t¶m
alo-b-tX.
{`mXr-tem-Is¯ Iman-¡p-¶-h-\m-W¦
- n Chsâ k¦-
ev]¯
- m¯s¶ {`m-Xm-¡Ä kap-°m\w sN¿p-¶p. B
`rXr-tem-I-¯m k¼-¶-\m-bn«v Ah³ amlm-ßys¯
A\p-`- hn-¡ p-¶p.
AY bZn kzkr-temI Imtam `h-Xn,
k¦ev]m tZhmky kzkmcx kap¯n
jvT´n, tX\ kzkr-tem-tI\
k¼t¶m alo-b-tX.
ktlm-Z-cn-I-fpsS temIs¯ B{K-lnI-¡p-¶-h-\m-bn-cn-
¡p¶p F¦nÂ, Chsâ k¦- e] v - ¯m¯s¶ kzmkm-¡Ä
Ah-t\mSp kw_-Ôn-¡p-¶p. B kzkr-tem-I-¯m kar-
²-\m-bn«v Ah³ amlmßyw A\p-`h - n-¡p-¶p.
AY bZn kJn-temI Imtam `hXn
k¦ev]m tZhky kJm bx kap¯n
jvT´n; tX\ kJn temtI\
k¼t¶m alo-btX
kJn temIs¯ B{K- ln- ¡p- ¶-h-\m-bn-cp- ¶m Chsâ
k¦-ev]-¯m¯- s¶, kJm-¡Ä Ah-t\mSp kw_- Ôn-¡p-
¶p. B kJn-tem-I-¯m kar-²-\m-bn«v amlmßyw A\p-
`-hn-¡p-¶ p.
AY bZn KÔ-am-ey-temI Imtam
`hXn k¦ev]m tZhmky KÔ
amtey kap-¯n-jvTXx tX\ KÔ
amey temtI\ k¼t¶m alo-btX
KÔ- a m-e y-tem-I s¯ B{K-l n-¡ p-¶ -h -\ m-s W-¦nÂ
Chsâ k¦-ev]-¯m¯s¶ KÔ-am-ey-§Ä kap- °m\w
sN¿p-¶ p. B KÔ-a m-e y-tem-I -¯ m kar-²-\ m-bn«v
amlmßyw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p.
AY[ bZy¶ ]m\ temI Imtam `h-Xn,
k¦ev]m tZhm-kym¶ ]mt\ kap-¯n-jvTXx
tX\m-¶-]m\ temtI\ k¼t¶m alobtX
A¶-]m\ temIs¯ Iman-¡p- ¶- h- \m-sW- ¦n Ahsâ
k¦- ev]- ¯m¯s¶ A¶-]m- \- §Ä kap- ²m\w sN¿p- ¶p.
B A¶- ]m\ temI-¯m kar-²- \m-bn«v amlmßyw A\p-
`-hn-¡p-¶ p.
AY bZo-KoX hmZnX temIIm K
tam `h-Xn, k¦-ev]m-tZ-hky KoX
hmZntX kap-¯n-jvTXx tX\ KoX
hmZn-Xt- em-tI\ k¼t¶m alobtX
KoX hmZn-X-§-fpsS temI-§sf B{K-ln-¡p-¶-h-\m-W-
¦n Chsâ k¦-ev]-¯m¯s¶ KoX-hm-Zn-X- §Ä Ah-
t\mSp kw_-Ôn-¡p-¶p. B KoX-hm-ZnX temI-¯m k¼-
¶-\m-bn«v almßyw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p.
AY bZn kv{XotemI Imtam `hXn
k¦ev]m tZhky kv{Xobx kap-¯njvT
´n; tX\ kv{Xotem-tI\ k¼t¶m alo-btX
kv{Xotem- Is¯ B{K-ln-¡p-¶-h-\m-bn- cp- ¶mÂ, Chsâ
k¦- ev]-¯m¯-s¶, kv{XoIÄ kap-°m\w sN¿p- ¶p. B
kv{Xotem- I-¯m kar- ²- \m-bn«v almßyw A\p-`-hn-¡p- ¶p.
bw ba-´-a-`n-Imtam `h-Xn, bw
Imaw Ima-btX tkmfky k¦ev]m
tZh kap-¯n-jvTXn; tX\ k¼t¶m alo-btX
GtXXp tZiw B{K-ln- ¡p-¶-h-\m- bn-cn- ¡p-¶p- thm, GXp
Imas¯ Iman- ¡ p- ¶ p- t hm, AXv Chsâ k¦- e v ] -
¯m¯s¶ Ah-t\mSp kw_-Ôn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\mÂ
kar-²-\m-bn«v almßyw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p.
aq¶mw JÞw
X Cta kXymx Imam A\r-Xm-]n-[m\mx
tXjmw kXym \mw kXm-a-\r-X-a-]n-[m\w;
tbm lytkyXx ss{]Xn \ Xanl
ZÀi-\mb e`tX
A§n-s\-bpÅ Cu kXy-§-fmb Ima-§Ä A\r-X- am-
Ip¶ A]n-[m-\-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bh
- b
- m-Ip-¶p. kXy-§-fm-bn-cn-
¡p¶ Ahbv¡v A\rXw ad-hm- Ip-¶p. Cu P´p-hn\v Bcm-
cmtWm Cu temI-¯n \n¶p acn-¡p-¶Xv Ahs\ Cu
temI-¯n ho­pw ImWp-¶-Xn\v e`n-¡p-¶n-Ã.
AYtb Nmtky l Pohmtb Nm
t{]Xm-b-¨m-\y-Zn-ѳ \e-`-tX, kÀhw
XZ{X KXzm hnµ-tX. A{X lyssky
tX kXymx Imam A\r-Xm-hn-[m\mx
XZyYm f ]n lnc-Wy-\n[nw \nln-X-a-t£{X
ÚmD-]À¿p-]cn k©-ct´m \ hntµ
bp, tc hta th amx kÀhmx {]Pm
Al-c-lÀ¤-Ñ´y GXw {_Ò-temIw
\ hnµ´y \rtX\ ln {]XyqUx

N P
 268
I Cu P´p-hn\v Cu temI-§-fn BcmtWm Pohn-¨n-cn-
¡p-¶-h-cmbn DÅXv BcmtWm t{]X-cm-bn-«p-ÅXv thsd
Ft´m-¶mtWm CÑn-¨n«v e`n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶Xv AXns\
FÃmw lrZ-bm-Im-i-sa¶p ]d-bp¶ Cu {_Ò-¯n Kan-
¨m e`n-¡p- ¶p. F¶m ChnsS Chsâ FÃm Ima- §fpw
A\r-X-am-Ip¶ ad-thmSp IqSn ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. AXn\p
Zrãm´w ]d-bmw. GXp {]Im-c-amtWm `qan-bn Ipgn-¨n-«n-
«pÅ kzÀ®-\n-[n-bpsS ASp-¯p-ap-I-fn k©-cn-¨p-sIm-
­n-cn-¡p-¶-h-cm-bn-cp-¶mepw \n[n-t£-{Xs¯ Adn-bm-¯-
hÀ¡v e`n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶Xv C{]-Imcw Xs¶ Cu {]P-I-
sfÃmw Cu {_Ò-am-Ip¶ temIs¯ Znh-kw-tXmdpw Kan-
¡p-¶-h-cm-bn-cp-¶n«pw e`n-¡p-¶n-Ã. Fs´-¶m A\r-X-
¯m AhÀ kzcq-]-¯nÂ\n¶v A]-l- cn-¡-s¸- «n-cn-¡p-¶p.
k hm Gj Bßm lrZn; Xssky
XtZh \ncpàw lrZy-b-anXn; Xkvam
²yZbw; Al-c-lÀÆm Ghw hnXv
kzÀ¤w temI-ta-Xn.
A§n-s\-bpÅ {]Ir-X-amb Cu Bßm-hmWv lrZ-b-
¯n-ep-Å-Xv. A§-s\-bpÅ Cu lrZ-b-¯n\v lrZ-b-¯nÂ
CXm Bßmhp ØnXn sN¿p¶p F¶p-Å-Xp-Xs¶ \nÀh-
N-\-am- Ip-¶p. AXp-sIm­v lrZ- b- sa¶p ]d- bp-¶p. C{]-Imcw
Adn-bp-¶-hÀ Znhkw tXmdpw kzÀ¤-temIw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
AY b Gj k{¼-kmtZm f kvamÑ
cocmXv kap-°mb ]cw tPymXn-cp]
kw]-Zy-tk\ cqt]-W-` n-\n-j v]-ZytX;
Gj Btß-Xntlm hm ssNX arX
-a-`b taXZv {_tÒXn Xky l hm
GXky {_ÒtWm \ma-k-Xy-an-Xn.
Cu kzÀ¤-tem-Is¯ {]m]n-¡p-sa¶p ]dª hnZzm³
Btcm Ah³ icocw Bßm-sh-¶pÅ `mh-\sb Dt]-£n-
¨n-«v, ]c-amb tPymXn-Êns\ {]m]n¨p kz´- cq-]-¯n Bbn-
¯o-cp-¶p. CXp Bßmhv F¶v BNm-cy³ ]d-ªp. CXv
Ahn-\m-inbpw `b-an-Ãm-¯- Xp-am-Ip-¶p. CXv {_Ò-am-Ip¶p
F¶p ]d-ªp. A§-s\-bpÅ Cu {_Ò-¯nsâ \maw
kXy- am-Ip- ¶p.
Xm\n lhm GXm\n {XnWy-£-cmWn
kXo-b-anXn XZyXv kXv XZ-arX
aY bXv Xn X·À¯y, aY bZyw tXt\m
t` bÑXn; bZt\ t\t\m-t`-b-ÑXn
XkvamZyw Al-c-lÀhm Ghw hnXv
kzÀ¤w temI taXn.
Ah ""kXobw'' F¶v aq¶p A£-c-am-Ip-¶p. Ah-bnÂ
""kX'' F¶p-ÅXv GtXm AXv Aar-X-am-Ip-¶p. ]ns¶ Xn
F¶p-Å-tXtXm AXp aÀ¯y-am-Ip-¶p. ]ns¶ ba F¶p-
N P
Å-tXtXm c­n-t\bpw Iq«n-s¡-«p-¶p. CXp sIm­v c­n- K
t\bpw \nb-an-¡p¶p F¶p-Å-Xn-\m ""bav'' F¶p ]d-b-
s¸-Sp-¶p. C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-¶-h³ Znhkw tXmdpw kzÀ¤-
am-Ip¶ temIs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
\memw JÞw
AY b Bßm ktk-Xp, hn[rXn tc
jmw temIm-\m-akw t`Zmb; ss\
Xw tkXp atlm cmt{X Xc-tXm, \
Pcm, \ar-Xyp, ˦timtIm \kp-IrXw
\ ZpjvIr-Xw, kÀth ]m]vamt\mf
tXmXn-hÀ¯t´; A] lX ]m]v
amtlyj {_Ò-temIx
Bßm-sh¶p ]d-ª-tXtXm AXv Cu temI-§Ä¡v
hn\miw hcm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶n-\m-bpÅ th­-hn-[-¯n \ne-
\nÀ¯p-¶-Xmb tkXp BIp-¶p. Cu tkXp-hns\ Atlm-
cm-{X-§Ä ]cn-tO-Zn-¡p-¶n-Ã. Pc {]m]n-¡p-¶n-Ã. arXyp
{]m]n-¡p-¶n-Ã. timIw {]m]n-¡p-¶n-Ã. kpIrXw {]m]n-¡p-
¶n-Ã . ZpjvI rXw {]m]n- ¡ p-¶ n-Ã . FÃm ]m]- § fpw
CXnÂ\n¶p \nhÀ¯n- ¡p-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m Cu
{_Ò-am-Ip¶ temIw ]pWy-]m-]-§Ä CÃm-¯-Xm-W.v
XkvamZzm GXw tkXpw XoÀ¯zmf
Ôx k¶X tÔm `hXn; hn²x
k¶-hnt²m `hXn; D]-Xm]n k¶\p
]Xm]o `hXn XkvamZzm GXw tkXpw
XoÀ¯zm f ]n\-à-a-l-tc-hm`n \njv]-ZytX
kIr-Zzn-`m-tXmtly sshj {_Ò-temIx
AXp-sIm­v Cu tkXp-hns\ XcWw sNbvXn«v AÔ-
\m-bn-cp-¶-h³ AÔ-\-Ãm-¯-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. ZpxJmZn-kw-
_-Ô- ap-Å-h-\m-bn-cp-¶-h³ ZpxJmZn-kw-_-Ô-an-Ãm-¯-h-\m-
bn-¯o-cp-¶p. tcmKm-Zyp-]-Xm-]-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bn-cp-¶-h³ D]-
Xm-]-§-fn-Ãm-¯-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. AXp-sIm­v Cu tkXp-
hns\ XcWw sNbvXn«v cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw Bbn-¯o-cp-¶p.
Cu {_Ò-temIw Ft¸mgpw Htc cq]-¯n {]Im-in-¨p-sIm-
­n-cn-¡p-¶-Xm-Ip-¶p.
XZy G ssh Xw {_Ò-temIw
{_Ò-NÀt¿-Wm-\p-hn-µ-´n, tXjm ta
sshj {_Ò-tem-I, kvtXjmw kÀtÆ
jp temtIjp Imam-Nm-tcm-`h- -Xn.
AXn-\m BcmtWm Cu {_Ò-tem-Is¯ {_Ò-
NcywsIm­v e`n-¡p-¶-Xv, Cu {_Ò-temIw AhÀ¡p
Xs¶- bm-Ip-¶p. AhÀ¡v FÃm temI-§-fnepw kzmX{´yw
kn²n-¡p-¶p.
 269
I A©mw JÞw
AY bZyÚ CXym N£-tX, {_Ò
NÀ¿-ta-h-XXv {_Ò-NÀt¿W tlyhtbm
ÚmXw Xw hnµtX AY bZnã
anXym-N-£tX {_Ò-NÀ¿-tah XXv
{_Ò NÀt¿W tlythãzm ff ßm\-a\p
hnµtX
GsXm-¶n-s\-bmtWm bÚw F¶v inã-·mÀ ]d-bp-
¶Xv AXv {_Ò-Ncyw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. Fs´-¶m {_Ò-
N-cyw-sIm-­p-Xs¶ ÚmXm-hm-bn-«p-Å-h\p {_Ò-temIw
e`n-¡p-¶p. ]ns¶ GXns\ Cã-sa¶p ]d-bpt¶m AXv
{_Ò-N cyw Xs¶-b m-I p-¶ p. Fs´- ¶ m {_Ò-N cyw
sIm­p-Xs¶ Cuiz-cs\ ]qPn-¨n«v AYhm Bßm-hns\
GjW sNbvXn«v Bßm-hns\ e`n-¡p-¶p.
AY bXv k{¯m-bW anXym N£
tXXv; {_Ò-NÀt¿W tlyh kX
Bßm\-kv{XmWw hnµtX; AYb
·u\-an-Xym-N-£tX {_Ò-NÀ¿-tah
XXv, {_Ò-NÀt¿W lymßm-\-a\p
hnZy-a-\ p-tX.
GXns\ BtWm kXv{Xm-bWw F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv AXv
{_Ò-N cyw Xs¶-b m-I p-¶ p. Fs´- ¶ m {_Ò-N cyw
sIm­p-Xs¶ k¯nÂ\n¶v Xsâ c£Ww e`n-¡p-¶p.
GsXm-¶ns\ BtWm au\w F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv AXv {_Ò-
Ncyw BIp-¶p. Fs´-¶m {_Ò-N-cyw-sIm-­p-Xs¶
Bßm-hns\ Adn-ªn«v a\\w sN¿p-¶p.
AY bZ-\m-i-Im-b-\-anXym N£tX
{_Ò-NÀ¿-t a-h-X Xv; Gj-lym-ßm\
\iyXn bw {_Ò-NÀt¿-Wm-\p-hn-µtX
AY bZ-c-Wym-b\ anXym N£tX {_
ÒNÀ¿-ta-h-XXv; XZ-cÝ lsshWy
ÝmÀW hu {_Ò-tem-tI, XrXob kym
antXm Znhn, XssZcw aZobw kcx
XZ-iz°x tkma-k-h\x XZ-]-cmPn
Xm ]qÀ{_-ÒWx {]`q-hn-anXw lnc×bw.
GXns\ BtWm A\m-i-Im- b\w F¶p ]d-bp-¶- Xv, AXv
{_Ò-Ncyw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. GXv Bßm-hn-s\-bmtWm
{_Ò-N-cyw-sIm­v e`n-¡p-¶Xv B Bßmhv \in-¡p-¶n-Ã.
]ns¶ GXn-s\-bmtWm Ac-Wym-b\w F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv
AXp {_Ò-Nc - yw-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. Cu temI-¯nÂ\n-¶v,
aq¶m-as¯ tZymhmb B {_Ò-tem-I¯ - n Ac-sa¶pw
]pWysa-¶pw, {]kn-²-amb kap-{Z-§Ä D­v. AhnsS
sFcw \nd-ªXpw D]- tbm-Kn- ¡p-¶-hÀ¡v aZ- P-\-Ihpw Bb ¯nemtWm hym]vX-amb al-¯mb Hcp amÀ¤w ASp-¯p-
N P
kcÊv D­v. AhnsS tkma-h-\-sa¶p t]cpÅ AsÃ-¦n K
AarXv Dudp¶ Ac-bm D­v. AhnsS A]-cm-PnX F¶p
t]cpÅ {_Ò-¯n ]pcn D­v. {]`q-hmb {_Ò-¯mÂ
hnti-jn-¨p-­m-¡-s¸« kzÀ®-am-b-amb aÞ]w D­v.
XZy G ssh Xmhcw NWyw NmÀ®
hu {_Ò-temtI {_Ò-NÀt¿-Wm\p
hnµ-´n, tXjmta sshj {_Òtem
IkvtXjmw kÀthjp temtIjp Ima
Nmtcm-`-h-Xn.
B {_Ò-tem-I -¯n BcmtWm Cu Ac-sa¶pw
]pWysa¶p ]d-bp¶ AÀ®-h-§sf {_Ò-N-cyw-sIm­v
e`n-¡p-¶Xv Cu {_Ò-temIw AhÀ¡v am{XamWv AhÀ¡v
FÃm temI-§-fnepw kzmX{´yw kn²n-¡p-¶p.
Bdmw JÞw
{_Ò-N-cymZn km[-\-§Ä XnI-ªpw, _mly-hn-j-b-§-
fm-Ip¶ A\r-X-§-fn-epÅ XrjvWtb shSnªpw Bcm-
tWm, lrZ-b-]p-Þ-co-I-¯n-ep-ÅXpw ta¸-dª KpW-§-
tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xp-amb {_Òs¯ D]m-kn-¡p-¶Xv Ah\v
aqÀ²m-hn-epÅ \mUn-bn IqSn-bpÅ KXn-hn-h-cn-¡m³
\mVo-J-Þ-s¯- ¸-än-bmWv C\n ]d-bp-¶-X.v
AY bm GXm lrZ-bky \mUy, kvXmx
]n§v Ke-kym-Wnav\ kvXnjvT-´n, ip¢
ky, \oe-ky, ]oX-ky, temln-X-tkyXn
Aku hm BZnXyx ]n§vK-e, Gj ip¢ Gj
\oe Gj ]oX Gj temlnXx
Cu lrZ-bs¯ kw_-Ôn¨ \mVn- IÄ Ghtbm Ah
]n§vKe hÀ®hpw temln-X-hÀ®-hp-amb AWn-am-hp-
sIm­p \ndªv ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. B BZn-Xy³ Xs¶
]nwK-e-hÀ®-t¯mSp IqSn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu BZn-Xy³ ip¢-
hÀ®-t¯mSpw IqSn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu BZn-Xy³ \oe \nd-
t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu BZn-Xy³ ]oX-hÀ®-t¯m-Sp-
Iq-Sn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu BZn-Xy³ temln-X- hÀ®t¯m-Sp-Iq-
Sn-bn-cn-¡p-¶ p.
XZyYm alm-]Y BXX D`u {Kmsau
KÑ-Xoaw Nmapw ssNhta sshXw
BZn-Xyky civab D`u temIu
KÑ´o aw Nmapw Nm apjvam-ZmXym
Xv {]Xm-bt´; Xm Bkp-\m-Uojp
kr]vXm Bt`ym-\m-Vo`yx {]Xm-bt´
tX f apjvan-¶m-ZntXy kr]vXmx
B hnjb-¯n\v Zrãm´w ]d-bmw. GXp {]Imc-
 270
I Å-Xpw, AI-¶-Xp-amb c­p {Kma-§tf tNÀ¡p-¶-Xv, A{]-
Imcw Cu BZn-Xysâ civan-IÄ CXpw AXp-amb c­p
temI-§-fn Kan-¡p-¶ p. BZnXy-a-Þ -e -¯ n \n¶v
XpSÀ¨-bmbn ]c-¡p-¶p. Ah-\m-Un-I-fn {]th-in-¨n-cn-
¡p¶p; \mUn-I-fn \n¶v XpSÀ¨-bmbn ]pd-s¸-Sp-¶p. Ah
B BZn-Xy-\n {]th-in-¡p-¶p.
XZy ss{XXXv kp]vXx kakvXx
kw{]-k ¶x kz]v\w \hn-Pm-\m-Xymkp
kZm \mUojp kr]vtXm `hXn Xw
\ IÝ\ ]m]vam-kv]r-iXn;
tXPkm ln XZm k¼t¶m `hXn
A§s\ Ccn- s¡, Ft¸mÄ Cu kz]v\s¯ kz]n-¡p¶
Poh³ kÀh- I-c-W-hym-]m-c-§tf D]-kw-l- cn-¨pw, \Ã- h®w
{]km-Z-ap-Å-h-\m-bpw, kz]v\s¯ Adn-bm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm,
At¸mÄ Cu \mVn-I-fn {]th-i n-¨-h-\m-bn-Xo-cp-¶p.
Ahs\ Hcp ]m]hpw kzÀin-¡p-¶n-Ã. At¸mÄ tXP-Ên-
\m hym]vX-\m-bn-`h- n-¡p-¶p.
AY b ss{X XZ _en-am\w \o tXm
`hXn Xa-`nX Bko\m BlpÀ
Pm\m-knamw Pm\m-kn-am-anXn bmh
Zkvam-Ñc
- o-cm-Z-\pÂ{Im `hXn Xmh
Öm\m- Xn.
A\-´cw GXp Ime¯v B _e-Xzs¯ {]m]n-¡-s¸-«-
h-\m-bn-Xo-cp-¶p-thm, At¸mÄ Ah\p Npäpw Ako-\-·m-cm-
bn«v Fs¶ Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Fs¶ Adn-bp-¶pthm F¶v
ÚmXn- IÄ ]d- bp-¶p. B acn-¡m³ t]mIp-¶-h³ Ft¸mÄ
Cu ico-c-¯n \n¶p DÂ{I-an-¡m-¯-h-\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p-
thm, AXp-hsc Adn-bp-¶p.
AY b ss{XX-Z-kvam-Ñc - n-cm-Zp³
{Ima-XyssY ssX tch civanZn cpÀ²
am{I-atX k Hman-Xnhm tlm Zzm
anbtX kbm-hXv £nt]y-·-\, kvXm
hZm-ZnXyw KÑXn; GX-ssZz-J-ep-temI
Zzmcw hnZpjmw {]m]-Z\w \ntcmt[mf hnZpjmw
Ft¸mÄ C{]-Imcw Cu ico- c-¯n \n¶p DÂ{I-an-¡p-
¶pthm AXn-\p-tijw CtX civan-I-fn IqSn apI-fn-te¡p
t]mIp-¶p. Ah³ Hmw F¶p [ym\n-¨p-s Im-­p-Xs¶
taÂt]m«p Kan-¡p-¶p. Ah³ F{X kabw sIm­mtWm
a\-Êns\ t£]n-¡p-¶-Xv, A{Xbpw ka-bw-sIm­v BZn-
Xys\ Kan-¡p-¶p. {_Ò-tem-I¯
- nsâ Zzmcw CXm-W.v hnZzm-
·mÀ¡v {_Ò-tem-Is¯ {]m]n-¡p-hm-\pÅ hgn CXm-Wv.
Ahn-Zzm-·mÀ¡p \ntcm-[-Øm-\hpw CXm-W.v
XtZ-jtÇmIxþ
ta¸-dª AÀ°-¯n Xmsg-]dv -bp¶ tÇmIw D­v.
N P
(a-{´w) iYw ssN ImN lrZ-bky \mUy:þ K
kvXmkmw aqÀ²m-\-a-`n\nx krssXIm
XtbmÀ²zm-am-b¶ arX-Xz-taXn hnjz
§\ym DÂ{I-atW `h-´ypÂ{IatW `h´n
lrZ-bs¯ kw_-Ôn¨v \qsäm¶v \mUn-IÄ D­v. Ah
aqÀ²m-hn IqSn shfn-bn h¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXnÂIqSn
taevt]m«p t]mIp-¶-h³ Aar-X- Xzs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. ]e
hgn-¡pÅ aäp \mUn-IÄ DÂ{I-a-W-¯n\p am{Xw D]-tbm-
K-s¸-Sp-¶-h-bm-Ip- ¶p.
Ggmw JÞw
b Bßm f ] lX ]m]vam hnPtcm
hnar-Xyp-h n-timtIm hnPn-Lt- Õmy f]n
]mkx kXy-Imax kXy-k-¦ev]x tkm
f t\zãhyx knhn-Pn-Ú m-kn-Xhyx, kh
Àhmw Ý temIm-\m-]vt\mXn kÀhmwÝ
Imam³ bkvXa - m-ßm\ a\znjy hnPm\m
XoXnl {]Pm-]Xn cp]m-N.
GsXm-cm-ßm-hm- tWm, [À½m- [À½-cq-]-amb ]m]-an-Ãm- ¯-
Xpw, Pc-bn-Ãm- ¯-Xpw, arXyp-hn-Ãm- ¯-Xpw, timI-an-Ãm-¯-Xpw,
`£n-¡p-¶-Xn\v B{K-l-an-Ãm-¯-Xpw, ]n]m-k-bn-Ãm-¯-Xpw,
kXy-§-fmb Ima-§-tfmSp IqSn-bX - pw, kXy-§-fmb k¦-
ev]-§-tfmSp IqSn-b-Xpw, Bbn-cn-¡pt¶m AXv At\z-jn-¡-
s¸-tS-­- Xm-Ip-¶p, Adn-bm³ B{K-ln-¡-s¸-tS-­- Xm-Ip-¶p.
BcmtWm B Bßm-hns\ At\z-jn-¨,v Ah-\-h\v A\p-`-
h-apÅ \ne-bn-em-¡p-¶Xv Ah³, FÃm temI-§-tfbpw
FÃm Ima-§-tfbpw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
Xt²m-`tb tZhm-kpcm A\p-_p-_p[n
tc; tX tlmNqxþ l´! Xam-ßm\
a\zn-Ñ mtam bam-ßm-\-a-\zn-jy-kÀhmw
Ýtem-Im-\m-]vt\mXn kÀÆmw-Ý -Im-a m-\nXn
Ct{µm sslh tZhm\m a`n-{]-h-{hmP;
hntcm-Nt\m f kpcmWmw; Xu lmkw hn
`m\m thh kan³ ]mWo {]Pm-]Xn
kIm-i -am-P -ÜXpx
{]Pm-] -X n-bpsS hN-\s¯ tZhm-k p-X-c-·mÀ c­p
Iq«cpw A\p-t_m-[n-¨p. Cu tZhm-kp-c-·mÀ ]d-ªp. GXv
Bßm-hns\ At\z-jn-¨n-«mtWm FÃm temI-§-tf-bpw,
FÃm Ima- §- tfbpw {]m]n- ¡p- ¶Xv B Bßm- hns\ Ct¸mÄ
\ap¡v At\z-jn-¡mw. tZh-·m-cn C{µ³ Xs¶ {]Pm-]-Xn-
bpsS ASp-¡-te¡p t]mbn. Akp-c-·m-cn hntcm-N\ - ³
t]mbn. AhÀ ]c- k] v cw ssa{Xn sN¿m-sX-X- s¶, ssI¿nÂ
kan-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS kao-]¯v F¯n.

I Xu l Zzm{Xnw iXw hÀjmWn {_ÒN
À¿aq-jXpx, Xul {]Pm-]-Xn-cp-hm-Nþ
Inan-Ñ´
- m-h-hm-kvXa - nXn Xu tlmNXpx
b Bßmy f]l-X-]m]vam hnPtcm
hnar-X ypÀ hntimtImfhnPn- LtÕmf
]n]mkx kXy-Imax kXy-k-¦ev]x
tkmft\zãhyx, k hnPn-Ú m-k n-Xhyx
kÀhmwÝ temIm\m ]vt\mXn kÀhmwÝ
Imam³, bkvXa - m-ßm-\-a-\znjy hnPm\m
XoXn `K-htXm htNm thZ-b-t´. X
anÑ-´m-h-hm-k vX-a n-X n.
AhÀ ap¸- ¯n- c­p hÀj- ¡mew {_Ò- N-cy- t¯mSp hkn- bpÅ {]Xn-cq-]s¯ ImWp-¶p.
¨p. Ah- tcmSv {]Pm- ]Xn \n§Ä F´ns\ CÑn- ¨p-sIm-­mWv
hkn-¨Xv? F¶p tNmZn-¨p. GXv Bßm-hmtWm ]m]-an-Ãm-
¯Xpw Pc-bn-Ãm-¯Xpw arXyp-hn-Ãm-¯-Xpw, timI-an-Ãm-
¯Xpw Bin- ¡m³ CÑ-bn-Ãm-¯Xpw ]n]m-k-bn-Ãm-¯Xpw
kXy-§-fmb Ima§tfmSp IqSn- bXpw kXy-§-fmb k¦-
ev]§- -tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw Bbn-«p-Å-Xv, B Bßmhv At\z-
jn-¡-s¸-tS-­Xpw km£m¡- cn-¡-s¸-tS-avSXpw BIp-¶p.
BcmtWm Bßm-hns\ imkv{Xm-N m-tcym-]-tZ-i-§ -s f-
s¡m­v Adnªv A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶Xv Ah³ FÃm
temI-§-tfbpw FÃm Ima-§-tf-bpw, {]m]n-¡p-¶p. C{]-
Im- c-apÅ `K- hmsâ hm¡p inã- ·mÀ Adn-bp- ¶p. B Bßm- ·mcpw, \Ã hkv{X-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-hcpw, ]cn-jI
hns\ Adn-hm³ CÑn-¨p-sIm­p R§Ä {_Ò-Nc - y-¯n am-bn«v DZ- i- cm- h- ¯n t\m¡p-hn³''. AhÀ \Ã-h®w Bew-
hkn-¨p.
Xu l {]Pm-]-Xn-cp-hm-Nþ- b Gtjm f
£nWn ]pcptjm ZriyX Gj Btß
Xn tlmhmssNXZ arX-a-`b taX
Zv{_tÒ-Xn. AY tbm f bw `Kthm f
]vkp ]cn-Jym-b-tX, b Ýmb-am-ZÀi
IXa Gj CXn. Gj D G sshjvT
kÀth-jz-t´jvT ]cn-Jym-bX CXntlm hmN.
Ah-tcmSv {]Pm-]Xn ]d-ªp: A£n-bn GXp ]pcp-j-
\mtWm Cu ImW- s¸-Sp-¶Xv AXv Bßmhv BIp-¶p. AXv
ac-W-an-Ãm-¯Xpw `b-an-Ãm-¯Xpw BIp-¶p. AXv {_Ò-am-
Ip-¶p. F¶pw {]Pm-]Xn ]d-ªp. `K-hmt\ GXmtWm
A¸p-I-fn Cu Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶-X,v GXmtWm ]ns¶ I®m-
Sn-bn Cu Adn-b -s ¸-Sp-¶ -X v, Cu Bßmhv AXnÂ
GXmWv? F¶v C{µ, hotcm-N-\· - mÀ tNmZn-¨p. Cu ]pcp-
j³ Xs¶ Cu a²y-§-fn-seÃmw Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.
F«mw JÞw
DZ-i-cmh Bßm-\-a-th£y bZm
ßt\m \ hnPm-\oY kvXt·{]
N P
271
{_qX-an-Xn. Xutlm icm-thyth K
£mw N{Im-tX. Xul {]Pm-]Xn
cphm-N, Inw ]iyY CXn Xu tlm
NXpx kÀh-ta-thZw `Kh Bßm\w
]iymh Btem-a`y A\-t`Jyw {]Xn cp]-an-Xn.
DZIw \ndª N«n-bnÂ, Bßm-hns\ Bth-£Ww
sNbvXn«v F´mtWm Bßm- hns\ kw_- Ôn¨v \n§Ä Adn-
bm-¯Xv AXns\ Ft¶mSp ]d-bp-hn³. F¶v {]Pm-]Xn ]d-
ªp. AhÀ DZIw \ndª icm-h-¯n (N-«n-bnÂ)
t\m¡n. Ah-tcmSv {]Pm-]Xn tNmZn¨p: \n§Ä F´p
ImWp¶p? AhÀ ]dªp `K-hms\ R§Ä apgp-h³
Bßm-hn-t\bpw AXm- bXv tcma- §Ä apX \J§Ä hsc-
Xu l {]Pm-]-Xn-cq-hmN "km[zew
IrXu kph k\u ]cn-jvIrXu `qtXz
Zi-cmthft]t£-Ym-an-Xn. Xu l
km[zew IrXu kph-k\u ]cnjv
IrXu `qtXzm Zi-cmth f th£mw
N{Im-sX. Xu l {]Pm-]Xn cphmN:-þ
Inw ]iyY' CXn.
Ah-tcmSv {]Pm-]Xn ]dªp ""\Ã-h®w Bew-Ir-X-
v r-X-·m-cp-
Ir-X-·mcpw ]cn-jI v r-Xcpw Bbn-¯oÀ¶n«v DZ-i-cm-h¯- nÂ
t\m¡n. Ah-tcmSv ""\n§Ä F´p ImWp¶p?'' F¶v {]Pm-
]-Xn tNmZn-¨p.
Xu tlmNXpx bssY thZ amhmw
`Khx km[zmewIrXu kph-k\u
]cn-jvIrXu kzx, Gh tath au
`Khx km[zew IrXu kph k\u
]cn-jvIrXm hnXn. Gj BtßXn tlm
hm ssNX Zar-Xa `b taXZv {_tÒXn.
Xu l im´ lrZbu {]h-{h-P-Xvx
AhÀ ]dªp "" `K-hmt\ GXp-{]-Im-c-¯n-emtWm
R§Ä C§s\ \Ã-h®w Bew-Ir-X-·mcpw \à hk-\-
t¯m-Sp- Iq-Sn-b- hcpw, ]cn-jI
v r-X- ·mcpw Bbn-cn- ¡p-¶Xv A{]-
Imcw Xs¶ `K-hm-t\, Cu "Ombm-·m-¡Ä' th­hn[w
Bew-Ir-X-·m-cmbpw, \Ã hkv{X-§-tfmSp IqSn-b-h-cpw, ]cn-
jvIr- X- cp-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
Xu lm\zo£y {]Pm-]-Xn-cp-hmN:-
A\p-]-e`ym f f ßm\ a\-\ p-hnZy {hP-tXm,
bXc GX-Zp-c-]n-jtXm `hn-jy´n tZ
hm hm f kpcm-hm, tX ]cm-`-hn-jy-´oXn
 272
I k l im´ lrZb Gh hntcm-Nt\m f
kpcm³ PKma tXt`ym sslXm-ap-]\n
jZw t{]mhmNm f f ssß th l al-¿,
Bßm ]cn-NÀ¿ Bßm\ tathl al
b¶m-ßm\w ]cn-Nc - ¶p `u temImh
hm]vt\m-Xoaw Nmapw tNXn.
A§s\ t]mIp¶ C{µ-hn-tcm-N-\· - msc I­n«v {]Pm-
]Xn ]dªp:þ Bßm-hns\ Adn-bm-sX-bpw, A\p-`h - -s¸-Sp-
¯m-sXbpw ChÀ t]mIp-¶p. tZh-·mtcm Akp-c-·mtcm
BcmtWm ChÀ B{K-ln-¨n-«p-Å-Xp-t]mse Bßm-hn-Zysb
{Kln-¨h - c
- mbn Xocm³ t]mIp-¶Xv AhÀ t{itbm-amÀ¤-
¯n \n¶p sXän-t¸m-Ipw. B hntcm-N-\³ im´ lrZ-b-
\mbn Akp-c- ·m-cpsS ASp-¡-te¡p t]mbn. AhÀ¡v Cu
D]- \n- j¯p ]dªp sImSp-¯p. Cu temI- ¯n Bßmhp
Xs¶ ]qPn-¡-s¸-tS-­- Xm-W.v Bßm-hmWv ]cn- N-cn-¡-s¸-tS-
­-X v. Cu temI-¯ n Bßm-h n-s\-¯ -s ¶, ]qPn-¨p-
sIm­pw Bßm-hns\ ]cn-N-cn-¨p-sIm­pw Ccn-¡p-¶-hÀ,
c­p temI- §-tfbpw AXm-bXv Cu temI-t¯bpw ]c-tem-
I-t¯bpw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
Xkvam-Z-]tZy lmZ Zm\-a-{i-±-[m-\-ab
Pam\ amlp-cm-kptcm _tXXn; Akp
cmtWm, tlytjm-]-\n-jXv t{]Xky
icocw `n£-bm-h-kt\ \mew Imtc
tWXn kwkv¡p-h-´n. GtX\ lypapw
temIw tPyjyt´m a\y-t´.
AXn-\m Ft¸mgpw Cu temI-¯n Zm\w sN¿m-¯-
hpw, {i²-bn-Ãm-¯-h-\pw, bPn-¡-io-e-an-Ãm-¯-h\pw Bbn-
«p-Å-hs\ Ah³ Akp- c-kz-`m- h-ap-Å-XmWv F¶v inã-·mÀ
]d-bp-¶p. Fs´- ¶m Cu D]-\n-j¯v Akp-c- ·mÀ¡p-Å-
Xm-Wv. arXsâ ico-cs¯ KÔ-am-eym-Zn-IÄ sIm­pw
hkv{Xw-sIm­pw Ae-¦m-cw- sIm­pw aäpw kwkvI-cn-¡p-
¶p. Cu ih-kw-kvImcw sIm­v ]c-tem-Is¯ Pbn-¡m-
sa¶v AhÀ hnNm-cn-¡p-¶p.
H³]Xmw JÞw
AY tlt{µm f {]mss]yh tZhmt\
XZv `bw ZZÀi:þ b ssYh Jezb
akvan-RvO-cotc km[z-ew-IrtX km[zew
IrtXm `hXn kpJ kt\ kpJ k\x
]cn-jvIrtX ]cn-jvIr-X, Gh-ta-hmb
akvan-¶tÔ f tÔm `h-Xn, {kmta {km
ax ]cn-hrIvtW ]cn-hrIvtWm f ssky
h ico-c-\m-i-a-t\zj \iy-Xn.
N P
C{µ³ tZh-·msc {]m]n¡pw ap³]p-Xs¶ Xmsg-¸-d- K
bp¶ `bw I­p. GXp {]Im-c-¯n-emtWm Cu Ombm-
ßmhv Cu icocw th­-hn-[-¯n Aew-Ir-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-
t¼mÄ th­ hn[w Ae-¦-cn-¡-s¸-«-Xmbpw \Ã hkv{X-
t¯mSp IqSn-b-Xm-bn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ \Ã hkv{X- t¯mSp IqSn-
b-Xmbpw \J-tcm-am-Zn-IÄ CÃm-Xn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ ]cn-jvIr-X-
ambpw `hn-¡p-¶-Xv, CXp-t]m- se-Xs¶ Cu Ombm- ßm-hv, Cu
icocw AÔ-am-bn- cp-¶m AÔ-am- bpw, It®m aqt¡m Hen-
¡p-¶ -Xm-bn-c p-¶m It®m aqt¡m Hen-¡ p-¶-Xm-bpw,
ssItbm Imtem apdn-ª-Xm-bn-cp-¶m ssItbm Imtem
apdn-ª-Xmbpw Xocp-¶p. Cu ico-c¯ - nsâ Xs¶ \miw
A\p-k-cn¨v CXpw \in-¡pw.
\ml a{X t`mKyw ]iym-ao-Xn. k k
an ]mWnx ]p\tc bmb; Xw l
{]Pm-]Xn cphmN:-þ aL-h³, bÑm-´
lrZbx {]m{hmPox kmÀ²w hntcm
Nt\\ Inan-ѳ ]p\-cm-Ka CXn.
ktlm-hmNxþ b ssYh Jezbw `Kthm f
kvan³ icotc km[z-ew-IrtX km[z
ewIrtXm `h-Xn, kph-kt\ kph-k\x
]cn-jvIrtX ]cn-jvIrX; Ghta
hmb akvan-¶tÔ f tÔm `h-Xn,
{kmta-{kmax ]cn-hrIvtW ]cn-hrIv
Wx Asskyh ico-cky \mi-a-t\zj
\iyXn; \ml a{X t`mKyw ]iyman
CXn.
Ombmß ZÀi- \-¯n inã- amb ^es¯ Rm³ ImWp-
¶n-Ã. F¶v C{µ³ ssIbn kan-¯p-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn ho­pw
Kan-¨p. Ah-t\mSp {]Pm-]Xn tNmZn¨p: aL-hm, \o im´-
lr-Z-b-\m-bn«v hntcm-N-\-\p-sam-cp-an-¨v, kzKr-l-¯n- te¡p
t]mb-Xn\p tijw F´v CÑn¨v \o XncnsI h¶p? Ah³
]d-ªp. `K-hms\ GXp {]Im-c-¯n-emtWm Cu Ombm-
ßmhv Cu icocw th­pw-h®w Aew-Ir-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-
t¼mÄ, \Ã hkv{X-t¯mSp IqSn-bn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ \Ã hkv{X-
t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b- Xmbpw ]cn-jI v r-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ ]cn- jI
v r-
X-ambpw `hn-¡pt¶m AXp-t]mse Cu Nmbm-ßmhv Cu
icocw AÔ- am-bn- cn- ¡p- t¼mÄ AÔ- am- bpw, It®m aqt¡m
Hen- ¡p-¶- Xm- bn- cn- ¡p-t¼mÄ It®m aqt¡m Hen-¡p-¶-Xmbpw
ssItbm Imtem apdn- ª- Xm- bn- cn- ¡p-t¼mÄ ssItbm Imtem
apdn-ª- Xmbpw `hn- ¡pw. Cu ico-c-¯nsâ Xs¶ \mis¯
A\p-k-cn¨v Cu Ombm-ßmhpw \in-¡pw. Cu Ombmß
ZÀi-\-¯n KpjvT- ^ew Rm³ ImWp-¶n-Ã.
Gh ta sshj aL-h-¶nXn tlmhm
ssNXw tXzh tX `qtbm f \phymJym
kyman; hkm-]-cmWn Zzm{Xnw iXw
 273

I hÀjm-Wo-Xn. klm-]-cmWn Zzm{Xnw Xy\Ôx k `h-Xn, bZn-{kma a{km K

iXw hÀjm-Wyp-hmk Xkvssa tlmhmN. tam ss\sshtjm f ky tZmtjW ZpjyXn
aL- hmt\ Cu Ombm-ßmhv C§s\ Xs¶ F¶p {]Pm- C{µ³ ]mWn-bn kan-¯p-It- fm-Sp-IqSn ho­pw h¶p.
]Xn ]dªp. {]Ir-X-amb Cu Bßm-hn- s\-¯s¶ \n\- ¡p- Ah-t\mSv {]Pm-]Xn tNmZn-¨p. aL-hm, \o km´-lr-Z-b-
ho­pw hymJym-\n-¨p-X- cmw. thsd Hcp ap¸-¯n- c­p hÀj- \mbn {]{h-Pn-¨n«v F´ns\ CÑn¨p-ho­pw h¶n-cn-¡p¶p?
¡mew IqSn {_Ò-N-cy-¯n-en-¡q. C{µ³ thsd Hcp ap¸- Ah³ ]d- ªp. `K-hms\ Cu icocw AÔ-am-bn-cp- ¶m-epw,
¯n-c­p hÀj-¡mew IqSn {_Ò-N -cy-¯n hkn-¨p. B kz]v\m-ßmhv AÔ-a-Ãm-¯-Xm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu icocw
Ah\v {]Pm-]Xn ]dªp sImSp-¯p. {ka-am-bn-cp-¶mepw kz]v\m-ßm-hv A{km-a-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
Cu kz]v\m-ßm-hv, Cu ico-c¯ - nsâ tZmj-¯m XoÀ¨-
bmbpw Zpjn-¡p-¶n-Ã.
]¯mw JÞw
\ ht[ \mky l\ytX; \mky {kmtay
b Gj kz]vt\ alob am\-Ý-c-tXyj W {kmax, Lv\´ntXz ssh\w hn
BtßXn tlmhm-ssN-XZ arX-a-`b ÑmZ-b-´o-hm, {]nbth t¯h `hXy
taXZv {_tÒXn kl-im´ lrZbx ]ntcm-Zn-Xoh; \ml a{X-t`mKyw ]iym
{]h-{hmP. k lm {]mss]y h tZhm aoXn. Ghta sshj al-h-¶nXn
t\XZv `bw ZZÀi XZv bZy ]nZ tlmhm ssNXw tXzhtX `qtbm f
ico-c-aÔw `h-XyÔx k `h-Xn, \p hymJym-kyman; hkm ]cm-WnZzm
bZn {kmaa {kmtam, ss\ ssh tjm f {XnwiXw hÀj-Wo-Xn. klm-]cm
kytZm-tjW ZpjyXn Wn-Zzm{Xnw iXw hÀjm-Wyp-hmk
GXm-¶m- tWm, kz]v\-¯n ]qPn- ¡- s¸-Sp- ¶- Xmbn k©- Xkvssa tlmhm-N.
cn- ¡p-¶Xv AXv Bßm-hm-Ip- ¶p. AXv Aar-Xhpw A`-bhpw
Cu ico-c¯nsâ {kmam-hØ - -bm {kma-am-bn-cn-¡p-
BIp- ¶p. AXp {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p. C§s\ {]Pm-]Xn ]d- ªp.
¶n-Ã. F¶m Cu kz]v\m-ßmhns\ l\n-¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-se-
Ah³ km´-lr-Z-b\ - m-bn«v kzKr-l-¯n-te¡p t]mbn.
bn-cn-¡p¶p; HmSn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-se-bn-cn¡p-¶p, Cu kz]v\m-
Ah³ tZh-·msc {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xn\p ap³]p-Xs¶ Xmsg-¸-d-
ßmhv A{]nbw Adn-bp-¶-Xp-t]m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Ic-bp-¶-Xp-
bp¶ tZmjw I­p. Cu icocw AÔ-am-bn-cp-¶m-epw, B
t]mse Ccn- ¡p-¶p, Rm³ Cu kz]v\mß ZÀi\¯n Cã-
kz]v\m-ßmhv AÔ-a-Ãm-¯Xv Bbn-cn-¡p-¶p. icocw {kma-
^ew ImWp-¶n-Ã. aL-hm, C§n-s\- X-s¶- bmWv F¶v {]Pm-
am-bn- cp- ¶mepw kz]v\m- ßmhv {kma- a- Ãm-¯- Xm- bn- cn- ¡p- ¶p. Cu
]Xn ]d-ªp. F¶m CXn-s\-¯-s¶, \n\¡v ho­pw
kz]v\m-ßmhv Cu ico-c- ¯nsâ tZmj-¯m Zpjn- ¡p- ¶n- Ã.
hymJym-\n-¨p-X-cmw. thsd Hcp ap¸-¯n-c­p hÀjw-IqSn
\ ht[ \mky-l-\ytX; \mky-{kmtay {_Ò-Ncyw A\p-jT v n-¡q F¶p ]dªp. Ah³ thsd Hcp
W {kmax; Lv\´ntXz ssh\w hnÑm ap¸-¯n-c-­p-hÀjw IqSn {_Ò-Ncyw A\p-jT v n¨p. Ah\v
Zb´o hm{]nb tht¯h `hXn; A {]Pm- ] Xn ]dªp sImSp- ¯ p.

]n tcmZn-Xoh; \m{X t`mKy ]iymaoXn.

Cu ico-c- ¯nsâ h[-¯mÂ, kz]v\m-ßmhp l\n- ¡-s¸- ]Xn- s \m¶mw JÞw
Sp-¶n-Ã. Cu ico-c-¯nsâ {kmam-h-Ø -bm kz]v\m-ßmhv XZy ss{XXXv kp]vXx ka]vXx kw{]
{kma-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶n-Ã. F¶m Cu kz]v\m-ßzns\ l\n-
k¶x kz]v\w \ hnPm-\m-tXyj B
¡p-¶-Xp-t]msebncn-¡p-¶p. HmSn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse Ccn-¡p-
¶p. A{]n-bs¯ A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse Ccn-¡p-¶p. Ic- tßXn tlmhm-ssNX Zar-X-a-`b- -taX
bp-¶-Xp-t]mse Ccn-¡p-¶p. Rm³ Cu kz]v\mß ZÀi-\- Zv {_tÒ-Xn, k l im´ lrZbx
¯n Cã-amb ^ew ImWp-¶n- Ã. {]h-{hmP; k lm {]mss]yh tZhm
k kan ]mWnx ]p\-tc-bmbv; t\XZv `bw ZZÀi:- \ml Jezb
Xw l {]Pm-]-Xn-cp-hmN:-þ aL-h³ tahw kw{]-Xym-ßm\w P\m-Xyb
b Ñm´-lr-Zbx {]m{hmPox Inan al-a-kvaoXn; t\m Gth-am\n `qXm
ѳ ]p\-cm-Ka CXn. ktlm-hm-Nþ \n; hn\m-i-tahm ]otXm `h-Xn, \m
XZyZy ]oZw `Khx ico-c-aÔw `h la{X t`mKyw ]iym-anXn
N P
 274
I B hnj-b-¯n Bcm-tWm, kI-eI - c
- -W-hym-]m-c-§-
tfbpw D]-kw-l- cn-¨,v Cu kv]\
v w kzhn-¡p-¶-h-\m-bpw, \Ã-
h®w {]k- ¶-\mbpw kz]v\s¯ Adn-bm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv, AXv
Bßm-hm-Ip-¶p. CXn Aar-Xhpw A`-b-hp-am-Ip-¶p. CXv
{_Ò-am-Ip-¶p. C§s\ ]d-ªp. C{µ³ im´ lrZ-b\ - m-
bn«v t]mbn. B C{µ³ tZh-·m-cpsS ASp-¡Â F¯p-¶-
Xn\p ap¼m-bn-¯s¶ Cu `bw I­p. Cu kpjp-]vXm-h-
Ø-bn DÅ Bßmhv CXv Rm³ BIp¶p F¶n-§s\
Ah-\-hs\ th­pw h®w XoÀ¨-bmbpw Adn-bp-¶n-Ã, Cu
`qX-§tf Adn-bp-¶n-Ã, hn\m-is¯ {]m]n-¨-Xp-t]mse
Bbn- ¯o-cp- ¶p. Rm³ Cu kpjp-]vXmß ZÀi-\-¯n Cã-
amb ^ew ImWp-¶n- Ã. B C{µ³ I¿n kan-¯p-I-tfm-
Sp-IqSn ho­pw {]Pm]Xn- bpsS ASp-¡Â sN¶p. Ah-t\mSp
{]Pm-]Xn ]d-ªp, amL-hm, \o im´- lr-Z-b-\m-bn«p t]mb-
Xnsâ tijw F´v CÑn-¨mWv ho­pw h¶n-cn-¡p¶Xv?
C{µ³ ]d- ªp. `K- hmt\ Cu kpjp-]vXm-ßmhv CXp Rm\m-
ImWp¶p F¶n-§s\ Ah-\-hs\ Adn-bp- ¶ntÃ? Cu `qX-
§-tfbpw Adn-bp-¶ntÃ? hn\m-is¯ {]m]n-¨-h-s\-t¸mse
Bbn-¯o-cpt­m? Rm³ Cu kpjp-]vXmß ZÀk-\-¯nÂ
Cã-amb ^ew ImWp-¶n-Ã. Bßm-hn-\p-hn-\miw hcp¶p
F¶v tXm¶p-¶n-Ã.
Gh ta sshj aL-h-¶nXn tlmhm
ssNXw tXz htX `qtbm f \phymJym
kyw an t\m sFhm-\yss{X Xkvam-Xv,
hkm-]-cman ]© hÀjm-WoXn
klm-]-cmWn ]© hÀjmWyp-hmk
Xmt\y-I-iXw kwt]Zpx GXXv
XXv bZm-lptc iXw l ssh hÀjm
Wn aL-hm³ {]Pm-]Xu {_Ò-Ncy
aphmk Xkvssa tlmhmN
amLhm, Cu kpjvT- ]Xv m-ßmhv A§s\ Xs¶ F¶v
{]Pm-]Xn ]d-ªp. F¶m AXp \n\¡v hymJym-\n-¨p-X-
cmw. CX-ÃmsX thsd H¶pw AX- Ã. Hcp A©p hÀjw IqSn
{_Ò-Ncyw A\p-jvTn¡q F¶pw ]d-ªp. C{µ³ thsd
A©p-hÀjw-IqSn {_Ò-Ncyw A\p-jvTn-¨p. C{µ³ {_Ò-
Ncyw A\p- jvTn¨p \qsäm¶p XnIªp. amL- hm³ \qsäm¶p
hÀjw {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS ASp-¡Â {_Ò-N-cy-t¯msS hkn-
¨p. F¶p ]d-bm-dp-ÅXv CXp-sIm-­m-W.v C{µ-t\mSv {]Pm-
]Xn ]d-ªp.
]{´­mw JÞw
aL-h³, aÀ¯yw hm CZw ico-c-am¯w
arXyp\m XZ-kym-ar-Xky ico-c -kym-ßt\m f
[njvTm\w; Bt¯m ssh k icocx
{]nbm-{]nbm `ymw \ ssh k ico-cky
N P
kXx{]nbm {]nb-tbm-c-] -l-Xn-ckvXn; K
A icocw hmh-k´w \ {]nbm-{]ntb
kv]riXx
amL-hm, Cu icocw \in-¡p¶ kz`m-h-ap-Å-Xpw, arXyp-
hn-\m {KkvXhpw BIp-¶p. B idocw Aar-Xhpw ico-c-
an-Ãm-¯Xpw Bb Cu Bßm-hnsâ A[n-jT v m-\-am-W.v ki-
co- c-\m- bn-cn-¡p- t¼mÄ, {]nbm-{]n-b-§- fm {KkvX-\m-bn-cn- ¡p-
¶p. F¶Xv {]kn- ²-am-Wv. k ico- c-\m-bn-cn- ¡p-t¼mÄ {]nbm-
{]n- b- §Ä¡v apS¡w CÃ. Ai-co-c-\m- bn- cn-¡p-¶-hs\ {]nbm-
{]n-b-§Ä kv]Àin-¡p-¶n-Ã.
A icotcm hmbq-c{`w hnZyqXv kvX\
bnXv\pc ico-cm-tWyXm \n; XZyssY
Xm\y apjvam-Zm-Im-imXv kap-°mb
]cw tPymXn-cp-]-kw-]Zy tkz\ cp
t]Wm`n \njv]-Zyt´ Gh ta ssh
jkw- {]-kmtZm f kvamÑ-c o-cmXv kap
°mb ]cw tPymXn-cp-]-kw-]Zy tkz
\ cpt]-Wm-`n-\n-jv]-ZytX; k D¯a
]pcpjx; k X{X ]t¿Xn P£³
ca-am\x kv{Xo`nÀhm bm ss\ Àhm
ÚmXn `nÀhw t\m] P\w kvac´nZw icocw
hmbp ico-ca - n-Ãm-¯-Xm-Ip-¶p. hÀjn-¡p-¶Xv hnZypXv
BWv . apg-§ p¶ taLw Ch Ai- c oc§fm- I p- ¶ p.
A§ns\ Ccns¡ GXp {]Im-c-¯n-emtWm Ch B BIm-
i-¯n \n¶v kap-°m\w sNbvXn-«v, kqcy-kw-_Ônbmb
{]IrjvT-amb tPymXnÊv Gän-«v, kz´- cq-]-¯n A`n-\n-j] v -
¶-§- fm-Ip-¶pthm C{]-Imcw Cu kw{]km-Z³ Cu ico-c-
¯n \n¶v kap-°m\w sNbvXn-«v, ]c-a-amb tPymXnÊp
{]m]n-¨n-«v, kzcq-]-¯n A`n-\n-j] v -¶-\m-Ip-¶p. A§ns\
Bbn-¯oÀ¶-h³ D¯a ]pcp-j-\m-Ip-¶p. Ah³ B
kzmßm-hn lkn-¨p-sIm-­pw, `£n-¨p-sIm­pw kv{XoI-
sf- s ¡mt­m hml- \ -§ -s f-s ¡m-t ­m, ÚmXn-I - s f-
s¡mt­m {IoUn-¨p-sIm- ­pw, kv{Xo]p-cp-j-·m-cpsS At\ym-
t\ym-]-Kaw sIm­p-­m-Ip¶ Bßm-sh-¶pÅ \ne-bnÂ,
Bßm-hnsâ kmao-]y-t¯mSp IqSn P\n-¡p¶ Cu ico-
cs¯ kvacn-¡msX Npän k©-cn-¡p-¶p.
C\n Ai-co-c-kz-cq-]\pw A]-l-X-]m-]va-Xzm`n e£-W-
§-tfm-Sp IqSn-b-h-\p-amb B ]pcp-js\ A£n-bn Cu
ImW-s¸-Sp¶p F¶v {]Pm-]Xn ]d-ª-sX-§n-s\-bmWv?
F¶p Nn´n- ¡p-¶p. B ]pcp-j³ A£n-bn {]Xy-£- ambn
ImW-s¸-Sp-¶-sX-§n-s\-sb¶v ]d-bp-¶p. N£p-Ên ZÀi-
\-¯n\v tlXp F´m-sW¶v ]d-bp-¶p.
k bYm {]tbmKy BN-c-tW-bp-à,
Gh ta hmb akvanRvOcotc {]mtWm bpàx
 275

I B Zrãm- ´- sa-§ns\ F¶mÂGXp {]Im- c- ¯n- em-tWm, AXp-hgn tZh-·mÀ¡pw Bß- Úm\w e`y-am-bn. a\p-jy³ K
IpXnc, Imf apX-em-bXv k©-cW km[-\-amb cY-i-I-Sm-Zn- Aev]m-bp-Êm-W-¦n- epw, C{µm-Zn-I-sf-t¸mse Bßm-hns\
bn tNÀ¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv, A{]-Imcw Xs¶ Cu ico-c-¯n Adn-bm³ {ian-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦nÂ, FÃm Ima-§-tf-bpw,
Cu {]mW³ tNÀ¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. FÃm temI- §- tfbpw {]m]n- ¡m³ km[n¡p¶Xm- Wv. bkvX-
am- ßm- \- a- \p- hn- Zy-hn-Pm- \mXn F¶v s]mXp-hm- bn- «m- WtÃm {]Pm-
AY bss{X-X-Imi a\p-\n-j®w
]Xn ]dªncn¡p-¶-X v. AXn-\ m Bß-Ú m-\ hpw
N£px kN-£pjx ]pcpjx ZÀi AXnsâ ^e-{]m-]vXnbpw GhÀ¡pw Xpey-am-Wv.
\mb N£px AYtbm thZ Zw
]Xn-aq¶mw JÞw
Pn{Lm-WoXn k Bßm; KÔmb
{LmWw AYtbm thtZ-a`n hymlcm iymam-Ñ-_ew {]]tZy; i_-emÑym
Wo Xn k Bßm; A`n hymlm-cmbhm aw {]]tZy; Aiz C h tcmamWn
¡v; AYtbm thZZw irW-hm-\oXn hn[qb ]m]w, N{µ Ch cmtlm
k Bßm; {ih-Wm-b-t{im{Xw; AY À½pJmXv {]apNy [qXzm ico-c, aIrXw
tbm thZZw t\z\oXn k Bßm; IrXmßm {_Ò-tem-I-a-Zn-kw-`-hm-ao-Xn.
at\m f kyssZhw N£px k hm G Rm³ iyma-sa¶p ]d-bp¶ lmÀ±-amb {_Ò-¯nÂ
\n¶v, i_-e-sa¶p ]d-bp¶ {_Ò-tem-Is¯ {]m]n-¡p-am-
j GtX\ tZssh\ N£pjm a\
dm-I-s«. Rm³ {_-Ò-tem-I-¯n \n¶v iymas¯ {]m]n-¨n-
sskXm³ Imam-³ ]iy³ catX cn-¡ p-I -b m-W v. Rm³ Aizw-tcm-a -§ sf F¶-t]m-se,
b GtX {_Ò-temtI ]m]s¯ IpS-ªp-I-f-ªn«v cmlp-hnsâ apJ-¯n \n¶v
tZl-O n-{Z-¯ n A\p-jà- -amb N£pÊ Fhn-s S- apà- \m- bn- X- XoÀ¶n-«v, N{µ³ F¶- t]mse icocw shSn-ª,v
bmtWm AhnsS {]Ir-\mb Aico-c-\mb Bßmhv N£p- IrX-Ir-Xy-\m-bn«v \nXy-amb {_Ò-temIw {]m]n-¡p-am-dm-I-
Ên-epÅ ]pcp-j³ BIp-¶p. N£pÊv ZÀi- \-¯n-\pÅ Ic- s«. A`n-kw-`-hman F¶v c­p {]mhiyw ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶Xv
W-am-Ip-¶p. CXns\ Rm³ {LmWn-¡s« F¶v BcmtWm a{´w Ah-km-\n¨p F¶p ImWn-¸m-\m-Wv.
Adn-bp-¶-Xv, AXv Bßm-hm-Ip-¶p. {LmtW-{µnbw KÔ-{K- ]Xn-\ memw JÞw
l-W-¯n-\pÅ Ic-W-am-Ip-¶p. ]ns¶ CXns\ Rm³ A`n-
hym-lc- n-¡s« F¶v Adn-bp-¶Xv Bßm-hm-Ip-¶p. hmKn- BImtim ssh \ma \ma-cq-]tbm
{µnbw A`n-hym-lm-c-¯n-\ pÅ Ic-W-am-Ip-¶p. CXns\ À¶nÀh-lnXm; tX bZ-´-cm-cÀ±-{_-Ò,
Rm³ tIÄ¡s« F¶v Adn-bp-¶-Xm-tcm, AXv Bßm-hm- XZ-arXw k Bßm {]Pm-]tXx
Ip-¶p. a\Êv Cu Bßm-hnsâ ssZh-amb N£p-Êm-Ip-¶p.
k`mw thiva {]]tZy; btim f lw
A§-s\-bpÅ apà³ Cu ssZh-am-b, N£p-Êmb a\-
Êp-sIm­v {_Ò-tem-I-¯n-ep-Åh Ghtbm B Ima-§sf `hman {_mÒ-Wm-\mw. btim, cm
I­p-sIm­v can-¡p-¶p. Úmw, btim-hn-imw, btim f la³
Xw hm GXw tZhm Bßm\ {]m]Õn; klmlw bikmw bix,
ap]m-ktX; Xkva mtX; Xkvam-XtX tiyX aZXv IaZ XvIw tiyXw
jmw kÀth N temIw B¯mx enµp am f `nKmw enµp am f `nKmw
kÀth N Imamx, k kÀhmw Ý BImi-sa¶p {ipXn-I-fn {]kn-²a-am-bn-«pÅ Bßm-
hv, \ma-¯n-sâbpw cq]-¯n-sâbpw hymIÀ¯m-hm-Ip-¶p.
temIm-\m-]vt\m-Xn, kÀhmw Ý Imam³,
B \ma- cq- ]-§Ä GXnsâ a[y- ¯n- em- Ip- ¶p- thm, AXp {_Ò-
bkvX-am-ßm\ a\p-hnZy hnPm-\m-XoXn am-Ip-¶ p. AsÃ-¦n B \ma-cq-] -§ -fpsS a[y-¯nÂ
l {]Pm-]-Xn-cp-hmN {]Pm-]-Xncp hmN GXmtWm DÅ-Xv, AXp {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p. AXv Aar-X-am-Ip-
A§n-s\-bpÅ Cu Bßm-hns\ tZh-·mÀ D]m-kn-¡p- ¶p, AXv Bßm-hm-Ip-¶p. Rm³ {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS k`-bmb
¶p. AXn-\m AhÀ¡v FÃm temI-§fpw FÃm Ima- Krls¯ {]m]n-¡p-am-dm-I-s«, Rm³ {_mÒ-W-cpsS bi-
§fpw {]m]vX- §fm- bn-cn- ¡p-¶p. BcmtWm B Bßm- hns\ Êmbn `hn-¡p- am-dm-I- s«, cmPm- ¡-·m- cpsS bi- Êmbn `hn- ¡p-
imkv{Xm-NmÀt¿m-]-tZ-i-§Ä sIm­v Adn-ªn«v A\p-`h - - am-dm-I-s«, sshiy-cpsS bi-Êmbn `hn-¡p-am-dm-I-s«, Rm³
s¸-Sp-¶-Xv, Ah³ FÃm temI-§-tfbpw FÃm Ima-§- ta ]d-ª-h-cpsS bi-Êns\ A\p-{]m-]n-¡p-\-\-Xn\v CÑn-
tfbpw {]m]n-¡p¶p F¶p {]Pm-]Xn ]d-bp-¶p. ¡p-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ Rm³, tZtl-{µn-b-at\m _p²n-cq-]-
§-fmb bi-Êp-I-fpsS Bßm-hm-Ip-¶p. Rm³ tcmln-X-
C{µ³ A\p-jvTn¨ {_Ò-N- cy-¯nsâ ^e-ambn C{µ\pw hÀ®-hpw, Z´-lo-\-hpw, `£n-¡p-¶Xpw Bb tcmln-X-

N P
 276
I hÀ®-amb ]nÑne hkvXp-hn-s\, A`n-K-an-¡-cp-Xv.
Bßm-s h¶p ]d- b p- ¶ Xv FÃm P´p- ¡ Ä¡pw,
A´À¿m-anbpw ssNX-\y-kz-cq-] hpw Ah-\- h\ - p-X s¶
A\p-`-h-ap-Å-Xp-am-W.v Aico-c\pw BIm-iw-t]mse kÀh-
K-X\pw Bb Bßmhv {_Ò-am-W.v B Bßm-hmb {_Òw
AXm-b-Xv, ac-W-an-Ã m¯ kz`m-h-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-Ip-¶p.
NXpÀ½p-J-\mb {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS k`-bn {]m]n-¡p-am-dm-
Is« F¶XpsIm­p- t±- in- ¡p- ¶Xv A\- ´- amb Bßm- hnsâ
eb-am-Wv. {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS k`bw {]m]n-¡p-¶-sX-´n-\m-W¶v
hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p-¶p- ­v. e´-¡m-t]mse tcmln-X-hÀ®-hpw,
Z´- c-ln-X-hpw, F¶m `£n-¡p- ¶-Xp-amb (A- Xns\ tkhn-
¡p-¶-h-cpsS hoÀ¿hpw _ehpw tXPÊpw \in-¸n-¡p-¶-
Xn-\m `£n-¡p¶ F¶p ]d- ªn-cn-¡p-¶- Xv) tbm\n F¶p
]d-bp¶ kv{XoI-fpsS {]P- t\- {µ-am- Ip¶ hkvXphns\ Rm³
{]m]n-¡p-hm³ CS-hc - -cpXv F¶-X p-sIm-­p-t±-in-¡p¶Xv
]p\ÀP-·-ap-­m-I-cp-sX-¶-Xm-Wv. enµpamf `nKmw F¶p c­p
XhW ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv, AXy´w A\À°-am-sW¶v
ImWn-¸m-\m-Wv.
]Xn-\ ©mw JÞw
Xss²-XZv {_Òm {]Pm-]-Xb Dhm
N, {]Pm-]-XnÀ½-\t- h, a\px {]mPm
`yx BNmcy Ipem-tZz-Z-a-[oXy
bYm-hn-[m\w Kptcmx IÀ½mXn titj
WmZn kam-hr-Xn, IpSpwt_ ipsNu
tZti kzm[ymb a[n-bmt\m [À½n-Im³
hnZ-[-Zm-ß\n kÀth-{µn-bmWn kw{]
XnjvTm]ym lnwk³ kÀh-`q-Xm-\y-\y{X
XoÀt°`yx kJ-tezhw hÀ¯-b³
bmh-Zm-bpjw {_Ò-tem-I-aZn kw
]Zy-tX, \ N ]p\-cm-hÀ¯-tX, \N
]p\-c m-h À¯-tX.
Cu Bß- Ú m- \ s¯ lncWy KÀ`³ AYhm
lncWyKÀ`³ hgn ]c- ta- iz-c³ {]Pm-]-Xn¡v ]dªp sImSp-
¯p. BNm-cy-Ip-e¯ - n \n¶v hn[n A\p-k-cn¨v Kpcp-hn-
\p-th­n IÀ½w sNbvXn«v _m¡n-bpÅ kabw sIm­v
thZm-²y-b\w sNbvXn-«v, A`n-k-am-hÀ¯\w sNbvXv, IpSpw-
_-¯n ØnXn-sN-bvXv, ipNn-bmb tZi-¯n Ccp-¶v,
kzm[ym-bw, A[y-b\w Ch sNbvXp-sIm­pw [mÀ½n-I· - m-
cmb ]p{X-·msc P\n-¸n-¡-bpw, injysc k¼m-Zn-¡-bpw,
sNbvXp-sIm­pw FÃmw C{µn-b-§-tfbpw Bßm-hn D]-
kw- l-c n-¨pw, imkv{X- ¯n hn[n-¨ n-«p-ÅnS-s¯m-g nsI
bmsXmcp `qX-§-tfbpw lnwkn-¡m-sX-bpw, Bbp-Êp-Ån-S-
t¯mfw Imew C§s\ hÀ¯n-¡p¶ A[n-Im-cn, {_Ò-
temIw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. ho­pw BhÀ¯n-¡-bn-Ã.
{_Òmhv AXm-bXp lnc-Wy-KÀ`³ hgn-bmbn ]c-ta-iz-
N P
c³, Imiy-h³ F¶ {]Pm-]-Xn¡v CXv D]-tZ-in¨p sImSp- K
¯p. Iiy-]³ Xsâ ]p{X-\mb a\p-hn-\pw, a\p Xsâ {]P-
IÄ¡pw D]-tZ-in-¨p. Kpcp injy-]-c-¼-c-bmbn D]-\n-j-
Úm\w hnZzm-·m-cn-te¡v ]I-cp-¶p.
CXn Bdp apX-epÅ aq¶v A²ym-b-§-fn DÅ
Bß hnZy k^-ea - m-W¶v Adn-bp-¶n-S-t¯m-fw, IÀ½- §-
se-sIm­v bmsXmcp {]tbm-P-\-hp-an-Ã-¶p-h¶p IqSp-¶p.
A§ns\ IÀ½-¯n\v A\À°Iyw hcp-¶-Xns\ ]cn-l-cn-
¡p-¶-Xn-\,v A\p- j-vTn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ IÀ½-¯n\v ^e-ap- Å-Xmbn
]d-bp-¶p-­v. Kpcp-hn-\p-th­n sNt¿­ tPmen-IÄ sNbvXp
XoÀ¯-\n-\p- ti-j-apÅ kabw sIm­v thZm- ²y-b\w sN¿-
W-sa¶p ]d-ªn-cn-¡p- ¶p. \nb-a-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn A²ym-b\w
sN¿p¶ thZw am{Xsa IÀ½-Úm-\m-ß-I-^-e-§Ä kn²n-
¡p-¶-Xm-Iq. BNm-cy-Ip-e¯ - n \n¶p Xncn¨p h¶-Xn-\p-
tijw Krl-Øm- {i-an¡p hn[n-¨n- «pÅ IÀ½- §Ä A\p-jvTn-
¡m³ ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. KmÀlØy-hn-[n-{]-Im-c-apÅ IÀ½-
§-fn kzm[ym-b-¯n\v IqSp-X {]m[m\yw D­v. Ah-km-
\-¯n bYm-Im-ew, ]p{X- ·msc P\n-¸n-¨v, injysc k¼m-
Zn-¨v, FÃm C{µn-b§ - -tfbpw Bßm-hn D]-kw-l-cn-¨v,
imkv{X-¯n hn[n-¨n-«pÅsXmgnsI aäp bmsXmcp `qX-§-
tfbpw lnwkn-¡msX Bbp-Êp-Ån-S-t¯mfw Imew Pohn-
¡m³ D]-tZ-in-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. A§n-s\-bp-Å-hÀ¡v tam£-
{]m]vXn D­m-Ipw.
im´n- ] mTw
Hmw Bhym-b´p aam-§vKm-\n, hmIv, {]m
W, Ý£px t{im{X atYm _e, an{µn
bmWn N kÀhmWn kÀhw {_Òu-]\n
jZw am f lw {_Ò-\n-cm-Ipcymw amam
{_Ò\n-cm-I-tcmXv; A\n- cm-I-cW
akvXz-\n-cm-I-cWw ta f kvXp; XZm-ß\n
\nctb b D]-\n-jÂkp, [À½mkvtX
abn k´p tX abn k´p.
Fsâ AwK-§-fpw, hm¡pw, {]mW\pw N£p-Êpw,
t{im{X-hpw, _ehpw FÃm C{µn-b§ - epw Cu D]-\n-j-
¯nsâ A[y-b-¯n- \pw, AXn hn[n-¨n-«pÅ D]-k-\m-Zn-I-
fpsS A\p-jvTm-\-¯n-\pw, a\-\m-Zn-IÄ¡pw D]-bp-à-amb
hn[-¯n ]qÀ®-§-fm-I-tW. kÀhhpw D]-\n-j-¯nÂ
{]Xn-]m-Zn-¨n-«pÅ {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p. Rm³ {_Òs¯ \ncm-I-
cn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡-tW. Fs¶ {_Òw \ncm-I-cn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡-tW.
B D]-\n-j-¯n {]Xn-]m-Zn-¨n-«pÅ {_Òw Xs¶ Bbn-«p-
Å-h-\pw, AXns\ Adn-bp-¶-Xnepw A\p-`h - -s¸-Sp-¶-Xn-epw,
XmXv]-cy-ap-Å-h-\p-amb F¶nÂ, D]-\n-j-¯p-¡-fn {_Ò-
¯n- \p-Å- Xm-bn-¸-d-bp¶ [À½-§Ä D­m-bn-cn-¡-s«.
Hmw im´nx, Hmw im´nx, Hmw im´nx
 277

I K

1 _rl-Zm-cWytIm]\n-j¯v 3

im´n-] mTw amb Aiz-¯nsâ Bßmhv þþ icocw kwh-Õ-c-am-Ip-¶p.

]rjvTw tZymhm-Ip-¶p. DZcw A´- co-£-am-Ip-¶p. ]mZ-k-\-
Hmw ]qÀW-aZx ]qÀW-anZw ]qÀWmXv Øm\w ]rYn-hn-bm-Ip-¶p. ]mÀiz-§Ä þþ hi-§Ä Zn¡p-
]qÀW-aq-Z -Ny-tX, I-fm-Ip-¶p. ]Àip-¡Ä þþ hmcn-sb-Ãp-IÄ Ahm-´- c-Zn-¡p-I-
]qÀWky ]qÀW-am-Zky fm- Ip-¶p. AwK- §Ä þþ Ah-b-h-§Ä EXp-¡-fm-Ip- ¶p. ]ÀÆ-
]qÀW-ta-hm-h m-i n-j ytX §Ä þþ kÔn-IÄ amk- §fpw AÀ²- am- k- §fpw BIp-¶p.
{]Xn-jT v -IÄ þþ ]mZ-§Ä Atlm-cm-{X-§-fm-Ip-¶p. AØn-
Hmw Ah³ (]-c-am-ßm-hv) ]qÀ®-\m-Ip-¶p. Ch³ (Im- IÄ \£-{X-§-fm- Ip-¶p. amwk-§Ä \`-Êm- Ip¶p þþ \`- Ên-
cy-{_-Òw) ]qÀ®-\m-Ip-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m ]qÀ®X- epÅ taL-§- fm-Ip-¶p. Duh[yw þþ hb- än-epÅ Zln- ¡m¯
bn \n¶p am{Xta ]qÀ®X D­m-Ip-Ib - p-Åp. {]f-b-Im-e- Blm-c- km-[\w knI-X-I-fm-Ip¶p þþ aW-ep-IÄ BIp-¶p.
¯n Imcy-{_-Ò- ¯nsâ ]qÀ®-Xz-ap- ­mbn (X- ¶n Xs¶ KpZ-§Ä þþ \mUn-IÄ knÔp- ¡- fm- Ip¶p þþ \Zn- I-fm-Ip-¶p.
eo\-\m-bn) ]qÀ®-\mbn ]c-{_-Ò-ambn Ah-ti-jn-¡p-¶p. bIr¯pw t¢mahpw ]ÀÆ-X-§-fm-Ip-¶p. tcma-§Ä Hmj-
{Xnhn[ ]m]-§-fn \n¶pw im´n-bp-­m-I-tW. [n-Ifpw hr£-§-fp-am-Ip-¶p. ]qÀÆmÀ²w DZn-¡p¶ BZn-
Xy-\m-Ip-¶p. ]n³]-IpXn AkvX- an-¡p¶ BZn-Xy-\m-Ip¶p
hn{Prw-`n-¡p-¶Xv þþ tIm«p-hm-bn-Sp-¶Xv an¶Â an¶p-¶-Xm-
H¶mw A²ymbw Ip-¶p. icocw IpS-bp-¶Xv CSn-ap-g-§p-¶- Xm-Ip-¶p. taml\w
H¶mw {_mÒWw sN¿p-¶Xp hÀjn-¡p-¶-Xm- Ip-¶p. Cu Aiz-¯nsâ hm¡p
1. D]-þ Hmw. Djm hm Aizky tat[y-ky-in-c, i_vZw þþ hm¡p- X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p.
kqcy-Ý£ - pÀhmX; {]mtWm, hym¯-a-ánÀssh- 2. D] þþ AlÀÆm, Aizw ]pc-k vX m-· -l nam -f
izm- \ c; kwh-Õ c Bßm - f iz- k y-ta-[ y- k y. \zPm-bX;Xky ]qÀtÆ kap-t{Zm-tbm\o; cm{Xn-
Zyu: ]rjvT, a´-co-£-ap-Z-cw, ]rYn-ho-]m-P-kyw. tc\w ]Ým- · -l nam -f \zPm-b X; Xky. ]tc
Zni: ]mÀtiz-A-hm-´-c-Zni: ]mÀizh EX-thm - kap-t{Z-tbm\n:, GXu hm Aizw aln-am\m h\z-
f MvKm\n, amkm-ÝmÀ²-am-kmÝ ]Àhm-Wy-tlm- ZnX: kw_`qhXp:; ltbm-` qXzm tZhm-\ -h -l -
cm-{XmWn {]Xn-jvTm, \£-{Xm-Wy-Øn\-n, \t`m ZzmPo KÔÀÆm\ÀÆm -f kpcm-\-tizm-a-\p-jym³,
amwkm\n, Duh[yw knIXm: knÔ thm KpZm, kap{Z Ghmky _Ô; kap-{Z-tbm\n:
bIr¨ t¢mam-\-Ý-]ÀÆ-Xm, Hmj-[-b-Ý-h-\-kv]-
Al-Êmb aln-amhv Aiz-¯nsâ ap¼n Aizs¯
X-bÝ tem am\yp-Zy³ ]qÀÆmÀ-t²m, \nt¾mN³
e£o-Ic- n¨v P\n-¨p. B Al-Êmb aln-am-hnsâ Øm\w
PL-\mÀt²m bZzn-Prw-`tX XZv hntZym-Xt- X, bZzn-
Ing-t¡-k-ap-{Z-am-Ip-¶p. Cu Aiz-¯nsâ ]n¶n cm{Xn-
[q-\ptX XXv kvX\-bXn bt·-lXn XZznÀjXn
bmb aln-amhv A\p-P-\n-¨p. B cm{Xn-bmb aln-am-hns\
hmtK-h mky hmIv.
Øm]n-¡p¶ Øm\w A]-c-k- ap- {Z- am- Ip- ¶p. Cu aln-am-¡Ä
ta[y-amb þþ ]cn-ip-²-amb þþ bÚ-¯n-\pÅ Aiz- Aiz-¯nsâ Ccp-h-i¯pw Bbn kw`-hn-¨p. lb-am-bn-
¯nsâ incÊv Dj-Êm-Ip¶p þþ {_mÒ-ap-lqÀ¯-am-Ip-¶p. ¯oÀ¶v tZh-·msc hln-¨p. hmPn-bm-bn-¯oÀ¶p KÔÀÆ-
N£pÊv kqcy-\m-Ip-¶p. {]mW³ hmX-am-Ip-¶p. Xpd¶ ·msc hln¨p. AÀÆm-hm-bn-¯oÀ¶n«v Akp-c-·msc hln-
hmbv sshizm-\-c³ F¶p ]d-bp¶ Aán-bm-Ip-¶p. ta[y- ¨p. Aiz-am-bn-¯oÀ¶n«v a\p-jy-sc hln-¨p. Cu Aiz-
N P
 278

I ¯nsâ _Ô-\-Øm\w kap{Zw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. D¸-¯n- Ah³- þ-A-§s\ P\n¨ {]Pm-]Xn aq¶mbn Xs¶-Xs¶ K
Im-cWw kap-{Z-am-Ip-¶p. hn`-Pn-¨p. aq¶m-a-Xmbn BZn-Xy-s\bpw aq¶m-a-Xmbn hmbp-
hn-t\bpw sNbvXp. kÀÆ-`q-Xm-ßm-hmb Cu {]mW³
c­mw {_mÒWw C§s\ aq¶mbn hn`-Pn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ
3. D ] - þ - s s \ - t hhml Inw N - \ m{K B k oX v; Aiz-ta-t[m-]-tbm-Kn-I-amb Aán-¡v, Ing-¡p-Zn¡v inc-Êm-
arXypss\thZ-am-h r-X-am-ko, Zi-\m-bbm; Ai- Ip-¶p. AXp AXpw-þ-A-án-tImWpw im\-tImWpw CuÀ½-
\mbm ln arXyp: X·t\m -f IcpXm f- ß\zo §-fm-Ip-¶p-þ-_-mlp-¡-fm-Ip-¶p. ]ns¶ Cu Aán-¡v, ]Sn-
kymanXn; tkmÀ¨¶ NcXv; XkymÀ¨X At]m ªmtd Zn¡v ]pÑ-a m-Ip¶pþD-S-ensâ ]n³`m-K-am-Ip-¶p.
-f Pmb´; AÀ¨tXsshta Ia-` q-Z nXn; XtZ- AXpw AXpw-þ-hm-bp-tImWpw \ncy-Xn-tImWpw kIvYn-IÄ
hmÀ¡-kymÀ¡Xzw; Iwlhm Akvs sa `h-Xn, BIp- ¶p. sXt¡-Zn¡pw hS-t¡- Zn¡pw c­p-h-i-§-fm- Ip-¶p.
b Gh-ta-X-ZÀ¡-kymÀ¡Xzw thZ. tZymhv ]rjvT- am-Ip-¶p-þ-ap-Xp-Im-Ip-¶p. BImiw DZ-c-am-Ip-
¶p. CXv-þCu ]rYnhn Dc-Êm-Ip-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ Cu
Cu kwkm- c-a-Þ-e-¯n ap¼v þ a\Êv apX- embXp­m- Aán A¸p-I-fn {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. C{]-Imcw Adn-
Ip-¶-Xn-\p-ap¼v bmsXm¶pw D­m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. Cu Imcy-`q-X- bp-¶-h³ FhnsS t]mbmepw Ahn-sS-¯s¶ {]Xn-jvTsb
amb PK¯v Ai-\mb (hn-i-¸v) BIp¶ arXyp- hn- \m Xs¶ {]m]n-¡p-¶XmWv.
Bhr-X-am-bn-cp-¶p. hni¸v arXyp-hm-sW¶p {]kn-²-am-W-
tÃm. Ah³-þB arXyp, F\n¡v Bßm-hp-Å-h-\m-bn-¯o-c- 6. D]- þ tkm - f Ima- b X ZznXotbm a B ßm
W-sa¶p hnNm- cn¨v B a\- Êns\ D­m-¡n. Ah³- þB {]Pm- PmtbtX Xn k a\km hmNw, anYp\w ka-`h - -
]-Xn, AÀ¨n-¨p-sIm­v Ah-\-hs - \-¯s¶ ]qPn-¨p-sIm­v Z- i \mbmarXypx; Xt{ZX Bk- o Xv ; k kwh-
k©-cn-¨p. At±lw AÀ¨n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ A¸p- Õtcm -f `hXv ; \ l -] p- c m- X Xx kwh- Õ c
IÄ D­m-bn. ""AÀ¨n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶ F\n-¡p-th­n
Bk; Xta Xmh´w Ime- a- _ nt`m bmhm³
Pew D­mbn'' F¶v arXyp hnNm-cn-¨p. AXp-X-s¶-bmWv
kwh-Õ cx, XtaXm hXx Imeky ]c-k vXm-Z-
kr-P-X, XwPm-X-a-`nhymZZm-Xv, k `mW-I-tcmXv;
AÀ¡-\v-þ-A-iz-ta-[-{I-Xp-hn\v D]-tbm-Kn-¡p¶ Aán¡v
sskh hmK-`-h-Xv.
AÀ¡-Xz-¯n\p tlXp. C{]-Imcw Cu Aán-bpsS AÀ¡-
Xzs¯ BÀ Adn- bp- ¶pthm Ch¶v kpJw, AsÃ- ¦n Pew Ah³-þB arXyp ""F\n¡v c­m-a-sXmcp icocw D­m-
XoÀ¨-bmbpw D­m-Ipw. I-Ww'' F¶v Iman-¨p. B Ai-\m-b-bm-Ip¶ arXyp a\-Ên-
t\mSv hm¡ns\ anYp-\-am-¡n-þ-C-W-tNÀ¯p. AXnÂ-þ-A-
4. D]-þ-Bt]m hm AÀ¡, kvXZy-Z-]mw-ic BkoXv
§s\ CW tNÀ¶-Xn GXp tcX-ÊmtWm D­m- bXv AXv
X X v k a- l - \ yX ; k m ] r Y n- h y- ` - h X v;
kwh-Õ-c-am-bn-¯oÀ¶p-þ- kw-h-Õ-c-\nÀ½m-Xm-hmb {]Pm-]-
Xkyma{imayXv ; Xky- { im- ´ ky X]v X ky
Xn-bm-bn-¯oÀ¶p. B {]Pm-]-Xnbv¡p ap¼v kwh-Õcw
tXtPm-c tkm\nc-h À¯-Xmánx
F¶p ]d-bp¶ Imew D­m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. Ahs\þB kwh-
AÀ¡³ F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv A¸p-IÄ BWv. AXn Õ-c-Im-e-\nÀ½m-Xm-hmb {]Pm-]-Xn-sb, kwh-Õcw F¶p
A¸p- IÄ¡v GXp icw D­m-tbmþ GXp Z[n-aÞw t]mse- ]d-bp¶ Imew F{X-t¯m-f-amtWm A{X-t¯mfw Imew,
bpÅ hkvXp D­mtbm AXp kwl-X-am-bn-¯ocp¶p. Hcp- `cn- ¨ p- þ - K À`- ¯ n- \ p- Å n arXyp `cn- ¨ p. A{Xbpw
an¨p tNÀ¶v I«n-bm-bn-¯ocp¶p. AXp ]rYnhn Bbn- Ime¯nsâtijw Ah-s\-þB {]Pm-]-Xnsb krãn-¨p.
¯ocp¶p. B ]rYn- hn- bnÂ-þB ]rYnhnsb Dev]m-Zn-¨-t¸mÄ P\n¨ Ahsâ t\sc hm ]nf-À¶v `£n-¸m-\mbn arXyp hm
{]Pm-]Xn {im´-\m-bn-¯ocp¶p. {im´\pw X]vX-\pw- þ-Jn- ]nfÀ¶p. Ah³ "`m¬' F¶ i_vZs¯ D­m¡n AXp-
¶\pw Bb þ Ahsâ {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS tXP-Êm-Ip¶ ckw Xs¶ hm¡m-bn-¯oÀ¶p.
Aán-bm-bn-þ-hn-cm-«mbn \nhÀ¯n-¨p-þ-{]-Pm-]Xn ico-c-¯n 7. D ] - þ k s F £ - X .þ b- Z nhm C a- a - ` n- a w tk y
\n¶v \njv{I-an-¨ncn¡p¶p. I\otbm -f ¶w Icn-jy-C -X n. k Xbm hmNm
5. D]þk-t{X[m f- f ßm\w hymIp-cpX; BZnXyw tX\m -f ßt\Zw kÀh-a-k r-P -X , bZnZw Inw
XrXobw, hmbpw XrXobw; k Gj- { ]m- W - N Àt¨m, bPqw j n, k mam- \ n, Oµ mw - k n,
kvt {X[m hnlnXx; Xky {]mNo ZnIv incx, bÚm³, {]Pmx, ]iq³k bZy-tZ-hm-kr-PX
Asku Nmku tNÀs½u; AYmky {]Xo X¯-Z-¯p-a-{[n-b X; kÀhw hm B¯oXn XZ-
NnZnIv ]pÑw; Aku Nm sku Nm kIvYyu; `ntX cZn-XX
- zw, kÀh sskyX-kym¯m `h-Xn,
Z£nWm tNmZoNo N]mÀtiz Zyux ]rjvTw; kÀh-a-kym-¶wZ `hXn b Gh-taX Z ZntX-c-Zn-
A´-cn-£-ap-Zcw; Cb-apcx, k Gtjm -f ]v kp XnXzw thZ.
{]Xn- j v T nXx b{XIzssN- - X n- t Zh {]Xn- X n- j p- Ah³-þ-ar-Xyp, ""Cu Ipam-cs\ lnkn-¡-bm-sW-¦nÂ,
tXyhw hnZzm³ Rm³ A¶s¯ AÂ]-am¡n sN¿pw'' F¶v Cu£n¨p-þ-

N P
 279

I hn-Nm-cn-¨p. Ah³-þ-arXyp B hm¡p-sIm­pwþap¼p ]dª Aizs¯ Ah-tcm-[n-¡m-sX-X-s¶-þ-X-Sp-¡m-sX-Xs¶ {]Pm- K

{Xbo-cq-]a- mb hm¡p-sIm­pw B a\-Êp-sIm­pw Cu ]Xn Nn´n-¨p. Hcp kwh-Õ-c-¯n-\p-tijw B Aizs¯
kÀh-amb Ømh-chpw PwK-a-h p-amb Cu PK-¯ ns\ X\n-¡ p-th­n Bew- ` \w sNbvX v-þ- h -[ n-¨ v-þ -aäp tZh-X -
FÃmw, AXm-b-Xv, þ E¡p-I-tfbpw bÖp-Êp-I-sfbpw kma- IÄ¡mbn aäp ]ip-¡sf _en-sIm-Sp-¯p. AXn-\mÂ-þ-{]-
§-sfbpw Kmb{Xn apX-emb Oµ-Êp-I-sfbpw bÚ-§- Pm-]Xn C{]-Imcw Nn´n-¨-Xn-\m BWv FÃm tZh-X-I-
sfbpw {]P-I-sfbpw ]ip-¡s - fbpw krãn-¨p. Ah³-þ- B sfbpw kw_-Ôn-¨Xpw t{]m£Ww sN¿-s¸-«Xpw Bb
arXyp GXns\ FÃmw krãn-¨pthm AXns\ Hs¡ `£n- {]Pm-]Xn tZh-X-bm-bn-«pÅ ]ip-hns\ Bew-`\w sN¿p-¶-
¡p- ¶-Xn\v Hcp§n FÃm- ¯n- s\bpw `£n- ¡p¶p F¶p- ÅXp Xv-þ-bm-Ún-I· - mÀ h[n-¡p-¶-Xv. Cu X]n-¡p-¶-Xmtcm AXv
GtXm CXmWp AZn- Xn- bpsS AZn-Xn-Xzw. C{]- Imcw Cu AZn- Aiz-ta-[-am-Ip-¶p. Ah¶v kwh-Õcw F¶p ]d-bp¶
Xn- bpsS AZn-Xn-Xzs¯ Bcv Adn-bp-¶pthm Ah³ Cu PK- Imew Bßm-hm-Ip-¶p-þ-i-co-c-am-Ip-¶p. Cu Aán-þ-]mÀ°n-
¯nsâ FÃmw kÀhm-ßm-hm-bn-¯o-cp¶XmWv. Ah¶v hmán AÀ¡-\m-Ip-¶p. Cu Aán-bm-Ip¶ AÀ¡\v Cu
FÃmw A¶- am-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sN¿p¶XmWv. aq¶p temI-§Ä Bßm-¡-fm-Ip-¶p-þ-i-co-cm-h-b-h-§-fm-Ip-
¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ Cu AÀ¡m-iz-ta-[-§Ä ]ns¶bpw
8. D]-þtkm f- Ima-b-X, `qbkm btÚ-\-`qtbm
arXyp-hm-Ip¶ B tZhX Xs¶ Bbn-¯o-cp-¶p. C{]-Imcw
btP-tb-Xn, tkm -f {imayXv; kXt]m f- X]yX;
Bcv Adn-b p-¶pthm Ah³ ho­p-apÅ arXyp-hns\
Xky {im´ky X]vX -ky-b tim hocy-ap-Z-{Im-
tXmev]n-¡p-¶XmWv. Ahs\ arXyp {]m]n-¡p-I-bn-Ã. arXyp
aXv; {]mWmssh btim hocyw; XXv {]mtW
Ahsâ Bßm- hm-bn-¯o- cp-¶p. Cu tZh- X- IÄ¡v GI-\mb
jqXv {Imt´jp icocw izbnXp a{[n-bX; Xky
Bßm-hmbpw Ah\m-bn¯ocp-¶p.
icoc Gh-a\ Bko-Xv.
Ah³-þ B {]Pm-] -X n, ""hep-X mb bÚw-s Im­v aq¶mw {_mÒWw
ho­pw F\n¡v bPn-¡Ww'' C§s\ Iman¨p Ah³ 10. D]-þZ- zmbm l {]mPm-]-Xym, tZhmÝm kpcmÝ;
{im´- \m-bn. Ah³ X]-Êns\ X]n-¨p. {im´\pw X]vX-\p- XXx Im\o-bkm Gh-tZhm Pymbkm Akpcmx,
amb Ahsâ biÊpw hocyhpw DXv{I-an-¨p. biÊpw X Gjp temtIjy kv]À²´; tX l tZh
hocyhpw {]mW-§-fm-bn. AXn-\m {]mW-§Ä DXv{Im-´- DuNpÀl´m kpcm- \ yÚ DZv K o- t Y- \ mXy
§-fm-b-t¸mÄ icocw ho§n¯pS§n. F¶n«pw Ahsâ bmtaXn.
a\Êv ico-c-¯nÂXs¶ Dd¨n-cp-¶p.
{]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS A]-Xy-§Ä tZh-·mcpw Akp-c-·mcpw
9. D]-þtkm f- Ima-b-X, ta[yw a CZw kym Zmß c­p Iq«À BIp-¶p. Ah-cn tZh-·mÀ Aev]-·mÀ
\zyt\\ kyman-Xn, XtXm -f izx ka-`h - -Xv, bZ- Xs¶bmIp-¶p. Akp-c-·mÀ A[n-I-·mÀ BIp-¶p. AhÀ
izXv Xt·-[y-a-`q-ZnXn XtZ-hm-iz-ta[ ky iz ta[- B Akp-c- ·mcpw tZh-·mcpw Cu temI-§Ä \nan-¯-ambn
Xzw. Gj l hm Aiz-ta[w thZ b G\ tahw- X½n X½n kv]À²n- ¨p. B tZh-·mÀ ]d-ªp.- þ-""C- t¸mÄ
thZ Xa-\ -h -c pss[y hma-\ y-X , Xw kwh-Õ - bÚ-¯n Akp-c- ·msc DZvKo-Yw-sIm­v \ap¡v AXn-K-
cky ]c-kvXm-Zm-ß\ Be-`X ]iq³ tZhXm`yx an¡mw''.
{]Xyu-lXv; XkvamXv kÀh tZhXyw t{]mjnXw
{]mP-m]Xy ame-`t´; Gj l hm Aiz-tat[m 11. D]þ tX l hmN-aq-NpkvXzw \ DZvKm-tb-Xn. X
b Gj-X -]Xn; Xky-k w-h-Õc Bßm -f ba- tYXn tX t`ym hm KpZ-Km-bXv; tbm hm Nn
án-cÀ¡-kvX-tkyta temIm Bßm\x Xm thXm- t`mKkvXw tZth`y B KmbXv; bXv IeymWw
hÀ¡miz ta[u. tkm ]p\-tc-ssIh tZhXm hZXn XZm- ß - t \, tX hnZp- c t\ ss\h \
`hXn arXyp- t ch; A]- ] p- \ À½r- X ypw- P - b Xn DZvKm{Xm -f tXyjy-´oXn; Xa-`n-{ZpXy ]m]va\m
ss\\w arXyp-c-kymßm `h-tXyXm kmw tZh- -f hn[y³; k bx k]m]va m btZ-th-Za {]Xn-
Xm\m tatIm-`-h-Xn. b Ghw thZ. cq]w hZXn; k Gh k ]m]vam. h.
""Fsâ Cu icocw ta[y-am-bn-¯o-c-tW. Cu ico-cw- AhÀ-þ-tZ-h-·mÀ hm¡n-t\m-S-vþ- hm-K-`n-am-\n-\n-bmb tZh-X-
sIm­v F\n¡v Bßm-hp-Å-h\ - m-bn-¯o-c-tW.'' F¶v B tbmSv ""\o R§Ä¡p-th­n DZvKm\w sN¿pI'' F¶v ]d-
{]Pm-] Xn B{Kln¨p. AXn-\ m Aiz- am-bn-¯oÀ¶p. ªp. ""A§-s\-bm-Is«''F¶v hmKvtZ-hX AhÀ¡p-th­n
GXmtWm izbn-¨Xv AXv ta[y-am-bn-¯oÀ¶p. F¶p-Å-Xp- DZvKm\w sNbvXp. hm¡p-\n-an-¯-ambn DÅ t`mKw GtXm
X-s¶- bm-Wv Aiz-ta- [-¯n-\pÅ Aiz-ta-[Xzw F¶ [À½w. B t`mKs¯ tZh-·mÀ¡mbn BKm\w sNbvXp Ieym-W-
Ch-s\-þ Cu Aiz-t¯bpw taÂ]- dª {]Im-c-apÅ Aán- am-bn-h-Zn-¡ pI F¶Xp GtXm AXns\ X\n-b v¡mbn
cq-]-\mb kqcyt\bpw C§-s\-þ-ta-em Npcp-¡-¯n BKm\w sNbvXp.
ImWn-¡p-hm³ t]mIp¶ hnti-j-W-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Bcv Adn- AhÀ-þ-A-kp-c-·mÀ ""Cu DZvKm-Xm-hn-s\-sIm­v \½sf
bp-¶pthm Ah³ Aiz-ta-[s¯ Adn-bp-¶p. AXn-s\-þB tZh-·mÀ AXn-K-an¡pw'' F¶v Adn-ªp. B DZvKm-Xm-hns\
N P
 280
I A`n-K-an-¨n«p ]m]vam-hp-sIm­p th[n-¨p-þ-Xm-Un-¨p. B
]m]vamhv GtXm AXv GXp \nan-¯-amtWm Cu A{]-Xn-cq-
]-ambn ]d-bp-¶Xv AXp X¶s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. B ]m]vam-hp-
þA-{]-Xn-cq]ambn ]d-bp-¶-Xn\p \nan-¯-amb B ]m]vamhv
{]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS hm¡n DÅ-Xp-X-s¶- bm-Ip-¶p.
12. D]-þ -A -Y l {]mW-ap-N pkvX zw \ DZvKm-tbXn
XtYXn tX`yx {]mW DZvKm-b -Xv. bx {]mtW
t`mKkvXw tZth`y BKm-bXv; bXv Ieym-Ww
Pn{LXn XZm- ß -t \. tX hnZp- c - t \\ ssh\
DZvKm{Xm f- tXyjy-´o-Xn, Xa-`n-{Zyp-Xy-]m-]va\m
-f hn[y³; k bx k ]m]v a m b tZ thZa
{]Xncq]w Pn{LXn; k Gh k ]m]vam
A\-´cw {]mW-t\m-Sv, ""\o R§Ä¡p-th-­n, DKvZm\w
sN¿pI'' F¶v tZh-·mÀ ]d-ªp. A§-s\-bm-Is« F¶p
]d-ª v, {]mW³ AhÀ¡p-th­n DZvK m\w sNbvX p.
{]mW³ \nan-¯-apÅ t`mKw GtXm, AXns\ tZh-·mÀ¡p-
th­n BKm\w sNbv X p. Ieym- W - a m-b n- «p-Å -X ns\
{LmWn¡ F¶Xv GtXm AXns\ X\n-¡p- th­n BKm\w
sNbvXp. ""Cu DZvKm-Xm-hn-s\-s¡m­v \s½ tZh-·mÀ AXn- 15. D]- þ -A Y l a\-D u-N pkvX zw \ DZvK m-tb- X n.
K-an-¡pw'' F¶v Akp-c- ·mÀ Adn-ªp. B DZvKm-Xm-hnsâ
t\sc sN¶p ]m]w- sIm­v B {]mWs\ th[n- ¨p. B ]m]w
GtXm AXv, GXp \nan-¯-amtWm Cu A\p-Nn-X-am-bn-«p-
Å-Xns\ {LmWn-¡p-¶Xv AXp Xs¶. A\p-Nn-X-am-bn-«p-Å-
Xns\ {LmWn- ¡p-¶-Xp-sIm­v A\p-an- ¡-s¸- Sp¶ B ]m]vam- -f hn[y³. k bx k ]m]vam btZ-thZ a{]-Xn-
hv, {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS {]mW-\n-ep-Å-Xp-X-s¶.
13. D]-þA
- Y l N£p cqNp kvXzw \ DZvKm-tbXn;
XtYXn tX`ym-Ý -£ p-cp-Z-Km-b-Xv. b Ý£pjn
t`mKkvXw tZth`y BKm-bXv; bXv IeymWw
]iyXn XZm-ßt\. tX hnZp-c-t\\ ssh \ DZvKm
{XmtXy jy´oXn; Xa-`n-{Zp-Xy-]m-]va\m f- hn[y³.
k bx k ]m]vam b tZth-Z-a-{]-Xn-cq]w ]iyXn
k Gh k ]m]vam
A\-´cw N£p-Ên-t\m-S v, ""\o R§Ä¡ph-th­n
DZvKm\w sN¿q'' F¶v tZh-·mÀ ]dªp. ""A§s\
BIs«'' F¶p ]d- ªv, N£pÊv AhÀ¡p-th­n DZvKm\w
sNbvXp. N£pÊv \nan-¯-am-bpÅ t`mKw GtXm AXns\
tZh-·mÀ¡mbn BKm\w sNbvXp. Ieym-W-am-bn-«p- -Å- Xns\
ImWpI F¶p- ÅXp GtXm AXns\ X\n- bv¡mbn BKm\w
sNbvXp. ""Cu DZvKm-Xm-hn-s\-s¡m­v tZh-·mÀ \s½ AXn-
K- an¡pw'' F¶v B Akp- c-·mÀ Adnªv B DZvKm-Xm-hns\
A`n-{Z-hn-¨n«v ]m]vam-hn-s\-s¡m­v th[n-¨p. B ]m]vamhp
GtXm AXv bmsXm¶p \nan-¯-amtWm Cu A\p-Nn-X-am-
bn-«p-Å-Xns\ ImWp-¶Xv AXp-X- s¶-bm-Wv. A\p-Nn-X-am-bn-
«p-Å-Xns\ ImWp-¶-Xn\p \nan-¯-amb B ]m]vamhp {]Pm- 16. D]-þA
]-Xn-bpsS N£p-Ên Akp-c-·mÀ tNÀ¯-Xp-X-s¶bmWv.
14. D]-þA
- Y l t{im{X aq NpkvXzw \ DZvKmtbXn.
XtYXn tX`yx t{im{X apZ-Km-b-Xv. bx t{imt{X
N P
t`mKkvXw tZth`y BKm-bXv; bXv IeymWw K
irtWmXn XZm-ß -t\, tX hn Zpct\ ssh\
DZvKm{Xm f- tXjy-´o-Xn. Xa-`n-{ZpXy ]m]va\m -
f hn[y³ kbx k ]m] v a m b tZth- Z a
{]Xncq]w irwtWmXn; k Gh k ]m]vam
A\-´cw ""\o R§Ä¡mbn DZvKm\w sNbvI'' F¶v
t{im{X-t¯mSv ]d-ªp. ""A§-s\-bm-Is«'' F¶p ]d-ªv,
t{im{Xw B tZh- ·mÀ¡mbn DZvKm\w sNbvXp. t{im{Xw \nan-
¯-apÅ t`mKw GtXm AXns\ tZh-·mÀ¡mbn BKm\w
sNbvXp. Ieym-W-s¯-þ-tim-`-\-am-bn-«p-Å-X ns\ tIÄ¡p
F¶Xv GtXm AXns\ X\n-¡mbn BKm\w sNbvXp. ""Cu
DZvKm-Xm- hn-s\-s¡m­v \t½ tZh-·mÀ AXn-K-an¡pw'' F¶v
-A-kp-c-·mÀ Adn-ªp. B DZvKm-Xm-hnsâ t\tc sN¶v
]m]vamhpsIm­v th[n-¨p. B ]m]vamhv GtXm AXv, GXp
\nan- ¯-amtWm Cu A\p-Nn-X- am-bn-«p-Å-Xns\ tIÄ¡p-¶Xv
AXp-X-s¶bmWv. A\p-NnX {ih-W- ¯n\p \nan-¯-amb B
]m]v a mhv {]Pm- ] - X n- b psS t{im{X- ¯ n DÅ- X p- X -
s¶bmIp¶p.
XtYXn tXt`ym a\ DZvKm-b -X v . tbm a\kn
t`mKkvXw tZth`y BKm-b-Xv. bXv IeymWw
k¦ ev]bXn XZm-ß-s\. tX hnZp-c-t\\ ssh\
DZvKm{Xm f- tXyjy-´o-Xn. Xa-`n-{ZpXy ]m]va\m
cq]w k¦-e v]-b-Xn. k Gh k ]m]vam. Gh-
ta\mx ]m]va\m -f hn[y³ Gh a JtezXm
tZhXmx tZhXmx ]m]va-`n-cp-]m-kr-P³.
]ns¶ a\-Ên-t\mSv ""\o R§Ä¡p-th­n DZvKm\w
sNbvI'' F¶v tZh- ·mÀ ]dªp. ""A§s\ BIs«'' F¶p
]d-ªv, a\Êv B tZh-·mÀ¡mbn DZvKm\w sNbvXp. a\-
Êp-\n-an-¯-apÅ t`mKw GtXm AXns\ tZh-·mÀ¡mbn
BKm\w sNbvXp. Ieym-W-am-bn-«p- Å-Xns\ k¦-ev]n-¡p¶p
F¶p-ÅXv GtXm, AXns\ X\n-¡ p-th­n BKm\w
sNbvXp. ""Cu DZvKm-Xm-hn-s\-s¡m­p \s½ tZh-·mÀ AXn-
K-an-¡pw.'' F¶v, Akp-c-·mÀ Adn-ªp. B DZvKm-Xm-hns\
A`n- {Z-hn- ¨v, ]m]vam-hp- sIm­v th[n¨- ¨. B ]m]vamhv GtXm
AXv, GXp \nan-¯-amtWm Cu A\p-Nn-X-am-bn-«p-Å-Xns\
k¦-ev]n-¡p-¶-Xv, AXp-Xs¶ BIp-¶p. A\p-Nn-X-am-bn-«p-
Å-Xns\ k¦-ev]n-¡p-¶-Xn\p \nan-¯-amb B ]m]w AXp-
Xs¶ {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS a\-Ên D­m-bn-cp-¶-Xp-X-s¶. C{]-
Imcw Cu tZh-X-Isf ]m]vam-hp-sIm­v th[n¨p; AXm-b-
Xp, hmKm-Zn-Isf ]m]vam-thmSp tbmPn-¸n-¨X - p-t]m-se-Xs¶
Cu XzKmZn tZh-X-Isf ]m]vam-¡-tfmSp tbmPn-¸n-¨p.
- Y tla-am-k\yw {]mW-aq-NpkvXzw \ DZv
Kmtb-Xn; XtYXn tX`y Gj-{]m-W-D-ZvKm-bXv; tX
hnZp-c-t\\ ssh \ DZvKm{Xm f- tXyjy-´o\nXa-
`n- { `yp- X y- ] m- ] va \m - f hnhy- Õ ³; k bYm - f
ivam\ arXzm temtãm hn[zw-tk-ssXhw sslh
 281

I hn[zw kam\m hnjzt©m hnt\ipx XtXm 20. D]-þkm hm Gjm tZh-ssX-Xmkmw tZh-Xm\mw K
tZhm A` h³]cm -f kpcmx; `h-Xym-ß-\m, ]cm ]m]v a m\w arXyp- a - ] - l - X ym- s sY\m arXyp- a -
-f kyZzn j³{`m-Xrthym `h-Xn, tb Ghw thZ. XyhlXv.
A\-´ cw Cu Aky-¯n-e pÅ {]mW-t\m-S v, ""\o, A§-s\-bpÅ Cu {]mW-tZ-hX Cu hmKmZn tZh-X-I-
R§Ä¡p-th­n DZvKm\w sNbvI'' F¶v tZh- ·mÀ ]d- ªp. fpsS ]m]vam-hm-Ip¶ arXyp-hns\ A]-l-\n-¨n-«v Cu tZh-X-
""A§s\ BIs«'' F¶p ]d-ªv, {]mW³ AhÀ¡mbn Isf arXyp-hns\ IS-¯n-hn«v kzcq-]s¯ {]m]n-¸n-¨p.
DZvKm\w sNbvXp. ""Cu DZvKm-Xm-hn-s\-s¡m­v \s½ tZh-
21. D]-þk ssh hmN-tah {]Y-am-a-Xy-h-lXv; km -
·mÀ AXn-K-an¡pw'' F¶v B Akp-c-·mÀ Adn-ªp.
f bZm arXyp-a-Xy-ap-NyX tkm -f ánc-`hXv tkm
Ahsâ t\tc sN¶n«p ]m]vam-hn- s\- s¡m­v th[n- ¡p- hm³
-f baánx ]tcW f- arXyp aXn-{Imt´m Zo]ytX
CÑn-¨p. AXv F§s\ F¶mÂ, F{]-Imcw temãw (a-®m-
¦-«) ]mjm-Ws¯ {]m]n-¨n«v hn[zw-kn-¡p-tam, C{]-Im-cw- B {]mW³ {]Y-a-bm- b-þ-{]-[m-\- bm-b-þ-hm-¡ns\¯s¶
Xs¶ hnti-jn¨p [zkvX-cm-bn-«v, \m\m-K-Xn-I-fmbn hn\m- IS-¯n-hn-«p. B hm¡v Ft¸mÄ arXyp-hns\ AXn-{I-an- ¨p
is¯ {]m]n-¨p. A\-´cw tZh-·mÀ, {]Ir-X- cmb hmKm-Zn- apà-bmtbm At¸mÄ AXv Aán-bm-bn-¯ocp¶p. IS-¶p-
IÄ Aáym-Zym-ß-Ia - mb kz´ cq]-¯n-em-bn-¯ oÀ¶p. t]mb Cu Aán arXyp-hn\v A¸pdw Zo]n-¡p-¶p-þ-{]-Im-in-
Akp-c- ·mÀ ]cm-`q-X-cm-bn-¯ oÀ¶p, hn\-ã-cm-bn- ¯oÀ¶p. ¡p-¶XmWv.
BcmtWm C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-¶Xv Ah³ Xm\m-bn-¯o-cpw. 22. D]-þA
- Y {]mW-a-Xy-h-lXv k bZm arXyp-aXy
Chsâ i{Xp-hmb {`mXr-hy³ ]cm-`q-X-\m-Ipw. apNy- X , khm- b p- c - ` -h Xv ; tkm - f bw hmbpx
17. D]-þt- X-tlmNpx, Iz\p-tkm-`q-Zv, tbm \ C°a ]tcW arXyp-a-Xn-{Im´x ]h-tX.
ktà-Xn. Ab-amtky -f ´cnXn; tkm f- bmky ]ns¶ {]mW-s\-þ-{Lm-W-s¯-þ-I-S-¯n-hn-«p. AXv-þB
BMv Knctkm f- MvKm\mw lnckx {]mW³-þ-F-t¸mÄ arXyp-hns\ AXn-{I-an¨p apà-\mtbm
AhÀ- þ-{]- Pm- ]- Xn-bpsS {]mW- §Ä- þ- ]-dªp:þ ""BcmtWm At¸mÄ AXp hmbp-hm-bn-¯oÀ¶p. arXyp-hns\ AXn-{I-
\t½ C{]-Imcw tZh-`m-h-t¯mSp tNÀ¯-Xv, Ah³ FhnsS an¨ Cu hmbp arXyp-hn\v A¸pdw ]h\w sN¿p-¶p.
Ccp-¶pthm?'' F¶v, ""CXm hmbpsS \Sp- hnÂ.'' F¶v AhÀ 23. D]-þ -A -Y-N-£p-c-Xy-h-lXv; XZyZm arXyp-a-Xyap
I­p-]n-Sn- ¨p. B {]mW³, Abm-ky\pw BMvKn-c-k-\p-am- NyX, k BZntXym -f `hXv; tkm f- km hmZn
Ip-¶p. Fs´- ¶m Ah³ BMvK-§-fp-sS-þ-Im-cy-I-c- Wm-ß- Xyx ]tcW arXyp-aXn {Im´-kvX-]Xn
I-§-fmb AMvK-§-fp-sS-þ- c-k-am-Ip-¶p, kmc-am-Ip-¶p.
]ns¶ N£p-Êns\ IS-¯n-hn-«p. B N£pÊv Ft¸mÄ
18. D]-þkm hm Gjm tZhXm ZqÀ¶ma; Zqcw ly arXyp-hns\ AXn-{I-an¨v apà-amtbm At¸mÄ AXv BZn-
kymarXypx; Zqcw l hm Akvam³ar-XypÀ`-hXn Xy-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶p. arXyp-hns\ AXn-{I-an¨ A§-s\-bpÅ
b Ghw thZ B BZn-Xy³ arXyp-hn\v A¸pdw X]n-¡p-¶p.

A§-s\-bpÅ Cu {]mW-tZ-hX "ZqÀ' F¶p {]kn-²n- 24. D]-þA - Y t{im{X-a-Xy-h-lXv; XZy-Zm-arXyp aXyap
bp-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p. Fs´-¶mÂ, Cu tZh-X-bn \n¶v arXyp NyX, XmZntim f- `hÂ; Xm CamZnix ]tcW
Zqc-¯n-em-W.v C{]- Imcw BÀ Adn-bp- ¶p-thm, Ch-\nÂ\n¶v arXyp aXn-{Im´mx
arXyp Zqc-¯n- em-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. ]ns¶ t{im{Xs¯ IS-¯n-hn-«p. AXv B t{im{Xw
19. D]-þkm hm Gjm tZh-ssX-Xmkmw tZh-Xm\mw Ft¸mÄ arXyp-hns\ IS¶p apà-am-tbm, At¸mÄ Ah
]m]vam\w arXyp-a-]-l-Xy, b{Xm -f f kmw Znima Zn¡p-I-fm-bn-¯oÀ¶p. arXyp-hns\ AXn-{I-an¨ A§-s\-
´ kvX - Z vK- a bmw N Imc; X Zmk mw ] m]va- bpÅ Zn¡p-IÄ arXyp-hn-\-¸pdw ØnXn sN¿p-¶p.
t\mhn\yZ-[mXv; Xkvam¶ P\-an-bm-¶m-´-an-bm- 25. D]-þ -A Y at\m -f Xyh-l Xv; XZy-Zm-ar-X yp-a-Zy
t¶Xv ]m]vam\w arXyp-a-\z-hm-bm-\o-Xn. apNyX, k N{µam A`-h-Xv. tkm f- ku N{µx
A§s\ DÅ {]mW³ F¶p ]d-bp¶ Cu tZhX Cu ]tcW arXyp-a-Xn-{It´m `mXn; Ghw l hm
hmKmZn tZh-X-I-fpsS ]m]vam-hm-Ip¶ arXyp-hns\ A]l- G\ta jm tZh-Xm-ar-Xyp-a-Xn-h-l-Xn, b Ghw
\n-¨n«v Fhn- sS-bmtWm Cu Zn¡p-I-fpsS Ah-km\w AhnsS
thZ.
Kan-¸n-¨p. AhnsS Cu tZh-X-I-fpsS ]m]vam-¡sf ]e hn[- A\-´cw a\-Êns\ IS-¯n-hn-«p. AXp Ft¸mÄ arXyp-
¯n AS- ¡n-h- ¨p. AXn-\mÂ, ""]m]vam- hm- Ip¶ arXyp- hns\ hns\ IS¶p apà-am-bn-¯oÀ¶pthm At¸mÄ AXp N{µ-
Rm³ {]m]n-¡-cp-X.v At¿m!'' F¶v hnNm-cn-¨,v P\s¯ Kan- \m-bn-¯oÀ¶p. arXyp-hns\ AXn-{I-an¨ A§-s\-bpÅ B
¡-cp-Xv. A´-s¯-þ-Zn-¡p-I-fpsS A´-s¯-þ-K-an-¡-cp-Xv. N{µ³ arXyp-hn\v A¸pdw tim`n-¡p-¶p. C{]-Imcw BÀ

N P
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I Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Chs\ Cu {]W-tZ-hX arXyp-hns\ IS- Ikvam-¨m-MvKmXv {]mW DXv{Im-aXn XtZh XÑp- K
¯n-hn- Sp-¶p. jyXn; Gj lnhm AMvKm\mw ckx.
- Y f- -f ßt\ f- ¶mZy-am-Km-b-Xv. b²nInw
26. D]-þA ""tkm -f bmky BMvKn-ctkm -f MvKm\mw ln ckx''
N m¶ - a - Z ytX - f t\ s s\ h- X - Z - Z y- t X . C l
F¶p-Å-Xn-\m {]mW³ AwK-§-fpsS ckamsW¶p ]d-
{]XnXnjvT Xn. ªn-«p-­- tÃm. {]mW³ AwK-§-fpsS ck-am-sW-¶p-ÅXp
A\-´ cw X\n-¡ p-th­n A¶m-Zys¯ BKm\w {]kn- ²-am-Wv. GXv AwK-¯nÂ\n-¶p-amtWm {]mW³ DXv{I-
sNbvXp. Fs´- ¶m GsXÃmw A¶w AZn-¡ -s¸-Sp- an- ¡p-¶-Xv-þ- am-dp- ¶Xv At¸mÄXs¶ AXv-þB AwKw-þ-tim-jn-
¶pthm AXv {]mW-s\-s¡m-­p-X-s¶-bmWv AZn- ¡-s¸-Sp- ¶- ¡p-¶p. AXn-\m Cu {]mW³ AwK-§-fpsS ck-sa¶p
Xv. Cu A¶m-Zy-¯n {]mW³ {]Xn-jvTnXn sN¿p-¶p. {]kn-²-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.

27. D]- þ tX tZhm A{_p- h ³:þ GXm-h Zzm CZw 29. D] f- Gj D Gh _rl-kv]Xnx; hmssKz _r
kÀhw bZ¶w XZm-ß\ BKmkox; A\pt\m - lXo: Xkym Gj-]Xnx; Xkvam-Zp-_r-l-kv]Xnx.
f kvan¶¶ B`-Pkz CXn. tXssham -f `nkw- Cu {]Ir-X-amb BMvKn-c-k³Xs¶ _rl-k]v -Xnbpw
hni tXXn. XtYXn Xw ka´w ]cn-Wy-hn-i-´. BIp-¶p. _rlXo F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv hm¡m-Ip-¶p-h-tÃm.
Xkvam-Zy-Zt\ \m¶-a-¯ntX ss\Xm-kvXr-]y-´n. AXn\v Cu {]mW³ ]Xn-bm-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m _rl-kv]-
Ghw l hm G\w kzm A`n-kw-hn-i´n; `À¯m Xn-bp-am-Ip-¶p.
kzm\mw t{ijvTx ]pc GXm `h-X y¶mtZm -f
30. D]þGj D Gh {_Ò- W -k v ] Xnx; hmssKz
[n]-Xncy Ghw thZ. b D sslhw-hnZw tkzjp-
{_Ò; Xkym Gj- ] Xnx; Xkv amZp {_ÒW
{]Xn {]Xn˼q-`q-j-Xn, \ sslhmew `mtcy-t`ym- kv ]Xnx.
`-h-Xn. AY b Gssh-X-a-\p-`-h-Xn, tbm sshX-
a-\p-`m-cym³ _p`q-jXn, kssl-hmew `mtcy-t`ym- Cu {]mW³Xs¶ {_Ò-kv]-Xnbpw BIp-¶p, {_Òw
`- h-Xn. hm¡m-Ip-¶p. AXn-\-vþB hm¡n-\-vþCu {]mW³ ]Xn-bm-Ip-
¶p. AXn-\m {_Ò-W-k] v Xn BWv.
B hmKm- Zn- I -f mb tZh- · mÀ ]dªp:þ ""A¶w
bmsXmt¶m AXv FÃmw C{X-bpta DÅp-htÃm; AXns\ 31. D]þGj D Gh kma; hmssKzkm f- ssaj,
X\n-¡p-th­n \o BK-a\w sNbvXp. C\n Cu A¶- ¯nÂ
km Nma-tÝXn XXv kmav\x kmaXzw; btZzh
kax ¹pjn-Wm, ktam ai-tI-\, ktam \mtK\,
R§sf B`- Pn- ¸ n-¡ p- I -þ - ] - ¦ p- Å - h -c m- ¡ p- I .'' F¶v
ka G`n-k v{Xn-ZnÀtÃmssIx, kax kÀtÆW;
"A¶mÀ°n-I-fm-sW-¦n \n§Ä Fsâ Npäpw A`n-ap-J-
X mk vam- t Zz- h - k ma; A i v\ ptX k mav\ x
ambn ØnXn sN¿p-hn³!' F¶p {]mW³ ]d-ªp. ""A§-
kmbqPyw ktem IXmw, b G h taX Xv
s\-bm-Is«'' F¶p ]d-ªv, B {]mW\v Npäpw \nhn-ã-cm-
kmathZ.
bn. AXn-\m Cu {]mW-s\-s¡m­v bmsXmcp A¶s¯
temIw AZn-¡p-¶p-thm, B A¶w-sIm­v Cu hmKm-Zn-IÄ Cu {]mW³ Xs¶ kma-hp-am-Ip-¶p. "km' F¶Xv
Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp¶p C{]-Imcw BÀ Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Chs\ hm¡m- Ip-¶p. "Aa' F¶ i_vZw Cu {]mW-\m-Ip-¶p. "k'
kz´w Bfp-IÄ-þ-Úm-Xn-IÄ C{]-Imcw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn¨p F¶Xpw "Aa' F¶Xpw AXmWv kma-¯n- \pÅ kmaXzw
Npäpw Ccn-¡p-¶p. Ch³ ÚmXn-IÄ¡v `c-W-IÀ¯m- F´p Imc-W-¯m-em- tWm. ¹pjn- tbm-Sv-þ-]p-¯n- Im-i- co-c- t¯m-
hmbpw t{ijvT - \ mbpw ap¼n \S- ¡ p-¶ - h -\ m- b pw, Sp-þ-k-a-\mbpw sImXp-In-t\mSp ka-\m-bpw, \mK-t¯mSp ka-
\mbpw Cu aq¶p temI-§-tfmSpw ka-\mbpw kÀÆ-
A¶s¯ `£n-¡p-¶-h-\m-bpw Atcm-K-\mbpw taem-hm-bn-
t¯mSpw ka-\mbpw Ccn-¡p-¶ -Xv, AXp-sIm­pw {]mWs\
cp¶v ]men-¡p-¶-h-\mbpw `hn-¡p-¶p. kz´w Bfp-I-fnÂ
kma-sa¶p ]d-bmw. Bcm-tWm, C{]-Imcw kmas¯ Adn-
BcmtWm C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-¶-h-s\-¡p-dn¨v {]Xn-Iq-e-\m-
bp-¶-Xv, Ah³ kma¯n-sâ-þ- {]m-Wsâ kmbq-Py-s¯tbm
bn, kv]À²n-¡p-¶-h\ - mbn `hn-¡p-hm³ CÑn-¡p-¶-X v,
ktem-I-X-tbtbm {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
Ah³ `c-Wo-b-·mÀ¡v aXn-bm-b-h-\mbn `hn-¡-bn-Ã-X-s¶.
]ns¶ BcmtWm Ch-s\-þ- C-{]-Imcw Adn-bp-¶-h-s\-þ-A-\p- 32. D]- þ - G - j - D hm DZv K oYx; {]mtWm hm DXv ;
K-X- \mbn `hn-¡p-¶-Xv, BcmtWm Chs\ A\p-hÀ¯n-¨p- {]mtW\ loZw kÀh-ap-¯ _v [ wx hm tKh
sIm­v `mcy- ·m- sc- þ-`-c- Wo- b-·m-sc-þ-`- cn- ¡p- hm³ CÑn-¡p-¶Xv KoYm; D¨-KoYm tNXn k DZ-KoYmx.
Ah³ am{Xta `c-Wo-b-·mÀ¡p aXn-bmhpI-bp-Åq. Cu {]mW³ DZvKo-Y-hp-am-Ip-¶p. DXv F¶Xv {]mW-\m-
28. D]-""tkm f- bmky BMvK n-c tkm -f MvKm\mw Ip-¶p. Fs´-¶m Cu PK-s¯Ãmw {]mW-\m BWv
lnckx'' {]mtWm hm AMvKm\mw ckx, {]mtWm- D¯-_v[-am- bn-cn-¡p- ¶- Xv-þ-Xm§n \ndp- ¯- s¸-«n-cn- ¡p-¶-Xv. KoY
F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv hm¡p-Xs¶ BIp-¶p. D¯w-Ko-Ybpw
lnhm AMvKm\mw ckx; XkvamZw bkvamÂ

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 283
I F¶p-ÅXp tNÀ¯p-]-d-bp-¶-XmWv DZvKo-Yw.
33. D]-þX
- ²
- m]n {_Ò-Z-¯tÝ InXmt\m cmPm\w
`£-b-¶p-hmN:þ Abw Xyky cmPm aqÀ²m\w
hn]m-X-b-Xm-Zv, bZntXm -f bmky BMvKnctkm -
f t\yt\m- Z - K m- b - Z n- X n. hmNm N tlyh k
{]mtW\ tNmZ-Km-b-Zn-Xn.
B hnj-b-¯nepw Hcp BJym-bnI tI«n-«p-­v. ssNIn-
Xm- \sâ bphm- ]- Xy-amb {_Ò- Z-¯³ cmPm-hn- s\- þ- tkm- a- s¯-
þ- `- £n-¨p- sIm­v ]dªp: ""Abm-ky- \mb BMvKn-c-k³ Cu
hmIvkw- bp-à- \mb {]mW-\nÂ\n¶v asämcp tZh- X- sb- s¡m-
­mWv DZvKm\w sNbvX-sX-¦nÂ, Cu F¶m `£n-¡-s¸-
Sp¶ tkmaw Ah-sâ-þ-A-\r-X-hm-Zn-bmb Fsâ-þ-aqÀ²m-hn-
s\-þ- in-c-Êns\ hn]-Xn- ¸n- ¡s«'' F¶v. Ah³-þ-A- bm-ky-\mb
BMvKn-c-k³ hm¡p-sIm­pw {]mW-s\-s¡m­pw Xs¶-
bmWv DXvKm\w sNbvXXv F¶v CXp-sIm­p XoÀ¨-bm-W.v
34. D]þ Xky sslXky kmtav\m bx kzw thZ,
`hXn lmky ssh kzc Gh kzw Xkv am-
ZmÀXznPyw Icn-jy³ hmNn kzc-an-tÑ-X. Xbm
hmNm kzk- ¼ - ¶ bm - f - f ÀXznPyw Ipcym- X v .
Xkvam-ZytÚ kzc-h´w ZnZr-£´ Gh; AtYm
bkykzw `h-X n. `hXn lmkykzw b Gh
tatXXv kmav\x kzw thZ.
A-§-s\-bpÅ Cu kma-¯nsâ [\s¯ BÀ Adn-bp-
¶pthm Ah¶v [\w D­m-Ipw. B kma-¯n\v [\w kzcw-
X-s¶-bmWv. AXn-\m BÀXznPyw sNbvhm³ t]mIp-¶-
h³ hm¡n kzcs¯ CÑn-¡-Ww. kzc-k-¼-¶-bmb B
hm¡p-sIm­v BÀXzn-Pys¯ sN¿-Ww. BÀ¡mtWm [\w
DÅ- Xv, Aht\ ImWp-hm³ B{K-ln-¡p- ¶Xp F{]-Im-ctam
AXp-t]m-se, bÚ¯n kzc-ap-Å-hs\ ImWp-hm³ P\-
§Ä B{K-ln-¡p-I-Xs¶ sN¿p-¶p. BcmtWm C{]-Imcw
Cu kma-¯nsâ kz¯ns\ Adn-bp- ¶Xv Ah¶v [\w D­m-
Ip¶XmWv.
35. D]-þ -X ky sslXky kmav t\mbx kphÀ®w
thZ, `hXn lmky kph˨w; Xky ssh kzc
Gh kph˨w; `hXn lmky kph˨w b
Ghw ta-XXv kmav\x kph˨w thZ.
A§-s\-bpÅ Cu kma-¯nsâ kphÀ®s¯ BÀ
Adn- bp-¶pthm Ah¶v kphÀ®w D­m- Ipw. B kma- ¯n\v
kphÀ®w kzcw-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw Cu kma-
¯nsâ kphÀ®s¯ BÀ Adn-b p- ¶ pthm Ah¶v
kphÀ®w D­m-Ip¶XmWv.
36. D]þ Xky sslXky kmavt\m bx {]XnjvTmw
thZ, {]Xn lXn-jvTXn; Xky ssh hm tKh
{]XnjvTm; hm Nn ln Jtezj GXXv {]mWx
{]Xn-jvTntXm KobtX; A¶ CXyp-sslI B
lpx.
N P
A§-s\-bpÅ Cu kma-¯nsâ {]Xn-jvTsb BÀ Adn- K
bp-¶p-thm, Ah³ {]Xn-jvTnXn sN¿p-¶p. B kma-¯n\v
{]XnjvT hm¡p-X-s¶- bm-Ip-¶p. Fs´- ¶m Cu {]mW³
hm¡n {]Xn-jT v n-X- \m-bn-«m-WtÃm Cu KoXn-bm-bn-¯o-cp-
¶-Xv. A¶-¯n {]Xn-jvTn-X-\m-bn-«m-Wp KoXn `mhs¯
{]m]n-¡p-¶-sX¶v aäp NneÀ ]d-bp-¶p.
37. D]þ AYmXx ]h-am-\m-\m-ta-hm-`ym-tcmlx; k
ssh Jep {]kvtXmXm kma {]kvXuXn; k
b{X {]kvXp-bmXv XtZ-Xm-\n-P-t]Xv;þ AktXm
am kZv K - b abm; Xa- t km am tPmXnÀK- a b;
artXymÀ½m -f arXw-K- a-b . CXn. k bZm- l m-
ktXm am\z-ZvK-a-tb-Xn, arXypÀhm Ak-Xv, kZ-
ar X w ; ar tX ymÀ ½ m - f ar X w Ka- b m- a r X w
amIpÀhntXy sshX-Zml; Xatkm am tPymXnÀ
Ka-t bXn:þ arXypÀsshXtam, tPymXn- c - arXw
artXymÀ½m -f arXw Ka- b m- a rXw amIpÀhn-
tXyssh XZml; artXymÀ½m -f arXw Ka-tbXn
\m{X Xntcm-ln-X-an-hm-kvXn. AYbm \oX-cmWn
kvtXm{XmWn tXjzm-ßt\ -f ¶m`yamKmtb-Xv.
XkvamZp tXjp-h cw hrWo-X bw Imaw Ima-
tbX Xw; k Ghw hnZp- Z v KmXm - f - f ßt\
hmbP-am-\mb h bw Imaw Ima-btX XamKm
bXnsXs²-X -tÃm-I -P n-tZh: \ sslhm-tem-I y-
Xmbm Bim f- kvXn, b Gh-ta-XXv kma thZ.
A\-´cw CXn-\m GXp hnÚm-\-ap-Å-h-\mtWm P]-
IÀ½- ¯n A[n-Im-cw, B hnÚm\w ]d-ªp-I-gn-ª-Xn-
\m ]h-am-\-§Â¡p am{X-apÅ A`ymtcmlw F¶p ]d-
bp¶ P]-IÀ½w hn[n-¡-s¸-Sp¶p:þ B {]kvtXm-Xmhv
kmas¯ {]kvX-hn-¡p-a-tÃm. B {]kvtXm-Xmhv GXp Ime-
¯n {]kvX-hn-¡p-tam-þ- {]m-cw-`n-¡ptam At¸mÄ Ch-sb-þ-
Xmsg ]d-bp¶ a{´- §sf P]n-¡-Ww. ""AktXm am kZvK-
abm'' ""Xatkm am tPymXnÀK-a-b.'' ""artXymÀ½m f- arXw
Ka-b,'' F¶v. B a{´w ""AktXm am kZvK-abm'' F¶v
GXns\ ]d-bp-¶p-thm, AXn Ak¯v F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv
arXyp BIp-¶p. k¯v F¶Xv Aar-X-am-Ip-¶p. Fs¶
arXyp-hnÂ\n¶v Aar-X s¯ {]m]n-¸n-¡p-I. AXm-bXv;
Fs¶ Aar-X-\m-¡pI F¶p-X-s¶-bmWv Cu ]d-bp-¶-Xv.
XaÊv F¶Xv arXyp BIp-¶p. arXyp-hnÂ\n¶v Fs¶ Aar-
Xs¯ {]m]n-¸n-¡p-I. AXm-bXv Fs¶ Aar-X-\m-¡pI
F¶p-X-s¶-bmWv C¸-d-bp-¶-Xv. artXymÀ½m f- arXw- K-ab
F¶p-Å- Xn XntcmlnXsa- ¶-t]mse DÅ AÀ°kzcq]w
CÃ. A\-´cw aäp kvtXm{X-§Ä Ghtbm Ah-bn X\n-
¡mbn A¶m-Zys¯ BKm\w sN¿-Ww. GXp Imc-W-¯m-
emtWm C{]- Imcw Adn-bp-¶- þ-{]m- W-hn- ¯m- b- þCu DZv- Km- Xmhv
X\n-¡mtbm bP-am-\¶ - mtbm GXp Imas¯ Iman-¡p-
¶pthm AXns\ BKm\w sN¿p-¶-Xv, AXn-\m B
kvtXm{X-§Ä {]tbm-Kn-¡-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ GXp Ima-s¯-
bmtWm Iman-¡p-¶-Xv, B Imas¯ hc-ambn hcn-¡-Ww.
 284

I A§-s\-bpÅ Cu {]mhn-Úm\w temI-§sf Pbn-¡p-¶- ]Xv\o Nm`-h-Xmw. Xkvam-Zn-Z-aÀ² _rK-f-anh kz K

Xp-X-s¶. BcmtWm Cu \mas¯ Adn-bp-¶Xv Ah¶v CXnl kva m -ff lbm-Ú -hevIyx; Xkvam-Z-b-
temImÀl-Xz-`m-h-s¯-¸än Awiw-k\w D­m-Ip¶X-Ã. amImix kv{Xnbm ]qcyX Gh. \mw ka-`h - Xv;
XtXm a\pjym APm-b-´.
\memw {_mÒWw
Ah³ B {]Pm-]Xn can-¨n-Ãþ cXnsb {]m]n-¨n-Ã. AXn-
38. D]-þB- -ssß-th-Z-a{K BkoXv; ]pcp-j-hn[x tkm \m GIm-In-bm-bn-«p-Å-h³ can-¡p-¶n- Ã. Ah³, c­m-a-
f- \p ho£y-\ m-\ y-Zm-ß t\m - f ]iyXv; tkm -f sXmcp hkvXp-hn- s\-þkv{Xn hkvXp-hns\ CÑn- ¨p. Ah³ ]c-
l akvao Xyt{K hyml-c-Xv. XtXm -f lw \mam- kv]cw Benw- K\w sNbvXn-cn-¡p¶ kv{Xo ]pcp- j- ·mÀ F§-
`-hXv: Xkvam-Z-t]y-XÀlym-a-{´ntXm -f la-b-an- s\-tbm-þ-GXp ]cn-am-W-t¯mSp IqSn-bn-cn-¡ptam A{Xbpw
tXy-hm{K Dàzm -f Ym\y-¶ ma {]{_q-tX, bZ- ]cn-am-W-ap-Å- h³ Bbn-¯oÀ¶p. Ah³ Cu Bßm-hn-s\-
ky-` -h - X n. k bXv ]qÀtÆm - f kv amXv kÀÆ- ¯s¶ c­p {]Im-c-¯n ]Xn-¸n-¨p. AXn-\m ]Xnbpw
kvamXv kÀÆm³ ]m]va \ Huj- X v, Xkv amXv ]Xv\nbpw D­m-bn. AXn-\m Cu icocw X¶n-ep-Å- þ-Xsâ
]pcpjx HmjXn l ssh k Xw tbm f- kvamXv AÀ²-`mKw t]mte-bn-cn-¡p¶p F¶v bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]d-
]qÀtÆm _p`q-jXn b Ghw thZ. ªn-«p-­v. AXn-\m BIm-i- am-b-þ-k{v Xo-bm-Ip-¶-þ-]-Ip-Xn-
bn-Ãm¯ Cu ]pcp-jmÀ²w kv{Xobm ]qcn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-I-
aäp icocw D­m-Ip- ¶-Xn\p ap¼v CXv ]e amXn-cn- bn- epÅ
Xs¶ sN¿p-¶p. Ah-sf-þ-]X - v\n-bmbn Iev]n-¡-s¸-«p. iX-
ico-c-sa-Ãmw-þ-B- ßm-hp-Xs¶ Bbn- cp-¶p. ]pcp-j- s\-t¸mse
cq] F¶ B ]p{Xnsb {]Pm-]Xn D]-K-an-¨p. AXnÂ\n¶v
incÊv ]mWn-IÄ apX-em-b-h-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb B hncm«v A\p-
a\p-jyÀ D­m-bn.
ho- £Ww sNbvXn- «v-þ- A-\zm-tem-N\w sNbvXn- «v-þ-X-¶nÂ\n¶p
thtd- bmb H¶n-t\bpw I­n- Ã. Ah³ apt¼ "Rm\m- Ip¶p' 41. D]þ tkmtl-b-ao-£mw-N-t{I-þ-I-Yw-\pam f- f ß\
F¶ AÀ°-¯n "Alw Akvan' F¶v hyml-cn-¨p-þ- ]-d- Gh P\-bnXzm kw`-hXn? l´! Xntcm f- km
ªp. AXn-\m "Alw' F¶p t]cp-Åh - \
- m-bn-Xo˦p. \oXn; km Kuc-`h - Xv; Ej-`-CX - cx; Xmw kta-hm-
AXn-\m Ct¸mgpw B a{´Ww sN¿-s¸-«-h³-þ"\o Bcv?' `-h Xv ; XtXm Kmthm f
- Pmb´; _Uth Xcm -
F¶p tNmZn- ¨m Hcp- h³- þ- B-Zyw- þ-"Rm³ BWv' F¶p-Xs¶ f `hXv ; Aiz hrj CXcx; KÀ±À`o- X-cm, KÀ±`
]d-ªn-«v, B thtd-bpÅ \mas¯ ]d-bp-¶p. B {]Pm-]Xn CXcx; Xmw kta- h m- ` h
- Xv ; X X GIi ^a-Pm-
Cu {]Pm-]-Xn-Xzs¯ {]m]n-¡p-hm-\n-Ñn-¡p-¶-h-cpsS kap- bX; AtP-Xcm f- `hXv; hkvX-CX - cx; Ahncn-X-
Zm- b-s¯- ¡m-sfÃmw ]qÀÆ-\m-bn- «v-þ-ap-¼-\m-bn-«v-þ-FÃm ]m]vam- cm, taj- C - X cx; Xmw kta- h m- ` -h Xv; XtXm f-
¡-tfbpw Zln-¸n¨p F¶p-ÅXv GtXm, AXn-\m ]pcp-j- Pmhtbm f
- Pmb´; Gh- t ah bZnZw InwN anYp-
\m- Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw BÀ Adn-bp- ¶pthm Ah³, BcmtWm \- a m]n ]oen- X m- `y- k v X Xv ; kÀh akr- P-X.
Ch-s\-¡mÄ ap¼-\mbn `hn-¡p-hm³ CÑn-¡p-¶Xv Ahs\ B ChÄþ B iX-cq] Cu£n-¨p.þ Btem-Nn-¨p.
Zln-¸n- ¡p¶XmWv. ""Fs¶ X¶nÂ\n¶p Xs¶ P\n- ¸n-¨n- «v, F§- s\-bmWv kw`-
39. D]-þ tkm f- _nt`Xv; Xkvam-tZ-ImIo _nt`Xn; hn- ¡p-¶Xv?- D]- K- an-¡p- ¶Xv? Ct¸mÄ Rm³ ad- ªp-I-fbmw''
k l mb- a o- £ mw- N - t {I, b·- Z - \ y- ¶ m- k vXn, F¶v, AhÄþ B iX-cq] tKmhm-bn-¯oÀ¶p. atä BÄþ
Ikv a m¶p _nt`- a oXn; XX Ghmky `bw a\p Ej`w Bbn. Ahsf D]-K-an-¡-Xs¶ sNbvX p.
AXnÂ\n¶v tKm¡Ä P\n-¨p. atä-hÄ-þ-i-X-cq-]-þ-s]¬c-Ip-
hobmb; Ikvam-²y-t`-£yXv? ZznXobm ssZz `bw
Xn-c-bm-bn-¯oÀ¶p. atä-h³-þ-a\pþB¬Ip-Xn-c-bm-bn. iX-
`h-Xn.
cq] s]¬I-gp- X- bm-bn. atä BÄ B¬I- gp-X-bm- bn. Ahsf
Ah³þB {]Pm-]Xn `b-s¸-«p, AXn-\m Hä-bm-bp-Å- D]-K-an-¡-Xs¶ sNbvXp. AXnÂ\n¶v Hä-¡p-f-¼pÅ C\w
h³ `b-s¸-Sp-¶p. A§s\ `b-s¸« Cu {]Pm-]Xn Cu D­m-bn. iX-cq] s]¬tIm-em-Sm-bn. atä BÄ-þa - -\p-þ- tIm-
£Ws¯ sNbvXp-þ-hn-Nm-cn-¨-dn-ªp. ""bmsXmcp Imc-W- em-Sm-bn. AXp-t]mse iX-cq] s]¬Ip-dn-bmSpw a\p
¯m F¶nÂ\n¶v A\y-am- bn-«pÅ hkvXp CÃ- tÃm, AXn- B¬Ip-dn-bm-Sp-ambn Ahsf D]-Ka - n-¡-Xs¶ sNbvXp.
\m GXnÂ\n-¶mWv Rm³ `b-s¸-Sp-¶Xv?'' F¶v. AXn- AXnÂ\n¶v tImem-Sp-Ifpw Ipdn-bm-Sp-Ifpw D­m-bn. C{]-
\mÂXs¶ Ch-sâþ Cu {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS `bw Xosc \o§n. Imcw Xs¶ ]n]o-en-I-IÄhsc GsXÃmw anYp-\-amtWm
GXn \n¶mWv `b-s¸-«Xv? c­m-a-sXm-¶n \n¶m-WtÃm temI-¯n DÅXv AXns\ FÃmw krãn-¨p.
`b-ap-­m-Ip-¶ -Xv.
42. D]þ tkm -f thZlw hmh krãn-c - k vaylw
40. D]þ k ssh ss\h tcta; Xkvam-tZ-Im-Io\ loZw kÀha kr£o-X n, XXx krãn-c -` -h Xv
catX. k ZznXo-b-ssa-ÑXv; k sslXm-hm-\m-k, krãymw lmssky-Xkymw `h-Xn, b Ghw thZ.
bYm kv{Xo]pamw ku kw]-cn-jàu; k Ca Ah³ B {]Pm-]Xn hnNm-cn¨p:þ ""krãn-þ-kr-ãn-¡- s¸«
tahm f- f ßm\wtZz[m -f ]mX-bXv; XXx ]XnÝ PK-¯v-þ-Rm³ Xs¶- bm-Ip- ¶p. Fs´-¶m CXns\ FÃmw

N P
 285
I Rm\mWp'' krãn-¨Xv F¶v. AXn-\m krãn F¶p t]cp-
Å-h-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶p. C{]- Imcw BÀ Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Ah³
Chsâþ Cu {]Pm-]-Xn-bp-sS-þCu krãn-bnÂ-þ-kr-ãn-bmb
Cu PK-¯n {kãm-hm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
43. D]- þ - A - t Y- X y- ` - a - Ù Xv ; kap- J m- ¨ - t bm- t \Àl
kvXm`ymw Nmán-a-kr-PX; Xkva-tZ-X-Zp-`-b-atem
aI-a-´-cX;x Atem-a-I ml tbm\n-c-´-cXx XZy
`nZam lpcapw bPmapw b tPtXy-ssIIw tZh,
taX- s skyh km hnkrãnx; Gj Dtlya
kÀthtZhmx AY- b Xv Int©-Z -amÀ{Zw Xt{Z-
Xtkm f- krPX; XZp-tkmax; GXm-h Zzm CZw
kÀh-a¶w Nm¶m-ZÝ; tkma Ghm¶w; Aán-
c- ¶ mZx; sskjm {_ÒtWm - f Xnkrãnx;
bÑvtdbtkm tZhm-\ -k r-P -X , AY-b -· À¯yx
k¶-ar-X m-\ -k r-P -X, Xkvam-Z-X n-k rãnx AXn-
krãymw lmsskyXkymw `hXn b Ghw thZ.
A\-´cw C{]-Imcw A`n-ap-tJy\ aY\w sNbvXp. B
{]Pm- ]Xn apJ-am-Ip¶ tbm\n-bnÂ\n¶pw lkvX- §-fm-Ip¶
tbm\n-I-fnÂ\n¶pw Aánsb krãn-¨p. AXn-\m CXp-
c­pw AI¯v tcma-an-Ãm-¯-Xm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. tbm\n AI-
¯p-h-i¯v tcma-an-Ãm-¯-Xm-W-tÃm. AXnÂ-þ-IÀ½-{]-I-c-W-
¯nÂ, Hmtcm tZh-s\bpw C¶-tZ-hs\ bPn-¡p-I, C¶-tZ-
hs\ bPn-¡pI F¶v C¸-d-bm-dp-ÅXv GtXm B hnhn-[-
amb krãn Cu {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS Xs¶- bm-Ip-¶p. FÃm tZh-
·mcpw Cu {]Pm-]Xn Xs¶ BIp-¶p. A\-´cw temI-
¯n GsX-Ãm-amtWm BÀ{Z-am-bn-«pÅXv Ahsb tcX-
ÊnÂ\n¶v krãn-¨p. AXv tkmaw Xs¶- bm-Ip-¶p. Cu PK-
s¯Ãmw C{X-t¯mfw am{X-am-Ip-¶p. A¶hpw A¶m-Z\pw
am{X- am-Ip-¶p. A¶w-X- s¶-bmWv tkmaw A¶m-Z³ Xs¶
Aán. Xs¶- ¡m t{ijvT-cmb tZh- ·msc krãn¨p F¶Xv
GtXm, CXv {_Òm-hnsâþ{]-Pm- ]-Xn-bp-sS-þ-X-s¶- ¡mÄ IqSn-
b-X-c-¯n-epÅ krãn-bm-Ip-¶p. aÀ¯y-\m-bn-cp-¶p-sIm­v
ac-W- an- Ãm-¯- hsc krãn¨p F¶Xv GtXm AXn- \m AXn-
kr- ãn-bm-Ip-¶p. C{]- Imcw BÀ Adn-bp-¶pthm Ah³ Ch-
sâ-þCu {]Pm-]-Xn-bp-sS-þCu AXn-kr-ãn-bn {]Pm-]-Xn-sb-
t¸mse Xs¶ krãm-hm-bn-¯o-cp¶XmWv.
44. D]-þ - X - t²Zw XÀly-h ym- I r- X - am- k oXv; X¶ma
cq]m-` ym-tah hym{In-b -X m-k u-\ mam -f banZw
cq] CXn; XZn-Z-a-t]y-X Àln \ma-cq-]m-` ym-tah
hym{In-b tX -f ku \mam-b -ZnZwcq] CXn. k
Gj Cl {]hnã B -f \Jm-t{K-t`ym, bYm
£pcx £pc-[mt\ -f hlnXx kymXv hnizw`tcm
hm hnizw-`-c-Ip-emtb; Xw \ ]iy-´n. AIrtÕ
\mln kx; {]mW-t¶h {]mtWm-\ ma `hXn;
hZ³ hmIv; ]iyw-Ý£px irWzRv t{im{Xw,
a\zm-t\m-a\ kvXm\y-ssky-Xm-\n-IÀ½ \mam-t\y-
h. k tbm f- X GssI Iap-]mkvtXm \ k
thZ; AIr-tÕv\mtly jx; AX GssItI \
N P
`hXn; Btß-tXythm ]mkoX; A{X tlytX K
kÀÆ GIw `h-´ n, XtZ-X Xv ]Z\o baky
kÀÆ-ky, bZ-b-amßm; At\\ tlyXXv kÀÆw
thZ. bYm l ssh]- t Z- \ m- \ p- h n- t µ, tZhw
IoÀ¯nw, tÇmIw hnµ-tX, bGhw thZ.
_oPm-h -Ø-bn-em-bn-cp¶ PK-¯ v, At¸mÄ-þ- D Â]-
¯n¡p ap¼v-þ-A-hym-Ir-X- am-bn-cp-¶p. AXv-þ-A-hym-Ir-X-am-bn-
cp¶ PK-¯vþ ""Ch³ C¶ t]cp-Å-h-\m-Ip-¶p. C¶ cq]-
t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\m-Ip-¶p,'' F¶v \maw-sIm­pw cq]w-
sIm­pw Xs¶ hymI-cn-¨p. A§-s\-bpÅ Bhym-Ir-X-
amb hkvXp C¡m-e-¯pw, ""Ch³ C¶-t]-cp- Å-h-\m-Ip¶p;
C¶ cq]-ap-Å-h-\m-Ip-¶p.'' F¶v \maw-sIm­pw cq]w-
sIm­pw Xs¶ hymI- cn- ¡p-¶p. Ah³þ B ]c-\mb Bßm-
hv, £pcw-þ-I-¯n- þ-I-¯n-¡q-«n Ah-ln- X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xpw
{]th-in-¸n-¡-s¸-«n- cn-¡p-¶-Xpw, hnizw- `-c- ³ þ-A-án-þ- hn-izw-`-
csâ Ipem-b-¯nÂ-þ-A-hln-X-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xpw GXp {]Im-
c-tam, A{]-Imcw Cu tZl-§-fn \Jm-{K-§Ähsc {]hn-
ã-\mbn Ahs\ Im-Wp-¶n-Ã. Fs´- ¶mÂ, Ah³-þ- {]m-W-
\m-Zn-{In-b-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb Bßmhv AIr-Õv\-\m-Ip-¶p. Ak-
a-kvX-\m-Ip-¶p. {]mW-\-{In-bsb sNbvXp-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-
t¼mÄ am{Xsa {]mW³ F¶p t]cp- Å- h- \m-bn- cn-¡p- ¶p-Åq.
hZn-¡p-t¼mÄ am{Xta hm¡v F¶p t]cp-Å-h-\m-bn-cn-¡p-
¶p-Åq. ZÀin-¡p-t¼mÄ am{Xta N£pÊv F¶p t]cp-Å-h-
\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-Åq. {ihn-¡p-t¼mÄ am{Xta t{im{X- sa¶p
t]cp-Å-h-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-Åq. a\\w sN¿p-t¼mÄ am{Xta
a\-sʶp t]cp-Å-h-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶pÅq. Cu Bßm-hnsâ
A§-s\- bpÅ Cu {]mWm- Zn-\m-a-§Ä IÀ½w- sIm- ­p-­mb
\ma-§Ä am{X- am- W.v BcmtWm CXnÂ\n-¶vþ {]mW-\m-Zn-{In-
bm-k-ap-Zm-b-¯nÂ\n¶p Hmtcm-¶ns\ D]m- kn-¡p-´,v Ah³
{_Òs¯ Adn-bp-¶n-Ã. Fs´-¶mÂ, Cu Bßm-hv, Cu
{]mW-\mZn kap-Zm-b-¯n Hmtcm-¶mbn \nev¡p-t¼mÄ
AIr-Õv\- \m- Ip- ¶p- þ-A-k- a-kvX-\m-Ip-¶p. Bßm- sh- ¶p- h-¨p-
Xs¶ D]m-kn-¡Ww Fs´-¶m Cu Bßmhv F¶Xv
GtXm, {]Ir- X-amb Cu X¯zam-W,v CXn FÃm-än-epw-h¨p
{]m]n-¡-s¸-tS-­- Xv. Fs´-¶m CXp-sIm-­v-þCu Bß-X-
¯zs¯ Adn-bp-¶-Xp-sIm-­p, CXns\ FÃmwþBßm-h-Ãm-
¯-Xns\ FÃmw Adn-bp-¶p. BcmtWm C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-
¶-Xp, Ah³, GXp {]Im-c-amtWm ]Zw-sIm-­v-þ-Np-h«- -S-
bmfw sIm­v e`n-¡p-hm-\p-t±-in-¡p¶ ]ip-hns\ e`n-¡p-
¶Xv A{]-Imcw IoÀ¯n- sbbpw tÇmI-s¯bpw In«p-¶p.
45. D]þ XtZ-XXv t{]bx ]p{Xm-Xv, t{]tbm-hn¯mXv,
t{]tbm -f \y kvamXv kÀh-kvam, Z´-c-Xcw b
Zb-amßmx ktbm-\y-am-ß\x {]nbw {_phmWw
{_qbm-X v, {]nbw tcmÕy-X o-X n. Cuiztcml;
XssYh kymXv; Bßm-\-tah {]nb-ap]mknX;
k b BX-vam-\-tah {]nb-ap-]m-kvtX, \ lmky
{]nbw {]am-bpIw `h-Xn.
Cu Bßm-sh-¶Xv GtXm, CXv ]p{X-s\-¡mÄ t{]b-
 286
I Êm-Ip-¶p-þ-{]n-b-X-c-am-Ip-¶p. hn¯-t¯-¡mÂ-þ-kzÀ®w,
cXv\w apX-em-b-Xn-s\-¡mÄ {]nb-X-c-am- Ip-¶p. asä- Ãm-¯n- s\-
¡mfpw {]nb-X-c-am-Ip-¶p. Gähpw DÅn-ep-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p.
Btcm- tWm,-þ-GXp {]mW-{]n- b- hmZn BtWm, Bßm- h- Ãm¯
asäm-¶ns\ Bßm-hn-s\-¡mÄ {]nb-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶-h-t\m-
Sv, ""\n\¡v A`n-a-X-amb ]p{Xm-Zn-cq- ]-amb hkvXp tcm[n-¡pw-
þ-{]mW kwtcm-[-\s¯ {]m]n-¡pw-þ-\- in-¡pw.'' F¶v ]d-bp-
¶-Xv, Ah³ Cuiz-c³X-s¶-þ-A§ - s\ ]d-bp-¶-Xn\p aXn-
bm-b-h³X-s¶. Ah³ ]d-ªX - p-t]m-se-Xs¶ kw`-hn-
¡pw. Bßm-hn-s\-¯ s¶ {]nb-s a¶v D]m-k n-¡ -Ww.
A§s\ BcmtWm Bßm-hn-s\-¯s¶ {]nb-sa¶v D]m-
kn-¡p-¶-Xv, Chsâ {]nbw {]a-c-W-io-ea - m-bn-þ-\-in-¡p¶
kz`m-h-apÅ-Xmbn `hn-¡p-¶X-Ã- .
46. D]-þX
- Z- mlpxþbZv {_Ò-hn-Zybm kÀÆw `hnjy
t´m a\p-jym-a-\ yt´; Inap XZv {_Òm-th-Xvþ
bkvamXv XXv kÀÆ-a-`-hXv? CXn.
AXn- s\þ ASp¯ hmIy-¯mÂtZym-Xn-¸n-¡p- ¶-Xn-s\- þ-]-
d-bp¶p: \nc-Xn-i-b-amb t{ib-Êns\ {]m]n-¡p-hm-\n-Ñn-
¡p¶ {_mÒ-WÀ ]d-bp¶p ""a\p-jyÀ {_Ò-hn-Zy-sIm­v
48. D]þ {_Òhm CZ-a{K Bko-tZ-Ita-h, X¶ hy`-
X§Ä¡p FÃm-am-bn- ¯o-cm- sa¶v hnNm-cn- ¡p¶p F¶p- ÅXv
h-X XÑvtd-tbm-cq-]-a-Xy-kr-P-X£- -¯vdw, bmt\y-
GtXm, AXns\ kw_-Ôn¨p \mw tNmZn-¡p¶p GXnsâ
X m\ n tZh- { X m- £ - ¯ vdm- W ot{µ m hc pW x,
Úm\-¯m AXv-þB {_Òw FÃm-am-bn-¯oÀ¶p-thm,
tkmtam-cp{Zx ]ÀP-t\ym-btam arXyp-co-im\ CXn.
A§s\bpÅ F´n- s\- bm- Wv, B {_Òw Adn- ªXv?'' F¶ v.
47. D]þ {_Ò hm CZ-a{K BkoXv; XZm-ß m-\ta
hm thZlw {_Òm-kvaoXn; XkvamXv XXv kÀÆ
a`-hXv; XtZym tbm tZhm\mw {]Xy-_p-[y-X, k
Gh-X-Z-`-hXv; XYÀjoWmw; XYm a\p-jymWmw
Xss²-XXv ]iy-¶r-jnÀhm-a-tZhx {]Xn-t]tZ f-
lwa-\p-c-`hw kqcy-tÝXn; XZn-Za t]yXÀln, b
Ghw thZmlw {_Òm-kvao-Xn, k CZw kÀhw
`h-Xn. Xky l \ tZhmÝ \m`qXym CuitX;
Bßm-tlyjmw k `h-X n. AY tbm -f \ymw
tZh- X m- a p- ] mk vtX - f t\ ymk m ht\ ym - f
lakvXo Xn, \ kthZ; bYm ]ip-tchw ktZ-
hm-\mw, bYm l ssh _lhx]ithm a\pjyw
`qRvP yp, tc hta-s sII ]pcptjm tZhm³
`q\àn GI kvant¶h ]im-h m-Zo-b -amt\ -f
{]nbw `h-Xn. Inap_ lpjp? Xkvam tZjmw-
X¶ {]nbw btZ-X-·-\pjym hnZypx
CXv Cu ico-c¯- n ØnXn sN¿p-¶-Xmbn {Kln-¡-
s¸-Sp-¶Xv ap¼pw-þ-{]-Xn-t_m-[-¯n\p ap¼pw-þ-{_-Òw-Xs¶
Bbn-cp-¶p. AXv-þB {_Òw Xs¶-¯m-t¶, ""Rm³ {_Ò-
am-Ip¶p'' F¶v Adn-ªp. AXn-\m AXv kÀÆ-hp-am-bn-
¯oÀ¶p. B hnj-b -¯ n tZh-· m-c psS Iq«-¯ nÂ
BcmtWm {]Xn-t_m-[n-¨X - v,-þ-B-ßm-hns\ taÂ]-d-ª-{]-
Imcw Adn-ª-Xv, Ah³X-s¶- þB {]Xn-_p-²-\mb Bßm-
hv-þ- am{Xw AXm-bn-¯oÀ¶p. AXp-t]mse EjnI-fpsS Iq«-
¯nepw; AXp-t]mse a\p-jy-cpsS Iq«-¯n-epw. A§-s\-
N P
bpÅ Cu {_Òs¯ "Rm\m-Ip¶p' F¶p I­v, hma-tZ- K
h³ F¶ Ejn "Rm³ a\p-hmbn; kqcy\pw Bbn' F¶p
{]Xn-]-Zn-¨p-þ- kÀÆm-ß-`m-hs¯ {]m]n-¨p-h-t{X. A§-s\-
bpÅ Cu {_Ò-s¯, "C¡m-e¯pw Rm³ {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p.'
F¶n-§s\ BÀ Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Ah³ CXp FÃm-am-bn-
¯o-cpw. Ahsâ {_Ò-`mh {]m]vXn-tbbpw kÀÆ `mh-{]m-
]vXn-tbbpw CÃm-Xm-¡p-¶-Xn\v tZh-·mÀt]m-epw, CÃ, Cui-
cm-I-bn-Ã. Fs´-¶mÂ, Ah³-þ-{_-Ò-hn-¯v-þCu tZh-·m-
cpsS Bßm-hm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. ]ns¶ BcmtWm "Ah³
thtd-bm-Ip¶p; Rm³ thtd-bm-Ip¶p' F¶p hnNm-cn-¨v,
X¶nÂ\n¶p thtd-bmb Hcp tZh-Xsb D]m-kn-¡p-¶-Xv,
Ah³ X¯zs¯ Adn-bp-¶n-Ã. Ah³ tZh-·mÀ¡v ]kp
F§-s\tbm A§-s\-bm-Ip-¶p. GXp {]Im-c-¯n-emtWm
hfsc ]iq-¡Ä a\p-jys\ ]men-¡p-¶-Xv, C{]-Imcw Ahn-
Zzm- \mb Hmtcm ]pcp- j-\pw tZh-·msc ]men-¡p- ¶p. Hcp ]ip-
Xs¶ FSp- ¡- s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ A{]nbw D­m-Ip-¶p. hfsc ]ip-
¡Ä FSp- ¡- s¸-Sp- t¼mÄ, DÅ A{]nbw ]d-tb- Wtam? AXn-
\m a\p-jyÀ CXn-s\-þCu {_Òm-ß-X-Xzs¯ Adn-bp-¶-
Xv, Cu tZh-·mÀ¡v {]nb-Ica-Ã.
Xkv a m- X v £ - ¯ v d m- X v ] cw \mkv X n, Xkv a mZv
{_mÒWx £{Xnb a[-k v X m-Zp-] mkvt X cmP-
kqtb; £¯vd Gh-XZy timZ-[mXn sskjm-
£¯vd kytbm-\n-cyZv {_Ò. XkvamZv bZy]n
cm Pm ]c-a-X mw-K-Ñ -Xn, {_ssÒ-hm-´X D]\n
{ibXn kzmw tbm\nw. b D G\w ln\-kvXn,
kzmw k tbm\n-ar-ÑXn; k ]m]o-bm³ `h-Xn,
bYm-t{ibmw kwlnw knXzm.
BZyw CXv-þCu £¯vdm- Zn-Pm- Xn-sbÃmw H¶p- X- s¶-bmb
{_Ò-wXs¶ Bbn-cp-¶p. AXvþ B {_Òw Hä-b¡ v m-bn-cp-
¶-Xp-sIm­v hnZ-hn-¨n-Ãþ ià-am-bn-Ã. AXv-þ B {_Òw
{]i-kX v - cq-]amb £¯vds¯ £¯vdnb PmXnsb AXn-
kr-ãn-¨pþ AXn-i-tb\ krãn-¨p. tZh-·m-cn £¯vd-§-
sf¶p {]kn-²-§-fmb C{µ³; hcp-W³, tkma³, cp{Z³,
]ÀP-\y³, ba³, arXyp, Cuim-\³ F¶nh Fhtbm Ah-
bmWv B £¯vdw. AXn-\mÂ-þ-{_-Ò-¯m AXn-i-tb\
krãn-¡-s¸-«-Xn-\mÂ, £¯vd-s¯-¡mÄ IqSn-bXv CÃ.
AXn-\m cmP-kq-b¯ - n {_mÒ-W³ Xmsg Ccp-¶p-
sIm­v £¯vdn-bs\ D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. £¯vd-¯nÂXs¶
B bi-Ên-s\þ {_mÒ-sa-¶pÅ Jym-Xnsb Øm]n-¡p-¶p.
{_Ò-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv GtXm, AXv Cu {]{I-X-bmb
£¯vd-¯nsâ tbm\n-X- s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m cmPmhv
]c-a-X-sbþ {_mÒ-Ws\ At]-£n¨v DÂIÀjs¯ Kan-
¡p¶p F¦nepw HSp-hnÂþ IÀ½w Ah-km-\n-¡p-t¼mÄ-þ-
Xsâ tbm-\n-bmb {_Òs¯ Xs¶þ {_mÒ-W-Pm-Xn-sb-þ-
B- {i-bn-¡p- ¶p. BcmtWm Ch-s\- þ- {_m-Ò-Ws\ lnwkn-¡p-
 287
I ¶-Xv-þ-Xmgv¯n hnNm-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-hgn Ah³ Xsâ tbm\n-sb-
þ-Xsâ {]k-hs¯ hntÑ-Zn-¸n- ¡p-¶p-þ-\-in-¸n-¡p-¶p. Ah³
Iptd-¡qSn ]m]n-bm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. {]i-kvX-X-c-\m-bn-«p-Å-
hs\ lnwkn-¨n«v GXp-{]-Im-c-amtWm ]m]n-bm-bn-¯o- cp-¶Xv
AXp-t]mse Ah³ ]m]n-bm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
49. D]þ k ss\h hy`- h Xv ; khn- i a krPX;
bmt\yXm \ntZh PmXm-Xn-K-W-i -B-Jym-b -t´,
hkthm cp{Zm BZnXym hntiz-tZhm acpX CXn.
Ah³, {_mÒ-Wm-`n-am-\n-bmb ]pcp-j ³ F¶n«pw
IÀ½w sN¿p-¶-Xn\p Ign-hp-Å-h\ - m-bn-Ã. Ah³ hn«ns\
(ssh-iy-sc) krãn-¨p. GXp tZh-Pm-Xn-I-fmtWm hkp-¡Ä
cp{Z-·mÀ BZn-Xy-·mÀ hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ acp-¯p-IÄ F¶n-
§s\ Iq«w-Iq-«-ambn ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶Xv Ah-bmWv B hn«p-
IÄ.
50. D]þ k ss\h hy`-hXv; k iu{Zw hÀ®-akr
PX ]qj-Ww. Cbw ssh ]qjm. Cbw loZw
kÀhw ]pjyXn bZnZw Inw N.
Ah³ F¶n«pw IÀ½w sN¿p-¶-Xn\p ià-\m-bn-Ã.
Ah³ ]qjm-hm-Ip¶ ip{`-hÀ®s¯ krjvSn-¨p. ]qjm-
sh¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv Cu ]rYnhn BIp-¶p. Cu ]rYn-hn-bm-
WtÃm Cu PK-¯ns\ FÃmw t]mjn-¸n- ¡p-¶-Xv.
51. D]þ k ss\h hy`-hXv; XÑvt{itbm cq] aXy-
kr- P - X - [ À½w; XtZ- X Xv £{¯- k y£{¯w
b²À½x Xkvam-²À½mev]cw \mkvXn; AtYm
A_-eo-bm-³ _enbmw kamiw ktX [Àt½W
bYm-cm-ssÚhw tbm ssh k [À½x kXyw
ssh XXv; XkvamXv kXyw hZ-´am lqÀ²À½w
hZ-X oXn; [À½w hm hZ´w kXyw hZ-Xo-X n.
GX-t²y-ssh-X-Zp-`bw `h-Xn.
Ah³ F¶n«pw IÀ½w sN¿p-¶-Xn\p ià-\m-bn-Ã.
AXp-þ-{_Òw {]i-kvX-cq-]a- mb [À½s¯ AXn-i-tb\
krãn-¨p. [À½-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶Xp GtXm CXp £{X- ¯n-
sâbpw £{X-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m [À½t¯-¡mÄ IqSn-b-
Xmbn bmsXm-¶p-an-Ã. ZpÀ_e-X-c³ t]mepw, cmPm-hn-s\-
s¡m­p F{]-Im- ctam C{]- Imcw [À½w- sIm­p _e-h-¯-
cs\ Pbn-¡p-hm-\m-{K-ln-¡p-¶p. B [À½w GtXm AXv
kXy-am-I p-¶ p. AXn-\m kXy-s¯-¸-d-bp-¶-h-s\-¸ än
[À½sXXv ]d- b p-¶ p. [À½s¯ ]dp-b p- ¶ -h - s \-¸ än
kXys¯ ]d-bp¶p F¶pw ]d-bp-¶p. Fs´- ¶m -
[À½hpw kXyhpw H¶p-Xs¶ BIp-¶p.
52. D]þ XtZ-XXv {_Ò, £{Xw, hnSv, iq{Zx XZ-án-
ss\h tZthjp {_Òm-`-hXv; {_mÒtWm a\p-
tjyjp; £{Xn-tbW -f £{Xn-tbm, sshtiy\
sshiyx iqt{ZW iq{Zx Xkv am Zám- t hh
tZthjp temI-an-Ñt´; {_mÒtW a\p-tjyjp;
GXm`ymw ln cq]m`ymw {_Òm -f `h-X v. AY
N P
tbm l hm AkvamtÃm ImXv kzwtem-I-a-Zrãzm K
ss{]Xn k G\ahnZntXm \ `q\-à n, bYm
thZm hm f- -f \\p tàm -f \yZzm IÀ½m -f
IrXw. bZnl hm A]yt\ hwhn-·-l-Xv]pWyw
IÀ½- I -tcm- X n, X²mkym´Xx £obX Gh.
Bßm-\ -tah temI-ap]mkoX kb Bßm-\ -
tah temI-ap-]m-kvtX, \ lmky IÀ½ £ob-
tX. Akvam-t²yhm f- f ßt\mbZypXv Ima-btX
X¯Xv krP-tX.
B krãn-¡-s¸« NmXpÀhÀ®yw {_Òw, £{Xw, hnSv,
ip{Z³ CXm-Ip-¶p. AXvþ B {kãm-hmb {_Òw Aán-bm-
bn-«p-X-s¶- þ-A-án-cq-]-¯n¯s¶ tZh-·m-cpsS Iq«-¯nÂ
{_Ò- am-bn-þ -{_m-Ò-W -Pm-Xn-bm-bn-¯ oÀ¶p. a\p-jy-c nÂ
{_mÒ-W-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶p. C{µm-Zy-[n-jT v n-X-ambn £{Xn-b-Pm-
Xn-bm-bn-¯oÀ¶p. ]qjm-[n-jvT n-X-ambn iq{Z-Pm-Xn-bm-bn-
¯oÀ¶p. AXn- \m tZh-·m-cpsS Iq«-¯n Aán-bn¯-
s¶, Aán-tbmSp kw_-Ôn¨ IÀ½w sNbvXn«v temI-s¯,
IÀ½-^-e-s¯, CÑn-¡p-¶p. a\p-jy-cpsS Iq«-¯n {_mÒ-
W-\n IÀ½^-es¯ CÑn-¡p-¶p. Fs´-¶m km£m-
Xv{_Òw Cu {_mÒ-Wmán cq]-§-fn-em-WtÃm Bbn-
¯oÀ¶-Xv. ]ns¶ BcmtWm Bßm-sh¶p ]d-bp¶ kz´-
amb temIs¯ ZÀin-¡msX Cu kmwkm-cn-I-amb temI-
¯n \n¶v {]K-an-¡p-thm, acn-¡p-¶pthm Ahs\, Adn-
b-s¸Sm¯ AXv-þB kztem-Iw, A[y-b\w sN¿-s¸-Sm¯
thZ-tam, sN¿-s¸-Sm-sX-bpÅ thsd IÀ½tam F{]-Imctam
A{]-Im-cw, `pPn-¡p-I-bn-Ã. Cu kwkm-c-¯n C{]-Imcw
kz´-tem-Is¯ Adn-bm-¯-h³ hfsc hen-b-Xm-bn-«pÅ
]pWy-IÀ½s¯ sN¿p-¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶mepw Ahsâ B
IÀ½w HSp-hn £bn-¡p-I-Xs¶ sN¿p-¶p. kz´tem-I-
s¯- ¯s¶ D]m-kn-¡-Ww. A§s\ BcmtWm kz´- tem-
Is¯ D]m-kn-¡p-¶-Xv, Ahsâ IÀ½w £bn-¡-bn-Ã.
GtX-Xns\ Iman-¡p- ¶pthm AXm-Xns\ Cu Bßm- hnÂ\n-
¶p-Xs¶ krãn-¡p-¶XmWv.
53. D]þ AtYm Abw hm Bßm kÀthjm
`qXm\mw temIx, k bÖp-tlm-X n, bZy-P-tX
tX\ tZhm\mw temIx AY bZ-\p-{_qtX tX\
EjoWmw; AY bXv ]nXrt`ym \n]r-Wm-Xn, bXv
{] Pm- a n- Ñ - t X , tX\ ]nXr Wmw ; A Y b·
\pjym³ hmk-b-tX, btZt`ym -f i\w ZZm-Xn,
tX\ a\p-j ymWmw; AY bXv ]ip- ` ykv X r
tWmZIw hnµ-Xn, tX\ ]iq\mw; bZ-ky-Krtl
jp izm]-Zm, hbmw-kym-IoS ]n]o-e n-Im`y D]-
Po-h-´n, tX\ tXjmw temIx: bYm l ssh
kzmb temIm-bm-cn-ãn-an-tÑ, tZhw sslhw hntZ
kÀhmWn `qXm-\y-cn-ã-an-Ñ´n; XZzm GX ZznXnXw
aoamw-kn-X w.
Cu Bßm-hv, {]Ir-X- \mb Ahn-Zzm³ FÃm `qX-
§Ä¡pw, tZh-·mÀ apX ]n]o-en-I-IÄ hsc-bpÅ `qX-
 288

I §Äs¡-Ãmw, temI-am-Ip-¶p. t`mKy-am-Ip-¶p. Ah³ tlman- cn-¡p-¶p. Ah-\v, A§s\ hnNm-cn-¡p-¶-h\v IrÕv\X K
¡p- ¶-tX- tXm, bPn-¡p-¶-tX-tXm, AXp-sIm­v tZh-·mÀ¡p Xmsg-¸-d-bp¶ hn[-¯n D­m-Ip-¶p. Ch¶v Bßmhv a\-
temI-am-Ip-¶p. ]ns¶, kzm[ym-bs¯ A²y-b-\w-sN-¿p-¶- Êp-X-s¶. Pmb hm¡m-Ip-¶p. {]P {]mW-\m-Ip-¶p. am\p-j-
tXtXm AXp-sIm­p Ejn-IÄ¡p temI-am-Ip-¶p. ]ns¶, amb hn¯w N£p-Êm-Ip-¶p. Fs´-¶mÂ, N£p-Êp-sXm-
]nXr-¡Ä¡mbn ]nÞw DZIw apX-bXp sImSp-¡p-¶-tX- ­m-WtÃm AXn-s\, am\p-j-hn-¯-amb tKmhp apX-em-b-
tXm, {]Psb CÑn-¡p-¶-tXtXm AXp-sIm­v ]nXr- ¡Ä¡p Xns\ Adn-bp-¶Xv ssZh-amb hn¯w t{im{X-am-Ip-¶p.
temI-am-Ip-¶p. ]ns¶, a\p-jysc hkn-¸n-¡p-¶-tX-tXm, Fs´-¶mÂ, t{im{Xw sIm­m-WtÃm AXn-s\þ ssZh-am-
AhÀ¡v Ai-\s¯ Zm\w sN¿p-¶-tXtXm AXp-sIm­v b hn¯-amb hnÚm-\s¯ {ihn-¡p-¶-Xv. Ch¶v IÀ½w
a\p-jyÀ¡v temI-am-Ip-¶p, ]ns¶, ]ip-¡Ä¡v ]pÃpw Bßm-hp-X-s¶, icocw Xs¶. Fs´-¶m ico- cw-sIm-­m-
shÅhpw e`n-¸n- ¡p- ¶Xp GtXm, AXp-sIm­v ]ip- ¡Ä¡p WtÃm IÀ½s¯ sN¿p-¶-Xv. CXv ]m¦vX-am-bþ- -A-©p-
temI-am-Ip-¶p. Chsâ Krl-§-fn izm]-Z-§fpw ]£n- sIm­p \S-¡p¶ bÚ-am-Ip-¶p. tKmhp apX-em-bXv
Ifpw IoS-§fpw ]n]o-en-I-Ifpw hsc-bpÅ P´p-¡fpw D]- ]m¦vXa - m-Ip-¶p. ]pcp-j³ ]m¦vX- \m-Ip-¶p. CXv, IÀ½- km-
Po-hn- ¡p¶p F¶p-Å- tXtXm AXp- sIm­v AhÀ¡p temI- [- \hpw ^ehpw GsX-Ãmtam CsXÃmw ]m¦vX- am-Ip- ¶p. C{]-
am-Ip-¶p. F{]-Im-c-amtWm Xsâ temI-¯n\v hn\m-i-an-Ãm- Imcw BÀ Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Ah-\-hs\ ]m¦vX-am-Ip¶
bvasb CÑn-¡p-¶-Xv, A{]-Im-cw, FÃm `qX-§fpw Xm³ bÚ- am-bn- ¡m-Wp-¶-Xm-tcm, Ah³ Cu PK- ¯ns\ FÃmw
kÀÆ`qX-§Ä¡pw t`mKy-\m-sW¶v hnNm-cn- ¡p- ¶-h\v Acn- Bßm-sh¶ \ne-bn {]m]n-¡p-¶XmWv.
ãn-sb-þ-hn-\m- i-an-Ãm-bav -sb-þ- C-Ñn-¡p-¶p. CXv, taÂ]-dª
IÀ½-§Ä Bhiyw sNt¿- ­- h-bm-sW-¶p-Å- Xv, hnZn-X-hpw, A©mw {_mÒWw
]©-a-lm-b-Ú-{]-Ic - -W-¯n Adn-b-s¸-«n-«p-Å-Xpw, Ah 55. D]-þa - -{´-§Äþ bXv k]vXm-¶m\n ta[bm X]
Zm\-{]-I-c-W-¯n hnNm-cW sN¿-s¸-«n-«p-Å-Xp-am-W.v km -f P\-b Xv ]nXm; GI- aky km[m-c Ww;
54. D]-þ-B-s sß-th-Z-a{K Ako-tZI Gh; tkm f- tZz tZhm-\ -` m-P -b Xv; {XoWym-ßt\ -f IpcpX;
Ima-b-X, Pmbmta kymXv; AY {]Pm-tbb; AY ]ip`y GIw {]mb-ÑXv; Xkvan³ kÀÆw {]Xn-
hn¯wta kymXv; AY IÀ½ IpÀhob CXn jvTn-Xw, b¨ {]mWnXn b¨ \. IkvamZv Xm\n\n
GXm-hm³ sshImax; t\ÑwÝ \mtXm`qtbm £obt´ -f Zyam-\m\n kÀÆZm? tbm ssh\m-
hntµ-Xv. Xkvam-Z-t]y-XÀtly ImIo Ima-b -tX, a-£nXw thZ tkm -f ¶a¯n {]Xo-tI\; k
Pmbm ta kym ZY-{]-Pm-tb-b, hn¯w ta kym, tZhm-\ -] nKÑXn; k DuÀÖ-ap-] -Po-h-Xn. CXn-
ZY-IÀ½-IpÀho.-tb-Xn. k bmhZt]y-tXjm ta tÇmImx
ssIIw \ {]m]vt\m-\ y-I rÕv\ Gh Xmh-· -
]nXmhv k]vXm-¶-§ sf ta[-sIm-­pw-þ-Ú m-\w-s Im-
\ytX Xtkym IrÕv\Xm; a\ Ghmkym -f -f
­pw, X]-Êp-sIm-­pw-þ-IÀ½w-sIm-­pw, P\n-¸n¨p F¶Xv
ßm; hmKvPmbm; {]mWx {]Pm; N£pÀ½m-\pjw
bpàw- X-s¶. Ahsb shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm³ t]mIp-¶p. Ah-
hn¯w; N£p jm ln X ZznµtX; t{im{Xw
bnÂþ B A¶-§-fn H¶ns\ Cu PK-¯n\p s]mXp-hm-
ssZhw; t{imt{XW ln XÑrtWmXn; Bssß-
bn-«p-Å-Xm-¡n. c­v A¶-§sf tZh-·msc `Pn-¸n-¨p. tZh-
hm-ky-IÀ½; Bß-\m-ln-IÀ½ItcmXn; k Gj
·mÀ¡p \ÂIn. aq¶v A¶- §sf X\n-bv¡mbn Iev]n-¨p.
]m¦vtXm-bÚx ]m¦vXx ]ipx ]m¦vXx ]pcpjx
Hcp A¶s¯ ]ip-¡Ä¡mbn \ÂIn. AXnÂþ B ]ip-
]m¦vXanZw kÀhw bZnZw InwNx XZnZw kÀh-
¡Ä¡mbn \ÂInb A¶-¯nÂ, {]mW\w sN¿p-¶-Xpw,
am]vt\mXn, b Ghw thZ.
{]mW- tN- ã-tbmSp IqSm- ¯Xpw FÃmw {]Xn-jvTn-X- am-bn-cn-¡p-
BZyw, Zmc-kw-_-Ô- ¯n\p ap¼v CXv Bßmhp am{Xw ¶p. Ft¸mgpw AZn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ B A¶-§Ä F´p-sIm-
Bbn-cp-¶p, Ah³ GI³ am{X-am-bn-cp-¶p. B Bßmhv ­mWv £bn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶Xv? BcmtWm Cu A£- b-¯n-
Iman¨p:þ ""F\n¡v Pmb-bp-­m-I-Ww, ]ns¶ F\n¡p {]P- \pÅ Imc-Ws¯ Adn-b p-¶ -X v, Ah³ {]m[m-t\y\
\n-¡ Ww; ]ns¶ F\n¡p hn¯-ap-­ m-I -Ww, ]ns¶ A¶s¯ AZn-¡p-¶p, Ah³ tZh-·msc A]n-K-an-¡p-¶p-
F\n¡p IÀ½w sN¿Ww'' F¶v Imaw C{Xbpta DÅq. þ- tZ-hm-ß- `m-hs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Ah³ DuÀÖ-s¯-þ- A-
CÃ, CÑn-¨m-epw, CXn-t\-¡mÄ IqSp-X-embn e`n-¡p-I-bn-Ã. ar-X- s¯- þ-D-]-Po-hn-¡p-¶p. F¶v tÇmI-§Ä-þ-a-{´- §Ä-þ-]-d-
AXp-sIm­v B hnZzm\pw Iman-bp-amb Bßmhp ap¼p bp-¶p.
Iman-¨-Xp-s Im­v C¡m-e¯pw GIm-In-bm-bn-«p-Å-h³
56. D]þ ""bXv k]v X m- ¶ m- \ n- t a- [ bm X]km -f
"F\n¡p Pmb-bp-­m-IWw; ]ns¶ F\n¡p {]P-\n-¡Ww;
P\bXv ]ntX'' Xnþ-ta-[ bm ln X]km f- P\-
]ns¶ F\n¡p hn¯-ap-­m-IWw; ]ns¶ F\n¡p IÀ½w
bXv ]nXm. ""GI-aky km[m-cW anXn CZta
sN¿-Ww.' F¶v Iman-¡p-¶p. Ah³ FXp-hsc Ch-bnÂ,
hmky XXv km[m-c-W-a-¶w bZn-Z-a-ZytX; k f-
taÂ]-dª Pmbm-Zn-I-fnÂ, Hmtcm-¶n-s\-t¸mepw {]m]n-¡m-
b GX-Zp-] mkv tX \ k ]m]va t\m hymhÀ
Xn- cn-¡p- ¶pthm AXp-hsc Xm³ AIr-Õv\-\m-sW¶v hnNm-
N P
 289
I ¯tX; an{kw tlyXXv ""tZztZ-hm-\-`m-Pb'' ZnXn-
þ-lpXw N {]lpXw N. XkvamZv tZtht`ym Pq
lzXn N {]NPq lzXn. AtYm BlqÀZÀi
]qÀ®- a mkm hnXn. Xkv a m- t ¶- ã n- b m- P qIw
kymXv. ""]ip`y GIw {]mbÑ'' ZnXn-þX - Xv ]bx.
Xtbm tly amt{K a\p-jymÝ ]i-h-tÝm-]P - o-
h´n; XkvamXv Ipam-cw-PmXw JrXw sshhmt{K
{]Xn-telb´n; kvX \w hm - f \p[m-] -b -´ n.
AY-hÕw PmXamlpc XrWmZ CXn. ""Xkvan³
kÀÆw {]Xn-jvTnXw b¨ {]mWnXn b¨t\'' Xnþ-
]-bkn lZw kÀhw {]Xn-jvTnXw b¨ {]mWnXn
b¨ \. XZyZnZamlpx kwh-Õcw ]bkm Pqlz-
Z] ]p\À½rXypw Pb-Xo-Xn, \ XYm h ZymXv;
bZ-l-tc-hÖq tlmXn, XZlx ]p\À½r-Xyp-a-]-
P-b-tXyhw hnZzm³; kÀÆw ln tZtht`ym -f
¶mZyw {]b-ÑX - n. ""IkvamXv Xm\n \£o-bt´ -
f Zyam- \ m\ n k À tÆtZ X n ] pc ptj m hm
A£nXnx klo-Z-a¶w [nbm [nbm P\-btX
IÀ½n`nxN bss²-X¶ IcymXv £otbX l
""tkm - f a¶ ¯ n {] X otIt\ '' X nþ - a pJ w
{]XoIw; aptJ-t\-tXy-XXv ""ktZhm-\-]n-K-ÑXn;
k DuÀP-ap-]-Po-hXn Xn {]iw-km.
bÕ-]vXm. ]nXm. F¶p a{´-¯n ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶-
Xns\ hymJym-\n-¡p¶p:þ ]nXmhv ta[-sIm­pw X]-Êp-
sIm­pw BWtÃm P\n-¸n-¨-Xv. ""GI-a-ky-km-[m-cWw''
F¶-Xnsâ AÀ°w ]d-bp¶p:þ GXmtWm Cu AZn-¡-
s¸-Sp-¶-Xv, CXp-X-s¶- bm-Wv, Cu PK-¯n\v s]mXp-hmb B
A¶w. BcmtWm Cu s]mXp-hmb A¶s¯ D]m-kn-¡p-
¶Xv Ah³ ]m]vam-hnÂ\n¶v \nhÀ¯n-¡-bn-Ã. Fs´-
¶m Cu A¶w an{i-amIp¶pþ Ahn-`-à-am-Ip-¶p. tZz tZ
hm\-`m-P-bX F¶-Xn ]dª c­v A¶-§Ä lpXhpw
{]lp-X-hp- am-Ip- ¶p. AXn- \m tZh- ·mÀ¡mbn tlman- ¡bpw
{]tlm-an-¡bpw sN¿p-¶p. ]ns¶ tZh-·mÀ¡p sImSp¯
A¶- §Ä ZÀi-]qÀ®am-k-§-fm-sW¶v NneÀ ]d-bp-¶p.
AXn- \m Imay- §- fmb Cãn-I-sf-s¡m­p bPn- ¡p¶ ioe-
ap-Å-h\ - mbn Ccn-¡-cp-Xv. ]ip-¡Ä¡mbn Hcp A¶s¯
\ÂIn F¶p ]d-ªp-htÃm: AXp ]b-Êm-Ip-¶p. Fs´-
¶mÂ, a\p-jycpw ]ip-¡fpw BZyw ]b-Ên-s\-¯s¶ D]-
Po- h n- ¡ p- ¶ p. AXn- \ m , P\n¨ Ipam- c s\ BZyw
LrXs¯¯s¶ {]Xn-te-l\w sN¿n-¡ bpw ]n¶oSp
kvX\s¯ ]m\w sN¿n-¡bpw sN¿p-¶p. ]ns¶ P\n¨
hÕsâ {]mb-s¯-¸än ]pÃp Xn¶pXpS-§m-¯-sX¶v ]d-bp-
¶p, ""bkvan³ kÀhw.... b¨\'' F¶ a{´-]-Z-¯nsâ
hymJym-\ wþ-G -X mtWm {]mW\w sN¿p-¶ Xv AXpw
GXmtWm {]mW\w sN¿m-¯Xv AXpw CsXÃmw ]b-Ên-
em-WtÃm {]Xn-jT v n-X- am-bn-cn¡p¶Xv. AXn-\m ""Hcp kwh-
Õcw ]b- Êp- sIm­v tlman-¨p- sIm-­n-cp-¶mÂ, ]p\Àar- Xyp-
hns\ Pbn-¡p-¶p.'' F¶n-§s\ ]d-bp-¶-Xns\ A{]-Imcw
[cn¡cp-Xv. ]ns¶-tbm, GXp Znh-k-¯n-emtWm tlman-¡p-
N P
¶Xv B Znh-kw-Xs¶ C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-¶-h³ ]p\Àar- K
Xyp-hns\ Pbn-¡p-¶p. Fs´-¶m tZh-·mÀ¡mbn FÃm
A¶m-Zy-t¯bpw A§s\ tlman-¡p-¶-h³ \ÂIp-¶p.
Ft¸mgpw AZn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ B A¶-§Ä £bn-¡m-¯Xv
F´p- sIm- ­m-sW¶p tNmZn- ¨-Xn- \p-¯cw ]d- bp¶p:þ A¶w
£bn-¡m-¯-Xn\p ImcWw ]pcp-j-\m-Ip-¶p. Fs´- ¶mÂ
Ah-\mWv Cu A¶s¯ ho­pw ho­pw P\n-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv.
""tbm ssh\m-a-£nX thZ'' F¶p ]d-ª-Xn A£n-Xn-þ-
A¶w £bn-¡m- ¯-Xn\p ImcWw ]pcp-j-\m-Ip-¶p. Fs´-
¶m Ah-\mWv Cu A¶s¯ At¸m-g- t¸mÄ D­m-Ip¶
{]Ú-sIm­pw IÀ½-§-sf-s¡m­pw P\n-¸n- ¡p-¶- Xv. CXn-
s\- þCu At¶m-ev]m- Z-\s¯ Ah³ sN¿m-Xn- cn-¡p- ¶- ]£w
A¶w £bn-¡pw. ""tkm f- ¶a-¯n-{]-Xn-tI\'' F¶p ]d-
ª- Xn {]XoIsa¶Xv apJ-am-Ip- ¶p. {]Xo- IwsIm­v F¶-
Xnsâ AÀ°w apJw-sIm­v F¶m-Wv. Ah³ tZh-·msc
A]n-K- an-¡p-sa¶pw Ah³ Aar-Xs¯ D]-Po-hn-¡p-sa¶pw
]d-ªXv {]iw-k-bm-Ip-¶p.
57. D]þ ""{XoWym-ßt\ -f IcptX'' Xn, at\m, hmNw,
{]mWw, Xm\ym-ß t\ - f Icp- X . A\y{Xa\m
A`q-h w. \ml-a- ZÀiw; A\y- {X-a\m A`q-h w,
\ml- a - { iu- j - a n- X n. a\km tlyh ]iyXn;
a\ k m i r tW m- X n. Imax, k ¦ - e vt] m,
hnNnInÕm, {i²m -f {i²m, [rXn, c[r-Xn, ldo
À²o, `ocn-tXy-XXv kÀhw a\ Gh. XkvamZ]n
]rjvTX D]-k v] rtãm a\km hnPm\mXn bx
IÝ i_vtZm-hm-tKh km. Gj ly´-amb¯m;
Gjm lnX, {]mtWm -f ]mt\m, hym\, DZm\x,
kamt\m f- \ CtXy-XXv kÀhw {]mW Gh.
GX-·tbm hm Ab-am-ß m, hmMva tbm, at\m-
abx {]mW-abx
""{XoWym-ßt\ f- IcpX'' F¶-XnÂ, aq¶-¶-§ sf
Bßm-hn-\mbn Iev]n¨p F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv a\-Ên-t\-bpw,
hm¡n-\-bpw, {]mW-t\-bp-am-Ip-¶p. Ah-sb-þB at\m-hmIv
{]mW-§- sf-þ-B-ßm-hn-\mbn ]nXmhp Iev]n-¨p. Rm³ asäm-
¶n {]th-in¨ a\-tÊm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\m-bn-cp-¶p: ""Rm³
I­nÃ'' F¶p ]d-bm-dp-­v. a\-Êp-sIm-­p-X-s¶-bmWv
ImWp-¶Xv: a\-Êp-sIm-­mWv tIÄ¡p-¶-Xv. Imaw-þ-kv{Xo-
kw-kÀ¤-¯n-\pÅ A`n-em-jw, k¦-e] v w-þ-A-dn-hnÂs]-Sp¶
hnj-b-§sf ip¢-\o-em-Zn-t`-tZ\ hnI-ev]n-¡, hnNn-In-Õ-þ-
kw-i-b-cq-]-amb Úm\w, {i²-þ-A-Zr-ã-{]-tbm-P-\-§-fmb
IÀ½-§-fn-epw, tZh-Xm-Zn-I-fn-ep-apÅ BkvXn-Iy-_p-²n-þ-A-
{i-²-þ-{i-²bv¡p hn]- co- X-amb _p²n, [rXw-þ-[m-c-W-þ- i-cocw
apX-em-bXv Xf-cp-t¼mÄ Xm§n-\nÀ¯p-I, [rXn-bn-Ãmbva
lvdoþ-e-Ö, [oþ-{]-Ú, `oþ- `-bw, F¶n-§s\ DÅ-sXÃmw
a\-Êp-X-s¶-þ-a -\-Ênsâ cq]-t`-Z-§ ÄX-s ¶. AXn-\ mÂ
]n³h-i¯v kv]Àin-¡-s¸-«-h-\m-bn- cp- ¶mepw a\-Êp-sIm­v
Adn-bp-¶p. GXp i_vZ-am-bn-cp-¶mepw AXp hm¡p-X-s¶.
Cu hm¡v A´-s¯-þ-AÀ°-\nÀ®-bs¯ Bb-¯-bm-bn-
cn- ¡p-¶p- þ-A-\p-K-an-¡p-¶- Xm-bn- cn-¡p- ¶p. Cu hm¡v asäm- ¶n-
 290

I \m {]Im-in-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-X-Ã. {]mW³, A]m-\³, hym\³, ¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xm-Ip-¶p. a\Êv B Adn-bp-hm-\n-Ñn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ K

DZm-\³, kam-\³, A\³ F¶n-sXÃmw {]mW³X-s¶. Cu
Bßm-hv-þ-A-hn-th-In-IÄ Bßm-sh-¶-`n-am-\n¡p-¶, Imcy-
I-c-W-k-MvLm-X-cq-]-amb Cu ]nÞw Ch-bpsS B[n-Iy-
ap-ÅX- m-Ip-¶p. hmMva-bhpw at\m-a-bhpw {]mW-a-b-hp-am-
Ip-¶XmWv.
58. D]þ {Xtbm temIm X Gh. hmtK- h mbw
temtIm at\m-´-cn-£-temIx, {]mtWm f- sku
temIx
aq¶p temI-§Ä-þ-`qÀ, `qh³ kzÀ F¶o aq¶p temI-
§Ä Ch-X-s¶-þCu hmMva\x {]mW-§Äþ Xs¶. Cu
temIw hm¡p-X -s ¶bmIp¶p. Cu temIw hm¡p-X -
s¶bmWv. a\Êv A´-co-£-tem-I-am-Ip-¶XmWv. {]mW³
At§-tem-I-am-Ip-¶XmWv.
59. D]þ {Xtbm-thZm GX Gh; hmtK-hÀtKztZm,
at\m bPqÀthZx, {]mWx kma-thZx
aq¶p thZ-§Ä Cu hmMva\x {]mW- §ÄX-s¶. hm¡p-
Xs¶ EtKz-Zw. a\Êv bPqÀth-Z-am-Ip-¶p. {]mW³ kma-
th-Z-am-Ip-¶p.
60. D]-þ-tZhmx, ]nX-tcm, a\pjym GX Gh, hmtKh
tZh, \x ]nXcx {]mtWm a\pjymx
tZh-·mcpw ]nXr-¡fpw a\p-jycpw Cu hmMva\x {]mW-
§Ä Xs¶. hm¡p-Xs¶ tZh-·mÀ. a\Êp ]nXr-¡-fm-Ip-
¶p. {]mW³ a\p-jy-\m-Ip-¶p.
61. D]þ ]nXm, amXm, {]ssPX Gh: a\ Gh ]nXm,
hmMvam-X m, {]mWx{]Pm
]nXmhpw amXmhpw {]Pbpw Cu hmMva\x {]mW-§ÄX-
s¶. a\-Êp-Xs¶ ]nXm-hv. hm¡p amXm-hm-Ip-¶p. {]mW³
{]P-bm-Ip-¶p.
62. D]þ hnÚm- \ w, hnPn-Ú m-k y, ahn-Ú mX
taX Gh; bXv Inw N hnÚmXw hmN-kvX{Zq
]w; hmKvL n-hn-Úm-X m, hmtK\w XZv` qXzm -f
h-X n.
Adn-bs - ¸-Sp-¶-Xpw, Adn-bp-hm-\n-Ñn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xpw Adn-
b- s¸- Sm-¯-Xpw, Ch- X-s¶þ Cu at\m- hm- I{v ]m- W-§ÄX-s¶.
GsX-Ã m-am-tWm, Adn-b-s¸-«-Xm-bn-c n-¡p-¶Xv AsXÃmw
hm¡nsâ cq]-am-Ip-¶p. Fs´-¶m hm¡v Adn-b-s¸-«-Xm-
Ip-¶p. hm¡v B Adn-b-s¸« hkvXp-hm-bn-¯oÀ¶v, Ch-s\-
þCu hmKzn-`q-Xnsb Adn-bp-¶-hs\ c£n-¡p-¶p.
hkvXp-hm-bn-¯oÀ¶v B at\m-hn-`q-Xnsb Adn-bp-¶-hs\
c£n-¡p-¶p.
64. D]þ bXv InwNm hnÚmXw {]mWky X{Zq]w;
{]mtWmly hnÚmXx: {]mW G\w XXv `qXm
-f hXn.
GsX-Ãm-amtWm Adn-b-s¸-Sm-¯-Xm-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv Ah
{]mWsâ cq]-am-Ip-¶p. Fs´- ¶m {]mW³ Adn-b-s¸-Sm-
¯-Xm-Ip-¶p. {]mW³ B Ahn-Úm-X-am-bn-¯oÀ¶v Ch-
s\, Cu {]mW-hn-`q-Xnsb Adn-bp-¶-h-s\, c£n-¡p-¶p.
65. D ] þ X s s k y hmN x ] r Y nho i c o- c w ,
tPymXoc q] - a - b - a ánx; XZym- h - t X yh hmIv
XmhXo ]rYnho; Xmhm \b-aánx.
B hm¡n\v icocw ]rYn-hn-bm- Ip- ¶p. {]Im-im-ß-I-amb
ImcWw ]mÀ°n-h-amb Aán-bm-Ip-¶p. AXn hm¡v
F{X-t¯m-f-apt­m ]rYn-hnbpw A{X-t¯mfw Xs¶- bp-­v.
Cu ]mÀ°n- hm-ánbpw A{X- t¯m-f-ap-­v.
66. D]-þA - -ssY-Xky a\tkm Zyu; icocw; tPymXo
cq- ] - a -k m-h m- Z nXpx XZym- h -t Zh a\- k v X m- h Xo
Zyux; Xmam-\ -k m-h m-ZnXyx Xu anYp\w kssa
Xmw; XXx{]mtWm -f Pm bX: k C{µx; k
Gtjm -f k]Xv\x; ZznXo tbm ssh k]Xvt\
`h-Xn. \mky-k-]Xvt\m `hXn b Ghw thZ.
]ns¶ Cu a\-Ênsâ icocw tZymhm-Ip-¶p. {]Im-im-
ß- I-amb IcWw B BZn-Xy-\m-Ip-¶p. AXn a\Êv F{X-
t¯m-f-ap-t­m, tZymhpw A{X-t¯m-fw-X-s¶-bp-­v. B
BZnXy\pw A{Xt¯mf-ap-­v. Ah-þ-A-áym-Zn-Xy- ·m-cm-Ip¶
hm¡pw a\Êpw anYp-\-s¯- þ-]-c-k] v -c-kw-kÀ¤s¯ {]m]n-
¨p. AXnÂ\n¶v {]mW³ D­m-bn. Ah³-þ-B {]mW³þ
C{µ-\m-Ip-¶p, ]c-ta-iz-c-\m-Ip-¶p. Ch³ Ak-]-Xv\-am-Ip-
¶p-þ-F-Xn-cmbn Bcpw CÃm-¯-h³ BIp-¶p. k]-Xv\³
c­m-a-sXm-cp-¯-\m-W-tÃm. BcmtWm C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-
¶Xv Ch¶v k]-Xv\³-þ- F- Xn-cmfn D­m-I-bn-Ã.
67. D]þ AssY- X ky {]mWkym -f f ]x icocw;
tPymXo cq]a ku N{µx; XZym-am-t\-h-{]mW
kvXmhXy B]x; Xmhm\ ku N{µx; X GtX
kÀÆ Gh kamx; kÀtÆ -f \´mx. k tbm
s s l X m- \ ´ hX D ] mk vtX - f ´ h´ w
ktemIw Pb-X n. AY tbm sslXm-\ -´ - \ p-
]mkvtX -f \´w ktemIw Pb-Xn.

63. D]þ bXv InwN hnPn-Úmkyw a\-k -k vX {Zq ]ns¶, Cu {]Ir-X-amb {]mPm-]X - y-¶-amb {]mW\v
]w at\mln hnPn-Úmkyw; a\ G\w XZv`q icocw A¸p-I-fm-Ip-¶p. tZymXn-cq-]-amb IcWw B N{µ-
Xzm f- h-X n. \m-Ip-¶p. AXnÂ, {]mW³ F{X ]cn-am-W-ap-ÅX - m-Ip-
¶pthm A¸p-Ifpw A{Xbpw ]cn-am-W-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-bm-
GsX-Ãm-amtWm Adn-bp-hm³ CÑn-¡-s¸- Sp-¶Xv AXv a\- Ip-¶p. B N{µ\pw A{Xbpw ]cn-am-W-t¯mSp IqSn-b-Xm-
Ênsâ cq]-am-Ip-¶p. Fs´- ¶m a\Êv Adn-bp-hm³ CÑn- Ip-¶p. Ch FÃmw ka-§-fm-Ip-¶p. FÃmw A\-´-§-fm-

N P

I Ip-¶p. BcmtWm Chsb A´ap-Å-h-bmbn D]m-kn-¡p-
¶-Xv, Ah³ A´-apÅ temIs¯ Pbn-¡p-¶p. ]ns¶
BcmtWm Chsb A\-´- §-fmbn D]m-kn-¡p-¶-Xv, Ah³
A\-´-amb temIs¯ Pbn-¡p-¶p.
68. D]-þk Gj kwh-Õcx {]Pm-]Xnx tjmUi
Iex, Xky cm{Xb Gh ]©-Zi - -Iemx; {[pssh
hmky tjmU-i o-I em; k cm{Xn-`n-tchm f- f N
]qcytX f- ] N £ob-tX. tkm f- amhmkymw
cm{Xn taXbm tjmUiym Iebm kÀÆ-anZw
{]mW-` r-Z\p {]hniy XXx {]mXÀ PmbtXy
Xkvam tZXmw cm{Xnw {]mW-`rXx {]mWw \ hnÑn-
µym-Z]n IrIemk ssk Xkym Gh tZh-Xmbm
A]- N n-s sXy.
A§-s\bpÅ Cu {]Pm- ]Xn ]Xn-\mdp Ie- -tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb
kwh-Õ-c-am-Ip-¶p. Ahsâ ]Xn-\©p Ie-IÄ cm{Xn-IÄ
Xs¶ BIp-¶p. Cu kwh-Õ-cm-ß-I-\mb {]Pm]-Xn-bpsS
]Xn-\m-dm-as¯ Ie \nXy-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. Ah³ cm{Xn-I-
sf-s¡m­p Xs¶ B]qÀ®- \m-hp-Ibpw £bn-¨p-t]m- Ibpw
sN¿p-¶p. Ah³-þ-Im-em-ßm-hmb B {]Pm-]Xn Idp¯
hmhp-¶mÄ cm{Xnbn Cu {]mWn-h-I-Isf FÃmw A\p-
{]-th-in-¨n-«v, A\-´cw ASp¯ Znhkw cmhnse P\n-¡p-
¶p. AXn-\mÂ, Cu cm{Xn-bnÂ, Cu tkma-tZ- h-X- bp- sS-Xs¶
]qP-bv¡mbn {]mWn-bp-sS-þ- Hcp {]mWn-bp-sSbpw Hm´nsâ
t]mepw-þ-{]m-Ws\ hnt¨-Zn-¡-cp-Xv-þ-\-in-¸n-¡-cp-Xv.
69. D]-þtbm ssh k kwh-Õcx {]Pm-]Xnx tjm
U i - I te m - f btah k tbm - f bta hw
hnXv] pcpjx; Xky hn¯-tah ]©-Z-i -I emx
Bssß hmky- t jm- U io Iem; k hnt¯
ss\hm -ff N ]qcytX f- ] N £nb-tX. XtZ
X¶`yw bZ-b amßm; {][nÀÆn¯w; Xkvam-Zy- Ft¸m- gmtWm acn-¡p- hm³ t]mIp-¶-h-\mbn hnNm- cn-¡p- ¶Xv
Zy]n kÀÆ-Pym\nw Pob-X, Bß\m tN Öoh- At¸mÄ ]p{X-t\mSv ]d-bp-¶pþ ""\o {_Ò-amWv; \o bÚ-
Xn, {][n\m -f KmZn tXyhm -ff lpx
]Xn-\mdp Ie- I-tfm- Sp-Iq-Snb B kwh-Õ-c- am- Ip¶ {]Pm-
]Xn BcmtWm Ah³ Ch³X-s¶-bm-Wv, C{]-Imcw Adn-
bp¶ Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm Ah³, Ah¶v ]Xn-\©p Ie-
IÄ hn¯w-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. Ah¶v ]Xn-\m-dm-as¯ Ie
ico- cw Xs¶. Ah³ hn¯w-sIm-­p- Xs¶ B]qÀ®-\m-hp-
Ibpw £bn¨p t]mIbpw sN¿p-¶p. Cu ico-cs - a-¶Xp
GtXm CXv \m`n- bpsS Øm\- ¯p-Å-Xm-Ip- ¶p. tKm¡Ä apX-
em-bXp cY-N-{I-¯nsâ t\an-bpsS Øm\-¯p-ÅX - m-Wv.
AXn-\m FÃmw £bn-¨mepw, ico-cw-sIm­p Pohn-¡p¶
]£w ""_mly-amb ]cn-hmcw sImt­ £oWn-¨n-«pÅq''
F¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
70. D]-þA
- -Y, {Xtbm hmh temIm, a\pjy-temIx,
]nXr- t emIm tZh- t emIm CXn. tkm - f bw
a\pjy temIx ]p{X-s sW-h -P -t¿m, \mt\y\
IÀ½Wm; IÀ½Wm ]nXr-tem-Im, hnZy-bm-tZ-h-
N P
291
temIx tZhtemtIm ssh tem Im\mw t{ijvTx; K
Xkvam-ZznZymw {]iw-k´
- n.
a\p-jy-tem-Iw, ]nXr-tem-Iw, tZh-temIw F¶v temI-
§Ä aq¶p- X- s¶. Cu a\p- jy- temIw ]p{X- s\- s¡m-­p- Xs¶
Pbn- ¡-s¸-tS- ­- Xm-Ip- ¶p, þ km[n- ¡- s¸- tS-­- Xm- Ip-¶p. asäm-
¶p-sIm-­pw, AXm-bXp IÀ½w sImt­m hnZy-sIm-t­m,
Pbn-¡-s¸-Sm-hp-¶-X-Ã. ]nXr-temIw IÀ½w-sIm­p Pbn-¡-
s¸-tS-­- Xm-Ip-¶p. tZh-temIw hnZy-sIm­p Pbn-¡-s¸-tS-
­- Xm-W.v temI-§-fn h¨v t{ijvT- am-bn-«p-ÅXv tZh-tem-
I-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m hnZysb {]iw-kn-¡p-¶p.
71. D]- þ - A - Y mXx kw{]¯nx- þ bZm ss{]jy³
a\ ytX - f Y ] p{X - a ml þ X zw {_ Ò , X zw
bÚmkvXzw temI CXn. k ]p{Xx {]Xym-lm,
lw {_Òm, lw btÚm f- lw temI CXn
bssZz Inw Nm\qàw, Xky kÀÆky {_tÒ-
tXy-I-Xm. tb ssh tIN bÚm, kvtXjmw
kÀthjmw bÚ CtXy IXm; tb ssh tI
N temIm, kvtXjmw kÀthjmw temI-Ct- Xy-
IXm; GXm-hZzm CZw kÀhw; GX·m kÀhw
k¶-b-antXm f- `p\-P -Zn-Xn. XkvamXv ]p{X-a\p-
inãw temIy-amlpx; Xkvam-tZ\ a\p imk-Xn.
k b ssZhw hnZ-kvam-tÃm-ImXv ss{]XyssY-`n-
tch {]mssWx kl ]p{X-am-hn-i-Xn. AY bZy-
t\-\ -I nw-N n-Z-£v W bm -f IrXw `h-X n, Xkvam-
tZ\w kÀh-kvamXv ]pt{Xm-ap-© Xn; Xkva mXv
]pt{Xm \ma kx. ]pt{X-ssW-hm-kvan³ temI
{]XnXn-jvT-Xn, AssY\ tatX ssZhmx {]mWm
AarXm Bhn-i-´n.
CXn-\p-ta k{¼¯n F¶ IÀ½w ]d-bs - ¸-Sp-¶p.
amWv \o temI-amWv'' F¶v. B ]p{X³ D¯cw ]d-bp-¶pþ
""Rm³ {_Ò-am-Wv. Rm³ bÚ-amWvb Rm³ temI-am-
Wv'' F¶v. A[y-b\w Fs´-Ãm-amtWm AXn\v FÃm-
¯n\pw {_Ò-sa-¶pÅ ]Z-¯n GIXzw hnh-£n-¡-s¸-
«n-cn-¡p-¶p. bÚ-§Ä Fh-sb-Ãm-amtWm Ah-b-s¡-Ãm-
¯n\pw bÚ-sa-¶pÅ ]Z-¯n GIXzw hnh-£n-¡-s¸-
«n-cn-¡p-¶p. temI-§Ä Fh-sb-Ãm-amtWm Ah-bvs¡Ãmw
temIw F¶pÅ ]Z-¯n GIXzw hnh-£n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-
¶p. ""CsX-Ãmw-þ- Kr-l-س sNt¿-­-sXÃmw C{X-t¯mfw
am{Xta DÅq. Cu ]p{X³ CsX-Ãm-am-bn«v Fs¶ Cu temI-
¯n \n¶v ]men¡pw'' F¶mWv ]nXm-hnsâ A`n-{]m-bw.
AXn-\m A\p-im-kn-¡-s¸-«n-«pÅ ]p{Xs\ temIy-s\¶v
]d-bp-¶p. AXn-\m Chs\þ ]p{Xs\ A\p-im-kn-¡p-¶p.
C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-¶-þk - w-{]-¯nsb sNbvXn-«pÅ Ah³-þ-
]n-Xmhv Ft¸mÄ Cu temI-¯nÂ\n¶v Kan-¡p-¶p-thm, þ
acn-¡p-¶p-thm, At¸mÄ CtX-{]m-W- §-tem-Sp-Iq-sS-¯s¶
]p{Xs\ Bth-in-¡p-¶p. Ch-\m Fs´-¦nepw Hcp aqe-
 292

I bn DÅ Hcp sNdnb ]gp-tXm-f-sa-¦nepw AIr-X-am-bn-þ- ¯s¶ tNÀ¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah-s\-þ-{]-P-m-]-Xy-amb ]Z-¯n K

sN-¿-s¸-Sm-¯-Xmbn D­m-bn-cp-¶mÂ, AXn\m FÃm- hÀ¯n- ¡p¶ B {Xym¶m- ß-ZÀinsb ]pWyw am{Xta {]m]n-
¯nepw \n¶v Ch-s\-þCu ]nXm-hns\ B ]p{X³ tamNn-¸n- ¡-bpÅp; tZh-·msc ]m]w- þ-]m-]-^- ea
- mb ZpxJw {]m]n-¡-
¡p-¶p. AXn-\m BWv ]p{X³ F¶p t]cp-Å- h-\m-bn-cn- bn-Ã-X-s¶.
¡p-¶-Xv. Ah³ ]p{X-s\-s¡m­p Xs¶ Cu temI-¯nÂ
75. D]- þ -A -Y mtXm {hX- ao- amw-k m- þ -{ ]-P m-] -X nÀln
{]Xn-jvTsb {]m]n-¡p-¶p. A\-´- cw-þ- kw-{]-¯n-¡p-tijw
IÀ½mWn k krtP; Xm\n krãm-\yt\ymt\y
Cu ]nXm-hns\ ac-W-kz-`m-ha- n-Ãm¯, tZh-kw-_-Ôn-If - m-
\m - f kv] À² ´ . hZn- j ymtay hml- a nX n
b-þ-ln-c-Wy-KÀ`s\ kw_- Ôn-¨-þCu {]mW-§Ä Bth-in-
hmKvZt{[ ; {Z£ ymayÀ l - a nX n N £ px;
¡p-¶p.
t{imjymay lanXn t{im{Xw; Gh- a - \ ym\n
72. D]-þ -] r-Y nsshy ssN\-a- táÝ ssZho hmKm IÀ½mWn bYm-IÀ½ Xm\n arXypx {itam `qtXzm-
hni-Xn. km ssh ssZho-hm-Kv, bbm bZy-tZh ]-tbta; Xm\ym]vt\mXv; Xm\ym]vXzm arXyp-hm-
hZ-Xn, XXv XXv `h-Xn. cp- Ô . Xkv a m- Ñ v d may tXyh- h mIv ; {ima- y Xn
N£px; {imayXn t{im{Xw. AtY-a-tah \m -f-f
]rYn-hn-bn \n¶pw Aán-bnÂ\n¶pw ssZhn-bmb
]v t \m, tZym - f bw a[ yax {] mWx. Xm\n
hm¡v Ch-s\-þ-kpw{]-¯nsb sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶-h-s\-þ- B-th-
ÚmXpw c{[n-tc. Abw ssh \x t{i, jvtTm,
in-¡p-¶p. GXp hm¡p-sIm­v ]d-bp-¶-sXÃmw A§-s\-
bx k©-cw-Ýmk©cwÝm \ hyY tX f- tYm
Xs¶ `hn-¡p-¶pthm B hm¡mWv ssZhn-bm-bn-«p-Å-Xv.
\cn-j y-X n. l´m-s skyh kÀtÆ-c q-] -a- ` -h ³.
73. D]þ Znh-ssÝ-\ -am-Zn-X ym¨ ssZhw a\ Bhn Xkvam-tZX GtX\m f- -f Jymbt´ {]mWm CXn.
iXn; XssZz ssZhw at\m, tb\m f- f \tµyh tX\ l hmh XÂ Ipem-am-N-£-tX, bkvan³
`h-XytYm \ timN-Xn. Ipte- `-hXn b Ghw thZ. b D sslhw hnZm
tZymhnÂ\n¶pw BZn-Xy-\nÂ\n¶pw ssZh-amb a\Êv kv]À²tX f- \p ipjyXn; A\p-ipjy sslh
Ahs\ Bth-in-¡p-¶p. GXp a\-Êp-sIm- ­mtWm B\-µ- -f ´tXm-{an-b-tX. CXy-[ym-ßw.
ap-Åh
- ³Xs¶ Bbn-cn-¡p-Ibpw timNn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡bpw A\-´cw {hX-ao-amwk ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p-þ-{]-Pm-]-Xn, {]P-
sN¿p-¶Xp AXp-X-s¶-bmWv ssZh-amb a\-Ê.v I-f psS {kãmhv IÀ½- § - s fþ-h m- K m- Zn- I - f mb IÀ½-
74. D]þ AZv`y-ssÝ\w N{µ-a-kÝ ssZhx {]mW §Ä¡pÅ Ic-W-§-sf-þ-kr-ãn-¨p. krãn-¡-s¸« Ah
Bhn-i-Xn. k sshssZhx {]mtWm, bx k©cw X¶n kv]À²n-¨p-þ-a-Õ-cn-¨p. ""Rm³ hZn-¡p-I-Xs¶
Ýmk-©cw Ý \ hyYtX -f tYm \ cnjy-Xn. sN¿pw'' F¶v hm¡v {hXw ]nSn-¨p. ""Rm³ ZÀin¡pw''
k Ghw-hnXv kÀthjmw `qXm-\m-amßm `hXn; F¶p N£pÊp hmin ]nSn-¨p. ""Rm³ {ihn¡pw'' F¶p
b Ghw-hnXv kÀthjmw `qXm-\m-amßm `hXn; t{im{Xw {hXw [cn-¨p. C§s\ aäp IÀ½- §fpw AXm- Xnsâ
b ss Y j m tZh- s s X hw k x. bs s YX mw IÀ½-¯n-\-\p-k-cn¨p {hXw ]nSn-¨p. Ahsb arXyp {ia-am-
tZhX mw k À hmW n ` qX m- \ y- h - t ´ yhw bn-¯oÀ¶p D]-b-an-¨p, kw{K-ln-¨p. B hmKm-Zn-Isf arXyp
sslhwhnZw kÀhmWn `qXm-\y-h-´n. bZp-Inw- {]m]n-¨p. Ahsb {]m]n-¨n«v arXyp Ah-tcm-[n-¨p. Ahsb
tNamx {]Pmx timN- ´ y- s sahm -f f kmw XZv kz IÀ½-§-fn \n¶p sXän-¨p. AXn-\mÂ, hm¡v Xf-cp-I-
`hXn ]pWytahmapw KÑ-Xn. \ l ssh tZhm³ Xs¶ sN¿p- ¶ p- þ kz IÀ½- § - f nÂ\n¶p sXäp¶p.
]m]w KÑ-Xn. N£pÊpw Xf-cp-¶p. t{im{Xhpw {im´-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
F¶mÂ, Cu a[y-a-\mb {]mW³ GtXm Chs\ am{Xw
A¸p-I-fnÂ\n¶pw N{µ-a-\ -ÊnÂ\n¶pw ssZh-amb arXyp {]m]n-¨n-Ã. B hmKm-Zn-I-fmb aäp Ic-W-§Ä Adn-
{]mW³ Chs\ Bth- in- ¡p- ¶p. GXp {]mW- \mtWm k©- bp-¶ -Xn-\v-þ-apJy {]mWs\ Adn-bp-¶-Xn\v a\-Êp-h -¨p.
cn-¡p-¶- Xm- bmepw k©-cn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xm-bmepw hyYn-¡m- ""BcmtWm k©-cn-¡p-¶-h\ - m-bmepw k©-cn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-
Xn-cn-¡bpw hn\m-is¯ {]m]n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡bpw sN¿p-¶-Xv, ¶-h-\m-bmepw hyYn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw \in-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-
AXmWv ssZh- amb {]mW³. B {Xym¶m-ß- ZÀi- \s¯ Adn- Ibpw sN¿p-¶-Xv, A§-s\-bpÅ Cu apJy {]mW³ Xs¶-
bp-h-¶-h³ FÃm `qX-§-fp-sSbpw Bßm-hm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. bmWv \½-fpsS Iq«-¯n t{ijvT³. Ct¸mÄ \½Ä
Cu lnc-Wy-KÀ`-tZ-h X GXp-{]-Im-c -tam, Ah-\ pw-þB Chsâ cq]w Xs¶ Bbn-¯o-c-Ww.'' C§s\ \nÝ-bn-«n-
{Xym¶m-ß -ZÀi-\ -th-Zn-b pw-þ -C -{]-ImcwXs¶. F{]-I m-c- ¨v, AhÀ FÃmw, hmKm-Zn-IÄ FÃmw Cu apJy-{]m-Wsâ
amtWm Cu lnc- Wy- KÀ`- tZ-h-Xsb FÃm `qX- §epw Ah\w Xs¶ cq]w Bbn-¯oÀ¶p. AXn-\mÂ, Cu hmKm- Zn-IÄ Cu
sN¿p-¶-Xv-þ -]m-en-¡p-¶-X v-þ-]q-Pn-¡p-¶-Xv, C{]-Imcw Cu {]mW-s\-sIm-­v, {]mW-§Ä F¶v A`n-[m\w sN¿-s¸-Sp-
{Xym¶m-ß-ZÀis¯ Adn-bp-¶-h-t\bpw FÃm `qX-§fpw ¶p. BcmtWm C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-¶-Xv, Ah³, B hnZzm³,
]qPn-¡p-¶p. Cu {]P-IÄ F´n-s\-¸-än-bmtWm timNn-¡p- GXp Ipe-¯n P\n-¨n-cn- ¡p-¶pthm B Ipes¯ Ahs\
¶-Xp, AXv-þ-tim-Im-Zn-\n-an-¯-amb ZpxJw Ch-cpsS IqsS- sIm­p-Xs¶ Bfp-IÄ ]d-bp-¶p. BcmtWm C{]-Imcw

N P
 293

I Adn-bp-¶-h-t\mSv kv]À²n-¡p-¶Xv Ah³ timjs¯ {]m]n- áym-Zn-Ifpw hmKm-Zn-Ifpw A¡m-e¯v GXv hmbp-{h-X- K
¡p-¶p. A\p-tim-jn-¨n-«p- Xs¶ HSp- hn acn-¡p-¶p. C§s\ t¯bpw {]mW-{h-X-t¯-bp-amtWm [cn-¨Xv CXn-s\-¯s¶
B[ym-ß- amb {]mWm-ß- ZÀi\w ]d-b-s¸-«p. Ct¸mgpw sN¿p-¶p. AXn-\m Hcp {hX-s¯- ¯s¶ A\p-
jvTn-¡- Ww. {]mWn-¡- bpw- þ-{]m-W- \-hym-]m-cs¯ sNbvI-bpw-
76. D]-þ - A -Y m\n ssZh-X w-þ - P z- e njym tayhm-l an
þ-A-]m- \n-¡bpw sN¿Ww. ""]m]vam-hmb arXyp Fs¶ {]m]n-
XyánÀZt{[; \]vkym-ay-l-an-Xym-Zn-tXym, `mkym
¡-cptX!'' F¶p `b-s¸«v B Hcp {hX-s¯-¯-s¶, {]mW-
ayl-anXn N{µamx Gh-a\ym tZhXm bYmssZ
{h-Xs¯ Xs¶ A\p-jT v n-¡-Ww. A\p-jT v n-¨p-Xp-S-§p-I-bm-
hXw. k bssYjmw {]mWm\mw a[yax {]W,
sW-¦n kam-]n-¡p-hm³ CÑn-¡-Ww. B {hXm-\p-jvTm-\w-
Gh-taXm \mw tZh-Xm\mw hmbpx. t¾mN´n
sIm-­v, Cu tZh-X-bp-sS-þCu {]mW-tZ-h-X-bpsS kmbq-Py-
ly\ym tZh-X m, \ hmbpx sskjm -f \kvX -
t¯-t bm-þ- G-Im-ß-`m- ht- ¯-t bm, kam-\-tem-IX - z-t¯tbm
anXm tZhXm bZzmbpx,
{]m]n-¡p-¶p.
A\-´cw tZh-Xm-hn-j- b-amb ZÀi\w ]d- bp¶p:- ""Rm³
Pzen-¨p-sIm-­p-Xs¶ Ccn¡pw'' F¶v, Aán {hXw ]nSn- Bdmw {_mÒ- W w
¨p. ""Rm³ X]n¡pw'' F¶p BZn-Xy-\pw, ""Rm³ {]Im-
79. D] {Xbw hm CZw, \ma, cq]w, IÀ½; tXjmw
in¡pw'' F¶p N{µ\pw {]Imcw AXmXp tZh-X-IÄ¡p
\mav\ mw hmKntXy-X -t Z-j m-apIvY w; AtXmln
X¡-h®w hnZyp¯p apX-emb aäp tZh-X-Ifpw hmin-]n-Sn-
kÀhmWn \mam-\yp-¯n-jvT´n; GX-tZ-jmw-kma;
¨p. Cu hmKm-Zn-If - mb {]mW-§-fpsS Iq«-¯n B a[y-a-
GX- ² n- k ÀsshÀ¶m- a `nx kaw; GX- t Zjmw
\mb {]mW³ F{]-Im-ctam C{]-Im-c-am-Wv, Cu AáymZn
{_Ò; GX²n kÀhmWn \mam\n _n`À¯n.
tZh-X-I-fpsS Iq«-¯n hmbp Fs´-¶m aäp-tZ-hI - Ä
AkvXs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. hmbp AkvXs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶n- CsXÃmw \maw, cq]w, IÀ½w F¶v aq¶p-X-s¶. Ah-
Ã. hmbp F¶-tXtXm B tZhX AkvX-an-¡m-¯-Xm-Ip-¶p. bn Cu \ma-hn-ti-j-§Ä¡v hm¡v F¶pÅ i_vZ-km-am-
\y-amWv D]m-Zm-\-Im-c-Ww. CXn \n¶m-WtÃm FÃm \ma-
77. D]þ AssYj tÇmtIm `h-Xnþ
§fpw D°m\w sN¿p-¶-Xvþ D­m-Ip-¶-Xv. CXv Cu hm¡v
C\n Cu tÇmIw D­v. F¶p-ÅXv Cu \ma-hn-ti-j-§-fpsS kma-am-Ip-¶p-þ- km-am-
tÇmþ bX-tÝm-tZXn kqcyx AkvXw b{X \y-am-Ip-¶p. Cu i_vZ-km-am-\yw FÃm \ma-§-tfmSpw ka-
N KÑXn am-Ip-¶p. Cu i_vZ-km-am\yw Cu \ma-hn-ti-j-§-fpsS
Xw tZhm-Ý-{Intc [À½w; k {_Ò- am- Ip- ¶pþ Bßm- hm- Ip-¶p. Fs´- ¶m CXv FÃm \ma-
GhmZy k D izx CXn. §-tfbpw `cn-¡p-¶p.
bmsXmcp hmbp-hnÂ\n¶p {]mW-\nÂ\n¶v kqcy³ 80. D]þ AY cq]m-W mw- þ - N - £ p- c n- tXy-X -t Z-j map
N£pÊv DZn-¡bpw bmsXmcp hmbn-hnÂ, {]mW-\nÂ, IvYw; AtXmln kÀhmWncq]m-Wyp-¯n-jvT-´n.
AkvXs¯ {]m]n-¡bpw sN¿p-¶pthm B [À½- s¯þ B GX- tZjmw kma; GX²n kÀssh cqss]x
hmbp-{h-X-s¯, {]mW-{h-X-s¯, tZh-·mÀþ Aáym-Zn-IÄ, kaw; GX-t Zjmw {_Ò; GX²n kÀhmWn
hmKm-Zn-IÄþ sNbvXp. B [À½w-Xs¶ C¶pw tZh- ·m-cm cq]mWn _n`À¯n.
A\p- hÀ¯n- ¡- s¸- Sp-¶p. AXp- Xs¶ \msfbpw A\p-hÀ¯n- C\n cq] hnti-j- §Ä¡p cq]-km-am-\y- ¯n A´À`m-
¡-s¸-Spw. hs¯ ]d-bp¶p:þ Cu cq]-§Ä¡p N£p-sÊ-¶pÅ cq]-
78. D]þ ""bX-tÝm-tZXn kqtcym -f kvXw b{X N km-am-\y-amWv D]m-Zm-\-Im-c-Ww. Fs´-¶mÂ, CXnÂ\n-
KÑ Xn'' CXn. {]mWmZzm Gj DtZ-Xn; {]mtW - ¶mWv FÃm cq]-§epw D­m-Ip-¶-Xv. CXv Cu cq]-km-
f kv X taXn. Xw tZhm- Ý - { Intc [À½w k am\yw Cu cq]-hn-ti-j-§fpsS kma- am-Ip- ¶p. Fs´-¶mÂ
GhmZy k D izx. CXn bZzm GtX -f apÀly- CXv FÃm cq]-§-tfmSpw ka-am-Ip-¶p. Cu cq]-km-am\yw
{[o-b-´, XtZhm-]yZy IpÀh-´n. Xkvam-tZ-I-tah Cu cq]-hn-ti-j-§-fpsS {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p-þ-B-ßm-hm-Ip-¶p.
{hXw NtcXv; {]mWym-ss¨-hm-]m-\ym¨; t\·m Fs´-¶m CXv FÃm cq]-§-tfbpw `cn-¡p-¶p.
]m]vamarXyp cm]v\p hZn-Xn. bZyp Ntc-Xv, XXv 81. D]- þ - A Y IÀ½m- W mw- þ - B - t ß- t XyX tZjm-
kam]n]- b n- t j- X v . tXt\m GXssky tZh- apIvYw; AtXmln kÀÆwWn IÀ½m-Wyp-¯n-jvT-
Xmssb kmbqPyw ktem-IXmw Pb-Xn. ´n. GX-tZjmw kma; GX²n k sshx IÀ½`nx
""bX-tÝm........-ÑXn'' F¶-Xns\ Npcp-¡-¯n hymJym- kaw. GX-t Zjmw {_Ò; GX²n kÀhmWn
\n-¡p-¶p-þCu kqcy³ {]mW-\n \n¶mWv DZn-¡p-¶-Xv. IÀ½mWn _n`À¯n, XtZ-X-{¯bw ktZI ab-
{]mW-\n-emWv AkvXs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xv. ""Xw tZhmizx'' am-ßm. Btßm GIx kt¶-XXv {Xbw XtZX-Z-
F¶-Xnsâ AÀ°sas´¶p ]d-bp-¶p-þCu tZh-·mÀ-þ-A- arXw ktXy\ Ѷw. {]mtWm hm AarXw; \ma-

N P
 294
I cqt] kXyw; Xm`ym-abw {]mWivO¶x
C\n IÀ½- hn-ti-j -§ Ä¡p IÀ½ kmam-\y-¯ nÂ
A´À`m-hs¯ ]d-bp¶p:þ Cu IÀ½-hn-ti-j§ - Ä¡v
Bßmhv F¶p ]d-bp¶ IÀ½-km-am-\y-amWv D]m-Zm-\-Im-c-
Ww. Fs´- ¶m CXnÂ\n-¶mWv FÃm IÀ½-§fpw D­m-
Ip-¶-Xv. Cu IÀ½-km-am-\y-amWv Cu IÀ½-hn-ti-j-§-fpsS 3. D]þ k tlmhmN KmÀtKym, b Ghmku Nt{µ
kmaw. Fs´-¶m CXv FÃm IÀ½-hn-ti-j-§tfmSpw ka-
am-Ip-¶p. Cu IÀ½-km-am\yw Cu IÀ½-hn-ti-j-§-fpsS
{_Ò-am-Ip-¶p-þ-B-ßm-hm-Ip-¶p. Fs´-¶m CXv FÃm
IÀ½-hn-ti-j§ - -tfbpw `cn-¡p-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ Cu
\maw, cq]w, IÀ½w F¶ aq¶pw H¶m-bn«p Cu Bßm-hm-
Ip¶p Imcy IcW kMvLm-X-cq-]-amb Cu ]nÞ-am-Ip-¶p.
GI-am-bn-cn-¡p¶ Cu Imcy-Ic - W kMvLmXw Cu \ma-
cq] IÀ½-§Ä aq¶pw Xs¶ Cu AarXw kXy-¯m ad-
bv¡- s¸- «n-cn-¡p-¶p. Aar-X-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv {]mW-\m-Ip-¶p.
kXy-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶Xv \ma-cq-]§ - -f-s{X. Ah-bm Cu
{]mW³ ad-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p.
c­m-a-²ymbw
H¶mw {_mÒWw
1. D]-þHmw Zr]vX _mem-InÀ lm\q-Nmt\m KmÀKy Ã.''
Bk. ktlm-hm-Nm-PmX i{Xpw Imiyw, {_Ò
tX {_mhm-W o-X n. k tlm hmNm-P m-X -i {Xpx
kl{k taXkymw hmNn ZZvtam, P\tIm P\I
CXn ssh P\m-[m-h-´o-Xn.
A\phN-\-k-aÀ°-\pw- þ-hm-Ün-bpw, þZr-]vX\pw _em-I-
bpsS ]p{X\pw Bb KmÀKy³ F¶v tKm{X- \m-a-apÅ Hcp
{_mÒ-W³ D­m-bn-cp-¶p-t]mÂ. Ah³ Imin-cm-P-\mb
APmX i{Xp-hn-t\m-Sv, ""At§bv¡v Rm³ {_Òs¯ ]d-
ªp-Xcmw'' F¶p ]d-ªp-h-t{X. B APm-X-i{Xp ]d-ªp-
t]mÂ: ""Cu hm¡p \nan¯w Bbncw ]ip-¡sf \mw Xcp-
¶p-­v. P\- I³ P\- I³ (Zm- Xmhpw t{imXm- hpw) F¶m- WtÃm
P\-§Ä HmXp- ¶-Xv'' F¶v.
2. D]þ k tlmhmN KmÀKyxþ b Ghmkm hmZn
tXy ]pcpj GX-ta-hmlw {_tÒm-]mk CXn.
k tlmhm-Nm-Pm-Xi - {Xpxþ amssa-X-kvan³ kwh-
Znjv T mx; AXnjv T mx kÀthjmw `qXm \mw
aqÀ²m cmtP-Xnhm Alta Xap-]mk CXn. k
b GX-ta-h-ap-]mkvtX -f XnjvTmx kÀtÆjmw
`qXm\mw aqÀ²m, cmPm `h-Xn.
B KmÀKy³ ]dªp: ""BZn-Xy-\n DÅ B ]pcp-j³
Btcm Ch-s\-¯s¶ Rm³ {_Ò-ambn D]m-kn-¡p-¶p.''
B APm-X-i{Xp ]dªp: ""th­m, Cu {_Ò-¯nsâ hnj-
b-¯n kwhm-Zn-bvt¡-­- þ- A-§p kwhm-Zs¯ sNt¿-­.
AXn-jvT-\pw-þ-FÃm `qX-§-sfbpw AXn-{I-an¨p ØnXn
sN¿p-¶-h-\pw,-þ-FÃm `qX-§-fp-tSbpw aqÀ²m-hpw-þ- in-c-Êpw,
N P
cmPm-hpw-þ-Zo]vXn KptWm-t]-X-\pw, F¶pÅ hnti-j-§-tfm- K
Sp-IqSn Rm³ Chs\ D]m-kn-¡p¶p'' F¶v. ""BcmtWm
Chs\ C{]-Imcw D]m-kn-¡p-¶-Xv, Ah³ AXn-jT v -\m-bpw,
FÃm `qX-§-fp-sSbpw aqÀ²m-hmbpw cmPm-hmbpw `hn-¡p-
¶p.''
]pcp-j, GX-ta-hmlw {_tÒm-] mk CXn. k
tlm hmNm-Pm-Xi - -{Xp, À½m, ssaX-kvan³ kwhn-
ZnjvTmx; _rl³, ]mÞ-c-hmkmx, tkmam cmtP-
Xnhm Al-ta-Xa - p-]mk CXn. k b GXtah-ap-
]mkvtX -f lc-l Àl kpXx, {]kp- tXm, `h
Xn, \mkym¶w £ob-tX.
B KmÀKy³ ]dªp- þ ""N{µ- \n- epÅ B ]pcp- j³ Btcm
Ah-s\-¯s¶ Rm³ {_Ò-ambn D]m- kn- ¡p¶p'' F¶v. B
APm-X-i{Xp ]dªp:þ ""th­ Cu {_Ò-¯nsâ hnj-b-
¯n A§p kwh-Zn-t¡­; alm-\pw, ]Þ-c-amb hmk-
tÊm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\pw, cmPmhpw Bb tkma³ F¶p hnNm-
cn¨p Rm³ Cu ]pcp- j s\ D]m-k n- ¡ p¶p'' F¶v.
""BcmtWm Chs\ C{]-Imcw D]m-kn-¡p-¶Xv Ah¶v Znh-
kw-tXmdpw bÚ-¯n tkmaw A`n-jT v X- ambpw hnIr-Xn-
I-fn {]kp-X-ambpw `hn-¡pw. Ch\v A¶w £bn-¡-bn-
4. D]-þk tlmhm-NK - mÀtKym, b Ghku hnZypXn
]pcpj GX-ta-h mlw {_tÒm-] mk CXn k
tlmhmNm PmX-i-{Xp, À½m, ssaX-kvan³ kwhZn
jvTmx; tXP-kzoXn hm Atl-ta-X-ap-]mk CXn.
k b GX-ta-h-ap-]m-kvtX, tXPkzo Àl `hXn;
tXP-k zn-\o-Nmky {]Pm-`h
- Xn
B KmÀKy³ ]dªp: ""hnZyp-¯n DÅ B ]pcp-j³
Btcm Ah-t\-¯s¶ Rm³ {_Ò-ambn D]m-kn-¡p¶p''
F¶v. B APm-X-i{Xp ]dªp: ""th­ Cu {_Ò-¯nsâ
hnj-b¯- n kwh-Zn-t¡-­; tXPkzn F¶v Rm³ Cu
]pcp-js\ D]m-kn-¡p¶p'' F¶v. ""BcmtWm Chs\ C{]-
Imcw D]m-kn-¡p-¶Xv Ah³ tXP-kzn-bmbn `hn-¡p-¶p.
Chsâ {]P tXP-kzn-\n-bm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.''
5. D]-þk tlmhmN KmÀtKym, b Ghm-b-amImti
]pcpj GX-ta-hmlw {_tÒm-]mk CXn. k
tlmhm- N m- P m- X - i - { X p, À½ m s saX - k van³
kwhZnjvTmx, ]qÀ®-a-{]-hÀ¯oXn hm Al-ta-
X- a p]mk CXn. k b GX- t a- h - ap- ] mkv t Xx
]qcytX {]Pbm ]ip-`n, À¶mky-kvamtÃm ImXv
{]tPm-Z zÀ¯tX.
B KmÀKy³ ]dªp:þ ""BIm-i-¯n DÅ ]pcp-j³
Btcm Ch-s\-¯s¶ Rm³ {_Ò-ambn D]m-kn-¡p-¶p.''
F¶v B APm- X-i{Xp ]dªp:þ ""th­, Cu {_Ò-¯nsâ
hnj-b-¯n kwh-Zn-t¡-­. ]qÀ®-hpw, {]hÀ¯n- ¡m-¯-
Xpw-þ-{In-b-bn-Ãm-¯pw-þ-F¶v Rm³ Chs\ D]m-kn-¡p¶p''
 295
I F¶v. ""BcmtWm Chs\ C{]-Imcw D]m-kn-¡p-¶Xv Ah³
{]P-bmepw ]ip-¡-fmepw ]qÀ®-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Chsâ
{]P Cu temI-¯nÂ\n¶v DZzÀ¯n-¡-bn-Ã-þ- A-äp-t]m-Ib
- n-
Ã. Ah\v k´m-\-\miw hcn-I-bn-Ã.''
6. D ]- þ k tl mhmN KmÀtKym, b G hmbw
hmsbu ]pcp-j, GX-ta-h mlw {_tÒm-]mk
CXn. k tlmhm-Nm-PmX i{XpÀ½m ssaX-kvan³
kwhZnjvTmx. Ct{µm-ssh-IpWvtTm f- ]cm-P nXm
tkt\Xnhm Al-ta-Xa - p-]mk CXn. k b GX-
ta-h-ap]mkvtX, PojvWpÀlm-]-am-Pn-jvWpÀ`-h-
Xy\y XkvXyPmbo.
B KmÀKy³ ]dªp: ""hmbphn DÅ Cu ]pcp-j³
Btcm Ch-s\-¯s¶ Rm³ {_Ò-ambn D]m-kn-¡p¶p''
F¶v. B APm-X- i{Xp ]dªp:þ ""C{µ-\pw-þ-]-c-ta-iz-c-\pw,
sshIp-WvT-\pw-þ-A-{]-k-ly\pw A]-cm-Pn-X-bmb tk\bpw
F¶v, Rm³ Chs\ D]m- kn- ¡p¶p F¶v. BcmtWm Chs\
C{]-Imcw D]m-kn-¡p-¶Xv Ah³ PnjvWp-hm-bpw-þ-P-bi - o-
e-\mbpw tXm¡m-¯-h-\mbpw k]-Xv\-·mtc Pbn-¡p¶
ioe-ap-Å-h-\mbpw Xocp-¶p.''
7. D]-þ k tlmhmN KmÀtKym, b Ghm-b-aáu
]pcpj GX-ta-hmlw {_tÒm-]mk CXn. k
tlmhm-Nm-PmX i{XpÀ½m, ssaX-kvan³ kwhZn
jvT mx hnjm- k -l n-c nXn hm Al- ta-X -ap- ] mk
CXn. k b GX-ta-h-ap-]mkvtX hnjm-k-lnÀl`
hXn; hnjm-k-lnÀlmky {]Pm-`h - -Xn.
B KmÀKy³ ]dªp: ""Aán-bn-epÅ Cu ]pcp-j³
Btcm Ch-s\-¯s¶ Rm³ {_Ò-ambn D]m-kn-¡p¶p''
F¶v. B APm-X-i{Xp ]dªp:- ""th­, Cu {_Ò-¯nsâ
hnj-b¯- n kwh-Zn-t¡­; hnjm-kl - n-þ-C-Sp¶ lhn-
Êns\ kln-¡p-¶-h³ F¶v Rm³ Cu ]pcp-js\ D]m-kn-
¡p¶p'' F¶v ""BcmtWm Chs\ C{]- Imcw D]m-kn-¡p- ¶Xv
Ah³ hnjm-k-ln-bm-bn-þ- A-\y-·msc kln-¡p-¶ -h-\mbn
Xocp-¶p. Chsâ {]P hnjm-k-ln-bm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.''
8. D]-þ k tlmhmN KmÀtKym, b Ghm-b-a]vkp
]pcpj GX-ta-hmlw {_tÒm-]mk CXn. k
tlmhm-Nm-Pm-X-i-{Xp, À½m, ssaX-kvan³ kwhZn
jvTmx, {]Xn-cq] CXn hm Al-ta-\-ap-]mk CXn;
k b GX-ta-h-ap-]m-kvtX, {]Xn-cq]w sslssh
\a-\p-K-Ñ-Xn, \m {]Xn-cq-]w, AtYm {]Xncqt]m
-f kvamÖm- tb-X .
B KmÀKy³ ]dªp: ""A¸p-I-fn DÅ Cu ]pcp-j³
Btcm Ch-s\-¯s¶ Rm³ {_Ò-ambn D]m-kn-¡p¶p''
F¶v. B APm-X-i{Xp ]dªp: ""th­, Cu {_Ò-¯nsâ
hnj-b-¯n kwh-Zn-t¡-­; {]Xn-cq-]³-þ- A-\p-cq-]³-þ- {ip- B KmÀKy³ ]dªp: ""Zn¡p-I-fn-epÅ Cu ]pcp-j³
Xn-kav r-Xn-IÄ¡p A-{]-Xn-Iq-e³ F¶pÅ hnti-j-W-t¯m- Btcm, Ah-s\-¯s¶ Rm³ {_Ò-ambn D]m-kn-¡p¶p''
Sp-IqSn Rm³ Chs\ D]m-kn-¡p¶p'' F¶v. ""Chs\ F¶v. B APm- X- i{Xp ]dªp:þ ""th­, Cu {_Ò- ¯nsâ
C{]Imcw BÀ D]m-kn-¡p-¶pthm Ahs\ A\p-cq-]-am-bn- hnj-b¯
N P
K
«p-Å-Xp-Xs¶ A\p-K-an-¡p-¶p-þ-{]m-]n-¡p-¶p. A\p-cq-]-a-Ãm-
¯Xv {]m]n-¡p-¶n-Ã. Ch-\nÂ\n¶p A\p-cq-]-am-bn-«p-Å-Xp-
Xs¶ D­m-Ip-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.''
9. D]-þk tlmhmN KmÀtKym, b Ghmb amZÀ
ti ]pcpj GX-ta-hmlw {_tÒm-]mk CXn.
k tlmhmNm PmX-i-{Xp, À½m, ssaX-k van³
kwhZnjvTmx tcmNn-jvWp-cnXn hm Al-ta-\-ap-
]mk CXn. k b Gh-ta-X -ap-] m-kvtX, tcmNn-
jvW pÀl `hXn; tcmNn-j vW pÀlmky {]Pm-` -
hXn; AtYm ssbx kw\n-K-¨Xn khmw-kvXm-\-
Xntcm NtX.
B KmÀKy³ ]dªp: ""BZÀi-¯n (I-®m-Sn-bnÂ)
DÅ Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm Ch- s\-¯s¶ Rm³ {_Ò- ambn
D]m-kn-¡p¶p'' F¶v. APm-X-i{Xp ]d-ªp. ""th­m, Cu
{_Ò-¯nsâ hnj-b-¯n kwhmZw sNt¿- ­. tcmNnjvWp
(Zo-]vXn-kz- `m- hw) F¶ hnti- j- W- t¯m-Sp- Iq- Sn, Rm³ Chs\
D]m-kn-¡p¶p'' F¶v. ""Chs\ C{]-Imcw BÀ D]m-kn-¡p-
¶p-thm, Ah³ tcmNn-jW v p-hm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Chsâ {]P-
tcm-Nn-jvWp-hm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. F¶p am{X-a-Ã, BtcmSp ASp-
¡p-¶pthm Ahsc FÃm-h-tcbpw AXn-{I-an¨p {]Im-in-
¡bpw sN¿pw.''
10. D]-þk tlmhmN KmÀtKym b Ghmbw bXv\w
]mÝm-Ñ_vtZm f- \qtZ,-þ-tXy-X-ta-hmlw {_tÒm
]mk CXn. k tlmhm-Nm-Pm-Xi - -{Xp, À½m, ssa
Xkvan³ kwh-ZnjvTmx; Akp-cnXn hm Al-taX
ap]mk CXn. k b GX-ta-h-ap-]m-kvtX, kÀhw
sslhm-kvan³ temI Abp-tcXn ss\Xw ]pcm
ImemXv {]mtWm Plm-Xn.
B KmÀKy³ ]dªp: ""t]mIp-¶-hsâ ]n¶mse
GsXmcp i_v±-amtWm DZn-¡p-¶Xv AXn-s\-¯s¶ Rm³
{_Ò- ambn D]m- kn- ¡p¶p'' F¶v. B APm- X-i{Xp ]dªp:þ
""th­, Cu {_Ò-¯nsâ hnj-b¯ - n kwhmZw sNt¿-
­, Akp-þ-Po-h\tlXp-hmb {]mW³-þ-F¶ hnti-j-W-
t¯m-Sp-IqSn Rm³ CXns\ D]m-kn-¡p¶p'' F¶v. CXns\
C{]-Imcw Bdv D]m- kn-¡p-¶p-thm, Ah³ Cu temI-¯nÂ
apgp-h³ Bbp- Ên-s\bpw Xs¶ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Chs\ Ime-
¯n\p ap¼v {]mW³ Dt]-£n-¡-bn-Ã.
11. D]-þk tlmhmN KmÀtKym, b Ghmbw `n£p
]pcp-j, GX-ta-hmlw {_tÒm-] mk CXn. k
tlmhm-N m-Pm-X-i -{Xp,À½m ssaX-kv an³ kwh
ZnjvTmx ZznXotbm -f \]K CXn hm Al-ta-Xap
]mk CXn, k b GX-ta-h-ap-]m-kvtX, ZznXob
hm³ l `h-Xn, Xmkvam-ZvK-W-ivOn-Zy-tX.
- n kwhmZw sNt¿-­. ZznXo-b³, A\-]K - ³

I F¶ hnti-j-W-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn Rm³ Chs\ D]m-kn-¡p¶p''
F¶v. ""Chs\ C{]-Imcw BÀ D]m-kn-¡p-¶pthm Ah³
klm-b-¡mÀ DÅ-h-\m-bn-¯ocpw Ch-\nÂ\n¶v Iq«-¡mÀ
]ncn-ªp-t]m-Ib
- n-Ã.''
12. D]-þ k tlmhmN KmÀtKym b Ghmbw Om
bmabx ]pcp- j , GX-t a-h mbw {_tÒm-] mk
CXn. k tlmhm-Nm-Pm-Xi - -{XpÀ½m, ssaX-kvan³
kwh-ZnjvTmx; arXyp-cnXn hm Al-ta-Xap]mk
CXn. k b GX-ta-h-ap-]mkvtX kÀhw sslhm-
kvan³ temI Bbp-tcXn; ss\\w ]pcmImem-
·r-Xyp-c m-K-ÑXn.
B KmÀKy³ ]dªp: ""Cu Ombm-a-b\ - mb ]pcp-j³
GtXm Ah-s\-¯s¶ Rm³ {_Ò-ambn D]m-kn-¡p¶p''
F¶v. B APm- X- i{Xp ]dªp:þ ""th­, Cu {_Ò- ¯nsâ
hnj-b¯- n kwhmZw sNt¿-­. arXyp F¶ hnti-j-W-
t¯m-Sp-IqSn Rm³ Chs\ D]m-kn-¡p¶p'' F¶v. ""Chs\ 16. D]þ k tlmhm-Nm-Pm-Xi- -{Xp, cyss{X j GXXv
C{]-Imcw BÀ D]m-kn- ¡p-¶pthm Ah³ Cu temI- ¯nÂ
apgp-h³ Bbp-Ên-s\- ¯s¶ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Ime-¯n- \p-ap¼v ssIzj XZm f- `qXv?IpX GX-` m-KmXv? CXn.
Chs\ arXyp {]m]n-¡-bn-Ã.''
13. D]þ k tlmhmN KmÀtKym, b Ghm-b-amß
\n ]pcpj, GX-ta-hmlw {_tÒm-]mk CXn.
k tlmhm-Nm-Pm-Xi
- -{XpÀ½m ssaX-kvan³ kwh-
ZnjvTmx Bß-\zocn hm Al- -ta-Xa
- p-]mk CXn.
k b GX-ta-h-ap-] mkvX Bß\zo l `h-X n.
Bß-\zo\n lmky-{]Pm `h-Xn. k l XpjvWn
amk KmÀKyx.
B KmÀKy³ ]dªp: ""Bßm-hn (-{]-Pm-]X - n-bnÂ)
DÅ Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm, Ch- s\- ¯s¶ Rm³ {_Ò-ambn
D]m-kn-¡p¶p'' F¶v. B APm-i-i{Xp ]dªp: ""th­,
Cu {_ÒX-¯nsâ hnj-b¯ - n kwhmZw sNt¿­;
Bßm- thm- Sp-IqSnbh³ F¶ hnti- j- W-t¯m-Sp- IqSn Rm³
Chs\ D]m-kn- ¡p¶p'' F¶v, ""BcmtWm Chs\ C{]-Imcw
D]m-k n-¡ p-¶ Xv Ah³ Bßm-h p-Å -h - \ m-b n-¯ o-c pw.
Ahsâ {]P Bß- \zn- \n-bmbpw Xocpw.'' B KmÀKy³ an­m-
Xn- cp-¶ p.
14. D]-þk tlm hmNm-Pm-Xi- {Xp; tcXm-h¶q? CXn.
GXm-h-²o-Xn. ss\Xm-hXm hnZnXw `h-Xo-Xn. k
tlmhmN KmÀKy D]Xzm bm \oXn.
B APm-X- i{Xp ""C{X-bpta DtÅm?'' F¶p ]d-ªp.
""C{X-b pta DÅq'' F¶p KmÀKy³ adp-] Sn ]dªp.
""C{Xbpw am{Xw-sIm­v {_Òw Adn-b-s¸-«-Xm-I-bn-Ã.'' F¶v
APm-X-i{Xp ]ns¶bpw ]d-ªp, ""At§ Rm³ D]-Ka - n-
¡p¶p'' F¶v KmÀKy³ ]d-ªp.
15. D]þ k tlmhm-Nm-Pm-Xi
- {Xp; {]Xn-temaw ssN
XZv, bZv {_mÒWx £{Xn-b-ap-t]-bmZv {_lv a
ta h£y-XoXn; thyhXzm Ú]-bn-jymaoXn. Xw
N P
296
]mWm- h m-Z m- t bm¯ Øu Xu l ]pcpjm K
kp]vX -am-P-Ü Xpx; Xta-s sXÀ¶m-` n-c m-a-{´bmw
Nt{Iþ_r-l³, ]mÞ-c-hmkx, tkma, cmP¶n
Xn. kt\m-¯ -Ø u. Xw ]mWn\m -f f t]jw
t_m[bmw NImc; ktlm-¯Øu
B APm-X- i{Xp ]dªp: ""{_mÒ-W³, F\n¡p
{_Òs¯ ]d-ªp-Xcpw'' F¶p hnNm-cn¨v £{Xn-bs\ D]-
K-an-¡pI F¶p-ÅXp GtXm CXv hn]-co-X-hp-am-W.v ""Rm³
At§ hnÚm-]n-¸n-¡-Xs¶ sN¿mw'' F¶v. At±-ls¯
ssIbv¡p ]nSn-¨p-sIm­v cmPmhp Fgp-t¶-äp. AhÀ c­p-
t]cpw Dd-§n- ¡n-S¶ ]pcp-jsâ ASp-¡Â sN¶p. B ]pcp-
js\ "_rl-¶-m-bn-«p-Å-ht\' "]mÞ-c-hm-ÊtÊ' "tkma'
"cmPmth' F¶ \ma-§-sf-s¡m­p Ba-{´Ww sNbvXp-þ-
hn-fn-¨p. Ah³ Fgp-t¶-än-Ã. Ahs\ ssIsIm­p Bt]-
£Ww sNbvXp sNbvXv DWÀ¯n Ah³ Fgp-t¶-äp.
kp]vtXm -f `qZy Gj hnÚm-\-abx]pcpjx
XZpl \ tat\ KmÀKyx.
B APm-X-i{Xp ]dªp: ""Cu hnÚm-\-a-b- \mb ]pcp-
j³ Btcm Ch³ Ct¸mÄ Cu kz]v\s¯ kz]n-¨n-cp-
¶pthm At¸mÄ Ch³ FhnsS Bbn-cp¶p? Fhn-sS-\n¶v
CXn-s\-þ-B-K-a-\-s¯- þ-B-K-an¨p?'' F¶v. AXns\ KmÀKy³
Adn-ªn-Ã.
17. D]-þk tlmhm-Nm-Pm-Xi - -{Xp, cyss{Xj GXXv
kp]vtXm f- `qZy Gj hnÚm-\-abx ]pcpj
kvXtZjmw {]mWm\mw hnÚm-t\\ hnÚm-
\-am-Zm-b, b Gtjm f- ´Àlr-Zb BIm-i-kvX-
kvan-RvtOtX Xm \nbZm KrlvWm-XyY sslXXv
]pcpjx kz]nXn \ma,x XZv , KrloX Gh
{]mtWm `hXn; KrloXw hmKv, KrloXw N£pÀ,
KrloXw t{im{Xw, KrloXw a\x.
B APm- X- i{Xp ]dªp:þ ""Cu hnÚm- \- a-b-\mb ]pcp-
j³ Btcm Ch³ Ft¸mÄ Cu kz]v\s¯ kz]n-¨n-cp-
¶pthm At¸mÄ, hnÚm-\w-sIm- ­v-þ- A´xIc-W-¯n-epÅ
A`n-hy-à-am-b, hnti-j-hn-Úm\wsIm­v Cu hmKm-Zn-I-
fmb {]mW-§-f psS hnÚm- \-s¯-þ- kz-hn-j-b-§-fn-ep-Å
kmaÀ°ys¯ FSp-¯n-«v, lrZ-bm-´À`m-K-¯n-epÅ Cu
{]Imiw GtXm AXn ibn-¡p-¶p. Ah-sb-þ-hm-Km-Zn-I-
fpsS hnÚm-\-§sf Ft¸mÄ {Kln-¡p-¶pthm At¸mÄ
]pcp-j³ Cu kz]v\s¯ kz]n-¡p¶p'' F¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
At¸mÄ-þB kzm]-Im-e-¯n {]mW³-þ-{Lm-tW-{µnbw
{Kln-¡- s¸-«-Xm-bn-þ-D- ]- kw- l- cn-¡- s¸-«-Xm-bn-¯o-cp¶p. hm¡p
{Kln-¡- s¸-«-Xm-bn-¯o- cp- ¶p. N£pÊv {Kln- ¡- s¸-«-Xm-bn-¯o-
cp-¶p, a\Êp {Kln-¡-s¸-«-Xm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
18. D]þ k bss{X-XXv kz]v\ybm Nc-Xn, tX lm
kytemImx; XZp-tXh alm-cmtPm `hXn; DtXh
 297

I alm-{_m-Ò Wx; DtX-thm-¨m-h Nw \nK-Ñ-Xn. k hn-hn-[-ambn DZvK-an- ¡p-¶p. B Bßmhnsâ D]-\n-j-¯v-þ- K

bYm alm-cmtPm Pm\ ]Zm³ KrloXzm tkzP\ A-Sp-¡Â F¯n-¡p¶ i_vZw kXy-¯nsâ kXyw F¶-
]tZ bYm-Imaw ]cn-hÀt¯ ssXh-ta-sshj G Xm-Ip-¶p. kXy-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv {]mW-§Ä BIp-¶p.
XXv {]mW³ KrloXzm tkzi-cotc bYm-Imaw Ahbv¡p kXyw Cu Bßm-hm-Ip-¶p.
]cn-hÀ¯-tX.
Ah³ {]Ir-X-\mb Bßmhv Ft¸mÄ BtWm kz]v\-
c­mw {_mÒWw
hr-¯n-sIm­v C{]-Imcw Ncn-¡p-¶ -Xv, At¸mÄ Ah
Chsâ temI-§-fm- Ip-¶p- -þ-IÀ½-^-e-§-fm-Ip-¶p. Ah-bnÂ, 21. D]þ tbm l ssh inipw km[m\w k{]Xym
]t£ alm-cm-Pm-hn-s\-t¸m-se-bpw, ]t£ alm-{_m-Ò-W-s\- [m\w kØqWw kZmaw thZ, k]vX l Zznj
t¸m-sebpw Bbn-¯o-cp-¶p. D¨-ambpw (D-bÀ¶pw) Ah-N- tXm {`mXr-hym-\-h-cp-W-²n. Abw hm h inip
ambpw (Xm- gv¶pw) F¶-t]mse \nK-an-¡bpw sN¿p- ¶p. AXv tcym -f bw a[yax {]mWx, Xtky-Z-ta-hm-[m\
F§s\ F¶mÂ-þ-GXp {]Im-c-amtWm alm- cm-Pmhv P\-]-Z- anZw {]Xym-[m-\w, {]mWx ØqWm f- ¶w Zma
¯n (\m-«nÂ) DÅ- hsc Iq«n- s¡m­v kz´w P\-]-Z-¯n BcmtWm B[m- c-t¯m-Sp- Iq-Sn-bXpw {]Xym-[m-\- t¯m- Sp-
Cãwt]mse Npän-\S- -¡p-¶-X,v C{]-Im-cw-Xs¶ Ch³-þCu Iq-Sn-bXpw ØqW-tbm-Sp(-_-Ô- \-kX v w-`w) IqSn-b-Xpw, Zma(-
Bßmhv C{]-Imcw {]mW§sf {Kln-¨n«v kz´w ico-c- ]m-iw)-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw Bb inip-hns\ Adn-bp-¶Xv
¯n Cãw-t]mse Npän-\-S-¡p-¶p. Ah³, tZzjn-¡p-¶-h-cmb Ggp {`mXr-hy-·msc Ah-tcm-[n-
19. D]þ AY bZm kpjp]vtXm `h-Xn, bZm \ Iky ¡p-¶p. Cu a[y-a-\mb {]mW³ GtXm CXp-X-s¶-bmWv
N\ thZ, lnXm\mw \mtUym Zzm k]vXXnx k inip F¶p ]d-bp-¶- Xv. B {]mW- \m-Ip¶ inip-hn\p A[n-
l{kmWn lrZ-bmXv ]pco-X-X-a-`n-{]-Xn-j vT -t´, jvTm\w CXv (i-co-cw)- X- s¶. {]tXy- I- apÅ A[n- jvTm\w CXm
Xm`nx {]Xy-h-kr]y ]pco-XXn titX. k bYm (in-c-Ê)v Ip¶p. _Ô-\-kX v w`w {]mW-\m-Ip-¶p-þ-_-e-am-Ip-
Ipamtcm hm alm-c mtPm hm alm-{_-Ò tWm ¶p. Zmaw-þ-_-Ô- \-c-Öq, A¶-am-Ip-¶p.
hm -f XnLv\ o-am-µ ky KXzmi bo ssXhta 22. D]þ XtaXmx k]vXm-£n-Xb D]-\n-jvT-t´. XZy
sshj GX-tÑtX Cam A£³ temlnt\ym cmP-b-k vXm-`n-tc\w
]ns¶ Ft¸m- gmtWm kpjp- ]X v -\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶-Xv, Ft¸m- cpt{Zm -f \zmb¯x; AY bm A£-¶m-]-kvXm`n;
gmtWm H¶n-t\bpw Adn-bm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv, At¸mÄ, lnX- ]ÀÖ\yx; bm I\o-\Im Xbm f- -f ZnXyx; bXv
IÄ F¶p ]d-bp¶ Fgp-]-¯o-cm-bncw \mUn-IÄ lrZ-b- IrjvW w tX\mánx; bÑp¢w tXt\{µx; A[
¯nÂ\n¶p ]qcn-X-¯ns\ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn¨p Kan-¡p-¶p. c s s b\ w hÀ ¯ \ ym ] r Y n- h y- \ zm- b ¯ m;
Ah-bnÂIqSn {]Xy-hk- À¸Ww sNbvXn-«v-þ- ]n³h-en-ªn«v Zyucp¯cbm. \mkym¶w £obtX b Ghw
]pco-X-¯n ibn-¡p-¶p. AXv F§s\ F¶mÂ, F{]- thZ
Im- c-am- tWm, Ipam- c-t\mþAXy´ _me-t\m,-þ-a- lm-cm-Pm-thm, Ahs\þB {]mW-s\, CuþXm-sg-¸-d-bp-¶, Ggp A£n-
alm-{_m-Ò-Wt\m B\-µ¯ - nsâ AXn-Lv\n-sb-þ-AXn-i- Xn-IÄþ A£n-Xn- tl-Xp-¡Ä, D]-Øm\w sN¿p-¶p. AXnÂ
tb\ ZpxJs¯ l\n-¡p¶ Ah- Ø-sb-þ-{]m-]n- ¨n«v ibn- ¡p- A£n-bn Cu Nph-¸p-\n-d-¯n-epÅ cmPn-IÄ-þ- tc-JIÄ,
¶-Xv, A{]-Im-cw-X-s¶, Ch³ C§s\ ibn-¡p-¶p. Gh-tbm, Ah-bnÂIqSn cp{Z³ Cu a[y-a-\mb {]mWs\
20. D]-þk btYmÀ®-\m-`n-kvX´ - p-t\m-¨-tc-Zv, bYm A\zm-b-¯-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-þ-A-\p-K-X-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. ]ns¶
f táx£p{Zm- h n- k v^ p- e nw-K m-h yq- ¨ - c -t ´y- h - ta- A£n-bn-epÅ A¸p-IÄ Fhtbm Ah-bnÂIqSn ]ÀP-
hmkvamZmß\x kÀth-{]mWmx kÀth temImx \y³ Cu apJy-{]m-Ws\ A\p-K-X-\m-bn-cn¡p-¶p. ZÀi-\-
k ÀtÆ tZhmx kÀhmWn `qXm\n hyp¨-c´n; iàn GtXm AXnÂIqSn BZn-Xy³ Chs\ A\p-K-X-\m-
X tkym]-\n-j ¯v kXy-k y-k-Xy-an-Xn. {]mWm bn-cn-¡p-¶p. I®n-epÅ Idp-¯-`mKw GtXm AXnÂIqSn
ssh kXyw; tXjm-ta-j-kXyw Aán Chs\ A\p- K-X- \m- bn- cn-¡p-¶p. shfp¯ `mKw GtXm
AXnÂIqSn C{µ³ Chs\ A\p-K-X-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Xmg-
AXv-F- §s\ F¶m F{]-Im-c-amtWm DuÀ®-\m-`n-þ-
t¯-Xmb hÀ¯-\n-bnÂIqSn ]rYnhn Chs\ A\p-K-X-\m-
Nn- e-´n- þ-X-´p-sIm-­v,-þ-\q- ep-sIm­v D¨-cn-¡p-¶-Xv-þ-D-ZvK-an- ¡p-
bn-cn-¡p-¶p. apI-fn-es¯ I¬t]m-f-b nÂIqSn tZymhv
¶-Xv, F{]-Im-c-amtWm Aán-bnÂ\n¶v £p{Z-§-fm-b-þ- sN-
Chs\ A\zm-b-¯-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. C{]-Imcw BÀ Adn-bp-
dnb hnkv^p-enw-K-§Ä-þ-Xo-s¸m-cn-IÄ-þ-hyp-¨-cn-¡p-¶-Xv-þ]e
¶pthm Ah\v A¶w £bn-¡-bn-Ã.
hn[¯nÂ, AsÃ-¦n ]e-Xmbn DZvK-an-¡p-¶Xv C{]-Im-cw-
Xs¶ Cu Bßm- hnÂ\n- ¶vþ DW- cp- ¶- Xn\p ap¼pÅ hnÚm- 23. D]þ XtZj tÇmtIm `h-Xn,
\- a- bsâ kzcq-]-¯nÂ\n¶v FÃm {]mW- §fpw FÃm temI- B AÀ°-¯n Xmsg-¸-d-bp¶ tÇmIw D­v.
§fpw FÃm tZh-·mcpw FÃm `qX-§fpw hyp¨-cn-¡p-¶p-þ-
a{´w þ ""AÀhm-Kzn-e -Ý-a k DuÀ[z-_ p-² v\ -k vX -
N P
 298

I kvan³ itbm \nlnXw hniz-cq]w; Xkym f- -f K

kX-E -j bx k]v X Xotc; hmK- ã ao {_ÒWm''
aq¶mw {_mÒWw
kwhn-Zm\m CXn.
26. D]-þtZz hmh {_mÒtWm cqt], aqÀ¯w ssN
Iogv `mK¯v hne-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn- bXpw ASn-`mKw taÂh-
hm aqÀ¯w N, aÀ¯yw NmarXw N, ØnXw N
i-¯m-bn-«p-ÅXpw Bb Nakw (tkm-a-ckw {Kln-¡p-¶-
b¨, k¨ Xyw N.
Xn-\pÅ Hcp ]m{Xw) D­v. B ]m{X¯n hnizcq]-am-b-þ-
\m-\m-cq-]-am-b-þ-b-iÊv \nln-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXnsâ Xoc- {_Ò-¯nsâ cq]-§Ä aqÀ¯hpw AaqÀ¯hpw c­p-
¯n Ggv Ejn-IÄ Ccn-¡p-¶p. {_Ò-t¯m-Sv-þ-i-_vZ-cm-in- X-s¶. B aqÀ¯m-aqÀ¯-cq-]-§Ä aÀ¯yhpw Aar-X-hpw,
tbm-S-vþ- kw-hm-Zs¯ sN¿p¶ hm¡v F«m-a-t¯-Xm-Ip-¶p. ØnXhpw b¯pw k¯pw Xyhpw BIp-¶p.

24. D]-þ""-AÀÆm-Kzn-e-Ý-ak DuÀ²z-]pÞvd'' CXn-þ- 27. D]-þ-X -tZX ·qÀ¯m, bZ-kyZv hmtbmÝm´cn
CZw XÑncx, Gj-lyÀÆm-Kzn-e-Ý-ak DuÀ[z-\ £m¨, GX-·À¯y, taXXv ØnX, taXXv kXv.
_p[v\x. Xkvan³ btim \nlnXw hnizcq] anXn. Xssky Xky aqÀ¯ssky Xky aÀ¯y
-{]mWm ssh btim hniz-c q]w {]mWm-t\X ssky Xky Ø nXs skyXky kX Gj
Zml ""Xky f- -f kX Ejbx k]vX Xotc'' ctkm, b Gj-X-]Xn; ktXm tlyj ckx
CXn.-þ-{ ]mWm hm Ejbx. {]mWmt\ XZm-l . hmbp-hnÂ\n¶pw A´-co-£-¯nÂ\n¶pw A\y-am-bp-
""hmK- ã ao {_ ÒWm kw hn- Z m\m'' CXn.þ ÅXv GtXm AXmWv aqÀ¯w. CXmWp aÀ¯yw; CXmWp
hmKvLy-ãao {_Ò-W m-kw-hn-t¯. ØnXw; CXmWp k¯v. A§-s\-bpÅ Cu aqÀ¯-¯n-
""AÀhm...Þvdx'' F¶-Xnsâ hymJym\w ]d-bp¶p:þ sâ, Cu aÀ¯y-¯n-sâ, Cu ØnX-¯n-sâ, Cu k¯nsâ
CXv-þ-C-Xn ]d-bp¶p Na-kw-þ-I-c-Wm-ß-I-\mb apJy-{]m- ck- amWv Cu X]n-¡p-¶- Xv. Ch³ Cu khn-Xmhv k¯nsâ
Wsâ {]Xym- [m- \-amb inc-Êm-Ip-¶p. CXv Iogvhi¯p Ipgn- ck-am-W-tÃm.
bp-ÅXpw Nph-Sp-`mKw taÂh-i-¯m-bn-«p-Å-Xp-amb Na-k- 28. D]þ AYm-aqÀ¯w hmbp-Ým-´-co£w N. GXZ
am-W-tÃm. ""Xkvan³..-cq-]w.'' F¶-Xnsâ AÀ°w ]d-bp-¶p- arX. taX-Zy, tZX-¯yw. Xssky Xkym aqÀ¯
þ-\m-\m-cq-]-amb biÊv {]mW-§-fm-Ip-¶p. taÂ]-dª ssky Xkym arXsskyXky bX GXky Xy
""Xkvan³'' CXymZn hmIyw {]mW-§-se-¸-d-bp-¶p. ""Xkym-þ- sskyj-c-tkm, b Gj GX-kvan-·-Þte ]pcp
Xosc'' F¶p-Å-Xns\ hymJym-\n-¡p-¶pþ Ejn-IÄ F¶p jx. Xyky-tlyj ckx CXy-[n-ssZ-h-Xw.
]d-bp-¶Xv {]mW-§-fm-Ip-¶p. Cu hmIyw {]mW-§-sf-¸-d-
bp-¶p. ""hmK-þ-þ-Zm\m'' F¶-Xnsâ AÀ°w ]d-bp-¶p-þ-F- «m- C\n AaqÀ¯-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv hmbphpw A´- co-£-
a-t¯-Xmb hm¡v {_Ò-t¯m-Sv-þ-i-_vZ-cm-in-tbm-Sv-þ-kw-hm- hp- a m-Ip-¶p. CXmWv AarXw; CXmWv b¯v, CXmWv Xyw.
Zs¯ sN¿p-¶p-­-tÃm. A§-s\-bpÅ Cu AaqÀ¯-¯nsâ Asæn Cu Aar-
X- ¯n-sâ, AsÃ-¦n Cu b¯nsâ, AsÃ-¦n Cu
25. D]- þ - C - a m- t hh tKmX- a - ` cZzmsPu; Ab- t ah Xy¯nsâ ck-am-Wv, Cu aÞ-e- ¯n-epÅ ]pcp- j³ Btcm
tKmXax; Ab-tah `c-ZzmPxþC-am-thh hnizm Ch³. Cu ]pcp-j³ Xy¯nsâ ck-am-W-tÃm. C§s\
an{X Pa-Zán; Ab-t ah hnizm-an{Xx; Abw P A[n-ssZ-h-Xw.
aZánx. Cam-thh hknjvT Iiy]u; Ab-tah
hknjv T x; Abw Iiy]x, hmtK hm¯v d nx; 29. D]-þ-A-Y m- -[ym-ßw-þC
- Z- -ta-h-aqÀ¯w bZ-XXv {]m
hmNm ly¶-a-Zy-tX. A¯nÀl ssh \mssa XZv Wm¨; bÝm-b-a-´-cm-ß-¶m-Imix GX-·À¯y,
bZ- ¯ vd n- c n- X n. kÀh- k ym- ¯ m- ` - h - X n. kÀha taX-Õ vY n- X , taX-Õ -X v. Xssk Xky-aqÀ¯
kym¶w `h-Xn, b Ghw thZ. sskyXky aÀ¯ysskyXky- Ø n- X -s skyX
kyX Gj-c-tkm-b-¨£px ktXm-tlyj ckx
ChÀ Xs¶ tKmX-a- `-c- Zzm-P-·mÀ. Ch³ Xt¶ tKmX- a³.
Ch³ `c-Zzm-P-\m-Ip-¶p. ChÀXs¶ hnizm-an-{X\pw Pa-Z- A\-´cw A[ym-ß-apÅ aqÀ¯m-aqÀ¯-§-fpsS hn`m-
ánbpw Ah³Xt¶ hnizm-an-{X³. Ch³ Pa-Z-án-bm-Ip-¶p. Ks¯ ]d-bp¶p:- {]mW-\nÂ\n- ¶pw, Bßm- hnsâ DÅn-epÅ
ChÀ Xs¶ hkn-jvT\pw Iiy-]\ - pw. Ch³ Xs¶ hkn- ico-c-¯n- \p-Ån-epÅ þ Cu BImiw GtXm AXn \n¶pw
jvT³. Ch³ Iiy-]-\m-Ip-¶p. hm¡p-Xs¶ A{¯n. hm¡n- A\y-am-bp-ÅXv GtXm CXp-X-s¶- bmWv aqÀ¯-amb {_Ò-
\m Xs¶-bm-WtÃm A¶w AZn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. A{¯n ¯nsâ cq]w. CXmWp aÀ¯yw; CXmWp ØnXw; CXmWv
F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xp GtXm CXv A¯n F¶Xp Xs¶-bm-Ip- k¯v. A§-s\-bpÅ Cu aqÀ¯-¯nsâ AsÃ-¦n Cu
¶p. C{]-Imcw BÀ Adn-bp-¶pthm Ah³ FÃm A¶- ¯n- aÀ¯y-¯nsâ AsÃ-¦n Cu ØnX-¯nsâ AsÃ-¦nÂ
sâbpw A¯m-hm-bn-¯ocpw Ch¶v FÃmw A¶-am-bn- Cu k¯nsâ ck-am-Wv, N£p-sʶp ]d-bp-¶-Xv. CXv
¯o-cpw. k¯nsâ ck-am-W-tÃm.

N P
 299

I 30. D]þ AYm-aqÀ¯w, {]mW-Ý, bÝm-b-a-´-cmß
¶mImix. GX-Z-ar-X w, GX-Zy, tZX-XvX yw. X
sskyX-k ym-ar-X -s sky-X ky bX GXky Xy
sskyj-c -tkm, tbm - f bw Z£ntW f- £³
]pcp jx Xyky tlyj ckx
C\n {]mW\pw ico-c-¯n-\p-Ån Cu BImiw GtXm
AXpw AaqÀ¯-am-Ip¶p CXmWv Aar-Xw, CXm-Wv b¯p;
CXmWv Xyw. A§-s\-bpÅ Cu AaqÀ¯-¯n- sâ, AsÃ-
¦n Cu Aar-X-¯nsâ AsÃ-¦n Cu b¯n-sâ, AsÃ-
¦n Cu Xy¯nsâ ck-am-Wv, Z£n-W-amb A£n-bnÂ
Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm, Ah³ CXv Xy¯nsâ ck-am-W-tÃm.
31. D]þ Xky sslXky ]pcp-jky cq]w bYm
alm-c-P\w hmtkm, bYm-]m-Þzm-hn-Iw, btY
{µtKm-t]m, bXm-áyÀ¨n, cyY ]pÞ-co-Iw, bYm
kIr-Zzn-Zyp¯w kIr-Zzn-Zyp-t¯h lhm Aky
{ioÀ`-h-Xn, b Ghw thZ
A§-s\-bpÅ Cu enMvKm-ß- I-\mb ]pcp-jsâ cq]w,
aª-¨m-b-¯n aq¡nb hkv{Xw- t]m-sebpw ]mÞp- hÀ®-
amb B«n³tcm-aw-sIm-­pÅ hkv{Xw-t]m-sebpw C{µ-tKm-
]w-t]m-sebpw Aán-Pzm-e-t]m-se-bpw, shfp¯ Xma-c-¸q-hp-
t]m-sebpw BIp-¶p. C{]-Imcw Bcv Adn- bp-¶pthm Ch¶v
Hcn-¡Â an¶Â an¶n-bX - p-t]m-se-bpÅ {io (Jym-Xn) D
­m-Ipw.
32. D]þ AYmX BtZtim t\Xn, t\Xn. \tly
Xkvam-Zn-Xnt\ Xy\yXv ]c-a-kvXn. AY \mat[
bw kXyky kXy-ao-X n. {]mWm ssh kXyw
tXjm-taj kXyw
A\-´cw BtZ-iw-þ-{_-Ò-¯nsâ \nÀt±-iw-þ-""C-{]-Im-c- \n\¡p hymJym-\n-¨p- X-cmw-þ-]- d- ªp- X- cmw. F¶m hymJym-
ap-Å-XÃ C{]-Im-c-ap-Å-XÃ'' F¶-Xm-Ip-¶p. ""C{]-Im-c-ap-Å- \n-¡p¶ Fsâ hmIy-§sf \o \nZn-[ym-k\w sNbvXp-sIm-
Xà F¶p- Å- Xn- s\-¡m IqSp- X- emb thsd \nÀt±- i\w CÃ- ÅWw; AXm-bXv AÀ°- \n-Ýbw hcp¯n [ym\n-¡p-hm³
tÃm. C\n, {_Ò-¯nsâ \ma-t[bw kXy-¯nsâ kXyw,'' CÑn¨p sImÅ-Ww.''
F¶-Xm-Ip-¶p. kXy-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv {]mW-§-fm-Ip-¶p. 37. D]þ ktlm-hm-Nþ- \ hm Atc, ]Xypx Imamb
B {]mW-§Ä¡p kXy-am-bn-«p-ÅXv CXm-Ip-¶p.
\memw {_mÒWw
33. D]þ ""ssat{Xbn'' Xntlm-hmN bmÚhmevIy
""DtZym-k y³ hm Atc - f la-k va mXv Øm\m-
Zkvan; l´ tX -f \bm Im Xym b\ym -f ´w
Ic-hmWo'' Xn
bmÚ-h- eI v y³ ""AÃtbm ssat{Xbn!'' F¶p hnfn-¨n«v
]dªp: ""tl! Rm³ Cu Øm\¯p \n¶vþ Cu KmÀl-
Øym-{i-a-¯nÂ\n¶v apI-fn t]mIp-¶-Xn\v B{K-l-ap-Å-
h-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Ct¸mÄ \n\¡p Cu ImXym-b-\n-tbmSv
A´-s¯-þ-kw-_-Ô- hn-tÑ-Zs¯ sN¿p-hm³'' t]mIp¶p.
34. D]þ k tlmhmN ssat{X-bnþ ""b¶p a Cbw K
`tKmx kÀhm-]r-Yn-ho-hn-t¯\ ]qÀWm kymXv
IYw tX\m-arXm kym'' anXn. t\ Xntlm hmN
bmÚ- h ev t Iym ""bssY- t hm- ] - I - c - W hXmw
PohnXw XssYh tX PohnXw kymXv, AarX-
Xky Xp \m f- f- imkvXn hnt¯t\'' Xn
B ssat{Xbn ]dªp:þ ""AÃtbm `K-hmt\! F\n¡v
Cu ]rYnhn apgp-h³ hn¯w-sIm­ ]qÀ×-bm-bn-XocpI-
bm-sW-¦n AXp-sIm­v Rm³ Aar-X-bm-bn-¯o-cptam?''.
bmÚ-h-eI v y³þ ""CÃ'' F¶p ]d-ªn«v ]dªp: ""D]-I-c-
W-§Ä DÅ- h-cpsS PohnXw F{]- Im-c-am-bn-cn-¡p-tam, AXp-
t]mse Xs¶ \nsâ Pohn-Xhpw Bbn-cn-¡pw. hn¯w- sIm-
­v-þ-hn-¯-km-²y-amb IÀ½w-sIm-­v-þ-A-ar-X-Xz-k-¼m-Z-\-¯n-
\m-Is« Bi-t]m-ep-anÃ''.
35. D]-þ -k m-tlm- h mN ssat{X-b n-þ ""-tb-\ mlw \m
arXm kymw, Inalw tX\- I pcymw? btZh
`Khm³ thZ, XtZh ta {]{_qlo'' Xn
B ssat{Xbn ]dªp:þ ""GXp-sIm­v Rm³ Aar-X-
bm-bn-¯o-cp-I-bn-Ã-tbm, AXp-sIm-­v-þB hn¯w-sIm­v
Rm³ F´p-sN¿pw? GXn-s\-bmtWm `K-h³ Adn-bp-¶Xv
AXn-s\-¯s¶ F\n¡p ]d-ªp-X-cnI'' F¶v.
36. D]þ tlmhmN bmÚ-hevIyxþ {]nbm _ Xmtc,
\x kXo {]nbw `mj-k , GlymÊz: hymJym-
kym-antX; hymN-£m-Wky Xp ta \n Zn[ym-k-
tkz-X n.
B bmÚ-hm-eI v y³ ]dªp:þ ""AÃtbm ssat{X-bo,
\o \ap¡p {]nb-bm-bn-cp-¶p. {]nb-am-bn-«p-Å-Xn-s\-þ-Nn-¯m-
\p-Iq-e-am-bn-«p-Å-Xns\ `mjWw sN¿p- ¶p. hcnI; Ccn-¡pI;
]Xnx {]ntbm `hXn; Bß-\kvX p Imamb ]
Xnx {]ntbm `h-X n, \ hm Atc, Pmbm ssb
Imamb Pmbm {]nbm `hXn; Bß-\kvXp Imam
b Pmbm-{]nbm `h-Xn. \hm Atc, ]p{XmWmw
Imamb ]p{Xmx {]nbm `h´n; Bß-\ kv X p
Imamb ]p{Xmx {]nbm `h-´ n. \ hm Atc,
hn¯ky Imamb hn¯w {]nbw `hXn; Bß-
\kvX p Imamb hn¯w {]nbw `h-Xn. \ hm
Atc {_ÒWx Imamb {_Ò {]nbw `hXn;
Bß-\ kvX p Imamb {_Ò {]nbw `h-X n. \
hm Atc, £¯vdky Imamb £¯vdw {]nbw
`h-Xn. Bß\kvX p Imamb £¯vd w {]nbw
`h-Xn. \ hm Atc, temIm\mw Imamb temImx
{]nbm `h´n; Bß\kvX p Imamb temImx

N P
 300

I {]nbm `h-´n. \ hm Atc, tZhm\mw Imamb 38. D]þ {_Ò Xw ]cm-Zm-tZym-\y{Xm f- -f ßt\m {_ K
tZhmx {]nbm `h´n; B ß - \ k vX p Imamb _Ò-th-Z. £{¯w Xw ]cm-ZmZv tbm f- \y{Xm-
tZhmx {]nbm `h´n. \ hm Atc `qXm\mw ß\x £Xv{Xw thZ temImkvXw ]cm-Zptcym f-
Imamb `qXm\n {]nbmWn `h´n; Bß-\kvXp \ym{Xm f- -f ßt\m temIm³ thZ. tZhmkvXw
Imamb `qXm\n {]nbmWn `h´n. \ hm Atc, ]cm-Zptcym f- \y {Xm f- f ßt\m tZhm³ thZ.
kÀhky Imamb kÀhw {]nbw `hXn; Bß- `qXm\n Xw ]cmZptcym - f \y{Xm - f-f ßt\m
\kvX p Imamb kÀhw {]nbw `h-Xn. Bßm `qXm\n thZ. kÀhw Xw ]cm-ZmZv tbm -f \y{Xm
hm Atc {Zãhyx t{imXthym a´thym \nZn- -f-f ß\x kÀhw thZ. CZw {_tÒZw £Xv{X
[ym-knX thym ssat{Xbn. Bßt\m hm Atc anta temIm Cta tZhm Cam\n _qXm-\ oZw
ZÀi-t\\ {ih-t W\ aXym hnÚmt\-t\Zw kÀhw bZ-am-ßm.
kÀhw hnZn-Xw. BcmtWm Bßm-hnÂ\n¶v A\y- ambn {_Ò-s¯-þ-{_m-
B bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]dªp:þ ""AÃbtbm ssat{Xbn: ÒW PmXn-sb-þ-A-dn-bp-¶-Xv, Ahs\ {_Ò-þ-{_m-Ò-W-Pm-Xn-
]Xn-bpsS Ima-¯n- \m-bn-«v-þ- {]-tbm-P-\-¯n-\m-bn«v AÃtÃm þ- ]p-cp-jmÀ°-¯nÂ\n¶v AI-ä pw. BcmtWm Bßm-
]Xn {]nb-\m-bn-cn¡p-¶-Xv. ]ns¶tbm Xsâ {]tbm-P-\-¯n- hnÂ\n¶p thsd-bmbn £{Xn-b-Pm-Xnsb Adn-b p-¶ Xv
\m-bn-«mWv ]Xn {]nb-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. AÃbtbm ssat{X- Ahs\ £Xv{Xnb-PmXn ]cm-I-cn-¡pw-þ-A-I-äpw. BcmtWm
bn, Pmb-bpsS {]tbm-P-\-¯n-\m-bn«v AÃtÃm Pmb {]nb- Bßm-hnÂ\n¶p thsd-bmbn temI-§sf Adn-bp-¶ -Xv,
Ahs\ temI-§Ä ]cm-I-cn-¡pw. BcmtWm Bßm-
bm-bn- cn-¡p-¶Xv; ]ns¶tbm Xsâ {]tbm-P-\-¯n-\m-bn-«mWv
hnÂ\n¶v A\y-cmbn tZh-·msc Adn-bp-¶-Xv, Ahs\ tZh-
Pmb {]nb-bm-bn-cp-¶-Xv. AÃtbm ssat{X-bn, ]p{X-·m-cpsS
·mÀ ]cm-Ic - n-¡pw. BcmtWm Bßm-hnÂ\n¶v A\y-§-
{]tbm-P-\-¯n-\m-bn«v AÃ-tÃm, ]p{X- ·mÀ {]n-b- ·m- cm- bn-cn-¡p-
fmbn `qX-§sf Adn-bp-¶Xv Ahs\ `qX- §Ä ssIh-ey-
¶Xv; ]ns¶tbm Xsâ {]tbm-P\ - -¯n-\m-bn-«mWv ]p{X-·mÀ
¯nÂ\n¶v AI-äpw. BcmtWm Bßm-hnÂ\n¶v A\y-
{]nb-·m-cm-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. AÃtbm ssat{Xbn hn¯-¯nsâ
ambn kÀÆ-t¯bpw Adn-bp-¶-Xv, Ahs\ kÀÆhpw ]pcp-
{]tbm-P-\¯ - n-\m-bn-«-ÃtÃm hn¯w {]nb-am-bn-cn-¡p¶Xv;
jmÀ°¯nÂ\n¶v AI-äpw. Cu {_mÒ-W-Pm-Xnbpw Cu
]ns¶tbm Bßm-hnsâ {]tbm-P-\-¯n- \m-bn-«mWv hn¯w
£Xv{Xnb PmXnbpw Cu temI-§epw Cu tZh-·m-cpw, Cu
{]nb-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. AÃtbm ssat{X-bn, {_mÒ-W-Pm-Xn-
`qX-§-fpw, Cu kÀÆ-hpw, Cu Bßmhv GtXm CXp-X-
bpsS {]tbm-P-\-¯n-\m-bn-«-ÃtÃm {_Ò-PmXn {]nb-am-bn-cn-
s¶bmWv.
¡p- ¶Xv; ]ns¶-tbm, Bßm-hnsâ {]tbm-P-\-¯n-\m- bn-«mWv
{_mÒ-W- PmXn {]nb-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. AÃtbm ssat{X-bn, 39. D]-þk bYmþZp-µp-t`Àl-\y-am-\ky \ _mlym
£¯vdnb PmXn-bpsS {]tbm-P\ - -¯n-\m-bn-«-ÃtÃm £¯vdn- Rv K_vZ mRv iIv\ p- b mZv {Kl-W mb; Zpµp-
b-PmXn {]nb-am-bn-cn-¡p¶Xv; Bßm-hnsâ {]tbm-P-\¯ - n- t`kv X p {Kl- t W- \ , Zpµp- ` ym- L m- X ky hm
\m-bn-«mWv £¯vdn-b-PmXn {]nb-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. AÃtbm i_vtZm KrloXx.
ssat{X-bn, temI-§-fpsS {]tbm-P-\-¯n-\m-bn-«-ÃtÃm temI- B Zrãm´w F§s\ F¶mÂ,þl-\y- am-\-am-b- þ-ZÞw
§Ä {]nb-Ifm-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv ; ]ns¶tbm Bßm-hnsâ apX-em-b-Xp-sIm-­pw ASn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-þZp-µp-`n-bpsS s]cp-¼-
{]tbm-P-\-¯n-\m-bn-«mWv temI-§Ä {]nb§fm-bn-cn-¡p-¶- d-bp-sS-þ-_m-ly-§- fmb i_vZ-§- sf- þ- _-lnÀ`q-X-§- fmb i_vZ-
Xv. AÃtbm ssat{X-bn, tZh-·m-cpsS {]tbm-P-\-¯n-\m-bn-«- hn-ti-j-§sf {Kln-¡p-¶-Xn\v Ign-I-bn-Ã. ]ns¶- tbm, Zpµp-
ÃtÃm tZh-·mÀ {]nb-·m-cm-bn-cn- ¡p-¶Xv; ]ns¶- tbm, Bßm- `n-bp-tS-tbm-þ-Zp-µp-`n-i-_vZ-km-am-\y-¯n-sâ-tbm, Zpµp-`n-bpsS
hnsâ {]-tbm-P-\¯ - n-\m-bn-«mWv tZh-·mÀ {]nb-·m-cm-bn-cn- BLm-X-¯n-sâtbm {Kl- W-¯m i_vZw-þ- i-_vZ-hn-tijw
¡p-¶Xv. AÃtbm ssat{X-bn, `qX-§-fpsS {]tbm-P-\-¯n- {Kln-¡-s¸-«-Xm-bn-¯o- cp-¶p.
\m-bn-«-ÃtÃm `qX- §Ä {]nb-§-fm-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xp ]ns¶tbm
40. D]þ k bYm iMvJky [vamb-am-\ky \ _m
Bßm- hnsâ {]tbm-P-\-¯n-\m- bn-«mWv `qX-§Ä {]nb-§-fm-
lymRv i_vZmRv iIv\p-bmZv {Kl-Wmb; iMv
bn-cn-¡p-´v. AÃtbm ssat{X- bn, kÀÆ-¯n-sâbpw {]tbm- Jky Xp {Kl-tW\ iMvJ-[vaky hm i_vtZm
P-\ -¯ n-\ m-b n-«-Ã tÃm kÀhhpw {]nb-a m-b n-c n-¡ p-¶ Xv; KrloXx
]ns¶tbm Bßm- h nsâ {]tbm- P - \ - ¯ n- \ m- b n- « mWv
kÀÆhpw {]nb-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶ Xv . AÃtbm ssat{X-bn, B Zrãm´w F§s\ F¶mÂ, DuX- s¸- Sp¶ iMvJnsâ
Bßmhp ZÀin- ¡-s¸-tS-­- Xpw, {ihn-¡-s¸-tS- ­- Xpw, a\\w _mly-§-fmb i_vZ-§sf _lnÀ`q-X-§-fmb i_vZ-hn-ti-
sN¿-s¸-tS-­-Xpw, \nZn-[ym-k\w sN¿-s¸-tS- ­Xpw BIp- j-§sf {Kln-¡p-¶-Xn\v Ign-I-bn-Ã. ]ns¶- tbm, iMvJn-tâ-
¶p. AÃtbm ssat{X-bn, Bß-mhnsâ ZÀi-\w-sIm-­pw, tbm, iMvJ i_vZ-km-am-\y-¯n-sâ-tbm, iMvJw DuXp-¶-
{ih-Ww-sIm-­ pw, hnÚm-\w-sIm-­pw, a\-\w- sIm­pw Xn-s âtbm {Kl-W-¯m i_vZw, iwJ-i-_v Z-¯nsâ
CsXÃmw hnZn-X- am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Adn-b-s¸-«-Xm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. hntijw {Kln-¡-s¸-«-Xm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.

N P

I 41. D]-þk bYm-þ-ho-Wmssb hmZy-am-\m-ssb \
_mlymRv i_vZmRv iIv\ p-bmZv {Kl-W mb.
hoWmssb Xp{K-l-tW-\, hoWm-hm-Zky hm i
_vtZm KrloXx
AXp F§s\ F¶mÂ, hmZ\w sN¿-s¸-Sp¶ hoW-
bpsS _lnÀ`q-X- §-fmb i_vZ-hn-ti-j-§sf {Kln-¡p-¶-
Xn\v Ign-bp-I-bn-Ã. ]ns¶tbm, hoW-bp-sStbm hoWm-hm-Z-
\-¯n-sâtbm {Kl-W-¯m i_vZw, hoWm-i-_vZ-hn-tijw
{Kln-¡-s¸-«-Xm-bn-¯o- cp-¶p.
42. D]-þ k bYm -f -f Àss{Z [mtá-c -` ym-l n-X mXv
]rYKv [qam hn\n-Ým-c-t´yhw hm Atc f- ky
altXm `qXky \niz-kn-X -ta-XZv bZr-tKz-tZm,
bPq ÀtÆZx, kma-thtZm - f YÀÆmw MvK nc-k ,
CXnlm kx, ]pcm- W w, hnZym, D]- \ n- j Zx,
tÇmImx, kq{Xm-Wy.\p hymJym-\m-\n, hymJym-
\m-\yssky sshXm\n \niz-kn-Xm\n
B Zrãm´w F§s\ F¶mÂ, Iq«-s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶ ]¨-
hn-d-tIm-Sp-Iq-Snb Aán-bn \n¶v ]e {]Im-c-¯n [qa-
§Ä F§s\ ]pd-s¸-Sp-¶p-thm, C{]-Imcw Xs¶ AÃtbm
ssat{X- bn, Cu al-¯mb `qX-¯nsâ \niz-kn- X-am- Wv, EtKz- 44. D]þ k bYm sskÔ-h-Jney DZtI {]mkvX
Z-sa-¶pw, bPqÀtÆ- Z-sa-¶pw, kma-th-Z-sa-¶pw, AYÀÆm-MK
c-k-sa-¶pw, CXn-lm-k-sa-¶pw, ]pcm-Ws - a- ¶pw, hnZy-I-sf-
¶pw, D]-\n-j¯ - p-Is
- f-¶pw, tÇmI-§-sf-¶pw, kq{X- §-sf-
¶pw, A\p-hym-Jym-\-§-sf-¶pw, hymJym-\-§-sf¶pw DÅ-
Xv, Ch Cu al-¯mb `qX-¯n-sâ-Xs¶ \niz-kn-X-§-fm-
Ip-¶p.
43. D]þ k bYm-þ-kÀÆ-k m-a]mw kap{Z GImb
\tahw kÀÆjmw kv]Àim\mw XztK-Im-b \w;
Ghw kÀtÆjmw KÔm\mw \mkntI GIm-b\w;
Ghw kÀtÆjmw ckm\mw Pnsslz-Im-b\w;
Ghw kÀtÆjmw cq]mWmw N£p-cm-Im-b\w;
Ghw kÀtÆjmw f_vZm\mw t{im{X-ta-Im-b\w;
Ghw kÀtÆjmw k¦-ev]m\mw a\ GIm-bm\w;
Ghw kÀÆmkw hnZym\mw lrZ-b-ta-Im-b\w;
Ghw kÀtÆjmw IÀ½Wmw lkvXm-th-Im-b\w;
Ghw kÀtÆ-j m-am-\ -µm-\m-ap-]Ø GIm-b \w;
Ghw kÀtÆjmw hnkÀ¤mWmw ]mbp-tc-Imb
\w Ghw kÀth-jm-a-[z\mw ]mZm-th-Im-b\w;
Ghw ZkÀthjmw thZm\mw hmtK-Im-b\w
{]fb {]ZÀi-\-¯n-\m-bpÅ Zrãm´w ]d-bp-¶p. GXp
{]Im-c-amtWm FÃm A¸p-IÄ¡pw kap-{Zw, Pekmam\yw
GIm-b-\-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xvþ- -Htc Hcp {]f-b-Øm-\-am-bn-cn-¡p- Aew hm Ac CZw hnÚm-\mb''
¶-X,v A{]-Imcw FÃm kv]Ài-§Ä¡pw, Xz¡v-þ-Xz-Kzn-j-b-
amb kv]Ài-\k - m-am-\yw, GIm-b-\a - m-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw amb CXnÂXs¶ kwÚ CÃ, F¶p ]dªv `K-hm³
FÃm KÔ-§Ä¡pw \mkn-IÄ-þ- {Lm-W-hn-j-b-km-am-\yw, Fs¶ tamln-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. bmÚ-ev¡y³ ]dªp:þ
N P
301
GIm-b-\a - m-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw FÃm ck-§Ä¡pw Pnlz-þ- K
Pn-tlz-{µnb hnjb kmam-\yw, GIm-b- \-am-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw
FÃm cq]-§Ä¡pw N£p-Êv-þ- N-£p-hn- j-b- km-am-\yw, GIm-
b-\-am- Ip- ¶p. C{]-Imcw FÃm i_vZ-§Ä¡pw t{im{Xw- þ-t{im-
{X-hn-j-b-km-am-\yw, GIm-b-\-am-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw FÃm
k¦-e] v -§Ä¡pw a\-Ê-vþ-a-t\m-hn-j-b-km-am-\yw, GIm-b-\-
am-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw FÃm hnZy-IÄ¡pw lrZbw _p²n-hn-
j-b-km-am-\yw, GIm-b-\-am-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw FÃm BZm-\-
hn-ti-j-§Ä¡pw lkvX-§Ä-þ-l-kX v -hn-j-b-km-am-\y-amb
BZm\ kmam-\yw, GIm-b-\-am-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw FÃm hnZy-
IÄ¡pw lrZbw _p²n-hn-j-b-km-am-\yw. GIm-b-\a - m-Ip-
¶p. C{]-Imcw FÃm BZmb hnti- j- §Ä¡pw lkvX§Ä-
þ-l-kvXh - n-j-b-km-am-\y-amb BZmb kmam-\yw, GImb\-
am-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw FÃm B\-µ-§Ä¡pw D]-Øw-þ- B-\-
µ-km-am\yw GIm-b-\-am-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw FÃm hnkÀK-
§Ä¡pw ]mbpþ hnkÀK-km-am-\yw, GIm-b-\-am-Ip-¶p.
C{]-Imcw FÃm Ka-\-§Ä¡pw ]mZ-§Ä-þ-K-a-\-km-am-\yw,
GIm- b- \- am-Ip- ¶p. C{]-Imcw FÃm thZ-§Ä¡pw-þ-FÃm hZ-
\-hn-ti-j-§Ä¡pw hm¡v -þ-hZ- -\k - m-am-\yw, GIm-b\ - -am-
Ip-¶p.
v n- DZ-I-ta-hm-\p-hn-e o-tbX; \lm-tkymZv {KlWm
bkym- X v , btXm- b - X - k v X zm- Z - Z oX eh- W - t ah
Ghw hm Ac CZw alZv `qX- a - \ - µ -a - ] mcw
hnÚ m- \ - L \ G h, G tX t` ym ` qtX ` yx
kapØmb Xmt\y-hm\p hn\-iyXn; \ t{]Xy-
kwÚm -f kvX oXytc {_ho-aoXn tlmhmN
bmÚhev¡yx
AXv F§s\ F¶m ""Pe-¯n {]mkvX-am-b-þ- {]-£n-
]vX-am-b, sskÔ- h-Jn-eywþ D¸p-I-jWw DZ- I-¯nsâ ]n¶m-
se-Xs¶ hne-bn-¡p-¶p. Cu sskÔ-h-Jn-ey-¯nsâ DZv{K-
l-W-¯n- \vþap-t¼-bpÅ ØnXn-bn-epÅ {Kl-W-¯n-\-vþ- H-cp-
h\pw ià-\m-I-bn-Ã. F¶m FhnsS FhnsS \n¶v
BZm\w sN¿p-¶p-thm-þF- S p¯p cqNn-¨p-t\m-¡p-¶pthm,
Ahn-sS-b-hnsS D¸p-Xs¶ Bbn-cn-¡pw. C{]-Imcw Xs¶,
AÃtbm ssat{X-bn, Cu al-¯mb `qXw, A\-´hpw
B]m-chpw Bb hnÚm-\-L\w Xs¶ Cu `qX- §- fn#-\n¶v
kap-°m\w sNbvXn-«v, Ah-bpsS ]n¶m-se-Xs¶ hn\m-
is¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. t{]X-\m-b-Xnsâ tijw kwÚ-þ-hn-
ti-j- W-kwÚ CÃ. F¶v AÃtbm ssat{X-bn, Rm³ ]d-
bp-¶p.'' F¶v bmÚ-h-ev¡y³ ]d-ªp.
45. D]þ kmtlm-hmN ssat{X-boþ ""Ass{X-ham `K-
hm-\-aq-ap-l¶ t{]Xy-kwÚm -f kvXoXn.'' k
tlmhm-Nþ ""\ hm Ac Alw tamlw {_hoan.
ssat{Xbn ]dªp:- acn-¨-Xnâ-tijw hnÚm-\L
- -\-
 302
I ""AÃtbm ssat{X-bo, Rm³ taml-s¯-þ-tam-l-P-\-I-amb
hmIys¯ ]d-bp-¶n- Ã, Cu al- ¯mb `qXw hnÚm-\-¯n\v
aXn-bm-Ipw.''
46. D]þ b{X ln ssZzX-anh `hXn XZn-Xc PXcw
Pn{LXn XZn-Xc - -C-Xcw ]iy-Xn, XZn-Xc - -C Xcw
irtWm-Xn, XZn-X-c-C-X-c-a-`o-h-ZXn XZn-Xc CXcw
a\p-tX, XZn-X-c-C-Xcw hnPm-\m-Zn. b{Xhm Aky
kÀh-am-ssßhm `qXv, XXv. tI\Iw Pnt{LXv?,
XXv tI\Iw ]tiyXv XXv tI\Iw irWp-bmXv?
XXv tI\-I-`n-h-tZXv? XXv tI\Iw a\zoX? XXv
tI\Iw hnPm-\o-bmXv? tb t\Zw kÀhw hnPm-
\mXn Xw tI\ hnPm\nbmXv? hnÚm-Xm-c-atc
tI\ hnPm-\o-bmXv? CXn.
GXp Jney-`m-h-¯nÂ, GXp Imc-W-¯m ssZzXw-
t]mse D­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm-þ-Im-W-s¸-Sp-¶p-thmþ BJn-ey-
`m-h-¯n B Imc- W-¯mÂ, CX-c-\m-b-{Lm- Xmhv CX- c-amb
{LmW-hn-j- bs¯ {LmWn- ¡p- ¶p. B Jney- `m-h- ¯n CX-
c-\mb {`ãmhv CX-c-amb N£p-hn-j-bs¯ ImWp-¶p. B
Jney- `m-h-¯n CX-c-\mb t{imXmhv CX-c-amb i_vZs¯
{ihn-¡p-¶p. B Jney-`m-h¯ - n CX-c-\mb hàmhv CX-c-
amb hà-hys¯ A`n-h-Zn-¡p-¶p. B Jney-`m-h-¯n CX-
c-\mb a´mhv CX-c-amb a´-hys¯ a\\w sN¿p-¶p. B
Jney-` m-h -¯ n CX-c -\ mb hnÚm-X mhp CX-c -a mb
hntÚ-bs¯ Adn- bp-¶p. Ft¸m-gmtWm Ch-\v-þCu {_Ò-
hn-¯n-\v-þ- FÃmw Bßm-hp-X-s¶-bmbn Xocp-¶Xv At¸mÄ
GXp Ic-Ww-sIm­v GXp hnj-b s¯ {LmWn¡pw?
At¸mÄ GXp Ic-Ww- sIm­v GXp hnj- bs¯ ZÀin¡pw?
At¸mÄ GXp Ic-Ww-sIm­v GXp hnj- bs¯ {ihn¡pw?
At¸mÄ GXp Ic-Ww-sIm­v GXp hnj-bs¯ A`n-h-
Zn¡pw? At¸mÄ GXp Ic-Ww-sIm­v GXp hnj-bs¯
a\\w sN¿pw? At¸mÄ GXp Ic-Ww- sIm­v GXp hnj-
bs¯ Adnbpw? GXp IqS-Ø-t_m-Z-¯m hym]vX-am-bn«p
Cu kÀÆ-t¯bpw Adn-bp-¶p-thm, B km£nsb GXp
Ic-Ww-sIm­v Adnbpw? AÃtbm ssat{X-bn, hnÚm-Xm-
hns\ GXp Ic-Ww- sIm­v Adnbpw?
A©mw {_mÒWw
47. D]þ Cbw ]rYnho kÀthjmw `qXm\mw [p;
Assky ]rYnsshy kÀhmWn `qXm\n a[p;
b Ýmb-akymw ]rYnhymw tXtPm-atbm f- arX-
abx ]pcp-tjm, bÝm-a -² ymßw imco- c -k vtX-
tPmatbm -f arX-abx ]pcptjm -f btah k
tbm f- bam tß Za-ar-X, anZw {_tÒ, Zw kÀhw
Cu ]rYnh FÃm `qX-§-fp-tSbpw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu
]rYn-hn-bn tXtPm-a-b\pw Aar-X-a-b\pw Bb Cu ]pcp-
j³ Btcm Ah\pw FÃm `qX-§-fp-sSbpw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p.
FÃm `qX§fpw Ch-sâbpw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. A[ym-ß-ambn
N P
ico-c¯- n ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-h\pw tXtPm-a-b\pw Aar-X-a-K
b-\p-amb Cu ]pcp-j³ GtXm Ah\pw FÃm `qX-§fp-
tSbpw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. FÃm `qX-§fpw Ch-sâbpw a[p-hm-
Ip-¶p. Cu Bßm-sh-¶Xv GtXm AXv CXp-X-s¶. Aar-X-
sa¶p ]d-ªXv þ Aar-X-Xz-km-[-\-amb Bß-hn-Úm\w
CXm-Ip-¶p. {_Ò-sa-¶Xv CXm-Wv. kÀhm-]Xv n-km-[-\-amb
{_Ò-hn-Úm\w CXm-Ip-¶p.
48. D]þ Cam B]x kÀthjmw `qXm\mw a[p.
Bkm-a]mw kÀhmWn `qXm-\n-a[p bÝmb am
kz]v k p tXtPm- a tbm - f arX- a bx ]pcpjx
bÝmb a²ymßw sscX-k -k vtX-tPm-atbm f-
arX-abx ]pcp jx; Ab-ta-h-ktbm -f bamßm;
CZ-a-arXw; CZw {_Ò; CZw kÀhw
Cu A¸p-IÄ FÃm `qX- §-fp- tSbpw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. FÃm
`qX- §fpw Cu A¸p-I-fpsS a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu A¸p-I-fnÂ
tXtPm-a-b\pw Aar-X-a-b\pw Bb Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm,
Ah\pw FÃm `qX-§-fp-tSbpw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. FÃm `qX-
§fpw Ch-sâbpw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. A[ym-ß-ambn tcX-ÊnÂ
ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-h\pw tXtPm-a-b\pw Aar-X- a-b-\p-amb Cu
]pcp-j³ Btcm Ah\pw FÃm `qX-§-fp-tSbpw a[p-hm-Ip-
¶p. FÃm `qX-§fpw Ch-sâbpw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu
Bßmhv GtXm AXv CXp-Xs¶ BIp-¶p. Aar-Xw- þ- A-ar-
X-Xz-km-[-\-a mb Bß-hn-Úm-\w- þ-C-Xm-Wv. {_Ò-sa-¶Xv
CXm-W.v kÀÆw-þ-kÀÆm-]X v n-km-[-\-amb {_Ò-hn-Úm-\w-þ-
C-Xm-Ip-¶p.
49. D]-þ-A-b-aánx kÀthjmw `qXm\mw a[p. A
kymtáx kÀhmWn `qXm\n a[p. bÝm-b-akvan
¶áu tXtPm- a tbm - f arX- a bx ]pcp- t jm,
bÝmb a[ymßw hmMva- b -k v tX-t Pm-a tbm f-
arX-abx ]pcp jx. Ab-ta-h k tbm -f bam-
ßm, CZ-a-ar-Xw, CZw {_Ò, CZw kÀÆw.
Cu Aán FÃm `qX-§-fp-tSbpw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. FÃm
`qX- §fpw Cu Aán-bpsS a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu Aán-bnÂ
tXtPm-a-b\pw Aar-X-a-b\ - p-amb Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm
Ah\pw FÃm `qX-§-fp-tSbpw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. FÃm `qX-
§fpw Ch-sâbpw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. A[ym-ß-ambn hmMva-b-
\pw, tXtPm-a-b-\pw, Aar-X-a-b\pw Bb Cu ]pcp-j³
Btcm Ah-\pw FÃm `qX-§-fp-tSbpw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p.-FÃm
`qX-§fpw Ch-sâbpw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu Bßmhv GtXm
AXv CXp- X-s¶. Aar-X-Xz-km-[-\- amb Bß-hn- Úm\w CXm-
Ip-¶p. {_Òw CXm-Ip-¶p. kÀÆm-]vXn-km-[-\-amb {_Ò-
hn-Úm\w CXm-Ip-¶p.
50. D]-þ -Abw hmbpx kÀtÆjmw `qXm\mw a[p.
Akyhmtbmx kÀhmWn `qXm\n a[p. bÝm-
ba [ymßw {]mW-kv tX-tPm-atbm f- arX- abx
]pcpjx, Ab-tah k tbm -f bamßm; CZ-a-
arXw; CZw{_ Ò; CZw kÀÆw
 303

I Cu hmbp FÃm `qX-§-fp-tSbpw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. FÃm 53. D]- þ -A bw N{µx kÀtÆjmw `qXm\mw a[p; K
`qX- §fpw Cu hmbp-hnsâ a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu hmbp-hn Aky N{µky kÀÆmWn `qXm\n a[p; bÝm-
tXtPm-a-b\pw Aar-X-a-b\ - p-amb Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm b-akva nwÝt{µ tXtPm-atbm -f arX-abx ]pcp-
Ah\pw FÃm `qX-§-ep-tSbpw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. FÃm `qX- tjm, bÝmb a[ymßw am\-k-kvtX-tPm-atbm -
§fpw Ch-sâbpw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. A²ym-ß-ambn {]mW-\m- f arX-abx ]pcpjx, Ab-tah ktbm -f bam-
bn-cn-¡p¶ tXtPm-a-b-\pw, Aar-X-a-b-\p-amb Cu ]pcp-j³ ßm, CZ-a-ar-Xw, CZw {_Ò, CZw kÀÆw.
Btcm Ah\pw FÃm `qX-§Ä¡pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. FÃm
Cu N{µ³ FÃm `qX-§Ä¡pw a[p-hm-Ip- ¶p. FÃm `qX-
`qX- §fpw Ch\pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu Bßhv GtXm AXv
§-fpw Cu N{µ\p a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu N{µ-\n tXtPm-a-
CXp-Xs¶; Cu \membn ]d-ª-Xp-Xs¶; BIp-¶p. Aar-
b\pw Aar-X-a-b\- p-amb Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm Ah\pw
X-Xz-tl-Xp-hmb Bß-hn-Úm-\w, {_Òw, Cu \mep-hn-[-
FÃm `qX- §Ä¡pw a[p- hm-Ip- ¶p. FÃm `qX- §fpw Ch¶pw
¯n- epÅ Iev]-\bv¡p A[n-jvTm-\-am-bn-«p-Å-Xm-Ip-¶p.
a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. A[ym-ß-ambn a\-Ên ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶,
kÀÆm-]X v - km-[-\-amb {_Ò-hn-Úm\w CXm-Ip-¶p.
tXtPm-a-b\pw Aar-X-a-b\ - p-amb Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm
51. D]-þ -A -b -am-ZnXyx kÀtÆjmw `qXm\mw a[px Ah\pw FÃm `qX- §Ä¡pw a[p-hm- Ip-¶p. FÃm `qX- §fpw
Akym f- -f ZnXy ky kÀhmWn `qXm\n a[p. Ch¶pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu Bßmhv GtXm AXv CXp-X-
b Ýmb-a-kvan-¶m-ZntXy tXtPm-atb f- arX-abx s¶. Aar-X-km-[-\ -amb Bß-hn-Úm\w CXm-Ip-¶p.
]pcp tjm, bÝm-b-a-[ymßw N£p-j-kvtX-tPm- {_Òw CXm-Wv. kÀÆm]vXn km[-\-amb {_Ò- hn-Úm- \hpw
atbm -f arXabx ]pcpjx Ab-tah k tbm -f CXp-X-s¶.
bamßm; CZ-aarX; CZw {_Ò; CZw kÀÆw.
54. D]-þ-Cbw hnZypXv kÀthjmw `qXm\mw a[px
Cu BZn-Xy³ FÃm `qX- -§Ä¡pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. FÃm Assky hnZypXx kÀhmWn `qXm\n a[p.
`qX-§fpw Cu BZn-Xy\pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu BZn-Xy-\n bÝmb-akymw hnZypXn tXtPm-atbm -f arX-abx
tXtPm-a-b\pw Aar-X-a-ba
- -\p-amb Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm ] pc ptj m, bi vN mb a[ ymß w s s X P- k -
Ah\pw FÃm `qX- §Ä¡pw a[p-hm- Ip-¶p. FÃm `qX- §fpw kvtXtPmatbm f- arX-abx ]pcpjx; Ab-ta-hk
Ch¶pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. A[ym-ß- ambn N£p-Ên ØnXn tbm -f bamßm; CZ-a-a rXw; CZw-{_Ò; CZw
sN¿p-¶, tXtPm-a-b\pw Aar-X-a-b\pw Bb Cu ]pcp-j³ kÀhw
Btcm Ah\pw FÃm `qX-§Ä¡pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. FÃm
Cu hnZyp¯v FÃm `qX- §Ä¡pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. FÃm
`qX- §fpw Ch¶pw a[p-hm- Ip-¶p. Cu Bßmhv GtXm AXv
`qX- §fpw Cu hnZyp-¯n\p a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu hnZyp-¯nÂ
CXp-X-s¶. Aar-Xw-þ-A-ar-X-Xz-km-[-\-amb Bß-hn-Úm\w
tXtPm-a-b\pw Aar-X-a-b\- p-amb Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm
CXm-Ip-¶ p. {_Òw CXm-Ip-¶ p. kÀÆm-]vXn-km-[-\-amb
Ah\pw FÃm `qX- §Ä¡pw a[p-hm- Ip-¶p. FÃm `qX- §fpw
{_Ò-hn-Úm\w CXm-W.v
Ch\pw a[p-hm-Ip- ¶p. A[ym-ß-ambn Xz¡n-epÅ tXP-ÊnÂ
52. D]þ Cam Znix kÀth-hjmw `qXm\mw a[p; B ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ tXtPm-abpw Aar-X-a-b-\p-amb Cu ]pcp-
kmw Znimw kÀÆmWn `qXm\n a[p; bÝm-bam j³ Btcm Ah\pw FÃm `qX-§Ä¡pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p.
kpZn£p tXtPm-atbm -f arX-abx ]pcptjm b FÃm `qX-§fpw Ch¶pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu Bßmhv
Ýmb a[ymßw {iu{Xx {]Xn-{ip-XvI-kvtX-tPm- GtXm AXv Aar-X-Xz-km-[-\a- mb Bß-hn-Úm\w BIp-
atbm -f arXabx ]pcpjx; Ab-ta-h -ktbm -f ¶p. {_Òw CXm-Ip-¶p. kÀÆm]vXn km[-\-amb {_Ò-hn-
bamßm; CZ aarXw; CZw {_Ò; CZw kÀÆw Úm\w CXm-W.v
Cu Zn¡p-IÄ FÃm `qX-§Ä¡pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. FÃm 55. D]þ Abw kvX\-bnXv\px kÀthjmw `qXm\mw
`qX-§fpw Cu Zn¡p-IÄ¡pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu Zn¡p-I- a[p; Aky kvX\-bnXvt\m; kÀhmWn `qXm\n
fn tXtPm-a-b\pw Aar-X-a- b-\p-amb Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm, a[ p bÝ mb ak van³ k vX \ - b nX v\ u
Ah\pw FÃm `qX-§Ä¡pa a[p- hm- Ip- ¶p. FÃm `qX- §epw tXtPmatbm -f arX-abx ]pcp-tjm, bÝm-b-a-
Ch¶pw a[p-hm- Ip- ¶p. A[ym- ß- ambn t{im{X- ¯n kvXnXn- [ymßw im_vZx kuh-ckvtXtPmatbm f- arX-
sN-¿p-¶-h-\pw, {]mXn-{ip-Xn-I\
- pw- þ-{]-Xn-{ip-Xn-I-bnÂ, AXm- abx ]pcpjx Ab-tah k tbm -f bmam-ß m,
bXv {]Xn-{i-h-W-th-f-bnÂ, hnti-jn¨p k¶n-ln-X-\m-bn-cn- CZ-a-ar-Xw, CZw {_Ò, CZw kÀhw
¡p-¶-h-\pw-þ-Bb tXtPm-a-b-\pw, Aar-X-a-b\ - p-amb Cu
Cu kvX \-bnXv\ p AYhm ]ÀP-\ y³ FÃm `qX-
]pcp-j³ Btcm Ah\pw FÃm `qX-§Ä¡pw a[p-hm-Ip-
§Ä¡pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. FÃm `qX- §fpw Cu Cu kvX\-
¶p. FÃm `qX-§fpw Ch¶pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu Bßmhv
bn-Xv\p-hn¶v a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu kvX\-bn-Xv\p-hn tXtPm-
GtXm AXv Xs¶-bm-Wv, Aar-X-Xz-km-[\ - -amb Bß-hn-
a-b\pw Aar-X-a-b\ - p-amb Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm Ah\pw
Úm\w. {_Òw CXm-Ip¶p? kÀÆm-]vXn-km- [-\-amb {_Ò-
FÃm `qX- §Ä¡pw a[p- hm-Ip-¶p. FÃm `qX-§fpw Ch\pw
hn-Úm\w CXm-Ip-¶p.

N P
 304

I a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. A[ym-X-va-ambn kzc-¯n hnti-jn¨v k¶n- Ch¶pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. A[ym-ß-ambn kXy-¯n ØnXn- K
ln-X-\m-bpw, i_vZ-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-X-h-\mbpw Ccn- sN-¿p¶ tXtPm-a-b\pw Aar-X-a-b\ - p-amb Cu ]pcp-j³
¡p¶ tXtPm-a-b\pw Aar- X- a-b-\p-amb Cu ]pcp- j³ Btcm Btcm Ah¶pw FÃm `qX-§Ä¡pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. FÃm
Ah\pw FÃm `qX- §Ä¡pw a[p-hm- Ip-¶p. FÃm `qX- §fpw `qX-§fpw Ch\pw a[p- hm- Ip- ¶p. Cu Bßmhv GtXm AXv,
Ch\pw a[p-hm-Ip¶p. Cu Bßm-hv, Aar-X-Xz-km-[-\-amb Aar- X- ¯z-km-[-\-amb Bß- hn- Úm\w BWv. {_Òw CXm-
Bß-hn-Úm-\w, CXm-Ip-¶p. {_Òw CXm-Ip-¶p. kÀÆm- Ip-¶p. kÀhm-]vXn-km-[-\-amb {_Ò-hn-Úm\w CXm-W.v
]vXn-km-[-\-amb {_Ò-hn-Úm\w CXm-Ip-¶p.
59. D]-þ-CZw am\pjw kÀthjmw `qXm\mw a[p.
56. D]þ Ab-am-Imix kÀthjmw `qXm\mw a[p;, Aky am\p- j ky kÀhmWn `qXm\n a[p.
Akym f- f- Imiky kÀhmWn `qXm\n a[p; bÝmb-a-kvan³ am\ptj tXtPm-atbm f- arX-
b Ýmb-a-kvan-¶m-Imti tXtPm-atbm -f arX- abx ]pcptjm-b-Ým-b-a-[ymßw tXtPm-atbm f-
abx ]p cptjm, bÝm-b-a-[ymßw lrZym-Im-i- arX-abx ]pcpj; Ab-tah k tbm f- bamßm;
kvtX-tPma tbm -f arX-abx ]pcpj Ab-ta-h- CZ-a-arXw; CZw {_Ò CZw kÀhw
ktbm -f bam ßm; CZ-a-arXw; CZw {_Ò CZw
Cu a\p-jm-Zn-PmXn FÃm `qX-§Ä¡pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p.
kÀhw
FÃm `qX- §fpw Cu am\p-jm-Zn-Pm-Xn¡v a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu
Cu BImiw FÃm `qX-§Ä¡pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. FÃm am\p-jm-Zn-Pm-Xn-bn tXtPm-a-b\pw Aar-X- a-b-\p-amb Cu
`qX-§-fpw Cu BIm-i-¯n\pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu BIm-i- ]pcp-j³ Btcm Ah\pw FÃm `qX-§Ä¡pw a[p-hm-Ip-
¯n DÅ tXtPm-a-b\pw Aar-X-a-b-\p-amb Cu ]pcp-j³ ¶p. FÃm `qX-§fpw Ch\pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. A[ym-ß-ambn
Btcm Ah-\pw, A[ym-ß-ambn lrZ-b¯ - n-epÅ BIm-i- tXtPm-a-b-\pw, Aar-X-a-b\
- p-amb Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm
amb tXtPm-a-b-\pw, Aar- X-a- b-\p- amb Cu ]pcpj³ Btcm Ah\pw FÃm `qX- §Ä¡pw a[p-hm- Ip-¶p. FÃm `qX- §fpw
Ah-\pw, Cu Bßmhv GtXm AXv CXp-X-s¶. Aar-X-Xz- Ch\pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu Bßmhv Aar-X-Xz-km-[-\a - mb
- mb Bß-hn-Úm\w CXm-W.v {_Òw CXm-Ip-¶p. Bß-hn-Úm\w BIp-¶p. {_Òw CXm-Ip-¶p. kÀhm-]X
km-[-\a v n-
kÀhm-]X v n-km-[-\-amb {_Ò-hn-Úm\w CXm-Ip-¶p. km-[-\-amb {_Ò-hn-Úm\w CXm-W.v
57. D]-þ -A bw [À½x kÀthjmw `qXm\mw a[px 60. D]- þ - A - b - a mßm kÀthjmw `qXm\mw a[p
Aky-[À½ky kÀhmWn `qXm\n a[p bÝm Akym -f -f ß\x kÀhmWn `qXm\n a[p. b
ba- k v a n³ [Àt½ tXtPm- a tbm - f arX- a bx Ýmb-a -kvan-¶m-ßm\n tXtPm-atbm -f arX-abx
]pcptjm, bÝm- b - a -[ ymßw [À½- k v t X- t Pm- ]p tcmtjm; bÝm-b-amßm tXtPm-atbm -f arX-
atbm -f arXabx ]pcpjx, Ab-tah ktbm -f abx ]pcpjx; Ab-tah k tbm f- bamßm; CZ-
bamßm: CZaarXw; CZw-{_Ò; CZw kÀhw a-arXw; CZw {_Ò CZw kÀhw
Cu [À½w FÃm `qX- §Ä¡pw a[p- hm-Ip- ¶p. FÃm `qX- Cu Bßmhv FÃm `qX§Ä¡pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. FÃm
§fpw Cu [À½-¯n\pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu [À½-¯n `qX- §fpw Cu Bßm- hn¶pw a[p- hm-Ip- ¶p. Cu Bßm-hnÂ
tXtPm-a-b\pw Aar-X-a-b-\p-amb Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm Ah- tXtPm-a-b\pw Aar-X-a-b\pw Bb Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm
\pw, A[ym-ß-ambn [À½-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ tXtPm-a- Ah\pw FÃm `qX- §Ä¡pw a[p-hm- Ip-¶p. FÃm `qX- §fpw
b\pw Aar-X-a-b\ - p-amb Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm Ah\pw Ch\pw a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Bßm-hmb tXtPm-a-b\pw Aar-X- a-
FÃm `qX- §Ä¡pw a[p- hm-Ip- ¶p. FÃm `qX- §fpw Ch¶pw b-\p-amb Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm Ah\pw FÃm `qX-§Ä¡pw
a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu Bßmhv GtXm AXv CXp-Xs¶ BIp- a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu Aßmhv GXv, AXv, Aar-X-Xz-km-[\ - -
¶p. Aar-X- Xz-km-[-\-amb Bß-hn- Úm\w CXm-W.v {_Òw amb Bßm- hn-Úm\w BIp- ¶p, {_Òw CXm- Ip- ¶p. kÀhm-
CXm-W.v kÀÆm]vXn km[-\-amb {_Ò-hn-Úm\w CXm-W.v ]vXn-km-[-\-amb {_Ò-hn-Úm\w CXm-Ip-¶p.
58. D]þ CZx kXyw kÀthjmw `qXm\mw a[p. 61. D]þ k hm Ab-amßm kÀthjmw `qXm-\ma
A k y k X yk y kÀ hmW n ` qX m\ n a[ p. [n]Xnx, kÀtÆjmw `qXm-\mw-cmPm XZy-Ym-þ-cY
bÝmba-kvan³ ktXy tXtPm-atbm f- Aar-X- \m`u N cY-t\-au-N mcmx kÀth kaÀ]nXmx
abx ]pcptjm bÝm-b-a-[ ymßw kmXy-k vtX- Gh- t a- h m- k v a n- ¶ m- ß \n kÀhmWn `qXm- \ n,
tPm-atbm -f arX-abx ]pcpjx Ab-tah k tbm kÀth tZhmx, kÀth-temImx kÀth {]mWmx;
f- bamßm CZ-a-arX; anZw {_tÒ, Zw kÀhw kÀh GX Bßm\x kaÀ]nXmx.
Cu kXyw FÃm `qX- §Ä¡pw a[p- hm-Ip-¶p. FÃm `qX- C§-s\-bpÅ Cu Bßmhv FÃm `qX- §-fp-tSbpw A[n-
§fpw Cu kXy-¯n\p a[p-hm-Ip-¶p. Cu kXy-¯n ]-Xn-bpw, FÃm `qX-§-fp-sSbpw cmPmhpw BIp-¶p. AXv
tXtPm-a-b\pw Aar-X-a-b\
- p-amb Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm F§ns\ F¶mÂ, cY-N-{I-¯nsâ \m`nbnepw cY-N-{I-
Ah\pw FÃm `qX- §Ä¡pw a[p-hm- Ip-¶p. FÃm `qX- §fpw ¯nsâ t\a-bnepw Bc-¡m-ep-I-sfÃmw kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-

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 305

I ¡p-¶p-­tÃm; A{]-Imcw Xs¶ Cu Bßm-hn FÃm `qX- ]pcp-j³ FÃm ]pc-§-fnepw ]pc-¯n ibn-¡p-¶-h-\m-b- K
§-fpw, FÃm tZh-·m-cpw, FÃm temI-§-fpw, FÃm {]mW- Xp-sIm­v ]pcp-j³ F¶p ]d-bs - ¸-Sp-¶p. Ch-\m Bh-
§-fpw, FÃm Bßm-¡fpw kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. cWw sN¿- s¸- Sm- ¯-Xmbn H¶pw CÃ. Ch-\m DÅn AS-
¡-s¸-Sm-¯-Xmbn H¶p-an-Ã.''
62. D]þ CZw ssh X·m[p Z[y-Mvµm-YÀhtWm f-
izn`y- ap- h mN XtZ-X -Z rãnx ]iy- ¶ thm NXvþ 65. D]þ CZw ssh X·[p Z[y-§ m- Y ÀhtWm -f
XZzmw \cm k\tb Zwk D{K-am. hnjvIrtWman izn`ym-ap-hm-N. XtZ-X-Zrãnx ]iy-¶-thm-NXv cq]w
X\y-XpÀ¶-hrãnw Z[yMv l [·-[ zm-Y ÀhtWm cq]w {]Xn-cqt]m _`q-h. XZ-ky-cq]w {]Xn N£-
hma-izky ioÀjvWm {]b-Zo-ap-hmN CXn. Wm-b . Ct{µm ambm`nx ]pc- p cq] CubtX;
bpàm-lyky lcbx iXm Zi CXn. Abw ssh
A§-s\-bpÅ Cu a[p-hns\ Z[y§v F¶ BYÀÆW
lcbx Abw ssh ZiN kl-{kmWn _lq\n
{_Ò-W³ Aizn-IÄ¡v ]d-ªp- sIm- Sp-¯p. Cu IÀ½s¯
Nm\-´m\n N, XtZ-XZv {_Òm]qÀh a\p-]-c-a-\-
I­p-sIm­v Ejn-þ-a-{´w-þ-]-d-ªp-þ""-A-Ãtbm \c-·mtc!þ
´ - a - _ m- l yw . A bamß m {_ Ò - k À hm\ p
\cm-Im-c-·m-cmb Aizn-X-Isf! \n§-fpsS em`-¯n-\p-th-­n-
`qcntXy XZ-\p-im- -k-\.
bpÅ D{K-am-bþ-A-Xn-{Iq-c-am-b, BZw-k-Ên-s\þ B IÀ½-
s¯-þ-AX - m-b-Xv-þ-Z-[y§p F¶ AYÀh-W³ Aiz- ¯nsâ A§-s\-bpÅ Cu a[p-hns\ Z[y-§-se¶p ]d-bp¶
inc-Êp- sIm­v GXp a[p- hns\ \n§Ä¡v ]d-ªp- X- ¶pthm AYÀh-a³ Aizn-IÄ¡v ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¯p. CXp-I­ - p-
AXn-s\, ]ÀP-\y³ hrjvSnsb F¶-t]mse Rm³ shfn- sIm­v Ejn ]d-ªpþ Cu Bßm-hnsâ {]Úm-\-L-\-
s¸-Sp-¯n-tb-¡mw.'' F¶v sa¶p ]d-bp¶ cq]s¯ shfn-s¸-Sp-¯p¶Xn\mbn Hmtcm
cq]-¯nepw {]Xn-cq-]\
- m-bn-þ-]I
- À¸mb asämcp cq]-am-bn,
63. D]þ CZw ssh X·mZp Z[y-§m-YÀhtWm f- izn
AsÃ-¦n A\p-cq-]\ - mbn `hn-¨p. C{µ³, ]c-ta-iz-c³
`ymap-hm-Nþ- X - t- Z-XZ- rãnx ]iy-¶-thm-NX
- v. BYÀ
ambm-I-fm ({]-Ú-If - m AsÃ-¦n \ma-cq-]-§-fmÂ)
hW m- i m- i zn- \ m- Z [ o tN þ - f i zr w i nc x
D­m-¡-s¸-Sp¶ anYym-`n-am-\-§-em _lp-cq-]-\mbn Adn-
{]ssXycbXw. k hmw a[p {]thmN ZrXm-þb - -
b-s¸-Sp-¶p. Fs´-¶m Ch\v iX-§-fpw, ]¯v C{µn-b-
´zmãw bZv Z{km-h]n I£yw hman-Xn.
§Ä tXcn IpXn-c-I-sf-¶-t]mse tNÀ¡-s¸-«n-«p-­v. lcn-
A§-s\-bpÅ Cu a[p-hns\ Z[y§v F¶p t]cpÅ IÄ-þ-Ip-Xn-c-I-fpsS Øm\w hln-¡p¶ C{µn-b-§Ä Ch³
BYÀh-W³ Aizn-I Ä¡v ]d-ª p-s Im-Sp-¯p. A§- Xs¶-b m-W v. ]¯pw At\-I m-b n-c hpw A\-´ -§ fpw
s\bpÅ Cu IÀ½s¯ I­p-sIm­v Ejn (a-{´w) ]d- Ch³X-s¶. A§-s\-bpÅ Bßm-hmb CXm-Wv, ap¼p
ªp-þ-A-Ãtbm Aizn-I-tf, \n§Ä Z[y§v F¶p t]cpÅ asäm-¶n-Ãm- ¯-Xpw- þ-Im-c- W-an-Ãm-¯Xpw ]n¼p asäm-¶n-Ãm-¯-
AYÀh-W\v Aiz-¯nsâ hI-bmb inc-Êns\ {]Xn-K-an¸n- Xpw-þ-Im-cy-an-Ãm-¯Xpw CSbv¡p thsdm-¶n-Ãm-¯Xpw ]pd-an-
¨p-þ-]-Icw h¨p. Ah³ Xsâ {]Xn-Úsb ]cn-]m-en-¡p- Ãm-¯Xpw Bb {_Òw. {_Òw, kÀhm-ßm-hmbn kÀÆ-
hm³ CÑn- ¨p- sIm­v \n§Ä¡v Xzãm-hns\ kw_-Ôn¨ a[p s¯bpw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-Xmb Cu Bßm-hm-Ip-¶p. C§-
GtXm AXns\ ]d-ªp-X-¶p. AÃtbm Z{k-·msc! i{Xp- s\-bmWv FÃm thZm-´- §-fp-sSbpw D]-tZ-iw.
¡-fpsS _es¯ £bn-¸n-¡p-¶-h-tc, AsÃ-¦n i{Xp-
¡sf lnwkn-¡p-¶-htc! cl-ky-am-bn-«p-ÅXv GtXm B
Bß-Úm-\-cq-]-amb a[p-hn-t\bpw \n§Ä¡p ]d-ªp- Bdmw {_mÒWw
X-¶ p.
65. D]þ 1. AY hwixþ ]uXn-amtjym Ku]h\mZv,
64. D]þ CZw ssh X·[p Z[y-§ m- Y ÀhtWm f- Ku]-h\x ]uXn-am-jym-Xv, ]uXn-amtjym Ku]-
izn`ym-ap-hm-N. XtZ-XZ- rãnx ]iy-¶-thm-NX
- vþ ]pc- h-\m-Zv, Ku]-h\x Iuin-Im-Xv, IuinIx IuÞn-
Ýt{I Zzn]Zx ]pc-Ýt{I NXp-jv]Zx; ]pcx k \ym- X v , IuÞn\yx imÞneym. ÑmÞneyx
]£o `qXzm ]pcx ]pcpj Bhni ZnXn. k hm Iuin-Im¨ KuX-am-¨.
Abw ]pcpjx kÀhm- k p- ] qÀi ]pcn- i bx;
2. KuXa Bán- t hiym Zmán- t hiyx imÞn
ss\t\\ InwN\m-\ m-h rXw; ss\t\ InwN\m
eym¨m \`n-¾m-Xm-¨, \`n-¾mX B\-`n-¾m-Xm, Zm \`n-
kwhr-X w.
¾mX B\- ` n- ¾ m- X m, Zm\- ` n- ¾ mtXm KuX- a m- Z v ,
A§-s\-bpÅ Cu a[p-hns\ Z[y§v F¶p ]d-bp¶ Ku X ax s s k X - h - { ] m- N o- \ - t bm- K ym- ` ymw ,
AYÀh- - W ³ AiznIÄ¡p ]d-ª p- s Im-S p- ¯ p. Cu sskXh{]m-No-\-tbmKyu ]mcm-i -c ym-Xv. ]mcm-
IÀ½s¯ I­p-sIm­v Ejn ]dªp:þ ""c­p ImepÅ itcym `mc-Zzm-Pm-Zv, `mc-ZzmtPm `mc-Zzm-Pm¨ KuX-
]pc-§sf D­m-¡n. \mep- Im- epÅ ]pc- §sf D­m-¡n, ]pc- am¨ KuXtam `mc-Zzm-Pm-Z,v `mc-ZzmPx ]mcm-i-cymXv
§Ä D­m- ¡n- b- Xn-\p-tijw BZy-am- bn, B Cuiz-c³ ]£n ]mcm-i tcym ss_P-h m- ] m- b -\ m-Z v , ss_Phm
Bbn- ¯oÀ¶n- «v, ]pc-§- fn {]th-in-¨p. A§-s\-bpÅ Cu ]mb\x Iuin-Im-bt\x

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 306
I 3. Iuin-Im-b-\ nÀLrX Iuin-I m-Zv, LrX-I uin
Ix ]mcm-i-cym-b-Wm-Xv, ]mcm-i-cym-bWx ]mcmi-
cym-Xv, ]cm-itcym PmXq-IÀWym-Zv, PmXq-IÀWy
Bkp-c m-b-W m¨ bmkvI m¨m - f -f kpcm-b W
kv s s{Xh- t W, k v s s{Xh- W n- c u- ] - P - Ù - t \,
cu]PÙ\n-cm-k p-tc, cmkp-cnÀ`m-cZ- zm-Pm-Zv, `mc-
ZzmP Bt{X-bm, `mt{X-tbm-am-t­, À½m­nÀKu-
XamZv, KuXtam KuX-am-Zv, KuX-tam-hm-Õym-Zv,
hmÕyx imÞn-eym-X v, imÞneyx ssItim
cymXv Im]ymXv ssItimcyx Im]yx Ipamc
lmcn-Xm-Xv, Ipam-c-lm-cntXm Kme-hm-Zv, Kme thm
hnZÀ`o-Iu-Þn-\ym-Zv, hnZÀ`n-IuÞnt\ym hÕ-
\-]mtXm _m{`-hm-Zv, hÕ-\-]mZv _m{`hx ]Yx
ku`-cmXv ]Ùmx ku`tcm -f bmkym-Zm-MvKn-c-
km-Z,v Abmky BMvKn-ck B`q-tXkv þ Xzm{ãm-
Zv, B`q-XnkvX zm tãdm hniz-c q-] m-¯ z-ã v-dm, þ
hniz-cq-] kvXzmãvtdm - f izn`ym, aizn-\ u-Z-[oN
AYÀhmWmZv, Z[y-§m-YÀhtWm f- YÀhtWm
ssZhm, ZYÀhssZthm artXymx {]m[zw k\m,
arXypx {]m[zw k\x {][zw-k-\m-X v, {][z-k\
GIÀtj, tcIÀjnÀhn- { ]- N n- t ¯, ÀÆn{]- N n-
¯nÀhy-tã, ÀÆymãnx k\mtcmx, k\mcpx k\m-
X-\m-Xv, k\mX\x k\-Km-Xv, k\Kx ]c-ta-ãn\:
]ctajvTn{_-Ò-tWm, {_Ò kzbw`qx {_ÒtW
\ax
A\-´cw {_Ò-hn-Zy-bpsS BNm-cy-]c - -¼c ]d-b-s¸-
Sp¶p:- ]uXn-am-jy³ Ku]-h\ - -\-\n \n¶pw Ku]-h-\³
]uXn-am-j y-\ nÂ\n-¶pw, ]uXn-a m-j y³ Ku]-h -\ -\ nÂ
\n¶pw, Ku]-h - \ ³ Iuin- I -\ nÂ\n- ¶ pw, Iuin-I ³
IuÞn-\y-\nÂ\n-¶ pw, IuÞn-\y³ imÞn-ey-\nÂ\n-
¶pw, imÞn-ey³ sIuinI-\nÂ\n¶pw KuX-a-\nÂ\n-¶pw,
KuX-a³ Bán-th-iy-\nÂ\n-¶pw, Bán-th-iy³ imÞn-
ey-\nÂ\n¶pw A\-`n-¾m-X-\nÂ\n-¶pw, A\-`n-¾m-X³ B\-
`n-¾m-X-\nÂ\n-¶pw, B\-`n-¾m-X³ B\-`n-¾m-X-\nÂ\n-¶pw,
B\-`n-¾m-X³ KuX-a-\nÂ\n-¶pw, KuX-a³ sskX-h-\nÂ\n-
¶pw {]mNo-\-tbm-Ky-\nÂ\n-¶pw, sskX-h\pw {]mNo-\-tbm-
Ky\pw ]mcm-i-cy-\nÂ\n-¶pw, ]mcm-i-cy³ `mc-Zzm-P-\nÂ\n-
¶pw, `mc-Zzm-P³ `mc-Zzm-P-\nÂ\n¶pw KuX-a-\nÂ\n-¶pw,
KuX-a³ `mc-Zzm-P-\nÂ\n¶pw `mc-Zzm-P³ ]mcm-i-cy-\nÂ\n-
¶pw, ]mcm-i-cy³ ss_P- hm-]m-b-\nÂ\n-¶pw, ss_P-hm-]m-
b-\³ Iuin-Im-b-\nÂ\n-¶pw, Iuin-Im-b-\n-Lr-X-Iu-in-
I³ ]mcm-i-cym-b-W-\nÂ\n-¶pw, ]mcm-i-cym-b-W³ ]mcm-i-
cy-\nÂ\n-¶pw, ]mcm-i-cy³ PmXq-IÀWy-\nÂ\n-¶pw, PmXq-
IÀWy³ Bkp-cm-b-W-\nÂ\n¶pw bmkvX- \nÂ\n-¶pw,
Bkp-cm-b-W³ ss{Xh-Wn-bnÂ\n-¶pw, ss{XhWn Hu]-P-
Ô-\ n-b nÂ\n-¶ pw, Hu]-P-Ô \n Bkp-c n-b nÂ\n-¶ pw,
Bkpcn `mc-Zzm-P-\nÂ\n¶pw, `mc-Zzm-P-³ Bt{X-b.-\nÂ\n-
¶pw, Bt{X-b³ am­n-bnÂ\n-¶pw, am­n KuX-a-\nÂ\n-
¶pw, KuX-a³ hmÕy-\nÂ\n-¶pw, hmÕy³ imÞn-ey-
N P
\nÂ\n-¶pw, imÞn-ey³ ssItim-cy-\mb Im]y-\nÂ\n- K
¶pw, ssItim-cy-\mb Im]y³ Ipam-c-lm-cn-X- \nÂ\n-¶pw,
Ipam-c-lm-cn-X³ Kme-h-\nÂ\n-¶pw, Kme-h³ hnZÀ`n-Iu-
Þn-\y- \nÂ\n¶pw hnZÀ`n IuÞn-\y³ _m{`-h-\mb hÕ-
\-]m-¯nÂ\n-¶pw, _m{`-h-\mb hÕ-\-]m¯v ku`-c-\mb
]Ùm-hnÂ\n-¶pw, kuc-`\ - mb ]Ùmhv BMvKn-c-k-\mb
Bbm-ky-\nÂ\n¶pw BMvKn-c-k-\mb Bbm-ky³ Xzm{ã-
\mb B`q-Xn-bnÂ\n-¶pw, Xzm{ã-\mb B`qXn Xzm{ã-\mb
hniz-cq-]-\nÂ\n¶pw Xzm{ã-\mb hniz-cq- ]³ Aizn-I-fnÂ\n-
¶pw, Aizn- IÄ Z[yMv F¶ BYÀÆ- W- \nÂ\n- ¶pw, Z[y§v
F¶ BYÀÆ-W³ ssZh-amb AYÀÆm-hnÂ\n-¶pw, ssZh-
amb AYÀÆmhv {]m[zw-k-\-\mb arXyp-hnÂ\n-¶pw, {]m[zw-
k-\-\ mb arXyp {][zw-k -\ -\ nÂ\n-¶ pw, {][zw-k-\ ³
GIÀjn-bnÂ\n-¶p-w, GIÀjn hn{]-Nn-¯n-bn \n¶pw,
hn{]-Nn¯n hrãn-bnÂ\n-¶pw, hyãn k\m-cp-hn \n¶pw,
k\mcp k\m-X-\-\nÂ\n¶pw k\m- X-\³ k\-K-\nÂ\n-¶pw,
k\- K ³ ]c- t a- ã n- b n \n¶ pw ]c- t ajv T n {_Ò-
¯nÂ\n¶pw PmX-\m-bn. {_Òw kzbw-`q-h-\m-Ip-¶p. {_Ò-
¯n\p \a-kvIm-cw.
aq¶mw A²ymbw
H¶mw {_mÒWw
1. D]þ Hmw P\tIm l sshtZtlm _lp-Z£n
tW\ btÚ-t\-tP. X{Xl Ipcp-]-©m-em\mw
{_ÒWm A`n-k-taXm _`qhpx. Xkyl P\-
Iky sshtZ- l ky hnÚm- k m- _ - ` q- h , Ix
kzntZ-tXjmw {_mÒ-W\
- ma B Nm\-Xa CXn.
k l Khmw kl-{k-a-h-cp-tcm-[. Zi-Zi ]mZm
GssI-Ikymx irMvK-tbm-cm-_²m _`qhpx.
hntZ-lm-[n-]-\mb P\-I³ hfsc Z£n-W-bp-Å, AsÃ-
¦n _lp-Z-£n-W-sa¶p t]cp-Å bÚw-sIm­v bPn-¨p.
B bÚ-¯n Ipcp-tZ-i¯pw ]m©m-e-tZ-i-¯p-apÅ
{_mÒ-WÀ h¶p-Iq-Sn. B P\-I\v ""Ch-cn Gähpw ]Tn-
¸p-Å-h³ BcmWv?'' F¶v PnÚmk D­mbn At±lw
Bbncw ]ip-¡sf Ah-tcm-[n¨p; sXmgp-¸p-c-bn tiJ-cn-
¸n-¨p. Hmtcm ]ip-hn-sâbpw c­p c­p sIm¼p-I- fn-epw-IqSn
]Xp-¸¯p Im ]ew (c-­-c-¸-ew) kzÀ®w sI«-s¸-«n
-cp-¶p.
2. D]þ Xm³ tlmhmN-þ ""{_mÒWm `Kht´m,
tbm thm {_ÒnjvTx k GXm Km DZP Xm''
anXn. tXl {_mÒWm \ Z[rjv Tx. AYl
bmÚ-hevIyx kztah {_Ò-Nm-cn-WaphmssN
Xmx tkmtaym-ZP kma-{i-hm« CXn. XmtlmZm-
N-Im-c. tX l {_mÒ-Wm-Ýp-{Ip[px ""IYw t\m
{_ÒnjvtTm {_hoX?'' CXn. AYl P\-Iky
sshtZ- l ky tlmXm - f iztem _`qh, k
ssl\w ] {]Ñþ ""Xzw \p t\m bmÚhevIy
 307
I {_ÒnjvtTm knx'' CXn. k tlm hmN:þ""\tam
hbw {_Òn-j vTmb IpÀt½m tKmImam Gh
hbw kvax'' CXn. Xw l XX Gh {]ãpw Zt{[
tlmXm -f izex
B {_mÒ-W-tcmSv P\-I³ ]dªp:þ ""`K-hm-·m-cmb
{_mÒ-W-tc, \n§-fn Gähpw {_Òm-hm-bn-cn-¡p-¶-h³
Btcm At±lw Cu tKm¡sf sXfn-¨p- sIm-Å-s«-þkz Krl-
¯n-te¡p ASn-¨p-sIm­p s]mbvs¡m-Ås«'' F¶v. B
{_mÒ-WÀ AXn\v ss[cy-s¸-«n-Ã. A\-´cw bmÚ-h-
evIy³ kz´w {_Ò-Nm-cn-tbm-Sp-Xs¶ ]d-ªp. AÃ-tbm,
kuay, kma-th-Zs¯ {ihn-¡p-¶-h-t\, Cu ]ip-¡sf
sXfn- ¨p-sIm­p t]mhpI F¶v. B ]ip-¡sf B {_Ò-
Nmcn BNmcy Krl-¯n-te¡p sXfn-¨p-sIm-­p-t]m-bn. B
{_mÒ-WÀ t{Im[n-¨p-þ-F- §s\ \½psS Iq«-¯n {_Òn-
jvT³ F¶v Hcp-h³ ]dbpw? A\-´-cw, hntZ-lm-[n-]-\mb
P\-Isâ tlmXm-hm-bn-þ-E-Xzn-¡mbn Aiz- e³ Fs¶m-cmÄ
D­m-bn-cp-¶p. Ah³ bmÚ-h-evIy-t\mSp tNmZn¨p:þ
AÃtbm bmÚ-hevIy \obmtWm \½psS Iq«-¯nÂ
{_Òn-jT v ³? bmÚ-h-eI v y³ ]dªp:þ \mw {_Òn-jTv \v
\a-kvImcw sN¿p-¶p. \mw tKm¡sf B{K- ln-¡p-¶-h³
am{X-am-Ip-¶p. DS³ Xs¶ tlmXm-hmb Aiz-e³ B
bmÚm-h-evIy-t\mSp tNmZn-¡m³ \nÝ-bn-¨p.
3. D]þ bmÚ- h ÂtIy- X n- t lm- h m- N þ ""bZnZw
kÀÆw arXyp\m -f -f ]vXw; kÀÆw arXyp\m -
f `n]¶w; tI\ bP-am-t\m-a r-tXym-cm-]vXn-a-Xn-ap-
NytX?'' CXn. tlm{XÀXznPm - f án\m hmNm.
hmssKz bÚky tlmXm; XtZybw hmIvtkm
f- baánx; k tlmXm; kapànx km f- Xnapànx
""AÃtbm bmÚ-hÂIy'' F¶p kwt_m-[\ sNbvXn-
«v, ]dªp:þ ""Cu IÀ½-¯nsâ km[-\-amb EXzn¡p apX-
em-b-sXÃmw arXyp-hn-\m kzm`m-hn-I-amb B kwK-t¯m-
Sp-Iq-Snb IÀ½-cq-]a - mb arXyp-hn-\mÂ, B]vX-am-Ip-¶p,
hym]vX-am-Ip-¶p. FÃmw arXyp-hn-\m hio-Ic - n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-
¡bpw sN¿p-¶p. GXp ZjÀi- \-cq-]- amb km[\w sIm­m-
Wv, bP-am-\³ arXyp-hnsâ hym]vXnsb AXn-{I-an¨v apà-
\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶Xv?'' ""tlmXm-hmb EXzn¡pw Aán-bp-amb
hm¡p-sIm-­v.'' F¶p bmÚhÂIy³ ]d-ªp. CXnsâ
AÀ°w ]d-bp¶p:þ bP- am-\sâ hm¡p-X-s¶-bmWv tlmXm-
hv. AXn Cu hm¡v GtXm AXmWv AXnsâ A[n-ssZ-
h-X-amb Aán. B Aán tlmXm-hm-Ip-¶p. B tlmXm-h,v
Aán-cq-]-¯n ZÀin-¡-s¸-Sp¶ B tlmXm-hv, apàn-bm-
Ip¶p; bP-am-\\p apàn-km-[-\a - m-Ip¶p. B apàn AXn-
ap-àn-bm-Ip¶p; AXn-apàn km[-\-am-Ip-¶p.
4. D]þ ""bmÚ-hevtIy'' Xn tlmhmN þ ""bZnZw
kÀÆ-a-tlm-c m-{Xm-` ym-am-] vX , kÀh-a-tlmcm{Xm
` ym- a - ` n- ] ¶ w ; tI\ - b - P - a mt\ m - f tl mc m-
{Xtbmcm]v X n- a - X n- a p- N ytX?'' CXn. ""A[z- ¿ p-
WÀXznPm N£pjm -f -f ZntXy\; N£pÀssh-
N P
b- Ú - k ym[zcyx; XZy- Z nXw N£px tkm - f K
kmhm-ZnXyx; tkm f- [zcyx; kapànx; km -f Xn
apànx.
""bÚ-h-eI v y.'' F¶p kwt_m-[\ sNbvXn«v Aiz-e³
]dªp:þ ""Cubp-Å-sXÃmw Atlm-cm-{X- §-fm hym]vX-
am- Ip-¶p. FÃm Atlm-cm-{X-§-fm A`n-]- ¶-am-bn-cn-¡p¶p
(h-io-I-cn- ¡-s¸-«n- cn-¡-s¸-«n-cn- ¡p-¶p.) GXp ZÀi-\w-sIm-­m-
Wv, bP-am-\³ Atlm- cm-{X-§-fpsS B]vXn-sb, hym]vXnsb
AXn-{I-an¨v apà-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶Xv? A[z-cy-sh¶p EXzn-
¡pw, N£pÊpw Bb BZn-Xy-s\-s¡m­v'' F¶v bmÚ-
hÂIy³ ]d-ªp-Xp-S-§n. ""bP-am-\sâ N£p-Êp-X-s¶-bm-
Wv. A[zcyp AXn Cu N£pÊv GtXm AXmWv B BZn-
Xy³. B BZn-Xy³ A[z-cyp-hm-Ip-¶p. B A[zcyp apàn-
bm-Ip-¶p-þ- apàn km[-\-am-Ip-¶p. B apàn AXn-ap-àn-bm-
Ip-¶p.
5. D]þ ""bmÚ-hÂtIyXn'' tlmhm-Nþ ""bZnZw
kÀhw ]qÀÆ- ] £m ] c- ] - £ m- ` ym- a m]v X w;
kÀhw ]qÀÆ- ] - £ m- ] - c - ] - £ m- ` ym- a - ` n- ] - ¶ w;
tI\bP-am\x ]qÀh-]-£m-]-c-]-£-tbm-cm-]vXn-a-
Xn-apNytX?'' CXn DZvK m-{XÀ. XznPm hmbp\m
{]mtW\. {]mtWm ssh bÚ-tkym-ZvKmXm;
XZvtbm -f bw {]mWx k hmbpx; k DZvKmXm;
kapànx; km f- Xnapànx.
""bmÚ-hÂIy'' F¶p kwt_m-[\ sNbvXv Aiz- e³
]dªp: ""Ch-sbÃmw ]qÀh-]£ - -¯mepw A]c ]£-
¯mepw hym]vX-am-Ip-¶p. FÃmw ]qÀh-]-£-¯mepw A]-
c-]-£- ¯mepw hio-I-cn- ¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. GXp ZÀi-\w-sIm-
­m-Wv, bP-am-\³ ]qÀh ]qÀh-]£ - -¯n-tâbpw A]-c-]-
£-¯n-sâbpw hym]vXnsb AXn-{I-an¨p apà-\m-bn-¯o-cp-
¶Xv?'' ""DZvKmXmsh¶ EXzn¡pw hmbphpw Bb {]mW-s\-
s¡m-­v. bÚ-¯nsâ (b-P-am-\sâ) {]mW³X- -s¶- bmWv
DZvKm-Xm-hv. AXn Cu {]mW³ GtXm AXp hmbp-hm-Ip-
¶p. B hmbp DZvKm-Xm-hm-Ip-¶p. B DZvKm-Xmhv apàn-bm-
Ip¶p (ap-àn-km-[-\-am-Ip-¶p.) B apàn AXn-apàn km[-
\-am-Ip-¶p.''
6. D]þ bmÚ-h-evtIyXn tlmhmN:þ ""bZnZ a´-
cn-£-a-\m-ca _W-anh; tI\ -f f- {ItaW bP-
am\x kzÀ¤w temI-am-{I-atX?'' CXn. ""{_Ò-
WÀXzn-Pm-a-\-km-N-t{µ-W. at\m sshbÚky
{_Òm; XZy-`nZw a\x, tkm -f kuN{µx; k{_-
Ò, kapànx km -f Xnapànx
""bÚ-hevIy'' F¶p kwt_m-[-\-sNbvXv Aiz-e³
]d-ªp: ""Cu A´-co£w Bew-_- \- an-Ãm-¯-Xp-t]mse Ccn-
¡p¶p Fs´mcp Ah-ãw-`w-sIm-­m-W,v bP-am-\³ kzÀ¤-
tem-Is¯ B{I-an-¡p-¶Xv? {]m]n-¡p-¶Xv? {_Òm-sh¶
EXzn¡pw a\Êpw Bb N{µ-s\-s¡m­v bÚ-¯nsâ (b-
P-am-\-sâ) a\- Êp-X- s¶- bmWv {_Òm-sh¶ EXzn-¡v, AXnÂ
 308

I Cu a\-sÊ-¶Xv B N{µ-\m-Ip-¶p. B N{µ³ {_Òm-sh¶ bmtWm tlman-¡-s¸-«m `qan-bn t]mbn-¡n-S-¡p-¶Xv K

EXzn-¡m-Ip-¶p. B {_Òmhv apàn-km-[\ - -am-Ip-¶p. B Ah- sb-s¡m­v a\p-jy-tem-I-s¯-¯s¶ Pbn-¡p¶p a\p-
apàn AXn-ap-àn-km-[-\a
- m-Ip-¶p.'' C§s\ AXn-tam-£- jy-temIw Xmsg ØnXn sN¿p-¶-t]m- se-bm-WtÃm Ccn-¡p-
§Ä. ¶-Xv.
7. D]þ AY k¼Zx 10. D]þ bmÚ-h-evtIyXn tlmhmNþ IXn`n cb-
aZy {_Òm- b - Ú w- Z - £ n- W tXm tZh- X m- ` nÀ
A\-´cw k¼-¯p-IÄ ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.
tKm]m-b Xo Xn. GImtb Xn. IXam ssktI
8. D]þ bmÚ-h-evtIyXn tlmhm-Nþ ""IXn`nc-b- Xn. a\ Gth Xn. A\´w sshat\m f- \´m
a-ZyÀKv`nÀtlmXm -f kvan³ btÚ IcnjyXo'' hntiz tZhm, A\-´-tah ktX\ temIw Pb-
Xn. ""Xnkr`n'' cnXn. ""IX-amkvXmkvXn{k'' CXn. Xn.
""]ptcm-\p-hm-IymN bmPymN isskyh XrXo-
bmÚ-h evI y F¶p hnfn¨v Aiz-e ³ ]dªp:þ
bm.'' ""Inw Xm`nÀP-bXn'' Xn ""bXv Inw tNZw
Ct¸mÄ Cu {_Òm-hv, þ {_Òm-sh¶ EXzn¡v he-¯p-h-
{]mW`r'' ZnXn.
i¯v Ccp- ¶ p- s Im­v F{X- t Z- h - X - I - s f- s ¡m- ­ mWv
""bmÚ-hevIy'' F¶p kwt_m-[\ sNbvXv Aiz-e³ bÚs¯ c£n-¡p-¶Xv? Hcp tZh- X-sb-s¡m­v F¶p- ¯-
]dªp: ""C¶v, Cu bÚ-¯n tlmXmhv F{X-Xcw E¡p- cw, B Hcp tZhX GXv? F¶p tNmZyw. a\-Êp-Xs¶ F¶p-
I-sf-s¡m-­mWv ikv{Xs¯ iwkn-¡p-¶Xv? aq¶p-Xcw ¯- cw. a\Êp A\-´- sa¶p {]kn- ²-am-W- tÃm. hniz- -tZ-h-·mÀ
E¡p-I-sf-¡­v'' F¶p bmÚ-h-eI v y³ D¯cw ]d-ªp. A\-´-·mÀ F¶p ]kn-²-am-Wv. AXp-sIm-­v, a\-Êns\
""B aq¶v GsXÃmw?'' F¶p Aize³ tNmZn-¨p. ""]ptcm-\p- hniz-tZ-h-·m-cm-bn-¡m-Wp-¶-Xp-sIm­v Ah³ (D-]m-k-I³)
hm-Iy-bpw-bm-Py-bpw, ikybpw Xs¶.'' F¶v bmÚ-h- A\-´-amb temI-s¯-¯s¶ Pbn-¡p-¶p.
evIy³ adp-]Sn ]d-ªp. ""B E¡p-I-sf-s¡m­v F´ns\
11. D]þ bmÚ-h-e vtIyXn tlmhmN:þ IXy ba-
Pbn-¡p¶p?'' F¶v Aiz-e³ tNmZn-¨p. {]mW-\p-ÅXv GsX-
tZym- KvZmXm f- kvan³ btÚ kvt Xm{Xnbmx
Ãmtam AXns\ FÃmw'' F¶p bmÚ-h-eI v y³ adp-]Sn ]d-
kv t XmjyXo Xn. Xn{k C Xn IX - a mk v X m
ªp.
kvXn{k CXn. ]ptcm -f \phmIym N bmPym N
9. D]þ bmÚ-h-evtIyXn tlmhmN þ IXybaZym- isskyh XrXo-bm. IX-amkvXm bm A[ymß
[z-c y- c - k v an³ bÚB- l q- X oÀtlm-j yXoXn. anXn. {]mW Gh ]ptcm\p hmIym; A]mt\m
Xn{k CXn. IX-am-kvXm-kvXn{k CXnþbmlpXm bmPym; hym\x ikym. Inw Xm`nÀPbXo Xn.
DÖz-e-´ n, bm lqXm AXn-t\-Zt´bmlqXm ]rYn-ho-tem-I-tah ]ptcm-\ p-hm-Iymbm PbXn;
AXn-ti-c-tX. Inw Xm`nÀÖ-bXoXn. bm lqXm A´-co-£ -temIw bmPy-bm, ZyptemIw iky-
DÖze-´n, tZh-tem-I-ta-h-Xm-`nÀ PbXn; Zo]yX bm. XtXm l tlmXm -f ize D]-c-cma
Ch ln tZh-temIx bm lqXm AXn-tX-Zt´
bmÚ-h evI y F¶p hnfn¨v Aiz-e ³ ]dªp:þ
]nXr-tem-I-tah Xm`nÀP-b-Xn. AXoh ln ]nXr-
Ct¸mÄ Cu bÚ-¯n Cu DZvKm-Xmhp F{X kvtXm{Xn-
temIx bm lqXm A[n-ti-ctX a\p-jy-tem-I-
b-Isf kvX pXn-¡ p¶p? aq¶v F¶p-¯-c w. B aq¶v
tah Xm`nÀP-b-Xn. A[ Ch lna\p-jy-temIx
GsXÃmw? F¶p ]ns¶bpw tNmZyw. ]ptcm-\p-hmIybpw
bÚ-hevIy F¶p kwt_m-[\ sNbvXv Aiz-e³ bmPybpw; aq¶m-a-t¯Xv iky-Xs¶ F¶p-¯-cw. A²ym-
]dªp:þ C¶v Cu bÚ-¯n Cu A[zcyp F{X Blq- ß-ambn Ah GsXÃmw? F¶p tNmZyw. ]ptcm-\p-hmIy
Xn-Isf tlman-¡p¶p? aq¶v F¶p bmÚ-he - vIy³ ]d- {]mW³X-s¶. bmPy A]m-\-\m-Ip-¶p. iky hym\-\mWv
ªp. B aq¶v GsXÃmw? F¶v Aiz- e³ tNmZn-¨p. Gh- F¶p-¯-cw. Ah-sb-s¡m­v F´ns\ Pbn-¡p¶p? F¶p
bmtWm lqX-I-fm-bn«p DÖz-en-¡p-¶Xv Ah-bpw, Gh- tNmZyw. ]ptcm-\p-hm- Iy-sIm­p ]rYn-ho- tem- Is¯ Pbn- ¡p-
bmtWm lpX-I-fm-bn«v DÖzen-¡p-¶Xv Ah-bpw, Gh- ¶p. bmPy-sIm­p A´- co-£-tem- Is¯ Pbn-¡p- ¶p. iky-
bmtWm lpX- I- fm-bn«v Gähpw i_vZn- ¡p-¶Xv Ahbpw Gh- sIm­v Zyptem-Is¯ Pbn- ¡p¶p bmÚ-h- eI v y³ D¯cw
bmtWm tlman-¡-s¸-«m Iogvt]m-«p-t]mbn `qan-bn InS- \ÂIn. A\-´cw tlmXm- hmb Aiz- e³ D]-c- an-¨p-þ- A-S- §n.
¡p-¶Xv Ahbpw F¶v D¯cw ]d-ªp. B Blq-Xn-I-sf-
s¡m­v F´ns\ Pnb-¡p¶p? F¶p tNmZyw. Gh-bmtWm
tlman- ¡- s¸- «m DÖz-en- ¡p-¶Xv Ah-sb-s¡m­v tZh- tem- c­mw {_mÒWw
Is¯ Pbn-¡p-¶p. tZh-temIw {]Im-in-¡p-¶- Xp-t]m-se-bp-
12. D]þ AY ssl\w Pmc-XvIm-ch BÀ¯-`mKx
Å-XmW-tÃm. Gh-bmtWm tlman-¡-s¸-«m A[nI i_vZn-
] {] Ñ ; bmÚ - h  tIyX n tl mhmN -
¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xv Ah-sb-¡m­v ]nXr-tem-I-s¯-¯s¶ Pbn-
IXn{Klmx? IpXy- X n- { Klmx? CXn. Aãu
¡p-¶p. ]nXr-temIw Gähpw i_vZn-¡p-¶-Xm-WtÃm. Gh-

N P
 309

I {Klmx Aãm-h-Xn-{Klmx CXn. tb tX f- ãu K

lkvX- §Ä {Kl- am-Ip- ¶p. B {Klw IÀ½-am-Ip¶ AXn-
{Klm Aãm-h-Xn-{Klmx ImXta tX? CXn. {K-l-¯m {Kln-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. lkvXwsIm-­m-WtÃm
IÀ½s¯ sN¿p-¶-Xv.
A\-´-cw, Aiz-e³ hnc-an- ¨X
- nsâ tijw, Ch-t\m-Sv,
bmÚ-hÂIy-t\mSv Pc¡m-cp-hnsâ tKm{X-¯n P\n¨ Xz¡v {Kl-am-Ip-¶p. B {Klw kv]Àiam-Ip¶ AXn-{K-
BÀ¯-`m-K³, EX-`m- Ksâ ]p{X³ tNmZn-¨p-t]mÂ. bmÚ- l-¯m {Kln-¡-s¸-« n-cn-¡p-¶p. Xz¡p-sIm-­ m-WtÃm
hevIy F¶p kwt_m-[\ sNbvXv AbmÄ ]dªp: {Kl- kv]Ài-§sf a\-Ên-em¡p-¶-Xv. Ch-bmWv F«v {Kl- §epw
§Ä F{X? AXn-{K-l-§Ä F{X? F¶v. {Kl-§Ä F«v F«p AXn-{K-l-§-fpw.
AXn-{K-l-§Ä F«v F¶p D¯-cw. B F«p {Kl-§fpw
15. D]þ bmÚ - h - e v t IyXn tlmhm- N þ bZnZw
F«v AXn-{K-l-§fpw GsXÃmw? F¶v BÀ¯-`m-K-h³
kÀhw artXym- c ¶w; ImkzXv km tZhXm
ho­pw tNmZn-¨p.
bkym arXyp-c ¶w? CXn. AánÀssh-arXypx;
13. D]þ {]mtWm ssh {Klx, tkm f- ]mt\ \mXn tkm -f ]ma¶w; A]-]p-\À½rXypw PbXn
{KtlW KrloXx; A]m-t\\ ln KÔm³ Pn
bmÚ - h ev I y F ¶p hnfn¨p BÀ¯- ` m- K - h ³
{LXn.
tNmZn¨p:þ Cu hymIy-X-amb PK¯v apgp-h³ arXyp-hn\p
{]mW³ {Kl-am-Ip-¶p. B {]mW-\m-Ip¶ {Klw A]m- A¶- am-Ip-¶p. GXp tZh-X-b¡ v mtWm arXyp A¶- am-bn-cn-
\³ BIp¶ AXn-{K-l- ¯m {Kln-¡- s¸- «n- cn- ¡p- ¶p. A]m- ¡p-¶-Xv, B tZhX GXm-bn-cn¡pw? Aán arXyp-hm-W-tÃm.
\s\ I­m-WtÃm KÔ-§sf temIw {LWn-¡p-¶-Xv. B Aán A¸p-IÄ¡v A¶- am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. arXyp-hn-s\-bm-
Is« ]pcp-j-{]-b-Xv\-¯m Pbn-¡mw.
14. D]þ hmssKz {Klx; k \mav\m f- Xn {KmtlW
KrloXx; hmNm ln \mam-\ yp-` n-h -Z-Xn. Pnlzm 16. D]-þ-bm-Ú-h-etv IyXn tlmhm-Nþ b{Xm-bw ]pcp-
ssh {Klx; k ctk\ -f Xn{Km-tlW KrloXx; tjm- { an- b X DZ- k v a mXv {]mWmx {Ima´ym
Pnlzbm ln ckm³ hnPm-\ mXn N£pÀssh tlmZ\? CXn. t\ Xn tlmhm-Nb - m-ÚhevIyx.
{Klx; k cqt]- W mXn {KmtlW KrloXx; Ass{X-h-k-a-h-\ o-b-t´, k D ÑzbXzm-[ va m-b-
N£pjm ln cq]mWn ]iyXn t{im{Xw ssh Xym-[vamtXm arXx titX.
{Klx; k i_vtZm-\ mXn {KmtlW KrloXx;
bmÚ hev I y F ¶ p hnfn¨p B À¯ - ` m- K - h ³
t{imt{XW ln i_vZmRv ir tWmXn. at\m
tNmZn¨p:þ Ft¸m-gmtWm Cu {_Ò-hn-¯mb ]pcp-j³ acn-
ssh {Klx; k Imta-\mXn {KmtlW KrloXx;
¡p-¶Xv At¸mÄ Ch-\nÂ\n¶p {]mW-§Ä DÂ{I-an-¡p-
a\- k mln Imam³ Ima-b -tX. lkvX u ssh
¶pt­m? AtXm CÃtbm? CÃ F¶p bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]d-
{Klx; k IÀ½Wm - f Xn{Km-tlW KrloXx;
ªp. Chn-sS-¯s¶ H¶mbn tNcp-¶p. ]c-am-ßm-hn-t\mSp
lkvXm`ymw ln IÀ½ Itcm-Xn. XzssKz {Klx;
tNÀ¶p ebn-¡p-¶p. Ah³ hoÀ¡p-¶p. Imäp-sIm­p \nd-
k kv]Àti-\m-Xn-{Km-tlW KrloXx; Xz Nm ln
bp-¶p. Imäv Ib-dn-\n-dªp \ntÝ-ã-\m-bn-¡n-S-¡p-¶p.
kv]Àim³ thZ-b-tX. CtXytX -f ãu {Klmx;
BhXn {Klmx. 17. D]þ bmÚ-h-evtIy-Xn-tlm-hm-Nþ b{Xmbw ]pcp-
tjm-{an-b -tXþ IntaXw \ Plm-X oXn\mta-X n.
hm¡v {Kl-am-Ip-¶p. B {Klw \ma-am-Ip¶ AXn-{K-l-
A\´w ssh \mam-\-´m-hntiztZhmx A\-´-
¯m {Kln-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. hm¡p-sIm-­m-WtÃm \ma-
tah ktX\ temIw PbXn
§sf ]d-bp-¶-Xv.
bmÚ-hevIy F¶p hnfn¨v BÀ¯-`m-K-h³ tNmZn¨p:þ
Pnlz {Kl-am-Ip-¶p. B {Klw ck-am-Ip¶ AXn-{K-l-
""Cu ]pcp-j³ acn-¡p-t¼mÄ Chs\ hn«p-]n-cn-bm-Xn-cn¡p-
¯m {Kln-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. Pnlz-sIm-­m-WtÃm ck-
¶Xv F´mWv?'' ""\maw'' F¶p bmÚ-h-eI v y³ ]d-ªp.
§sf ]d-bp-¶-Xv.
\maw B\-´-am-Ip-¶p. hntiz-tZ-h-·mÀ A\-´- ·m-cm-Ip-¶p.
N£pÊv {Kl-am-Ip-¶p. B {Klw cq]am-Ip¶ AXn-{K- AXp- sIm­v hntiz-tZ-h-·msc Xm\mbn ImWp-¶-Xp-sIm­v
l-¯m {Kln-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. N£pÊp-sIm-­m-WtÃm Ah³ A\-´-amb temI-s¯Xs¶ Pbn-¡p-¶p.
cq]§sf ]d-bp-¶-Xv.
18. D]þ bmÚ-h ÂtIyXn tlmhm-N þ b{Xmky
t{im{Xw {Kl-am-Ip-¶p. B {Klw i_vZam-Ip¶ AXn- ]pcpj kyarX kymánhmK- t ]y- X n, hmXw
{]mW, Ý£p-cm-Zn-Xyw, a\-Ý-{µw, Znix t{im{Xw,
{K-l- ¯m {Kln-¡-s¸-«n-cn- ¡p-¶p. t{im{Xw-sIm-­m-WtÃm
i_vZ-§sf ]d-bp-¶-Xv. ]rYnhow ico-c, amIm-i-amßu j[oÀtemam\n,
h\- k v ] - X o- ³ tImix, A]v k p- t em- l nXw N
a\Êp {Kl-am-Ip-¶p. B {Klw Ima-am-Ip¶ AXn-{K-l-
tcXÝ \n[o-btX; Izmbw XZm ]pcp-tjm`hXn?
¯m {Kln-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. a\ÊpsIm-­m-WtÃm Ima-
CXn. Blc tkmay, lkvXa - mÀ¯`mKm, -f f-
§sf ]d-bp-¶-Xv.
N P

I hmta- s sh-X ky thZn- j ym-t hm, \ \mthXXv
kP\ CXn. Xu tlmXv{I-ay a{´bmw N {ImtX.
Xu lb-Zq-NXpx IÀ½ sslh-XZ- q-NXpx; AY
bXv { ]- i - i w- k Xpx IÀ½ sslh XXv {]i
iwkXpx ]ptWym ssh ]ptWy\ IÀ½Wm
`hXn, ]m]x ]mt]-t\-Xn. XtXml Pmc-XvIm-ch
BÀ¯-`mK D]-c-cm-a.
bmÚ-hÂIy F¶ hnfn¨v BÀ¯-`m-K- h³ tNmZn¨p:þ
Ft¸m-gmtWm arX-\mb Cu ]pcp-jsâ hm¡v Aánsb
A]n-K-an- ¡p-¶-Xv, Aán-bn ebn-¡p-¶-Xv, {]mW³ hmX-
s¯bpw N£pÊv BZn-Xy-s \bpw a\Êp N{µ-s\bpw
t{im{Xw Zn¡p-I-sfbpw icocw ]rYn-hn-sbbpw Bßmhv
BIm-i-s¯bpw tcma-§Ä Hmj-[n-I-sfbpw tIi-§Ä
hr£-§-sfbpw A]-K-an-¡p-¶-Xv, càhpw ip¢hpw A¸p-
I-fn \nt£- ]n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv, At¸mÄ Cu ]pcp-j³ Fhn-
sS- b m-I p¶p? F´ns\ B{i- b n¨n- c n-¡ p¶p? F¶v .
skuay\mb BÀ¯-`m-K, ssIX-cnI! \mw c­p-t]cpw
am{Xw CXns\ kw_- Ôn¨v \ncq-]Ww sN¿mw. \ap¡v CXv
P\-§Ä DÅn-S-¯p-h¨v ]mSn-Ã. F¶ bmÚ-hÂIy³ ]d-
ªp. AhÀ DÂ{I-an-¨n-«v, BfpÅ Øe¯p \n¶v t]mbn«v
a{´n-¨p. AhÀ F´p-]-d-ªpthm AXns\ tIÄ¡p! IÀ½-
s¯-¯-s¶-bmWv AhÀ AhnsS ]d-ªX - v. A\-´cw
GXns\ {]iw-kn-¨pthm AXp tIÄ¡pI! IÀ½-s¯-¯-
s¶- bmWv AhÀ AhnsS {]iw-kn-¨X - v. ]pWy-amb IÀ½w-
sIm­v ]pWy-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. ]m]-amb IÀ½w-sIm­p
]m]\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶ p. A\-´cw Pc-XvIm-cp-tKm-{X-P-\mb
BÀ¯-`m-K-³ D]-c-an-¨p-þ-hn-c-an-¨p.
aq¶mw {_mÒWw
19. D]þ Ah ssl\w `qPypÀem-lym-b\nx ]{]-Ñþ
bmÚ-hevtIy Xn tlm hmNþ at{Zjp NcImx
] c y- { h- P m- a . tX ] X © - e k y Im] yk y
Krlmss\-a. Xky -f -f koZv ZplnXm KÔÀh-
KrloXm. Xa ]rÑma tIm - f ko Xn. tkm -f
{_hoXv kp[\zm -f f- MvKnck CXn. Xw bZm
temIm\ma- ´ m\ ]rÑm- a m- s sY- \ a ]rÑma
Iz]mcn£nXm A`-h-¶n-Xn. Iz]m-cn-£nXm A`-
h³? k Xzm ]rÑman bmÚ-h-evIy, Iz ]mcn-
£nXm A`-h-¶nXn
A\-´cw ely-sâ A]-Xy-amb emlysâ A]-Xy-amb
`qPyp F¶ BÄ bmÚh-evIy-t\mSv tNmZn-¨p. bmÚ-
hevIy F¶p kwt_m-[\ sNbvXn«v AbÄ ]dªp:þ a{Z-
tZ-i-§-fn Nc-I-·m-cm-bn«v (E-Xzn-¡p-IÄ Bbn-«v) R§Ä
k©-cn-¨n-cp-¶p. A§s\ k©-cn-¨p-sIm-­n-cp¶ R§Ä
\memw {_mÒWw
I]n-tKm-{X-Pm-X-\mb ]X-©-esâ Krl-¯n t]mbn-cp-¶p. 21. D]þ AY ssl\-ap-j-kvXÝ- m-{Im-bWx ]{]Ñ
Ahsâ ]p{Xn Hcp KÔÀh-\m {Kln-¡-s¸-«n-cp-¶p. B
KÔÀh-t\mSv \o BcmWv? F¶v R§Ä tNmZn-¨p. Ah³,
N P
310
tKm{X-¯n BMvKn-c-k-\mb kp[-\zmhp F¶v ]d-ªp. K
Ah-t\mSv temI-§-fpsS AXn-cp-Isf tNmZn-¨t- ¸mÄ Iq«-
¯n ]mcn-£n- X- ·mÀ Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cp¶p? F¶v R§Ä
tNmZn-¨p. ]mcn-£n- X-·mÀ Fhn-sS-bm-bn-cp¶p F¶v Ah³
R§Ä¡p ]d-ªp-X-¶p. AÃtbm bmÚ-hevIy B
Rm³ \nt¶mSp tNmZn-¡p-¶p, ]mcn-£n-X-·mÀ Fhn-sS-bm-
bn- cp¶p?
20. D]þ ktlm-hm-Nmþ DhmN ssh tkm -f Kѳ
ssh tX XZv bm{Xm-iz-ta-[m-bmPn t\mK-Ñ´ - oXn
Zzm{Xnw-i Xw ssh tZh-c-Ym-Óy-m\ybw temIx
Xw ka´w ]rYnho ZznkvXm-hXv ]tcy-Xn. Xmw
ka´w ]rYnhow ZznkvXm-hXv kap{Zx ]tcyXn.
\`ym-hXo £pcky [mcm bmhZzm a£nImbmx
] {X w X mhm- \ - ´ - t c W - f Imi x X m\ n{Zx
kp]Àt®m `qXzm hmbth {]mb- Ñ Xv Xm³
hmbpcmß\n [nXzm X{Xm-K-a-b Zv b{Xm-iz-ta[
bmPnt\m -f `h¶n tXyh-anh ssh k hmbp
tah {]iiw-k. Xkvam-Zzm-bp-tch hyãnÀhbpx
kaãnx. A]- ] p- \ À½rXypw PbXn b Ghw
thZXtXml `qPypÀem-lym-b-\n-cp-] -c-cm-a.
bÚ-h-evIy³ ]dªp:þ B KÔÀƳ ]dª-Xv,
AhÀþ ]mcn- £n-X- ·mÀ, Fhn-sS-bm- tWm, Aiz-ta-[w-sIm­p
bPn-¡p-¶-hÀ t]mIp-¶Xv AhnsS t]mbn. F¶m-Wv. Aiz-
ta-[w- sIm­p bPn¡p- ¶- hÀ Fhn- sS-bmWp t]mIp- ¶- sX¶p
]d-bmw. Cu temIw ap¸-¯n-c­v tZh-c-Ym-Óy-§Ä BWv.
B temI-¯n\p Npäpw AXnsâ c­p-a-S§p ]cn- am-W-¯nÂ
]rYnhn InS-¡p-¶p. B ]rYn-hn¡p Npäpw B ]rYnhn-bpsS
]cn-am-W-¯nsâ c­n-c«n hen-¸-¯n kap{Zw InS¡p-¶p.
]ns¶, I-¯n-bpsS hmbv¯e F{X ]cn-am-W-ap-Å-Xm-tWm,
AsÃ-¦n Cu¨-bpsS NndIv GXp ]cn-am-W-ap-Å-XmtWm
A{X-bpw, AsÃ-¦n AtX ]cn-am-W-ap-Å-XmWv a[y-¯n-
epÅ BIm-iw. B Aiz-ta-[-bm-Pn-I-sf, C{µ³, ]c-ta-iz-
c³, Aiz-ta-[ -¯ n Nbn-¡ -s¸« Aán ]£n-b m-bn-
¯oÀ¶n«v hmbp-hnsâ ]¡Â Gev]n-¨p. hmbp Ahsc
Xsâ cq]-¯n-em-¡n-bn«v ap³]p t]mb Aiz-ta-[-bm-Pn-IÄ
Fhn-sS-bmtWm Ccp-¶n-«p-Å-Xv, AhnsS F¯n-¨p. C§s\
B KÔÀh³ hmbp-hns\ {]iw-kn-¨p. AXn-\m hmbp
Xs¶-bmWv ]e {]Im-c-¯n hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p¶Xv; hmbp-
hmWv tIh-e-amb kq{Xmßm-hmbn ØnXn sN¿p-¶-Xv.
BcmtWm C§s\ Adn-bp-¶Xv Ah³ ho­p-apÅ ac-
Ws¯ A]-P-bn-¡p-¶p. A\-´cw emlysâ A]-Xy-amb
`qPyp AS-§n.
bmÚ-h - e vtIyXn tlmhmN:þ bÕm-£ m- Z]
tcm£mZv {_Ò, b Bßm-kÀhm-´-ckvXw ta
 311

I hymN£z CXn. Gj X Bßm kÀhm´cx, K

IX tam bmÚ - h - e v¡ y, k À Æ´ c x? bx
{]mtW\ {]mWnXn k X Bßm kÀhm-´-tcm,
tbm -f ]mt\-\m-]m-\oXn k X Bßm kÀhm-
´-tcm, tbm hymt\\ hym\oXn k X Bßm
kÀhm-´-tcm, b DZm-t\-t\m-Zm\nXn k X Bßm
kÀhm-´cx; Gj X Bßm kÀhm-´cx.
A\-´cw N{Isâ A]-Xy-amb Dj-kvX³ bmÚ-h-
evIyt\mSp tNmZn¨p: bmÚ-hevIy F¶p hnf-C¨v Ah³
]dªp: GXmtWm km£m-¯m-bpw, asäm-¶n-\m {`ãm-
hnÂ\n¶pw ad-bv¡-s¸-Sm-¯-Xm-bpw, KuW-a-Ãm-¯-Xmbpw
DÅ {_Òw, GXmtWm FÃm- ¯n- \p- apÅ Bßm- hv, AXns\
F\n¡p kv]ã- ambn ]d-ªp-X-cn-I. \nsâ Imcy-Im-c-W-kw-
L-¯nsâ Cu Bßm-hmWv kÀÆ-¯n\pw DÅn-ep-ÅXv
F¶p bmÚ-h-eI v y³ ]d-ªp. bmÚ-hevIym GXmWv
FÃm-¯n\pw DÅn-ep-Å-Xv. Dj-kX v ³ ]ns¶bpw tNmZn¨p:
GXmtWm {]mW-s\-s¡m­v {]mW-tN-jvSsb sN¿p-¶-Xv,
B Bßm-hmWv kÀÆm-´-c-am-bn-«p-Å-Xv. GXmtWm A]m-
\-s\-s¡m­v A]m-\n-¡p-¶Xv B Bßm-hmWv kÀÆm-´- c-
am-bn-«p-Å-Xv. GXmtWm hym\-s\-s¡m­p hym\n-¡p-¶Xv
B Bßm-hmWv kÀÆm-´- c-am-bn-«p-Å-Xv. GXmtWm DZm-\-
s\-s¡m­v DZm-\n-¡p-¶Xv B Bßm-hmWv kÀÆm-´-c-am-
bn-«p-ÅX - v. A§-s\-bpÅ \nsâ Bßm-hm-W,v Imcy-Im-c-
W-k-ML v mX-¯nsâ Bßm-hmWv kÀhm-´- c-am-bn-«p-Å-Xv.
kÀÆm-´-c-am-bn-«p-Å-Xv. CsXm-gn¨p aäp-ÅXv BÀ¯-am-Ip-
¶p, hn\m-in-bm-Ip¶p F¶v bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]d-ªp. A\-
´cw Nm{Im-b-W-\mb Dj-kvX³ D]-c-an-¨p, AS-§n.
A©mw {_mÒWw
23. D]þ AY ssl\w Itlmex Iujo-X -tIbx
]{]Ñ; bmÚ-h -e vt IyXn tlmhm- N . btZh
km£m-Z-]-tcm-£mZv {_Òb Bßm kÀÆm´-
ckv X w ta hymNt£z Xn. Gj X Bßm
kÀhm-´ cx IXtam bmÚ- h ev I y, kÀhm-
´tc? tbm -f i\m-bm-]n-]m-tk, timIw, tamlw,
Pcmw arXyp-a-tXy-X n. GXw ssh Xamßm\w
hnZnXzm {_ÒWmx ]pss{X-jWmbmÝ hnss¯-
j-Wm-bmÝ temssI-j-WmbmÝ hyp°m-bmY
`n£m-Ncyw Nc-´n. b tlyh ]pss{X-jWm km
hnss¯-j-Wm, bm hnss¯jWm km temssI-
jWm; Dt` tlytX GjtW Gh `hXx.
Xkv a mZv {_mÒWx ]m Þ nXyw \nÀhnZy
_mtey\ XnjvTm-tkXv; _meyw N ]mÞnXyw
N \nÀÆn-Zym-Ya
- p\n; Aau\w N au\w N \nÀhn-
ZymY {_mÒWx k{_- m ÒWx tI\ kymXv
tb\kymt¯-t\-Zri Gh AtXm -f \y`mÀ¯w
XtXm, l Itlmex IujoX tIb D]-c-cm-a.

22. D]þ ktlm-hm-tNm-j-k vXÝ - m-{Im-btWm bYm A\-´cw bmÚ-h-eI v y-t\mSv Ipjn-X-Isâ ]p{X-\mb
hn{_ qbm Zk u Ku c - k m- h i z C tX y- h - Itlm-e³ F¶ {_mlm-a-W³ tNmZn-¨p. bmÚ-h-evIy,
taÀsshXZv hy]-Znãw `h-Xn. btZh km £mZ- F¶p hnfn¨p AbmÄ ]dªp:þ GXp-X-s¶- bmtWm {Zãm-
]tcm£mZv {_Ò b Bßm kÀhm-´-ckvXw hn \n¶v Ahy-h-ln-X-ambpw apJy-am-bp-apÅ {_Òw,
ta hymN£z CXn. Gj X Bßm kÀhm-´cx GXmtWm kÀh-¯n\pw DÅn-epÅ Bßm-h,v B Bßm-
IX tam bmÚ - h - e v¡ y, k À hm- ´ c x? hns\ F\n¡p hymJym-\n- ¨p-X-cn-I. Cu \nsâ Bßm-hmWv
\ZrtãÀ{Z-ãmcw ]tiyx; \ {iptXx t{imXmcw kÀÆm-´- c-am-bn-«p-ÅXv? F¶p bmÚh-evIy³ ]d-ªp.
irWpbmx; \ atXÀ½-´mcw a\zoYmx; \ hnÚm- AÃtbm bmÚ-h-eI v ym, GXmWv kÀÆm-´-c-am-bn-«p-ÅXv
tXÀ hnÚm-Xmcw hnPm-\obmx Gj X Bßm- F¶p ]ns¶bpw Itlm-e³ tNmZn-¨p. GXm-ßm-hmtWm
k À hm´ c x; A tX m - f \ yZmÀ ¯ w X tX m Ai-\m-i-tb-bpw, ]n]m-k-tb-bpw, timI-t¯-bpw, Ima-t¯-
tlmjkvX Ým{Im-b W D]-c-cm-a. bpw, taml-t¯-bpw, {`a-t¯-bpw, Pc-tbbpw Imcy-Ic - -W-
k-MvLm-X-¯nsâ hn]-cn-Wm-a-t¯bpw arXyp-hn-t\bpw
N{Isâ ]p{X-\mb Dj-kvX³ ]dªp:þ F{]-Im-c- Imcy-Im-cW kMvLm-X- ¯nsâ hntÑ-Z-t¯bpw AXn-{I-an-
amtWm AXmWv Imf AXmWv IpXnc F¶v amän-¸-d-bp-¶- ¡p-¶-Xv, Ah-\mWv kÀÆm-´-c-\mb Bßm-hv. A§-s\-
Xv, A§n-s\-X-s¶-bmWv Cu {_Òw hy]-tZ-in-¡-s¸-«-Xv. bpÅ Cu Bßm-hns\ Adn-ªn«v {_mÒ-WÀ ]pss{X- j-
GXmtWm km£m-¯mbpw A]-tcm-£- am-bp-apÅ {_Òw, W-bnÂ\n¶pw hnss¯-jW - -bnÂ\n¶pw temssI-j-W-
GXmtWm kÀÆm-´-c-amb Bßmhv AXns\ F\n¡p bn \n¶pw hyp°m\w sNbvXn-«v-þ-]n³Xn-cn-ªn-«v-þ-`n-£m-
hymJym-\n-¨p-X-cn-I. Cu \nsâ Bßm-hmWv kÀÆm-´-c-am- N-cys¯ Ncn-¡-Ww. ]pss{X-jW GXmtWm AXp-X-s¶-
bn-«p- ÅXv F¶p bmÚ- h- evIy³ ]d- ªp. AÃtbm bmÚ- bmWv hnss¯-jW; hnss¯-jW GtXm AXmWv
hevIy GXmWv kÀÆm-´-c-am-bn-«p-ÅXv? F¶p Dj-kvX³ temssI-j-W. km[y-sa¶pw km[-\-sa¶p ]d-bp¶ Ch
ho­pw tNmZn¨p:þ Zrãn-bp-sS, euIn-In-bmb Zrãn-bpsS c­pw Gj-W-IÄ Xs¶ BIp- ¶p. AXn-\m {_mÒ-W³
{Zãm-hns\ \o ImWp-I-bn-Ã. {ipXn-bp-sS, {ih-W¯- nsâ ]mÞn-Xy-s¯-þ-{_-Ò-hn-Úm-\-s¯, \ntÈjw Adnªn«v,
t{imXm-hn-s\, \o {ihn-¡-bn-Ã. aXn-bpsS a´m-hns\ \o k¼m-Zn-¨n-«v, _e-`m-h-t¯m-Sp-IqSn ØnXn-sN-¿m³ CÑn-¡-
a\\w sN¿p-Ib - n-Ã. hnÚm-Xn-bpsS hnÚm-\¯ - nsâ Ww. _e-`m-h-t¯bpw ]mÞn-Xy-s¯bpw \ntÈjw k¼m-
hnÚm-Xm-hns\ \o Adn-bp-I-bn-Ã. Cu \nsâ Bßm-hmWv Zn-¨n«v ap\n-bm-bn-Xo-cp-¶p. Aau-\-t¯bpw au\-t¯bpw

N P

I \ntÈjw k¼m-Zn-¨n«v {_mÒ-W-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah³
F´p kam-Nm-c-t¯m-Sp-IqSn {_mÒ-Wm-bn-¯ocpw? F¶p
tNmZyw. GXp kam-Nm-c-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm B
kam-Nm-c-t¯m-Sp-IqSn {_mÒ-W-\m-bn-¯ocpw. Cu {_mÒ-
Wym-h-Øm-\-¯nÂ\n-¶v, A\y-am-bn-«p-ÅXv BÀ¯-am-Ip-
¶p-þ-hn-\m-in-bm-Ip-¶p. A\-´cw Ipjn-X-Isâ ]p{X-\mb
Itlm-e³ hnc-an-¨p.
Bdmw {_mÒWw
24. D]-þ-AY ssl\w KmÀKo htN-Iv\ho ]{]Ñ.
bmÚ-h -e v tIyXn tlmhm- N .- þ -b -ZnZw kÀha-
]vtkzmXw N t{]mXw N; Ikvan³ \p Jezm]
HmXmÝ t{]mXmtÝ Xn. hmbu KmÀ¤oXn.
Ikvan³ \pJep hmbp-t cm-XÝ t{]mXtÝXn.
A´-cn-£-tem-tIjp KmÀKo Xn. Imkvan³ \p
Jey-´ -c n-£ -temIm HmXmÝ t{]mXmtÝ Xn.
KÔÀh-tem-tIjp KmÀKo Xn. Ikvan³ \p Jep
KÔÀh- t emIm HmXmÝ t{]m XmtÝ Xn.
BZnXy temtIjp KmÀKo Xn. Ikvan³ \p
Jeym-Zn-Xy-temIm HmXmÝ t{]mXmtÝ Xn. N{µ-
tem-tIjp KmÀKo Xn. Ikvan³ \p Jep N{µ-
te mIm HmX mÝ t{] mX mtÝ X n. \ £ {X
temtIjp KmÀKo Xn. Ikvan³\p Jep \£-{X-
temIm HmXmÝ t{]mXmtÝXn. tZh-tem-tIjp
KmÀKo Xn. Ikv a n³ \p Jep tZh- t emIm
HmXmÝ t{]mXmtÝ Xn. C{µ-tem-tIjp KmÀKo
Xn. Ik v a n³ \p Je zn{µ- t e mIm HmX mÝ
t{]mXmtÝ Xn. {]Pm-]Xn temtIjp KmÀKo Xn.
Ikv an³\p Jep {]Pm-] Xn temIm HmXmÝ
t{]mXmtÝXn. {_Ò- t em- t Ijp KmÀKo Xn.
Ik van³ \ p J e p {_ Ò - t e mIm HmX mÝ
t{]mXmtÝ Xn.
A\-´cw Cu bmÚ-hÂIy-t\mSv hN-Iv\p-hnsâ
]p{Xn- bmbn KmÀKn tNmZn¨p: bmÚ-hÂIy F¶p kwt_m-
[\ sNbvXv AhÄ ]dªp:þ C¡m-Wp¶ ]mÀ°n-h-am-bp-
Å-sXÃmw A¸p- I-fn HmX-ambpw t{]mX-ambpw (A-Xm-bXp
s\Sp-Ibpw Ipdp-sIbpw ]nW-ªv) Ccn-¡p-¶p. A¸p-IÄ
GsXm- ¶n-emWv HmX- §-fmbpw t{]mX-§- fmbpw Ccn- ¡p-¶Xv?
F¶v tNmZn-¨p. AÃtbm KmÀKn, hmbp-hn-em-Ip¶p'' F¶v
bmÚ-hÂIy³ D¯cw ]d-ªp. ""hmbp GsXm-¶n- emWv
HmX-ambpw t{]mX-ambpw Ccn-¡p-¶Xv?'' F¶p tNmZn-¨p. ""
AÃtbm KmÀKn, A´-co-£-tem-I§ - -fn-em-Ip¶p F¶
D¯cw \ÂIn. A´-co-£- tem-I-§Ä GsXm- ¶n-emWv HmX-
§fpw t{]mX-§-fp- am-bn-cn- ¡p-¶Xv? F¶p tNmZyw. AÃtbm
KmÀKn KÔÀÆ-tem-I-§-fn-em-Ip¶p F¶p-¯-cw. KÔÀÆ-
tem-I§ - Ä GsXm-¶n-emWv HmX-§fpw t{]mX-§-fp-am-bn-cn-
¡p-¶Xv F¶p tNmZyw. AÃtbm KmÀKn, BZnXytem-I§
fnem-Ip¶p F¶p- ¯-cw. BZn-Xytem- I-§Ä GXn-emWv HmX-
N P
312
§fpw t{]mX-§-fp- am-bn-cn- ¡p-¶Xv? F¶p tNmZyw. AÃtbm K
KmÀKn N{µ-tem-I-§-f n-em-Ip¶p F¶p-¯-cw. N{µ-tem-I-
§Ä F´n-emWv HmX-§-fmbpw t{]mX-§-fm-bp-an-cn-bv¡p-
¶Xv? F¶p tNmZyw AÃtbm KmÀKn, \£-{X-tem-I-§-fn-
em-Ip¶p F¶p-¯-cw. \£-{X-tem-I-§Ä GsXm-¶n-em-W,v
HmX-§fpw t{]mX-§-fp-am-bn-c n-¡p¶Xv F¶p tNmZyw.
AÃtbm KmÀKn, tZh-tem-I-§-fn F¶p-¯cw tZh-tem-
I-§Ä GsXm-¶n- emWv HmX- §fpw t{]mX-§-fp-am-bn-cn-¡p-
¶Xv? F¶p tNmZyw AÃtbm KmÀKn, C{µ-tem-I-§-fnÂ
F¶p- ¯-cw. C{µ-tem-I- §Ä F´n- emWv HmX-§fpw t{]mX-
§-fp-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv? F¶p tNmZyw AÃtbm KmÀKn, {]Pm-
]Xn temI-§-fn F¶p-¯-cw. {]Pm-]-Xn-tem-I-§Ä F´n-
emWv HmX-§-fpw - t{]m-X-§-fp-am- bn-cn- ¡p¶Xv? F¶p tNmZyw.
AÃtbm KmÀKn, {_Ò-tem-I-§-fn F¶v D¯-cw. {_Ò-
tem-I-§Ä F´n-emWv HmX- §fpw t{]mX-§-fp-am-bn-cn-¡p-
¶Xv? F¶p tNmZyw. bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]dªp:þ AÃtbm
KmÀKn, AXn-{]iv\w sN¿m-Xn-cn-¡p-I. \nsâ aqÀ²mhv hn]-
Xn-bv¡m-Xn-cn-b¡
v -s«. AXn {]iv\-¯n\v hnj-b-a-Ãm¯ tZh-
X-sb-¡p-dn-¨mWv \o AXn-{]iv\w sN¿p-¶Xv. AÃtbm
KmÀKn sN¿m-Xn-cn-¡p-I. A\-´cw hN-Iv\p-hnsâ ]p{Xn-
bmb KmÀKn AS-§n.
Ggmw {_mÒWw
25. D]þ AY ssl\-a p- ± m- e I BcpWnx ]{]Ñ;
bmÚhÂtIyXn tlmhm-Nþ at{Z-jz-h-kma]X-
©-eky Im]yky Krtljp bÚ a[obm\mx;
Xkym -f -f koZv `mcym KÔÀh-Kr-lnX; Xa]r-
Ñma tIm f- ko Xn; tkm -f {_hoXv I_Ô
BYÀhW CXn. tkm -f {_hoXv ]X©ew
Im]yw bmÚn-Imw-Ýþ th° \p Xzw Im]y,
XXv kq{Xw, tb\mbw N temIx ]civN temIx
kÀhmWn N `qXm\n kµy-_v[m\n `h´o Xn.
tkm -f {_hoXv ]X-©ex Imt]ym\mlw XZv
`K-h³, thtZ Xn. tkm -f {_hoXv. ]X-©ew
Im]yw-bm-Ú-nImwÝ th°\pXzw Im]ym Xa-
´-cym-an-Ww, b Caw N temIw ]cw NtemIw
kÀhmWn N `qXm\ntbm -f ´tcm ba-bXo Xn.
tkm f- {_hoXv ]X©ex Imt]ym \mlw Xw
`K-h³, thtZ Xn. tkm f- {_hoXv ]X-© ew
Im]yw bmÚnImwÝþ tbm ssh XXv Im]ym
kq{Xw hnZymXv Xw Nm´-cy, anW-an-Xn, k {_Ò-
hn-Xv, k temI-hn-Xv, k tZhn-Xv, k thZ-hn-Xv,
k`qXzn-X v, k Bß-hn-X v, k kÀh-hnZv CXn.
tX`ym - f {_hoZv ; XZlw thZ; Xt¨¯zw
bmÚ-h ÂIy, kq{X-a-h n-Zzmwkv X w Nm´cym
anW w {_ Ò- K - h o- µ - Z - P - t k, aqÀ ²w tX hn
]XnjyXo Xn. thZhm Alw KuX- a , XXv
- -
kq{Xw Xw Nm´-c ym-anW anXn tbmhm CZw
 313

I {_qbmZv thZ thtZXn; bYm th° XYm{_qlo B bmÚ-hÂIy³ ]dªp: AÃtbm KuX-a, B K
Xn. kq{Xw hmbp-hm-Ip-¶p. KuX-a, hmbp-hm-Ip¶ kq{X-¯m-
et{X Cu temIhpw ]c-tem-Ihpw FÃm `qX-§fpw sI«-
KmÀKn AS-§n- b-Xnsâ tijw bmÚ- h- eI v y- t\mSv Acp- s¸- «n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. AXp-sIm-­m-Wv, acn¨ ]pcp- j-·m-sc- ¡p-dn¨v
Wsâ ]p{X- \mb D±m-e-I³ tNmZn-¨p. bmÚ-hevIy F¶v Chsâ Ah-b-h§ - Ä Abªpt]mbn F¶v ]d-bm-dp-Å-
kwt_m-[\ sNbvXv AbmÄ ]dªp: a{Z- tZ-i-¯v, I]n- tKm- Xv. KuX-a, AXn-\m hmbp-hm-Ip¶ kq{X-¯m BWv
{X- Pm-X- \mb ]X-©-esâ Krl-¯nÂ, bÚ-im-k{v Xs¯ sI«-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. AÃtbm bmÚ-hÂIy, CXv C§-s\-
A²y-b\w sNbvXp-sIm­v \mw ]mÀ¯n-cp-¶p. Ahsâ Xs¶ A´-cym-an-sb-¡p-dn¨p ]d-bp-I. F¶p KuX-a³ ]d-
`mcy Hcp KÔÀÆ- \m {Kln- ¡- s¸-«-hÄ Bbn-¯oÀ¶p. B ªp.
KÔÀÆ-t\mSv A§v BcmWv? F¶v R§Ä tNmZn-¨p. B
KÔÀƳ AYÀÆm- hnsâ ]p{X- \mb I_- Ô- \m- Ip¶p F¶v 27. D]þ bx ]rYnhymw XnjvT³ ]rYnhym A´-tcm,
]d- ªp. B KÔÀƳ Im]y- \mb ]X- ©- e- t\mSpw bÚw bw ]rYnho \ thZ, bky ]rYnho ico-cw, bx
A²y-b\w sN¿p-¶-h-tcmSp tNmZn¨pþ AÃtbm Im]y, ]rYn- h o- a- ´ tcm b ab tXyjX Bß - f - f
GXn-\m-emtWm Cu temIhpw Cu P·hpw ]c-tem-Ihpw ´cym ayarXx.
hcp¶ P·-hpw, FÃm `qX- §epw kµr-_v[-§-fm-bn-cn-¡p- BcmtWm ]rYn-hn-bn ØnXn-sN-bvXp-sIm­v ]rYn-
¶- Xv, sI«- s¸-«n-cn- ¡p-¶-Xv, B kq{Xs¯ \o Adn-bp- ¶pthm? hn-bnÂ\n¶v DÅn-ep-Å-h\ - m-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv, Bsc-bmtWm
B Im]y-\mb ]X-©-e³, `K-hm-t\, B kq{Xs¯ Rm³ ]rYn-ho-tZ-hX Adn-bm-¯-Xv, BÀ¡mtWm icocw ]rYn-hn-
Adn-bp-¶nà F¶p ]dªp. B KÔÀƳ Im]y-\mb ]X- bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv, BcmtWm DÅn Ccp-¶p-sIm­v ]rYn-
©-e-t\mSpw bmÚn- I- ·m-tcmSpw tNmZn¨p:þ AÃtbm Im]y, ho-tZ-h-Xsb \nb-an-¡p-¶-Xv, Ch-\mWv \nsâ Bßm-hp,
BcmtWm Cu temIt¯bpw, ]c- tem- I- t¯- bpw, FÃm `qX- Aar-X-\pw, bmsXmcp kwkm-c-[À½-hp-an-Ãm-¯- h\ - p-amb
§-tfbpw DÅn Ccp-¶p-sIm­v ban-¡p-¶Xv (\n-b-{´n-¡p- A´-cym-an. Ch-s\-¸-än-bmWv \o tNmZn-¨-Xv.
¶-Xv) B A´-cym-ansb \o Adn- bp-¶pthm? B Im]y-\mb
]X-©-e³, `K-hm-t\, B A´-cym-ansb Rm³ Adn- bp-¶nà 28. D] tbm - f ]v k p Xnjv T - ¶ Zv t `ym - f ´tcm,
F¶p ]d-ªp. B KÔÀƳ Im]y-\mb ]X-©-e-t\mSpw bamt]m\ hnZp, cy kym - f - f ]x ico- c w,
bmÚn-I-·m-tcmSpw ]dªp: AÃtbm Im]y, BcmtWm tbmt]m f- ´tcmba-b-tXyj X Bßm -f ´cym
B kq{X-t¯bpw B A´-cym-an-tbbpw C{]-Imcw Adn- ayarXx
bp-¶-Xv, Ah³ {_Òs¯ Adn-bp-¶-h-\m-Ip-¶p. Ah³ Bcv A¸p-I - f n ØnXn-s N-b vX p-s Im­v A¸p-I -
temI-§sf Adn-bp-¶-h-\m-Ip-¶p. Ah³ tZh-·msc Adn- fnÂ\n¶v DÅn-ep-Åh - \
- m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, Bsc A¸p-I-
bp-¶-h\ - m-Ip-¶p-. Ah³ thZ-§sf Adn-bp-¶-h\ - m-Ip-¶p. fpsS tZhX Adn-bp-¶n- Ã-tbm, BÀ¡v A¸p-IÄ ico-ca - m-
Ah³ `qX-§sf Adn-bp- ¶- h- \m-Ip- ¶p. Ah³ Bßm- hns\ Ip-¶p-thm, Bcv DÅn Ccp-¶p-sIm­v A¸p-I-fpsS tZh-
Adn-bp-¶-h-\m-Ip-¶p. B R§Ä¡v Ah³ kq{Xm-´-cym- Xsb kz hym]m- c-¯n \nb- an-¡p- ¶pthm Ch-\mWv \nsâ
an-Isf kw_-Ôn¨ hnÚm-\ s¯ ]d-ªp-X-cn-Ibpw Bßmhpw bmsXmcp kwkm-c-[À½-hp-an-Ãm-¯-h-\p-amb
sNbvXp. B hnÚm-´sX Rm³ Adn-bp-¶p. AÃtbm A´-cym-an.
bmÚ-hevIy, B kq{X-t¯bpw B A´Àbm-an-tbbpw
29. tbm -f áu XnjvT-¶ -tá-c -´ -tcm, ba-á nÀ¶
Ad-bm-sX-bm-Wv, \o {_Ò-Ú- ·m-cpsS kz¯mb tKm¡sf
thZ, bkymánx ico-cw, tbm -f ána-´tcmba-
sXfn- ¨p-sIm-­p-t]m-Ip- ¶- sX- ¦n \nsâ Xe sXdn- ¨p-t]mIpw
b, tXyj X Bßm f- ´cym-ay-a rXx.
F¶v. AÃtbm KuX-a, B kq{X-t¯bpw B A´-cym-an-
tbbpw F\n¡v Adn-bm-atÃm F¶v bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]d- Bcv Aán-bn ØnXn sNbvXp-sIm­v Aán-bnÂ\n¶v
ªp. CXv F\n¡v Adnbmw Adn-bm-sa¶v GsXm-cp-h\pw DÅn- em-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, Bsc Aán tZhX Adn-bp-¶n-
]d-bmw. \o Adn-bp-¶Xp t]mse ]d-bpI F¶v D±m-e-I³ Ãtbm BÀ¡v Aán ico-c-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, Bcv DÅnÂ
]d-ªp. Ccp-¶p-sIm­v Aán tZh-Xsb kz hym]m-c-¯n \nb-an-
¡p-¶p-thm, Ah-\m-Wv, \nsâ Bßmhp Aar-X -h pw,
26. D]- þ k tlmhm- N þ hmbpÀssÆ KuX- a , X
bmsXmcp kwkmc-[À½-hp-an-Ãm-¯-h\ - p-amb A´-cym-an.
Õq{Xw; hmbp\m ssh KuX-a, kqt{X-Wmbw
N temIx ]cÝ temIx kÀhmWn N `qXm\n 30. D]þ tbm -f ´cot£ XnjvT-¶-´-cn-£m-Z-´-tcm.
kµr-_v[m\n `h´n; XkvamssZz KuXa ]pcpjw ba´-cn£w \ thZ, bkym-´-cn£w ico-c w,
t{]X- a m- l qÀ hy{kw- k n-j - X m-k ymMvK m\oXn. tbm -f ´cn-£-a-´-tcm-a-b, tXyj X Bßm f-
hmbp\m ln KuX-a, kqt{XW kµr_v[m\n ´cymay arXx.
`h´o Xn. Ghta sshXZv bmÚh-evIym-´- Bcv A´-co-£-¯n ØnXn-sN-bvXp-sIm­v A´-co-
cym-anWw {_qln Xn. £- ¯nÂ\n¶p DÅn-em-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, Bsc A´-co-£-

N P
 314

I tZ-hX Adn-bp-¶nÃ-tbm, BÀ¡v A´-co£w ico-c-am-bn-cn- h\pw N{µ-t\-¡mfpw \£-{X- §-sf-¡mfpw DÅn-ep-Å-h-\p- K
¡p- ¶p-thm, Bcv DÅn-cp- ¶p-sIm­v A´-co- £- tZ-h-Xsb kz am-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv Bsc-bmtWm N{µ-sâbpw \£-{X-§-fp-
hym]m- c -¯ n \nb-a n-¡ p- ¶ p-t hm, Ch-\ m-W v , \nsâ sSbpw tZhX Adn-bm-¯-Xv, BÀ¡mtWm N{µ\pw \£-{X-
Bßmhpw Aar-X- hp-amb A´-cym-an. §fpw ico- c- am-bn-cn- ¡p-¶- Xv, BcmtWm DÅn-en- cp-¶p-sIm­v
N{µ-sâbpw \£-{X- §-fp-sSbpw tZh-Xsb \nb-an-¡p-¶Xv,
31. D]þ tbm hmbu XnjvT³ hmtbm-c-´-tcm, bw
Ch-\m-Wv, \nsâ Bßmhpw Aar-X- \p-amb A´-cym-an.
hmbp˦-th-Z, bky hmbpx ico-cw. tbm hmbp-
a´tcm ba-b, tXyj X Bßm f- ´cym-ay-a rXx. 36. b BIm-ti-Xn-jvT-¶m-Im-im-Z-´-tcm, bam-Imti
\ thZ, bkym f- -f Imix ico-cw, b BIm-i-
Bcv hmbp- hn ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶- h\pw hmbp- hn- t\-¡mÄ
a´ tcm ba-b , tXj X Bßm -f ´cym-ay-
DÅn-ep-Å-h-\p-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, Bsc hmbp-tZ-hX Adn-
arXx
bp-¶n-Ãtbm BÀ¡v hmbp ico-c-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, Bcv
DÅn-en- cp-¶p-sIm­v hmbp-tZ-h- sXb \nb-an-¡p-¶p-thm, Ch- BcmtWm BIm-i- ¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-h-\pw, BIm-
\mWv \nsâ Bßmhpw Aar-X-\p-amb A´-cym-an. i- t¯- ¡mÄ DÅn- ep- Å- h\pw Bbn- cn- ¡p-¶- Xv, Bsc- bmtWm
BIm-i- tZ-hX Adn-bm-¯-Xv, BÀ¡mtWm BImiw ico-c-
32. D]þ tbm Znhn XnjvT ³ Znthm f- ´tcm, bw
am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv, BcmtWm DÅn-en-cp-¶p-sIm­v BIm-i- tZ-
Zru˦ thZ, bky Zyux ico-cw, tbm Znh-a-
h-Xsb \nb-an-¡p-¶-Xv, Ch-\m-Wv, \nsâ Bßmhpw Aar-
´tcm bab, tXyj X Bßm f- ´cym-ayarXx.
X-\p-amb A´-cym-an.
Bcv tZymhn Ccn-¡p-¶-h\pw tZymhn-t\-¡mÄ DÅn-
37. D]þ bkvXa - kn XnjvTw-kvX-atkm f- ´tcm, bw
ep-Å-h-\p-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, Bsc tZymhv,-þ-Zyp-tZ-hX Adn-
Xtam \ thZ, bky Xax ico-cw, bkvXtam f-
bp-¶n- Ã-tbm, BÀ¡v tZymhp ico-c-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, Bcv
´ tcm ba-b, tXj X Bßm -f ´cym-ay-arXx
DÅn-en-cp-¶p-sIm­v tZymhn-s\-þ-Zyp-tZ-h-X sb \nb-an¡p-
¶pthm Ch- \mWv \nsâ Bßmhp Aar- X-\p- amb A´cym-an. BcmtWm Xa-ÊnÂ-þ-B-h-c-Wm-ß-I-amb _mly-X-a-
Ên ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-h\pw Xa-Ên-s\-¡mÄ DÅn-ep-Å-h-
33. D]þ b BZntXy XnjvT-¶m-Zn-Xym-Z-´-tcm, bam
\p-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv, Bsc-bmtWm Xa-Ê,v Xtam-tZ-h-X, Adn-
ZntXym \ thZ bkym -f -f ZnXyx icocw b B
bp-¶n-Ãm-¯Xv BÀ¡mtWm XaÊv ico-c-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv,
ZnXy-a-´tcm ba-b, tXyj X Bßm f- ´cymay
BcmtWm DÅn-en-cp-¶psIm­v Xa-Ên-s\, Xtam-tZ-h-X-sb,
arXx
\nb-an-¡p-¶-Xv, Ch-\m-Wv, \nsâ Bßmhpw Aar-X-\p-amb
Bcv BZn-Xy-\n ØnXn-sN- ¿p-¶- h\pw BZn- Xy-t\- ¡mÄ A´-cym-an.
DÅn-ep-Å-h-\p-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm Bsc BZn-Xy-tZ-hX Adn-
38. D]-þb - -kvtX-Pkn XnjvTw-kvtXtkm -f ´tcm, bw
bp-¶n-Ã-tbm, BÀ¡v BZn-Xy³ ico-ca - m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm,
Bcv DÅn Ccp-¶p-sIm­v BZn-Xy-tZ-h-Xsb \nb-an-¡p-
tXtPm \ thZ bky tXPx ico-cw, bkvtXtPm
-f ´tc, ba-b, tXyj X Bßm f- ´cym- ay-
¶p-thm, Ch-\mWv \nsâ Bßmhp Aar-X-\p-amb A´-
arXx CXy [nssZ-h-Xw.
cym-an.
BcmtWm tXP-ÊnÂþ {]Im-i-km-am-\y-¯nÂ-þ-Øn-Xn-
34. D]þ tbm `n£p XnjvS³ ZnKvt`ym f- ´tcm bw
sN-¿p-¶-h-\pw, tXP-Ên-s\-¡mÄ DÅn DÅ-h\ - p-am-bn-cn-
Zntim \ hnZp, cyky Znix ico-cw, tbm Zntim -
¡p-¶-Xv, Bsc-bmtWm tXP-Ê-vþ-tX-tPm-tZ-h-X-þ-A-dn-bp-¶-Xn-
f ´tcm ba-b , tXyj X Bßm -f ´cymay
Ãm- ¯-Xv, BcmtWm Df-fn Ccp- ¶p- sIm­v tXtPm-tZ-h-Xsb
arXx.
\nb-an-¡p-¶-Xv, Ch-\m-Wv \nsâ Bßmhpw Aar-X-\p-amb
BcmtWm Zn¡p-I-fn ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-h\pw Zn¡p-I- A´-cym-an. C§-s\-bmWv A´- cym-antb kw_-Ôn¨ A[n-
fnÂ\n¶v DÅn-ep-Å-h-\p-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv, Bsc-bmtWm ssZ-h-X-amb ZÀi-\w.
Zn¡p-IÄ, ZnKvtZ-hX - -IÄ Adn-bm-¯-Xv, BÀ¡mtWm Zn¡p-
39. D]- þ - A - Y m- [ n- ` q- X w- þ bx kÀthjp `qtXjp
IÄ ico-c-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv, BcmtWm DÅn-en-cp-¶p-sIm­v
XnjvT ³ kÀtht`ym `qtXt`ym -f ´tcm, bw
Zn¡p-I-sf-þ-Zn-KvtZ-h-X-Isf \nb-an-¡p-¶-X,v Ch-\mWv \nsâ
kÀhmWn `qXm\n \hn-Zp, cyky kÀhmWn
Bßmhpw Aar-X-\p-amb A´-cym-an.
`qXm\n icocw, bx kÀhmWn `qXm-\y-´ tcm
35. D]þ bÝ-{µ-Xm-ctI XnjvTw Ý{µ-Xm-c-Im-Z-´-tcm, bab tXyj X Bßm -f ´cym-ay-arXx CXy-[n-
bw N{µ-Xm-cIw \ thZ, bky N{µ-Xm-cIw ico- `qXw
cw, bÝ- { µ- X m- c - I - a - ´ tcm bab tXyjy X
A\-´cw `qX-§-fn A´-cym-ansb kw_-Ôn-¨pÅ
Bßm f- ´cym-ay-arXx.
ZÀi-\-s¯- ¸- d-bp¶p:þ BcmtWm FÃm `qX- §-fnepw ØnXn
BcmtWm N{µ-\nepw \£-{X-§-fnepw ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶- sN¿p-¶-h\pw FÃm `qX-§-sf-¡mfpw DÅn-ep-Å-h-\p-am-bn-

N P
 315
I cn-¡p-¶Xv Bsc-bmtWm FÃm `qX-§fpw Adn-bm-Xn-cn-¡p- 44. D]þ tbm a\kn XnjvT³ a\tkm -f ´tcm,
¶Xv, BÀ¡mtWm FÃm `qX-§fpw ico-c-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv,
BcmtWm FÃm `qX-§-tebpw DÅn-en-cp-¶p-sIm­v \nb-
an-¡p-¶-Xv, Ch-\mWv \nsâ Bßmhpw Aar- X-\p-amb A´-
cym-an. C§s\ `qX-§-fn A´-cym-ansb kw_-Ôn-¨pÅ
ZÀi-\w.
40. D]þ AYm-[ymßw bx {]mtW XnjvT³ {]mWm
Z´- t cm, bw {]mtWm- \ - t h- Z , bky {]mWx
icocw, bx {]mW-a-´scm ba-b-tXjy X Bß
-f ´cym-ay-arXx
A\-´cw Bßm-hn A´-cym-ansb kw_-Ôn-¨pÅ
ZÀi\w ]d-bp¶p:- BcmtWm {]mW-\n ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-
h\pw {]mW-t\-¡mÄ DÅn-ep-Å- h-\p-am-bn- cn-¡p-¶-Xv, Bsc-
bmtWm {]mW³ Adn-bm-X n-c n-¡p-¶ -X v, BÀ¡mtWm
{]mW³ ico-ca - m-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv, BcmtWm DÅn-en-cp-¶p-
sIm­v {]mWs\ \nb-a n-¡ p-¶ -X v. Ch- \ mWv \nsâ
Bßmhpw Aar-X-\p-amb A´-cym-an.
41. D]þ tbm hmNn XnjvT³ hmtNm f- ´tcm, bw
hmMv \ thZ, bk y hmIv i c oc w tbm
hmNa´tcm ba-b-tXyj X Bßm f- ´cym-ay-
arXx
BcmtWm hm¡n ØnXn sN¿p-¶-h\pw hm¡n-t\-
¡mÄ DÅn- ep- Å- h\pw Bbn-cn- ¡p- ¶-Xv, Bsc-bmtWm hm¡v
Adn-bm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-X,v BÀ¡mtWm hm¡v ico-c-am-bn-cn-¡p-
¶-Xv, BcmtWm hm¡ns# DÅn-en-cp-¶p-sIm­v \nb-an-¡p-
¶-Xv, Ch-\mWv \nsâ Bßmhpw Aar-X-\p- amb A´-cym-a.n
42. D]þ bÝ-£pjn XnjvTw-Ý£ - ptjm f- ´tcm, A´-cym-an.
bw N£pÀ¶ thZ bky N£px ico-cw, bÝ
£pc-´tcm ba-b-tXyj X Bßm f- ´cym-ay-
arXx
BcmtWm N£p-Ên ØnXn sN¿p-¶-h\pw N£p-Ên-
t\-¡mÄ DÅn-ep-Å-h\pw Bbn-cn-¡p-¶Xv, Bsc N£pÊv
Adn-bp-¶n-Ã-tbm, BÀ¡v N£pÊv ico-c-am- bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm,
Bcv N£p-Êns\ DÅn-en-cp-¶p-sIm­v \nb-an-¡p-¶p-thm,
Ch-\mWv \nsâ Bßmhp Aar-X-\p-amb A´-cym-an.
43. D]þ bx t{imt{X-Xn-jvT³ t{im{Xm-Z´ - -tcm, bw
t{im{Xw \th-Z, bky t{im{Xw ico-c w, bx
t{im{X- a - ´ tcm ba- b - t Xyjy X Bßm - f
´cymayarXx
BcmtWm t{im{X- ¯n ØnXn sN¿p- ¶-h\pw t{im{X-
s¯- ¡mÄ DÅn-ep-Å-h-\p-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv, Bsc t{im{Xw
Adn-bp-¶n-Ã- tbm, BÀ¡mtWm t{im{Xw ico-c-am-bn-cn-¡p-
¶-Xv, BcmtWm t{imXs¯ DÅn-en-cp-¶p-sIm­p \nb-an-
¡p-¶-Xv, Ch-\mWv \nsâ Bßmhpw Aar-X- \p-amb A´-
cym-an.
N P
K
bw at\m \ thZ, bky a\x ico-cw, tbm at\m
-f ´tcm bab tXyj X Bßm -f ´cym-a y-
arXx
BcmtWm a\-Ên ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-h\pw a\-Ên-t\-
¡mÄ DÅn-ep-Å-h-\p-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv, Bsc a\Êv Adn-bp-
¶n-Ã-tbm, BÀ¡v a\Êv ico-c-am-Ip-¶p-thm, Bcv a\-Êns\
DÅn Ccp-¶p-sIm­v \nb-an-¡p-¶p-thm, Ch-\m-W,v \nsâ
Bßmhpw Aar-X-\p-amb A´-cym-an.
45. D]þ bkzNn Xnjv Tw kvXztNm -f ´tcm, bw
XzMv\ thZ, bþky XzIv ico-c w, bkvX z-N -a-
´tcm ba-b-tXyj X Bßm f- ´cym-ay-arXx
BcmtWm Xz¡n ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-h\pw Xz¡n-s\-
¡mÄ DÅn DÅ-h-\p-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv, Bsc Xz¡v Adn-
bp-¶ n-Ã -tbm, BÀ¡v Xz¡v ico-c -am-I p-¶ p-thm, Bcv
Xz¡ns\ DÅn-en-cp¶p \nb-an-¡p-¶p-thm, Ch-\mWv \nsâ
Bßmhpw Aar-X-\p-amb A´-cym-an.
46. D]þ tbm hnÚmt\ XnjvT³ hnÚm-\m-Z´
tcm, bw hnÚm-þ\w \ thZ, bky hnÚm\w
ico-cw, tbm hnÚm-\ -a-´ -tcm-b-a-b-tXyj X
Bßm -f ´cym-ay-arXx
Bcv hnÚm-\-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-h\pw hnÚm-\-
s¯-¡mÄ DÅn-ep-Åh - \pw Bbn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, Bsc
hnÚm\w Adn-bp-¶n-Ã-tbm, BÀ¡p hnÚm\w ico-c-am-
Ip-¶p-thm, Bcv DÅn-en-cp-¶p-sIm­v hnÚm-\s¯ \nb-
an- ¡p- ¶p- thm, C§-s\-bpÅ \nsâ Bßm-hmWv Aar-X-\mb
47. D]þ tbm tcX-kn-Xn-jvT³ tcXtkm -f ´tcm,
bw tcmtXm XthZ bky tcXx ico-cw, tbm
tcmtXm -f ´tcm ba-b-tXyj X Bßm -f Xcym-
ay-artXm f- ±rtãm {Zãw -f {ipXx t{imXm, f-
atXm a´m f- hnÚmtXm hnÚm-X-\mt\ym -
f tXm -f kvX n{Z-ã m, \mt\ym -f tXm -f kv X n
t{imXm, \mt\ym -f tXm -f kvXna´w \mt\ym -
f tXm - f kv X n hnÚm- s sXj X Bßm - f
´cymay-artXm f- tXym\y-ZmÀ¯w. XtXm tlm±m-
eI Bcp-Wn-c p-]-c-cm-a.
BcmtWm tcX- Ên ØnXn sN¿p-¶-h\pw tcX-Ên-s\-
¡mÄ DÅn DÅ- h\pw Bbn- cn-¡p-¶- Xv, tcXÊv Btc Adn-
bp-¶n-Ãtbm BÀ¡v tcXÊp ico-c-am-b n-c n-¡p-¶pthm
BcmtWm DÅn Ccp-¶p-sIm­v tcX-Êns\ \nb-{´n-¡p-
¶Xv A§-s\-bpÅ \nsâ Bßm-hmWv Aar-X\pw ZÀi\
hnj-b- am-Im¯h\pw ZÀin-¡p-¶-h\pw {ih-W- ¯n hnj-
b-am-Im-¯-h\pw F¶m {ihn-¡p-¶-h\pw a\-Ê-¦-ev]-
¯n\p hnj-b-am-Im- ¯-h\pw F¶m a\\w sN¿p-¶- h\pw
hnÚm-\-¯n\p hnj-ba - m-Im-¯-h\pw F¶m hnÚm-
 316
I Xmhpw Bb A´-cym-an. Ch-\nÂ\n¶p A\y-\mbn 51. D]þ ktlm-hm-N.þ b-ZqÀ²zw KmÀKn Znthm bZ-
Zrãmthm t{imXmthm aµmthm hnÚm-Xmthm CÃ. C§-
s\-bpÅ \nsâ Bßm-hmWv A´-cym-anbpw Aar-X\pw
Bbn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. aäp-Åh BÀ¯-am-¡p¶p (hn-\m-in-bm-Ip-
¶p). A\-´cw Bcp-Wn-bmb D±m-eI
- ³ AS- §n.
F«mw {_mÒWw
48. D]þ AY l hmN-Iv\-hyp-hm-N-þ-{_m-ÒWm `Kh-
t´m, l´m-l-an-awZzu {]iv\u {]£yman; Xu
tNt· h£y-Xn, \PmXp bpjvamI anawIÝnZv
{_tÒmZyw tPtX Xn. ]rÑ KmÀlo. Xn.
A\-´cw hN-I\ v p-hnsâ ]p{Xn ]dªp: `K-hm-·m-cmb
{_mÒ-W-sc, Ct¸mÄ Rm³ Ch-t\mSp c­p {]iv\-§sf
tNmZn-¡mw. Ah-bpsS D¯cw Ft¶mSv ]d-bp-¶-]£w
\n§-fn Hcp-h\pw Chs\ {_Ò-hm-Zs¯ kw_-Ôn¨v
Pbn-¡p-hm-\mbn D­m-Ip-I-bn-Ã. F¶v. AÃtbm KmÀKn,
tNmZn-¨p-sImÄI F¶v B {_mÒ-WÀ A\p-h-Zn-¨p.
49. D]þ ktlm-Nþ Alw ssh Xzm bmÚhevIy,
bYm Imtiym hm sshtZtlm thm{K]p{X
DÖyw [\p-c-[nPyw IrXzm Zzu _mW-h´u
k ] - X v\ m- X n- h ym- [ n\ u l k vtX Ir tX zm
t]m¯njvtTm tZh-ta-hmlw Xzm Zzm`ymw {]iv\m-
`ymapt]mZ-Ø mw. Xu ta {_qln CXn. {]Ñ
KmÀKn CXn.
AhÄ ]dªp: AÃtbm bmÚ-h ÂIy Rm³
\nt¶mSv c­p tNmZyw tNmZn-¡m³ t]mIp-¶p. F{]-Im-c-
amtWm Imiy- t\m-þ-Im-in-cm-Pm-thm-þ-D-{K-]p-{X-\m-b-þ-iq-c-hw-i-
¯n P\n-¨-þ-hn-tZ-l- cm-Pmthm Rm¬ Agn-¨p-I-f-ªn- «pÅ
[\p-Êns\ Rm¬ sI«n-b-Xm-¡n-bn«v _mW-§-tfmSp IqSn-
b-hbpw i{Xp-¡sf Gähpw ]oUn-¸n-¡p-¶-hbpw Bb
c­p ic-§sf ssIbn hln-¨p-sIm­v ASp-¡Â Fgp-
t¶-e¡v p-¶-Xv, C{]-Im-cw-Xs¶ Rm³ c­p {]iv\-§-tfm-Sp-
IqSn \nsâ ASp-¡Â Fgp-t¶-än-cn-¡ p-¶ p. Ahbv¡v
Ft¶mSv D¯cw ]d-bp-I. KmÀKn tNmZn-¨p-sImÄI. F¶
bÚ-hÂIy³ adp-]Sn ]d-ªp.
50. D]þ kmtlm-hm-N þ bZqÀ²zw bmÚ-h-e vI y,
Znth, bZ-hm-Iv]r-Yn-hym, bZ-´cm Zymhm-]rYnho
Cta, bZv`qXw N`-h¨ `hn-jy-t¨Xym N£tXm
Ikvanw kvXtZmXw t{]mXw tN Xn.
AhÄ ]dªp:þ bmÚ-h-eI v y, GsXm-¶n-s\-bmtWm
tZymhnÂ\n-¶v-þ-ap-I-fn-es¯ AÞ-I-]m-e-¯nÂ\n¶v apI-
fnepw GsXm- ¶n- s\- bmtWm Xmgs¯ AÞ- I- ]m- e-¯n\v ASn-
bnepw GsXm-¶n-s\-bmtWm CuZym hm ]rY-hn-I-fpsS
CSbv¡pw DÅXv F¶pw GXn-s\-bmtWm `qX- sa¶pw
hÀ¯am-\-sa¶p `hn- jy- s¯¶pw BK-a-hn- ¯p- IÄ ]d- bp-¶-
Xv, B kq{Xw F´n-emWv HmXhpw t{]mX- hp-am- bn-c¡p-
n- ¶ Xv?
N P
K
hm-Iv]r-Yn-hym, bZ-´-cm-Zym-hm-]r-Ynho Cta, bZv
`qXw N `h¨ `hn-jy-t¨-Xym-N£ X BImti
XtZmXw N t{]mXw tN
Ah³ ]dªp: KmÀKo, GXn-s\-bmtWm tZymhn\p apI-
en-epw, GXn-s\-bmtWm ]rYn-hn¡p Xmtgbpw GXn-s\-
bmtWm Cu Zymhm-]r-Yn-hn¡p a[y-¯nepw DÅXv F¶pw
GXn-s\-bmtWm `qX-sa¶p hÀ¯-am-\-sa¶pw `hn-jy-s¯-
¶pw ]d-bp-¶-Xv, AXp-þB kq{Xw BIm-i-¯n- emWv HmX-
am-bpw t{]mX-am-bp-an-cn-¡p-¶Xv F¶v.
52. D]þ km tlmhm-Nþ \akvtX -f kvXp bÚh
evI y, tbm a GXw hythmtNm -f ]ckvs sa
[mc btkz Xn. ]rÑ KmÀKo Xn
AhÄ ]dªp: bmÚ-h-eI v y, Fsâ Cu {]iv\s¯
\Ã-h®w ]dª At§bv¡v \a-kI v mcw! asämcp {]iv\-
¯n\v X¿m-dm-bn-s¡mÄI. KmÀKo, tNmZn-¨p-sImÄI F¶p
bmÚ-hÂIy³ ]d-ªp.
53. D]þ km tlmhm-Nþ bZqÀ²zw bmÚ-hÂIy,
Znthm, bZ- h mIv ]rYn- h ym, bZ- ´ cm Zymhm
]rYnho Cta, Zv `qXw N `h¨ `hn-jyt¨XymN-
£-tX, Ikvanw kvXtZmXw t{]mXw tNXn.
(C-Xnsâ A\zbw 50-þm-a-t¯-Xn DÅ-Xp-X-s¶)
54. D]þ ktlm-hm-Nþ bZqÀ²zw KmÀKn Znthm, bZ-
hmIv ]rYn-hym, bZ-´cm Zymhm-]r-Ynho Cta,
bZv `qXw N`- h ¨ `hn- j y- t ¨Xym N£tX
BImi Gh XtZmXw Nt{hmXw tN Xn.
Ikvan³ \p JezmImi HmXÝ t{]mXtÝ Xn.
(b-ZqÀ²zw apX BN-£tX hsc ap¼v ]dª-Xp-t]m- se.)
AXv BIm-i-¯n Xs¶-bmWv HmXhpw t{]mX-hp-am-
bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. F¶v bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]d-ªp. F´n-em-Wv
BImiw HmXhpw t{]mX-hp-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv? F¶p KmÀKn
ho­pw tNmZn-¨p.
55. D]þ ktlm-h m-N þ GXssZz XZ-£cw KmÀKn
{_mÒWm A`n- h - Z - ´ y- Ø q- e , a\- © - { l- k z,
aZoÀL, atem-ln-X, akvt\-l, aÑm-b, aXtam -
f hm, bz\m-Im-i , ak-MvK , ac-k , aKÔ aN
£pjvI , at{im{X aam, Kat\m -f tXP-k vI ,
a{]mWaap-J, aam-{X, a\-´-c, a_mlyw; \X-Z-
iv\mXnInwN-\, \ XZviv\mXn IÝ\
Ah³ ]dªp: KmÀKo, \o tNmZn-¨Xv CXmWv: A£-c-
sa-¶p- þ- £- cn-¡m-¯-sX- ¶v-þ-{_m- Ò- WÀ ]d- bp- ¶p. AXv Øqe-
a-Ãm-¯-Xpw-þ- h-ep-X-Ãm-¯-Xpw-þ-AWp AÃm-¯-Xpw, {lkz-a-
Ãm-¯-Xpw, ZoÀL-a-Ãm-¯-Xpw, Nph-¸-Ãm-¯-Xpw, kvt\l-
sa¶ A¸p-I-fpsS KpW-a-Ãm-¯-Xpw, Omb-b-Ãm-¯-Xpw, Xa-
Ê-Ãm-¯- Xpw, hmbp-h-Ãm-¯-Xpw, BIm-i- a-Ãm-¯-Xpw, Ac-
 317

I ¡p-t]mse kwKm-ß-I-a-Ãm-¯-Xpw, ck-a-Ãm-¯pw, KÔ-a-Ãm- ¯nÂ\n¶p ]c-tem-I-t¯¡p t]mIp-¶-Xv, Ah³ Ir]-W- K

¯-Xpw, N£p-Ên-Ãm-¯-Xpw, t{im{X-an-Ãm-¯-Xpw, hm¡n-Ãm- \m-Ip-¶p. ]ns¶ BcmtWm KmÀKo, Cu A£-cs¯ Adn-
¯-Xpw-þ-hm-Kn-{µn-b-an-Ãm-¯-Xpw, a\-Ên-Ãm-¯-Xpw, tXP-Ên- ªn«v Cu temI-¯nÂ\n¶v ]c-tem-I-¯n-te¡p t]mIp-¶-
Ãm-¯-Xpw, {]mW³ CÃm-¯-Xpw, apJ-an-Ãm-¯-Xpw, am{X Xv, Ah³ {_mÒ-W-\m-Ip-¶p.
AÃm-¯Xpw A´cw CÃm-¯-Xpw, _lnÀ`m-K-an-Ãm-¯Xpw
58. D]þ XZzm GX-Z-£cw KmÀKy-Zrãw {Zã-{ipXw
BIp-¶p. AXv H¶n-t\-bpw `£n- ¡p-¶n-Ã. AXns\ Bcpw
t{im{X aXw a,{´ hnÚm-Xw hnÚmXr: \m
`£n- ¡p-¶n-Ã.
\ yZtX m - f k vX n{Z- j vSr , \ m\ y- Z tX m - f
56. D]þ GXky hm A£-cky {]im-kt\ KmÀ kvXnt{imXr \m\y-ZtXm -f kvXna´r \m\y-ZtXm
Kn, kqcym- N - { µ- a - s ku hn[rXu Xnjv T Xx -f kvXn hn ÚmXr GX-kvan³ \p Jeez-£tc
GXky hm A£- c ky {]im- k t\ KmÀKn, KmÀKym-Imi HmXÝ t{]mXÝ CXn.
Zymhm-]rYn shyu hn[rtX XnjvTXx GXky
AÃtbm KmÀKo, A§-s\-bpÅ Cu A£-cw, ZÀin-
hm A£-c ky {]im-k t\ KmÀKn, \ntajm
¡-s¸-Sm-¯Xpw F¶m {Zãm-hp-a m-Ip-¶p-þ- ZÀi-\-{Inbm
aplqÀ¯m, Atlm cm{Xm, AÀ²-am-km, EXhx
IÀ¯m-hpam-Ip-¶p. {ihn-¡-s¸-Sm-¯Xpw t{imXm-hp-am-Ip-
kwh-Õcm CXn hn[r-Xm-kvXn-jvT-´n. GXky
¶p. {ih-W-IÀ¯m-hp-am-Ip-¶p. a\\w sN¿-s¸-Sm-¯Xpw
hm A£-cky {]imkt\ KmÀKn, {]mtNym f-
a{´m-hp-am-Ip-¶p-þ-a-\-\-{In-bm-IÀ¯m-hp-am-Ip-¶p. \nÝ-b-cq-
\ym \Zyx kyµt´ tiztX`yx ]ÀÆ-tX`yx,
]-¯n Adn-b-s¸-Sm-¯-Xpw, hnÚm-\-{In-bm-IÀ¯m-hp-am-
{]XotNym -f \ym bmw bmw N Zni-a-\p. GX-
Ip- ¶p. CXnÂ\n¶v A\y-ambn {Zãm-hn- Ã. CXnÂ\n¶v A\y-
kyhm A£-c ky {]im-kt\ KmÀKn, ZZtXm
ambn t{imXm-hn-Ã. CXnÂ\n¶v A\y-ambn a´m-hn-Ã.
a\pjym {]iw-k´n; bP-am\mw tZhm ZÀÆow CXnÂ\n¶p A\y-ambn hnÚm-Xm-hn-Ã. AÃtbm KmÀKn,
]nXmtcm f- \zmb¯mx
Cu A£-c-¯n-emWv BImiw HmXhpw t{]mX-hp-am-bn-cn-
AÃtbm KmÀKn, Cu A£-c-¯nsâ {]im-k\ - -¯n-em- ¡p-¶-Xv.
Wv-þ-B-Ú-bn-em-W,v kqcy\w N{µ\pw hn[m-cWw sN¿-s¸-
«-h-cm-bn-þ-\n-e-bv¡p-\nÀ¯-s¸-«-h-cmbn ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-Xv. 59. D]þ km tlmhm-Nþ {_mÒWm `K-h´kvXtZh
KmÀKo, Cu A£-c-¯nsâ {]im-k\ - -¯n-emWv tZymhpw _ l p- a m- t \ y[ zw bZ- k vam- ¶ - a - k vIm- t c -
]rYn-hnbpw hn[r-X-§-fmbn ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-Xv. KmÀKo, Cu WaptNy[zw; \ ssh PmXp bpjv a m- I - a naw
A£-c-¯nsâ {]im-k-\-¯n-emWv \nta-j-§Ä aplqÀ¯- IÝ nZv {_tÒmZyw tPXm CXn XtXm l
§Ä Atlm-cm- {X- §Ä, AÀ²-am- k-§Ä- þ- ]-IpXn amk-§Ä, hmNIv\ hyp-] -c -c m-a.
amk-§Ä, kwh-Õ-c- §Ä C§-s\-bpÅ Imem-h- b-h-§Ä bmÚ-he - vIy-h-N\w tI«v KmÀKn ]dªp: `K-hm-·m-
hn[m-cWw sN¿-s¸«p ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-Xv. KmÀKo, Cu A£- cmb {_mÒ-W-tc, Ct±-l-¯nÂ\n¶v \a-kvIm-cw-sIm­p
c-¯nsâ {]im-k- \-¯n- em-Wv, tizX-§-fm-b-þ- sh-fp- ¯-þ-]ÀÆ- tamN\w In«p-¶ -X n-s \- ¯ s¶ hep- X mbn hnNm-c n- ¨ p-
X-§-fnÂ\n¶v {]mNn- I-fm-b-þ-In-g-t¡m-s«m-gp-Ip-¶-þ-thsd \Zn- sImÄhn³. \n§-fn Hcp-h\pw Ct±-ls¯ {_Ò-hm-Z-
I- fpw, ]Sn-ªm- tdm- s«m- gp-Ip¶ thsd \Zn- Ifpw AXmXp Zn¡n- ¯n Pbn-¡p-¶-h-\mbn Hcn-¡-ep-an-Ã. A\-´cw hmN-
te¡v Hgp-Ip-¶-Xv. KmÀKo, Cu A£-c-¯nsâ {]im-k-\- Iv\hn AS-§n.
¯n-em- W,v Zm\w-sN-¿p-h- ¶-hsc a\p- jyÀ {]iw-kn-¡p-¶Xpw
tZh-·mÀ bP-am-\t- \bpw ]nXr-¡Ä ZÀÆo-tlm-a-t¯bpw
A\zm-b-¯-cm-bn-cn- ¡p-¶-Xpw-þ-A-\p-K-X- cm-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xpw. H³]Xmw {_mÒWw
57. D]þ tbm hm GX- Z- £ cw KmÀKy- h n-ZnXzm f- 60. D]þ AY ssl\w hnZKv²x imIeyx ] {]Ñþ
kvan³ temtI Pq tlmXn, bP-tX, X]-k vX - IXn tZhm bmÚ-hevIy CXn. ksslX-ssbh
]ytX _lqXn hÀj- k - l - { km, Wy´- h - t Z- \nhnZm {]Xn-t]-tZ... bmht´m sshiz-tZ-hky
hmky XZv`h Xn; tbm hm GX-Z-£cw KmÀKy \nhn- Z yp-N y- t ´. {XbÝ{Xo N iXm {X-b Ý
hnZnXzm -f kvamtÃm-ImXv ss{]Xn, Ir]Wx AY {XoNk- l {km CXn. Hm anXn tlm hmN.
b GXZ£cw KmÀKn, hnZznXzm -f kvamtÃm ImXv ItXyhm tZhm bmÚhevIy CXn. {Xb-kv{Xnw-
ss{]Xn k {_mÒWx. iXv CXn. Hm anXn tl hmN. ItXy-h -tZhm
KmÀKo, BcmtWm Cu temI-¯nÂ, Cu A£-cs¯ bmÚhevtIy Xn. j UnXn. Hm anXntlmhm-
Adn-bmsX At\-Im-bncw hÀjw Xs¶ Bbmepw tlman- N. ItXyh tZhm bmÚ-hevtIyXn. {Xb CXn.
¡tbm bPn- ¡tbm X]Êp sNbvItbm sN¿p-¶-Xv, Chsâ Hm anXn tlmhm- N . ItXyh tZhm bmÚ-
B IÀ½-§-fpsS ^ew Ah- km-\-ap-ÅXv BIp-¶p. KmÀKo, hevtIy Xn. Zzmhn-Xn. Hm anXn-tlm-hm-N. ItXyh
BcmtWm Cu A£- c s¯ Adn- b msX Cu temI- tZhm bmÚhevtIy Xn. A[yÀ² CXn Hm

N P
 318
I anXntlm hmN ItXyh tZh bmÚ-hevtIyXn.
GI CXn Hm anXn tlmhm-N. IXta tX. {Xb-
Ý{Xo NiXm {XbÝ {XoN klt{k Xn.
A\-´cw bmÚ-he - vIy-t\mSv iI-esâ A]-Xy-amb
hnZ-Kv[³ F¶ {_mÒ-W³ tNmZn¨p:þ bmÚ-hevIy tZh-
·mÀ F{X? bmÚ-h-evIy³ Cu \nhn-¯p-sIm-­p-Xs¶
D¯cw ]dªp: sshiz-tZ-h-¯nsâ \nhn ]d-bp-¶Xp
F{Xtbm A{X- bpw; AXm-bXv:þ aq¶pw aq¶p-\qdpw aq¶pw
aqhm-bn-chpw F¶v. imI- ey³ icn F¶p ]d-ªp. bmÚ-
hevIy ]c- amÀ°- ¯n tZh- ·mÀ F{X? F¶v ho­pw imI-
ey³ tNmZn-¨p. ap¸-¯n-aq¶v F¶p bmÚ-h-evI³ D¯cw
]d-ªp. icn F¶p imI-ey³ k½-Xn-¨p. bmÚ-he - vIy,
tZh-·mÀ F{Xtb DÅq F¶p ho­pw tNmZn- ¨p. Bdv F¶p
bmÚ-he - vIy³ D¯cw ]d-ªp. icn F¶p Imk-ey³
k½-Xn-¨p. bmÚ-he - vIy, tZh-·mÀ XoÀ¨-bmbn F{X?
F¶p ho­pw tNmZyw. aq¶v F¶p-¯-cw. icn F¶p imI-
ey³ ]d-ªp. bmÚ-hevIy tZh-·m-À F{X-am-{X-amWv?
F¶p ]ns¶bpw tNmZyw. c­v F¶p-¯cw icn F¶p kmI-
ey³ ]d-ªp. bmÚ-hevIy tZh-·mÀ F{X-am{Xw? F¶p
]ns¶bpw tNmZyw A[yÀ²w (H-¶-c) F¶p-¯cw icn
F¶p imI-ey³ ]dªp. bmÚ-he - I
v y, tZh-·mÀ F{X-
am{Xw? F¶p ]ns¶bpw tNmZyw H¶v F¶v D¯-cw. icn
F¶p imI-ey³ ]d-ªp. B aq¶pw ap¶qdpw aq¶pw aqhm-
bn-chpw FsXÃmw? F¶p ]ns¶bpw imI-ey³ tNmZn-¨p.
61. D]þ k tlmhm-Nþ- a - -ln-am\ Gssh-jmta tX;
{Xbkv {Xnw it¯zh tZhm CXn. IXtatX
{Xb-kv{Xn-Cwi ZnXn. Aãuh kh, GImZicp-
{Zm, ZzmZi m - f- f ZnX ymk vX G I- { X nw - i ,
Zn{µssivNh {]Pm-]-Xn-Ý{X bkv{Xnwim hnXn.
bmÚ-h- eI v y³ ]d-ªpþ taÂ]-dª aqhm-bn-c- ¯n-ap-
¶q-ämdp tZh-·mÀ ap¸-¯n- aq¶p tZh-·m-cpsS aln-am-hp-IÄ
am{X-am- W.v hmkvX-h-¯n-epÅ tZh-·m-cm-Is« ap¸-¯n-aq- t¶-
bpÅq F¶v. B ap¸-¯n-aq¶v GsXÃmw? F¶p ho­pw
imI-eysâ tNmZyw F«p hkp-¡Ä, ]Xn-s\m¶pw cp{Z-·mÀ,
]{´­p BZn-Xy-·mÀ AhÀ ap¸-s¯m¶v; C{µ\pw {]Pm-]-
Xnbpw ap¸-¯n-aq¶p XnI-bv¡p-¶-h³ F¶v bmÚ-h-
evIysâ D¯-cw.
62. D]þ IXta hkh CXn, AánÝ ]rYnhoN
hmbp-Ým-´-cn£w Nm -f -f ZnXyÝZyuÝ N{µ-
amÝ \£-{ XmWn ssNtX-h khx; GtXjp
loZw kÀÆw lnX-an-Xn, X kvamZzkh CXn.
hkp-¡Ä BscÃmw? F¶p tNmZyw. Aánbpw ]rYn-
hnbpw hmbp-hpw A´-co-£hpw BZn-Xy\pw tZymhpw N{µ-
aÊpw \£-{X-§fpw Ch-cmWv hkp-¡Ä.- C-h-cn-em-WtÃm
Cu PK¯v FÃmw hbv¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶Xv; F¶v AXn-\mÂ
hkp-¡Ä F¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.
N P
63. D]þ IXta cp{Zm CXn Zita ]pcptj {]mWm K
B s s ß - I m- Z i x tX bZm - f k vamÑ - c n-
dm·À¯ymZpXv {Ima-´yY tcmZ-b-´n. XZy-t{Zm-
Z-b-´n, Xkvam-{Zp{Zm CXn
cp{Z-·mÀ GsXÃmw? F¶p tNmZyw. ]pcp-j-\n-epÅ Cu
{]mW-§Ä ]¯pw, ]Xn-s\m-¶m-a-Xmbn Bßmhpw AhÀ
Ft¸mÄ aÀ¯y-am-b-þ-\-iz-c-amb ico-c-¯nÂ\n¶v DXv{I-an-
¡p-¶pthm At¸mÄ tcmZn-¸n-¡p-¶p-þ-]-tc-Xsâ kw_- Ôn-
Isf Ic-bn-¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ tcmZn-¸n-¡p-¶- Xn- \m cp{Z-·mÀ
F¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp¶p F¶p bmÚ-h-eI v y³ ]d-ªp.
64. D]þ IXa BZnXym CXn. ZzmZi ssham kmx
kwh-Õ-cky GX BZnXymx GtXloZw kÀh-
am-Z-Zm\m b´n. tX bZnZw kÀhamZ-Zm-\m-b´n
Xkvam-Zm-ZnXy CXn.
BZn-Xy-·mÀ GsXÃmw? F¶p tNmZyw. Hcp kwh-Õ-c-
¯n\v ]{´­p amk-§-fm-WtÃm DÅ- Xv. Ch-cmWv BZn-Xy-
·mÀ. Ch-cm-WtÃm CXns\ FÃmw-þ-{]m-Wn-I-fpsS Bbp-Ên-
t\bpw {IÀ½-^-e-t¯bpw FSp-¯p-sIm­v t]mIp-¶-Xv.
AhÀ bmsXmcp Imc-W-¯m CXns\ FÃmw BZm\w
sNbvXp-sIm­v t]mIp-¶pthm AXn-\m BZn-Xy-·mÀ
F¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. F¶v.
65. D]þ IXa C{µx? IXax {]Pm-]Xn cnXnkvX\-
bn-Xv\ptc tht{µm bÚ-{]-Pm-] XcnXn. IXa
kvX\-bnXv\p cnXn. Ai\n cnXn IXtam bÚ
CXn. ]ih CXn.
C{µ³ GXv? {]Pm-]Xn GXv? F¶p tNmZyw. C{µ³
kvX\-bn-Xv\p-X-s¶. {]Pm-]Xn bÚ-am-Ip-¶p. F¶p-¯-cw.
kvX\-bnXv\p GXmWv? F¶p tNmZyw. Ai\n F¶p-¯cw
bÚ-taXv? F¶p tNmZyw ]ip-¡Ä F¶p-¯cw.
66. D]þ IX-ta-jvUnXn AánÝ ]rYn-hoN hmbp-
Ým-´co£w Nm f- -f ZnXyÝ ZyussÝtXjSv.
GtX loZw khw GtX-jSv CXn.
Bdp tZh-·mÀ GXv? F¶p tNmZyw Aánbpw ]rYn-
hnbpw hmbphpw A´-co-£hpw BZn-Xy\pw tZymhpw; Ch-
cmWv Bdv. Cu PK-s¯Ãmw Ch-cm-dp-am-WtÃm F¶p-
¯- cw.
67. D]þ IXta tX {Xtbm tZhm CXn. Ca Gh-
{Xtbm temImx Gjp lnta kÀth tZhm CXn.
IXau Xu Zzu tZhm hnXn. A¶w ssNh-{]m-
WtÝ Xn. IXtam f- [yÀ² CXn tbm -f bw
]hX CXn.
B aq¶p tZh- ·mÀ BscÃmw? F¶p tNmZyw. Cu aq¶p
temI-§ÄX-s¶. Cu aq¶p temI§fn-em-WtÃm Cu tZh-
·mcpw F¶p-¯-cw. B c­p tZh- -·mÀ BscÃmw? F¶p
tNmZyw. A¶hpw {]mW\pw Xs¶- þ- F-¶p-¯- cw. H¶cw GXv
 319

I F¶p tNmZyw BcmtWm Cu ]h\w sN¿p-¶-Xv, Ah³ hp-Å-h³ BI-bp-Åp, F¶p imI-ey³ ]d-ªp. Bsc K
hmbp F¶v D¯-cw. FÃm Bßm- hn\pw ]cm- b-W- ambn \o ]d- bp- ¶p-thm, B ]pcp-
js\ Rm³ Adn-bp-¶p-­- tÃm. Cu Ima-a-b-\mb ]pcp-j³
68. D]-þ-X -Zmlp cyZ-b-taI Csshh ]htX -f Y
Btcm, Ah³ BWv Ch³. imI-ey, C\nbpw tNmZn-¨p-
IY-a-[yÀ²y CXn. bZ-kvan-¶nZw kÀh-a-[ymÀ[v
sImÅpI F¶p bmÚ- h- eI v y³ adp- ]Sn ]d-ªp. B Ima-
t\mXv, tX\m-[ yÀ²x IXa GtIm-tZh CXn.
a-b-\mb ]pcp-j\v tZhX GXv? F¶p imI-ey³ tNmZn-¨p.
{]mW CXn. k{_-Ò, XyZ-XymN£tX
kv{XoIÄ F¶p bmÚh-eI v y³ ]d-ªp.
B hnj-b-¯n NneÀ tNmZn-¡p-¶pþ bmsXmcp Imc-
71. D]þ cq]m-tWyh bkym -f f- bX-\w, N£pÀ
W-¯m Cu hmbp H¶m-bn-«p-Xs¶ ]h\w sN¿p-¶pthm
temtIm, at\m-tPym-Xn, tcym ssh Xw ]pcpjw
AXn-\ m F§-s\-b mWv A[yÀ²-a m-I p-¶ Xv? F¶v
hnZymXv kÀhkym -f -f ß\x ]cm-bWw k
bmsXmcp Imc- W- ¯m Cu hmbp-hn CsXÃmw A[n-jvTn-
ssh thZnXm kymZym-Ú m-h -e vI y. thZ hm
X-am-bn«v E²nsb {]m]n-¡p-¶pthm AXn-\m A\yÀ²³
Alw Xw ]pcpjw kÀÆkym -f f- ß\x ]cm-
F¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp¶p F¶p-¯-cw. Hcp tZh³ Bcv? F¶p
bWw bam-°, b Ghm-km-hmZn tXy ]pcpjx
tNmZyw. {]mW³ F¶p-¯- cw. AXv {_Ò-am-Ip- ¶p. AXns\
k Gjx h ssZh imIey Xky Im tZhtXXn.
XyXv F¶pw ]d-bp-¶p.
kXy anXn tlm hmN
69. D]þ ]rYzn-thyh bkym f- -f bX-\, aánÀtÃm
BÀ¡v ip¢-Ir-jvWmZn cq]-§Ä Xs¶ B{i-b-am-Ip-
tIm, at\m- t Pym- X n, tcymssh Xw ]pcpjw
¶pthm N£pÊp temI-am-Ip-¶pthm a\Êp tPymXn-Êm-Ip-
hnZymXv kÀhkym -f -f ß\x ]cm-b-W w, k
¶pthm B ]pcp-js\ FÃm Bßm-hn\pw ]cm-b-W-ambn
sshthZnXm kymZym-Ú m-X-h -e vIy. thZ hm
BÀ Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Ah³ am{Xta AÃtbm bmÚ-h-
Alw Xw ]pcpjw kÀhkym -f f- ß\x ]cm-
evIy, Adn-bp-¶-h-\m-I-bpÅp F¶p imI-ey³ ]d-ªp.
bWw bam°; b Ghmbw imcocx ]pcpjx k
GXp ]pcp-js\ FÃm Bßm-hn\pw ]cm-b-W-ambn \o ]d-
Gjx hssZh i Iey. Xky ImtZ-htX Xn.
bp-¶p-thm, B ]pcp-js\ Rm³ Adn-bp-¶p-­v. B, BZn-
AarX anXn tlmhmN
Xy-\n-epÅ ]pcp-j³ Btcm Ah-\mWv Ch³. imI-ey,
BÀ¡v, B{i-bw ]rYn-hn-Xs¶ BIp-¶p-thm, temIw- C\nbpw tNmZn-¡p-Itb th­p. F¶p bmÚ- h- eI v y³ adp-
v - hn- ]Sn ]d-ªp. B tZh\v tZhX GXmWv? F¶p imI-ey³
þ-tem-I-\-km-[-\w-þ- A-án- bm-Ip-¶p- thm, tPym-Xn- Ê-vþ-k-¦- e]
I-ev]mZn Imcyw-þ-a-\Ê - m-Ip-¶p-thm, B ]pcp-js\ FÃm tNmZn-¨p. kXy-am-Ip¶p F¶p bmÚ-h-evIy³ D¯cw ]d-
Bßm-hn\pw ]c-amb Ab-\-ambn BcmtWm Adn-bp-¶-X,v ªp.
Ah³ am{Xta AÃtbm bmÚ-h-evIy, Adn-hp-Å-h-\m-I-
72. D]þ BImi Gh-bkym -f f- bX-\w, t{im{Xw
bp-Åq. F¶p imI-ey³ ]d-ªp. GXp ]pcp-js\ FÃm
te-mtIm, at\m tPymXntcym ssh Xw ]pcpjw
Bßm-hn\pw ]cm-b-W-ambn \o ]d-bp-¶p-thm, B ]pcp-j- hnZymXv kÀÆkym -f -f ß\x ]cm-b-W w, k
s\, F\n¡p Adn-bm-atÃm. Cu ico-c-¯n-epÅ ]pcp-j³ ssh thZnXm kym ZymPvR -h evI y thZ hm
Xs¶-bmWv Ch³. AÃtbm imI-ey, C\nbpw tNmZn-¨p- Alw Xw ]pcpjw kÀÆ-kym f- f- ß\x ]cm-
sIm-Åp-I. F¶p bmÚ-h-eI v y³ adp-]Sn ]d-ªp. Ah-\v- bWw bam°; b Ghmbw {iu{Xx {]mXn-
þB imco-c- \mb ]pcp-j\v tZhX GXv? F¶p imI-eysâ {ipXvI x ]pcpjx k Gjx. h ssZh-im-I-e y.
tNmZyw. AarXw F¶v bmÚ-h-evIy³ D¯cw ]d-ªp. Xky Im tZhtX Xn. Zni CXn tlmhmN
- m-a-Gh bkym -f -f bX-\w, lrZbw tem
70. D]-þI GXp ]pcp-j-\,v BIm-iw-Xs¶ Bb-X-\-am-Ip-¶p-thm,
tIm, at\m tPymXntcym ssh Xw ]pcpjw hn t{im{Xw temI-am-Ip-¶p-thm, a\Êv tPymXn-Êm-Ip-¶p-thm,
tZymXv kÀh kym -f -f ß\x ]cm-b-W w, k B ]pcp- js\ FÃm Bßm- hn\pw ]cm-b-W-ambn BcmtWm
ssh thZnXm kymZym- Ú -h - e v I y. thZ- h m- þ Adn-bp-¶Xv Ah³ am{Xta bmÚ-hevIym! Adn-bp-¶-h³
Alw Xw ]pcpjw kÀhkymm f- -f ß\x ]cm- BI- bp-Åq. F¶p imI-ey³ ]d-ªp. Bsc FÃm Bßm-
bWw bam°; b Ghmbw Ima-abx ]pcpjx, hn\pw ]cm- b- W- ambn \o ]d-bp- ¶p- thm, B ]pcp- js\ Rm³
k Gjw h ssZh imI-ey. Xky Im tZhtX Adn-bp-¶p. t{im{X-¯n-ep-Å-h\pw {]Xn-{i-hW - -th-f-bnÂ
Xn kv{Xnb CXn tlm hmN. hnti-jn¨v Zm\w sN¿p-¶-h-\p-amb Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm,
BÀ¡v Imaw Xs¶ Bb- X\w (B- {i- bw) BIp-¶p-thm, Ah-\mWv Ch³, imI-eym, tNmZn-¨p-sIm-Åp-Itb th­p
lrZbw temI-am- Ip-¶p- thm, a\vkkp tPymXn-Êm-Ip-¶pthm F¶p bmÚ-he - vIy³ D¯cw ]d-ªp. Ah\p tZhX
B ]pcp-js\ FÃm Bßm-hn\pw ]c-amb B{i-ba - mbn GXv ? F¶p imI- ey³ tNmZn- ¨p. Zn¡p-IÄ F¶v bmÚ-h-
Bcv Adn-bp-¶pthm Ah³ am{Xta bmÚ-h-eI v ym, Adn- evIy³ adp-]Sn ]d-ªp.
N P
 320
I 73. D]þ Xa Gh bkym f- -f bX-\w, lrZbw tem
tIm, at\m tPymXn, tcym ssh Xw ]pc-pjw
hnZymXv kÀhkym -f -f ß\x ]cm-b-W w, k
sshthZnXm kymZym-Ú-h-evIy. thZ hm Al,
Xw ]pcpjw kÀhkym -f f- ß\x ]cmbWw
bamÀ°; b Ghmbw Ombm-abx ]pcpjx k
Gjx hssZh imI-ey. Xky Im tZhtX Xn.
arXyp cnXn tlmhmN
GXp ]pcp-j-\v, Xa-Êp-Xs¶ Bb-X-\-am-Ip-¶p-thm,
lrZbw temI-am-Ip-¶p-thm, a\Êp tPymXn-Êm-Ip-¶p-thm,
B ]pcp- j s\ FÃm Bßm- h n\pw ]cm- b - W -s a¶v
BtcmtWm Adn-bp-¶-Xv, Ah³ am{X- ta, bmÚ-h-evIym,
Adp-b¶- -h-\m-I-bpÅq F¶p imI-ey³ ]d-ªp. Bsc
FÃm Bßm-hn\pw ]c-amb B{i-b-ambn \o ]d-bp-¶p- thm,
B ]pcp-js\ Rm³ Adn-bp-¶p. Cu Ombm-a-b-\mb ]pcp-
j³ BcmtWm Ah³ Xs¶-bmWv Ch³. imIey
C\nbpw tNmZn-¨p-sIm-Åptb th­q F¶p bmÚ-h-
evIy³ ]d- ªp. Ah¶v tZhX GXv F¶p imI- ey³ tNmZn-
¨p. arXyp F¶p bmÚ-h-eI v y³ D¯cw ]d-ªp.
74. D]þ cq]m-tWyh bky f- -f bX-\ w, N£qÀ
temtIm, at\m-tPym-Xn, tcym ssh Xw ]pcpjw
hnZymXv kÀhkym -f -f ß\x ]cm-b-W w, k
ssa thZnXm kymZym-Ú-hevIy thZ hm Alw
Xw ]pcpjw kÀhkym -f f- ß\x ]cmbWw
bam°; b Ghm-b-am-ZÀti ]pcpjx k Gjx.
hssZh imIey Xky Im tZhtXXn. Akp
cnXn tlmhmN
GXp ]pcp-j\v cq]-§ÄXs¶ B{i-ba - m-Ip-¶p-thm,
N£pÊp temI-am-Ip-¶p-thm, a\Êp tPmXn-Êm-Ip-¶p-thm,
B ]pcp-js\ FÃm Bßm-hn\pw ]c-amb B{i-ba - mbn
BcmtWm Adn-bp-¶-Xv, Ah³ am{X-ta, bmÚhevIy,
Adn-bp-¶-h-\m-I-bp-Åq. F¶p imI-ey³ ]d-ªp. Bsc-
bmtWm FÃm Bßm-hn\pw ]c-amb B{ib-ambn \o ]d-
bp-¶p-Xv, B ]pcp-js\ Rm³ Adn-bp-¶p. BZÀi-¯nÂ
DÅ Cu ]pcp-j³ GtXm, Ah³ Xs¶-bmWv Ch³. imI-
ey, C\nbpw tNmZn-¨p-sIm-Åp-I. F¶p bmÚ-he - vIy³
]dªp. B ]pcp-jsâ tZhX GXv? F¶p imI-ey³
tNmZn¨p. Akp F¶p bmÚ-h-evIy³ D¯cw ]d-ªp.
75. D]þ B] Gh bkym -f -f bX-\ w, lrZbw
temtIm, at\m-tPym-Xn, tcymssh Xw ]pcpjw
hnZymXv kÀhkym - f - f ß\x ]cm-b Ww k
ssh thZnXm kymZym- Ú - h ev I y thZ hm
Alw Xw ]pcp- j w, kÀhkym - f - f ß\x
]cmbWw bam°; b Ghm-b-a]vkp ]pcpjx
k Gjx hssZh imIey Xky Im tZhtX
Xn. hcpW CXn tlmhmN
GXp ]pcp-j\v A¸p-IÄXs¶ Bb-X-\-am-Ip-¶p-thm,
lrZbw temI-am-Ip-¶p-thm, a\Êp tPymXn-Êm-Ip-¶p-thm,
N P
B ]pcp-js\ FÃm Bßm-hn\pw ]cm-b- W-sa¶v Bcv Adn-
K
bp-¶pthm Ah³ am{Xta bmÚ-h-evIy, Adn-bp-¶-h\ - m-
I-bpÅp F¶p imI- ey³ ]d- ªp. GXp ]pcp- j- s\- bmtWm
FÃm Bßm-hn\pw ]c-amb B{i-b-a-ambn \o ]d-bp-¶-Xv,
B ]pcp- js\ Rm³ Adn-bp- ¶p. A¸p- I- fn DÅ Cu ]pcp-
j³ Btcm Ah-\mWv Ch³. imI-ey, C\nbpw tNmZn-¨p-
sIm-Åp-Itb th­q. Ahsâ tZhX GXv? F¶p imI-
ey³ tNmZn¨p. hcp-W³ F¶v bmÚ-h-eI v y³ adp-]Sn ]d-
ªp.
76. D]þ tcX Gh bkym f- -f bX-\w, lrZbw
temtIm at\m tPymXntcym ssh Xw ]pcpjw
hn ZymXv kÀhkym f- -f ß\x ]cm-bWw k
sshthZnXm kymZym-Ú-hevIy thZ hm Alw
Xw ]pcpjw kÀhkym f- -f ß\x ]cm-bWw
bam- ° . b Ghmbw ]p{X- a bx ]pcpjx k
Gjx. hssZh imIey XkyIm tZhtX Xn.
{]Pm]Xn cnXn tlmhmN.
GXp ]pcp-j-\v, tcX-Êp-Xs¶ Bb-X-\-am-Ip-¶p-thm,
lrZbw temI-am-Ip-¶p-thm, a\Êp tPymXn-Êm-Ip-¶p-thm,
B ]pcp-js\ FÃm Bßm-hn\pw ]c-ambn Ab-\-ambn
BcmtWm Adn-bp-¶-Xv, Ah³ am{X-ta, bmÚ-he - vIym,
Adn-hp-Åh- \
- m-Ib- pÅq F¶p imI-ey³ ]d-ªp. GXp
]pcp-js\ FÃm Bßm-hn\pw ]cm-b-W-ambn \o ]d-bp-¶p-
thm, B ]pcp-js\ F\n¡p Adn-bmw. ]p{X-cq-]-¯n-epÅ
Cu ]pcp-j³ Btcm Ah³ Xs¶bmWv Ch³. imIey
C\nbpw tNmZn¨p sImÅp-I-Xs¶ F¶p bmÚ-h-eI v y³
adp-]Sn ]d-ªp. B ]pcp-j¶p tZhX GXv? F¶p imI-
ey³ tNmZn- ¨p. {]Pm-]Xn F¶v bmÚ-h-evIy³ adp-]Sn ]d-
ªp.
77. D]þ imItey Xntlm- h mN bmÚ- h ev I y
kvXzmw kznZnta {_mÒWm AMvKm-cm-h-£bWa-
{IXmx CXn
iIeym F¶p hnfn-¨v, bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]d-ªp:þ Cu
{_mÒ-W³ \ns¶ I\Â tImcn-bm¡n sNbvXpthm?
78. D]þ bmÚ-hevtIy Xn tlmhm-Nm-im-I- teymþ
bZnZw Ipcp ]m©m-em\mw {_mÒWm\Xy-hmZnx
Inw {_Ò hnZym \nXn. Zntim thZ ktZhmx
k{]-XnjvTm CXn. b±ntimth-°-k-tZhmx k{]-
XnjvTmx
bmÚ-hevIy! F¶p hnfn-¨v, imI-ey³ ]d-ªpþ
C§s\ Ipcp-cm- Py¯pw ]©m-e-cm- Py- ¯p-apÅ {_mÒ- Wsc
\o A[n-t£-]n-¨Xv {_Òs¯ Adn-bp-¶-h-\m-bn-«mtWm?
tZh-·m-tcm-Sp-Iq-Sn-h-bpw {]Xn-jvT-It- fm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-bp-amb
Zn¡p-Isf Rm³ Adn- bp¶p F¶p bmÚ-h-evIy³ adp]Sn
]d-ªp. tZh-·m-tcm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-hbpw {]Xn-jT v -I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-
h-bp-amb Zn¡p-Isf \o Adn-bp¶p F¦nÂþ
 321

I 79. D]þ InwtZ-htXm -f kymw {]mNymw ZniykoXn. bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv F¶p ]d-ªp. bmÚ-h-evIy, CXv C§-s\- K
BZn-Xy-tZ-hX CXn. k BZnXyx Ikvan³ {]Xn- Xs¶ F¶p imI-ey³ ]d-ªp.
j vTnX C X n. N £ pj o X n. Ik van³ \ p
81. D]þ Inw tZhtXm -f kymw {]XnNymw Zniy ko
N£px{]Xn-jvTnX anXn. cqt]jznXn. N£p-jmln
Xn. hcp-W-tZ-hX CXn. k hcpWx Ikvan³ {]Xn-
cq]mWn ]iy-Xn. Ikvan³ \p cq]mWn {]Xn-
jvTnX CXn. A]vkznXn. Ikvan³ Xz ]x {]Xn-
jvTnXm Xo Xn. lr Zb CXn-tlm-hmN lrZ-tb\
jvTnXm CXn. tcXko Xn. Ikvan³\p-tcXx {]Xn-
lncq-]mWn Pm\mXn. lrZtb tlyh cq]mWn
jvTnX anXn. lrZb CXn. Xkvam-Z]n {]Xn-cq]w
{]Xn-jvTn-Xm\n `h´o Xn. Gh-ta-ssh-X-Zym-Ú-
PmXamlpx lrZ-bm-Znh kp]vtXm lrZ-bm-Znh
hevI y.
\nÀ½nX CXn. lrZtb tlyh-tcXx {]Xn-jvTnXw
Cu Ing- t¡-Zn-¡n \o GXp tZh-X-bp-Å-h\ - m-Ip¶p? `hXoXn. Ghta sshX-Zym-ÚevIy.
F¶p imI-ey³ tNmZn-¨p. BZn-Xy-\m-Ip¶ tZh-X-tbm-Sp-Iq-
Cu ]Sn-ªmsd Zn¡n \o GXp tZh-X-tbmSp IqSn-b-
Sn-b-h- \m-Ip¶p F¶p bmÚ-h- evIy³ D¯cw ]d-ªp. B
h- \m- Ip¶p? F¶p imI-ey³ tNmZn-¨p. hcp-W- \m- Ip¶ tZh-
BZn-Xy³ F´n {]Xn-j vTn-X -\ m-b n-c n-¡ p¶p? F¶p
X-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\m-Ip¶p F¶p bmÚ-h-eI v y³ ]d-ªp.
ho­pw imI-eysâ tNmZyw. N£p-ÊnÂ. F¶p bmÚ-h-
B hcp-W³ F´n {]Xn-jvTn-X-\m-bn-cn-¡p¶p? F¶p
evIysâ D¯-cw. N£pÊv F´n-emWv {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-bn-cn-
tNmZn-¨p. A¸p-I-fn F¶p-¯-cw. A¸p-IÄ F´n {]Xn-
¡p-¶Xv? F¶p ho­pw tNmZyw. cq]-§-fn F¶p-¯-cw.
jvTn-X-am-bn-cn-¡p¶p? F¶p ]ns¶bpw tNmZyw. tcX-ÊnÂ
N£p-Êp-sIm-­m-WsÃm cq]-§sf ImWp-¶-Xv. cq]-§Ä
F¶p-¯-cw. tcXÊv F´n {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-bn-cn-¡p¶p?
F´n-emWv {]Xn-jT v n-X-§-fm-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv F¶p ]ns¶bpw
F¶p tNmZyw lrZ-b¯ - n F¶p-¯-cw. AXp-sIm-­p-X-
tNmZyw. lrZ-b¯ - n F¶p ]d-ªn«p bmÚhevIy³
s¶- bmWv PmX-s\-þ-P-\n¨ Ip«n-sb, {]Xn-cq-]-sa-¶v-þ-]-IÀs¸-
]dªp: lrZbw sIm­m-WtÃm cq]-§sf Adn-bp-¶-Xvþ
¶v, euIn-I-·mÀ ]d-bm-dp-Å-Xv. lrZ-b-¯nÂ\n¶v ]pd-s¸-«-
lrZ-b-¯n Xs¶-bmWv cq]-§Ä {]Xn-jvTn-X-§-fm-bn-cn-
h-s\-t¸m-sebpw lrZ-b-¯nÂ\n¶v D­m-¡-s¸-«-h-s\-t¸m-
¡p-¶Xp bmÚhevIym, CXv C§-s\-X- s¶, F¶p imI-
se-bp-amWv ]p{X³ Ccn-¡p-¶-Xv. lrZ-b- ¯n Xs¶- bmWp
ey³ k½-Xn-¨p.
tcXÊp {]Xn-jT v n-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv F¶p bmÚ-hÂIy³
80. D]þ Inw tZhtXm f- kymw Z£n-Wmbmw Zniy ]d-ªp. bmÚ-hevIym CXv C§s\ Xs¶ F¶p imI-
ko Xn. ba-tZ-hX CXn. kbax Ikvan³ {]Xn- ey³ ]d-ªp.
jvTnX CXn. bÚ CXn. Ikvan³ \p bÚx
82. D]þ Inw tZhtXm -f kymap-ZoNymw ZniykoXn.
{]Xn-jvTnX CXn. Z£n-WmbmanXn. Ikvan³ \p
tkma-t Z- h X CXn. ktkmax Ikva n³ {]Xn-
Z£nWm {]Xn-jvTntX Xn. {i²mbm anXn. bZm-
jvTnX CXn. Zo£mbm anXn. Ikvan³ \p Zo£m
tl yh {i ² t¯ - f Y Z£ nW mw ZZm- X n,
{]Xn-jvTntX Xn. kXy CXn. Xkvam-Z]n Zo£n-X-
{i²mbmw tlyh Z£nWm {]Xn-j vTntX Xn,
amlpx kXyw htZXn. ktXy tlyh Zo£m
Ikvan³ \p {i²m-{]-XnjvTtX Xn lrZb CXn-
{]Xn-jvTntX Xn. Ikvan³\p kXyw {]-Xn-jvTnX
tlm-hmN lrZtb \ln {i²mw P\m-Xn. lrZ-
anXn. lrZb CXn-tlm-hm-N. lrZ-tb\ lnkXyw
tbtly h {i²m-{]-XnjvTnX, `h-Xo-Xn. Ghta
Pm\m-Xn. lrZtb tlyh kXyw {]Xn-j vT nXw
sshXZv bmÚ-hevIy.
`hXo Xn Ghta sshX ZymÚ-hevIy.
Cu sXt¡-Zn-¡n \o GXp tZh-X-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\m-
Cu hSt¡ Zn¡n \o GXp tZh-X-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snbh\m-
Ip¶p? F¶p imI-ey³ tNmZn-¨p. ba-\m-Ip¶ tZh-X-tbm-
Ip¶p? F¶p imI-ey³ tNmZn-¨p. tkma-\m-Ip¶ tZh-X-
Sp-Iq- Sn- b-h- \m- Ip¶p F¶p bÚ-h-evIy³ D¯cw ]d-ªp.
tbm-Sp-Iq- Sn-h-b- h³ F¶p bmÚ-h-eI v y³ adp- ]Sn ]d-ªp.
B ba³ F´n {]Xn-j vTn-X- \ m-b n-cn-¡p¶p? F¶p
B tkma³ F´n {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-bn-cn-¡p¶p? F¶p
tNmZyw. bÚ-¯n F¶p-¯cw bÚw F´n-emWp
]ns¶bpw tNmZyw, Zo£-bn F¶p-¯-cw. Zo£ F´nÂ
{]Xn-jvTn-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv? F¶p tNmZyw. Z£n-W-bnÂ
{]Xn-jvTn-X-bm-bn-cn-¡p¶p? F¶p tNmZyw. kXy-¯nÂ
F¶p-¯-cw. Z£nW F´n {]Xn-jvTn-Xambncn¡p¶p?
F¶p-¯-cw. AXp-sIm­p Xs¶-b mWv Zo£n-X-t\m-S v,
F¶p tNmZyw. {i²-bn F¶p- ¯-cw. Ft¸m-gmtWm {i²n-
kXys¯ ]d-bpI F¶v ]d-bm-dp-ÅXv kXy-¯n Xs¶-
¡p-¶-Xv. At¸mÄ Z£n- Wsb Zm\w sN¿p-¶p. {i²-bnÂX-
bmWv Zo£ {]Xn- j v T n- X - b m- b n- c n- ¡ p- ¶ Xv F¶ pw
s¶-b mWv Z£nW {]Xn-jvTn-X-bm-bn-cn-¡p¶Xv? F¶p
bmÚhevIy³ ]d-ªp. kXyw F´n-emWv {]Xn-jT v n-am-
bmÚ-h-eI v y³ ]d-ªp. {i² F´n-emWv {]Xn-jT v n-X-bm-
bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv? F¶p tNmZyw. lrZ-b-¯n F¶p bmÚ-
bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv F¶p imI-ey³ tNmZn-¨p. lrZ-b-¯n F¶v
h- e vI y³ D¯cw ]d-ª p. lrZ- b w- s Im- ­ m-W tÃm
bmÚ-h-eI v y³ ]d-ªp. lrZ-bw-sIm-­m-WtÃm {i²sb
kXys¯ Adn-bp-¶-Xv. lrZ-b¯ - n Xs¶-bmWv kXyw
Adn-bp-¶-Xv. lrZ-b-¯n Xs¶- bmWv {i² {]Xn-jT v n-X-bm-
{]Xn-jvTn-X -am-bn-c n-¡p-¶Xv F¶pw ]d-ªp. AÃtbm

N P
 322
I bmÚ-hevIym CXv C§s\ Xs¶ F¶p imI-ey³ ]d-
ªp.
83. D ] þ Inw tZhtX m - f k ymw {[ phmbmw
Zniyko''Xn. ""Aán-tZ-hX'' CXn. ""tkm -f ánx
Ik v a n³ {] X nj vTnX '' CX n. ""hmN o'' X n
""Ikvan³ \p hmIv {]Xn-jvTntX'' Xn. ""lrZb''
CXn. ""Ikvan³ \p lrZbw {]Xn-jvTnX'' anXn.
Cu {[ph-Zn-¡n \o GXp tZh-X-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\m-
Ip¶p? F¶p imI-ey³ tNmZn-¨p. Aán-bm-Ip¶p tZh-X-
tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-hb³ F¶p bÚ-hm-eI v y³ D¯cw ]d-ªp.
B Aán F´n {]Xn-j vT n-X -\ m-b n-cn-¡ p¶p? F¶p
tNmZyw. hm¡n F¶p-¯-cw. hm¡v F´n-emWv {]Xn-jT v n-
X-bm-bn-cn-¡p¶vX? F¶p tNmZyw. lrZ-b¯ - n F¶p-¯-
cw. lrZbw F´n-emWv {]Xn-jTv n-X- am-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv? F¶p
iI-ey³ tNmZn¨p
84. D]þ Al-ÃntI Xn tlmhmN bmÚ-h tIym
bss{XX Z\y{Xm kva·m-\ym-ssk, bt²y XZ-
\y{Xm-k vaXv kymÑzmt\m ssh\-Z -Z ypÀhbmw
knssh-\Zv hna-Yv\oc ¶nXn
Al-ÃnI F¶p kwt_m-[\ sNbvXp-sIm­v bmÚ-
h-evIy³ ]d-ªp. GXp Ime-¯ n Cu lrZ-b s¯
\½nÂ\n¶p asäm-cn-S¯p hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-Xmbn \o hnNm-cn-
¡p-¶p-thm, At¸mÄ Cu lrZbw \½n \n¶p thsdm-cn-
S¯p Bbn- cn-¡p-¶-]£w CXn- s\þ Cu ico-cs¯ izm¡Ä
`£n-¡-tbm, CXns\ hb-Êp-IÄ-þ-I-gpIp apX-emb ]£n-
IÄ hna-Yn-¡tbm sN¿pw.
85. D]þ Ikvan³ \p Xzw Nm f- -f ßm N {]Xn-
jv TnXuØ CXn. {]mW CXn. Ikv an³ \p
{]mWx {]X-jvTnX CXn. A]m\ CXn. Ikvan³
\z]m\x {]Xn-jvTnX CXn hym\ CXn. Ikvan³
\p hym\x {]Xn-jvTnX CXn. DZm\ CXn Ikvan³
\qZm\x {]Xn-jvTnX CXn. kam\ CXn. k Gj
t\Xn, t\Xymßm -f Krtlym \ln KrlytX f-
iotcym \ln iocytXy - f kMv t Km- \ln
kÖtX f- kntXm \ hyYtX \cn-jy-Xn. GXm-
\y-ã , hmb- X - \ m, \ysãu temIm Asãu
]pcpjmx kb- k v X m³ ]pcp- j m³ \ncply
{]Xyp-lymXy {ImaXv Xw Xzu]-\n-jZw ]pcpjw
]rÑm-an. Xw tNt·\ hnh-£ykn aqÀ²m-tXhn
]Xn-jyXo Xn. Xw l\ tat\ imIeyx, Xkyl
aqÀ²m-hn-]-]mX A]n lmky ]cntam-£tWm -
f Øo\y ]P {lpc-\y-·-\y-am\mx.
\obpw Bßm-hpwþ ico-chpw lrZ-bhpw F´n-emWv
{]Xn-jvTn-X-cm-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv? F¶p imI-ey³ tNmZn¨p:
{]mW-\n F¶p bmÚ-h-evI y³ D¯cw ]d-ªp.
{]mW³ F´n-emWp {]Xn-jvTn-X-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv F¶p
tNmZyw. A]m-\-\n F¶p-¯cw A]m-\-³ F´n-emWp
N P
{]Xn- jTv n-X- \m- bn- cn-¡p-¶Xv? F¶p tNmZyw hym\-\n F¶p-
K
¯-cw. hym\³ F´n-emWp {]Xn-jvTn-X-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv
F¶p tNmZyw. DZm-\-\n F¶v D¯-cw. DZm-\³ F´n-
emWp {]Xn-jvTn-X-\m-bn-cn-¡p¶Xv? F¶p tNmZyw. kam-\-
\n F¶p-¯-cw. t\Xn, t\Xn F¶p a[p-Im-Þ-¯nÂ
\nÀt±-in-¡-s¸-«Xv CXm-Ip-¶p. Cu Bßmhv {Kln-¡-s¸-Sp-
hm³ Ign-bm-¯-Xm-Ip-¶p. Fs´- ¶mÂ, {Kln-¡-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã.
ioÀW-am-hm-¯-Xp-am-Wv. Fs´-¶mÂ, ioÀW-a m-Ip-¶n-Ã.
kMvK-an-Ãm-¯-Xm-Wv. Fs´- ¶m kà-am-Ip-¶n-Ã. _Ôn-
¡-s¸-Sm-¯-Xm-Wv. AXn-\m hyYn-¡p-¶n-Ã. AXn-\mÂ
lnwk-bn AI-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. Ch-bmWv F«v Bb-X-\-§epw
F«p temI-§epw F«p tZh-·mcpw F«p ]pcp-j-·m-cpw,
GsXm-cp-h-\mtWm B ]pcp-j-·msc \nÀh-ln-¨n-«vþ \nÝ-b-
ambn Kan-¸n-¨n«v {]Xn-hl - n-¨n-«v-þ- D-]-kw-l-cn-¨n«v AXn-{I-an-¨n-
cn- ¡p-¶-Xv-þ-D-]m-[n- [À½- s¯- ¡- S-¶ncn¡p¶-Xv, B Hu]-\n-j-
Z-\mb ]pcp-j-s\-þ- \n-t¶mSp Rm³ tNmZn-¡p-¶p. Ahs\
Ft¶mSp \o hnkv]-ã-ambn ]d-bm-Xn-cn-¡-bm-sW-¦nÂ
\nsâ aqÀ²mhv sXdn- ¨p-t]mIpw F¶p bmÚ-h-eI v y³ ]d-
ªp. B Hu]-\n-jZ- -\mb ]pcp-js\ imI-ey³ Adn-ªn-
Ã. Ahsâ aqÀ²mhv hn]-Xn-¨p-þ- sX-dn-¨p-t]m-bn. F¶p am{X-
a-Ã, ]cn-tam-jn-IÄ-þ-X-kvI-c-·mÀ thsd [\-sa¶p hnNm-cn-
¨p. Cu imI-eysâ AØn-Isf A]-l-cn-¨p.
86. D]þ AY tlmhm-Nþ {_mÒWm `K-ht´mtbm
hx Ima- b tX k am ] r Ñ X px k À thhm
am]rÑX; tbmhx Ima-btX Xw hx ]rÑm-an.
kÀÆm³ hm hx ]rÑman Xn. tX l {_mÒWm\
Z[rjpx
A\-´cw bmÚ-h-eI v y³ ]d-ªpþ `K-hm-·m-cm-b-þ-]q-
Py-cmb {_mÒ-W-tc, \n§-fpsS Iq«-¯n Bcv B{K- ln-
¡p-¶pthm Ah³ Ft¶mSp tNmZn-¡-s«. AsÃ-¦n \n§-
se-Ãm-hc
- pw-Xs¶ Ft¶mSp tNmZn-¨p-sImÄhn³! \n§-fnÂ
Bcv B{K-ln-¡p- ¶pthm Ah- t\mSv Rm³ tNmZn- ¡mw. AsÃ-
¦n \n§-tfm-sS- Ãm-h-tcmSpw Rm³ tNmZn¡mw F¶v. B
{_mÒ-WÀ ss[cy-s¸-«n-Ã.
87. D]þ Xm³ sslssX tÇmssI ]{]Ñ
bmÚ- h - e v I y³ Ah- tcmSp Xmsg ]d-b p¶
tÇmI-§Ä tNmZn¨p:
tÇm:þ bYm hrt£m h\-kv]-Xn, kvXssY-hþ
]pcptjm f- arjm;
Xky temam\n ]ÀWm\n XzK-tkymÂ
]mSnIm _lnx
h\-kv]-Xn-bm-b-þ-h-\-¯nsâ ]Xn-bmb hr£w F{]-Im-
ctam AXp-t]m-se-X-s¶-bmWv ]pcp-j³. CXp kXy-am-Ip-
¶p. Ahsâþ]p-cp-j-sâ-þ-tem-a- §Ä-þ- tcm-a-§Ä ]ÀW-§- fm-
Ip-¶p-þ-hr-£-¯nsâ Ce-IÄ¡p Xpey-§-fm-Ip-¶p. ]pcp-
jsâ ]pd-ta-bpÅ Xz¡v hr£- ¯nsâ ]pdw ]«-bm-Ip-¶p.
 323

I 88. D]þ XzN Ghmky cp[ncw {]ky-µn. XzN [\w Zm\w sN¿p- ¶-hsâbpw AXn¯s¶ ØnXn sN¿p- K
DZv]Sx Xkva mXv XZm-Xr-® mXv ss{]Xn ctkm ¶, AXns\ Adn-bp-¶-hsâbpw ]c-bmbn KXn.
hr£m-Znhm f- -f lXmXv
Chsâ Xz¡nÂ\n¶p càw Hgp-Ip-¶-Xmbncn¡p-¶p.
\mem-a-²ymbw
Xz¡nÂ\n¶p DÂ]-S-hpw-þ-I-d-bpw. AXn-\m hr£- ¯n\pw
]pcp-j\pw FÃmw Xpey- am-b-Xn-\mÂ, Bl- X- am-b-þ- On-¶-amb H¶mw {_mÒWw
hr£- ¯nÂ\n¶v Id F¶-t]m-se, lnwkn-¡-s¸-«-]p-cp-j- 1. D]þ Hmw P\tIm l sshtZl Bkmw Nt{Iþ
\nÂ\n¶v cp[ncw ]pd-s¸-Sp-¶p. AY l bmÚ-hevIy Bh-{hm-P. Xw tlmhm-
89. D]þ amwkm-\yky iI-cmWn; In\mSw kv\mh; NbmÚ-h-evIy, InaÀ°-a-Nmcox? ]iq \nѶ
XXvØ n-cw. AØo-\y-´ -ctXm ZmcpWn; aÖm Wzm´m \nXn. D`-b-tah k{am UnXn tlm hmN
atÖm-]am IrXm hntZ-lm-[n-]-\mb P\-I³ Xs¶-¡m-Wm-\m-h-iy-ap-Å-
Chsâ amwk-§Â hr£-¯nsâ iI-e§ - -fm-Ip-¶p. hÀ¡p ImWp-¶-Xn-\mbn Ccp-¶n-cp-¶p. At¸mÄ bmÚ-h-
In\m-Sw-þ-X-Sn-tbmSp tNÀ¶n- cn-¡p¶ sXmen-t]m-epÅ hkvXp- ev Iy³ sN¶p. At±-l-¯n-t\mSp P\-I³ tNmZn-¨pþ tl
bmÚ-h-eI v y. F´n-\m-bn-«mWv A§p h¶Xv? ]ip-¡sf
þ-]p-cp-jsâ kv\mhm-Ip-¶p (amwk-t]- in-bm-Ip-¶p.) In\mSw
CÑn-¨n-«mtam? kq£va-hkvXp \nÀ®-b-¯n Ah-km-\n-
amwk-t]-in-t]mse Dd-¸p-Å-Xm-W-tÃm. DÅn-epÅ XSn-IÄ
¡p¶ {]iv\-§sf CÑn-¨nt«m? F¶v. c­pw CÑn-¨p-Xs¶
]pcp-jsâ AØn-If - m-Ip-¶p. aÖ aÖbv¡v D]-a-bmbn
k{amt«! F¶p bmÚ-h-eI v y³ adp-]Sn ]d-ªp.
sN¿-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p.
2. D]þ bXv tX IÝn-Z- {_- h o- ¯ -Ñ r-W -h mtaXn.
90. D]-þ-bZv hrt£m hrIvtWm tcmlXn aqem¶
A{_-ho-t·-PnXzm ssien-\nÀhmssKz {_tÒ-Xn.
hXcx ]p\x aÀ¯yx kzn·r-Xyp\m hrIvWx I
bYm amXr-am³ ]nXr-am-\m-Nmcyhm³ {_qbm-Xv,
kvam·q-emXv {]tcm-lXn?
XYm-X - s sÑ- e n-\ nc {_hoZv hmssKz-{_- tÒ-X n.
hrIvW -am-b-þ- tO-Zn-¡-s ¸« hr£w aqe-¯nÂ\n¶v Ah-ZtXm ln Inw kymXv? CXn. A{_-h oXv
ho­pw Iptd-¡qSn ]p¯-\m-bn«v apf-bv¡p¶p F¦nÂ, XptX Xkym -f -f bX\w {]XnjvT? \ tay
arXyp-h n-\m On¶-\ mb aÀ¯y³ GXp aqe-¯ n {_ho ZnXn. GI]m Zzm GXXv k{am UnXn. k
\n¶mWv apf-b¡ v p-¶Xv? ssh t\m {_qln bmPvhevIy hm tKh f- -f
bX-\, amImix {]Xn-jvTm, {]tÚ-tXy-\µ - p-]m-
91. D]þ tcXk CXn am thmNX; Pohn-X -k vX Xv
kn- X . Im{]ÚXm bmÚ-h ev I y? hmtKh
{]Pm- b - t X. [\m- c p- l Ch ssh hrt£ - f
k{aUnXn- t lm- h m- N . hmNm ssh k{am- U v ,
RvPkm t{]Xy kw`hx.
_Ôpx {]Úm-b tX; EtKz-tZm, bPqÀthZx,
tcX-ÊnÂ\n-¶m-sW¶v \n§Ä ]d-tb-­. AXv-þ-tc-XÊv kmat- t Zm, - f YÀ hm- M v K n- c - k , CXn- l mk x,
Pohn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xn \n¶mWv D­m-Ip-¶-Xv. hr£w [m\- ]pcmWw, hnZym, D]-\n-jZx, tÇmImx, kq{Xm-
bn (_o-P-¯nÂ) \n¶p apf-bv¡p-¶-Xm-bp-ap-­v. acn-¨- Wy\p hymJym-\m-\ n, hymJym-\ m\oãw lpX,
Xnsâ tijw kw`-hn-¡pI F¶p-ÅXv {]Xy-£- am-W.v aminXw ]mbn-X, abw N temIx, ]c-Ý-temIx,
k À ÆmW n N ` qX m\ n hs sN h k{am- U v,
92. D]þ bXv kaq-ea - m-hr-tl-bpÀ hr£w \ ]p\-
Úmbs´ hmssKz k{am-U v, ]caw {_Ò.
cm`thX v aÀ ¯yx kzn· r- X yp\ m hr IvWx
ss\\w hmKvP-lm-Xn, kÀhm-tWy\w `qXm-\y-`n-
Ikvam·qemXv {]tcm-lXn? c-£-´n, tZthm-`qXzm tZhm-\-t]yXn, b Ghw
hr£s¯ aqe-t¯m-Sp- IqSn ]ngp-Xp-I-f-bp- I-bm-sW-¦n hnZzmt\ XZp-]m-k vtX. lkvXy-j `w kl{kw
ho­p D­m-Ib - n-Ã. arXyp-hn-\m On¶-\mb aÀ¯y³ ZZmao Xn tlmhm-NP - -\tIm sshtZlx ktlm-
ho­pw D­m-Ib - n-Ã. arXyp-hn-\m On¶-\mb aÀ¯y³ hmN bmÚhevIyxþ ]nXmta f a\yX \m\-
GXp aqe-¯n \n¶mWp apf-bv¡p-¶Xv? \p-in-jy- l-tc-tX-Xn.
93. D]þ PmX Gh, \; PmbtX; tImt\z\w P\- GXmtWm \n\¡v HcmÄ-þ-Hcp BNm-cy³-þ-]-d-ªp-X-¶n-
tbX v ] p\ x? hnÚ m- \ - a m- \ µ w {_ Ò , «p-ÅXv AXv \mw tIÄ¡s« F¶p bmÚ-he - vIy³ ]d-
cmXnÀ±mXpx ]cm-bWw XnjvT-am\ kyX ZznZx ªp. inen-\ sâ ]p{X-\ mb PnXzm-s h¶ BNm-c y³
hm¡mWv {_Òw F¶v F\n¡v ]d-ªp-X-¶n-«p­v F¶p
P\n-¨h
- ³ Xs¶-bm-WtÃm F¶m-sW-¦n A§-s\-b- P\-I³ ]d-ªp. F{]-Im-c-amtWm amXm-hp-Å-h\pw ]nXm-
Ã, ]ns¶bpw P\n-¡p-¶p-­v. Chs\ BcmWv ho­pw P\n- hp-Å- h\pw BNm-cy-\p-Å-h\pw ]d-bp-¶Xv A{]-Im-c-amWv
¸n-¡p-¶Xv/ hnÚm-\hpw B\-µhpw Bb {_Òw BWv. A§s\ ssien\n hm¡mWv {_Ò-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶-Xv.
N P
 324

I kwkm-cn-¡m-¯-h\v F´mWv D­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv? F¶v {_Ò. ss\\w {]mtWm-P-lm-Xn, kÀhm-tWy\w K

bmÚ-he - vIy³ ]d-ªp. F¶m AXn-sâ-þB hm¡m- `qXm-\y-`n-£-c-´n, tZthm-`qXzm tZhm-\-t]y-Xn, b
Ip¶ {_Ò-¯nsâ Bb-X-\-s¯- bpw-þ- i-co-c-t¯bpw {]Xn- Ghw hnZzm-t\-X -Zp-] m-k vtX. lkvX y-j Zw k
jvT-tbbpw At§¡v ]d-ªp-Xt¶m? F¶v bmÚ-h- l{kw ZZmao Xntlm-hmN \tIm sshtZlx k
evIy³ tNmZn-¨p. F\n¡p ]dªp X¶nà F¶p P\-I³ tlmhmN bmÚ- h ev I yx ]nXmta - f a\yX
]d-ªp. AÃtbm k{am-t«, CXv- þCu {_Òw Hcp Imep-am- \m\\p injy-l-tc-tX-Xn.
{X-ap- Å- Xm-WtÃm F¶p bmÚ- h- evIy³ ]d-ªp. AÃtbm
GXmtWm At§bv¡v Hcp BNm-cy³ ]d-ªp-X-¶n-«p-
bmÚ-h-evIym, CsXÃmw Adn-bm- hp¶ A§p- Xs¶ \ap¡v
ÅXv AXv \mw tIÄ¡s« F¶p bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]d-ªp.
]d-ªp-X-cnI F¶p P\-I³ At]-£n-¨p. hm¡m-Ip¶
iqev_sâ ]p{X-\mb DZ-¦³ {]mW-\mWv {_Ò-sa¶v
{_Ò-¯nsâ icocw hm¡p-X- s¶. BIm-i-amWv {]Xn-jvT.
F\n¡p ]d-ªp-X-¶n-«p­v F¶p P\-I³ ]d-ªp. F{]-
{]Ú F¶p-h¨v CXn-s\-þCu {_Òs¯ D]m-kn-¡Ww
Im-c-am-tWm, amXm-hp-Åh\pw ]nXm-hp-Å-h\pw BNm-cy-\p-
F¶p bmÚ-h-eI v y³ ]d-ªp. tl bmÚ-h-eI v y, GXp
Å-h\pw Bbn-cn-¡p-¶-h³ ]d-ªp-X-cp-¶-Xv, A{]-Im-c-am-
{]Ú-bmWv? F¶p P\-I³ tNmZn-¨p. AÃtbm k{am-t«,
Wv, {]mW-\mWv {_Ò-sa¶v iuev_m-b\ - ³ ]d-ªp-X-¶-
hm¡p-Xs¶ {]Úbm-Ip¶p F¶p bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]d-
Xv. {]mWn-b¡
v m-¯-h\v þ{]m-W-\n-Ãm-¯- h\v F´mWv D­m-
ªp. hm¡p-sIm-­m-WtÃm _Ôp Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. EtKz-
bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv? F¶p ]d-ªn«v bmÚ-h-evIy³ tNmZn-¨p.
Zhpw bPqÀth-Zhpw kma-th-Zhpw AYÀÆm-MvKn-c-khpw
F¶m AXn-sâ-þB {]mW- \m-Ip¶ {_Ò-¯nsâ Bb-X-
CXn-lm-khpw ]pcm-Whpw hnZy-Ifpw D]-\n-j-¯p-Ifpw
\-t¯bpw {]Xn-jvT-tb-bpw- þ-aq-¶p-Im-e-¯n- ep-apÅ B{i-b-
tÇmI-§fpw kq{X-§fpw A\p-hym-Jm-\-§epw hymJym-\-
t¯bpw B BNm-cy³ At§bv¡p ]dªp-X-¶pthm?
§epw bmKw-sIm-­p-­m-Ip¶ ]pWyhpw tlmaw \nan-¯-
F\n¡v ]d-ªp-X-¶n-«nà F¶p P\-I³ ]d-ªp. k{am-t«,
apÅ ]pWyhpw A¶- Zm-\-¯m-ep-­m-Ip¶ ]pWyhpw ]m\-
CXp-þCu {_Òw Hcp Imep-am-{X-ap-Å-Xm-WtÃm F¶p
Zm\w sIm­p kn²n-¡p¶ ]pWyhpw Cu temI-hpwþ Cu
bmÚ-h -e vI y³ ]d- ª p. AÃtbm bmÚ-h ev I ym
P·hpw ]c-a-amb temIhpw-þ-C-\n-bpÅ P·hpw FÃm `qX-
CsXÃmw Adnb-m-hp¶ A§p-Xs¶ \ap¡p ]d-ªp-X-cnI
§fpw hm¡p-sIm-­p-X-s¶-bm-Wv. k{am-t«, hm¡p-X-s¶-
F¶p P\-I³ At]- £n-¨p. {]mW³X-s¶-bmWv Cu {_Ò-
bmWv ]c-a-amb {_Òw. BcmtWm C{]-Imcw Adn-ªp-
¯nsâ ico-cw. BImiw BWv aq¶p Ime-¯n-ep-apÅ
sIm­n CXn-s\þ Cu hm¡m-Ip¶ {_Òs¯ D]m-kn-¡p-
B{ibw CXns\ {]nbw F¶p-h¨v D]m-kn-¡Ww F¶p
¶-Xv, Chs\ hm¡v Dt]- £n- ¡-bn- Ã. FÃm `qX-§fpw Chs\
bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]d-ªp. tl bmÚ-h-evIy, CXn-\pÅ
A`n-£-cn-¡p-¶p-þ-k-t´m-jn-¸n-¡p-¶p. tZh-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶n«v
{]nbXw F´mWv? F¶p tNmZyw. k{am-t«, {]mW³Xs¶
Ch³ tZh- ·msc A]n-K-an- ¡pw- þ- tZ-h-·m- cn ebn¡pw F¶p
{]nb-amWv F¶p bmÚ-h-eI v y³ adp]Sn ]d-ªp. k{am-
bmÚ-h-eI v y³ XpSÀ¶p ]d-ªp. B\-sb-t¸m-se-bp-Å-
t«, {]mW\p th­n-bm-WtÃm bPn-¸n-¡p-hm³ ]mSn-Ãm-¯-
Hcp Imf-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb Bbncw ]ip-¡sf At§bv¡p
hs\ bPn-¸n-¡bpw Zm\w hm§m³ ]mSn-Ãm-¯-hsâ Zm\w
Rm³ Xcp¶p F¶v hntZ-lm-[n-]-\mb P\-I³ ]d-ªp.
hm§p-Ibpwt]mepw sN¿p-¶-Xv. GXp Zn¡n t]mIp-
bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]dªp:þ A\p-im-kn-¡m-sX-þ-in-jys\
¶pthm AhnsS h[m-i-¦-bp-­m-Ip-¶p. k{am-t«, CsXÃmw
IrXmÀ°-\m-¡msX injy-\nÂ\n¶p [\w kzoI-cn-¡m³
{]mW³ {]nb- \m- b- Xp-sIm- ­p-X- s¶. k{am- t«, {]mW³X-s¶-
]mSnà F¶v Fsâ ]nXmhv hnNm-cn-¨n-cp-¶p.
bmWv ]c-a-amb {_Òw. BcmtWm C{]-Imcw Adn-ªp-
3. D]þ btZ-htX IÝn-Z-{_-hoXv XÑr-Wh ta Xn sIm­v CXns\ D]m-kn-¡p-¶Xv Chs\ {]mW³ Dt]-£n-
A{_- h o· DZ¦ x i ue v _ m- b \ x {]mtWm ¡p-I-bn-Ã. FÃm `qX- §fpw D]-lmcw apX-em-bXp \ÂIn
ssh{_-tÒXn bYm-am-Xr-am³, ]nXram, \m Nmcy- Ahs\ kt´m-jn-¸n¡pw. tZh-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶v tZh-·msc
h³ {_qbmXv XYm-XÑ - uev_mbt\m f- {_hoXv A]n-K-an¡pw F¶p bmÚ-he - vIy³ XpSÀ¶p ]d-ªp.
{]mtWm ssh{_-tÒ-Xn. A{]mWtXm ln Inw lkvXn-tb- t¸m-epÅ Ej- `- t¯m-Sp- Iq-Snb Bbncw ]ip- ¡sf
kymXv? CXn. A{_-h oXv Xp tX Xky -f -f Rm³ A§bv¡p Xcp¶p F¶v hntZ-lm-[n- ]-\mb P\-I³
bX\w {]Xnjv Tmw? \ta - f {_ho ZnX GI- ]d-ªp. AXp-tI« bmÚ-he - vIy³ ]dªp: injys\
]mZzm GXXvk{- am, UnXn, k ssh t\ {_qln A\p-im-kn¨v IrXmÀ°-\m-¡msX injy-\nÂ\n¶p [\w
bmÚ-hevIy {]mW-Ghm -f f- bI-\m-am-I mix hm§-cp-sX¶v Fsâ ]nXmhv hnNm-cn-¨n-cp-¶p.
{]Xn-jvTm, {]nb antXy-X-Zp-]m-kn-X. Im{]n-bXm
4. D]þ btZh tX IÝnZ {_hoXv XÑr-Whm taXn.
bmÚ-hevIy {]mW Gh k{am UnXn-tlm-hm-
A{_- h o- t ·- _ À¡pÀhmÀjv W Ý£pÀssh
N. {]mWky ssh k{am-Sv, Imam-bm-bmPyw bmP-
{_tÒ-Xn. bYm-am-Xr-am³ ]nXr-am-Xm-Nmcyhm³
bXy {]Xn-Kr-lyky {]Xn \rlvWm-Xy-]n. X{X-
{_qbmXv X Ym X ZzmÀ jvtW m - f {_ ho- ¨ -
h[mi¦w `hXn bmw Zni-ta-Xn. {]mW-sskyh
£pÀssh {_tÒ-Xn. A]-iytXm ln Inw kymZn-
k{amSv Imamb. {]mtWm ssh k{amSv ]caw
Xn. A{_- h oXv Xp tX Xkym - f - f bX\w
N P
 325

I {]XnjvT mw? \ta -f {_ho ZnXn. GI ]mZzm 5. D]þ btZh tX IÝnZ {_hoXv XÑy-Whm ta K
GXX v k{am U nXn. kss h t\ m {_ qln Xn A{_-h ot· KZÀ`o- h n- ] otXm `mcZzm Px
bmÚh-evIy. N£p-tchm -f f- bX\ amImix t{im{Xw ssh{_-tÒ-Xn, bYm amXr-am³ ]nXr-
{]XnjvTm, kXyan tXy\-Zp-]m-ko-X. Im kXyXm am-\m-Nm-cy-hm³ {_q-bmXv XYm-XZv `mcZzmtPm -
bmÚ - h e vIy? N £ p- t c h k {am U nX n f {_ho-tÑ-Xm{Xw ssh {_tÒ-Xn. AirWzmtXm
tlmhmNþ N£p-jmssh k{am-Sv, ]iy-´amlp ln Inw kymZnXn A{_-hoXv XptX Xky f -f b
c{Zm£o cnXn. k Blm-{Zm-£-an-Xn. XXv kXyw X\w {]XnjvTmw? \ ta -f {_ho XnXn GI-
`h-Xn. N£pÀssh k{am-Sv, ]caw {_Ò ss\\w ]mZzm GXXv k{am UnXn k ssh t\m {_qln
N£pÀP-l mXn; kÀhmtWy\w `qXm-\ y-` n-£ - bmÚ-hevIy t{im{Xtahm -f -f bX-\, amImix
c´n; tZthm `qXzm tZhm\t]yXn b Ghw hnZym- {]Xnjv T m - f \´ CtXy\ Zp]m- k nX I - f
t\-XZp ]mkvtX. lkvXyrj`w kl{kw ZZmao \´Xm bmÚ-hevIy? Zni Gh k{am, UnXn
Xn tlmhmN P\tIm, ssh tZlx. ktlm hmN tlm hmN. Xk-avmssZz k{am, U]nbmw Imw N
bmÚ-hevIyxþ ]nXmta -f a\yX \m\-\p-injy Zniw KÑXn ss\hmkym A´w KÑXn A\´m
ltc tXXn. ln Zntim, Zntim ssh k{am- S v , t{im{Xm,
t{im{Xw Plm-Xn, kÀhm-tWy\mw `qXm\y `n£-
GXmtWm At§bv¡v Hcp BNm-cy³ ]d-ªp-X- ¶-«p-
c´n; tZthm `qXzm tZhm- \ - t ]y- X nb Ghw
ÅXv AXp \mw tIÄ¡- s«. F¶p bmÚ- h-evIy³ ]d-ªp.
hnZzmt\ XZp-] mkvt XlkvXyr j`w kl{kw
hrjvWsâ ]p{X-\mb _À¡p F¶ BNm-cy³ N£p-
ZZmao Xn tlmhmN P\tIm sshtZlx ktlm-
ÊmWv {_Ò-sa¶v F\n¡p ]d-ªp-X-¶n-«p-­v F¶p P\-
hmN bmÚ-hevIyxþ]nXmta f- a\yX \m\-\p-
I³ ]d-ªp. F{]-Im-c-amtWm amXm-hp-Å-h\pw ]nXm-hp-
injy ltc tXXn.
Å- h\pw BN-cy- \p-Å- h\pw Bbn- «p-Å-h³ ]d- bp-¶Xv A{]-
Im-c-amWv hrjvWsâ ]p{X³ N£p-ÊmWv {_Ò-sa¶v ]d- GXmtWm At§bv¡v Hcp BNm-cy³ ]d-ªp-X-¶n-«p-
ªp- X- ¶Xv Fs´- ¶m I®p ImWm- ¯- h\v F´m- Wp- ­m- Å- Xv, AXp \mw tIÄ¡s« F¶p bmÚ- h-evIy³ ]d-ªp.
bn-c n- ¡ m- h p-¶ Xv ? F¶p bmÚ- h -e v I y³ ]d-ª p. `c-Zzm-Psâ ]p{X-\mb KÀZ-`o-hn-]o-X³ F¶ BNm-cy³
]ns¶bpw tNmZn¨p-þ F¶mÂ, B {_Ò-¯nsâ B bX-\- t{im{Xw Xs¶-bmWv {_Òw F¶v F\n¡p ]dªp-X-¶n-
t¯-bpw-þ-i-co-c-s¯bpw {]Xn-jT v -tb-bpw-þ-aq¶p Ime-¯n-ep- «p-­v. F¶p P\-I³ ]d-ªp. F{]-Im-c-amtWm amXm-hp-Å-
apÅ B{i-b-t¯bpw At§bv¡v ]d-ªp-X-¶n-«pt­m? h\pw ]nXm-hp-Å-h\pw BNm-cy-\p-Å-h\pw Bbn-«p-Å-h³
F\n¡p ]d-ªp-X-¶n-«nà F¶p P\-I³ ]d-ªp. k{am- ]d-ªp- X- cp-¶Xv A{]- Im-c-am- Wv, t{im{Xw Xs¶-bmWv {_Ò-
t«, CXv-þCu {_Òw Hcp Imep am{X- ap-Å-Xm-WtÃm F¶p sa¶v `c- Zzm- Psâ ]p{X³ ]d- ª-Xv. Fs´-¶mÂ, tIÄ¡m³
bÚ-hvey³ ]d-ªp. AÃtbm bmÚ-he - vIy, Adn-bm- km[n-¡m-¯-h\v F´m-Wp-­m-bn- cn-¡pI? F¶p ]d- ªn«v
hp¶ A§p-Xs¶ \ap¡p ]d-ªp-X-cnI F¶p P\-I³ bmÚ-h-evIy³ tNmZn¨p:þ F¶m B t{im{X-am-Ip¶
At]-£n-¨p. B bX-\m-þ-i-c-cw- þ-N£p-Êp-X-s¶. {]Xn-jT v -þ- {_Ò-¯nsâ Bb-X-\-t¯-bpw-þ- i-co-c-s¯bpw {]Xn-jT v -tb-
aq¶p Ime-¯n-ep-apÅ B{i-bw-þ-B-Imi-am-Ip-¶p. kXyw bpw-þ B-{i-b -t ¯bpw ]d- ª p-X -¶ n- «pt­m? F\n¡v
F¶p-h¨v CXns\ D]m-kn-¡Ww F¶p bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]dªp X¶n-«nà F¶p P\-I³ adp-]Sn ]d-ªp. k{am-t«,
]d-ªp. AÃtbm bmÚ-hevIy F´p kXy-amWv CXn-\p- CXv-þCu ]d-ªp- X¶ {_Òw Hcp Imep am{X- ap-Å-Xm- WtÃm
ÅXv? F¶p P\-I³ tNmZn-¨p. AÃtbm k{am-t«, N£p- F¶p bmÚ-he - I
v y³ ]d-ªp. AÃtbm bmÚhevIym
Êp-Xs¶ kXy-am-Ip¶p F¶p-]-dª - n«v bmÚ-he - vIy³ A§p-Xs¶ \ap¡p ]d-ªp-X-cnI F¶p P\-I³ At]-
]dªp: N£p-Êp-sIm- ­p ImWp-¶-h-t\mSv \o I­pthm? £n- ¨p. icocw t{im{Xw Xs¶-bm-W.v B{ibw BIm-i- am-
F¶p tNmZn-¡m-dp-­-tÃm. Ah³ Rm³ I­p F¶p ]d- Ip¶ A\´w F¶p-h¨v CXns\ D]m-kn-¡-Ww. F¶p
bp-¶p. AXp kXyw-Xs¶ BIp-¶p. k{am-t«, N£p-Êp-X- bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]d-ªp. AÃtbm bmÚ-h-evIym, CXn-
s¶-bmWv ]c- a-amb {_Òw. BcmtWm C{]-Imcw Adn-ªp- \pÅ A\-´X GXmWv? F¶p P\-I³ tNmZn-¨p. k{am-
sIm­v CXns\ D]m-kn-¡p-¶-Xv, Chs\ N£pÊv Dt]-£n- t«, Zn¡p- IÄ Xs¶- bmWv A\-´X F¶p ]d- ªn«v bmÚ-
¡-bn-Ã. FÃm `qX- §fpw Chs\ D]-lm-cm-Zn-IÄsIm­p h-evIy³ ]dªp:þ AXn-\m BWv k{am-t«, GXp Zn¡n-
kt´m-jn-¸n-¡pw. Ah³ tZh-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶v tZh-·m-cn tebv¡p t]mbmepw CXnsâ Ah-km-\s¯ XoÀ¨bmbpw
ebn-¡pw. lkv Xn-sb-t¸m-se-bpÅ Ej-`-t¯m-Sp-Iq-S nb {]m]n-¡m-¯-Xv. Zn¡p-IÄ A\-´-§-fm-WtÃm. Zn¡p-IÄ
Bbncw tKm¡sf Rm³ At§bv¡p Xcp¶p F¶v hntZ- Xs¶- bm-W,v k{am- t«, t{im{Xw. t{im{Xw Xs¶- bm-Wv, k{am-
lm-[n-]-\mb P\-I³ ]d-ªp. bmÚ-he - vIy³ AXn-\p- t«, ]c- a-amb {_Òw. BcmtWm C{]-Imcw Adn-ªp- sImWv
¯cw ]dªp:þ injys\ A\p-im-kn¨p IrXmÀ°-\m- CXns\ D]m-kn-¡p-¶-Xv, Chs\ t{im{Xw Dt]-£n-¡-bn-Ã.
¡msX injy-\nÂ\n¶p [\w hm§n-¡qSm F¶v Fsâ FÃm `qX-§fpw Chs\ D]-lm-cmZn kaÀ¸-Ww-sIm­p
]nXmhp hnNm-cn-¨n-cp-¶p. kt´m- jn- ¸n¡pw. Ah³ tZh- \m- bn- ¯oÀ¶v tZh- ·msc A]n-

N P
 326

I K-an-¡pw-þ-tZ-h-·m-cn ebn-¡pw. lkvXn-sb-t¸m-se-bpÅ ¶p-þ-B-\-µ-tl-Xp-hm-Ip-¶p. k{am-t«, a\-Êp-X

s¶-
- bmWv ]c- K
Ej-`-t¯m- Sp-Iq- Snb Bbncw tKm¡sf Rm³ Xcp-¶p. F¶v a- amb {_Òw. BcmtWm C§s\ Adn- ªp-sIm­v CXns\
hntZ-lm-[n-]-\mb P\-I³ ]d-ªp. bmÚ-he - vIy³ ]d- D]m-kn- ¡p-¶Xv Chs\ a\Êv Dt]- £n-¡-bn- Ã. Chs\ FÃm
ªp. injys\ A\p-im-kn¨p IrXmÀ°-\m-¡msX injy- `qX-§fpw D]-lm-c- §Ä kaÀ¸n-¨pw aäpw kt´m-jn-¸n-¡pw.
t\mSp [\w hm§n-¡qSm F¶p Fsâ ]nXmhv hnNm-cn-¨n- Ah³ tZh-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶n«v tZh-·m-cn ebn-¡pw. lkvXn-
cp-¶p. sb-t¸m- epÅ Ej- `- t¯m-Sp- Iq- Snb Bbncw ]ip- ¡sf Rm³
Xcp¶p F¶v hntZ-lm-[n-]-\mb P\-I³ ]d-ªp. B
6. D]þ btZh tX IÝn-Z-{_-ho-Xv, XÑr-WhmtaXn.
bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]dªp: injys\ A\p-im-kn-¡msX
A{_-hot· kXy-Imtam Pm_mtemat\m ssh
injy-\nÂ\n¶p [\w kzoI-cn-¨p-IqSm F¶v Fsâ ]nXmhv
{_tÒ-Xn. bY amXr-am³ ]nXram\m-Nm-cy-hm³
hnNm-cn-¨n-cp-¶p.
{_qbm-Xv, XYm XÖm_mtem -f {_ho-· t\m
ssh {_tÒXn Aa-\tkmln Inw kymXv? CXn. 7. D]þ btZh tX IÝn-Z-{_-hoXv XÑr-WhmtaXn.
A{_-hoXv Xp tXXkym -f-f bX\w {]XnjvTmw/ A{_hot· hnZKv²x imIteym lrZbw ssh
\ta -f {_hoZnXn. GI-] mZzm GXXv k{am {_tÒXn. bYm-am-Xr-am³ ]nXram\mNm-cy-hm³
UnXn. kssh t\m {_qln bmÚ-h-evIy. a\ {_qbmXv XYm XÑm-I teym -f {_oZv [rXbw
Ghm -f f- bX-\, amImix {]XnjvTm -f f- \µ ssh {_tÒ-Xn. A{_hoXv Xp tX Xkym f- -fb
CtXy- \ Zp]mko- X . Im - f- f \µ Xm bmÚ - X-\w, {]XnjvTmw? \ta f- {_ho ZnXn GI-]mZv
hevIy? a\ Gh k{am-UnXn tlmhmN a\km hm GXXv k{am, UnXn. k ssh tXm {_qln
ssh k{amSv kv{Xnb-a-`n-lm-cy-tX, Xkymw {]Xn- bmÚhevIy lrZ-b-tahm -f f- bX-\, amImix
cq]x ]pt{Xm PmbtX; k B\µx at\m ssh {] Xnj v T m, Ø nXn- c n- t Xy\ Zp]m- k oX Im
k{amSv ]caw {_Ò; ss\\w at\m Plm-X n, ØnXnXm bmÚ-h evI y lrZb tah k{am,
kÀhmtWy\w `qXm-\y-`n-£-c-´n, tZthm `qXzm U nX n. tl mhmN l r Zbw s s h k {amSv
tZhm\t]yXn b Ghw hnZzm-t\-X -Zp-] m-k vtX. kÀthjmw `qXm-\ m- am-b -X \w lrZbw ssh
lkvX yrj`w kl{kw ZZmao Xn tlmhmN k{amSv kÀthjmw `qXm\mw {]Xn-jvTm-lr-Ztb
P\tIm ss htZl x. k tlm- h mN bmÚ - tlyh k{amSv kÀhmWn `qXm\n {]Xn-jvTn-Xm\n
hevIyxþ ]nXmta -f a\yX Xm\-\p-injy ltc- `h´n lrZbw ssh k{amSv ]caw {_Ò. ss\\w
tXXn lrZbw PlmXn; kÀhm-tWy\w `qXm-\y-`n-£-
c´n; tZthm `qXzm tZhm-\ -t ]yXn; b Ghw
GXmtWm At§bv¡v Hcp BNm-cy³ ]d-ªp-X-¶n-«p- hnZzmt\X-Zp-]m-kvtX. lkvXyr j`w kl{kw
Å- Xv, AXp \mw tIÄ¡s« F¶p bmÚ- h-evIy³ ]d-ªp. ZZmaoXntlm hmN P\tIm ssh tZlx ktlm-
P_m-e-bpsS ]p{X-\mb kXy-Im-a³, a\-ÊmWp {_Ò-sa¶v hmNbmÚ-hevIyx:þ ]nXm ta -f a\yX \m\-
F\n¡p ]dªp-X- ¶n-«p­v F¶p P\-I³ adp-]Sn ]d- ªp. \pinjy ltc-tX-Xn.
F{]-Im-c-am-tWm, amXm-hp-Å-h\pw ]nXm-hp-Å-h\pw BNm- GXmtWm At§bv¡v Hcp BNm-cy³ ]dªpX-¶n-«p-
cy-\p-Å-h\pw Bbn-«p-Å-h³ ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¡p-¶-Xv, A{]- Å- Xv, AXv \mw tIÄ¡s« F¶p bmÚ- h- evIy³ ]d-ªp.
Im-c-am-Wv, P_m-eb - psS ]p{X³ a\-ÊmWv {_Òw F¶v iI-esâ ]p{X- \mb hnZ-Kv²³, lrZ-b-amWv {_Òw F¶v
]dª-Xv. Fs´- ¶mÂ, a\-Ên-Ãm-¯-h\v F´m-Wp-­m-bn- F\n¡p ]dvRp-X-¶n- «p­v F¶p P\-I³ D¯cw ]d-ªp.
cn-¡m-hp-¶Xv? F¶p ]d-ªn«v bmÚ-h-evIy³ tNmZn-¨p. F{]-Im-c-amtWm amXm-hp-Åh - \pw ]nXm-hp-Å-h\pw BNm-
F¶m At§bv¡v B a\Êm-Ip¶ {_Òs¯ Bb-X-\- cy-\p-Å-h\pw Bbn-«p-Åh - ³ ]d-ªp-X-cp-¶-Xv, A{]-Im-c-
t¯-bpw- þ-i-co-c-t¯-bpw, {]-Xn-jTv - tb-bpw-þ-B-{i-b-t¯bpw amWv imI-ey³ A§s\ lrZ-b- amWv {_Ò- sa¶p ]d- ªp-
]d-ªp-X-¶n-«pt­m? F\n¡p ]d-R- Rp-X- ¶n-«nà F¶p P\- X-¶-Xv. Fs´- ¶mÂ, lrZ-b-an-Ãm-¯- X- h\v F´mWv D­m-
I³ ]d-ªp. k{am-t«, Cu {_Òw Hcp ]mZw am{X- ap-Å-Xm- bn-c n- ¡ m- h p- ¶ Xv ? F¶p ]dªn«p bmÚhev I ³
WtÃm F¶p bmÚ-h-eI v y³ ]d-ªp. AÃtbm bmÚ- tNmZn¨p:þ F¶m At§bv¡v AXn-sâþ B {_Ò-
h-eIv y, A§-s\-bpÅ A§p-Xs¶ \ap-¡p-]-tZ-in-¨p-X-cnI ¯nsâ Bb-X-\t- ¯-bpw-þ-i-co-c-t¯bpw {]Xn-jT v -tb-bpw-
F¶p P\-I³ At]-£n-¨p. icocw a\-Êp-X- s¶. {]Xn-jvT- þ-B-{i-b-t¯bpw ]d-ªp-X-¶n-«pt­m? F\n¡v ]d-ªp-X-
þ-B-{i-bw, BIm-i- am-Ip-¶p. B\-µ-sa-¶p-h¨v CXns\ D]m- ¶n- «nà F¶p P\-I³ adp-]Sn ]d- ªp. k{am- t«, Cu {_Òw
kn-¡-Ww. F\v\p bmÚ-he - vIy³ ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¯p. Hcp ]mZw a{X-ap-ÅX - m-WtÃm F¶p bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]d-
bmÚ-h-eI v y, CXn-\pÅ B\-µXw F´mWv? F¶p P\- ªp. AÃtbm bmÚ-hevIy A§p-Xs¶ \ap¡v ]d-ªp-
I³ tNmZn-¨p. k{am-t«, a\-Êp-Xs¶ B\-µ-am-Ip¶p F¶p X-cnI F¶p P\-I³ At]-£n-¨p. icocw lrZ-bw-Xs¶
]d-ªn«v bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]dªp:þ k{am-t«, a\-Êp-sIm- {]Xn-jvTþ B{ibw BIm-i-am-Ip-¶p. ØnXn F¶p-h¨v
­m-WtÃm kv{Xosb {]mÀ°n-¡p-¶-Xv. Ah-fn A\p-cq-]- CXns\ D]m-kn-¡Ww F¶p bmÚ-he - vIy³ ]d-ªp.
\mb ]p{X³ P\n-¡p-¶p. Ah³-þB ]p{X³-þ-B-\-µ-am-Ip- AÃtbm bmÚ-he - vIy, CXn-\pÅ ØnXnX F´mWv?
N P
 327

I F¶p P\-I³ tNmZn-¨p. k{am-t«, lrZ-bw-Xs¶ ØnXn-bm- Z£n-W-amb A£n-bn DÅ Cu ]pcp-j³ CÔ³ K
Ip¶p F¶p ]d-ªn«v bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]dªp:þ k{am- F¶p t]cp-Å-h-\m-Ip-¶p. CÔ- \m-bn-cn-¡p¶ Ch- s\-bmWv
t«, lrZ-b-amWv FÃm `qX-§Ä¡pw Bb-X- \. k{am-t«, lrZ- ]tcm-£- am-bn«v C{µ³ F¶v ]d- bp-¶-Xv. Fs´-¶m ]tcm-
b-amWv FÃm `qX- §Ä¡pw {]Xn-jT v . Fs´-¶mÂ, k{am- £-{]n-b-·m- cmb tZh- ·mÀ {]Xy-£-ambn t]cp ]d- bp-¶-Xns\
t«, lrZ-b-¯n Xs¶-bmWv FÃm `qX- §epw {]Xn-jvTn-X- shdp-¡ p-¶-h-cm-Ip-¶p.
§-fm-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. k{am-t«, lrZ-b-amWv ]c-a-amb {_Òw.
10. D]þ Ass[-X-Zzmta -f £Wo ]pcp-j-cq-]ta jm
BcmtWm C{]-Imcw Adn-ªp-sIm­v CXns\ D]m-kn-¡p-
-f ky ]Xv\o hncmSv; Xtbm-tcj kwkvXmthm
¶-Xv, Chs\ lrZbw Dt]-£n-¡-bnà Chs\ FÃm `qX-
§fpw D-]l - m-cmZnIÄsIm­p kt´m-jn-¸n¡pw, Ah³ b Gtjm -f ´À lrZb BImix AssY-\ -
tZh-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶n«p tZh-·m-cn ebn-¡pw. lkvXn-sb-t¸m- tbmtc X Z¶w, b Gtjm -f ´À lrZtb
e-bpÅ Ej-`-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb Bbncw tKm¡sf Rm³ temln-X-] nÞx. XssY \tbmtc XXv {]mh-
Xcp¶p F¶v hntZ-lm-[n-]\ - mb P\-I³ ]d-ªp. bmÚ- cWw btZ-X-Z-´À lrZ tbPm-eI - -an-h. AssY-
h-evIy³ ]dªp: injys\ A\p-im-kn-¡msX injy- \- t bmtc jmkrXn; k© cnWo, ssbjm
\nÂ\n¶pw [\w hm§-cp-sX¶v Fsâ ]nXmhv hnNm-cn-¨n- lrZbm ZqÀ²zm \mUyp-¨-cX - n. bYm tIix kl-
cp-¶p. {k[m `n¶ Gh- a - s skyXmlnXm \m a\mtkym
-f ´´À lrZtb {]XnjvTnXm `h´n GXm-
c­mw {_mÒWw `nÀÆm GX-Zm-{kh Zm{k-hXn Xkvam-tZj {]hn-
8. D]þ P\tIm l sshtZlx IpÀ¨m-Zp-]m-kÀ¸¶ hn-àm-lm-c-Xc Csshh `hXykvamÑmco cmZm-
hm N \akv t X - f kv X p bmÚ- h - e v I ym\p ß\x
amim[o Xn, ktlm-hm-Nþ bYm ssh k{am¬
]ns¶ CS-¯p-I® - n DÅ Cu ]pcp-j-cq]w Cu
alm-´-a-[zm\ tajy³ cYw hm \mhw hm kam-
C{µsâ ]Xv\n-bmb hncm-«m-Ip-¶p. lrZ-b-a-²y-¯n DÅ
ZZo ssXhta sshXm-`n-c p-]-\ n-jZv` ox kam-ln-
Cu BImiw GtXm CXv Ah-cp-sS-þB C{µ-sâbpw C{µm-
Xmßm f- kn. Ghw hrµm-cI BVyx k¶[o-
Wn-bp-sSbpw kwkvXm-h-am-Ip-¶p. ]ns¶, lrZ-bm-´À`m-K-
X-thZ Dtàm-]-\n-jXvI CtXm hnapNyam\x Iz
¯n- epÅ ]nÞm-Ir-Xnsb {]m]n-¨n-cn-¡p¶ càw GtXm
Kan-jyko Xn. \mlw XZv `Kh³ thZ-b{X Kan-
CXv Ah-cpsS A¶- am-Ip-¶p. ]ns¶ lrZ-bm-´À`m-K-¯nÂ
jymao Xn AY sshtX -f lw XZv h£yman
Cu he-t]m-se-bp-ÅXv GtXm CXv Ch-cpsS {]mh-c-W-am-
b{X Kan-jyko Xn. {_hoXp Khm \nXn.
Ip-¶p. ]ns¶ lrZ-b¯ - n \n¶v DuÀ²zm-`n-ap-Jn-bmbn
hntZ-lm-[n-]-\mb P\-I³ IqÀ¨-sa¶ Hcp-Xcw Bk-\- GXp \mUn-bmtWm t]mIp-¶Xv CXv Ch-cpsS k©-cn-¡p-
¯nÂ\n¶v ASp-¡Â Cd-§n-s¨-¶n«v ]dªp:þ AÃtbm ¶-Xn-\pÅ krXn-bm-Ip-¶p. Bbn-c-am-bn«p t`Zn-¡-s¸«
bmÚ-h- eI v y-þ- A-t§bv¡p \a-kvImcw Fs¶ A\p- im-kn- tIjw-þ-X-e\ - mcv GXp {]Im-ctam C{]-Im-c-apÅ lnX-IÄ
¨mepw! F¶v. bmÚ-h-eI v y³ ]dªp:þ k{amt« F{]-Im- F¶v t]À ]d-bp¶ Cu tZl-¯nsâ \mUn-IÄ lrZ-bm-
c-amtWm Hcp ZoÀL-amb A[zm-hns\ Kan-¡p-hm³ t]mIp- ´À`m-K-¯n Dd-¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah-bn IqSn-bmWv
¶-h³ cY-s¯tbm \uhn-t\tbm FSp-¡p-¶-Xv, C{]-Imcw Hen-¨p-t]m-Ip¶ Cu A¶w t]mIp-¶-Xv. AXn-\m Cu
Xs¶ A§v Cu D]-\n-j-¯p-I-sf-s¡m­v kwbp-àm-ßm- enwKm-ßmhv Cu ico-c-am-Ip¶ Bßm-hn-t\-¡m kq£va-
hm-bn-þ-H-cp-¡- saÃmw ]qÀ¯n-bm-b-h- \mbn Ccn-¡vIp-¶p. C{]- X-c-amb Blm-c-t¯m-Sp-Iq-bnh Xs¶ BIp-¶p.
Imcw hrµm-I-c-\pw- þ- ]q-Py\pw [\-hm\pw thZ-§sf A[y-
b\w sNbvXn-«p-Å-h\pw BNm-cy-·m-cm D]-\n-j-¯p-IÄ 11. D]þ Xky {]mNo-ZnIv {]m©x {]mWm, Z£nWm
D]-tZ-in-¡-s¸-«-h\pw BsW-¦n A§v CXnÂ\n-¶v- þCu ZnKvZ-£ ntW {]mWmx, {]Xo-N o-Z nIv {]Xy©x
tZl-¯nÂ\n¶v hn«p-t]m-Ip-t¼m FhnsS t]mIpw? `K- {]mWm, DZoNo ZnKp- Z ©x {]mWm DuÀ²z
hmt\, Rm³ Fhn- sS-bmtWm t]mIp-hm³ t]mIp-¶-Xv, AXv ZnKqÀ²zmx {]mWm, AhmNo ZnK-hm©x {]mWmx,
Rm³ Adn-bp-¶nà F¶p P\-I³ ]d-ªp. A§-s\-bm- kÀhm-Znix kÀth {]mWmx k Gj t\Xn-t\Xn
sW-¦n F§p Fhn-sS-bmtWm t]mIp-hm³ t]mIp-¶-Xv, Bßm -f Krtlym \ ln KrlytX -f iotcym \
AXv At§bv¡v Rm³ ]d-ªp-Xcmw F¶p bmÚ-h- ln iocytX -f kMv t Km \ ln kPytX - f
evIy³ ]d-ªp. `K-hm³ ]d-ªp-X-¶mepw! F¶p P\-I³ kntXm \ hyYtX \ cnjyXn A`bw ssh
]d-ªp. P\I {]m]vt Xm - f kn Xntlm- h mN bmÚ-
hÂIyx k tlmhmN P\ tIm sshtZ tlm f-
- tÔm l ssh \mssaj tbm f- bw Z£n
9. D]-þC
tW f- £³ ]pcpjx Xw hm GX-anÔw k´- `bw Xzm KÑ-XmZv bmÚ-hevIy tbm t\m `K-
an{µ CXym-N -W tX ]tcm-t £-W -s sh. ]tcm- h-¶-`bw thZ-btk; \akvtX f- kvXnta hntZ
£{]nbm Ch ln tZhmx {]Xy-£-Zznjx lm Ab-a-l-akvXn

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 328

I B hnZzm\v Ing-t¡-Zn¡v Ing-¡pÅ {]mW-§-fm-Ip-¶p. 14. D]þ AkvXa - nX BZntXy bmÚ-hevI y Inw K
sXt¡-Zn¡p sX¡pÅ {]mW-§- fm-Ip-¶p. ]Sn-ªm-td-Zn¡p tPymXn-tc-hmbw ]qcpj CXn N{µam Ghmky
]Sn-ªm-dpÅ {]mW-§-fm-Ip-¶p. hS-¡p-Zn¡p hS-¡pÅ tPymXnÀ`-h-XoXn N{µ-a-ssk-hmbw tPymXnjm
{]mW-§-fm-Ip-¶p. apI-fn-epÅ Zn¡p apI-fn-epÅ {]mW- kvtX ]ey-btX IÀa IpcptX hn]-tey-Xo-tXyh
§-fm-Ip-¶p. Xmg-bpÅ Zn¡p Xmsg-bpÅ {]mW-§-fm-Ip- tassh-XZv bmÚ-h-e vIy,
¶p. FÃm {]m-W§ - -fp-am-Ip-¶p. CXmWv t\Xn-t\Xn F¶p
tl bmÚ-h- eI v ym, BZn-Xy³ AkvX-an-¡p-t¼m Cu
a[p-Im-Þ-¯n \nÀt±-in-¡-s¸-«n-«pÅ Bßm-hv. Cu
Bßmhv {Kln-¡-s¸-Sp-hm³ Ign-bm-¯-Xm-Ip-¶p. Fs´- ]pcp-j³ GXn tPymXn-Êp-Å-h-\mIpw? bmÚ-h-evI³
¶mÂ, AXp {Kln-¡-s¸-Sp-h- ¶n-Ã. s]mSn-ªp-t]m-Im¯Xm- ]d-ªp. Cu ka-b¯v N{µ-\n Ahsâ tPymXn-Êp-­m-
Ip-¶p. Fs´- ¶m s]mSn-ªp-t]m-Ip-¶n-Ã. kMvK-an-Ãm-¯- Ipw, N{µsâ cq]-¯n- epÅ tPymXn-Êp-hgn Ch³ Ccn-¡p-
Xm-Ip-¶p. Fs´- ¶m kwKs¯ {]m]n-¡p- ¶n-Ã. _Ôn-¡- Ibpw At§m«pw Ct§m«pw t]mIp-Ibpw IÀ½w sN¿p-
s¸-Sm-¯-Xm-Ip-¶p. Fs´-¶m hyYn-¡p-¶n-Ã. AXn-\m Ibpw Xncn-¨p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. P\-I³ tNmZn-¨p. tl
lnwksb {]m]n-¡p-¶n-Ã. \in-¡p-¶n-Ã. AÃtbm P\-I, bmÚ-h-eI v ym, Cu Imcyw C§-s\-X-s¶- bmtWm
A`-bs¯ A§v {]m]vX-\m-bn-cn-¡p¶p F¶p bmÚ-h- 15. D]-þ-A -k vX -anX BZntXy bmÚ-hevI y N{µ
evIy³ ]d-ªp. B hntZ-lm-[n-]-\mb P\-I³ ]dªp:þ aky- k vX -a ntX Inw tPymXn-tc-h mbw ]pcpj
AÃtbm bmÚ- hevIy `K- hmt\ F\n¡p A`- bs¯ Adn- CXy ántc- h mky tPmXnÀ`- h - X o- X y- á n- t c- \ -
bn-¨p-X-cp¶ At§bpw A`-bw-þ-AÀ°-iq-\y-am-bn-«p-ÅXv hmbw tPymXn-jmkvtX ]ey-btX IÀa IcptX
{]m]n-¡-s«. At§bv¡v \a-kv¡mcw! hntZ-l-§Ä CXm! hn]teyXo-tXy-h-t a-ssh-X Zv bmÚ-hevI y.
Rm³ CXm!
P\-I³ tNmZn¨p tl bmÚ- h-evIym, BZn-Xy³ AkvX-
an-¨p-t]mbn I-gn-ªn«pw Cu ]pcp-j³ GXn tPymXn-Êp-
aq¶mw {_mÒWw Å-h-\m-Ipw. bmÚ-h-eI v y³ ]d-ªp. Ahsâ tPymXnÊv
12. D] P\Iw l sshtZlw bmÚ-hevIym PKma Aán-bn-em-Ip-¶p. Ah³ Aán cq]-tPym-Xn-Êp-hgn Ccn-
ktat\ \ hZnjy CXn. AY l bÚ-\-IÝ ¡p-Ibpw At§m- «p- an-t§m«pw k©-cn-¡p-Ibpw IÀ½- §Ä
sshtZtlm bmÚ- h - e v I y- Ý mán tlmt{X sN¿p-I bpw IÀ½s¯ hcn-¡ p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. tl
kaqZm tX. Xkvssal bmÚ-hÂtIym hcw bmÚ-hevIym! Cu Imcyw A§-s\-bmtWm.
ZZu k l Ima-{]-iv\-tah ht{h Xw l kvssa 16. D]. AkvXa - nX BZntXy bmÚ-hevIy N{µ
ZZu. Xw l k{am-tUh ]qÀÆw ]{]Ñ
aky-k vX -antX imt´ -f áu Inw tPymXn-tc-
hntZ- lm- [n- ]-\mb P\- Isâ ASp-¡Â bmÚ- hÂIy³ hmbw ]pcpj CXn-hmtK hmky tPymXnÀ`-h-
sN¶p. At±-lw-þ-bm-Ú-hÂIy³ cmPm-hn\p Rm³ H¶pw Xo-Xn, hmssN-hmbw tPymXn-jmkvtX ]ey-btX
]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¡p-I-bnà F¶v hnNm-cn-¨n-cp-¶p. F¶m IÀa IpcptX ]n]- t ey- X oXn Xkv a mZv ssh
Ft¸mÄ hntZ-lm-[n-]-\mb P\-I\pw bmÚ-hÂIy\pw k{amU]n b{X kzx ]m­nÀ\ hn\nÀÚm-btX
Aán-tlm-{X-hn-j-b-¯n kwhmZw sNbvX n-cp-¶pthm -f Y b{X hmKp-¨-c-Xyp-ss]h X{X tPymXn-tXy-
At¸mÄ At±-l-¯n- \-vþ-P-\-I-\-vþ-bm-Ú- hÂIy³ hcw-sIm-
hta sshXZv bmÚ-hevIy.
Sp-¯p. At±lwþP- \-I³-þ-C-ãw-t]mse tNmZn- ¡p- hm- \p-Å- A-
\p-hmZw hcn¨p: B hcs¯ At±-l-¯n-\-vþ- P-\-I-\v-þ-sIm-Sp- tl bmÚ-he - I
v y, BZn-Xy³ AkvX-an-¨p-Ig- n-bp-t¼m-
¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. bmÚ-h ÂIy-t\mSv k{am-«p-Xs¶ gpw, N{µ³ AkvX-an-¨p-I-gn-bp-t¼m-gpw, Aán im´-am-bn-
BZyw tNmZn¨p: ¡-gn-bp-t¼mgpw Cu ]pcp-j³ GXn tPymXn-tÊm-Sp-Iq-Sn-
b-hm-\-Ip¶p? bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]d-ªp. hm¡p-Xs¶
13. D]þ bmÚ-h-evIy, Inw tPymXn-cbw ]pcpj
Chsâ tPymXn-Êm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ch³ hm{Kq-]-am-Ip¶
CXn. BZn-Xy-tPymXnx k{am, UnXn tlm hmN:þ
BZntXy ss\hmbw tPymXnjm f- -f kvtX, ]ey- tPymXnÊv hgn-bm-bn-Xs¶ Ccn-¡p-I-bpw, A§ns\ ho­pw
b-tX, IÀ½-Ip-cp-tX, hn]tey XoXn Gh-tassh k©-cn-¡p-I-bpw, IÀ½w A\p-jvTn-¡p-I-bpw, aS-§n-hc- n-
XZv bmÚ-hÂIy. Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. tl k{am-«v, FhnsS A§-bpsS Ic-§Ä
F¯n-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã-tbm, AhnsS B \nan-j-¯n hmWn D¨-
bmÚ-hÂIy, Cu ]pcp-j³ F´p tPymXn-tÊm-Sp-Iq- cn-¡-s¸-Spbpw IS-¶p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. tl bmÚ-
Sn-b-h-\mWv F¶p cmPmhp tNmZn-¨p. k{am-t«, BZn-Xy-\m- hevIy C¡mcyw A§n- s\-X-s¶-bmtWm?
Ip¶p tPymXn-tÊm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\m-Ip¶p F¶p ]d-ªn«v
bmÚ-hÂIy³ XpSÀ¶p. Cu ]pcp-j³ BZn-Xy-\m-Ip¶ 17. D]þ AkvXa - nX BZntXy bmÚ-hevIy N{µ-
tPymXn- Êp- sIm-­p-X-s¶-bm-Wv, Ccn-¡¶-
p- Xpw, t]mIp-¶- Xpw, a- k y- k v X- a ntX imt´ f- áu i´mbmw hmNn
tPmen sN¿p-¶-Xpw. Inw tPymXn- t c- h mbw ]pcpj CXy-ssß-hmky

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 329

I tPymXnÀ`-h-Xo-Xy-ß-ss\-hmbw tPymXn-jmkvtX t¯bpw ho£n-¡p-¶p. Cu ]pcp-j³ ]c-tem-I-Ø m-\-¯n- K

]ey-btX IÀa IpcptX hn]-tey-Xo-Xn. \p-th­n F{]-Imcw km[-\-I-fm k¼-¶-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-
thm, Ahsb B{i-bn¨v Ch³ ]m]-t¯bpw (Zpx Jw) B\-
tl bmÚh- eI v y, BZn-Xy³ AkvX- an- ¨-Xn-\p-ti-j-hpw,
µ-t¯-bpw-þ-c-­n-t\bpw ImWp-¶p. Ch³ Dd-§p¶ kabw
N{µ³ AkvX-an- ¨-Xn\p tijhpw Aán im´-am-Xn\p tij-
Cu kÀÆ-kz-amb temI-¯nsâ am{Xsb FSp-¯v, kzb-
hpw, hm¡v im´- am-b-Xn-\p-ti-jhpw Cu ]pcp-j³ GXnÂ
am-bn-¯s¶ Cu Øqe-i-co-cs¯ \ntÝ-ã-am-¡n, AXp-
tPymXn-tÊm-Sp-IqSn hkn-¡p¶p? bmÚ-h-eI v y³ ]dªp
t]mse kzb-ambn Xsâ hmk-\m-a-ba - mb tZls¯ cNn-
Bßm-hp-X-s¶- bmWv Chsâ tPymXn-Êm- bn-¯o-cp- ¶-Xv. Cu
¨v, Xsâ {]Im-i-t¯m-Sp-IqSn BbXv Xsâ tPymXn-kz-cq-]-
Bßm-hm-Ip¶ tPymXnÊv hgn-bmbn Xs¶ Ah³ Ccn-¡p-
t¯m-Sp-IqSn ibn-¡p¶p; Cu Ah-Ø -bn Cu ]pcp-j³
I-bpw, A§n§p k©-cn-¡p-I-bpw, IÀ½w sN¿p-Ibpw
kzbw tPymXn-kz-cq-]-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
]n¶oSv aS-§n-h-cn- Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
21. D]x \ X{X cYm \ cY-tbmKm \ ]Ùmt\m
18. D]þ IXa BtßXn tbm -f Yw hnÚm-\a bx
`h-\yY cYm³ cY-tbm-Km³ ]Yx krPtX \
{]mtWjp lrZy- ´ ÀtPymXnx ]pcpjx k
X{Xm- \ µm apZx {]aptZm `h- ´ y-Y m-\ -µ m-· pZx
kam\x k¶p`u temIm-h\p k©-cXn [ymb-
{]apZx kpP- tX, \ X{X thim´mx ]pjvI -
Xoh teem-b -X oh k ln kz]vt\m `qtXzaw
cnWyx {kht´ym `h-´yY thim-´m³ ]pjvI-
temIaXn{Im-aXn artXym cq]m-Wn.
cnWox {kh´ox krPtX k ln IÀXm
Bßmhv F´m-Ip¶p? bmÚ-h -evIy³ ]d-ª p.
B Ah-Ø-bn cY-an-Ã, cY-¯n ]q«p-¶h (A-iz-
bmsXm¶v {]mW-§-en _p²n- hr-²n- IÄ¡p-Ån hkn-¡p-
§Ä)-bn-Ã, amÀ¤-an-Ã. F¶m Ah³ cY-hpw, cY-¯nÂ
¶Xpw hnÚm-\-a-b-hpw, tPymXn-kz-cq-]-\p-amb ]pcp-j-\m-
]q«p-¶-h-bpw, hgn-Ifpw krãn-¡p-¶p. B Ah-Ø-bnÂ
bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, AXpw kam-\-ambn (_p-²n-hr-¯n- IÄ¡p
B\-µw, tamZw, {]tamZw Ch-sbm¶pw C­m-Ip-¶n-Ã.
kZr-iw) Cl-tem-I-¯n-epw, ]c-tem-I-¯nepw c­nepw
F¶m Ah³ B\-µw, tamZw, {]tamZw Chsb krãn-
k©-cn-¡p-¶p. AXv (_p-²n-hr-¯n-IÄ¡-\p-k-cn-¨v) Nn´n-
¡p-¶p. AhnsS sNdnb sNdnb If-§fpw, kc-Êp-I-fpw,
¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-se-bpw, {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-sebpw BIp-
\Zn-Ifpw D­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶nÃ; Ah³ Ipf-§-fpw, kc-Êp-
¶p. AXp-Xs¶ kz]v\-ambn Cu temI-t¯-bpw, arXyp-cq-
I-fpw, \Zn-Ifpw krãn-¡p-¶pþ Ah³Xs¶ Ah-bpsS
]-§-tfbpw AXn-{I-aWw sN¿p-¶p.
IÀXm-hm- Ip-¶p.
19. D]þ k hm Abw ]pcptjm Pmb-km\x icoc
22. D]x XtZtX tÇmIm `h-´n, kz]vt\\ imcoc
a`n kw]-Zy-am\x ]m]va`nx k Hm krPytX k
a`n- {]- l Xym kp]v X x kp]v X m- \ - ` n- N m-I -i o-X n,
DXv{Im-a³ {hnb-amWx ]m]vat\m hnPlmXn.
ip{I amZmb ]p\-sscXn Øm\-Hmw-ln-cW - y-abx
AXv Cu ]pcpj P·w kzoI-cn- ¡p¶ kabw ico-cs¯ ]pcp j GI-l-Hmwkx.
Bß-`m-ht- ¯m-Sp-IqSn kznI-cn-¨p-sIm­v ]m]§-fp-ambn
Cu hnjbw kw_-Ôn-¨p-Å-XmWv Cu tÇmI-§Ä-þ-B-
IqSn-t¨-cp-I-bpw, acn-¡p¶ ka-b¯
- vþ- -D-Xv{I-aW ka-b¯
- v-
ßmhv kz]v\w hgn-bmbn ico-cs¯ \ntÝ-ã-am-¡n-bn«v
þ-]m-]§
- sf Dt]-£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
kzbw Dd-§msX \n{Z-bn-em­ FÃm hkvXp-¡-tfbpw {]Im-
20. D]: Xky hm GXky ]pcp-j ky th Gh in-¸n-¡p-¶p. Ah³ ip²-amb C{µnb am{Xm-cq-]s¯
Ømt\ `hX CZw N ]c- tem- I - Ø m\w N kzoIcn¨v ho­pw PmK-cnX Øm\¯p h¶p-tN-cp-\v#p.
km[yw XrXobw kz]v \ - Ø m\w Xkv a n lncWy (tPym-Xn-kz-cq-]³0 ]pcp-j³ GI-\m-bn-¯s¶
kwt[y Ømt\ XnjvT- t¶tX Dt` Ømt\ k©-cn-¡p-¶p.
]iy-XoZw N ]c-tem-I-Øm\w N, AY bYm-
23. D]x {]mtW\ c£-W -hcw Ipembw _lnjv
{Itam -f b]c temI-Ø mt\ `hXn Xam-{Ia
Irem-bm-Z-ar-XÝ
- -cn-Xzm, k Cub-tX-S-hrtXm b{X
am{Itaym `bm ]m]v a \ B\µm HmwÝ
Ima-Hmw-ln-c-Wy-abx ]pcpj GI-l-Hmwkx.
]iyXn k b{X {]kz]n- X yky temIky
kÀÆm-h tXm am{Xm-a]mZmb kzbw hnlXy Cu \nIr-ã-amb imco-cn-I-{]m-W- \nÂ\n¶pw c£- s]-«p-
kzbw \nÀamb tkz\`mkm tkz\ tPymXnjm sIm­v Ah³ Aar-X-[À½m- hmb ico-c-t¯mSp IqSn shfn-
{]kz-]nXy {Xmbw ]pcpjx kzbw tPymXnÀ`-h- Xn. bn k©cn-¡p-¶p. B GI-\mbn k©-cn-¡p¶ lnc-×-
b-\mb Aar-X-]p-cp-j³ FhnsS hmk-\-bp-­m-Ip-¶p-thm,
AXv Cu ]pcp-jsâ Cl-tem-I-Øm\w ]c-tem-I-
At§m«p IS¶p t]mIp-¶p.
Øm\w F¶ c­v Øm\-§-fm-Ip- ¶p. Chsâ aq¶m-as¯
Øm\w kz]v\-Øm-\-amb kÔym-Øm-\-am-Ip-¶ p. B 24. D]x kz]v\ m´ D¨m-h -N -ao-b -amt\m cq]mWn
kÔym- Øm-\¯p ØnXn-sN-bvXp-sIm­v Ch³ Cu temI- tZhx IpcptX _lq-\n, DtXh kv{Xo`nx kl
cq-]-am-Ip¶ Øm\-t¯bpw ]c-tem-I-cq-]-amb Øm\- tamZ-amt\m P£-Zp-tX-hm]n `bm\n ]iy³
N P
 330
I B tZh³ kz]v\- Øm-\-¯n D¨-\o- N- `m-h- §se {]m]n-
¨p-sIm­v hn`n¶ cq]-§Ä kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p. CXp-t]m-se-
Xs¶ kv{XoI-tfm- Sp-IqSn B\-µ-a-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p. (an-{X-§-tfm-
Sq-Iq-Sn) Nncn-¨p-If
- n-¡p-¶p. (hym-{Lm-Zn-I-sf) `b¶p Pohn-
¡p-¶p.
25. D]x Bcm-a-aky ]iy´n \ Xw ]iyXn IÝ kz]v\-Øm-\-t¯-¡p-Xs¶ aS§n t]mIp-¶p.
t\Xn, Xw \mbXw t_m[-tb-Zn-X ymlpx, ±À`n
jPy Hmw lmkvs sa `hXn btaj \ {]Xn-
]ZytX, AtYm Jezm-lqÀPm-K-c n-X-tZi Ghm
sskyj CXn bm\n tlyh Pm{KXv ]iyXnXm\n
kp]vX CXy-{Xmbw ]pcpjx kzbw tPymXnÀ
`hXn tkm f- lw `K-htX kl{kw ZZm-ayX
DuÀ[z hntam-£mb {_qlo-Xn.
FÃm a\p-jycpw Ahsâ kpJs¯ ({Io-Um-km-a-{Kn-
I-sf) am{Xw ImWp-¶p, Ahs\ Bcpw ImWp-¶n-Ã. B Dd-
§n-¡-gn-bp¶ Bßm-hns\ s]s«¶v DWÀ¯-cpXv F¶v
(ssh-Zy-·mÀ) ]d-bp-¶p. bmsXm-cn-{µn-b-{]- tZ-i¯v Ch³ Dd-
§n-¡-gn-bp-¶-h-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, AXn C{µn-b-§se
{]m]n-¡m-¯-Xn-\m Ahsâ icocw ZpÝn-In-Õym-am-bn-¯o-
cp-¶p. AXp ImcWw ]ecpw C{]-Imcw Bhiyw ]d-bm-dp-
­v. CXv (kz-]v\-Øm-\w) Chsâ PmK-cnX tZiw Xs¶-
bmWv; F´p-sIm-s­-¶m Ah³ DWÀ¶p Ign-bp-¼Ä
bmsXmcp hkvXp-X-Isf ZÀin-¡p-¶p-thm, Ah-I-sf-¯s¶
\n{Zm-h- Ø-bnepw Ah³ ZÀin-¡p-¶p. (F- ¶m AXp icn-
b-Ã) P\-I³ ]d-ªp: P\-I-\mb Rm³ {ioam\v Bbncw
ap{Z \ÂIp-¶p,-þ-C\n F\n¡v tam£s¯ D]-tZ-in-¨p-X-¶m-
epw.
26. D]þ k hm Gj GX-kvan³ kw{]-kmtZ cXzm
NcnXzm Zrssãzh ]pWyw N ]m]w N ]p\x
{]Xn-\ymbw {]Xn-tbm-\ym-{Z-hXn kz]v\m ssbh
k b¯{X In©nXv ]iy-Xy-\-Xzm-KX kvtX\
`h-Xy-kMvtKm lybw ]pcpj CtXyh tassh-
X Zv bmÚ - h e vIy tk m - f l w ` K- h tX
kl{kw ZZ- a yX DuÀ[z hntam- £ m- s sbh
{_qlo-Xn.
Cu Bßmhv Cu kz]v\-Øm-\¯ - n can-¡p-Ibpw,
hnl- cn- ¡p- Ibpw sNbvXv, ]pWy- ]m- ]-§sf I­p F{]-Imcw
h¶n-cp-¶p-thm, Fhn-sS-\n¶pw h¶n-cp-¶p-thm, B PmK-cn-
X- Øm-\-t¯-bv¡p-Xs¶ Xncn-¨p-t]m-Ip-¶p; AXv AhnsS
bmsXm-¶p] ZÀin-¡p-¶p-thm, AXn \n¶pw AI¶p Ign-
bp¶p; F´p-sIm-s­-¶m Cu ]pcp-j³ \nkw-K-\m-Ip-
¶p. P\-I³ ]d-ªp. tl bmÚ-h-eI v y, C¡m-cyw A§n-
s\-bmtWm? Rm³ {ioam\v Bbncw kzÀ®w ImgvN- h-bv¡p-
¶p. CXn\p tij-apÅ tam£s¯ kw_-Ôn-¨pÅ Imcy-
§Ä A§p-]-tZ-in-¨m-epw.
27. D]þ k hm Gj GX-kvan³ kz]vt\ cXzm
NcnXzm Zrssãzh ]pWyw N ]m]w N ]p\x
N P
K
{]Xn- \ ymbw {]Xn- t bm- \ ym- { Z- h Xn _p²m´m
ssbh.
B ]pcp-j³ Cu Pm{K-Zm-h-Ø-bn can-¡p-Ibpw hnl-
cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXv, ]pWy-]m-]§ - sf I­v, F{]-Imcw
h¶n-cp-¶p-thm, AtX amÀ¤-¯n¡qSn bYm-Øm-\a - mb
28. D]þ XZv bYm alm-aÕy Dt`-Iqte A\pkw
NcXn ]qÀh Nm]cw ssNh-ta-hmbw ]pcpj
GXmhp `mh-´m-h-\p-kw-Nc
- Xn kz]v \m´w N
_p²m´w N.
F{]-Imcw GsX-¦nepw hen-b-Xpw, `mcn-¨X
- p-amb aÕy-
§Ä \Zn-bpsS Ing¡pw ]nS-ªmdpw Xnc-§-fn¡qSn {Ia-
ambn k©-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, A{]-ImcwXs¶ Cu ]pcp-j³
kv]v\Øm-\-¯pw, PmKcn-X-Øm-\¯pw c­p Øm\-§-
fnepw {Ia-ambn k©-cn-¡p-¶p.
29. D]þ XZv bYm- k v a n- W m- I mti tiyt\m hm
kq]ÀtWm hm hn]-cn-]Xy {im´x k Hmwl
Xy ]£u kwe-bm-ssbh {[nbX Gh-tahmbw
] pc pj G X - k vam- A - ¯ mb [ mhX n b{X
kp]vtXm \ I©\ Imaw Ima-btX \ I©\
kz]v\w ]iy-Xn.
F§ns\ BIm-i-¯n ]cp´v FÃm `mK¯pw AXn-
th-K-¯n ]d¶p k©-cn-¨n«v £oWn¨ Nnd-Ip-IÄ hncn¨v
AXnsâ Iq«n-te¡v t]mIp-¶p-thm, AXp-t]mse Cu ]pcp-
j³ bmsXm-cn-S¯v Dd- §p-t¼mÄ bmsXmcp t`mKs¯ CÑn-
¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw bmsXmcp kz]v\w ImWm-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw
sN¿p-¶pthm B Øm\-t¯¡p ]mªp-t]m-Ip-¶p.
30. D]þ Xm hm AsskyXm lnXm \ma \mt[ym
bYm tIix kl-{k[m `n¶-kvXm-h-Xm-Wnav\m
Xn jvTXn ip¢ky \oeky ]nMv K-e ky lcn-
Xky temln- X ky ]qÀWm AY bss{X\w
[v \ ´oh Pn\´oh lkv X nh hnOm- b - b Xn
KÀX-anh ]XXn tZh Pm{K-Zv`bw ]iyXn XZ-
{Xm-hn-Zybm hbytX f- Y b{X tZh Ch-cm-tP-
hm- l -t a- th- ZHmw kÀtÆm - f kv a oXn a\ytX
tkm -f ky ]ctam temIx
Ahsâ lnXm \ma-t¯m-Sp- Iq- Snb Cu \mUn-IÄ tIiw
Bbncw `mK-§-fmbn hn`-Pn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse AXn
kq£va-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah³ ip¢w, \oew ]oXw, lcnXw,
Nph¸v F¶o hÀ®-§-fm ]qÀ®-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXv Cu
]pcp-js\ sImÃp-I-tbm, hi-¯m-¡p-I-tbm, Ipgn-bn hogn-
¡p-I-tbm, B\-`-b-s¸-Sp-¯p¶ hn[-¯n Pm{K-Zm-h-Ø -bn-
ep-­ m-Im-hp¶ `bw A\p-`-ha- m-¡p-Itbm sN¿p-¶pthm
Ahsb Cu kz]v\m-h-Ø-bn hnZym-iq-\y-X-bmbn Icp-
Xp-¶p. FhnsS Ch³ tZhX¡p Xpeyw, cmPm-hn\p Xpeyw
BIp-¶p-thm, FÃmw Rm³ Xs¶ F¶p Icp-Xp-Ibpw
sN¿p-¶pthm AhnSw Ah\p ]c-a-[m-a-am-Ip-¶p.
 331

I 31. D]þ XZv hm AsskyXZXn Oµm A]-l-X]m
¸mZ-bHmw cq]w, XZv bYm-{]n-bbm kv{Xnbm kw]-
cn-jztàm \ _mlyw In©\ thZ \µcta-h-
ta-hmbw ]pcpjx {]mtÚ-\ m-ß \m kw]jz
tàm \ _mlyw In©\ thZ \m´cw XZvhm
Assky-X -Zm-] vX -I m-a-a m-ß -I m-a- a-I ma Hmwcq]
Hmwtim-Im- ´cw
Ah³ bmsXm¶p aW-¡p-¶n-Ã-tbm, AXv aW-¯p-sIm- K
­n-cn-¡p-t¼mÄXs¶ aW-¡- s¸-Sm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶p. aW-¡p- h-¶-
hsâ KÔ-{K-l-Wi - àn Ati-jhpw tem]n-¡p-¶p-an-Ã.
F´p-sIm-s­-¶m Ah³ Ahn-\m-in-bm-Ip-¶p. B Ah-
Ø-bn aW-¡p-¶-Xn-\mbn Ah-\nÂ\n¶p `n¶-ambn aäp
bmsXmcp hkvXp-¡fpw CÃ-X-s¶. Ah-s\-¯s¶ {LmWn-
¡q.

Ah³ CXnsâ Ima-c-ln-X-hpw, ]m]-c-ln-X-hpw, A`-b- 35. D]þ bZv ssh X¶ ck-btX ck-b³sshX¶
cq- ]-hp-am-Ip-¶p. hymh-lm-cn-I-ambn Xsâ {]nb-s¸« `mcysb ck- b tX \ ln ck- b nXq ck- b -t XÀhn]cn-
Benw-K\w sN¿p¶ ]pcp-j\v _mly-ambpw B´-cn-I- temt]m hnZytX -f hn\m-in-X zmW Xp XZvZznb-
ambpw bmsXmcp t_m[hpw CÃm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-se, Cu akvXn XtXm f- \yZv hn`àw bZv ck-tbXv
]pcp-j³ {]Úm-ßm-hp-ambn Benw- K-\-_-²-am-Ip-t¼mÄ Ah³ bmsXm¶p cpNn-¡p-¶n-Ã-tbm, AXv cpNn-¨p-sIm-
_mly-hn-j-b¯ - nepw bmsXm-c-dnhpw D­m-Ip-¶n-Ã. CXv ­n-cn-¡p-t¼mgpw cpNn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. ckm-kzm-Z-Isâ ck-
AXnsâ B]vX-Im-aw, Bß-Im-aw, BIm-aw, timI-iq\yw {K-l-W-iàn Hcn-¡epw tem]n-¨p-t]m-Ip-¶n-Ã, F´p-sIm-
Ch-bpsS cq]-am-Ip-¶p. s­-¶m Ah³ Ahn-\m-in-bm-Ip-¶p. B Ah-Ø-bnÂ
32. D]þ A{X ]nXm-]nXm `hXn amXm-amXm temIm ckw {Kln-¡ p-¶-Xn\v Ah-\nÂ\n¶pw `n¶-ambn aäp
bmsXmcp ]ZmÀYhpw CÃ Xs¶.
AtemIm tZhm AtZhm thZm AthZmx A{X
kvtXt\m f- kvtXt\m `hXn {`qW-lm{`q-Wlm 36. D]þ bZv ssh X¶ hZXn hZ³ ssh X¶ hZXn
NÞmtem -f NÞmex ]uevItkm -f ]uevI \ ln hàpÀh-tàmÀhn-]-cn-temt]mhnZytX -f
kx {iatWm f- {ia-tWm-kvX]
- tkm -f Xm]tkm hn\m-i n-X zm¶ Xp XZv ZznXo-b -akvX n XtXm -f
-f \ \zmKXw ]pW-A-tb-\m-\-\zm-KXw ]mt]\ \yZv hn`àw bZv htZ-Xv.
XoÀtWm ln XZm kÀÆm- R vtOm- I m³ lrZ- Ah³ bmsXm¶p kwkm-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã-tbm, AXv kwkm-
bky `h-Xn. cn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-t¼mÄXs¶ kwkm-cn-¡-s¸-Sm-Xn-cn-¡p¶p
Cu kpjp-]Xv m-h-Ø -bn ]nXmhv A]n-Xm-hm-bn-¯o-cp- hàm-hnsâ hN-\i - àn Hcn-¡epw tem]n-¡p-¶nà F´p-
¶p, amXmhv Aam-Xm-hm-bn-¯o-cp¶p; temIw Atem-Ia - m-bn- sIm-s­-¶m Ah³ Ahn-\m-in-bm-Ip-¶p. B Ah-Ø-
¯o-cp-¶p, tZh³ AtZ-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p, thZw Ath-Z-am- bn GXn-s\-¡p-dn-s¨-¦nepw kwkm-cn-¡-W-sa-¦n AXn\v
bn-¯o-cp-¶p, ChnsS tNmc³ AtNm-c-\m-Ip-¶p, {`qW-lXy Ah-\nÂ\n¶pw `n¶-ambn aäp bmsXm¶pw Xs¶ CÃ.
\S- ¯p-¶-h³ A{`q-W-hm- \m- Ip-¶p, AXp-t]mse NÞm-e³ 37. D]þ bZv ssh X¶ irtWmXn irWz³ ssh
AN-Þm-e-\ pw, ]uÂIkv A]u¡-kpw, {ia-W³ X¶ irtWmXn \ ln t{imXpx irtXÀhn-]co
A{i-a-W-\pw, Xm]-k³ AXm-]-k-\p-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. B temt]m hnZytX -f hn\m-in-Xzm¶ Xp XZvZznXo-
ka-b¯v Cu ]pcpj³ ]pWy- t¯mSv Akw-_- ²-\pw, AXp- b-akvXn XtXm f- \yZ hn`àw bOrWpbmXv
t]mse ]m]-t¯mSv Akw-_-²-\p-am-Ip-¶p. lrZ-b¯ - nse
Ah³ bmsXm¶p {ihn-¡m-Xn- cn-¡p-¶p-thm, AXv {ihn-
FÃm timI-§-tfbpw AXn-Po-hn-¡p-¶p.
¡p-t¼mÄXs¶ {ihn-¡-s¸-Sm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶p. t{imXm-hsâ
33. D]þ bZv ssh X¶ ]iyXn ]iy³ ssh X¶ {ih-Wi - IvXn Hcn-¡epw tem]n-¡p-¶nÃ; F´p-sIm-s­-
]iyXn \ ln {ZãpÀZp- t ãÀhn- ] - c n- t emt]m ¶m Ah³ Ahn-\ m-i n-b m-Ip-¶ p. B Ah-Ø-b nÂ
hnZytX -f hn\m-in-Xzm-Xv. \ Xp X±zn-Xn-bakvXn bmsXm¶p {ihn-¡-Wtam AXv Ah-\nÂ\n¶p `n¶-ambn
XtXm f- \yZv hn`àw bXv ]tiyXv. ImW-s¸-S p-¶n-Ã.
Ah³ bmsXm¶p ImWm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXv I­p- 38. D]x bZv ssh X¶ a\ptX a\zmt\m sshX¶
sIm-­n-cn-¡p-t¼mgpw ImW-s¸-Sp-¶nÃ; {Zãm- hnsâ Zrãn Hcn- a\ptX \ ln a´pÀh- t XÀhn- ] - c n- t emt]m
¡epw tem]n-¡p-¶n-Ã, F´p-sIm-s­-¶m Ah³ Ahn- hnZytX -f hn\m-in-X zm¶ Xp XZvZznXo-b-akvXn
\m-in-bm-Ip-¶p. B kabw Ah-\nÂ\n¶pw `n¶-ambn aäp Xt\m -f \yZ hn`àw b·-\zo-X.
bmsXmcp hkvXp-¡fpw CÃ. Ah-s\-Xs¶ t\m¡q. Ah³ bmsXm¶p a\\w sN¿m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXv
34. D]þ bZv ssh X¶ Pn{LXn Pn{L³ sshX¶ a\\w sNbvXp-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ Xs¶ a\\w sN¿-¸-Sm-
Pn{LXn \ ln {LmXpÀ{Lm-tXÀhn-]-cntem t]m Xn-cn-¡p-¶p. a\\w sN¿p-¶-hsâ a\-\-iàn Hcn-¡epw
hnZytX -f hn\m-in-Xzm¶ Xp XZ-Zzo-X o-b akvXn tem]n-¡p-¶nÃ; F´p-sIm-s­-¶m Ah³ Ahn-\m-in-bm-
XtXm f- \yZv hn`àw bÖn-t{LXv Ip-¶p. B Ah-Ø-bn a\\w sN¿-W-sa-¦n Ah-

N P
 332
I \nÂ\n¶pw `n¶ambn aäp bmsXmcp hkvXp-¡fpw CÃ-X-
s¶.
39. D]x bZv ssh X¶ kv]riXn kv]ri³ ssh
X¶ kv]riXn \ ln kv{]ãpx kv]rtãÀ hn]-
cn-temt]m hnZytX -f hn\m-in-Xzm-¶ Xp. XZvZznXo-
b-akvXn XtXm -f \yZ hn`àw bXvkv]rti-Xv.
Ah³ bmsXm¶p kv]Àin-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXv
kv]Àin-¨p-sIm-­ncn-¡p-t¼mÄXs¶ kv]Àin¡-s¸-Sm-Xn-cn-
¡p-¶p. kv]Àin-¡p-¶-hsâ kv]Ài-\i - àn Hcn-¡epw
tem]n-¡p-¶n- Ã. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m Ah³ Ahn-\m-in-bm-
Ip-¶p. B Ah- Ø-bn Ah-\nÂ\n¶p `n¶- ambn kv]Àin-
¡-s¸-Sm³ aäp bmsXmcp ]ZmÀ°-§fpw CÃ-X-s¶.
40. D]x bZv ssh X¶ hnPm-\mXn hnPm-\³ ss]
X¶ hnPm-\mXn \ ln hnÚm-XpÀhn-Úm-tXÀ
hn]-cn-temt]m hnZytX -f hn\m-in-Xzm¶ XpX±zn-
Xo-b-akvXn Xt¶m -f \yZv hn`àw bZv hnPm-\o-
bm-Xv.
Ah³ bmsXm-¶-dn- bm-Xn- cn-¡p- ¶p-thm, Adn- ªpsIm- ­n-
cn- ¡p-t¼mÄXs¶ AXv Adn-b-s¸-Sm-Xn-cn- ¡p-¶p. hnÚm- Xm-
hnsâ hnÚm-\i - àn Hcn-¡epw tem]n-¡p-¶n-Ã. F´p-
sIms­-¶m Ah³ Ahn-\m-in-bm-Ip-¶p. B Ah-Ø-
bn {]tXy-I-ambn Adn-bm³ Ah-\nÂ\n¶pw `n¶-ambn
aäp bmsXmcp ]ZmÀ°hpw CÃ-X-s¶.
41. D]x b{X hm A\y-Znh kymXvX{´mt\ym f- Xv
]tiy-Zt\ym -f \yÖn-t{L-Zt\ym f- \yZv cktb
Zt\ym f- \yZv ]tZ-Zt\ym -f \yOr-Wp-bm-Zt\ym
-f \y·-\ zo-X mt\ym - f \yXv kv] rti-Zt\ym -f
\yZv hoPm-\o-bm-Xv.
bmsXm-cn-S¯v (Pm-{K-Zm-h-Ø-bn-tem, kz]v\m-hØ
- -bn-
tem) Bßm-hnÂ\n¶pw `n¶-ambn asäm-¶p-­m-bn-cn-¡p-
¶pthm AhnsS A\y-¯n\v A\ys¯ ZÀin-¡p-hm³ Ign-
bp-¶p, A\y-¯n\v A\ys¯ aW-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p,
A\y-¯n\v A\ys¯ cpNn-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp- ¶p, A\y-¯n\v
A\ys¯ kwkmcn¡p-h m³ Ign-bp-¶ p, A\y-¯ n\v
A\ys¯ {ihn-¡p-hm³ Ign- bp-¶p, A\y-¯n\v A\ys¯
a\\w sN¿p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶ p, A\y-¯ n\v A\ys¯
kv]Àin-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶p, A\y-¯n\v A\ys¯ Adn-
bp-hm³ Ihn-bp-¶p.
42. D]x kene GtIm {Zãm-s sZztXm _tXyj
{_Ò-temIx k{am-UnXn ssl\-a-\p-i-imk bm
ÚhÂIy Gjmky ]cam KXn- t c- j mky
]cam kav]-tZtjm -f ky ]ctam temI Gtjm
-f ky ]ca B\µ GXsskyhm\-µ-kym-\ym\n
`qXm\n am{Xm-ap-]-Po-h´n
Pe-¯n F¶-Xp-t]m-se-Xs¶ kpjp-]vXn-bn GI-
amb AssZzXw {Zãm-hm-Ip-¶p. tl km{am«v! CXp Xs¶-
N P
bm-Ip¶p {_Ò- tem-Iw. C{]-Imcw bmÚ-h- eI v y³ P\-I\v K
D]-tZiw \ÂIn. Ch³ CXnsâ (]p-cp-j³) ]c-a-K-Xn-bm-
Ip-¶p, Ch³ CXnsâ ]c-a-k-¼-¯m-Ip-¶p. CXv Chsâ
]c- tem-I-am-Ip-¶p. CXv Chsâ ]c-am-\-µ-am- Ip-¶p. Cu B\-
µ-¯nsâ am{Xsb B{i-bn-¨p-Xs¶ aäp Pohn-IÄ Poh-k-
Ôm-cWw sN¿p-¶p.
43. D]þ k tbm a\p-jym-Wm-Hmw-cm²x kart²m `h
Xymt\y-jm-a-[n-]Xnx kÀsshÀam-\p-jy-ssIÀt`
ssKx kav ] - ¶ - X ax k a\p- j ymWmw ]ca
B\tµm -f Y tb iXw a\p-j ym-W m-am-\ µmx
k GIx ]nXrWmw PnX-t em-I m-\m-am-\ tµm f-
Y tbiXw ]nXrWmw PnX-tem-Im-\m-am-\µmx k
GtIm KÔÀÆ-temI B\tµm -f Y tb iXw
KÔÀh-temI B\µm k GIx IÀ½-tZ-hm\m
am\tµm tb IÀ½Wm tZh-Xz-a-`n-{]-av]Zyt´ f-
Y tb iXw IÀ½-tZ-h m- \ m-a m-\ µmx k GI
BPm-\ -tZ-h m-\ m-am-\ tµm bÝ t{im{Xntbm f-
hrPnt\m f- Ima-ltXm -f Y tb iX-am-Pm-\-tZ-
hm- \ mam \µ mx k GIx {]Pm- ] - X n- t emI
B\tµm bÝ t{im{Xntbm -f hrPnt\m Ima-
ltXm -f Y ssbiXw {]Pm-]-Xn-temI B\µmx
k G tIm {_ Ò - t e mI B \ tµ m bÝ
t{im{Xntbm f- hrPnt\m f- Ima-ltXm -f ssYj
Gh ]ca B\µ Gj {_Ò-temIx k{am-UnXn
tlmhmN bm ÚhevIyx tkm -f lw `K-htX
kl{kw ZZm- ayX DuÀ[z hntam- £ m- s sbh
{_qlo-Xy{X l bmÚ-h evtIym _n`m-bm-©-
Imc ta[mho cmPm kÀtht`ym amt´`y DZ-
cu-Õo-ZnXn
bmsXm¶v a\p-jy-cn FÃm Ah-b-h-§-tfmSpw IqSn
]qÀ®-k-ar-²-hpw, aäp-Å-h-bpsS A[n-]-Xn-bpw, a\p-jy-kw-
_-Ôn-bmb k¼qÀ®-t`mK kma-{Kn-IÄ hgn-bmbn Gähpw
A[nIw k¼-¶-ambpw Ccn-¡p-¶p-thm, AXv a\p-jy-cpsS
]c-a-amb B\-µa - m-Ip-¶p. Ct¸mÄ a\p-jy-cpsS \qdv B\-
µ-am-bn-cn-¡p- ¶Xv ]nXr-tem-Is¯ Iog-S-¡n-bn-cn-¡p¶ ]nXr-
K-W-¯nsâ Hcp B\-µ-am-Ip-¶p. ]nXr-tem-Is¯ Iog-S-¡n-
bn-cn-¡p¶ ]nXr-¡-fpsS \qdm-\µw IqSp-¶Xv KÔÀh-tem-
I-¯nsâ Hcm-\-µa - m-Ip-¶p. AXp-t]mse KÔÀh-tem-I-
¯nsâ \qdm-\µ - -am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv, IÀ½- tZ-h-·m-cp-sS-þ-IÀ½-
§Ähgn tZhXzw {]m]n-¨-hÀ-þ- H-cm-\-µ-am-Ip-¶p. IÀ½- tZ-h-
·m-cpsS \qdm\µw IqSp¶Xv BPm-\-tZ-h-·m-cpsS Hcm-\-µ-
am-Ip-¶p. bmsXm¶v B Pm\-tZ-h-·m-cpsS \qdm-\-µ-am-bn-cn-
¡p-¶pthm AXv {]Pm-]Xn temI-¯nse Hcm-\-µ-am-bn-cn-¡p-
¶p. {]Pm-]Xn temI-¯nse \qdm-\µw IqSp-¶Xv {_Ò-tem-
I- ¯nse Hcm- \-µ-am-Ip-¶p. bmsXm¶v \njv]m- ]-hpw, \njvIm-
ahpw t{im{Xn-b-hp-am-bn-cn-¡ p-¶pthm Ahbv¡ pw B
B\µw kn²-am-Ip-¶p. AXp-t]mse CXpXs¶ ]c-am-\-µ-
hp-am-Ip-¶p. tl km{am«v! CXm-Ip¶p {_Ò-tem-Iw. F¶n-
§s\ bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]d-ªp. P\-I³ ]dªp: Rm³

I {ioam-\mb At§bv¡v Bbncw tKm¡sf \ÂIp-¶p, C\n
apt¼m«v tam£-¯n-\p-th­n A§p-]-tZ-in-¨m-epw. CXp-tI«v th-¯m-hnsâ FÃm `qX-§fpw Cu {_Òw hcp-¶p, Cu
bmÚ- h-evIy³, _p²n-am-\mb cmPmhp Xs¶ FÃm {]iv\- {_Òw hcp¶p F¶p ]dªv {]Xo-£n-¡p-¶p.
§-tfbpw \nÀ®-b-]-cy-´w, D¯cw \ÂIp-¶-Xn\v _Ôn-
¨n-cn-¡p¶p F¶v `b-s¸-«p.
44. D]-þk hm Gj GX-kvan³ kz]v\t´ cXzm
N cnXzm Zrssãz h ]pWyw N ]m]w N ]p\x
{] Xn\ymbw {]Xn- tbm- \ ym- {Z- h Xn _p²m-´ -
ssbh
Cu ]pcp-j³ Cu kz]v\m-´-¯n can-¡p-Ibpw hnl-
cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXv ]pWy- t¯bpw ]m]- t¯bpw I­p-sIm-
­ p- X s¶ ho­pw t]mb amÀ¤- ¯ n¡ q- S - n - X s¶
bYmkvYm\-amb Pm{K-Zm-h-Ø -bn-te-¡p-Xs¶ aS-§n-h-¶p.
45. D] XZv bYm\x kpk-am-ln-X-ap-ÕÀPZv bmbm
tZh-ta-hmbw imcoc Bßm {]tÚ-\m-ß \m
\zmcqV DÕÀP³ bmXn b ss{XX-ZqÀt[zmO
hmko `h-Xn.
temI-¯n F{]-Imcw hf-sc-b-[nIw `mchpw hln-¨p-
sIm­v N¡- Sm- h­n i_vZw ]pd- s¸-Sp-hn¨p sIm­p t]mIp-
¶p-thm, AXp-t]m-s e-X s¶ tZl-t¯m-S p-I q-S nb Cu
Bßmhv Adn-hpÅ Bßm-thm-Sp-IqSn B[n-jvTn-X-ambn
DuÀ²z-izmkw hen-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse i_vZn-¨p-sIm-­p-t]m-
Ip-¶p.
46. D]þ k b{Xm-b-a-Wn-am\w t\yXn Pcbm thm
]X- ] Xm hmWn- a m\w \nK-Ñ Xn XZv bYm{aw
thmZp- a v _ c w hm ] n¸ e w hm _ Ô- \ mX v
{]]pNyX Gh- t a- h mbw ]pcpj Gt`ym - f
MvtK`yx kav{]-apNy ]p\x {]Xn-\ ymbw {]Xn-
tbm-\ym{ZhXn {]mWm-ssbh
Cu icocw GXp ka-b¯v Iri-Xzs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p-
thm, hr²m-h-Ø-bmtem AsÃ-¦n Pzcm-Zn-tcm-§Â Imc-
Wtam Iri-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶pthm B kabw am§m, A¯n-
¸-gw, apX-em-bh _Ôw hn«p-t]m-Ip-¶-Xp-t]mse Cu ]pcp-
j³ Cu Ah-b -h-§se Dt]-£ n¨v GsXmcp amÀ¤-
¯n¡qSn h¶n-cp-¶p-thm, AXn¡q-S-Xs¶ {]tXy-I-
amb tbm\n-I-fn {]mWsâ {]tXy-Ia - mb A`n-hy-àn-Xz-
¯n- \p-th­n {]bmWw sN¿p-¶p.
47. D]þ XZv bYm cmPm-\-am-bm-´-ap{Km {]tXy-\kx
kqX-{Km-atWym - f ss¶x ]mss\-c m-h-k ssYx
{] XnI-e v] t´ - f bam-b m-X y- b -a m- K- O -X o- tXy-
hHmw ssl hwhn-ZvHmw kÀÆmWn kqXm\n {]Xn-
I-ev]´x CZw {_Òm-bm-Xo-Z-am-K-O-XoXn
F{]-Imcw BK-X-\m-Ip¶ cmPm-hns\ D{K-IÀ½m-¡fpw
]m]-IÀ½§Ä¡p-th­n \nbp-à-am-¡-s¸« kqX-·m-cpw,
{Kma-ap-Jy-·m-cpw-IqSn A¶w, ]m\w, \nhm-kØ
- m\w apX-
em-bh X¿m-dm-¡n, At±lw h¶p, At±lw h¶p F¶p
N P
333
]dªv {]Xo- £n- ¨n-cn-¡vIp- ¶pthm: AtX- {]-Imcw Cu IÀ½- K
48. D]- þ - X Zv bYm cPm\w {]bn- b m- k - ´ - a p{Kx
{]tXy\kx kq{X-{Km-a tWym f- `nk-am-b -t´-b-
h- tath aam-ß m-\ -a- ´ - I mte kÀtÆ {]mWm
A`n-ka- mb´n bss{X-X-ZqÀt[zm-Ozmko `h-Xn.
bm{Xbv¡p X¿m- dm- bn-cn-¡p¶ cmPm-hn-¶-`n- ap- J- ambn D{K-
IÀ½n-I-fpw, ]m]-IÀ½-§Ä¡p \nbp-à-cmb kqX-·m-cpw,
{Kma-¯nse t\Xm-¡-·mcpw t]mIp-¶-Xp-t]m-se, Hcm-ßmhv
DuÀ[z-izmkw hen-¡p-hm³ XpS-§p-t¼mÄ Ah-km-\-\n-an-
j-¯n FÃm {]mW\pw Cu Bßm-hn-¶-`n-ap-J-ambn AXn-
t\m-Sp-IqSn t]mIp-¶p.
\memw {_mÒWw
49. D]þ k b{Xm-b -a m-ß -_ eyw t\yXy kt½m
lanh t\XyssY-\-tatX {]mWm A`n-k-amb´n
k G X m- k vtX - t Pm- a m{X x k a- ` zm- Z - Z mt\ m
lrZbtah \zh-{Im-aXn k bss{Xj Nm£pjx
]pcpjx ]cmMv ]ÀbmhÀXtX -f Ymcq-]tÚm
`hXn
Cu Bßmhv ZpÀº-e-Xsb {]m]n-¡p¶ ka-bw, AXm-
bXv kt½m-ls¯ {]m]n-¡p-t¼mÄ Cu hmKm-Zn-I-fmb
{]mW³ CXn-\p-th­n A`n-ap-J-ambn hcp-¶p. AXv Cu
{]mWsâ tXtPm-am-{X-Isf kay-¡mb coXn-bn kzoI- cn¨v
lrZ-b-¯n A\p-{I´ (A-`n-hyà Úm\-hm-\m-bn)-am-bn-
¯o-cp-¶p. Cu Nm£p-j] - p-cp-j³ FÃm `mK¯pw hymhr-
¯-\m-Ip¶ B ka-b¯v ac-Wm-k¶ - ³ cq]-Úm-\-lo-\-
\m-bn-¯o-cp- ¶p.
50. D]x GIo-`-hXn \ ]iy-Xo-Xym-lp-tc-Io-`-hXn\
Pn{L - X o- X ym- l p- t c Io ` hX n \ c k - b X
CXymlqtc-Io-`-hXn \ hZ-\o-Xym-lp-tc-Io-`-hXn
\ irtWmXo-Xym-lp-tc-Io-`-hXn \ a\pX CXym-
lp-tcIo`hXn \ kv]ri-Xo-Xym-lp-tc-Io-` -hXn
\ hnPm\mXo-Xym-lp-kvXky Xssl-Xky lrZ-
b-kym{Kw {]tZym-XtX tX\ {]tZym-tX-ss\j
Bßm \njv{ ImaXn N£ptãm hm aqÀ[t\m
hmt\ymt`ym hm ico-c-tZ-ti-`y-kvX-ap-XvIm-a´w
{]mtWmXv{ImaXn {]mW-a-cp-Xv{Im-a´w kÀth
{]mWm B\qXv{Ima´n khn-Úmt\m `hXn
khn- Ú m\ tahm- \ z- h - { Im- a Xn Xm hnZzm-
IÀaWo ka\zmtZtX ]qÀh-{]Úm N
(N-£p- cn-{µnbw enwKm-ßm-thm-Sq-Iq-Sn) GI-cq-]-ambn `hn-
¡p-¶p, At¸mÄ Bfp-IÄ ImWp-¶nà F¶p ]d-bp¶p
({Lm-tW-{µn.-bw) GI-cq-]a- m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p, At¸mÄ izkn-
¡p-¶nà F¶p ]d-bp-¶p, hmKv-C-{µnbw GI-cq-]a - m-bn-¯o-
 334
I cp-¶p, At¸mÄ kwkm-cn-¡p-¶nà F¶p ]d-bp-¶p(ck-t\-
{µn-bw) GI-cq-]a - m-bn-¯o-cp¶p At¸mÄ cpNn-¡p-¶nÃ
F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. (t{im-t{X- {µn-bw) GI-cq-]-am-bn-¯o-cp¶p
At¸m tIÄ¡p-¶nà F¶p ]d-bp-¶p, (a-\-Êv) GI-cq-]-
amb-bn-X- Xo-cp¶p At¸mÄ a\\w sN¿p¶nà F¶p ]d-bp-
¶p. (Xz- ¡n-{µn-bw) GI- cq-]-am- bn-¯o- cp¶p At¸mÄ kv]Àin-
¡p-¶nà F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. (_p-²n-enw-Km-ßm-thm-Sp-Iq-Sn) GI-
cq-]-am-bn-¯o-cp-t¼mÄ Adn-bp¶nà F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. AXv
Cu lrZ-b-¯nsâ A{K-`m-K¯v (sh-f n-bn-te-b v¡ pÅ
amÀ¤w) A Xy´ w {]Im- i n- ¡ p- h m³ XpS- § p- ¶ p.
AXnÂ\n¶pw Cu Bßmhv t\{X-§-fnÂ-¡q-Sn, aqÀ±zm-
hn¡q-Sn, AsÃ-¦n ico-c¯ - nsâ atä-sX-¦nepw `mK-§-
fn¡qSn ]pd- t¯bv¡p IS- ¶p-t]m-Ip- ¶p. AXv DXv{I- aWw
sN¿p-t¼mÄ AXn-t\m-sSm-¸w-Xs¶ {]mW\pw DXv{I-an-¡p-
¶p. {]mW³ DXv{I-an¨p Ign-ªm FÃm {]mW\pw (C-
{µn-b-hÀ¤w) DXv{I-an-¡p-¶p. B ka-b¯v Cu Bßmhv
{]tXyIw hnÚm-\-hm-\m-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw hnÚm-\-bp-à-
amb {]tZ-i-s¯-Xs¶ {]m]n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. B
kabw AXns\ Úm\-hpw, IÀ½-hpw, ]qÀÆ-{]-Úbpw
A\p-K-an-¡p-¶p.
51. D]x XZv bYm XrW-P-e m-bpIm XrW-k ym´w
KXzm-\y-am-{I-a-am-{I-aym-ß -\-ap-]-k w-l -c -tXy-hta
hmb-am-tßZ Hmw icocw \nl-X ym-hnZymw Ka
YnXzm-\y-am-{I-am-{I-aym-ß m-\-ap-]k Hmw lc-Xn.
F{]-Imcw \oc« Hcp XrW-¯nsâ A{K-¯n-e¯n
asämcp XrW-cq-]-amb B{i-bs¯ ]nSn¨v kzbw Npcp-§p-
¶p-thm, AXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ Cu Bß-ahv Cu ico-cs¯
h[n¨v Ahn-Zysb (\n-tÝ-ãm-h-Øsb) {]m]n¨v aäm-[m-
cs¯ B{i-b-am¡n kzb D]-kw-l-cn-¡p-¶p.
52. D]þ XZv bYm t]i-kvImco t]itkm am{Xm
a]m-Zm-bm-\y-¶-h-Xcw Ieym-W-Xcw cq]w X\pX
Gh-ta-hm-b-am-tßZ Hmw icocw \nl-Xym-hnZymw
Ka-b n- X zm-\ y- ¶ -h -X cw Ieym- W -X c Hmw cq]w
IcptX ]n{Xymw hm KmÔÀh hm ssZhw hm
{] Pm- ] X yw hm {_mÒ w hmt\ yj mw hm
`qXm\mw
kzÀ®-¸-Wn-¡m-c³ F{]-Imcw kzÀ®-¯nsâ Aev]-
amb `mKw FSp¯v asämcp ]pXn-bXpw A[nIw at\m-l-c-
hp-amb cq]s¯ krãn-¡p-¶p-thm, AXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ Cu
Bßmhv Cu ico-cs¯ \in-¸n¨v AtN-X-\m-hØ - sb
{]m]n¨v aäp ]nXr-¡Ä, KÔÀÆ-·mÀ, tZh-·mÀ, {]Pm-]-Xn,
{_Òm-h,v aäp `qX-§Ä ap-Xem-b-hb
- psS \ho-\-hpw, kpµ-
c-hp-amb cq]s¯ cNn-¡p-¶p.
53. D]þ k hm Ab-amßm {_Ò hnÚm-\-atbm
at\m-abx {]mW-a-b -Ý -£ pÀabx t{im{X-abx
]rYzn- a b Bt]m- a tbm hmbp- a b BIm- i -
abkvtXtPm-atbm - f tXtPm-abx Ima-atbm -f
N P
Ima-abx t{Im[-atbm -f t{Im[-atbm [À½-atbm K
-f [À½-abx kÀh-a-b-kvXXv btZ-XZ- n-Z-a-atbm -
f tZmab CXn bYm-Imco bYm-Nmco XYm `hXn
km[pImco km[pÀ`-h Xn ]m]-I mco ]mt]m
`hXn ]pWyx ]ptWy\ IÀa-Wm `hXn ]m]x
]mt]\x, AtYm Jezmlpx Ima-ab Ghmbw
]pcpj CXn k bYm-Imtam `hXn XXv{I-XpÀ
`hXn bXv{I-XpÀ`-hXn XXv IÀa IcptX bXv
IÀa IcptX XZ-] n-k-av]-Zy-tX.
Cu Bßmhv B ]c-{_Òw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. CXp
hnÚm-\-a-bh - pw, at\m-a-bhpw, {]mWa-b-hpw, N£pÀa-b-
hpw, t{im{X-a-b-hpw, ]rYzo-a-b-hpw, Pe-a-bh - pw, hmbqa-
bhpw, BIm-i-a-b-hpw, tXtPm-a-b-hpw, AtX-tPm-a-bh - pw,
Ima-a-bh
- pw, AIm-a-a-b-hpw, t{Im[-a-b-hpw, At{Im-[a - -b-
hpw, [Àa-a-b-hpw, A[Àa-a-bh - pw, kÀh-a-b-hp-am-Ip-¶p.
bmsXm¶v {]Xy-£-hpw, ]tcm-£-hp-am-Ip-¶pthm AXpw
AXp-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. AXv F{]-Imcw sN¿p-Ibpw BN-cn-
¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶pthm A§n-s\-X-s¶-bm-bn-¯ o-cp-¶p.
k¡À½-§Ä sN¿p-t¼mÄ k¡À½n-bmbpw ]m]-
IÀ½-§Ä sN¿p-t¼mÄ kXvIÀ½n- bmbpw ]m]- IÀ½-§Ä
sN¿p-t¼mÄ ]m]nbmbpw Xocp-¶p. Cu ]pcp-j³ ]pWy-
IÀ½-§-fm ]pWym-ßm-hmbpw ]m]-IÀ½-§-fm ]m]m-
ßm- hmbpw `hn-¡p-¶p. Cu ]pcp-j³ Ima- a-b³Xs¶ F¶v
]ecpw ]d-bp-¶p. F{]-Imcw k¦-ev]n-¡p-¶pthm AXp-
t]mse IÀ½w A\p-jT v n-¡p- I-bpw, B IÀ½-§Ä¡- \p-kr-
X- amb ^ew {]m]n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
54. D]þ XtZj tÇmtIm `h-Xn, XtZh kàx kl
IÀa-ssWXn enwMvKw at\m b{X \njàa-ky,
{]m]ym´w IÀa-W-kvXky bXvInt©l Itcm-
Xy- b w , Xkvam- t à m- I mXv ] p\- t c- X ykv s sa
temImb IÀaW CXn \p Ima-b-amt\m f- Ym
Ima-b -amt\m tbm -f Imtam \njvIma B]v X-
Ima Bß-Imtam \ Xky {]mWm DXv{Im-a´n
{_ssÒh k {_Òm-t]yXn.
B hnj-bs¯ kw_-Ôn-¨p-Å-XmWv Cu a{´w-þ-C-
Xnsâ enwKw AXm-bXv a\Êv bmsXm-¶n-Â AXy-[nIw
Bk-à-am-Ip-¶p-thm, AtX ^es¯ A`n-e-jn¨v IÀ½-
k-lnXw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Cu temI-¯n CXv bmsXm¶p
sN¿p-¶p-thm, B IÀ½-¯nsâ ^ew {]m]n¨v B temI-
¯nÂ\n¶v IÀ½-§Ä sN¿p-¶- Xn-\mbn ho­pw Cu temI-
¯nÂh¶p tNcp-¶p. XoÀ¨-bmbpw A`n-em-tj-Op-hmb
]pcp-j³ C{]-Imcw Xs¶ sN¿p-¶p. C\n A`n-te-tj-Op-
h-Ãm¯ ]pcp-j-s\-¸än ]d-bp-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ AIm-aw,
\njvIm-aw, B]vX-Im-aw, Bß-Imaw Ch-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\m-
bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, Ahsâ {]mW³ DXv{I-aWw sN¿p-¶nÃ;
Ah³ {_Ò-ambn hkn-¨p-sIm­v {_Òs¯ {]m]n-¡p- ¶p.
55. D]þ XtZj tÇmtIm `h-Xn, bZm kÀth {]ap
N yt´ Imam tb - f k y l r Zn {i nX mx,

I AYaÀtXym -f artXm `h-Xy{X {_Ò ka-iv\pX
CXn, XZy- Y m- l n- \ nÀez- b Xo hev a otI arXm
{]XykvXm ibo-ssX-h-ta-thZ Hmw icoc Hmw
titX - f Ymb- a - i - c otcm - f arXx {]mtWm
{_ssÒ h tXP Gh tkm - f lw `K-h tX
kl{kw ZZmaoXn tlmhmN P\tIm thtZlx.
GsX-¦nepw ka-b¯v Chsâ lrZ-b¯ - n B{i-b-
§-fmb kIe A`n-em-j-§-fp-tSbpw \miw kw`-hn-¡p-
t¼mÄ Cu ac-W-[À½mhv Aa-c-\m-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw ChnsS
Cu ico-c-¯nÂ\n-¶p-Xs¶ Ah\v {_Ò-{]m]vXn D­m-Ip-
Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. CXn-s\mcp Zrãm-´w-þ-]m-¼nsâ ]Sw
NnX¸p-än\p apI-fn arXhpw ]m¼n-\m ]cn-Xy-à-hp-
amb InS-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse Cu icocw InS¡p-¶p. Cu ico-
c-c-ln-X-amb Aar-X-{]m-W- \m-Is« {_Òw-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶pþ
tXPÊv Xs¶-bm- Ip- ¶p. At¸mÄ hntZ-l-cm-Pm- hmb P\- I³
]dªp-þ ""Rm\m-Ip¶ P\-I³ {ioam\v Bbncw tKm¡sf
\ÂIp-¶p.''
56. D]þ XtZtX tÇmIm `h-´n, AWpx ]Ùm hn
XXx ]pcmtWm am Hmw kv]rtãm -f \phnt¯m
a ssbh, tX\ [ocm A]n-b ´n {_Ò-h nZx
kzÀK temI-anX DuÀ[z hnaqàmx
Cu Úm\-amÀ¤w kq£va-hpw, hnim-e-hpw, ]pcm-X-\-
hp-am-Ip-¶p. AXv Fs¶ kv]Àin-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Rm³ Xs¶
AXnsâ ^e-amb km[-I-Úm\w {]m]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. [oc
{_Ò-th-¯m-hmb ]pcp-j³ Cu temI-¯n Pohn-¨p-sIm-
­p-Xs¶ apà-\mbn ico-c-Xym-K-¯n-\p-tijw AtX-amÀ¤-
¯n¡qSn kzÀ¤-tem-Is¯ AXm-bXv tam£s¯ {]m]n-
¡p-¶p.
57. D]þ Xkvan-RvOp-¢-apX \oe-amlpx ]nMvKeHmw
lcnXw temlnXw Nm Gj ]Ùm {_ÒWm
lm\p-hn¯ kvtXss\Xn {_Ò-hnXv ]pWyIr-
ss¯- P -k Ý
Cu amÀ¤s¯ kw_-Ôn-¨-A v -`n-{]m-b-hy-Xymkw D­v.
NneÀ AXn ip¢-hÀ®hpw NneÀ \oe-hÀ®hpw hÀ®n-
¡p-¶p. AXp-t]mse NneÀ ]nwK-eh- ÀavW-hpw, NneÀ lcn-
X-hÀ®-hpw, NneÀ temln-X-hÀ®-hp-am-sW¶v ]d-bp-¶p.
F¶m Cu amÀ¤w km£m {_Ò-¯m A\p-`q-X-am-
Ip-¶p. B amÀ¤¯n¡qSn ]pWy-IÀ½-§-f\ - p-ãn-¡p¶
]c-amß tXP-kz-cq-]-cmb {_Ò-th-¯m-¡Ä am{Xw IS-¶p-
t]m-Ip-¶p.
58. D]þ AÔw Xax {]hn-i´n tb f- hnZym-ap]m
ktX XtXm `qb Ch tX Xtam b D hnZymb 64. D]x bkvam-ZÀhm-h-kw-h-Õtcm -f tlmZn ]cn-
Hmw cXmx.
bmsXm-cp- ¯³ Ahn-Zysb (IÀ½w) D]m-kn-¡p-¶p-thm,
Ah³ AÚm-\m-Ô-Im-c- ¯n {]th-in-¡p-I-bpw, bmsXm-
cp-¯³ hnZy-bn (IÀ½-Im-Þ-cq-]-{X-bo-hn-Zy) \nc-X- \m-bn-
cn-¡p-¶p-thm, Ah³ aä-Xn-t\-¡mÄ tLmc-amb AÔ-Im-c-
N P
335
¯n {]thin¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. K
59. D]-þB
- -\µm \ma tX temIm AtÔ\ Xakm
hrXmx, XmHmwkvtX t{]Xym-`n-K-O-´y-hn-ZzmHmw
tkm -f _pt[m P\mx
A\-µ(- A- kp-J) F¶ temIw AÔ-X-a- Ên-\m hym]vX-
am-Ip-¶p. Ahn-Zzm-·mcpw AÚm-\n-I-fp-amb Bfp-IÄ ac-
Wm-\-´cw Ah-sb-Xs¶ {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
60. D]þ Bßm\w tNZv hnPm-\ o-b m-Z-b - a-k va oXn
]qcpjx, Inan-O³ Iky Imamb ico-c-a-\pkw
Pztc-X v.
]pcp-j³ Bßm-hns\ CXv Rm³ Xs¶ sb¶v hnti-
j-cq-]¯
- n Adn-bp-I-bm-W-¦n ]ns¶-sb-´mWv? A`n-
em-j -§ -tfm-S p-I q-S n, {Kl- § -tfm-S p-I qSn ico-c -¯ nsâ
]n¶mse F´n\v k´-]X v -\m-Ip¶p?
61. D]þ bkym-\p-hn¯x {]Xn-_p² Bßm-kvanÂ
kwtZtlm Klt\ {]hnãx, k hniz-IrXv kln
kÀÆky IÀXm Xky temIx k D temI Gh.
Cu At\Iw A\À°-§-fm ]qÀ®hpw hnth-I-hn-
Úm-\-hn-tcm-[n-bp-amb hnj-a-i-co-c-¯n {]hn-ã-amb
Bßmhv bmsXmcp {_Ò-Ws¯ Adn-bp-I-bpw, {]m]n-¡p-
Ibpw sN¿p-¶ pthm Ah³ hniz-Ir-¯m-bn-¯o-cp¶p;
Ah³ AJn-e -¯ n-tâbpw IÀ¯m-h mbn `hn-¡ p-¶ p.
Bßmhv Ah-tâ-Xp-X-t¶-bm-Ip¶p; Ah³Xs¶ kzbw
Bßm-hm-bn- ¯o-cp-¶p.
62. D]þ Csslh kt¯m -f Y hnZva-kvX-Zzbw \
tNZ- t h- Z nÀ a- l X o hn\ ãnx, tb X Zzn- Z p- c -
arXmkvtX `h-´y-tY-Xtc ZpxJta-hm-]n-b-´n.
\mw Cu ico-c-¯n hkn-¨p-sIm­p Xs¶ AXns\
Adn- b p-s ¶-¦ n IrXmÀ°-c m- b n-¯ o-c p-¶ p. F¶mÂ
AXns\ {Kln-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶ Xv hfsc lm\n-I-c-am-W v.
bmsXm-cp-¯³ AXns\ {Kln-¡p-¶p-thm, Ah³ Aa-c-
\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p. F¶m aäp-Å- hÀ ZpxJs¯ {]m]n-¡p-
¶p.
63. D]þ bssZ-X-a-\p-]-iym-Xym-ßm\w tZh-a-RvP-km,
Cuim\w `qX-`h - yky \ XtX hnPq-Kp-]vk-tX,
`q-X-¯n-tâbpw `mhn-bp-sSbpw \mY-\mb Cu {]Im-i-
am- \- amb AYhm IÀ½-^-e-Zm-Xm-hmb Bßm- hns\ a\p- jyÀ
{]Xy-£-¯n a\-Ên-em-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n AXnÂ\n¶pw
Xs¶ c£n-¡p-hm-\m-{K-ln-¡p-¶n- Ã.
hÀXtX, Xt±hm tPymXnjw tPymXn-cm-bqÀtlm
]mktX -f arXw
bmsXm-¶n- \-Sn-bn-embn kwh-Õ-c-N{Iw Atlm-cm-{XmZn
Ah-b-h-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn Id-§n-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, B
 336
I BZn-XymZn tPymXn-Êp-If- psS tPymXn-kz-cq-]-\mb Aar-
Xs¯ tZh- KW Bbpkv F¶ {]Im- c- ¯n D]m-kn-¡p¶p
65. D]x bkvan³]© ]©-P\m BIm-iÝ {]Xn
jv TnXx, Xtah a\y Bßm\w hnZzm³ {_Òm
artXm f- arXw
bmsXm-¶n ]©-P-\-§-fpw, BIm-ihpw {]Xn-jT v n-X-
am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, B Bßm-hn-s\-¯s¶ Aar-X-{_-Ò-am-
bn, Rm³ AwKo-I-cn-¡p-¶p. B {_Òs¯ Adn-bp-¶-h-
\mb Rm³ Aa-c³X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p.
66. D]x {]mWky {]mW-apX N£p-j -Ý -£ p-cpX
t{imXky t{im{Xw a\tkm tb at\m hnZpx
tX \nNn-IypÀ{_Ò ]pcm-W-a{Kyw
bmsXm-cp- ¯À AXns\ {]mWsâ {]mW-\mbpw t{im{X-
¯nsâ t{im{X- am-bpw, a\-Ênsâ a\-Êm-bpw, {Kln-¡p-¶p-
thm, AhÀ ]pcm-X-\hpw A{Ky-hp-amb B {_Òs¯ Adn-
bp-¶p.
67. D]x a\-ssk-hm-\p-{Z-ãhyw t\l \m\mkvXn
In©\, artXym k arXyp-am-]vt\mXn b Cl
\mt\h ]iy-Xn.
{_Òs¯ BNm-tcym-]-tZ-i -] qÀÆw ho£n-¡ -Ww.
CXn \m\mXzw bmsXm-¶p-an-Ã. bmsXm-cp-¯³ CXnÂ
\m\m-Xz-¯n\v Xpey-ambn ImWp-¶p-thm, Ah³ arXyp-
hn¡qSn arXyp-hns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
68. D]x GI-ss[-hm-\p-{Z-ã-hy-ta-XZ- -{]-tabw [rhw
hncPx ]c BImimZP Bßm alm³ {[phx
B {_Òs¯ BNm-tcym-]-tZ-i-¯n-\p-tijw Htc coXn-
bnÂXs¶ ho£n- ¡-Ww. Cu {_Òw A{]-ta-bh - pw, Ahn-
N-en-Xh
- pw, \nÀ½-e-hpw, BIm-i-t¯-¡mfpw kq£va-hpw,
AP-·m-hpw, al¯pw Ahn-\m-inbpw BIp-¶p.
69. D]þ Xtah [otcm hnÚmb {]Úw IpÀho
X {_ÒWx, \m\p-[ym-bmZv _lpWvO_vZm³
hmtNm hn¥m-]\ Hmw ln XZnXn
_p²n-am-\ mb {_mÒ-W³ AXn-s\-Xs¶ Adnªv
AXnÂ\n¶p Adnhp k¼m-Zn-¡-Ww. hf-sc-b-[nIw hm¡p-
IÄ Dcp-hn-Sm-Xn-cn-¡-s«. AXv hm¡p-If
- psS {]I-S\w am{X-
am-Ip-¶p.
70. D]þ k hm Gj alm-\P Bßm tbm f- bw
hnÚm-\-abx {]mtWjp b Gtjm -f ´Àlr-
Zb BIm-i-kvX-a-kvan-RvtOtX kÀhky hio
kÀh tkyim\x kÀh- k ym- [ n- ] Xnx k \
km[p\m IÀaWm `qbmt¶m Ghm-k m-[ p\m
I\o-bm-t\j kÀthizc Gj `qXm-[n-]X - n-tcj
`qX-]me Gj tkXpÀhn-[-cW Gjmw temIm-
\m- a kv a t`Zmb XtaXw thZm- \ p- h - N - t \\
{_mÒWm hnhn-Zn-j ´n btÚ\ Zt\\ X]-
N P
km-\ m-i tIss\X- tah hnZnXzm ap\nÀ`-h -X n, K
GX-tah {]{]mPnt\m temI-hn-O ´x {]{]-P -
´n, GX² kva ssh XXv] qÀth hnZzm-Hmwk
{]Pmw \ Imabt´ Inw {]Pbm Icn-jymtam
tbjmw t\m f- bam-ßmbw temI CXn tX l
kv a ]pss{X-j WmbÝ hnss¯- j - W m- b Ý
temssI-j -Wm-bÝ hyp°m-b mY `n£m-NÀb
Nc´n bm tlyh ]pss{X-jWm km hnss¯-
jWm bm hnss¯jWm km temssI- j -
tWmt` tlytX GjtW Gh `hXx k Gj
t\Xn t\Xymßm Krtlym \ ln KrlytX f-
ioÀtbm \ ln ioÀbtX -f kMvtKm \ ln
kPytX -f kntXm \ hyYtX \ cnjy-tXy-Xap
sslsshtX \ XcX CXypXx ]m]-a-I-c -h-an-
XyXx Ieym-W -a-I -c -hanXypt` D sslsshj
GtX XcXn ss\\w IrXmIrtX X]Xx
Cu alm³ AP-·m-hmb Bßm-hv, AXm-bXv {]mW-
\n hnÚm-\-a-b-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv lrZ-b-am-Ip¶ BIm-i-
¯n hkn-¡p-¶p. AXv FÃm-¯n-t\bpw Iogvs¸-Sp-¯p-¶-
Xpw, FÃm-¯n-sâbpw A[n-]-Xnbpw BIp-¶p. AXv ip`-
IÀ½-§ -fm hf-c p-It- bm, Aip-`-IÀ½-§-fm Xf-cp-
Itbm sN¿p-¶n- Ã. AXv kÀtÆ-iz-c-\m-Ip¶p; `qX-§-fpsS
A[n-]-Xn-bpw, `qX-§sf ]men-¡p-¶-h\ - p-am-Ip-¶p. Cu
temI-§-epsS acymZ `wK-s¸-Sm-Xn-cn-¡-s«þ Cu Dt±-i-t¯m-
Sp-IqSn AXv Chsb hln-¨p-sIm-­ncn¡p¶ tkXp-hm-Ip-
¶p. (D-]-\n-j-¯p-I-fn CXnsâ kzcq-]s¯ hnh-cn-¡p-¶p-
­v) AXv Cu Bßm-hns\ {_mÒ-W-th-Z-§-fpsS kzm[ym-
bw, bÚw, Zm\w, \njvIm-a-X]w Ch-IÄ Zzmcm Adn-hm-
\m- {K-ln- ¡p-¶p. CXn-s\-Xs¶ Adn-ªp-sIm­v alÀjn-bm-
bn-¯o- cp-¶p. Cu Bß- tem-Is¯ Imw£n- ¨p-sIm­v XymKn-
bmb ]pcp-j³ FÃm-ap-t]-£n¨v IS-¶p-t]m-Ip-¶p. (k-\ym-
kn-bm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p) Cu k\ym-k¯ - nsâ ImcWw ]qÀÆ-
hÀ-¯n-bmb Úm\n-IÄ k´m-\-§sf B{K-ln-¨n-cp-¶n-Ã.
(A-hÀ Nn´n-¨n-cp-¶-Xv) \ap¡v {]P-If - nÂ\n¶pw F´p
In«p¶p? \½psS B{Klw Cu Bß-temIw Xs¶-bm-Ip-
¶p. AXn-\m AhÀ ]pt{X-O-bnÂ\n-¶pw, hnt¯-O-
bnÂ\n-¶pw, temtI-O-bnÂ\n¶pw D°m\w sNbvXv `n£m-
Ncy A\p-jvTn-¨n-cp-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ ]pt{X-Op-hm-Ip-
¶pthm Ah³ hnt¯-Op-hpw. bmsXm-cp-¯³ hnt¯-Op-
hm-Ip-¶pthm Ah³ temtI-Op-hm-Ip-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Ch
c­pw A`n-em-j-§-fm-Ip-¶p. Ah³ Cu t\Xn-t\Xn F¶p
P]n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ Bßmhv AKr-ly-am-Ip-¶p. Ah³ {Kln-
¡-s¸-Sp-¶n- Ã, AXv Aio-cy-am-Ip-¶p, AXn\p \miw kw`-
hn-¡p-¶nÃ, AXv Akw-K-am-Ip-¶p, AXv Hcn-¡epw Ak-
à-am-Ip-¶nÃ, AXv _Ôn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. AXn-\m hyYn-
X-am-Ip-¶nÃ. AXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ AXn\p £bw kw`-hn-¡p-
¶nÃ. Cu Bßm-hns\ Ch c­pw (]m-]-]pWy kw_-Ôn-
bmb timIhpw lÀjhpw) {]m]n-¡p-¶n-Ã. AXn-\mÂ,
C¡m-c-W-¯mÂ, Rm³ ]m]w sNbvXn-cn-¡p¶p (C-§s\
 337
I ]Ým-¯m-]-hpw) C¡m-c-W-¯m Rm³ ]pWyw sNbvXn-
cn-¡p¶p (C-{]-Imcw kt´m-jn-¡p-I-bpw) Cu c­n-t\bpw Aa-c-hpw, Aar-X-hpw, A`-b-{_-Òm-hp-am-Ip-¶p. A`-bw-
AXp IS-¶p-t]m-Ip-¶p. C§s\ sN¿-s¸-«-Xpw, sN¿-s¸-Sm- Xs¶ {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ C{]-Imcw {Kln-¡p-
¯- Xp-amb \nXy-IÀ½-§Ä (^- e-{]-Zm-\hpw {]Xy- hm- b-hhpw ¶p-thm, Ah³ B A`-b-{_Ò Xs¶ Bbn-¯o-cp-¶p.
hgn) X]n-¸n-¡p-¶n-Ã.
71. D]þ XtZX ZrNm-`yp-àw, Gj \ntXym alnam
{_ mÒ - W k y \ hÀ [ tX IÀ aW m t\ m
I\ obm³ , X s s k yh k ymX v ] Z- h n¯ w
hnZnXzm\ en]ytX IÀaWm ]m]- t I- t \- X n,
Xkv a mtZhw hnOmt´m Zm´ D]- c - X - k v X n-
Xn£px kamlntXm `qXzm- ß - t \y- h m- ß m\w
]iyXn kÀhamßm\w ]iyXn ss\\w ]m]vam
XcXn kÀh ]m]vam\w XcXn ss\\w ]m]vam
X]Xn kÀh ]m]v a m\w X]Xn hn]mt]m
hnctPm f- hnNn-IntÕm {_mÒtWm `h-tXyj
{_ Ò te mIx k {am- t U \ w {] m] ntX m - f
koXntlmhmN bmÚ-hevIyx tkm f- lw `K-
htX hntZ- l m³ ZZman amw N m] n k l
ZmkymtbXn.
Cu Imcyw-Xs¶ a{´-§Ä hgn-bmbpw ]d-b-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-
¶p. CXv {_Ò-th-¯m-hnsâ \nXy-amb aln-a-bm-Ip-¶p.
AXv IÀ½-¯m IqSp-¶p-an-Ã, Ipd-bp-¶p-an-Ã. B aln-a-
bpsS kzcq- ]s¯ Adn-bp- ¶-h-cm-bn-cn-¡-Ww. AXv Adn-ªp-
sIm­v ]m]-IÀ½-§-fp-ambn Aen-ªp-tN-cp-¶n-Ã. AXn-
\m C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-¶-hÀ im´-cpw, Zm´-cpw, D]-cX - -
cpw, XnXn-£p-¡-fpw, kam-ln-X-cp-ambn Bßm-hnÂXs¶
Bßm-hns\ ZÀin- ¡p-¶p. FÃm- ¯n-t\bpw Bßmhp ZÀin-
¡p-¶p. AXn\v ]m]-]p-Wy-§-fpsS {]m]vXn-bp-­m-Ip-¶n-Ã,
CXv FÃm ]m]-§-f p-tSbpw adp-Ic IS-¶ p-t]m-Ip¶p.
]m]hpw ]pWyhpw CXns\ kao-]n- ¡p-¶n- Ã, CXv FÃm ]m]-
§-tfbpw k´-]X v - am-¡p-¶p. CXv ]m]-c-ln-Xhpw \njvI-a-
hpw, \nÊw-i-b-hpw, {_mÒ-W-hp-ambn `hn-¡p-¶p. tl
km{am«v! CXm-Ip¶p {_Ò-tem-Iw. A§n CXns\ kao-]n-
¨n-cn¡p-¶p. C{]-Imcw bmÚ-h-eI v y³ ]d-ªp. At¸mÄ
P\-I³ ]d-ªp, CXm Rm³ {ioa\v hntZ-l-cmPyw \evIp-
¶p, AtXm-Sp-IqSn At§bv¡p tkh-sN-¿p-hm³ kzbw
kaÀ¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
72. D]x k hm Gj alm-\P Aßm-¶mtZm hkp
Zmt\m hncptX hkpb Ghw thZ
Cu alm\pw AP-·m-hp-amb Bßmhv A¶w `£n-¡p-
I-bpw, IÀ½-^ew \ÂIp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. bmsXmcp¯³
C{]- Imcw {Kln-¡p-¶p-thm, Ahs\ FÃm IÀ½-^-e- §fpw
{]m]n-¡p-¶p.
73. D]x k hm Gj alm-\P Bßm-Ptcm f- atcm
f- artXm -f `tbm {_Òm-`bw ssh {_Òm-`b
Hmw ln ssh {_Ò `hXn b Ghw thZ.
N P
Cu alm\pw AP-·m-hp-amb Bßm- hp-Xs¶ AP-c- hpw, K
A©mw {_mÒWw
74. D]x AY l bmÚ-h-evIyky tZz `mtcy _`q
hXpÀssa-t{Xbo N ImXym-b \o N XtbmÀl
ssat{Xbo {_Ò- h m- Z n\o _`qh kv { Xo{]-
tÚ h XÀ ln ImXym- b - \ yY l bmÚ -
hev tIym -f \yZv hr¯-ap-] m-I-cn-j yÂ
bmÚ-h-eI v y\v ssat{Xbn F¶pw ImXym-b\n F¶pw
c­p `mcy-am-cp-­m-bn-cp¶p F¶Xv {]kn-²-am-W-tÃm. Ah-
cn ssat{Xbn {_Ò-hm-Zn-\nbpw ImXym-b\n km[m-cW
kv{XoI-fpsS _p²n-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bh
- f
- p-am-bn-cp-¶p. At¸mÄ
bmÚ-h-evIy³ k¶ym-k-Ncy Bcw-`n-¡p-hm-\pÅ B{K-
l-t¯m-Sp-IqSn ]dªp.
75. D]þ ssat{X- b oXn tlmhmN bmÚ-h ev I y
{]{h-Pn-jy³ hm Atc -f la-k va mXv Øm\m-
Zkv a n l ´ tX - f \bm ImXym- b - \ ym´w
IchmWoXn.
bmÚhevIy³ ]dªp: AÃtbm ssat{Xbo! Rm\o-
Kr-l-Øm-{i-a-¯nsâ kÀÆ-kzhpw Dt]-£n¨v t]mIp-hm³
XpS-§p-¶p, AXm-bXv k\ymkw kzoI-cn-¡p-hm³ hnNm-cn-
¡p-¶p. Rm³ \nsâ A\p-aXn Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-Ibpw B{K-
ln-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AXn-\m Cu ImXym-b-\n-tbm-Sp-
IqSn \n\-¡n-ã-am-sW-¦n hkn-¡mw.
76. D]-þkm tlmhmN ssat{Xbo b¶p a Cbw
`tKmx kÀhm ]rYnho hnt¯\ ]qÀWmkymXv
kymw \zlw tX\m-arXm -f tlm t\Xnt\Xn
tlmhmN bmÚ-hevtIym bssYthm]I-c-W-
{XXmw PohnXw XssYh tX Pohn-XHmwkymZ-
ar-X-Xzky Xp \mimkvXn hnt¯-t\-Xn.
ssat{Xbn ]d-ªpþ `K-hm³! Cu [\-¯m k¼-¶-
bmb `qan apgp-h³ Ftâ-Xm-bn- ¯o- cp-I-bm-sW- ¦n F\n¡v
AtXm-S p-I qSn Aa- c -b m-b n-¯ o-c p- h m³ km[n-¡ p-tam,
CÃtbm? bmÚ-h-eI v y³ ]dªpþkm-[y-aÃ; t`mK-km-a-
{Kn-I-fm k¼-¶-am-bXv a\p-jy-cp-tS-Xp-t]m-epÅ Pohn-X-am-
Ip-¶p, \nsâ Pohn-Xhpw AXp-t]mse Bbn-cn-¡pw. [\-
¯n¡qSn Aa-c-Xzs¯ Bin-¡tb th­.
77. D]-þkm tlmhmN ssat{Xbo tb\mlw \marXm
kymw Inalw tX\ IpÀbm btZh `Kh³ thZ
XtZ-hta {_qlo-Xn.
ssat{Xbn ]dªp:þ bmsXm-¶p-sIm­v F\n¡v Aa-
cXzw {]m]n-¡p-hm³ km[y-a-Ãtbm AXp kzoI-cn-¨p- sIm­v
 338

I Rms\´p sN¿pw? {ioam³! At§-bv¡-dn-hpÅ Aar-X- th­n [\w {]nb-s¸-«-h\ K

- m-Ip-¶n-Ã, Xtâ-Xmb {]tbm-P-\-
Xz-km-[-Isf F\n-¡p-]-tZ-in¨p X¶m-epw. ¯n-\p-th­n [\w {]nb-s¸-«-Xm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. arK-§-fpsS
{]tbm-P-\-¯n-\p-th­n arK-§Ä {]nb-s¸-«-h-bm-Ip-¶n- Ã.
78. D]-þk tlmhmN bmÚ-hevIyx {]nbm
kz´w {]tbm-P\ - -¯n-\p-th­n arK-§Ä {]nb-s¸-«-h-bm-bn-
th Jep t\m `hXn kXo {]nb-a-hr-[-²´
¯o-cp-¶p, {_mÒ-Wsâ {]tbm-P-\-¯n-\p-th­n {_mÒ-
XÀln `h-tXy-XZv hymJym-kyman tX hymN
W³ {]nb-s¸-«-h-\m-Ip- ¶n-Ã. kz´w {]tbm-P- \-¯n- \p-th­n
£mWky Xp ta \nZn-[ym-k-tkzXn
{_mÒ-W³ {]nb-s¸-«-h- \m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. £{Xn-bsâ {]tbm-
bmÚ-hÂIy³ ]d-ªp. XoÀ¨-bm-bpw. \o ]­p-ap- P-\-¯n-\p-th­n £{Xn-b³ {]nb- \m-Ip-¶n-Ã, kz´w {]tbm-
Xte \½psS {]nb-bm-bn-cp¶p; Cu ka-b¯pw \o \½psS P-\-¯n-\p-th­n £{Xn-b³ {]nb-s¸-«-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
kt´m-js¯ hfÀ¯p-¶p. AXn-\m tl tZho! Rm³ temI-¯nsâ {]tbm-P-\-¯n-\mbn temIw {]nb-s¸-«-Xm-Ip-
kt´m-j-t¯m-Sp-IqSn \n\-¡p-th­n CXns\ hymJym-\n- ¶n-Ã, kz´w {]tbm-P-\-¯n-\mbn temIw {]nb-s¸-«-Xm-bn-
¡mw. Rm³ hymJym-\n-¡p¶ hnj-b§ - -sf-¸än \o Nn´n- ¯o-cp-¶p, tZh-·m-cpsS {]tbm-P-\¯ - n-\p-th­n tZh-·mÀ
¡- Ww. {]nb-s¸-«-h-cm-Ip-¶n-Ã, kz´w {]tbm-P-\-¯n-\p-th­n tZh-
79. D]þ k tlmhmN \ hm Atc ]Xypx Imamb ·mÀ {]nb- s¸-«-h-cm-bn-¯o- cp-¶p. thZ- §-fpsS {]tbm-P-\- ¯n-
]Xnx {]ntbm `h-Xy-ß-\kvXp Imamb ]Xnx {]n \p-th­n thZ-§Ä {]nb-s¸-«-h-bm-Ip-¶n-Ã. kz´w {]tbm-
tbm `h-X n, \ hm Atc Pmbmssb Imamb P-\- ¯n-\p-th­n thZ- §Ä {]nb- s¸-«-h-bm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. `qX-
Pmbm {]nbm `h-X ym-ß-\ kvXp Imamb Pmbm §-fpsS {]tbm-P-\-¯n-\p-th­n `qX-§Ä {]nb-s¸-«-h-cm-Ip-
{]nbm `h-Xn, \ hm Atc ]p{XmWmw Imamb ¶n-Ã. kz´w {]tbm-P-\-¯n-\p-th­n `qX-§Ä {]nb-s¸-«-
]p{Xmx {]nbm `h-´y-ß-\kvXp Imamb ]p{Xmx h-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. FÃmhcp-tSbpw {]tbm-P-\-¯n-\p-th­n
{]nbm `h-´n, \ hm Atc hn¯ky Imamb FÃm-hcpw {]nb-s¸-«-h-cm-Ip-¶n-Ã, kz´w {]tbm-P-\-¯n-\p-
hn¯w {]nbw `h-Xy-ß-\kvXp Imamb hn¯w th­n FÃmhcpw {]nb-s¸-«-h-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. AXn-\mÂ
{]nbw `h-X n, \ hm Atc ]iq\mw Imamb AÃtbm ssat{Xbo! Bßm-hp-Xs¶ ZÀi-\o-b-hpw, {ih-
]izx {]nbm `h-´ym-ß-\kvXp Imamb ]ihx Wo-b -h pw, a\-\ o-b-h pw, [ym\-tbm-Ky-h p-am-I p-¶p. tl
{]nb `h´n, \ hm Atc {_ÒWx Imamb ssat{Xbo! XoÀ¨-bmbpw Bß-ZÀi-\hpw, {ih-Whpw, a\-
{_Ò{]nbw `h- X ym-ß -\ kv X p Imamb {_Ò \-hpw, hnÚm-\hpw D­m-bn-¡-gn-ªm Ch-sb-Ãm-¯n-
{]nbw `h-X n, \ hm Atc £{Xky Imamb sâbpw Úm\w D­m-Ip-¶p.
£{Xw {]nbw `h-Xym-ß-\kvXp Imamb £{Xw 80. D]x {_ÒXw ]cm- ZmZv tbm -f \y{Xm- ß t\m
{]nb `hXn, \ hm Atc temIm\mw Imamb {_ Ò thZ £ {X w X ] c m- Z mZv tbm - f
temImx {]nbm `h-´y-ß-\kvXp Imamb temImx \y{Xmß\x £{Xw thZ temImkv X w ]cm-
{]nb `h´n, \ hm Atc tZhm\mw Imamb Zptc ym - f \ y{X m ß t\ m te mIm³ thZ
tZhmx {]nbm`h-´ y-ß -\kvX p Imamb tZhmx thZmkvXw ]cm-Zptcym f- \y{Xmßt\m tZhm³
{]nbm `h-´ n, \hm Atc thZm\mw Imamb thZ thZmkvX w ]cm-Zptcym -f \y{Xm-ß t\m
thZmx {]nbm `h-´ymß-\kvX Imamb thZmx thZm³ thZ `qXm\n Xw ]cmZp tcym f- \y{X-
{]nbm `h´v , \ hm Atc `qXm\mw Imamb ßt\m thZm³ thZ `qXm\n Xw ]cm-Zptcym f-
`qXm\n {]nbmWn `h´ym-ß -\ kvX p Imamb \y{Xm-ß t\m `qXm\n thZ kÀhXw ]cm-ZmZv
`qXm\n {]nbmWn `h-´n, \ hm Atc kÀÆky tbm -f \y{Xm-ß \x kÀh thtZZw {_tÒZw
Imab kÀÆ-{]nbw `h´yß-\ kvX p Imamb £{X-anta temIm Cta tZhm CtathZm Cam\n
kÀh {]nbw `h-Xn. Bßm hm Atc {Zãhyx `qXm-\oZ Hmw kÀh bZ-b-am-ßm
t{imXthym a´thym \ nZn[ ym- k n- X thym
bmsXm-cp-¯³ {_mÒ-W-Pm-Xnsb Bßm-hn \n¶pw
ssat{X- b m- ß \n JeztcZrtã {iptX atX
`n¶-ambn Icp-Xp-¶p-thm, Ahs\ {_mÒ-W-PmXn ]cm-P-b-
hnÚmX CZ Hmw kÀh hnZnXw.
s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. Bcv £{Xn-bP - m-Xnsb Bßm-hnÂ\n¶pw
At±lw ]d-ªpþ AÃtbm ssat{Xbo ]Xn-bpsS `n¶-ambn Icp-Xp-¶p-thm, Ahs\ £{Xn-b-PmXn ]cm-P-b-
{]tbm-P-\-¯n-\p-th­n ]Xn {]nb-s¸-«-h-\m-Ip-¶n-Ã, Xtâ- s¸- Sp-¯p-¶p. Bcv temIs¯ Bßm-hnÂ\n¶pw `n¶-ambn
Xmb {]tbm-P\ - -¯n-\p-th­n ]Xn {]nb-s¸-«-h\
- m-bn-¯o-cp- Icp-Xp-¶p-thm, Ahs\ temIw ]cm-P-b-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. Bcv
¶p, `mcy-bpsS {]tbm-P-\-¯n\p th­n `mcy {]nb-¦-cn-bm- tZh-X-Isf Bßm-hnÂ-\n¶pw `n¶-ambn Icp-Xp-¶p-thm,
Ip-¶n-Ã, kz´- amb {]tbm-P-\-¯n-\p-th­n `mcy {]nb-s¸- Ahs\ tZh-X- IÄ ]cm-P-b-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. Bcv thZ-§sf
«-h-fm-Ip-¶p, ]p{Xsâ {]tbm-P-\-¯n-\p- th­n ]p{X³ {]nb- Bßm-hnÂ\n¶pw `n¶-ambn Icp-Xp-¶p-thm, Ahs\ thZ-
s¸-«-h\- m-Ip-¶n- Ã, kz´w {]tbm-P-\-¯n-\p-th­n ]p{X³ §Ä ]cm-P-b -s ¸- S p-¯ p-¶ p. Bcv `qX-§ sf Bßm-
{]nb-s¸-«-h-\m-bn-¯ o-cp-¶p, [\-¯nsâ {]tbm-P-\-¯n- \p- hnÂ\n¶p `n¶- ambn Icp-Xp-¶p-thm, Ahs\ `qX-§Ä ]cm-

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 339

I P-b-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. Bcv FÃm-h-tcbpw Bßm-hnÂ\n¶pw tÇmI-§fpw ({_m- Ò- W-a-{´w) kq{X- §epw (ssh-Z- I K
o - h- kvXp-
`n¶-ambn Icp-Xp-¶p-thm, Ahs\ FÃm-hcpw ]cm-P-b-s¸- kw-{K-l-hm-Iyw) kq{X-§-fpsS hymJym-\-hpw, a{´-§fpsS
Sp-¯p-¶p. Cu {_mÒ-W-Pm-Xn, Cu £{Xn-bP - m-Xn, Cu hymJym-\-hpw, bÚ-§fpw lh-\-hpw, Bin-X- hpw, ]mbn-
temIw, Cu tZh-·mÀ, Cu thZ-§Ä, Cu `qX-§Ä, Cu X-hpw, Cu temI-hpw, ]c-tem-Ih- pw, k¼qÀ®-`q-X- §fpw
FÃm-hcpw, IqSmsX asä-s´-Ãm-ap-t­m, Ah-sbÃmw Bßm- FÃmw CXnsâ \nizm-k-§ÄX-s¶- bm-Ip-¶p.
hp- X-s¶-bm- Ip-¶ p. 85. D]þ k bYm kÀhm-km-a]m Hmw kap{Z GIm
81. D]x k bYm Zpµp-t`Àl-\y-am-\ky \ _mlym b\-tah Hmw kÀthjm Hmw kv]Àim\mw XztK
RvO_vZm-RvO-Iv\ - p-bmZv {Kl-Wmb Zpµp-t`kvXp Imb- \ - t ah Hmw k À thj mw KÔ m\ mw
{KltW\ Zpµp- ` ym- L m- X ky hm i_v t Zm \mkntI GIm-b -\ -tah Hmw kÀthjmw Hmw
KrloXx ckm\mw Pnsslz Imb-\-tah Hmw kÀthjm
Hmw c q] mW mw N £p- t c - I m- b - \ - t ah Hmw
Hcp Zpµp-`n-bpsS ta hSn apX-em-b-h-sIm­v BLm-X-
kÀthjm Hmw i_vZm\m Hmw t{im{X-ta-Im-b-
ta¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p, B Zpµp-`n-bpsS _mly-i-_vZ-§sf
\-tah Hmw kÀthjm Hmw k¦-e v]m\mw a\
BÀ¡pw Hcp hn[-¯nepw {Kln-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶n-Ã, GIm-b-\ -tah Hmw kÀhmkmw hnZym\m Hmw
F¶m Zpµp-`n-tbtbm AYhm AXnsâ BLm- X-t¯tbm lrZ-bta Imb-\-tah Hmw kÀthjm IÀ-aWm
{Kln-¡p-¶-tXm-Sp-IqSn AXnsâ i_vZhpw {Kln-¡-s¸-«-Xm- Hmw lkvXm-ta-Im-b-\-tah Hmw kÀth-jm-am-\-
bn- ¯o-cp-¶p. µmk-ap]Ø GIm-b -\ -tah Hmw kÀthjmw
82. D]x k bYm iMv J ky [v a mb- a m- \ ky \ hnkÀKmWmw ]mbp-tc-Im-b-\-tah Hmw kÀth-
_mlym-RvO-_vZm-RvO-Iv\p-bmZv {Kl-Wmb iMv jm-a-[z\mw ]mZm-th-Im-b-\-tah Hmw kÀthjmw
Jky Xp {Kl-tW\ iMvJ-[vaky hm i_vtZm thZm\mw hmtK-Im-b\w
Krlo-X. kap{Zw F§ns\ FÃm Pe-§Ä¡pw Ab\w ({]-f-b-
hmbnÂh-¨q-Xp¶ iwJnsâ i_vZw {Kln-¡p¶Xn Øm-\w) BIpt¶m AXp- t]mse FÃm kv]Ài-\-§Ä¡pw
Bcpw kaÀ°-cm- Ip-¶n-Ã, F¶m iwJnsâ DuX {Kln- sXmen Hcp Ab-\-am-Ip-¶p, FÃm KÔ-§Ä¡pw c­p
¡p-¶-tXm-Sp-IqSn AXnsâ i_vZhpw {Kln- ¡-s¸-«-Xm-bn-¯o- \mknI Hcp Ab- \-am- Ip-¶p, FÃm ck-§Ä¡pw Pnlz Hcp
cp-¶p. Ab-\-am-Ip-¶p, FÃm cq]-§Ä¡pw N£pÊv Hcp Ab-\-
am-Ip-¶p, FÃm i_vZ-§Ä¡pw t{im{Xw Hcp Ab-\-am-Ip-
83. D]x k bYm hoWmssb hmZy-am-\ mssb \ ¶p, FÃm k¦-ev]§ - Ä¡pw a\Êv Hcp Ab-\-am-Ip-¶p,
hmZym-R v O - _ v Zm- R vO - ¡ p- \ p- b mZv {Kl- W mb FÃm hnZy-IÄ¡pw lrZbw Hcp Ab-\-am-Ip-¶p, kakvX
hoWm ssb Xp {Kl-tW\ hoWm-hm-Zky hm IÀ½-§Ä¡pw ssI Hcp Ab-\-am-Ip-¶p, FÃm B\-µ-
i_vtZm KrloXx §Ä¡pw D]Øw Hcp Ab-\-am-Ip-¶p, FÃm hnkÀ¤-
hmbn- ¡- s¸- Sp¶ hoW-bpsS, _mly-i-_vZs¯ {Kln- ¡p- §Ä¡pw KpZw Hcp Ab- \- am-Ip-¶p, ka- kvX- amÀ¤-§Ä¡pw
¶-Xn Bcpw kaÀ°-cm-Ip-¶n-Ã, F¶m hoWtbm c­p Nc-W§Ä Hcp Ab-\-am-Ip-¶p. CXp-t]mse Xs¶
AXn³sc hmbn-¡-en-t\tbm {Kln-¡p¶Xnt\m-Sp-IqSn B FÃm thZ-§Ä¡pw hm¡v Hcp Ab-\-am-Ip-¶p.
i_vZhpw Krlo-X-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. 86. D]þ k bYm sskÔ-h -[ t\m -f \´tcm -f
84. D]-þk bYm -ff ss{Z[m-tá-c-`ym-ln-Xky ]rY _mlyx IrÕvt\m-c-k[ - \ Gssh-hw hm Atc
Kv [ qam hn\n- Ý - c - t ´yhw hm Atc - f ky -f bamß-\-´tcm f- _mlyx IrÕv\x {]Úm-
altXm `qXky \niz-k n-X -ta-X Zv bZr-tKztZm \- [ \ Gssh- t Xt`ym `qtX`yx kap- ° mb
bPqÀthZx kma-thtZm -f [Àhm-MvK n-ck CXn- Xmt\y-hm\p hn\-iyXn \ t{]Xy kwÚm-kvXo-
lmkx ]pcmWw hnZym D]-\ n-j Zx tÇmImx Xytc {_ho aoXn tlmhmN bmÚ-hevIyx
kq{XmWy\phym-Jym-\m\n hymJym-\m-\nã Hmw F{]- Imcw D¸nsâ Hcp IjWw _mlym- ´- c-t`- Z-an- ÃmsX
lpX- a minXw ]mbn-X - a bw N temIx ]cÝ ck- k-¼qÀ®-am- bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, tl ssat{X-bn, A{]-Imcw
temIx kÀhmWn N `qXm-\ y-ssky-ssh-X m\n Xs¶ Cu Bßmhp _mlym-´- c-t`-Z-c-ln-X-ambn k¼qÀ®-
kÀhmWn \niz-kn-Xm\n amb {]Úm-[-\-t¯m-Sp-IqSn \ne-\n¡p-¶p. CXv Cu `qX-
\\-ªp-Ip-XnÀ¶ hndIp Ip¯p-¶-XnÂ\n¶pw {]tXy- §-tfm-Sq-IqSn D°n-X-am-Ip-Ibpw Ah-tbm-Sp-IqSn Xs¶ \in-
I- a mb coXn-b n- e pÅ [qaw Db- c p- ¶ -X p- t]mse tl ¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. C{]-Imcw ac-W-t¯m-Sp-IqSn AXv
ssat{Xbo! Cu EtKz-Z-hpw, kma-th-Z-hpw,AYÀh-th- Z-hpw, \mam-h- ti-j-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. tl ssat{Xbo! Rm-\n- {]-Imcw
CXn-lm-k-hpw, ]pcm-Wh - pw, hnZy-bpw, D]-\n-j-¯p-¡-fpw, ]d-bp-¶p. C§ns\ bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]d-ªp.

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 340
I 87. D]þ km tlmhmN ssat{X-¿-ss{Xh am `K
hm³ tamlm- ´ - a m- ] o- ] n- b ¶ hm Al- a naw
hnPm\m-aoXn k tlmhmN \ hm Atc f- lw
tamlw {_ho- a y- h n- \ mio hm Atc - f bam-
ßm\pOn¯n-[ Àam
ssat{Xbn ]dªp {ioam³ A§v Fs¶ C-hn-sS-Xs¶
taml-¯n ]Xn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. CXn hnti-j-hn-[n-bmbn
F\n-s¡m¶pw Xs¶ a\-kn-em-bn-«n-Ã. At±lw ]dªp:þ
AÃtbm ssat{Xbo ! Rm³ taml- k w- _ - Ô - a mbn
bmsXm¶pw Xs¶ ]d-ªn-«n-Ã. Cu Bßmhv \nÝbambpw
Ahn-\m-in-bpw, A\p-tO-Z-cq-]-t¯m- Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xp-am-Ip-¶p.
88. D]þ b{X ln ssZzX-anh `hXn XZn-Xc CXcw
]iyXn XZn-Xc CXcw Pn{LXn XZn-X c CXc
Hmx ckbtX XZn-Xc CX-c-a-`n-h-ZXn XZn-Xc CXc
Hmw irtWmXn XZn-Xc CXcw a\ptX XZnXc
CXc Hmw kv]riXn XZn-Xc CXcw hnPm\mXn
b{X Xzky kÀh-am-ssXvahm-`qXv XXv tI\ Iw
]tiyXv XXv tI\ Iw Pnt{LXv XXv tI\ \
Hmw ck-tbXv XXv tI\ Ia-`n-h-tZXv XXv tI\
I Hmw irWp-bmXv XXv tI\ Iw a\zoX XXv
tI\ I Hmw kv]rtiyXv XXv tI\ Iw hnPm- -\o-
bmXv tbt\Z Hmw kÀh hn Pm\mXn Xw tI\
hnPm-\o-bmXv k Gj t\Xn t\Xym-ßm-Krtlym
\ ln KrlytX - f iotcym \ ln iocytX -f
kMvtKm \ ln kPytX -f kntXm \ hyYtX
\ cnjyXn hnÚm-Xm-c-atc tI\ hnPm-\o-bm-Zn-
Xyp- à m- \ p- i m- k - \ mkn ssat{Xt¿Xmh- Z tc
Jevh ar-X -X z-a nXn tlmàzm bmÚhevtIym
hnP-lmc
FhnsS (A-hn-Zym-hØ- m-\-¯nÂ) ssZzX-ap-­m-bn-cn-¡p-
¶p-thm, AhnsS A\yw A\ys¯ ZÀin-¡p-¶p. A\yw
A\ys¯ izkn-¡p-¶p, A\yw A\ys¯ Bkz-Zn-¡p-¶p,
A\yw A\ys¯ A`n- hm-Z\w sN¿p-¶p, A\yw A\ys¯
{ihn-¡p-¶p, A\yw A\ys¯ a\\w sN¿p-¶p. A\yw
A\ys¯ kv]Àin-¡p-¶p, A\yw A\ys¯ hnti-j-hn-
[n-bmbn {Kln-¡p-¶p. F¶m FhnsS CXn- \p- th­n FÃm
Bßm-¡fpw Bbn-¯o-cp-¶p-thm, AhnsS GXn¡qSn
GXns\ ZÀin¡pw? F´n¡qSn F´ns\ izkn¡pw?
F´n¡qSn F´nsâ ckw Bkz-Zn¡pw? F´n¡qSn
F´ns\ Bkz-Zn¡pw? F´n¡qSn F´ns\ {ihn¡pw?
Bcn¡qSn Bsc A`n-hm-Z\w sN¿pw? F´n¡qSn
F ´ns\ a\\w sN¿pw? F´ n¡ qSn F ´ ns\
kv]Àin¡pw? Bcn¡qSn Bsc Adnbpw? bmsXm-¶p-h-
gn-bmbn ]pcp-j³ Ch-sbÃmw Adn-bp-¶p-thm, AXns\
GXp km[-\-bm Adn-bpw? t\Xn-t\Xn C{]-Imcw \nÀt±-
in-¡-s¸-Sp¶ Bßmhv AKr-ly-am-Ip-¶p-þ -A-X-dn-b-s¸-Sp-
¶nÃ; Aio-cy-am-Ip-¶p-þ-A-Xn\p hn\miw kw`-hn-¡p-¶nÃ;
Akw-K-am- Ip-¶p-þ-A-Xm-k-à-am-Ip-¶nÃ; A_-²-am-Ip-¶p-þ-
N P
AXv hyYn-X-hpw, £oWn-X-hp-am-Ip-¶n- Ã, tl ssat{Xbo! K
hnÚm-Xm-hns\ GXp amÀ¤-¯n¡qSn {Kln-¡m³ Ign-
bp-¶Xv? C{]-Imcw \n\-¡p-]-tZiw \ÂI-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p.
ssat{Xbn! a\-Ên-em¡q; Aar-XXzw C{Xbpw am{Xta DÅq.
C{]-Imcw ]d-ªp-sIm­v bmÚ-h-eI v y³ ]cn-{h-PI (k-
\ym-kn) \mbn-¯oÀ¶p.
Bdmw {_mÒWw
89. D]x AY h Hmwix ]uXn-amtjym Ku]-h-\mZv
Km]-h\x ]uXn-am-jymXv ]uXn-amtjym Ku]
h\mZv Ku]-h\x Iuin-ImXv IuinIx IuÞn
\yXv IuÞ n\ yx imÞ n- e ym- O m- Þ ne yx
IuinI¨ KuX-am¨ KuXax.
C\v bmÚ-h-evIy-ImÞ- ¯nsâ hwi- ]- c- ¼c ]d-bp- ¶p-
þ-]u-Xn-am-jy³ Ku]-h\
- -\nÂ\n-¶pw, Ku]-h-\³ ]uXn-am-
jy-\nÂ\n-¶pw, ]uXn-am-jy³ Ku]-h-\-\nÂ\n-¶pw, Ku]-
h-\³ Iuin-I-\nÂ\n-¶pw, Iuin-I³ IuÞn-\y-\nÂ\n-
¶pw, IuÞn-\y³ imÞn-ey-\nÂ\n-¶ pw, imÞn-ey³
Iuin-I-\nÂ\n-¶pw, KuX-a³ KuX-a-\nÂ\n¶pw
90. D]: Aán- t h- i ym- Z m- á n- t htiym KmÀKymZv
KmÀtKym KmÀKymZv KmÀtKym KuX-amZv KuXax
sskX- h mXv sskXhx ]mcm- i - c ym- b - W mXv
]mcmi-cym-btWm KmÀKym-b-WmZv KmÀKym-bW
D± m- e - I m- b - \ m- Z p- ± m- e - I m- b t\m Pmhm- e m- b -
\mÖmhmem-bt\m am[y-µ n-\ m-b-\m-· -[y-µn-\m-
b\x kuI-c m-b-WmXv kuI-cm-bWx Imjm-b-
WmXv Imjm-bWx kmb-Im-b-\mXv kmb-Im-b\x
IuinIm-bt\; Iuin-Im-b\nx
(Ku-X-a³) Aán-th-i y-\nÂ\n-¶pw, Aán-th-iy³
KuÀKy-\n-e-\n-¶pw, KmÀKy³ KuX-a-\nÂ\n-¶pw, KuX-a³
sskX-h-\nÂ\n-¶pw, sskX-h³ ]mcm-i-cy-b-W-\nÂ\n-
¶pw, ]mcm-i-cy-b-W³ KZmÀKym-b-W-\nÂ\n-¶pw, KmÀKym-
b-W³ D±m-e-Im-b- \nÂ\n-¶pw, D±m- e-Im- b-\³ Pm_m-em-b-\-
\nÂ\n- ¶pw, Pm_m- em- b- \³ am[y- µn- \m-b-\- \nÂ\n- ¶pw, am[y-
µn-\m-b-\³ kuI-cm-b-W-\nÂ\n-¶pw, kuI-cm-b-W³
Imjm-b-W-\nÂ\n-¶pw, Imjm-b-W³ kmb-Im-b-\-\nÂ\n-
¶pw, kmb-Im-b-\³ Iuin-Im-b-\nÂ\n-¶pw, Iuin-Im- b-\. n
91. D]þ LrX-Iu-in-ImZv LrX-Iu-inIx ]mcm-icym
bW mX v ] mc m- i - c ym- b W x ] mc m- i - c ymX v
]cmitcym PmXq-IÀWym-Öm-Xq-IÀWy Bkp-
cm-b-W m¨ bmkvIm-¨ m-kp-cm-b-W -kvss{X-h-tW-
kvs s{X-h-Wn-c u-] PÔt\-c u-]-P-Ô -\ n-cm-k p-tc-
cm- k p- c oÀ`m- c - Z zm- P mZv `mcZzmP Bt{X- b m- Z m-
t{Xtbm amt­Àam-­nÀ KuX-amZv KuXtam KuX-
am-Zv KuXtam hmXvkymZv hmÕyx imÞn-eym-
O m- Þ ne yx s s Iti m- c ymX v ImW ymX v
ssItimcyx ImWywx Ipam-c-lm-cn-XmXv Ipam-c-
 341

I lm-cntXm Kme-hmZvKmethm hnZÀ`n-Iu-Þn-\ymZv K

CXv (]-c-{_Òw ]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶p. AXv (tkm-]m-[n-I-amb
hnZÀ`n-IuÞnt\ym hÕ-\-]mtXm _m{`-hmZv {_Ò-hpw) ]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶p. Cu (Im-cym-ß-I-amb ]qÀ®-X(-
hÕ-\ -]mZv {_m`qhx ]Yx ku`-cmXv ]Ùmw Im-c-Wm-ß- I-am-b) ]qÀ®-X- bnÂ\n-¶p-Xs¶ DÛ-hn-¡p-¶p.
tkm`tcm f- bmkym-Z-MvK n-c-km-Z-bmky AMv Kn- Cu ]qÀ®-Xz-¯nsâ ]qÀ®X (A-hn-Zym-Ir-X-amb A\y-Xzm-
ck B`qtXkvXzm-ãm-Zm-`q-Xn-kvXzmtãm hniz-cq- `m-kw) amän-¡-g- ªm ]qÀ®-X- Xs¶ Ah-ti-jn-¡p-¶p.
]mXv Xzm ãmZv hniz-cq-]-kvXz-ãm-izn-`ym-aizn\u
2. D]þ Hmw Jw {_Ò Jw ]pcmWw hmbpcw JanXn
Z[oN BYÀh- W mZv Z[yMv M mYÀhtWm - f
l kvaml Iuc-hym-b-Wo-]pt{Xm thtZm -f bw
YÀhtWm ssZhm-Z - Y Àhm ssZthm artXymx
{_ÒWm hnZpÀth-ssZ-t\\ bZv thZnXhyw
{] m[ z- H mw - k \ · r X ypx {] m[ z- H mw - k \ x
{]m[zxHmwk-\mXv {]m[z Hmwk\ GIÀtj-tc- BImiw {_Ò-amb HmwIm-c-am- Ip-¶p. BImiw (C- hnsS
IÀjn-{]-N n-t¯Àhn-{]Nn ¯nÀthy-tãÀhyãnx PUw D­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶n- Ã) k\m-X-\( ]c-am-ßm-hv)amIp-¶p.
k\mtcmx k\mcpx k\m X\mXv k\m-X\x k\- AXn hmbp hkn-¡p¶p; B BImiw Xs¶ Jw (Hcp
KmX k\Kx ]c-tajvTn\x ]c-tajvTn {_ÒtWm a{´w) BIp-¶p. C{]-Imcw Iuc-hym-b-Wo-]p-{X³ ]d-ªn-
{_Ò kzbw`q {_ÒtW \ax. cn-¡p-¶p. CXv HmwIm-c-amb thZ-am-Ip-¶p-þ-C-{]-Imcw {_mÒ-
W³ a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m bmsXm¶v
LrX-Iu-in-I-\nÂ\n-¶pw, LrX-Iu-in-I³ ]mcm-im-cym-
Úm\-hy-am-bn-c n-¡p-¶pthm AXn \n¶pw CXnsâ
b-W-\nÂ\n-¶pw, ]mcm- im-cym-b-W³ ]mcm-i-cy-bnÂ\n-¶pw,
Úm\w D­m-Ip-¶p.
]mcm-icy PmXq-IÀWy-bnÂ\n-¶pw, PmXq-IÀWy Bkp-cm-
b-W-\nÂ\n-¶pw, Bkp-c m-b -W ³ bmkvI-\nÂ\n-¶pw,
Bkp-cm-b-W³ ss{XhÀ®n-bnÂ\n-¶pw, ss{XhÀ®n Hu]- c­mw {_ÒWw
P-Ôn-\n-bnÂ\n-¶pw, Hu]-P-Þn\n Bkq-cn-bnÂ\n-¶pw,
Bkqcn `mc-Zzm-P-\nÂ\n-¶pw, `mc-Zzm-P³ At{X-b\ - nÂ\n- 3. D]þ {Xbmx {]mP-] Xymx {]Pm- ] Xu ]nXcn
¶pw, At{X-b³ am­n-bnÂ\n-¶pw, am­n KuX-a-\nÂ\n- {_Ò-NÀb-`q-jpÀtZhm a\pjzm Akpcm Djn Xzm
¶pw, KuX-a³ KuX-a-\nÂ\n- ¶pw, KuX-a³ hmÕym-\nÂ\n- {_Ò-NÀb tZhm DuNpÀ{_-hoXp t\m `hm-\ nXn
¶pw, hmÕym³ imÞn-e y-\ nÂ\n-¶pw, imÞn-e y³ tXt`ym sslX-Z-£-c-ap-hmN Z CXn hymÚm-knãm
ssItim-cy-Im-]y-bnÂ\n-¶pw, ssItim-c-Im]y Ipam-c-lm-cn- CXn hymÚm-k n-j vtaXn tlmNpÀZm-a y-tXXn \
X-\nÂ\n-¶pw, Ipam-c-lm-cn-X³ Kme-h-\nÂ\n-¶pw, Kme-h³ Bt°-tXym-anXn tlm hmN hymÚm-kn-tã-Xn.
hnZÀ`o-Iu-Þn-\y-\nÂ\n-¶pw, hnZÀ_o-Iu-Þn-\y³ hÕ- tZh-·mÀ, a\p-jyÀ, Akp-cÀ, {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS Cu ]p{X-
\-]m-Z-_m-`q-h\ - nÂ\n-¶pw, hÕ-\-]m-Z-_m-`q-h³ ]Ùm-ku- ·mÀ ]nXm-hmb {]Pm-]-Xn-bpsS ASp-¡Â {_Ò-Ncy A\p-
`-c-\nÂ\n-¶pw, ]Ùm-ku-`-c³ AbmkyAwKn-c-ÊnÂ\n- jvTn-¨p. {_Ò-N-cym-{hXw Ign-ª-t¸mÄ tZh-·mÀ ]d-ªpþ
¶pw, Bbmky AwKo-cÊv B`q-Xn-Xz-ã-\nÂ\n-¶pw, B`q- A§v R§Ä¡p-]-tZiw \ÂIn-bmepw {]Pm- ]Xn Ah-tcmSv
Xn-Xz-ã³ hniz-cq-]-Xz-ã-\nÂ\n¶pw hniz-cq-]-Xz-ã³ Ain- Z F¶ A£cw ]d-ªp-sIm­v tNmZn¨p a\-Ênemtbm?
hn-\n-Ip-am-c-·m-cnÂ\n-¶pw, Aizn-\n-Ip-am-c-·mÀ Z[y-§m- AXn-\-hÀ adp-]Sn ]d-ªpþ a\-Ên-em-bn, A§v R§-tfmSv
YÀhÀW\nÂ\n-¶pw, Z[y-§m-YÀhÀW³ AYÀhm-tZ-h- Za\w sN¿p F¶mWv ]d-ªXv At¸mÄ {]Pm-]-Xn, icn
\nÂ\n-¶pw, AYÀhm-tZ-h³ arXyp-{]m-[zw-k-\-\nÂ\n-¶pw, \n§Ä {Kln-¨n-cn-¡p¶p F¶p ]d-R-A-Rp.
arXyp-{]m-[zw-k-\³ {]m[zw-k-\ -nÂ\n¶pw, {]m[zw-k³
GIÀjn-bnÂ\n-¶pw, GIÀjn hn{]-Nn-¯n-bnÂ\n-¶ pw,
4. D]þ AY ssl\w a\pjym DuNpÀ{_-h oXp
hn{]-Nn¯n Xymãn-bnÂ\n-¶pw, Xvbã v n k\m-cp-hnÂ\n-¶pw,
t\m `hm-\nXn tXt`ym sslX-tZ-hm-£-c-ap-hmN
k\mcp k\m-X- \- \nÂ\n-¶pw, k\m-X-\³ k\- K-\nÂ\n- ¶pw,
Z CXn hyÚ-knãm CXn hyÚ-k n-jvtaXn
k\-K³ ]c-ta-ãn-bnÂ\n-¶pw, ]c-taãn {_Òm-hnÂ\n¶pw
tlmNpÀZ-t¯Xn \ Bt°-t Xym-anXn tlmhm
Cu hnZy {]m]n-¨p. {_Òmhv kzbw-`q-hm-Ip-¶p, {_Òm-
NX hyÚm-kn-tãXn
hns\ \a-kI v -cn-¡p-¶p. A\-´cw {]Pm-]-Xn-tbmSv a\p-jyÀ ]dªp:þ A§v
R§Ä¡p-]-tZiw \ÂIn-bmepw Ah-tcmSv {]Pm-]Xn Z
F¶ A£cw Xs¶ ]d-ªp-sIm­v tNmZn¨p F´m a\-
A©m- a-²ymbw Ên-emtbm? a\p-jyÀ adp-]Sn ]d-ªpþ A§v R§-tfmSv
H¶mw {_mÒWw Zm\w sN¿p-hm³ ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. icn \n§Ä a\-Ên-em-
¡n-bn-cn-¡p¶p F¶v {]Pm-]Xn ]d-ªp.
1. D]- þ Hmw ]qÀW- a Zx ]qÀW- a nZw ]qÀWmXv
]qÀW- a p- Z - N y- t X, ]qÀWky ]qÀW- a m- Z mb 5. D]þ AY ssl\-a-kpcm DuNpÀ{_-hoXp t\m
]qÀW-tahm hinjytX. `hm-\nXn tXt`ym sslX-tZ-hm-£ -c -ap-hmN Z

N P
 342

I CXn hyÚ m- k nãm CXn hyÚ mkntjy Ah³ AkXv (A- `m- h-`q-Xw) Bbn ]cn- W-an-¡p-¶p. bmsXm- K
XntlmNpÀZ- b [z- a nXn \ Bt°- t Xym- a nXn cp-¯³ Cu al-¯mb b£-s\, (]q-Pv\o-b³) {]Y-a-ambn
tlmhmN hyÚm-kn-tãXn XtZ-X -tZ-s shjm DÛ-hn-¨-hs\ kXy-{_-Òs¯ C{]-Imcw a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p-
ssZho hmK-\-h-ZXn kvX\-bn-Xv\pÀZ Z Z CXn thm, Ah\v D]-tcm- à-§- fmb ^e- §Ä e`y- am- Ip-¶p. F´p-
ZmayX Z¯ Zb- [ z- a nXn XtZ- X Xv {XbHmw sIm-s­- ¶m {_Òw kXyw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p.
int£±aw Zm\w Zbm-an-Xn.
]n¶oSv Akp-c-·mÀ {]Pm-]-Xn-tbmSv ]d-ªpþ A§v A©mw {_mÒWw
R§Ä¡p-]-tZiw \ÂIn-bm-epw. Ah-tcmSpw Z F¶
A£cw ]d- ªp-sIm­v {]Pm-]Xn tNmZn¨p a\-Ên-emtbm? 8. D]x B] Gth-Z-a{K Bkq-cXm B]x kXya
F¶v. R§Ä¡p a\Ên-embn AhÀ ]d-ªp, A§p R§- krP´ kXyw {_Ò {]P-m]Xnw {]Pm-] -XnÀ
tfmSp Zb-hp-Åh-cm-Ip-hm³ ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ tZhHmw kvtX tZhm kXy-tathm ]mktX XtZ
{]Pm- ]Xn \n§Ä {Kln-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p F¶v ]d- ªp. B {]Pm- XXv {Xy£-c -Hmw-k -Xy-anXn k CtXy-I -a-£cw
]XnbpsS A\p-i m-k -\ s¯ taL-K ÀÖ-\ -c q-] n-b mb XotXy-I-a-£-cw ban-tXy-I-a-£cw {]Y-tam-¯ta
hmKvtZhn C¶p Z Z Z F¶v ]cn-`m-j-s¸-Sp-¯n-s¡m-­n-cn- A£tc kXyw a[ytXm -f \rXw XtZ-X-Z-\r-X-
¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv Za\w sN¿q, Zm\w sN¿q, Zb sN¿q ap` bXx ktXy\ ]cn-Kr-l oX Hmw kXy-` q-b-
F¶v. AXn-\m Zam, Zm\w, Zb Cu aq¶pw A`y-kn-¡p- tah `hXn ss\hw hnZzm Hmw ka-\ rX Hmw
hn³. ln\-k vX n.
Cu hyà-amb PK¯v BZyw Pew-Xs¶ Bbn-cp-¶p.
B Pew kXys¯ krãn-¨p. AXn-\m kXyw {_Ò-am-
aq¶mw {_mÒWw Ip-¶p. {_Òw {]Pm-]Xn-tb-bpw, {]Pm-]Xn tZh-It- fbpw
6. D]x Gj {]Pm-]-XnÀbZv lrZ-b-ta-XZv {_ssÒ krãn-¨p. B tZh-KWw kXy-s¯-Xs¶ D]m-kn-¡p-¶p.
XXv kÀh XtZ-XXv {Xy£-c-Hmw-lr-Zb - -anXn lr Cu kXyw aq¶-£-c-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-Wv. "k' Hc-£-cw,
CtXy-I-a-£-c-a-`n-l-c´ykvssa kzmÝmt\y Nb "Xo' Hc-£-cw, "bw' CXv Hc-£wcw Ch- bn {]Y- ahpw A´n-
Ghw thZ Z CtXy-I-a-£cw ZZ-Xykvssa kzm a-hp-amb A£-c-§Ä kXyhpw a[y-¯n-teXv A\r-X-hp-am-
Ýt\y N b Ghw thZ ban-tXy-I-a-£-c-taXn Ip-¶p. AXv, Cu A\rXw c­p `mK-¯p-\n¶pw kXy-
kzÀK temIw b Ghw thZ ¯m ]cn-Kr-lo-X- am-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m CXv kXy-_- lpew
Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-¶-hs\ A\r-Xw(-A-k-
bmsXm¶v lrZ-b- am-Ip- ¶p-thm, AXv {]Pm- ]-Xn- bm-Ip- ¶p. Xyw)-sIm- Ãp-¶n-Ã.
CXp {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p, CXv kÀÆ-hp-am-Ip-¶p. Cu lrZbw
aq¶-£-c-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb \ma-am-Ip-¶p. lr CXv Hc- £-cw. 9. D]þ XZv b¯Xv kXy-aku k BZntXym b
bmsXm-cp-¯³ C{]-Imcw a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p-thm, Ah-\p- Gj GX-kvan³ aÞte ]pcptjm bÝmbw
th­n kz P\-§-fpw, aäp P\-§fpw _en-ka - À¸n-¡p-¶p. Z£ntW -f £³ ]pcp-j-kvXm-th-Xm-h-t\ym\y
Z CXv Hc-£- cw. bmsXm-cp- ¯³ C{]-Imcw {Kln-¡p- ¶pthm kv a n³ {]Xn- j v T nXu civ a n- ` n- t c- t jm- k v a n³
Ah\v kz P\-§epw aäp-Å-hcpw _en kaÀ¸n-¡p-¶p. bw {]Xnjv T nx {]mssW- c - b - a p- j v a n³ k btZm-
CXv aq¶m-as¯ A£-c-am-Ip-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ C{]- Imcw Xv { Ianjy³ `hXn ip²- t a- s sh- X - · - Þ ew
{Kln-¡p-¶p-thm, Ah³ kzÀ¤-tem-I-¯n-te¡p t]mIp- ¶p. ]iyXn ss\\-tatX civabx {]Xym-b´n
bmsXm¶p kXy-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, AXv Cu BZn-Xy-
\m-Ip-¶p. bmsXm-¶v Cu BZn-Xy-a-Þ-e¯ - n ]pcp-j-\m-
\memw {_mÒWw bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, bmsXm¶v Z£n-W-t\-{X- ¯n ]pcp-j-\m-
7. D]x XZv ssh XtZ-X-tZh XZmk kXy-tah k bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, AhÀ Cu c­p ]cp-j· - mcpw H¶v a-säm-
tbm sslXw alZv b£w {]Y-aPw thZkXyw ¶n {]Xn-jvTn-am-Ip-¶p. BZn-Xy³ civan-IÄ hgn-bmbn
{_tÒXn Pb-Xo-amw-tÃm-Im-RvPnX C¶zm-km-hZy Nm£pj-]p-cp-j-\n {]Xn-jvT n-X -\pw,-Nm-£ p-j-]p-cp-j³
Gh- ta-X -· -l Zv b£w {]Y-aPw thZ kXyw {]mW³h-gn-bmbn AXn {]Xn-jvTn-X\pw BIp-Ibpw
{_tÒXn kXy Hmw tlyh-{_Ò sN¿p-¶p. bmsXmcp kabw Ch³ (Nm-£p-j] - p-cp-j³)
DXv{I- aWw sN¿p- hm³ XpS- §p- ¶pthm At¸mÄ Ah³ Cu
bmsXm¶v kXyw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p-thm, B lrZ-b-amb
aÞ-es¯ ip²-am-bn-Xs¶ ho£n-¡p-¶p. ]n¶oSv Cu
{_Òw-Xs¶ kXy-am-Ip-¶p. Bcv Cu al-¯mb (]q-Py)
civan-IÄ Chsâ ASp-¡-te¡v Xncn-¨p-h-cp-¶n-Ã.
b£-s\, {]Y-a-ambn DÛ-hn-¨-hs\ CXp kXy-{_-Ò-am-
Ip¶p F¶v a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p-t]m, Ah³ Cu temI-§sf 10. D]þ b Gj GX- k v a n³ aÞte ]pcp- j -
Iog-S-¡p-¶p. Ahsâ i{Xp-¡Ä Ah-\-[o-\-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. kvXky `qcnXn inc GIHmw inc GI-ta-X-Z-
N P
 343
I £cw `ph CXn _mlq Zzu _mlq tZz GtX
A£tc kzcnXn {]XnjvTm tZz {]XnjvtT tZz
GtX A£ tc Xtkym-]-\ n-j -Z-l-cnXn l´n
]m]vam\w PlmXn N b Ghw thZ
Cu aÞ-e-¯n bmsXm-cp-¯³ Cu ]pcp-j-\m-bn-cn-
¡p-¶p-thm, Ahsâ `q Cu icn-Êm-Ip¶p; incÊv GI-am-
Ip¶p; Cu A£-chpw GI-am-Ip-¶p. `qh CXv `qP-am-Ip-
¶p, `qP-§Ä c­m-Ip¶p Cu A£-c-§epw c­m-Ip-¶p.
kzx CXv {]XnjvT (N-cW- w)-bm-Ip-¶p. {]XnjvT (N-cW
- w)
c­m-Ip-¶p, Cu A£-c-§fpw c­m-Ip-¶p. Alc CX-
hsâ D]-\n-j¯m (Kq-V-\m- aw) Ip¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ C{]-
Imcw a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p-thm, Ah³ ]m]s¯ sImÃp-I-bpw,
AXns\ XyPn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
11. D]þ tbm -f bw Z£ntW - f £³ ]pcp- j -
kvXky `qcnXn inc GIHmw inc GI-ta-X-Z-
£cw `ph CXn _mlq Zzu _mlq tZz GtX
A£tc kzcnXn {]XnjvTm tZz {]Xn-jvtT tZz
GtX A£tc Xtkym-] -\ n-j -Z-l -anXn l´n
]m]vam\w PlmXn N b Ghw thZ.
bmsXm-cp-¯³ Cu Z£n- W-t\-{X-¯nsâ ]pcp-j-\m-bn-
¯o-cp-¶p-thm, Ahsâ `qx Cu inc-Êm-Ip-¶p, incÊv GI-
am-Ip¶p Cu A£-chpw GI-am-Ip-¶p. `qhx CXv `pP-am-
Ip-¶p. `pP-§Ä c­m-Ip-¶p, Cu A£-c-§epw c­m-Ip-
¶p. kz CXv {]Xn-jvT-bm-Ip-¶p, {]XnjvT (N-c-Ww) c­m-
Ip-¶p, Cu A£-c-§fp c­m-Ip-¶p. Alw CXv Ahsâ
D]-\n-j-¯m(-Kq-V-\m-aw)-Ip¶p; bmsXm-cp-¯³ C{]-Imcw
a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p-thm, Ah³ ]m]s¯ \in-¸n-¡p-¶p.
AXns\ Dt]-£n-¡p-¶p.
Bdmw {_mÒWw
12. D]þ at\m- a tbm - f bw ]pcptjm `mxkXy-
kvXkvan¶´Àlr-Ztb bYm {holnÀhm bthm
hm k Gj kÀh-tky-im\x kÀh-kym-[n-]Xnx
kÀh anZw {]imkvXn bZnZw In©
bmsXm-cp- ¯sâ kXyw (kz-cq-]w) {]Imcw Xs¶- bm- bm-
Ip-¶p-thm, A§n-s\-bpÅ Cu ]pcp-j³ at\m-a-b-\m-Ip-
¶p. Ah³ B A´Àlr-Z-b-¯n [m\ytambhtam BIp-
¶p, A{X henb Af-thm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\m-Ip-¶p. Ah³ FÃm-
]¯mw {_mÒWw
¯n-tâbpw A[n-]-Xn-bpw, kzman-bp-am-Ip-¶p, AXp-t]m-se- 16. D]þ bZm ssh ]pcptjm -f kvamtÃm-ImXv t{]
Xs¶ Fs´-Ãm-apt­m Ah-sb-Ãm-¯n- t\-bpw D¡Àj-
t¯m-Sp-IqSn `cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
Ggmw {_mÒWw
13. D]þ hnZypZv {_tÒ-X ym-l pÀhn-Zm-\mZv hnZypZv
hnZy-tXy\w ]m]va t\m b Ghw thZ hnZypZv
{_tÒXn hnZypZvt`y h {_Ò
N P
K
hnZypXv {_Ò-am-Ip¶p F¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. hnZm\w (J-
Þ-\tam hn\m-i-tam) \S-¯p-¶Xp ImcWw hnZyp-¯m-bn-
cn-¡p-¶p. bmsXm-cp-h³ hnZyp¯v {_Ò-am-Ip¶p F¶v a\-
Ên-em-¡p-¶p-thm, Ah³ Cu Bßm-hnsâ {]Xn-Iq-e`- q-X-
amb ]m]-§sf \in-¸n-¡p-¶p, F´p-sIm-s­-¶m hnZyp-
¯p-Xs¶ {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p.
F«mw {_mÒWw
14. D]þ hmNw t[\p- a p-j m- k oX Xky- Ý - X zmcx
kvX\mx kzmlm-Imtcm hj-SvImtcm l´-Imcx
kz[m-Im-c-kvXssky Zzu kvX\u tZhm D]-Po-
h´n kzmlm-Imcw N hj-SvImcw N l´-Imcw
a\p jymx kz[m-Imcw ]nX-c-k vXkym {]mW
Ejt`m at\m hÕx
hmIvcq-]-amb t[\p-hns\ D]m-kn-¡-s«. AXn\v kzmlm-
Imcw hj-SvImcw l´- Im- cw, kzm[m-Imcw F¶n-§s\ \mep
kvX\§-fp-­v. AXnsâ c­p kvX\-§-fmb kzmlm-Im-c-
¯n-tâbpw hj-SvIm-c-¯n-tâbpw D]-Po-hn-IÄ tZh-K-W-§-
fm-Ip-¶p. l´-Im-c-¯nsâ D]-Po-hn- a\p-jy-cpw, kzm[m-Im-
c- ¯nsâ ]nXr- ¡-fp-am-Ip- ¶p. B t[\p-hnsâ {]mW³ hrj-
`-hpw, a\Êv hÕhpw BIp-¶p.
H³]Xmw {_mÒWw
15. D]þ Ab-a-á nÀssh-i zm-\ tcm tbm -f ba´x
]pcptj tbt\-Z-a¶w ]NytX bZn-Z-a-ZytX X
sskyj tLmtjm `hXn bta-XXv IÀWmh
hn[mb irtWmXn k btZm-Xv{I-an-jy³ `h-Xn
ss\\w tLmj Hmw irtWm-Xn.
bmsXm¶v Cu ]pcp-jsâ DÅn ØnX-sN-¿p-¶pthm
AXv sshizm-\-cm-án- bm- Ip-¶p. X³aqew Ch³ A¶w `£n-
¡p-I-bpw, ]mI-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Cu Dd¨ i_vZw
AXn-tâ-Xm-Ip-¶p. AXns\ ]pcp-j³ sNhn-b-S¨p {ihn-¡p-
¶p. ]pcp-j³ DXv{I-aWw sN¿p¶ ka-b¯v Cu tLmjw
{ihn-¡- s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã.
Xn k hmbp-am-K-OXn Xkvssa k X{X hnPn
lotX XYm cY-N-{Iky Jw tX\ k DuÀ[z
B{IatX k BZn- X y-a m-\ -O Xn Xkvs sa k
X{X hnPn-lotX bYm eav_-cky J tX\ k
DuÀ[z B{I-atX k N{µ-a-k-am-K-OXn Xkvssa
kX{X hnPn-lotX bYm Zpµpt`x Jw tX\ k
DuÀ[z B{I-atX k temI-am-K-O -X y-tim-I -a-
lnaw Xkvan³ hkXn imizXo; kamx.
 344
I Cu ]pcp-j³ Cu temI-¯nÂ\n¶pw acn-¨p-t]m-Ip¶
kabw AXv hmbp-hns\ {]m]n-¡p¶p. AhnsS B hmbp
Ah-\p-th­n On{Z-bp-Ia v m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p-þ-h-gn-am-dn-s¡m-Sp-¡p-
¶p. AXv F§-s\-sb-¶m cY-N-{I-§-fpsS Zzmcw-t]m-se-
X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. AXp-hg- n-bmbn Ah³ apI-fn-te-bv¡p-b-
cp-¶ p. Ah³ kqcytem-I -¯n F¯p-¶p. AhnsS
kqcy³ Ah-\mbn ap³t]m-se-bpÅ On{Z-cp-]-amb amÀ¤w
\ÂIp-¶p. AXv ew_cw F¶ hmZy-¯nsâ Zzmcw-t]m-se-
bp-Å- Xm-Ip-¶p. AXn¡qSn Ah³ DuÀ[z-`m-K-t¯-bv¡p-
b-cp-¶p. Ah³ N{µ-tem-I-¯n-se-¯p-¶p. AhnsS N{µ\pw
Ah-\p-th­n On{Z-bp-à-amb amÀ¤w \ÂIp-¶p. AXv
GXm­v Zpµp-`n-bpsS Zzmcw-t]m-ep-ÅX - m-Ip-¶p. AXp-h-gn-
bmbn Ah³ apI-fn-tebv¡p Ib-dp-¶p. Ah³ timI-c-
ln-X-\mb imco-cnI ZpxJc-ln-X-amb temI-¯n F¯p-
Ibpw AhnsS \nXy-ambn B\-µh - Àj-§-Ä hsc, AXm-
bXv At\Iw {_Ò-I¸-§Ä hsc hkn-¡p-¶p.
]Xn-s\m¶mw {_mÒWw
17. D]x GXZv ssh ]caw Xt]m b{Z hymln-XkvX
]ytX ]ca Hmw sslh temIw PbXn b Ghw
thssZ-XZv ssh ]caw Xt]m bw t{]X-a-cWy
Hmw lc´n ]c-a-Hmw-sslh temIw PbXn b
G hw ths sZ- X Zv s sh ]c aw X t] m bw
t{]Xaámh-`ym-Z-aXn ]ca Hmw sslh temIw
PbXn b Ghw thZ.
hym[n-{K-kvX\ - mb ]pcp-j\v bmsXmcp Xm]w D­m-Ip-
¶p-thm, AXv \nÝ-b-ambpw ]c-a-amb X]-am-Ip¶p; Bcv
C{]-Imcw a\-Ên-em- ¡p-¶p-thm, Ah³ ]c-a-tem- Is¯ Iog-
S-¡p¶p. arX-]p-cp-js\ Bcv h\-¯n-tebv¡p sIm­p-t]m-
Ip-¶p-thm, AXv \nÝ-b-ambpw ]c-a-X-]a- m-Ip-¶p. bmsXm-
cp-¯³ C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Ah³ ]c-tem-I-s¯-
Xs¶ Pbn-¡p-¶p. acn¨ a\p-jys\ GsXÃmw {]I-c-¯nÂ
Hcp-¯³ Aán-bn hbv¡p-¶p-thm, AXv \nÝ-b-ambpw
]c-a-X-]-am-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw {Kln-¡p-¶hsâ ]c-a-tem-
Is¯ Xs¶ hnP-bn-¡p-¶p.
]{´­mw {_mÒWw
18. D]x A¶w {_Ò- t XyI Alp- k v X ¶ XYm
]qbXn hm A¶-artX {]mWmXv {]mtWm {_
tÒXyI Blp- k v X ¶ XYm ipjyXn ssh
{]mW EtX f- ¶mtZtX l tXzh tZhtX GI-
[m-`qbw `qXzm ]c-aXmw KO-X-kvX² kvaml
{]mXrZx ]n Xcw In Hmw kzntZ-sshhw hnZptj
km[p IpÀbm Ita-h mkvam Akm[p IpÀbm-
anXn k l kvaml ]mWn\m am {]mXrZ IkvtXz-
\-tbm-tc-I -[ m-` qbw `qXm ]c-aXmw KO-X oXn
Xkvam D sslX-Zp-hmN hoXy¶w ssh hyt¶
N P
loam\n kÀhmWn `qXm \n hnãm\n canXn K
{]mtWm ssh cw {]mtW loam\n kÀhmWn
`qXm\n cat´ kÀhmWn l hm Akv an³
`qXm\n hni´n kÀhmWn `qXm \n cat´ b
Ghw thZ
A¶w {_Ò-am-sW¶v NneÀ ]d-bp-¶p, F¶m AXp
icn-bÃ; F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m {]mW\n-sÃ-¦n A¶w Agp-
In-t¸m-Ip-¶p. {]mW³ {_Ò-am-Ip¶p F¶v NneÀ ]d-bp-
¶p, F¶m AXpw icn-b-Ã, F´p-sIm-s­-¶m A¶-
an-sÃ- ¦n {]mW³ ipjvIn-¨p- t]m- Ip-¶p. F¶m Cu c­p
tZh-Ifpw GI-cq-]s¯ {]m]n¨v ]c-a-`m-h¯ - n-se-¯p-¶p.
C{]-Imcw \nÝ-bn¨p sIm­v {]mXr-Z-a-lÀjn Xsâ ]nXm-
hn-t\mSv ]d-ªpþ C{]-Imcw {Kln-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-hÀ¡v Rm³
ip`w sN¿-W-tam, AYhm Aip`w sN¿-Wtam? (F-´p-
sIm-s­-¶mÂ, IrX- Ir- Xy- \m- bXp ImcWw BÀ¡pw Ah³
ip`hpw Aip-`hpw sN¿p-hm³ km[n-¡p-¶n-Ã) ]nXmhp
]dªp:þ {]mXrZ! A§ns\ ]d-b-cp-Xv. Cu c­n³tcbpw
GI- ]-cq- ]s¯ {]m]n- ¨n«v BcmWv ]c- a-Xzs¯ {]m]n- ¡p- ¶Xv?
AXn- \m Ah-t\mSv At±lw (]n- Xm-h)v hn F¶p ]d-ªp.
hn Xs¶ A¶-am- Ip-¶p. hnþ-cq- ]-amb A¶- ¯nÂXs¶ Cu
FÃm `qX-§fpw {]hn-ã-am-Ip-¶p. cw CXv {]mW-\m-Ip-¶p,
F´p-sIm-s­-¶m cw AXm-bXv {]mW-\n Xs¶ Cu
FÃm `qX-§fpw can-¡p-¶p. Bcv C{]-Imcw a\-Ên-em-¡p-
¶pthm Ah-\n Cu FÃm `qX-§epw {]hn-ã-am-Ip-I-bpw,
FÃm `qX- §fpw Ah-\n can-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
]Xn-aq¶mw {_mÒWw
19. D]þ DIvvYw {]mtWm hm DIvvYw {]mtWm loZ
Hmw kÀh- a p- ° m- ] - b - X yp- ² m- k v a m- Z p- I v Y - h nZv
hockvX njpXyp-I vY ky kmbqPy Hmw ktem-
IXmw PbXn b Ghw thZP
DIvYw C{]- Imcw {]mWs\ D]m- kn- ¡- s«. {]mW³ Xs¶
DIvY-am-Ip-¶p. F´p-sIm-s­-¶m {]mW³ Xs¶ Cu
FÃm-¯n-t\bpw D°m\w sN¿n-¡p-¶p. Cu D]m-k-I-
\nÂ\n¶pw DIvY-th-¯m-hmb ]p{X³ P\n-¡p-¶p. bmsXm-
cp-¯ ³ C{]-I mcw D]m-k \ \S¯p¶p-thm, Ah³
{]mWsâ kmbq-Pyhpw kmtem-Iyhpw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
20. D]þ bPqx {]mtWm ssh bPqx {]tWm loam
\n kÀhmWn `qXm\n bpPyt´ bpPyt´ lm
kvssa kÀhmWn `qXm\n ss{ijvTymb bPpjx
kmbqPy Hmw ktem-IXmw PbXn b Ghw thZ.
bPq C{]-Imcw {]mWs\ D]m-kn-¡-s«. {]mW³ Xs¶
bPq-km-Ip-¶p, F´p-sIm- s­- ¶m {]mW-\n Xs¶ Cu
FÃm `qX-§fpw kt½-fn-¡p-¶p. FÃm `qX-§epw CXnÂ
t{ijvT-Xz-¯m CXp-ambn kwbp-à-am-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw
D]m-k\ \S-¯p-¶-h³ bPq-knsâ kmbq-Pyhpw kmtem-
Izhpw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
 345
I 21. D]þ kma {]mtWm ssh kma {]mtW loam
\ n kÀ hmW n `qX m\ n k ay© n kay© n
lmkv s sa kÀhmWn `qXm\n ss{ijv T ymb
Iev]t´ kmav\x kmbqPy Hmw ktem-I°w
PbXn b Ghw thZ.
- kmaw C{]-Imcw {]mWs\ D]m-kn- ¡- s«. {]mW³ Xs¶
kma-am-Ip¶p; F´p-sIm-s­¶m {]mW-\n Xs¶ Cu
FÃm `qX-§fpw kpkw-K-X-am-bn-cn- ¡p-¶p. FÃm `qX-§epw
AXn-\p-th­n kpkw-K-X-am-Ip¶p. FÃm `qX-§fpw A-Xn-
\p-th­n kpkw-K-X-am-Ip-Ibpw AXnsâ t{ijvT-X-b¡ v p-
th­n kaÀ°-§ - f m-I p-I bpw sN¿p- ¶ p. C{]- I mcw
kmas¯ D]m-kn-¡p-¶-h³ AXnsâ kmbq-Py-t¯-bpw,
kmtem-Iy-t¯bpw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
22. D]þ £{Xw {]mtWm ssh £{Xw {]mtWm ln
s s h £ {X w {X mbtX s s l \ w {] mW x
IWntXmx {] £{¯-a-{X-am-]vt\mXn £Xv{Xky
kmbqPy Hmw ktem-IXmw PbXn b Ghw thZ
{]mW³ £{Xn-b-am-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw {]mWs\ D]m-kn-
¡q. {]mW³ £{X-am-Ip-¶p. {]mW³Xs¶ £{X-am-Ip¶p
F¶Xv {]kn-² -a m-I p-¶ p. {]mW³ Cu tZh-¯ ns\
ikv{XmZn P\n-X-§-fmb £X-§-fnÂ\n¶pw c£n-¡p-¶p.
A{X-þ-a-äm-cnÂ\n¶pw {XmW\w e`n-¡m¯ £{Xw ({]m-
W³)s¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Bcv C{]-Imcw D]m-k\ \S-¯p-
¶p-thm, Ah³ £{X-¯nsâ kmbq-Pyhpw kmtem-Iyhpw
{]m]n-¡p-¶p.
]Xn-¶memw {_mÒWw
23. D]þ `qan-c -´ -an£w `ucn-Xy-ãm-h-£ -c m-Wzãm
£c- H mwl h GIw Kmbss{Xy ]Z- t a- X Zp
sslhm ky GXXv k bmh- t Zjp {Xnjp
temtIjp Xm h² PbXn tbm -f kym GX-
tZhw ]Zw thZ
`qan, A´-co-£w, tZymhv Ch F«-£-c-§-fm-Wv. F«-
£- c-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXp Xs¶-bmWv Kmb-{Xn-bpsS Hcp ({]-
Y-a) ]mZw. CXp-Xs¶ (`qan apX- em-b-h) Cu Kmb-{Xn-bpsS
{]Y-a-]m-Z-am-Ip-¶p. C{]-Imcw CXnsâ Cu ]Zs¯ Bc-dn-
bp-¶p-thm, Ah³ Cu {Xntem-I§ - -fn Fs´Ãmw Dt­m
Ahsb FÃmw Iog- S-¡p-¶p.
24. D]- þ -E tNm bPqwjn kmam-\ o- X y- ã m-h - £ cm
Wyã-£-cHmw l hm GIw Kmbss{Xy ]Z-taX
Zp s s l hmk ym G X X v k bmh- X obw
{XbohnZym Xmh² PbXn tbm -f kym GX-
tZhw ]Zw thZ.
ENm, bPqw-jn, kmam-\nþ Ch F«-£-c- §-fm-Ip-¶p. F«-
£- c-§-tem-Iq-Sn-bn-XmWv Kmb-{Xn-bpsS Hcp (Zzn-Xo-b) ]mZw.
CXp (E-¡m-Zn) Xs¶ Cu Kmb-{Xn-bpsS ZznXob ]mZ-am-Ip-
N P
¶p. Bcv C{]-Imcw CXnsâ Cu ]mZs¯ Adn-bp-¶p-thm, K
Ah³ {Xbo-hnZy F´p-am{Xw Dt­m (A-Xm-bXv {Xbo-hn-
Zy¡v F´p-am{Xw ^e-ap-t­m) Ahsb FÃmw Pbn-s¨-Sp-
¡p-¶p.
25. D]þ {]mtWm -f ]mt\m hym\ CXy-ãm-h-£cm
§yãm-£cHmw l hm GIw Kmbss{Xy ]Zta
X Zp s s l hmk y G X X v k bmh- Z nZw
{]mWnXmh² PbXn tbm -f kym GX-tZhw
]Zw thZmYmky GX-tZh Xpcobw ZÀi\w ]Zw
]tcm-cPmb Gj X]Xn bZv ssh NXpÀY XXv
Xpcobw ZÀi\w ]Z-a nXn ZZri Ch tlyj
]tcm-c Pm CXn kÀhap tlysshj cP D]-
cyp-] cn X]tXyh Hmwsslh {iobm bikm
X]Xn tbm -f ky GX-tZhw ]Zw thZ.
{]mW³, A]m-\³, hym\³ Ch F«- £- c-§-fm-Ip¶p
F«-£- c-§-tfm-Ip-Sq-In-S-bmWv Kmb-{Xn-bpsS Hcp (Xr-Xo-b)
]mZw. Kmb-{Xn-bpsS XrXo-b] - mZw Cu {]mWm-Zn-IÄX-s¶-
bm-Ip-¶p. Bcv Kmb-{Xn-bpsS Cu ]mZs¯ C{]-Imcw a\-
Ên-em-¡p- ¶pthm Ah³ FÃm Poh-Pm-e- §-sfbpw Iog-S¡n
`cn-¡p-¶ p. AXp-t]mse bmsXm¶v X]n¨p ({]-Im-i n-
¨p)sIm­n-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, AXp-Xs¶ Chsâ Xpco-b-hp,
ZÀi-Xhpw ]tcm-c-P-]-Zhpw BIp-¶p. GXv NXpÀY-am-Ip-¶p-
thm, AXn-s\-Xs¶ Xpco-b-sa¶p hnfn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. ZÀiXw
]Zw CXnsâ AÀ°w-þ(Cu BZn-Xy-a-Þ-eØ - -]p-cp-j³)
ImW-s¸-Sp-¶-Xp-t]mse (]-tcm-cPm CXnsâ AÀ°w) Cu
FÃm cPÊp (A-Xm-bXv FÃm temI-§-ep-tS-bpw) apI-fnÂ
hkn-¨p-sIm­v {]Im-in-X-am- Ip-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ Kmb-{Xn-
bpsS \memw-]Z- s¯ Adn-bp-¶p-h-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm,- A-
h³ C{]-ImcwXs¶ tim`-bmepw IoÀ¯n- bm-epw {]Im-in-
X-\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p.
26. D]þ sskjm Kmbt{XyXkvan Hmw kvXpcntb
ZÀitX ]tZ ]tcm- c - P kn {]Xn- j v T nXm XZv
sshXXv ktXy {]Xn-jvTnXw N£pÀssh kXyw
N£Àln ssh kXyw Xkv a mZv bZn- Z m\ow
Zzuhnh-Z -am-\ m-th-b m-X m-a-l -a-ZÀi-a-l - a-i zu-j -
anXnb Ghw {_qbm-Z-l-h-ZÀi-anXn Xkvam Gh
{i ² - [ yma X Zv s s h X X v k X yw _ te
{]XnjvTnXw {]mtWm ssh _ew XXv {]mtW
{]XnjvT nXw Xkva m-Zm-lpÀ_-e Hmw kXym-t`m-
Kob CtXyhw thjm Kmb-{Xy-[ ymßw {]Xn-
jvTnXm kmssljm Kbm-Hmw-kvXt{X {]mWm
ssh KbmkvX Xv {]mWm-Hmw-k vXt{X XZv bZv
Kbm Hmw kvX t{XXkvamZv Kmb{Xo \ma k
bmta-hm-apHmw kmhn{X-a-\zmssl sshj km
k bkvam A\zm l Xky {XmWm Hmw kv{Xmb-
tX.
Cu Kmb{Xn Cu NXpÀY-ZÀi-X-]-tcm-cPm ]Z-¯nÂ
{]Xn- jvTn-am-Ip¶p Cu ]Zw kXy-¯n {]Xn-jvTn-am-Ip-¶p.
 346

I N£pÊv Xs¶ kXy-am-Ip-¶p. N£p-Êp-Xs¶ kXy-am- ¡p-I bpw F{X-a m{Xw Pohn-I -f p-­ m-b n-c n-¡ p- ¶ pthm K
Ip¶p F¶p {]kn-²-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m c­p ]pcp-j- ·mÀ Ahsb bmsXm-cp-¯³ {]Xn-{K-ln- ¡p- ¶pthm AXv CXnsâ
Rm³ I­p Rm³ tI«p F¶n-{]-Imcw hnhmZw \S-¯p-I- Cu aq¶m-as¯ ]mZs¯ hym]vX- am-¡p-I-bpw, CXp-Xs¶
bm-sW-¦nÂ, Ah-cn Bcw Rm³ I­n-cn¡p¶p F¶p CXnsâ Xpco- b-ZÀi-Xhpw ]tcm-c-P-]-Z-hp-am- Ip-¶p. AXv X]n-
]d-bp-I-bm-sW-¦n Ah-s\-Xs¶ \ap¡p hniz-kn-¡mw. ¡p-¶p. AXv H¶n-\mepw {]m]y-am-Ip-¶n-Ã. F´p-sIm-s­-
B Xpco-b] - m-Z-¯nsâ B{i-b-`qXw kXy-_-e¯ - n {]Xn- ¶m C{]bpw {]Xn-{K-lWw BÀ¡v Fhn-sS-\n¶pw kzoI-
jvTn-X-am-Ip-¶p. {]mW³ Xs¶ _eamIp¶p; B kXyw cn-¡p-hm³ Ignbpw?
{]mW-\n {]Xn-jT v n-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m kXys¯ At]-
29. D]-þ-Xkym D]-Ø m\w Kmb-{Xym-tky-I-]-ZoZzn
£n¨v _ew HmP-kzn-bm-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p. C{]-Imcw Cu
]Zo-{Xn-] Zo NXp-j v] - Zy-] -Zkn \ ln ]Zytk
Kmb{Xn A²ym-ß -{]m-W -\ n {]Xn-jvTn-am-Ip-¶ p. Cu
\akvtX Xpco-bmb ZÀi-Xmb {]Zmb ]tcm-c-
Kmb{Xn hmKmZn {]mWs\ {XmWs\ sNbvXn-cp¶p; AXn-
Ptk f- kmhtZm am {]m]-ZnXn bw Zznjym-Z-km-
\m CXns\ Kmb{Xn F¶ t]cp-­mbn. BNm-cy³ F«p
hkva Imtam am kar-² oXn hm \ sslhm
hÀjs¯ hSp ({_-Ò-Nm-cn) hn\p-th-­n-bpÅ D]-\-b-\-k-
kvssa k Imax kar-[ytX bkvam Gh-ap-]-Xn-
a-b¯v GsXmcp kmhn-{Xn-bpsS D]-tZiw \ÂIn-bn-cp-¶p-
jvTtX f- laZx {]]-anXn hm.
thm, AXv ChÄX-s¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p, GsXÃmw {_Ò-Nm-cn-
IÄ¡v CXnsâ D]-tZiw \ÂIp-¶p-thm, CXv Ah-cp-sS- B Kmb-{Xn-bpsS D]-Øm-\wþ tl Kmb{Xo! \o (ss{X-
sbÃmw {]mWs\ c£n-¡p-¶p. tem-Iy-cq-]-amb {]Y-a-]m-Z¯ - mÂ) GI-]-Znbpw (aq¶p thZ-
cq-]-amb ZznXob ]mZ-¯nÂ) Zzn]m-Zbpw ({]m-W³, A]m-
27. D]þ Xm HmwsslXmtatI kmhn-{Xo-a-\p-ãp-`a
\³, hym\³ Cu aq¶p ]mX-§-fmÂ) {Xn]-Znbpw (Xr-Xo-b-
\zmlpÀhm-K-\ p-ãp-t_-X Zv hmN-a-\ p-{_qa CXn ]m- Z-¯m NXp-jv]-Znbpw (C- h-bvs¡Ãmw hncp-²-ambn \ncp-
\ XYm IpÀbmZv Kmb- { Xo- t ah kmhn- { Xo- a -
]m-[nI kzcq-]¯m \o) A]-Zbpw BIp¶p; F´p-sIm-
\p{_qbmZv bZn l hm At]yhm hnZv hlznh
s­-¶m \o Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶ n-Ã. AXn-\m hyh-lm-c-
{]XnKr-lvWmXn \ sslh XZv Kmb{Xym GIw
¯nsâ Ahn-jb - -`q-Xhpw AXp-t]mse kakvX temI-§-
N\ ]Zw {]Xn.
fnÂ\n¶pw D]-cn-bmbn hncm-Pn-¡p¶ \nsâ ZÀi-\o-ba- amb
NneÀ imJ-It- fm-Sp-Iqbn Cu A\p-jvSp¸v Oµ-tkm-Sp- Xpco-b-]-Zs¯ \a-k¡ v -cn-¡p-¶p. Cu ]m]-cq-]n-bmb i{Xp
Iq- Snb kmhn-{Xnsb D]-tZ-in-¡p-¶p. (Km-b{Xo Oµ-kn- epÅ (hn-Lv\m-N-c-W-cq-]-am-b) Cu Imcy-¯n k^-eX {]m]n-
kmhn-{Xnsb D]-tZ-in-¡msX A\p-ãp-]vO-µ-kn-epÅ kmhn- ¡m- Xn- cn- ¡- s«. C{]-Im-cw Ch³ (hn-Zzm³) bmsXm-¶s\ hntZz-
{Xnsb D]-tZ-in-¡p-¶p.) hm¡v A\p-jvSp-¸m-Ip-¶p. AXn- jn- ¡p-¶pthm Ahsâ B{K-l-§Ä ]qÀ®- am-Im- Xn-cn- ¡s«
\m R§Ä hm¡ns\ Xs¶ D]-tZ-in-¡p¶p F¶v AhÀ C{]-Imcw ]d-ªp-sIm­v D]-Øm\w sN¿-s«. BÀ¡p-
]d-bp-¶p. F¶m A§ns\ sN¿phm³ ]mSn-Ã. Kmb{Xo th­n C{]-Imcw D]-Øm\w sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶pthm Ahsâ
Oµ-Ên-epÅ kmhn-{Xnsb D]-tZ-in-¡s« C{]-Im-cw Adn- A`n-em-j-§Ä ]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶n-Ã. AsÃ-¦n Rm\o hkvXp-
bp-¶-h³ A[nIw {]Xn-{K-ln-bm-Ip-sa-¦n Ah³ Kmb- hns\ {]m]n¡pw F¶ B{K-l-t¯m-Sp-IqSn D]-Øm\w
{Xn- bpsS Hcp ]mZ-¯n\p Xpey³t]m-ep-am-Ip-hm³ km[n-¡p- sN¿-s«.
¶n-Ã.
30. D]x GX² ssh XÖ-\tIm sshtZtlm _p²n
28. D]þ k b CamHmw kv{XwtÃm-Im³ ]qÀWm³ eam-iz-Xm-cm-izn-ap-hmN b¶p tlm XZv Kmb{Xo
{]XnKr-lvWo-bmXv tkm -f kym GXXv {]Yaw hnZ-{aqYm IY-Hmw-l-kvXo-`qtXm hl-koXn apJ
]Z am]v\p-bmY bmh-Xobw {Xbo-hnZym bkvXm- Hmw lykymx k{am]v\ hnZmw-N -Im-tcXn tlm
hXv {]Xn-Kr-lvW o-b mXv tkm -f kym GXZv hmN Xkymx Aán-tch apJw bZn l hm A]n
ZznXobw ]Z-a m-] v\ p- b m- ZY bmh- ZoZw {]mWn _ l zn- h m- á m- h - ` ym- Z - [ X n k À Æ- t ah X X v
bkvXmhXv {]Xn-Kr-lvWo-bmXv tkm f- kym GX- kwZltXy- h Hmw sslssh- h w- h nZv bZy]n
¯Xobw ]Z- a m- ] v \ p- b m- Z - Y mk ym GX- t Zh _ l znh] m] w Ipc ptX k À Æ- t ah X X v
Xpcobw ZÀiXw ]Zw ]tcm-cPm b Gj X]Xn kw]vk mb ip² - f ]qtXm - f Ptcm - f arXx
ss\h tI\N-\ m]yw IrX D GXm-hXv {]Xn- kw`-h-X n.
KrlvWobmXv.
hntZ-l-P-\-I³ _pUn-e-A-iz- X-cm- izn-tbmSp tNmZn-¨p. \o
Bcv Cu aq¶p ]qÀ®-tem-I-§-tebpw {]Xn-{K-ln-¡p- kzbw Kmb-{Xo-X-Xz-th-¯m-sh¶p ]d-ªn-cp-¶p. ]ns¶(-{]-
¶pthm Ahsâ AXv ({]-Xn-{K-lw) Cu Kmb-{Xn-bpsS Cu Xn-{K-l-tZm-j-¯mÂ) B\-bm-bn«v `mcw-h-en-¡p-¶-sX-´p-
{]Ya ]Zs¯ hym]vX-am-¡p-Ibpw F{X-am{Xw CXp {Xbo- sIm­v? AXn\v Ah³ adp- ]Sn ]dªp. tl k{amt«! Rm³
hn- Zy-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶pthm AXns\ Bcv {]Xn-{K- ln-¡p-¶pthm AXnsâ apJw Adn-ªn- cp-¶n-Ã. At¸mÄ P\-I³ ]dªp:
AXv ({]-Xn-{K-lw) CXnsâ Cu ZznXo-b-]m-Zs¯ hym]vX-am- CXnsâ apJw Aán-bm-Ip-¶p. Bfp-IÄ Aán-bn IW-

N P
 347
I ¡n-ÃmsX CÔ\w CSp-I-bm-sW-¦nepw AXv Ah-sbÃmw
`kva-am-¡p-¶p. CXp-t]mse Cu Imcyw Adn-bp-¶-h³ hf-
sc-b[
- nIw ]m]w sN¿p-Ib - m-sW-¦n-epw, AXv Ah-sb-
sbÃmw `£-W-am¡n ip²-hpw, ]hn-{X-hpw, AP-c-hpw, Aa-
chpw Bbn-¯o-cp-¶p.
]Xn-\©mw {_mÒWw
31. D]x lnc-×-tb\ ]mt{XW kXy-kym-]n-lnXw
apJw, XXzw ]qj-¶ -] m-h rWp kXy-[ À½mb
Zrã tb, ]qj-t¶-IÀtj ba kqcy {]mPm-]Xy
hyql civa n³, kaq-l -t XtPm bt¯ cq]w
Ieym-W-Xaw Xt¯ ]iym-an, tbm -f kmhku
]pcpjx tkm f- la-k van, hmbp-c-\n-e-a-a r-X-a-
tYZw `kvam-´-Hmw-ico cw, Hmw {ItXm kvac
IrXHmw kvac IrtXm kvac IrX Hmw kvac,
Atá \b kp]Ym cmtb A kvam³ hnizm\n
tZh hbp-\ m\n hnZzm³ bptbm-[y-k va-Öq-l p-
cm-Wt- at\m `qanãmw tX \a-Dànw hnt[-a.
kXy-kwPvRI-amb {_Ò-¯nsâ apJw tPymXnÀ½-b-
amb ]m{X-¯m BOm-Zn-X- am-Ip-¶p. tl temI-c-£- I-\mb
kqcy-tZhm! \o AXn-s\, Rm\m-Ip¶ kXy-[À½-¯n-\p-
th­n AXns\ ZÀin-¡p-hm³ ]ngp-Xp-am-äq. tl ]qj³!
tl GÀtjm! tl bam tl kqcym! tl {]Pm-]Xn! A§-
bpsS Inc-W-§sf amäp-Ib - pw, tXP-Êns\ HXp-¡p-Ibpw
sN¿-W-ta, A§-bpsS bmsXmcp cq]w AXy´w Ieym-W-
a- b -a m-b n-c n-¡ p-¶ pthm AXns\ Rm³ ZÀin- ¡ p¶p.
GsXmcp¯³ BZn- Xy-a-Þ-e- Ø- ]p-cp-j-\m- bn-cn¡p-¶p- thm,
Rm\m-Ip¶ Ah³Xs¶ Aar-X-kz-cq-]-\m-Ip-¶p. Rm\m-
Ip¶ Aar-Xhpw AXp-t]mse kXy-kz-cq-]-hp-amb Bßm-
hnsâ ico-c-]mXw D­m-Ip-¶-Xn-\p-ta Cu ico-c-¯nsâ
DÅnepÅ {]mW-hmbp Cu _mly-hm-bp-hns\ {]m]n-¡-
tW. AXp-t]mse Cu icocw `kvam-ht- i-j-ambn `qansb
{]m]n-¡-tW. tl {]mW- cq- ]\pw at\m- a-b-{I-Xp- cq- ]\pw Bb
Aán-tZhm! bmsXm¶p kvacWm tbmKy-am-Ip-¶pthm
AXns\ kvacn-¡-tW. Rm³ F´p sNbvXpthm AXns\
kvacn-¡-tW. sNbvXn-«p-Å-hsb kvacn-¡-tW. tl Aáo!
IÀ½-^-e-{]m-]X v n-¡mbn \o R§sf ip`-amÀ¤-¯n¡qSn
AXm-bXv tZh-bm-\-amÀ¤-¯n¡qSn sIm­p-t]m-Iq. tl
tZhm FÃm Pohn-I-fp-sSbpw FÃm Úm\-t¯bpw Adn-
bp-¶ -h -\m-Ip-¶p. R§-fpsS IpSn-e -]m-]-§ sf R§-
fnÂ\n¶pw AI-än-¡-f-bq. R§Ä A§sb At\Iw
{]mhiyw \a-kI v c- n-¡p-¶p.
Bdma-² ymbw
H¶mw {_mÒWw
1. D]þ Hmw tbm l ssh tPyjvTw N t{ijvTw N
N P
thZ tPyjv T Ý t{ijv T Ý kzm\mw `hXn K
{]mtWm ssh t{ijvTÝ tPyjvTÝ t{ijvTÝ
tPyjvTÝ kzm\mw `h-´y]n N tbjmw _p`q-
jXnb Ghw thZ.
bmsXm-cp-¯³ tPyjvT- t\bpw t{ijvT-t\bpw Adn-bp-
¶-h -\ m-b n-cn-¡ p-¶ p-t hm, Ah³ kzPmXn P\-§-f nÂ
tPyjvT\pw t{ijvT\pw BIp-¶p. {]mW³Xs¶ tPyjvT-
hpw, t{ijvT- hp-am-Ip-¶p. Bcv C{]-Imcw D]m-k\ \S-¯p-
¶p-thm, Ah³ Xsâ PmXn-I-fn-epw, aäpÅ P\-§-fnepw
tPyjvT\pw t{ijvT-\p-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
2. D]þ tbm l ssh hknjvTmw thZ hknjvTx
kzm\mw `hXn hmKv ssh hknjvTm hknjvTx
kzm\mw `h-Xy]n N tbjmw _p`q-jXn b Ghw
thZ
bmsXm-cp-¯³ hkn-jvTmsb (hm-Wn) Adn-bp-¶pthm
Ah³ kzP-\-§-fn hkn-jv-T-\m- bn-¯o-cp-¶p. hmWn Xs¶
hkn-jvT -bm-Ip-¶p. Bcv C{]-Imcw D]m-kn-¡p-¶p-thm,
Ah³ kzP-\-§-fnepw CXv B{K-ln-¡p-s¶-¦n aäp-Å-h-
cnepw hkn- jTv - \m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
3. D]þ tbm l ssh {]XnjvTmw thZ {]Xn-X n-
jvTXnkta {]Xn-X n-jvTXn ZpÀtK N£pÀssh
{]XnjvTm N£pjm ln kta N ZpÀtK N {]Xn-
XnjvT Xn {]Xn-X n-j -v T Xn kta {]Xn- X n- j v TXn
ZpÀtK b Ghw thZ
bmsXm-cp-¯³ {]Xn-jvTsb Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Ah³
kam\ tZi-Im-e-§-fnepw ZpÀ¤-a-tZ-i-§-fnepw {]Xn-jvTn-X-
\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. {]XnjvT N£pÊp Xs¶- bm-Ip-¶p. N£p-
ÊmÂXs¶ kam-\hpw ZpÀ¤- a-hp- amb tZi- Im-e-§- fn {]Xn-
jvT-bp­m-Ip-¶p. Bcv C{]-Imcw D]m-k\ \S-¯p-¶p-thm,
Ah³ kam-\-§-fnepw ZpÀ¤-a-§-fnepw {]Xn-jvTn-X-\mbn
`hn-¡p-¶p.
4. D]þ tbm l ssh kw]Zw thZ k Hmw
lmkvssa ]ZytX bw Imaw Ima-btX t{im{Xw
ssh kw]-tÑmt{X lota kÀth thZm A`n-
kw-]¶mx k Hmw lmkvssa ]ZytX bw Imaw
Ima-btX b Ghw thZ
bmsXm-cp-¯³ k¼-¯ns\ Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Ah³
GXp t`mKs¯ Cã-s¸- Sp-¶p-thm, AXp- Xs¶ Ahs\ kay-
¡m-b- hn[w {]m]n- ¡p- ¶p. k¼¯v t{im{Xw Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p.
t{im{X- §- fn¡q- Sn-Xs¶ Cu FÃm thZ-§epw FÃm {]Im-
c-¯nepw \njv]-¶-am-Ip-¶p. Bcv C{]-Imcw D]m-kn-¡p-¶p-
thm, Ah³ GXp t`mKs¯ CÑn-¡p-¶p-thm, AXv kzbw
Ahs\ kay-¡m-b-hn[w {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
5. D]þ tbm l hm Bb-X\w thZm-b-X\w kzm
\mw `h-X ym-b-X\w P\m\mw at\m hm Bb-
X\ amb- X \ Hmw kzm\mw `h- X ym- b - X \w
P\m\mw b Ghw thZ.
 348
I bmsXm-cp-¯³ Bb-X-\s¯ Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Ah³
kzP-\-§-fpsS Bb-X-\- am-bn-¯o-cp¶p; AXp-t]mse aäp-Å-
h-cp-tS-bpw, a\-kp-Xs¶ Bb-X-\-am-Ip-¶p. Bcv C{]-Imcw
D]m-kn-¡p-¶pthm; Ah³ kzP-\-§-fp-tSbpw aäp-Åh - -cp-
tSbpw Bb-X-\a - mbn `hn-¡p-¶p.
6. D]x tbm l ssl {]PmXnw thZ {]Pm-btX l
{]Pbm ]ip`n tctXm ssh {]PmXnx {]Pm-btX
l {]Pbm ]ip-`ncy Ghw thZ
bmsXm-cp-¯³ {]Pm-]-Xnsb Adn-bp-¶p-thm, Ah³
{]P-I-fm-epw, arK-§fmepw A`n-hr-²n-{]m-]n-¡p-¶p. tcXÊv
Xs¶ {]Pm-]-Xn-bm-Ip-¶p. Bcv C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-¶pthm
Ah³ {]P-If - mepw arK-§-fmepw {]PmX (A-`n-hr-²n)-\m-
Ip-¶p.
7. D]x tX tlta {]mWm Al Hmw t{ibtk
hnhZam\m {_Ò PÜp-Õ-t²mNpx tIm t\m
hknjvT CXn Xt²m-hmN bkvan³ h DXv{Im´
CZ- H mw - i - c ocw ]m] ntbm a\ytX k thm
hknjvT CXn.
AhÀ Cu {]mW³ Rm³ t{ijvT³, Rm³ t{ijvT³
F¶p hmZn-¨p-sIm­v {_Òm- hnsâ ASp-¡Â sN¶p At±-
l- t¯mSp ]dªp: R§-f n BcmWv hkn-j v T ³
{_Òmhp ]dªp: \n§-fnÂ\n¶pw BcpsS DXv{I-aWw
(i-co-c¯
- nÂ\n-¶pÅ thÀ]m-Sv) Ign-bp-¶-Xn-\p-ta Cu
icocw kzbw A[nIw ]m]n-bmbn IW-¡m-¡p-¶p-thm,
Ah³X-s¶-bmWv \n§-fn hkn-jT v ³.
8. D]x hmKvt[m-¨{- Ima km kwh-Õcw t{]mjym
KtXym-h mN IY-a-i-IX aZrtX PoXp-anXn tX
tlmNp-cy-Ym-Iem Ah-Zt´m hmNm {]mWm´x
{] mtW \ ] i y- ´ - Ý - £ pj m i r W z´ x
t{imt{XW hnZzmtkm a\km {]Pm-b-am\m tcX-
ssk-ha Pohn-jvtaXn {]hn-thi l hmIv
BZyw hmIv DXv{I-aWw sNbvXp. AXv Hcp hÀjw-hsc
shfn-bn hkn-¨n«v Xncn-¨p-h¶p ]dªp: Fs¶ IqSmsX
\n§Ä¡v F§s\ Pohn-¨n-cn- ¡p-hm³ Ignªp? CXp-tI«v
AhÀ ]d-ªp: F{]-Imcw aqI-\mb ]pcp-j³ hmWn-bmÂ
kwkm-cn-¡msX {]mW\m {]mW-{Inb \S-¯nbpw t\{X-
§-fm ZÀin¨pw IÀ®-§-fm tI«pw a\- Êp-sIm- ­-dnªp
tcX-km krãn-\-S-¯nbpw Pohn-¡p-¶pthm AXp-t]mse
R§fpw Pohn-¨p. Cu adp-]-Sn-tI«v hm¡v ico-c-¯n-\p- ÅnÂ
{]th-i n-¨p.
9. D]x N£pÀtlm-¨-{Ia XXv kwh-Õcw t{]m
jymK-tXym-hmN IY-a-i-IX aZrtX Pohn-Xp-anXn
tX tl mN - c y- Y mÔm A ]- i y- ´ - Ý - £ pj m
{]mW´x {]mtW\ hZt´m hmNm irWz´x
t{imt{XW hnZzm-Hmwtkm a\km {]Pm-b-am\m
tcX sskh-a-Po-Jn-jvtaXn {]hn-thi l N£px
N P
N£pÊv DXv{I-aWw sNbvXp. AXv Hcp hÀjw ]pd¯p
K
Ign-¨p-Iq-Snb tijw Xncn-¨p-h¶p tNmZn-¨p. \n§Ä¡v
Fs¶ IqSmsX F§ns\ Pohn-¡p-hm³ Ignªp? AhÀ
]d- ª pþ F{]-I mcw Aa- Ô - · mÀ I®p- I ÄsIm­v
ImWmsX {]mW-\m {]mW-{Inb \S-¯nbpw hmWn-bmÂ
kwkm-cn¨pw t{im{X-§-em {ihn¨pw a\-Ê p-sIm­v
{Kln¨pw tcX-kp-sIm­v Dev]m-Z\w \S-¯nbpw Pohn-¡p-
¶pthm AtX-{]-Im-cw-Xs¶ R§fpw Pohn-¨n-cp-¶p. CXp-
tI« N£pÊv DÅn {]th-in-¨p.
10. D]-þ -t{im-{XHmw tlm¨-{Ima XXv kwh-Õ cw
t{]mjym-Ktbm hmN IY-a-i-IX aZrtX PohnXp
anXn tX tlmNp-c yYm _[ncm Air-W z´x
t{imt{XW {]mW´x {]mtW\ hZt´m hmNm
]iy-´-Ý-£pjm hnhm-Hmwtkm a\km {]Pmb
am\m tcX-ssk-h-a-Po-hn-j vtaXn {]hn-thi l
t{i{Xw.
t{im{Xw DXv{I-aWw sNbvXp. AXv Hcp hÀjw-sh-fn-
bn Ign¨ tijw Xncn-¨p-h¶p tNmZn-¨pþ Fs¶-¡q-SmsX
\n§Äs¡-§s\ Pohn-¨n-cn-¡p-hm³ Ignªp? AhÀ ]d-
ªpþ F{]-Imcw _[n-c³ sNhn-IÄsIm­v {ihn-¡msX
{]mW- \m {]mW-{Inb \S-¯nbpw hmWn- bm kwkm-cn¨p
t\{X-§-em ZÀin¨pw a\-Êp-sIm­ {Kln¨pw tcX-Êp-
sIm­v {]tPm-ev]Z- \w \S-¯nbpw Pohn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶pthm
AtX{]-Imcw Xs¶ R§fpw Pohn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. CXp-tI«p
t{im{Xw DÅn {]th-in-¨p.
11. D]þ at\m tlm¨-{Ima XXv kwh-Õcw t{]m
jymK-tXym-hmN IY-a-i-IX aZrtX Pohn-Xp-anXn
tX tlmNp-cyYm apKv[m Ahn-Zzm-Hmwtkm a\km
{]mW´x {]mtW\ hZt´m hmNm ]iy´Ý-
£pjm irWz´x t{imt{XW {]Pm-b-am\m tcX-
ssk-h-a-Po-hn-jvt]Xn {]hn-thi l a\x
a\Êv DXv{I-aWw sNbvXp. AXv Hcp kwh-Õcw shfn-
bn Ign-¨p-Iq-«nb tijw aS-§n-h¶p tNmZn¨p:þ Fs¶-
¡q-SmsX \n§Äs¡-§s\ Pohn-¨n-cn-¡p-hm³ km[n¨p?
AhÀ ]d-ªpþ F{]-Imcw apKv[-\mb a\p-jy³ a\Êp-
sIm­v bmsXm¶pw {Kln-¡msX {]mW-\m {]mW-{Inb
\S-¯ n-b pw, hmWn-b m kwkm-c n¨pw t\{X-§ -f mÂ
ZÀin¨pw IÀ®-§-fm {ihn¨p tcX-Êm {]tPm-e] v ¯n
\S¯nbpw Pohn-¡p-¶pthm AXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ R§fpw
Pohn-¨n-cp-¶p. CXp-tI«p a\Êv ico-c-¯n {]th-in-¨p.
12. D]þ tctXm tlm¨-{Ima XXv kwh-Õcw t{]m
jymK-tXym-hmN IY-a-i-IX aZrtX Pohn-XpanXn
tX tlmNy-cyYm ¢o_m A{]-Pm-b-am\mtcXkm
{]mW´x {]mtW\x hZt´m hmNm ]iy´-Ý-
£pjm irWz´x t{imt{XW hnZzmHmw tkm
a\-ssk-h-Po-hn-jvtaXn {]hn-thi ltcXx.
 349
I tcXÊv DXv{I-aWw sNbvXp. AXv Hcp kwh-Õcw shfn-
bn Ihn- ¨p-Iq-«n- b- tijw Xncn-¨p-h¶p tNmZn- ¨pþ \n§Ä¡v
Fs¶-¡q-SmsX F§ns\ Pohn-¨n-cn-¡p-hm³ km[n¨p
AhÀ ]dªp: F{]- Imcw \]pw-k-I- §Ä tcX-km {]tPm-
ev]¯n \S-¯msX {]mW-\m {]mW\w sNbvXp hmWn-
bm kwkm-cn¨pw t\{X-§-fm ZÀin¨pw t{im{X-§-fmÂ
{ihn¨pw a\-Êp-sIm­v {Kln¨pw Pohn-¡p-¶p-thm, AXp-
t]mse Xs¶ R§fpw Pohn-¨n-cp¶p. CXp {ihn¨ hocyw
ico-c-¯n- \p-Ån {]th-in-¨p.
13. D]x AY l {]mW DXv{I-an-jy³ bXm alm
kplbx sskÔhx ]Uzo- i - i - ¦ q³ kwhr
tltZhw sslth-am³ {]mWm³ kwh-hÀl tX
tlmNpÀam `Kh DXv{I-aoÀ\ ssh i£y-akvXz
ZrtX Pohn-Xp-anXn Xtkym ta _enw Icp-tXXn
XtY- Xn.
]n¶oSv {]mW³ DXv {I-aWw sN¿m³ Bcw-` n-¨p.
F§ns\ knÔp-tZ-is¯ alm-\mb Aizw -Im-ep-sI-«m-
\pÅ Ipän ]ngp-Xp-am-äp-¶t¶m AXp-t]mse AXv FÃm
{]mW-t\bpw Øm\-{`-ã-\m-¡m³ XpS-§n. AhÀ ]dªp:
`K-h³, A§v DXv{I-aWw sN¿m-Xn-cn-¡-W-sa. A§-sb-
¡q-SmsX R§Ä¡p Pohn-¨n-cn-¡p-hm³ km[y- a-Ã. {]mW³
]dªp: sImÅmw F¦n F\n¡p _en-k-aÀ¸n-¡p-hn³.
aäpÅ C{µn-b-§Ä ]dªp: hfsc kt´m-jw.
14. D]x km l hmKp-hmN bZv hm Alw hknjvTm
kvan Xzw XZz-knjvtTm -f koXn bZv hm Alw
{]Xn- j v T mkv a n Xzw XXv { ]-X njv t Tm - f koXn
N£pcyZv hm Al Hmw kw]-Zkvan Xzw XXv
kw]ZkoXn t{im{Xw bZv hm Al-am- b -X -\ -
akvanXzw XZm-b-X-\-a-koXn at\m bZv hm Alw
{] Pm- X n- c k van X zw X X v{] - P m- X n- c - k oX n
tcXkvXtkym ta Ina¶w Inw hmk Xn bZnZw
In©m- i z`y B Iran`y B IoS- ] - X - M v t K-
`ykvXt¯ f- ¶amt]m hmk CXn \ l hm
Akym\¶w PKv[ w `hXn \m\¶w {]Xn-Kr-
loXw b Fh-ta-X-Z-\k - ymWw thZ XZznZzmw kx
t{im{Xnbm Ain-j y´ BNm-a-´y-i n-X zm-N m-a-
t´-bX tah XZ-\-a-\áw IpÀht´m a\y-t´.
B hmKn-{µn-b-§Ä ]d-ªp. Rm³ bmsXmcp hkn-jT v -
Kp- W-t¯m- Sp-Iq- Sn-b-h-\m-Ip-¶pthm B KpW-¯m \n§Ä
bpà-cm-Ipw. F\n¡p bmsXmcp {]Xn-jT v -X-bpt­m AXv
\n§Ä¡pw D­m-Ipw. C{]-Imcw t\{Xw ]dªp. F\n¡v
bmsXmcp k¼-¯pt­m B k¼- ¯m bpà- cmIpw C{]-
Imcw t{im{Xw ]d-ªp. F\n¡v bmsXmcp Bb-X-\- apt­m
AXp-t]mse \n§Ä¡pw Bb-X-\-ap-­m-Ipw. C{]-Imcw
a\Êp ]dªp. Rm³ bmsXmcp {]Pm-]-Xn-bm-Ip-¶p-thm,
\n§fpw B {]Pm-] -Xn-b m bpà-c m-Ipw. C{]-Imcw
tcXÊp ]d-ªp. {]mW³ ]d-ªp. F¶m Cu KpW-§-
fpÅ Fsâ A¶hpw hkv{Xhpw F´mWv? hmKm-Zn-IÄ
N P
]d-ªp. ]«n-IÄ, Iran-IÄ, IoS-]-Xw-K-§Ä XpS§n Fs´- K
Ãm-ap-t­m, Ah-sbÃmw \nsâ A¶-hpw, Pe-hpw, hkv{X-
hp-am- Ip-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ C{]-Imcw {]mWsâ A¶s¯
Adn-bp-¶pthm Ah\v CXp-hgn A`-£y-`-£Ww D­-Im-
Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw A`-£y-¯sâ {]Xn-{Klw D­m-Im-Xn-cn-¡p-
Ibpw sN¿p- ¶p. C{]-Imcw Adn-bp¶ t{im{Xo-b³ t`mP\w
Ign-¡p-¶-Xn\p AXn-\p-ti-jhpw BN-a\w \S-¯p-¶p.
CXns\ AhÀ {]mWs\ A\-á-\m-¡p-¶-Xmbn Icp-Xp¶p.
c­mw {_mÒWw
15. D]-þ-tiz-X-tI-X pÀl hm Bcp-tW[x ]©mem
\mw ]cn-jZ amP-Kma k BP-Kma ssPhenw
{]hm-lWw ]cn-Nm-c-b-amÀW Xap-Zo-£y-m`yp-hmZ
Ipamcm CXn k t`m CXn {]Xnip{im- h m-
\pintãm \]kn ]nt{X-tXym-anXn tlmhmN.
Bc-Wn-Isâ ]p{X- \mb tizX-tIXp ]m©m-esâ k`-
bn h¶n-cp¶p F¶Xv {]kn-²-am-Wv. AbmÄ Poh-esâ
]p{X-\mb {]hm-lW- sâ ASp-¡Â sN¶p. At¸mÄ
AbmÄ tkh-I· - m-cm ]cn-N-cn-¡- s¸-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p.
Abmsf I­p-sIm­v {]hm-l- W³ ]dªp-þ ""Hmþ- Ip- amcm''
AbmÄ ]d-ªpþ ""Mm'' {]hm-l- W³ tNmZn¨p:-þ ""\nsâ ]n-
Xmhv \ns¶ hnZy A`y-kn-¸n-¨n-«pt­m?'' At¸mÄ tizX-
tIXp D­v F¶p adp-]Sn \ÂIn.
16. D]þ th° btYamx {]Pmx {]btXym hn{]Xn]-
Zy´ CXn t\Xn tlmhmN tht°m btYaw
temIw ]p\-c m-] -Zy´m CXn t\Xn sslthm
hmN tht°m bYmku temI Ghw _lp`nx
]p\x ]p\x {]b-Zv`nÀ\ kw]p-cymXm CXn t\Xn
sslthm hmN tht°m bXn-Yym-am-lpXym Hmw
lpXm- b m- a m]x ]pcp- j - h mtNm `qXzm kap-
° mbhZ´ o C Xn t\ X n s s l thm hmN
tht°m tZh-bm-\ky hm ]Yx {]Xn-]Zw ]nXr-
bm-Wkyhm bXv IrXzm tZh-bm\ hm ]Ùm\w
{] X n] Zyt´ ] nX r - b mW w hm] n l n \
EtjÀhNx irtX tZz krXo Air-Whw ]nXr-
Wm-alw tZhm\mapX aÀXym\mw Xm`ym-anZw
hniz-ta-P Xv ktaXn bZ-´ cm ]nXcw amXcw
tNXn \ml-aX GI-©\ thtZXn tlmhmN.
ac-Wm-\´- cw Cu {]PIÄ hn`n-¶-amÀ¤-§-fn¡qSn
t]mIp-¶pþ ""AsX-´p-sIm-s­¶v \n\-¡-dn-bmtam?'' tizX-
tIXp ]d-ªpþ ""CÃ.'' cmPm-h-þv ""-A-hÀ ho­pw temI-¯n-
te¡p hcp- ¶p. AsX-§ns\sb¶v \n\- ¡-dn-bmtam?'' ""CÃ''
tizX-tIXp D¯cw \ÂIn. cmPm-hv-þ- ""C-{]-Imcw ]px ]p\x
At\-IÀ acn¨psN¶n«pw B temIw \nd-bm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-sX-
´psIm­v? AXv \n\-¡- dn-bm-tam?'' ""CÃ'' AbmÄ ]d- ªp.
cmPm-hvþ ""F{X F{Xtbm {]mhiyw BlqXn lh\w
sNbvXn«pw Bhv (P-ew) ]pcp-j-i-_vZ-hm-Ny-am-bp-bÀ¶v
 350
I kwkm-cn-¡p-hm³ XpS-§p¶p F¶v \n¡-dn-bm-tam?'' ""CÃ''
tizX-tIXp adp-]Sn ]d-ªp. ""\o tZh-bm-\-amÀ¤-¯n-te-
¡pÅ IÀ½-cq-]-§-amb km[\ AYhm ]nXr-bm-\-¯nsâ
IÀ½-cq- ]-amb km[\ Adn-bp-¶p-t­m?, AX-\p-jvSn¨v Bfp-
IÄ tZh-bm-\-amÀ¤s¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p, AYhm ]nXr-bm-
\s¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. \mam-Is« Cu a{´- hN - \w tI«n-cn-¡p-
¶p-þ-Rm³ ]nXr-¡-fp-tSbpw tZh-I-fp-tSbpw C{]-Im-c-apÅ
c­p amÀ¤-§-sf- ¸än tI«n-cn-¡p¶p; Ch c­pw a\p-jy-cp-
ambn _Ô-s¸-«n-«pÅ amÀ¤-§Ä-þ-Zyp-tem-Iw-þ- ]r-Yzn-þ- F¶
amXm-]n-Xm-¡-fpsS CS-¡m-Ipt¶m?'' CXn\v tizX-tI-Xp-þ ""-
Rm³ CXn-sem-¶p-t]mepw Adn-bp-¶nÃ'' F¶p adp-]Sn
\ÂIn.
17. D]þ AssY\ hk- t Xym- ] - a - { ´- b m- © t{I -f
\mZrXy hkXnw Ipamcx {]Zp-{Zmh k BP-
Kma ]nXÀc X Hmw tlmhm-tNXn ]mh Ine
t\m Zhm³ ]pcm-\ p-i n-ã m-\ -thmN CXn IY
Hmwkp-ta[ CXn ]© am {]iv\m³ cmPm-\y-_-
Ôpc{]m£o¯ tX ms s\ - I m- N \ thtZX n
IpXta X CXoa CXn l {]Xo-Im-\yp-Zm-P-lm-c.
]n¶oSv cmPmhv tizX-tI-Xp-hn-t\mSv AhnsS Xma-kn-¡p-
hm-\`- yÀ°n-¨p. F¶m Ipam-c³ AXp hI-h-bv¡msX
Ahn-sS-\n¶p ]pd- s¸- «p. Ah³ Xsâ ]nXm- hnsâ ASp- ¡Â
sN¶v C{]- Imcw ]d- ªpþ ""A§v ]d- ªn-cp- ¶p- htÃm Fs¶
FÃm hnj-b-§fpw kw_-Ôn- ¨pÅ hnZy-IÄ A`y-kn-¸n¨p
F¶v?'' ]nXmhp ]d-ªpþ ""tl \Ã _p²n-i-àn-bp-Å-ht\!
F´p kw`- hn¨p?'' ]p{X³þ ""Hcp £{Xn- b³ Ft¶mSv A©p
tNmZy-§Ä tNmZn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p, Ah-bn H¶p-t]mepw F\n-
¡-dn-bm³ h¿.'' ]nXm-hv-þ ""-Ah Fs´-Ãm-am-bn-cp¶p?''
]p{X³þ ""Ah CXmWv'' F¶p ]dªv ap³tNm- Zy- §Ä Adn-
bn-¨ p.
18. D]þ k tlmhmN XYm \kvXzw XmX Pm\oYm
bYm bZlw In© thZ kÀh-alw X¯p-`ya
thmNw t{]ln Xp X{X {]XoXy {_Ò-Ncy hXv
kymh CXn `hm-t\\ KO-XznXn k BP Kma
KuXtam b{X {]hm-l-Wky ssPh-te-cmk X
kvam Bk-\-am-lr-tXym-Z-I-am-lm-cbm ©Im-cmY
lmkvam AÀLy NImc XHmw tlmhmN hcw
`K htX KuX-amb ZZva CXn.
B ]nXmhp ]dªp: ""tl XmX? Rm³ ]d-bp-¶Xp \o
{i²n-¡q, F\n-¡-dn-bm-am-bn-cp-¶-sXÃmw \n\¡p ]d-ªp-
X-¶n-cp-¶p. C\n \ap¡p c­p-t]À¡pw-IqSn Ahn-sS-t]m-
Imw, {_Ò-Ncyw ]men¨v AhnsS hkn-¡mw.'' ]p{X³ ]d-
ªp-þ- ""A-§v Xs¶ s]mbvs¡mÅq.'' At¸mÄ B KuX-
a³ {]hm-l-Wsâ BØm-\-s¯-¯n. AbmÄ¡p-th­n
cmPmhv Bk-\w- sIm­phcp-hn¨v BÀLym-Zm-\w-sIm­v
]qPn-¨p. ]n¶oSv ]d-ªpþ ""Rm³ ]qPy-\mb KuX- a\p hcw
\ÂIp-¶p.''
N P
19. D]þ k tlmhmN {]Xn-ÚmtXm a Gjhtcm
K
bmw Xp Ipam-c-kymt´ hmN-a-`m-j-YmkvXmw ta
{_qloXn
AbmÄ ]d-ªpþ ""Xm¦Ä F\n¡p hcw \ÂIm-sa¶p
{]XnÚ sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶p. AX-\p-k-cn-¨v, Xm¦Ä Ipam-c-
t\mSv tNmZn-¨n-cp¶ tNmZy-§Ä F\n¡p ]d-ªmepw.''
20. D]þ k tlmhmN ssZthjp ssh KuXa XZv
htcjp am\p-jmWmw {_qlo-Xn.
AbmÄ ]d-ªpþ ""KuXa! B hc-am-Is« ssZh-hc - -
§fnÂs¸-«-Xm-Wv. A§v a\p-jy-kw- _- Ôn- bmb GsX-¦nepw
hcw tNmZn-¡q.''
21. D]þ k tlmhmN hnÚm-btX lmkvXn lnc
Wy kym]m¯w tKm Aizm\mw Zmko\mw {]
hmcmWmw ]cn-Zm-\ky am t\m `hm³ _tlmc
\´ky]cy-´-kym-`ym-h-Zmt\ym `qZnXn k ssh
KuXa XoÀtY-t\-Ñ mkm CXyp-ss]-aylw `h
´anXn hmNm l kvss]h ]qÀh D]-b´n k
tlm]m-b-\-I oÀtXym- hmk
KuX-a³ ]dªp: ""Ah-sbÃmw F\n-¡p-s­¶v A§-
dn-bp-¶p-­tÃm? F\n¡v kzÀ®w, tKm¡Ä, Aiz-§Ä,
Zmkn-IÄ, ]cn-hm-c-§Ä, ]cn-[m-\-§Ä FÃmw D­v. A§p
al-¯pw, A\-´-hpw, \nko-ahpw Bb [\-Zm-Xm-hm-bn-cp-
¶n«pw Fsâ Imcy-¯n AZm-Xm-hm-I-cp-tX.'' cmPm-hvþ
""F¦n KuXam! \n§Ä imkvt{Xm-à-amb hn[n-{]-Imcw
AXns\ {]m]n-¡p-hm³ X¿m-dm-bn-s¡m-Åq.'' KuX-a³-þ ""-
icn, Rm³ A§-bp-sS injyXzw kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p.'' ]­v
{_mÒ-WÀ hm¡mÂXs¶ £{Xn-bm-Zn-Isf kzoI-cn-¨n-cp-
¶p. C{]-Imcw AwKo-I-cn-¨p-sIm­p ]dª am{X-bnÂ
KuX-a³ AhnsS hkn-¡p-hm³ XpS§n; (tk-hm-Zn-I-tfm-Sp-
Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã.)
22. D]þ k tlmhmN XYm \kvXzw KuXa hm]cm
[mkv X h N ]nXm- a lm btYbw hntZyXx
]qÀh\ Ikvan-Hmw-Ý \ {_ÒW Dhmk Xmw
Xzlw Xp`yw h£yman tIm ln ssXzhw {_qh-
´-aÀlXn {]Xym-Jym-Xp-an-Xn.
cmPmhp ]d- ªpþ ""KuXam! F{]- Imcw \n§- fpsS ]nXm-
a- l- ·mÀ R§-fpsS ]qÀÆ- P-·m- cpsS A]- cm-[- §Ä £an-¡m-
Xn-cp-¶p-thm, AXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ \n§fpw R§fpsS sXäp-
IÄ £an-¡-cp-X.v CXn-\p-ap³]v Cu hnZy Hcp {_mÒ-Wsâ
ASp-¡epw D­m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. AXns\ \n§Ä¡mbn Rm\p-
]-tZ-in-¡p-¶p. sImÅmw, C{]-Imcw hn\-b-]qÀÆw kwkm-
cn- ¡p¶ \n§Ä¡v AXp \ntj-[n-¡p-¶-Xn Bcv kaÀ°-
\mIpw?''
23. D]þ Aku ssh temtIm -f ánÀKu-Xa Xkym
ZnXy Gh kan{Z iv a tbm [qtam - f lc À
NnÀZntim -f Mv Kmcm Ahm-´-c -Zntim hnkv^ p-
 351

I enMv K m kv X kv a n- t ¶- X - k v a n- ¶ áu tlhmx tl KuXam! kv{XoXs¶ Aán-bm-Ip-¶p. Kp]vtX-{µnbw K

{i²mw PqlzXn Xkym BlqssXy tkmtam AXnsâ CÔ-\-am-Ip-¶p, tcmaw [qa-am-Ip-¶p, tbm\n Pzme-
cmPm kw`-h-Xn. bm-Ip-¶p, DÅn-tebv¡p (ssa-Yp-\h
- ym-]m-cw) IS-¯p-¶Xv
Xo¡-«-bm- Ip-¶p, B\µw kv^penw-K-§-fm- Ip-¶p. Cu Aán-
tl KuXam! Cu temIw (Zyp-tem-Iw) Xs¶ Aán-bm-
bn tZh-KWw hocys¯ tlman-¡p-¶p. Cu Blq-Xn-
Ip-¶p. BZn-Xy³Xs¶ AXnsâ CÔ-\-am-Ip¶p; Inc-W-
§Ä [qa-am-Ip-¶p, Znhkw Pzme-bm-Ip-¶p, Zn¡p-IÄ Xo¡- bnÂ\n¶pw ]pcp-j³ DÛ-hn-¡p-¶p. Ah³ Pohn-¡p-¶p,
«-I- fm-Ip-¶p, Ahm-´-c-Zn-¡p-IÄ kv^penw-K-§-fm-Ip-¶p. B {]hÀ¯n- ¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶-Xp-hsc Pohn-¡p-Ibpw ]ns¶
Aán-bn tZh-KWw `ànsb lh\w sN¿p¶p; Cu acn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
Blp-Xn-bm tkmaw cmPm-hm-Ip-¶p. 28. D]þ AssY- \ - a - á tb lc´n Xkym- á ntc
24. D]þ ]ÀPt\ym hm AánÀKu-Xa Xky kwh hmánÀ`- h Xn kanXv kanZv [qtam [qtamÀ
Õc Gh kuan-Z-{`mWn [qtam hnZyp-ZÀNn-ci NncÀNn- c - M v K mcm AMv K mcm hnkv ^ penwKm
\nc- M vK m- c m- { ]m- Z p- \ tbm hnkv ^ p- e n-M v K mkv X hnkv^p-en-MvKm-kvXk - van-t¶-X-kvan¶áu tZhmx
kvant¶X kvan¶áu tZhm tkmaHmw cmPm\w ]pcpjw PqlzXn Xkym BlqssXy ]pcptjm
PqlzXn Xkym BlpssXy hrãnx kw`-hXn. `mkz-c-hÀWx kw`-h-Xn

tl KXam! taLw-Xs¶ AánbmIp-¶p. kwh-Õcw At¸mÄ Ahs\ Aán-bpsS ASp-¡-tebv¡p sIm­p-

AXnsâ hnd-Im-Ip-¶p. taLw [qa-am-Ip-¶p, hnZypXv Pzme- t]m-Ip-¶p. Ahsâ AánXs¶ Aán-bmbn ]cn-W-an-¡p-
bm-I p-¶ p. Ai\n (C-{µsâ h{Pw) Xo¡-«-bm-I p-¶ p; ¶p, CÔ\w CÔ-\-am-bn-¯o-cp¶p; [qaw [qa-am-bn-¯o-cp-
taLKÀÖ\w kv^penw-K-§-fm-Ip-¶p. B Aán-bn tZh- ¶p, Pzme Pzme-bm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p, Xo¡« Xo¡-«-bm-bn-¯o-cp-
KWw tkma-cm-Ps\ lh\w sN¿p-¶p. Cu Blq-Xn-bn ¶p, kv^penw-K-§Ä kv^penw-K-§-fm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Cu
\n¶pw hrãn-bp-­m-Ip-¶p. Aán-bn tZh-KWw ]pcp-js\ tlman-¡p-¶p. B Blq-
Xn-bm ]pcp-j³ AXy´w Zo]vXn-am-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
25. D]þ Abw ssh temtIm -f ánÀKu-Xa Xky
]rYzn-thyh kan-Z-ánÀ[qtam cm{Xn-cÀNnÝ{µam 29. D]þ tXb Gh-ta-XZv hnZptcy Nman ActWy
AMvKmc \£- { X mWn hnkv^p- e n- M v K kv X {i²m Hmwk-Xy-ap-]m-ktX tX -f ÀNnc`n kw`-
kva nt¶- X - k va n- ¶ Ku tZhm hrãnw PqlzXn h-´ yÀNntjm -f lcÓ B]q-c y-am-W -] -£ am
Xkym BlqXym A¶Hmw kw`-h-Xn. ] qc y- a m- W - ] - £ mZv bm³ j ¬ am- k m- \ p-
Z§v§mZnXy GXn-am-tkt`ym tZh-temIw tZh-
tl KuXam! Cu temIw-Xs¶ Aán-bm-Ip¶p; ]rYzn
tem- I mZmZnXy- a m- Z n- X ymZv sshZypXw Xm³
AXnsâ CÔ\w-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p, Aán [qa- am-Ip-¶p, cm{Xn
sshZyp-Xm³ ]pcptjm am\k GXy {_Ò-tem-
Pzme-bpw, N{µ³ Xo¡-«-bp-am-Ip-¶p, \£-§Ä kv^penw-
Im³ Ka-bXn tXtXjp {_Ò-tem-tIjp ]cmx
K-§-fm-Ip-¶p. Cu Aán-bn tZh-X-IÄ hrãnsb tlman-
]cm-htXm hk´ntXjmw \ ]p\-cm-hr¯nx
¡p-¶p. Cu Blq-Xn-bnÂ\n¶pw A¶- ap-­m-Ip-¶p.
bmsXm-cp-¯³ (Kr-l-س) C{]-Imcw CXn(]-©m-án-
26. D]þ ]cptjm hm AánÀKuXa Xky hym¯ hn-Zv)s\ Adn-bp-¶pthm AXp-t]mse bmsXm-cp-¯³ (k-
tah kanXv {]mtWm [qtam hmKÀNn-Ý £p ¶ym-kn) h\-¯n `àn-bp-à-\mbn kXys¯ ({_Òw
cMvKmcmx t{im{Xw hnkv^p-enw-KmkvX kvant¶ AXm-bXv lnc-Wy-KÀ`w) D]m-kn-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ tPymXn-
Xkvan-¶áu tZhm A¶w PqlzXn Xkym B
Ênsâ A[n- jT v m\ tZh-X- Isf {]m]n-¡p-¶p, tPymXn- knsâ
lqssXy tcXx kw`-hXn
A[n-jT v m\ tZh-I-fnÂ\n¶pw Znh-k-¯nsâ A[n-jT v m\
tl KuXam! ]pcp-j³Xs¶ Aán-bm-Ip-¶p. Ahsâ tZh-X-bnÂ\n¶pw ip¢-]-£m-[n-j-vTm\ tZh-X-tb-bpw, ip¢-
Xpd-¶n-cn-¡p¶ apJ-wXs¶ CÔ\am-Ip-¶p, {]mW³ [pa- ]-£m-[n-jvTm\ tZh-X- bnÂ\n-¶pw, D¯-cm-b-\- ¯nsâ Bdp-
am-Ip-¶p, hm¡v Pzme-bm- Ip-¶p, t\{X-§Ä Xo¡-«-bm-Ip-¶p, am-k-§-fpsS A[n-jvTm\ tZh-X-I-sfbpw Ahn-sS-\n¶pw
t{im{X-§Ä kv^penw-K-§- fm-Ip-¶p. Cu Aán-bn tZh- tZh-tem-I-t¯bpw tZh-tem-I-¯p-\n¶pw BZn-Xy-tem-I-
IÄ A¶s¯ tlman-¡p-¶p. Cu Alq-Xn-bnÂ\n¶pw t¯bpw BZn-Xy\nÂ\n¶pw hnZyp-Õw-_-Ôn-If - mb tZh-
hocyw D­m-Ip-¶p. X-Isf {]m]n-¡p-¶p. B hnZypXv tZh-I-fpsS ASp-¡Â Hcp
27. D]þ tbmjm hm AánÀKu-Xa Xkym D]Ø am\-k-]p- cp- j³ h¶v Chsc {_Ò-tem- I-¯n-te¡p sIm­p-
Gh kan-tÃmam \n [qtam tbm\n-cÀNn-cy-Z´x t]m-Ip-¶p. AhÀ B {_Ò-tem-I¯ - n A\-´-kw-h-Õ-c-
ItcmXn tX -f Mv Kmcm A`n-\ µm hnkv^ pen ]- c y´w hkn- ¡ p- ¶ p. AhÀ¡v ]p\ÀP- ·w D­m-Ip-¶n-Ã.
MvK mkvX - k van- t¶-X -k van-¶ áu tZhm tctXm 30. D]þ AY tb btÚ\ Zmt\\ X]km tem
PqlzXn Xkym BlqssXy ]pcpjx kw`-hXn IRvP-b´n tX [qa-a-_n-kw-`-h´n [qam-{Zm{Xn
PohXn bmh-Öo-h-XyY bZm {anbtX Hmw cmt{X- c - ] - £ o- b - a m- W - ] - £ a ]£o- b - a m-
N P
 352

I W]£mZv bm³ j¬am-k m³ Z£n-W m-ZnXy kvXÀ]-b´p kzmlm, bm XncÝo \n]-ZytX f- K

GXn amtky`yx ]nXr-temIw ]nXr-tem-I-¨{µw lw hn[-cWo CXn Xmw Xzm LrXky [mcbm
tX N{µw {]m]ym¶w `h´n Xm HmwkvX {X btP kHmw-cm-[-\o-al Hmw kzmlm.
tZhm bYm tkmaHmw cmPm-\-am-]ym-b-kzm-]-£o-
Rm³ alXzw {]m]n¡pw F¶v bmsXm-cp-¯³ B{K-
b-tkztXy hta-\m-Hmw-kvX{X `£-b´n tXjmw
ln-¡p-¶p-thm, Ah³ D¯-cm-b-\-¯n ip¢-]-£-¯nsâ
bZv XXv ]cyssh-Xy-tY-a-ta-hm-Im-i-a-` n-\ n-j v] -
]pWy-Xn-Yn-I-fn ]Xn-aq¶p Znhkw D]-k-Zv{hXn (]-tbm-
Zy´ BImimZv hmbpw hmtbÀhrãnw hrtãx
{h-Xn)-bmbn Ac-bm XSn-bn-epÅ ]m{X-¯ntem Na-k-
]rYnhow tX ]rYnhow {]m]ym¶w `h´n tX
¯ntem kÀÆu-j-[-hpw, ]g-§epw aäp kma-{Kn- Ifpw tiJ-
]p\x ]pcp-jmKv \u lqbt´ XtXm tbmjm
cn¨v (l-h\w \S-t¯­ Øm\-¯v)-Ip-i-hn-cn-¨pw, NmW-I-
áu Pmbt´ temIm³ {]Xyp- ° m- b n-\ kv X
shÅw Xfn¨pw Aánsb Øm]n-¡p-Ibpw ]ns¶ Aán-
Gh- t a- h m\p ]cn- h ÀXt´ AY h GXu
¡p-Npäpw Ipi-hn-cn¨v Krly-kq-t{Xm-à-hn-[n-I-tfm-Sp-IqSn
]Ùm\u \ hnZpkvtX IoSmx ]XMvKm bZnZw
LrX-kw-kvImcw \S¯n bmsXm-¶nsâ \maw ]pÃnw-K-am-
Zµ-i qIw
bn- cn-¡p- ¶p-thm, B \£- {X-¯n a¯ns\ (X-\n¡pw Aán-
bmsXm-cp-¯³ bÚw, Zm\w, X]Êv XpS-§n-bh hgn- ¡pw) CS-bnÂsh¨v lh\w sN¿p-¶p-þ""-bm-ht´m'' CXymZn
bmbn temI-§se Iog-S-¡p-¶pthm AhÀ [qas¯ ([q-a- {]Y-a-a-{´-§-fpsS AÀ°w-þtl PmX-thZx! \nsâ hi-
¯nsâ A[n- j vT m- \ - t Z- h - X - s b) {]m]n-¡ p- ¶ p. [qa- hÀ¯n-I-fmbn F{X tZh-X-IÄ h{I-a-Xn-I-fmbn ]pcp-jsâ
¯nÂ\n¶pw cm{Xn-tbbpw cm{Xn-bnÂ\n¶pw A]-£o-b-am- A`n-em-j§ - Ä¡v {]Xn-_-Ôw sN¿p-¶pthm Ahsc Dt±-
W-]£ - -t¯bpw (Ir-jW v -]-£m-[n-jvTm-\-tZ-h-X) A]-£o- in-¨p-sIm­v Cu BZy-`mKw Rm³ \n¶n lh\w sN¿p-
b-amW ]£-¯nÂ\n¶pw kqcysâ Z£n-Wm-b\ Ime- ¶p. AhÀ Xr]vX-cmbn Fs¶ FÃm A`n-em-j-§-fmepw
¯nsâ Bdp-am-k-§-fpsS A[n-jT v m\ tZh-X-I- tfbpw Ahn- Xr]vX\ - m-¡-s«-þ-kzm-lmþ "bmXn-cÝo' CXymZn ZznXo-b-a-{´-
sS-\n¶pw ]nXr-tem-I¯pw ]nXr-tem-I-¯p-\n¶pw N{µ- ¯nsâ AÀ°w-þ-Rm³ FÃm-¯n-tâbpw arXyp-hns\ hln-
t\bpw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. N{µ-\n F¯n-bn«v AhÀ A¶-am- ¡p-¶-h\ - m-Ip¶p. C{]-Imcw hnNm-cn-¨p-sIm­v bmsXmcp
bn-¯ o-cp-¶p. AhnsS EXzn-¡ p-I Ä tkma-c m-Pm-h ns\ IpSn-e-a-Xn-bmb tZhX \ns¶ B{i-bn¨p Ign-bp-¶pthm
"A]ymb kz A]-£o-bkz' C{]-Imcw ]d-ªp-sIm­v Na- kÀÆm-km-[- \- I-tfbpw ]qÀ¯o-I- cn- ¡p¶ B tZh- X-IÄ¡p-
Ên \nd¨v ]m\w sN¿p-¶- Xp- t]mse Chsc tZh- KWw `£- th­n Rm³ LrXs¯ [mc-t]mse bP\w sN¿p-¶pþ
W- am-¡p-¶p. Ah-cpsS IÀ½-§Ä £oWn-¡p-t¼mÄ AhÀ kzmlm
Cu BIm-is¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. BIm-i-¯p-\n¶pw hmbp-
32. D]x tPyjvTmb kzmlm t{ijvTmb kzmtlXy
hn-t\-bpw hmbp-hnÂ\n¶pw hrãn-tbbpw hrãn-bn¡qSn
áu lpXzm atÙ k Hmw{k- h - a - h - \ - b Xn
]rYzn-tbbpw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. ]rYznsb {]m]n-¨-Xn-\p-tijw
{]mWmb hmlm hnkn-j v Tmssb kzmtl- X y-
AhÀ A¶m-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. ]ns¶ AhÀ ]pcp-j-cq-]-am-
Kv\ulpXzm atÙ k Hmw{k-h-a-h-\-bXn hmtN
Ip¶ Aán-bn lh\w sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶p. AXnÂ\n¶pw
kzmlm {]Xn-jvTmssb kzmtl-X yáu lpXzm
AhÀ temI- ¯n- \p-th­n D°m\w sN¿p-¶-h-cmbn kv{Xocq-
atÙkHmw-{k-h -a-h -\ -b Xn N£ptj kzmlm
]-am-Ip¶ Aán-bn DÛ-hn-¡p-¶p. C{]-Imcw AhÀ
kav]tZ kzmtl-Xyáu lpXzm atÙ k Hmw{k-
ho­pw ho­pw ]cn-hÀ¯\w {]m]n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p.
hah\ - b X n t{i m{X mb k zml m- b - X - \ mb
Cu c­p amÀ¤-§fpw Adn-bm-¯-hÀ IoS-]-X- MvKmZn \nIr-
kzmtlXyáu lpXzm atÙ k Hmw{k-h-a-h-\-
ã-Po-hn-I-fmbn `hn-¡p-¶p.
bXn a\tk kzmlm {]PmssXy kzmtl-Xyáu
lpXzmatÙ k Hmw{k- h -a -h -\ - b Xn tcXtk
kzmtlXyáu lpXzm atÙ k Hmw {kh-a-h-
aq¶mw {_mÒWw
\- b-Xn.
31. D]x k bx Ima-tbX alXv {]m]v\p-bm-an-XypZ
Kb\ B]q-cy-am-W-]-£ky ]pWymtl ZzmZim ""tPyjvTmb kzmlm t{ijvTm-b-kzmlm'' Cu a{´- t¯m-
lap- ] - k - Z v { hXo `qXzu- Z p- a v _ tc IHmwtk Sp-IqSn Aán-bn lh\w sNbvXv krh-¯n _m¡n-h-
Natk hm kÀhu-j[w ^em-\ oXn kw`rXy cp¶ LrXs¯ aÙn-sem-gn-¨p- I-f- bp-¶p. ""{]mWm-b- kzm- lm,
]cn-k-aqly ]cn-en-]ym-án-ap-]-k-am-[m\ ]cn-kvXo- hkn-jvTm-b-kzmlm'' Cu a{´-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Aán-bnÂ
cym-hrXm PyHmw kHmw-kvIrXy ]pHmwkm \£- lh\w sNbvXv krh-¯n _m¡n-hc - p¶ LrXs¯
t{XW aÙ Hmwkw-\ob Pqtlm-Xn, bmht´m aÙn Hgn-¨p-If - -bp-¶p. ""hm tNmkzmlm {]Xn-jTv m-ssb-
tZh-kvXzYn PmX-th-Z-kvXnÀht©m [v\´n ]pcp- kzmlm'' Cu a{´-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Aán-bn lh\w sNbvXv
jk y Imam³ tXt`ym - f lw ` mK- t [bw krh-¯n _m¡n-bm-Ip¶ LrXw aÙn-sem-gn-¡p-¶p.
Pqtlman tX am Xr]vX mx kÀsshx Imssa- ""N£p-tj-kzmlm kav]-tZ-kzmlm'' Cu a{´-t¯m-Sp-IqSn

N P
 353
I Aán-bn lh-\w sNbvXv krh-¯n _m¡n-bm-hp¶
LrXw aÙn-sem-gn-¡p-¶p. ""t{im{Xm-b-kzmlm Bb-X-\mb
kzmlm'' Cu a{´-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Aán-bn lh\w sNbvXv
krh-¯n _m¡n-h-cp¶ LrXw aÙn-sem-gn-¡p-¶p. ""a\-
tk-kzmlm {]Pm- ssXy-kzmlm'' Cu a{´-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Aán-
bn lh\w sNbvXv krh-¯n _m¡n-bm-Ip¶ LrXw
aÙn-sem-gn-¡p-¶p. ""tcX-tk-kzmlm'' Cu a{´-t¯m-SpIqSn
lh-\w-sNbvXv krh-¯n _m¡n-bm-Ip¶ LrXw aÙn-
sem-gn-¡p-¶ p.
33. D]þ Aátb kzmtl- X yáu lpXzm atÙ
kHmw {kh-a-h-\-bXn tkmamb kzmtl-Xyáu
lpXzm atÙ kHmw {kh-a-h-\-bXn `qx kzmtl
Xyáu lqXzm atÙ kHmw {kh-a -h - \ -b Xn
` qhx k zmtl - X yá u l qX zm atÙ k
Hmw{khah-\-bXn kzx kzmtl-Xyáu lpXzm
atÙkHmw {kh- a - h - \ - b Xn `qÀ `phx kzx
kzmtlXyáu lpXzm atÙ kHmw {kh-a-h-\-
bXn {_ÒtW kzmtl-Xyáu lpXzm atÙ k
Hmw {kh-a-h -\ -b Xn £{Xmb kzmtl-X yáu
lqXzm atÙ kHmw {kh- a-h -\ - b Xn `qXmb
kzmtl- X yáu lqXzm atÙ kHmw {kh-
ah\bXn `hn-jytc kzmtl-Xyáu lpXzmatÙ
kHmw {kh-a-h-\-bXn hnizmb kzmtlXyáu
lpXzm atÙ k Hmw {kh-a-h-\-bXn kÀhmb
kzmtl-Xyáu lpXzm atÙ kHmw {kh-a-h-\-
bXn {]Pm-]-Xtb kmtlym-Xyáu lqXzm atÙ
kHmw {kh-a -h-\-b-X n.
""Aá-tb-kzmlm'' Cu a{´-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Aán-bnÂ
lh\w sNbvXv kw{k-hs¯ ({k-h-¯n _m¡n-bp-­m-
Ip¶ LrXw) aÙn-sem-gn-¡p-¶p. ""tkmamb-kzmlm'' Cu
a{´- t¯m-Sp-IqSn Aán-bn lh\w sNbvXv kw{k-hs¯
aÙn-sem-gn-¡p-¶p. ""`q-kzmlm'' Cu a{´- t¯m-Sp-IqSn Aán-
bn lh\w sNbvXv kw{k-hs¯ aÙn-sem-gn-¡p-¶p.
""`qhx -kzmlm'' Cu a{´- t¯m-Sp-IqSn Aán-bn lh\w
sNbvXv kw{k-hs¯ aÙn-sem-gn-¡p-¶p. ""kz-kzmlm'' Cu
a{´- t¯m-Sp-IqSn Aán-bn lh\w sNbvXv kw{k-hs¯
aÙn-sem-gn-¡p-¶p. ""`qÀ`phx kzm -kzmlm'' Cu a{´- t¯m-
Sp-IqSn Aán-bn lh\w sNbvXv kw{k-hs¯ aÙn-sem-
gn-¡p-¶p. ""{_ÒtW kzmlm'' Cu a{´- t¯m-Sp-IqSn Aán-
bn lh\w sNbvXv kw{k-hs¯ aÙn-sem-gn-¡p-¶p.
""£Xv{Xmb-k zmlm'' Cu a{´-t ¯m-Sp-I qSn Aán-bnÂ
lh\w sNbv X v kw{k- h s¯ aÙn- s em- g n- ¡ p- ¶ p.
""`qXmbkzmlm'' Cu a{´-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Aán-bn lh\w
sN bv X v kw{ k- h s ¯ aÙ n- s e m- g n - ¡ p- ¶ p. ""`h n-
jytXkzmlm'' Cu a{´-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Aán-bn lh\w
sNbvXv kw{k-hs¯ aÙn-sem-gn-¡p-¶p. ""hnizmb-kzmlm''
Cu a{´-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Aán-bn lh\w sNbvXv kw{k-
hs¯ aÙn-sem-gn-¡p-¶p. ""kÀhmb-kzmlm'' Cu a{´-
N P
t¯m-Sp- IqSn Aán- bn lh\w sNbvXv kw{k-hs¯ aÙn- K
sem-gn-¡p-¶p.
34. D]þ AssY-\-a-`n-ar-iXn `qa-`kn Pze-Zkn ]qÀW-
akn {]kvX-_v[-a-tky-I-k-`h - kn lnMvIrXakn
lnMv{Inb-am-W-a-kyp-ZvKo-Ya
- -kyp-ZvKob am\-akn
{imhn-X-akn {]Xym-{im-hn-Xa - -kymt{Z kwZn-] vX-
akn hn`q-ckn {]`q-c-ky-¶-akn tPymXnckn \n[-
\-akn kwhÀtKm -f koXn.
CXn-\p-tijw ""`qa-Zkn'' CXymZn a{´-§-tfmSp IqSn
aÙns\ kv]Àin-¡p-¶p. (a-Ù-{Z-hy-¯nsâ A[n-jvTm\
tZhX {]mW-\m-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m {]mW-\n¡qSn GI-cq-
]-am-Ip-¶Xp ImcWw AXv kÀÆm-ß- I-am-Ip-¶p.) ""`qa-Zkn''
CXymZn a{´-§-fpsS AÀ°w C{]-Im-c-am-Ip-¶p. \o ({]m-
W-cq-]-t¯m-Sp-IqSn icocw apgp-h³) {`a-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\m-
Ip-¶p. (Aán cq]t¯m-Sp-IqSn kÀh-{X) Nen-¡p-¶-h-\m-
Ip-¶p; ({_-Ò-cq-]¯ - mÂ) ]qÀ®-\m-Ip-¶p. BIm-i-cq-]-
t¯m-Sp-IqSn ) AXy´w kvX_v[-am-Ip¶p (F- Ãm-¯n- t\mSpw
Ahn-tcm-[n-bm-b-Xp-Im-c-Ww) \o Cu PK-{Zq-]-amb GI k`-
b-v¡p kam-\-\m-Ip-¶p. \oXs¶ (b-Ú-¯nsâ Bc-¯nÂ
{]tZym-XÂ hgn-bm-bn) lnMvIrX- am-Ip-¶p. AXp-t]mse \o
Xs¶ lnMv {Inb-am-\-\p-am-I¶ - p, (b-Úm-cw-`-¯n DZvKm-
Xm-Zzm-cm) \o Xs¶ D¨-kz-c- t¯m- Sp-IqSn Km\w sN¿-s¸- Sp¶
DZvKo-Xhpw (b-Ú-¯nsâ a[y-¯n AXp-hg- n-bm-bn)
\oXs¶ DZvKo-b-am-\\pw BIp¶p; \o Xs¶ (A-[z-cyp-¡-
fmÂ) {imhn-Xhpw (A- án- {[w-Zzm-cm) {]Xym-{im- hn- Xhpw BIp-
¶p. BÀ{Z (ta-Lw)-¯n kay-¡mw-hn[w Zo]vXa - m-Ip-¶p.
\o hn`q(-hn-hn-[-cq-]-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b)-hm-Ip-¶p. {]`phpw (k-
aÀ°³) BIp-¶p. \o (t`m-àm-hmb Aán-cq-]-t¯m-Sp-Iq-
Sn) tPymXn- Ê m- I p- ¶ p. (Im- c - W - c q- ] - t ¯ m- S p- I q- S n)
FÃm¯ntâbpw {]f-b -Ø m-\ -a m-I p-¶ p. AXp-t]mse
(FÃmw kwl-cn-¡p-¶-h-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\mÂ) kwhÀ¤-hp-
am-Ip-¶p.
35. D]þ AssY-\-ap-Zy-O-Xym-aHmw kyma-Hmwln tX
aln k ln cmtP-imt\m -f [n]Xnx kamHmw cm
tPimt\m f- [n]Xnw Itcm-XznXn
]n¶oSv ""Bawkn Bawkn'' CXymZn a{´-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn
CXns\ apI- f n- t e- ¡ p- b À¯p- ¶ p.- þ Cu a{´- ¯ nsâ
AÀ°wþ ""Bawkn'' \o FÃm Adn-bp-¶p. ""B aln- tX-aln''
Rm³ \nsâ aln-asb \Ã-Xp-t]mse Adn-bp-¶ p. B
{]mW³ cmPm-hpw, Cuim-\-\pw, A[n-]X - n-bp-am-Ip-¶p.
Ah³ Fs¶ cmPm-hpw, Cuim\-\pw, A[n-]-Xnbpw B¡-
tW.
36. D]þ AssY- \ -a m-N -aXn XÕ-h n-X pÀh-t c-W yw
a[p hmXm EXm-btX a[p £c´n knÔhx,
am[zoÀ\x kt´zm-j [ox `qx kzmlm, `ÀtKm
tZhky [oaln a[p \à-ap-tXm-j tkm a[p-
aXv ]mÀYnh Hmw cPx, a[p ZyuckvXp \x ]nXm,
 354
I `qhx kzmlm, [ntbm tbm \x {]tNm-Z-bm-Xv, a[p-
amt¶m h\-kv]-XnÀa-[p-amHmw AkvXp kqcyx,
am[zoÀI- Kmthm `h´p \, kzx kzmtl- X n,
kÀhm N kmhn-{Xo-a-\zml kÀhmÝ a[p-a-Xo-
cltath-ZHmw kÀh `qbmkw `qÀ`qhx kzx
kzmtlXy´X BNay ]mWo {]£mey PL-
t\-\mánw {]Ivincmx kwhn-iXn {]mX-cm-Zn-X y-
ap-]-XnjvTtX Znim-ta-I-]p-Þ-co-I-a-kylw a\p-
jym-W mtaI]p-Þ -c oIw `qbm-k-anXn btY-X -
taXy PLt\\mán-am-knt\m hHmwiw P]-Xn.
CXn-\p-tijw ""XÕ-hn-XpÀh-tcWyw'' CXymZn a{´-§-
tfm-Sp-IqSn Cu aÙns\ `£n-¡p-¶pþ ""XÕ-hnXp'' CXymZn
a{´-§-fpsS AÀ°w XÕ-hn-XpÀh-tcWyw þ kqcysâ
htc-Wy-hpw, t{ijvT-hp-amb ]Zs¯ Rm³ [ym\n-¡p-¶p.
""hXm-a-[p-E-Xm-b-tX-''þ- hmbp a[p-c-amb aµ-K- Xn-tbm-Sp-IqSn
{]h-ln-¡p-¶p. ""knÔhx a[p-£-c- ´n''þ \Zn-IÄ a[p- c-ckw
Hgp-¡ n-s ¡m-­ n-c n¡p-¶ p. ""\mHm-j [ox am[zo-xk´p''
R§Ä¡p- th­n Huj-[n- IÄ a[p-c-X-c-am- I- s«. ""`qkzmlmx''
(C-{Xbpw AÀ°- §-tfm-Sp-IqSn a{´-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn aÙnsâ
BZys¯ Dcpf `£n-¡-s«) ""tZh-ky-ZÀKx[oaln'' R§Ä
khn-Xm- tZ-hsâ tXP- Êns\ [ym\n- ¡p-¶p. ""\à-apX Djkx
a[p''-þ-cm-{Xnbpw ]Iepw kpJ-I-c-am-I-s«. ""]mÀYn-h-cPx a[p-
a-Xv''-þ-`q- an-epsS [qfn-IWw DtZz-K-ap-­m- ¡p-¶-h-bm-Im-Xn- cn¡-
s«. ""Zyux ]nXm-\-a-[p-A-kvXp-''þ-]n-Xmb ZyptemIw \ap¡p
kpJ-I -c -a m-I -s «. ""`qh-k zmlm'' (C-{Xbpw AÀ°-§ -
tfmSpIqSn a{´§Ä¡p-tijw c­m-as¯ Dcp-fbpw `£n-
¡-s«) ""bx \x [nbm {]tNm-Z-bmXv'' khn-Xm-tZ-h³ \½psS
_p²nsb t{]cn-X-am-¡p-¶p. ""\mh-\-k] v Xnx a[p-am³'' \ap-
¡p-th­n h\-kv]Xn (tkm-aw) a[p-c-c-k-a-b-am-I tW.
""kpcy a[p-am³ AkvXp-''þ-kq-cy³ \ap-¡p-th­n am[p-cy-
hm-\m-ItW. Kmhx \ am[zo-`-h-´p-þ-In-cW - -§Ä AYhm
Zn¡p-IÄ \ap¡p kpJ-Ic - -§-fm-ItW. ""kzkzmlm'' (C-
{Xbpw AÀ°-§- tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb a{´-§Ä¡p-tijw aq¶m-
as¯ Dcp-fbpw `£n-¡-s«. CXn-\p-tijw k¼qÀ®-amb
kmhn{Xn (Km-b- {Xo-a- {´w) ""a[p- hm- XmE-Xm-btX'' CXymZn ka-
kvX-a-[p-a-Xo-a-{´-§fpw ""Al-ta-thZw kÀh-`q-bmkw'' (C-
sXÃmw Rm\m-bn-¯o-cpw) ""`qÀ`qhmx kzmlm'' C{]-Imcw
]dªp-sIm­v Ah-km\w apgp-h³ aÙpw `£n-¨n«v Ic-
§Ä c­pw ip²-am¡n Aán-bpsS ]Ý-a-`m-K¯v ]qÀÆm-
`n-ap-J\mbn Ccn-¡p-¶p. {]`m-X-¯n ""Znim-ta-I] - p-Þ-co-
I-a-ky-lw.... `qbmkw'' Cu a{´w hgn-bmbn BZn-Xys\
\a-kI v -cn- ¡p-¶p. A\-´cw t]mb amÀ¤-¯nÂIqSn aS-§n-
h¶v Aán-bpsS ]Ýn-a -`m-K-¯n- cp¶v (C\n ]d-bp-¶)
hwis¯ P]n-¡p-¶p.
37. D]þ XHmw- tl- X -a pZv Z meI Bcp- W nÀhm-P k
t\bmb bmÚ-h-evIym-bm-t´-hm-kn\ Dtàzm
hmNm]n b G\-Hmw-ipjvtI ØmWu \njn
t©Öm- tb-c - R v i mJmx {]tc- tlbpx ]emi
\oXn.
N P
D±m- eI BcpWn Xsâ injy-\mb hmP- k- t\b bmÚ- K
h- eI
v y\v aÙn-s\- ¸än D]-tZ-in-¨p-sIm­p ]d-ªn-cp-¶p-þ-""B-
sc-¦nepw Cu aÙv DW-¡-a-c-¯n-sem-gn-¡p-Ib - m-W-¦nÂ
AXnÂ\n¶v imJ-If - pw, Ce-Ifpw ]pd-¯p-h-cpw.''
38. D]þ GXap sslh hmP-k-t\tbm bmÚ-hev
tIym a[p-Imb ss]Mv Kym-bm-t´-hm-k n\ DIv
tXzmhm-Nm]n b G\ HmwipjvtI ØmWu \n
j nt© PvPmtb- c - R vi mJ mx {] tc m- t l bpx
]emim\o-X n.
hmP-k-t\b bmÚ-h-eI v y³ Xsâ injy-\mb a[p-I-
ss]-MK v y\v Cu aÙn-t\-¸än D]-tZiw \ÂIn-s¡m­p ]d-
ªp, ""Bsc-¦nepw CXns\ imJ-IÂ apdn¨ DW-¡-a-c-¯n-
t·Â Hgn-¡p-I-bm-W-¦n AXn imJ-I-fpw, Ce- Ifpw apf-
¨p-h-cpw.''
39. D]þ GXap sslh a[pIx ss]MvKy-Ýqem b
`mK-hn-¯tb f- t´hm-kn\ Dtàzm-hmNm]n b
G\-Hmw-ipjvtI ØmWu \njn-t©Öm tbc-
RvimJmx {]tcm-tlbpx ]em-im-\o-Xn.
a[p-Is
- s]-MK
v y³ Xsâ injy-\mb Nqe-hn-¯n¡v Cu
aÙn-s\-¸än D]-tZiw \ÂIn-s¡m­v ]d-ªn-cp¶p ""Bsc-
¦nepw CXv imJ-IÄ apdn¨ DW-¡-a-c-¯n-t·Â Hgn-¡p-I-
bm-sW-¦n AXn imJ-Ifpw Ce-Ifpw apf-¨p-hc- pw.''
40. D]þ GXap sslh Nqtem `mK-hn-¯nÀPm-\I
b Bb-kvXq-Wm-b-Ú-hm-kn\ Dtàzm-hmNm]n
b G\- Hmw-i pjvtI ØmWu \njn-t©Öm
tbc-RvimJm {]tcm-tlbpx ]em-im-\oXn
Nqe-`m-K-hn¯n Xsâ injy-\mb Pm\In Bb- Øq-W\v
Cu aÙn-s\-¸än D]-tZ-in-¨p-sIm­p ]d-ªn-cp-¶p. ""Bsc-
¦nepw CXns\ imJ-IÄ apdn¨ DW-¡-a-c-¯n-t·Â Hgn-¡p-
I-bm-sW-¦n AXnÂ\n¶pw imJ-Ifpw Ce-Ifpw s]m«n-
h-f -cpw.''
41. D]þ GXap sslh Pm\-Io-cmb ØqWx kXy
Imamb Pmhm- e m- b m- t ´ - h m- k n\ D tà z-
hmNm]nb G\-Hmw-ipjvtI ØmWu \njn-t©-
Pmtb cRvimJmx {]tcm-tlbpx ]em-im-\o-Xn.
Pm\In BbØqW³ Xsâ injy-\mb Pmhm-et- \mSv
Cu aÙn-t\-¸än D]-tZ-in-¨p-sIm­v ]d-ªn-cp¶p ""Bsc-
¦nepw CXns\ imJ-IÄ apdn¨ DW-¡-a-c-¯n-t·Â Hgn-¡p-
I- b m-s W- ¦ n AXnÂ\n¶pw imJ- I - f pw, Ce- I fpw
s]mSn¨p hf-cpw.''
42. D]þ GXap sslh kXy-Imtam Pmhmtem f-
t´ hm- k n`y D tàzm- h m- N m]n b G\ - H mw
ipjvtI ØmWu \njn-t©-Öm-tb-c-RvimJmx
{] tcmtlbpx ]em-im-\oXn XtaXw \m]p-{Xmb
hm \t´-hm-knt\ hm {_qbmXv
 355

I kXy-Im-a-Pm-_m-e³ Xsâ injy-·mÀ¡v Cu aÙn-s\- 46. D]þ Xkym thZn-c q-]tØm temam\n _Àln K
¸än D]tZiw \ÂIns¡m­v ]d-ªn-cp-¶p. ""Bsc-¦nepw Ý À am- [ n- j - h tW k ant² m a[ y- X k vX u
CXns\ inJ-c-§Ä apdn¨ DW-¡-a-c-¯n-t·Â Hgn-¡p-I-bm- apjvIu k bmhm³ l ssh hmP-t]-tb\ bP-
sW-¦n AXnÂ\n¶pw imJ-Ifpw Ce-Ifpw Infn-À¯p-h- am\ ky temtIm `hXn Xmhm-Kky temtIm
cpw.'' ]p{X-·mtcm injy-·mtcm CÃm-¯- hÀ¡v Cu aÙn-s\- `hXnb Ghw hnZzm-\ - t [m- ] - l mkw Nc- X ym-
¸än D]-tZiw \ÂIm-Xn-cn-¡-s«. kHmw kv{XoWmHmw kpIrXw hr¦vtX -f Y b
Cta-h nZzm\t[m-] -l mkw Nc-X ymky kv{Xnbx
43. D]þ NXp-c u-Zp-av_ tcm `h-X yu-Zp-av_cx D[va
kpIrXw hrPvP tX.
HuZp- a v_cym D]- a - Ù \yu Zi {KmaymWn
[m\ym\n `h´n {holn- b - h m- k v X n- e - a mjm kv{Xo¡v D]-tØ{µnb thZn-bp-­v, Ahn-sS-bpÅ tcma-
AWphnbMv K thm tKm[q- h mÝ akq- c mÝ §Ä Ipi-¸p-Ãp-I-fm-Ip-¶p. tbm\n-bpsS a[y-`mKw I¯n-
JezmÝ Jiv I - e mÝ Xm³ ]njv T m³ Z[\n Pz-en-¡p¶ Aán-bm-Ip-¶p. tbm\n-bpsS ]mÀiz-`m-K-¯nÂ
a[p\n LrX D]-kn-©-Xym-Pyky Pqtlm-Xn. DÅ c­p ItTm-c- amw-k-J-Þ-§sf apjvIw F¶p ]d-bp-
¶p. B c­p apjv¡-§fpw "A[n-j-hWw' F¶ t]cnÂ
Cu aÙ IÀ½w \mev A¯n-¯-Sn-IÄ tNÀ¯p-­m-
{]kn-²-amb NÀ½-ab tkma-^-e-I§-fm-Ip-¶p. hmP-t]m-
¡p¶p. A¯n-¯-Sn-sIm-­pÅ {khw, A¯n-¯-Sn-sIm- b- bÚw \S-¯p-¶-Xp- sIm­v bP-am-\\v F{X-am{Xw ]pWy-
­pÅ Na-Ê,v A¯n-¯-Sn-sIm-­pÅ C[vaw, A¯n-¯-Sn- temIw e`n-¡p-¶pthm AXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ CXn\pw {]m]vX-
sIm-­pÅ c­v ssXÀ¡ew Ch-bm-Ip-¶p. CXn [ym\w, am-Ip-¶p. Bsc-¦nepw Adn-ªp-sIm­v ssaYp-\m-N-cWw
bhw, FÅv, Dgp-¶v, ISp-Iv, Xn\, tKmX-¼v, ]b-dv, IXn-cp, \S-¯p-¶p-thm, Ah³ Cu kv{XoI-fp-sS- ]p-Wys¯ Ah-
apXnc Cu ]¯p {KmaoW [m\y-§Ä D]-bp-à-am-¡p-¶p. cp-²-am-¡p-¶p. bmsXm-cp-¯³ CX-dn-bp-¶n-Ã-tbm, Ah³
Ch s]mSn¨v ssXcv, a[p, LrXw Ch-bn Ipg¨v LrX- ssaYp\w \S-¯p-I-bm-sW-¦n kv{XoIÄXs¶ Ahsâ
t¯m-Sp-IqSn lh\w sN¿p-¶p. ]pWys¯ Ah-cp-²-am-¡p-¶p.
47. D]þ FX² kva ssh hnZzm-\p-`m-eI BcpWn
\memw {_mÒ-Ww. cmssl-X² kva ssh XZzn-Zzm-¶mtIm auZvKey
Bssl-X² - kva ssh XZzn-Zzm³ Ipam-c-lm-cnX
44. D]x-þ Gjmw ssh `qXm\mw ]rYnho ckx Bl _lthm acym {_Ò-Wm-b\m \ncn{µnbm
]rYnhym Bt]m - f ]mtam-j-[b Hmj-[ o\mw hnkp- I rtXm - f kv a mtÃm- I mXv {]b´n b
]p jv]mWn ]pjv] mWmw ^em\n ^em\mw CZahnZzm Hmw tkm -f t[m]-lmkw Nc-´oXn
]pcpjx ]pcp-jky tcXx _lphm CZ-Hmw-k p-] vXky hm Pm{KtXm hm
Cu `qX-§-fpsS ckw `qan-bm-Ip¶p; `qan-bpsS ckw tcXx kvIµ-Xn.
Pe-am-Ip-¶p, Pe-¯nsâ ckw Huj-[n-I-fm-Ip¶p; Huj- \nÝ-b-ambpw Cu ssaYp-\-IÀ½w hmP-t]-b-b-Ú-k-
[n-I-fpsS ckw ]pjv]-am-Ip¶p; ]pjv]-§-fpsS ckw ^e- am\w k¼-¶-am-sW¶v Adn-hp-Å-h-\mb Acp-W\ - -µ-\-\p-
§-fm-Ip¶p; ^e-§-fpsS ckw (A-[m-cw) ]pcp-j-\m-Ip-¶p, ±m-e-I³ ]d-bp-¶p. CXns\ B cq]-¯n Adn-bp¶ hrZvK-
]pcp-jsâ ckw ip¢-am-Ip-¶p. e- ]p- {X³ \mI\pw AXp-Xs¶ ]d- bp- ¶p. AXp-t]mse taÂ]-
dª cq]-¯n Adn-bp-¶-h-\mb Ipam-c-knw-l-ap-\nbpw
45. -D-]þ k l {]Pm-]-Xn-co-£mw-Nt{I l´mkvssa
]d-bp-¶p. ac-W-[À½m-¡-fmb \ma-am-{X-{ _m-Ò-W-cp-­ v.
{] Xnj vTm Ie v ] - b m- \ oX n k k v { X nbHmw
ChÀ \nc-{µn-bcpw kpIr-X-lo-\cpw ssaYp-\-hn-Úm-\-
kkrtP XmHmw-k rãzm[ D]mkvX XkvamXv
¯n A]-cn-Nn-X-cp-am-bn-cp-¶n«pw ssaYp-\-IÀ½- ¯nÂ
kv{Xnb-a[ D]m koX k GXw {]m©w {Kmhm-
Bk-àn-]qÀÆw {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p, ChÀ ]c-tem-I-{`-ã-cm-
W-am-ß\ Gh kap-Z-]m-c-b-t¯-ss\-\m-a-`y-kr-
bn-¯o-cp-¶p. `mcy EXp-a-Xn-bm-Ip-¶-Xn\p apt¼-Xs¶ Cu
PX
{]mtWm-]m-k-Isâ hocyw A[n-I-am-tbm, Aev]-amtbm Dd-
Cu hocys¯ Øm]n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n Hcp tbmKy- ¡- ¯ntem AYhm Pm{K- ¯ntem hoWp-t]m-Ip-¶p. (F- ¦nÂ
amb Øm\s¯ Rm³ krãn¡pw F¶v kp{]-kn-²-\mb Ah³ Xmsg-]-d-bp¶ {]mb-Ýn¯w A\p-jT v n-¡-Ww)
{]Pm]Xn hnNm-cn-¨p. AXn-\m kv{XnbpsS krãn \S-¯n.
48. D]þ XZ-`n-ar-ti-Z\p hm a{µ-tbX bt·Zy tcXx
Ahsf krãn-¨n«v At±lw Ah-fpsS At[m-`m-K¯v D]m-
]rYn-ho-a -k vIm-Õ oZv btZm-] -[ o-c-] y-k-c ZvbZ]x
k\ \S-¯n. (ssa-Yp-\I - À½- ¯n-\pÅ kwhn-[m-\w)-A-Xn- CZ-alw Xt{ZX BZtZ ]p\Àam-s saXzn{µnbw
\m kv{XobpsS At[m-`m-Ks¯ D]m-kn-¡-s«. {]Pm-]Xn ]p\xkv tXPx ]p\À`-K x, ]p\- c - á nÀ[njybm
DXvIr-ã-K-Xn-io-e- amb {]kvX-c-J-Þ-k-Zr-i-amb inivt\- {µn- bYm- Ø m\w Iev] -´ m- an-X y- \ m-an-I m-MvKpjvTm
bs¯ (kr-ãn-¨n-«v) kv{XobpsS (tbm-\n-bp-sS) t\sc t{]cn- Zzmam- Z m- b m- ´ - t cW kv X \u hm {`qhu hm
¸n-¨p. AXp-sIm-­v Cu kv{Xobp-ambn k¼À¡w \S-¯n. \narPymXv.
N P
 356
I B hocys¯ Icw-sIm­p kv]Àin¨v A`n-a-{´Ww
sN¿-Ww-þ-kv]Àin-¡p¶ ka-b¯v C{]-Imcw ]d-bW - w-þ-
""C¶v Fsâ hocyw kvJen-X-amb `qan-bn ]Xn-¨n-cn-¡p¶p;
AXv ]­v Nne-t¸mÄ A¶- ¯nepw ]Xn-¨n-cp¶p; AXv Pe-
¯nepw ]Xn- ¨n-cp- ¶p. Cu hocys¯ Rm³ kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p.''
C{]-Imcw ]dªv A\m-an-Is - Imt­m AwKp-jT
v -sImt­m
B hocys¯ kzoI-cn¨v Øm\-§-fntem AYhm ]pcn-I-
§-fpsS a[y-¯ntem tNÀ¡-Ww. C§s\ tNÀ¡p¶
kabw C{]-Imcw ]d-b-Ww. ""kvIen-X-amb Fsâ C{µnbw
ho­pw F¶n-te¡p Xncn-¨p-h-c-tW. F\n¡p ho­pw
tXPÊpw ku`m-Ky-{]m-]vXnbpw D­m-It- W. Aán-Xs¶
bmsXm-¶nsâ Øm\-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, B tZh-KWw
Fsâ ico-c¯ - n B hocys¯ bYm-Øm-\¯v Øm]n-
¡-tW.''
49. D]þ AY bZyp-ZI Bßm\w ]tiy-¯-Z-`n-a{µ
tbX abn tXP C{µnbw btim {Zhn-W-Hmw-kpIr
XanXn {ioÀl hm Gjm kv{XoWmw b·-temZzm
km]v X - k v a m- · - t em- Z zm- k kw bi- k zo- \ o- a - ` n-
{Ithym ]a-{ ´-t bX
Ft¸m-sg-¦nepw A_-²- ¯n hocyw Pe-¯n kvJen-
¨p-ho-gp¶ ka-bw, AhnsS Xsâ Ombsb t\m¡p-t¼mÄ,
B Pes¯ C{]-Imcw A`n-a-{´Ww sN¿Ww-þ ""tZh-KWw
F¶n tXP-Ên-t\-bpw, C{µn-bt- ¯bpw bÈ-Ên-t\-bpw,
[\-t¯-bpw, kXvIÀ½- t¯bpw Øm]n-¡-sW.'' (A-Xn-\p-
tijw Ah-cpsS KÀ`-¯n ]p{X³ P\n-¡-W-tam, B
]Xv\nsb C{]-Imcw kvXpXn-¡-Ww) ""Fsâ Cu ]Xv\n
temI-¯nse FÃm kv{XoI-fn-epw-h¨v e£vao-kz-cq-]-bm-Ip-
¶p, F´p-sIm-s­-¶m Ch-fpsS hkv{X- ¯n cP-kz-e-
¯nsâ NnÓw kv]ã-ambn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p.'' A\-´cw cP-
kzbpw bi-kz-\n-bp-amb ]Xv\n(aq¶p cm{Xn-IÄ¡p-tijw
kv\m\w Ign-bp-t¼mÄ)bpsS ASp-¡ÂsN¶p ]d-b-Wwþ
(C¶p \ap¡p c­p-t]À¡pw ]pt{Xm¸-¯n-¡pÅ IÀ½w
A\p- jT v n-¡mw.)
50. D]þ km tNZkvssa \ ZZymXv Ima-ta-\m-a]
IoÀWn-bmXv km tNZkvssa ss\h ZZymXv Im
ata\mw bãym hm ]mWn\m thm]-l -X ymXn
{Imta-Zn-{µn-tbW tX bikm bi BZZ CXy
bim Gh `h-Xn.
`mcy `À¯m-hns\ ssaYp\w \S-¯p-hm³ A\p-h-Zn-¡p-
¶n-sÃ-¦nÂ, ]Xn Ahsf AhÄ¡n-ã-apÅ hkv{X- §-fpw,
B`-c-W-§fpw \ÂIn Ah-tfm-SpÅ t{]aw {]I-S-am-¡-Ww.
CXp-sIm­pw AhÄ Ah\v ssaYp-\-¯n Ah-kcw
\ÂIp-¶n-sÃ-¦n B ]Xn Ahsf ZÞn-¡p-sa¶p `b-s¸-
Sp¯n Ah-fp-ambn _emÂk-am-Kaw \S-¯-Ww. AXpw
kw`- h y- a - s Ã- ¦ n Rm³ \ns¶ i ]n¨v ZpÀ`K(h-
Ôy)bm¡pw F¶p ]dªv Ah-fpsS ASp-¡ÂsN¶v
""Rm³ Fsâ bi-kz-cq-]a - mb C{µn-b¯
- m \nsâ bi-
Êns\ X«n-sb-Sp-¡p¶p'' Cu a{´w D¨-cn-¡-s«. C{]-Imcw
N P
im]w \ÂIn-¡-gn-ªm AhÄ Ab-i-kz\n (h-Ôytbm K
ZpÀ`-K-tbm) Bhp-I-Xs¶ sN¿p-¶p.
51. D]þ km tNZkvssa ZZym-Zn-{µn-tbW tX bi
km bi BZ-[m-aoXn bi-kzn-\m-th] `hXnx
B ]Xv\n B ]Xn¡v ssaYp-\-¯n-\pÅ Ah-kcw
\ÂIp-I-bm-sW-¦n Ahsf BioÀh-Zn-¨p-sIm­v C{]-
Imcw ]d-bWw- ""Rm³ Fsâ btim-cq-]-amb C{µnbw hgn-
bmbn \n¶n bi-Ên-s\-Xs¶ Øm]n-¡p-¶p'', At¸mÄ
B Z¼-Xn-IÄ bi-kzn-I-fm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
52. D]þ k bman-tÑXv Ima-tbX taXn X kymaÀY
\ nj vTmb aptJ \ apJ Hmw k w [ mtbm - f
]Ø ak ym A` n- a r iy Pt]- Z - M v K - Z - P vKmXv
kw`hkn lrZ- b m- Z -[ n-P m-b - t k, k Xza- M vK -
Ijmtbm f- kn ZnKv[-hn-²m-anh amZ-tb-am-aapw
abo- Xn.
B ]pcp- j³ Xsâ ]Xv\nsb kw_-Ôn¨v AhÄ Xs¶
AXy-[n-I-ambn Cã-s¸-SWw F¶m-{K-ln-¡p-s¶-¦n Ah-
fpsS tbm\n- bn Xsâ P\-t\- {µnbw IS-¯n-bn«v Xsâ apJ-
t¯mSv Ah-fpsS apJs¯ tNÀ¯v Ah-fpsS D]-Ø-`m-
Ks¯ kv]Àin- ¨psIm­v C{]-Imcw a{´w P]n- ¡- Ww- þ ""tl
hocyta! \o Fsâ {]tXy-I-amb Ah-b-h-¯nÂIqSn {]Xy-
£-am-Iq. hnti-jn¨pw lrZ-b-¯nÂ\n¶pw \mUn-IÄ hgn-
bmbn \nsâ {]mZpÀ`mhw D­m-Ip-¶p. \o Fsâ Ah-b-h-
¯nsâ ck-am-Ip-¶p. hnjw-]p-c-«nb A¼p-sIm-­pÅ apdn-
thä lcnWn aqÀOn-X-bm-bn-¯o-cp-¶-Xp-t]mse \o Fsâ
Cu ]Xv\nsb F\n-¡p-th­n D·-¯-bm-¡q. Chsf F\n-
¡-[o-\-bm-¡q.''
53. D]þ AY bman-tѶ KÀ` Z[n-tXXn X kymaÀY
\njvTmb aptJ\ apJHmw kw[m-bman {]mWym-
]m-\ym-Zn-{µn-tbW tX tcXkm tcX BZZ CXy-
tcXm Gh `hXn.
Xsâ `mcy-bpsS hnj-b-¯n AhÄ KÀ`w [cn-¡m-Xn-
cn-¡s« F¶m-{K-ln-¡p-¶p-s­- ¦n AhfpsS tbm\n-bnÂ
Xsâ P\-t\-{µn-bs¯ IS-¯n-bn«v Ah-fpsS apJ-t¯mSv
Xsâ apJhpw tNÀ¯p A`n-{]m-W-\-IÀ½w \S-¯n-bn«v
A]m-\-\-{Inb \S-¯-Ww. A\-´cw C{]-Imcw ]d-bWw:
""C{µn-b-cq-]-amb hocyw-h-gn-bmbn Rm³ \nsâ tcX-Êns\
kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p.'' A§ns\ sNbvXm AhÄ tctXm lo\-
bmbn `hn-¡p-¶p-þ-KÀ`n-Wn-bm-Ip-¶n-Ã.
54. D]þ AY bman- t ÑZv Z[o- t XXn Xkym- a ÀY
\njvTmb aptJ\ apJHmw kw[m-bm-]m-\ym-`n{]m
WymZn-{µn-tbW tX tcXkm tcX AZ-[ m-aoXn
KÀ`n-tWyh `h-Xn.
]pcp-j³ Xsâ ]Xv\n KÀ`-hX- n-bm-IWw F¶m-{K-ln-
¡p-t¼mÄ Ah³ Ah- fpsS tbm\n- bn Xsâ P\- t\-{µnbw
IS-¯n-bn«v Ah-fpsS apJ-t¯mSp apJw tNÀ¯v BZyw
 357
I A]m-\-\-{Inb \S-¯n-bX- n-\p-tijw A`n-{]m-W\- -IÀ½w
sNbvXn«p ]d-bWw ""Rm³ C{µn-bc - q-]-am-Ip¶ hocyw-h-gn-
bmbn \nsâ tcX-Êns\ B[mcw sN¿p-¶p.'' C{]-Imcw
sN¿p-¶-Xp-sIm­v AhÄ KÀ`-h-Xn-bm-Ip-¶p. ]pcp-j³
Xsâ inivt\-{µnbw hgn kv{XobpsS tbm\n-bn bmsXmcp
hmbp-hns\ {]hn-ã-am- ¡pt¶m AXns\ A`n-{]m-W\ IÀ½w
F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Ah³ kz´w inivt\-{µn-bs¯ ]pd¯v
sIm­p-h¶v B hmbp-hns\ ]pd-t¯¡p If-bp-¶-Xns\
A]m-\-\-IÀ½w F¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
55. D]þ AY bky Pmbmssb Pmcx kym¯w tNZv
Zznjym-Zm-a-amt{X -f ánap-]-ka
- m-[mb {]Xn-tema
Hmw ic-_-ln-kvXoÀXzm Xkvan-t¶Xmx ic-`rãox
{] X o- t e mamx k À hn- j mà m Pql pbm· a
kant² -f lujox {]mWm-] m\u X BZtZ f-
kmhnXn aa kant² - f lujox ]p{X- ] - i q-
HmwkvX BZtZ f- kmhnXn aa kant² -f lujo-
cnãm kpIrtX - f X BZtZ - f kmhnXn aa
kant² f- lujocm-im-]-cm-Imiu X BZtZ f-
kmhnXn k hm Gj \ncn-{µntbm hnkp-IrtXm
-f kvatÃm-ImXv ss{]Xn btah hnZv {_mÒWx
i]Xn Xkva mtZhwhnt{Ñm- {Xn- b ky ZmtcW
t\m]-lm-kantÑZpX tlymhw-hnXv ]tcm `hXn.
GsXmcp Krl-Ø-hn-Zzmsâ ]Xv\n¡v GsX-¦nepw Pmc-
]p-cp- j-\pam kw_-Ô-ap-t­m, B ]Xn B Pmcs\ tZzj-`m-
h-t¯m-Sp-IqSn ZÞn-¡p-hm-\m-{K-ln-¡p¶p F¦n Ah³
]¨-bmb a¬]m-{X-¯n (]-©-`q-kw-kvIm-c-]qÀÆ-Iw)
Aánsb Øm]n¨v hn]- co-X- {I-a- t¯m-Sp- IqSn AXm-bXv Z£n-
Wm-{K-`m-h- t¯mtSm ]Ýn- am- {K- `m- h-t¯mtSmIqSn thgm-¼pÃp
hncn¨v Ah-bpsS _mWm-Im-c-amb ap\-IÄ s\¿n ap¡n
Ah-bpsS A{K-`m-Ks¯ hn]- coX Zn¡p- I-fn- tebv¡ph¨v B
Aán-bn \mem-lq-Xn-IÄ \S-¯-Ww-þB Blq-Xn-I-fpsS
a{´w C{]-Im-c-am-Ip-¶pþ ""aa-k-ant²f- lu jnx {]mWm-]m-
\uX BZtZ'' ""tl! buÆ- \m- Zn-I- fm {]Im- in- X- bmb Fsâ
]Xv\o-cq-]-amb I¯p¶ Aá-bn \o hocys¯ BlqXn
sNbvXn-cn-¡p¶p; AXn-\m Rm³ \obm-Ip¶ A]-cm-[-
bpsS {]mW-t\-bpw, A]m-\- t\bpw hen-s¨- Sp-¡p-¶p.'' \mep
a{´- §-fp-tSbpw AÀ°w H¶p-X-s¶. BZy-t¯-Xn i{Xp-
hnsâ {]mW-t\-bpw A]m-\-t\bpw c­m-a-t¯-Xn ]p{X-
·m-scbpw arK-§-tf-bpw aq¶m-a-t¯-Xn bÚ-t¯bpw
]pWy-t¯bpw \mem-a-t¯-Xn {]mÀ°-\-tbbpw {]Xn-
Úm-]qÀ¯n-bpsS {]Xo-£-tbbpw A]-l-cn-¡p¶ Imcyw
]d-bs - ¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. (Cu a{´w ]d-ªn«v "^Sv' F¶p
i_vZn¨v BZym-lpXn \ÂIs« (B-lq-Xn-bpsS Ah-km-\w)
""Aku aa i{Xpx'' C{]-Imcw ]dªv i{Xp-hnsâ t]cp-¨-
cn-¡-Ww. ]g-b-Xp-t]mse ""aa-k-hnt²f - lujnx ]p{XmÀiq-
kvX- B-ZtZ'' Cu a{´w Dcp-hn«v c­m- as¯ BlqXn \ÂIp-
Ibpw Ah-km\w "Aku' F¶p-¨-cn¨v i{Xp-hnsâ \maw
]d-bW - w. CXp-t]mse Xs¶ ""aa-k-ant² f- lujn-cnãm
kpIr-tXX BZtZ'' Cu a{´w D¨-cn-¨p-sIm­v \mem-as¯
N P
BlpXn \S-¯p-Ibpw Ah-km-\¯ - n "Aku' F¶p-¨- K
cn¨v i{Xp-hnsâ \maw ]d- bp- Ibpw AXp-t]mse ""aa- k-ant²
f- lujo-cm-im-]-cm-Imiu X AZtZ'' Cu a{´w D¨-cn-¨p-
sIm­v \mem-am-lpXn \ÂIp-Ibpw ap³t]mse "Aku'
F¶p-¨-cn¨ tijw i{Xp-hnsâ \maw ]d-b-Ww. C{]-Imcw
aÙ-IÀ½s¯ Adn-bp-¶-h-\mb {]mW-ZÀin-bmb hnZzm³
{_Ò-W³ Bsc i]n-¡p-¶pthm Ah³ C{µn-b-c- ln-X\pw
]pWy-lo-\-\p-ambn Cu temI- t¯mSp bm{X- ]-d-bp-¶p. AXn-
\m ]c-k{v Xo-K-a-\-¯nsâ `b-¦-c-amb Cu ]cn-Wm-as¯
Adn-bp¶ ]pcp-j³ bmsXmcp t{im{Xo- bsâ ]Xv\n-bp-ambn
kam-K-an-¡p¶ kwKXn Xs¶ F´v? ]cn-lm-ks¯ CÑn-
¡m-Xn-cn-¡- s«. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m ta¸-dª B`n-Nm-c-
IÀ½s¯ Adn-bp¶ t{im{Xo- b³ Ahsâ i{Xp-hm-bn-¯o-
cp-¶p.
56. D]þ AY bky Pmbm-amÀXhw hntµXv Xylw
IHmwtk \ ]nt_- Z - l ÀX- h mkm ss\\mw
hrjtem \ hrj-e yp-] -l -\ ymXv {Xocm-{Xm´
B]veqXy {holo-\-h-[ m-X -tbXv
bmsXm-cp-¯sâ ]Xv\nsb EXp-hm-Ip-¶pthm AhÄ
aq¶p Znhkw hsc Hm«p- ]m-{X-§-fn `£n-¡m-Xn-cn- ¡p- Ibpw
\memw Znhkw kv\m\w \S-¯n-b- tijw Iodm-¯Xpw ip²-
hp-amb hkv{Xw [cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿-Ww. Ahsf GsX-
¦nepw iq{Z-Pm-Xn-bnÂs¸« kv{Xotbm ]pcp-jt\m kv]Àin-
¡m-Xn-cn-¡-Ww. cP-kz-e-bmb B \mcn aq¶p Znhkw
Ignªv kv\m\w Ignªphcp- t¼mÄ Ahsf [m\yw s]mSn-
¡p¶ tPmen-bn GÀs¸-Sp-¯-Ww.
57. D]þ k b CtÑXv ]pt{Xm ta ipt¢m PmtbX
thZ- a - \ p- { _ p- h oX k À h- a m- b p- c n- b m- Z nX n
£ocuZ\w ]m]-bnXzm kÀ]n-]va-´-a-iv\o-bm-Xm-
aoizcu P\-bn-Xssh.
Fsâ ]p{X³ iq¢-hÀ®-t¯m-Sp-Iq- Sn-b-h-\m-Is«sb¶v
bmsXm-cp- ¯³ B{K-ln- ¡p-¶pthm Ah³ Hcp thZw A²y-
b\w sN¿p-Ibpw \qdp hÀjw hsc Pohn-¨n-cp-¶mepw B
Ime¯v B c­v `mcym-`À¯m-¡-·mcpw ]mepw Acn-bpw-
IqSn ]mI-s¸-Sp-¯nb ]mb-k -ap-­m-¡pIbpw AXnÂ
s\bvtNÀ¯v `£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿-Ww. CXn-\m AhÀ
D]-cyp-à-amb tbmKy-X-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]p{Xs\ D¸m-Zn-¸n-
¡p-¶Xn kaÀ°-cm-Ip-¶p.
58. D]þ AY b CtÑX v ]pt{Xm ta I] nex
]nMv K tem PmtbX Zzu thZm- h - \ p- { _q-h oX
kÀh ambp-c n-b m- ZnXn Zt[ym-ZXw ]mN- b nXzm
kÀ]njvam´-a-iv\o-bm-Xm-ho-izcu P\-bn-Xssh.
bmsXm-cp-¯À Xsâ ]p{X³ I]n-eh - À®-t¯mtSm
]nMvK- e-hÀ®- t¯mtSm IqSn-b- h-\m-IWw F¶v B{K- ln-¡p-
s¶-¦n AhÀ c­p thZ-§Ä A²y-b\w sN¿p-Ibpw
]qÀ®- ambn \qdp kwh-Õcw hsc Pohn-¨n-cp-¶mepw AhÀ
ssXcn tNmdp ]mIw-sNbvXv AXn s\¿v tNÀ¯v `£n-
 358

I ¡-Ww. AtXm-Sp-IqSn A{]-Im-c-apÅ ]p{Xs\ P\n-¸n-¡p-¶- hnizmtkm f- \ymanÑ {]]qÀhy kw Pmbmw K

Xn AhÀ kaÀ°-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. ]Xym ktlXn.
59. D]þ AY b CtÑXv ]pt{Xm ta iymtam tem AXn-\p-tijw \memw-Zn-hkw {]`m-¯nÂXs¶ (k-
l nX mt£ m PmtbX {Xo³ thZ- \ - \ p- { _p- ÔymZn IÀ½m-\p-jT v m-\-§Ä \S- ¯n-bn-«v) ]Xv\n CSn-¨p-s]m-
hoXkÀh-am-b p- c n-b m-Zn-X yp-Zu- Z\w ]mN- b nXzm Sn¨ Acn-sIm­v Ømeo-]m-I-hn-[n-bm s\bvsIm­v
kÀ]njva ´-iv\o-bm-Xm- ao-izcu P\-bn-Xssh. kwkvI-cn¨ Nmcp-]mIw sNbvXp kwkvI-cn¨v Ømeo-]m-
Im-W-¯nÂ\n¶pw Aev]m-ev]-ambn FSp¯v {][m\ Blq-
Xsâ ]p{X³ iyma-hÀ®-\pw, Acp-W\ - -b-\\pw BI-
Xn-IÄ \ÂI-Ww. Ah-bpsS a{´-§Ä C{]-Im-c-am-Wvþ
W-sa¶v bmsXm-cp-¶-X³ B{K-ln- ¡p-¶p-thm, Ah³ aq¶p-
""Aán-tb-kzm-lm, A\p-a-X-tb-kzmlm tZhmb khnt{X
th-Z-§Ä A²y-b\w sN¿p-I-bpw, ]qÀ®amb \qdp kwh-
kXy-{]-k-hmb kzmlm'' C{]-Imcw BlqXn \ÂIn-bn«v
Õ-c-¡mew Pohn-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦nepw Ah\pw Ahsâ
""kznã-IrXv'' tlmaw \S¯n Ømen- bn _m¡n-bpÅ Nmcp-
`mcybpw Pe-¯n am{Xw Acn ]mIw sNbvXv tNmdm¡n
hns\ Hcp ]m{X-¯n-em¡n AXn s\¿pw tNÀ¯v BZyw
AXn s\¿v tNÀ¯v `£n-¡-Ww. AXp-sIm­v Dà-tbm-
]Xn AXp `£n-¡p-¶p. A\-´cw AXnse DOn-ãs¯
Ky-X- It- fm-Sp-IqSn ]p{X-·msc Dev]m-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn AhÀ
Xsâ ]Xv\n¡p \ÂIp-¶p. XZ-\-´cw Imepw ssI¿pw
kaÀ°-cm-bn-¯o-cpw.
IgpIn ip²-am¡n Pe-]m{Xw \nd¨v B Pe-¯m Xsâ
60. D]þ AY N CtOZv ZplnXm ta ]mÞnXm Pm ]Xv\nsb aq¶p {]mhiyw A`n-tjIw sN¿-Ww. A`n-tj-
tbX kÀh-am-bp-cn-bm-ZnXn Xneu-Z\w ]m]-bnXzm I-a{´w C{]-Im-c-am-Ip-¶p-þ ""-D-¯n-jvTm-tXm-hn-]m-htkm -f
kÀ]n-jva-´-a-iv\o-bm-\m-ao-izcu P\-bnX ssh. \yman-Ñ{- ]-hqÀhym-kw-Pmbmw ]Xym-kl.''
Xsâ ]p{Xn hnZp-jn-bpw, ]qÀ®ambn \qdp kwh-Õ-cw- 63. D]þ AssY-\ m-a-` n-] -ZytX -f taml-akvan km
hsc Pohn-¡p-¶-h-fp-am-IWw F¶v bmsXm-cp-¯³ B{K- Xz Hmw km Xza-k ytam -f lw kmam-l -akva n
ln-¡p-¶p- thm, Ah\pw Ahsâ `mcybpw FÅpw, Acnbpw EIv Xzw Zyuclw ]rYnho Xzw Xmthln
Iq«n Jn¨cn ]mIw sNbvXv AXn s\¿pw tNÀ¯p `£n- kHmwt`m hssl kl tctXm Z[m- h ssl
¡-Ww. AtXm-Sp-IqSn AhÀ Dà-tbm-Ky-X-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]pHmwtk ]p{Xm b hn¯X CXnx
I\y-Ibv¡v P·w \ÂIp-hm³ kaÀ°-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
XZ-\ -´ cw ]Xn Xsâ Cãm-\ p-k -c Ww ]Xv\ nsb
61. D]þ AY b CtÑXv ]pt{Xm ta ]ÞntXm ]mbkw apX-emb t`mP-\§ - Ä Ign-¸n¨v ib-\-Im-e-¯nÂ
hnloXx kan-Xnw-Kax ip{iq-jnXw hmNw `mjnXm ""Atam -f lakv]n'' CXymZn a{´-§Ä Dcp-hn«psIm­v
PmtbX kÀhm³ thZm-\-\p-{_p-hoX kÀh-am- Ahsf Benw-K\w sN¿Ww (B a{´-¯nsâ Bi-bwþ
bp-cn-bm-ZnXn aHmw kuZ\w ]mN-bnXzm kÀ]n- ""tZho Rm³ {]mW-\m-Ip¶p \o hm¡m-Ip-¶p, \o hm¡m-
j va- ´ - a - i v\ o- b m- X m- a o- i zc u P\ - b n- X hm
Ip-¶p, Rm³ {]mW-\m-Ip¶p; Rm³ kma-am-Ip-¶p, \o EX-
Hut£W hmÀj-t`W hm. am-Ip-¶p, Rm³ BIm-i-am-Ip-¶p, \o ]rYzn-bm-Ip¶p; AXn-
Xsâ ]p{X³ {]Jym-X- ]-Þn-X-\pw, hnZzÂk-Z-Êp-I-fn \m hcq, Z¼-Xn-I-fmb \ap¡p ]c-kv]cw Benw-K\w
\nÀ`bw {]th-in-¡p-¶-h-\pw, {ih-W-a-[p-c- amb i_vZ-t¯m- sN¿mw, Hcp ka-b¯v tcX-kns\ [mcWw sN¿mw, X·qew
Sp-Iq- bn-h-\p- am-bn-cn-¡Ww F¶v bmsXm-cp-¯³ B{K-ln- ¡p- \ap¡v ]pcp- j- Xz- ¯m hnin- ã-\mb ]p{X-em`w D­m- I- s«.'')
¶pthm Ah\v FÃm thZ- §fpw A²y-b\w sNbvXp- sIm­v 64. D]þ AYmkym Ducp ]nlm-]-bXn hnPnloYmw
]qÀ®-ambn \qdp kwh-Õcw hsc Pohn-¨n-cn-¡p-Ibpw Zymhm- ] r- Y nho CXn Xkym- a ÀY \njv T mb
sNbvXv B ]pcp-j\pw Ahsâ ]Xv\nbpw Huj-[n-I-fpsS aptJ\ apJ-Hmw-kw-[mb {Xntc-\m-a-\p-tem-am-a-\p-
sImgp¸pw Acnbpw IqSn ]mIw sNbvXv AXn s\¿pw amÀãnhn-jvWt- cym\nw Iev]-b-Xp-Xzãm cq]mWn
tNÀ¯v `£n-¡-Ww. AXp-sIm­v taÂ]-dª tbmKy-X- ]nHmwi-X p, Bkn-© Xp {]Pm-]-Xn-[mXm KÀ`
I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]p{X-·mÀ¡v P·w \ÂIp-¶-Xn AhÀ Z[mXp tX, KÀ` t[ln kn\o- h men KÀ`
kaÀ°-cm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. t[ln]rYp-ãp-tI, KÀ` tX Aizn\u tZhm-hm-
62. D]þ AYm-`n-{]m-X-tch Ømeo-]m-Im-hr-XmPyw [¯mw ]pjvI c-{k-Pu.
tNãnXzm Ømeo-]m-I-tkym-]-[mXw PqtlmXy AXn-\p-tijw ]Xv\n-bpsS XpS-Isf ]c-kv]cw AI-ä-
á tb k zmlm- \ p- a - X tb k zml m tZhmb s«. (B kabw Cu a{´w Dcp-hn-S-Ww) ""hnPn-lo-Ymw-Zym-
khnt{X kXy-{]-k -h mb kzmtlXn lqtXzm hm- ]r-Ynho CXn'' (tl Ducp- kz-cq- ]-amb BIm-ita! `qantb
²rXy {]miv\ mXn {]mtiy-X -c kymx {]b-Ñ Xn \n§Ä c­pw AI¶pXcp-hn³) CXn\p tijw ]Xv\n- bpsS
{] £ me y ] mW o D Z- ] m{X w ] pc - b nX zm tbm\n-bn Xsâ P\-t\-{µnbw IS-¯n-bn«v Ah-fpsS apJ-
tX s s \ \ mw {X nc - ` yp- £ - X yp- ¯ n- j vTmtX m t¯mSv apJw tNÀ¯v A\p-tema {Ia-¯n Ah-fpsS

N P
 359
I icocw apgph³ aq¶p-h«w Xtem-S-s«. Xtem-Sp¶ kabw
""hnjvWÀtbm\n Iev]-bXp'' CXymZn a{´-§Ä Dcp-hn-S-s«-
þ-A-Xnsâ Bibw "{]ntb! kÀh hym]n-bmb `K-hm³
hnjvWp \nsâ P\-t\-{µn-bs¯ ]pt{Xm-ev]-¯nbv¡v
kaÀ°-am- ¡-s«. `K-hm³ kqcy³ \nsâ AwK-hn- `m-K- §sf
]pãhpw ZÀi-\o-b- hp-am-¡-s«. hncmSv ]pcp-j- \mb {]Pm- ]Xn
Ft¶m-Sp-IqSn A_n-¶-cq-]-¯n ØnXn sNbvXv \n¶nÂ
hocys¯ B[m\w sN¿-s«. `K-hm³ [mXmhv Ft¶m-Sp-
IqSn A`n-¶-`m-h¯- n ØnX-\mbn \nsâ KÀ`s¯ [mc-
Whpw t]mj-Whpw sN¿-s«. tZho, bmsXm-cp¯n ]cn-
]qÀW-ambn kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p-thm, B kn\o-hmen(A-am-
hm-ky)\obm-Ip-¶p. \o Cu KÀ`w [mcWw sN¿q, [mcWw
sN¿q. tZh-·m- cmb Aizn-\n-Ip-am-c-·mÀ (kq-cy\pw N{µ-\pw)
X§-fpsS Inc-W- cq-]-am-Ip¶ Ia-e-am-e-[- cn¨v Ft¶m-Sp-IqSn
A`n-¶-cq-]-¯n ØnX-cmbn \n¶n KÀ`s¯ B[m\w
sN¿-s«.'
65. D]- þ - l n- c - × bo AcWo b`ymw \nÀa- Ù Xm
ai zn\ u X w tX KÀ ` l hm- a tl Zi ta
hmknkqX- tb, bYm-á n-K À`m ]rYnho bYm
Zyucnt{µW KÀ`n-Wo, hmbpÀZnimw XYm KÀ`
Ghw KÀ` Z[man tX -f kmhnXn.
{]mNo-\-Im-e¯v tPymXnÀa-bn-bmb AcpWn D­m-bn-cp-
¶p, AXp-sIm­v Aizn-\n-Ip-am-c-·mÀ aY\w \S-¯n. B
aY-\-¯nÂ\n¶pw Aar-X-cq-]-amb KÀ`w {]I-S-am-bn. AtX
Aar-X-cq-]-amb KÀ`s¯ \mw \nsâ Ip£n-bn Øm]n-
¡p-¶p. AXn-\m \o AXns\ ]¯mw-am-k-¯n {]k-hn-
¡-s«, F{]-Imcw `qan-bpsS KÀ`w Aán-bm-Ip-¶p-thm, F{]-
Imcw kzÀ¤o-b-`qan C{µ-\m KÀ`-h-Xn-bm-Ip-¶p-thm, F{]-
Imcw Zn¡p-I-fpsS KÀ`w hmbp-hm- Ip-¶p-thm, AtX-{]-Imcw
Rm³ \n¶n ]p{X-cq-]-amb KÀ`s¯ Øm]n-¡p-¶p.
66. D]þ tkmjy-´ o-a-Zv` n-c -` yp-£ -X n, bYm hmbp
]pjvI-c -WoHmw kan-MvK-bXn kÀhXx, Ghm tX
KÀ` GPXp klm-sshXp Pcm-bp-Wm, C{µkymbw
{]Px IrXx kmÀKex k]-cn-{ibx, Xan{µ \nÀPln
KÀt`W kmh-cHmw ktl-Xn.
{]k-h-Im-e-¯n {]k-hn-¡p¶ kv{Xobp-sS-ta ""bYm-
hmbpx....'' CXymZn a{´w Dcp-h n«v Pew Xfn-¡- s«. þa-
{´mÀ°w-þ-hmbp Ipf-¯nse Pes¯ FÃm `mK- ¯p-\n¶pw
N©-e-am-¡p- ¶-Xp-t]mse \nsâ KÀ`w AXnsâ Øm\-¯p-
\n¶p Nen-¡p-Ibpw Pcm-bp-hn-t\m-Sp-IqSn shfn-bn hcn-
I-bpw sN¿-s«. {]kvXpXn hmbp-hn-\p-th­n Cu tbm\o-
cq-]-amb amÀ¤w \nan-¯-am-Ip-¶p. AXv KÀ`-th-jT v - \-t¯m-
Sp-Iq-Sn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. C{µ! ({]k-hh
- mbp!) B amÀ¤-¯nÂ
F¯n KÀ`-t¯mSpw amwk-t]-in-tbm-Sp-IqSn ]pd-t¯bv¡p
h¶m-epw.
67. D]þ PmtX f- ánap-]-ka - m-[m-bmMvI B[m-bI
Hmwtk ]rj- Z m- P yHmw kw\ob ]rj- Z m- P y-
N P
tkym] LmXw Pqtlm- X y- k v a n³ kl{kw K
]pjym- k -ta[ am\x tkz Krtl, Atkym- ] -
kµymw am ssOÕoXv {]Pbm N ]ip-` nÝ
k zmlm abn{] mW m Hmw kvX zbn a\k m
Pqtlman kzmlmbXv IÀ½Wm Xyco-cnNw bZv
hm \yq\- a nlmIcw, Aán- j q- k v X zn- ã - I rZv
hnZzm³ kznã Hmw kplpXw ItcmXp \x
kzmtlXn.
]p{X³ P\n-¨ p-I-gn-b p-t¼mÄ ]nXmhv Ahs\ aSn-
bnÂsh¨v Aánsb {]Xn-jvTn¨v Hm«p-]m-{X-¯n ssXcp
tNÀ¯ s\s¿mgn¨v AXnsâ Aev]m-ev]a - mb Awiw
FSp¯v ""A-kvan³ kl{kw'' CXymZn a{´-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn
Aán-bn BlqXn \ÂI-s«. B a{´mÀ°w-þ-"Fsâ Cu
`h-\-¯n ]p{X-cq-]-t¯m-Sp-IqSn hr²nsb {]m]n¨v Rm³
kl{kw a\p-jy-cpsS GI-am{X-amb t]mj-W-IÀ¯m-hm-
bn-¯o-c-s«. Fsâ Cu ]p-{Xsâ k´-Xn-IÄ¡v {]P-I-tfm-
Spw, arK- §-tfmSpw IqSn k¼-¯nsâ Ipdhv Hcn- ¡epw D­m-
Im-Xn-c n-¡-s«-þ-kzm-lm. Rm\m-Ip¶ ]nXm-hn bmsXmcp
{]mW³ Dt­m, B {]mWs\ \obm-Ip¶ ]p{X- \n ]pÀ®-
a-\-tÊm- Sp-IqSn Rm³ tlman- ¡p-¶p-þ-kzm-lm. Rm³ sNbvXn-
cn-¡p¶ {][m\ IÀ½§tfmSp-IqSn bmsXm¶v A[n-I- ambn
sNbvXn-cn-¡p-¶p-thm, Bh-iy-amb IÀ½-§-fn bmsXm¶v
Ipdhv hcp-¯n-bn-cp-¶p-thm, R§-fpsS B IÀ½s¯
Úm\n-bmb Aán-tZ-h³ ]cn-l-cn-¡-s«þ kzmlm.'
68. D]þ AYmky Z£nWw IÀW-a-`n-\n-[mb hmKv
hmKnXn {XncY Z[n a[p LrX-Hmw-kw\obm\-
´Àln-tX\ PmX-c q-t]W {]mi-b-X n, `qkvtX
Z[man `phkvtX Z[man kzkvtX Z[man `qÀ`qhx
kzx kÀh Xzbn Z[m-ao-Xn.
tlmam-\-´cw ]nXmhv inip-hnsâ he-¯p-sNhn Xsâ
apJ-t¯m-Sp-tNÀ¯v "hmIv, hmIv, hmIv' C{]-Imcw aq¶p
{]mhiyw ]d-b-s«. AXn-\p-tijw ssXcv, tX³, s\¿v Ch
H¶m¡n hnip-²-amb kzÀ®-¡-bn-en tImcn-sb-Sp¯v
_me-Is\ cpNn-¸n-¡s« (B kabw Cu \mep a{´- §fpw
Dcp-hn-S-s«) ""`qkvtX-Z-[m-an, `qh-kvtX-Z-[m-an, kztØ-Z-[m-an,
`qÀ`qhx kzx kÀh-Xzbo Z[man.''
69. D]þ AYmky \ma ItcmXn thtZm -f koXn
XZky XZ Kply-tah \ma `hXn.
AXn-\p-tijw _me\p \ma-Ic- Ww sN¿-s«. "\o thZ-
am-Ip-¶p.' thZw Xs¶ Cu _me-Isâ Kp]vX- \m-a-am-bn-¯o-
c-s«.
70. D]þ AssY\w amt{X {]Zmb kvX\w {]b-OXn
bkv tX kvX \x iitbm tbm atbm-a qtcym
cXv\[m hkp-hnZyx kpZ{Xx tb\ hnizm -]p-
jyknhmcymWn kc-kzXn Xanl [mXth Icn-
Xn.
 360

I AXn-\p-tijw Cu _me-Is\ amXm-hnsâ aSn-bn IS- kz-kX v o-]p-{X- \nÂ\n-¶pw, Hu]-kz-kX K

v o-]p-{X³ ]cm-i-co-]p-
¯n-bn«v ""bkvtX-kXv \x'' CXymZn a{´- §Ä P]n-¨p-sIm-­v {X-\nÂ\n-¶ pw, ]mcm-i-co-]p-{X³ ImXym-b-\o-]p-{X-\nÂ\n-
ape-bq-«-s«. a{´-¯nsâ Bi-bw-þtl kc-kzXn! \nsâ ¶pw, ImXym-b\ - o-]p-{X³ Iuin-I-]p-{X-\nÂ\n-¶pw, Iuin-
£oc-¯nsâ `Þm-c-amb Cu kvX\w A£-b-hpw, t]mj- I- ]p-{X³ Bew- _o- ]p-{X-\n \n¶pw, sshbm-{L-]- Zo- ]p-{X³
Wm-[m-c-hp-am-Ip¶p; AXv cXv\-§-fpsS J\n-bpw, k¼qÀ®- IWzo-]p-{X-\nÂ\n¶pw, IWzo-]p-{X³ Im]o-]p-{X-\nÂ\n-
amb [\-cm-in- bpsS ÚmXm-hpw, DZm-c-amb Zm\nbpw BIp- ¶pw, Im]o-]p-{X³.
¶p. AXp-t]mse bmsXm- ¶p-h- gn-bmbn \o ka-kvX-h-c- Wob
73. D]þ Bt{X-bo-]p-{Xm-Zm-t{X-bo-]pt{Xm KuX-ao]p
]ZmÀ°-§-tfbpw t]mjn-¸n-¡p-¶p-thm, Cu kÂ]p-{Xsâ
{XmZv KuX-ao-]pt{Xm `mc-Zzm-Po-]p-{XmZv `mc-ZzmPo
Poh-k-Ôm- c-WmÀ°w B kvX\s¯ tZhn Fsâ `mcy-bpsS
]p{Xx ]mcm- i - c o- ] p- { XmZv ]mcm- i - c o- ] pt{Xm
ico-c-¯n {]Xn-jT v n¨v B inip-hnsâ hmbn sImSp-¡p-
hmÕo ]p{XmZv hmÕo-]p{Xx ]mcm-i-co-]p-{XmZv
hm-\-\p-h-Zn-¡tW.
]mcm-i-co- ]pt{Xm hmÀIm-cp-Wo-]p-{XmXv hmÀIm-
71. D]þ AYmky amX- c - a -` n- a - {´- b - tX, Cemkn cp-Wo-]pt{Xm hmÀIm-cp-W o-] p-{ Xm-XzmÀIm-cp-W o-
ssa{Xm-h -cpWo hotc hoc-a-Po-P-\-Xv, km Xzw ]p{Xx BÀX`m Ko]p- { Xm- Z mÀX- ` mKo ]p{Xx
hoc-hXo `h bmkvam³ hoc-htXm f- Ic-Zn-Xn, iuwKo-] p-{Xm-Ñ u-MvKo]p {Xx kmwkvI r-X o-] p-
Xw hm GX-am-l p-c -X n-] nXm hmXm-` q-c -X n-] n-X m- {XmXv kmwkvIr-Xo-]p{Xw Beav _mb-\o-]p{Xm
atlm hmXm`qx ]camw _X ImjvTmw {]m]- Zme-a v_ m-b - \ o-] p{X Beav_ o]p{Xm- Zm-e - av_ o-
Onbm bikm {_Ò-hÀN-tk\ b Ghm-hntZm ]pt{Xm Pmb-´o-]p-{Xm-Öm-b´o]pt{Xm amÞq-
{_mÒWky ]pt{Xm PmbX CXn. Im-b-\ o-]p-{Xm-·-Þ q-Imb\o]pt{Xm amÞq-Io-
AXn- \p-tijw _mesâ amXm-hns\ C{]-Imcw "Cemkn'
]p-{Xm-·m-Þ p-I n-]p{XximÞneo-]p-{Xm-Om-Þ n-
eo-] pt{Xm cmYo-X co]p{XmZv cmYo-X -c o-] pt{Xm
CXymZn a{´- §fm A`n-a-{´n-X-bm-¡-s«. Cu a{´- ¯nsâ
`mep- I o- ] p- { XmZv `mepIo]p{Xx {Iu©- I o-] p-
Bi-bw-þtl tZho! \o Xs¶ kvXpXyÀl-bpw, ssa{Xm-h-cp-
{Xm`ymw {Iu©-I o-] p{Xu sshZ`rXo-] p-{XmZv
Wnbpw (A-cp-Ô-Xn) BIp-¶p. hotc \o hoc-]p-{X\p P·w
sshZ-`r-Xo-]p{Xx ImÀi-tI-bo-]p{XmXv ImÀi-tI-
\ÂIn \s½ hoc-]p-{Xsâ ]nXm-hm-¡n-bn-cn-¡p¶p; AXn-
bo-] p{Xx {]mNo-t\m-b-Ko-]p-{XmXv {]mNo-\ -tbm-
\m \o hc-h-Xn-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu _mes\ t\m¡n aäp-
Kn-]p{Xx kmRvPo-ho-]p-{XmXv kmRvPoho-]p{Xx
Å-hÀ ""\o hmkvX-h-¯n ]nXm-hn-t\-¡mÄ apt¶m«p
{]miv\ o-] p-{Xm-Zm-k p-c o-h m-k n\x {]miv\ o-] p{X
t]mIWw'' F¶p ]d- b- Ww. \o \nÊ- tµ-l-ambn kz´w ]nXm-
Bkp-cm-b-Wm-b-Zm-kp-cm-b W Bkptccmkpcnx
a-l-t\- ¡mfpw t{ijvT-\m- I-Ww. \o e£van-bpw, IoÀ¯nbpw
AXp-t]mse {_Ò-tX-PÊpw hgn-bmbn D¶-Xn-bpsS ]c-a- Bt{X- bo-]p-{X-\nÂ\n-¶pw, Bt{X-bo-]p-{X³ KuX-ao-]p-
ko-a-bn-se-¯Ww C{]-Imcw hninjvS Úm\-k-¼-¶-\mb {X-\nÂ\n¶pw KuX- ao- ]p-{X³ `mc- Zzm-Po- ]p- {X- \nÂ\n¶pw `mc-
]p{X³ bmsXmcp {_Ò-W\v P\n-¡p-¶p-thm, B ]nXmhpw Zzm-Po-]p-{X³ ]mcm-i-co-]p-{X-\nÂ\n¶pw ]mcm-i-co-]p-{X³
CXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ kvXpXyÀl-\m-Ip-¶p. hmÕo-]p-{X-\nÂ\n-¶pw, hmÕo-]p-{X³ ]mcm-i-co-]p-{X-
\nÂ\n¶pw, ]mcm- i- co-]p-{X³ hmÀIm- cp-Wo- ]p-{X-\nÂ\n¶pw,
hmÀIm-cp-W- ]p-{X³ hmÀIm-cp-Wo-]p-{X-\nÂ\n-¶pw, hmÀIm-
A©mw {_mÒWw cp-Wo-]p-{X³ BÀ-Xm-`m-Ko-]p-{X-\nÂ\n-¶pw, BÀXm-`mKo
72. D]þ AY hHmw-iw, ]uXn-amjo ]p{Xx ImXym ]p{X³ iuMv-Ko-]p-{X-\nÂ\n-¶pw, iuMvKo-]p-{X³ kmwIr-
b\o-]p-{XmXv ImXym-b-\o-]pt{Xm KuX-ao-]p-{XmZv Xo-]p-{X-\nÂ\n-¶pw, kmwIr-Xo-]p-{X³ Bew-_m-b\o ]p{X-
KuX-ao-]pt{Xm `mc-Zzm-Po-]p-{XmZv `mc-Zzm-Po-]p{Xx \nÂ\n-¶pw, Bew-_mb\o-]p-{X³ Pmb-´o-]p-{X-\nÂ\n-
]mcm-i-co-]p-{XmXv ]cm-i-co-]p{X Hu]-kz-kvXo]p ¶pw, Pmb-´o-]p-{X³ amÞq-Im-b\o ]p{X-\nÂ\n¶pw,
{XmZu- ] - k z- k v X o- ] p{Xx ]mcm- i - c o- ] p- { XmXv amÞq- Im-b\o ]p{X³ amÞq-In-]p-{X-\nÂ\n¶pw, amW-[q-
]mcmi co]p{Xx ImXym-b-\o-]p-{XmXv ImXym-b- In-]p-{X³ imÞn-eo-]p-{X-\nÂ\n- ¶pw,- im-Þn-eo-]p-{X³
\o-]p{Xx Iui-Io-]p-{XmXv Iuin-Io-]p{X Be- cmYo-X-co-]p-{X-\nÂ\n-¶pw, cmYo-X-co-]p-{X³ `mep-Io-]p-{X-
av_ o]p{Xm¨ sshbm-{L-]-Zo-]p-{Xm¨ sshbm- \nÂ\n-¶pw, `mep-Io-]p-{X³ c­p {Iu©n-Io- ]p-{X- ·m-cnÂ\n-
{L- ] - Z o]p{Xx IWzo- ] p- { Xm¨ Im]o- ] p- { Xm¨ ¶pw, c­p {Iu©-Io-]p-{X-·mÀ thZ-`r-Xo-]p-{X-\nÂ\n-¶pw,
Im]o- ] p{Xx thZ-`r- Xo-]p-{X³ ImÀi-tI-bo-]p-{X-\nÂ\n-¶pw, ImÀi-tI- bo-
]p-{X³ {]mN\ tbmKo-]p-{X-\nÂ\n¶pw {]mNo-\-tbm-Ko-]p-
hwiw hÀ®n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. ]uXn-am-jo-]p-{X³ ImXym- {X³ km©ohn ]p{X- \nÂ\n-¶pw, km©o-hn-]p-{X³ Bkp-
b\o ]p{X-\nÂ\n-¶pw, ImXym-b-\o-]p-{X³ KuXao ]p{X- co-hm-kn-{]m-iv\o-]p-{X-\nÂ\n-¶pw, {]miv\o-]p-{X³ Bkp-cm-
\nÂ\n-¶pw, KuX-ao-]p-{X³ `mc- Zzm-Po-]p-{X- \n \n¶pw, Zzmc- b-W-\nÂ\n-¶ pw, Bkp-cm-b-W³ Bkp-cn-bnÂ\n-¶pw,
Zzm- Po- ]p- {X³ ]cm- ico ]p{X- \nÂ\n- ¶pw, ]cm-i-co- ]p- {X³ Hu]- Bkp-cn.

N P
 361
I 74. D]þ bmÚ-h-evIymZv bmÚ-hevIy D±meImZp-
±m-e tIm -f cpWm-Z-c pW D]-t h-ti-c q-] -thinx
Ipt{ix Ip{inÀhm-P-{i-htkm hmP-{ihm Pnlzm
htXm _mt[ym-Km-Ön-l zm-hm³ hmt[ymtKm f-
knXmZv hmÀj-K-Wm-Z-kntXm hmÀj-KtWm lcn-
XmXv Iiy-]m-²c - nXx Iiy]x inev]mXv Iiy-]-
Ýnev] x Iiy]x Iiv] m-t¶-{[qthx Iiyt]m
ss\{[p-h nÀhmtNm hmK-av`nWym Aav `n-Wym-Zn-
Xym-Zm-Zn-Xym-\n-am\n ip¢m\n bPq Hmwjn hmP-
k-t\-b \ bmÚ-hevtIy\mJymbt´.
bmÚ-h-evIy-\nÂ\n-¶pw, bmÚ-hÂIy³ D±m-e-I-
\nÂ\n-¶pw, D±m-eI - ³ Acp-W-\nÂ\n¶pw Acp-W³ D]-
th-in-bnÂ\n¶pw D]-thin Ip{in-bn \n¶pw Ip{in hmP-
{i-h-ÊnÂ\n-¶pw, hmP-{i-hÊv Pnlzm-hm-\nÂ\n-¶pw, Pnlzm-
hm³ _mt[ym-K-\nÂ\n-¶pw, _mt[ym-Ky³ Akn-X-hmÀj-
K-W-\nÂ\n-¶pw, Akn-X-hmÀj-K-W³ lcn-X-I-iy-]-\nÂ\n-
¶pw, lcn-X-I-iy- ]³ in¸I-iy-]-\nÂ\n-¶pw, in¸-I-iy-
]³ Iiy-]-ss\-[r-hnÂ\n-¶pw, Iiy-]-ss\-[rhv hmInÂ\n-
¶pw, hmIpw Aav`n-Wn-bnÂ\n- ¶pw, Aav`nWn BZn-Xy- \nÂ\n-
¶pw D­mbn BZn-Xy-\nÂ\n¶pw {]m]vX-amb Cu ip¢-
bÖpx {ipXn-IÄ hmP-k-t\b bmÚ-hÂIy³ hgn-bmbn
hfsc {]kn-²-am-bn-¯oÀ¶p.
ip`w
N P
75. D]þ kam-\ am kmwPo-h o-] p-{XmXv kmwPoho K
]pt{Xm amÞq-Im-b-t\Àam-Þq-Im-b-\nÀamÞ
hym·m-Þhyx IuÕmXv IutÕm amln-t°À
amln- ° nÀhm-a-I -£ m-b -W mZv hma-I -£ m-b Wx
imÞn- e ym- Ñ m- Þ n- t eym- h m- Õ v X mZv hmÕyx
Ipt{ix Ip{in-cy-Ú-h-Ntkm cmP-k vß -_m-b-
\mZv bÚ-hmNm cmP-kvX -av_m-b-\ -kvX p-c mXv
ImhtjbmXv Xpcx Imh- t bjx {]Pm- ] tX
{]Pm]XnÀ{_-ÒtWm {_Ò kzbav`p {_ÒtW
\ax
kRvPo-ho-]p-{X-]-c y´w Hcp hwiw-X -s¶-b m-Ip-¶p.
kRvPo-hn-]p-{X³ aÞq-Im-b-\nÂ\n-¶pw, amÞq-Im-b\n
amÞ-h y-\nÂ\n-¶pw, amÞ-hy³ IuÕ-b nÂ\n-¶pw,
IuÕ amln-°n-bnÂ\n-¶pw, tamln°n hma-I-£m-b-W-
bnÂ\n-¶ pw, hma- I -£ m-b W imÞn-e y- b nÂ\n¶pw
imÞney hmÕy-bnÂ-\n-¶pw, hmÕy Ip{in-bnÂ-\n-¶pw,
Ip{in bÚ-h-Nm-cm-P-kvX-av_m-b-\-bnÂ\n-¶pw, bÚ-h-
Nm-cm-P-kX
v -av_m-b\ Xpc-Im-h-tj-b-bnÂ\n-¶pw, Xpc-Im-h-
tjb {]Pm-]-Xn-bnÂ\n¶pw {]Pm-]Xn {_Òm-hnÂ\n¶pw
D­mbn {_Òw kzbw `qhm-Ip-¶p. kzbw `qhm-Ip¶
{_Òs¯ \a-kI v -cn- ¡p-¶p.
 362
I K
1 A£yp]-\n-j¯v
im´n- ] mTw
Hmw kl-\ m-h-h Xp kl \u `p\àp kl
hocyw Ichm hssl tXP-kzn-\m-h-[o-X-akvXp am
hnZzn-jm-hssl Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
]c-{_Òw R§Ä c­p-t]- scbpw Hcp-an¨v c£n-¡-tW.
AXv R§Ä c­p-t]-scbpw Hcp-an¨v ]cn-]m-en-¡-tW.
R§Ä c­p-t]cpw Hcp-an¨v Ign-hp-IÄ t\S-tW. R§- fpsS
A[y-b\w tXP-kzn-bm-bn-¯o-c-tW. R§Ä ]c-kv]cw
hntZzjw hln-¡m-Xn-cn-¡tW.
{]Y-a-JÞw
lcnx Hmw AY l kmwIr-X nÀ`-K-hm-\ m-ZnXy
temIw PKma | Xam-ZnXyw \Xym Nm£p-j vaXo
hnZybm Xa-kvXp-hXv Hmw \tam `K-hmtX {iokq-
cym-bm-£n-tX-P tk \ax Hmw tJN-cmb \ax Hmw
cPtk \ax Hmw kXzmb \ax Hmw Ak-tXmam kXv
Kab Xatkm am tPymXnÀK-ab artXymÀam AarXw
Kab | DjvtWm `K-hm³ ipNn-cq]x {]Xn-cq] hniz-
cq]w LrWn\w PmX-th-Zkw lnc-× bw tPymXn-
cq]w X]´w kl-{k-civanx iXYm hÀ¯-am\x
]pcpjx {]Pm-\m-ap-Z-b-tXyj kqcyx | Hmw \tam
`K- h tX {iokq- c ym- b m- Z n- X ym- b m- £ n- t XP tkzm
tlm fhmlnt\ hmln\n kzmtlXn Ghw Nm£p-
£v a - X o- h n- h n- Z ybm kv X pXx | kqcy- \ m-c m- b Wx
kp{]otXm f {_ho- ¨ m- £ p- j v a Xo hnZy- { io- b mw
{_mÒtWm tbm \nXy-a-[otX \X-kym-£n-tcmtlm
`hXn \ Xky Ipte f tÔm `hXn Aãu {_mÒ-
Wm³ {Kml-bnXzm f Y hnZym-ko-²nÀ`-hXn b Ghw
thZ k alm³ `hXn.
`K-hm³ kmwIrXn BZn-Xy-tem-I¯p t]mbn AhnsS
At±lw `K-hm³ kqcys\ \a- kvI-cn¨p Nm£pjvaXn hnZy-
bm³ kvXpXn sNbvXp Hmw N£p-cn-{µnbw {]Im-in-¸n-¡p¶
`K-hm³ kqcy\v \a-kvImcw BIm-i-Nm-cn-bmb `K-hm³
N P
3
kqcy\v \a-kI v mcw. alm-tk-\-\mb {io kqcy\v \a-kI v m-
cw. Xtam KpW-cq-]-\mb kqcy\v \a-kI v m-cw. ctPm-Kp-W- cq-
]-\mb kqcy\v \a-kI v m-cw. kXzKpW-cq- ]-\mb kqcy\v \a-
kvImcw. `K-hms\ Fs¶ Ak-¯n \n¶v k¯n-te¡v
\bn-¨m-epw. AÔ-Im-c-¯n \n¶v {]Im-i-¯n-te¡v \bn-
¨m-epw. arXyp-hn \n¶v Aar-X-¯n-te¡v \bn-¨m-epw. B
kqcy-\m-bm-c-W³ ]cn-ip-²\pw {]Xn-cq-]- \p-am- W.v k¼qÀ®
cq]-[m-cnbpw civa n amenImaÞn- X\pw PmXn-th-ZÊpw
kzÀ®-k-am\ {]Im-i-ap-Å-h\pw tPymXn-kz-cq-]\pw Xm]-
bp-à-\p-amb kqcy-\m-cm-b-Ws\ R§Ä kvacn-¡p-¶p.
kl-{k-c-ivanbpw ]e-hn-[-¯n hÀ¯n-¡ p-¶-h-\p-amb
kqcy³ FÃm Pohn-I-fp-sSbpw ap¶n DZbw sN¿p-¶p.
R§-fpsS I®p-IÄ¡v {]Im-i-cq-]\pw AZnXn ]p{X-\p-amb
kqcy\v \a- kvIm- cw. hnizw [cn- ¡p¶ kqcy\v R§Ä R§-
fpsS kÀh-kzhpw kaÀ¸n-¡p-¶p. Cu Nm£p-ja v Xo hnZy-
bm kvXpXn- ¡- s¸- «-t¸mÄ kqcy- \m- cm- b- W³ Gähpw k´p-
ã-\mbn ]d-ªp. ""Cu Nm£p-ja v Xo hnZy \nXyhpw ]mcm-
bWw sN¿p¶ {_mÒ-W\v t\{X-tcmKw D­m-Ip-¶n-Ã.
Ahsâ hwi-¯n Bcpw AÔ-\m- In- Ã. F«p {_mÒ-Wsc
Cu hnZy ]Tn-¸n-¨m Cu hnZy¡v kn²n-bp-­mIpw CXv
Adn-bp¶ hyàn alm-\m-bn-¯o-cpw.''
ZznXob JÞw
AY l kmwIr-Xn-cm-ZnXyw ]{]Ñ `K-h³ {_Ò-
hnZymw ta {_ploXn Xam-ZntXym tlmhmN:þ
A\-´cw kmwIrXn kqcy-t\mSv ]d-ªp. ""`K-hms\
F\n¡v {_Ò- hnZy D]- tZ-in¨pXctW.'' AXp-tI«v BZn-Xy³
]dªp:
1. kmwIrtX irWp h£yan |
XXz Úm\w kpZpÀe`w |
tb\ hnÚm-X-am-t{XW |
Poh-·ptàm `hn-jykn ||
 363

I 2. kÀh-ta-I-aPw im´w A\´w {[ph-a-hybw | Ghw hnNm-ch - m³ bx kymXv | K

]iy³ `qXmÀ° Nn{Zq]w | kwkm-tcm-¯m-cWw {]Xn ||
im´ Akz bYm kpJw || 10. k `qan-Im-hm-\n-Xypàx |
3. Ath-Z\w hnZpÀ tbmKw | tij-kvXzmcy CXn kvarXx |
Nn¯-£-ba Ir{Xnaw | hnNm-c-\m-av\o-an-Xcm |
tbmKØx Ipcp IÀ½mWn | amKtXm tbmK-`q-anImw ||
\octkm hm Y am Ipcp || Pohn-IÄ A\p-tZzKIc-§fpw kuay-§e - p-amb
4. hncm-K-ap-]-bm-Xy-´Àþ IÀ½-§ Ä sN¿p-¶ p. kZm ]m]w `b- s ¸-S p-¶ p.
hmk-\m-kz-\ p-h m-kcw | t`mKm-t]£ IqSm-sX-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah³ kvt\l
{Inbm-kq-Zm-c- cq-]mkp | KÀ`-§fpw at\m-l-c -§ -fp-amb hm¡p-IÄ ]d-bp-
¶p. tZi-Im-em-\p-kr-X-amtb kwkm-cn-¡p-I-bpÅq.
{IatX tamZ-X-\zlw ||
a\km hmNm IÀ½Wm kÖ-\-kw-kÀ¤w sN¿pw
5. {Kmaymkp PU-tN-ãmkp | kZv{KÙ-§Ä hmbn-¡pw. kwkmc kmKcw XcWw
kXXw hnNn-In-ÕtX | sN¿-Ws - a-¶m-{K-ln-¡p-¶-h³ ap¼v kqNn-¸n¨ Imcy-
t\mZm-l-cXn aÀ½mWn | §-f n eo\-N n-¯ -c m-b n-c n-¡ pw. Ahs\ "`qan-I m-
hm³' F¶v ]d-bp-¶p. hnNm-cs - a¶ ZznXo-b-`q-an-I-
]pWy-IÀ½mWn tkhtX ||
tbmSpIqSn-b-hsâ e£Ww ]d-bmw.
kmwIr-Xn, Rm³ \n§Ä¡v Gähpw ZpÀe-`-amb XXz-
11. {ipXn kvarXn kZm-Nmcþ
Úm\w D]-tZin-¡mw. AXv Adn-ªm-ep-S³Xs¶ Poh-·p-
à-\m-Ipw. \n§Ä FÃm-{]m-Wn-IÄ¡pw GI\pw AP\pw [mc-Wm-[ym\ IÀ½Wx |
im´\pw Ahy-b\pw A\-´\pw {[ph\pw Nn{Zq-]-\p-amb apJymbm hymJybm JymXm³ |
{_Òs¯ I­v bYm-kpJw hkn-¡p-I. Bßm-hn-sâbpw {ibXn t{ijvT-]-Þn-Xm³ ||
]c-am-ßm-hn-sâ-bp-a-ÃmsX asäm-¶n- sâbpw {]XoXn D­m-I-
12. ]ZmÀ° {]hn-`m-KÚx |
cp-Xv. Cu Ah-Ø-bn-emWv tbmK-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶-Xv. AXn-
\m tbmK-Ø-\mbn IÀ½w sN¿p-I. tbmK-\ncXsâ Imcym-Imcy hn\nÀ®bw |
A´xIcWw ssZhn-Ih - m-k-\-I-fn \n¶-Ie- p-¶p. km[- Pm\m-Xy-[n-K -XÝ- mt\ym |
I³ DZm-c-IÀ½-§- fn-teÀs¸«v {]k-¶X A\p-`h - n-¡p-¶p. Krlw Krl-]-Xn-cyYm ||
AÚm-\n-If - psS PU-{]-hr-¯n-I-fn Ah\v tbmPn-¸n-Ã. 13. aZm-`n-am-\-am-Õ cyþ
Ah³ Ft¸mgpw t{ijvTIÀ½-§Ä am{Xta sN¿p-Ib - p-
Åq.
tem` tamlm-Xn-im-bnXmw |
_ln-c-]ym-Øn-Xm-\ p-t Zm-j m³
6. A\-t\ym-tZz-K -Im-cnWo |
apPy-Xy-ln-cnh XzNx ||
arZp IÀ½mWn tkhtX |
14. C°w `qX-]Xnx imkv{Xþ
]m]m-Zzn-t`Xn kXXw |
Kpcp-k-Ö-\-tk-h bm |
\ N t`mK-a-t]-£tX |
k cl-ky-a-ti-tjW |
7. kvt\l {]Wb KÀ`mWn |
bYm-h-Z[o KÑXn ||
t]i-em\yp NnXm\n N |
{ipXn, kvarXn, kZm-Nm-cw, [mc-Ww, [ym\w F¶n-h-
tZi-Im-tem-]-]-¶m\n |
bpsS D¯a hymJym-Xm-¡sf AbmÄ B{i-bn-¡p-¶p.
hN-\m\y`n`m-jtX ||
imkv{XÚm\-amÀÖn-¡p-¶-Xn-\m IÀ¯hy \nÀ®bw
8. a\km IÀ½Wm hmNm | sN¿m³ kaÀ°-\m-Ip-¶p. ]Z-]-ZmÀ°-hn-`mKw icn¡v a\-
kÖ-\m-\p] tkhtX | Ên-em-¡pw. aZm-`n-am-\-tam-l-§-fpsS B[nIyw Ahsâ
bXx IpX-Ýn-Zm-\ob | Nn¯s¯ Iep-jn-X-am-¡p-I-bn-Ã. Ah\v Hcp _mly-Øn-
\nXyw imkv{XmWy t]£tX || Xn-bp-­.v kÀ¸w AXnsâ ]pdw N« Dt]-£n-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse
Ah³ _mly tZmj-§-Ä Dt]-£n-¡p-¶p. C§-s\-bpÅ
9. XZm f ku {]Y-am-taImw |
km[-I³ bYm-hn[n imkv{Xw, Kpcp F¶n-h-cpsS Ir]-bmÂ
{]m]vtXm `hXn `qanImw | kIe Imcy-§fpw {Kln-¡p-¶p.

N P
 364

I 15. Akw-kÀ¤m-Zn-[m-a\zmw | 23 t`m-Km-t`mKm alm-tcmKmx | K

XrXobmw tbmK `qanImw | k¼Zx ]c-am-]Zx |
XXx hni-Xy-sku Im´x | hntbm-Km-ssbh kwtbmKmx |
]pjv]-i-¿m-an-hm-aemw || B[-tbm-hy-[tbm [nbmw ||
16. bYm-h-Ñm-i m-kv {X-hm-IymÀt° | 24. ImemÝ Ie-t\m-Zypàx
aXn-am-[m-b-\n-Ýemw | kÀh-`m-hm-\\m cXw |
Xm]-km-{i-a- hn- {imss´þ A\m-Øm-tbXn `mhm\mw |
c[ym-ß-I-Y-{Issax || bZ `mhm-\-am-´cw ||
17. inem-i-¿m-k-\m-kot\m | 25. hmIymÀ°-e-_ v[-a-\kx |
Pc-b-Xym-b p-cm-XXw | kmamt\ym kmh kwKax |
h\m-h-\n-hn-lm-tcW | At\\ {Ia-tbm-tK\ |
Nnt¯m-]-ia tim`n\m || kwtbm-tK\ alm-ß\mw ||
18. Akw-K-kp-J-ku-tJy\ | 26. \mlw IÀt¯-izcx IÀ¯m |
Imew \bXn \oXn-am³ | IÀ½ hm {]mà\w aa |
A`ym-kmXv km[p-im-kv{XmWmw | IrXzm Zqc-Xtc \q\þ
Ic-WmXv ]pWy-IÀ½Wmw || anXn i_vZmÀ° `mh\m |
19. Pt´mÀb-Ym-h-tZ-thbw | b·-t\m-\-am-k\w im´w |
hkvXp Zrãnx {]ko-ZXn | XXv t{ijvTm-kwK DNytX ||
XrXobmw `qanImw {]m]y | kmam-\y-sa¶pw t{ijvT-sa¶pw Akw-kÀ¤w c­p-hn-
_pt²m f \p `hXn kzbw || [- ap­v. Rm³ IÀ¯mthm t`màmthm _m[y- Øt\m _m[-
It\m H¶p-a-Ã. Cu hn[-¯n hnjb-§-fn-epÅ A\m-k-
tbmK-¯nsâ XrXob `qanI Akw- kÀ¤-¯n {]th-
à-`m-h-amWv kmam\yw Cu P·-¯n Fs´-Ãm-amtWm
in-¨p-sIm-­m-Wv. imkv{X-§-fn F´p-]-d-bpt¶m Ah-
\½psS ap¶n- ep-ÅXv AsXÃmw ]qÀÆ-P· IÀ½ ^e-am- W.v
bn Ahn-N-e-amb _p²n sNep¯n Xt]m-\n-jT v -cmb ap\n-
AXp-sIm­v kpJtam ZpxJtam BIs« AXn Rms\´p
am-cpsS B{i-a-§-fn Xma-kn¨v imkv{X- NÀ¨-IÄ sNbvXv
sN¿m- \mWv? t`mKw tcmK- Im- c-W- am- Wv. ssh`- h-§Ä B]- ¯p-
]md-¸p-d¯v InS¶v AhnsS Ccp¶v Imew Ign-¡p- ¶p. Nn¯-
¡Ä¡v Imc-W- am-Wv. FÃm kwtbm-K-§fpw hntbm-K- Im-cn- I-
im´n ssIh- ¶-Xn- \m \oX- Ú- ·mÀ Im«n Ignªv hnj-
fm-W.v am\-kn-I-Nn-´- IÄ AÚm\nIÄ¡v hym[n¡v Xpey-
bm-kàn ssIhn«v kzm`m-hn-I-ambn e`n-¡p¶ kpJw A\p-
am-Ip-¶p. kI-eXpw \in-¡p-¶-Xm-W.v Fs´- ¶m Ime³
`-hn-¡p-¶p. ]pWy-IÀ½-§-fmepw D¯-a -im-kv{Xm-`ymkw
Ahsb {Kmk-am-¡p-¶p. imkvt{Xm-]-tZ-i-§Ä a\-Ên-
sIm­pw bmYmÀ°yw ImWm-\pÅ Pohn-I- fpsS Zrãn kzÑ-
em¡nbm Ah- bn A\m-Ø- bp- ­m- Ip- ¶p. a\- Ên A`m-
ambn Xocp-¶p. Cu XrXob `qanI ssIh-¶m km[-I³
h-`m-h-\bpw D­m-Ipw. CXmWv kmam-\y-amb Akw-kÀ¤w.
kzbw _p²-\m-Ipw.
Rm³ IÀ¯m-h-Ã. Fsâ ]qÀh-P-·-amWv IÀ¯m-h.v AsÃ-
20. Zzn{]-I m-c-a-kw-kÀ¤w | ¦n ]c- am- ßm- hmWv C§- s\- bpÅ Nn´- IÄ \ntÈjw \in¸n-
Xkym-t`-Za - nZw irWp | ¨-Xn-\p- tijw ssIh-cp¶ a\-\w, Bk- \w, im´- `mhw F¶n-
Zznhnt[m f ba-kw-kÀ¤x | h- bmWv DXvIr-ã- amb Akw- kÀ¤-sa¶v ]d-bw.m
kmam\yx t{ijvT Gh N || 27. kt´m-jm-tam-Z-a-[pcm |
21. \mlw IÀ¯m \ t`màm N | {]Y-tam-tZXn `qanIm |
\N _mt[ym \ _m[Ix | `qhn t{]mZn-Xa - mt{Xm f ´þ
CXy-k-RvP -\-aÀt° f jp kmam\ymþ car-Xm-¦p-cn-tIh km ||
kwK \maIw || 28. Gjm ln ]cn-ar-ãm´xþ
22. {]¡À½-\nÀ½nXw kÀh-ao-iz-cm-[o-\-tah hm c\ymkm {]k-ssh-I`px |
kpJw hm bZn hm ZpxJw | ZzXobmw N XrXobmw N |
ssIhm{X Xh IÀ¯rXm || `qanImw {]]v\p-bm-¯Xx ||

N P
 365

I 29. t{ijvTm-kÀh-Xm-tlyjm | 36. kpjp-]vX-a\ GhmkvtX | K

XrXobm `qan-Im{X ln | ]©aow `qanImw KXx |
`h´n t{]mPvQnXm tijþ A´Àap-J-Xbm XnjvT³ |
k¦-ev]-I-e\mw ]qam³ || _lnÀhr¯n ]tcm]n k³ ||
30. `qan-Im-{in-X -bm- `ymkmþ 37. ]cn-{im-´-Xbm \nXyw |
ZÚmt\ £bam KtX | \n{Zm-ep-cnh e£ytX |
kaw kÀh{X ]iy´n | IpÀh-¶ -`ym-k-ta-X kymw |
NXpÀ°ow `qanImw KXm || `qan-Imbmw hnhm-k\x ||
31. AssZztX ssØcy-am-btX | 38. jjvTow Xpcym-`n-[m-a\ymw |
ssZztX N {]iaw KtX | {IamXv ]XXn `qanImw |
]iy´n kz]v\-h-tÃmIw NXpÀ°n `qanImw b{X \mk-¶-k-{Zpt]m |
KXmx || \mlw \m]y-\lw IrXnx ||
32. `qan-Im-{Xn-Xbw Pm{K 39. tIhew £oW-a-\-\þ
NXpÀ°o kz]v\ DNytX amkvtX f ssZztX f Xn\nÀ`-b x |
{]Ya `qanI kt´m-jm-\-µa - -[p-c-ambn A´xIc-W-cq- \nÀ{KÙnx im´-k-tµtlm |
]-¯n-epÅ ]rYzn-bn Aar-Xm-¦pcw s]m«n-¸p-d-s¸-Sp-¶-Xp- Poh³·ptàm hn`m-h\x ||
t]mse {]I-S-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Cu `qanI Zriy-am-Ip-t¼mÄ 40. A\nÀhmtWm f ]n\nÀhmWþ
aäp `qan-Ifpw {]I-S-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m A´x IcWw Hcp Ýn{X-Zo] Ch ØnXx |
t£{X-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. ]ns¶ km[-I\v c­m-a-s¯bpw
jjvTymw `qam-hku ØnXzm |
aq¶m-a-s¯bpw `qan-I-IÄ ssIh-cp-¶p. ap¶nepw sh¨v
aq¶m- as¯XmWv kÀthm- ¯- aw. F´p-sIm- s­-¶m AXv k]vXaow `qan-am-]v\p-bmXv ||
{]I-S -a-mbn-¡ -gn-ªm k¦-ev] -¯n \n¶p-­ m-Ip¶ km[-Isâ a\Êv ]©-`q-anI ssIh-cp-t¼mÄ icXv
kIe hr¯n-Ifpw \in-¡p-¶p. aq¶p `qan-I-Ifpw A`y- Ime-¯n taL-§Ä BIm-i- ¯n ebn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse
kn-¡p¶ km[- I³ AÚm\w \in-¨-Xn- s\- ¯p-SÀ¶v \mem- hnebw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. AtXmsS kXzw am{Xw Ah-ti-jn-
as¯ `qan-Isb {]th-in¨v kÀh{X kaÀZÀin-bm-Ip-¶p. ¡pw. Cu Ah-Ø-bn kmwkm-cnI hnI-e] v -§Ä DZn-¡p-
B ka-b¯v ssZzX-`mhw kzbw tem]n¨p t]mI-¯-¡- ¶n-Ã . Cu `qan-I -tbm-Sp-I qSn km[-I sâ kIe t`Z
hn[w AssZzX `mh\ ZrV-X-c-am-Ip-¶p. C§s\ \memw _p²nbpw im´-a mbn AbmÄ AssZz-X m-h -Ø -b nÂ
`qan-I-bn-se-¯nb km[-I³ Cu temIs¯ kz]v\-sa- F¯p¶p. ssZzX-`m-h-\m-i-¯m kpjp-]vX-]Zw F¶p
t¶mWw PmK- c- W- cq-]- ¯n-ep- Å- Xm-sW¶pw \mem-as¯ `qan- t]cpÅ ]©-`q-an-Isb Bß-Úm-\n-bmb km[-I³ hi-
I -kz-]\ v -am-sW¶pw ]d-bp-¶p. ¯m-¡p-¶p. Ah³ _mly- hy- h-lm- c-t¯m- Sp- Iq- Sn- b- h-\m-sW-
¦n- epw A´Àap-J- \mbpw kZm £oW-¨-h- s\-t¸m-sebpw Dd-
33. Nn¯w Xp ic-ZY - -{`mwiþ
§p-¶-hs - \-t¸m-sebpw ImW-s¸-Spw. Cu `qanI kn²n-¨-Xn-
hnebw {]ho-en-btX | \p-tijw hmk-\m-c-ln-X-\mb km[-I³ Bdmw `qan-I-bnÂ
kXzm-h-tij GhmkvtX | {]thin¡p-¶p. AhnsS k¯v, Ak-¯v, Al-¦m-cw, A\-
]©aow `qanImw KXmx || l-¦mcw, a\-\m-ß-I-hr¯n CsXm¶pw D­m-hn-Ã. Ahsâ
lrZ-b-{K-Ùn-IÄ Xpd- ¡-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ kÀh ktµ-l- \n- hr- ¯-
34. PK-Zzn-Ievt]m t\mtZXn Nn{X-kym-{X-
\m-bn-¯o-cp- ¶p. At¸mÄ Ah³ `mh-iq-\y-\m-bn-cn-¡pw.
hn-tem-]-\mXv |
Ah³ \nÀhmW ]Zw {]m]n-¡msX Xs¶ XmZr- i- amb Ah-
]©aow `qan-Im-taXy | Ø-bn-se¯n Poh-·p-à-\m-Ip-¶p. At¸m-gs¯ AhØ
kpjp]vX ]Z-\m-anImw || Nn{X-Zo-]k- -Zr-i-am-Wv. Cu Bdmw `qan-I-¡p-tijw Ggmw
35. im´m-ti-j-h n-ti-jmwiþ `qan-I-bn-se-¯pw.
kvXnjvTXy ssZzX-am-{XIx | 41. hntZl apà Xm f t{Xmàm |
- sZz-X-\nÀ`mtkm |
Kfn-Xs - o-tbmK `qanIm |
k]vXa
apZntXm f ´x {]t_m-[-hm³ || AKaym hm-Nkmw im´m |
km koam kÀh-`q-anjp |
N P
 366

I 42. temIm-\p-hÀ¯\w Xyàzm | 48. Ahn-`ym-Xn-an-cm-XoXw | K

Xyàzm tZlm-\p-hÀ¯\w | kÀhm-`m-k-hn-hÀPnXw |
imkv{Xm-\p-h À¯\w Xyàzm | B\-µ-a-aew ip²w |
km[ymkm ]\bw Ipcp || at\m-hm-Nm-a-tKm-Ncw ||
43. HmwIm-c-am-{X-a-Jnew | 49. {]Úm-\-L-\-am-\µw |
hniz-{]m-ÚmZn e£Ww | {_Òm-kvaoXn hn`m-h-tbXv |
hmNy-hm-N-I-Xm-t`Zm | CXyp-]- \ n-jXv
t`tZ-\m\p ]e-_v[nXx || k]vX-a-`q-an-I-bn hntZ-l-ap-àn-bpsS AhØ ssIh-
44. AIm-c-am{Xw hnizx kymþ- cp-¶p. B `qanI F{Xbpw im´-amWv hmNm-a-tKm-N-c-am-W.v
ZpIm-c-kvssX-Pkx kvarXx | FÃm `qan- II - -fp-sSbpw A´n-a-ko-a-bmb ChnsS kÀh-`q-
an-I-Ifpw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. CXn temIm-Nm-chpw tZlm-
{]mtÚm aImc CtXyhw |
Nm-c hpw imkv{Xm-N m-c hpw XyPn-¡ -s ¸-S p-¶ p. hnizw,
]cn-]-tiyXv {ItaW Xp || {]mÚw, ssXPkw apX- emb cq]-§-fn Cu k¼qÀ®
45. kam-[n-Im-emXv {]tKh | {]]-©hpw HmwImcw Xs¶. AXn hmNy-hm-N-I-t`-Z-an-Ã.
hnNn-´ymXn {]b-Xv\Xx | t`Z-ap-s­-¦n AXv {]m]n-¡m\pw km[y-a-Ã. HmwIm-c-
Øqe kq£va-{I-amXv kÀhw | ¯nsâ {]Y-a-am-{X-bmb AImcw hnizhpw DImcw ssXP-
khpw aImcw {]mÚ-hp-am-Ip-¶p. kam-[n¡p ap¼p Xs¶
NnZm-ß\n hntem-]-tbXv ||
ITn\ {]b- Xv\-¯m CXn-s\-¸än Nn´n-¡- Ww. kq£vaØq-
46. NnZm-ßm\w \nXy-ip²þ e-{I-a-¯n kÀhhpw NnZm-ßm-hn ebn-¸n-¡-Ww. NnZm-
_pZ-[-apà kZ-Zzbx | ßm-hns\ kzkz-cq-]-sa¶p IcpXn Rm³ Xs¶-b mWv
]c-am-\-µ-kw-tµtlm | \nXy\pw ip²\pw AZzn-Xo-b\pw ]c-am-\-µ-a-b\pw hmkp-
tZ-h\pw {]W-h-kz-cq-]-\p-sa- ¶pÅ ZrV-`m-h\ - -tbm-sS-bn-cn-
hmkp-tZ-thm-l-tam-anXn ||
¡-Ww. Cu {]]-©-amsI BZn-a-[ym´ cq]-¯n ZpxJa-
47. BZn-a-[ym-h -km-t\jp | b-am-W.v AXn-\m kÀh-Xym-Kn-bmbn XXzw tXSp-I. Rm³
ZpxJw kÀh-anZw bXx | B\-µc - q-]\pw \nÀ½-e\pw {]Úm-L-\\ - p-amb {_Ò-am-
XkvamXv kÀhw ]cn-XyPy | sW¶v Nn´n-¡-Ww. CXp-Xs¶ D]-\n-j-{Zp-]-amb clkyw.
XXz-XnjvtTm `hm-\L || A£yp-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p. þþ- þ- þ- þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þþ

1 Aß- ] q- t Pm- ] - \ n- j ¯v 3

- Hmw. Xky \nÝn-´ \w [ym\w. kÀh-I À½
\ncm-Ic- -Wa- m-hm-l\
- w. kÀh IÀ½ \ncm-Ic - -Wa- m-
hm-l\- w. \nÝ-e-Úm-\-am-k-\w. ktZm³apJ-`mhx
]mZyw kZm-a-\kvI aÀLyw. k±o]vXn cmN-a-\obw
hcm-I p-X -{]-h rXnx kv\ m\w kÀhm-ß -I -X z-Z riy
hnetbm KÔx Zrizn-in-jvS-am-ß\x A£Xx NnZm-
Zo]vXnx ]pjv]w. kqcym-ßI - Xzw Zo]x ]cn-]qÀ®
N{µm-arX cssk-Io-I-cWw ss\th-Zyw. \nÝ-eXzw
{]Z-£n-Ww. tkml-`mthm \a-kvI mcx ]c-ta-i zc
kvX pXnÀ au\w kZm kt´mtjm hnkÀP-\ w.
Ghw ]cn-]qÀ® cmP-tbm-Kn\x kÀhm-ßI ]qtPm-
]-Nmcx kymXv. kÀhm-ßI - ky Bßm-temtcm `h-
Xn. kÀh-\n-cm-ab ]cn-]qÀt®mlakvao-Xn. apap-
£pWmw tamss£I kn²nÀ `h-Xn.
CXyp-]-\n-jXv
[ym\w F¶Xv B Bßm-hnsâ \nc-´-c-amb Nn´\w
Xs¶-bmWv. FÃm IÀ½-§-fp-sSbpw XymKw Bhm-l-
\sa¶-v Adn-b-s¸-Sp¶p. Ønc-Úm\w Xs¶-bmWv Bk-
\w. AXnsâ t\tc Ft¸mgpw D·p-J-\m-Ip-¶-XmWv ]mZyw.
AXn\p t\À¡v a\Êv XnI¨pw hym]-c n-¡ p-¶-X mWv
AÀLyw F¶Xv. Ft¸mgpw Bßm-cm-asâ Zo]vXn Xs¶-

N P
 367
I bmWv BN-a-\o-bamWv. A Xnsâ {]m]vXn Xs¶
kv\m\hpw. kÀhm-ß-Ia - mb Zriy-¯nsâ hne-b-amWv
KÔw F¶-Xp-sIm-­p-t±-in-¡p-¶Xv. A´ÀÚm\ N£p-
ÊmWv A£-Xw. NnXv {]Imiw Xs¶-bmWv ]pjv]hpw.
kqcym-ß-I³ Xs¶-bmWv Zo]vXw. ]cn-]qÀ® N{µsâ
AarX ck-¯nsâ GIo-I-c-W-amWv ss\th-Zyw. Ønc-X-
bmWv {]Z-£n-Ww. "tkmlw' F¶ `mh-amWv \a-kvIm-cw.
au\w F¶Xv ]c-ta-iz-c\p t\À¡pÅ kvXpXn Xs¶-
bmWv. kZm k´p-jvS-\m-bn-cn-¡p-I-sb-¶X
- mWv hnkÀP-
\w. C{]-Imcw ]cn-]qÀ® cmP-tbm-Kn-bpsS kÀhm-ßI
1 A[ym- t ß- m ]- \ n- j ¯v 3
im´n- ] mTw
Hmw ] qÀ ® - a Zx ] qÀ ® - a nZw ] qÀ ® mX v
]q˨apZNytX ]q˨ky ]q˨-am-Zmb ]q˨-
tahm hinjytX
Cu ]c-{_Òw ]qÀ®-am-Wv. Cu PK¯pw ]qÀ®-am-
Wv. Cu ]qÀ® {_Ò-¯n \n¶pw ]qÀ® PK-¯v- D-e]
v -¶-
am-Ip-¶p. Cu ]qÀ® {_Ò-¯nÂ\n¶pw ]qÀ®-P-K¯v
FSp-¯mepw ]qÀ®-{_Òw Xs¶ Ah-ti-jn-¡p-¶p.
lcn Hmw A´x icotc \nlntXm Kplm-bm-aP
GtIm ln \nXy-aky ]rYnho icocw bx ]rYnho
a´tc k©- c \yw ]rYnho \ thZ bkym]x
icocw tbm At]m f ´tc k©-c -\ y-amt]m \
hnZpx bky tXPx icocw bkvtX tPm f ´tc
k©-c\yw tXtPm \ thZx bky hmbpx icocw
tbm hmbpa´tc k©-c \yw hmbpÀ\ thZ b
kymImi icocw bB-Imix a´tc k©-c-\y-am-
Imtim \thZ bky a\x icocw tbm at\m f
´tc k©c\yw at\m \ thZ bky _p²nx
icocw tbm _p²n-a-´ tc k©-c \yw _p²nÀ\
thZ bkyml¦mcx icocw tbm f lwIm-c-a-´tc
k©-c\yw Al-¦mtcm \ thZ. bkyky Nn¯w
icocw bÝn¯a-´tc k©-c\yw Nn¯w \ thZ
bkym hyàw icocw tbmhy-à -a-´ tc k©c
\yahyàw \ thZ bkym-£ cw icocw tbm f
£ca´tc k©-c-\y-a-´cw \ thZ | bky arXyp
N P
K
cq]- amb ]qPbpw D]- Nm-chpw kÀhm-ß-I- Xbpw Xs¶- bmWv
Bßm-hn\v B[m-cam-Ip-¶Xv. Cu `mh\ tam£w CÑn-
¡p-¶h - c
- psS tam£-¯nsâ kn²n-bm-Ip-¶p. AXm-bXv
km[m-cW ]qPsb kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw [ym\w, Bhm-
l\w, KÔw, ss\thZyw BZn-bm-bh Bh-iy-apÅXm-
Ip¶p. AXp-t]mse Xs¶ Bß-]q-Pbv¡v Hmtcm-¶m-h-
iy-am-Wv. AXm-bXv A§s\sbms¡ sNbvXm am{Xta
Bßm-hnsâ kap-NnXamb ]qP-bm-Ip¶p-Åq.
Aß-]q-tPm-]\
- n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
icocw tbm arXyp-a-´ tc k©-c \yw arXypÀ\
thZ k Gj kÀh-`q-Xm-´-cmßm f ]l-X-]m]va m
Znthym tZh GtIm \mcm-bWx
1. Alw ataXn tbm `mthm I
tZlm-£m-`m-h-\m-ß\n I
A[ym-tkmbw \nc-kvXthym I
hnZqjm {_Ò-\n-jvTbm II
lcn Hmw ico-c-¯nsâ DÅn lrZ-b-K-lz-c-¯n P\-
\-an-Ãm¯ H¶v \nXyw hkn-¡p-¶p. AXnsâ icocw ]rYzn-
bm-Wv. AXv ]rYzn-¡p-Ån hkn-¡p-¶p-sh-¦nepw ]rYzn
AX-dn-bp-¶n-Ã. Pew AXnsâ ico-c-am-Wv. AXv Pe-¯n-\p-
Ån hkn-¡p-¶p-sh-¦nepw Pew AX-dn-bp-¶n-Ã. AXnsâ
icocw tXP-Êm-Wv. AXv tXP-Ên-\p-Ån hkn-¡p-¶p-sh-
¦nepw tXPÊv AX-dn-bp-¶n-Ã. AXnsâ icocw hmbp-hm-
Wv. AXv hmbp-hn-\p-Ån Xma-kn-¡p-¶p-sh-¦nepw hmbp
AXv Adn-bp-¶n-Ã. BImiw AXnsâ ico-ca - m-Wv. AXv
BIm-i- ¯n- \p-Ån hkn-¡p-¶p-sh-¦nepw BImiw AX-
dn-bp-¶n-Ã. AXnsâ icocw a\-Êm-Wv. AXv a\-Ên-\p-Ån-
emWv hkn-¡p-¶-sX-¦nepw a\Êv AX-dn-bp-¶n-Ã. _p²n
AXnsâ ico-c-am-W.v AXv _p²n-¡p-Ån hkn-¡p-¶p-sh-
¦nepw _p²n AXns\ Adn-bp-¶n-Ã. AXnsâ icocw Al-
¦m-c-am-Wv. AXv Al-¦m-c-¯n-\p-Ån-em-Wv hkn-¡p-¶-sX-
¦nepw Al-¦mcw AXv Adn-bp-¶n-Ã. Nn¯w AXnsâ ico-
c-am-Wv. AXv Nn¯-¯n-\p-Ån-em-sW-¦nepw Nn¯w AX-dn-
bp-¶n-Ã. AXnsâ icocw Ahy-à-am-Wv. AXv Ahy-à-
 368

I ¯nsâ DÅn-emWv hkn-¡p-¶-sX-¦nepw Ahyàw AXns\ 7. LSm-Imiw alm-Imi I K

Adn-bp-¶n-Ã. AXnsâ icocw A£-c-am-Wv. AXv A£-c- Chm-ßm\w NnZm-ß\n
¯n-\p-Ån-emWv hkn-¡p-¶-sX-¦nepw A£cw AX- dn-bp-¶n-
hnem-]ym-J-Þ-`m-th\ I
Ã. AXnsâ icocw arXyp-hm-W.v AXv arXyp-hn-¶p-Ån-emWv
hkn-¡p-¶-sX-¦nepw arXyp AXns\ Adn-bp-¶n-Ã. AXp XqjvWow `h kZm apt\ II
Xs¶- bmWv C¡m-Wp¶ kÀh-`q-X-§-fp-sSbpw A´- cm-ßm- 8. kz{]-Im-i-a-[njvTm\w I
hv. AXnsâ ]m]-§Ä \in¨p t]mbn-cn-¡p-¶p. AXp-Xs¶
kzbw `qb kZm-ß\m I
GI\pw Znhy-\p-amb \mcm-bW- ³. tZtl-{µn-bmZn A\m-ß-
]-ZmÀ°-§fpw AXn-\p-ap-]cn Rms\¶pw FtâXv F¶pw {_Òm-Þa - ]n ]nÞmÞw I
DÅ `mhhpw D­v. AXv {`aw am{Xw. AXp-sIm­v Adn- XyPyXmw ae-`m-Þ-hXv II
hpÅhÀ {_Ò-\n-jvT-bm Cu A[ymkw AI-se-bm-¡-
9. NnZm-ß\n kZm-\tµ I
Ww.
tZl-cq-Vm-alw [nbw I
2. ÚmXzm Xw {]Xy-Km-ßm\w I \nth-iy-e nw-K-ap-Õr-Py
_p²n XZv hr¯n-km-£nWw I -tI-htem `h kÀhZm II
tkml-an-tXyh XZv hrXym I
10. bss{Xj PK-Zm-`mtkm I
kzm\y-{Xm-ß-aXnw XytPXv II
ZÀ¸-Wm-´-]pcw bYm I
3. temIm-\p-hÀ¯\w Xyàzm I XZv {_Òm-l-an-Xn-ÚmXzm I
Xyàzm tZlm-\p-hÀ¯\w I IrX-Ir-tXym- `-hm-\ L
imkv{Xm-\p-hÀ¯\w Xràzm I
Cu icocw amXm-]n-Xm- ¡- ·m-cpsS ae- ¯n \n¶p D­m-
kzm[ym-km-]-\bw Ipcp II bn-«p-Å Xpw ae-a mw-k -a-b -hp-amWv AXn-\ m AXns\
4. kzmß-t\yh kZm ØnXzm NÞm-f-s\-t¸me IcpXn {_Ò-kz-cq-]\pw IrX-Ir-Xy-\p-
at\m \iyXn tbmKn\x I ambn `hn-¡p-I. alÀtj, alm-Im-i-¯n LSm-Im-i-sa-¶-
t]mse ]c-am-ßm-hn Bßm-hns\ ebn-¸n¨v AJ-Þ-`m-
bpàym {ipXzm kzm\p-`qXym I
h-t¯msS aqI-\m-bn-cn-¡p-I. kzbw {]Im-im-ß- Ihpw A[n-
ÚmXzm kÀhm-ßy-am-ß\x II jvT m\ {_Ò-c q-] -h p-ambn XoÀ¶v {_Òm-Þ-s¯bpw
5. \n{Zmbmx temI-hmÀ¯mbm I ]nÞm-Þ-s¯bpw ae- ]m-{X-sa¶ t]mse ]cn-Xy-Pn-t¡- ­-
i_vZm-tZ-cmß hnkvartXx I Xm-W.v ico-c-¯n cqV-aq-e-amb Al-¦m-c-_p-²nsb kZm
B\-µc - q-]-amb NnZm-ßm-hn Dd-¸n¨v enwK-i-cocw XyPn¨v
IzNn-¶m-h-kcw ZXzm I
kZm tIh-em-ß-kz-cq-]-\mbn `hn-¡p-I. A\-L, I®m-Sn-
Nn´-bm-ßm-\-am-ß\n II bn Hcp \Kcw ImW-s¸-Sp-¶-Xp-t]mse GsXm-¶n-emtWm
{]Xy-Km-ßm-hmWv kzbw _p²n¡pw AXnsâ hr¯n¡pw Cu PK-¯nsâ {]Xo-Xn-bp-­m-Ip-¶Xv B {_Òw Rm³
km£n F¶-dnªv AXv Rm\mWv F¶ Nn´-tbmsS Xs¶-bm-Wv. F¶p a\-Ên-em¡n \o IrX-Ir-Xy-\mbn `hn-
Xms\m-gnsI asäÃm ]ZmÀ°-§-sfbpw Dt]-£n¡p-I. ¨m- epw.
temIm- \p-hÀ¯-\hpw tZlm-\p-hÀ¯-\hpw imkv{Xm-\p-
11. Al-¦mc {Klm-·pàx I
hÀ¯-\hpw XyPn¨v Bßm-hn-epÅ A[ym-k-hpw Dt]-£n-
¡p-I. Bß-Øn-X-\mbn bpàn, {ih-Ww, kzm\p-`qXn kzcq-] -ap-]-]-ZytX I
F¶nh aptJ\ kzbw kI-e-Xn-sâbpw Bß-cq-]a - m-sW- N{µ-h-Zzn-aex ]qÀ®x I
¶-dnªp Ign-bp-t¼mÄ tbmKn-bpsS a\Êv \in-¡p-¶p. Dd- kZm-\µx kzbw {]`x II
¡w, temI-hmÀ¯-IÄ, i_vZm-Zn-hn-j-b-§Ä Bß-hn-kX v -
cWw F¶n-h¡v Hcn-S¯pw CSw \ÂImsX Bßm-hn 12. {Inbm-\mti `th-¨n´m I
Xs¶ Bßm-hns\ hnNn-´\w sN¿p-I. \mtim f kvamZv hmk-\£- bx I
6. amXm-]n-tXmÀa-tem-Zv`qXm I hmk-\m-{]-£ -bm-t·m£x I
ae-amw-k-abw h]px I km Poh-·p-àn-cp-NytX II
Xyàzm NÞm-e-hn-XvZqcw I 13. kÀh{X kÀhXx kÀhþ
{_Ò-`qb IrXo-`h II {_Ò am{Xm-h-tem-I\w I

N P
 369

I kZv`m-h-`m-h-\m-ZmÀVymZv I 20. kzbw {_Òm kzbw hnjvWpx I K

hmk-\m-e-b-a -iv\ ptX II kzb-an{µx kzbw inhx I
14. {]amtZm {_Ò-\n-jvTmbmw I kzbw hniz-anZw kÀhw I
\ IÀ¯hyx IZm-N\ I kzkvam-Z\yw \ In©\ II
{]mtamtZm arXyp-cn-Xymlp I BÀ¡v Pohn-¨n-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ Xs¶ ssIheyw e`n- ¡m³
ÀhnZymbmw {_Ò-hm-Zn\ II Ign-bp-t¶m Ah³ tZl-c-ln-X-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶Xn\p tijhpw
{_Ò-kz- cq-]-\m-bn-¯o-cpw. AXn-\m A\-L, \o kam-[n-\n-
15. bYm-]-Irãw ssihmew I
jvT-\mbn hnIev] clo-X-\m-bn-`h - n-¡p-I. \nÀhn-Iev] kam-
£W-am{Xw \ XnjvTXn [n-bm Bß-ZÀi\w km[n-¨m lrZ-b- ¯nse AÚm\
Bhr-tWmXn XYm ambm I {KÙn-IÄ Aäp-t]m-Ip-¶p. Bßm-hn Bß-`mhw Dd-¸n¨v
{]mÚw hm]n ]cm-MvapJw II Al-¦m- cm- Zn- I-fn- epÅ Bß- `mhw shSn- bp- I. hkv{Xw, ]m{Xw,
apX-em-b-h-bn DZm-ko\ `mhw hln- ¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse Xs¶
Bß kzcq]w {]m]n-¡p-hm³ Al-¦m-c-¯n \n¶v Al-¦m-cm-Zn-I-fnepw DZm-ko\ `mh-t¯msS Pohn-¡-Ww.
hnap- à-\mb hyàn¡p am{Xta km[n-¡p-I- bp- Åq. AXn\p {_Òw apXÂ ]pÂs¡mSn hsc-bpÅ FÃm D]m-[n- Ifpw
tijw N{µ-s\-t¶mWw \nÀ½-e-\mbn kZm B\-µ-kz-cq-]- anYy- bm- W.v AXn-\m kzcq-]- ¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ ]qÀ®-
¯n kzbw {]Im-in-X-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. {Iobm-\m-i-¯n amb Bßm-h n-s \-Xs¶ kI-e-bn-S¯pw ZÀin-¡-Ww.
Nn´m- \m- ihpw Nn´m-\m-i- ¯n hmk-\m-\m-ihpw D­m-Ip- {_Òmhpw hnjvWphpw C{µ\pw inh\pw PK¯pw F¶Ã
¶p. hmk-\m-\miw Xs¶ tam£w. AXp Xs¶- bmWv Poh- Cu ImWp¶ kI- eXpw Rm³ Xs¶. F¶n \n¶pw `n¶-
·p-àn, kÀh{X kI-e-`m-K¯pw FÃm-än-s\bpw tIh-e{- _- ambn H¶p-anà F¶ Nn´m-KXn D­mIWw.
Ò-kz-cq-]-ambn ImWpI F¶pÅ kZv`m-h\ ZrV-am-bn-¯o-
21. kzmß-Xym-tcm-]n-Xm-tijm I
cp-t¼mÄ hmk-\m-\miw kw`-hn-¡p-¶p. {_Ò-\n-jvT-bnÂ
Hcp Imc-W-h-imepw {]amZw ImWn-¡-cp-Xv. F´p-sIm-s­- `mk hkvXp-\n-cm-kXx I
¶m AXp Xs¶- bmWv acWw F¶v thZm-´n-IÄ ]d-bp- kzb-tah ]cw {_Ò I
¶p. ]mb shÅ-¯n \n¶v Aev]w sXän amdn-bmepw ]qÀ®-a-Zz-b-a-{Inbw II
AXv ho­pw shÅs¯ Bh-cWw sN¿m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. 22. AkXv Ievt]m hnI-evt]mbw I
AXp-t]mse _p²n-am-\mb hyànbpw {_Ò-\n-jvT-bnÂ
hniz-an-tXy- I-h -kvX p\m I
\n¶v sXän-am-dn-bm amb Ahs\ Bh-cWw sN¿m-Xn-cn-
¡p-I-bn-Ã . \nÀhn-Imtc \ncm-Imtc I
16. PohtXm bky ssIheywI \nÀhn-titj `nZm IpXx II
hntZtlm f ]n k tIhex I 23. Zrã-ZÀi-\-Zr-iym-Znþ
kam-[n-\n-jvT-Xm-taXy I `mh-iqt\y \ncm-atb I
\nÀhn-Ievt]m `hm-\L II Iev]mÀ®h Chm-Xy´w I
17. AÚm-\-lr-Zb {KtÙþ ]cn-]qÀt® NnZm-ß\m II
À \nxtij-hn-e-b-kvXZm I 24. tXP-koh Xtam b{X I
kam-[n\m hnI-evt]\ I hneo\w {`m´n ImcWw I
bZm-ssZz-Xm-ß-ZÀi\w II AZzn-Xotb ]tc XtXz I
18. X{Xm-ßXzw ZrVo-IpÀh\ I \nÀhn-tij `nZm-IpXx II
Aam-Znjp kwXy-P³ I 25. GIm-ßtI ]tc XtXz I
- bm tXjp I
DZm-ko-\X t`Z-IÀ¯m IYw htkXv I
XnjvtTXv LS-]-Sm-Zn-hXv II kpjp]vXu kpJ-am-{Xmbmw I
19. {_Òm-Zn-kvXw_ ]cy´w I t`Zx I\m-h-tem-InXx II
arjm-am{Xm D]m-[bx I kzIo-ba - mb Bßm-hn Xs¶ kIe hkvXp-¡-fp-
XXx ]qÀ®w kzam-ßm\w I sSbpw {]XoXn tIhew Btcm-]n-X-am-Ip-¶p. AXv Zpco-I-cn-
¨m kzbw ]qÀ®hpw AssZz-Xhpw {Inbm-iq-\y-hp-amb
]tiy-tZ-Im-ß\m ØnXx II
]c- {_- Ò- am- Im³ km[n- ¡pw. Htc Bß- cq- ]- ¯n- epÅ hkvXp-

N P
 370

I hn PK-{Zq-]-amb hnIev]w tXm¶p-¶Xv anYy-bm-W.v Fs´- 31. Bew-_-\X - bm `mXn I K

¶m \nÀhn-Im-chpw \ncm-Im-chpw Ah-b-h-c-ln-X- hp-amb tbm f kvaXv {]Xy-b-i-_vZtbmx I
hkvXp-hn F§-s\-bmWv t`Zw kw`-hn-¡pI? NnZm-ßmhv
A´xIc-W- kw-`n-¶þ
{Zãmhv ZÀi\w Zriyw F¶o `mh-§-fn-Ãm-¯Xpw \nÀt±m-
jhpw {]f-bk - -ap{Zw t]mse ]cn-]qÀ®-hp-am-W-Xv. BIm- t_m[x kXyw ]Zm`n[x II
i-¯n AÔ-Imcw hnebw {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse ]c-a-X- 32. ambm-hntZy hnlm-ssbh I
Xz-¯n {`a-¯nsâ ImcWw hnebw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. AXv D]m-[n-]-c-Po-htbmx I
Ah- b- h- c- ln-X-amWv AXn-\m AXn F§s\ t`Zw D­m-
AJÞw k¨n-Zm-\µw I
Im-\mWv? kpjp-]vXn-kp-J-cq-]a - m-Wv. AXn Bcv t`Zw
ImWp¶p? ]cw {_Ò hne-£ytX II
33. C°w hmssIy-kvX-YmÀ°m-\pþ
26. Nn¯-aqtem hnI-evt]mbw I
kÔm\w {ihWw `thXv I
Nn¯m-`mth \I-Ý\ I
bpàym kw`m-hn-X-Xzm-\pþ
AX-Ýn¯w klm-t[ln I
kÔm\mw a\\w Xp XXv II
{]Xy-{Kqt] ]cm-ß\n II
34. Xm`ymw \nÀhn-Nn-In-tÕyÀt° I
27. AJ-Þm-\-µ-am-ßm\w I
tNXkx Øm]n-Xky bXv I
hnÚmb kzkz-cq-]Xx I
GI-Xm-\-Xz-ta-X²n I
_ln-c´x kZm-\µ I
\nZn-[ym-k-\-ap-NytX II
ckm-kzm-Z-\-am-ß\n II
35. [ymXr-[ymt\ ]cn-XyPy I
28. sshcm-Kyky ^ew t_mt[m I
t_m[-tkym-]-cXnx ^ew I {IamXv t[yssbI tKmNcw I
kzm\-µm-\p-`-hmXv im´n I \nhm-X-Zo-]-h-¨ n¯w I
tcssj-thm-]-ctX ^ew II kam-[n-c-`n-[o-btX I
29. bZyp¯-tcm-¯ -cm-`mth I Xs¶ kw_-Ôn-¡p¶ A\p-`-hhpw i_vZm-{i-bhpw
]qÀh-cq]w Xp \njv^ew I A´xIcW kw`n¶ Úm\- t¯m-Sp- Iq-SnbXpamb Pohs\
"Xzw' F¶ \ne-bn hÀ®n-¡-s¸-Sp¶ ]c-am-ßm-hn\v "amb'
\nhr-¯nx ]cam Xr]vXnþ I F¶pw Poh\v "AhnZy' F¶pw c­v D]m-[n-I-fp-­v. Ch
cm\-tµm- f \p-]axkzXx II ssIhn-«m AJ-Þ-k-¨n-Zm-\-µ-abm ]c-{_Òw e£o-I-cn-
30. amtbm-]m-[nÀ PK-tZym\nx I ¡pw. C§s\ XXv Xzakn F¶o hmIy-§-fm Poh-{_-
kÀh-Ú-Xzm-Zn-e-£Wx I ssÒ-Iy-cq-]-¯n-epÅ Adv°w A\p-k-Ôm\w sN¿p-¶-
XmWv {iWw. tI«-Xnsâ AÀ°w bpàn-]qÀÆw Nn´n-¡p-
]mtcm-£y-i-_ex kXymþ
¶-XmWv a\-\w. {ih-Wa - -\-\§
- -fm kwi- b-cl
- n-X-ambn
Zymß-I-kvXZv ]Zm`n[x II kn²n¨ AÀ°-¯n Nn¯w Øm]n-¨p-d-¸n-¡p-¶-XmWv
Nn¯-amWv Cu hnI-ev]-¯n\v aqe-Im-c-Ww. Nn¯-an- \nZn-[ym-k-\w. [ymXm-hn-s\bpw [ym\-s¯bpw Dt]-£n¨v
sÃ-¦n bmsXmcp hn[ hn¦-e] v -hp-an-Ã. AXn-\m \o {]Xy-
Nn¯w tIhew t[yb-s¯-¯s¶ hnj-b-cq-]-ambn Icp-X-
Kvkz-cq-]-amb ]c-am-ßm-hn Nn¯s¯ GIm-{K-am-¡p-I. Ww. ]ns¶ Imän-Ãm¯ Øm\¯v Øm]n¨ Zo]w t]mse
AJ-Þm-\µ kzcq-]-amb Bßmhv kzkz-cq-]-am-sW-¶- \nÝ-am-bn-cn-¡Ww. AXv kam-[n-bm-Wv.
dnªv Cu Bßm-hn Xs¶ _mlym-`y- ´- c- ambn Ft¸mgpw
36. hr¯-bkvXp XZm-\oa I
B\-µ-c- k-am- kz- Zn-¡p-I. sshcm-Ky- ¯nsâ ^ew Úm\hpw
Úm\-¯nsâ ^ew D]-cX - n-bp-am-Wv. Bßm-\-µ\ - p-`q-Xn- ]yÚmXm Bß-tKm-Ncm I
bm kn²n-¡p¶ im´n-bmWv D]-c-Xn-bpsS ^ew ap¼n kvac-Wm-Z-\p-ao-b t´ I
kqNn-¸n-¨-h-bn D¯-tcm-¯-c-ambn H¶p-an-sÃ-¦n BZy- hy°n-Xky kap-° nXm II
h-kvXp-\n-jv^-e-am-Wv. hnj-b-§-fn \n¶v hnapàn t\Sp-
¶- Xn-emWv ]c-a- Xr]vXn Bßm- \µw Aap- ]- a-am-Ip- ¶p. amtbm- 37. A\m-Zm-hnl kwkmtc I
]m-[n-tbm-Sp-I q-Sn-bXpw PK-¯nsâ Dev]-¯n-Ø m-\hpw k©nXm IÀ½ tImSbx I
kÀh-Úm-XzmZn e£-W-bp-ànhpw ]mtcm£y i_-fhpw At\\ hnebw bm´n I
kXym-Zn-kz-cq-]-h-¯p-amb ]c-am-ßmhp Xs¶-bmWv XXv
ipt²m [Àt½m hnhÀ²tX II
F¶ i_vZ-¯m Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv.
N P
 371

I 38. [À½ taL-anaw {]mlp I 45. tZtl-{µn-t b-jz-lw-`mhx I K

kam[nx tbmK-hn-¯ax I CZw-`m-h-kvXZ- -\ytI I
hÀj-tXyj bYm [À½m I bky t\m `hXx Izm]n I
arX-[mcm kl-{kix II k Poh-·pàx DNytX II
39. Aap\m hmk-\m-Pmte I t`mKy]ZmÀ°- §- fn Xmev]cyw D­m- I- cp-Xv. A§s\
\nxtijw {]hn-eo-btX I Xmev]cyw D­m-Im-Xn-cp-¶m sshcm-Ky-am-bn. Alw-`mhw
D­m-Im³ ]mSn-Ã. Alw-`mhw Xosc-bn-Ãm-Xm-bm AXv
kaq-tem-·q-entXm ]pWy I
Úm\-¯nsâ ]cm ImjvT-b m-Wv. AXp-t]mse ebw
]m]mtJy IÀ½-k-©tb II {]m]n¨ hr¯n-IÄ ho­pw D­m-I-cp-Xv. AXv D]-c-Xn-bpsS
40. hmIy-a-{]-Xn-_²w kXv I Ah-[n-bm-W.v A§s\ ØnX-{]-Ú-\mb bXn B\-µ-a-\p-
`-hn-¡p-¶p. {_Ò-¯n a\Êv ebn-¨h - ³ \nÀhn-Im-c\pw
{]mIv ]tcm-£m-h-Zm-ktX I
\njv{In-b-\p-am-bn-cn-¡pw. {_Òhpw Poh\pw tim[n-¡-s¸«v
- -hXv t_m[ I
Icm-a-eI c­n-sâbpw GIo-`m-h-¯n eo\-amb hr¯n-hn-Iev] cln-
a]-tcm£w {]kq-btX II Xhpw ssNX-\y-cq-]-hp-am-Ip-¶p. At¸mÄ AXv {]Ú F¶v
]d-bs - ¸-Sp-¶p. Bcn-emtWm Cu {]Ú kÀhZm DÅXv
kam-[n-bn hr¯n-IÄ Bß cq]-hn-bp-à-§-fm-Wv.
Ah³ Poh-·p-à-\m-Wv. tZtl-{µn-bm-Zn-I-fn Alw-`m-h-
AXp-sIm­v H¶pw tXm¶p-¶n-Ã. F¶m kam-[n-bnÂ
an-Ãm-¯-h\pw CX-ÃmsX A\y-]-ZmÀ°-§-fn CXv Fsâ-
\n¶p-WÀ¶ hyàn-bpsS D°m-]n-X-hr-¯n-IÄ kvac-W-
Xm-Wv F¶ `mh-an-Ãm-¯-h\pw Poh-·p-à-\m-Ip-¶p.
sIm­v A\p-am-\n-¡mw. Cu A\m-Zn-{]-]-©-¯n tImSn-
¡-W-¡n\v IÀ½-§Ä k©n-X- am-Wv. F¶m Cu kam[n 46. \ {]XyKv {_Ò-tWmÀ t`Zw I
aptJ\ Ah-sbÃmw \ã-am-bn-t¸m-Ip-¶p. ip²-[À½-§Ä
IZm]n {_Ò-kÀ¤tbmx I
hÀ²n-¡p-¶p. D¯-a-tbm-K-th-¯m-¡Ä kam-[nsb [À½-
ta-L-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶p. ImcWw AXv taL-sa-t¶mWw {]Úbm tbm hnPm-\mXn I
At\Iw kl{kw [mc-I-tfmsS hÀjn-¡p-¶p. kam-[n- bn k Poh-·pà CjytX II
hmk-\m-ka- q-l-§Ä ]qÀ®-ambpw hnebw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
47. km[p`nx ]qPy-amt\ f kvan³ I
]m]-]p-Wy-IÀ½-k-aq-l§Ä \in-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ B
X¯z-akn F¶ hmIyw BZyw ]tcm-£-Úm-\-cq-]-¯n ]oUy-am-t\ f ]n ZpÀPss\x I
{]Im-in-¡p-¶p. ]ns¶ ssIbnse s\Ãn-¡-sb-t¸mse ka-`mthm `th-Zyky I
\njv{]bmkw A]-tcm£ Úm\w e`n-¡p-¶p. k Poh-·pà CjytX II
41. hmk-\m-\p-Ztbm t`mtKy I 48. hnÚmX {_Ò XXzky I
sshcm-Kyky XZm-h[n I bYm-]qÀhw \ kwkrXnx I
Alw-`m-thm-Zbm `mthm I AkvXn tN¶ k hnÚmXx I
t_m[ky ]c-am-h[nx II {_Ò `mthm _lnÀ apJx II
42. eo\-hr-t¯-c-\p-ev] -¯nÀ I 49. kpJm-Zy-\p-`thm bmhþ I
acym-tZm-]-c-tXkvXp km I ¯mhXv {]mc-_v[-an-jytX I
ØnX-{]tÚm bXn-cbw I ^tem-Zbx {Inbm-]qÀthm I
- -iv\ptX II
bx kZm-\-µa \njv{Intbm \ln Ip{X-NnXv II
43. {_Ò-tWyh hneo-\mßm I 50. Alw {_tÒXn hnÚm-\mXv
\nÀhn-Imtcm hn\n-jv{Inbx II Iev]-tImSn iXmÀÖnXw I
k©nXw hnebw bmXn I
44. \nÀhn-Iev]m N Nn·m-{Xþ
{]t_m-[mXv kz]v\-IÀ½-hXv II
hr¯nx {]tÚXn IYytX I
km kÀhZm `th-Zyky k I Pohmß-]c- -am-ß m-¡Ä H¶m-sW¶pw {_Ò-¯n\p
krãn¡pw X½n t`Z-an-söpw _p²n-sIm­v Adn-bp-¶-
Poh-·pà CjytX II h-\mWv Poh-·p-à³. kÖ-\-M-A-MÄ ]qPn-¨mepw ZpÀP-

N P
 372

I \-§Ä ]oUn-¸n-¨mepw kZm kI-e-tcmSpw ka-`m-h\ Úmt\m-Z-b-¯n-\p-ti-jhpw ^ew \ÂIp-¶p. Rm³ AP- K
]peÀ¯p-¶- h- \mWv Poh-·p- à³. {_Ò XXzw {Kln-¨-hsâ c-\m-W,v Rm³ Aa-c-\m-Wv, F¶ \ne ssIh-¶-h³ Bß-
Zrãn-bn {]]©w ap¼p I­-Xp-t]m-se-bà ImW-s¸-Sp- cq-]-\m-Ip-¶p. Ah\v {]mc_v[ IÀ½ k¦-ev]-§Ä Fhn-
I. Ah³ ap¼p-I-­- Xp-t]mse Xs¶- bmWv {]]©w ImWp- sS-bmWv? Úm\n¡v {]mc_v[ IÀ½-§-fp- ambn _Ôw CÃ
¶-sX- ¦n Ah³ {_Ò-`mhw Adn-ª n-«n-à . tIhew Xs¶.
_lnÀap-J-\m-W-h³. kpJm-Zy-\p-`q-Xn-IÄ DÅn-S-t¯mfw
56. {]mc_v[w kn²yXn XZm I
{]mc_v[ IÀ½hpw D­v. ImcWw Hmtcm ^tem- Z-bhpw kw`-
hn-¡p-¶ -X v {Inbm-] qÀh-amWv. {Inb-Iq-SmsX ^e-an-Ã . bZv tZlm-ß\m ØnXnx I
DWÀ¶-Xn-\p-tijw kz]v\-¯nse {Inb Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶- tZlm-ß-`mthm ss\thãw I
Xp-t]mse ""Rm³ {_Ò-am-Wv. F¶ t_m[w P\n-¨p-I-gn- {]mc_v[w XyPy-Xm-aXx II
ªm tImSn-¡-W-¡n\v P·wsIm­v BÀÖn¨ k©n-X-
IÀ½-§fpw \in-¨p-t]m-Ip-¶p.
57. {]mc_v[ Iev]-\m-]yky I
tZhky {`m´n-tch ln II
51. kza-kw-K-ap-Zm-ko\w I
]cn-Úmb \t`m bYm I 58. A[y-kvXky IpX-kvX Xz I
\ Çn-jytX bXnx In©nXv I ak-Xyky IptXm-P\nx I
IZm-NnXv `mhn IÀ½`nx II APm-Xky IptXm \mix I
{]c-_v[-a-kXx IpXx II
52. \ \t`m LS-tbm-tK\ I
kpcm-K-tÔ\ en]ytX I 59. Úmt\\ Úm\-Im-cyky I
XYm f tßm]m[n tbmtK\ I kaq-eky etbm bZn I
X²Àt½m ss\h en]ytX II XnjvT-Xybw IYw tZl I
CXn i¦-htXm PUm³ II
53. Úmt\m-Z-bm-Xv]p-cm-c_v[w I
{]mc_v[w D­mbn-cn-¡p-¶Xv tZl-¯n Bß-_p-²n-
IÀ½ Úm\m\n \iyXn I
bp-Å-t¸m-fm-W.v F¶m ico-c- ¯n Bß-`mhw k¦-e] v n-
AZXzm kz^ew e£yþ I ¡pI Hcn-¡epw {]nb-a-Ã. AXn-\m tZl-¯nse Bß-
ap±n-tiym-Õr-ã-_-W-hXv II _p²n XyPn¨v {]mc-_v[- IÀ½w XyPn- ¡p- I. tZl-{`m´n Pohn-
54. hym{Lm-_p²ym hn\nÀaptàm I-fpsS {]mc-_v[-IÀ½-k-¦ev]w am{X-am-W.v F¶m {`m´n-
_mWx]Ým¯p tKmaXu I bm k¦-¹n- ¡-s¸-«Xv kXy-am-Ip- ¶-sX-§s\? kXy-a-Ãm- ¯-
Xn\v P·-sa-hnsS? P·-anÃ-Ãm-¯- Xn\v \mi-sa- hnsS? C§s\
\ XnjvTXn `n\-tXyh I
Ak¯pw AhkvXp cq]hpw Bb H¶n\v Fhn-sS-bmWv
e£yw thtK\ \nÀ`cw II {]mc_v[ IÀ½w? icocw AÚm-\I - m-cy-amWv? Úm\-
55. AP-t cm-kva y-a-tcm-kvaoXn I ¯m AXv kaqew \ã-am-bm ]ns¶ tZl-¯nsâ \ne-
\nÂs¸´v? C§ns\ kwi-bn-¡p¶ Úm\n-IÄ¡v kam-
b Bßm\w {]]-ZytX I
[m- \-am-bn-«p {ipXn _mly-Zrãym {]mc-_v[-s¯- ¸än {]kvXm-
XZm-ß\m XnjvT-tXmky IpXx I hn-¨n-«p-­v .
{]mc-_v[-I -ev]\m II
60. kam-[mXpw _mly-Zrãym I
Xm³ BIm-i-sa- t¶mWw Akw-K-\m- sW¶v \Ã- t]mse {]mc_v[w hZ-Xn-{ipXnx I
{Kln¨v tbmKn `mhn-IÀ½-§-fn Aev]hpw en]vX-\m-Ip-
\Xp tZlmZn kXyXz I
¶n-Ã. aZy-Ipw-`-¯n ImW-s¸-Sp¶ BImiw aZy-K-Ô-
¯m en]vX-am-Ip-¶n-Ã. AXp-t]mse D]m[n tbmK-¯m t_m[-\mb hn]-ÝnXmw II
Bßmhv AXnsâ [À½-§- fm en]vX-\m-In-Ã. e£yw ap³ 61. ]cn-]qÀ®-a -\m-Zy´ I
\nÀ¯n hn«-_ mWw e£yw t`Zn-¡ pw. AXp-t]mse
a{]-ta-b-a-hn-{Inbw I
Úmt\m-Z-b-¯n\p ap¼v sN¿-s¸« IÀ½-§Ä Úmt\m-Z-
b-¯n-\p-tijw ^ew \ÂIpw. sNbvX- Xnsâ ^ew F¶m- kZvL\w NnZvL\w \nXy I
bmepw A\p-`-hn-¡Ww. Úm\w sIm­v IÀ½-\miw kw`- am\µ L\-a-hybw II
hn-¡p-¶n-Ã. ISp-hsb Dt±-in¨v Ab¨ A¼v ]ip-hn-emWv 62. \nÀ KpWw \njv{Inbw kq£vaw I
sIm­- sX¶v t_m[yw h¶mepw XS-bm³ km[y- a-Ã. _mWw
e£yw XIÀ¡pw, AXp- t ]mse sN¿- s ¸« IÀ½w
\nÀhn-Iev]w \nc-RvP\w I

N P
 373
I AXn-cq-]y-kz-cq]w bþ
at\m hmNm atKm-Ncw II
63. kXv kar²w kzXx kn²w I
ip²w _p² at\m Zriw I
GI-ta-hm-Zzbw {_Ò I
t\l \m\mkvXn In©\ II
64. kzm\p-`qXym kzbw ÚmXzm I
kzam-ßm-\-a-J-ÞnXw I
kkn²x kkpJw XnjvT I
\nÀhn-I-ev]m-ß-\m-ß\n II
65. Iz KXw tI\ hm \oXw I
Ip{X eo\-anZw PKXv I
A[p-ss\h abm Zrãw I
\mkvXn Inw al-Z-Zv`pXw II
66. Inw tlbw Inap-]m-tZbw I
Ina-\yXv Inw hne-£Ww I
AJ-Þm-\-µ- ]o-bp-jþ
]qÀ® {_Ò almÀ®th
_mly-Zrãym tZlm-Zn-IÄ kXy-amWv F¶v Úm\n-
Isf Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp-¯m³ ]d-bp-¶p-. hmkvX-h-¯n ]cn-
]qÀ®hpw A\m-Zy-´hpw A{]-ta-bhpw Ahn-{I-bhpw
kZvL-\hpw NnZvL-\hpw \nXyhpw B\-µL - -\hpw Ahy-
bhpw GI-c-khpw ]qÀ®hpw A\-´hpw kÀh-tXm-ap-
Jhpw Atl-bhpw A\p-]m-tZ-bhpw A\m-t[-bhpw A\m-
{i-bhpw \nÀKp-Whpw \njv{In-bhpw kq£vahpw BWv
{_Òw. C§s\ kzm\p-`q-Xn-bn kzbw kzmßm-hns\
AJ-Þ n-X-sa¶p IcpXn kn²n {]m]n¨v \nÀhn-Iev] kzcq-
]-amb Bßm- hn kpJ- ]qÀhw ØnXn sN¿p¶ Kpcp-hnsâ
D]-tZiw tI«v injy³ Úm\n-bm-bn-¯oÀ¶v ]d-ªp. Cu
temIs¯ Rm³ Ct¸mÄ I­- Xm-Wv. AXv Fhn- sS- t¸mbn?
AXns\ Bsc-Sp¯p? AsX-§s\ hnebw {]m]n¨p? AXn-
ÃmsX t]mbXv AÛpXw Xs¶. AJ-Þ-amb B\-µm-ar-X-
N P
¯m ]qÀ®-amb Cu {_Ò-am-Ip¶ kap-{Z-¯n F\n¡v K
F´mWv XyPn-¡m-\p-ÅXv? F´mWv kzoI-cn-¡m-\p-ÅXv
thsd-´m-Wp-ÅXv? hne £W-am-bn-«p-Å-sX-´mWv?
68. \ In©n-Z{X ]iyman I
\ irtWman \th-Zvaylw I
kzmß-ss\h kZm-\µ I
cqt]-Wmkvan kze-£Wx II
69. Akw-tKm f la\w tKm f lþ
aenwtKm f l alw lcnx I
{]imt´m f la-\-t´mlw I
]cn-]qÀ®-Ýn-c-´\x II
70. AIÀ¯m f la-t`m-àm-lþ
ahn-I mtcm f la-h ybx I
ipt²m t_m[ kzcqt]m f lw I
tIhtem f lw kZm-inhx II
71. GXmw hnZymw A]m-´-c-X-amb ZZu. A]m-´-c-
Xtam {_ÒtW ZZu. {_Òm-tLm-cmw-Kn-ctk ZZu.
tLmcmw-Kncmx sscIzmb ZZu. ssctIzm-cm-amb ZZu.
cmax kÀtht`ymx `qtXt`ym ZZm-hn-tXy-X-¶nÀhm-Wm-
\p-im-k\w thZm-\p-im-k\w thZm-\p-im-k-\-an-Xyp-
]-\ n-j-¯v.
Rm³ ChnsS H¶pw Adn-bp-¶n-Ã. tIÄ¡p-¶n-Ã.
ImcWw Rm³ kZm B\-µ-kz-cq-]-amb kzmß-cq-]-¯nÂ
Xs¶-bmWv Rm³ kzbw kze-£-W-bp-X-\m-Wv. Rm³
Akw-K\pw Ai-co-c\pw Aenw-K\pw lcn-bp-amWv Rm³
F{Xbpw im´\pw A\-´\pw Nnc-´-\-\p-am-Wv. Rm³
IÀ¯m-h-Ã. t`màm-hÃ. Rm³ \nÀhn-Im-c\pw Ahn-\m-
inbpw ip²\pw Úm\-kz-cq-]-\p-am-Ip-¶p. Rm³ tIhew
kZm-in-h-\m-W.v Cu hnZy Kpcp injy-\mb A]m-´- c-X- a\v
sImSp-¯p. A]m-´-c-X-a³ {_Òm-hn\pw {_Òmhv tLmcmw-
Kn-c-Ên\pw tLmcmw-Kn- cÊv sscIz\pw sscIz³ cma\pw cma³
kakvX {]mWn-IÄ¡pw \ÂIn. A§s\ CXv \nÀhm-Wm-
\p-im- k-\- am-Wv. thZm- \p-im-k- \-am-W,v thZm-\p-im- k-\- am-Wv.
A²ym-tßm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
 374
I K
1 AZz-b-Xm-c-tIm-]-\n-j¯v3
im´n-]mTw
Hmw. ]q˨-aZx ]q˨-anZw ]q˨mXv ]q˨-
ap-Z-Nyp-tX. ]q˨ky ]q˨-am-Zmb ]q˨-ta-hmh
injytX Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
Cu ]c-{_Òw ]qÀ®-am-Wv. Cu {]]©w ]qÀ®-am-
Wv. ]qÀ®-{_-Ò¯
- n \n¶pw ]qÀ®-{]-]©w D­m-bn.
]qÀ®- ¯n \n¶v ]qÀ®s¯ FSp-¯mepw ]qÀ®w Xs¶
Ah-ti-jn-¡p-¶p. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
1. AYm tXm Zzb Xmc-tIm-]\
- n-jZw
hymJym-kymtam bXtb PntX-{µn-bmb ia-Z-
amZn jUv KpW-]q˨m-b.
2. NnXvkz-cqt]m lanXn kZm `mhbv³ kayMv
\nao-e n-X m£x In©n-Zp-· o-en-X mt£m hm´À
ZrjvSym {`qZ-lc- m-Zp-] co k¨n-Zm-\µ tXPx IpS-
cq]w ]cw {_Ò-ht- em-Ibw kvX{Zpt]m `h-Xn.
3. KÀ`-P-·P
- c
- m-aW kwkm-ca- -lZv `bmXv kwXm-c-
bXn XXvkm Xmc-I -an-Xn. Poth-izcu ambnIu
h nÚ mb kÀ h - h n- t i j w t\ Xn t\ XoX n
hnlmb bZ-h-in-jytX XZ-Zzbw {_Ò.
4. XÕss²y e£y {Xbm\p kÔm\x IÀ¯hyx
A\-´cw AZz-b-Xm-c-tIm-]-\n-j-¯n-s\-¸än hni-Zo-I-
cn-¡mw. AXv PntX-{µn-b-·mcpw ia-Za- mZn jUvKp-Wb- p-à-
cp-am-bn-«pÅ kw\ym-kn-IÄ¡v th­n-bp-Å-Xm-Wv. I®p-
IÄ ASt¨m ]IpXn ASt¨m B´-cZ- r-jvSn-sIm­v ]pcn-
I-§Ä¡v apI-fn- epÅ Øm\¯v "Rm³ NnXvkz-cq-]- \mWv'
F¶v \nc-´cw Nn´n-¨p-sIm­v k¨n-Zm-\µ tXPx kzcq-
]-amb ]c-{_-Ò s¯ ZÀin-¨m X{Zq]w e`n-¡ p-¶p.
GsXmcp a{´w KÀ`-P· Pcm-a-cW kwkm-cmZn alm-]m-]-
§-fn \n¶pw XcWw sN¿n-¸n-¡p-¶Xv AXv Xmc-I-{_-
Ò-sa¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. Poth-iz-c·- mÀ ambn-I-am-sW-¶-
dnªv aäp-Å-sXÃmw "t\Xn' "t\Xn' F¶p ]d-ªp-sIm­v
tijn-¡p-¶s - X-´mtWm AXmWv {_Òw. AZzb {_Ò-
kn-² n¡p aq¶p e£y-§ Ä A\p-k -Ô m\w sNt¿-­ -
Xp-­ v.
5. tZl-at[y {_Ò-\mUo kpjpav\m kqcy-cq-]nWo
]qÀ® N{µm`m hÀ¯-tX. km Xp aqem-[m-cm-Zm-
c`y {_Ò-c {Ô Kman\o `h-X n. X·t[y XSnXv
tI mSn- k - a m\ I m´ y m ar W m- f - k q- { X - h X v
kq£vamwKo IpWvU-en-\oXn {]kn-²m-kvXn. Xmw
ZrjvS zm a\- s skh \cx kÀh-] m-h n-] -\ m-i -Z zmc
N P
aptàm `h-Xn. ^mtemÀ[z Kf-e -emS hnti-j -a-
WvUte \nc-´cw tXP-kvXm-cI - t- bmK hnkv^p-c-
tW\ ]iyXn tNXv knt²m `h- X n. XÀP- \ y-
t{Km³ao-enX IÀ® c{Ô-Zztb X{X-^ qXv Imc
i_vtZm Pmb-tX. X{X-ØntX a\kn N£pÀ a[y-
KX \oe-tPymXnx Øew hntem-Iym-´À ZrjvSym
\nc-Xn-ib kpJw {]m]vt\m-Xn. Ghw lrZtb ]i-
A-b-Xn. Gh-a-´qÀ e£Ww apap£p `ncq-]m-kyw.
tZl-¯nsâ a[y-¯n kpjpav\ F¶ {_Ò-\mUn
]qÀ®-N-{µ-s\-t¶mWw {]Im-i-bp-à-ambn ØnXn-sN-¿p-
¶p. AXv aqem-[m-c-¯n \n¶m-cw-`n¨v {_Ò-c{Ôw hsc
t]mIp-¶p. Cu \mUn-bp-sS a[y-¯n tImSn an¶Â ]nW-
cn\p Xpey-ambn Im´n-tbmSp IqSn-bXpw Xmac hfbw
t]mse kq£va-hp-amb {]i-kvX-amb IpWvU-en\o iàn
ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. a\km AXv ZÀin-¨m a\p-jy³ ]m]-
hn-ap-à-\mbn Xocp-¶p. s\än-bpsS apI-fn Hcp hnti-j-
a-WU v - e-¯n kv^pcn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p¶ tXP-Êns\ Xmc-
I-tbm-K-kv^p-c-W-¯m I­m Ah³ kn²-\m-bn-¯o-
cpw. c­p sNhn-bpsS Zzmc-§fpw Nq­p-hn-ce - nsâ A{Kw
sIm­v AS-¨m Hcp ^pXvIm-c-i_vZw tIÄ¡mw. AXnÂ
a\-Êp-d¸ - n¨pw I®p-If
- psS a[y-¯n-epÅ \oe tPymXn
Øm\s¯ A´ÀZrjvSym ImWp¶ ]£w At§
Aäs¯ kpJw e`n-¡p-¶p. A{]-Imcw lrZ-b-¯n ZÀin-
¡m³ Ignbpw C§-s\-bpÅ A´Àe-£-Ws¯ tam£w
CÑn-¡p-¶-h³ D]m-kn-t¡-­-Xm-W.v
6. AY _lnÀe£y e£Ww \mkn-Im-t{K-NX - p`nx
jUv `nc-jvS-`nÀ Zi-`nÀ ZzmZ-i`n: {IamZw Kpemt´
\oe-ZypXn iymaXz kZrKv cà `wKo-kv^p-cXv ]oX-
ip-¢-hÀ® Ztbm t]X thyma-bZ- n-]i - yXn k Xp
tbmKn `h-Xn. Ne-ZrjvSym thyma-`mK ho£nXpx
]pcp-jky ZrjvSyt{K tPymXnÀa-bqJmx hÀ¯-t´.
X±Ài-t\\ tbmKo `h-Xn. X]vX Im©\ k¦mi
tPymXnÀa-bpJm A]mw Kmt´ `qau hm ]iy-Xn.
XZvZrjvSnx Øncm `h-Xn. ioÀtjm ]cn ZzmZ-imw-
Kpe kao- £ n- X p- c - a r- X Xzw `h- X n. b{X Ip{X
kvYnXky inckn thyma tPymXnÀ ZrjvSw tNXv
kXp-tbmKo `h-Xn.
_mly e£-W§ - -sf-¸än ]d-bp-¶p. aq¡nsâ A{K-
`m-K-¯p-\n¶pw bYm-{Iaw \mev, Bdv, F«v, ]¯v, ]{´­v
AwKpew AI-e-¯n Idp¸pw \oebpw hÀ®w t]mep-
ÅXpw Npa¶ h­nsâ \ndw IeÀ¶Xpw AtXm-sSm¸w
aª, shfp¸v Cu \ndw tXm¶n-¡p-¶-Xp-amb {]Imiw
 375
I BIm-i¯
- n ImWp-¶h
- ³ tbmKn-bm-bn-¯o-cpw. N©-e-
ZrjvS ym BIm-i -¯ p-t \m-¡n-bm {]Im-i -In-c-W-§Ä
ImWmw. AXp ImWp-¶h - ³ tbmKn-bm-Ipw. ZrjvSn-bpsS
A{K-`m-K¯v Np«p-]-gp-¸n¨ kzÀ®-¯n-s\m¯ tPymXnÀa-
bqJ§Ä ImWp-t¼mÄ B ZrjvSn Ønc-am-Ip- ¶p. Xebv¡v
apI-fn ]{´-­w-Kpew AsIe tPymXnÊns\ ImWp-¶-
h³ Aar-XXzw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. FhnsS \n¶mepw sImÅmw.
Xe-bv¡p apI-fn thyma-tPym-XnÊp ImWp-¶-h³ tbmKn-
bmbn `hn-¡p-¶p.
7. AY a[y e£y- e - £ - W w. {]mXÝn {XmZn
hÀ®m JWvU kqcy-N-{I-hZv hÓn Pzmem heo-
h¯ Zznlo-\m-´ -co-£-a-Xv. ]iyXn XZm-I m-c m-I m-
cn-Xbm Ah-Xj - vT-Xn. XXv `qtbm ZÀi-t\\ KpW-
c-ln-Xm-Imiw `h-Xn. hnkv^p-c-¯m-c-Im-Imc kwZo-
]y-am-\m-KmV Xtam-]aw ]c-am-Imiw `h-Xn. Imem-
\-e-k-a-tZym-X-am\w alm-Imiw `h-Xn. kÀthm-XvIr-
jv S-]c
- -a-ZypXn {]tZym-X-am\w XXzm-I miw `h-Xn.
tImSn-kq-cy-{]-Imi ssh`h k¦miw kqcym-Imiw
`hXn. Ghw _mlym-`y-´ -c -Ø -thyma ]©Iw
XmcI e£yw. X±Àio hnap-à-^-ek - X
v m-Zr-Kvthyma
kamt\m `h-Xn. Xkva m-¯ m-c I Gh e£y aa
\kv I ^e- { ]Zw `h- X n. X¯m- c Iw Zznhn[w
]qÀhmÀ[ XmcIw D¯-cmÀ[w AW-\k - vIc tNXn.
XtZj tÇmtIm `h-Xn.
8. XtZymKw NZzn[m hn²n-]qÀthm-¯cw hn[m-\Xx
]qÀhw Xp XmcIw hnZym Z a\kvIw XZp-¯-ca - n-
Xn.
a[y-e£y e£-W§ - Ä {]`m-X-Im-e¯v Nn{Xm-Zn-
hÀ®-bp-àa - mb AJWvU kqcy³ N{Iw t]msebpw
Aán Pzme-t]m-sebpw Ah-bn-ÃmsX BIm-i-¯n\p Xpey-
ambpw ImW-s¸-Spw. B `mh-¯n Ønc-ambn \nev¡mw.
AXnsâ IÀi-\-¯m ho­pw \nÀKp-Wm-Im-c-ambn Xocp-
¶p. Xnf-§p¶ \£{Xw t]mse {]Im-in-Xhpw {]`m-X-
¯nse Ccp-«p-t]m-se-bp-amWv Nc-am-Im-iw. alm- Im- i-am-Is«
Imem-\-e-s\m¸w {]Im-i-am-\- am-Wv. XXzm-Imiw DXvIrjvS
{]Im-i-amÀ¶Xpw {]J-c-tPym-XnÊv tNÀ¶-Xp-am-Ip-¶p.
kqcym-Imiw tImSm-\p-tImSn kqcy-·m-cpsS {]Im-i¯ - n\v
Xpey-am-Wv. C§s\ ]pd¯pw AI-¯p-apÅ Cu ]©m-
Im-i-§fpw Xmc-I-e-£y-am-Wv. CX-\p-k-cn¨v BIm-is¯
ImWp-¶h - ³ AXn-s\-t¸mse _Ô-\-ap-à-\m-bn-¯o-cpw.
C§s\ Cu Xmc-I-tbmKw c­p-hn-[-ap-­v. ]qÀhmÀ²-
sa¶pw D¯-cmÀ²-sa-¶pw, CXn-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ tÇmI-§Ä
Cu tbmKw ]qÀh-sa¶pw D¯-cs - a¶pw c­p-hn-[-am-Wv.
]qÀhs¯ Xmc-I-sa¶pw D¯-cs¯ Aa-\-kvI-sa¶pw ]d-
bp-¶p.
9. A£y-´-kvXm-c-I-tbm-Ý{µ kqcy {]Xn-^-e\w
`h-Xn. Xmcm`yw kqcy-N{µ aWvUe ZÀi\w {_Òm-
WvU - a nh ]nWv U mWv U intcm- a -[ y- Ø m- I mti
N P
choµp aWvU -ae Zzntb akvXoXn \nÝn-X y-X m-c- K
Im`ymw X±Ài\ am{X-a m-W yp` ssbIy- Z rjvSym
at\m-bpàw [ymtb-Xv. XtZymKm `mth C{µn-b-{]-
hÀt¯-c-\-h-Im-im-Xv. Xkvam-Z-´ÀZrjvS ym XmcI
Ghm\p ktÔbx
I®p-I-fpsS IrjvWa - W
- n-bm \mw kqcy-N-{µ-·msc
ImWp-¶p-­v. I®p-I- fm \mw _mly-{_- lvam-WvU- ¯nse
kqcy-N-{µ-·msc ZÀin-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse Xs¶ inc-Êm-Ip¶
{_Òm-WvU-¯nsâ a[y-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ kqcy-N-{µ-
·msc \nÝ-bn¨v Ahsb ZÀin-¡p-Ibpw c­pw H¶p-X-
s¶-bm-sW¶p IcpXn a\km Ahsb [ym\n-¡p-Ibpw
thWw. Fs´-¶m a\-Êns\ C§s\ `mh-\b - p-à-ambn
t\m¡n-bn-sÃ-¦n C{µn-b-§Ä hnj-b-§-fn {]hÀ¯n¨p
XpS-§pw. AXn-\m km[-I³ A´ÀZrjvSym Xmc-I-s¯-
¯s¶ A\p-k-Ôm\w sNt¿-­-Xp-­v.
10. X¯m-c Iw Zznhn-[ w. aqÀ¯n Xmc-I -a -a qÀ¯n
XmcIw tNXn. b{Zn- {µn-b m´w XXv aqÀ¯- naXv
bZ{Zp bpKm-X oXw XZ-a qÀ¯n-a Xv kÀh-{ Xm´x
]ZmÀ° hnth-Nt\ at\m bpàm-`ymk CjytX
Xmc-bm`ymw kZpÀ[zØ kX-Xz-ZÀi-\m³ at\m
bptà- \ m´ cot£W k¨n- X m- \ µ kzcq]w
{_ssÒhx Xkva mXv ip¢-tX-tPm-abw {_tÒXn
kn²w XZv {_Ò a\x kl-I mcn N£p-j m-´ À
ZrjvSym thZyw `h-Xn. Gh-a-aqÀ¯n-Xm-cI - a
- -hn-a-t\m-
bp-tà\ N£qssjh `l-Zm-cm-ZnIw thZyw `h-
Xn. cq]-{K-lW {]tbm-P\ - ky a\-Ý£ - pc Zo\-Xzm-
Xv. _mly-h -Zm-´tc ]ymß a\Ý £p ktbm-
tK-ss\h cq]-{K-lW- -Im-tcym-Zb
- m-Xv. Xkvam-·t- \m-
bp-àm-´ÀZr-jvSn-kvXm-cI {]Imtim `h-Xn.
aqÀ¯-sa¶pw AaqÀ¯-sa¶pw XmcIw c­p-hn-[-¯n-
ep-­v. C{µn-b-§-fpsS A´-c-¯n-ep-ÅXv aqÀ¯n-Xm-c-I-hpw,
c­p-]q-cn-I-§Ä¡pw shfn-bn-embn ImWp-¶Xv AaqÀ¯n-
Xm-c-Ih- p-am-Wv. FÃm-bn-S¯pw DÅnse ]ZmÀ°-§-fpsS
hnth-N-\-¯m at\m-bp-à-amb A`ymkw Bh-iy-am-W.v
kXy-ZÀi-\m-ß-I-amb a\-Ên-\m A´À\n-co-£ Ww
sNbvXm c­p Xmc-I-§-fp-sSbpw apI-fn k¨n-Zm-\-µ-
kz-cq-]a- mb {_Òs¯ ZÀin-¡mw. AXnÂ\n¶pw {_lvaw
ip¢hpw tXtPm-a-bh - p-am-sW¶v kn²-am-bn. B {_Òs¯
at\m-bp-à-ambn N£p-Êp-If - psS A´ÀZrjvSym I­-dn-
b-Ww. AaqÀ¯n-Xm-c-Ihpw CtX-hn[w at\m-t\-{X-§-fmÂ
Adn-tb-­X - p-­v. cq]-ZÀi-\-hn-j-b-¯n a\Êv N£p-Êp-
IÄ¡v A[o-\-am-Wv. shfn-bn-ep-Å-Xp-t]mse AI¯pw
cq]-{K-l -W -Im-cy-§Ä \S-¡p-¶ p. AXn-\ m at\m-b p-
à-a mb N£p-ÊpIfn Xs¶-bmWv Xmc-I-{]-Im-i-sa¶p
]d-bmw.
11. {`qbp-Ka
- -[y-_nte ZrjvSnw XZzm-tcmÀ[z-Øn-tX-
tXP BhnÀ`qXw Xmc-It- bmtKm `h-Xn. tX\ kl-
a-t\m-bpàw XmcIw kpkw-tbmPy {]b-X vt \\
 376

I {`qbpÜw kmh-[m-\-Xbm InwNn-ZqÀ[z-ap-Xtv £-]t- b- tbmKtÚm tbmK-\n-jvT-Ý-k-Zm-tbm-Km-ß-Ix- K

Xv. CXn ]qÀh-`mKo Xmc-I-tbmKx D¯cw XzaqÀ¯n ipNnx
aZ-a-\kvX aZ-a-\kvX CXyp-Ny-tX. Xmep-aq-temÀ[z- 15. Kpcp-`àn kam-bpàx ]pcpj tÚm
`mtK alm³ tPymXnÀ abptJm hÀ¯-tX. XZvtbm- hnti-j Xx |
Kn-`nÀt[ybw Xkvam-ZWn amZn kn²nÀ `h-Xn.
Ghw e£-W-k -¼-t¶m-Kp-cp-cp-Xy-`n-[o-btX
c­p ]pcn-I-§-fp-sSbpw a[y-Øm-\-¯n\p apI-fn-em- 16. Kpi_vZ kvXÔ-Imcx tkymXvcp k_vZ-
bn-«p-Å-tX-P-Êns\ ZÀin-¡p-¶-XmWv Xmc-It- bm-K-e-£yw. kvX-¶n-tcm-[Ix |
kln-X-a-\km Xmc-Is¯ kwtbm-Pn-¸n¨v bXv\-]qÀhw
AÔ-Imc \ntcm-[-Xzm-ZvKp-cp-cp-Xy-`n-[o-btX
c­p ]pcn-I- §- sfbpw Aev]w DbÀ¯-Ww. apIÄ `mKs¯
AXm-bXv AaqÀ¯n-aXv `mKs¯ Aa-\-kvI-sa¶v ]d-bp-
17. Kpcp-tch ]cw {_Ò-Kp-cp-tc-hh ]cm-KXnx |
¶p. Xmep-aq-e-¯nsâ DuÀ[z-`m-K-¯n alm-tPym-Xn-Ênsâ Kpcp-tch ]cm-hn-Zym-Kp-cp-tch ]cm-bWw
Inc-W-a-WvUew hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p. AXmWv tbmKn-IÄ¡v 18. Kpcp-tch ]cm-Im-jvTm-Kp-cp-tch ]cw [\w |
t[yb-am-bn-«p-Å-X.v CXn-\m AWn-am-Zn-kn-²n-Ifpw ssIh- bkvamXv XZp-]t- Z-jvSm-ku-Xk - vamZv Kpcp-Xtcm
cp-¶p. Kpcp CXn.
12. A´À _mly-e-t£ym-ZrjvSu \ntatjm t·j- 19. bx kIr-Zp-¨m-cb
- Xn Xky kwkmc tamN\w
hÀPn-Xmbmw kXymw imw`-ho-ap{Zm `h-Xn. X·q-{Zm- `h-Xn. |
cqV Úm\m-\n-hm-kmZv `qanx ]hn{Xm `h-Xn. XZv kÀh P·-IrXw ]m]w XXv £Wm tZh
ZrjvSzm kÀth temImx ]hn-{Xm. `h-´n. XmZri
\iy-Xn. |
]c-a-tbm-Kn-]qP bky e`tX tkm ]n aptàm
`h-Xn. kÀhm³ Imam\ hm]vt\m-Xn. kÀh ]pcp-
jmÀ° kn²nÀ |
13. A´À e£y-Pe - -tPymXn kzcq]w `h-Xn. ]c-a-
`h-Xnb Ghw thtZ-Xyp-]-\n-jXv
Kp-cp-]-tZ-ti\ kl-{kmtc Pe-tPym-XnÀ hm _p²n-
Kp-lm-\n-lnX tPymXnÀ tPymXnÀ hm tjmU-im- bYmÀ°-¯n Kpcp-kZv Kpcp F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv thZ-
´Ø Xpcob ssNX\yw hm´Àe£yw `h-´ n. k-¼-¶-X, hnjvWp-`-àn, hna-Õ-c-Xzw, tbmK-Ú-X, tbmK-
X±Ài\w kZm-Nm-cy-aqew \n-jvT-X, tbmKm-ß-I-X, ]cn-ip-²n, Kpcp-`-àn, ]c-am-ßm-
hn {i², Ch tNÀ¶-h-\m-W.v Kp i_vZ-¯nsâ AÀ°w
_mlym-`ym-´c e£yw ImWp-hm-\pÅ km[-Isâ AÔ-Im-c-sa-¶m-Wv. "cp' F¶-Xn\v tcm[n-¡p-¶Xv F¶pw.
ZrjvSn Ønc-am-Ip-t¼mÄ imw`ho ap{Z kw`-hn-¡p-¶p. Cu AXm-bXv AÔ-Im-cs¯ AI-äp-¶-h-\mWv Kpcp. Kpcp
ap{Z tNÀ¶ Úm\n-bpsS \nhm-k-`qan ]cn-ip-²-sa¶v Icp- Xs¶-bmWv {_Òw. ]c-aa - mb KXn Kpcp-hm-W.v Kpcp Xs¶
X-s¸-Sp-¶p. Ahs\ ImWp-¶-Xp-sIm-­p-Xs¶ kI-ecpw ]c-aK - Xn; ]cm-hn-Zybpw Kpcp-hm-Wv. ]mcm-b-Wt- bm-Ky\pw
]cn-ip-²-cm-Ip-¶p. C§-s\-bpÅ tbmKnsb ]qPn-¡p-¶-h³ Kpcp-hm-Wv. ]c-Im-jvT, ]c-a[ - \w Chbpw Kpcp-hm-Ip-¶p.
apàn-¡-[o-\-\m-Ipw. ]c-a-Kp-cp-hnsâ D]-tZ-i-¯m kl- Kpcp t{ijvT-cn t{ijvT-\m-Wv. Hcn-¡-se-¦nepw AXp-¨-
{k-Zf Ia-e¯ - n tjmU-i-Ie A´À e£y-am-Ip-¶p. cn-¨m kwkm-c-tam-N\w e`n-¡pw. kIe P·-§-fn-sebpw
D¯-am-Nm-cy-\n-eq-sStbm CXv ImWm³ km[n-¡q. ]m]-§Ä \in-¡pw. kIe Ima-\-Ifpw kn²n-¡pw. kIe
14. BNmtcym thZ-k¼ - t- ¶m-hn-jvWp-`tàm ]pcp-jmÀ°-§fpw ssIhcpw C§s\ Adn-bp-¶h - \ - mWv
hna-Õcx | D]- \ n-
j - Zv Ú m\n F¶v Cu D]- \ n-
j ¯v ]d-b p- ¶ p.
AZz-b-Xm-c-tIm-]\
- n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

N P
 377

I K
1 AYÀh-in-tcm-]-\n-j¯v 3
im´n- ]mTw tZh-·mÀ cp{Z temI-¯n-se¯n `K-hm³ cp{Z-t\mSv
tNmZn¨p: A§v BcmWv? cp{Z³ ]d-ªp. Rm³ GI-\mWv
Hmw`Z{Zmw IÀt®`nx irWp-bma tZhm `{Zw
Rm³ `qX- `mhn hÀ¯-am- \-Im- e-§-fn- ep- ap­v Rm\-ÃmsX Hcn-
]tÝy-am-£-`nÀb-P {Xmx Ønssc-c-ssK-kvXp-ã-hmw-
S¯pw H¶p-an-Ã. DÅnsâ DÅn ØnXn sN¿p-¶Xpw
k-kvX-\q-`nÀ hytia tZh-lnXw bZmbpx kzkvXnx
kÀh-Zn-¡nepw hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw Rm³ Xs¶ \nXyhpw
\x Ct{µm hr²-{ihmx kzkv Xn \x ]qjm hniz-
A\n-X y- h pw. hyàhpw Ahy-à hpw Rm³ Xs¶.
thZmx kzkvX n \ kvX mÀt£ym Acnã t\anx
{_Òhpw A{_-Òhpw Ing¡v ]Sn-ªmdv hS¡v sX¡v
kzkvXn t\m _rl-kv]X - nÀ Z[mXp
apIÄ`mKw Xmsg-`mKw hnZn-¡p-IÄ ]pcp-j³ ]pcp-j-\-Ãm-
tZh-·m-sc, R§Ä ImXp- IÄ sIm­v awKfw {ihn-¡m- ¯Xv kv{Xo FÃmw Rm³ Xs¶-bm-Wv. Kmb-{Xn, kmhn-{Xn,
\n-S-h-c-tW. I®p-IÄ sIm­v awKfw ImWm-\n-S-hc
- -tW. A\p-ãp-],v PK-Xn, {Xnãmhv XpS-§nb Oµ-Êp-Ifpw KmÀl-
kpZr-V-§-fmb AwK-§-f mepw tZl-¯mepw \n§sf ]-Xym-án, Z£n-Wm-án, Bl-h-\o-bmán Chbpw kXyw,
kvXpXn-¨p-sIm­v tZh-·mÀ \nÝ-bn-¨n-«pÅ BbpÊp apgp- ]ip Kuco-cq-]w, EIv, bPp-Ê,v kmaw, AYÀhw F¶o thZ-
h\pw R§Ä A\p-`-hn-¡p-am-dm- ItW. alm-IoÀ¯-am-\mb §Ä Ch-sbÃmw Rm\m-Ip-¶p. AwKn-c-kv, tPymjvT³,
C{µ³ R§Ä¡v awKfw Acp-f tW. kÀh-Ú-\mb t{ijvT³, hcn-jvT³, Pew, tXP-Êv, irw]y³, Ac-Wy³,
]qjzmhv R§Ä¡v awKfw \ÂI-tW. A{]-Xn-tcm-[y-K-Xn- A£-cw, £cw, ]pjvI-cw, ]]n-{Xw, A{Kw, a[yw, _mlyw
bmb Kcp-U³ R§Ä¡v awKfw \ÂI-tW. _rl-kv]Xn ]ptcm-`m-Kw, tPymXn-cq-]w, kÀhhpw Rm\m-Ip-¶p. Rm³
R§Ä¡v awKfw \ÂItW. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx kÀh hym]n-bm-Wv. Fs¶ Adn-bp-¶-h³ kÀh-tZ-h-·m-
scbpw thZ-§- sfbpw thZmw-K-§-sfbpw Adn-bp-¶p. Rm³
1. tZhm l ssh kzÀ¤w temI-am-bwkvtX cp{Z
{_mÒ-Ws\ {_mÒ-W-s\-s¡m­pw arKs¯ arK-s¯-
a]r-ѳ-þtIm `hm-\n-Xn. tkm f {_ho-Z-l-taIx {]Y-
s¡m­pw lhn-Êns\ lhn-Êp-sIm­pw Bbp-jys¯
a-am-k n-ZyÀ¯man N \m\yx IÝn³at¯m hyXn-
Bbpjyw sIm­pw kXys¯ kXyw sIm­pw [À½s¯
cnàx CXn. tkm f ´cm-Z-´cw {]mhn-iyXv Zntim
[À½w sIm­pw Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. tZh-·mÀ i¦m-Ip-e-
hy´cw {]mhn- i - X v . tkm f lw \nXym- \ ntXym
cmbn At±-l s¯ t\m¡n [ym\n¨p AXn-\ p-tijw
hyàm hytàm- { _- Ò mlw {_Òmlw {]m©x
DbÀ¯nb ssII-tfmsS AhÀ kvXpXn-¨p.
{]Xyt©m f lw Z£n-W© DZt©m f lw A[
tÝmÀ[zw Nmlw ZniÝ {]Xn-Zn-iÝ - mlw ]pam-\- 1. Hmw tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm³ bÝ {_Òm
]p-am³ kv{Xnb-i-Ý-lw. Kmb-{Xylw kmhn-{Xyplw Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
{Xnã]v PK- X y- \ p- j v S p]v Nmlw Otµm f lw 2. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm³ bÝ hnjvWpkvX
KmÀltXym Z£n- W mán cml- h - \ otbm f lw kvssa ssh \tam \ax
ktXym f lw Kuclw Kucy-l-ar-Klw bPq-clw
3. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm³ bÝ kvIµkvX
kmam- l - Y Àhmw- K n- c - t kmlw tPymjv t Tm f lw
kvssa ssh \tam \ax
t{ijv t Tm f lw hcnjv t Tm f lw Bt]mlw
tXtPm f l Krtlym f la-ctWym f lw A£-c- 4. tbm ssh cpt{Zm k `K-hm³ bÝ C{µkvX
alw £c-alw ]p]vI-c-alw ]hn-{X-alw A{Kw N kvssa ssh \tam \ax
a[yw N _lnÝ ]pc-k v X mXv tPymXn cl-tah 5. tbm ssh cpt{Zm k `K-hm³ bÝmánkvX
kÀth thyma-tah k kÀth kam tbm amw thZ kvssa ssh \tam \ax
k tZhm³ thZ k kÀhmwÝ thZm³ kmwKm- 6. tbm ssh cpt{Zm k `K-hm³ bÝ hmbp kvX
\]n {_Ò {_mÒ-ssWÝ Kmw tKm`nÀ {_mÒ-Wm³ kvssa ssh \tam \ax
{_mÒ- t Wy- \ , lhnÀl- h n- j m, Bbp- c m- b p- j m,
7. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm³ bÝ kqcy kvX
ktXy\ kXyw, [Àt½Wm [À½w, XÀ¸- b m-a n.
kvssa ssh \tam \ax
tkz\ tXPkm XtXm ] ssh tX tZhm cp{Z-a-]r-
ѳ tX tZhm cp{Z-] -i y³ tX tZhm cp{Z-a-[ ym- 8. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm³ bÝ tkmakvX
iwkvtX tZhm DuÀ[z _mlthm cp{Zw kvXp\z-´n. kvssa ssh \tam \ax

N P
 378

I 9. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm³ bÝmãu{Klmx 31. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm\y¨ kXyw Xkvssa K
\kvssa ssh \tam \ax ssh \tam \ax
10. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hmt\y Nmãu {]Xn- 32. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm\y¨ kÀhw Xkvssa
{KlmkvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax ssh \tam \ax
11. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm\yÝ `qkvXkvssa cp{Z-\mb bmsXmcp `K-hm-\mb A§v {_Òm-hm-Wv.
ssh \tam \ax A§-s\-bpÅ A§¡v \a-kvImcw \a-kvIm-cw. A§v
12. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm\ym N`phkvXkvssa hnjvWp-cq-]-\m-W.v A§bv¡v \a-kI v m-cw. A§v kvIµ-cq-
ssh \tam \ax ]\pw C{µ-cq-]\pw Aán-cq-]\pw hmbp-cq-]\pw kqcy-cq-
13. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm³ bm N kzkvX ]\pw tkma-cq-]\pw Aã-{K-l-cq-]\pw {]Xn-{K-l-cq-]\pw
kvssa ssh \tam \ax `qcq-]\pw `phÀcq-]\pw kzÀcq-]\pw alÀcq-]\pw ]rYzo-
cq-]\pw A´-co-£-cq-]\pw Zyucq-]\pw Pe-cq-]\pw tXtPm-
14. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm\y¨ al kvXkvssa
cq-]\pw Ime-cq-]\pw ba-cq-]\pw arXyp-cq-]\pw Aar-X- cq-
ssh \tam \ax
]\pw BIm-i- cq-]\pw hniz-cq-]\pw Øqe-cq-]\pw kq£va-
15. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm\ym N ]rYnho cq-]\pw IrjvW-cq-]\pw ip¢-cq-]\pw kXy-cq-]\pw kÀh-
Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax cq-]\pw BWv A§v. A§- s\- bpÅ A§bv¡v \a- kvImcw
16. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm\y¨m-´-co£w \a- kIv m-cw.
Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax 3. `qkvtX BZnÀa[yw `qhkvtX kzkvtX ioÀjw
17. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm\ym N ZyukvX hniz-cqt]m f kn, {_ssÒ-I -k -X zw, Zzn[m-{Xn[m
kvssah \tam \ax _²-kvXzw, im´n-kvXzw, ]pãn-kvXzw, lqXp-ap-lp-
18. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm\ymÝm ]x Xkvssa Xw, Z¯-a-Z-¯w, kÀh-a-kÀhw, hniz-a-hn-izw, IrX-
ssh \tam \ax a-Ir-Xw, ]c-a-]-c-]-cm-b-Ww, N Xzw, A]m-a-tkm-a-a-
19. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-h\y¨ tXPkvX arXm A`q-am-K· tPymXn-c-hn-Zma tZhm³ Ina-kvam³
kvssa ssh \tam \ax XrW-h-Z-c mXnx Inap [oÀ¯n carXw aÀ¯yw N
tkma-kqcyx ]pc-kvXmXv kq£vax ]pcpjx kÀhw
20. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-h\y-¨m-Imiw
PK- ² nXw hm GX- Z - £ cw {]Pm- ] Xyw kuayw
Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
]pcpjw {Kmly-a-{Km-tlyW `mhw `th-\, kuayw
21. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm\yÝ ImekvXkvssa kutay-\, kq£va w kq£vta-W, hmbhyw hmb-
ssh \tam \ax thy-\, {KkXn Akvssa alm-{K-kmb ssh \tam
22. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm\yÝ bakvXkvssa \ax lrZnØmx ssZhXm kÀhm lrZn {]mtW {]Xn-
ssh \tam \ax jvTnXmx lrZn Xzakn tbm \nXyw Xnt{km am{Xmx
23. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm\yÝ arXypkvX ]ckvX p kx Xtkym-¯ -c Xx intcm, Z£n- W Xx
kvssa ssh \tam \ax ]mZu b D¯-c X k Hm¦mcmx, b Hm¦mc k
24. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm\y¨m arXw Xkvssa {]Whx bx {]Whx k kÀh-hym]o bx kÀhym]o
ssh \tam \ax tkm f \t´m tbm f \´-k vX -¯mcw b¯mcw
XXv ip¢w bZv ip¢w XXv kq£vaw bXv kq£vaw
25. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm\y¨ hnizw ssh
XZv sshZypXw bZv sshZypXw XXv ]c-{_Ò bXv
Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
]cw {_Òk GIx k GIx k cpt{Zm tbm cp{Zx
26. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm\y¨ Øqew Xkvssa k Cuimt\m b Cuimt\m k `K-hm³ atl-izcx
ssh \tam \ax
atl-iz- \mb `K-hm-s\, `qtemIw A§-bpsS Xmgs¯
27. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm\y¨ kq£vaw `mKhpw `qhÀ temIw a[yhpw kzÀtemIw intcm-`m-Khpw
Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax BIp- ¶p. A§v hniz- cq- ]- ¯n {_Ò-cq- ]-am- Ip-¶p. aäp hn[-
28. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm\y¨ ip¢w Xkvssa ¯n-ep-Å-h-s\¶v tXm¶-s¸Spw A§v hr²n-cq-]\pw im´n-
ssh \tam \ax cq-]\pw lpX-cq-]\pw Alp-X-cq-]\pw Z¯-cq-]\pw AZ-¯-
29. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-hm\y¨ IrjvWw cq-]\pw kÀh-cq-]\pw AkÀh-cq-]\pw hniz-cq-]\pw Ahn-
Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax iz-cq-]\pw IrXm-Ir-X-P-]\pw ]cm-]-c-cq-]-\pw ]cm-b-W-cq-]-
30. tbm ssh cp{Zx k `K-h\y¨ IrÕv\w \p-am-W.v A§v R§Ä¡v tkma-cq]amb AarXw \ÂIn
Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax R§sf Aar-X-cq-]c - m-¡n. R§Ä tPymXnx kzcq-]-cmbn

N P
 379
I i{Xp-¡Ä¡v R§sf ]oUn-¸n-¡m³ km[y-a-Ã. AarX
kzcq-]-\m-W-§v. kqcy-kz-cq-]-\m-Wv. A§p Xs¶ PKXv
Ieym-W-Im-cnbmIp¶p. A§p-Xs¶ kz t{]c-W-bmÂ
{Klys¯ {Kmly- ¯ mepw `mhs¯ `mh- ¯ mepw
kuays¯ kuay-¯mepw hmbp-hns\ hmbp-hn-\mepw
{Kkn- ¨n- cn- ¡p-¶-Xv. C§s\ alm{Kkn- bmb At§bv¡v \a-
kvIm-cw. kI-e-Xn-sâbpw lrZ-b-¯n A§-bpsS hmk-
ap-­v. aq¶p am{X-Ifpw Ahbv¡v AXo-X-am-Wv. hS¡v
AXnsâ incÊpw sX¡v ]mZhpw ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. hS¡v
HmwIm-c-cq-]-am-Wv. Hmw Imcw {]W-ha - m-Wv. {]Whw Xs¶-
bmWv B kÀh-hym]n. kÀh-hym-]n-bmWv A\-´³; A\-
´³ Xs¶ Xmc-Ic - q]w; Xmc-Ic
- q]w Xs¶ kq£va-cq]w
kq£va-cq]w Xs¶ ip¢w; ip¢w Xs¶ hnZypXv cq]w;
hnZypXv cq]w Xs¶ B ]c-{_-Òw. ]c-{_Òcq]w Xs¶
GI-cq- ]w. GI cq]w Xs¶-bmWv cp{Z-cq-]w. cp{Z- cq]w Xs¶-
bmWv Cuim- \- cq-]w. Cuim- \cq]w Xs¶-bmWv B `K- hm³
atl-iz-c³.
4. AY Ikvam-Zp-NytX Hm¦mtcm bkvam-Zp-¨m-cy-
amW Gh {]mWm-\ qÀ[z apXv {Ima-bXn Xkva m
ZpNytX HmwImcx AY Ikvam-Zp-N ytX {]Whx
bkv a p- Z p- ¨ m- c y- a mW Gh EKyPqx kmam- Y ³
hmMvctkm {_Ò {_mÒ-tW`yx {]Wm-a-bXn \ma-
bXn N Xkva m-Zp-N ytX {]Whx AY Ikvam-± p-
NytX kÀh-hym]n Xkvam Zp¨m-cy-amW Gh bYm
]e-e-]o-WA - -[-anh im´-cq] tam Xt{]m-X-a-\p-{]m-
]vtXm, hyXn-kr-ãÝ Xkvam-Zp-NytX kÀhym-]n.
AY Ikvam-Zp-NytX A\t´m bkvam-Zp-¨m-cy-amW
Gh Xncy-KqÀ[z-a-[ -k vXm¨ Akymt´m t\m]-e -
`ytX Xkvam ZpNytX f \´x AY Ikvam-Zp-NytX
Xmcw bkvam Zp¨m-cy-amW Gh KÀ`-P-·-hym-[n-P-
cm-a-c -W -k w-km-c -a-l m-` -b m-¯ m-c-b Xn {XmbtX N
Xkvam ZpNytX Xmcw. AY-I-kvam-Zp-NytX ip¢w
bkv am Zp¨m- c y-a mW Gh ¢Zt´ ¢ma-b tX N
Xk v a m- Z p- N ytX ip¢w . AY Ikvam- Z p- N ytX
kq£vaw. bkvam-Zp-¨m-cy-amW Gh kq£vaw `qXzm
ico-cm-Wy-[n-Xn-jvTXn kÀhmWn NmwK-\y`n ariXn
Xkvam-Zp-NytX kq£vaw. AY-Ikvam ZpNytX ]cw
{_Òw bkvamXv XXv]-c-a-]cw ]cm-bWw N _rlXv
_rlXym _rwl-bXn Xkvam ZpNytX ]cw {_Ò.
AY Ikvam-Zp-NytX GtIm bx kÀhm³ {]Wm³
kw`£y kw`-£-tW-\mP kwkr-PXn hnkr-PXn
N. XoÀ°-tatI {hP´n XoÀ°-tatI Z£nWmx
{]Xy© DZ-© - { ]mt©m f `n{h- P t´m tXjmw
kÀthjm anl-kw-KXnx kmIw k GtIm `qX-Ý-
cXn {]Pm-\m-kvXkvam ZpNytX GIx AY Ikvam-
`p-NytX cp{Zx bkvam-Zr-jn`nx \mss\yÀ`ssàx E
Xaky cq]-ap-] -e`- ytX Xkvam-Zp-NytX cp{Zx AY
Ikvam-Zp-NytX Cuim\x, bx AY Ikvam-Zp-NytX
N P
`K-hm³ atl-izcx, bkvamZv `àm³ Úmt\\ `P- K
Xy-\p-Kr-lvWmXn NhmNw kwkr-PXn hnkr-PXn N
kÀhm³ `mhm³ ] cn- X yPy B ß- Ú m- t \\
tbmssKiz tcyW alXn alo-btX Xkvam-Zp-NytX
`K-hm³ atl-izcx XtZ-XZv cp{Z Ncn-Xw.
Hmw Imc-sa- ¶p-¨-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-sX-´p-sIm­v? ImcWw
AXp-¨c - n-¡p-¶-Xn\v {]mWs\ apI-fn-tem«v hen-t¡­n
hcp¶p; {]Whw F¶p ]d-bm³ Imc-W-sa´v? AXp-¨-cn-
¡p-t¼mÄ EIn, bPp- Ê,v kmaw, AYÀhw F¶o \mep thZ-
§-sfbpw AwKn-cÊv, {_Òw, {_mÒ-W³ F¶n-h-tbbpw
\a-kvIc - n-t¡­n hcp-¶p. AXp-sIm­v {]Whw F¶p
t]cp-h¶p; kÀh-hym]n F¶p ]d- b-s¸-Sp-¶-sX-´p-sIm­v?
FÅn F®-sb-¶-t]mse A{]-Xy-£-ambn kÀh-N-cm-N-
c- § -f nepw hkn-¡ p-¶ p. D¨-c n-¡ p-t ¼mÄ apI- f ntem
Xmsgtbm Xncy-¡p-If - ntem A´w ImWm³ km[n-¡m-¯-
Xn- \m A\-´³ F¶p ]d- b-s¸-Sp¶p; KÀ`w, P·w, hym[n,
Pc, acWw F¶nh he-bv¡p¶ kwkm-c-a-lm-`b - -¯nÂ
\n¶pw XcWw sN¿n-¡p-¶-Xn-\m XmcIw F¶p ]d-b-s¸-
Sp¶p; D¨-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ t¢Zw AXm-bXv Bbmkw D­m-Ip-
¶-Xn-\m ip¢w F¶p ]d-bs - ¸-Sp¶p; D¨-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ
kq£va cq]-t¯mSpIqSnb Ømh-cm-Zn-I-fmb kÀh-¯n-
sâbpw ico-cs¯ A[o-\a - m-¡p-¶-Xp-sIm­v kq£vaw
F¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p; D¨- cn-¡-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ Øqe-amb Xtam-
h- Ø- bn {]Imiw D­m-Ip- ¶-Xp-sIm­v sshZypXw F¶p
]d-bs - ¸-Sp¶p; ]cm-]-c-s¯bpw ]cm-b-W-s¯bpw _rl-
¯mb hoW-bm ÚmX-am-¡p-¶-Xn-\m ]c-{_-Òs - a¶v
]d-bs - ¸-Sp-¶p; FÃm {]mW-§-sfbpw `£n¨v AP-cq-]-
t¯msS Dev]¯n kwlm-cmZnIÄ sN¿p-¶-Xp-sIm­v GI-
s\¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p; sX¡pw ]Sn-ªmdp hS¡pw Ing¡pw
DÅ kIe XoÀ°-§- fnepw kv\m\w sN¿p-¶-hc - p-sSbpw
kXvKXn CXp Xs¶-bmIp¶p; kIe Pohn-I-fp- sSbpw IqsS
GI cq]-¯n hkn-¡p-¶-Xn-\m GI-s\¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp-
¶p. kzcq-]-sa-s´¶v ap\n-amÀ¡p am{Xta Adn-bm-\m-hpI-
bpÅq. aäp-Å-hÀ¡v km[y-a-Ãm-¯-Xn-\m cp{Z-s\¶p ]d-
b-s¸- Sp-¶p. Cuim- \o, P\\o iàn- I- fm thZ-§sf kzm[o-
\-¯n sh¨n-cn-¡p-¶XpsIm­v Cuim-\³ F¶p ]d-b-
s¸-Sp-¶p. iqc-\mb A§sb R§Ä ]men\p th­n ]ip-
hns\ {]km-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. C{µ-cq-]-
¯n A§p Xs¶- bmWv {]]- ©- ¯n\v Cui\pw Znhy- ZÀi-
\-bp-à\pw. AXn-\m A§v Cuim-\³ F¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-
¶p. kIe `mh-§fpw ssIhn«v Bß-Úm\w sIm­pw
tbmssK-izcyw sIm­pw Xsâ aln-a-bm ØnXn sN¿p-
¶-Xn-\m A§v atl-iz-c³ F¶-dn-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. CXv cp{Z-N-
cn-XamIp¶p.
5. Gtjm l tZhx {]Zntim \p kÀhmx ]pÀthm
l PmXx k D KÀt` A´x k Gh PmXx k P\n-
jyamWx {]XyMv P\m-kvXn-jvTXn kÀhtXm apJw
GtIm cpt{Zm \ ZznXob bkvX kvssa b Cam³
 380

I temIm-\o-iX Cuim-\n`nx {]Xy-MvP-\m-kvXm-jvTXn ]pcp-j\pw Bß iànbm A¶m-Zn-IÄ {]Zm\w sNbvXv K

kwNp-tIm-Nm´x Imte kwkr-Py-hnizm `qh-\m\n
tKm]v X m tbm \nw tbm\n- a - [ nXn jv T tXytIm
tbt\Zw k©- c Xn hnN- c Xn kÀhw Xao- i m\w
hcZw tZh-aoUyw \nNm-tcyamw im´n aXy-´-taXn
£amw lnXzm tlXp Pmeky aqew _p²ymkp
NnXw Øm]bn Xzm Xp cpt{Z cp{Zta IXz-amlpx.
imizXw ssh ]pcmW anl aqÀtP\ ]ithm f
\p \ma-b´w arXyp ]mim³ XtZ-tX-\. Bß-t¶-
tX-\mÀ° NXpÀ° amt{XW im´nw kwkr-PXn
]mihn tam£Ww km bm {]Yam am{Xm {_Ò-tZ-
h-Xym-càm hÀt®\ bkvXmw [ymbtX \nXyw k
KtÑXv {_mÒw ]Zw bm km ZznXobm am{Xm
hnjv W p tZhXym Irjv W m hÀt®\ bkv X w
[ymbtX \nXyw k KtÑXv sshjvWhw ]Zw bm
km XrXobm am{Xm Cuim\ tZhXym I]nem
hÀt®\ bkvXmw [ymbtX \nXyw k KtÑssZ
im\w ]Zw bm km AÀZ-Pv[-N-XpÀ°o am{Xm kÀh-
tZ-h Xm f hyào-`qXm Jw hnN-cXn ip² kv^Sn-I-
k-¶n-`m-hÀt®\ bkvXmw [ymbtXm \nXyw kwK-
tÑbv ]Z-a-\m-aIw XtZX ap]m-koX ap\tbm hmKz-
Z´n \ Xky {KlW abw ]Ùm hnlnX D¯-
tcW tb\ tZhm bm´n tb\ ]nXtcm tb\
Ejbx ]c-a-]Zw ]mcm-bWw tNXn hmam-{K-am{Xw
lrZ-bky at[y hnizw tZhw PmX-cq]w htcWyw
Xam- ß Øw tb \p ]iy´n [ocm kv t Xjmw
im´nÀ`-hXn t\X-tcjmw bkvan³ t{Im[w bm N
XrjvWm £amw N XrjvWmw lnXzm tlXp-Pm-eky
aqew _p²ym kwNnXw kvXm]-bnXzm Xp apt{Z cp{Z-
ta-I-Xz-amlpx apt{Zm ln imiz-tXh ssh ]pcm-tW-
t\j aqÀtPW X]km \nb-´m. Aán-cnXn `kva,
hmbp-cnXn `kva , Pe-anXn `kva , Pe-anXn `kva ,
Øe-anXn `kva, thymtaXn `kva, kÀhw lhm
CZw `kva-a\ GXm\n N£pjn bkva m-{Z-X -anZw
]mip-]Xw bZv `kva-\mw-Km\n kwkv]r-ti-¯-kvamZv
{_Ò-X-tZ-XXv ]mip-]Xw ]ip-]mi hntam-£-Wm.
kIe Zn¡p-I-fnepw hkn-¡p-¶Xv Htc Hcp tZh³ Hmj- [ ojp tbm cpt{Zm h\ kv ] Xnjp tb\
Xs¶; At±lw BZyw P\n- ¨p. a[y-¯nepw At±lw Xs¶. cpt{ZW PK-ZpÀ[z-[m-cnXw ]rYnho Zzn[m-{Xn-[À¯m
taen P\n-¡p-¶Xpw At±lw Xs¶. At±lw Hmtcm [mcnXm \mKm tb f ´cot£ Xkvssa cp{Zmb
{]mWn-bnepw hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p¶p; temIw apgp-h³ \nb-{´n- ssh \tam \ax. aqÀ[m-\ -aky kwko-h ym-[ Àhm
¡p-¶p. CsXÃmw Htc Hcp cp{Z³ Xs¶. HSp-hn FÃmw
At±-l-¯n ebn-¡pw. hnizs¯ krãn-¡p-¶Xpw kwl-
cn-¡p-¶Xpw B cp{Z³ Xs¶. kÀh Pohn-I-fp-sSbpw
A´À`m-K¯v hkn-¡p-¶p. Cu Cuim-\s\ [ym\n-¨mÂ
am{Xta a\p-jy\v ]c-a-amb im´n e`n-¡m³ km[n-¡q.
kÀh-X n¶pw If¦w tNÀ¡p¶ AÚm\w XyPn¨v
k©nX IÀ½- §Ä _p²n- bm cp{Z-\n Xs¶ AÀ¸n- ¨mÂ
]c- am- ßm- hp- ambpÅ sFIyw ssIh- cpw. imiz-X\pw ]pcmW
N P
Pohn-Isf arXyp-hn \n¶pw c£n-¡p-¶Xv B Bß- Úm\
{]Z³ Xs¶. AÀ° NXpÀ°am-{X-bm im´n {]Zm\w
sNbvXv At±lw _Ô-¯n \n¶v tamN\w \ÂIp-¶p.
cp{Zsâ {]Y-a-am{X {_Òm-hnsâ cà hÀ®-¯n-sâ-Xm-W.v
th­t]mse [ym\n-¨m {_Ò- ]Zw e`n- ¡p- ¶p. c­m- as¯
am{X hnjvWp- hnsâ IrjvW-hÀ®- ¯n-sâ-Xm-W.v AXv kZm
[ym\n-¡p-¶- h³ hnjvWp ]Zs¯ {]m]n- ¡p- ¶p. aq¶m- as¯
am{X Cuim\ tZhsâ ]oX hÀ®- ¯n- sâ-Xm-Wv. AXv [ym\n-
¡p-¶-hÀ Cuim\ ]Zw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. AÀ² {]XyÀ°
am{X kÀh thZ kzcq-]-ambn Ahy-à-ambn BIm-i-¯nÂ
k©-cn-¡p-¶p. AXnsâ \ndw ip² kv^SnI Xpey-amWv
AXns\ [ym\n-¡p-¶-hÀ apàn {]m]n-¡p-¶p. AÀ²-am{X
am{Xw D]m-kn-¨m aXn F¶mWv ap\n-am-cpsS aXw. Cu
D]m-k-\-bm IÀ½-_Ôw tOZn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. CtX D¯c
amÀ¤-¯n-eq-sS-bmWv tZh-·mcpw ]nXr-¡fpw alÀjn-amcpw
Kan-¡p-¶-Xv. CXp Xs¶ ]cm-]-chpw ]mcm-bW - -hp-amb
amÀ¤w Xe-ap-Sn-bpsS A{Kw t]mse AXn-kq-£va-¯n-epÅ
lrZ-b-¯n \nh-kn-¡p¶ hniz-cq-]\pw tZh-cq-]\pw Bb
]c- am-ßm-hns\ Xsâ lrZ- bm- ´À`mK¯p ImWp¶ Úm\n-
I- fmWv im´nsb {]m]n- ¡p-¶-Xv. aäp- Å- h- c- Ã. t{Im[-Xr- jvW-
IÄ¡v Imc-W`- qX-amb aqew XyPn¨v k©nX IÀ½-§Ä
_p²n-] qÀhw cp{Z-\ n kaÀ¸n-¨ m At±-l -h p-ambn
XmZmßyw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. imiz-X\pw ]pcm-W-]p-cp-j\pw
cp{Z³ Xs¶. AXn-\m kzi-àn-bmepw X]-Ên-\mepw
At±lw temIw \nb-{´n-¡p-¶p. Aán hmbp Pew Øew
F¶nh thyma-¯m `kva-cq-]-am-Ip-¶p. C§-s\-bpÅ `K-
hm³ ]ip-]-Xn-bpsS `kvaw BcpsS ico-c-¯n ]Xn-¡p-
¶pthm Ah\pw `kvas¯ t]mse- bm-bn- ¯o- cp-¶p. C§s\
]ip-]-Xn-bpsS {_Ò-cq-]-amb `kvaw Pohn-I-fpsS _Ô-\-
hn-tO-Z-\-¯n\v Imc-W-ambn `hn-¡p-¶p.
6. tbmáu cpt{Zm tbm]vkz-´cy Hmj-[oÀ hncp[
Bhn- t hi b Cam hnizm `qh- \ m\n Nm¢nth
Xkvssa cp{Zmb \tam-kvXz-átb tbm cpt{Zmáu
tbm cp{Z Hmj-[ oÀ hocp[ Bhn-th-i tbm cp{Z
Cam hnizm `qh-\ m\n Nm¢th Xkvs sa cp{Zmb
ssh \tam \ax tbm cp t{Zm f ]vk p tbmcp{Z
lrZbw N bXv akvXnjvIm ZqÀ[zx ss{]c-bXv ]h-
amt\m f [n ioÀjXx XZzm AYÀhWx intcm tZh-
tImix kap-©nXx XXv {]mtWm f `nc-£Xn intcm
f ¶ atYm a\x\ N Znthm tZh Pt\\ Kp]vXm
\hm-´-c o-£mWn \h-`qa Cam-b-kvan-¶n-Zw kÀh-
tam-X-t{]mXw b kvamZ-\y-¶-]cw In©\m kvXn \
XkvamXv ]qÀhw \ ]cw XZkvXn \ `qXw \tXm
`hyw bZm-koXv kl-{k-]m-tZI aqÀ[m hym]vXw
 381

I k G thZ-am-]-co-hÀ¯n `qXw A£-cmXv kwPm- \n¶v temI-§-fpw DÛ-hn-¡p-¶p. At±lw X]Êp sN¿p- K
btX Imex ImemZv hym]I DNytX hym]tIm ln t¼mÄ kXyw D­m-Ip-¶p. XpSÀ¶v AarX {]hmlw D­m-
`K-hm³ cptZm `mKm bamt\m bZm titX cp{Z Ip-¶p. B {]hmlw imiz-Xa - m-Ip-¶p. AXv ]c-a-amb ]X-
kvXZm kwl-ctX {]Pmx DÑn-kotX Xtam `hXn Êm-Wv. AXv Pew, tPymXn-Êv, ckw, Aar-Xw, {_Òw `qx
Xak Bt]m-]vkzw-Kpeym aYntX aYnXw inintc `hx kzx F¶n-h-bmbn ]cn-W-an-¡p-¶p.
inincw aYy-am\w t^t\m-`-hXn t^\m ZÞw `h-
7. b CZ- a - Y Àh intcm {_mÒtWm f [otX
Xy-WA- -[mXv hmbp {_Òm-`-h-Xn. {_ÒtWm hmbpx
At{im-{Xnbx t{im{Xntbm `h-Xn. A\p-]-\oXx D]-
hmtbm-cmw-Imcx Hmw¦m-cmXv kmhn{Xo kmhn{Xym
\otXm `hXn tkm f án ]qtXm `g-Xn. k hmbp
Kmb-{Xn, Kmb{Xym temIm `h´n AÀ¨-b´n X]x
]qtXm `h-X n. k kqcy-] qtXm `h-X n. k tkma-
kXyw A[y-£-c´n bZv {[phw GX²n ]caw X]x
]qtXm `h-X n. k kXy-] qtXm `h-X n. k kÀh
Bt]m tPymXn ctkm f arXw {_Ò `qÀ`phx
]qtXm `h- X n. k kÀsshÀtZsshx ÚmtXm
kztcmw \a CXn.
`hXn k kÀsshx tZsshx ÚmtX `h-Xn. k
Aán- b nepw Pe-¯ nepw IpSn-s Im- Å p¶ cp{Z³ kÀssh thssZ-c-\p-[ymtXm `h-Xn. k kÀthjp
Xs¶bmWv sNSnI-fnepw hr£-§-fnepw DÅ-Xv. kakvX XoÀt°jp kv\mtXm `h-Xn. tX\ kÀsshx {IXp-
hnizhpw krãn-¨n-«pÅ B Aán-cq-]-\mb cp{Z\v \a-kI v m- `n- c nãw `hXn Kmb{Xymx jjv S n kl- { kmWn
cw. sNSn-I-fnepw hr£- §-fnepw Aán-bnepw ØnXn sN¿p- P]vXm\n `h-´n. CXn-lm-k-]p-cm-Wm\mw cp{ZmWmw
¶-h\pw kIe hniz-¯nsâ {kãm-hp-amb cp{Z\v \a-kI v m- KX-k -l - { kmWn P]vX m\n `h-´ n. {]W-h m-\ m- a -
cw. hr£-§-fnepw sNSn-I-fnepw Pe-¯nepw hkn-¡p-¶- bpXw P]vXw `h-Xn. B N£pjx ]wànw ]p\m-
h\pw Cu hnizs¯ [cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-h\pw c­p {]Im-c- \n. B k]vXa - mXv ]pcp-j-bp-Km³ ]p\m-Xo-Xyml
¯nepw (in-h³ iàn) aq¶p {]Im-c-¯nepw (kXz cP- `K-hm-\ -YÀh-i ncx kIrXv P]vs sXzh ipNnx kx
kvXaÊpIÄ) `qansb \bn-¡p-¶-h\pw kÀ¸-[m-cn-bp-amb ]qXx IÀ½tWym `h-Xn. ZznXobw P]vXzm KWm-[n-
cp{Z `K-hm\v \a-kIv m-cw. cp{Zsâ {]W- h-kz-cq- ]-amb aqÀ[m- ]-Xym-a-hm-]vt\m-Xn. XrXobw P]vXzm Gh-tah A\p-
hns\ D]m-kn-¨m inhsâ D¶X ØnXn ssIh- cp- ¶p. D]m- {]-hn-itXymw kXytamw kXyw
kn-¡m-¯-]£w A[x]X-\-am-Wv. FÃm tZh-·m-cp-sSbpw
kmaq-lnI cq]w cp{Zsâ akvXIamWv. AXnsâ {]mW\pw Cu AYÀh-in-tcm-]-\n-j¯v hmbn-¡p¶ {_mÒ-W³
a\Êpw intcm- c-£-I- am-Wv. tZh-·mÀ¡v X\nsb `qan-sbtbm thZ-Ú-\-sÃ- ¦nepw thZ-Ú-\m-bn-¯o-cp¶p. A\p-]-\o-X-
BIm-i-s¯tbm kzÀ¤-s¯tbm H¶n-s\bpw c£n-¡m³ \m-sW-¦nepw D]-\o-X\v Xpey-\m-Ip-¶p. Aán, hmbp,
iàn-bn-Ã. kI-eXpw cp{Z-\n AS-§p-¶p. At±-l-¯n- \- kqcy³, tkma³, kXyw F¶n-h-sb-t¸mse Ah³ ]cn-
¸pdw bmsXm-¶p-an-Ã. aq¶p `qX-`-hnjy Ime-§-fnepw H¶pw ip-²-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah³ kÀh{X hnip-²-\m-Ip¶p.
D­m-bn-«n-Ã. kl{k ]mZ\pw kl{k inc-Êp-Åh-\p-amWv- Ah³ ssZh-Ú \pw thZ-PvV\pw kÀh-XoÀ°-k\ v m-\-]p-
At±-l w. kÀh`qX hym]vX- \m-W-t ±-l w. Ime-¯nsâ Wy-hm\pw Bbn-¯o-cp-¶p. FÃm bÚ-§fpw sNbvXm-
DÂ]¯n A£-c-¯n \n¶p-am-Wv. Imew hym]-Ia - m-Wv. epÅ ^ehpw Ah\v In«p- ¶p. CXn- lm-k-]p-cm-W-§Ä A[y-
hym]-I\pw t`mKmbam\-\p-amb cp{Z³ ibn-¨m kIe b\w sNbvXv ^ehpw Hcp e£w cp{Z-\ma P]-¯nsâ
Pohn-I-fp-sSbpw A´yw kw`-hn-¡p-¶XmWv. ]ns¶ At±- ^ehpw ]Xn-\m-bncw {]Whw P]n¨ ^ehpw Ah\v In«p-
l-¯nsâ izmkwsIm­v XaÊpw aX-Ên \n¶v Pehpw ¶p. Ahs\ ImWp-¶-Xp-sIm­v Xs¶ Bfp-IÄ ]cn-ip-²-
D­m- Ip- ¶p. B Pew hnc-ep-I-fm aYn-¡-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ inin- cm-Ip¶XmWv. Ah³ Xsâ Ggp Xe-ap-dI - sf ]cn-ip-²-am-
cÀ¯p-hnse t]mse aªp-­m-Ip-¶p. AXns\ aY\w ¡p-sa¶v ]d-ªn-«p-­v. Cu AYÀh intcm-]-\n-j¯v Hcn-
sN¿p-t¼mÄ \pcbpw, \pc-bn \n¶v AÞhpw AÞ- ¡Â P]n-¨m Ah³ ]cn-ip-²\pw IÀ½m-[n-Im-cn-bp-am-
¯n \n¶v {_Òhpw D­m-Ip-¶p. {_Òmhn \n¶v Ip-w. c­m-aXv P]n-¨m KWm-[n-]-Xn-bmIpw aq¶p-h«w P]n-
hmbphpw hmbp-hn \n¶v Hmw¦m-chpw Hm¦m-c- ¯n \n¶v ¨m kXy-kz-cq-]-amb Hm¦m-c-¯n {]th-in-¡p-¶p.
kmhn- {Xnbpw kmhn-{Xn-bn \n¶v Kmb-{Xnbpw Kmb-{Xn-bnÂ
AYÀh-in-tcm-]\
- n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

N P
 382

I K
1Aar- X - \ m- t Zm- ] - \ nj¯v
3

im´n- ] mTw
Hmw. kl-\ m-h-h-X p. kl\u `p\-àp. kl- Nn´-tb-Zm-ßt\m civao³ |
hocyw Ic-hm-hssl tXPkzn \mh-[o-X-a-kvXp. am {]Xym-lmcx k DNytX ||
hnZzn-jmh ssl. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
6. {]Xym-lm-c-kvXYm [ym\w |
]c-{_Òw \s½ c­p-t]-scbpw c£n-¡tW. \s½
{]mWmbm tam f Y [mcWm |
c­p-t]-scbpw Hcp-an¨v ]cn-]m-en-¡-tW. \½Ä c­p-t]cpw
Hcp-an¨v Ign-hp-IÄ hfÀ¯- tW. \½psS A[y-b\w tXtPm-
XÀ¡-ssÝh kam[n Ý |
a-ba- m-bn-¯o-c tW. \mw ]c-kv] cw hntZzjw ImWn-¡m- jUwtKm tbmK DNytX ||
Xn-cn-¡t- W. {]W-h-¯nsâ BImcmZnam-{X-IÄ Ah-bpsS enwK-`q-X-
1. imkv{Xm-Wy-[oXy ssa[mho | amb ]Z- §Ä B{i- b-`q- X- amb hnizw,hncmSv F¶n- hsb hn«v
kzc- lo- \-amb aIm- c-¯nsâ hmN- I-amb Cuis\ [ym\n- ¨mÂ
A`yky N ]p\x ]p\x |
km[- I\v Xpco-b-X-Xz- ¯n-se-¯mw. B X¯zw kÀh-{]-]-©-
]caw {_Ò-hn-Zymbm |
¯n\pw hnZq-c- amWv. i_vZ-kzÀimZn hnj-b-§epw Ahsb
Dev¡m-h-¯ m-\y-tYm-Õp-tPXv || {Kln-¡p¶ C{µnb§fpw a\Êpw kqcy-c-ivan-sb-t¸mse
imkv{X- §Ä ]Tn¨v _p²n hnI- kn-¸n¨v ho­pw ho­pw Bßm-hn ImW-Ww. A§s\ A\m-ß-hn-j-b-§-fnÂ
A`y-kn¨v ]c-a-amb {_ÒhnZy-t\-Sp-I. Dev¡-t]mse N©- \n¶pw a\-Êns\ \nhÀ¯n-¸n¨v Bß-Nn´ sN¿-Ww. Cu
e-amb Pohn-Xs¯ ]mgm-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-I. Bß-hn-Nn-´- \-amWv {]Xym-lmcw tbmK-¯nsâ Bdv AwK-
§-fmb {]mWm-bm- aw, [ym\w, [mc-Ww, XÀ¡w, am[n, F¶n-
2. Hm¦mcw cY-am-cply |
h- tbm- sSm¸w {]Xym-lm-chpw {][m-\- am-Wv.
hnjvWpw IrXzmY kmcYnw |
7. bYm ]ÀhX [mXp\mw |
{_Ò-temI ]Ym-t\zjn |
Zlyt´ [a-\m-·emx |
cp{Zm-cm-[\ XXv]cx ||
ZtY-{µn-b-IrXmx tZmjm |
Hmw¦m-c-am-Ip¶ cY-¯n Ibdn hnjvWp-hns\ kmc-
ZMyt´ {]mW-\n-{K-lmXv ||
Ynb-bm¡n bYmÀ° {_Ò-temIw At\z-jn-¨p-sIm­v
cp{Zsâ D]m-k-\-bn XmÂ]cyw hln-¡-Ww. ]ÀÆ-X-¯nse kzÀ®w XpS-§nb [mXp-¡Ä NqSp]nSn-
¸n¨v aen-\X Zqsc-bm-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse C{µn-b-P-\y-§-fmb
3. Xmh-{Z-tY\ K´hyw |
tZmj-§Ä {]mWm-bmaw sIm­v Zqsc-bm-¡mw.
bmh-{ZY ]Yn-ØnXx |
8. {]mWm-bmssax Ztl-t±m-jm³ |
ØnXzm cY ]Yx Øm\w |
[mc-Wm-`nÝ Inev_njw |
cY-apXv krPy-K-ÑXn ||
{]Xym-lm-tcW kwkÀ¤m³ |
cY-amÀ¤w Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶-Xp-hsc cY-¯n k©-cn-
¡mw. amÀ¤w Ah-km-\n-¨m cYw hn«v apt¶m«p t]mImw.
[yt\-\m-\n-iz-c³ KpWm³ ||

4. am{Xm enwK-]Zw Xyàzm | 9. Inev_njw ln £bw \oXzm |

i_vZ-hy-RvP\ hÀPnXw cpNncw ssNh Nn´-tbXv ||
Akz-tcW aIm-tcW | {]mWm-bmaw sIm­v tZmj-§-sfbpw [mc-Ws - Im­v
]Zw kr£vaw N KÑXn || ]m]-§-sfbpw Zln-¸n-¡p-I. C§s\ ]m]-§-sfbpw Ah-
bpsS AwK-§-sfbpw \in-¸n¨v tZhs\ kzkz-cq-]-¯nÂ
5. i_vZmZn hnjbmx ]© |
[ym\n-¡p- I.
t\{X-ssÝ-hmXn N©ew |
N P
 383

I 10. cpNntc tcNIw ssNh | AÔ-s\-t¸mse H¶pw ImWm-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw _[n-c-s\- K

hmtbm-cm-I-jWw XYm | t¸mse tI«n«pw tI¡m-Xn- cn-¡p- Ibpw tZlw shdpw ac¯-
Sn-t]mse Icp-Xm-\n-S-bm-Ip-¶-Xp-am-Wv{]im-´sâ e£-Ww.
{]mWm-bm-am-kv{Xbx t{]màm |
tcN ]pc-I-Ipw-`Imx || 16. a\x k¦-ev]Iw [ymXzm |
kw£n-]ym-ß\n _p²n-am³ |
11. khym-lrXnx k{]-Whmw |
[mcbn Xzm XYm-ßm\w |
Kmb-{Xnw inckm kl |
{Xnx ]tT-Zm-b-X-{]mWx | [mcWm ]cn IoÀ¯nXm ||

{]mWm-bmax k DNytX || a\Êv k¦-e] v m-Ü-I-sa¶v IcpXn AXns\ Bßm-hnÂ

ebn-¸n¨v ]c-am-ßm-hns\ Nn´n-¡p-I-bmWv [mc-W-sb¶
DÅn hmbp-hns\ Ønc-ambn \ndp-¯p-Ibpw shfn-
{]mW-bm-aw.
bn-te¡v hnSp-Ibpw AI-t¯mSp hnen-¡p-Ibpw sN¿-Ww.
hymlrXn Hmw¦mcw Ch-tbm-Sp-IqSn Kmb{Xn aq¶p-X-hW 17. BK-a-kym-hn-tcm-t[\ |
sNmÃn tcN-Iw, ]qc-Iw, Ipw`Iw F¶o {Inb-IÄ sN¿p- Dul\w XÀ¡ DNytX |
¶-Xn\v {]mWm-bm-a-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶p. bw e_v[zm-]yh at\yX |
12. DXv£n]y hmbp-am-Imiw | kx kam[n {]IoÀ¯nXm ||
iq\yw IrXzm \ncm-ßIw | XÀ¡-sa-¶Xv imkv{Xhn[nb-\p-k-cn-¨pÅ Nn´- bm-Wv.
iq\y-`m-th\ bpRvPo-bmþ bmsXm¶p e`n-¨m-emWv aäp e`n- t¡­ hkvXp- ¡Ä XpÑ- §-
t{ZNI tkyXn e£-Ww. || sf¶p tXm¶p-¶Xv AXmWv {]mWm-bm-amw- K-amb kam- [.n

{]mW- h m-b p-h ns\ BIm-i -¯ n DXvt £- ] Ww 18. `qan-`mtK kta ctay |
sNbvXp. lrZ-bs¯ hmbp iq\y-am-¡n-¯oÀ¡p¶XmWv kÀh-tZmj hnhÀPntX |
tcN-I-{]-Wm-bm-a w. IrXzm at\m-abnw c£mw |
13. t\m Ñztk-¶m-\p-Ñz-tk-ss¶h | P]vXzm ssN hmY aÞte ||
Km{XmWn Nme-tbXv | 19. ]ßIw kzkvXnIw hm]n |
Ghw hmbpÀ{K-lX hyx | - -Ym]n hm |
`{Zm-k-\a
]qc-I-tkyXn e£Ww || _²zm tbmKm-k\w kayIv |
izkn-¡p-Itbm DÑz-kn- ¡p-Itbm sN¿m- sXbpw icocw D¯-cm-`n-ap-J-ØnXx ||
Nen-¸n-¡m-sXbpw Ccp-¶p-sIm­v {]mW-hm-bp-hns\ \ntcm-
kÀh tZmj hnap-àhpw kahpw kpµ-c-hp-amb `q`m-
[n-¡p-¶-Xn\p ]qc-I-{]m-Wm-bm-a-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶p.
K¯v ]ßm-k-\-¯ntem kzkvXn-Im-k-\-¯ntem `{Zm-k-\-
14. ht{à-tWm-Xv]-e-\m-tfW | ¯ntem CS-hn-SmsX D¯-cm-`n-ap-J-am-bn-cp¶v a\-Êns\ Dd-
hmbw IrXzm \ncm-{ibw | ¸n¨v aÞew P]n-¡-Ww.
Ghw hmbpÀ {Klo-Xhyx | 20. \mkn-Im-]p-S-aw-Kp-eym |
Iw`-I-tkyXn e£Ww || ]n[mssb tI\ amcpXw |
hmbn-eq-sS-bpw Ia-e-\m-f-¯n-eq-sSbpw shÅw hen-s¨- BIrjy [mc-tb-Záow |
Sp-¡p- ¶- Xp- t]mse kmh-[m\w hmbp- hns\ AI-t¯¡v hen- i_vZ-ta-hm`n Nn´-tbXv ||
¡p-¶Xv Ipw`-I-{]m-Wm-bm-a-am-Ip-¶p.
21. Hman-tXy-Im-£cw {_Ò |
15. AÔ-hXv ]iy cq]mWn | Hman-tXy-tI\ tcN-tbXv |
irWp i_vZ aIÀ½-hXv | Znhy-a-t{´W _lpix |
ImjvT-hXv ]iytX tZlw | Ipcym-Zm-ß-a-e-NypXnx ||
{]im´ tkyXn e£-Ww ||
Hcp hncÂsIm­v Hcp \mknImZzmcw AS¨v Xpd¶

N P
 384

I \mkZzmc-¯n IqSn hmbp AI-t¯¡v hen-¡p-I. ]ns¶ 27. lrZzmcw hmbp-Zzmcw N |

c­p Zzmc-§epw AS¨v hmbp-hns\ \ntcm-[n-¡-Ww. ]ns¶
GIm-£c i_vZ-cq-]hpw tXtPm-a-b-hp-amb {]Wh i_vZw
Nn´n¨v hmbp kmh-[m\w shfn-bn hnSp-I. C§s\ {]hm-
-ß-I-amb a{´w At\Iw {]mhiyw {]tbm-Kn¨v Nn¯-am-en-
\y-a-I-äp-I.
22. ]Ýzm-²ym-tbX ]qÀthmàw |
{Iatim a{´ \nÀ±n-tiXv |
Øqem-Xn-Øq-e-am-{Xmbw |
\mXn aqÀ[z-a-Xn-{Iax ||
aq¼v kqNn-¸n¨hn[w {]Whw Nn´n-¡p-I. {]W-h-KÀZn-
X-amb {]mWm-bmaw Hcp ka-b¯v Øqem-Xn-Øq-e-am-{X-
bn A[nIw sN¿m³ ]mSn-Ã.
K
DuÀ[z-Zzm-c-aXx ]cw |
tam£-Zzmcw _new ssNh |
kpjncw aÞew hnZpx ||
GXp- amÀ¤-¯n IqSn tbmKn t\m¡p- ¶p-thm B amÀ¤-
¯n IqSn {]mW³ a\-Êns\ A\pKan¡p¶p {]mW³
D¯- a- amÀ- ¤- ¯n-eqsS t]mIp-¶-Xn- \m \nc-´-cm- `ymkw Bh-
iy- am-Wv. lrZ- b- ¯n IqSn {]mW³ kpjpav\m amÀ¤- ¯nÂ
{]th-in-¡p-¶p. apI-fn DuÀ[z-K-a\ amÀ¤hpw {_Ò-c-
{µhpw ØnXn sN¿p-¶p. tbmKn-IÄ CXns\ kqcy-a-Þ-e-
sa¶v Icp-Xp-¶p. AXns\ t`Zn¨v {]mW³ shSn-ªmÂ
apàn kn²n-¡pw.
28. `bw t{Im[-a-Ym-eky |

23. Xncy-KpÀ[z-at[m Zrãow | aXn kz]v\mXn PmKcw |

hn\nÀ²mcy alm-aXn | AXym-lm-c-a-\m-lmcw |
Øncx Ømbo-hn-\n-jvIXz | \nXyw tbmKo hnhÀP-tbXv ||
XZm tbmKw ka-`y-tkXv || `bw t{Im[w Bekyw AXn-\n{Z Gsd DWÀ¶n- cn- ¡pI
AanX t`mP\w \ncm-lmcw F¶nh tbmKn Hgn-hm-¡-Ww.
I®v ap¼nepw apI-fnepw Xmsgbpw Ønco-Ic
- n¨v Cf-
ImsX Ccp-¶p-sIm­v tbmKm-`ymkw sN¿p-I. 29. At´\ hn[n\m karIv |

24. Xmem-am{Xm bYm tbmtKm | \nXy-a-`y-kXm {IamXx |

[mcWm tbmP\w XYm | kzb-ap-Xv]-ZytX Úm\w |

ZzmZi amt{Xm tbmKkvXp | {Xn`oÀam sskÀ\ kwibx ||

ImetXm \nbXx kvarXx || 30. NXpÀ`nx ]iytX tZhm³ |

tbmK-`ymkw \nÝnX ]²-Xn-b\- p-k-cn¨v sN¿p-I. ZzmZ- ]©-`n-kvXpey hn{Iamx |
i-am-{X-amb tbmKw Ime-¯m-Â \nb-X-am-Ip-¶p. CÑm-bm-]vt\mXn ssIheyw |

25. AtLm-j-a-hy-Ú-\-a-kzcw N | jjvtT amkn \ kwibx ||

AIWvT Xtezmjp a\m-knIw N | C§s\ \nb-a-{]-Imcw \nXyhpw tbmK-N -c y-bnÂ

s]Sp¶ tbmKn kzbw Úm\w t\Sp-¶p. \mep amkw
Atcj PmX-ap-`-tbmjvT hÀPnXw |
sIm­v Ah\v tZh-ZÀi\w e`n-¡p-¶p. A©p-am-k-¯n-\p-
bZ-£cw \ £ctX IZm-NnXv ||
Ån tZh- Xp-ey-amb kmaÀ°yw In«p-¶p. Bdp- am-k-¯nÂ
_mly- {]-b-Xv\-¯m D¨- cn-¡-s¸- Sm-hp- ¶- Xà {]W-h-\m- Poh-·p-àm-hØ- bpw In«pw.
Zw. AXv hyRvP-\tam kzctam AÃ. IWvTw Xmep HmjvTw
31. ]mÀ°nhx ]© am{XmWn |
\mknI Ch-sImt­m hyà-am-¡m-hp-¶-X-Ã. aqÀ[m-hp-
sIm­pw Z´w sIm­pw D¨-cn¡m-\m-hn-Ã. AXn\v \mi-an-
NXpÀam-{XmWn hmcpWx |
Ã. {]mWm-bma cq]-¯n A`ykn¡p-Ibpw a\-Êns\ \mZ- Btá-bkvXp {Xnam-{XmWn |
cq-]-¯n \nc-´cw ebn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNt¿-­- Xm-W-Xv. hmbhy kvXpZzn-am-{XIx ||
26. tb\mku ]iytX amÀ¤w | - m-I mtim |
32. GI-am-{X-kvXY
{]mW-kvtX\ ln KÑXn | lrÀ²-am{Xw Xp Nn´-tbXv |
AX-Ê-a-`y-tk-¶nXyw | kn²nw IrXzm Xp a\km |
k·mÀ¤-a-\mb ssh || Nn´tb Zmß-\m-ß\n ||
N P
 385

I ]mÀ°nh XXzw [cn-¡p-t¼mÄ {]W-h-¯nse A©p AY hÀ®mkvXp ]©m\mw | K

am{X-IÄ Nn´n-¡-Ww. Pe-X-Xz-am-Ip-t¼mÄ \mev, Aán-am- {]mWm-Zo-\m-a-\p-{I-amXv ||
{X-bm-Ip-t¼mÄ aq¶v, hmbp XXz-am- Ip-t¼mÄ c­v, Cu \ne-
lrZ- b- amWv {]mWm- Zn-I-fpsS \nhm- k- Øm\w. A]m- \³
bn Nn´n-¡pI BImi XXzw [cn-¡p-t¼mÄ {]W-h-
KpZ-¯nepw kam-\³ \m`n-tZ-i¯pw DZm-\³ IWvT-¯nepw
¯nsâ GI am{XIw {]W- hs¯ Nn´n-¡pt¼mÄ AXnsâ
hym\³ kÀhmw-K-§- fnepw k©-cn- ¡p-¶p. {]mWm-Zn-I- fpsS
DuÀ[zam{X -am-{Xhpw Nn´n-¡-Ww. am\-knI [mc-W-bmÂ
h˨w ]d-bmw.
kzi-co-c -¯n Xs¶ ]©`qX-kn-²nbpw Nn´- \ bpw
thWw. C§s\ sNbvXm ]©-`q-X- §fpw hin-Ir-X-§- 37. cà-hÀ®-aWn {]Jyx |
fm-Ip-¶p. {]mtWm hmbpx {]IoÀ¯nXx |
33. {XnwiXv ]Àhmw Kpex {]mtWm | A]m-\-kvXky at[yXp |
b{X {]mWx {]Xn-jvTnXx | C{µ tKm]-k-a{]`x ||
Gj {]mW CXn JymtXm | 38. kam-\-kvXky at[y Xp |
_mly {]mWx ktKm-Ncx || - f {]`x |
tKm£o-c-[h
34. AioXnx jSviXw ssNh | A]m-Þpc DZm-\Ý |
kl-{kmWn {Xtbm Zi | hymt\m lrˬn ka-{]`x ||
e£ ssÝtIm]n | Nph¶ cXv\-¯nsâ \nd-t¯mSp IqSn- b-XmWv {]mW³.
\nxizmk Atlm-cm{X {]am-WXx || A]m-\\v C{µ-tKm-]¯
- nsâ \nd-am-Wv. kam-\³ ]ip-hn³
]men\p Xpeyw shfp-¯-Xm-Wv. DZm-\\v [qkc hÀ®-am-Ip-
ap¸Xv AwKpew \nf-apÅ izkw ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶Xv
¶p. hym\³ Aán Pme-bpsS \ndw IeÀ¶-Xt- {X.
{]mW- hm- bp-hnsâ B{i-b-cq-]-am- Wv. CXp- Xs¶bmWv. {]mW-
s\¶ t]cn {]kn-²-am-bn-«p-Å-Xv. C{µnb tKmN-c-amb 39. bsskyj aÞew `nXzm |
{]mW- \ n Hcpe£¯n¸Xn-a q-h m-b n-c ¯n Aªqän amcptXm bmXn aqÀZ-[\n |
F¬]Xv izk-\-{Inb Atlm-cm-{Xw \S-¡p-¶p-­v.
b{X X{X {antb-Zzm]n |
35. {]W BtZym lrZn Ømt\ | \ k `qtbm`n PmbtX |
A]m\ kvXp ]p\À KptZ | \ k `qtbm`n PmKtX ||
kamt\m \m`n tZtiXp | CXyp-]- \ n-jXv
DZm\x IÞ-am-{inXx ||
bmsXmcp km[-Isâ {]mW³ Cu aÞew t`Zn¨p
36. hym\x kÀthjp NmwtKjp | sIm­v apÀ²m-hn-se-¯p-t¶m Ah³ FhnsS sh¨v acn-
kZm hym]r-Xy-Xn-jvTXn | ¨mepw ]p\À P·w {]m]n-¡p-¶n-Ã. Ah\v ]p\À P·-an-Ã.

Aar-X- \m-tZm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

N P
 386

I K
1 Ah- [ q- t Xm- ] - \ n- j ¯v 3

im´n- ] mTw 5. tKmhm-ek- -Zriw ioÀtj |

\m]n at[y \ Nm]y[x
Hmw kl \mh-hXp kl \u `p\àp kl
hocyw Ic- h m-h ssl tXPkzn \mh-[ o- X - akvX p {_Ò ]pÑw {]Xn-jvtTXn |
amhn-Zzn-jm-hssl Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx ]pÑ-Im-tcW Imc-tbXv ||
]c-{_Òw Kpcp-in-jy-·m-cmb R§Ä c­p-t]-tcbpw 6. Ghw NXp-jv]Yw IrXzm |
Hcp-an¨v kwc-£n-¡-tW. R§sf c­p-t]-tcbpw Hcp-an¨v tX bm´n ]camw KXnw |
]men-¡tW. R§Ä c­p-t]-tcbpw Hcp-an¨v kmaÀ°yw \ IÀ½Wm \ {]Pbm |
{]m]n-¡-tW. R§-fpsS A[ym-b\w tXP-Êmbn-cn-¡tW.
[t\\ XymtK-ss\tX |
R§Ä hntZzjw ]peÀ¯m-Xn-cn-¡-tW. Hmw im´nx im´nx
im´nx. Aar-X-Xz-am-\ipx ||

1. AY l kmwIr-XnÀ`-K-h´w Z¯m-t{Xbw ]cn-k- {]nb-X-c-amb {_Òw BcpsS akvXIw, tamZw, Z£n-

W-]-£w, {]tam-Zw, D¯-c-]£w Cu \ne-b n-em-I p-¶p
taXy ]{]- Ñ - þ - ` - K -h ³ tIm f h[q- X - k vX -k yIm
Ahsâ KXn tKmjv]-Za - m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. ]ip-hnsâ hmÂ
ØnXnx, Inw e£yw, Inw kwk- c - W - a nXn Xw
t]mse apI-fnepw \Sp¡pw Xmsgbpw CÃm-¯Xv bmsXm-
tlmhmN `Kthm Z¯m-t{Xbx ]ca Imcp-WnIx
¶mtWm AXv kÀh {]Xn-jvT-cq-]-amb {_Òw ]pÑw F¶v
kmwIrXn `K-hm³ Z¯m-t{X-bs\ kao-]n¨v C§s\ ]d-bs - ¸-Sp-¶p. AXn-\m AXns\ ]pÑ-Im-c-¯n- em-¡Ww
tNmZn¨p: ""`K-hm-s\, A]-[q-X- \m-cmWv? Ahsâ Ah-Ø- C§s\ Ah-[q-X-·mÀ \mep-amÀ¤-§-fn IqSn ]c-a-KXn
sb´v? Ahsâ NnÓ-sa´v? Ahsâ kwk- c-W-sa-´mWv?'' {]m]n-¡p-¶p. hnhn[ IÀ½-§-fmtem {]P-bmtem [\-
CXp-tI«v ]c- a-Im- cp- Wn-I-\mb `K-hm³ Z¯m-t{X-b³ kmwIr- ¯mtem Aa-cXzw {]m]n-¡m³ km[y-a-Ã. XymKw sIm­p
Xn-tbmSv ]d-ªp. am{Xta Aa-cXzw {]m]n-¡m\mIq.

2. A£-c -Xzm-Zz-tc-Wy-Xzmþ 7. sskzcw sskzc-h n-l -c Ww XXv kwk-c Ww

kmw_cm hm ZnKw-_ cm hm \ tXjmw [À½m
²qX-kw-kmc _Ô-\mXv |
[À½u \ ta[m-b-ta[yu kmw{K-l-tWy-ã-m-bm-izta
XXz-a-kym-Z n-e -£ yXzm [a-´À-bmKw bPtX.
Zh-[qX CXn-cytX || 8. k almtJm alm-tbmKx IrÕv\ -ta-X¨ - n{Xw
3. tbm hnew-Lym-{i-am³ hÀ®m IÀa sskzcw \ hnKm-tb-¯-·-lm-{hXw \ k ZrV-
hn-Ãn-]ytX |
\mß-t\yh ØnXx kZm |
AXn hÀ®m-{iao tbmKo Ah-cpsS {]]©w kz´w Cã-a-\p-k-cn-¨pÅ sskzc-
hn-lm-c-am-Wv. Ah-cn \á-cmtbm hkv{X-bp-à-cmtbm
Ah-[qXx k IYytX || ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p. AhÀ¡v [À½m-[À½-§tfm ta[ym-ta-[y-
Ahn-\ m-i nXzw sIm­pw htc-W yXzw sIm­pw §tfm CÃ. AhÀ a\km Aiz-ta[w sNbvX-h-cm-W.v AXp-
kmwkvIm-cnI _Ô-\¯ - n \n¶pw hnap-à-\mbh\pw Xs¶ Ah-cpsS alm-bÚ - hpw almtbm-Khpw Ah-cpsS
XXz-akn XpS-§nb alm-hm-Iy-§-fpsS e£ymÀ° cq]-am- Ncn-{X-saÃmw BÝ-cy-I-c-am-Wv. tkzÑm-\p-kr-X-amb Ah-
bn-«p-Å-h\
- p-amWv Ah-[p-X-³. hÀ®m-{ia [À½-§-sfÃmw cpsS Cu {]hr-¯n-IÄ \nµn-¡-cp-Xv.
ssIhn«v Bßm-hn Xs¶ ØnXn sN¿p¶ hÀ®m-{i-a-c- Fs´-¶m CXp Xs¶-bm-Wv Ah-cpsS alm-{hXw
ln-X-\mb tbmKn-bmWv Ah-[q-X³. AhÀ ZrV-sc-t¸mse ]m]]pWy-§-fn en]vX-a-Ã.
4. Xky {]nbw incx IrXzm | 9. bYm chnx kÀh-c-km³ {]`pMvtà |
tamtZm Z£nWm ]£Ix | - m]n ln kÀh-`£x |
lpXm-i-\Ý
{]tamZ D¯cx ]£x | XssYh tbmKo hnj-bm³ {]`p-Mntà |
B\tµm tKmjv] ZmbtX || \ en]ytX ]pWy-]m-ss]Ý ip²x

N P
 387

I 10. B]q-cy-am-W-a-Nex {]XnjvTw | tem-I-¯n-sâbpw Bßm-hm-W,v kÀh-tem-I-a-b\ K

- m-Wv. B
kap-{Z-am]x {]hn-i´n kÀth | ØnXn¡v Rms\-´n\v IÀ½w sN¿p¶p? CXn A[n-Im-
cn-I-fm-b-hÀ thW-sa-¦n {]h-N-\tam thZm-[y-b-\tam \S-
XZy-XvIm-ambw {]hn-i´n kÀth |
¯n-s¡m- Å-s«.
k im´n-am-]vt\mXn \ Ima-Imao |
16. tb f {Xm[m-Im-cntWm ta Xp |
kqcy³ kÀh-c-k-§fpw {Kln-¡p-¶Xp t]msebpw
\m[n-I mtcm f {Inb-XzXx |
Aán kÀhXpw `£n- ¡p-¶Xp t]msebpw tbmKn-hn-j-b-
t`m-àm-hm-sW-¦nepw ip²-\m-I-bm ]m]-]p-Wy-§-fm \n{Zm-`nt£ kv\m\ iutN |
en]vX-\m-Ip-¶n-Ã. F§pw \nd-ªp AN-e-Øn-Xn-If - pÅ t\Ñman \ Itcman N ||
kap-{Z-¯n Pew {]th-in-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse tbmKn-bnÂ
17. {Zãm-c-tÝXv Iev]-b´p |
kÀh-hn-j-b-kp-J-§fpw {]th-in-¡p-¶p. F¦nepw Ah³
AN-©-e\ - m-Wv. AXn-\m AhÀ im´n {]m]n-¡p-¶p. F Inw ta kymZ\y Iev]-\mXv |
¶m hnj-bm-k-à-cmb Iman-IÄ B iàn t\Sp-¶n-Ã. KpWvPm-]p-RvPmZn ZtlyX |
11. \ \ntcmt[m \ tNmXv]¯nx | \m\ym tcm]nX hÓn\m
\ _t²m \ N km[Ix | \m\ym-tcm-]nX kwkm-cþ
\ apap-£pÀ \ ssh apàx | [À½m ss\h-alw `tP ||
CtXyjm ]c-amÀ°Xx || 18. irWz-´z-Úm-XX- -XzmkvtX |
12. sFln-Im-ap-jvanI {hmX | Pm\³ IkvamXv irtWm-arlw |
knss²y aptàÝ kn²tb | a\y´mw kwi-bm-]¶m |
_lp-IrXyw ]pcm kymt· | \ at\y f la-kw-ibx
XXv kÀh-a-[p\m IrXw || 19. hn]-cykvtXm \nZn-[ymtk |
13. XtZh IrX-Ir-XyXzw | Inw [ym\-a-hn-]-cytb |
{]Xn-tbm-Kn-]p-c-Êcw | tZlm-ß-Xz-hn-]-cymkw |
ZpxJnt\m f Úx kwk-c´p | \ IZm-NnXv `Pm-arlw |
Imaw ]p{Xm-Zy-t]-£bm || 20. Alw a\pjy CXymZn |
14. ]cam\-µ-]qÀt®mlw | hyh-lmtcm hn\m-]yapw |
kwk-cman Inan-Ñbm | hn]-cymk Nncm`ykvXþ
A\p-Xn-jvT´p IÀ½mWn | hmk-\mtXm f hI-e v]tX
]c-tem-I-bnbm khx || A[n-Im-c-ap-Å-hÀ {]-h-N\w \S-¯p-Itbm thZw ]Tn-
¸n-¡p-Itbm sNbvXpsImÅ-s«. {Inbm-c-ln-X -\m-Ib - mÂ
15. kÀh-tem-Im-ß Iw Ikvam
F\n¡v AXn-\ -[ n-I m-c -an-Ã. Rm³ \n{Ztbm `n£tbm
Z\p XnjvTman Inw IYw | kv\m\tam iuNtam B{K-ln-¡p- ¶n-Ã. ImgvN-¡mÀ aäp hn[-
hymh-£Xmw tX ikv{XmWn ¯n Nn´n¨psImÅ-s«. F\n¡v aäp {]Im-c-¯n Nn´n-
thZm-\-[ym-] -b´p hm ¨n-s«´p Imcyw? aäp-Å-hÀ a©m- Sn-¡p- cp-hn Aán Btcm-
]n-t¨m-s«. AXp-sIm­v a©m-Sn-¡pcp I¯p-I-bn-Ã. Fsâ
BÀ¡pw ebtam Dev]-¯ntbm CÃ. Bcpw _²\pw DÅn {]m]-©n-I- IÀ½-§-fpsS Btcm-]-an-Ã. XXzw {Kln-
km[-I\ - p-a-Ã. apap-£p-hp-an-Ã, apà-\p-an-Ã, Cl-]-c-temI ¡m-¯-hÀ tI«psImÅ-s«. Rm³ XXzw {Kln¨p Ign-ªp.
IÀ½-kn-²n¡v A{]-Imcw apàn-e-`n-¡m³ ap¼v hf-sc- kwi- bm-ep-¡Ä a\\w sN¿-s«. hn]-co-X-]-cn-K-W\ DÅ-
sbms¡ sNt¿-­-Xp-­m-bn-cp-¶p. Ct¸mÄ AsXÃmw hÀ thW-sa-¦n \nZn[ymkw sNbvXp-sIm-Å- s«. F¶mÂ
]qÀ¯n- bm-bn. A¶v Hmtcm tbmK-s¯bpw apJy-ambn A\p- hn]-cymkw CÃm-¯n-S¯v [ym\-¯nsâ Bh-iy-sa´v?
k-Ôm\w sNbvXv Ah-[q-X³ AXn kwXr-]X v \pw IrX- tZls¯ Bßm- sh¶p am\n- ¡p¶ hn]- cymkw F\n¡v CÃ.
Ir-Xy-\p-am-Ip-¶p. AÚm-\n-IÄ ]p{Xm-Zn-IÄ¡p th­n AXn-\m F\n¡v \nZn-[ym-k-¯nsâ Bh-iy-hp-an- Ã. Rm³
ZpxJ¯n IpSp-§p-¶p. F¶m Rm³ ]c-am-\-µ-]qÀ®- a\p-jy-\mWv F¶ Nn´m-K-Xnbpw hn]-cymkw IqSmsX
\m-W.v ]c- tem- I-{]m-]vXn-bn B{K-l-ap- Å-hÀ thW-sa- ¦n D­m-Ip-¶n-Ã. Cu hn]-cym-khpw ZoÀL-Im-em-`ym-k-¯mÂ
B B{K-l-§Ä¡v {]hÀ¯n-¡-s«. ]t£, Rm³ kÀh- hmk\ sIm­mWv kw`-hn-¡p-¶-Xv.

N P
 388

I 21. Bc_v[ IÀ½Wn £otW | 28. hnjvWpw [ymbXp [ocyZzm | K

hyh-lmtcm \nhÀ¯tX | {_Òm-\tµ hneo-bXmw ||
IÀ½-£tb Xzku ss\h | 29. IrX-Ir-Xy-Xbm Xr]vXmx |
imtay-²ym\ kl-{kXx | {]m]vX-{]m-]y-Xbm ]p\x |
22. hnc-fXzw hyh-lrtX | Xr]y-t¶hw kza-\km |
cnãw tN²ym\ akvXp tX | a\ytX f ku \nc-´cw ||
_mly-IÀ½-hy-h -l rXnw AYhm Rm³ IrX-Ir-Xy-\m-sW-¦nepw temIm-\p-{K-l-
]iy³ [ymbm-arlw IpXx ¯n\v imkvt{Xm-à-hn-[n-b-\p-k-cn¨v \S-¡p-s¶- ¦n F\n-
s¡-´mWv lm\n? tZh-]qPmkv\m\w, iuNw, `n£ F¶n-
23. hnt£t]m \mknX bkvamt·
hbn icocw hym]-cn-¡-s«. hm¡v HmwImcw P]n-¡-s«.
\ kam[n kvXtXm aa I D]-\n-j-¯p-¡Ä ]Tn-¡-s«. _p²n hnjvWp[ym\-\n-c-X-am-
hnt£t]m hm kam-[nÀhm | I-s«. AsÃ- ¦ n {_Òm-\-µ -¯ n ebn-¡ -s «. Rm³
a\kx kymZzn-Im-cnWx | tIhew km£n am{Xw. Cu Imcy-§-sfm-¶pw Rm³ sN¿p-
¶n-Ã. sN¿n-¡ p-¶ p-an-Ã. IrX-Ir-Xy-\m-s W-¶ -Xn Rm³
\nXym-\ p-` -h-cq-]ky tIm
Xr]vX -\ mWv. {]m]n-t¡-­ Xv Rm³ {]m]n¨p Ign-ª p.
ta f {Xm\p-`hx ]rYnIv || AXp-sIm­v Rm³ Xr]vX- \m-Ip-¶p. C§s\ Rm³ Nn´n-
24. IrXw IrXy {]m]-Wobw | ¡p- ¶ p.
{]m]vXn-an-tXyh \nXyix | 30. [t\ym f lw [t\ym f lw |
hyh-lmtcm euIntIm hm | \nXyw kzmßm\ aRvPkm thZvan |
imkv{Xotbm hm f \yYm]n hm | [t\ym f lw [t\ym f lw |
25. aam-I À¯p-c -te-] ky {_Òm-\tµm hn`mXn ta kv]ãw ||
bYm-c_v[w {]hÀ¯tX || 31. [t\ym f lw [t\ym f lw |
{_m_v[-§-fmb IÀ½- §Ä¡v £bw kw`-hn-¨mte ZpxJw kmwkm-cnIw \ hnt£y f Zy |
Cu hyh-lmcw Ah-km-\n-¡p-I-bp-Åq. B \ne-b n [t\ym f lw [t\ym f lw |
{]mc_v[ IÀ½w Ah-km-\n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶n- S-t¯mfw F{X-
tbsd [ym\w sNbvXmepw Cu hyh-lmcw ian- ¡p-I-bn-Ã. kzky-Úm\w ]em-bnXw Izm]n ||
hyh-lmcw Ipd-bW - -sa-¶p-s­-¦n [ym\n¨p sImÅq. 32. [t\ym f lw [t\ym f lw |
F¶m Fsâ Zrãn-bn hyh-lm-cta CÃ. B \ne-bnÂ
Rm³ F´n\v [ym\n-¡Ww? F\n¡v hnt£-]-an-Ã. kam-
IÀ¯hyw ta \ hnZytX In©nXv |
[n-bn-en-cn-t¡­ Bh-iy-hp-an-Ã. a\Êv hnIm-c-bp-àhpw [t\ym f lw [t\ym f lw |
hnt£- ]-bp-à-hp-am-Wv. At¸m-gmWv kam[n th­-Xv. Rm³ {]m]vXhyw kÀh{X kw]¶w ||
\nXym-\p-`-h-cq-]-\mWv F\n¡v kam[n sIm­v F´-\p-`hw
D­mIpw? Rm³ sNt¿-­Xv sNbvXp Ign-ªp. t\Sm-\p- 33. [t\ym f lw [t\ym f lw |
ÅXv t\Sn. AXn- \m F\n¡v euIn- I-amtbm AÃm-sXtbm [t\ym [\yx ]p\À]p-\À[\yx |
Hcp hyh-lm-chpw A\p- jT v n-t¡-­- Xm-bn-«n-Ã. Rm³ IÀ¯m-
[t\ym f lw [t\ym f lw |
h-Ã. tIhew {]mc_v[ IÀ½m-\p-kr- X-amb {]hÀ¯-\-§Ä
\S¡-s«. Xr]vXnÀta tIm]mam `th-tÃmtI
26. AYhm IrX-Ir-tXym]n | 34. Atlm ]pWy-atlm ]pWyw |
temIm-\p-{Kl Imaybm | ^enXw ^enXw ZrVw |
imkv{Xn-tb-ssWh amÀt¤W | Aky ]pWyky k¼t¯x |
hÀt¯lw aa Im £Xnx || Atlm hb atlm hbw ||
27. tZhmÀ¨-\-kv\m\ iuN 35. Atlm Úm\-atlm Úm\þ
-`n-£mZu hÀ¯Xmw h]px | atlm kpJ-atlm kpJw |
Xmcw P]Xp hmIv XZzXv | Atlm imkv{X-atlm |
]T-Xzm-av\mb akvXIw || imkv{X-atlm Kpcp-ctlm Kpcpx ||
N P
 389
I 36. CXn b CZ a[otXtkm f ]n IrX-I rtXym
`h-Xn. kpcm-]m-\mXv ]qtXm _h-Xn. kzÀ®-kvtX-
bmXv ]qtXm `h-X n. {_Ò-l-XymXv ]qtXm-`-h-Xn.
IrXym-Ir-XymXv ]qtXm `h-Xn. Ghw hnZn-Xzm-tkz-
Ñm-Nm-c-]tcm `qbmtZmw kXy-an-Xyp-]-\n-j-Xv.
Rm³ [\y-\mWv, Rm³ [\y-\m-Wv. F´psIms­-
¶m Rm³ {]bmkw IqSmsX Bßm-hns\ Adn-bp-¶p.
Rm³ [\y- \m-Wv, [\y-\m- W.v ImcWw F¶n {_Òm-\µw
{]Im-in- ¡p-¶p. Rm³ [\y- [-\y-\mWv F´p-sIm-s­- ¶mÂ
Rm³ Ct¸mÄ kmwkm-cnI ZpxJa-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶n-Ã. Rm³
[\y-[-\y-\m-Wv. ImcWw Fsâ AÚm\w \ã-am-bn-cn-¡p-
¶p. Rm³ [\y-[-\y-\m-W.v ImcWw F\n¡v sNt¿-­-Xm-
bn- s«m¶pw Xs¶- bn- Ã. Rm³ [\y- [- \y- \m-Wv. ImcWw Rm³
1 Btßm-]-\n-j¯v
im´n-]mTw
Hmw. `{Zw IÀt®`nx irWp-bma tZhmx `{Zw
]tiy-am-£ -`nÀb-P {Xmx Ønssc-cw-ssKkvX pjvSp
hmw- k - k v X - \ q- ` nÀ hytia tZh- l nXw bZmbpx
kzkvXn \ Ct{µm hr²izmx hm kzkvXn \x]qjm
hniz-tZhmx kzkvXn \ kvXmÀt£y Acn-jvS-t\anx
kzkvXn t\m _rl-kv]-XnÀ Z[m-Xp. Hmw im´nx
im´nx im´nx
tZh-·m-sc, R§-fpsS IÀ®-§Ä awKfw {ihn-¡p-
am-dm-I-s«. I®p-I-fm awKfw ImWp-am-dm-I-s«. Btcm-K-
Zr-V-i-co-c-cmbn R§Ä \n§sf kvXpXn-¡m-\n-S-h-cp-Ibpw
tZh·mÀ R§Ä¡v \ÂIn-bn-«p-Ån-S-t¯mfw BbpÊv awK-
f-ambn ]cn-Wa - n-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-am-dm-Is« alm-IoÀ¯n-
am-\mb C{µ³ R§Ä¡v awK-fa - c- p-ft- W. hniz-th-¯m-
hmbm ]qjmhv R§Ä¡v awK-f-a-cp-ftW. A{]-Xn-tcm-[y-K-
Xn- bmb Kcp-U³ R§Ä¡v awKfw \ÂI-tW. _rl-kzXn
R§Ä¡v awKfw \ÂI-tW. Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx
N P
ChnsS k¼m-Zn-t¡-­Xv k¼m-Zn¨p. Rm³ [\y-[-\y-\m-Wv, K
Fs´- ¶m Fsâ Xr]vXn¡v temI-¯n Hcp D]-a-bn-Ã.
Rm³ [\y-[-\y-\m-Wv. AXn-]pWyw Cu ]pWy k¼¯v
ZrV-ambn ^en-¨p. R§Ä [\y-[-\y-cm-W.v Úm\w kpJw
imkv{Xw Kpcp FÃm-hcpw [\y-cm-Ip-¶p.
C{]-Imcw D]-\n-j¯v A[y-b\w sN¿p¶ hyàn
IrX- Ir-Xy-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. aZy-]m-\n-bm-sW-¦nepw ]cn-ip-²-
\m-bn-¯o-cpw. kzÀ®-tam-ãm-hm-sW-¦nepw {_Ò-l-Xy-¡m-
c-\m-sW-¦nepw ]cn-ip-²-\m-Ip-¶p. Imcy-Im-cy-§Ä sNbvX-
h-s\¦nepw hnip-²-\m-Ip-¶p. C§-s\-bpÅ Úm\w e`n-
¨-Xn-\p-tijw Bßm-\p-Iq-e -ambn {]hÀ¯n¡mw Hmw
kXyw.
Ah-[q-tXm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
3
1. lcnx Hmw. AYmw-Kncm kv{Xnhn[ ]pcp-j-kvXZ- y-
Ym-þ_
- m-lymß A´-cmßm ]c-amßm tNXn.
2. XzIv NÀ½ amwk-tcm-amw-Kp-jvTm-Kpeyx ]rjvT-hw-
i-\J- K
- p-evt^m-Zc \m^n ta{U ISyp. cp It]me
t{im{X {`qe- e mS _mlp- ] mÀiz intcm- [ - a \n
Im£oW n `h´n PmbtX {InbX CtXyj
_mlymßm
3. AYm-´-cmßm \ma ]rYn hym]-kvtX-tPm-hm-bp-
cm-Im-ti-Ñm-tZz-j-kp-JZ- pxJ Ima-taml hnI-ev]-\m-
Zn`nx kvarXn-enwK DZm-¯m\p Zm¯ {lkz-ZoÀL-
¹p-X-kvJ-en-X-KÀPn-X-kv^p-SnX apZnX \r¯KoX
hmZn{X {]f-b-hn-Prw-`n-Xm-Zn`nx t{imXm {LmXm ck-
bnXm a´m t_m²m IÀ¯m- h n- Ú m- \ m- ß m,
]pcpjx ]pcm-W-\ym-b-aowamw km [À½ imkv{Xm-
WoXn {ihW {LmWm- I ÀjW IÀ½ hnti-
jWw Itcym-tXy-tjm-´c - mßm \ma.
 390

I AwKn-cÊv F¶ ]c-am-ßm-hv, Bßmhv A´-cm-ßm- K

A]-hn-{X-hp-am-b-Xns\ ip²hpw ]hn-{X-hp-am-Ip-¶p. AXn\v
hv, ]c-am-ßm-hv, F¶o aq¶p-hn-[-¯n D­m-bn. ico-c- kmwkm-cnI _Ô-\a - n-Ã.
¯nse sXmen, NÀ½w, amwkw, apSn, AwKpjvTw, hnc-ep-
1. Bß-kwÚx inhx ip²x |
IÄ, \s«Ãv, \Jw, IW-¦mÂ, hb-dv, \m`n, aqt{X-{µnbw,
ISn {]tZiw, PwL, Igp-¯v, sNhn, ]pcn-Iw, s\än, _mlp- GI Ghm-Zzbx kZm |
]mÀizw, inc-Êv, [a-\n- IÄ, I®p-IÄ Ch-bmWv AÚsâ - bm {_Ò |
{_Ò-cq-]X
ZrjvSn- bn Bßm-hnsâ kzcq-]w. Ah Xs¶- bmWv Bßm- tIhew {]Xn-`m-ktX |
sh¶pw Ah-bpsS DÂ`-hhpw \mihpw D­m-Ip-¶-Xp-
sIm­v Bßmhpw P\-\-a-cW kz`m-h-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-
2. PKXvcq]-X-bm-t]y-XXv |
sW¶pw [cn-¡p-¶p. C§s\ A´-cm-ßmhpw ]rYzn, Pew, {_ssÒ h {]Xn `mktX |
tXPÊv, hmbp, BImiw XpS- §nb {Zhy- §fpw CÑmþtZzj- hnZym  hnZym-Zzn-t`-tZ\ |
kp- J- þZpx-JmZn KpW- §fpw Imaw, tamlw, XÀ¡w, hnXÀ¡w, `mhm-`m-hm-Zn-t`-ZXp | |
kvarXn, enwKw, DZm¯w, A\p-Zm¯w, {lkzw, ZoÀLw,
¹pXw XpS-§nb kzc-t`-Z-§fpw kvJenXw, KÀPnXw, kv^p 3. Kpcp-in-jym-Zn-t`-tZ\ |
SnXw, arZnXw, \rXyw, KoXw, hmZn{Xw XpS-§nb [z\n {_ssÒh tIh-ew-ip²w |
kzcq-]-§fpw {]f-b-hn- Prw- `- Wm-Zn-I-fm t{imXmhv {LmXmhv hnZytX XXz ZÀit\ | |
ck-bn-Xmhv t\Xmhv IÀ¯mhv hnÚm-\m-ßmhv ]pcm-W-
\ N hnZym \ NmhnZym |
]p-cp-j³ \ymbw aoamwk XpS-§nb [À½ imkv{X-§fpw
Ah-b n-s eÃmw A´-cym-a n-b mbn {ihWw {LmW\w \ PK¨ \ Nm]cw kXy-tXz\ PKZv `m\w |
BIÀjWw F¶n-hbpw IÀ½- hn-tijW-§fpw Cu A´- kwkm-cky {]hÀ¯Iw |
cm-ßmhv A\p-jvTn-¡p-¶p. Ak-Xy-tXz\ `m\w Xq |
4. AY ]c-amßm \ma bYm-£cw D]m-k-\obx k kwkm-cky \nhÀ¯Iw |
N {]mWm-bm-a -{]-X ym-l m-cm-[ m-c -W m-[ym-\ -k-a m-[n- LtSm b anXn hnÚmXpw |
tbm-Km-\p-am-\m-[ymßNn-´Iw hS-I-Wn-Imhm iymam- \nbax tIm\z-t]-£-tX. | |
I-X -WvU ptem hm _mem-{K-i-Xk - -l{k hnI-e v]-
\m`nx k e`ytX t\m]- e -`ytX \ PmbtX \ Bßmhv inhhpw ip²hpw GIhpw AZz-bhpw {_Ò-
{anbtX \ ipjyXn \ ¢nZytX \ ZlyXn \ kz-cq- ]hpw Bb-Xp- sIm­v tIhe {_Ò- kz-cq-]-¯n {]Xn-
I ¼ tX \ `nZ y tX \ O nZ y tX \ nÀ K p - W x - `m-kn-¡p-¶p. PK-{Zq-]¯
- nepw {_Òw Xs¶-bmWv {]Xn-`m-
km£o`qXx ipt²m \nc- h - b - h mßm tIhex kn-¡p-¶-X.v hnZy, Ahn-Zy, `mhw, A`mhw Cu t`Z-t¯msS
kq£vtam-\n-jvItem \nc-RvPt\m \nÀhn-Im-c x-i- {]Xn-`m-kn-¡p-¶Xpw {_Òw Xs¶. Kpcp-in-jy³ Cu t`Z-
_vZk- v]Ài-c q-] -c-kK
- -Ô-hÀPntXm \nÀhn-I evt ]m ¯n ImW-s¸-Sp-¶Xpw {_Òw Xs¶. XXz ZÀi-\-¯nÂ
\ncm- I mw£ x kÀ h- h y m]o tkm  N nt´ ym kÀh-{X {]Xn-`m-kn-¡p-¶Xv {_Ò-am-Ip- ¶p. bYmÀ°-¯nÂ
\nÀhÀWyÝ ]p\m-Xy-ip-²m-\y-]q-Xm\n \njv{Inb hnZy-bnÃm Ahn-Zy-bn-Ã. PK-¯p-anà asäm¶pw Xs¶ kXy-
kvXky kwkmtcm \mkvXo-Xn. hp-a-Ã. kXy-t¯msS PK-Zv`m\w Xs¶-bmWv CXnsâ
{]hÀ¯-I³. Ak-Xy-tXz\ {]]-©s¯ {]Xn `mkn-¸n-
]c-am-ßmhv tImSn-I-W-¡n\v Pohn-If- m Cuiz-c-cq- ¡p-¶X - v, CXnsâ \nhÀ¯-I-\m-Ip-¶p. \½psS ap¶nÂ
]-¯n Bcm-[n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xn-\m D­m-Ip-¶X - p-t]mse Ccn-¡p¶ IpSw IpS-sa-¶-dn- bp-hm³ {]tXyI \nb-a-sam¶pw
Cu ]c-am-£c ]c-am-ßmhpw {]mWm-bmaw {]Xym-lmcw B{i-bn-t¡-­-Xn-Ã-tÃm.
[mcW [ym\w kam[n tbmKw A\p-am\w Bß-hn-Nn-
6. hn\m-{]-am-W-kp-jvSpXzw |
´\w apX-em-bh aptJ\ Gähpw kq£vahpw Hcp Xe-
ap- S n- b psS Aä- ¯ nsâ Bbn- c - ¯ n- s em- ¶ n- s \- ¡ mÄ bkvan³ kXn ]ZmÀ°[o |
kq£vahpw "B ]c-{_Òw Rm\m-Ip¶p' F¶ Nn´m-K- Ab-amßm \nXy-kn²x |
Xn-bm e`n-¡p-Itbm e`n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-Itbm sN¿p-¶-Xp- {]amtW kXn `mktX | |
am-Ip-¶p. AXv Hcn-¡epw P\n-¡p-¶n-Ã, hnd-bv¡p-¶n-Ã.
s]m«p-¶n-Ã. tOZn-¡s - ¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. AXv \nÀKp-Whpw kÀh- 7. \ tZiw \m]n Imew hm |
{]-am-W-`q-Xhpw ip²-kz-cq-]hpw \nÀ½-e\pw \nc-RvP-\\pw \ip²ow hm]y-t]-£tX |
hnIm-c-lo-\\pw i_vZc - q-]-c-k-lo-\\pw Úm\-c-ln-X\pw tZh-Zt¯m  lan-tXy-XXv |
\nÀhn-I-ev]\pw BImw-£-bn-Ãm-¯-h\pw kÀh-hym-]nbpw hnÚm\w \nc-t]-£I - w. | |
ANn-´y\pw hÀ®m-\m-Xo-X-\p-am-Ip¶p AXv. Aip-²hpw
XZv {_Ò-hn-tZym]y |

N P
 391

I ky{_-Òm-l-anXn thZ\w | IpÀh-¶]n \ IpÀhm-Wþ K

`m\p-t\h PKZv kÀhw | Ýmt`màm ^e-t`ym-Ky]n | |
`mkytX bky tXPkm | - o-tcyj |
14. ico-cy-]y-ic
A\m-ßI ak-¯pÑw | ]cn-Ñnt¶m ]n kÀhKx |
Inw \p Xkyh `mkIw | Ai-cocw kZm k´þ
thZ-imkv{X ]pcm-Wm\n | anZw {_Ò-anZw IzNnXv | |
`qXm\n kI-em-\y]n | 15. {]nbm-{]ntb \ kv]piXx |
10. tb\mÀ°-h´n Xw Inw \p | kvXssYh N. ip`m-ip`x |
hnÚm-Xmcw {]Im-it- bXv | Xa-km-{K-kvX -h-Zv`m-\ mþ
£p[mw tZl-hyYmw Xyàzm | Z{Kkvt Xm ]n chnÀÖss\x
_mex {IoUXn hkvXp\n | | kz´w Bßm-hn Ft¸mgpw k´p-jvS\pw kzbw
11. XssYh hnZzm³ catX | kÀh-KX - \pw BsW¶p Nn´n¨p \nÀ[-\s - \-¦nepw k´p-
\nÀ½ta \nclw kpJo | jv S-\m-b n, \nÊ-l m-b -s\-¦ nepw _e-h m-\ mbn Blm-c-
sam¶pw Ign-¨n-sÃ-¦nepw kwXr-]vX-\mbn Ak-a-\m-sW-
Imam³ \njvIm acq-]okw |
¦nepw ka-ZÀin-bm-bn, IÀ¯m-hm-sW-¦nepw AIÀ¯m-
Nc-tXyI Ntcm ap\nx | | hmbn ^e-t`m-àm-hm-sW-¦nepw At`m-àm-hmbn ico-cn-
{]amWw IqSmsX Xs¶ ap¶n-en-cn-¡p¶ Hmtcm bm- sW-¦nepw ico- c-lo-\-\mbn ]cn-Ñn-¶- \m-sW-¦nepw kÀh-
]ZmÀ°-¯ n-sâbpw Úm\w kn²n-¡ p-¶ p-­ v. AXp hym-]n-bmbn ImW-s¸-Sp¶ {_Ò-Úm-\nsb Hcn-S¯pw
t]mse \nXy-kn-²a - mb Cu Bßmhv {]Xy-£-{]-am-W- {]nbm-{]n-b-§Ä kv]Àin-¡p-¶n-Ã. Ah³ Hcmsf {]nb-
¯n\p tij-amWv {]Xn-`m-kn-¡p-¶X - v. Hmtcm hkvXphpw s\t¶m thmsdm-cp-¯s\ A{]n-b-s\t¶m Icp-Xp-¶n-Ã.
{_Ò kzcq-]-am-b-Xn-\m {]am-Ws
- am¶pamh-iy-an-Ã. DZm- AXp-t]mse ip`m-ip`§fpw Ahs\ kv]Àin-¡p-¶n-Ã.
l-c-W¯- n\v tZh-Z-¯³ F¶ Hcp hyàn-bpsS \ma-sa-Sp- Ahsâ ZrjvSn-bn kI-eXpw Xpey-am-Wv. kqcy³ Ccp-
¡p-I. AXnsâ Úm\w \nc-t]-£-am-Wv. AXn\v tZi «n ad-sª¶p tXm¶p-sa-¦nepw ad-ªn-«n-Ã.
Imem-Zn-IÄ \nc-t]-£-am-Wv.
16. {KkvX CXyp NyptX {`m´ymþ
{_Ò- Úm- \n- bpsS ""Rm³ {_Ò- amWv'' F¶ t_m[w
hyÚmXzm hkvXpe£Ww |
Xs¶-bmWv {]Ò km£m-Xv¡m-cw. kIe PK¯pw kqcy-
\m {]Im-in-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶X - p-t]mse AJWvU {]Ò- XZz-t±-lm-Zn-_-tÔt`ym |
WvUhpw AXnsâ tXP-Êp-sIm­p Xs¶ {]Im-in-¡p-¶p. hnapàw {_Ò-hn-¯aw
AXnsâ {]Xy£ kn²n-bn asämcp {]amWw tXSp-I- 17. ]iy-´n tZln-h·- qVm |
sb-¶Xv A\m-ß-Ihpw Akm-chpw XpÑ-hp-am-Wv. thZw
ico-cm-_m-k-ZÀi\mXv |
imkv{Xw ]pcmWw hnhn[ Pohn-IÄ F¶nh Bcp aqe-
amtWm kmÀ°Iam-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv hnÚm-Xm-hmb B Aln-\nÀez-b-\o-hmbw |
{_Òs¯ GsX-¦nepw {]am-W¯ - n\v {]am-Wo-I-cn-¡m³ apà-tZl kvXpXn-jvTXn | |
km[y-amtWm? hni¸pw thZ-\bpw ad¶v _me-I³ Ifn- 18. CX-kvXX Ýmey-amt\m |
bn apgp-In-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse Úm\n aa-Xm-lo-\\pw
bXv In©nXv {]mW-hm-bp\m |
Al-¦m-c-lo-\\pw kpJnam\pambn {_Ò-¯n B\-µn-
¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. ap\n Ima-\I - -sfm-¶p-an-ÃmsX kpJ- t{kmXkm \obtX Zmcp |
t¯msS GIm-In-bmbn hnN-cn-¡p-¶p. bYm \navt\m-¶X- Ø
- ew | |
12. kzmß-ss\h kZm-XpjvSx | 19. ssZth\ \nbtX tZtlm
kzbw kÀhm-ß\m ØnXx | XYm Imtem ]¢n-]vXnjp
\nÀ[t\m ]n kZm XpjvtSm | e£ym-e£y KXnw Xyàzm |
]y klmtbm alm _ex | | bkvXn-jvtTXv tIh-em-ß\m | |

13. \nXyx Xr]vtXm ]y`p-RvPm-t\mþ 20. inh Gh kzbw km£mþ

]ykax ka-ZÀi\x | Zbw {_Ò hnZp-¯ax |

N P
 392

I Poh-t¶h kZm apàx | K

{]m]n-¨-X n-\p-tijw {_Ò-Ú m\n {_Ò-k z-cq-]-a m-bn-
IrXmÀt°m {_Ò hn¯ax | | ¯s¶ `hn-¡p-¶p. ]men ]mepw F®-bn F®bpw
Pe-¯n Pehpw tNÀ¶m Ah H¶m-bn-¯o-cp-¶-Xp-t]m-
hkvXpX a\-Ên-em-¡msX {`m´n-aqew kqcy³ Ccp-
se-bmWv Bß-Úm-\n-bmb ap\n-bp-sSbpw Bßm-hn-
«n ad-ªp-sh¶v Nn´n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. AXp-t]mse tZlmZn
sâbpw ØnXn hntZl ssIhey {]m]vXn-¡p-tijw k·m-
_Ô-§-fn \n¶pw apà-\mb {_Ò-Úm-\nsb ico-cm-
{Xhpw AJWvU hn{K-l-hp-amb {_Ò `mhs¯ {]m]n¨v
`m-k-¯m Adn-hn-Ãm¯ Bfp-IÄ tZl-t¯mSp IqSn-b-
bXn ]n¶oSv kwkmc N{I-¯n s]«v BhÀ¯ {]{In-b-
h-s\¶v a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p. ]m¼v ]Sw s]mgn-¡p-¶X - n-t\mSv
¯n s]Sp-¶n-Ã. Fs´-¶m kZm-ß-IXz hnÚm-\-
CXns\ Xmc-Xa - y-s¸-Sp-¯mw. ]m¼nsâ ]Sw ]m¼m-Ip-In-
¯m Ahsâ hnZybpw Ahn-Zybpw FÃmw \in-¡p-¶p.
b-Ã-tÃm. \Zn-bn XSn-IÄ Hgp-In-t¸m-Ip-¶-Xp-t]mse `mKy-
¯n tZlhpw Ime-¯nsâ {]hm-l¯ - n Hmtcm Zn¡n- 26. Aapjy {_Ò-`q-X-Xz-amXv |
te¡v \bn-¡s - ¸-Sp-¶p. C§-s\-bm-sW-¦nepw e£ym-e- {_mÒWx IpX DÛhx |
£y-KXn ssIhn«v tIh-em-ßm-hn Xs¶ kpØn-X\ - m-
ambm ¢n]vXu _Ô-tam£u |
bn-cn-¡p-¶-h³ {_Ò-Úm-\n-I-fn t{ijvT\pw km£mÂ
inh\pw inh-kz-cq-]-\p-am-Ip-¶p. IrXmÀ°-\mb {_Ò- \ kvXx kzmß\n hkvXpXx ||
Úm\n Poh-·p-à\pw imiz-X\ - p-am-Wv. 27. bYm cÖu \njv{In-bmbmw |
21. D]m-[n-\m-imXv {_ssÒh | kÀ¸m-`m-k-hn-\nÀ¤ au |
kZv {_Òm-t]yXn \nÀZzbw | BhrtXm kZ-kX - zm`ymw |
ssieqtjm thj kZv`mhm hàthy _Ô-tam-£tW ||
`mh-tbmÝ bYm ]pam³ || 28. \mhr-XnÀ{_Ò ImNnþ
22. XssYh {_Ò-hnXv t{ijvTx | Z[ym-`-hm-`-h\m hrXw |
kZm {_ssÒ h \m]cx | AkvXoXn {]Xytbm bÝ |
LtS \jvtS bYm thyma | bÝ \mkvXoXn hkvXp\n ||
thymssah `hXn kzbw || 29. _pt²-tch KpWm-t]Xu |
23. XssY-thm-]m[n hnetb | \ Xp \nXyky hkvXp\x |
{_ssÒh {_Ò-hnXv kzbw | AXkvXu ambbm ¢n]vXu |
£ocw £otc bYm £n]vXw | _Ô-tam£u \ Nmß\n ||
ssXew ssXte Pew Pte | 30. \njvIte \njv{Intb imt´ |
24. kwbpà taIXmw bmXn | \nc-htZy \nc-RvPt\ |
XYm-ß-\ymß hn·p\nx | AZzn-Xotb ]tc XtXz |
Ghw hntZl ssIheyw | thyma-hXv Iev]\m IpXx |
k·m-{X-Xz-a-J-WvUnXw || 31. \ \ntcmt[m \ tNmXv]¯
- nþ
25. {_Ò-`mhw {]]-ssZyj | À \ _t²m \ N km[Ix |
bXnÀ \mhÀ¯ tX ]p\x | \ apap-£pÀ\ sshapàx |
kZm-ßI- Xz hnÚm-\þ CtXy-jm, ]c-amÀ°Xm |
ZKv[m hnZymZn hjvaWx || CXyp-]-\ n-j- Xv.
Úm\n D]m[n \mi-¯m {_Ò kzcq-]\ - mbn bXn {_Ò-cq-]-am-b-Xn-\p-tijw B {_Ò-¯n\v F§-
{_Ò-lo-\-\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p. AXv \nÀen-b-am-Wv. \S³ s\-bmWv Dev]¯n? ambm \nÀ½n-X-amb _Ô-tam-£-§Ä
cwK-¯ n ]e-t h-j - ¯ nepw {]Xy- £ -s ¸-Sm-s a-¦ nepw bYmÀ°-¯n {_Ò-¯n-\n-Ã. {Inbm-ln-\-amb Ib-dnÂ
bYmÀ°-apÅ Hcp hyàn-bm-W-tÃm. AXp-t]mse {_Ò- kÀ¸-{`m´n D­m-b-Xn-\p-tijw AXv Ah-km-\n¨p Ign-
Úm-\nbpw {_Òw Xs¶-bm-Wv. IpSw DS-ªp-t]m-bm ªm ]ns¶ tIhew IbÀ am{X-sa¶ t_m[w hcp-
IpS-¯nsâ DÅn-ep-­m-bn-cp¶ BImiw BIm-ia - m-bn- ¶p. AXp-t]mse Xs¶ kZ-k-Zv`m-h¯ - m Bßm-hnÂ
¯s¶ Ah-ti-jn-¡p-¶p. AXp-t]mse D]m[n hnebw _Ô-tam- £-ap-f-hm-¡p-¶-Xpw, CÃm-Xm-Ip- ¶Xpw {_Ò-¯n\v

N P
 393
I Bhr-¯n-bn-Ã. AXv Bhr-Xhpw A\m-hr-Xh- p-am-sW¶v
tXm¶pw. ambm-P-\n-X-amb _Ô-tam-£-§Ä Bßm-hn-\n-
Ã. \njv I-fhpw \njv{In-bhpw im´hpw \nc-h-Zyhpw
\nRvP-\hpw AZzn-Xo-b-hp-amb ]c-a-X-Xz-¯n LSm-Imiw
aTm-Imiw XpS-§nb `mh-\I - Ä¡v Xpeyw hn`n-¶X Iev]n-
1 Bß-{]-t_m-t[m-]-\n¯v 3
im´n- ] mTw
Hmw hmMvta a\kn {]Xn-jvTnXm at\m ta hmNn
{]Xn-jvTn-Xa
- m-hn-cm-hoÀa G[n th[-kya BWoØx
{ipXw taam-{]-hm-koc t\\m-[o-tX\m tlmcm-{XmXv
kwZ-[man EXw hZn-jym-an. kXyw hZn-jym-an. X·m-
a-h-Xp. XZz-àm-c-a-h-Xp. A]-Xp-amw. Ah-Xp-h-àm-c-
a-hXp hàm-cw. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
Hmw. Fsâ hm¡v a\-Ên Ønc-am-bn-cn-¡tW. a\Êv
hm¡n Ønc-am-bn-cn-¡tW. tl kzbw {]Im-im-ßm-th,
A§v Fsâ ap¶n {]Xy-£-am-I-tW. hmMv a\-Êp-Is - f,
\n§Ä Fsâ thZ-Úm-\-¯n-\m-[m-c-am-Wv. AXn-\mÂ
Fsâ thZm-[y-b\- s¯ \in-¸n-¡-cp-Xv. Cu thZm-[y-b\- -
¯n Xs¶-bmWv Rm³ cmhp ]Iepw Nne-hg- n-¡p-¶Xv.
Rm³ am\-kn-I-ambpw hmNn- I-ambpw kXyw ]dbpw Fs¶
c£n-¡p-I. hàm-hns\ c£n-¡p-I. Fs¶ c£n-¡p-I.
hàm-hns\ c£n-¡p-I. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
1. Hmw {]Xy-Km-\µw {_Ò-]p-cpjw {]W-h-kz-cq]w
BImc DIm-c-a-Imc CXn {Xy£cw {]Whw XtZ
XtZm-anXn bap-àzm-ap-NytX tbmKn P·-kw-km-c_
- -
Ô-\mXv \tam Hmw \tam \mcm-b-Wmb iwJ {IK-
Zm-[ -c mb XkvamXv Hmw \tam \mcm-bWm tbXn
at{´m-]mkvtIm sshIpWvT `ph\w Kan-jyXn
{]Xy- Km- \- µ-amb {_Ò- ]p- cp- j³ AImcw DImcw aImcw
F¶o aq¶v A£-c-§-tfmSp IqSnb {]W-h-kz-cq-]-\m-Wv. 5. timI- tam-l -h n-\ nÀaptàm hnjvW p-[ ym- b ¶
AXp {]W-h-sa¶ Hm¦m-cw Xs¶-bmWv. AXp P]n-¨m koZ-Xn. ssZzXm-ssZz-X-abw `hXn artXymxk arXyp-
N P
¡m³ F§s\ Ignbpw? bYmÀ°-¯n {_Ò-¯n\v K
\ntcm-[a
- n-Ã, P·-an-Ã, AXv _²-aà km[-I-\p-aÃ
- , apap-
£p-h-Ã, apà-\p-aà F¶v D]-\n-j¯v hyà-am-¡p-¶p.
Btßm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
tbmKn kmwkvIm-cnI _Ô- \-¯n \n¶ apI- X-\mbn Xocp-
¶p. iwJ-N-{I-[m-cn-bmb \mcm-bW
- \v \a-kvImcw AXp-
sIm­v Hmw \tam \mcm-b-Wmb \ax F¶ a{´w D]m-kn-
¡p-¶-h³ sshIpWvT temIw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
2. AY bZnZw {_Ò-]pcw ]pÞ-coIw Xkvam-¯-
Un-Zm` am{Xw Zo]-hXv {]Imiw
Cu lrZ-bI- a- ew {_Ò-]p-c-am-Wv. AXv Xs¶-bmWv
hnZyp-¯n\p Xpey-amb Zo]-k-am-\-ambn {]Im-in-¨p-sIm-­n-
cn-¡p-¶-Xv.
3. {_ÒtWym tZh-Io-]p{Xm {_ÒtWym
a[p kqZ\x
{_ÒWyx ]pÞ-co-Imt£m {_ÒtWym
hnjvWp-c-NypXx
tZh-Io-]p-{X³ {_Ò-kz-cq-]-\m-Wv. a[p-kq-Z-\³ {_Ò-
kz-cq-]-\m-W.v ]pÞ-co-Im-£³ {_Ò-kz-cq-]-\m-W.v ANyp-
X-\mb hnjvWp {_Òm-ß- I\ - m-Wv.
4. kÀh-`q-X-Ø-taIw \mcm-bWw Imc-W-]p-cp-j-
a-Im-cWw ]cw-{_Ò Hmw.
kÀh-`q-Xm-´- cm- ßm-hmbn GI-\mb \mcm- b-W³ Xs¶-
bm-W v. ImcW ]pcp-j³ At±lw Imc-W -c -l n-X\pw
{_Òhpw Hmw Imc-hp-am-Ip-¶p.
am-]vt\mXn b Cl \mt\h ]iy-Xn.

I alm-hn-jvWp-hns\ [ym\n-¡p-¶-h³ timI-tam-lh - n-
\nÀ½p-à-\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p. Ah\v XfÀ¨-bp-­m-Ip-¶n- Ã.
Ah³ ssZzX-ssZzX kzcq-]\pw A`-b-kz-cq-]-\p-am-W.v Cu
{_Ò-¯n t`Zw ImWp-¶-h³ arXyp-hn\v tijhpw arXyp-
hn-s\-¯s¶ {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
6. lrXv] -ß -at[y kÀhw b ¯Xv {]Úmt\
{]Xn- j v T nXw {]Úm- t \t{Xm temIx {]Úm
{]XnjvTm {]Úm\w {_Ò
7. k GtX\ {]tÚ- \ m- ß - \ m- k v a m- t Ãm- I mXv
DXv{Iay Aap-jvan³ kzÀt¤ temtI kÀhm³Im-
am-\m-]vXzm-arXx ka-`h ZarXx ka-`h
- Xv
8. b{X tPymX-c-P{kw bkvan³ temtI f `yÀlnXw
Xkvan³ amw tZln kzam \artX temtI A£tX
ANyptX temtI A£tX Aar-XXzw NK-ÑtXymw
\ax
lrXv ]ß-a-[y-¯n ØnXn sN¿p¶ kÀh kzcq-]-
amb {_Òw Xs¶- bmWv {]Úm-\-¯n {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-bn-
cn-¡p-¶-Xv. temIw {]Ú-bm-Ip¶ t\{X-t¯mSp IqSn-b-Xm-
Wv. {]Ú-{]-XnjvT {]m]n-¡p-¶p. {_Òw {]Úm-\-kz-cq-]-
am- W.v BÚm\n DXvIr-ã-amb Úm\m-ß- I-amb Bß- kz-
cq-]-¯n Cu temI-¯n \n¶pw DXv{I-an¨v kzÀ¤-¯nÂ
kÀh-B{K-l§fpw km[n¨v Aa-c-\mbn `hn-¨p. FhnsS
\nXyhpw tPymXn-Êp-­v, GXp temI¯v FÃm `mK-¯p-
\n¶p ]qP \S-¡p¶p B Aa-c-tem-I¯v A§v F\n¡v
kzam\w {]Zm\w sN¿p-I. A\-iz-chpw A£-b-hp-amb B
temI-¯n Ah³ Kan-¡p-¶p.
c­mw JÞw
1. {]K-fnX \nP amtbm f lw \nkvXp-e-Zr-in-cq]
hkv Xp-amt{Xm f lw. AkvXa
- n-Xm-lt´m lw {]K-
fnX PK-Zoi Poh-t`tZm f lw
Rm³ ambm-ap-à-\m-Ip-¶p. \nkvXpey ZÀi\ kzcq-]-
hkvXp am{X- am-W v. Rm³ Al´ \in-¨-h-\m-I p-¶p.
Poh\pw ]c-am-ßmhpw X½n t`Zw AkvX-an-¨-h-\m-Ip-¶p.
2. {]Xy-K-`n-¶ -]tcm f lw hn[z-kvXm-ti-j-hn-[nXn
tjt[m f lw, kap-Z-kvXm-{i-antXm f lw {]hnX
kpJ ]qÀ® kwhn-tZ-hmlw
Rm³ {]Xy-Km-ßm-hn \n¶v A`n-¶-amb ]c-am-ßm-hm-
Wv. FÃm hn[n-\n-tj-[-§fpw F\n¡v CÃm-Xmbn. Rm³
B{i-a-[À½-amsI ssIhn«p Rm³ kpJ-k-¼qÀ®\pw
Úm\-kz-cq-] -\p-am-W.v
3. km£y-\-t]t£m f lw \nP-a-lnav\n kwtØm
f la-N tem f lw. APtcm f la-hytbm f lw
]£- hn-]-£m-Zn-t`-Z-hn-[p-tcmlw
N P
394
Rm³ km£nbpw \nc-t]-£- \p-am-Wv. Rm³ kza-ln-a- K
bn ØnXn sN¿p- ¶-h\pw AN-e-\p-am-Wv. Rm³ AP-c\pw
Ahy-b\pw ]£-hn-]-£mZn t`Z-an-Ãm-¯-h-\p-am-W.v
4. Ah-t _m-ss[-I-ctkm f lw tam£m-\-ssµ-I-
kn-kp-tc-hm-lw, kq£vtaml f a£tcm f lw hnK-
fnX KpW-Pmem tIh-em-ßlw
Rm³ Ah-t_m-ss[-I-c-k\pw tam£m-\-ssµ-I-km-K-
chpw kq£vahpw A£-chpw KpW-Pm-ea - p-à-amb tIh-
em-ßm-hp-am-W.v
5. \nkv s s{X-Kp- W y-] tZm f lw Ip£n- Ø m-t \-
Item II- e - t \mlw IqS- Ø - t N- X t\m f lw
\njv{In-b -[mam f la-{]-XÀtIymlw
Rm³ \nkvss{X-Kp-Wy-h-Z\pw At\I temI-§sf
Ip£n- bn-sem-Xn-¡n-b-h\pw IqS-Ø-tN-X\pw \njv{I-b-[m-
amhpw A{]-XÀIy-\p-am-W.v
6. GtIm f la-hn-Item f lw \nÀ½-e\ - nÀhm-W-
aqÀ¯n-tc-h mlw \nc-] -b thm f latPym f lw
tIhe k·m-{X-km-c-`qtXm f lw
Rm³ GI\pw Ahn-I - e \pw \nÀ½- e -\ nÀhm-W -
aqÀ¯nbpw \nIr-h-b-h´w AP\pw tIhe k·m-{X-km-c-
\p-am-W.v
7. \nc-h -[n-\n-P-t_mt[m f lw ip`-X-c-`mthm f
la-{]t`
tZym f lw hn`q-c-la
- -\-htZym f lw \nc-h[n
\nÊoa XXz-amt{Xm f lw
Rm³ \nc-h-[n-t_m[w tNÀ¶-h\pw ip`-X-c-`m-h\pw
A{]-t`-Zy\pw hn`phpw A\-h-Zy\pw At§ Aäs¯ A\-
´-X-X z-hp-am- W.v
8. thtZym f lam-K-am-ss´-cm-cm[yx kI-e-`q-h-\-
lrtZym f lw. ]c-am-\-µL
- t\m f lw ]c-am-\-ssµ-
I- Zq-a -cq-t]mlw
Rm³ thZ-§-fm Adn-b-s¸-tS-­-h\pw Bcm-[y\pw
kI-e-`p-h-\-lr-Zy\pw ]c-am-\-µ- kz-cq-]\pw ]c-am-\-ssµI
km£m-Xv¡m-c-hp-am-W.v
9. ipt²m f la-Zz-tbmlw k´-X-`mthm f lamZn
iqt\ym f lw. ian-Xm´x {XnXtbm f lw.
_pt²m-a p-tàm-l-a -Ûp-Xm-ß mlw
Rm³ ip²\pw B´-c\pw imiz-X-hn-Úm-\-k-a-c-
k\pw tim[nX ]c- X-Xz\pw t_m[m- \- ssµ-I- aqÀ¯n-bp-am-Wv.
10. iptZ[m f lam-´ tcm f lw imiz-X-hn-P-R m-
\- k - a - c - k m- ß m- l w. tim[n- X - ] - c X tXzm f lw.
t_m[m-\ -ssµ-I-aqÀ¯n-tc-hmlw
 395

I 11. hnth-I-bpàn _p²ymlw Pm\m-ay-ßm-\-a-Zzbw jy³ hnjw XyPn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse Rm\pw Bßm-hns\ K

XYm]n _Ô-tam-£mZn hyh-lmcx {]Xo-btX
hnth-I-bpàn IeÀ¶ _p²n-bm Bßmhv AssZz-
X-sa-¶-dn-bp-¶p-sh-¦nepw F\n¡v _Ôtam £mZn hyh-lm-
c-¯nsâ {]Xo-X-bp-­m-Ip-¶p.
12. \nhr-t¯m]n f {]]t©m ta kXy-hZv `mXn
kÀhZm
kÀ¸mZu cÖp-k-t¯h {_Ò-k-ss¯h
tIhew
Fsâ Zrãn-bn \n¶pw {]]©w hfsc Zqsc-bm-sW-
¦nepw AXv kXy-sa¶ t]mse tXm¶p-¶p. kÀ¸m-Zn-If
- nÂ
cÖp-J-Þ-¯nsâ k¯ DÅ- Xp-t]mse Xs¶- bmWv {]]-
©-¯nsâ AkvXn-Xzw.
13. {]]-© m-[ mc cqt]W hÀ¯tX f tXm PK-
¶ l n btY - I pj c k - k w - h y] vX m i À ¡ c m
hÀ¯tX XYm
{_Ò- k¯ am{X- amWv {]]- ©- ¯n- \m- [mcw PK¯v AÃ.
]©-kmc Icn-¼nsâ ck-¯m hym]vX- am-sW-¶- Xp- t]m-se- Ima-\-I-tfm-Sp-sam¸w \in-¨p-sIm-Å-s«. B\-µ-k-¼qÀ®-\m-
bm-W- Xv.
14. AZzb {_Ò-cq-t]W hym]vtXm f lw ssh
P-K -{Xbw
{_ÒmZn IoS ]cy´m {]mWnt\m abn
Iev]nXmx
AssZzX {_Ò-cq-]¯ - n Rm³ {Xn`p-h-\§- -fnepw
hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. {_Òw apXÂ IoSw hsc-bp-Å-sXÃmw
F¶n HXp-§p-¶p.
15. _pZv_p-ZmZn hnIm-cm-´-kvX-cmKm kmKtc bYm
Xcw-KØw {Zhw knÔp\ hmwRvO-cXn bYm XYm
hnj-bm-\µ hmRvOm ta am±q-Zm-\µ cq]Xx
kap-{Z-¯m Ipanf apX Xnc-am-eh - s- c-bpÅ cq]-
§Ä ¢]n-X-am- bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse Fsâ DÅn {_ÒmZn Øqe-tZ- l- K- X- §- fm-Wv. Rm³ Øqe-cq- ]- ¯n \n¶pw `n¶-
IoS- ]- cy- ´- apÅ FÃm Pohn-Ifpw Iev]n- X- am-Wv. kap{Zw Xcw- \m-I-bm F\n¡v Ah-bp-ambn _Ô-an-Ã.
K-¯nse Pew {Kln-¡m-¯-Xp-t]mse tIh-em-\µ kzcq-]-
\m-I-bm F\n¡v hnj-bm-\-µ-¯n Xmev]-cy-an-Ã.
16. Zmcn- {Zy-im- bYm \mkvXn kwk-]-Xn¶ ky XYm aa
{_Òm-\tµ \na-áky hnj-bmim \ XZv `thXv
[\-hm\v Zmcn-{Zy-s¯-¸-än-bpÅ Bi-¦¡v km[y-X-bn-Ãm-
¯-Xp-t]mse {_Òm-\-µ-¯n \na-á-\mb F\n¡v hn{`-
bmianÃ.
17. hnjw Zrãzm f arXw Zrãzm-hnjw XyPnXn
_p²n-am³
Bßm-\-a]n Zrãzmlm a\m-ßm\w XyPm-arlw
hnjw AarXw F¶nh ImWp- t¼mÄ _p²-am- \mb a\p-
I­n«v A\m-ßm-hns\ XyPn-¡p-¶p.
18. LS-h-`mkvtIm `m\pÀ LS-\mti \ \iyXn
tZlm-h-`m-kIx km£o tZl-\mti \ \iy-Xn.
LSw {]Im-in-¸n-¡p¶ kqcy³ LS-¯n\v \miw kw`-
hn-¨mepw \in-¡p-¶n-Ã. AXp-t]mse icocw {]Im-in-¸n-
¡p¶ km£n tZl-\miw kw`-hn-¨mepw \in-¡p-¶n-Ã.
19. \ta _tÔm \ta-ap-ànÀ \ta imkv{Xw \ta
Kpcp
ambm-am{X hnIm-k-Xzm-·m-bm-XotXm f l aZzbx
F\n¡v _Ô-\-an-Ã. tam£-hp-an-Ã. F\n¡v imkv{X-
anà Kpcp-hp- an-Ã. Fs´- ¶m CsXÃmw amb-bpsS hnImkw
am{X-am-W.v
20. {]mWm-Ýe
- ´p X²ss½ ImssaÀhm
l\yXmw a\x
B\-µ-_p²n ]qÀ×-ky-aa ZpxJw IYw `thXv
{]mW³ s]mbvs¡m-Å-s«. a\Êv kz[À½-§-tfmSpw
I-bm F\n-s¡-§s\ ZpxJap-­m-Ipw.
21. Bßm-\-a-RvPkm thZvan Izm]y-Úm\w
]em-bnXw
IÀXr-Xz-aZy ta \ãw IÀ¯hyw hm]n \
IzNnX
Bßm-h ns\ A\m- b mkw Rm\- d n-b p-¶ p. Fsâ
AÚm\w FhnsS t]msb-s¶- \n-¡-dn-ªp-IqSm. Ct¸mÄ
Fsâ IÀ¯hyw \ã-am-bn. F\n¡v IÀ¯hyw H¶p-an-Ã.
22. {_ÒWyw Ipe-tKmt{X N \ma-ku-µcy PmXbx
Øqe-tZ-l-KXm GtX ØqemXv `n¶ky ta
\ ln
{_ÒWyw Ipew tKm{Xw \maw kuµcyw PmXn Ch
23. £pXv]n-]m-km-Ôy-_m-[ncy Ima-t{Im[m Ztbm
f Jnem
enwK tZl KXm GtX lyenw-Kky \ k´n ln
£p¯v ]n]mk AÔX _m[ncyw Imaw t{Im[w F¶o
FÃm [À½- §epw enwK ico- c-¯n ØnXn- sN- ¿p- ¶
p. Rm³
enwK ico-c-a-Ãm-¯-Xp-sIm­v F¶n Ah-sbm-¶p-an-Ã.
24. PU-Xz-{]-b -tam-ZXz [À½m ImcW tZl-Km\
k´n aa \nXyky \nÀhn-Imc kzcq-]nWx
PUXzw {]nb-tam-ZXzw F¶nh ImcW ico-c-[À½-§-
fm-Wv. \nXy\pw \nÀhn-Im-c-kz-cq-]-\p-am-I-bm Cu [À½-
§Ä Fs¶ _m[n-¡n-Ã.

N P
 396
I 25. Deq-Iky bYm `m\p cÔ-Imcx {]Xo-btX
kz{]-Imti ]cm-\tµ Xtam aqVky PmbtX
aq§¡v kqcy³ AÔ-Im-c-a-b-am-bn- Im-Wp-¶-Xp-t]mse 29. Ime {Xtb bYm kÀt¸m cÖu-\mkvXn
AÚm-\n¡v kzbw {]Im-i-amb ]cam-\-µ-¯n AÚm-
\ta ImWm³ km[n-¡p-¶p-Åq.
26. NXpÀ Zrãn-\n-tcmt[ f ss{`kqtcym \mkvXoXn
a\ytX
XYm-Úm-\m-hrtXm tZlo {_Ò-\m-kvXoXn
a\ytX
\mep-`m-K-¯p-\n¶pw taL-§Ä Zrãn \ntcm-[n-¡p-
t¼mÄ kqcy-\n-söv Bfp-IÄ¡v tXm¶p-¶-Xp-t]mse
AÚm-\m-hr-X-\mb Pohn {_Òw Csöv Icp-Xp-¶p.
27. bYm-arXw hnjmZv `n¶w hnj-tZm-ssjÀ \
en]ytX
\ kv]riman PUmXv `nt¶m PU-tZm-`m-{]-
Im-iXx
AarXw hnj-¯n \n¶v `n¶-am-I-bm AXv hnj-
tZm-j-¯m `qjn-X- am-Im-¯Xp t]mse Rm³ PU-¯nÂ
\n¶pw `n¶-am-I-bm Fs¶ PU-tZmjw kv]Àin-¡p-¶n-Ã.
28. kzev]m]n Zo]-I-WnIm _lpew \mi-tb-¯ax
kzevt]m f ]n t_mt[m \n_n²w _lpfw \mi-
tb-¯ax
Zo]-¯nsâ sNdnb {]Im-i-¯n\pw \n_n-²m-Ô- Imcw
\in-¸n¡m³ Ign-bp-¶p. AXp-t]mse Aev]-amb Úm\-
1 Bß- t _mt[m- ] - \ n- j ¯v 3
im´n]mTw
Hmw hmMv ta a\kn{]XnjvTnXm at\m ta hmNn
{] X n j vT nX amh nc mh oÀ a G [ n th Z k y a
B W oØ x {i p X w ta am {] l mk o c X t\
\ mU o tX \ m tl m c m{X mX v k wZ [ man E X w
hZnjyman kXyw hZnjyman X·mahXp XZv
hàcahXp AhXpamw AhXphàmcw AhXp
hàmcw Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
N P
K
¯n\p \n_n-²m- µ- Im-c- am-Ip¶ AÚm\w \in- ¸n- ¡m³ Ign-
bp-¶p.
XYm abn
Al-¦m-cmZn tZlm´w PK-¶m-kvXy-la
- -Zzbx
{XnIm-e§
- -fnepw Ib-dn kÀ¸-an-Ãm-¯Xp-t]mse
Al- ¦mcw apXÂ taml-]-cy-´- apÅ PK-¯v. Fsâ DÅnÂ
{XnIm-e-§-fnepw CÃ.
30. Nn-{Zq-a-Xzm¶ ta PmUyw kXy-Xzm¶m
\rXw aa
B\-µ-Xzm¶ ta ZpxJa-Úm-\mZv `mXn
\nXy-h Xv
Nn{Zq-]-Xz-¯m F\n¡v PmUy-an-Ã. kXy-Xz-¯mÂ
A\r- X - a n- à . B\-µ - X z- ¯ m ZpxJan- à . AÚm\w
sIm­mWv anYybm PK¯v kXy-ambn tXm¶p-¶-Xv.
31. Bß-{]-t_m-t[m-] -\n-j-·p-l qÀ¯ ap]m
koXzm \k
]p\-cm-hÀ¯tX \ k ]p\cm hÀ¯tX CXyp-
]- \n-j Xv
Cu Bß-{]-t_m-t[m-]-\n-j¯v Aev]-t\-c-sa-¦nepw
D]m-kn-¡p¶ a\p-jy³ ho­pw {]]-©-¯n P\n-¡m-\n-S-
h-cp-¶n-Ã. ho­pw P\n-¡m-\n-S-h-cp-¶n-Ã.
Bß {]t_m-t[m-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.-
Fsâ hm¡v a\Ên Øncambncn¡s«. a\Êv
hm¡n ØncamIs«. kzbw {]Imimßmth, Fsâ
ap¼n A§v {]Xy£\mItW hmMv a\ÊpIsf,
\n§Ä c­p t]cpw Fsâ thZÚm\¯n\v B[mcamIp
¶XmWv. Fsâ thZm`ymks¯ \in¸n¡cptX. Rm³
thZm`ymk¯m Xs¶ cmhpw ]Iepw apgpInbncn¡p¶
h\m-Ip¶p. Rm³ am\knIambpw hmNnIambpw kXyw
]dbp¶p. Fs¶ c£n¡tW. hàmhns\ c£n¡tW.
 397
I Fs¶ c£n¡tW. Fs¶ c£n¡tW hàmhns\ c£n
¡tW. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
1. Hmw {]XyKm\µ {_Ò ]pcpjw {]Wh
kzcq]w AImtc DImtcm aImc CXn XyEcw
{]Whw XtZX tZmanXn bapàzm apNytX tbmKo
P· kwkmc_Ô\mXv Hmw \tam \mcmbWm
tbX n at{´ m] mk tI m s s h I p W vT `h \ w
KanjyXn
2. AY bZnZw {_Ò]pcw ]pÞcoIw Xkvam¯
[oZmZam{Xw Zo]hXv {]Imiw
3. {_ÒtWym tZhIo ]pt{Xmx |
{_ÒtWym a[p kqZ\x |
{_ÒWyx ]pÞcoImt£mx |
{_ÒtWym hnjvWp cNypXx
4. kÀh`qXØ taIw \mcmbWw ImcW
]pcpjaImcWw ]cw {_Ò Hmw
5. timItamlhn\nÀapàw hnjvWpw [ymb³
ssZzXm
ssZzXa`bw `hXn artXym k arXyp
am]v t\mXn b Cl \m t\h ]iyXn
6. KrXv ]ß at²y kÀhw b |
¯Xv {]Úmt\ {]XnjvT nXw |
{]Úm t\{X temIx |
{]Úm {]XnjvTm {]Úm\w {_Ò |
7. k GtX\ {]mÚ\mß\m AkvamtÃmImZp
Xv{Iay Aapjvan³ kzÀ¤temI kÀhm³ Imam³
B]vt Xm AarXka`hZarXx ka`hXv
8. b{X tPymXncP{kw |
bkva n³ temI `yÀ¸nXw |
Xkva n³ am tZlo kz am |
\artX temtI A£tX |
ANyptX temtI A£tX |
AarXXzw N KÑt´ym \ax
Hmtcm¶nepw {]tXyIw {]tXyIw hym]n¨n«pffXpw
B\µcq]hpw BWv {_Ò]pcpj³. AImcw DImcw
aImcwþCu aq¶v A£ct¯mSpIqSnb {]Wh kzcq]-
amWv {_Òw. Hmw F¶mWv {]Whw AXp P]n¡p¶
]£w tbmKn kmwkmcnI_Ô\§fn \n¶v apà-
\mbn¯ocp¶p. iwJ N{I KZm[mcnbmb \mcmbW\v
\akvImcw. A§s\ Hmw \tam \mcmbWmb \ax F¶
a{´¯ m D]mkn¡p¶ Bcm[I³ sshIpWv T
[ma¯nse¯p¶p.
Cu lrZb Iaew {_Ò]pcamWv. AXv an¶ept]m
sebpw {]Imiam\amIp¶p. tZhIo ]p{X³ {_ÒÚm
N P
\nIfpsS lnssXjnbmWv Iae t\{X\mb hnjvWp K
{_Ò Úm\nIfpsS lnX Nn´I\mIp¶p. Ahn\mipw
]camßmhpamb At±lw {_mÒW{]nb\mWv. kIe
`qX§fnepw \nhkn¡p¶ GIam{X\mb \mcmbW³
Xs¶bmWv ImcW]pcpj³. At±lw AtXmsSm¸w
ImcWclnX\pw ]c{_ÒhpamIp¶p. AXp t]mse
Hm¦mc cq]\pw A§s\bpff hnjvWphns\ [ym\n¡p-
¶h³ timI¯n \n¶pw taml¯n \n¶pw taml-
¯n \n¶pw apà\mbn ZpxJ clnX\mIp¶p. ssZzXhpw
AssZzXw Xs¶. AXv bYmÀ°¯n D`b cq]amIp¶p.
{_Ò¯n t`Zw ImWp¶h³ acWs¯ XpSÀ¶v acWw
{]m]n¡p¶p. lrZb Iae¯nsâ a[y¯n bmsXmcp
kÀhkzcq]amb {_Òw `hn¡p¶p. AXv Xs¶bmWv
{]Úm\¯ n {]Xnj v T nXambn«pffXv . temIw
{]mÚm\cq]amb t\{Xw tNÀ¶XmIp¶p. {]Ú
{]Xnjv T t\Snbncn¡p¶XmWv . {_Òw {]Úm\
kzcq]amWv. bYmÀ° Úm\n B DXvI rjvS Úm\
bpIvXamb Bßmhnsâ cq]¯n Cu temI¯n \n¶v
DXv { Ia n¨v DbÀ¶v k zÀ¤temI¯ nep ff k Ie
Ima\Isfbpw AXn{Ian¨v Aac\mbn¯ocp¶p. AhnsS
\nXytPymXnÊv {]Imin¡p¶p. AhnsS FÃmhn[¯n
epapff ]qP e`n¡p¶p. A§v F\n¡v Cu Aac
temI¯n Øm\w \ÂInbmepw. B Ahn\minbmb
temI¯n £c[À½clnXamb temI¯n B
A£b temI¯n A§s\bpff Úm\n sNs¶¯p
¶p. {]Yam[ymbw kam]n¨p.
ZznXobm[ymbw
1. {]KfnX\nPamtbm  lw \nkvXpe Zrin
cq]hkvXp amt{Xm  lw
AkvX anXmlt´mlw {]KfnX PKZoi
Poht`tZm  lw
2. {]XyK`n¶ ]tcm  lw hn[zmkvXmtij hn[n
\ntjt[m lw
kapZkvXm{iantImlw {]hnXX kpJ
]qÀ® kwhntZhmlw
3. km£y\ t]t£m  lw \nP |
alnav \nkwØntXmlaNtemlw |
APtcm  lahytbm lw |
]£an]£mZn t`Zhn[ptcmlw |
4. Aht_mss[Itkm  lw |
tam£\ssµ I knÔptchm  lw |
kq£vtam la£tcmlw |
anKfnX KpWPme tIhemßlw |
5. \nkvs s{XKpWy ]tZm  lw |
Ip£nØmt\I temIIet\mlw |
 398

I IqSØ tNXt\m  lw | 7. Rm³ \nch[n \nPt_m[\pw kXzam{X kzcq]\pwK

\njv{Inj [maml a{hXÀtIymlw | hn`phpw A\h\y\pw kv Xh amss{XI\pamIp¶p.

1. Fsâ ambmtamlw ian¨ncn¡p¶p. Rm³ AXpe 8. Rm³ thZhZy\pw Bcm[y\pw kIe `ph\ lrZy\pw
ZÀi\k zcq] hkv X p am{XamWv . F sâ Al´ ]cam\µ[\\pw ]cam\µkzcq]\pamWv .
\in¨ncn¡p¶p. Cuizc³ PohtemIw XpS§nb Fsâ 9. Rm³ ip²\pw A`b´ BZn iq\y\pw ianXm´x
t`Z _p²nsbÃmw \jvSs¸«ncn¡p¶p. {InbX\pw _p²\pw apà\pw AÛpXmßmhpaIp¶p.
2. Rm³ {]XyKmßmhn \n¶v A`n¶\mb ]camßm 10. Rm³ ip²\pw B´c\pw imizXhnÚm\ [\\pw
hmWv Fs¶ kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw kIehn[n \ntj[ ]cXXzw tim[\ sNbvXh\pw t_m[m\µ kzcq]\p
§fpw AkvXan¨p. Rm³ B{ia [À½§Ä hens¨ amWv.
dnªp. hnime kpJab\p Úm\ kzcq]\pamWv
11. hnthI _p²nbpàn_p²y |
Rm³.
Pm\maymßm\aZhybw |
3. Rm³ km£nbmWv F\n¡v H¶pambpw _ÔanÃ.
XYm]n_Ôtam£mZn |
kz´w alnabn Rm³ Ignbp¶p. Rm³ ANe\pw
APc\pw Aac\pw Ahyb\pamIp¶p. hyhlmcx{]XobtX |
12. \nhrt¯m ]n {]]t©mta |
4. Rm³ Aht_mss[Ick\mWv, tam£m\µ¯nsâ
kap{ZamWv Rm³ kq£vaamWv; A£camWv. KpW§Ä kXyhZv `mXn kÀhZm |
ssIhn«v tIhemßmhmWv Rm³. kÀ¸Zu cÖpkt¯h |
5. \nkvss{XKpWy]Z\mWv, Rm³ IqSØ tNX\mWv. {_Òkss¯h tIhew |
\njv{Inb [mamhpw A{]XÀIy\pamWv Rm³. 13. {]]©m[mc cqt]W |
6. GtImlahnItemlw | hÀ¯tXtXm PK¶ln |
\nÀ½e\nÀhmWaqÀ¯ntchmlw | btY£pckkwhy]v Xm |
\nchthm  ltatPm  lw | iÀ¡cmhÀ¯tX XYm |
tIhew k·m{Xkmc `qtXm lw | 14. AZzbm{_Ò cqt]W |
7. \nch[n \nPt_mt[m  lw | hym]vtXm  lw sshPK{¯bw |
ip`Xc`mthm  la{]t`tZym lw | {_ÒmZnIoS]cy´m {]mWnt\m abnIev]nXm
hn`pcla\htZym  lw | 15. _pZv _pZnhnImcm´ |
\nch[n \nxÊoa XXz amt{Xmlw | kvXcwKm kmKc bYm |
8. thtZymlamKamss´ | XcwKØw {Zhm knÔp |
cmcmt[ym  lw kIe`ph\lrtZym  lw | \hmRvOXn bYmXYm |
]cam\µ [t\m  lw | hnjbm\µ hm©cmta |
]cam\ssµI `qacqt]m  lw | hm`qZm\µ cq]Xx |
9. ipt²m  laZztbm  lw | 11. Rm³ hnhI _p²nbm Bßmhns\ AssZzXsa¶v
k´X `mthm  lamZn iqt\ymlw | a\Ênem¡p¶p.F¶n«p _Ô tam£mZn hyhlmc¯nÂ
s]Sp¶p.
ianXm´x {XnXtbm  lw |
_pt²maptàm l aZv`qXmßlw | 12. Fsâ ZrjvSnbn \n¶v {]]©w Zqc¯nemWv.
A§ns\ Ft¸mgpw AXv kXysa¶v tXm¶p¶p. hmkvX
10. ipt²mlam´tcmlw |
h¯n kÀ¸mZnIfn Ibdnsâ Akv X nXzapffXp
imizXhnÚm\ kackmßmlw | t]msebmWv {]]©¯nsâ AkvXnXzw.
tim[nX ]cXtXzm  lw |
13. {]]©¯nsâ B[mcambn hÀ¯n¡p¶Xv. {_Òk
t_m[m\ssµIaqÀ¯ntchmlw | ¯bmWv PK¯v bYmÀ°¯n CÃ. Icn¼n ]©kmc
6. Rm³ GI\pw, AhnIe\pw, \nÀ½e\nÀhmWaqÀ DS\ofw Ahyà cq]¯n hÀ¯n¡p¶Xpt]mse
¯nbpw, \ncbh\pw, AP\pw tIhe k·m{Xkmc`qX {]]©¯n {_Ò¯nsâ AkvXnXzw \ne\n¡p¶p.
\pamWv.

N P
 399

I 14. kap{Z¯n ]Xbpw \pcbpw sXm«v XcwK§Ä hscbp AXnsâ [À½§tfmSpw Ima\tImSpw IqSn AXv K
ffh Iev]nXamsW¶Xp t]mse Fsâ Dffn {_Òw \in¨psImffs«. B\µÚm\]À®\mIbm F\n¡v
sXm«v IoS§Ä hscbpffh Iev]nXam{XamIp¶p. F§s\ ZpxJap­mIm\mWv?
15. XncameIÄ Xpfffp¶ Pe¯nsâ Xmev] cyw kap- 21. Bßm\aRvPkmthZva n |
{Zw ]cnKWn¡m¯Xp t]mse tIhew B\µkzcq]\m Izm]yPvRm\w ]embnXw |
Ibm F\n¡v hnjb§fpsS B\µ¯nsâ CÑbnÃ.
IÀ¯rXzaZyta \jvSw |
16. Zmcn{ZymimbYm \mkvXn | IÀ¯hyw hm]n \ IzNnXv |
k¼¶ky bYm aa | 22. {_mÒWyw Ipe tKmt{XN |
_Òm\tµ \nalráky | \ma kuµcyPmXbx |
hnjbmim \ XZv `thZv | ØqemXv `n¶ky ta \ln |
17. hnjw ZrjvS m  arXw ZrjvS zm | 23. £pXv ]n]mkmÔy_m[nXy |
hnjw XyPXn_p²nam³ | Ima t{Im[mZtbm Jnem |
Bßm\a]n ZrjvS zml | enwKtZlKXm GtX |
a\mßm\w XyPmaylw | ly enwKky \ k´nln |
18. LS\mh`mktIm  `m\p | 24. PUXz{]nb tamZXz |
LS\mti \ \iyXn | [À½mx ImcW tZlKm \ k´n aa \nXyky
tZlm hZmkIx km£o | \nÀhnImc kzcq]nWx |
tZl\mti \ \iyXn | 25. DeqIky bYm`m\p |
19. \ta _tÔm \ ta apànÀ | cÔImcx {]XobtX |
\ ta imkv{Xw \ ta Kpcpx | kz{]Imti ]c\tµ |
ambmam{XhnImkXzm | Xtam aqVkyPmbtX |
·mbm XotXmllaZzbwx |
21. Bßmhns\ {]bmkw IqSmsX R³ Adnbp¶p.
20. {]mWmÝe´pX²ss½ | Fsâ AÚm\w FhnsS t]msbmfnt¨m?C\n F\n¡v
ImssaÀ hm l\yXmw a\x | H¶pw sNt¿­Xmbn«nÃ.
A\µ _²n]qÀ®ky | 22. {_mÒWXzw, Ipew, tKm{Xw, \maw, kuµcyw, PmXn,
aa ZpxJw IYw `thXv | CXnsâsbÃmw AkvXnXzw Øqe tZl¯nemWv. Rm³
Øqe cq]¯n \n¶pw `n¶\mWv. AXn\m F\n¡v
k¼¶\v Zmcn{Zy ZpxJ¯n\nSbnÃm¯Xp t]mse
AhtbmsSm¶pambn _ÔanÃ.
{_Òm\µ¯n aá\mb F\n¡v hnjbm`nemj¯nÂ
sImXnbp­mhm\nSbnÃ. 23. hni¸v, Zmlw, AÔXzw, _[ncXzw, Imaw, t{Im[w,
XpS§nb kakvX [À½§fnepw enwK tZl¯nemWv.
17. _p²nam\mb hyàn hnjs¯bpw AarXs¯bpw
Rm³ enwK tZl clnX\mIp¶p. F¶n Ahsbm¶pw
ImWpt¼mÄ hnjw ssIshSnªv AarXw kzoIcn¡p¶
Xs¶bnÃ.
Xpt]mse Rm\pw Bßmhns\ I­n«v A\mßmhns\
ssIshSnbpIbmWv. 24. PUX, {]nbX, B\µn¡Â XpS§nbh ImcW
tZl¯nsâ [À½§fmWv. Rm³ \nXy\pw \nÀhnImc
18. IpSw Ccn¡p¶ps­¶p ImWn¨psImSp¡p¶ kqcy³
kzcq]\pamIp¶p. AXn\m Cu [À½§Ä FtâXÃ.
B IpSw s]m«nt¸msb¶v sh¨v \in¡m¯Xpt]mse
icoc¯nsâ km£nbmb Bßmhn\v icocw \in¨p 25. aq§bv¡v kqcy³ AÔImcabambn ImWs¸Sp¶Xp
sh¶v \miw D­mIp¶nÃ. t]mse AÚm\nIÄ¡v imizXamb ]cam\µ¯nepw
AÚm\w am{Xta ImWm³ Ignbp¶pffq.
19. F\n¡v _Ô\anÃ, F\n¡v tam£anÃ, F\n¡v
imkv{ XanÃ, F\n¡v Kpcphnà ImcWw CsXÃmw 26. NXpÀZrjvSn \ntcm[m{`w |
ambbpsS hnImkw am{XamWv Rm³ ambbv¡¸pd¯v kqtcym \mkvXoXn a\ytX |
AssZzXkzcq]amIp¶p. XYm Úm\hrtXm tZlo |
20. {]mW³ t]mIps¶¦n s]mbvs ¡mffs«, a\Êv {_mÒh\mkvX oXn a\ytX |

N P
 400

I 27. bYmarXw hnjmZv `n¶w | Xn\m kqcy³ Cà F¶v P\§Ä sXän²cn¡p¶Xp K

hnjtZmssjÀ\ en]ytX | t]mse AÚm\¯m hebw sN¿s¸« Pohn {_Ò
Csöv Nn´n¡p¶p.
\ kv]riman PUmXv `nt¶m |
PUtZmjm³ {]ImiX | 27. AarXw hnj¯n \n¶v `n¶amIbm hnjb¯nsâ
tZmj¯m AXv aen\amIm¯Xp t]mse Rm³
28. kzev] m]n Zo] IWnIm |
PU¯n \n¶v hyXykvX \mWv. AXn\m PUXz
_lpew \mitb¯ax | ¯nsâ tZmjw Fs¶ kv]Àin¡pIbnÃ.
kzevt ]m]n  t_mt[m |
28. hnf¡nsâ sNdnb {]` Xs¶bpw AÔImcs¯
\n_nUw _lpfw \mitb¯ax | \in¸n¡p¶Xpt]mse sNdnb Úm\w Xs¶bpw
29. Ime{Xtb bYm kÀt¸m | KmVmÔImc cq]amb AÚm\s¯ \in¸n¡p¶p.
cÖ\ \mkvXn XYm abn | 29. Ibdn hÀ¯am\Ime¯nembmepw `qX\Ime
Al¦mcmZntZlm´w | ¯nembmepw `mhnbnembmepw kÀ¸anÃ, AXpt]mse
PK¶mkvXyl aZzbx | Xs¶ AÔImcw sXm«v tZlw hsc kwkmcw aq¶p
Ime¯nepw F¶nenÃ. Rm³ tIhew AssZzXw am{X
30. Nn{Zq]Xzm¶ta PmUyw |
amIp¶p.
kXyXzm¶m\rXw aa |
30. Rm³ ssNX\y kzcq]\mWv. AXn\m F¶nÂ
B\µXzm¶ ta ZpxJ |
PUXbnÃ. Rm³ kXykzcq]\mWv. AXn\m F¶nÂ
aÚm\mXv `mXn kXyhXv | AkXyanÃ. Rm³ B\µ cq]\mWv. AXn\m F\n¡v
31. Bß{]t_mt[m]\njXv | ZpxJanÃ. CsXms¡ AÚm\¯mepff tXm¶emWv.
aplqÀ¯ ap]mknXzm \ k | 31. Cu Bß {]t_m[ D]\nj¯v c­p \mgnIsb
]p\cmhÀ¯tX \ k | ¦nepw A[yb\w sN¿p¶ a\pjy\v c­maX `qanbnÂ
]p\cmhÀ¯tX CXyp]\njXv | ]ndt¡­nhcpIbnà F¶pffXv Adntb­ clkyamWv.

26. taL§Ä ImcWw \mephi¯pw ZrjvSn XSbs¸«- Bßt_mt[m]\njXv kam]n¨p.

1Bcp- W n- t Im- ] - \ n- j ¯v3

im´n- ] mTw ]p-ã -am-ItW. Rm³ \ncm-I -cn-¡ m-\n-S-h-cm-Xn-cn-¡ -tW.

Hmw B]y-b´p aamw-Km\n hmIv {]mW-Ý£px
t{im{X-atYm _e-an-{µn-bmWn N kÀhmWn kÀhw
{_tÒm-] -\n-jZw amlw {_Ò \ncm-Ipcymw amam
{_Ò \ncm-Itcm Z \ncm-I-c-Wa - kvXp \ncm-I-cWw
tak vX p X Zm- ß \ n \ nc tX b D ] - \ n- j Õ p
[À½mkvtX abn k´p tX abn k´p Hmw im´nx
im´nx im´nx
]c-{_-Òta, Fsâ kIe AwK-§fpw hm¡v {]mW³
t\{Xw t{im{Xw F¶n-hbpw iànbpw C{µn-b-§fpw ]cn-
N P
{_Òw Fs¶ ]c-Xy-Pn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡-s«. F\n¡pw ]c-{_-Ò-
¯n\pw X½n At`-Zy-amb _Ôw D­m-I-tW. {_Ò-\n-c-
X-\mb F¶n D]-\n-j-Zp-à-§-fmb [À½-§Ä ØnXn
sN¿-tW. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
1. Hmw BcpWnx {]Pm-]-tXÀ temIw PKma Xw
KtXzm- h mN tI\ `K- h ³ IÀa- W w- b - t i- j tXm
hnkr-P m-\ oXn Xw tlmhm-N -{]-P m-] Xn kvX ]-] p-
{Xm³ {ZmXr³ _Ôzm-Zo³ inJmw bmtÚm-]-hoXw
NbmKw N kq{Xw N kzm[ymbw N ±qÀtem-I-`q-
 401
I hÀ temI kzÀ temI-a-lÀtemI P\-temI Xt]m-
temI kXy-temIw NmXe ]mXmf hnXe krXe
c k m- X e X e m- X e al m- X e {_ Ò mÞ w N
hnkÀPtb ZÞ-am-Ñm-Z\w ssNh Iu]o\w N ]cn-
{K-tlXv tijw hnkrtPZnXn
AcpW ]p{X-\mb BcpWn {_Ò-tem-I¯ - n At±-
ls¯ I­v ]d-ªp. Rm³ F§-s\-bmWv kÀh-IÀ½-
§fpw Dt]-£n-t¡-­Xv? A¡mcyw F\n¡v ]dªp Xc-
Ww. {_Òmhv ]d-ªp. BZy-ambn ]p{X-·m-scbpw _Ôp-
¡-sfbpw aäpw Dt]-£ n-¡ -W w. AXn-\ ptijw inJ
btÚm-]h - oXw tbmKw kq{Xw kzm[ymbw Ch ssIsh-
Sn-b -Ww. ]ns¶ `qtem-Iw, `qhÀtem-Iw, kXy-tem-Iw,
alÀtem-Iw, P\-tem-Iw, Xt]m-tem-Iw, kXy-tem-Iw, AX-
ew, ]mXm-fw, hnX-ew, kpX-ew, ckm-Xe Xem-Xew alm-
Xew F¶q#o ]Xn-¶m-ep-tem-It- ¯mSp IqSnb {_Òm-
Þs¯ Dt]-£n-¡-Ww. AXm-bXv Ah-bn H¶n-s\-¸-
änbpw B{Klw tXm¶-cp-X.v ZÞw Iu]o\w icocw ad-¡p-
hm³ AXym-hiyw th­ hkv{Xw F¶n-h-am-{Xhpw ssIh-
ihpw D­m-bn-cn-¡m-hq. aäp kI-eXpw ssIsh-Sn-bW
- w.
2. KrltØm {_Ò-Nmco hm\-{]tØm hm euIn-
Im-á n-\ p-Z-c máu kam-c m-t]m-tbXv Kmb{Xow k
kzhm-Nmáu kam-tcm-]tb Zp]-hoXw `qam-h]vkp
hm hnkr-tPXv IpSo-Ntcm {_Ò-N mco IpSpw_w
hnkr-tPXv ]m{Xw hnkr-tPXv ]hn{Xw hnkr-tPXv
ZÞmwÝ eu InIm-áowÝ hnkr-tP-ZnXn tlmhmN
AX DuÀ[z-K-a\w hnkr-tP-{¯n-k-Ôym-Zb kv\m\-
am- N - t c X v k Ô n k am- [ m- h mß \ ymN - t c X v
kÀthjp thtZjp BcWy Iam-hÀ¯-tb-Zp-]-\n-
jZ amhÀ¯-tb-Zp-]-\n-j-Z-am-h À¯-tb-ZnXn.
Krl-Øm-{i-antbm {_Ò-Nm-cntbm hm\-{]-Øt\m
Bbmepw X§-fpsS btÚm-]h - o-Xs¯ `qan-bntem Pe-
¯ntem Dt]-£n- ¡-Ww. euIn-Im- án-Isf Pcm-án-bn-Â ebn-
¸n¨v Xsâ hm¡m-Ip¶ Aán-bn Kmb{Xn tNÀ¡-Ww.
B{i-a-hm-kn-bmb {_Ò-Nmcn IpSpw-_s¯ ]m{X-t¯m-
sSm¯v Dt]-£n-¡-Ww. ]hn{Xw Ifªv ZÞhpw euIn-
Im-ánbpw ssIhn- SWw ]ns¶ a{´-lo-\-s\-t¶mWw Ccp¶v
DuÀ[z-tem-I-{]m-]vXn-sb-¸-än-bpÅ Nn´bpw ssIsh-Sn-b-
Ww. {Xnk-Ôy-I-fnepw kv\m\w sN¿p-Ibpw kÔy-I-fnÂ
kam-[n-Øm-\m-hp-Ibpw thWw. FÃm thZ-§fpw D]-\n-j-
¯p-Ifpw A[y-b\w sN¿-Ww.
3. Jezlw {_Ò-kq{Xw kqN-\mXv kq{Xw {_Ò-
kq-{X-a-l-tah hnZzmw kv{XohrXv kq{Xw XytP-Zzn-
Zzm\y Ghw thZ kXykvX w abm kw\rkvX w
abm kw\rkvXw atbXn f {Xn IrXzm-`bw kÀh-
`q-tXt`ym a¯x kÀhw {]hÀ¯tX kJm amtKm-
] m- b - \ Px k J mtbm f k o{µ k y ht{Pm f
knhmÀ{XLv\w iÀ½ ta `h-bXv ]m]w X¶n-hm-c-
tbXn At\\ at{´-W -IrXw sshWhw ZÞw
N P
Iu]o\w ]cn-{Ktl Huj[ hZ-i-\-am-N-tc-Zuj Zh K
ZÀi-\-am-N -tcXv {_Ò-N-cy-a-l nwkm Nm]cn {Klw
N kXyw N bXvt\\ tl c£tXm tl c£tXm
tl c£X CXn.
]ns¶ {_Ò-kq{Xw Rm³ Xs¶-bmWv F¶ \nÝ-b-
ZmÀVy-t¯msS btÚm-]-hoXw Dt]-£n-¡-Ww. C§s\
sNbvXv Rm³ k\ymkw kzoI-cn-¨p. Rm³ k\ymkw
kzoI-cn-¨p. Rm³ k\ymkw kzoI-cn-¨p. F¶v aq¶p XhW
]d-bW- w. A`bw kÀh-`q-tXt`ymx F¶ a{´-¯m A`n-
a-{´n-X -amb apf-h -S nbpw Iu]o-\ hpw kzoI-c n-¡ -W w.
Huj[w F¶ t]mse In«p-¶-X-am{Xw `£n¨v kwXr-]vX-
\m-IW
- w. tl BcpWo k\ymkn Bb-Xn-\p-tijw {_Ò-
Ncyw Alnwk A]-cn-Krlw kXyw F¶nh ]cn-]m-en-¡-
Ww. {]bm-k-s¸«pw Ah ]peÀ¯-Ww.
4. AYmX ]c-a-lw-k-]-cn-{hm-P-Im-\m- am-k-\-i-b -\m-
ZnIw `qau {_Ò-Nm-cnWmw arXv]m{Xw hm f em_p-
]m{Xw Zmcp-]m{Xw hm Ima-t{Im[ lÀj-tcm-j-tem-
`-taml ZwZw ZÀ¸m-kqbm aa-Xymlw Imcm-Zo-\]n
XrtPXv hÀjmkp {[ph-iotem f ãu amkm-t\-
ImIo bXn-Ý-tXXv Zzmthh hm NtcXv Zzm thhhm
Ntc-Z nXn.
]c-a-lw-k-]-cn-{h-P-I-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶-Xn\p tijw InS-¡p-
¶Xpw Ccn-¡p-¶Xpw \ne- ¯m-bn-cn-¡-Ww. {_Ò-Ncyw ]men-
¡-Ww. a¬]m-{Xtam Npc-¡m- t¯mtSm ac-¸m-{Xtam kq£n-
¡mw. Imaw t{Im[w tcmjw tem`w tamlw ZwZw ZÀ¸w ]c-
\nµ C¨-a-aX Al-¦mcw lÀjw F¶nh ]qÀ®-ambpw ]cn-
Xy-Pn-¡-Ww. hÀj-Im-e¯v Hcn-S¯p Xs¶ Xma-kn-¡mw.
k©-cn-t¡-­. F«p-amkw GIm-In-bmtbm Hcm-fpsS klm-
b-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sntbm k©-cn-¡-Ip.
5. Jep thZmÀ°w tbm hnZzm³ tkm]m-\ b
\m±qÀ[z-ta-Xm\n {]mKzm-Xy-tPXv ]nXcw ]p{X-a-áyp-
]- h oXw IÀ½ If{Xw N m\ y- Z - h o- l - b - X tbm
`n£mÀ°w {Kmaw {]hn-iXn ]mWn-]m-{X-ap-Z-c-]m{Xw
hm Hmw ln Hmw ln tXyX-Zp-]-\n-jZw hn\y-tkXv
Jtez-X-Z p-]-\ n-jZw hnZzm³ b Ghw thZ-X -Zzn-j -
AtWm ]c-aw-]-Zw-kZm ]iy´n kqcbx ZnZo-]-N-
£p-cm-XXw XZzn {]mtkm hn]-Xythm PmKp-hmwk
kan-Ô tX hnjvtWmÀcyXv ]caw ]Z-anXn Ghw
\nÀhm-W-\p-im-k\w thZm-\p-im-k\w thZm-\p-im-
k-\ -a nXn.
Cu hn[w Adn-bp-¶-h³ D]-\-b\ - -kw-kvIm-c-¯n\p
apt¼m ]nt¼m amXm-]n-Xm-¡-sfbpw ]p{X- I-f-{Xm-Zn-I-sfbpw
D]-hoXw Aán F¶n-h-sbbpw kI-eI - À½-§-sfbpw ]cn-
Xy-Pn-¡-Ww. ssIIÄ `n£m ]m{X-am¡n `£n-¡q. {Kma-
¯n t]mbn Hmw ln Hmw ln Hmw ln F¶v aq¶p {]mhiyw
D¨-cn-¡-Ww. Cu D]-\n-j¯v Adnªv sIm­v AXnÂ
BØ-bpÅ hyàn Úm\n-sb¶v ]d-bs - ¸-Sp-¶p. ¹miv
 402
I Iqhfw F¶n-h-bpsS Zav[w tXmev taJe ]qWq F¶n-
h- sbbpw Dt]-£n¨v AXn- s\-¸än ]qÀ®-amb Úm\w t\Sp-
¶-XmWv D¯-a³. `K-hm³ hnjvWp-hnsâ ]c-a-[maw BIm-
i-¯n {]Im-in¨p sIm­n-cn-¡p¶ kqcy-s\-t¸mse Nn·-
bsâ {]Im-i-¯m ]c-a-thym-a-¯n hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p¶
Úm\n-bmb D]m-k-I³ kZm B ]c-a-[m-as¯ ZÀkn-¡p-
¶p. Ima-\m-c-ln- X- cmb D]m- k- I- ·mÀ km[-\-bn Xs¶ apgp-
1 EtKzZob kc- k zXyp- ] - \ n- j ¯v 3
im´n]mTw
Hmw hmMv ta a\kn {]XnjvTnXm at\m ta
hmNn {]XnjvTnXamhncm hoÀta G[n thZky a
BWnØ kwZ[maypXw hZnjyman kXyw
hZnjyman X·mahXp XZzàmchXp AhXpama
hXphàmcahXp hàmcw
Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
(Hmw Fsâ hm¡v a\Ên Øncambncn¡tW.
a\Êv hm¡n Øncambncn¡tW. tl kzbw {]Imim
ßmthm A§v Fsâ ap¶n {]Xy£amItW. hmMva\
ÊpIsf, \n§Ä Fsâ thZÚm\¯n\m[mcamWv.
AXn\m Fsâ thZm[yb\s¯ \in¸n¡cptX. Cu
thZm[ymb\¯n Xs¶bmWv Rm³ cmhpw ]Iepw
Nnehgn¡p¶Xv Rm³ am\knIambpw hmNnIambpw
kXyw ]dbpw. Fs¶ c£n¡tW. hIvXmhns\ c£n
¡tW. Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx
lcn Hmw. Hcp L«¯n EjnIÄ `Khm³ Btizm
embs\ hn[n]qÀhw ]qPn¨v tNmZn¨px"" `Khmt\,
bmsXm¶p sIm­v "XXv' F¶ ]Z¯nsâ AÀ°`qXamb
]camßmhnsâ t_m[w D­mIpw? B PvR m\w GXp
D]mb¯m {]m]n¡m³ Ignbpw? GXp tZhXsb
D]mkn¨v At§bv ¡ v XXzÚm\ap­mbn? Imcyw
F\n¡v ]dªp XctW.'' `Khm³ BizembW³
]dªp..."" ap\nhc·msc, _oPa{´w tNÀ¯v ]¯v
EXp¡tfmSpIqSn kckzXo Zitbm Io alma{´¯mÂ
kvX pXnbpw P]hpw \S¯nbn«mWv F\n¡v ]cmkn²n
e`n¨Xv.'' EjnIÄ tNmZn¨p. "" D¯a{hX[mcnbmb apt\,
F´p{hXw A\pjv Tn¨mWv, GXp {]Imc¯nepff
N P
In-b-Xn-\p-tijw AhnsS F¯n-t¨-cp-¶p. AhÀ AhnsS
K
IqSp-XÂ tXtPm-a-b-am-¡p-¶p. Ima-\m-lo-\c
- mb D]m-k-I-
·mÀ¡p am{Xta B ]c-a-[maw e`n-¡p-Ib - p-Åq. CX-dn-bp-
¶-h³ ap¼n kqNn-¸n¨ ^ew A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p. CXmWv
thZm- \p-im-k- \w.
Bcp-Wn-tIm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
[ym\¯memWv At§bv ¡v kmckzXa{´w e`n¨Xv?
F´p sNbvXm `KhXn alm kckzXn {]k¶bmIpw?
B D]mbw Ft¶mSv ]dªpXctW'' At¸mÄ Bizmem
b\ ap\n ]dªp.
Aky {iokckzXo ZitÇmIoalma{´ky
Alamiz emb\ Ejnx A\pjvSphv Oµx {io
hmKoizco tZhXm tZhoXn IoeIw hn\ntbmK
kvXXv {]oXyÀt° {i²m ta[m {]PvRm [mcWw
h mK v t Zh X, al m kc kzXo ta[m {]Ú m
[mcWw hmKv t ZhX, alm kckzXot\yssX-
cwK\ymkx
(Cu kckzXo ZitÇmIo alm a{´¯nsâ Ejn
Bizmeb\\mb Rm³ Xs¶. OµÊv A\pjvS hv. {io
hmKoizco tZhX. ""bZzmKv'' F¶Xv _oPw ""tZhow hmNw''
F¶Xv iàn. ""{]tWm tZhn F¶Xv IoeIw. ]mKoizco
tZhXsb {]oXns¸Sp¯p¶Xn\v hn\ntbmKw. {i², ta[,
{]Ú, [mcW, hmKvtZhX, almkckzXnþCu \ama-
a{´§fm AwK\ymkw sN¿Ww. F§s\sb¶mÂ
Hmw {i²mssb \tam lrZbmb \ax Hmw
ta[mssb \ax inctk kzmlm Hmw {]Úmssb
\ax inJmssb hjSv Hmw [mcWmssb \ax
IhNmsb lpw Hmw hmKv t ZhXmssb \tam
t\{X{Xbmb hujSv Hmw almkckzssXy \ax
A{Xmb^Sv.
[ym\w
\olmclmcL\kmckp[mIcm`mw
IeymWZmw I\IN¼I `mhZqjmw
 403
I D¯pwK]o\ IpNIpw` at\mlcmwKow
hmWow \aman a\km hNkm hn`pssXy.
(lnaw apàm lmcw IÀ¸qcw AXpt]mse N{µsâ
B`bvs¡m¯ ip{`Im´n Ch tNÀ¶ hPw IeymWZm
bn\nbpw kphÀ® kZriyhpw, hoXhpamb sN¼I
]pjv]§fpsS amemb tim`nXbpw DbÀ¶ IpNIpw`
§fm at\mlcamb AwKw tNÀ¶hfpamb kckzXo
tZhnsb Rm³ hn`qXn¡mbn a\ÊpsIm­pw hNÊp
sIm­pw \akvIcn¡p¶p.)
1. Hmw {]tWm tZhoþ Cu a{´¯nsâ Ejn
`cZzmP³; OµÊv Kmb{Xn, tZhX kckzXn. Hmw
\ax CXv _oPw iàn IneIw Ch aq¶pw
CjvSkn²n¡mWv CXnsâ hn\ntbmKw a{´¯mÂ
AwK\ymkw sN¿pI. bYmÀ°¯n thZm´
imkv{X ¯nsâ A Àkp ZqXh mb {_Ò XX zw
Xs¶ kzcq]ambn«pffhfpw ]e{]Imc¯nep-
apff \macq]§fm {]ikvXXbpamb kckzXo
tZhn Fs¶ c£n¡s«.
Hmw {]tWm tZho kckzXo hmtP`nÀhmPn\n
hXo [o\mahn{XhXp
(Hmw. Zm\¯m tim`hln¡p¶hfpw A¶¯mÂ
k¼¶bpw kvXpXn¡p¶ D]mkI·msc c£n¡p¶h
fpamb kckzXotZhn R§sf A¶¯m kpc£nXcm
¡tW. (R§Ä¡v kar²bmbn A¶w XcpamdmItW.)
2. ""B t\m Znh..........'' Cu a{´¯nsâ Ejn
A{XnbmWv: NmµÊv {XnjvSphv; tZhXkckzXo:
{lo F¶v _oPw iàn IoeIw A`ojvS{]tbmP\
¯nsâ kn²nbmWv hn\ntbmKw. Cu a{´w sIm­v
AwK\ymkw sN¿Ww.
2. {low B t\m Znthm l _rlX. ]ÀhXmZm
kckzXo bPXm K´p bÚw
lhw tZho PqPpjmWm LrXmNo
iÜmw t\m ]mNapiXo irtWmXp
{lowþ R§fm bjvShybmb kckzXo tZho
{]Imiabamb {ZyptemI¯n \n¶v Xmsgsb¯n.
al¯pw ]ÀhXmImchpamb taL§Ä¡nSbv¡p \n¶v
R§fpsS bÚ¯n ]¦psImffs«. R§fpsS
bÚ¯n ]¦psImffs«. R§fpsS kvXpXnbmÂ
{]k ¶bmbn B tZhn tkzÑm]qÀhw R§fpsS
k¼qÀ®kpJIcamb kvtXm{X§Ä tIÄ¡pamdmIs«.
3. ]mhIm ""\xþ'' Cu a{´¯nsâ Ejna[pNviµ
ÊmWv, OµÊv Kmb{Xn; tZhX kckzXo; {io F¶Xv
_oPhpw iànbpw IoeIhpw, CjvSmÀ° kn²n¡mWv
Cu a{´¯nsâ hn\ntbmKw. a{´¯m AwK\ymkw
sN¿pI.
N P
bmsXmcmÄ bYmÀ°¯n hÀ®w ]Zw hmIyw K
AhbpsS A À° w ChbpsS cq]¯ n k Àh{X
hym]vX bmWv, bmsXmcp tZhn AZy´clnXbmWv,
A\´cq]hXnbmWv, B kckzXotZho R§sf
c£n¡s«.
{iow ]mhIm \x kckzXo hmtP`nÀhm
Pn\ohXnx bÚw hjvSp [nbm hkp
bmsXmcphÄ kÀhscbpw ]cnip²cm¡p¶hfpw
A¶¯m k¼¶bpw IÀ½¯n {]m]n¨ [\¯nsâ
D]e_v[n¡v ImcWamIp¶p. B kckzXotZhn R§
fpsS bÚ¯n ]¦psImffm³ Xmev]cyw ImWn¡p
amdmIs«.
4. "tNZbn{Xoþ' Cu a{´¯nsâ Ejn a[pѵ
BWv OµÊv Kmb{Xn. tZhX kckzXn
"¥pw' F¶pffXv _oPhpw IoeIhpamIp¶p.
A`njvSmÀ°kn²n¡v hn\ntbmKa{´¯m AwK\ymkw
sN¿pI.
bmsXmcphÄ A [ymßA [ntZh cq]bmWv ,
tZh·mcpsS CuizcnbmWv, R§fpsS Dffn a[yahm
WnbpsS cq]¯n \nesImffp¶hfmWv B kckzXo
tZhn Fs¶ c£n¡pamdmIs«.
4. ¢pw tNmZbn{Xo kq\rXm\mw tNX´o
kpaXo\mw bÚw Zt[ kckzXo
¢pwþ bmsXmcphÄ {]nbhpw kXyhpamb ]dbp¶
Xn t{]cW\ÂIp¶hfpw D¯a _p²ntNÀ¶hcpw
{Inbm ]cmbWcpamb ]pcpj·mÀ¡v IÀ¯hyw t_m[
s¸Sp¯p¶hfmWv. A§s\bpff kckzXo tZhn Cu
bÚs¯ [mcWw sNbvXncn¡p¶p.
5. ""atlm AÀWxþ'' Cu a{´¯nsâ Ejn NµÊv
BWv Oµkv Kmb{Xnx tZhX kckzXnbpw ""ku'' CXp
_oPhpw iànbpw IoeIhpamIp¶p. a{´¯m \ymkw
A\pjvTn¡pI ""bmsXmcphÄ A´cyman F¶ cq]¯nÂ
kakvX {XntkmInbpsSbpw \nb{´Ww hln¡p¶p,
cp{Z³ BZnXy³ XpS§nb kckzXo tZhn R§sf
c£n¡s«.
5. ""kux'' atlm AÀWx kckzXo {] tNXbXn
tIXp\m [ntbm hnizm hn cmPXn
""ku'' ( Cu a{´¯n \Zo cq]bmb kckzXnbpsS
kvXpXnbmWv) \Zo cq]¯n {]ISbmb kckzXo tZhn
Xsâ {]hmlcq]amb IÀ½¯m Xsâ AKm[Pecmin
]cnNbs¸Sp¯ns¡m­v kIecpsSbpw _p²nsb
D±o]n¸n¡p¶p.
6. ""NXzmcn hmIv'' Cu a{´¯nsâ Ejn DNYy]p{X-
\mb ZoÀLXaÊmWv. OµÊv {XnjvSphv tZhXkckzXn-
 404
I bpw "" sFw'' F¶Xv. _oPhpw iànbpw IoeIhpamIp-
¶p. CjvSkn²n¡mbn hn\ntbmKw. a{´¯m \ymkw
sN¿pI.
bmsXmcphÄ A´´ÀZrjvSnbpff PohnIÄ¡v
\m\mcq]§fn hyàbmbnXoÀ¶v kÀh{X GIam{X
bmb Úm\ kzcq]ambn t_m[kzcq]ambn ]cnekn
¡p¶p. B kckzXo tZhn R§sf c£n¡pamdmIs«.
6. "sF' NXzmcn hm¡v ]cnanXm ]Zm\n
Xm\n hnZpÀ{_mÒWm tb a\ojnWx
Kplm {XoWn \nlnXm t\wKb´n
Xqcntb hmtNm a\pjym hZ´n
sFwþ hmWnMv \mep]Z§Ä D­v AXmbXv
hmWnbmsI \mep`mKambn hn`Pn¡s¸«ncn¡p¶
]iy´n a[ya, sshJcn, Chsb Adnhpff {_mÒW³
a\Ênem¡p¶p. ChbnemWv. AXn\m Ah ]pd¯v
ImWs¸Sp¶nÃ. \memas¯Xmb sshJcna\pjyÀ
kwkmcn¡p¶p (C §s\bpff hmWo cq]¯ nÂ
kckzXnsb kvXpXn¡pI.)
7. ""bZzm KzZ´n'þ Cu a{´¯nsâ Ejn `mÀ¤h\mWv
OµÊv {XnjvTphv, tZhXkckzXnbpw; ¢ow F¶XmWv
_oPhpw iànbpw IoeIhpw, a{´wsIm­v \ymkw
sN¿pI.
""bmsXm¶v \maw PmXn BZnbmb t`Z¯m F«p
hn[¯ n hnIk nXambncn¡ p¶p A tXmsSm¸w
\nÀhnIev] cq]¯n hyàambns¡m­ncn¡p¶p, B
kckzXo tZhn Fs¶ c£n¡pamdmIs«.
7. ""¢ow'' bZzmKzmZ´y hn tNXm\n
cmjvS o tZhm\mw \njkmZ a{µm
NX{k DuÀP ZpZptl ]bmwkn
Iz kznZkymx ]caw PKma
"¢ow' cmjv{So AXmbXv Znhy`mhs¯ {]Imin¸n¡p
¶hfpw tZh·msc B\µ aábm¡p¶hfpw Bb
tZhnbmb hmWn bmsXmcp L«¯n AÚm\nIÄ¡v
Úm\w ]IÀ¶p sIm­v bÚ¯n hncmPn¡p¶p.
B k abw \mep Zn¡ pIfnepw A¶¯ nsâbpw
Pe¯nsâbpw tZml\w \S¡p¶p. B a[yam hm¡nÂ
t{ijvTambn«pffXv FhnsS t]mIp¶p?
8. tZhow hmNwþ Cu a{´¯nsâ Ejn `mÀ¤h\mWv
OµÊv {XnjvSmhv, tZhX kckzXn. kux CXv _oPhpw
iànbpw IoeIhpw. a{´w sIm­v \ymkw sN¿pI.
hyàhpw Ahyàhpamb hmWntbmSpIqSnb
tZhmZnkakvX {]mWnIfpw bmsXmcp tZhnsb hµn¡p
¶p. bmsXmcmÄ kIe A`ojvS§fpamIp¶ ZpKv[w
Id¶p sImSp¡p¶ Imat[\phmWv B kckzXn tZhn
R§sf c£n¡pamdmIs«.
N P
8. ku tZhow hmNaP\bt´ tZhmkvXmw K
hnizcq]mx ]ithm hZ´n
km t\m at{µjaqÀPw Zplm\m
t[\pÀhmKkvam \p] krjvSpssXXp
kuþ {]mWcq]·mcmb tZh·mÀ {]Imiam\bmb
sshJcohmWntZhnsb P\n¸n¨p. AXns\ ]ehn[¯n
epff hyànIÄ kwkmcn¡p¶p. tZhn Imat[\phns\
t¸mse B\µZmbnIbpw, A¶hpw, _ehpw \ÂIp
¶hfpw hm{Kp]nWnbpw Bb `KhXn kckzXnbmWv.
tZhn D¯anekvXpXnbm k´pjvS\mbn R§fpsS
ASps¯¯s«.
9. DXXzþ Cu a{´¯nsâ Ejn _rlkv] XnbmWv.
OµÊv {XnjvSp¸v. tZhX kckzXn. kw F¶Xv _oPw
iàn, IoeIw Ch aq¶pamIp¶p. (hn\ntbmKw ap¼
¯s¸se a{´w sIm­p A\pjvTn¡pI.
bmsXmcptZhnsb {_ÒhnZymcq]bambn a\Ên
em¡n tbmKnIÄ kIe _Ôt\m]mb§fpw ssIhnSp
¶p. ]ca]Zs¯ {]m]n¡p¶p. B kckzXotZhn Fs¶
c£n¡pamdmIs«.
9. kw DX Xz ]iy¶ ZZÀi hmNþ
arX Xz irWz³ \ irtWmtXy\mw
DtXm Xzkvssa X·w hnkt{k
Pmtbh ]Xy XpiXox kphmkmx
k w ]eÀ¡ pw tZhnsb ImWp¶ps­ ¦nepw
ImWm³ Ignbp¶nà ]ecpw tI«n«pw tIÄ¡m³ iàcm
Ip¶nÃ. F¶m Nnesc kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw hmKvtZhn
Xsâ kzcq]s¯, ]Xnsb t{]an¡p¶ kpµcnbpw hkv{X
`qjnXbpw Bb ]Xv\n ]XnbpsS ap¶n A\mhrX
cq]ambn kao]n¡p¶Xpt]mse tZhn ASps¯¯p¶p.
10. Aw_nXtaþ Cu a{´¯nsâ Ejn KpÕaZ\mWv
OµÊv A\pjvShv, tZhXkckzXn sF F¶Xv _oPhpw
iànbpw IoeIhpamIp¶p. a{´¯m hn\ntbmKw
10. sFw Aw_nXta \ZoXta tZhnXta kckzXn
A{]kvXm Ch kvakn {]ikvX naw`
kkv Ir[n
sFw (]caIeymWabn) amXm¡fn kÀh
t{ijvT bpw, \ZnIfn kÀht{ijv Tbpw tZhnIfnÂ
kÀht{ijvTbpamb kckzXo tZhn. [\m`mhw \nan¯w
R§Ä \nµnXsct¸msebmWv . At½, R§Ä¡v
{]ikvXnbpw [\kar²nbpw XcpI.
1. NXpÀapJapJmwt`mPh\lwkah[qÀa
am\tk caXmw \nXyw kÀhip¢m kckzXo
 405
I (bmsXmcptZhn {_Òmhnsâ apJamIp¶ Iae
h\¯n k©cn¡p¶ cmPlwknbmIp¶p; FÃmbn
S¯pw ip{`Im´n]c¯p¶hfmWv. A§s\bpff kc
kzXn R§fpsS a\ÊmIp¶ am\k¯n \nXyhpw
hnlcn¡pamdmIs«.
2. \akvtX imctZ tZhn Imivaoc]pchmkn\n
Xzmalw {]mÀ°tb \nXyw hnZymZm\w
N tZln ta
AÃtbm Imivaoc]pc¯n \nhkn¡p¶ imcZm
tZhn, tZhn¡v \akv Imcw, Rm³ \nXyw tZhnsb {]mÀ
°n¡p¶p. F\n¡v hnZy {]Zm\w sNbvXmepw.
3. A£kq{Xm¦pi[mcm ]mi ]pkvXI
[mcnWo
apàlmckambpàm hmNn XnjvTXp ta kZm
Xsâ \mepssIbpIfn A£kq{Xw
A¦piw,
]miw, ]pkvXw Ch [cn¡p¶hfpw ap¯pamebnÂ
kptim`nXbpamb kckzXo tZhn Fsâ hmWnbnÂ
kZm hkn¡pamdmIs«.
4. Iw_pIWvTo kpXm t{]mjvTo kÀhm`cW
`qjnXm
almkckzXotZho Pnlzmt{K k¶nhniyXmw
(iwJ¯n\p Xpeyw kpµcamb IWvThpw kpµcamb
Npa¶ Np­pw kÀhhn[ B`cW§fmepw BIÀjnI
Xzhpw XnIª kpJambn hncmPn¡pamdmIs«.)
5. bm {i²m [mcWm ta[m hmKvtZho hn[nhÃ`m
`àm Pnlzm{KkZ\m iamZnKpWZmbn\o.
({_Òmhnsâ {]nbXabmb kckzXotZhn {i²m
[mcW ta[m kzcq]bmWv tZhn `à·mcpsS Pnlzm{K
¯n hkn¨psIm­v iaZamZn KpW§sf {]Zm\w
sN¿p¶p.
6. \hman bman\o\mYteJmwewIrX Ip´fmw
`hm\ow `hk´m] \nÀhm]W kp[m \Zow
(bmsXmcp tZhnbpsS tIi]miw N{µIesIm­v
AewIrXamIp¶p, `hk´m]w ian¸n¡p¶ AarX\Zn
bmIp¶p, A§s\bpff kckzXo cq]bmb `hm\nsb
Rm³ \akvIcn¡p¶p.
7. bm IhnXzw \ncmX¦w `ànapIvXo N
hmw©Xn
tkm  `yÀss¨\mw ZitbmIym
`àym kvXuXn kckzXo.
(IhnXzw, \nÀ`bX, t`mKw, apàn Chbn Bcm
tWm B{Klw hin¡p¶Xv AbmÄ Cu ]¯pa{´
§fm kckzXo tZhnsb AÀ¨\sNbvXv kvXpXn¡s«.)
N P
8. Xsskyhw kvXphtXm \nXyw ka`yÀNy K
kckzXow
`àn{i²m `nbpàÝ j¬amkmXv
{]Xytbm`thXv
(`àntbmSpw {i²tbmSpw IqSn kckzXo tZhnsb
hn[n]qÀhw AÀ¨n¨Xn\ptijw kv XpXn¡p¶ `à\v
Bdpamk¯n\pffn tZhnbpsS Ir]bpsS{]XoXn
D­mIp¶p)
9. XXx {]hÀ¯tX hmWo tkzÑbm
efnXm£cm
KZy]ZymßssIx i_vs sZc{]tassbÀ
hnh£nssXx
(AtX¯ pSÀ¶v AbmfpsS apJ¯n \n¶v
A\p]ahpw A{Kabhpamb KZy]ZymßI i_vZ§fpsS
cq]¯n efnXmbnc§Ä \ndª hmWn kzbw ]pd
s¸Sm³ XpS§p¶p.
10. A{iptXm _p[ytX {KÙx {]mbx kmckzXx
Ihnx
CtXyJw \nÝbw hn{]mx km tlmhmN
kckzXo
({]mtbW kckzXnbpsS `àIhn asämcmÄ
]dªptIÄ¡msX Xs¶ {KÙ§fnse Bibw
a\Ênem¡p¶p. {_mÒW·msc, C{]Imcapff \nÝbw
kckzXo tZhn Xsâ {ioapJ¯p \n¶v {]ISam¡n
bn«p­v.)
11. BßhnZym abm e_v[m {_ÒvssWh
k\mX\o
{_ÒXzw ta kZm \nXyw k¨nZm\µ cq]Xx
({_Òmhn \n¶p Xs¶bmWv Rm³ k\mX\mb
{_ÒhnZy t\SnbXv. k¨nZm\µ¯n \n¶v F\n¡v
\nXyamb {_ÒXzhpw e`n¨p.
12. {]IrXnXzw XXx krjvSw kXzm`n
KpWkmayXx
kXyam`mXn NnÑmbm ZÀ]tW
{]Xn_nw_hXv
(AXn\ptijw kXzw cPÊv, XaÊv Cu aq¶pKp
W§fpsS kmay¯m {]IrXnbpsS krjvS n`hn¨p.
I®mSnbn {]Xn_nw_sa¶t]mse {]IrXnbn \ne
sImffp¶ tNX\bpsS Omb Xs¶ kXyambn {]Xn`m
kn¡p¶p)
13. tX\ NnXv{]Xn_nwt_\ {Xnhn[m `mXn
km ]p\x
{]IrXyhÑn¶Xbm ]pcpjXzw ]p\Ý tX
 406
I (B tNX\bpsS Ombbm {]IrXn aq¶phn[¯nÂ
{]XoIamIp¶p. {]IrXnbm AhÑn¶ambXp ImcWw
\n§Ä¡v PohXzm e`n¨ncn¡p¶p)
14. ip²kXz{][m\mbmw ambmbmw
_n_ntXmlyP.
kXz {][m\m {]IrXnÀamtbXn {]Xn]mZytX
(ip² kXz {][m\amb {]IrXn ambsb¶v ]db
s¸Sp¶p. B ip² kXz{][m\amb ambbn {]Xn
_nw_nXamb tNXm Xs¶ B ip² kXz{][m\amb
ambbn {]Xn_nw_nXamb tNX\ Xs¶bmWv AP³
({_Òw) F¶v ]dbs¸Sp¶Xv. Bamb kÀhÚ\mb
Cuizcsâ B[o\¯nepff D]m[nbmWv.
15. km abm kztim]m[n kÀhÚ tkyÝcky
ln
]iyambXztaIXzw kÀhÚXzw
(B ßmb kÀhÚ\mb C uizcsâ kz´w
A[o\¯nepff D]m[nbmWv. ambsb hiam¡pI,
FIambn¯ocpI (AZznXobw) kÀhÚXzw Ch
Cuizcsâ e£WamIp¶p.
16. kmXznIXzmXv kajvSnXzmXv km£nXzmÖ
KXma]n
PKXv IÀXpaIÀXpw hm Nm\yYm IÀXp
anitX
(kmßnIw kajv S ncq]w, kÀhtemI¯n\pw
km£nbmbnhÀ¯n¡pI Chbm Cuizc³ PK¯v
krjvSn¡p¶Xn\pw krjvSn¡m Xncn¡p¶Xn\pw A\yYm
sN¿p¶Xn\pw kaÀ°\mIp¶p.)
17. bx k Cuizc CXypàx kÀhÚXzmZn
`nÀKpssWx
iànZzbm ln ambmbm hnt£]mhrXn
cq]Iw
(C{]Imcw kÀhÚXzmZn KpW§tfmSv tNÀ¶v B
tNX\s¯ Cuizcs\¶v ]dbp¶p. ambbv¡v c­p
iànIfp­vþ hnt£]hpw BhcWhpw.)
18. hnt£]iànenwKmZn {_ÒmWvUm´w PKXv
krtPXv
A´ÀZrKvZriytbmÀt`Zw _lnÝ {_Ò
kÀKtbmx.
hnt£] icocw enwKicocw apXÂ {_ÒmWvUw
hscbpff PK¯nsâ krjvSn sN¿p¶p. amb¡v c­p
iànIfp­v. hnt£] iànbpw BhcW iànbpw
19. BhrtWmXy ]cm iànx km kwkmcky
ImcWw
km£nWx hrctXm `mXw enwKtZtl\
kwbpXw
N P
c­maXv Hcp BhcWiànsIm­v AXv ZrjvSmhv K
Zriyw ChbpsS t`Zs¯bpw {_Òw krjvS n ChbpsS
t`Zs¯bpw BhcWw sN¿p¶p.
20. NnXnNvimbmkamthimXv Pohx kymZv
hyhlmcnIx
Aky PohXzmamtcm]mXv km£nWy
hy]`mktX
21. BhrXu Xp hn\jvSmbm t`Z `mtX
{]bmXn XXv
XYm kÀK{_ÒWmÝ t`tZamhrXy
XnjvTXn
22. bm iànkvXZzimZv {_Ò ]nXrXtXz\
`mktX
A{XmlymhrXn \mti\ hn`mXn
{_Ò kÀKtbmx
23. t`ZkvXtbmÀ hnImcx kymXv kÀtK \
{_ÒWn XzNnXv
AkvX n `mXn {]nbw \p[w \ma tNXywi
]©Iw.
24. BZy{Xbw {_Òcq]w PKcq]w XtXm Zzbw
At]£y \macqt] tZz k¨nZm\µXXv]cx
(ImcWcq]amb {]IrXnbn tNX\¯ nsâ
OmbbpsS kamthiw kw`hn¡p¶Xn\m hyhlmcnI
PK¯n Imcyw sN¿p¶ Poh³ {]ISambn¯ocp¶p.
AXnsâ B PohXzw Btcm]him km£nbnepw
B`mknXambn¯ocp¶p. BhcWiàn \jvSambn¯oÀ
¶m t`Z¯nsâ kv ]jvSamb {]XoXnbp­mIp¶p.
PohXzw AkvXan¡p¶p. bmsXmcp iàn krjvSnbpw
{_Òhpw X½ nepff t`Zs¯ BhcWw sNbv X v
\nesImffp¶p. AXn\m hio`qXamb {_Òw hnImcw
{]m]n¨Xpt]mse `mknXhpambn `hn¡p¶p. AhnsSbpw
BhcWw \jv Sambn¯ocp¶Xn\m {_Ò¯nsâbpw
krjvSnbpsSbpw t`Zw kv] jvSambn sXfnbp¶p. CXp
c­ nepw k rj v S nbn a m{XamWv hnI mc¯ nsâ
ØnXnbpffXv. {_Ò¯n AXnÃ. AkvXn (D­v) `mXn
({]XoXamIp¶p) {]nbamWv; cq]w, \mawþC§s\ A©v
Awi§Ä D­ v . Chbn A kv X n, `mXn, {]nbw
CXpaq¶pw {_Ò¯nsâ kzcq]§fmWv. \mw, cq]w, Ch-
c­ pw PK¯ nsâ k zcq]§ fmIp¶p. C u c­ p
\macq]§fpsS kw_Ô¯m Xs¶bmWv k¨nZm\µ
]c{_Òw PK¯nsâ cq]¯n DZv`mkn¡p¶Xv.
25. kam[n khZm IpcymXv lrZtbm
hmYhm _lnx
khnIevt]m \nÀhnIev] x kam[nÀZzn
hnt[m lrZn
 407
I (lrZbs¯ ap³ \nÀ¯ntbm _lnÀ`mKs¯
tI{µoIcnt¨m FÃmt¸mgpw kam[nbn apgpIpI.
lrZbm\_Ônbmb kam[n khnIev]sa¶pw \nÀhn
Iev]sa¶pw c­p hn[¯nemWv.
26. Zriy i_vZm\ptZtZ\ khnIev]x ]p\ÀZzn[m
ImamZyÝn¯Km ZriymkvXXv km£ntXz\
tNX\w
(khnIev] kam[n) c­p hn[¯nemWv þ H¶v
Zrim\phn²w, atäXv i_vZ m\p hn²w. Nn¯¯nÂ
D­mIp¶ Bßmhv AXnhnImc§Ä ZriyamIp¶p.
tNX\amb Bßmhv AXnsâ km£nbmWv. Cu
hn[¯n [ym\n¡Ww.
27. [ymtb ``riym\p hnt[m bw kam[nx k
hnIev]Ix
AkMvKx k¨nZm\µx kz{]t`m ssZzX
hÀPnXx
28. AkvanXn i_vZhnt²m bw kam[nx
klIev ]Ix
kzm\p`qXn ckmthkm±riy i_vZmZy
t]£nXpx
29. \nhnIev]x kam[nx kym¶nhmXØnX
Zo]hXv
lrZobw _mlytZiy  ]n bkvan³ I·nwÝ
hkv Xp\n
30. kam[ncmZyZrMvam{Xm \ma cq] ]rYàrXn
kvX_v[o`mthm ckm kzmZmXv XrXobx
]qÀhh·Xx
31. GssIx kam[n`nx jUv`nÀ\tbXv Imew
\nc´cw
tZlm`n[mt\ KfntX hnÚmtX ]camßm\n
b{X b{X at\m bmXn X{X X{X ]cmarXw
32. `nZytX KrZb{KÙnÀÑnZyt´ kÀhkwibmx
£obt´ NmkyIÀamWn Xkvan³
ZrjvtS ]cmhtc
N P
33. abn PohXzaoiXzw Iev] nXw hkvX ptXm K
\ ln
CXn bkvXp hnPm\mXn kaptàm
\m{X kwibx
Hmw hmMv ta a\koXn im´nx
(CXv Zriym\phn² khnIev] kam[nbmIp¶p.
Rm³ AkwK\pw k¨nZm\µ\pw kzbw {]Imihpw
AssZzX kzcq]hpamIp¶p. C§s\bpff khnIev]
kam[n i_vZm\p]n²sa¶v ]dbs¸Sp¶p. Bßm\p`qXn
ck ¯ ns â B th i w \na n¯ w Z ri y¯ nsâ bp w
i_vZ¯nsâbpw Dt]£ ssIs¡mffp¶ km[Isâ
lrZb¯n \nhnIev ] kma[n kw`hn¡p¶p. B
L «¯ n t bm Knb ps S Ø nXnh mb p i q\ y am b
{]tZi¯n sh¨ hnfs¡¶t]mse AhnNeambn
`hn¡p¶p. CXv lrZb¯n D­mIp¶ \nÀhnIev]hpw
khnIev]hpamb kam[nbmIp¶p. C{]Imcw _mlytZi-
¯nepw GsX¦nepw hkvXphns\ e£yam¡n Nn¯w
GIm{Kambn¯ocp¶p. AXn kam[n Ddbv¡ p¶p.
BZys¯ kam[n {Zjv Smhnsâbpw, Zriy¯nsâbpw
hnthI¯m kw`hn¡p¶p; c­mas¯ kam[nbnÂ
{]tXyI hkvXphnepw AXnsâ \macq]§sf shtÆsd
shtÆsd I­v AXnsâ AXnjvTm\`qXamb tNX\bpsS
Nn´\w \S¡p¶p. aq¶mas¯ kam[nbpw GItZiw
ap¼nes¯t¸mse Xs¶ AXn kÀh{X hym]Iambn
ssNX\yw ckm\p`qXn P\nXamb Bthi¯mÂ
kv X _v [ Xbv ¡ v hnjbambn `hn¡p¶p. C§ s\
BZ{]Imc¯nepff kam[nIfpsS km[\bn Xs¶
\nc´cw Xsâ kabw Nnehgn¡Ww. tZlm`nam\w
CÃmXmIp¶Xn\pw ]caÚm\w D­mIp¶Xn\pw
CSbmbm a\Êv FhnsSsbms¡ t]mbmepw AhnsS
sbms¡ ]caamb AarXXz¯nsâ A\p`hap­mIp¶p.
lrZb¯nsâ {KÙnIÄ inYneambn¯ocp¶p; kIe-
hpamb {_Ò¯nsâ km£mXv¡mcap­mIp¶tXmsS
hnZzm\mb ]pcpjsâ kakv X IÀ½§fpw £oW-
ambn¯ocp¶p. F¶n Dff PohXzhpw CuizcXzpw
Iev ] nXamWv ; hmk v X hnIaà C Xv Adnbp¶hÀ
apà\mbn¯ocp¶pþ AXn bmsXmcp kwibhpanÃ.
EtKzZob kckzXyp]\nj¯v Ahkm\n¨p.
 408

I K

1 B{itam]-\n-j¯v 3

im´n-] mTw bn-cn-¡p-¶-h\pw {]mPm-]-Xy³ F¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. AsÃ-

¦n Ccp-]-¯n-\mep hÀjw Kpcp-Ip-eh- m-k-a-\p-jvTn-¡p¶
Hmw `{Zw IÀt®`nx irWp-bma tZhm `{Zw ]tiy
{_mÒ-W\pw \mev]-¯n-sb-«p-hÀjw hsc C{]-Imcw A\p-
am£- ` n- c y- P {Xmx Ø nssc- c w- s sK- k v X p- ã phmw
jvTm-\-¯n hÀ¯n- ¡p-¶-h\pw {]mPm-]-Xy-\mWv acWw
kkvX\- q-`nÀ hytia tZh-lnXw bZmbpx kzkvXn
hsc Kpcp-hns\ Dt]-£n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p¶ ss\jvTnI {_Ò-
\ Ct{µm hr²-{ihmx kzkvXn\ ]qjm hniz-thZmx
Nmcn _rlm³ F¶ \ma-¯m Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.
kzkvXn \kvXmÀt£ym Acn-ã-t\anx kzkvXn t\m
_rl-kv]X - nÀZ-[mXp Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx 2. KrlØm A]n NXpÀhn[m `h´n hmÀ¯m-I-
hr-¯b imeo-\hr¯tbm bmbm-h-c-tLm-c-kw-\ym-
tZh-·m-sc, R§Ä sNhn- IÄ sIm­v awKfw {ihn-¡m-
kn-Im-tÝXn X{X hmÀ¯mI hr¯bx Irjn-tKm-
\n-S-h-c-tW. I®p-IÄ sIm­v awKfw ImWm-\n-S-hc - -tW.
c-£ -hm-Wn-Py-a-KÀln-X -ap-]-b p-Rv Pm\mx iX-kw-h-
kpZr-i-§-fmb AwK-§Ä sIm­pw icocw sIm­pw
Õ-cmZnx {Inbm`nx bP´ Bßm\w {]mÀ°-bt´
\n§sf kvXpXn¨p sIm­v tZh-·mÀ \nÝ-bn-¨n-«pÅ
imeo- \ - h r- ¯ tbm bPt´m \ bmP- b t´m f
BbpÊv A\p-`-hn-¡p-am-dm-I-tW. alm-IoÀ¯n-im-en-bmb
[obm\m \m[ym-]-bt´m ZZtXm \ {]Xn-Kr-lvW´x
C{µ³ R§Ä¡v \· sN¿p-am-dm-I-Ww. kÀhÚ\mb
iX- k w- h - Õ - c m`nx {Inbm- ` nÀb- P ´ Bßm\w
]qjmhv R§Ä¡v awKfw \ÂI-tW. A{]-Xn-tcm-[y-K-Xn-
{]mÀ°-b-t´. tLmc-k\ - ym-knIm D²r-X-]-cn-]q-Xm-
bmb Kcp-U³ R§Ä¡v awKfw \ÂItW. Hmw im´nx
`n-cZv`nx Imcyw IpÀh´x {]Xn Znh-k-am-lp-tXmRvO
im´nx im´nx
hr¯n-cq-]-bp-RvPm\mx iX-kw-h-Õ-cm`nx {Inbm`nx
lcn Hmw AYm-X -Ý -Xzmc B{iamx tjmU-i- bP´ Bßm\w {]mÀ°-bt´
t`Zm `h´n X{X {_Ò-Nm-cn-WÝ - X- pÀhn[m `h´n
Krl-Ø-· mcpw \mep-hn- [-am-Wv-þ -hmÀ¯m-I-hr-¯ n,
Kmbt{Xm {_mÒWx {]mPm-]tXym _rl-¶nXn b
imeo-\-hr-¯n, bmbm-hm³, tLmc-k\ - ym-kn-IÄ C§s\
D]-\-b-\m-ZpÀ[zw {Xncm-{X-a-£m-c-eh
- -Wmio Kmb{Xo
Ch-cn hmÀ¯m-I-hr¯n IrjntKm kwc-£Ww apX-em-
at{´ k Kmb{Xx, tbm f ãmN-Xzm-cnw-iXv hÀjmWn
bh sNbvXp A\n-µn-X-amb hmWn-Pym-Zn-IÄ sNbvXp Gsd
thZ {_Ò Ncyw NtcXv {]Xn-thZw ZzmZi hm bmhZv
hÀj-§Ä bÚw sNbvXp Gsd hÀj-§Ä bÚw
{Kl-Wm´w hm thZky k {_mÒWx kzZm-c-\n-
sNbvXp Bßm-hns\ D]m-kn- ¡p- ¶p. imeo\ hr¯n kzbw
cXx EXp-Im-em`n Kmao kZm ]c-Zm-ch - ÀPo {]mPm-
bÚw sN¿p-¶p. F¶m bÚw sN¿n-¡p-¶n-Ã. ]Tn-
]Xyx, AYhm NXpÀhnw-iXn hÀjmWn Kpcp-Ip-e-
¡p-¶p, F¶m ]Tn-¸n-¡ p-¶ n-Ã. Zm\w sImSp-¡p¶p
hmko {_mÒtWm Aãm NXzm-cnw-iXv hÀj-hmko
F¶Â Zm\w hm§p-¶n-Ã. C§s\ sNbvXv Bßm-hns\
N {]m-Pm-]Xyw B {]mb-W mZv Kptcm-c-]-cn-XymKo
D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. bmb-h-c³ bÚw sN¿p-Ibpw sN¿n-¡p-
ss\jvTntIm _rl-¶nXn.
I-bpw sN¿p-¶p. ]Tn-¡p-Ibpw ]Tn-¸n-¡p- -Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
lcn Hmw B{i-a-§-Ä \mep-hn-[-am-Wv. Ahbv¡v ]Xn- Zm\w sImSp-¡p-I-bpw Zm\w tamln-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. C{]-
\mdv hn`m-K-§-fp-ap-­v. {_Ò-Nm-cn-IÄ \mep hn`m-K-¯n Imcw AbmÄ Gsd hÀj- b-Ú-§-f- \p- jvTn¨v Bßm-hns\
s]Spw. Kmb-{X³ {_mÒ-W³ {]mPm-] -Xy³ _rl³. D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. tLmc-k-\ym-kn-IÄ Xt]m-\n-c-X- cm-bn-cp¶v
btÚm-]-hoXw [cn-¨-Xn-\p-tijw aq¶p cm{Xn D¸n-Ãm¯ Gsd- ¡mew bÚm- Zn-IÄ sNbvXpsIm­v D]m- kn-¡p- Ibpw
Blmcw Ign¨v Kmb{Xn P]n-¡p-¶-hs\ Kmb-{X³ F¶p {]mÀ°n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
]d- bp- ¶p. \mev]-¯n- sb«p hÀjw thZm- [ym- b- \mÀ°w {_Ò-
3. hm\-{]Øm A]n NXpÀhn[m `h´n sshJm-
Ncyw A\p-jT v n-¡p-Itbm Hmtcm thZhpw ]{´­p hÀjw
\km DZpw-_cm _me-Jneym t^\]m tÝXn X{X
hoXw Nne-h-gn¨v ]Tn-¡p-Itbm \Ã-Xp-s]e thZ-Úm\w
sshJm-\-km-A-Ir-ã-]-Nyu-j -[n-h-\-k v]-Xn-`nÀ{Km-a-
kn²n-¡p-¶-Xp-hsc ba-\n-b-am-Zn-IÄ ]c-]m-en-¡p-Itbm
_-ln-jvIr-Xm`nán ]cn-Nc
- Ww IrXzm ]©-a-lm-b-
sN¿p-¶-h³ {_Ò-W-s\¶v ]d- b-s¸-Sp-¶p. kzZm-X-\n- c-X\pw
Ú- { Inbmw \nhÀ¯- b ´ Bßm\w {]mÀ°-
EIm-em-`n-Km-an-bp-am-bn-«p-Å-h³ kZm-]-c-k{v Xn-]-cmMv apJ-\m-

N P
 409

I bt´ DZpw _cm {]mX-cp-°mb bmw Zni-a-`n-t{]- km[p-hr-t¯jp {_mÒ-tW-Ip-tejp ss`£m-Ncyw K

£t´ XmZm-lr-tXm-Zpw-_c - -\o-hmc iymam-ssI- Nc´x #mßm\w {]mÀ°-bt´ lwkm GI-Z-Þ-
- -_-Zc
c- á n-] -c n-N -c Ww IrXzm ]©- a- l m-b -Ú - {Inbmw [cmx inJm-hÀPnXm btÚm-]-ho-X-[m-cnWx inIy-
\nÀhÀ¯- b ´ Bßm\w {]mÀ°-b t´ _me- I-a-Þ-ep-lkvXm {Kmssa-I-cm-{Xn-hm-knt\m \Ktc
Jneym PSm- [ - c m- Ý o- c - N À½- h - X v ¡ e ]cn- { hXmx XoÀt°jp ]©-cm{Xw hk´ GI cm{X Zzncm{X
ImÀ¯nIymw ]uÀ®amkymw ]pjv] -^ -e -ap-Õ y- Ir{Ñ Nm{µ.-WmZn Nc´ Bßm\w {]mÀ°-bt´
P´x tijm-\ãu amkm³ hrXyp-a-]mÀP\w IrXzm ]c-a-lwkm \Z-Þ-[mcmx apW-A[mx IÙm-Iu-]o-
Aán-] -c n-N -cWw IrXzm ]©-a-lm-b -Ú -{Inbmw \ - h m- k tk m f hyà - e nw Km \ ` Þ - [ c m
\nÀhÀ¯-bt´ Bßm\w {]mÀ°-b´ t^\]m apÞBX Ahy-àm-Nmcmx A\p-·¯m D·-¯h - -
D·-¯Imx ioÀ®-]À®-^-e-t`m-Pnt\m b{X Y{Y Zm-N -c-´-k v{Xn-Z-Þ -I-a-Þep inIy-] £ Pe-] -hn-
hkt´m Aán ]cn- N - c Ww IrXzm ]©- a - l m- {X-] m{X ]mZp-I m-k -\ - i nJm btÚm-] -h o-X m\mw
bÚ {Inbmw \nÀh¯-b´ Bßm\w {]mÀ°- XymKn\x iq\ym-Km-c-tZ-h-Kr-l-hm-knt\m \ tXjmw
bt´! [Àt½m\m[Àt½m \ Nm\rXw kÀhw-klm kÀh-
kamx ka- t emjvT m iva Im- © \mx btYm- ] -] ¶
sshJm-\-k-·mÀ, _me-Jn-ey-·mÀ, DZpw-_-c-·mÀ, t^\-
NmXpÀhWy ss`£m- N cyw Nc´x Bßm\w
]-·mÀ F¶ \mep hn`mKw hm\-{]-Ø-·m- cn-ep- ­v. Ah-cnÂ
tam£ b´ CXn
sshJm-\-k³ kzbw apf-¨Xpw ]Nn-¡m-¯Xpw {Kmao-W-
cm Dt]-£n-¡-s¸-«-h-bp-amb sNSn-If- n \n¶p hr£- §- k\ym-kn-amÀ, IpSo-N-c³, _lq-Z-I³, lwk³, ]c-a-
fn \n¶pw In«p-¶-hsb Aán ]cn-N-cWw sNbvXv ]©- lw-k³ F¶v \mep-hn-[-ap-­v. Ch-bn IpSo-N-c³ Xsâ
a-lm-bÚw sNbvXp-sIm­v Bßm-hns\ D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. ]p{Xm-Zn-I-fpsS Krl-§-fn \n¶pw `n£ kzoI-cn¨v Bß-
DZpw-_-c³ {]`m-X-¯n Xs¶ Fgp-t¶äv FhnsS \ns¶- hn-Nn-´\w sN¿p-¶p. _lq-Z-I³ {XnZ-Þw, Ia-Þ-ep,
¦nepw _Zmw, hcn- s\Ãv Xp-S§n-bh tiJ-cn¨v Aán-tlm{Xw inIy-]-£w, Pe-]m-{Xw, ]mZp-Iw, Bk-\w, inJ, btÚm-
sNbvXv ]© alm-b-Ú-¯n\p tijw Bßm-hns\ D]m- ]-ho- Xw, Ijmb hkv{Xw F¶nh [cn¨pw k©-cn¨pw Bß-
kn-¡p-¶p. _e-Jn-ey³ PSm-[n-cbpw PoÀ®-h-kv{Xw, ac- hpcn [ym-\-\n-c-X-\mbn Ign-ªp-Iq-Sp-¶p. lwk³ GI-ZÞw
Ch-tbmsS ImÀ¯n-I ]uÀ®an Znhkw ]pjv]-^e - -§Ä [cn¨pw inJ IqSm-sXbpw btÚm-]-ho-X-t¯m-Sp-IqSn
shSnªv NmXpÀ½mkyw Hgn¨v F«p-am-khpw Ign-ªp-Iq- inIyw Ia-Þep Ch FSp¯v {Kma-¯n Hcp cm{Xnbpw
Sm³ th­Xp t\Sn Aán ]cn-N-c-Whpw ]© alm-b- hkn¨pw Ht¶m ct­m aqt¶m cm{Xn Ir{Ñ-Nm-{µm-b-Wm-Zn-
Úhpw \nÀh-ln¨v Bßm-hns\ D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. IÄ kzoI-cn¨pw Bß-hn-Nn-´\ XÂ]-c-cmbn Ignªp
IqSp-¶p. ]c-a-lw-k³ ZÞ-anÃmsX Xe-sam-«-b-Sn¨v IÙ-
D·-¯-s\-t¸mse t^\-]³ s]mgnªp hoW Cebpw
Iu- ]o-\-[m- cn- bmbn Ahyà NnÓ- t¯msS [oc- \mbpw im´-
Imbpw aäpw FhnsS In«p-¶pthm AhnsS Xma-kn¨p
\mbpw D·-¯-\-sÃ-¦nepw D·-¯-s\¶p tXm¶n-¡p¶
Aáym-[ym\w sNbvXv ]©-a-lm-b-Ú-a-\p-jvTn¨v Bßm-
at«msS {XnZ-Þw, Ia-Þ-epw, inIy-]-£w, Pew, ]hn-{Xw,
hns\ {]mÀ°n¨p Ign-bp-¶p.
]m{Xw, ]mZp-Iw, Bk-\w, inJ, btÚm-]-hoXw F¶n-h
4. ]cn-{hm-PIx A]n-NX - p-hn[mx `h´n IpSo-Nc - m, Dt]-£n¨v PoÀ®-Kr-l-§- fntem t£{X- §-entem Ign-bp-¶p.
_lq-Z-Im, lwkm, ]c-a-lw-km, tÝXn X{X IpSo- AhÀ¡v [À½m-[À½m-hn-Nn-´tbm kXym-k- Xy-hn-th-N-\tam
Ncm kz]p-{X-Kr-tljp `n£m-Ncyw Nc´ Bßm\w CÃ. AhÀ F´pw kln-¡m³ Ign-hp-Å-hcpw kl-ZÀin-
{]mÀ°- b t´ _lq- Z - I m- k v { Xn- Z - Þ - I - a - Þ ep Ifpw NmXpÀh-Wy-§-fn \n¶v In«p¶ `n£ kzoI-cn¨v
inIy-] - £ - P - e - ] -h n- { X- ] m- {X]m ZpIm- k \ inJm tam£-km-[\ sN¿p-¶-hc - m-W.v
btÚm- ] - h o- X - I u- ] o- \ - I m- j m- b - t h- j - [ m- c nWx
B{i-tam-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

N P
 410
I K
1 GIm-£-tcm-]-\n-j¯v
im´n-]mTw
Hmw. kl-\m-hhXp. kl\u `p\-àp. k_
hocyw Ic-hm-hs
- sl. tXPkzn \mh-[o-X-a-kvXp. am
hnZznjm hssl. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx.
]c-{_Ò R§sf c­p-t]-scbpw Hcp-an¨v c£n-¡-
s«. R§Ä c­p t]cpw Hcp-an¨v ]cn-]m-en-¡s« R§Ä
c­p- t]- c pw Hcp- a n¨v Ign- h pIÄt\Ss«. R§ Ä
At\ym\yw hntZzjw ]peÀ¯m-Xn-cn-¡-s«.
1. lcnx Hmw GIm-£cw Xz£tcy{XmkvXn tkmta
kpjp-av\bmw tNl ZrVo k GIx Xzw hniz-`qÀ
`pX- ] Xnx ]pcmWx ]ÀP\y GtIm `ph \ky
tKm]vXm
2. hntiz \na-á-]-Zhox Iho\mw |
Xzw PmX-thtZm `ph-\ky \mYx |
APm-X-at{K k lncWy tcXm |
bÚkvXz tasshI hn`qx ]qcmWx
3. {]mWx {]kq-XnÀ `ph\ ky tbm\nÀ |
hym]vXw Xzbm GI-]t- Z\ hnizw |
Xzw hniz-tbm\n ]cm kzKÀt` |
Ipamc GtIm hninJx kp[·m
4. hnX-Xy-_mWw Xcp-WmÀ¡-hÀ®w |
thymam-´tc `mkn lnc-Wy-KÀ`x |
`mkm-Xzbm thymav\n IrXx kpXmˣy |
kvXzw ssh Ipam-c-kvXz-a-cn-jvS-t\anx
5. Xzw h{P`r-Zv`qX]Xn-kvXz-tah |
Imax {]Pm\mw \nltXmkntkmta |
kzmlm-kzm-[m-b¨ hjvS-It- cmXn |
cp{Zm ]iq\mw Kpl-bm-\n-a-áw.
AÃtbm `K-hm-s\, A£-c-\mb A§v tkmasâ cq]-
¯nepw kpjp-av\m-amÀ¤-¯n IqSnbpw Cu kl-{km-c-]-
ß-¯n [ym\n-¨m k¯m-am-{X-¯n \ne-sIm-Åp¶
Htc ]c-aX- -Xz-am-Ip-¶p. GIm-£-c-¯n Ah-ti-jn-¡p-¶p.
`K-hm-s\, GIm-£-c-amb ]c-{-a-Ò-kz-cq-]³ A§p-Xs - ¶-
bm-Wv. {]]-©-Im-c-W-kz-cq-]\pw ]pcm-W-]p-cp-j\pw A§p-
X-s¶. A§v PmX-th-ZÊpw `ph-\¯ - nsâ \mY-\p-am-Wv.
lnc-Wy-tc-XÊpw bÚ-kz-cq-]\ - p-am-W§
- v. `ph-\I
- m-c-W-
ambn hÀ¯n-¡p-¶Xv A§m-Wv. A§-bpsS GI- ]m-Z- ¯nÂ
hniz-saÃmw hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. {]]-©-¯nsâ \nb-´m-
N P
3
sh-¶\ - n-e-bn Ipam-c-kz-cq-]\pw hnÃm-fnbpw A§p-Xs¶
A§-bpsS {]Imiw sIm­p-Xs¶ kqcy³ BIm-i-¯nÂ
{]Im-in¨p sIm­n-cn-¡p-¶p. ImÀ¯n-tI-b-cq-]-¯n-epÅ
tZh-ssk-\ym-[n-]\pw AcnjvS t\anbpw A§m-W.v C{µ-
cq-]-¯n A§v h{Pw [cn-¡p-¶p. Xp{Z-cq-]-¯n kI-e-
Po-hn-I- fp-sSbpw kzman-bmbn hÀ¯n-¡p-¶Xv A§m- W.v N{µ-
tem-I-¯n ]nXr-¡-fpsS Ima-cq-]hpw thsd-bm-cp-aà - . tZh-
·m-cp-sSbpw ]nXr-¡-fp-sSbpw Xr]vXn-¡p-th­n bÚ-{i-
²m-Z n-I -fn sN¿-s ¸-Sp¶ kzmlbpw kz[bpw hjSv
Imchpw A§p-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. Pohn-I-fpsS lrZ-b-§-fnÂ
hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xv A§m-Ip-¶p.
6. [mXm-hn-[mXm ]h\x kp]Àt®m |
hnjvWpÀ hcmtlm cP-\o-c-lÝ |
`qXw `hn-jyXv {]`hx {InbmÝ |
Imex {IamkvXzw ]c-am-£cw N
7. EtNm bPqwjn {]k-h´n h{àmXv |
kmam\n k{am-Uz-ky-c-´c - o£w |
Xzw bÚ-t\Xm lpX-`pKv hn`qÝ |
cp{Z-kvXYm ssZXy-K-Wm-hk - pÝ
8. k Gj tZthm _c-KÝ Nt{I |
At\ym`yXnjvtTX Xtam-\n-cpÔ |
lnc-×bx bky hn`mXn kÀhw |
thymam-´tc civan-an-aw-kp-\m`nx
9. kÀh-th¯m `ph-\ky tKm]vXm |
Xm`nx {]Pm\mw \nlnXm P\m\mw |
t{]Xm XztaXm hnNnXw {IamWmw |
{]Pm-]Xnx Oµ-atbm hnKÀ`
10. kmssaÝn Zt´m hnc-PÝ - -_mlp |
lnc-×bw thZ-anZmw hcnjvTw |
ba-[ztc {_Ò-hnZx kvXph´n |
kmssa-cp-ÖpÀ`nx-{IXp `nkvXz-tah
A§v {]mW-cq-]-¯n [mXmhpw krjvSn-IÀ¯mhp
sa¶ \ne-bn tim`n-¡p-¶p. hn[m-Xmhpw ]h-\\pw Kcp-
U\pw hnjvWphpw hcm-lhpw cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw `qX-`-hn-
jy-ZzÀ¯-am-\§ - fpw A§p-X-s¶. kIe {Inb-Ifpw Ime-
K-Xnbpw A§p-Xs - ¶. BcpsS apJ-¯n \n¶mtWm
EtKzZw bPpÀthZw kma-thZw F¶nh DÛ-hn-¨-Xv. B
{]Im-i-kz-cq-]\pw A§m-Wv. GIm-Z-i-cp-{Z-·mÀ, ssZXy-
 411

I ·mÀ, hncmSv kzcq-]³, kqcym-Zn-If- n Xnf-§p¶ civan- 13. Xzw `qÀ`p-hk

IÄ, A´-cyman kI-eXpw A§m-W.v lnc-©-b\pw thZ-
hn-¯p-If
- n hcn-jvT\pw Bb A§sb thZ-hn-¯p-IÄ
kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. kma-§Ä, bPp-Êp-IÄ, E¡p-IÄ Ch-bm-
seÃmw kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xpw A§m-Ip-¶p.
11. Xzw kv{Xo ]pamwkvXzw N Ipamc GI |
kvXzw ssh Ipam-co-hyY `qkvXz-tah |
Xztah [mXm hcp-W-Ýc - mPm |
Xzw hÕtcm ánÀba Gh kÀhw.
12. an{Xx kphÀ®-Ý{µ Ct{µm hcptWm |
cp{Z-kvXzjvSm hnjvWpx khnXm
tKm]-Xn-kvXzwXzw |
hnjvWpÀ`q-Xm\n Xp {Xmkn ssZXymw |
kvXztb-hrXw PK-Zp-Zv`-h-KÀ`þ
- zkvXzw lnkz-bw-`q-cY K
hniz-tXm-apJx |
b Ghw-\nXyw thZ-btX Kplm-ibw |
{]`pw ]pcmWw kÀh-`qXw lnc-×bw
lnc-Wvabw _p²n-atXmw ]cm-KXnw |
k_p-²n-am³ _p²n-a-XoXy XnjvT-Xo-Xyp-
]-\n-j¯v
kv{Xo, ]pcp-j³, Ipam-c³, Ipam-cn, `qan, [mXm-hv,
hcp- W ³, cmPm- h v , aÕ- c w, Aá n, ba³, an{X³,
kphÀ®³, N.-{µ³, C{µ³, hcp-W³, cp{Z³, XzjvSm-hv,
hnjvWp, khn-Xm-hv, tKm]-Xn, PK-Õy- jvSmhv FÃmw A§p-
X-s¶. A§v temI-§sf ]men-¡p-¶p. `px, `phx, kzx
hniz-tXm-ap-J³ kÀh-`q-X³ kI-e-Xn\pw GIm-{ibw Cu
\ne-bn-seÃmw hncm-Pn-¡p-¶Xpw A§p-Xs - ¶. A§sb
Adn-bp-¶-h³ AhnZym P\n-X-amb {`a-_p²n AkvX-an¨v
Poh-·p-à-\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p-sh¶v D]-\n-j¯v
GIm-£ -tcm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

1 IT-cp-t{Zm-]-\n-j¯v 3

im´n- ] mTw jy ]p{Xw ZrjvSzm Xzw {_ÒmXzw bÚ-Irjy

]p{Xw ZrjvSzm Xzw {_ÒmXzw bÚkvXzw hj-
Hmw kl-\ m-h -h Xp kl\u `q\àp kl-
SvI m-c-kvXz-tam¦mckvX zw kzmlmXzw kz[m Xzw
hocyw Ic-hm-ssh. tXP-kzn-\m-h-[oX akvXp, am
[mXm Xzw hn[mXm Xzw {]XnjvTm koX htZ-Xv.
hnZzn-jm-hs
- sl. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
AY ]pt{Xm hZ-Xrlw {_Òmlw btÚmlw
]c-{_Òw R§Ä c­p-t]-scbpw Hcp-an¨v c£n-¡- hj-SvIm-tcmltam¦m-tcmlw kzmlmlw kz[mlw
s«. R§sf c­p-t]-scbpw Hcp-an¨v ]cn-]m-e n-¡-s«. hn[m-Xmlw XzjvSmlw {]Xn-jvTm-ka v n-Xn.
R§Ä Hcp-an¨v iàn-{]m-]n-¡-s«. R§-fpsS hnZy tXP-
{_Òmhv ]dªp:þ inJ-tbm-sSm¸w apWvU\w sNbvXv
kzn-bm-bn-cn-¡s
- «. R§Ä ]c-k]
v cw tZzjn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡s
- «.
]qWq Dt]-£n¨v ]p{Xs\ t\m¡n "\o {_Òmhpw
Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx
bÚ-hp-am-Ip¶p; \o Xs¶-bmWv hj-Sv¦m-chpw Hm¦m-c-
1. tZhm l ssh `K-h-´a
- -{_p-h³ þ "A[oln `K- hpw. \o Xs¶-bmWv kzmlmbpw kz[mbpw [mXmhpw
h³ {_Ò hnZymw. hn[m-Xmhpw {]Xn-jvTbpw' F¶v ]d-b-Ww. AXn-s\-¯p-
Hcp L«-¯n tZh-·m-sc-Ãm-hcpw tNÀ¶v {]Pm-]X
- n- SÀ¶v ]p{X³ ]d-bWw þ ""Rm³ {_Òmhpw bPvRhpw
bmb {_Òm-hn-t\mSv ]dªp:þ ""`K-hm-t\, R§Ä¡v hj-SvIm-chpw Hm¦m-chpw kz[mbpw kpJbpw [mXmhpw
{_Ò-hnZy D]-tZ-in¨p Xcp-I.'' hn[m-Xmhpw XzjvSmhpw {]Xn-jvTbpw BIp¶p F¶v.

2. k {]Pm-]-X n-c -{_-h o-Xvþ '' kin-J m³ tIim³ 3. Xmt\y-Xm-\y\p {hP-¶{- ip-am-]m-X-tbXv bZ-{ip-
\njvI rjy hnkr-P yb btÚm-]h - oXw \njv Ir am- ] m- X - t bXv {]Pmw h nÑn- µ ymXv {]Z- £ n- W -

N P
 412

I amhrss¯yX ss¨X-¨m\ th£-amWmx {]Xym- sSm¸w apWvU \w sN¿p-t ¼mÄ ]qWp Ducn "Hmw
K
b´n kkzÀt¤m `h-Xn. `qkzmlm' F¶p-¨c - n¨v AXv Pe-¯n-se-dn-b-Ww. ]ns¶
CjvS- apÅ tbmK-{Inb sN¿mw. A§s\ At\-i-\-¯mtem
]n¶oSv ]cn-{hm-P-I-\mbn Krlw ssIhn«v ]p{X-an-{Xm-
Pe-{]-th-i-¯mtem Aán-{]-th-i-¯mtem alm-{]-Øm-\-
Zn-IÄ A\p-K-an-¡p-t¼mÄ I®o-scm-gp-¡-cp-Xv. Fs´-¶mÂ
¯n-eq-sStbm PohnXw Ah-km- \n- ¸n- ¡-Ww. AÃ- ¦n GsX-
A{ip-]mXw k´Xn \mi-Im-c-Wa - m-Wv. aäp-Å-hÀ k\ym-
¦nepw hr²-k-\ym-kn-bpsS B{i-a-¯n Xma-kn-¡mw.
knsb {]Z-£nWw sh¨v A§p-an§pw t\m¡msX Krl-
]mtem shÅtam tNÀ¯p k\ymkn F´p-I-gn-¡pt¶m
¯n-tebv¡v aS-§-Ww. C§-s\-bpÅ k\ymkn kzÀ¤w
AXp Xs¶ Abm-fpsS lh-\w. Aam-hm-ko-Zn-hkw `£n-
{]m]n-¡p-¶p.
¡p¶ Blm-c-¯n\v Zi-b-Ús - a¶pw ]uÀ®-am-kn-bnÂ
4. {_Ò Nmco thZ-a-[oXy thtZmàm NcnX {_Ò- Ign-¡p¶ Blm-c-¯n\v ]uÀ®-amkn bÚ-sa¶pw ]d-
N-tcym-Zc- m-\m-lrXy ]p{Xm-\pXv ]mZy Xm\-\q-cq-]- bp- ¶ p. hk´ Ime¯v apSnbpw XmSnbpw aoibpw
hm-Zn-`nÀ hnX-tXymjvSzm N iàntXm b ssÚx apWvU\w sN¿p-¶Xv Abm-fpsS Aán-jvtSm-a-am-Ip-¶p.
Xky k\ymtkm Kpcp-`n-c -\p-Ú m-X ky _mÔ-
kw\ym-kymánw ]p\-cm-hÀ¯-tb-·r-XypÀ Pb-
sshÝ tkmcWyw ]tcXy ZzmZi cm{Xw ]b-
am-hl
- a
- n-Xy-[ym-ßa
- -{´m³ ]tT-Xv. kzkvXn kÀh-
kmán tlm{Xw Pplp-bm-Xv. ZzmZ-ic - m{Xw ]mtbm-`-
Po-th`y CXyp-t¯mßm\a-\-\yw-[ym-b³ DuÀ[z
£m-kym-Xv. ZzmZ-ic - m-{X-kymt´ Aátb sshizm-
_mlqÀ hnapà amÀt¤m `th-Xv. A\n-tI-X-Ýt- c-
\- c mb {]Pm- ] - X tb N {]mPm- ] Xyw Ncp- s sh-
Xv. `n£mio bXv In©n-¶m-ZymXv esshIw \[m-
jvW hw {Xn]m-e -a ánw kwØn-Xm\n ]qÀhmWn
h-tbXv P´p-c£ - -WmÀ°w hÀhÀÖw CXn. XZhn
Zmcp ]m{Xm- W y- K \u Pplp- b m- X v. ar¬a- bm- \ -
b]vk p Pqlp-bmXv ssXP-km\n Kpcth ZZym-Xv. tÇmImx `h´n!
amXzw ama-]l - mb ]cmKmx \mlw Xzma-]-lmb ]cm- kw\ymkw ssIh-cn-¨X - n-\p-tijw Aáym-[m-\-ac- p-Xv.
Km-a n- X n. KmÀl-] Xy Z£n-W m- á m-h m- l - h - \ otb B[ym-ßnI 480 a{´-§Ä P]n-¡pI am{Xta sN¿m-hq.
jzcWn tZimZv `kva-apjvSnw ]nt_-Zn-tXy-tI. kin- kIe Pohn-IÄ¡pw awKfw `hn-¡s« F¶ {]mÀ°-\-
Jm³ tIim³ \niv I rjz hnkrPy btÚm- ] - tbm-Sp-IqSn DuÀ[z _mlp-ambn amÀ¤-¯n k©-cn-¡-Ww.
hoXw `pxkzm-tl-Xyp]vkp Pplp-bm-Xv. XX DuÀ[z- Krlw shSn-bWw; `n£m¶w sIm­v kwXr-]X v n-b-S-b-Ww.
a\ i\-a-]mT {]th-ivaán {]thiw hocm-[zm\w Hcn-S¯v Xs¶ Ign-b-cp-Xv. hÀj-Im-e-§-fn Fhn-sS-sb-
alm-{]-Øm\w hr²m-{iaw hm KtÑ-Xv. ]b-kmbw ¦nepw Xma-kn-¡mw. AXns\ kw_-Ôn-¡p¶ tÇmI-§Ä.
{]miv\o-bmXv tkm ky kmbw tlmax. bXv{]mXx
1. IpWvUImw "Nakw' inIyw {Xnhn-jvS-]a
- p-]m-
tkmbw {]mXþ b±Àti X±Ài-\w. bXv ]uÀ®-
\lu
amtky XXv ]uÀ®-am-kyw. bZz-kt´ tIi-iva-
{i p - t e m- a m- \ - J m\ n h m] - t bX v tk mk má n iotXm-]-Lm-Xn\ow IÙw Iu]o-\mÑm Z\w XYm
\njvtSmax 2. ]hn{Xw kv\m\-imSnw N D¯cm kmK-tah N |
{_Ò-Nc - y-a-\p-jvTn¨v thZm-[y-b\w sNbvXv buh-\- btÚm-]h - oXw thZmwÝ kÀhw XZv
¯n hnhm-ln-X-\mbn ]p{X-·m-cp-­m-b-Xn-\p-tijw Ahsc hÀP-tb-ZyXnx
]Tn-¸n¨v kptbm-Ky-cm¡n bYm-iàn bÚm-Zn-IÀ½-§Ä 3. kv\m\w ]m\w XYm iuN-aZv`nx
A\p-jvTn-¡-Ww. ]ns¶ Krl-¯n-epÅhtcmSpw Kpcp-P\ - - ]qXm-`n-cm-N-tcXv |
§- tfmSpw A\p- hmZw hm§n k\ymkw kzoI- cn-¡mw. k\ym- \Zo-]p-fn\ imbokym t±hm Kmtcjq hm kzt]Xv
kn-bm-bm ]{´­p cm{Xn h\-¯n £oc-l -h\w 4. \mXyÀ°w kpJ-ZpxJm`yw ico-c-ap]
sNbvXv £ocm-lmcw am{Xw Ign-¡-Ww. ]{´­p cm{Xn Xm]-tbXv |
Ign-ªm hnjvWp-hn-s\bpw {]Pm-]-Xn-sbbpw kw_-Ôn-
kvXpb-amt\m \ XpjytX \nµntXm \
¡p¶ Ncp-hns\ sshizm-\-cm-á n¡pw {]Pm-]-Xn¡pw
it]-Xv]-cm³
th­n lh\w sN¿- Ww Cu Ncp aq¶p a¬I- «- IÄsIm­v
X¿m-dm-¡mw. ]ns¶ ac-¸m-{X-§Ä Aán-bn tlman¨v 5. {_Ò-Nt - cyW kwXn-jvtT-Z{- ]-am-tZ\ akvIco |
a¬]m-{X-§Ä Pe-¯n Fdn-b-Ww. kzÀ®-¸m-{X-§fpw ZÀi\w kv]Ài\w tIfnx IoÀ¯\m
aäpw Kpcp-hn\v Zm\w sNbvXv ]d-bWw: ""A§v Fs¶ Kply-`m-jWw
Dt]-£n¨v Zqsc-sb§pw t]mI-cp-X.v Rm\pw A§sb hn«v 6. k¦evt]m [yhkm-bÝ {Inbm \nÀhr¯n
t]mIn-Ã. imkv{X-hn-[n-b-\p-k-cn-¨pÅ IÀ½-§Ä A\p- tch N |
jvTn¨ tijw KmÀl-]X - ym-lh
- \
- ob Z£n-Wm-á-nI-fnÂ
GsX-ss·-Yp-\-a-jvSmwKw {]h-Z´n a\o-jWm
\n¶pw Hcp ]nSn `kvaw FSp¯v `£n-¡W
- w. inJ-tbm-
N P
 413

I 7. hn]-coXw {_Òcy a\p-jvtTbw apap£p `n; bÖ- ¯n\pw X\n¡pw t`Z-an-sö _p²n-tbmsS AÚm-\- K
KXv `mkIw `m\w \nXyw `mXn kzXx Øpc-Xv. ¯n\pw ambbv¡pw km£n-`q-X-amb {_Òs¯ Adn-bp¶
Úm\n {_Ò-ambn `hn-¡p-¶p.
Ia-WvU-epw, Na-k-sa¶ bÚ-]m{Xw inIyw {X]n-
Zmw, sNcp-¸v, IÙ (tIm-WI - -¯ n\p aosX [cn-¡p¶ 13. {_Ò-`q-Xm-ß\ - k
- vX-kvam-tZX kvamÑàn
hkv{Xw) kv\m\ tijw [cn-¡m-\pÅ hkv{Xw Ipim-k- an{in-XmXv |
\w, btÚm-] -h oXw F¶n-h bpw thZm-[ y-b \ hpw A]-©o-IrX BImi kw`p-tXm-cÖp
k\ymkn ssIsh-Sn-b-Ww. kv\m\ ]m\-iu-Nm-Zn-IÄ ip²- kÀ¸-h-Xv.
Pew sIm­m-bn-cn-¡-Ww. \Zo-XS- -§-fntem tZhm-e-b-§- 14. BImi hmbp kwÚkvXp kv]Àtim]©o
fntem Xma-kn-¡-Ww. A[nIw hn{iaw Acp-Xv. {]iw-kn- Ir-Xx-]p\x |
¡p-t¼mÄ kt´m-jtam \nµn-¡p-t¼mÄ tIm]tam ]mSn- hmtbm-cá- n-kvXYm Nmtá-cm-]] AZvt`ym
Ã. Bscbpw Ak`yw ]d-b-cp-Xv. Be-kyw hn«v {_Ò- hkp-Ôcm
Ncyw ]men-¡-Ww. kv{XoIsf ImWp-I, Ahsc kv]Àin-
15. Xm\n-`q-Xm\n kq£vamWn ]©o-IrtXy
¡p-I, kwkm-cn-¡p-I, tKm]y-Im-cy- §Ä Nn´n-¡p-I, {IoUn-
izc kvXZm |
¡p-I, Imtam-±o-]I k¦-e] v -§-fn s]Sp-I. kam-K-a-¯n\v
{ian-¡p- I, kam-K-a-¯n- teÀs¸-SpI C§s\ ssaYp\w F«p- tX`y Gh hnkrjvSw XXv {_Òm-WvUmZn
hn-[s
- a¶v ]WvUn-X-·mÀ ]d-bp-¶p. apap-£p-¡-fmb k\ym- inth\ l
kn-amÀ ssaYp-\m-Zn-IÄ shSnªv ]cn-]qÀ®-amb {_Ò- 16. {_Òm-WvU-tky-Ztc tZhm Zm\-hhmx
Ncyw ssIs¡m-Å-Ww. b£ In¶cmx |
8. k Gh PKXx km£o kÀhmßm hnaem a\pjymx ]ip-]-£ym-Zym-kvX¯ - Xv
IrXnx | IÀ½m-\ p-km-c Xx
17. AØn-kv\mbv hmZn-cp-t]mbw icocw
{]XnjvTm kÀh `qXm\mw {]Úm-\-L\
`mXntZ ln\mw |
e£Wx
tbmba¶-atbm lymßm `mXn kÀh-ic - o-cnWx
9. \IÀ½Wm \ {]Pbm \ Nmt\y\ ]n
tI\ NnXv | hf-ªp-In-S-¡p¶ Ib-dp-Im-Wp-t¼mÄ kÀ¸-sa¶
{_Ò-th-Z-\-am-t{XW {_Òm]vt\m tXyh am\hx {`aw D­m-Ip-¶-Xp-t]m-se- bmWv {_Ò-cq-]amb Cu Bßm-
hnÂ\n¶pw i_vZ-X-·m{X D­m-bn-«p-Å-Xv. ]ns¶ hmbp-cq-
10. XZzn-Zym-hn-jbw {_Ò kXy-Ú\
]-¯n-epÅ A]-©o-I r-Xa - mb X·m{X BIm-i -¯nÂ
kpJm-Zzbw |
\n¶p-ap-­m-bn, ]c-am-ßmhv kq£va XXz-§sf ]©oI-
kwkmtc N Kplm-hmtNy ambu-Úm-\m`n cn¨v Ah aptJ\ {_Òm-WvUs¯ krjvSn-¨p. {_Òm-
kwÚtX WvU-¯n IÀ½m-\p-k-cWw ssZXy-·mÀ, tZh-·mÀ, b£-
11. \nlnXw {_Ò tbm thZ ]cta thymav\n ·mÀ, In¶-c-·mÀ, a\p-jyÀ, ]£n-ar-Km-ZnIÄ F¶o hn`n¶
kwÚtX | hÀ¤-§-fp-­m-bn. amwkm- Øn- \nÀ½nX-amb ico-chpw IÀ½m-
tkm iv\ptX kI-em³ Imamk {ItassW \p-k-cW- w. Xs¶-bmWv krjvSn-¡s - ¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶X
- v. FÃm
h {ZntPm-¯a ico-cn-I-fp-sSbpw A¶-ab- -amb Cu Øqe-tZlw {]Xy-£-
am-bn-¡m-W-s¸-Sp-¶p-­-tÃm. AXn \n¶v `n¶-ambn {]mW-
12. {]Xy-Km-ß\m aÚm\ ambm itàÝ
a-bm-ßmhv F¶v H¶p-Iq-Sn-bp-s­¶v a\-Ên-em-¡-Ww.
km£nWw |
GIw {_Òm-la - -kvaoXn {_ssÒh `hXn kzbw. 18. XXx-{]m-W-atbm lymßm hn`n-¶-Ým-´-c
-ØnXx |
kzbw {]Im-i hpw \nXy- {]-I m- i - k z- cq-] -h p- a mb
XtXm hnÚm\ BßmXp XtXm\y
Bßmhp Xs¶-bmWv hnizs¯ {]Im-in-¸n-¡p-¶-X.v AXp-
Ým´cx kzXx |
Xs¶ kzÑ-k z-cq]n hniz-k m-£ nbpw kÀhm-ß m-hpw.
{]Úm-\-L- \-kz-cq]w IÀ½w sImt­m km[\ sImt­m
19. B\-µ-ab BßmXp XtXm-\y-Ým-´-cx-ØnXx
a\p-jy\v {_Òs¯ {]m]n-¡m³ km[y-a-Ã. {_Òw AZzn- tbmba¶-abx tkmbw ]qÀ®x-{]m-W-a-tb\ Xp
Xo-bhpw kXy-Úm-\m-\µ kzcq-]h - p-am-Wv. B {_Òw 20. at\m atb\ {]mtWm]n XYm ]qÀ®x
]ca thyma-sa¶p t]tcm-Sp-Iq-Snb Xsâ \nXy-[m-a-¯n kz`m-hXx |
hncm- P n-¡ p-¶ p. Úm\w- s Imt­ AXns\ Adn- b q. XYm at\m-atbm lymßm ]qÀt®m Ú\
AXns\ Adnbp-¶-hsâ kÀhm-`n-em-j-§fpw km[n-¡p- abu Xp
¶p. "Rm³ GI-amb {_Ò- amWv' F¶ `mh- \-tbmsS {_Ò-
N P
 414

I 21. B\-tµ\ kZm ]qÀ®x kZm-Úm-\a- bx 28. bZm tlysshj GX-kvan-¶-ev]´ - cw \cx | K
kpJw | hnPm-\mXn XZm Xky `bw kym ¶m{X kwibx
XYm-\-µ-ab Ým]]n {_ÒtWm t\y\ 29. Assky-hm-\µ tImti\ kvXw _mt´
km£nWx hnjvW p-]qÀhIm |
Bßmhv Cu B\-µ -a -bm-ßm-h n hkn-¡ p-¶ p. `h´n kpJnt\m \nXyw Xmc-Xay {ItaW Xp
hnÚm-\m-ß-Ia - mb Bßm-hn-\p-Ånepw kq£vam-Xn-k q- 30. X¯Xv ]Z-hn-c-àky t{imXn-b-ky
£va-amb Hcp B\-µa - -bm-ßm-hp-­v. {]mW-a-b-amb Bßm- {]km-Zn\x |
hn-\m B\-µ-a-b-amb Bßmhv ]cn-]qÀ®-am-Wv. at\m-a-
kzcq-]`- qX B\µ kzbw `mXn ]tc bYm
bm-ßmhv hnÚm-\-a-bm-ßm-hn-s\-¡q-SmsX ]qÀ®-am-I-bnÃ
B\-µ-ab- -amb B Bßm-hn \n¶pw `n¶-ambn asäm-cm- 31. \nan¯w In©n-Zm-{inXy Jep i_vZ-
ßmhp IqSn-bp-­v. AXv kÀhhym]nbpw kÀhm-´-cym-anbpw {]-hÀ¯sX |
]cn-]qÀ®-hp-amb {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p. CXp-Xs¶ B\-µ-a-bm- btXm hmtNm \nhÀ¯t´ \nan¯w \ma-`m-hXx
ßm-hns\ ]qÀ®-am-¡p-¶X - v. 32. \nÀhn-tij ]cm-\tµ IYw i_vZ
22. kÀhm-´-tcW ]qÀ®Ý {_Ò \mt\y\ {]hÀ¯tX |
tI\-NnXv | Xkvam-tZ-X· - \x kq£vaw hym]rXw
bZnZw {_Ò-]p-ÑmJyw kXy Úm\m-Zz-bm-ßIw kÀh tKmNcw
23. kmc-tah ckw e_vt[m km£m-t±lo {_Ò-¯n \n¶v Aev]-sa-¦nepw AI-se-bm-sW¶v
k\m-X\w | Icp-Xp-¶n-S-t¯mfw Imew a\p-jy\v \nÀ`-b-\m-bn-cn-¡m³
kpJo `hXn kÀh{X A\yYm kpJXm IpXx km[y-a-Ã. sNdnb ]pÂsImSn apXÂ hnjvWp-]-cy-´-apÅ
kI-ecpw Cu Bß-tIm-i¯ - n \n¶pw \nXym-\-µ-a-\p-`-
24. Ak-Xy-kvan³ ]mc-\tµ kzmß-`qtX 
hn-¡ p-¶ p. sFlnI ]mc-{XnI kpJ-§-f n hncàn
Jnemß\mw |
tXm¶nb {]k-¶-Nn-¶-X-\mb t{im{Xn-b³ kzcq-]-`q-X-amb
tIm PohXn \tcm P´p tImhm \nXyw Cu B\µw {]m]n-¡p¶p! i_vZw D­m-Ip-¶Xv GsX-
hntN-jvStX ¦nepw \nan-¯s¯ B{i-bn-¨m-Wv. F¶m ]©-XX - z-
25. XkvamXv kÀhm-ß\m Nnt¯ `mk-amt\m ¯n \nan-¯` - mhw DÅ-Xn-\m hm¡v AhnsS t]mbn
lyku-\cx | aS§n hcp¶ kÀh-hn-j-b-iq-\y-amb ]c-am-\µ kzcq-]X - -
B\-µ-bXn ZpxJmVyw Pohm-ßm\w kZm P\x Xz-¯n i_vZw F§s\ \n¡m-\mWv? a\Êv kq£va
hpw hym]r-Xhpw kÀh-tKm-Nc - -hp-am-Ip-¶p.
26. bZm-tly-sshj GX-kvan-¶-Zriy
XymZn-e-£tW | 33. bkvamXv t{im{X-Xz-K-£ymZn JmZn IÀt½-{µn-
\nÀt`Zw ]cam ssZzXw hnµtX N alm-b-Xnx bmWn N hymhr-¯m\n ]cw {]m]vXpw \ kaÀ°m
\n Xm\n Xp
27. XtZhm _b-a-Xy´ IeymWw ]c-am-arXw |
34. XZv {_Òm-\µ - a Zzµzw \nÀKpWw kXy-Nn-ZvL\w
k{Zq]w ]caw {_Ò {Xn]-cn-tÑ-Zh - ÀÖnXw
hnZn-Xzm-kmß cqt]W \ _nt`Xn IpX-Ý\
]t£ B {_Òs¯ ]qÀ®-am¡n \mcp-an-Ã. {_Òw 35. Ghw bkvXp hnPm-\mXn kzKp-cc - q] t`iXx
kzbw ]qÀ®-am-W.v Cu {_Òw Xs¶-bmWv kXy-Úm-\-
k km[zkm[p IÀ½m`ymw kZm \ X]Xn {]`p.
kz-cq-]hpw kÀhm-{i-b-`q-Xhpw kÀh-km-chpw ck-a-bhpw
BW-Xv. Cu \qX-XXw {]m]n¨v tZln kI-e-hn-[-¯nepw AXn-\m Cu a\Êv kq£va-ko-anX iàn-tbmsS
kpJn-bmbn Ign-bp-¶p. ChnsS am{Xta kpJ-ap-Åq. CXv kÀh{X k©-cn-¡p-¶p. ImXv, I®v, sXmen XpS-§nb
kÀh-Po-h n-I -fp-s Sbpw Bßm-hm-W v. {_Òw IqSmsX C{µn-b-§fpw i_vZm-kv]Àiw hm¡v apX-em-bhpw ]cn-
BÀ¡pw Pohn-¡m³ km[y-a-Ã. AXv kI-e-cp-sSbpw Nn¯- anXiàn-tbmSp IqSn-b-hb - m-Wv. AXn-\m A]-cX
- Xz
¯n kÀhm-´c - ym-an-bmbn IpSn-sIm-Åp-¶p. B ]c-a]
- p- {]m]vXn¡v Ak-aÀ°-§-fm-W.v Zzµzm-Xo-X\pw \nÀKp-W\pw
cp-j³ Xs¶ ZpxJmÀ¯À¡v B\µw \ÂIp-¶p. B ]c- kXy-kz-cq-]\
- p-amb B {_Ò-s¯-¯s¶ Xsâ kzcq-]-
a-X-Xz-¯nÂ\n¶pw t`Z-c-ln-X-amb ]c-{_Òm ssZzXw {]m]n- sa¶p `mhn-¡p¶ km[-I³kÀh{X `b-c-ln-X- \m-W.v PntX-
¡p¶ Úm\n alm-tbm-Kn-bmbn Xocp-¶p. tZi-Im-em-Xo- {µn-b-\mbn Kpcp-]t- Z-i-a-\p-k-cn¨v {]hÀ¯n¨v Bß-km-
Xhpw A]n-c-Ñn-¶hpw kÕz-cq-]-hp-amb ]c-{_Òw Xs¶- £m-Xv¡mcw t\Sn {_Ò-kz-cq-]-amb ]c-am-\-µ-a-dn-bp¶p
bmWv A`-bhpw ]c-a{- _-Òm-hrX kzcq-]hpw awKf kzcq- hyàn D¯-am-\sW¦nepw AsÃ-¦nepw kzIÀ½-§-fmÂ
]-\ pw. Hcn-¡epw ZpxJ-¯n-\-Sn-s]-Sp-¶n-Ã.

N P
 415

I 36.-Xm-]y-Xm-]I- c- q-t]W hnZm-X-a-Jnew PKXv kzbw-ar-Xzm-kzbw `qXzmky tahm-hi

- n-jy-tX. K
{]Xy-Km-ßX - bm `mXn Úm\mZv thZm´ CXyp-] -\n-j-¯ v.
hmIy-PmXv
hnjbw Xm]-Is - a¶pw Nn¯w Xm]y-sa¶pw Icp-X-
37. ip±-ao-izc ssNX\yw Poh-ssN-X\y tah N | s¸-Sp-¶ p. Nn¯-h n-j-b -§ Ä aptJ-\ -b mWv k¼qÀ®
{]amXm N {]amWw N {]tabw N ^ew XYm temIhpw ]cn-e-£n-X-am-Ip-¶-X.v CXv {]Xym-Km-ßm-hnsâ
38. CXn k]vXh - n[w t{]màw `nZytX cq]-¯n-se¶v thZm-´n-IÄ ]d-bp-¶p. X¯z-§Ä Ggp-hn-
hyh-lm-cXx | [-¯n-emWv ip²w, Cuizc ssNX-\yw, Poh-ssN-X\ - yw,
{]am-Xm, {]am-Ww, {]ta-bw, ^ew Ch-bmWv Ggp XXz-
amtbm]m[nhn \nÀap-àw ip²n-aXy `oXn-b-tX.
§Ä. hyh-lm-c-_p²ym Chbv¡v t`Z-ap-­v. {_Ò ip²
39. ambm-kw-_Ô XtÝtim Pothm hnZym ssNX-\yhpw amtbm-]m[n hn\nÀ½p-à-hp-am-Wv. ambm-a-
hi-kvXYm b-\m-b-Xp-sIm­v AXv Cuiz-c\pw Ahn-Zybv¡v hio-`q-X-
A´x-Ic - -W-kw-_Ô - mXv {]am-W-anXn IYy-tX. \m-b-Xp-sIm­v Poh-\p-am-W.v A´x-I-cW kw_-Ô-¯mÂ
40. XYm XZv hr¯n kw_-ÔmXv {]am-W-anXn AXv ÚmXm-hm-W,v AXp-sIm-­p-Xs¶ {]am-Xm-hp-am-Wv.
IYytX AÚm-Xa - -]n, ssNX\yw {]ta-b-anXn A´Àhr-¯n-bn AXpw {]am-Ws - a¶pw ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.
bYytX AÚm-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Im-e-t¯mfw {]ta-b-ap-­v. ssNX-
\ym-Úm-X-am-Ip-t¼mÄ AXns\ ^e-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶p.
41. XYm-ÚmXw N ssNX\yw ^e-anXy `o
bYmÀ° Úm\n kÀthm-]m[n hn\nÀap-à-\m-Wv. Cu
[obtX |
Úm\w C§s\ XXz-]-ca - m-bn-«-dn-bp-¶h
- ³ {_ÒXzw
kÀthm-]m[n hn\nÀapàw kzmßm\w {]m]n-¡m³ AÀl-\m-Ip-¶p. Npcp-¡-¯n Rm³ kÀh-
`mh-tbXv kp[ox th-Zm-´§- -fp-sSbpw kmcw ]d-ªp. IÀ½-a-\p-k-cn-¨mWv
42. Ghw tbm thZ XtXz\ {_Ò `qbmb Pohn-IÄ P\n-¡p-¶Xpw acn-¡p-¶X - pw. CsXÃmw Bßm-
Iev]tX | hnsâ eoe-bm-Ip-¶p. Fs´-¶m Bßm-h-ÃmsX asämcp
kÀh-th-Zm-´k - n-²m´ kmcw hNvan XXz-anà F¶v D]-\n-j¯ - p-IÄ hyà-am-¡p-¶p.
bYmÀ°Xx | IT-cp-t{Zm-]\
- n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

1 Ien-k-´-c-tWm-]-\n-j¯v 3
im´n]mTw ¡s« \½psS hntZzjw ]peÀ¯m\nSbmImXncn¡s«. Hmw
Hmw kl \mhXp kl \u im´nx im´nx im´nx
`p\àp kl hocyw Ichmhssl tXP 1. lcn Hmw Zzm]cmt´ \mctZm
kzn\mh[oXakvXp am hnZznjmhssl {_ÒWw PKmaþIYw `Khm³ tKmw
Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx ]cyS³ Ienw k´tcbanXn. ktlmhmN
{_Òm km[p ]rjvtSmkvam kÀh{ipXn
Kpcp injy·mcmb \½Ä c­pt]tcbpw ]c{_Òw
clkyw
kwc£n¡s«. AXv \½sf c­pt]scbpw ]cn]men
¡s«. \½Ä c­pt]cpw Hcpan¨v IgnhpIÄ BÀÖn tKm]yw XÑrWp tb\ Ienkwkmcw

N P
 416
I Xcnjykn `KhXx BZn]pcpjky \m
cmbWky \mtam¨mcWamt{XW \nÀ
[qX IenÀ `hXn \mcZx ]p\x {]]Ñ
X¶ma InanXn k tlmhmN
lncWy KÀ`x""ltc cma ltc
cma cma cma ltc ltc ltc IrjvW
ltc IrjvWm IrjvW IrjvW ltc ltc''
Zzm]cbpKmhkm\¯n Hcp Znhkw \mcZalÀjn
{_Òmhns\ kao]n¨v C§s\ tNmZn¨p:þ ""`Khm³,
`qtemI¯n k©cn¡pt¼mÄ F\n¡v F§s\bmWv
Ien_m[bn \n¶v tamN\w t\Sphm³ km[n¡p¶Xv?''
{]k¶ Nn¯\mbn {_Òmhv C§s\ ]dªp:-þ""hÕm,
\o tNmZn¨ tNmZyw F\n¡v hfsc {]nbs¸«XmWv. kÀh
thZa{´§fptSbpw \nKqVamb clkyw \n\¡v Rm³
D]tZin¨p Xcmw. IenIme¯nse tZmjw ]cnlcn¡p¶
Xn\v GIamÀ¤w `Khm³ BZn\mcmbWsâ ]cnip²\m
tam¨mcWamWv.'' B \maw F´msW¶v \mcZ³ tNmZn¨
t¸mÄ {_Òmhv C§s\ ]dªp:
ltc cma ltc cma cma cma ltc ltc
ltc IrjvW ltc IrjvW IrjvW IrjvW
ltc ltc
2. CXn tjmUiIw \mav\mw Ien
Ieva j \mi\w \mXx ]cXtcm]mbx
kÀhthtZjp ZriytX
apIfn sImSp¯ ]Xn¶mdp\ma§fpw IenIme
s¯ ]m]w \in¸n¡p¶p. CXnepw sa¨amb amÀ¤w
thZimkv{XmZnIfn t]mepw ImWs¸Sp¶nÃ.
3. CXn tjmUiIemhrXky Pohkym
hcW hn\mi\w XXx {]ImitX ]cw
{_Ò taLm]mtb chncivan aÞeothXn
]p\À \mcZx {]]Ñ `Kh³ tImky
hn[ncnXn kÀhm ipNncipNnÀhm
1 Imem-án-cp-t{Zm-]-\n-j¯v 3
Hmw kl\mhhXp kl \u `p\àp kl
hocyw IhmhssltXPkzn\mh[oXakvX p am
hnZznjmhssl Hmw im´nx im´nx Hmw ]{_Òw
N P
]w³ {_mÒW ktemIXmw kao]Xmw K
kcq]Xmw kmbqPyXmtaXn bZmky
tjmUioIky kmÀ²{XntImSnÀ
P]Xn XZm {_ÒlXymw XcXn
XcXn hoclXymw kz˨kvtX
bmXv ]qtXm `hXn ]nXrtZha
\pjymWma]IcmXv\yptXm `hXn
kÀh[À½ ]cnXymK]m]mXv. kZy
ipNnXmam]v\pbmXv I ktZym apNytX
ktZym apNytX CXyp]\njXv
lcn Hmw XXv kXv
tjmUiIem k¼¶amb Pohsâ Bhcàw Cu
\ma¯nsâ klmb¯m hntÑZn¡s¸Sp¶p. taL
§fn \n¶I¶ kqcy³ A[nIw {]Imit¯msS {]tim
`n¡p¶Xp t]mse ]c{_Ò¯nsâ bYmÀ° kzcq]w
At¸mgmWv kv]jvSambn sXfnbp¶Xv. ]ns¶ \mcZ³
CXnsâ \macq]hn[nsb´msW¶p tNmZn¨t¸mÄ
{_Òmhv adp]Sn ]dªp:-þ""CXn\v hntijn¨v hn[nsbm
¶panÃ. ]cnip²tam A]cnip²tam Bb GXhØ
bnepw Cu \maw P]n¡mhp¶XmWv. Cu \ma cq]
ssh`h¯m kmtemIyw (Cuizcsâ temI¯v IqsS
]mÀ¡pI.) kman]yw (Cuizcsâ kao]¯ncn¡pI.)
kmcq]yw (Cuizcsâ k zcq]w t]mse BIpI.)
kmbqPyw (Cuizc\pambn tNÀ¶v ebn¡I.) Cu \mep
hn[¯nepff apànbpw ssIhcp¶p. Cu \ma a{´w
aq¶ct¡mSn P]n¨m km[I³ {_ÒlXym]m]¯nÂ
\n¶pw \nhr¯\mIpw; hoclXym ]m]hpw \in¡pw.
kzÀ® tam£W]m]hpw \in¡pw. a\pjyÀ, tZh·mÀ,
]nXr¡Ä, ChcpsS t\À¡v sNbvXn«pff A]Imc¯nsâ
]m]¯n \n¶pw DS³ tamN\w In«p¶p. kÀh[À½]
cnXymK ]m]¯n\pw AXnthKw ia\w In«pw F¶v D]\n
j¯v.''
Ienk´ctWm]\nj¯v kam]n¨p
Kpcp injy·mcmb R§Ä c­pt]scbpw c£n
¡tW. R§Ä c­msfbpw ]cn]men¡tW. R§Ä
Hcpan¨v IgnhpIÄ {]ZÀin¸n¡m\nShctW. R§fpsS
 417
I A[yb\wtXtPmabamItW. R§Ä At\ym\w Ieln
¡m³ CShcmXncn¡tW.
1. AY Imemáncpt{Zm]\njXv kwhÀ¯tIm
f án Ejn\pjvS p¸v Oµx {ioImemán cpt{Zm
tZhXm {io Imemán cp{Z {]oXyÀt° Pt]
hn\ntbmKx
2. AY Imemáncp{Zw `Kh´w k\XvI pamcx
]{]Ñ AYmln `Kh³ {Xn]pWv{V hn[nw kXXzw
Inw {Zhyw InbXv Øm\w IXn{[amtWm Im
tcJmtI a{´m Im iànx Inw ssZhXw IxIÀ¯m
Inw ^e anXn N
3. Xw tlmhmN `Khm³ Imemáncp{Zx bZv {Zhyw
XZmtábw `kv a ktZymPmXmZn ]© {_Ò
ass{´x ]cnKrlymáncnXn `kva hmbpcnXn `kva
JanXn `kva PeanXn `kva CXyt\\m`na{´y
am\kvtXmtI X\b CXn kar²rXy am t\m
almkvtXmtI X\b CXn kar²rXy am t\m
almßanXn PteK kwkPy {XnWmbpj Pa
Z á nc nX n i nt c me e mS h £ x k vI tÔ j p
{Xnbmbpssj kssXyw_ssI kv { Xniàn`n
kvXncyIv Xn{kmx tcJm {]IpÀhoX {hXtaXXv
iw`th kÀthjp thZhmZn`ncpàw XkvamXv kam
Ntc·pap£px \ ]p\À`amb
Hcn¡Â k\XvIpamc³ `Khm³ Imemáncp{Zt\mSv
tNmZn¨p. "`Khms\, {Xn]p{Þ[mcW¯nsâ hn[nXXz-
]qÀhIw F\n¡v ]dªp a\Ênem¡n XcpI. AsX´m-
Wv? AXnsâ Øm\§Ä GsXs¡bmWv? AXnsâ
Afsh´v?F{X tcJIÄ thWw? GXv a{´w D]tbmK-
s¸Sp¯Ww? AXnsâ iànsb´v ? tZhX BcmWv?
IÀ¯mhmcv, AXnsâ ^esa´v ? AXp tI«v Imemán
cp{Z³ ]dªp {Xn]p{Þ¯nsâ {Zhyw Aántlm{X-
¯nse `kvaw Xs¶bmWv. B `kvaw "ktZym PXm`nx
XpS§nb A©p a{´§Ä sNmÃn ssIs¡mffWw.
AáncnXn `kv a m, hmbpcnXn `kva , PeanXn`kva ,
Ø eanXn `k v a , thytaXn`kv a Cu a{´ ¯mÂ
A`na{´nXam¡Ww. "am\kvtXmI F¶ a{´w sIm­v
hncenseSp¡pI " am tKm alm³ F¶ a{´w sIm­v
shffsaSp¯v " {Xnbmbpj F¶ a{´¯m incÊv, eemSw,
h£Êv, kvIÔw, ChnS§fn "{Xbmbpj "{Xyw_I
a{´§Ä sNmÃn aq¶p tcJIÄ tNÀ¯v sXmSWw. CXns\
imw`h{hXw F¶mWv ]dbpI. CXns\¸än kIeth
Zhàm¡fpw FSp¯p]dªn«p­v. ]p\ÀP·w B{Kln
¡m¯ tam£Nvip CXv [cnt¡ XmWv.
4. AY k\XvIpamcx {]amWaky ]{]Ñ
{Xn]p{Þ [mcWky
5. {Xn[m tcJm BeemSmXv N£ptjm
cm{`pthm½[yXÝ
N P
6. bmky {]Yam tcJm km KmÀl]XyÝImtcm K
APx kzmßm {Inbm iànx EtKzZx {]mXx
kh\w atlizcotZhtXXn
7. bmky ZznXobm tcJm Z£nWmácpImc
kXyw a´cmßm CÑmiànÀ bPpÀthtZm am[y
anZw kh\w kZminthm tZhtXXn
8. bmkym XrXobmtcJm kmlh\otbm aImcx
kvXa ]camßm Úm\ iàn kmathZkvXr
Xob khu almtZthm tZhtXXn
9. {Xn]p{Þhn[n `kva\m ItcmXn tbm hnZzm³
{_ÒNmcn Krlo hm\{]tØm bXnÀhm kalm
]mXtIm`hmXtI`yx ]qtXm `hXn kÀthjp
XoÀt°jp kv \ mtXm `hXn kÀhm³ thZm\
[otXm `hXn kÀhm³ tZhm³ ÚmtXm `hXn
k kXXw kIe cp{Z a{´Pm]n `hXn k kIe
t`mKm³ `pMvtà tZlw Xyàzm inh kmbpPy
taXn \ k ]p\cmhÀ¯tX k \ ]p\cmhÀ¯tX
l kvXml `Khm³ Imemán cp{Zx
10. bkvtXzXZzm f ZzmA[otX tkm At\y
Ghtah `àntXymw kXy anXyp]\nj¯v
C{Xbpw tI«v k\XvIpamc³ tNmZn¨p {Xn]p{ÞX
¯n aq¶p tcJIÄ CSp¶Xn\pff ImcWsa´mWv?
D¯cw CXmbncp¶p aq¶p tcJIfn BZyt¯Xv
KmÀl]Xymán cq]hpw ctPmKpWIcp]hpw `qtemI
cq]hpw kzmßIcq]hpw {Inbmiàn EtKzZw {]mXkvX
h\wChbpsSbpw atlizcsâbpw cq]¯nepffXmIp¶p.
c­mas¯ tcJ Z£nWmán cq]w, DImccq]w, kzXzcq]w,
A´co£cq]w, CÑmiàncq]w,bPpÀ thZcq]w am[yw
Zn\ kh\ cq]w kZminhcq]w Ch tN˦XmWv.
aq¶mas¯ tcJ Blh\ob cq]w, aImc cq]w, Xtam
cq]w, ZyutemI cq]w, ]amßcq]w , Úm\iàn cq]w,
kmathZ cq]w CsXÃmw tNÀ¶XmWv IqSmsX XrXob
kh\s¯bpw almtZhs\bpw {]Xn\n[oIcn¡p¶p.
C§s\ {_ÒNmcntbm KrlØt\m hm\{]Øt\m
hm\{]Øt\m k\ymkntbm BIs« hn[n]qÀhw
{Xn]p{Þw [cn¡p¶ ]£w AbmÄ alm]m]§fnÂ
\n¶pw D]]mXI§fn \n¶pw apà\mbn¯ocp¶p.
kIe XoÀ°§fnepw kv\m\w sNbvX ^ew In«p¶p.
kIe tZhXIfpsSbpw PmRmXmhmIp¶p. kIe
kpJ§fpw A\p`hn¨v AbmÄ inhtemI¯nse¯p¶p.
]ns¶ AbmÄ¡v ]p\cmhr¯nbnÃ. C§s\ `Khm³
Iemáncp{Z³ ]dªp. CXv ]Tn¡p¶h\pw AtX
\nebnse¯p¶p F¶v D]\nj¯v hyàam¡p¶p.
Imemán cpt{Zm]\nj¯v kam]n¨p.
 418

I K
1 IpÞn-tIm-]-\n-j¯v 3
im´n-]mTw t]mIm³ Kpcp-hn \n¶v A\p-hmZw In«n-bh - -\p-amb
injys\ B{ian F¶v ]d-bp-¶p. X\n-¡n-W-§nb I\y-
Hmw B]y-b´p aaw-Km\n hmIv {]mW-Ý£p:
Isb hnhmlw Ign¨v bYm-iàn Aáym-[m\w sNbvXv
t{im{XatYm _e an{´n-bmWn N kÀhmWn kÀhw
{_Ò-b-Ú-¯n apgp-In-bn-cn-¡p-I Krl-Øsâ IS-a-bm-
{_tÒm-]-\n-jZw amlw {_Ò \ncm-Ip-cymw. am am
Wv. ]ns¶ ]p{X- ·mÀ¡v [\w hn`-Pn¨p sImSp¯v \m«p-Im-
{_Ò \ncm-I-c-W -a-kvXz-\n-c m-I-cWw ta AkvXp.
cy-§fpw Ahsc GÂ]n¨v h\-¯n t]mIpI. AhnsS
XZmß\n \nctX b D]-\ n-jXv kp [À½mkvtX
]cn-ip-²-Øm-\-¯n k©-cn-¡-Ww. hmbp `£-I-\mtbm
abn-k´p Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
Ing-§pw, Imbpw Xnt¶m icocw kwc-£n-¡-Ww. F{X
Hmw Fsâ AwK-§Ä ]pãnsb {]m]n-¡-tW. hm¡v, {]bmk-ap-­m-bmepw I®oÀ s]mgn-¡-cp-Xv. C{X- bp-am-b-Xp-
{]mW³, t\{Xw, t{im{Xw F¶n-hbpw C{µn-b-§fpw ]pãn sIm- ­p-am{Xw HcmÄ kw\ym-kn-bm-In- Ã. BZyw kqNn-¸n-¨Xv
{]m]n-¡tW. CXv D]-\n-j-Zp-à-am-b{- _-Òa
- m-Wv. Rm³ kmam\y \nb-a-am-W.v k\ymkw AXnepw D]-cn-bmb H¶m-
AXns\ \ncm-I-cn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡-tW. {_Òw Fs¶ ssIsh-Sn- Ip-¶p.
bm-Xn-cn-¡-tW. F\n¡p {_Ò-¯n\pw X½n At`Zy 6. XkvamXv ^e-hn-ip-²mwKo |
_Ôw D­m-Ip-am-dm-I-tW. {_Ò-\n-c-X-\mb F¶n D]-
kw\ymkw kwln-Xm-ß\mw |
\n-j-Zp-à-§-fmb [À½-§Ä \ne-sIm-ÅtW. Hmw im´nx
im´nx im´nx Aán hÀ®w hn\n-jv{Iay |
1. lcn Hmw {_Ò-N-cym-{ita £otW | hm\-{]Øw {]]-ZytX ||
Kpcp ip{iq-jtW cXx | 7. temI-hXv `mcybm f ktàm |
thZm-\-[ o-Xym-\p-ÚmX | h\w KÑXn kwbXx |
DNytX Kpcp-Wm-{iao || kwXràzm kwkrXn kpJ-þ
2. Zmc-am-lrXy kZri | ap\p-Xn-jvTXn Inw ap[m |
aán-am-[mb iànXx | 8. Inwhm ZpxJa-\p-kvar-Xymþ
{_Òo-anãnw bPm¯m | t`mKmw-kvXy-P-Xn-tNm-N-{hn-Xm³ |
kma-tlm-cm-t{XW \nÀh-t]Xv || KÀ`-hm-k-`-bmZv `oXx iotXm-jvWm`yw XssY hN
3. kwhn-`Py kpXm-\Àt° | 9. Kplyw {]th-jv«-an-Ñman ]cw ]Z-a-\m-abw |
{Kmay-Im-am³ hnkrPy N | CXnx kw\y-kym-{Kn-a-]p-\-cm-hÀ¯\w b³ arXyp-
P-b-am-h-lm-ao-Xn. |
k©-c³ h\ amÀt¤W |
ipNu tZti ]cn-{`-a³ || A¡m-cy-¯n\v ^em-t]£ IqSmsX k\ym-kb - p-à-
\mbn Aán-sbbpw hÀ®-s¯bpw XyPn¨v hm\-{]-Øm-
4. hmbp `t£mw f _p`t£m hm |
{iaw kzoI-cn-¡-Ww. km[m-c-W-¡m-sc-t¸mse kv{XokpJw
hnlnssXx Iµp-aq-essIx | temI-kpJw F¶nh shSnªv Im«n sN¶p sN¿p¶
kzi-cotc kam-]ymY | A\p-jvTm- \-§-fm ^e-anà AsÃ- ¦n KÀ`-in-tXm-jvW-t¢-
]rYnhymw \m{i-]m-Z-tbXv || im-Zn-I Ä `b¶v Im«n Ign-bp-¶ -X nepw AÀ°-an-à .
5. kl tXss\h ]pcpjx | bYmÀ° hm\-{]-Ø\pw kw\ym-knbpw Krlw shSn-bp-
¶Xv ]c-a-]-Z-{]m-]X
v n-¡m-W.v ]p\ÀP-·mZn ZpxJ¯n \n¶v
IYw kp\ykvX DNytX |
hnSp-XÂ In«m³ Úm\n arXyp-RvP-b-amb ]c-{_-Òs¯
k \ma-t[tbm bkvanwkvXp | B{i-bn-¡p-¶p.
IYw kw\ykvX DNytX ||
10. AYm-[ym-ß -a-{´m³ Pt]Xv Zo£m-ap-t]-b mXv
thZ-§Ä ]Tn¨v {_Ò-Nc - ym-{iaw Ah-km-\n-¸n-¨-Xn-\p- Imjm-b-hmkmx It£m-]-Ø-tem-am\n hÀP-tbXv
tijw Kpcp-ip-{iqjm \nc-X-\m-bn-hÀ¯n- ¡p-¶-h\pw hn«p DuÀ[z-_m-lpÀhn-apà amÀlt¤m `hXn

N P
 419

I 11. A\n- tI- X - Ý -t cZv `n£m- i m- i o- \ n- Z n- [ ym- k \w 19. \ ta tZtl\ kw_tÔm | K

Z[ym-X v. ]hn{Xw [mc-tb-Ö-´p-k w-c-£ -W mÀ°w tatL-t\h hnlm-bkx |
XZ]n tÇmImx `h-´n.
AXx IptXm ta X²À½m |
A[ymß a{´- §Ä P]n¨p Imjmb hkv{Xw [cn¨pw Pm{KXv kz]v\ kpjp-]vXnjp ||
Zo£ kzoI-cn-t¡-­-Xp-­v. I£w D]Øw F¶n-h-bnse
tcma-§-sfm-gnsI _m¡n tcma-§Ä hSn¨p If-b-Ww. ]pg-bpsS Xoct¯m t£{X-¯nsâ shfn-bntem InS-
DuÀ[z-_m-lp- hmbn tkzÑm-\p-k-cWw k©-cn-¡p-I. Krlw ¡-s«. Bh-iy-an-ÃmsX ico-cs¯ ]oUn-¸n-¡-cp-Xv. Ipfn-
hn«v `n£m¶w sIm­v ]pe-c-Ww. \nZn-[ym-k\w thWw. ¡m\pw IpSn-¡m\pw iuN-¯n\pw ip²-Pew ssIs¡m-Å-
P´p-¡-fn \n¶v kwc-£-W-¯n\v ]hn{Xw [cn-¡-Ww. Ww. kvXpXn-bn kt´m-jn-¡p-Itbm \nµ-bn tIm]n-¡p-
AXns\ kw_-Ôn-¡p¶ tÇmI-§Ä. Itbm Acp-Xv. `n£m-]m-{X-hpw shÅhpw In«p-¶Xv kzoI-
cn- ¡-Ww. C§s\ D¯-a- hr-¯n-tbmsS kw\ymkn P]-X-ev]-
12. IpÞnImw Nakw inIyw |
c-\m-I-Ww. BIm-i- ¯n \n¶v hmbphpw hmbp-hn \n¶v
{Xnhn-ã-]-ap-]m-\lu | tPymXnÊpw tPymXn-Ên \n¶v Pehpw Pe-¯n \n¶v
iotXm-]-Lm-Xn\ow IÙmw | ]rYznbpw C§s\ kÀh-`q-X-§-fnepw hym]-c-¨n-cn-¡p¶
Iu]o-\m-Ñm-Z\w XYm || {_Òs¯ Rm³ {]m]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. AP-chpw Aa-chpw
A£-chpw Ahy-b- hp-amb {_Òs¯ Rm³ {]m]n-¨n-cn-¡p-
13. ]hn-{Xw kv\m\-imSnw N D¯-cm-km-Kta hN |
¶p. AJÞ kpJ-k-ap-{Z-amb F¶n AkwJyw Xnc-am-
AtXm-Xn-cnàw bXv In©nXv | e-IÄ ambm-am-cpX hn{`-a-¯m D­mbn hne-bw-sIm-Åp-
kÀhw XZzmÀP-tb-ZyXnx || ¶p. BIm-i-¯n\v taL-hp-ambn _Ô-an-Ãm-¯-Xp-t]mse
Ia-Þ-ep, ]m{Xw, {Xnhn-ã-]w, sNcn-¸,v XWp¸v XS-bm- ico-cs¯ _m[n- ¡p¶ Pm{KXv kz]v\ kpjp]vXn XpS- §nb
\p-X-Ip¶ XpWn Iu]o\w Ipfn-¡m-\pÅ tXmÀ¯v AwK- {]Xn-`m-k-§-fp- ambn F\n¡v bmsXmcp bmsXmcp _Ôhpw
hkv{Xw C]-sbm- gn-¨p- Å-sXÃmw kw\ymkn ]cn-Xy-Pn-¡- Ww. CÃ.
14. \Zo-]p-fn-\-imbo kymXv | 20. BIm-i-hXv Iev]-hn-Zq-ctKm f lþ
tZhm-Km-tc-jp-_m-lyXx | - tWm f lw |
amZn-Xy-hZv `mky-hn-e£
\mXyÀ°w kpJ ZpxJm`ymw | Blm-c-cy-h-¶nXy hn\n-Ýtem f lþ
ico-c-ap-]-Xm-]-tbXv || awt`m-[n-hXv ]mc-hn-h-ÖntXm f lw ||
15. kv\m\w ]m\w XYm iuN-þ 21. \mcm-btWm f lw \c-Im-´tIm f lw |
aZv`nx ]qXm-`n-cm-Nt- cXv | ]pcm´ tIm f lw ]pcptjm f laoix |
kvXqb-amt\m \ XptjyX | AJ-Þ-t`mt[m f la-ti-j-km£o |
\nµntXm \ it]Xv ]cm³ || \nco-iztcm f lw \nclw N \nÀ½ax ||
16. `n£m-Znssh Zew ]m{Xw | BIm-i-s¯- t¸mse Rm³ Iev]-\m-Xo-X\pw kqcy-s\-
kv\m\-{Zhy ahm-cnXw | t¸mse {]Im-i-apÅ ]ZmÀ°-§-fn \n¶v thdn-«h\pw
]ÀhXXpeyw AN-©-e\pw kap{Zw t]mse A]m-chpw
Ghw hr¯n-ap-]m-kot\m |
BWv Rm³. \mcm-bW - \pw \c-Im-´-I\pw ]pcm-´-I\pw
btX-{µntbm Pt]Xv kZm || ]pcp-j\pw \nco-iz-c\pw \nc-l-¦m-c\pw \nÀ½- a-\p-am-W.v
17. hnizmb a\p-kw-tbmKw | 22. XZ-`ym-tk\ {]mWm-]m\u kwbay
a\km `mh-tbXv kp[ox || X{X tÇmIm `h´n
BIm-imZzm bphÀPm-tbmÀtPy-XnÀ tPymXnj Bt]m, hrj-Wm-]m-\t- bmÀ at[y |
A]v`yx, ]rYn-ho, Gjmw `qXm\mw {_Ò-\-{]-]tZym AP-c- ]mWn BØm-b-kw-{i-tbXv |
a-a-c-£- c-a-hybw {]tZym kwZ-iy-i-\-ssIÀ Pnlzmw |
18. a¿-JÞ kpJmw t`m[u | bh-amt{X hn\nÀ¤Xmw ||
_lp[m hniz-ho-Nbx | 23. amjm-am{Xmw XYm Zrãnw t{imt{X
DXv]-Zyt´ hneo-bt´ | Øm]y-XYm `qhn
ambm-am-cpX hn{`-amXv || {ihtW \mkntI KÔm |
bXx kzw \ N kw{i-tbXv |
N P
 420

I 24. AY ssih-]Zw b{X | km£nsb Krl-[À½-¯n-s\-¶-t]mse \njv{]-tbm-P-\-am-

K
XZv {_Ò {_Ò XXv]cx | bn-¯o-cp¶ PU-i-cocw Pe-¯n ]Xn-¡-s«. Øe-¯nÂ
]Xn-¡-s«. ssNX\y kzcq-]-amb F\n¡v IpSw ImcWw
XZ-`ym-tk\ et`yX |
BIm-i- ¯n\v bmsXmcp hnIr-Xnbpw `hn-¡m-¯-Xp-t]mse
]qÀh-P-·mÀPn-XN - m-ß-\mw || Hcp hnIr-Xnbpw D­m-Ip-¶n- Ã. Rm³ Cu {]m]- ©n-I-X-bnÂ
{]mWm-]m- \-§-sf- ¸än hrj-W-¯n\pw KpZ- ¯n\pw at[y ]än-¸n-Sn-¨-h\
- m-hn-Ã.
c­p ssIIfpw shbv¡-Ww. ]Ãp-IÄsIm­v \m¡v kmh- 29. \njv{Intbm f kva rhn-Imtcm f kva n |
[m\w AaÀ¯n Hcp-bh - {- ]-amWw shfn-bn-te¡v XÅ-Ww. \njvI tem f kvan \ncm-IrXnx |
Zrãn IÀ®-¯nepw ]n¶oSv `qan-bnepw B¡-Ww. A§s\
\nÀhn-IÂt]m f kvan \ntXym f kvan |
sNbvXm sNhn-bn i_vZhpw aq¡n KÔhpw F¯p-
I-bn-Ã. {_Òs¯ [ym\n-¡p-¶-h³ Xs¶-bmWv {_Òw. \ncm-ewt_m f kvan \nÀZzbx ||
Ah³ Xs¶ inh³. ]qÀh-P· ]pWy-¯m a\p-jy\v 30. kÀhm-ßtIm f lw kÀthm f lw |
{_ÒXzw {]m]n-¡m³ Ign-bpw. kÀhm-XotXm f la-Zzbx |
25. kw`q-ssXÀ hmbp kw{im]y | tIh-em-JÞ t_mt[m f lw |
lrZbw X] DNytX | kzm\tµm f lw \nc-´cx ||
DuÀ[zw {]]-ZytX tZlmZv | 31. kztah kÀhXw ]iy³ |
`nXzm aqÀ[m-\-a-hybw || a\y-am\x ka-Zzbw |
26. kztZ-lkv Xp aqÀ[m\w | kzm\-µ-a-\p-`q-RvPmt\m |
tb {]m]y ]camw KXnw | \nc-hn-Ievt]m `hm arlw ||
`qbkvtX \ \nhÀ¯t´ | 32. KÑwk XnjvTp-¶-]-hn-i³ |
]cm-]-c-hntZm P\mx || ibmt\m hm f \rYm]n hm |
27. \ km£oWw km£y-[À½mx kwkv]r-i´n bYvÑbm htk hnZzm |
hne-£Ww
\mßm-cmax kZm ap\nx ||
Ahn-Im-c-ap-{Zm-ko\w |
CXyp-]-\ n-j ¯v
Krl [À½mx {]Zo-]-hXv ||
Rm³ \njv{In-b\pw \nÀhn-Im-c\pw \njvI-f\pw \ncm-
28. Pte hm]n Øte hm]n |
Ir-Xnbpw \nÀhn-I-ev]\pw \nXy\pw \ncm-ew-_-\pw \nÀZz-
IZ-Im-t]yj PUm-ßIx | b\pw kÀhm-ß-I\pw kÀhm-Xo-X\pw AZz-b\pw tIh-em-
\mlw hnent]y X²Àss½Àþ JÞ t_m[\pw kzm\-µ\pw kI-eXpw ImWp-¶-h\pw
LS-[Àss½À \t`m bYm || BWv. kzbw AZz-b-s\¶p a\-Ên-em-¡n kzm\p-`q-Xn-bnÂ
\nÀhn-Iey kzcq-]-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. \S-¡p¶ L«-¯nepw
lrZ-b¯- nsâ Xm]w F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv hmbp-hnsâ Ccn-¡p-t¼mgpw \n¡p-t¼mgpw InS-¡p-t¼mgpw GXp-hn-[-
\mZw D­m-Ip-¶-Xm-Wv. AXv tZlw t`Zn¨p apI-fn-te¡p ¯nepw ap\n-bmb Bßmhv CÑ-b- \p-k- cn¨v Bßm-cm-a-\mbn
t]mbn ic-Ên-se-¯p-¶p. kztZ-l-¯n \n¶pw aqÀ²m- ]c-{_-Ò-kz-cq-]-\mbn hkn-¡p-am-dm-I-s«.
hns\ {]m]n-¡p-I-sb-¶-XmWv ]c-a-K-Xn. AXv {]m]n-¡p-¶
{_Ò-Ú m-\ n-I Ä apà-c m-I p-¶ p. hnNmc iq\y-\ mb IpÞn-tIm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

Q
1 IrjvtWm-]-\n-j¯v 3

im´n ]mTw ]tiy-am-£-`nÀb-P{Xmx Ønssc-cwssKx

Hmw. `{Zw IÀt®`nx irWp-bm-a-tZhm `{Zw kvXpjvSp

N P
 421
I hmwk-kvX-\p-_ nÀhy-tia tZh-lnXw bZmbpx
kzkvXn\ Ct{µm-hr² {ihmx kzkvXn \x ]pjm
hniz thZmx kzkvX n \ kvX mÀt£ym Acnjv S
t\anx kzkvXn t\m _rl kv]XnÀ Z[m-Xp.
Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx.
Hmw. tZh-·m-sc, R§Ä IÀ®-§-fm ip`w {ihn-
¡-s«. I®p-I-fm ip`w ImW-s«, kpZr-V§ - -fmb AwK-
§-fmepw ico-c-¯nepw \n§sf kvXpXn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡m- 7. kvXphtX kXXw bkvXp tkm hXoÀt®
\n-S-h-c-s«. tZh-·mÀ R§Ä¡v \nÝ-bn-¨n-«pÅ BbpÊv
A\p-`h - n-¡m-\n-S-h-c-s«. AXn-IoÀ¯n-bpÅ C{µ³ R§Ä
¡v \· sN¿-s«. kÀh-Ú-\mb ]qjzmhv R§Ä¡v \·
sN¿-s«. A{]-Xn-tcm-[K - X
- n-bmb Kcp-U³ R§Ä¡v \·
sN¿-s«. Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx
1. lcn Hmw. {ioa-lm-hnjvWp k¨n-Zm-\µ e£Ww
cma-N{µw ZrjvSzm kÀhmw-K-kp-µcw ap\tbm h\- 9. tKmIpew h\-ssh-IpWvTw Xm]-km-kvX{X
hm-knt\m hnkvanXm _`qhpx Xw tlm NpÀ t\m
Ah-Zy-a-h-Xm-cm³ ss\z KW-bt´ Benw-Kmtam `h-
´-an-Xn. `hm-´tc IrjvWm-h-Xmtc bqbw tKm]nIm
`qXzm amam-enw-K-Y. At\y tb Ah-Xm-cmkvtX ln
tKm]m \ kv{XoÝ t\m Ipcp. At\ym-\y-hn-{Klw
[mcyw Xhmw-K -kv] Àk-\m-Znl iizXw kv] Àin- jvS-cm-bn. AhÀ At\ym\yw ]dªp: "Ct¸mÄ \mw IrX-
bnXm AkvamIw KrlvWotam Ah-Xm-cm³ hbw.
alm-hn-jvWphpw k¨n-Zm- \-µ- e-£- W\pw kÀhmwKkp-
µ-c-\p-amb cma-N-{µs\ I­v h\-hm-knIfmb ap\n-amÀ
hnkvan-Xc - m-bn-¯oÀ¶p. AhÀ FÃm-hcpw IqSn At±-l-
t¯mSp ]dªp: ""A§-bpsS BÚm-\p-k-cWw R§Ä
`qan- bn P·-sa-Sp-¡m³ Xbm-dm-Wv. F¶m A§v R§Ä
¡v tKm]-·m-cp-sSbpw tKm]n-If - p-sSbpw P·w Xc-tW.
AhnsS A§-bpsS km¶n-[yhpw AwK-kw-kv]Àihpw
e`n¡p-hm-\pÅ Ah-kcw e`n-¨p-sIm-­n-cp-¶m AsXmcp
henb A\p-{K-la - m-bn-cn-¡p¶XmWv.
2. cp{Zm-Zo\mw hNx {ipXzm t{]mhmN `K-hm³ kzbw
AwK-kwKw Icn-jyman `h-ZzmIyw Itcm-aylw
cp{Zm-Zn-I-fmb tZh-·m-cpsS t{]aw \ndª hm¡p-tI«v
`K-hm³ ]dªp: "\n§-fpsS B{Klw \nÝ-b-ambpw \nd-
th-dpw. a\p-jy-P-·-¯n \n§Ä¡v Fsâ AwK-kv]Ài-
¯n\v Ah-kcw e`n-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv.
3. tamZn-Xm-kvtX-kp-cm-kÀth IrX IrXym
[p\m hbw
tbm \µx ]c-am-\tµm btimZm apàn tKln\o
4. ambm km{Xn hn[m t{]màm kXz cmP
kXm-ako
t{]màm N kmXzn Iocpt{Z `tà {_ÒWn
cmPkn
N P
5. Xmako ssZXy ]t£jp ambm t{X[m K
lypZm-lrXm
AtPbm sshjvW-ho-ambm Pt]y\ N
kpXm ]pcm
6. tZhIo {_Ò-]p{Xm km bm thssZ cp] KobtX
\nKtam hkp-tZthm tbm thZmÀ°w
IrjvW cmatbmx
alo-Xte
ht\-hrµm ht\ {IoU³ tKm] tKm]o
kpsscx kl
8. tKmt]ym Kmh EN-kvXky bjvSnIm Ia-em-k\
hwi-kkvXp `K-hm³ cp{Zx irwK-ant{µm k
tKmkpcx
X{XtX
{Zpam tem` t{Im[m-Ztbm ssZXym Ien-Im-e-kvXn-
c-kvIrXmx
tZh-·m-scÃmw `K-hmsâ hm¡p tI«v Gsd k´p-
Ir-Xy-cm-bn.'' XpSÀ¶v AhÀ `K-hmsâ BÚm-\p-hÀ¯n-
I-fm-Im³ Ah-X-cn-¨p. apàn btimZ-bpsS cq]-¯n P\n-
¨p. kmXzn-In, cmP-kn, Xmakn F¶n-§s\ amb aq¶p-hn-
[-am-Wv. cp{Z-\n kmXzn-Io-am-bbpw {_Òm-hn cmP-kn-
am- bbpw ssZXy-·m-cn Xma-ko-am-bbpw tNÀ¶p. Cu aq¶p
hn[-¯n-epÅ amb-bn \n¶pw `n¶-amb sshjvWh - a
- m-
bsb Pbn-¡pI hfsc {]bm-k-am-Wv. {_Ò-a-bn-bmb
sshjvW-hn-am-bsb ]­v {_Òm-hn\p t]mepw Pbn-¡m³
Ign- ª n- Ã . B ambsb tZh- · mÀ kv X pXn- ¡ p- ¶ p.
sshjvWh - o-amb Xs¶-bmav tZh-In-bmbn P\n-¨-Xv. thZ-
§Ä hkp-tZ-h-\mbn Ah-X-cn-¨p. thZ-§-fpsS AÀ°-`q-
X-amb {_Òw Xs¶-bmWv IrjvW\pw _e-cm-a-\p-ambn
P\n-¨-X.v {ioIr-jvWsâ tKm¡fpw tKm]-tKm-]n-If - p-amWv
thZ-§-fnse E¡p-IÄ. hSn-bmbn {_Òmhpw thWphmbn
Ip{Z\pw P\n-¨p. C{µ³ irwK-am-bn-«h - X
- c
- n-¨p. C{]-Imcw
km£m sshIpWvTw Xs¶-bmWv tKmIp-ea - mbn {]Xy-
£-s¸-«-Xv. AhnsS Xm]-k- ·m-cmb alm-ßm-¡Ä hr£-§-
fpsS cq]w [cn-¨p. tem`w t{Im[w XpS-§nb hnIm-c-§Ä
ssZXy-·m-cm-bn-¯oÀ¶p. Cu hnIm-c-§Ä Ien-Im-e-¯nÂ
`K-hmsâ \mtam-¨m-cW am{X-bn Xs¶ \in-¡p-¶p.
10. tKm]-cqt]m lcnx km£mXv ambm hn{K-l[
- m-
cW ZpÀt_m[w IplIw Xky-am-bbm tamlnXw
PKXv
11. ZpÀÖbm km kpssc ksshÀ[rjvSn cqt]m
`th-ZznZx cpt{Zm tb\ IrtXm hwikvX ky amb
PK-XvI Yw
 422
I 12. _ew Ú m\w kpcmWmw ssh tXjmw
Úm\w lrXw £WmXv tij-\mtKm `th-{Zmax
IrjvtWm {_ssÒ-hi - m-izXw
13. AjvSm-hjvS klt{k tZz iXm-[nIyx kv{Xob-
kvXYm EtNm-]\ - n-j-ZkvXm ssh {_Ò cq]mx ENx
kv{Xobx
14. tZzj-Ým-Wq-ca - -tÃmbw hÕtcm apjvSntImx
Pbx
ZÀ¸x Iph-e-bm-]otUm KÀthm c£x JtKm _Ix
15. Zbm km tcmlnWo amXm kXy-`mam [tcXn
ssh ALm-kptcm alm-hym[nx Ienx Iwkx k
`q]Xnx
16.-itam an{Xx kpZam N kXym {Iqtcm-²thm Zax
bx iwJ kx kzbw hnjvWpÀ e£vao cqt]m hyh-
ØnXmx
17. ZpKv[k
- v\o\v[u kap-Xv]¶m taL-tLm-jkvXp
kwkv a rXx ZpKv t ²m Z[nx IrX- k v t X\ `ám-
ImWvtUm Z[n-{Klx
18. {IoUtX _metIm `qXzm Z[n-{Klx ]qÀh-hXv
kpa-tlm-Z[u kwlm-cmÀ°w N i{XqWmw c£-
Wmb N kwØnXx
19. Ir]mÀt° kÀh-`q-Xm\mw tKm]vXmcm [À½
amßPw bXv {kjv S p- a o- i z- t c- W m- k o¯ N{Iw
{_Ò-cq-] -[ r-Iv .
tKm]sâ cq]-¯n eoem-hn-{Kl cq]w [cn-¨n-cn-¡p-
¶-Xv. `K-hm³ lcn Xs¶-bm-Wv. Cu {]]©w ambm-tam-
ln-X-am-Wv. AXn-\m Cuiz-co-b-am-b-bpsS clkyw Adn-
bpI {]bm-k-am-Wv. Fs´-¶m `K-hmsâ amb tZh-
·mÀ¡p Xs¶bpw Adn-bm³ sRcp-¡w. BcpsS ambm-hn-
em-k-¯m {_Òm-hn\v hSn-bmbpw inh\v thWp-hmbpw
P\n-t¡­n h¶p. B `K-hmsâ amb-sb-¸{dn km[m-cW
P\-§Ä F§s\ Adn-bm-\mWv? tZh-·m-cpsS Úm\-
_ew t]mepw {iol-cn-bpsS amb \njv{]-Za - m-¡n. k\m-
X\ {_Òw {ioIr-jvW-s\bpw A\-´³ _e-cm-a\ - mbpw
P\n-¨p. IrjvWsâ ]Xn-\m-dm-bn-c-s¯«p ]Xv\n-amÀ thZ-
¯nse E¡p-Ifpw D]-\n-j- ¯p- I-fp-am-Ip-¶p. IqSmsX {_Ò-
kz-cq-]n-Wn-I-fmb thZ-¯nse E¡pIÄ tKm]n-Ia - m-cmbn
P\n-¨p. NmWq-c-a-ó tZzjhpw apjvSn-I³ aÕ-chpw Iph-
e-bm-]oUw ZÀ¸-hp-am-Wv. BIm-i-Nm-cn-bmb _Im-kp-c³
KÀh-amWv; Zb Xs¶ tcmloWo amXmhv; ]rYzo-am- Xm-hmWv
kXy-`m-a. alm-hym[n ALm-kp-c-\mbpw Iwk-\mbpw P\n-
¨p. iaw kpZm-am-hn-sâbpw kXyw A{Iq-c-sâbpw Zaw D²-
h-cp-sSbpw `mhw tNÀ¶p. iwJw hnjvWp Xs¶-bmWv
e£vanbpsS {`mXm-hm-b -Xp-sIm­v e£va n¡p Xpeyw
Xs¶-bm-W-Xv. {ioIr- jvW³ ]mÂ, ssXcv XpS§nbh \nd¨
IpS-§Ä DS¨v tKmIp-e- ¯n hnl-cn-¨- tÃm. ]m¡-S-ensâ
N P
eoe Xs¶-bm-WX - v. £oc-Z[n {]hm-la
- m-Ip¶ ]m¡-S-
K
en _me-cq-]¯ - n `K-hm³ IrjvW³ ap¼n-e-s¯-
t¸mse {IoUn¨p sIm­n-cn-¡p-¶p. kÖ-\-]-cn-]m-e-\-
¯nepw ZpjvS-\n-{K-l-¯nepw At±lw kam\ `mh-t¯mSv
IqSn apgp-In-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. kI-e-tcbpw A\p-{K-ln-¡m\pw
[À½-kw-c-£-W-¯n-\p-amWv `K-hm³ IrjvW³ temI-
¯n Ah-Xm-c-sa-Sp-¯-X.v ]c-a-in-h³ hnjvWp-hn-\p-th­n
GsXmcp N{Iw \nÀ½n-¨pthm AXp-X-s¶-bmWv {ioIr-
jvWsâ Ic-I-a-e-§-fn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶-X.v B N{Iw {_Ò-
Xp-ey-am-Ip-¶p.
20. P b´ o k w`th m h mbp - Ý - a tc m [ À ½
kwÚnXx bkym-k\ Pze\m `mkx JUvK-cqt]m
atl-izcx
21. Iip- t]m-e q-J - e m- J ymtXm cÖpÀam-X mZnXn
kvXYm N{I iwJw N kwkn²nx _nµp N kÀh
aqÀ[\n
22. bmh´n tZh-cq-]mWn hZ´n hn_p[mx P\mx
\a´n tZh cqt]`yx Gh-amZn \ kwibx
23. KZm N ImenIm km£mXv kÀh i{Xp
\n_ÀlnWo
[\px imÀMw kzambm N icX Imex
kpt`m-P\x
24. A_vP ImWvUw PKXv _oPx-[rXm ]mWu
kzeo-ebm KcptUm hS-`m-WvUocx kpZmam \mc-
tZm ap\nx
25. hrµm `ànx {Iob-_p²nx kÀh P´p {]Im-
in\o Xkv a m- ¶ - ` n¶w \m`n-¶ - a m- `nÀ `nt¶m \
sshhn`px
26. `pam-hp-¯m-cnXw kÀhw sshIpWvT kzÀ¤-hm-
kn\mw kÀh-XoÀ¯ ^ew e`tX b Gh thZ
tZl _Ôm Zznap-NytX CXyp-]\ - n-j¯v lcn Hmw
XXv kXv.
hmbp `K-hm³ ssh Pb´n ame-bpsS cq]hpw [À½w
Nma-c-cq-]hpw ssIs¡m­p atl-iz-c³ DPz-ea - mb JUvK-
¯nsâ cq]hpw Iiy-]³ tKmIp-e- ¯nse Dc-ensâ cq]hpw
kzoI-cn-¨p. kÀh hÀ®-§-fp-sSbpw apI-fn-embn A\p-
kzmcw Ae-¦ m-c-a m-b n-cn-¡ p-¶ -X p-t ]mse kÀthm-] cn
tim`n¡p¶ BImiw `K-hmsâ IqsS-bm-Wv. hmevaoIn
hymk³ XpS-§nb alÀjn-amÀ tZh-·m-cpsS GtX-sXÃmw
cq]- § -s f¸än hÀ®n- ¨ n-« pt­m kÀh {]mWn- I fpw
GsXÃmw cq]- ¯n tZh-·msc \a- kvI-cn-¡p-¶pt­m A§-
s\-bpÅ FÃm tZh-·mcpw {ioIr-jW v sâ tKmIp-e-¯nÂ
hkn-¡p-¶p. `K-hmsâ KZ km£m Imfn kzcq-]a - m-Wv.
AXv kIe i{Xp-¡s - fbpw \in-¸n-¡p-hm³ Ign-hp-äX - m-
Wv. imÀMw F¶ [\p-Ênsâ cq]-¯nepw Ime³ Xs¶-
bm-Wv. AXn sXmSp¯ _mW-¯nsâ cq]-¯nepw ImW-
 423
I s¸-Sp-¶Xv {]]-©-¯nsâ _oP-cq-]-am-Ip¶ Iaew `K-
hmsâ ssII-fn keoew tim`n-¡p-¶p. ZWvUo-c-h-S-hr-
£-¯nsâ cq]w Kcp-U\pw kr`m-am-lsâ cq]w \mc-Z\pw
kzoI-cn-¨p. km£m `àn Xs¶-bmWv hrµ. _p²n
Xs¶ `K-hmsâ {Inbm-ià
- n. C§s\ tKm]-·mÀ tKm]n-
IÄ XpS-§n-b-hÀ FÃmw Xs¶ {ioIr-jvW-\n \n¶pw
1 ssIh- t eym- ] - \ n- j ¯v 3
im´n-]mTw
Hmw kl\m hhXp kl \u `p\àp kl-hocyw
Ic-hm-hssl tXPkzn \mh-[o-X -akvXp am hnZzn-
jm-hssl Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
]c-{_Òw R§Ä c­p-t]-tcbpw c£n-¡-s«. AXv
\s½ c­p-t]-tcbpw ]cn-]m-en-¡-s«. R§Ä c­p-t]cpw
Hcp-an¨v Ign-hp-IÄ t\S-s«. \½psS A[y-b\w tXtPm-a-b-
am-bn-cn-¡-s«. \mw ]c-k]
v cw hntZzjw ]peÀ¯m-Xn-cn-¡-s«.
Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
1. Hmw AYm-izm-em-bt\m `K-h´w
]c-t a-jvT n-\-ap-]-k-ta-tXym-hmN:þ
A[oln `K-h³ {_Ò-hnZymw hcnjvTmw I
kZm kZv`nx tkhy-am\mw \nKqVmw I
bYm f NncmXv kÀh-]m]w hyt]mly I
]cmXv ]cw ]pcpjw bmXn hnZzm³ II
Bizm-em-b-\-a-lÀjn {_Ò hnZy Adn-b-W-sa-¶pÅ
B{K- l-t¯m-Sp-IqSn kanXv ]mWn-bmbn {_Òm-hns\ kao-
]n¨v hn\-bt- ¯mSp IqSn ]dªp: `K-hm-s\, GXp amÀ¤-
¯n IqSn-bmtWm alm-ßm-¡Ä kZm k©- cn¨p sIm­n-
cn- ¡p-¶-Xv, GXp hn[- amtWm hnZzm- ·mÀ ]qÀh-P-·mÀPn- X- amb
]m]-§-fn \n¶p tamNn¨v ]c-{_-Òs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶Xv
tKm]-\o-bhpw AXy´w t{ijvT-hp-amb B {_Ò-hnZy
Zbhp sNbvXv F\n¡v D]-tZ-in¨p Xc-Ww.
2. Xkvssa k tlmhmN ]nXm-alx:þ
{i²m-`àn [ym\-tbm-Km-Z-sshln I
N P
A`n-¶-§-fm-Ip-¶p. B `K-hm³ Xs¶-bmWv kzÀ¤-¯n- K
sebpw sshIp-WvT-¯n-sebpw FÃm tZh-·m-scbpw `qan-
bn Ah- X- cn- ¸n-¨-Xv. CXv icn- bmbn Adn- bp¶ Úm\n¡v
kIe XoÀ°- §- fnepw kv\m\w sNbvXm- epÅ ^ew e`n- ¡pw.
icoc _Ôw hn«v Ah\v apàn-t\-Sm\pw km[n- ¡p- ¶.p
IrjvtWm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
{_Òmhv Aizm-em-b-\-t\mSv ]dªp;þ {i² `àn
[ym\w tbmKw Ch-sIm­v AXv t\Sp-hm³ {ian-¡p-I.
3. \ IÀ½Wm \ {]Pbm [t\\ I
XymK-ss\tI Aar-X-Xz-am-\ipx I
]tcW \mIw \nlnXw Kplmbmw I
hn{`m-PtX bZy-Xtbm hni´n II
[\w sImt­m k´m-\-§Ä sImt­m IÀ½-§Ä
sImt­m B ]c-a-XXzw {Kln- ¡m³ km[y-a-Ã. XymKw am{X-
amWv AXn-\pÅ amÀ¤w. XymK-¯m-emWv {_Ò- Úm-\n-IÄ
]c-a-amb Aar-XXzw {]m]n-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. kzÀ¤-¯n\pw D]-cn-
bmbn ØnXn sN¿p¶ B {_Ò-tem-I-{]m]vXn kwb-an-
IÄ¡pw tbmKn-IÄ¡pw am{Xta e`n-¡q.
4. thZm´ hnÚm-\ -kp-\n-Ýn-XmÀ°mx
k\ym-k-tbm-Km-Zy-Xbx ip²-kXzmx
tX {_Ò-tem-tIjp ]cm-´-Imte
]cm-arXmx ]cn-ap-Ny´n kÀth II
thZm-´m-[ym-b-\-¯m ]c-a-amb hnÚm-\-amÀÖn¨v
{ih-W- a-\\ tbmKm-`ym- km-Zn-I-fm ]c-a-XXz {]m]vXn \nXy-
am-¡n. A´xKcW ip²n hcp¯n {_Ò-tem-I-{]m-]vXn¡v
{]b-Xv\n- ¡p¶ tbmKn-IÄ¡v am{Xw Iev]m´ Ime¯v Aar-
X-Xz-{]m]vXn e`n-¡p-¶p.
5. hnhnà tZti N kpJm-h-\Øx I
ipNnx ka-{Ko-h-iocx icocx I
A´ym-{i-aØx kI-te-{µn-bmWn I
\ncp²ym `àym kzKpcpw {]Way
 424
I 6. lrXv ]pÞ-coIw hncPw hnipµv[w I
hnNn´y at²y hniZw hntimIw I
ANn-´ y-a-hy-à-a-\-´-cq]w I
inhw {]im-´-a-arXw {_Ò-tbm\nw II
7. Xam-Zn-a-[ym-´-hn-lo-\-taIw I
hn`pw hnZm-\-µa - -cq-]-a-Zv`pXw I
Dam-k-lmbw ]c-ta-izcw {]`pw I
{Xntem-N\w \oe-IWvTw {]im´w I
12. k Gh ambm-]-cn-tam-ln-Xmßm I
[ymXzm ap\nÀK-ÑXn `qX-tbm\nw I
ka-kvXk - m£nw Xakx ]c-kvXmXv II
k\ym-km-{i-a-¯n-en-cp¶v kv\m\m-Zn-I-fm ico-c-ip²n
hcp¯n GIm´ Øm\-¯n-cp¶v tbmKn-IÄ Xe Igp¯v
icocw F¶nh t\sc-bm¡n FÃm C{µn-b-§fpw GIm-´-
am¡n {i²-tbmSp `àn-tbmSpw Kpcp-hns\ ]qPn¨v \a-kvI-
cn¨v lrZ-b-¯n \n¶pw ctPm-KpWw AIän ZpxJ timIm-
Zn-IÄ shSnªv hnip- ²- `àn XXzw a\w sN¿p-¶p. C§s\
[ym\-¯m ap\n-amÀ ANn-´y\pw Ahy-à\pw A\´
kzcq-]nbpw Ieym-W-Im-cnbpw AZzn-Xo-b\pw kÀh-hym-
]nbpw Acq-]\pw hne-£-W-{]-im-´m-ar-X-cq-]nbpw {_Ò-
tbm-\nbpw BZn-a-[ym-´-lo-\\pw GI\pw hn`phpw NnZm-\-
µ\pw Acq-]\pw AÛp-X\pw Dam-]-Xnbpw ]c-ta-iz-c\pw
{]`phpw {Xnt\-{X\pw \oe-I-WvT\pw {]im-´\pw kÀh-N-
cm-N-c -\ m-Y \pw kÀh-km-£ nbpw Ahn-Zym-X o-X-\ p-amb
{_Òs¯ [ym\wsIm­p km£m-XvI-cn-¡p-¶p.
8. k {_mÒ k inhx tk{µx I
tkm f £cx ]cax kzcmSv I
k Gh hnjvWpx k {]mWx I
k Imtem f ánx k N{µamx II
9. k Gh kÀhw bZv `qXw I
b¨ `hyw k\m X\w I
ÚmXzm Xw arXyp-a-tXyXn I
\m\yx ]Ùm-hn-ap-àtb II
10. kÀh-`q-X-Ø-a m-ßm\w I
kÀh-`q-Xm\n Nmß\n I
kw]-iy³ {_Ò ]caw I
bmXn \mt\y\ tlXp\m II
{_Òmhv, inh³, C{µ³, A£-c-{_-Òw, {]mW³,
Aán, Ime³, `qXw, `hyw, k\m-X-\w, FÃmw AXp-¯-
s¶-sb¶p a\-Ên-em-¡n- ac-Ws¯ Pbn-¡m³ km[n-¡p-
¶p. AÃmsX tam£-¯ n\v thsd hgnbn- Ã . kÀh-
`qX§fnepw Bßm-hn-s\bpw Bßm-hns\ kÀh-`q-X-§-
fnepw ImWp-¶-h³ ]c-am-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
N P
11. Bßm-\-a-cWnw IrXzm I K
{]mWhw tNm¯-cm-cnWnw I
Úm\-\nÀ½-Y-\m-`ym-kmXv I
]m]w ZlXn ]ÞnXx II
]Þn- X³ A´xIc- Ws¯ Xmsg-bpÅ Ac-Wn- bm¡n
{]W-hs¯ D¯-cm-c-Wn-bm¡n c­pw \nc-´cw aY\w
sN¿p-¶p. XXv^-ea
- mb Úm\m-án-bn FÃm ]m]-§fpw
`kva-am¡n kwkm-c-_-Ô- -ap-à-cm-Ip-¶p.
ico-c-am-Ømb ItcmXn kÀhw I
kv{Xy¶-]m-\mZn hnNn-{X-t`mssKx I
k Gh Pm{KXv ]cn-Xr-]vXt- aXn II
Ah³ Xs¶- ambm-tam-ln-X- Bßm-thmsS ico-c-amWv
FÃm-sa¶p [cn¨v FÃm IÀ½-§fpw sN¿p-¶-p. Ah³
Xs¶ hnj-b-hm-k-\-Ifpw A¶-]m-\m-Zn-kp-J-§-sfbpw
A\p-`-hn¨v Pm{K-Z-h-Ø-bn kwXr-]vX-\m-Ip-¶p.
13. kz]vt\ k Pohx kpJ ZpxJ t`màm I
kam-b-bm-I-ev]n-X-Po-h-temtI I
kpjp-]vXn-Imte kIte hneot\ I
Xtam f `n`qXx kpJ-cq-]-taXn II
AtX a\p-jy³ kzam-bm-I-e] v nX temI¯n imco-cn-
I-kp-JZpxJ§-f\ - p-`h
- n-¡p-¶p. kpjp-]Xv n-bn ambm-{]-]-
©-hn-c -X n-b n Xtam-K pW ]cm-Pn-X -\mbn kpJ-a -\ p-` -
hn¡p-¶p.
14. ]p\Ý P·m-´-c-IÀ½-tbm-KmXv I
k Gh Poh kz]nXn {]_p²x I
]pc-{Xtb PohXn bÝ Pohx I
XkvXp PmXw kIew hnNn{Xw I
B[m-c-am-\-µ-a-J-Þ-t_m[w I
bkvan³ ebw bmXn ]pc-{Xbw N II
]ns¶ P·m-´c IÀ½-tbm-K-¯m Ah³ kpjp-]X v n-
bn \n¶v kz]v\w Pm{K-Z-h-Ø-I-fn-se-¯p-¶p. kq£va-
Ø-qe-Im-c-Wm-ß- Ia - mb aq¶p ico-c-§-fnepw Poh³ B\-
µ-a-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p. ambm-{]-]-©-¯nsâ DÛhw AXnÂ
\n¶p-am-W.v {Xnhn-[-i-co-c-§Ä \in-¡p-t¼mÄ Poh³ ambm-
{]-]©- -¯n \n¶pw apà-\mbn AJ-Þ-amb B\µw
A\p-`- hn-¡ p-¶p.
15. GX-kvam-Ö-btX {]mtWm I
a\x kÀth-{µn-bmWn N I
Jw hmbpÀtPymXn cm]x I
]rYnho hniz-ky-[m-cn-Wo II
 425
I {]mW\pw a\Êpw FÃm C-{µn-b-§fpw CXn \n¶p
DÛ-hn-¡p-¶p. AXn \n¶pw krãn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ ]rYzn-
bmWv BIm-iw, hmbp, Aán, Pew F¶n-h-bpw kÀh-N-
cm-N-c-§-sfbpw [cn-¡p-¶-Xv.
16. bXv]cw {_Ò kÀhmßm I
hniz-kym-b-X\w alXv I
kq£vamXv kq£va-Xcw \nXyw I
X¯z-tah Xztah XXv II
GXp ]c-{_-Ò-amtWm Hcn-¡epw \in-¡m-¯Xv Bsc
kq£vam-Xn-kq-£ va-b-{´-§ Ä¡pw ImWm-\m-Ip¶nÃtbm.
GXv FÃmän\pw B[m-c-am-tWm GXv kÀh-`q-X-§-fp-sSbpw
Bßm-hm- tWm AXp Xs¶-bmWv \o, AXp Xs¶-bmWv \o.
17. Pm{KXv kz]v\-kp-jp-]vXyZn I
{]]©w bXv {]Im-itX I
XZv {_Òm-l-anXn ÚmXzm I
kÀh _ssÔx {]ap-NytX II
Pm{KXv kz]v\w kpjp]vXn F¶o aq¶v Ah-Ø-I-
fnepw Poh³ ImWp¶ Cu ambm-a-b-{]-]©w Rm³ Xs¶-
bm-sW¶pw {_Ò-kz-cq]w Xs¶- bm-sW¶pw a\-Ên-em-¡p-
t¼mÄ AXv kÀh hn[ _Ô-\§ - -fn \n¶pw apà-am-
¡p-¶p.
18. {Xnjp [makp bZv t`mKyw I
t`màm t`mKÝ bZv `thXv I
tXt`ym hne-£Wx km£o I
Nn·t{Xm f lw kZm-inhx
Rm³ Xs¶-bmWv aq¶v Ah-Ø-I-fnepw t`mK-t`m-Ky-
t`m-àr-cq-]-¯n ImW-s¸-Sp-¶Xpw, kZm inh\pw ssNX-
\y-ap-à\pw hne-£-W-km-£n-cq-]\
- pw. kÀhhpw P\n¨v
Pohn¨v acn-¡p¶ {_Ò-kz-cq]w Xs¶-bmWv.
19. at¿h kIew PmXw I
abn kÀhw {]Xn-jvTnXw I
abn kÀh-ebw bmXn I
XZv {_Mvam-Zz-b-a-kvarlw II
FÃmw F¶n P\n-¨p. FÃmw F¶n {]Xn-jT
v n-X- am-
bn-cn-¡p-¶p. FÃmw Ah-km\w F¶n ]ebw {]m]n-¡p-
¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ AZzb {_Ò-amWv Rm³.
20. AtWm-cW- o-bm-\-h-tah XZzXv I
alm-\-lw-hn-iz-alw hnNn{Xw I
]pcm-Xt\m f lw ]pcptjm f laotim I
lnc-×tbm f lw inh-cq-]-akvan II
Rm³ AWp-hnepw AWp-hpw al-¯nepw al-¯p-
N P
amWv. hnNn-{X-amb Cu {]]©w Fsâ kzcq]w Xs¶. K
Rm³ Xs¶- bmWv ]cm-ßmhpw hncmSv ]pcp-j-\pw.
21. A]m-Wn-]mtZm f la-Nn-´ y-iànx I
]iymay f N£px k irtWm-Xy-IÀ®x I
Alw hnPm-\man hnhn-à-cqt]m I
\ NmkvXn th¯m aa-NnXv kZmlw II
22. thssZ-c-t\-ssI-c-l-tah thtZym I
thZm-´-IrXv thZ-hn-tZh Nmlw I
\ ]pWy-]mt] aa \mkvXn \mtim I
\ P· tZtl-{µnb _p²n ckvXn II
23. \ `qan-cmt]m \N hÓn-ckvXn I
\ Nm\ntem ta f kvXn \ Nmw_cw N I
Ghw hnZnXzm ]c-am-ß-cq]w I
Kplm-ibw \njvI-f-a-Zzn-Xobw II
- m£nw kZ-k-Zzn-lo\w I
24. ka-kvXk
{]bmXn ip²w ]c-am-ß-cq]w II
ssIIm-ep-I-fn-Ãm-¯Xpw ANn´y iànbpw Bb ]c-
{_Òw Rm³ Xs¶. NnÕz-cq-]-\mb Fs¶ BÀ¡pw Adn-
bm\pw a\-Ên-em-¡m-\p-am-hn-Ã. _p²n-Iq-SmsX kI-eX - p-a-dn-
bm³, Øqe-IÀ½-§-en-ÃmsX FÃmw tIÄ¡m³, t\{X- an-
ÃmsX kÀhw ImWm³ F\n¡v Ign-hp-­v. Rm³ Xs¶
thZw D]-tZ-in-¡p-¶p. Rm³ Xs¶ thZw krãn-¨p. kÀh-
th-Z-§fpw Fs¶ kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. Rm³ P·-\m-i-§Ä¡-
Xo- X-\m- W.v Fs¶ ]m]-]p-Wy- §Ä kv]Àin- ¡p-¶n-Ã. Rm³
ico-c-a-t\m-_p-²n- IÄ¡-Xo-X-\m-Wv. F\n¡v `qantbm Petam
Aántbm hmbpthm BIm-itam H¶p-an-Ã. C§s\ ambm-
ab {]]-©-§Ä¡- Xo-X- \mbn kÀh-km-£n-bmbn AZzn-Xo-
b-ambn Ic-N-c-W-c-ln-X-ambn _p²n-bpsS tImWn-epÅ ]c-
amß kzcq-]-a-dn-bp-¶-h\v am{Xta ip²-amb Fsâ ]c-am-
ß-kz- cq] km£m-XvImcw kn²n-¡p-Ib - p-Åq.
25. bx iX-cq-{Zn-b-a-[otX kx Aán-]qtXm `h-Xn,
k hmbp-]qtXm `h-Xn, k Bß-]qtXm `h-Xn, k
kpcm- ] m-\ mXv ]qtXm `h-X n, k {_Ò- l - X ymXv
]qtXm `h-Xn, k kphÀ® kvtXbmXv ]qtXm `h-
Xn, k IrXym-Ir-XymXv ]qtXm `h-Xn, Xkvam-Z-hn-ap-
à-am-{intXm `h-Xn, AXym-{iao kÀhZm kIrZzm
Pt]Xv
bmsXm-cp-h³ iX-c p-{Znbw A[y-b\w sN¿p-t¶m
Ah³ Aán, hmbp, Pew, Bßmhv F¶n-h-sb-t¸mse
]cn-ip-²-\m-bn-¯ o-cp-¶p. aZy-]m\ alm-]m-]¯
- n \n¶v
apà-\m-Ip-¶p, {_Ò-l-Xym-]m-]-¯n \n¶p kzÀ®-]-l-c-
W-]m-]-¯n \n¶pw apà-\m-Ip-¶p, Ah³ FÃm ip`m-
ip-`-IÀ½-§-fn \n¶pw ]cn-ip-²-\m-Ip-¶p. `K-hm³ kZm-
in-hsâ Ir]¡v ]m{X-am-Ip-¶p. AXp-sIm­v D²-cn-¡-s¸«
 426

I Poh³ A]-ca X]-kzn-I-sf-t¸mse Ft¸m-gptam Hcp {]mh- Xkvam-tZhw hnZn-ssXz\w I K

iytam A[y-b\w sN¿-Ww. ssIheyw ^e-a-iv\ptX II
26. At\\ Úm\-am-]vt\mXn I AXp-s Im­v am{Xta kwkm-c -km-K-cs¯ XcWw
kwkm-cmÀ®h \mi\w I sN¿m³ km[n-¡p¶ Úm\w t\Sm³ Ign- -bq. A§-s\-
bpÅ Adnhp e`n-¨m tam-£-^ew kn²n-¡p-¶p.
ssIh-teym-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

1 £pcp-tIm-]-\n-j¯v 3

im´n a{´w Xp-t]mse a\Êv _mtly-{µn-b-§-fn \n¶v hymhÀ¯n-

¸n-¡W- w. AXn-\p-tijw kmh-[m-\-¯n ]{´­p am{X
Hmw. kl-\m-h-h-Xp. kl\u `p\àpx kl
tNÀ¶ {]W-h-¯m {_Òm- hn-\m \nÀt±-in-¡-s¸-«n-«pÅ
hocyw Ic-hm-hs- sl. tXP-kzn-\mh [oX-a-kvXp. am
hn[w \h-Zzm-c-§-sfbpw \nb-{´n¨v {]mWm-bmaw sN¿-Ww.
hnZzn-jm-hs
- sl. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
amÀhnSw apJw \s«Ãv Igp¯v lrZbw Ch DbÀ¶ ØnXn-
]c-{_Òw Kpcp-in-jy-·m-cmb R§Ä c­p-t]-scbpw bn-em-bn- cn-¡W
- w.
Hcp-an¨v c£n-¡-s«. Hcp-an¨v R§-Ä PohnXw A\p-`-hn-
5. {]mWm³ kRvPm-c-tbXv Xkvan³ \mkm-`y-´c
¡-s«. Hcp-an¨v R§Ä apt¶-d-s«. R§-fpsS hnZybpw
NmcnWx
_p²nbpw tXtPm-ab - -am-Is
- «. R§Ä Hcm-sfbpw tZzjn-
¡m-\n-Sh- c
- m-Xn-cn-¡s
- «. Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx `qXzm X{Xm-b-X-{]mWx iss\-cp-Ñzmk
apÑm-tkXv
1. £pcnImw kw{]-h£- yman [mcWmw
tbmK-kn-²tb ]ns¶ aq¡n-\-I¯v Nen-¡p¶ {]mWs\ lrZ-b-
¯n [cn-¡-Ww. C§s\ Ipw`Iw \nÀh-ln¨v kmh-[m-
bmw {]m]y \ ]p\ÀP· tbmK-ap-àky
\-¯n tcNIw sN¿-Ww.
\ Pmb-tX.
6. Ønc-amb ZrVw IrXzm AwKp-jvtT\ kam-lnXx
tbmK-kn- ²n-¡mbn [mc-Wm-]q-c-amb £qcn- Isb AXm-
tZz KpÂt^ {]IpÀhoX PwtL ssNh
bXv I¯nsb Rm\n-hnsS hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. AXv a\-Ên-em-
{Xb-kv{Xbx
¡n-bm tbmK-ap-à-\m-bn-«p-Å-h\v ]p\ÀP·w D­m-hp-I-
bn-Ã. 7. Pm\p\o XtYm-cq`ymw tZz\ KptZ\ inivt\\
{XX-b-kv{Xbx
2. thZ-XX - zmÀ° hnlnXw btYmàw l
hmtbm-cm-bX
- \w X{X \m`n-tZ-ti\ kam-{i-tbXv
kzbw-`qhm
\nxi_vZw tZk-am-Ømb X{Xm-k-\-k-a-h- -ØnXx C § s \ C u A `y m k w Ø nch p w Z r V - h p -
am¡n¯oÀ¯-Xn-\p-tijw hfsc {i²-tbmsS Imense
3. IqÀt½m §vKm\oh kwlrXy at\m lrZn
s]cp-hn-c apX c­p IW-¦m-en-t·epw c­v ImÂap-
\ncp[y N
«nepw D]Øw ae- Zzmcw Chn-sSbpw aq¶p {]mWm- bmaw sN¿-
am{Xm ZzmZ-it- bm-tK\ {]W-th\ iss\x iss\x Ww. ]ns¶ hmbp-hnsâ Øm\w \m`n-{]-tZ-i-am-¡-Ww.
4. ]qc-tbXv kÀh-am-ßm\w kÀh-Zzmcw \ncp²y N 8. X{X-\-\mUo kpjpav\m Xp \mUn-`nÀZ-i`- nÀ
Dtcm-ap-J-I-Sn-{Kohw In©nXv lrZ-b-ap-¶-Xw. hrXm
\nÈ-_vZ-amb Ø\-¯n DNn-Xa
- mb B k¯n-en- X{X-\-càm N ]oXm N IrjvWm Xm{am
cp¶v Ba ssI, ImÂ, Xe-IÄ DÅn-tebv¡v hen-¡p-¶- hntem-lnXm
N P
 427

I AhnsS kpjpav\ F¶ \mUn-bp-­v. AXv ]e \mUn- 16. kpjpav\ Xp ]tc eo\m hncPm {_Ò-cq-]nWn K
Ifpw tNÀ¶-Xm-W v. Ah-bn ]eXpw kq£v a§ - fpw CUm XnjvTXn hmta\ ]nwKem Z£n-tW\ Xp
Npa¶pw aª¨pw Idp¯pw sN¼p-\n-d¯
- nepw aäpw DÅ- 17. XtbmÀat[y ]cw Øm\w bkvXn thZ k
Xm-W.v thZ-hnXv
9. AXn-kq£vaw N X·o N ip¢m \mUo\ Zzmk-]¯n kl-{kmWn {]Xn-\m-Uo-jvT\
kam-{i-tbXv tXXx Xnew
X{X k©m-ct- bXv {]mW³ DuÀ®\m 18. OnZytX [ym\-tbm-tK\ kpjp-avss\-
`oh-X-´p\m Im-\-On-ZytX
Ch-bn Gähpw kq£vahpw t\À¯Xpw shfp- tbmK-\nÀae [mtcW £ptc-Wme hÀNkm
¯Xpw Bb-hsb B{i-bn-¡-Ww. F«p-Imen Xsâ he- 19. Otµ-¶m-Uo-iXw [ocx {]`-hm-Znl P·\n
bn-eqsS btYjvSw k©-cn-¡p-¶X - p-t]mse tbmKn Cu PmXn-]p-jv]-kam tbmKo\ bZm hiyXn ssXXew
\mUn-I-fn-eqsS {]mWs\ k©-cn-¸n-¡W - w. 20. Ghw ip`m-kp-ss`À`mhw km \mUoXmw
10. XtXm-\c
- -tàm-ev]m-`mk lrZ-bm-b-X\
- w-\a
- -lXv hn`m-h-tbXv
Zlcw ]pWvU-coIw XXv\t- h-Zm-t´Àjy- XZv`m-hnXm {]]-Zyt´ ]p\ÀP-·-hn-hÀPnXmx
\n-K- ZytX 16. kpjpav\ ]c-XX - z-¯n ebn-¨-Xm-Wv. hnc-P{- _-Ò-am-
AXn-\p- tijw thZm-´-¯n Zl-c-]p-WU v - coIsa¶p Ip-¶p. CU CS¯p hi-¯n-cn-¡p-¶p. ]nwKf he-Xp-h-i-
]d-bp¶ lrZ-b-¯nsâ Npa¶ Xma-c¸ - q-hp-t]mse {]Im- ¯m- W.v
in-¡p¶ B Øm\-ap-­t- Ãm. 17. Cu c­p \mUn-I-fp-sSbpw \Sp¡v DÅ D¯a Øm\w
11,12,13,14,15 XZv ZnXzm IWvT -a m-b mXn Xmw a\-Ên-em-¡-Ww. AXv a\-Ên-em-¡n-b-h³ thZ-Ú-\m-Wv.
\mUow ]qc-tb-ZnXn a\-kkvXp ]cw-Kplyw kpXo- \mUnIsfÃmw IqSn Fgp-]¯ - n-c-­m-bn-ca
- p-­v. ssXXn-e-
sa-¶m-WX - nsâ t]cv. 18, 19. [ym\-tbm-K¯ - m kI-e-\m-
£Ww _p²n- \ nÀ½ew ]mZ-t kym- ] cn b·mÀa
Un-Ifpw tOZn-¡s - ¸-Sp-¶p. kpjpav\ am{Xw tOZn-¡m³
X{Zq]w \ma Nn´-tbXv at\m [mtcW Xnt£-W\
km[y-a-Ã. hoc-]p-cp-j\v Cu P·-¯n Xs¶ Bßm-
tbmK-am-{inXy \nXyix C{µ h{P-anXn t{]màw
hnsâ {]`m-h-¯m Aán- sb-t¸mse tXP- kzn- bmbpw tbmK-
aÀaPw Lm\p-I r-´ \w XXv [ym\-_-e -tbm-tK\
i-àn- bm- Ip¶ I¯n-bm kI- e- \m-Un-I-sfbpw tOZn- ¡m³
[mc- W - ` nÀ\ n- I r - ´ - t bX v DuÀthmÀa[y w Xp
Ign-hp-Å-h-\mbpw Xocmw. ]n¨-I-¸q-hn-s\-t¸mse tbmKn¡v
kwØm]y aÀa- { ]m- W - h n- t am-N \w NXp- c - ` yky
Ft¸mgpw ssXXnew ImWm³ Ignbpw 20. C§s\ ip`m-
tbmtK\ Ontµ-Z-\-`n-i-¦nXx þ XXx IWvTm-´tc
ip-`-`m-h-t¯msS kpjp-a\ v -\m-Unsb [ym\n-¡-Ww. AXnÂ
tbmKo kaqtl \mUn- k - W ytb GtIm- ¯ cw \na-á-\m-b-h\v ]p\ÀP·an-Ã. {_Ò-{]m-]X v n-bp-ap-­m-Ipw.
\mUn-iXw Xmkmw at[y hcm kvarXm
21. XtbmÀ hnPnX Nn¯kvXp \nÈ_vZw
11,12..... AXns\ t`Zn¨v hmbp B \mUnsb \nd¨v tZiam ØnXx
IWvT-¯n-se-¯p-¶p. AXn-\m tbmKn¡v _p²n-]-c-ambn \nxkw-K¯
- z-kw-Kt- bm-KtÚm \nc-t]£x
\nÀ½-ehpw AXn Xo£vWh - p-amb a\-Êm-Ip¶ I¯n-sb- iss\x iss\x
Sp¯p Imensâ apI-fn a[y- `m-K¯v \ne-sIm-Åp¶ \maw,
22. ]mim³ OnXzm bYm lwtkm \nÀhn-i¦
cq]w Ch apdn¨v If-b-Ww. A§-s\-bpÅ Xo£vWa - \
- -
JapXv {ItaXv
Ên-\m \nXyhpw tbmKw A`y-kn-¡-Ww.
On¶-]m-ik- vX-Ym-Pohx kwkmcw XctX kZm
13. ]n¶oSv C{µ-h{Pw F¶p t]cp- ÅXpw IW-¦m- enepÅXp- 23. bYm \nÀhmW Imte Xp Zot]m ZKv[zm ebw
amb Øm\s¯ [ym\-tbm-K-¯n-sâbpw [mc-W-bp-sSbpw {]tPXv
_e-¯m apdn-¡-Ww.
XYm \kÀhm-Wn-\I - Àam-Wn\ tbmKo
14. ]ns¶ c­p XpS-I-fp-sSbpw \Sp¡v {]mWs\ Øm]n¨v ZKv[zm\ ebw {htPXv
AXns\ aÀ½-`m-K¯- n sIm­m-¡W - w. \mep-{]m-hiyw 24. {]mWm-bm-akp Xn£-tW\ am{Xm [mcW
tbmKm-`ymkw sNbvXv i¦-sbt\y aÀ½-`mKw apdn-¡-Ww. tbmK-hnXv
15. ]ns¶ tbmKn IWvT-¯nsâ DÅn \mUn-Isf GIo- sshcm-tKym-]e
- -Lr-jvtS\ OnXzm X´pw
I-cn-¡p-¶p. AhnsS \qän-sbm¶v \mUn-I-fp-­v. _[ytX

N P
 428
I 25. Aar-XX- zw\ kam-]vt\m-Xn-\-bZm ImamXv
{]ap-NytX
kÀth-jWm hn\nÀap-à-OnXzm Xw\vXpw
_[y-tX-C-Xyp-]-\n-jXv
21. X]-Ên-\m bmsXm-cmÄ Nn¯s¯ Pbn-¨p, AbmÄ
i_vZ-c-ln-Xa
- mb GIm´ {]tZ-i¯v Ccp¶v \nÊw-K\
- mbn
tbmKw A`y-kn-¡-Ww. ]Xp-s¡-¸-Xps¡ \nc-t]-£-\p-am-
bn-¯o-c-Ww.
22. lwkw F§s\ iMy-sbt\y BIm-i¯ - n ]d-¡p-
¶p, AXp-t]mse Cu A`ym-k-¯m FÃm _Ô-\-§fpw
apdn¨v _Ô-\a- p-à-\mbn kwkmcw XcWw sN¿m\pw
km[n-¡pw.
23. hnf¡p sI«p Ign-bp-t¼mÄ AXnse F®bpw I¯n
1 KW-]-Xyp-]-\n-j¯v
im´n]mTw
Hmw. `{Zw IÀt®`nx irWpbmatZhm `{Zw
]iyam£`ncyP{Xmx ØnssccwssKx kvX pjvSp
hmw kkv X \q`nÀ hytia tZhlnXw bZmbpx
k zk v X n\ C t{µ m h r ² {i h mx k zk v X n\ x
]qjmhnizthZmx kzkvX n\kvXmÀt£ym AcnjvS
t\anx kzkvX nt\m_rlkv]XnÀZ[mXp.
Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
tZh·msc, R§Ä ImXpIfm ip`w {ihn¡pamdm-
Is«. I®pIÄ sIm­v awKf ZÀin¡s«. _enjvT§fmb
AwK§fm \n§sf kvXpXn¡m\nShcs«. A§s\
tZh·mÀ R§Ä¡v \nÝbn¨n«pff BbpÊp apgph\pw
R§Ä A\p`hn¡s«. IoÀ¯nam\mb C{µ³ R§Ä¡v
awKfacpfs« kÀhPvR\mb ]qj R§fÄ¡v awKfw
{]Zm\w sN¿s«. A{]Xntcm[yKXnbmb KcpU³ R§Ä-
¡v awKfw Xcs«. _rlkv] Xn R§Ä¡v \·ssI-
hcp¯s«.
Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
1. lcn Hmw \akv t X KW]Xmtb Xztah
{]Xy£w X¯zakn. Xztah tIhew IÀ¯mkn.
N P
\in-¡p-¶p. AXp-t]mse Imcy-§-sfÃmw \nÀh-ln¨p Ign-
K
bp-t¼mÄ hyàn-{_-Ò-¯n hnebw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
24. {]mWm-bm-a-¯n Xo£vW-am-bn-¯oÀ¶ Hm¦m-c-cq-]-amb
hmbv¯e- bm sshcm- Ky- am-Ip¶ IÃn Dc¨v aqÀ¨ Iq«nb
a\-Ên-\mÂ
kwkm-c-am- Ip¶ kq{Xw apdn¨v tbmK- th-¯m-hmb a\p-
jy\v ]n¶oSv _Ô-\¯ - n s]Sm-\n-Sh - c- m¯ Ah-Ø-
bp-­m-Ip-¶p.
25. Ft¸mÄ Ah³ Ima-\-If - n \n¶v apà-\m-Ip-¶p.
Gj-Wm-c-ln-X\ - m-Ip-¶p. Ft¸mÄ Aar-XXzw {]m]n-¡p-
¶p. C§s\ kwkm-cs¯ tOZn¨v AbmÄ _Ô-\c - -ln-
X-\m-Ip-¶p. Ima-cl- n-X-\-ambn `hn-¡p-¶p.
£pcn-tIm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
3
Xztah tIhew [À¯mkn. Xztah tIhew
lÀ¯mkn. Xztah kÀhw JeznZw {_Òmkn. Xzw
km£m Zmßmkn. \nXyw EXw, hNvan, kXyw,
hNvan.
lcn Hmw `Khm³ KW]Xn¡v \akvImcw. A§pX
s¶bmWv IÀ¯mhpw [À¯mhpw IÀ¯mhpw A§pXs¶
bmWv \nXy\pw Bß kzcq]\pw Rm³ EXw ]dbp¶p.
2. Ah Xzw amw, Ah hàmcw Ah t{imXmcw.
AhZmXmcw, Ah[mXmcw, Ahm\pNm\ahin
jyw, Ah ]Ým¯mXv, Ah ]pckvXmXv, Ah
tNm¯cm\¯mXv , Ah Z£nWm¯mXv Ah
tNmÀ[zm¯mXv, Ahm[cm¯mXv, kÀhtXm amw
]mln, ]mln ka´mXv.
A§v Fs¶ c£n¨mepw hàmhns\ c£n¨mepw
t{imXmhns\ ZmXmhns\bpw [mXphns\bpw A\qNm\
s\bpw injys\bpw c£n¨mepw ]Ýna `mK¯p\n¶pw
]qÀh`mK¯p\n¶pw D¯c `mK¯p\n¶pw Fs¶
c£n¡pI. apIfn \n¶pw Xmsg\n¶pw Fs¶ c£n
¡pI. FÃm `mK¯p\n¶pw Fs¶ c£n¡pI.
 429
I 3. Xzw hmMvabkvXzw Nn·bx Xzam\µabkvXzw
{_Òabx Xzw k¨nZm\µmZznXotbm f kn Xzw
{]Xy£w {_Òmko. Xzw Úm\atbm hnÚm\
atbm fkn.
A§v hmMvab\pw Nn·b\pw B\µab\pw BWv.
A§v {_Òabhpw k¨nZm\µkzcq]hpw GI\pw AZzn
Xob\pamWv. A§pXs¶bmWv Úm\hnÚm\ab\pw
{]Xy£amb {_Òhpw.
4. kÀhw PKZnZw Xzt¯m PmbtX kÀhw
PKZnZw Xz¯kvXnjvTXn. kÀÆw CKZnZw Xzbn
{]tXyXnx Xzw `qancmt]f\temf\ntem \`xXzyp
NXzmcn hmIv ]Zm\nx Xzw KpW{XbmXoXx Xzw
I me { X bmX oX x X zw tZ l {X bmX oX x X zw
aqe m [ mcØ nt X m fk n \ n X y w. X zw i à n-
{XbmßIx Xzx tbmKnt\m[ymb´n \nXyw Xzw
{_Òm, Xzw hnjv W pkvX zw cp{ZkvX an{µkv X a
ánkvXzw hmbpkvXzw kqcykvXzw N{µamkvXzw.
{_Ò`qÀ`qhkphtcmw.
Cu PKt¯mÃmw A§n \n¶p­mIp¶p. temI
saÃmw A§n ØnXn sN¿p¶p. Cu temIw A§nÂ
hnebw {]m]n¡p¶p. kIetemIhpw A§pXs¶ A§p
]rYnbpw, Pehpw, Aánbpw, hmbphpw, BImihpw
BWv. \mep hmIv]Z§fpw A§mWv. A§v KpW{Xbm
XoX\mWv; Ime{XbmXoX\mWv; Ime{XbmXoX\mWv .
tZl{XbmXoX\mWv F¶pw A§v aqem[mcØnX\mbn
`hn¡p¶p. A§v iàn{XbmßI\mWv.tbmKnIÄ \nXyw
A§sb [ym\n¡p¶p. A§v {_Òmhpw, hnjvWphpw,
cp{Z\pw, C{µ\pw, Aánbpw, hmbphpw, kqcy\pw,
N{µ\pamWv. `px`phx kzx cq]¯nepff ap¶p temIhpw
Hm¦mckzcq]amb ]c{_Òhpw A§mIp¶p.
5. KWmZnw ]qÀh ap¨mcy hÀ®mZnw XZ\´cw
A\pkzmcNx ]cXc AÀt²µpeknXw XYm
XmtcWbpàtaXtZh a\pkzcq]w.
BZy "K' F¶p¨cn¨v "A' F¶p¨cn¡Ww. AXn\p
tijw A\pkzmcw D¨cn¡Ww. C{]Imcw A\pkzmc
¯m AewIrXamb "Kw' Xs¶bmWv A§bpsS _oPa
{´kzcq]w. Fs´¶m AÀ²N{µ cq]¯n Hmw Imcw
AhcpÀ²amWtÃm.
6. K I mc x ] qÀ h c q] w A I mtc ma[ y ac q] w
A\pkzmcÝm´ycq]w _nµpcp¯ccq]w. \mZx
kÔm\w kwlnXm kÔnx sskjm KtWio
hnZym KWI Ejnx \nNrZvKmb{XoOµx {ioalm
KW]XnÀ tZhXm Hmw KwKW]Xmtb \a GI
Z´mb hnZvatl h{IXpWvUmb [oaln. Xt¶m
Z´o {]tNmZbmXv.
N P
KImcw ]qÀhcq]hpw AImcw a[yacq]hpw A\pK
kzmcw A´ycq]hpw _nµp D¯ccq]hpamIp¶p. \mZw
kÔm\hpw kwlnX kÔnbpamIp¶p. CXmWv KtWi
hnZyp. CXnsâ Ejn KWI\pw OµÊv \nNrZvKmb{Xnbpw
tZhX almKW]XnbpamWv. Hmw KW]Xmtb \a
GIZ´mb hnZvatl h{IXpWvUs\ R§Ä [ym\n
¡p¶p. KPm\\³ \ap¡v t{]cWbm \ÂIs« CXmWv
KtWi Kmb{Xn.
7. GIZ´w NXpÀlkvXw ]mia¦pi [mcnWw
A`bw hcZw lkvssXÀ _n{ZmWw
aqjI [zPw
8. càw ewt_mZcw iqÀ¸kpIÀ®w
càhm kkw
càKÔm\pen]vXmwKwcà]pjv ss]x
kp]qPnXw
`àm\pI¼n\w tZhw PKXv ImcWaNypXw
BhnÀ`qXw N krjvSymZu {]IrtXx
]pcpjmXv]cw
Ghw [ymbXn tbm \nXyw k tbmKotbm
Kn\mw hc.
GIZ´\pw, NXpÀlkvX\p, ]mim¦pi[mcnbpw,
lkvX§fn A`bhcap{Z [cn¨h\pw, ewt_mZc\pw,
càhÀ®\pw, aqjI [zP´apdw t]mse henb sNhnbp-
ffh\pw, càmw_c[mcnbpw, càNµ\w ]qinbh\pw,
cà]pjv]§fm AewIrX\pw, `àm\pI¼nbpw,
hniz¯n\v ImcW`qX\pw, \miclnX\pw krjvSn¡s«.
Bcw`¯n Xs¶ D­mbh\pw {]IrXn]pcpjmXoX\pw
Bb {ioKtWis\ \nXyw Nn´n¡p¶ tbmKn kÀhtbm
KnIfnepw sh¨v t{ijvT\mbn¯ocp¶p.
10. Xtam hmX]Xtb \tam KW]Xtb \tam
KW]Xtb \ax
{]Ya]Xtb \akvtXkvXp
ewt_m Zcm ssbIZ´mb hnLv\ hn\mint\
inhkpXmb {iohcZaqÀ¯tb \tam \ax
hmX]Xn¡v \akvImcw KW]Xn¡v \akvI mcw
{]Ya ]Xn¡v \akvImcw. ewt_mZc\v \akvI mcw
GIZ´ v \ak v I mcw hcZaqÀ¯ nbmb KtWi\v
\akvImcw. inh]p{X\v \akvImcw. hcZaqÀ¯n¡v
\akvImcw.
11. GXZYÀhintcm tbm [otX k {_Ò`qbmb
I ev] tX .kk À h h nL vs s\ . \ _m[ ytX
kkÀhXx kpJta[tX k]©alm ]mXtIm]
]mXImXv {]apNytX. kmba[obmt\m cm{Xn
IrXw ]m]w \miXn. kmbw {]mXx {]bpRvPmt\,
A]mt]m `hXn. [À½mÀ° Imatam£w N hnµXn.
 430
I AYÀh incÊmWnXv. CXv A[ymb\w sN¿p¶h³
{_Ò {]m]vXn¡v A[nImcnbmIp¶p.Ah\v bmsXmcp
hn[ambn hnLv\hpw _m[IaÃ. Ah³ kÀh{X kpJn
bmIp¶p. ]©alm]mXI§fn \n¶pw D]]mXI§
fn \n¶pw Ah³ apà\mIp¶p. sshIn«v CXv A[yb
\w sNbvXm ]Ies¯ ]m]w Xocpw. {]`mX¯nÂ
sNmÃnbm cm{Xn sNbvX ]m]w \in¡pw {]`mX¯nepw
kÔy¡pw P]n¨m ]m] clnX\mIpw CXp sNmÃp
¶hÀ¡p [À½mÀ°Imatam£§Ä \mepw e`n¡p¶p.
12. CZ aYÀhioÀjainjymb \ tZbw tbm bZn
tamlmXv ZmkyXn kx]m]obm³ `hXnx
injy\Ãm¯h\v Cu AYÀhintcm a{´w Zm\w
sN¿cpXv. D¯a injyt\ sImSp¡mhq. tamlmthi
¯m A§s\ sN¿p¶h³ ]m]nbmbn¯ocp¶p.
13. kl{kmhÀ¯\mZyw bw Imaa[otX Xw
Xat\\ km[tbXv At\\ KW]Xna`njn©Xn
k hmÜo `hXn, NXpÀ°yma\iv\³ P]Xn k
hnZymhm³ `hXn. CXyYÀ°yma\iv\ ³ P]Xn
k h n Z y mh m³ `h X n. C X y Y À h W h mI y w
{_ÒmZym NcWw hnZymXv. \ _nt`Xn IZmNt\.
tbmZqÀhm¦psscÀbPXn kssh{ihtWm]tam
`hXn. tbmemssPÀbPXn k btimhm³ `hXn.
kta[mhm³ `hXn. tbm tamZI kl t{kW
bP X n k hmÝ nX X ^ e h mh m] v t \ mX n bx
kmPykanZ v ` nbPXn kkÀhwe`tX. kÀhw
1 Kcp-tUm-]-\n-j¯v
im´n- ] mTw
Hmw. `{Zw IÀt®`nx irW-bma tZhm `{Zw-]-
tiy- a m- £ - ` nÀcy P{Xmx Ønssc- c w- s sKkv X p
jvSphmwk kvX\q-`nÀhy-tia tZh-lnXw bZmbpx
kzkvXn \ Ct{µm hr²-{ihmx kzkvXn \x ]qjm
hniz-thZmx kzkvXn-\k - vXmÀt£ym Acn-jvS-t\anx
kzkvXnt\m _rl-kv]-XnÀZ [mXp. Hmw. im´nx
im´nx im´nx
tZh-·m-sc, R§Ä ImXp-IÄsIm­v ip`w tIÄ¡p-
N P
e`tX AjvT \ {_mÒW³ karKv{KmlbnXzm K
kqcyhˬkzn `hXn kqcy{KtlW alm\Zymw
{]Xnam k¶n[u hm P]vXzmkn²at{´ `hXnx
almtZmjXv {]apNytX. kÀhhnZv`hXn. kkÀ
hhnZv `hXn. bGhwthtZXy]\njXv. lcn Hmw
XXv kXv.
Bbncw Dcp Cu a{´w P]n¡p¶ ]£w kIe
B{Kl§fpw km[n¡p¶p. Cu a{´¯m KW]Xn¡v
A`ntjIw sNbvXm Ah³ hmánbmIpw, NXpÀ°o
Z nh k w D ]k h k n¨ v C u a {´ w P ] n¡ p ¶h ³
]WvUnX\mIpsa¶v AYÀhWap\n ]dbp¶p. Cu a{´w
P]n¨v X]Êv sNbvXm Ah\v `bap­mInÃ. IdpI
sIm­v CXp]tbmKn¨v KW]Xn¡v bÚw sN¿p¶h³
Ipt_cs\m¸w [\hm\mIpw em£sIm­v bmKw
sNbvXm bikznbmIpw. Bbncw tamZIw sIm­v tlmaw
\S¯nbm B{Kln¨ Imcyw km[n¡pw. s\¿pw
NaXbpw sIm­mbm kIekn²nbpw D­mIpw F«p
{_mÒWsc Cu a{´w bYmh[n ]Tn¸n¨m Ah³
kqcyXpeyw tXPkznbmcpw. kqcy{KlW L«¯nÂ
GsX¦nepw alm\ZnbpsStbm, hn{Kl¯nsâtbm
ASp¯ncp¶v Cu a{´w P]n¨m a{´kn²n ssIh
cp¶p. C §s\ A \pj v T n¡ p¶ km[I³ F Ãm
hnLv \ §fn \n¶pw hnapà \mIp¶p. C§ s\
Adnbp¶h³ kÀhPvR\mIp¶p. C§s\ D]\nj¯v.
KW]tXym]\nj¯v kam]n¨p.
3
am-dm-I-tW. I®p-IÄ sIm­v awK-fa - m-b-Xp-Im-Wp-hm-\n-S-
h-c-tW. _en-jvT-§-fmb AwK-§Ä sIm­v \n§sf
kvXpXn¨p sIm­v tZh-·mÀ R§Ä¡v \nÝ-bn-¨n-«pÅ
BbpÊv A\p-`-hn-¡m-\n-S-bm-ItW. AXn-IoÀ¯n-am-\mb
C{µ³ R§Ä¡v \· sN¿-tW. kÀh-Ú-\mb ]pjmhv
R§Ä¡v \· sN¿- t W. kÀh-Ú -\ mb ]pjmhv
R§Ä¡v \· sN¿- t W. kÀh-Ú -\ mb ]pjmhv
R§Ä¡v awK-f-a-cp-ft- W. A{]-Xn-tcm-[-K-Xn-bmb Kcp-U³
R§Ä¡v awKfw {]Zm\w sN¿-tW. Hmw. im´nx im´nx
im´nx
 431
I 1. lcn Hmw. Kcp-U-{_Ò hnZymw {]h-£ym-an. bmw|
{_Òm hnZymw \mc-Zmb t{]mhm-N. \mctZm |
_rl-Zvtk-\mb _rlZv tk\x C{µmb Ct{µm
`c-Zzm-Pmb `c-ZzmtPm Poh-XvIm-ta`yx intjy `yx
{]mb-ÑXv!! Akymw {io alm-K-cpU {_Ò-hnþ
Zymbmx {_Òm Ejnx Kmb{Xo Oµ {io`-K-hm³ |
alm-K-cptUm tZh-Xm. {io alm-K-cpU
{]nXyÀt° |
aa kIe hnj-hn-\m-i-\mÀt° Pt] hn\n-tbmKx
Hmw \tam `K-htX AwKp-jvTm`ymw \ax |
{io alm Kcp-Umb XÀÖ-\o`ymw kzmlw
]£o-{µmb |
a[y-amw`ymw hjvSv, {io hnjvWp hÃ-`mb
A\man Im`ymw |
lpw, ss{Xtem-Iy-]-cn-]q-Pn-Xmb I\n-jvTn-Im`ymw|
hujvSv. D{K-`b- -¦c
- -Im-em-\e - -Ic |
- -cq-]mb Ic-Xe
]rjvTm-`ymw-^-Sv. Ghw lrZ-bm-Zn-\ymkx |
ZpÀ`p-hk- ztcm anXn ZnKv_Ôx
lcn Hmw. Kcp-Us\ kw_-Ôn-¡p¶ {_Ò hnZy
]d-bmw. Cu hnZy {_Òmhv \mc-Z-\pw, \mc-Z³ _rlXv
tk\-\pw, _rlXv tk\³ C{µ-\pw, C{µ³ `c-Zzm-P\ - pw,
`c-Zzm-P³ Poh-XvIm-am-injy·mÀ¡pw D]-tZ-in¨p sImSp-
¯p. Cu alm-Kc - pU {_Ò hnZy-bpsS Ejn {_Òmhpw
OµÊv Kmb-{Xn-bp-am-Ip-¶p. tZhX {io`-K-hm³ alm-Kc
- p-
U³, Kcp-Us\ {]oXn-¡p-¶-Xn\v Fsâ kIe hn[ hni-
\m-i-¯n-\mbpw P]n-¡m\pw hn\n-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶p.
Xmsg Fgp-Xn-bn-«pÅ a{´-§Ä sIm­p AwK-\ym-
k\w sN¿-Ww.
Hmw \tam `K-htX ........ AwKp-jvTmb \ax
{ioa-lm-K-cp-Umb ............. XÀP-\o`ymw kzmlm.
]£o{µm ............ a[y-am`ymw hj-Sv.
{iohn-jvWp-h-Ã`- mb ....... A\m-an-Im-`ymw-lpw.
ss{Xtem-Iy-]-cn-]q-Pn-Xmb .... I\n-jvTn-Im`ymw
huj-Sv.
D{K-`b
- -¦c Imem-\e cq]mbx .......... Ic-Xe Ic-
]r-jvTm`ymw ^Sv
CtX {]Imcw lrZbw incÊv inJ IhNw t\{Xw
F¶n-h-bm \ymkw sNbvXv hujSv sN¿-Ww. `qÀ`q-h-
kztcmw sIm­v ZnKv_Ô
- -\hpw sN¿-Ww.
[ym\w
1. kzkvXntIm Z£nWw ]mZw hma ]mZw Xp
Ip©nXw |
{]mRvP-eo-Ir-Xt- ZmÀbpÜw KcpUw lcn hÃ`w
N P
2. A\t´m hma IStIm bÚ-kq{Xw Xp K
hmkpInx |
X£Ix ISn-kq{X Xp lmcx ImÀt¡mS DNytX
3. ]Zvtam Z£nW IÀt® Xp alm-]-ZkvXp
hmatI |
iwJx incx {]tZ-iXp Kpfn-IkvXp `pPm-´tc
4. {]uU-Im-fn-I\ - m-Km`ymw Nma-cm`yw kpho-PnXw|
Gem-]p-XvI\ - m-KmssZyx tkhy am\w apZm-\znXw
5. I]n-em£w Kpcp-ß´w kphÀ® kZri {]`w |
ZoÀL-_mlpw _rlXv kvIÔw \m`m-cW
`qjnXw
6. BPm-\pXx kph˨m-`-am-IWvtTm kvXpln\x
{]Zw |
Ip¦p-am-cpW amIWvTw iX-N-{µ-\n-`m-\\w
7. \oem-{K-\m-knIm ]{àw kap-l¨ - mcp
IpWvUew |
ZwjvS m-Ic
- m-f-h-Z\w Inco-Sa
- -Ip-tSm-Özew
8. Ip¦p-am-cpW kÀhmwKw Itµ-µp-[h - m-\µw |
- f
hnjvWp-hm-l\ akvXp`yw t£aw Ipcp kZm-aa
apI-fn sImSp¯ [ym\-tÇm-I-§Ä Kcp-Us\ [ym\n-
¨p-sIm­v {i²-tbmsS sNmtÃ-­-Xm-W.v
9. Ghw [ymtbXv {Xnk-Ôymkp KcpUw
\mK-`q-jWw |
hnjw \mi-btX io{Lw Xpe-cm-in-an-hm-\ex
C§s\ aq¶p kÔyIfnepw KW `qj-W-\mb Kcp-
Us\ [ym\n-¡p-I. Aán-]-ªn-s¡-«n-s\-sb¶ t]mse
AXv kÀh hnj-§-tfbpw ian-¸n-¡pw.
a{´w
Hmw \tam `KhtX {ioa-lm-Kc - p-Umb ]£o-
{µmb hnjvWp-hà - -`mb ss{Xtem-Iy-]-cn-]q-Pn-Xmb
D{K - ` - b - ¦ c I me m- \ - e - c q- ] mb h {P - \ - J mb
h{PXpWvUmb, h{P-Z´ - m-b, h{P-Zw-jv{Sm-b, h{P-
]p- Ñ m- b , h{P- ] - £ m- e - £ n- X - i - c o- c mb Hmao- t I-
tlyln {ioa lmK-cpUm {]Xn-im-k\ - m-kvan-¶m-hn-
i. hni-Zp-jvSm\mw hnjw Zqjb Zqjb kv]rjvSm-
\mw. \mib \mi-b, Zµ iq Im¶w hnjw Xmcb
Xmc-b. {]eo\w hnjw {]Wm-i-b, {]Wm-ib - , kÀh-
hnjw \mi-bm, \mi-bm, l\, l\, Zl Zl, ]N
]N `kvao-Ipcp `kvao-Ip-cp, lpw ^Sv, kzmlm. N{µ-
a-WvU-ek - m-MI - m-i, kqcy-a-WvUe apjvSnI ]rYzo
aWv Ue ip{`mwK {ioa-lm-K-c p-Umb hnjw lc
lc lpw ^Sv kzmlm, Hmw £n]-kzmlm Hmw. kN-
cXn kN-cXn XXvImcn aXvImcn hnjmWmw {]hn-
j-cq-]nWn hnj-Zq-jnWn hnjtimjnWn, hnj-\m-
 432
I in-\n, hnj-lm-cn-Wn, lXw hnjw \j-ASw hnj-
a´x {]eo\w hnjw {]\jvTw hnjw lXw tX
{_ÒWm hnjw lX-an-{µky ht{ZW kzmlm.
Hmw \tam `K-htX alm-K -cp-Um-b. hnjvW p-
hm-l\ - mb ss{XtemIy ]cn-]q-Pn-Xm-b, h{P-\J
- h
- -
{P-Xp-WvUmb h{P-]£- m-ew-IrX ico-cmb Gtjy-
ln, alm-K-cp-U-hnjw OnÔn, ÑnÔn, Bth-i-bm-
th-ib lpw ^Sv kzmlm. kp]Àt®mkn Kcp-Um-
ß³ {Xnhrt¯ intcm- K m- b{Xw N£p-k vt Xma
Bßm kmatX X\qÀ hma-tZhyw _rl-{Z-Ym-´tc
]£u bÚm-b-Únbw ]pÑw, Oµmw-kym-Km-\n,
[mjvWnbm i^m bPpwjn \ma; kp]Àt®m kn
Kcp-ßm³Zn-hw, KÑ-kphx ]X Hmaow, {_Ò hnZym-
a-am-hm-kybmw ]uÀW-am-kym. ]ptcm-hm-N. kN-cXn
kN-cXn XXvImco aXvImco hnj-\m-in-\o, hnj-Zq-
jn-Wo, hnj-lm-cn-Wo, lXw hnjw \jvSw hnjw
{]\jvSw hnjw lX-an-{µky ht{P-W hnjw lXw
tX {_ÒWm hnj-an-{µky ht{PW kzmlm.
XX-kv{Xbw bZy-\´ IZq-tXm kn
bZn-hm\ ´Ix |
kzbw kN-cXn kN-cXn XXv Imco-a-XvImco |
hnj-\m-in\n hnj-Zq-jnWo lXw hnjw \jvSw |
hnjw lX-an-{µky ht{PW hnjw lXw tX |
{_ÒWm hnj-an-{µky ht{PW kzml
bZn hmkpIn ZqtXm kn bZn hm hmkpIx
kzbw |
kN-cXn kN-cXn XXvImco aXvImco
hnj-\m-in\n |
hnj-Zq-jnWo lXw hnjw \jvSw hnjw lX
am{µky |
ht{PW hnjw lXw tX {_ÒWm hnj-an-{µky
ht{PW kzmlm bZn hm X£Ix kzbw
kN-cXn |
kN-cXn XXvImco aXvImco hnj-\m-in\o hnj
ZqjnWn lXw hnjw \jvSw hnjw
lX-an-{µky |
ht{PW hnjw lXw {_ÒWm hnj-an-{Zky
ht{PW kzmlm.
bZn ]ZvaI `qtXmkn bZn hm ]ZvaIx kzbw |
kN-cXn kN-cXn XXvImco aXvImco
hnj-\m-in\o |
hnj-`q-jnWo lXw hnjw \jvSw hnjw |
lX-an-{µky ht{PW hnjw lXw tX
{_ÒWm |
hnjan-{µky ht{PW kzmlm.
N P
bZn-IÀt¡m-S-I-ZptXm kn bZn hm K
IÀt¡m-S-Ix-kzbw
kN-cXn kN-cXn X¡mco aXvImco hnj-\m-in\n
hnj-ZqWo lXw hnjw \jvSw hnjw
lX-an-{µky
hPvtdW hnjw lXw tX {_ÒWm hnj-an-{µky
hPvtdW kzmlm.
bZn alm ]ZvaI `qtXm kn bZn hm
alm-]-ZvaIx kzbw |
k NcXn kN-cXn XXvImco aXvImco
hnj-\m-in\o |
hnj-Zq-jnWn lXw hnjw \jvSw hnjw |
lX-an-{µky ht{PW hnjw lXw tX
{_ÒWm |
hnj an{µky ht{PW kzmlm.
bZn iwJ-IZ- q-tXmkn bZn hm iwJIx kzbw
k NcXn kN-cXn XXvImco aXvImco
hnj-\m-in\o |
hnj-`q-jnWo lXw hnjw \jvSw hnjw
lX-an-{µky ht{PW hnjw lXw tX
{_ÒW hnj an{µky ht{PW kzmlm.
bZn KpfnI ZqtXmkn bZn hm KpfnIx kzbw |
kN-cXn kN-cXn XXvImco aXvImco
hnj \min\o |
hnj-`q-jnWn hnj-lm-cnWo lXw hnjw \jvSw
hnjw lX-an-{µky ht{PW hnjw lXw tX |
{_ÒWm hnj-an-{µky ht{PW kzmlm.
bZn ]uWv{U Imen-IZ- qtXmkn bZn hm
]uWv {U |
ImenIx kzbw kN-cXn k NcXn XXvImco
aXvImco hnj-\m-in\o hnj-`q-jnWn hnj
lmcnWo lXw |
hnjw \jvSw hnjw lX-an-{µky ht{PW hnjw|
lXw tX {_lvWm hnj an{µky ht{PW
kzmlm.
bZn \mKI ZqtXmkn bZn hm \mKIx kzbw |
kN-cXn kN-cXn XXvImcn aXvImcn hnj |
\min\o hnj-Zq-jnWo hnj-lm-cnWo lXw
hnjw |
\jvSw hnjw lX-an-{µky ht{PW hnjw lXw|
tX {_ÒWm hnj-an-{µky ht{PW kzmlm.
bZn eqXm\mw {]eq-Xm\mw bZn hrÝn-Im\mw bZn|
 433
I tLmS\m I\mw bZn Ømhc PwK-am\mw
kN-cXn |
kN-cXn XXvImcn aXvImco hnj-\m-in\o hnj
ZqjnWo lXw hnjw \jvSw ]n¯w |
lX-an-{µ-ky- h-t{PW hnjw lXw tX
{_ÒWm |
lX-an-{µtky ht{ZW kzmlm.
A\´ hmkpIn X£I ImÀt¡m-SI ]ZvaI
alm-]-Zva-I |
iwJI KpfnI ]uWv{U-Im-enI \mKI
CtXjmw |
Znhym\mw alm-\m-Km\mw alm-\m-KmZn cq]mWmw|
hnjXp-WvUm\mw hnj-Z-´m\mw hnj
Zwjv{Sm-Wmw. hnjmw-Km\mw hnj-]p-Ñm\mw hniz-
Nm-cmWmw |
hrÝn-Im\mw eqXm\mw aqjn-Im-\mw |
apjp-ImWmw Krl Kufn-Im\mw Krl-KuWn
Im\mw Krl-tlm-[n-Im\mw {LW-km\mw |
Krl-Kn-cn-K-K-K-lz-c-Im-em-\e hevao-tImZv
`qXm\mw |
]À®m\mw ImjvS-Zmcp hr£-tIm-Sm-cØ - m\w
aqe-XvKvZmcp \ncym-k-]{X ]pjv]-^t- emZv `qXm\mw
ZpjvS IoS I]n-izm\ amÀZ-Pm-c-Ppw-_pI hym{L
hcm-l mWmw Pcmbp PmWvU x PmZv` nÖ tkzZ-
Pm\mw ikv{X-_mW kvt^mS-{hW alm-{h-W-Xr-
Xm\mw Ir{Xn-am-W-am-at\yjmw `qX-th-Xmf Ipivam-
WvU-] n-imN t{]X cm£k b£ `b {]Zm\mw
hnj-X pWvU ZwjvSmWmw hnjmw-Km\mw hnj-] p-
1 KÀt`m-]-\n-j¯v
Hmw. k l\ mh hX p. k l \u `p\ àp .
klhocyw Ichmhl. tXPkzn\mh[oXakvX p
am hnZznjmhssl. Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx
]c{_Òw R§sf c­pt]scbpw c£n¡s«. AXv
R§Ä c­pt]scbpw ]cn]men¡s«. R§Ä c­pt]cpw
IgnhpIÄ t\Ss«. R§fpsS A[yb\w tXPkznbmIs«.
Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
N P
Ñm\mw hnjmWmw hnj- c q-] nWo hnj- Z q-j nWn K
hnjtimjnWo hnj-\m-in\o hnj-lm-cnWo lXw
hnjw \jvSw hnjw A´x-{]-eo\w hnjw {]\jvSw
hnjw lXw tX {_ÒWm hnj-an-{µky ht{PW
kzmlm.
FÃm {]Im-c-¯n-epÅ hnj-_m-[bpw AI-äm-\p-X-
Ip¶ a{´-amWv apI-fn sImSp-¯n-«p-Å-Xv. `àn-tbmsS
CXp P]n¨v shÅ-tamXn Hgp-¡p-Itbm `kvaw P]n¨v AXv
]pc-«p-Itbm sN¿mw. efn-X-am-I-bm a{´-§-fpsS AÀ°w
{]tXyIw Fgp-Xp-¶n-Ã.
b Camw {_Ò hnZym-a-amhm kzmbmw ]tS-ÑrWp|
bmZzm bmh-Öohw \ lnwk´n kÀ¸m.
AjvSu |
{_mÒ-Wm³ {KbnXzm XrtW\ tamN-tb-Xv. |
iXw {_mÒ-Wm³ {Kl-bnXzm N£pjm
tamN-tb-Xv. |
kl{kw {_mÒ-Wm³ {Kml-bnXzm a\km |
tamN-tbXv kÀ¸m³ Pte \ ap©-´n XrtW \
ap©´n |
Imtj-T\ ap©´o XymK `K-hm³ {_tÒXyp
]\n-j-Xv. lcn Hmw XXv kXv.
Cu {_Ò hnZysb Aam-hmkn Znhkw A[y-b\w
sN¿p-¶h
- s\ PohnXw apgp-h\pw kÀ¸w ISn-¡p-Ib
- n-Ã.
F«p {_mÒ-WÀ¡v D]-tZ-in-¨m XrWw sIm­pw \qdp
{_mÒ-Wsc ]Tn-¸n-¨m I®p-IÄ sIm­pw Bbncw
{_mÒ-Wsc ]Tn-¸n-¨m a\-Êp-sIm­pw hnj-_m-[b - -I-
äphm³ km[n-¡pw.
Kcp-tUm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
3
Hmw. ] © mß I w ] © h À ¯ am\ w
jUm{ibw jUvK pW tbmKbpàw. tX k]vX
[mXpw {Xnanew Zzntbm\nw NXpÀ hn[mlmcabw
i c oc w `h X n. ] © mß I k anX n. I k vamX v
]rYnhoIm B]xInw tXPx tIm hmbpxInam
ImianXy kvan³ ]©mßtI icotc X{X bXv
ITn\w km ]rYnho b{Zhw Xmx B]x b ZqjvWw
 434
I Xt¯Px bXv k©cXn k hmbpx bXv kpjnX
XZmImiw CXypNytX. A{X]rYnho [mctW
B]x ]nWvU oIctW tXPx {]Imit\ hmbpÀ
hyqtl\ BImiahImi {]Zmt\. ]rYKv t{im{X
i_vt Zm ]e_v[u XzIvkv]Àti N£pjo cqt]
Polzm ckt\ \mknIm {LmtW D]Ø B\µ
t\ A]m\x DÕÀtK _p[ym _p[yXn a\km
k ¦ e v ] bX n h m N m h Z X n. j U m {i b anX n
Ikva mXv a[pcm ¾ehWXnàISp Ijmb ckm³
hnµXoXn. jUvP Ej` KmÔmc a[yw ]©a
s s [ h X \ nj mZ m tÝ X oj v Sm \ nj vS i Z z
kwÚmx {]Wn[m\m Zpihn[ `h´n.
Cu icocw ]©mßIamIp¶p. A©pw hmÀ¯-
am\§fpw Bdmat¯Xv B{ibpàhpamWv. Bdp
KpW§Ä Ggp [mXp¡Ä aq¶p tZmj§Ä c­p tbm\n-
IÄ Ch tNÀ¶ icocw \mep Xc¯nepff BImc§fmÂ
]cn]pjvSamIp¶p. ]rYnhn, Pew, hmbp, BImiw,
tXPÊ, Ch tNcp¶Xn\m ]©mßIsa¶p ]dbp¶p.
Chbn ITn\XXzamWv ]rYnhn; XcfXXzw Pew, DjvW-
ambXv, tXPÊv, k©cn¡p¶Xv hmbp, kpjncamÀ¶Xv
BImiw, Cu XXz§fpsS kz`mhw ]dbmw. [cn¡pI
F¶XmWv ]rYnhnbpsS XXzw, HcnS¯m¡pIbmWv Pew
sN¿p¶Xv; {]Imiw \ÂIp¶ tXPÊnsâ [À½w;
]ZmÀ°§sf AXmXp \nebn Dd¸n¡pI, hmbphnsâ
[À½w; CS\ÂIpI BImi¯nsâ [À½hpw C{µnb-
§sf kw_Ôn¨msW¦n sNhn i_vZw {Kln¡p¶p;
sXmen i_vZw A\p`qXam¡p¶p; I®v ImWn¨pXcp¶p,
\m¡v kzmZdnbn¡p, aq¡v aWw \ÂIp¶p. KpZw
hnkÀÖ\IÀ½w sN¿p¶p. hmKn{µnbw kw`mjWw
\S¯p¶p. a\Êv Nn´n¡p¶p. _p²n Úm\w {]Zm\w
sN¿p¶p.
a[pcw, Ibv ] v , F cnhv , ] pfn, D¸v , C § s\
Bdpck§Ä tZlw D]tbmKs¸Sp¯p¶p. jUvP w,
Ej`w, KmÔmcw, a[yaw, ss[hXw, \njmZw, C§s\
Ggp kzc§Ä, CjvShpw, A\njvShpw {]Wn[mImchpw
tafn¨v i_vZ§Ä BIÀjIamIp¶p.
2. ipt¢m càx IrjvtWm {Zqam {]oXx I]ne
]mÞmc CXn k] v X [mXpI anX n Ik v a mXv
bZ mtZ h Z ¯ k y {Z h y mZ n] n j bm P mbtX
]ckv]cw kuay KpWXzmXv jUznt[m ctkm
ckm³tOWnX timWnXm·mkw amwkt·t`m
taZ k x k v\ mb h x k v\ mb p t`y m A Ø o\ n
AØ t`ymaÖ m aÖ mXx i p{Iw i p{Itim
W nX k wtbmK m Z mh À ¯ tX K À t`m l r Z n
hyhØmw \bXn lrZtb´cmán AánØm t\
]n¯w ]n¯Ømt\ hmbp hmbptXm lrZbw
{]mPm]XymXv {IamXv
N P
Ggp \nd§fp­v . shfp¸v, Npa¸v, Idp¸v, aª,
K
I]new, ]mÞpcw, {[qaw tZhZ¯³ F¶p t]cpff
Hcph\v t`mKyhnjb§Ä e`n¡p¶p. Ah\v Bdp
ck § Ä B k z Z n¡ m ³ k m [ n¡ p ¶ p . h nh n[
]ZmÀ°§fm ckw DÛqXamIp¶p. ck¯n \n¶v
càw, cà¯n \n¶v amwkw, amwk¯n \n¶v taZÊv,
taZÊn \n¶v kv\mbp, kv \mbphn \n¶v AØn,
AØnbn \n¶v aÖ, aÖbn \n¶v ip¢w Ch
D­mIp¶p. a\pjytZlw Cu Ggv [mXp¡fmÂ
cq]wsImffp¶p. ]pcpjsâ ip¢hpw kv { XobpsS
timWnXhpw tNÀ¶v KÀ`ap­mIp¶p. Cu [mXp¡
sfÃmw lrZbاfmWv. Ah Xs¶ A´cmán
\nÀ½n¡p¶p. AánbpsS Øm\¯v ]n¯w \nesImffp
¶p. ]n¯¯nsâ Øm\¯v hmbp, hmbphn\m lrZbw
{]hÀ¯n¡s¸Sp¶p.
3. EXpImte kw{]tbmKm tZIcmt{XmjnXw
_pZv_pZw `hXn AÀ² amkm`y´tc ]ntÞm
`hXn amkm`y´tc ITnt\m `hXn am\Zztb\
incx k¼ZytX amk{XtbW ]mZ{]tZtim `hXn
AY NXpÀt° am tk Kpev^ PTc ISn {]tZimx
`h´n ]©taamtk ]rjvThwtim `h´n jjvtT
amtk apJ\mknImØn t{im{XmWn `h´n
AjvSta amtk kÀhe£W k¼qÀt®m `hXn
]nXqtctXmXntcImXv ]pcptjm amXq tctXmXn
iImXv kv{ Xo D`tbmÀ_oP XpeyXzm¶]pwk
tIm `hXn hymIpenXa\tkm AÔmJRv P m
I p _ v P m h ma\ m `h ´ n A t\ y m\ y h mbp
]cn]oUnX ip{I ssZzj[ymÀ¯\p kym¯tXm
bpÜm {]Pmbt´ ]©mßIx kaÀ°x kaÀ°
]©mßnIm tNXkm _p²nÀKÔckmZnÚm
\m£cmtaImcwNn´bXo XnXtZXtZIm £cw
ÚmXzmjvSu {]rXm tjmUi hnImcm icotc
Xsskyh tZln\m AYam{XminX ]oX\mUokq-
{XKtX\ {]mW B]ymbtX AY \hta amkn
kÀhe£WÚm\IcW kw]qÀt®m `hXn
]qÀhPmXn kvacXn ip`m ip`w N IÀ½ hnZ´n
EXp kab¯v DNnXamb coXnbn KÀ`[m\w
\S¶m ip¢ timWnX§Ä Hcp cm{Xn sIm­v
IeeamIp¶p. Ggp cm{Xn sIm­v _pZv_pZamIp¶p.
]Xn\©p Znhkw sIm­v ]nÞImcamIpw. Hcp amkw
XnIbpt¼mÄ ITn\ambn¯ocpw c­pamkw sIm­v
Xebpw aq¶pamkw sIm­v Imepw D­mIpw. \menÂ
ap«pIÄ hbdv Ac Chbp­mIp¶p. A©n ]pjvTw
\s«Ãv, Bdn hmbv aq¡v , sNhn, I®pIÄ Ch Ggmw
amk¯n Pohkv]µ\t¯msS ]pjvSns¸Sp¶p. F«nÂ
]cn]qÀ® icocw cq]wsImffp¶p. ip¢¯nsâ A[nI
Xbn kv { Xo{]PbpamIp¶p. c­pw Xpeysa¦nÂ
\]pwkIamIpw. kwt`mKmhkc¯nse at\mhymIpeX
 435
I k´m\w Iq\t\m apS´t\m _[nct\m BIm³ ImcW
amIp¶p. hmbphn\m ip¢ timWnX§Ä t`Zn¡s¸Sp
t¼mÄ Cc«bpw aäpw D­mIp¶p. {ItaW ]t©{µnb§
fpsS hnImkhpw {KlW iànbpw iniphn\v e`n¡p¶p.
{]Wh Nn´\w k´m\¯nsâ D¶Xn¡v ImcWambn
`hn¡p¶p. amXmhv Ign¡p¶ `£W¯n \n¶v cq]w
sIm­v hfcp¶ inip Xr]vXn \ÂIm³ DXIp¶p. H³]
Xmw amk¯n inip Úmt\{µnbmZnIÄ tNÀ¶v
]qÀ®X {]m]n¡pw. At¸mÄ AXn\v ]qÀh P·kvacW-
bp­mIp¶p­v . ip`mip`IÀ½t_m[w iniphn\p
D­mIp¶pap­v.
4. ]qÀhtbm\n kl{kmWn Zrjv Szm ssNhX
tXm abm Blmcm hnhn[ `pàm ]oXm \m\mhn
[mx kvX\m PmXssÝh arXssÝh P·hn[mx
kvX\mPmXssÝh P· ssNh ]p\x ]p\x b·bm
]cnP\kymÀt° IrXw Atlm ZpxtJmZ[u
atám\ ]iyman {]Xn{Inbmw IÀ½m ip`mip`w
GImIo tX\ Zt]ymlw KXmkvtX ^e t`mKn\x
bZn tbm\ym {]aptNylw XXv {]]tZy atlizcw
XXv {]]tZy \mcmbWw Aip`£b IÀ¯mcmw
^e apàn {]ZmbIw bZntbm\ym{]aptNylw XXv
kmwJyw tbmKa`ytk Aip` £b IÀ¯mcw
^eapàn {]ZmbIw bZntbm\ym {]aptNylw
[ymtb {_Ò k\mX\cx AY tbm\n Zzmcw
k w{]m] v t Xm bt{´ W m] n[ y amt\ m alX m
ZpxtJ\ PmXam{X kvXp sshjvWth\ hmbp\m
kwkv]rjvS kvXZm \ kvacXn P·acWm\n \ N
IÀ½ ip`mip`w hnµXn
B L«¯n hbdn \n¶p ]pd¯p hcm³
XpS§p¶ Pohn Xm³ ]e P·§Ä hln¨Xmbpw `n¶
tbm\nIfn s]«hcpsS ape IpSn¨Xmbpw kvacn¡p¶p.
]e {]hiyw P\n¨p. ]e {]mhiyw acn¨p. A¶s¯
]e ip`m ip` IÀ½§fpw HmÀ¡p¶p. GXmbmepw
Rm\nt¸mÄ ZpxJkap{Z¯n BgpIbmWv. CXn \n¶v
IcIbdms\mcp amÀ¤w ImWp¶nÃ. hfÀ¶m F\n¡v
kXv IÀ½§Ä sN¿Ww. atlizcs\ icWw {]m]n
¡Ww. hnjvWphns\ B{ibn¡pIbpw kmwJymZn tbmK
§Ä tXSpIbpw thWw. {_Ò Úm\ e_v[ n¡pw
{iant¡­Xp­v. C§s\ ]e Nn´bnepw sRcp§n
inip ]pd¯p hcp¶p. F¶m `qanbnse¯pt¼mÄ
ambmPme¯m IgnªsXm¶pw HmÀ½bnÃmXmIp¶p.
Xm³ KÀ`¯n InS¶ Imcysa¶Ã H¶pw HmÀ¡m³
Ignbm¯ \nebnemIp¶p.
Q
N P
5. icoccanXn IkvamXv Aá tbmly{X {inb K
t´ Úm\mánÀ ZÀi\mán tImjvTmáncnXn X{X
tImjvT mánÀ\mam inX ]oXtf ly tNmjyw
]NXn ZÀi\máo cq]mWmw ZÀi\w ItcmXn
Úm\mán ip`mip`w N IÀ½ hnµXn {XoWn
Øm\m\n `h ´n aptJ B lh \obw DZ tc
KmÀl]tXym lrZnZ£nWmán BßmbPat\m
at\m {_Ò tem`mZbx ]ithm [rXnÀ Zo£m
kt´mjÝ _p²o{µnbmWn bÚ ]{XmWn
lhowjn IÀt½{µnbmWn incx I]mew tIim
ZÀ`mapJa´À thZn NXpjvI]mew incx tjmUi
]mÀizZ´ ]Sem\n k]tXm¯cw aÀ½iXw
kmioXn Iw kÔn iXw k\hIw kv\mbp iXw
kv]X incmiXm\n ]© aÖm iXm\n AØo\n
N l ssh {XoWniXm\n jjvToxkmÀ²Ýt{km
tcmamWn tImteym lrZbw ]em\yjvSu ZzmZi
]em Pnlzm ]n¯ {]Øw I^kymipIf
IpUp]w taZ{]Øu Zzmh\nbXw aq{X ]pcojam
lmc ]cnamWXv ss]¸emZw tam£ imkv{Xw
ss]¸emZw tam£imkv{XanXn
Cu tZl]nÞs¯ icocsa¶v F´psIm­v
]dbp¶p?ImcWw, CXn Pv R m\mán, ZÀi\mán
PTcmán C§s\ aq¶v AánIÄ IpSnsImffp¶p.
tZl¯n AánIÄ¡p aq¶p Øm\§Ä \o¡nsh
¨n«p­v. apJ¯v Blh\obmán DZc¯n KmÀl]
Xymán lrZb¯n Z£nWmánbpwCu tZlw bÚ
kzcq]amIp¶p CXn BßmhmWv bPam\³, a\Êv
{_Òmhv, tem`mZnIÄ _enarK§Ä, ss[cyw kt´mjw
XpS§nbh Zo£IÄ Úmt\{µnb§Ä lhnÊv, incÊv,
I]mew, tIiw Ch ZÀ`, apJw, A´ÀthZn, incÊv,
NXpjvI]mew, Z´]wànIÄ tjmUi I]me§Ä, \qän
F¬]Xv kÔnIÄ, \qän Ggv aÀ½ Øm\§Ä, \qän
H³]Xv kv\mbp¡Ä, Ggp\qdp Rc¼pIÄ Aªq
aÖIÄ, ap¶qän F«v AØnIÄ, C{Xbpw icoc¯n
ep­v. tcma§Ä \mect¡mSnbmWv lrZbw F«p]ew,
Pnlz ]{´­p]ew, ]n¯w, CS§gn, I^w \menS§gn,
ip¢w \mgn, taZÊv c­nS§gn Chb¡p ]pdsa,
Blmc¯nsâ ]cnWmaa\pk cn¨v aeaq{X§ fpw
icoc¯nep­v. Cu ]cnWmaw A\nbanXamWv. FÃm
hcnepw Hcpt]msebÃ, Cu imkv{X¯n\v tam£
imkv{Xsa¶mWv t]cv ]n¸emZ³ F¶ ap\nbmWv CXv
shfnhm¡nbXv.
KÀt`m]\nj¯v ]cyhkm\n¨p.
 436
I K
1 Kmb{Xo D]-\n-j¯v
{]Ya JWvUnI
GX-²kva GXXv hnZzmw kta-Im-Z-im-£ cw
auev Keyw ¥mthm ssat{Xtbm `ymP-Km-a .
GIm-Z-im£ auevK-eysâ ASp¯v ¥mh-ssa-t{X-b³
sN¶p.
Xw Xkvan³ {_Ò-Ntcy hk-XoXn hnÚm-
tbm-hmN; Inwkzn³ acym Abw X·u-evKtey 
t[yXn. bZ-kvan³ {_Ò-Ntcy hk-Xo-Xn.
auevK-ey³ {_Ò-Nm-cnsb I­v AbmÄ tIÄ¡-
¯¡ hn[w ]cn-lmk kzc-¯n ]dªp: "auevKe- y³
Cu {_Ò-Nm-cnsb F´mWv ]Tn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv?'
X²n auev K -e y- k ym-t ´-h mkn ip{im-h . k
BNm-cy-am-{h-P ym-N -Nt- £.
auevK-eysâ {_Ò-Nmcn CXp-tI«v Xsâ BNm-cysâ
ASp¯v sN¶v ]d-ªp.
ZpÀ[o-bm\w hm Abw `h´ athm NtZym
ba-Zym-Xn-YnÀ `h-Xn.
A§v AXn-Yn-bm-WtÃm A§sb At±lw aqV- s\¶v
]d-ªp.
Inw kuay hnZzm-\ nXn? "AbmÄ hnZzm-
\mtWm?' auev Key³ tNmZn-¨p.
"{Xo³ thZm³ {_qtX t`m' CXn.
AsX, aq¶p-th-Z-§fpw sNmÃp-¶-h-\mWv injy³ ]d-
ªp.
Xky kuay tbm hnZzm³ hn]jvt Sm hnPn-
iotjm t´ hmko Xw ta Blz-tb-Xn.
kuaym hnZzm\pw kq£va-a- dn-bp-¶-h\pw hnPbw B{K-
ln-¡ p-¶-h -\ p-a mb At±-l-¯ nsâ injy-\ m-s W-¦ nÂ
Abmsf Fsâ ASp-t¯bv¡v Iq«n-s¡m-­p-hc - q.'
XamPp lmh. Xa-`yp-hm-Nm-km-[znXn t`m CXn.
At¸mÄ AbmÄ Ahs\ hnfn-¨p-hc
- p-¯n. ]d-ªp:
"Cbm- fmWv?'
Inw kuay tX BNmtcym At[yXn?'
auevK-ey³ Abm-tfmSv tNmZn¨p: "kuay, \n§-fpsS
BNm-cy³ F´mWv ]Sn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv?
aq¶p thZ-§fpw sNmÃp¶p F¶v.
N P
3
b¶p Jep kuay-a`n:þ kÀth thZm apJtXm
KrloXm IYw N Gh-am-Nmtcym `mjtX IYw \pa tNXv
kuay Zpc-[o-bmt\m `hn-jy-Xn, bB-Nmtcym _me-{_-Ò-
Nmco {_Ò-Nm-cnWw kmhn{Xo {]ml CXn h£y-Xn.
kuay: AbmÄ AX-dn-bp-s¶-¦n BNm-cy³ {_Ò-
Nm-cn¡v D]-tZ-in¨p sImSp-¡p-¶Xv kmhn-{Xn-bm-Wv. Kmb-
{Xn-bpsS Øqe-amb i_vZmÀ°-amWv Dcp-hn-Sp-¶X - v.
XXzw {_qbmXv Zpc-[o-bm\w Xw ssh`-hm-·uev
Key-a-thm-NX kXzmw b {]iv\ -a-{]m-£o¶ Xw
hymN\x ]pcm kwh-Õ-cm-Zm-Xn-hm-cb
- n-jy-ko-Xn.
A§-s\-sb-¦n \n§Ä ]d-bWw þ Xm¦Ä R§-
fpsS BNm-cy-\mb auevK-eys\ aqV-\m-sW¶v ]d-ªp.
Xm¦-tfmSp tNmZn¨ tNmZy-§Ä¡v adp-]Sn ]d-bm³ Ign-
bp-¶nà F¦n Hcp sImÃ-¯n-\Iw {]bm-k-ap-­m-Ipw.
injvSm injvtS`y Gh `mtj-c³. tb l tb
\ alw {]iv\ w ]rÑman \ Xw hnh-£ yXn \
tly\ at[y-Xo-Xn.
tl kuaym R§Ä FÃm thZ-§epw ]Tn-¨n-«p-­v.
B \nebv¡v \n§-fpsS BNm-cy³ Fs¶ aqV-s\¶p
]d-bp-¶s- X-´mWv? tbmKy-·m-tcmSv tbmKy-·mÀ C§s\
]d-bp- ¶Xv DNn- X- amtWm? Rm³ tNmZn- ¡p¶ tNmZy- §Ä¡v
icn-bmb D¯cw ]d-bm³ Ign-bp-¶n-sÃ-¦n At±lw ]Tn-
¸n-¡p- ¶n-Ã m-bn-cn-¡pw.
k l auev Keyx kza-t ´- h m-k n- \ - a p-h mN
]tckn kuay ¥m_ ssat{Xb ap]m-ko-X, A[o-
lt`m kmhn{Xo Kmb{Xo NXpÀhn-iwXn tbm\n
ZzmZi anYp\mw bkymw `rKzw-Kn-c-kÝ £cykymw
kÀh-anZw {inXw hmw `hm³ {]m{_q-ho-Zn-Xn.
At¸mÄ auevK-ey³ Xsâ {_Ò-Nm-cn-tbmSv ]d
ªp:...."kuaym, \o t]mIq. ¥mh-ssa-t{X-bsâ ASp-¯p-
sN¶v ]{´­p anYp-\§ - fpw Ccp-]-¯n-\m-ep-tbm-\n-I-fp-
amÀ¶Xpw `rKphpw AwKn-cÊpw t\{X- §-fm-bn- «p- ÅXpw kI-
e-Xn\pw B{i-b-hp-amb kmhn-{Xnsb R§sf ]Tn-¸n-
¡tW F¶v ]d-bp-I.
ZzoXob JWvUnI
k X{X PKma bt{X-Xt- cm-h-`q-Xv. Xw l
{]{]Ñ kl \
auZvKe
- ysâ injy³ ssat{X-bsâ ASp-¯p-sN¶v
 437
I tNmZn-¨-t¸mÄ At±-l-¯ n\v D¯cw \ÂIm³ Ign-
ªn-Ã.
Xw tlmhmN Zpc-[o-bm\w Xw ssh `hm³
auZvKe
- y-a-thm-N³ kXzmb {]iv\X
- £
- o³ {XXw
hythm Nx ]pcm kwh-Õ-cm-ZmÀ¯n amcn-jy-ko-Xn.
AbmÄ ]dªp:þ "A§v auZvK-ey³ aqV-\m-sW¶v
]d-ªp. At±lw Xm¦-tfmSp tNmZn¨p; Xm¦Ä¡v AXv
]d-bm³ Ign-ªn-sÃ-¦n Hcp sImÃw hfsc {]bmkw
A\p-`-hn-t¡­n hcpw?
k l ssat{Xbx kzm\-t´-h m-k n\ DhmN
bYmÀ°w `ht´m b¯ Krlw bYm at\m hnkr
Py´mw Zpc-[o-bm\ hm Alw auZvKe- ya thmNmw
k b {]iv\ -a-t{]m-£o-\Xw hythmNw Xap-ss]-
jyman im´nw Icn-jym-ao-Xn.
At¸mÄ ssat{X-b³ Xsâ injv·m-tcmSv ]dªp
"Ct¸mÄ \n§Ä kz´w CjvS-{]-Imcw X§-fpsS hk-Xn-
I-fn-tebv¡v Xncn¨p t]mhp-I. Rm³ auZvK-ey³ aqV-\m-
sW¶v ]d-ªp. F¶m At±lw F´p tNmZn¨p AXn-
\p-¯cw ]d-bm³ F\n¡v Ign-hn-Ã. Rm³ At±-l-¯nsâ
ASp-s¯¯n At±-ls¯ im´-\m-¡pw.'
k l ssat{X-bx {]mXx kanXv ]mWnÀ auZ
Key ap]-kk
- mZ Aku h Awl t`m ssat{Xb
CXn. InaÀ°-an-Xn.
ASp¯ Znhkw {]`m-X-¯n ssIbn Na-X-bp-ambn
ssat{X-b³ auZvK-ey-ap-\n-bpsS ASp-¯p-sN¶p ]dªp:þ
"ssat{X- b-\mb Rm³ A§sb kam-{i-bn-¡m-s\- ¯n-b-Xm-
Wv.'
"F´n\v?' At±lw tNmZn¨p
Zpc-[o-bm\w hm Alw `h-´-a-thmNw h am
b {]iv\a {]m£oX Xw hythmNw Xzmap-ss]-jym-
an. im´nw Icn-jym-ao-Xn.
ssat{X-b³ ]dªp:þ Rm³ A§v aqV-\m-sW¶v
]d-bp-Ib
- p-­m-bn, A§v tNmZn-¨-Xn\p adp-]Sn ]d-bm³
F\n¡v Ign-ªn-Ã. Rm³ A§-b psS ASp-s ¯¯n
Ct¸mÄ A§sb kam-[m-\n-¸n-¡p-I-bm-Wv.'
k tlmhmN þ A{X hm Dt]Xw N kÀhw N
IrXw ]m]-tI\ Xzmw bmt\\ Nc-´a- mlpx AtYm
 h aa Ieym-WkvXw tX ZZman tX\ bmloXn
auXv Key³ ]dªp:þ "Xm¦Ä ChnsS h¶p; Bfp-
IÄ ]d-bp-¶Xv kua-\k - y-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Ã. A§n-hnsS
h¶-sX-¶m-Wv. F¦nepw Rm³ `hy-ambn A§-tbmSv s]cp-
am-dp-¶p. AXp kzoI-cn¨v A§v Xncnsb t]mhp-I.'
k tlmhmN þ GX-tZ-hm-{Xm]n Nm\p-ikyw NbYm tlyj Aán-kvXXv ]rYn-ho. b{X ssh ]rYnho
`hm-\mlw D]-bm-an- tXzh `h-´-an-Xn. ssat{X-b³ ]dªp:þ XZ-án-cnXn GtX tZz tbm\o GIw anYp-\w.
N P
A§v ]d-ªXv A`-bm-ß-Ihpw kXy-hp-am-Wv. Rm³ K
A§sb tkhn-¡p-¶-Xn\v kanXv ]mWn-bm-bn-«mWv h¶n-
«p-Å-Xv.'
X lo tX Ymb
(A-tXmsS At±lw hn[n-]qÀhw D]-Nm-c-§Ä sNbvXp.)
tlmt]Xy ] {]O
(A-Sp¯p sN¶v tNmZn-¨p)
Inw hnZm-lpÀt`m khn-XpÀ htcWyw `Àt¤m
tZh kyI-hbx Inamlpx [ntbm hnN£ bZnXmx
{]thXy {]tNm-Z-b³ khnXm ]tc-Xn.
1. khn-Xm-hnsâ htc-Wy-am-bn-«p-ÅXv F´m-sW-¶mWv
]d-bp- ¶Xv?
2. B tZhsâ `À¤w F´mWv?
3. Adn-bm-sa-¦n "[o' F¶-Xnsâ XXz-sa-´m-sW¶v ]d-
bp-I. AXns\ t{]cn-¸n¨p sIm­m-WtÃm khn-Xmhv Ncn-
¡p-¶- Xv.
Xkvam GXXv t{]mhmN At±lw D¯cw sImSp-¯p.
thZm- Ñ - µ mwkn khn- X pÀh- t cWyw `Àt¤m
tZhky Ih-tbm-¶-am-lp. IÀ½mWn [nb kvXZp
tX {_hoan {]tNm-Z-b³ khnXm bm`n-tc-Xn.
1. thZ-§fpw Oµ-Êp-amWv khn-Xm-hnsâ htc-Wy-am-bn-
«p- Å-Xv.
2. Adn-hp-Å-hÀ A¶-s¯-bmWv tZhsâ `À¤-sa¶p ]d-
bp- ¶-Xv.
3. IÀ½w Xs¶-bmWv B [o XXzw AXn-eqsS t{]cW
\ÂIn-s¡m-­mWv kqcy³ Ncn-¡p-¶-X.v
Xap-]-kw-Krly ]{]-¨m-[oXn t`mx Ix khnXm ImKm-b-
{Xo-Xn.
AXp-tI«v ho­pw At±lw tNmZn-¨p. khn-Xmhv
F´mWv? Kmb{Xn F´v?
XrXob JWvUnI
a\ Gh khnXm hmIv kmhn{Xn b{X tlyh
a\-kvXZ- zm-Iv. b{X ssh hmIv X·\ CXn GtX
th tbm\o GIw anYp-\w.
a\-ÊmWv khn-Xm-h.v hmIv kmhn-{Xn. a\-Êp-Ån-S¯v
hm¡p-­v. hm¡p-Ån-S¯v a\-Êp-­v. Ah c­pw c­p
tbm\nbpw Hcp anYp-\-hp-am-Wv.
Aán-tch khnXm ]rYnho kmhn-{Xo. b{X-

I Aán khn-Xm-hm-Wv. ]rYzn kmhn-{Xn. Aán-bp-Ån-S-
X¯v ]rYzn-bp- ­v. ]rYzn-bp-Ån-S¯v Aán-bp-­v. AXv c­p- sshkvX\bnXv\p-kvXZ
tbm-\nbpw Hcp anYp-\-hp-am-Wv.
hmbp-tcJ khn-X m, A´-c o£w kmhn-{Xo,
b{X tlyh hmbp-kvX-Z-´c- o£w b{X hm A´-
co£w XZzm-bp-cnXn GtX tZz tbm\o GI anYp-
\w.
hmbp khn-Xm-hm-W v. A´-co£w kmhn-{Xn-bpw.
FhnsS hmbp-hp­v AhnsS A´-co-£-ap-­.v Ah c­pw
tbm\nbpw Hcp anYp-\-hp-am-Ip-¶p.
BZnXy Gh khnXm Zyux kmhn{Xo b{X
tlyhm-Z nXy kvX kv a mXv Zyux b{X ssh Zyu
kvXZm-ZnXy CXn. GtX tZz tbm\o GIw anYp-\w.
BZn-Xy³ khn- Xm-hm-Wv. tZymhv kmhn-{Xn-bpw. FhnsS
BZn-Xy-\p-­v. AhnsS tZymhp-­v. c­pw c­p tbm\n-
Ifpw Hcp anYp-\-hp-am-Ip-¶p.
N{µam Gh khn-Xm. \£-{XmWn kmhn-{Xn.
b{X-t lyh N{µ-am-k vX-¶ -£ -{Xm-W n. b{X ssh
\£-{XmWn X¨-{µam CXn GtX tZz tbm\o GI
anYp-\w.
N{µ³ khn-Xm-hm-Ip-¶p. \£-{X-§Ä kmhn-{Xnbpw.
FhnsS N{µ-\p­v AhnsS \£{X-§-fp-­v. \£-{X-§Ä
DÅn-S¯v N{µ-\p-ap-­v. c­pw c­p tbm\n-Ifpw Hcp anYp-
\-hp-am-Ip-¶p.
Al Gh khnXm cm{Xnx kmhn{Xn b{X tly
hml-kvXZv cm{Xnx b{X ssh cm{Xn-kvX-Z-l-c nXn
GtX tZz tbm\o GIw anYp-\w.
Znhkw khn-Xm-hm-Ip-¶p. cm{Xn kmhn-{Xn-bpw. ]I-
ep-Ån-S¯v cm{Xn-bp-ap­v; cm{Xn-bp-Ån-S¯v ]I-ep-ap-­v.
c­pw c­p-tbm-\n-Ifpw Hcp anYp-\-hp-am-Ip-¶p.
DjvW -t ah khnXm ioXw kmhn-{Xn. b{X
tly thmjvW w XÑoXw b{X ssh ioXw XZp-
jvW-anXn GtX tXz tbm\o GIw anYp-\w.
DjvWw khn-X m-h m-I p-¶p. ioXw kmhn-{Xn-b pw.
FhnsS DjvWa - p­v AhnsS ioX-ap-­v. FhnsS ioX-ap-
­v, AhnsS DjvW-hp-ap-­v. c­pw c­p tbm\n-Ifpw Hcp
anYp-\-hp-am-Ip-¶p.
A{`- t ah khnXm hÀjw kmhn{Xn b{X
tlyhm{`w XZzÀjw b{X ssh hÀjw XZ{` anXn
GtX tZz tbm\o GIw anYp-\w.
taLw khn-X m-h m-I p-¶ p. hÀjw kmhn-{ Xn-b pw.
FhnsS taL-ap­v AhnsS hÀj-W-ap-­v. FhnsS hÀj-
W-ap­v AhnsS taL-ap-­v. c­pw c­p tbm\n-Ifpw Hcp
anYp-\-hp-am-Ip-¶p.
N P
438
hnZyp- t Zh khnXm kv X \- b nXv \ px. b{X K
- zn-Zzp-ZnXn GtX tZz tbm\o
GIw anYp-\w.
hnZyp¯v khn-Xm-hm-Ip-¶p. AXnsâ tLmjw kmhn-
{Xn-bpw. FhnsS an¶-ep­v AhnsS i_vZa - p-­v. FhnsS
CSn-ap-g-¡-ap­v AhnsS an¶-ep-­v. c­pw c­p tbm\n
Ifpw Hcp anYp-\-hp-am-Ip-¶p.
{]mW Gh khn-Xm. A¶w kmhn-{Xn. b{X
tlyh-{]m-W-kvXZ- ¶
- w. b{Xhm A¶w XXv {]mW
CXn. GtX tZz tbm\o GIw anYp-\w.
{]mW³ khn-X m-h m-Ip-¶p. A¶w kmhn-{Xn-bpw.
FhnsS {]mW-\p­v AhnsS A¶-ap-­v. FhnsS A¶-
ap­v AhnsS {]mW-\p-­v. c­pw c­p tbm\n-Ifpw Hcp
anYp-\-hp-am-Ip-¶p.
thZm Gh khnXm Oµmwkn kmhn{Xn. b{X
tlyh thZm-kvX-Ñ-µmw-kn. b{X ssh Oµmwko
XtZzZm CXn. GtX tZz tbm\o GIw anYp-\w.
thZ-§Ä khn-Xm-hm-Ip-¶p. AXnsâ tLmjw kmhn-
{Xn-bpw. FhnsS an¶-ep-­v AhnsS i_vZa - p-­v. FhnsS
CSn-ap-g-¡-ap­v AhnsS an¶-ep-­v. c­pw c­p tbm\n-
Ifpw Hcp anYp-\-hp-am-Ip-¶p.
{]mW Gh khn-Xm, A¶w kmhn-{Xn. b{X
tlyh-{]m-W-kvXZ- ¶
- w. b{Xhm A¶w XXv {]mW
CXn. GtX tZz tbm\o GIw anYp-\w.
{]mW³ khn-X m-hm-Ip-¶ p. A¶w kmhn{Xnbpw.
FhnsS {]mW-\p­v AhnsS A¶-ap-­v. FhnsS A¶-
ap­v AhnsS {]mW-\p-­v. c­pw c­p tbm\n-Ifpw Hcp
anYp-\-hp-am-Ip-¶p.
thZm Gh khnXm Oµmwkn kmhn-{Xn. b{X-
tlyh thZm-kvX-Ñ-µmw-kn. b{X ssh Oµmwko
XtZzZm CXn. GtX tZz tbm\o GIw anYp-\w.
thZ-§Ä khn-Xm-hm-Ip-¶p. Oµ-Êp-IÄ kmhn-{Xnbpw
FhnsS thZ-§-fp-­v, AhnsS Oµ-ÊpIfp­v. FhnsS
Oµ-Êp-I-fp­v Ahn-sS thZ-§-fpw. c­p c­p tbm\n-
Ifpw Hcp anYp-\-hp-am-Ip-¶p.
bÚ Gh khnXm Z£nWm kmhn{Xn b{X
tlyh bÚ- k v X Zv Z£nWm kmhv X nc b{X
tlyh bPvR-kvXZv Z£nWm b{X ssh Z£nWm
XZyÚ CXn GtX tZz tbm\o GIw anYp-\w.
bÚw khn-Xm-hm-Ip-¶p. Z£nW kmhn-{Xn-bpw.
FhnsS bÚ-ap­v AhnsS Z£n-Wb - p-­v. FhnsS Z£n-
W-bp­v AhnsS bÚ-hp-ap-­v. c­pw c­p tbm\n-I-
fmWv; Hcp anYp-\-hpw.

I s F X - ² mk vs s a X Z zn- Z zmw- k - t am- ] - I mc o
amkkvXp {_Ò-Nmco tX kwØnX CXn.
hnZzm\pw ]tcm-]-Im-cn- bp- amb alm-cm- Pm-hmb A§sb
tkhn-¡p-¶X- n\v Cu {_Ò-Nmcn h¶p tNÀ¶n-cn-¡p-¶p.
AssYXw B kwkvXp-cm-Nn¯ Gh NntXm-
_-`qh AtYm-¯mb {]mhm-Po-Zn-Xn.
Cu {_Ò Nmcn A§-bpsS ASp-s¯¯n Úm\
]qÀ®-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\p-tijw At±lw
AhnsS \n¶v t]mbn.
GXZzm Alw thZ ss\Xmkp tbm\n-tjzX
GtXt`ym hm anYp-t\`yx kw`-htXm {_Ò-Nmco
aa ]pcp-bpjx t{]bm-Zn-Xn.
]ns¶ At±lw ]dªp:þ "Ct¸mÄ Rm\Xv a\vk-
kn-em-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu tbm\n-If
- ntem Cu anYp-\-§-
fntem IS-¶p-h¶ Fsâ Hcp {_Ò-Nm-cnbpw Aev]m-bp-
Êm-bn-cn-¡p-I-bn-Ã.
NXpÀ° JWvUnI
{_Ò tlZw {inb {]Xn-jvTm-am-b-X\
- s
- sa-£X
X¯-sskyIm bZn XXv {_qtX £ntbXv XXv
ktXy {]XyXn-jvT-Xv.
{_Ò {io{]-Xn-jvTm-b-X\
- §
- Ä I­p. X]Êp sN¿-
Ww. Xt]m-{hXw [cn-¡p¶ ]£w kXy-¯n\v {]Xn-jvT-
bp-­m- Ipw.
k khnXm kmhn{Xym {_mÒWw krjvSzm
XXv kmhnt{Xm ]cy-Z-[m-Xv.
B khn-Xmhv kmhn-{Xn-bn \n¶v {_mÒ-Ws\
krjvSn-¨p. kmhn-{Xnsb hf-ªp.
XXv khn-X qÀ htcWyw CXn kmhn{Xymx
{]Yax ]mZx
kmhn-{Xn-bpsS H¶m-as¯ ]mZw "XXv khn-X qÀ
htcWyw' F¶m-Wv.
]rYnho ENw ka-[m-Xv.
ENm Aánw, Aán\m {inbw {inbm kv{Xnbw
kv{Xn tbm anYp-\w. anYp-t\\ {]Pmw. {]Pbm IÀ½
IÀ½Wm X]x X]km kXyw. ktXy\ {_Òm
{_ÒWm {_mÒ-Ww. {_mÒ-tW\ hvXcw. {htX
\ssh {_mÒWx kw intXm `h-Xn. Aiqt\ym
`h-Xn. Ahn-Ñnt¶m `h-Xn.
]rYzn-tbm-Sp-IqSn E¡ns\ tbmPn-¸n¨p. E¡n-t\mSv
Aán-s b, Aán-t bmSv {iosb, {iotbmSv kv{Xosb,
kv{XotbmSv anYp-\s¯; anYp-\-t¯mSv {]P-sb; {]P-bmÂ
IÀ½s¯ ; IÀ½ - ¯ m X]- Ê ns\; X]- Ê n- \ mÂ
N P
439
kXys¯; kXy-¯m {_Òm-hns\; {_Òm-hn-\m K
{_mÒ-Ws\; {_mÒ-W-\m {hXs¯; {_mÒ-W³ {hX-
¯m Xs¶ Xo£vW\ - m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. ]qÀ®\pw Ahn-
Ñn-¶\
- p-am-bn-¯ o-cp-¶p.
Ahn-Ñ nt¶m ky X´p- c -h n- Ñ n¶w Poh\w
`hXn b Ghw htZXv bssÝhw hnZzm-t\-ht- aXw
kmhn{Xymx {]Yaw ]mZw hymNjvtS
bmsXm-cmÄ Cu hn[w Adn-bp-¶p, Adnªv AXns\
th­ hn[-¯n hymJym-\n-¡p¶p; Abm-fpsS hwihpw
Pohn-Xhpw Ahn-Ñn-¶-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
]Ýa IWvUnI
`Àt¤m tZhky [oa-loXn kmhn{Xymx ZznXobx
]mZx
kmhn-{Xn-bpsS c­m-as¯ ]mZw "`Àt¤m tZhkym
[oaln' F¶m-Wv.
A´- c o- t £W bPpx ka- Z - [ mXv bPpjm
hmbpw hmbp\m A{`w, At{`W hÀjw hÀtjW
Huj[n h\- k v] - X o³, Huj[o h\- k v ] -X o`ox
]iq³, ]ip`ox IÀ½, IÀ½Wm X]x, X]km
kXyw, ktXy\ {_mÒ-W m, {_mÒWw {_mÒ-
tW-\, {hXw {htX-\. ssh {_mÒWx kwintXm
`h-Xy-hn-Ñnt¶m `h-Xn.
A´-co-£-¯m bÖpÊv kpkw-Ln-S-X-am-Ip-¶p.
bÖpÀth-Z¯- m hmbp-hns\; hmbp-hn-\m taLs¯;
taL-¯m hÀjs¯; hÀj-¯m Huj[n h\-kv]-Xn-
Isf Hmj-Zn-h-\k
- v]-X-I-em P´p-¡sf; P´p-¡-fmÂ
{]hÀ¯-\-§sf; {]hÀ¯-\§ - -fm X]-Êns\; X]-Ên-
\m kXys¯; kXy-¯m {_Òs¯; {_Ò-¯mÂ
{_mÒ-Ws\; {_mÒ-W-\m {hXs¯; {hX-¯m {_mÒ-
W³ Xo£vW\pw Ahn-Ñn-¶\ - p-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
Ahn-Ñn-t¶mky X´p-ch- n-Ñn¶w Poh\w `h-
Xnb Ghw htZXv bssÝhw hnZzm- t\-h - taXw
kmhn{Xymx {]Yam ]mZw hymN-jvtS.
bmsXm-cmÄ C§s\ CX-dn-bp-¶p, Adnªv C§s\
th­-hn[w hymJym-\n-¡p- ¶p. AbmÄ Xsâ hwi-s¯bpw
Xs¶bpw Ahn-Ñn-¶-am-¡p-¶p.
jjvT IWvUnI
1. "[ntbm tbm \x {]tNm-Z-bmXv CXn kmhn{Xymx
XrXobx ]mZx
kmhn-{Xn-bpsS aq¶m-as¯ ]mZw "[ntbm tbm \x
{]tNm-Z-bmXv' F¶m-Ip¶p
Znhm kma ka-Z-[m-Xv, kmav\m BZn-Xyw, BZn-
tXy\ civao³, civan`nx hÀjw, hÀtjW Hmj[n
 440

I h\-kv]-Xo³, Hmj-[n-h-\-kv]-Xn`yx ]iq³, ]ip`nx A`n-]-¶hpw {Kkn-Xhpw ]cm-ar-jvS-hp-amWv; C{µ-\mÂ

K
IÀ½ IÀ½Wm X]x, X]-km kXyw, ktXy\ {]mW³ A`n-]- ¶hpw {Kkn-Xhpw ]cm-ar-jvS-hp-amWv; {]mW-
{_Ò, {_ÒWm {_mÒ-Ww, {_mÒ-tW\ {hXw, \m a\Êv A`n-]-\-\hpw a\-Ên-\m hm¡v A`n-]¶ - hpw
{htX\ ssh {_mÒWx kwintXm `h-Xy-iqt\ym {Kkn-Xhpw ]cm-ar-jvS-hp-am-Ip¶p; hm¡n-\m thZ-§Ä
`h-Xy-hn-NvOnt¶m `h-Xn. Ahn-Ñnt¶m ky X´p- A`n-]¶§fpw {Kkn-X-§fpw ]cm-hr-jSv -§-fp-am-Wv. thZ-
a-hn-Ñn¶w Poh\w `hXn b Ghw thZ bssÝhw §-fm bÚw {]m]vXhpw {Kkn-Xhpw ]cm-hr-jvS-hp-am-
hnZzm- t \- h - t aXw km- h n- X ym- k v X r- X obw ]mZw Wv. C§-s\-bpÅ Úm\w DÄs¡mÅp-¶-h-cn ]{´­p
hymNjvt S alm-`q-X§
- Ä {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-Ip-¶p. Ch-bn bÚ-amWv
kÀh-t{i-jvTw.
Zyptem-It- ¯mSp IqSn kmas¯ tbmPn-¸n-¡p-¶p.
kma-t¯mSv BZn-Xys\; BZn-Xy-t\mSp civa-Isf; civan-I- X l kvssa Xtah hnZzmwkm a\ytX hnssZy-
tfmSv hÀjs¯; hÀj-t¯mSv Hmj-[n-h-\-k] v -Xn-Isf; Hmj- \-anXn bYm XYyw hnZzmwkx
[n-h\
- k
- v ]X
- n-Isf arK-§-tfmSv; arK-§sf IÀ½-t¯mSv;
R§Ä¡v bÚ-s¯-¸än Adn-bm-sa¶v Nn´n-¡p¶
IÀ½s¯ X]-Ên-t\mSv; X]- Êns\ kXy- t¯m-Sv; kXys¯
hnZzm³amÀ ]ecpw AX-dn-bp-¶n-Ã.
{_Ò-t¯mSv; {_Òs¯ {_mÒ-W-t\mSv; {_mÒ-Ws\
{_Ò-{h-Xt¯mSv; {hX-¯m {_mÒ-W³ Xo£vW\pw Abw btÚm thtZjp {]Xn-jvTnXx thZm
]qÀ®-\p-am-Ip-¶p. Ahsâ hwiw Ahn-Ñn-¶-am-Ip-¶p. CXv hmNn-{]-Xn-jvTn-Xmx, hmMv a\kn {]Xn-jvTn-Xm, a\x
a\-Ên-em¡n kmhn-{Xn-bpsS XrXob ]mZs¯ hymJym-\n- {]mtW {]Xn-jvTn-Xw, {]mtWm Aáu {]Xn-jvTn-
¡p-¶-h³ Xsâ hwi Pohn-Xs¯ Ahn-Ñn-¶-am-¡p-¶p. Xx, A¶w `qau {]Xn-jvTn-Xw, `qanx c]vkp {]Xn-
jvT n-Xx, A¶w `qau {]Xn-jv Tn-Xw, `qanx c]vk p
k]vX -a-I -W vUnI {]Xn-jvTn-Xx, A¶w `qau {]Xn-jvTn-Xw, `qanx c]vkp
tX\ lhm Ghw hnZqjm {_mÒ-tW\ {_Òm- {]Xn- j vT n- X m, Bt]m-t Pym-X njn {]Xn-j vT n-X mx,
`n-]¶w {KknXw ]cm-ar-jvSw. tPymXnÀhmbu {]Xn-jvTn-Xm, hmbp-cm-Imti {]Xn-
jv Tn-Xx, BImiw {_ÒWn {]Xn-jvTn-Xw, {_Ò
kmhn- {Xn-bpsS aq¶p ]Z§fpw Adn-bp¶ {_mÒ-W³ hnZn {]Xn-jvTn-Xw.
{_Ò-{]m-]vX\pw {Kkn-X\pw AXn-\m ]cm-ar-jvS-\p-am-
Ip-¶p. tbm l hm Ghw hnXv k {_Ò-hn-Xv, ]pWyw
NIoÀ¯nw e`- t X, kpc`owÝ KÔm³. tkm
{_ÒWm BIm-k - a -`n- ] ¶w {Kkn- X w, ]cm- ]lX ]m]va m A\´mw {inb am]vt\m-X n. b
arjvSw BIm-ti\ hmbp-c-`n-]t¶m {Kkn-Xx, ]cm- Ghw thZ bssÝhw hnZym-t\-h-taXmw thZm\mw
ar-jvSx, hmbp\m tPymXn-c`- n-]t¶m {KknXx ]cm- amXcw kmhn{Xow k¼-Z-ap-]\
- n-jZ ap]mkvX CXn
arjvSw `qaym-¶-a-`n-]¶w {KknXw ]cm-ar-jvSw, ]cm- {_mÒ-W w.
arjv Sx tPymXn-jm-am-t]m-`n-]t¶m {Kkn-Xx, ]cm-
arjvSmx AZv`nÀ`qan At¶\ {]mtWm-` n-] t¶m Cu bÚw thZ-¯ n {]Xn-jvT n-X -am-W v. thZw
{KknXx ]cm- a rjv S x {]mtW\ at\m`n]¶w hm¡n {]Xn-jvTn-Xa - m-Ip-¶p. hm¡v a\-Ên {]Xn-jvTn-X-
{KknXw ]cm-ar-jvSw, a\km hmK-`n-]¶m {KknXm am-Wv. a\Êv {]mW-\n {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-Wv, {]mW³ A¶-
]cm-arjvSmx! thssZÀbtÚm A`n-h¶x {KknXx ¯n {]Xn-jvTn-Xa - m-Ip¶p; A¶w `qan-bn {]Xn-jvTn-X-
]cm-arjvSx Xm\n lhm GXm\n Zzm Zi alm `qXm- am-Ip¶p; `qan Pe-¯n {]Xn-jT v n-X-am-W.v Pew tXP-ÊnÂ
t\yh hnZn {]Xn- j v T n- X m- \ n. tXjmw bÚ - {]Xn-jvTn-Xa
- mWv; tXPÊv hmbp-hn {]Xn-jvTn-Xa - mWv;
kvtXjmw ]cmÀ[yx hmbp BIm-i-¯n {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-Ip-¶p. BImiw {_Ò-
¯n {]Xn-jvTn-Xa - mWv; {_Ò-th-¯mhv {_mÒ-W-\nÂ
{_Ò-¯m BImiw {]m]vXhpw {Kkn-Xhpw ]cm- {]Xn-jvTn-Xa - mWv; CX-dn-bp¶ {_Ò-Úm\n ]pWyhpw
ar-jvS-hp-am-Ip-¶p. BIm-i¯
- m hmbp {]m]vXhpw {Kkn- IoÀ¯nbpw t\Sp-¶p. kpc-`ne KÔw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. B
Xhpw ]cm-ar-jvS-hp-amWv; hmbp-hn-\m tPymXnÊv A`n-]- hyàn ]m]-lo-\-\mbn A\-´-amb sFiz-cys¯ {]m]n-
¶hpw {Kkn-Xhpw ]cm- ar-jvS-hp-amWv; tPymXn-Ên-\m Pew ¡p- ¶p.
{]m]vXhpw {Kkn-Xhpw ]cm-ar-jvS-hp-amWv; Pe-¯mÀ ]rYzn
{]m]vXhpw {Kkn-Xhpw ]cm-ar-jvS-hp-am-W.v `qan-bm A¶w Kmb{Xn D]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

Q
N P
 441
I K
1 Kmb-{Xo-c-l-tkym-]-\n-j¯v 3
Hmw kzkvXkn²w Hmw \tam {_ÒtW Hmw
\akv I rXy bmÚhev I yx Ejn kzbw `phw
]cn]rÑXn\ tl {_Ò³, Kmb{Xym DXv] ¯nw
t{imXpanÑman AYmtXm hknjvT x kzbw`phw
]cn]rÑnXn tbm {_Ò k {_tÒmhmN {_Ò
Úmt\mXv ]t¯ {]IrXnw hymJymkymax tIm
\ma kzb`px ]pcpj CXn tX\mwKpeoaYyam\mXv
kenea`hXv kenemXv t^\mXv _pZv_pZa`hXv
_pZv_pZmZÞa`hXv AÞmXv {_Òm A`hXv
{_ ÒtWm hmbp c`hXv h mtbm cá nc `h Xv
AtátcmwImtcm`hXv Hm¦mcmXv hymlrXnc`hXv
hymlrXym Kmb{Xym kmhn{Xy `hXv kmhn{Xymx
kc kzXy `hX v kc kzX ymx kÀ th thZ mx
A`h³ kÀth`ymx temtI`yx kÀhm temImx
A`h³ kÀtht`ym temtI`yx kÀth {]mWn
t\m `hXv
Hmw awKfw `hn¡s«. kIeÀ¡pw kn²nbp­mIs«.
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tNmZn¡p¶p. Kmb{Xn F§s\bp­mbn? At±lw
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D­mbn.
AYmtXm Kmb{Xo hymlrImÝ hymlrXbx
Inw `qx Inw `phx Inw al Inw P\x Inw X]x Inw
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bx \x {]tNmZbmXv CsXms¡ F´v? ChbpsS kzcq]
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tZhky tXPkznbmb C{µsâ [oaln F¶Xv t{]cW
bv¡pff CÑbpsS tZymXIamWv. Npcp¡¯n Kmb{Xn
kIe temI¯nsâbpw tZhXIfpsSbpw {]XoIamWv.
km N I nwtK m{Xm IXy £cm IXn] Zm
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km N XnÀ hnwi Xy£cm Kmb{Xo {Xn]mZm
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 442
I AXnsâ tKm{XtaXmWv? AXv F{X A£capff
XmWv? AXn\v F{X ]mZamWv? F{X Ip£nbp­v?
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Ifpw A©v incÊpw AXn\p­.v
]mZ§Ä GXv, Ip£nIÄ GXv, incÊv Gh?
EtKzZamWv AXnsâ H¶mas¯ ]mZw. bÖpÀthZw
c­mas¯Xpw kmathZw aq¶mas¯Xpw AYÀhthZw
\memas¯Xpw ]mZamWv ]qÀhZn¡v H¶mas¯ Ip£n.
Z£nW Zn¡v c­mas¯ Ip£n, D¯cZn¡v \memas¯
Ip£n, BImiw A©mas¯ Ip£n, Xmsg `qan
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hymIcWamWv AXnsâ BZys¯ incÊv, in£
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s¯Xv, tPymXnjw A©mas¯Xv.
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Ifmb tZhXIÄ \nfs¡mffp¶p? AhbpsS hnkvXmc
sa´v? kzcw e£Ww Ch GXmWv? BcmWv A[njvTm
XtZhn? EjnIÄ Bcv? OµÊv F´v? iànIÄ GsX
Ãmw? GXp XXzamWv? Ahbh§tfh?
Kmb{Xn ]qÀhZn¡nsâXmWv. \ndw Nph¸mWv, heXp
hi¯v kmhn{Xn AXnsâ \ndw shffbmWv, ]Snªmdv
kckzXn AXnsâ \ndw Idp¸v, [ym\amWv A\pjvtTbw
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N P
bpw {_Òkzcq]nWnbpamWv. a[yamkÔym hrj hmln
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A£ame Ch [cn¡p¶p. lwkmcqVbmWv. {_ÒmZn
tZhkzcq]nWnbpw EtKzZ klnXbpw kqcyamÀ¤¯nÂ
k©cn¡p¶hfpw ]rYznbn \nhkn¡p¶hfpamWv.
a[ymÓ ImenI kÔybphXnbpw kzÑbpw shff
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Imiy]ajvSma£ amt{Xb tatIm\ hnwiau±me
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auevK eyw NXpÀhnwiamwKnkyw sshizml{X
anXm {]Xy£cmWm ZrjvStbm `h´n.
Cu Kmb{Xn Aán hmbp kqcycq]hpw Blh\obw
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kmaw Cu cq]¯nepffXpw BWv `qx `phx kz Ch
hymlrXncq]hpw {]mXx Imew a[ymÓw kmbmÓw Cu
 443
I cq]¯nepffXpw kXzcPkvXtamKpW§sf {]Xn\n
[m\w sN¿p¶Xpw {_Òi¦hnjv Wpamsc e£yam¡n
bXpw Kmb{Xn PKXn {XnjvSp¸v Cu OµÊpIÄ DÄs¡m
ffp¶Xpw {_ÒabhpamIp¶p.
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c­mas¯Xv {]Pm]Xnsbbpw,ap¶mas¯Xv N{µs\bpw,
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ensâ BwKnctKm{XP\mb hnizman{X³,
Kmb{Xn {XnjvSp]v PKXn A\pjvSp]v ]wàn
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 444
I bXn kmbw {]Xc[obmt\m P·IrXw ]m]w\m
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P]n¨mes¯ ^ew kn²n¡p¶p. AbmÄ kIe thZ§
fpw A[yb\w sNbvXh\mbn.AbmÄ kIe XoÀ°§
fnepw kv \m\w sNbvX ^ew t\Sp¶p. aZy]m\ ]m]
¯n \n¶v apà\mIp¶p.A`£y`£W]m]¯nÂ
tamNn¡s¸Sp¶p. {_ÒmNmcnbsænepw {_ÒNmcn
s¡m¯ tXPÊv t\Sp¶p. aZy]m\tZmjw \in¡p¶p.
F«p {_mÒWsc CXv ]Tn¸n¡p¶ ]£w {_ÒtemI
¯nte¡v t]mIp¶p. C{]Imcw {]Pm]Xnbmb {_Òmhv
]dªv a\Ênem¡ns¡mSp¯p.
Kmb{Xocltkym]\nj¯v kam]n¨p.
- -cq-]mb |
1. k¨n-Zm-\µ
IrjvWm-bm-¢n-ã-Im-cntW |
\tam thZm-´-th-Zymb |
Kpcth _p²n-km-£ntW ||
k¨n-Zm-\-µ-cq-]\pw A¢n-ã-Im-cnbpw thZm-´thZy\pw
Kpcphpw _p²n-km-£n-bp-amb IrjvW\v \a-kI v m-cw.
2. ap\tbm l ssh {_Òm-Wa - qNpx Ix ]c-tam-
tZhx. IptXm arXypÀ_n-t`-Xn. Iky hnÚm-t\\
AJnew `mXn. tIt\Zw hnizw kwk-c-Xo-Xn. XZp-
tlm-hmN {_Òm {ioIrjvtWm ssh ]c-aw-s sZ-
hXw tKmhn-µm-· rXypx _nt`Xn tKm]o-P -\ -h -Ã -` -
Úm-t\\ XXv ÚmXw `h-Xn. kzmtlZw kc-kz-
XoXn XZp tlmNp. Ix IrjvtWm tKmhn-µ-ÝtIm
kmhn{Xn tKm]o- P - \ - h - Ã `x Ix, Im kztlXn
Xm\phm {_Òm, ]m]-IÀ½tWm tKm`qan thZ-hn-
 445

I ZntXm thZnXm tKm]n-P\m hnZym-Ip-em-t{]-cIx AhÀ tNmZn¨p [ym\-tbm-Ky-\mb {ioIr-jvW cq]w K

X·mbm tNXn kIew ]cw {_ssÒ-Xt- Zym-[ym-bXn F§-s \- b mWv? At±- l -¯ nsâ \mam-a r-X -c -k m-b \w
ckXn `PXn tkm f artXm `hXn tkm f artXm F§s\ km[n¡pw? F§-s\-bmWv At±-ls¯ `Pn-t¡-
`h-X oXn. ­Xv? R§Ä¡v C¡m-c y-§-s fÃmw ]d-ª p-X -c -W w.
{_Òmhp ]dªp `K-hmsâ [ym\-tbm-Ky-amb cq]w _me-
Hcn-¡Â {_Òm-hn-t\mSv ap\n-amÀ tNmZn-¨p. GXp tZh-
sâ-Xm-W.v tKm]-th-j-amWv Xcp-W\pw Iev]-hr-£m- {in-X-\p-
X-bmWv kÀh-t{i-jSv -am-bn-«p-ÅXv? Bsc-bmWv arXyp `b-
am-W.v AsX kw_-Ôn¨ tÇmI-§Ä D­v.
s¸-Sp-¶Xv? BcpsS XXzw \Ã-t]mse {Kln-¨m kÀhhpw
Adn-bm³ km[n-¡p¶p? Cu PK¯v BcpsS t{]cW Xma-c-¡-®\pw taLm-`\pw sshZyp-Xmw-_\pw Zzn`p-
sIm­mWv Bhm-K-a-§-fn Id- -§n-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-¶Xv? P\pw Úm\-ap-{Zm-Vy\pw h\-am-enbpw Cuiz-c\pw tKm]-
AXn\v {_Òmhv D¯cw \ÂIn kÀh-t{i-jT v - tZ-h³ {ioIr- tKm- ] mw- K-\m-]-co-X\pw Znhym-e-¦m-c-bp- à\pw cXv\-]-¦- P-a- [y-
jvW-\m-Wv. At±lw Xs¶ tKmhn-µ³ arXyphpw At±- K\pw Imfn-µn-bnse ioX-f-hm-X -taÂ-¡p-¶-h \pw Bb
ls¯ `b-s¸-Sp-¶p. tKm]o-P-\-h-Ã-`sâ XXzw {Kln-¡p-¶- IrjvWs\ Nn´n-¡p-¶-h³ kwkmc ZpxJ apà-\m-Ip-¶p.
h\v Adn-ªp-Iq-Sm-¯-Xmbn H¶pw D­m-hn-Ã. kzmlm-cq-]n- 3. Xky ]p\x ck\m `P\ `qan- µ p- k w- ] mXx
Wn-bmb amb-bpsS t{]c-W-bm-emWv Cu PK-s¯Ãmw Imam- Zn-Ir-jvW m-tb-t XyIw ]Zw tKmhnµm tbXn,
Bhm-K-a\ N{I-¯n s]«v Id-§p-¶-Xv. ap\n-amÀ ho­pw ZznXobw tKmhn-tµ-t\-X n, XrXobw hÃ-` m-t b-X n,
tNmZn-¨p. IrjvW-\m-cmWv? tKmhn-µ³ BcmWv? tKm]o-P- Xpcobw kzmtl-Xn, ]©-a-anXn ]©-]Zow {]P-]³
\-h-Ã-`³ BcmWv? kzmlm BcmWv? CsXÃmw ]- dªp Xcp- ]©mwKw Znhym-`qan kqcym-N-{µ-aku kmáoX{Zq-
I. {_Òmhv ]d-ªp. {ioIr- jvW³ ]m]-lm-cn-bm-Wv. tKmhn- ]- X bm {_Ò kw]-Z ytX {_Ò k¼- ZyX CXn
µm³ F¶ t]cn At±lw ]ip-¡Ä, `qan thZ-hmWn XtZj tÇmIx ¢oan-tXy- h m-Zm-h m-Zmb Irjva mb
F¶nh Adn-bp-¶-h-s\¶ \ne-bn {]kn-²-\m-b-cn-¡p-¶p. tbmKw tKmhn-µm-bmX N tKm]o-P-\-h-Ã-`mb _rlZv
tKm]o- P-\-h- Ã-`\pw Ahn- Zym- lm- cnbpw `à- I-fmb tKm]n- am- cn L\w iymaw XZ-]yp-¨-tctZym KXnkvX kymkvXn
FÃmw Úm\- a-bo- hn- Zy- I-sfbpw Adp- ]-¯n- \mep Ie- I-sfbpw aw£p \m\ym KXnx kymZnXn `àn-cky `P\w XZn-
]qÀ¯o- I-cn- ¡p- ¶- h-\p- am- Wv. At±- l-¯nsâ ambm- i-àn- bmWv lm-a p-t{Xm-] m-[ n-s s\-c m-tiy-s s\-h m- a p-j va n³ a\x
kzmlm. CsXÃmw Cuiz- csâ cq]§Ä Xs¶. C§s\ {ioIr- Iev]-\-ta-X-tZh N ss\jvIÀ½yw IrjvWw k´w
jvW-s\¶ t]cn ]c-{_Òw Xs¶- bmWv hnJym-X-\m-bn-«p- hn{]m _lp[m bP-´n. tKmhnµw k´w _lp[m
Å-Xv. At±-l-¯nsâ cq]w [ym\n-¡p-Ibpw \maw P]n-¡p- ck-´n. tKm]o-P-\-h-Ãt`m `ph-\m\n Zt{[ kzmlm-
Ibpw sN¿p-¶Xv AsÃ-¦n KpW-IoÀ¯\w sN¿p-¶Xv {intXm PK-ssZ-P-bXv kptcXmx hmbp-Xy-ssYtIm
BcmtWm Ah³ Aar- X-Xz- ¯n\v AÀl-\m- Ip- ¶p. `ph\w {]XnjvtTm Pt\y Pt\y ]©-cqt]m _`q-
h. Ir j vW - k vX - s s Y - t Im] n PK- ² n- X mÀ ° w
2. tX tlmNpx, Inw X{Zq]w Inw ck\w IYw
i_vtZmku ]©-]tZm hn`m-XoXn
hm f tlm XZv `P-\ w, XXv kÀhw hnhn-j -Zmam
JymloXn XZp tlmhmN sslcmWy tKm]th BZn-bn ¢ow F¶ Ima-_oPw sh¨v {ioIr-jvWm-
aja {`m`w XcpWw Iev]-{Zp-am-k -c v# nXw XZnl b, tKmhn-µm-b, tKm]o-P-\h
- Ã- -`-m-b. F¶o aq¶p ]Z-§-
tÇmImx `h´n sfbpw kzmlm klnXw D¨-cn-¡p¶ D]m-k-I³ thKw
Xs¶ {ioIr-jvW-\p-ambn sFIyw t\Sn apàn {]m]n-¡pw.
kXv ]pÞ-coI \b\w | CXn-\v-CX
- n \n¶p `n¶-amb asämcp KXn-bp-an- Ã. At±l-
taLm`w sshZyp-Xmw-_cw | ¯n-epÅ `àn Xs¶- bmWv `P- \w. km[-I³ kÀh t`mtK-
Zzn`pPw Úm\-ap-{ZmVyw | Ñ-Ifpw ssIhn-«-a-\Êpw C{µn-b-§fpw At±-l-¯n Xs¶
kaÀ¸n-¡p- ¶-XmWv b`- P\w CXmWv bYmÀ° kw\ym- kw.
hm\-am-en-\-ao-izcw |
thZ-Ú-·mÀ ]e-hn-[-¯n At±-ls¯ D]m-kn-¡p-¶p.
tKm]-tKm-]mw-K-\m-hnXw | k¼qÀ® PKZv kwc-£- I-\mb At±lw Xs¶ tKm]o-P-\-
kpc-{Zp-a -X-em-{inXw | h-Ã-`³ At±lw Xsâ kzmlm-[m-cn-Wn-bmb amb-bpsS
Znhym-e-¦m-c-tWm-t]Xw | iàn sIm­v Cu hnizw krãn-¨p. k¼qÀ® {]]-©-
¯nepw Htc Bßmhp Xs¶. F¶m AXv Hmtcm ico-c-
- -tÃme |
cXv\ ]¦-P-a-[yKw Imfn-µo-P-eI
¯nepw {]mW³ XpS-§nb A©p cq]-§-fn can-¡p-¶-
kwKo-am-cpX tkhnXw | Xp-t]mse {ioIr-jW v ³ GI-\m-sW- ¦nepw Cu a{´-¯nÂ
Nn´-b³ tNXkm IrjvWw | A©p \ma-§Ä tNÀ¶-h-\mbn tXm¶p-¶p. a{´-¯nÂ
aptàm `hXn kwkrtXx | kqNn-¸n¨ A©p-\m-a-§epw Htc IrjvW-s\¯s¶ {^Xn-
]m-Zn-¡p- ¶-Xm-W.v

N P
 446

I 4. tX tlmNpx D]m- k -\ - ta- X ky ]c-am-ß t\m ¶-h\pw \nXy-cn \nXy\pw ssNX-\y-§-fn ssNX-\y-\p-
K
tKmhn-µ ky AJn-e m-[ m-c ntWm {_qlo-X v, Xm\p- amb B IrjvWs\ ap¼p ]dª ]oT- ¯n {]Xn-jvTn-¡-
hmN {_Òm, b¯ky ]oTw sslcWy aã-]-em- Ww. A§s\ At±-ls¯ AÀ¨n-¡p-¶-hÀ ]c-a-kn-²n¡v
i-a w-_ pPw XZ- ´ -c m-a - e m- { k- b pKw XZ-´ - c m- _ ym- A[n-Im-cn-I-fm-Ip-¶p. hnjvWp-hnsâ ]c-a-]-Z-cq-]-¯n-epÅ
hÀ®w hnen-JnX IrjvWmb \ax CXn _oPmVyw Cu a{´w \nXyhpw sNmÃp-Ibpw ]qPn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-
k{_m-ÒWw cm[m-bm-\ w-K-a\p Kmb{Xnw bYm-h- hÀ¡v tKm]-cq-]n-bmb IrjvW³ Xsâ ]c-a-]Zw s]s«¶p
Zvhym-h-Py-`q-a-Þew aqe thãnXw IrXzmw-K-hm-kp- Xs¶ Im«n-s¡m-Sp-¡pw.
tZ-hmZn cpIvan-WymZn kzi-ào-{µmZn hmkp-tZ-hmZn
6. tbm {_ÒmWw hnZ-[mXn ]qÀhw |
]mÀ°mZn \n[ym-bnXw btPXv k¶ymky {]Xn-]-
¯n-`n-cq-]Nm ssckvtX \mkym-Jnew `h-X y-Jnew tbm hnZym-kvXkvssa tbm]-bXn kvaIrjvWx |
`h-X oXn Xw l tZhm ßhr¯n {]Imiw |
ap\namÀ ho­pw tNmZn¨p. hniz-¯n-s\Ãmw B[m-c-`q- apap-£pÀssh ic-W-aapw {htPXv |
X-\mbn IrjvWs\§-s\-bmWp ]mkn-t¡-­Xv AXv hnh- HmwIm-tc-Wm-´-cnXw tbm P]Xn |
cn-¡p-I-þ-A-Xp-tI«v {_Òmhv Irjvas\ hÀ®n¨v ]dªp tKmhn-µky ]©-]Zw a\pw Xw |
]oT-¯n kzÀ® Iaew \nÀ½n-¡Ww AXn F«p-Z- f-§- Xssky-hmku ZÀitb Zmß-cq]w |
fp-­m-bn-cn-¡-Ww. AXnsâ \Sp¡v c­p {XotIm-W-§Ä
Xkvam-·p-ap-£p-c-`y-tk-¶n-Xy-imss´y |
AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯-Ww. Ah ]c-kv]cw tNÀ¶n-cn-¡-Ww.
C§s\ Bdp-tIm-W§ - Ä \nÀ½n-¡p-I. tImW-§-en GX kvamZ-t\y-]© - -]Z- m-Z-`q-h³ |
ØnXn sN¿p¶ IÀ®n-Ib - n kIe A`o-ã-§fpw km[n- tKmhn-µky a\thm am\-hm\mw |
¸n-¡p¶ Ima-_oPw AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯-Ww ]ns¶ Hmtcm ZimÀ®m-ZymkvtX A]n kw{I-µ-\mssZyþ
tImWnepw ¢nw _oP-bp-à-amb IrjvWmb \ax {Ia-ambn
c`y-kt´ `qan-Im-ssaÀb-Ym-hXv ||
Hmtcm A£-c-ambn Fgp-XWw {_Ò-a-{´hpw Ima-Km-b-
{Xnbpw FgpXn F«p h{P-§-fm Bth-ãn-X-amb ]rYzn krãn-¡p-ap¼v {_Òm-hns\ krãn¨v At±-l-¯n\v
aÞew \nÀ½n-¡-Ww. ]ns¶ AwK³ hmkp-tZ-h³ cpIva- thZ-Úm\w \ÂIn At±-l- s¯- s¡m­v kma-Km\w Be-
Wn, C{µ³, hkp-tZ-h³, ]mÀ°³, \n[n F¶nh Aãm-h- ]n-¸n¨v kIe Pohn-IÄ¡pw _p²n-{]-Imiw \ÂIn hncm-
c- W-§Ä tNÀ¯v ]qPn-¡- Ww. aq¶p kÔy- I-fnepw tjmU- Pn-¡p¶ `K-hm³ IrjvWs\ apap-£p-¡Ä icWw {]m]n-
im-Nmc ]qP-IÄ aptJ\ {ioIr-jvWs\ ]qPn-¡-Ww. ¡p-¶p. `K-hm³ tKmhn-µsâ ]©-]-Zo-a{´w Hmw Imcw
tNÀ¯v P]n-¡p¶ km[-I\v Xma-kn-bmsX At±-l-¯nsâ
5. XZnl tÇmImx `h´n ZÀi-\-ap-­m-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m kwkm-c-_-Ô- ¯n \n¶v
GtIm hio kÀhKx IrjvW CuUyx | tamN\w B{K-ln-¡p¶ km[-I³ \nXy-im-´n-¡mbn apI-
GtIm]n k³ _lp[m thm hn`mXn Xw | fn kqNn-¸n-¨-a{´w Xs¶ P]n-¡-Ww. Cu ]©-]Z- o-a-{´-
]oTØw tb f \p`-P´n [ocm | ¯n \n¶p Xs¶-bmWv Zim-£- cmZn aäp-a-{´-§Ä D­m-
bn-«p-Å-Xv. B FÃm-a-{´-§fpw a\p-jyÀ¡v awKfw ssIh-
kvtXjmw kpJw imizXw t\X-tcjmw |
cp- ¯p-¶-h-bmWv sFizcyw B{K- ln- ¡p¶ C{µmZn tZh- ·mÀ
\ntXym \nXym\mw tNX-\-tÝ-X-\m\mw B a{´-§Ä Xs¶-bmWv P]n¨p sIm­n-cn-¡p-¶-X.v
GtIm _lq\mw tbm hnZ-[mXn Imam³ |
XtZ-Xky kzcq-]mÀ°w hmNm thZ-tbXn tX
Xw ]oTKw f tb\pb-P´n hn{]mþ ]{]-Ñp-kvXZp tlmhmN {_mÒWx A\-h-cXw tbm
kvtXjmw kn²nx imizXnx t\X-tcjmw | [ymX-kvXXx ]c-amÀ°mt´ tkm f _p[yX tKm]-
GXZv hnjvtWmx ]caw ]Zw tb | thtjm ta ]c-kvXm-Zm-hnÀ_-`qh XXx {]WtXm
\ntXym-Zypàm kwb-Pt´ \ ImamXv | abm A\p- I q- t e\ lrZm aly- a ãm ZimÀ®w
kzcq]w krãtb ZXzm A´ÀlnX CXn ]q\x
tXjm-aku tKm]-cq]x {]b-Xv\mXv |
hnkr-£ mta {]mZp-c -` q-t¯-j z-£ -tcjp `hn-jyZv
{]Im-i-tb-Zm-ß-]Zw XssZh || PK-{Zq]w {]Im-i-bw-kvX-Zm-l, A\p-Iq-te\ lrZm
kÀh-K\pw ]qP-\o-b\pw GI-s\-¦nepw At\-IYm al y- a - ã m- Z - i mÀ®w k zcq]w krã tb ZX zm
{]tim-`n-¡p-¶-h-\p-amb `K-h-ems\ `Pn-¡p-¶-hÀ¡mWv A´ÀlnX CXn BIm-i m- Zmt]m PemXv ]rYzn
imiz-X-kpJw aäp-Å-hÀ¡-Ã. imiz-X\pw \nXy\pw kÀhm- XtXm f ánÀ_n-tµm-cnµpx XXv k¼m-Zm-ZÀ¡x CXn
´-cym-an-bp-amb `K-hms\ bPn-¡p-¶-hÀ¡mWv im´n aäp- ¢owIm- c m-Z -k rPw IrjvW m- Zm-I miw JmZzm- b pcn
Å-hÀ¡-Ã. FÃm km[-I-cp-sSbpw A`n-ã-]qÀ¯n hcp-¯p- Xyp¯-cmXv kpc`n hnZym {]mZp-c m-IÀjw XZp-¯-

N P
 447

I cm¯p kv{Xo]p-amZn N CZw kIe anZw kI-e-an-Z- c­mw D]-\n-j¯v K

anXn GX sskyh bP-t\\ N{µ ZztPm KXtam
1. Hmw \tam hniz-cq-]mb |
lam-ßm\w thZ-bntXzmwImcm-´c \mfnIw a\p-am-
hÀ¯\w kwK- c -l ntXm f Xym]-X -¯ -Z znjv tWm hniz-Øn-Xy´ tlXth |
]caw ]Zw kZm ]iyXn kqcbx ZnZoh N£p-cm- hntiz-iz-cmb hnizmb |
XXw Xkvam-tZ-X-¶ n-X y-a-` y-tk-ZnXn XZm-l p-tctI tKmhn-µmb \tam \ax ||
bky {]Y-a-]-ZmXv `qanÀZzm-bp-Ý-c-amXv thymtaXn
hniz-cq- ]\pw hniz-kr-ãn-Øn-Xn-kw-lmc tlXp-hp- amb
sshjvWhw ]© hymlr-Xn-abw a{´w IrjvWm
tKmhn-µ\v \a-kvIm-cw.
h`mkw ssIh-ey-krssXy kXX amhÀ¯-tb-ZnXn
XZ{X KmYm 2. \tam hnÚm-\-cq-]mb |

bky ]qÀh-]-ZmZv `qanÀþ ]c-am-\-µ-cq-]ntW |

ZznXo-bmXv ken-tem-Ûhx | IrjvWmb tKm]o-\m-Ymb |

XrXo-bmXv tXP DZv`qXw | tKmhn-µmb \tam \ax ||

NXpÀ°mXv KÔ-hm-N\x | hnÚm-\-cq- ]\pw ]c-am-\-µ-cq-]n-bp-amb tKmhn-µ\v \a-

]ß-am-Zw-_-tcmev]¯n | kvIm-cw.

Xkvssa-thIw ka-`y-tkXv | 3. \ax Ia-et- \-{Xmb |

N{µ-[ztPm f Ka-ZznjvtWmx | - m-ent\ |
\ax Ia-ea
]caw ]Z-a-hybw | - m-`mb |
\ax Ia-e\
XtXm hnip²w hnaew | - tb \ax ||
Ia-em-]X
hntim-I-a-ti-j-tem-`mZnþ Ia- e - t\-{ X\pw Ia- e - a m-e nbpw Ia- e - \ m-` -\ p- a mb
\nckvX kwKaw b¯Zv | IrjvW\v \a-kI v m-cw.
]Zw ]©-]Zw XtZh k | 4. _Àl-]o-Um-`n-cm-amb |
hmkp-tZthm \ btXm-\y-ZkvXn || cmam-bm-IpWvT ta[tk |
XtaIw tKmhnµw k¨n-Zm-\µ hn{Klw ]©- cam-am-\-k-lw-kmb |
]Zw hrµm-ht\ kpc-`q-cp-l-X-em-ko\w kXXw ka- tKmhn-µmb \tam \ax ||
cp-ZvKtWm f lw ]c-abm kvXpXy tXmj-bman
abn ]oen-b-Wn-ª-h\pw cam am\-k-lw-k-\p-amb
{_Òmhv ]dªp `K-hms\ kvXpXn¨v Rms\sâ ]c- tKmhn-µ\v \a-kvIm-cw.
am-bpÊv hn\n-tbm-Kn-¨-t¸mÄ F\n¡v At±-l-¯nsâ tKm]-
th-j-[m-cn-bmb cq]-ZÀi\w e`n-¨p. At±lw F\n¡v Aãm- 5. Iwk-hw-i-hn-\m-imb |
Z-i m-£c a{´w D]-tZ-in¨ tijw krãn¡v t{]cW tIin-Nm-Wqc LmXnt\ |
\ÂIn. Rm³ Cu a{´-¯nse "I' F¶ A£-c-¯m hrj-Z-`-[z-P-h-µymb |
Pe-s¯bpw "e' sIm­v ]rYzn-sbbpw "Cu' sIm­v Aán- ]mÀ°-km-c-Ytb \ax ||
sbbpw A\p-kzm-c-¯m N{µ-s\bpw "¢ow' sIm­v kqcy-
s\bpw krãn-¨p. a{´-¯nse c­mw ]Z-amb IrjvWmb Iwk-tI-in-Nm-Wp-cm-Zn-I-fpsS l´mhpw ]mÀ°-km-c-
F¶Xp sIm­v BIm-i-s¯bpw hmbp-hn-s\bpw tKmhn- Yn-bp-amb IrjvW\v \a-kI v m-cw.
µmb F¶-Xp-sIm­v Ima-t[-\p-hn-s\bpw thZ-§-sebpw 6. thWp-hm-Z-\-io-emb |
tKm]o-P-\h - Ã
- -`mb F¶-Xn-\m kv{Xo ]pcp-j-·m-scbpw tKm]m-em-bm-ln-aÀ±nt\ |
krãn-¨p. HSp-hn-es¯ kzmlm F¶ ]Z-¯m Ncm-N-c-{]-
Imfn-µo-Ip-e-tem-emb |
]-©s¯ krãn-¨p. Cu Aãm-£-c-a-{´-¯m-emWv ]­v
N{µ-[z-P-cm-Pmhv taml-c-ln-X- \mbn ]qÀ®-amb Bß-Úm- teme IpÞ-e-[m-cntW ||
\- ¯n\v A[n- Im- cn- bm- bn- ¯oÀ¶-Xv. Cu a{´-¯m `K-hm³ thWp-h m-Z -\ - i o-e \pw Imfnµo Xoc-i m-e - \ p-a mb
IrjvWsâ tKmtem-I-[maw {]m]n-¡m³ Ign-bpw. IrjvW\v \a-kIv m-cw.
Cu a{´w-sIm­p kvXpXn-¡p-I.

N P
 448

I 7. hÃ-ho-\-b\mw t`mP | kwkmc kmKtc aáw | K

ames\ \rXy-im-ent\ | amap-²c PKZv Kptcm ||
\ax {]W-X-]m-emb | tl cpIvan-Wo-Im-´, kwkm-ck
- m-Kc
- -a-á-\mb Fs¶
{ioIr-jvWmb \tam \ax || D²-cn-¡-tW.
{]W-X-]m-e\pw tKm]o at\m-l-c-\p-amb I®\v \a- 12. tIih t¢i-l-cW |
kvIm-cw. \mcm-bW P\m˱\ |
- -cmb N |
8. \ax ]m]-{]m-imb tKmhÀ²-\[ tKmhnµ ]c-am-\µ |
]qX-\m-Po-hn-Xm-´ymb | amw kap-²-c-am-[hx ||
XrWm-hÀ¯ky lmcntW | t¢i-l-c-W-\mb P\mÀ±-\, am[-h, Fs¶ D²-cn-¡p-
]m] {]Wm-i\pw XrWm-hÀ¯mZn l´m-hp-amb tW.
IrjvW\v \a-kI
v m-cw. AY sslhw kvXpXn-`n-cm-cm-[-bman tX bqbw
9. \njvI-fmb hntam-lmb | XYm ]©-]Zw P]´x {ioIrjvWw [ymb´x kw
krXnw Xcn- j y- tY- X n. k tlmhmN ssNcWyx
ip²m-bm-ip² sshcntW |
Aapw ]©-]Zw a{´-am-hÀ-¯-tbZyx k bmXy\m
AZzn-Xo-bmb altX | bmkXx tIhew XXv At\- P - t ZIw a\tkm
{ioIr-jvWmb \tam \ax || Photbm ss\Z-t±hmx B]v\p-h³ ]qÀh-aÀj-ZnXn
\njvIf
- \pw Aip-²-ssh-cn-bpw-amb {ioIr-jW
v \v \a- XkvamXv IrjvW Gh ]tcm tZhx Xw [ymtb¯w
kvIm-cw. ctk¯w `tP¯m `tP-ZntXymw XXv kZnXn CXyp-
]-\ n-j-¯v.
10-. {]ko-Z-]-c-am-\µ |
ap\n- t{i- jvT- ·m- sc, Rm³ kvXpXn-¡p- ¶-Xp- t]mse Xs¶
{]ko-Z-]-c-ta-izc |
\n§fpw Cu a{´- ¯m {ioIr- jvWs\ Bcm-[n¨v kwkmc
B[n-hym-[n-`p-Pw-tK\ | kmKcw XcWw sN¿p-hn³. Cu a{´w P]n-¡p-¶-h³ `Km-
Zãw amap-²c {]t`m || hsâ ]c-a-]Zw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. tZh-X-amÀ¡v AhnsS hsc
{]km-Zn-¡p-I. B[n-hym-[n-I-fmb kÀ¸-¯m ISn-¡- F¯m³ km[n-¡n-Ã. AXn-\m kZw IrjvW-s\-¯s¶
s¸« Fs¶ D²cn-¡p-I. [ym\n¡p-hn³. a{´- P-]-¯m At±-l-¯nsâ \mam-ar-X-am-
kz-Zn¨v hnap-à-cm-Ip-hn³.
11. {ioIrjvW cpIvan-Wo-Im´ |
tKm]m-e-Xm-]n-\yp-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
tKm]o-P -\-a-t\m-lc |

1 NXpÀth- t Zm- ] - \ n- j ¯v 3

1. AYmtXm atlm]\njZtah bZml GtIm
l s s h \ mc m bW B k oX v \ {_ Ò m \
Cuimt\m \m t]m\mán \ hmbpx t\taZymhm
]rYnho \ \£{XmWn \ kqcyx k GImIo
\c Gh Xky [ym\m´Øky eemSmXv tkz
tZm] f XXv Xmx Camx B]x Xm GtX t\m
lncWyab a¶w X{X {_Òm NXpÀaptJm PmbX
k]qÀhm`naptJm `qXzm `qcn Xn hymlrXn Kmb{Xo
Oµx EtKzZx ]Ý nam`naptJ m `mX zm`qc nXn
{XnjvSp`Oµ bÖpÀthZ D¯m`naptJm `qtXzm
`phcnXn hymlrXncm\pjvSp` Otµm AYÀh thZx
CXn\v atlm]\njs¯¶p ]dbp¶p. Gähpw

N P
 449
I BZyw GI\mb \mcmbW³ am{Xta D­mbncp¶pffp.
{_Òmthm inht\m H¶pw D­mbncp¶nÃ. hmbpthm
]rYnhntbm BImitam \£{X§tfm kqcyt\m H¶pw
D­mbncp¶nÃ. B GI\mb \c³ am{Xw. [ym\mhØn
X\mb At±l¯nsâ s\änbn \n¶v hnbÀs¸mgpIn.
AXmWv C¡mWp¶ Pecmin. AsX¯pSÀ¶v A¶ap
­mbn.\mep apJt¯mSp IqSnb {_Òmhp­mbn. At±lw
]qÀhm`napJ\mbn; `q F¶ hymlrXn Kmb{Xn OµÊpw
bÖpÀthZhpw D­mbn. D¯m`napJ\mbn. `phx F¶
hymlrXnbpw PKXo OµÊpw kmathZhpw P\n¨p. Ah
km\w Z£nWm`napJ\mbn PKZv F¶ hylrZnbpw A\
jvSp]v OµÊpw AYÀh thZhpw D­mbn.
1. kl{k ioÀjw tZhw I
kl{km£w hniz kw`hw
hnizXx ]caw \nXyw I
hnizw \mcmbWw lcnw
2. hniztathZw ]pcpj I
Xw hnizap]PohtX I
Ejnw hntizizcw tZhw I
kap{Zw Xw hnizcq]nWw.
3. ]Zva tImi{]XoImiw I
ew_XymImik¶n`w I
lrZtbNm]yt[mapJw I
kÀhIrXzmh XnjvTXn
4. Xkyat[y hm\ninJm I
AWotbmÀ[zm hyhØnX
k {_Òm k inthm hnjvWp I
tkm£cx ]cax kzcmSv
Bbncw incÊpIfpw Bbncw I®pIfpw Dffh\pw
hniz¯nsâ Dev ]¯n ImcWhpw kÀh{X hym]Ihpw
Bb lcn \mcmbW³ F¶ \ma¯n {]kn²\mWv.
Ejn kzcq]\pw {]]©¯nsâ IÀ¯mhpw kap{Zimbn
bpamb At±ls¯ B{ibn¨v temIw ]pecp¶p. Iae
tImi¯n\p Xpeyw tim`mbam\hpw At[mapJhpamb
AXnsâ a[y¯n \mep`mK¯pw hym]n¡p¶ Aán
Pzmebp­v. B inJbpsS a[y¯nemWv ]camßmhv \ne
sImffp¶Xv. {_Òmsh¶pw inhs\¶pw hnjvWpsh¶pw
]dbp¶sX´pw B Hcp ssNX\yamWv. AXv kzbw
{]Imihpw kzX{´hpw kÀh iàhpamIp¶p.
5. b Camw atlm]\njZw {_ÒtWm f [otX
At{im{Xnb t{im{Xntbm `hXn A\p]\oXx
D] \ o tX m `h X n tk má n] qtX m `h X n k
hmbp]qtXm`hXn k kqcy]qtXm `hXn k tkma
]qtXm `hXn k kXy]qtXm `hXn kÀh thZ
N P
ÚmtXm `hXn kÀthjp XoÀt°jp kv\mtXm K
`h X n tX \ k À s s h {I X p `nc nj vSw `h X n
CXnlmk ]pcmWm\mw kl{]mWm P]vX m\n
`h ´n {] Whm\mabp Xw P] v X w `h Xn B
N£pjx ]wàn ]p\mXn B kv]vX amXv ]pcpjw
]p\mXn Pmt]y\ AayXXzw N KÑXn Aay XXzw
N KÑXn CXyml `Khm³ lncWy KÀ`x
Cu atlm]\nj¯v sN¿p¶ {_mÒW³ At{im{Xn-
b\msW¦n t{im{Xnb IÀ½ ImWvU ]WvUnX\mbn
`hn¡ p¶p. A\p]\oX\msW¦n D]\oX\mbn
`hn¡p¶p. Ah³ Aán ]hn{X\pw , hmbp]hn{X\pw,
kqcy]hn{X\pw tkma]hn{X\pw, kXy]hn{X\pambn
¯ncp¶p. Ahs\ kIe tZh·mcpadnbp¶p. Ah³
kIeXoÀ°§fnepw kv\m\w sNbvX ^eambn. FÃm
bÚ § fpw \S¯ nbXns â ^e w In«n. A h³
Adp]Xn\mbncw Dcp Kmb{Xn P]n¨ ^eambn. Ah³
CXnlmk ]pcmW§Ä At\I {]mhiyw hmbn¨p
Ignªp. ]Xn\mbncw Dcp {]Whw P]n¨p. tIhew
ZÀi\w sIm­v At\Imbnc§fpsS ]pWyw AIäp¶p.
Ggp Xeapdbn s]« hsc Ah³ D²cn¡p¶p.
\nÝ bamb pw A h ³ A ar XXzw {]m] n¡ ps a¶v
lncWyKÀ`³ ]dªp.
6. tZhm l ssh kzÀ¤w temIambkvtX tZhm
DuÀ[z _mlthm cp{Zw kvXph´n `qkmhmÀZnÀ\
[yw `phkvXp kzkvtX ioÀjw hnizcqt]m fkn
{_ Ò I k vX zm Z z n[ m {X n [ m i m\ y k vX zw
lpXalpXw Z¯aZ¯w kÀhakÀhw hniz
ahnizw IrXaIrXw ]ca]cw ]mcmbWw N kzw
A]ma tkmaahrXm A`qamK·tPymXnchn Zma-
tZhm \a kzma [qt¯{hXw arXw aÀ¯yw N
tk ma k qc y ] q À h w P K ² nX h m b Z £ c w
{]mPm]Xyw tkmbw kq£vaw {Kmlw {KmtlW
`mh w `mth \ k uay w k utay \ k q £ vaw
kq£v t aW {KknXw Xkv s sa alm{Kmkmb
\tam a\x I
tZh·mÀ kzÀ¤ temI¯n \n¶v h¶v ssI
DbÀ¯n cp{Zs\ kvXpXn¨psIm­v ]dªpþ A§bpsS
BZn `qtemIhpw a[yhpw `qhÀ temIhpw incÊv
kzÀtÃmIhpamIp¶p. A§v hnizcq]\mWv . A§v
GIamb {_ÒmamWv. Zznhn[hpw {Xnhn[hpw iàn
lpXhpamb tlma§Ä sNbv X p. At\Iw \ÂIn,
\ÂInbnÃ. kÀhhpw, AkÀhhpw, hnizhpw, Ahnizhpw
\ÂInbXpw \ÂIm¯Xpw kIeXpwA§p Xs¶.
R§Ä¡v tkmam]m\¯m AarXXzw e`n¡s«.
tZhtZh, A§¡v \akv Imcw. arXw AarXw kXyw
AkXyw kÀhhpw A§p Xs¶. {Kmls¯ {Kmlw
sIm­pw `mhs¯ `mhwsIm­p kuays¯ kuayw
 450
I sIm­pw kq£vas¯ kq£aw sIm­pw B alt¯PÊv
{KknXam¡p¶p. alm {Kmks¯bpw {KknXam¡p¶ B
1 Nm£p-tjm-]-\n-j¯v
A Y mX N m£ p a ow ] T nX k n² h n Z y mw
N£ptcmKlcmw hymJymkymax b¨£ptcmKm
kÀth \iy´n N£ptjm Zo]vX nÀ `hnjyXn
Xkymx Nm£pjo hnZymb AlnÀ _p[v\y Ejnx
Kmb{Xo Oµxkq#v t bm tZhXm N£qtcmK\n
hÀ¯tb Pt]mhn\ntbmKw Hmw N£px N£px
N£px tXPx Øntcm `h amw ]mln ]mln.XzcnXw
N£p tcmKm³ iab iabX aw PmX cq]w
tXtPmZÀibZÀib bYm f lw AtÔm\kymw
XYm Iev]b Iev]b IeymWw Ipcp Ipcp bm\n
aa ]qÀhPm tXm]mÀPnXm\n N£px {]Xntcm
[ZpjvI rXm\n kÀhmWn \nÀaqeb \nÀaqeb
Xaݣpkv tXtPmZmt{X Znhymb `mkv I cmb
Hmw \ax kqcymb Hmw \tam `KhtX kqcym
bm£n tXPtk \ax Xatk \ax AktXmam
kXv K ab Xatkmam tPymXnÀKabartXymÀam
AarXwKab DjvtWm `Khm³ ipNncq]x b Camw
N£pjv]tXmÀhn Zymw {_ÒtWm \nXy a[otX
\ Xkym£n tcmtKm \ `hXn \ XkyIpte
AtÔm `hXn AjvSu {_mÒWm³ {KmlnbnXzm
hnZymkn²nÀ `hXn
sNmÃp¶XpsIm­p am{Xw ^ekn²nhcp¶ Nm£p-
jo hnZy hnhcn¡mw. Cu hnZy t\{X tcmK§sf ian¸n-
¡p¶XmWv. t\{X§fpsS tXPÊv hÀ²n¸n¡m³ {]tbm-
P\s¸Sp¶XpamWv. AlnÀ_p[v\yXmWv. Cu hnZybpsS
Ejn, OµÊv, Kmb{Xn, tZhX, kqcy\pw. CXnsâ hn\n-
tbmKw t\{XtcmKia\¯n\mbn«mIp¶p.
tl kqcytZh, A§p N£pÊn N£pÊnsâ
tXPÊnsâ Øncam¡tW. Fs¶ c£n¡tW. Fsâ
t\{XtcmKw thK¯n Xs¶ ian¸n¡tW. Xsâ
kzÀ®abamb tXPÊv F\n¡v Im«n¯ctW. Rm³
A Ô\mImXncn¡m³ th­ Xv sN¿tW. awKfw
sN¿tW. Fsâ ZÀi\ iàn \in¸n¡m\nS hcp¯nb
N P
]camßmhn\v \akvImcw.
K
NXpÀthtZm]\nj¯v kam]n¨p.
3
GtXsXÃmw ]m]§fpt­m Ahsbms¡ \in¸n¡tW.
t\{XtXtPm ZmbI\mb `Khm³ `mkvIc\v \akvImcw.
IcpWmab\mb AarXkzcq]\v \akvImcw. kqcytZh\v
\akvImcw t\{X¯n\v {]Imiw \ÂIp¶ kqcy\mcmb-
W\v \akvImcw. IcpWmIc\pw A\rX\pw A£ntXP
Êpw tJNc\pw kXzcPkvXtamcq]\pamb kqcytZh\v
\akvImcw. {]t`m, Fs¶ Ak¯n \n¶v k¯nte¡v
\bn¨mepw. arXyphn \n¶v {]Imi¯nte¡v \bn
¨mepw. arXyphn \n¶v AarX¯nte¡v \bn¨mepw
DjvW\mb `Khm³ ipNnkzq]\pw lwk\mb `Khm³
ipNn{hXncq]\pamIp¶p.bmsXmcp {_mÒW\v Cu
Nm£pjvaX hnZy \nXyhpw A[yb\w sN¿p¶p Ah\v
A£n tcmKw D­mIp¶nÃ. Ahsâ Ipe¯n AÔ\p
­mIp¶nÃ. F«p {_mÒW·msc ]Tn¸n¨m hnZymkn²n
`hn¡p¶p.
Hmw hnizcq]w LrWn\w PmXthZkw
lncW·bw ]qcpjw tPymXncq]w X]´w
hnizky tbm\nw {hX]´ap{Kw
]pcx {]Pm\apZbtXyj kpcy
Hmw \tam `KhtX BZn Xymb Atlmhm
ln\ytlmhml\o kzmlm Hmw hbw kp]˨m
D]tkZpcn{µw {]nbta[m Ejtbm \m[am\mx
A][zm´ ]qÀWw ln ItcmXp N£px tZhw
Xzmtah icWyw {]]tZy I
]pWvU coIm£mb \ax I
]pjvI tc£Wmb \ax I
Aate£Wmb \ax I
Iate£Wmb \ax I
hnizcq]mb \ax I
alm hnjvWpth \ax I
 451

I `Kh\mb kqcy³ k¨nZm\µ kzcq]\pw hnizmß
I\p XsâInW§fm AXy´w tim`nX\pw tPymXn
kzcq]\pw lncWvab PK¯nsâ Dev]¯n Øm\hpw
]pcpj¯n Pzen¡p¶h\pamWv A§s\bpff tXtPm-
cq]\mb kqcy\v \akvImcw. Bdp hn[¯nepff sFiz-
cy¯mepw k¼¶\mb `Khm³ kqcy\v \akvImcw.
At±l¯nsâ {]` Znhk¯n\v alXzw \ÂIp¶p.
kqcy`Khm\v R§Ä BlpXnIÄ AÀ¸n¡s«. EjnIÄ K
t{ijvT ]£§fpff ]£nIsft¸mse At±l¯nsâ
ASps¯¯n {]mÀ°n¡p¶p:-þ ""`Khms\ Cu AÔ-
Imcs¯ Zqc¯nem¡pI. R§sfÃmw Xtamab _Ô\-
¯nÂs]«pgep¶p. Znhy{]Imiw \ÂInbmepw. ]pWvU-
coIm£\pw, ]pjvItc£W\pw, Aate£W\pw, Iate
£W\pw, hnizcq]\pw, almhnjv Wp kzcq]\pamb
A§¡v \akvImcw.

Q Nm£ptjm]\nj¯v kam]n¨p.

1 Pm_m-e-ZÀi-t\m-]-\n-j¯v 3
im´n-]mTw tb\ hnÚm-X-am-t{XW |
Poh-·ptàm `hm-aylw ||
Hmw B]ym- b ´p aamw- K m\n hmIv {]mW-
Ý£px t{im{X-atYm _e-an-{µn-bmWn N kÀhmWn 4. kmwIrtX irWp h£yman |
kÀhw {_tÒm-]-\n-jZw amlw {_Ò \ncm-Ipcymw tbmKw kmãmwK ZÀi\w |
am am {_Ò \ncm-I-tcm-Z-\n-c-I-c-W-a-kvXz-\n-cm-I-cWw baÝ \nb-a-ssÝh |
ta f kvXp XZm-ß\n \nctX b D]-\n-jÕp [À½m
ss°hm-k-\t- ah N ||
kvtX abn k´p tX abn k´p Hmw im´nx im´nx
im´nx 5. {]mWm-bm-a-kvXY - m-{_-Ò³ |
{]Xym-lm-c-kvXXx ]cw |
Fsâ AwK-§Ä ]pãn {]m]n-¡tW. hm¡v {]mW³
t\{Xw t{im{Xw _ew C{µn-b§ - Ä Chbpw ]pãn {]m]n- [mcWm N XYm [ym\w |
¡tW. CXv D]-\n-j-Zp-à-amb {_Ò-am-W.v Rm³ AXns\ kam-[o-Ým-ãIw apt\ ||
\ncm-I-cn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡-tW. {_Òw Fs¶ \ncm-I-cn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡- 6. Alnwkm kXy-a-kvtXbw |
tW. F\n¡pw {_Ò-¯n\pw X½n At`-Zy-amb _Ôw {_Ò-Ncyw ZbmÀPhw |
D­m-Ip-am-dm-I-tW. F¶n D]-\n-j-Zp-à-§-fmb [À½-
£am [rXnÀan-Xm-lmcx |
§Ä \ne-sIm-Å-tW. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
iuNw ssNh bamx Zi ||
1. Z¯m-t{Xtbm alm-tbmKo |
kIe Pohn-I -fp-sSbpw Dev]¯ - n¡pw kwc-£-W-
`K-hm³ `qX-`m-h\x |
¯n\p Imc-W-`q-X\pw NXpÀ_-lp- hp- amb `K- hm³ hnjvWp
NXpÀ`ptPm alm-hn-jvWpÀ | -tbm-Kn-bmb Z¯m-t{X-b-\mbn Ah-X-cn-¨p. At±-l-¯nsâ
tbmKn km{am-Pym-Zo-£nXx || injy-\mb kmwIrXn alÀjn Kpcp-`-à-\m-bn-cp-¶p. Hcp
2. Xky intjym ap\n-hcx | Znhkw At±lw Z¯m-t{X-bs\ ]cn-Nc - n¨v ssIIq¸n Adn-
kmwIr-XnÀ\ma `àn-am³ | bn- ¨p. `K- h ms\ Fs¶ Aãmw- K- tbmKw hnkvX-cn¨v ]dªp
tIĸn-¡-Ww. AX-dn-ªm F\n¡v Poh-·p-à-\m-Im³
]{]Ñ Kpcp-ta-Imt´ |
km[n-¡pw. Z¯m-t{X-b ³ ]d-ªp. kmwIr-Xn, Rm³
{]mRvP-en-bnÀ h\n-bm-\znXx || Aãmw-K-tbmK ZÀi\w D]-tZ-in-¡mw. tbmK-¯n baw,
3. `K-h³ {_qln ta bmKw | \nb-aw, Bk-\w, {]mWm-bm-aw, {]Xym-lm-cw, [ym\w, [mc-
kmãmwKw k {]]-©Iw | W, kam[n F¶v F«v AwK-§-fp-­v. Ch-bn ba-¯n\v
]¯p hn`mKw `hn-¡p-¶p. kXyw, Alnw-k, AkvtX-bw,

N P
 452

I Zb, BÀP-hw, {_Ò-N-cyw, £a, [rXn, anXm-lm-cw, _mly- AXp-Xs¶ lnwk. CXn \n¶ `n¶-ambn asämcp lnwk-
K
hpw, A`y-´-c-hp-amb iuNw. bn-Ã. FÃm-bn-S¯p hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p¶ Bßm-hns\ ikv{Xw
sIm­v apdn-¡mt\m {Kln-¡mt\m km[y-a-Ã. thZm-´- th-Zy-
7. thtZm-tà\ {]Im-tcW |
\mb al-¯p-¡Ä C§s\ A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. I®pIÄ
hn\m kXyw Xt]m-[\ | sIm­p I­Xpw sNhn sIm­p tI«Xpw aW-¸n-¨Xpw
Imtb\ a\km hmNm | AsÃ-¦n A\p-`q-X-hp-amb hnj-b-s¯- ¸än Hfn-¡msX ]d-
lnwkm-lnwkm \ Nm\yYm || bp-¶-XmWv kXyw. kXy-kz-cq-]-\mb ]c-am-ßmhp Xs¶-
bmWv kÀhmÀ° cq]vX- Xn kXyw. ]c-am-ßm-hn \n¶
8. Bßm kÀh-KtXm f tÑtZym |
`n¶-ambn Hcp hkvXphpw kXy-am-bn-«n-Ã. thZm-´- Ú-·mÀ
\ {Kmly CXn ta aXnx | kÀh-t{i-jvT-amb kXyw F¶p ]d-ªn-«p-ÅXpw AXp
km Nmlnwkm hcm t{]màm | Xs¶- bm-W.v A\y-cpsS [\w cXv\w ap¯v ]hngw kzÀ®w
apt\ thZm´ thZn`nx || XpS§n sNdpXpw hep-Xp-amb hkvXp-¡-fn a\Êv {]th-
in-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-XmWv AkvtX-bw. {]]-©-¯nse kIe
9. N£p-cm-Zn-{µn-ssbÀZrãw |
hyh-lm-c-§-enepw A\mß _p²n-tbm-Sp-IqSn Ah Bßm-
{ipXw {LmXw ap\o-izcm | hn \n¶pw `n¶-amWv F¶p am\n-¡p-¶-XmWv AkvtX- bw.
Xssky-thm-ànÀ`-thXv kXyw | F¶v Úm\n-IÄ ]d-bp-¶p. a\km hmNm IÀ½Wm \mco-
hn{] X¶m-\yYm `thXv || kw- K- ]- cn-Xym-Ktam kz]- Xv\n- bn Xs¶ EXp- Im-e¯p am{Xw.
[À½- _p²ym kwKw sN¿p-Itbm BWv {_Ò-N-cyw.
10. kÀhw kXyw ]cw {_Ò | Asæn Ima-t{Im-[m-Zn-Isf \nb-{´n¨v a\-Êns\ ]c-am-
\ Nm\y-ZnXn bm aXnx | ß- [ym-\-¯n Xs¶ ebn-¸n-¡p-I-bmWv kÀh-t{i-jT v -amb
X¨ kXyw hcw t{]màw | {_Ò- Ncyw FÃm Pohn-Ifpw Xs¶- t¸m-se-bm-sW¶p IcpXn
thZm-´-Úm\ ]mcssKx || a\Êp sImt­m hm¡p sImt­m icocw sImt­m Ah-
tbmSv Bßo-b-`mhw ImWn-¡p-I-bmWv Zbbmbn thZm´
11. A\y-Zotb XrtW cXvt\ | thZn-IÄ ]d-bp-¶-Xv.
Im©t\ auàntI f ]n N |
16. ]pt{X ant{X Ift{X N |
a\km hn\n-hr-¯nÀbm |
cn]u kzmß\n k´Xw |
XZ-kvtXbw hnZpÀ_p[mx ||
GI-cq]w apt\ b¯ |
12. Bß-\yp-\m-ß-`m-th\ | ZmÀPhw t{]mNy tX abm ||
hyh-lmc hnhÀPnXw | 17. Imtb\ a\km hmNm |
b¯-Z-kvtX-b -an-Xypà | i{Xp`nx ]cn-]o-UntX |
amß-hn-Z v`nÀa-lm-atX || _p²n-t£m-`\ - n-h¯nÀbm |
13. Imtb\ hmNm a\km | £am km ap\n-]pw-Kh ||
kv{XoWmw ]cn-hn-hÀP\w | 18. thZm-tZh hn\nÀtam£x |
EXu `mcymw XZm kzky | kwkm-cky \ Nm\yYm |
{_Ò-Ncyw XZp-NytX || CXn hnÚm-\-\n-jv]-¯nÀ |
14. {_Ò-`mth a\-Ýmcw | [rXn t{]màm ln sshZnssIx |
{_Ò-Ncyw ]c-´] | Al-amßm \ Nmt\ymkvao |
15. kzmß-hXv kÀh-`q-tXjp | tXyh-a-{]-NypXm aXnx ||
Imtb\ a\km Kncm | 19-. Aev]-ar-ãm-i\ - m`ymw N |
A\pÚm km Zbm sskh | NXpÀ°mw-im-h-t i-jIw |
t{]màm thZm´ thZn`nx || Xkvam-tXym-Km-\p-Kp-tWy\ |
t`mP\w anX-t`m-P\w ||
thtZm-à - a mb {]Im-c - s am- g nsI a\km hmNm
IÀ½Wm Bsc-sb- ¦nepw D]-{Z-hn-¡p-Itbm Ahsâ {]mW- ]p{X³ If-{Xw, i{Xp, an{Xw, F¶n-h-cnepw kzmßm-
§sf tZl-¯n \n¶v thÀs]- Sp-¯p- Itbm sN¿p¶ ]£w hnepw kam-\-`mhw ImWn-¡p-I-bmWv BÀP-hw. i{Xp-¡Ä

N P
 453

I aptJ\ a\-Êp-sImt­m hm¡p sImt­m icocw sImt­m am-¡m-s\m-¶p-an-Ã. Úm\-¯nsâ ]cn-ip²n ssIsh-Snªv K
Fs´-¦nepw ]oU-\-ap-­m-bm Nn¯-¯nepw _p²n-bnepw _mly-ip-²n-bn {`a-¡p¶ hyàn kzÀ®w Dt]-£n¨v
teiw t]mepw t£m`w D­m-Im-Xn-cn-¡p-I- bmWv £a. {]]- a¬I« B{K-ln-¡p¶ aqV\v Xpey-\m-Wv. Úm\m-arX
©-¯n Pohn-IÄ¡v apàn kn²n-¡p-¶Xv thZm-\p-Iqeyw Xr]vX-\ mb tbmKn¡v Cu temI-¯n H¶pw Xs¶
sIm­m-Wv. CXn \n¶pw `n¶-ambn ad-A-sdmcp {]Im-c- sN¿m³ Ah- ti- jn-¨n-«n- Ã. A§-s\-bpÅ tbmKn XXz-Úm-
¯nepw apàn In«p-Ib - n-s ö ZrV-\ n-Ý -b-s¯-bmWv \n-bm-Wv. Bß-Úm-\n-I-fmb alm-·mÀ¡v aq¶p temI-
Úm\n- IÄ [rXn F¶v ]d-bp-¶-Xv. Xm³ Bßm- hm- sW¶pw ¯nepw H¶pw sNt¿-­- Xm-bn-«n-Ã. AXn-\m apt\ Xm¦Ä
Bßm-hn \n¶v A\y-ambn H¶p-an-sÃ- ¶p-apÅ AN-©e Alnw-kmZn km[-\-If - m A\p-`-h-Úm\w t\Sn Cu
hr¯n- bmWv kÀthm-XvIr-ã-amb [rXn. kmXzn-Ia - mb Bßmhv {_Ò-kz-cq-]hpw Ahn- \m- in- bp- am- sW¶v [cn- ¡p- I.
A¶w Aev]-am-{X- bn Ign-¡p-I, hb-dnsâ ]IpXn `mKw
A¶w sIm­p Im `mKw Pew sIm­pw \nd¨v Im c­mw JÞw
`mKw Hgn-¨n-Sp-¶-XmWv anXm- lm- cw. tbmKm-\p-Iq-e-am-bXv anXm- 1. X]x kt´m-j-am-kvXnIyw |
lm-c-am-W.v
Zm\-ao-izc ]qP\w |
20. kztZ-l-a-e-\nÀt½m£x | kn²m-´-{i-hWw ssNh |
arÖ-em`ymw alm-apt\ | {loÀa-XnÝ Pt]m {hXw ||
b¯Zv LuNw `thZv _mlyw | 2. GtX N \nbamx t{]màm |
am\kw a\\w hnZx | kvXm³ h£yman {IamXv irWp ||
Alw ip² CXn Úm\w | 3. thtZm-tà\ {]Im-tcW |
iuN-am-lpÀa-\o-jnWx || Ir{Ñ-Nm-{µm-b-Wm-Zn`nx |
21. AXy-´-a-ent\m tZtlm | ico-c-tim-jWw b ¯Xv |
tZlo NmXy-´-\nÀ½ex | X]-an-Xyp-NytX _pss[x ||
D`-tbm-c-´cw ÚmXzm | 4. tIm hm tam£x IYw tX\ |
Xky iuNw hn[o-btX || kwkmcw {]Xn ]¶-hm³ |
22. Úm\ iuNw ]cn-XyPy | CXym-tem-I-\-aÀ°-Ú mþ
_mtly tbm catX \cx | kvX]x iwk´n ]ÞnXm ||
k aqVx Im©\w Xyàzm | 5. bZr-Ñm-em-`tXm \nXyw |
temjvTw KrlvWmXn kp{hX || {]oXnÀbm PmbtX \rWmw XXv kt´mjw
23. Úm\m-ar-tX\ Xr]vXky | hnZpx {]mÚm
IrX-Ir-Xyky tbmKn\x | ]cn-Úm-ss\-I-X-Xv]cmx ||
\ NmkvXn Inw NnXv IÀ¯hy | 6. {_Òm-Zn-tem-I-]-cy-´mXv |
akvXn tN¶ k XXz-hnZv || hncàym bÃ-t`Zv {]nbw |
24. temI-{Xtb f ]nIÀ¯hyw | kÀh{X hnKX kvt\lx |
InwNn-¶m-kvXy-ß-th-Zn\mw | kt´mjw ]caw hnZpx ||
25. XkvamXv kÀh-{]-b-Xvt\\ | 7. {iutX N kvamÀt¯ N hnizmtkm |
apt\ f lnwkm-Zn-km-[ss\x | b¯ ZmkvXn-Iy-ap-NytX |
Bßm-\-a-£-cw {_Ò | \ymbmÀPn-X-[\w {imt´ |
hn²n Úm\m¯p thZ-\mXv || {i²bm sshZntI Pt\ |
a®p-sImt­m shÅw sImt­m ico-cw ]cn-ip-²-am- A\yZv hm bZv {]Zo-bt´ |
¡p-¶-XmWv _mly-iu-Nw. kÀthm-Xv Irã-amb iuNw XZv Zm\w t{]mNytX abm ||
hnip-²m-ßm-hm-sW¶ `mh\ DÄs¡m-Åp-I-bm-W.v icocw
X]-Êv, kt´m-jw, BkvXn-Iyw, Zm\w, eÖ, aXn
_mly-ambpw B´-co-Ia - mbpw aen-\-am-Wv. F¶m tZl-
P]w, {hXw, Cuiz-c-]q-P, kn²m´ {ihWw Ch-bmWv
[m- cn-bmb Bßmhv Gähpw ip²-am- Wv. tZl- ¯n\pw Bßm-
]¯p \nb-a- §Ä. thZ-hÀ®n-X-amb IrÑ-Nm-{µn-b-WmZn {hX-
hn\pw DÅn-epÅ Úm\w ssIh-¶m ]ns¶ ]cn-ip-²-
§-fm icocw £oWn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv X]-Êm-W.v tam£-em-`-
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 454

I s¯-¸-änbpw Bßm-hn\v kwkm-c-_-Ô\w s]Sp-¶-Xn-\pÅ _n-¡msX thtZm-à-§-fmb D]-tZ-i-§-fn ]qÀ®-{i²

K
Imc-W-s¯- ¸-änbpw Nn´n-¡p-¶Xv X]-Êm-Ip-¶p. Cuiz-tc- D­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv aXn. thtZm-à-hn-[n-{]-Imcw ho­p-
Ñ-b-\p-k-cn¨v F´p-In-«n-bmepw AXn kt´m-jhpw {]k- ho-­p-apÅ a{´-P-]a - m-Wv. P]w. thZ-§-se-t¸mse Xs¶
¶-Xbpw D­m-Ip-¶Xv kt´m-jw. kI-e-Xnepw A\m-k-à- [À½ imkv{X- §- fnepw ]pcmtW-Xn- lm-k-§-fnepw a\Êv \nc-
\mb {_Òm-Zn-tZ-h-tem-I] - -cy-´- apÅ kpJ-§-fn hnc-àn- ´cw apgp-In-bn-cn-¡p-¶-XmWv Fsâ A`n-{]m-b-¯n P]w.
bp-­m-hp-Ibpw F¶n«pw a\Êv {]k-¶-am-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw
13. P]kvXp Zznhn[x t{]mtàm |
sN¿p¶ Ah-Ø-bmWv t{ijvT-amb kt´mjw thZ-§-
fnepw kvarXn-I-fnepw ]d-b-s¸-«n- «pÅ [À½-¯n ZrV-amb hmNntIm am\-k-kvXYm ||
Bßm-thmsS hÀ¯n-¡pI BkvXnIyw [\w XpS-§nb 14. hmNn-tIm-]mw-ip-cp-ss¨Ý |
Bh-iy-h-kvXp-¡Ä ZpxJnX-cmb thZ-ÚÀt¡m D¯-a- Zznhn[x ]cn-IoÀ¯nXx |
·mÀt¡m sImSp-¡p-¶Xv Zm\w. am\tkm a\-\-[ym\ |
8. cmKm-Zy-t]Xmw lrZbw | t`ZmXv ssZzhn-[y-am-{inXx ||
hmK-Zp-ãm-\r-Xm-Zn\m | 15. Dss¨ÀP-]m-Zp-]mw-ipÝ |
lnwkm-hn-c-lnXw IÀ½ | kl-{k-Kp-W-a p-NytX |
b¯-Zo-iz-c-]q-P\w || am\-kÝ XtYm-]mwtimx |
9. kXyw Úm\-a-\´w N | kl{k KpW-ap-NytX ||
]cm-\µw ]cw {[phw | 16. Dss¨ÀP-]Ý kÀthjmw |
{]Xy-Kn-Xy-h-K-´ hyw | btYm-à-^-etZm `thXv |
thZ-´-{i-hWw _p[mx || \ossNx t{imt{XW tN·{´ |
10. thZ-eu-In-I-amÀt¤jp | {ipX-tÝ-¶n-jv^ew `thXv ||
IpÕnXw IÀ½-bZv `thXv | c­p hn[-¯n- emWv P]w. H¶v am\-knI P]w, atäXv
Xkvan³ `hXn bm eÖm | hmNnI P]w. hmNnI P]hpw c­p hn[-ap-­v. H¶v D¨w,
{lox sskthXn {]IoÀ¯nXm | atäXv D]mw-ip. AXp-t]mse am\-knI cq]hpw c­p-hn-[-
sshZn-tIjp N kÀthjp | ap-­v. H\v\v a\-\w, atäXv [ym\w. DbÀ¶ kzc-¯nÂ
sN¿s¸-Sp¶ P]-t¯-¡mÄ D]mw-ip-P-]-¯n\v Bbncw
{i²m bm km aXnÀ `thXv ||
aS§v t{ijvT- Xz-ap-­.v F¶m a{´-§Ä \oN-hy-àn-I-fnÂ
11. KpcpWm tNm]-Zntãm f ]n | \n¶v {ian-¨m ^e-an-Ãm-Xm-Ipw.
X{X kw_-Ô-h-cn-PnXx |
thtZm-tà-ss\h amÀt¤W | aq¶mw JÞw
a{´m-`ymtkm P]x kvarXx || 1. kzkvXnIw tKmapJw ]Zvaw |
12. Iev]-kqt{X XYm thtZ | hoc-knw-lm-kt\ XYm |
[À½-imkvt{X ]pcm-WtI | `{Zw apàm-k\w ssNh |
CXn-lmtk N hr¯nÀbm | abq-cm-k-\-tah N ||
k P]x t{]mNytX abm || 2. kpJm-k-\-k-amJymw N |
hmKvtZmjw Ak-Xy-`m-jWw apX-emb tZmj-§-fn \haw ap\n-]pw-Kh |
\n¶pw AI¶v hnip-²-hm¡v tcmKm-Zn-hn-ap-à-amb lrZbw Pm\qÀthmc-´tc IrXzm |
lnwk {IqcX XpS-§n-bh CÃm-¯-IÀ½w F¶n-h-bmWv kayIv ]mZ-Xte Dt` ||
Cuiz-c-]q-P-\w. Bßmhv kXyhpw Úm\-kz-cq-]hpw 3. ka-{Ko-h-iocx Imbx |
kÀthm-XvIr-ãhpw \nXyhpw A\-´hpw A´-cym-an-bp-am-
kzkvXnIw \nXy-a-`y-tkXv |
Wv. Cu kn²m´w \nc-´cw {ihn¨v AXn\p tbmPn¨v \ne-
bn hniz-kn- ¡p-¶-XmWv kn²m´ {ih-Ww. euIn-I-amÀ¤- kthy Z£n-W-KpÂ^w Xp |
§-fn kÀh-k-½-X-amb IÀ½-§Ä A\p-jvTn-¡p-¶-Xn ]rjvT-]mÀtiz \ntbm-P-tbXv ||
kzm`m-hn-I-am-bn- «p-­m-Ip¶ kt¦m- N-am- Wv eÖ. Kpcp-¡- ·m- 4. Z£n-tW]n XYm khyw |
cpsS A\p-aXn e`n-¨mepw thZ-hn-cp-²-amÀ¤-§Â Ah-ew- tKmapJw XXv {]N-£tX |

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 455

I AwKp-jvTm-h[n KrlvWo-bmXv | K
apt\, Bk-\- §Ä H³]Xp hn[- am-Wv. kzkvXym-k- \w,
lkvXm `ymw hypXv{I-taW Xp || tKmap-Jm\w ]Zvam-k-\w, hncm-k-\w, knwlm-k-\w, _{Zm-
k-\w, apX-àm-k-\w, abq-cm-k-\w, kpJm-k\w Ch-bmWv
5. DuÀthm-cp-]cn hnt]{µ |
Ah. ap«p-I-fp-sSbpw XpS-I-fp-sSbpw at[y c­p Imep-Ifpw
IrXzm ]mZ-Xe - -Zzmbw | icn- bmb coXn-bnÂsh¨v Igp-¯v, Xe, tZlw, F¶nh kam-
]ßm-k\w `thXv {]mÚ | \- `m- th\ [cn- ¡p- ¶Xv kzkvXn- Im- \w. Cu Bk\w \nXyhpw
kcÀh-tcm-K-`Z- -bm-]lw || A`y-kn-¨m {]bm-k-ap-­m-hn-Ã. he-Xp-Im ap«ns\ CS-
6. Z£n-tW-Xc ]mZw Xp | Xp-`m-Ks¯ ]rjvT-`mKw hsc sIm­p-t]m-hp-Ibpw CS-Xp-
Im-ense ap«p-Isf he-Xp-` m-Ks¯ ]rjvT -` mKw hsc
Z£n-tWm-cpWn hn\y-tkXv |
sIm­p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXm tKmap-Jm-k-\-am-W.v c­p
EPp-Imb kam-kot\m | ]mZ-§fpw c­p XpS-If - nepw ho]-co-X-K-Xn-bn sh¨v Ah-
hoc-k-\-ap-Zm-lrXw || bpsS XÅ-hn-c-ep-Isf c­p ssIIÄ sImavSpw ]nd-InÂ
7. KpÂ^u Xp hrj-W-kym[x | IqSn ]nSn¨p sIm­n-cn-¡p-¶Xv ]ßm-k-\-am-W.v CXv kÀh-
tcm-K-w `bhpw ian-¸n- ¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. CSXp Im he¯p XpS-
kohn\ymx ]mÀiztbmx £nt]Xv |
bn sh¨v, icocw \nhÀ¯n-sh-¨v, Ccn-¡p-¶-XmWv hocm-
]mÀiz ]mZu N ]mWn`ymw | k-\w. c­p ap«p-I-sfbpw taVy-¯n\p Xmsg-bmbn ]mÀiz-
ZrVw _[zm kp\n-Ýew | §-fn sh¨v c­p Ic-§-emepw ]mÀiz-`m-K-s¯bpw ]mZ-
`{Zm-k\w `th-tZ-XZ- zn-j-tcmKx hn\m-i\w || §-sfbpw ZrV- ambn _Ôn¨v Ccn-¡p-¶-XmWv `{Zm-k-\w.
8. \n]oUy koh\ow kq£vaw | CXv hnj-kw-_-Ôn-I-fmb tcmK-§Ä \in-¸n-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv.
koh-\n-bn-epÅ eLp-hmb tcJsb he-Xp-Im ap«p-sIm-
Z£n-tW-Xc KpÂ^Xx |
­- aÀ¯n hes¯ ap«p-sIm­v CS-s¯- Xns\ AaÀ¯p-¶-
hmaw bmtZy\ KpÂt^\ | XmWv apàm-k-\w. DÅw-ssI-IÄ c­pw `qan-bn sh¨v
apàm-k\ anZw `thXv || ssIap-«p-I-fpsS A{K-`m-K-§sf \m`n-bpsS Ccp-]mÀiz-§-
9. ta{Vm-Zp-]cn \n£n]y | fnepw Øm]n¨v incÊpw Imep-Ifpw s]m¡n BIm- i-¯nÂ
khyw KpÂ^w XtYm-]cn | hSn t]mse ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-XmWv abq-cm-k-\w. CXv kÀh-
]m-]-l-c-am-Ip-¶p. ico-c¯ - n\v kpJw e`n-¡-¯¡ hn[w
KpÂ^m-´cw N kw£n]y |
ss[cy-ambn Ccn-¡p-¶-XmWv kpJm-k-\w. ZpÀ_-e-cmb
apàm-k\ anZw apt\ || km[m-c-W-¡mÀ¡v Cu Bk\w kzoI-cn-¡mw. FÃm Bk-
10. IqÀ¸-tct{K ap\n-t{ijvT | \-§fpw D¯-a-amb coXn-bn A\p-jvTn-¡m³ Ign-bp-¶-
\n£n-t]-¶m-`n-]mÀiztbmx | hÀ¡v {Xntem-I- s¯bpw Pbn-¡m³ Ign-bpw. tbmK-[m-c- Wm-
bp-à-\mbn Xm¦Ä kZm {]mWm-bmaw sN¿p-I.
`qaymw ]mWn-Xe Zzµzw |
\n£n-ss]y-Im{K am\kx || \memw JÞw
11. kap-¶-Xi- ncx ]mtZm |
1. icocw Xmh-tZh kymXv |
ZÞ-hXv thymav\n kwØnXx |
j®-h-Xyw-Kp-em-ßIw |
abq-cm-k-\t- a-X-ZvkymXv |
tZl-at[y inJn-Øm\w |
kÀh-]m-]-{]-Wm-i\w ||
X]vX-Pmw-_q-\-Z-{]`w ||
12. tb\ tI\ {]Im-tcW |
2. {XntImWw a\p-Pm\mw Xp |
kpJw ss[cyw N PmbtX |
kXy-bpàw ln kmwIrtX |
XXv kpJm-k-\-an-Xypà |
KpZm¯p ZzywKpem-ZpÀ[zw |
ai-à-kvXXv kam-{i-tbXv ||
taVym¯p ZzywKpem-Z[x ||
13. Bk\w hnPnXw tb\ |
3. tZl-a[yw ap\n-t{]mà |
PnXw tX\ PK-{¯bw |
a\p-Pm-\oln kmwIrtX |
At\\ hn[n-\m-bpàw |
Iµ-Øm\w ap\n-t{ijvT |
{]mWm-bmaw kZm Ipcp ||
aqem-[m-cm-¶-hmw-Kpew ||

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 456

I 4. NXp-cw-Kp-e-am-bma | \n, iwJn-\o, KmÔmc F¶o ]Xn-¶mep \mUn-IÄ apJy-am-

K
hnkvXmcw ap\n-]pw-Kh | sW¶v. Cu ]Xn-¶mep \mUn-I- fn aqs¶®w FÃm-¯nepw
Ip¡p-S m-Þ-k-am-Imcw | apJy-am-W.v Cu aq¶p \mUn-I-fn kpjpav\ F¶ \mUn
kÀh-t{i-jT v -am-W.v apXp-Insâ a[y-`m-K-¯mbn Øn sN¿p
`qjnXw Xp XzKm-Zn`nx ||
¶ tacp ZÞw AØn-I-fpsS kaqlw Xs¶. AXnÂ
5. X·t[y \m`n-cn-Xypàw | \n¶pw ]pd-s¸-Sp¶ kpjpav\m \mUn inc-Êp-hsc \o­p-
tbmK-ssÚÀap\n ]pwKh | In-S-¡p-¶-Xm-W.v
Iµ-a-[y-ØnXm \mUo |
11. \m`n-I-µm-Z[x Øm\w |
kpjp-avt\Xn {]IoÀ¯nXm ||
IpÞ-eymZzywKpew apt\ |
6. XnjvT´n ]cn-X-kvXky |
Aã-{]-Ir-Xn-cq]m km |
\mtUym ln ap\n-]pw-Kh |
IpÞeo ap\n k¯a ||
Zznk-]vXXn kl-{kmWn |
Xmkmw apJym-Ý-XpÀZi || 12. bYm-h-Zzm-bp-tNãmw N |
7. kpjp-an-\m, ]nwK-fm, XZz | UP-em-¶m-Zo\n \nXyix |
ZnUm, ssNh kc-kzXo | ]cnXx Iµ-]mÀtizjp |
]qÀjm, N hcp-Wm, ssNh | \ncp-ss²yh kZm ØnXm ||
lkvXn Pnlzm, bi-kzn\o || 13. kzap-tJ\ kam-thãy |
8. Aew-_p-km, Iplq, ssÝh | {_Ò-c{- Ô-apJw apt\ |
hntizm-Z-cn, X]-kzn\o | kpjp-av\mbm CUm kthy |
iwJn\o ssNh KmÔmcm | Z£ntW ]nwKem ØnXm ||
CXn apJym-Ý-XpÀZi ||
14. kc-kzXo Iplq-ssÝh |
9. Bkmw apJym-kvXn-{k-kv{Xntjz
kpjpav\m ]mÀiztbm ØntX |
tIm¯-tam-¯ am
KmÔmtcm lkvXn Pnlzm N |
{_Ò-\m-UoXn km t{]màm |
CUmbmx]rjvT -]mÀiztbmx ||
apt\ thZm-´-th-Zn`nx ||
10. jjvT-a-[y-Øn-tX-\mØm | 15. ]qjm bi-kzn\o ssNh |
hoW-Z-tÞ\ kp{hX | ]nwKem jjvT-]qÀhtbmx |
kl akvXI ]cy´w | IptlmÝ lkvXn Pnlzmbmx |
kpjpav\m kp{]-Xn-jvTnXm || at[y hntizm-Zco ØnX ||
a\p-jy-i-c ocw Ah-c-h -cpsS ssIs¡m-­-f -¶ m 16. bi-kzn\ym IptlmÀat[y |
sXm®q-ämdv AwKp-e-am-W.v ico-c- a-[y-¯n-emWv Aán-bpsS
hcpWm kp{]-Xn-jvTnXm |
Øm\w AXnsâ \ndw I\-en Im¨nb kzÀ®-Xp-ey-am-
Wv. {XntIm-Wm-Ir-Xn-bm-W-Xn-\v. Rm³ ]d-bp-¶Xv icn-bm- ]pjm-bmÝ kc-kzXym |
Ip-¶p. KpZw apXÂ c­w-Kpew Xmsg ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ at[y t{]màm bi-kzn\o ||
`mKs¯ ico- c- ¯nsâ a[y-`m-K-sa¶p ]d- b-Ww. AXp Xs¶ 17. KmÔm-cmbm kc-kzXym |
aqem-[m-cw. AhnsS \n¶pw H³]-Xw-Kpew apI-fn Iµw
at[y t{]màm N iwJn\o |
\ne-sIm-Åp-¶p. AXnsâ \ofhpw hoXnbpw \mew-Kpew
hoX-amWv AXnsâ BIrXn tImgn-ap-«-bv¡p kaw. AXv Aew-_pkm ØnXm ]mbp |
]pdsa sXmen sIm­pw aäpw s]mXn- ªn- cn-¡p-¶p. Iµ-Øm- ]cy´w Iµ-a-[ybm ||
\-¯n\v \Sp-¡mWv \m`n. Iµ at[y-Ø nXn sN¿p¶ 18. ]qÀh-`mtK kpjp-av\mbmx |
\mUnsb kpjpav\m \mUn F¶p ]d-bp- ¶p. AXnsâ \mep-
cmImbmx kwØnXm Iplqx |
`m-K ¯pw Fgp-]-¯ o-cm-bncw \mUn-If - p-­v. Ah-b nÂ
kpjp-av\, ]nwK-f, CU, kc-kz-Xn, ]qjm-hc - p-W, lkvXn, A[-tÝmÀ[zw ØnXm \mUo |
Pnlz, bi-kzn-\n, Aew-_p-k, Iplp, hntizm-Z-cn, ]b-kzn- bmay \mkm-´-an-jytX ||
N P
 457

I 19. CUm Xp \hy-\m-km´w | 23. {]mtWm-]m-\-kvXYm hym\x | K

kwØnXm ap\n-]pw-Kh | kam-t\m-Zm\ Gh N ||
bi-kzn\o N hmaky | 24. \mKx IpÀ½Ý IrI-tcm |
]mZmw-Kp-jvT m-´-a n-jytX || tZh-Zt¯m [\-RvPbx |
20. ]qjm hmam-£n-]-cy-´m | GtX \mUojp kÀhmkp |
]nwK-em-bmkvXp ]rjvTXx | Nc´n Zi hmbhx ||
]b-kzn\o N bmayky IÀ®m´w t{]mNy-tX- 25. tXjp {]mWm-Zbx ]© |
_pss[x apJym ]©kp kp{hX |
{]mW kwÚ-kvXY - m-]m\x |
21. kc-kzXo XYm tNmÀ[z |
]qPyx {]mW-kvX-tbmÀapt\ ||
KXm Pnlzm XYm apt\ |
26. Bky-\m-kn-I-tbmÀat[y |
lkvXn Pnlzm XYm khy |
\m`n-at[y XYm lrZn |
]mZmw-Kp-jvTm´ anjytX ||
{]mW-kwPv tVm f \ntem-\nXyw |
22. iwJn\o \ma bm \mUo |
hÀ¯tX ap\n-k-¯a ||
khy-IÀ®m´ anjytX |
27. A]mt\m hÀ¯tX \nXyw |
KmÔmcm khy-t\-{Xm´m |
KpZ-a-[ y-cp-Pm- \pjp |
t{]màm thZm´ thZn`nx | DZtc IIte ISymw |
hntizm-Z-cm-Zn[m \mUo Iµ-at[y hyh-ØnXm || \m`u PwtL N kp{hX ||
\m`o Iµ-¯n \n¶v c­w-Kpew Xmsg Aã-{]-Ir-Xn- 28. hym\x t{im{Xm-£n-at[y N |
tbmSp IqSnb IpÞ-en\n ØnXn sN¿p-¶p. AXv hmbp IIpZv`ymw KpÂ^-tbm-c]n |
tNã- sbbpw Pem-¶-§-sfbpw Ah-tcm-[n¨p sIm­p kZm {]mW-Ømt\ Ktf ssNh |
Iµ-¯nsâ c­p hi-§-sf-bpw ad¨v {_Ò-ck apJs¯
hv¯tX ap\n-]pw-Kh ||
kzap-J-¯m ad¨v \ne-sIm-Åp-¶p. kpjpav\m \mUn-bpsS
CSXp `mK¯v CUbpw heXp `mK¯v ]nwK-fbpw kpjp- 29. DZm-\k - wtÚm hntÚbx |
av\-bpsS c­p hi-§-fnepw kc-kz-Xnbpw Iplphpw \nsIm- ]mZtbm lkvXt- bm-c]n |
Åp-¶p. CU-bpsS ]pd-In KmÔm-cbpw ]qÀh-`m-K¯v kam\x kÀh-tZ-tljp |
lkvXn Pnlzbpw Iplp-hn\pw lkvXn Pnlz-¡pw at[y hym]y-Xn-jvTXy kwibx ||
hntizm-Z-cnbpw \ne-sIm-Åp-¶p. X]-kzn-\n¡pw Iplp-hn\pw
30. \mKmZn hmbhx ]© |
at[y hcpWm \mUnbpw ]pjm-hn\pw kc-kz-Xn¡pw at[y
]b- kzn-\nbpw KmÔmc kc-kzXn F¶n-h-bpsS at[y iwJn- XzK-Øym-Znjp kwØnXx |
\nbpw ØnXn sN¿p-¶p. \m`n-I-µ¯ - nsâ a[y-`m-K¯p \nizm-tkm-Ñzm-k-Im-kmÝ |
\n¶pw KpZw hsc Aew-_pk F¶ \mUn t]mbn-«p-­v. {]mW-IÀ½ lnkmw-IrtX |
kpjp-av\¡v cmIm F¶p t]À D­v AXnsâ ]qÀh-`m-K- A]m-\m-Jyky hmtbmkvXp |
¯mbn Iplp F¶ \mUn Xmsgbpw apI-fnepw ØnXn
ho¬aq-{XmZn hnkÀÖ\w ||
sN¿p-¶p. AXv hes¯ \mkn-Im-c{µw hsc \o­p InS-
¡p-¶p. CUm \mUn CSs¯ \mknImc{µw hsc-bm-Wv. {]mW³, A]m-\³, hym\³, kam- \³, DZm- \³, \mKw,
bi- kzn\o \mUn he-Xp-Im-ensâ XÅ-hn-c hscbpw ]qjm IqÀ½w, IrI-cw, tZh- Z-¯w, [\- RP
v bw F¶o ]¯p hmbp-
F¶ \mUn ]nwK-f-bpsS ]pd-In IqSn heXp I®p ¡Ä kÀh-\m-Un-I-fnepw k©- cn¨p sIm­n-cn-¡p-¶p. Ah-
hscbpw hym]n-¨ n-c n-¡ p-¶p. ]b-k zn\n heXp sNhn bn {]mW³ XpS-§nb A©p hmbp-¡Ä {][m\-am-Wv.
hscbpw kc-kzXn apI-fn \m¡p hscbpw lkvXn Pnlz {]mW\pw A]m-\-\p-amWv IqSp-X al-Xzw. {]mWm-]m-\-
CSXp Imensâ XÅ-hn-c hscbpw hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. §Ä apJ¯pw aq¡nsâ a[y-`m-K¯pw \m`n-bnepw lrZ-b-
iwJn\n F¶ \mUn CSs¯ I®p hscbpw t]mbn-«p-­v. ¯nepw kZm Ign-bp-¶p. A]m-\³ KpZw D]Øw XpS ap«v
hntizm-Z-cs
- a¶ \mUn \m`n Iµ-¯nsâ a[y-`m-K-¯mbn DZcw ISn {]tZiw \m`n F¶n-h-bn ØnsN-¿p-¶p.
hym\³ sNhn-I-fnepw I®p-I-fnepw kvIÔ-¯nepw ØnXn
ØnXn sN¿p-¶p.

N P
 458

I sN¿p-¶p. DZm-\³ icocw apgp-h\pw hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. c\pw CU-bp-sSXv hncm«pw BIp-¶p. ]qjm-\m-Un-bpsS
K
\mKw XpS-§nb A©p hmbp-¡Ä NÀ½-¯nepw AØn tZhX ]qjmhv F¶p t]cpÅ kqcy\pw hcpW \mUn- bpsS
apX-em-b-hb
- nepw ØnXn sN¿p-¶p. izmtkm-Ñzm-kh
- pw tZhX hmbphpw lkvXn Pnlz-bp-sSXv hcp-W\pw bi-kzn-
Imkhpw {]mW-hm-bp-hnsâ IÀ½-§-fm-Wv. ae-aq-{X-hn- \n- b p- t SXv `mkvI - c \pw Aew- _ - b p- tSXv hcp- W \pw
kÀÖ-\m-Zn-IÄ A]m-\sâ {]hÀ¯-\-§-fm-W.v KmÔmcnbp-tSXv Nµ3\pw Iplp-hn-sâXv £p¯pw iwJn-
\n-bp-sSXv N{µ\pw ]b-kzn-\n-bp-sSXv {]Pv]-Xnbpw BWv.
31. kam\x kÀh-km-ao]yw |
ItcmXn ap\n-]pw-Kh || 39. hntizm-Z-cm-`n-[m-bmkvXp |
32. DZm\x DuÀ[z-K-a\w | `K-hm³ ]mhIx ]Xn |
Itcm-tXyh \ kwibx | CUmbmw N{µam \nXyw |
hymt\m hnhmZ IrXv t{]mtàm | Nc-tXyh alm-apt\ ||
apt\ thZm´ thZn`nx || 40. ]nwK-fmbmw chn-kvX-ZzXv |
33. DZvKm-cmZn KpWm t{]màmx | apt\ thZ-hnZmw hc |
hy\m-Jyky alm-apt\ | ]nwK-fm-bm-an-Umbmw Xp |
[\-RvP-bky tim`mZn | hmtbmx kw{I-aWw Xp bXv |
IÀ½-t{]màw ln kmwIrtX || 41. XZp-¯-cm-bWw t{]màw |
34. \nao-e\- m-Zn-IÀ½ky | apt\ thZm´ thZn`nx |
£p[m Xp IrI-cky N | CUmbmw ]nwK-embmw Xp |
tZh-Z-¯ky hnt{]µ | {]mW kw{I-aWw apt\ ||
X{µo-IÀ½ {]IoÀ¯nXm || 42. Z£n-Wm-b-a-\n-Xypàw |
36. kpjp-av\mbm inthm tZhx | ]nwK-em-bm-anXn {ipXn |
CUmbm tZhXm lcnx | CUm ]nwK-ftbm kÔnw |
]nwKfmbmx hncn©nx kymXv | bZm {]mWx kam-KX ||
kc-kzXym hncmSv apt\ || 43. Aam-hmkym XZm t{]màm |
36. ]pjm-[n-tZ-hXm t{]màm | tZtl tZl `rXmw hc |
hcptWm hmbp tZhXm | aqem-[mcw bZm {]mWx |
lkvXn-Pn-lzm-Zn-[m-bmkvXp | {]hnãx ]Þn-tXm-¯a ||
hcptam tZhXm `thXn || 44. XZmZyw hnjphw t{]màw |
37. X]-kzn\ym ap\n t{ijvT | X]-s sk-kvXm-]-tkm-¯a |
`K-hm³ `mkvIc kvXYm | {]mW-kw-tÚm-ap-\n-t {ijvT |
Aew-_p-kmbm Aw_mßm | aqÀ[m\w {]hn-ti-ZyZm ||
hcpWx ]cn-IoÀ¯nXx || 45. XZ´yw hnjphpw t{]màw |
38. Iptlm £pt±-hXm t{]màm | Xm]-ssk-kvX-Xz-Nn-´ssIx |
KmÔmco N{µ-tZ-hXm | \nÝm-tkm-Ñzm-k\w kÀhw |
imJn-\y-Ý{- µ-am-kvX-ZzXv | amkm \mw kw{Itam `thXv ||
]b-kzn\ymx {]Pm-]Xn || 46. CUmbmx IpÞ-en-Øm\w |
bZm {]mWx kam-KXx |
kam-\sâ IrXyw ico-c¯w kam-\-\n-eb - n \ne-
\nÀ¯p-I-sb-¶-Xm- W.v DZm-\³ kZm apI-fn- tem«v Kan-¡p- ¶p. tkma-{K-lW anXypàw |
hym\³ [z\n hyRvP-I-am-Wv. DZvKm-cmZn KpW-§Ä \mK-¯n- XZm XXz hnZmw hc ||
sâ-Xm-Wv. [\-RvP-b³ ico-ct- im` hfÀ¯p-¶p. IqÀ½- 47. bZm ]nwK-fbm {]mWx |
¯nsâ t{]c-W-bm-emWv t\t{Xm-·o-e\w \S-¡p-¶-Xv. IrI-
IpÞ-en-Øm-\-am-KXx |
c-hmbp hni¸pw Zmlhpw D­m-¡p-¶p. tZh-Z-¯-¯nsâ
IrXyw Be-ky-am-Wv. kpjpav\m \mUn-bpsS tZhX i¦- XZm XZm `thXv kqcy-{K-lWw ap\n-]pw-Kh ||

N P
 459

I Aán-bmWv hntiz-Zc F¶ \mUn-bpsS tZh-X. CUm- 55. hnjp-hm-b-\-Im-tejp | K

\m-Un-bn N{µ\pw ]nwK-f-bn kqcy\pw \nXyhpw k©n- {KltW Nm´tc kZm |
cvIp-I-¶p. ]nwKf CUm F¶o \mUn-I-fpsS kwh-Õc
hmcm-Wk - ym-ZntI Ømt\ |
kw_- Ôn-bmbv {]mW-a-b-kq-cysâ kw{I-a-Ws - ¯- bmWv
thZm-´n- IÄ #p¯-cm-bW - -sa¶v ]d-bp-¶Xv AXp-t]mse
kv\mXzm ipt²m `th-¶cx |
CU-bn \n¶pw ]nwK-f-bn-te-¡pÅ kqcysâ k{I-a- 56. Úm\-tbm-K-]-cmWmw Xp |
Ws¯ Z£n-Wm- b-\- sa¶v ]d- bp-¶p. {]mW³, CU, ]nwKf ]mZ-{]-£m-f\w Pew |
F¶n-h-bpsS kÔn-bn-se-¯p-t¼mÄ ico-c¯ - n Xs¶ `mh-ip-²yÀ°-a-Úm\w |
Aam-hmkn hcp-¶p. {]mW³ aqe-[m-c¯ - n {]th-in-¡p-
X¯oÀ°w ap\n-]pw-Kh |
t¼mÄ AXv A´n-a-hn-jp-ht- bm-K-¯n ØnXn sN¿-¶p-
sh¶v ]d-bp-¶p. FÃm DÑzmk \nizm- k- §fpw amk kw{Im- inc- Ên {io ssie-sa¶ XoÀ°hpw s\än-bn tIZm-
´n-bm-sW¶v ]d-bs - ¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. CU aptJ\ {]mW³ c-XoÀ°hpw aq¡n\pw ]pcn-I-§Ä¡pw at[y hmcm-W-
IpÞ- en\o Øm\-s¯- ¯p- t¼mÄ N{µ-{K-l- W-k-a-b- sa¶v knbpw kvX\-Zz-b-Øm-\¯v Ipcp-t£-{Xhpw lrZb-a-[y-
]d-s¸-Sp-¶p. F¶m ]nwK-f-\m-Un-bn \n¶pw {]mW³ ¯n NnZw-_-c-XoÀ°hpw aqem-[m-c-¯n Ih-em-e-b-
IpÞ-en-\n-bn hcp-t¼mÄ AXv kqcy-{K-l-W-am-W.v XoÀ°hpw ØnXn sN¿p-¶p. Bß-XoÀ°w kÀh-XoÀ°-
¯nepw t{ijvT-am-Wv. Cu XoÀ°-§Ä ssIhn«v _mly-
48. {io]ÀhXw incxØmt\ | XoÀ°-§- fn Ae-bp¶ a\p-jy³ ssIbn-en-cn-¡p¶
tIZmcw Xp e emStI | cXv\w Ifªv ImNw At\z-jn-¡p-¶-h-\m-Wv. `mh-ab
hmcm-Wko alm-{]mPvV | XoÀ°amWv kÀthm-XvIrjvS XoÀ°w `mcy-sbbpw ]p{Xn-
sbbpw Benw-K\w sN¿p-sa- ¦nepw Benw-K-\-¯nse `mh-
{`pthmÀ{Lm-Wky a[yta ||
¯n A´- c-ap-­-tÃm. tbmKn-IÄ¡v Bß- XoÀ°-¯nÂ
49. Ipcp-t£{Xw IpN Ømt\ | hnizm-k-a p-Å -X p-s Im­v AhÀ Pe-a -b -X oÀ°-§fnÂ
{]mbKw lrXv ktcm-cptl | kv\m\w sN¿p-Itbm IÃv, acw, apX-em-bh sIm­v XoÀ¯
NnZw-_cw Xp lr·t[y | {]Xn- a-IÄ ]qPn-¡p-Itbm sN¿p-¶n-Ã. Bß-XoÀ°-¯nsâ
B[mtc Ih-em-ebw || ap¶n aäp ZoÀ°- §Ä shdp-sX-bm-W.v ico-c- ¯n-\p- Ånse
Zqjn-¨N - n¯w _mly-XoÀ°-§-fn aÖ\w sNbvX-Xp-
50. Bß-XoÀ°w kap-ÕrPy |
sIm­p am{Xw ip²-am-Ip-¶n-Ã. aZyw \nd¨ IpSw F{X
_ln-kvXoÀ°m\n tbm {htPXv | {]mhiyw ]pdsa Igp-In-bmepw ZpÀK-Ô-ap-à-am-hn-Ã. ico-
IcØw k alm-cXv\w Xyàzm ImNw c-¯n Xs¶ hnjp-h-tbm-Khpw D¯-cm-b-W-Z-£n- Wm-b-\-
hnamÀ¤tX §Ä kqcy-{K-l-Whpw N{µ-{K-l-Whpw \S-¡p-¶p. aq¡n
51. `mh-XoÀ°w ]cw XoÀ°w | \pw ]pcn-I-¯n\pw at²y ØnXn sN¿p¶ hmcm-Wkn apX-
emb XoÀ°-§-fn _mh- \-tbmsS kv\m\w sNbvXm a\p-
{]amWw kÀh-IÀ½kp |
jy\v ]cn-ip²n e`n-¡pw. Úm\n-I-fpsS A´xIcW
A\y-Ym-en-KtX Im´m | ip²n¡v Úm\ tbmK-Xvev]-c-cmb tbmKn-I- fpsS Imep Ign-
A\y-Ym-enw-KtX kpXm || Inb shÅw anI¨ XoÀ°-am-Wv.
52. XoÀ°m-\n-tXm-b-]qÀWm\n | 57. XoÀt° Zmt\ Xt] btÚ |
tZhm³ ImjvTmZn \nÀ½n-Xm³ | ImjvtT ]mjm-WtI kZm |
tbmKnt\m \ {]]q-Pyt´ | inhw ]iyXn aqVmßm |
kzmß-{]-Xyb Imc-WmXv || inth-tZtl {]Xn-jvTntX ||
53. _ln-kvXoÀ°mXv ]cw XoÀ° | 58. A´Øw amw ]cn-XyPy |
a´-kvXoÀ°w alm-apt\ | _lnjvTw bkvXp tkhtX |
Bß-XoÀ°w alm-XoÀ°w | lkvXØw ]nÞ-ap-ÕrtPy |
A\y-¯oÀ°w \ncÀ°Iw || entlXv IqÀ¸-c-am-ß\x ||
54. Nn¯-a-´ÀKXw ZpjvSvw | 59. inh-am-ß\n ]iy´n |
XoÀ°-kv\m-ss\À\ ip²yXn | {]Xn-amky \ tbmKn\x |
iX-tim]n PsseÀ[uXw | AÚm\mw `mh-\mÀ°mb |
kpcm-`m-Þ-an-hm-ipNn | {]Xnam ]cn-I-ev]nXm ||
N P
 460

I 60. A]qÀh-a-]cw {_Ò | 2. kmwIrtX irWp h£yman | K

kzmßm\w kXy-a-Zzbw | \mUo-ip²nw kam-kXx |
{]Úm-\-L-\-am-\-µwbx | hn[yp-à-IÀ½ kwbpàx |
]iyXn k ]iyXn || Ima-k-¦-ev]-hÀPnXx ||
61. \mUo-]pRvPw kZm-kmcw | 3. bam-Zr-ãmw-K-kw-bpàx |
\c-`mhw alm-apt\ | im´x kXy-]-cm-bWw |
kapÕp Pymß-\m-ßm\ | kzmß-\y-h-ØnXx karKv |
al-an-tXyh [mcb || Úm\n-`nÝ kpin-£nXx ||
62. Ai-cocw ico-tcjp |
4. ]Àh-Xmt{K \Zo-Xotc |
alm´w hn`q-an-izcw |
_nez aqte ht\-Yhm |
B\-µ-a-£-cw-km-£mXv |
at\m-cta ipNu tZti |
aXzm [otcm \p timNXn ||
aTw IrXzm kam-lnXx ||
63. hnt`-ZP- -\tI Úmt\ |
\tã Úm\ _em-·pt\ | 5. Bc`y Nmk\w ]ÝmXv |
Bßt\m {_ÒtWm t`Z | {]mMv aptJm-ZMvap tJm ]nhm |
ak´w Inw Icn-jyXn || ka-{Ko-h-incx Imbx |
kwhr-Xmkyx kp\n-Ýex ||
awK-f-cq-]n-bmb Cuiz-c³ Cu ico-c¯ - n Xs¶
ØnXn-s N-¿p-¶p. At±-ls¯ Adn-b m¯ AÚm\n {_mÒ³, \mUo-ip²n F§-s\-bmWv km[n-t¡-­-
XoÀ°w Pew bÚw hndIv IÃv F¶n-h-bn ]cm-ßm- sX¶v F\n¡v ]dªp Xcp- I. AX- dn- ªm F\n¡v \mUo-
hns\ tXSp-¶p. ]cm-ßm-hmb Fs¶ hnc«v tIhew Øqe- ip-²n-ssI-h-¶-Xn-\p-tijw kZm ]c-am-ßm-hns\ [ym\n¨v
]vXn-a-Isf ]qPn-¡p¶ Poh³ ssIbn-encn¡p¶ `£Ww Poh-·p- àm-hØ {]m]n-¡m³ Ign-bpw. F¶v kmwIrXn ]d-
ssIhn«v ssIap-«p-IÄ \¡p-¶p. tbmKn-IÄ Xsâ Bßm- ª- t¸mÄ Z¯m-t{X-b³ ]d-ªp. \mUo-ip²n ssIh-cn-t¡-
hn Xs¶ ]c-am-ßm-hns\ ZÀkn-¡p-¶p. {]Xn-a-I- fn ZÀin- ­Xn-s\-¸än Rm³ Npcp¡n ]d-bmw. imkv{X- §Ä th­Xv
¡p-¶n-Ã. hnÚm-\n-I-fpsS lrZ-b¯ - n `K-hmsâ `mh- hn[n-¨n-«p-­v. IÀ½m-\p-jvTm\ XXv]-c-ambn _p²n hln-¡p-
\sb DWÀ¯n Ah aptJ\ AhÀ¡v `K- hm- \n hnizmkw I. Ima-\-I-fp-sSbpw ^e-§-fp-sSbpw BImw£ shSn-b
P\n-¸n-¡p-I-bmWv hn{K-l-§- fpsS e£yw `n¶-Im-cy-Im-c-W- Ww. Aãmw-K-tbmKw ssIh-cn¨v a\Êv im´-am-¡-Ww.
§Ä CÃm-¯- h\pw {]Úm- \-L-\-kz-cq-]\pw AZzn-Xo-b\pw kXyw ]d-bW - w. Úm\n-I-fmb alm-ßm-¡sf ]cn-N-cn¨v
kXym-\µ kzcq-]-hp-amb {_Òs¯ kz´w Bßmhmbn PnÚm-k-tbmsS Ah-cn \n¶v Úm\w t\SWw Bß
ImWp-¶-h\pw BWv bYmÀ°-¯n ImWp-¶-Xv. a\p-jy- hnNn-´- \-¯n ebn-¡-Ww. ]Àh-tXm-]-cn-`m-Kt¯m \Zo-Xo-
i-cocw \mUo-hyqlw am{Xw. AXv kmc-ap-Å-X-Ã. AXn-t\m- ct¯m GIm´ h\-{]-tZ-it¯m hr£-¨p-h«- ntem hnip-
SpÅ Bß-`mhw hn«v ]cm-ßmhv Rm³ Xs¶. F¶ hnizm- ²hpw ca-Wo-b-hp- amb Øm\t¯m B{iaw XoÀ¯v GIm-
k-t¯msS ico-c¯ - n \nh-kn-¡p-s¶-¦n-epw, AXn {K-X-tbmsS AhnsS Ign-b-Ww. ]ns¶ D¯-cm-`n-ap-J-amtbm
\ns¶ Ãmw `n¶ - a mbn al- ¯ mWv B ßm- h v , AXv Z£n- Wm-`n-ap-J-amtbm Ccp¶v IWvTw incÊv ico-cw Ch
FÃmhÀ¡pw \mY-\m-Wv. B\µ kzcq-]-amb B Aa-c-
ka-\n-eb - n-em¡n hmb-S¨v \nÝ-e\
- mbn hÀ¯n-¡-Ww.
{_Òs¯ Adn-bp-¶-h\v Hcn-¡epw ZpxJap-­m-hn-Ã. apt\,
t`Z-ap-f-hm-¡p¶ AÚm\w \in-¡p-t¼mÄ GIXp aqV- 6. \mkmt{K ii-`rXv _nwt_ |
\mWv Bßm-hn\p {_Ò-¯n\p X½n-epÅ anYym t`Zs¯ _nµp-at[y Xpco-bIw |
]cn-K-Wn-¡p-¶Xv? {kh´ aarXw ]tiy |
A©mw JÞw t¶{Xm`ymw kp kam-lnXx ||
1. kayIv IYb ta {_Ò | 7. CUbm {]mW-am-Irjy |
\mUo-ip-Z[nw kam-kXx | ]qc-bn-tXzm-Ztc ØnXw |
bYm ip²ym kZm [ymb³ | XtXm f ánw tZl-a-[yØw |
Poh-·ptàm `hm-arlw || [ymb³ Pzmem-h-eo-bpXw ||

N P
 461

I 8. _nµp-\m-Z-ka- m-bpà | 13. AY sshXXv ]cn-XyPy | K

aán-_oPw hnNn-´-tbXv | kzmß-ip²nw kam-N-tcXv |
- Xv kayIv |
]ÝmXv hntc-Nb Bßm ip²x kZm \nXyx |
{]mWw ]nwK-ebm _p[x || kpJ-cq]x kzbw {]`px ||
aq¡nsâ Aä¯v N{µ-a-Þew ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. F¶ 14. AÚm-\m-·-ent\m `mXn |
`mh-\tbmsS AhnsS {]mW-_n- µp-hn Xpco-b- cq-]- \mb ]c- Úm\mXv ipt²m `h-Xybw |
am-ßm-hns\ AarX t{kmXÊv {]h-ln-¸n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶- AÚm\ ae-]¦w bx |
Xmbn ZÀin-¡p-I. ]ns¶ CUm-\m-Un-bm {]mW hmbp
£mf-tbXv Úm\tXm bXx |
DÅn-te¡v hen¨v hb-ä n \nd¨v tZl-a -[ y-Ø -a mb
Aánsb [ym\n-¡-Ww. DÅn-tem«p hen¨ hmbp-hnsâ
k Gh kÀhZm ipt²m |
k¼À¡-¯m Aán-tZ-h³ Xsâ Pzme-I-tfmsS {]Zo-]vX- \m\yx IÀ½-ctXm ln kx ||
am- Ip¶p F¶v [ym\n- ¡-Ww. ]n¶oSv {]W-h-_n-µp- hn-s\bpw Cu hn[w {]hr-¯n-¡m¯ ]£w Bß ip²n-¡pÅ
\mZm-ß-I-amb Aán _oP-s¯bpw Nn´n-¡-Ww. ]nwKe A\p-jvTm-\§ - Ä sN¿-Ww. Bßmhv ip²-am-Wv. kzbw
\mUn-bn IqSn {]mW-hm-bp-hns\ kmh-[m-\¯n sh-fn- {]Im-i-cq-]-am-W.v kpJ kzcq-]-am-W.v CXn amen-\y-ap-s­-
bn-te¡v hnS-Ww. ¶pÅ Btcm- ]Ww AÚm- \-^-e-amWv. BZyta Xs¶ AXv
9. ]p\x ]nwK-fbm ]qcy | hnip² cq]-¯n Xs¶ ØnXn sN¿p-¶p. AÚm-\-am-
aán-_o-P-a-\p-kva-tcXv | Ip¶ amen\yw Úm\ Pew sIm­v Igp-Ip-¶-h³ ip²-
\m-Ip-¶p. Úm\w ssIhn«v euInI IÀ½- §-fn apgp-Ip-
]p\Àhn-tc-Nt- bXv [oam³ |
¶-h³ ip²-\m-hp-¶n-Ã.
CU-ssbh iss\x iss\x ||
10. {XnN-XpÀhm-kcw hmY | Bdmw JÞw
{XnN-XpÀ hmc-tah hm | 1. {]mWm-bm-a-{Iaw ht£y |
jSv IrXzm hnN-tc-¶nXyw | kmwIrtX irWp kmZcw |
cl-tkyhw {Xnk-Ônjp || {]mWm-bma CXn t{]mtàm |
11. \mUo-ip²n ahm-]vt\mXn | tcN-]q-cI Ipw`ssIx ||
]rYIv NntÓm-]-e-£nXx | 2. hÀ® {Xbm-ßImx t{]màm |
icoc eLpXm Zo]vXnÀ htÓÀ | tcN-]q-cI Ipw`Imx |
Pmcw-hÀ¯n\x || k Gj {]Whx t{]màx |
12. \mZm`n hyà-cn-tXyX | {]mWm-bm-akvXp X·bx ||
NnÓw XXv kn²n kqNIw | 3. CUbm hmbp amIrjy |
bmh-tZ-Xm\n kw]tiy | ]qc-bn-tXzm-Ztc ØnXw |
¯mh-tZhw kam-N-tcXv || iss\x tjmU-i-`nÀamss{X |
]n¶o-Sv ]nwKf \mUn-bn IqSn {]mW-hm-bp-hns\ cImcw X{X kwkva-tcXv ||
DtÅm«v hen¨v ico-c¯- n \nd¨ Aán _oPs¯ Nn´n-
4. ]qcnXw [mc-tbXv ]ÝmXv |
¨-Xn-\p-]-tijw C-Um-\mUn aptJ\ AXns\ ]pd-t¯¡v
hnSp-I. Cu {]{Inb aqt¶m-\mtem Znhkw \nc-´cw sN¿p- NXpx jjvTym-Xp-am-{Xbm |
Itbm \nXyhpw aq¶p kÔy- I- fnepw aqt¶m \mtem Btdm DIm-c-aqÀ¯n-a-{Xm]n |
{]mhiyw sN¿p-Itbm thWw. Cu {Inb-bpsS ^e-ambn kwkva-c³ {]Whw Pt]Xv ||
\mUn ip²-ambn Xocp-¶p. ^ew {]Xy-£-¯n-ep-­m-Ipw.
5. bmhZzm iIytX XmhZv |
icoc emLhw Pwcm-án-bpsS D±o-]\w A\m-lX \mZm-Zn-
hyàn XpS§nb e£-W-§Ä {]I-S-am-Ipw. Cu A\p-`qXn [mc-tbXv P]-X-Xv]cx |
D­m-Ip-¶-Xp-hsc \nc-´cw A`ymkw sN¿p-I. Dt±iw ]qcnXw tcN-tbXv ]Ým |
km[n-¡pw. XzIm-tc-Wm-\new _p[mx ||

N P
 462

I 6. iss\x ]nwK-fbm X{X | K

t¯m-Sp-IqSn hmbp-hns\ CU-bn IqSn ]Xps¡ shfn-bn-
- m-{Xbm ]p\x |
Zzm{Xnw-i· te¡v hnSp-Ibpw thWw. ho­pw ho­pw A`y-kn-¡p-I.
{]mam-bmtam `th-tZhw | C§s\ {]mWm-bmaw \nXyhpw A`y- kn-¡- Ww. Bdp amkw
C§s\ sNbvXm Úm\-lo-\³ t]mepw Úm\n- bm- Ipw.
XX-ssÝhw ka-`y-tkXv ||
Hcp sImÃw km[Iw sNbvXm {_Ò- km-£m- XvImcw e£n-
{]mWm- bma {Ia- s¯- ¸än ]d-bmw. {i²- tbmsS tIÄ¡p- ¡p-¶p. AXp-sIm-­mWv \nXyhpw A`y-kn-¡-W-sa¶v ]d-
I. ]qcI Ipw`-I-tc-NI {Inb-IÄ aptJ\ kwb-an-X-am-Ip¶ bp-¶-Xv. tbmKm-`ymk \nc-X\pw [À½-\n-c-X-\p-am-b-h³
{]mW-\mWv {]mWm-bm- aw. Hm¦m-c-¯n AImc DImc aIm- {]mWm-bm-a-¯m Úm\w t\Sn kmwkvIm-cnI _Ô-\-
c-§Ä F¶o aq¶p hÀ- ®- §- fp- ­v. Ch-bpsS GIo- `m-h-amWv ¯n \n¶pw hnapàn t\Sp-¶p.
{]W-hw. {]mWm-bm-ahpw {]W-hw Xs¶. CU aptJ\
12. {]mW kwb-a-t\-ss\h |
hmbp-hns\ ]Xps¡ DÅn-te¡p hen¨v DZ-c-¯n \nd¨v
AhnsS ]Xn-\mdp am{X-I-tfmSp IqSnb AIm-cs¯ [ym\n- Úm\-aptàm `hn-jyXn |
¡-Ww. ]ns¶ DZ-c-¯n \ncªp \n¡p¶ hmbp Aev] _mlym-Zm-]q-cWw hmtbm |
kabw \ne-\nÀ¯n Adp-]-¯n-\mep am{X-I-tfmSp IqSnb cpZtc ]qctIm ln kx ||
DIm-cs¯ [ym\n-¨p-sIm­v {]Whw P]n-¡-Ww. Ign-bp-¶n-
13. k¼qÀ®-Ipw-`-Im-Zzmtbm |
S- t¯mfw hmbp- hns\ \ne-\n-dp-¯- Ww. ]n¶oSv ap¸-¯n-c­p
am{X-tbmSp IqSnb aIm-cs¯ {i²- tbmsS ]qcn-X-amb hmbp- À[mcWw Ipw`tIm `thXv |
hns\ kmh-[m-\-¯n ]pd¯v hnS-Ww. CXv Hcp {]mWm- _lnÀhn-tc-N\w hmtbm |
bm-a-ambn. C§s\ \nc-´cw A`y-kn-t¡-­-Xp-­v. cpZ-Im-t{Z-NIw kvarXx ||
7. ]p\x ]nwK-f-bm-]qcy | 14. {]tkz-Z-P-\tIm bkvXp |
amss{Xx tjmU-i-`n-kvXYm | {]mWm-bm-tajp tkm f [ax |
BIm-c-aqÀ¯n-a-{Xm]n | I\z\w a[yaw hnZym |
kvatc-tZ-Im{K am\kx || Zp°m\w tNm¯aw hnZp ||
8. [mc-tbXv ]qcnXw hnZzm³ | 15. ]qÀhw ]qÀhw {]IpÀhoX |
{]Whw kwP-]³ hio | bmh-Zp° kw`hx |
DIm-c-aqÀ¯nw k [ymtbXv NXpx | kw`-h-Xyp-¯ta {]mÚx |
jãym Xp am{Xbm ||
{]mWm-bmta kpJo `thXv | ||
9. aImcw Xp kvac³ ]Ým |
16. {]mWm-bm-ta\ Nn¯w Xp |
t{ZN-tb-Zn-U-bm-\new |
ip²w `hXn kp{hX |
Gh-tah ]p\x Ipcym |
Nnt¯ ipt² ipNnx km£mXv |
ZnU-bm-]qcy _p²n-am³ ||
{]XyIv tPymXnÀ hyh-ØnXn ||
10. Ghw ka-`y-tk-¶nXyw |
{]mWm-bmaw ap\n-izc | 17. {]mW-Ýn-t¯\ kwbpàx |
Gh-a-`ym-ktXm \nXyw | ]c-am-ß\n XnjvTXn |
j×m-km-Zy-Xv\m-hm³ `th-Xv || {]mWm-bm-a-]-c-k ymky |
11. hÕ-cmXv {_Ò-hn-Zzm³ kym | ]pcp-jky alm-ß\x ||
¯kvam-¶nXyw ka-`y-tkXv | 18. tZl-tÝm-¯n-jvTtX tX\ |
tbmKm-`ym-km-ctXm \nXyw | InwNnXv Úm\m-Zzn-ap-àXm |
kz[À½ \nc-XÝ bx || tcNIw ]qcIw apàzm Ipw`Iw \nXy-a-`y-tkXv
]ns¶ ]nwK-f-\m-Un-bn-eqsS hmbp aµ-aµw hen¨v ]Xn- 19. kÀh-]m-]-hn-\nÀapàx |
\m-dp-am-{X-tbmSp IqSnb BIm-cs¯ GIm-{K-\mbn ´n-¡- kayIv Úm\-a-hm-]v\p-bmXv |
Ww. hmbp hb-dn \nd-bp-t¼mÄ a\-Ên-s\bpw C{µn-b-
at\m Ph-Xz-am-]vt\mXn |
§-sfbpw ]c-]qÀ®-ambpw hi-¯n-em-¡n Adp-]-¯n-\mep
am{Xm-hi - n-ã-amb DIm-cs¯ [ym\n-¡p-Ibpw {]Wh P]- ]en-XmZn N \iyXn ||

N P
 463
I 20. {]mWm-bm-ssa-I-\n-jvTky \ InwNn-Z]n |
ZpÀe`w XkvamXv kÀh-{]-b-Xvt\\ |
{]mWm-bm-am³ ka-`y-tkXv ||
_mly- hmbp DZ-c-¯n \nd- ¡p¶ {]{In- bbv¡v ]qcIw
F¶p ]d- bp- ¶p. IpSw shÅw sIm­v \nd- ¡p\- \-\- Xp- t]mse
DZcw hmbp-hn-\m \nd-bv¡p-¶-XmWv Ipw`-Iw. hmbp- hns\
]pd-¯p-hn-Sp- ¶Xv tcN- Iw. {]mWm-bmaw sN¿p-t¼mÄ icoc-
¯n hnbÀ¸p-­m-bm B {]{Inb A[-a-am-Wv. ico-c-
¯n hnd-b-ep-­m-bm AXv a[y-a-am-W.v {]mWm-bma ka-
b¯v icocw apI-fn-tem«v s]m§p-¶Xp t]mse tXm¶p-¶Xv
D¯a coXn-bn-epÅ {]mWm-bm-a-am-W.v D¯a kn²n ssIh-
cp-¶Xp hsc Xmgv¶ Xc-¯n-ep-ÅtXm a[ya t{iWn-bn-ep-
fvetXm ]n³Xp-S-cp-I. Ime-{I-a-¯n t\sc-bm-bn-s¡m- Åpw.
D¯-a-t{i-Wn-bn s]«v {]mWm-bmaw km[n-¨m a\p-jy³
AXy´w kpJn-am-\m-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m Nn¯w kwip-²-
am-Ipw. Bß XXzw km£m-XvI-cn-¡m³ km[n-¡p-¶p.
{]mWm-bmaw km[n-¨-hsâ {]mW³ Nn¯-kw-tbmKw t\Sn
]c-am-ßm-hp-ambn tNcp-¶p. B Ah-Ø-bn Ahsâ
icocw apI-fn-tem«v s]m§pw. Úmt\m-Z-b-¯n\pw tam£-
{]m-]vXnXvIpw CS-h-cp-¶p. tcN-I-]q-c-I-§sf At]-£n¨v
Ipw`Iw IqSp-X -e mbn A`y-k n-¡ -Ww. A§-s \-b pÅ
tbmKn¡v t{ijvT- Úm\w e`n¡pw a\Êv PnX-am-Ip-¶p.
tcmaw \c-¡p-¶-Xn\p ImcWamb tcmKw \in-¡p-¶p.
{]mWm-bm-a-¯n \njvT- bp-Åh - \v H¶pw ZpÀe-`-a-Ã. AXp-
sIm­v FÃm {]Im-c-¯nepw {]mWm-bma kn²n ssIh-cp-
¯p-I.
21. hnt\m-tbm-Km³ {]h-£yan {]mWm-bm-aky
kp{]X |
kÔy-tbmÀ {_Ò Imtem]n a[ym-lmt\
hmf-Yhm kZm |
22. _mlyw {]mWw kam-Irjy]qc-bn-tXzm
- Z-tcW N |
\mkmt{K \m`n-at[y N ]mZm-KpjvtT N
[mc-tbXv |
23. kÀh-tcm-K-h n-\nÀ½ptàm Poth-ZzÀ
j-iXw \cx |
\mkm{K [mc-Wm-Zzm]o PntXm `hXn kp{hX |
24. kÀh-tcm-K-\n-hr¯nx kym¶m-`n-at[y Xp
[mc-WmXv |
icoc eLpXm hn{] ]mZmw-KpjvT \ntXm-[-\mXv
25. Pnlzmbm hmbp-am-Irjy bx ]nt_mXv
kXXw \cx |
{ia-Zm-l-hn-\nÀ½ptàm tbmKo-\o-tcmK Xman-bmXv
26. Pnlzbm hmbp-am-Irjy Pnlzm aqte \ntcm-tbXv
]nw_-Z-ar-Xa- -hy{Kw kIew kJ-am-]yp-bmXv |
N P
27. CUbm hmbp-am-Irjy `qÀthmÀat²y K
\ntcm-[-tbXv |
]n_-Z-ar-X-a-hy{Kw kIew kpJ-am-]v\p-bmXv |
28. CUbm thZ-X-¯-h-Ú-kvXYm ]nwK-e-ssb-hN
\u`u \ntcm-[-tb-t¯\ hym[n-`nÀ apNytX \cx
29. amkm-am{Xw {Xnk-Ôymbmw Pnlz-bm-tcm
-]y-am-cpXw |
AarXw N ]nt_m-¶m`u aµw aµw \ntcm-[-tbXv
30. hmXPmx ]n¯Pm tZmjm \iy-t´yh \
kwibx |
\mkm`ymw hmbp-am-Irjy t\{X Zztµz
\ntcm-[-tbXv
31. t\{X-tcm-Km-hn-\-iy´n XYm t{im{X-\n-tcm-[-\mXv
XYm hmbpw kma-tcm-c]y [mc-tbm-Ñn-c -kn-Øn-
Xw. intcm tcmKm- h n- \ - i y´n kXy- a pàw ln
kmwIrtX
{]mWm-bm-a-hn-\n-tbm-Ks¯ ]än C\n ]d-bmw. c­p
kÔy-I-fntem {_Ò- ap-lqÀ¯- ¯ntem a[ym- Ó- k-a-bt¯m
_mly-hm-bp-hns\ BIÀjn¨v DZ-c-¯n \nd¨v \ndp-¯p-
Ibpw DZ-cw, \mkm-{Kw, B`n-Im-a-[y-`m-Kw, Imensâ s]cp-
hn-c F¶n-h-bn hmbp \ne-\nÀ¯pIbpw sNbvXmÂ
kÀh-tcm-K-hn-ap-àn-^-ew. \qdp-h-bÊv hsc BbpÊv In«pw.
\mkm-{K-¯n \nÀ¯n- bm {]mW- hmbp hiw- hZw BIpw.
\m`n-a-²y- ¯n-em-bm kÀh- tcm-K- i-a\w ^ew. ]mZmw-Kp- jT
v -
¯n hmbp \nÀ¯n- bm ico-c-em-Lhw D­m-Ipw. \m¡n-
eqsS hmbp ]m\w sNbvXp-sIm-avSn-cvIp-I¶ hyàn¡v
£oWw, Zmlw F¶nh D­m-In-Ã. BtcmKyw e`n-¡pw.
\m¡n-eqsS hmbp kzoI-cn¨v Pnlzm-aq-e¯ - n \ntcm-[n¨v
im´-ambn AXv ]m\w sNbvXm Akp-J-saÃmw amdpw.
CU-ap-tJs\ hmbp kzmI-cn¨v AXns\ ]qcnI-¯nsâ a²y-
¯n \ntcm-[n¨v AXv Aar- X-]m\w F¶v `mhn-¨m kÀh-
tcm-K-apàn ^ew. CU, ]nwKf Ch-bn-eqsS hmbp kzoI-
cn¨v \m`n-bn \ntcm-Zn-¨mepw kÀh-tcm-K-im´n e`n-¡pw.
Hcp amkw kÔym-h-µ-\-k-a-b-§-enepw \m¡n-eqsS hmbp
AI-t¯¡v hen¨v Aar-X-]m-\`- m-h-\-bn-eqsS \m`nbnÂ
Ah-tcm[n¨m kIe tZmj-§epw ian-¡pw. c­v \mkn-
Im-c-{µ-§-fn-eq-sSbpw hmbp DÅn-te¡v BIÀjn¨v c­p
I®p-I-fnepw \ntcm-[n-¨m t\{X-tcm-K-§-sfÃmw ian-¡pw.
C§ns\ hen-s¨-Sp¯ hmbp-hns\ IÀ®-§-fn \ntcm-[n-
¨m FÃm IÀ®-tcm-K- §fpw amdn-¡n-«pw. hmbp hen¨v inc-
kn \ntcm-[n-¨m FÃm-hn[ timtcm-tcm-K-§fpw amdn-In-
«p-¶p. kmwIr-Xn, Rm³ ]d-ª-sXÃmw ]c-amÀ°-am-W.v
32. kzkvXn-Im-k-\-am-Ømb kam-lnX a\mkv°m
33. A]m-\-aqÀ²zm ap°m]y {]W-th\ iss\x
iss\x
lkvXm`ymw [c-tbXv kayIv I˨mZn
Ic-Wm\n N
 464

I 34. AwKp-jvTm`ymw apt\ t{imt{X XÀP-\o`ymw sSm¸w KW-]X

K
- n-tbbpw kc-kz-Xn-tbbpw kvacn-¡-Ww.
Xp N£pjo ]ns¶ HmwImcw P]n-¨p-sIm­v enwK-\m-f-¯n IqSn ap³`m-
\mkm-] p-Sm-h-[m-\m`ymw {]Ñm-Zy-I-c-Wm\n ssh K¯v \n¶pw hmbp-hns\ kam-IÀjn¨v AXns\ aqe-[m-c-
a²y¯n Øm]n-¡-Ww. AhnsS hmbp-hns\ \ntcm-[n-
35. B\-µm-hnÀ`thm bmh-¯m-hm³
¨p-sIm-avSn-cp-¶m Ahn-Ss¯ Aán {]Zo-]vX-ambn IpÞn-
aqÀ[-\n-[ m-c-WmXv
en-\n-bn-te¡v Ib-dp-¶p. ]ns¶ hmbp Aán-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn,
{]mWx {]bm-Xy-t\-ss\h {_Ò-c{µw alm-apt\ kpjva-\-bn IqSn apI-fn-te¡v t]mIp-¶p.
36. {_Ò-c{µw KtX hmbu \mZ-tÝmXv
43. Gh-a-`y-k-X-kvXky PntXm-hm-bpÀ `thXv `riw
]ZytX f \L
{]tkzZx {]Yax ]ÝmXv I¼\w ap\n-]pw-Kh
iwJ-[z-\n-\n-`-ÝmZu at[y taJ-²z-\nÀ bYm
37 intcm-a-[y-KtX hmbu Kncn-{]-{k-hWw bYm 44. D°m\w N ico-cky NnÓ-ta-X-Ön-tXm-\nte
]ÝmXv {]otXm alm-{]Úx km£m-Zmtßm Gh-a-`y-k-Xk
- vXky aqe-tcmtKm hn\-i yXn
·ptJm `th-Xv, ]p\-kvX-Úm-\-\n-jv]-¯nÀ 45. `K-µcw N \ãw kyÕÀh-tcm-KmÝ kmwIrtX
tbmKmXv kwkm-c-\n-Óp-Xn. ]mX-Im\n hn\-iy´n £p{ZmWn N alm-a´n N
kzkvXn-Im-k-\-¯n-en-cp¶v GIm-{K-Nn-¯-\mbn HmwIm- 46. \tã ]mt] hnip²w kym¨n-¯-ZÀ¸-Wa - -Zv`pXw
c-P-]-t¯msS A]m-\-hm-bp-hns\ ]Xps¡ apI-fn-tem«v ]p\À{_-ÒmZn t`mtKt`ym sshcmKyw
sIm­v h¶v IÀ®m-Zn-Isf Xsâ c­p ssIsIm­pw \Ã- PmbtX lrZn
Xp-t]mse AaÀ¯-Ww. C§s\ apI-fnse FÃm C{µn-b-
§-sebpw Bh-cWw sNbvXv B\-µm-\p-`q-Xn-hsc hmbp- 47. hnc-àky Xp kwkm-cm-ÖvRm\w ssIh-ey-
hns\ Ahn- sS-Xs¶ \ntcm- [n-¡Ww At¸mÄ {]mW³ {_Ò- km-[Iw
c-{µ-¯n {]th-in¡pw AtXmsS BZyw iwJ-\m-Zw-t]m- tX\-]m-]m-]-lm\nx kymÚmXzm tZhw
epÅ #wK-`o-c-[z\n tIÄ¡mw. hmbp intcm-a-[y-¯n kZm-inhw
ØnXn-sN-¿p-t¼mÄ ]Àh-X-¯n \n¶v ]Xn-¡p¶ Acp-hn- 48. Úm\-ar-X-ctkm tb\ kIr-Zm-kzm-ZntXm
bp-tS- Xp-t]mse i_vZw tIÄ¡mw. AtXmsS tbmKn¡v {]k- `thXv
¶X ssIhcpw; Bß-km-£m¡mcw kn²n¡pw kmwkm-
k kÀh-Im-cy-ap-ÕrPy Xss{Xh ]cn-[m-hXn
cnI _Ô-§-fn \n¶v tamN-\hpw e`n-¡p-¶p.
49. Úm\-kz-cq-]-ta-h-d-lpÀ PK-tZ-X-Zzn-e£
- Ww
38. Z£n-tWm-¯-c-KpÂt^\ koh\ow
AÀ°-kz-cq-] -a-Úm-\m-Xv]-iy-´y-t\y-Ip-Zr-ãbx
]oU-tbXv Øncw
50. Bß-kz-cq] hnÚm-\m-ZvÚm-\ky ]cn-£bx
39. kthy-X-cW KpÂt^\ ]nU-tbZv _p²n-am-¶cx
£ntW-Úmt\ alm-{]mÚ cmKm-Zo\mw
Pmt\zm-c[xØnXmw kÔnw kvarXzm tZhw
]cn-£bx
{Xnbw-_Iw
51. cmKmZy kw`th {]mÚ-]p-Wy-]m] hnaÀ±\w
40. hn\m-bIw N kwkvarXy XYm hmKo-izcow ]p\x
XtbmÀ\m-tim-i-co-tcW \w]p\x kw{]-bp-Py
enwK-\m-fmXv kamI jy hmbp-a-]y-{KtXm apt\
tX CXn.
41. {]W-th\ \nbp-tà\ _nµp bptà\
_p²n-am³ C§s\ \nc-´-c- amb A`ym-k- ¯m hmbp-hns\ Pbn-
¡mw. BZyw hnbÀ¸p-­mIpw; ]ns¶ hnd-b ]ns¶ ico-
aqem-[m-cky hnt{]{µ at[y Xw Xp \ntcm-[-tbXv
c-¯n DuÀ²z-K-a-\w. Cu e£-W-§-sfÃmw hmbp-hns\
42. \ncp[ym hmbp\m Zo]vtXm hÓn-cq-lXn Pbn-¡m-\p-Åh- b
- mWv Cu A`ymkw \nc-´cw sN¿p-¶-
IÞeow hsâ tcmK-saÃmw \in-¡p-¶p. {]mW-bm-a-¯m `K-µcw
]p\x kpjp-av\bm hmbpÀ hÓn\m XpS-§nb tcmK-§epw ian-¡p-¶p. ]m]\mihpw D­m-hp-
kl-K-Ñ-Xn. ¶p. a\Êv I®m-Sn-t]mse ip²-am-Ipw. {_Òm-Zn-tZ-h³am-
KpZ-¯n\pw D]-Ø-¯n\pw at[y-bpÅ \mUn-bmWv cpsS B\-µ-km-{µ-amb temIw {]m]n-¡-W-sa¶ Bibpw
koh-\n. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m AXmWv ico-c-¯nsâ c­p ian-¡pw. t`mK-P-\y-amb kpJ-§-fn hncàn D­m-Ip¶p.
`mK-§-sfbpw kwtbm-Pn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv. koh-\nsb Xsâ Ccp- ]c-amÀ° t_m[w P\n-¡p-¶p. hnj-b-§Ä \ã-s¸-«mÂ
h-i-§-fn-te¡pw AaÀ¯n Dd-¨n-cp¶v ap«n-\p-Xm-tg-bpÅ ]m]-]p-Wv§Ä Ah-ti-jn-¡p-¶n- Ã. AtXmsS ]p\ÀP³a-
{Xnbw-_Iw F¶ tPmXn- À-enw-Ks¯ `mh-\- sN-¿- Ww. AtXm- sa- Sp-t¡­ ImXyhpw D­m-In-Ã.

N P
 465
I Ggmw JÞw.
1. AYmXx kw{]-h-£yman {]Xym-lmcw alm-apt\
C{µn-bmWmw hnN-cXmw hnj-tbjp kz`m-hXx
2. _em-Zm-l-cWw tXjmw {]Xym-lcx k DNytX
bXv ]iyXn Xp XÂkÀhw {_Ò-]-iy³
kam-lnXx
3. {]Xym-ltcm `th-tZj {_Ò-hnZv`nx ]ptcm-ZnXx
bZyXv ip²-am-ip²w hm ItcmXym ac-Wm-´nIw
4. XÕÀhw {_ÒtW IpcymXv {]Xym-lcx k
DNytX
AYhm \nXy-IÀ½mWn {_Òm-cm-[\ _p²nXx
5. Imaym\n N XYm IpcymXv {]Xym-lmcx k DNytX
AYhm hmbp-am-Irjy Øm\mXv Øm\w
\ntcm-[-tbXv
6. Z´-aq-em-¯Ym IWvtT IWvTm-Zp-c-kn-am-cpXw
Dtcm-tZ-imZv kam-Irjy \m`n-tZti \ntcm-[-tbXv
7. \m`n-tZ-imXv kam-Irjy IpÞeymw
Xp\n-tcm-[-tbXv
IpÞ-eo-tZ-itXm hnZzm³ aqe-[mtc
\ntcm-[-tbXv
8. AYm-]m-\mXv ISn-Zztµz XtYmcu N kpa-[yta
Xkvam-Öm-\p-Zztb PwtL ]mZmw-KpjvtT
\ntcm-[-tbXv
9. {]Xym-lm-tcmb apàkvXp {]Xym-lm-ck - vasscx
]pcm
Gh-a-`ymk bpàky ]pcp-jky alm-ß\x
alm-ap-t\, C\n Rm³ {]Xym-lm-c-s¯-¸än ]d-bmw.
kzm`m-ths\ hnj-b§ - -fn k©-cn-¡p¶ C{µnb§sf
_e-ambn C{µn-b- §- en \n¶v {]Xym-l-cn-¡p-I-bmWv {]Xym-
lm-cw. a\p-jy³ ImWp-¶- sXÃmw {_Ò- amWv F¶pÅ `mh-
\-tbmsS {_Ò-¯n Xs¶ a\- Êns\ GIm- {K-am-¡p-¶-Xn\v
{]Xym-lmcw F¶v ]d-bp-¶p. acWw hsc a\p-jy³ sNbvXn-
«pÅ FÃm ip`m-ip-`-IÀ½-§epw Ah³ ]c-am-ßm-hnÂ
kaÀ¸n-¡-Ww. AXpw {]Xym-lm-c- am-Wv. \nXy-IÀ½-§epw
`K-h-ZÀ¸n-X- IÀ½-§epw {]Xym-lm-c-¯n s]Sp-¶p. hmbp-
hns\ Hcp Øm\¯v \n¶v BIÀjn¨v asämcp Øm\¯v
Dd-¸n-¡-Ww. Z´-aq-e-¯n \n¶v hmbp-hns\ BIÀjn¨v
lrZ-b-¯nepw lrZ-b-¯n \n¶v \m`n-bn- te¡pw \m`n- bnÂ
\n¶ IpÞ-en-\n-bn-te¡pw IpÞ-en-\n-bn \n¶v aqem-
[m-c-¯n-te¡pw Øm]n-¡-Ww. ho­pw AhnsS\n¶v amän
IvSn{]-tZ-i-¯nsâ c­v hi-§-fn-te¡pw B¡-Ww. ]ns¶
XpS-I- fpsS a²y-`m- K¯v Øm]n-¡-Ww. XpS-I-fn \n¶v ap«p-
I-fnepw ap«p-If- n \n¶v IWw-Im-ep-I-fnepw IWw-Im-ep-
I-fn \n¶v Imense s]cp-hn-c-ep-I-fnepw sIm­p-t]mbn
N P
hmbp-hns\ \ntcm-[n-¡p-I. {]mNo-\-Imew apXÂ {]Xym-lm- K
c-{]-{In-bb
- n apgp-In-I-gnª alm-ßm-¡-sfÃmw CXn-s\-
bmWv {]Xym-lmcw F¶v Nq­n-Im-Wn-¨n-«p-Å-Xv.
10. kÀh-]m-]m\n \iy´n `h-tcm-KÝ kp{hX
\mkm`ymw hmbp-am-Irjy \nÝex
kzkvXn-Im-k\x
11. ]qc-tb-Z-\n-ew hnZzm-\m-]m-ZX
- e akvXIw
]Ým-Xv]m-ZZ- ztb XZzm³ aqem-[mtc XtYh N.
12. \m`n-Itµ N lr·t[y IWvT-aqte N XmeptI
{`pthmÀat[y eemtS N XYm aqÀ[\n [mc-tbXv
13. tZtl kzmß-aXnw hnZzm³ kam-Irjy
kam-lnXx
Bß-\m-ß\n \nÀZztµz \nÀhn-IÂt]
\ntcm-[-tb-Xv.
14. {]Xym-lmcx kam-JymXx km£mXv
thZm-´-th-Zn`nx
Gha-`y-kX- k
- vXky \ InNn-Z]n ZpÀe`w
{]Xym-l mcw ioen-¡p-¶-hc - psS kI-e] - m-]§
- pew
kmwkm-cn-IZpxJhpw ian- ¡p-¶p. Ønc-Nn-¯-\mbn kzkvXn-
Im-k-\-¯n-en-cp¶v c­p \mkn-Im-c-{µ-§-fn-ep-sSbpw hmbp-
hns\ BIÀjn¨v ]mZw apXÂ inc-Êp-hs - c-bpÅ Øm\-
§-fn \nd-bv¡vWw. ]ns¶ c­v ]mZ-§-fnepw aqem-[m-c-
¯nepw \m`n-I- µ-¯nepw lrZ- b-a-[y- ¯nepw s\än- bnepw inc-
Ênepw hmbn-hns\ Øm]n-¡-Ww. hmbp-[m-c-I-amb {]Xym-
lm-ca- m-Wn-Xv. GIm-{K-Nn-¯-\mbn Bß- _p²n ]cn-Xy-Nn¨v
\nhn-I¸-amb Bßm-hn Bß-_p²n Øm]n-¡-Ww.
CXp- Xs¶ bYmÀ°-amb {]Xym-lm-c-sa¶v thZm- ´- th-Zn- IÄ
]d-bp-¶p. C§s\ {]Xym-lmcw A`y-kn-¡p-¶-h\v temI-
¯n- sem¶pw ZpÀe-`-am-In-Ã.
F«mw JÞw
1. AYXx kw{]-h-£yman [mcWmx ]© kp{hX
tZl-a-[y-KtX thymav\n _mlym-Imiw Xp
[mc-tbXv
2. {]mtWm _mly-\new XZz-Öz-et\ Nmán-au-Ztc
tXmbw tXmbw-itI `qanw `qan-`mtK alm-apt\
3. lb-h-c-eI- m-cmJymw a{´-ap-¨m-c-tbXv {IamXv
[mc-ssWjm ]cm-t{]màm kÀh-]m]
hntim-[n\o
4. Pm\zm´w ]rYnho-lywtim ly]mw-]m-bz
-´-ap-NytX
lrZ-bmw-ik - vX-Y-áymwtim {`qa-[ymt´m
\nemw-iIx
 466
I 5. BIm-imw-i-kvXYm {]mÚ aqÀ²mwix
]cn-IoÀ¯nXx
{_ÒmWw ]rYn-ho-`mtK hnjvWpw
tXmbmw-itI XYm
6. Aáywti N atl-im-\a
- o-kzcw Nm\n-emw-itI
BIm-imwti alm-{]mÚ [mc-tb¯p
kZm-inhw
7. AYhm Xh h£yman [mcWw ap\n-]pw-Kh
]pcpj kÀh-im-kvXmcw t_m[m-\-µ-abw inhw.
8. [mc-tbXv _p²n-am-¶nXy kÀh-]m-]-hn-ip-²tb
{_Òm-Zn-Im-cy-cp-]mWn tkz tkz
kwlrXy ImcWw
9. kÀh-Im-c-Wa
- -hy-à -a-\n-cq-] y-a-tN-\ Xw
km£m-Zm-ß\n kw]qÀt® [mc-tbXv
{]W-thh Xp
C{µn-bmWn kam-lrXy a\-km-ß\n tbmP-tbXv
tlm, kp{h-X, C\n Rm³ A§-tbmSv ]©-[m-c-W-I-
sf-¡ p-d n¨v ]d-b mw. tkzl-Ø n-X -amb BIm-i -¯ nÂ
_mlym-Im-is¯ [cn-¡-Ww. A§s\ {]mW-\n \n¶v
_mly-hm-bp-hn-s\bpw PT-cm-án-bn \n¶v _mlym-án-
sbbpw tZl-P-e-¯n \n¶v _mly Pe-s¯bpw `qhn-`m-
K¯v `qan-sbbpw [cn-¡-Ww. H¶n-s\bpw [cn-¡p-t¼mÄ
bYm-{Iaw lw, bw, cw, hw, ew F¶o _oP-a-{´-§Ä D¨-
cn-¡-Ww. Cu [mcWw kÀh-t{ijvThpw kÀh-]m-]-l-c-hp-
am-Wv. ]mZw apXÂ ap«v hsc-bpÅ `mKw `qan-bpsS Awi-
sa¶pw ap«p-ap-XÂ KpZw hsc-bpÅ `mKw Pemw-i-sa¶pw
KpZw apXÂ lrZbw hsc-bpÅ `mKw Aáymwiw F¶p
lrZbw apXÂ {`qa[yw hsc-bpÅ `mKw hmbp-hnsâ
Awiw F¶p intcm- `mKw BIm-imw- i-sa¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.
`qan-bpsS Awi-¯n {_Òm-hn-s\bpw Pemw-i-¯nÂ
hnjvWp-hn-s\bpw Aáymw-i-¯n atl-iz-c-s\bpw hmbn-
hnsâ Ai-¯n Cuiz-c-s\bpw BIm-i- ¯n kZm inh-
s\bpw [ym\n-¡-Ww. asämcp [mc-Wsb¸än C\n ]d-bmw.
Úm\n-IÄ kzmßm-hn t_m[-a-b\pw B\-µa - -b\pw
Ieym-W-a-b\pw Bb ]c-am-ßm-hns\ \nXyhpw [cn-¡-Ww.
C§s\ sNbvXm kÀh ]m]-ap-àn-\m-Ipw. Imcy-cq-]-§-
fmb {_Òm-Zn-Ise Ah- cpsS Imc-W-¯n ebn-¸n¨v _p²n-
s¡Ãmw A\nÀh-N-\o-b\pw ]c-a-Im-c-W-]p-cp-j\pw Ahy-
à-\p-amb ]c-ta-iz-cs\ kzmßm-hn [mc-W-sN-¿Ww
A§s\ sN¿p-t¼mÄ Xsâ a\-Ên-e\v kI-e-I-em-bp-à-
amb HmwIm-c-cq-]n-bmb ]c-ta-iz-c-\n kzbw kaÀ¸Ww
sN¿-Ww.
N P
H³]Xmw JÞw K
1. AYmXx kw{]-h-£yman [ym\w
kwkm-c-\m-i\w
EXw, kXyw, ]cw-{_Ò kÀh-kw-kmtc t`jPw
2. DuÀ²z-tcXw hniz-cq]w hncq-]m£w atl-izcw
tkml-an-Xym-Z-tc-ssWh [ymtb-tZym-Ko-iz-tc-izcw
3. AY-hm-k -Xy-ao-im\w Úm\-am-\-µa
- -Zzbw
AXyÀ°-a-New \nXy-am-Zn-a-²ym´ hÀÖnXw
4. XYm f Øqe-\m-I m-i-a-kw-kv]r-iy- a-Nm-£ pjw
\ ckw \ NK-ÔmJy a{]-ta-b-a-\p-]aw
5. Bßm\w k¨n-Zm-\µ
- -a´w {_Ò kp{hX
Al-a-kvao-Xy-`v[ ym-tb-t²y-bm-X oXw hnap-àtb
6. Gh a`ym-k-bp-àky ]pcp-jky alm-ß\x
{Iam-tZz-Zm-´-hn-Úm\w hnPm-tbX \ kwibx
C\n kwkm-c -\m-i-I-amb [ym\-s¯-¸än ]dbmw.
tbmKo-iz-c³amÀ¡v Cuiz-c -\m-b -h\pw hncq-]m-£ \pw
DuÀÖ-tc-XÊpw kIe kwkm-cZpxJ¯n\v GI-am-ss{X-
j-[hpw hniz-cq-]\pw atl-iz-c\pw kXy-kz-cq-]-\p-amb ]c-
{_-Òs¯ Bß-cq-]¯n `àn]qÀÆw [ym\n-¡-Ww. B
[ym\w ]c-{_Ò Rm³ Xs¶-bm-sW¶ `mh-\-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-
Xs¶bmbn-cn-¡-Ww. [ym\w asäm-c p-hn-[-¯n-ep-am-h mw.
kÀth-iz-c\pw kXy-kz-cq-]\pw B\-µa - -b\pw AZzn-Xo-
b\pw \nÀa-e\pw Úm\-kz-cq-]\pw BZy-a- ²ym-´-lo-\\pw
\nXy\pw Atlm-N-c\pw tZlm-Xo-X-\p-amb ]c-am-ßm-hns\
Nn´n-¡p-I. _p²n-sIm­v B ]c-{_Ò Rm³ Xs¶-bm-
sW¶v `mhn-¡p-Ibpw thWw. Cu hn[-¯n-epÅ Nn´-
bnepw A`ym-k§ - -enepw ebn-¨n-cn-¡p¶ alm-ßm-hns\
thtZm-à-amb {_Ò-X-Xz-¯nsâ kwi-b-c-ln-X-amb hnti-
j-Úm\w e`n-¡pw.
]¯mw JÞw
1. AYmXx kw{]-h-£yman kam[nw `h-\m-i\w
kam[nx kwhn-Zp-Xv]¯nx ]c-Po-ssh-I-Xmw-{]Xn
2. \nXyx kÀh-K-tXm-lymßm IqStØm
tZj-hÀÖnXx
GIx kw`n-ZytX {`m´ym ambbm \ kzcq-]Xx
3. Xkvam-Z-ssZz-X-ta-hm-kvXn\ {]]t©m \
kwkrXnx
bYm-Itim LS-Imtim aTm-Imi CXo-cnXx
4. XYm {`mss´À Zzn[m t{]màm lymßm
Poth-izcm
ß\m, \mlw tZthm \ N {]mtWm t\{µn-bmWn
at\m \ln.
 467

I 5. kZm km£n kzcq-]-Xzm-Ñnh Ghmkvan tIhex ¯m `n¶-am-bn-Im-W-s¸-Sp-¶p. bYmÀ°-¯n Pohm-ß- K

CXn [ocym ap\n-t{ijvT km kam-[n-cn-tlm-NytX ]-c-am-ßm-¡Ä¡v t`Z-an-Ã. AXn-\m AssZz-X-`m-h\ - -X-s¶-
bmWv kXyw. {]]©w Fs¶m-¶n-Ã. BIm-i-s¯-Xs¶
6. kmlw {_Ò \ kwkmco \ at¯m f \yx
LSm-Im-i-sa¶pw aTm-Im-i -s a¶pw ]d-bp-¶ -Xp-t]mse
IZm-N\
AÚm\nIÄ Hcp Cuiz-c-s\-Xs¶ Poh-s\¶pw {_Ò-
bYm t^\-Xc - w-KZn kap-{Zm-Zp-°n\w ]p\x sa¶pw c­p-hn-[- ¯n ImWp-¶p. Bcv kzbw tZl- sa¶pw
7. kapt{Z eobtX XZz-Ö-k³a-¿-\p-e-btX {]mW-s\¶pw C{µn-b-s a¶pw a\-sʶpw Icp-X msX
Xkvam³ a\x ]rY-Mv\mkvXn PK³ambm N km£n-kz-cq-]-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ Htc-in-h-cq-]-amb ]c-
\mkvXn ln am-ßmhv Xs¶-bm-sW¶v Icp-Xp-¶-Xv, Ah-cpsS Cu hn[-
8. bsskyhw ]c-am-ßmbw {]Xyp-Kv`pXx {]Im-inXx apÅ \nÝ-bm-ßI _p²n-sb-bmWv kam-[n-sb¶v ]d-bp-¶-
Xv. bYmÀ°-¯n Rm³ Cuiz-c-\m-Wv, kwkm-c-_-Ô-
k Xp bmXn N ]p`mhw kzbw
¯n AI-s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶ Pohn-b- Ã, F¶n \n¶v `n¶-ambn
km£m-Xv]-cm-arXw
Hcp hkvXp-hn\pw AØnXzw CÃ \ncbpw ]Xbpw kap-{Z-
9. bZm a\kn ssNX\yw `mXn kÀh-{XKw kZm ¯n \n¶p-­mbn kap-{Z-¯n Xs¶ hnebw sImÅp-
tbmKnt\m f hyh-[m-t\\ XZm-kw-]-ZytX kzbw ¶- Xp-t]mse Cu PK¯pw F¶n \n¶p D­mbn F¶nÂ
10. bZm kÀhmWn `qXm\n kzmß-t\yh ln ]iyXn Xs¶ ebn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m krãn¡v Imc-W-`q-X-amb
kÀh-`q-tXjp Nmßm\w {_Ò-kw-]-ZytX XZm a\Êpw F¶n \n¶v `n¶-a-Ã. ]c-am-ßm-hn\v kzmß-cq-]-
11. bZm kÀhmWn `qXm\n kam-[ntØm \ ]iyXn ¯n ImWp¶ hyàn {_ÒXzw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Úm\n
kÀh-Po-hn-I-sfbpw X¶n Xs¶ ImWp-Ibpw FÃm Pohn-
GIo-`qXx ]tc-Wku XZm `hXn tIhex I-fnepw Xm³ ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-Xmbn {Kln-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-
12. bZn ]iyXn Nmßm\w tIhew ]c-amÀ°Xx ¶p. kam-[n-س ]c-am-ßm-hp-ambn XmZmßyw {]m]n¨v
ambm-am{Xw PK-ZvIrkv\w XZm `hXn \nÀhrXnx X¶n \n¶v `n¶- ambn Hcp {]mWn- tbbpw ImWm-Xn- cn-¡p¶
13. Gh-apàzm k `K-hm³ Z¯m-t{Xtbm alm-ap\nx AhØ hcp-t¼mÄ Ah³ ]c-am-ß-kz-cq-]¯ - n Xs¶-
bmWv ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-Xv. Xsâ Bßm-hns\ am{Xw kXy-
kmwIrXnx kzkz-cq-t]W kpJ-am-kvtXXn
kz-cq-]-¯n ImWp-Ibpw kÀh-P-K-¯n-t\bpw amb-bpsS
\nÀ`bx
eoem-hn- em-k-sa¶v a\-Ên- em-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p- t¼mÄ Ah³
temI-hp-am-bpÅ _Ô-§sf hntÑ-Zn-¡p¶ kam-[n- ]c-am-\µw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. C§s\ D]-tZiw \ÂIn-b-Xn-\p-
sb-¸än C\n ]d-bmw. ]c-am-ßm-hn-sâbpw Pohm-ßm-hn- tijw Z¯m-t{X-b³ au\w-`p-Pn¨p kmwIr-Xn-ap\n B D]-
sâbpw GIo-`m-hs¯ kw_-Ôn-¨n-«pÅ \nÝ-bm-ß-I-amb tZiw {Kln¨v Xsâ bYmÀ° cq]-¯n Ccp-¶p-sIm­v
_p²n-b psS {]I-S \w Xs¶-b mWv kam-[ n. Bßmhv `b-c-ln-X\pw B\-µ-a-b\pw Nn·-b-kz-cq-]-\p-am-bn.
\nXyhpw GI-c-k-bp-àhpw kÀh-hym-]nbpw kÀh-tZm-j-
Pm_m-e-ZÀi-t\m-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
hn-lo-\h- p-amWv AXv H¶m-sW-¦nepw ambm-P-\n-X- amb {`a-

1 Pm_m-eyp-]-\n-j¯v 3

im´n-]mTw cWw ta AkvX p. XZm-ß-\n-c tX b D]-\ n-j-Õp-

Hmw B]ym-b´p aamw-Km\n hmIv {]mWm-Ý- [À½kvtX abn k´p tX abn k´p.
£p-t{im-{X-atYm _e-an-{µn-b mWn N kÀhm-W n. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
kÀhw {_tÒm-]-\n-j-Zw. amlw {_Ò \ncm-Ipcymw Fsâ Awl-§Ä ]pãn {]m]n-¡-s«. hm¡v {]ma³
amam {_Ò \ncm-I-tcm-Z-\ncm IcW akvXz-\n-cm-I- t\{Xw t{im{Xw _ew C{µn-b-§Â FÃmw ]pãn {]m]n-¡-
N P
 468
I s«. FÃm D]-\n-j-¯p-Ifpw {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p. Rm³ {_Ò-
s¯bpw {_Òw Fs¶bpw ssIhn-Sm-Xn-cn-¡-s«. A§-s\-
bpÅ F\n¡v D]-\n-j-¯n {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡-s¸-«n-«pÅ [À½-
§Ä ssIh-c-s«. Ah F¶n DÄs¡m-Å-s«. Hmw im´nx
im´nx im´nx
1. lcn Hmw AY ssl\w `K-h´w Pm_menw ss]¸-
em`nw ]{]Ñ `K-hm³ ta {_qln ]c-a-XXz clkyw
ss]¸-em-Zn-`K
- -hm-\mb Pm_m-en-tbmSv tNmZn¨p: `K-
hms\ As§-\n¡v ]c-a-X-Xz-ckyw ]d-ªp-X-cmtam?
2. Inw X¯zw tIm Pohx Ix ]ipx Ix Cuix tIm
tamt£m-]mb CXn.
F´mWv XXzw? F´mWv Poh³? F´mWv ]ip?
BcmWv Cuiz-c³? tamt£m-]mbw F´mWv?
3. k Xw tlmhmN km[p ]rãw, kÀhw \nth-Z-
bman bYm ÚmX-an-Xn.
Pm_men ]dªp: tNmZyw Gähpw D¯-a-am-bn-cn-¡p-
¶p. AXn-\m F\n-¡-dn-bm-hp-¶-sXÃmw Rm³ ]dªp
Xcmw.
4. ]p\x k Xap-hm-Nþ- I
- p-X-kvXbm Úm\-anXn
5. ]p\x k Xap-hm-Nþ- j
- Um-\-\m-ZnXn
6. ]p\x k Xap-hm-Nþ- t- X\mY IptXm ÚmX anXn
7. ]p\x k Xap-hm-Nþ- t- Xt\-im-\m-ZnXn
8. ]p\x k Xap-hm-Nþ- I
- Yw Xkvam-t¯\
ÚmX anXn
9. ]p\x k Xap-hm-Nþ- X
- Zp-]m-k-\m-ZnXn
10. ]p\x k Xap-hm-Nþ- `- K-h³ Ir]bm ta kc-
lkyw kÀhw \nth-Z-tbXn
ss]¸n-emZn ]dªp: A§v Cu ]ca XXz-c-lkyw
F§s\ Adnªp:
At±lw Fhn-sS-\n-¶-dn-ªp.
Rm³ j¬ap-J-\n \n¶pw Adn-ªp.
At±lw Cuiz-c-\nÂ\n¶dn-ªp.
At±lw F§-s\-bm-W-dn-ªXv?
At±lw D]m-k\ sIm­- dn-ªp.
`K-hms\ F¶m B cl- ky-§-sfÃmw Zb-hp-sNbvXv
F\n¡p ]dªp Xcp-I.
ktX\ ]rãx kÀhw \nth-Z-bm-amk XXzw
]ip-]-Xn-c-lw-Im-cm-hnãx kwkmco Poh Gh ]ipx
kÀhÚx ]©-Ir-Xy-k-¼¶x kÀth-izc Cuix
]ip-] Xnx
N P
ss]¸-em-Zn-bm C§s\ tNmZn-¡-s¸«v Pm_men
K
FÃmw ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¯p. Alw-Im-c-bp-à-\mb ]ip-]Xn
Xs¶-bmWv {]m]-©n-I-Po-h-\mb ]ip-hm-bn-¯o-cp-¶-X v.
kÀh-Ú\pw krãn, ØnXn, kwlm-cw, Xntcm-`m- hw, A\p-
{Klw Cu A©p IrXy-§-fn k¼-¶\pw kÀth-iz-c-\p-
amb Cuiz-c³ Xs¶- bmWv ]ip-]-Xn.
12. tI ]ih CXn ]p\x k Xap-hmN Pohm ]ih
Dàmx XXv]-Xn-XzmXv ]ip-]Xn?
ss]¸- emZn tNmZn¨p: ]ip BcmWv? Pm_men ]d- ªp.
Poh³ Xs¶-bmWv ]ip. Ah-bpsS ]Xn-bm-b-Xp-sIm­v
At±-ls¯ ]ip-]Xn F¶p ]d-bp-¶p.
13. k]p-\ kvX w tlm hmN IYw Pohmx ]ih
CXn? IYw XXv
]Xn-cnXn?
ss]¸-emZn ho­pw At±-l-t¯mSv tNmZn¨p: Pohs\
]ip- sh¶v F´p- sIm­v ]d- bp- ¶p. F§s\ Cuiz-c³ Ah-
bpsS ]Xn-bm-Ip-¶p.
14. k X ap hm N bYm Xr Wmint\m hnth-I-
lo\mx ]c-t{]jymx Irjym-Zn-IÀ½-kp-\n-bpàmx
kIe ZpxJ k lmx kz kzman-_ -[ y-am\m Khm
Zbx ]ihx bYm XXv kzman\x Ch kÀhÚ
Cuix ]ip-]Xnx
Pm_men ]d-ªp: ]pÃp- Xn- ¶p- ¶-hbpw hnth-I-an- Ãm- ¯-
hbpw A\yÀ¡v Zmkyw sN¿p-¶ -h bpw Irjn-I m-c y-
§Ä¡pw aäpw D]-tbm-K -s¸-S p-¯ p-¶ -h bpw ]e-h n[
ZpxJ§epw kln-¡p-¶-hbpw _Ô-\¯ - n Ign-bp-¶-h-
bp-amb ]ip apX- emb arK-§Ä GsX-¦nepw bP-am-\sâ
A[o- \-X-bn Ign-bp-¶-Xp-t]mse FÃm Poh\pw kÀh- Ú-
\mb Cuiz-c sâ A[o-\ -X -b n Ign-b p-¶ -X p-s Im­v
Cuizc³ ]ip-]X - n-bm-bn.
15. XXvÚm\w tIt\m-]m-tb\ PmbtX?
16. ]p\x k Xap-hm-Nþ- h
- n-`qXn [mc-Wm-tZ-h.
17. XXv {]Imcx IY-an-Xn, Ip{X Ip{X [mcym?
ss]¸-e mZn: B Úm\w F§s\ t\Smw?
Pm_men hn`qXn [mcWw sIm­v B Úm\w kn²n-¡p-
¶p. ss]¸-emZn: AXnsâ hn[n F´mWv? GtX-sXÃmw
Øm\-§-fn-emWv AXv [cn-t¡-­Xv?
18. ]p\x k Xap-hmN ktZym-Pm-XmZn ]©-{_Ò
ass{´À `kva kwKrly Aán-cnXn `kvta \yt\X
A`n- a - {´y- a m- \ - k v t XmI CXn kar- ² y- X y- P -t e\
kw krPy {Xymbp- j - a nX n intcm- e - e m- S - h £x
kv I tÔ- j znXn Xnkr- ` n- k v X ym- b p- s sj- k v { Xbw
_ssIx kvXnt{km tcJmx {]IpÀho-X-{hX taXXv
imw`hw kÀthjp thtZjp thZ-h m-Zn-` n-c pàw
 469

I `hXn XXv kam-N-tcXv apap-£pÀ\ ]p\À`-hmb AXnsâ {]Y-a-t cJ KmÀl-]-Xymán ctPm-KpWw K

Pm_men ]dªp: ktZym PmXmZn ]©-{_-Òa
¯m `kva-sa-Sp¯v Aán-cnX `kva F¶ a{´-¯mÂ
AXns\ [cn-¡p-Ibpw shÅ-¯n Ipg¨v {Xymbpjw F¶
a{´-¯m Xe, s\än, s\©n, tXmÄ F¶o `mK-§-fnÂ
{Xmbp- jw, ss{Xyw_Iw F¶o a{´- §-fm aq¶p tcJ hc-
bv¡p-Ibpw sN¿pI F¶ imw`-h-{hXw kIe thZ-§-
fnepw thZ-hm- Zn-I- fmepw ]d-b-s¸-«n-cn- ¡p-¶p. Cu {hXw BN-
cn-¨m apap-£p-¡Ä¡v ]p\ÀP·w D­m-hp-I-bn-Ã.
19. AY k\Xv Ipamcx {]amWw ]rÑXn {Xn]p- {Xp]pÞw [cn-t¡-­-Xv.
{Þ- [ m- c - W ky {Xn[m tcJm Be- e mSm ZmN-
£ptjm cm{`p-thmÀa-[y-XÝ
k\-X vI p-a m-c ³ AXn\v {]amWw tNmZn-¨ -t¸mÄ
Pm_men ]dªp:þ inc-Ê n\pw N£p-Ê n\pw ]pcn-I -
§Ä¡pw at[y-bmbn {Xn]p{Þw [cn-¡-Ww.
20. bm f ky {]Yam tcJm km KmÀl- ] Xy
ÝImtcm ctPm `qÀtemIx kzmßm {Inbm-i àn
EtKzZx {]mXx kh\w {]Pm-]-XnÀtZthm tZh-tX-
Xn. bmky ZznXob tcJm km Z£nWm áncp-Imcx
k ¯ z- a - ´ - c o- £ - a - ´ - c mß m tN Ñ m i à nÀ
bPpÀthtZm am[y-µ n-\-k -h\w hnjvWpÀ tZthm
tZh-tXXn bm f ky XrXob tcJm km f lh-
\obm aIm-ck - vXtam ZyuÀ temIx ]c-amßm Úm\-
iànx kma-th` kv{XoXob kh\w alm-tZthm
tZh-tXXn {Xn]p{Þw `kva\m ItcmXn
AImcw `qtem-Iw, kzmßmhv {Inbm-i- àn, EtKzZw {]mXx
- -{´-
kh\w F¶n-h-bpsS {]Xo-I-am-W.v AXnsâ tZhX {]Pm-]-
Xn- bm-Ip-¶p. AXnse ZznXo-b-tcJ Z£n-Wm-án, DImcw kXz-
Kp-Ww, A´-co£ temIw, A´-cm-ßmhv CÑm-i -àn,
bPqÀthZw am[y-µn-\k - -h\w F¶n-h-bpsS {]Xo-I-am-Wv.
AXnsâ tZhX hnjvWp-hm-Ip-¶p. XrXob tcJ Bl-h-\o-
bmán aImcw Xtam KpWw ZyptemIw ]c-am-ßmhv Úm\-
iàn kma-thZw XrXob kh\w F¶n-h-bpsS {]Xo-I-am-
Wv. AXnsâ tZh-X-a-lm-tZ-h\ - m-Ip-¶p. `kvaw sIm­mWv
21. tbm hnZzm³ {_Ò-Nmco Krlo hm\-{]tØm
bXnÀ hm k alm-]m-X-tIm-]-]mX tI`yx ]qtXm
`hXn. k kÀhm³ tZhm³ t[ymtXm `h-Xn. k
kÀthjp XoÀt°jp kv\mtXm `h-Xn, kI-e-cp-
{Z-a-{µ-P]o `h-X n, \ k ]p\-c m-hÀ¯tX \ k
]p\-cm-hÀ¯tX CXn Hmw kZn-Xyp-]-\n-jX- v.
Cu {Xp]p-{Þ-tc-J-IÄ [cn-¡p¶ Úm\n {_Ò-Nm-
cntbm Krl-Øt\m hm\-{]-Øt\m k\ym-kntbm Bcm-
bmepw Ah³ alm-]m-X-I- §-fn \n¶pw D]-]m-X-I-§fnÂ
\n¶pw apà-\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p. Ah³ kI-e-tZ-h- ·m-scbpw
[ym\n-¨-h-\m-Ip-¶p. kÀh-XoÀ°-§-fnepw kv\m\w sNbvX-
h-\mbn Xocp-¶p. Ah³ kÀh-cp-{Z-a-{´-§fpw P]n-¨-h\ - p-
am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah\v ]p\ÀP-·-an-Ã. CXv kXy-amWv F¶v
D]-\n- j¯v
Pm_m-eyp-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

1 Xpco-bm-Xn-tXm-]-\n-j¯v 3
im´n-]mTw 1. AY Xpco-b m-X o-X m-h -[ q-X m\mw tImbw amÀ¤-
Hmw. ]qÀ®-aZx ]qÀ® anZw. ]qÀ®mXv ]qÀ®- kvtXjmw Im ØnXn coXn ]nXm-atlm `K-h´w
ap-Z-N ytXx ]q˨ky ]q˨-am-Zmb ]q˨-tahm ]nX-c-am-Zn-\m-cm-bWw ]cn-k-ta-tXym-hmN Xaml `K-
hin-j y-tX. hm³ \mcm-b tWm tbm f ba-h -[ q-X-amÀ¤tØm
temtI ZpÀe-`X
- tcm \ Xp _mlpteym NtXy tIm
Hmw Cu ]c- {_Òw ]qÀ®-am- Wv. Cu {]]- ©hpw ]qÀ®- `hXn k Gh \nXy ]qXx k Gh sshcmKy
am-W.v ]qÀ®-{_-Ò¯ - n \n¶pw ]qÀ®-{]-]©w D­m-Ip- aqÀ¯n k Gh Úm\m-Imc k Gh thZ ]pcpj
¶p. ]qÀ®- ¯n \n¶v ]qÀ®w FSp-¯mepw ]qÀ®w Ah- CXn Úm\nt\m aXyt´
ti-jn-¡p-¶p.

N P
 470

I alm-]pcptjm bkvX-¨n¯w atbm hmh-Xn-jvTntX Alw ¡p-¶p. Rm³ Ahsâ DÅn ØnXn sN¿p-¶p. Bcw-`-
K
N Xkvan t\m hmh ØnXntkm f bam`u XmhXv {ItaW ¯n IpSo-N-I-\mbn ]ns¶ Ah³ _lp-Z-I-t{i-Wn-bnÂ
IpSo-NtIm _lp-XXzw {]m]y _lq-ZtIm lwk Xza-h- {]th-in-¡p-¶p. AXn \n¶v lwk-\mbpw lwk-\nÂ
ew_y lwkx ]c-a-lwtkm `qXzm kzcq-]m-\p-k-Ôm-t\\ \n¶v ]c-a-lw-k-\mbpw Xocp-¶p. Ah³ Bß-kz-cq-]k - -
kÀh-{]-]©w hnZnXzm ZÞ-I-a-Þep ISn-kq-{X-Iu-]o-\m- Ôm- \-¯m FÃm {]]-©-c- l-ky-§fpw {Kln¨v Zav[w, Ia-
Ñm-Z\w kz hn[ypà {Inbm-ZnIw kÀh-a]vkp kw\yky Þ-ep, ISn-kq{Xw Iu]o-\w, BÑm-Z\ - -hkv{Xw F¶n-h-
ZnKw-_tcm `qXzm hnhÀ®-PoÀ®-h-ev¡em Pn\ ]cn-{K-l- tbmsS bYm-hn[n A\p-jvTn- t¡-­-sXÃmw sNbvXv Ah Pe-
a]n kwXrPy X±pÀ[z a{´ hZm-N-c³ £ucm-`yw-K-kv\m- ¯n-sem-gp-¡p-¶p. ]ns¶ ZnKw-_-c-\mbn PoÀ®n¨ h¡-
t\mÀ[z ]p{Þm-ZnIw hnlmb euInI sshZnI alyp] em-Pn-\-§fpw XyPn¨v kIe hn[n \ntj[ cmln-Xy- t¯msS
kwlrXy kÀh{X ]pWym-]pWy hnhÀPntXm Úm\m- Ign-ªp-Iq-Sp-¶p. £ucw, A`yw-Kw, DuÀ[z, ]p{Þw
Úm-\-a]n hnlmb iotXmjvW kpJZpxJ am\m-h-am\w CsXm¶pw Ah³ ssIs¡m-Åp-¶n-Ã. euInI sshZnI
\nÀPnXy hmk\m {Xb-]qÀhIw \nµm f \nµm-KÀh aÕc IÀ½-§-tfbpw Dt]-£n-¡p-¶p. iotXmjvW kpJZpxJmZn
cw` ZÀ¸ tZzj Ima-t{Im[ tem`-tam-lÀjm-aÀjm kqbm- Nn´-Is - fm¶pw Ah-\n-Ã. hmk\m {Xb-t¯m-sSm¸w \nµ,
ß- kw-c-£- Wm-ZnIw Ziv[zm kz h]pxIpW ]mIm-c-an-h-]-iy- A\n-µ, KÀhw, aÕ-cw, Zw`w-, tZzjw, Imaw, t{Im[w,
\mb tX\m\n bta\ em`m-em`u kau IrXzm tKm ]rXym tem`w, tamlw, lÀjw, AaÀjw, Akqb Bß-kw-c-
{]mW- kw- c- £Ww IqÀh³ bXv {]m]vXw tXss\h \nÀtem- £W `mh-\. Ch-sbÃmw ssIsh-Sn-bp-¶p. em`m-em` Nn´-
ep]x kÀh hnZym-]m-Þ nXy {]]©w `kvan-IrXy kzcq]w bn-Ã. In«p-¶-Xn Xr]vXn-s¸«p {]mW³ \ne-\nÀ¯p-¶p.
tKm]-bnXzm tPyjvTm f tPyjvTXzm \ ]mem-]Ix kÀthmXv \nÀtem-ep-h-\m-bn-cn-¡pw. ]mÞn-Xym-l-¦m-c-an-Ã. kzcq]w
IrjXz kÀhm-ß-IXz ssZzXw Iev]-bnXzm at¯m hyXn- tKm]\w sNbvXv Ign-bp-¶p. kÀthm-XvIr-ãhpw AssZz-X-
cnàx IÝn-¶mt\ym AkvXoXn tZh KplymZn [\ amß- hp-amb cq]s¯ k¦-ev]n-¡p-¶p. Rm³ Xs¶ ]qÀ®
\y] kwlrXy ZpxtJt\m Zznáx kptJ\ \m\ptam ZtIm- {_Ò F¶v Icp-Xp-¶p. ZpxJ¯m ZpxJnXt\m kpJ-¯nÂ
cmtK \nkv]rlx kÀh{X ip`m-ip-`tbm c\-`n-kvt\lx {]lr-jvTt\m BIp-¶nÃ. cmK \nkv]r-l\ - m-bn-cn-¡pw.
kÀth-{µntbm ]cax kz]qÀhm-]¶m {iam-Nm-c-hnZym [À½- Ah³ Xsâ ]qÀh-Po-hn-Xm-{iaw hnZy [À½w {]`mhw
{]- `h a\- \p-kvacw kvXyà hÀ®m-{k- am-Nmcx kÀhZm Znhm- F¶nh kvacn-¡p-I- bn-Ã. ]À®m-{i-am-Nmcw ]cn- Xy-Pn-¡p- ¶p.
\à ka-tXz-\m- kz]v\x kÀhZmf \q·t¯m _mtem ·¯v Ah\v cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw Xpey-am-W.v kZm k©-cn-¨p-sIm-
]nim-Nh tZImIo k©-c-\m-kw-`m-jW ]cx kzcq-]-[ym- ­n-cn-¡pw. Pe-\m-Ø-ehpw Ah\v Ia-Þ-ep-hnsâ {]tbm-
t\\ \ncm-ew_ ah-ew_y kzmß \njvTm- \p-Iq-te\ kÀhw P\w \ÂIp- ¶p. D·m- Z-an- Ã. ]pdsa _mes\ t]msetbm D·-
hnkvarXy Xpco-bm-XoXm h[qX thtjWm ssZzX \njvTm- ¯-s\-t¸m-se-tbm, ]nim-Nn-s\-t¸m-setbm `mhn¨v GIm-In-
]c {]W-hm-ß- I-tXz\ tZl-XymKw ItcmXn bx tkmh-[qX bmbn Pohn-¡p-¶p. BtcmSpw kwkm-cn-¡p- ¶n-Ã. kZm kzcq-
k IrX- IrtXym `hXo Xyp]-\n-j-Xv. ]-[ym-\-\n-c-X- \m-bn-cn-¡pw. \ncm-ew-_s¯ Ah-ew-_- am¡n
Bß-\n-jvT-sbm-gnsI asäÃm hn[ [ym\-s¯bpw ]cn-Xy-
]nXm-a-l-\mb {_Òmhv kzhn-Xm-hmb `K-hm³ \mcm-
Pn-¡p-¶p. C{]-Im-c-apÅ Xpco-bm-XoX thj-[mcn Ft¸mgpw
b-Wsâ ASp-s¯¯n C§s\ ]dªp: Xpco-bm-h-[q- Xsâ
AssZz-X- \njvTm ]c-\m-bn-cn-¡pw. Ah³ {]mW-hm-ß-I-Xz-
amÀ¤-sa-´mWv? Ahsâ ØnXn F´v? AXp-tI«v `K-hm³
¯m tZlw shSn-bp-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ Ah-[q-X³ IrX-
\mcm-b-W³ ]d- ªp. Ah-[q-X-amÀ¤-Nm-cn-IÄ Npcp-¡- am-Wv.
Ir-Xy-\m-W.v F¶v D]-\n-j¯v hyà-am-¡p-¶p.
A§s\ Hcm-sf-¦n-ep-ap-­m-bm AbmÄ \nXy-ip-²\pw
sshcm-Ky- a-Xnbpw Úm\m-Im- chpw thZ-]p-cp-j\pw BIpw. Xpco-bm-Xo-tXm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
A§-s\-bpÅ alm-]p-cp-j· - mÀ Nn¯w F¶n kaÀ¸n-

1 Xpf-kyp-]-\n-j¯v 3

AYXpkyp]\njZw hymJymkymax \mcZx ap[m _oPw hkpZmiànx \mcmbWxIenIw

Ejnx AYÀhmKncx ѵx AarXm Xpfko tZhXm iymaw iymah]pÀ[mw EIv kzcq]mw bKpÀa\mw
N P
 471

I {_ÒmÀ°\ {]mWmw Iev]IkvXmw ]pcmW] AXpteXzXpembmw ln I K

TnXmw AartXmÛhw AarXck aÚcow A\ lcncmtImkvX n \m\yYm I
´mw A\´ckt`mKZmw sshjvWhow hnjvWp
Xz tah PKXmw [m{Xo I
h Ã`mw ar Xy p P · \n_ À lnW ow ZÀ i \ mX v
]m]\mio\mw kv]Ài\mXv ]mhXnw A`nhµ Xz tah hnjvWphÃ`m I
\mXv tcmK\min\ow tkh\arXyp\min\ow Xz tah kpckwtkhym I
sshIpWv T mÀ¨\mZv hnhZv l {´ow `£WmXv Xz tah tam£ Zmbn\o I
hmbp\{]Zmw {]mZ£nWymXv Zmcn{Z \min\ow XzÑbmbmw htkão I
tkh\m arXyq\min\ow sshIpWTmˬ\mZv
kvXh·qte hnjvWp caybx I
hnhXvl{´ow `£WmXv hmbp\{]Zmw {]mZ£n
WymXv Zmcn{Z \min\ow aqetÃ]\mXv ]m]` ka´m t±hXmx kÀhm I
Rv P n\ow {LmWXÀ¸WmZ\´ae\min\ow b kn²NmcW]¶Km I
Ghw thZ k sshjv W thm `hXn hrYm \ b·qte kÀh XoÀ°m\n I
OnµymXv, ZrjvSzm {]Z£nWw IpcymXv bmw \ b·t²y {_Ò tZhXm
kv]rtiXv ]ÀhWn \ hnNnt\zXv bZn hnNn·Xn
k hnjvWp l `hXn {io Xpfssky hnZv atl £ockap{Z¯nsâ I\yIbmb Xpfko, \o AarX
hnjv W p{]nbmssb [oaln Xt¶m AarXmw kzcq]bmIp¶p. AXn\m \ns¶ "AarX' F¶v
{]tNmZbmXv. hnfn¡p¶p. \o AarXZmbn\nbmWv. \o Fs¶ Cu
k wk mck mKc¯ n \n¶ v D ²cn¡ pI. e£ v ao
C\n Xpfkn D]\nj¯v ]cnNn´\ hnjbam¡mw tZhnbpsS tXmgnbmWv \o. B\µabnbmWv, hnjvWp
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hnsâ {]nbbmWv. F\n¡v hcacpfpI. A`bap{Zmew
AarX XpfknbmWv tZhX kp[ _oPw . hkp[miàn.
IrXamb lkvXw tNÀ¶ \o Ir]mZrjvS ntbmsS Fsâ
\mcmbW³ IoeIw. IrjvWhÀ®bpw IrjvWicocnWn
t\sc t\m¡pI. sNdpXmsW¦nepw \o hr£w Xs¶.
bpw EtKzZ kzcq]bpw bÖpÀthZNn¯mßIbpw
Fsâ AÚm\aIddn Fs¶ Im¡pI \o Pcm lo\
AYÀhthZ{]mWbpw thZmwKlkvXbpw AartXmev]
bmWv. H¶nt\mSpw \n¶s\ D]an¡m\mhpIbnÃ.
¶bpw AarXckaRvPco kzcq]bpw A\´ kpJ{]
Xpe\mlot\, `Khm³ hnjvWpam{Xta \n\¡v kam\X
Zbpw sshjvWhnbpamb Xpfkn hnjvWp{]nbbmIp¶p.
hln¡p¶pffp. \o hnjv W phnsâ {]nbXabmWv .
P\\acW\min\nbmWv, ImWp¶Xp sIm­v Xs¶
tZhXIÄ apJm´ncw F\n¡v awKfhpw tam£hp
]m]w \in¸n¡p¶p. \an¨m tcmKia\w D­m¡p¶
wAcpfm³ \o iàbmWv. alm e£van \nsâ OmbbnÂ
XmWv. tkh\¯m arXyp`bw AIäp¶p. hnjvWp
Ignbp¶p. \nsâ thcv `Khm³ hnjvW phnsâ \nhmk
]qP¡p]tbmKn¨m B]¯pIfIäp¶p, {]mWiàn
Øm\amWv. Xpfknt¨m«n kIe tZh·mcpw kn²
\ÂIp¶p. {]Z£nW¯m Zmcn{ZyaIäp¶p. hmk\n
·mcpw NmcW·mcpw \mK§fpw Ignbp¶p.kIe XoÀ°
¡p¶Xp sIm­v ZpÀKÔaIäp¶p. C§s\ Adnªv
§fpw Xpfkn¨ph«n hncmPn¡p¶p.XpfknbpsS a[y
Xpfknsb Bcm[n¡p¶h³ hnjvWp`à·mcmbn¯ocp
`mK¯v {_Òmhv DÄs¡mffp¶p.
¶p. AXv shdpsX Adp¡cpXv. Adp¯m Ah³
hnjvWp `Khm\v {]nbs¸«hfmIp¶p, AarX kzcq] bZt{KthZ imkv{XmWn I
bmWv. AXns\ \akv¡cn¡pI. Cu hnjWp{]nbbmb Xpfkn Xzmw \amaylw I
Xpfknsb \mw [ym\n¡p¶p. AXn `àn hln¡p¶p. Xpfko {io kJo, ipt` I
A arX k zcq]bmb A X v A arXXz¯ n\v \s½
]m]lmcnWo, ]pWytZ I
t{]cn¸n¡p¶p.
\akvtX \mcZipI I
AartX AarX cq]mkn I
hymkmZnap\n hµntX I
AarXz {]Zmbn\ow I
{_Òm\µ {]tZ, tZhn I
Xzm amap²c kwkmcmcmXv I
hrµmh\\nhmkn\n I
£oc kmKc I\ytI I
kÀhmhbhk¼qÀt® I
{io kJn Xzw kZm\t´ I
AartXm]\nj{Ztk I
apInµky kZm {]ntb I
Xzw amap²c IeymWn I
hcZm`b lkvXm`yw I
alm]m]mZ_v[oZpkvXcmXv I
kZm aZKeyZmbntI I
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 472

I kÀthjma]n]m]m\mw I alm]m]amIp¶ kap{Z¯nÂ\n¶v A¡sc IS¯pI.

K
{]mbÝn¯wXztah ln I kIe ]m]¯n\pw {]mbÝn¯w \obmWv tZhEjn
]nXr{]nbbmWv.\o Xpfkn IpSmsX bpff {im²w
tZhm\mw N EjoWmw I
shdpsXbmWv Xpfkn IqSmXbpff ]qP hnjvWphn\v
N ]nXrWmw Xzw kZm {]ntb I H«pw {]nbamIbnÃ. bÚw, Zm\w, X]Êv,XoÀ°w,{im²w
hn\m]n Xpfkn hn{]mx I tZhXm]qP\pw XÀ¸Ww amÀP\w aäp [mÀ½nI IrXy-
tb]n {im²w {]IpÀhtX I §Ä kÀhhpw XpfkntbmSp IqSmsXsb¦n \njv^-
hrYm `hXnXv {im²w I eamIp¶p. Xpfkname CÑnX^ew \ÂIp¶XmWv. Cu
XXzw Adnbm¯ {_ÒW³ NWvU mfs\¡mÄ \o-
]nXrWmw t\m]bÑXn I
N\mIp¶p.
Xpfkn ]{XapÕrPy I
CXyml `Khm³ {_ÒmWw \mcmbWx
bZn ]qPmItcmXnbx I
{_ Ò m \ mc Z k \ I m`n`y x k \ I mZ mtbm
Bkpcokm`thXv]qPm I th Zh ymkmb, th Zh ymkx ip Imb, i ptIm
hnjvWp {]oXoIco \ N I h matZ h mb, h ma tZ th m ap \ n`y x ap \ tbm
bÚw Zm\w C]w XoÀ°w I a\ptjy`yx t{]mNpx Ghw thZ kx kv { Xol
{im²mZyw tZhXm¨\w I Xymbmx {]apNytX k alm`bmXv {]apNytX k
hoclXymbm {]apNytX k {_ÒlXymbm
XÀ¸Ww amÀP\ Nm\y I {] ap N y tX k al m`bmX v {] ap N y tX k
¶ IpcymXv Xpfkow hn\m I almZpxJXv {]apNytX tZlmt´ sshIpWv T
Xpfko ZmcpaWn`nx I tahm]vt\mXn CXyp]\njXv
P]xkÀhmÀ°km[I I CsXÃmw `Khm³ \mcmbW³ {_Òmhnt\mSpw
Ghw \ thZb IÝnXv I {_Òmhv \mcZk\ImZnIÄ¡pw k\ImZnIÄ thZhym
k hn{]x izbNm[ax I k\pw thZhymk³ ipI³ hmatZh\pw hmatZh³
ipI³ hmatZh\pw hmatZh³ ap\nIÄ¡pw ap\nIÄ
bmsXm¶nsâ A{`mK¯n thZimkv{Xw \nesIm- a\pjyÀ¡pw ]dªp sImSp¯XmWv. CXv Adnbp¶h³
ffp¶p,B Xpfknsb Rm³ {]Wan¡p¶p. tl Xpfkn, kv{XolXybn \n¶pw hoclXybn \n¶pw {_ÒlXy
\o e£vanbpsS kJnbpw IeymWabnbpw ]m]l{´nbpw bn \n¶pw alm`bw almZpxJw apXembhbn \n¶pw
]pWyZm{XnbpamWv. hnjvWp{]nbbpw \mcZmcm[nXbpw apà \mb n `hn¡ p¶p. acWtij w ss hIpWv T
Bb \o {_Òmhnsâ B\µm{iphn \n¶p­mbhfmWv {]m]vXn¡v AÀlcpambn¯ocp¶p.
hrµmh\hmknbmb \okwÀhmwK[mcnWnbmWv. Fs¶
Xpfkyp]\nj¯v kam]n¨p.

1 {XninJn{_m- Ò - t Wm- ] - \ n- j ¯v
3

im´n]mTw
Hmw ] qÀ ® aZ x ] qÀ ® anZ w. ] qÀ ®mX v
]q˨apZNytX. ]q˨ky]q˨amZmb ]q˨
tahmhinjytX. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
B ]c{_Òw ]qÀ®amWv Cu Imcy{_Òhpw
]qÀ®amWv. ]qÀ®¯n \n¶pw ]qÀ®ap­mIp¶p.
]qÀ®¯n \n¶pw ]qÀ®w FSp¯mepw ]qÀ®w Xs¶
Ahtijn¡p¶p. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx im´nx
1. {XninJn {_mÒWx BZnXytemIw PKma.
XwKtXzm hmNþ""`Khm³, Inw tZlx Inw {]mWx,
Inw ImcWw, Inw Bßm CXn.

N P
 473
I 2. ktlmhmNþkÀhanZw inh Gh hnPm\o ln
In´p \nXyipt²m \ncÚt\m hn`pcZzbx inh
GIx tkz\ `mtkZw kÀhw arjvSym X]vXmbx
]nWv U htZIw `n\\hZh`mktX. XZv `mkIw
InanXn tNZpNyptX kÑ_v Z hmNyw AhnZym
i_fw{_Ò.
3. {_ÒtWmhyàw, Ahyàm·lXv, altXmlw
Imcx Al¦mcmXv ]©X·m{XmWn ]©X·m
{X`yx ]© alm`qXm\n ]©alm`qtX t`ym
Jnew PKXv.
4. XZJnew ImanXn. `qX hnImc hn`mKmZncnXn.
GIkvan³ ]nWvtU IYw `qXhnImchn`mK CXn.
X¯Xv Imtcy ImcW t`Z cqt]Wmwi XXz
hmNI hmNyØm\t`ZhnjbtZhXm tImi t`Z
hn`mKm `h´n.
5. AYmImix A´xIcWat\m_p²n Nn¯mlw
Imcmx hmbp kamt\mZm\hym\m]m\ {]mWmx
hÓnx t{im{XXzIvN£pÀPnlzm {LmWm\n. B]x
i_vZ kv]Àicq]ckKÔmx ]rYnho hmIv ]mWn
]mZ ]mbq]Ømx
BZnXy temI¯p sN¶v {XninJn {_mÒW³
`Khm³ BZnXyt\mSv tNmZn¨p:þ"`Khms\, tZlw
F´mWv? {]mW³ F´mWv? ImcWw F´mWv? Bßmhv
F´mWv? AXptI«v BZnXy³ ]dªpxþ""CsXÃmw inha-
bamWv. inh³ Xs¶bmWv ip²\pw \nXy\pw \ncRvP-
\pw hn`phpw. AZzb\mb inh³ Xsâ GIam{X {]Imi-
¯m FÃmw I­v Np« teml]nWvUs¯t¸mse H¶n-
s\¯s¶ At\I cq]§fn {]Imin¸n¡p¶p. C§s\
{]Imin¡p¶sXs´¶p tNmZn¨m AhnZymbpàamb
{_ÒamsW¶v ]dbmw. AXv kXv i_vZ¯nsâ hmbp-
hmWv. {_Ò¯n \n¶v Ahyàhpw al¯n \n¶v
A¦mchpw, Al¦mc¯n \n¶pw A©v X·m{XIfpw,
A©v X·m{XIfn \n¶pw ]©alm`qX§fpw,
]©alm`qX§fn \n¶pw kavX PK¯pw D­mIp¶p.
F´mWv Cu k¼qÀ®sa¶p ]dbp¶Xv? CXv `qX-
§fpsS hnImc¯n \n¶pw D¸¶amIp¶XmWv.
`qX§fpsS hnImc¯m Htc ]nWvU¯nsâ hn`mKw
F§s\bmWv kw`hn¡ps¶X¶m hn`n¶§fmb B
`qX§fpsS ImcyImcW t`Z¯m Awi XXzw,
hmNIhmNyw Øm\t`Zw, hnjbw, tZhXm tImiw F¶o
hn`mK§Ä D­mIp¶p. A´xIcWw a\Êv , _p²n,
Al¦mcw, Nn¯w Ch ]©tImi§fmWv. kam\³
DZm\³, hym\³ A]m\³ {]mW³ Ch A©v hmbp
¡fmWv. t{imXw Xz¡v Pnlz {LmWw Ch AánbnÂ
\n¶pw i_vZw kv]Àiw cq]w ckw KÔw Ch A©p
Pe¯n \n¶pw D­mbXmWv. hmWn, lkvX w, ]mZw,
KpZw D]Øw Ch ]rYznbn \n¶pw D­mbhbmIp¶p.
N P
6. Úm\ k¦ev] \nÝbm\p kÔm\m`nam\x K
BImi Imcym´x IcW hnjbmx kaoIctWm
¶b\ {KlW {ihW Ñzmkm hmbp Imcy{]m
WmZn hnjbmx i_vZ kv]Ài cq] ck KÔmx
Aá n I mc yÚ mt\{µ hnj tbj v T {L mW
X·m{X hnjbm A´À `qXm at\m _p²ymÝn¯
lwImcu Nm´À `qXm.
7. AhImi hn[qX ZÀiu ]nWvU oIcW
[mcWmx
kq£va Xam ssPhX·m{X hnjbmx
8. Ghw ZzmZimw Km\n B[ymßnIm\n B[n
`uXnIm\ n B [nss ZhnIm\n A{X\nimIc
NXpÀapJZn izmXmÀ¡ hcpWmizáot{µm t]{µ
{]Pm]Xnbam CXy[n tZhXm cpss]À ZzmZi\m
Uy´w {]hr¯mx {]mWm GhmwKm\n AwKÚm
\w XtZhÚmtXXn.
BImis¯ kw_Ôn¡p¶ Imcy§fpw A´x
IcW hnj b§ fpw Ú m\w k ¦ev ] w \nÝbw
A\pkÔm\w A`nam\w ChbmWv kaoIcWw, t\{X
§fpsS \naoet\m·oe\w, {KlWw, {ihWw DÑzk\w
Ch hmbphns\ kw_Ôn¡p¶ Imcy§fpw Úmt\
{µnb hnjb§fmIp¶p. kwkmcw, Zm\w, Ka\w,
hnkÀÖ\w, B\µw, Ch ]rYznsb kw_Ôn¡p-
¶hbmWv. Úmt\{µnb§fpsSbpw IÀt½{µnb§fp-
sSbpw hnjb¯n {]mWsâbpw X·m{XIfpsSbpw
hnjb§fpw A´À`hn¨ncn¡p¶p. amÀP\ ZÀi\
[mcWIÄ kq£va X·m{XIfpsS hnjb§fmWv.
B[ymßnI w B[n`uXoIw B[nssZhnIw, F¶o aq¶p
`mK§fnembn ]{´­v AwK§fp­v. Chbn N{µ³,
{_Òmhv, Zn¡pIÄ, hmbp, kqcy³, hcpW³, Aiz\oIp-
amc·mÀ Aán, C{µ³ Dt]{µ³ {]Pm]Xn ba³þ' F¶o
]{´­v C{µnb§fpsSbpw A[n tZhXIfpsS cq]¯nÂ
]{´­v \mUnIfn ØnXnsN¿p¶p. Ch {]mW³
Xs¶. Ahbh§fpsS Úm\cq]w Xs¶ ÚmXmhmbn
Adnbs¸Sp¶p.
9. A Y th y ma m\ ne m\ e P e ¶ m\ mw ] © o
IcWanXn ÚmXrXzw kam\tbmtK\ t{im{X
Zzmcm i_vZ KptWm hmKv [ njv T nXm BImti
XnjvT Xn BImiXnjvT Xn. at\mhym\tbmtK\
XzKv Zzmcm kv]Ài KpWx ]mWy[njvTnXx hmbu
XnjTXn hmbpkvX njTXn _p²ncpZm\tbmK\
NXp£pÀ Zzmcmcq]KpWx ]KpWx XnjvT Xyán
kv X njvT Xn Nn¯a]m\tbmtK\ Pn^zm Zzmcm
ckKpW. D]Øm[njvTntXm A]vkpXnjvTn B]
kvXjvT´n. AlwImcx {]mWtbmtK\x {LmW
Zzmcm KÔ KptWmKpZm[njvTnXx ]rYznhymwXn
jvTXn ]rYznho XnjvTXn b Ghw thZ.
 474

I BImiw, hmbp, Aán, Pew, A¶w, F¶nhbpsS 7. Akypat²y kvXn lrZbw k\mew ]ZvatIm K
]©oIcWw Cu coXnbnemWv. kam\hmbphnsâ kw- iaXv
tbmK¯m Úm\w e`n¡p¶p. t{im{X¯m i_vZw kXzm´À hÀ¯nt\m
{Kln¡s¸Sp¶p. i_vZw BImim[njvTnXamWv. hym\
tZhmx IÀ{Xl¦mc tNX\x
hmbphnsâ kwtbmK¯m a\Êv Xz¡p aptJ\ kv]Àiw
Adnbp¶p. _p²n DZm\\pambn tNÀ¶v N£pÊn\mÂ
]Zm[njvTntXm áu
cq]§Ä {Kln¡p¶p. Nn¯w A]m\ \pamb tbK¯m 8. Aky _oPw Xax ]nWvUhw tamlcq]w PUw
\m¡p aptJ\ ckw {Kln¡p¶p. D]Øw Pehpambn [\w
tNÀ¶v AXnsâ IrXyw \nÀhln ¡p¶p. {]mWhmbphnsâ hÀ¯tX IWvT am{inXy an{inXy an{io`q
kwtbmK¯m Al¦mcw AXnsâ {]hÀ¯\w \S XanZwPKXv
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Ass{XtX tÇmIm `h´n. A´ iàn kwbptàm PK{Zqt]W `mktX
1. ]rYKv `qtX tjmUiIemx kzmÀ°t`mKm³ 10. kÀh{XhÀ¯tX Pm{KXv kz]v\w Pm{KXn
]cm{IamXv. A´x IcW hym\m£n ck]mbp hÀ¯tX.
\`x{IamXv. kpjp]vXw N Xpcobw N \m\yhØmkp
2. apJymXv ]qÀthm¯sscÀ`mssKÀ `qtX `qtX Ip{XNnXv.
NXpÝXpx ]qÀhamImiam{inXy ]rYnhymZnjp [mXp kwtbmK¯m NnebnS¯v ]nWvU§fp­m
kwØnXmx Ip¶p. \m`nØm\¯mWv A¶ab ]nWvU w. AXnsâ
3. apJymZqÀt[z]cm³tÚbm \ ]cm\p¯ a[y¯n \mfbpà]©tImi kZriamb lrZbw
cm³ hnZpx ØnXnsN¿p¶p. AXn¶pffn IÀ¯r·ml¦mcapff
Ghawtim`y`q¯kva mt¯`ymÝmw tZh·mÀ hkn¡p¶p. tamlmßIamb XtamKpW
timly `q¯Ym ]nWv U w FÃmbnS¯pw hym]n¨ncn¡p¶p. B\µ
4. XkvamZt\ym\yam{inXy tlymXw cq]nbmb Hmtcm Bßmhpw ]ca]Zamb aqÀ[mhnsâ
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 476
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Nn\am{Xm cq]amWv F¶ `mh\bmWv [ym\w. [ym\w
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 477
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 478
I \m`nbmWv. CXn ]{´­v Ac§fpff N{Iap­v.
AXn hnjvWp XpS§nb tZh·mcpsS cq]§Äv ImWmw.
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61. {]mWm[ncqVÝcXn PohkvtX\hn\m \ln
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63. ]cnXx Iµ ]mÀtiz Xp \ncpss²hykZm
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65. A]m\m±zw KpemZqÀ[zat[m ta{Vky
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AXp IqSmsX km[yaÃ. AXn\p apIfn IpWvUen
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cq]Iw F«p hn[w IpWvUeoIrXambn Ipµs¯ Bh
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fpsS k©mcw XSp¡p¶p. {_Òc{Ô¯nsâ apJs¯
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IpWvUen\oiàn hmbphn\m DWÀ¯s¸« Xo t]mse
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kp{]Xnjv T nXm
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{]mWm]m\ kwbpàamb kpjpav\m \mUn tZl¯nÂ
\mep hn[¯nep­v. Iµ¯nsâ a[y`mK¯pff kpjv\
Xmac\q t]mse AXn kq£v a amWv. AXv t\sc
apIfntem«v t]mIp¶p. _Òc{Ôw hsc t]mIp¶ Cu
sshjvWho {_Ò\mUn an¶Â t]mse {]ImiapffXpw
\nÀhmW`hpamWv . AXnsâ c­p hi¯pw CUm
]nwKem \mUnIfmWv. CU Iµ¯n \n¶pw ]pds¸«v
CSs¯ aq¡p hsc t]mbncn¡p¶p. ]nwKe hes¯
aq¡phscbpw t]mbncn¡p¶p. ]nwKe hes¯ aq¡ph
scbpw KmÔmclkvXn Pnlz Chbpw IqSmsX c­p
\mUnIfpw AhnsSbp­v . I®phsc Ah \o­p
InS¡p¶p. ]qjmbikzn\n Cu \mUnIÄ KpZ aqe¯nÂ
\n¶pw ]pds¸«v CSs¯bpw hes¯bpw sNhn hsc
t]mbncn¡p¶p. Aew_pk F¶ \mUn ta{V Øm\
¯nsâ Ahkm\w hscbmWv.
73. ]mZmwKpjvTmh[nx IµmZt[m bmXm
N IuinIo
Zi{]Imc`qXmkvXmx IYnXm Iµ kw`hmx
74. X·qemx _lthm \mUyx Øqe kq£vamÝ
\mUnImx
Zznk]vXXn kl{kmWn Øqemx kq£vamÝ
\mUbx
75. kwJymXpw ss\h iIyt´ Øqeaqem
]rYKzn[mx
bYmiz°Ztf kq£vamx ØqbmÝ
hnXXm kvXYm
76. {]mWm ]m\u kam\Ý DZmt\ hym\
Gh N
\mKx IqÀ½Ý IrItcm tZhZt¯m
[\Úbx
77. Nc´n Zi\mUojp Zi{]mWmZn hmbhx
{]mWmZn]©Iw tXjp {][m\w X{X N Zzbw
 479
I 78. {]mW GhmYhmtPyjvtTm Pohmßm\w
hn`À¯nxbx
Bky\mknItbmÀa[yw lrZbw \m`n
aWvUew
79. ]mZmw KpjvTanXn {]mW Øm\m\n ZznP
k¯a
A]m\ÝcXn {_Ò³ KpZvta{Vmcp Pm\pjp
80. kam\x kÀhkÔnØx ]mZtbmÀ
lkvX tbmc]n.
IuinIn F¶ \mUn Iµ¯n \n¶pw Imensâ
Xffhnc hsc t]mbn«p­v . C§s\ Cu \mUnIÄ
Iµ¯n \n¶v ]pds¸«hsb¶v ]dbs¸Sp¶p. IqSmsX
Gsd kq£va \mUnIÄ D­v. AhbpsS kwJy Fgp
]¯n Cucmbncw hcpw. hepXpw sNdpXpamb Ch
F{Xsb¶v ]dbpI {]bmkw. Acbmen Rc¼pIÄ
t]mse Ah icoc¯n hym]n¨ncn¡p¶p. {]mW³,
A]m\³, kam\³, DZm\³, hy\³, \mKw, IqÀ½w,
IrIcw, tZhX¯w, [\Úbw F¶o ]¯p hmbp¡fpw
\mUnIfn IqSn k©cn¡p¶p. Chbn {]mW³
XpS§nb As©®amWv {][m\w. Asæn {]mW³,
A]m\³ Cu cs­®w apJyamWv. Poh[mcWamb
{]mW\mWv apJyw, {_mÒW t{ijvTm, {]mWsâ apJy
kvYm\§fn A©mWvþapJw,\mknIbpsS a[y`mKw,
lrZbw, \m`naWvU ew, Imense XffhncÂ; A]m\³
KpZw, ta{Vw, XpS, ap«v F¶nhbn k©cn¡p¶p. kam
\³ k ÀhmwK§fnepw hy]n¨ncn¡p¶p. DZm\³
ssIImepIfnepw FÃm kÔnØm\§fnepw BWv.
81. hym\x t{imt{XmcpISymw N Kpev^ kvIµ
Ktfjp N
\mKmZn hmbhx ]©XzKØymZnjp
kwØnXmx
82. XpµØPea¶w N ckmZo\n kaoIrXw
Xpµa[yKXx {]mWkvX m\n IpcymXv
]rYIv ]rYIv
83. CXyZn tNjv S\w {]mWx ItcmXn N ]rYIv
kwØnXw
A]m\hmbpÀ ap{XmtZxItcmXn N hnkÀP\w
84. {]mWm]m\mZn tNjvSmZn {InbtX hym\hm
bp\m
DÖoctX icocØapZmt\\ \`kzXm
85. t]mjWmZnicocky \mKxIqÀt½m£mZn
\naoen\x
hym\hmbp, sNhn, IW¦mÂ, Ac, D¸qän, tXmÄ,
Igp¯v F¶nhbnepw \mKmZnIfmb A©p hmbp¡Ä
Xz¡nepw AØn apXembhbnepw ØnXnsN¿p¶p.
Bamib¯nse Pew, A¶w, ckw apXembhsb
N P
{]mWhmbp {]tXyIambn AXp ØnXnsN¿p¶p. ae K
aq{X hnkÀP\ Imcy§Ä A]m\³ sN¿p¶p. hym\
sktbmKt¯msSbmWv {]mWm]m\§Ä {]hÀ¯n
¡p¶Xv. icocØamb DZm\³ DuÀ[zKmanbmWv .
icoct]mjWw AXp aptJ\bmWv. G¼¡w apXembh
\mKw F¶ hmbphn\m \S¡p¶p. IqÀ½¯nsâ
{]hÀ¯nbmWv I®pIÄ Xpd¡p¶Xpw ASbv¡p¶Xpw.
86. IrIcx £p[tbmxIÀ¯mZt¯m \n{ZmZn
IÀ½IrXv
arXK{Xky tim`mtZÀ [\RvPb DZmlrXx
87. \mUot`Zw acpXvt`Zw acpXmw Øm\tah N
tNjvSmNhnhn[mkvtXjmw ÚmssXzhw ZznP
k¯a
88. ip²ubtX \mUo\mw ]qÀthmà Úm\
kwbpàx
hnhnàw tZiamkmZy kÀhkw_Ô
hÀPnXx
89. tbmKmwK {Zhyk¼qÀ®w X{XZmcpatb ipt`
Bkt\ Iev]ntX ZÀ` IpiIrjvWmPn
\mZn`nx
90. XmhZmk\aptÕt[ XmhZvZzbkamb tX
D]hniymk\w kayIv kzkvXnImZn
bYm cpNn
IrIchmbp hni¸p­m¡p¶p. tZhZ¯w \n{ZmZnIÄ
[\Úbsâ IrXyamWv {_mÒWhcy, \mZnIfpsSbpw
hmbp¡fpsSbpw {]mW§fpsSbpw Ø m\§ fpw
{InbIfpw hnhn[ coXnbnemWv. Ah a\Ênem¡Ww.
hn[n{]Imcw \mUnIÄ ip²oIcn¨v _豈 shSnªv
GIm´ Øm\¯v tbmK[\bv¡p ]änb km[\§fpw
acw sIm­pff IpSnenÂ, ZÀ`Ipi, am³ tXm sIm­p
ff Bk\w Chbpw Xbmdm¡Ww. AwK§Ä kam\§
fmIp¶Xphsc Bk\ [mcW sN¿Ww. kzkvX nI
XpS§nb Bk\§Ä cpNn¡\pkcn¨v sN¿pIbpw
thWw.
91. _[zm {]mKmk\w hnt{]m EÖpImbx
kamlnXx
\mkm{K\ykvX\bt\m Zss´ÀZ´m\
kwk]ri³
92. ck\mw Xmeq\n\ky kzØNnt¯m
\ncmabx
BIp©nXincx InwNn¶n_v[³tbmKap{Zbm
93. lkvX u btYmàhn[n\m {]mWmbmaw
kamNtcXv
tcN\w ]qcWw hmtbm tim[\w tcN\w
XYm
 480
I 94. NXpÀ`nx t¢i\w htbmx {]mWmbma
DZocytX
lkvtX\ Z£ntWss\h ]oUtb¶mko Im
]pSw.
95. iss\x iss\cY _lnx {]£nt]Zv
]nwKem\ne
CUbm hmbpam]qcy {_Ò³ tjmUi
am{Xbm
96. ]qcnXwIpw`tbXv ]ÝmXvN Xpx jjvSymXp
am{Xbm
Zzm{Xniw³ am{Xbm kayIv tcNtbXv
]nwKem\new.
BZyw Bk\¯nencp¶v icocw t\scbm¡n
\mkm{K¯n ZrjvSnbpd¸n¨v ]ÃpIÄ X½n kv]À
in¡msX \m¡v A®m¡n sXmSp¯n kzØa\Êmbn
incÊv Ip\n¨v tbmKap{Zbn ssIIv _Ôn¨v hn[n
t]mse {]mWmbmaw sN¿Ww. tcNIw ]qcIw hmbp
kwtim[\w tcNIw F¶nh sN¿Ww. C§s\ \mep
{]Imc¯n hmbphns\ Nen¸n¡p¶XmWv {]mWmbmaw.
he¯p ssIbm \mkm]pcpw AaÀ¯n, CSs¯
aq¡n IqSn hmbphns\ Dffnte¡v hnSWw. ]ns¶
]Xn\mdp am{XsIm­v hmbp Dffnte¡v hen¨v Adp]-
¯n\mep am{Xbn Ipw`Iw sNbvX v ap¸¯n c­p
am{XsIm­p hmbphns\ ]nwKe \mUn aptJ\ shfnbn
te¡v hnSWw.
97. Ghw ]p\x ]p\x Imcyw hymXv {Iaym\p
{ItaW Xp
k¼qÀ®Ipw`ht±lw Ipw`tb·mXcniz \m
98. ]qcWm¶mUbxkÀhmx ]qcbt´ amXcniv
iz\m
Ghw IrtX kXn {_Òi Nc´n Zi hmbvhx
99. lrZbmw t`mcplw Nm]n hymtImNw `hXn
kv^ pSw
X{X ]tiyXv ]cmßm\mw hmkptZha
Ieva jw.
100. {]mXÀ a[yµnt\kmba²cmt{X N Ipw `b³
iss\ cioXn ]cy´w NXpÀ hmcw kat`yXv
Cu hn[¯n ho­pw ho­pw {IaamIpw hn]coX
{Ia¯nepw A`ykn¡pIbpw Dffn \ndªp \n¡p¶
hmbphns\ IpSw t]mse \ntcm[n¡pIbpw thWw,
AXpaqew kIe \mUnIfpw hmbphm \ndªvAhbn-
eqsSbpff hmbp k©mcw {Iam\pKXamIpw. lrZbIaew
hnIkn¡pw. `Khm³ hmkptZhsâ ZÀi\w e`n¡pIbpw
sN¿pw.Cu hn[nbn Ime¯pw \«p¨bv¡pw sshIpt¶
chpw AÀ² cm{Xnbnepw \mep XhW Ipw`Iw sNbvXv
AXv {ItaW F¬]Xv am{Xhsc F¯n¡Ww.
N P
101. GImlam{Xw IpÀhmWw. kÀh]mss] K
{]apNytX
kwhÕc{Xbm ZqÀ[zw {]mWmban ]tcm \cx
102. tbmK knt²m `thtZymKo hmbp PnZznPn
tX{µnbx
Aev] mio kzev] \n{ZÝ tXPkzo _ehm³
`thXv
103. AarXypaXn {Iay ZoÀLambpw hm]v\pbmXv
{]tkzZP\\w bky {]mWmbm akvXp tkm
[À½x
104. I¼\w ]pcptjm bky {]mWmbmta jp
a[yax
D°m\w h]ptjm bky k D¯a DZmlrXx
105. A[ta hym[n]m]m\mw \mix kym·[yta
]p\x
]m] tcmK almhym[n \mix kymZp¯ta
]p\x
106. Aev] aqt{Xm ev]hnjwjÝeLptZtlm
anXmi\x
]Szn{µnbx ]SpaXnx Ime{Xb hnZmßhm³.
Cu hn[nb\pkcn¨v Hcp Znhkw A`ykn¨m Xs¶
kIe ]m]§fn \n¶pw tamN\w In«pw. aq¶p hÀjw
C§s\ {]mWmbmaw sN¿p¶h³ tbmKkn²\mIpw.
tbmKn hmbphns\ Pbn¨h\pw PntX{µnb\pw Aev ]m-
lmcnbpw Aev] \n{Zbpffh\pw tXPkznbpw _ehm\p
amIp¶p. AIme acW`bw XoÀ¶v ZoÀLmbpjva m
\mIp¶ {]mWmbmaw sN¿pt¼mÄ hnbÀ¸p­mIp¶Xv
A[aamWv. icoc¯n\v hndbp­mIp¶Xv a[yaw. icocw
taevt]m«p s]m§nbm D¯aw A[a {]mWmbmaw
sIm­pw hym[nIfpw ]m]§fpw amdpw; D¯aw sIm­v
Aev] aq{Xhpw Aev] aehpw icocemLhhpw Aev]m
lmchpw kn²n¡p¶p. _p²o{µnbXo{hX In«pw. {XnIme
Úm\¯n\pw D]Icn¡pw.
107. tcNIw ]qcIw apàzm Ipw`oIcWtah bm
ItcmXn {Xnjp Imtejp ss\h XkymkvXn
ZpÀe`w
108. \m`n Itµ N \mkmt{K ]mZmwKpjv tT N
bXv \hm³
[mctb·\km, {]mW³ kÔym Imtejp
hm kZm
109. kÀhtcmssKÀ hn\nÀ aptàm Poh tZymKo
KX¢ax
Ip£ntcmKhn\mix kym¶m`n Itµjp
[mcWmXv
 481
I 110. \mkmt{K [mcWmZv ZoÀLambpx kymZv
tZlemLhw
{_tÒ alpÀt¯ kw{]m]vtX hmbpamIrjy
Pnlzmbm
111. ]nt_X {Xnjp amtkjp hmIvkn²nÀ alXo
`thXv
A`ykXÝ j¬amkm³ almtcmK
hn\mi\w.
tcNIhpw ]qcIhpw IqSmsX Ipw`Iw am{Xw
sN¿p¶h\pw {Xn`qh\¯nepw H¶pw ZpÀÃ`aÃ. {]bXv\
imenbmb km[I³ \m`o Iµ¯nepw \mkm{K¯nepw
H¶pw ZpÀÃ`aÃ. {]bXv\ imenbmb km[I³ \m`o
Iµ¯nepw \mkm{K¯nepw ]mZw KpjvT¯nepw kmZI
kÔymkabw a\km {]mWs\ [mcWw sN¿Ww
C§s\bpff km[I³ k ÀhtcmKhnapà\mIpw
\m`otIµ¯n {]mWs\ [mcWw sNbvXm DZctcmKw
ian¡pw. \mkm{K¯nse ZoÀLmbpÊv; {_ÒaqlqÀ¯
¯n \m¡neqsS hmbp hen¨v ]m\w sNbvXm aq¶p
amk¯n\pffn hmIv kn²n e`n¡p¶p. Bdpamkw
sNbvXm almtcmK§Ä hn«pamdpw.
112. b{X b{X [rtXm hmbpcmtK tcmKmZn ZqjntX
[mcWm tZhacpXkvX¯ ZmtcmKy aiv\ptXx
113. a\tkm [mcWmtZh ]ht\m [mcntXm `thXv
a\kx Ø]t\ tlXpcpNytX ZznP ]pwKh
114. ImcWm\n kamlrXy hnjtb`yx kamlnXx
A]m\ aqÀ[zamIrtjy ZpZtcm]cn [mctbXv
115. _Ô³ Icm`ymw t{im{XmZnIcWm\n
bYmXYw
bpÚm\ky btYmIvtX\ hß\m
kzhiw a\x
tcmK ]oUnX\mb icocmwK§fn hmbphns\
[cn¨m tcmKw hn«pamdp¶p. a\Êns\bpw [cn¡Ww.
C{µnb§sf hnjb§fn \n¶v \nhÀ¯n¸n¡Ww.
A]m\hmbphns\ apIfntebv¡ mIÀjn¨v apIfnÂ
[cn¡Ww. ssIsIm­v t{im{XmZnIcW§fpw _Ôn
¡Ww. a\Êv himhZamIm³ Cu km[\ D]Icn¡pw.
116. at\m himZv {]mWhmbpx kztiØm]y
tX kZm
\mknIm ]pStbmx {]mWmx ]cymtbW
{]hÀ¯tX
117. Xn{kÝ \mUnImkvXmkp k bmh´w
NcXybw
imJn\o hnhtc bmtay {]mWm {]mW`rXmw
kXmw.
N P
118. Xmh´w N ]p\x Imew kutay NcXn K
k´Xw
C°w {ItaW NcXm hmbp\m hmbpPn¶cx
119. AlÝ cm{Xnx ]£w N amkarXzmb\mZnIw
A´À aptJm hnPm\obmXv Imt`Zw
kamlnXx
120. AwKpjvT mZn kzmhbkv^ pcWmZit\c]n
AcnjvssSÀPohnX kym]n Pm\obmXv
£bmamß\x
C§s\ a\Êv \nb{´nW¯nembm {]mWhmbp
\nb{´nXamIpw. \mknIbneqsS {Iam\pkcWw h¶pw
t]mbpancn¡mw. \mUnIÄ aq¶mWv. {]mWmbmaw sN¿p¶
km[Isâ izmkw \mknIbneqsS {Iam\pKXambn
\S¡p¶p. {]mWhmbp \nb{´n¡p¶h³ {]mWPn¯\m
Ip¶p. ]ns¶ Ah³ ]IÂ cm{Xn ]£w amkw Ab\w
F¶nhbpsS Imet`Zs¯ A´À apJ\mbn Adnbp¶p.
Xffhnc XpS§nb Ahbh§fn càKXnsIm­v
\mUnIfnep­mIp¶ XpSn¸v \n¡p¶ ]£w AXv
PohnXmhkm\sa¶v [cn¡pI.
121. ÚmXzm btXX ssIhey{]m]vXtb
tbmKhn¯ax
]mZmwKpjvtT IcmKpjvtT kv^pcWw bky
\ {ipXnx
122. Xky kwhÕ cmZqÀ²zw PohnXky£tb
`thXv aWn_tÔ XYm Kpevt^ kv^ pcWw
bky\iyXn.
123. j×mkmh[ntcXky PohnXky ØnXnÀ
`thXv
IqÀ¸tc kv^pcWw bky Xky ss{Xamko
ImØnXn.
124. Ip£tal\]mÀtiz N kv^pcWm\p
]ew`tX
amkmh[nÀ PohXky XZ[\y Xp ZÀit\
125. B{intX PcZzmtc Zn\m\n Zi PohnXw
tbmKn A\njvS kqN\IÄ Adnªv tam£
km[\bn ebn¡Ww. Imense s]cphnc ssIbnse
s]cphnc Chsb kv^pcWw A\p`hs¸SmXncp¶mÂ
Ah\v Hcp sImïn IqSpX PohnXanÃ. ssI¯
­bnepw ap«nepapff kv^ pcWw \n¶m Ahsâ
PohnXw Bdpamkw am{Xw. ssIap«n kv^pcWansænÂ
PohnXmh[n aq¶p amkamWv; hbdv D]Øw F¶nh
bnse kv^ pcWw \ne¨m Hcp amk¯n\pffnepw
t\{X§fnteXv \n¶m ]Xn¶mep Znhk¯n\Iw
acWw kw`hn¡pw. PtcZzmc¯n kv^ pcWansænÂ
 482
I PohnXmh[n ]¯p ZnhkamWv. tPymXnÊv an¶man\p
§n\p Xpeyambm PohnXmh[n A©p Znhksa¶v
a\Ênem¡Ww.
126. Pnlzm{Km Zit\ {XoWn Zn\m\n Øn
Xncmß\x
Pzmembmx ZÀit\ arXypÀ ZznZnt\ `hXn
{[phw
127. GhamZo\ycnjvS m\n Zrjv Smbpx £bImcWw
\nxt{ibkmb bpÚoX P][ym\]cmbWx
128. a\km ]camßm\w [ymXzm X{Zq]XmanbmXv
bZyjvSmZit`tZjp aÀ½ Ømt\jp [mcWw.
129. Øm\mXv Øm\w kam Irjy {]Xymlmc
kDNytX
]mZmwKpjvTw XYm Kpev^w PwLma[yw
XssYhN
130. a[ytam thmÝ aqew hmbpÀ lrZbtah N
tal\w tZla[yw N \m`nw N KfIqÀ¸cw
131. Xmepaqew N aqew N {LmW kym £vt Wm
ÝaWvUew
{`pthmÀa[yw eemSw N aqeaqÀ[zw N Pm\p\n.
132. aqew N IctbmÀ aqew almt\yXm\n
ssh ZznP
]©`qXatb tZtl `qtX tjzm tXjp
]©kp.
\m¡nsâ Aäw ImWm³ km[n¡msX h¶m aq¶p
Zkhpw Pzme ImWp¶Xv \n¶pt]mbm c­p Znhkhpw
F¶p [cn¡Ww. c­pw kw`hn¨m acWw \nÝbw
Xs¶ hmbp£bamWv. an¡ tcmK¯n\pw ImcWw AXp
a\Ênem¡n awKf¯n\pXIp¶ Ch [ym\]c\mbn
{_ssÒIy¯n\v th­Xpw sN¿Ww. icoc¯nse
]Xns\«p aÀ½Øm\§fnepw {]Xymlmcw thWw. Hcp
Øm\¯p \n¶pw asämcp Øm\t¯bv¡mIÀjn¡pI
F¶XmWv {]Xymlmcw. Imense Xffhnc D¸qän,
XpSbpsS a[y`mKw, Ducphnsâ a[yw KpZmaqew, lrZbw,
tZla[yw, \m`n, IWvTw, ap«v, Xmepaqew \mknImaqew,
t\{X aWvUew ]pcnI§fpsS a[yw s\än, intcmaqew
ap«nsâ aqewhmkvX aqew ChbmWv. icoc¯nse
{][m\s¸« aÀ½Øm\§Ä.
133. a\tkm [mcWw b¯Zypàky N bamZn`nx
[mcWm km N kwkmckmKctcm¯mc
ImcWw
134. BPm\p]mZ ]cy´w ]rYnhoØm\ anjytX
]n¯em NmXpc {km N hkp[m h{Pem
©vOnXw
N P
135. kvaÀ¯hyw ]©LSnIm kvX{Xmtcm]y K
{]`RvPw
BPm\pISn]cy´ a]mw Øm\w
{]IoÀ¯nX
136. AÀ² N{µkamImcw tizXaÀÖp\
em©nOnXw
kvaÀ¯hyaw`x izk\amtcm]y ZÀi\
\mUnImx
137. BtZla[yISy´aánØ\ apZmlrXw
X{X knµqchÀt®m ánÀ Pze\w Zi]© N
138. kaÀ¯ thym \mUo Im {]mWm IrXzm
Ipwt`XtYcnXw
\mt` cp]cn \mkm´w hmbp Øm\w
Xp X{X ssh
139. thZnImchXv {[qtam _ehm³ `qXamcpXx
kvaÀ¯hyx Ipw`tIss\h {]mWamtcm]y
amcpXw
140. LSnImhnwiXn kvXkvamXv {LmWmXv {_Ò
_nemh[n
thymaØm\w \ `kvX{X `n¶RvP\
ka{]`w
[mcWsb¶Xv bamZnIÄ aptJ\ a\Êns\ [mcWw
sN¿p¶XmWv. CXnsâ ^eambn a\pjy³ kwkmc
kmKcw IS¡ m³ ià \mIp¶p. ap«pIÄ apXÂ
Imephsc ]rYzoØm\amWv. ]oX hÀ®hpw NXpjvtIm
WmIrXnbnepffXpamb ]rYzn h{Pem©v OnXbmWv.
A©p \nanjt¯mfw hmbphns\ [cn¨v ]rYznsb
[ym\n¡Ww ap«p apXve ISnhsc PeØm\mamWv. Cu
PeØm\¯nsâ BImcw AÀ²N{µXpeyamWv. \ndw
shfp¸v, CXn ]¯p \mUnIhsc izmkw \ntcm[n¨v
Pes¯ [ym\n¡Ww. ISn {]tZiw apXÂ icoca[yw
hsc AánØm\amWv; knµqc¯nsâ \ndamWXn\v; A-
Xn ]Xn\©p \nanjw {]mWs\ \ntcm[n¨v Aánsb
[ym\n¡Ww. \m`n apXÂ \mknIhsc hmbphnsâ
Øm\amWv thZn¡p XpeyamWv AXnsâ BImcw. [q{a
Xpeyhpw iàn imenbpamb ]h\s\ Ccp]Xp \nanjw
hsc Ipw`Iw aptJ\ hmbphns\ tcm[n¨v [ym\n¡Ww.
\mknIapXÂ {_Ò c{Ôw hscbpffXmWv BImi
Øm\w. AXnsâ \ndw ARvP\w t]msebpffXmWv.
141. thymav\namcpXamtcm]y Ipw`tIss\h
bXv \hm³
]rYznhywti Xp tZ lky NXpÀ_mlpw
IncoSn\w
142. A\ncp²w lcnw tbmKo btXX `hapàtb
A_wti ]qctbtZymKo \mcmbW ap{Z{K[ox
 483
I 143. {]Zypav\aáu hmbzwti k¦ÀjW aXx ]cw
thymamwti ]camßm\w hmbp tZhwkZm
kv atcXv
144. ANncmtZh XXv {]m]vXnÀ bpRvPm \ky \
kwibx
_[zm tbmKmk\w ]qÀhw lrt±iw
lrZbmRvP en.
145. \mkm{K\ykvX\bt\, Pnlzmw IrXzm N
Xmep \n
Zss´ÀZ´m\kwkv]yÝy DuÀ[zImbx
kamlnXx
146. kwbtat¨{µnb {Kmaamß_p²ym hnip²bm
Nn´\w hmkptZhky ]cky ]camß\x
]cn{ia ioe\mb km[I³ Ipw`Iw aptJ\
hmbphns\ BImi¯n \ntcm[n¡Ww. ]ns¶
]rYznbpsS Awiapff `mK¯v NXpÀ _mlphpw Inco
S[mcnbpw Bbpw A\ncp²s\¶p lcnsb [ym\n¡Ww.
X·qew km[I\mb tbmKn apàn¡v AÀl\mIpw.
Pemwi¯n \mcmbWs\ [ym\n¡Ww. Ft¸mgpw Cu
A`ymkw sNbvXp sIm­ncn¡p¶h\v ]camß km£m
Xv¡mcw s]s«¶v e`n¡p¶p. BZyw tbmKmk\¯nencp-
¶v lrZb{]tZi¯v lrZbw Øm]n¨v \mkm{K¯nÂ
ZrjvSn Dd¸n¨v \m¡v A®m¡n tNÀ¯psh¨v apI
fnsebpw Xmsgbpapff ]ÃpIsf ]ckv]cw kv] Àin
¡msX icocw s]m¡n kamlnX\mbncp¶v ip²amb
Bß _p²n sIm­v C{µnb§sf kwbaw sNbvXp
hmkptZhs\ Nn´n¡Ww.
147. kzcq] hym]vX cq]ky[ym\w ssIhey
kn²nZw
baam{Xw hmkptZhw Nn´tbXv
Ipw`tI\ bx
148. k]vX P·mÀÖnXw ]m]w Xky \iyXn
tbmKn\x
\m`nIµmXv kamc`y bmhXv lrZb tKmNcw
149. Pm{KXv hr¯nw hnPm\obmXv IWvTØw
kz]v\ hÀ¯\w
kpjp]vXw Xmepa[yØw Xpcyw {`qa[y
kwØnXw
150. XpcymXoXw]cw {_Ò{_Òct{Ô Xp
e£tbXv
Pm{KXv hr¯nw kamc`y bmhXv {_Ò
_nem´cw
151. X{Xm·m{Xmbw Xpcobky Xpcmt´ hnjvWp
cpNytX
[ymt\ss\h kambptàm thym\n NmXyt´
\nÀ½te
N P
152. kqcytImSnZypXncnYw \ntXymZnX at[m£Pw K
lrZbmt`mcplmko\mw [ymtb[zm
hnizcq]nWw
C§s\ Xsâbpffn hym]n¨ncn¡p¶ ]cam
ßmhnsâ cq]s¯ [ym\n¨m tam£w kn²n¡pw. Hcp
bmaw hsc Ipw`Iw sNbvXp. `Khm³ hmkptZhs\
[ym\n¡p¶hsâ Ggp P·¯n ]m]w \in¡p¶p.
\m`napXÂ lrZbw hsc Pm{KXv hr¯nbpsS Øm\amWv.
kz]v\ hr¯n IWvT¯n ØnXnsN¿p¶p Xpcobm
XoXsâ Øm\w {_lmac{Ô¯n ]c{_Ò¯n\p
t\scbmWv. {_Òc{Ôhsc Xpcnbmßmhv hkn¡p¶p.
AXns\ hnjvWp F¶p ]dbp¶p. km[I³ \nÀ½em-
Imi¯nsâ lrZbIae¯n Ccn¡p¶ tImSn kqcy
{]`mab\pw \ntXymZbcq]nbpw hnizcq]\pamb alm
hnjvWphns\ [ym\n¡Ww.
153. At\ImImcJNnXat\I hZ\m\znXw
At\I `pP kwbpà at\mImbp[
aWvUnXw
154. \m\mhÀ®[cw tZhw im´ ap{K apZmbp[w
At\I \b\m Io˨w kqcytImSn ka{]`w
155. [ymbtXm tbmKn\x kÀh at\mhr¯nÀ
hn\iyXn
lrZv] pWvUcoI a[yØw ssNX\y
tPymXnchybw
156. IZw_tKmfImImcw XpcymXoXw ]cmXv]c.
A\´am\µ abw Nn·bw `mkvIcw hn`pw
157. \nhmXZo] kZriaIr{Xna aWn{]`w
[ymbtXm tbmKn\kvXky apànx IcXte
ØnXm
At\Iw BIrXn tN˦h\pw At\Iw apJap
ffh\pw At\I `pP\pw At\Iw apJapffh\pw At\I
`pP\pw At\Imbp[ [mcnbpw At\I t\{X\pw
tImSnkqcy ka{]`\pw hnizcq]\pamb hnjvWphns\
[ym\n¨m tbmKnbpsS kIe at\mhr¯nbpw ian¡pw.
lrZbIae ØnX\mb ssNX\y\pw tPymXncq]\pw
A hyb\pw IZw_tKmfmImc\pw XpcymXoX\pw
]cmXv ] c\pw A\´\pw Úm\ab\pw Nn·b\pw
kÀhhym]nbpw \nÀhmX Zo]kZriy\pw AIr{XnaWn
{]`\pamb ]c{_Òs¯ [ym\n¨m tam£w tbmKn¡v
ssIbnse s\Ãn¡t]mse A{X kp{KmlnbamIpw.
158. hnizcq]kyptZhky cq]w bXv In©ntZhln
Øhobx kq£vaa\yZzm ]iy³ lrZb
]¦tP
 484
I 159. [ymbtXm tbmKnt\m b kvXp km£mtZh
{]ImitX
AWnamZn^ew ssNh kptJss\thm
]PmbtX
160. Pohmß\x ]ckym]n btZyhap`tbm chn
Altah ]cw {_Ò{_ÒmlanXn
kwØnXnx
161. kam[nx kXp hntÚbx kÀhhr¯n
hnhÀPnXx
{_Ò k¼ZytX tbmKo \ `qbmx kwkrXnw
{htPXv
162. Ghw hntim[y XXzm\n tbmKo \nkv]rl
tNXkm
bYm \ncnÔt\m hánx kzbtahw {]imarXn
163. {Kmlym`mth a\x{]mtWm \nÝb Úm\
kwbpXmx
ip² XtXz ]tc eot\m Pohx sskÔh
]nWv U hXv.
164. taml PmeIkwLtXm hnizm ]iyXn
kz]v\hXv
1 [ym\- _ n- µ q- ] - \ n- j ¯v 3
im´n ]mTw
Hmw. kl \mhhXp. kl \u `p\àp.
klhocyw Ichmhssl. tXPkzn\mh[oXa
kv X p. am hnZznjmhssl. Hmw im´nx im´nx
im´nx
]c{_Òw R§Ä c­pt]scbpw Hcpan¨v c£n
¡tW. c­pt]scbpw Hcpan¨v ]cn]men¡s«. R§fpsS
hocy tXPkznbmbn¯octW. R§Ä ]ckv ]cw hntZz
N P
kpjp]vXn hZyÝcXn kz`mh]cn\nÝex K
\nÀhmW]Zam{inXy tbmKo ssIhey
aiv\tX CXyp]\nj¯v
hniz tZhcq]sâ Øqetam kq£vatam atäsX
¦nepw hn[¯nepfftXm Bb cq]w lrZb Iae¯nÂ
[ym\n¡p¶ tbmKn AXnsâ km£mXv cq]ambn tXm¶p
Ibpw AWnamZn kn²nIÄ A\mbmkw ssIhcn¡pIbpw
sN¿p¶p. Pohmß ]camßt_m[w t\Sn "Rm³ Xs¶
{_Òw F¶ ØnXn{]m]n¡pIbmWv kam[n. kam
[nس kÀhhr¯n hnhÀPnX\mIp¶p. C§s\
{_Òs¯ {]m]n¨ tbmKn ho­pw kwkmc¯n IpSp
§p¶nÃ. Ah\v ]p\ÀP·nÃ. Ah³ hndInÃm¯ Aán
t]mse kzbw im´\mIp¶p. ]ns¶ Ahs\m¶pw {Kln
¡m\nÃ.
Ahsâ {]mW\pw a\Êpw BßÚm\ kwbp
àamIp¶p. Pe¯n D¸pI«sbt¶mWw Ah³
]camßmhn hnebw {]m]n¡p¶p. {]]©s¯ Ah³
kz]v\ambn ImWp¶p. ]qÀ®ambpw \nÝe\mbn Ah³
{_Ò¯n kpjp]vXn t\Sp¶p. A§s\ hnip²\mb
tbmKn \nÀhmWw ]Zw t\Sn ssIhey ]Zw {]m]n¡p¶p.
C§s\ D]\nj¯v.
{XninJn {_mÒtWm]\nj¯v kam]n¨p.
jw hln¡mXncn¡tW. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
1. bZn ssiekaw ]m]w hnkvXo˨w
_lptbmP\w
`nZytX [ym\tbmtK\ \mt\ym \mZw t`Zx
IZmN\
2. _oPm£cw ]cw _nµpw \mZw Xtkym
]cnØnXw
ki_vZw Nm£tc £otW \nx i_vZw ]caw ]Zw
 485
I 3. A\mlXw Xp bÑ_vZ Xky i_vZky
bXv]cw
XXv] cw hnµtX bkvXp k tbmKo kwibx
4. _mem{KiX kml{kw Xky `mKky `mKn\.
Xky `mKky `mKmÀ²w XXv£tb Xp
\ncRvP\w
5. ]pjv ] at[y bYm KÔx ]tbm at[y bYm
LrXw
Xne at[y bYm KÔx ]tbm at[y bYm
{LrXw
6. Ghw kÀhmWn `qXm\n aWu kq{Xan
hmß\n
Ønc_p²nckwaqtVm {_ÒhnZv {_ÒWn
ØnXx
]ÀhXw t]mse _lptbmP\ hnkvX oÀ®apff
]m]ambmepw AhsbÃmw [ym\tbmK¯m \jvSam
Ip¶p. ]m]w \in¡m³ CXÃmsXmcp amÀ¤anÃ;
_oPm£cw ]ca_nµphmWv. \mZw AXn\papIfnÂ
ØnXnsN¿p¶p. \mZw A£c¯n hnebw {]m]n¡p
t¼mÄ i_vZ clnXamb ]ca]Zw kwPmXamIp¶p.
A\mlX [z\n¡¸pdw Hcp i_vZap­v. AXv km[n
¨mte tbmKn¡v kwib \nhr¯n hcpIbpffq. XeapSn
\mcnsâ A{K¯nsâ \qdn Hcp `mK¯n Bbnc¯nÂ
Hcp `mKhpw AXnsâ AÀ²`mKhpw £bn¡pt¼mÄ
\ncRv P \w kw`hn¡p¶p. ]qhn KÔw t]mse,
]men s\¿vt]mse, Fffn F®t]mse ]mdbnÂ
kzÀ®w t]mse, aWnbn kq{Xw t]mse, kÀh¯nepw
{_Òw hym]n¨ncn¡p¶p. Ønc_p²nbpw Úm\nbpamb
tbmKn tamlclnX\mbn {_ÒÚm\w kamÀPn¨v
{_Ò¯n ebn¡p¶p.
7. Xnem\mw Xp bYm Xew ]pjvt ] KÔ
Chm {inXx
]pcpjky icotc Xp k_mlym`y´tc
ØnXx
8. hr£w Xp hnZymXv Ombm kIew Xsskyh
\njvIem
kIte \njvIte `mth kÀh{Xmßm
hyhØnXx
F®bv¡v Fffpw kpKÔ¯n\v ]qhpw B{ib
ambncn¡p¶Xpt]mse {_Òw icoc¯nsâ Dffnepw
]pd¯pw ØnXnsN¿p¶p. hr£s¯¸än AdnªmÂ
AXnsâ Omb \njvIebmWv. AXpt]mse Bßmhv
FÃm Øm\¯pw ØnXnsN¿p¶p.
9. HmantXyIm£cw {_Ò t[ybw kÀhap£p `nx
]rYzn hyánÝ EtKztZm `qcntXyh ]nXmalx
N P
10. AImtc Xp ebw {]m]vtX {]Yt\ K
{]Whmw itI
A´co£w bÖpÀ hmbp `pthm hnjvWpÀ
P\m˱\x
11. DImtc Xp ebw {]m]vtX ZznXotb
{]WhmwitI
Zyukqcy kmathZÝ kzcntXyh atlizcx
12. aImtc Xp ebw {]m]vtX ZznXotb {]W
hmwitI
AImcx ]nXh˨x kym{ZtPm KpW
Xp±ocnXx
13. DImcx km¯znIx ip¢x aImcx IrjvW
Xmakx
AjmwKw N NXpjv]mZm {XnØm\w
]©ssZhXw
tamt£Nvip¡fmb kIe hyànIfpw HmwImc
cq]¯nepapff A £c {_Òs¯ [ym\n¡p¶p.
Hmw¦mc¯nsâ {]Yamwiamb AImc¯n ]rYzn, Aán,
EtKzZw, `qx, ]nXmal³ F¶nh AS§p¶p. ZznXobmwi
amb DImc¯n A´co£w bPpÀthZw hmbp `phkp
hnjvWp F¶nh AS§p¶p. XrXobmwiamb aImc¯nÂ
kqcy³ kmathZw kzÀtemIw atlizc³ F¶nh
tNcp¶p. AImcw ]oXhÀ®hpw ctPmKpWbpà
hpamWv. DImcw tizXh˨hpw kXzKpWhpw; aImcw
XrjvW hÀ®hpw XtamKpWhpw. C§s\ {]Whw
AjvSmwKbpàhpw NXpjv] mZbpXhpw {Xnt\{Xt¯m
SpIqSnbXpw ]© tZhXmßIhpamWv.
14. HmwImcw tbm \ Pm\mXn {_ÒtWm \
`th¯pkx
{]Wthm [\px itcm lymßm {_Ò
XãyapNytX
15. A{]at¯\ th²hyw ich¯·tbm `thXv
\nhÀ¯t´ {Inbmx kÀhmx Xkvan³
ZrjvtS]cmhtc
16. Hmw¦mc {]`hm tZhm Hmw¦mc{]`hm kzcmx
Hmw¦mc {]`hw kÀhw ss{XtemIyw
kNcmNcw
17. {ltkzm ZlXn ]m]m\n ZoÀtLm k¼Xv
{]tZmhybx
AÀ±am{X kambpàx {]Wthm tam£
ZmbIx
HmwImcw Adnbm¯hs\ {_ÒWs\¶v ]dbm³
]mSnà {]Whw [\pÊpw Bßmhv _mWhpw {_Òw
AXnsâ e£yhpamWv. BßmhmIp¶ _mW¯mÂ
 486
I kmh[m\w {i²tbmsS {_ÒamIp¶ e£ys¯ BZyw
t`Zn¡pIbpw ]cm]cs\ AdnbpIbpw sNbvXm FÃm
{InbIfn \n¶pw \nhr¯\mIp¶p. Hmw¦mc¯n \n¶v
tZh·mcpw kzc§fpw aq¶p temI§fpw kÀh NcmNc
§fpap­mbn. AXnsâ {lkzamb Awiw ]m]§Ä
lcn¡p¶p. ZoÀLw Ahybamb k¼¯p \ÂIp¶p.
AÀ²am{Xmbpàamb {]Whw tam£w \ÂIp¶p.
18. ssXe[mcmanhmÑn¶w ZoÀLL­m
\n\m`thXv
AhmNyw {]Whkym{Kw bkvXw thZ k
thZhnXv
19. lrXv ]Zva IÀ®nImat²y Ønc Zo]
\n`mIrXnw
AwKpjvTam{XaNew [ymtb tZmw Imcaoizcx
20. CUbm hmbpam]qcy ]qcbntXymZc ØnXw
HmwImcw tZla[yØw [ymtbÖzmem
heohrXw
21. {_Òm]qcI CXyptàm hnjvWp Ipw`I
DNytX
tctNm cp{Z CXn t{]màx {]mWmbmaky
tZhXmx
CSapdnbm¯ ssXe[mct]msebpw \o­p \nÂ
¡p¶ aWn\mZw t]msebpw \mZm{K¯n {]Whw
ØnXnsN¿p¶p. AXv Adnbp¶h\mWv thZÚ³.
lrZbIae IÀ®nIbn Zo]inJt]msebpw AwKpjvT
am{XImcambpw Ccn¡p¶ Hmw¦mccq]\mb Cuizcs\
[ym\n¡pI. CUbneqsS hmbphns\ DZc¯n kw`cn
¡pI. tZha[y¯n Pzmem henIfm BhrXamb
Hm¦mcw [ym\n¡Ww. ]qcIw {_ÒhmsW¶pw Ipw`Iw
hnjvWphmsW¶pw tcNIw cp{Z\msW¶pw ]dbs¸
Sp¶p. AhÀ aqhcpw {]mWmbma¯nsâ A[njmTm\
tZh·mcmWv.
22. Bßm\acWnw IrXzm {]Whw
tNm¯cmcWnw
[ym\\nÀ½Y\m `ymkmtZh ]mtiy¶n
KqVhXv
23. Hm¦mc[z\n\mtZ\ hmtbmx kwlcWm´nIw
bmhZv _ew kamZ[ymXv kay¡v
\mZtbm h[n
24. KamKaØw Ka\mZniq\y tamwImctaIw
chntImSnZo]vXnw
]iy´n tb kÀhP\m´ckvYw
lwkmßIw tX hncPm `h´nXm
Xmgs¯ AcWnbpsS cq]¯n Bßmhns\
N P
{Kln¨v {]Whs¯ D¯mcWnbm¡pI. c­nsâbpw
K
aY\amIp¶ [ym\m`ymk\¯m KqVXXzw ZÀin¡pI.
HmwImc[z\nsb \mZklnXw tcNIw sNbvXv \mZebw
kw`hn¡p¶ [ym\w bYmiàn sN¿pI. Kam\mKa\
ØnXhpw Ka\mZniq\yhpw tImSn kqcy{]`hpw kÀhP
\m´kvYhpw lwkmßIhpamb Hm¦mcs¯ ZÀin¡p
¶h³ ]]hnapà\mIpw.
25. b·\kv{XnPKÕrjvS n ØnXnhyk\
IÀ½ IrXv
X·tbm hnebw bmXnXZzn jv tWmx
]caw ]Zw
26. AjvS]{Xw Xp lrZv ]ßw Zzn{XnwiXv
tIkcmßIw
Xky at[y ØntXm`m\pÀ`m\pa[y KXx iio
27. iin a[yKtXm hánÀ hán a[y KXm {]`m
{]`ma[ymKXw ]oXw \m\mcXv\{]thjv SnXw
28. Xky a[yKXw tZhw hmkptZhw \ncRvP\w
{iohÕ IukvX pt`mckvIw aràm aWn
hn`qjnXw
29. ip² kv^SnI k¦mkw N{µ tImSn ka{]`w
Ghw [ymtb·lmhnjvWptahw hm
hn\bm ·nXw
30. AXkv{Xn]pjv ] k¦miw \m`nØmt\
{]Xnjv TnXw
NXpÀ `pPw almhnjvWp ]qctIW
hnNn´tbXv
krjvSn ØnXn eb ImcWw GsXm¶mtWm,
a\ÊnepffXv FhnsSbmtWm hnebw {]m]n¡p¶Xv,
AXmWv hnjvW phnsâ ]ca]Zw. AjvSZf§tfmSp
IqSnbXpw ap¸¯nc­p tImi§temSp IqSnbXpamb
lrZbIae¯nsâ a[y¯n kqcy\pw kqcysâ at[y
N{µ\pw ØnXnsN¿p¶p. N{µ\p at[y Aán, Aán¡p
at[y {]`, {]`ma[y¯n \\mcXv\ §Ä ]Xn¨ ]oTw,
AXnsâ a[y¯n \ncRvP\\mb `Khm³ hmkptZh³.
ip²kv^ SnI k¦mi\pw N{µka{]`\pamb alm
hnjvWphns\ hn\bt¯msS [ym\n¡pI. {Xn]pjv]
k¦mi\pw N{µka{]`\pamb almhnjv W phns\
]qcIw sNbvXv [ym\n¡pI.
31. Ipw`tI\ lrZn Ømt\ Nn´tbXv
Iaemk\w
{_ÒmWw cà Kucm`w NXpÀh{àw
]nXmalw
32. tcNtI\Xp hnZyßm eemSkvXw {XntemN\w
ip²kv^SnIk¦miw \njvIfw ]m]\mi\w
 487
I 33. A_vP ]{Xa[x ]pjv]aqÀ[z \mf at[mapJw
IZfo]pjv]kwImiw kÀhthZabw inhw.
34. ]Zvta tkymZvLmS\w IrXzm t_m[ N{µmán
kqcyIw
Xky lrZv_oPamlrXy Bßm\w
NctX {[phw
Ipw`Iw sN¿p¶ L«¯n lrZbØm\¯v
Iaemk \\pw shfp¸pw Nph¸pw \ndapffh\pw
NXpÀ`pP\w ]oXmw_c\pamb {_Òmhns\ [ym\n¡
Ww. tcNIw sN¿pt¼mÄ ip² kv^SnI ka\mb
s\änbpffh\pw \njvIf¦\pw ]m]\miI\pw {XntemN\
\pamb i¦cs\ \mw [ym\n¡Ww. inh³ kÀh
tZhab\mWv. \qdv Ac§fpw \qdv ]m{X§fpw hnime
tIkchpamb lrZbIae¯n kqcy³, N{µ³ Aán
F¶nhsb Nn´n¡Ww. Iaew hnIkn¡p¶tXmsS
kqcyN{µmánIfpsS t_m[ap­mIp¶p. AhbpsS
_oPw kzoIcn¡p¶tXmsS Øncamb Bßim´n
ssIhcp¶p.
36. {XnØm\w N {Xn]m{Xw N {Xn{_Ò
N{Xbm£cw
{Xnam{XaÀ[ am{Xw hm bkvXw thZ k
thZhnXv
37. ssXe [mcmanhmÑn¶ ZoÀL L­m \n\m
`thXv
_nµp \mZIemXoXw bkvXw thZ k
thZhnXv
bssY thmXv ]e \mtfW tXmb
amIÀj tb¶cx
XssY thmXv IÀjtb Zzmbpw tbmKo tbmK
]tYØnXx
39. AÀ² bm{XmßIw IrXzm tImio `qXw Xp
]¦Pw
IÀjtb¶mfamt{XW {`pthmÀ at[y ebw
\tbXv
40. {`pthmÀ at[y eemtS Xp \mkn ImbmkvXp
aqeXx
Pm\obmZarXw Øm\w XZv {_Òm bX\w
alXv.
aq¶p Øm\w aq¶p ]m{Xw aq¶p {_Òmhv aq¶p
£cw c­pam{X AÀ±am{X Ch Adnbp¶h³ thZU
Ú\mWv. ssXe[mct]mse, AhnÑn¶ambn \o­a
Wn\mZw t]mse _nµp, Ie, \mZw, F¶nhbv¡XoXamb
H¶ns\ Bcdnbp¶p. Ah³ thZÚ\mWv. Iae
\mf¯neqsS tbmKn tbmKkm[\ sN¿W. kkpSnX
Iaes¯ AÀ²am{Xm cq]am¡n hmbphns\ kpjpav\m
N P
\mUnbneqsS hens¨Sp¯v ISnØm\¯v ebn¸n¡Ww. K
]pcnI§fpsS a[y¯n \mknIbpsS aqe Øm\amb
s\änbn AarXØm\w ØnXnsN¿p¶p. {_ÒØm\w
AXpXs¶.
41. Bk\w {]mWkwtcm[x {]Xymlmc
Ý [mcWm
[ym\w kam[ntcXm\n tbmKwKm\n
`h´n jSv
42. Bk\m\n NXmh´n bmtht´ym
PohPmXbx
GtXjm aXpem³ t`Zm³ hnPm\mXn
atlizcx
43. On{Zw `{Zw XYm knwlw ]ßw tNXn
NXpjvSbw
B[mcmtJy KpZØmt\ ]¦Pw b¨XpÀ Zfw
44. X·t²y t{]mNytX tbm\nx ImamJym
kn²hµnX,
tbm\n at[y ØnXw enwKw ]Ýnam`napJw
XYm
Bk\w, {]mWmbmaw, {]Xymlmcw, [mcWw, [ym\w
kam[n F¶nh tbmK¯nsâ jUwK§fmIp¶p.
temI¯n F{X PmXn PohnIfpt­m A{Xbpw C\w
Bk\Ifpap­v. AhbpsS AkwJy t`Z§Ä ]ca
inht\ Adnbmhq kn²mU\w `{Zmk\w, knwlmk\w,
]ßmk\w, F¶v Bk\§Ä {][m\ambn \memWv.
{]Ya N{Iw B[mchpw c­maXv kzm[njvTm\hpw BWv.
c­nsâbpw at[y Imacq]amb tbm\n Øm\w ØnXn
sN¿p¶p. KZØm\¯pff B[mc N{I¯n \mep
Zfapff Iaeap­v. AXnsâ a[y¯n Ima F¶ tbm\n;
AXv kn²hµnXamWv. tbm\n at[y ]Ýnam`napJamb
enwKw \nesImffp¶p.
46. akvX tI aWnhZv `n¶w tbm Pm\mXn k
tbmKhnXv
X]vXNmao IcmImcw XUntÃtJh
hnkv^ pcXv
47. NXpc{kap]cytá ct[m ta{VmXv
{]Xnjv TnXw
kzi_vtZ\ `thXv {]mWx kzm[njv Tm\w
XZm{ibw
48. kzm[njvTm\w XXÝ{Iw ta{Vtab \nKZytX
aWnh¯´p\m b{X hmbp\m ]qcnXw h]px
49. X¶m`n aWvUew N{Iw t{]mNytX aWn
]qcIw
ZzmZimcalmNt{I ]pWy ]m]\nb{´nXx
 488
I 50. XmhÖothm {`atXyhw bmh¯Xzw\ hnµXn
DuÀ[zw ta{VmZt[m \mt`x Itµm tbmSkvXn
JKmWv U hXv
51. X{X \mUy kapXv ]¶mx kl{kmWn
Zznk]v XXnx
tXjv T \mUoklt{kjv T Zznk]vXXn
cp{ZmlrXm.
akvXI¯n cXv\ w t]mse tim`n¡p¶ hkvXp
Adnbp¶h³ tbmKhn¯\mWv. I\en Np« kzÀ®
¯nsâ \ndtamSpw an¶Â t]mse {]Imiam\ambpw
AánØm\¯p \n¶pw \mewKpew apIfn {`a{]Øm
\¯n\p Xmsg kz´w i_vZw IeÀ¶p {]mW³ kvXnXn
sN¿p¶p. AXv kzm[njvTm\ N{Is¯ B{ibn¨ncn
¡p¶p. ta{V¯nsâ aqe`mK¯v kzm[ojvT m\ N{Iw;
AhnsS cXv\ X´pt]mse hmbp ]ocnXamb icocw;
\m`o aWvU e N{Is¯ aWn]qcIsa¶v ]dbp¶p.
AhnsS ]{´­v Ac§tfmSp IqSnb alm N{I¯nÂ
]pWy ]m]§fpsS \nb{´Ww \S¡p¶p. Cu XXzw
{Kln¡p¶Xphsc Poh³ Aetb­ hcpw; ta{V¯n\p
apIfn \m`n¡p Xmsg ]£nap« t]mse Hcp Iµap­v.
AXn \n¶pw Fgp]¯ncmbncw \mUnIÄ ]pds¸Sp¶p.
Ahbn Fgp]¯n cs­®w {][m\s¸«XmWv.
52. {][m\x {]mWhmlnt\ym `qbkvX{X Zi
kv arXmx
CUm N ]nwKfm ssNh kpjpav \m N
XrXobIw
53. KmÔmco lkvX nPnlzmN ]qjm ssNh
biekzn\n
Aew_pkm Iplpc{X iwJn\o ZihnkvarXm
54. Ghw \mUnabw N{Iw hntÚbw
tbmKn\m kZm
kXXw {]mWhmln\yx tkma kqcymán
tZhXmx
55. CUm]nwKem kpjpav\ mkvX nt{km \mUy
{]IoÀ¯nXm
CUm hmta ØnXm `mtK ]nwKeo Z£ntW
ØnXm
56. kpjpav\m a[ytZti Xp {]mWamÀ¤
kqbxkv arXm
{]mtWm ]m\x kam\tÝmZm\mx hym\
kvXssYhN
57. \mKx IqÀ½Ý IrItcm tZhZt¯m
[\RvPbxctIm
{]mWmZymx ]©hnJymXm \mKmZym
]©ambhx
N P
Fgp]¯n c­p \mUnIfpffhbn ]s¯®w
K
{]mWhmln\nIfmWv. Ah CU, ]nwKf, kpjpav\,
KmÔmcn, lkvXn, Pnlzmþ]qjm, bikzn\n, Bew_pk,
Iplp iwJn\n. Cu \mUoN{Is¯ kw_Ôn¨ Úm\w
tbmKnIġv hfsc BhiyamWv. Chbn CU, ]nwKf,
kpjpav\ a[y¯n aq¶pw {]mWsâ amÀ¤ kzcq]§
fmWv. {]mW³, A]m\³, kam\³, DZm\³, hym\³,
\Kw, IqÀ½w, IrIcw, tZhZ¯w, [\RvPbw {]mWmZn
Ifmb A©pw IrIcmZnIfmb A©pw {]kn²§fmb
A©pw IrIcmZnIfmb A©pw {]kn²§fmb hmbp¡
fmWv.
58. GtX \mUo klt{kjp hÀ¯t´
Pohcq]nWx
{]mWm]m\htimPothm ly[tÝmÀ[zw
{][mhXn
59. hmaZ£nWamÀt¤W N©eXzm¶ ZriytX
B£n]vtXm `pPZWvtU\ btYm¨eXn
IµpIx
60. {]mWm]m\kam£n]vXkvXZz Öothm \
hn{itaXv
A]m\mXv IÀjXn {]mtWm ]m\x {]mWw
NIÀjXn
61. JKcÖphZntXyXtZym Pm\mXn k
tbmKhnXv
lImtcW _lnÀbmXn kImtcW
hntiXv ]p\x
62. lwklwtkXyapw a{´w Pothm P]Xn
kÀhZm
iXm\n jUv Znhmcm{Xw kl{kmtWyI
hnwiXnx
63. GXXv kwJym\znXw a{´w Pothm P]Xn
kÀhZm
AP]m \ma Kmb{Xo tbmKn\mw
tam£Zm kZm
C§s\ Cu hmbp¡Ä Pohcq]¯n Bbncw
\mUnIfpw D­v. {]mWm]m\hicmbn Poh³ apIfnepw
Xmsgbpw h¶pw t]mbpancn¡p¶p. Nnet¸mÄ CSt¯m«pw
Nnet¸mÄ het¯m«pw AXp t]mIpw. N©eamIbmÂ
ImWm³ \nhr¯nbnÃ. ssIsIm]´pt]mse {]mWmhm
\·mcm Fdnbs¸Sp¶XpsIm­v Poh\v hn{iaanÃ.
{]mWm]m\·mÀ At\ym\yw BIÀjn¡s¸Sp¶p. Cu
clkyadnbp¶h\mWv tbmKn. {]mW³ lImc [z\nbnÂ
shfnbntebv¡pw t]mIp¶p. Poh³ kZm lwkw F¶
a{´w P]n¡p¶p. Hcp Znhkw Cu P]kwJy Ccp]¯n
Hmcmbnc¯n Adp\qdmWv. CsX{X AP]mKmb{Xn.
tbmKnIÄ¡v CXv tam£w \ÂIp¶XmWv.
 489

I 64. Akymx k¦ev] amt{XW \cx ]mss]x 72. {_ÒNmco anXmlmco tbm\o tbmK K
{]apNytX ]cmbWx
A\bm kZrio hnZym A\bm kZrtim P]x A_vZmZqÀ[zw `thXv knt²m \m{X Imcy
65. A\bm kZriw ]pWyw \ `qXw \ `hnjyXn hnNmcWm
tb\ amÀt¤W K´hyw {_Ò Øm\w hymbmaw sIm­p­mb hnbÀ¸v icoc¯n aÀ±\w
\ncmabw sNbvXp Ibv],v ]pfn, D¸v, F¶nh Dt]£n¨v ]m IpSn¨v
66. iptJ\mÑmZy XZv Zzmcw {]kp]vXm ]ctaizco kpJambncn¡Ww. C§s\ km[\ sN¿p¶ {_ÒNm
{]_p²m hÓn tbmtK\ a\km acpXm kl cnbmb tbmKn Hcp hÀj¯n\p fffn kn²\mIpsa
¶Xn\m kwibn¡m\nÃ.
67. kpNnhZv KpWamZmb {hPXypÀ[zw
kpjpav\bm 73. ItµmÀ[zIpWv Ueo imànx k
DZvL mStbXv I]mSw Xp bYm tbmKo kn²n`mP\w
Ip©nIbm lTmXv A]m\ {]mWtbmsscIyw £b·q{X
68. IpWv Uen\ym Xbm tbmKo tam£Zzmcw ]pcojtbmx
hnt`ZtbXv 74. bhm `hXn hrt±m ]n kXXw aqe _Ô\mXv
69. IrXzm kw]pSnXm Icu ZrVXcw _[zm ]mjvWn`mtK\ kw]oUy tbm\namIp©
]Zva mk\w tbXv KpZw
KmVw h£kn k¶n[mb Nn_pIw [ym\wN 75. A]m\aqÀ[zapXvIrXy aqe_tÔm b
Xt¨Xkn apNytX
]mcmhmc a]mXaqÀ[za\new DUymWw IpcptX bkvamZhn{im´ alm JKx
t{]m¨cb³ ]qcnXw 76. DÍobmWw XtZhkym¯{X _tÔm
ap©³ {]mW apss]Xn t_m[aXpew hn[obtX
iàn {]`mhm´c. DZtc ]Ýnaw XmWw \mt`cqÀ[zw Xp
70. ]Zvamk\ ØntXm tbmKo \mUo ZzmtcjvT ImctbXv
]qcb³
Iµ¯nsâ apIfnepff IpWvU en\nbn tbmKn
amcpXw Ip`bky kvXp k aptàm \nÝbamIpw kn±\mIp¶pw. \nbma\pkrXw aqe_
\m{X kwibx Ôm`ymkw sNbvX m {]mWmhss\Iyw km[n¡pw;
a\pjy³ Cu AP]m Kmb{Xn a{´ P]¯m aeaq{X§Ä Ipdbpw., hr²³ t]mep bphmhmIpw.
Xs¶ apà\mIpw. CXn\p Xpeyamb hnZytbm P]tam D¸qänbm tbm\n Øm\aaÀ¯n KpZw BIp©nXam¡n
]pWytam thsdbnÃ. Cu a{´¯m A\mbmkw A]m\s\ apIfntebv¡mIÀjn¡Ww. Cu {]{Inbbv¡v
{_ÒØm\w {]m]n¡mw. B amÀ¤w Xsâ apJ¯m aqe_Ôw F¶v ]dbpw. AS¯Xv DÍobm\ hn[n.
ad¨v ]ctaizco iàn Dd§p¶p. AXv hántbmK¯m almJKw hn{ian¡p¶Xpt]mse DZc]Ýna XmWs¯
DWÀ¯s¸Sp¶p. \qens\s¡m­v kqNnt]msebpw \m`n¡p apIfn \ndpt¯­Xp­v.
X m t ¡ m  s ¡ m ­ v h m X n t ] m s e b p w t b m K n
77. DÍobmtWm ]ybw _tÔm arXyp amXwK
IpWvUen\nbm tam£ Zzmcw Xpd¡p¶p. ssIIÄ
tIkco
kw]pSnXam¡n ZrVXtbmsS ]ßmk\¯nencp¶v
XmSnsIm­v amÀhnSw _eambn AaÀ¯n a\Ên _[v\mXn ln intcmPmXat[mKman\t`m Pew
{_Òs¯ [ym\n¨v A]m\s\ apIfntebv¡ v \bn¨v 78. XtXm PmeÔcm_Ô IÀ½ ZpxJu
BIÀjn¡s¸« {]mWs\ Xmtgm«v \bn¨v km[I³ L \mi\x
IpWv U en\o iànbpsS {]`mhw A\p`hn¡p¶p. PmeÔtc IrtX _tÔ IÀ®kt¦mN
]ßmk\¯nencp¶v \mUnIfn hmbp kw`cn¨v e£Ww
Ipw`I¯m \ntcm[n¡p¶ tbmKn XnI¨pw apàn
79. \ ]obpjw ]XXyáu \ N hmbpx {][mhXn
t\Sp¶p.
I]meIplntc Pnlzm {]hnjvSm hn]coXKm
71. AwKm\mw a˱\w IrXzm {iaPmXt\
hmcnWm 80. {Zpthmc´ÀKXm ZrjvS nÀap{Zm `hXn tJNco
ISz¾ehWXymKo £oc]m\cXx kpJo \tcmtKm acWw Xky \n{Zm \ £p[m Xrjm

N P
 490
I acWamIp¶ B\bv¡v knwl¯n\v XpeyamWv. Cu
DÍnbm\w ASp¯Xv PmeÔc _Ôw. Cu PmeÔc
_Ô¯m intcm tIi Pes¯ apIfn Xs¶ \ntcm
[n¡Ww. A§s\ sNbvXm IÀ½ _Ôhpw ¢ihpw
\ in¡ pw. P m eÔ c_Ô ¯ n I Wv Tk t ¦ mN w
sNbvXm AarXw Aánbn ]Xn¡nÃ. hmbp HmSp
¶nÃ. ASp¯Xv tJNco ap{Z, \m¡v aS¡n I]meIplc
¯n sIm­pt]mbn. c­p ]pcnI§fpsSbpw a[y¯nÂ
IqSn ZrjvSn Dd¸n¡Ww. Cu tJNco ap{Zm`ymk¯mÂ
tcmKhpw acW `bhpw D­mIp¶nÃ. Dd¡w hni¸v
Zmlw F¶nhbpsS ieyw D­mhnÃ.
81. \ N aqÀÑm `th¯ky tbm ap{Zmw th¯n
tJNcnw
]oUytX \ N tcmtKW en]ytX \a
IÀ½Wm
82. _ÔtX \ N Imte\ bky ap{ZmkvXn
tJNco
Nn¯w NcXn tJ bkva mÖnlzm `hXn
tJKXm
83. tXss\jm tJNco \ma ap{Zm kn²
a\kvIXm
tJNcym ap{Zbm bky hnhcw
ew_ntImÀ[zXx
84. _nµpx £cXn t\m bky Iman\ym
enwKnX ky N
bmhZv _nµpx ØnXm tZtl Xmh³ arXyp
`bw IpXx
tamlmeyk¯mtem tcmK¯mtem tJNco ap{Z
Aªh\v `oXnbp­mhnÃ. Ah\v IÀ½_ÔanÃ.
tJNco ap{Zm`ymk¯m Nn¯w BImi¯n ØnXn
sN¿pIbpw Pnlz BIiKman\nbmhpIbpw sN¿p¶h³
Ime_Ô¯n s]Sp¶nÃ. AXn\m kn² tbmKnIÄ
tJNco ap{Z hW§p¶p. AXpaqew \mep Zzmcw
ASbv¡p¶hsâ hocyw kv{Xobpambpff BenwK¯nepw
{khn¡nÃ. Dffn hocyw Dfft¸mÄ acW`bsa´n\mWv?
85. bmhZv _²m \t`m ap{Zm XmhZv_ nµpÀ
\ KÑXm
KfntXm ]n _nµpx kw{]m]vtXm tbm\n
aWvUte
86. {hPXyqÀ² lTmXviàym \n_t²m
tbm\n ap{Zbm
k Gh Zznhnt[m _nµpx ]mWv Utcm
telnXkvXYm
87. ]mWv Ucw ip{I anXymlpÀ temlnXm
JymwalmcmPx
N P
hn{Zpa{`pa k¦miw tbm\n Ømt\ K
ØnXw cPx
88. iinØmt\ htkZv _nµp kv{XtkymsscIyw
XpkpZpÀe`w
_nµpx inthm cPx iànÀ_nµqcnµp ]nkp
ctPm chnx
tJNco ap{Z DffnSt¯mfw hocy]X\ap­mInÃ.
AYhm hocyw {khn¨v tbm\nØm\¯v t]mbmepw
tbm\n ap{Z aptJ\ AXns\ ho­pw iànbn apIfn
tebv¡mIÀjn¡mw. Cu hocyw izX hÀ®hpw càhpw
F¶v c­p hn[ap­v. tizX hÀ®apffXv ip¢w; Npa¶
\ndapffXv almcPÊv; ]hngw t]mse Npa¶ cPÊv
tbmKnbpsS tbm\nØm\¯pw ip¢w N{µØ\¯pw
ØnXnsN¿p¶p. c­nsâbpw kwtbmKw ZpÀÃ`amWv.
ip¢w inhkzcq]hpw, cPÊviàn kzcq]hpamWv. hocyw
N{µ\pw cPÊv kqcy\pamIp¶p.
89. D`tbmx kwKamtZh {]m]ytX ]caw h]px
hmbp\m iànNmte\ t{]cnXw tJ bYm cPx
90. chnssWIXzambmXn `th±nhyw h]pkvXYm
ip¢w Nt{µW kwbpàw cPx kqcy
ka·nXw
91. Zztbmx kacko `mhw tbm Pm\mXn k
tbmhnXv
tim[\w aePmXm\mw LS\w N{µ
kqcytbmx
92. ckm\mw timjWw kayMvalmap{ZZn [obtX
93. ht£m\ykvXl\pÀ\nhoUy kpjncw
tbmt\Ýhmamw {LnWm
lkvXm`yma\p[mcb³ {]hnXXw ]mZw XYm
Z£nWw
B]mcy izkt\\ Ip£nbpKfw _[zmi
ss\xtcNtb
tZjm ]mX\min\o \\p alm ap{Z \rWmw
t{]mNytX.
c­nsâbpw kwtbmK¯m ]caamb tZlw
e`n¡pw. hmbp aptJ\ iànsb Nen¸n¡pt¼mÄ cPÊv
BImis¯ {]m]n¡p¶p. kqcyt\mSv tNcp¶p. At¸mÄ
icocw ZnhyamIp¶p. c­nsâbpw GIo`mhadnbp¶
h\mWv ASp¯Xv. alm ap{ZbmWv. AXns\¸än ]dbmw.
lrZbw XmSnsIm­aÀ¯n CSXp Imense D¸qänsIm­v
tbm\n Øm\aaÀ¯n \o«nb atä¡m ]nSn¨v c­p
Ip£nIsfbpw _Ôn¨v \nd¨p \ndp¯nb izmkw
kmh[m\w shfnbntebv¡v hnSWw. Cu ap{Zsb ]m]-
\min\nbmb almap{Zsb¶v ]dbp¶p.
 491
I 94. AY Bß \nÀ®bw hyJytkylrZnØmt\
AjvS Zf ]ßw hÀ¯tX. X·t²y tcJm hebw
IrXzm Pohmßm cq]w tPymXncq]mWp am{Xw
hÀ¯tX. Xkvan³ kÀhw {]Xnjv T nXw `hXn.
k Àh w Pm\ mXn. kÀ h w I tcmX n. k À hta
X¨cnXalw IÀ¯m lw t`màm kpJo ZpJo
ImWx JRvtPm _[ntcm aqIx Irix Øqex
At\\ {]ImtcW kzX{´hmtZ\ hÀ¯tX.
]qÀh Ztf hn{iatX ]qÀhw Zfw tizXhÀ®w
XZm `à n ]pcÊcw [ À½aXnÀ`hXn. bYm
BtábZtf hn{iatX XZmtábZfw càhÀ®w
XZm \n{ZmekyaXnÀ `hXn. bZm Z£nW Ztf
hn{iatX X±p£nW Zfw IrjvW hÀ®w XZm
tZzj tI m] aX nÀ `h Xn. bZ m ] ÝnaZtf
hn{iatX XXv ]ÝnaZtf hn{iatX XXv ]Ýna
Zf, kv^SnI hÀ®w XZm {IoUm hnt\mtZ aXnÀ
`hXn. bZm hmbhyZtf hn{iatX hmbhy Zfw
amWnIyhÀ®w XZmKat\ Ne\ sshcmKyaXnÀ
`hXn. btZm¯cZtf hn{iatX XZp¯c Zfw
]oXhÀ®w XZm kpJ irwJmcaXnÀ `hXn. bZm
Cuim\ Ztf hn{iatX XZoim\ Zfw sshUqcy
hÀ®w XZmZm\mXn Ir]m aXnÀ `hXn. bZm
kÔnjp ]XnÀ `hXn. XZm hmX]n¯ tÇjva
alm hym[n {]tImt]m `hXn. bZm at[y XnjvTXn
XZm kÀhw Pm\mXn, Kmb{Xn, \rXyXn, B\µw,
I tc m X n. bZ m t\ {X {i t am `h X n. {i a
\nÀlcWmÀ°w {]YatcJm hebw IrXzm at[y
\naÖ\w IpcptX. {]Ya tcJm _kqI ]pjv]
hÀ®w XZm \n{Z hØm `hXn. \n{Zmh Øm at[y
kzh\mhØm `hXn. kz]v\mhØamt[y ZrjvS
{ipXm\pam\ kw`hhmÀ¯m CXymZn Iev]\mw
ItcmXn. XZmZn {itam `hXn. {ia\nÀlc
WmÀ°w ZznXob tcJmhebw IrXzm at[y
\naÖ\w IpcptX ZznXob tcJm C{µ Nm]
hÀ®w XZm kpjp]vXyhØm `hXn. kpjp]vXu
tIhe ]ctaizc kw_Ôn \o _p²nÀ`hXn.
\nXy t_m[ kzcq]m `hXn. XrXob tcJmhebw
IrXzm at[y \naÖ\w IpcptX. XrXob tcJm
] ßc mK h À® w X Zm X p cobmh Øm `h Xn.
Xpcotb tIhe ]camß kw_Ôn\o `hXn.
\nXyt_m[ kzcq] `hXn. XZm iss\x iss\
cq]ctaZv _p²ym [rXn KrloX amßkwØw
a\x IrXzm \ Inw NnZ]n Nn´tb¯Zm {]mWm
]m\tbmsscIyw IrXzm kÀhw hnizamßkz
cqt]W e£yw [mcbXn. bZm XpcnbmXoXhØm
XZm kÀthjm am\µ kzcqt]m `hXn Zzµzm
X otX m `h X n bmh t±l [ mc W h À ¯ tX
Xmh¯njvTXn ]ÝmXv ]camß cqt]W {]m]vXnÀ
`hXn CXyt\\ {]ImtcW tamt£m `hXoZta
N P
hmß ZÀit\m]mbx `h´n NXpjv]Ykambpà K
almZzmcK hmbp\m klØnX {XntImWmÀ²
Kat\ ZriytX ANypXx
XpSÀ¶v Bßmhnsâ \nÀ®bs¯¡pdn¨v ]dbmw.
lrZb Øm\¯v AjvSZf ØnXnsN¿p¶p. AXnÂ
tcJIsf B{ibn¨v Pohmßmhmb tPymXnx kzcq]w
AWpam{X cq]¯n hkn¡p¶p. kIeXp AXne
S§p¶p. AXv kIeXpw Adnbp¶p. AXpXs¶ FÃmw
sN¿ p¶p; Nn´ n¡ p¶p R m³ k Ie ¯ nsâ bpw
IÀ¯mhpw t`màmhpw kpJnbpw ZpxJnbpw JRvP \pw
_[nc\pw aqI\pw Iri\pw Øqe\pw BIp¶p. C§s\
AXv kzX{´ambn s]cpamdp¶p. B Iae¯nsâ ]qÀh
Zfw shfp¯XmWv. AXn hkn¡p¶Xn\m _p²n
`ànbnepw [À½¯nepw ]Xnbp¶p. Btáb Zn¡nse
tizX Zf¯n hkn¡pt¼mÄ _p²n \n{Zbnepw
Beky¯nepw s]Sp¶p. heXp `mKs¯ IrjvW Zf¯n-
emIpt¼mÄ tZmjtIm]mZnIfn s]Sp¶p. ss\IrX
Zn¡nepff \oehÀ®¯nemIpt¼mÄ _p²n ]m]IÀ
½¯nepw lnwk bnepw s]Sp¶p. ]Ýna`mKs¯
kv^ SnI hÀ®¯nemIpt¼mÄ _p²n{IoUm ht\mZm
ZnIfn s]Sp¶p. hmbhy tImWnepff amWnIy kZriy
Zf¯n hkn¡pt¼mÄ Ne\w sshcmKy `mh\ F¶nh
bn _p²n t]mIp¶p. hS¡p `mKs¯ ]oXhÀ®
Zf¯n hkn¡pt¼mÄ kuJy irwKmcmZnIfn _p²n
t]mIp¶p. Cuim\ tImWnepff sshUqcy cXv\Xp
eyamb Zf¯n hkn¡pt¼mÄ Zm\mZnIfnepw Zbbnepw
_p²n hy]cn¡p¶p. kÔnIfpsS kÔnbn _p²n
t]mIpt¼mÄ hmXw ]n¯w I^w F¶o almtcmK§
fpsS tIm]w D­mIp¶p. a[y`mK¯p \n¡pt¼mÄ
FÃmw Adnbm\pw Km\w \r¯w A[yb\w ChbnÂ
s]Sm\pw _p²n¡p Ignbp¶p. I®n\v {iaw t\cnSp
t¼mÄ AXv \o¡m³ {]Ya tcJm a[y¯n AXv
\nhÖ\w sN¿p¶p. X¶nan¯w \n{ZmhØ D­mIp¶p.
B {]Ya tcJ sN¼c¯n¸qhnsâ \ndapffXmWv;
\n{ZhØbpsS a[y¯nepffXmWv kz]v \ mhØ.
kz]v\¯n I­Xpw tI«Xpw A\pam\n¡s¸«Xpamb
Imcy§Ä k¦ev]n¡s¸Spt¼mÄ {iaw A\p`hs¸Sp¶p.
B {iaw ZqcoIcn¡phm³ c­mw imJbpsS a[y¯nÂ
a p§ p¶ p. A Xns â \ndw a gh nÃns\ m¯ Xm Wv .
kpjp]vXnbn _p²n Cuizc kw_Ôambpw \nXyt_m
[\ kzcq]ambpw Ccn¡p¶p. AXpsIm­v ]n¶oSv
Cuizc {]m]vXnbpw D­mIp¶p. ]ßcmK¯nsâ \ndap
ff c­mas¯ imJbpsS a[y¯n s]Spt¼mÄ
XpcobmhØ ssIhcp¶p. At¸mÄ _p²n ]camßmhp
ambn _ÔapffXpw \nXy t_m[kzcq]hpw Bbn¯o
cp¶p. At¸mÄ ]Xps¡¸Xps¡ kIeXnepw \n¶v
`n¶ambn ss[cyt¯msS a\Êns\ Bßmhnepd¸n¨v
A\\y Nn´tbmsSbncn¡Ww. At¸mÄ {]mW³
A]m\\n GIo`hn¨v kIe hnizs¯bpw Bß
 492
I kzcq]ambn IcpXn AXns\ e£oIcn¡p¶p. Xpcobmh
Ø ssIhcpt¼mÄ FÃmw B\µ kzcq]ambn Zzµz
`mhw \jvSs¸Sp¶p. AXn\ptijw t_m[w ]qÀ®amIp
¶Xp hsc Poh³ tZl¯n Xs¶ X§pIbpw ]camß
XXz¯n hnebw {]m]n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. CXp
Xs¶bmWv tam£{]m]vXn¡pff hgn, Cu amÀ¤¯nÂ
IqSn¯s¶ BßZÀi\w e`n¡p¶p. NXpjv]Zbpà-
anà alm Zzmc¯n t]mIp¶ hmbphns\msSm¸w hkn¨v
AÀ² {XntImW¯n IqSn ANypXs\ ImWm³
km[n¡pw.
95. ]qÀthmà {XntImW Øm\m Zp]cn
]rYn hymZn ]©h®Iw t[ybw
{]mWm Zn ]©hmbpÝ _oPw hÀ®w
N Øm\Iw
bImcw {]mW _oPw N \oe PoaqX k¶n`w
cImcaán _oPw N A]m\mZnXy k¶n`w.
96. eImcw ]rYznho cq]w hym\w
_kqI k¶n`w
hImcw Poh _oPw N DZm\w iwJ h˨Iw
97. l¦mcw hnbÕzcq]w N kam\w
kv^SnI {]Zw
lr¶m`n \m km IÀ®m N ]mZmw Kpjv TmZn
kwØnXm.
98. Zznk]XXn kl{kmWn \mUnhÀt¤jvT
hÀ¯tX
AjvSm hnwiXn tImSojvT tcmaIpt]jp
kwØnXm.
99. kam\ {]mW GIkvXp Pohx k GI
Gh lnx
tcN ImZn{Xbw IpcymXv ZrV Nn¯x
kmalnXx
100. iss\x kakvX amIrjy]rXv ktcmcp
hntImStc
{]mWm]m \u Xp _[zmXp {]Whth\
kap¨tcXv.
]qÀthmàamb {XntImW Øm\¯n\p apIfnembn
A©p hÀ§tfmSp IqSnb ]rYzn XpS§nb XXz§Ä
[ym\n¡s¸tS­hbmWv. bImcw hmbp cq]¯nepff
{]mWsâ _oPamWv. AXv ImÀtaL kZriysas{X. "c'
Imcw BZnXy cq]¯nepff hym\\mWv. AXn\v sN¼
c¯n ]qhnsâ \ndamWv. "h' Imcw iwJhÀ®¯nepff
Pecq]amb DZm\sâ _oPamWv. "l' Imcw kv^ SnI
hÀ®¯nepff BImi¯n\pXpeyamWv. lrZbw, \m`n,
N Q
\mknI, sNhn, Imense Xffhnc F¶nh kam\sâ
K
Øm\§fmWv. Cu kam\ hmbp Fgp]¯ocmbncw
\mUnIfnepw icoc¯nsâ tcmaIq]§fnepw hkn¡p
¶p. kam\\pw {]mW\pw H¶pXs¶. AXpXs¶
GI\mb Poh³. a\Êv th­hn[w kamlcn¨v tcNIw
Ipw`Iw ]qcIw aq¶pw sNt¿­Xp­v. FÃmw kmh[m\w
BIÀjn¨v lrZbIae¯n {]mWhmbphns\bpw
\ntcm[n¨v {]Whw D¨cn¡Ww.
101. IWvT kt¦mN\w IrXzm
enwKkt¦mN\w XYm
aqem[mc kpjpav\m N ]ZvaX´p \n`m ip`m
102. AaqÀt¯m hÀ¯tX \mtZm hoWm ZWvU
kap°nXx
iwJ\mZm`nssÝh a[ytah [z\ncyYm
103. thymac{ÔKtXm \mtZm ambqcw \mZtah N
I]meI ltc at[y NXpÀ Zzmcky a[yta
104. XZmßm cmPtX X{X bYm thymav\n ZnhmIcx
tImZWvU Zzbat[y Xp {_Òct{Ôjp
iànXx
105. kzmßm\w ]pcpjw ]tÝy·\ kvX{X
ebw KXw
cXv\m\n tPymÕv\n \mZw Xp _nµp
amtlizcw ]Zw
b Ghw thZ ]pcpjx k ssIheyw
kaiv\ptX
CXyp]\njXv.
IWvThpw enwKhpw kt¦mNn¸n¨v aqem[mc¯nÂ
\n¶pw Xmac\q t]mse ]pds¸Sp¶ kpjpav \ m
\mUnsb kt¦mNn¸n¡Ww. At¸mÄ hoWbn \n¶pw
]pds¸Sp¶ AaqÀ¯ \mZw A\p`hs¸Spw. AXnsâ
a[y¯n iwJmZn\mZw t]mepff [z\n apg§pw.
Iamea[y¯ n NXpÀ Zzmc§fpsS a[yØ m\w
ØnXnsN¿p¶p. AhnsS BImi c{Ô¯n IqSn
t]mIp¶ \mZw abnensâ i_vZ ¯n\p XpeyamWv.
BImi¯n kqcy³ {]Imin¡p¶Xpt]mse AhnsS
Bßmhv tim`n¡p¶p. {_Òc{Ô¯n c­phnÃpI-
fpsS at[y iàn tim`n¡p¶p. AhnsS ]pcpj³ Xsâ
a\Êv ebn¸n¨v Bßmhns\ ImWpI. AhnsS cXv\
tPymXnÊmIp¶ \mZ_nµp atlizcsâ ]ZamWv AXv
Adnbp¶h³ ssIheyw {]m]n¡p¶p. F¶v D]\nj
¯pIÄ hyàam¡p¶p.
[ym\_nµq]\nj¯v Ahkm\n¸n¨p.
P
 493
I K
1 Z£n-Wm-aqÀ¯yp-]-\n-j¯v 3
im´n-]mTw
Hmw kl \mh-hXpw kl \u `p\àp kl
hocyw Ic-hm-h-ssl. tXPkzn \mh-[o-X-a-kvXp. am
hnZzn-jm-hssl. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
]c-{_Òw Kpcp injy-·m-cmb \½Ä c­p-t]-scbpw
c£n-¡tW. ]cn-]m-en-¡-s«. c­p t]cpw Hcp-an¨p Ign-hp-
IÄ t\S-tW. R§-fpsS A[y-b\w tXtPm-a-b-am-ItW.
R§Ä ]c-k] v cw hntZzjw Ie- cm-Xn-cn-¡tW. Hmw im´nx
im´nx im´nx
1. Hmw {_Òm-hÀt¯ alm-`m-Þo-c-h-S-aqte alm-
k-{Xmb ktaXm alÀjbx iu\-Im-Zb kvtX l
kanXv ]mÞ- b - k v X Xz PnÚ m- k thm amÀ¡-
tÞbw Nncw-Po-hn\w D]-k-taXy ]{]Ñpx tI\Xzw
Nncw Poh-kn. tI\ hm B\µ a\p-`-hkn CXn.
{_Òm-hÀ¯-¯n alm- `m-Þo-cw F¶p t]cpÅ hS-
hr-£-¯ nsâ Nph-«n al¯pw ZoÀL-Imew \o­p
\n¡p-¶- Xp-amb alm- bÚw \S-¯m³ th­n iu\- I³
XpS- §nb ap\n-amÀ kt½-fn-¨p. XXz-Pn- Úm-k-tbmsS kanXv
]mWn-I-fmbn AhÀ Nncw-Po-hn-bmb amÀ¡-tÞ- bs\ kao-
]n¨v tNmZn¨p: A§v F§-s\-bmWv Nnc-RvPo-hn-bm-bXv?
F§n-s\-bmWv B\µw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶Xv?
]c-a-c-l -k y-i o-h- X-¯ z-Úm-t\-t \Xn
k tlm hmN
]c-a-c-l-ky-amb inh-X-¯z-Úm-\¯
- m-emWv F¶v
At±lw adp-]Sn \ÂIn.
3. Inw XXv ]c-a-c-lk
- y-in-h-X¯
- z-Úm-\w, X{XtIm
tZhx tI a{´mx tIm P]x Im ap{Zm Iv \njvTm
Inw XXv Úm\-km-[ \w Ix ]cn-Icx tIm_enx
Ix Imex Inw XXv Øm\-anXn
alÀjn-amÀ tNmZn¨p: B ]c-a-c-lk
- y-amb inh-X-Xz-
Úm-\-sa-´mWv? AXnsâ tZh-\mcv? a{´- ta-XmWv? Phw
GXmWv? ap{Z GXmWv? Úm\- e-_v[n¡v A\p- jTv n-t¡­
km[-\-sb´v? \njvT-sb´v? BØ F´v? _en F´mWv?
FXmWv Imew? Øm\-sa´v?
4. k tlmhmN tb\ Z£n-W m-apJx inthm f
]tcm-£o-IrtXm `h-Xn, XXv ]ca cl-kyw. inh
X¯z- Úm- \w.
amÀ¡-tÞ-b ³ ]dªp: Z£n-W m-a p-J ³ F¶p
t]cpÅ inh³ GsXm¶p sIm­mtWm Zrãn tKmN-c-\m-
N P
bn-¯o-cp- ¶Xv AXp-X-s¶- bmWv ]c-a-c-l-ky-amb inh-X-¯z-
Úm\w
5. bx kÀthm ]cta Imte kÀhm-\ym-ß-\yp-]-
kw-lrXym kzmßm-\-µ-kptJ tamZtX {]Im-itX
hm k tZhx
kI-et- em-I§
- -fp-sSbpw Ah-km-\-L-«-¯n kÀh-N-
cm-N-c-§fpw X¶n kam-l-cn¨v kzbw Bßm-\-µk - p-J-
¯n {]k-¶-Nn-¯-\mbn kzbw {]Im-i-\m-bn-cn-¡p¶
tZh³ Xs¶- bmWv Cu XXz- Úm- \-e-_v[n¡v Bcm- [n- t¡­
tZh³.
6. Ass{XtX a{´-c-lk - y-tÇmIm `h-´n. Aky-
{in-ta[m Z£n-W m-aqÀ¯n-a-{´ky {_Òm Ejnx
Kmb{Xo Oµx tZhXm Z£n-Wmkyx at{´mWmw
K\ymkx
ChnsS a{´-§-fpsS clkyw shfn-hm-¡p¶ tÇmI-
§Ä CXm-þCu ta[m Z£nWm aqÀ¯n a{´-¯nsâ Ejn
{_Òm-hpw, OµÊv Kmb-{Xn-bpw, tZhX Z£n- Wm-ap-J-\p-am-
Ip-¶p. a{´w sIm­v AwK-\ymkw sN¿p-I.
7. Hmw. BZu \ma D¨mcy XtXm `K-htX ]Zw
Z£n- t WXn ]Zw ]Ým- · pÀ¯tb ]Z- a - ² - t cXv
Akva-Ñ -_ vZ-N -X pÀ°y´w ta[mw {]Úmw ]Zw
htZ-Xv. kap-¨ mcy XtXm hmbp _oPw Ñx XXx
]tTXvx Aán Pmbmw XX-kvtXmj NXpÀhnwimw-
£tcm a\px
BZyw Hmw \ax F¶p-¨c - n¨v `K-htX F¶pw ]n¶oSv
Z£nWm F¶pw ]ns¶ aqÀ¯tb F¶pw ]ns¶ AkvaZv
i_vZ-¯nsâ NXpÀ°n GI-hN - \
- -amb alyw F¶pw
]ns¶ ta[mw {]Úmw F¶o ]Z-§fpw D¨-cn-¡p-I. {]
F¶p-¨-cn¨v hmbp-hn³s^ _oP-a-{´-amb b bpw Ñ F¶
i_vZhpw D¨-cn-¡p-I. ]n¶oSv Aán-bpsS ]Xv\n-bmb
kzml F¶p ]d-bp-I. CXmWv Ccp-]-¯n-\me A£- c-apÅ
a{´w. AXm-bXv Hmw \tam `K-htX Z£n-Wm-aqÀ¯tb
alyw ta[mw {]Úw {]bÑ kzml F¶ a{´w sNmÃp-I.
8. [ym\w
kv^Sn-I-c-P -X-hÀ®w auàn-Io-a-£-amem
aarX Ie-i-hnZymw Úm\-ap{Zmw Icmt{K
Z[-Xa
- p-c-K-I£w N{µ-NqUw {Xnt\{Xw
hn[rX hnhn-[-`q-jw-Z-£n-Wm-aqÀ¯n-ao-tU.
 494

I kv^Sn- I-a- Wn-Xp-eyhpw cPXw t]msebpw shfp¯ \nd- Aán ]Xv\n-bmb kzmlm F¶p D¨-cn-¡-Ww. AXm-bXv
K
ap-Å-h\pw ap¯p-P-]-am-ebpw Icm-{K-¯n Aar-X-I-e-i- Hmw {_qw \ax {low sFw Z£nWm aqÀ¯tb Úm\w
hn-Zy-bm-Ip¶ Úm\ap-{Zbpw [cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw I£- tZln kzmlm F¶ Aã-Z-im-£c bpà-amb a\p a{´w
¯n kÀ¸-§sf AWn-ª-h\pw N{µ-¡-em-[-c\pw ap¡- D¨-cn-¡-aw.
®\pw hnhn-[- `q-j- W-§Ä [cn- ¨n-cn-¡p-¶-h-\p-amb Z£n- Wm-
13. `kva-hym-]mÞp cmwKx iin-i-Ie [tcm-Úm-
aqÀ¯nsb Rm³ kvXpXn-¡p-¶p.
\-ap-{Zm-£ -amem
at{´W \ymkx hoWm ]pkvs sXÀ hncm-P-XvI-c-I-a-e-[tcm tbmK-
9. BZ\ thZmZn ap¨mcy ]-«m-`n-cmax
kzcmZyw khn-kÀ¤Iw hmJym-]otT \njt®m ap\n-h-c-\n-Isscx
]©mÀ®w XXv D²yXy tkhy-am\x {]k¶x
A´cw khn-kÀ¤m-ßIw khymew Ir¯n hmkmx kX-X-a-h-\ pt\m Z£n-
Wm-a qÀ¯n-c oix
At´ kap-²-tc-¯mcw a\p-tcj \hm-£cx
`kva-te-]-\- ¯m shfp¯ ico- c-t¯mSp IqSn- b-h\pw
a{´w sIm­pÅ \ymkw BZyw thZ-¯nsâ BZym-
iin-I-em-[-c\pw Ic-Ia- -e¯
- n Úm\-ap-{Zbpw cp{Zm-£-
£- c-amb Hm¦m-chpw ]n¶oSv kzc-§-fpsS khn-kÀ¤-amb
am-ebpw hoWbpw ]pkvX-Ihpw [cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-h\pw tbK-
BZym-£- chpw (A,-D,-a) Hmw F¶ {]W-h-a-{´s¯ ]n¶oSv
]-«-[m-cnbpw hymJym-]o-T-Øn-X\pw t{ijvT-a p-\n-am-cmÂ
]©mÀ®w AXm- bXv Z£nWmaqÀ¯n F¶ i_vZ-s¯bpw
tkhy-am-\\pw {]k-¶\pw kÀ¸-§-fm {]tim-`n-X\pw
AXn-s\-¯p-SÀ¶v hnkÀ¤-t¯msS A´cw i_vZ-s¯bpw
hym{L-NÀ½ [mcnbpw Bb Z£n-Wm-aqÀ¯n R§sf
HSp-hn Xmcw AXm-bXv Hmw F¶pw D¨-cn-¡- Ww. Cu \hm-
]men-¡-s«.
£- c-amWv a\p-a{´w F¶p ]d-bs - ¸-Sp-¶-Xv. Hmw Ax Z£n-
Wm-aqÀ¯y-´cx Hmwx 14. at{´W \ymkx ({_-Ò Àjn \ymkw) Xmcw
]cwcam-_ oPw htZ-X v, kmw_-i n-h mb N Xp`yw
10. ap{Zmw `{ZmÀ°-Zm{Xow k]-ci - p-l-cnWw _mlp-
Nm\-e-Pmbmw N a\pÀZzm-Z-i-hÀ®I
`nÀ_m-lp-t aIw
Pm\zm-kàw Z[mt\m `qP-K-_n-e-ka - m-_-²I
- - BZyw Hmw {low {iow F¶v ]d-bW
- w. ]ns¶ kmw_-
t£ym-hSm[x in-hmb F¶p ]ns¶ Xp`yw F¶p HSp-hn kzmlm F¶p
]d-bW- w. CXv ]{´­v A£-c-apÅ a\p-a-{´-am-Wv. (Hmw
Bko-\-Ý-{µ-NqUx {]Xn-L-Sn-X-PSx £c
{low {iow kmw_ inhmb Xp`ymw kzmlm)
Kuckv{Xn t\t{Xm ZZym-ZmZyw ipIm-ssZyÀ ap\n-
`n-c`- n-hrtXm `mh-ip²ow `thm \x 15. hoWmw Isscx ]pkvX-I-a-£-amemw
_n{`m-W-a-\{- Zm-`-Kfw hcmVyw
ipI³ XpS-§nb alÀjn-am-cm tkhn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-
h\pw Hcp ssI¿n A`-b-ap{Z atä ssIbn ]c-ip, am³ ^Wo-{µ-I£yw ap\n`nx ipImssZyx
F¶nh [cn-¨n-«p-Å-h\pw Hcp ssI PwL- bn sh¨-h\pw tkhyw hSm[x IrX-\o-U-aotUx
hS-hr-£- Np-h-«n Ccn-¡p-¶-h\pw ]m¼p- IÄ hnl-cn-¡p¶
Ic-§-fm hoWbpw ]pkvX-Ihpw A£-c-am-ebpw
ico-c-t¯mSp IqSn-b-h\pw N{µ-¡-e- bm tim`n-X-amb PSm-
IWvT -¯ n cp{Zm-£ -a m-e bpw [cn-¨ n-«p-Å -h \pw Hcp
`mcw tNÀ¶-h\pw ]m t]mse shfp¯ \nd-amÀ¶-h\pw
ssIbn A`-b-Zm-\-ap-{Z-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h\pw ImÀta-L-k-am-
{Xnt\-{X\pw BZn-`-K-hm-\p-amb inh³ \ap¡v `mh-ip²n
\-amb tImaf IWvT-t¯mSp IqSn-b-h\pw AXn-t{i-jvT\pw
\ÂI-s«.
kÀ¸-§-fm A-ew-Ir-X-i-co-c\pw ipIm-Zn-ap\n hc-·m-cmÂ
11. at{´mW \ymk:þ {_ÒÀjn \ymk:þ Xmcw ]cn-tk-hn-X\pw hS-hr-£-Np-h-«n hncm-Pn-¡p-¶-h-\p-amb
{_qw\ax D¨mcy ambmw hmKv`-h-tah N Z£oWm `K-hm³ i¦-cs\ Rm³ \a-kI v -cn-¡p-¶p.
]Z-ap-¨mcy XXx kym·qÀ¯tb ]Zw
16. hnjv W px Ejnx A\p- ã p- ] v O µx tZhXm
12. Úm\w tZln ]Zw ]Ým-Zz-Ón-Pmbmw XtXm Z£nWmkyx at{´-W-\ymkx Xmcw \tam `K-htX
\ymtkXv a\p-c-ãm-Zi
- mÀt®m-Sbw kÀh-a-t{´jvT Xp`yw hS-]Zw XXx apteXn ]Z-ap-¨mcy hmknt\
tKm]nXw ]Z-ap-² -tcXv
Hmw {_q \ax F¶p-¨-cn¨v amb AXm-bXv {low 17. {]Ú-ta[m ]Zw ]Ým-Zm-Zn-k n²ow XtXm f
hmKv `h AXm-bXv sFw F¶pw Z£nW ]Zw F¶p htZXv
]dªv aqÀ¯tb F¶pw Úm\w tZln F¶pw HSp-hn Zmbnt\ ]Z-ap-¨m-cy-am-bnt\ \a D²-tcXv
N P

I 18. hmKo-imb XXx ]Ým
·lm-Úm-\-]Zw XXx
hán Pmbmw XX-kvtXzj
Zzm{Xnw-iZ- zÀ® tIma\px
A\p-ã pt`m a{´-cmPx
kÀh-a- t{´m-¯ -tam-¯aw
BZyw Hmw \tam `Kth Xp`yw F¶pw ]n¶oSv hS
i_vZhpw ]n¶oSv aqe-i-_vZhpw ]ns¶ hmknt\ F¶pw
D¨-cn¨v {]Úm-ta-t[m-]Z- hpw AXn-\p-tijw BZn-kn²n
F¶pw D¨-cn-¡-Ww. ]ns¶ Zmbnt\ F¶v ambnt\ \ax
F¶ ]Zhpw tNÀ¡-Ww. HSp-hn kzmlm F¶p-¨c - n-¡p-
I. A§s\ Hmw \tam `K-htX Xp`yw hS-aq-e-hm-knt\
{]Úm-ta- [mZn kn²n-Zm-bnt\ ambnt\ \ax hmKo- imb alm-
Úm-\mb kzmlm CXnsâ Rjn hnjvWphpw NµÊv
A\p-ãbpw tZhX Z£n-Wm-ap-J\pw BWv. Cu a{´w Gsd
t{ijvT-am-W.v
19. ap{Zm ]pkvXI - -h-Ón-\mK hne-k-Zv_mlpw
{]k-¶m-\\w
apàm-lm-c-hn-`q-jWw iin-Iem
`mkz-XvIn-co-tSm-Pzew 22. KmV Xman-{k-kw-imss´y
AÚm-\m-]l - -am-Zn- am-Zna Kncm-aÀ°w
`hm-\o-]Xnw
\yt{Km-[m-´-\n-hmkn \w ]c-Kpcpw
[ymbmay `nãm-]vXtb
Úm\m-`-b-ap-{Z-IÄ ]pkvXIw Aán, kÀ¸w, F¶n-h-
bm tim`n-¡p¶ ssII-tfmSp IqSn-b-h\pw apàm-lm-c-`q-
jn-X\pw N{µ-¡-em-¦n-X-amb Inco-S-¯m tim`n-X\pw
AÚm-\-\m-i-I\pw BZn ]pcp-j\pw hmK-Xo-X\pw ]mÀh-
Xo-Im-´\pw kÀh-Kp-cphpw hS-hr-£- aqe hmknbpw Bb
inhs\ Rm³ A`o-ã-kn-²n-¡mbn [ym\n-¡p-¶p.
20. a\- \ - a p{Zm tkm f lanXn bmh- Z m- Ø nXnx
k\njvTm `hXn XZ-t`-tZ\ a{´m-t{am-U\w Úm\-
km-[\w Nnt¯ XtZ-I-Xm-\Xm ]cn-Icx AwK-tN-
ãmÀ¸Ww _enx {XoWn [mam\n Imex ZzmZ-im-´-
]Zw Øm\- a nXn tX l ]p\x {i±- [ m-\ mkvX w
{]XyqNpx IYw hm f tkymZbxInw kzcq]w
tImhm Aky D]m-kI CXn. k tlm hmN sshcm-
Ky-ssXe k¼qÀt®
`àn hÀ¯n ka-\zntX
{]t_m-[-] qÀ®-]mt{X Xp
Úm]vXn Zo]w hntem-I-tbXv
Rm³ ]c-{_Òw Xs¶- bmWv F¶ Nn´m-KXn acWw
hsc D­m-bn-cn-¡-Ww. AXp Xs¶ {_Ò-\n-jvT. ]c-{_-Ò- _p²n-X-s¶-bmWv. ]c-a-X- Xzm-`n-e-£-W-¯n km£m-XvIm-
¯n \n¶v `n¶-a-söp IcpXn ]qÀ®- sa¶v Icp- X-s¸- Sp¶ c¯nsâ apJw tNÀ¶Xv Z£n-Wm-ap-J³ F¶v {_Ò-hm-Zn-
N P
495
a{´-§Ä \nc-´cw Dcp-hn-«p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶-XmWv Úm\- K
km-[-\w. Nn¯-¯m B ]c-a-X-Xz-¯n GIm-{K-X-tbmsS
[ym\n-¡p-¶-XmWv ]cn-Ic - w. AwK-tN-ã-I-fpsS kaÀ-¸-W-
amWv _en. `K-h-XvIm-cy-§-fn Ic-W-N-c-Wm-Zn-IÄ Nen-
¸n-¡p-¶-XmWv ]qP. Øqew kq£vaw _oP-cq]w F¶o
aq¶p [ma-§-fmWv Imew. ZzmZ-im-´-]-Zw. AXm-bXv kl-
{k-Z-f-I-aew Xs¶.-bmWv ]cam-ßm-hns\ {]m]n-¡m-\pÅ
Øm\w {i²m-bp- à- cmb alÀjn- amÀ _oPw amÀ¡tÞb-
t\mSv tNmZn¨p: CXv F§s\ DZbw sN¿p¶p? AXnsâ
kzcq-]-sa´v? CXnsâ D]m-k-I-\m-cmWv? amÀ¡tÞ-b³
]dªp. sshcm-Ky-am-Ip¶ F®-bm \ndª `àn-bm-Ip-
¶-Xn-cn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb Úm\-]m-{X-¯n Ú]vXn-bm-Ip¶
Zo]-s¯-Im-Wp-¶p. AXm-bXv ssh-cmKy`ànbpw Úm
\hpw sIm­mWv Cuiz-c-ZÀi\w e`n-¡p-¶ -Xv . Xsâ
DÅnepw Ncm-N-c-§-fnepw hym]-cn-¨n-cn-¡p¶ Cuiz-cs\
Xsâ Bßm-hp-Xs¶bmsW¶v Icp-Xp-¶-XmWv Ú]vXn.
21. tamlm-Ô-Imtc \nÊmtc
DtZXn kzb-tah ln
sshcm-Ky-a-cWnw IrXzm
Úm\w IrXzm XpNn-{XKpw
KqV-aÀ°w \nth-Z-tbXv
taml-`m-\p-P- kw- {Im´w
hnth-ImJyw arI-Þ pPw
23. XXz-hn-Nm-c]m ti\
_²w ssZzX-`b - m-Xpcw
DÖo-h-b-¶ n-Pm-\ tµ
kzkz-cq-t]W kwØnXx
kmc-lo-\hpw AÚm-\I - -ev]n-X-hp-amb AÔ-Im-c-
¯n B Zo]w kzbw DZbw sN¿p-¶p. sshcm-Kys¯
Ac-Wn- bm¡n Xsâ Úm\w aYn-¡p-hm- \pÅ CÔ-\-am- ¡n
XoÀ¡-Ww. AÚm-\m-Ô-Im-cw, \in-¸n-¡m³ ]c-a-XXzw
{Kln-¡-Ww. A`ym-kw-s¡mt­ ]c-a-XXzw ZÀin-¡m³
km[n- ¡q. t_m[-iq-\y-Xm-]m-i-¯m _²-amb ssZzX `mh-
`-b-¯m hymIp-ehpw taml-arXyp h{à-¯n ]Xn¨v
hnth-I-am-Ip¶ amÀ¡-tÞ-bs\ DÖo-hn-¸n¨v Bßm-cm-a-
Xz-am-Ip¶ ]c-am-\-µ¯
- n AXm-bXv kzkz-cq-]-¯nÂ
ØnXn sN¿m³ Ign-b-Ww.
24. tiapjo Z£nWm t{]màm
km bkym `o£tW apJw
Z£n-Wm-`n-apJx t{]màx inthm f ku
{_Ò-hm-Zn`nx
Z£nW {_Ò-{]-Im-i-Ihpw XXz-Úm-\m-ß- I-hp-amb
 496

I IÄ ]d-bp-¶p. inhs\ Dt±-in¨v Cu \maw {]kn-²-am-bn. bpsS D]m-k-\-I³.

25. kÀ¤m-Zn-Imte `K-hm³ hncn-©n-cp]m ssky\w
kÀ¤-km-aÀ°y-am]y XptXmj Nnt¯ hmRvO n-
XmÀ°mw- i Ý e_v [ zm [\yx tkm]m- t Iym- ] m-
ktIm `hXn [mXm
krãn-bpsS BZy-L«- -¯n `Km-h³ {_Òmhv Ct±-
ls¯ D]-tbm-K-s¸-Sp¯n krãn-¡m-\pÅ iàn t\Sp-
Ibpw Xsâ at\m-cYw km[n-¨-Xn k´p-ãN- n-¯-\m-bn-
¯o-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
B {_Òmhp Xs¶-bmWv D]m- ky- \mb Z£n- Wm- aqÀ¯n-
K
26. b Camw ]c-a-cl - -ky-in-h-X-Xz-hn-Zym-a-[otX
k kÀh-]m-t]t`ym aptàm `hXn b Ghw thZ
k ssIh-fy-a-\ p-`-h-Xo-X yp-] -\ n-jXv
hfsc cl-ky-amb Cu inh-XXz hnZy A[y-b\w
sN¿p-¶-h³ kÀh-]m-]-§-fn \n¶pw hnap-à-\m-Ip-¶p.
CXv th­-hn[w a\-Ên-em¡n AXv a\\w sN¿p-¶-hÀ
ssIheyw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p.
Z£n-Wm-aqÀ¯yp-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

1 tZhyp-]-\n-j¯v 3

im´n- ] mTw ]d-ªp-X-c-Ww. Ahn-S¶v BcmWv?' tZhn ]d-ªp, "Rm³

{_Ò kzcq-]n-Wn-bm-Ip-¶p. Imcy-Im-cW cq]hpw {]Ir-Xn-
Hmw `{Zw IÀt®`nx irWp-bma tZhm `{Zw
]p-cp-jm-ß-I-hp-amb Cu hnizw F¶n \n¶p-amWv D­m-
]tiy- a m- £ - ` o- c y- P {Xmx Ønssc- c w- s s Kkv X p
bn-«p-Å-Xv. Rm³ B\-µc - q-]n-Wnbpw B\-µc - -ln-X-cq-]n-Wn-
jvSphmw-k -kvX-\ p-`nÀhy-tia tZh-lnXw bZmbpx
bp-am-Ip-¶p. Rm³ hnÚm-\-ab - nbpw Ahn-Úm-\-a-bnbpw
kzkvXn \ Ct{µm hr²-{ihmx kzkvXn \ ]pjm-
BWv. Rm³ Adn-tb­ {_Òhpw {_Ò-¯n\pw AXo-X-
hn-iz-thZmx kzkvXn \ kvXmÀt£ym Acn-jvS-t\anx
bp-amWv F¶v AYÀhWo {ipXn ]d-bp-¶p.'
kzkvX n t\m _rl-k v] -X nÀZ-[mXp Hmw im´nx
im´nx im´nx 2. Alw ]©-`q-Xm-\ y-] -©-` q-Xm\n Al-a -Jnew
PKXv htZm-l-a-th-tZmlw hnZym-la hnZymlw APm-
tZh-·m-sc, R§Ä ImXp-sIm­v \ÃXp tIÄ¡p-am-
l-a-\P
- mlw A[-tÝmÀ[zw N XncyIv Nmlw Alw
dm-I-s«. I®p-IÄ sIm­v \ÃXp ImWm-\n-S-h-c-s«. kpZr-
cpt{Z- ` nÀh- k p- ` n- Ý - c m- a y- l - a m- Z n- s sXy- c pX hniz-
V- §- fmb AwK-§-fmepw tZlw sIm­pw \n§sf kvXpXn-
tZsshx Alw an{Xm-h -c p-Wm-hp`u _n`Àay-l-an-
¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡-s«. A§s\ tZh-·mÀ \nÝ-bn-¨n-«pÅ
{µmáo Al-a-izn-\m-hp`u Alw tkmaw XzjvSmcw
Bbp-Êp-ap-gp-h³ R§Ä A\p-`-hn-¡s - «. alm-IoÀ¯n-
]qjWw `Kw Z[m-aylw hnjvWpw Dcp-{Iaw {_Òm-
am-\mb C{µ³ R§Ä¡v \·-sN-¿-s«. ]pjmhv R§Ä¡v
W-apX {]Pm-]Xnw Z[man Alw Z[man {ZhnWw
\· sN¿-s«. _rl-kv]Xn R§Ä¡p \· sN¿-s«. Hmw
lhn- j v a tX kp{]mthy bP- a m- \ mb kp\ztX
im´nx im´nx im´nx
Alw cmjv{So kwK-a\o hkp-\m-alw kpth ]nX-
1. lcn Hmw kÀth ssh tZhm Zho-a p-] -XØpx c-aky apÀ[³ aa tbm\nx A]-kz-´m-k-apt{Z Ghw
Imkn Xzw alm-tZhn km A{_-ho-Zlw {_Ò-kz- thZ k tZho-]Z- a - m-]vt\m-Xn.
cq-]nWo a¯x {]-Ir-Xn-]p-cp-jm-ßIw PKXv iq\yw
Rm³ ]©-`q-X-§fpw A]-©-`q-X-§-fp-am-Wv. Cu
Nmiq\yw N Alw B\-µm-\m-\µmx hnÚm-\m-hn-
ImWp¶ Zriy-{]-]©w apgp-h\pw Rm\m-Wv. hnZybpw
Úmt\ Alw {_Òm {_ÒWo thZn- X thy
Ahn-Zybpw thZhpw Ath-Zhpw APbpw A\-Pbpw Rm³
CXymtlm AYÀhmWo {ipXox
Xs¶. apI-fnepw Xmsgbpw Rm³ Xs¶. Ccphi-§-fnepw
Hcp L«-¯n-Â tZh-·m-sc-Ãm-hcpw IqSn tZhnsb kao- Rm\m-Wv. Rm³ cp{Z-·m-cp-sSbpw hkp-¡-fp-sSbpw cq]-
]n¨v C§s\ tNmZn¨p:þ "tZhn, Ahn-S-s¯-¡p-dn¨v F\n¡v ¯n k©-cn-¡p-¶p. Rm³ BZnXy·mcp-sSbpw hniz-tZ-

N P
 497
I h-·m-cp-sSbpw cq]-¯n k©-cn-¡p-¶p. Rm³ Xs¶-bmWv
an{Xm-hc
- p-W·- m-scbpw C{µm-Zn-I-sfbpw Aiz-\o-tZ-hX- -I-
sfbpw kwc- £n-¡p- ¶-Xv. tkma³, ]qjm-hv, `K³, XzjvSmhv
F¶n-hsc Rm³ Xs¶-bmWv [cn-¡p-¶X - v. aq¶p-tem-I-
§fpw B{I-an-¡p-hm³ Rm³ ]mZw Nen-¸n-¡p-¶p. Rm³
hnjvWp-hn-s\bpw {_Òm-hn-s\bpw {]Pm-]X - n-sbbpw [cn-
¡p-¶p. tZh-·mÀ¡p th­n lhnÊpw tkmam-`n-tj-Ihpw
sN¿p¶ bP-am-\\p th­n Rm³ D]m-k-IÀ¡v [\-Zm-bn-
\n-bm-Wv, Úm\-a -X nbpw bÚ-§ -f psS \mbn-Ibpw
k¼qÀ®-hn-`-h-¯n-sâbpw A[o-iz-cn-bp-am-Wv. hniz-]n-Xm-
hmb BIm-is¯ ]c-am-ßm-hn\pw D]-cn-bmbn {]I-Sn-¸n-
¡p-¶Xv Rm³ Xs¶. Fsâ Øm\w Bß-cq-]-[m-cn-Wn-
bmb _p²n-bn-em-Ip-¶p. kap-{Zhpw Pe-hp-saÃmw Fsâ
kzcq-]-am-Ip-¶p. CX-dn-bp¶ Úm\n tZhn-bpsS ]Zs¯
{]m]n-¡p-¶p.
3. tX tZhm A{_p-h³ \tam tZsshy alm tZsshy
inhmssb kXXw \ax {]Ir- s sXy- ` - { Zmssb
\nbXmx {]WXmx kva Xmw
tZh-·mÀ ]dªp:þ "tZhn¡v \a-kvImcw alm-tZ-
hn¡pw inh\pw Fs¶¶pw \a-kvI m-cw. {]Ir-X nbpw
`{Zbpw awK-f-cq-]n-Wn-bp-amb tZhn¡v \a-kvIm-cw.'
4. Xmw Aán-hÀ®mw X]km Pze´ow |
sshtcm-N\nw IÀ½-^t- ejp PpjvSmw |
ZpÀ¤mw tZhnw ic-W-alw {]]tZy |
kpXcmw \mi-btX Xax |
5. tZhnw hmN-a-P-\-b´ tZhmkvXmw hniz-c q]mx
]ithm hZ´n kmt\m at{µjaqÀPw Zplm\m
t[\pÀhm-K-kvam-\p] kpjvSp-ssXXp
6. Imfn-cm{Xnw {_Ò-kX v pXmw sshjvWhow kvIµ-
am-X cw kc- k z-X o-a -Z nXn Z£-Z p-l n- X cmw \amax
]mh\mw inhmw.
7. alm-e£
- vaoÝ hnZvatl kÀh-kn-²nÝ [oaln
Xt¶m tZho {]tNm-Z-bmXv
8. AZn-XnÀly-P\
- njvS Z£bm ZplnXm XhXmw
tZhm A\z-Pm-b´ `{Zm Aar-X_- Ô
- hx
Aán- sb-t¸mse tXtPm-a-bnbpw Úm\-¯m {]Im-
i-am-\bpw IÀ½-^e - -kn-²n-¡mbn tkhy-am-\bpw Zo]vXn-a-
bn-bp-amb `K-hXn ZpÀ¤m-tZ-hnsb R§Ä icWw {]m]n-
¡p- ¶p.
ssZXy-\m-in-\n-bmb tZhn, Ahn-S-t¯¡v \a-kvIm-cw.
tZh-·m-cm krjvSn-¡s - ¸« sshJ-co-hm-Wn-hn-`n¶ coXn-
bn-epÅ {]mWn-IÄ D¨-cn-¡p-¶p. Ima-t[-\p-hn-s\-t¸mse
kpJ-Zm-bn-\nbpw A¶w _ew F¶n-hsb \ÂIp-¶-hfpw
hmWo-cq-]n-Wn- bp-amb tZhn R§-fpsS t{ijvT-amb kvXpXn-
bm k´p-jvS-bmbn R§-fpsS ap¶n {]Xy-£-s¸-S-s«.
N P
thZ§fm kvXpXn-¡ -s¸-«-hfpw Ime-\m-in-\nbpw K
hnjvWp iànbpw kc-kz-Xnbpw kvIµ-am-Xmhpw AZn-
Xnbpw Z£-I\ - y-I-bmb kXnbpw Ieym-W-a-bnbpw ]m]-
\m-in-\nbpw Bb `K-hX - nsb R§Ä \a-kvI-cn-¡p-¶p.
kÀh-iàn k¼-¶b - mb `K-hXn alm-e-£vansb
]cn-Nb
- -apÅ R§Ä tZhnsb kZm [ym\n-¡p-¶p. B
tZhn R§Ä¡v {]tNm-Z\w \ÂI-s«.
tl Z£-{]-Pm-]tX A§-bpsS ]p{Xnsb AZnXn
{]k-hn-¨-Xn\p tij-amWv Aar-X-Xz-Kp-W-hn-ti-j-t¯m-Sp-
Iq-Snb tZh-·mÀ krjvSn-¡s
- ¸-«-Xv.
9. Imtam tbm\nx Ima-Iem h{P-]mWn Kplm-lkm
amX-c n-izm-{`-an{µx ]p\ÀKplm kI-e m-am-bbm N
]p\x tImim hniz-amXm Znhn tZymw
Imaw, tbm\n, Ie, h{Ö-Kpl, hÀ®w, hmbp,
A{`w, h{P-]mWn, kIe cq]-hÀ®-amb Ch-sbÃmw B
PK-Ö-\-\n-bp-sS {_Òcq]n-Wn-bmb aqe-hn-Zy-bm-Wv.
10. Gjm Bßm-iànx Gjm hniz-tam-ln\n ]mim-
¦p-i-[\pÀ_mW-[cm Gjm {ioalm hnZymb Ghw
thZ k timIw XcXn \akvtX AkvXp `K-hXo
`hXn amX-ck
- vam³ ]mXp kÀhXx
tZhn, hniz-tam-ln-\nbpw ]mim-¦pc [\pÀ _mW-[m-
cn-Wnbpw Bb ]c-{_-Ò-i-àn-bm-Ip-¶p. tZhn Xs¶-bmWv
{io alm-hnZy C§s\ Adn-bp-¶-h³ timI-k-´m-]-¯nÂ
\n¶pw apà-\m-Ip-¶p. PK-·m-Xm-th, Ahn-St- ¯¡v \a-
kvIm-cw. tZhn, FÃm hn[-¯nepw R§sf c£n-¨m-epw.
11. sskjm AjvSu hkhx sskjm GIm-Zi - c
- p-
{Zm, sskjm ZzmZ-im-ZnXymx sskjm hniz-tZhmx
tkma]m Atkm-a -] mÝ sskjm bmXp [m\m
Akpcm c£mwkn ]nimN b£-Ik - n²m sskjm
kXz-c-Px-kvX -amwkn sskjm {]Pm-]-Xo-{µ-a-\hx
sskjm {Klm \£{X tPymXnwjo Iem- I m-
jvTmZn Ime-cq-]nWo Xmalw {]Wuan \nXyw
tZhn Xs¶-bmWv GIm-Zi cp{Z-·mcpw ZzmZ-im-Zn-Xy-
·mcpw AjvS-h-kp-¡fpw tkma-]m-bn-Ifpw hniz-tZ-h-·mcpw
bmXp-[m-\-·mcpw ssZXy-cm- £-k-·mcpw ]nim-Np-¡fpw b£-
·mcpw kn²-·m-cpw, tZhn Xs¶-bm-Wv. hnjvWp kzcq-]n-
Wnbpw cp{Z-cq-]n- Wnbpw kXz-c-PkvXa Iem- Im-jvTmZn kln-
X-bmb Ime-kz-cq-]n-Wnbpw t`mK-Zm-bn-\nbpw tam£-Zm-bn-
\nbpw ]m]-\m-in-\nbpw hnP-b-¯nsâ A[n-jvTm-{Xnbpw
A´-¯n-¶-Xo-Xbpw awK-f-kz-cq-]n-Wnbpw tZmj-c-ln-Xbpw
R§Ä tZhnsb \nXyhpw \a-kvI-cn-¡p-¶p.
- m-cnWow tZhnw |
12. Xm]m-]l
`pàn apàn {]Zm-bn\ow |
A\´mw hnPbmw ip²mw |
icWymw inhZmw inhmw ||
 498

I 13. hnb-Zo-Im-ck- w-bpàw | K

alm-`-b-hn-\m-in-\nbpw alm-ZpÀ¤m]i-an-\nbpw alm
hoXntlm{X-k-a-\znXw | ImcpWy cq]n-Wn-bp-amb tZhnsb Rm³ \a-kvI-cn-¡p-¶p.
A´-lo-\ -bm-I -bm A\-´-s b¶pw {_Òm-Zn-IÄ¡p
AÀt²-µq-e-knXw tZhym |
t]mepw kzcq]w [cn-¡m³ Ign-bm-¯-h-fm-I- bm AtÚ-
_oPw kÀhmÀ° km[Im || b- sb¶pw ImWm³ Ign- bm- ¯-h-fm-I-bm Ae-£y- sb¶pw
14. Gh-ta-Im-£cw a{´w | P\-\-an-Ãm-¯-Xn-\m AP-sb¶pw Gam-{X-bm-I-bm GI-
bXb ip²-tN-Xkx | sb¶pw A§s\ AtÚ-b-bm-bn, A\-´-bmbn Ae-£y-
[ymb´n ]c-am-\µ | bmbn AP-bmbn ss\I-bmbn hncm-Pn-¡p¶ tZhn¡v \a-
kvImcw
abm Úm\mw-_p-cm-ibmx ||
21. a{´mWmw amXrIm tZho |
15. hmMvabx {_Ò-`q-kvXk - vamXv |
i_vZm\mw Úm\-cq-]nWo |
jjvTw h{à ka-\znXw |
Úm\m\mw Nn·-bm-Xo-Xþ
kqtcym-hma t{im{X _nµpx |
iq\y\mw iq\y-km-£nWo ||
kwbr-Xm-jvS-Xr-Xo-bIx ||
22. bkymx ]c-Xcw \mkvXn |
16. \mcm-b-tW\ kwbpàm |
sskjm ZpÀ¤m {]IoÀ¯nXm |
hmbp-Ým-[c - -k-c-bpXx |
Xmw ZpÀ¤mw ZpÀ¤amw tZhow Zpcm-Nm-c-hn-Lm-Xn\ow
hnt¨\hmÀ®-tImÀ®-kymþ
al-Zm-\µ- -Zm-bIx || 23. \aman `h-`o-tXmlw |
kwkm-cmÀ®-h-Xm-cnWow ||
17. lrXv ]pÞ-co-Ia- -[yØmw |
{]mXx kqcy ka-{]Zmw | a{´-§-fpsS aqe-Øm-\o-bbpw Úm\-cq-]n-Wnbpw
Bb tZhn ZpÀ¤ F¶ \ma-¯n {]kn-²b - m-W.v kwkm-
]mim-¦p-i-[cmw kuaymw |
c-km-Kcw A¡sc IS-¯p-¶h - fpw Zpcm-Nm-c-§Ä \in-¸n-
hc-Zm-`b lkvXImw | ¡p-¶-h-fp-amb ZpÀ¤sb Rm³ kvacn-¡p-¶p.
{Xnt\{Xmw cà-h-k\mw `à-Im-a-ZpLmw `tP
24. CZ-a-YÀh-ioÀjw tbm [otX k]-©m-Y Àh-
Xm]- ]-lm-cn-Wnbpw `ànapàn-{]- Zm-b-\nbpw ip²bpw j-i oÀj-P -] -^ -e -a -h m-]vt\mXn CZ-a -Y Àh-ioÀjw
ic- Wybpw ]mim-¦p-i-[- cbpw kuaybpw hc-Zm-b-l-kvXbpw ÚmXzm tbm À¨mw Øm]-bXn iX-e£w {]P-
{Xnt\-{Xbpw cà-h -k -\ bpw `à-· m-cpsS B{Klw ]vXzm]n tkm ¨mkn²nw N hnµXn iX-a-j vtSm-
km[n¨p sImSp-¡p-¶-h-fp-amb tZhnsb Rm³ `Pn-¡p-¶p. ¯cw Nmkymx ]pc-Ýc - ym-hn[nx kvarXx Zi-hmcw
]tT- Z ykv X p kZyx ]mss]x {]ap NytX alm-
18. \aman Xzmalw tZhow | ZpÀ¤mWn XcXn alm tZhymx {]km-ZXx
- -hn-\m-in\ow |
alm-`b
Cu AYÀh-ioÀjw sNmÃp-¶X - n\v A©v AYÀh-
alm-ZpÀ¤-{]-i-an\ow | ioÀjw sNmÃp¶ ^ew kn²n- ¡pw. e£w XhW AÀ¨\
alm-Im-cp-Wy-cq-]nWow || sNbvXm AÀ¨\m kn²n ssIhcpw \qän F«p-{]m-hiyw
19. bkym kzcq]w {_Òm- Z tbm \ Pm\´n P]n-¨m AXn\v ]pc-Ý-cym-hn-[n-sb¶p t]À ]¯p Znh-
XkvamXv DNytX AtÚbm ks¯ P]-¯m kIe ]m]-apàn ^ew. alm-tZhn
{]km-Z¯
- m aäp ZpÀ¤-§fpw XcWw sN¿p-¶p.
20. bkymw At´m \ hnZytX Xkva m-Z p-N ytX
\´mx bkymx {KlWw t\m]-e -`ytX Xkva m {]mX-c-[o-bmt\m cm{Xn-IrXw ]m]w \mi-b-Xn-
ZpNy-tX-fe
- £ym bkym P\\w t\m] e£ytX km-b-a-[o-bmt\m Znh-k-IrXw ]m]w \mi-b-Xn XXv
Xkvam-Zp-NytX APm GssIh kÀh{X hÀ¯tX kmbw {]mXx {]bp-RvPmt\m ]mt]m]m t]m `h-
Xkva m ZpNy- tX-f -e £ym bkym P\\w t\m] Xn. \niotY Xpcob kÔymbmw P]vXzm tZhXm
e£ytX Xkvam-Zp-NytX APm GssIh kÀh{X km¶n²yw `h-Xn. {]mW-{]-X n-j vT mbmw P]vX zm
hÀ¯tX Xkvam ZpNytX GIm GssIh hniz-cq- {]mWm\mw {]XnjvTm `hXn `uam-izn\ymw alm-
]nWn Xkvam-Zp-NytX GIm GssIh hniz-cq-]nWo tZhn k¶n[u P]vXzm alm-arXypw XcXn Ghw
Xkvam- Z p- N ytX s s\Im AX Gth m- N yp- t X- thtZ-Xyp-]-\n-jXv
tÚbm A\´x Ae£ym APm GIm ss\Imx {]`mX-¯n Cu a{´w P]n-¨m cm{Xn sNbvX

N P
 499

I ]m]w \in-¡pw. sshIn«v P]n-¨m ]I sNbvX ]m]w
\in-¡pw. {]`m- X-¯nepw kÔy¡pw P]n-¨m ]m]- saÃmw
AkvX-an-¡pw. cm{Xnbpw Xpcob kÔy-bnepw P]n-¨mÂ
]m]-saÃmw AkvX-an-¡pw. cm{Xnbpw Xpcob kÔy-bnepw
P]n-¨m {]mW-{]-XnjvT e`n-¡pw. alm-tZhn k¶n-[n- K
bn `uam-izn\o Znhkw P]n-¨m alm-ar-Xy-hn \n¶pw
tamN\w In«pw F¶v D]-\n-j¯v A\p-im-kn-¡p-¶p.
tZhyp-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

1 Zztbm-]-\n-j¯v 3

Hmw AYmXx{ioaZv Zztbmev]¯nx 5. Kpcptch ]cw {_Ò

hmtIym ZznXobx jSv ]Zm\yjvSmZi Kpcp tch ]cm KXn;
]©hnwiXy£cmWn ]©Zim Kpcp tch ]cw {_Ò
£c]qÀhw Zim£cw ]cw.]qÀthm Kpcp tch ]cw hnZym
\mcmbWx t{]màm\mZn knt²m Kpcp tch ]cw [\w
a{´cXv\ xkZmNmcyaqew 6. Kpcptch ]cw IÀ½
1. BNmtcym thZ k¼t¶m Kpcptch ]cmbWw
hnjvW p `tàm hnaÕcx bkva m¯Zp]tZjv Smku
a{´tÚm a{´ `àÝ Xkva mXv KpcpXctcm Kpcpx
kZm a{´m{ibx ipNn; 7. bx kpIrZp¨mcWx kwkmchntamNt\m
`hXn.kÀh ]pcpjmÀ°w kn²nÀ `hXn \ N
2. Kpcp`ànkambpàx
]p\cmhÀ¯tX CXn b Ghw thtZXyp]\njXv.
]pcmWtÚm hntijhnXv
1.2. C\n {ioaZv Zzb¯nsâ Dev] ¯n ]dbp¶p.
Ghw e£W k¼t¶m
c­mat¯Xv hmIyamWv. jSv]Zw ]Xns\«mWv. AXnÂ
KpcpcnXy`n[obtX. Ccp]¯nb©v A£cap­v. BZyw ]Xn\©v ]ns¶
3. BNnXm\n ln imkv{XmÀ°mþ ]¯v . kZmNmc¯nsâ BZnImcWhpw a{´ cXv\
kzcq]hpw A\mZnbpamb `Khm³ \mcmbW³ CXv
\mNmc Øm]\m Zhn BZyw Xs¶ \ncq]Ww sNbvXn«pffXmWv. bmsXmcmÄ
kzbamNctX bkvXp imkv {XPvR \pw BNmc k¼¶\pw sshjvW h\pw
CuÀjymclnX\pw a{´ Pv R mXmhpw a{´§fnÂ
XkvamZmNmcy DNytX
{i²bpffh\pw a{´§fpsS Bibw \ÂIphm\pw
4. Kpi_vZ kvXzÔImcxkzmXv hnip²\pambncn¡Ww. Kpcp`à\pw ]pcmW§Ä
kvXzÔImcx kzmXv Adnbp¶h\pw hntijÚ\pambncn¡Ww. CuKpW
§sfÃmw XnIªh\mWv Kpcphmbn Adnbs¸Sp¶Xv.
i_vZ kvX¶ntcm[Ix
AÔImc hntcm[Ix 3. Kpcpi_vZ¯n Dff "cp' F¶ A£c¯nsâ AÀ°w
AÔImcsa¶v "cp' F¶ A£c¯nsâ AÀ°w
AÔImc hntcm[nXzmXv AXns\ XSbp¶hs\¶pw AÚmXamIp¶ AÔImcw
KpcpcnXy`n[obtX. XSbp¶Xp \nan¯amWv Kpcp F¶ t]À In«nbXv.

N P

I 4, 5, 6, 7, Kpcp Xs¶ ]c{_Òw Kpcp Xs¶ ]caamb
KXn; Kpcp Xs¶ D¯ahnZy. bYmÀ°¯n KpcphmWv
kÀthm¯a[\w.
5. Kpcp Xs¶ kÀthm¯ahpw CÑnXhpamb hkv Xp.
KpcphmWv ]caamb B{ibw. ImcWw ]ctam]tZi§Ä
\ÂIp¶h\mWh³. B \nebn Kpcp At§ Aäs¯
AÚm\\miIamWv. bmsXmcmÄ Hcp {]mhiyw CXp¨cn
¡p¶p Ah³ kÀhYm kwkmcaà\mIp¶p. Ah\v
1 \mZ-_n-µq-]-\n-j¯v
im´n- ] mTw
Hmw hmMvta a\kn {]Xn-jvTtXm at\m ta hmNn
{] X n- j vT n- X - a m- h n- c m- h nÀ a G [ n th Z k y a
BWoØx iA-c pXw a{]- l m-k n-c -t\\y A[o-
tX\ Atlm-cm-{XmXv kwZ-[man EXw hZn-jym-an.
kXyw hZn- j ym- a n. X·m- a - h -X p-X - Z z- à m- c - a -h - X p.
AhXp amw AhXp hàm-ca - m-hXp hàm-cw. Hmw
im´nx im´nx im´nx.
Fsâ hmWn a\-Ên Ønc-am-I-s«. a\Êv hmWn-
bn Ønc-am-I-s«. tl, kzbw {]Im-ia - mb Bßm-th,
Fsâ ap¶n A§v {]Xy-£o-`-hn-¡p-I. tl hmWo, tl
a\-tÊ, \n§Ä c­p-t]cpw Fsâ thZm-`ymkw \in-¸n-
¡m-\n-S-bm-I-cp-Xv. Cu thZm-`ym-k-¯n Xs¶ cm{Xn-bnepw
]Iepw Rm³ Bà-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. Rm³ kZm kXyw
]dbpw; Fs¶ c£n-¨mepw Fs¶ c£n-¨mepw hàm-
hns\ c£n-¨mepw hàm-hns\ c£n-¨mepw. Hmw im´nx
im´nx im´nx.
1. AImtcm Z£nWx ]£ DImc kvXq¯cx
kvarX.
aImc ]pÑ-an-Xym-lp-cÀ²-am{Xm Xp akvXI
- w.
2. ]mZ-ZnIw KpWm-kvXky icocw XXz apNytX
[Àt½mky Z£nWw N£pc [Àt½m tYm
]cx kvarXx
3. `pÀtemIx ]mZ-tbm-kvXky `phÀtemI kvXp
Pm\p\n
kzÀtem-IkvXp ISo-tZti \m`n-tZti
alÀ PKXv
N P
500
FÃm [À½w, AÀ°w, Imaw, tam£w Cu ]pcpjmÀ
K
°§Ä e`n¡p¶p. Ah\v ho­pw Cu kwkmc¯nÂ
h¶v sRcpt§­Xmbn hcpIbnÃþCXv \nÝnX
kn²m´amWv. XnI¨pw kXyamWv. GsXmcmÄ CXv
\nÝnX kn²m´amWv. XnI¨pw kXyamWv.GsXmcmÄ
CXv icn¡v a\Ênem¡p¶, CXn {i² ImWn¡p¶p,
AbmÄ¡p am{Xta CXnsâ em`w kn²amIq.
Zztbm]\nj¯v ]cyhkm\n¨p.
3
4. P\-tem-IkvXp lrt±ti ItW-Tt- emI
kvX]-kvXXx
{`pthmÀe-em-S-at²y Xp kXy-temtIm
hyh-ØnXx
5. kl-{kmÀ®-a-Xo-hm{X a{´ Gh {]ZÀinXx
Gh-taXmw kam-cqtVm lwk tbmK hnN-£Wx
1þ5 {]W- h s¯ lwk-a mbn KWn-¡ p¶ ]£w
AImcw AXnsâ hes¯ Nnd-Im-Wv. DImcw AXnsâ
CSs¯ NndIv. aImcw AXnsâ hmem-Ip-¶p. AÀ²-am{X
inc-Êp- am-Wv. At¸mÄ kXz-KpWw ico-chpw ctPm- Kp-Whpw
Xtam KpWhpw c­p Imep-Ifpw BIp-¶p. \m`n-tZ-i¯v
alÀ temIw; ISn-tZ-i-¯n kzÀtemIw; ap«p-If - nepw
Imep-I-fnepw `phÀtem-Ihpw `qtem-I-hpw. C{]-Imcw P\-
temIw Xt]m-tem-Iw, kXy-temIw Ch AXnsâ lrZbw
IWvTw eemSw ]pcn-I-§-fpsS a[y-`mKw Ch-bm-bn-¯o-cp-
¶p. Cu {]W-h-am-Ip¶ lwk-¯n tIdn AXnsâ a\\
Nn´m-\p-jT v m-\m-Zn-IÄ \nÀh-ln¨v Bbn-c-¡-W-¡n\v ]m]-
§-fn \n¶v hnap-à\ - mbn tam£-]-Zs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
6. \ `nZytX IÀa-a-Nmsscx ]m]-tImSn issX-chn
Btá-b-{]-Ya
- m-am{Xm hmb-thyjm XYm-]cm
7. `m\p aWvUe k¦mim `th-·m{Xm XtYm-¯cm
]caw NmÀ²-am{Xm bm hmcpWow Xmw hnZpÀ_p[mx
8. Ime- {X-t b]n btkyam am{Xm \qXw {]Xn-
jv TnXmx
Gj Hm¦mc BJymtXm [mc-Wm-`nÀ\n t_m[Xx
 501

I 9. tLmjWn {]Yam am{Xm hnZyp-·mem XYm ]cm hnZym-[-c-\mIpw; \mem-as

- ¯-Xn-em-sW-¦n KÔÀhsâ K
]X w- K n\ o X rXobm ky mXvN- X pÀ ° o hmbp P·-amWv e`n- ¡pI; A©m- as¯ am{X-bn Djn-X-·m-sc¶
thKn\o tZh-K-W-§-fp-sam¯v hkn-¡m³ tbmK-ap-­mIpw; N{µ-a-
WvU-e-¯n Ign-bmw. Bdm-as¯ am{X-bn {]mW³
10. ]©-ao-\m-a-t[bm Xp jjvTo ssN{µy`n [obtX
thÀs¸-Sp¶ ]£w C{µ-tZ-hsâ kmbqPyw e`n-¡pw. Ggm-
k]vXao sshjvWho \ma AjvSao im¦-coXn as¯ am{X-bn hnjvWp `K-hmsâ ]Zw {]m]n-¡m-\n-S-h-
11. \han al-Xo-\ma [rXnkvXp Ziao aXm cpw. F«m-as¯ am{X-bn {]mW-hn-tbm-Ka hcp¶ ]£w
GIm-Zio `th-¶mco {_mÒoXp ZzmZ io]cm ]c-ai- n-hsâ kmao]yw e`n-¡p-¶p. H³]Xmw am{X-bn-em-
12. {]Y-ambmw Xp am{Xmbmw bZn-{]m-ssWÀ hnbq- sW-¦n alÀtem-I-{]m-]X v n- bm-Wv. ]¯m-a-s¯-Xn {[ph-
PytX temIw; ]Xn-s\m-¶n Xt]m-tem-Iw. ]{´­mw am{X-bnÂ
{]mW³ shSn-ªm km[-I³ {_Ò-tem- I-¯n Øm\w
`ctX hÀj-cm-Pmku kmÀh-`uax {]Pm-btX
t\Sp-¶p.
13. ZznXo-bmbmw kapXv {Imt´m `th-Zyt£m alm-
ß-h m³ 17. XXx ]c-Xcw ip²w hym]Iw \nÀ½ew inhw
hnZym-[c- -kvar-Xo-bmbmw KÔÀhkvXp NXpÀ°nIm ktZm-ZnXw ]cw {_Ò-tPym-Xn-jm-ap-Ztbm bXx
14. ]©-aym-aY am{Xmbmw bZn {]mssWÀ hnbp- 18. AXo-{µnbw KpWm- X oXw at\m eo\w bZm
PytX `thXv
DjnXx kl-tZ-hXzw tkma-temtI alo-btX A\q-]aw inhw im´w tbmK-bpàw XZm-hn-tiXv
1 5. j j vT y an{µ k y k mbqP y w k ] vX ay mw 19. XZyp-à-kvX·
- -tbm-P´px iss\Àap-t©Xv Itf-
sshjvWhw ]Zw _cw
AjvSaymw {hPtX cp{Zw ]iq\mw N ]Xow XYm kwØntXm tbmK NtcW kÀh-kw-Khn hÀPnXx
16. \haymw Xp alÀtemIw Ziaymw Xp P\w 20. XtXm hneo-\]- mtim ku hnaex Iaem {]`px
{htPXv tXss\h {_Ò-`m-th\ ]c-am-\µ aiv\p tX
GIm-Ziymw Xt]m-temIw ZzmZiymw {_Ò imiz- 17-þ20. ]c-{_-Òs¯ Adn-bp-¶-Xn\v CXn-s\-¡mÄ
Xw. DbÀ¶Xpw t{ijvThpw ip²hpw Ieym-W-a-b-hp-amb XXzw
6þ16. Hm¦m-c-¯nsâ tZhX Aán-bm-Ip-¶p. AXnsâ D­v. AXp-aqew FÃm-¯-c¯ - n-ep-apÅ Aán, kqcy³,
cq]w Aán-a-WvUe kam-\a - m-Wv. AXnse H¶m-as¯ N{µ³, BZn tPymXn-Êp-Ifpw ]pd-s¸-Sp-¶p. C{µn-b-§-fnÂ
am{X Btá-bn-bm-Ip-¶p. DIm-c¯ - nsâ tZhX hmbp-hm- \n¶pw kXz cP-kvXt- am-Kp-W§ - -fn \n¶pw D]-cn-bm-bn-
Wv. hmbp aWvU-es - a¶ t]mse-bmWv AXnsâ cq]w. ¯o- cp-t¼mÄ km[- I sâ ØnXn tbmK-bp-à-ambn F¶p
AXnsâ c­m-as¯ am{X hmb-hy-am-Ip-¶p. aIm-c-¯nsâ ]d-b m³ km[n- ¡ pw. AbmÄ ]c- X -Xz-¯n eo\-\m-bn-¯o-
tZhX kqcy-\m-Wv. kqcy-a-WvU-e-Xp-ey-amWv AXnsâ cq]w. cp-¶p. D]-am-c-ln-X- \p-ambn `hn-¡p-¶p. C§-s\-bpÅ tbmK-
aq¶m-a-s¯Xv D¯-c-am-{X-bm-Ip-¶p. \mem-as - ¯Xv hmcp- amÀ¤-¯nsâ t]mj- I³, `K-hm-\n {i²bpw Bk- ànbpw
Wn-b psS tZhX hcp-W -\m-W v. FÃm-{]-I m-c-¯n-epÅ DÅ ]£w `uXn- I-amb kIe BIÀjW- §-sfbpw AXn-
am{XIÄ¡pw ap½q¶v kpµ- c-ap-J-§-fp- ­v. AXn-\m {]W- {I-an¨v ]Xp-s¡-¸X - ps¡ ico-c-¯n-epÅ (A-lw) F¶
hs¯ ZzmZ-i-Ie - m-ß-I-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶p. AXv a\-Ên-em- Nn´ ssI hntS- ­ -X p-­v. AXp km[n¨m AbmÄ
¡m-\pÅ km[\ [mc-Whpw [ym\hpw kam-[n-bm-Ip-¶p. kmwkm- c nI _Ô- \ §
- -fn \n¶v apà-\mbn ssIh-ey-
{]W-h-¯nsâ ]{´­p {]Im-c-¯n-epÅ Ie-I-fn am{X- ]Zw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. AbmÄ ]c-amß kzcq]w Xs¶-bmbn
I-fpsS t]cv Xmsg sImSp-¡p¶ hn[-¯n-em-Ip-¶p. H¶m-a- `hn-¡p¶p; ]c-aa - mb B\-µ-t¯bpw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
t¯Xv tLmjnWn; c­m-a- t¯Xv hnZyp- ·me; aq¶m- a-t¯Xv 21. Bßm\w kXXw ÚmXzm Imew \b
]Xw-Kn\n; \mem-a-t¯Xv hmbp-th-Kn\n; A©m-a-t¯Xv alm-atX
\ma-t[b; Bdm-a-t¯Xv sF{µn; Ggm-a-t¯Xv sshjvWhn; {]mc-_v[a - -Jnew `pRvP³t\m-tZzKw
F«m-at- ¯Xv iwIcn; H³]-Xm-at- ¯Xv alXn; ]¯m-a- IÀ¯p-aÀlkn
t¯Xv [rXn; ]Xn-s\m¶v au\n; ]{´-­m-a-t¯Xv {_mÒn.
22. Dev]t¶ X¯z hnÚmt\ {]mc_v[w
BZys¯ am{X-bn km[-Isâ icocw hnap-àa - m-bmÂ
ss\h ap©Xn
`mcX N{I-hÀ¯n-bpsS cq]-¯n icocw {]m]n-¡m-\n-S-
h-cpw. c­m-as¯ am{X-bn icocw XyPn-¨m bi-kzn- X¯y-Úm-t\m-Z-bm-ZqÀ[zw {]mc_v[w
bmb b£-\m-bn-¯o-cpw. aq¶m-as¯ am{X-bn-emsW¦n ss\h-hn-ZytX

N P
 502

I 23. tZlm-Zo-\m-a-kX- zm¯p bYm kz]vt\ K

Ak-Xy- sa¶pw tXm¶-s¸-Sp- ¶-Xp- t]mse XXz- Úm-\-ap-­m-
hnt_m-[X Ip-t¼mÄ Úm\n-bpsS ZrjvSn-bn {]mcm_v[ IÀ½-§-
IÀ½ P·m-´-cobw bXv {]mc-_v[-anXn IoÀ¯nXw fpsS £bw kw`-hn-¡p-¶p. Ignª P·-¯n sNbvX
IÀ½-§sf {]mcm_v[ IÀ½-§-sf¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Úm\n-
24. X¯p P·m-´-cm-`m-hm-Xv]pwtkm ss\hmkvXn
bpsS ZrjvSn-bn P·m-´-c-an-Ã. AbmÄ¡v {]mcm-_v[-sa-
IÀln-NnXv
¶Xpw CÃ. kz]v\w ImWp¶ L«-¯n I­-Xmbn
kz]v\t- Ztlm bYm-[y-kvXk - vX-ssX-hmbw tXm¶p¶ ico-cm-Zn-IÄ bYmÀ°-¯n CÃ. AtX-]Sn
ln tZlIx Pm{K-Xm-h-Ø-bnepw icocw B`m-km-]m-{X-am-Ip-¶p. shdpw
25. A[ykvX ky IptXm P· P·m `mhx tXm¶Â am{X-amb H¶n\v Dev]-¯n-sb-hnsS? Dev]¯ - n-
IpXx ØnXx bn-Ãm-¯-h\v ØnXn F§s\ kw`-hn¡pw? a®v, Iew,
D]m-Zm\w {]]-©ky arXv`mWvUsskyh ]iyXn IpSw apX-em-b-hb - psS \nÀ½m-W¯ - n\v tJXp `qX-ambn
26. AÚm\w tNXn thZm-ss´-kvXa - -kvan³ Xocp-¶-Xp-t]mse Bßmhp Xs¶-bmWv kIe kmwkm-
\jvtSIz hnizXm cnI ]ZmÀ°-§Ä¡pw Imc-W-ambn hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-X.v thZm-
´-¯nsâ ZrjvSn-bn Cu kmwkm-cnI {]]-©-¯nsâ
bYm cÖqx ]cn-XyPy kÀ¸w KrlvWmXn
B`m- k - ¯ n\p ImcWw AÚm\w am{X- a m- I p- ¶ p.
ssh {`amXv
AÚm\w \in-¨m kwkm-c-¯n\v kmwkm-cn-I-X-bn-Ã.
27. XZzXv kXya hnÚmb PKXv ]iyXn GXp hn[-¯n {_Ò _p²n-\n-an¯w a\p-jy³ Ib-
aqV [ox dns\ kÀ¸-am-sW¶v [cn-¡p-¶pthm AtX {]Im-c-¯nÂ
cÖq JWvtU ]cn-ÚmtX kÀ¸ cq]w a\p-jy³ Bß-Úm-\-¯nsâ A`m-h-¯n Cu kmwkm-
\ XnjvTXn cnI {]]-©s¯ kXy-sa¶v Icp-Xp-¶p. a\p-jy³ CXv
28. A[n-jvTmt\ bYm ÚmtX {]]t© icn¡pw Adn-bpt¼mÄ BZyw tXm¶nb kÀ¸-¯nsâ
iq\yXmw KtX {]XoXn CÃm-Xm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. AXp-t]mse Bßm-hnsâ
bYmÀ° Úm\w D­m-bn-¯o-cp-t¼mÄ Cu kmwkm-cnI
tZl-kym]n {]]-©X - zXv {]mc_v[m
{]]-©-¯n-sâbpw £bw kw`-hn-¡p-¶p. ico-chpw Hcp
hØnXnx IpXx
{]Im-c-¯n-epÅ {]]-©-am-Wv. AXn-\m AXn-sâbpw
29. AÚm-\P - \
- t- _m-[mÀ°w {]mc-_vA - -[-anXn A`m-h¯ - nsâ A\p-`-ha - p-­m-Ip-¶p. Cu Ah-Ø-bn-se-
tNmNytX ¯p-t¼mÄ km[-Isâ {]mcm_v[ w Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p.
XXx-Im-eh- i
- m-tZh {]mc_vt[ Xp £bw KtX AÚm-\n-I-tfmSv ]d-bm-\mWv {]mcm-_v[-¯nsâ Hmtcm
30. {_Ò {]W-h-k-Ôm\w \mtZm tPymXn Imcy-§Ä hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. taL-§Ä AI-ep-t¼mÄ
abx inhx kqcy³ sXfnªp ImWp-¶-Xp-t]mse {]mcm-_v[§ - Ä
kzb amhnÀ `th-Zmßm taLm-]mtbw ipam-\nh AI-ep-t¼mÄ Bßm-hn-sâbpw {_-Ò-¯nsâ GIX shfn-
hm-Ip-t¼mÄ awKf kzcq-]a - mbn tPymXn kzcq-]a
- mb ]c-
31. kn²m-kt\ ØntXm tbmKo ap{Zmw kÔm
am-ßm-hnsâ \mZw km£m-XvI-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. tbmK-kn-²m-
sshjvW how
k-\¯- n-en-cn-¡W
- w, sshjvWh ap{Z ssIs¡m-Å-Ww,
irWp-bmXv Z£ntW IÀt® \mZ a´ÀKXw kZm CSs¯ sNhn-sIm­v A\m-l X \mZw tIÄ¡-Ww.
32. A`y-ky-amt\m \mtZmbw {_Ò-am-hr-WptX C§s\ tIÄ¡-s¸-Sp¶p i_vZw ]pd-sa-bpÅ i_vZ-§sf
[z\p ad-bv¡p-¶p. C§s\ AImcw aImcw Cu c­p ]£-§-
]£ Zzn ]£ aJnem PnXzm Xpcy-]Zw {]tP-Xv. fnepw hnPbw t\Sn kmh-[m-\-¯n {]W-hs¯ ]qÀ®-
ambpw Pbn-¡p-I. C§s\ sNbvXm km[-I\v kqcy-
21-þ32. tl _p²n-am-\mb ]pcpj, \n§Ä¡v Bßm-
]Zw e`n-¡m³ Ign-bpw. AXm-bXv Bß-km-£m-Xv¡mcw
hnsâ kzcq]w Adn-bp-¶-Xn\v Ft¸mgpw ]cn-{iaw \S-
e`n-¡pw.
t¯-­- Xp-­v. \n§-fpsS hne- tb- dnb kabw AXnsâ Nn´-
\-¯n Nne-h-gn-¡p-Ibpw Bh-iy-am-Wv. {]mc_v[ IÀ½- 33. {ipbtX {]Y-am-`ymtk \mtZm
§-f-\p-k-cn¨v {]bm-k-§fpw sRcp-¡-§fpw t`mK-§-fpsS \m\m-hnt[m alm³
cq]-¯n ASp-s¯-¯p-¶p. AXn Jn¶-\m-bn-¯o-tc-­- hÀ²-amt\m bYm-`ymtk {iqbtX
Xn-Ã. Fs´-¶m Bß Úm\w D­mbn Ign-ªm kq£va kq£vaXx
Cu {]mcm-_v[-§-fn \n¶v tamN\w e`n-¨p-sIm-Åpw. 34. BZu Pe[n Poaq-X-t`co \nÀQc kw`hx
kz]v\¯ - n ImW-s¸-Sp#v-\\ ]ZmÀ°-§Ä kz]v\-L-«-
at[y a±-fi
- _
- vZmt`m L­m-Im-lf - -PkvXYm
¯n bYmÀ°-§ -sf¶pw Pm{K-Xh - -Ø-bn-em-Ipt¼mÄ

N P
 503
I 35. At´ Xp InWo-hw-ih- o-Wm-{`-ac \nkz\x
CXn-\m-\m-hn[mx \mZmx {iqbt´
kq£va kq£vaXx
36. alXn {ipb-amtW Xp alm-t`-cym-Zn-I[ - z\u
X{X kq£vaw kq£va-Xcw \ma-tah ]cm-ar-tiXv
37. L\-ap-ÕrPy hm kq£vta kq£va
apÕrPy hm Lt\
ca-am-W-a]n £n]vXw at\m \m\y{X emf-tbXv
38. b{X Ip{Xm]n hm \mtZ eKXn {]Yaw a\x
X{X b{X Ønco-`qXzm tX\-kmÀ²w hneo-btX
39. hnkvarXy kIew _mlyw \mtZ ZpKv[mw
_ph-·\x
GIo-`q-XzmY klkm NnZm-Imti hneo-btX
40. DZm-ko-\k- vXtXm `qXzm kZm-`ym-tk\ kwbao
D·-\o-Im-cIw ktZym \mZ-ta-hm-h[ - m-c-tbXv
41. kÀh-Nn-´m. kap-ÕrPy kÀh tNjvSm
hnhÀÖnXx
\mZ-ta-hm-\p-kw-Z[
- ymXv \mtZ-Nn¯w hneo-btX
33-þ41. BZyw A`y-kn¨p XpS-§p-t¼mÄ Cu \mZw
]e-X-c-¯n tI«p-sh-¶p-h-cpw. hfsc D¨-¯nepw tIÄ¡-
s¸-Spw. F¶m A`ymkw XpS-cp-t¼mÄ Cu i_vZw kmh-
[m-\¯- n-em-Ipw. BZy-L«- ¯- n tIÄ¡-s¸-Sp¶ i_vZw
s]cp-¼-d, shÅ-¨m-«w, taL-[z-\n, kap-{Z-¯nse Xnc-am-
e-bpsS i_vZw Cu amXn-cn-sbm-s¡-bm-bn-cn-¡pw. ]ns¶
Ipsd Ign-bpt¼mÄ i_vZw h­v, HmS-¡p-gÂ, hoW,
In§nWn Ch-bpsS i_vZt- ¯m-sSm¸w a[p-c-ambn A\p-`-
h-s¸-Sp-¶p. Cu i_vZw hfsc kuay-kz-c-¯n-em-bn-cn-¡pw.
]e-Xc - -¯nepw tI«p-sh¶v hcpw. s]cp-¼-d-bpsS i_vZw
t]mse-bmWv tIÄ¡p-¶-sX-¦n arZp-a-[p-c-ambn tIÄ¡-
s¸-S-W-sa¶v Nn´n-¡W - w. a\Êv AXn ]X-dm³ ]mSn-
Ã. a\-Ênsâ kz`mhw tI«p ioe-apÅ \mZw tIÄ¡p-¶-
Xn-enjvSw hln-¡p-I-sb-¶X - m-Wv. a\Êv kmwkm-cn-Ia- mb
hkvXp-¡f - n \ns¶Ãmw hn«p-am-dn-¡-gn-bp-t¼mÄ a\Êv
NnZm-Im-i¯ - n hneo-\-ambn `hn-¡p-¶p. kwb-an-bmb
hyàn sNt¿-­Xv X\n¡p tIÄ¡m³ Ign-bp¶ i_vZ-
¯n hneo-\-\m-bn-¯o-cp-I-sb-¶-Xm-W.v \mZ-¯n Nn¯w
hneo-\-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. kIe Nn´-Ifpw amän \ndp¯n
kIe tNjvS-Ifpw AIän Cu \mZs¯ tXtS­Xp-­v.
42. aI-cµw ]n_³`rwtKm KÔm³ \m
t]£tX XYm
\mZm-kàx kZm-Nn¯w hnjbw \ln Imw£Xn
43. _²w kp\m-ZK- t- Ô\ kZyx kwXyà Nm]ex
\mZ {KlW XÝn-¯-a-´c - mKw `pPw-Kax
44. hnkvarXy hnti-ht- a-Im{Kyw Ip{X Nn¶
ln [mhXn
N P
at\m·¯-K -tP-{ µ-ky-hn-j -tbm-Zym-\ -Nm-c nWx K
45. \nbm-a\ kaÀt°mbw \n\mtZm \nin-Xm-¦pim
\mt`m-´cw Kkm-cwK _Ôt\ hmKp-cm-btX
42-þ45. h­v F{]-Imcw ]pjv]-§-fpsS ckw {Kln-¨p-
sIm­v Ah-bpsS KÔ-¯nsâ Imcy-¯n Xmev]cyw
hln-¡p-¶n-Ã. AXp-t]mse \mZ-¯n Xmev]cyw Im«p¶
a\kv hnj-b-hm-k-\-I-fpsS ZpÀK-Ô- ¯n Xmev]cyw Im«p-
I-bn-Ã. GXp-hn[w kÀ¸w \mZw tI«v aZ-a-¯-am-Ip-¶p.
AXp-t]mse Nn¯w B \mZ-¯n Bk-à-ambn FÃm
N]-e-X-Ifpw ad-¡p-¶p. kwkm-c-¯nse N]-e-X-IÄ ad-
¡m³ Ign-bp-t¼mÄ a\Êv A[ymß Imcy-¯n GIm-
{KX e`n-¡p-¶p. a\Êv AXn-se-bn-Xnse hnjb kpJ-
¯n\p t\sc ]mbp-I-bp-an-Ã. hnj-b-kp-J-§fpsS Im«nÂ
Id- §p¶ a\-Êm-Ip¶p B\ \mZm- `ym- k-am- Ip¶ aqÀ¨- bpÅ
IqÀ¯ tXm«n- bm hi-¯m-¡-s¸- Sp- ¶p. a\- Êns\ amt\mSpw
Xnc-tbmSpw D]-an-¡p¶ ]£w \mZw B am\ns\ ]nSn-¡m-
\p-X-Ip¶ IpSp-¡mWv; Xnc-ame XS-bp¶ Xoc-am-Wv.
46. A´-cwK kap-{Zky tcmt[ them-btX ]n N
{_Ò-{]-W-h-kw-e-á-\mtZm tPymXnÀ abm-ßIx
47. a\-kvX{- X-ebw bmXn XZznjvtWmx ]caw ]Zw
Xmh-Zm-Imi k¦evt]m bmh-Ñ_vZx {]hÀ¯tX
48. \nxi_vZw XXv]cw {_Ò ]c-amßm kao-cytX
\mtZm bmh-·\ - k- vXm-h-\m-Zm]n Xp at\m-·\o
49. k i`vZÝ - m-£tc £otW \nx i_vZw
]caw ]Zw
kZm \mZm-\p-kÔ - m-\mXv k£oWm hmk\m
Xp bm
50. \nc-RvPt\ hneo-tbtX at\mhm bq \ kwibx
\mZ tImSn kl-{kmWn _nµp-tImSn iXm\n N
\mZs¯ {]W-h¯ - n ebn-¸n-¡p-¶X
- n-s\-¯p-SÀ¶v
AXv tPymXnÀa-b-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. B Ah-k-c¯ - n a\-
Ên\v ebw D­m-Ip-¶p. AXn-s\-bmWv hnjvWp-hnsâ ]c-
a-]- Z-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶-X.v i_vZhpw kw`m-j- Whpw tIÄ¡m³
Ign- bp-t¼m-gmWv a\-Ên\v BIm-i- ¯nsâ k¦ev]w ]qÀ®-
am- Ip-¶- X.v i_vZ-an-sÃ- ¦n Xs¶bpw ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ A\p-
`q-X n-bp-­m-Ip-¶p. \mZw DÅn-St- ¯m-f-amWv a\-Ênsâ
AkvXn-Xzw. \mZw kmh-[m-\-¯n im´-am-Ip-t¼m-gmWv
a\- Ê nsâ XÃo- \ - a mb ØnXn k wPm- X - a m- I p- ¶ - X v .
i_vZs¯ kvacn-¡p¶ \mZw A£c {_Ò-¯n eo\-
am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. \mZ-¯n i_vZ-an-sÃ-¦nepw CXv ]c-a-]-Z-
sa¶v a\-Êm-en-¡p-I. \mZw tXSpt¼mÄ hnj-b-hm-k-\-
IÄ I¯n-¡-cn-bp¶ ]£w, a\Êpw {]mW\pw ]c-{_-Ò-
¯n ebn¨p F¶p Icp-Xmw. Bbn-c-¡-W¡ - n\v \mZhpw
Bbn-c-¡-W-¡n\v _nµp-¡fpw B {_Ò-{]-W-h-\m-Z¯ - nÂ
hneo-\-am- bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
 504

I 51. kÀth-X{X ebw bm´n {_Ò-{]-Wh \mZtI CXyp-]-\n-j Xv K

k À h m- h Ø m h n\ nÀ ap à x k À h - N n´ m 51-þ56. Pm{KXv kz]v\w kpjp]vXn Cu aq¶v Ah-
hnhÀÖnXx Ø-If - nepw ]c-aa
- mb Ah-Øm-hn-tijw {]m]n-¨-h\pw
52. arX-h¯- n-jvTtX tbmKo k aptàm kIe hn[-¯n-epÅ kmwkm-cnI Nn´-Ifpw ssIhn«v ih-
\m{X kwibx ¯n-s\m¯ ]cn-Wm-a¯ - n-se-¯n-b-h-\p-amb FÃm {]Im-c-
iwJ Zpµp`n \mZw N \ irtWmXn IZm-N\ ¯nepw apàm-h-Ø-bn-se-¯n-sb¶v ]d-bmw. Ah³ iwJ-
¯n-sâtbm s]cp-¼-d-bp-sStbm i_vZw Hcn-¡epw tIÄ¡p-
53. ImjvT-h-PvÖm-btX tZlw D·\ym
I-bn-Ã. a\-Êns\ \nb-{´n¨ ØnXn-bn-em-b-Xn-\m a\Êv
hØbm {[phx
ico-c-¯n-e m-s W-¦nepw ac-¯-Sn-t]mse PU-\m-Ip-¶ p.
\ P\mXn k iotXmjvWw \ ZpxJw \ Ah\v XWp-t¸m, NqtSm, kpJ-tam, am\m-]-am-\§ - tfm
kpJw XYm H¶pw A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. kam-[n-bn-en-cp¶v DZm-ko-\-\mbn
54. \ am\w \mh-am\w N kwXyàzm Xp Ah³ Ch-sbÃmw ssIsh-Sn-bp-¶p. Ahsâ Nn¯w
kam-[n\w F{Xbpw Ønc-am-I-bm Pm{KXv kz]v\-kp-jp-]X v y-hØ - -
Ah-Øm-{X-b-a-t\zXn \ Nn¯w tbmKn\x kZm I-fn \n¶v hnap-à-\mbn Xsâ hmkvXh - n-Im-h-Øb - nÂ
55. Pm{K-¶n-{Zm-hn-\nÀ½pàx kzcq-]m-hØ - Xm \ne-sIm-Åp-¶p. ImW-s¸-Sm³ Ign-bm¯ hkvXp-¡-fpsS
anbmXv A`m-h -¯ n bmsXm-cp-h sâ ZrjvSn Øncam-I p-¶ p,
tNjvSbpsS A`m-h-¯n bmsXm-cp-hsâ hmbp Ønc-am-
56. ZrjvSnx Øncm bky hn\m k Zriyw
Ip-¶p, B{i-b-¯nsâ A`m-h-¯n bmXp-scm-hsâ Nn¯-
hmbpx Øntcm bky hn\m {]bXv\w ¯-n\v ØncX `hn-¡p¶p B tbmKn¡v {_Ò-{]-Wh - \ - m-
Nn¯w Øncw bky hn\m-eh - e
- w_w Z-¯nsâ Xpco-bm-h-Ø-bn F¯n-sb¶v a\-Ên-em-¡p-I.
k{_-Ò-Xm-cm-´-c\ - mZ cq]x \mZ-_n-µq-]\
- n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

1 \mc-Z-]-cn-{hm-P-tIm-]-\n-j¯v 3
im´n- ] mTw s«. _rl-kv]Xn R§Ä¡v \· sN¿-s«. Hmw im´nx
im´nx im´nx
Hmw `{Zw IÀt®`nx irWp-b m- a - tZhm `{Zw
]tiy-am-£ -`nÀb-P{Xmx Ønssc-cw-ssK-k vX p-jvSp- H¶mw D]-tZiw
hmw- k - k v X - \ q- ` nÀ hytia tZh- l nXw bZmbpx
1. AY IZm-NnXv ]cn-{hm-PI - m-`c
- tWm \mcZx kÀh-
kzkvXn \ Ct{µm hr²-{ihmx kzkvXn \x]pjm
temI k©mcw IpÀh-¶ -] qÀh-]pWy Øem\n
hniz-thZmx kzkvXn \ kvXmÀt£ym Acn-jvS-t\anx
]pWy XoÀ°m\n XoÀ°n-IpÀh-¶h - tem IyNn-¯-
kzkvX n t\m _rl-k v] -XnÀ [mXp Hmw im´nx
ip²nw {]m]y \nÀsshcx imt´m Zm´x kÀhtXm
im´nx im´nx
\nÀth-Z-am-kzmZy kzcq-]\p kÔm-\a\pk-Ômb
kw]q-Py-cmb tZh-·m-sc, R§Ä ImXp-IÄsIm­v \ nb- a m- \ - µ - h n- t i - j - K W y w ap \ n- P - s s \ - c q]
\ÃXv tIÄ¡p-am-dm-I-s«. I®p-IÄsIm­v \ÃXv ImWp- k¦oÀ®w. ss\an-jm-cWyw ]pWy-Øe - -a-h-temIy
am-dm-I-s«. kpZr-V§
- -fmb AwK-§-fmepw tZlw sIm­pw kcn- K - a - ] - [ - \ nk kwssÚÀ sshcm-K y- t_m- [ -
\n§sf kvXpXn-¡m-\n-S-h-c-s«. tZh-·mÀ R§Ä¡v \nÝ- Isscx kzc-hn-tkssjx {]m]-©nI ]cmMv apssJÀ
bn-¨n-«pÅ BbpÊp apgp-h³ R§Ä A\p-`-hn-¡p-am-dm- lcn-I-Ym-e mss]x Ømhc PwKa \ma-ssIÀ `K-
I-s«. IoÀ¯n-am-\mb C{µ³ R§Ä¡v \·-b-cp-f-s«. XS- hZv `àn hnti-ssjÀ \c-ar-KI - nw-]p-cp-jm-a-cI
- n-¶-
hn-Ãm¯ KXn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb Kcp-U³ R§Ä¡v \· sN¿- cm-]vkt- cm-KW - m³ kwtam-l-b³ BKXw {_mÒm-

N P
 505
I ßPw `K-hZv `àw \mc-Za - -ht- emIy ZzmZ-ih
- Àj
k{X- t bm- t Km- ] - Ø n- X mx- { ip- X m-[ y- b\ k¼¶mx
kÀh-Úm-kvXt]m \njvT-]c - mÝ Úm\ sshcm-
KymZn k¼¶m iu\-ImZn alÀjbx {]Xyp-°m\w
IrXzm \Xzm btYm-NnXm XnYy ]qÀhIw D]-th-i-
bnXzm kzbw kÀth A]yp-]-hnjvSm t`m `K-h³
{_ Ò - ] p{X I Y w ap ày p - ] mb:þ Ak vamI w
hàhyx
Hcp L«-¯n ]cn-{]m-PI intcm-aW - n-bmb \mc-Z³
kIe temI-§-fnepw k©-cn¨p sIm­n-cns¡ At\Iw
]pWy-Øm-\§ - fpw XoÀ°-§fpw kµÀin-¨p. Ahn-sS-
sbÃmw At±-l-¯nsâ ]mZ-kv]Ài-¯m Gsd ]cn-]q-X-
§-fm-bn. B XoÀ°-Øm-\-§-fpsS ZÀi-\¯ - m At±-l-
¯n\v Nn¯-ip²n ssIh-¶p. a\Êv {]im-´a - m-bn. C{µn-
b-§Ä hi-¯n-embn kÀhYm hnc-à-\mb At±-l-¯n\v
bmsXmcp Pohn-bnepw tZzj-`m-ha - p-­m-bn-cp-¶nÃ. kzcq-]-
[ym-\m-\p-k-Ôm-\¯ - n apgpIn At±lw k©-cn-¨p-sIm-
­n-cn-¡th ss\an-jm-cW - y-¯n h¶p-tNÀ¶p. kwb-a-
\n- b-am- ß-I-amb B\-µ-¯m asäÃm XoÀ°-§- sf-¡mfpw
Cu XoÀ°-¯n\v sshinjvSyw D­m-bn-cp-¶p. At\Iw
alÀjn-amÀ AhnsS kt½-fn-¨n-cp¶ ]pWy-kv\m-\-¯nsâ
ZÀi-\¯ - n \mc-Zsâ hoW-bn \n¶pw kcn-K-a-]-[\n
F¶ sshcm-Kyt_mt[m±o-]-Ia - mb kzc-hn-tijw apg-§n.
{]m]-©n-IN - n-´b
- n \ns¶m-gnªv \mc-Z³ `K-hXv IYm-
ckw Bkz-Zn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ Km\m-em]w
tI«v kÀh-N-cm-Nc - -§fpw B\-µ-\n-a-á-cmbn `àn-a-b-amb
At±-l-¯nsâ Km\w a\p-jy-sc-bpw, arK-§-sf-bpw, tZh-
·m-sc-bpw, In¶-c-·m-sc-bpw, KÔÀh-·m-sc-bpw, A]vk-c-
Êp-Is - f-bpw, arK-§-sfbpw BIÀjn-¨p-sIm-­n-cp-¶p. B
L«-¯n AhnsS ]{´­p hÀjw \o­p-\n¡p¶ Hcp
alm-bÚw \S-¶n-cp-¶p. bÚ-¯m thZ-Ú\pw X]-
kznbpw Úm\-s sh-c mKy k¼-¶ -\ p-a mb iu\-I - a -
lÀjnbpw AXp-t]m-ep-Å-hcpw ]s¦Sp-¯n-cp-¶p. {_Ò-
]p-{X\pw `à-hc - y-\p-amb \mc-Z³ hcp-¶-Xp-I­v ap\n-am-
scÃmw Fgp-t¶äv \a-kvI-cn¨v At±-l-¯n\v btYm-NnXw
BXnYyw \ÂIn. t{ijvT-amb Bk-\-¯n Ccp¯n FÃm-
hcpw bYm-Øm\w Ccp-¶-Xn-s\-¯p-SÀ¶v iu\-Im-Zn-IÄ
hn\-b-]qÀÆw \mc-Z-t\mSv tNmZn-¨p. ""`K-h³, {_Ò-]p-{Xm,
apàn-t\-Sp-hm-\pÅ D]mbw F´mWv? R§Ä¡v ]d-ªp-
X-¶mepw''.
2. CXyp-à-kvXm³ ktlm-hmN \mcZx kXvIpe
`thm-]\ - oXx kay-Kp-]-\-b\ ]qÀhIw NXp-Ý-Xzm-
cnw-iXv kwkvImc k¼¶x kzm`n-a-ssXI Kpcp-k-
aot] kzmim-J m- [ y-b\ ]qÀhIw kÀh hnZym-
`ymkw IrXzm ZzmZ-i-hÀj ip{iq-jm-]qÀhIw {_Ò-
Ncyw ]©-hnw-iX - n-hÕ
- cw KmÀlØyw ]©-hnw-
i- X n-h -Õ cw hm\- {]Øm{iaw XZzn- [ n-h - X v {I-a m-
¶nÀhÀXy NXpÀhn[ {_Ò- N cyw jUv h n[w
N P
KmÀlØyw NXpÀhn[w hm\-{]Ø ZÀ½w kar- K
K-`yky XZp-NnXw IÀ½-kÀhw \nÀhÀXy km[\
NXp-jvSb k¼¶x kÀh-k w-km-tcm-]c - n-a-t\m-hm-
¡mb IÀ½-`nÀ bYm-im-\n-hr-¯-kvXYm hmk-ss\-
j-tW, ]cy-]-\nÀsshcx imt´m-Zm´x k\ymko
]c-a-lwkm {itaWm kvJenX kzkz-cq-][ - ym-t\\
tZl-XymKw Itcm-Xnk kayIv `hXn kaptàm
`hXn Xyp]-\n-j-Xv.
CXp-t I«v \mc- Z ³ {]k-¶ -N n-¯ -\ mbn C§s\
]dªp:þ ""alÀjnam-sc, kXvIp-e-Pm-X-\mb Hcp a\p-jy³
D]-\o-X-\m-bn-sÃ-¦n BZy-ambn Ahs\ D]-\-b\w sN¿n-
¡-Ww. ]ns¶ NXpÀhnw-iXn kwkv¡m-c-k-¼¶ - -\mb Hcp
Kpcp-hnsâ B{i-a-¯n t]mbn Xma-kn-¡-Ww. AhnsS
Kpcp-hns\ ip{iq-jn¨v kzimJ A`y-kn-¡-Ww. ]ns¶
kÀh hnZy-Ifpw A`y-kn¨v Kpcp ip{iq-jm-\n-c-X-\mbn Ign-
b-Ww. Cu L«-¯n ]cn-]qÀ® {_Ò-Ncyw thWw.
]ns¶ Ccp- ]-¯n- b©p sImÃw Krl-Øm- {ia [À½w ]men-
¡-Ww. ]ns¶ 25 hÀjw hm\-{]-Øm-{iaw kzoI-cn¨v
AXnse \nb-a-§Ä bYm-hn[n ]men-¡-Ww. {_Ò-Ncyw
\mep-hn-[-sa¶v Úm\n-IÄ ]d-bp-¶p. KmÀlØyw Bdp-
hn-[w. hm\-{]Øw \mep-hn-[a - m-Wv. Ah-sb-¸-än-sbÃmw
bYm-hn[n A`y-kn¨v AXm-Xm-{ia [À½-§Ä \nÀh-ln-
¡-Ww. ]ns¶ km[\ NXp-jvSb k¼-¶-\mbn euInI
Nn´ shSnªv at\m-hm-¡m-b-§-fm kÀh-hn- [-apÅ Bi-
I-sfbpw Gj-W-§- sf-bpw, hmk-\-I-sfbpw kÀhYm shSn-
b-Ww. BtcmSpw tZzjw hln-¡msX a\-Ên-s\bpw C{µn-
b-§-sfbpw Pbn¨v k\ym-km-{i-a-¯n Xsâ Ahy-b-amb
kzkz-cq]w Nn´n¨psIm-­n-cn-¡-Ww. C§s\ [ym\-\n-c-
X-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶-Xn-\p-tijw tZl-]p-cn-XymKw sN¿p-¶-h³
tam£w {]m]n-¡p-¶p. CXmWv D]-\n-j¯ - nsâ A\p-im-
k- \w.
c­mw D]-tZiw
1. AY ssl\w `K-h´w \mcZm kÀth iu\-Im-
Ztbx {]Nvipx!! t`m `K-h³ k\ym-k -hn[nw t\m
{_plo-X n. Xm\-h -t emIy \mc-Z -k v X Xv kzcq]w
k À h w ] nX m- a - l - a p - t J - s s \ h Ú mX p - N nX
anXypàzm k{X-bmK ]qÀ¯y-\´ - cw ssXx kl-
k- X y- t em-I w- K Xzm hn[n- h Xv {_Ò- \ n- j v T m-] cw
]ctajvTn\w XXzm kvXpXzm btYm-NnXw XZm-Ú-
bmssXx ktlm-]-hniy \mcZx ]nXm-a-l-ap-h m-N.
""KpcpkvXzw P\-IkvXzw kÀh hnZym-c-l-kyÚx
kÀhÚ kvXzatXm at¯m aZnjvSw cl-ky-taIw
hàhyw; XZzn-\ m, aZ-` n-a -X -c -l kyw hàzw Ix
kaÀ°x? InanXn tNXv ]cn-{hmPy kzcq-] -{Iaw
t\m{_q-l oXn \mc-tZ\ {]mÀ°nXx ]c-tajvT o
kÀhXx kÀhm-\h - t- emIy aplqÀ¯-am{Xw kam-
[n-\n-jvtTm-`qXzm kwkm-cmÀ¯n \nhr-Xy-t\z-jW
 506
I CXn \nÝnXy \mc-Za- -ht- emIy Xaml ]nX-alw:þ
]pcm-a Xv ]p{X- ] p- c pj kqtàm- ] - \ n- j - {Z- l ky
{]Imcw \nc- X n- i - b m- I m- c m- h - e w- _ n\m hncmSv
]pcptjtWm-]ZnjvSw clkyw tX hnhn-tNym-NytX
XXv{I-a-aXn clkyw _mV-a-h-lntXm `qXzm-{iq-
b-X mw.''
A\-´cw iu\-ImZn alÀjn-amÀ FÃm-hcpw IqSn
`K-hm³ \mc-Zt- \mSp ]dªp:þ ""{]t`m R§Ä¡v k\ym-
k-hn[n ]dªp XcWw''. CXp-tI«v \mc-Z³ k´p-jvS-
\mbn Ir]-tbmsS ]dªp:þ "k\ym-k-¯nsâ ]qÀ® kzcq-
]-s¯-¸än ]nXm-a-l-\mb {_Òm-hnsâ apJ-¯nÂ\n¶pw
X\s\ tIÄ¡p-I-bmWv t{ib-kvI-cw.' ]ns¶ bmK-k-am-
]vXn¡ptijw FÃm-h-scbpw Iq«n \mc-Z³ {_Ò-tem-I¯p
sN¶v {_Ò-[ ym-\] - -cm-b -W-\m-bn-cp¶ ]c-ta-j vT n-bmb
{_Òm-hns\ \a-kvI-cn¨v kvXpXn-¨p. {_Òmhv FÃm-h-
scbpw bYm-tbmKyw Bk-t¶m-]-hn-jvT-cm-Im³ \nÀt±-in-
¨p. At¸mÄ \mc-Z³ {_Òm-hn-t\mSp ]d-ªp. ""{_Ò³,
A§v R§-fpsS Kpcp-hpw, ]nXm-hpw, kÀh-Ú-\pw, kÀh-
hnZym hÃ-`-\p-am-W-tÃm. AXn-\m kZbw F\n-¡-dn-tb­
Hcp clkyw ]d-ªp-X-cW - w. Cu clkyw F\n¡p a\-
Ên-em¡pw hn[w ]d-ªp-X-cm³ aäm-cp-an-Ã. Fsâ B{Klw
km[n-¸n-¡m³ k¶²s\¦n k\ym-k-¯nsâ kzcq-]-
{I-a§
- sf ChnsS IqSn-bn-cn-¡p¶ R§Äs¡-Ãm-hÀ¡pw
th­n D]-tZ-in-¡p-I.'' \mc-Zsâ A`yÀ°-\t- I«v {_Òmhv
H¶p ISm-£n¨ tijw Aev]k - -abw kam-[n-Ø-\m-bn-cp-
¶p. ]ns¶ P\-\-a-cW - c
- q-]a
- mb Cu {]]-©nI ZpxJ-§-
fnÂ\n¶pw tamN\w t\Sm-\pÅ D]m-b-sa-s´¶v Nn´n-
¡m³ XpS§n. ]ns¶ I®p-Xp-d¶v \mc-Zs\ t\m¡n
]dªp:þ ""\mc-Z, ]­v ]pcp-j-kq-à-¯nepw D]-\n-j-
¯nepw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡-s¸-«n-cp¶ \nKqV cl-ky-§Ä¡-\p-
Iq-e-ambn kÀh-t{i-jvT\pw Znhy-\p-amb hncmSv ]pcp-j³
F\n¡v D]-tZ-in¨Xp Xs¶ Rm³ \n§Ä¡pIw D]-tZ-
in¨p Xcm-\p-t±-in-¡p-¶p.''
2. t`m \mc-Z , hn[n-h -Z m-Zm-h -\ p-] -\o-tXm-] -\ -b-\ m-
\´cw XXv kXvIp-e-{]-kqXx ]nXr-amXr hnt[bx
]nXr-k-ao-]m-Z-\yt{X kXv k{¼-Zmb Øw {i²m-
h´w kXvI p-e -` hw t{im{Xn-b w, imkvt{Xm-h m-
Õeyw KpW-h´ - -a-Ip-Snew kZvKp-cp-am-kmZy \Xzm-
b- t Ym- ] - t bmK ip{iq- j m- ] qÀhIw kzm`n- a Xw
hnÚm]y ZzmZ-ih - Àj tkhm-]pcx kcw kÀh-hn-
Zym-`ymkw IrXzm XZ-\p-Úbm kzIp-em-\p-c] - m-`n-
aX I\ymw hnhmly ]©-hnw-iXn hÂkcw Kpcp-
Ip-eh- mkw IrXzmY KpÀh-\p-Úbm Krl-tØm-
Nn-X - I Àa IpÀh-µ nÀ {_mÒWy \nhr- ¯ n-taXy
kzhw-i-hr-²n-Imax ]p{X-ta-Ia - m-kmZy KmÀl-tØym-
NnX ]©-hnw-iXn hÕcw XoÀ°zm-XXx ]©hnw-
iXn hÕc ]cy´w {Xnj-h - W - a p- Z -I -k v] Ài\
]qÀhIw NXpÀ°-Im-e-ta-I-hm-ca - m-lm-ca
- m-lc¶mb-
N P
taI Gh h\tØm `qXzm ]pc-{Km-a-{]m-à\ kR- K
©mcw hnlmb \nInc hnc-ln-XX - Z- m-{inX IÀtam-
NnX IrXyw \nÀhÀXy Zrjv S {ihW hnjb
s sh X r - j vW y- t aXy N Xzm- c nw- i X v kwk vIm-
ck¼¶x kÀhtXm hnc-à - Ý n¯ ip²n-t aXy
Bim- k q-tbÀjym-l w-I mcw `Kv[ zm km[-\ -N Xp
jvSb k¼¶x k\y-kvXp-aÀl-Xo-Xyp-]-\n-j-Xv.
""\mc-Z, k\ym-k-¯nsâ kzcq-]hpw {Iahpw Gähpw
cl-ky-am-Wv. Rm³ AXp ]d-bmw. {i²-tbmsS tIÄ¡p-
I. D¶X Ipe-Pm-X\pw amXm-]n-Xm-¡-fpsS BÚm-\p-
hÀ¯n-bp-amb Hcp _me³ D]-\o-X\ - m-bn-sÃ-¦n BZy-
ambn Ahs\ D]-\-b\w sN¿n-¡-Ww. ]n¶oSv B _me³
amXm-]n-Xm-¡sf ]ncnªv {i²m-hm\pw kXvIp-e-Pm-X\pw
t{im{Xn-b\pw imkv{X-PvR\pw KpW-hm\pw BÀP-h_ - p-
²n-bp-amb Hcp-k-ZvKp-cp-hs\ kao-]n¨v Kpcp-Ip-e-hm-k-a\- p-
jvTn-¡- Ww. Kpcp-ip-{iqjm XXv]- c-\mbn At±-l-¯nsâ ]mZ-
§-fn hoWp \a-kvI-cn¨v B{Klw At±-ls¯ Adn-bn-
¡-Ww. ]ns¶ Kpcp-hnsâ BÚm-\p-k-cWw shfn-bnÂ
]{´­p hÀj-¡mew Kpcp-ip-{iqj sNbvXv kÀh hnZy-
Ifpw A`y-kn-¡-Ww. A[y-b\w ]qÀ®-am-bm kzIp-e-
¯n-¶-\p-cq-]bpw a\-Ên-\n-W-§n-b-hf - p-amb Hcp I\y-Isb
Kpcp-hnsâ BÚm\p-k-cWw hnhmlw sNbvXv Ccp-]-
¯n-b-©p-hÀjw Krl-Øm-{i-an-bmbn Ign-b-Ww. kzhw-i-
hr-²nsb am{Xw em¡m¡n ]pt{Xm-ev]m-Z\w sN¿-Ww. Ccp-
]-¯n-b©p hÀjw Ign-ªm hm\-{]Øw kzoI-cn¨v
AXn Xs¶ Ccp-]-¯n-b©p hÀjw Nne-hg- n-¡-Ww.
{Xnk-Ôy- I-fnepw kv\m\w sN¿p-Ibpw ]IÂ \memw bma-
¯n Hcn-¡Â am{Xw Blmcw Ign¡pIbpw thWw.
{Kmahpw ]«-Whpw ]cn-Nb - -amÀ¤-§fpw Dt]-£n¨v GIm-
In-bmbn h\-¯n Xs¶ Ign-b-Ww. Dgp-Xp-hn-X-bv¡m³
{ian-¡msX In«p¶ Acntbm atäm tiJ-cn¨v AXp-sIm-
­p-am{Xw B{i-a-[À½w \nd-thän sFln-I-]m-c-{Xn-I-§-
fmb kpJ-t`m-K-§- fn XnI¨pw sshcmKyw IeÀ¶v \mev]-
Xp-hn[w kwkvImcw ssIsIm­v Nn¯s¯ kÀhYm
ip²-am¡n shbv¡-Ww. Bi, Akq-b, CuÀjy, Al-
¦mcw Ch \ntÈjw ssIhn«p km[-\-N-Xp-jvSb k¼-¶-
\m-b-h-\mWv k\y-kn-¡p-hm³ AÀl-\mbn«pÅXv F¶v
D]-\n-j¯v A\p-im-kn-¡p-¶p.
aq¶mw D]-tZiw
1. AY ssl\w \mcZx ]nXm-alw ]{]-Ñ þ ""`K-
h³, tI\ kwb- \ ym-k m-[ n- I mcn thtXy-] -a mZu
kw\ym-k m-[n-Im-cnWw \ncq]y ]ÝmXv k\ymk
hn[n-c p-Ny-tX. Ah-lnXx irWpx AY jWvU x
] c ntX m A wK - h n- I e x k vs s {X tW m _ [ n-
tcmÀ`tXm apIx ]mj-WvUÝ - {Io enwKo sshJm-
\k lc-ZznPu `rX-Im-[ym-]Ix in]n-hnjvtSm A\-
ántIm sshcm-Ky-h-t´m-t]ytX \ kw\ym-kmÀlx
 507

I kw\y-kvXm-b-Zy]n alm-hm-tIym-]-tZ-ti-\m-[n-Im- 7. AIÀa a{´-cl- nXw \mtXm-a{´w ]cn-Xy-tP-Xv. K

cnWx ]qÀh kw\ymko ]c-a-lw-km-[n-Imco a{´w hn\m IÀa IpcymXv `kva-\ym-lpXn
A\-´ cw \mc- Z ³ {_Òm- h n- t \mSp tNmZn¨p:þ hZv`-th-Xv.
""`Kh³, k\ymkw kzoI- cn-t¡-­-sX-§-s\-bmWv? AXn\v 8. hn[ypà IÀ½-kw-t£-]mXv kw\ym-kkvXzm
A[n-Imcn BcmWv? Zb-hmbn AXn-s\-¸än ]d-ªp Xcq.'' Xpcx kvarXx
{_Òmhv ]dªp:þ ""k\ymkw kzoI-cn-¡m-\pÅ A[n- Xkvam-Zm-Xpc k\ymtk a{´m-hr¯n hn[oÀ ½pt\
Imcn Bcm-sW¶v ]d-bmw. AXn-\p-tijw kw\ym-k-hn-[n-
sb-¸än Nn´n-¡mw. \]pw-k-I³, ]Xn-X³, AwK-hn-Ie - ³, BXpc k\ym-k-¯nsâ ka-b-ta-sX¶p tNmZn-¨mÂ
kvss{XW³, _[n-c³, _me-I³, aqI³, ]mj-WvU³, ac-W-Im-e¯v {]mW-{]-bm-W-k-a-b-sa¶v ]d-b-Ww. asämcp
N{In, enwKo-th-X\w ]äp¶ A[ym-]I - ³, in]n-hn-jvT³, ka-bhpw icn-b-Ã. icn-bmb ka-b¯v BXpc k\ymkw
Abm-Ún-I³ F¶n-hÀ hnc-àc - m-sW-¦n Xs¶bpw ssIh-¶m AXp-sIm-­p-Xs¶ apàn e`n-¡pw. Cu
k\ym-k-¯n-\-[n-Im-cn-I-f-Ã. apt¼ Xs¶ k\ym-km-{i-a- BXpc k\ymkw {Kln-¡- W-sa- ¶m-{K-l-ap-Å-hÀ ikvt{Xm-
¯n-\-\p-Iq-e-amb A\p-jvTm\w tNÀ¶-ht\ AXn {]th- à-amb a{´-§Ä D¨-cn¨v bYm-hn[n Bh-iy-apÅ IÀ½-
in-¡m³ tbmKy-X-bp-Åq. §-f\ - p-jvTn¨v a{´-]qÀÆw k\ymkw kzoI-cn-¡-Ww. BXp-
c-k-\ym-k-¯n\pw {Ia-k-\ym-k-¯n\pw hn[m-\-¯n amä-
1. ]tc-ssW-hm-ß\ - Ý
- m]n ]cssky hmß\w XYm an-Ã. Imc-Ww, IÀ½w a{´-t{]-cn-Xa
- m-Wv. Hmtcm a{´hpw
A`bw ka-hm-]vt\mXn k ]cn {hmUnXn kvarXnx IÀ½-hp-ambn _Ôn-¨-Xm-Wv. ka-{´-a-sÃ-¦n Hcp IÀ½
2. jWvtUmhnItem-]ytÔm _me-IÝ - m]n hpw bYmÀ°-IÀ½-am-hn-Ã. AXn-\m a{´w ssIhn-S-cp-
]mXIo Xv. a{´w IqSm-sX-bpÅ IÀ½w Xo sXm«- Xn-\p-tijw Nm¼-
en AÀ¸n-¡p¶ Blp-Xn-t]m-se-bm-Wv. imkv{X-{]-Im-c-
]Xn-XÝ ]c-Zzmco sshJm-\k lc-ZznPu
apÅ IÀ½-§Ä kwt£-]n¨p sNbvXm BXpc k\ym-
3. N{In-enw-KoN ]mjWvUo in]n hnjvtSm k-{Inb ]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m AXn a{´m-hr¯n
]y\ánIx Bh- iy-am-Wv.
Zzn{Xn hmtcW kw\ykvtXm `rX-Im-[ym
9. Bln-Xm-ánÀhn-c-àt- ÝXv tZim-´c KtXm-bZn
-]-tIm-]nhm
{]mPm-]t- {XjvTn a]vtkzh \nÀhr-ssXy-hmY
GtX \mÀl´n k\ym-ka - m-Xp-tcW hn\m-{I-aw.
km\y-tkXv
`b-an-Ãm-¯-h³ Bscbpw `b-s¸-Sp-¯m-¯-h³ A§- 10. a\km hmY hn[ypà a{´m hrXym-Yh - m-Pte
s\-bp-Å-h-s\-bmWv kvarXn-IÂ ]cn-{hm-P-I-s\¶p ]d-bp-
{ipXy-\p-j-Tm-\-amÀt¤W IÀ½m-\p-jvTm-\-tah hm
¶-Xv. jWvU-\pw, hnI-emw-K\ - pw, AÔ-\pw, _me-\pw,
]mX-In-bpw, ]Xn-X-\pw, ]c-Zmw-Km-an-bpw, sshJm-\-k-\mb 11. kam]y k\ytk ZznZzt¶m tNXv
{_mÒ-W-\pw, N{Inbpw, enwKn-bpw, ]mj-WvU-\pw, in]n- ]mXn-Xz-am-]v\p-bmXv
hn-jvS-\pw, Abm-Ún-I-\pw, thX\w ]äp¶ A[ym-]I - - 12. bZm a\ko kwPmXw sshXrjvWyw
\pw, ct­m aqt¶m XhW kw\ymkw kzoI-cn¨v Ign-ª- kÀh-h-kvXpjvT
h\pw BXp-ck - -\ym-kn-I-fmImw F¶m AhÀ {Ia-k- XZm k\ym-ka - n-tÑX ]XnXx kvamZzn-]c - ytbm
\ym-k- ¯n-\Àl-c-Ã.
13. hncàx {]tP-Xv[o-am³ kc-àkvXp
4.-BX- p-cI
- mex IY-am-cy-k½ - Xx {]mW-tkymXv Krtl-h-tkXv
{Ia-Wm-k¶
kcmtKm \cIw bmXn {]{h-P³ln ZznPm-[ax
Ime-kvXzm-Xp-c-kw-ÚnIx t\X-c-kvXzm-Xpcx
Imtem Aán-tlm-{X-am-N-cn-¡p-¶-h³ A\y-tZ-i-K-a\w sN¿p-
Ibpw AhnsS sh¨v hnc-à-\m-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXm Pe-
apàn-amÀ¤ {]hÀ¯Ix
¯n {]mPm-]-tXy-jSv n-IÀ½w sNbvXv kw\ymkw kzoI-
5. BXptc A]n N kw\ymtk X¯-·{´ cn-¡mw. Cu {]mPm-]Xy tbmKw a\-Êp-sImt­m bYm-hn-
]pcx-kcw [n-a{´w sImt­m thtZm-à-hn-[n-{]-Im-ctam thWw
a{´m-hr¯nw N IrssXzh kw\y-tkXv hn[n C§s\ sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw am{Xta k\ymkw kzoI-cn-
hXv _p[x ¡m-hq. AÃm-¯-]£w kz[À½-¯nÂ\n¶v A[x-]-Xn-¡p-
6. BXptc Ahn-{Ita hm]n ss{]j-Zt`m \ ¶p. bYmÀ°-amb hncàn tXm¶n- bm am{Xta k\ymkw
Ip{X-Nn-Xv. kzoI-cn-¡m³ B{Klw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡m-hq. AXn\p hn]-co-
X- a mb {]hÀ¯ \w a\p- j ys\ A[x- ] - X n- ¸ n- ¡ pw.
\ a{´w IÀa clnXw IÀ½ a{´-a-t]-£tX
N P
 508
I sshcmKyw h¶nt« k\ymkw kzoI-cn-¡m-hq. a\-ÊnÂ
cmKw Ah-ti-jn-¡p-¶p-sh-¦n Krl-¯n Xs¶ Ign-b-
Ww. a\-Ên cmKw Ahtijnt¡ k\ymkw kzoI-cn-
¡p¶ ZnPm-[c
- ³ \c-I-¯n ]Xn-¡p-¶p.
14. bssky-Xm\n kpKp-]vXm\n Pntlzm-]tØm
Zcw Icx
k\y-tk-ZI - r-tXm-Zzmtlm {_mÒtWm {_Ò
Ncy-hm³.
15. kwkm-ct- ah \nxkmcw ZrjvSzm kmcZn Zr£bm
{]{h-P-Xy-Ir-tXm-Zzmlx ]cw sshcm-Ky-am-{inXx
16. {]hr¯n e£Ww IÀa Úm\w-k-\ym
-k-e-£Ww
Xkvam-XÚ- m\w ]pc-kvIrXy kw\y-tk-Znl
_p²n-am³.
\m¡v, D]-Øw, hb-dv, ssIIÄ XpS-§nb C{µn-b-
§sf Pbn-¨n-«p-Å-h\pw Ahn-hm-l n-X\pw {_l-a-Ncy
k¼-¶ -\p-amb {_mÒ-W ³ kw\ymkw kzoI-cn¡mw.
kwkmcw anYy-sb¶p IcpXn kmc- h-kvX {Kln-¡m³ B{K-
l-t¯msS PvRm\n-bm-b-h³ ]qÀ® hnc-à\ - mbn Ahn-
hm-ln-X-\m-bn-cns¡ Xs¶ kw\ymkw kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p.
IÀ½w {]hr-¯n-bp-sSbpw Úm\w k\ym-k-¯nsâbpw
{][m\ e£-W-§-fm-W.v AXn-\m _p²n-am-\mb hyàn
PvRm\w e£y-am-¡n-s¡m-­p-thWw k\ymkw kzoI-cn-
¡m³.
17. bZm Xp hnZnXw XXzw ]cw-{_Ò k\m-X-\wx
XssZ-I-ZWvUw kwKrly tkm]-hoXmw
inJmw XytP-Xv.
18. ]c-am-ß\n tbm càx hnctàm ]cam-ß\n
kÀssh-j -Wm-hn-\nÀapàx kss`£w
t`màp-apÀl-Xn.
19. ]qPntXm h´nXssÝh kp{]-k t¶m bYm
`thXv XYm-tN-¯m-Uy-am-\kvXp XZm `hXn
ss`£-`p¡v
20. Al-ta-hm-£cw {_Ò hmkp-tZ-hm-Jy-a-Zzbw
CXn-`mthm {[pthm bky XZm `hXn
ss`£-`p-Iv.
21. bmkvan³ im´nx-iax iuNw kXyw kt´mj
BÀPhw AInw-N\ - Z- w-`Ý k ssIh-eym-{ita
htkXv
22. bZm \ IcptX `mhw kÀh-`q-tXjvT ]m]Iw
IÀ½Wm a\km hmN XZm-`-hXn ss`£-`p¡v
23. Zi-e£ - -WIw [À½-a-\p-Xn-jvT³ kam-lnXx
thZm-´³ hn[n-h-Xv{ipXzm kw\y-tk-Z-
\ytWm XznPx
N P
]c-aX- ·- m-ß-I-amb k\m-X\ {_Ò-Úm\w e`n-
K
¨m GI-Z-WvU-Zm-cn-bmbn ]qWqepw inJbpw ssIsh-Sn-
b-Ww. ]c-am-ßm-hn A\p-cp-à\pw XZv`n-¶-amb kI-e-
Xnepw sshcm-Kyhpw DÅ-h\pw Gj-W-{X-b-cl - n-X\pw
am{Xta `n£m¶w Bin-¡p-hm³ AÀl-X-bp-Åq. Bß-
{]-iwk BZcw Ch-sIm­pw km[m-cW a\p-jy³ {]k-
¶-\m-Ip-t¼mÄ XmUn-¡s - ¸-«X
- n\p tijhpw AXv {]k-
¶-Xb - v¡n-S\- ÂIp-s¶-¦n am{Xta `n£m¶w Bin-¡p-
hm³ AÀl-X-bp-Åq. Xm³ A£-c{- _Òw Xs¶-sb¶p
hniz-kn-¡m³ Ign-bp-¶-ht\ `n£m¶w `£n-¡m-\[ - n-Im-
c-ap-Åq. iàn, {`aw, iaw, iuNw, kt´m-jw, kXyw
kmcfyw Zw`-an-Ãmbva [\-¯n A\m-kàn F¶n-h-tbm-
Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\p-am-{Xta k\ym-km-{i-a-{]-th-i\ - ¯
- n\v AÀl-
X-bp-Åq. k\ym-kn¡v a\km hmNm IÀ½Wm H¶n-t\mSpw
CuÀjy CÃm-Xn-cn-¡-Ww. C§-s\-bpÅ hninjvS at\m-
`mhw ssIsIm­v GIm-{K-Nn-¯-\mbn D]-\n-j¯ - p-IÄ
{ihn¨v {_Ò-Nc - y-a-\p-jvSn¨v kzm[ymbw sN¿p¶ Ejn
EW-hn-ap-à-\m-Ip-¶p. k\ymkw kzoI-cn-t¡-­Xv bÚm-
\p-jv Tm-\ -¯ m tZh-· m-t cm-S pÅ EW-¯ n \n¶pw
]pt{Xm-Xv]¯n aptJ\ ]nXr- ¡-tfm- SpÅ EW-¯n \n¶pw
apà-\m-b-Xn\p tij-am-Wv.
24. [rXnx £am ZtamkvtXbw iuNan
{µnb-\n-{Klx
[oÀ hnZym kXy-a-t{ImtYm ZiIw [À½-e£ - -Ww.
25. AXo-Xm¶ \kva-tcZv t`mKm³ \ XYm
\mK-Xm-\]n
{]m]vXmwÝ \m`n-\-tµZyx k ssIheym
{ita htkXv
26. A´x-Ø m-\o-{µo-bm-Wy-´À_-ln-jvT m³
hnj-bm³ _lnx
iIvt\m-Xnbx kZm IÀ¯pw k ssIheym
{ita htkXv
27. {]mtW KtX bYm tZlx kpJw ZpxJw \
hnµXnXYm-tNXv {]mW-bptàm ]n k ssIheym
{ita- h-t k-Xv .
[rXn, £a, Zaw, AkvtX-bw, iuNw, C{µn-b-\n-{K-
lw, [o hnZy, kXyw, At{Im[w Ch ]¯mWv [À½-
¯nsâ e£-Ww. Ignª Ime¯v A\p-`-hn-¨n-«pÅ t`mK-
§-sf-¸än Nn´n-¡p-Itbm Ct¸mÄ A\p-`-hn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-
¡p-¶-hsb kzmKXw sN¿p-Itbm `mhn-bn e`n-¡m-\n-S-
bpÅ t`mK-§Ä B{K-ln-¡p-Itbm sN¿m-¯-h-\mWv
k\ym-km-{i-a¯- n hkn-¡m³ tbmKy³. A´x-Øm-\o-
b- §-fmb C{µo-b-§Ä¡pw _mlym-´- co- I-hn-j-b-§Ä¡pw
a\-Ên Øm\w sImSp-¡m-Xn-cn-¡m³ Ign-hp-Å-h\ - mWv
k\ym-km-{i-a¯
- n\v A[n-Im-cn. {]mW³ shSnª ico-c-
¯n\v kpJZpxJm\p`hw D­m-Im-¯-Xp-t]mse Xs¶
 509
I {]mW-\n-cn-¡p-t¼mgpw kpJ-Zpx-J-§Ä _m[n-¡m-¯-h-\mWv
k\ym-kn-bm-Im³ tbmKy³.
28. Iu]o-\-bp-Kfw IÙm ZWvU GI ]cn-{Klx
btXx ]c-a-lw-kky \m[n Iw Xp hn[o-btX
29. bZn hm IpcptX cmKm-Z[- n-Iky ]cn-{Klw
cuchw \cIw KXzm Xncy-tKym-\njp PmbtX
30. hnioÀWm-\y-a-em-t\yh tNem\n {KYn-Xm\n Xp
IrXzm IÙ w _lnÀhmtkm [mc- t b- ² m- X p- c -
RvP nXw
31. GI-hmkm Ahmkm hm GI ZrjvSn-ct- em-ep]x
GI Gh Ntc-¶nXyw hÀjm-tkz-I{X kwh-tkXv
32. IpSpw_w ]p{X-Zm-cmwÝ thZmw-Km\n N kÀhix
bÚw btÚm-]-hoXw N Xyàzm KqV-Ý -tc-
ZyXnx
c­p Iu]o\w Hcp ]g-´pWn Hcp hSn F¶nh
k\ymkn kzoI-cn-¡-Ww. CXn IqSp-X ]mSn-Ã. AXym-
i-bm IqSp-X hkvXp-¡Ä {Kln-¨m ac-Wm-\´ - cw
cuc-h-\-cI- -¯n ]Xn-¨p. ]ip ]£ymZn XncyIv tbm\n-
I-fn P\n-¡p-¶p. ioX hÀjm-Zn-I-fnÂ\n¶pw tamN-\-
¯n\v PoÀ®n¨ ip²-h-kv{X-§Ä Iq«n-¯¨v hkv{X-am-¡-
Ww. ]ns¶ hnP- \-Ø-e¯v Xma-kn-¡-Ww. Bh-iysa¦nÂ
Imjm-b-hkv{Xw [cn-¡mw. GI hkv{X-[m-cn-bmtbm \á-
\mtbm Ign-bmw. I®v A§p-an§pw ]mbn-¡msX Hcn-S¯p-
d-¸n-¡-Ww. a\-Ên Hcp-hn[ B{K-l¯- n\pw CSsImSp-
¡-cp-Xv. GI-\mbn am{Xw k©-cn-¡W
- w. kv{Xo, ]pcp-j³,
IpSpw-_w, thZmw-K{- KÙ§Ä, bÚw, btÚm-]-hoXw
Ch kÀhYm shSn-b-Ww. C§s\bpÅ k\ymkn Xsâ
alXzw ]d-ªp-sIm­p \S-¡m-sX bm{X sN¿-Ww.
33. Imax t{Im[-kvX-Ym-ZÀt¸m tem`
taml-Z-b-Ýtb
XmwkvXp tZmjm³ ]cn-XyPy ]cn-{hm¬
\nÀ½tam `th-Xv.
34. cmK-tZz-j-hn-bp-àmßm ka-temjvTm
iva Im©\x
{]mWn lnwkm-\n-hr-¯Ý ap\nx-kymXv
kÀh \nkvarlx
35. `w`m-l¦ - mc \nÀaptàm lnwkm ss]
iqXy hÀPnXx
Bß-Úm-\-Kp-tWm-t]tXm bXnÀ
tam£-a-]m-]v\p-bmXv
36. C{µn-bmWmw {]kw-tK\ tZmj-ar-ÑXy kwibx
kw\n-b-ayXp Xmt\yh XXx kn²nw \nK-ÑXn
37. \ PmXp-Imax Imam-\m-ap-]-t`m-tK\ imayXn
lhnjzm IrjvW-hÀtßh `qX Ghm`n hÀ²tX
N P
38. {ipXzm krjvSmb N `àmb ZrjvSm {LmXzm K
Nb tbm \cx \ hrjyXn ¥mbXn hmk-hn-tÚ-
tbm-Pn-tX-{µnbx
39. bky hmMva-\kn ipt² kayIv Kp]vtX N
kÀhZm k ssh kÀh-a-hm-]v]t- \mXn thZmt´m
]KXw ^ew
40. k½m-\mZv {_mÒtWm \nXy apZzn-tPX hnjm
Znh Aar-X-tkyh NmImwt£ `h am\ky kÀhZm
FÃm hn[-¯n-epÅ aaX k\ymkn ssI shSn-b-
Ww. Imaw, t{Im[w, tem`w, tamlw, Al-¦m-cw, XpS-§nb
tZmj-§ Ä ssI hnS-W w. cmK-t Zz-j m-[ n-I Ä Acp-X v.
kzÀ®hpw ]md-¡Ãpw Xpey ZrjvSn-bn ImW-Ww. {]mWn
lnwk ]mSn- Ã. \nkvar-l-\m-I-Ww. Zw`w, Al-¦m-cw, lnwk,
]c-\nµ Ch-bn \n¶v apà-\m-I-Ww. Cu KpW-§-fpÅ
k\ym-kn-bmWv tam£m-[n-Im-cn. C{µo-bm-kàn At\Iw
tZmj§Ä¡v Imc-W-am-Wv. C{µn-b-§Ä \nb-{´-W-¯n-em-
bm Ah kn²n {]Z-§-fm-Wv. t`mtKm-]-tZmKw sIm­v
Ima-hm-k-\IÄ ian-¡n-Ã. s\¿v Aán-sb-sb-¶t- ]mse
AXv Ahsb hÀ²n-¸n-¡p-Itb DÅq. ]cp-jtam a[p-ctam
Bb hm¡p tI«mepw kzmZp-ÅtXm AÃm-¯tXm Bb
Blm-c-km-[-\-§Ä `£n-¨mepw arZpthm ]cp-jtam Bb
hkvX p-¡ Ä kv] Àin-¨ mepw kpµ-ctam ZpÀK-Ô tam
Gämepw {]k-¶-Xtbm shdpt¸m CÃmsX FÃm-¯nepw
ka-`m-h-\-bp-Å -h-\mWv PntX-µn-b³ hnip² a\Êpw
hnip² hm¡pw tZmj-lo-\-\p-am-bht\ thZm´ {ihWw
sIm­pÅ ]qÀ® ^ew A\p-` -h n-¡ m³ km[n-¡ q.
kvXpXn hnjw t]mse D]-Imcw sN¿p-¶-Xm-sW¶pw
{_mÒ-WÀ Icp-tX-­-Xp-­v.
41. kpJw lyh-aXx titX kpJw N
{]Xn _p[ytX
kpJw NcXn temtIy kvan¶h-a´m hn\-iyXn
42. AXn-hmZmw kvXnXn t£X-\m-h-a-t\yX I©\
\tNaw tZl-am-{inXy sshcw Ip]oX tIm\-Nn-Xv.
43. {Ip²y´w \ {]Xn-{Ip-t[zZv B{IpjvS
Ipiew hntZ-Xv
k]vXZ- zmcm hIo˨mw N \ hmN-a-\rXmw htZXv
44. A²ym-ßX - n-cm-kot\m \nc-t]£m \ncm-inj
Bß-ss\h klm-tb\ kpJmÀ°o hnN-tc-Znl
45. C{µn-bmWmw \ntcm-t[\ cmK-tZzj £tbW
N Alnw-kbm N `qXm-\m-a-ar-X-Xzmb Iev]t- X.
A]-am-\-¯n-\n-c-bmb hyàn kpJ-ambn Dd-§p-Ibpw
DW-cp-Ibpw k©-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. F¶m Ahs\
A]-am-\n-¨h
- ³ kzbw \in-¡p-¶p. Cu icocw \iz-ca - m-
Wv. A§-s\-bpÅ ico-c-hp-ambn BtcmSpw i{XpXzw ]mSn-
Ã. tIm]n-¡p-¶h- c
- psS t\À¡pw tIm]-ac
- p-Xv. Ak`yw
 510

I ]d-bp-¶-h-tcmSv Bam-Xncn hm¡p-IÄ ]d-bmsX \Ã hm¡v Al-¦mcw kÀhYm Dt]-£n-¡pI \· B{K-ln-¡p-¶-h³

K
]d-bp-I. c­p I®v, c­v sNhn, c­p \mkm-Zzmcw apJw AXn\p ]pdsI t]mI-cp-Xv. {]nb-P-\-§-fn kpIr-Xhpw
Cu Ggp-Zzm- c-§-fp-ambn hm¡v _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXns\ i{Xp-¡-fn ZrjvIr-Xhpw ImWp¶ at\m-`mhw shSnªv
Hcn-¡epw AkXy `mj-W¯ - n-te¡v \bn-¡c - p-Xv. kpJ- Ah-cp-ambn _Ô-s¸-Sm-Xn-cn-¡p-I. [ym\ \njvT-\mb km[-
an-Ñn-¡p-¶-h³ B[ym-ßnI Nn´ hln-¡p-Ibpw ØnX- I\v {_Òs¯ {]m]n-¡m³ Ignbp-¶p. {ItaW kÀh-hn-
Nn-¯-Xt- bmsS BtcmSpw H¶pw bmNn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw j- b- §- fnepw A\m- k- à- \mbn C{µn- b- §- fn \n¶v tamN\w
thWw. a\-Ên Hcp B{K-lhpw D­m-Im-\nS sImSp-¡- t\Sn k\ymkn ]c-{_-Ò¯ - n ebn-¡p-¶p. kn²n B{K-
cp-Xv. Bh-iy-an-ÃmsX aäp-Å-hc - psS klmbw tXS-cp-Xv. ln-¡p-¶-h³ aäp-Å-hsc B{i-bn-¡msX GI-\mbn Ncn-
GI-\mbn k©-cn-¡-Ww. C{µn-b-§sf Pbn¨v cmK-tZz-jm- ¡-Ww. k\ymkn aäp-Å-h-cpsS kn²n-I­v Xsâ km[\
Zn-IÄ shSnªv Hcp Pohn-sbbpw lnwkn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶- shSn-bp-Itbm kn²n lo\-\m-Ip-Itbm sN¿p-¶n-Ã.
h³ Aar-XXzw t\Sp-¶p. 54. I]mew hr£-aq-em\n IptN-em\y klm-bXm
46. AØn-ØqWw kv\mbp-_Ôw amwk kaXm ssNh. kÀh-·n-t¶X apàky e£Ww
timWn-X-te-]nXw 55. kÀh `qX-lnXx im´-kv{Xo-Z Wv U o k Ia-
NÀ½m-h-_²w ZpÀKÔn ]qÀ®w aq{X-]q-co-jtbmx WvUep GIm-cmax ]cn-{hPy `n£mÀ°w {Kma-am-
47. Pcm-timI kam-hnjvSw tcmK-bXu amXpcw hn-ti-X v.
cP-kz-e-a-\nXyw N `qX-hm-ka- naw XytPXv 56. GtIm `n£pÀb-tYmàx kymZv Zzmthh anYp\w
48. amwkm-krIv ]qb hn¬aq{X kv\mbp aÖm kvarXw. {Xtbm-{Kmax kam-JymX DuÀ[zw Xp
Ønkw-lXu tZtl tNXv {]oXn-am³ aqtUm `hn- \K-cm-b-tX.
Xm-\-c-tI]n kx 57. \Kcw \ln-IÀ¯hyw {Kmtam h anYp\w XYm
49. km Ime-]p-{X-Zzokm `hnkm alm-hoNn hmKpcm GXXv {Xbm-{]-IpÀhmWx kz[À½mXv
NyhtX bXo
\mkn-]{- X-a-\t- {iWo bm tZtl
laXn kwØnXnx 58. cmP-hmÀ¯mZn tXjmw kymZv `n£m-hmÀ¯
]c-k v]cw
50. km XymPym kÀh-b-tX\ kÀh\m ti ]yp
kvt\l sshiq-\y-am-Õcyw k¶n-IÀ
]ØntX kv{]jvSyhym km \ `thy\ k izamw
jm-¶-kw-ibx
tkh ]pev¡ko
59. GImIo \nx kv]rl-kvXn-jvtT-¶l
51. {]ntbjp tkzjp kpIrX a{]n-tbjp N
tX\ klm-et- ]Xv
ZpjvIrXw
ZZym-¶m-cm-bt- W-tXyh {]Xn-hmIyw kZm-bXnx
hnkrPy [ym\-tbm-tK\ {_Òm-t]yXn k\m-X\w
60. GImIo Nn´-tbXv {_Ò at\m
52. At\\ hn[n\m kÀhmw-kvXyIvXzm kwKm³
hm¡mb IÀa`nx
iss\x iss\x kÀh-Zz-ssµzÀ hn\nÀ½ptàm
arXypw N \m `n\-tµX PohnXw hm IY-©\
{_mÒtWy hmh-Xn-jvTtX
IpSn-¡m³ I]m-e-sa¶ ac- ¸m-{Xw Xma-kn-¡m³ hr£-
53. GI Gh Ntc-¶nXyw kn²yÀ° ak-lm-bIx
aqew [cn-¡m³ PoÀ®n¨ XpWn Ch ssIs¡m-Å-Ww.
kn²n-ta-Iky ]iy³ ln \ PlmXn \ lobtX GIm-In-bm-bn-¡g- n-bp¶ at\m-`mhw FÃm-h-tcmSpw ka-`m-
icocw tcmK-a-b-am-Wv. AØn-IÄ CXn XqWp-IÄ h\ Ch-bmWv Poh-·p-à-e-£-Ww. {]im-´\pw ZWvU-I-
t]mse kv\mbp-¡Ä Ib-dn\p kaw. AXv amwk-c-àm-Zn- a-WvU-e p-[m-cnbpw Bßm-cm-a-\p-am-bn-cn-¡-Ww. k©-cn-
I-fm te]\w sN¿-s¸«v NÀ½m-hr-X-am-bn. ae-aq-{X-]q-cn- ¡pt¼mfpw GIm-In-bm-bn-cn-¡-Ww. `n£t¡ \Kc§fnÂ
X-amb AXv ZpÀK-Ô-]qÀ®-am-Wv. hmÀ²Iy timI-k-´m- {]th-in-¡m-hq. k\ym-kn-bm-bm GIm-In-bmbn Ign-b-Ww.
]m-Zn-I-fm BXp-ca - m-bp-ÅXv \nXy-aà GIm-In-bmb k\ym-kntb ^n£p F¶v ]d-bp-¶p. ASp-
- m-Wn-Xv. cP-kz-ea
`qXm-hm-km-amb CXv XyPn-¡p-I. amwkw càw aew aq{Xw ¯p-h-cm³ Bsc-bp-a-\p-h-Zn-¡-cp-Xv. bÝ-amtbm {Kma-amtbm
aÖ AØn Ch-bpsS kam-hm-b-amb Cu tZl-¯n \K-c-amtbm hkn-¡p¶ k\ymkn kz[À½-Nyp-X-\m-Ip-¶p.
{]oX-h-ln-¡p¶ apV³ \c-I-¯n\p ]m{X-am-Wv. Al- ]ecpw tNcp-t¼mÄ ]e-hn-[¯ - n-epÅ NÀ¨¡v CS-h-cp-
¦mcw Ime-kq-{X-sa¶ \c-I-¯nsâ amÀ¤-am-W.v alm-hoNn ¶p. AXv kv t \l- t Zz-
j m- [n- I Ä¡v Imc-Wa
- m-Imw. aäp-Å-
F¶ \c-I-¯n-se-¯n-¡m³ t]m¶ Hcp he-bm-Wn-Xv. hÀ ]d-bp¶ Imcy-§Ä¡v D¯-c-ambn ""\mcm-bW'' F¶p
Akn-]-{X- \-c-I- ¯n F¯m-\pÅ tImWn- ¸- Sn-bm- Wn-Xv. Cu am{Xw D¨-cn-¡-Ww. GIm-´-hm-kn-bmbn am\-kn-I-hm-NnI
Alw`mhw ]«n-amwkw Xn¶p¶ NWvUm- en- \n- bvs¡m- ¸amWv. ImbnI {Inb-IÄ tIhew {_Òs¯ am{Xw [ym\n-¡m-\n-
N P
 511

I S-sIm-Sp-¡p-¶-Xm-h-Ww. ac-W-s¯tbm Pohn-X-s¯tbm A`n- hnj-b -§-fn A\m-k-à -\mb `n£p apKv[³ F¶ K
\-µn-¡m\pw ]mSn-Ã. t]cn Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.
61. Ime-tah {]oX-t£X bmh-Zmbpx kam-]ytX 69. \Sm-Zn-t{]-jWw ZyqXv {]aZm kplrZw XYm
\m`n-\-tµX acWw \m`n-\-tµX PohnXw Ime `£yw t`mPy-ap-ZIymw N j¬ \ ]tiyXv
tah {]Xo-t£X \nÀt±iw `rXtIm bYm IZm-N\
62. APnlzx jWvUIx ]wKp-ctÔm _[nc 70. cmKw tZzjw aZw ambmw t{Zmlw tamlw
Gh N ]cm-ßkq
apKv[Ý arNytX `n£p jUv`n-tc-ssXÀ \ kwibx jtU-Xm\n bXnÀ \nXyw a\km \ Nn´-tbXv
63. CZ-an-jvS-anZw t\Xn tbm iv\¶]n \ kÖXn 71. a©Iw ip¢]n hkv{Xw N kv{XoIYm euey-
lnXw kXyw anXw hàn Xa-Pnlzw {]N-£tX tah N Znhm-kz]v\w N bm\w N bXo\mw ]mX-\m-
\njvSv
64. AZy PmXmw bYm \mcow XYm tjmUi
hmÀjnIow 72. Zqc-bm{Xmw {]b-tX-\\ hÀÖtb `mß Nn´Ix
iX-hÀjmw N tbm ZrjvSzm \nÀhn-Imcx ktZm-]\ - n-jZw hnZym-a-`y-tk\ apàn sslXpIow
k jWvUIx 73. \ XoÀ°-tk-ho-\nXyw kymt¶m-]-hm-k-
65. `n£mÀ°-a-S\w bky hn¬aq-{X-I-cW - mb N ]tcm bXnx
tbmP-\m-¶-]cw bmXn kÀhYm ]wKp-tch kx \ Nm[y-b\ ioex kym¶ hymJym\ ]tcm-`-thXv
66. XnjvTtXm {hPtXm hm]n bky N£pÀ 74. A]m-]a iTw hr¯-a-PnÒw \nXy-am-Nt- cXv
\ ZpÀKw C{µn-bmWn kam-lrXy IpÀt½m 
NXp-cypKmw `phw apàzm ]cn-{hmSv tkm Km\oh kÀhix
Ô DNytX 75. £otW-{µn-b-a-t\m-hr-¯nÀ \ncm-ioÀ \njv]-cn-
67. lnXm-lnXw at\m-cmaw hNx timIm-hlw Xp {Klx \nÀZztµm \nÀ¶-a-kvImtcm \nx tkz[m-Imc
bXv {ipXzm ]n \ irtWm-Xoh _[ncx k {]IoÀ GhN
¯nXx 76. \nÀ½tam \nc-lI - mtcm \nc-t]-£m-\n-cm-injx
68. km¶nt²y hnj-bmWmw bx kaÀt°m hnI- hnhn-à-tZ-kk - w-ktàm apNytX \m{X kwibx
te-{µnbx kp]vXh - Z- zÀ¯tX \nXyw k Xsâ _Ôp-¡ -s ftbm \mS-Im-ZnIsftbm NqXv,
`n£pÀapKv[ DNy-tX. bphXn cP-kze D¯a t`mPyw Ch-tbtbm k\ymkn
ac-W-k-abw hsc Imew {]Xo-£n-¨n-cn-¡-Ww. ac-W- t\m¡-cp-Xv. cmKw, tZzjw, aZw, amb, t{Zmlw, tamlw Cu
s¯tbm Pohn-Xs - ¯tbm {]iw-kn-¡-cp-Xv. `rXy³ bP- Bdpw ssIsh-Sn-b-Ww. ip{`-hk - v{Xw kv{XoIsf¸än NÀ¨,
amsâ BÚ-sb-sb¶ t]mse Imes¯ am{Xw A\p-k- C{µn- b- e n- ]v k , ]I- e p- d ¡w a©- ¯n-en-cn-¡p-I, hml-\-§-
cn-¡p-I. \]pw-k-I³, AÔ³, apS-´³, _[n-c³, apKv[³ fn k©- c n-
¡ pI F¶nh k\ym- kn¡v hÀPy-am-Wv.
F¶nh-sc-t¸mse Ignªv jUvKp-W-§fpw BÀÖn¨p Bß Nn´-bn apgp-I-Ww. Ign-hXpw Zqc-bm{X Hgn-hm-
Ign-ª m apàn e`n-¡ pw. Blm-c-¯ n kzmtZm ¡-Ww. D]-\n-j¯p XpS-§nb A[ym-ßnI {KÙ-§Ä
ZpkzmtZm ]cn-K-Wn-¡m-¯-h\pw kXy-am-{X-hm-Zn-bp-amWv A`y-kn- ¡-Ww. A[nIw D]- h-kn- ¡p-Itbm XoÀ°m- S\w \S-
APo-h³. \h-PmX _men-Is - bbpw ]Xn-\mdp hb-Êp-Im- ¯p-Itbm ]mSn-Ã. Gsd ]Tn-¡p-Itbm ]Tn¸n-¡p-Itbm
cn-sbbpw \qdp-h-bÊpÅ Ing-hn-sbbpw ka-`m-h\ - -tbmsS th­ k`-I-fn {]`m-j-Ww, ]m]m-Nm-cw, BÀP-h-I-c-amb
ZÀin-¡p-¶ -h\pw Ima-¨p-gn-bn s]Sm-X n-cn-¡ p-¶-hs\ s]cp-amäw Ch Hgnhm-¡-Ww. Ba ssIIm-epIsfsb-¶-
jWvU -s \¶p ]d-b p-¶ p. ae-a q- {X- h n-k ÀP- \ -¯ n\pw t]m-se C{µn-b-§sf hnj-b-¯nÂ\n¶pw ]n³h-en-¡-Ww.
hnZymÀP-\¯- n\pw k©-cn-¡p¶ Znh-k-¯n Hcp tbmP- B{K-l-§fpw ]cn-{K-l-§fpw XyPn¨v lÀjtim-Im-Zn-I-
\bne[nIw t]mIm-¯-h-\p-am-b-hs\ ]wKp F¶v ]d-bp- fpsS Npgnbn s]Sm-Xn-cn-¡-Ww. \a-kvIm-cm-ZnIÄ th­.
¶p. \S-¡p-t¼mgpw \n¡p-t¼mgpw t\{X-§Ä \mep AI- aa-Xbv¡pw Al-¦m-c-¯n\pw Øm\-a-\p- h-Zn-¡-cp- Xv. H¶nepw
¸m-Sn IqSp- X HmSn- ¡m-¯-h\pw At[mZr- jvSn-bp- am-b-hs\ Bk-àn-b-cp-Xv. \nKz-a\pw Al-¦m-c-c-ln-X\pw \nc-t]-
AÔ-s \¶v ]d-b p-¶ p. lnXm-lnX kpJ-Zpx-J-§ -fmb £\pw \ncm-inÊpw GIm-´-hm-knbpw Bbn-cn-¡-Ww.
hm¡p-tI-«n«pw tI«n-söp \Sn¨v im´-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶-h³ 77. A {] - a ¯ x I À a- ` - à n- Ú m- \ - k - ¼ ¶ x
_[n-csâ KW-¯n s]Sp-¶p. hnj-b-k-ao-]\w _ew kzXt{´m sshcm-Ky-taXy {_Ò-Nmco Krlo hm\-
C{µnb kzØX Ch D­m-bn«pw Dd§p-¶-hs\t¸mse {]tØm hm apJy- h r-¯ nIm tNZv {_Ò- N cyw

N P
 512

I kam]y Krlo `th-Zv. Krlm-Zz\o `qXzm {]{htP hn[n-t]mse bÚw sNbvXp. at{´m-¨m-c-W-t¯msS
K
ZyZn thX-cYm {_Ò-Ncym tZh {]{h-tPXv Krlm- Aánsb {LmWn-¡-Ww. ""AbwtX Aán''CXmWv a{´w.
Zzm-h -\zm-Z zmY]\-c -{hXo hm {hXo hm kv\ mX- ""Atá, Cu {]mW³ aptJ-\-bmWv \o BhnÀ`-hn-¨-Xv.
tImhm Akv\m-XtIm thÂk-¶m-án-c\ - á
- n-tImhm {]mW³ kwh-Õ-c-_-Ôn-Xa - mb Ime-am-W.v AXn-\m-emWv
b Zl-tch hnc-tP-¯Z- l - t- ch {]{h-tPXv Xss²- \oIm-´n-am-\m-b-Xv. P·-Im-cW- -amb {]mWs\ Adnªp
tI-{]m-Pm-]-Xym-ta-thjvSnw IpÀh-´y-Yhm \ Ipcym- \o AXn {]Xn-jvTn-X-\m-Ip-I. R§- fpsS Úm\k¼¯v
Zm-tá-¿ ym- tah Ipcym-Z -á nÀln-{]mWx {]mWta hÀ²n-¸n-¡p-I. {]mW³ Aán-bpsS DÛ-h¯ - n\v Imc-W-
sshX-bm-I-tcmXn XkvamXv ss{X[m-X-ho¿m tah- am-Wv. a{´-¯n {]mW-sâbpw Aán-bpsS GIm-ßX
Ip-cym-tZX ssbh {Xtbm [mX-thm-b-`qX k¯zw hyà- am-¡p-¶p.
cP-kvXa CXn.
Bl-h-\o-bm-á n-bn \n¶pw Aánsb {Kln-¨ p.
A{]-h-¯-\mbn tIhew Bßm-hn-¶-[o-\-\mbncp¶v Aán-{LmWmw \nÀh-l n-¡ - W w. Aánsb {Kln-¨ p.
sshcmKyw D-­m-bm IÀ½w `àn Úm\w F¶n-h-tbm- AánbnsÃ-¦n Pe-¯nepw lh\w sN¿mw. ""tZh-·mÀ
Sp-Iq-Snb Krl-Øt\m {_Ò-Nm-cnt¡m hm\-{]-Øt\m Pe-kz- cq-]-ambncn¡pt¼mÄ Rm³ AhÀ¡v th­n lh\w
kw\ymkw {Kln-¡mw. hnc-à-\n Fs´-¦nepw \yq\-X- sN¿p-¶p. Cu BlpXn AhÀ¡v e`n-¡-s«.'' F¶À°-
bp-s­-¦nÂ, B{i-a-§-fn BImw-£-bp-s­-¦n {_Ò- ¯n-ep-Å-XmWv a{´w. ]ns¶ BN-an-¡-Ww. LrX-bp-à-
Nmcn Xsâ B{i-am-h[n ]qÀ¯n-bm-¡n-bn«v Krl-Øm-{i-a- am-b-Pew Btcm-Ky-tam-£-{]-Z-am-Wv. ]ns¶ inJ, ]qWp-
¯n {]th-in-¨-Xn- \p- tijw hm\-{]-Øhpw AXn-\p-tijw \qÂ, ]nXm-hv, ]p{X³, `mcy, IÀ½w, A[y-b-\w, hn`n¶
k\ym-khpw kzoI-cn- ¡mw. AsÃ-¦n Krl-Øm-{i-a-¯n\p a{´-§Ä CsXms¡ hn«p-]n-cn-bmw. F¶m am{Xta BX-
tijw sshcmKyw tXm¶n-bm k\ym-kn-bm-Imw. {_Ò- a-Úm-\n-bmb hyàn k\ym-kn-bm-Ib - p-Åq. ss{X[m-X-
Nmcn {_Ò-N-cy-c-ln-Xt\m kv\mX-I³ Akv\m-Xt\m hob a{´w tam£ {]Z-am-Wv. AXn-eqsS {_Ò-Úm\w
Aán-tlm{Xn A\-án-tlm-{Xntbm Bbmepw sshcmKyw t\Sn {_Òw, kXyw, Úm\w F¶n-h-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xm-
tXm¶n-bm Krlw shSnªv k\ymkw kzoI-cn-¡mw. sW¶ k¦-ev]-¯m AXns\ D]m-kn-¡mw.
hnÚ-cmb Nne k\ym-kn-amÀ B{i-a-{]-th-i-\-t¯msS ]ns¶ \mc-Z³ {_Òm-hn-t\mSv tNmZn-¨p. ""`K-hm³,
{]Pm-]-tXyjvSn F¶ bÚw A\p-jvTn-¡p-¶p. AXp-Iq- btÚm-]-hoXw ]cn-Xy-Pn-¡p¶ {_mÒ-Wsâ ØnXn
Sm-s X-b p-am-I mw. AsÃ-¦ n Btábn F¶ bÚw F´mWv?'' {_Òmhv ]d-ªp: ""Úm\n-bmb ]pcp-j³
sN¿mw. Aán Xs¶ {]mW³ AXn-\m km[-I³ CjvSn- incÊv apWvU \w sNbvX v btÚm-] -h o-X -cq-] -¯ nÂ
bm {]mWs\ ]pjvS-am-¡p-¶p. ss{X[m-X-ho-b-sa¶ _mly-i-co-c-¯n [cn-¨n-«pÅ \q ssIhn«v Ahy-b-\mb
bÚ-hp-am-Imw. Cu bÚ-¯n-eqsS kXz-c-Pk - vXa - m-ß- {_Òw kÀh-¯nepw \qensâ cq]-¯n hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-
I-§-fmb aq¶p [mXp-¡-sfbpw lh\w sN¿p-¶p. ¶p. F¶v k¦-ev]n¨v A[ym-ß-]c - -\m-I-Ww.
78. Abw tX tbm \nÀ-E-Xzntbm btXm PmtXm 80. kqN-\m-Õq-{X-an-Xymlpx kq{Xw \ma ]cw-]Zw
Atcm NYmx Xw Pm\- ¶ á Btcm- l m- [ mt\m
XXvkq{Xw hnZnXw tb\ k hnt{]m thZ-]m-]c - Kx
hÀ²bm cbn-an-Xy-t\\ at{´-Wm-án-am-Pn-t{L-tZj
hm Atátcym \ncyx {]mWx {]mWw KÑ kzmw 81. tb\ kÀh-anZw t{]mXw kqt{X aWn
tbm\nw KÑ kztl-tXy-h-ta-ssh-XZm lh-\obm KWm Ch
Zán-am-lrXy ]qÀh hZ-án-amPn t{LZy-Z áow \ bÕq{Xw [mc-tb-tZym-Kn-tbmK hn¯¯y ZÀi\x
hntµ-Z] - vkp Pplp-bm-Zm-t]mssh kÀhm tZhXmx 82. _lnx kq{Xw XytPXv hnZzm³
kÀhmt`ym tZh- X mt`ym Pptlman kztlXn tbmK-ap-¯ -a-a-am-ØnXx
lqtXzm-²rXy XZ-ZIw {]iv\n-bmXv kmPyw lhn- {_Ò `mh-anZw kq{Xw [mc-tbZyx k tNX\x
c-\m-abw tamZ-an-Xn-inJmw btÚm-]h - oXw ]nX-cw-
[mc-Wm-¯ky kq{X-kyt\m ÑnjvtSm \mip
]p{Xw If{Xw IÀ½ Nm[ym-b\w a{´m-´cw hky-
NnÀ `thXv
s s P y h ] c n- { h - P - X y mß h nt· mj as s {´
kvss{X[m-X -hossb hnt[-kvX -Zv{_Ò XZp-]m-ko- 83. kq{X-a-´ÀKXw tbjmw Úm\ btÚm
X-hyta sshX-ZnXn ]nXm-alw ]p\x-]-{]Ñ \mcZx ]ho-Xn\x
IY-a -b-tÚm-] -hoXn {_mÒW CXn-X-a m-l -] n-X- tX ssh kq{X-hntZm temtI tX N
amlx btÚm] hoXn\x
79. kinJw h]-\w-IrXzm _lnx-kq{Xw Úm\ tah ]cw tXjmw ]hn{Xw Úm\-ap-NytX
XytPXv _p[x 84. Atá-cnh inJm-\m\ym bkym Úm\-abn inJ
bZ-£cw ]cw-{_Ò XXv kq{X-anXn [mc-tb-Xv. k inJo-Xyp-NytX hnZzm-t¶-Xtc tIi-[m-cnWx
N P
 513

I 85. IÀa-Wy-[n-IrXm tb Xp sshZntI `qKr-l-Iµ - -c -\nÀXv[c kvXWvUn-tejp ht\ hm K

{_mÒ-W n-Zbx ti zX - t I X p E `q\ n Z mL E j ` `p À h mk x
ssXÀ hn[m-ca - nZw kq{Xw {InbmwKw kwhÀ¯I Z ¯m- t {Xb ssch- X - I - h - Z - h yà
X²nssh kvarXw enwtKm-hyàm Nmtcm _mtem-·¯ ]nim-Nh - Z- \
- p-
·- t¯m-· ¯ hZm-N mcw kv{ Xo ZWvU w inIyw
86. inJm-Úm-\-abn bky D]-hoXw N X·bw
]m{Xw Ia-WvUepw IpSn-kq{Xw Iu]o\w N XXv
{_mÒWyw kIew Xky CXn {_Ò hntZm hnZp-
kÀhw `qkzmtl Xy]vk p ]cn-XyPy ISn-kq{Xw
cnXn
N Iu]o\w ZWvUw hkv{Xw Ia-WvUpew kÀa-]-
Úm\-tl-XpIw Xs¶ kq{Xw. AXp-sIm­v kq{X- k-kr-PymY PmX-cq][c-Ý-tc-Xv. Bßm\ a\zn-tÑ-
¯nsâ AÀ°w ]c-a] - -Z-sa-¶m-Wv. ]c-a-]-Z-am-Ip¶ kq{Xw ZyYm PmX-cq-][ - tcm \nÀZz-tµzm-\njv ]cn-{K-kvXXz
Adn- b p- ¶ - h - \ mWv thZ-] - W vU n- X - \ mb {_mÒ- W ³. {_Ò-amÀt¤ kayIv k¼¶x ip²-am-\k - x {]mW-
k¼qÀ® hnizm-hp,. \qenÂa-Wn-IÄ t]mse ]c-am-ßm- k-ÔmcWmÀ°w btYm-à-Imte Ic-] m-t{X-W m-
hn tImÀ¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. tbmK-Ú\pw XXz-ZÀin-bp- t\y\ ambm-N n-Xm-lm-ca - m-lc - ³ em`m-emt` ktam
am-b-h³ bYmÀ° kq{X-amWv [cn-¡p-¶-Xv. Úm\n `qX zm \ nÀ ½ax i p ¢ - [ y m\ N c m- b tW m
_mly-kq{Xw Dt]-£n¨v {_Ò-am-Ip¶ kq{Xw [cn¨v [ymß\njvTx ip`m-ip-`I - À½ \nÀ½q-e\ ]cx-kw-
tbmKs¯ B{i-bn-¡p-¶p. A§-s\-bp-Å-h\ - mWv ssNX- \ymky ]qÀ®m-\s - sµI t_m[-kvXZv {_Òm-la - -
\y³. B kq{X-¯nsâ [mc-W-¯m k\ymkn DÑn-jtv `m- kvaoXn {_Ò-{]-W-ha - -\p-kva-c³ {`ac IoS-\ym-tb\
àmthm A]-cn-i p-²t\m BIp-¶n-Ã. Úm\-am-Ip¶ ico-c-{X-b-apXv krPy k\ym-tk-ss\h tZl-XymKw
bPvtRm-]-ho-X¯ - m k\ym-kn-bpsS lrZbw Aew-Ir-X- ItcmXn kIrX IrtXym `hXo Xyp]-\n-j-Xv.
am-W.v Ah-cmWv kq{X-¯nsâ bmYmÀ°yw Adn-bp-¶-hÀ.
C§-s\-bpÅ XXzw {Kln¨v k\ymkw kzoI-cn-t¡-
k\ym-kn-am-cpsS btÚm-]-ho-Xhpw inJbpw Úm\-sa-
­Xv {_mÒ-Wsâ IÀ¯-hy-am-Wv. GI-hk - v{X-[m-cn-bmbn
s{X. Úm\-amWv al-¯mb ]pcp-jmÀ°w. AXy´w
intcm-ap-WU v \w sNbvXv A]-cn-{Kl \nbaw ]men-¡-Ww.
hnip-²-am-WX - v. Aán-bpsS Pzme AXnsâ kzcq-]a
- m-bn-cn-
ico-c-t¢iw kln-¡ p-hm³ km[n-¡m-X n-cp-¶ m Hcp
¡p-¶X - p-t]mse Úm\n-bpsS inJ Úm\-abw Xs¶.
Iu]o\w [cn-¡p-Itbm \áX hcn-¡p-Itbm BImw.
tIi-a-b-amb inJ-bà AXv. sshZn-I-IÀ½-§Ä A[n-Im-
]p{Xan-{X-_m-Ô- hm-Zn- Isf Dt]-£n¨v kzm[ymb kXvIÀ½-
cn-bmb {_mÒ-W³ IÀ½-¯nsâ AwK-am-Ip¶ btÚm-
§-fn \nc-X-\m-I-Ww. kI- e-Xp-ambn _Ôw hn«v Iu]o\
]-hoXw [cn-¡p-¶p. Úm\-ab - -amb inJbpw kq{Xhpw
ZWvU AwK-h-kvX-cm-Zn-IÄ shSn-ªp. kIe Zzµz-`m-K-
[cn-¡p-¶-hc - nepw {_mÒWyw ]pÀ®-ambn ØnXn sN¿p-
§fpw kln-¡-Ww. kpJ ZpxJ iotXmjvW \n{Zm-`n-am-\m-
¶p-sh¶v {_Ò-Ú-Úm-\n-IÄ k½-Xn-¨n-«p-Å-Xm-Wv.
h-am-\-§-sf-¸än Nn´ Acp-Xv. jVqÀ½n-hn-hÀPn-X-\mbn
87. XtZ-XZ- zn-Úmb {_mÒ-Wx ]cn-{hPy ]cn-{hm- \nµ, Al-¦mcw aÕcw KÀhw ZmZm-CÀjy Akqb CÑ
tUI imSo apWvtUm ]cn{Klx icoc t¢i tZzjw kpJw ZpxJ Imaw t{Im[w tem`w tamlw Ch
klnjvW p tÝZ-Y hm bYm-h n-[ n-tÝ-Ö m-X -c q] shSnªp kzio-c-cs¯ ihw t]mse IcpXn Bß-Nn´
[tcm `qXzm k ]p{X an{X-If - m-{Xm]vX _Ôzm Zo\n am{Xw ssIs¡m­v Bscbpw \a-kvI- cn-¡msX bÚtam
k zm[ y mbw k À h À amW n k \ y m- k y mbw {im²tam A\pjvTn¡msX Bcp-sSbpw kvXpXn \nµm-
{_ÒmWvUw N kÀhw Iu]\w ZWvUa - m-Ñm-Z\w ZnIÄ KWn-¡msX Ign-b-Ww. GI-\mbn kzX-{´-ambn
N Xyàzm Zzµz-kl - n-jvWpÀ \ ioXw \ tNmjvWw Nn´n¨v kzbw e`n-¡p-¶-Xn Xr]vXn-s¸-S-Ww. {Zhy kw{K-
kpJw \ ZpxJw \ \n{Zm \ am\h amt\ N jUqÀ½n- l-a-cp-Xv. Bhm-l-\-hn-kÀÖ-\m-Zn-IÄ ]mSn-Ã. a{´w kzoI-
hÀPn tXm \nµm-l-¦mc aÕcx KÀhZw t`Àjym cn-¡p-Itbm [ym\w sN¿m-sX, Dt]-£n-¡p-Itbm e£ym
kqtb-Ñm-tZzj kpJ ZpxJ Ima-t{Im-[-tem-`-tam-lm- e£y kwtbmK hntbmK Nn´ ssIhn-S -W w. Hcp
Zo³ hnkrPy kzh]px ihm-I m-c - a nh kparXzm Øm\¯p Xs¶ Xma-kn-¡p-Itbm t]mhp-Itbm ]mSn-Ã.
kzhy-Xn-cnàw kÀa-´À_-ln-ca - -\y-am\x Ikym]n Xtâ-Xmbn hotSm B{i-atam ]mSn-Ã. Ønc-_p-²n-bm-bn-cn-
hµ-\-a-IrXzm \ \a-kvImtcm \ kzmlm-Imtcm \ ¡-Ww. iq\y Krlw, hr£-aq-ew, tZhm-e-bw, IpSnÂ, Ipi-
kz[m-Imtcm \ \nµmkvXp XnÀ bmZr-ÑntIm `th- hsâ hoSv, Aán-tlm{X Øew \Zo-Xocw aW¯n-«,
Zy-Zr-Ñm-em-`-k-´pjv Sx kphÀ®m-Zo¶ ]cn-{K-tl-¶- ` q Kr - l w, K pl , A cp - h n, D ¶X Ø m\ w, h \ w
hm-l\w \ hnkÀP\w \ a{´w \ a{´w \ [ym\w FhnsSbmbmepw B{ibw In«n-bm Xma-kn-¡mw. tizX
t\m]m-k\w \ne£yw \me£yw \ ]rYIv \m]r- tIXp, E`p, \nZm-L³, ZpÀ`m-km-hp, kwhÀ¯-I³, Z¯m-
YIv \ Xz\y{X kÀh- {Xm- \ n-t IXx Ønc- a Xnx t{X-b³, ssch-X-I³ XpS-§n-b-h-sc-t¸mse {]tXyI NnÓ-
iq\ym Kmc hr£-aq-e-tZ-h -K r-l -Xr-W -I q-S-Ip-e me an-ÃmsX Bcm-s W¶v Xncn-¨ -d n-bm³ Ign-b m-¯ -hn[w
imemán t]m{X imemán ZnK-´c \Zo-X-S] - p-fn\ _me³, D·-¯³, ]nim-N³ Ch-bvs¡m¸w s]cp-am-dmw.
N P
 514
I ZWvUw, k©n, ]m{Xw, Ia-WvU-ew, ISn-kq-{Xw, Iu]o-
\w, Ch-sbÃmw "`qkzmlm' F¶p- ]- dªv Pe-¯m \nt£-
]n-¡-Ww. ZnKw-_-c\
- mbn k©-cn-¡mw. Zzµz-`mhw shSn-b-
Ww. \nXyw {_Ò-Nm-cnXzw hln-¡W - w. lrZb ip²n-
tbmsS In«p-¶-Xp-am{Xw Ign¨v em`m-em` Nn´-Iq-SmsX
Bß-_Ôw am{Xw ]peÀ¯n Ignb-Ww. kzbw {_Ò-
kz-cq] amsW¶v IcpXn tIhew {_Òs¯¯s¶
Nn´n¨p sIm­n-cn-¡ - W w. {Xnhn[ imco- cm-l -¦ mcw
shSnªp kÀhYm {]m]-©nI _Ô-§Ä hntÑ-Zn¨v tZl-
XymKw sN¿-Ww. C§s\ Ign-bp¶ k\ym-kn-bmWv IrX-
Ir-Xy-s\¶v D]-\n-j¯v A\p-im-kn-¡p-¶p.
\memw D]-tZiw
1. Xzàz temImwÝ thZmwÝ hnj-bm\o
{µnbmWn N
Aß-t\y-h-ØntXm bkvXp k bmXn ]camw KXnw
2. \ma-tKm-{Xm-Zn-hc
- Ww tZiw Imew {ipXw Ipew
htbm hr¯w {hXw ioew hym]tb ss¶h kZyXnx
3. \ kw`m-tjXv kv{Xnbw Im©nXv ]qÀh ZrjvSmw
N \ kvatcXv
IYmw N hÀP-tb-¯mkmw \ ]tiyÃn JnXm-a]n
4. GX-Ñ-Xp-jvSbw tamlmXv kv{XoWm-am-
N-ctXm btXx
Nn¯w hn{In-b-tXhiyw XZzn-Im-cmXv {]W-ky-Xn.
temI- §Ä, thZ-§Ä, hnj-b-§Ä, C{µn-b-kpJw Ch
Dt]-£n¨v Bß-Øn-X\ - mb k\ymkn ]c-aK - Xn {]m]n-
¡p-¶p. Xsâ t]cv, Ipew, tKm{Xw, tZiw, Ah-Ø, ioew,
{hXw, imkv{X-Úm\w F¶n-h-sb-¡p-dn¨v BtcmSpw ]d-
b-cp-Xv. kv{XoI-fp-ambn kwkm-cn-¡p-Itbm ]qÀh-]-cn-Nn-X-
bmb kv{Xosb kvacn-¡p-Itbm kv{XoI-fpsS Nn{X-§Ä
ImWp-Itbm Ah-cp-a mbn NÀ¨tbm ]mSn-à . ImcWw
kv{Xosb kw_-Ôn-¡p¶ NÀ¨bpw Nn´bpw Ah-cp-am-
bpÅ k¼À¡hpw hnIm-c§ - sf D±o-]n-¸n-¡mw. Abmsf
tbmK-{`-jvS-\m-¡m³ CsXÃmw CS-sIm-Sp-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv.
5. XrjvWm t{Imt[m \rXw ambm tem`
tamlu {]nbm-{]ntb
inev]w hymJym\ tbmKÝ Imtam cmK-]c - n-{Klx
6. Al-¦mtcm aaXzw N NnInÕm [À½ kmlkw
{]mb-Ýn¯w {]bm-kÝ a{´u-j-[-]-cm-injx
7. {]Xn-jn-²m\n ssNXm\n tkh-amt\m {htP-Z[x
BKÑ KÑ-Xn-jvtTXn kzmKXw krlr-tZm]nhm
8. k·m-\\w N \ {_qbmXv ap\nÀ tam£
]cm-bWx
{]Xn-{Klw \ Kr-lvWo-bmXv ss\h Nm\yw {]Zm-
]- tbXv
N P
9. t{]c-tbZzm Xbm `n£px kz]vt\ ]n \ K
IZm-N\
Pmbm {`Xr kpXm-Zo\mw _Ôp\mw N ip`m-ip`w
10. {ipXzm ZrjvSzm \ It¼X timI lÀju
XytP-ZyXnx
Alnwkm kXy-a-kvtXb {_Ò-Nc - ym-]-cn-{Klx
11. A\u-²X - y-a-Zo-\Xzw {]km-Zx-ssØ-cy-amÀPhw
Akvt\tlm Kpcp-ip-{iqjm {i²m Im´nÀZ-ax-iax
12. Dt]£m ss[cy-am-[ptcy XnXn£m
IcpWm XYm
lokvXYm Úm\-hn-Úmt\ tbmtKm eLy
i\w-[rXnx
13. Gj kz[Àt½m hnJymtXm bXo-\m,
\nb-Xm-ß-\mw.
\nÀZz-tµzm-\nXy k¯zØx kÀh{X ka-ZÀi\x
tamlw, aa-X, amb, tem`w, XrjvW, t{Im[w, Ak-
Xyw, cmKw, Al-¦m-cw, B{K-lw, kw{K-lw, ]vkwKw,
inev]w, NnIn-Õ, hyh-km-bw, ]c-Kr-lh - mkw, {]mb-Ýn-
¯w, Huj-[h - n-X-cW
- w, a{´-{]-tbmKw hnj-{]-tbm-Kw,
[À½- km-lkw BioÀhmZw F¶nh k\ym- kn-amÀ¡v \njn-
²-am-Ip-¶p. AXn\p hn]-co-X-ambn {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶h - ³
kz[À½-Nyp-X\ - m-Ipw. tam£w B{K-ln-¡p¶ k\ymkn
kplr- ¯p- ¡sf kzmKXw sN¿p- Itbm _lp- am- \n- ¡p-Itbm
IqsS Xma-kn-¸n-¡p-Itbm Acp-Xv. Zm\w kzoI-cn-¡c - p-Xv.
`mcy-]p-{X³ ktlm-Z-c³ XpS-§nb {]nb P\-§-fpsS
ip`mip` hmÀ¯- I Ä tIÄ¡p-I tbm ImWp- I tbm
sNbvXpw Nm©-ey- ¯n- \n- S-sIm-Sp-¡- cp-Xv. lÀj-tim-Im- Zn- IÄ
shSn-b-Ww. Alnw-k, kXyw, AkvtX-bw, {_Ò-Nc - yw,
A]-cn-{K-lw, AssZ-\yw, im´n, {]k-¶-X, Ønc-X, kc-
f-X, kvt\lw, Kpcp-ip-{iq-j, {i², £a, C{µn-b-\n-{K-
lw, at\m-\n-{K-lw, DZm-ko-\-X, [oc-X, am[p-cyw, kln-
jvWp-X, Icp-W, eÖ, Aev]m-lm-cw, Úm\-hn-Ú\
]cm-b-WX Ch-bn-seÃmw kw\ymkn {]tXyIw {i² sNep-
t¯-­- Xm-W.v
14. Xpcobx ]c-tam-lwkx km£m¶m
cmbtWm bXnx
GI-cm{Xw htk-Zv{Kmta \Ktc ]©-cm-{XIw
15. hÀjm-t`ym\y{X hÀjmkp amkmwÝ
NXptcm htkXv
Zzncm{Xw hm htk-Zn-{Kmta `n£pÀbZn htk-¯Zm
16. cmKm-Zbx {]k-tPycw kvtX\mku
\mcIo `thXv
{Kmamt´ \nÀÖt\ tZti \nb-Xmßm \ntIX\x
17. ]cy-tSXv IoS-hZv `qau hÀjm-tkzI {X
kwh-tkXv

I GI-hmkm Ahmkm hm GI. ZrjvSn ctem-ep]x
18. AZq-j-b³ kXmw amÀ¤w [ym\ bptàm
alow NtcXv
ipNu tZxi kZm `n£px kz[À½ a\p-]m-e-b³
19. ]cy-tSX kZm-tbmKo ho£-b³ hkp-[m-Xew
\ cm{Xu \ N a[ym-tl\ kÔy-tbmÀ
ss\h ]cy-S³
20. \iqt\y \ N ZpÀt¤ hm {]mWn
_m[m-Itc \ N
GI cm{Xw htkZv {Kmta ]¯t\ Xp Zn\-{Xbw
21. ]ptc Zn\-Zzbw `n£pÀ \Ktc ]©-cm-{XIw
hÀjm-tkz-I{X XnjvtTX Ømt\
]pWy-P-em-hrtX
22. Bß-hXv kÀh `qXm\n ]iy³ `n£p
Ý tc·low
AÔ-hX - vPU
- h
- s
- s¨h _[n-tcm-·¯ aqI-h-Xv.
23. kv\m\w {Xnj-hWw t{]màw _lp-ZI
h\-Øtbmx
lwtk Xp kIr-tZ-h-kymXv ]c-lw-tk\ hnZytX
kXz-Kp-W³, ka-ZÀin, Zzµzm-Xo-X³, Xpcn-bm-{i-a-Øn-
X³ Cu \ne-bn-epÅ ]c-a-lwkw k\ymkn \mcm-b-Wsâ
km£mXv kzcq]w Xs¶-bm-Wv. {Kma-¯n Hcp cm{Xn
\K-c¯- n A©p-cm{Xn C{Xtb k\ymkn Xma-kn-¡m-
hq. F¶m hÀjIme¯v Cu \nbaw _m[-I-a -à .
NmXpÀ½m-kym-amb A¶v Htc Øm\¯v Xma-kn-¡mw.
Gsd Hcn-S¯p Xma-kn-¡p-t¼mÄ cmKm-Zn-IÄ D­m-Ipw.
AXv \cI {]m]vXn¡v Imc-Wa - m-Ipw. {Kma-¯nsâ Hcp
`mK¯v X\nsb PntX-{µn-b-\mbn Ign-b-Ww. F«p-am-khpw
IoS-¯n-s\m¯v k©-cn-¡-Ww. GI hkv{X-[m-cntbm ZnKw-
_-ct\m BImw. Nm©eyw ]mSn-Ã. hnj-b-Nn-´m-cl
\mbn Zym\\nc-X-\m- I-Ww. At[m-Zr-jvSn-bm-bn-cn-¡pI cm{Xn-
bnepw a[ym-Ó-¯nepw kÔy-I-fnepw bm{X th­. iq\y
ZpÀ¤-aØ- m-\-§Ä ssIshSn-b-Ww. hÀj-Im-e¯v hnip-
²-Øm\w tXS-Ww. kÀh-`q-X-§-sfbpw X\n¡v ka-ambn
ImW-Ww. AÔ³, _[n-c³, aqI³, PU³, {`m´³ F¶n-
h-sc-t]mse FÃm _mly-Zr-iy-§-fnÂ\n¶pw A\-`n-Ú-
\m-I-Ww. _lp-Z-I\pw h\-hm-kn-bmb bXnbpw {Xnk-Ôy-
I-fnepw kv\m\w sN¿p-¶p. lwk\n kv\m\w Hcn-¡Â
aXn. ]c-a-lw-km-hØ
- -bn kv\m\m-Zn-IÄ Bh-iy-an-Ã.
24. au\w tbmKm-k\w tbmK-kX- nXn
ss£Im-´-io-eXm
\nx kv]rlXzw kaXzw N kv]ssX
Xmt\yI ZWvUn\mw
25. ]c-lw-km-{ia tØmln kv\m\m tZc-hn-[m-\Xx
Atij Nn¯ hr¯o\mw XymKw tIhe amN-tcXv
N P
515
26. XzMv amwk cp[n-ck
- v\mbp aÖm tatZmØn K
kwlXu hn¬aq-{X-]qtb caXmw {InaoWmw
Inb-Z´
- -ca
27. Iz ico-c-a-ti-jmWmw tÇjvam-Zo\mw alm-Nbx
Iz NmwK-tkm-`m-ku-`mKy Ia-\obm Ztbm KpWx
28. amwkm-krIv ]qb-hn¬aq{X kv\mbp-aÖm
Ønkw-lXu
tZtl tNXv {]oXn-am³ aqtVm `hnXm \ctI 
]n kx
29. kv{XoWm-a-hmNy tZiky ¢n¶-\mUo
{hWky N
AtZtZy ]n at\m-t`-Zm-Ö\x {]mtbW hWy-tX.
30. NÀa JWvUw Zzn[m-`n-¶a
- -]m-t\m-ZvKmc [q]nXw
tb ca´n \akvtX`yx kmlkw InaXx ]cw
31. \ Xky hnZytX Imcyw \ enwKm hm hn]-ÝnXx
\nÀ½tam \nÀ`bx imt´m \nÀZz-tµm
hÀ® t`mP\x
32. ap\nx Iu]o\ hmkmx ky¶tám hm [ym\-X-
ev]cx Ghw Úm\-]tcm tbmKo {_Ò
`qbmb Iev]t- X.
a\-\w, tbmKw, Bk-\w, GIm-´-tk-h-\w, XnXo£
\nkv]r-l-X, aa-X, Cu Ggp Imcy-§Ä GI-ZW - vU-Im-cn-
I-fmb k\ym-kn-amÀ XoÀ¨-bmbpw A\p-jvTn-¡W - w. ]c-a-
lw-km-h-Ø-bn-se-¯n-b-h\v kv\m\mZn IÀ½-§Ä A\n-
hm-cy-aÃ- . Ah\v Nn¯-hr¯n ]cn-XymKw Xs¶ t{ib-
kvIcw amwk-cà NÀ½ \mUo-tatZm aÖmØn \nÀ½n-
X-amb ico-c-¯n can-¡p¶ a\p-jyÀ¡pw ae-aq-{Xm-Zn-I-
fn InS-¡p¶ Iran-IÄ¡pw X½n F´p-t`Zw? icocw
shdp-¸p-­m-¡p¶ I^m-Zn- I-fpsS Iq¼m-c-am-Wv. AXn-se´p
- n-X-
kuµ-cy-amWv? hr¯n-sI« ]ZmÀ°-§-fpsS ka-hm-b-amb
Cu i-co-cs¯ t{]an-¡p¶ a\p-jysâ t{]aw \c-I-¯n-
em- Wv. kv{XoI-fpsS Ahm- Ny-§-fmb AwK-§Ä¡pw Noª-
fnª {hW-§Ä¡pw X½n Hcp t`Z-hp-an-sÃ-¦nepw a\p-
jy³ am\-knI hn{`-a-¯m h©n-X-cm-Ip-¶p. k\ymkn
bmsXmcp NnÓhpw hln-¡c - p-Xv. Ah\v Hcp IÀ½hpw
sNt¿-­X - m-bn-«n-Ã. `bw, aa-X, Zzµz-Nn´ Ch hn«v im´-
\mbn AhÀ `£-WmZn Nn´-If - n \n¶v hnap-à\- m-bn-
cn-¡p-¶p. ZnKw-_-c\ - mtbm Iu]o-\-[m-cn-bmtbm Ah³
[ym\n-¡- Ww. C§s\ Úm\-hr-¯n-bn apgp-Inb tbmKn
{_Ò-`m-h-¯n\v AÀl-\m-Ip- ¶p.
33. enwtK kXy-]n-J-ez-kvan³ Úm\-tah
lnIm-cWw
\nÀt½m-£m-tbl `qXm\mw
enwK-{Kmtam \ncÀ°Ix
 516

I 34. b¶-k´w \ Nmk´w \m{ip-Xw\ _lp-{ipXw kzim-Jm-\p-KX - a- ss{´ cjvS-{im-²m-\yjvS Znt\jp K

\ kphr¯w \ZpÀhr¯w thZIÝnXv hm GI-Znt\ hm ]nXr-bm-tKmà hn[m-t\\ {_mÒ-
k {_mÒWx Wm- \ - ` yÀ¨ `pày´w bYm- h n[n \nÀhÀ¯y
]nWvU{- ]-Zm-\m\n \nÀhÀ¯y Z£nWm-Xmw-_qsse
35. Xkvam-Z-enwtKm [À½tÚm {_Ò-hr-
kvtXmj-bnXzm {_mÒ-Wm³ t{]j-bnXzm Atij
¯-a-\p-{hXw
IÀ½ kn²yÀ°w tIim³ k{]m-j vS[m ZznPx
KqV [À½m-{intXm hnZzm\ Úm\ NcnXw kw£n]y hm]-tbXv ]qÀhw tIi-iva-{ip-\-Jm\n
Ntc-Xv. N CXn k]vX -t I-i m³ kwc£y It£m-] Ø
36. kµnKv[x kÀh-`q-Xm\mw hÀ®m-{ia hÀÖw £uc-]qÀhIw kv\mXzm kmbw-kÔym
hnhÀÖnXx hµ\w \nÀhXy kl-{k-lm-b{Xo P]vXzm {_Ò-
AÔ-hÖ - U - h
- ¨- m]n aqI-hÀ¨ alow NtcXv bÚw \nÀhÀXy kzm[o-\mán ap]-Øm]y kzim-
37. Xw ZrjvSzm im´-a-\kw kv]rl-b´o tJm-]-kw-lc - Ww IrXzm-X-Zp-à-{]-Im-tcW BPym-
Znhu-Ikx lpXn amPy- ` m-Km´w lpXzm-lpXn hn[nw kam]y
Bßm-Zn-`n-kv{Xn-hmcw kàp-{]miv\w IrXzm AN-
enwKm-`m-hm¯p ssIh-ey-anXn {_Òm-\p
a-\ -] qÀh-I -aánw kwc£y kzb-a-tácp ¯cXx
-im-k\wþ CXn
IrjvWm Pnt\m-]cn ØnXz ]pcmW {ihW ]qÀh-
Úm\w Xs¶-bmWv k\ym-k-¯nepw tam£-¯n\v Iw. PmK-cWw IrXzm NXpÀ°-bm-amt´ kv\mXzm
Imc-Ww. Úm\w IqSmsX hn`n¶ NnÓ-§Ä [cn-¡p- ZIáu Ncpw {i]-bnXzm ]pcp-j-kp-tà-\m-¶ky
¶Xv \ncÀ°-I-am-W.v {_Ò-Úm-\n-bm-Is« km[p, Akm- tjmU-imlp XnÀ lpXzm hncPm tlmaw IrXzm
[p, aqÀJ³, hnZzm³, kphr-¯³, ZpÀhr-¯³ Cu t`Z- AYm-N ay kZ-£ nWw hkv{Xw kphÀ®-]m{Xw
_p-²n-sbm-¶p-an-Ãm-¯-h-\m-W.v AXn-\m k\ymkn NnÓ- t[\pw ZXzm-k-am]y {_tÒm-Zzm-k\w IrXzm kw
§-sfm-¶p-an-ÃmsX {_Ò-Nn-´m-]-c-\m-I-Ww. A\yÀ¡v amkn-©´p acpXx kan{µx kw_r-l-kv]Xn kw
ImW-¯-¡-hn-[-¯n-em-bn-cn-t¡­ Ahsâ tbmKm-Zr-\p- amb-a ánx kn©-X zm-bp-j mN [t\\ N _te\
jvTm-\-§Ä, hÀ®m-{i-a-§Ä¡-Xo-X-\m-bn, AÔ-_-[n-c-aq- Nmbp-j va ´x ItcmXp ta CXn bmt{X Atá
Im-Zn-IÄs¡m¸w Ah³ k©-cn-¡-Ww. C§s\ {]im´ bÚnbm X\p kvXtb-lym-tcm-lm-ßy-\m-ßm\w
Nn¯-\mb kw\ym-knsb ZÀin-¡p¶ tZh-·mÀ BPo-hnX AÑm hkq-\n-Ir-Wz-¶-kta \cym ]pcqWn btÚm
hr¯n sImXn-¡p-¶p. Bß-`m-h-¯n \n¶pw `n¶-ambn `qXzm bÚ-am-koZ kzmw tbm\nw PmX-thtZm `ph
H¶n\pw AkvXn-Xz-an-sö Nn´ a\-Ên DZbw sImÅp- BPm-b-am\x k £b G[n-Xy-t\-\mán Bß-\ym-
t¼mÄ ssIheyw kn²n-¡p-¶p. {_Ò-XXzmßI-amb D]- tcm]y [ymXzmánw {]Z-£nW \a-kvImc ]qÀh-I-
tZiw CXm-Wv. aq-Zzmky {]mXx kÔym-ap-]mky kl{k Kmb{Xn
]qÀhIw kqtcym-]Ø - m-\w IrXzm \m`n-Z-Lvt\m-Z-
38. AY \mcZx ]nXm-alw k\ymk hn[n. t\m I-ap-]-hn-hn-iy-jvS-Zn-Iv]m-eI - mÀLy ]qÀhIw Kmb-
{_qloXn ]{]-Ñ. ]nXm-a-l x-X -tYXyw Ko IrXy {Xyp-Zzm-k\w IrXzm kmhn{Xow hym]r-Xnjp {]th-
BXptc hm {Ita hm]n Xpco- b m-{ ia kzoIm- i-bnXzm Alw hr£ky tccnhx IoÀ¯nx ]rjvTw
cmÀ°w IrNv{] {]mb-Ýn¯ ]qÀh-Ia - jvS {im²w Kntc-cnh DuÀ[z-]h - n-t{Xm, hmPn-\o-hkz arX-a-kvan
Ipcym-t±-hÀjn Znhy-a-\pjy `qX ]nXr am{Xtß {Zhn-Ww. ta khÀ¨ kwkp-ta[m Aar-tXm-£nXx
Xyjv S {im²m\n IpcymXv {]Ya kXy hkp CXn {Xni-t¦mÀ thZm\p hN\w bÝ-µk - m-ar-jt`m
kwÚ-I m³ hnizm³ tZh³ tZh-{imt² {_Ò hniz-cq] Otµm-t`ym[yar XmXv kw_-`ph k ta
hnjvWp atl-izcm Ejn {imt² tZhÀjn £{Xn- Ct{µm ta[bm kv] rtWmXp Aar-X ky tZh-[m-
bÀjn a\p-jyÀjo³ Znhy-{imt² hkp-cp-{`m-Zn-Xy- ctWm `qbmkw icocw ta hnNÀjWw Znlzm ta
cq-]m³ a\p-jy-{imt² kuI-k\ - µ- \ k\-XvIp-amc a[p-a -¯ -am. IÀ®m-`ym-`q-c n-hn-{ihw {_Ò-W x-tI-
k\-Xvk p-P m-X³ `qX-{imt² ]rYn hymZn ]©-a- timkn ta[-bm]n lnXx {ipXw ta tKm]mb Zmtc-
lm-`q-Xm\n N£p-cymZn Ic-Wm\n NXpÀhn-[-`qX j-W m-bmÝ hnt¯-j Wm bmÝ temtI-j -W m-
{Kam³ ]nXr-{im-t², ]nXr-]n-Xm-al {]]n-Xm-a-lm³ bmÝ hyp°n-tXm-lw. Hmw `pxk-\ykvXw abmx Hmw
amXr {imt² amXr ]nXm-alo {]]n-Xm-a-lo-cm-ß- `phx k\y-kvXw-abm Hmw kphx k\ykvXw abm
{imt² Bß ]nXr-]n-Xm-a-l³ PohXv ]nXr-Iiv Hmw `qÀ`qhx kph k\y-kXw k\ykvXw atbXn
tNzXv ]nXcw Xzàzm Bß ]nXm-al {]]n-Xm-a- a{µ a[ya Xme P[z-\ n-`nÀ a\-k m-h m-tNm-¨ mcy
lm-\nXn kÀh{X bpÜ IvW p]vX ym {_mÒ-Wm- A`bw kÀh-` q-tX-t`m-a¯x kÀhw {]hÀ¯tX
\À¨-t b-tZz-Z m-[ zc ]t£ AjvSm-[ z-c -] t£ hm kzmtl Xyt\\ Pew {]miy {]mNymw Znin

N P
 517

I ]qÀt®m-RvPenw {]£n]y Hmw kzmtlXn inJm- sebpw tcmaw If-b-cp-Xv. aäp-IÀ½-§Ä¡p-tijw kv\m\w K
ap-Xv]mZy btÚm-]h - oXw ]caw ]hn{Xw {]Pm-]- sNbvXp kmbwkÔy-bn Bbncw Dcp Kmb{Xn a{´w
tXÀb klPw ]pc-kvXmXv Bbp-jy-a{Kyw {]Xn- P]n-¡W - w. ]ns¶ {_Ò-bmKw sNbvXv Aán Øm]\w
ap© ip{`w btÚm-]-h oXw _e-akvXp tXPx \nÀh-ln-¡W - w. kz´w imJ D]-kw-l-cn-¨p. BZy-`mKw
btÚm- ] - h oX _lnÀ \ \nh- t kkv X z a´x hsc LrXm-lpXn thWw. lh\w ]qÀ¯n-bm-bm hdp¯
{]hniy at[y lyP{kw ]caw ]hn{Xw btim-_ew amhnsâ aq¶v Dcpf `£n-¡p-Ibpw B Na\w sNbvXv
Úm\-ssh-cmKyw ta[mw {]b-tÑXn btÚm-]- Aán-bn kan¯v C«v, Aán-bpsS D¯-c`- m-K-¯mbn
hoXw OnXzm DZ-Im-RvPe - n\w kl Hmw `qx kap{Zw IrjvW arK-t¯m-en-en-cp¶p ]pcmW IYm-{i-hWw \nÀh-
K Ñ k zml - t K - X y ] v k p P ql p - b mXv Hmw `qx ln¨v cm{Xn DWÀ¶n-cn-¡p-Ibpw thWw. ]ns¶ cm{Xn-bnse
k\ykvXw abm. Hmw `qhx k\ykvXw abm. Hmw \mew bma- ¯n kv\m\w sNbvXv AtX Aán-bn Xs¶
kphx k\ykvXw abm CXn {Xncpàzm {Xnhm-ca - - Ncp ]mI-s¸-Sp¯n ]pcpj kqà-¯nse tjmU-i-a-{´-
`n-a{´ X-Öew {]mÝm-Nay Hmw `qx kzmtl-Xy]vkp §-fm Ncp-hnsâ ]Xn-\mdp Blp-Xn-IÄ \nt£-]n¨v
hkv{Xw ISn-kq-{X-a]n hkrPy kÀh-I À½-\n-hr- hncP F¶ tlmaw sNbvXv BN-a\w Z£nW hkv{Xw,
¯- tImlanXn kva rXzm PmX cq]- [ -t cm-` qXzm kphÀ®w, ]m{Xw, ]ip F¶nh Zm\w sN¿-Ww. {_tÒm-
kzcq-] m-\ p-k-Ô m-\ -] qÀh-I -aqÀ[z _mlp-c p-ZoNnw Zzm-k-\-¯n-\p-tijw Aán-bpsS B[n-ssZ-hn-I-cq]w Xsâ
KtÑ-Xv. Bßm-hn {]Xn-jvTn-¡-Ww. ]ns¶ Aán-[ym\w \a-
kvImcw Chbv¡p tijw Ah Aán-im-e-bn hkÀPn-
]ns¶ \mc-Z³ ho­pw {_Òm-hn-t\mSv tNmZn¨p:þ ""`K-
¡-Ww. {]mX-Ê-Ôy-bn Bbncw Dcp Kmb{Xn P]n¨v
h³, k\ym-k-hn-[n-sb-¸än ]d-ªp-X-cm³ Zb-hp-­m-IWw''
kqtcym-]Ø - m\w sN¿p-I. \m`n-hsc Pe-¯n \n¶p-
AXp-tI«v {_Òmhv ]dªp:þ ""BXp-c-k-\ym-ktam {Ia-
sIm­v AjvS-Zn-I] v m-e-·mÀ¡v AÀLyw \ÂI-Ww. at{´m-
k-\ym-ktam kzoI-cn-¡p-¶X - n\v BZyw {]mb-Ýn-¯-sa¶
¨m-c-W-¯n-\p-tijw "A`-bw...' F¶p XpS-§p¶ a{´-
\ne-bn Ir{Ñm-Zn{hX§-f\ - p-jT v n-¡-Ww. ]ns¶ tZh-·mÀ,
¯m BN-a\w sNbvXp ]qÀhm-`n-ap-J-ambn \n¶v ARvP-
alÀjn-amÀ, Znhy-·mÀ, a\p-jyÀ, `qX-§Ä, ]nXr-¡Ä,
en-\n-d¨p Pew t{]m£Ww sNbvXv "Hmw kzmlm...' F¶p-
amXmhv, Bßmhv F¶n-§s\ F«p- t]À¡v th­n {im²w
¨-cn¨v inJ-bn tijn-¨n-«pÅ tcma-§fpw ]ngp-Xp-If - b
- -
sN¿-Ww. kXyw F¶pw hkp F¶pw t]cpÅ hniz-tZ-h-
Ww. ]ns¶ btÚm-]-hoXw tOZn¨p Pem-RvP-en-tbmsS
·msc Blzm\w sNbvX v tZh-{im-² -¯n {_-Ò mhv
Pe-¯n Hgp-¡p-I. Hmw `q... XpS-§nb a{´-§Ä aq¶p
hnjvWp atlizc-·msc Blzm\w sN¿-Ww. Ejn {imÀ²-
{]mhiyw D¨-cn¨p sIm­v BN-a\w \S-¯p-I. Hmw `qx
¯n tZhÀjn-amÀ a\pjy Ejn-amÀ, cmPÀjn-amÀ F¶n-
kzmlm' F¶p-¨-cn¨v hkv{Xhpw ISn-kq-{Xhpw Pe-¯nÂ
hsc Blzm\w sN¿-Ww. Znhy-{im-²¯ - n AjvS-h-kp-
Dt]-£n-¡p-I. AtXm-sSm¸w C§s\ Nn´n-¡p-I. ""Rm³
¡Ä, GIm-Z-i-cp-{Z-· mÀ, ZzmZ-i m-Zn-Xy-· mÀ F¶n-hsc
IÀ½-§-sfÃmw Dt]-£n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.'' ]ns¶ ZnKw-_-c-\mbn
Blzm\w sN¿-Ww. am\-h{- im-²-¯n k\-I³, kZm-\-
Bß-hn-Nn-´\w sNbvXv ssIIÄ apI-fn-te-bv¡m¡n hS-
µ³, k\-XvIp-am-c³, k\-Õp-Pm-X³ Ch-scbpw hnfn-¡-
¡p-Zn¡p t\m¡n bm{X-sN-¿p-I.
Ww. `qX-{im-²-¯n ]rYzn XpS§nb ]©-`q-X-§-sfbpw
t\{Xm-Zn-I-fmb C{µn-b-§-sfbpw Pcm-bp, PcmZn \mep hn[- 39. ]qÀhh hZzXv k\ymko tNZv Kptcmx kIm
¯n-epÅ Pohn-I-sfbpw hnfn-¡-Ww. ]n¦-{im-²-¯n imXv {]Wh hmtIym-]-tZ-iw. {]m]y bYm-kpJw
]nXmhv ]nXm-a-l³ {]]n-Xm-al - ³ F¶-\-h-scbpw amXr- hnl-c³ a¯ IÝn-¶mt\ym hyXn-cnà CXn ^e-
{im-²-¯n amXmhv amXm-aln F¶n-hs - cbpw hnfn-¡-Ww. ]-t{Xm-Z-Im-lm-cx ]Àh-X-h\ - t- Z-h-Xm-e-tbjp k©-
Bß-{im-²-¯n Xsâbpw ]nXm-hn-sâbpw ]nXm-a-l- tcXv k\ym-kymY Zn\w-_ cx kIe k©m-c -I .
sâbpw {im²w sN¿-Ww. ]nXmhv Pohn-¨n-cn-¡p-Ib - m-sW- k À h - ` m- \ - µ - k zm- \ p - ` - s s h I ] qÀ ® l r Z bx
¦n At±-l-¯nsâ {im²w sN¿msX Xsâbpw ]nXm- IÀ½mXn Zqc-e m`x {]mWm-bma ]cm-bWx ^e-c-
al-sâbpw {]]n-Xm- a-l-sâbpw {im²w sN¿-Ww. AjvS- k-XzIv ]{X-aq-tem-ZssIx tam£mÀ°o Kncn Iµ-
{im-²s¯ Htc A\p-jvTm-\-¯nsâ AwK-am¡n Cu c­v tcjp hnkr-tP-t±lw kvacw kvXmc-Iw. hnhn-Znjzm
F¶ {Ia-¯n {_mÒ-Wsc £Wn¨v Ahsc ]qPn-¡- k\ymko tNÑ X]Yw KXzm BNm-cym-Zn-`nÀhn-ss{]-
Ww. AjvS {im²-§Ä {]tXyIw {]tXyIw A\p-jvTn- kvXnjv T XnjvT alm-`mK ZWvUw hkv{Xw Ia-
¡p¶ ]£w Xsâ imJ-bnÂs]« a{´-§Ä aptJ\ F«p Wv U ew KrlmW {]Wh alm hmIy {Kl-
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{_mÒW ]qP, t`mP\w XpS-§nb IÀ½-§-sfÃmw bYm- ISn kq{X Iu]o\w imSn-taImw Ia-WvUepw ]mZm-
hn[n ]qÀ¯n-bm¡n ]nWvU-Zm\w sN¿-Ww. XmSn, aoi, Zn-a - k v X I {]am-W -a - {h-W wa kaw kuay- a -I me
\Jw Ch Dt]-£n-¡-Ww. I£-¯n-sebpw D]-Ø-¯n- ]rjvTwk e£Ww sshWhw ZWvUt - aI amN-a-

N P
 518
I \-]qÀhIw kJm-a m-tKm-] mbu Nx kJm-t b
ko{µky ht{Pmkn hmÀ{XLv\x iÀa ta `h
bXv ]m]w X¶n-hm-ct- bXn ZWvUw ]cn-{K-tl-Ö-
K-Ön-h\w Poh-\m-[m-c`- qXw am tX am a{´-bkz
kÀhZm kÀh- k u- t ayXn {]W- h - ] qÀhIw Ia-
WvUepw ]cn-Krly Iu]o-\m-[mcw ISn-kq-{X-tam-
anXn Kplym-Ñm-ZIw Iu]o-\-tam-anXn ioX-hm-tXm-
jv W - {Xm-W -I cw tZssl-I -c - £ - W -t am-a nXn ISn
kq{X Iu]o\ hkv{X-am-Na - -\]
- qÀhIw tbmK-]«- m-
`n-jntàm `qXzm IrXmÀt°mlanXn aXzm kzm{i-
am-Nmc ]tcm-`-th-Zn-Xyp-]\
- n-j-Xv.
Úm\m-`n-em-j-t¯msS k\ymkw kzoI-cn¨pIgn-
ªm \qd-Sn-\-S-¶-Xn-\p-tijw BNm-cym-Zn-If - psS £W-
a-\p-k-cn¨v ZWvUw, Ia-WvU-ep, hkv{Xw, F¶nh kzoI-
cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ BÚ sImSp-¡p-¶-Xn\pw {]W-hm-Zn-a-
{´-§-fpsS D]-tZiw {ihn-¡p-¶-Xn\pw £Ww In«n-b-
Xns\ XpSÀ¶v k\ymkn BNm-cys\ kao-]n-¡p-Ibpw
BNm-cy³ sImSp¯ ZWvUw, Ia-WvU-ep, Iu]o-\w, Ac-
ªm¬, Nc-Sv, ]pX¸v F¶nh kzoI-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿-
Ww. apf-h-Sn-bmWv ZWvU-ambn sImSp-¡p- ¶Xv. AXv ImÂap-
XÂ inc-Êp-hsc s]m¡-ap-Å-Xm-bn-cn-¡-Ww. Xpf-bn-ÃmsX
an\pan\p¯v t{ijv T - a mb B ZWv U w Idp¸p\nd-
apÅXmIcpXv. CsXÃmw kzoI-cn-¨-Xn-\p-tijw BN-an-
t¡­XmWv. A\-´cw \nÀ±n-jvT-a{´w D¨-cn¨v ZWvUw
ssIbn-se-Sp-¯v DNn-X-amb A\p-jvTm\w \nÀÆ-ln-¡Ww.
BN-a\w sNbvXv Xm³ tbmK ]«m-`n-jn-à-\mbn F¶v
hnNmcn¨v kzm{i- am-Nmc]c-\mbn Pohn-t¡­XmWv. CXmWv
D]-\n-j-¯nsâ A\p-im-k-\w.
]©-tam-]-tZiw
1. AY ssl\w ]nXm-alw \mcZx ]{]-Ñ, `K-h³
kÀh IÀ½ \nhÀ¯Ix k\ymk CXn-X zssb
thmàx ]p\x kzm{i-am-Nm-c] - tcm `th-Zn-Xyp-Nyp-tX.
XXx ]nXm-al Dhm-N. ico-cky tZlnt\m Pm{KXv
kz]v\ -kp-j p]vXn Xpco-bm-hØx k´n-X-Z[ - o\mx
IÀa-Úm\ sshcm-Ky-{]-hÀ¯Im ]pcpjm P´-
h-kvX-Z\p Ipem-Nmcmx k´n-Xs - sYh tNZv `K-h³
k\ymkmx IXn-t`Zm kvXZ-\p-jvTm-\-t`-Z. IoZr-im-
kvX X kva mIw hàp aÀl-k o-X n. XtY-X ywKo
IrXy Xp ]nXm-a-tl\
\mc-Z³ {_Òm-hn-t\mSp tNmZn-¨p. ""`K-h³, A§v
k\ymkw kÀh-IÀ½ \nhÀ¯-I-sa¶pw AtXm-sSm¸w
Xsâ B{i-a-¯n-\n-W§- nb BNm-c§ - Ä kwc-£n-¡W - -
sa¶pw ]d-ª p. AXnsâ hni-Z o-I -cWw \ÂIWw
{_Òmhv ]dªp: tZl- [m-cn-bmb Pohn¡v Pm{K-Xv, kz]v\w
kpjp-]vXn, Xpcobw F¶o \mev Ah-ØI - -fmWp-ÅXv.
Ch-bn IÀ½w Úm\w sshcmKyw XpS§nb-h-bpsS
N P
{]hÀ¯-\hpw \S-¡p-¶p. FÃm Pohn-Ifpw Cu \me-h-
K
Ø-Is - fbpw B{i-bn¨v Ah-Øm-\p-Iqew Pohn-¡p-¶p.
k\ym-ko, {_Ò-Nm-cn, Krl-س, hm\-{]-س Ch-sc-
sIm­v tkh-\ob kvamÀ¯ IÀ½-§Ä \nÀh-ln-¸n-¡p-
¶p. AXp-t]mse k\ymk-¯n-\-\p-Iq-e-ambn {ih-W-a-\-
\-\ n- Z n-[ ym-k -\ -§ fpw Bh-i y- a m-W v. B A`n-{ ]m-b -
¯memWv k\ymkn B{i-a¯ - n-\-v A\p-Iq-e-am-bn-¯s¶
{]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p-sh¶v ]d-ªX - v. ""\mc-Z³ ]d-ªp. ""`K-
h³, C\n k\ym-k-¯nsâ t`Z-§-sf-¸-änbpw Ah-bpsS
A\p- j vT m- \ - ¯ n- e pÅ A´- c-§ -s f-¸ -ä nbpw ]dªp
XctW.''
2þ7. k\ym- k - t `- s sZ- c m- N m- c - t `- Z . IY- a nX
tN¯¯z XkvtXzI Gh k\ymkx AÚm-t\-
\m-i -à n-h -i mXv IÀ½-t em-] - Ý - s s{X-h n- [ y- taXp
sshcmKy kw\ym-kmZv Úm\ k\ymtkm Úm\
sshcmKy k\y-kx IÀa k\ym-k-ÝXn NmXpÀ
hn[y-ap-]m-KX kvXZy-tYXn ZpjvT-a-Z-\m-`m-th-t¨Xn
hnj-b-ssh-jvWy-taXy {]mIv]pWy IÀ½ himXv
k\ykv X x k sshcmKy k\ymko imkv { X
Úm\mXv ]m]-]pWy temIm-\p-`-h{- i-h-WmXv {]]-
t©m-] -cXx t{Imt[Àjym-kq-bml ¦mcm-`n-a m-\m-
ßtI kÀh-kw-kmcw \nÀhrXy Zmtc-jW - m-[t- \-
j-Wm, temtI-j-Wm-ßtI tZlhmk\mw imkv{X-
hm-k \mw temI-hm-k\mw Xyàzm ha-\ m-¶ -anh
{]Ir-Xobw kÀh-anZw tlbw aXzm, km[\ NXp-
jvSb k¼t¶m bx kw\y-kyXn k Gh Úm\
k\ym-k n. {ItaW kÀh-a -`ymkn kÀh-a -\ p-`qb
Úm\ sshcm-Kym`yw kzcq-]m-\p-kÔ - m-t\\ tZl-
am-{X-hi
- n-tjSx k\yky PmX-cq-] -[-tcm-`-hXn k
Úm\ sshcmKy k\ymko {_Ò-Ncyw kam]y
Krlo `qXzm hm\- { ]- Ø m- { i- t aXp sshcmKy
k\ymkn {_Ò-N cyw kam]y Krlo-`qXzm hm\-
{]-Øm-{i-tatXy sshcmKy `mth ]ym{ia-{I-a m-
\p-km-tcW bx k\ym-ky-kw-\ymkm ÖmX-cq-] -
[tcm sshcm- K y- k - \ ym- k o. hnZzXv k\ymko
Úm\ k\ymko hnhn-Z njm k\ymko IÀ½-k-
\ym-ko.
{_Òmhv ]dªp: Rm³ C\n k\ym-km-{ia t`Z-
§sf¸än ]d-bmw. bYmÀ°-¯n k\ymkw Hcp {]Im-c-
¯nte DÅq. ]t£ APvRm\w Akm-aÀ°yw IÀ½-
tem`w Ch-bm AXn\v At\I cq]-§Ä D­m-bn«p­v.
sshcmKy k\ym-kw, Úm\k\ymkw, Úm\-ssh-cmKy
k\ym-kw, IÀ½ k\ymkw F¶n§s\ \mep-Xc-am-Wv.
a\-Ênse ZpjnX `mh\ amdn hnj-b-hn-càn h¶v ]qÀh-
P-·-kp-Ir-X§ - -fmb kXvIÀ½-§-fpsS ^e-ambn hnc-àn-
tbmsS k\ymkw kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-h-\mWv sshcmKy k\ym-
kn. imkv{ X-Úm-\-¯m-t em, A\-`hPvR m\-¯mtem
kzm`m-hn- I-ambpw {]]-©-t¯mSp hncàn tXm¶n-b-h-\mWv
 519
I Úm\ k\ym-kn. tIm]w, CuÀjy, Akq-b, Al-¦mcw
F¶nh tNÀ¶ hnizs¯ AIän kv{Xo[-\J - ymXn Ima-
\-I-fn \n¶pw apà-\m-bn-«p-Å-h\pw tZlmß ImZn-hm-
k-\ -I Ä XyPn-¨ -h -\ p-amWv Úm\-k -\ ym-k n. kIe
imkv{X-§fpw A`y-kn¨v A\p-`-h-Úm\w t\Sn Úm\
sshcm-Ky-¯m Bß-kz-cq-][ - ym-\]
- c
- -\mbn ZnKw-_-c-\m-
bn-cn-¡p-¶-h³ sshcm-Ky-k-\ym-kn-bmWv. {_Ò-Ncyw Ah-
km-\ n- ¸ n¨v Krl-Ø m-{ iaw ]cn- ] m- e n¨v hm\-{ ]- Ø -
¯nÂ\n¶pw k\ymkw kzoI-cn-¨-h³ IÀ½-k-\ym-kn-bm-
Wv. {_Ò-Nc - y-¯n\p tijw k\ymkw ssIsIm­v ZnKw-
_-c-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶-h³ sshcmKy k\ym-kn. hnZzXv k\ym-
knsb Úm\ k\ym- kn- sb¶pw ]d-bpw. hnhn- Znjzm k\ym-
kn-bpsS asämcp t]À IÀ½ k\ymkn F¶m-Wv.
8.17. IÀ½- k - \ ym- t km]n Zznhn[x \nan¯
kw\ymtkm A\n-an¯ kw\ym-kt- ÝXn \nan-¯-
kvX zm-Xp-c x A\n-a n¯ {Ia kw\ymkx BXpcx
kÀh-IÀ½ tem]x {]mW tkymXv {ItaW Ime-
k-\ymkx k \nan¯ k\ymkx ZrVmwtKm `qXzm
kÀhw IrXIw \izcanXn tZlm- Z nIw kÀhw
tlbw {]m]y lwkx ipNn- j - Z z- k p- c - ´ - c n£
kt²ymXm thZn-j-`-Xn-YnÀ Zptcm-W-kXv \rj-Zz-c-
k- Z r-Õ - `- thym- k - Z -_ vP m-t KmPm EXPm A{ZnPm
EXw _rlXv {_Ò-hy-Xn-cnàw kÀhw \iz-ca - nXn
\nÝn-XymtYm {ItaW bx k\y-kyXn k k\ym-
tkm\nan¯ kw\ymkx
k\ymkx jUv hnt[m `hXn IpSo-NtIm _lq-
ZtIm lwkx ]c-a-lwkx Xpco-bm-Xo-tXmAh[q-
X-tÝ-Xn. IpSo-N-Ix inJmb tÚm]-hoXn ZWvU-
I-a -W vU -e p-[ cm Iu]o- \ -I -Ù m-[ cx ]nXr amXr
KpÀhm-cm-Z-\-]cx ]nT-c-J-\n{X inIymZn a{´-km-[-
\-]c GI-{Xm-¶m-Z-\-]cx tÝtXmÀ[z ]pWv{U-[mco
{XnZWvUx _lq-ZIx inJmZn IÙm-[c kv{Xo]p-
Wv{ U-[ mco ISn-N - I -h Xv kÀh ktam a[p Ic
h r X y mj vS I _ fmi o l wtk m P Sm- [ mc o
{Xpt{ÔmÀ[z-]p-Wv{U-[mco Akw-Xr]vX a[p-I-cm-
¶mio Iu]o\ JWvU[ - mco ]c-a-lwkx inJm-b-
b-tÚm-]h - oX clnXx ]© Krl-tjzI cm{Xm-
¶m-Z\ ]cx Ic-]m{Xn GI-Iu-ho-\-[mco imSo-ta-
Im-taIw sshWhw ZWvU -ta-I -i mSn [tcm hm
`kvtam-² q\ ]cx kÀh-X ym-K o. Xpco-bm-X otXm
tKmapJx ^em-lmco A¶m-lmco tNZv Krl-{Xtb
tZl- a m-{Xm- h -i njvt Sm ZnKw-_ cx IpW-] -h -Ñ -c oc
hr¯nIx Ah-[q-Xk - vXz-\n-btam `nikvX-]-X nX
hÀÖ\ ]qÀhIw kÀh-hÀt®jz PK-c-hr-Xym-lm-
c-]cx kzcq-]m\p kÔm-\-]cx
\nan¯ k\ym-k-sa¶pw A\n-an¯ kw\ym-k-sa¶pw
IÀ½ kw\ymkw c­p-hn-[-¯n-ep-­v. BXpc kw\ymkw
N P
Xs¶ \nan¯ k\ymkw: {Ik-\ymkw A\n-an¯ k\ym- K
kw-am-Wv. tcmK-_m-[n-X\- mbn ac-WI - m-e¯v k\ymkw
kzoI-cn-¡p-¶ -X mWv \nan¯ k\ym-k w. asä-Ã m-sa-¶ -
t]mse ico-chpw \iz-ca - m-sW¶v km[-I³ Adn-bp-¶p.
]c-am-ßmhv BIm-i-k-©m-cn-bmb lwk-am-W.v hkp A´-
co£ k©m-cn-bm-Wv. thZn-bn {]Xn-jvTn-Xa - mb Aán
AXmWv: tlXmhpw AXp-X-s¶. KrØsâ AXn-Yn-bm-
W-Xv. a\p-jy-cnepw AXv DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. kXy-¯nepw
hnin-jvS-h-kvXp-¡-fnepw AXp-­v. BIm-i¯ - nepw Pe-
¯nepw ]rYzn-bnepw hmWn-bnepw ]Àh-X-¯n-ep-saÃmw
AXv {]I-S-am-Ip-¶p, AXp Xs¶-bmWv GIhpw ]c-ah - p-
amb kXy- sa¶v ]d-bmw. C§s\ ]c-{_Òw am{Xta kXy-
am-bn-«pÅq F¶v IcpXn {_Ò-sam-gn-¨p-Å-sXÃmw \iz-c-
sa¶p IcpXn {Ia-ambn k\ym-km-{i-a¯ - n {]th-in-¡p-
¶-h\- mWv A\n-an¯ kw\ym-kn. AXp-t]mse IpSo-N-
I³ _lq-ZI - ³ lwk³, ]c-al - w-k³, Xpco-bm-Xo-X³,
Ah-[q-X³ C§s\ k\ym-kn-amÀ Bdv {]Im-c-¯n-se¶v
]d-b- s¸-Sp-¶p.
inJbpw btÚm-]-ho-Xhpw ]cn-Xy-Pn-¡msX ZWvUw
Ia-WvU-ep, Iew, Xq¼, k©n F¶nh kq£n-¡p-Ibpw
a{´-kn-²n-bn ebn-¨n-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶h - -³ IpSo-NI
k\ym-k nbmWv. AXn\m tizXmÀ²z ]pWv{Uhpw
{XnZWvUhpw [cn-¡p-¶p. Htc Øm\¯p \n¶p Xs¶-
bmWv `£Ww Ign-¡p-¶Xv. IpSo-N-Is - \-t¸m-se-Xs¶
inJbpw btÚm-]h - o-Xhpw [cn¨v {Xn]p-W{v U-[m-cn-bmbn
ka-ZÀin-bmbn ]e hoSp-I-fnÂ\n¶pw `£-bm-Nn¨v Ign-
¡p-Ibpw F«p-cp-f-am{Xw `£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶h - -\m-Wv
_lp-Z-I³. PSm-[m-cn-bmb DuÀ[z-]pWv{Uw [cn¨v Im]o\w
XpWn `n£m-]m{Xw F¶nh kq£n-¡p-¶-h-\mWv lwk³
F¶ k\ym-kn.
inJbpw kq{Xhpw [cn-¡msX A©p hoSp-I-fnÂ
\n¶pw `n£-bm-Nn¨v Hmtcm cm{Xn-bnepw `£Ww Ign-¡p-
¶-h-\mWv ]c-al - w-k³. ]m{X-¯nsâ Øm\¯v ssI D]-
tbm-Kn-¡p-¶p. AXp-sIm­v Abmsf Ic-]m{Xn F¶p
]d-bm-dp-­v. Hcp Iu]o-\w, Hcp ]pX-¸v, apf-hSn F¶nh
[cn-¡pw. kÀh ]cn-Xym-Kn-bmb CbmÄ `kva-te-]-\-X-Xv]-
c-\m-Wv.
In«p-¶-sXt´m AXp-sIm­v Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp-¶-h-\mWv
Xqco-bm-XoX k\ym-kn. AbmÄ BtcmSpw H¶pw bmNn-
¡n-Ã. ^em-lm-cw am{X-a mWv `£Ww. aq¶p hoSp-I-
fnÂ\n¶p am{Xw A¶w kzoI-cn-¡ pw. ZnwKw-_ -cXzw
ssIs¡m-Åp-¶p. bmsXmcp hn[-¯n-epÅ _Ôhpw am\n-
¡m-¯-h-\mWv Ah-[q-X³. If-¦n-Xcpw ]Xn-X-cp-am-Ãm-¯-
h-cn \n¶v F´p In«pt¶m AXv kzoI-cn¨v AP-K-ch - r-
¯n-bn AXm-bXv Hcn-S¯p InS¶v ASp-¯p-h¶p In«p¶
Cc am{Xw Ign-¡p¶ s]cp-¼m-¼nsâ kz`m-h-t¯msS Ign-
bp-¶-h-\mWv Ah-[q-X³.
 520
I 18. BXptcm PohXn tNXv {Ia-k-\ymkx IÀ¯hyx
IpSo-N I _lq-ZI - -lw-km\mw {_Ò-Ncym {iam-Zn-
Xp-co-bm-{i-a-hXv IpSo-N-Im\mw k\ymk hn[nx ]c-
a-lw-km-Zn-{Xm-bmWmw \ ISn kq{Xw \ Iu]o\w
\ hkv { Xw \ Ia- W v U - e pÀ \ ZWv U x- k Àh
hÀss®I ss`£m-S\ ]cXzw PmX-cq-] -[ -c Xyw
hn[nx k\ym-kI - mte ]yew_p²n ]cy´ a[oXy
XZ-\-´cw ISn-kq{Xw Iu]o\w ZWvUw hkv{Xw
Ia-WvUew kÀh-a]vkp hnkr-PymY PmX-cq-][ - c- -
Ý-tc¶ IÙm-thtim \mt[yX thym \ t{imX-
hy-a-\yXv In©nXv {]W-hm-Z\yw \ XÀ¡w ]tT¶
i_vZa - ]n _rl-Õ_ - vZm³ \ A[ym-]-tb¶ al-
ZzmtNm hn¥m-]\w Kncm-] m-W y-Zn\m kw`m-jWw
\m\y-kvamXv hm hnti-tjW \ iq{X-kv{Xo-]X - n-
tXm-ZIym kw`m-jWw \ b tXÀ tZh ]qPm-t\m-
Õ-hZ- Ài\w XoÀ°-bm{Xm hr¯nx
tcmKmÀ¯-\mb hyàn k\ymkw ssIh-cn-¨-Xn-\p-
tijw acn-¨n-sÃ-¦n AbmÄ hn[n-{]-Imcw {Ia-kw-\ymkw
kzoI-cn-¡p-¶X - m-Wp-Nn-Xw. IpSo-N³, _lq-Z-I³, lwk³
F¶o aq¶n-hn-`m-K-¯n s]« k\ym-kn-amÀ¡v {_Ò-N-
cyw, KmÀl-Øyw, hm\-{]Øw F¶o {Ia-¯n \mem-
as¯ B{iaw hn[n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. ]c-al - w-k³, Xpco-bm-
Xo-X³, Ah- [q-X³, Cu aq¶p Iq«À¡v ISn- kq-{Xw, ZWvUw,
Ia-WvU-ep, hkv{Xw apX-em-b-hsbm¶pw Bh-iy-an-Ã.
AhÀ¡v \á-cmbn Ncn¨v FÃm PmXn-bn s]«-h-cp-sSbpw
Krl-§- fnÂ\n¶v `n£ bmNn-¡m³ kzmX-{´y-ap-­v. kymk-
kzo-I- c-W- ¯n Bß-kw-Xr-]vXn-hsc A[y-b\w XpS-cWw
]ns¶ Iu]o-\hpw IqSn kq{Xhpw Pe-¯n Fdn-b-Ww.
\á-s\-¦n AwK-hkv{Xw ]mSn-Ã. A[y-b\w {]h-N\ - m-Zn-
{i-hWw Ch ]mSpÅX-Ã. {]Whw am{Xw P]n-¡mw. hrYm-
em]w ]mSnÃ. lkvX-ap-{Z-bn kw`m-jW - hpw A\p-h-Z-\o-
b-aÃ. cP-kz-e-bp-ambn kw`m-j-W-a-cp-Xv. XoÀ°m-S\w tZh-
]qP DÕ-h-ZÀi\w F¶n-hbpw bXn¡v \njn-²-am-Ip-¶p.
19-þ21. ]p\Àb-Xn-hn-tijw IpSo-N-Iky GI{X
`n£m _lq-Z-I ky Akw-I vW p]vX w am[p-I -cw,
lwkky Ajv S-K r-tljp Ajv S-I-hfw ]c-a-lw-
kky ]© - K rtKjp Ic- ] m{Xw ^em- l mtcm
tKmapJw Xpco-bm-Xo-Xky Ah-[q-Xky AP-K -c -
hr-¯nE kmÀh-hÀ®-tIjp bXn. \ GI-cm{Xw
htkXv \ Ikym ]n \ta-Xv. Xpco-bm-XoXm-h-[p-X-
tbmÀ \ tPyjv t Tm tbm \ kzcq- ] Úx k
tPyjvtTm ]n I\njvt Tm lkvXm`ymw \Zyp-¯-
cWw \ IpcymXv \ hr£-am-tcm-tlXv \ bm\-[n-
cqtUm \ {Ib-hn-{I-b-]tcm \ In©nXv hn\n-ab
]tcm \ Zmw`ntIm \m\r-Xh - mZo \ btXx-InwNnXv
I IÀ¯-hy-akvXn tNXv kmwIcyw Xkvam³ a\
\mZu k\ymkn \ma-[n-Imcx
N P
IpSo-NI k\ymkn Hcn-S¯p \n¶p am{Xta `n£Ww
K
kzoI-cn-¡m-hq. _lp-Zp-I³ A\n-Ýn-X-§-fmb Krl-§-
fnÂ\n¶v Blmcw Ign-¡-Ww. lwk k\ymkn F«p hoSp-
I-fnÂ\n¶pw Hmtcm Dcp-f-t¨m-dp am{Xw kzoI-cn-¡mhp¶-
XmWv. ]c-al - w-k³ A©p {Kl-§-fn \n¶pw Abm-
fpsS ssIhiw ]m{X-sam¶pw ]mSpÅX-Ã. ssIXs¶
]m{Xw. Xpco-bm-Xo-X³ In«p-¶-sX-´m-bmepw kzoI-cn¨v
Xr]vXn-t\-S-Ww. k\ymkn cm{Xn-bn Hcm-fpsS ho«n Xma-
kn-¡-cp-X.v Bscbpw \a-kvI-cn-¡c - p-X.v Xpco-bm-Xo-X\
- nepw
Ah-[q-X\ - nepw hen-¸-s¨-dp-¸-an-Ã.
{]mb-¯n IqSn-b-h\pw hen-bh³ Xs¶ Bß-
Úm-\a - n-Ãm-¯-h\
- mWv sNdn-b-h³. ]pg \o´n-¡S- -¡pI
ac-¯n Ib-dp-I, bm{Xbv¡v hml-\-ap-]-tbm-Kn-¡p-I, {Ib-
hn-{IbwsN¿p-I,- Al-¦-cn-¡p-I, AkXyw ]d-bpI Ch-
sbÃmw k\ym-kn¡v tbmPn-¨-X-Ã. a\-\-¯n-\p-am-{Xta
k\ym-kn-¡-[n- Im-c-ap-Å q.
22. BXpc IpSo-N-I-tbmÀ`q-temtIm _lq-ZI - ky
kzÀ¤-t emtIm lwkky Xt]m-temIx ]c-a-l w-
kky kXy- t emIx Xpco- b m- X o- X m- h - [ q- X tbmx
kzmß-t\yh ssIheyw kzcq-]m-\p-k-Ôm-t\\ {`a-
c-IoS \ymb-a-hX - v. bwbw hm ]n kvac³ `mhw XyP-
Xyt´ Itf-_cw XwX-tah kam-]vt\mXn \m\yYm
{ipXn-i m- k-\w.
BXpc k\ym-knbpw IpSo-N-Ik - -\ym-knbpw `qtem-
I-s¯bpw `qhÀtem-I-s¯bpw {]m]n-¡p-¶XmWv. _lp-
Z-I\v kzÀ¤-tem-Iw, lwk\v Xt]m-tem-Iw, ]cm-lw-k³
kXy- tem-Iw, Xpco- bm-Xo-X\pw Ah- [q-X\pw kz´w Bßm-
hn Xs¶ ssIh-ey-{]m-]X v n¡v A[n-Im-cn-I-fm-Ip¶p. {`a-
c-Io-S-¯n-s\m¸w kzcq-]m-\p-k-Ôm\w sN¿p¶ ChÀ kzcq-
]-s¯-¯s¶ {]m]n-¡p-¶XmWv. a\p-jy³ acn-¡p-t¼mÄ
GtXXp `mh-s¯-bmtWm Nn´n-¡p-¶Xv Ah³ AtX
cqX-s ¯-¯ s¶ {]m]n-¡p-¶ p-s h¶v {ipXn imk-\-ap-
­mbn«p­v.
23. XtZhw ÚmXzm kzcq-]m-\p-kÔ - m\w hn\m
A\yYm BN-c-]tcm \`-h-t¯-Zm-Nm-ch - i
- m-¯¯ - -
tÃmI {]m]vX nx Úm\-s sh-cm-K y-k -¼ -¶ -k y-k z-
kvan-t¶h apàn-cnXn \ kÀh{X BNm-c{- ]-kà - n.
XZm- N m- c x Pm{KXv Imte hniz kz]v \ Imte
ssXPkx kpjp-]vXn-Imte {]mÚx Ah-Øm-t`-
Zm-Zh
- tØ Cuizc t`Zx Imcy-tZ-ZmXv Imc-W-t`Zx
Xmkp NXpÀZi Imc-Wm\mw _mly-hr-¯ntbm
A´ Àh r- ¯ bx tXj mw D] m- Z m\ I mc Ww
hr¯bx NXzmcx at\m- _ p²n cl-¦ m-c - Ý n¯w
tNXn X¯Zv hr¯n hym]m-ct- `-Z\ ]rY-Km-Nm-c-t`Zx
C§s\ [cn¨v kzcq-]m-\p-k-Ôm\w Dt]-£n¨v aäp
hnj-b-¯n hym]-cn-¡-cp-Xv. ]e-hn[ BNm-c-¯m AX-
 521
I \p-k-cn¨v {]hÀ¯n-t¡-­n-h-cpw. Úm\-ssh-cm-Ky-[\ - -
\mb k\ym-kn-bpsS apàn X¶n Xs¶bmWv. Xsâ
BN-c-W¯ - n \n¶v hn«p-amdn aäp-Åh kzoI-cn-¡m-Xn-cn-
¡p-¶X - m-Wv- DNn-Xw. Pm{KXv kz]v\k
- p-jp]vXn aq¶nepw
k\ym-kn¡v kmam-\y-`m-h-ambncn¡Ww AXn-s\-¯s¶
Pm{K-{Z-h-Ø-bn hnizw F¶pw kz]v\m-h-Ø-bn ssXP-
k-sa¶pw kpjp-]X v n-bn {]mÚ-sa¶pw ]d-bp-¶Xv GI-
tZiw H¶p-X-s¶bmWv. Imcy-t`Zw Xs¶-bmWv Imc-W-t`-
Zw. ]Xn-¶mep Imc-W§ - -fpÅ _mlyhpw B´-co-Ih - p-
amb hr¯n-IÄ¡v ImcWw H¶p-Xs - ¶bmWv. a\Êv,
_p²n, Al-¦m-cw, Nn¯w Ch \mepw _mly-hr-¯n-I-
fmIp¶p. FÃm hr-¯n-I-fp-sSbpw kz`m-h-¯n\p tbmPn¨
BN-c-W-¯m Hmtcm t`Zw D­m-Ip-¶p.
25. t\{XØw PmK-cnXw hnZymXv IWvtT-kz]v\w
kam-h-]n-i-Xv.
kpjp]vXw lrZ-bØw Xp Xpcob
aqÀ[v\n kwØnXw
Pm{K-Z-h-Ø-bn hnizw t\{X-¯nepw kz]v\m-h-Ø-
bn ssXPkw IWvT -¯ nepw kpjp-] vXm-h-Ø -bnÂ
{]mÚw lrZ-b-¯nepw Xpcobw apÀ²m-hnepw ØnXn-sN-
¿p-¶XmWv.
26. Xpcobw A£-ca - nXn ÚmXzm PmK-cntX kpjp-
]vXy-h-Øm-]\m Ch bZy-Xv{ipXw bZyXv ZrjvSw
XXv kÀhw Ahn-Ú m-Xa - n-htbm htkXv Xky
kz]v\m-hØ - m-bm-a]n XmZr-Kh Øm `h-Xn. k Poh-
·pà CXn hZ-´n. kÀh {ipXyÀY {]Xn-]m-Z\ - -
a]n Xssky-ha - pàn cnXn. `n£px \ sFln-Im-ap-
jvan-Im-t]£x bZy]n At]-£mkvXn XZ-\p-cqt]m
`hXn kzcq-]m\p kÔm \ hyXn-cn-àm-\y, imkvX-
cm`ym sskcpjv {Sm Ip¦p-a-`m-c -hXv hyÀt°m \
tbmK imkv { X- { ]- h r¯n \ kmwJy imkv {Xm-
`ymtkm \ a{´-X {´ hym]mc; CXc imkv{X
{]hr¯nx btX-c-kvXn-tNXv ihm-e¦ - mc hXv NÀ½-
Imc hZXn hnZq-c-IÀ½m-Nmc hnZym Zqtcm \ {]Wh
IoÀ¯-\] - tcm bZyXv IÀ½ ItcmXn X¯Xv ^e-
a-\ p-` -h Xn GZ-c -W vU-s sX-e -t^\ hZXx kÀhw
]cnXy Py XXv {]kàw at\m-ZWvUw Ic-]m{Xw
ZnKw-_cw ZrjvSzm ]cn-{h-tPXv `n£px _mtem-·-¯-
]n-im-N-h-·c - -Ww. PohnXw hm\ Imwt£X Ime-
tah {]Xn-t£X \nÀt±-i-`r-XI - -\ym-tb\ ]cn-{hm-
Un-Xn.
Pm{KXv XpS-§ nb Ah-Ø-IÄ {]Im-in-¸n-¡ p¶
Xpcob kzcq-]a - mb A£-c{- _Òw Xm³ Xs¶-bm-sW-¶-
dn-bp-¶-h³ Pm{K-¯nepw kpjp-]vXn-bnse {]hr¯n Xs¶
sN¿p-¶p. AbmÄ tI«Xpw I­Xpw tIÄ¡m-¯Xpw
ImWm-¯Xpw t]mse Icp-Xp-¶p. kz]v\m-h-Ø-bnepw
AtX cq]-¯n Xs¶ C§-s\-bp-Å-hs\ Úm\n-IÄ
N P
Poh-· p-à-s \¶p IcpXp-¶ p. {ipXn-I-sfÃmw Ahsâ K
apàn-sb-¸än ]d-bp-¶p. bYmÀ° k\ym-kn¡v sFlnI
hnj-b§ - -fn B{K-l-an-Ãm¯h-\mWv. AbmÄ ]mc-{XnI
hnj-b-§fpw B{K-ln-¡p-¶h\-Ã. kzkz-cq-]m-\p-k-Ôm\w
shSnªv aäp imkv{X-§Ä. A`y-kn-¡m³ Hcp-s¼-Sp-¶Xv
H«-I -¯nsâ ]pd¯v Ip¦p-a -¯nsâ NpaSv tIäp-¶ -X p-
t]mse Xs¶. k\ymkn tbmK-¯ntem kmwJy-¯ntem
H¶pw hym]-cn-t¡-­X - n-Ã. a{´-X{- ´m-Zn-If
- nepw Ah³
GÀs¸tS-­X - n-Ã. aäp imkv{X-§Ä k\ym-knsb kw_-
Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw ihs¯ B`-c-W-a-Wn-bn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-se-
bm-Wv. NÀ½-Im-c-s\-t¸mse Zqscbncp¶v IÀ½-hn-Zym-Nm-c-
§-fn \n¶v hnap-à\ - m-I-Ww. {]Whpw D¨-¯n D¨-cn-
t¡-­XnÃ. Xm³ sNbvX IÀ½-§Ä Bh-W-s¡-®-bnse
\pc-t]mse \nÊm-c-ambn Icp-tX­XmWv. Bß-hn-Nn-´-
\-am-I Ww Ahsâ ]c-a -e-£ yw. ZnKw-_ c k\ymkn
BZÀim-\p-cq]w {]hr-¯n¨v _me³, {`m´³, ]nimNv
F¶n-h-sc-t¸mse Pohn-Xtam ac-Wtam B{K-ln-¡c - p-Xv.
`rXy³ bP-am-\ sâ BÚ-sb-sb-¶-t]mse AbmÂ
Cuiz-tc-Ñb - n {i² sNep¯n {]hÀ¯n-t¡­-XmWv.
CXm-bn-cn-¡Ww D¯-a-\mb k\ym-kn-bpsS Nn´m-K-Xn.
27. XnXn£m PvRm\ sshcmKy iamZn
KpW-hÀPnXx
`n£m-am-t{XW Poho-kymXv kb-XnÀbXn
hr-¯n-lm.
28. \ ZWvU[ - m-c-tW\ \ apWvU-t\\
\thtj W \ Zw`m-Nm-tc-W-apànx
29. Úm\-ZWvtUm [rtXm tb\ GI ZWvUo
k DNy-tX.
ImjvTZWvtUm [rtXm tb\ kÀhmio
Úm\-hÀPnXx
30. kbmXn \c-Im³ tLmcm³ alm-cu-ch
kwÖvRn-Xm³
{]XnjvTm kpIco hnjvTm kam-[o\ alÀjn `nx
Xkvam-tZ\mw ]cn-XyPy IoS-hXv ]cy-tSXv bXnx
31. Abm-NnXw bYm-em`w t`mP-\m-Ñm-Z\w `thXv
]tc-¨bm N ZnKzmkm kv\m\w IpcymXv ]tc-Ñbm
32. kz]vt\]n tbm ln bpàx kymÖm
{KXo-h-hn-ti-jXx
CuZr-IvtNjvSx kvarXx t{ijvtTm hcnjvtTm
{_Ò-hm-Zn-\mw.
33. Atemt` \ hnjm-Zo-kymXv emt`-ssNh
\lÀj-tbXv
{]mW bm{Xn-Ia - m{Xx kym·m{Xm kwKm-Zzn-\nÀKXx
34. A`n-]q-PnX emw`mwÝ PqKp-]vtk\
ss\h-kÀhix
 522

I A`n-]q-PnX emss`-kvXp-b-XnÀ `qtàym]n k\ymkn `n£ kzoI-cn-¡m-hq. ASp-¸nse Xo AW-ª-

K
_[y- tX. Xn-\p-tijw FÃm-h-cp-tSbpw Blmcw Ign-ª-Xn-\p-tijw
`n£-bm-Nn-¡mw. PohnX hr¯nsb Dt±-in-¨p-am-{Xta `n£
XnXn-£, Úm\w, sshcmKyw iaw Zaw apX-emb
tNmZn-¡m-hq. kz´w ssIam{Xw `n£m ]m{X-am-Ip¶
t{ijvT KpW-§ sf k\ymkn ssIs¡m-Å -Ww. Ch
k\ymkn ho­pw ho­pw `n£ tNmZn-¡c - pXv. In«p-¶Xv
shSnªv DZ-c] - q-cW
- ¯
- n\v `n£m-hr¯n \S-¯p-¶-h³
\n¶p-sImt­m \S-¶p-sImt­m `£n-¡ mhp¶-X -mWv.
k\ymk hr¯nsb \in-¸ n-¡ p-¶ p. tIhew intcm
ssIbn-en-cn-¡p¶ Blmcw XoÀ¶nt« shÅw IpSn-¡m-
apWvU\w sImt­m ZWvU-[m-cn-bm- b-Xp-sImt­m tam£w
hq. kap- {Zs¯t¸mse k\ymkn [rX-a-cym-Z- \m- tI­- XmWv.
e`n-¡n-Ã. Úm\ ZWvU-ap-Å-h\ - mWv ZWvUn. a\-ÊnÂ
bYmÀ° k\ym-kn-IÄ alm-i-b-·mcpw BZn-Xy-s\-t¸mse
]e B{K-l-§fpw \nd-ªn-cn-s¡, Úm\-lo- \-X-bn apf-
\nÝn-Xa - mÀ¤-¯n k©-cn-¡p-¶-h-cp-am-W.v kIe Pohn-
hSn [cn¨v \mSyw \Sn-¡p-¶h - ³ tLmc-\-cI- -¯n\v A[n-
I-sfbpw kam-\-`m-h-¯n ImW-Ww. \nµn-X-·m-cpsS Krl-
Im-cn-bm-Ip-¶p. ]¶n-bpsS ae-sa-¶-t]mse shdp-t¡-­-
§-fn \n¶v `n£ hm§-cp-Xv. hmXn AS-¨n-«n-cn-¡p¶
XmWv IoÀ¯n-sb¶v alÀjn-amÀ ]d-bp-¶p. AXn-\mÂ
ho«n `n£bv¡v sNÃ-cp-X.v BUw-_c - -an-Ãm¯ Ffnb
Hcp k\ym-kn-bpsS IÀ¯hyw {]XnjvT Dt]-£n-¡p-I-
Krl-¯ntem hr£- ¨p- h-«ntem Ign- ªp-Iq- Smhp-¶-XmWv. \·-
sb-¶-Xm-Wv. A`n-am-\-c-ln-X-\mbn IoS-s¯-t¸mse k©-
sb¶pw Xn·-sb-¶p-apÅ t`Z-_p²n ssIhn-tS-­-Xm-Wv.
cn-¡W- w. ZnKw-_c k\ymkn Hcm-tfmSpw H¶pw Bh-iy-
s¸-S-cp-Xv. In«p-¶-Xn kwXr-]vXn-s¸« Ime-bm-]\w sN¿- 41. b{Xm-kvX-an-X-im-bo-kym-¶n-c-án-c-\n-tI-X\x
Ww. aäp-Å-hc - psS \nÀt±-i{- ]-Imcw Ipfn¡mw; hkv{Xhpw bYm-e-_t v [m-]-Pohn kym·p-\nÀ Zmt´m PntX-{µnbx
[cn-¡mhp¶-XmWv. kz]v\¯ - nepw Pm{K-Z-hØ- -b n-se-¶-
42. \njv{Iay h\-am-Ømb Úm\ btÚm Pntb-
t]mse s]cp-am-dm³ Ign-b-Ww. A§-s\-bp-Å-hÀ {_Ò-
{µnbmx
Úm-\n-If - n D¯-a-sc¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. `n£ In«m-Xn-
cn-¡p-t¼mÄ ZpxJn-¡p-Itbm In«pt¼mÄ kt´m-jn-¡p- Ime-Imw£o Nc-t¶h {_Ò-`q-bma Iev]tX
Itbm sN¿-m³ ]mSnÃ. PohnXw ]peÀ¯m³ th­n-am{Xw 43. A`bw kÀh-`q-tXt`ym ZXzm-Nc - Xn tbm ap\nx
`n£-tX-Smhq. _lp-am\w e`n-¡p-¶X - n DZm-ko-\-\m-I- \ Xky kÀh `qtXt`ym `b-ap-Zv]Z - ytX IzNnXv
Ww. am\m-]-am\ i_vZ§-fn Bk-à-\mb k\ymkn 44. \nÀ½m- \ - Ý m- \ - l w- I mtcm \nÀZzµ Ýn¶
apà-\m-bmepw _Ô-\¯ - n s]Sp-¶p. kwibx
35. {]mW-bm{Xm \nan¯w N hywKmtc ss\h-{Ip-²yXn \ tZzjvSn \m\rXw `mj-tX-Kncm
`pà-h-Öt\ 45. ]pWym-b-X\ Nmco N {`mXm\m ahn lnwk Ix
Imte-{]-ikvtX hÀ®m\mw `n£mÀ°w Imte {]m]vtX `thZv ss`£w Iev]ytX {_Ò-
]cy-tSXv Krlm³ `q- b tk
36. ]mWn-]m-{X-Ý-c³ tbmKo \mk-IrXv 46. hm\-{]Ø Krl-Ø m`ymw \ kwkr tPyX
ss`£-am-N-tcXv IÀln-Nn-Xv. AÚm-XN - cymw e]vtkyX \ ssN\w
XnjvT³ ]pWvPymXv Nc³ `pRvPymXv lÀj Bhn-tkXv
at[y-\m-N-a\w XYm A[zm-kq-tcyW \nÀ±njvSx IoS-hZv hnN-tc· low.
37. A_v[n-hXv [rX acymZm `h´n hni-Zm-ibmx
FhnsS kqcy³ AkvX-an-¡p-¶p, AhnsS InS-¶p-d-
\nbXnw \ hnap-©´n almt´m `mkvIcm bYm §-Ww. kz´-ambn Krlm-Zn-IÄ \nÀ½n-¡p-Itbm Aán
38. Btky\ Xp bZm-lmcw tKmh arK-btX ap\nx kq£n-¡p-Itbm sN¿-cp-Xv. F´p In«pt¶m AXp `£n¨v
XZm kax-kymXv kÀthjp tkmSar kwXr- ]X v n-tbmsS C{µn- b-§Ä \nb-{´n¨v Ign-b-Ww. Krlw
XXzmb Iev]tX hn«v Im«n Ign-tb­XmWv. kwb-tX-{µn-b-\mbn PvRm\-
39. A\nµyw ssh{h-tPXv tKlw \nµyw tKlw ]qÀ®-\mbn Imew {]Xo-£n-¨p Ign-b-Ww. A§-s\-bpÅ
XphÀÖ-t bXv k\ymkn {_Ò-`mhw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. kIe Pohn-IÄ¡pw
A`bw \ÂIn Pohn-¡p-¶-h\v Hcp Pohn-bn \n¶pw `b-
A\m-hrtX hnti-Zzmcn tKtl ss\hm
ap-­m-In-Ã. {]Xn-jvTbpw Al-¦m-chpw shSn-ªp, Zzmµzm-
-hrtX {htPXv
Xo-X-\mbn kIe kwi-b-§fpw hn«v, t{Im[-tZz-jm-Zn-c-ln-
40. ]mwkp\m N {]Xn-Ѷ iq\ym Kmc {]Xn-{ibx X-\m-bn, AkXyw ]d-bm-sX, D¯-a-amÀ¤-¯n k©-cn-
hr£-aqe \ntItXm hm Xyà-kÀh {]nbm {]nbx ¨v, In«p-¶-Xn kwXr-]vX\ - m-bn, Alnwk ]men-¡p¶
k\ymkn {_Ò-temI-¯n\v A[n-Im-cn-bm-Ip-¶p. k\ym-
D¯a PmXn- bnÂs]-«-h-cpsS hoSp-I-fn \n¶p am{Xta
kn¡v hm\-{]-Ø-t\mSpw Krl-Øm-{i-an-tbmSpw _Ôw
N P

I ]mSpÅX-Ã. Xsâ Pohn-XN- -cy-IÄ Ign-hXpw cl-ky-am¡n
shbv¡W - w. lÀjm-th-i§
- Ä¡-S-an-s¸-S-cp-Xv. kqcy-\nÀ±n-
jvS-amb amÀ¤-¯n-eqsS Hcp IoS-sa¶ hn[w k©-cn-¡-
Ww.
47. BioÀ¿p-à m\n IÀ½m-W n- l n-k m-b p-à m\n
bm\n N
temI-kw-{K-lb - p-àm\n ss\h Ipcy¶ Imc-tb-Xv.
48. \mkXv imkvt{Xjp ktÖX t\m] PnthX
Pohn-Imw.
AXn-hmZmw kvX ytPXv XÀ¡m³ ]£w IwN\
\m{i-tbXv
49. \injym-\-\p-_Ô - nX {KmÙmss¶ hm`y-tkXv
_lq³.
\hym- J ym- a p]bpRv P oX \mcw- ` m\m \mct`Xv
IznNnXv
50. Ahyà enwtKm hyàmÀt¯ ap\n-cp-·¯
_m-e -hXv
IhnÀaq-I-h-Zm-ßm\w XZv ZrjvSym ZÀi-tb-¶rWmw
51. \Ip-c ym-¶-h-tZXv In©nXv \[ym-tbXv km[z-
km[p hm
Bßm-cmtam \bm hr¯ym hnN-tcÖ Uh-·p\nx
52. GI-Ý-tc-·l - o-taXmw \nx kwKx kwb-tX-µnb
Bß-{IoUx Bß-cXn cmß-hm³ ka-ZÀi\x
53. _pt[m _me IhXv {IotUXv Ipitem PU-
h-¨t- c-Xh tZZp-·-¯h - -Zzn-Zzm³ tKmNcyw ss\K-a-Ý-
tc-Xv.
54. £n]vtXm ham\ntXm kZv` nx
{]ey_vt [m kqbntXm ]nhm
XmUn-Xx-k¶ - n-cpt²m hm hrXym hm ]cn-lm-]nXx
hnjvTntXm aq{XntXm hmssÚÀ _lp-ss[hw {]I-
ev]nXx t{ib-kvImax ItÑ-KX Bß-\m-ßm-\-ap-²-tc-Xv.
56. kwam-\\w ]mcw lm\nw, tbmKÀt² IpcptX
bXx
Pt\-\m-ha
- tXm tbmKo tbmK kn²nw N hnµXn
57. bYm Ntc-Xssh tbmKo kXmw [À½ a Zqj-
b³ P\m-b-Ym-ha
- -t\y-c³ KtÑ-bpÀ
58. Pcm-bp-Pm-WvUP
- m-Zo\mw hmMva\x Imb-IÀ½`nx
bpàx IpÀho\ \t{Zmlw kÀh-kw-Kmw-Ýh
- ÀÖ-
tb-Xv.
Ima\, lnwk, {]m]-©nI hkvXp-¡Ä t\Sm-\pÅ
tamlw Chsb kw_-Ôn-¡p¶ IÀ½-§Ä kw\ymkn
Dt]-£n¡-Ww. aäp-Å -h-sc-s¡m­v sN¿n-¡pIbp-acp-Xv.
N P
523
kXy-c-ln-X-amÀ¤-¯n a\Êv \bn-¡c K
- p-Xv. {Ib-hn-{Ib
hmWnPy hyh-km-bm-Zn-If - n GÀs¸S-cp-Xv. Bh-iy-¯n-e-
[nIw kwkm-cn-¡-cp-Xv. injy-·msc Gsd k¼m-Zn- ¡p-Itbm
Gsd {KÙ-§Ä ]Tn-¸n-¡ptbm Acp-Xv. Hcp {KÙ-¯n\pw
hymJym-\-sa- gpXn kzaXw Øm]n-¡-cp- X.v {]kn-²n¡v sRcp-
§-cp-Xv . kz´w B{i-a-¯ Â Hcp hntij NnÓhpw
Øm]n-¡-cp-Xv. A\y-cpsS ap¼n D·-¯t\m _met\m
AÚm-\ntbm t]mse s]cp-am-d-Ww. hnZzm-s\-¦nepw au\-
hrXw kzoI-cn-¡W - w. aäp-Å-h-cpsS CwKn-Xt- ¯mSp tNc-
Ww. a\-Ên \· Xn·-IÄ¡v CS-s¡m-Sp-¡-cp-Xv. Ign-
hXpw GI-\mbn k©-cn-¡-Ww. Bscbpw Iq«p-Im-c-\m-¡-
cp-Xv. thZ-Ús - \-¦nepw \nÀÆn-Im-c-\m-I-Ww. ZpjvS-·mÀ
\nan-¯-ap-­m-Ip¶ anYym-h-tcm-]m-Zn-Isf im´-Nn-¯-\mbn
kln-¡W - w. AhÀ D]-{Z-hn-¨mepw t£m`w ssIs¡m-Å-
cp- X v . AÚm- \ n- I Ä F{X- a m{Xw A]- a m- \ n¨mepw
AsXms¡ kln-¡W - w. ZpxJm-h-Øb - n Btßm-²m-c-
W-¯n\v bXv\n-¡-Ww. aäp-Å-hc - n \n¶p In«p¶ _lp-
- -
am\w Xt]m-\p-jT v m-\-¯n\v hnLv\s - a¶v a\-Ên-em-¡-Ww.
hn]-coX IÀ½-§-fm k\ymk [À½-¯n\v If¦w hcp-
¯-cp-Xv. Xm\p-ambn Bfp-IÄ k¼À¡w XpS-cm-\m-{K-ln-
¡p¶ hn[w {]hÀ¯n-¡ m-Xn-cn-¡ -Ww. hm¡v, a\-Êv,
IÀ½w, icocw Ch-bm Hcp Pohn-tbmSpw hntZzjw `mhn-
¡-cp-Xv. bmsXmcphn[ {]tem-`-\-§-fnepw s]S-cp-Xv.
59. Ima-t{Im[u XYm ZÀ¸ tem`-lm-Z-bÝ tb
XmwkvXp tZmjm³]-cn-XyPy ]cn-{hmUv
`b hÀPnXx
60. ss`£m-i\w N au\-\nXzw Xt]m-[ym\w
hnti-j Xx
kay-IvÚm\w N sshcmKyw [Àt½m bw
`n£p-t I-aXx
61. Imjmb hmkx kXXw [ym\-tbmK ]cm-bWx
{Kmamt´ hr£-aqte hm hmk-t±hm etb ]nhm
62. ss`£yW hÀ¯-tb-¶nXyw ss\I, ¶mio
`thXv Iz NnXv
Nn¯ ip²nÀ `th-Zym-hXv Xmh-¶nXyw
NtcXv kp[ox
63. XXx-{]-{hPy ip²mßm k©tc Zy{X Ip{X-
NnXv
_ln-c´ - Ý kÀh{X kw]-iy³ ln P\mÀ±-\w.
64. kÀh{X hnN-c³ au\o hmbp-hZv hoX
I·jx ka
ZpxJ-kpI £mt´m lkvX {]m]vXw N `£-tbXv
65. \nÀssh-tcW kaw ]iy³ ZznP-tKmiz arKm
Znjp `mh-b³ a\km hnjvWp ]c-amßm
\an-iz-cw.
 524

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kvac³Úm-ssXzhw at\m-ZWvUw [rXzm Bim- P{kw Pm{KXv kz]v \ kpjp- ] vX njp Xpco- bm-
\n-hrt¯m _qXzm Bimw-_c - -[tcm `qXzm, kÀh- hØmw {]m]y Xpco-bmXn XXzw {htP-Xv...
Zm-a-t\m-hm-¡ mb IÀa`nx kÀh-kw-km-c -ap-Õ rPy
Ah-injvS icocw Úm\-am-Wv. AXnsâ {]mW³
{]]-©m-hmMv apJx kzcq-]m-\p-k-Ôm-t\\ {`a-c-IoS
sshcm-Ky-hpw. iaw, Zaw Ch t\{X-§-fn-ep-am-Ip-¶p. ip²-
h\ym-tb\ `h-Xo-Xyp-]-\n-j-¯v.
amb a\Êv; apJw; _p²n; Ie; Ah-b-h-§Ä, A©v
kw\ymkn Imat{Im[mZn-IÄ ssIhn«v \nÀ`-b-\m-I- Úmt\-{µn-b-§Ä, A©p IÀt½-{µn-b-§Ä ]©-{]m-W-
Ww. `n£m-hr-¯n-sIm­p e`n-¡p¶ Blmcw Ign¡-Ww. §Ä A©p hnj-b-§Ä \mev A´x-I-c-W-§Ä Hcp {]Ir-
X]-Êv, a\-\m-h-ew-_-\w, Úm\m-t\z-j-Ww, hncàn Ch- Xn. C§s\ BsI Ccp-]-¯n-b©v AwK-§Ä. Pm{K-Xv,
bn a\Êpd-bv-¡W - w. Ijm-b-hkv{X[mcn-bmbn {Kmam-´- kz]v\w, kpjp-]X v n, Xpco-bw, Xpco-bm-XoXw F¶o A©v
c-§-fntem hr£-aq-e§ - -fntem tZhm-e-b-§-fntem Xma-kn- Ah-ØIÄ At±-l-¯nsâ ]©-`q-X-§-fm-Ip-¶p. IÀ½w,
¡m-hp¶-XmWv. kabw IqSp-Xepw [ym\-¯n hn\n-tbm- `àn, Úm\w, sshcm-Kyw, F¶o \memWv imJ-IÄ.
Kn-¡-Ww. `n£m-¶¯ - m Ign-ªpIqS-Ww. Hcp Krl- ta kqNn-¸n¨ ]Xn-¶mep Ic-W-§Ä Nfn-bn \nÂ
Øsâ Krl-¯n \n¶p-Xs¶ `£Ww kzoI-cn-¡-cp-Xv. ¡p¶ _e- an-Ãm¯ XqWp- IÄ t]mse- bm-Wv. kaÀ°- \mb
B{i-am-\p-Iq-e-am-b-Ncy A´x-I-c-W-¯nsâ ip²o-I-cWw \mhn-I³ Nfn-bn Dd¨ \uIsb amän bYmÀ° Pe-
Ch thWw. kI-e-]m] hnj-b-§-fn \n¶pw apà-\m- amÀ¤-¯ n-se-¯ n-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse kwkm-c-k m-K-c-¨-fn-¡p-
I-Ww. kpJ-Zpx-J§ - sf ka-ambn Icp-XW - w. £am-io-e- ¯n ]pXª Poh-\m-Ip¶ \uIsb t{ijvT-_p-²n- bmÂ
\mIWw. {_mÒ-W³, ]ip, IpXn-c, P´p-¡Ä FÃmw adp-I-cb - vs¡-¯n-t¡­Xp­v. Úm\-amb icocw e`n¨
Xpey \ne-bn ImW-Ww. Xm³ {_Òw Xs¶-sb¶ `mh- km[-I³ X¶nÂ\n¶pw hyXn-cn-à-amb FÃm hkvXp-
\-bn Cuiz-cs\ kÀh-Im-an-\n-hn-ap-à\pw Znlw_c\pw ¡fpw Iev]n-X-§-fm-sW¶pw A\-iz-c§ - -fm-sW¶pw a\-
a\kmþhmNmþIÀ½-Wm, {]]-©w kmc-lo-\s - a¶v KWn- Ên-em¡n X¶nÂXs¶ {_Ò-`mhw shbv¡W - w. Bßm-
¡p-¶-h\pw {`a-c-I o-S-\ym-tb\ kzkz-cq]w Adn-bp-¶ - h-ÃmsX asäm¶pw Adn-bm³ tbmKy-a-söv a\-Ên-em-¡-
h\pamb k\ymkn apàn {]m]n-¡p-¶XmWv F¶v D]-\n- Ww. Xm³ {_Ò-¯n \n¶pw `n¶-\m-sW¶v hnNm-cn¡-
j¯v A\p-im-kn-¡p-¶p. cp-Xv. Rm³ {_mÒ-amWv F¶ `mh\ F¶pw thWw. Pm{K-
Xv, kz]v\w, kpjp-]vXn, Xpcobw F¶o Ah-ØI - Ä
Bdmw A²ymbw XcWw sNbvXn-«pÅ tbmKn Xpco-b-Xo-Xm-hØ - -bn-se-¯p-
1. AY \mcZx ]nXm-al aphmN `K-h³, XZ-`ymk ¶XmWv.
himXv {`ac IoS-\ ym-b-h Xv XZ-`ymkx IY-a nXn 3. Znhm Pm{K-¶àw kz]v\ kpjp-]vXa - À²-cm{Xw
Xaml ]nXm- a lx kXy hmKv Ú m- \ - s shcm KX-an-tXy-Im-h -Øbmw NXt{km Ah-Ø mkvX p
Kym`yw hnin-jvS-tZ-lm-hi
- njvtSm htk-Xv. GssI-I-I-c-Wm-[o-\m-\mw. NXpÀZi Ic-Wm\mw
]ns¶ \mc-Z³ {_Òm-hn-t\mSv tNmZn-¨p. `K-h³, hym]mc N£p-Tc - m-Zo-\mw. N£qtjm cp]-{K-lWw
{`acw IoS-\ym-tb\ kz kzcq]w Adn-ª-Xn\p tijw t{im{Xtbmx i_vZ{- K-lWw Pnlzmbmx ckm-kzm-
tam£w e`n-¡p¶ kzcq]w Adn-bm-\pÅ A`ym-k-sa- Z\w {]mWky KÔ - { K- l Ww hNtkm hmKv
´mWv? {_Òmhp ]dªp: k\ymkn kXyw ]d-b-Ww, hym]mcx ]mtW-cm-Zm\w ]mZtbmx kwNmc ]mtbm-
PvRm\-ssh-cm-Ky-§-fm ico-c-¯n A\m-kàn hln- cpXv kÀ¤ D]-Ø-kym-\µ - {- K-lW
- w. XzNx kv]Ài
¡-Ww. hnIm-c-ap-à-amb ico-c-¯n Ign-b-Ww. {KlWw XZ-[o\m N hnj-b-{K-la _p²nx _p²y
_p²yXn Nnt¯\ tNX-bXn Alw-Imtc Wmlw
2. Úm\w icocw sshcmKyw Poh\w hn²n im´n ItcmXn hnkrPy Poh GXm³ tZlm-`n-a m-t\\
Zm´n t\t{X at\m-apJw _p²nx Iem ]©-hnw- Pothm `h-Xn. Krlm-`n-am-t\\ KrlØ Ch icotc
iXn XXzm-\y-h-b-hm, AhØm ]©alm-`q-Xm\m Pohx kwN-cX - n. hmKvZte ]pWym-hr¯n cmtá¿mw
IÀa-`àn Úm\ sshcmKy imJm Pm{KXv kz]v\ \n{Zm-ek
- ymu Z£n-Wmbmw {Iucy-_p-²nÀ ss\À-
kpjp]vXn Xpco-bm-Ý-XpÀZi Ic-Wm-\n. ]¦-kvXw- EXw ]m]-_p²nx ]Ýnta {IoUm-cX - nÀ hmbhymw
`m-Im-cm-Wn-Xn. Gh-a] \mh-aXn ]¦w IÀ®-[mc Kat\ _p²n-c p-¯ tcim´n cokmt\ Úm\w
Ch bt´h KPw kz _p²ym-hio IrXy kzhy- IÀWn-Imbmw sshcmKyw tIktcjp Bß-Nn´
Xn-cnàw kÀhw IrXIw \iz-ca - nXn aXzm hncàx CtXyhw h{àw, ÚmXzm.
]pcpjx kÀhZm {_Òml anXn hyh-lm-cm-¶m-\yXv
InwNnXv thZn- X hyw kzhyXn tctIW Poh³ Pm{K-¯m-Ip¶ Zn\hpw kz]v\a - m-Ip¶ cm{Xnbpw
aptàm htkXv IrX-I rtXym `h-Xn. \ \mlw kpjp-]vXn-bm-Ip¶ AÀ²-cm-{Xnbpw Cu aq¶p Ah-Ø-

N P
 525

I Ifpw Xpco-b-\nepw Xpco-bm-Xo-X\- nepw ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. hØ IqSn-bp-­v. hnizw ssXP kw{]mÚw XSØw F¶n- K
a\-Êv, _p²n, Nn¯w, Al-¦mcw F¶o \men\pw hi- h-bm Htc Bßm-hp-Xs¶ \mep-hn-[-¯nemIp¶p. AXn-
¯n-epÅ t\{Xw XpS-§nb ]Xn-¶mev Ic-W-§-fp-­v. \m Htc Hcp {_Ò-sa¶pw kÀh-km-£n-sb¶pw kXzm-
t\{Xw cq]s¯ {Kln-¡p-¶p. sNhn i_vZs¯; ssIIÄ Zn-Kp-W§ - Äs¡Ãmw AXo-X-s\¶pw AXns\ Icp-X-Ww.
hkvXp-¡sf FSp-¡p¶p; Imep-IÄ sIm­p \S-¡p-¶p; AsÃ-¦n Pm{K-Zm-Zn-\m-e-h-ØI - Ä¡pw DÅn Hmtcm-
KpZw ae-hn-kÀÖ\w sN¿p-¶p. D]Øw B\µw \ÂIp- ¶nepw \¶m-e-h-ØI - Ä D­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse Xpco-
¶p. Xz¡v kv]Ài-¯nepw _p²n hnjb {Kl-W-¯nepw bm-Xo-X-\nepw \me-h-Ø-IÄ ImW-p-a-tÃm. bYmÀ°-¯nÂ
hym]r-X-am-Wv. ssNX\yw Nn¯-¯n \n¶pw Al´ Xpco-bmXo X³ \oÀ KpW-\m-Wv. AXn Ah-Øm-t`Zw
Al-¦m-c-¯nÂ\n¶pw D­m-Ip-¶p. Cu kÀh-`m-h-§-fp- CÃ. Øqe-kq£va cq]-¯n-epÅ hniz-hpw, ssXP-k-hpw,
sSbpw Dev]¯n aptJ\ tZl-K-X-amb Bßm-`n-am-\-¯m {]mÚ-h pw, {_Ò-a m-W v. FÃm Ah-Ø-b nepw Htc
Poh³ Xpcob ssNX-\y-am-Ip-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ Poh-³ km£n hkn-¡p-¶p. XS-Ø-\mb Cuiz-c³ {ZjvSm-hÃ
Krlw Xtâ-sX¶ [mc-W-bn Krl-Ø-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶-Xp- IÀXr-Xz-t `m-àrXz Al-¦m-cm-ZnItfmSp-Iq-Snb Poh\pw
t]mse k©-cn-¡p-¶p. tZl-K-Xhpw AjvS-Z-f-I-ae - m-ß-I- {`jvSm-hn-Ã. tlm`n-am\w \nan¯w Poh-Xz-sa¶ A`n-am\w
hp-amb lrZ-b-¯n hkn-¡p¶ Poh³ Ia-e¯ - nsâ DÅ-Xn-\m Poh\pw IÀ¯r-XzmZn kwkv]Ài-\-¯n-¶X - o-
Ings¡ Zf-¯n {`aWw sN¿p-t¼mÄ ]pWym-ß-Im-\p- X-\-Ã. alm- Im-i- ¯n\pw LS-Im-i-¯n\p Xpey-am-bn- ¯s¶
jvTm-\-¯n {]hÀ¯n- ¡p- ¶p. Aán-tIm-Wn-epÅ Zf-¯n ]c-am-ßm-hn-t\mSv PohXz hyh-[m-\-ap-­v. C¡m-c-W-¯m-
k©-cns¡ \n{Z {]amZw F¶n- h-bn hym]-cn- ¡p-¶p. Z£n-
emWv lwk-kz-cq-]n-bmb {]mW³ DÑz- k-\n-izm- k-cq- ]-¯nÂ
W-¯n-em-Ip-t¼mÄ {Iqc-kz-`mhw Ie-cp-¶p. \nIr-Xn-bnÂ
tkmlw F¶p P]n-¨p-sIm­v kzkz-cq-]s¯ At\z-jn-
]m]-_p²n; ]Ýn-a-¯n {IoUm-\p-càn; hmbp-tIm-WnÂ
¡p-¶Xv CXv {Kln-¨m tZlm-`n-am\w hyÀ°-sa¶v [cn-
k©m-cw, Cuim- \-¯n Úm\w; Ia-em- IÀ®n-bn {]th-
¡m³ Ign-bp¶XmWv. {_Ò-am-I p-hm³ tZlm-`n-am\w
in-¡p-t¼mÄ sshcmKyw; Ia-e-¯nsâ tIk-c-¯n {]th-
ssIsh-Snt-b­XmWv.
in- ¡ p- t ¼mÄ Bß-N n´ D­m-I p- ¶ p. Bßm- h nÂ
ssNX\yw Xs¶-bmWv apJ-s¯-t¸mse apJyw, AXnsâ 5. Xyà-kw-tKm-PoX t{Imt[m eLym-lmtcm
clkyw Adn-bp¶ Úm\n¡v Xpco-bm-Xo-X-h-Ø-bn can- PntX-{µnbx
¡m³ km[n-¡p-¶-XmWv.
]n[mb _p²ym ZzmcmWn at\m-[ymt\ \nth-it- bXv
4. Poh-Zh
- Øw {]Yaw Pm{KXv ZzXobw kz]v\w
6. iqt\y-jz-hm-h-Im-tijp Kplmkp Nh t\jp N
X r X obw k p j p ] vX w N X p À ° w X p c obw
NXpÀ`nÀhn-c -lnXw Xpco-bm-boXw hniz-ssX-P -k- \nXy-bp-àwx kZm-tbmKo [ym\w kay Kp]-{I-taXv
{]mÚ XSØ t`ssZ-tcI Gh GtIm tZhx- 7. BXnYy {im²-b-tÚ-jp-tZh bmt{Xm
km£n \nÀKp-W-Ýn-XXv {_Òm-la - nXn hyml-tc- Õthjp N
Xv. t\mtNXv Pm{K-Z-h-Øm-bmw. Pm{K-ZmZn NXt{km
hØmx kz]vt \ kz]v \ mZn NX- t{kmhØm. alm-Pt- \jp kn²ymÀ°n \ KtÑXv
Xpcotb Xncn-bmZn NX-t{kmhØ \ tXzhw Xpco- DtZym-Kh
- nXv Iz NnXv.
bmXo Xky \nÀKp-Wky Øqe-kq£va Imc-W- 8. bssY\ ah-\yt´ P\mx ]cn-`-h´n N
cq-ss]À hniz tXPk {]mtÚ-izssc; kÀhm-h-
Ømkp km£n- t XzI Ghm- h - X n- j v T - t X. DX XYm bpà-Ý-tc-tZymKo kXmw hÀß \ Zpj-tbXv
XStØm {ZjvSm-X-StØm \ {`jvSm-{Z-jvSy-Xzm¶ 9. hmKv ZWvUx IÀ½ ZWvUÝ at\m
{ZjvssSh IÀ¯rXz t`màr-Xzmlw ImcmZn `nx. ZWvUÝ tX {Xb.
krjvtSm Pohx-Po-th-Xtcm \ kv]rjvSx Pothm]n
\ kv]pjvSm CXn tN¶ Pohm-`n-a-t\\ t£{X-`n- bsskytX \nbXm ZWvUmx kv{Xo ZWvUo N
a\x ico-cm-`n-am-t\\ Poh-Xzw. PohXzw LSm-Im-i- alm-bXo
a-lm-Im-i-hXv hyh-[m-t\-kvXn. hyh-[m-\-hi
- m-tZh 10. hn[qta N {]im-´áu bkvXp am[p
lwkx tkmlanXn at{´m- ¨ m-c W DÑm- k \nx Icow NtcXv
izmk hy]-tZti \m\p kÔm\w Itcm-Xn. Ghw
Krtl N hn{]-ap-Jym\mw bXn
hnÚmb ico-c m-`n-am\w XytP\ kco-cm-`n-am\n
`hXn k Gh {_tÒ-Xyp-Ny-tX. kÀthm-¯ax kvarXx

Pm{KXv kz]v\w kpjp]vXn Xpcob F¶o \me-h- 11. ZWvU`- n£mw N b IpcymXv kz[Àt½
Ø-IÄ¡pw D]-cn-bmbn Poh³ Xpco-bm-XoXw Fs¶m-c- hyk\w hn\m

N P
 526

I bkvXn-jvTXn \ sshcmKyw bmXn ¯n-bn Ign-bp-¶-h³ tami-s¸-«h - \

\oN-b-XnÀ ln kx
12. bkvan³ Krtl hnti-tj-W-et- `Zv `n£mw
N hmk-\mXv
X{X t\m bmXn tbm `qbx k bXnÀ
t\Xcx kvarXx
13. bx kco-tc-{µn-bm-ZntZym hnlo\w kÀh-km-£n-
Ww. ]mc-amÀ°nI hnÚm\w kpJm-ßm\w
kzbw {]`w
14. ]c-XXzw hnPm-\mXn tkmXn hÀ®m {iao-`-
thXv h˨m-{i-am-Ztbm tZtl ambbm ]cn-ev]nXw
K
- m-Wv. kzbw {]Im-
i\pw hnÚm-\-kz-cq-]\pw kpJ-ab - \pw kÀh-km-£nbpw
tZtl-{µnb cln-X-\p-amb {_Òs¯ kzcq-]-¯n ImWp-
¶-h-\mWv. hÀ®m-{i-tam-Xv]¯n amb-bn \n¶m-W.v AXn-
\m Ah-\-Xn\v AXo-X\ - m-Wv.
t_m[-kz-cq-]-\mb Xm³ hÀ®m-{i-am-Xo-X-s\¶p Icp-
Xp-¶-h-\mWv bYmÀ° k\ym-kn. hÀ®m-{i-am-Nm-c-§-
sfbpw bYmÀ° k\ymkn ssIs¡m-Åm-dn-Ã. {_Ò-Úm-
\n-IÄ¡v hn[ntbm \ntj-Ztam bmsXm¶pw Xs¶ _m[-
I-a-Ã. Hcp hkvXp-hns\ kw_-Ôn¨pw XymPy-{Kmly \nb-
ahpw AhÀ¡n-Ã. kIe _Ô-§-fn \n¶pw hnap-à-
cmWv bYmÀ° {_Ò-Úm-\n.

15. \mßt\m t_m[-cq-]ky aa tX k´n kÀhZm 20. hncPy kÀh-`q-tX`y Bhn-cn-©n-]Z- m-Z]n
CXn tbm thZ thZmss´x tkmXn LrWmw hn]mZy kÀh-kvan³ ]p{X-an-{Xm-Zn-t£z]n
hÀ®m-{iao `thXv 21. {i²m-epÀapàn amÀt¤jp thZm´
Úm\ en]vkbm
16. bky hÀ®m {iam-Nmtcm KfnXx kzmß
ZÀi-\mXv D]m-b\ - I
- tcm `qXzm Kpcpw {_Ò hnZw {htPXv
22. tkhm`nx ]ncn-tXm-ssjy\w Nnc-Imew
k hÀ®-\m-{i-am³ kÀhm³ AXoXy
kam-lnXx
kzmß-\n-ØnXx
kZm thZm´ hmIymÀ°w irWp-bm-Õp-ka - m-lnXx
17. tbm XoXy kzm{i-am³ hÀ®m-\m-ßt- \yh
23. \nÀatam \nc-lw-Im-c. kÀh hnhÀPnXmx
ØnXx ]pam³
kZm im´ym-Zn-bpàx k\v Bß-\ym-
tkmXnhÀ®m-{iao t{]màx ßm-\-ao-£tX
kÀth-ZmÀ°-th-Zn`nx
24. kwkm-ct- Zm-j-Zr-jvssSy-hh
- n-cà
- nÀ
18. Xkvam-Z-\y-{K-Xm-h˨m B{iam A]n \mcZ PmbtX kZm
Bß-\ym-tcm-]nXmx kÀth {`m´ym hnc-à -ky-Xp-kw-km-cmXv kw\ymkw
tX\m-ß-th-Zn\m kym¶-kw-ibx
19. \ hn[nÀ \ \ntj-[Ý \hÀtÖym 25. apap£px ]c-lw-kmJymx km£mXv
hÀÖy Iev]\ tamss£I km[\w
A`y-tkXv {_Ò-hn-Úm\w thZm´ {ihWmZn\m
{_Ò-hn-Úm-\n-\m-akvXn XYm \m\y¨ \mcZ
26. {_Ò-hn-Úm\ em`mb ]c-a-lwk kam-lzbx
A\m-k-à\ - mbn tIm]w Pbn¨v Aev]l - m-cn-bmbn
im´n-Zm-´ym-Zn`nx kÀsshx km[ss¶x
k\ymk C{µn-b-§sf \nb-{´n-¡-Ww. C{µnb Zzmc-§Ä
klntXm `thXv
Ah-tcm-[n¨v Bß-hn-Nn-´\w sN¿p-I- bm- W-bm-fpsS IÀ¯-
hyw. tbmtK-iz-cm-\p-bmbn km[-\n-b Xs¶ XXv]c - -\m- 27. thZm-´m-`ym-k\- n-cXx imt´m Zmt´m
bn-cn¡pw Ah³. GIm-´-Øm-\-¯n h\-¯ntem Kpl- PotX-{µnb
bntem Xma-kn¨v [ym\-¯n ebn-¡-Ww. {im²w, bÚw, \nÀ`tbm \nÀatam \ntXym \nÀZztµzm
AXn-Yn, kXv¡m-cw, tZh-bm{X apX-emb Hcp DÕ-h-¯nepw \njv]-cn-{Klx
Ah³ ]s¦-Sp-t¡-­XnÃ. Bfp-I-fn \n¶-I-¶n-cn-¡m³ 28. PoÀ® Iu]o-\-hm-kx-kym³
Bcpw kao-]n-¡m¯ Bcpw _lp-am-\n-¡m-s\-¯m¯ apWvUo-\-táym-Yhm `thXv
hn[-¯n s]cp-am-dWw. hm¡m-Ip¶ ZWvUw a\-Êm-Ip¶
{]mtÚm thZm´ hnZymKo \nÀ½tam
ZWvUw IÀ½-am-Ip¶ ZWvUw Cu aq¶p ZWvU-§-sfbpw
\nclw IrXnx
\nb-{´n-¡m³ Ign-ªn-«p-Å-h-\mWv bYmÀ° {XnZWvUo
k\ym-kn. hoSp-I-fnse ASp-¸nse Xo sI«-Xn-\p-tijw 29. an{Xm-Zn-jvT, ktam ssa{Xx kakvtX
`n£m-S-\-¯m `£Ww tXSn Ign-bp-¶-h-\mWv t{ijvT- tjzh P´pjp
\mb bXn. F¶m a\-Ên k\ym-k-an-ÃmsX `n£m-hr- GtIm Úm\o {]im-´mßm k k´-cXn t\Xcx
N P
 527
I {_Ò-{]m]vX n B{K-ln-¡ p-¶-h³ Hcn-¡ epw Hcp
Øm\hpw B{K-ln-¡-cp-X.v hn[m-Xm-hnsâ ]Z-hn-bm-bmepw
Bi Acp-Xv. ]p{X³ [\w XpS-§n-b-h-b A\m-k-à-
\mbn AbmÄ tam£-{]m-]vXn-¡pÅ amÀ¤-¯n Bk-
à-\m-IW - w. GsX-¦nepw D]-lm-c-hp-ambn Hcp kZvKp-cp-
hnsâ ASp-s¯¯n D]-\n-jvÚm\w k¼m-Zn-¡- Ww. {i²-
tbmsS Kpcp ]d-bp-¶Xv tIÄ¡-Ww. tamlw Al-¦mcw
Ch shSnªv Kpcp-ip-{iq-j-bn XÂ]c\m-I-Ww. kI-e-
hn[ Bk-ànbpw ssIsh-Sn-b-Ww. ka-Z-bm-Zn-bp-à-\mbn
DÅn Bßm-hns\ ImW-Ww. P·-P-cm-a-cW - m-Zn-I-fpsS
ZÀi\w sshcm-Ky-¯n\v Imc-Wa - m-Wv. ]qÀ®-ssh-cmKyw
h¶nt« k\ymkw kzoI-cn-¡m-hq. apap-£p-hmb ]c-al - w-
k³ D]-\n-j-¯pIÄ {ihn¨v {_Ò-Úm-\-¯n-\p- X-Ip- ¶Xv
A`y-kn-¡-Ww. aa-Xbpw `bhpw ]cn-Xy-Pn-¡W - w. ia-Z-am-
Zn-IÄ ioen-¡-Ww k¼m-Zn-¡m³ B{Klw ]mSn-Ã. Xe-
sam-«b
- -Sn¨v ]gb hkv{Xhpw Iu]o-\hpw [cn-¡p-Itbm
ZnKw-_-c-\m-bn-cn-¡p-Itbm Bhmw. aaXzw Al-¦mcw Ch
ssIsh-Sn-b-Ww. i{Xp-hns\ an{X-s¯bpw Htc coXn-bnÂ
ImWm³ Ign-b-Ww. A§s\ A´x-I-cWw ip²-am-¡p¶
tbmKn kwkmc kmKcw XcWw sN¿p-¶p. AÃm-¯-h\v
Akm- [y-a-Ã.
30. KpcpWmw N lntX-bpà kvX{X
kwh-Õcw htkXv
\nb-ta-jz-{]-a-¯kvXp btajp N kZm `thXv
31. {]m]y-Nmt´ XX-s sÝh Úm\ tbmK-a-\p-
¯aw Ahn-tcm-t[\ [À½ky kwN-tcXv
]rYzn-ho-anamw
32. XXx-kw-hÕ
- c
- -kymt´ Úm\ tbmK-a\p¯a
B{i-a-{Xmb apÕrPy {]m]vXÝ ]c-am-{iaw
33. A\p-Ú m]y Kpcpw ssÝh Ntc²n ]rYn
hoanamw Xyà-kwtKm PnX-t{Imt[m eLzm-lmtcm
PntX-{µnbx
PnÚm-kp-hmbn Kpcp ip{iqjm \nc-X\ - mbn Kpcp-
hns\ kam-{i-bn¨v Hcp kwh-Õcw Ign-bWw B{i-a-\n-
b-a§
- Ä ]men-¡p-¶X - n Ae-kXv Acp-Xv. {_Ò-Nc - yw,
Alnwk F¶nh \njvIÀj-tbmsS ]men-¡-Ww. C§-
s\-bpÅ km[-\-If - m tbmKw BÀÖn¨v [À½m-\p-Iq-e-
ambn Ign-b-Ww. C§s\ {_Ò-N-cyZym{ia-§Ä tkhn¨v
k\ymkn `qan-bn k©-cn-¡W - w. A\m-k-à-\m-bn-cn-¡-
Ww. t{Im[-a-cp-Xv. eLp-hmbn am{Xw Blmcw Ign-¡-Ww.
PntX-{µn-\mbn hÀ¯n-¡W - w.
34. Zzmhnau \ hnc-tPyX hn]-co-tX\ IÀaWm \ncm-
cwt`m Krl-ØÝ Imcyhmw ssÝh `n£pIx
35. amZyXn {]aZmw ZrjvSzm kpcmw ]oXzm N amZyXn
XkvamZv ZrjvS-hpjmw \mcow ZpcnXx ]cn-hÀP-tbXv
N P
36. kw`mjWw kl kv{Xn_n-cm-em]; t{]£Ww K
XYm, \r¯w Km\w klmkw N
]cn-hm-ZmwÝ hÀÖ-tb-Xv.
37. \ kv\m\w \ P]x ]qPm \ tlmtam
ss\h-km-[\w
\mán ImcymZn Imcyw N ss\ XkypkvXo l \mcZ
38. \mÀN\w ]nXr-Imcyw N XoÀ°-bm{Xm
{hXm\n N
[Àam [Àam-ZnIw \mkvXn \ hn[n euInIo {Inbm
39. kwXy-tPXv kÀh-IÀ½mWn temIm-Nmcw N
kÀhix
Iran-Io-S-]-Xw-KmwÝ XYm tbmKo h\-kv]-Xo³.
40. \ \mi-tbXv _pt[m Pohm³ ]c-amÀ°
aXn-c yXn
\nXy-a-´À½pJx kzÑx {]im-´mßm kz]qÀ®-[o.
41. A´x kwK-]c - n-XymKo temtI hnlc \mcZ
\ cmPtI P\-]tZ Nc-tXyI Ntcm ap\nx
42. \nx kvXpXnÀ \nÀ\-a-kvImtcm \nx
kzm[m-Imcm Gh N
Nem-Ne \ntI-XÝ bXnÀbm-Zr-ÑntIm `thXv
CXyp-]-\n-jXv
IÀ½-_² - -\mb k\ym-knbpw IÀ½-hn-ap-à-\mb
Krl- Ø \pw X§-f psS B{i-a - § Ä¡-\ p- I q- e - a mbn
{]hÀ¯n-¡p-t¼mÄ am{Xta tim`n-¡p-I-bp-Åq. aZyw IpSn-
¨mte aZ-ap- ­m-Iq. F¶m bph-Xn-bmb kv{Xosb I­mÂ
Xs¶ aZm-hØ - -bp-­m-Ipw. AXn-\m A§-s\-bpÅ
kv{Xosb k\ymkn ImWpIbcp-Xv. kv{XoI-fp-sam¯v
kwkm-c n-¡p-I, \r¯w, Km\w, ]c-\nµ F¶n-h-bnÂ
\n¶pw k\ymkn hn«p-\nÂt¡­XmWv. k\ym-k n¡v
kv\m\w, P]-]q-P, tlmaw, tZhmÀ¨-\, {im²w, XÀ¸-Ww,
{hXw, XoÀ°-bm{X F¶n-h-sbm¶pw k\ym-kn-¡m-h-iy-an-
Ã. [À½m-[À½-§tfm temIm-Nm-c-]-cn-]m-e-\tam th­.
km[m-cW IÀ½-§-sfÃmw ssIsh-Sn-b-Ww. ]cm-amÀ°n-
I-Im-cy-§-fnte _p²n hn\n-tbm-Kn-¡m-hq. Hcp Pohn-tbbpw
lnwkn-¡-cp-X v. ip²n tXS-Ww. im´-\mbn _p²nsb
Bßm-\-µ- ¯n ebn- ¸n- ¡-Ww. Acm-PI {]tZ-i¯p k©-
cn-¡c
- p-Xv. {im² XÀ¸-W§ - -fn \n¶v Hgn-hm-IW- w. Hcm-
sfbpw kvXpXn-¡-cpXv; \a-kI v -cn-t¡-­-Xnà \nÀP-\-Øm-
\t¯m ]ÀhX Kpl-If - ntem Xma-kn-¡-Ww. CjvSm-\p-k-
cWw k©-cn-¡mw F¶v D]-\n-j-¯v ]d-bp-¶p.
Ggmw D]-tZiw
1. AY btXÀ\n-b-ax-IY
- -anXn ]rjvSw \mcZw ]nXm-
alx ]pc-kvIrXy hncàx k³tbm hÀjm-kp-{[ph
iotem AjvSu amkn GImIo Ncss¶ I{X \nh-
 528

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kzK-a-\-\n-tcm[ {KlWw \ IpcymXv \ hr£m- Ôm\ ]tcm `qXzm kÀh- I À½-\ nÀapàx Ima-
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- m-Õc
- ym-ZnIw ZKv t[zm {XnKp-
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am-lK- c- ³ Irtim `qXzm tatZm hr²nw AIp-h³ t\-]-©-cm{Xw t£t{X ]©-cm{Xw; XoÀt° ]©-
\ BPyw cp[n-ca - nh XytP-Xv. GI{X A¶w ]ey- cm{Xw A\n-tIXx Ønc-aXnx \ A\r-X-hmZo Kncn
e-anh KÔ-te-]\w Aip°n te]-\-anh A`ywKw Iµ-tcjp htkXv GI-G-hZzu hmN-tcXv {Kmaw
kv{Xokw-Ka - n-hh an{Xm-Ëm-ZIw aq{X-anh kv]rlmw {Xn`nÀ \Kcw NXpÀ`nÀ {Kma antXy-IÝ - -tcXv `n£p.
tKmamw kanh ÚmX-N-ct- Ziw NWvUm-f-hm-Sn-Im- NXpÀZ-i-I-c-Wm\mw \ X{Xm-h-Imiw ZZym Zhn-Ñn¶
anh kv{Xobw Aln-anh kphÀ®w Imf-Iq-S-anh Úm\mXv sshcmKy k¼-¯a - -\p-`qb at¯m \
k`m-Øew ivaim-\-Ø -e -anh cmP-[m\ow Ipw`n- IÝnXv \m\y hyXn-cnà CXn Bß\n BtemNy
]m-Ia- nh ih-]n-WvUh - Xv GI-{Xm¶w \ tZlm-´- kÀ hXx kzc q- ] - t ah ]i y³ P oh³ apà nx
c-Z Ài\w {]]- © - h r¯nw ]cn- X yPy kztZ- i - a p- Ahm]y {]mc_v[ {]Xn `mk-\mi ]cy´w NXpÀ
Õ r Py Ú mX - ] - c - t Zi w h nlmb h nk- a r X hn[w kzcq]w ÚmXzm tZl-]X - \ ]cy´w kcq-
]ZmÀ°w ]p\x-{]m]vX lÀj Ch kzam-\-µ-a-\p- ]m-\p-kÔ
- m-t\\ htk-Xv.
kva-c³ kzi-co-cm-`n-am\ tZi-hn-kva-cWw aXzm kzi-
hÃXpw Bh-iy-s¸-SmsX In«n-bm AXp hm§n¨v
cocw ih-anh tlb-ap-]K - a- y-Im-cm-Kr-lh - n-\nÀapà
k´p-jvS-\m-IW - w. IÀ½saÃmw ssIhn«v {_Ò-{]-Wh
tNmc- h Xv ]p{Xm- ] v X - _ - Ô p- ` - h - Ø ew hnlmb
[ym\p-k-Ôm\ ]c-\m-Ip-I. Ima-t{Im-[m-Zn-IÄ \ntÈjw
ZqctXm htk-Xv.
shSnªv hni¸pw Zmlhpw aqew hymIp-eX Ie-cm-sX,
]n¶oSv \mc-Z³ {_Òm-hn-t\mSv tNmZn¨p: `K-h³, P·w hr²n, Pc F¶o hI-bn hymIp-e -s ¸-Sm-s X,
k\ym-kn-bpsS \nb-a-§Ä Fs´m-s¡-bm-sW¶v a\-Ên- \nÀssh-c-\mbn ico-chpw a\Êpw ip²-am¡n shbv¡-Ww.
em-¡n-¯-cp-I, At¸mÄ {_Òmhp ]dªp: "sshcmKyw {Kma-¯n Hcp cm{Xn, \K-c-¯nepw ]pWy-t£-{X-¯nepw
t\Snb k\ymkn Htc Øm\¯v hÀj-Im-e-¯nse \mep- XoÀ°-Øm-\-§-fnepw A©pcm{Xn þ AXn IqSp-XÂ
am-k-§Ä am{Xta hkn-¡m-hq. _m¡n F«p-am-k-§fpw Xma-kn-¡-cp-Xv. kz´-ambn hoSp-­m-¡c - p-Xv. anYym`mjW-
k©-cn¨p sIm­n-cn-¡W - w. Htc-S¯v Gsd t\cw X§-cp- a-cp-X.v _p²nsb kZzn-Nm-c-§-fn \bn¨v GI-\mbn k©-
Xv. A§s\ sNbvXm [À½-{`-jvSm-\m-Im-\n- S-bp-­v. Bsc- cn-¡p-I. Xma-kn-¡ps¶¦n AXv ]Àh-X-Kp-l-bn-em-I-aw.
¦nepw A§-s\-sbmcp B{Klw {]I-Sn-¸n-¨mepw AXn\v aäm-cp-sam¯v Xmakw ]mSn-Ã. aq¶p hyàn-If - psS kl-
hg-§-cp-Xv. \oZn \o´n-I-S-¡-cp-Xv. hr£-¯n Ib-dp-Itbm hmkw {Kma-Xp-eyhpw \mep-t]-cm-bm \K-c-Xp-ey-hp-am-W.v
tZmthm-Õ-h-§-fntem aäp taf-I-fntem ]¦p-sIm-Åp-Ibpw C{µn-b-§Ä¡v hnj-b-§Ä Nn´n-¡m³ CS-sIm-Sp-¡-cp-Xv.
Acp-Xv. Bßm-hn-s\-b-ÃmsX aäp tZh-·msc D]m-kn-¡- Bscbpw `n¶-cmbn ImW-cp-Xv. A§s\ k\ymkn kzkz-
cp-Xv. Htc ho«n \n¶p Xs¶ `£Ww kzoI-cn-¡c - p-Xv. cq]w am{Xw Nn´n¨v Poh-ap-à-\mbn Ign-b-Ww. acWw
Nµ-\mZn kpK- Ô-{Z-hy- §Ä XyPn-¡-Ww. £mchpw kv]Ài- hsc kzcq-][ - ym-\\- n-c-X-\m-I-Ww. Bß-t_m[w k¼m-Zn-
\-tbm-Ky-a-söv Icp-XW - f-b-ÃmsX aäp ¡p-I-sb-¶-XmWv k\ym-kn-bpsS {][m\ Ir-Xyw.
- w. Iu]o-\m-Zn-Is
hkv{X-§sf F¨n ]m{Xw t]mse Icp-XW - w. F®
3. {Xnj-h-Wm-kv\m\w IpSo-NI - ky _lq-Z-I ky
tX¨p Ipfn ]mSn-Ã. kvt\ln-X-·m-cpsS kl-hmkw Hgn-
Zzohmcw lwk-tky-Ih - mcw ]c-a-lw-kky am\k
hm-¡-Ww. B{K-l-§Ä D­m-Im-\nS sImSp-¡-cp-Xv. k`m-
kv\m\w Xpco-bm-Xo-Xky `kva-kv\m-\-a-h-[q-Xky
k-an-Xn-IÄ ivaim-\X - peyw Icp-Xp-I. kv{Xosb kÀ¸w
hmb- h y- k v \ m\w DuÀ[z- ] pWv {Uw IpSo-N - I ky
t]mse `b-¦c - -sa¶v Icp-Xp-I. kzÀ®s¯ Imf-Iq-S-hnjw
{Xn]pWv { Uw _lq- Z - I ky DuÀ²z ]pWv { Uw
t]msebpw cmP-[m- \nsb IpZo- ]m-I-\-c-Iw-t]m-sebpw GIm-
{Xn]pWv{Uw lwkky `kvtam-²q-e \w ]c-a-lw-
¶s¯ arX-I] - nWvUw t]msebpw Icp-XW - w. tZls¯
kky Xpco-bm-Xo-Xk - y-Xn-eI
- ]- pWv{U ahq-Xky \
Bß-`n-¶a - mbn Nn´n-¡-cpXv; kztZiw ssIhn-S-Ww. ]cn-
InwNnXv Xpco-bm-Xo-Xm-h-[q-Xt- bm. EXp-£ucw IpSo-
Nn-XØ - m-\-§-fn Gsd X§-cp-Xv. kz´w IpSpw-_mw-K-
N-Iky EXp-Zz-b£ - ucw _l-lqZ Iky \ £ucw
§fpw ]cn-Nn-Xcpw hkn-¡p-¶nSw hn«v Zqsc t]mI-­. Xsâ
AkvXn-tN-Zb - \ £ucw. IpSo-N-Iky Im¶m-am-[p-
ico-cs¯ ihw t]mse Icp-Xp-Ibpw AXn A\m-k-
Icw _lq-ZI - ky lwk-]-ca - lw ktbmx-Ic - -]m{Xw
à-\m-Ibpw thWw. k\ymkn `mcy ]p{Xm-Zn-Isf Dt]-
Xpco-bm-Xo-X ky tKmapJw Ah-[q-X kym PmK-c -
£n¨v Ahsc ImWm-\n-S-sIm-Sp-¡msX AIse Ign-tb­-
hr¯n imSo-Zzbw IpSo-NI ky_-lq-Z-I-ssky-I-
XmWv.
imSo lwk-ky-JWvUw ZnKw_cw ]c-a-lw-kky

N P
 529

I GI-Iu-]o\w hm Xpcobm XoXm h[q-Xt- bmÀPm- lwk-]-c-a-lw-k-·mÀ¡v B´-cnI {]W-hhpw Xpco-bm-Xo- K

X-cq-] -[-cXzw lwk-] -ca
- lw ktbm-c-Pn\w \ Xp Xm-h-[q-X·- mÀ¡v {_Ò-{]-W-h-\-amWv hn[n-¨n-«p-Å-X.v IpSo-
At\ym-jmw. NI _lp-Z-I· - mÀ¡v {ih-Whpw lwk-]-c-a-lw-k-·mÀ¡v
a\-\hpw Xpcn-bm-Xo-X m-h-[q-X-·mÀIvI \n[n-\ym-bhpw
aq¶p kÔy-I-fnepw IpSo-NI k\ymkn kv\m\w
BWv hn[n. FÃm-h-cp-sSbpw e£yw Bßm-\p-k-Ôm-\-
sN¿-Ww. _lq-ZI - \v c­p-X-h-W. lwk\v Hcp-X-hW;
am-bn-cn-¡-Ww. FÃm-hcpw tam£-{]m-]X
v n-¡mbn {]b-X\ v n¨v
]c-al
- w-k\v am\-knI kv\m\w hn[n-¨n-cn-¡p¶p; Xpco-
sIm­n-cn-¡p-Ibpw {]m]-©nI hnj-b-§-fn \n¶pw
bm-Xo-X\v `kvat- e-]\w aXn. Ah-[q-X³ hmbp-kv]Ài-
tamN\w t\Sn Poh-·p-àm-h-Øbpw ssIh-eym-h-Øbpw
¯m Xs¶ kv\m\-¯n\pw Xpeyw ip²-\m-Ip-¶p. IpSn-
{]m]n-¡p-hm³ {ian-¡p-Ibpw Bh-iy-am-Wv.
N-I³ s\än-bn DuÀ[z ]pWv{Uhpw _lq-ZI - ³ {Xn]p-
Wv{Uhpw [cn-¡-Ww. lwk\v CXn-te-sX-¦n-ep-sam-¶m-Imw.
F«mw D]-tZiw
]c-al
- w-k\v tIhew `kvat- e-]\w aXn. Xpco-bm-Xo-X\v
Xne-I-]p-Wv{Uw. Ah-[q-X\v Hcp NnÓhpw th­... IpSo- AY ssl\w `K-h´w ]c-ta-jvTn\w \mcZx
N-I³ c­p-am-k-¯n-sem-cn-¡epw _lq-ZI - ³ \mep- am-k- ]{]Ñ kwkmc XmcIw {]]t¶m {_qlnXn
¯n-sem-cn-¡epw £ucw sN¿mw, lwk\pw ]c-a-lw-k\pw XtYXn ]c-tajvTo hàpw D]-N{- I-ta, Hmw CXn
Bdp-am- k-¯n-sem-cn-¡Â. {_Ò CXn-hyjvSn kajvSn {]mtIW Im hrjvSn.
Im kajv S nx kwlm- c - { ]- W h; krjv S n- { ]- W h
Ah-[q-X\pw Xpco-bm-Xo-X\pw £ucw Bh-iy-an-Ã.
Ým´À _ln-tÝ-Z-bm-ß-I-XzmXv Xznhnt[m {_Ò-
IpSo-N-I³ Htc-S¯p \n¶v Blmcw kzoI-cn-¡mw. _lq-
{]-Whx A´x {]Wthm hymh-lm-cnI {]Whx
Z-I³ am[p-Ic- o-hr¯n sIms¡m-Å-Ww. lwk\pw ]c-a-
_mly-{]-Whx BÀj-{]-Whx DZ-bm-ßtIm hncmSv
lw-k\pw ssIIfn `n£ kzoI-cn-¡p-I. Xpcn-bm-Xo-X³
{]Whx kwlm-c -{]-W thm {_Ò-{]-Whx AÀ[-
tKmap-J-hr-¯nbpw Ah-[q-X ³ AP-Kc - -h r-¯n-bp-am-Wv.
am{Xw {]Whx
`£W Imcy-¯n ssIs¡m-tÅ-­Xv IpSo-NI - ³ c­p
hkv{Xhpw _lq-ZI - ³ Hcp hkv{Xhpw lwk³ c­p ]ns¶ \mc-Z³ `K-hm³ {_Òm-hn-t\mSv XpSÀ¶v
XpWn¡pw ]c-a-lw-k³ Hcp Iu]o-\hpw [cn-¡-Ww. Xpco- tNmZn¨p: ""`K-hm-s\, GXp a{´-amWv kwkm-c-Xm-cI - -am-
bm-Xo-X\pw Ah-[q-X\pw hkv{Xw [cn-t¡­ Bhiyw bn«pÅXv. AXv F\n¡p ]dªp X¶mepw.'' {_Òmhv
Xs¶-b n-Ã. ]dªp: ""Hmw'' F¶ Xmc-I -a-{´-¯ n\p Xs¶-bmWv
AXn\v iàn- b p- Å Xv. AXns\ hrjvS n- cq- ] -¯ nepw
7. IpSo-N-I-_-lq-ZI - t- bmÀ tZhmÀ¨\w lwk ]c-a-
kajvSn cq]-¯nepw Nn´n-¡W - w. \mc-Z³ hrjvSn-sb-¸-
lw-k-tbmÀam-\-kmÀ¨\w Xpco-bm-Xo- Xm-h-[q-Xtbmx
änbpw ka-jvSn-sb-¸ä- nbpw Adn-bm³ B{Klw {]I-Sn-¸n-¨-
tkmlw`mh\m IpSo-NI _lq-Zp-I-tbmÀ a{´-P-
t¸mÄ {_Òmhv ]dªp: ""\mc-Z, hrjvSnbpw ka-jSv nbpw
]m-[o-Imtcm lwk ]c-a-lwk tbmÀ[ym-\m-[n-Imcx
{_Ò-{]-Wh - -¯nsâ AwK-§Ä Xs¶ GI-amb {_Ò-{]-
Xpco-bm-Xo-Xmh [qXtbm \h \ym[n Imc Cb-Xo-
W-h¯- nsâ AwK-§Ä Xs¶ GI-amb _{]-Ò{- ]-Wh - -
Xm-hZ- h
- [
- q-X-tbmÀ alm hm Iym[n-Imcx ]c-a-lw-
¯n\p kwlm-c-{]-W hw krjv Sn-{]-Whw D`-bm-ß Iw
k- k ym]n IpSo- N I _l p- Z I lwkm- \ mw- \ m-
{]Whw F¶v aq¶p t`Z-ap-­v. D`-bm-ßI {]W-hw, _mly-
\ytkym ]tZim[n- I mcx IpSo- N I _lq- X - I -
{]-W-h-sa-¶pw. B´-cnI {]W-hs - a¶pw c­p hn[-am-Wv.
tbmÀam-\p-j -{]-W hx lwk-]-c-a-lw-k-tbm-cm-´ c
AXn-\m AXns\ D`-bm-ßI {]W-b-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶p.
{]W-h-Ip-So-NI _lq-`-Itbmx {ih-Ww. lwk ]c-
{_Ò-{]-W -h-¯ n\v hymh-lm-cnI {]Whw Fs¶mcp
a-lwk tbmÀa-\\w Xpco-bm-XoXw h[q-Xt- bmÀ\n-
t`ZhpwIqSnbp­v. hrjvSn-{]-W-hs¯ _mly-{]-W-h-sa¶pw
Zn-[ymkx kÀth-jm-am-ßm-\p-kÔ - m\w hn[n-cn-tXyh
]d-bp-¶p. BÀj-{]-Whw F¶pw ]dbm­v. D`-bm-ßI
apap£px kmÀh-Zm-kw-km-c-Xm-cIw Xmc-I-a-\p-kva-c³
{]W-hs¯ hncmSv {]W-hs - a¶pw ]d-bp-¶p. AIm-cmZn
Poh-·ptàm htk-Xv. A[n-Im-ch - n-ti-jW ssIh-
\mep am{X-I-tfmSp IqSn-bXpw Øqem-`n-t`-X-bp-à-hp-amb
ey-{]m-]vXyp-]m-b-a-\zn-tjy-ZyXnx CXyp-]-\n-j-Xv.
{]W-hs¯ AÀ²-am{Xm {]W-h-sa¶pw ]d-bs¸Sp-¶p.
IpSo-N-I-\pw, _lq-Z-I\pw tZhmÀ¨\ sN¿-W w.
2. HmanXn {_Ò. Hman-tXy-I m-£ -c-a ´x {]Whw
lwk-\pw, ]c-a-lw-k\pw am\-ko-ImÀ¨-\-bv¡m-Wm-[n-Im-
hn²n. k NmjvS[m `nZy-t X. AIm-tcm-Im-c-a -Im-
cw. Xpco-bm-Xo-X\pw Ah-[q-X\pw tkmlw AXv Rm\m-
cmÀ²-am{Xm \mZ _nµp Iem-iàn tÝXn X{X
Ip¶p F¶ `mh\ aXn. IpSo-N-I\pw _lq-Z-I\pw a{´w
NXzmc AIm-cÝ - -bp-Xmh hb-hm-\znXx DImcx kl-
P]n-¡m\pw lwk\pw ]c-a-lw-k\pw [ym\-¯n\pw Xpco-
{k m- h - b - h m- \ zntX m aI mc x i X m- h - b th m
bm-Xo-X\pw Ah-[q-X\pw alm-hm-tIym-]-tZ-i-¯n\pw A[n-
t]tXmÀ²am{X {]W- t hm\´mh- b - h m- I mcx
Im- c-ap-­v. IpSo-N-I\pw _lp-Z-I\pw km[m-cW {]W-hhpw
kKptWm hncmSv {]Whx kwlmtcm \nÀKpW
N P
 530

I {]Whx DZ-bm-ß -tIm-Xv]¯n {]Wthm bYm- 8. k icocw kam-tcm-]y-X-·b

- Xzw XtYm-anXn K
¹ptXm hncmSv ¹pXx ]v fpX kwlmtcm hncmSv {Xn icocw Xam-ßm\w ]cw-{_Ò hn\-Ýn-\p.
{]Whx tjmU-ka - m-{Xm-ßI - Xzw IY-an-Xyp-Nyp-tX.
AImcx {]Y- t am- I m- t cm- Z zn- X o- b m- a - I m- c -k v X r- X o- {]Wh cq]-amb Cu ]cm-ßmhv kÀh-hym-]n-bm-Wv.
bmÀ²-am{Xm NXpÀ°o \mZx ]©ao _nµpx jjvTo AXv ]c-a-tPymXn kzcq-]hpw kÀh-¯n\pw B{i-b-hp-am-
Iem k]vXao Iem-XoX jvSao im´nÀ \h hoim- Wv. tZh-·m-scÃmw AXnsâ cq]w Xs¶. k¼qÀ® {]]-
´y-XoXm Ziao D·-t\y-Im-Zio at\m-·\o ZzmZio ©m-[m-chpw kÀhm-£c kzcq-]hpw CXpXs¶bmIp¶p.
]pco {Xtbm-Z io a[yam NXpÀ Zio ]iy´o Ieym-W-a-bhpw kÀh-im-kv{X-a-b-hp-am-Wn-X.v {ipXn-I-fnepw
]©Zio ]tcmtjmUio ]p\ÝXpx jjvSn-am{Xm X·-cq-]-¯ nepw Ct±-l s¯¯s¶-bmWv tXtS-­-Xv.
{]IrXn ]pcpj ssZzhn[y amkm-ZrjvSm iXyp-¯- hÀ¯- a m- \ , `qX, `hn-j yXv Ime- § - f psS kmchpw
c-t`-Z-am{Xm kzcq-]a- m-kmZy kKpW \nÀKp-W-Xz-ap- CXpXs¶bmWv. tam£w \ÂIm³ t]m¶Xv Cu {]W-h-
t]Xy GtIm]n {_Ò {]Whx sa¶v a\-Ên-em¡p-I. {_Òs¯ Bßm-hn GIo-`-hn-
¸n¨v {]W-hs¯¯s¶ GIhpw Pcm-c-ln-Xhpw Aar-X-
"Hmw' {_Ò-am-Wv. AXv GIm-£-c-a-{´-am-Wv. AXp- cq-]hpw Nn·-b-XXzpw F¶v Adnb-Ww. hnizs¯ Hmw
Xs¶ A´w {]Whw AXv AImcw DImcw aImcw AÀ²- F¶v IcpXn Xsâ Bßm-hns\ {_Ò-sa¶p IcpXn ]c-
am-{X, \mZw, _nµp, Ie, iàn F¶v F«mbn hn`-Pn-¡- am-ßm-hn ZrV-ambn XmZmßyw {]m]n¨v Aßm-hnsâ cq]-
s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. \mep-am-{X-tbm-Sp-IqSn ]cn-e-£n-X-am-Ip¶ ¯n-epÅ {_Ò-s¯-¸än kZm Nn´n-¨p-t¡-­-Xm-Wv.
{]W-h¯ - nsâ Hmtcm am{Xbv¡pw At\Iw t`Z-§-fp-­v.
AIm-c-am-{X¡p Xs¶ ]Xn-\m-bncw Ah-bhap­v. DIm-c- 9. ]cw {_Òm-\p-kw-Z[ - ymXv hnizm-Zo\mw
¯n\v Bbncw; aIm-c-¯n\v \qdv; AÀ±-am-{Xm-{]-Wh - hpw {Iax-{I-amXv
A\-´h - p-amb Ah-bhw tNÀ¶-XmWv hncmSv {]W-hw. Øqe-XzmXv Øqe-`p-àzm¨ kq£va-XzmXv
kKp-Whpw kwlm-c-{]-Whw \nÀKp-W-hp-am-Wv. krjvSn kq£va-`pIv ]cw
{]Whw kKp-W\ - nÀKp-W§- -fp-ambn _Ôn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. 10. sFIy-Xzm-\µ t`mKm¨ tkmb-amßm
hncmSv {]Whw AIm-cm-Zn-\mep am{X-I-fpsS ka-jvSn-tbmSp NXpÀ hn[x
IqSn-b-Xm-Wv. kwlm-c-{]-Whpw NXpÀ°n am{Xm-ß-I-amb NXp-jv]mXv PmK-cnXx Øqex Øqe {]tÚm
AÀ²-am-{Xm-cq]w tNÀ¶-Xm-W.v hncmSv {]Whw ]Xn-\mdp ln hniz `pIv
am{X-IÄ AS-§nb-Xm-Wv. AXns\ ap¸-¯n-bmdp XXz-
11. GtIm\ hnwiXn apJw kmjvSmwKx
§Ä¡pw D]-cn-bmbn KWn-¡s - ¸-Sp-¶p. AImcw AXnsâ
kÀhKx {]`px
{]Y-aa - m-{X-bmWv DIm-cw, aIm-cw, AÀ²-am-{X, _nµp, \mZw,
Ie, Iem-Xo-X, im´n, im´y-Xo-X, D·-\n, at\m-·-\n, Øqe-`p¡v NXp-cm-ßmY hntizm sshizm-\cx
]qcn, a[y-a, ]Ýy´n ]cm F¶p bYm-{Iaw c­m-a-t¯- ]pam³
Xn ]Xn-\mdp am{X-I-fmWp-ÅXv. ]Xn-¶mdp Ie-I-tfmSp 12. hniz-PnXv {]Yax ]mZx kz]v\ Øm\-KX - m, {]`px
IqSnb Cu {_Ò-{]-Whw Xs¶-bmWv ÚmXhpw A\p- kq£va-{]Úx kztXm-jvSmwKx GtIm-\m\yx
Úm-Xhpw A\p-Úb - pw. Ahn-Ie - v]-cq-]-amb Xpco-b- ]cw-X ]x
¯nÂ\n¶pw `n¶-a-Ãm¯Xn\m AXv Adp-]¯n \mev 13. kq£va `p¡v NXp-cm-ßmY ssXPtkm
am{X-I-tfmSp IqSn-b-Xm-bn-Xo-cp-¶p. {]IrXn ]pcpj cq]- `qX-cm-Ubw
¯n c­p hn`m-K§ - -fp-­v. A§s\ \qän Ccp-]-¯n-
lncWy KÀ`x Øqtem-S´ - À ZzoXob ]mZ DNytX
sb«p am{X- I- fm AS-§n- bXm-Wv. C§s\ Htc Hcp {_Òw
Xs¶ {]W-h-¯nsâ kKpW \nÀKpW cq]w [cn¨v ZrjvSn- 14. Imaw Imb-atX bmh-Zy{X kp]vtXm \ I©\
t`-Z¯
- m At\-I-cq]w {]m]n¡p¶p. kz]v\w ]iyXn ss\h-am{X XXv
4. khm-[mcx ]cw-tPym-Xn-tcj kÀtÆ-iztcm hn`px kpjp-]vXa- ]n ØpSw
kÀh tZh-abx kÀhx {]]©m [mc-KÀ`nXx 15. GIo `qXx kpjp]vX Øx {]Úm\ L\-
hm³ kpJo \nXym-\µ - a- tbm ]ymßm kÀh
5. kÀhm-£-ca - bx Imex kÀhm-Ka - -abx inhx
Pohm-´-ØnXx
kÀh-{ip-Xyp-¯tam arKymx kI-tem-]\ - n-j-·bx
16. XYm-]ym-\-µ-_p-IvtNtXm apJx kÀh-K-tXm-hyb
6. `qXw `hyw `hn-jy-ZyXv {XnIm-tem-ZnX ahybw NXp-cm-tß-izcm {]mÚ kvXrXnbmx
XZ-t]ymw-Imc tahmbw hn²n-tam-£-{]-Zm-bIw ]mZ-kw-ÚnXx
7. Xta-hm-ßm-\a - n-tXy-XZv {_Ò i_vtZ \ hÀ®nX Øqe-¯n-sâbpw kq£va-¯n-sâbpw t`màm-hm- b-Xp-
XtZ-I-a-ar-X-a-P -ca- -\ p-`qb XtYm-anXn sIm­pw B\-tµm-]-t`m-àm-h-b-Xp-sIm­pw Bßm-hn\v
N P
 531

I \mev hn`m-K-§fmWp-ÅXv. Cu t`Z-§Ä ImcWw Bßmhv 23. \m {]PvR-a]n ¶ {]Úm-L\w Nm ZrjvS-tah K

NXp-jv]m¯v AXm-bXv \mep-Im-ep-I-tfmSp IqSn-b-sX¶v N XZ-e£ - W a{Kmlyw bZv hyh-lmcyw Ahy-]-
Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. Pm{K-Zh
- Ø
- bpw PK¯pw BcpsS tZl- tZiyw GImß {]Xy-kmcw {]]-t©m-]-iaw inhw
am-tWm, BcpsS Úm\-amtWm Cu {]]-©-¯n hym]n- im´w AssZzXw NXpÀ°w a\yt´ k {_Ò-{]-
¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xv Bcv ka-kvX-hn-iz-¯n-sâbpw t`màm-hm-W,v Whx khn-t Útbm \m]-c -k vX p-c nbx kÀh{X
BcpsS apJ-amWv A©p IÀt½-{µn-b-§Ä DÄs¸sS `m\p-h Xv apap-£ p-W m-a m-[ mcx kzbw tPymXnÀ
]s¯m³]Xv Imc- W-§-fm-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv `qtem-Iw, `qhÀtem- {_Òm-Imcx kÀhZw hncm-PtX ]c-{_-ÒX - zm-Zv-þ-C-
Iw, kzÀtem-Iw, alÀtem-Iw, P\-tem-Iw, Xt]m-tem-Iw, Xyp-]-\ n-j-Xv.
kXy-tem-Iw, ]mXmfw F¶o F«p temI§fpw BcpsS
C§s\ ]c-am-ßmhp Xs¶-bmWv kI-e-Xn\pw \mY-
AwK-amtWm BcpsS A`n-hy-àn-bmtWm Øqe-kq£va
\m-bn-«p-Å-X.v CXp-Xs¶ Nn´y-hpw, kq£va-cq-]hpw, PKXv
Imc-Whpw km£n-bp-ambncn¡p-¶- X,v kÀh-hym-]nbpw hniz-
Imc-W-`q-X-hpw, PohnIfpsS krjvSn-Øn-Xn-eb Øm\-hpw.
cq-]-hp-amb B sshizm-\-c³ Xs¶-bmIp¶p. {_Ò- ¯nsâ
aq¶v Ah-ØI - -tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb Cu hnizw kpjp]vXn cq]-
{]Y-a -] m-Z w. kz]v\ hpw hniz-h ym- ] vX -a mb {_Òhpw
¯nem-Wv. CXv kz]v\ kam-\hp-am-Wv. ap¼v a\-Ên-em-
kq£va{- ]-Ú-am-Wv. AXnsâ hnÚm\w B´-cnI PK-
¡nb aq¶p ]mZ-§Ä¡p ]pdsa \mem-a-sXmcp ]mZw IqSn-
¯n hym]-cn-¡p-¶XmWv. AXn\v \mep XncnhpI-fp-­v.
bp-­v. AXv ÚmXw, A\p-Úm-Xm-h,v A\p-PR v -X, Ahn-
{]Im-im-[n-]X - n-bm-I-bm AXns\ ssXP-k-sa¶p ]d-
Iev]w F¶o \mep cq]-t¯mSpIqSn-b-Xm-Ip¶p. CXnsâ
bs¸Sp-¶p. AXv kÀh-`q-Xm-[n-]X - nbpw lnc-Wy-KÀ`-hp-am-
\mep ]mZ- §fpw Xpcobw Xs¶bmWv. Hmtcm cq]hpw Xpco-
Wv. AXn-s\-¯s¶ ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ ZzXob ]mZ-sa¶v ]d-
b-¯n hnebw {]m]n¡p¶p. Xpcob ]mZ-¯n ÚmXw
bs¸Sp-¶p. kpjp-]vXn-bn a\p-jy³ kz]v\w ImWm-dn-
A\p-Úm-Xmhv A\pÚ F¶o aq¶p cq]-§fpw hnI-
Ã. Nn´bpw At¸m-gn-Ã. B Ah-Øbpw AXn IqSn
ev]-Úm-\m-ß-I-am-Ip-¶p. Ch-sbÃmw kz]v\ Xpeytam
D]-e£ - n-Xa - m-Ip¶ hniz-¯nsâ {]f-b-cq-]hpw BcpsS
ambtbm BIp¶p. Cu hnIev]§Äs¡-Ãm-a-Xo-X-amb ]c-
Øm\-amtWm Bcv A´-cym-an-bmbn ØnXn sN¿p¶
am-ßmhp Xs¶-bmWv GI- am- ßmb k¨n-Zm-\-µ- cq- ]w. Øqe-
kzkz-cq-]-¯nsâ B\-µ-a-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶, Bcv Ahn-\m-inbw
kq-£va-§-fpsS ÚmXm-h-Ãm-¯Xpw c­n-s\- ¸-änbpw Adn-
{]Im-i n- X - a m-I p¶ apJ- t ¯mSp IqSn- b - h - \ p-a m- I p¶p
bm-¯Xpw {]Úm-\-cq-]-a-Ãm-¯Xpw I®p-IÄ¡v tKmN-c-
ÚmXmhv A\p-Úm-Xmhv A\pÚ Ahn-Iev]w F¶o
\mep cq]-§-fn bmsXm¶v A`n-hy-à -am-I p-¶p. B a-Ãm-¯Xpw Hcp \nÀh-N-\-¯nepw HXp-§m-¯Xpw [ym\-
{]mÚ³ Xs¶-bmWv ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ XrXob ]mZ-sa¶v K-ay-a-Ãm-¯Xpw {]]-©m-Xo-Xhpw AZzn-Xo-bhpw ]c-a-I-eym-
Adnbp-I. W-ab - -hp-amb B XXzw Xs¶-bmWv {_Ò-¯nsâ \mem-
as¯ ]mZw. AXns\ Úm\n-IÄ {_Ò-{]-Whw F¶p
17. Gj kÀth-izcssÝj kÀhÚx IcpXp-¶p. AXv {_Òw Xs¶ kzbw {]Im-i\pw BImi
kq£va -`m-th\ kzcq-]-\p- amIp¶p.
Gtjm´cymtayj tbm\nx kÀhky
{]`-hm]y bu H¼Xmw D]-tZiw
18. `qXm\mw {Xb-a-t]y-XXv kÀthm-]-ca - -_m-[Iw 1. AY {_Ò-kz-cq]w IY-anXn \mcZx ]{]Ñx Xw
XXv kpjp]vXw ln bXv kz]v\w ambm am{Xw tlmhm- N - ] nXm alx Inw {_Ò kzcq- ] - a nXnx
{]IoÀ¯nXw At\ymkmht\ym la kva oXn tb hnZpx tX
19. NXpÀ°-ÝX - p-cm-ßm]n k¨n-tZ-Ic- tkm ]ybw ]ithm \kz `mh ]ihx Xtahw Ú mXzm
hnZzm³ arXyp-a p-J m-X n- { ]- a p- N ytX \m\yx ]vY m
Xpco-bm-h-kn-X-Xzm¨ GssI-I-Xzm\p kmcXx
hnZytX Ab-\m-b.
20. ÚmXm\p Úm{X-\p-ÚmXr hnIev]
Úm\ km[\w ]n¶oSv \mc-Z³ {_Ò-kz-cq]w F´m-sW¶v tNmZn-
¨p. At¸mÄ {_Òmhv ]dªp: ""Xsâ cq]w Xs¶-bmWv
hnI-ev]-{X-b-a-{Xm]n kpjp-]vXw kz]v\-am-´cw
{_Òw. Xm³ {_Ò-¯n \n¶v `n¶-am-sW¶p Icp-Xp-¶-
21. ambm-am{Xw hnZn-ssXzhw k¨n-tZI ctkm-lybw
h³ a\p-jy-\à - mXmIp¶p. arK-tbm-\n-bn P\n-¨-Xp-sIm-
hn`tàm lyb-am-tZtim \ Øqe {]Ú-a-\zlw ­p-am{Xw Hcp arK-¯ns\ arK-sa¶v ]d-bm³ ]mSn-Ã.
22. \ kq£va a {]Ú-a-Xy´w \ {]Úw bYmÀ° Úm\-an- Ãm-¯-h-\mWv arKw. {_Òs¯ kÀhm-
\ IzNn-·pt\ ßm-hm-bn-¡-cp-Xp¶ Úm\n arXyp-ap-J-¯nÂ\n¶v tamNn-
ss\hm-{]Úw t\m`-bXx {]Úw \ ¡p¶XmWv. tam£ e_v[n-¡pÅ GI-amÀ¤w ]c-am-ß-
{]Ú-am-´-cw. Úm\w am{XamsW¶v Adn-bp-I.

N P
 532
I 2. Imex kz`mthm \nb-XnÀ bZrÑm
`qXm\n tbm\nx ]pcpj CXn Nn´yw
kwtbmK Gjmw \ Xzmß-`mhm
Zmßm-ly-\oix kpJ ZpxJ tltXmx
3. tX [ym\-tbm-Km-\p-KXm A]-iy³
tZhm-ßi
- à
- nw. kzKssWÀ \nipVmw
bx Imc-Wm\n \nJn-em\n Xm\n
Xmem-ßb
- p-àm-\y-[njvT tXyIx
4. Xta-Ikvanw kv{XnhrXw tjmUm-im´w
iXmÀ[mcw hnwiXn {]Xym-cm`nx
AjvSssIx jUv`nÀ hniz-cq-ss]-I-]mi
{XnamÀ¤-t`Zw Zzn\n-bn-ss¯I tamlw
5. ]©-t{km-tXm_p ]©tbm \yp{K-hy{àmw
]©-{]m-tWmÀ½n ]©-_p-[ymZn aqemw ]©m
hÀ¯mw ]© ZpxJuL-thKmw
]©m-iXv t`Zw ]© ]Àhm [oam
6. kÀhm Poth kÀh kwtØ _rlt´
Xkvan³ lwtkm {`aytX {_Ò Nt{I
]rY-Km-ßm\w t{]cn-Xmcw N aXz
PqjvS-kvXX kvtX\m arX-Xz-taXn
7. DZvKo-Y-ta-XXv ]caw Xp {_Ò
Xkvanw kv{Xbw kz {]Xn-jvTm-£cw N
A{Xm-´cw thZ-hntZm hnZnXzm eo\m.
]tc {_ÒWn XXv ]cm-bWmx
8. kwbp-à-ta-XXv £c-a-£cw N
hyàm-hyàw `ctX hniz-aoi;
A\o-iÝ
- mßm _[ytX t`màr `mhm
9. ÚmÚu ZzmhPm hoim\o imh-Pm-tlyIm
t`màr t`mKmÀ° bpàm
A\-´-Ýmßm hniz-cq-t]m-ly-IÀ¯m
{Xbw bZm hnµptX {_Ò-tly-XXv
10. £cw {][m\aar-Xm£cw lcx
£cmXv am\m-ho-itX tZh GIx
Xkym-`n[ym\m tZymP-\m-¯Xz `mhmXv
`qbÝmt´ hniz-am-bm-\n-hr¯n
Iew, kz`m-hw, ^e-Im-c-Wa - mb IÀ½w, BIkva- nI
kw`-hw, Pohm-ßmhv Ch hnkz-¯-\p-Im-c-W-amtWm? Ah
tNX\mßmhns\ Xs¶ B{i- b n-¡ p-¶ -h -b mIp¶p.
kpJþZpxJ§Ä¡v Imc-Wa - mb {]mcm-_v[§
- Ä¡v hiw-
h-Z -ambn Ign-b p-¶ -P o-hm-ß mhpw Cu hnizm-k -¯ n\p
N P
ImcW¡m-c\-Ã. Ch Nn´n¨v APo-Úm-kp-IÄ [ym\n-
K
¡p-Ibpw kzKp-Wm-hr-Xh - pw, kzcq-]`- q-Xhpw ANn-´y-hp-
amb Bi-ànsb km£m-XvI-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p. ]c-
ßm-hn-tâXpXs¶-bmWv B Znhy-amb iàn. Hcp- t-a\n-
bpw, ap¶v he- b-§fpw ]Xn-\m-dp-X-e-bpw A¼Xv Ac-§fpw
Ccp-]Xv klm-bI Ac-§fpw Bcv AjvS-I§ - fpw Hcp
]mihpw At\-cq-]-§fpw aq¶p-t`-Z-§-fp-ÅXpw Hcp \m`n-
tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-X-amb N{Is¯ AhÀ I­p. A©p t{kmX-
Êp-I- fn \n¶pw DÛ-hn-¡p¶ hnj-bm-ß-I- P-e-¯n k¼-
¶-hp-amb \Zn A©p ]Àh-Xt- ¯mSp IqSn-bXpw A¼Xp
t`X-§-tfmSp IqSn-bp-apÅXmIp-¶p. FÃm Pohn-IÄ¡pw
B{i-b-am-bn-cn-¡p¶ hnkvXr-X-amb Cu {_Ò-N-{I-¯nÂ
Pohm-ßmhp {`aWw sNbvXpsIm-­n-cn¡p-¶p. Pohm-ßmhv
X\n¡pw asä-Ãm- hÀ¡pw t{]cW \ÂIp¶ ]c-am-ßm-hns\
\¶mbn a\-Ên-em-¡ n-¡ -gn-bp-t¼mÄ ]c-am-ß m-hp-ambn
XmZmßyw {]m]n¨v Aar-X-Xzs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶XmWv. thZ-
§Ä ]c-am- ßm- hnsâ alXzw DZvtLm-jn-¡p-¶XmWv. kÀh-
t{i-jvThpw Ahn-\m-inbpw Bbn ]c-{_Òw ]cn-ek - n-¡p-
w. thZ-Ú-·mÀ A´-cym-an-bmbn ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ B ]c-
am-ßm-hns\ Nn´n-¨p-Xs - ¶-bmWv AXn hnebw {]m]n-
¨n-«p-Å-Xv. hyàm-hy-àa - mbn \ne-sIm-Åp¶ Cu {]]-
©s¯ [cn¨p kwc-£n-¡p-¶Xv B ]c-{_Òw Xs¶-
bmIp¶p. Pohm-ßmhv kwkm-c-hn-jb - -t`m-K§
- Ä A\p-`-
hn-¡p-¶-Xm-I-bm {]Ir-Xn¡v hiw-h-Z-ambn {]]-©-_-Ô-
\-¯ n s]«p- g-e p-¶ p. F¶m ]c-{_- Ò m-ß -I -a mb
Úm\w t\Sn¡gnªm kIe _Ô-\§ - -fnÂ\n¶pw
apà-amIp-¶XmWv. Úm\n-sb¶pw AÚm-\n-sb¶pw
kaÀ°-sa¶pw Ak-aÀXvY-sa¶pw Pohm-ßm-¡Ä c­p
hn[-¯n-ep-­v. Pohn-IÄ¡-\p-Iq-e-amb t`mKy-h-kvXp-¡Ä
{]Zm\w sN¿p¶ iàn Cu {]IrXn Xs¶bmIp¶p.
bYmÀ°-¯n ]c- {_Òw k¼qÀ®- cq-]- bp-àhpw IÀ¯r-
XzmZn A`n-am-\-c-ln-X\pw A´-c-ln-X\pw BIp¶p. Cuiz-
c³ Poh³ {]IrXn Cu aq¶n-s\bpw a\p-jy³ {_Ò-
¯nsâ cq]-¯n A\p-`-hn-¡pt¼mÄ Ahsâ _Ô-\-
§-sfÃmw hntÑ-Zn-¡-s¸-Sp¶XmWv. {]IrXn \iz-c-am-Ip-¶p.
F¶m AXnsâ t`màm-hmb Bßmhv Ahn-\m-in-\n-
bmst¶mÀ¡Ww. Htcsbmcp Cuiz-c³ Xs¶-bm-Wv. \iz-
c- amb Cu {]Ir-Xn-sbbpw Ahn-\m-in-bmb Bßm-hn- s\bpw
\nb-{´n-¡p-¶X - .v a\-Êns\ Cuiz-c-\n ebn-¸n¨v Cuiz-
cs\ \nc-´cw Nn´n-¨p-sIm-­n-cp-¶m HSp-hn km[-
I³ At±-l-s¯-¯s¶ {]m]n-¡p-¶XmWv. B \ne-bn-
se-¯p-t¼mÄ a\p-jy³ kI-ea - m-b-I-fnÂ\n¶pw hnap-à-
\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶XmWv.
11. ÚmXzm tZhw apNytX kÀh ]mssix
£ossWx t¢sskÀP-·-arXyp {]lm-Wn.
Xkvam-`n-[ym-\mXv {XnXbw tZl-t`tZ
hnssizizcyw tIhe B]vXI
- max
 533
I 12. GX-PvtÚbw \nXy-ta-hmß kwØw \mXx
]cw-th-Zn-Xhyw lnIn-©nXv
t`màm t`mKyw t{]cn-Xmcw N aXzm
kÀhw t{]màw {Xnhn[w {_Ò-tly-XXv
13. Bß-hn-Zym-Xt- ]m-aqew XZv{_-tÒm-]\
- n-jZv ]cw
]c-am-ß m-hns\ [ym\n¨am{X-bn Xs¶ kIe
]m]§fnÂ\n¶pw hnap-à-\m-Ip-¶XmWv. t¢i-§Ä \in-
¨-tijw XrXob temIw hsc A\m-k-à\ - m-bn-cp-¶-Xp-
sIm­v P·-ar-Xyp-¡-fn \n¶-I¶v ]c-a-]Zw {]m]n-¡p-w.
{_Òw X¶n Xs¶-bm-Wp-ÅXv. AXn-s\-¯-s¶-bmWv
]cn-]qÀ®-ambn Adn-tb-­Xpw. {_Ò-s¯-¡mfpw Adn-tb-
­-Xmbn bmsXm-¶p-ans-öpXs¶ Icp-XpI. t`mKy-sa¶pw
t{]c-I-sa¶pw Adnªp Ign-ªm FÃm-hÀ¡pw kzbw
Úm\w DZbw sN¿p-¶XmWv. aq¶p hyXykvX hkvXp-
¡-fnepw {_Òw Xs¶-bmWv hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-sX¶-dn-bpI.
AXv ssIh-cn-¡m-\pÅ aqe-km-[\ X]Êp Bß-Úm-
\-hp- sa¶v Adnbp-I.
14. bx Ghw hnZnXzm kzcq-]t- a-hm-\p-Nn-´-b³ X{X
tIm tamlx Ix timIx GIXz a\p-]i - yXx XkvamZv
hncmUv `qXw `hyw `hn-jyXv `h-Xy-\-iz-ck - z-cq-]w.
Cu hn[w a\-Ên-em¡n Xsâ kzcq-]-amb {_Ò-s¯-
¯s¶ [ym\n¨p sIm­n-cn-¡p¶ Úm\n¡v timI-sa-
hn-sS, taml-sa-hnsS? `qXw hÀ¯-am\w `mhn F¶o {XoIm-
em-ß-I-amb hnizw Ahn-\m-in-bmb {_Ò-¯nsâ cq]w
Xs¶bmIp¶p.
15. AtWm-cW - o-bm³ al-tXm-a-lo-bm³
Bßmky Pt´mÀ\n-lntXm Kplm-bmw.
Xa-{IXpw ]iyXn hoX-timtIm [mXpx
{]km-Zm-·-ln-am-\-aoiw
16. A]m-Wn-]mtZm Pht\m {KloXm
]iy Xy N£pxk irtWmXy IÀ®x
k th¯n thZyw \ N XkymkvXn th¯m-Xam
lpc{Kyw ]pcpjw alm-´w.
17. AJocw icotcjz\-h-tØ-jz-h-ØnXw
alm´w hn`q-am-ßm\w aXzm [otcm \ timN-Xn.
18. kÀhky [mXm-ca - -Nn´y imànw
kÀhm-K-a-´mÀ° hnti-j-thZyw
]cm-Xv]cw ]caw ]caw thZn-Xhyw kÀhmh
kmt\ kIr-tZz-Xn-Xhyw
19. Ihnw-]p-cmWw ]pcp-tjm-¯t- am-¯aw
kÀth-izcw kÀh-tZ-ssh-cp-]mkyw
A\mZn a[ym-´-a-\-´a - -hybw inhm-NypXmw
t_mcp-lK- À` `q[cw
N P
20. tkz\m hrXw kÀh-anZw {]©]w K
]©m-ßIw ]©-kp-hÀ¯-am\w ]©o-IXm \´
`h-{]-]©w
]©o-IrX kzmh-b-ssh-c-kw-hr-Xw.
21. ]cm-Xv]cw b·-ltXm alm´w
kzcq-]t- X-tPm-ab imizXw inhw
\mhn-ctXm ZpÝn-cn-Xm-¶m-imt´m \mk-a-lnXx
\mim-´a - -\tkm hm]n {]Úm-t\-ss\
-\-am-]v\p-bmXv
22. \m´x {]Úw \_lnx {]Úw
\ Øqew \mØqew \ PvRm\w \mÚm\w
t\m `btXx {]Ú-a-{Km-ly-a-hy-h-lmcyw
kz´x ØnXx kzb-ta-thXn b Ghw thZ k
aptàm `hXn
kaptàm `h-Xo-Xyl `K-hm³ ]nXm-alx
AWp-hn sh¨v AWphpw al-¯nepw al-¯p-amb
B {_Òw Pohn-I-fpsS lrZ-b-t£-{X-¯n tim`n-¡p-¶p.
AXp-Xs¶ FÃm-h-cp-sSbpw P·-Zm-Xm-hpw kwc-£-I\pw
AXnsâ Zb-bm a\p-jy³ ]c-am-ßm-hns\ km£m-XI v -
cn¨v AXnsâ aln-asb Adn-bp-¶p. AX-dn-bp-¶-h³ FÃm
ZpxJ-¯n \n¶pw apà-\m-Ip-¶XmWv. B ]c-am-ßmhv
ssIIm-ep-IÄ IqSmsX kÀh-kvXp-¡-sfbpw {Kln-¡p-
¶XpamWv. AXn-thKw Ncn-¡p-¶p. I®p-Iq-SmsX FÃmw
ImWpIbpw sN¿p¶p. ImXp-Iq-SmsX tIÄ¡p-¶XpamWv.
ÚmX-hy-h-kvXp-¡-fpsSsbÃmw ÚmXm-hmIp¶p AXv.
]t£ Bcpw AXns\ th­-X p-t ]mse Adn-b p-¶ n-
söXmWv kXyw. Úm\n-IÄ AXns\ ]pcm-W] - p-cp-j-
s\¶v ]d-b-s¸Sp¶p. AXv Cuizc tZl-§-fn ico-c-an-
ÃmsX IpSnsImÅp¶XmWv. kI-eXpw t]mjn-¸n-¡p¶
ANn´y iàn-bm-Ip¶p A-Xv. kIe imkv{X-§fpw
AXnsâ k¯-sb-¸än {]Xn-]m-Zn-¸n-¨n-«p-­v. ]c-{_-Ò-cq-]-
¯n Adn-tb-­Xv AXp-Xs - ¶bmIp¶p. {]]-©-¯nsâ
{]f-b-Im-e¯pw Adn-b-s¸-tS-­Xv AXp-X-s¶bmWv. AXp-
Xs¶ ]pcp-tjm-¯-a\pw {XnIme Úm\nbpw kÀth-iz-
c\pw tZh-]q-Pn-X\pw AXv BZn-a-[ym´w lnXhpw Ahn-
\m-i n-b p-a mIp¶p. {_Ò-a mb AXv hnjvW p, inh³,
{_Òmhv F¶o-cq-]-¯n-epÅ hr£-¯nsâ Bhn- jvIÀ¯m-
hm-Ip¶p. ]©-`q-Xmß kzmwio-I-cn-¨n-«p-ÅXv F¦nepw
]©-` q-X m-ß - I -a mb {]]-© s¯ Ah³X-s ¶-b mWv
kzmwio-I-cn-¨n-«p-Å-X.v LS-I-§-fm kzbw {]`m-hn-X-\-Ã.
AXv kzbw {]Imi-cq-]-amWv; k\m-X\ - \
- mWv Ieym-W-
kz-cq-]hpw al-¯p-amWv BNm-c-ip-²n-bn-Ãm-¯-hÀ C{µnb
\n{Klw k m[n- ¡ m- ¯ - h À N©eNn¯À C hÀ¡v
{_Òs¯ {]m]n-¡p-hm³ km[yamIp¶X-Ã. AXv B´-
cn-Is
- ¯tbm _mly-s¯tbm DZ-b-_m-lym-`ym-´-c-§-
sftbm Adn-b p-¶ pan-Ã . AXv Øqetam kq£vatam
 534

I Úm\-kz-cq-]tam AÚm\ kzcq-]tam A`n-K-ayt\m \n¡m-Xp-t]mse AbmÄ Hcn-¡epw Hcn-S¯v Ønc-ambn

AÃm¯XmWv. AXv bmsXmcp hn[-amb hyh-lm-c-]-cn-[n-
bnepw s]Sp-¶n-Ã. B´-cn-I-amb cq]-¯n AXv kzbw
ØnXn sN¿p-¶XmWv. C§s\ B]-c-{_-Òs - ¯-¡p-dn-¨-
dnª Úm\n tam£w {]m]n-¡p-¶p-sh¶v ]nXm-a-l³
Acp-fp¶p.
23. kzkz-cq-]Úx ]cn-{hmSv ]cn-{hm-tU-ImIo Nc-
Xn-`-b-{XkvX kmcw-Kh - -¯n-jvTXn Ka\ hntcmZw
\ ItcmXn kzi-coc hyXn-cnàw kÀhw Xyàzm
jSv]-Z-hrXym ØnXz kzcq-]m-\p-kÔ - m\w IpÀh³
kÀh-a-\\y _p²ym, kzkvan-t¶-ha - ptàm `h-Xn.
k ]cn-{hmSv kÀh-{Inbm ImcI \nhÀ¯-tIm-Kp-cp-
in- j y- i m- k v {Xm-Z n-h n-\ nÀapàx kÀh kwkmcw
hnkrPy Nmtam-lnXx ]cn-{hmSv IYw \nÀ[-\nIx
kpJo [\- h m³ Úm\m- Ú m- t \m- ` bm XoXx
kpJ-Zpx-Jm-XoXx kzbw tPymXn {]Imix kÀh-
thZyx kÀhÚx kÀh kn²oZx kÀth-i z- c x-
tkmlanXn XZv hnjvtWmx ]caw ]Zw b{X KXzm
\ \nhÀ¯t´ tbmKn\x kqtcym \ X{X-` mXn
\iim-t¦m]n \ k ]p\-cm-hÀ¯tX \ k ]p\cm
hÀ¯tX XXv ssIh-ey-an-Xyp-]-\n-j-Xv.
kzkz-cq]w Adnª k\ymkn GIm-In-bmbn am{Xw
k©-cn-¡p¶p. t]Sn-¨-c­
- -am³ Hcn-S¯pw kzØ-ambn
K
hkn-¡p¶X-Ã. asäm-cn-S¯v t]mIWw F¶ Nn´bpw
Ah\nÃ. AbmÄ kI-eXpw XyPn¨v `n£m-hr-¯n-sIm­v
hbdp \nd-b v¡ p-¶ XmWv. kZm-kz-cq] [ym\-] -c-\mbn
kIe Pohn- I-tfbpw Bßm- hn-s\- t]mse Icp-Xp-¶p. GXm-
Zr-iy-\mb kw\ymkn XnI¨pw _Ô\ hnap-à\ - m-Wv.
{Inbm-I m-c I t`Z-§fpw AbmÄ Adn-b p-¶ n-Ã . Kpcp,
injy³, imkv{Xw F¶o _Ô-\-§-fm Ah\v _Ô-\-
an-Ã . XymKn- b mb Ah\v ZpxJ- a n- Ã . kmwk-cn-I -a mb
sFizcyw XyPn-¨mte kw\ym-kn¡v kpJw In«p-Ib - p-Åq.
AbmÄ Úm\-¯n\pw AÚm-\-¯n\pw AXo-X-\m-Wv.
kpJþZpxJm-Zn-IÄ Abmsf _m[n-¡n-Ã. Bßm-hn \n¶v
{]Imiw e`n¨v AbmÄ Adn-tb- ­-sXÃmw Adn- bp-¶XmWv.
kIe kn²n-Ifpw sImSp-¡m³ Ah³ kaÀ°-\m-Ip-¶p.
kÀth-i z- c\pw kÀh-i -à -\ p- a mbn `hn-¡ p¶XmWv .
AbmÄ Xs¶¯s¶ {_Ò-sa¶v IcpXpw. `K-h m³
hnjvWp-hnsâ ]c-a] - Zw B ]c-{_Òw Xs¶-bmIp¶p.
]c-{_Òw {]m]n-¡m³ Ignª-h\v kwkmc kmK-c¯ - nÂ
]Xn-t¡-­-Xmbn hcp¶pan-Ã. kqcy-N{- µ-·m-cpsS {]Im-i-
¯n\pw B[m-a¯ - n-se-¯m³ Ign-bnÃ. AhnsS F¯n-b-
h³ P\-\-ac - -W-N-{I-¯n \n¶pw hnap-à-\m-Ip-¶XmWv.
Fs´-¶m AXp Xs¶bmWv- ssIheyw ]Zw. C{]-Imcw
D]-\n-j-¯v A\p-im-kn-¡p¶p.
\mc-Z]
- c
- n- {hm-P-tIm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

1 \mcm- b - W m- Y Àin- t cm- ] - \ n- j ¯v

3

Hmw. kl-\m-h-h-Xp. kl \u `p\àp kl- Pmb-tX, \mcm-b-WmXv cpt{Zm Pmb-tX. \mcm-b-Wm-

hocyw Ic-hm-hs
- sl. tXP-kzn-\mh [oX-akvXp am Znt{µm PmbtX \mcm-b-WmXv {]Pm-]Xnx {]Pm-b-
hnZnjm hssl Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx. tX. \mcm- b- W mXv ZzmZ-i m-Z nXym cpt{Zm-h - k hx
kÀhmWn Oµmw-kn. \mcm-b-Wm-tZ-h-k-ap-X] v Z- y-t´.
]c-{_Òw Kpcp-in-jy-·m-cmb \½sf c­p-t]-scbpw
\mcm-b-WmXv {]hÀ¯-t´. \mcm-btW {]eo-b-
c£n-¡-s«. c­p t]scbpw ]cn-]m-en-¡s - «. c­p-t]cpw
t´. GXZv EtKzm-Zi - n-tcm[otX.
Hcp-a n¨p Ign- h pIÄ t\S- s «. R§-f psS A[y-b \w
tXmtPm-a-b-am-I-s«. R§Ä ]c-kv]cw hntZzjw hln-¡m- Hmw. ]pcpj kzcq-] -\mb \mcm-b-W ³ {]P-I sf
Xn-cn-¡s- «. Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx. krjvSn- ¡m-\m- {K-ln-¨p. \mcm-b-W-\nÂ\n¶pw {]mW³ D­m-
bn. FÃm C{µn-b-§fpw a\Êpw At±-l-¯n \n¶p-­m-
1. Hmw. AY-]p-cp-tjml ssh \mcm-b-tWImabX
bn. BIm-iw, hmbp, tPymXn-Êv, Pew, ]rYzn F¶o hniz-
{]Pmx krtP-tb-Xn. \mcm-b-WmXv {]mtWm-Pm-btX
[m-cnIfmb ]©-`q-X§ - Ä \mcm-b-W-\n \n¶p-Xs - ¶-bp-
a\x kÀth-{µn-bmWn N Jw hmbpÀtPym-Xn-cm]mx
­m-bn. \mcm-b-W-\nÂ\n¶p Xs¶ {_Òmhpw cp{Z\pw
]rYnho hnizmky [mcn-Wo. \mcm-b-WmXv {_Òm
N P
 535

I C{µ\pw {]Pm-]-Xnbpw ZzmZ-im-Zn-Xy-·m-cpw-G-Im-Zi cp{Z-·mcpw 4. {]Xy-Km-\µw {_Ò]p-cpjw {]Wh kzcq]wK

AjvS-h-kp-¡fpw kI-e-hn-[-¯n-epÅ Oµ-Êp-Ifpw D­m- AImc DImtcm aImc CXn. Xm At\-I[m ka-`-
bn. \mcm-b-W\
- n \n¶p Xs¶ kIXpw DZv`-hn-¡p-Ibpw h-¯-tZX tZmanXn b apàzm-ap-NytX tbmKo P·-
sN¿p-¶p. ]WvUn-X·- mÀ EtKz-Z-¯nse {][m-\-s¸« Cu kw-kmc _Ô-\mXv "Hmw \tam \mcm-b-Wm-tbXn'
AwKw A[y-b\w sN¿p-¶p. at{´m- ] m- k tIm sshIp- W v T -` p- h \w Kan- j yXn
XZnZw ]pWvU-coIw hnÚm-\-L\w Xkvam-¯U - n-
2. AY \ntXym \mcm- bWx {_Òm- \ m- c m- bWx
Zm-`-am-{Xw. {_ÒtWym tZhIo ]pt{Xm {_ÒtWym
inhÝ \mcm-bWx i{IÝ \mcm-bWx ImeÝ
a[ p - k q- Z t\ m {_ Ò ay x ] p W - U c o I mt£ m
\mcm-bWx ZniÝ \mcm-bWx hnZn-i-Ý\ - m-cm-bWx
{_ÒtWym hnjv Wp-c -N ypX CXn. kÀh-`q-X-Ø-
DuÀ[zw N \mcm-bWx A[Ý \mcm-bWx A´À
taIw ssh\m-c m-bWw ImcW ]qcp-j -a-I m-c Ww
_lnÝ \mcm-bWx \mcmbW Gth-Z w. kÀhw
]cw {_Ò Hmw. GX-Z-YÀh-in-tcm-tbm-[o-tX.
bZv `qXw b© `hyw \njvI-ft¦m \nc-RvP t\m
\nÀhn-Ievt]m \ncm-JymXx ipt²m tZh GtIm-\m- AIm-cw, DIm-cw, aImcw Ch tNÀ¶p-­mb "Hmw'
cm-btWm \ ZznXotbm kvXn IÝn-Xv. b Ghw F¶Xv B\-µ-cq-]hpw {_Ò-]p-cp-jc - q-]hpw {]W-hkz-
thZ k hnjvWp tchh `hXn b GX-Zy-ÖpÀ thZ cq]hpam-Ip-¶p. Cu HmwImc P]w sIm­v tbmKn-IÄ
intcm-[otcm. kÀhn-[a - mb kwkm-c-_Ô - -§fpw hntÑ-Zn¨p P\-\a - c
- -W-
§-fnÂ\n¶v apàn t\Sp-¶p. Hmw \tam \mcm-b-Wmb F¶
\mcm-b-W³ \nXyhpw {_Òmhpw inh-\pw i¦c\pw
at{´m-]m-k\ sN¿p-¶h - À sshIpWvT temIw {]m]n-¡p-
Ime\pw Zn¡p- Ifpw hnZn-¡p- Ifpw BIp-¶p. apIÄ `mKhpw
¶p. Cu lrZ-b-I-aew hnÚm-\-cq-]-am-Ip-¶p. CXnÂ\n¶v
Xmsg `mKhpw DÅpw ]pd-sabpw FÃmw \mcm-b-W-\m-Ip-
hnZyp-X{v ]-`m-]q-c-ap-­m-Ip-¶p. CXn-s\-¯-s¶-bmWv tZhIo
¶p. P\n-¨Xpw taem P\n-¡m³ t]mIp-¶Xpw FÃmw
]p{X-s\¶pw a[p-kq-Z-\-s\¶pw ]pWvU-co-Im-£-s\¶pw
\mcm-b-W³ Xs¶bm-Ip-¶p. Cu \mcm-b-W-\-ÃmsX c­m-
hnjvWp-sh¶pw ANyp-X-s\¶pw ]dbp¶-Xv. kIe Pohn-
a-sXm-¶n-Ã. C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-¶-h³ hnjvWp-kz-cq-]\ - m-
I-fnepw Cu \mcm-b-W³ Xs¶ Xs¶ hkn-¡p-¶ p.
bn-¯o-cp-¶p. bÖpÀth-tZm-à-amb Cu t{ijvT-XX - zs¯
At±lw Imc-W-]p-cp-j-\m-sW-¦nepw Imc-W-c-ln-X\ - m-W.v
Adn-hp-Å-hÀ A[y-b\w sN¿p-¶p.
Ct±lw Xs¶ ]c-{_Òw; AYÀh intcm-`m-K-amb Cu
3. Hman Xyt{K hyml-tcXv \a CXn ]ÝmXv \mcm- a{´w Adn-hp-Å-hÀ A[y-b\w sN¿p-¶p.
b-Wm-tbXyp ]cn-jvSmXv Hman-tXy-Im-£cw \a CXn
5. {]mX-c -[n-b-amt\m cm{Xn IrXw ]m]w \mi-b-
tZz A£tc \mcm-b-Wm-tbXn þ ]©m-£ -cmWn
Xn. kmb-a-[o-bmt\m Znh-k-IrXw ]m]w \mi-bXn.
GXssZz \mcm-b-W-kym-jvSm-£cw ]Zw tbm l
XXv kmbw {]mX-c-[o-b-amtWm A]mt]m `h-Xn.
ssh \mcm-bW kymjvSm-£cw ]Z-a-t[yXn A\-]-
a[yw Zn\-am-Zn-XymZn aptJm A[o-bm\x ]©-a-lm-
{_phx kÀh- a m- b qtc Xn hnµtX {]mPm-] Xyw
]mX tIm]-]m-X-ImXv {]ap-Ny-tX. kÀh-th-Z-]m-cm-
cmbkvt ]mjw Ku]Xyw XtXmarXya-i v\ ptX
bW ]pWyw e`-t X. \mcm-b W kmbq-P y- a - h m-
XtXmarXXz aiv \ pX CXn GXXv kma- thZ
]vt\mXn b Ghw thZ.
intcm [otcm.
Cu a{´w {]`m-X-¯n P]n-¨m cm{Xn-bn sNbvX
BZyw "Hmw' F¶pw ]ns¶ "\a' F¶pw D¨-cn-¡-
kIe ]m]-§fpw \in-¨p-t]mIpw. kÔym Ime¯v P]n-
Ww. Hm¦m-c-¯n Hcp A£-chpw \ax F¶Xn c­-
¨m ]I sNbvX ]m]w apgp-h\pw \in-¡p-¶p. a[ym-
£-chpw \mcm-b-Wm-tbXn F¶-Xn A©-£-chpw D­v.
Ó-k-ab - ¯v kqcy\v A`n-ap-J-ambn \n¶p-sIm­v Cu
C§s\ AXv \mcm-b-Wsâ AjvSm-£-c-a{- ´-am-bn-¯o-cp-
a{´w P]n-¨m ]©-a-lm-]m-XI - -§fpw D]-]m-X-I§
- fpw
¶p. Cu a{´w P]n-¨m a\p-jy³ AIme ac-W¯ - nÂ
\in-¡p-¶p. Ah\v kI-e-th-Z-§fpw A[y-b\w sNbvXm-
\n¶pw c£-{]m-]n¨v ]qÀ®m-bpÊv A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p. Ah\v
epÅ ^ew e`n-¡p-¶p. Ah\v {io\m-cm-b-Wsâ kmbq-
kÀh-hn[ [\-§fpw ssIh-cp-¶p. Ah-km\w Ah³ Aar-
Py-am-Ip¶ apàn e`n-¡p-¶p. A§s\ {io\m-cm-b-Wsâ
Xs¯ A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p. kma-th-Z-¯nse AXn-{]-[m-\-amb
km£m-XvImcw e`n-¡p-¶p.
Cu a{´w P\-§Ä ]Tn-¡p-¶p.
\mcm-b-Wm-Y Àh-in-tcm-]\
- n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

Q
N P
 536

I K
1 \ncm-e-t¼m-]-\n-j¯v 3
im´n-]mTw _Ôx. tIm tam£x Ix D]mkyx I injymx.
Hmw ]qÀ®-aZx ]qÀ®-anZw ]qÀ®mXv ]qÀ®- tIm hnZzm³ tIm aqUx. Inam-kpcw In X]x
ap-Z-NytX ]q˨ky ]q˨-am-Zmb ]q˨-ta-hmh In ]caw ]Zw.
injy-tX. Inw {Kmlyw. Ina-{Km-lyw. Ix k\ymko
Cu ]c-{_Òw ]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶p. Cu PK¯pw ]qÀ®- Xymi-¦yml {_tÒ-Xn.
am-Ip-¶p. Cu ]qÀ® {_Ò-¯n \n¶p-amWv Cu ]qÀ® {_Ò-sa-¶m-se´v? Cuiz-c³ Bcv? Poh³ F´v?
{]]©w D­m-bn-«p-Å-Xv. Cu ]qÀ®-{_-Ò-¯n \n¶pw {]IrXn F´mWv? ]c- am-ßm- sh-´mWv? {_Òmhv BcmWv?
]qÀ®-{]]©sa-Sp-¯mepw ]qÀ®-{_Òw Xs¶ Ah-ti- hnjvWp BcmWv? cp{Z³ BcmWv? C{µ³ Bcv? N{µ³
jn-¡p-¶p. Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx Bcv? kqcy³ Bcv? Akp-c-·mÀ Bcv? ]nim-Np-¡Ä Bcv?
1. Hmw. \a-Èn-hmb Kpcth k¨n-Zm-\µ aqÀ¯tb a\p-j yÀ Bcv? kv{XoIÄ Bcv? arKm-Z n-I Ä F´v?
\njv{]-]-©mb im´m-b-\c - m-ew-_mb tXPtk Ømhcw F´v? {_mÒ-Wm- Zn- IÄ Bcv? PmXn F¶m-se´v?
2. \ncm-ew_w kam-{inXy kmew_w hnP-lm-Xnbx IÀ½-sa´v? AIÀ½-s a´v? Úm\-sa´v? AÚm-\-
sa´v? kpJ-sa´v? ZpxJ-sa´v? kzÀK-taXv? \c-I-taXv?
k k\ymko N tbmKo N ssIheyw
F¶-XmWv _Ôptam£sa-¶Xv? D]m-k-\m-tbm-Ky-\m-bn-
]Z-aiv\p tX.
«p-Å-Xmcv? BcmWv injy³? BcmWv hnZzm³? BcmWv
inh\pw Kpcphpw k¨n-Zm-\-µ-aqÀ¯nbpw {]]-©-c-ln- aqV³? Bkp-c-amb sX´v? F´mWv X]Êv? F´mWv
X\pw im´\pw BNm-cy-c-ln-X\pw tXtPm-ab\pamb ]c- ]c-a-] Zw? F´mWv {Kmlyw? F´mWv A{Kmlyw?
am- ßm-hn\v \a-kvIm-cw. \ncm-ew- _-amb ]c-a-X-Xzs¯ B{i- BcmWv kw\ymkn? CsXÃmw {_Ò-¯nsâ cq]-§-fm-sW-
bn¨v kmew-_-amb {]]-©s¯ Dt]-£n-¡p-¶-h³ BWv ¶-dnªv ]d-ªp.
k\ym-kn. Ah³ Xs¶ tbmKn. Ah³ tam£w {]m]n-
5. k tlmhmN al-Z-l-¦mc ]rYn-hy]v tXtPm-hm-
¡p- ¶p.
bzm-I m-i-tXz\ _rl-Zvc q-t]W AWvU -tIm-ti\
3. Gjm aÚm\ P´q-\mw-k-a-kvXm- IÀ½-Úm-\mÀ° cq]-Xbm `mk-am-\a - Zzn Xob-a-
cnjvS im´tb Jn-tem-] m[n hn\nÀapàw XXv kI-e-i àyp ]
bZyZv t_m[-hy-a-Jnew XZm-i¦y {_ho-aylw _rwlnXw A\m- Z y- \ ´w ip²w inhw im´w
AÚm-\n-If - mb Pohn-I-fpsS kÀh-Zpx-J-§fpw ian-
\nÀKp-W -a n-X ymZn hmNy-h -\ nÀhmNyw ssNX\yw
¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\mbn GsXm-¶mtWm Adn-tb-­Xv AsXÃmw {_Ò Cuizc CXnN {_ssÒh kz iànw {]-
Rm³ Nn´n¨v ChnsS ]d-bp-¶p. Ir-Xy-`n-t[-bm-am-{inXy temIm³ krjvSzm {]hn-iym-
´-cym-an-tXz\ {_Òm-Zo\mw _p²o-{µnb \nb-{´r-
4. Inw {_Ò Ix Cuizcx tIm Pohx Im{]-IrXnx X zm- Z o- i z- c . P oh CXn N. {_ Ò
Ix ]c-amßm tIm {_Òm. tIm hnjvWpx hnjv W oimt\{µmZo\mw \ma-c q-] -Z zmcm Øqtem
tImx cp{Zx lanXm anYym [ ymk- h - i m- Ö ohx tkml
I C{µx. Ix ia\x Ix kqcymx. IÝ-{µx. tatIm]n tZlm-cw-`I t`Z-hi - mZv _lp-Po-hx-{]-Ir-
tIkp-cmx. Xn-cn-XnN {_ÒWx kIm-im-¶m\m hnNn{X PK-
tI Akp-cmx. tI ]nimNmx tI a\p-jymx. ¶nÀ½mW kmaÀ°y _p²n-cq]m {_Ò iàn-tc-
Imx kv{Xobx. h-{]-IrXnx ]c-am-tßXn N tZlmtZx ]c-X-cX - zmZv
{_ssÒh ]c-amßm k {_Òm k hnjvWpx k
I ]izm-Zb - x. Inw Ømh-cw. tI {_mÒ-Wm-Zbx
C {µ x k i a\ x k x k qc y mx k N {µ k vtX
tIm PmXnx. Inw IÀ½, Ina-IÀ½. Inw Úm\w.
kpcmkvt X Akp-c mkv t X ]nim- N mkv tX a\p-
Inw Úm\w.
j y mk vX mx k v{X obk vtX ] i zm- Z b k vX X v
Inw kpJw Inw ZpxJw. Ix kzÀ¤x. tIm Ømhcw tX {_mÒ-Wm-Zbx kÀhw JeznZw {_Ò
\c-Ix. tIm t\l-\m\m kvXn In©-\.

N P
 537

I At±lw ]dªp: ""al-¯-Xzw, Al-¦m-cw, ]rYzn, N AkXv kwkmc hnjb P\-k w-k À¤ Gh K
Pew, hmbp, Aán, hmbp, BImiw F¶n-h-bpsS cq]- \cIx _Ô CXn N A\mXy hnZym hmk-\bm
¯nepw AtX {]Imcw {_Òm-WvU-cq-]-¯nepw IÀ½- PmtXm Al-an-XymZn k¦evt]m _Ôx ]nXr-amXr
Úm-\mÀ° cq]-§-fnepw {]Im-in-¨n-cp-¶n«pw kÀthm-]m-ktlm- Z c Zmcm- ] Xy Krlm- c ma t£{X aaXm
[n-c-ln-Xhpw AZzn-Xo-bhpw kÀh-ià
- n-a¯pw BZy-´-c- kwkmcm hc-W-k-¦evt]m _Ôx IÀ¯r-Xzm-Zylw
c-ln-Xhpw ip²hpw im´hpw \nÀKp-Whpw AhÀ®-\o- Imc- k -¦ evt ]m _Ôx AWn- a m- Z y- j vs sS- i zcym
b-hp-amb ssNX-\y-s¯-bmWv ]c-{_-Ò-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶-X.vimkn² k¦ev t]m _Ôx tZh-a -\ p-j ym-Z yp-] m-
Cuiz-csâ cq]-am-sW-¦nÂþ Cu ]c-{_Òw Xs¶ k\m Ima-k-¦evt]m _Ôx bam-Zy-jvSmwK tbmK
Xsâ {]IrXn F¶p t]cpÅ iànsb B{i-b n¨v k¦evt ]m _Ôx hÀ®m-{ia [À½ k¦evt]m
temI§Ä krjvSn¡p-Ibpw A´-cym-an-bmbn Ah-bn _Ôx BÚm-`b kwi-b mß KpW-k-¦ evt]m
{]th-in¨v {_ÒmZn Pohn-I-fpsS _p²n C{µnbw XpS-§n- _Ôx bmK-{h-X-X-t]m-Zm\ hn[n hn[m-\-Úm\m
b-hsb \nb-{´n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. At¸m-gmWv AXv km`thm _Ôx tIhe tam£m-t]£ k¦evt]m
Cuiz-c-s\¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶-X.v Cu ssNX-\ys¯ {_Òmhv _Ôx k¦-ev]a - m{X kw`thm _Ôx tam£ CXn
hnjvWp, i¦-c³, C{µ³ F¶o \mep cq]-§Ä aptJ\ N \nXym- \ nXyhkv Xp hnNm-cm-Z\
- nXy kwkm-ck - pJ
""Rm³ Øqe-amWv'' F¶ anYysb tZlm-`n-am\w P\n- ZpxJ hnj- b - k - a - k vX - t £{X aa _Ô- £ tbm
¡pt¼mÄ AXv Poh³ F¶v ]d- b- s¸-Sp-¶p. Cu ssNX\yw tam£x
""B {_Òw Rm³ Xs¶'' F¶ cq]-¯n GI-Xzs¯
PmXn F¶Xv sXmen- bp- sStbm cà- ¯n- sâtbm amwk-
A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p. F¦nepw hn`n-¶-i-co-c-§-fm AXv Poh-
¯n-sâtbm AØn-I-fp-sStbm Bßm-hn-sâtbm AÃ. AXv
cq-]a
- m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. At\I Xc-¯n-epÅ hnNn-{X-tem-I-
tIhew k¦-ev]-am-W.v IÀ½-¯nsâ AÀ°w C{µn-b-§Ä
§sf krjvSn-¡m³ Ign-hp-Å-XmWv {]Ir-Xn. {_Ò-¯nsâ
sN¿p¶ {Inb-IÄ F¶m-Ip-¶p. ""Rm³ sN¿p¶p'' F¶v
_p²n-i-àn-bmWv {]Ir-Xn-sb¶v ]d-bs - ¸-Sp-¶-Xv. tZlm-Zn-
A[ym-ß-\n- jvT-tbmsS sN¿p¶ {]hr-¯nsb am{Xta IÀ½-
IÄ¡-Xo-X-amb {_Òw Xs¶-bm-Wv. ]c-am-ßmhv {_Òw
sa¶v ]d-bm³ km[n-¡q. IÀ¯rXz t`màrXz P\y-amb
Xs¶. {_Òm-hv, hnjvWp, C{µ³, ba³, kqcy³, N{µ³,
A`n-a m\w sIm­v C§s\ \nXy-ss\-a n-¯ n-I -§fpw
tZh³, Akp-c³, ]nim-N,v a\p-jy³, kv{Xo, ]pcp-j³,
bÚw {hXw X]Êv Zm\w F¶n-h-bn ^em- t]£tbmsS
arKw F¶n-h-bpsS cq]-§-fn {]I-S-am-Ip-¶-X.v CXp Xs¶-
sN¿-s¸-Sp¶ IÀ½-§fpw AIÀ½w F¶v Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.
bmWv Ømhcw {_mÒ- Wm- Zn- Ifpw kI- e-temI- §fpw {_Òw
Úm\s¯ kw_-Ôn-¨m-sW-¦nÂ, krjvSn-bpsS FÃm
Xs¶. {_Ò-¯n \n¶pw `n¶-ambn bmsXm-¶p-an-Ã.
]cn-hÀ¯- \m-ß- I-§-fmb hkvXp-¡- fnepw Hmtcm ssNX\y
6. PmXn- c n- X n- N , \ NÀ½tWm \ càky \ XXzw ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p-­v. asäm-¶p-a-Ã. {`jvSm-hnsâ cq]-
amwkky \ NmØn\x PmXn-cm-ßt\m PmXnÀ hyh- ambpw Zriy-cq-]-ambpw Ccn-¡p-¶Xv AXp-X-s¶-bm-W.v Cu
lmc {]I-e v] n-X m, IÀt½Xn N {Inbm-am-tW-{µn- ssNX\yw CXv kI-e-cp-sSbpw DÅn hkn-¡p-¶p. kI-
ssbx, IÀ½m-W y- l w, Itcm-a o-X y-[ ymß \njvT e-Xnepw kam-\a - m-Wn-Xv. hnIm-cc
- -ln-Xh- p-am-Wv. F¦nepw
Xbm IrXw IÀss½h IÀ½x AIÀt½Xn N IpSw XpWn XpS-§nb ]e cq]-¯nepw AXv ]cn-hÀ¯n-
IÀ¯rXz t`màrXzm Zylw-Im-c-Xbm _Ô-cq]w X-am-bn- cn-¡p-¶p. C§s\ km£m-XI v m-c-apÅ A\p-`- hs¯
P·mZn ImcWw \nXy-ss\-an-¯nI bmK-{hX Xt]m- Úm\w F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Cu A\p-`hw tZtl-{µn-bm-Zn-
Zm-\m-Znjw ^em`n kÔm\w b¯ ZIÀ½. Úm\- Isf \nb-{´n-¡p-¶X - p-sIm­pw AtXm-sSm¸w Xs¶ Kpcp-
anXn N tZtl-{µnb \n{Kl kvXZv Kp cq]m-k\ hnsâ D]m-k-\, {ih-Ww, a\-\w, \nZn-[ym-k\w F¶n-h-
{ihW a\\ \nZn-[ ymk ss\cy-ZyZv ZrKv Zriy
bmepw kw`-hn-¡p-¶p. AÚm-\s¯ kw_-Ôn-¨m-sW-
kzcq]w kÀhm-´ - c Øw kÀhkaw LS-] -SmZn
¦n Ib-dn kÀ¸-am-sW\v sXän-²m-cW D­m-Ip-¶-Xp-
]ZmÀ°-an-hm-hn-Imcw hnIm-tcjp ssNX\yw hn\m-
t]mse kI-e-Xnepw tImÀ¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw kÀh-cq-
In-©n-¶m-kvXoXn km£m-XvIm-cm-\p-`thm Úm\w
]hpw GI-am-{X-hp-amb {_Ò-¯n tZh³, ]£n, arKw,
AÚm-\-anXn N cÖu kÀ¸-{`m´n cnhm ZznXotb
a\p-jy³, Ømh-cw, kv{Xo, ]pcp-j³, hÀ®w, B{i-aw,
kÀhm-\p-kyqtX kÀh-atb {_ÒWn tZh-Xn-cyMv
_Ôw, tam£w XpS-§nb \nc-h[n D]m-[n-I-tfmSp IqSnb
\c-Ø m-h c kv{Xo]p-c pj hÀ®m-{ia _Ôtam
A\mß hkvXp-¡Ä¡v t`Z-ap-s­¶v k¦-ev]n-¡p-¶-XmWv
t£m]m[n \m\mß t`Z- I - e v ] nXw Ú m\- a -
AÚm-\w.
Ú m\ w kp J- a nX n N k¨ n- Z m- \ µ k zc q] w
ÚmXzm \µ-cq-]bm ØnXn. sskh-kpJw ZpxJ- kpJ-¯nsâ \nÀh-N-\wþ k¨n-Zm-\-µm-ß-I-amb ]c-
anXn A\m-ßc - qt]m hnjb k¦ev] Gh ZpxJw am-ßm-hnsâ kzcq-]-a-dnªv B\-µm-ß-I-amb GsXm-c-h-
kzÀ¤ CXn N kXv kwkÀ¤x kzÀ¤x \cI CXn Ø-bmtWm ssIh-cp-¶Xv AXmWv kpJw.

N P
 538
I kzÀ¤w-þ-D-¯-a·
- m-cpsS kam-Kaw Xs¶-bmWv kzÀ¤w.
\c-Iw-þ-A-k-Xy-t¯mSpw kmwkm-cn-I-hn-j-b-§-tfmSpw
kwkm-c-_- ²-cmb P\-§-tfm- Sp- apÅ kwkÀ¤w Xs¶- bmWv
\c-Iw.
_Ôwþ A\m-Zn-bmb AÚm\ hmk-\-bm ""Rm³ j-X v.
P\n-¡p¶p'' ""Rm³ acn-¡p¶p'' XpS§nb Nn´-IÄ D­m-
Ip-¶Xp Xs¶-bmWv _Ô-\w. A½, Aѳ, ktlm-Z-
c³, `mcy, aI³, hoSv, tXm«w, t£{Xw XpS-§n-bh Fsâ-
Xm-sW-¶pÅ kmwkm-cn-Im-h-cW _²-amb Nn´-Ifpw
_Ô\w Xs¶. AWn-am-Zn-I-fmb AjvssS-iz-cy-§Ä t\S-
W-sa¶ B{K-lhpw AXnsâ k¦-e] v hpw _Ô-\-am-Ip-
¶p. baw, \nbaw F¶o AjvSmw-K-bp-à-amb tbmK-k-¦-
ev]hpw _Ô\w Xs¶. hÀ®m-{ia [À½ k¦-ev]hpw
_Ô-\-a-s{X. BÚ-`-bw, kwibw F¶n-h-bpsS k¦-
ev]hpw bÚw, {hXw, X]-Êv, Zm\w hn[n-hn-[m-\-§Ä
Ch-sbm-s¡-¯s¶ _Ô-\-am-Ip-¶p. AXp-t]mse Xs¶
tIhew tam£s¯¯s¶ Nn´n-¡p-I-bm-sW-¶p-ÅXpw
_Ô\w Xs¶. tam£w þ \nXym-\nXy hkvXp-¡-sf-¸-än-
bpÅ Nn´-bm {]]-©-¯nse A\n-Xyhpw kpJ-Zpx-Jm-
ß-I-hp- amb FÃm hnj- b-§- fn \n¶pw aa- X-bm- Ip¶ _Ô-
\-¯n\p \miw kw`-hn-¡p-I-bmWv tam£-sa¶v ]d-bmw.
7. D]mky CXn N kÀh ico-cØ ssNX\y {_Ò
{]m]tIm Kpcp-cp-]mkyx injy CXn N hnZym-[zkvX
{]]-©m-h -K m-l nX Úm\m-h-i njvSw {_ssÒh
injyx hnZzm-\nXn N kÀhm-´-cØ - -kzkw hn{Zq]
hnZzn-hn-Zzm³, aqV CXn N IÀ¯r XzmZy lwImc
`mhm-cqtVm aqVx Bkp-c-anXn N {_Ò hnjvWzo-
im-t\-{µm-Zo\m ssaizcy Ima-\-bm-\n-ci
- \ Q]mán
tlm{Xn `njz-´ -cm-ßm\w k´m-]b - Xn NmXyp{K
cmK-tZzj hnlnwkm Zw`m-Zy-t]-£nXw X] Bkp-
cw. X] CXn N {_Ò kXyw PK- · n- t YyXy
]tcm£ Úm\m-á n\m {_ÒmssZy izcym im
kn² k¦ev] _oP kvXm]w X]x ]caw ]Z-anXn
N {]mtW-{µn-bm-Zy-´x Ica KpWmtZx ]c-Xcw k¨n-
Zm-\µ abw \nXy-apà {_Ò-Øm\w ]caw ]Zw
{Kmly-anXn N tZi-Ime hkvXp ]cn-tÑZ cmlnXy
Nn·m{X kzcq]w {Kmlyw A{Km-ly-anXn N kz
kzcq] hyXn-cnà ambm-ab _p²n-{µnb tKmNc
PKXv kXy Xz Nn´-\a - -{Kmlyw kw\ymkoXn N
kÀh-[À½m³ ]cn-XyPy \nÀ½tam \nwl-MA - -Imc
`qXzm {_tÒjvSw ic-a p-] -K ay XXz-a -kn, Alw
{_Òm- k v a n, kÀhw Jev h nZw {_Ò t\l- \ m-
\mkvXn In©\ CXymZn alm-hm-IymÀ°m\p `h-
Úm-\mXv {_ssÒ hml-a-kvaoXn \nÝn-Xy-\nÀhn-
I e v] k am- [ nX m k zX t{´ m bX n- Ý - c X n
Q
N P
kw\ymko kapàx kx ]qPyx ktbmKo k]-ca - w- K
ltkm Ah-[qXx k {_mÒW CXn. CZw \ncm-
ew-t _m-] -\ n-j Zw tbm[otX KpÀh\p {KlXw
tkmán ]qtXm `hXn k hmbp ]qtXm `hXn k
\ ]p\-cm-hÀ¯tX ]p\À\m`n PmbX CXyp-]\ - n-
D]m-kym-Zn-I-fpsS \nÀh-N\w D]m-ky³ þ D]m-kn-¡p-
hm³ tbmKy-amb GI-hk - vXp-hns\ kI-e-ic
- o-c-§-fnepw
DÄs¡m-Åp¶ ssNX-\y-kz-cq-]-amb {_Òs¯ {]m]n-
¡m³ klm-bn-¡p¶ Kpcp-hmWv D]m-ky³.
inj y³ þ Ú m\w e`n¨v k wk m- c - a m- I p¶
AÚm\w \in¨v AKm-[Ú- m-\-cq-]-¯n Ah-ti-jn-
¡p¶ {_Òw GsXm-¶mtWm AXmWv injy³.
hnZzm³þ kÀhm-´c - ym-an-bmb Bßm-hnsâ Úm\-
kz- cq-]- a-dn- bp-¶-h-\mWv hnZzm³. aqV³þ IÀ¯r-XzmZn Al-
¦mc`mh-¯n Bcq-V-\m-b -h-\mWv aqV³. Bkp-cnþ
{_Òmhv hnjvWp atl-iz-c³ F¶n-h-cpsS sFizcyw e`n-
¡-Ws - a¶ taml-¯m D]-hm-kw, P]w, Aán-tlm{Xw
F¶n-h-bm A´-cm-ßm- hns\ ZpxJn- ¸n-¡p-Ibpw cmK-tZzj
lnwkm Zw`mZn ZpÀKp-W-§-tfmsS X]-Ê-\p-jvTn-¡p-Ibpw
sN¿p-¶-hmWv Bkp-cn. X]w þ ""{_Ò-amWv kXyw, PK¯v
anYy-bmWv'' F¶ Úm\-¯m {_Òm-Zn-If - psS sFiz-
cyw t\S-Ws - a-¶pÅ k¦ev]w \in-¸n-¡p-¶-XmWv X]w.
]c- a-]-Zwþ {]mW³, C{µn-bw, a\Êv F¶n- h-bn \ns¶Ãmw
`n¶hpw k¨n-Zm-\µ - k- z-cq-]hpw \nXy-ap-àh - p-amb {_Ò-
Øm-\-amWv ]c-a-]-Zw, {Kmlyw, tZiw, Imew, hkvXp Ch-
bpsS ]cn-tÑ-Z-cl - n-Xa- mb Nn·m-{X-kz-cq-]-amWv {Kmlyw;
A{Km-lywþ Bß-kz-cq- ]-¯n \n¶pw `n¶-amb amb-bmÂ
k¦-ev]n-Xhpw _p²n, C{µnbw XpS-§n-bh hnj-b-cq-]-
amb {]]-©s¯ kXy-sa¶v Icp-Xp-¶X - pw, kw\ymkn þ
FÃm [À½-§-tfm-Sp-sam¸w Al-¦m-cw, aaX F¶nh
shSnªp {_Òs¯ icWw {]m]n-¡p-Ibpw "XXz-akn'
"Alw{_Òmkv a n' kÀhw Jevh nZw {_Ò-t \-l \m
\mkvXn In©\ F¶o alm-XzmIr NXp-jvS-b-§Ä aptJ\
\nÀhn-Iev] kam-[n-bn Ah-Øn-X-\m-Ip-Ibpw kz´-X-
{´-\mb bXn-sb-t¸mse s]cp-am-dp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶-h\ - mWv
kw\ym-kn. Ah³ Xs¶-bmWv apà³. Ah³ Xs¶
tbmKn. Ah³ Xs¶ ]c-al - w-k\pw Ah-[q-X\pw {_Ò-
Úm-\n-bpw.
Cu \ncm-ew-t_m-]-\n-j¯p Kpcp-Ir-]-bm A[y-
b\w sN¿p-¶h - ³ Aán-sb-t]m-sebpw hmbp-hn-s\-t¸m-
sebpw ]cn-ip-²\- m-bn-¯o-cp¶p. Ah³ ho­pw {]]-©-
¯n hcp-¶n-Ã. Ah\v ]p\-cm-hÀ¯-\a - n-Ã. F¶v D]-\n-
j¯v A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.
\ncm-e w-t_m-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
 539

I K
1 \nÀhm-tWm-]-\n-j¯v 3
Hmw hmMv ta a\kn {]Xn-jvT nXm at\m ta ZzZ-i m- Z n-X y-· msc AhÀ ImWp-¶ p. AhÀ hnthIw
hmNn {]Xn-jvTn-Xa
- m-hn-cm-hn³ a G[n thZky h ]peÀ¯p-¶p. Ah-cpsS Ifn-IÄ Icp-Wa - m{Xw Ah-cpsS
BWoØmx {ipXw ta am {]lm-k o- c -t \- \ m[n k` GIm-´-Xb - n DNn-X-amb Bk\w cNn-¨n-cn-¡p-I-bm-
tX\m tlmcm-{Xm-Õw-Z-[m-an. EXw hZn-jy-man, kXyw Wv. kzbw ]mIw sN¿msX `n£-bnÂ\n¶pw In«p-¶Xv
hZn-jyman X·m-a-hXp XZz-àm-ca - -hXp AhXp amw `£n-¡p-¶p. lwks¯t¸mse-bmWv IÀ½w. kI-e-{]m-
AhXp hàmcw Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx Wn-I-fp-sSbpw DÅnse Bßmhp Xs¶ lwkw. ss[cy-
amWv Ah-cpsS DSp-Xp-Wn-bmb PoÀ®-hk - v{Xw. Iu]o\w
Fsâ hm¡v a\-Ên kvYnc-am-bn-cn-¡tW. a\Êv
sIm­v Xr]vXn-s¸-Sp-¶p. Nn´bpw ZÞ-hpw] ]mZp-Ibpw
hm¡n Ønc-am-bn-cn-¡tW. kzbw {]Im-im-ßm-th,
{_Ò- ZÀi\w tbmK-]«w Ch-bp-amWv k¼-¯v. AhÀ sNcn-
A§p Fsâ ap¶n {]Xy-£-am-I-tW. hmMv a\-Êp-Isf
¸p-ame t]mse \nÊm-c-ambn Icp-Xp-¶p. ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ
\n§Ä c­p-t]cpw Fsâ thZ-Úm-\¯ - n-\m-[m-ca - m-Wv.
CÑ-bmWv Ah-cpsS BN-c-Ww. Ah-cpsS _Ôw IpÞ-
AXn-\m Fsâ thZm-[y-b-\s¯ \in-¸n-¡c - p-Xv. Fsâ
en-\n-bm-Wv. ]c-\n-µm-c-ln-X\ - mb tbmKn Poh-·p-à-\m-bn-
Zn\-cm-{X-§Ä Cu thZm`ym-k-¯n Nne-hg- n¡s¸Sp-¶p.
¯o-cp-¶p. ]cm-Xv]-c-\p-am-bpÅ kmbq-Py-amWv \n{Z. Ah³
Rm³ am\-kn-I-ambpw hmNn-I- ambpw kXyw ]d-bmw. Fs¶
tJN-co-ap{Z hln-¡p-¶p. ]c-am-\µ ]qÀ®-\m-W-h³.
c£n-¡p-I. hàm-hns\ c£n-¡p-I. Hmw im´n im´n
im´n 2. \nÀ¤-X-Kp-W-{Xbw hnth-Ie - `yw at\m-hm-Kt- Km-
Ncw A\nXyw PK-Ö -\nXw kz]v\P - -K-`-{Z-K-P m-Zn-
1. AY \nÀhm-tWm-]\ - n-jZw hymJym-kymax ]c-a-
Xpeyw XYm tZlm-Zn-kw-LmXw taml-Kp-W-Pm-eI - -
lwtkm lw ]cn-{hm-PImx ]Ýn-a-e nwKmx a·-Y-
enXw X{Z-Öp-kÀ¸-hXv Iev]nXw hnjvWp-hn-[ym-
t£-{X-]memx KK-\k - n-²m´x Aar-XI - tÃm e\Zo
Zn-i-Xm-`n-[m-\-e£yw A¦ptim amÀ¤x iq\yw \
A£bw \nc-RvP\w \nÊw-ib Ejnx \nÀhmtWm
kt¦Xx ]c-ta-izc k¯m kXy-kn-²-tbmKm aTx,
tZhXm \njvIe {]hr¯nx \njvtI-h-eÚ - m\w
Aa- c - ] Zw XZv k z- c q]w BZn- { _- Ò kz kwhnXv
DuÀ[zm-a v\ mbx \ncm-e w-_ -]oTx kwtbm-K -Z o£m
AP]m Kmb{Xo hnIm-c-Z-tÞm-t[ybx, at\m-\n-tcm-
hntbm-K] - t- Zix Zo£m-kt- ´m-j-]m\w N ZzmZ-im-Zn-
[n\n IÙm tbmtK\ kZm \µkzcq]ZÀi-\w, B\-
Xym-h-tem-I\w hnth-I -c £m Icp-ssWh tIfnx
µ-`n-£ mio alm-iva -im-t\-]ym-\-µx, ht\ hmkx,
B\-µ-amem GIm´ Kplmbmw apàm-k-\-kpJ
GIm-´-Ø m\w B\-µ-aT D·-\y-h-Øm, imc-Zm-
tKmjvTo AI-ev]nX Zn£mio lwkm-Nmcx kÀh-
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IpÞ-en-\n-_Ôx ]cm-h-]-hm-Z-aptàm Poh-·pàx
X-kZ- m-\tµm tZhXm \nbamx kzm´-cn-{µn-b-\n-{Klx
inh-tbmK \n{Zm NtJ-Nc - o-ap{Zm N ]c-am-\µn
`b-tam-lt- im-I-t{Im[ kvXymKx ]cm-h-ssc-Iy-c-kzm-
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Rm³ ]c-a-lw-k-\m-Wv. ]cn-{hm-P-I- ·mÀ ]Ýn-a-enw-K-t¯mSp {_Ò-XtXz inh iàn k¼p-SnX {]]-©t - O-Z\w
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\nÀ½-e-am-Wv. Bß-cq-]-am-Ip-¶p. Ah-cpsS \Zn A£- X·bm inJm Nn·bw tNmXv k rjv S n ZÞw
bhpw \nÀte-]-hp-am-W.v \nÊw-i-b-amb Bßm-hmWv Ah- k´Xm£n Ia-Þepw IÀ½-\nÀ½q-e\w IÙm.
cpsS kzcq-]w. kwi-b-c-ln-X-amb Bßm-hmWv Ah-cpsS ambm-a-a-Xm-l-¦mc Zl\w ivaimt\ A\m-lX - mwKn
hµy-\ mb Ejn \nÀhmWw Xs¶ Ah-cpsS tZh³. \nkvss{X-Kp-Wy-kz-cq-]m-\p-k-Ôm\w ka-bx-{`m´n
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Xn-¡p-th-­n-bmWv Ah-cpsS A`ym-kw. Ah-cpsS Bk\w ]o\ Nocm-Pn-\-hmkx A\m-lX a{´ A{In-ssbh
B{i-b-c-ln-X-am-Wv. ]c-am-ßm-hp-am-b pÅ kmbq-Py-amWv PpjvS w tkzÑm-N mc kzkz-` mthm tam£x ]cw
Ah-cpsS Zo£. kwkm-c-tam-N\ - a
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N P
 540

I kÀh-kw-hn-\ymkw kw\ymkw At´-{_-Òm-J- kzm-Z- \w. XmcI {_tlm- a-]- tZiw sN¿p-¶p. AssZzX kZm-
K
Þm-I mcw \nXyw kÀh-k w- tZ- l -\ m-i -\ w. GX- µ-\mWv Ah-cpsS tZh³. C{µnb \n{K-l-amWv \nb-aw.
¶nÀhm-W-ZÀi\w injyw ]p{Xw hn\m \ tZbw `b-tam-lm-Zn-I-fpsS XymK-amWv e£yw. A\n-bm-a-I-Xz-amWv
CXyp-]-\ n-j- Xv. \nÀ½-e-i-àn. kzbw {]Im-ia - mb {_Ò-XX - z-¯n inh-
i-àn-bm kv^pSn-Xa - mb {]]-©s¯ AhÀ tOZn-¡p-
{XnKp-W-c-ln-Xhpw hnth-I-e-`y-hp-amWv {_Òw AXv
¶p. C{µnb ZÀi-\-amWv Ia-Þ-ep, `mhm-`m-hs¯ `kvao-
at\m-hm-Kt- Km-N-c-amWv AXn P\n-¨n-«p-Å-h³ kz]v\-{]-
I-cn-¡m³ BIm-ia - m-Ip¶ B[mcw [cn-¡p-¶p. Xpco-b-
]©w t]msebpw BImi KPs¯ t]msebpw anYy-bm-
{_-Ò-amWv btÚm-]-ho-Xw. AXp Xs¶ inJ. {]]-©-
Wv. AXp-t]mse Cu tZlm-Zn-IÄ taml-Kp-W-bp-à-am-Ip-
Xym-Ka - m-Wv. ZÞw, {_Ò-ZÀi-\a - mWv Ia-Þ-ep. IÀ½
¶p. CsXÃmw IbÀ I­v ]m¼m-sW¶p sXän-²-cn-¡p-¶-
\nÀ½q-e-\a - mWv IÙ, amb, aa-X, Al-¦mcw F¶n-hsb
Xp-t]mse anYy-bm-Wv. hnjvWp, {_Òmhp XpS-§nb At\-
`kvao-I-cn-¡m³ ivaim-\-¯n Xpd¶ ico-c-t¯msS hkn-
I-iXw \ma-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb {_Ò-amWv e£yw C{µn-bm-Zn-
¡p-I-bmWv Ah-cpsS \nbaw. {XnKpW cln-Xa - mb kzcq-
I-fn ISn-ªm-Wn-Sp-I-bm-Wm-h-iyw. iq\yw F¶ kt¦-X-
]s¯ A\p-k-Ôm\w sN¿p-¶X - n kabw Nne-h-gn-¡p-
aà ]c-ta-iz-csâ k¯-bmWv kXyw. kzcq]w k\ym-kn-
¶p. IÙ-ar-KN - À½w F¶o cq]-¯n-epÅ hkv{Xw [cn-
bpsS aThpw Aa-c] - Z- h
- p-am-Wv. Rm³ ]c-{_Òw Xs¶
¡p-¶p. A\m-l-X-\m-Zp-cq-]-amb a{´w P]n-¡p-¶p. tkzÑm-
F¶-XmWv k\ym-kn-bpsS t[ybw. AP-]-bmWv Kmb-{Xn.
Nm-c-]-c-amb Bß-kz-`mhw kwc-£n-¡p-¶Xv tam£-ambn
hnIm-c-§sf \nb- {´n-¡p- I-bmWv e£yw. at\m- \n- {K-l-amWv
Icp-Xp-¶p. {_Ò-Nc - y-¯m im´n t\Sp-¶p. {_Ò-Nc - y-
IÙ. k\ym-kn-IÄ tbmK-¯m Ft¸mgpw B\-µ-kz-
¯n- se-¶-t]mse hm\-{]- Øm-{i- a-¯nepw A[y- b\w \nÀh-
cq]w ZÀin-¡p-¶p. B\-µ-am-Ip¶ `n£ `pPn-¡p-¶p. alm-
ln¨v Úm\-kw-bp-à\ - mbn k\ymkw kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-
iva-im-\-¯nepw kpµ-c-h-\-¯n-se-t¶mWw hkn-¡p-¶p.
XmWv icn-bmb k\ym-kw. HSp-hn {_Ò-cq-]¯ - n-epÅ
GIm-´-Xb - mWv \nhm-k-Øm-\w. B\µw Xs¶ aTw.
AJ-Þm-Im-i-¯n kvYnXn sN¿pw. AtXm-sSm¸w kwi-
Nm©-ey-sat\y IÀ½w sN¿p-¶p. icocw \nÀ½-e-am-Wv.
b-§ Ä AI¶v \nÀhmWw {]m]n-¡ p-¶ p. injyt\m
\ncm-{i-b-Øn-Xn-bmWv Bk-\w. B\-µ-amWv {Inb. ]c-
]p{Xt\m AÃmsX aämÀ¡pw CXv D]-tZ-in-t¡-­-XnÃ
am-ßm-hmWv Ah-cpsS BImiw. Bßm-hp-Xs¶ kn²m-
F¶v Cu D]-\n-j¯v A\p-im-kn-¡p-¶p.
´w. ia- Z- am- Zn- I- fm- W- h-ew- _w. ]c-{_Ò kmbq- Py-amWv ckm-
\nÀhm-tWm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
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1 \oe-cp-t{Zm-]-\n-j¯v 3

A]iywXzmhtcml´w I ZzmZoImtcmt]yXp tX I
ZnhnXx ]rYnhoalx I \akvtX `h`mhmb I
A]iyw bp{ZaÕy´ I \akvtX `h\yh I
\oe{Knhw inJÞn\w I \akvtX AkvX p _mlp`ym I
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P\mkx hiytXaw I _n`jybw kvXth I
\oe{Knhw hntlmenXw I inhmw Kncn{X Xmw Ipcp I
Gj GXy hoclm I amlnw ]ox ]pcpjw PKXv I
cpt{Zm Pemkt`jPo I inth\ hNkmXzm I
{Xnthyt£map\o\i I KncnimÑmhZmakn I
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 541

I bYm\x kÀhanÖK I K
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Zb£va w kpa\m AkXv I
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Xbm\kvX·mimX]bm I
\tam AkvXp \oeinJ I
Kncn im´Zncm{IiXv I
Þmb kl{km£mb h{PntW I
kXbkvXmt{hm AcpW I
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tXt`ymlaIcw \ax I
tb tN ta cp{Zm A`ntXm I
Xamwkn X Bbp[ I
hn£p {inXm kl{kmix
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tl \oeIWvT, Xsâ Znhyamb [ma¯m `qaÞe
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ImWm³ Ignªp. Xsâ `oIcamb cp{Z cq]t¯mSp IqSn {]ap© [·\ kzap`tbm I
abnÂ]oenIfpsS IncoSaWnª p C u PK¯ n cm{Xn tbmÀÖymw I
BhnÀ`qX\mbn; ChnsSbpff ZpjvS ·msc kwlcn¨p. bmÝt´ l´ Cjh I
Ahn[w A§sb R§Ä¡v ImWm³ Ignªp. ]cmXm `Kthm h]px I
P\§sf Cu `Khm³ \oeIWvT\v \Ã càhÀ AhXXy [\pkvX zw I
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Xs¶bmWv.Pe k¼¶§fmb Hmj[nIfn \ne sIm­v
\niocy i[ym\mw kpJo I
tcmKcq]nIfmb ]m]§sf \in¸n¡p¶Xv Ct±lw
PohnIfpsS {]mW\mIp¶p. AawKf§Ä AIäp¶Xn inthm \x iw`pcm`cx I
\pw B{Kln¨Xv km[n¡p¶Xn\pw At±lw \n§fpsS hnPy [\p inJÞn\o I
ASp¯v {]Xy£s¸Sphm\nSbmIs«. hniteym _mWhm³ DX I
`Khm³ cp{Z, A§bpsS t{Im[¯n\v R§fpsS At\i¶mtkyjh I
\akvImcw. `Khm\mb `h, A§bpsS t{Im[mthi¯n B`pcky \njMvK [o I
\v \akvI mcw. `Khm\mb \oeIWv T, A§bpsS `pP
]cntX [\zt\mtlXn I
§ Ä¡pw `pP§ fn hncmPn¡p¶ ic§Ä¡ pw
\akvImcw ssIemkhmkn\p, A§v ]ÀhX¯nemWv
ckva mkv]rWhXp hnizX I
hkn¡p¶sX¦nepw kIeÀ¡pw t£aacpfp¶p. A§v AtYmb Cjp[nkvX hmtc I
ZpjvS\n{Kl¯n\p]tbmKs¸Sp¯p¶ _mWw R§fpsS Akvan³ \nt[lnXw I
awKf¯n\v DXIpamdm¡pI. bm tX tlXnÀtam Zpjv Sa I
ssIemkhmknbmb ]ctaizc, R§Ä A§sb l tX _`qh tX [\ I
k v X pXn¡ s«. A § s\ sNbv X m temIsaÃmw Xbm Xzw hnitXm Akvam I
A\pIqehpw ZpxJhnapàhpambn¯ocpw. A§bpsS
\b£va bm ]mcw `pP I
_mW§Ä awKfZmbI§fmWv. AXpt]mse hnÃpw
RmWpw awKfabamWv. A§v Cu _mW§fm PohnXw \tam AkvXp kÀt¸t`ymx I
\ÂIp¶p. tb tI N ]rYnho a\p I
`Khm³, cp{Z, A§v ]ÀhX¯n \nhkn¡p¶p tb A´co£tb tI N ]rYnhoa\p I
sh¦nepw kIeÀ¡pw awKfw \ÂIp¶p. R§Ä¡v tb A´co£ tb Znhn I
{]Imiw \ÂIpI. Npa¸pw Xm{ahpw I]nehpw C§s\ tX`yx kÀt¸t`ym \ax I
N P
 542
I tb Nm`ntcmNt\ Znhn tb I
N kqcykycivamjp I
tbjma]vkp kZkvIrX I
tX`yx kÀt¸t`ym \ax I
bm Cjthm bmXp[m\m\mw I
tb hm h\kv]Xo\mw I
tb hm AhtSjp tb I
tX tXt`ym kÀt¸t`ym\ax I
Gsd Nph¸p \ndapff \oeIWvt Tizc, A§v
`qanbn AhXcn¡p¶Xmbn R§Ä I­p. A§bpsS
Cu AhXmcw I­hcn tKm]·mcpw tKm]nIfpw s]Sp
¶p. A§bpsS Cu AhXmcw I­hcn tKm]nIÄ¡pw
{]bmkamWv. F¶m AhXmcw ]qÀ®ambm kIeÀ
¡pw A§sb ImWm³ km[n¡pw. A§bpsS Cu
Irjvakzcq]¯n\v \akvImcw. abnÂ]oen [cn¡p¶
{]t`m,R§Ä A§sb \akvIcn¡p¶p. A§p Xs¶
bmWv iànimenbmb C{µ³ `à·mÀ¡v A§v kl
{km£\mbn {]Xy£s¸Sp¶p. A§tbmsSm¸w hµn
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{]t`m, A§bpsS Bbp[§Ä¡v \akvI mcw.
AXnià§fmbAh Ct¸mÄ im´§fmWv. A§bpsS
[\pÊn\nXm \akvImcw. A§v Xsâ hnÃnsâ RmWv
i{Xp¡fpsS t\À¡pw{]tbmKn¡mXncn¡pI. A§v
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kuay inh cq]¯n R§Ä¡v ZÀi\w \ÂInbmepw.
tl kl{km£, A§v \qdp\qdp _mW§Ä Htc
L«¯n sXmSp¯phnSp¶Xn\v ià\mWv. _mW§Ä
aqÀ¨bpffXm¡n A§v R§fpsS awKf¯n\v th­Xv
sN¿pI. ]ÀhX§fpw s]mSnbm¡m³ Ignhpff Xsâ
_mW§Ä awKf¯n\v D]Icn¡s«. A§bpsS ic§Ä
R§fpsS £bv¡mIs«.
`qanbn Ignªp IqSp¶ kÀ¸§Ä¡v \akvImcw.
B Imi¯nepw kzÀ¤¯ nepapff k À¸§ Ä¡ v
\akvImcw. kqcysâ {]Imi civanIÄ ]c¡p¶ temI
¯nepw Pe¯nepw Ignbp¶ kÀ¸§Ä¡pw \akvImcw.
cm£k·mcpsS _mWcq]§fpw amf§fn Ignbp¶
hbpw h\kv]XnIfn \nhkn¡p¶hcpamb kÀ¸§Ä
¡v \akvImcw.
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hncq]mt£W _{`qWm I
hmNw hmZnjytXm lX I
kÀh \oe inJÞw I
hoc IÀ½Wn IÀ½Wn I
CamXb {]mi Pln tb\Zw I
hn`Pmatl \tam `hmb I
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Znt\ bkymizcu Zzn I
kcu KÀZZmhZnXÊcu I
Xkvs sa \oen inJÞmb \ax II
AÃtbm Hmj[nIsf bmsXmcp `Khm³ inh³
hnizawKf¯n\p th­n hnjw ]m\w sNbvXv \oe
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awKf¯n\mbn lcnbpsS cq]w [cn¨p, B \oe
iva{iphmb tIZmtcizc{]`phn\v, im´n kzcq]\mb B
tZhtZh\v, kt´mjn¡m³ th­Xv sN¿pI. `Khm³
inh³ ]nwKf hÀ®amÀ¶ icoct¯mSpw IÀ®§tfmSpw
IqSnbh\mWv. At±lw \oeIWvT\mWv. kÀ¸§Ä
AWnªncn¡p¶p. hncq]m£\mb lc³ ]escbpw
\nl\n¡pIbp­mbn. At±ls¯ kw_Ôn¡p¶
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`h\v \akvImcw. kwlmc IÀ¯mhmb cp{Z\v \akvIm
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kvImcw. Z£ Krl¯nse aÞ]w kptim`nXam¡p¶
Ipamc cq]\mb inh\v \akvImcw.
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tImhÀ IgpX XpS§nbhsbÃmw D­mbXv At±l¯n\v
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inhcq]\mb kÀh\mY\v ho­pw ho­pw \akvImcw.
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 543

I K
1 \rknw-l-]qÀh-Xm-]n-\yp-]-\n-j¯v
3

im´n-]mTw krãn-¡-s¸-«p. Úm\n-IÄ X§-fpsS a\-Ên ØnX- sN-

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\ Ct{µm hr²-{ihmx kzkvX n \x ]qjm hniz-
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thZmx kzkvXn \x XmÀt£ym Acn-ã-t\anx kzkvXn
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t\m _rl-kv]X - nÀ Z[m-Xp.
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V-§-fmb AwK-§- fmepw tZl-¯mepw \n§sf kvXpXn¨p At±lw Cu Zriy-{]-]©w krãn-¨p. AXn-\m Cu
sIm­v tZh-·mÀ R§Ä¡v \nÝ-bn-¨n-«pÅ BbpÊp apgp- {]]©w a{´-cm-P-\mb A\p-ãp-¸va-b-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶p. Cu
h³ R§Ä A\p-`-hn-¡-tW. alm IoÀ¯n-am-\mb C{µ³ A\p-ãp-¸n \n¶mWv kIe `qX-§-fp-tSbpw Dev]¯ - n.
R§Ä¡v \· ssIh-cp-¯-tW. kÀh-Ú-\mb ]qjmhv A\p-ãp-¸nsâ {]`m-h-¯m Pohn-IÄ Ignªp IqSp-¶p.
R§Ä¡v awKfw \ÂItW. A{]- Xn- tcm- [y- K- Xn- am-\mb Kcp- ac-W-tijw Cu temIw shSnªp A\p-ãp-¸n Xs¶
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1. Hmw Bt]m hm CZ- am-k ³ ken- e -t ah k §Ä {]m]n- ¡p-¶p. AXn-\m hm¡v A\p- ãp¸p Xs¶. Cu
{]Pm]Xn- t cIx ]pjv I c ]Àt® ka- ` - h - X v , X A\p- ãp¸v OµÊv aäp Oµ-Êp-I-sf-¡mÄ al-Xz- ap-Å-Xm-W.v
kym´Àa-\kn Imax ka-hÀ¯X CZw krtP-b-an- 2. kkm-Kcmw kÀ]-h Xmw k]vX -Zzo]mw hkp-
Xn. XkvamXv XXv ]pcptjm a\km A`n KÑ-Xn, Ôcmw XXv kmav\x {]Yaw ]mZw Pm\o-bmXv b£-
XZzm- N m-h -Z Xn XXv IÀ½Wm Itcm- X n, XtZ- j m- K- Ô - h m- ] v k - t cm- K - W - t k- h nX A´- c o£w XXv
`ypàm Ima-k vX -Z t{i ka-h À¯-X m[n a\tkm kmavt\m ZznXobw ]mZw Pm\o-b m-X v. hkp-c p-{Zm-
tcXx {]Yaw bZm-ko-Xv. ktXm _Ôp akvXn \nc- ZnssXyx kÀsshÀtZsshx tkhnXw Znhw XÕm-
hn-µ³ lrZn-{]-Xojy Ihtbm a\o-tjXn Dss]\w av\-kvXr-Xobw ]mZw Pm\o-bm-Xv. {_Ò-kz-cq]w \nc-
XZp-]-\a- n-Xn-bXv Imtam `hXn k Xt]m f X]yX Rv P\w ]c-a-thym-av\ nIpw XXv kmav\ -Ý-XpÀ°w
kX-]-kvX]vXzm \ GXw a{´-cmPw \mc-knw-l-a- ]mZw Pm\o-bmtZym Pm\otX f ku Aar-XXzw N
\p-ãp-`-a-]-iyXv tXss\h kÀh-an-Z-a-kr-PX bZnZw KÑXn EKyPpx kmam- Y Àh-W - Ý -X zmtcm thZmx
InwN Xkv amXv kÀh anZ-a -\ p-ã p-an-X ym- N -£ tX kmwKmx kim-J m- Ý -X zmtcm ]mZmx `h-´ n. Inw
bZnZw Inw N A\pãp t`m hm Cam\n `qXm\n [ym\w Inw ssZhXw Im\yw. Km\n Im\n ssZh-
Pmbt´ A\p-ãp`m PmXm\n Poh´n A\p-ãp`w Xm\n Inw Oµx I Ejn-cn-Xn.
{]b´y `nkw hni-´ nX sskyjm `hXn A\p-
kmK-c§
- Ä ]Àh-X-§Ä kv]X Zzo]-§Ä F¶n-h-
ãp]v {]Yam `hXn A\p-ãp-_p-¯am `hXn hmKzm
tbmSp IqSnb ]rYzn-bmWv hninã a{´- ¯nsâ H¶m-as¯
A\p-ã p]v hmssNh {]b´n hmssN- thm-Z y´n
]mZw F¶v a\- Ên-em-¡p- I. b£-·m- cmepw KÔÀh-·m- cmepw
]cam hm Gjm Oµkmw bZv A\p-ãp-_n-Xn.
A]vk-c-Êp-I-fmepw tkh-Xn-amb A´-co-£-amWv c­m-
BZy-L-«-¯n Cu {]]©w apgp-h\pw Pe-cq-]-¯n- as¯ ]mZw. hkp-¡Ä cp{Z-·mÀ BZn-Xy-·mÀ apX-emb tZh-
em-bn-cp-¶p. FÃm-bn-S¯pw Pew Xs¶- bm-bn-cp-¶p. B Pe- ·m-cm tkhn- X- amb Zyptem-I- amWv aq¶m- as¯ ]mZw. amb-
¯n Hcp Xma- c-bn-e-bn {]Pm-]-Xn-bmb {_Òmhv {]Xy- tbmSp IqSm-¯Xpw ]cn-ip-²hpw ]c-a-amb thyma-t¯mSp
£-s¸-«p. {_Òm-hn\v temI-kr-ãn-bn Xmev]-cy-ap-­m-bn. tNÀ¶-Xp-amb {_Òw Xs¶-bmWv \mem-as¯ ]mZw. Ch-
At±lw a\p-jy-`m-h-\sb BZyw hm¡p-sIm­v ]d-bp-I- sb-¸-än-sbÃmw C§s\ th­ hn[w Adn-bp¶ Úm\n
bpw, ]ns¶- thÀ¯n-cn¨ ]qÀ×-am-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXv Aa-c-Xzs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. t{ijvT a{´- ¯n\v \mev ]mZ-§-
FÃm-hÀ¡pw Adn-bmhp¶Xm-Wv. AXns\ kw_-Ôn¨v fp-­v. imJ-It- fmSpw AwK-§-tfmSpw IqSn E¡v, bPp-Êv,
C§s\ ]d- b- s¸-«n- «p-­v. ]­v krãn D­m-b-t¸mÄ Ima\pw kmaw, AY-Àhw F¶o \mep thZ-§-fm-Wv. Ah hninã

N P
 544

I a{´w [ym\n-t¡-­-sX-§-s\-bmWv? kmwK-§fpw kim-J- inhx klcn tk{µx tkm f ánx tkm£cx ]cax K
I- fp-amb thZ- §-fpsS AwK-§Ä tZh-·mÀ OµÊv Ejn- IÄ kzcmSv XXv kmav\ x NXpÀ°w ]mZw Pm\o-bmXv
ChÀ Bsc-Ãm-am-sW¶ {]iv\w DZbw sN¿p-I-bp-­m-bn. bx Pm\otX tkm f arX-XzwN KÑXn Hmw D{K-{]Y
akymZyw Pew ZznXo-b-kymZyw \rknwlx XrXob
3. k tlmhmN {]Pm-]Xnx k tbm l ssh XXv
kymZyw arXypx NXpÀ° kymZyw kma Pm\o-bmXv
kmhn-{X-kym-ã m-£cw ]Zw {iobm-` n-jnàw XXv
b Pm\otX tkm f arXXzw N KÑXn Xkvam-ZnZw
kmavt\mwKw thZ {inbm sslhm-`n-jn-NytX kÀth
kma b{X Ip{X-NnXv \ BNtã bZn ZmXp-a-t]-
thZmx {]W-hm-Zn-ImkvXw {]Whw XXv kmavt\m
£tX ]p{Xmb ip{iq- j th Zmky- \ ykvssa
AwKw thm kkv{Xo³ temIm³ PbXn NXpÀhnw-
injymb hm tNXn.
i-Xy-£cm alm-e-£vaoÀb-Pp-kvXXv kmavt\miv\w
thZ BbpÀ bix IoÀ¯n Úm\ sFiz-cy-hm³ Cu hnizw apgp-h\pw FÃm Pohn-Ifpw FÃm thZ-
`h-X n. Xkvam-ZnZw kmwKw kma-P m-\ o-b mXv tbm §fpw Aán {]mW³ C{µn-b§ - Ä A¶w ]ip AarXw
Pm\otX tkm f arXXzw N KÑXn kmhn{Xow k{amSv kzcmPv hncmSv F¶n-hbpw a{´-§-fn cmPm-hmb
{]Whw bPpÀ e£vaow kv{Xo ip{Imb t\Ñ´n kma-¯nsâ {]Y-a-]m-Z-am-sW-¶-dn-bW - w. E¡v bÖpÊv
N {Xnwi-Z£ - cw kma Pm\o-bm-tZym-Pm-\otX tkm kmaw AYÀhw F¶o cq]-¯n-epÅ kqcy³ Ah-bpsS
f arXXzw N KÑ-Xn. kmhn{Xnw e£va ow bÖpx aÞ- e-¯n ØnXn sN¿p¶ lnc- ×b ]pcp- j³ F¶nh
{]Whw bZn Pm\o-bmXv kv{Xo iq{Zx kartXm f kma-¯nsâ ZznXob ]mZ-§-fm-W.v kIe Hmj-[n-IÄ¡pw
t[m KÑXn XkvamXv kÀh-Zm-\m-Ntã bZym-Ntã Xmcm-K-W-§Ä¡pw \mY-\mb N{µs\ kma-¯nsâ XrXo-
k BNm-cykvtX ss\h kartXm f t[m KÑ-Xn. b-]m-Zs
- a¶pw {_Òm-hv, hnjvWp, inh³, C{µ³, Aán,
]c-ta-iz-c³ F¶n-hÀ kma-¯nsâ NXpÀ° ]mZ-sa¶pw
{]Pm- ]- Xn-bmb {_Òmhv ]dªp: {io _oP- ¯m A`n-
a\-Ên-em-¡p-I. C§s\ Adn-bp¶ Úm\n AarXw {]m]n-
jn-à- amb Kmb{Xn a{´sa¶ Aãm£-co-]m-Zs¯ t{ijvT
¡p-¶p. t{ijvT-a-{´-amb A\p-ãp-¸nsâ {]Y-a-]m-Z-¯nsâ
a{´-amb kma-¯nsâ AwKw Xs¶-sb¶p a\-Ên-em-¡p-
BZymwiw D{Khpw ZznXo-b-]m-Z-¯nsâ BZymwiw Pehpw
¶-h³ sFiz-cy-k-¼-¶-\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p. kIe thZ-§-
XrXo-b- ¯nsâ BZymwiw \rknw- lhpw \memw ]mZ- ¯nsâ
fpsS BZn-bn {]tbm-Kn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xv {]W-ha - m-Wv. AXp-
BZymwiw arXyp-hp-am-Wv. Cu \mep ]mZ-§-sfbpw kma-
sIm­v {]W- hs¯ kma-¯nsâ AwKw Xs¶-sb¶p Icp-
¯nsâ kzcq-]w-sIm­v a\-Ên-em-¡-Ww. C§s\ a\-Ên-
Xp¶ Úm\n aq¶p temI-s¯bpw Pbn-¡p-¶-h-\m-bn-¯o-
em-¡p¶ Úm\n AarXw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Bsc-sb-¦nepw
cp-¶p. Ccp-]- ¯n- \m- e- £- c-apÅ alm-e£vao a{´w bPpÀth-
Cu a{´w D]-tZ-in-¡-W-sa-¦n AXv kzoI-cn-¡m³ Xmev]-
Z-¯nsâ kzcq]w Xs¶. AXns\ kma- ¯nsâ AwKw Xs¶-
cy-ap-Å-h\pw tkhm-]-c-\p-amb ]p{Xt\m kZm-Nm-cn-bmb
sb¶p Icp-Xp¶ Úm\n bi-Êv, IoÀ¯n, Úm\w,
injyt\m Bbn-cn-¡-Ww.
BbpÊv sFizcyw F¶nh {]m]n-¡p-¶p. AwK-§Ä kln
Xw kma-thZw th­-hn[w Adn-bp¶ hyàn Aar- X-Xzs¯ 5. k tlmhmN {]Pm-]Xnx £otcm-ZmÀW-h-im-
{]m]n-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m Cu kmaw AwK-§Ä klnXw bn\w \rtI-kcnw tbmKn-t[ybw ]caw ]Zw kma
{Kln-t¡- ­- Xm-Wv. {]W-hw, Kmb-{Xn, bPpx kzcq- ]- amb alm- Pm\o-b mtZym Pm\otX tkm f arXXzw N KÑXn
e£vao a{´w F¶n-hsb Úm\n-IÄ A\-[n-Im-cn-IÄ¡v hoc w {]Y - a - X ymÀ [ m´ w "Xw ' "kw ' ZznXob
]d- ªp-sIm-Sp-¡m-dn- Ã. F´p-sIm-s­- ¶m A§- s\-bp-Å- kymÀ[m´w lw`o XrXo-b -k ymÀ[m´w arXypw
hÀ Ah a\-Ên-em-¡n-bmepw AhÀ¡v D¯-a-amb KXn e`n- NXpÀ°-kymÀ[m´yw kma Pm\o-bmtZym Pm\otX
¡p-I-bn-Ã. AXn-\m at{´m]-tZiw sImSp-¡p-¶-Xn tkm f arXXzw N KÑ-Xn, Xkvam-ZnZw kma tb\
hfsc {i²n-t¡-­- Xp-­.v A\- [n-Im-cn-IÄ¡v at{´m- ]-tZiw tI\ IZm-cy-ap-tJ\ tbm Pm\otX k tXss\h
sImSp-¡p¶ BNm-cy-·mÀ¡pw At[m-K-Xn-bm-W.v ap¸-¯n- ico-tcW kwkm-c-·p-Ny-tX, amN-bXn apap-£pÀ`-
c-­-£-c-apÅ kmas¯ Adn-b-Ww. kv{XoIÄ¡pw iq{Z- hXn P]m- t¯-s s\h ico-t cW tZh- X m- ZÀi\w
·mÀ¡pw at{´m-]-tZiw \ÂI-s¸-Sm-dn-Ã. ItcmX n Xkvam- ¯ - t ah apJyw Zzmc w Ieu
\mt\yjmw `hXn Xkvam-ZnZw kmwKw kma Pm\o-
4. k tlmhmN {]Pm-]Xnx AánÀssh tZhmx
bm-tZym-Pm-\otX k tkm f arX-Xzmb KÑ-Xn.
CZw kÀhw hnizm\n `qXm\n {]mWm hm C{µn-
bmWn ]ithm A¶-a-arXw k{amSv kzcmSv hncmSv {]Pm-]Xn ]dªp: Cuiz-csâ \rknw-l-cq] hn{Klw
XXv kmav\ x {]Yaw ]mZw Pm\o-b mXv EKypPpx £oc-km-K-c-km-bn-bmbn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶Xv ]c-a-Z-cq-]hpw
kmam-YÀh cq]x kqtcym f ´cm-ZntXy lnc-×bx tbmKn-IÄ¡v [ym\-tbm-Ky-hp-am-W.v B hn{Klw kma-th-Z-
]pcp-j-kvXXv kmavt\m ZznXobw ]mZw Pm\o bmXv ¯nsâ cq]-am-Wv. A§s\ am\n-¡p-¶-h³ Aar-XXzw
b Hmj-[ o\mw {]`-hXn Xmcm-]Xnx tkma-k vX Xx {]m]n-¡p-¶ p. t{ijvT -amb A\p-jv Tp-¸nsâ BZy-] mZ
kmav\x XrXobw ]mZw Pm\o-bmXv k {_Òm k ]qÀhmÀ²-¯nse A´n-a-`mKw hocy-am-Ip-¶p. ZznXo-b¯- n-
N P
 545

I sâXv "Xw' "kw' BWv. XrXo-b-¯n-sâXv "lw `o BIp-¶p. XpÀ°-kym´yw kma Pm\o-bmtXym Pm\ntX tkm K
NXpÀ°-¯n-sâXv arXyp-hm-Wv. CsXÃmw kmaw Xs¶. f arXXzw N KÑ-Xn. tbm f ku tkth- Z-b- a nZw
C§s\ Adn-bp- ¶-h³ Aar-XXzw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Cu kmaw Inw Nmß\n {_Ò- W ym- \ p- ã p`w Pm\o- b mtZym
GsX-¦nepw BNm-cy-\n \n¶pw a\-Ên-em¡n BN-cn-¡p- Pm\ntX tkm f arXXzw N KÑ-Xn. kv{Xo ]pcp-j-
¶-h³ Cu P·-¯n Xs¶ kwkm-c-_Ô - - \-ap-à-\m-¡p- tbmÀhm Csslh ØmXp-a-t]-£-tX. k kÀssh-
¶p, aäp-Å- h-scbpw apà-\m-¡p-¶p. {]m]-©nI taml-§- izcyw ZZmXn b{X Ip{Xm-]n-{an-btX tZlmt´ tZhx
fnepw aa-XIfnepw s]«p-g-ep¶ hyàn CXp tIÄ¡p- ]cw {_Ò-Xm-cIw hymNtã tb\ Aku AarXo
t¼mÄ tamt£-Ñp- hm- Ip- ¶p. a{´-cm-P-\mb kma- P]w sIm­v `qXzm kx Aar-XXzw N KÑXn Xkvam-ZnZw kma-a-
`K-hm³ \c-knw-l-aqÀ¯n-bpsS ZÀi-\- ap-­m-Ip-¶p. Ien-bp- [ymKw P]Xn Xkva m-ZnZw kmamwKw {]Pm-] Xnx
K- ¯nse apàn- ¡pÅ Ffp¸amÀ¤- am- Wn- Xv. CXv ico¡p a\- Xkvam-ZnZw kmamwKw ]3-Pm-]Xnx bx Ghw thtZXn
Ên-em-¡p-¶-h³ Aar-XXzw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. atlm-]m-\n-jXv b GXmw atlm-]-\n-jZw thZ k
IrX-]q-cp-Ý-c-tWm]n alm-hn-jvWpÀ`-hXn alm-hn-
6. Hmw EXw kXyw ]cw {_Ò ]pcpjw kptI
jvWpÀ`-h-Xn. CXn.
kcn-h n-{Klw IrjvW-]nw-Kfw DuÀ²z-tcXw hncq-
]m£w i¦cw \oe-tem-lnXw Dam-]Xnw ]ip-]Xnw hniz-{k-ãm-¡-fmb {]Pm-]-Xn-If- mWv Cu kmam-ßI
]n\m-In\w lyar-X-ZypXnw Cuim\x kÀh hnZym- a{´-¯m kÀh PK¯pw krãn-¨X - v. AXn-\m Ahsc
\m-ao-i zc kÀh-` q-Xm\mw {_Òm-[n-]-XnÀ {ÒtWm hniz-kr-ãm-¡-sf¶v ]d-bp-¶p. Ah³ aptJ\ Cu hnizw
f [n ]Xnx tbm ssh bPpÀ thZ-hm-NykvXw kma {]I-S-am-bn. Cu cl-ky-a-dn-bp¶ Úm\n-IÄ {_Ò-tem-I-
Pm\o-bmtZym Pm\otX tkm f arXXzw KÑXn alm s¯bpw ]{_-Ò-]Z- -s¯bpw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Cu kmas¯
{]Y-am-´À[-kymZyw jWw XrXo-bm-´À[-kymZyw AwK-k-lnXw Adn-bW - w. CXv Adn-bp-¶-h³ `h-_-Ô-\-
kma- N - X pÀ [m´- k ymZyw kma Pm\obm tZym ap-à-\mbn Aa-cXzw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
Pm\otX tkm f arXXzw N KÑ-Xn.
Cu a{´-¯nsâ {]Y-am-´ y-` mKw hnjvWp-hm-W v.
\rknw-l ³ A´-c ym-a nbpw kÀh-h ym-]n-b p-amWv ZznXob `mKw apJw, XrXobw `{Zw, NXpÀ°w hyqlw Ch-
At±lw EXhpw kXy-hp-am-W.v a\p-jy-sâbpw knwl-¯n- sbÃmw kmaw Xs¶ C§s\ Adn-bp-¶-h³ Aa-cXzw
sâbpw BIr-Xn-tbmSp IqSn-b-h\pw Idp¸pw aªbpw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Cu XXzw Adn-ªn-«p-ÅXv {]Pm-]XnbmWv.
IeÀ¶ \nd-ap-Å-h-\p-am-W.v At±-l-¯nsâ t\{X-§Ä `b- {_Ò-Ø n-X-amb Cu A\p-jvTp¸v a{´w {_-Ò-¯n Xs¶
¦-c-§-fm-Wv. At±lw Xs¶ Ieym-W-Im-cn-bmb inh³ ØnXn sN¿p-¶p. CX-dn-bp-¶-h³ Aa-cXzw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
IWvT- ¯n \oe-\n-dw. apIÄ`mK¯v temln-X-hÀ®w-þ-A- Cu PK-¯n kv{Xo ]pcp-j-·mÀ D¯-am-Nm-c-§Ä sNbvXv
Xn-\m \oe-tem-ln-X-s\¶v ]d-bs - ¸-Sp-¶p. B `K-hm³ B\-µ-{]m-]Xv n-¡m-{K-ln-¡p-¶p. AhÀ¡p `K-hm³ \rknw-
\rknwlw Xs¶. Kncn-Pm-]-Xn, Dam-]-Xn, ]ip-]-Xn, hn\mIn l³ kÀssh-iz-cy-§epw \ÂIp-¶p. Ahsc Aar-X-{]m-
AXy´w tXPkzn At±lw kÀh-hn-Zym-]-Xnbpw kÀh-`q- ]vXn¡v AÀl-cm-¡p-¶p. tamt£-N-Op-¡Ä XmcI a{´w
X-§-fp-sSbpw kzman-bp-am-Ip-¶p. thZ-]-Xnbpw {_Òmhn- P]n-¡-Ww, Cu atlm-]-\n-j¯v Adn-bp-¶-h³ IrX-]p-c-
sâbpw kzmanbpw bPpÀth-Z-¯nsâ hmNymÀ°-hp-amb Ý-cW- -\m-sW-¦nepw alm-hn-jW v p-hmbn `hn-¡p-¶p.
B `K-hm³ \rknw-ls¯ kma-sa¶p ]d-b-Ww. CX-dn-bp-
¶-h³ Aar-XXzw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. A\p-jT v p-¸nsâ {]Y-a-]m- c­mw D]-\ n-j ¯v
Z-¯nsâ D¯-cmÀ² BZy-`mKw alm F¶p ZznXo-bN - c
- W 1. tZh l ssh artXymx ]m]va`yx kwkm-cm-¨m-
D¯m-cÀ²m-Zy- `mKw "ÀhtXm' F¶p XrXo- b- ]mZ D¯-cmÀ²m- _n-` -b pkvtX {]Pm-] -X n-ap-] -[ m-h w-k vtX`yx GXw
Zy-`mKw "jWw' F¶p NXpÀ°-]mZ D¯-cmÀ²m-Zy-`mKw a{´-cmPw \mc-knwlw {kãw {]mb-Ñt- ¯\ ssh
\ax F¶p-am-Ip-¶p. CX-dn-bp-¶-h³ Aar-XXzw {]m]n-¡p- tX kÀth arXyp-a-P-b³ kÀth ]m]va-\-kvXc - ³
¶p. Cu kmaw k¨n-Zm-\µ kzcq-]-amb ]c-{_Ò Xs¶. kwkm- c m-¨ m- X - c w- k v X - a m- t Zym- a rtXymx ]m]v a `yx
AX-dn-bp-¶- h³ Cu P·- ¯n Xs¶ Aar-XXzw {]m]n¡pw kwkm-cm¨ hn`o-bmXv k Ghw a{´-cmPw \mc-knw-
AwK-k-lnXw Cu kmaw Adn-b-Ww. A{]-Imcw Adn-bp- l-am-\p-ã`w {]Xn KrlvWo bmXv k arXypw PbXn
¶-h³ P\-\-a-c-W-c-ln-X-\mbn Aa-cXzw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. k ]m]vam\w XcXn k kwkmcw XcXn Xky l
7. hniz-krPv GtX\ ssh hniz-anZw Akr-PX ssh {]W-hky bm ]qÀhm bm{Xm ]rYn-hy-Imcx
bZv hniz-a-kr-P´XkvamXv hniz-krPm hniz-ta-\m- k EKv`nÀ EtKz-tZm-{_Òm hkthm Kmb{Xo KmÀl-
\y-\p-{]-Pm-btX {_ÒWx kmbqPyw k temI-Xm- ]Xyxk kmav\x {]Yax ]mtZm `hXn ZznXo-bm-´-
b-´n. Xkvam-Zn-Zw-kmwKw ka-Pm-\o-bm-tZym-Pm-\otX co£w k DImcx k bPpÀ`nÀb- P pÀ thtZm
tkm f arXXzw N KÑXn hnjvWpw {]Y-a-kym´w hnjvWp cp{Zmx {Xnãp-_vZ-£n-Wmánx k kmavt\m
apJw ZznXo-b-kym´w `{Zw XrXo-b-kym´w alm-N- ZznXobx ]mtZm `hXn XrXo-bmZyu k aImcx k
N P
 546
I kma`nx kma-th-tZm-cpt{Zm BZnXym PK-Xym-l-h-
\obx k kmav\-kvXr-Xobx ]mtZm `hXn bm Ah-
kmt\ f ky NXpÀ°yÀ²-am{Xm km kma-temI
HmwImcx tkm f YÀh-s sWÀa-ss{´-c -Y ÀhthZx
kwhÀ¯-\tIm f ánÀa-cptXm hncm-tUI EjnÀ
`mkzXo kmkmav\x NXpÀ°mx ]mtZm `h-Xn.
acWw ]m]w kwkmcw Chsb `b¶v Hcn-¡Â tZh-
·mÀ HmSn {]Pm-]-Xn-bmb {_Òm-hns\ icWw {]m]n-¨p.
{_Òmhv AhÀ¡v `K- hm³ \rknw-l-¯nsâ a{´- cm-P-\mb
A\p-ãp¸v D]-tZ-in-¨p. Cu a{´ kn²n-bm tZh-·mÀ ac-
Ws¯ Pbn-¨p. Ah-scÃmw kÀh-]m-]-hn-ap-à-cmbn F¶p
am{X-a-Ã, kwkm-c-km-K-chpw A¡c IS-¶p. AXn-\m ac-
W- ]m] kwkm-c- §Ä `b-s¸-Sp¶ hyàn-IÄ Cu a{´s¯
icWw {]m]n-¨m aXn. C§s\ icWw {]m]n-¡p-¶-h³
arXyp ]m]w {]]©w Chsb XcWw sN¿p-¶p.
Cu ]dª t{ijvT a{´- ¯nsâ AwKw Xs¶- bmWv
{]W-hhpw {]Y-a-am-{Xm-bp-à-amb AIm-c-amWv {]W-hw.
]rYzn AXnsâ temI-am-Wv. EKzn-`q-jn-X-amb EtKzZw Xs¶
AXnsâ A[n-jvTm\w tZhX {_Òm-hv, OµÊv Kmb-{Xn.
AXv hkp-¡fpw KmcÀl-]-Xym-án-bp-amWv {]W-h-¯nsâ
{]Y-a-am-{X-bn AXv \n£n-]vX-am-Wv. AXp Xs¶ kma-
¯nsâ {]Y-a-]m-Zw.
{]W-h-¯nsâ ZznXob ]mZw DIm-c-amWv A´-co-£w,
A´-co£w bÖqÀth-Zw, cp{Z KpW-§fpw hnjvWphpw
tZh-X-IÄ {Xnãp]v Oµ-Êv. {]W-h¯ - nsâ XrXo-ba - m-{Xa
aIm-ca
- m-Wv. ZyptemIw kma-th-Zw, cp{Z-·mÀ BZn-Xy-·mÀ
PKXn a\Êv Bl-h-\o- bmán F¶n-h-sbÃmw XrXo-b- am-{Xm-
´ÀK-X-§-fm-Ip-¶p. Cu XrXo-b-am{Xw Xs¶-bmWv kma-
¯nsâ XrXob ]mZw.
{]W-h-¯nsâ NXpÀ°-am-{X-bn \mZm-ß-I-amb
AÀ²-am-{X-bpsS {]Xo-Xn-bp-­m-Ip-¶p. AXn N{µ-temIw
Hm¦m-c-hm-Nn-bmb ]c-{_Ò AYÀh-thZw kwhÀ¯Iw
F¶ Aán, acp-¯p-IÄ hncmP OµÊv F¶n-h-bp-­v.
CXnsâ Ejn {_Òm-hm-Wv. {_Ò-cq-]-¯n-em-I-bm AXv
AXy´w {]Im- i-ap-Å- Xm- Wv. Cu NXpÀ° am{X Xs¶- bmWv
kma-¯nsâ \memw-]m-Zw.
2. Aãm- £ cx {]Yax ]mtZm `h- X y- ã m- £ - c m-
kv{Xb ]mZm `h-t´yhw Zzm{Xnw-iZ- -£-cmWn k¼-
ZytX Zzm{Xnw-iZ- -£cm hm A\p-jvSp]v `hXn A\p-
ã`m kÀh-anZw krãw A\p-ãp`m kÀh-ap-]-kw-
hrXw Xky ssl Xky ln ]©mw-Km\n `h´n
NXzmcx ]mZm-ÝX - zmcn AwKm\n `h´n k {]Whw
kÀhw ]©aw `hXn Hmw lrZ-b mb \ax Hmw
inctk kzmlm inJmssb hjSv Hmw Ih-Nmb
lpw Hmw Akv{Xm-b -^ Sv CXn {]Yaw {]Y-ta\
bpPytX ZznXobw ZzoXn-tb-\, XrXobw XrXo-tb-\,
NXpÀ°w NXpÀt°-\, ]©aw ]©-ta-\, hyXn-
N P
jnàm hm Cta temImx XkvamZv hyXn-jn-àm\n K
AwKm\n `h´n Hmw CXn GXZv A£-c-anZw kÀhw
XkvamXv {]Xy-£cw D`-bXv HmwImtcm `h-Xo-Xy-
£-cmWmw \ymkw D]-Zn-iXn {_Ò-hm-Zn\x
F«v A£c§fpÅ A\p-ãp¸v a{´- ¯nsâ {]Y-a-]m-
Z-amWv F«v A£-c-§Ä hoX- apÅ aq¶p ]mZ-§Ä. \mep
]mZ-§-enepw IqSn ap¸-¯n- c­p A£-c-§-fm-Wv. Cu A\p-
ãp-¸n-\m-emWv kÀh-P-K¯pw D­m-bn-«p-Å-Xv. kwlm-chpw
AXp-sIm­p Xs¶. CXnsâ \mev AwK-§-sfbpw ]än ]d-
ªp. {]Whw AXnsâ A©m-as¯ AwK-am-Wv. a\p-
jysâ ico-c-¯n A©v AwK-§Ä DÅ- Xp-t]mse A\p-
ãp-¸n\pw C§s\ A©v AwK-§fmWv. lrZ-bw, inc-Êv,
inJm, akvX-Iw, _mlp-aqew c­n\pw A©v AwK-§Ä
D­tÃm. a{´- ¯nsâ {]Y-amw-Ks¯ lrZ-b-t¯mSpw ZznXo-
bmw-Ks¯ inc-Ên-t\mSp XrXo-bmw-Ks¯ inJ-tbmSpw
NXpÀ°mw-K¯w c­p _mlp-aq-e-§-tfmSpw ]©-amw-
Ks¯ akvX-I-t¯mSpw tbm#n-¸n-¡mw. temI-amsI tNÀ¶n-
cv¡p-¶Xp t]mse c­nsâ AwK-§fpw ]c-kv]-c-_-Ôn-X-
am-W.v HmwImcw ka- kX
v -hnizw Xs¶ A\p-ãp-¸nsâ Hmtcm
A£-c-¯n-sâbpw c­p hi-§-enepw Hmw Imcw tNcWw
{_ÒÚm- \n- IÄ Cu a{´-¯nse Hmtcm \ymk-s¯- ¸- änbpw
D]-tZ-in-¡p-¶p.
3. Xky l hm D{Kw {]Yaw Øm\w Pm\o bmtZym
Pm\otX tkm f arXXzw N KÑXn hocw ZznXobw kvXm\w
alm- hnjvWpw XrXobw Pze´w NXpÀ°w kÀh-tXm- apJw
]©aw \rknwlw jjvTw `ojWw k]vXaw `{Z-a-ãaw
arXypw \h-aw-\a
- man Ziaw Al-anXn GIm-Ziw Øm\w
Pm\o-bmtZym Pm\otX tkm f arXXzw N KÑXn GIm-Zi
]mZm hm A\p-ãp]v `h-Xy-\p-ãp`m kÀh-an-Z-ap-]-kw-lrXw
XkvamXv kÀh-an-Z-a-\p-ã`w Pm\o-bmtZym Pm\otX tkm f
arXXzw K KÑ-Xn.
A\p-ãp-¸nsâ {]Y-a-Øm\w D{K-am-Wv. CX-dn-bp-¶- h³
Aa-c-\mIpw ZznXo-bØ- m\w hocw. XrXobw Øm\w alm-
hnjvWp NXpÀ°-km-Ym\w Pze-´w, ]©-a-Øm\w kÀh-
tXm-ap-Jw, jjvT- Øm\w \rknw-lw, k]vX-a-Øm\w `oj-
Ww. Aã-a-Øm\w `{Zw. \h-a-Øm\w arXyp, Zi-a-Øm\w
\aman GIm-Ziw Alw. C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-¶-h³ Aar-
XXzw {]m]n-¡p- ¶p. GIm- Z-i- ]- Z-§- epÅ A\p- jvT]v OµÊp
aptJ-\-bmWv k¼qÀ® PK¯pw krãn-¡-s¸-«n-«p-Å-Xv.
kwlm-chpw AXn-\m Xs¶. kI-eXpw A\p-ãp-¸nsâ
aln-am-hn-ti-j-am-W.v C{]-Imcw Adn-bp-¶-h³ Aar-XXzw
e`n-¡p-¶p.
4. tZhm l s s h {] Pm- ] - X n- a - { _ p- h - ¶ Y
IkvamZpNyX D{K-anXn k tlmhmN {]Pm-]-XnÀ
bkvamXv kza-lnav\m kÀhm³ temIm³ kÀhm³
tZhm³ Bß\x kÀhmWn `qXm\n DZ-Kr-lvWmXn
AP{kw krPXn hnkr-PXn hnhmk bXn D{Km-

I lyX DZvKr-lytX kvXpln {ipXw KÀU-X-kZw
bphm\w arKw \ `oaw D]-lXp ap{Kw ZrVm-P-cnt{X
knwl-k vX -hmt\m A\yw tX Akvan-¶ n-h -h ´p
tk¶x Xkva-Zp-NytX D{K-anXn AY-I-kvam-Zyp-NytX
hoc-anXn bkvamXv kza-lnav\m kÀhm³ temIm³
kÀhm³ tZhm³ Bß\x kÀhmWn `qXm\n hoc-
anXn hocm-a-b-Xy-P{kw krPXn hnkr-PXn hmk-
bXn btXm hocx IÀ½Wyx kpc-t£-a-bp-à-{Kmhm
PmKtX tZh Imax Xkvam-Zp-NytX hoc-an-Xn.
tZh-·mÀ tNmZn¨p: \rknw-ls¯ D{K-s\¶p ]d-bp-
¶-sX- ´p-sIm-­mWv? DK{]Pm-]Xn ]d-ªp. `K-h m³
\rknwlw kza-lnabm kÀh-tZ-h· - m-scbpw kÀh-`q-X-
§-sfbpw kÀhm-ßm-¡-sfbpw kÀh-tem-I-§-sfbpw kap-
²-n-bnem¡p-¶p. At±lw Ah-bpsS krãn ØnXn kwlm-
c-IrXyw \nÀh-ln-¡p-¶p. temIs¯ A\p-{K-ln-¡p-Ibpw
A\p-{K-ln-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AXp-sIm­v At±-ls¯
D{K-s\¶v ]d-bp-¶p. {ipXn-IÄ Bsc kvXpXn-¡p-t¶m B
]c-ta-iz-cs\ kvXpXn-¡p-w. At±lw lrZ-b-Kp-l-b nÂ
ØnXn sN¿p-¶p. At±lw Xmcp-Wy-¯m kpµ-c-\m-Wv.
knwl- cq-]-¯n {]Xy-£-\m- Ip-s¶- ¦nepw `à-·mÀ¡v `oI-
c-\Ã- . kI-e-cnepw Zb ImWn-¡p-¶p. F§pw F¯p-¶p.
At±lw kÖ- \-{Xm-W\pw Zpã- aÀ±-I- \p-am-Wv. AXp-sIm­v
D{K³ F¶p t]À In«n. ]ns¶ tZh-·mÀ tNmZn-¨p. \c-knw-
ls¯ hoc³ F¶v ]d-bm³ Imc-W-sa´v? {_Òmhp ]d-
ªp. `K-hm³ \rknwlw kzam-b- bm kÀh-`q-X-§- sebpw
kÀh-tem-I§ - -sfbpw ]men¨v hn`n-¶-eo-eI- f
- m-Sp-¶p. kI-
e-Xnepw hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. krãn-bpsS kwc-£-I\pw
kwlm-c-I\pw At±lw Xs¶. k¼qÀ® hnizhpw {]f-b-
¯n-\p-tijw At±-l-¯n ebn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m hnc-
s\¶v ]d-bp-¶p.
AY Ikvam-Zp-N ytX alm hnjvWp-c nXn bx
k Àhm³ te mIm³ hym] v t \ mXn hym] - b X n
kv t \tlm bYm ]e- e - ] n- Þ - t am- X - t {]m- X - a - \ p-
{] m] v X w hyXnjvtIm hym] ytX hym] - b tX
bkvam¶ PmXx ]tcm f t\ymkvXn b Bhn-th-i-
`q-h -\ m\n hnizm {]Pm-] Xnx {]Pbm kwhn-Z m-\ -
kv{XoWn tPymXnjn k l tX tjmU-ioXn Xkvam-
Zp-NytX alm-hnjvWp cnXn AY-I-ka v m-Zp-NytX Pze-
´-anXn bkvam-Xv. kza-lnav\m kÀhm³ temIm³
kÀ hm³ tZhm³ kÀ hm- \ m- ß \ x k ÀhmWn
`qXm\n kztX- P km PzeXn Pze- b Xn PzeytX
khnXm {]k-h nXm Zo]vtXm Zo]-b ³ Zo]y-am\x
Pze³ PzenXm X]³ hnX-]³ kwX-]³ tcmNt\m
tcmN-am\x tim`\x tim`-am\x IeymWx Xkvam-Zp-
NytX Pze-´-an-Xn.
tZh- ·mÀ tNmZn¨p:þ alm-hnjvWp F¶p ]d-bm³ Imc-
W-sa´v? {_Òmhp ]d-ªp. `K-hm³ \c-knwlw kza-ln-a-
bm kI-et- Z-h-·m-cnepw kI-e-B-ßm-¡-fnepw kÀh-`q-X- tNmZn-¨-t¸mÄ {_Òmhv ]dªp:þ FÃm-Po-hn-I-fnepw sh¨v
N P
547
§-fnepw hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. temIw {]-f-b-Im-e¯v At±- K
l-¯n hnebw sImÅp-¶p. EtKz-Z-¯n At±-l-¯nsâ
alna {]IoÀ¯n- ¡p-¶p-­v. {]P-I-fpsS D]m-ky-tZ-h\ - m-Wv.
tjmU-i-I-em-bp-à-\mbn {Xnhn[ tXP-Êp-If - n kÀh-
¯nepw hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\m alm-hnjvWp F¶v ]d-
bp-¶p. At±-ls¯ Pzme³ F¶v ]d-bp-¶-sX- s´¶ tZh-
·m-cpsS tNmZy-¯n\v adp-]-Sn-bmbn {_Òmhv ]d-ªp. `K-
hm³ kza-ln-a-bm kÀhm-ßm-¡-sfbpw kÀh-tem-I-§-
sfbpw kÀh-`q-X-§-sfbpw kz tXP-Ên-\m {]Im-in¸n-¡p-
¶p. EtKz-Z¯n C§s\ ]d-ªn-«p-­v. At±lw khn-
Xmhpw {]k-hn-Xmhpw BWv. {]Im- i-bp-à\pw {]Pz-en-X\pw
Zo]vX\pw Zo]n-¸n-¡p-¶-h\pw Zo]y-am-\\pw Pzen-¡p- ¶-h\pw
Pzen-¸n-¡p-¶-h\pw X]n-¡p-¶-h\pw X]n-¸n-¡p-¶-h\pw
tcmN-\\pw tcmN-am-\\pw tim`-\\pw tim`-am-\\pw Ieym-
W-Im-cn-bp-am-Wv. AXn-\m At±-ls¯ Pzen-¡p-¶-h³
F¶p hnti-jn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
5. AY Ikvam-Zp-NytX kÀh-tXm-ap-J-anXn bkvam-
Z-\n-{µn-tbm]n kÀhXx ]iyXn kÀhXx irtWmXn
kÀhtXm KÑXn kÀhX BZt¯ k kÀhix
kÀhXx XnjvTXn GIx ]pc- k vX mZv BZy CZw
_`qh btXm _`qh `qh- \ ky tKm]mx bw
At]yXn `ph\w kmw]-cmtb \aman Xalw kÀh-
tXm-apJw Xkvam-Zp-NytX kÀhtXm apJ-an-Xn.
At±ls¯ F´p-sIm-­mWv kÀhtXm apJ-s\¶p
]d-bp-¶ Xv? F¶v tZh-· mÀ tNmZn-¨ -t¸mÄ {_Òmhv
]dªp:þ At±lw C{µn-bm-Xo-X-\m-bn-cp-¶n«pw kÀh-Po-hn-
I-sfbpw Bßm-¡sfbpw tZh-·m-scbpw kÀh-tem-I§ - -
sebpw kza-ln-a-bm kÀh{X ho£n-¡p-¶Xp sIm­pw
tIÄ¡p-¶Xp sIm­pw {Kln-¡p-¶Xp sIm­pw FÃm
`mK¯pw k©-cn-¡p-¶Xp sIm­pw FÃm Øm\¯pw
hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xp sIm­pw At±-ls¯ kÀtXm-·p-J-
s\¶p ]d-bp-¶p. EtKz- Z-¯n At±- l- ¯nsâ alna hÀ®n-
¨n-«p-­v. krãn¡p ap¼v GI-\mbn hniz-¯n PmX-\m-bn.
kIe hniz-¯n-sâbpw {kãm-hm-bn. kwc-£-I-\m-bn. HSp-
hn X¶n Xs¶ ebn-¸n-¡p-¶p. Rm³ At±-ls¯ \a-
kvI-cn-¡p-¶p. AXp-sIm-­mWv \rknwlw kÀh-tXm-·p-J-
\m-b- Xv.
AY Ikva m-Zp-N ytX \rknw-l -anXn bkvamXv
kÀthjmw `qXm\mw k hocy-Xax t{ijvT -X-aÝ
k nw tl m hocy- X ax t{i j v T - X - a Ý Xk vamX v
\rknwlx BkoXv ]c-ta-iztcm hm PK-²nXw hm
GXZv cq]-a-£ cw `hXn {]`-h njvW p kvX htX
hocymb artKm \ `oax IpNtcm KcnjvTmx btkym
cpjp {Xnjp hn{I-taW jz[n £nb´n `ph-\m\n
hnizm-k vXk
- vam-Zp-N ytX \rknw-l-an-Xn.
\rknwlw F¶v ]d-bp-¶-sX-´n-\m-W?v F¶v tZh- ·mÀ
 548

I a\p-jy ]cm-{Iaw {]kn-²-am-WtÃm AXp-t]mse arK-§-fn 4. AY Ikv a m- Z p- N ytX arXyp- a nXn bkv a mXv K
knwlhpw ]cm-{I-an-bm-Wv. AXp-sIm­v \c-sâbpw knwl- kzalnav\ m kz`-àym\mw kvarX Gh arXyp-a-]-
¯n-sâbpw kwbp-à-cq-]-¯m ]cm-{I-a-¯n\v alXzw arXypw N amc-bXn bx BßZx _eZx bky hniz
IqSpw. AXn-\m-emWv `K-hm³ B cq]w [cn-¨-Xv. Cu cq]- D]m-ktX {]injyw bky tZhx bky Omb-arXw
¯n hniz- ¯n\v \· sN¿p- ¶p. At±- l- ¯nsâ cq]w Ahn- tbmar-Xyp-arXypx Ikvssa tZhmb l hnjm hnt[-
\m-inbpw k\m- X-\-hp-am-W.v thZ-¯n At±-l-¯nsâ cq]- a-Xk
- vam-Zp-NytX arXyp arXyp-an-Xn.
s¯¸- än ]d-ªn-«p­v. hnjvWp `K-hm³ knwl-cq]w [cn¨v
arXyp arXyp F¶p ]d-bm³ Imc-W-sa-´mWv F¶v
kvtXmX-¡-fn {]kvXp-X-\mbn hn`n¶ kvtXm{X-§-fmÂ
tZh- ·mÀ tNmZn-¨p. At¸mÄ {_Òmhv ]dªp: `K- hm³ kza-
At±lw kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ knwl-cq-]-[m-cn-bm-sW-¦nepw
ln-a-bm Xsâ `à-·mÀ kvacn-¡p¶ am{X-bn Xs¶
At±lw `à-·mÀ¡v `b- ¦-c-\- Ã. `qan-bnepw ]Àh-X-§- fnepw
Ah-cpsS arXyp-hn-s\bpw A]-ar-Xyp-hn-s\bpw ian-¸n-¡p-
kÀh{X hncm-Pn-¡ p-¶ p. kÀh-h ym-] n-b mb At±lw
¶p. thZ-¯n ]d-bp-¶p. BcpsS BÚb\p-k-cn-¨mtWm
kvtXmXm-¡-fpsS hm¡nepw AS- §p-¶p. aq¶p ]mZ-§-fn-ep-
tZh-·mÀ Xe-Ip-\n¨v BÚ-]m-en-¡p-¶-Xv. BcpsS Omb
ambn {Xn`p-h-\hpw HXp- §p-¶p. AXn-\m \rknw-l³ F¶
t]cv In«n. AarX kzcq-]-am-bn-cn-¡p- t¶m Bcv Bßm-hn-s\bpw iàn-
tbbpw {]Zms\ sN¿p-t¶m Bcv arXyp-hn-sâbpw arXyp-
3. AY Ikvam-Zp-NytX `oj-Wa - nXn bkvamZv bky hmtWm A§- s\-bpÅ GI\pw AZzn- Xo-b-\p- amb `K-hmsâ
cq]w Zrãzm kÀh-temImx kÀth tZhmx kÀhmWn ap¶n Bcm-[\ \S-¯p¶p C¡m-c-W-¯m `K-hms\
`qXm\n `oXym ]em-b-t´, kzbw bXx IpX-Ýn¶ arXyp-arXyp F¶v ]d-bp-¶p.
_nt`Xn `nb-kvamXv hmXx ]htX `ntbm-t`Xn kqcyx
`nbm-Z-kvam-Z-á n-tÝ-{µÝ arXypÀ [mhXn ]©ax 5. AY Ikv a m- Z p- N ytX \am- a oXn bkv a mZyw
Xkvam ZpNytX `oj-a-an-Xn. kÀth tZhm \a´n aap-£thm {_Òm-Zn-\ -Ý-{]-
\q\w {_Ò-k v]-X nÀa{´w hZ-X ypIvY w bkvan³
At±-ls¯ `oj-Ws - \¶p ]d-bp-¶-Xn\v Imc-W-sa-
Ct{µm hcptWm ant{Xm Acyam tZhx HmImwkn
s´¶v tZh-·mÀ tNmZn-¨-t¸mÄ {_Òmhp ]dªp: At±-l-
N{Intc Xkvam-Zp-NytX \am-aoXn
¯nsâ `oj-Wc - q] I­v FÃmhcpw `b-¶p. -tZ-h-·m-cpw
kÀh-Po-hn-Ifpw kÀh-tem-I-§epw At±-l-¯nsâ `oI-c- a{´-cm-P-\n \aman F¶ ]Zw F´n-\p-]-tbm-Kn¨p
cq]w I­v `b-s¸«p HmSn ad-bp-¶p. F¶m At±lw F¶v tZh-·mÀ tNmZn-¨-t¸mÄ {_Òmhv ]dªp: FÃm tZh-
Bscbpw `b-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. thZ-¯n ]d-ªn-«p-­v. Ct±- ·mcpw {_Ò-hm-Zn-Ifpw tamt£- Ni v p-¡-fmb km[-I-·mcpw
ls¯ `b-¶mWv kqcy³ {]Im-in-¡p-¶-Xv. hmbp Nen-¡p- \a-kI v -cn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m At±-ls¯ \a-kI v -cn-¡-Ww.
´v, Aán Pzen-¡p-¶-Xv, C{µ³ ag-s]-¿n-¡p-¶-Xv. Ct±- thZ-¯n ]d-ªn-cn¡p-¶p. bmsXmcp `K-hms\ e£o-I-
ls¯ `b- ¶n- «mWv arXyp t]mepw Pohn- Isf tZl- ¯p-\n¶p cn-¨p-sIm-­mtWm {_Òmhv Xsâ kvXh-¯n \a-kvI-cn-
apà- am-¡p- ¶Xv AXp-sIm­v At±-ls¯ `oj- W- s\¶v ]d- ¡p-¶Xv B `hm³ {_Òm-hn-sâbpw thZ-§-fp-sSbpw kwc-
bp-¶p. £-I-\m-Wv. At±lw C{µ³, hcp-W³, an{X³ AXy-amhv
AY Ikvam-Zp-NytX `{Z-anXn bkvamXv kzbw XpS-§n-b-hÀ¡v B{i-ba - mWv AXp-sIm­v At±-l-¯n-\p-
`t{Zm `qXzm kÀhZm `{Zw ZmZmXn tcmNt\m tcmN th­n \aman F¶ ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-¨p.
am\x tim_\x tim`-am\x IeymWw `{Zw IÀt®`nx 6. AY Ikvam-Zp-NytX Al-anXn Al-akvan {]Y-
hytih tZh- l nXw bZmbpx Xkv a m- Z p- l ytX aPm EXm-ky-]qÀhw tZtht`ymx Aar-Xky \m`mbn
`{Z-an-Xn. tbm am ZZmXn k Cu tZh amhmx Al-a-¶-a-¶-a-Z-
Ct±-ls¯ `{Z³ F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv F´p-sIm-s­¶v ´- a mZv a nx Alw hnizw `ph\ aÀXy- ` - h m- k p-
tZh- ·mÀ tNmZn- ¨- t¸mÄ {_Òmhv ]dªp:þ `{Zw F¶- Xnsâ hÀtPymXnx b Ghw thZ CXyp-]-\n-j-Xv.
AÀ°w awKfw F¶m-Wv. At±lw kzbw Im´n-am\pw
a{´-¯n Alw F¶ ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-sX-
A\ysc Im´n-am-·m-cm-¡p-¶-h\pw BWv. kzbw tim`m-k-
´n-\m-sW¶v tZh-·mÀ tNmZn-¨-t¸mÄ {_Òmhv ]dªp:
¼-¶-\m-bmepw A\ysc tim`m-a-b-cm-¡p-¶Xp sIm­pw
{ipXn-bn ]d-ªn-«p-­v. Rm³ tZh-·mÀ¡v ap¼v {]I-S-am-
C§s\ t]À In«n. thZ-¯n ]d-ªn-cn-¡p- ¶p. tZh-·msc
b-h-\m-W.v Rm\mWv Cu Zriyhpw AZr-iy-hp-amb {]]-©-
R§Ä bÚw sNbvXp-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ ImXp-IÄ
¯n\p ap¼p Xs¶ {]I- S-amb Bßmhv \n§Ä Fs¶ c£n-
awKfw tIÄ¡p-am-dm-It- W. I®p-I-fm awKfw ZÀin-¡-
¨n-«p-ap-­v. Rm³ A¶- am-W.v A¶- `-£-I-·m-cpsS `£-I-\p-
tW. `K-hms\ {]IoÀ¯n-¨p-sIm­v ZrV- §-emb AwK-§-
am-bn-¯oÀ¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. kqcy-{]-Im-ihpw Fsâ {]Im-i-
em IÀ½-§Ä sNbvXv tZh-·mÀ CÑn-¡p-¶n-S-t¯mfw
¯nsâ ap¶n \njv{]-`-am-Wv. CXv Adn-bp- ¶-h-\mWv Fsâ
BbpÊv t\S-s«. C§s\ hÀ®n-¡-s¸-Sp-I-bm `K-hms\
bYmÀ° D]m-k-I³.
`{Z-s\¶p ]d-bp-¶p.

N P

I aq¶mw D]-\n-j¯v
tZhm l ssh {]Pm-] -X n-c -A -{_p-h-¶ -\ p-ã p-`-
ky-a-{´-c m-P ky \mc-knw-lky iànw _oPw N
t\m {_qln `Kh CXn k tlmhmN {]Pm ]Xnx
ambm hm Gjm \mc-k nwlo kÀh-anZw krPXn
kÀh-an{Zw c£Xn kÀh-anZw kwl-cXn XkvamXv
am bmthXmw iànw hnZym- c Zy GXmw ambmw
iànw thZ k ]m]vam\w XcXn tkm f arXXzw
N KÑXn alXow {inb-a-iv\ptX aoamwk t´ {_Ò-
hm-Znt\m {lkzm hm ZoÀLm hm ¹pXm thXn bZn
{lkzm `hXn kÀhw ]m]vam\w Zl-Xy-ar-XXzw N
KÑXn bZn ZoÀLPm `hXn alXow {iob-am-]v\p-
bmXv Aar-X Xzw N KÑXn {inb-aiv\ ptX aoamw-
kt´ {_Ò-hm-Znt\m {lkzm hm ZoÀLm hm ¹Xm
`hXn Úm\-hm³ `hXn Aar-XXzw N KÑXn XtZ-
XZv Ejn-tWmàw \nZÀi-\w-þ k C\w ]mln b
EPnjn Xcq{X {inbw e£vanw Hu]-emw-_nImw Kmw
jjvTow N bmw C{µ-tkt\ XypX Blp kvXmw
hnZymw {_Ò tbm\nw k cq]mw Xan-l m-b ptj
icWw {]]tZy kÀthjmw hm GX-Zv` q-X m\mw
BImix ]cm-bWw kÀhmWn lhm CW-B-\C
`qXm\n BIm- i m- t Zh Pmbt´ BIm- i m- t Zh
PmXm\n Poh´n BImiw {]b´n A`n-kw-hn-i´n
Xkv a m- Z m- I miw _oPw hnZym- ¯ tZ ZXv Ejn-
tWmàw \nZÀi\w þ lwkx ipNn-Zzn-jkypx A´-
co£ k²mXm thZ-j-Z-XnYnx Zptcm-Wk - -±r-j-Zz-c-k-
ZpX kZv thyma kZ_vPm tlmPm EXPm A{ZnPm
EXw _rlXv b Ghw thtZXn atlm-]-\n-j-Xv.
tZh-·mÀ {]Pm-]-Xn-tbmSv ]dªp: \c-knw-l-¯nsâ
t{ijvT -a-{´-amb A\p-ãp-¸nsâ iàn-sb-¸-änbpw _oP-
s¯-¸-änbpw D]-tZ-in-¨m-epw. {_Òmhv ]dªp: Cu hniz-
¯nsâ krãn ØnXn eb-Im-cnWn `K-hmsâ iàn cq]-
bmb amb-bm-W.v amb-Xs¶ iàn. ambsb iàn-cq-]-¯n-
e-dn- bp¶ Úm\n ]m]w \o§n `h-km- Kcw IS¶v Aar-XXzw
{]m]n-¡p-¶p. Ah\v F§pw kpJ-k-ar²n e`n-¡p-¶p.
`K-hmsâ ambm-iàn {lkztam ZoÀLtam ¹qXtam
F¶v {_Òm-Zn-IÄ Nn´n-¡m-dp-­v. {lkz-sa-¦n {lkz-sa-
¶-dn-bp-Ib
- m-sW-¦n Ah³ ]m]-ap-à-\mbn Aar-XXzw
{]m]n-¡p-¶p. ZoÀL-am-sW- ¦n AX- dn-bp- ¶-h³ al-¯mb
sFizcyw {]m]n¨v Aa-c-\m-Ip-¶p. ¹qX-am-sW-¦n AX-dn- \mb A\p-ãp-¸nsâ AwK-`q-X- amb a{´-§Ä R§Ä¡v
bp-¶-h³ AXy´w Úm\n-bmbn Aar-XXzw t\Sp-¶p.
C§s\ ]d- b-s¸-Sp¶ ambm-cq-]-amb _nµp-a-b- kz-c-ta, Kmb-{Xn, \c-knw- l-Km-b{Xn Ch a{´- cm-Psâ AwK-`q-X-§-
F\n¡v kwkm-c-km- Kcw XcWw sN¿m- \m-{K- l- ap­v AXn\v fmb a{´-§-fm-Wv. AXv Adn-bp-¶-h\v sFiz-cyhpw HSp-
Rm³ i¦-csâ iàn-bmb C{µ-tk-\-sbbpw hnZym-i-àn- hn Aa-cX
sbbpw B{i-bn-¡p-¶p. FÃm iàn-I-tfmSpw tNÀ¶v
Fs¶ c£n-¡p-I.
N P
549
kÀh-Po-hn-Ifpw DÂ`-hn-¨Xv BIm-i- ¯n \n¶m-W.v K
FÃm-än-sâbpw B{i-b-Øm-\hpw AXm-W.v BIm-i- ¯nÂ
\n¶v Poh³ [cn¨v FÃmw BIm-i-¯n hne-bn-¡p-¶p.
AXn-\m BImiw kÀh-¯n-sâbpw _oP-am-W.v `K-hm³
Xsâ ]c-a-[m-a- ¯n {]Im- in-¡p-¶p. At±lw Xs¶ hkp-
¡Ä. {Kl-§-fnse AXn-Yn-Ifpw At±lw Xs¶. bÚ-
th- Zn-bn {]Xn-jvTn-X-amb Aánbpw At±-l- am-Wv. At±lw
Xs¶ Aán-bpw lhnÊpw tlma-{Z-hy-§-fpw. At±lw
BIm-i-¯nepw kzÀ¤-¯nepw aÀ¯r-tem-I-¯nepw kXy-
tem- I- ¯nepw hkn-¡p-¶p. ]rYzo, Pew, ]Àh-X- §Ä F¶Ã
kI-eX - nepw {]I-S-am-¡p-¶Xv ]c-a-amb kXyhpw alm\pw
At±lw Xs¶. C{]-Imcw Adn-bp¶ Úm\n FÃm al-
Xzhpw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p. CXv atlm-]-\n-j-¯m-Ip-¶p.
\memw D]-\ n-j ¯v
1. tZhm l ssh {]Pm-]-Xn-a-{_p-h-¶-\p-ãp-`k - p-
a-{ ´-cm-Pky \mc-knw-l-k ymwK a{´m-t¶m-{_qln
`Kh CXn k tlmhmN {]Pm- ] Xnx {]Whw
kmhn{Xnw bPqÀe£vaow \r knwl kmb{Xnw CXn
CwKm\n Pm\o-bm-Xv. tbm Pm\otX tkm f arXXzw
N KÑXn Hman-tXy-ZZ- -£-c-anZw kÀhw Xtkym-]h - ym-
Jym\w `qX `hZv `hn-jyXv CXn kÀhw HmwImc
Gh b¨m-\rXv {XnIm-em-XoXw XZ]n Hm¦mc Gh
kÀhw tly XZv {_Òm-b-amßm {_Ò-tkm-b-amßm
N Xp- j v]mZv PmK- c n- X - Ø mt\m _l n- { ]Ú x
k]v X mwKx GtIm- \ - h nw- i - X n- a pJx Ø qe- ` pIv
sshizm-\ cx {]Yax ]mZx kz]v\ -Ø mt\ A´-
{]Úx kv] XmwK GtIm\ hnwi-Xnapkx {]hn-
hnà `pIv ssXPtkm ZzXobx ]mtZm, b{X kp]vtX
\ I©\ Imaw Ima-b tX \ I©\ kz]v \ w
]iyXn XXv kpjp]vXw kpjp]vX Øm\ GIo-
`qXx {]Úm-\ -L \ Ghm- \ -µ - a-tbm-] ym-\ - µ -` pIv
tNtXm-apJx {]Ú-kvXr-Xobx ]mZ Gj kÀth-
izcx Gj kÀhÚx Gj A´- c ymao Gj
tbm\nx kÀhky {]`hm ]ybu ln `qXm\mw \
_ln-{]Úw \m´x{]Úw \ {]Úm-\-L-\-a-Zr-
ã-hy-h-l m-c -a-{Km-ly-a-e -£-Wa
- -enw-K-a-N n´v ah-hy-]-
tZ-iy-ta-I m-ß -{]-X y-b-kmcw {]]-t©m-]-i aw inh-
s s ZzX w N X pÀ ° w a\ yt´ k B ß m k
hntÚbx
{_Òm-hn-t\mSv tZh-·mÀ ]dªp: `K-hm-s\, a{´-cm-P-
]dªp Xc-Ww. {_Òmhv ]dªp: {]W-hw, bPpÀe-£van,
- zhpw e`n-¡pw.
Ahn-\m-in-bm-Wv Hmw¦mcw, k¼qÀ® Zriy-{]-]©w
AXnsâ aln-a-b m-Wv. `qX-hÀ¯-am-\`- h
- n-jy-§-fp-ambn
 550

I _Ô-s¸-«-h-sbÃmw Hmw¦m-c-am-Wv. {XnIm-e-¯n \n¶pw K

thZ alXow {inb-a-iv\ptX Hmw \rknw-lmb hnZva-
A¸p-d-¯p-ÅXpw Hm¦mcw Xs¶. AXv `K-hm³ \r-knw- l- tl-h-{P-\-Jmb [oaln Xt¶m knwlx {]tNm-Zb
- mXv
am-W.v \mep ]mZ-§Ä tNÀ¶-h-\m-W-t±-lw. CtXyjm ssh \rknw-l-Km-b{Xn thZm\mw tZhm\mw
\nZm\w `h-Xn. b Ghw thZ k \nZm-\-hm³ `hXn
Pm{K- Z - h - Ø , Ø qe - { ] - ] © w C h- b ps S
tZhm l ssh {]Pm-]-Xn-a-{_p-h-¶Y ssIÀass{´x
Øm\hpw _mly-{]-]-©m-ß-I-amb Úm\-¯nsâ
tZhx kvXpXyx {]otXm `hXn kzmßm\w ZÀi-bXn
tI{µhpw k]v X - t em- I - § - f p- s Sbpw AwKhpw
Xt¶m {_qln `Kh CXn k tlmhmN {]Pm-]Xnx
A©p IÀt½-{µn-b -§ Ä \mev A´xIc-W -§ Ä
Hmw Dw Hmw tbm ssh\r-knwtlm tZthm `K-hm-
C§s\ ]s¯m³]Xp Imcy-§ Ä apJ-a m-b n- «p-
\yÝ {_Òm Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
ÅXpw Øqe-{]-]-©¯ - nsâ t`màmhpw sshizm-
\-c -s \-¶ -\ n-e -b n {]kn-² \pw kÀh-c q-] -\ p-amb (1) Hmw {Kw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZh `K-
Aán `K-hm³ \c-knw-l-¯nsâ {]Y-a-]m-Z-am-Ip-¶p. hm-\yÝ hnjvWp-kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
kz]v\m-h-Øbpw AXn-\m {]`m-hn-X-hp-amb Cu (2) Hmw how Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZh `K-
kq£va-hnizw BcpsS Øm\- am- Wv. BcpsS Bß- Úm\w hm-\rÝ atl-iz-c-kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
{]]-©-¯n hym]n- ¨n-cn-¡p- ¶p. k]vX- tem- I- §epw BcpsS (3) Hmw cw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
apJ-am-Wv, BÀ¡v ]s¯m³]Xv apJ-ap-­v, Bcv kq£va- hm-\yÝ ]pcpj kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
{]-]-©-¯nsâ t`màmhpw ]me-I\ - p-am-W.v A§-s\-bpÅ (4) Hmw aw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
ssXP-k-]p-cp-j³ Xs¶-bmWv \rknw-l-¯nsâ ZznXob hm-\yÝ Cuiz-c-kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
]mZw.
(5) Hmw lmw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm
kpjp-]Xv nbpw {]f-bm-h-Ø bpw BcpsS Øm\-am-W,v `K-hmt\ym kc-kz-cXo Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
BcpsS cq]w L\o-`q-X-hn-Úm-\-am-Wv, BcpsS apJw (6) Hmw lw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
Nn·b {]Im-i-am-W v, B\-µ -a-b-am-W v, A§-s \-bpÅ hm\yx {iokvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
{]mÚ-]p-cp-j³ Xs¶-bmWv \rknw-l-¯nsâ XrXob
(7) Hmw hnjvWpw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm
]mZw. C§s\ {Xn]m-Zb - p-à-\mb ]c-a-in-h³ kI-e-cp-
`K-hm³ bm Kuco Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
sSbpw kzmanbpw kÀh-Ú \pw A´-cym-anbpw BWv. kI-
e-Xn- sâbpw krãn ØnXn kwlm-c-Øm- \hpw AXp Xs¶. (8) Hmw Pzw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
hm³ bm {]Ir Xnkvakvssa ssh \tam \ax
Øqe-kq-£va-Ú\pw {]Úm\w L\o-`h - n-¡m-¯-
(9) Hmw ew Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
h\pw AZr-iy\pw \ncm-Im-c\pw Bb ]qÀ®-{_Ò Xs¶-
hm³ bm hnZym Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
bmWv `K-h m³ \c-knw-l-¯ nsâ NXpÀ°-] m-Z-sa¶v
Úm\n-IÄ ]d-bp-¶p. ap¼v kqNn-¸n¨ \mep ]mZ-§-fnepw (10) Hmw Xw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
Bsc-¸-än-bmtWm hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xv AXv `K-hm³ \c- hm-\yÝ HmwImc kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
knwlw Xs¶. At±-ls¯ a\-Ên-em-¡-Ww. (11) Hmw kw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
hmt\y NX{kx [À½mkvXmkvXkvssa th \tam
2. AY kmhn{Xo Kmb{Xo bm bPpjm t{]màm-
\ax
Xbm kÀh-anZw hym]vXw LrWn-cnXn tZz A£-tc-
kqcy CXn {XoWn BZnXy CXn {XoWn GXZv ssh (12) Hmw hm Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
kmhn-{Xm-k ymãm-£ cw ]Zw {inbm-` n-j nàw b hm³ tb N thZmx kmwKmx k imJmkvX kvssa
Ghw thZ {inbm sslhm-`n-jn-NytX XtZ-ZXv ENm- ssh \tam \ax
`yp-à w-þ-EtNm A£tc ]cta thymav\ y kvan³ (13) Hmw tXm Hmw tbm ssh \rknw-tlm-tZthm `K-
tZhm A[n-hntiz \ntjZpx bkvX¶ thZ-In-arNm hmt\y ]©m-á-b-kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
Icn-jyXn b C¯Zv hnZpkvX Cta-k-am-kX CXn (14) Hmw apw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
\ l hm GX \yÀNm \ bPpjm \ kmav\mÀt°m hm³ bmx k]vX hymlr-X-b-kvXkvssa ssh \tam
f kvXn bx kmhn{Xnw thZ CXn \ax
Hmw `qÀ e£va oÀ`p-h Àe£vaox kphx Ime- (15) Hmw Jw Hmw tbm ssh \rknw-lm-tZthm `K-
IÀWo Xt¶m alm-e £vaox {]tNm- Z-b m-Z n- tXym- hm³ tb Nmãu temI-]m-em-kvXkvssa ssh \tam
jmssh alm-e-£ va oÀbPpx Kmb{Xn NXpÀhnw-i- \ax
Xy-£ cm `hXn Kmb{Xn hm CZw kÀhw bZnZw (16) Hmw \pw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
Inw N XkymZy GXmw alm-e£vaow bmPpjow hm³ tb Nmãu hk-h-kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax

N P
 551
I (17) Hmw knw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm
`K-hm³ tb N cp{Zm-kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(18) Hmw lw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
hm³ tb N BZn-Xy-kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(19) {lnw `ow tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
hm³ tb Nmãu {Klm-kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(20) Hmw jw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
hm³ bm\n ]©-alm `qXm\n Xkvssa ssh Xtam
\ax
(21) Hmw Ww Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
hm-\yÝ Ime-kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(22) Hmw `w Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
hm-\yÝ a\p-kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(23) Hmw {Znw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
hm-\yÝ arXyp-kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(24) Hmw apw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
hm-\yÝ ba-kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(25) Hmw Xypw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm
`K-hm-\yÝ´I -kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(26) Hmw apw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
hm-\yÝ {]mW-kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(27) Hmw Xypw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm
`K-hm-\yÝ kqcy-kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(28) Hmw \w Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
hm-\yÝ tkma-kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(29) Hmw amw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
hm-\yÝ hncmSv ]pcpj-kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(30) Hmw ap Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
hm-\yÝ Poh-kvXkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(31) Hmw lw Hmw tbm ssh \rknwtlm tZthm `K-
hm-\yÝ kÀhw Xkvssa ssh \tam \ax
(32) CXn Xm³ {]Pm- ] Xnx A{_- h oXv GssXx
Zzm{Xnw-iXv ass{´x \nXyw tZhw kvXphtX XtXm
tZhx {]otXm `hXn kzßm\w ZÀi-bXn XkvamZy
GssXÀass{´x \nXyw tZhw kvXuXn k tZhw
]ivXn k kÀhw ]iyXn tkm f arXXzw N KÑ-
Xn. b Ghw thtZXn atlm-]-\n-j-Xv.
ho­pw tZh-·mÀ {_Òm-hn-t\mSv tNmZn¨p: `K-hm-s\,
`K-hm³ \rknw-ls¯ GsX-sX-Ãmw kvtXm{Xw sIm­p
kvXpXn-¨ m-emWv At±-l-¯ nsâ ZÀi\w e`n¡-p ¶-X v.
{_Òmhv ]dªp: apI-fn ]d-b-s¸« ap¸-¯n-c­p kwJy-
bpÅ t{ijvT-a -{´-¯ nsâ ap¸-¯n-c ­p a{´-§ -fmÂ
At±lw {]k-¶-\m-bn- ¯o-cp-¶p. Cu a{µ-§-fm \nXyhpw
At±-ls¯ kvXpXn-¡p-I. A§s\ sNbvXm At±-l-
¯nsâ ZÀi\w e`n-¡pw. Aar-XXzw {]m]n-¡m\pw AXv D]-
N P
I-cn-¡pw. CXv Adn-bp-¶-h\pw ta ]dª ^ew kn²n- K
¡pw. C§s\ atlm-]-\n-j-¯v.
A©mw D]-\ n-j ¯v
1.tZhm l ssh {]Pm-]-Xn-a-{_p-h³ alm-N{Iw \ma-
N{Iw t\m {_qln `Kh CXn kÀh ImanIw tam£-
Zzmcw btZym-Kn\ D]-Zn-i-´n. k tlmhmN {]t`m
]Xnx jUmcw `hXn jSv ]{Xw N{Iw `hXn jUv
hm EXhx EXp`nx kwanXw `hXn a(t[y \m`nÀ`-
hXn \m`ymw hm GtX Acm {]Xn-jvTnXmx ambbm
bm GXXv kÀhw thãnXw `hXn \mßm\w ambm
kv]rKXn XkvamXv ambbm _lnÀ thãnXw `hXn
AY Aãmcw Aã-]Zw N{Iw `h-Xy-ãm-£cm ssh
Kmb-{Xo. Kmb{Xym kwanXw `hXn _lnÀam-bbm
thãnXw `hXn t£{Xw t£{Xw hm ambm Gjm
kw]-ZytX ZzmZ-imcw ZzmZ-i-]{Xw N{Iw `hXn ZzmZ-
im- £ cm ssh PKXn PKXym kwanXw `hXn
_lnÀambw thãnXw `h-Xn. AY tjmU-imcw
tjmU-i-]{Xw N{Iw `hXn tjmUi Item ssh
]pcpjx ]pcpj Gh CZw kÀhw ]pcp- tjW
kwanXw `h-Xn. ambm _lnÀth-ãnXw `h-Xn. AY
Zzm{Xn-i-Zcw Zzm{Xnw kXv ]{Xw N{Iw `h-Xn. Zzm{Xnw-
i-Z-£cm hm A\p-ãp-_-\ p-ãp`w kwanXw `h-Xn.
_lnÀam-bbm thãnXw `hXn AsscÀ hm GXXv
kp_²w `hXn thZm hm GtX Acm ]ss{XÀhm
GXX v kÀ hXx ] cn- { Im- a X n Oµmwkn ssh
]{XmWn
{_Òm-hn-t\mSv ho­pw tZh-·mÀ ]dªp: `K-hm-s\,
A\p-ãp-`-a-{´- cm-Psâ alm-N{Iw F¶p t]cpÅ N{I-s¯-
¡p-dn¨v R§Ä¡v ]dªp Xc-Ww. Cu N{Iw tam£-{]-
Zhpw kÀhm-`n-ã-Zm-b-Ih- p-sa¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. AXp-tI«v
{_Òmhv ]dªp: \n§Ä ]d-ªXv icn-bm- W.v kpZÀi\w
F¶mWv B alm-N-{I-¯nsâ t]cv. CXv Bdv A£-c-§Ä
tNÀ¶-Xm-Wv. CXn Bdv EXp-¡-fp-­v. EXp-¡sf Ac-§-
tfmSv kmZr-iy-s¸-Sp-¯n. N{I-¯nsâ \m`n-bn Cu A£-
c-§Ä LSn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. amb¡v Bßm-hns\ kv]Àin-
¡m³ km[y-a-Ã. AXn-\m amb Cu N{Is¯ shfn-bnÂ
\n¶p sIm­v Bh-cWw sNbvXn-cn- ¡p-¶p. ho­pw F«v Ac-
apÅ Aã-Z-f-N-{I-am-Ip-¶p. Kmb-{Xn¡pw F«p A£-c-ap-
­v. Kmb-{Xn-bp-ambn C§s\ D]-an-¨p. amb-sh-fn-bn \n¶v
hfbw sh¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. ]n¶oSv ]{´­v Ac-§-fpÅ N{I-
am-Ip-¶p. ]{´­v A£-c-§-fpÅ PK-Xn-O-µ-Ên-t\mSv ZzmZ-
i-Z-f-N-{Is¯ kmZr-iy-s¸-Sp-¯n. CXpw amb-bm Bhr-
X-am-Wv. ]Xn-s\«p Zf-§-fpÅ tjmU-imcw D­v. AXv
tjmU-i-I-em-bp-à-am-Wv. \rknw-l-¯n\pw ]Xn-\mdv Ie-
I-fm-Wv. CXns\ km£m `K-hm-s\¶v a\-Ên-em-¡p-I.
]ns¶ ap¸-¯n-c­p Ac-§-fpÅ N{I-am-Ip-¶p. A\p-ãp-
¸nepw ap¸-¯n-c­v A£-c-§-fm-W v. CXpw amb-bmÂ
 552
I _lnÀ`m-K¯p \n¶pw Bth-ãn-X-am-Wv. thZw Xs¶-bm-W,v
Cu N{I-¯nsâ Ac-§Ä. OµÊv Zf-§-fpw BWv. Cu
Zf-§-fm-emWv Id-§p-¶-Xv.
2. GXXv kpZÀi\w alm- N {Iw Xky at[y
\m`ymw XmcIw `hXn bZ- £ cw \mc-k nw- l ta
Im£cw XZv `hXn jSv kp ]t{Xjp jU-£cw
kpZÀi\w `h-Xn. Aãkp ]t{Xjp Aãm-£cw
\mcm-bWw `hXn ZzmZ-iky ]t{Xjp ZzmZ-im-£cw
hmkp-tZhw `hXn tjmU-ikp ]X3-t#jp amXr-
ImZymx k_n-µ pImx tjmU-iI - em `hXn Zzm{Xnw
iÕp-]-t{Xjp Zzm{Xnw-iZ- -£cw a{´-cmPx \mc-knw-
l-a-\p-ãp`w `hXn XZv hm GXXv kpZÀi\w alm-
N {Iw k À h- I m- a nIw tam£ Zzmc - a r Mvabw
bPpÀabw kma-abw {_Ò-abw Aar-X-abw `hXn
Xky ]pc-k vXmXv hkhx Bk-tX. cp{Zmx Z£n-
WXx ]ÝmXv hniz-tZhmx D¯-ctXm {_Ò-hn-jvWp-
a-tl-izcmx \m`ymw kqcy N{µ-aku ]mÀiztbmx
XtZX ZrNm-`ypàw EtNm A£tc ]cta thyma-
\y-kvan³ tZhm A[n hntiz-\n-tjZpx. bkvXw \
thZ InarNm Icn-jy-Xn. b C¯-Zzn-ZpkvX Cta kam-
kX CXn. XtZ-X-·-lm-N{Iw _mtem hm bphm hm
thZ k alm³ `h-Xn. k KpcpÀ`-hXn k kÀth
jmw a{´mWmw D]-tZãm `h-Xy-\p-ãp`m tlmaw
Ipcym-X v-A - \ p-ã p-` mÀ¨\w XtZ-X Xv ct£mLv\ w
arXyp-X m-c Iw KpcptXm e_v[w IWvtT _mlu
inJmbmw hm _[v\oXx k]vX Zzo]-hXn `qanx Z£n-
Wm- ² - \ mh Iev ] tX Xkv a mXv {i²bm bmw
ImwNnXv AZymXv km Z£nWm `h-Xn.
3. tZhm l ssh {]Pm-]Xn a{_p-¶m-\p-ãp-`ky
a{´-cm-Pky ^ew t\m {_qln `Kh CXn ktlm-
hmN {]Pm-]Xnx b GXw N a{´-cmPw \mc-knw-l-
a-\ p-ã p`w \nXy-a-[ otX tkm f án]qtXm `hXn
k hmbp-]qtXm `hXn k BZnXy ]qtXm `hXn
k tkma-]qtXm `hXn k kXy-]qtXm `hXn k
{_Ò-] qtXm `hXn k hnjvWp ]qtXm k cp{Z
]qtXm `hXn k thZ- ] qtXm `hXn k kÀh
]qtXm `h-Xn.
N P
kpZÀi\w F¶ t]cn Adn-b-s¸-Sp¶ alm-N{Iw
K
ap¸-¯n-c­p Zf-§-epÅ Cu N{Iw Xs¶-bm-Wv. CXnsâ
a[y-¯nse \m`n-bn `K-hm³ \c-knw-ls¯ kw_-Ôn-
¡p¶ Xmc-I-a-{´- \ymkw sN¿-Ww. B XmcI a{´w GIm-
£cw am{Xw tNÀ¶-Xm-Wv. B Zf-§-fn Bdv A£-c-apÅ
kpZÀi-\-a-{´- \ymkw sN¿-Ww. F«p Zf-§-fn F«-£- c-
apÅ \mcm-bW - -a-{´hpw ]{´­p Zf-§-fn ZzmZ-im-£- cn-
bmb hmkp-tZ-h-a-{´hpw \ymkw sNt¿-­- Xp-­.v ]Xn- \mdp
Zf-§-fn ]Xn-\mdv A£-c-§Ä D­v. ap¸-¯n-c­p Zf-§-
fn a{´- cm-P-\ mb A\p-ã p-¸ns\ \ymkw sN¿-W w.
kpZÀi- \m-`n- [- amb Cu alm- N{Iw hn{ip-X- am-Wv. CXv kÀhm-
`n-ã-{]-Zhpw apàn Zmb-I-hp-am-Ip-¶p. E¡v bÖp-Ê,v kmaw
F¶n-h-bpsS km£m cq]hpw Aar-X-a-b-am-Wv. CXnsâ
Ing¡p `mK¯v Aã-tZ-h-·mcpw sX¡v GIm-Z-i-cp-{Z-·mcpw
hkn-¡p- ¶p. \m`n- bn {_Òm- hnjvWp atl-iz-c-·mcpw Ccp
]mÀiz-§-fnepw kqcy-N-{µ-·mcpw IpSn sImÅp-¶p.
E¡n C§s\ {]Xn-]m-Zn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. `K-hm³ \c-
knwlw ]c-a-thym-a-cq-]nbpw Ahn-\m-in-bp-am-Wv. At±-l-
¯n kÀh-th-Z-§epw IpSn-sIm-Åp-¶p. At±-l-¯nÂ
kÀh-tZ-h-·mcpw {]Xn-jT v n-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. `K-hm³ \c-knw-
ls¯ Adn-bm-¯-h\v EtKz-Zm-[ym-b\w sIm­v ^e-an-Ã.
`K-hm³ \c-knw-l-s¯bpw At±-l-¯nsâ N{I-s¯bpw
Adn-bp-¶-h³ ]c-{_-Ò-¯n ØnXn sN¿p-¶p. Cu alm-
N-{Is¯ _met\m bphmthm ]Tn-¨mepw alm-\m-bn-¯o-
cpw. a{´-cm-P-\mb A\p-ãp-¸n-\m Xs¶ ]qPbpw tlma
hpw \S-¯-Ww. alm-N{Iw cm£-k-·m-cn \n¶p-­m-Ip¶
`b-¯n \n¶v c£ \ÂIp-¶p. CXv arXyp-hns\ AI-äp-
¶p. Kpcp-hn \n¶pw CXns\ b{´-cq-]-¯n kzoI-cn¨v
Igp¯v inJ ssIbv F¶n-h-bn [cn-¡p-I. Cu at{´m-]-
tZiw Xcp¶ Kpcp-hn\v Z£n- W-bm-bn, `qan apgp-h³ sImSp-
¯mepw AXv A[n-Ia - n-Ã.
{_Òm-hn-t\mSv Ah³ ho­p tNmZn¨p: `K-hm-s\, Zb-
hmbn A\p-ãp-s¸¶ hnin-ã-a-{´-¯nsâ ^e-s¯-¸än ]d-
bp-I. \nXyhpw Cu a{´w P]n-¡p¶ hyàn Xobn ]gp-
¸n-s¨-Sp¯ kzÀ®w t]mse-bm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah³ kÀh-
hn-[-¯nepw ]cn-ip-²-\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p.
\rknw-l-]qÀh-Xm-]n-\yp-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.-
 553

I K
1 \rknw-l-jvS-N-t{Im-]-\n-j¯v 3
Hmw. tZhm l ssh kXyw temI-am-bwkvXw ¯p. BZy-t¯Xv A´-cw, c­m-a-t¯Xv a[y-aw, aq¶m-a-
{]Pm-]X - n-a-]r-ѳ \mc-knw-l-N-{It¶m {_qlo-Xn. t¯Xv _mlyw C§s\ hebw aq¶m-Wv. CXn a[ya
Xm³ {]Pm]-XnÀ\mc-knw-l-N -{I-a-thm-N -Xv. jUv _oPw \mc-knwl Kmb-{Xn-bm-Wv. _mlyw B a{´-hpw.
ssh \mc-knw-lm\n N{ImWn `h-´n. bXv {]Yaw B´-ch - e
- bw F{X-bm-sW-¶m-sW-¦n þ B´c he-b-
X¨-Xp-c-cw, bZzn-Xobw X¨-Xp-c-cw, b¯r-Xobw XZ- §-fpsS kwJy Bdm-Wv. BZy-t¯Xv \mc-knwlw c­m-a-
jvSm-cw, NXv NXpÀ°w XXv ]©m-cw, bZvjjvTw t¯Xv alm-e£vayw aq¶m-a-t¯Xv kmc-kzXw \mev
XZ-j v S m- c w, XtZ- X m\n jtUh \mc- k nw- l m\n {]Whw A©v t{Im[w \mc-knw-l-h-eb - -§Ä¡v Bdv
N{ImWn `h-´n. B´-c-h-e-b-§-fp-ap-­v.
AX Im\n \mam\n `h-´n. bXv {]Yaw XZm AY Inw a[ya hebw jUv ssh a[y-am\n
N{Iw, bZv ZznXobw XXv kpN-{Iw, b¯r-Xobw X·- he-bm\n `h-´n. b¶m-c-knw-lmb XXv {]Y-aky
lm-N{- Iw, b¨-XpÀ°w XXv kI-et- emI c£-W- bZzn-Za
v -tl, XZvZzn-Xo-bky bZz-{P\Jmb, XrXo-bky
N-{Iw, bZv ]©aw XZyp-X-N-{Iw, bZv jjvTw XZ b²o-a-ln, X¨-XpÀ°ky bkvX¶ - -kvX -Xv, ]©-
kpcm-´ -I -N {Iw XtZ- X m\n jtUh \mc- k nwl aky bXv knwlx {]tNm-Z-Z-bm-ZnXn XXv jjvTky
N{I-\m-am\n `h-´n. XtZ-X m\n j®mw \mc-knw-l N{ImWmw j¬a-
[y-am\n he-bm\n `h-´n.
AY Im\n {XoWn he- bm\n `h- ´ n. bXv
{]Yaw XZm-´c- -h-ebw `h-Xn, bZzn-Xobw X·-[y-h- AY Inw _mlyw hebw? jUv ssh _mlym-
ebw `h-Xn, bZv XrXobw XZv _mly-he - bw `h- \n-he- -bm\n `h-´n. bZm-N{Iw bZmßm XXv {]Y-a-
Xn. XtZ-Xm\n {XotWytX he-bm\n `h-´n. bZm ky, XXv kpN{Iw bXv {]nbmßm XZv ZznXo-b-ky,
btZ-XZv _oP b·-[yaw Xmw \mc-knw-ly-Km-b-{Xn, b·lm N{Iw, bPvtPym-Xn-cmßm XXv XrXo-b-ky,
bZv _mlyw X·-{´w. XXv kI-eky temI-c£ - Ww N{Iw b·m-bm-ßm-
X-¨X- pÀ°-k y, bZm{Iw btZym-Kmßm XXv ]©-
AY Ina-´cw hebw jU-´-cmWn he-bm\n
aky bZ-kp-cm-´I N{Iw. bXv kXymßm jjvT-
`h- ´ n. b¶m- c - k nwlw XXv {]Y- a mX b·lm
ky. XtZ-Xm\n j®mw \mc-knwl N{ImWmw jUv
e£yw, XZv ZznXo-b -k y, bXv kmc- k z-X w. XXv
_mlym\n he-bm\n `h-´n.
XrXo-b-ky, bky bXv Imaw tZh-X-Ý-Xp-c yky
bXv {]W-hx XXv ]©aky XXv t{Im[ ZP-bXw a[ya he-b-§Ä F{X-bmWv? B tNmZy-¯n\p¯c-
XXv jjv T ky XtZ- X m\n j®mw \mc- k nwl ambn {]Pm-] Xn ]dªp:þ a[y-¯ nse he-b-§-fpsS
N{ImWmw jU-´-cmWn he-bm\n `h-´n. kwJybpw Bdm-Wv. H¶m-at- ¯-Xnsâ "\mc-knw-l- -lmb',
c­m-a-t¯-X nsâ "hnZva tl', aq¶m-a-t¯-X nsâ "h{P
tZh-·mÀ, kXy-kz-cq-]\pw hym]-I-temI ]nXm-hp- amb \Jmb' \mem-at- ¯-Xnsâ "[naln', A©nsâ "X¶',
{]Pm- ]- Xn- tbm-Sv-, R§Ä¡v \mc- knw-l-N- {I-¯nsâ D]-tZiw Bdnsâ "{]tNm-Z-bmXv' F¶pw Ch-bmWv \mc-knwl he-
\ÂI-Ws - a¶v ]d-ªp. AhÀ¡v {]Pm-]Xn \mc-knw-l- b-¯sâ Bdv N{I-§Ä. _mly-h-eb - -§Ä GsXm-s¡-
N{Iw D]-tZ-in-¨p. AXnsâ Npcp¡w CXm-Wv. \mc-knwl bm-sW-¦n BXn\v _mly he-b-§fpw Bdm-sW¶v adp-
N{Iw Bdp {]Im-c-¯n-em-Wv. BZys¯ N{Iw \mev Ac- ]Sn sImSp-¯p.
ap-Å-Xm-Wv. c­m-a-t¯Xpw \mev Ac-ap-Å-Xm-W.v aq¶m-a-
B N{Ihpw Bßmhpw H¶m-at- ¯-Xnsâ:þ kpN-
t¯Xv F«v Ac-ap-Å-Xv, \mem-a-t¯Xv A©v Ac-ap-Å-Xv.
{Ihpw {]nbm-ßmhpw c­m-a-t¯-Xnsâ: alm-Nv{Ihpw
A©m-a-t¯-Xn\pw A©v Ac-am-W.v Bdm-a-t¯-Xn F«p
tPymXn-cm-ßmhpw aq¶m-a-t¯-Xnsâ; kIe temI-c-£Ww
Ac-§-fp-­v. C§s\ \mc-knw-l-N-{I-§Ä BdmWv Ah-
ambmßm Ch ASp-¯-Xnsâ; Akp-cm-´-N{Iw kXym-ß,
bpsS t]cv F´m-sW-¶m-sW-¦nÂ-þ-{]-Pm-]Xn hni-Zo-I-cn-
Ch ASp-¯-Xnsâ; C§s\ \mc-knwl N{I-¯n\v Bdv
¨p. H¶m-at- ¯Xv B N{Iw, c­m-a-t¯Xv kpN-{Iw, a¶m-
_mly- h-e-b-§-fm-W.v
a-t¯Xv alm-N{- Iw, \mem-a-t¯Xv kIe temI-c-£-Ww,
A©m-a-t¯Xv ZyqX- N- {Iw, Bdm-a-t¯Xv Akp- cm- ´I N{I- ssIzXm\n \ykm\n? bXv {]Yaw XZvlr-Z-tb,
hpw. CXmWv Bdv \mc-knw-l-N-{I-§Ä. Ah-bpsS aq¶p- bZv ZznXobw XÑn-ck - n, bXv XrXobw XXv inJm-
h-e-b-§Ä GsX¶p tNmZn-¨-Xn\v C§s\ adp-]Sn sImSp- bmw, bXv NXpÀ°w XÕÀhmw-tKjp bXv ]©aw

N P
 554
I XXv kÀthjp bXv jjvTw XXv kÀth-jp-tZ-ti-
jp. GXm\n \mc-knw-lm\n N{ImWn GtXjzw
tKjp _n`r-bmXv X kym\p-jvSp]v kn²y-Xn. Xw
`K-h m³ \rknwlx {]ko-Z Xn Xky ssIheyw
kn²y-Xn. Xky kÀth temImx kn²y´n Xky
kÀth P\mx kn²y-´n. Xkvam tZXm\n j®mw
\mc- k nw- l -N - { Im- W yw- t Kjp \ykym\n `h- ´ n.
] h n{X w G X - ¯ k y \ y k - \ w. \ y k - \ mÂ
\rknwlx B \µo `h- X n. IÀ½tWym `hXn
{_ÒtWy `h-Xn. A\ym-km-\m¶ \rknw lm\Zo
`hXn k IÀ½tWym `h- X n. Xkv a mtZ XXv
]hn{Xw Xkym-\y-k\ - w.
tbm hm GXw \mc- k nwlw N{I- a - [ otX
kkÀthjp thtZ-j[ - otXm `h-Xn. kx kÀthjp
btÚjp bmPtIm `hXn. k kÀthjp XoÀ°
jp kv\mtXm `hXn kÀtÆjp at{´jp knt²m
`h-Xn. k kÀh{X ipt²m `h-Xn. `qX ]nimN
imIn\o t{]X \XmI \mitIm `h-X n. XtZ-X -
¶m{i ±p[m-\ mb {]{_q-bm¯ tZX-¶ m-{i-² mb
1 ]©- { _- t Òm- ] - \ n- j ¯v 3
im´n]mTw
Hmw. kl \mhhXp. kl \u `p\àp. kl
hocyw Ichmhssl tXPkzn\mh[oXakv X p.
amhn hnZznjm hssl. Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx
]c{_Òw R§Ä c­pt]scbpw Hcpan¨v c£n
¡tW. AXv R§Ä c­pt]scbpw Hcpan¨v ]cn]men¡
tW. R§Ä c­pt]cpw Hcpan¨v IgnhpIÄ t\StW.
R§Ä ]ckv]cw hntZzjw hln¡m³ CSbmImXncn
¡tW.
1. lcn Hmw. AY ss]¸emtZm `Khm³ t`m Inam
Zu Inw PmXanXn. ktZymPmXanXn. Inw `Kh CXn.
AtLmc CXn. Inw. `Kh CXn. hmatZh CXn.
Inw. hm ]p\cnta `Kh CXn. XXv]pcpj CXn Inw
hm ]p\cnta `Kh CXn. kÀthjmw Znhym\mw
t{]cbnXm Cui B\ CXn. Cuimt\m `qX`hy
ky kÀthjmw tZhn tbm\n\mw.
N P
{]{_q-bm-Zn-Xn. K
Ch FhnsS shbv¡Ww? Ch-bpsS \ymkw F§s\
A\p-jvTn-¡Ww?þ Cu tNmZy-¯n\p D¯cw \ÂI-s¸«p
þ BZy-s¯Xv lrZ-b-¯nÂ; c­m-a-t¯Xv inc-ÊnÂ; aq¶m-
a-t¯Xv inJ-bnÂ; \mem-a-t¯Xv FÃm AwK-§-fnepw Cu
N{Iw [cn-¡p-¶h- À¡v A\p-jvSp]v kn²n-bp-­m-Ip-¶p.
Ah-cn `K-hm³ \rknwlw {]k-¶ -\m-b n-¯o-cp-¶p.
AhÀ¡pw kIe temIhpw kn²-am-Ip-¶p. kI-ecpw
Ahsc am\n-¡p-¶p. CXv [cn-¡p-¶-hÀ IÀ½-Wy\pw {_Ò-
Úm-Xm-hp-ambn `hn-¡p-¶p. \mc-knwl N{Iw A[y-b\w
sN¿p-¶h - ³ kIe thZ-§-fp-sSbpw A[y-b\ IÀ¯m-
hm-Ip-¶p. AbmÄ kIe bÚ-§-fp-sSbpw bmÚn-I-
\mbn KWn-¡-s¸-Spw. kIe a{´-§-fp-sSbpw kn²n ssIh-
cp-¶p. `qX-§Ä t{]X-§Ä ]nim-Np-¡Ä Ch-sbm¶pw
Ahs\ D]-{Z-hn-¡n-söp Xs¶-bà Ah\v Ahsb
AI-äm-\pÅ iànbpw ssIh-cp-¶ p. Cu \mc-knwl
N{Is¯ kw_-Ôn-¡p¶ D]-tZiw {i²m-lo-\-·mÀ¡v
\ÂI-cp-Xv.
\rknwl jSvN-t{Im-]-\n-j¯v kam-]vXw.
Hcp L«¯n imIe³ ss]¸emZt\mSv tNmZn¨p?þ-
""`Khms\, BZyw D­mbXv F´mWv?'' ss]¸emZ³
]dªpþ ""ktZym PmXsa¶ {_ÒamWv BZyap­mbXv''.
imIe³þ""aäp hÃhcpapt­m?'' ss]¸emZ³þD­v
hmatZh\v''. AXptI«v C{Xbpw t`Zta DtÅm F¶v
imIe³ tNmZn¨t¸mÄ "AÃ XXv ]pcpj³ F¶p
t]cpff asämcp t`Zaps­¶pw ss]¸emZ³ ]dªp.
At¸mÄ ""A§s\ \mep t`Z§emWtÃ?'' F¶v im-
Ie³ tNmZn¨p''. Aà kIe tZh·mÀ¡pw t{]cIamb
Cuim\³ Fs¶mcp t`Zw IqSpbp­v CXp Xs¶bmWv
FÃm `qX`hnjy§Ä¡pw kIe tZhtbm\nIÄ¡pw
imkIambncn¡p¶Xv'. F¶v ss]¸emZ³ ]dªp.
2. IXn h˨mx IXnt`Zmx
IXniàbx bXv kÀhw
XZv Kplyw.
 555

I ""CXn\v F{X hÀ®§Ä D­v? F{X t`Z§fp­v? 11. {]k¶w kmathZmJym K

F{X iànIfp­v? CsXÃmw clkyamWv. \m\mjvSI ka\znXm
3. Xkvs sa \tam almtZhmb almcp{Zmb [ockzca[o\, Nmþ
4. t{]mhmN Xkvssa `Khm³ atlix lh\oba\p¯aw
12. Úm\ kwlmckwbpàw
5. tKm]ymZv tKm]yXcw temtI
iàn Zzb ka\znXw
bZykvXn irWp imIe
hÀ®w ip¢w Xtam an{iw
ktZymPmXw alo ]qjm
]qÀ® t_m[Icw kzbw
cam {_Òm {XnhrXv kzcx
13. \a{Xb \nb´mcw
6. EtKztZm KmÀlhXzw N
[ma{Xb ka\znXw
a{´mx k]vX kzcmkvXYm
kÀhku`mKyZw \rWmw
hÀ®w ]oXw {Inbm iànx
kÀhIÀ½ ^e{]Zw
kÀhm `ojvS ^e{]Zw. 14. AjvSm£c kambpà
alm cp{Z³ F¶p t]cpff Cu alm tZh\v \a ajvS ]{Xm´c ØnXw
kvImcw. atli³ ss]¸emZ\v Cu D]tZi§Ä \ÂIn.
hmatZh\pw al¯mb t_m[w \ÂIp¶h\pw
imIe, temI¯v AXnclkyambXv tIÄ¡pI. AXv
Aáncq]\pw hnZym{]ImibpX\pw \qdptImSn kqcysâ
ktZymPmXamWv. AXn\v kIe A`ojvS§fpw sImSp¡p
{]`bpffh\pw kp{]k¶\pw kmathZsa¶v t]cpff
¶ alo]qjm ca {_Òm {XnhrXv, AImcmZn kzc§Ä
h\pw kmathZ{]Xn]mZnXamb k]vvX kzc§fpw `cX.
EtKzZw, KmÀl]Xymán, \ax inhmb F¶ ]©m£cw
imkv{X\njv]¶amb KoXnbpw tNÀ¶h\pw [ockzcm[o
k, cn, K, a, ], [, \n, F¶o k]vX kzc§Ä ]oX hÀ
\\pw Blh\ob Úm\w kwlmc iàn Ch tNÀ¶h
®w {Inbmiàn F¶n§s\ At\Iw cq]§Ä D­v.
\pw BWv B alm³. At±lw shfp¯ \ndapffh\pw
7. AtLmcw kenew N{µw XtamKpWbpà\pw ]qÀ®Úm\ IÀ¯mhpw [ma{Xb
Kuco thZ ZznXobIw \nb´mhpw [ma{Xbm\znX\pw kÀh ku`mKyhpw
\ÂIp¶h\pw kIe IÀ½§Ä¡pw ^ew \ÂIp¶-
\ocZm`wkzcw km{µw
h\pw A, I, N, S, X, ], b,i Cu A£c§Ä tNÀ¶h
Z£nWmáncpZmlrXw \pw lrZb¯nepff AjvSZf Iae¯n \nhkn¡p¶
8. ]©miZv hÀ® kmbpàw h\pamIp¶p.
ØnXncnÑm {Inbm\znXw 15. b¯¯Xv ]pcpjw t{]màw
iàn c£W kwbpàw hmbpaWvU e kwhrXw
kÀhmLuLhn\mi\w ]©mán\m kambpà,
9. kÀhZpjvS {]ih\w a{´iàn \nbmaIw
kÀsshizcy ^e{]Zw 16. ]©mKXv kzc hÀ®m hymþ
aYthZ kzcq]Iw
AtLmcw Pew Nµw Kucn kmathZw \ocZmZw kzcw
tImSn tImSn KWm[y£w
km{µw Z£nWmán F¶nh AtLmc¯nsâ kzcq]§
fmWv. Chbpw A¼Xv A£c§tfmSp IqSnbXpw ØnXn {_ÒmWv UmJWvU hn{Klw
CÑ {Inbmiàn F¶nhtbmSpIqSnbXpw Xsâ k¦ev] 17. hÀ®w càw ImaZw N
iànbpsS kwc£Wt¯mSp IqSnbXpamb AtLmc kzcq]w kÀhym[n hym[n t`jPw
kIe ]m]§fpw \in¸n¡p¶Xpw kIe ZpjvS·mscbpw
krjv Sn ØnXn ebm Zo\mw
ian¸n¡p¶Xpw kÀsshizcyhpw \ÂIp¶XpamWv.
ImcWw kÀh iàn [rIv
10. hma tZhw almt_m[ 18. AhØm{Xn Xbm XoXw
ZmbIw ]mhImßIw Xpcobw {_Ò kwÚnXm
hnZymtemI kambpàaw {_Ò hnjvWzmZn`n. tkhyw
`m\ptImSn k{a{]`w kÀthjmw P\Iw ]cw.
N P
 556

I Rm³ kqNn¸n¨ XXv ]pcpj³ hmbp aWvUe 24. \ kmZrti XnjvSXn cq]aky K
kwhrX\pw ]©mánbn kathjvSnX\pw a{´iànsb ]cmXv]cw ]pcpjw hniz[ma
\nb{´n¡p¶h\pw kzchyRvP \mßIamb A¼Xv
A£c§tfmSp IqSnbh\pw AYÀh thZkzcq]\pw 25. tb\ {]ImitX hnizw
tImSm\ptImSn KW§Ä¡v A[y£\pw {_ÒmWvUm bss{Xh {]hneobtX
JWvU hn{Kl\pw Nph¶ \ndapffh\pw Ima ZmXmhpw XZv {_Ò ]caw im´w
kIe B[nIfpw hym[nIfpw \in¸n¡p¶h\pw krjvSn
XZv {_Òmkvan ]cw ]Zw
ØnXn kwlmcImcI\pw kÀh iàn [mcnbpw
AhØm{XbmXoX\pw Xpcob\pw {_Òm F¶v t]tcmSp 26. ]© {_Ò ]cw hnZymXv
IqSnbh\pw {_Òmhv hnjvWp apXembhcm tkhn¡- ktZymPmXmZn ]qÀhIw
s¸Sp¶Xpw kIe¯nsâbpw ]nXmhpamIp¶p. ZriytX {iqbtX b¨
19. Cuim\mw ]caw hnZymXv ]©{_ÒmßIw kzbw
t{]cIw _p²n km£nbpw 27. ]©[mhÀ¯am\w Xw
BImimßI ahyàþ {_ÒImcyanXn kvarXw
tamwImckzc `qjnXw {_ÒImcyanXn ÚmXzm
20. kÀhtZhabw im´w Cuim\w {]Xn ]ZytX
im´yXoXw kzcmZv _lnx
28. ]© {_ÒmßIw kÀhw
AImcm Zn kzcm [y£þ
kzmß\n {]hnem]y N
amImiab hn{Klw
tkm f l kvaoXn Pm\obXm
21. ]© IrXy \nb´mcw
ZznZzm³ {_ÒmSartXm `thXv
]©{_ÒmßIw _rlXv
]©{_tÒm]kwlmcw 29. CtXyXXv {_Ò Pm\obmþ
IrXzm kzmß\n kwØnXx Zyx k aptàm \ kwibx
22. kz ambm ssh `hm³ kÀhm³ 30. ]©m£cabw iw`pw
kwlrXy kzmß\n ØnXx ]© {_ÒW cq]nWw
]© {_ÒmßImXotXm \ Imcm Znb Imcm´w
`mktX kzkz tXPkm ÚmXzm ]©m£cw Pt]Xv
BZmht´ N at[y N i¦csâ ambbm tamlnXcmIbm kIetZh
`mktk \m\y tlXp \m ·mcpw PKZv Kpcphpw kIe ImcWImcW `qX\pamb
almtZhs\ Adnbp¶nÃ. hniz{]ImiI\mb B
Cuim\\pw kIecpsSbpw _p²n km£nbpw
]cmXv]c]pcpjsâ cq]w I®pIÄ¡v hnjbaÃ. Bcp
BImi kzcq]\pw Ahyà\pw Hm¦mc kzc`qjnX\pw
aqeamtWm Cu hnizw {]IminXambXv FhnsSbmtWm
kÀhtZhab\pw im´\pw im´n¡pw AXoX\pw
hnebw {]m]n¡p¶Xv, B {_Òw ]caim´amWv. Rm³
kzc§fm AwKhy\pw AImcm Zn kzc§Äs¡Ãmw
A[y£\pw krjvSn XpS§nb ]©IrXy§fpsSsbÃmw B ]ca ]Zkzcq]³ Xs¶. ktZymPmXmZnIÄ B
\nbmaI\pw kÀhhym]nbpw ]© {_Ò kzcq]\pw {_Òw Xs¶. Cu {]]©¯n ImWs¸Sp¶Xpw tIÄ
]©{_tÒm]kwlmcw sNbvXv kzmßmhn ØnXnsN ¡s¸Sp¶XpsaÃmw ]© {_ÒmßIw Xs¶. A©p
¿p¶h\pw Xsâ ambm ssh`h¯m kÀhhpw kwl- kzcq]§fn hÀ¯n¡p¶ AXv {_Òw Xs¶. {_Ò
cn¨v kzmß ØnX\mbncn¡p¶h\pw BZna[ym´- sa¶dnªv Cuim\s\ {]m]n¡pI. Úm\n B ]©
§fnepw asämcp ImcWhimepw `mknXamIm¯h\pw {_ÒmßIs¯ Bßmhn hnebn¸n¨v Rm³ B
F¶m kzbw {]Imi\pw kzbw `qhpamIp¶p. ]c{_Òw Xs¶. AXnsâ kzcq]w Rm³ Xs¶ F¶v
a\Ênem¡nbm {_Òm\µmhrXm kzmZI\mbn¯ocpw.
23. ambbm tamlnXmx iwt`mÀ
C§s\ {_Ò kzcq]s¯ Xncn¨dnªh³ apà\mbn
alm tZhw PKZv Kpcpw `hn¡p¶p. ]©m£cab\pw ]c{_Ò kzcq]nbpamb
\ Pm\´n kpcmx kÀth iw`phns\ a\Ênem¡n \aÈnhmb F¶ a{´w P]n
kÀhImcW ImcWw ¡pI.

N P
 557

I 31. kÀhw ]©mßIw hnZymXv 38. X{Zt]W kZm kXyw K

]© {_Òmß XXzXx t`tZt\mànÀ hrjm Jep
32. ]© {_ÒmßInw hnZymw X¨ ImcW taIw ln
tbm f [otX `àn `mhXx \ `n¶w t\m `bmßIw
k ]©mßIXm taXy 39. t`Zx kÀh{X anssYyh
[À½m t`Z \ncq]WmXv
`mktX ]©[m kzbw
BXÝ ImcWw \nXyþ
33. Gh apàzm almtZthm
taItahm Zzbw Jep
Kmehky almß\x
40. A{X ImcWa ssZzXw
Ir]mw ]Imc Xss{Xh
ip² ssNX\y tah ln
kzm´À [o aKhXv kzbw
Akvan³ {_Ò ]tc thiy
34. bky {ihW amt{XWmþ Zlcw b ZnZw apt\
{ipXtah {ipXw `thXv 41. ]pWvU coIw Xp X·t[y
AaXw NaXw ÚmX BImtim Zltcm f kvXn XXv
a hnÚmXw N imIew k inhx k¨nZm\µx
35. GtIss\h Xp ]nWvtU\ tkm f t\zjvSthym apap£p `ox
hr¯nImb ÝKuXa 42. Abw lrZnØnXx km£n
hnÚmXw ar¬abw kÀhw kÀthjma hntijXx
arX`n¶w ln ImcyIw tX\mbw lrZbw t{]màx
Ãm hkv Xp¡fpw ]©{_ÒmßIsa¶p IcpXn inhx kwkmctamNIx
kÀh{X {]]© {_ÒXXzw ImWWw. `àntbmsS ]© CXyp]\njXv
{_Òmß I hnZy A`ykn¡ p¶ a\pjy³ kzbw Ccp¼nsâ Hcp IjWw icn¡v a\Ênem¡nbmÂ
]©{_Ò kzcq]\mbn ]©{_Ò kmbqPyw {]m]n¡p aäv Ccp¼n³ ]ZmÀ°§fpsSbpw tNcph a\Ênem¡mw.
¶p. C§s\ almtZh³ almßmhmb Kmeh\v D]tZ \Jw apdn¡p¶ I¯n a\Ênem¡nbm FÃm I¯nI
in¨v Ah\n ZbtXm¶n Bß eo\\mbn `hn¨p. sf¸änbpw {Kln¡mw. cq]w amdnbmepw auenI ]ZmÀ°
CXnsâ kzcq]alnasb¸än tI«m tIÄ¡m¯Xpw ¯n\v amäanÃtÃm, ImcW¯n \n¶v A`n¶amb Imcyw
tI«XmIpw. Adnbm¯Xpw AdnªXpamb FÃm ImcWcq]w Xs¶bmWv hkvXpX cq]sa¶v IcpXnbmÂ
hn[Úm\hpw ssIhcp¶p. AÚmXamb kn²m´ AXv AkXyamWv. Fs´¶m kÀhImcy§fpsSbpw
Úm\hpw IcKXamIp¶p. Htc Hcp arXv]nWvUw sIm­v Imcaw H¶p Xs¶. AXv `n¶tam D`bmßItam AÃ.
hrXvJ WvU `n¶aÃm¯ kIe hkvX p¡fpsSbpw FÃm Øm\§fnepw ImWs¸Sp¶ t_Z{]XoXn¡p
Úm\w ssIhcpatÃm. Imcyw ImcW¯n \n¶pw ImcWw [À½ \ncq]W t`Zw am{Xw. AXn\m bYmÀ
A`n¶amWtÃm. ]©{_Ò Úm\w sIm­v kÀh °¯n ImcWw H¶p Xs¶bmWv. AXv c­masX¶m
hkvXp¡fpsSbpw Úm\w kwkn²amIp¶p. Im³ XcanÃ. NcmNcmßamb Cu hniz¯n\p ImcWw
ip²ssNX\y kzcq]amb AssZzXw Xs¶, {_Ò¯nsâ
36. GtI\ temlaWn\m \nhmkØm\amb icoc¯n ZlZw F¶p t]cpÅ
kÀhw temlabw bYm lrZb Krl¯n Iaesa¶p ]dbs¸Sp¶ AXnÂ
hnÚmXw kymZssYtI\ ZlcmImiw ØnXnsN¿p¶p. apap£p¡fmb km[I·mÀ
k ¨ nZm \µk zcq ]\m b B i nhs \¯ s ¶bm Wv
\Jm\mw Ir´t\\ N
A\pkÔm\w sNt¿­Xv. inh³ kÀhZm lrZb¯nÂ
37. kÀhw ImÀjvW ymb kwÚmXw ØnXnsN¿p¶ \nÀhntij cq]¯n kIe¯n\pw
X Z `n¶w kz`mhXx km£nbmWv. AXn\m lrZbs¯¯s¶ inhkzcq
]sa¶v IcpXpI. Cu lrZbw Xs¶bmWv kwkmctamN
ImcWm`n¶ cqt]W
Iambn hÀ¯n¡p¶Xv.
Imcy ImcW tah ln
]©{_tÒm]\nj¯v kam]n¨p.
N P
 558
I K
1 ss]wK-tem-]-\n-j¯v
im´n- ] mTw
Hmw ]q˨-aZx ]q˨-an-Zw. ]q˨mXv ]q˨p-
Z-Ny-tX. ]q˨ky ]q˨-am-Zmb ]q˨-ta-hhm h
injy-tX.
Cu ]c-{_Òw ]qÀ®-am-Wv. Cu {]]-©hpw ]qÀ®-
am- W.v Cu ]qÀ® {_Ò-¯n \n¶pw Cu ]qÀ® {]]©w
D­m-bn. Cu ]qÀ®-¯n \n¶pw ]qÀ®-sa-Sp-¯mepw
]qÀ®w Xs¶ Ah-ti-jn-¡p-¶p. Hmw. im´nx im´nx
im´nx
H¶m-a-[ymbw
1. AY l ss]wKtem bmÚ-h-evIy-ap-]k - t- aXy
ZzmZ-i-hÀj-ip-{iq-jm-]qÀhIw ]c-a-c-lky ssIh-
ey-a -\ p-{_p-l oXn ]{]-Ñ . k tlmhmN bmÚ-
hevIyx ktZh tkmtay Za{K Bko-Xv. X¶nXy
apà-a -h n-{Inbw kXy- Ú m-\ m-\ µw ]cn-] qÀ®w
k\m-X-\-ta-It- a-hm-Zzn-Xobw {_Ò Xkvan³ acp-ip-
àn-Im-ØmWp kv^Sn-ImZu Pe-cu-ly-]p-cp-j-tc-
Jm-Zn-ht- Ãm-lnX ip¢ IrjvW-Kp-W-abo KpW-km-
aym-\nÀhmNym aqe {]Ir-Xn-cm-ko-Xv. XXv {]Xn-_nw-
_nXw b¯Xv km£n- s sN- X \y amko- X v . km
]p\Àhn-IrXnw {]m]y ktXzm-{anàm hyàmJym-
h-c -W-iàn cmko-Xv. XXv {]Xn-_nw-_nXw b¯
Zoiz-c -ssN-X-\y-a m-ko-Xv. k kzm[o-\-ambx kÀh
Úx krjvSn-Øn-Xn-eb - m-\m-am-Zn-IÀ¯m PK-Zw-¦p-
c-cqt]m `h-Xn. kzkvan³ hneo\w kIew Phm-Zm-
hnÀ`m-hb - -Xn. {]mWn-IÀ½-hi - m-tZj ]tSm bZzXv
{]km-cnXx {]mWn-IÀ½-£b - mXv ]p\kvXn tcm`m-
h-b-Xn. Xkvan-t¶-hm-Jnew hnizw kt¦m-NnX ]S-
h-ZzÀ¯-tX. Cuim-[n-jvTn-Xm-h-c-W-i-àntXm ctPm-
{Znàm al-ZzmJym hnt£] iàn-c m-ko-Xv. XXv
{] Xn- _ nw- _ nXw b¯ - ² n- c - W y- K À `- s sN - X \y
amkoXv k al-¯ -Xzm-`n-a m\o kv]jvS m kv] jvS
h]pÀ`-h -X n.
bmÚ-h-evIysâ ASp-s¯¯n ss]wK-e-a-lÀjn
At±-ls¯ ]{´­p sImÃw ip{iq-jn-¨-Xn-\p-tijw
C§s\ ]dªp: ""`K-hm-s\, F\n¡v AXy´w cl-ky-
amb ssIheyw D]-tZ-in¨p Xcn-I.'' At¸mÄ bmÚ-h-
evIy³ ]d-ªp: ""BZy-L-«-¯n tIhew k¯p am{Xta
D­m-bn-cp-¶p-Åq. \nXyhpw apàhpw Al-¦m-cnbpw kXyw
Úm\w B\µw F¶n-h-bm ]qÀ®hpw k\m-X\ - hpw
N P
3
GIhpw AZzn-X o-b-h p-a mb {_Òw AXp-X-s ¶-bm-Wv.
AXn \n¶pw Im\ÂPew t]msebpw ap¯n-¨n-¸n-bnÂ
shÅn-t]m-sebpw XqWn ]pcp-j-s\-t¸m-sebpw kv^Sn-
I-¯n tcJ t]msebpw tim`n-¡p-¶, Npa¸pw shfp¸pw
Idp¸pw tNÀ¶ KpW-tZm-j§ - -tfmSp IqSnb aqe {]Ir-Xn-
bp-­m-bn. AXn aq¶p KpW-§fpw Xpey-\n-e-bn-em-bn-cp-
¶p. AXn {]Xn-_nw-_n-¨Xp km£n-ssN-X-\y-am-bn. aqe
{]IrXn ho­pw hnIm-c-bp-à-am-b-t¸mÄ AXv kXz-Kp-W-
bp-à-amb Bh-cW iàn-bm-bn. AXns\ Ahy-à-sa¶v
]d-bp-¶p. AXn {]Xn-_nw-_n-¨Xv Cuiz-c-ssN-X\ - y-am-
bn-cp-¶p. Cuiz-c³ kÀh-Ú\pw ambsb kzm[o-\-am-¡n-
b-h\pw krjvSn-Øn-Xn-e-bm-ß-I-amb IÀ¯hyw P\-¯n\v
\ÂIn-b-h\ - p-am-Wv. At±lw Xs¶-bmWv DÅn \nKq-V-
am-bn-cn-¡p¶ PK-Xv{_-jvSm-hv. At±lw {]mWn-I -fpsS
IÀ½m-\p-k-cWw hniz-am-Ip¶ Xnc-Èoe hym]-cn-¸n¨v Pohn-
I-fpsS IÀ½-£-bm-\-´cw AXns\ Xntcm `hn-¸n-¡p-¶p.
Cuiz-c-\n A[n-jvTn-X-amb Bh-cW - i- à
- n-bn \n¶v
ctPm-Kp-W-a-bn-bmb hnt£-]-iàn D­m-Ip-¶p. AXns\
al- s ¯¶p ]d- b p- ¶ p. AXnsâ {]Xn- _ nw- _ s¯
ssNX\yln-cW - y-KÀ`-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Cu al-¯-Xzm-`n-
am\n kv]jvSm kv]jvSamb BImcw tN˦-Xm-W.v
2. lncWy KÀ`m-[n-jvTnX hnt£] iànx XkvX
tam{Zn-àm-lw-Im-cm-`n[m Øqe-i-àn-cm-ko-Xv. XXv
{]Xn-_nw-_nXw b¯-Zzn-cmSv ssNX-\y-am-ko-X.v kX-
Z- ` n- a m\o kv ] jv S - h ]px kÀh- Ø q- e - ] m- e tIm
hnjvW p {][m-\-] p-c ptjm `h-X n. Xkva m-Z m-ß \
BImix kw`q-X x, BIm-i -Zzm-bpx, hmtbm-c -á nx,
Atá-c m]x, AZv`yx, ]rYn-ho, Xm\n ]© X·m-
{XmWn {XnKp-Wm\n `h-´n. {kpjvSp-Imtam PK-tZym-
\n-kvX -tam-K p-W-a -[n-j vT mb kq£va X·m-{XmWn
`qXm\n Øqen-I¯pw tkm Imab-X. krjvtSx
]cn-Jn-Xm\n `qtXm-t\y-I-taIw Zzn[m-hn-[mb ]p\-
Ý- X pÀ²m IrXzm kztkz- X c ZznXo- b mwssix
]©[m kwtbmPy ]©o-IrX `qssX-c-\-´t- Im-Sn-
{_-Ò m-W vU m\n X¯ ZWvtUm NnX NXpÀ±i
`phm-\m\n X¯Zv `ph-t\m-Nn-Xt- Kmf IØqe ico-
cm-Wy-kr-P-Xv. k ]©-`q-Xm\mw ctPmwi-ÝX - pÀ[m
IrXzm `mK-{X-bmXv ]©-hr-Xym-ßIw {]mW-a-kr-
P-Xv. k tXjmw CZy-tK\ IÀt½-{µnb _ykp-P-
Xv. k tXjw kXzmwiw NXpÀ[m IrXvh m `mK-
{Xb ka- j vSnXw ]©-{Inbm hrXym-ß I a´x
IcW akr-PX - v. k tXjmw k¯z-Xp-cob `mtK\
 559
I Úmt\-{µn-bm-Wy-kr-P-Xv. k¯z-k-a-jvSnX C{µn-
b-]m-e-Im-\-kr-PX - v. Xm\n krjvSm \yWvtU {]mNn-
£n-]X - v. XZm-Úbm ka-jvSyWvUw hym]y Xm\y-
Xn-jvT³ XZm-Úb - mlw Imc ka-\zntXm hncmSv
Øqem- \ y- c - £ - X v . lnc- W y- K À`- k v X - Z m- Ú bm
kq£va m-Wy-] m-e-b-Xv.
lncWy KÀ` ØnX-amb hnt£] iàn-bn \n¶v
Xtam KpW-bp-à-amb Al-¦m-csa¶ Øqe-iàn D­m-
Ip-¶ p. AXn {]Xn-_nw-_ n-X-am-bn-«p-Å -XmWv hncmSv
ssNX\yw. AXnsâ A`n-am-\n-kv]j - vSm-Imcw tNÀ¶Xpw
kIe Øqe PK-¯n-sâbpw c£-I\pw {][m\ ]pcp-j-
\p-amb hnjvWp-hm-Ip-¶p. AXnsâ Bßm-hn \n¶pw
BImiw DÛ-hn-¨p. BIm-i-¯ n \n¶pw hmbphpw hmbp-
hn \n¶v Aánbpw Aán-bnÂ\n¶v Pehpw Pe-¯nÂ
\n¶v ]rYznbpw D­m-bn. Cu {]]© X·m-{X-Ifpw {XnKp-
Wm-ß-I-am-bn. PKXv Imc-W- \mb B hnjvWp-hn\v krjvSn-
¡pÅ B{K-l-ap-­m-b-t¸mÄ At±lw Xtam-Kp-W-¯nÂ
A[n-jvTn-X\- m-bn. kq£va X·m-{X-Isf Øqe ]©-`q-X-
§-fm¡n amäm³ B{K-ln-¨p. krjvSn-¡s - ¸« `qX-§-fnÂ
\n¶v Hmtcm-¶ns\bpw c­m-bn«pw ]ns¶ `qX- §-fn Hmtcm-
¶n-s\bpw c­m-bn«pw ]ns¶ Ah-bn Hmtcm¶ns\bpw
\mem-bn«pw hn`-Pn-¨p. At¸mÄ Hmtcm `qX-¯n-sâbpw
AÀ²- `m-K-¯n A\y-`q- X-§-fpsS F«m-as¯ Awiw Iq«n-
tNÀ¯v kI-e-Xn-s\bpw ]©o-I-cn-¨p. ]©o-Ir-X-amb Cu
`qX-§-fn \n¶pw A\´ tImSn {_mÒm-WvU-§-fpsS
krjvSn-bp-­m- bn. Ahbv¡v tbmPn¨ hn[-¯n ]Xn-¶mep
`qh-\-§Ä krjvSn-¨p. B `qh-\-§Ä¡p tbmPn¨ Øqe
ico- c-§fpw krjvSn-¡-s¸-«p. ]©-`q-X- §-fpsS ctPm-Kp- Wmw-
is¯ \membn hn`-Pn-¨p. aq¶p `mK-§-fn \n¶v ]©-
{]m-W-§-sfbpw krjvSn-¨p. AXp-t]mse ]©-`q-X-§-fpsS
kXz-Kp-Wmw-is¯ \membn hn`-Pn¨v Ah-bn aq¶p `mK-
§- fm ]©-{In-bm-bp-à-amb A´x-I- c-Whpw \mem-as¯
`mK-¯m Úmt\-{µn-b-§-sfbpw krjvSn-¨p. ]t©-{µn-
b-§- fpsS tZh-·msc krjvSn¨v Ahsb {_Òm-WU v -¯nÂ
Øm]n-¡p-Ibpw ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ BÚm-\p-k-cWw tZh-
·mÀ {_Òm-WU v -§-fn hym]n¨p \nh-kn-¡p-Ibpw Øqe-
P-K¯- ns\ kwc-£n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. lnc-Wy-KÀ`sâ
kq£va krjvSnsb kwc-£n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
3. AWvU-Øm\n tX\ l\m kv]µnXp tNjvSnXpw
hm \ tiIpx Xm\n tNX-\o-IÀ¯pw tkmImabX
{_Òm-WvU -{_-Ò-c-{ÔmWn ka-k vX-hr-jvSn-a-kvX-
Im³ hnZmcy XtZ-hm\p {]mhn-iX
- v. XZm PUm-\y-
]Xn Xm\n tNX-\h- Xv kzIÀ½mWn N{In-tc. kÀh-
tÚtim ambm-tei ka-\ zntXm hyjvSn-tZlw
{]hniy Xbm tamlntXm Poh-Xz-a-Ka- -Xv. ico-c-{Xb
XmZm-ßymXv IÀXrXz t`màr-Xz-Xm-a-Ka - -Xv. Pm{KXv
kz]v\ kpjp]vXn aqÀÑm acW IÀ½-bptàm LSo-
b{´ hZp-Zzntám PmtXm arX Ch Ipem-e-N-{I-
\ym-tb\ ]cn{`a-Xo-Xn.
N P
lncWy KÀ`-s\-Iq-SmsX {_Òm-WvU-¯n ØnXn- K
sN-¿p¶ AhÀ¡v t\cnb kv]µ-\-¯n-t\m tNjvS-IÄt¡m
km[y-a-Ã. At±lw Ahsb ssNX-\y-h-¯m-¡m-\m-{K-ln-
¡p-Ibpw kakvX krjvSn-I-fp-sSbpw akvXIw ]nfÀ¶v
{_Òm-WU v -¯nepw {_Ò-c-{Ô-§-fnepw {]th-in-¡p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. At¸mÄ PU-§-fm-bn-cp¶ Ah ssNX-\yhpw
IÀ½hpw tNÀ¶-hc - m-bn. kÀh-Ú\ - mb Cui³ ambm-
bp-à-\mbn krjvSn-tZ-l-¯n {]th-in¨p; taml-hi - mÂ
Poh-`m-hs¯ {]m]n-¨p. ico-c-{Xb XmZm- ßy-¯m IÀ¯r-
t`m-àr-Xz-§sf A\p-`-hn-¡m\pw XpS-§n. Pm{KX kz]v\w
kpjp-]vXn. aqÀÑ acWw F¶o [À½-§sf {]m]n¨v Ah
DZzo-á-cmbn LSo-b{´w t]mse Ipeme NIp-\ym-tb\
P\n¨pw acn¨pw PK-¯n Id-§p-¶p.
c­m-a- [ymbw
1. AY ss]wKtem bmÚ-h-evIy-ap-hmN þ kÀh
temIm\mw krjvSn-Øn-Xy-´I - r-Zzn-`q-coix IYw Poh-
Xz-a-K-a-Zn-Xn. k tlmhmN bmÚ hevIyx kq£va-
Øq- e - I m- c - W - t Z- t lm- Z v ` - h - ] qÀhIw Poth- i zc
kzcq]w hnhnNy IY-bm-a-hoXn kmh-[m-t\-ss\-Im-
{K- X bm {ipb- X mw. Cuix ]©o- I rX alm- ` q-
Xteim\m-Zmb hyjvS n-k-a-j vSym-ß -I-Øqe ico-
cmWn bYm- { I- a - a - I - t cm- X v . I]m- e - N À½m{´m
kvX namw-k -\-Jm\n ]rYn hywimx-c -à-a q-{X-em-em-
tk z- Z m- Z n- I - a w- _ zmwi mx I ma- t {I m- [ m- Z tbm
thymamwimx £qXv XrjvtWmjvW taml-ssa-Yp-
\mZymx Aáywimx {]Nm-c-tWm-¯m-cW - -izm-kZ- nImx
hmbvhwimx Ima-t{Im-[m-Ztbm thymawimx GXZv
kwLmXw IÀ½Wn k©nXw XzKmZn bpàw
_mem-Zy-h-Øm-`n-am-\m-k v] Zw _lp-tZmjm{ibw
Øqe-i-cocw `h-Xn.
bmÚ-h-e vI y-t \mSv ss]wKe alÀjn ho­pw
tNmZn¨p: ""FÃm temI-¯nsâ krjvSn-ØnX kwlmc
IÀ¯m- hmb Cuiz-c³ F§-s\-bmWv Poh-`m-Ks¯ {]m]n-
¡p-¶Xv?''. bmÚ-he - vIy³ ]dªp: Øqew kq£vaw
ImcWw F¶v aq¶p-hn-[-¯n-epÅ ico-c-§f - psS DÛ-h-
t¯m-sSm¸w Poth-izc kzcq-]§ - sf hnth-N\w sNbvXv
]dªp Xcmw. Cuiz-c³ ]©o-Ir-X-amb alm-`q-X-§-fpsS
Awi-sa-Sp¯v hyjvSn-bp-sSbpw ka-jvSn-bp-sSbpw Øqe-i-
co-c-§Ä krjvSn-¨p. Xe-tbm- «n, sXmen, IpS-ep-IÄ, AØn,
amwkw, \Jw Ch-sbÃmw ]rYzn- bpsS Awi§fm-W.v càw
aq{Xw Dan-\ocv hnbÀ¸v apX-em-bh Pemw-i-§-fm-W.v hni-
¸v, Zmlw, DjvWw, tamlw, aYp\w F¶nh Aán-bpsS
Awi-§ -fm-W v. \S-¡p-I , Fgp-t¶Â¡p-I , Ccn-¡p-I ,
izmtkm-Ñzmkw sN¿pI apX-em-bh hmbp-hnsâ Awi-§-
fm- Wv. Ima-t{Im- [m- Zn- IÄ BIm- imwk§fm-Wv. C§s\ Cu
Øqe-i-cocw Ch-bp-sS-sbÃmw kwLmXw sIm­pw IÀ½-
§Ä sIm­pw \nÀ½n-Xa - m-Wv. NÀ½m-Zn-bp-àa - mb Cu
 560
I icocw _meym-h-ØmZn `mh-\-I-tfmSp IqSn-bXpw At\Iw
tZmj-§Ä \nd-ª-Xp-am-Wv.
2. AYm-] -©o-IrX alm-`q-X-c -tPmw-i-`m-K-{X-b-k -a-
jvSn-Xx-{]m-W-a -kr-P-Xv. {]mWm-]m\ hymt\m-Zm\
kam\mx {]mW-hr-¯bx \mK-I qÀ½ IrI-ct- Z-hZ- -
¯-[-\R - vPbmx D]-{]mWmx lrZm-k\ - \ - m`nIWvT
kÀhmw-Km\n Øm\m\n BIm-imZn ctPm-Kp-W-Xp-
cob `mtK\ IÀt½-{µnb akr-P -Xv. hmIv ]mWn
]mZ- h m- b q- ] - Ø m- X v . hr¯bx hN- \ m- Z m- \ - K - a \
hnkÀ¤m-\ - µ m- k v X -¯ Zv hnjbmx Ghw `qX-k -
Xzmwi`mK-{X-b-k-a -j vSn-tXm´xIc-W m-a -kr-P -X v.
A´x Ic- a -a -t \m- _ p²n Nn¯- l w. Imcm- k v X Zv
hr¯bx i¦m-\n-Ýb kvac-Wm-`n-am-\m-\p-k-Ôm\m
kv X ¯- Z v h n- j bmx Kf-h - Z -\ - \ m-` n- l r- Z - b -{ `q- a [yw
Øm\w `qX-k Xz Xpco-b-`m-tK\ Úmt\-{µn-b-a-
kr-PXv t{im{X Xz N£qÀPn-lzm-{Lm-Wm-kvXZv hr-
¯bx i_vZ-kv]Ài-cq-]c - -k-K-Ôm-kvX-Zzn-jbm ZnKv
h mX mÀ ¡- { ]- t N - t Xmi zn hÓ o- \ v Z - t c m- t ]{µ
arXypImx Nt{µm hnjvWp ÝXpÀ h{àx iw`pÝ
Ic-Wm-[n]mx
]n¶oSv A]-©o-Ir-Xa - mb alm`qX§fpsS cPmw-i-
¯nsâ aq¶p `mK-§ -sf-Sp¯v {]mWs\ krjvSn-¨ p.
{]mW³ A]m-\³ hym\³ DZm-\³ kam-\³ F¶nh
A©pw {]am-W§ - fpw \mKw, IqÀ½w, IrI-cw, tZh-Z-¯w,
[\-RvPbw F¶nh D]-{]m-W-§-fp-am-Ip-¶p. lrZbw apJw
\m`n IWvTw F¶o imcocn-Imw-K-§-sfÃmw Ah-bpsS
Øm\-§-fm- W.v BIm- imZn ]©- a-lm- `q-X- §-fpsS NXpÀ°
`mK-¯n \n¶pw hm¡v, ssIbv, Imev, ae-Zzm-cw, D]Øw
F¶o IÀt½-{µn-b-§Ä krjvSn-¡-s¸-«p. hN-\w, Zmlw,
Ka-\w, hnkÀÖ\w, B\µw F¶nh bYm-{Iaw Ch-bpsS
hnj-b-§-fm-Wv. AXp-t]mse alm-`q-X§ - -fpsS kXzmw-i-
¯nsâ aq¶p `mK-§-fm A´x-I-cWw krjvSn-¡-s¸-«p.
a\Êv _p²n Nn¯w Al-¦mcw A´x-I-cWw F¶nh
Ah-bpsS hr¯n-If - m-Ip-¶p. k¦-ev]w, \nÝ-bw, kvac-
W, A`n-am-\w, A\p-k-Ôm\w F¶nh Ah-bpsS Imcy-
§-fm-Wv. Igp-¯v, apJw, s]m¡nÄ, lrZ-bw, ]pcn-I§ - -
fpsS a[yw F¶nh Ah- bpsS Øm\-am-Wv. kXzm-i-¯nsâ
NXpÀ°-`mKw sIm­v sNhn, sXmen, I®v, \m¡v, aq¡v
F¶o Úmt\- {µn-b - § Ä krjv Sn- ¡ -s ¸-« p. i_vZ w,
kv]Àiw, cq]w, ckw, KÔw F¶nh Ah-bpsS hnjb
§fmWv. Zn¡p-IÄ, hmbp, kqcy³, hcp-W³, Aizn\o
tZh-· mÀ, Aán, C{µ³, Dt]-{µ³, arXyp, N{µ³,
hnjvWp, {_Òm-hv, iw`p F¶n-hÀ Cu C{µn-b-§-fpsS
A[n-h-·m-cm-Ip-¶p.
3. AYm-¶m-a-b-{]m-W-a-b-a-t\m-ab hnÚm-\-a-bm-\-
µ-abmx ]©-tImimx A{\-tk-ss\h `pXzm A{\-
tk\ A`n-hr²nw {]m]y A¶-c-k-a-b-]r-Ynhymw
bZzn-eo-btX tkm¶-a-b-tIm-iwx XtZh Øqe ico-
N P
cw. IÀt½-{µn-ssbx kl {]mWmZn ]©Iw {]mW- K
a-b-tIm-iwx Úmt\-{µnssbx kl _p²nÀhn-Úm-
\-ab tImix GXZv tImi-{Xbw enwK icocw kzcq-
]-Úm-\a - m-\µ
- a
- b tImix XXv Imc-Wi - c
- ocw AY
Ú mt\ - { µnb ] © Iw IÀt½- { µnb ]© Iw
{]mWmZn ]©Iw hnP-bm-Zn-]© - -I-a´x IcW NXp-
jvSbw Ima-IÀ½-Xa - mw-ky-jv S-]p-cw.
A¶-a-bw, {]mW-a-bw, hnÚm-\a - b
- w, B\-µ-abw
F¶n-h-bmWv ]©-tImi§Ä. A¶ ck-¯m ]pjvSn
{]m]n-¡p-¶Xpw ]rYzn-bn hnebw {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xp-amWv
A¶ab tImiw. AXp Xs¶-bmWv Øqeico-cw. IÀt½-
{Xnb kln-X-amb A©p hn[-¯n-epÅ {]mW-§-fmWv
{]mW-ab tImiw. Úmt\-{µnb kln-X-amb a\-ÊmWv
at\m-ab tImiw. Cu aq¶p tImi§fpw tNÀ¶p-Å-XmWv
enwK ico-cw. kzcq-]Ú - m-\-amWv B\-µ-ab tImiw.
CXmWv ImcWy ico-cw. C{]-Imcw A©v Úmt\-{µn-b-
§-fpw A©p IÀt½-{µn-b-§fpw ]©-{]m-W-§fpw ]©`q-
X- §fpw \mev A´x- I- c-W-§fpw Imaw IÀ½w AhnZy F¶n-
hbpw DÄs¸-Sp-¶-XmWv ]pcp-jvSIw F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv - .
4. Cuim-Úbm hncmtPm hrjvSn-tZlw {]hn-iy-
_p-²n-a-[ njvTm b hniz-Xz-a-Ka- -Xv. hnÚm-\mßm
NnZm-`mtkm hntizm hymh-lm-cntIm Pm{KXv Øqe
tZlm-`n-am\o IÀ½-`q-cnXn N hniz ky \ma `h-
Xn, Cuim-Úbm kq{Xmßm hyjvSn kq£va ico-
cw {]hniy a\ A[n-jv T mb ssXP-k-X z-a -K -a-Xv.
ssXPkx {]mXn-`m-k nIx kz]v \ -I -e v ] nX #nXn.
ssXP-k ky \ma `h-X n. Cui- Ú bm amtbm
]m[n-c -h y-à -k -a -· ntXm hyjvSn ImcW icocw
{]hniy {]mÚ-Xz-a-K-a-Xv. {]mtÚmhnÑn¶x ]mc-
amÀ°nIx kpjp-]vXy`n am\oXn {]mPvRky \ma
`hXn Ahy-à-te-im-Úm-\m-Ñm-ZnX ]mc-amÀ°nI
Pohky XXz-akym Znhm-Iym\n {_Ò-ssW-IX - mw.
PKpÀt\-Xc tbmÀhym-h-lm-cnI {]mXn-`m-kn-Itbmx
A´x-Ic - -W-{]-Xn-_nw-_ nX ssNX\yw b¯-tZ-hm-
h-Øm-{X-b-`mKv `h-Xn. k Pm{KXv kz]v\ kpjp-
]vXy-hØmx {]m]y LSob {´h ZpZzntám PmtXm
arX Ch ØntXm `h-Xn.
Cuiz-c-\nÀt±-i-a-\p-k-cn¨v hyjvSn-bn {]th-in¨
tijw _p²n-bn \nh-kn-¨p-sIm­v hncm«v hniz-¯nsâ
AhØ {]m]n-¨p. hnÚm-\m-ßm-hv, NnZm-`m-kw, hnizw
hymh-lm-cn-Iw, Pm{K-Xv, Øqe tZlm-`n-am\n IÀ½ `qan
Ch-sbÃmw hniz- ¯nsâ AwK-§-fm- Wv. Cuiz-csâ BÚ-
bm kq{Xm-ßmhv hyjvSn-bpsS kq£va-tZ-l-¯n {]th-
in¨p a\-Ênsâ A[njvTm-\-¯n ssXP-k-am-bn-¯oÀ¶p.
ssXPkw {]mXn-`m-knIw kz]v\ Iev]nXw F¶n-h-sbÃmw
ssXP-k-¯nsâ \ma-§-fm-Ip-¶p. Cuiz-cm-Ú-bm amb-
bpsS D]m-[n-bp-àa - mb Ahyàw hrjvSn-bpsS ImcW
ico-c-¯n {]th-in¨v {]mÚ-ambn {]mÚw Ahn-Ñn-
 561
I ¶w, ]mc-amÀ°n-Iw, kpjp-]vXn-bpsS A`n-am\n F¶nh
{]mÚ-¯ nsâ \ma- § -f m- W v. ]mc-a mÀ°nI Poh³
Ahyà cq]-¯n AÚm-\¯ - m Bhr-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-
¶p. AXv {_Ò-¯nsâ Awiw Xs¶. "X¯z-akn' apX-
emb hmIy-§-fm AXv kn²-am-Wv. F¶m hymh-lm-
cnIw AYhm {]mXn-`m-kn-I- amb Awiw {_Ò- hp-ambn C§-
s\-bpÅ sFIys¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶n-Ã. A´x-I-c-W-¯nÂ
{]Xn-_nw-_n-X-am-bn-cn-¡p¶ ssNX\yw Xs¶-bmWv Pm{K-
¯v, kz]v\w, kpjp]vXn F¶o aq¶p Ah-ØIsfbpw
{]m]n-¡p-¶Xv ssNX\yw Xs¶-bm-Wv. Cu aq¶v Ah-Ø-
IÄ {]m]n¨v LSn-b{´w t]mse DW-cp-Ibpw arX {]mb-
am-hp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶X - v.
5. AY Pm{KXv kz]v\ kpjp]vXn aqÀÑm ac-Wm-
Zy-hØm ]©-`h - -´n. X¯-t±-h-Xm-{K-lm-\znssXx
t{im{Xm-Zn-Úm-t\-{µnssbx i_vZm-ZyÀ°-hn-j-b- {K-
l-W-Úm\w Pm{K-Z-hØm `h-Xn. X{X `qa[yw
KtXm Pohx B]m-Za - -kvXIw hym]y Irjn-{i-hWm
ZyJn-e-{In-bm-IÀ¯m `h-Xn. X¯v^e - -`pIv N `h-
Xn. temIm-´ -c -K X; IÀ½mÀPn-X -^ ew k Gh
`pMvtà, k kmÀh-`u-a-hXv hyh-lm-cmXv {imt´m-
´À `h\w {]thjvSpw amÀ¤-am-{inXy XnjvT-Xn.
A©v Ah-ØI - Ä Ds­-¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. Ah
Pm{K-¯v, kz]v\w, kpjp-]vXn, aqÀÑ, acWw F¶n-h-bm-
Wv. t{im{Xw t\{Xw XpS-§nb Úmt\-{µn-b-§Ä AXm-
Xnsâ tZh-·m-cpsS iàn-tbm-Sp-IqSn hnj-b-§sf {Kln-
¡p¶ Ah-Øb - mWv Pm{K-¯v. At¸mÄ Poh³ ]pcn-I-
§-fpsS at[y \nh-kn-¡p-¶p. F¶m Imep apX Xe
hsc kIe ico-c-¯nepw hym]n-¨ n-cn-¡p-I bpw Irjn
apXÂ {ihWw hsc AXm-bXv Úmt\-{µn-b-§-fp-sSbpw
IÀt½-{µn-b-§-fp-sSbpw FÃm IÀ½-§fpw sN¿p-Ibpw
Ah-bpsS ^ew A\p-`-hn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Cu IÀ½-
§-fpsS ^ew Ah\v ]c-tem-I¯pw A\p-`-hn-t¡­n hcp-
¶p-­v. Ah³ Hcp kmÀh-`u-a-s\-t¸mse kmwkm-cnI
Imcy-§Ä sNbvXp £oWn¨v DÅn-epÅ hn{ia Øm\-
t¯¡p t]mIm³ B{K-ln-t¡­ amÀ¤w B{i-bn¨v Ign-
ªp-I q-Sp-¶p.
6. I c - t W m- ] - c ta P m{K X v k wk vI m- t c m°
{] t_m[hXv {K mly - { Km- l - I - c q- ] - k v ^ p- c Ww
kz]v\mhØm `h-Xn. X{X hniz Gh Pm{KXv hyh-
lmc tem]m¶mUo a[yw Ncw-kvssX-Pk - X- z-a-hym-
]ym-h m-k -\ m-c q-] Iw PKZv sshNn{Xyw kz`mkm
`mk-b³ btX-]vknXw kzbw `pMvtà. Nnss¯I
Ic- W m- k p- j p- ] v X y- h Øm `h- X n. {`ahn{im´
iIp\nx ]£u kwlrXy \oUm-` n- a pJw bYm
KÑXn XYm Pothm ]n Pm{KXv kz]v\ {]]-R-
AtN hyh- l rXy {imt´m-  Úm\w {]hniy
kz\µw `pMvtà.
N P
C{µn-b-§Ä Ah-bpsS IÀ½-]c K
- n-]mSn Ah-km-\n-¸n-
¡p-t¼mÄ Pm{K-Z-h-Ø-bnse kwkvIm-c-§-fn {KmKy-{Km-
l-I-cq-]-¯n-ep-­m- Ip¶ kv^pc-W- amWv kz]v\m- h-Ø. B
Ah-Øb - n hniz-sa¶p t]cpÅ Poh³ Pm{K-Zh - Ø
- -
bnse hyh-lmcw CÃm-Xm¡n \mUo-a[ - y-¯n ssXP-k-
`mhw {]m]n-¡p¶p. AXv AXnsâ hmk-\m-\p-k-caw A`ym-
k-¯m hnNn-{X-amb Hcp PK¯v \nÀ½n¨v tkzÑ-b-\p-
k-cn¨v AXns\ A\p-`-hn-¡p¶ kpjp-]vXn-bn Nn¯w
Xs¶-bmWv Hcp Imc-Ww. ]£n ]d¶v £oWn¨v Nnd-sI-
Ãm-sam-Xp¡n Xsâ Iq«n-te¡v t]mIp-¶-Xp-t]mse Poh³
Pm{KXv kz]v\ {]]©§- fm £oWn¨p AÚm- \-¯nÂ
s]«v B\-µa - -S-bp-¶p.
7. AI-ka v m-·p-ZvKc
- -Z-WvUm-ss{K-kvXmUn XhXv `bm-
Úm-\ m`ymw C{µn-b-k w-L mssXx I\z-¶ n-h -ar-X-
Xpeym aqÀÑm `h-Xn. Pm{KXv kz]v\ -kp-jp]vX n
aqÀOm-hØ- m-\m-a\ym B {_Òm-Zn-kX v w-_-]-cy´w
kÀh-Po-h-`-b-{]Zm Øqe-tZ-l-hn-kÀP\o ac-W m-
hØm `h-Xn. IÀt½-{µn-bmWn Úmt\-{µn-bmWn
X¯Zv hnj-bm³ {]mWm³ kwlrXy Ima-IÀ½m-
\znX Ahn-Zym-`q-Xt- h-jn-TntXm Pothm tZlm-´cw
{]m]y-tem-Im-´cw KÑ-Xn. {]m¡À½-^e ]mtI-\m-
hÀ¯m- ´ - c - I o- S - h Zv hn{im´nw ss\h- K - Ñ - X n.
kXvI À½-] -c n-] m-I tXm _lp\mw P·\m at´
\rWmw tamt£Ñm Pmb- t X. XZm kZv Kpcp
am{inXy Nnc- I me tkhbm _Ô w tam£w
IÝnXv {]bm-Xn. Ahn-Nm-c-IrtXm _tÔm hnNm-
cm³ tamt£m `h-Xn. XkvamXv kZm-hn-Nm-ct- b-Xvþ
A[ymtcm-]m-] -hm-ZXx kzcq]w \nÝbo IÀ¯pw
iIy-tX. XkvamXv kZm hnNm-ct- b-Ö-K-Öoh ]c-
am-ßt\m Poh`mK-PK - Zv `mh-_mt[ {]Xy-K-`n¶w
{_ssÒ-hm-in-jyX CXn.
Dt±-in- ¡m¯ L«-¯n hSn-sImt­m Nm«-sImt­m
ASn-tbä hyàn-sb- t¸mse `b-¯mepw AÚm-\-¯mepw
BcpsS FÃm C{µn-b-§-fp-amtam hnd-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶Xv
A§-s\-bpÅ ac-W-Xp-eym-h-Øb - mWv aqÀÑ. Pm{KXv
kz]v\ kpjp]vXn aqÀÑ-IÄ¡pw `n¶-amb Ah-Ø-bmWv
WcWw AXns\ IoSw apXÂ {_Òmhp hsc `b-s¸-Sp-
¶p. BtXmsS Øqe-tZ-l¯ - n\v \miw kw`-hn-¡p-¶p.
B L«-¯n IÀt½-{µn-b-§Ä Úmt\-{µn-b-§Ä X·m-
{X-IÄ, {]mW³ F¶n-hsb FÃmw k¦-e] v n¨v Ima-IÀ½
ka-\zn-X-amb Poh³ Ahn-Zy-bm Bth-jvSn-Xa - mbn A\y-
tZ-ls¯ {]m]n¨v ]c-tem-I-¯n-te¡v t]mIp-¶p. ]qÀh-
P-·mÀ PnX-§-fmb IÀ½-^e - -§Ä A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-XnÂ
apgp-In-bn-cn-¡p-¶X
- p-sIm­v AXv Npgn-bn s]« IoS-s¯-
t¸mse im´n tNcp-¶n-Ã. kXvIÀ½-§-fpsS ]cn-]m-I-
¯m At\Iw P·-§Ä¡ptijw a\p-jy-`m-h\ tam£
amÀ¤-¯n-te¡v Xncn- bpt¼mÄ GsX-¦nepw Hcp D¯a Kpcp-
hns\ B{i-bn¨v Nnc-Imew At±-ls¯ tkhn¨v _Ô-

I \-hn-ap-à\- mbn tam£w {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Ahn-Nm-c¯
- mÂ
_Ôhw kphn-Nm-c-¯m tam£hpw e`n-¡p-¶p. AXn-
\m kZm D¯-a-hn-Nm-c-t¯mSp IqSn-bn-cn-¡p-I. A[-bm-
tcm]w A]-hmZw F¶n-h-bm kzcq]w \nÝ-bn-¡m³
km[n-¡pw. C§s\ PK¯v Poh³ F¶nhbpsSbpw
Poh³ Cuiz-c³ F¶n-h-bp-sSbpw Poh-`m-h-s¯bpw PKXv
`mh-s¯bpw \ncm-I-cn-¨m Xsâ {]Xy-Km-ßm-hn \n¶pw
A`n-¶-amb tIh-e-amb {_Òw am{Xw _m¡n F¶ \ne-
bn-se-¯ p-¶p.
aq¶m-a- [ymbw
1. AY ssl\w ss]w Kex ]{]-Ñb
alm- h m- I y- h n-h - c - W - a - \ p- { _q- l o- X n. ktlm- h mN
bmÚ-h-evIy-kvXX - z-akn Xzw XZkn Xzw {_Òm-
kylw {_Òm-kvao-Xy-\p-k-Ôm\w Ipcym-Xv. X{X
]tcm- £ y- i - _ ex kÀh Ú Xzm- Z n- e - £ tWm
amtbm-] m-[ nx k¨n-Z m-\ µ e£tWm PK-t Zym\n
kvXXv]Z- h - mtNym `h-Xn. k Ghm´x Ic-Wmkw
`n¶-t_mt[m kva Xv {]Xym-h-e w-_-\kvXzw ]Z-
hmtNym `h-Xn. ]c-Po-thm-]m-[n-am-bm-hntZy hnlmb
XXzw ]Z-e £yw {]Xy-K -`n¶w {_Ò-X-¯ z-a -k o-
Xylw {_Òm-kvaoXn hmIymÀ°-hn-Nm-cx-{i-hWw
`hXn. GIm- t ´\ {ih- W mÀ° m- \ p- k - Ô m\w
a\\w `h-Xn. {ihW a\\ \nÀhn-Nn-In-tÕÀt°
hkvXpt\y IXm-\-h-¯bm tNXx-Øm-] \m \nZn-
[ym-k\w `hXn [ymXr-[ym-t\-hn-lmb \nhm-X-kvXn-
X- Z o-] -h t²y ssbI tKmNcw Nn¯w kam-[ nÀ
`-h- Xn.
bmÚhevIy-t\mSv ho­pw ss]K-e³ tNmZn¨p:
""F\n¡v alm hmIy-§-fpsS `mhmÀ°w a\-Ên-em-¡n-¯-
¶mepw'', bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]dªp: ""XXz-akn'' AXv \obm-
Wv. "Xzw XZkn' þ AXv \obm-Wv, "Xzw {_Òmkn' þ \o
{_Ò-am-Wv, Alw {_Òmkvan' þ Rm³ {_Ò-am-Wv. Ch-
bmWv B alm-hm-Iy-§Ä. Ch-sb-¸än Nn´n-t¡-­X - p-
­v. X¯z-ako F¶-Xn "XXv' F¶ ]Zw sIm­v kÀh-
Ú-XmZn e£-Wb - p-àhpw amb-bpsS D]m[n bpàhpw
k¨n-Zm-\µ kzcq-]hpw PK-¯nsâ aqe-Øm-\hpw Ahy-
à-hp-amb Cuiz-csâ t_m[w e`n-¡p-¶p. A´x-I-cW - -
¯nsâ D]m-[n-Im-cWw AtX Cuiz-c³ Xs¶. `n¶Xm
t_m[-¯m "Xzw' F¶ ]Zw aptJ-\bpw {]I-Sn-¸n-¡-s¸-
Sm-hp-¶-Xm-av. Ch Dt]-£n-¨m "XXv' "Xzw' F¶o ]Z-§-
fpsS Bibw {]Xy-Km-ßm-hn \n¶pw A`n-¶-amb {_Ò-
am-sW¶v kn²n-¡ p-¶p. C{]-Imcw X¯z-akn Alw
{_Òmkvan F¶n-hb - psS hmIymÀ° hnNm-c-{i-hWw \S-
¡p-¶p. GIm-´-Ø-e¯ - n-cp¶v Cu alm-hm-Iy-§-fpsS
AÀ°w Nn´n-¡pI F¶-XmWv a\-\w. {ihW a\-\-
§ÄsIm­v AÀ°-kz-cq] hkvXp-hn GIm-{K-X-tbm-sS
Nn¯w Øm]n-¡p-I-bmWv \nZn-[ym-k-\w. [ymXr-[ym-\`- m-
N P
562
h-§Ä ssIhn«v tIhew a[y-¯n-epÅ Nn¯ hr¯n Imän-
K
Ãm-¯n- Ss¯ Zo]w t]mse Ønc-am-bn-cn-¡pw. kam[n F¶
AhØ A§-s\-bp-Å-Xm-W.v
2. XZm- \ o- a m- ß - t Km- N cm hr¯bx kap- ° nXm
AÚmXm `h´n Xmx kvac-Wm-Z-\p-ao-bt´ Clm
\mZn kwkmtc kwNnXmx IÀ½-t Im-S -t bmt\
ss\h hnebw bm´n AtXm`ymk]m- S - h mXv
kl{iix kZm Aar-X - [ mcm hÀj-´ n. AtXm
tbmK- h n- ¯ amx kam[nw [À½- t aLw {]mlpx
hmk\m Pmtem \nx tijaap\m {]hn-e m-] ntX
IÀ½ k©- tb, ]pWy- ] mt] kap- tem- · q-e ntX
- m-Ú-hevIyw {]mIv ]tcm-£a - ]n Ic-Xe - m-a-eI
- h
- n-ZzmIy a {]Xn-
_-² m-]-t cm-£ km£mXv Imcw {]kq-btX XZm
Poh-·ptàm `h-Xn.
B L«-¯n hr¯n-IÄ Bßm-Im-chpw AtKm-N-c-
hp-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. kvarXn sIm­p-am-{Xta Ah-sb-¸än
A\p-am-\n-¡m³ km[n-¡p-I-bp-Åq. Cu AhØ h¶p
tNÀ¶m temI-¯n A\m-Zn-Imew apX k©-bn-¨n-
«pÅ tImSm-\-tImSn IÀ½-§Ä \jvS-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. AXn-
\p-tijw A`ymk ]mShw t\Sn-¡-gn-ªm Aar-X- ¯nsâ
kl-{k-[m-c-IÄ hÀjn-¡p¶ {]Xo-Xn-bp-­m-Ip-¶p. AXp-
sIm-­mWv tbmK-a-dn-bp-¶-hÀ kam-[nsb [À½-ta-L-sa¶v
]d-bp-¶-Xv. C§-s\-bpÅ kam-[n-bn kIe hmk-\-Ifpw
\ntÈjw \in-¡p-¶p. ]m]-IÀ½-§fpw ]pWy-IÀ½-§fpw
kaqew \jvS-ambn `hn-¡p-¶p. At¸mÄ X¯z-akn F¶
]Z-¯nsâ Bibw Ic-Xew aeIw t]mse \nÀ _m[w
kv]jvS-ambn a\-Ên-em-¡m³ Ign-bp-¶p. AXnsâ ^e-
ambn {_Ò km£m-Xv¡mcw e`n¨p tbmKn Poh-·p-à-\m-
Ip-¶p.
3. ]©o-Ir-Xa - -lm-`q-X-kw-`h IÀ½-k-©nX Øqe-
tZlx IÀ½-£b - mXv kXv IÀ½ ]cn-]m-ItXm A]-
©o-I-c Ww {]m]y kq£vt assW Io`qXzm Imc-
W-cq-]X- z-am-kmZy XXv IcWw IqStØ {]Xym-Km-
ß\n hneo-b-t´. hniz-ssX-Pk {]mÚmx kzkz-
]m-[ n-e -bmXv {]Xy- K m-ß \n eob-t´. AWv U w
PvRm\m-án\m ZKv[w ImcssWx kl ]c-am-ß\n
eo\w `h-Xn. XtXm {_mÒWx kam-lntXm `qXzm
XXzw ]ssZ-Iy-tah kZm Ipcym-Xv. XtXm taL-
]mtb Awip-am-\nh Bßm BhnÀ`-hX - n.
]©Ir-X§ - -fmb alm `qX-§-f m \nÀ½n-X hpw
k©nX IÀ½-§Ä e`n¨ Øqe ico-chpw _Ô-\-Im-cn-
I-fmb IÀ½§Ä £bn¨p t]mb-Xp-sIm­v kXvIÀ½
]cn-]mIw sIm­pw A]-©o-Ir-X -ambn kq£v a¯ - nÂ
ebn¨v Imc-Wc- q-]s¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. ]n¶oSv AXv Imc-
W- ¯n\pw Imc-W-amb IqS-Ø-\mb {]Xym-Km- ßm-hn ebn-
¡p-¶p. hnizw ssXPkw {]mÚw F¶n-hbpw D]m-[n-
\m-i-¯m {]Xy-Km-ßm-hn ebn-¡p-¶p. {_mÒmWvUw
 563

I AXns\ Imc-W-am-Ip¶ Ahn-Zy-tbm-sSm¸w Úm\m-án- 3. C{µn-bmWn lbm \mlpþ K

bn `kvao-Ic
- n¨v ]c-am-ßm-hn ebn-¡p-¶p. C§s\ Àgn,bmw kvtXjp tKmN-cm³
{_Ò-Úm\n kam-lnX `mth\ kZm XXv Xzw F¶o
PwK-am\n hnam-\m\n
c­p ]Z-§ sf GIo-I-cn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡W
- w. C§s\
sNbvXm taL-§Ä amdp-t¼mÄ kqcy³ {]Im-in-¡p-¶-
lrZ-bm\n a\o-jnWx
Xp-t]mse Bß km£m-XvImcw e`n-¡p-¶p. 4. Btß-{µn-ba - -t\m-bpàw
t`mà-Xym-lpÀ alÀjbx
5. [ymXzm a[y-Ø-am-ßm\w
XtXm \mcm-bWx km£mXv
Ie-im-´c Zo]-hXv
lrZtb kp{]-Xn-jv TnXx
AwKp-jvT-a m-{X-am-ßm-\þ
a[p-a-tPymXn cq]Iw bmÚ hevIy-t\mSv ss]wK-e-a-lÀjn ho­pw tNmZn-
¨p. ""PvRm\n-I-fpsS IÀ½-§fpw Ah-cpsS ØnXnbpw
6. {]Im-i-b´ a´-Øw-[ym-tbXv IqS-Ø-a-hy-bw- F´mWv?'' bmÚ-he - vIy³ adp-]Sn sImSp-¯p.
[ym-\-b-¶mkvtX ap\n-ssÝ-h-Nmkp ]vtXcm artX
kvXp bx 4. apap-£p-¡Ä Aam-\n-XzmZn km[\ k¼-¶c - m-Wv. AhÀ
X§-fpsS Ccp-]¯n H¶v Xe-ap-d-Isf XcWw sN¿n-¡p-
7. Poh-·pàx k hntÚbx ¶p. {_Òs¯ Adnªp Ign-ªm \qän H¶v Xe-ap-d-
k [\yx IrX-Ir-Xy-hm³ Isf A¡c IS-¯p-¶p. Cu Bßm-hm-Ip¶ cYn ico-c-
Poh-·p-à-]Zw Xyàzm am-Ip¶ cY- ¯n _p²n-bm-Ip¶ kmc-Yn-bm a\-Êm-Ip¶
ISn-ªm¬ ]nSn-¸n¨v C{µn-b-§-em-Ip-¶p. Aiz-§sf ]q«n
tkztZtl Ime-kmXv IrtX
hnj-b-am-Ip¶ amÀ¤-¯n IqSn k©-cn-¡p-¶p. F¶mÂ
hni-Xy-t Z-l -ap-àXzw _p²n-amsâ lrZbw Ch-bn \ns¶Ãmw AI¶v hnam-\-
]ht\m kv]Ô-Xm-anh ¯n-s\m¸w s]m§p-¶p. alm-ßm¡fmb alÀjn-am-cpsS
A`n-{]m-b-{]-Imwc Cu Bßmhv C{µnbw a\Êv F¶n-h-
8. Ai-_vZk- v]Ài-a-cq-]a
- -hybw
tbmSp IqSn-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xmbn t`màm-hm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. lrZ-
XYm-ckw \nXy-a-K-Ô-h-¨b - Xv b-¯n km£m `K-hm³ \mcm-b-W³ IpSn-sIm-Åp-¶p.
A\mZy-\´w alXx ]cw {[phw. 5. {]mc_v[ IÀ½ ]cy-´þ
XtZh injy-Xy-aew \ncm-abw CXn. aln-\nÀt½m-Ih - Xv hyh-lm-cXn
IpS-¯ n-\ -I -¯ n- cn-¡ p¶ hnf-¡ p-t ]mse DÅn N{µ h¨-ctX tZlo
ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ {]Im-ib - p-à\pw IqS-Ø\pw Ahy-b-\p- k apà-Ým\n tIX\x
amb Bßm-hns\ Dd-§p¶ kabw hscbpw kZm ka-
6. XoÀt°-iz-]N - t- K-tlhm
b¯pw [ym\n-¡p¶ Úm\nsb Poh-·p-à-s\¶v a\-Ên-
em-¡-Ww. Ah³ [\y-\mWv; IrXr-Iy-\m-Wv. Poh-·p-àm- X\pw hnlm-b-bmXn
hØ e`n-¨X - n-\p-tijw Ah³ Cu tZlw shSnªv hntZ- ssIheyw {]mWm-\-hI - ocy
lm-h-Øsb {]m]n-¡-Ww. ]ns¶ i_vZk - v]Ài cq] ck bmXn ssIheyw
KÔ-cl- n-Xhpw Ahy-bhpw \nXy-hp-amb {_Òw Xs¶- 7. Xw ]ÝmZv ZnKv_enw Ipcymþ
bmWv Ah-ti-jn-¡p-¶-X.v
ZYhm J\\w NtcXv
\mem-a-[ymbw ]pwkx {]{h-P\w t{]màw
1. AY ssl\w ss]wKex ]{]-Ñ. bmÚ-hevIyw t\X-cmb IZm-N\
Úm\n\x Inw IÀ½; Im N ØnXn- c n- X . k 8. \miuNw \mán-Imcyw N
tlmhmN bmÚ-hevIyx Aam-\n-XzmZn k¼t¶m \ ]nWvUw t\mZ-I{- Inbm
apap£p tcI-hnw-iXn Ipew Xmc-b-Xn. {_Ò-hn³
\ IpcymXv ]mÀh-Wm-Zo\n
amt{XW Ipe-ta-tIm-¯c iXw Xmc-b-Xn.
{_Ò-`q-Xmb `n£th
2. Bßm\w cYn\w hn²n
9. ZKv[ky Zl\w \mkvXn
icocw cY-ta-hN
]Izky ]N\w bYm
_p²nw Xp kmcYnw hn²n
Úm\m-án- ZK- v[-tZ-lky
a\x {]{K-lt- ah N
\ N {im²w \ N {Inbm
N P
 564
I ]m¼v ]pd©« amäp-¶-Xp-t]mse Poh³ {]mc-_v[-
IÀ½w Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶X - p-hsc A\y-tZlw [cn-¨p-sIm-
­n-cn-¡p-¶p. F¶m N{µ-s\-t¸mse IÀ½-£-b -¯n-
te¡p t]mIp-t¼mÄ AhÀ apà-·m-cmbn Xocp-¶p. C§-
s\-bpÅ tbmKn XoÀ°-kv\m-\t¯m NWvUm-e-Kr-l-
¯ntem sh¨v acn¨p sImÅ-s«. Ah³ kZm tam£w
{]m]n-¡p-¶p. Ahsâ icocw Im«n Dt]-£n-¡p-Itbm
a®n-\-Sn-bn Ipgn-¨n-Sp-Itbm sNbvXp-sIm-Å-s«. FÃmw
Xpey-am-W.v Cu hn[n k\ym-kn-amÀ¡v am{X-am-Wv, aäp-Å-
hÀ¡-Ã. {_Ò-`q-X\ - mb k\ym-kn¡v iuNtam Aán-Im-
cytam ]nWvU-{In-btbm DZ-I- {In-btbm Nm{µm-b-W-{h-Xtam
Bh-iy-an-Ã. Zln-¨-Xn\v Zl-\hpw ]mIw h¶-Xn\v ]gp-
¸n-¡epw A\m-h-iy-am-WtÃm AXp-t]mse Úm\m-án-
bn Zln¨ tZln-IÄ¡v {im² IÀ½-§tfm {Inbm-IÀ½-
§tfm Bh-iy-an-Ã.
10. bmh-t¨m-]m[n ]cy´w
XmhXv ip{iq-j-tbXv Kpcpw
Kpcp-hXv Kpcp `mcymbmw
XXv ]pt{Xjp N h hÀ¯-\w.
ip²-am-\kx ip² Nn{Zq]x kln-jvWpx tkml-
akv a n klnjv W px tkml- a - k v a oXn {]m]v t X
Úmt\\ hnÚmt\ tÚtb ]c-am-ß\n lrZn
kwØntX tZtl e_v[-im´n ]Zw KtX XZm
{]_m-a-t\m-_p²n iq\yw `h-Xn. Aar-tX\ Xr]vX
ky ]bmkm Inw {]tbm-P\w? Ghw kzmßm\w
ÚmXzm thssZx {]tbm-P\w Inw `hXn? Úm\m-
arX Xr]vXt- bm-Knt\m \ In©nXv IÀ¯-hy-a-kvXn.
XZkvXn tN¶ k XXz-h-anZv `h-Xn. Zqc-tØm]n
\ ZqcØx ]nWv U hÀPnXx ]nWv U - t Øm
{]XymKmßm kÀh-hym]o `h-Xn.
11. lrZbw \nÀ½ew IrXzm Nn´-bnXzm ]y\m-abw
Al-tah ]cw kÀh
anXn ]tiyXv ]cw kpJw
12. bYm Pte Pew £n]vXw
£otc £ocw LrtX LrXw
Ahn-titjm `th-¯-Zzþ
Önhmß ]c-am-ßmt\mx
{]]©¯n-sâ-Xmb D]m-[n¡v \miw kw`-hn-¡p-¶-
Xp-hsc Kpcp-hns\ ip{iq-jn-¡-W w. Kpcp-hns\t¸mse
Xs¶ Kpcp-]-X\v n-sbbpw Kpcp-]p-{X-·m-scbpw Icp-XW
- w.
Rm³ ip²-am-\k - -\m-Wv. Rm³ ip² ssNX\y kzcq-]-
\m-W v. Rm³ kln-j vW p-h m-W v. Rm³ Xs¶bmWv
klnjvW p F¶pÅ Úmt\m-Z bw D­m-I pt¼mÄ
Úm\m-\p-`-h-¯m tÚb-amIp¶ ]c-am-ßmhv lrZ-b-
¯n icn¡v Bcq-Va - m-Ip-t¼mÄ, icocw im´n-bp-à-am-
N P
Ipt¼mÄ, km[-I³ at\m-_p-²n-c-ln-X-amb ssNX-\y-ambn
K
`hn-¡p-¶p. AarXw IpSn¨v Xr]vX\ - m-b-h\v ]mep-sIm­v
F´p {]tbm-P\w? AXp-t]mse Bß-Úm\w ssIh-
cn-¨-h\v thZ-§Ä sIm­v {]tbm-P\ - a- n-Ã. Úm\m-ar-X-
Xr-]X v \
- mb tbmKn¡v bmsXmcp IÀ¯-hyhpw Ah-ti-jn-
¡p-¶n-Ã. Ah-ti-jn-¡p-s¶-¦n AbmÄ ]qÀ® Úm\n-
b-Ã. Ah³ Zqsc-bm-sW-¦nepw kao-]-am-Wv. ]nWvU-¯nÂ
hkn-¨mepw ]nWvU-¯n \n¶pw `n¶-amb kÀh-hym-]n-
bmb {]Xym-Km-ßm-Wv. lrZbw ]cn-ip-²a - m¡n A\m-ab
{_Òs¯ Nn´n¨v ""Rm³ Xs¶-bmWv kÀh-cq-]a - mb
{_Òw'' Rm³ Xs¶-bmWv ]c-a-kpJ kzcq]w F¶v a\-
Ên-em-¡-Ww. Pe-¯n Pew tNÀ¯mepw s\¿n s\¿v
tNÀ¯mepw ]men ]mep tNÀ¯mepw Ah GI-cq-]-
am-bn-Xo-cp¶Xp-t]mse Pohm-ß-]-c-am-ßm-¡-fpsS kwtbm-
K-¯n\p tijw Ah X½n bmsXmcp hyXym-khpw CÃ.
13. tZtl Úmt\\ Zo]ntX _p²nc JWvUm-Imc
cq]m bZm `hXn XZm hnZzm³ {_Ò-Úm-\m-án\m
IÀ½ _Ôwþ
\nÀ ZtlXv
14. XXx ]hn{Xw ]c-ta-iz-cm-Jym-a-ssZz-Xc
- q]w
hna-emw-_-cm`w
btYm-ZtI tXmb-a-\p-{]-hn-jvSw
XYmß cqt]m \ncp-]m-[n-kw-ØnXx
15. BIm-i-hXv kq£va icoc Bßm
\ ZriytX hmbpx hZ-´c- mßm
\ _mly-a-`y-´c \njvNe- mßm
Úmt\m-ev¡bm ]iyXn Nm´-cmßm
16. b{X b{X artXm Úm\o
tb\ hm tI\ arXyp\m
bYm kÀh-KXw thyma
X{X X{X ebw KXx
17. LSm-Im-ia
- n-hm-ßm\w
hnebw th¯n XXzXx
k KÑXn \ncm-ew_w
Úm\m-temIw ka-´Xx
Úm\-¯m tZlm-`n-am\w \in-¡p-Ibpw _p²n
AJ-WvUm-Im-c-am-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sN¿p-t¼mÄ _p²n-am³
Úm\m-án-bm IÀ½-_-Ô-§Ä `kva-am-¡p-¶p. ]ns¶
Ah³ hnae hkv{Xw t]mse hnip-²-\mbn AssZzX
{_Òs¯ {]m]n¨v shÅw aäp shÅ-hp-ambn tNÀ¶v
A`n-¶-am-Ip-¶-Xp-t]mse kz´w kXy-cq-]-¯n \ne-sIm-
Åp-¶p. Bßmhv BImiw t]mse kq£vahpw hmbp-
t]mse AZr-iyhpw BWv. AXv _mlym-`y-´c \nÝ-
ehpw tIh-e-Úm-\-am-Ip¶ ^ev¡-bm am{Xw ImWm³
 565

I km[n-¡p-¶-Xp-am-Wv. Úm\n Fhn-sS-sb-¦nepw F§-s\- a\tkm lyp·-\o-`mth K

sb- ¦nepw acn- ¡-s«, Ah³ {_Òm- hp- ambn tNcp- ¶p. BImiw ssZzXw ss\thm] e`ytX
t]mse {_Òhpw kÀh hym]n-bm-Wv. LSmImiw BIm-i-
bZm bmXyp-·\o `mhþ
¯n tNÀ¶n-cn- ¡p-¶- Xp-t]mse Xsâ bYmÀ° XXzw a\-
Ên-em-¡p¶ tbmKn FÃm `mK-¯p-\n¶pw \ncm-ew-_hpw kvXZm XXv ]caw ]Zw
Úm\-kz-cq- ]-hp-amb {_Òs¯ Ah-ew-_n-¡p-¶. p 24. b{X b{X at\m-bmXn
18. Xt]-ZzÀj kl-{kmWn X{X X{X ]cw ]Zw
GI-]mZ ØntXm \cx b{X b{X ]cw {_Ò
GXky [ym\tbm Kky kÀh{X ka hØnXwx
Iemw \ml´n tjmUinw 25. l\ym-·p-jvSn-`n-cm-Imiw
19. CZw Úm\-anZw tÚbw £p[mÀ°x-J-WvUtb ¯pjw
XXv kÀhw ÚmXp-an-ÑXw \mlw {_tÒXn Pm\mXn
A]n hÀj-k-l{- kmbpx Xky apànÀ\ PmbtX
imkv{Xm´w \m[n-KÑ
- Xn _sÔ Fsâ-sX¶ `mh-\b - mÂ; tam£w Fsâ-X-
20. hntÚ-tbm-£-cX- ·- mt{Xm sö `mh-\-bm-epw. a\Êv D·\o `mhw {]m]n-¡p-t¼mÄ
ssZzX-`mhw \in-¡p-¶p. D·\o `mh {]m]vXn Xs¶-bmWv
PohnXw hmNn N©eo
]ca ]Z-{]m-]X
v n. B Ah-Ø-bn a\Êv Fhn-sS-bmtWm
hnlmb imkv{X-Pe- m\n hkn-¡p-¶Xv AXp Xs¶ ]c-a] - Z- w. Ahn-sSbpw Chn-
bÕXyw XZp-]m-kyXmw sSbpw Ønc-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv ]c-{_Òw Xs¶. Hcp-¯³
BIm-it- ¯¡p t\m¡n ssI Npcp-«p-Itbm Acn-In-«m³
21. A\-´-IÀ½ iu]N
th­n Dan CSn-¡p-Itbm sN¿p-¶Xv shdp-sX-bm-W-tÃm.
Pt]m bÚ kvXssYh N AXp-t ]mse {_Òs¯ Adn-bmsX tam£-¯ n-\pÅ
XoÀ°-b m-{Xm-`n-K -a\w bXv\w shdp-sX-bm-Wv.
bmh-¯Xzw \ hnµXn 24. b GX Zq] \njZw \nXy-a-[otX tkmán
22. Alw {_tÒXn \nbXw ]qtXm `h-Xn. k hmbp-]qtXm `h-Xn. k BZnXy
tam£ tlXpÀ alm-ß\mw ]qtXm `h-Xn. k {_Ò-]qtXm `h-Xn. k hnjvWp
`qtXm `h-Xn. k cp{Z-]qtXm `h-Xn. k {_Ò `qtXm
tZz ]tZ _Ô tam£mb
`h-Xn. k hnjvWp-]qtXm `h-Xn. k cp{Z ]qtXm
\ ataXn ataXn N `h-Xn. k kthjp XoÀt°jp kvXtXm `h-Xn.
Hä¡m-e n \n¶p-sIm­v HcmÄ Bbncw hÀjw k kÀthjvT thtZjp A[otXm `h-Xn. k kÀh-
X]Êp sNbvXmepw AXv [ym\-tbm-K¯ - nsâ ]Xn-\m-dn- thZ {hX-N-cymkp NcntXm `h-Xn. tXt\-Xn-lmk
semcwi¯n\pw Xpey-am-In-Ã. HcmÄ kI-e-Úm-\-tÚ- ]pcm-Wm\mw cp{ZmWmw iX-k-l-{kmWn P]vXm\n
b-§ fpw Adn-b -W -s a-¶ m-{ K-l n-¨ m Bbncw hÀjw ^em\n `h´nx {]W-hm-\m-a-bpXw P]vXw `h-Xn.
imkv{Xm-`ymkw sNbvXmepw AXnsâ Ah-km\w ImWm- Zi- ] p-j m³ Ztim- ¯ - c m³ ]p\m- X n. k ]wàn
s\m-¡n-Ã. AXp-sIm­v Adn-tb-­Xv tIhew GIm-£c ]mht\m `h-X n. k aml³ `h-Xn. {_Ò-l-X ym-
{_Òw Xs¶. kXy-sa-¶-XmWv a\pjy PohnXw N©-e- kp-c m-] m\ kzÀ®-kvt X-b -K p-c p-X -ev]-\ -K -a\ XXv
am-W.v AXn-\m imkv{X-§-fpsS he-bn s]SmsX kXy- kwtbm-Kn-]m-X-tI`yx ]qtXm `h-Xn. XZzn jvtWmx
am- bn-«pÅXns\ D]m-kn-¡p- I-bm- Wmhiyw. ]e-Xcw iuNw, ]caw ]Zw kZm ]iy´n kqcbx Zohna N£p-cm-
P]w, bÚw, XoÀ°-bm{X apX-em-b-hbpw XXz-{]m-]vXn- XXw XZzn {]mtkm hn]-Xythm PmKr-hmwkx kan-
hsc am{Xta DÅq. alm-ßm-¡-fpsS tam£-¯n-\m-[mcw ÔtX hnjvtWmÀbXv ]caw ]Zw Hmw kXy-an-Xyp-
""Rm³ {_Ò- amWv'' F¶ t_m[w am{Xw _Ô-tam-£§Ä ]-\n-j-Xv.
¡pÅ ImcWw c­p ]Z-§-fm-Ip-¶p. Ftâ-sX¶pw Fsâ- Cu D]-\n-j¯v \nXyhpw hmbn-¡p-¶-h³ Aán,
X-sÃ-¶pw. hmbp, k qcy³, {_Òm- h v , hnjv W p, cp{Z³ F¶n-
23. ataXn _[ytX P´pÀ\nÀ hsct¸mse ]cn-ip-²-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. AhÀ kÀh XoÀ°-
\nÀt½Xn hnap-NytX §-fnepw kv\m\w sNbvXh - s
- \-t¸mse Bbn-¯o-cp-Ibpw
kIe thZ-§fpw Adn-ª-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.

N P
 566
I Ah\v thZm-\p-Iq-e-§-fmb FÃm {hX-§-fp-sSbpw ^ew
In«pw. ]pcm-tW-X n-lm-k -] -T-\-¯ nsâ ^e-hpw e£w
{]mhiyw cp{Z-\maw P]n-¨m-epÅ ^ehpw In«p-¶p. ]Xn-
\m-bncw {]Whw P]n-¡p¶ ^ew e`n¡p-¶Xp IqSmsX
Ahsâ Ignª ]¯v Xe-ap-d-Ifpw hcm³ t]mIp¶
]¯p Xe-ap-d-Ifpw ip²-am-Ip-¶p. Ah-t\m-sSm¸w Ccn-
¡p-¶-hcpw ip²-cm-Ip-¶p. Ah³ alm-ßm-hm-Ip-¶Xp
IqSmsX {_Ò-lXy kpcm-]m-\w, kzÀ®tamjWw Kpcp-
1 ]c- a - l w- t km- ] - \ n- j ¯v 3
im´n-]mTw
Hmw ]q˨-aZx ]q˨-anZw ]q˨mXv ]q˨-
ap-Z-N ytX ]q˨ky ]q˨-am-Zmb ]q˨-ta-h m-
hinjytX. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
CXv (]-c-{_-Òw) ]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶p. CXv (Cu Zriy-P-K-
¯v) ]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶p. ]qÀ®-¯n \n¶pw ]qÀ®ap-­m-Ip-
¶p. ]qÀ®¯n \n¶v ]qÀ®w FSp-¯epw ]qÀ®w Xs¶
Ah-ti-jn-¡p- ¶p.
lcn Hmw AY tbmKn\mw ]c- a-l w-k m\mw
tImbw amÀ¤m kvtXjmw Im ØnXn-cnXn \mctZm
`K-h-´-ap-t]-tXym-hm-N. Xw `K-hm-\m-l, tbmbw ]c-
a- l w-k - a mÀt¤m temtIjp ZpÀe- ` - X tcm \ Xp
_mlpteym btZytIm `hXn k Gh \nXy
]qXØx k Gh thZ ]pcpj CXn hnZptjm
a\yt´ alm-]p-cptjm b¨n¯w XXv kÀhZm at¿-
hm-h-Xn-jvTtX Xkvam-Zlw N Xkvan-t¶-hm-h-Øo-
btX Aku kzan- { X- I - f - { X- _ - Ô zm- Z o³ inJm
btÚm-] -aotX kzm[ymbw N kÀh IÀamWn
kw\y-kymbw {_ÒmÞw N lnXzm-Iu-]o\w ZÞ-
am-Ñm-Z\ N kzi-co-c-t`m-KmÀ°mb N temI-tkym-
]-Im-cmÀ°mb N ]cn {Ktl-Xv. X¨\ aptJym f
kvXn tImbw apJy CXn tNZbw apJyx
\mcZ alÀjn {_Òm-hnsâ ASp-s¯¯n ]dªp:
tbmKn-am-cn ]c-a-lwk Zo£ kzoI-cn-¨n-«p-Å-hsâ amÀ¤w
F´mWv? Ahsâ ØnXn s#´mWv? CXp tI«v `K-hm³
{_Òmhv ]dªp: ]c-a-lw-k-amÀ¤w temI-¯n hfsc
ZpÀe-`-am-W,v ITn-\-hp-am- W.v AXp-sIm­v AhÀ kwJy-bnÂ
N P
X-e v]-K -a\w XpS-§nb alm-] m-] -§Ä sNbvX -h-c psS
K
kwkÀ¤w sIm­p-­m-Ip¶ ]m]-¯nÂ\n¶pw hnap-à-
\m-Ip-¶p. I®p-If - n BImiw apgp-h³ ImW-s¸-Sp-¶-
Xp-t]mse B Úm\n hnjvWp ]mZ-§sf kv]jvS-ambn
ImWp-¶p. Ah³ PmKr-X\ - mbn hnjvWp ]Zw kvXpXn¨v
AXns\ {]`-a-b-am-¡p-¶p. Cu D]-\n-j¯v kXy-kz-cq-]-
am-Ip-¶p.
ss]wK-tem-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
A[n-I-an-Ã. ]c-a-lw-k-cmb k\ym-kn-amÀ Ht¶m ct­m
am{Xta ImWp-Ib - p-Åq. AhÀ AXy´w ]cn-ip-²-cm-Wv.
AhÀ Xs¶-bmWv thZ ]pcp-j-·mÀ. CXv hnZzXv k½-X- am-
Wv. C§- s\- bpÅ alm-]p- cp- j- ·m-cpsS Nn¯w kZm F¶nÂ
Xs¶ ebn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Rm³ Ah-cnepw ØnXn sN¿p-¶p.
k\ymkw kzoI-cn-¨h - À ]p{X- an-{X-I-f-{Xm-Zn-I-sfbpw ]q-Wp-
\q IpSp-a-th-Z-]T - \w ]e-X-c-¯n-epÅ ss\jvTnIm-Nm-c-
§Ä Ch-sbÃmw Dt]-£n¨v Iu]o\w ZÞw ]pX¸v
F¶nh am{Xw ico-c- c-£¡p th­nbpw [cn-¡p- ¶p. AXpw
{][m-\-a-Ã. At¸mÄ apJy-amb Zo£ F´mWv?
2. \ ZÞw \ inJmw \ btÚm-]-hoXw \Nm
Ñm-Z\w NcXn ]c-a-lwtkm \ ioXw \ tNmjvWw
\ kpJw \ ZpxJw \ am\m-h-amt\ \ jUqÀan-
hÀPm \nµm KÀh- a- Õ -c - Z w- ` -Z Àt¸Ñm tZzj- k p-
JZpxJIm-a-t{Im-[-tem-`-tam-l-l Àjm-kq-b m-l- ¦m-cm-
ZowÝ lnXzm kzh]px IpW-]-anh ZriytX bX-
kv X - Z z- ] p- c - ] - [ zkv X w kwi- b - h n- ] - c otX anYym
Úm\m\mw tbm tlXp-k vtX\ \nXy-\ nÀhr¯
kvX ¶n-X y-t_m-[ -k vXXv kzb-ta-h m-h -Øn-XnkvX w
im´-a-e-a-Zz-bm-\µ hnÚm \L\ Ghm-kvan-X-tZh
a ]c-a-[ma XtZh inJmN XtZ-thm-]-hoXw N ]c-
am-ß-t\m-tc-I-Xz-Úm-t\\ XtbmÀt`Z Gh hn`áx
km kÔym
]c-a-lw-ksâ apJy Zo£-sb-¸än ]d-bmw. Ah³
ZÞtam inJtbm btÚm]-ho-Xtam GsX-¦nepw Xcw
hkv{Xtam kq£n-¡m³ ]m-SnÃ. iotXm-jW v -kp-JZpxJam-
\m-ha- m-\m-Zn-IÄ ssIhn-Sp-¶-h-\m-IWw \nµ, KÀhw, aÕ-
cw, Zw`w, ZÀ¸w, CÑ, tZzjw, kpJw, ZpxJw, Imaw, t{Im[w,
 567

I tem`w, tamlw, lÀjw, Akq-b, Al-¦m-cw F¶n-h-bp- bkvamZv `n£pÀln-cWyw ctk\ Zrãw N k{_Ò K
ambn Ah-s\mcp _Ôhpw ]mSn-Ã. Ah³ kzi-co-cs¯ alm `th- Z y- k v a mXv `n£pÀln- c Wyw ctk\
ihw t]mse Icp-Xpw. Ah\v kwi-btam anYym-Úm-\tam kv] rãw tNXkx ]u¡tkm `thZy kv a mXv
CÃ. kXy-Úm-\-kz-cq-]\ - m-W-h³. {]]-©-¯nse Hcp `n£pÀln-cWyw ctk\ {Kmlyw N k Bßlm
hkvXp-hn-s\bpw B{i-bn-¡msX Ah³ Bß-kz-cq-]- `th-¯-kvamZv `n£pÀ lncWyw ctk\ \ Zrãw
¯n ØnXn sN¿p-¶p. Ah³ im´\pw AN-©-e\pw N kv]rãw N \ {Kmlyw N kÀth Imam at\m
AZz-bm-\ -µ\pw hnÚm\L-\ -k z-cq-]-\p-am-Ip-¶p. Cu KXm hymhÀ¯t´ ZpxtJt\m- Z znáx kptJ\
kzcq]w Xs¶-bmWv Fsâ ]c-a- [m- ahpw inJbpw btÚm- kv]rlm-XymtKm cmtK kÀh{X ip`m-ip-`t - bm-c-`n-
]-ho-Xhpw FÃmw. Ah³ kI-eXpw kam\ Zrãn-tbmsS kvt \tlm \ tZzãn \ tamZw NkÀth- jm-an-{µn-
ho£n-¡p-¶p. bmWmw KXn-cq-]-c-atX b Bß-t\y-hm-h-Øo-btX
bXv ]qÀ®m-\-ssµ-I-t_m-[-k vXZv {_ssÒ-hm-l-a-
3. kÀhm³ Imam³ ]cn-XyPy AssZztX ]c-a-
kvaoXn IrX-IrtXym `hXn IrX-IrtXym `h-Xn.
ØnXn Úm\-ZÞm ZrtXm tb\ GI-ZÞo k
DNytX ImjvW -ZtÞm ZrtXm tb\ kÀhm-i o- Cu A´cw {Kln-¨ -h \v Zn¡p-I Ä Xs¶-b mWv
Úm-\-hÀPnXx XnXn-£m-Úm\ sshcm-Ky-i -amZn hkv{Xw. \a-kI v mcw kz´w Zn\-Ncy {]IrXn \nµ-kXv pXn
KpW-hÀPnXx `n£m-am-t{XW tbm PothXv k]m]o CsXm¶pw Ah³ IW-¡m-¡p-¶n-Ã. tkzÑ-t]mse k©-
bXn hr¯nlm k bmXn \c-Im³ tLmcm³ alm- cn-¡p¶ `n£p-hm-Ip-¶p. Bhm-l-\-hn-kÀP\ a{´-Zn-I-sfm-
cu-c -h-k w-P -\ n-Xm³. ¶p-an-Ã. hn`n-¶-k-am\ kXy-kÀh-`m-hm-Zn-IÄ kzoI-cn-¡n-
Ã. Xma-kn-¡m³ \nÝn-X-Kr-l-an-Ã. _p²n kpØn-c-am-bn-cn-
]c-a-l w- k-\mb kw\ymkn FÃm B{K-l§fpw
¡pw. AhÀ¡v kzÀ®m-Zn-IÄ Bh-i y-an-Ã. bmsXmcp
shSnªv AssZz-X-amb ]c-{_-Ò-kz-cq-]¯ - n ØnXn
hkvXphpw Ah\v BIÀj-I-ambn tXm¶n-Ã. Ah\v H¶p
sN¿p-¶p. Úm\-Z-Þ-[-c-\m-b-Xn-\m Abmsf ZÞn
{]Xn-_-Ô-a-Ã. ]c-a-lw-k-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶ tijw Ah³
F¶v ]d-bp-¶p. F¶m acw-sIm­pÅh-Sn-bp-ambn kI-
kzÀ®-am-{K-ln-¨m {_Ò-l-Xy¡p Xpey-amb ]m]-¯n-\-
e-hn[ Bi-Ifpw a\-Ên tNÀ¯v PmRm-\-tat\y £a
[n-Im-cn-bmIpw kzÀ®-¯n sImXn-bpÅ `n£p NÞmf
Úm\w sshcmKyw Cu KpW-sam- ¶p-an-ÃmsX `n£-sIm­p
Xpey-\m-W.v Ah³ Bßm-Lm-Xn-bm-W.v ]c-a-lw-k³ [\w
Pohn-¡m-\p-t±-in¨p \S-¡p¶ ]m]n k\ymk [À½s¯
sXmSpI t]mepw Acp-Xv. C{]- Im- c- apÅ k\ym-kn- bpsS at\m-
hy`n-N-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p. C§-s\-bpÅ k\ym-kn-\m-a-[m-cn-bmb
`n-em-j-§-sfÃmw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. Ah\v ZpxJ¯n `b-
]m]n tLmc-amb cuch \c-I-¯n hogp-¶p.
an-Ã. kpJ-¯n Xmev]-cy-an-Ã. cmKw shSnªv ip`m-ip-[-
4. CZ-a -´ cw ÚmXzm k ]c- a-l wk Bimw Nn-´-bn-ÃmsX BtcmSpw tZzjw ]peÀ¯msX Bcp-ambpw
_tcm \ \a-kvImtcm \ kzm[m-Itcm \ \nµm \ AXn-kvt\lw hln-¡msX Ign-bp-¶p. Ah³ Ahsâ
kv X nXnÀbm- Zr- Ñ ntIm `thZv `n£px \mhm-l \w Bßm-hn Xs¶ ØnXn sN¿-Ww. Xm³ ]qÀW-A-Wm-\-
\hnÀP\w \ a{´w \ [ym\w t\mhm-k\w \N µ-kz-cq-]-\m-sW¶p AZzn-Xob {_Ò-am-I-W-sa¶pw Ah³
e£yw \m e£yw \ ]rYMv \m]yY Krlw \\Xzw Icp-Xp-¶p. AXp- sIm­v Ah³ IrX-Ir-Xy- \mbn Ign-bp-¶p.
\kÀhw Nm\n-tI-X-Øn-Xn-tch `n£px kuhÀ®m- Ah³ XnI¨pw IrX-Ir-Xy-\mbn Pohn-¡p-¶p.
Zo\mw ss\h ]cn-{K-tlW temIw \mh-temIw N
]c-a-lw-tkm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
_m[Ix Ix CXn tNZv _m[tIm f kv t Xyh

1 ]c- a - lw- k - ] - c n- {hm- P - tIm- ] - \n- j ¯v

3
im´n-]mTw k-kvX -\p-`nÀhy-tia tZh-l nXw bZmbpx kzkv Xn
Hmw `{Zw IÀt®`nx irWp-bma tZhm `{Zw \ Ct{µm hr² {ihmx kzkvXn \x ]qjm hniz-
]tiy-am-£-`n-cy-P{Xmx Ønssc-cw-ssK-kvXp-ãp-hmw- thZmx kzkv X n \kv X mÀt£ym Acn- ã - t \anx

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 568
I kzkvXn t\m _rl-kv]-XnÀ Z[mXp Hmw im´nx
im´nx im´nx
tZh-·m- sc, R§Ä ImXp- IÄ sIm­v awKfw tIÄ¡p-
am-dm-I-tW. I®p-IÄ sIm­v awKfw ImW-tW. kpZr-V-
§-fmb AwK-§-fmepw ico-c-¯mepw \n§sf kvXpXn¨p
sIm­p tZh- ·mÀ R§Ä¡v \nÝ- bn- ¨n-«pÅ BbpÊp apgp-
h\pw A\p-`-hn-¡s«. alm-b-i-kzn-bmb C{µ³ R§Ä¡v
awKfw \ÂI-tW. kÀhÚ-\mb ]qjm tZh³ R§Ä
¡p awKfw \ÂI-tW. t¢i \nhm-c-I\ - mb Kcp-U³
R§Ä¡v awKfw \ÂI-tW. _rl-k] v -Xnbpw R§Ä¡v
awK-f-a -cp-f-tW.
1. AY ]nXm- alx kz]n-X -c -am- Zn-\ m-c m-b -W -ap-] -
taXy {]Way ]{]-Ñ-þ-_-K-h³, Xz·pJm ZzÀ®m-{i-
a-[À½-{Iaw kÀhw {ipXw hnZn-Xa - -h-KXw CZm\ow
]c-a-lw-k-]-cn-{hm-P-I-e£
- Ww thZnXp anÑm-an. Ix
]cn-{h-P-\m-[n-Imco? IoZriw ]cn-{hm-PI e£-Ww.
Ix ]c-a-lwkx? ]cn-{h-P-IXzw IYw? XXv kÀhw
ta {_qloXn k tlmhmN `K-hm-\mZn \mcm-bWx
A\-´cw ]nXm-a-l³ kz]n-Xm-hmb BZn-\m-cm-Ws\
kao-]n¨v \a-kIv c
- n¨v tNmZn-¨p. `K-hm-s\, A§-bpsS apJ-
¯n \n¶v hÀ®m-{i-a-[À½-{I-a-saÃmw tI«v a\-Ên-em-¡n.
Ct¸mÄ ]c-a-lw-k-]-cn-{h-PI e£Ww tIÄ¡m-\m-{K-ln-
¡p-¶p. ]cn-{h-P-\m-[n-Imcn BcmWv? ]cn-{h-P-I-e-£-W-
sa´v? BcmWv ]c-a-lwk ]cn-{hm- P-I³ AXnsâ AhØ
F§s\ AsXÃmw ]d-bpI AXp tI«v BZn-\m-cm-W³ ]d-
ªp.
2. kZvKp-c p-k-aot] kIem hnZym-]-cn-{i-atÚm
`qXzm hnZzm³ kÀh-ssa-ln-Im-ap-jvanI kpJ-{iaw
ÚmXzm GjWm {Xb-h m- k -\ m-{Xb aa-X zmlw
Imcm- Z nIw ha- \ m- ¶ - a nh tlb-a - [ n-K ay tam£-
amÀss¤-I-km-[t\m {_Ò-Ncyw kam]y Krlo-`-th-
Xv, Krlm-Zm-\o-`qXzm {]{h-tP-Xv. bZn thX-cYm {_Ò-
N-cym-tZh {]{h-tPXv KrlmZzm h\mZzm AY ]p\-
c-{hX hm {hXohm f kv\mXtIm hm kv\mXtIm
hm DÕ-¶m-án-c\ ántIm hm bZ-l-tch hncm-P-
¯- Z- l - tch {]{h-t P- ZnXn _p²zm kÀh-k w- k m-
tcjp hnctàm {_Ò-Nmco Krlo hm\-{]tØm
hm ]nXcw amXcw If-{X-]p-{X-am-] vX -_-Ôp-hÀ¤w
XZ-`m-th-injyw kl-hm-kn\w hm A\p-tam-Z-bnXzm
XZv ss[ytI-{]m-Pm-]-Xym-ta-thãnw IpÀh-´n, XZp
X Y m \ Ipc ym- X v. B tá bm tah Ipc ymX v
AánÀln {]mWm {]mW- t a- s sh- X bm ItcmXn
ss{X[m-X -ho-b -tah IpcymXv GX-s sbh {Xtbm
[mXthm bZq-X -k Xzw cP-k vX a CXn Abw tX
tbm\nÀ EXzn-tPm-btXm PmtXm Atcm-N Ymx Xw
Pm\-¶á Btcm-lm[m t\m hÀ[bm cbnw CXy
t\\ at{´-W m-á n- am- P n- t{LXv Gjhm AtáÀ
N P
tbm\nÀbx {]mWw KÑkzmw tbm\nw KÑkzm tl K
tltXyh ssa ssh XZml
kZvKp-cp-hnsâ kao]w kI-e-hn-Zym-]-cn-{i-a-Ú-\mbn
`hn¨v ]Þn-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶ hyàn Cl-tem-Is - ¯bpw ]c-
tem-I-s¯bpw {ia-I-c-sa¶p IcpXn hmk-\m-{Xbw Gj-
Wm-{Xbw aaX Al-¦mcw Ch OÀ±n¨ ]ZmÀ°-sa-t¶m-
Ww \nµys- a¶p IcpXn tam£- ¯n\v GI- km- [-\-amb {_Ò-
N-cys¯ Ah-km-\n-¸n¨v Krl-Øm-{i-a¯ - n {]th-in-¡-
Ww. B B{iaw ]qÀ¯n-bm-¡n-b-Xn\p tijw hm\-{]Øw
kzmIn-c-¡-Ww. AsÃ-¦n aäp hn[-¯nepw hm\-{]-Ø-
¯n \nt¶m {_Ò-N-cy-¯n \nt¶m k\ymkw kzoI-cn-
¡mw. {hXw A\p-jT v n-¡p-¶-ht\m AÃm-¯-ht\m kv\mX-
It\m Akv\m-X-It\m Aán tlm{Xntbm Aán-tlm-{Xn-b-
Ãm- ¯-ht\m sshcmKyw tXm¶p¶ ]£w k\ymkw kzoI-
cn-¡mw. {]]-©-hn-c-à-\mbn A½, Aѳ, ]p{X³, `mcy.
_Ôp-¡Ä F¶n-h- tcmtSm Ah-cn-sÃ-¦n IqsS h¶n- cn-¡p-
¶-h-tcmtSm injy-·m-tcmtSm k½Xw hm§-Ww. \nXy-ss\-
an¯n bÚm-Zn-I-sfm-¶p-am-h-iy-an-Ã. tIhew Btábn
am{Xw sN¿-Ww. Aán Xs¶ {]mW³ Aán {]mWsâ
IÀ¯m-hmWv F¶ a{´-¯m A\p-jvTm\w \nÀh-ln-¡-
Ww. kXz-c-P-kvX- a-kp-¡Ä aq¶p [mXp- ¡-fm-Wv. Atá, Cu
{]mW³ A§-bpsS Imc- W- cq-]-am- Wv. AXn {]th- in-¡pI
F¶ AÀ°w hcp¶ \nÀ±n-ã -a -{ ´-¯ m BlpXn
sN¿mw.
3. {KmamXv t{im{Xn-bm-Km-cmXv Aán-am-lrXy kzhn-
[ypà {ItaW ]qÀh-h - Zán amPn- t{LXv bZvy -
Xptcm hmánw \ hntµ-Z]vkp Pplq-bmXv Bt]m
ssh kÀhmx tZhXmx kÀhm-t `ym-tZ-h -X mt`ym
Pptlman kzmtlXn lptXzm-Zr-X y-{]m-i v\ o-b mXv
kmPyw lhn-c -\ m- abw Gj hn[nÀ hocm- [ zt\
hm\m-i tI \m kw{]-thti hmán-{]-thti hm
alm-{]-Ømt\ hm, b ZymXpcx kzma-\km hmNm
hm k\y-tk-tZj ]°cx
{Kma-¯n Aán-tlm{Xw sN¿p-¶-h-cpsS Krl- ¯nÂ
\n¶pw Aán-sIm­p h¶v apI-fn kqNn-¸n¨ hn[w
Aánsb {LmWn-¡-Ww. tcmKw hm[n-¡p-Itbm Aán
In«msX hcn-Itbm sNbvXm Pe-¯n tlma-IÀ½w \S-
¯mw. kÀh-tZ-h-cq- ]-amWv Pew. CXn FÃm tZh- ·mÀ¡pw
th­n lh\w sN¿p-¶p. F¶À°w hcp¶ \nÀ²nã
a{´w hn[n-{]-Imcw lh\w sNbvXv s\¿v tNÀ¶ lhnÊv
`£n-¡-Ww. CXv hoc-amÀ¤ hn[n-bm-Wv. A\-i\w kw{]-
th-i\w AsÃ-¦n alm-{]-Øm\w Ch¡p th­n-bm-W-
Xv. tcmKn-bm-sW-¦n a\Êp sImt­m hm¡p sImt­m
am{Xw k\ym-kh - n[n A\p-jvTn-¨m aXn.
4. kzØ {Ita-ssWh tNZmß {i²w hncmPm
tlmaw IrXzm Aán- a m- ß - \ y- t cm]y euInI
sshZnI kmaÀ°yw kz NXpÀZ-iI - -cW {]hr¯nw
 569

I N ]pt{X kam-]-tcm-]nX `mth intjyhx XZ `mth K-a-\-tatI `n£mw lcn-Xy-Py-{Xn-Im-e-kv\m-\-am-N-c³ K

kzß-t\yh hm {_Òm Xzw bÚ-kvXz-anXn A`n- thZm- ´ - { i- h - W - ] qÀ hIw {]W - h m- \ p- j vTm\w
a{´yw {_Ò `mh-\ bm [ymß-km-ay{io {]thi IpÀh³ {_Ò-amÀt¤ kayIv k¼¶ kzm`n-a-X-am-
]qÀh-I -a]vk p kÀh-h n-ZymÀ° kzcq]mw {_Ò- ß-\ n-tlm-]-b nXzm \nÀ½tam A[ym-ß \n \njvT
Wym-[mcw thZ-am-Xcw {Iam-Xvhym-lr-XnjvT {XnjvT Ima-t{Xm-[-tem-`a - -Z-am-Õcy Zw`-ZÀ¸m-l-¦m-c-k qbm
{]hn-em-]y-hym-lrXn {Xb-a-I m-tcm-Imc aIm-tcjvT KÀthÑm tZzj-l Àjm- aÀj-a -a -X zm-ZowÝ lnXzm
{]hn-tem-] y-X -Õ-h -[ m-t\-\ m]x {]miy {]W-th\ Úm\-ssh-cm-Ky-bptàm hn¯-kv{Xo-]-cmMv apJx
inJm arXvI r-jy-b-tÚm-] -hoXw OnXzm hkv{X- ip²-am-\kx kÀthm-]-\n-j-ZÀ°-am-temNy {_Ò-
a]n `qau hm A]vkp hm hnkrPy Hmw `qx kzmlm N- c y-] -c n-{K- l -a -l nwkm kXyw btcm\ c£- I ³
Hmw `phx kzmMm Hmw kphx kzmtM-Xy-t\\ PmX- PntX-{µntbm _ln-c´x kvt\l-hÀPntXm ico-c-
cq-] -[tcm `qXzm kzw cq]w [ymb³ ]px ]rYIv k-Ôm-c-WmÀ°w hm{Znjp hÀt®jp A`n-i-]vX-
{]Wh hymlrXn ]qÀhIw a\km hN- k m]n ]-X nX hÀPn-tXjp ]iq-c -t{Zmln ssZ£-amtWm
kw\rkvXw atbXn a{µ-a[y Xmc-[z\n kv{Xnhm-c- {_Ò-`q-bmb `hXn kÀthjp Imtejp em`m-em-
X{Xn KpWo-IrX t{]tjm-¨m-cWw IrXzm {]W-ssh- t`-k -a\ IrXzm-I-c-] m-{X-am-[q-I-tcWw \m aiv\³
I-[ym\ ]cm bWx k¶-`bw kÀh-`q-tX-t`ym-a¯x tatZm-h r- ² n-I - a- I pÀh³ Irio-` qXzm {_Òm-l -a -
kzmtl- X ypÀ[z- _ m-l pÀ`qXzm {_Òm-l -a- k v ] nXn kvaoXn `mh-b ³ KphÀ°w {Kma- ap-t]Xy {[ph
X¯p- a- k ymZn hmIymÀ° kzcq-] m- \ p-k -Ô m\w iotemãu amtky-ImIn Ntc-Zzmth hmN-tcXv I.
Iph-¶p-ZoNnw Zniw-K-tÑXv PmX-cq-]-[-c-Ý-tcXv Gj
{Kl-Ø ³ A[n-I m-c n- b -Ã m-¯ -] £w kI-e -` q- X -
kw\ymkx
§Ä¡pw A`bw \ÂIn ktJm Fsâ _ew c£n-¡p-I.
kzØ- Nn-¯-\mbn Ah³ th­-hn[w Bß- {im- ²hpw \o arX-l-´m-hmb C{µsâ h{P-am-Wv. \o F\n¡v im´n
hocPmtlmahpw \S-¯-Ww. Aánsb Bßm-hn-em-tcm- ]n¨v Zmb-I-\m-Ip-I. Fs¶ kÀh-]m-]§ - -fn \n¶pw hnap-à-
Xsâ Ign-hp-Ifpw ]Xn-¶mev IcW {]hr-¯n-Ifpw ]p{X- \m-¡pI F¶À°w hcp¶ a{´w P]n¨v tZmj-aä apf-hS- n,
\n Btcm-]n-¡-Ww. ]p{X-\n-sÃ-¦n injy-\ntem injy- ISn-kq-{Xw, Iu]o-\w, Ia-Þ-ep, Hcp Imjm-b-hkv{Xw Ch
\n-sÃ-¦n Xsâ Bßm-hntem Btcm-]n-¡-Ww. ]ns¶ tNÀ¶v kZvKp-cp-hns\ \a-kvIc - n¨v XXz-akn F¶ alm-
{_ÒmXzw F¶p XpS-§nb a{´w sNmÃn {]mÀ°n¨v kmhn- Imhyw {]W-h-k-lnXw kzmI-cn-¡-Ww. ]ns¶ ac-hp-cntbm
{Xn-bn {]th-in-¡-Ww. thZ-am-Xm-hns\ aq¶p hymlr-Xn- am³tXmtem [cn¨v Pem-h-X-cWw apI-fn-te¡v Ib- dp- I. Htc
I- fn ebn-¸n¨v Pe- ]m\w sN¿mw. {]W-thm- ¨m- c-W- t¯msS Krl- ¯n \n¶p Xs¶ `n£ kzoI-cn- ¡p-I. Ch ssIhn«p
inJ-sbbpw ]qWp-en-s\bpw tOZn-¡-Ww. hkv{X-§Ä `qan- aq¶p t\chpw Ipfn¨v thZm-[ym-b-\hpw {hXm-\p-jT v m-\hpw
bntem Pe-¯ntem \nt£- ]n¨v Hmw kzmlm `qx kzmlm F¶ ssIs¡m-Å-Ww. Bß- \n-ãm- ]- c-\mbn Ima- t{Im-[-§Ä \nb-
a{´-¯m \á-\mbn kzcq-]-[ym\w sNbvXv {]tXyIw {´n-¡-Ww. Akq-b, KÀhw, tZzjw, AaÀjw F¶nh Dt]-
{]mW-s\bpw hymlr-Xn-tbmSp IqSn a\\w sNbvXv a\-Êp- £n-¡-Ww. Iman-\o-Im-©\ ]cmMv apJ-\m-I-Ww, D]-\n-j-
sIm­pw hm¡p sIm­pw aq¶p XhW Rm³ k\ymkw ZÀ°w a\\w sN¿-Ww. {_Ò-Ncyw A]-cn-{K-lw, Alnw-
kzoI-cn-¨p. F¶p ]Xps¡ ]dªp. {]Wh [ym\w sNbvXv k, kXyw Cbn {i² sNep-¯-Ww. ico-c-c-£-WmÀ°w
kI-e-`q-X-§Ä¡pw A`bw \ÂIn DuÀ[z _mlp-hmbn \nµn-Xcpw ]Xn-X-cp-amb hyàn-I-sfm-gn¨v {XnhÀ®-§-enÂ
Rm³ {_Ò-am-Wv. AXp-\o-bm-W.v F¶o alm-hm-Iy-§-fps# s]« hyàn-If - n \n¶pw arK-§Ä t`Z-`mKw IqSmsX
(Alw {_Òm-kvan, XXz-a-kn) AÀ°w Nn´n¨v hS-¡p-Zn- Blmcw kzoI-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse `n£ kzoI-cn-¡mw. em`
¡p-t\m¡n \S-¡-Ww. ip² kzcq-]-¯n k©-cn-¡-Ww. \ã-M-MÄ Xpey-ambn Icp-X-Ww. `n£m-hr-¯nbpw Aev]m-
CXmWv k\ym-kw. lm-chpw F¶ \ne-bn Ign-b-Ww. F«p-amkw {Kma-§-fnÂ
`n£m-S\w sNbvXv GIm-In-bmbn k©-cn-¡-Ww.
5. A[n-Imcn \ `th-ZyZn KrlØ {]mÀ°\m
]qÀh- I - a - ` bw kÀh- ` q- t Xt`ymx a¯x kÀhw 6. bZmew _p²nÀ `th- ¯ -Z m- I p-S o- ] tImw hm
{]hÀ¯tX kJm am tKm]m-buP kJm tbmko- _lq-ZtIm hmlwtkm hm ]c-a-lwtkm hm X¯-
{µky ht{Pmkn hmÀ{XLv\w iÀ½ ta`h bXv ·-{´-]qÀhIw ISn kq{Xw Iu]o\w ZÞw Ia-
]m]w X¶n hmc tbXy-t \\ at{´W {]Wh Þepw kÀh-a]vky hnkr-PvamYm PmX-cq-]-[-c-tÝ-
]qÀhIw k e£Ww sshWhw ZÞw IpSn tcXv {]mssa-I -c m{Xw XoÀt°-{Xn-c m{Xw ]¯t\
kq{Xw Iu]o\w Ia-Þepw hnhÀ®-h-kv{X-taIx ]©-c m{Xw t£t{X-k-]vXcm {Xa-\n-tIXx Ønc-a-
]cn-Krly kZv Kpcp-ap-]-K-ay-\Xzw Kpcp-ap-Jm-¯-Xz- Xn-c-án-tkhn \nÀhn-Imtcm am`m-em-`\ ka\ IrXzm
h-koXn alm-hmIyw {]W-h-]qÀh-I-aq-] -e`y AY tKmhrXym ss`£y-am-N-c-\p-Z-I-Øe Ia-Þ -e q-c-
PoÀ®-h-ev¡-em-Pn\w [rXzmY Pem-h-X-cW aqÀ[z- _m-[-I-c-l-ky-Ø-e-hmtkm \ ]p\À em`¯x ip`m-

N P
 570

I ip-`-IÀ½-\nÀaq-e-\-]cx kÀh{X `qXe ib\x ]vXymZn \me-hØ- -IÄ Xpco-b-¯n Xpco-bm-Zn-\m-eh- Ø

-
K-
£uc-I À½-] -c n-X y-tàm-bpà NmXpÀ½m-k y-{hX IÄ Pm{K-Z-hØ- -bn hnizw \mep hn[-am-W.v hniz-ssX-P-
\nb-a-ip-¢-[ym\ ]cm-btWm AÀ°kv{Xo ]pcpj kw, hniz-{]mÚw hniz-Xp-cobw hniz-hnizw kz]v\m-h-Ø-
]cm-MvapJx A\p-·-t¯m-]y-·-¯-h-Zm-N-cW hyà- bn ssXPkw \mep hn[w. ssXP-k-hn-izw, ssXP-k-ssX-
enw-tKm-] y-¶ m-N mtcm Znhm-\ -à -k-a-tXz-\m-kz]v\ x Pkw ssXP-k-{]mÚw ssXP-k-Xp-co-bw. kpjp-]X v n-bnÂ
kzcq-]m-\p-k-Ôm\ {_Ò-{hW h[ym-\ -amÀt¤-Wm- {]mÚw \mep-hn[w {]mÚ-hnizw {]mÚ-{]mÚw
h-lnXw kw\ym-tk\ tZl-X ymKw ItcmXn ]c-a- {]mÚ-Xp-cobw \mep-hn[w Xpco-b-hnizw Xpco-b-ssX-Pkw
lwk ]cn-{hm-PtIm `hXn Xpco-b-{]mÚw Xpco-b-Xp-cobw Cu {Ia-a-\p-k-cn¨v {_Ò-
{]-Whw ]Xn-a-\mdp am{X-bn Bcq-V-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
Úm\ e_v[n- ¡p-tijw ISn kq{Xw Iu]o\w ZÞw
Ia-Þep F¶n-h-sbÃmw shÅ-¯n Fdn-ªmWv IpSn- 6. BImtc Pm{K-Zzniz DImtc Pm{K-s sX-Ptkm
N-I\- m-bn, _lq-Z-I-\m-bn, lwk-\m-bn, ]c-a-lw-k-\m-bn, aImtc Pm{KXv {]mÚ AÀ²-am-{Xbmw Pm{K-¯p-
ZnKw- _- c-\mbn k©-cn-¡-Ww. {Kma-¯n Hcp cm{Xn, XoÀ°- cotbm _ nµ u k z] v \ - h ntizm \ mtZ k z] v \
¯n aq¶p cm{Xn, \K-c-¯n A©p cm{Xn, t£- {X-¯n ssXPkx Iembmw kz]v\ {]mÚ Iem-X otX
Ggp cm{Xn, Cu {Ia- ¯n\v Xma-kn-¡mw. Krl-an-ÃmsX Ønc- kz]v\ -X p-\ obx im´u kpjp-] vX -h nizx im´y
Nn-¯-\mbn Aán-tlm{Xw sNbvXv \nÀhn-Im-c-\mbn \nb-a- XotX kpjp]vXm ssXPkx D·\ymw kpjp]vX
\n-ba ]c-Xym-Kn-bmbn em`m-em-`-Nn´ IqSmsX {]mW-c- £- {]mtÚm at\m-·\ymw kpjp]vX Xpcobx Xpco-
W-¯n \n¶v tKmhr-Xym-`n-£m-S\w sN¿-Ww. GIm´ bmbmw Xpcob hntizm aZy-ambmw Xpcob sXPkx
Øm\¯v Xma-kn-¡-Ww. shdpw \ne¯v InS-¡-Ww. £uc- ]iy´ymw Xpcob {]mÚx ]cmbmw Xpcob
IÀ½w shSn- b-Ww. NmXpÀamky \nb-a-§-sebpw {hX-§- Xpcobx Pm{K³ am{X NXpãb aIm-cmwiw kz]v\-
sfbpw ssIhn« tIh-e-km-X zn-I-[ym-\] - -cm-b-W-\m-IWw am{X NXp-ã-b-]p-Im-cmwiw kpjp]vXn am{Xm NXp-
[\w kv{Xo ]p{X³ Ch-sc-¸än Nn´n-¡-cp-Xv. Úm\w e`n- ãbw aIm-c mwiw XrXo-b -am{Xm NXp-ã -h À²-am-
¨mepw D·-¯-s\-t¸mse s]cp-am-d-Ww. Zn\-cm-{X-§Ä Xpey- {Xmwiw Ab-tah {_Ò-{]-Whx k ]c-a-lw-k-Xpco
am-I-bm ]c-a-lw-k³ Ft¸mgpw Pm{K-Z-h-Ø-bn Xs¶ bmXo-X m-h - [ p-s sX-c p-] m-k y-tX-s s\h {_Ò-{]-I m-
Ccn-¡p-¶ p. C§s\ \nc-´cw kzcq-]-k-Ôm-\-t¯mSpw itX tX\ hntZ-l-apànx
{_Ò- { ]- W - h - [ ym- \ - t ¯mSpw IqSn- b pÅ k\ymkw
AIm-c-¯n Pm{KXv hnizhpw DIm-c-¯n Pm{KXv
ssIs¡m­v tZl-XymKw sN¿p-¶-h³ ]c-a-lw-k-]-cn-{h-P-
ssXP-khpw aIm-c-¯n Pm{KXv {]mÚhpw AÀ²-am-{X-
\m-Ip-¶p.
bn Pm{KXv Xpco-b-hp-am-Wv. _nµp-hn kz]v\hnizw \mZ-
7. `K- h ³ {_Ò {]Whx IoZr- i oXn {_Òm ¯n kz]v\-ssX-Pkw Ie-bn kz]v\{]mÚw. Iem-Xo-
]rÑXn ktlm-h mN \mcm-b Wx {_Ò {]Whx X- ¯n kz]v\-Xp-co-bw. im´n-bn kpjp]vXn hnizhpw
tjmU-i-am-{Xm-ßIx tkmhØm NXp-ãb NXp-ã- im´y-Xo-X-¯n kpjp]vX n ssXP-khpw D·-\n-bnÂ
b-tKm-Ncx Pm{K-Z-h -Ømbmw Pm{K-Zm-Zn-N-X pt{km kpjp]vXn {]mÚhpw at\m-·-\n-bn kpjp]vXn Xpco-
Ah- Ø m- k z]v t \ kz]v \ mZn NX- t {km- h Ømx bhpw D­v. sshJ-co-bn Xpco-b-hn-izhpw a[y-a-bnÂ
k pj p] vtX m k pj p- ] vX yZn N X - t {k m- h Ø m Xpcob ssXP-khpw ]iy-´n-bn Xpcob {]mÚhpw ]c-
kvX pcotb Xpco-b mZn NX-t{km-hØm `h-´ oXn bn Xpcob Xpco-bhpw Pm{K-¯nsâ \mep am{X-Ifpw
Pm{K-Z -h - Ø mbmw hnizky NXpÀhn[ymw hniz- BIm- -i-¯n-sâ-Xm-W.v kz]v\-¯nsâ \mep am{X- Ifpw DIm-
hntizm hniz-ssX-Ptkm hniy-{]mtÚm hniz-Xp- cmw-i-bp-à-am-W.v kpjp-]Xv n-bpsS \mep-am-{X-IÄ aIm-cmw-
c ob C X n k z] v\ m- h - Ø mbmw s s X P- k Ô y i-bp-à-am-W.v Xpco-b-¯nsâ \mep am{X-IÄ AÀ²-am-{Xmw-
NmXpÀhn[yw ssXP-k - h n- i zkvs sX Pkkvs sX i-bp-à-am-Ip-¶p. CXn-s\- ¯-s¶- bmWv {_Ò-{]-Whw F¶v
Pk- { ]mÚ x {]mÚ - { ] m- Ú - k v X p- c ob CXn ]d-bp-¶-X.v Xpco-bm-Xo-X³ ]c-a-lw-k³ Ah-[q-X³ F¶n-
Xpcobm hØmbmw Xpco-b ky NmXpÀ hn[ymw hÀ ChnsS D]m-k-I-cmWv {_Òw. AXn-\m Xs¶bmWv
Xpcob hniz-kvXp-cob ssXP-k-kvXp-cob {]mÚ {]Im-in-¡p-¶-Xv. AXn-\m Xs¶-bmWv hntZ-l-ap-àn-bpw.
kvXpcob kvX pcob CXn tX {ItaW tjmU-am-
7. `K-h³ IYw AbtÚm ]ho-Xym-inJo kÀh
{Xm-c q-Vw.
IÀ½ ]cn- X yàxIYw {_Ò- \ n- j v T m- ] cx IYw
`K-hm-s\, {_Ò-{]-Whw GXp hn[-¯n-ep-ÅX - mWv {_mÒW CXn {_Òm ]rÑXn k tlm hmN
F¶v {_Òmhv tNmZn-¨-t¸mÄ \mcm-b-W³ ]dªp: {_Ò- hnjvWpÀ t`mx t`m AÀ`-b-kym-kvXy-ssZz-Xa - m-ßm-
{]-Whw ]Xn- \mdv am{X-tNÀ¶-XmWv \me-h-Ø-I-fn \mep Úm\w XtZh btÚm-] -h oXw Xky [ym\-\n-
hoXw ]Xn- \mdv hn[-ap- ­v. Pm{K-Z-h-Ø-bn Pm{K- ZmZn \mem- jvssTh inJm XXv IÀ½ k ]hn{Xw k kÀh
h- Ø- IÄ kz]v\mZn \mem-h-Ø- IÄ kpjp-]vXn- bn kpjp- IÀ½ IrXv k {_mÒWx k {_Ò \njvTm-]cx k
N P
 571
I ssZhx k Ejnx k X]kzo k t{ijvTx k Gh
kÀh tPyjvT x k Gh PKZv Kpcpx k Ghm
lwhn²n temtI ]c-a-lwk ]cn-{hm-PtIm ZpÀe-`-
X-tcm-b-tZy-tImkvXn k Ghx \nXy ]qXx k Gh
thZ ]pcptjm alm-]p-cptjm bkvX¨ - n¯w at¿y
hmh-X n-jvTtX Alw NX-k van-t¶-h m-h -Ø nXxk
Gh \nXy-Xr]vXx kx iotXm-jvWk - p-JZpx am\m-
h-am-\ m-hÀPnX k \nµm-aÀj klnjvW p kj-
UqÀ½n hÀPnXx jUv` m-h -hn-Imc iq\yx ktPy-
jv T m- t Pyjv T hyh- [ m\ clnXx k kzhrXn
tctIW \m\r-{Zãm Bimw _tcm \ \a-kvImtcm
\ kzlm Imtcm \ kz[m-Im-cÝ \ hnkÀÖ\
]tcm \nµm kvXpXn hyXn-cntàm \ a{´ Xt{´m
]mktIm tZhm-´-c-[ym\ iqt\ym e£ym-e £ym
\nhÀ¯Ix kÀthm-]-cXx k k¨n-Zm-\µm Zzb-Nn-
ZvL \x k¼qÀ®-\ssµ I t_mt[m {_Ò Gh
Alw AkvaoXn A\ hcXw {_Ò {]W-h m\p
k Ôm t\\ bx IrX-IrtXym `hXn k l ]c-
alw k]cn {]mUn-Xyp-]-\n-j-Xv.
`K-hms\ btÚm-]-hoXw inJ kÀh-IÀ½-§Ä
F¶nh ]cn-Xy-Pn-¨m F§s\ {_Ò-\n-jvTm-]-c-\mIpw?
F¶v {_Òmhv tNmZn-¨-t¸mÄ hnjvWp ]d-ªp. A§-s\-
bp-Å-h\v btÚm-]-hoXw Ahsâ AssZz-X-bp-à-amb
Bß-Úm\w Xs¶-bm-W.v Ahsâ inJ [ym\ \njvT-bm-
1 ]c-{_-tÒm-]-\n-j¯v
im´n-]mTw
Hmw `{Z IÀt®`nx irWp-bma tZhm `{Zw ]tiy
am£- ` nÀb- P {Xmx Ønssc- c wssK kv X pãhmw
kkvX-\q-`nÀhy-tia tZh-l nXw bZmbpx kzkv Xn
\ Ct{µm hr²-{ihmx kzkvX n \x ]qjm hniz-
thZmx kzkv X n \kv X mÀt£ym Acn- ã - t \anx
kzkvX n t\m _rl-k v]-X nÀZ-[ m-X p. Hmw im´nx
im´nx im´nx
tZh-·m-sc, R§Ä ImXp-sIm­v awKfw tIÄ¡p-am-
dm-ItW. I®p-IÄsIm­v awKfw ImWp-am-dm-It- W. kpZr-
V-§-fmb AwK-§-fmepw tZl-¯mepw \n§sf kvXpXn-
¨p-sImW­v tZh-·mÀ RM-A-MÄ¡v \nÝ-b n-¨n-«pÅ
N P
Wv. kzIÀ½-§-fm Ahsâ ]cn-ip-²-\m-Ip-¶p. Ah³ K
kIe IÀ½-§fpw A\pjvTn¨p Ign-ªp. Ah³ {_mÒ-
W-\m-Wv. Ah³ {_Òm-\n-jvTm-]-cm-b-W -\m-Wv. Ah³
tZh\pw Ejn-bp-am-Ip-¶p. X]-kznbpw t{ijvT- \p-am-Ip-¶p.
kÀh-¯nepw tPyjvT\pw PK-ZvKp-cp-hp-am-W-h³ Ah³
Rm³ Xs¶-bm-sW¶v a\-Ên-em-¡p-I. temI-¯n C§-
s\-bpÅ ]c-a-lw-k-]c - n-{hm-P-I·
- mÀ ZpÀe-`-am-Wv. Fhn-sS-
sb- ¦nepw Ht¶m ct­m t]À I­p- sh¶v hcmw. AhÀ \nXy-
ip-²\pw thZ ]pcp-j\pw hm\ ]pcp-j-\p-am- Ip-¶p. Ahsâ
Nn¯w F¶nepw Ah³ F¶nepw hkn-¡p-¶p. Ah³
\nXy-Xr-]X v -\m-Wv. Ah³ {iotXmjvW ZpxJkpJ am\m-h-
am-\-c-ln-X- \m-Wv. Ah³ jUqÀ½n cln-X\pw jUv`m-h-hn-
Im-c-§Ä¡-Xo-X-\p-am-Ip-¶p. hen-b-hs\t¶m sNdn-b-h-
s\t¶m DÅ Nn´ Ah-\n-Ã. Ah³ Bßm-hns\ am{Xw
ImWp¶p asäm-¶n-s\bpw CÃ. Zn¡p-I-fm-W-hsâ hkv{X-
§Ä. Ah³ \a-kI v m-ctam kzlm-Im-ctam kzm[m-Im-ctam
sN¿p-¶n- Ã. Ah³ \nµm-kvXp-Xn-IÄ¡-Xo-X-\m-Wv. Ah\v
a{´- X-t{´m-]m-k-\-bn-Ã. Ah³ A\y tZh-·msc [ym\n-¡p-
¶n-Ã. e£ym-e£y cln-X-\mbn kÀh-hn-c-à-\mbn Ign-bp-
¶p. Ah³ k¨n-Z m-\ -µ \pw AZz-b \pw NnZvL -\ \pw
k¼qÀ®m-\µ t_m[- bp- à\pw Rm³ {_Ò-amWv F¶pÅ
AJÞ `mh-\m-bp- à-\p-amWv C§-s\-bp- Å-hs\ ]c-a-lw-
k-]-cn-{h-P-I-s\¶p ]d-bp-¶p. C§s\ D]-\n-j-¯v.
]c-a-lw-k-]-cn-{hm-P-tIm-]\
- n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
3
Bbp-Êp-ap-gp-h\pw R§Ä A\p-`-hn-¡p-am-dm-ItW. alm-
IoÀ¯n-am-\mb C{µ³ R§Ä¡v awKfw \ÂItW. kÀh-
Ú-\mb ]qjzmhv R§Ä¡v awK-f-a-cp-f-s«. A{]-Xn-tcm-
[y-K-Xn-bmb Kcp-U³ R§Ä¡v awK-f-a-cp-f-tW. _rl-
kvarXn R§Ä¡v awKfw \ÂItW. Hmw. im´nx im´nx
im´nx
1. AY ssl\w alm imex iu\tIm BwKn
ckw `K-h´w ]n¸-em`w hn[n-h-Zp-]-k¶w ]{]-Ñ-
Znthy {_Ò-]ptc tI kw{]-Xn-jvTnXm `h-´n, IYw
krPyt´ \nXym-ß \ Gj alnam hn`Py Gj
alnam hnZpx I Gjx Xkvssa k tlmhmN GXXv
kXyw bXv {_hoan {_Ò- h nZymw hcnjv T mw
 572
I tZth`yx {] mtW `yx ]c- { _Ò ]ptc hnc Pw
\njvIfw ip`-a-£cw hncPw hn`m-Xn. k \nb-ÑXn
a[p- I cx tizh hXv ^ - e - a - \ p- ` - h Xo IÀa- a À½-
ÚmXm IÀ½ ItcmXn IÀ½-aÀ½ ÚmXzm IÀ½
IpcymXv tIm Pmew hn£n-t]-tZtIm ss\\-a-] -
IÀjXy ]IÀj-X n.
hnin-ã-\mb iu\-I³ AwKo-c-hw-i-¯n ]nd¶ `K-
hm³ ]n¸-em-Zs\ hn[n-]qÀhw kao-]n¨v tNmZn¨p: temI-
¯n-ep-­mIp¶ ]ZmÀ°-§-seÃmw t\cs¯ Znhy-amb
{_Ò-]p-c-¯n AXm-bXv `K-hm³ lnc-Wy-KÀ`sâ lrZ-
bm-Im-i-¯n hncm-Pn-¡p-I-bmtWm? B ]ZmÀ°-§sf
hn`m-tK\ hym]-I\pw aln-am-a-b-\p-amb Cuiz-c³ Xsâ
DÅn \n¶pw F§s\ krãn- ¡p¶p? At±lw bYmÀ°-
¯n BcmWv? ]n¸-em- Z³ ]dªp:þ Rm³ \n§Ä¡p ]d-
ªp-X- cm³ t]mIp¶ {_Ò- hnZy kXy- am- W.v At±lw kXy-
kz-cq-]-amb {_Ò-]p-c-¯n KpW{Xblo-\\ - mbn hncm-Pn-
¡p-¶p. {]mW³ apXÂ \maw hsc-bpÅ ]Xn-\mdp Ie-I-
fn-Ãm-¯-h\pw A¡m-c-W-¯m Ahn-\mio cq]-¯nÂ
ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-h\ - p-am-W-t±-lw. At±lw Poh-ßm{X kaq-
ls¯ _Ô-tam-£-§Ä¡v A[n-Imcn F¶ \ne-bnÂ
krãn-¡p-¶p. Cu kzcq-]-¯n-epÅ {_Ò-hn-Zy¡v B[m-c-
`q-X-hpamb ]c-am-ßmhv apap-£p-¡-fpsS Ahn-Zym-Zn-Isf
\nb-{´n-¡p-¶p. AXnsâ ^e-ambn AhÀ¡v ip² ssNX-
\y-{]-XoXn D­m-Ip-¶p. kzØm-\¯v AIÀ½-Wy-s\¶
\ne-bn Ign-bp¶ At±lw IrX-Ir-Xy-\m-Wv. hn]-coX
Zrãn-bmb At±lw ]e {]Im-c-¯n-ep-apÅ IÀ½-§Ä
sN¿p-¶-h-\mbpw IÀj-Is - \-t¸mse Xsâ IÀ½-¯n-\-\p-
k-cn¨v ^e-a-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h-\mbpw Xocp-¶p. IÀ½-aÀ½- a-dn-
bp¶ hyàn Bcm-[\m _p²n-tbmsS IÀ½w sN¿p-¶p.
F¶m ]c-{_Òw Xs¶- bmWv Xm³ F¶-dn-bp-¶-Xn-\mÂ
aäp {`a-§-fn \ns¶Ãmw apà-\m-Im³ B{K-ln-¡p-¶p.
ap\n-am-cpsS IÀ¯hyw {Kln¨v \njvIm-a-_p-²ym-IÀ½w
sN¿p-¶p. GI-am-{X- amb {_Ò-¯n Xs¶ apgp-Inb Hcp
k\ym-knbpw A\p-Nn-X-§-fmb ]e IÀ½-§Ä sN¿p-¶n-
Ã. \njvIm-a-_p-²n-tbmsS IÀ½w sN¿p-¶-hs\ Ahsâ
IÀ½-§Ä kmwkm- cn- I-§- fmb hnj-b- §-fn-te¡v BIÀjn-
¡m-dn-Ã.
2. {]W- t Z- h - X m- Ý - X zmcx Xmx kÀhmx \mUyx
kpjp-]vX-tiy-\m-Im-i-hXv bYm tiy\xJam-{in-Xy-
bmXn Xzebw Bembw Ghw kpjp]vXw {_qX
Abw N ]cw N kÀh{X lnc-Wy-atb ]tc-tImti
Aar-Xm-t]yjm \mUo-{Xbw k©-cn-Xky {Xn]mZw
{_Ò Gjm t{Xjym XtXm A\p-Xn-jvTXn A\y{X
{_qX Abw N ]cw N kÀh{X lnc-×tb ]tc
tImti bssYj tZh-Zt¯m bãym N \mUy-
amt\m ss\th- X n. Gh- anãm ]qÀt¯ IÀt½m
ip`m-ip-ss`À\ en]ytX bYm-Ip-am-ctIm \njvIma
B\-µ -a-` n-bm-X n, XssYj tZhx kz]v \-am-\ -µ -a-` n-
N P
bmXn thZ Gh ]cw tPymXnx tPymXnjm am K
tPymXn-cm-\-µ-b-tXyh tah. XXv]cw bXv Nn¯w
]c-am-ßm-\-am-\-µ-b-Xn. ip`-hÀ®-am-Pm-b-tX-iz-cmXv
`qb-kvtX-ss\h amÀt¤W kz]v\-Øm\w \nb-ÑXn
Pf-Im-`m-h-h-ZyYm Ima-am-Pm-b-tX-iz-c mXv Xmh-Xm-
ßm-\-am-\µ bXn ]c-k-Ôo-b-Z-]-c-k-ÔoXn. XXv ]cw
\m]cw XyP-Xn. X ssZh I]m-em-ãIw kÔmb
b Gj kvX\ Chm-ew-_t- X. tk{µ tbm\nx k
thZtbm \ncnXnx A{X Pm{K-Xn. iq`m-ip-`m-Xn-cnàx
ip`m-i pss` c]n IÀ½-` nÀ\ en]y-tX. k Gj
tZthm Xy tZh kykw-{]-kmtZm A´-cym-ay-kw-K-
Nn-{ Zp]x ]pcpjx {]W- h - l wkx ]cw {_Ò, \
{]mW lwkx {]Wthm Pohx BZym-tZh Xm\n
thZ-b Xn b Ghw thZ XXv IYw \nth-Z-b tX
Pohky {_Ò-X z-am-]m-Z-b-Xn.
kÀth-iz-c³ GXp hn[-ap-Å-h-\mWv? Poh³ {]mWm-
[mc cq]-¯n Xpcob t`Z-¯m \mev {]mW tZh-X-am-cp-
­v. Ahsc {]m]n-¡p-hm-\pÅ \mUn-Ifpw \mep-hn-[-am-Ip-
¶p. ca, Ac-a, CÑ, ]p\À`h Ch-bmWv B \mUn-IÄ.
Ch-bn ca, Aca Cu c­p \mUn-Ifpw tNÀ¶v BIm-i-
¯n k©-cn-¡p¶ ]cp-´n-s\-t¸mse Pm{K-Xvkz-]\ v m-Zn-I-
fm XfÀ¶v Dd-§n-t¸m-Ip-¶p. ]cp´v hfsc kabw ]d¶v
Xf-cp-t¼mÄ Iq«n-te¡v hcp-¶-Xp-t]m-se-¯s¶ Poh\pw
Pm{K- Zm- Zn- I-fm £oWn¨v Xsâ hn{i- a-Øm-\¯v Cu c­p
\mUn-I-fnepw hn{i-a-¯n\v Dd-§p-¶p. Dd-§p¶ Ah-Ø-
bn Nne-t¸mÄ k©-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. kÀÆ{X gA-
b-B-^-J-W-Bb ^d-W-B-Y-A-W-B-gA ME-[-b-B-J-B-
i-¯n camZn aq¶p \mUn-I-tfbpw B{i-bn¨v kzkz-cq-
]s¯ {]m]n¨pw AÃm-sXbpw X·m-{Xm-cq-]-¯n Ign-bp-
¶p. Dd-§p¶ Hcp hyànsb hSn-sIm-­Sn-¨m Ah³
DWÀ¶-Xn-\p-tijw ]ns¶ Dd-§m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶-X p-t]mse
Poh\pw thZ-am-Ip¶ BNm-cy-\n \n¶p thZm-´-X-Xzw- {K-
ln¨v Úm\-bp-à-\mbn Xocp-t¼mÄ ho­pw Ah-Ø m-{X-
b-¯n ]Xn-¡p-¶n-Ã. \ÃXpw No¯-bp-amb IÀa-§-fnÂ
apgp-Ip-¶-Xp-an- Ã. _me³ F¶nepw Bk-à- \-Ãm-¯- Xn-\mÂ
In«p-¶-Xn B\-µn- ¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse Poh\pw kz]v\-¯ntem
Pm{K-¯ntem B\-µa - -\p-`h
- n-¡p¶p Rm³ {_Ò-kz-cq]w
Xs¶- bm-Wv. F¶ t_m[-ap- Å-h³ B\-µ-a- b-\m-Ip-¶p. Hcp-
Xcw A« Hcp ]pÃn \n¶pw asämcp ]pÃn-te-s¡-¶-t]mse
Úm\nbpw PmK-c-W¯ - n sN¶p ]än aäp-Åh Dt]-£n-
¡p-¶p. {_Ò-X-e] v -c-\mbn AXv X¶n \n¶pw `n¶-a-söv
Úm\n a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶p. tIhew {ih-Wm-Zn-I-fm {_Ò-
Úm\w e`n- ¡p-¶n- Ã. Iem-]m- ãIw AXm- bXv tbmK-¯nsâ
baw, \nb-aw, Bk-\w, {]mWm-bm-aw, {]Xym-lm-cw, [mc-
Ww, [ym\w kam[n F¶o Aãmw-K-§Ä A`y-kn¨v Ah-
bm lrZ-bs¯ ip²o-Ic - n¨v {_Ò-Úm\w t\Sn IrX-
Ir-Xy-\m-tI-­-Xp-­ v. tbmK-[ym-\-¯n-\m-[mcw CXm-Wv.
kvX\w t]msetbm hmg-¡q-¼p- t]m-setbm s\©n Xq§n-
¡n-S-¡p¶ AXv tbmK-Im-e¯v apI-fn-tem«p s]m§n hnI-
 573
I kn-¡p-¶p. lrZ-b-I-a-e¯
- n ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ Cuiz-cs\
[ym\n- ¡p- ¶-h³ ip`m- ip` IÀ½-§Äs¡Ãmw AXo- X-\mbn
-hÀ¯n-¡p-¶ p.
{]km-Za
- -b\pw A´-cm-anbpw \nÊw-K\pw Nn{Zq-]\pw
{]W-hl- w-k-\p-amb cq]-¯n ]c-{_Òw kvacn-¡-s¸-Sp-
¶p. {]Whw Xs¶- bmWv Poh³. Fs´- ¶m AXv Hm¦m-
c-¯nsâ Ah-b- -h-¯n BIm-c- ¯m hmNy-am-Wv. HmwIm-
c-¯nsâ bYmÀ°-cq]w Adn-bp-¶-h\v Poh-{_-Ò-]Zw e`n-
¡m³ Ign-b pw. {]W-h m-ß - I - a mb ]c- {_- Ò - ¯ nsâ
[ym\hpw \nZn-[ym-k-\hpw Poh-·p-àn¡v hgn-sbm-cp-¡p- ¶p.
3. k¯z-a-Ymky ]pcp-jky A´x intJm-] -ho-
XXzw {_Ò-Wky apap-t£m-c´ intJm-]-ho-X-[m-
c-Ww, _lnÀe-£y-amW inJm-b-tÚm-]-[m-cWw
IÀ½ntWm Krl-Øky A´-cq] hoX e£Ww
Xp _ln-kvX -´p-h-Z-hy-à-a´ kvXXz-ta-f\w
B´-cn-Ii
- n-Jbpw btÚm-]-ho-Xhpw {_Ò-cq-]-a -b-
\mb Cu ]pcp-jsâ kXyw Xs¶- bm-Wv, tam£w B{K-ln-
¡p¶ {_mÒ-W³ Cu B´-co-I-in-J-sbbpw btÚm-]-
ho-X-s¯bpw [cn-¡-Ww. ]pdsa ImWp¶ btÚm-]-ho-
Xhpw inJbpw IÀ½n-I-fmb Krl-ØÀ¡v th­n-bp-Å-
Xm-W.v B´-cn-I-in-Jbpw btÚm-]-ho-Xhpw ]pdsa DÅ
kq{Xw t]mse hyà-a-Ã. F¦nepw Ahy-àhpw ]c-{_-Ò-
t¯mSv tbmPn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xp-am-Wv.
\ k¶m-k¶ kZ-kZv `n¶m-`n¶w \ tNm `bw
\ k`mwKw \ \nÀ`mKw \ Nm]yp-`-b-cq-]Iw {_Òm-
ssß-IXz hnÚm\w tlybw anYym XzIm-c-WmXv
kXv, Ak-Xv, `n¶w, A`n-¶w, D`-bm-ß-Iw, k`m-Kw,
\nÀ`m-Kw, DZ-b-kz-cq]w CsXm-¶p-aà Ahn-Zy-bpsS kzcq-
]w. AXnsâ kzcq]w kÀhYm A\nÀh-N-\o-b-am-W v.
A\nÀh-N-\ob {_Ò- ¯nsâ BssßI XXz- Úm\w D­m-
Im-Xn-cn-¡p¶ Imew AhnZy \ne-\n¡pw F¶m {_Ò-
kz-cq-]-Úm-\w e`n-¨m CsXÃmw ssIhn-tS-­-XmWv
F¶pw t_m[y-am-Ipw. Fs´- ¶m AsXÃmw anYy-bm-Ip-
¶p.
4. ]©-] mXv {_ÒtWm \ In©\ XNp-j v] m-Z-
´ÀhÀ¯nt\m A´ÀPoh {_Ò-W-Ý-Xzm-cn-Ø m-
\m\n \m`n-l-rZ-b-IWvT aqÀ[kp Pm{KXv kz]v \-
kp-j p]vX n Xpco-b m-h Ømx Bl-h - \ ob KmÀl-
]Xy Z£nW k`ym- á n- j p. PmK- c otX {_Òm-
kz]v t \ hnjv W p; kpjp]v X u cp{Z- k v X p- c ob
a£cw Nn·-bw. Xkvam-¨-Xp-c-hØm NXp-cm-Kp-et- h-
ã-\ -anh j®-hXn XXzm\n X´p-hZv hn`-P y-X -Zm-
lnXw {XnKp-Wo-IrXym Zzm{Xow i¯-Xz-\n-jv¡Àj-
am- ] mZy Ú m\ - ] qX w {X nKp- W - k z- c q] w
{XnaqÀ¯nXzw ]rYIv hnÚm\ \h {_Òm-Jy-\-
h-Kp-tWm-t]Xw ÚmXzm \h-am-\-an-Xkv{Xn KpWo-
N P
IrXy kptcy-µ z-á n-I-e m-k z-cq-]-tXz-s s\Io IrXym K
`y´tc XXz-a]n at[y {Xncm-hrXym {_Ò-hn-jvWp-
a-tl-iz-cXzw a\kn kÔmb BZy-´-ta-Io-IrXy
NnZv{K-Ùm-h-ssZz-X-{KÙnw IrXzm-\m-`yZn {_Ò-_n-
e-{]-am-Ww. ]rYIv ]rYIv k]vXh - nw-iXn X]m-kw-
_Ôw {XnKptWm t]Xw {XnaqÀ¯n e£-We - -£n-
X-a-t]y-I-Xzam D]m-Zy-hm-amw-km-ZmZn Zn£n-W-I-Sy´w
hn`mhy A`y-´-{K-l-kt- ½-f-\t- aIw ÚmXzm aqe-
taIw kXyw ar¬abw hnÚmXw kymZzm-N m-cw-
`Ww hnImtcm \ma-t[bw ar¯n-tI-tXyh kXyw
lw tkXn hÀ®- Z ztb \m´x intJm- ] - h oXzw
\nÝnXy {_Ò-WXzw {_Ò-[ym-\mÀlXzw bXn Xz
ae£n Xm´x intJm ] hoXn-Xz-tahw _lnÀ e£n-
Xm´x intJm-]-ho-Xn-Xz-tahw _lnÀ e£n-Xm´x
intJm-]-ho-Xn-Xz-tahw _lnÀ e£nX IÀ½-inJm
Úmt\m-]-hoXw Krl-Øm-kym-`mk {_mÒ-Xzky
tIi-k-aq-l -i nJm {]Xy£ IÀ¸m-k-X-´p-IrtXm
]oXXzw NXpÀ KpWo-IrXy NXpÀhnw-i Xn XXzm-
]mZu X´p IrXzw \h-X-Xz-ta-I-tah ]cw {_Ò
XXv {]Xn-kc tbmKy-XzmXv _lp-amÀ¤-{]-h r-¯nw,
Iev]-b-´n. kÀthjmw {_Òm-Zo\mw tZhÀjoWmw
a\p-jymWmw aqÀ¯n tcIm. {_ssÒ-I-ta-h. {_Ò-
W-X z-ta-I-ta-h. hÀ®m-{i-anWm taI-tah hZ-´n.
lwkx, inJm, {]W-h, ap]-\ o-X w, \mZx, kÔm-
\w, Gj [Àt½m t\Xtcm [À½x XXv IY-a nXn
{]W-h -l wtkm \mZ-k v{Xn-h rXv kq{Xw kzlrZn
ssNXt\y XnjvTXn {Xnhn[w {_Ò XZv hr²n {]m]-
©n-I-in-tJm-t]Xw XytP-Xv.
]©-]m-Z-{_-Ò-¯n\v X¶n \n¶pw hyXy-kX v -ambn
Ahn-Zym-cq-]-apt­m CÃtbm F¶ kwibw AØm-\-¯m-
Wv. hrãn, kaãn cq]-ambn NXpjv]m Zm´ÀK-X-ambn
DÅn \ne-sIm-Åp¶ Pohn-cq-]n-bmb {_Òs¯ {]m]n-
¡m³ \mev Øm\-§-fp-­v. \m`n, lrZ-bw, IWvTw, inc-
Êv, AXns\ {]m]n-¡m³ Pm{K-¯v, kz]v\w, kpjp]vXn
Xpcobw F¶o \me-h-Ø-If - p-ap-­v. Bl-h\ - obw KmÀl-
]Xyw Z£nWw k`yw F¶o Aán-I-fn bYm-tbmKyw
Bßm-hns\ `mh\ sN¿-Ww. Pm{K-Z-h- Ø-bn {_Òmhpw
kz]v\-¯n hnjvWphpw kpjp-]vXn-bn cp{Z\pw Xpco-
b-¯n A£-chpw Ahn-\m-in-bmb Nn{Zp-]-{_-Òhpw
Bbn-cn-¡-Ww. e£yw. k\ymkn {_Ò-a-ba - mb btÚm
]ho-Xhpw [cn- ¡m-dp-­v. {_Òs¯ {]m]n-¡m³ \mep Ah-
Ø-IÄ ]cn-K-Wn-¡- s¸-«n-cn- ¡p-¶p. AXv \mep hnc-ep-I-fpsS
thã-\a - m-W.v AXn sXm®q-ämdp XXz-§Ä AS-§n-bn-cn-
¡p-¶p. AXv aq¶mbn hn`-Pn¨v ap¸¯n c­p XXz-§-epsS
k\n-jIv Àj amb cq]w k¼m-Zn¨v Úm\-¯m hnip-²-
amb {XnKpW kz`m- h-t¯mSp IqSn-b-Xm-sW¶p a\-Ên-em¡n
kqcy³, N{µ³, Aán F¶o Iem-cq-]-hp-ambn GIo-`-hn¨v
{_Òm-hnjvWp atl-iz-c-·msc A\p-k-Ôm\w sNbvXp.
 574

I \m`n apXÂ {_Ò _new hsc-bpÅ hn`n-¶-§-fmb Ccp-]- XÕq{Xw [mc-tbZv tbmKo K
¯n-tbgp XXz-§ sf kw_-Ô n-¡ p¶ kmcw {Kln¨v tbmK hnZv {_ÒtWm bXnx
GIXzw Øm]n¨v CSXp tXmÄ apXÂ hes¯ Ac-s¡«v
{]tZiw hsc CXns\ `mhs\ sNbvXm Nn¯ ip²n
10. {_Ò-kq{Xw XymtPZv hnt{]m
e`n-¡pw. tbmK hnÚm\ XXv]cx
{_Ò-`m-h-anZw kq{Xw
a¬]m-{X-§Ä a®p-am-{X-am-Wv. AXn asäm¶pw CsÃ-
¶-dn-bp-¶-Xp-t]mse {_Ò-\nÀ½n-X-amb FÃmhkvXp-¡fpw [mc-tbXv bx kx apàn-`mIv
{_Ò-am-sW¶v a\-Ên-em-¡-Ww. lwk-sa¶ {_Ò-¯nsâ \mip-NnXzw \tNm-Ñnãw
Awiw Xs¶- bmWv Xm³ F¶p a\-Ên-em¡n {_mÒ-W- Xzw, Xky kq{Xky [mc-Wm-Xv.
{_Ò [ym\-tbm-Ky-X-b-XnXzw Ch km[n-¡mw. At¸mÄ
inJ-sbm- sSm¸w Xe- apSn apdn- ¨p. _mly- b- tÚm-]-hoXw
am{Xta a\p-jy³ bYmÀ°-¯n A´x inJ-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-
Dt]-£n-¡ p-Ibpw Ahn-\m-in-bmb ]c- {_-Ò-s¯-¯ s¶
b-h\pw A´À btÚm-]-ho-X-[m-cn-bp-am-sW¶v Icp-X-s¸-
kq{X-cq-]-¯n [cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-I. \nc-´cw tam£-
Sp-Ib
- p-Åq. ]pdsa ImWp¶ inJbpw ]qWp-\qepw Krl-
Nn´ hln¨v ]n³ P·w Hgn-hm-¡m³ {ian-¡p-I. kqN-I-am-
Ø m- { i - a n- I Ä¡ v th­ - X m- W v . i nJ bpw ]cp¯ n
b-Xp- sIm- ­mWv kq{X- sa¶ t]À kn²n-¨-Xv. bYmÀ° kq{X-
\qÂsIm­p XoÀ¯ ]qWq-epw {_Ò-W-Xz-¯nsâ AsÃ-
Úm\w kn²n-¨-h-\mWv apap- £p. `n£p-I\pw kZm- Nm- cnbpw
¦n sshZn-I-IÀ½m-\p-jT v m-\-¯n-\pÅ tbmKy-X-bpsS Hcp
{_mÒ-W\pw Ah³ Xs¶. AJÞ {_Òm-Þs¯ ]c-
NnÓw am{X- am-W.v
{_Òw \qen aWn-IÄ t]mse tImÀ¯n- cn-¡p-¶p. B
GXp hn`m-K-¡m-cp-sS-bm-bmepw apàn, {_Òw {_mÒ- kq{Xw tbmK-Ú\pw bXnbpw {_Ò-W\pw [cn-¡-Ww.
WXzw F¶n-h-sbÃmw H- ¶p-X- s¶-bm-Wv. hÀ®m {iam-Nm-c- _mly- kq- {Xs¯ kÀhYm Dt]-£n-¡p-I. {_Ò `mh- bp- à-
§Ä `n¶-§-fm-W.v hÀ®m-{i-a-hy-hØ ]men-¡p-¶-hc - psS amb kq{Xs¯ [cn-¡ p-¶ - h ³ apàn¡v A[n-I m-c n-
cq]w H¶p Xs¶. tam£m-[n-Im-cn-bmb bXn-bpsS inJbpw bmbn¯ocp-¶p. ImcWw B kq{X-¯n bmsXmcp hn[-
btÚm-]-ho-X-¯nsâ BZn Imc-W-amb HmwIm-chpw H¶p- ¯n-epÅ Aip-Nn-Xztam D¨n-ã-Xztam A]-hn-{X-Xtbm CÃ.
X-s¶. Ah- cpsS ]c-{_Ò Xs¶-bmWv inJ HmwImcw Xs¶
11. kq{X-a-´À KXw tbjmw
D]-ho-Xw. Ch c­n-s\bpw kwtbm-Pn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv \mZw.
Úm\n kza-ln-a-bm Bß- Øn-X- \mbn ssNX\y kzcq-
Úm\ bPvtVm-]-ho-Xn\mw
]-amb lrZ-b-¯ n hkn-¡ p-¶ p. Bß-kz-c q-] -\mbn tb Xp kq{X-hntZm temtI
kXys¯ Adn-b-W-sa-¶m-{K-ln-¡p-¶p-sh-¦n Bß-X- Xz- tX N btÚm]hoXn \x
¯n \n¶v `n¶-ambn H¶pw ImWm³ B{K-ln-¡p-¶n-sÃ-
12. Úm\ ]qÀ®mx Úm\-\njvTmx
¦n Ah³ IÀ½- a-bhpw {]m]-©n-I-hp-amb inJ-sbbpw
btÚm-]-ho-X-s¯bpw ]cn-Xy-Pn-t¡-­-Xp-­v.
Úm\ btÚm-]-ho-X n\x
Úm\-tah ]cw tXjmw
6. k inJw hN\w IrXzm
]hn{Xw Úm\-an-coXw
_lnx kq{Xw XytPXv _p[x
13. Atá cnh inJm \m\ym
b Z£cw ]cw {_Ò
Xky Úm\-abo inJm
XXv kq{X-anXn [mc-tbXv
k inJo-Xyp-NyptX hnZzm³
7. ]p\ÀP-·-\n-h r-XzÀ°w
t\Xtc tIi [mcnWx
tamN-£-kym-lÀ \niw kvatcXv
14. IÀ½-Wy-[n-IrXm tb Xp
kqN-\m-Õ q{X anXypàw
sshZntI euIntI ]nhm
kq{Xw \ma ]cw ]Zw
{_mÒ-Wm-`m-k-am-t{XW
8. aXv kq{Xw hnZnXw tb\
Poht´ Ip£n-]q-cImx
k apap-£px k `n£pIx
{hPt´ \ncbw tX Xp ]p\ÀP-·\n P·\n
k thZ-hnXv kZm-Nmcx
15. hmamw-k-Z£ ISy´w
k hn{]x ]wàn ]mh\x
{_Ò-kq{Xw Xq khyXx
9. tb\ kÀh anZw t{]mXw A´À _ln-cn-hm-XyÀ°w
kqt{X aWn KWm Ch
XXz-X´p ka-\znXw
N P
 575
I GsXmcp Úm\-a-b-b-tÚm- ]-ho-X-[m-cn-bpsS DÅnÂ
Cu kq{X-ap-­v, Ah-\mWv bYmÀ°-¯n kq{X-Úm-\-
ap-Å-h\pw bYmÀ° btÚm-]-ho-X-[m-cnbpw Úm\-bp-
à-amb inJ-tbm-Sp-Iq-Snb Úm\-\n-jvTÀ¡pw Úm\-am-
Ip¶ btÚm-]-hoXw [cn-¡p-¶-hÀ¡pw Úm\w Xs¶-
bmWv kÀhhpw. AbmÄ Xs¶ hnZzm\pw inJ-bp-Å-h\pw
aäp Xc-¯n \o­ Xe-apSn Is­¶p sh¨v Ah³ inJm-
[m-cn-b-Ã. sshZn-I-eu-In-I-IÀ½-§-fn apgpInbn-cn-¡p-¶-
hÀ {_Ò-Wm-`m-k-·mÀ am{Xw. AhÀ tIhew DZc ]qcW-
·m-cm- Wv. bYmÀ° Úm\n CSs¯ tXmÄ apXÂ hes¯
ISn-{]-tZiw hsc B´-co-Ihpw bYmÀXzp-amb Úm\w
sIm­v kn²n¨ ]c-a-X-Xz-am-Ip¶ \qen-\m \nÀ½n-X- amb
{_Ò-kq-{Xs¯ \m`n-ap-XÂ {_Ò-c{µw hsc bYm-{]-amWw
[cn-t¡-­ -Xp-­v.
16. \m`ym-Zn-{_-Ò-c-{Ôm´
{]am-Ww [mc-tbXv kq[o
tY`yp [mcy-anZw kq{Xw
{InbmwKw X´p \nÀ½nXw
inJm Úm\-abo bky
D]-hoXw N X·bw
17. {_mÒWyw kIew Xky
t\X-tcjmw XpIn-©\
CZw-b-tÚm-] -hoXw
Xp ]c-aw-XXv ]cm-bWw
18. hnZzm³ btÚm-]-ho-Xoþ
kw[m-ct- bXv bx k apàn `mIv
_ln-c-´-tÝm-]-hoXn
1 ]mip-]-X-{_-tÒm-]-\n-j¯v
im´n- ] mTw
Hmw. `{Zw IÀt®`nx irWp-bma tZhmx `{Zw
]tÝy-a m-£`- nÀ bP{Xmx Ønssc-cw-ssK-kvXpjvT
hmwk kv X \q- ` nÀhy- t ia tZh- l nXw bpZmbpx
kzkvXnx \x Ct{µm hr²-{ihmx kzkvXn \x ]qjm
hniz thZmx kzkvXn \kvXmÀt£y AcnjvS t\anx
N P
hn{]x k\y-kvXp-aÀlXn K
19. GI-b-tÚm-]-hoXn Xp
ss\h k\ym-k vXp-a-lnXn
20. XkvamXv kÀh-{]-b-Xvt\\
tam£m-t]£o `thXv bXnx
_lnx kq{Xw ]cn-XyPy
kzm´x kq{Xw Xp [mc-tbXv
_lnx {]]© intJm-]-ho-XnXz a\m-Zr-Xy-{]-W-
h-lw-k-in-tJm-]-ho-XnXz ah-ew_y tam£-km-[\w
Ipcym-Zn-Xyml `K-hm³ iu\Ix CXyp-]-\n-j-Xv.
Cuhn[w ]c-a-X- Xz-am-Ip¶ X´p-hn-\m \nÀ½n-¡-s¸-
«Xpw hnhn[ {Inb-I-fpsS AwK-`q-X-hp-amb Cu kq{Xw [cn-
¡-Ww. Úm\-amb inJbpw Úm\-a-tbm-]-ho-Xhpw DÅ-
h\v FÃm hkvXp-¡fpw {_Ò-am-Wv. asäm-¶p-an-Ã. ]c-a-X-
Xz- kz-cq- ]- amb btÚm-]-hoXw [cn-¡p¶ Úm\n btÚm-
]-ho-Xn-bm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah³ Xs¶-bmWv tam£m-[n-Im-
cn. B´-cn-Ihpw _mly-hp-a m-bpÅ btÚm-]-ho-Xn-bm-
bmWv k\ym-k-¯n-\-[n-Im-cn. tIhew btÚm- ]-hoXw [cn-
¡p-¶-h³ k\ym-k-¯n-\-[n-Im-cn-b-Ã, sshcmKyw ssIh-¶-
ht\ k\ym-k-¯n\p A[n-Im-c-ap-Åq. AXn-\m Hcp bXn
kÀh {]Im-c- ¯nepw apap-£p-hm-bn-cn-¡-Ww. Ah³ _mly-
kq- { Xs¯ At]- £ n¨v B´ - c - k q{Xw [cn- ¡ - W w.
_mlyhpw {]]-©-a-bh - p-amb inJ shSnªp btÚm-]-
hoXw ssIhn-«v, Hmw Imc {_Ò-cq-]n-bmb inJ-sbbpw
btÚm-] -h o-X -s ¯bpw ssIs¡m­ tam£-k m-[ \
sN¿Ww F¶v iu\-I³ Acp-fn-sN-bvXp.
]c-{_-Ò-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
3
kzkvXn t\m _rl-kv]-XnÀ Z[m-Xp. Hmw im´nx
im´nx im´nx
tZh-·m- sc, R§Ä ImXp- IÄ sIm­v \ÃXp tIÄ¡p-
am-dm-I-s«. I®p-IÄ sIm­v \ÃXv ImWp-hm-\n-Sh- c
- -s«.
kpZr-V§ - -fmb AwK-§-fmepw ico-c-§-fmepw \n§sf
kvXpXn-¨p-sIm­v tZh-·mÀ R§Ä¡v \nÝ-bn-¨n-«pÅ
 576
I BbpÊp apgp-h\pw A\p-`-hn-¡m-\n-S-h-c-s«. alm-IoÀ¯n-
am-\mb C{µ³ R§Ä¡v \·-\e - vI-s«. kÀh-Ú\mb
]pjmhv R§Ä¡v \· \ÂI-s«. A{]-Xn-tcm-[y-KX - n-bmb
Kcp-U³ R§Ä¡v \·-b-cp-f-s«. _rl-kv]Xn R§Ä¡v
\·-b-cp-fs
- «. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
]qÀh- ImWvU w
AY l ssh kzbw-`qÀ {_Òm {]Pmx krPm
\oXn Ima-Imtam PmbtX Imta-iztcm ssh{i-hWx
ssh{i- h tWm {_Ò-] p{Xm _me- J neyx kzbw
`phw ]cn-]r-ÑXn PKXmw Im hnZym Im tZhXm
Pm{K-X p-c o-b-t bm-c ky tIm tZthm bm\n Xky
him\n Imemx InbXv {]amWmx Ikym-Úbm
chn N{µ-{l-lm-Ztbm `mkt´ Iky aln-am-KK - \
k zc q] G X - Z l w t{i mX p - a n- Ñ man \ mt\ y m
Pm\mXnXzw {_qln-{_-Ò³. kzbw `qcp-h m-N -I r-
Xvkv\P KXmw amXrIm hnZym Zzn{Xn hÀ®-kl - nXm
ZznhÀ®-amXm {XnhÀ® klnXm ZznhÀ® amXm
{XnhÀ® klnXw þ NXpÀam{Xm ßtImw-Imtcm
aa {]mWm- ß nIw tZhXm Al- t ah PK- { Xb
sskyIx ]Xnx aa him\n kÀhmWn bpKm-\y-]n.
Atlm-cm-{Xm-Ztbm aXv kwhÀ²nXmx Imemx aa
c p ] m- c th k vtX P Ý N {µ \ £ {X {K l
tXPmwkn N KKt\m aa {Xniàn ambm kzcq-
t]m. \mt\ym aZ-kvXn. Xtam ambm-ßtIm cp{Zx
kmXzn-Ia - m-bm-ßtIm hnjvWpx cmP-ka - m-bm-ßtIm
{_Òm. C{µm-Z-b-kvXm-a-kc - m-P-km-ßnIm \ kmXzn
tIm ]n. AtLmcx kÀh km[m-cW kzcq]x
kzbw `qhmb {_Òm-hnsâ a\-Ên Hcn-¡Â {]P-
Isf krjvSn-¡ -W-s a¶ B{K-l-a p-­ m-b n. AtXmsS
At±lw Ima-\-Isf ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-¡p¶ cp{Z- s\bpw ssh{i-
h-Ws - \bpw krjvSn-¨p. At¸mÄ ssh{i-h-W\pw {_Ò-
]p-{X-\mb _meJney\pw {_Òm-hn-t\mSv tNmZn¨p:þ ""PK-
¯n hnZy F´mWv?'' Pm{K-¯p-co-bm-hØ - -bpsS tZh-X-
bm-cmWv? BÀ¡-[o\amWv PmK¯v? Ime-¯n\v F´mWv
{]amWw? kqcy-N{- µm-Zn-{K-l§ - Ä BcpsS BÚ-bmÂ
{]Im-in-¡p¶p? Cu Imcy-§Ä Adn-bm³ R§Ä¡v
IuXp-I-ap-­v. A§-bv¡-ÃmsX aämÀ¡pw CXv \nÝ-b-an-
Ã. AXp-s Im­v AsXÃmw ]dªp Xcp-I . kzbw`q
]dªp:þ ""temI-¯nse amXr-Im-]-c-amb hÀ®-am-e-bmb
amXm-hm-W,v hnZy, AXv lwkw F¶p c­p-hÀ®-§-tfmSp
IqSn-b-Xp-am-Ip-¶p. \mep-am-{X-bpÅ HmwImcw Fsâ {]mW-
tZ-hX- -bm-W.v aq¶p temI-¯n\pw Htc Hcp \mY³ Rm³
Xs¶ kIe bpK-§fpw Fsâ hi-hÀ¯n-I-fm-Ip-¶p.
F¶n \n¶pamWv Zn\-cm-{X-§Ä XpS-§nb Ime-§Ä
D­m-b-Xv. kqcytâ tXPÊpw N{µ-\-£-{X-{K-lm-Zn-If - nse
tPymXnÊpw Fsâ {]Whw ¶ aq¶p-hÀ®-§-sfbpw IqSn-
bXp Xs¶ Cu BImiw Fsâ aq¶v iàn imen-bmb
N P
ambm cq]-am-Wv. Rm\-ÃmsX Hcn-S¯pw H¶p-an-Ã. cp{Z³
K
Xtam-a-b-\mb ambm-cp-]hpw hnjvWp kXz-Kp-Wa - -b-\mb
ambm-cq-]hpw {_Òmhv ctPm-Kp-Wo-b -ambm cq]-hp-am-Wv.
C{µm-Zn-tZ-h-·mÀ ctPm-Kp- W-Xtam KpW- bp-à-·m- cm-Wv. Ah-
cn kmXzn-Ic - m-bn-«m-cp-an-Ã. tIhew inh³ am{X-amWv
kÀh km[m-cW cq]n.
2. ka-kvXb - m-Km\mw cp{Zx ]ip-IÀ¯m-cp-t{Zm-cpt{Zm
bmK- t Zthm hnjv W p- c - Z z- c ypÀtlm- t X- {µ- t Z-h Xm
bÚ-`pKv am\kw {_Ò-am-tl-izcx {_Ò-am-\kw
lwkx-tkmlw lwkx CXn. X·-b-btÚm \mZm-
\p- k - Ô m- \ w. X·- b - h n- I m- t cm- P ohx ]c- a mßm
kzcqt]m lwkx A´À_-ln-Ý-cXn lwkx A´À
KtXm \hIm- i m- ´ ÀKX kphÀ® kzcqt]m
lwkx j®-hXn XXz-X´ - p-hXv hyàw NnÕq{Xw
{Xb Nn·-b-e-£ Ww \h-X-Xz-{Xn-cm-hrXw {_Ò-
hn- j v W p- a - t l- i z- c m- ß - I - a - á n- { X- b - I - t em- t ]Xw
NnXv{KÙn _Ô\w AssZz-X-{KÙnx bÚ-km-[m-
c-W mwKw _ln-c-´ÀPz-e \w bÚmwK e£W
{_Ò kzcqt]m lwkx D]-ho-X-e-£-W-kq-{X-{_-
Ò-K m-b Úmx {_Òw Ke-£ - W - b pàw bÚ-
kq{Xw XZv {_Ò kq{Xw bÚ-kq-{X-kw-_ Ôn
{_Ò- b Úx XXv kzcqt]mw Km\nam- { XmWn
at\m-b-Ú ky lwtkm- b-Ú -k q- {Xw. {]Whw
{_ mÒ - k q{X w {_ Ò - b - Ú - a bw {] W - h m-
´ÀhÀ¯n lwtkm-{_-Ò -k q{Xw XtZ-h -{ _-Ò -b-
Ú-abw tam£-{Iaw {_Ò-k-Ôym-{Inbm at\m-
bmKx kÔym {Inbm at\m- bm-K ky e£- W w.
bÚ- k q-{ X- { ]- W - h - {_- Ò - bÚ {Inbm- bptàm
{_mÒWx {_Ò-Nt- cyW Nc´n tZhmx lwk-kq-
{X-Ncym bÚx lwk{]W-h-tbm-ct- `Zx
kIe bÚ§-fp-sSbpw IÀ¯mhv ]ip-]-Xn-bmb
`K-hm³ cp{Z-\m- Ip-¶p. hnjvWp A[z-cyphpw C{µ³ tlmXm-
hp-am-Wv. inhsâ am\Êv {_Ò-b-Út- `m-àm-¡Ä tZh-
·m-cm-Wv. B am\k {_l-a-¯nsâ cq]-amWv lwkw.
""lwkw, tkmlw'' F¶ X³a-bXzw kn²n-¡p-hm³ sN¿-
s¸-Sp¶ bÚ-amWv \mZm-\p-k-Ôm\w X·-b-Xz-hn-Imcw
Xs¶ Poh³. ]c-amß kzcq-]-amb Cu lwkw AI¯pw
]pd¯pw k©-cn-¡p-¶p. DÅn-se-¯n-b-Xn-\p-tijw A\-
h-Im-i-Øm-\¯v Cu lwkw kzÀ®-cq-]-am-Ip-¶p. Cuiz-
c³ sXm®q-ämdv XXz-§-fpsS cq]-¯n hyà-am-Ip¶
Nn¯nsâ {Xnkq-{X-§-fm H³]-Xp-X´ - p-¡t- fmSv aq¶n-c-
«n-bm-bXpw {_Ò-hn-jvWp-at- l-iz-c-cq-]n-bmb Aán-{X-b-bp-
à-bmb NnXv {KÙn-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸« AssZzX {KÙn-
bp-à-amb bÚ-¯nsâ km[m-c-Wa - mb AwK-cq-]-¯nÂ
AI¯pw ]pd¯pw {]Im-i n-¡ p¶ btÚm-] -h oXw
lwkw Xs¶.
C§s\ D]-hoX kq{Xw {_Ò-b-Ú-cq-]-am-W.v AXm-
bXv btÚm-] -h oXw {_Ò¯nsâ {]Xo-I -am-I p-¶p.

I btÚm-]-hoXw {_Ò-b-Úhpw H¶v asäm-¶nsâ kzcq-
]-hp-am-Wv. AXnsâ AwKw am{X-amWv btÚm-]-hoXw
Cu at\m-b-b-Ú-¯nsâ lwk-amWv {_Ò-bÚ bpà-
amb {]W-hhpw {_Ò-kq{Xw Xs¶. {]W-hm-´ÀhÀ¯n-
bmb lwkhpw {_Ò- kq-{X- am-Wv. Cu {_Ò- bÚw tam£-
km-[-\-am- Ip- ¶p. {_Ò-k-Ôy-am-\-knI bÚ- ¯nsâ e£-
W-amWv bÚ- kq{Xw {]Whpw {_Ò- bÚw F¶n-h-bpsS
{Inb-I-tfmSp IqSnbh\mWv {_mÒ-W³. tZh-·mÀ {_Ò-
N-cy-¯n hkn-¡p-¶p. lwkhpw {]W-hhpw H¶m-Wv.
lwkky {]mÀ°-\mkv{X Imemx {XnImem
kv{Xn hÀ®mx t{XXm-áy-\p-k-Ômt\m bmKx-t{X-
Xm- á ym- ß - I rXn hÀ® HmwImc; lwkm- \ p- k -
Ômt\m ´À bmKx NnÕz-cq-]h - ¯
- -·bw Xpco-b-
kz-c q]w A´-cm-ZntXy tPymXn kzcq-t]m-l wkx
bXv ÚmKw {_Ò-k¼ - ¯nx {_Ò-{]-hr¯u XXv
{]Wh lwk-k q- t{XssW h [ym\ amN-c -´ n.
t{]mhmN ]p\x kzbw `qhw {]Xn-Pm-\otX {_Ò-
]pt{Xm EjnÀ _me-Jneymx lwk-kq-{XmWn IXn-
kw-Jym\n InbZv hm {]amWw lrZym-Zn-Xy-a-co-Nn\mw
] Z w j ® - h X nx N nX v k q{X {L mW ntbmx
kzÀ\nÀ¤Xm {]W-hm-[mcm jUw Kpe Zim-ioXnx
hma-_m-lpÀ Z£nW ItSym-c-´Ý - -cXn lwkx ]c-
amßm {_Ò Kply {]Imtcm \m\y{X hnZnXx
Pm\´n tX arX ^eImx kÀh-Imew lwkw \
{]Im-iIw {]W-h-lw-km-´À[ym\ {]IrXnw hn\m
\ apàn.
aq¶p ka-b- §- fn- emWv lwk-¯nsâ {]mÀ°\ th­-
Xv. aq¶p Ime-¯nepw aq¶p hÀ®-am-Wp-Å-X.v Cu bÚw
Aán-{X-b-¯m-emWv sNt¿-­-Xv. aq¶v Aán-IÄ, Bßm-
hnsâ BIr-Xn, hÀ®-bp-à-amb Hm¦m-c-am-Ip¶ lwkw
Ch-sb-¸än Nn´n-¡p-I. B´-cnI bÚ-am-Ip-¶p. Nn{Zq-
]-hp-amb X·-bo-`-hn-¡p-¶Xv Xpcob kzcq-]a - m-Wv. AI-
¯pÅ BZn-Xy-\n lwk-¯nsâ tPymXn-kz-cq-]-am-Wp-
Å-Xv. bÚ-¯nsâ Cu AwKw Xs¶-bmWv {_Òk
¼¯v. AXp-sIm­v {_Òs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶-h³ {]W-h-
am-Ip¶ lwks¯ km[\ sNtÃ-­X - p-­v.
{_Ò-]p-{X-\mb _me-Jn-ey³ ho­pw kzbw `qhn-
t\mSv tNmZn-¨p. ""lwk kq{X-§-fpsS kwJy F{X-bmWv?
AXnsâ {]am-W-§Ä F{X-bmWv? A§bv¡v FÃmw Adn-
bm-a-tÃm. Zb-hp-sNbvXv ]d-ªp- X-c-Ww.'' AXp-tI«v kzbw`q
]dªp:þ ""lrZ-bm-Zn-Xysâ Inc-W-§Ä sXm®qän Bdm-
Wv. NnÕq-{X-{Lm-W-¯n kzc-k-lnXw \nÀK-fn-¡p¶
{]W-h[ - m-cbv¡v sXm®qän Bdv AwKp-e-am-Wv. CSs¯
`pP- ¯n-\-Sp¯v ISn- {]-tZ-i-¯nsâ he-Xp-`m- K¯v a[y-¯nÂ
]c-am-ßm-hmb lwkw \nh-kn-¡p-¶p. F¶m \nKq-V-
amb Cu hnj-b-s¯-¸än BÀ¡pw Adn-ªp-Iq-Sm. Aar-
XXzw e`n-¨-hÀ¡p-am-{Xta kIe ka-bhpw {]Im-ia
am-bn-cn-¡p¶ lwks¯ Adn-bm-\m-hq. {]W-ha - m-Ip¶
N P
577
lwks¯ B´cn-Ia
- mbn [ym\n-¡msX tam£w \n²n- K
¡p-I-bn-Ã.
\h-kq-{Xm³ ]cn-NÀ¨n-Xm³ tXy ]nbZv {_Ò-
N-c-´n. A´-cm-Zn-tXy\ Úm\w a\p-jym-Wmw. PK-
Zm-ZntXym tcmNX CXn ÚmXzm tXaÀXymx hn_p-
[m-kvX] - \
- {- ]mÀ°-\m-bpà BN-c´n hmP-t]bx
AÀ[zcypx ]ip-l¯m Ct{µm-tZ-h Xm Alnwkm
[À½ bmKx ]c-a-lwkx A[zmcyx ]c-am-ß-tZ-hXm
]ip-]Xn {_tÒm] \nj-i-tZm-{_-Ò . kzm²ym-b-
bpàm {_mÒ-Wm-Ý-c´ - n. Ai-A-h-ta[m alm-b-
Ú - I Y m X {Z mÚ m {_ Ò - N - c y - a m- N - c - ´ n.
Aizta[m alm-b-ÚI - Ym b{ZmÚm {_Ò-Nc - y-
am-N-c´- n. kÀthjmw ]qÀthmà {_Ò-b-Ú{Iaw
apàn- {I-a -a n- X n. {_Ò-] p{Xx tlmhmN DZntXm
lwk Ejnx kzbw `qkvXn tcmZ-t[. cpt{Zm {_tÒm-
]-\ n-jtZm lwk-tPymXn ]ip-]Xnx {]W-hk - vXm-
cIx k Ghw thZx
hÀ®-bp-àa - mb H³]Xp \qep-I-fpÅ btÚm-]-
hoXw [cn-¡p-¶-h\pw {_Ò-sa¶p Icp-Xn-¯s¶ AXns\
D]m-kn-¡p-¶p. F¶m AhÀ¡v A´-cm-Zn-Xy-{_-Ò-s¯-
¸-än-bpÅ Úm\-an-Ã. kqcy³ temI-¯n\v {]Imiw sImSp-
¡p¶p F¶p a\-Ên-em¡n AhÀ ip²-amb _p²n¡pw
Úm\-¯n-\p-ambn AXns\ {]mÀ°n-¡p-¶p. hmP-t]b
bÚw ]ip-]Xn cq]-am-Wv. AXnsâ tZhX C{µ-\m-Ip-
¶p. Alnwk ]men-¡pI Hcp alm-bÚw Xs¶. CXnÂ
]c-al- wkw F¶ A[z-cyphpw ]c-am-ßmhv tZh-X-bp-am-
Wv. thZ-§-fnepw D]-\n-j¯- p-I-fnepw {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡-s¸-«n-
«pÅ Cu {_Ò-s¯¯s¶-bmWv kzm²ym-b-bp-àc - mb
{_Ò-Úm-\n-IÄ Bcm-[n-¡p-¶X - v. Cu alm-b-Ús - ¯-
¸-än-bpÅ Úm\w Xs¶-bmWv Aiz-ta-[-b-Úw. CXns\
B{i-bn¨p am{Xta ChÀ¡v {_Ò-Úm\w BN-cn-¡m³
km[n-¡q. ap¼v kqNn-¸n¨ FÃm {_Ò-b-Úhpw apàn
\ÂIm³ t]m¶-Xm-Wv. {_Ò-]p-{X³ ho­pw ]dªp:þ
""F\n¡v lwk hnj-b-I-amb Úm\w e`n¨pIgnªp''
CXp-tI«v kzbw`q A{]-Xy-£-\m-bn. D]-\n-j-¯p-¡-fnÂ
]d-bp¶ lwk-tPym-XnÊp Xs¶-bmWv cp{Z³. kwkm-c-
¯n \n¶pw D²mcw e`n-¡m-\pÅ {]Whw Xs¶-bmWv
]ip-]X - n-sb¶v ]d-bmw.
D¯-c-I mWvU w
1. lwkm-ßa
- m-en-Im-hÀ® {_Ò-tIme {]tNm-ZnXx
]c-amßm ]pam-\n-X n-{_-Ò-k-¼¯
- n-Im-c nWn
2. B[ymtß {_Ò Iev]k
- y-B-IrXnx IoZrko
IYw-{_-ÒÚ
- m\ {]`m-k-Ôym-Imtem KÑXn
[oaXmw lwkmtJym tZh-am-ßm-Jy-am-ßX
- Xz {]Px-
- m-\-
IYw
 578
I 3. A´x-{]-W-h\- m-Zm-tJym-lwkx {]Xyb t_m[Ix
A´À KX-{]am KqVw Úm\-\mfw hncm-PnXw
4. inh-i-àym-ßIw cq]-Nn-·b
- m-\µ thZnXw
\mZ _nµp-Iem {XoWn-t\{Xw hniz-hn-tN-jvSn-Xw.
5. {Xnbw-K m\n inJm {XoWn Zzn{XmWmw kmwJy
amIrXnx
A´ÀKp-V-{]am lwkx {]am-Wm-¶nÀKXw _lnx
hÀ®-{_Òw lwk-¯nsâ P]w Xs¶-bm-W.v ]c-am-
ßmhpw ]pcp- j\pw CXp-X-s¶. Bß-Úm-\-¯m {_Ò-
Xp-ey-\m-bn-«p-Å-hs - \-¸än F´p-]-db- m-\mWv? Úm\n-IÄ
Ah-cpsS kabw {_Ò-NÀ¨-bnepw D]m-k-\-bnepw sNe-
h-gn-¡p-¶p. lwk-hpw Bßmhpw H¶m-sW¶v Øm]n-¡-
s¸-«- Xn- \p- tijw {]P FhnsS? B´-cnI {]W-h-\m- Z-¯mÂ
Adn-b-s¸-Sp¶ lwkw Xs¶-bmWv FÃm Úm\hpw
\ÂIp-¶X - v. B´-cn-Im-\p-`q-Xn-bm _mly-Úm\w e`n-
¡p-¶p. inh-iàn cq]-¯nepw Nn·-bm-\-µ-s\¶dnb-s¸-
Sp-¶Xpw AXp-Xs¶ \mZw, _nµp, Ie F¶o aq¶p
t\{X§fm-emWv PK¯v tNjvS-bm-bp-à-ambn cn¡p-¶-Xv.
aq¶v AwK-§f - m-epw, aq¶p inJ-I-fmepw ct­m aqt¶m
am{X-I-fmepw AXnsâ BIrXn hyà-am-Ip-¶p. C§s\
A´ÀÚm\w kn²n-¡p-t¼mÄ \nKq-V-amb Cu Bß-
Úm-\hpw _mly-cq-]-¯nepw e`y-am-Ipw.
6. {_Ò-kq-{X-]Z- w-tÚbw {_Òw hn[ypà e£-
Ww-l w- k mÀ¡ {]W-h -[ ym-\ -þ -a n-X yp- tà-Ú m\
kmKtc
7. GX ZznÚm\ amt{XW Úm\-km-Kc ]mcKx
kzXx-inhx ]ip-]X
- nx-km£o kÀhky kÀhZm
8. kÀthjmw Xp a\-kvtX-\-t{]-cnXw \nb-ta\ Xp
hnjtb KÑ-Xn. {]mW-tÝ-jvS-btX hmKzZ Xy]n
9. N£px-]i
- yXn cq]m-Wn-t{im{Xw kÀhw irtWm-
Xy]n A\ym\n Jm\n kÀhmWn tXss\h t{]cn-
Xm\n Xp
10. kzw kzw hnj-b-ap-±n-iy-{]-hÀ¯t´ \nc-´cw
{]hÀ¯-IXzw Nm]y-ky-am-bbm X kz`m-hXx
PKXv kq{X-cq-]- amb {_Ò-Úm\w t\Sp- Ibpw lwk-
cq- ] n-b mb kqcys\ {]W- h - ] qÀÆw [ym\n- ¡ p-I bpw
sN¿Ww F¶v Úm\n-IÄ D]- tZ-in-¡p-¶p. C§-s\- bpÅ
Úm\ k¼m-Z-\-¯m Úm\ kmK-c-¯nsâ adp-I-c-bn-
se-¯m³ km[n-¡pw. kzbw inh\pw ]ip-]-Xnbpw Xs¶-
bmWv kÀhZm km£n-cq-]-¯n tim`n¡p-¶-Xv. inh³
kI-e-cp-sSbpw a\-Êns\ t{]cn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw \nb-{´n-¡p-
Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. At±-l¯ - nsâ {]`m-h-¯m a\Êv hnj-
b-§-fn-te¡v t]mIp-¶p. {]mW³ {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p. hmWn
N P
D¨-cn-¡p¶ t\{X-§Ä ImWp-¶Xpw sNhn-IÄ tIÄ¡p-
K
¶Xpw A\y-§-fmb kÀth-{µn-b-§fpw X§-fpsS IÀ½-
§-fn hym]-cn-¡p-¶Xpw FÃmw amb-bpsS ^e-am-bn-«Wv
m- .
11. t{im{X amß\n Nm[ykvXw kzbw ]ip-]Xnx
]pam³ A\p-{]-hnky t{im{Xky ZZmXn t{im{X
Nmw inhx
12. a\x-km-ß\n Nm[y-kvXw-{]-hniy ]c-ta-izcx
a\kvXzw Xky k¯-tØm-b-ZZ- mXn \b-ta\ Xp
13. k Gh hnZn-Xm-Z\y kvXssYhm hnZnXm Z]n
At\y-jm-an-{µn-bmWmw Xp Iev]n-Xm-\m-a]oizcx
X¯-{Zp-]-a-\p-{]m]y ZZmXo \nb-ta\ Xp XXÝ
£pÝ-hmIv ssNh-a-\-Ým-\ym-\n-Jm\n N
15. \ KÑXn kzbw tPymXn kz`mth ]c-am-ß\o
AIÀ¯r-hn-jb {]Xy-Iv{]-Imiw kzmß
ss\h Xp
16. hn\m-XÀ¡ {]am-Wm-`ymw-{_Ò tbm
thZ thZkx
{]Xyp-Kmßm ]cw tPymXnÀambm km Xp al-¯ax
t{im{Xw Bßm-hns\ B{i-bn-¡p-¶ p. ]ip-] Xn
Xs¶bmWv t{im{X- ¯n {]th-in¨v AXn\p {ih-W-iàn
\ÂIp-¶-Xv. a\Êpw Bßm-hn A[y-kvXa - m-Wv. Cuiz-
c³ AXn {]th-in¨v AvhnsS \nesIm­v AXns\ \nb-
{´n¨v a\kvXzw \ÂIp-¶p. CtX-{]-Imcw B Cui³
Xs¶-bmWv kIe C{µn-b-§-sfbpw {]hÀ¯n-¸n-¡p-¶-X.v
F¶m Bfp-IÄ Nn´n-¡p-¶-Xn \n¶pw At±lw `n¶-
\m-Wv. At±lw Xs¶-bmWv kIe C{µn-b-§Ä¡pw ZX-
\p-Iq-e-§-fmb cq]w sImSp-¡p-¶Xpw \nb-{´n-¡p-¶X - pw.
AXp-sIm­v t\{Xw hmWn, a\Êv XpS-§nb FÃm C{µn-
b-§Ä¡pw ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ kzbw tPymXn cq]s¯ {]m]n-
¡m³ km[y-a-Ã. ]c-am-ßmhv A´x-I-cW - -hn-jb - -§-fnÂ
\ns¶Ãmw `n¶-\m-sW¶pw AXp-sIm­v XÀ¡hpw {]am-
Whpw IqSmsX AXns\ Xsâ Bßm-hn Adn-bm³ {ian-
¡-Ws - a¶pw a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶h
- \v ]c-amß Úm\w e`n-
¡pw. Cu Bßmhp Xs¶-bmWv ]ca {]Im-ik - z-cq-]w.
amb-bm-Is« tLmc-amb Xtam-cq-]a - m-W.v
17. XYm-kXn IXw amb-kw-`hx {]Xy-Km-ß\n
XkvamXv XÀ¡-{]-am-Wm-`yw-kzm-\n-`qXym
NNnZv Lt\
18. kz {]Im-ssk-Ikw knt²-\mkvXn ambm
]cm-ß\n
hymh-lm-cnI ZpjvtSy-bw-hnZym hnZym \ Nm\yYm
19. X¯z ZrjvSym Xp \mkvtXy hX-¯z-tahm kvXn
tIhew hymh-lm-cnI ZrjvSnkvXp {]Imim
hy`n-Nm-cXx
 579
I 20. {]Imi Gh-k-XXw Xkvam-Z-ssZzX Gh
ln AssZz-X-anXn tNmànÝ {]Im-km-\y-`n-Nm-cXx
AXp \nan¯w {]Xym-Km-ßmhpw ambbpw GIo-`-hn-
¡p-I-sb-¶Xv Hcp hn[-¯nepw kw`-hy-a-Ã. AXp t]mse
ssNX\y cq]nbpw kzbw {]Im-ih - p-amb ]c-am-ßm-hnÂ
amb Cà F¶Xv XÀ¡w \p`q- Xn-{]-amWw Ch-bm t_m[y-
am-Ipw. hnZy-bp-sSbpw Ahn-Zy-bp-sSbpw hnj-b-§Ä hymh-
lm-cn-I-am-Wv. Ahbv¡v ]c-am-ßm-hp-ambn bmsXmcp kw_-
Ô-hp-an-Ã. XXz-ZrjvSym Ch-sbÃmw anYy-bm-Wv. tIhew
H¶p am{Xta kXy-am-bn-«p-Åq. FÃmw AssZzXw Xs¶-bm-
sW¶pw AssZz-Xhpw At`-Z-am-sW¶pw a\-Ên-em-¡p-I.
21. {]Imi Gh kXXw Xkvam³ au\w
ln bpPytX
Ab-at°m alm³bky kzb-tah {]Im-inXx
22. \ kPothm \ N {_Ò\ Nm\y-Z]n In©\
\ Xky hÀ®m hnZy-t´-\m-{i-amÝ XssYh N
23. \ Xky [Àt½m [À½mÝ \ \ntjt[m
hn[nÀ \ NbZm {_Òm-ßIw kÀhw-hn-`mXn
XX Gh Xp
24. XZm ZpxJmZn t`tZm bam`mtkm ]n
\`m-k-tX.
PK-Öo-hmZn cqt]-W-]i - y-¶]n ]cm-ß-hnXv
25. \ XXv ]iyXn Nn{Zq-]w-{_-Òh
- k
- vtXzh ]iyXn
[À½-[mÀ½nXz hmÀ¯m Nt`Z kXn ln`n-Zy-tX.
C§s\ FÃmw Htc Hcp {]Imiw am{Xw AXn-s\-
¸än Gsd ]d-bp-¶-Xn-s\-¡mÄ au\-amWv t{ijvTw. Cu
al-¯ mb Úm\w kzbw kn²n-¨ -h À Poh-cp-] tam
{_Òtam atä-sX- ¦n-eptam AÃ, Ah\v hÀ®- §tfm [À½m-
[À½-§tfm hn[n \ntj-[-§tfm CÃ. kÀhw {_Ò-ambn
ImW-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ ZpxJmZn-I-sfm¶pw A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-I-bn-Ã.
C§s\ ]c-a{- _-ÒÚ - m\w kn²n-¨h - ³ tIhew Nn{Zq-]-
amb {_Ò-s ¯tb ImWp-I-b p-Å q. [À½-¯ n-s âbpw
[mÀ½n-I-Xz-¯n-sâbpw hnj-bt- `-Z-ap-s­-¦nepw AXv `n¶-
am-Ip-¶p.
26. t`Zm-t`-Z-kvXYm t`Zm-t`-Zx-km-£mXv ]cm-ß\x
\mkv Xn-kzm-ß m-Xn-tc-tI-W -kz-bta
hmkvXn kÀhZm
27. {_ssÒh hnZytX km£m-Xvh-kvXptXm 
hkvXptX ]nN
XssYh {_Ò hnÚm\o In KrlvWmXn
Plm-XnInw
28. A[n-jvTm-\-a-\u-]-ay-a-hm-Mva-\k
- t- Km-Ncw
b¯-Z-t{Z-iy-a -{Km-ly-A-cq]w tKm{X-hÀPnXw
N P
29. AN-£px-t{im-{X-a-XyÀ°w XZ-]mWn ]Zw XY K
\nXyw hn`pw kÀh-KXw kpkq£vaw N X Zhybw
30. {_ssÒ-th-Za
- -a-hr-XXv ]pc-kvXmXv {_Òm-\µw
]caw ssNh-]-Ým-Xv. {_Òm-\µw ]caw Z£ntW
N {_Òm-\µw ]caw tNm¯-tc-N.
F¶pw hncm-Pn-¡p-¶Xv Htc Hcp ]c-am-ßmhv am{X-
am- W.v aäpÅ FÃm t`Zhpw t`Zm- t`Z- §fpw Ah- \n Xs¶
hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. hkvXp-hmbpw Ah-kvXp-hmbpw Fs´-
Ãm-apt­m AsXÃmw {_Òw Xs¶. Cu ØnXn-bnÂ
{_Ò-Úm-\n-bmb Hcp-hs\ F§ns\ {Kln-¡m-\tam
XyPn-¡mt\m Ignbpw? D]- am-c-ln-X\pw hm¡n\pw a\-Ên\pw
AtKm-N-c\pw AZr-iy\pw A{Km-ly\pw AtKm-{X\pw Acq-
]\pw Aar-Xyphpw t\{X t{im{X ]mWn, ]mZ-cl - n-X\
- pw,
Ahy-b-\p-amb B {_Òw Xs¶-bmWv kÀh-¯n\pw A[n-
jvTm-\w. Ahsâ ap¶nepw ]n¶nepw t{ijvT-amb {_Òm-
\µw Xs¶. CS¯pw he¯pw B {_Òm-\µw Xs¶.
31. kzmß-t\yh kzbw kÀhw kZm-]-iyXn \nÀ`bx
XZm-aptàm \ apà-Ý-_-²s - skyh hnap-àXm
32. Ghw cq]m ]cm-hn-Zym-k-tXy\ X]-kmNn N
{_Ò-Nc- ym-Zn-`nÀ[Às½x e`ym-th-Zm´ hß\m
33. kzi-cotc kzbw tPymXn kzcq]w
]c-a mÀ°nImx
£oW-tZmjm {]]-iy-´n-t\-Xtc ambbm hrXmx
34. Ghw kzcq-]h- n-Úm-\w-bky
IkymkvXn tbmKn\x
Ip{X-NnXv Ka\w \mkvXn Xky k¼qÀ® cq]nWx
35. BImi taIw k¼qÀ®w Ip{X Nn¶ln KÑXn
XZv {_Òm-ßh
- nXv t{ijvTx Ip{X Nnss¶h
KÑ-Xn.
C{]-Im-c-apÅ km[-I³ FÃm-h-scbpw F¶pw Xsâ
Bßm-hnsâ DÅn Xs¶ ImWp-¶p. Cu `mh-\m-ap-
à\mb Úm\n am{X-aà - , AÚm-\nbpw apà-\m-Ip-
¶p. Cu ]cm-hnZy kXyw X]-Êv, {_Ò-Ncyw F¶n-h-
bm thZm-´-amÀ¤w aptJ\ kn²n-¡p-¶p. ip²m´x Ic-
W-·mcpw £oW-tZm-j³am-cp-am-bn-«p-Å-hÀ¡p am{Xta ]c-
am- ßm-hns\ ImWm³ km[n-¡q. amb-bn IpSp- §n-b-hÀ¡v
km[y-a-Ã. C§s\ Xsâ kzcq-]-a-dnªp ]qÀ®-Xt- \-Snb
tbmKn¡v P\-\-a-cW - §
- -fn-Ã. kÀh-hym-]n¡v Ft§m«pw
t]mtI-­-Xn-Ãt- Ãm. AXp-t]mse kzbw {_Ò-ambn Icp-
Xn-bn-«p-Å-h\v Hcn-S¯pw htc-­X - n-Ã. t]mtI-­-Xp-an-Ã.
36. A`-£yky \nhr-Xym-Xp-hn-ip²w
lrZbw `thXv
Blmc ip²u Nn¯-ky-hn-ip-²nÀ `hXn kzXx
 580
I 37. Nn¯-i p-²u-{I-amXv Úm\m-{Xp-`y´n
{K´bx kv^pSw
A`£yw {_l-a-h n-Ú m-\-hn-lo\
sskyh tZln\x
38. kay-IvÚm-\n-\-kvXZ- zm-Xvkz-cq]w kIew Jep
Al-a¶w kZm-¶m-Z-CXn ln {_Ò thZ\w
39. {_Ò-hnZv {KkXn Úm\m-XvkÀhw {_Òm
ß ss\h Xp {_Ò-£-{Xm-ZnIw kÀhw
kymkytZmZ\w kZm
40. btkym]m-tk-N\w arXypx-kvXw-Úm\n
XmZrix Jep
{_Ò-kz-cq] hnÚm-\m-XvP-KXv t`mPyw
`thXv Jep
Blm-c-¯n A`-£y-am-bn-«p-ÅXv ssIsh-Sn-ªmÂ
a\Êv ip²-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Blm-c-ip²n Nn¯ ip²n¡v
Imc-W-am-W.v Nn¯w ip²-am-bm Úm\w e`n-¡pw. {_Ò-
Úm-\-lo-\Àt¡ `£ym-`-£ym-hn-Nmcw th­q. ImcWw
kay-IvÚm-\n-bpsS kzcq]w AÚm-\n-sb-t¸mse t`Z-
Úm-\-bp-àa - Ã
- . `£n-¡p-¶-h³ Rm\mWv; `£yhpw
Rm\m-W,v F¶v Úm\n-¡-dn-bmw. F¶m {_Ò-Úm\n
kÀhw {_Ò-a-b-ambn ImWp-¶p. AXp-sIm­v {_mÒ-W-
£-{Xn-bmZn `mh\ Xs¶ Ahsâ t`mP-\-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
arXyp-hns\ Blm-c-am-bn-¡-cp-Xp¶ {_Ò-Ú³ A§-
s\-Xs¶ Bbn-¯o-cp-¶p. Cu ka-kvX-P-K¯pw Ah\v
t`mP-\a- m- W.v
41. PK-Zm-ßX
- bm `mXn bZm-t`mPyw `th-¯Zm
{_Ò-kzm-ßX - bm \nXyw `£nXw kIew XZm
42. bZm-`m-tk\ cqt]-W-PK
- Zv t`mPyw `th-XX
- Xv
am\Xx kzmß\m `mXw `£nXw `hXn {[phw
1 {]W-thm-]-\n-j¯v
Hmw kl-\m-h-hXp kl\u
`p\àp kl-hocyw Ic-hm-hssl
tXP-kzn-\m-h-[o-X-akvXp am hnZzn
N P
43. kzkz-cq]w kzbw `pMvtà \mkvXn K
t`mPyw ]rYIv kzXx
AkvXn tNmZ-kvanXm cq]w {_ssÒ
hmkvXnXz e£-Ww
44. AkvXnXm e£Wm k¯m-k¯m
{_Ò \ Nm]c
\mkvXn k¯m-Xntc tIW-\mkvXn ambm
N hkvXpXx
45. tbmKn\m amß-\n-jvSm-\mw-ambm
kzmß\n Iev]nXw
km£n kv]Xbm `mXn {_Ò-Úm-t\-\_ - m-[nX
46. {_Ò-hn-Úm\ k¼¶x {]Xo-Xa - -Jew PKZv
]iy¶ ]nkZm ss\h-]-iyXn kzmß\x
]rYIv CXyp-]-\n-j-¯v.
Bß-cq-]-¯n PK-¯ns\ A\p-`-hn-¡pt¼m AXv
t`mPy-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Bß-cq-]-¯n {_Òw Ft¸mgpw
`£n- ¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶p. Bcp-sS B`m-k-am-{X-am-bm Cu
PK¯v t`mPy-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p; Ft¸mÄ Cu Bß-cq]w
hnZn-X-am-Ip-¶p, At¸mÄ kI-eXpw {_Ò-¯m `£n-
¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. C§s\ {_Òw kzkz-cq-]-s¯-¯s¶ `£n-
¡p-¶p. Fs´-¶m `mPy ]ZmÀ°w AXnÂ\n¶pw `n¶-
a-Ã. AXp-t]mse AXv AkvXn-Xz-cq-]-am-sW-¦nepw {_Òw
Xs¶. {_Ò-an-ÃmsX H¶n\pw AkvXn-Xz-an-Ã. k¯-bpsS
e£Ww AkvXn-Xz-am-Wv. k¯ {_Ò-¯n \n¶pw `¶-
a-Ã. {_Ò-a-ÃmsX asämcp k¯-bn-Ã. amb-bnÂ\n¶v Hcp
bYmÀ° hkvXphpw D­m-Ip-¶n-Ã. tbmKn-IÄ X§-fpsS
Bßm-hns\bmWv amb-bmbn k¦-ev]n- ¡p-¶-Xv. {_Ò-Úm-
\-_m-[n-Xa - mbn AXv AhÀ¡v km£n-cq-]-¯n `mkn-
¡p-¶p. C§s\ {_Ò-Úm-\m-\p-`qXn ssIh¶ Úm\n
Hcp ]t£ PK-¯ns\ Xsâ ap¶n I­mepw AXns\
X¶n \n¶v hn`n-¶a - mbn Nn´n-¡p-¶n-Ã.
]mip- ]X
- {- _-tÒm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
3
jm hssl Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
]c-{_Òw R§Ä c­p t]scbpw c£n-¡p-am-dm-I-
s«. R§sf ]cn-]m-en-¡s
- «, R§Ä Hcp-an¨v Ign-hp-IÄ
 581

I t\StW, R§-fpsS A[y-b\w tXP-kzn-bm-ItW. R§Ä 5. bPpÀth-Zw, BIm-iw, Z£n-Wm-án, tZh-t{i-jvT-\mb K

At\ym\yw hntZzjw ]peÀ ¯m-Xn-cn-¡-tW. Hmw `K-hm³ hnjvWp-hnsâ kzcq]w Ch "D' Imc-¯n AS-
im´nx im´nx im´nx §p-¶p.
1. ]pc-kvXmXv {_Ò-W-kvXky 6. kma-thZw, kzÀ¤w, Bl-h-\o-bm-án, ]c-ta-iz-c³, Ch-
hnjvt Wm-c -Zv`p-X -IÀ½Wx cpsS kzcq]w aIm-c-¯n AS-§p-¶p.
clkyw {_Ò hnZymbmx 7. kqcy-a-WvU-e-am-`mXn
LrXmánw kw{]-N£ - tX lyIm-c-Ý{µ a[yKx
2. Hman-tXy-Im-£cw {_Ò DIm-Ý{µ k¦m-iþ
bZpàw {_Ò-hm-Zn`nx kvXky at[y hyh-ØnXx
icocw Xky h£yman 8. aIm-cÝ
- mán k¦mtim
Øm\w Ime-{Xbw XYm hn[qtXm hnZyp-tXm-]aw
3. X{X tZhm-kv{Xbx t{]màm Xnt{km am{Xm-kvXY - m-tÚbm
temIm thZm-kv{X-tbm-ábx tkma kqcym-án-tX-Pkx
Xnt{km am{XmÀ²-am{Xm N 9. inJm N Zo] k¦mim
{]Xy-£ky inhky XXv bkvanwkvXp ]cn-hÀ¯tX
4. EtKztZm KmÀl-]Xyw N AÀ²-am{Xw XYm-tÚbm
]rYnho {_Ò Gh N {]W-h-tkym-]cn ØnXm
AIm-cky icocw Xp 10. \mkmZn kqcy k¦miw
hymJymXw {_Ò hmZn`nx kqcyw lnXzm XYm-]cw
5. bÖpÀ thtZm-´c - o£w N 11. Zznk-]vXXn kl-{kmWn
Z£n-am-án-kvXs
- sYh N \mUn `n kzm Xp aqÀ²\n
hnjvWpÝ `K-hm³ tZhx hcZw kÀh-`q-Xm\mw
DImcx ]cn-IoÀ¯nXzx kÀhw hymss]yh XnjvTXn
6. kma-th-Zk
- vX-Ym-ZyuÝ 12. Imwky L­m-\n-\m-Zx-kymXv
Bl-h-\o-b-kvXs - sYh N bZm en]yXn im´tb
Cuizcx ]ctam tZthm Hm¦m-ckvXp XYm tbmPyx
aImcx ]cn-IoÀ¯n-X. {ipXtb kÀh-an-Ñ-Xn.
1. B AÂ`p-XI - À½-\mb hnjvWp-hns\ kw_-Ôn¨ 13. bkvan³ k eob-tX-i_vZ
{_Ò-hn-Zym-]-c-amb clkyw ChnsS ]d-bm³ XpS-§p-¶p. kvXXv ]cw {_Ò KobtX
2. {_Ò-th-Zn-I-fmb Úm\n-IÄ Hmw F¶ GIm-bn-cs¯ tkmarXXzmb Iev]tX
{_Ò-sa¶v ]d-ªn-«p-­.v AXnsâ ico-cw, Øm\w, Ime- tkmar-X-Xzmb Iev]tX
{Xbw Ch \ncq-]Ww sN¿-s¸-Sp-I-bm-Wv.
7þ9. AtXm-sSm¸w "A' F¶ A£cw N{µ aWvU-e-
3. B Hm¦m-c-¯n aq¶p tZh-·mÀ, aq¶p temIw, aq¶p ¯nsâ kao]w \ne-sIm-Åp-¶-Xm-Wv. kqcy-a-WvU- e- ¯nsâ
thZ-§Ä, aq¶v Aán-IÄ Ch DÄs¡mÅp¶p-­v. AtXm- kzcq-]-hp-am-W.v N{µ-kz-cq- ]-amb DIm-cw. Cu Hm¦m-c-¯nsâ
sSm¸w aq¶p am{X-Ifpw Hcp AÀ²-am-{Xbpw AXn a[y-¯n \ne sImÅp¶p. AXp-t]mse Aán kzcq-
tNÀ¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXv ]c-a-in-hX
- z-¯nsâ {]Xo-I-am-Wv. ]hpw (B Aán-bn ]pIsb¶Xn-Ã) an¶Â t]mse
4. EtKz-Zw, KmÀl-]X - ym-án, ]rYn-hn, Cu aq¶v AÀ°- {]Im-in-¡p-¶-Xp-amb "a' Imcw ØnXn sN¿p-¶p. Ahsb
¯n Hm¦m-c -¯ nse BZym-£ -c-a mb AIm-c -¯ n N{µ³, kqcy³, Aán Cu aq¶p am{X-I-sf¶pw a\-Ên-
DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p-sh¶v {_Ò-hm-Zn-IÄ hyà-am-¡n-bn-«p-­v. em-¡p-I. Zo]-in-J-sb-¶t- ]mse CXnepw inJ-bp-­v. AXv
AIm-cD- -Im-c-a-Im-c§
- Ä tNÀ¶mWv Hm¦mcw cq]-s¸-«n-«p- Hm¦m-c-¯nsâ Ah-km-\`- m-K¯ - pÅ AÀ²-am-{X-bm-Wv.
Å-Xv. 10-þ11 c­m-a-s¯Xv Xmac hfbw t]mse Zriy-am-\-am-Wv.

N P
 582
I AXv \mkm-c-{Ô-¯n \n¶v tXtPm-ab- -amb kqcy-a-WvU-
es¯ t`Zn¨v Fgp-]¯ - o-cm-bncw \mUn-IÄ¡p apI-fnÂ
kIe Pohn-IÄ¡pw hc-Zm\w \ÂIp-amdp \ne-sIm-Åp-
¶p. 12. apap£p tam£-t¯m-S-Sp-¡p-t¼mÄ Hm«p-a-Wn-bnÂ
\ns¶-¶t- ]mse Hcp i_vZw apg-§p-¶p. Cu Hm¦m-c-¯n\v
AXp-t]m-se-sbmcp kzcq-]-am-sW¶v a\-Ên-em-¡p-I. AXv
1 {]mWm- á n- t lm- t {Xm- ] - \ n- j ¯v
3
im´n-]mTw
Hmw kl-\ m-h -hXp kl \u `p\àp kl
hocyw Ic- h m-h ssl tXPkzn \mh-[ o- X - akvX p
amhn-Zzn-j m-hssl
]c-{_Òw R§Ä c­p-t]-scbpw c£n-¡-s«. AXv
R§Ä c­p-t]cpw Hcp-an¨v PohnXw apt¶m«p \bn-¡m-\n-
S-h-c-s«. R§Ä Hcp-an¨v Ign-hp-IÄ t\Sm-\n-S-hc
- -s«. R§-
fpsS A[y-b\w tXP-kzn-bm-Is - «. R§Ä At\ym\yw
tZzjn-¡m-\n-S-h-cm-Xn-cn-¡-s«.
1. AYmXx kÀthm-]-\n,-Õmcw kwkm-c-Úm-\m-
XoXw A¶-kq{Xw imcocw bÚw hymJym-kymax.
Akvan-t¶-h-] p-cp-j-i -cotc hn\m-]y- án-tlm-t{XW
hn\m]n kmwJy-tbm-tK-\-k w-k m-c -h n-ap-à nÀ `h-
XoXn tkz\ hn[n\m A¶w `Du-WHu \C-£n]y
bm Huj[ox tkma cmÚo-cnXn Xnkr-`n-c-¶-]X
CXn Zzm`ymw A\p-a-{´-btX bmx Huj-[bx tkma-
cm-Ú oÀ_lzox iX-h n-N -£ Wmx _rl-k v] Xnx
{]kvXmx t\m ap©³ Xzw lwkx
A\-´cw kIe D]-\n-j-¯p-I-fp-sSbpw kmc-`q-Xhpw
kmwkm-cn-IÚ - m-\m-Xo-Xhpw A¶- kq-{Xhpw Bb imco-cn-
I-b -Ú -s ¯-¸ än ]d-b p-¶ p. Cu ]pcp-j sâ icocw
Adnªp Ign-ªm Aántlm{X-hn[n Ah-cpsS hn[n-b-
\p-k-cn¨v `qan-bn \nÀ½n¨ thZn-bn ]¨-¡dn tNÀ¶
A¶w \nt£-]n¨v aqe-¯n kqNn-¸n¨ aq¶p a{´-§Ä
sIm­pw A¶-]tX XpS-§nb c­p a{´-§Ä sImavSpw
A`n-a-{´n-¡-Ww. {ItaW taÂ]- dª ct­m aqt¶m E¡p-
IÄ sIm­v AXm-bXv _rl-k] v Xn {]kq-X-§-fmb Huj-
[n-IÄ \t½ ]m]-ap-à-cm-¡- s«. F¶À°w hcp¶ B a{´-
§-fm ]qX- am-¡-Ww.
N P
K
thZ-kz-cq-]-am-Ip-¶p. AXv tIÄ¡m³ kI-e-cp-am-{K-ln-¡p-
¶p. 13. bmsXm-cp-h\ - n Cu Hm¦m-c-i_vZw eo\-am-bn-cn-
¡p-¶p. Abmsf {_Ò-sa¶v ]d-bmw. AbmÄ Aar-X-Xz-
{]m-]Xv n-¡Àl-\mWv F¶ Imcy-¯n kwi-b-¯n-\-h-Im-
i-an-Ã.
{]W-thm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
2. bm ^en\ox bm A^em A]pjv]m bmÝ-]p-
jv]nWox _rl kv]Xn {]kq-XmkvXm t\m ap©³
Xzw lkx
^e-ap-ÅXpw ^e-an-Ãm-¯Xpw ]qhp-ÅXpw ]q¡-fn-Ãm-
¯Xpw _rl-kv]Xn {]kq-X-hp-amb Huj-[n-IÄ \s½ ]m]-
ap-à -cm-¡- s«.
3. Pohemw \hm-cnjmw am tX _[v\m-tay-j-[nw-
bmX Bbp-cp-]-lc
- m-Z] c£mwkn ]mX-bmXv
4. A¶-]tX A¶ky t\ln Zzn]-tZ-Ý-Xp-jv]tZ
5. bZ-¶-aZv`nx _lp[m hncm²w cpss{Zx {]PKv[w
bZn hm -] n-i mssNx kÀhw XZo-i mt\m A`bw
IrtWmXp inh-ao-im-\mb kzmlm
Poh-emw... F¶p XpS-§nb a{´-¯mepw A¶-]tX
F¶ a{´-¯ mepw A`n-t jIw sN¿- W w. apI- f nÂ
sImSp¯ A©p a{´-§Ä sIm­v ]nÞ- ¯n Pe-¯mÂ
A`n-tjIw sN¿pI. a{´w sNmÃn A¶w kv]Àin¨v heXp-
ssI-bn Pe-sa-Sp¯v a{´-]qÀhw t{]m£Ww sN¿p-I.
6. A´-Ý -c kn `qtXjp Kplmbmw hniztXm
apJx Xzw bÚkvX zw {_Òm Xzw cp{Z kvX zw
hnjvW pkvX zw hj-S vImc Bt]m tPymXn-c tkm
AarXw {_Ò `qÀ`phx kphtcmw \ax
kÀh-hym-]n-bmbn \o Pohn-I-fpsS lrZ-b-K-lz-c-¯nÂ
ØnXn sN¿p-¶p. \o Xs¶ bÚw, \o Xs¶ {_Òm-hv,
\o Xs¶ cp{Z³, \o Xs¶ hnjvWp, \o Xs¶ hj-SvIm-
chpw Pehpw tPymXÊpw ckhpw Aar-Xhpw {_Òhpw
`qÀ`phx kzx \n\¡v \a-kvIm-cw.

I 7. B]x ]q\´p ]rYnhow ]rYnho ]qXm-] p-
\mXp amw ]p\´p {_Ò- W -k v] - X nÀ{_-Ò -] qXm
]p\mXp amw bZp-Ñn-ã-a-t`mPyw bZzm ZpÝ-cnXw aa
kÀhw ]p\´p Xw lymt]m f kXmw N {]Xn
{Klw Aar- X - a - k y- a r- t Xm- ] - k v X - c - W - a - k y- a rXw
{]mtW Pptlm-X y-am-in-jymt¶m f kn {]mWmb
kzmlm. A]m-\ mb kzmlmw, hym\mb kzmlm
kam-\mb kzmlm, DZm-\mb kzmlm, CXn I\n-jvTn-
Imw-Kpeym AwKp-jvtT\ N {]mtW Pptlm-an, A\m-
an-I bm A]mt\ a[y-abm hymt\\ kÀhm-` n-c p-
Zmt\ {]tZ-in\ym kamt\.
Peta \o ]rYn-hnsb ip²-am- ¡p- I. ]cn-ip-²- am- ¡-s¸« bÚ-]-cn-hrX Blp XoÀ tlma-bXn tkzi-cotc
]rYnhn Fs¶ ]cn-ip-²-\m-¡-s«. {_Ò-W-kv]-Xnbpw ]cn- bÚw ]cn-hÀ¯-bm-aoXn
ip-²-\m-¡-s«. {_Ò-`q-X- amb ]rYnhn Fs¶ ]p\o-X-\m-¡-
s«. D¨n-ãhpw A`-£yhpw ZpÝn-X-hp-am-bn-«pÅ Fsâ
kÀh-kz- s¯bpw Pew ]cn- ip-²- am-¡-s«. Fsâ ]m]w AI-
se-bm- ¡- s«. C§s\ t{]m£Ww sNbvXv c­p XhW A`n-
tjIw \S¯n CXp ssIsIm­v thZn sXm«v he-Xp-ssI-bn-
se-Sp¯v Aar-X-a-kvX-Xz-ar-tXm-]-kvX-c-Wa
- kn F¶p-¨c
- n¨v
AXv ]m\w sNbvXv AarX {]mtW tlmay-am-in-jy-t¶mkn
F¶v ]dªv AarX {]mtW tlmay- am-kn-jy-t¶mkn F¶v
]dªv AarX Xpeyhpw tlma-tbm-Ky-hp-amb hkvXp \o
Bkz-Zn-¨n-«p-s­¶p IcpXn {]mW-\n BlpXn sN¿p-I.
{]B-W³ A]m-\³, DZm-\³, kam-\³, hym\³ XpS-§n-
b-hÀ Cu Blp-Xn-Isf {]m]n-¡-s«. {_Ò-¯n Fsâ
Bßmhv Aar-XXzw Bkz-Zn-¡-s«.
sNdp-hn-c XÅ-hn-c Ch-bm {]mW-\nepw tamXn-
c-hn-c A]m-\-\nepw \Sp-hn-c sIm­v DZm-\-\ nepw
Nq­mWn hnc-em kam-\-\nepw BlpXn sN¿p-¶-Xmbn
k¦-ev]n-¡-Ww.
8. XqjvWn-ta-Im-taI Ejm PqtlmXn tZz Bl
h\otb GImw Z£n-Wmáu GImw KmÀ l]tXy
GImw kÀh-{]m-b - Ý n-¯ ntb AYm- ] n-[ m-\ - aky
arX-Xzm-tbm] kv]riy ]q\-cm-Zmb ]p\-cp-]-kv]r-
tiXv kthy {]mWm-hmt]m KrloXzm lrZ-b-a-\zm-
e`y Pt]-Xv. {]mtWm f án ]c-amßm ]©-hm-bp-
`n-cm-hrXx A`bw kÀh `qtXt`ymx \ `th-Zlw
IZm-N-t\-X n.
au\n- bmbn Hcp BlpXn {]3-Wmb kzmlm F¶ E¡p
sIm­pw A]m-\mb kzmlm F¶v Cu c­v Bl-h-\o-b-
¯nepw H¶v Z£n-Wm-án-bnepw H¶v KmÀl-Xym-án-bnepw
H¶v kÀh-{]m-b-Ýn-¯m-án-bnepw tlman-¡-Ww. C§s\
A©v Blp-Xn-IÄ¡v tijw \nb-am-\p-kmcw BlpXn
inãw `£n¨v AY ]pc-kX v mZv tlm]-cn-ãm¨ AZv`nx ]cn-Z-
[mXn C¶ {ipXn-b-\p-i-cn¨v A`n-[m\ kzcq]w Aar-X-¯n\v
kv]Àin¨v {Kln¨v lrZ-b-¯n-\-Sp¯v ssIsh¨v P]n-¡p-I.
Aán apJy-{]m-W³ Xs¶-bmWv F\n¡v {]mWn-I-fnÂ
N P
583
\n¶v A`bw XcWw F\n¡v Hcn-¡epw Ah-bn \n¶v K
`bw D­m-Im-\n-S-bm-I-cp-Xv.
c­mw JÞw
1. hntizm f kn sshizm-\tcm hniz-cq]w Xzbm-
[m-cytX Pmb-am\w hnizw kzmlp-Xbx kÀhm b{X-
{_Òm AartXm f kn alm-\thm Zbw ]pcptjm
tbm AwKp-j vT t{K {]Xn-j vT nXx XaZv`nx {]Xn-jn-
©man tkm f kymt´ AarXm bmhr- X tbm f
\mhn- tXyjm Ghm-ß m. [ymbtX f ántlm{Xw
Pqtlm- aoXn kÀth- j m-t ah kp\nÀ`- h Xn AY
apJy-amb {]mW, hrãn-sb¶p ka-ãn-sb¶p D]m-[n-
t`-Z-¯m \o Xs¶- bmWv hnssiz-iz-\-c³ \o Xs¶ hniz-
cq-]s¯ [cn-¡p-¶p. {_Òm-hrX kzcq-]-¯n \n¶nÂ
\n¶pw D­m-bn-«pÅ hnizw Xpco-bm-án-bn kIe Blp-
Xn-I-tfm-Sp- sam¸w hne-bn-¡p-¶p. _mlym-ßmhv tNãm-hn-ti-
j-§sf sIm­v Cuh [ym\n-¡-Ww. Cu ]pcp-j³ Znh-
khpw {]mWmán tlmaw sN¿p- ¶p. ImcWw ]c- am-ßm- hmb
\ns¶ kI-ecpw ]p{X-s\-t¸mse kwc-£n-¡p-¶p. AXp-
sIm­v \o kI-e-cp- sSbpw ]p{X- \m-Wv. \o \nsâ Cu temIm-
lp-Xn-Isf tlman-¡p-¶p. kz´w ico-c-¯n bÚs¯
]cn-hÀ¯\w sN¿p-¶p.
2. NXzmtcm f ábkvtX Inw \ma-t[bmx X{X
kqtcym-á nÀ \mw kqcy-a-Þ -em-IrXnx kl {k
civan ]cn-hrXx GIÀjnÀ`qXzm aqÀ[v\n XnjvTXn
bkva m- Zpàx
ico-c-¯n AXy´w kq£va-§-fmb \mev \nÀhr-Xy-
án-I- fp­v Ah-sbÃmw AÀ²-am-{X- IÄ am{X-am-Wv. Cu \mev
Aán-Ifnepw kqcymán F¶p t]cpÅ kqcy-a-Þ-em-Ir-
Xn-bn-epÅ Aán Gsd tXP-ÊpÅ Bbncw civan-I-tfmSp
IqSnb hym]-I-cq-]t- ¯msS inc-Ên ØnXn sN¿p-¶p.
3. ZÀi-\ m-á nÀ \ma NXp-cm-I r-X n-cm-l -h-\ otbm
`qXzm aptJ XnjvT-Xn. ico tcm f ánÀ \ma Pcm-
{h-Wp-Zm-l-hn-c-h-kvI-µXn AÀ² N{µm-IrXn Zm£n-
W-B-L-A\ - -Cd- A
- -R-`qXzm lrZtb XnjvTXn X{X
tImjvTm-ánÀ \mam-inXx ]oX-eo-V-Jm-Zn-Xm\n kay-
Kvhyãymw {i]-bnXzm KmÀl-]tXym `qXzm \m`ymw
Xnjv T - X n. {]mb- Ý n- ¯ - b - k v X z- [ - k v X m- ¯ n- c y- I v
Xnt{km lnamwipx {]`m`nx {]P-\-\-IÀ½m
Pohm-ßmhv kÀh-Ú-\mb Cuiz-csâ cq]-¯nÂ
ImW-s¸- Sp-¶p. A¡m-c- W-¯m AXns\ ZÀi-\mán F¶v
]d-bp-¶p. AXv _oPw hncmSv apX-emb \mev BIr-Xn-tbm-
Sp-Iq-Snb Bl-h-\o-bm-án-bmbn apJ¯v ØnXn sN¿p-¶p.
Øqe-i-co-cs¯ Zln-¸n-¡p¶ ico-cmán Øqe-i-co-cs¯
 584

I B{i-bn-¨n-cn-¡p¶ Pcm-Zn-I-fm £oWn¨p t]mIpw. AXv kymßm bP-am\x _p²nx ]Xv\o thZx alÀXznPx K
Øqe-{]-]-©-am-Ip¶ lh-Êns\ {Kkn-¡p- ¶p. AXv AÀ²- Alw Im tcm f [zcypx Nn¯w tlmXm {]mtWm
N-{µm-Ir-Xn-bpÅ Z£n- Wm-án-bmbn FÃm Pohn-I-fp-sSbpw {_Ò-W -Ñ wkn A]m\x {]Xn {]ØmXm hym\x
lrZ-b¯ - n ØnXn sN¿p-¶p. tImjvTmán `£n-¨Xpw {]kv t XmXm kamt\m ssa{Xm hcpWx DZm\x
IpSn-¨Xpw Bkz-Zn-¨-Xp-amb FÃm hkvXp-¡-sfbpw \Ã- DZvKmXm icocw thZnx \mknIm D¯-c-thZnx aqÀ[m-
t]mse ]Nn-¸n¨v KmÀl-]-Xy-cq-]-¯n \m`n-Øm-\¯v \ne- t{Zm-W-I-eix ]mtZm cYwx Z£nW lkvXx {kphx
sIm-Åp-¶p. lnt¯m-]m[n kzc-Iq-]-ambn hncSv apX-em-b- khy-l kv X x BPy- Ø meo t{imt{X B[mcu
h¡p Xmsg-bmbn {]Xn-jT v n-X-amb Pm{K-Õz-]v\-kp-jp-]vXm- N£pjo BPy-` m-Ku, {Kohm [mcm-t]mXx X·m-
h-Ø m- {]-Im-in-X-amb Nn{Zq-]-amb N{µ³ FÃm-¯n\pw {]`p- {XmWn kZkymx alm-` q-X m\n {]bmPx `qXm\y
hm-W.v kI-e-Xn-sâbpw {]P-\\ - -IÀ¯m-hp-am-W.v \pbmPmx Pnlzm CUm Zt´mjvTu kq{X-hmIx
Xmep kpbp-]mIx kvarXnÀ Zbm, £m´n-c-lnw-km,
aq¶mw JÞw ]Xv\ o kwtbmPm Hm¦m-tcm-bp]x Bim cibm
1. Aky ico-c-b-Úky bp]-ci - -\m-tim-`n-Xky at\m cYx Imax ]ipx tImimx ZÀ`mx _p[o-{ µn-
Xky tIm bP-am\x Im ]Xv\o tI EXznPx tIk- bmWn bÚ-]m-{XmWn IÀt½-{µn-bmWn lhowjn
Zkymx Im\n bÚ-]m-{XmWn Im\n lhowjn Im Alnwkm Cãbx XymtKm Z£nW Ah-`rYx ac-
thZnx tIm¯-c-thZnx tIm t{ZmW Ieix tImcYx WmXv kÀhm-l y-kvan³ tZh-X m-i-cotc \nx kam-
Ix ]ipx tIm f [zcypx tIm tlmXm tIm {_mÒ- lnXm hmcW kymw artXm hm]n Camw hm
tWm-Ñw-ko, Ix {]Xn {]ØmXm Ix {]kvtXmtXm {_Òbx ]tcXv GtI\ P·\m P´pÀtam£w
tIm ssa{X-h-cpWx I DZvKmXm Im [mcm-t]mXm {]m]v\p bmZnXn tam£w N {]m]v\p-bm-Zn-Xyp-]-\n-
tI ZÀ`mx Ix {kphx ImPy-Øm-eo, Imhm-[m-c m, j-¯ v.
Imhm- P y- ` mKu tI {] bm- P mtI A \ p- b mPm Bm-hmWv ico-c-b -Ú-¯nsâ bP-am-\³ _p²n
tIUmIx kqà- h mIx Im iwbp- h mIx Im f ]Xv\nbpw thZ-§Ä alm-·m-cmb EXzn-¡p-Ifpw Al-¦m-c-
lnwkm, tI ]Xv\o kwbmPmx tIm bp]x Im ci\m XXzw A[z-cyphpw Nn¯w tlmXmhpw {]mW³ {_Ò-W-
Im Cãb Im Z£nWm Inw Ah-`r-Ya - n-Xn. Ñw-knbpw A]m- \³ {]Xn-{]-kvtXm-Xmhpw hym\³ {]kvtXm-
bq]-c-i-\m-tim-`n-X- amb Cu ico-c-b-Ú- ¯nsâ bP- Xmhpw DZm-\³ DZvKm-Xmhpw kam-\³ ssa{X-h-cp-W-·mcpw
am-\-\mcv? ]Xv\n EXzn-¡p-IÄ kZ-ky-·mÀ ChÀ BcmWv? icocw thZnbpw \mknI A´Àth-Znbpw incÊv t{ZmtW-
bÚ-]m-{X-§Ä GsXÃmw? lhn-Êp-I-sf-s´Ãmw? thZn I-e-ihpw ]mZw cYhpw he-XpssI {kphhpw CS-¯pssI
GXv? D¯-c-th-Zn-tbXv? GXmWv t{ZmW-Iiw? F´mWv LrX-]m-{Xhpw IÀ®w B[m-chpw I®v BPy-`m-Khpw
cYw? GXmWv ]ip? BcmWv A[zcyq? BcmWv tlmXmhv? Igp¯v [mcbpw A©p X·m-{X-IÄ tlmXmhpw ]©-a-lm-
BcmWv {]kvtXm- Xmhv? BcmWv ssa{X- h-cp-W-·mÀ? BcmWv `q-X-§Ä kZ-kycpw KpWw {]bm- Phpw A\p- bm-Phpw \m¡v
[mcm-t]mXm? F´mWv ZÀ`? F´mWv {kphw? F´mWv CUbpw ]Ãpw Np­pw kqà-hm¡pw Xmep-iw-tbmÀhm-
LrX-]m{Xw? F´m-Wm- [mcw? F´m-Wm-Py-`mKw? F´mWv Ihpw kvarXn-Zm-bbpw im´n Alnw- kbpw ]Xv\n kwbm-
{]tbmPw? GXmWv hm¡v? F´mWv Alnwk? BcmWv Phpw HmImcw kvXw`hpw Bi-c- i-\bpw a\Êv cYhpw Imaw
]Xv\n kwtbmPw? F´mWv bp]w? F´mWv ci\? ]iphpw Imew ZÀ`- Ifpw _p²o- {µn- b-§Ä bÚ- ]m- {X-§fpw
F´mWv Cãn-IÄ? F´mWv Z£nW? F´mWv Ah-`r-Y- IÀt½-{µn-b-§Ä lhnÊpw Alnwk Cãn-Ibpw XymKw
kv\m\? Z£n-Wbpw arXyp Ah `rK-k\ v m-\-hp-am-Ip-¶p. Imin-bnÂ
sh¨v ico-c-\miw kw`-hn-¡p-Itbm CXv ]Sn-¡p-Itbm
\memw JÞw sNbvXm Htc Hcp P·w sIm­p Xs¶ AbmÄ¡v Nn¯-
ip-²n-I-c-amb Úm\hpw tam£hpw e`n-¡pw.
Aky icoc bÚky bp]-c-i\m tim`nX
{]mWm-án-tlm-t{Xm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.-

N P
 585
I K
1 _rlvhy-tNm-]-\n-j¯v 3
im´n-]mTw
Hmw hmMv ta a\kn {]Xn-jvTnXm at\m ta hmNn
{]Xn-jvTn-X-am-hn-cm-hoÀa G[n thZky h
BWokyx {ipXw ta am {]lm-ko-c-t\-\m-[ntX
\mtlm-cm-{Xm-Õw-Z[ - man EXw hZn-jyman I kXyw
hZn-jyman I X·m-a-hXp I XZv hàm-c-a-hXp I
AhXp amw AhXp hàm-c-a-hXp hàmcw Hmw
im´nx im´nx im´nx
Fsâ hm¡v a\-Ên Ønc-a m-bn-cn-¡-s«. a\Êv
hm¡n Ønc-am-bn-cn-¡-s«. kzbw {]Im-im-ßm-th, Fsâ
ap¶n A§v {]Xy-£-am-I-W-ta. hmMva-\-Êp-Isf \n§-
Ä Fsâ thZ-Úm\¯n¶m-[m-ca - m-Wv. AXn-\m Fsâ
thZm-[ym-b\w \in-¸n-¡-cp-Xv. Cu A[y-b-\-¯n Xs¶-
bmWv Rm³ cmhpw ]Iepw Nne-h-gn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.
Rm³ EXw ]dbpw kXyw ]dbpw Fs¶ c£n- ¡p-I. hàm-
hns\ c£n-¡p-I. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
Hmw tZho ln GIm{K AkoXv sskh PK-Z-
Þ-a-kr-PXv Ima-teXn hnÚm-btX irwKm-c -I-
teXn hnÚm-btX Xkym Gh {_Òm APo-P -
\Xv hnjvWp-c-Po-P-\Xv cpt{Zm-Po-P-\Xv kÀth acpZv
KWm APo-P-\Xv KÔÀhm-]vk-ckx Inw\cm hmZn-
X3-hm-Zn\x ka-´m-Z-Po-P-\³ t`mKy-a-Po-P-\Xv kÀh-
a- P o- \ - \ Xv kÀhw- i mà aPo- P - \ Xv AÞ Pw
tkzZPw DZv`nPw Pcm-bpPw bXv Inw ssNXXv {]mWn-
Øm-h-c-Pw-Kaw a\p-jy-a-Po-P-\ -X v.
tZhn Gä-hp-amZyw P\n-¨p. tZhn Xs¶ PK-Z-Þs¯
krãn¨p, tZhn-Xs¶ Ima-I-e, irwKmc Ie-sb¶p {_-
Òmhpw hnjvWphpw cp{Z\pw P\n-¨p. tZhn-bn \n¶pw
{]kn-²n-bmÀÖn-¨Xpw tZhn-X-s¶. tZhn-bn \n¶v kÀh-
a-cp-¯p-¡fpw KÔÀh-·mcpw A]vk-c-kp-Ifpw In¶-c-
·mcpw P\n-¨p. tZhn Xs¶-bmWv FÃm t`mKkma-{Kn-
IÄ¡pw Imc-W-`q-X-bm-bn-«p-ÅXv FÃmw tZhn-bm krãn-
¡-s¸-«p. AÞ-Pw, tkzZ-Pw, DZv`n-Pw, Pcm-bp-Pw, ssNX-
\y-h-¯mb ka-kvX{- ]m-Wn-hÀ¤w, Ømh-c-Pw-Ka hyqlw,
a\p-jy-hÀ¤w FÃm-w tZhn P\n-¸n-¨p.
2. sskjm A]cm iànx sskjm imw`-hn-hn-
Zym, ImZn-hn-tZyXn hm, lmZn-h n-tZyXn hm, kmZn
hntZyXn hm, clkyw Hmtamw hmNn {]Xn-j vTm.
sskh ]pc-{Xbw ico-c-{Xbw hym]y _ln-c-´-c-
N P
h-`m-h-k-b´o tZi-Im-eh- kvXp A{\-kw-Km³ alm-
{Xn-]p-c-kp-µco ssh {]XyIv NnXnx
tZhn-sb-¯-s ¶-bmWv A]-cm-i-àn-sb¶p imw`ho
hnZy-sb¶p clkyw cq]nWn F¶pw ]d-bp-¶-Xv. tZhn
Xs¶-bmWv {]W- hs¯ {]Xn- ]m-Zn- ¡p¶ A£- c- X- Xzw, {]W-
h-kz-cq-]n-Wnbpw FÃm ]mWn-I-sfbpw hm¡n HXp-¡n-
b-hfpw tZhn-X-s¶. tZhn Xs¶-bmWv Pm{KXv kz]v\-kp-
jy-]vXy-ß-I-amb aq¶v Ah-Ø-bnepw Øqew kq£vaw
ImcWw F¶o icoc {Xb-¯nepw hym]n¨v Ahsb {]Im-
in-¸n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. tZiw Imew hkvXp F¶n-h-
bpsS koa-bv¡p-Ån hkn-¡p-¶p. alm-{Xn-]p-c-kp-µ-cn-
bmb tZhn Hmtcm Pohn-bnepw ssNX\yw Acp-fp-¶p.
3. sskhmßm XtXm f \yZk-Xy-a-\ mßm AX
Gj {_Ò-kw-hn-¯nÀ`m-hm-`m-h-Iem hn\nÀapàm
NnZznZym AZzn-Xo-b-{_-Ò-kw-hn¯nx k¨n-Zm-\µ el-
co, alm-{Xn-]p-ck
- p-µ-co, _ln-c-´-c-\p-{]-hniy kzb-
ta-ssIh hn`mXn bZkvXn k·m{Xw bZv hn`mXn
Nn·m{Xw bXv {]nb-am-\ µw XtZ-XXv kÀhm-Imcm
alm-{Xn-]p-c -kp-µ co Xzw Nlw N kÀhw hnizw
kÀh tZhXm CX-cXv kÀhw alm {Xn]pc kpµco
kXy- t aIw efn- X mJyw hkv X pXZ- Z zn- X o- b - a - J -
ÞmÀ°w ]cw-{_-Ò.
tZhnsb Xs¶-bmWv Bßm-sh¶v ]d-bp-¶-Xv. tZhn
HgnsI FÃmw Ak-Xyhpw A\m-ß-hp-am-Wv. tZhn ]c-{_-
Òm-ßI t_m[w \nÀ½n-¡p¶ hnZym-i-àn-bm-Wv. tZhn
{_Ò-Úm\w \evIp-¶p. tZhn k¨n-Zm-\µ kzcq-]n-Wn-bm-
Wv. tZhn Hmtcm hkvXp-hn-sâbpw DÅnepw ]pd¯pw hym]n-
¨n-cn- ¡p- ¶p. tZhn-bpsS AkvXn `mXn {]nb F¶o aq¶p cq]-
§epw k¨n-Zm-\-µ-{]-t_m-[-Ia- m-Ip-¶p. C§s\ {Xn]p-c- kp-
µ-co-tZhn ka-kvX-Ø-e] - -ZmÀ°-§-fnepw A[n-jT
v n-X-bm-bn-
cn-¡p-¶p. \obpw Rm\pw tZh-·mcpw kIe {]]-©hpw
tij\pw FÃmw tZhn Xs¶bmWv. tZhn Xs¶ efn- X- am- {Xw,
kXyw tZhn Xs¶-bmWv ]c-{_-Òw tZhn-X-s¶- bm-Wv.
4. ]©-cq] ]cn-Xym-Kmþ
Zkz-cq] {]lm-WXx I
A[n-jvTm\mw ]cw XXzþ
taIw kÑn-jytX alXv II
AkvXn, `mXn, {]nbw, \maw, cq]w F¶o A©p-cq-]-
§-sfbpw ]cn-Xy-Pn-¡p-Ibpw kzkz-cq-]s¯ shSnbmXn-cn-
¡p-Ibpw sNbvXm ]ns¶ Ah-ti- jn- ¡p¶ k¯sb ]c-
a-X-Xz-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶p.

I 5. {]Úm\w {_tÒ-Xnhm Alw {_Òm-kvaoXn
hm `mjytX X¯z-a-ko-tXyh kw`m-jy-tX. Ab-
amßm {_tÒXn hm {_ssÒ-hm-l-a-kvaoXn hm tb
f l akv a oXn hm tkm f lakv a nXn hm bm
`mjytX sskjm tjmUio {iohnZym ]©-Zi
£co {ioa-lm-{Xn-]p-c-kp-µco _memw-_nt-tIX _K-
te-Xnhm am XwKoXn kzbw-h-c-I-eym-WoXn `ph-t\-
iz-coXn Nmap-tÞ-Xn, NtÞ-Xn, hmcm-lo-Xn, Xnc-
kvI -c-WoXn cmP-am-Xmw-Ko-Xn, ipI-i ym-a-tfXn hm,
eLp-iym-a-tfXn hm, Aizm-cq-tVXn hm, {]Y-A-b-
B-L-C-dB [qam-hXn kmhn-{Xo, kc-kzXo {_Òm-
\- µ - I - t e- X n, EtNm A£tc ]cta thyma³
bkvan³ tZhm A[n-hntiz \ntjZpx bkvX¶ thZ
InarNm Icn-jyXn b C¯-Zzn-ZpkvX Cta kam-ktX
CXyp-] -\ n-j Xv.
{]Úm\w Xs¶-bmWv {_Òw, Rm³ Xs¶ {_Òw
1 {_Ò-_nµp]-\n-j¯v
im´na{´w
Hmw. k l \ mh h X p . k l \ u`p \ à p .
klhocyw Ichmhssl. tXPkzn\mh[oXa
kvXp. am hnZznjm hssl. Hmw. im´nx im´nx
im´nx.
]c{_Òw R§Ä c­pt]scbpw c£n¡pamdmIs«.
R§Ä Hcpan¨v PohnX¯n apt¶m«v t]mIpamdmIs«.
Hcpan¨v PohnX¯n apt¶m«p t]mIpamdmIs«. Hcpan¨v
DuÀÖkzeX t\Ss«. R§fpsS A[yb\w tXtPmab
amIs«. R§Ä At\ym\yw hntZzjw hln¡m³ CSbmIm
Xncn¡s«. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
1. at\m \n Zznhn[w t{]màw ip²w Nmip²tah N
Aip²w Imak¦ev]w ip²w ImahnhÀÖnXw
2. a\ Gh a\pjymWmw ImcWw
_Ô tam£tbmx
_Ômb hnjbmkàw apssày \nÀhnjbw
kva rXw
N P
586
F¶o alm-Im-hy-§-fm B ]ca XXzw hyà-am-¡-s¸-Sp-
K
¶p. AXv, \o, Rm³, Fs¶Ãmw ]d-bp-t¼mÄ AXn-s\-¯-
s¶- bmWv \mw {]I-S-am- ¡p- ¶-Xv. AXv GXmtWm AXp Xs¶
Rm³. AXpw Rm³ Xs¶. {_Òhpw Rm³ Xs¶.
- m- Bßmhpw {_Ò-am-Wv. ]Xn-\©v A£cw tNÀ¶ B
tZhn¡v _memw-_n-I, _K-f, amXw-Kn, kzbw-h-c-Ie - ym-Wn,
`ph-t\-iz-cn, Nmap- Þn, NÞ, hmcm-lo, Xnc-kI v -cn-Wo, cmP-
am-Xw-Kn, ipI-iym-a-f, eLp-iym-a-f, Aizm-cq-V, {]Xyw-Kn-
c, [qam-h-Xn, kmhn- {Xn, kc- kz-Xn, {_Òm-\-µ-Ie F¶o \ma-
§-fp-­v. Ahn-\m-in-bmb BIm-i-¯n kI-et- Z-h-·mcpw
\nh-kn-¡p-¶p. B ]c-am-Im-i-¯n EXp-¡fpw A[n-h-kn-
¡p- ¶p. B ]c- am- Im- i-s¯- ¸än th­ t]mse [cn- ¡m³ {ian-
¡m¯h\v tIhew E¡p-IÄ ]Tn-¡p-¶Xp sIm­v Hcp
{]tbm-P-\-hp-an-Ã. AXv icn¡v a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶-h\v am{Xta
]c-am-Im-i-¯n imiz-X-\n-hmkw e`n-¡p-Ib - p-Åq.
_lvhrtNm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
3
3. btXm\nÀhnjb kymky a\tkmapàn
cnjytX
Xkva m¶nÀhnjbw \nXyw a\x Imcyw
apap£pWm
4. \nckvXhnjbmkwKw k\ncp²w at\m lrZn
bZm bmXyp·\o`mhw XZm XXv ]caw ]Zw
5. XmhtZh \ntcm²h bmhZv lrZn KXw £bw
GXZv Ú m\w Ntam£w N AtXmt\ym
{KØhnkvXcw
1......5. ip²sa¶pw, Aip²sa¶pw, a\Êv c­p
{]Imc¯nep­v . hnjb§fmepw A`nemj§fmepw
k ¦ev ] § Ä DÛ hn¡ p¶ XmWv a\Ê v . C ÑIÄ
DbcmXncn¡p¶XmWv ip²mab a\Êv. _Ô\¯nepw
AXpt]mse Xs¶ tam£¯n\pw ImcWambn hÀ¯n
¡p¶Xv a\Êp Xs¶bmWv. hnjb§fn Bkàamb
a\Ên\m _Ô\w kw`hn¡p¶p. hnjb§fpsS
A`mhamÀ¶v a\Ên\v tam£w kn²n¡p¶p. hnjb
k¦ev] clnXambncn¡pt¼mgmWv a\Ênsâ ebw
 587
I kw`hn¡p¶Xv AXn\m tam£w B{Kln¡p¶ km[
I³ hnjbk¦ev] clnX\mbncn¡Ww a\Ên hnjbm
`nemjw CÃmXncn¡p¶AhØbmWv ]ca]Zw. AtXmsS
a\Ên k¦ev] hnIev]§Ä DbcmXncn¡p¶p. lrZ
b¯n hneo\ambncn¡p¶Xphsc am{Xw a\Êns\
\nb{´W¯nem¡m³ {ian¡Ww. AXn\ptijaÃ
th­Xv. a\Ên lrZbw hneo\amIp¶Xphsc am{Xw
a\Êns\ \nb{´W¯nem¡m³ {ian¡Ww. AXn\p
tijaà th­Xv. a\Ên lrZbw hneo\amIp¶Xns\
tam£sa¶pw Úm\sa¶pw ]dbp¶p. AXn IqSpXÂ
]dbp¶Xv {KÙhnkvXmcw am{XamIp¶p.
6. ss\hNn´yw \ NmNn´yaNn´yw Nn´ytah N
]£]mXhn\nÀ½pàw {_Ò k¼ZytX XZm
7. kztcW km[tb tZymK a kzcw `mhtbXv ]cw
AkztcW ln`mth\ `mhm\m` CjytX
8. XtZh \njvI ew {_Ò \nÀhnIev]w
\ncRv P\w
XZv {_ÒmlanXn ÚmXzm {_Ò
k¼ZytX {[phw
9. \nÀhnIev] a\´w N tlXp ZrjvSm´ hÀPnXw
A{]taba\mZyw N ÚmXzm N ]caw inhw
10. \ hntcmt[m \ tNmXv] ¯nÀ \ _tÔm \
Nimk\w
\apap£ \ apàn N CtXyjp ]camÀ°Xx
6......10. Nn´\obhpw ANn´\obhpw X½n Hcp
A\´cIcWobhpw CÃmXncn¡pIbpw c­n H¶n
sâbpw t\À¡v {]tXyI Nmbvhv km[I\v CÃmXncn¡p
Ibpw sN¿p¶ Ahkc¯n {_Ò{]m]vXn¡pff kabw
ASps¯¯p¶p. km[I\v {]Wh¯neqsS Cuizc
\pambn sFIyw D­mbn¯ocWw. {]Whpambn kÀhm
ß\m CW§nb `mh\sIm­p am{Xw `hkzcq]\mb
]caßmhns\ {]m]n¡m³ Ignbp¶p. A`mhw sIm­v
AXv km[yaÃ. `mh\bpsS A`mh¯n kam[n iq\y
XbmWv kw`hn¡pI. B ambmcq]amb a\Êv iq\yhpw
hnIev] hpw AhbhclnXhpw Bb \ncÚs\¯-
s¶bmWv {_Òsa¶p ]dbp¶Xv. "B {_Òw Rm³ Xs¶-
bmWv'. F¶ `mh\bpw hnizmkhpw tNÀ¶h\v {_Ò
{]m]vXn e`n¡p¶p. iq\yhpw A\mZnbpw A\´ hpw
A{]]©hpw ]ca IembWkzcq]hpamb {_Ò s¯
AXpambn A\\y`mhw ssIs¡mffm³ Ignbp¶ h\v
e`n¡p¶p. k rj v S nbnÃ, ambbnÃ, _Ôa\anÃ,
tam£m`nemjanÃ. tam£hpanà F¶ Nn´mKXnbpw
hmkvXhnIÚm\hpw t\SnbhÀ {_Ò km£mXv¡mcw
t\Sp¶p.
N P
11. GI Ghmßma´thym Pm{KXv kz]v\ K
kpjp]v X njp
Øm\{XbmXv hyXoXw b ]p\À P· \
hnZytX
12. GI Gh ln`qXmßm `qtX `qtX hyhØnXx
GI[m _lp[m ssNh ZriytX PeN{µhXv.
13. LSkw`qXamImiw eobamt\ LtSbYm
LtSm eobtX \mImti XZzÖothm LtSm]a.
14. LShZv hnhn[mImcw Zayam\w ]p\x ]p\x
XXv `áw N Pm\mXn k Pm\mXn N \nXyi;
15. i_vZambmhrtXm bmh¯ma¯njv TXn
]pjvItc
Znt´ Xakn ssNIXz taItahm\p]iyXn.
11.......15. Pm{K¯v, kz]v\w, kpjp]vXn. Cu ap¶p
AhØsbbpw IS¶h\pw Htc Hcp Bßmhpambn
am{Xw _Ôw Øm]n¡p¶h\pamb hyàn¡v ]p\ÀP·
anÃ. {]]©¯nse kIe PohnIfnepw Cu Htc Hcp
BßmhmWpffXv. N{µ³ Ht¶bpffq. F¦nepw AXnsâ
{]Xn_nw_w ]ebnS¯pw ]eXnepw ImWm³ Ignbp¶p.
Htc ]c{_Òw ]e icoc§fnepw {]Xn`mkn¡p¶p.
icocw \in¨mepw Bßmhn\v \miap­mIp¶nÃ. a¬Ip
S§Ä s]m«p¶Xpt]msebpw ]ns¶bpw \nÀ½n¡s¸Sp¶
Xpt]msebpw ]ns¶bpw \nÀ½n¡s¸Sp¶Xpt]msebpw
Dff Hcp AhØm hntijamWnXv. ambbpambn _Ô
s¸«v Pohmßmhv Hmtcm icoc§fn {]Xn`mkn¡p¶p.
AÚm\amIp¶ AÔImcw \in¨v Úm\amIp¶
{]Imiw {]m]n¡pt¼mÄ am{Xw Pohmßmhpw ]camßm
hpw X½nepff sFIyw A\p`h tKmNcambn¯ocp¶p.
16. i_vZ m£cw ]cw {_Ò bkvan³
£otWbZ£cw
XZznZzm\£cw [ymtbXv bZotÑXv
im´namß\x
17. tZzhntZy thZnXthy Xp i_vZ{_Ò ]cw NbXv
i_vZ {_ÒWn \njvWmX ]cw {_Òm[n KÑXn
18. {KÙa`yky ta[mho Úm\hnÚm\ XXzX
]emeanh[m\ymÀ°o Xy tPXv {KÙ atijXx
19. Khmat\IhÀ®\mw. £ockymt\I hÀ®Xm
£ochXv ]iytX Úm\w
enwKakvXpKhmw bYm
20.LrX anh ]bkn \nKqVw
`qtX `qtX N hkXn hnÚm\w
kXXw aÙbnXhyw
a\km aÙm\ `qXt\
 588
I 21. Úm\t\{Xw kamZmb Ntc ZzÓn aX ]cw
\njvIew \nÀ½ew im´w XZv{_Òml
anXn kvarXw
22.kÀh`qXm[n hmkwN bZv `qtXjp hkXy[n
kÀhm\p{KmlItXz\ XZkvaylw hmkptZh
XZkvaylw hmkptZh CXn.
16......22. i_vZhpw ]c{_Òhpw A£camIp¶p. Cu
c­n H¶n\p £bw kw`hn¡pt¼mÄ atäXv A£b
amb ØnXnbn \nesImffp¶p. CXp Xs¶bmWv
hmkvXhnIamb ]c{_Òw. im´n B{Kln¡p¶ a\p
jy\v B A£c {_Òs¯¯s¶bmWv [ym\nt¡­Xv.
i_vZ {_Òsa¶pw ]c{_Òsa¶papff c­p hn[apff
hnZy [cnt¡­Xp­v. Ft¸mÄ a\pjy³ i_vZ {_Òw
AXmbXv thZimkv{X§Ä icn¡v a\Ênem¡p¶p
At¸mÄ ]c{_Òs¯ {Kln¡m³ Ignbp¶p. `£Ww
tXSp¶ hyàn ssht¡m If¯n C«tijw `£W
¯n\v Acnbpw AXp ]mNIw sNbvX Xpw tXSp¶Xp-
1 {_Ò- h n- t Zym- ] - \ n- j ¯v 3
im´n]mTw
Hmw k l \ mh h X p k l \u `p \ à p
klhocyw Ichmhssl tXPkzn\mh[oXakvXp
am hnZznjmhssl Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
]c{_Òw R§Ä c­p t]scbpw c£n¡s«. AXv
R§Ä c­p t]scbpw ]cn]men¡s«. R§Ä c­p
t]cpw Hcpan¨v IgnhpIÄ BÀPn¡s«. R§fpsS
A[yb\w DPzehpw tim`\hpamIs«. R§fpsS A[y
b\w DPzehpw tim`\hpamIs«. R§Ä ]ckv] cw
hntZzjw ]peÀ¯m\nSbmImXncn¡s«.
AY {_ÒhntZym]\njZpNytX
1. {]kmZmXv {_ÒWkvXky hnjvtWmc`qX
IÀ½Wx
clkyw {_Ò hnZymb {[phmánw kw{]£tX
N P
t]mse Adnhpffh³ {KÙ§fn \n¶v kmcw {Kln¨
K
tijw {KÙ§Ä ssIhnSp¶p. ]e \ndapff ]ip¡Ä
D­v . F¶m AhbpsSsbÃmw ]m Htc hn[amWv.
shfp¸p \ndamWv. AXpt]mse At\I k{¼Zmb§fpw
Nn´m[mcIfpw Ds­¦nepw AhbnseÃmaS§p¶ XXzw
H¶msW¶v a\Ênem¡p¶p. ]pdsa ImWp¶ t`Z`mh\
IÄ \nÊkmcamWv. B´cnIhpw kmÀh{XnIhpamb
XXzw {Kln¡pI. ]m ssXÀ ISbp¶Xn \n¶v sh®
In«p¶p. Nn´\w sIm­pw a\\w sIm­pw hnÚm\
abamb {_Òw Adnbm³ Ignbp¶p. Úm\¯nsâ
{]Imiw e`n¨p Ignbpt¼mÄ Aán kam\amb tXPÊv
IeÀ¶ {_Ò¯nsâ `mh\ A\p`hthZyamIp¶p. "
IemclnXhpw \nÀ½ehpw im´hpamb ]c{_Òw Rm³
Xs¶bmIp¶p' F¶ t_m[w AtXmsS Úm\n¡p­m
Ip¶p. DXmWv icnbmb Úm\w. kIeXnepw AS§p
¶Xpw kakvX `qXm[nhmkhpamb B ]c{_ÒXXzw
hmkptZh\mWv F¶ Adnhpw kwPmXamIp¶p.
{_Ò_nµp D]\nj¯v kam]n¨p.
2. HmanItXyIm£cw {_Ò bZpàw
{_ÒhmZn`x
icocw Xky h£yman Øm\w
Ime{Xbw XYm
3. X{X tZhmkv { Xbx t{]màm temIm thZw
kv{Xtbmábx
Xnt{kmam{XmÀ²am{Xm NmXp£cky
inhky Xp
4. EtKztZm KmÀl]Xyw N ]rYnho {_Ò Gh N
BImcky icocw Xp hymJymXw {_Ò hmZn`nx
5. bÖpÀthZm´co£w N
Z£nWmánkvXssYh N
hnjvWpÝ `Khm³ tZh DImcx ]cnIoÀ¯nXx
 589
I A\´cw {_tÒm]\nj¯ns\¸än ]dbp¶p. AÂ-
`qXIÀ½mhpw hnjvWpcq]nbpamb {_Ò¯nsâ ImcpWy
¯m {[phmáncq]amIp¶ {_ÒhnZymclkys¯
]dbp¶p. {_ÒÚ m\nIÄ GIm£ ccq]¯ nÂ
GsXmcp {_ÒhnZymclkys¯ ]dbp¶p. {_ÒÚm
\nIÄ GIm£c cq]¯n GsXmcp {_Òs¯bmtWm
]dªn«pÅXv AXnsâ icocw Øm\w Ime{Xbw
F¶nhsb¸än ]dbmw. Hmw Imc¯n aq¶p tZh·mcpw
aq¶p temI§fpw aq¶p thZ§fpw aq¶v AánIfpw D­v.
inhcq]¯nepÅ A£c¯n\v ap¶c am{XbmWv .
AImcicocs¯ KmÀl]Xyánsb¶pw ]rYnhoXXzs¯
{_Òmsh¶pw {_ÒÚm\nIÄ ]dbp¶p. DImcicocw
bÖpÀthZsa¶pw Z£nWmán BImiXXzsa¶pw
hnjvWpsh¶pw ]dªn«p­v.
6. kmathZkvXYm ZyuÝmlh\obkvXssYh N
Cuizcx ]ctam tZthm aImcx ]cnIoÀ¯nXx
7. kqcyaWvUeat²y fY lyImcx iwJa[yKx
DImcÝ{µk¦mi kvXkyat[y hyhØnXx
8. aImckvXzán k¦mtim hn[qtam hnZytXm]ax
Xnt{km am{XkvXYm tÚbm
tkmakqcyáncq]nWx
9. inJm Xp Zo]k¦mtim Xkvan¶p]cnhÀ¯tX
AÀ²am{Xm XYm tÚbm{]Whtkym
]cnØnXm
10. ]ßkq{X \n`m kq£va inJm kmZriytX ]cm
km \mUo kqcyk¦mim kqcyw `nXzm
XYm ]cm
11. Zznk]vXXXnkl{kmWn \mUow `nXzm
N aqÀ[\n
hcZx kÀh`qXm\mw kÀhw hym]yhXnjvTXn
aImc¯nsâ icocw kmathZhpw Blh\obm
ánbpw kzÀ¤hpw inh\pamsW¶v ]dbs¸Sp¶p. iwJa
[y¯nepÅ AImcw kqcyaWvU e¯n ØnXnsN
¿p¶p. N{µkam\amb DImcw N{µ\n \nesImÅp¶p.
]pIbnÃm¯ Aánt]msebpw an¶Â t]msebpamWv
aImcw C§s\ aq¶pam{XIÄ kqcy³ N{µ³ Aán
F¶o cq]¯nemWv. Zo]inJZo]¯nsâ apIfnse
t¶mWw {]Wh¯nsâ apIfnset¶mfw {]Wh¯nsâ
apIfn AÀ²am{Xbp­v. B inJ Xmac\qens\m¯-
XmWv. kqcyXpeyamb B \mUn kqcyt\bpw Fgp]¯o
cmbncw \mUnIsfbpw t`Zn¨v aqÀ[mhn ØnXn sN¿p
¶p. AXv kÀh`qX§Ä¡pw hcw \ÂIp¶XmWv.
12. Imwky L­m\n\mZkvXp bYm{]obXn
im´tb
Hm¦mckvXpXY tbmPy im´tb kÀhanÑXm
N P
13. bkva n³ hneobtX i_vZkvXXv]cw K
{_Ò KobtX
[nbw lneobtX {_Ò tkm
arXXzmb Iev]tX
14. hmbpx {]mWkvXYmImimx {Xnhnt[m
PohkwÚbx
kPohx {]mW CXyptàm _mem{KiX
Iev ]nXx
15. \m`nØt\ØnXw hnizw ip²XXzw
kp\nÀ½ew
BZnXyanh Zo]y´w civan`nÝmhnew inhw
HmSpsIm­p XoÀ¯ aWnbpsS i_vZw im´nbnÂ
ebn¡p¶Xp t]mse HmwImc tbmP\bm kÀh B{K
l§fpw im´amIpw. bmsXm¶n i_vZw ebn¡p¶p
AXmWv {_Òw. GsXmcp _p²n{_Ò¯n ebn¡p¶p
AXv AarXkzcq]hpw. hmbp tXPÊv BImiw tIim{K
¯nsâ \qdnsemcp `mK¯n\v Xpeysa¶mWv k¦ev]w.
hnizw ip²XXzhpw \nÀ½ekzcq]hpamb \m`n Øm\
¯v \nesImÅp¶p. AXv kqcys\m¸w FÃm hnizhpw
{]Imin¸n¨v awKfacpfp¶p.
16. kImcw NlImcw N Pothm P]Xn kÀhZ,
\m`nc{ÔmZzn\njv{Im´w hnjbhym]vXn
hÀPnXw
17. tXt\Zw \njvIew hnZymXv £ocmXv kÀ¸ncYm
ImtcW\mß\mbpàx
{]mWmbmssaÝ]©`nx
18. GXkvan³ hktX io{Lahn{im´w almJKx
bmh¶nizkntXm PohkvXmh¶njvIfXmw KXx
Poh³ Ft¸mgpw kImcs¯bpw lImct¯bpw
P]n¨p sIm­ncn¡p¶p. \m`nbn \n¶pw ]pds¸Sp¶
Cu P]w hnjbhmk\ CÃm¯XmWv. ]men \n¶pw
s\s¿¶ t]mse Cu XXzw {]mWmbmaw sIm­dnbWw.
IStImem ]m ISbp¶pXpt]mse NXpjvIetN¶
lrZb¯n ØnXnsN¿p¶ XXzw icoc¯n {`aWw
sN¿p¶p. At¸mÄ AXn Poh³ \nhkn¡p#v\ izmkw
\n¡pt¼mÄ \njvIf¦Xzw {]m]n¡p¶p.
20. \`Øw \njvIew [ymXzm aptNyX
`h_Ô\mXv
A\mlX[z\nbpXw lwkw tbm
thZ lrZKXw
21. kz {]ImiNnZm\µw k lwk CXn KobtX
tcNIw ]qcIw apàzm Ipw`tI\
ØnXx kp[o
 590
I 22. \m`nItµ kau IrXzm {]mWm]m\u
kamlnX
akvXIØmarXkzmZw ]oXzm
[ymt\\ kmZcw
23. Zo]mImcw almtZhw Pme´w \m`n a[yta
A`njnNymartXss\h lk lwtkXn
tbm Pt]Xv
24. PcmacWtcmKmZn \Xky `qhn hnZytX
Ghw Znt\ Znt\ Ipcym ZWnamZnhn`qXtb
tZymhn \nesImÅp¶ \njvI fX¯zw [ym\n¨v
hnip² t\Spt¼mÄ kwkmc_ÔwssIhnSp¶p. CXlrZ
b¯n ØnXnsN¿p¶Xpw NnZm\µ lwks¯ Adnbp
¶h³ lwks¯ Adnbp¶p. lwkw F¶ t]cn AhÀ
Adnbs¸Sp¶p. tcNIw ]qcIw F¶nh Dt]£n¨v Ipw`
I¯n Øncambncp¶psIm­v {]mWt\bpw A]m\
t\bpw GIo`hn¸n¨v akvX I¯n ØnXnsN¿p¶
AarXw kmZcw [ym\ ØnX\mbn ]m\w sNbvXv lwk
F¶v P]n¡p¶ [ym\n¡v `qanbn Ignbpt¼mÄ Pc
acWw tcmKw Ch D­mIp¶nÃ. F¶p am{XaÃ. AWna
XpS§nb AjvS kn²nIfpw hn`qXnIfpw e`n¡m³
IgnbpIbpw sNbvXp.
25. CuizcXzahm]vt\mXn kZmZymkcXx ]pam³
_lthm ss\IamÀt¤W {]m]vX
\nXyXz amKXmx
kZm Cu A`ymk¯n apgpInbncn¡p¶p¶h\v
CuizcXzw ssIhcp¶p. ]ecpw Cu amÀ¤¯neqsS
\nXy]Zw {]m]n¨p.
26. lwk hnZymartX temtI \mkvXn\nXyXz
km[\w
tbm ZZmXn almhnZymw lkmJymw
]mctaizcow
27. Xky Zmkyw kZmIpcymXv
{]Úbm]cbm kl
ip`w hmip`a\yXzm b Zpàw KpcpWm `phn
28. XXv IpcymZhnNmtcW injyx
kt´mj kwbpXx
lwk hnZymanamw e_v[zm Kpcpip{iqjm\cx
29. Bßm\amßm\m km£mXv {_Ò _p[zm
kp\nÝew
tZl PmXymZnkw_Ôm³ hÀ®m{ia
ka\znXm³
N P
30. thZkmkv{XmWn Nm\ym\n ]Zamw kpanh K
XyP³
Kpcp`ànw kZm IpcymXv t{ibtk
`qXtb \cx
lmkXz {]m]n¡pIsb¶ Cu hnZymarX¯n\p
Xpeyw \nXyX {]m]n¡phm\pXIp¶ Hcp km[\bnÃ.
lwkw sN¿p¶ hyànsb kZm `àntbmsS ip{iqjn
¡pI. ip`mip`Nn´¡p Xp\nbmsX Kpcp F´mÚm]n
¡p¶pthm AXv AtX]Sn injy³ A\pkcn¡Ww.
Kpcphn \n¶pw Cu hnZy k¼mZn¨v BßmhnÂ
Bßmhns\ km£mXvIcn¨v \nÝ{_Òs¯ Adnªv
h˨m{iamZnIsfbpw thZ imkv {X imk\Isfbp
\nÊt¦mNw ]cXyPn¨v kZm Kpcp ip{iqjbnÂ
apgpIWw. AXv t{ibÊn\v F{Xbpw D]Icn¡pw.
31. Kpcptch lcn km£m¶m\y CXy
{_hoXv {ipXnx
32. {ipXym b Zpàw ]camÀ°tah
XXv kwitbm \m{X XXx kakvXw
{ipXym hntcm[ \ `thXv {]amWw
`thZ\À°mb hn\m {]amWw
km£m lcn Kpcp Xs¶bmWv aämcpaà F¶v
thZw ]dbp¶p. CX{ipXnhmIyw kibclnXambn¯
s¶ ]camÀ°amWv. {ipXn¡v hncp²ambm ]ns¶ {]am
WanÃ. {]amWclnX ambn«pÅXv A\À°ImcnbmWv.
33. tZlØx kItemtÚtbm \njvItem tZl
hÀPnXx
B]vt Xm]tZi Ktaymku kÀhXx
kaØnXx
34. lwk lwtkXn tbm {_qbm²wtkm {_Òm
lcnxinhx
Kpcph{àm¯px e`ytX {]Xy£w
kÀhtXmapJw
35. Xntejp N bYm ssXew ]pjv t]KÔ
Chm{inXx
]pcpjky icotcfkvan³ k _mlym`y
´tc XYm
tZlØnXambXns\ kIfsa¶pw tZhÀPnXamb
Xns\ \njvI fsa¶pw a\Ênem¡Ww B]vX amb
Kpcp{]tZi¯m Adnbs¸Sp\\ Cu XXzw kÀh{X
ka`mh\tbmSpIqSn ØnXn sN¿p¶p. lwkmJy³
{_Òmhnjv W p inhkzcq]\mWv . Kpcp]tZi¯mÂ
Ah\v kÀhtXm·pJamb {_Òs¯ Adnbm³ Ignbpw.
FÅn F®bpw ]qhn kpKÔhpw ØnXn sN¿p¶-
Xpt]mse Xs¶ ]pcpjicoc¯n AI¯pw ]pd¯pw
B {_Òw Xs¶.
 591
I 36. D¡mkvtXm bYm temtI {Zhyam
temIyXmwXytPXv.
Úmt\\ tÚb amtemIy ]ÝmXv
Úm\w]cnXytPXv
37. ]pjv ]hZv kIew hnZymXv KÔkvXky Xp
\njvIfx
hr£kvXp kIew hnZymXv Ombm Xky Xp
\njvIem
38. \njvIex kItem `mhx kÀhss{Xh
hyhØnXx
D]mb kIekvXZz Zp t]b ssÝh \njvIex
39. kIte kItem `mthm \njvIte
\njvIe kvXYm
GIamt{Xm Zznam{XÝ {Xnam{XssÝh t`ZXx
40. AÀ²am{Xm ]cmtÚbm XX DuÀ[zw
]cmXv ]cw
]©[m ]©ssZhXyw kIew]cn]jytX
Xo¸´¯nsâ {]Imiw sIm­v ]ZmÀ°§Ä I­p
Ignªm ]´w Dt]£n¡mw. AXpt]mse Úm\w
sIm­v ÚmXhyamb hnjbw AdnªXn\ptijw
Úm\hpw Dt]£n¡mw. kIfs¯ ]qhmbpw AXnsâ
KÔs¯ \njvIfambpw IcpXpI. Asæn kIfs¯
hr£ambpw AXnsâ Ombsb \njvIfambpw IcpXWw.
C§s\bpÅ kIf \njvI f`mh§Ä FÃmbnS¯pw
ImWmw. Iembpàamb hkvXp km[\bpw km[yw
IemclnXhpamWv. Iembpàamb hkvXphn kÀh`m
h§fpap­v. F¶m IemclnXamb hkvXphn bmsXm
cp `mhhpanÃ. Hcp am{X ]cbpap­v. AXn\pw apIfnÂ
]cmXv ]camWv. kIfw ]©tZhXmbpàsa¶pw A©v
hn[w tNÀ¶ncn¡p¶XmsW¶pw {Klnt¡­Xp­v.
41. {_ÒtWm lrZbØm\w IWvt T hnjvW px
kam{inXx
Xmepat[y ØntXm cpt{Zm eemStØm
atlizcx
42. \mkmt{K ANypXw hnZym Xkymt´Xp
]cw ]Zw
]cXzm¯p ]cw \mkvXn tXyhw imkv{Xky
\n˨bx
43. tZlmXoXw Xp Xw hnZym¶mkmt{K
ZzmZimwKpew
XZ´w Xw l Pm\obm¯{XtØm
hym]tbXv {]`px
N P
44. amt\m]y\y{X \n£n]vXw N£pc\y{X K
]mXnXw
XYm]n tbmKn\mw tbm tKm hyhnÑn¶x
{]hÀ¯tX
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\mX ]cXcw In©n ¶mXmx ]cXcw ip`w.
lrZbamWv {_Ò¯nsâ Øm\w. hnjvWp lrZb
¯nepw cp{Z³ Xmephnepw atlizc³ s\änbnepw
ØnXnsN¿p¶p. \mkm{K¯n ANypX³ ØnXnsN
¿p¶psh¶pw AXnsâ Ahkm\ `mK¯v ]ca]Zsa¶pw
AdnbpI. ]cmXv]cambn asäm¶nÃ. tZlmXoXamb B
{_Òw \mkm{K¯n \n¶pw ]{´­wKpew ZqscbmWv.
A Xp Xs¶bmWv A Xnsâ Ahk m\w. A hnsS
ØnXnsN¿p¶ {]`p kÀh hym]nbmWv. a\Êv asämcp
Øm\¯v s]mbvs¡mÅs«. I®pIÄ asähnsSsb¦nepw
t\m¡s«. tbmKpIfpsS tbmKw AhnÑn¶w \S¡pw. AXv
Gsd clkyamWv. ip`Icambns«m¶panÃ.
46. ip²Úm\marXw {]m]y
]cam£c \nÀ®bw
KplymXv KplyX\w tKm]yw {KlWobw
{]bXv\Xx
47. \m ]p{Xmb {]`mXhyw \m injymb IZmN\
KpcptZhmb `àmb \nXyw `àn]cmb N
48. {]`mXhyanZw imkv{Xw t\Xtc`yx
{]Zm]tbXv
ZmXm ky \cIw bmXn kn[ytX \ IZmN\
49. KrltØm {_ÒNmco N hm\{]ØÝ
`n£pIx
b{X X{X ØntXm Úm\o ]cam£chnXv
kZm
50. hnjboÀhnjbmkt¯m bmXn tZlm´tc
ip`w
Úm\tZhmky imkv{Xky kÀhmhtØm
]nam\hx
ip² Úm\amIp¶ AarXw {]m]n¨v ]cam£c
XXzw \nÀ®bn¡pIbpw At§ Aäw clkyamb B
hkvXp {]bXv\]qÀhw {Kln¡pIbpw thWw. Cu hnZy
]p{X\Ãm¯ht\m injy\Ãm¯ht\m sImSp¡cpXv.
bYmÀ° Kpcp`à\pw `àn]c\pta Zm\w sN¿mhq.
aämÀ¡pw Zm\w sN¿cpXv. CXn\v hncp²ambn {]hÀ¯n
¡p¶h³ \cIw {]m]n¡pw; Ah\v kn²nbnÃ. HcmÄ
{_ÒNmcntbm hm\{]Øt\m KrlØt\m k\ymkn
tbm Bbns¡mÅs«, FhnsSsb¦nepw Xmakn¡s«,
]camÀ° XXzw Adnªh³ am{Xta Úm\nbmIpIbp
 592
I Åp. Hcph³ hnjbmkà\mbmepw imkv{XÚm\w
sIm­v ip`KXn ssIhcn¡p¶p.
51. {_ÒlXymizta[mssZyx
]pWy]mss]À\ en]ytX
tNmZtIm _m[IssÝh tam£ZÝ]cx
kva rXx
52. CtXyjmw {Xn]nt[mtÚbw BNmcykvXp
aloXte
tNmZtIm ZÀitb·mÀ¤w t_m[Ix Øm\
amNtcXv
53. tam£ZkvXp ]cw XXzw bPÚmXz
]caiv \tX
{]Xy£bP\w tZtl kmt£]mÑr
WKuXa
54. tXt\jvSzm k \tcm bmXn imizXw
]Zahybw
kzbtah Xp k¼tiyt±tl _nµpw
N\njvIfw
55. Abt\ tZz N hnjpth kZm]iyXn amÀ¤hnXv
IrXzmbmaw ]pcm hÕ tcN ]qcI Ipw`Im³
{_ÒlXym ]m]w Aizta[mXn ]pWyw t_m[I³
tam£I³ F¶nhÀ t{ijvTcmsW¶v IcpXs¸Sp¶p.
BNmcy·mÀ C§s\ aq¶phn[ap­v. t{]cI³ amÀ¤w
ImWn¨p sImSp¡p¶p. t_m[I³ Øm\w \nÀt±in
¡p¶p. tam£ ZmXmhv B ]ca XXzw Xs¶. B XXza
dnªv Ah³ ]camßmhns\ {]m]n¡p¶p. KuXa,
tZl¯nse {]Xy£bP\w Npcp¡n¸dbmw. tIÄ¡p.
AX\pjvTn¨m a\pjy\v imizXhpw Ahybhpamb ]Zw
e`n¡pw. IqSmsX icocm´À`mK¯v \njvIfamb _nµp
hns\ ImWp¶ c­v Ab\§fnepw Zn\cm{X§Ä
Xpeyambncn¡pt¼mgpw BZyambn tcNIw ]qcIw Ipw`Iw
F¶ {]mWmbmaa\pjvTn¡Ww.
56. ]qÀhw tNm`mbpap¨mcy AÀ¨tb¯p
bYm{Iaw
\akvI mtcW tbmtK\ ap{Zbmc`y
NmˬtbXv
57. kqcyky {KlWw hÕ {]Xy£bP\w
kva rXw
Úm\mXv kmbqPytathmàw tXmtb
tXmbwbYmXYm
58. GtX KpWw {]hÀ¯t´ tbmKm`ymk
IrX{issax
bkvamtZymKw kamZmb kÀhZpxJ
_lnjv IrXx
N P
59. tbmK[ym\w kZm IrXzm Úm\w X·bXmw K
{]tPXv
Úm\mXv kzcq]w ]caw lwka{´w
kap¨tcXv
60. {]mWn\mw tZlat²yXp ØntXm lwkx
kZmNypXx
lwk Gh ]cw kXyw lwk GhXp
iànIw
c­pw D¨cn¨v BZyw bYm{Iaw \akv¡cn¡Ww.
\akv¡mc tbmKap{ZIfm ]qPn¡Ww. hÕ, kqcy{K
lWw {]Xy£bP\amsW¶p ]dbp¶p. Pe¯nÂ
Pesa¶ t]mse kmbqPy ]Zhpw Úm\¯m ssIhcp
¯mw. tbmKm`ymk¯n\p sN¿p¶ {iaw hfsc ^ew
sN¿pw AXp aqew kÀhZpxJ§fpw ianI¡pw. ZpxJ§Ä
ZpcoIcn¡m³ {ian¡pI. kZm Cu a{µw P]n¨psIm­v
tbmK[ym\§fm Úm\¯n XmZmßyw {]m]n¡pI.
tbmK`ymk {iaw Gähpw KpW{]ZamIp¶p. Úm\w
sIm­p am{Xta ]cakzcq]w {]m]n¡m³ km[p¡q. Pohn-
IfpsS icoc¯n ANypX\mIp¶ lwkw kZm hkn
¡p¶p. lwkw Xs¶bmWv ]cakXyw lwkw Xs¶
iàn kzcq]sa¶dnbpI.
61. lwk Gh ]cw hmIyw lwk Gh
Xp hmZnIw
lwk Gh ]tcm cpt{Zm lwk Gh
]cmXv ]cw
62. kÀh tZhky a[ytØm lwk
Gh atlizc
]rYnhymZn inhm´w Xp AImcmZymÝ
]˨Imx
63. IqSm´ lwk GhkymßmXrtIXn
hyhØnXmx
amXrImclnXw a{µamZnit´ \ Ip{XNnXv
64. lwk tPymXnc\q]ayw at²y tZhw
hyhØnXw
Z£nWm apJam{inXy Úm\ap{Zmw
{]Iev]tbXv
65. kZm kam[nw IpÀhoX lwk
a{´a\pkva c³
\nÀ½e kv^SnImIcw Znhycq]a\q]aw
]caamb hmIyw lwkw Xs¶ kakv X thZ§fp
sSbpw kmcw BWv. lwk ]cacp{ZbmWv. lwkw Xs¶
bmWv ]cmXv]cw kIetZh·mcptSbpw a[yØ\mb
lwkw Xs¶bmWv ]ctaizc³. ]rYzn apXÂ inh³
hscbpw AImcw apXÂ £ hscbpw lwkw Xs¶bmWv
 593
I am{XIsft¸mse hyhØnXambncn¡p¶Xv. am{Xm
clnXamb at{´m]tZianÃ. lwk¯nsâ A\p]a
tPymXnÊv tZh·mcpsS a[y¯n ØnXnsN¿p¶p.
Z£nWm`napJambn Úm\ap{Z k¦ev]n¨v kam[nbnÂ
lwks¯ kv acn¨psIm­ncn¡pI. \nÀ½e ØSnI
cq]amb Znhycq]hpw [ym\n¨p sImÅWw.
66. a[ytZti ]cw lwkw Úm\
ap{Zmß cq]Iw
{]mtWm]m\x kam\tÝmZm\ hym\u
N hmbhw
67. ]© IÀ½{µnssbÀcywàm {Inbmiàn
_temZyXmx
\mKx IqÀ½Ý IrItcm tZhZt¯m
[\Úbx
68. ]© Úmt\{µnssbcywàx Úm\iàn
_temZyXmx
]mhIx iàn at[yXp \m`nNt{I
chnx ØnXm
69. _Ôap{Zm IrXmtb\ \mkmt{K Xp
kztemNt\
AImtc hÓncnXymlpcpImtc chnkwØnXx
70. aImtc N{`pthÀat[y {]mWiàym
{]t_m[tbXv
{_Ò{KÙncImtc N hnjvWp{KÙnÀ
lr`nØnXx
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a[y`mK¯v [ym\n¡Ww. {]mW³ A]m\³ kam\³
DZm\³ hym\³ F¶o A©p hmbp¡fpw A©pIÀ
t½{µnb§fpw tNÀ¶ {Inbmiàn A[nIw _eh¯m
bn¯ocp¶p. \mKw IqÀ½w IrIcw tZhZ¯w [\Úbw
F¶nhtbmSpw A©v Úmt\{µnb§tfmSpw IqSnb
Úm\ iàn _eh¯camIpw. iàn a[y¯nÂ
Aánbpw \m`o{I¯n chnbpw ØnXnsN¿p¶p. BZyw
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AImcmánbmWpÅXv. lrZbØm\¯v DImc¯nepw
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iàn ebn¸n¡Ww. {_Ò{KÙn AImc¯nepw hnjvWp
{KÙn lrZb¯nepw ØnXn sN¿p¶p.
71. cp{Z {KÙnÀ{`pthmÀ at[y `nZytX£
chmbp\m
AImtc kwØntXm {_Òm DImsc hnjvWp
cmØnXx
72. aImtc kwØntXm cp{Zx XtXm kym´m
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N P
IWw kwIpNy \mUymZu kvXw`ntX K
tb\ iànXx
73. ck\m ]oUyamt\bw tjmUiothmÀ
[zKman\o
{XnIqSw {Xnhn[m ssNh tKmemJw
\nJcw XYm
74. {Xn iwJh{PtamwImc aqÀ[z\mfw
{Zpt]mÀapJw
IpWvUeow Nmeb³ {]mWm³ t`Zb³
iinaWvUew
78. km[b³ h{PIpw`mWn \hZzmcmWn
_ÔtbXv
kpa\x ]h\mcqVx kcmtKm \nÀKpWkvXYm
]pcnI§fpsS a[y¯n ØnXnsN¿p¶ cp{Z{KÙn
A£chmbp aptJ\ t`Zn¡s¸Sp¶p. AImcw {_Òm
hnsâbpw DImcw hnjvWphnsâbpw aImcw cp{Zsâbpw
Øm\amIp¶p. AXnsâ Ahkm\`mK¯v ]cmXv]cw
ØnXnsN¿p¶p. IWvTw kt¦mNn¸n¨v \mUymZn iàn
sb kvXw`n¸n¡Ww. ]ns¶ \m¡v AaÀ¯n tjmUm
im[mcbpàhpw DuÀ[zKmanbpw {XnIqSbpàhpw
{Xnhn[w {_Òc{Ô Kmanbpw kq£vahpamb kpjpav\m
\mUntbbpw {Xn inJw h{Pw Hmw Imcbpàw DuÀ[z
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IpWvUen\n iànsbbpw {]mW§sfbpw Nen¸n¨v N{µ
aWvUew t`Zn¨v \hZzmc§Ä _Ôn¨v h{P Ipw`I
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hÀjnWn
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77. kÀh`qXØnXw tZhw kÀthiw
\nXyaˬtbXv
Bßcq]w XamtemIy Úm\cq]w \ncmabw
78. Zriyw Xw Znhy cqt]W kÀhhym]n
\ncRvP\w
lwk lwkhtZZzmIyw {]mWn\mw
tZlam{inXx
79. kl{ktaIw hybpXjv SiXw
ssNh kÀhZm
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80. ]qÀh`mtKlyt[menwKw inJnXymw
ssNh ]Ýnaw
 594
I tPymXnÀenwKw {ZpthmÀat[y \nXyw [ymtbXv
kZmbXnx
A§s\ Ccn¡pt¼mÄ, {_ÒØm\¯v \mZw
tIÄ¡p¶p. am{Xaà im´nbpsS \mUnbn \n¶pw
AarXhrjvSn D­mIp¶p. jSvN{IaWvUew t`Zn¡s¸
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]nbpw \ncRvP \hpamb B Znhykzcq]s¯ ZÀin¨v
lwkw, lwkw F¶p P]n¡Ww. {]mWnIfpsS icoc
¯n ØnXnsN¿p¶ {]mWm]m\{KÙnsb Acq]w
F¶p ]dbp¶p. Cu Acq]a{´w, \nXyhpw, Ccp]t¯m
cmbnc¯n Adp¶qdp XhW P]n¨m lwkw tkmlw
F¶pÅ cq]ambn¯ocp¶p. km[I³ kZm IpWvUen
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81. ANyptXmlaNnt´ymlaXÀtIym
latPmkvaylw
A{]mtWmlaImtbm la\wtKmkvay
`tbmkva ylw
82. Ai_vt Zmlacqt]mlakv] Àtimkva y
laZzbx
ActkmlaKtÔmla\mZncartXmkva ylw
83. A£tbmlaenwtKmlaPtcmkv ayI
temkva ylw
A{]mtWmlaaqtIm laNnt´ymkvayIrtXm
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84. A´cymayla{Kmtlym\nÀtZtiymla
e£Wx
AtKmt{Xm laKmt{XmlaN£pjvtImkvay
hmKlv
85. AZrtiymlahÀt®mlaJWvt Umkva y
laZv `qXx
A{iptXmlaZrjv tSmlat\zjvS thyma
ckv aylw
Rm³ ANypX\pw, ANn´y\pw, AXÀ¡y\pw,
P·clnX\pw, {]mWclnX\pw, icocclnX\pw, AwKc
lnX\pw, `bclnX\pw, i_vZclnX\pw, Acq]\pw,
Akv ]Ài\pw, AZzb\pw, ckhnlo\\pw, KÔcln
X\pw, A\mZyarXkzcq]\pw, A£b\pw, enwKclnX
\pw, Pcmlo\\pw, IemclnX\pw, A{]mW\pw, AaqI
\pw, ANn´y\pw, {InbmclnX\pw BIp¶p. Rm³
kÀhm´ycymanbpw, A{Kmly\pw \nÀt±ie£Wcln
N P
X\pw, AZriy\pw, h˨clnX\pw, AJWvU \pw,
K
AÛpX\pw, AZriy\pw, hÀ®clnX\pw, AJWvU\pw,
AÛpX\pw, A{ipX\pw, AZrjv S\pw, At\zjnt¡
­h\pw Aac\pamIp¶p.
86. Ahmbpc]y\mImtimtXPkvt Imhy`n
Nmcylw
AatXmlaPmtXmlaXnkq£vtam
hnImcylw
87. AcPkvtImXakvt Imlakv t¯zmkv a y
KptWmkva ylw
Aamtbm\p`hmßml\t\ym hnj
tbmkva ylw
88. AssZztXmla]q˨mla_mtlym
la\´cx
t{imXmlaZoÀtLmlahytàmla\mabx
89. AZzbm\µhnÚm\Lt\m kvaylahn{Ibx
A\ntÑmlatemt]mlaIÀ¯m
kvaylaZzbx
90. AhnZymImcylot\mlahm{Klk\tKmNcx
Aev t]mlatimtImlahnIevt]mkva y
hnÖze³
Rm³ hmbpclnX\pw, BImiclnX\pw, tXtPmc
lnX\pw, Ahy`nNmcnbp, AtÚb\pw, P·clnX\pw,
AXnkq£va\pw AhnImcnbpw kXzcPkvXtamclnX\pw
KpWmXoX\pw, ambmclnX\pw, A\y\pw AhnjbI\pw
AssZzX\pw, A]qÀ®\pw _mlym`y´clo\\pw,
t{im{XclnX\pw, AZoÀL\pw, Ahyà\pw, hym[nc
lnX\pw AhnImcnbpw CÑmclnX\pw AIÀ¯mhpw
Ate]\pw AZzb\pw B\µkzcq]\pw hnÚm\L
\\pw AhnImcnbpw CÑmclnX\pw AIÀ¯mhpw
Ate]\pw AZzb\pw AhnZymP\nXImcylo\\pw
A\ev]\pw timIclnX\pw \nÀhnIev]\pw hntijm-
ánclnX\pamIp¶p.
91. BZna²ym´lot\mlamImikZr
timkva ylw
BßssNX\ycqt]mlalam\µNnZvL \x
92. B\µmarXcqt]m lamßkwtØmla´cx
BßImtamlamImimXv ]camtß
iztcmkv aylw
93. Cuimt\mkva ylaotUymlalap¯a
]pcpjx
DXvI rjvtSmlap]{ZjvSmAlap¯cXtcm
kvaylw
 595

I 94. tIhtemlw IhnxIÀ½m²yt£mlw ]qÀ®m\µ\pw GIt_m[cq]\pw GIckcq]\pam K

IcWm[n]x Ip¶p.
Kplmi bmlwtKm]vXmlw N£pjÝ£p 101. {]ÚmtXmlw {]imt´mlw {]Imix
ckv aylw ]ctaizcx
95. NnZm\tµmkvaylw tNXm NnZvL\\Ýn·tbm GI[m Nn´yamt\mlw ssZzXmssZzX
kvaylw hne£Wx
tPymXnÀ½tbmkv aylwPmbmtÖymXnjmw 102. _pt²mlw `qX]mtemlw `mcpt]mlw
tPymXnckva ylw `Khm\lw
Rm³ BZna[ym´clnX\pw, BImikZriy\pw, altÚtbm alm\mkvan almtÚtbm
BßssNX\ycq]\pw B\µNnZvL\\pw B\µmarX atlizcx
cq]\pw, BßkwØnX\pw A´c\pw BßIma\pw
103. hnaptàmlw hn`pclwhtcWymhym
BImi¯n ]cmß]ctaizckzcq]\pw Cuim\\pw
]tImkva ylw
]qPy\pw, D¯a]pcpj\pw DXvIrjvS\pw D]{ZjvSmhpw
]cmXv] c\pw tIhe\pw Ihnbpw IÀ½m²ym£\pw sshizm\tcm hmkptZthm hnizXÝ
IcWm[n]Xnbpw Kp]vXmib\pw tKm]vXmhpw t\{X§Ä £pckva ylw
¡p t\{XhpamIp¶p. Rm³ NnZm\µ\pw tNX\sb 104. hnizm[ntImlwhnitZm hnjvWpÀhnizIr
{]Zm\w sN¿p¶h\pw NnZvL\\pw Nn·b\pw tPymXnÀ½ Zkv aylw
b\pw, tPymXnÊpIfn sh¨v t{ijvTamb tPymXnÊp ipt²mkva nip{Ix imt´mkva niiztXmkva n
amIp¶p. inthmkv aylw
96. Xakx km£ylw XpcyXptcymlw 105. kÀh`qXm´cmßml\\kva nk\mX\x
Xakx ]cx
AlwkIrZzn`mtXmkv antkz
Znthym tZthmkvan ZpÀZÀtim ZrjvSm[ymtbm alnav\n kZmØnXx
{[pthmkva ylw
Rm³ {]Úm\\pw, {]im´\pw, {]Imicq]\pw,
97. \ntXymlw \nchtZymlw \njv{Intbmkvan ]ctaizc\pw, ssZzXmssZzX§Ä¡pw `n¶amb GI
\ncRvP\x Nn´yam\\pw, _p²\pw `qX]meI\pw {]Imikzcq]
\nÀ½tem \nÀhnIevt]mlw \ncmJymtXm \pamb `Khm\pw almtÚb\pw, alm\mb atliz
kvan\nÝex c\pw hnapà\pw hn`phpw t{ijv T\pw, sshizm\c\pw
98. \nÀÆnImtcm \nXy]qtXm \nÀ¤ptWm hmkptZh\pw, hnizN£pkzcq]\pw hnizm[nI\pw
\nkv ]rtlmkva ylw hnizIÀ¯mhmb hniZ\pw hnjv W phpw ip²\pw
im´kzcq]\pw, imizX\pw, inh\pw, kÀhm`qXm
\ncn{µntbm \nb´mlw \nct]t£mkvan
´cmßmhpw, kzalnabn ØnXnsNbv X psIm­v
\njvIex
Ft¸mgpw {]Imiam\\mbncn¡p¶h\pamIp¶p.
99. ]pcpjx ]camßlw ]pcmWx ]ctamkvaylw
106. kÀhm´cx kzbw tPymXnx kÀhm[n]
]cmhtcmkvaylw ]q˨x Xnckva ylw
{]`pckvan ]pcmX\x
kÀh`qXm[nhmtkmlwkÀhhym
]qÀ®m\ssµIt_mt[mlw ]okzcmUlw
{]XytKIctkmkva ylw
107. kakvX km£o kÀhmßm
Rm³ AÔImc¯n km£nbpw Xpcy¯nsâbpw kÀh`qX Kplmibx
Xpcy\pw, AÔImc¯n\pw ]caamb ZnhytZhkzcq]\pw
kÀth{µnbKpWm`mkx kÀth{µnb
ZpÀ±Ài\pw ZrjvSn¡m[mcamb {[ph\pw, \nXy\pw,
hnhÀÖnXx
\nÀt±mj\pw, \njv{Inb\pw, \ncRvP\pw, \nÀ½e\pw,
\nÀhnIev]\pw, \ncmJymX\pw \nÝe\pw, \nÀhnIm 108. Øm\{XbhyXotXmlwkÀhm\p
c\pw, kZm]hn{X\pw, \nct]£\pw, \njv I f\pw, {KmltIm kvaylw
]ca]pcpj\pw, ]capcmW\pw, ]cm]c\pw, {]mÚ\pw, k¨nZm\µ]qÀ®mßm kÀhpt{]am
{]]t©m]ia\pw ]carX\pw ]pcmX\ ]qÀ®{]`phpw kv ]tZmkv aylw

N P
 596
I 109. k¨nZm\µamt{Xmlwkz{]Imtim
kvanNnZvLn\x
k¯zkzcq]k·m{Xkn²kÀhm
ßtImkv aylw
110. kÀhm[njvTnXk·m{Xx kzmß_µ\
ltcmkva ylw
kÀhKymtkmkvaylw kÀh{ZjvSm
kczm\p`qclw
Ghw tbm thZ Xt¯z\ sskh
]pcpj DNytX CXyp]\njXv
Rm³ kÀhm´c\pw tPymXnkzcq]\pw kÀhm[n]
Xnbpw kakvX`qX§fpw F¶n Xs¶bmWv hkn¡p
¶Xv. Rm³ kÀÆhym]nbpw, km{am«pamIp¶p. Rm³
1 {_tÒm-]-\n-j¯v
im´na{´w
Hmw k l \ mh h X p k l \ u ` p \ à p
klhocyw Ichmhl tXPkzn\m h[oX akvXp
amhnZznjmh ssl Hmw im´nx im´nxim´nx
]c{_Òw R§sf c­pt]cpw Hcpan¨v c£n¡s«.
R§Ä c­pt]cpw Hcpan¨v apt¶m«p t]mIs« Hcpan¨v
IgnhpIÄ {]ZÀin¸n¡s«. R§fpsS A [yb\w
tXPkznbmIs« R§Ä Ieln¡m³ CShcmXncn¡s«.
Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
1. AYmky ]pcpjky NXzmcn Øm\m\n `h´n
\m`nÀlrZbw IWvTw aqÀ[m N X{X NXpjv]mZw
{_Ò hn`mXn PmKcntX {_Òm kz]vt\ hnjvWp
kpjp]vX u cp{ZkvX pcoba£cw k BZntXym
hnjvWptÝizcÝ kzbaa\kvIat{im{Xa]mWn
]mZw tPymXn hnZnXw b{X temIm \temIm tZhm
\ tZhmthZm \ thZm bÚ\ bÚm amXm \
amXm ]nXm \ ]nXm kv\pjm \ kv\pjm NWvU
tem \ NÞmex ]uev¡ kx {iatWm \ {iaWx
Xm]tkm \ Xm]kx GItah XXv ]c{_Ò
hn`mXn \nÀhmWw
N P
Xs¶bmWv kÀh¯n\pw km£n. Rm³ kÀhmßmhpw
K
kÀh`qX§fpsSbpw, Kplymib\pamIp¶p. Rm³
kÀtÆ{µnbclnX\pw BIp¶p. Rm³ Øm\{XbmXo
X\pw FÃmhscbpw A\p{Kln¡p¶h\pamIp¶p. Rm³
Xs¶bmWv FÃmhcpsSbpw t{]a¯n\v Bkv]Zambncn
¡p¶ k¨nZm\µ]qÀ®mßmhv. Rm³ k¨nZm\µam
{X\pw kzbw {]Imi\pamb NnZvL \cq]\pamIp¶p.
Rm³ kXykzcq]\pw, k·m{X\pw kn²nbpw kÀhm-
ßmhpamIp¶p. Rm³ kÀhm[mccq]\pw, kXykzcq]\pw
kzmßm_Ô\lÀ¯mhpw BIp¶p. Rm³ FÃmhtc
bpw {Kkn¡p¶h\pw, FÃmw ImWp¶h\pw, kÀhm\p`
hcq]\pamIp¶p. C{]Imcw X¯zw {Kln¡p¶h\mWv
]pcpj³ F¶v Cu D]\nj¯p ]dbp¶p.
{_ÒhntZym]\nj¯v kam]n¨p
3
3. \ {X tZhm Ejb ]nXcx C£tX {]Xn
_p²kÀhhntZymXn
4. lrZnØmx tZhXm kÀhm lrZn {]mWm
{]XnjvTnXm lrZn {]mWÝ tPymXnÝ {XnhrXv
kq{Xw N XZznZp ssNXt\y XnjvTXn
5. btÚ m]h oX w ]c aw ]h n{Xw {]P m]
tXÀbXv klPw ]pckv X mXv Bbpjya{Kyw
{]Xnap© ip{`w btÚm]hoXw _eakv X p
tXPx
1. icoc¯n \m`n lrZbw IWvTw {_Òc{Ôw Cu
\mse®w Bßmhnsâ hntijØm\§fmWv. AhbnÂ
\mep NcW§fpff {_Òw {]ImibabamIp¶p. Pm{KXv,
kz]v\w, kpjp]vXn,Xpcobw CXmWv Bßmhnsâ \mev
AhØIÄ. Chbn P{K¯n {_Òcq]¯nepw
kz]v \ ¯n hnjvW p cq]¯nepw {]Imiabambn
`hn¡p¶p.Bßmhv, a\Êv C{µnb§Ä, Imev, ssI Ch
sbm¶pw CÃm¯XmWv. AXv {]Imiabambn Adnb
s¸Sp¶p.
2. Cu Bßmhv AXmbXv {_Òw temI¯n temIkz
cq]aÃ. amXmhv amXrcq]¯neÃ, `oe³ `oecq]¯neÃ,
 597

I k\ymkn k\ymknbpsS cq]¯neÃ, hm\{]Øn hm\{] 6. inJtbmsSm¸w apÞ\w sNbvXXn\ptijw AXmbXvK

ØnbpsS cq]¯nepaÃ, F¶m Cu {_Òw kZm H¶p k\ymknbmbXn\p tijw PmRm\n¡v {_Òkq{Xw
Xs¶bmbn \nÀhmW kzcq]ambn {]Imin¡p¶p. ssIshSnbmw bmsXm¶ns\ Ahn\minbmb ]c{_Ò
3. Cu {_Ò¯n tZhKW§tfm EjnItfm ]nXypKW- sa¶v ]dbp¶p. AXp Xs¶ Cu kq{X¯nsâ cq]¯n
§tfm Hcp Ignhpw DÄs¡mffp¶nÃ. Úm\w sIm­p se¶p {Kln¨p. AXns\ lrZb¯n [cn¡pI.
am{Xta AXns\ Adnbm³ km[n¡q. AXv hnZymkzcq 7. ]c{_Òw lrZb¯n IpSn sImffp¶psh¶v ]dbp
]amIp¶p. ¶Xv. kq{Xsa¶Xnsâ AÀ°w ]ca]Zsa¶mWv. Cu
4. FÃm PohnIfpsSbpw lrZb¯n kakvX tZhXIfpw kq{X¯nsâ XXzw {Kln¨h³ {_mÒWthZ]mc
\nesImffp¶p. lrZb¯nemWv {]mW³. ]camßmhv KmanbmWv.
aq¶p kzcq]¯n ImWs¸Sp¶p. Cu XYyw kqNn¸n¡p
8. NcSnt·Â Ipcp¡Ä tImÀ¯nW¡p¶Xpt]mse
¶Xn\mbn aq¶p Cgbpff bÚkq{Xw AYhm ]qWqÂ
]c{_Ò¯n kakvX hnizhpw tImÀ¯nW¡s¸«n
[cn¡p¶p. AXnsâ XXzadnbp¶hÀ AXv hniZam¡p¶p.
cn¡p¶p. AXpsImASmWv kq{Xsa¶ t]À In«nbXv.
]camßmhv lrZb¯n ssNX\ykzcq]ambn hkn
XXz {ZjvSm¡fpw tbmKth¯m¡fpw BbhÀ CXv amd¯v
¡p¶p.
[cnt¡­XmWv.
5. AXnsâ kqN\ \ÂIp¶ btÚm]hoXw Gähpw
]cnip²amWv. AXv BZys¯ {]Pm]XntbmsSm¸w 9. D¯a tbmKamÀ¤w ]n´pScp¶ Úm\n ]pdsabpff
D­mbXmWv BbpjvIcamWXv. AXp a\Ênem¡n \o kq{Xw (]qWqÂ) Dt]£n¨p sImffs«. {_Òkzcq]s¯
DÖzehpw D¯ahpamb btÚm]hoXw [cn¡Ww. AXv Adnbp¶XmWv kq{Xw. Cu kq{Xw [cn¡p¶h³ AtX
_eZmbIhpamWv. ssNX\y kzcq]w Xs¶. Cu kq{Xw [cn¡p¶Xp sIm­v
a\pjy³ A]hn{X\mIp¶nÃ.
6. k inJw h]\w IrXzm
_ln kq{Xw XytPXv _p[x 10. Úm\amIp¶ btÚm]hoXw [cn¡p¶ ]pcpj-
·mcpsS lrZb¯n {_Òcq]amb kq{Xw D­v. A§s\-
bZ£cw ]cw {_Ò
bpffhcmWv kq{X¯nsâ hmkvXhnIØnXn a\Ênem-
XXv kq{X anXn [mctbXv ¡p¶Xv. AhcmWv bYmÀ°¯nepff bÚm]hoXw
7. kq\mXvk q{XanXymlp [cn¡p¶hÀ.
kq{Xw \ma ]cw ]Zw 11. Úm\ inJnt\m Úm\\njvTm
XXv kq{Xw hnZn Xw tb\ Úm\ btÚm]hoXn\x
k hnt{]mthZ]mcKx Úm\tah ]cw tXjmw
8. tb\ kÀhanZw t{]mXw ]hn{Xw Úm\apNytX
kqt{X aWnKWm Ch
12. Atácnh inJm \m\ym
XXv kq{Xw [mctbtZymKo
bky Úm\abo inJm
tbmKhn¯XzZÀinhm³
k inJoXypNytXhnZzm³
9. _lnx kq{Xw XytPXv hnZzm t¶Xtc tIi [mcnWx
\tbmKXzap]mØnXx
13. IÀaWy[nIrXm tb Xp
{_Ò `mhanZw kq{Xw
sshZnIm {_mÒWmZbx
[mctbXv bx ktNX\x
ssXXc`n[mXyanZw kq{Xw
10. [mcWm¯ky kq{Xky
{InbmwKw X²n ssh kvarXw
t\mÑnjvtSm \mipNnÀ`thXv
14. inJm Úm\abobky
kq{X a´ÀKXw tbjmw
Úm\btÚm]hoXn\mw D]hoXw N X·bw
tX ssh kq{XhntZmtemtI {_mÒWyw k^ew Xky
tX Xp btÚm] hoXn\x CXn {_Ò hntZm hnZpx

N P
 598
I 15. CZw bPvtRm]hoXw Xp
]caw bXv ]mcmbWw
k hnZzm³ btÚm]hoXn
kymXv kXw bÚn\w hnZpx
11. Úm\amIp inJ tNÀ¶hcpw Úm\¯n Xs¶
\njvT tNcp¶hcpw BbhcpsS btÚm]hoXs¯
kw_Ôn¨msW¦n bYmÀ° Úm\amWv Ahsc
]cnip²cm¡p¶Xv.
12. bmsXmcp hyàn¡v AáninJnsb¶t]mse Úm\-
¯nsâXmb inJtNcp¶p. AbmÄ¡v thsdmcp inJ
th­, Ahs\bmWv bYmÀ° inJm[mcnbmbpw Úm\n
bmbpw KWnt¡­Xv.
13. sshZnIÀ½§Ä¡v A[nImcnbmbn«pff {_mÒW³
]qWq [cnt¡­Xp­v. F´psIms­¶m AXns\
{InbbpsS AwKambn kzoIcn¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p.
14. bmsXmcphsâ inJ Úm\abnbmWv Abmfm-
Wv{_Òth¯mhv. AXpt]mse Úm\abamb btÚm
]hoXapffh\mWv {_mÒWXz¯nsâ ]qÀ¯n tNÀ¶
h³.
15. Úm\w Xs¶bmWv btÚm]hoXw. AXpXs¶
bmWv kÀht{ijvTw. AXn\m PvRm\nbmWv bYmÀ°
¯n btÚm]hoXw [cn¡p¶h³. AbmfmWv icn
bmb bPzmhv.
16. GtIm tZh kÀh `qtXjp KqVx kÀhhym]o
kÀhhym]o
kÀh`qXm´cmßm IÀ½m[y£x
kÀh `qXm[n
hmkx km£o tNXm tIhtem \nÀKpWÝ
17. GtImhio kÀh`qXm´cmßm
GIw cq]w _lp[m bx ItcmXn
XamßØw tb\p ]iy´n [ocm
kvtXjmw im´nx imizXo t\Xtcjmw
18. Bßm\acWnw IrXzm
{]Whw tNm¯cmcWnw
[ym\ \nÀ½Y\m`ymkm
t£{Xw ]tiy¶n KqVhXv
19. Xntejp ssXew Z[\oh kÀ¸n
cw]x t{kmXx kzcWojp Nmán
Ghamß\y]n PmbtX fku
ktXyss\\w X]km tb f\p ]iyXn
N P
20. DuÀ®\m`nÀ bYm X\q³ K
krtX kwlXy]n
Pm{KXv kz]vt\ XYm Pothm
KÑXymKÑtX ]p\x
16. GI\mb ]camßmhv FÃmPohnIfnepw KqV\pw
kÀhhym]nbpw kIe `qX§fpsSbpw A´cmßmhpw
kIecpsSbpw IÀ½§sf \nba¯n _Ôn¡p¶
h\pw kIe PohnIfpsSbpw km£nbpw ssNX\ykzcq
]\pw ip²\pw \nÀKpW\pamIp¶p.
17. B GI\pw kIeXns\bpw hi¯m¡p¶h\pw
kIe`qX§fpsSbpw A´cmßmhpamb bmsXm¶v Xsâ
GIamb cq]w At\I {]Imc¯n {]ISam¡p¶p.
AXns\ bmsXmcp _p²nam³ X¶n HXp§nbncn¡p¶
Xmbn ImWp¶p, AhÀ¡p am{XamWvim´n, A\yÀ¡Ã.
18. Bßmhns\ Xmgs¯ AcWnbmbpw Hm¦mcs¯
apIfnes¯ AcWnbmbpw XoÀ¯v [ym\amIp¶ IStIm
epsIm­v ISªv A{]ISamb Bßmhns\ km£mXvI
cn¡Ww.
19. F{]Imcw Fffn F®bpw ssXcn s\¿pw {]hml
¯n Pehpw hndIn Aánbpw A{]IScq]¯n \ne-
sImffp¶p. AXpt]mse Bßmhpw \½psS DffnÂ
\nesImffp¶p. B Bßmh vX]ÊpsIm­pw kXyw
sIm­pw {]ISamIp¶p.
20. F«pImen F{]Imcw \qepIÄ ]pds¯Sp¡pIbpw
Ah X¶nte¡v hen¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. AXpt]mse
Pohmßmhpw Pm{KZhØbnepw kz]v\mhØbnepw
h¶pw t]mbpancn¡p¶p.
21. t\{XØw PmKcnXw hnZymXv
IWvt T kz]v\ w kamhntiXv
kpjp]vXw lrZbkvX w Xp
Xpcobw aqÀZ[v\n kwØnXw
22. btXm hmtNm \nhÀ¯t´
A{]m]y a\km kl
kv] µtaXÖohky
bÚmXzmapNytX _p[x
23. kÀhhym]n\amßm\w
£otc k¸ncnhØnXw
BßhnZymXt]maqew
XZv {_tÒm]\njXv]Zw
XXv{_tÒm]\njXv ]ZanXn
21. Pm{KZhØbnse sshizm\cs\¶p t]cpff Bßmhv
t\{X¯nencn¡p¶p. kz]v\ mhØbnse ssXPk
 599

I Bßmhv lrZb¯nÂ, \memas¯Xmb Xpcobmh Úm\s¯ a\Ênem¡n Úm\nbmb hyàn apà\m K

Øbn Bßmhv {_Òc{Ô¯nencn¡p¶pþ C§s\
a\Ênemt¡­Xp­v.
22. bmsXmcnS¯v a\pjysâ hmWnbpw a\Êpw sN¶
¯m³ km[n¡p¶nÃ, A§s\bpff Bßmhnsâ
bn¯ocp¶p.
23. ]men s\s¿¶t]mse kIeZn¡nepw hym]vXamb
Bßmhv X]Ên\m {]m]n¡m³ Ignbpw Cu Bßmhv
Xs¶bmWv {_Òw. CXmWv D]\nj¯pIfpsS ]ca]Zw.
{_tÒm]\nj¯v kam]n¨p.

1 `n£p-tIm-]-\n-j¯v 3

im´n-]mTw [cn¨v a[p amwkw F¶nh hÀÖn¨v {_ÒÀjn- am-cpsS Krl-

Hmw ]qÀ®-aZx ]qÀ®-anZw ]qÀ®mXv ]qÀ®p- ¯n \n¶pw F«v Dcp-f-am{Xw Blmcw Ign-¡p- Ibpw tbmK-
Z-NytX ]qÀ×ky ]qÀ®m-Zmb ]qÀ®-tahm hin- amÀ¤w aptJ\ tam£w At\z-jn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
jytX 4. AY lwkm \ma {Kma GI-am{Xw \Ktc ]©-
Cu ]c-{_Ò ]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶p. Cu {]]-©hpw ]qÀ®- cm{Xw t£t{X k]vXc - m{Xw XZp-]cn Xh-tkbpwx
am-Ip-¶p. ]qÀ®mb ]c-{_-Ò-¯n \n¶v ]qÀ®-amb Cu tKmaq-{X-tKm-a-bm-lm-cntWm \nXyw Nm{µm-b-W-]c- m-
{]]-©- ap-­m-Ip-¶p. ]qÀ®-¯n \n¶pw ]qÀ®w FSp¯p bWx tbmtK tam£-amÀ¤-tah {]mÀ°-bt´
Ign-ªmepw ]qÀ®w Xs¶ Ah-ti-jn-¡p-¶p.
lwk-hn-`m-K-¯n s]Sp¶ k\ym-kn-amÀ {Kma¯nÂ
1. AY `n£qWmw tam£mÀ°n\x IpSo-N-I-_- Hcp cm{Xnbpw \K-c-¯n A©p cm{Xnbpw t£{X-¯nÂ
lp-Z-I-lw-k-]-c-a-lw-tkm-tÝXn NXzmcx Ggp cm{Xnbpw am{Xw hkn-¡p-¶p. AhÀ tKmaq-{X-tKm-a-bm-
tam£w Imw£n-¡p¶ `n£p-¡Ä, IpSo-N-I³, _lq- lm-cn- Ifpw \nXyhpw Nm{µm-bW {hXw A\p-jvTn-¡p- ¶- hcpw
Z-I³, lwk³, ]c-a-lw-k³ F¶o \mep {]Im-c-¯n-ep-­v. BWv. ChÀ tbmK-amÀ¤-¯n IqSn tam£w tXSp-¶p.

2. IpSo-NnIm \ma KuXa `c-ZzmP bmÚ-hevIy 5. AY ]c-a-lwkm \ma kwhÀ¯-Im-cp-Wn-tizX

hkn-j v T - { ]- ` r- X tbm AjvS u {Kmkmw- Ý -c t´m
tbmK amÀt¤ tam£-tah {]mÀ°-bt´
IpSo-Nn-I³ F¶ hn`m-K-¯n s]Sp¶ k\ym-kn-Ku-
X-a³ `c-Zzm-P³ bmÚ-he - vIy³ hkn-jvT³ F¶n-h-sc-
t¸mse F«p Dcp-f-IÄ am{Xw `£n-¨p-sIm­v tbmK-amÀ-¤-
¯n IqSn tam£w tXSp-¶p.
3. AY _lq-ZtIm \ma {XnZ-Þ-I-a-Þep inJm-
b-tÚm-]-ho-XI
- m-jmb hkv{X-[m-cntWm {_ÒÀjn-
Krtl a[p-amwkw hÀP-b nXzm AjvTu-{Km-k ³
ss`£m-N -cWw IrXzm tbmK-amÀt¤ tam£-tah
{]mÀ°-bt´
_lq-Z-I³ F¶ hn`m-K-¯n s]Sp¶ k\ymkn
{XnZÞw Ia-Þep inJm kq{Xw Imjm-b-hkv{Xw F¶nh
N P
tIXp PU-`-cX Z¯m-t{Xb ipI hma-tZh lmco-
X-{]-`r-Xtbm Aãu {Kmkmw-Ý-ct´m tbmK amÀt¤
tam£-tah {]mÀ°-bt´ hr£-aqte iq\y-Krtl
ivaim\ hmknt\m hm kmw_ cm hm ZKw-_cm
hm \ tXjmw [À½m-[À½ em`m-em`u ip²m-ip²u
ssZzX-h ÀPnXm ka-tem-j vS mÝ Im©\m kÀh-
hÀt®jp ss`£m-N-cWw IrXzm kÀh-{Xm-ssß-
thXn ]iy´n AY PmX-cq-]-[-cm-\nÀZzµzmx \njv]-
cn-{Klm ip¢-[ym\ ]cm-bWm Bß-\njvTm {]mW
kÔm-c-WmÀ°w btYmà Imte ss`£-am-Nc - ´x
iq\ym-Kmc tZh-Kr-l -X r-W-I q-S -h-e vao-I-h r-£-aqe
Ipem-e-i m-em-án-tlm{X imem-\-Zo-]p-fn-\ -Kn-c n-I-µ -c-
Ip-lc tImSc \nÀQ-c-ØÞ - nte X{X {_Ò-am-
Àt¤ kayIv k¼¶m ip²-am-\kmx ]c-a-lw-k m-

I Nc tW\ k\ym-tk\ tZl-XymKw Àh´n tX ]c-
a-lwkm \mtaXyp]\n-jXv
]c-a-lw-k³ F¶ hn`m- K- ¯n s]Sp¶ k\ym-kn-amÀ
kwhÀ¯-I³ Bcp-Wn, tizX-tI-Xp, PU-`-c- X³, Z¯m-{X-
b³, ipI-tZ-h³, hma-tZ-h³, lmco-X³, F¶n-h-sc- t¸mse
F«p Dcpf am{Xw `£n¨v tbmK- amÀ¤- ¯nÂIqSn tam£s¯
At\z-jn-¡-¶p. Cu ]c-a-lw-k-·mÀ hr£ aqe-If - ntem
iq\y Krl-§-entem ivaim-\m-Zn-I-fntem hkv{Xw [cnt¨m
hkv{Xw [cn-¡m-sXtbm hkn-¡p-¶p. AhÀ¡v [À½m-
[À½m-Zn-I-sf-¸-äntbm em`m-em-`-§-sf-¸-äntbm ip²m-ip-²m-
Xn-Is
- f-¸-äntbm Nn´- bn-Ã. AhÀ¡v ssZzX-`m-h-an-Ã. a®pw
s]m¶pw cXv\hpw kam-\-ambn Icp-Xp-¶p. FÃm hÀ®-§-
1 aWv U - e - { _m- Ò - t Wm- ] - \ n- j ¯v 3
Hmw. ]q˨-aZx ]q˨-an-Zw. ]q˨mXv ]q˨-
ap-Z-Ny-tX. ]q˨ky ]q˨-am-Zmb ]q˨-tahm
hin-jy-tX. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
]c-{_Òw ]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶p. Cu PK¯pw ]qÀ®-am-
Ip-¶p. ]qÀ®-amb ]c-{_-Ò-¯n \n¶v ]qÀ®-amb PK¯v
Dev]-¶a- m-Ip-¶p. Cu ]qÀ® {_Ò-¯n \n¶p ]qÀ®-
amb PK¯v amän-\nÀ¯n-bmepw ]qÀ®-amb {_Òw Ah-
ti-jn-¡p-¶p. Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx
{]Ya {_mÒWw
1. bmÚ-hevtIym l ssh alm-ap-\n-cm-ZnXy temIw
PKm-a. Xam-ZnbvXp \Xzmt`m `K-h-¶m-Zn-Xymß XXz-
a\p {_qlo-Xn. k tlmhmN \mcm-bWx Úm\
klnX bam-Zy-jvSmwK tbmK DNy-tX. intXm-jvWm-
lmc \n{Zm-hn-Pbx kÀhZm im´n \nÝ-eXz hnj-
tb-{µnb \n{K-ls - sÝtX bamx
Kpcp- ` ànx kXy- a mÀ¤m-\ p- c -à n. apJm- b X
hkvX\p `hÝ XZz-kvXm-\p-`t- h\ XpjvSnÀ\n-kw-
KXm GIm´ hmtkm at\m-\ n-h r-¯ n. ^em\
`nemjo sshcmKy `mhÝ \nbamx
kpJm- k - \ - h r- ¯ n- Ý nc hmk- X - s Ý- h m- k \
\nbtam `h-Xn. ]qcI Ipw`-I-tc-NssIx tjmUi
N P
600
fn \n¶pw `£Ww Ign-¡p-¶p. kÀh-`q-X-§-sfbpw X§-
K
sf-t¸mse ImWp-¶p. \á-·mcpw \nÀZz-µz-·mcpw A]-cn-{K-
l-cp-am-W-hÀ. ip¢-[ym-\-sa¶ tbmK-\n-e-ssI-s¡m-Åp-¶-
hcpw Bß-\n-jvT-·mcpw Pohn-¡m³ th­n-am{Xw `n£
tXSp- ¶- hcpw iq\y- Øm-\-§-fntem tZhm- e- b- §- entem B{K-
a-§-fntem hmevao- I- ¯ntem hr£- ¨p-h-«ntem Ipi-h-·m- cpsS
hoSp-I-fntem bÚ-im-e-I-fntem \Zo Xoc-§-entem Kncn-K-
lz-c-§-fntem Ip­ntem Ipgn-bntem Acp-hn-If - ntem HmS-
I-fntem Ign-ªp-Iq-Sn. {_Ò-amÀ¤-]-cm-b-W-cmbn ip²-Nn-
¯-cmbn ]c-c-a-lw-kÀ¡v hn[n-¨n-«pÅ BNm-c-§Ä A\p-
jvTn¨v k\ym-k-¯m tZl-XymKw sN¿p-¶-hcpw BWv.
]c-a-lw-k-·mÀ F¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp¶ ChÀ hnin-ã-cm-Wv.
`n£p-tIm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
NXpx- j jv Sn Zzm{Xnw iXv kwJybm bYm-{Iaw
{]mWm-bmax hnj-tb`yx C{µn-bmÀ°nt`ym at\m-
\n-tcm-[\ {]Xym-lmcx hnj-hym-hÀ¯ ]qÀhIw
ssNX-t\ym-tN-X-Øm-]\w [mcWw `h-Xn. kÀh-
i-co-tcjvS ssNX-ss\y-IX - m-\Xm [ym\w. kÀh-i-
co-tcjvS ssNX-ss\y-IX - \
- m-\Xm [ym\w. [ym\-hn-
kvarXnx kam[nx Ghw kq£vam KXnx b Ghw
thZ kap-àn-`mKv `h-Xn.
alm-ap-\n-bmb bmÚ-he - vIy³ kqcy-tem-I-¯nÂ
t]mbn kqcy-tZ-hs\ \a-kvI-cn¨v tNmZn¨p:þ ""`K-hm-s\,
kqcy tZh, A§v Fs¶ Bß-XXzw D]-tZ-in-¡-Ww.
AXp-tI«v kqcy-\m-cm-b-W³ ]dªp:þ Úm\-t¯mSv
tNÀ¶v bam-Zn-Isf AjvSmw-Kt- bmKw F¶v ]d-bp-¶p.
ioXw, DjvWX - , Blm-cw, \n{Z Ch-bn hnPbw kZm
im´n, \nÝ-eX C{µn-b-§-fn \nb-{´Ww þ Ch-bmWv
baw. Kpcp-`-àn, kXy-amÀ¤-¯nÂ
{]oXn In«p-¶-Xn-Â kwXr-]vXn, A\m-k-àn, GIm-
´-hm-kw, a\-Ênsâ \nb-{´Ww kpJ-ambn Gsd-t\cw
Htc \ne-bn Ccn-¡p-hm³ Ignhp Ch Bhiyam-Wv.
]Xn-\m-dp-am-{X-bn ]qc-Iw, Adp-]¯n \mep am{X-bnÂ
Ipw`-Iw, ap¸-¯n-c­p am{X-bn tcN-Iw-C-XmWv {]mWm-
bm-a-¯nsâ kz`mhw. C{µn-b-hn-jb - -§-fnÂ\n¶pw a\-

I Êns\ ]n³h-en-¡p-¶Xv {]Xym-lm-c-am-Ip-¶p. hnj-b-§-
fn \n¶v ]n´n-cn-¸n¨ a\-Êns\ ssNX-\y-¯n-ep-d¸
¡p-¶ -X mWv [mc- W . kI- e - i - co-c -¯ nepw Htc Hcp
ssNX\yw am{XtabpÅq. B \ne-bn-epÅ Ønc-X-bmWv
[ym\w. [ym\-s¯-¯-s¶bpw hnkva-cn-¡p-¶-XmWv kam-
[n. CXmWv {]mWm-bm- a-¯nsâ kq£vamw-K-§Ä. Ch Adn-
bp-¶h- ³ apàn¡v AÀl-\m-Ip-¶p.
2. tZlky ]© tZmjmx `h´n Ima- t {Im[
\nizmk `b \n{Zmx X¶n-cm-kk - vXp, \nx kw¦-ev]-
£am eLzm lmcm-{]-am-Z¯m XXztam Z\w. \n{Zm-
`-b-k-co-kr]w lnwkmZn XcwKw XrjvW, hÀ¯w
Zzmc]¦w kwkm-c-hmÀ[nw XcnXpw kq£vamÀ¤-a-
h-e w_y kXzmZn KpWm-\-{Xn-{Iay Xmc-I-a-ht- em-
I-tbXx `qa-[y-k-¨n-Zm-\µ tXPx IqS-cq]w XmcIw
{_Ò XZm-]yp-]mbw e£v{X-bm-h-tem-I\ - w.
aqem-[m-cm-Zm-{_-Òc
- -{Ô-]-cy´w kpjp-av \m-kq-
cym-`m. X·t²y XSnXv tImSn kam arWm-f-X´p
kq£vam IpWvU-en-\o. X{X-Xtam \nhr¯nx
XZvZ Ài-\m kÀh ]m]-\n-hr¯nx XÀP\y
t{Km·o-enX IÀ®-c -{Ôtb ^qXvIm-c-i-_vtZm-P m-
btX X{X-Ø ntX a\kn N£pÀa²y tPymXnx
]iyXn Ghw lrZ-tb-]n. _lnÀ e£yw Xp\m-
kmt{K NXpx jU-j vS-Z-i -Zzm-Z-i mw-Kp-eo`nx {Iam-
¶oe ZypXn iyma Xz l Zrà `wKo-Øp-cXv ]oX-
hÀ®-Zz-tbm-t]Xw thymaXzw ]iyXn k Xptbm-
Ko. Ne-\Z- rjvSym thyma `mK-ho-£nXpx ]pcp-jky
ZrjvSy-t{K-tPym-XnÀ abpJm hÀ¯-t´, XZvZrjvSnx
Øncm `h-Xn. ioÀtjm-]cn ZzmZ-imw-Kp-e-am-\-tPym-
Xn. ]iyXn XZm arXz taXn.
a[y-e£yw Xp {]mX-Ýn{Xm Zn hÀ® kqcy
N{µ-hÓn Pzmem heo-h¯ Zznlo-\m-´-co-£-h-Xv.
]iy-Xn. XZm Imcm-Imco `h-Xn. A`ym-km-¶nÀhn-
Imc KpW-cl - n-Xm-Imi `h-Xn. hnkv^p-c¯
- m-cI
- m-
Imc KmV-Xtam hiw ]cm-Imiw `h-Xn. kÀthm-
XvIrjvS ]c-a-Xzo-Xnb {]tZym-Xvam\ XXzm-Imiw
`h-Xn. tImSn kqcy-{]-Im-i-k-¦miw `h-Xn. Gh-a-
`ym-km-¯·- tbm `h-Xn. b Ghw thZ.
2. Imaw, t{Im[w, \nizm-kw, `bw, \n{Z Ch ico-c¯
- nsâ
A©p tZmj-§-fm-Ip-¶p. k¦-ev]-c-ln-X-X, £a, Aev]m-
lm-cw, \nÀ`-b-X, XXz-Nn-´\w Ch Cu tZmj-§Ä AI-
äm³ D]-Ic - n¡pw bmsXm-¶n \n{Zbpw `bpw kÀ¸-cq-h-
amWv; lnwk Xnc-am-e-I-fmWv; XrjvW Npgn-bmWv; kv{Xo
Nfn-bm-W v. A§-s \-bpevf kwkm-c-k m-K-c-¯ nÂ\n¶v
A¡c IS-¡p-¶-Xn\v kq£va-amÀ¤-a-h-ew-_n¨v kXzm-Zn-
Kp-W-§-f-h-ew-_n¨v Xmc-I-{_-Òs¯ [ym\n-¡W - w. c­p
]pcn-I -§-fpsS a[y-¯n-emWv Xmc-I{- _-Òw. A`ymkw
sIm­v AXv km[n-¡-Ww. AXnsâ D]m-b-sa¶ \ne-bnÂ
N P
601
aq¶p e£y-§Ä ImW-Ww. aqem-[mcw apX {_Ò-c{Ôw K
- n- hsc kpjpav\ F¶p t]cpÅ kqcy-k-am-\a - mb Hcp
\mUn-bp-­v. Xma-c-h-fbw t]mse kq£va-amb IpWvU-en-
\n-bp-­v. AXn-\m Xtam-KpWw Zqc-¯n-em-Ip-¶p. AXnsâ
ZÀi-\¯- m kÀh-]m-]hpw AI-ep-¶p. Nq­mWn hncÂ
sIm­v c­p sNhnbpw AS-¨m sNhn-¡-I-¯p-\n¶v ""`q''
F¶ i_vZw tIÄ¡mw. AXn a\-Êp-d¸ - n-¨m t\{X
a[y-¯n Hcp-tPym-XnÊp ImWm³ km[n-¡pw. AXp-
t]mse lrZ-b-¯nepw ImWmw. ]pd-sa-bpÅ e£yw
CXmWv þ aq¡nÂ\n¶v \mev, Bdv, F«v, ]¯v, ]{´­v
AwKpew Zqc-¯n {ItaW \oen¨pw Idp¯pw Npa¶pw
aª-¨pw, DÅ \nd-§-fpsS an{iWw BIm-i¯ - n-se-¶-
t]mse tbmKn¡v ImWm³ Ign- bp-¶p. N©-e-Zr-jvSn-tbmsS
BIm-i¯ - nsâ a[y-`m-K¯v t\m¡p¶ hyàn¡v Hcp
{]tXyI tXP-In-cWw ImWm³ Ignbpw AXv Ønc-ambn
\ne-sIm-Åpw. inc-Ênsâ apI-fn ]{´­v AwKpew \of-
apÅ {]Imiw ImWm³ Ign-bp-t¼mÄ tbmKn¡v Aa-cXzw
kn²n-¡p-¶p. a[y-e£yw CXmWv þ {]`m-X-¯n kqcy³,
N{µ³, Aán, Pzme Cu amXr-I- bnepw Ah-bn-Ãm¯ A´-
co£w t]msebpw Hcp Zriyw ImWm³ km[n-¡p-¶p. Ah-
km\w tbmKn¡v \nÀhn-Im-chpw KpW-c-ln-X-hp-amb BIm-
i-¯n\v Xpey-amb AhØ `h-n¡p-¶p. amlm-Im-i-¯nsâ
ZÀi-\hpw tbmKn¡v e`n-¡pw. alm-Imiw {]Im-ia - m-\-§-
fmb \£-{X-§Ä \ndª a«n- epÅ AÔ-Im-c-]qÀ®-sa¶
a«nepw Zriy-am-Ip-¶p. {]f-bmán cq]-¯nepw alm-Imew
A\p-`-h-s¸-Smw. XXz-Imi ZÀi-\hpw km[n-¡pw. IqSmsX
tImSn-¡W - ¡
- n\v kqcy-·mÀ DZn-¨m-se-¶t- ]m-epÅ kqcym-
Im-ihpw ZrjvSn tKmN-c-am-Imw. AX-dn-bp-¶-h³ A`ym-k-
¯m AXn X·-b-\m-Ip-¶p.
3. XtZymKw N Zzn[m hn²n ]qÀthm-¯c hn`m-KXx
]qÀhw Xp XmcIw hnZymXv Aa-\kvIw
XZp-¯-c-anXn
XmcIw Zznhn-[w. aqÀ¯n Xmc-Ia - -aqÀ¯n
Xmc-I-an-Xn.
bZn-{µn-bm´w X·qÀ¯n Xmc-Iw. bZv
{`qbp-Km-XoXw
XXv aqÀ¯n Xmc-Ia - n-Xn. D`-b-a]n at\m-bp-à-
a-`y-tk-Xv.
at\m-bp-àm-´c ZrjvSn-kvXm-cI
{]Im-imb `h-Xn.
{`qbp-Ka- -[y-_nte tXPkx BhnÀ`mhx
GXXv ]qÀh
XmcIw D¯cw Xza-\k - vIw,
Xmeq-aq-temÀ[z-_mtK
alm-tPym-XnÀ hnZy-tX. X±Ài\m
ZWn-amZn kn²nx
 602

I et£y ´À _mlymbmw ZrjvtSm Im-´ÀK-X-amb aWvU-e-¯nsâ a[y-¯n A©p-ap-J-ap-

\nta-tjmt·
j hÀPn-Xmbmw N Cbw imw`ho ap{Zm
`h-Xn. kÀh-Xþ
t{´jp tKm]ym alm-hnZym `h-Xn.
XXv Úmt\\ kw
kmc \nhr-¯n. XXv]q-P\w tam£ ^e-Zw.
A´À e£yw Pe-tPymXnx kzcq]w `h-Xn.
alÀjn thZyw
A´À _mly-an-{µn-ssb-c-Zr-iyw.
]qÀthm-¯c hn`m-K§ - -fm Cu tbmKw c­p hn[-
¯n-ep-­v. ]qÀh-hn-`mKw Xmc-I-{_-Òhpw D¯-ch - n-`mKw
Aa-\-kvI-hp-am-Ip-¶p. XmcI {_Òw c­p-hn-[-¯n-ep-­v.
aqÀ¯n Xmc-Ihpw AaqÀ¯n Xmc-I-hpw. C{µn-b-§sf
am{Xw kw_-Ôn- ¨Xv aqÀ¯n Xmc- Iw. c­p ]pcnI§Ä¡pw
at²y-bp-ÅXv AaqÀ¯n-Xm-c-Iw. CXp c­n-s\bpw a\km
A`y-kn-t¡-­-Xp-­v. ImcWw at\m-bp-àa - mb A´À
ZrjvSn-bmWv Xmc-I-{_-Òs¯ ImWp-¶-Xn\v kaÀ°-am- ¡p-
¶-Xv. AsX-¯p-SÀ¶v c­p ]pcn-I-§-fp-sSbpw at[y-bpÅ
Zzmc-¯n \n¶v tXP-Ênsâ BhnÀ`m-h-ap-­m-Ip-¶p. CXv
]qÀh hn`m-K-cq-]-amb Xmc-I-amWv; D¯-ch - n-`mKw at\m-c-
ln-X-am-Ip-¶p. Xmep-hnsâ Nph-«nse apIÄ `mK¯v alm-
tPym-Xn-Êp-­v. AXv ZÀin-¡m³ Ign-ªm AWn-am-Zn-kn-
²n-IÄ e`n-¡p-¶p. e£y-¯nsâ AI¯pw ]pd¯pw
ZrjvSn \nÀ¶n-ta-jhpw Ønc-hp-am-Ip-t¼mÄ imw`-ho-ap{Z
kw`-hn-¡p-¶p. CXv Hcp Xm{´n-I-amb alm-hn-Zy-bm-Wv.
AXv Adn- bm³ Ign-ªm {]m]-©n-IX AIepw AXnsâ
]qP\w tam£-Zm-b-Ia - m-Wv. A´À e£y-amb Pes¯
t¸mse AXv tPymXn kzcq-]a - m-Wv. alÀjn-amÀt¡ AXv
I­-dn-bm³ km[n-¡q. _mlyhpw B´-cn-Ih - p-amb C{µn-
b-§Ä¡v AXv hnj-b-a-Ã.
4. kl-{kmtc Pe-tPym-Xn-c-´Àe£yw _p²n-K p-
lmbmw kÀhmw-K-kp-µcw ]pcp-j-cq-]a - -´Àe-£y-an-
Xy-]-tc. ioÀjm-´ÀK-X-a-WvUe - -a-[yKw ]©-h-{à-
hp-am-kl
- mbw \oe-IWvTw {]im-´-a-´Àe-£y-anXn
tINn-Xv. AwKp-jvT -am{Xx ]pcp-tjm-´À e£y-an-
tXy-tI. Dà hnIev]w kÀh-am-ssß-h. Xãyw
ip²m-ßZ- rjvSym hm bx ]iyXn k Gh {_Ò-
\njvt Tm `h-X n. Pohw ]©-hnw-i Ix kzI-ev] nX
NXpÀhnw-iXn XXzw ]cn-Xy-Py-j-Uh v nwix ]c-amßm
lanXn \nÝ- b m- Ö o- h - · ptàm _h- X n. Gh
a´À e£y ZÀit\ Poh³ap-àn-Z-im-bmw-kz-b-a- XZ- ` ym- k m- · \x ss Øcyw. XtXm hmbp
´Àft£ym `qXzm ]c-am-Im-im-J-WvU -a-WvUtem ssØcyw. X¨n-Óm\n BZu Xmc-Ih
`h-Xn. XtXm h{P- Z À¸- W w. XXx ]cn- ] qÀ® N{µ- a -
kl-{km-c-Z-f-¯n Pe-sa¶ t]mse tPymXnÊv WvUew XtXm cXv\-{]-`m-a-WvUe
A´Àe-£y-am-W.v _p²n-bm-Ip¶ Kpl-bn kÀhmw-K-kp- Óm-Imi aWvUe
µ-c-\mb ]pcp-jsâ kzcq]w A´À e£y-am-Ip-¶p. akvX- {IamXv Zriy-tX.
K
Å-h\pw ]mÀhXo kln-X-\p-amb i¦-c³ AXn-im-´-amb
A´À e£y-am-Ip¶p F¶v ]ecpw Icp-Xp-¶p. tIhew
s]cp-hn-c-temfw t]m¶ ]pcpj³ A´Àe-£y-amWv F¶v
NneÀ Nn´n-¡p-¶p. Cu tZZ-§-sfÃmw Hmtcm Iev]-\-I-
fm-Wv. GXp-cq-]-¯n-em-bmepw ip²-amb ]c-{_-Òs¯
ImWp-¶- h-\mWv {_Ò-\n-jvT³. Poh³ Ccp-]-¯-©m-as¯
XXz-am-Wv. Iev]n-X-§-fmb Ccp- ]-¯n- \mep XXz-§fpw hni-
I-e\w sNbvXv ""Rm³ Ccp-]¯n Bdm-a-t¯-Xmb ]c-am-
ßm-hm-Ip¶p'' F¶ `mh\ ]qÀ®-ambn `hn-¡p-¶-h³ Poh-
·p-à-\m-bn-¯o-cpw. C§s\ A´À e£y-¯nsâ ZÀi-
I³ Poh-·p-à-\m-Ip-¶p. Ah³ kzbw A´Àe-£y-ambn
Xo˦v ]c-am-Imi cq]-amb AJ-WvU-aW - vUew kzcq-]-
ambn `hn-¡p-¶p.
H¶mw {_ÒWw Ign-ªp.
ZzXob {_mÒWw
AY l bmÚ hev I y BZn- X y- a - W v U e
]pcpjw ]{]Ñ:þ ""`Kh¶´À e£ym-ZnIw _lp-
t[màw abm-X-¶-ÚmXx XZv {_qln alyw. XZq-
tlm-hm-N. ]©`qX ImcWw XSn-XvIp-Sm`w XZz-¨Xp
]oT-Øw. X·t²y XXz-{]-Imtim `h-Xn. tkmXn
iqtVm hyàÝx
XÚm\ ]vf_m-[n-cq-t]W tÚbw. XZv_m-
lym- `y-´ c e£yw. X·t²y PK- Ã o\w X¶m-Z -
_nµp Iem-Xo-X-a-JW
- vU-ew. XXvk-Kp-W-\nÀKpW
kzcq-]w. XtZz¯m hnapà:
BZm-a-á n-a-Wv U ew XZp-]cn kqcy-a -W vUew
X·t[y kp[m N{µ-a-WvU-ew. X·t²y AJ-WvU-
{_-Òt- X-tPm-a-WvUe- w. XZv hnZyp-tÃ-Jm-hXv ip¢-
Zm-kz-cw. X-tZh imw`hn e£-Ww.
XZv Z Ài- t \- {X-t bm- Z r-j vS bx Aam {]Xn- ] Xv
]qÀ®nam tNXn. \nao-en-XZ- Ài-\-am-ZrjvSnx AÀt²m-
·o-enXm {]Xn-]X - v. kÀthm-ßo-e\w ]qÀ®nam `h-
Xn. Xmkp ]qÀ®n-am-`ymkx IÀ¯hyx Xãyw
\mkm{Kw XZm Xmep aqte KmV-Xtam ZriytX
X `- ` y m- k m- Z - J - W vU - a - W vU - e m- I m- c - t P y m - X nÀ
ZriytX XtZh k¨n-Zm-\µw {_Ò-`-h-Xn.
Ghw kl-Pm-\tµ bZm at\m-e o-btX XZm
imw`ho `h-Xn. Xtah tJN-co-am-lp.
- Xv Zriy-tX.
- w. XtXm a[ym-
- w. XtXm hÓn inJm-a-WvUew

N P
 603
I ]ns¶ bÚ-he - vIy³ kqcy-a-WvUe- -¯n Xma-kn-
¡p¶ ]pcp-j-t\mSv tNmZn¨p:þ ""`K-hm-s\, A´Àe£yw
XpS-§n-bh A§v At\I {]Im-c-¯n ]d-ªp. F\n-
¡Xp a\-Ên-em-bn-Ã. AXv A§v Ipsd¡qSn hni-Z-ambn
]dªp X¶m-epw.'' At¸mÄ \mcm-bW³ ]dªp:-þ ]©-
`q-X§
- -fpsS ImcWw an¶Â¡q«w t]mse-bm-W.v AXnÂ
Hcp NXpx-] o-T-ap-­ v. AXnsâ a[y-¯n XXz-¯nsâ
{]Imiw `hn-¡p-¶p. AXv AXn-Kq-Vhpw Akv]j - vS-hp-am-
Wv. Úm\-am-Ip¶ \uI-bn Ib-dn-b-ht\ AXv a\-Ên-
em-¡m³ Ign-bq. AXp Xs¶ ]pd-s¯bpw AI-s¯bpw
e£yw. B XXz-¯n temIw ebn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. AXv \mZ-
_nµp Ie-bpsS A¸p-d¯v AJWvU aWvU-e-am-Wv. AXv
kKpW \nÀKpW kzcq-]-am-Ip-¶p. AXv Adn-ª mÂ
apàn t\Smw. BZys¯ Aán aWvU-ea - m-Wv. AXnsâ
apI-fn kqcy-a-WvU-ew. AXnsâ a[y-¯n AJWvU
{_Ò-am-Ip¶ tXtPm-aW - vUew `hn-¡p-¶p. AXv an¶Â
]nWÀt]mse shfp-¯ Xpw {]Im- i -a m- \ -h p- a m-I p- ¶ p.
AXmWv imw`-ho-ap-{Z-bpsS e£-Ww. AXv ZÀin-¡m³ Ign-
ªm aq¶p aqÀ¯n-cq]w ZrjvSn-bn s]Spw. H¶v Aam-
hkym cq]w atäXv {]Xn-]-Zm-cq]w atäXv ]qÀ®nam cq]w.
\nao-enX ZrjvSn Aam-hmkym cq]-am-Ip-¶p. AÀ²-\n-ao-
enXw {]Xn-]Zm cq]w; Xpd¶ I®n-sâXv ]uÀ®-amko
cq]w. ZrjvSn-I-fn \n¶v ]qÀ®nam cq]-amb ZrjvSn-A-`y-
kn-¡-Ww. AXnsâ e£yw \mkm-{K-am-Ip-¶p. Xmep-aq-e-
¯n \n¶v KmV-amb AÔ-Imcw ImW-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ
AXnsâ A`ym-k- ¯m AJ-W vU-a-WvU -em-Im-c -amb
tPymXn-Ênsâ ZÀi\w e`n-¡p-¶p. AXp Xs¶ k¨n-Zm-
\µ {_Òw. CXp-t]m-epÅ kl-Pm-\m-µ-¯n a\Êv eo\-
am-Ip-t¼mÄ Pohn-IÄ¡v im´n e`n-¡p-¶p. AXns\
tJNco ap{Z-sb¶v ]d-bp-¶p. AXnsâ A`ym-k-¯mÂ
a\Êv Dd-b¡ v p-¶p; XpSÀ¶v hmbp Ønc-am-Ip-¶p. AXnsâ
NnÓw C§- s\-bmWv þ BZyw \£-{X-s¯- t¸mse ImWpw.
]ns¶ h{P-¡Ã - p-t]mse Zriy-am-Ipw. I®m-Sn-t]m-sebpw
]qÀ®-N-{µ-s\-t¸m-sebpw \h-cXv\ {]`-t]m-sebpw a²ym
Ó kqcy- Xp-ey-ambpw Aán- Pzmem kZr-iy- ambpw AXv Zriy-
am-Ip-¶p.
2. XZm ]Ýn-am-`n-ap-J{- ]-Imix kv^SnI {[q{a-_nµp
\mZ-Iem \£-{X-I-tZym-X-Zo-]-t\{X kphÀ®-\-h-
c-Xv\mZn {]`m Zriyt´ XtZh {]W-h-cq-]w.
{]mWm-] m-\-t bm-s scIyw IrXzm [rX Ipw`-
tIm-\m-km-{K-ZÀk\ ZrV-`m-h\ - b- m-Zzo-Icmw Kpen`nx
j¬ap-Jo-Ic - -tW\ {]Whm [z\ow \n iay a\-
kvX{X en\w `h-Xn. Xky \ IÀ½-te] cth-cp-Z-
bm-kvX-a-btbmx Ine IÀ½ IÀ¯hyw Ghw hn]-
Ýn- Z m- Z n- X y- t k ym- Z - b m- k v X - a b `mhmXv kÀh
IÀ½`mhx
i_vZ-I m-e -e -tb\ Znhy-c m-{Xyp-XotXm `qXzm
kÀh-] -c n-] qÀ®-Ú m-t\\ D·-\ y-h -Ø m-h - ti\
{_ssÒ Iyw `h-Xn. D·\ym Aa-\kvIw `h-Xn.
N P
Xky \nÝn´m [ym\w kÀh IÀ½ \ncm-I- K
cW amhm-l -\w. \nÝ-b-Ú m-\ -a m-k -\w. D·-\ o-
`mhx ]mZyw kZm a\-kvI-aÀLyw. kZm-Zo]vXn c]m-
cm-arX hr¯nx kv\m\w. kÀh{X `mh-\m-KÔm ZrIv
kzcq-]m-hØ
- m-\-a-£Xmx NnZm]vXnx ]pjv]w. NnZ-
án-kz-cq]x [q]x. NnZm-ZnXy kzcq-]]w Zo]x. ]cn-
]qÀ® N{µm-a r-X ky GIo- I - c Ww ss\th- Z yw.
\nÝ-eXzw {]Z-£n-Ww. tkm l`mthm-\-a-kvImcx
a\w-k vXpXnx kÀh-k-t´m-tjm-hn-kÀP-\ -an-Xn. b
Ghw thZ.
B L«- ¯ n ]Sn- ª mdp `mKs¯ {]Imiw
kv^ SnIw t]mse [q{a-h À®hpw \mZ-I e \£{Xw
JtZymXw Zo]Iw \h-cX - v\§- Ä CtX a«p-ÅXpw Bbn
{]Xy-£-s ¸-Sp-¶ p. AXv {]W-h -¯nsâ kzcq-] -am-Wv.
{]mWm-hm-\§ - sf tbmPn-¸n¨v Ipw`Iw sN¿-Ww. ]ns¶
ZrjvSn aq¡nsâ A{K-¯n tI{µo-I-cn¨v ZrV `mh- \-tbmsS
c­p ssII-fn-sebpw hnc-epIfm j¬apJo ap{Z-Im«n
{]Wh \mZw {ihn-¡p-I. AXn eo\-\m-bm IÀ½-
tem]w D­m-hp-I-bn-Ã. kqtcym-Zb - -¯nepw AkvX-a-\-
¯nepw ZÀi\w \S-¯p-¶h - À¡v aäp IÀ½-§Ä Bh-iy-
an-Ã. i_vZI - m-e-§-fpsS ebw D­m-hp-I-bm a\p-jy³
Zn\-cm-{X-cl
- n-X-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. kI-e-¯n-sâbpw Úm\w
D­m-hp-I-bm Hcp D·-\m-hØ - -bn-se-¯p-¶p. AXnsâ
^e-ambn {_Ò-hp-ambn sFIyw e`n¡p-¶p. D·-\m-hØ
at\m-c-ln-X-amb \ne-bm-Wv. \nÝn-Xm-hØ [ym\-am-Wv.
IÀ½-§sf ssIsh-Sn-bp- I-bmWv AXnsâ Blzm-\w. \nÝ-
b-Ú m-\-amWv Bk\w; at\m-c-ln-X-\m-I pI ]mZyw;
\nXyhpw at\m-c-ln-X-\m-IpI AÀLyw; \nXy-{]-Im-ihpw
A]mc AarX cq]-amb hr¯nbpw kv\m\w; {_Ò kam-
\-amb `mh\ Nµ\w; ZÀi\ kzcq-]¯ - n \ne-sIm-Åp-
¶Xv A£cw; ssNX\y cq]-amb kqcysâ kzcq]w Zo]-
am-Ip-¶p. ]cn-]qÀ® N{µsâ Aar-X-c-k-hp-ambn GIo-`mhw
ss\th-Zy-am- Ip-¶p. \nÝ-e-X-bmWv {]Z- £n-Ww; Rm³ AXp
Xs¶' Cu `mh-\-bmWv \a-kvImcw; au\w Xs¶ kvXpXn;
kÀh-hn-[¯ - n-ep-apÅ kt´mjw hnkÀP\w; CX-dn-bp-
¶-h³ {_Ò-cq-]-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
3. Ghw {Xn]p-Smbw \nc-kvXmbmw \nkvXc - wK kap-
{Z-h -¶ n-h m-X -Ø nX Zo]-hXv Ne-] qÀ®-`m-h m-`mh
hnlo-\ -s sI-hey tPymXnÀ`-h-X n. Pm{K-¶ n-{`m´
]cn- Ú m- t \\ {_ Ò hnZv ` - h - X n. kpj p]v X n
kamt[y at\m-e bm hnti-tj]n al-Z -kvX yp-`-
tbmÀt`Z kvXa-kn-eo-\-Xzm-apàn tlXpXzm `mhm-
¨. kam[u arXn Xtam- h n- I m- c ky XZm- I mcm
ImcnXm JWvUm-Im-cr-Xym-ßI km£o ssNXt\y
{]]-©e - bx k¼-ZytX {]]-©ky a\x Iev]nb
XzmXv. XtXm-t`-Zm-`m-hmXv IZm-NnXv _lnÀ KtX
]n aYymXz `m\m-Xv. kIr-Z zn-`mX kZm-\-µm-\p-`-
sshI tKmNtcm {_Òn-¯-tZh `h-Xn. bky-k-¦-
 604
I e v] - \ mi x
k y m¯ k y ap à n. I tc - Ø n- X m.
XkvamXv `mh-`mhu ]cn-Xy-Py ]c-am-ß-[ym-t\\
aptàm `h-Xn. ]p\x ]p\x kÀhm-hØ - m-kp-Úm-
\-tÚbu [ym\-t[zbu e£ym-et£y Zriym
Zrtiy tNml-t]m-lmZn ]cn-Xy-Py Poh-·ptàm `h-
Xn. k Ghw thZ.
C{]- Imcw Ft¸mÄ ÚmXmhv tÚbw Úm\-cq]w
Cu {Xn]pSn Zqc-¯n-em-Ip-t¼mÄ icocw Xcw-K-c-ln-X-amb
kap-{Z-¯n-s\m¸w hmbp cln-X-amb Øm\-¯p-sh¨ hnf-
¡n-s\m-]¸w AN-ehpw A]qÀ®hpw `mhm-`m-h-c-ln-Xhpw
tIhew tPymXn-cq-]-hp-am-Ip-¶p, Pm{K-¯nepw \n{Z-bnepw
Úm\-¯m {_Ò-th-àm-hm-bn-¯ o-cp-¶p. kpjp-]vXn-
bnepw kam-[n-bnepw a\-Ênsâ ebw kam-\-am-sW-¦nepw
c­n\pw hfsc t`Z-ap-­v. kpjp-]vXn-bn a\Êv AÚm-
\-¯n ebn-¡p-¶-Xn-\m apàn¡v Imc-Wa - m-bn-¯o-cp-
¶n-Ã. F¶m kam-[n-bn Xtam-Kp-W¯ - nsâ hnImcw
\jvS-am-Ip-¶X - n-\m XZm-Im-chpw AJ-WU v m-Im-c-hp-ambn
`hn¨ _p²n-bpsS cq]-amb km£n ssNX-\y-¯n {]]-
©-¯nsâ ebw kw`-hn-¡p-¶ p. F´p-sIm-s­-¶ mÂ
{]]©w a\-Ê n-emWv Iev]n-X-am-Ip-¶-Xv. ]ns¶ Hcp
t`Zhpw _m¡n \n¡p-Ib - n-Ã. Cu Imc-W¯ - m-emWv
At\-I-{]m-hiyw kam-[n-b n \n¶v Pm{K-X-\m-bmepw
{]]©w anYy-bmbn Adn-bp-¶-Xv. Hcp {]mhiyw kZm-\-
µsâ A\p-`-h-ap-­m-bm B ]m{Xw Xs¶ apJy-hn-jb - -
am-bn-¯o-cpw. AtXmsS a\p-jy³ {_Ò-th-¯m-hmbn `hn-
¡pw. k¦-ev]-\miw `hn-¨-h\v apàn Ic-KX - a
- m-Wv. AXn-
\m `mhm `mh-§sf XyPn¨v ]c-am-ßm-hns\ [ym\n-¡p-
I. AXp-Xs¶ apàn-¡pÅ D]mbw. ho­pw ho­pw Hmtcm
Ah-Ø-bnepw Úmb-tÚ-b-§-fp-sSbpw [ym\-t[y-b-§-
fp-sSbpw e£ym-e-£y-§-fp-sSbpw Zriym Zriy-§-fp-sSbpw
Dulm-t]m-lm-Zn-I-fp-sSbpw XymKw km[n-¨m a\p-jy³
Poh-·p-à-\m-Ipw. AX-dn-bp-¶h\v {_Ò-km-£m-Xv¡mcw
e`n-¡pw.
4. ]©m-hØm Pm{KXv kz]v\-kp-jp]vXn kvXpco-
bm- X o- X m. Pm{KXn {]hrt¯m Pohx {]hr¯n
amÀ¤m-kàx ]m]-^-e\ - c
- -Im-Zn-amwkvXp ip`-IÀ½
kzÀK ^e akvXp CXn Imw£-tX.
Ghw k Gh kzoIrX sshcm-KymXv IÀ½
^e P·m ew kwkm-c_ - Ô- \ ae-anXn hnap-àym-
`n-apJ \nhr¯n amÀ¤-{]-hrt¯m `h-Xn.
k Ghw kwkm-c -X m-c - W mb Kpcp-a m-{ inXy
ImamZn Xyàzm hnln-X-IÀam-N-c³ km[-\N - X
- p-jvS-
b-k-¼t¶m lrZ-b-Ia - -e-at[y `K-hXv k¯m-am-{Xm-
´Àe£y cq]-am-kmZy kpjp-]vXy-h-Ømbm apà
{_Òm-\µ kvarXn e_v[zx Gh GtIm-]-a-Zzn-Xobx
Inw©nXv Ime-a-Úm\ hrXym-hn-kvarX Pm{K-Zzmk
\ m\ p - ^ - t e \ s s Z P tk m k vaoX n X Z p - ` b
N P
\nhr¯ym {]mÚ CZm-\ o-a-ß o-X y-c -taI Ghw K
Øm\-t`-Zm-Z-hØm t`Zky ]cw Xp \ln aZ-\y-
ZnXn PmX-hn-thIx ip²m-ssZzX {_Òm-la - nXn `nZm-
KÔw \ncky kzm´Àhn-P rw-`nX `m\p-a -W vU e
[ym\-X-Zm-Im-c-cn-ImX ]c-{_-Ò-Im-cnX apàn-amÀ¤-
am-cqVx ]cn-]tIzm `h-Xn.
k¦-ev] m-ZnIw at\m-_-Ô-tlXp XZzn-bpàw
at\m-tam-£ mb `h-Xn. XZzmw-Ý-£p-c mZn _mly
{]]-t©m-]-ctXm hnKX {]]-©_ - Ôx kÀh-PK - -
Zmß tXz\-] iyw Xzàzmlw Itcm {_Òm-l a
kaoXn Nn´-b-¶nZw kÀhw bZ-bam tXaXn `mh-
b³Ir-XI - rtXym `h-Xn.
PKXn kz]vaw kpjp-]vXn, Xpcobw Xpco-bm-XoXw
F¶n-§s\ A©v Ah-Ø-I-fp-­v. Ch-bn Pm{K-Z-h-Ø-
bn hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-h³ {]hr-¯n-amÀ¤-¯n Bk-à\ - m-
Ip-¶p. ]m]-^e - -amb \c-Km-Zn-IÄ A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p. ip`-
IÀ½ ^e-amb kzÀ¤w F\n¡p In«-Ww. C§s\ CÑn-
¡p¶ hyàn sshcmKyw ssIs¡m-Åp-¶p. IÀ½-^e - -
¯nsâ cq]- ¯n P·-¯nÂ\n¶pw kwkm-c-_-Ô-\-¯nÂ
\n¶pw AbmÄ apà-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. apàn-bn B`n-
apJyw ssIs¡m-Åp-¶p. A§s\ \nhr¯n amÀ¤w B{i-
bn-¡pw. B \ne-bn kwkm-c-tam-N\ - ¯
- n\v Kpcp-hns\
B{i- bn- ¡p-Ibpw Imam-Zn-IÄ XyPn¨v thtZmà IÀ½- §Ä
sNbvXv \mep km[-\§ - -fnÂ\n¶pw apà-\mbn `hn-¡p-
Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. Cu lrZ-bI - -a-e-¯nsâ a[y-¯n GI-
am-{X-\mb `K-hm³ k¯m-cp-]a - mb A´Àe£yw {]m]n-
¡p-Ibpw kpjp-]vXn-c-ln-X-amb {_Òm-\µw kvacn-¨,v Xm³
AZzn-Xo-b-\m-sW¶v IcpXn CSbv¡v Bß-kz-cq]w ad-
¶mepw Pm{K-Zm-h-Ø-bnse hmk\ \nan¯w ""Rm³ tXP-
Êm-Ip¶p'' F¶ `mh\ Ie-cp-¶p. A§s\ Pm{KXv
kz]v\m-h-Ø-I-fn \n¶v AI¶v kpjp-]X v n-bn ""Rm³
{]mÚ-\m-Ip¶p'' F¶v Nn´n-¡p-¶p. AtXm ""Rm³ GI-
\m-Ip¶p'' F¶ A\p-`q-Xnbpw DZn-¡p-¶p. Ah-Øm-\p-t`-
Z-¯m-epÅ hnhn[ `mh-\I - -fmWv; hkvXpX H¶p-Xs - ¶.
C§- s\-bpÅ hnth-I-ap-­m- bm "Rm³ ip²-amb AssZz-
X-{_Òw Xs¶- bmWv' F¶ A\p-`hw D­m-hp-I-bm t`Z-
`m-h-¯nsâ kIe hk-\-Ifpw \in-¡p-¶p. Xsâ DÅnÂ
{]Im-in-¡p¶ tXtPm-aW - vU-e-¯nsâ [ym\-¯m XZm-
Im-c-ambn¯oÀ¶v ]c-{_-Òk - z-cq]w {]m]n¨v apà-a-amÀ¤-
cq-V \pw ]cn-] -I z-\ p-a m-b n-¯ o-cp-¶ p. k¦-e m-] n-Z -I sf
{]m]n¨ a\Êv tam£ Imc-Wh - p-am-Wv. PohnX kzcq-]-
¯n tam£w {]m]n-¡p¶ Bßmhv N£p-cmZn _mly
{]]-©-¯n \n¶v hnK-X-\m-Ip-¶p; Abm-fn {]]©
_Ô-\-an-Ã. PK-¯ ns\ AbmÄ Bßm-h n-s \-t¸mse
ImWp-¶p. Al-¦mcw XyPn¨v ""Rm³ {_Ò-am-Ip¶p'' F¶
Nn´ IeÀ¶v CsXÃmw Bßm-hmWv F¶ `mh-\-tbmsS
IrX-Ir-Xy-\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p.
 605
I 5. kÀh-]-cn-]qÀ® Xpco-bm-Xo-X-{_Òm `qtXm
tbmKo `h-X n. Xw {_tÒXn kvX ph-´ n. kÀh
temI-kvXp-Xn-]m{Xw kÀh-tem-Ik - -©m-c-ioex ]c-
am-ß-K-Kt\ _nµpw \n£y]y ip²m ssZzXm-PmUy
kl-Pm-a-\-kvIt- bm-K-\n{Zm AJ-WvUm-\µ ]Zm-\p-
hrXym Poh-·ptàm `h-Xn.
X¨m-\µ ap{Zm-aámx tbmKn-t\mSx `h-´n. XZ-
t]-£bm C{µm-Zbw kzev]m-\µmx Ghw {]m]vXm
\µx ]c-a-tbmKo `h-Xo-Xyp-]\
- n-j-Xv.
B tbmKn kÀh-hn-[-¯nepw ]cn-]qÀ®-\mbn¯oÀ¶v
Xpco-bm-XoX {_Ò-kz-cq-]-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah³ {_Ò-
am-Ip¶p F¶v Bfp-IÄ Ahs\ {]iw-kn-¡p-¶p. A§s\
AbmÄ {]iwkm ]m{X-am-Ip-¶p. k©m-cn-bmb Ign-bp-¶p.
]c-amßm cq]-amb BIm-i¯ - n _nµp Øm]n¨v ip²m-
ssZzX PU-Xm-cl - n-X\
- mbn kl-P-a-\-cl
- n-Xa
- mb ØnXn-
sb¶p ]d-bm-hp¶ tbmK-\n-{Z-bn AJ-WvUm-\-µ-a-\p-`-
hn¨v Poh-·p-à-\m-Ip-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ tbmKn B\-µ-
k-ap-{Z-a-á-\mWv; C§s\ B\µw A\p-`-hn-¨-h³ ]c-a-
tbm-Kn-bm-Ip-¶p. CXmWv clkyw
c­mw JWvUw Ign-ªp.
XrXob {_mÒWw
bmÚ-he - vtIym-a-lm-ap-\nÀa-Wv Ue ]pcpjw
] {] - O - k zm- a n- ¶ - a \ k vI e - £ - W - a p - à - a - ] n.
hnkva rXw ]p\-kvX -e -£ Ww {_qloXn XtYXn
aWvUe ]pcptjm {_hoXv. CZ-a-a-\k - vI-aXn cl-
kyw. bÚm-t\\ IrXmÀt°m `hXn X¶nXyw
imw`ho ap{Zm ·nXw. ]c-am-ß-ZrjvSym XXv {]Xy-
b-e-£ymWn ZrjvSzm XZ\p kÀth-ia {]ta-b-aPw
inhw ]cm-Imiw \ncm-ew-_a - -Zzbw {_Ò hnjvWp-
cp-{Zm-Zo-\m-taI e£yw kÀh-Im-a-cWw ]cw {_Òm-
ß-t\yh ]iy-amt\m Kplm-hn-l-c-W-t ahw \nÝ-
tb\ ÚmXzm `mhm-`m-hmZn Zzµzm-XoXx kphn-Zn-X-
a-t\m-· -\y-\p-`-h-k vX -Z-\-´ c aJn-te-{µn-b-h-i m-c -a-
\kvI kpJ-{_-Òm-\µ kapt{Z a\x {]hm-lt- bm-
K- c q] \nhm- X - Ø n- X - Z o- ] - h - Z - N ew ]cw {_Ò
{]m]vt\mXn
XXx ipjvI-hr-£-hXv aqÀOm-\n-{Zm-ab \nizm-
tkm-Ñzmkm `mhm-¶jvS Zzµzm kZm N©e Km{Xx
]c-a-im´nw kzoIrXy a\x {]Nmc iq\y ]c-am-
ß\n eo\w `h-Xn.
]bx {kmhm- \ -´ cw t[\p- k vX \ £oc-a n- h -
kÀth-{µnb hÀt¤ ]cn-\jvtS at\m \mix `hXn
XtZ-hm-\-a-kvI w. XZ\p \nXy-ip²x ]c-am-ß m-l-
anXn XXz-akn Xyp ]tZ-ti\ Xzta-hm-la - -l-tah
XzanXn Xmc- I - t bm- K - a mÀt¤W AJ- W v U m- \ µ
]qÀ®x IrXmÀt°m `h-Xn.
N P
]cn-]qÀ® ]c-am-Im-i-am-\-a\mx {]m]vtXm-·\
- y- K
hØx kw\ykvX kÀth-{µnb hÀ¤w At\-I -P-
·mÀPnX ]pWy ]pRvP] - Iz ssIhey ]tem AJ-
WvU m-\µ \nckvX kÀh-t¢i Iiva -tem-{_-Òm-
kvanXn IrX-IrtXym `h-Xn.
Xta-hmlw \ t`tZm kvXn ]qÀWXm Ønc-
am-ß \x
CXyp-¨ -c³ kam-e nwKym injyw Ú]vX na
\o\-b -Xv .
alm-ap-\n-bmb bmÚ-h-evIy³ kqcy aWvU-e-¯nÂ
Xma-kn-¡p¶ ]pcp-j-t\mSv tNmZn¨p:þ ""kzman³, Aa-\-
kvI-Øn-Xn-bpsS e£Ww A§p ]d-ªp. F¶m Rm³
AXv ad-¶p. AXp-s Im­v AXv ho­pw ]d-ª mÂ
sImÅmw.'' hfsc \ÃXv F¶p ]dªv B aWvUe ]pcp-
j³ XpSÀ¶v Cu Aa-\ kvI ØnXn-b psS kzcq]w
F{Xbpw cl-ky- a-b-amWv AXnsâ Úm\-ap-­m-bm a\p-
jy³ IrXmÀ°-a-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. Ah³ Ft¸mgpw imw`-
ho-ap-{Zm-bp-à\- m-Ip-¶p. ]c-amß ZrjvSn-bm AXnsâ
A\p-`hw km[y-am-Ip¶ e£yw I­-Xn-\-ptijw kI-e-
cp-sSbpw Cuiz-c³ {]am-W§ - -fm Adn-bm³ Ign-bm-¯-
h\pw inh\pw ]c-am-Im-i\pw \ncm-{i-b\pw AssZz-Xhpw
{_Ò-hnjvWp cp{ZmZn cq]w IeÀ¶Xpw kI-e-¯n\pw
Imc-W-hp-amb ]c-{_-Òs¯ Xsâ Bßm-hn ImWp¶
]pcp-j³ lrZ-b-am-Ip¶ Kpl-bn At±-l-¯nsâ hnlm-
cs¯ \nÝ-b-]qÀh-ambpw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p. ]ns¶ kIe
C{µn-b-§fpw \in-¡p-¶-Xn\v Aa-\-kvI-Øn-Xn-bpsS kpJ-
cq-]a
- mb {_Òm-\-µ-¯nsâ kap-{Z-¯n Ahsâ a\Êv
HgpIn \o§p¶p; Bh-iy-¯n\v hmbp tNÀ¶ Zo]w
t]mse AN-e-amb ]c-{_-Òs¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. DW-§nb
hr£-s¯-t¸mse aqÀÑ-bpsS \n{Zm-ab ØnXn-bp-sSbpw
Ah-Ø-bn izmtkm-Ñzm-khpw CÃm-Xm-Ip-¶p. AtXmsS
kpJ ZpxJm-Zn-Zz-µz-§-fpsS \mihpw `hn-¡p-¶p. AbmÄ
Ønc Km{X-\mbn `hn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. C§s\ ]c-a-
im´n ssIs¡m­v a\Êv {]Nmc iq\y-am-Ip¶p; ]c-am-
ßm-hn eo\-\m-Ip-¶p. ]mev hän-bm-epÅ ]ip-hnsâ ape-
I-fpsS Ah-Ø þ C{µn-b-§-fpsS {]hÀ¯-\c - -ln-X-amb
Hcp AhØ þ A\p-`-hs - ¸-Sp-¶p. AXp-X-s¶-bmWv Aa-
\-kvIsâ ØnXn. AXn-\p-tijw ""\nXy-ip-²-amb ]c-am-
ßmhv Rm³ Xs¶-bmWv'' C§s\ "XXz-akn' F¶ hmIy-
¯nsâ D]-tZiw {]m]vX-ambn "\o Xs¶- bmWv Rm³; Rm³
Xs¶-bmWv \o' C§s\ XmcI {_Ò- cq- ]- amb tbmK-amÀ¤w
Ah-ew-_n¨p hyàn IrXmÀ°-\m-Ip-¶p.
bmsXm-cp-hsâ a\Êv ]cn-]qÀ® ]cm-Im-i-¯n aá-
ambn Xocp-¶p. Ah³ D·-\m-hØ {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Ahsâ
C{µn-b-§-sfÃmw hnap-à-am-Ip-¶p. At\I P·-§-fnÂ
{]m]n-¡m³ Ignª ]pWy kaq-l-¯m Ahsâ ssIh-
ey-cq-]a
- mb ^ew ]Iz-am-Ip-¶p. AJ-WvU-amb B\µw
 606
I A\p-`-hn-¡m³ Ign-bp-¶-Xn-\m kI-e-t¢i cq]-amb
]m]hpw Zqc-¯n-em-Ip-¶p. ]ns¶ "Rm³ {_Ò-am-Ip¶p'
F¶ `mh-¯m Ah³ IrX-Ir-Xy-\m-Ip-¶p. "]c-am-ßmhv'
]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶p. AXn-\m \o Xs¶-bmWv Rm³ C§s\
D¨-cn¨v Kpcp injys\ kµÀin¨v Cu Úmt\m-]t- Ziw
\nÀh-ln- ¨p.
aq¶mw {_mÒWw Ign-ªp.
NXpÀ° {_mÒWw
1. AY l bmÚ-he - vtIym-a-WvUe ]pcpjw ]{]Ñ
thyma ]©-I-e-£Ww hnkvXt- c-Wm-\p-{_q-lo-Xn.
ktlm-hm-Nm-I miw alm-Imiw kqcym-I miw ]c-
am-Im-i-anXn ]©-`h - ´- n. k_m-lym-`y-´-ca
- -ÔI
- m-
c-a-b-am-Im-iw. k`ym-´tc Imem-\-e-k-Zriw ]cm-
Imiw k _mlym-`ym-´tc. A]-cn-an-X-Zyp-Xn-\n`w
X¯zw alm-Im-iw. k_m-lym-`ym-´ tc kqcy-\n-
`m-kq-cy-Im-iw. A\nÀh-N-\ob tPymXn. kÀh-hym-
]Iw \nc-Xn-ib - m-\µ e£Ww ]c-am-Imiw Gh-a-
´À e£ym-ZÀi-\m-¯ -{Zq-t]m-`-h -Xn.
\ h N{Iw jUm [mcw {Xne£yw
thyma ]©Iw
kay-tK-X¶m Pm\m Xn k tbmKo
\matXm `th-Xv.
]n¶oSv bmÚ-h-evIy³ kqcy-a-WvU-e-¯nÂ, hkn-
¡p¶ ]pcp-j-t\mSv tNmZn¨p:þ ""A©v BIm-i¯ - nsâ
e£Ww A§v hnkvX-cn¨p ]d-bWw'' At¸mÄ At±lw
]dªp:þ ""BIm-iw, ]c-am-Im-iw, alm-Im-iw, kqcym-Im-
iw, ]c-am-Im-iw, Ch-bmWv A©v BIm-i-§Ä. DÅnepw
]pd¯pw {]f-bm-Im-e-¯nse Aán-bvs¡m-¯-XmWv ]mcm-
Imiw; AI¯pw ]pd¯pw A]-cn-an- X-amb Im´n-t]m-epÅ
XXz-amÀ¶-XmWv alm-Imiw; DÅnepw ]pd¯pw kqcys\
t]mse AhÀ®-\o-b-am-b-amWv kqcym-Im-iw, \nc-Xn-i-b-
amb B\-µ-kz-cq-]-amWv ]c-am-Im-iw, GtXXp cq]-¯nepw
`mh-¯nepw ZÀin-¡p-hm-\m-{K-ln-¡p-¶pthm AtX-`m-h-
¯nepw cq]-¯nepw Hmtcm¶v ImWm³ Ignbpw; \h-N-
{Iw, jUm-[m-cw, aq¶p-e£
- y-§Ä, A©m-Imiw Ch icn-
¡-dn-bm¯ tbmKn tbmKn-sb¶p ]d-bm³ AÀl-\-Ã.
A©mw {_mÒWw Ign-ªp.
]©a {_mÒWw
1. khn-jbw at\m _Ômb \nÀhn-jbw apàtb
`h-Xn. AXn kÀhw Nn¯-tKm-Nc - w. XtZh Nn¯w
\ncm-{ibw at\m-·-\y-hØm ]cn-]I- z-eb tbmKyw
`h-Xn. XÃbw ]cn-]qÀt®-abn ka`y tkXv. at\m-
e-b-Im-cW alm-ta-h.
N P
K
A \ m- l - X - k y - i - _ vZ k y X k z i _ vZ k y
tbm[z\nx [zt\ c´ÀKXw tPymXn tPymXn-c´ - À
KXw a\x ba³ \kv{Xn-P -K Xv krjvS n ØnXn
hyk\ IÀ½ IrXv . X·t\m hnebw bmXn
XZznjvtWm ]cam ]Zw. XÃ-bmXv ip²m-s sZzX
kn²nÀ t`Zm-`m-h m-X v. GX-tZh ]c-a -X -¯ zw. k
XtÚm _mtem-·¯ ]nim-N-hZv PU hr¯ym
temI-am-Nt- c-Xv, Gh-a-a-\-kvIm-`ym-tk-ss\h \nXy
Xr]vX n- c ev] ap{X ]pco-j -a nX t`mP-\ - Z r-V mwK
PmUy-\n-{Zm-Zr-Kvhmbp Ne\m `mh {_Ò ZÀi\m
ÚmX-kpJ kzcq] kn²nÀ `h-Xn.
Ghw Nnc kam-[n-P\ - nX {_Òm-arX ]m\ ]cm-
btWm ku k\ymko ]c-a -lwk Ah-[ qtXm
`h-Xn. X±Ài-t\\ kIew PKXv ]hn{Xw `h-Xn.
XXv tkhm- ] tcm AtÚm]n aptàm `h- X n.
XXvI p-e-ta-tIm-¯c
- -iXw Xmc-b-Xn. X·m-Xr-]n-Xr-
Pmbm ]XyhÀ¤w N apàw `h-Xo-Xyp-]\ - n-j-Xv.
hnj-bm-k-à-amb a\Êv _Ô-\-¯n-\n-cb - m-Ip-¶p.
hnj-b-hn-ap-à-amb a\Êv apàn-¡n-W-§p-¶p. AXn-\mÂ
kakvX PK¯pw Nn¯-¯nsâ hnj-b-am-Ip-¶p. AtX
Nn¯w Xs¶ \ncm-{i-b-¯n\v tbmKy-am-Ipw. Cu eb-
¯nsâ ]cn-] qÀ®-amb "F¶nÂ' A`ymkw sN¿p-I.
ImcWw a\Êv eb-¯nsâ Imc-Wa - m-Wv. A\-l-Z-i-_vZ-
¯n-sâbpw i_vZ-¯n-\p-Ån [z\n-bp-­v, AXnsâ DÅnÂ
tPymXnÊv hkn-¡p-¶p. tPymXn-Ênsâ DÅn a\Êv; Cu
a\Êv aq¶p PK-¯p-¡-fp-sSbpw Dev]¯ - n-ØnXn kwlmc
cq]-amb IÀ½w sN¿p¶ Cu a\Êv bmsXm-¶n hnebw
sImÅp-¶p. AXp-Xs¶ hnjvWp-hnsâ ]c-a-]-Zw. AXnÂ
a\Êv ebn-¡p-¶-tXmsS ip² AssZz-X-kn²n kw`-hn-¡p-
¶p. Imc-Ww, AXnsâ ]n¶n bmsXmcp t`Z-`m-hhpw
CÃ. AXp-X s¶ ]c- a -X -X zw. AX-d n-b p¶ ]pcp-j ³
_met\m D·-¯t\m ]nim- Nns\ t]mse PU- hr- ¯n-tbmsS
temI-¯n {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p. C§-s\-bpÅ A\y-a-\-kvX-
Øn-Xn-bpsS A`ym-k-¯m \nXyhpw Xr]vXn e`n-¡p-¶p.
Blmcw hfsc Ipd-¨p-am{Xw aXn-sb¶ \ne-hc - p-¶p.
F¶mepw icocw _en-jvT-am-Ip-¶p. PUX D­m-hn-Ã.
\n{Ztbm I®-S-btem D­m-hn-Ã. {_Ò ZÀi-\¯ - n-\mbn
kpJ-ab - -kz-cq] kn²n-bpsS Úm\-ap-­m-Ip-¶p. C§s\
Gsd kabw kam[n A`y-kn-¡p¶Xn\m Dev]¶ - -amb
{_Ò-cq-]-amb AarXw ]m\w sN¿p-I-bm k\ym-kn-bmb
]c-a-lw-k³ Ah-[q-X-\m-Ip-¶p. Abm-fpsS ZÀi-\¯ - mÂ
kakvX PK¯pw ]cn-ip-²-am-Ip-¶p. Abmsf tkhn-¡m³
Xev]c - -\mb AÚm-\nbpw apà-\m-Ipw. AbmÄ Xsâ
Ipe-¯ nse \qän-sbm¶v Xe-ap-ds- bbpw ip²-am-¡p-¶p.
Abm-fpsS amXm-]n-Xm-¡-·mcpw kv{Xok-´m-\-§fpw apà-
cm-Ip-¶p. C§s\ D]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
aWvUe {_mÒW D]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
 607

I K
1 a{´n-tIm-]-\n-j¯v 3

im´n-]mTw 5. Kuc-\m-Zy-´-h-Xokm
Hmw ]q˨-aZx ]q˨-anZw ]q˨mXv ]q˨- P\n{Xo `qX-`m-hn\o
ap-Z-NytX ]qÀ®ky ]qÀ®-am-Zmb ]qÀ®-ta-hm-h- knXm-knXm N càm N
in-jytX Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx kÀh-Ima ZpLm hnt`m
B ]c-{_Òw kÀh-hn-[-¯nepw ]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶p. Cu A[ymkw sIm­mWv amb Adn-b - s ¸-S p-¶ Xpw
hniz-{]-]©w ]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶p. ]qÀ®-amb AXn \n¶p- hnkvXmcw {]m]n-¡p-¶Xpw t{]cn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xpw. Cu lwkw
amWv Cu ]qÀ®w A`n-hy-à-am-bn-«p-Å-Xv. ]qÀ®-¯n Xs¶ ]pcp-jmÀ°w P\n-¸n-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m {]]©w
\n¶v ]qÀ®-sa- Sp-¯mepw ]qÀ®w Xs¶ Ah-ti-jn-¡p- ¶p. A[n-jvTn-X-hp-am- W.v amb ]c- am- ßm-hn\v Ima-t[- \p- hn\v Xpey-
Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx am-W.v AXv BZy-´- c-ln-Xhpw kÀh-am-Xmhpw kÀh-t]m-j-
1. AjvS-]mZw ipNnw lwkw I- hp-am-Wv. AXv Npa-¸v, shfp- ¸,v Idp- ¸v, F¶o hÀ®- §-tfmSp
IqSn-bXpw FÃm A`n-ãhpw sImSp-¡p-¶-Xp-am-W.v
{Xnkq-{X-aWp ahybw
{XnhÀßm\w tXPtkm f lw 6. ]n_-t´y-\m-a-hn-j-bmþ
kÀhXx ]iy-¶-]-iyXn ahn-ÚmXmw Ipam-c Imx
GIkvXp ]n_tX tZh
F«p ]mZw tNÀ¶Xpw ipNnbpw DPz-e-kz-cq-]nbpw {Xn-
kq-{X-k-lnXhpw kpkq-£vahpw Ahn-\m-inbpw Bbn«p- kzÑtµ f {X him-\pKx
ÅXv Rm³ Xs¶- bm-Ip-¶p. tXtPm-cq-]n-bpw kp{]-Im-in-X- Úm\-an-Ãm¯ Poh³ Cu ]ip-hns\ Id-¡p-¶p.
hp-amb B Bßm-hns\ kÀh{X ImWp-¶p-s­-¦nepw Fs´- ¶m AXv hnj-bhpw Ahn-Úm-X-hp-am-W.v temI-
ImWp-¶ n-Ã. ¯n Htc Hcp ]c-am-ßmhp am{X- amWv kI-eXpw X\n-¡-
2. `qX-k-t½m-lt\ Imte [o-\-am¡n kzѵw Cu ambsb ]m\w sN¿p-¶-Xv.
`nt¶ Xakn sshJtc 7. [ym\-{In-bm`ymw `K-hm³
A´x ]iy´n kXzØm `p¦vXtX f ku {]k-l-Zzn`px
\nÀKpWw KpW-K-lztc kÀh-km-[m-cWow t`m{àow
\nÀKp-W-am-sW-¦nepw KpW-am-Ip¶ Kpl-bn {]Xn- ]ob-am\m Xp bPz`nx
jvTn-X-am-b-Xn-\m Pohn-Isf tamln-¸n-¡p¶ Icm-f-tam-lm- FÃmhÀ¡p-ambn Id¡p- ¶- hfpw bmÚn-I-cm Zm\w
Ô- Imcw \ã-am-Ip-t¼mÄ kXz-Kp-W- Øn-X-cmb hyàn-IÄ sN¿-s¸-Sp-¶-hf - p-amb Cu tKmhns\ `K-hm³ [ym\-{In-bm-
AXns\ A´xIc-W¯n ZÀin-¡p-¶p. Zn-I-fm A\p-`h
- n-¡p-¶p.
3. AiIyx tkm\y-Ym-{Zãp 8. ]iy-´ykymw alm-ßm\x
[ymb-am\x Ipam-c ssI kphÀ®w ]n¸-em-i\w
hnIm-c -P-\ -\o-a- Úmþ DZm-ko\w {[phw lwkw
aã-cq-]m-aPmw {[phmw kv\mX-Im-[z-c ythm PKpx
hn`n-¶-cq-]-¯n [ym\n-¨m AÚm-\n-IÄ¡v AXv alm-·mÀ kphÀ® \nd-apÅ ]n¸-e-^ew `£n-¡p-
ImWm³ Ignbp-Ib - n-Ã. B ØnXn-bn hnIm-c-P-\-\nbpw Ibpw DZm- ko- \hpw Ahn-\m-in-bp-amb lwks¯ amb-bnÂ
AÚbpw AN-©-e-bp-amb amb-sb-bmWv AhÀ [ym\n- ImWp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. AXn-s\-¯-s¶-bmWv kv\mX-I-
¡p-¶-Xv. ·mcpw A[z-cyp-¡fpw Km\w sN¿p-¶-Xv.
4. [ymbtX f [ymknXm tX\ 9. iwk-´-a-\p-jw-k´n
X\ytX t{]cytX ]p\x _lzrNmx imkv{X tImhnZmx
kqbtX ]pcp-jmÀ°w N cY-´cw _rlXv kma
tXss\ hm[n-jvTn-Xw-P-KXv k]vX sshss[kvXp KobtX
N P
 608

I imk-{´- tIm-hn-Z-·mcpw EtKz-Zn-Ifpw kvXpXn-sN-¿p-¶- 15. NXpÀhnw-i-Xn-kw-JymXw

K
h-cp-sam¯v Cu lwks¯ kvXpXn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\mbn cY- hyà-a-h y-à-tah N
´cw F¶v t]cpÅ kmas¯ Ggp-{]-Im-c-¯n Km\w
sN¿p-¶ p.
AssZzX ssZzX-an-Xymlp
kv{Xn[m Xw ]©Ym XYm
10. at{´m-]-\n-jZw {_Ò
]Zy-{I-a-k-a-\ znXm ]ecpw CXns\ Ccp-]-¯n-\m-em-as¯ kwJy-sb¶pw
]ecpw Ahy-à-sa¶p At\Iw t]À hyà-sa¶p ssZzX-
]w´n `mÀ¤-hm-tlytX
sa¶p ]d-bp- ¶p. AXp- t]mse NneÀ AXns\ {Xnhn-[-sa¶pw
lyYÀhmtWm `rip-¯amx
A`n- {]m-b-s¸-Sp- ¶p.
{_Òw a{´- §-epsS clkyw Xs¶- bmWv AXn-s\- ¯-
s¶-bmWv `mÀ¤-h-tKm-{X-P-\mb D¯-a-·mcpw AYÀth-Zn-
16. {_ÒmZyw Ømh-cm-´wN
Ifpw ]Z-{I-a-t¯mSp IqSn sNmÃp-¶-Xv. ]iy´n Úm\ N£pjx
11. k {_Ò-Nm-cn-hr-¯nÝ Xta-I-tah ]iy´n
kvXwt`m f Y ^en-Xk- vXYm ]cn-ipw`w hn`pw ZznPmx
A\-Uzm³tcm-ln-tXm-Ñ nãx Úm\- Zrãn tNÀ¶ F{Xtbm ]Þn-X-·mÀ {_Òmhp
]iyt´ _lp-hn-kvXcw apXÂ PU-]-ZmÀ°w hsc-bpÅ FÃm {]]-©-s¯bpw
AXn-a-lm-\mb Hcp {]`p-hnsâ cq]-¯n ImWp-¶p.
]c-am- ßmhv {_Ò-N- cy-hr-¯n-tbmSp IqSn-bXpw kvXw`w-
t]mse ZrVhpw ^e-bp-àhpw Bbn-kw-km-c-i-ISw \nb- 17. bkvan³ kÀh-anZw t{]mXw
{´n¨v Npa¶ \ndhpw aäp-ÅXpw XyPn-¨-tijw hnim-e-cq-]- {_Ò Ømhc PwKaw
¯n ImW-s¸-Sp-¶p.
Xkvan-t¶h ebw bm{´n {k-h´yx
12. Imex {]mWÝ `K-hm³
kmKtc bYm
arXbp iÀthm atl-izcx
Ømhc-Pw-K-am-ß-Ia- mb Cu {]]©w GXn-emtWm
Dt{Km `hÝ cp{ZÝ
tImÀ¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶Xv AXp Xs¶bmWv {_Òw. \Zn-IÄ
kkpcmx kmkpcm kvXYm
kap-{Z-¯n hnebw {]m]n-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse kÀhhpw Cu
Ime³, {]mW³, arXyp, iÀh³, atl-iz-c³ D{K³ {_Ò-¯n hnebw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
`h³ cp{Z³ F¶n-h-tcmSpw tZhm-kp-c-·m-tcmSpw tNÀ¶-
XmWv Cu ]c-am-ßm-h.v 18. bkvan³ `mhm {]eo-bt´
eo\m-Ým-hy-àXmw bbpx
13. {]Pm-]-XnÀ hncmZv ssNh
]iy´n hyàXmw `qtbm
]pcpjx kene tah N
kvXpbtX a{´-kw-kvX pssXy Pbt´ _pZv_pZm Ch
cYÀh-hnZn ssXÀhn`px Ipan-f-IÄ F§s\ Pe-¯n DÛ-hn-¨p. AXnÂ
Xs¶ ebw {]m]n- ¡p-¶p. AXp-t]mse kI- e-]- ZmÀ°§fn
Cu kÀh-hym-]n-bmb ]pcp-j³ Xs¶-bmWv {]Pm-]-
epw GXn P\n¨v GXn-emtWm AZr-iy-am-Ip-¶Xv AXp
Xn-bmb hncmSv cq]-ambpw Pe-cq-]a
- mbpw kvXpXyÀl-\mb
AYÀh thZ-¯nse {]kn² \ma-§-fm kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp- Xs¶-bmWv {_Òw Úm\n-IÄ B {_Òs¯ ImWp-¶p.
¶-Xv. 19. t£{X-Úm-[n-jvTnXw ssN hm
14. Xw jUv hnwiI CtXytX ImcssWx hnZytX ]p\x
k]vXh- nwiw XYm ]tc Ghw k `K-hm³ tZhw
]pcpjw \nÀKpWw kmwJy ]iy-´yt\y ]p\x ]p\x
aYÀh-in-ctkm hnZpx
t£{X-t£-{XÚ cq]-¯ n B {_Òw kÀh-
Ccp-]¯n Bdm-as¯ XXz-sa¶pw Ccp-]¯n Ggm- ¯nepw hkn-¡p-¶p. Imc-W-§-fm-emWv AXv Adn-b-s¸-Sp-
as¯ XXz-sa¶p ]ecpw CXn-s\-¸än ]d-bp-¶p. AYÀh-h- ¶- Xv. C§- s\-bpÅ t£{X- Ú- \mb `K-hms\ Úm\n- IÄ
tZ-¯nse D]-\n-j¯- p-IÄ CXn-s\-¯-s¶-bmWv \nÀKp-W- ho­pw ho­pw ZÀin-¡p-¶p.
kmw-Jy-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶-Xv.

N P
 609
I 20. {_Ò {_tÒ-Xy-Ym-bm´n
tb hnZpÀ {_Òm-kvXYm
Ass{Xh tX ebw bm´n
eo\m-Ým-h y-à -im-en\x
eo\m-Ým-hyà imen\x CXyp-]-\n-jXv
1 alm-\m-cm-b-tWm-]-\n-j¯v 3
im´n]mTw
lcnx Hmw. iw t\man{Xx iw hcpWx
iwt\m`hXpcyam.
iT \ Ct{µm _rlkv] Xnx iw t\m
hnjvW pcpcp{Iax at\m {_ÒtW.
\akvtX hmtbm.
Xztah {]Xy£w {_Òmkn Xzmtah
{]Xy£w {_Ò hZnjman. EXw hZnjyman
kXyw hZnjyman X·mahXp. XZzàmcahXp.
AhXp amw AhXp hàmcw.
Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
(lcn Hmw an{X³ hcpW³ Acyamhv C{µ³ _rl-
kv] Xn Dcp{Ia\mb hnjvW p ChscÃmw \ap¡v awKfw
sN¿s«. {_Ò¯n\v \akvImcw. hmbptZhm, At§bv¡v
\akvImcw. A§pX¶ {]Xy£amb {_Òw. A§sb-
¯s¶ {]Xy£ {_Òw F¶v ]dbp¶p. Rm³ EXw
]dbpw. Rm³ kXyw ]dbpw. hmbpcq]nbmb {_Òw
Fs¶ c£n¡s«. BNmcys\ c£n¡s« Fs¶bpw
BNmcys\bpw c£n¡s«. hnLv\§Ä¡v im´nbp-
­mIs«.)
Hmw kl \mhhXpx kl \u `p\àp
kl hocyw Ichmhssl. tXPkzn\n \m
h[o XakvXp. am hnZznjmhsslx
Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nxþ
(]c{_Òw Kpcpinjy·mcb R§Ä c­pt]scbpw
c£n¡s«. R§Ä Hcpan¨v t]mjWw {]m]n¡s«,
Hcpan¨v IÀ½IpieX t\Ss«. R§fpsS A[yb\w
N P
{_Òs¯ Adn-bp-¶-h-cmb {_mÒ-WÀ {_Òs¯ K
{]m]n- ¡p-¶p. AhÀ AXn hnebw {]m]n¨v Ahyà `mh-
¯n tim`n-¡p¶p F¶v D]-\n-j¯v
a{´n-tIm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
DXvIrjvSamIs«. R§Ä ]ckv]cw hntZzjw ]peÀ¯m-
Xncn¡s«.)
1. Aw`ky]mtc `ph\ky at[y
\mIky ]rjvtT altX alobm³
ipt{IW tPymXowjn ka\p{]hnjvSx
{]Pm]XnÝcXn KÀt` A´x
(A ]m ca mb A w` Ê nep w `p h \ a[ y ¯ ne p w
k z À¤¯ ns â ]r j v T¯ ne p w h y m] cn¨ ncn¡ p ¶
al¯nepw al¯mb {]Pm]Xn ip{I¯m (_oPcq]w)
tPymXnÊpIfn A\p{]hnjvS\mbn KÀ`¯n\pÅnÂ
{]hÀ¯n¡p¶p.PohnIfpsS P·mZn]cnWma¯n\p
ImcWw ]c{_Òw Xs¶)
2. bkva n¶nZw kw N hnssNXn kÀÆw
bkva n³ tZhm A[n hntiz \ntjZpx
XtZh {`pXw XZp `hyam
CZw XZ£tc ]cta thyma³.
(CsXÃmw bmsXm¶n tNcpIbpw hnebn¡pIbpw
sN¿p¶p. FÃm 2 tZh·mcpw bmsXm¶n sFizcy
t¯msS ]pecp¶p. AXpXs¶ IgnªXpw hcm³
t]mIp¶Xpw FÃm CXv A\izcamb ]ca thyma¯nÂ
(BImi¯nÂ) \ne\nev¡p¶p.
3. tb\mhrXw Jw N Znhw alow N
tb\mZnXykvX ]Xn tXPkm {`mPkm N
ba´x kapt{Z Ihtbm hb´n
bZ£tc ]cta {]Pmx
(bmsXm¶psIm­v BImihpw tZymhpw alnbpw
 610
I BhrXamWv bmsXm¶p sIm­v BZnXy³ DjvWw
sIm­pw {]Imiw sIm­pw X]n¡p¶p. bmsXmcphs\
IhnIÄ (Úm\nIÄ lrZb kap{Z¯n km£mXv¡
cn¡p¶p. ]cahpw A\izchpamb bmsXmcp kXy¯nÂ
{]PIÄ ]pecp¶p. AXmWv ]ca{_Òw.
4. bXx {]kqXm PKXx {]kqXn
tXmtb\ Pohm³ hyNkÀÖ `yqaymw
btZmi[o`yx ]pcpjm³ ]ipwÝ
hnthi {`qXm\n NcmNcmWn.
(bmsXm¶n \n¶v Cl¯nsâ {]kqXnbmb {]Ir
Xn D­mbn. Pe¯m `qanbn PohnIsf krjvSn¨p.
bmsXm¶v Huj[nItfmSpIqSn hyànIsfbpw, arK§
sfbpw NcmNc`qX§sfbpw DÄs¡m­p.
5. AXx ]cw \m\yZWobkw lo
]cmXv ]cw b·ltXm alm´w
btZIahyàa\´cq]w
hnizw ]pcmWw Xakx ]ckvXmXv
(bmsXm¶v ]cs¯¡mÄ ]camWv, al¯mbn«p
ÅXn \n¶pw al¯mWv. Ahyàhpw hnhn[cq]hpw
]pcmX\hpw AÔImc¯n\p ]pd¯pÅXpw AXnepw
]cambn _rlt¯m, AWpt¸m Bbn bmsXm¶panÃ
F¶ \nebnepÅXpw BWvþ AXmWv ]c{_Òw.)
6. XtZhÀ¯w XZp kXyaml
kvXtZh {_Ò ]caw Iho\mw
CjvSw ]qÀ¯w _lp[m PmXw Pmbam\w
hnizw _n`À¯n `ph\ky \m`nx
(AXp Xs¶ EXw, AXpXs¶ kXyw, AXpXs¶
Úm\nIfpsS ]c{_Òw. {ipXnkva rXn IÀ½§fpw
AXpXs¶. `h\¯nsâ \m`nbmbn _lphn[¯nÂ
PmXhpw D­mIs¸Sp¶Xpw Cu temIs¯ \nb{´n¡p
¶Xpwþ AXpXs¶. B ]c{_Òw.
7. XtZhmánkvXZvh mbpkvX Xv
kqcykvXZp N{µamx
XtZh ip{IaarXw XZv{_Ò XZm]x
k {]Pm]Xnx
(AXpXs¶ Aán, hmbp, kqcy³, N{µ³, \£
{X§Ä, AarXw AXv lncayKÀ`\mIp¶p. AXv Peam
Ip¶p. Ah³ {]Pm]Xnþ krjvSn IÀ¯mhvþ BIp¶p.)
8. kÀtÆ \ntajm PÚntc
hnZypXx ]pcpjmZ[n
Iem aplqÀ¯mx ImjvTmÝmtlmcm
{XmÝ kÀÆix
N P
9. AÀ²amkm amkm EXhmx kwhÕ K
cÝ Iev]´mw
k A]x {]Zpt[ Dt` Cta A´cn£
atYm kphx
({]Imiam\\mb ]pcpj\n \n¶v FÃm \ntaj
§fpw D­mbn. IeIÄ, aplqÀ¯§Ä, ImjqIÄ,
Atlmcm{X§Ä, AÀ²amk§Ä, EXp¡Ä FÃmw
Iev]n¡s¸«p. Ah³ Pe{][m\§fmb ]©`qX§sf
bpw ]ns¶ kzÀ¤w A´co£w c­ns\bpw Ids¶
Sp¯p.)
10. ss\\aqÀ[zw\ Xncy©w \ at²y ]cnP{K`Xv.
\ Xtkyti IÝ\ Xky \ma alZyix
(Chs\ tatem«v Af¶v a\Ênem¡nbn«nÃ. hne§
s\tbm a²ytbm CÃ. Bcpw Ahsâ Øm\mbn«nÃ.
Ahsâ t]cv t{ijvTamb biÊv F¶mIp¶p.
11. \ kµrti XnjvTXn cq]aky
\ N£jm ]iyXn IÝss\\w
lrZm a\ojm a\km`nIv A]vtXmb
GXw hncqZarXmkvtX `h´n
(Chsâ cq]w ZÀi\hnibaÃ. Hcmfpw Chs\
N£pÊpsIm­v ImWp¶nÃ. a\Êp \nb{´n¡p¶
lrZØnX_p²nbmb Ah³ A`n¢n]vX\mIp¶p. Bcv
CXns\ Adnbp¶p, AhÀ acWclnXcmIp¶p.
1. AZv`yx kw`qXx ]rYnsshy ckm¨
hnizIÀaWx kahÀ¯Xm[n
Xky XzjvSm hnZ[{Zq]taXn
XXv]cpjky hnizamPm\at{K
(\mcmbWkqàw)
(Pe¯n \n¶pw ]rYnhnbpsS ck¯n \n¶p
D­mbn PKZv{kjvSmhn \n¶v CXn\pta kahÀ
¯n¨p. XzjvSmhv Cu hncmSv ]pcpjsâ hnizcq]w
krjvSmcw`¯nep­mbn«pÅXmWv.
2. thZmtaXw ]pcpjw alm´
BZnXyh˨w Xamkm ]ckvXmXv
Xtah hnZnXzmXn arXyptaXn
\m\yx ]Ùm hnZytXb\mb
(\mcmbWkqàw)
(Xakknsâ A¸pdXv BZnXyhÀ®\pw alm\pamb
Cu ]pcpjs\ Rm³ Adnbp¶p. B tZhs\ AdnªmÂ
am{Xta acWs¯ AXn{Ian¡pIbpffq. ]ca]Z{]m]vXn
¡v asämcp amÀ¤hpw CÃ.
 611
I 3. {]Pm]XnÝcXn KÀt` A´x
APmbamt\m _lp[m hnPmbtX
Xky [ocmx ]cnPm\´n tbm\ow
acnNo\mw ]ZanÑ´n th[kx
(\mcmbW kqàw)
{]Pm]Xn Dffn KÀ`¯n (lrZbw) k©cn¡p
¶p. PvRm\nIÄ B th[Ênsâ tbm\nsb (Dev] ¯n)
Adnbp¶p. acoNnIfpsS (tPymXnÊpIÄ) Øm\s¯
CÑn¡p¶p.)
4. tbm tZth`yx BX]Xn tbm tZhm\mw
]ptcmlnXm
]qÀthm tbm tZtht`ym PmXx \tam cpNmb
{_mÒtb
(\mcmbW kqàw)
(bmsXmcm tZh·mÀ¡mbn Npäpw {]Imin¡p¶p,
bmsXmcmÄ tZh³amcpsS ap¶n lnXw sNb¿p¶h
\mWv, bmsXmcmÄ tZh·mÀ¡p an³¼v P\n¨h\mWv B
{]Imiam\\mb {_Ò]p{X\v \akvImcw.
5. cpNw {_mÒw Peb´x
tZhm At{K XZ {_ph³
bkvssXzhw {_mÒtWm hnZymXv
Xky tZhm Ak³ hti
(\mcmbW kqàw)
{_Òkm_Ônbmb {]Imiw P\n¸n¨ hcmb
tZh·mÀ BZyw AXv ]dªp. bmsXmcp {_mÒW³
C{]Imcadnbp¶p, Ah\v tZh·mÀ hiKcmbn¯ocp¶p.
6. {loÝ tX e£vaoÝ ]Xv\yu Atlm
cmt{X]mÀtiz
\£{XmWn cq]w Aizn\u hym¯w CjvSw
a\njmW, Aapwa\njmW, kÀhw a\njmW
(\mcmbW kqàw)
(hnthI _p²nbpw e£v anbpw A§bpsS ]Xv\n
amcmIp¶p; cmhpw ]Iepw ]mÀiz§Ä; \£{X§Ä
CÑn¨Xns\ X¶mepw (a\njmW) B ]caÚm\w
X¶mepw. kÀhÚXzhpw X¶mepw. Ipdn¸v. ASp¯
F«p kqà§Ä KncWyKÀ`kq{X¯nsebmWv.
1. lncWyKÀ`x kahÀ¯Xmt{K
`qXky PmXx]XntcI BkoXv
k Zm[mc ]rYnhow ZymaptXamw
Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a.
(lncWy KÀ`\mb {]Pm]Xn BZyw D­mbn.
PmX\mb Ah³ `qX§fpsS ]Xnbmbn `hn¨p. Ah³
Cu ]rXnhnsbbpw tZymhns\bpw [cn¨p. At±ls¯hn«v
N P
GXp tZh\mWv lhnÊpsIm­v ]qP sN¿pI?) K
2. bx {]mWtXm \nanjtXm alnþ
ssXzI CXv cmPmPKtXm _`qh
b Cui Aky Zzn]ZÝ Xpjv]Zx
Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a.
(lncWy KÀ`\mb {]Pm]Xn BZyw D­mbn. PmX-
\mb Ah³ `qX§fpsS ]Xnbmbn `hn¨p. Ah³ ]rYn-
hnsbbbpw tZymhns\bpw [cn¨p. At±ls¯hn«v GXp
tZh\mWv lhnÊpsIm­v ]qP sN¿pI?)
2. bx {]mWtXm \nanjtXm alnþ
ssXzI CXv cmPm PKtXm _`qh
b Cui Aky Zzn]ZÝ Xpjv]Zx
Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a.
bmsXmcmÄ al¯z¯m {]mW\pffhcpw {]hÀ
¯Icpw AS§nb PK¯nsâGI\mbn¯s¶ cmPm
hmbn. bmsXmcmÄ Zzn]Z§fpw NZpjv]Z§fpaS§nb Cu
PK¯nsâ Cui\mbn, B tZh\ÃmsX aämÀ¡mWv lhn
ÊpsIm­v ]qPsN¿pI.
3. b BßZm _eZm bky hniz
D]mktX {]injw bky tZhmx
bkyOmbmarXw bky arXyp
Ikvs sa tZhmb lhnjw hnt[a
(bmsXmcmÄ PohnZmXmhpw iànZmXmhpw BIp¶p
bmsXmcmsf seIw apgph³ D]mkn¡p¶p tZh·mÀ
bmsXmcphsâ {]injs¯ (BÚm A\pkcn¡p¶p,
bmsXmcphsâ \ng AarXamIp¶p, AXpt]mse
acWhpamIp¶p, B tZh\ÃmsX aämÀ¡mWv, ]qPsN
¿pI?
4. btkyta lnaht´m alnXzm
bky kap{Zm ckbm klmlp
btkyx am {]Zntim bky _mlp
Ikvssa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[ax
(lnahm³ XpS§nb h\§Ä bmsXmcphsâ alna
Im«p¶p, kap{Zw \ZnItfmSpIqSn bmsXmcphsâ almßyw
]dbp¶p. Cu Zn¡pIÄ bmsXmcphsâ ssIIfmWv.
At±ls¯hn«v GXp tZh\mWv lhnÊpsI­v ]qPmhn
[nsN¿pI.
5. bw {Icpko Ahkm XkvX `mt\
Ass`yt£Xmw a\km tcPamt\
b{Xm[nkqc DZncn\ thyXn
Ikvs sa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a
 612
I tim`n¡p¶ c£W¯m Fsd sXfnbp¶ {Iµ
knIÄ ( BImihpw `qanbpw) a\ÊpsIm­v, bmsXmcp
hs\ IavSp bmsXmcnS¯v kqcy³ DZb¯n Npän
\o§p¶p B ]camßmhns\bÃmsX GXp tZhs\bmWv
]qPn¸n¡pI?
6. tb\ Zyucp{Km ]rYnho N ZrtV
tb\ kphx kvX`nXw tb\ \mIx
tbm A´cot£cPtkm hnam\x
Ikvs sa tZhmb lhnjmhnt[ax
(bmsXmcph\m D{Kamb tZymhpw ]rYnhnbpw ZrVam¡-
s¸«p, GsXmcph\m kphw ( kzÀ¤w) Dd¸n¡s¸«p
GsXmcph\m A´co£¯n cmPk\amsc \nÀ½n¨p
B tZhs\bÃmsX atäsXmcmsfbmWv Bcm[n¡pI)
7. Bt]m l b·XoÀhnizambw
Z£w Z[m\w P\b´ocánw
XtXm tZhm\mw \nchÀ¯XmkptcIx
Ikvs sa tZhmb lhntj hnt[a
(bmsXm¶nsâ alXzw Im«p¶ A¸pIÄ (Pew)
Aánsb P\n¸n¡m\m{Kln¨v Z£s¯ [cn¨v hnizmIm
cs¯ {]m]n¨p, ]ns¶ tZh¶macpsS GIamb Akp
(Poh³) \nhÀ¯n¨p. B tZh\ÃmsX BÀ¡mWv lhn
ÊpsIm­v ]qPsN¿pI?
8. bÝnZmt]m aln\m ]cy]iyXv
Z£w Z[m\m P\b´ocánw
tbm tZthjz[n tZh GI BkoXv
Ikvs sa tZhmb lhnjm hnt[a
bmsXmcph³ Aánsb P\n¸n¡mam{Kln¨v Z£
s¯ [cn¨ (alXzamÀ¶) A¸pIsf kz´w alXz¯mÂ
anI¨v GItZh\mbn, B lncwWy KÀ`cq]\mb
tZhs\bÃmsX aämscbmWv lhn¨psIm­v ]qPn¡pI?
12. Gjm ln tZhx {]Zntim \p kÀÆmx
]qÀtÆm ln PmXx k D KÀt` A´x
k hnPmbam\x k P\njyamWx
{]XyMv apJmkvXnjvTXn hniztXmapJx
(Cu tZh³ Xs¶ FÃm {]Zn¡pIfnepw hym]n
¡p¶p. BZyw P\n¨ Ah³ Xs¶ ]e hn[¯n P\n
¡p¶p. P\n¡m³ t]mIp¶p; {]XyMvapJ\mbn ØnXn
sN¿p¶p; Ah³ hniztXm·pJ\mbn ØnXnsN¿p¶p.
Ah³ hniztXm·pJ\mbn \nesImffp¶p.
13. hnizXÝ£pcpX hniztXmaptJm
hniztXmlkvX DX hnizXkv]mXv
kw _mlp`ymw \aXn kw]ss{XÀ
Zymh]rYnho P\b³ tZh GIx
N P
(Zymhm ]rYnhnIsf P\n¸n¡p¶ P\b³ tZh GI
K
hniztXm t\{X\pw hniztXm apJ´ hniztXm lkvX\pw
hniztXm]mZ\pw Bb B tZh³ _mlp¡fmepw ]X{X
§fmepw (NndIv) kwan¡p¶p ( t{]cn¸n¡p¶p)
14. th\kvXXv ]iy³ hnizm `qh\m\n
hnZzm³ b{X hnizw `htXyI\oUw
bkvan¶nZw kwN hn ssNXnx k
HmXx t{]mXÝ hn`px {]Pmkp.
(bmsXm¶n hnizw Hcp \oUw (IqSv) t]mse
`hn¡p¶p, AXv Adnb¶hÀ FÃm `ph\§sfbpw
ZÀin¨v th\³ ({]Imihm³) BIp¶p. bmsXm¶n Cu
temIw H¶n¨p tNcpIbpw thÀ]ncnbpIbpw hne§
s\bpw hym]n¨ncn¡p¶p.
15. {]XtZzmtN AarXw Xp hnZzm³
KÔÀthm \ma \nlnXw Kplmkp
{XoWn ]Zm \nlnXm Kplmkp
bkvX Zv thZ kXpx ]nXm kXv
KplIfn (lrZbw) \nlnXamb AarXs¯ Adn
ªh\mb KÔÀh³ ]dªp, _p²nbn \nlnX§
fmb aq¶p ]Z§sf (Pm{KXv) kz]v\w kpjp]vXn, Bcv
th­t]mse Adnbp¶p. Ah³ khnXmhnsâ (kqcy³)
]nXmhmIp¶p.
16. k t\m _ÔpÀ P\nXm k hn[mXm
[mam\n `ph\m\n hnizm
b{X tZhm AarXam\im\mx
XrXotb [mam \yss`ycb´
(bmsXmcnS¯v aq¶mas¯ temI¯n (ZyptemIw)
AarXw A\p`hn¡p¶hcmb tZh·mÀ. \à Øm\§Ä
{]m]n¨p. B tZh³ \½psS _ÔphmIp¶p. P\I\pw
hn[mXmhpw kIe `ph\§fpw Adnbp¶h\p am¬
(]c{_Òw Xs¶bmWv ChnS kqNn¸n¡s¸«Xv)
17. ]cnZymhm]rYnhob´n kZyx
]cnt]mIm³ ]cn Znix ]cn kphx
EXky X´pw hnXXw hnNrXy
XZhiyXv XZ`hXv {]Pmkp.
(Zymhm ]rYnhnIÄ (`qan, BImiw,) hym]n¡¶
temIs¯ hym]n¡p¶p. kzÀ¤s¯ hym]n¡p¶p. {]PI
fn EXsa¶p ]dbp¶ ]cakXy¯nsâ hnXXamb
X´phns\ (\qÂ) [ym\n¨v AXv ZÀin¨p; AXv AXmbn
¯oÀ¶p.
 613
I 18. ]coXy temIm³ ]coXy`qXm\n
]coXy kÀhm {]Zntim ZniÝ
{]Pm]Xnx {]YaPm EXkymþ
ß\mß\`nkw_`qh
EX¯nsâ (]c{_Òw) {]Ya P\mb {]Pm]nXn
temI§fn hym]n¨v, `qX§fn hym]n¨p, FÃm
Zn¡pIfnepw hnZn¡pIfnepw hym]n¨v, Bßmhp sIm­v
Bßmhns\ t\cn«p c£n¡p¶p.
19. kZkkv]XnaZv`pXw {]nban{µky Imayw
k\nw ta[mabmknjw
(C{µsâ (Bßmhv) {]nb\pw Imay\pw T AÂ`pXkz
cq]\pw ta[sb \ÂIp¶h\pamb kZkv] Xnsb
(AhymIrX{_Òw) {]m]n¡s« F¶v {]mÀ°n¡p¶p.
20. D±o]ykz PmXthtZm ]Lv\ ³ \nÀEXnw aa
]iqwÝ alyamhl Poh\w N Zntim Zi
(Fsâ \nÀEXnsb (]m]w) \in¸n¡p¶h\mbn PmX
thZ (Aán) \mb tZh, D±o]n¨mepw, l\n¡v arK§sf
X¶mepw. ZoÀLmbpÊpw Zn¡pIfpw (Øm\w) XcpI.
21. am t\m lnwkoÚmX thtZm
Kmaizw ]pcpjw PKXv
A_n{ZZá BKln
{inbm am ]cn]mXb
tl, PmXthZ (Aán) R§fpsS tKm¡sfbpw,
Aiz§sfbpw, ]pcpj·mscbpw, PK¯ns\bpw lnwkn
¡cpXv. tl Atá, A_n{`Xv (R§fpsS A]cm[§Ä
a\Ên IcpXmsX) h¶mepw. Fs¶ sFizcyt¯msS
tNÀ¯mepw.
22. ]pcpjky hnZva kl{km£ky almtZhky
[oaln Xt¶m cp{Zx {]tNmZbmXv
(]pcpjs\ R§Ä Adnbs«. AXn\mbn kl{km
£\mb almtZhsâ ( almtZhs\) R§Ä [ym\n¡p
¶p. cp{Z³ AXn R§sf t{]cn¸¡s«.)
23. XXv ]pcpjmb hnZva tl almtZhmb [oaln
Xt¶m cp{Zx {]tNmZbmXv
XXv ]pcpjs\ ]pcpjs\ (]camßmhv) R§Ä
Adnbs«. almtZhs\ R§Ä [ym\n¡p¶p. AXn\v
cp{Z³ R§sf t{]cn¸n¡s«.
24. XXv]pcpjmb hnZvatl
h{IXpWvU mb [oaln
Xt¶m Z´nx {]tamZbmXv
(]camßmhns\ R§Ä Adnbs«. hfª Xp¼n
N P
s¡bpff tZhs\ R§Ä [ym\n¡p¶p. AXn Z´n K
R§Ä¡v {]tNmZ\acpfs«.)
25. XXv ]pcpjmb hnZvatl
N{I XpWvUmb [oaln
Xt¶m Z´nx {]tSmZbmXv
(]ca]pcpjs\ Adnbm³ R§fm{Kln¡p¶p.
N{IXpWvU s\ R§Ä [ym\n¡p¶p. AXn ZµntI
izc³ R§Ä¡v {]tNmZ\acpfs«.(Akpc·mcpambpff
bp²¯n N{Is¯ hmbvsIm­p]nSn¨Xn\m B t]cv
In«n.)
26. XXv ]pcpjmb hnZvatl
almtk\mb [oaln
Xt¶m j×pJx {]tNmZbmXv
R§Ä B ]ca]pcpjs\ Adnbm\m{Kln¡p¶p.
AXn\p R§Ä almtk\s\ [ym\n¡p¶p. j×pJ³
A¡mcy¯n R§Ä¡v {]tNmZ\w \ÂIs«.
27. XXv ]pcpjmb hnZvatl kphÀW
]£mb [oaln
Xt¶m KcpUx {]tNmZbmXv.
(]ca]pcpjs\ Adnbm³ R§Ä B{Kln¡p¶p.
kphÀ® ]£s\ AXn\v [ym\n¡p¶p. AXn\v KcpU³
R§Ä¡v {]tNmZ\acpfs«.
28. thZmß\mb hnZvatl lncWyKÀ`mb
[oaln Xt¶m {_Ò {]tNmZbmXv
thZmßmhmb ]ca]pcpjs\ R§Ä Adnbm\m{K
ln¡p¶p. AXn\v lncWy KÀ`s\ [ym\n¡p¶p.
AXn {_Òw R§Ä¡v {]tNmZ\acpfs«.
29. \mcmbWmb hnZvatl hmkptZhmb [oaln
Xt¶m hnjvWpx {]tNmZbmXv.
(R§Ä \mcmbWs\ Adnbm³ B{Kln¡p¶p.
AXn\v hmkptZhs\ [ym\n¡p¶p. AXn hnjvWp
R§Ä¡v {]tNmZ\acpfs«.
30. h{P\Jmb hnZvatl Xo£vW
ZwjvSmb [oaln
Xt¶m \mcknwlx {]tNmZbmXv
(R§Ä `mkvIcs\ Adnbm\m{Kln¡p¶p. al±yp
XnIcs\ [ym\n¡p¶p. AXn\v BZnXy³ {]tNmZ\
acpfs«.
31. sshizm\cmb hnZvatl emeoemb [oaln
Xt¶m Aánx {]tNmZbmXv
(R§Ä sshizm\cs\ Adnbm\m{Kln¡p¶p.
 614
I AXn\v emeoes\ [ym\n¡p¶p. ( emeob³ AánbpsS
Hcp ]cymbamWv) AXn\v Aán {]tNmZ\w \ÂIs«.
33. ImXymb\mb hnZvatl I\ymIpamcn [oaln
Xt¶m ZpÀ¤nx {]mtNmZbmXv
R§Ä ImXymb\s\ Adnbm\m{Kln¡p¶p.
AXn\v Ipamcnsb [ym\n¡p¶p. AXn\v ZpÀ¤n {]tNmZ\
acpfs«. ( ZpÀ¤ Xs¶ ZpÀ¤n)
34. kl{k]cam tZho iXaqe iXm¦pcm
kÀÆw lcXp ta ]m]w ZpÀÆm
Zpxkz]v\m \min\o.
(Bbnc¡W¡n\v HuXnjvIrjvSyapffXpw, tZhn
bpw At\Iw apc«pIÄ tNÀ¶Xpw \qdpIW¡n\v apfI
fpffXpw Zpxkz]v\\min\nbpw Bb IdpI¸pÃv Fsâ
FÃm ]m]hpw \in¸n¡s«.
35. ImWv UmXv ImWvUmXv {]tcml´o ]cpjx
]cpjx]cn
Ghm t\m ZpÀtÆ {]X\p klt{kW
itX\ N
( Hmtcm ap«n \n¶pw kar²nbmbn ho­pw apf¨p
hcp¶ IdptI, C{]Imcw R§sfbpw iXambpw kl{k
ambpw hÀ²n¸n¡pI.)
36. bm itX\ {]Xt\mjn klt{kW
hntcmlkn
XkymkvtX tZhojvStI hnt[a lhnjm hbw
(Bcm[ybmb tZhn, IdptI, bmsXm¶v \qdpIW-
¡mbn hÀ²n¡p¶p, BbncIW¡mbn hfcp¶p. A§-
s\bpff \n\¡v R§Ä lhnÊpsIm­v Bcm[\-
sN¿p¶p.)
37. Aiz{Imt´ cY{Imt´ hnjvWp{Imt´
hkpÔcm
inckm [mcbnjyman c£kz amw ]tZ ]tZ.
Aiz§Ä ,Nhn«nbXpw cY§Ä Dcp­Xpw, hnjvWp
Nhn«nbn«pffXpamb `qan, incÊpsIm­v Rm³ \ns¶
[cn¡p¶p Fs¶ ASnbv¡Sn c£n¡pI.
38. {`panÀt[\pÀ[cWo temI[mcnWo
D±rXmkn hcmtlW IrjvtW\
iX _mlp\m
(]iphns\t¸mse ]pjv Sn Zmbn\nbpw, temI[mcn
Wnbpw Bb `qan At\Iw ssIItfmSp IqSnb hcml
cq]nbmb IrjvW\m \o D²cn¡s¸«hfmWv)
39. ar¯ntI l\ ta ]m]w b·bm Zpjv IrXw
ar¯ntI {_ÒZ¯mkn Imiyt]\m`n
a{´nXm
N P
ar¯ntb tZln ta ]pjvS nw Xzbn kÀÆw K
{]XnjvT nXw.
(AÃtbm ar¯ntI (`qan) bmsXmcp ZpjvI rX
F¶m IrXyambn AXv \in¸n¨mepw. ar¯ntI, \o
{_ÒZ¯bmWv, Imiy]\m A`na{´nXbmWv. ar¯n
tI, F\n¡v ]pjvSn \ÂIpI. \n¶n \n¶v kÀhw
{]XnjvTamIp¶p.
40. ar¯ntI {]XnjvTntX kÀÆw
Xt· \nÀWpZ ar¯ntI
Xzbm ltX\ ]mt]\
KÑman ]camw KXnw.
(ar¯ntI, {]XnjvTnXbmbhsf, Fsâ FÃm
]m]hpw \in¸n¡pI. F¶m lXamb ]m]¯mÂ
Rm³ ]caamb KXn {]m]n¡p¶p.
41. bX C{µ `bmatl
XtXm t\m A`bw Ir[n
aLh©cKv²n Xh X¶
DuXtb hnZzntjm hnart[m Pln.
( tl C{µ, FhnsS \n¶v R§Ä¡v `bap­mIp¶p,
AhnsS \n¶v R§Ä¡v B`bw sNbvXmepw. aLh³,
A§bpsS `à\mb R§fpsS ]m]w \in¸n¡pI.
R§fpsS DuXn¡mbn (c£) bp¯nse i{Xp¡sf
\in¸n¨mepw.)
42. kzkvX nZm hnikv]Xn³þ
hr{Xlm hnart[m hio
hrtj{µx ]pc GXp \x
kzkvXnZm A`b¦cx
(awKfw \ÂIp¶h\pw hnikv]Xnbpw (P\c£I³)
hr{Xlmhpw ( hr{Xs\ sIm¶h³) bp²¯n hnP
bnbpw, hÀjw \ÂIp¶h\pw, A`bw \ÂIp¶h\pw
Bb C{µ³ R§fpsS ]ptcm`mK¯n hcpamdmIs«.
43. kzkvXn \ Ct{µm hr²{ihmx
kzkvXn \x ]qj hnizthZmx
kzkvXn \kvX mÀt£ym AcnjvSt\anx
kzkvX n t\m _rlkv]XnÀZ[mXp.
(hr²{ihÊmbþ (henb IoÀ¯nam³) þC{µ³ \·
Acpfs«. hnizthZmhmb (FÃmw Adnbp¶) kqcy³
\ap¡v \· \ÂIs«. AcnjvSt\anbmb (B]¯Iäp
¶) KcpU³ \ap¡v \· \ÂIs«. _rlkv]Xn \ap¡v
awKfw \ÂIs«.
 615
I 44. B]m´a\ykvXr]e {]`Àt½m
[p\nx inaohm³ icpam³ EPojo
tkmtam hnizm\yXkmh\m\n
\mÀÆmKn{µw {]Xnam\m\n t`Zpx
B]Xa\yphpw (tIm]anÃm¯) Xr]e {]`À½mhpw
(aq¶pineIfm {]lcn¡p¶) [p\nbpw (i{Xpkwlmc
I³) inaohm\pw (IÀ½bpà³) iXam\pw (Bbp[[mcn)
EPojnIw (tkmagnb³) Bb tkma³ AXkmh\§sf
(hc­h\§Ä) hfÀ¯p¶p. {]Xnam\§Ä (FXncfhp
IÄ) C{µs\ AÀhm¡mbn (Iogvt¸m«v) Xmgv¯p¶nÃ.
45. {_ÒÚm\w {]Yaw ]pckvX mZzn
koaXx kpcptNm th\ Bhx
k _p[v\nbmw D]am Aky hnjvTmx
kXÝ tbm\nakXÝ hnhx
( ap¼v {_Ò¯n \n¶v P\n¨h\pw, BZyap­mb
h\pw tim`mhm\pw Bb th\³ ( kqcy³) AXnÀ¯n
IÄ hsc hntijn¨v BhcWw sN¿p¶p. Ah³ A´co
£¯nepffhbpw BhcWw sN¿p¶p. Chsâ kZri
]ZmÀ° §Ä hnhn[amWv . A h³ k¯ nsâbpw,
Ak¯nsâbpw DÛhØm\hpw hym]vXam¡p¶p.
46. tkym\m ]rYnhn `hm \r£cm \nthi\o
bÑm \x iÀaa k{]Yamx
(`qXPmeP\\nbpw AhbYm Øm\ \nthin¸n¡p
¶hfpw {]ikvXbpw Bb `qan, tkym\bmbn (ZpxJ\m
in\n) XocpI, R§Ä¡v kpJw \ÂIpI.
47. KÔZzmcm Zpcm[Àjmw
\nXy]pjvSmw IcojnWow
Cuizcow kÀÆ {`qXm\mw
Xmantlm]lztb {inbw.
KÔZzmcbpw (KÔwhgn Adnbs¸Sp¶hÄ) Zpcm[À
jbpw, \nXy]pjvSbpw, IcojnWnbpw (hfw tNÀ¶hÄ)
kÀh`qX§fptSbpw Cuizcnbpw Bb B e£va nsb
ChnsS Rm³ Ba{´Ww sN¿p¶p.
48. {ioÀta `PXp, Ae£va oÀta \iyXpþ
hnjvWpapJm ssh tZhmivOtµm`n
cnam³ temIm\]P¿a`yPb³
alm³ Ct{µm h{Pq_mlpx
tjmUio iÀ½ bÑXp.
({io Fs¶ `Pn¡s«, Ae£vao F\n¡v \in¡s«.
hnjvWp apXemb tZh·mÀ thZhnKnXIÀ§fm Cu
temI§sf aäpÅhÀ¡v Pbn¡m\mI¯hn[w Pbn¨p.
h{P_mlphpw, aKm\pamb C{µ\pw, ]Xn\mdp IeI
N P
fmÀ¶ N{µ\pw kpJw \ÂIs«. K
49. kzkvXn t\m aLhm ItcmXp
l´p ]m]vam\w tbm kvam³ tZzjvSn.
C{µ³ R§Ä¡p \· sN¿s«. R§sf t{Zmln
¡p¶ ]m]nsb \in¸n¡s«.
50. tkmam\w kzcWw IrWpln
{_ÒWkv]tX, I£oh´w b HuinPw
icocw bÚiaew, IpkoZw
Xkva n³ koZXp tbm kvam³ tZzjvSn.
({_lvWkv ] tX (thZ\mYbp]camßmth)
tkmackm D­mIp¶ Fs¶ Huin¡nsâ ]p{X\mb
I£ohm³ F¶ Ejnsbt¸mse {]kn²\m¡nXoÀ
¯mepw. Fsâ icocs¯ tbmKw sN¿m³ iàam¡pI,
bmsXmcph³ R§sf tZzjn¡p¶p. Ah³ \cI¯nse
¯s«.)
51. NcWw ]hn{Xw hnXXcw ]pcmWw
tb\ ]qXkvXcXn ZpjvIrXm\n
tX\ ]hnt{XW ipt²\ ]qXm
AXn ]m]vam\acmXnw Xtca.
(hnXXambn (hym]n¨) ]pcmX\amb ]mZw ]cnip²
amIp¶p. bmsXm¶p sIm­v ]qX\ambn ZpjvIrX§sf
XcWw sN¿p¶p. ]cnip²hpw \nÀ½ehpamb AXpsIm
­v hnip²cmbn ]m]amIp¶ i{Xphns\ AXn{Ian¨v
R§Ä XcWw sN¿s«.)
52. ktPmjm C{µ kKtWm acpZv`nx
tkmaw ]n_ hr{Xl³ iqc hnZzm³
Pln i{Xq³ A] art[m \pZkzm[m`bw
IrWplnhniztXm \x
(hrXm\pkmcw sIm¶h\pw, iqc\pw hnZzm\pamb
C{µm, KWklnX\mbn acp¯p¡tfmSp IqSn h¶v
kkt´mjw tkmacks¯, IpSn¡pI, i{Xp¡sf
\in¸n¡pI. bp²¯n\v h¶n«pff i{Xp¡sfbpw
\in¸n¡pI. ]ns¶ R§Ä¡v FÃm hn[¯nepw A`bw
\ÂIpI.
53. kpan{X \ B] Huj[b k´p
ZpÀan{XmkvXkvssa Zqb kqÀt¿mkvam³
tZzmjvSn bw N hbw Zznjvax
R§Ä¡v Pehpw, Hmj[nbpw \à an{X§fmbn
`hn¡s«. bmsXmcph³ R§sf tZzjn¡p¶p. bmsXmcp
hs\ R§Ä tZzjn¡p¶p, Ah\v tZmjw sN¿p¶ an{X
§Ä D­mIs«.)
 616
I 54. Bt]m ln jvTm atbm`phkvXm \ DuÀÖw
Z[mX\, atlcWmb N£tk. tbm
hx inhXtam ckvkvXky `mPbtX l\x
DiXocnh amXcx Xkvam Acw Kama
thm bky £bmb Pn\zY. Bt]m
P\bYm N \x
(AÃtbm A¸pIsf, \n§Ä B\µZmbI§sf¶v
{]kn²amWtÃm. A§s\bpff \n§Ä R§Ä¡v
iàn \ÂInbmepw, al¯pw tim`\hpamb Úm\¯n
\mbn, bmsXm¶pt­m \n§fpsS awKfXcamb ckw,
AXn\v ChnsS R§sf `mK`m¡m¡nbmepw kvt \ln
¡p¶ A½amsct¸mse \n§fpsS Øm\t¯¡v thK
¯n R§Ä t]mImw. R§Ä¡v A¸pIsf, P\n¸n
¡pIbpw sNbvXmepw.
55. lncWyirwKw hcpWw {]]tZy
XoÀ°w ta tZln bmNnXx
b·bm `pàakm[q\mw
]mt]`yÝ {]Xn{Klx
(kphÀ®amb IncoSt¯mSp IqSnb hcpWs\ Rm³
icWw {]m]n¡p¶p. bmNn¡p¶ F\n¡v XoÀ° Pew
X¶mepw. Rm³ ]m]nIfpsS `£Ww Ign¨n«p­v, ]m]n
Ifn \n¶v k½m\hpw kzoIcn¨n«p­v.
56. bt· a\km hmNm IÀ½Wm hm
ZpjvIrXw IrXw
X¶ Ct{µm hcptWm _rlkvXnx
khnXm N ]p´p ]p\x ]p\x.
(bmsXmcp ZpjvIrXw F¶m a\km hmNm IÀaWm
sN¿s¸«n«pt­m. AXns\ C{µ\pw, hcpW\pw, _rl
kv]Xnbpw, khnXmhpw ho­pw ho­pw ip²oIcn¡s«.
57. \tamátb ]vkpatX \a C{µmb
\tam hcpWmb \tam hmcpssWy \tamZv`yx.
(Pe¯nepff Aán¡pw, C{µ\pw, hcpW\pw, hmcp
Wn¡pw \akvImcw. A¸pIÄ¡v \akvImcw.
58. bZ]mw {Iqcw bZKta[yw
bZim´w XZ]KÑXmXv
A¸pIfpsS bmsXm¶v {Iqchpw, Aim´hpambn«p
t­m AsXÃmw Zqc¯nemIs«.
59. AXymi\mZXo]m\mXv
b¨ D{KmXv {]Xn{KlmXv
Xt· hcptWm cmPm
]mWn\m lyhaÀiXp.
N P
AXymi\¯mepw, AXn]m\¯mepw D{Kamb
K
{]Xn{Kl¯mepw bmsXmcp ]m]ap­mbn«pt­m AXns\
cmPmhmb hcpW³ ssIsIm­v AIäpamdmIs«,
60. tkm la]mt]m hnctPm
\nÀ½ptàm apàInev _njx
\mIky ]rjvTamcply KtÑZv
{_Ò ktemIXmw.
(A§s\bpff Rm³ ]m]anÃm¯h\mbn ctPm
KpWanÃm¯h\mbn \nÀapà\mbn ]m]lo\\mbn
kzÀ¤¯nsâ D]cntIdn {_Ò¯nsâ kmtemIyw {]m]n
¡s«.
61. bÝm]vkp hcpWx k ]p\mXzLaÀjWx
(bmsXmcph\mtWm Pe¯n ]m]\miI\mb
hcpW³ At±lw ip²oIcn¡pamdmIs«.
62. Caw ta KwtK bapt\ kckzXn
ipXp{Zn kvtXmaw kNXm ]cpjv Wnbm
AknIv\nbm acpZzrt[ hnXkvXbmÀ
PoIotb irWplym kptjmabm.
(AÃtbm KwtK, bapt\, kckzXn, ipXp{Zn,
hcphrt[, BÀPnXIotb ]cpjvaWntbmSpw AkvIn\n
tbmSpw hnXkvXtbmSpw kptjmatbmSpw IqSn Fsâ Cu
kvtXm{Xw FÃmhcpw IqSnt¨À¶v tI«mepw.
63. EXw N kXyw Nm`o²zm¯]tkm [yPmbX
XtXm cm{XncPmbX XXx
kapt{Zm A]˨hx
64. kap{ZmZÀ®hmZ[n kwhÕtcm APmbX
Atlmcm{XmWn hnZ[Zznizky anjtXm hio.
65. kqcymN{µaku [mXm bYm]qÀÆaIev]bXv
Znhw N ]rYnhow Nm´cn£atYm kphx
(\mep]mSpw {]Imin¡p¶ X]Ên \n¶v [À½hpw
kXyhpw D­mbn. AXn \n¶v Xs¶ Pe]qÀ®amb
kap{Zw. kap{Z¯n \n¶v A\´cw kwhÕcap­mbn.
]Iepw cm{Xnbpw \nÀ½n¡p¶ Cuizc³ Pohn¡p¶
hniz¯nsâ \mY\mIp¶p. hn[mXmhv kqcyN{µ·m
scbpw, ]gXpt]mse \nÀ½n¨pw. kzÀ¤w, `qan, A´
co£w, BImiw Chbpw Iev]n¨p.)
66. bXv ]rYnhymw cPx kzam´cnt£ hntcmZko
CamwkvXZmt]m hcpWx ]p\mXzLaÀjWx
]p\´phkhx ]p\mXp hcpWx
]p\mXzLaÀjWx
Gj `qXky at[y `ph\ky tKm]vXm
 617

I Gj ]pWyIrXmw temImt\j DXv IrjvS amb lrZb¯n ]me\w sNbvX v tkma³ K

artXymÀ lnc×bw (DamklnX\mb tZh³) _rl¯mbn hfÀ¶v, kphm
Zymhm]rYnthymÀlnc×bw kw{inXw \\mbn (IÀ½ZmXmhv) Cµpls\t¸mse kt´mjw \Â
kphx k\x kphx kwinim[n. Ip¶p.

(]rYnhnbnepw, A´co£¯nepw, kzÀ¤`qanIfn H¶mw A\phmIw Ignªp.

epw bmsXmcp kzIob]m]w AXnÂ\n¶v Cu R§sf
A¸pIfmIp¶ tZhXbpw ]m]\miI\mb hcpW\pw A\phmIw c­v
ip²oIcn¡s«. hkp¡Ä ip²oIcn¡s«. hcpW³ 1. PmXthZtk kp\hma tkma
ALaÀjWs\¶ Ejn, ChÀ c£n¡s«. Cu hcpW³
acmXobtXm \nZlmXn thZx
`qX`mhnIfpsS a[y¯nepff temI¯nsâ c£I\mWv,
Ch³ ]pWyw sNbvXhÀ¡v DNnX§fmb temI§Ä
k \x ]ÀjZXn ZpÀ¤mWn hnizm
\ÂIp¶ ]m]nIÄ¡v basâ lnc×bsa¶ temIw \mthh knÔpw ZpcnXmXymánx
\ÂIp¶p. Ah³ \ap¡v B\µacpfs«, ]m] apà- (PmXthZÊn\mbn (Aán) tkmacks¯ ]ngnsª
cm¡n R§sf A\p{Kln¡s«. Sp¡s«. Úm\¯m kqNn¸n¡s¸Sp¶ Aán i{Xp¡
67. BÀ{Zw PzeXn tPymXnclakvan tPymXnÀ fmbXoÀ¶hsc Zln¸n¡tW. B Aán I¸epsIm­v
PzeXn {_Òmlkvan tbm lakvan knÔphns\ F¶t]mse \½psS FÃm ZpÀ¤§sfbpw
A¸pd¯v c£n¡tW. ZpcnX§sf AIän c£n¡ tW
{_Òmlkvan. Alakvan {_Òmlþ
akvan Altahmlw amw Pqtlman kzmlmþ 2. XmaánhÀWmw X]km Pze´ow
sshtcmN\ow IÀa^tejp PqjvSmw
(\\ª hn¯v apfbv¡p¶Xpt]mse {]fb Pe
¯n \n¶v Cu {]]©w krjvSn¡p¶ ]catPymXnÊp ZpÀ¤mw tZhow icWalw {]]tZy
Rm\mWv. Rm³ Xs¶bmWv {_Òw. Rm³ Fs¶ kpXckn Xctk \ax
]catPymXnÊn tlman¡p¶p.
(AánhÀ®bpw X]ÊpsIm­v Pzen¸n¡p¶hfpw,
68. AImcyImcyhIoÀt®m tim`bam\bpw, IÀ½e§Ä tNÀ¶hfpw Bb ZpÀ¤mtZ
kvtXt\m {`qWlm KpcpXev]Kx hnsb Rm³ icWw {]m]n¡p¶p. Ffp¸¯n adpIsc
F ¯ n¡ p¶ h s f , R § s f t h K ¯ n A ¡ s c
hcptWm ]maLaÀjW
F¯n¡pI)
Xkva mXv ]m]mXv {]apNytX.
3. Atá Xzw ]cbm \thym Akvan³
AImcyImcn (sNt¿­m¯Xv sN¿p¶h³) Ah
IoÀ®³ ({hX`wKwhcp¯p¶h³) kvtX\³ (tNmc³) kzkvX n`ncXn ZpÀ¤mWn hnizm
{`qWlm (KÀ`]mXw hcp¯p¶h³) KpcpXev]mK³ ]pÝ ]rYzo _lpfmN DÀÆo
(Kpcp]Xv\nsb {]m]n¡p¶h³) Chcpw ]m]apàcmIp `hmtXmImb X\bmb iwtkmx
¶p. ImcWw PetZhXbmb hcpW³ ]m]lmcnbmWv)
(tl Atá, \hy\mb \o R§sf kzkvXnIfmÄ
69. ctPm{`pankvXzw amw tcmZbkz FÃm ZpÀ¤§sfbpw AXn{Ian¨v adnIcbnse¯n¡pI.
{]hZ´n[ocmx Npäpw `qanbpw IrjnØehpw [mcmfap­mIs«. tXmI
¯n\pw (k´m\w) X\bÀ¡pw (Ip«nIÄ) kpJw
Rm³ ]m]§fpsS ctPm`qanbmWv (Øm\w) \o
tbmPn¸n¡p¶h\mbn `hn¨mepw.)
Fs¶ Icbn¸n¡q F¶v [oc·mÀ ]dbp¶p.
4. hnizm\n t\m ZpÀ{Klm PmXthZx
70. B{Im³ kap{Zx {]Yta hn[À½³
knÔpw \ \mhm ZpcnXmX]Àjn
P\b³ {]Pm `ph\ky cmPm
hrjm ]hnt{X A[n kmt\m Athy Atá A{Xnh·\km KrWmt\m
_rltÕmtam hmhrt[ kphm\ Cµpx kvamIw t_m[yhnXm X\q\mw

(kap{Zw (]camßmhv) FÃmw B{Ian¨v \nev¡p¶p. (AÃtbm PmXthZ, B]¯p\in¸n¡p¶ `hm³

BZyw [À½¯n\\pkcn¨v {]PIsf P\n¸n¨v `ph\ R§fpsS FÃm ZpcnX§sfbpw \uIsIm­v knÔp
¯nsâ cmPmhmbn A`ojvS§Ä hÀjn¨p ]cnip²ambn hns\t¸mse AXn{Ian¨v \in¸n¨mepw.)

N P
 618
I 5. ]rX\mPnXw klam\ap{Ka\nw
lptha ]camXv k[ØmXv
k \x ]ÀjZXn ZpÀKm¶n hnizm
£mat±thm AXn ZpcnXmXyánx
(ssk\y§sf Pbn¨h\pw kÀÆw kln¡p¶h\pw
`b¦c\pw Bb Aánsb DXvIrjvSamb Øm\¯p\n¶v
R§Ä¡v Blzm\w sN¿p¶p. B tZh\hmb Aán
\½psSÃm ZpÀ¤§sfbpw (B]¯v) AXn{Ian¨v \in¸n
¡s«, ZpcnX§sf AXn{Ian¨v At±lw c£n¡s«.)
6. {]Xvt\mjn IaotUym A[ztcjp
k\m¨tlmXm \hyÝ kÕn
Xzmw Nmtá X\phw ]n{]bkzmþ
kva`yw N ku`KambPkz.
A[c§fn (bmKw) CuUyXmb AánbkpJw
D­m¡p¶p. ap¼pffhhmbn, Ct¸mgpffh\pambn,
bmK§fn tlmXmhmbn A§v hkn¡p¶p. tl Atá,
Xsâ tZls¯bpw kpJabam¡pI. R§Ä¡pw ku`m
KyacpfpI.)
7. tKm`nÀPpjvSabptPm \njnàw
Xth{µ hnjvt Wmc\pkwNtca
\mIky ]rjvTa`nkwhkmt\m
sshjvWhow temI ClamZb´mw
tl C{µ, ]m]lo\\pw kÀÆhym]nbpw Bb A§
bpsS tKm¡fm tkhn¡s¸Sp¶Xpw AarX[mcbmÂ
\\bv¡s¸«Xpamb ]Zs¯ \ap¡v ]cnNcn¡mw. kzÀ¤
¯nse§pw Ignbp¶tZh·mÀ hnjvWp `ànsb Cu
temI¯n \ÂIn kt´mjn¡s«.
c­mw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw aq¶v
1. "`qc¶aátb ]rYnsshy kzmlm,
`pthm¶w hmbth´co£mb kzmlm,
kphc¶amZnXymb Znth kzmlm `qÀ`phþ
Êphc¶w N{µamtkm ZnKv`yx kzmlm,
\tam tZth`yx kz[m ]nXrt`ym `qÀ`phxkphc
¶tama.
(A¶¯n\mbn Aán¡pw ]rYnbv¡pw s\¿v kaÀ
¸n¡p¶p. A¶¯n\mbn hmbphn\pw A´co£¯n\pw
lhnÊv AÀ¸n¡p¶p. A¶¯n\mbn `qan, BImiw,
kzÀ¤w, N{µ³, Zn¡pIÄ ChÀ¡v lhnÊv AÀ¸n¡p¶p.
tZh·mÀ¡v \akvImcw. ]nXr¡Ä¡v kz[. `qan kzÀ¤w
BImiw Ch R§Ä¡v A¶w \ÂIs«.)
aq¶mw A\phmIw Ignªp.
N P
A\phmIw \mev K
{`pcátb ]rYznsshy kzmlm, `qthm
hmbth A´co£mb kzmlm, kphcm
ZnXymb Znth kzmlm, \tam tZth`yx,
kz[m ]nXrt`ym `{`qÀ`phx kphcá Hmw.
(`qan¡pw `qx `ph,x kzx F¶o aq¶p hymlrXnIÄ
¡pI BZnXy\pw tZymhn\pw lhnÊv kaÀ¸n¡p¶p.
tZh·mÀ¡v \akv I mcw, ]nXr¡Ä¡v kz[. Atá,
Fs¶ AwKoIcn¡pI.
\mew A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw A©v
1. {`qctáb N ]rYznsshy N altX N
kzmlm, `pthm hmbth A´c£mb N
altX N kzmlm, {`pÀ`phÊphÝ{µatk
N \£t{X`yÝ ZnKv`yÝ altX N
kzmlm, \tam tZth`yx kz[m ]nXrt`ym,
`qÀ`phx kphÀaltcmav.
(`qan, Aán, ]rYnhn, hmbp, A\´co£w, `phÀ
temIw, kzÀtemIw, N{µ³, \£{X§Ä, Zn¡pIÄ, tZh
·mÀ, ]nXr¡Ä ChÀs¡Ãmw Rm³ ]qP AÀ¸n¡p¶p.)
A©mw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw Bdv
1. ]mln t\m Atá G\tk kzmlm, ]mln
t\m hnizthZtk kzlm,
bÚw ]mln hn`mhtkm kzmlm,
kÀÆw ]mln iX{ItXm kzmlm.
(AtX ]m]¯n \n¶v R§sf c£n¡pI. PRm
\¯n\v R§sf c£n¡pI. bPvRs¯ c£n¡pI. \qdp
tbmK§Ä sNbvX C{µm kIeXpw c£n¡pI.)
Bdmw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw Ggv
]mln t\m Aá GIbm,]mlypX ZznXoþ
bbm,]mly p ÀP wXr X obbm] ml n K oÀ`n
ÝXkr`nÀhtkm kzmlm.
(AtX H¶p sIm­v R§sf c£n¡pI. c­mat¯
XpsIm­pw aq¶mat¯XpsIm­pw R§sf iànsb
c£n¡pI hkphmb tZhv, R§sf \mepKocpIfmÂ
(\mepthZ§Ä) ]men¡pI.)
Ggmw A\phmIw Ignª p.
 619

I A\phmIw F«v bZypth bpth lhmw hnlzbnjyman IÀ¯w K

1. bݵkmarjt`m hnizcq]Ýtµm
`rivOµmwkymhnthi kXmwinIyx
t{]mhmtNm]\njZt{µm tPyjvT C{µnbmb
Ejnt`ym \tam tZth`yx kzm[m ]nXrt`ym
`qÀ`phÊhivOµ Hmav.
(thZ§fn sh¨v bmsXmcmÄ t{ijvT\pw thZ§
fn \n¶v PmX\pw kÖ\§Ä¡v {]m]Wob\pw
t{ijvT\pw Bb C{µ³ alÀjnamÀ¡v C{µnbPb¯n\v
D]\nj{Zlky hnZysb D]tZin¨p. A§s\bpff
tZh·mÀ¡v \akvImcw. ]nXr¡Ä¡v kz[. `q; `phx)
F«mw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw H¼Xv
1. \tam {_ÒtW, [mcWw ta AkvXp
\ncmIcWw [mcbnXm {`pbmkw, I˨tbmx
{ipXw amthymVw amamapjy Hmav.
({_Ò¯n\v \akvImcw. F\n¡v [mcW im´nbp
­mIs«. \ncmIcn¡msX kIeXpw HmÀ¡p¶h\mIs«.
sNhn apXemb C{µnb§fm Adnbm³ IgnªsXm¶pw
\jvSamImXncn¡s«.)
H¼Xmw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw ]¯v
EXw X]x kXyw X]x {ipXw X]x
im´w Xt]m ZakvXx iakvXt]m Zm\w tXm
bÚw Xt]m {`pÀ`phx kphÀ{_Ò
GXZp]mkz GX¯x
]XnjymaotXyhaarXmZmßm\w PqKp]vtkXv.
(\Ãh®w ]q¯p\n¡p¶ hr£¯nsâ KÔw
Zqct¯bv¡v hoip¶Xpt]mse ]pWyIÀ½¯nsâ Zqc
t¯¡v hoip¶p. AXpt]mse Ipgnbn sh¨ hmfnsâ
hmbv¯e Rm³ Nhn«n \S¡mw F¶p]dªv \S¶mÂ
Ipgnbn hogpw. hnlze\mbn¯ocmsX (amb) kn²n¡pX
Ip¶hn[w Bßmhns\ c£n¡m\m{Kln¡Ww.
]Xns\m¶mw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw ]{´­v
1. AtWmcWobm³ altXm alobm³
Bßm Kplmbmw \nlntXm ky Pt´m
Xa{IXpx ]iyXn hoXtimtIm
[mXpx {]kmZm·lnam\aoiw
(AWphns\¡mÄ AWphmbn«pffXpw al¯ns\
¡mÄ al¯mbn«pffXpamb Bßmhv Cu P´phnsâ
(Pohn) lrZb Kplbn ØnXnsN¿p¶p. hnjbm`nemjc
lnX³ B alXzapffCuis\ Cuizcsâ {]kmZ¯mÂ
ImWp¶p. kpJZpxJclnX\mbn¯ocpIbpw sN¿p¶p.
2. kvX {]mWmx {]`h´n XkvamXv
k]vXmˬnjx kan[x kvXPnlzmx
k]vX Cta temIm tbjv S Nc´n {]mWm
Kplmibm¶nlnXmx k]vX k]vX.
3. AXx kap{Zm KncÝ kctÆþ
kvamÕyµt´ knÔhx kÀÆcq]mx
AXÝ hnizm Hmj[tbm cmkmÝ
tbss\j {`pX kvXnjvTXy´cmßm

(a\km k¦ev]n¡s¸Sp¶ kXyw X]ÊmWv. thZm (Ch\n \n¶v kIe kap{Z§fpw, ]ÀhX§fpw
[yb\w, _mlym`y´tc{µnb§fpsS D]cnXnbmIp¶ D­mIp¶p. Ch\n \n¶p Xs¶ FÃm hn[¯nepff
im´n, X]Êv, Zm\w, bÚw, Ch X]ÊIp¶p. `q, `phx \ZnIÄ HgpIp¶p. Ch\n \n¶p Xs¶ kIe Hmj
kpJx "" Cu aq¶p hymKrXnIfpw {_ÒamIp¶p. AXns\ [nIfpw [ym\§fpw D­mIp¶p. bmsXm¶n Ch³
D]mkn¡p¶Xpw X]ÊmWv. `qX§fm Npäs¸« A´cmßmhmbn \nesImffp¶p.
Bckhpw Ah\n \n¶pXs¶.)
]¯mw A\phmIw Ignªp.
4. {_Òm tZhm\mw ]Zhox I\o\mw
A\phmIw ]Xns\m¶v EjnÀ hn{]mWmw alntjm arKmWmw
tiyt\m Kr{[mWmw kz[nXnÀ h\m\mw
1. bYm hr£ky kw]pjv] nXky
ZqcmXv KtÔm tkmax ]hn{XatXyXntc`³.
hmtXyhw ]pWyky IÀ½tWm (tZh·mcn {_Òmhpw IhnXIfn ]ZhmIyÚm
ZqcmXv KtÔm \nbpw, _p²nam·mcn Ejnbpw arK§fn t]m¯pw
hmXn, bYmkn[mcmw IÀt¯ IgpI·mcn ]cp´pw h\§fn ]ciphpw bmK§fnÂ
hlnXmah{Ita tkmambmKhpw ]cnip²ambn i_vZn¡p¶Xmbn AXni
bn¡p¶ hn[¯n {]tim`n¡p¶p.)
N P
 620
I 5. APmtaImw temlnip¢IrjvWmw
_lzow {]Pmw P\b´ow kcq]mw
AtPm tlytIm PqjamtWm\ptitX
PmltXy\mw `qàt`mKatPm \yx.
(Xpeycq]w IeÀ¶ At\Iw {]PIsf P\n¸n¡p¶
Npa¸v, shfp¸v, Idp¸v \ndt¯mSp IqSn P·clnXamb
Hcp {]IrXnsb A\p`hn¡p¶ Hcp P·clnX\mb
hyàn euIoIhnjb§fn apgpIn¡gnbp¶p. P·an
Ãm¯ asämcp Poh³ t`mK¡sfÃmw A\p`hn¨p XoÀ¶p.
Cu ambm {]IrXnsb ]cnXyPn¡p¶p. (]camßmhpw
PohmßmhpamWv ChnsS ]cmaÀin¡s¸Sp¶Xv)
6. lwkxkpNnjZv hkqc´cn£kZv
tlmXm thZnjZXnYnÀ ZqtcmWkXv
\rjZzctkZrXkZv thymakZ_vPm
tKmPm EXPm A{ZnPm EXw _rlXv.
(Ah³ BImiNmcnbmb lwkhpw (kqcy³)
A ´ co£ k ¯ mb hk ph pw (hmb p) t hZnb nÂ
hkn¡p¶ tlmXmhpw (Aán) Iei§fn hkn¡p¶
AXnYnbpw (tkmackw) \rk¯nepw hck¯pw
(a\pjycnepw tZh·mcnepw Ccn¡p¶) EXk¯pw
(bmKØnX³) thymak¯pw (BImiØnX³) A_vP-
hpw (shff¯n P\n¨Xv) tKmPbpw (`qanbn P\n¨Xv
EXPbpw (bmK¯n P\n¨Xv) _rl¯pw (al¯pw
BIp¶p.)
6. bkva mÖmXm \ ]cm ss\h InwNþ
\mk b Bhnthi `ph\m\n hnizm
{]Pm]Xnx {]Pbm kwhnZm\þ
kv{XoWn tPymXowjn kNtX k tjmUio.
(P\n¨n«pff bmsXm¶n \n¶v A\y§fÃm, H¶pw
D­mbncp¶nÃm bmsXmcph³ FÃm `ph\§sfbpw
{]thin¨p. B {]Pm]Xn {]PItfmSv H¶n¨p aq¶p
tPymXnÊpIfmb H¶n¨p tNcp¶p. AhÀ ]Xn¶mdpIe
Ifpffh\mWv ({_Ò¯nsâ ]Xn¶mdp IeIÄ {]mW³,
{i², BImiw, hmbp, Aán, Pew, `qan, C{µnbw, a\Êv,
A¶w, hocyw, X]Êv, a{´w, IÀ½w, temI§Ä, \ma
§Ä, ChbmWv)
6. hn[À¯mcw lhmatl htkmx IphnZvþ
h\mXn \x khnXmcw\rN£kw
(temIs¯ [cn¡p¶h\pw a\pjycpsS Nn´mZnIÄ
Adnbp¶h\pw Bb khnXmhns\ R§Ä Blzm\w
sN¿p¶p. Ah³ R§Ä¡p [\w kar²ambn \ÂIs«.)
7. LrXw anan£ntc LrXaky tbm\nÀþ
LrtX {inXu LrXaphky [ma
N P
A\pjzYamhl amZbkz K
kzmlmIrXw hrj` h£n lhyw.
(LrXw tlman¨p; LrXamWv Chsâ tbm\n.
(DÛhØm\w) LrX¯n B{ibn¨h\mIp¶p.
LrXmXs¶ Chsâ [maw. tl Atá, Hmtcm AÀ¸W
¯nepw tZh·msc sIm­phcpI. aZn¸n¡pI. t{ijvT
\mbhs\, kzmlm F¶p ]dªv tlman¡p¶ tlma
{Zhyw hln¡pI.
8. kap{ZmZqÀ½nÀ a[pam³ DZmcþ
Zq]mwip\m kaarXXzmam\Sv
LrXky \ma Kplyw bZkvXn
Pnlzm tZhm\maarXky \m`nx
(kap{Z hnimeamb krjvSnbn \m`nt]mse
{]]©w tX³ t]mse kt´mj{]Zambn DÛhn¨p.
LrXwt]mse t]mjIamb ]cakXy¯ns\ bmsXmcp
Kplyamb \maapt­m AXnsâ aµamb P]¯mÂ
AarXXzw {]m]n¡p¶p. AXv {Zhy·mcpsS PnlzbmIp¶p.
AarX¯nsâ \m`nbnw ( (tI{µw) BIp¶p.
9. hbw \am {]{_hmam LrtX\mþ
kvan³ btÚ [mcbmam \tam`nx
D] {_Òm irWhÑkyam\
NXpx irtKm haoZv Kuc GXXv.
(Cu bÚ¯n {]Imicq]¯n R§Ä Hmw
F¶ \maw D¨cn¡s«. \akvImc§tfmsS HmÀ½n¡s«.
\mep irwJ§tfmSp IqSnb ikyam\amb (]pIgv¯
s¸Sp¶) irWh\mb (tIÄ¡p¶) Kuc\mb (]cnip
²³) {_Òw CXns\ c£n¡s«.
10. NXzmcn irwKm {Xtbm Aky ]mZm
tZz ioÀtj k]vX lkvXmw tkm Aky
{Xn[m _t²m hrjt`m tcmchoXn
atlm tZthm aÀXym³ Bhnthi
CXn\v irwJ§Ä (sIm¼v) \mse®amWv. ]mZ§Ä
aq¶mWv. incÊpIÄ c­mWv. CXn\v ssIbpIÄ GgmWv.
aq¶p hn[¯ n _²ambn«pff hrj `w (Imf)
i_vZ n¡p¶p. {]mIicq]nbmb tZh³ a\pjycnÂ
{]thin¨p. (ChnsS Hm¦mcw, ]c{_Òw, [À½w ChbmWv
]cmaÀin¡s¸Sp¶Xv. ]cm{]IrXnbpw A]cm{]IrXnbpw
c­p incÊpIÄ; Ggp temI§Ä, ssIIÄ, Pm{KXv
kz]v\kpjp]vXnIÄ ]mZ§Ä)
11. {Xn[m jnXw ]Wn`nÀKplyam\w
KhntZhmtkm LrXa\zhnµ³
C{µ GIw kqcy GIw PPm\
th\mtZIw kz[bm \njvX£px
 621
I (tZhkam\cmb an\namÀ aq¶p {]Imc¯n A\p
jvTn¡s¸«Xpw BNmcy·mÀ clkyambn sh¡s¸«Xp
amb LrX (kzbw {]Imiamb ]cakXyw) hm¡pIfnÂ
{]m]n¨p. C{µ³ H¶ns\bpw kqcy³ H¶ns\bpw
P\n¸n¨p. B\µ kzcq]amb H¶n \n¶p H¶v kz{]
XnjvTnXamb BßmhpsIm­v \njv]¶ambn.)
12. tbm tZhm\mw {]Yaw ]pckvXmX
hnizm[ntIm cpt{Zm alÀjn
lncWyKÀ`w ]iyX Pmbam\w
k t\m tZhx ip`bm kvXpXym kwbp\àp
(At§ Aäw DXvI rjvS\pw EjnIamb bmsXmcp
cp{Z\n tZh·mcn sh¨v H¶ma\mb lncWyKÀ`\p
ap¼pXs¶ P\n¡p¶h\mbn ImWp¶p, B tZh³
\½sf ip`amb kvarXntbmSp tbmPn¸n¡s«.)
13. bkva mXv ]cw \m ]cakvXn In©nXv
bkva m¶mWotbm \ PymtbmfkvXn IÝnXv
hr£ Ch kvX_vt[m ZnhnXnjvT tXyI
kvtXt\Zw ]qÀWw ]pcptjW kÀhw
(bmsXm¶n \n¶v ]cambnt«m A]cambnt«m H¶pw
Zln¡p¶nÃ. bmsXm¶ns\¡mÄ sNdpXmbnt«mhepXm
bnt«m H¶nÃ. bmsXmcph³ hr£s¯t¸mse kvX w`n
¨h\mbn GI\mbn tZymhn ØnXnsN¿p¶p B
]pcpj³ CsXÃmw ]qÀ®amWv.
14. \ IÀ½Wm \ {]Pbm [t\\
XymtKss\tI AarXXzam\ip
]tcW\mIw \nlnXw Kplmbmw
hn{`mPtX bZyXtbm hni´n
IÀ½¯meÃ, {]P (k´Xn) sIm­Ã, [\¯meÃ,
XymKw sIm­mWv NneÀ tam£w {]m]n¨Xv. bmsXm¶n
s\bXnamÀ {]thin¡p¶p, AXv kzÀ¤¯n\pw A¸pd¯v
DffXmWv lrZbKplbn AXv {]Imin¡p¶p.)
15. thZm´ hnÚm\ kp\nÝnXmÀ°mx
k\ymktbmKmXv bXbx ip²k¯zmx
tX {_ÒtemImjp ]cm´Imte
]cmarXm ]cnapNy´n kÀth
(thZm´Úm\w sIm­v AÀ°w \nÝbw hcp¯n-
bn«pffhcpw k\ymk tbmK¯m hnip²m´xIcW
·mcpw Bb FÃm bXnIfpw DXvIrjvShpw acWclnXhp
amb {_Òambn¯oÀ¶v Ahkm\Ime¯v {_ÒtemI
§fn ]qÀ®ambn apà·mcmbn¯ocp¶p.
16. Z{lw hn]mlw hcthiva`qXw
bXv ]pÞcoIw ]pca[ykwØw
N P
X{Xm]nZt{l KK\w hntimIw K
Xkvan³ bZ´kvXZp]mknXhyw
Z{lhpw (Aev]w) hn]m]hpw (]m]anÃm¯) hcth
iy`qXhpw (Bßmhnsâ Ahkm\w) ]pca[ykwØw
(icoca[yØnXw) Bb bsXmcp ]pÞcoIw (lrZbI-
aew) AhnsSbpw Aev Øe¯v timIclnXamb
bmsXmcp BßXXzw AXv, D]mkn¡s¸tS­XmWv.
17. tbm thZmZu kzcx t{]mtàm thZmt´ N
{]Xnjv T nXx
Xky {]IrXneo\ky bx ]cx k atlizcx
thZ¯n BZnbn bmsXmcp kzcw ]dbs¸«p,
thZm´¯nepw Dd¸n¨p ]dªp. {]IrXnbn ebn¨p
tNcp¶ A Xn\pw A¸pd¯v bmsXmcph\mtWm
Ah\mWv atlizc³þCuizc³
A\phmIw ]Xnaq¶v
1. kll{kioÀjw tZhw hnizm£w
hniz iw`phw
hnizw \mcmbWw tZha£cw ]caw ]Zw
2. hnizXx ]caw \nXyw hnizw \mcmbWw lcnw
hniztathZw ]pcpjx kvXZznizap]PohXn
3. ]Xnw hnizkymtßizcw imizXw
inhaNypXw
\mcmbWw almtÚbw hnizmßm\w
]cmbWw
(Cu hnizw ]pcpj³ Xs¶bmWv. AXpsIm­v
Bbncw incÊpIfpffh\pw {]Imikzcq]\pw At\Iw
I®pffh\pw temIawKfZmbI\pw {]]© kzcq]I\pw
\ckaql¯nsâ {]`phpw tZh\pw \mianÃm¯h\pw
]ca{]Zambh\pw {]]©¯n\v AXoX\pw \nXy\pw
hniz\pw \mcmbW\pw lcnbpw (]m]\miI³) hniz\m
Y\pw Btßizc\pw imizX\pw awKf kzcq]\pw ANyp
X\pw \c\mbn AhXcn¨h\pw almtÚb\pw hnizm
ßmhpw ]cmbW\pw (DXvIrjvSamb {]m]yØm\w) Bb
tZhs\ Cu hnizw D]Pohn¡p¶p.)
4. \mcmbWx ]cw {_Ò XXzw \mcmbWx ]cx
\mcmbWx ]cw tPymXncmßm \mcmbWx ]cx
\mcmbWmx ]tcm[ymXm [ym\w \mcmbWmx ]cx
(\mcmbW³ ]caamb {_ÒmhmIp¶p; ]caamb
XXzamIp¶p; ]caamb tPymXnÊmIp¶p; ]camßmhm
Ip¶p. ]caamb [ymXmhpw [ym\hpw FÃmw \mcmbW³
Xs¶)
 622
I 5. b¨ In©nXv PKXykvan³ ZriytX
{irbtX]n hm
A´À_lnÝ XXv kÀhw hym]y
\mcmbWx ØnXm
(Cu PK¯n Fs´Ãmw hkvXp¡Ä ImWs¸Sp
¶p; tIÄ¡s¸Sp¶p AsXÃmw AI¯pw ]pd¯pw
hym]n¨p \mcmbW³ \nesImffp¶p.
A\y´ahybw Ihnw kapt{Z´w hnizw`phw
]ßtImi{]XoImiw lrZbw
Nm]yt[mapJw.
(A´anÃm¯h\pw \mianÃm¯h\pw Ihnbpw
(kÀhÚ³) hniz iw`ph\pw (temI¯n\v kpJw
\ÂIp¶p) Bb \mcmbWs\ [ym\n¡pI Xmacsam«n\p
Xpeyamb lrZbhpw Xmtgm«p apJapffXmbncn¡p¶p.
7. At[m\njvSym hnXkvXymt´ \m`ymap
]cnXnjvTXn
lrZbw XZv hnPm\obmZv hnizkymbX\w
alXv
(bmsXm¶v \njvTnbpsS Xmsg (IWvTIq]¯n\p
Xmsg) hnXkvX ym´¯n (cp{ZNmWnsâ Ahkm\w)
\m`n¡papIfn \n¡p¶p. Cu lrZbs¯ hnizmßm
hnsâ al¯mb BbX\ambn (Øm\w) a\Ênem¡Ww
8. k´Xw Xp kncm`nkvXp ew_Xym
tImi k¶n`w
Xkymt´ kpjncw kq£vaw Xkvan³ kÀhw
{]XnjvT nXw
(BImik¶nZaman (Xmacsam«n\p Xpeyamb
lrZbw) kncIfmb FÃmbnS¯pw hym]n¨v Xq§n¡nS
¡p¶p. AXnsâ A´¯n\v kq£vaamb kpjncap­v.
AXnsâ A´¯n\v kq£vaamb kpjncap­v. AXnÂ
FÃmw {]XnjvTnXambncn¡p¶p.
9. Xkyat²yalm\ánÀ hnizmÀ¨nÀ
hniztXmapJx
tkm {K `pIvhn`P³ XnjvT¶mlmc
aPcx Ihnx
10. XncyKqÀ[za[ximbo civabkvXky k´Xm
k´m]bXn kzw tZlam]mZXe akvXIw
11. \oe tXmbZa[yØm hnZyptÃJh`mkzcm
\ohmc iqI]¯\zo ]oXm`mkzXyWp]cam
(AXnsâ a[y¯n hnizmÀ¨nÊpw (FÃmbnS¯pw
Pzmebpff hniztXmapJambn A{K`p¡mbn (BZyw
`£n¡p¶) Blmcs¯ hn`Pn¡p¶Xmbn ØnXnsN¿p
¶Xpw PcbnÃm¯Xpw Ihnbpw (FÃmadnbp¶) Bb
N P
bmsXmcp al¯mb Aán AXv kz´amb tZls¯
K
B]mZNqVw NqSpffXm¡p¶p. AXnsâ a[y¯nÂ
AXy´w kq£va hpw ImÀtaL§fpsS \Sphnepff
an¶ÂsImSnt]mse tim`n¡p¶Xpw hcns\Ãnsâ ap\
¼pt]mse Irihpw aª\nd¯nepffXpw AWpXpey
hpw Bb hÓninJ ØnXnsN¿p¶p.
12. Xkymx inJmbm at²y ]camßm hyhØnXx
k {_Ò kinhx (k lcnwx) tk{µx
tkm£cx ]caxkzcmSv
(B inJbpsS a²y¯n ]camßmhv \nesImffp¶p.
AXv {_ÒamXp¶p. AXv inh\mIp¶p. AXv hnjvWphpw
C{µ\pamIp¶p. AXv \miclnXhpw DXvIrjvShpw kzbw
{]Imicq]hpamIp¶p.
A\phmIw ]Xn¶mev
1. BZntXym hm Gj Ga·Þeew X]Xn,
X{X Xm EN kvXZrNmaWvUew, k ENmw
temtIm Y b Gj GXkvan³ aÞte À¨nÀ
±o]ytX Xm\n kmam\n, k kmav\mw temtIm Y
b Gj GXkvan³ aÞte À¨njn ]pcpjpþ
kvXm\n bPpwjn k bPpjm aÞew
k bPojmw
temIx sskjm {Xt¿h hnZy X]Xn k
Gtjm´cZmtXy lnc×bx ]pcpjx
(Ch³ XoÀ¨bmbpw BZnXy\mWv. Cu aWvUes¯
X]n¸n¡p¶p. AhnsS Ah EXp¡fmWv. Ah E¡p
IfmWv. aÞeamIs« E¡pIfpsS Øm\amWv. bmsXmcp
{]Imiw Cu aWvUe¯n DPzen¡p¶p. Ah kma§
fmIp¶p. AXv kma§fpsS Øm\amWv . ]ns¶
bmsXmcph³ Cu aÞe¯n Dff P]mebn Dt­m
B ]pcpj³ bÖpÊpIfmWv. AXv bPpÊpsIm­pff
aÞeamWv. Ah³ bPpÊpIfpsS Øm\amIp¶p. B
{XbohnZyXs¶ {]IminXamIp¶p. BZnXysâ A´À`mK
¯pff ]pcpj³ lnc×b ]pcpj\t{X.
A\phmIw ]Xn\©v
1. BZntXym ssh tXP HmtPm
_ew biݣpx
t{im{Xamßm at\m a\ypÀa\pÀ
arXyqx ktXym
ant{Xm hmbpcmImix {]mtWm temI]mex
IxInw Iw XÕXya¶aartXm Pothm hnizx
IXax kzbw`q {_ssÒXZarX Gj ]pcpj
Gj `qXm\m[n]XnÀ {_ÒWx kmbpPyw
 623
I ktemIXmam]vt \mXyXmkmtah tZhXm\mw
kmbpPyw kmÀjvSnXmw kam\temIXm
am]vt \mXn
b Ghw thtZXyp]\njXv.
(BZnXy³ Xs¶bmIp¶p, tXPÊv, HmPÊv, _ew,
iàn, biÊv, N£pÊv, sNhn, icocw, a\Êv, tIm]w,
a\p, arXyp, kXyw, an{X³, hmbp, BImiw, {]mW³,
C{µmZnIv]me·mÀ, {_Òmhv, A\nhÀN\obamb XXzw,
kpJw ]cakXyw, {]IrXntam£w, Poh³, temIw,
]caambkpJw, kzbw `qhmb {_Òw acWclnX\mb
]pcpj³ Ct±lamIs« `qX§fpsS A[n]XnbmWv.
bmsXmcmÄ CXdnbp¶p, Ah³ {_mÒW\mIp¶p.k
Ah³ {_ÒkmbpPyw {]m]n¡p¶p. Cu tZh·mcpsS
kmbqPys¯ AXpt]mse kam\amb temIs¯
{]m]n¡p¶p F¶v D]\nj¯v D]tZin¡p¶p.
2. LrWn kqcy BZntXymaÀ¨b´n X]x kXyw
a[p £c´n, XZv {_ÒXZm], Bt]m tPymXn
ctkmarXw {_Ò `qÀ`phx kphtcma
(LrWn ({]ImiZmXmhv)e kqcy³, BZnXy³ {]Wh-
hmNyamb {_Òw ChsbÃmw Xs¶ {_Òs¯ AÀ¨n
¡p¶p. X]Êv, kXyw, a[p (D]mk\bpsS Øew) \Â
Ip¶p. AXv {_ÒamIp¶p. AXv Pew t]mse kÀh-
hym]nbmWv. {]Imikzcq]amWv. ckkzcq]amWv. AarX
kzcq]amWv. {_ÒamWv. `qtemIw, `phÀtemIw, kzÀ
temIw ChsbÃmw Xs¶ {]Whcq]amb {_ÒamIp¶p.
A\phmIw ]Xn\mdv
1. \n[\]Xtb \ax \n[\Xm´nImb \ax
DuÀ[zmb \ax DuÀ[zenwKmb \ax
lncWymb \ax
lncWyenwKmb \ax Znhymb \ax
ZnhyenwKmb \ax`hmb
\ax `henwKmb \ax iÀÆmb \ax iÀÆ
enwKmb
\ax inhmb \ax inhenwKmb \ax
Pzmemb \ax
PzeenwKamb\ax Bßmtb \ax Bß
enwKmtb \ax
]camtb \ax ]caenwKmb \ax
GXXv tkmaky
kqcyky kÀÆenwKw Øm]bXn ]mWn
a{´w ]hn{Xw
(1. \n[]Xn¡v \akvImcw ({]fbkm£n) 2. acW
IÀ¯mhmb ba\v \akvImcw. 3. apIfn \nesImffp¶
N P
inh\v \akvImcw., 4. kZminhXXz¯n\v \akvImcw. K
5. kz˨h˨\mb inh\v \akvI mcw. 6. kz˨
\nÀ½nX inhenwK¯n\v \akvImcw. 7. \à Im´nbpff
inh\v \akvI mcw. 8. Znhy\mb inhenwK¯n\v
\akv I mcw. 9. kzÀ¤cq]nbmb inh\v \akvI mcw.
10. AeuInIenwKcq]nbmb inh\v \akvImcw. 11. awKf
Imc\mb inh\v \akv Imcw. 12. iÀh\v \akvImcw,.
14. kÀh\miI\mb inh\v \akvI mcw 15. awKfkzcq
]nbmb inh\v \akvImcw. 16. awKfmb e£Ww tNÀ¶
tZh\v \akvImcw. 17. {]Imiam\\v \akvImcw. 18. tPym
XnÀenwK cq]n¡v \akvImcw. 19. PK¯nsâ Bßmhmb
tZh\v \akvImcw. 20. FÃm PohnIfpsSbpw lrZb¯nÂ
DÄs¡mffp¶h\v \akvImcw. 21.DXvIrjvS\mb inh\v
\akvImcw. 22. tam£mßIenwKcq]n¡v \akvImcw. Cu
a{´§fm DamklnXw FÃmän\pw ImcW`qX\pamb
inhsâ ]cnip² {]mWna{´cq]\pamb enwKs¯
`à·mÀ Øm]n¡p¶p.
A\phmIw ]Xnt\gv
1. ktZymPmXIw {]]Zyan ktZym
PmXmb ssh \tam \ax
`th `th \mXn`th `hkz amw
`thmZv`hmb \ax
(ktZymPmXs\ Rm³ icWw {]m]n¡p¶p. ktZym
PmX\v \akvImcw. ho­pw ho­pw P·¯n\v Fs¶
Ab¡cptX. kwkmcs¯ AXn{Ian¨ tam£¯nte
bv¡v Fs¶ Ab¨mepw. kwkmc¯nsâ DZv`hØm\amb
inh\v \akvImcw.)
A\phmIw ]Xns\«v
1. hmatZh\mb \tam tPyjvTmb \ax
t{ijvTmb \tam
cp{Zmb \ax Imemb \ax IehnIcWmb \tam
_ehnIcWmb \tam _emb \tam
_ep {]aY\mb
\ax kÀÆ `qXZa\mb \tam at\m·\mb \ax
(hmatZh\v \akvI mcw. 2. Gähpw t{ijvT\mb
tZh\v \akv I mcw. 3. Gähpw t{ijv T\mb tZh\v
\akvImcw. 4. {]fbIme¯v P\§sf Icbn¸n¡p¶
tZh\v \akvImcw. 5. Imecq]nbmb tZh\v \akv Imcw.
6. {]Ir Xnbn am äap­ m¡ n¯ oÀ¡ p ¶ tZ h\v
\akvImcw. 7. _e¯n amäap­m¡n¯oÀ¡p¶ tZh\v
\akvImcw. 8. iànkzcq]\v \akvImcw. 9. i{Xp¡fpsS
i à n \ i n¸ n¡ p ¶ h \ v \ a k v I m cw. 1 0 . F Ã m
`qX§fpsSbpw A[n]Xnbmb tZh\v \akvImcw 11. Pohn
IfpsS a\Êns\ \nb{´n¡p¶ tZh\v \akvImcw.
 624

I A\phmIw ]s¯m³]Xv (EXamb kXyhpw (AXy´ kXyw) ]camb {_Òhpw

K
IrjvWhÀ®t¯mSpw ]nwKfhÀ®t¯mSpw tNÀ¶Xpw
1. AtLmtct`ym Y tLmtct`ym
DuÀ[ztcXÊpw (tcXÊns\ {_Òc{Ô¯n [cn¡p
tLmctLmcXtc`yx
¶(hncq]m£\pw ({Xnt\{X³) ]pcpj\pw (]pcpjcq]w
kÀÆXx iÀÆkÀtÆt`ym tNÀ¶h\pw hnizcq]\pamb tZh\v ho­pw ho­pw
\akvtX AkvXp cp{Zcpt]`yx \akvImcw.
im´ambn«pffh\pw ]ns¶ tLmc§fmbhbpw
Gähpw tLmcXchpamb kIe cp{Z§tfmSpw IqSnb A\phmIw Ccp]¯n\mev
At§bv¡v tl, inh, kZminh, FÃmbnS¯pw \akvIm 1. kÀtÆm ssh cp{Zx Xkvssa cp{Zmb \tam
cw `hn¡s«. AkvXp]pcptjm
ssh cp{Zx k·tlm \tam \ax hnizw
A\phmIw Ccp]Xv `qXw `ph\w
1. XXv ]pcpjmb hnZvatl hmkptZhmb [oaln Nn{Xw _lp[m PmXw Pmbam\w N
Xt¶m cp{Zx {]tNmZtbXv bXv kÀtÆm
(XXv ] pcpj s\¶v (]camßmhv ) {]kn²\mb tlyj cp{ZkvXkvssa cp{Zmb \tam AkvXp
]pcpjs\ R§Ä Adnbs«. hmbptZhs\ R§Ä (kIeXpw cp{Z\mIp¶p. B cp{Z\v \akvImcw
[ym\n¡p¶p. AXn\mbn cq{Z³ R§sf t{]cn¸n¡s«.
`hn¡s«. A´cymanbmb Bßmhpw k¯mbn«pffXpw
almtXPÊpw cp{Z\mWv. cp{Z\v \akvImcw. {]]©hpw
A\phmIw Ccp]s¯m¶v krjvSn¡s¸« Bßm¡fpw ]e {]Imc¯n D­mbn
1. Cuim\x kÀÆhnZym\maoizcx «pffXpw D­mbns¡m­ncn¡p¶Xpamb hnNn{Xamb
kÀÆ `qXm\mw `ph\amsI cp{Z\mIp¶p. B cp{Z\v \akvImcw `hn¡s«.
{_Òm[n]XnÀ{_ÒtWmXnÀ{_Òm
inthm ta AkvX p kZminthmav A\phmIw Ccp]¯nb©v
(kIe hnZyIfpsSbpw \mY\pw kÀh`qX§fp 1. £p{Zmb {]tNXtk aoUpjvSamb Xhytk
sSbpw \nb´mhpw thZ¯nsâ A[n]Xnbpw {_Ò thmtNa i´aw lrtZ kÀtÆmtlyj cp{Zþ
¯nsâ A[ntZh\pw Bb ]camßmhv F\n¡v awKf kvXkvssa cp{Zmb \tam AkvXp
Imcnbmbn im´\mbn `hn¡s«. kZminh³ Hm¦mchmNy
amb {_ÒamIp¶p. ({]tNXÊpw (hninjvSÚm\bpà³) aoUnjvThpw
(B {Kl§ Ä k m[n¸n¨p sImSp¡ p¶) XhyÊ pw
A\phmIw Ccp]¯nc­v (AXniànam³)lrZ\pw (lrZb¯n ØXnsN¿p¶)
I{ZpZ\v (kvX pÀl\mb cp{Z³) iwXaamb (awKfIcw)
1. \tam lncWymb _mlth lncWyhÀ®mb kvt Xm{Xw R§Ä Km\w sN¿p¶p. CsXÃmw cp{Z\m
lncWycq]mb lncWy]Xtbw _nIm]Xtb Ip¶p. B cp{Z\v \akvImcw `hn¡s«.
Dam]Xtb ]ip]Xmb \ax
(kzÀ®m`cW`qjnXamb ssIIÄ tNÀ¶h\pw
A\phmIw Ccp]¯nbmdv
kzÀ®m\ÀL§fmb thZm£ c§ Ä¡v Dev ] ¯n 1. bky sshI¦Xyántlm{X lhWo `h´n
Øm\hpw kzÀ®cq]\pw (1) k¼¯nsâ \mY\pw {]XnjvT nXmx {]tXyhmkymlpX
Aw_nIm\mY\pw Dam]Xnbpw kIe PohnIfpsSbpw bkvXnjvT´n
\mY\pw Bb kZminh\v \akvImcw.
AtYm {]XnjvTnssXy
A\phmIw Ccp]¯naq¶v (bmsXmcphsâ Aántlm{XbmK¯n BPyw
tlman¡p¶ D]IcWw sshb¦XIv acw sIm­p­m¡n
1. EXw kXyw ]cw {_Ò ]pcpjw
bXmtWm Ch³ BlpXnIÄ {]tXyIw Xs¶ {]XnjvTnX-
IrjvW ]nwKfw
§fmbn ØXnsN¿p¶p. ]n¶oSv {]XnjvTnXn¡v (Nn¯
DuÀ²ztcXw hncq]m£w hnizcq]mb
ip²n Zzmcm XXzÚm\w t\SÂ) `hn¡p¶p.
ssh\tam \ax
N P
 625

I A\phmIw Ccp]¯ntbgv ]p\´p {_ÒWk]vXnÀ {_Ò]qXm K

1. IrWpjzm ]mP CXn ]©
IrWpjzm ]mP F¶p XpS§p¶ A©pa{´§Ä
Úm\mÀP\¯nse hnLv\§Ä ]cnlcn¡m\pw i{Xp
kwlmc¯n\pw ]änbhbmWv F¶v kqN\ \ÂIp¶p.
A\phmIw Ccp]¯nsb«v
1. AZnXnÀtZhm KÔÀÆm a\pjymx ]oXþ
tcm kpcmkvtXjmw kÀÆ`qXm\mw
amXm taZnþ
\o alXo alo kmhn{Xo Kmb{Xo PKXyp
ÀÆo ]rYzn _lpem hnizm, `qXm IXamþ
Imbm km ktXyXyartXXn hknjvTx
(AZnXn (`qan) tZh·mÀ, KÔÀh·mÀ, a\pjy·mÀ,
]nXr¡ Ä, Akpc·mÀ, B kÀh`qX§fpsSbpw
amXmhpw taZn\nbpambn al¯mbn ]qP\obambn
khnXmhns\ kw_Ôn¡p¶Xmbn kvXpXn¡p¶ hsc
c£ n¡ p¶hfmbn, FÃmän\pw B {ib`qX\mbn,
[m\y§fm kar²ntNÀ¶Xmbn, hnimeambn [m\yk
ar²bmbn ]©`qXmßnIbmbn kpJkzcq]nWnbmbn,
`qX§fpsS icocambn, \nesImffp¶hfmbn, kXykz
cq]nWnbmbn, acWanÃm¯hfmbn AhÄ {]tim`n¡p
¶psh¶v hknjvT³ ]dªp.
A\phmIw Ccp]¯nsbm³]Xv
1. Bt]m hm CSw kÀÆw hnizm`qXm\ym
]x {]mWm hm B]x ]ih Bt]m ¶
amt]m arXam]x k{amUmt], hncmUm]x
kzcmUm]RvO µmwkymt]m tPymXowjym
t]m bÖwjym]x kXyam]x kÀÆm
tZhXm Bt]m `qÀ`phx kzcm] Hmw
CsXÃmw shffw Xs¶bmIp¶p. FÃm `qX§fpw
shffamWv. {]mW§fpw shffamWv. arK§fpw shff
amWv. A¶w shffamWv, AarXw shffamWv. lncWy
KÀ`³ shffamWv. {]]©]pcpj³ PeamWv. AhymIr
Xamb Cuizc\pw shffamWv. Kmb{XymZn OµÊpIÄ
shffamWv. tPymXnÊpIÄ shffamWv. kXyw shffam
Wv. kÀhtZhXIfpw shffamWv. `qtemIw, `qhÀtemIw,
kzÀtemIw, Cu aq¶p temI§sf PeamWv. Hm¦mchm
Nyamb shffw Xs¶bmWv kIeXpw.
A\phmIw ap¸Xv
1. Bx ]p\´p ]rYznhow ]rYznhow ]qXm
]p\mXp amw
]p\mXpamw
kÀÆw ]p\´p amamt]m kXmw N
bZpÑnjvSat`mPyw bZzm ZpÝcnXw aa
{]Xn{Kmlx kzmlm
(Pew `q\nÀ½nXamb Cu tZls¯ ip²am¡s«.
ip²oIcn¡s¸« tZlw Fs¶ ip²amIs«. bmsXmcp
DÑnjvStam At`mPytam Fsâ Zpjv{]hr¯nsIm­pff
]m]tam ZpjvS ·mcn \n¶v Rm³ Zmlw kzoIcn¨n«p
s­¦n AsXms¡bpw Pew Fs¶ ip²am¡n¯oÀ
¡s«.
A\phmIw ap¸¯nH¶v
1. AánÝ am a\ypÝ a\yp]XbÝ
a\ypIrtX`yx
]mt]t`ym c£´mw bZÓm ]m]aImÀjw,
a\km
hmNm lkvXm`ymw ]Zv`ymapZtcW
iniv\m, Alþ
kvXZhep´p, bXv In©ZpcnXw abn CZalw
amarXtbm\u ktXy tPymXnjn
Pptlman kzmlm
Aánbpw a\yphpw a\p]XnIfmb tZh·mcpw Fs¶
tIm]w sIm­v sN¿s¸« ]m]§fn \n¶v c£n¡p
amdmIs«. ]IÂ a\ÊpsIm­v, hm¡psIm­v, ssIIÄ
sIm­v, ImepIÄsIm­v, hbdpsIm­v, enwKw sIm­v,
bmsXmcp ]m]w sNbvtXm AXns\ Alc`nam\ntZhX
\in¸n¡s«. am{Xaà F¶Xn Fs´mcp ]m]apt­m
AsXÃmw Rm³ AarXImcWamb kXy{]Imi¯nÂ
tlman¡p¶p. kzmlm
A\phmIw ap¸¯nc­v
1. kqcyÝ am a\ypÝ a\yp]XÝ
a\ypIrtX`yx
]mt]`ymw c£´mw b{Zm{Xnbm
]m]aImÀjwa\km
hmNm lkvXm`ymw ]Zv`ymapZtcW iniv\ m
cm{XnkvXZhep
¼Xp bXv In© ZpcnXw abn CZalw
amaarXtbm
\u kqtcym tPymXnjn Pptlman, kzmlm
(kqcy\pw a\yphpw a\yp]XnIfpw a\ypIrX§fmb
]m]§fn \n¶v Fs¶ c£n¡s«. cm{Xnbn Rm³
F´p ]m]w sNbvtXm, a\ÊpsImt­m enwKwsImt­m

N P
 626
I AsXÃmw cm{Xn \in¸n¡pamdmIs«. Rm³ Fs´Ãmw
]m]w sNbvXn«pt­m AsXms¡ AarXtbm\nbmbn
kqcy\mb tPymXnÊn Rm³ tlman¡pIbmWv. kzmlm
A\phmIw ap¸¯naq¶v
1. HmantXyIm£cw {_Ò. AánÀtZhXm {_Ò
CXymÀjw. Kmb{Xw Oµw ]camß kcq]w
kmbqPyw hn\ntbmKw
(Hmw F¶ GIm£cw {_ÒamIp¶p. AántZhXm
bmWv {_ÒamWv. Ejn Kmb{Xn OµÊmIp¶p. ]cam
ßmhv hnizamIp¶ cq]t¯mSp IqSnbXmWv. Cuizc
\pambn GIo`mhw {]m]n¡pIbmWv D]tbmKw.
A\phmIw ap¸¯n\mev
1. BbmXp hcZm tZho A£cw {_ÒkwlnXw
Kmb{Xo Oµkmw amtXZw {_Ò Pqjkz \x
(hc§Ä Zm\w sN¿p¶ tZhnbmb Kmb{Xn \mianÃm
¯Xpw thZk½Xhpw {_ÒXXzw kzcq]nWnbpamWv.
AXv {_ÒXXzw kzcq]nWnbpamWv. AXv {_ÒXXzw
D]tZin¡p¶Xn\mbn hcs«. OµÊpIfpsS amXmhmb
Kmb{Xn Cu {_ÒXXzs¯ R§Ä¡v ]Tn¸n¡pamdm
Is«.
2. bZÓmXv IpcptX ]m]w XZÓmXv
{]XnapNytX
b{Zm{XnbmXv IpcptX ]m]w X{Zm{XnbmXv
{]XnapNy
tX kÀÆhÀt® almtZhn kÔymhntZy
kckzXn
(kIe A£c§Ä¡pw aqeambn«pff {]Imikzcq
]nWn kÔyIfn Adnbs¸Sp¶hsf, kckzXn, ]IÂ
kab¯v GsXmcp ]m]w sN¿p¶p AXv ]IÂ Xs¶
\in¡s«. cm{Xnbn bmsXmcp ]m]w sN¿s¸Sp¶p AXv
cm{Xn Xs¶ \in¡pamdmIs«.
A\phmIw ap¸¯nA©v
1. HmtPmkn, ktlmkn, _eakn, {`tPmkn,
tZhm\mw [mam\makn, hnizakn
hnizmbpx kÀÆ
akn kÀÆmbpc`n`qtcmw, Kmb{Xoamhm
lbman, kmhn
{Xoamhmlbman, kckzXoamhmlbman,
OµÀjo
\mhmlbman, {inbamhmlbman, Kmb{Xnbmx
Kmb{Xo Otµm hnizman{X Ejox khnXm
tZhXm
N P
ánÀapJw {_Òmintcm hnjvWpÀlrZbx K
cq{Zx in
]rYznho tbm\ox {]mWm]m\thymt\mZm
\kam\m
k{]mWm tizXh˨m kmJymb\k
tKmt{XmKmb{Xo
NXpÀÆnwiXy£cm {Xn ]ZmjSvIp£nx]©
ioÀtjm
]\bt\ hn\ntbmKx
(AÃtbm Kmb{Xo, \o HmPÊmIp¶p, ss[cyamIp
¶p, _eamIp¶p, AtNX\ PK¯mIp¶p, hniz¯nsâ
\ne\nev]mIp¶p, FÃmamIp¶p, kIecsSbpw BbpÊm
Ip¶p, i{Xp\miIamIp¶p. Rm³ Kmb{Xnsb Bhmln
¡p¶p. kmhn{Xnsb Bhmln¡p¶p. kckzXnsb
B hmln¡ p¶p. OµÊpIfpsSbpw EjnIsfbpw
Bcm[n¡p¶p. e£vansb Bhmln¡p¶p. Kmb{XnbpsS
OµÊv Kmb{XnbmWv. hnizman{X\mWv Ejn. khnXm
hmWv tZhX. AánbmWv apJw; {_Òmhv incÊv, hnjvWp
lrZbw; cp{Z³ inJ; ]rYnhntbm\n; {]mW³ A]m\³,
hym\³, DZm\³, kam\³, F ¶ ]{© mW§ Ä,
{]mWhmbp¡fmWv, shfp¯ \ndapffhbmWv, kmwJy
·mÀ¡v B{ibamb ]camßmhnsâ tlm{XamWv, Kmb
{Xn¡v Ccp]¯n\mev A£camWv. aq¶p ]mZ§fmWv,
AXv Bdp tImi§Ä tNÀ¶XmWv; A©v incÊpff
XmW; D]\b\¯nemWv AXnsâ D]tbmKw.
2. Hmw `qx Hmw `qhx Hmw kphx Hmw alx
Hmw P\x HmwX]x Hmw kXyw Hmw
XXv khnXqÀ htcWyw `Àt¤mtZhky [oaln
[ntbm tbm \x {]tNmZbmXv Hmamt]m
tPymXn ctkm arXw {_Ò `qÀ`phx kztcmw.
(Hmw `qtemIw, `phÀtemIw, kpIrXnIÄ Xmakn
¡p¶ kphÀtemIw, alXztadnb alÀtemIw, Iev]m´
c¯n ebn¨pt]mIp¶ P\§Ä ASp¯ Iev] ¯nÂ
BZyw sN¿p¶ Xt]mtemIw kXy\njvT·mÀ¡v B{i
bamb kXytemIw Chsb kw_Ôn¡p¶ hymlrXn.
{]Imicq]amb khnXmhnsâ htcWyamb (t{ijv Tw)
`À¤w (tXPÊv) R§Ä [ym\n¡p¶ bmsXmcphsâ
R§fpsS _p²nsb t{]cn¸n¡s«. ]rYnhnbnse Pew,
BZnXy\nse {]Imiw, ckw, AarXw, FÃmw {_Ò
amIp¶p. `qx `phx kphx Hmw aq¶p almhymlrXnIfpw
{_ÒamIp¶p.
A\phmIw ap¸¯nbmdv
1. D¯ta inJtc tZhn
{_mÒtWt`ym `y\pRvP mXm
KÑ tZhn bYmkpJw
 627

I CXv {InbIfpsS Ahkm\¯n hnkÀÖ\w 2. {Xnkp]À®abmNnXw {_mÒWmb ZZymXv K

sN¿p¶ kab¯v sNmÃp¶ a{´amWv. tZhnbmbKmb{Xn {_ÒlXymw hm GtX Lv\´n tb
{_mÒWÀ¡mbn ho­pw ho­pw hcphm³ k½Xn¡ {_mÒWm
s¸«hfmbn DXvI rjvSamb sImSpapSnbnÂ, `qanbnÂ,
kv{Xnkp]À®w ]Mvànw ]p\´n Hmw
]ÀhXincÊnÂ, P\n¨hfmb tZhn bYmkpJw Kan¨m
epw. (bmNn¡msX Xs¶ {XnkphÀ®a{´w {_mÒW\v
Zm\w sN¿Ww. Cu a{´w P]n¡p¶hÀ {_ÒlXym
2. kvXptXm am hcZm thZamXm ]m]s¯¡qSn \in¸n¡p¶p. GsXmcp {_mÒWÀ {Xnkp
{]tNmZb´o ]ht\ ZznPmXm hÀ® a{´w P]n¡p¶p, Ah³ tkmabmKw sNbvX^ew
Bbpx ]rYnhymw {ZhnWw {_ÒhÀ¨kw t\Sp¶p. Bbncwhsc Pe§sfbpw ip²oIcn¡p¶p.)
alyw ZXzm {]PmXpw {_ÒtemIw
A\phmIw ap¸¯nH³]Xv
(F¶m kvXpXn¡s¸«hfpw hcw Zm\w sN¿p¶
hfpw thZP\\nbw hmbphns\t¸mse {]tNmZ\acpfp¶ 1. {_Ò ta[bm a[p ta[b, {_Òtah
hfpw c­pØe¯p P\n¨hfpamb tZhn, `qanbn a[p ta[bm
F\n¡v BbpÊpw [\hpw thZ]T\w sIm­pff tXP 2. AZymt\m tZh khnXx
Êpw \evIn hninjvSamb {_lvatemI¯nte¡v t]mbm {]PmhÕmhoxku`Kw
epw.
]cm Zpxjzánbpw kph
A\phmIw ap¸¯n Ggv ({_Òw _p²niànsIm­v {]m]n¡s¸Sp¶p. a[p
(]cam\µw) ta[sIm­v {]m]n¡s¸Sp¶p. khnXm hmb
1. LrWnx kqcy BZntXym \ {]`m tZh, C¶v R§Ä¡p ]p{Xu{XmZnItfmSp IqSnb
hmXy£cw a[p £c´n cp{Zkw kXyw ku`mKyw X¶mepw, Zpxkz]v\w \in¸n¨mepw,
ssh X{Zkamt]m tPymXo ctkm arXw 3. hnizm\n tZh khnXpÀZpcXm\n ]cmkph
{_Ò `qÀ `phx kphtcmav bZv` {Zw X· Bkph
LrWn ({]ImiZmXm) kqcy³ (HmPÊp\ÂIp¶h³) (khnXrtZh FÃm ZpcnX§fpw \in¸n¡pI,
BZnXy³ {]fbL«¯n hnizw X¶neS¡p¶h³, bmsXm¶mtWm \aymbn«pffXv AXns\ F\n¡v X¶mepw.)
A£c³ (\milo\³) kz´w {]`sbt¸mse k©cn
¡p¶p. AXnsâ Pew tX³ t]mse a[pcambn HgpIp 4. a[phmXm EXmbtX a[p £c´n knÔhx
¶p. AXnsâ ckw kXyw Xs¶bmWv. Pew, {]Imiw, am[zoÀ\x kt´zmj[ox
ckkzcq]w, AarXkzcq]w C§s\bpffXmWv {_Òw (]cakXyw {]m]n¡m\m{Kln¡p¶h\v hmbp¡Ä
`qx `phx Hmw Cu aq¶phymlrXnIfpw Hm¦mchmNyamb B\µIc§fmIp¶p. \ZnIÄ B\µIcambn HgpIp¶p.
{_Òw Xs¶. \ap¡v Hmj[nIÄ B\µab§fmbn `hn¡s«.)

A\phmIw ap¸¯nsb«v 5. \[p\àaptXmjkn a[paXv]mÀ°nhw cPx

a[pZyuckvX p \ x ]nXm
{_tÒXp amw a[ptaXp amw {_Òtah
(cm{Xnbnepw {]`mX¯nepw B\µw `hn¡s«
a[ptaXp amw bmkvtX tkma{]Pm
`qanbnepff s]mSnbpw B\µZmbIamIs«. ]nXmhmb
htÕm `n
tZymhv \ap¡v B\µw \ÂIs«.)
tkm Alw Zpxkz]vt\l³ Zpcpjv jl
6. a[pamt¶m h\kv]XnÀa[pam³
bmkvtX tkma {]mWmkvXm³ Pptlman
AkvXp kqcyx
({_Òw Fs¶ {]m]n¡s«. ]cam\µw Fs¶ {]m]n am[zoÀKmthm `h´p \x
¡s«. {_Òw Xs¶bmIp¶ ]cam\µw Fs¶ {]m]n¡
s«. tkma (DamklnX\mbn inh) bmsXmcp A§bpsS (hr£w \ap¡v B\µIcambn¯ocs«. kqcy³
{]PIÄ Ahsc kw_Ôn¨v B Rm³ Ip«nbmIp¶p. B\µIc\mIs«. tKm¡Ä B\µZmbnIfmIs«.
Z p k z ] v \ § s f \ i n¸ n¡ p ¶ t Z h m , Z p x J § Ä 1. bmw ta[mw tZhKWmx ]nXÝm]mktX
\in¸n¨mepw tl tZhm, A§bpsS bmsXmcp {]mW§Ä Xbm amaZy ta[bmtá ta[mhn\w
Ahsb Rm³ A§bn tlman¡p¶p. Ipcp kzmlm
N P
 628
I (bmsXmcp _p²nsb tZh·mcpw ]nXr¡fpw D]kn
¡p¶p. AántZh Fs¶ B _p²ntbmSp tNÀ¡pI.
Fs¶ _p²nam\m¡pI.)
2. ta[mw ta hcpWm ZZmXp ta[maánx
{]Pm]Xnx
ta[man{µÝ hmbpÝ ta[mw [mXm ZZmXp
ta kzmlm
hcpW\pw {]Pm]Xncq]\pamb Aánbpw C{µ\pw
hmbphpw {_Òmhpw F\n¡v _p²n\ÂIpamdmIs«.
kzml
3. Xzw t\m tat[ {]Yam tKm`nctiz`ncmKln
Xzw kqcyky civankvXzw t\m Akn
bÚnbm
AÃtbm ta[tZhtX, BZyw R§Ä¡v tKm¡fpw
IpXncIfpw D­mIm\\p{Kln¡pI. kqcycivanIfmÂ
R§Ä¡p bmKw \S¯m³ klmbIambn¯ocpI.
4. ta[malw {]Yamw {_ÒWzXow {_ÒPpXm
arjv SpXmw
{]]oXmw {_ÒNmcn`nÀtZh\maht\ lpth
(BZyw {_Ò¯n \n¶v D­mbhfpw {_Ò¯mÂ
hfÀ¯s¸«hfpw alÀjnbm kv XpXbpw kÀhhym
]n\nbpw Bb ta[mtZhnsb Rm³ Blzm\w sN¿p¶p.
{_ÒNmcnIfmb tZhImcy \nÀhlW¯n\v Rm³
ià\mIs«.
5. bmw ta[mar`thm hnZpcymw¿mw
ta[makqcm hnZpx
Ejtbm `{Zmw ta[mw bmw hnZpkvXmw a¿m
thihnt\m hnZpx
(EXp¡Ä, tZh·mÀ, Akpc·mÀ, EjnIÄ ChÀ
A\p`hn¡p¶ _p²niàn F¶n Bthin¸n¡pI.)
6. bmarjtbm `qXIrtXm ta[mw
ta[mhnt\m hnZpx
Xbm amaZy ta[bmtá ta[mhn\pw IrWp
(`qX§sf \nÀ½n¡p¶hcpw _p²nam·mcpamb
ap\namÀ bmsXmcp ta[mtZhnsb Adnbp¶p, Aán tZh,
B _p²n F¶n Bthin¸n¡pI Fs¶ _p²nam\m
¡pI.)
7. ta[mw kmbw ta[mw {]mXÀt½[mw
am[yµn\w ]cn
ta[mw kqcyky civan`nÀ
hNkmthibm atl
N P
kmbw Ime¯nepw {]`mX¯nepw D¨bv¡pw B
K
ta[ F¶nep­mhs«. kqcyciva nIfm R§Ä¡v
AXn\v iànbp­mIs«.
A\phmIw \mev]Xv
1. {_Òta[hm a[pta[hm {_Òtha[p ta[hm
{_Òw _p²niànbm {]m]n¡s¸Sp¶p. ]ca
amb B\µw _p²niànsIm­v e`n¡p¶p. {_Òw
Xs¶bmWv a[p (]cam\µw) AXv _p²niànsIm­v
{]m]n¡s¸Sp¶p.
2. {_Òm tZhm\mw ]Zhox Iho\marjnÀ
hn{]mWmw alntjm arKmWmw tiyt\m
Kr{[mWmw kz[nXnÀ h\m\mw tkmaw
]hn{XatXyXntc`w
tZh·mcpsS a²y¯n {_Òhpw IhnIfpsS
a[y¯n ]ZhmIy{]amWÚ\pw _p²nam·mcpsS
a[y¯n Ejnbpw arK§fpsS a²y¯n t]m¯pw
IgpI·mcpsS a²y¯n ]cp´pw Bbp[§fpsS
a[y¯n ]ciphpw bmK§fpsS a²y¯n tkmabm
Khpw ]cnip²ambn i_vZ n¡p¶Xmbn kIeXns\bpw
AXnibn¡p¶p.
3. lwkxipNnjZzkpc´cn£kZvt lmXm
thZnjXYnÀZptcmWkXv \rjkZv hc
kZrXkXvthymakZ_vPm tKmPm EXPm
A{ZnPm EXw _rlXv
Ah³ BImi¯n {]tim`n¡p¶ kqcy\pw,
A ´co£ ¯ n Ignbp¶hmbphpw, `qanbnepff
Aánbpw, IpS§fnepff tkmackhpw a\pjycnÂ
IpSnsImffp¶h\pw, tZh·mcn hÀ¯n¡p¶h\pw,
bmK§fn tNÀ¶h\pw BImi¯n Dffh\pw
shff¯n P\n¨h\pw, `qanbn ]nd¶h\pw bmK
¯n \n¶v DZv`qXambh\pw ]ÀhX§fn P\n¨h\pw
kXyhpw al¯pamIp¶p.
4. EtN Xzmw cptN Xzm kanXv {kh´n
kcntXm \ t[\mx A´nÀlrZm a\km
]qbam\mx LrXky [mcmw A`nNmIioan
EtKzZmZnIfpsS Úm\¯n\v A§sb EtKzZ
cq]nbmbn k¦ev]n¨v NaXIsf Rm³ Aánbn tlman
¡p¶p. lrZb¯nsâ A´À`mK¯p \n¶v a\km tlman
¡s¸« ip²oIcn¨ s\¿nsâ [mcIÄ henb \ZnIsf
s¸se HgpIp¶p. F\n¡v Úm\w sIm­v {]Imin
¡m³ Ignbs«.
 629

I 5. lncWytbm thXtkm a[y Bkmw tl ta[mtZhn, AhnSps¯ A\p{Klw kn²n¨h³ K

Xkva n³ kp]Àt®m a[pIrXv
Ipembo `P¶mkvtX
a[ptZhXm`yx XkymktX
lcbx k]vXXotc
kz[mw Zplm\m AarXky [mcmw
B Blh\obmK\nbn Cu LrX[mcIfpsS
a[y¯n {]Imiam\\pw [\hm\pw IÀ½^eZmXmhpw
a\pjy lrZbamIp¶ IqSpIfn Ignbp¶h\pamb
{XnkphÀ®a{´§fm kvXpXn¡s¸Sp¶ ]camßmhv
tZhXIÄ¡v a[p (AarXv) hn`Pn¨p sIm­v \nesImffp
¶p. A hsâ k ao]w AarX[mcsb lhnÊmbn
tlman¡p¶hcpw ]m]lmcnIfpamb Ggpap\nIÄ
\nesImffp¶p.
alÀjnbmbn¯ocp¶p. AhnSps¯ A\p{Klw t\Sn
bhÀ {_mÒW\mbn `hn¡p¶p. `hXnbm A\pKrlo
X³ sFizcyk¼qÀ®\mIp¶p. `hXnbm A\pKrlo
X³ ]ehn[¯nepff [\w t\Sp¶p. AhnSp¶v R§sf
[\wsIm­v A\p{Kln¡pamdmIWta.
A\phmIw \mev]¯nc­v
1. ta[mw a Ct{µm ZZmXp ta[mw tZho kckzXo
ta[mx a Aizn\mhp`mhm[¯mw ]pjvIc {kPu
C{µ³ F\n¡v _p²niàn \ÂIpamdmIs«.
tZhnbmb kckzXn ta[( _p²niàn) \ÂIs«. Xmac
ameIÄ AWnª c­v Aizn\o tZh·mcpw F\n¡v
_p²nhnImkw \ÂIs«.

6. b CZw {Xnkp]À®abmNnXw {_mÒWmb 2. A]vkcmkp N bm ta[m

ZZymXv hoclXymw hm GtXLv\´n tb KÔÀtÆjp N b·\x
{_mÒWmkv{Xnkp]À®w ]m´n tX tkmaw ssZho ta[m kckzXo amw ta[m
{]m]v\ph´n Bkl{kmXv ]Mvànw kpc`nÀPpjXmw kzmlm
]p\´n Hmw A]vk cÊpIfn bmsXmcp _p²niànbpt­m,
KÔÀh·mcnepw bmsXmcp Nn´miànbpt­m thZm[n
bmNn¡msX Xs¶ {XnkphÀWa{´w {_mÒW\v jvTnXamb kckzXnbmb ta[ (_p²niàn) bmsXm¶m
Zm\w sN¿Ww. Cu a{´w P]n¡p¶hÀ {_ÒlXym]m] tWm B ta[ kuc`y]qÀ®ambn Fs¶ A\p{Kln¡p
s¯ IqSn XcWw sN¿p¶p. CXv sNmÃp¶ {_mÒWÀ¡v amdmIs«. kzmlm
tkmabmKw sNbvXXnsâ ^ew e`n¡p¶p. Hcp ]wàn
bn Bbncwt]sc AhÀ ip²oIcn¡p¶p. a{´tZh \mev]¯nc­mw A\phmIw Ignªp.
Xsb kXyt¯mSv AhÀ sFIyw {]m]n¡p¶p.
A\phmIw \mev]¯naq¶v
A\phmIw \mev]¯n H¶v 1. B amw ta[m kpc`nÀÆnizcq]m
1. ta[mtZho PpjamtWm BKmZv lncWyh˨m PKXo PKaym
hnizmNo `{Zm kpa\kyam\m DuÀÖkzXo ]bkm ]n\zam\m
Xzbm PpjvSm PpjamWm Zpcà³ kmw amw ta[m kp{]XoIm PpjXmw.
_rlZztZl hnZt[ kphocmx bmsXmcp ta[bmIp¶ tZhn kuc`y]qÀ®abpw
kÀhcq]§fpw tNÀ¶hfpw kzÀ® hÀ®t¯mSp
kIeXpw Adnbp¶hfpw awKfkzcq]bpw D¯a
IqSnbhfpw temI¯nemsI hym]n¨hfpw ]mepsIm­v
a\Êpffhfpw tkhn¡p¶hcn {]k¶bpamb ta[m
t]mjn¸n¡s¸Sp¶hfpw BWv, Bta[ kt´mj
tZhn R§fpsS ASp¯p hcs«. hcp¶Xn\p ap¼v ]qÀhw Fs¶ A\p{Kln¡pamdmIs«,
ZpjvShm¡pIÄ D]tbmKn¨ncp¶ R§Ä \n¶mÂ
A\p{KloXcmbn. Úm\w t\Sn hoc·mcmb k´m\§ \mev]¯naq¶mw A\phmIw Ignªp.
tfmSpw injy·mtcmSpw IqSn ]ca kXys¯ ]dbp-
amdmIWw. A\phmIw \mev]¯n\mev
2. Xzbm PpjvS EjnÀ`hXn tZhn 1. abn ta[mw abn {]Pmw a¿ánkvt XtPm
Z[mXp
Xzbm {_ÒmKX{iocpX Xzbm
abn ta[mw abn {]Pmw abo{µ
Xzbm PpjvSÝn{Xw hnµtX hkp C{µnbw Z[mXp
km t\m Ppjkz {ZhntW\ tat[ abn ta[mw abn {]Pmw abn kqtcym
{`mtPm Z[mXp.

N P
 630
I AántZh³ F¶n ta[sbÃmw kXv k´Xn
sbbpw, thZ]T\¯mepff tXPÊns\bpw \ÂIpamdm
Is«, C{µ³ F¶n _p²niànsbbpw D¯ank´m
\§sfbpw \ÂIs«. F¶n kqcy³ _p²niànbpw
]p{Xk¼¯pw i{Xp¡Ä¡v `bw \ÂIm³ t]m¶
HmPÊns\bpw hÀ±n¸n¡s«.
\mev]¯n\memw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw \mev]¯nb©v
1. Ass]Xp arXypcarXw \ BK³
sshhkztXm t\m A`bw IrtWmXp
]˨w h\kv]tXcnhm`n \x iobXmw
cbnx kNXmw \x iNo]Xnx
acWw Zqsc t]mIm\nShcs«. acWanÃm¯ AhØ
R§Ä¡v D­mIpamdmIs«. kqcy]p{X\mb ba³
\ap¡v A`bacpfs«. \½psS ]m]§Ä hr£¯nse
CeIsf¶t]mse Npäpw hoWp\in¡pamdmIs«. iNo
]Xnbmb C{µ³ R§Ä¡v [\w hÀ²am\am¡nsN¿s«.
\mev]¯nb©mw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw \mev]¯nbmdv
1. ]cw artXym A\p]tcln ]Ùmw
bkvtX kz CXtcm tZhbm\mXv
N£pjv atX irWztX tX {_hoan
am \x {]Pmw cocotjm tamX hocm³.
AÃtbm arXytZh tZhbm\¯n \n¶v aäpff
A§bpsS bmsXmcp ]Ùmhpt­m. A\yamb B ]Ùm
hneqsS (amÀ¤w) aS§nt¸mbmepw, ImWphm³ Ignbp
¶h\pw, tIÄ¡phm³ Ignbp¶h\pw Bb A§tbmSv
Rm³ ]dbp¶p. R§fpsS {]PIsf \in¸n¡m³ CSbm
IcpXv. hoc·mcmbhscbpw \in¸n¡m³ CSsImSp¡cpXv.
\mev]¯nbmdmw A\phmIw Ignªp
A\phmIw \mev]¯ntbgv
1. hmXw {]mWw a\kzm\zc`matl
{]Pm]Xnw tbm `ph\ky tKm]mx
k t\m artXymkv{XmbXmw ]mXzwltkm
tPymKvPohm Pcmaioaln.
bmsXmcp {]Pm]Xn `ph\¯nsâ tKm]³(c£³)
BWv A§s\bpff hmX¯ns\m¸w {]hÀ¯n¨p
sIm­ncn¡p¶h\pw {]mWs\t¸mse B´cnIambn
\nesImffp¶h\pamb {]Pm]Xn (Cuizc³) tbmSv
R§Ä \nc´cw {]mÀ°n¡p¶p. At±lw R§sf
N P
acW¯n \n¶v c£n¡pamdmIs«. DPzeamb PohnXw
K
\bn¨psIm­v R§Ä¡v hmÀ²IyImehpw A\p`hn¡m
\nShcs«. \mev]¯ntbgmw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw \mev]¯nsb«v
1. Aap{X`qbmZY bZyaky
_rlkv] tX A`nikvtXcap©x
{]XyulXmaizn\m arXypakva
tZhm\matá `njPm iNo`nx
AÃtbm _rlkv ] Xn. (]camßmhv ) ba\nev
\n¶pff `b¯n \n¶pw A`nikvXn (A]hmZw) bnÂ
\n¶pw ]ns¶ ]ctemIbm{Xbn \n¶pw R§sf
tamNn¸n¨mepw. tl Atá tZh·mcpsS sshZy·mcmb
Aizn\o tZhIÄ R§fn \n¶v IÀa iànbmÂ
acWs¯ amän \nÀ¯s«.
\mev]¯nsb«mw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw \mev]¯nsbm¼Xv
1. lcnw lc´w b´n tZhm hniztkyim\w
hrj`waXo\mw
{_Òkcq]a\ptaZamKmZb\w am hnh[oÀ
Æn{Iakz
temI¯nsâ \mY\pw _p²nam·mcnev {]apJ\pw
`à·mcpsS ]m]w A]lcn¡p¶h\pw Bb lcnsb
tZh·mÀ A\pKan¡p¶p ({_ÒXpeyw) Cu Ab\s¯
(amÀ¤w) F\n¡v A\pKan¡phm³ km[n¡pamdmIs«.
\in¸n¡cptX. AXn\v Fs¶ klmbn¨mepw.
\mev]s¯m¼Xmw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw A¼Xv
1. ievs sIcánanÔm\ D`u temIu kt\alw
D`tbmÀtemItbmÀ E[zmXn arXypw
Xcmaylw.
iev¡§sfs¡m­v (hndIv) Aánsb CÔm\\mbn
(Pzen¸n¡p¶h³) Rm³ c­p temI§sfbpw {]m]n
¡p¶p. c­p temI§fpsS E²n (kar²n) sIm­v Rm³
arXyphns\ AXn{Ian¡p¶p.
A¼Xw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw A¼¯nsbm¶v
1. am OntZm artXym am h[oÀ½m ta _ew
hnhrtlm am {]tamjox
{]Pmw amta cocnj Bbpcp{K
\rN£m hnt[a.
 631

I D{K\mb artXym(acWta) apdn¡cptX; h[n¡cptX, `hn¡tW. R§Ä cbnIfpsS (k¼¯v) ]XnIfmbn `hn K
Fsâ _ew \in¸n¡cptX, FSp¯v \jvSam¡cptX, ¡pamdmItW.
Fsâ k´m\§sfbpw BbpÊns\bpw D]{Zhn¡cpXv.
A¼¯n\memw A\phmIw Ignªp.
ZrN£Êmb (a\pjysc F¶pw t\m¡n¡mWp¶p.)
A§sb lhnÊpsIm­v R§Ä tkhn¡s«. A\phmIw A¼¯nb©v
A¼s¯m¶mw A\phmIw Ignªp. 1. kzkv XnZm hnikv]XnÀhrXlm
hnart[m hio
A\phmIw A¼¯nc­v hrtj{µx ]pc GXp \x kzkvX nZm A`b¦cx
1. am t\m al´apX am t\m AÀ`Iw kzkvXn`mcw (awKfZmbI³) hnikv]Xnbpw (P\c
am \ D£´apX am \ D£nXw £I³) hrXlmbpw (hrXs\ sIm¶h³) hnar[§fnÂ
am t\m h[ow ]nXcw tamX amXcw (bp²w) hinbpw (Pzen¡p¶h³) hrjmhpw (hÀjw
Xcp¶h³ A`bIc\pw (A`bw \ÂIp¶h³ Bb
{]nbm am \kvX\pthm cp{Z cocnjx C{µ³ R§fpsS ap¶n hcpamdmIs«.
AÃtbm cp{Z, R§fpsS alm\mbhs\ h[n¡cpXv,
A¼¯nb©mw A\phmIw Ignªp.
am{Xaà R§fpsS AÀ`Is\ (Ip«n) h[n¡cpXv.
R§fnepff D£s\ (bphmhv) h[n¡cpXv. R§fpsS
A\phmIw A¼¯mdv
D£nXs\ (KÀ`Øinip) h[n¡cpXv. R§fpsS
]nXmhns\ h[n¡cpXv. amXmhns\bpw h[n¡cpXv. 1. {Xyw_Iw bPmatl kpKÔnw
R§fpsS {]nbs¸« X\ph§sfbpw (icocw) \in¸n ]pjvSnhÀ²\w
¡cpXv. DÀÆmcpIanh _Ô\m·rtXymÀ
ap£ob amarXmXv
A¼¯nc­mw A\phmIw Ignªp.
kpKÔapffh\pw ]rjvSnhÀ²\w Bb {Xyw_I
A\phmIw A¼¯naq¶v. \mb (ap¡®³) inh³ R§Ä bPn¡p¶p. _Ô\
¯n \n¶v shffcn¡sb¶t]mse arXyphn \n¶v
1. am \kvtXmI X\tb am \ Bbpjn
R§Ä apà\mbn¯ocs«. AarX¯n \n¶v (tam£w)
am t\m tKmjp am t\m Atizjp cocnjx apàcmIm\nShccpXv.
hocm³ am t\m cp{Z `mantXm h[o
A¼¯mdmw A\phmIw Ignªp.
ÀlhnjvSt´m \akm hnt[a tX.
AÃtbm cp{Z, R§fpsS imI§fnÂ(a¡Ä) A\phmIw A¼¯ntbgv
X\b·mcn (a¡fpsS a¡Ä) \miw sN¿cpXv. Bbp
1. tb tX kl{kabpXw ]mim
Ênepw AcpXv. R§fpsS tKm¡fnÂ, IpXncIfnÂ,
\miw sN¿mXncn¡pI, `manX\mbn (tIm]n¨h³) artXym aÀ¯ymb l´th.
R§fpS hoc·msc h[n¡cptX, At§bv¡v lhnÊv Xm³ bÚky ambbm
AÀ¸n¡p¶hcmbn \akvIcn¡mw. kÀÆm\hbPmatl.
A¼¯naq¶mw A\phmIw Ignªp. arXyp tZth, aÀ¯ysc l\n¡p¶h\mbn At§
bv¡ v bmsXmcp Bbnctam, ]Xn\mbnctam ]mi§Ä
A\phmIw A¼¯n\mev Dt­m AhsbÃmw bÚ¯nsâ ambbm R§Ä
1. {]Pm]tX \ XztZXm\yt\ym hnizm \in¸n¡ p¶p. (bÚ w k wkv ¡ mcnI ZpxJ§ Ä
AIem\pw tam£¯nap]Icn¡p¶p.)
PmXm\n ]cn Xm _`qh
bXv ImamkvtX PqlpakvXt¶m AkvXp A¼¯ntbgmw A\phmIw Ignªp.

hbw kyma ]Xtbm cboWmw.

AÃtbm {]Pm]tX, C¡mWp¶ P\n¨ FÃm ]ZmÀ
°§fpw A§bn \n¶v A\y§fÃ. Ah ]cm`hw
{]m]n¨p. bmsXmcpImat¯mSp IqSntbm (B{Klw)
At§bv¡v R§Ä tlmaw sN¿p¶ AXv R§Ä¡v
A\phmIw A¼¯nsb«v
1. arXypth kzmlm, arXypth kzmlm
arXyphn\mbn CXv kaÀ¸n¡p¶p; arXyphn¶mbn
CXv kaÀ¸n¡p¶p. A¼¯nsb«mw A\phmIw Ignªp.

N P
 632
I A\phmIw A¼¯nsbm¼Xv
1. tZhIrXssky\tkm hbP\akn
kzmlm. a\pjyIrXssky\tkm hbP\
akn kzmlm. BßmIrXssky\tkm hbP
\akn kzmlm.BßIrXssky\tkm hb
P\akn kzmlm. A\yIrXssky\tkm h
bPa\kn kzmlm. AkvaXv IrXssky
\tkm hbP\akn kzmlm. b±nhm N
\àw ssN\ÝIra Xky AhbP\akn
kzmlm. bXv kz]´Ý Pm{KXssÝ\Ý
Ira XkymhbP\akn kzmlm bXv
kpjp]vXÝ Pm{KXssÝ\ÝIra
Xkymhb
P\akn kzmlm. bZv hnZzmwkÝm
hnZzmwkssÝ\ÝIra XkymhbP\akn
kzmlm. G\k G\tkm hbP\akn
kzmlm.
tZh·msc DtZin¨v sNbvXn«pff IÀ½§fnep­m
bn«pff ]m]¯nsâ Ahb P\amWv (\mi³) BWv
A§v, a\pjysc Dt±in¨v sNbvX n«pffXv, ]nXr¡sf
Dt²in¨pw sNbvXXv. A\yÀ¡pth­n sNbvXv R§Ä
¡pth­n sNbvXXv. Cu IÀ½§fnepff G\Ênsâ
(]m]w) AhbP\amIp¶p. (hn\miI³) A§v ]Iepw
cm{Xnbnepw bmsXmcp G\Êv (]m]w) R§Ä sNbvXpthm
AXnsâ hn\miI\pamW§v. Dd§pt¼mgpw DWÀ¶ncn
¡pt¼mgpw bmsXmcp]m]w R§Ä sNbvXn«pt­m,
Adnhpffhcmbn«pw (AdnªpsImt­m) AdnhnÃm¯
hcmbn«pw (AdnbmsXtbm) GtXsXÃmw ]m]w sNbvXn
«pt­m AsXÃmw \in¸n¡p¶hm\mWv A§v. At§
bv¡v kzmlm.
(]camßmhns\ Aán kzcq]\mbn Iev]n¨v bmKm
ánbn s\¿v tlman¡phm³ sNmtí a{´§fmWv.)
A\phmIw Adp]Xv
1. bZvt hm tZhmÝIra Pnlzbm Kpcp
a\tkm hm {]bpXn tZhtlU\w
Acmthm tbm t\m A`n ZpivOp\mbtX
Xkvan³ XtZt\m hkthm \nt[X\ kzmlm.
AÃtbm tZh·msc, AÃtbm hkp¡sf PnlzsIm
t­m (\m¡v) a\Êv sImt­m {]bpXn ({]hr¯n)
sImt­m \n§Ä¡v bmsXmcp tZhtlU\w (tZh·mcpsS
t\À¡pff Aham\w) sNbvX n«pt­m bmsXmcmÄ
R§fpsS t\À¡v i{Xp`mh¯n D]{Zhw sN¿p¶p,
N P
Ah\n \n¶v B ]m]s¯ amänbmepw,
K
Adp]Xmw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw Adp]¯n H¶v
1. Imtam ImÀjo¶tam \ax Imtam Im
ÀjoXv, Imax ItcmXn \mlw Imtam Im
IÀ¯m \mlw IÀ¯m, Imax
ImcbnXm \mlw
ImcbnXm, Gj tX ImaImamb kzmlm.
ImaamWv sNbvXv. \akvImcw, kakvImcw kIe
tZh·mÀ¡pw \akvImcw. Ima³ sN¿p¶p. Rm³ sN¿p
¶nÃ. Ima\mWv IÀ¯mhv. Ima\mWv sN¿n¡p¶h³.
Rm³ sN¿n¡p\hÃ. ImaIma\mb (kpµckzcq]³)
At§bv¡v CXm BlpXn kaÀ¸n¡p¶p.
Adp]¯nsbm¶mw A\phImw Ignªp.
A\phmIw Adp]¯nc­v
1. a\yqcImÀjo¶tam \ax a\yqcImÀjoXv
a\ypx ItcmXn \mlw Itcman, a\yqx IÀ¯m
\mlw IÀ¯m,a\yqx ImcbnXm \mlw Imc
bnXm, Gj tX at\ym a\yth kzmlm.
a\yq (tIm]w) BWv sNbvXXv. \akvI mcw. \a
kvImcw, tIm]w sN¿p¶p; Rm³ sN¿p¶nÃ. tIm]amWv
IÀ¯mhv; Rm³ IÀ¯mhà tIm]amWv sN¿n¡p¶Xv.
Rm\Ã. AÃtbm tIm]ta, \n\¡p Rm³ BlpXn
kaÀ¸n¡p¶p.
Adp]¯nc­mw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw Adp]¯naq¶v
1. Xnem³ Pqtlman kckm³ k]njvSm³
KÔmc aaNnt¯ ca´p kzmlm.
2. KmÀthm lncWyw [\a¶]m\w
kÀtÆjmw {inbw kzmlm
3. {inbw N e£va nw N ]pjvSnwN IoÀ¯nw
Nm\rWyXmw. _mÒWyw _lp]n{XXmw.
{i²mtat[{]Pmx k ZZmXp kzmlm.
AÃtbm KmÔmc (D¯aKpW§Ä XnIª ]cam
ßmth) kck§fpw (ckapff) khnjvS§fpw (Ac¨)
Bb XneI§sf (Fffv) Rm³ tlman¡p¶p. A§bpsS
KpW§Ä Fsâ a\Ên tim`n¡s«. tKm¡¡Ä
lncWyw (kzÀ®w) [\w A¶]m\e£v a nsbbpw
]rjvSnsbbpw IoÀ¯nsbbpw A\rWyXsbbpw (ISan
 633
I Ãm¯ AhØ) {_ÒtXPÊns\bp _lp ]p{XXzs¯
bpw {i²sbbpw ta[sbbpw {]PIsfbpw (k´m\w)
A{Zlw (B ]c{_Òw) \ÂIpamdmIs«.
Adp]¯naq¶mw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw Adp]¯n\mev
1. Xnemx IrjvWmkvXnemx
tizXmkvXnemx tkymaym
him\pKmx Xnemx ]p\´p ta ]m]w bXv
In©nXv ZpcnXw abn kzmlm
Xne§Ä (Idp¯ Fffv), shfp¯ Fffv, tkma
§fmb Xne§Ä(BtcmKyIcamb Fffv), him\pK
§fmb Xne§Ä (Fsâ hi¯nepff) Fsâ ]m]s¯
bpw F¶n GX¦nepw ]m]aps­¦n AXns\bpw
F¶n Fs´¦nepw ZpcnXaps­¦n AXns\bpw
F¶n Fs´¦nepw ZpcnXaps­¦n AXns\bpw
ip²oIcn¡s«. (CXv Fffv tlman¡pt¼mÄ sNmÃm\pff
a{´amWv)
2. tNmckym\w \h{im²w {_Òlm
KpcpXev ]Kx
tKmkvtXbw kpcm]m\w {`qWlXym
Xnemim´nw
iab´p kzmlm.
tNmcsâ (tamjvSmhv) `£Ww Ign¨Xp sIm­p­mb
]m]w, ASp¯ L«¯n acn¨ hyànbpsS {im²¯nÂ,
`£Ww Ign¨Xp sIm­p­mb ]m]w {_ÒlXy aqew
D­mb ]m]w, Kpcphnsâ `mcysb {]m]n¨Xp sIm­p
­mb ]m]w, tKm¡sf tamjvSn¨Xp sIm­p­mb ]m]w,
aZyw Ign¨XpsIm­p­mb ]m]w, {`qWlXy (KÀ`Ø
iniphns\ sIm¶Xnepff ]m]w) Chbvs ¡Ãmw Cu
XneI§Ä (FÅv) im´nbp­m¡pamdmIs«.
3. {ioÝ e£vaoÝ ]pjvSnÝ IoÀ¯nw
Nm\rWyXmw
{_ÒWyw _lp]p{XXmw. {i²mta[
{]Úm Xp
PmXthZx kwZZmXp kzmlm.
{iosbbpw e£vansbbpw, ]pjvSnsbbpw, IoÀ¯nsb
bpw, EWapàmhØsbbpw, {_mÒWys¯bpw, _lp
]p{XXsbbpw, {i²Xsbbpw _p²nsbbpwPmXthZÊv
(AántZh³) \ÂIpamdmIs«.
Adp]¯n\memw A\phmIw Ignªp.
N P
A\phmIw Adp]¯nb©v K
1. {]mWm]m\hymt\mZm\kam\m ta ip[y´w
tPymXnclw hncPm hn]m]vam `qbmkw kzmlm
{]mW³, A]m\³, hym\³, DZm\³, ka\³, Ch
AWp {]mW§fpw, Fs¶ kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw ip²§
fmbn¯ocs«. ]camß henjbIamb {]Imiw F¶nÂ
D­mIpamdmIs«.
2. hmMva\Ý£px t{im{XPnlzm{LmWtctXm
_p²ymIqXnx k¦ev]m ta ip²y´mw
tPymXnclw
hncPm hn]m]vam `qbmkw kzmlm
hm¡v, a\Êv, N£pÊv, t{im{Xw, Pnlz, {LmWw,
tXPÊv, _p²n, BIqXn, (Nn´), k¦ev]w ChsbÃmw
]cnip²§fmbn¯ocs«. Rm³ ctPmKpWw CÃm¯h
\mbn ]m]w CÃm¯h\mbn `hn¡pamdmIs«.
3. XzIvNÀ½mamwkcp[nctatZm aÖmkv\mbthm
Øo\n ta ip[y´mw tPymXnclw hncPm
hn]m]vam`qbmkw. kzmlm.
Fsâ sXmen, tXmev, amwkw, càw, ta[Êv, aÖ,
sRc¼pIÄ, AØnIÄ FÃmw ip²ambn¯ocs«. Rm³
ctPmKpWhpw ]m]hpw CÃm¯h\mbn Cuizckm£m
Xv¡mcw {]m]n¡pamdmIs«.
4. incx ]mWn]mZ]mÀizrjvtTmcqZcPwLm
inivt\]Ø]mbthm ta iq[y´mw tPmXn
alw hncPm hn]m]vam `qbmkw kzmlm
Fsâ incÊv, ]mWnIÄ, ]mZ§Ä, ]mÀiz§Ä,
]rjvT`mKw, Ducp¡Ä (XpS), PwL (IW¦mÂ) iniv\w,
D]cØw, aeZzmcw ChsbÃmw ip²§fmbn¯ocs«.
Rm³ ctPmKpWhpw ]m]hpw CÃm¯h\mbn ]camß
kzcq]amIs«.
5. D¯njvT ]pcpj lcnX ]nwKf temlnXm£
tZln tZln ZZm]bnXm ta ip[y´mw tPymXn
clw hncPmhn]m]vam `qbmkw kzmlm
lcnX \ndhpw (]¨) ]nwKf\ndhpw (aª) Dffh
\pw, temlnXm£\pambiv (Nph¶I®pff) ]pcpj
Fgpt¶ämepw. F\n¡v hnip²n \ÂItW. F\n¡v
Úm\ ZmXmhmbn XoÀ¡tW.
Adp]¯nb©mw A\phmIw Ignªp
A\phmIw Adp]¯n Bdv
1. ]rYnhy]vtXtPm hmbpcmImim ta ip[y´mw
tPymXnclw hncPm hn]m]vam `qbmkw kzmlm
 634

I Fsâ icoc¯n\v tlXp`qX§fmb ]rYnhn, 9. £pXv]n]mkmaew tPyjvTmae£vaoÀ K

A¸pIÄ, tXPÊv , hmbp, BImiw, F¶nh ]cnip²
§fmIs«. Rm³ ctPmKpWhpw ]m]hpw \in¨v Cuizc
\pambn sFIyw {]m]n¡pamdmIs«.
2. i_vZ kv]Àicq]kKÔm ta iq[y´mw
tPymXnclw hncPm hn]m]vam
`qbmkcw kzmlm
Fsâ icoc¯n\v tlXp`qX§fmb ]©`qX§fpw
i_vZw, kv]Àiw, cq]w, KÔw F¶nhbpw ]cnip²§fpw
i_vZw, kv]Àiw, cq]w, KÔw, F¶nhbpw, ]cnip²§fm
Is« Rm³ ctPmKpWhpw ]m]hpw \in¨h\mbn`hn¡p
amdmIs«.
\mibmaylw
A{`pXnakr²nw N kÀÆm¶nÀ®pZ ta
]m]vam\w kzmlm
hni¸pw ZmlhpamIp¶ aes¯bpw tPyjvT F¶
t]cn Adnbs¸Sp¶ Ae£va nsbbpw A`qXnsbbpw
(sFizcyanÃmbv a) Akar²nsbbpw FÃmw \in¸n¡p
¶p. Fsâ ]m]s¯ \in¸n¨mepw
10. A¶ab {]mWabat\mab hnÚm\ab
am\µabamßm ta ip[y´mw tPymXnclw
hncPm hn]m]vamam `qbmkw kzmlm

3. at\mhm¡mbIÀ½mWn ta ip[y´mw A¶abw, {]mWabw, at\mabw, hnÚm\abw,

B\µabw F¶ A©p tImi§tfmSp IqSnb Fsâ
tPymXnclw hncPm hn]m]vam `qbmkw kzmlm
ip²ambn Rm³ sFIyw {]m]n¡pamdmIs«.
Fsâ a\Êv, hm¡v icocw Ch sIm­p sNbvXn«pff
IÀ½§sfÃmw ip²ambn¯ocs«. Rm³ ]c{_Òhpambn A\phmIw Adp]¯ntbgv
GIo`hn¡m\nShcs«.
1. Atátb kzmlm. hntizt`ym tZhth`yx
4. Ahyà`msshcl¦msscx kzmlm. {[phmb `qamb kzmlm, {[ph
PyXnclw hncPm hn]m]vam `qbmkw kzmlm. £nXtb kzmlm. ANypX£nXtb kzmlm,
`Khms\, A§bpsS Ir]bm hyàamI¯ Aátb kzjvSIrtX kzmlm. [À½mb
`mh§tfmSpIqSn Al¦mcmZnIfn \n¶v hnapà\mbn kzmlm, A[À½mb kzmlm. AZv`yx
ctPmKpWhpw ]m]hpw \in¨v Rm³ ]camßmhpambn
kzmlm, Hmj[nh\kv]Xn`yx kzmlm.
sFIyw {]m]n¡s«.
ct£mtZhZt\`yx kzmlm. Ahkm\
5. Bßm ta ip[y´mw
]Xn`yx kzmlm. kÀÆ`qtX`yx kzmlm.
tPymXnclw hncPm hn]m]vam `qbkw kzmlm
Imamb kmlm. A´cn£mb kzmlm.
Fsâ Bßmhv ip±ambn¯ocs«. Rm³ tPymXn btZPXn PKXn A´cn£mb kzmlm.
ÊmWv. ctPmKpWclnX\pw ]m]clnX\pambn Rm³
`tKmbw \mavt\ kzmlm. ]rYnsshy
Xocphm\nShcs«.
kzmlm. A´cn£mb kzmlm. Znth
6. A´cmßm ta ip[y´mw
kzmlm. kqcymb kzmlm. N{µatk
tPymXnclw hncPm hn]m]vam `qbmkw kzmlm
kzmlm. \£t{X`yx kzmlm. C{µmatk
Fsâ ]camßmhv ip²oIrXambn¯ocs« cmtPmKp kzmlm. {_lkv]Xtb kzmlm. {]Pm]Xtb
Whpw ]m]hpw \in¨v Rm³ tPymXnx kzcq]\mb
kzmlm. {_ÒtW kzmlm.kz[m ]nXr`yx
]camßmhn hnebw sImffpamdmIs«.
kzmlm. \tam cp{Zmb ]ip]Xtb kzmlm.
8. £pt[ kzmlm. £pXv]n]mkmb kzmlm
tZth`yx kzmlm. ]nXr`yx kz[mkvXp `qtX
hnhnss«y kzmlm. Kzn[m\mb kzmlm
t`ym \ax a\ptjyt`ym l´m. {]Pm]Xtb
ItjmXvImb kzmlm. (Hmw kzmlm.)
kzmlm. ]ctajvTnt\ kzmlm.
hni¸nsâ A[jvTm\tZhXbpÀkzml. hni¸n
1. A á n, 2. h ni zt Zh · m À, 3 . im iz Xa mb
sâbpw Zml¯ntâbpw A[njvTm\ tZhXIÄ¡v kzmlm
{[ph\£{Xw, 4. alÛqamhv , 5. {[phØm\w, 6.
kÀhhym]nbmb ]camßmhn\v kzmlm. E¡pIsf
\miclnXamb `qan, 7. BPykaÀ¸nXamb Aán, 8.
hn[m\m sNbvXn«pff tZhXbv¡v kzmlm. krjvSn¡s¸«
[À½w, 9. A[À½w, 10 Pew, 11. Hmj[nIÄ, hr£§Ä,
hbpsS kwc£W¯n XXv]c\mb tZhXbv¡v kzmlm.
12. c£ÊpIÄ tZh·mÀ, 13. KrlIÀ½NmcnIÄ, 14.

N P
 635
I Krl]cn[nbnepff tZh·mÀ, 15. B tZh·mcpsS
\mbI·mÀ, 16. kÀh`qX§Ä, 17. Ima³, 18. A´co£w,
19. temIIÀ½\maw, 20. ]rYnhn, 21. A´co£w.
22. BImiw, 23. kqcy³, 24. N{µ³, 25. \£{X§Ä,
26. E£§Ä, 27. C{µ³, 28. _rlkv]Xn, 29. {]Pm]Xn,
30. {_Òmhv, 31. ]nXr¡Ä, 32. ]ip]Xnbmbcp{Z³,
33. tZh·mÀ, 34. ]nXr¡Ä, 35. `qX§Ä, 36. a\pjyÀ,
37. {]Pm]Xn, 38. ]ctajv Tn ChÀs¡Ãmw {]XyIw
kzmlm F¶p sNmÃn s\¿v tlman¡pI.
2. bYm Iq]x iX[mcx kl{k[mtcm A£nXx
Ghm ta AkvXp [m\yw kl{k[mc a£nXw
[\[mss\y kzmlm.
\qdpw [mcItfmSpIqSnbXpw Bbncw [mcItfmSp
IqSnbXpw, £bn¡m¯Xpamb InWdv F{]Imcw,
A{]Imcw F\n¡v Bbncw [mcItfmSpIqSnbXpw A£
Xhpamb cm\yw `hn¡s«. [\[m\ntZhX¡v kzmlm.
3. tb `qXmx {]Nc´n Znhm\àw
_enan¨t´m hnXpZky t{]£ymx
tXt`ym _enw ]pjvSnImtam lcman
abn ]pjvSnw ]pjvSn]XnÀZ[mXpw kzmlm.
hnXpZsâ (in£ \ÂIp¶ cp{Z³) t{]£y·mÀ
(`rXy·mÀ) _ensb B{Kln¡p¶hcmbn cmhpw ]Iepw
k©cn¡p¶p. AhÀ¡p ]pjvSnsb B{Kln¡p¶ Rm³
_ensIm­phcp¶p ]pjvSn]Xn(]pjvSnbpsS \mY³)
F\n¡v ]pjvSn \ÂIpamdmIs«.
Adp]¯ntbgmw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw Adp]¯nsb«v
1. Hmw XZv {_Òw Hmw XZv hmbpx Hmw XZmßm.
Hmw XXv kXyw. XXv kÀÆw. Hmw XXv
]ptcmÀ \ax
Hmw AXv {_ÒamIp¶p. Hmw AXv hmbp]mIp¶p.
Hmw AXv BßmhmIp¶p. Hmw AXv kXyamIp¶p. Hmw
A\y. kÀhamIp¶p Hmw. B]camßmhn\v \akvImcw.
2. Hmw A´ÝcnXn {`ptXjp Kplmbmw
hnizaqÀ¯njp
Xzw bÚkvXzw hjvSImckvXzan{µkvXzw
cp{ZkvXzw
hnjvWpkvXzw {]Pm]Xnx Xzw XZm]
Bt]m tPymXo ctkm arXw {_Ò`qÀ`phx
kphtcm.
FÃm aqÀ¯nItfmSpw IqSnb PohnIfn Hm¦mccq]n
bmb B {_Òw lrZbm´À`mK¯v hÀ¯n¡p¶p.
N P
]camßmth, A§v bÚamWv, hjvSImcamWv, C{µ\m K
Ip¶p, cp{Z\mIp¶p, hnjvWphmIp¶p, {_ÒmhmIp¶p,
{]Pm]XnbmIp¶p. \ZnIfnse PeamIp¶p, kap{Z¯nse
PeamIp¶p, kqcy³ XpS§nb tPymXnÊpIfmIp¶p,
a[pcw apXembh ckamIp¶p, A§v AarXamIp¶p,
thZamIp¶p, `qtemIhpw `phÀtemIhpw kphÀtemIhpw
A§pXs¶bmIp¶p.
Adp]¯nsb«mw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw Adp]¯n H¼Xv
1. {i²mbmw {]mtW \nhnjvtSm arXw Pqtlman.
{i²mbma]mt\ \nhnjvtSm arXw Pqtlman
{i²mbmw hymt\ \nhnjvtSm arXw Pqtlman
{i²mbmapZmt\ \nhnjvtSm arXw Pqtlman
{i²mbmw kamt\ \nhnjvtSm arXw Pqtlman.
{_ÒWn a BßmarXXzmb.
Rm³ {i²bn {]mW\n AarXw kaÀ¸n¡p¶p.
Rm³ {i²bn A]m\\n AarXw kaÀ¸n¡p¶p.
Rm³ {i²bn hym\\n AarXw kaÀ¸n¡p¶p. Rm³
{i²bn DZm\\n AarXw kaÀ¸n¡p¶p. Rm³
{i ² b n k a m \ \ n A a r X w k a À¸ n¡ p ¶ p .
AarXXz¯n\mbn (tam£w) Fsâ Bßmhv {_Ò¯nÂ
GIo`hn¡s«.
2. AartXm]kvX cWakn
`£Ww Bcw`n¡p¶Xn\pap¼v shffsaSp¯v
BNan¡pt¼mÄ sNmtí a{´w \o AarXamb A¶
{_Ò¯n\v hkv{ XamIp¶p (Pes¯ A¶{_Òs¯
aqSp¶ hkv{Xambn k¦ev]n¡s¸Sp¶p.)
3. {i²bmw {]mtW \nhnjvtSmarXw
Pqtlman inthm am hniz{]Zmlmb, {]m
Wmb kzmlm. {i²mbma]mt\ \nhnjvtSm
arXw Pqtlman. inthm am hnim{]Zmlmb.
A]m\mb kzmlm. {i²mbmw hymt\
\nhnjvtSmarXw Pqtlman inthm am hnim
{]Zmlmb. hym\mb kzmlm. {i²mbmw
DZmt\ \nhnjvtSmarXw Pqtlman. inthm am
hnizm{]Zmlmb DZm\mb kzmlm. {i²m
bmw kamt\ \nhnjvtSm arXw Pqtlman
inthm am hnim{]Zmlmb. DZm\mb kzm
lm. {i²mbmw kamt\ \nhnjvtSmarXw
Pqtlman. inthm am hniz{]Zmlmb. kam
\mb kztlm {_ÒWn a BßarXXzmb.
 636
I {i²bn {]mW\n \nhnjvSambn Aars¯ Rm³
tlman¡p¶p. awKfambnXoÀ¶v Zln¸n¡p¶Xn\mbn
F¶nte¡v {]thin¨mepw. {]mW\mbn kzmlm.
A]m\\mbn kzmlm, hym\\\mbn kzmlm. DZm\\mbn
kzmlm. kam\\mbn kzmlm.
Adp]s¯m¼Xmw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw Fgp]Xv
1. {i²mbmw {]mtW\nhniymarXw lpXw
{]mWat¶\m]ymbkz {i²mbma]mt\
\nhniymarXw hyt\ \nhniymarXw
lpXw. hym\at¶\m]ymbkz {i²mbm
apZmt\ \nhniymarXw lpXw. DZm\at¶\m
]ymbkz. {i²bmw kamt\ \nhniym
arXw lpXw. kam\at¶\m]ymbkz.
Rm³ {i²tbmSp IqSn {]mW\n AarXcq]amb
lhnÊv AÀ¸n¨ncn¡p¶p. Cu A¶¯m Fsâ {]mW
iàn hÀ²n¸n¨mepw Rm³ {ibtbmsS A]m\\nÂ
AarXcq]amb lhnÊv AÀ¸n¨p. Cu A¶¯mÂ
A]m\iàn A§v hÀ²n¸n¡Ww. Rm³ {i²tbmsS
kam\\n AarXcq]amb lhnÊv kaÀ¸n¨ncn¡p¶p.
Cu A¶w sIm­v Fsâ kam\iànsb hÀ±n¸n¨mepw.
(Cu a{´§Ä `£W¯n\ptijw Fgpt¶Â¡p¶
Xn\p ap¼v ]©{]mW§tfmSpff {]mÀ°\bmbn sNmÃm
\pffXv.
A\phmIw Fgp]¯n H¶v
AwKpjvTam{Xx ]pcptjmwKpjvT w N kam{inXx
CuixkÀÆky PKXx {]`px {]oWmXp hniz`pIv
AwKpjTam{X\mb ]pcpj³ (s]cphnctemfw
t]m¶ ]pcpj³) AwKpjvTs¯bpw incÊns\bpw
B{ibn¨ncn¡p¶p. kÀhPK¯nsâbpw Cui\pw
hniz`p¡pamb (FÃmw A\p`hn¡p¶h³)
Fgp]¯nc­mw A\phmIw Ignªp
A\phmIw Fgp]¯naq¶v
1. hbx kp]À®m D]tkZpcn\{µw
{]nbta[m Ejtbm \m[am\mx
A] [zm´aqÀ®pln ]qÀ²n N£px
apapKv²ykvam¶n[tbh _²m³.
\à hÀ®§fpff (NndIpIÄ) hbpÊpIÄ (]£n
IÄ) F¶t]mse \mYam\·mcpw (bmNn¡p¶hÀ) {]nb
ta[·mcpamb (bmKw CjvSs¸Sp¶) EjnIÄ C{µs\
N P
D]kmZn¨p. (kao]n¨p) [m´s¯ (Ccp«v) A§v \in¸n
K
¨mepw. N£pÊns\ (Úm\{]Imis¯) hÀ²n¸n
¨mepw. \n[ (N§e) sIms­¶t]mse _²·mcmbS
(ambbm _Ôn¡s¸«) R§sf tamNn¸n¨mepw
Fgp]¯naq¶mw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmImw Fgp]¯n\mev
1. {]mWm\mw {KÙnckn cpt{Zm am
hnim´Ix tX\mt¶\m]ybkz.
AÃtbm cp{Z, A§v {]mW§sfbpw C{µnb§sf
bpw Iq«n tbmPn¸n¡p¶ sI«mIp¶p. ZpxJ§sfÃmw
AIäp¶ A´I\mbn F´n {]thin¨mepw Rm³
Ign¨ `£W¯m Fs¶ hÀ²n¸n¨mepw.
(lrZb¯n sXm«v ]Xps¡ sNmÃm\pff a{´amWnXv)
Fgp]¯n\memw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw Fgp]¯nb©v
1. \tam cp{Zmb hnjvWpth arXypÀt½ ]mln.
cp{Z\v \akv I mcw. hnjv W phn\v \ak v I mcw.
arXyphn \n¶v Fs¶ c£n¨mepw.
Fgp]¯nb©mw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw Fgp]¯nbmdv
1. Xzatá Zyp`nkvXzamipip£mWo
kvX zaZv`ykvX zaiva\kv]cn
Xzw ht\`ykvXztamj[o`ykvXzw
\rWmw \r]tX Pmbtk ipNnx
tl Atá A§v Zyp¡fm (bmKZnhk§sf \an¯
am¡n) Npäp]m«w ipip£Wnbmbn ({]Imiam\\mbn)
`hn¡p¶p. \c·mcpsS a[y¯n \r]Xns¡m¯
(cmPmhv) A§v A¸pIfn \n¶v (Pew) P\n¡p¶p.
Aiz§fn \n¶v (IÃv)D­mIp¶p. A§v h\§fnÂ
\n¶v P\n¡p¶ A§v Hmj[nIfn \n¶p­mIp¶p.
ipNnsbt¶mWw (kqcy³)]cnip²\mbn P\n¡p¶p.
Fgp]¯nbmdmw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw Fgp]¯n Ggv
1. inht\ ta kwXnjvTkz tkymt\\ ta
kwXnjvTkz
kp`qtX\ ta kwXnjvTkz {_ÒhÀ¨tk\ ta
kwXnjvTkz bÚkyÀ²n a\pkwXnjvTkz
D] tX btÚ D] tX \a D] tX \ax
 637

I tl bÚ kzcq]\mb tZh, A§bpsS ap¶n sIm­v {ibÊn B{Kln¡p¶hÀ Zm\¯n can¡p¶p. K

\akvImcw. A§bpsS ASp¯v \akvImcw. A§bpsS
6. [À½ CXn [Àt½W kÀÆanZw ]cnKrloXw
ASp¯v \akvImcw. A§bpsS ASp¯v \akvImcw.
inht¯mSp IqSn (awKfw) Fsâ ASp¯v \nesIm­m [À½¶mXnZpÝcw Xkva m±Àt½ cat´
epw, tkym\hpw (kpJZmbIw) kp`pXhpamb (kpµcw) tam£ km[\ambn«pffXv [À½amsW¶v ]dbp¶p.
cq]¯n {_ÒhÀ¨kt¯msS (thZw ]Tn¨hcpsS [À½¯m CsXÃmw Xs¶ kwc£n¡s¸Sp¶p.
tXPtÊmSpIqSn A§v tim`n¡p¶p. [À½s¯t¸mse A\pjvTn¡phm³ {]bmktadnbXmbn
Fgp]¯ntbgmw A\phmIw Ignªp. asäm¶nÃ. AXn\m t{ibÊv B{Kln¡p¶h³
[À½¯n can¡p¶p.
A\phmIw Fgp]¯nF«v 7. {]P\ CXn `qbmwkkvXkva mXv `qbnjvTx
1. kXyw ]cw ]cw kXyw ktXy\ \ {]Pmbt´
kphÀ¤mtÃmIIm¨yht´ IZmN\ Xkva mXv `qbnjvTmx {]P\t\ cat´.
kXmw ln
{]P\w (k´mt\mev]mZ\w) tam£ ImcWsa¶pw
kXyw XkvamXv ktXy cat´ hfscb[nIw BfpIÄ ]dbp¶p­v. AXn\m hfscb
k X y w F {X b p w t {ij v Ta m I p ¶ p . G ä h p w [nIw BfpIÄ {]PIsf P\n¸n¡p¶p. A§s\ ]ecpw
t{ijvTambn«pffXv kXyw Xs¶bmIp¶p. kXyw \nan k´mt\mev]mZ\¯n kt´mjn¡p¶p.
¯w kzÀ¤temI¯n \n¶v HcmÄ¡p Hcn¡epw
8. Aáb CXyml XkvamZáb B[mXhymx
Xmtgm«p]Xnt¡­Xmbn hcp¶nÃ. F´psIms­¶mÂ
kXyw kÖ\§Ä¡pffXmWv. AXpsIm­v kXy¯n thZ\njvT·mcm sshZnI·mÀ AánIÄ tam£Im
kt´mjn¡p¶p. cWsa¶v ]dbp¶p. BbXn\m tamt£Nvibm AhÀ
Aáym[m\w sN¿p¶p.
2. X] CXn Xt]m \m\i\mXv]cw b²n ]cw
X]kvXZv ZpÀ[Àjw XXv Zpcm[Àjw XkvamXv 9. Aántlm{XanXyml
X]knca\v tX. XkvamZántlm{X cat´
NneÀ X]sʶv ]dbp¶p. A\i\¯n \n¶p tam£ImcWamWvAántlm{Xsa¶v NneÀ ]dbp
]camb (D]hmk¯n IqSnb) X]ÊnÃ. bmsXm¶mtWm ¶p. AXpsIm­v Aántlm{X¯n kt´mjn¡p¶p.
DXvIrjvSamb X]Êv AXv ZpÀ[ÀjamIp¶p. (ioen¡p
10. bÚ CXn btÚ\ ln tZhm Znhw KXmx
hm³ {]bmkapffXv) AXv Zpcm[ÀjhpamIp¶p.
(aäpffhÀ¡v kao]n¡m³ {]bmkapffXv)AXn\m XkvamZv bPvtR cat´.
t{ibÊv B{Kln¡p¶hÀ X]Ên kt´mjapÄs¡m NneÀ ]dbp¶Xv bÚamWv tam£km[\sa
ffp¶p. ¶mWv. AXn\m NneÀ bÚ¯n kt´mjn¡p¶p,
3. Za CXn \nbXw {_ÒNmcnWkvXkvamZv BWv tam£ImcWsa¶v Úm\nIÄ hnNmcn¡p¶p.
Zta cat´ AXn\m Úm\nIÄ a\Êv sIm­pff D]mk\bnÂ
am{Xw hnizkn¡p¶p.
Zasa¶v (C{µnb \n{Klw) {_ÒNmcnIÄ Ft¸mgpw
]dbp¶p. AXn\m t{ibÊv B{Kln¡p¶hÀ C{µnb 12. am\kanX hpZzmwkx XkvamZv hnZzmwk
\n{Kl¯n can¡p¶p. Gh am\tk cat´.
4. ia CXyctWy ap\kvXkvam¨ta cat´. lncWy KÀ`³ ]dbp¶Xv k\ymkamWv tam£Im
iaamsW¶v (at\m\nb{´Ww) BcWy¯nepff cWsa¶mWv lncWyKÀ`\mb {_Òmhv At§ Alw
(h\w) ap\nIÄ ]dbp¶p. AXpsIm­v at\m\nb{´W t{ijv T\mWtÃm. bYmÀ°¯n CXphsc ]dª
¯n AhÀ kt´mjn¡p¶p. FÃm [À½§fpw A]c§fmb (XmW\nebnepff)
5. Zm\anXn kÀÆmWn `qXm\n {]iwk´n X]ÊpIfmIp¶p. \ymkw Xs¶bmWv (k\ymkw)
FÃmän\pw anI¨Xv. bmsXmcph³ C§s\ Adnbp¶p
Zm\m¶mXnZpjvIcw Xkvam±mt\ cat´
D]\nj¯mIp¶p (clkythZhnZy)
Zm\sa¶v FÃm `qX§fpw (PohnIÄ) {]iwkn¡p
Fgp]¯nsb«mw A\phmIw Ignªp.
¶p. Zm\s¯¡mÄ AXnZpjvI cambn H¶panÃ. AXp

N P
 638
I A\phmIw Fgp]¯n H³]Xv
1. {]Pm]tXym lymcpWnx kp]Àt®bx
{]P]Xnw ]nXca]kkmc Inw `Kh´x
]caw hZ´oXn. Xkvs sa t{]mhmN.
{]Pm]Xy\pw ({]Pm]XnbpsS ]p{X³) kphÀt®b
\pamb (kphÀ®bpsS ]p{X³) BcpWn ]nXmhmb
{]Pm]Xnsb kao]n¨p. `Khm·mcmb alÀjnamÀ F´n
s\ Gähpw DXvI rjvSsa¶v ]dbp¶p F¶v Aht\mSv
]dbpIbp­mbn.
2. ktXy\ hmbpcmhmXn ktXy\mZntXym
tcmNtX Znhn kXyw hmNx {]XnjvTm
ktXy kÀÆw {]XnjvT nXw XkvamXv
kXyw ]caw hZ´n
kXy¯m Imäv hoip¶p. kXy¯m BZnXy³
BImi¯n {]Imin¡p¶p. hm¡nsâ {]Xnjv T
kXyamIp¶p. kXy¯n kIeXpw {]XnjvTnXambn
cn¡p¶p. AXn\m kXys¯ kÀthmXvIrjvSsa¶v
alÀjnamÀ ]dbp¶p.
3. X]km tZhm tZhXm{K Bb³
X]kmÀjbx kphc\zhnµ³
X]km k]Xv\m³ {]WpZmam
cmXokvX]kn kÀÆw {]XnjvTnXw
Xkva mXv X]x ]caw hZ´n.
BZyw tZh·mÀ X]ÊpsIm­v tZhXm`mhw {]m]n
¨p. EjnamÀ X]ÊpsIm­v kphÀtemIs¯ {]m]n¨p.
X]ÊpsIm­v AcmXnIfmb k]vX·msc (t{ibÊn\v
{]Xn_Ôambn \n¡p¶ i{Xp¡sf) \in¸n¡s«.
kIeXpw X]ÊnemWv {]XnjvTnXambn«pffXv. AXn\mÂ
X]Êv AXy´w t{ijvTambn alÀjnamÀ ]dbp¶p.
4. Ztat\ Zm´mx Inev_ njah[q\z´n
Zta\ {_ÒNmcnWx kphcKѳ Ztam
`qXm\mw Zcm[Àjw Zta kÀÆw {]XnjvTnXw
Xkv am±ax]cawhZ´n.
Zm´·mÀ (C{µnb \n{Klw km[n¨hÀ) Za\w
sIm­v (C{µnb\nb{´Ww) Inev_ njs¯ (]mhw)
\in¸n¡p¶p. Za¯n {]XnjvTnXambncn¡p¶p. AXp
sIm­v Zaw At§ Aäw t{ijvTamsW¶v AdnhpffhÀ
]dbp¶p.
5. itat\ im´mx inhamNc´n iat\
\mIw ap\tbm \zhnµ³ itam `qXm\mw
Zpcm[Àjw ita kÀÆw {]XnjvTnXw XkvamXv
iax ]caw hZ´n
N P
ia¯m (at\m\nb{´Ww) im´·mcmb ]Àin
K
hs¯ (awKfw) BNcn¡p¶p. ap\nIÄ iaw sIm­v
\mIs¯ (kzÀ¤w) {]m]n¨p. iaw `qX§Ä¡v (PohnIÄ
{]m]n¡phm³ hnjapffXmWv kIeXpw ia¯nÂ
{]XnjvTambncn¡p¶p. AXn\m iaw kÀht{ijvTsa¶v
AdnhpffhÀ ]dbp¶p.
6. Zm\w bÚm\mw hcqYw Z£nWm, temtI
ZmXmcw kÀÆ `qXm\yp]Poh´n, Zmt\\
AcmXoc]m\pZ´, Zmt\\ Zznjt´m
an{Xm `h´n, Zmt\ kÀÆw {]XnjvTnXw
Xkva m±m\w ]caw hZ´n.
Z£nWbmK§fpsS hcqYamb ({][m\w) Zm\am
Ip¶ temI¯n kIe `qX§fpw ZmXmhns\ D]Pohn
¡p¶p. Zm\w sIm­v AcmXnIsf (i{Xp¡Ä) CÃmXm
¡m³ Ignbp¶p. Zm\w sIm­v Zznj¯p¡Ä (i{Xp¡Ä)
an{X§fmbn `hn¡p¶p. kIeXpw Zm\¯n {]XnjvTn
XamWv. AXp \nan¯w Zm\w AXy´w DXvI rjvSsa¶v
AdnhpffhÀ ]dbp¶p.
7. [Àt½m hnizky PKXx {]XnjvTm temtI
[À½njvTw {]Pm D]kÀ]´n [Àt½W ]m]
a]\pZXn [Àt½ kÀÆw {]XnjvTnXw Xkvam
²À½w ]caw hZ´n.
hnizamb PK¯nsâbpw (FÃm temIw) {]XnjvT
(B{ibw) [À½amIp¶p. temI¯n [À½njv Ts\
{]PIÄ kao]n¡p¶p. [À½¯m ]m]w \in¡p¶p.
[À½¯m FÃmw {]XnjvTnXambncn¡p¶p. AXp
sIm­v [À½w t{ijvTamb t{ibx km[\sa¶v Adn
hpffhÀ ]dbp¶p.
8. {]P\\w ssh {]XnjvTw temI
km[p {]Pmbm
kv\´pw X\zm\x]nXrWma\rtWm `hXn.
XtZh Xkym\rWw XkvamXv {]P\\w
]caw hZ´n
k ´Xypev ] mZ\w temI¯ n \ne\nev ] n\v
ImcWamIp¶p. imkv{X{]Imcw {]PIsf \ne\nev]ns\
sN¿p¶ ]nXm¡Ä¡v ISanÃm¯h\mbn`hn¡p¶p.
AXpXs¶bmWv Ah\v ISanÃmXncn¡p¶ AhØ.
AXpsIm­v i´Xypev]mZ\w F{Xbpw t{ijvTNIsa¶v
]dbp¶p.
9. Aátbm ssh{Xbo hnZym tZhbm\x ]Ùm
KmÀlXy EIv ]rYnho cY´ca\zmlmcy
]N\x bPqc´cn£w hmatZhyamlh\obx
kma kphÀt¤m temIm _rlXv Xkva máo³
]caw hZ´o.
 639
I {Xbo hnZy (aq¶p thZ§fn \n¶v In«p¶ Úm\w)
tZhbm\amb ]Ùmhv(amÀ¤w) KmÀl]Xymán, EtKzZw,
]rYnhocphw, cY´csa¶ kma Km\w CsXms¡¯s¶
AántZh·mÀXs¶. A\zmlmcy ]N\sa¶ Aán
bPpÀthZhpw A´co£cq]hpw hmhtZhysa¶p
]dbp¶ kmaKm\hpw Blh\obmánbpw kma thZ
hpw, kzÀ¤hpw _rls¯¶p ]dbp¶ kmaKm\hpw
FÃmw Aán kzcq]§tfm, AánIfm {]m]n¡s¸Sm³
Ignbp¶tXm BWv. AXn\m AánIsf t{ijvTsa¶v
tZhhn¯p¡Ä IcpXp¶p.
10. Aántlm{Xw kmbw {]mXÀKrlmWmw
\njvIrXnx kznjvSw kplpXw
bÚ{IXq\mw
{]mbWw kphÀ¤ky temIky tPymXnx
XkvamZántlm{Xw ]caw hZ´n.
kmbw Ime¯nepw {]mXx Ime¯nepw sN¿p¶
Aántlm{Xw Krl§Ä¡v (hoSpIfn sN¿p¶
]m]§Ä¡v) \njvIXnbmIp¶p. ({]mbÝn¯w) kznjvSw
(\Ãt]msebPn¡s¸« bmKw) kplpXw. (th­ hn[w
\S¯nb tlmaw) bÚ§fpsSbpw {IXp¡fpsSbpw
{]mbWhpw ({]mcw`w) kzÀ¤temI¯nsâ tPymXnÊpw
BIp¶p. AXpsIm­v Aántlm{Xw Gähpw t{ijvT
sa¶v sshZnI·mÀ IcpXp¶p.
12. am\kw ssh {]mP]Xyw ]hn{Xw
am\tk\ a\km km[p ]iyXn a\km
Ejbx {]Pm AkrP´ am\tk kÀÆw
{]XnjTnXw Xkvam·m\kw ]caw hZ´n
am\kw (a\ÊpsIm­pff D]mk\) {]mPm]Xy
amWv ({]Pm]Xnsb kw_Ôn¨Xv) AXv ]hn{XamIp¶p.
D]mk\bm GIm{Kamb a\Ên\m \ÃXv ImWm³
Ignbp¶p. a\ÊpsIm­v ap\namÀ {]PIsf krjvSn¨p.
a\Ênsâ GIm{KXbnemWv kIeXpw {]XnjvTnXambn«p
ffXv AXn\m am\ks¯ Gddhpw t{ijvT sa¶v
AdnhpffhÀ ]dbp¶p.
13. \ymk CXymlpÀ½\ojntWm {_ÒmWmw
{_Òm hnizx IXax kzbw{`qx
{]Pm]Xnx kwhÕc CXn.
a\ojnIÄ (Úm\nIÄ) \ymbw F¶v {_Òmhns\
]dbp¶p. {_Òw hnizamIp¶p. IXa³ (B\µkzcq]n)
kzbw `q (X\nsb D­mbh³) {]Pm]Xn ({]PIfpsS
\mY³) kwhÕc³ (Imekzcq]n) C§s\sbÃmw
{_Òmhns\¸än ]dbp¶p.
14. kwhÕtcm kmhnZntXym b Gj
BZntXy ]pcpjx k ]ctajvTo {_Òmßm
N P
Imekzcq]amb kwhÕcw B BZnXy\mIp¶p. K
BZnXy\n bmsXmcp ]pcpj\pt­m Ah³ ]ctajvTn
bpw (lnc©KÀ`³) {_Òmßmhpw (]c{_Òkzcq]n)
BIp¶p.
15. bm`ncmZnXykvX]Xn civan`nkvXm`nx
]ÀÖt\ym hÀjXn ]ÀÖt\yt\mj[n
h\kv]Xbx {]Pmb´ Hmj[nh\kv]Xn
`nc¶w`hXyt¶\ {]mWmx {]mssWÀ_ew
_te\ X]kvX]km {i²m {i²bm
ta[m ta[bm a\ojm a\ojbm at\m
a\km im´nx im´ym Nn¯w Nnt¯\
kvarXnx kvarXym kvamcw kvamtcW
hnÚm\w
hnÚmt\\mßm\w thZb´n Xkva mZ¶w
ZZ³ kÀÆmtWyXm\n ZZmXy¶mXv {]mWm
`h´n {`qXm\mw {]mssWÀ½t\m a\kÝ
hnÚm\w hnÚm\mZm\tµm {_Òtbm\nx
GsXmcp civanIsfs¡m­mtWm kqcy³ NqSp­m
¡p¶Xv B civa nIsfs¡m­v hÀÖ\y³ (taLw)
Bbn¯oÀ¶v ag s]¿n¡p¶p. ]ÀP\y³ \nan¯w
Hmj[nIfpw h\kv]XnIfpw A¶ap­mIp¶p. (`£W
km[\§Ä) A¶w sIm­v {]mWMAMfpw, {KmW§
fm _ehpw, _e¯m X]Êpw, X]ÊpsIm­v
{i²bpw, {i²sIm­v ta[bpw (_p²n) ta[sIm­v
a\ojbpw (C{µnbkwbaw C{µnb kwbaw sIm­v a\\p
iànbpw, a\m\n{Klw sIm­v im´nbpw, im´nsIm­v
Úm\Xr]vXamb Nn¯hpw, Nn¯wsIm­v HmÀ½iàn
bpw, HmÀ½iànbm \nc´ckvacWhpw, \nc´ckvac
W¯m hntitjW Dff Úm\hpw e`n¡p¶p.
hnPRm\w sIm­v BXv amhns\ Adnbm³ Ignbp¶p.
AXn\m A¶w Zm\w sN¿p¶h³ CsXÃmw \ÂIp¶p.
A¶¯n \n¶v PohnIfpsS {]mW§fp­mIp¶p.
hnÚm\¯m B\µw kn²n¡p¶p. AXmIs« FÃm
änsâbpw DÛhØm\amb ]c{_Òmhv.
16. k hm Gj ]pcpjx ]©mßm
tb\ kÀÆanZw t{]mXw ]rYnho Nm´cn£w N
ZyuÝ ZniÝmhm´cZnimÝ k ssh
kÀÆanZw
PKÕ k `qXw k `hyw PnÚmkIv\ p]vX
EXPm
cbnjvTmx {i²m ktXym ]lkzm´atkm
]cnjvSmXv ÚmXzm Xtahw a\km
lrZmN `qtbm
\ arXypap]bmln hnZzm³. XkvamZv\ym
ktajmw X]kmaXncnàamlpx
 640
I k\ymkw sIm­v ]cakXyw km£mXv¡cn¨n«pff
B ]pcpj³ A©p hn[¯n A©v kz`mh§tfmSp
IqSnbh\mbn¯ocp¶p. ]rYnhnbpw A´co£hpw BIm
ihpw Ah³ Xs¶. Cu P\s¯bpw Ah\mWv. Ah³
`qXImeamWv. Ah³ `hyamWv. (hcm³ t]mIp¶Xv)
A h³ PnR v P mkm e£ y¯ nse¯ nbh\mWv .
cbnjvT³ (BßÚm\amIp¶ [\amÀ¶h³) hnizmk
hpw, kXyhpw ]lkzm\pw (kzmbw {]Imi³) BWv
Ah³ XaÊnsâ D]cn\n¡p¶p. a\Êpw sIm­pw
lrZbwsIm­pw Ahs\ C§s\ a\Ênem¡n Úm\n
acWw {]m]n¡p¶nÃ. AXn\m \ymks¯ (k\ymkw)
Cu X]ÊpIfn sh¨v AXncnàsa¶v (hninjvSw)
]dbp¶p.
17. hkpctWzm hn`pckn {]mtW Xzakn
kÔmXm {_Ò³ Xzakn hnizkrt¯
tPmZmkXzakytáckn hÀt¨mZmkvXzakn
kqcyky Zypavt\mZmkvXzakn N{µamk
D]bma
KrlotXmkn {_ÒtW Xzm altk.
AÃtbm {_Ò³, A§v hkpcWz\mIp¶p. (Bß
Úm\amIp¶ [\w \ÂIp¶h³) hn`phpamIp¶p,
{]mW\pambn Iq«n LSn¸n¡p¶ph\mIp¶p. A§v hniz
kr«v BWv (hnizhym]n) A§p N{µsâ Zypavt\mZmhv
({]ImiamIp¶ [\w \ÂIp¶h³) D]bma KrloX\m
W§v (D]bmasa¶ ]m{X¯nseSp¯ tkmackw)
ssNX\y kzcq]amb {_Ò XXzÚm\¯n\mbn A§
sb Rm³ `Pn¡p¶p.
18. HmanXymßm\w bpÚoX GXssZz atlm]
\njZw tZhm\w Kplyw b Ghw thZw {_Ò
tWm alnam\am]vt\mXn XkvamXv {_ÒtWm
alnam\anXyp]\njXv.
"Hmw' F¶p¨cn¨psIm­v Bßmhns\ tbmPn¸n¡
Ww. tZh·mÀ¡pIqSn clkyambn«pff hninjvSamb
D]\nj¯v CXmIp¶p. GsXmcph³ C§s\ {_Ò
¯nsâ alXzw Adnbp¶p, Ah³ {_Ò¯nsâ alXzw
{]m]n¡p¶p. C§s\ D]\nj¯v
Fgp]s¯ma¼Xmw A\phmIw Ignªp.
A\phmIw F¬]Xv
1. Xsskyhw hnZptjm bÚkymßm bPam\x
{i²m ]Xv\o icocan[vaaptcm thZnÀtemam\n
_ÀlnthZx inJm lrZbw bq]x Ima BPyw
a\ypx ]ipkvXt]mánÀZax iabnXm
(Zm\w) Z£n
N P
Wm hmIvtlmXm {]mW DZvKmXm K
N£pc[zcypÀ
at\m {_Òm t{im{XaáoXv bmh²nbtX km
Zo£m bZiv\mXn X²hnÀ¿Xv]n_Xn XZky
tkma]m\w b{ZatX XZp]ktZm bXv k©c
Xyp]hniXyp¯njvTtX N k
{]hÀtKymb·pJw
XZmlh\otbm bm hymlrXncmlpXnÀ¿Zky
hnÚm\w XÖptlmXn bÕmbw
{]mXc¯n
XÕan[w bXv{]mXÀ½m[yµn\w kmbw N
Xm\n kh\m\n tb Atlmcmt{X tX
ZÀi]qÀ®
amku tb À±amkmÝ amkmÝ tX
NmXpÀ½m
kym\n tb EXhkvtX ]ip_Ôm
tb kwhÕ
cmÝ ]cnhÕcmÝ tXlÀKWmx kÀÆthZ
kmw hm GXXvk{Xw b·cWw
XZh`rYw GX
ssZz PcmaÀ¿aántlm{Xw k{Xw tb
Ghw hnZzm
\nZKbt\ {]aobtX tZhm\mtah alnam\w
KXzmZnXyky kmbpPyw KÑXyY tbm
Z£ntW
{]aobtX ]nXrWmtah alnam\w KXh N{µ
akxkmbpPyw KÑtXyXu ssh kqcymN{µ
atkmÀ½lnam\u {_mÒtWm
hnZzm\ `nPbXn
Xkva mZv {_ÒtWm alnam\am]vt \mXn
Xkva mZv
{_ÒtWm alnam\anXyp]\njXv.
Cu hn[¯n kXy¯nsâ km£mXv¡ mcw e`n
¨n«pff Úm\nbpsS PohnXw Xs¶ bÚamWv. PvRm
\nbpsS Bßmhv B bÚ¯n bPam\\t{X.
bPam\]Xn At±l¯nsâ {i²Xs¶. At±l¯nsâ
{i² Xs¶. At±l¯nsâ icocw Xs¶ hndImWv.
amdnSamWv thZn. tcma§Ä ZÀ`¸pÃpIfmIp¶p. thZam
Wv inJ, lrZbw, bp]hpw, B{Klw, BPyamIp¶p.
tIm]w tlman¡phm\pff arKamWv. X]Êv AánbmWv.
_en \ÂIp¶h³ C{µnb \n{Klw; hm¡v tlmXmhv,
DZvKmXmsh¶ ]ptcmlnX\pw hm¡mWv N£pÊv A[zcyw
F¶ ]ptcmlnX\t{X. a\Êv {_ÒamIp¶ ]ptcmlnX³;
t{im{Xw AáoXv F¶ ]ptcmlnX\mWv. Poh³ F{X
 641

I Imew Dt­m A{Xbpw Imew Zo£bmWv. `£n¡p¶Xv
lhnÊv; IpSn¡p¶Xv tkma]m\w; kt´mjn¡p¶Xv
D]kZv F¶ IÀ½w. k©cn¡Â, Ccn¡Â, Fhpt¶Â
¡Â Ch {]hÀKyw F¶ IÀ½amIp¶p. apJw Blh\o
bmK\nbmWv. kwkmcn¡p¶Xv BlpXn. hnÚm\w,
tlmaw, {]`mX¯nsebpw sshIpt¶cs¯bpw `£Ww
Aán hndInSp¶XmWv . {]`mXhpw a[ymÓhpw
kmbmÓ Imehpw kh\§fmWv. ]£§fpw, amk
§fpw, NXpÀamky§Ä, EXp¡Ä ]ip_ÔbmKw,
kwhÕc§fpw ]cnkwhÕc§fpw AlÀKW bmK
§Ä; FÃmw IqSn k\ymknbpsS PohnXw Hcp bÚ
amWv acWw Ah`rY kv\m\amIp¶p. C§s\ PXac- K
W]cy´apff PohnXw Aántlm{XamIp¶pþ Aán-
tKm{Xsa¶ bÚamIp¶p. CXdnbp¶h³ D¯cmbW
Ime¯v tZh·mcpsS amlmßyw {]m]n¨v BZnXymß
Iamb kmbpPyw {]m]n¡p¶p. kqcysâbpw N{µsâbpw
alXzw {]XyIadnbp¶ hn{]³ Ah c­pw km£mXvI
cn¡p¶p. F¶m ]cakXyw km£mXvIcn¨ k\ymkn
{_Ò¯nsâ amlmßyw t\Sp¶p. AXn\m ]c{_Ò
s¯ a\Ênem¡p¶Xv {ian¡Ww.
alm- \m-cm-b- tWm]\nj¯v kam]n¨p.

1 alm-hm-tIym-]-\n-j¯v
3

im´n-]mTw
Hmw `{Zw IÀt®`nx irWp-bma tZhm `{Zw AXn-s\-¯p-SÀ¶v {_Òmhv A]-tcm-£m-\p-`h - ]- -c-amb D]-
]tiy-]-am-£-`n-cy- Pt{Xx Ønssc-cw-ssK-kvXp-ã-h mw- \n-j¯v hymJym-\n-¡m-sa¶v ]d-ªp. Cu D]-\n-j¯v
k-kvX-\q-`n-hy.-tia tZh-lnXw bZmbpx kzkvXn \x {]mIr-X-·mÀ¡v D]-tZ-in¨p sImSp-¡-cpXv ImcWw CXv
Ct{µm hr²-{ihmx kzkvXn \x ]qjm hniz-thZmx F{Xbpw tKm]-\o-b-amWv F¦nepw kmXzn-Ih - r-¯n- tbm-Sp-
kzkvXn \kvXmÀt£ym Acn-ã-t\anx kzkvXn t\m Iq-Sn-bh
- \pw A´Àap-J\pw Kpcp ip{iq-j m-]c - -\p-amb
_rl-kv]X - nÀ Z[mXp Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx injy\v D]-tZ-in-¡mw. AXn-\m kmwkm-cn-I-amb _Ô-
\-¯n\pw tam£- ¯n\pw Imc-W-`q- X- amb Ahn-Zym-t\- {X-§Ä
tZh-· m- s c, R§Ä ImXp-I Ä sIm­v awKfw
D]-kw-l-cn¨v AÚm-\m-Ô-Im-c-a-Iän kIm-a-IÀ½-§-fnÂ
tIÄ¡tW. I®p-IÄ sIm­v awKfw ImWtW. Atcm-K-
hym]r-X-amb temIs¯ XXz-Úm-\-¯n-te¡v \bn-t¡-­-
Zr-V-Km-{X-cmbn R§Ä \n§sf kvXpXn-¨-sIm-­n-cn-¡-tW.
Xm-h-iy-am- W.v
R§Ä¡v \nÝ- bn-¨n-«pÅ BbpÊp apgp-h³ R§Ä A\p-
`-hn-¡-tW. alm-IoÀ¯n-am-\mb C{µ³ R§Ä¡v awKfw 2. ss\tjm f ÔImtcm f bamßm hnZym lnIm-
\ÂI-tW. kÀh-Ú-\mb ]qjmhv R§Ä¡v awK- f-a-cp-f- Þm-´-cm-ZntXym tPym-XnÀa-Þew {Kmlyw \m]cw
s«. A{]-Xn-l-X-th-K-hm-\mb Kcp-U³ R§Ä¡v awKfw Akm-h m-ZntXym {_tÒ-Xy-P-]-tbm-]-lnXw lwkx
\ÂItW. _rl-kv]Xn R§Ä¡v \·-bc - p-ftW. Hmw tkm f lw {]mWm-] m-\m`ymw {]Xn-tem-am-\ p-tem-
im´nx im´nx im´nx am`ymw kap-]-e-ss`yhw km Nncw e_v[zm-Xr-hr-Zm-
1. lcn Hmw AY tlmhmN `K-hm³ {_Ò ]tcm- ß\n {_Ò-Wy-`n-[ym-b-amt\ k¨n-Zm-\µx ]c-am-ßm-
£m-\p-`-h-]-tcm-]-\n-jZw hymJym-kymax Kply-XvKp- hnÀ`hn
ly-X-c-tajm \ {]mIr-Xmb D]-tZ-ãhym kmXzn-Im- Bßmhv AÔ-Im-c-a-b-a-söp kzbw {]Im-i-¯nÂ
bm-´ ÀapJmb lcn-i p- {iq-j th AY kwkrXn \n¶p `n¶-a-Ãm-¯-Xp-sIm­v kzbw {]Im-i-cq-]-am-sW-¶p-
_Ô-tam-£ - tbmÀhn- Zym-h ntZy N£pjn D]-k w- apÅ Úm\w e`n-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-¶n- S-t ¯mfw a\p-j y³
l r X y hnÚ m- b m- h nZy te mIm- Þ - k vX tam Úm\w t\S-Ww. hnZy tPymXnÀkz-cq-]-am-Wv. Gsd {]b-
ZrJvXtam ln imco-c-{]-]-©am {_Ò Ømh-cm-´- Xv\-an- Ãm- sXbpw t¢i-km-[-\-§Ä IqSm- sXbpw {_Ò- {]m]vXn
a-´m-Jn-em-Þ-`qXw \nJne \nKtam ZnX-k-Im-a-IÀ½ kpe-`-am-Wv. AXnsâ t]cmWv lwkw. Xm\pw {_Ò-¯nsâ
hyh-lmtcm temIx Hcw-i-sa¶p IcpXn {]mWm-]m\ izmk-§Â aptJ\ CXn-
N P
 642

I \pÅ Úm\-amÀÖn¨v Nnc-km-[\ sNbvXv Cu hnZy km[yw am{X-am-bn-cp-¶Xv AhnsS F¯n-bt¸mÄ {]Im-i-
K
aptJ\ kaãn hyãn XssZIyw F¶o aq¶p cq]-¯n-epÅ cq-]-am-bn.
{_Ò-¯n [ym\n-¨m k¨n-Zm-\µ kzcq-]-\mb ]c-am-ßm-
4. tkm f laÀ¡x ]cw tPymXn
hns\ km£m-XvI-cn-¡mw.
cÀ¡-tPym-Xn-clw inhx
3. kl-{k-` m-\p-a-¨ p-cnXm ]qcnXm ]qcn-X-Xzm-Z-en-
Bß-tPym-Xn-clw ip{Ix
]ym-]m-c-hm-c-¸qc Ch ss\jm kam[nx ss\jm-tbm-
K-kn²nx ss\jm at\m-ebx {_ssÒIyw XXv BZn- kÀh-tPym-Xnc kmh-tZmlx
XyhÀ®w Xa-k kvX p ]tc kÀhmWn cq]mWn Rm³ NnZm-Zn-Xy\pw ]cw tPymXn-Êp-am-Wv, AtX inh-
hnNnXy [ocm \mam\n IrXzm f `nh-Z\y ZmkvtX X-Xz-am-W,v AtX Bß-tPym-Xn-ÊmWv kI-eXpw {]Im-in-¸n-
[mXm ]pc-kvXm-Zy-ap-Zm-P-lm-c. i{Ix {]hn-Zzm³ {]Xn- ¡p¶ B {_Ò-¯nsâ kzcq-]hpw AXn \n¶ `n¶-hp-
i-Ý-X{kx Xtahw hnZzm-\-apX Cl `hXn \m\yx am-Wv.
]Ùm Ab-\mb hnZy-tX. btÚ\ bÚ-a-P-b´
5. b GXZ YÀh-intcm f [otX {]mX-c[ - n-bm-t\m-
tZhmx Xm\n [À½mWn {]Y-am\ym k³ tX l
cm-{Xn-IrXw ]m]w \mi-bXn kmb-a-[o-bmt\m Znh-
\mIw aln-am\w kNt´ b{X ]qÀth km[ym
k-IrXw ]m]w \mi-bXn XXv kmbw {]mXx {]bp-
k´n tZhmx
RvPm\x ]mt]m f A]mt]m `hXn a[yw-Zn-\-am-Zn-
XXz- Úm- \hr¯n Bbncw kqcy- ·m- cpsS {]Im-i-t¯m- Xym-`n-aptJm f [obm\x ]© alm-]m-X-tIm-]-]m-X-
Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw {]im-´hpw {_Ò-c-k-]q-cn-Xhpw BWv. Cu ImXv {]ap-NytX kÀh- th-Z-]m-c m-b-W -] pWyw e`-
hr¯n kam-[ntbm tbmK-kn-²ntbm at\m-eb - tam AÃ. tX. {ioa-l m-hnjvWp kmbq-P y-a-hm-] vt\m-Xo-Xyp-]-
{]Xy-£-{_-Ò¯ - nsâ GImß kzcq-]-am-W.v BZn-Xy-kz-cq- \n-j-X v.
]-am-Wv. kÀh-N-cm-N-c-§fpw anYy-sb¶p IcpXn Xsâ
Cu AYÀh-in-cÊv {]`m-X- ¯n A[y-b\w sN¿p-¶-
X·m{X kzcq]w {Kln-¡p-¶-hÀ am{Xw {_Ò-kzq]w {]m]n-
h³ cm{Xn sNbvX ]m]w \in- ¸n- ¡p-¶p. sshIp-t¶cw A[y-
¡p-¶p. {_Òmhpw CXv ]d-ªn-«p-­v. Zn¡p-Ifpw D]-Zn-¡p-
b\w sN¿p-¶ -h ³ ]I-e s¯ ]m]w \in-¸ n-¡ p-¶ p.
Ifpw {_Ò-Ú m-\n-I-fn apJy-\mb C{µ\pw CXv ]d-ªn-
Ime¯pw sshIn«pw A[y-b\w sN¿p-¶- h³ ]m]n-bm-sW-
«p-­v. Cu {_Òs¯ C§s\ a\-Ên-em-¡p¶ hnZzm³ ]c-
¦nepw ]m]-lo-\-\m-Ip-¶p. DN-N¡v kqcym-`n-ap-J-ambn A[y-
am-ß-kz-cq-]-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. tam£- e_
- v[n¡v thsd amÀ¤-
b\w sN¿p- ¶-h³ ]©-a-lm- ]m-XI tIm]- ¯n \n¶ apà-
an-Ã. C{µmZn tZh-·mcpw Úm\-bÚw sIm­v bPn-¡p-
\m-Ip-¶p. kÀh-th-Z-]m-cm-bWw ]pWyw t\Sp-¶p. {ioa-lm-
Ibpw A§s\ Poh-·p-à-cm-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Poh-
hnjvWp kmbqPyw {]m]n-¡p¶p.
·pà cq]-¯n- epÅ IÀ½- §-fmWv BZy-ap-­m-bXv BZyw
alm-hm-tIym-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

1 atlm-]-\n-j¯v 3

im´n]mTw \ncmIcWw ta AkvXpI

Hmw B]yb´p aamwKm\n hmIv {]mWÝ£px I
t{im{XatYm _mean{µnbmWn N kÀhmWn.I
kÀhw {_tÒm]\njZw amlw
{_Ò \ncmIpcymw.I
am am {_Ò \ncmItcmZ\ncmIcW akvXz
XZmß\n \nctX b D]\n I
jÕq [À½mkvtX abn k´p tX abn k´p I
Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx I
]c{_Òsa, Fsâ kÀhmwK§fpw hm¡v, {]mW³,
t\{Xw, t{im{Xw F¶nhbp, iànbp C{µnb§fpw

N P
 643
I ]cn]pjvSam¡s«. CXv D]\njXvZpàamb {_ÒamWv.
Rm³ CXns\ \ncmIcn¡p¶nÃ. {_Òw Fs¶ \ncmIcn
¡mXncn¡tW. F\n¡pw {_Ò¯n\pw X½n At`Zy
amb _Ôw D­mItW. {_Ò\ncX\mb F¶n D]\n
jZpà§fmb [À½§Ä \ne\n¡tW. Hmw im´nx
im´nx im´nx
1. AYmtXm atlm]\njZw hymJymkyma kvXZm-
l p tc t I m l s s h \ mc mbW B k n¶
{_Òmt\imt\m \mt]m \mKv\otjmau t\ ta
Zymhm³ ]rYnho \ \£{XmWn \ kqtcym \
N{µam k GImIo\ catX. Xkym[ym\m´
Øky bÚkvtXmaapNytX.
C\n atlm]\nj¯ns\¸än {]Xn]mZn¡mw. BZn
bn tIhew \mcmbW³ am{Xta D­mbncp¶pffp.
{_Òmthm cp{Zt\m Petam Aántbm hmbpthm BIm
itam ]rYzntbm \£{X§tfm kqcyt\m H¶pw D­m
bncp¶nÃ. GImInbmbncn¡m³ At±lw CjvSs¸«nÃ.
AXpsIm­v At±lw k¦ev] [ym\w sNbvX p. B
[ym\¯n\v bÚ kvtXmasa¶v ]dbp¶p.
2. Xkvan³]pcpjmÝXpÀ±i PmbtX
GImI\ym I
Zti{µnbmWn a\x GImZiw tXPx ZzmZtimf
lwImcx I
{Xtbm ZiIx{]mWmx NXpÀ±i Bßm
]© Zio I
_p²nx `qXm\n]©X·m{XmWo. ]©alm
`qXm\n I
k GIx ]© hnwiXnx ]pcpjx XXv]pcpjw
]qcptjm I
\nthiy \mky {][m\ kwhÕcm
Pmbt´ I
kwhÕmcm Z[n Pmbt´ I
B [ym\^eambn ]Xn¶mep ]pcpj·mcpw Hcp
I\yIbpw P\n¨p. ]¯v C{µnb§fpw tXPkznbmb
a\Êpw Al¦mchpw {]mW\pw BßmhpamWv. B
]Xn¶mep ]pcpj·mÀ. Cu ]Xn¶mep ]pcp]·mÀ¡p
]pdsa _p²nbmIp¶ I\yIbp­mbn Chbv¡ pw
`n¶ambn kq£va`qX§tfmSpIqSnb A©p X·m{XIfpw
]©alm`pX§fpw D­mbn. Cu ]pcpj³ {]thin¨p.
F¶m Ccp]¯nb©p XXz§tfmSp IqSnb hncmSv ]pcp-
j\n \n¶pw kwhÕc§Ä D­mIp¶nà kwhÕc-
§Ä ImeamIp¶ kwhÕc¯n \n¶pamWp­m
Ip¶Xv.
3. AY ]p\tchw \mcmbW. tkm f\yXv ImtamI
a\km [ymbXv krXky [ym\m´x
N P
Øky eemSmXvI K
{Xb£x iqe]mWnx ]pcptjm PmbtX _n{_I
{Ñnbw bix kXyw {_ÒNcyw Xt]m
sshcmKyw I
a\ sFizcyw k{]Whm hymlrXb
EKyPpx kmamI
YÀhmwKnckx kÀhmWn Oµmwkn Xm\ywtK I
kam{ioXm\n XkvamZoimt\m
almtZthmalmtZhxI
A\´cw \mcmbW³ asämcp k¦ev]t¯mSp IqSn
[ym\¯n apgpIn. At¸mÄ At±l¯nsâ s\änbnÂ
\n¶pw {Xnt\{X\pw {Xniqe]mWnbpamb hninjvS]pcp-
j\p­mbn. biÊv, kXyw X]Êv, {_ÒmNcyw, ssh-
cmKyw, \nb{´nX a\Êv, sFizcyw {]Whw tNÀ¶
hymlrXnIÄ, \mep thZ§Ä, k¼qÀ®OµÊpIÄ
F¶nh B kn²]pcpjs\ B{ibn¨ncn¡p¶p. AXn-
sIm­v At±l¯n\v Cuim\s\¶pw almtZhs\¶pw
t]cpIÄ D­mbn.
4. AY ]p\tch \mcmbWx tkmf\yXv ImtamI
a\km A[ymbX. Xkym [ym\m´Ø kyI
eemSmXv tkymtZmf]XXv. Xmx Camx {]XXmI
A]vk xXXkvtXtPm lnc×bmWvUw X{XI
{_Òm NXpÀ½ptJm PmbX I
\mcmbW³ hn­pw asämcp k¦ev ] t¯msS
[ym\n¨p. AtXmsS At±l¯nsâ s\änbn \n¶v
hnbÀ¸v s]mSnªp. B hnbÀ¸mWv Pecq]¯n kÀ
h{X hym]n¨ncn¡p¶Xv. B Pe¯n AWphnsâ
BImc¯n Hcp lnc×b tKmfw ImWs¸«p. B
tXtPmtKmf¯n \n¶pw NXpÀapJ\mb {_Òmhp
­mbn.
5. tkmf[ymbXv ]qÀhm`naptJm `qXzm `qcnXn
hymlrXnÀKmb{XwOµ EtKztZm AántZhXm.
]Ýnam`naptJm `qXzm `phcnXn hymlrXnkv
ss{XjvTp`w Otµm bÖpÀthtZm hmbpÀ tZhXm
D¯cm`naptJm `qXzm kzcnXn hym lrXnÀPmKXw
Oµx kma thZx kqtcym tZhXm Z£nWm`naptJm
`qXzm alcnXn hymlrXncm\pjv S p`w Ntµm-
AYÀhthZx tkmtam tZmhXm.
Ingt¡m«p t\m¡n \n¶v {_Òmhv `x F¶p¨
cn¨psIm­v Kmb{Xo, OµÊv, EtKzZw, Aán F¶nh
sbbpw ]Snªmtdm«p t\m¡n \n¶v `phx F¶p¨cn¨v,
PKXn OµÊv kmathZw, kqcy³ F¶nhsbbpw sXt¡m«v
t\m¡n \n¶v ""alÊ v '' F ¶p¨cn¨v A \pj v S p]v
 644
I AYÀhthZw tkma³ F¶nhsbbpw [ym\n¨p.
6. kl{kioÀjw tZhw kl{km£w
hniziw`qhw I
hnizXx ]caw \nXyw hnizw \mcmbWw lcnwI
7. hniztaZthZw ]pcpjkvXZznizap]PohnXn I
]Xnw hntizizcw tZhw kapt{Z
hnizcq]nWw.I
]n¶oSv {_Òmhv kl{kioÀj\pw kl{km£\pw
kÀhawKfkzcq]\pw kÀhhym]nbpw ]cmXXv]c\pw
\nXy kzcq]\pamb \mcmbWs\ [ym\n¨p. At±lw
B PK±oizcs\ ZÀin¨Xv £ockmKcimbnbmbn«mWv.
I­ am{Xbn Xs¶ At±lw Xs¶bmWv hnizcq]
s\m¶pw kIe {]]©¯nsâbpw Poh³ Ct±ls¯¯
s¶bmWv B {ibn¨ncn¡ p¶sX¶pw {_Òmhn\v
t_m[ys¸«p.
8. ]ßtImi {]XoImiw ew_Xym
tImik¶n`w I
lrZbw Nm]yt[m apJw kwXpkvssXkoXv
Imcm`nÝ I
9. Xkyat[y alm\À¨nÀ hnizmÀ¨nÀ
hniztXmapJw I
Xkyat²yhÓninJm AWotbmÀ[zm
hyhØnXm I
10. Xkym inJbm at[y]camßm hyhØnXx I
k {_Òm k Cuim\x tk{µ tkm£cx
]cax kzcmUnXn atlm]\njXv I
]ßtImiw t]mse ZoÀLhpw At[mapJhpamb
lrZb¯n \n¶v koXvImci_vZw ]pds¸«psIm­ncn
¡p¶p. B lrZb¯nsâ a[y¯n al¯mb Hcp
Pzmebp­v. B Aán PmebpsS. B PzmebmWv Zo]in
tJmse ]¯p Zn¡nepw {]Imiw hnXdn hnizs¯
{]Imiam\am¡p¶Xv . B Aán PzmebpsS at[y
apIfn sNdnb Hcp Aán inJbp­v. AXnsâ
a[y¯nemWv ]camßmhp Xs¶bmWv {_Òmhpw Cu-
izc\pw C{µ\pw Ahn\minbpw F¶v atlm]\nj¯v
]dbp¶p.
c­ma[ymbw
1. iptIm \maalmtXPmxkzcq]m\µXXv] cx I
PmXamt{XW ap\ncmUv bXv kXyw XZ
hm]vX hm³I
2. tX\mku kzhnthtI\ kzbtah alma\mx I
{]hnNmcyNncw km[p kzmß\nÝb
am]vX hm³ I
N P
Bß ]cam\µw \nc´cw BkzZn¡p¶h\pw alm K
tXPkznbpamb ap\nbmbncp¶p ipItZh³. P\n¨t¸mÄ
Xs¶ At±lw kXyXXzÚm\§Ä BÀÖn¨p.
]cm{ibw IqSmsX Xs¶ Nn´n¨p. hnthI_p²nbmÂ
Bßkzcq]w F´msW¶pffXns\¸än kp\nÝnX
t_m[apÄs¡m­p
3. A\mJyXzmZKayXzm·\xjjvtT{µnb
ØntXx I
Nn·m{Xtah amßmWpcmImimZ]n
kq£va Ix I
4. NnZtWmx ]cakym´x tImSn
{_ÒmWvUtcWhx I
DXv] ¯nØnXn at`yXy eobt´ iàn
]cybmXv I
5. BImiw _mlyiq\yXzmZ\mImiw
Xp NnXzXx I
\ In©nZyZ\nÀtZiyw hkvXp kt¯Xn
In©\ I
A\nÀhN\obamb Bßmhv AKayamIp¶p.
a\ÊmIp¶ Bdmas¯ C{µb¯n Ccn¡p¶Xn\mÂ
AXv AWphnâmImcamWv. AXv Nn·m{Xhpw BImi
XX zs¯ ¡ m Ä A Xnk q£ v hp amI p¶p . C u ]a
Nn{Zp]mWphn tImSm\ptImSn {_ÒmWvUtcWp¡Ä
krjvSnØnXnebw tNcp¶p.
Bßmhv Nn{Zq]ambXn\m BImi¯n \n¶pw
`n¶amWv. F¶m _mlyiq\yXbm CXnsâ cq]w
hÀ®n¡m³ {]bmkamWv. CXv hkvXpcq]aÃ. F¶mÂ
k¯ BbXn\m hkvXp cq]hpamIp¶p.
6. tNXtkmfku {]ImiXtZzZy `mhmÑn
tem]ax I
kzmß\n thyma\n kztØPKZpt·j
Nn{XIrXv I
7. XXv `mam{XanZw hnizanXn \kym¯Xx ]rYIvI
PKXv t`tZmf]n XZv`m\anXn t`tZmf]n X·bxI
8. kÀhKx kÀhkw_tÔm KXy`mh\m KÑXn I
\mkv X ykmhm{ibm`mhmXvk {Zq]Xzm
XYmkvXnN I
9. hnÚm\am\µw {_ÒcmtXÀ ZmXpx
]cmbWw I
kÀh k¦ev] k\ymk tÝXkmbXv
]cn{Klx I
10. Pm{KXx {]Xybm`mhw bkymlpx {]Xybw
_p[mx I
bXv kt¦mN hnImkm`ymw PKXv
{]fb krjvSbx I
 645
I 11. \njvTm thZm´hmIym\m aY hmNma
tKmNcx I
Alw k¨nXv ]cm\µ {_ssÒhmkvXn
\ tNXcx I
CXv {]ImimßIamIbm ssNX\y kzcq]amWv.
F¶m thZ\mßIamIbm inemcq]hpamWv. DffnÂ
CXv hn`n¶ {]Imc¯n hntizmt·jw hfÀ¯p¶p.
hnizw AXn \n¶pw `n¶aÃ. Bßmhn ImWp¶
hnizt`Zhpw Bßmhn \n¶pw `n¶aÃ. kÀh _ÔI
ambXn\m AXv FhnsSbpw Kan¡p¶p. F¶m AXnÂ
KXn kzm`mhanÃm¯Xn\m k©cn¡p¶nÃ. \ncm{in
XamIbm \mkvXn cq]amWv; XXzcq]amIbm AkvXn
cq]tabpffq. [\Zmßmhnsâ al¯mb KXn CXpXs¶
GsXmcp {_Òw B\µ hnÚm\ cq]amWv, GXns\
kzoIcn¡pIbmtWm am\knI k¦ev]§fneqsS XymKw
am{Xambncn¡p¶Xv, _p²nam·mÀ GsXm¶nsâ t_m[
s¯bmtWm am\knI k¦ev ] §fneqsS XymKw
am{Xambncn¡p¶Xv, _p²nam·mÀ GsXm¶nsâ t_m[
s¯bmtWm Pm{KZhØbpsS t_m[s¯bmtWm
Pm{KZhØbpsS t_m[sa¶p ]dbp¶Xv. GsXm¶nsâ
kt¦mNw sIm­mtWm {]fbhpw hnImkw sIm­v
krjv Snbpw kw`hn¡p¶Xv . GsXm¶mtWm thZm-
´hmIy§fpsS \njvTmcq]hpw hmNmXoXhpambncn¡p-
¶Xv. B k¨nZm\µ kzcq]amb {_Ò¯n \n¶pw
Rm³ `n¶\Ã.
12. kzssbh kq£va bm _p[ymkÀhw
hnÚmXhm³ipIx I
kzbw {]m]vtX ]tchkvXp\y hn{im´ a\mx
ØnXxI
13. CZw hkvXznXn hnizmkw \mkmhmß
\yp]mb I
bu tIhew hnccmamky tNtXm hnjb
Nm]ew I
t`mtKt`ym `qcn `wtKt`ym [mcm`y Ch
NmXIx I
14. GIZmftkm ae {]tÚm tacm thIm´
kwØnXx I
]{]Ñ ]nXcw `àym IrjvWssZz]mbm\w
ap\nw I
15. kwkmcUw_canZw IYa`yp°nXw apt\ I
IYw N {]{iaw bmXn Inw bXv Iky
IZmN\ I
{ioipI³ Xsâ kq£v a _p²nbm CsXÃmw
a\Ênem¡n kzbw e`n¨ ]camß XXz¯n At±lw
eo\Nn¯\mbn. lrZb¯n CXpXs¶bmWv hkvXp
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Ip¶p? CsX§s\ hnebw {]m]n¡p¶p.? AXns\¡pdn
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kapZmlrXw I
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hmKznZmw hc I
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F\n¡v ]dªpX¶n«pap­v. A§p ]dªXpw AtX
Imcy§Ä Xs¶. imkv{X§fpw CXp Xs¶ DZvtLmjn
¡p¶p. am\knI k¦ev] ¯m {]]t©mXv]¯nbpw
B hnI ev ] ¯ ns â \ mi ¯ n {] ]© \ mih pw
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hkv Xp F´mWv? AsX\n¡v th­t]mse ]dªp
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I 36. irWpXmhZnZm\ow Xzw IYyam\anZw abm I
{ioipIw Úm\hnkvXmc _p²n
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hn\m ]p\x
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\ ]cmariytX tbmf´x k
Poh·pà DNytX
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eoessbhbm bx
XnjvTXn t[yb kwXymKo k
Poh·pà DNytX
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hr¯nZrjv Sp
kpjp]vXnhZyÝcXn k Poh·pà DNytX
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{]m]vXm\p¯a hn{im´nÀ\
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Poh·pà DNytX
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]v X t\m ZpxJ¯n hymIpet\m BIm¯h\mWv
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Bkàntbm CÃm¯h\pw Ft¸mgpw DZmko\\pam-
bh\mWv Poh·pà³.
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bkymkmh PUm kwhnXmk Pohapà
DNytX
49. cmK tZzju kpJw [À½m[À½u ^em ^te
bx ItcmXy\ t]ss£yhk Poh·pà
DNytX
50. au\hm³ \nclw`mthm \nÀ½mt\m apà
aÕc
bx ItcmXn KtXmtZzKx k Poh·pà DNytX
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km£nhZhØnXx
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DNytX
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kÀha´x ]cnXyàw k Poh·pà DNytXI
53. bmhXoZriyIe\mkItebw hntemIytX I
kmtb\ kpjvT pkwXyàm k Poh·pàm
DNytXI
54. ISz¾ehWw XnàþaarjvSw arjvT tahNm I
katah N tbm `pMvtàk
Poh·pà, DNytX I
 648
I 55. PcmacWam]¯ncmPyw Zmcn{Ztah N
cayantXyh tbm `pMvtàwk
Poh·pà, DNytX
56. [À½m[À½u kpJw ZpxJwXYm acW P·\oI
[nbmtb\ \y kwXyàwk Poh·pà
DNytX I
57. DtZzKm\µ clnXxkabm kzÑbm [nbm I
\ timNXn \ tNmtZXn k Poh·pà
DNytX I
58. kÀthÑmx kIemx i¦mx XYm kÀh
\nÝbmx
[nbm tb\ ]cnXyàmx k Poh·pà DNytX
59. P·ØnXnhn\mtijptkmZbm
kvXatbjv T N
katah at\m bky k Poh·pà DNytX
60. \ In©\ tZzjvSn XYm \ In©n
Z]nImw £Xn
`pMvtàb {]IrXm³ t`mKm³k Poh·pà
DNytX
61. im´kwkmc Ie\xIemhm\]n
\njvIfx bx
k Nnt¯mf]n \nÝn¯k Poh·pà
DNytX
62. bx kakvXmÀ° Pmtejphyhlmc]n
\nkv ]rlx
]cmÀt°jzn h ]qÀ®mßm k Poh·pà
DNytX.
Hcp Imcy¯nepw lyZb¯n BkànbnÃmsX
tNX\okwhnXv kzcq]\mb \nÀ½a {]IrXnbmWv
Poh·pà³. Hcp Imcy¯nepw ^emt]£IqSmsXbpw
cmKtZzj clnX\mbpw \ntc£\mbpw [À½m[À½§
fn \nÀen]vX \mbh\pamWv Poh·pà³. am\aÕ
cmZnIÄ shSnªv AlwImcw XyPn¨v hnImchnapà
\mbn DtZzKclnX\mbn IÀ½ \ncX\mbn«pffh\mWv
Poh·pà³. tam£clnX\pw km£nsbt¶mWw
PohnXw \bn¡p¶h\pw ^emt]£IqSmsX IÀ½w
sN¿p¶h\mWv Poh·pà³. [À½m. [À½§sfbpw
{]m]©nI hnjb§sfbpw ]änbpff Nn´ shSnª
h\mWv Poh·pà³. Cu hnimeamb {]]©s¯
]cn]qÀ®ambpw XyPn¨h\t{X Poh·pà³. ]qfn¸v,
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hn[¯nepff CÑIsfbpw kwib§sfbpw Ima\I
sfbpw \nÝb§sfbpw ]qÀ®ambn ]cnXyPn¨h\mWv
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D¶Xn, Ah\Xn F¶nhbnepw kam\Nn¯\mWv
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BImw£mclnX\pw H¶nepw CuÀjytbm tZzjtam
C Ã m ¯ h\ p a m W v P o h· p à ³ . X e m bp à t a m
IemclnXtam PohnXw GXphn[ambmepw {]m]©nIhn
jbNn´IÄ ssIshSnªh\mWv Poh·pIv X ³.
Xembpàtam IemclnXtam PohnXw GXphn[ambmepw
{]m ]© nIhnj bNn´ I Ä ssIs hSnª h\ mWv
Poh·pà³. {]©¯nse kIe [\hpw Npäp]mSpap
s­¦nepw Ahsb ]c[\sa¶t]mse IcpXn \nkv]rl
\mbn Ignbp¶h\mWv Poh· pà ³ B ßmhnÂ
]qÀ®Xzm\p`qXn DÄs¡mffp¶ almßmhmWv Poh·p
à³ Bßmhn ]qÀ®Xzm\p`qXn DÄs¡mffp¶
almßmhmWv Poh·pà³.
63. Poh·pà ]Zw Xypàzm kztZtl Ime
kmXvI rtX
hnapNy tZl apàXzw ]ht\mfkv]µXmanh
B alm³ icocw ImekmXvIcn¨v Poh·pà ]Zw
XyPn¨v \nÝe ]h\s\t¸mse tZl·pàmhkv Ysb
{]m]n¡p¶p.
64. hntZl aptàmt\mtZXm\mkvX taXn
\ imayXn I
\ k¶mk¶ ZqctØm \ Nmlw \ N
t\ Xcx
hntZlapàmhØbn D¶XntbmAh\Xntbm
ia\tam CÃ. Ahsâ AhØ kXv AkXv F¶nh
bv¡pw AXoXamWv. AhÀ ZqcØ\à Ah\n Alw`m
htam ]cm`htam CÃ.
65. XXx cnXXnX Kw`ocw \ tXtPm \
XakvXXw
A\mJya\`n hyàw kXv In©n
Zh injytX I
hntZlmhØbn Kmw`ocyhpw kvX_v[Xbpw \ne
sImffp¶p. AhnsS tXPtÊm XatÊm CÃ. A`nhyà
amIm¯Xpw A\nÀhN\obhpamb k¯pam{XamWhnsS.
 649

I 66. \ iq\yw \m]n NmImtcm \ Zriyw \m]n A§v kzbw a\Ênem¡nbn«p­tÃm. ]qÀ®ssNX\yw K
ZÀi\w I t\Sn A§v th­Xp t\Sn¡gnªp. {`aw Dt]£n¨mepw
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ØnXw I apà\mWv A§v _mlym`y´c Zriy§Ä I­n«pw
67. Ina\y{Xb]tZimßm ]qÀ®mXv ImWp¶nÃ. Fs´¶m A§v ssIheymhØbnÂ
]qÀ®Xcm IrXnxI tIhe km£n cq]¯n \nes¡mffp¶p.
\ k¶mk¶ kZk¶ `mthm `mh\w \ N I 74. hni{ima ipIkvXpjvWow kztØ
68. Nn·m{Xw ssNXyclnXa\´aPcw inhw ]cahkvXp\n
A\mZn a[y]cy´w bZ\mZn \ncmabw I hoXtimI `bmbmtkm \ncolx On¶
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kva rXw 75. PKma ioJcw tatcmx kam[yÀ°a
XmXx ]cXcw In©n¶nÝtbm JJWvUnXw
kvXy]tcm apt\ 76. XXz hÀj kl{kmW \nÀhnIev]
70. kzbtah Xzbm ÚmXw KpcpXÝ kam[n\m
]p\x {ipXw tZimØnXzm iimamkmhmß\y
kz k¦ev]himZv _t²m\nxk¦ev]m kvt\l Zo]hX.v
ZznapNytX 77. hy]KX Ie\mIf¦ ip²x I
71. tX\ kzbw Xzbm ÚmXw tÚbw kzbaaemß\n ]mht\ ]tZfku I
bkyalmß\x
t`mtKt`ym lycXnÀPmXZriymZzm k e oe I W C h mw _ p [ u am l mß m
kIemZnl hnKfnXhmk\taIXmw PKma I
72. {]m]vXw {]m]vXhyaJnew `hXm ]qÀ® {ioipI³ P\Isâ Cu D]tZi§Ä tI«v timI`b
tNXkm kwib {ia§sfm¶pw IqSmsX Imalo\\mbn ]caXz
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k¼qÀ®tIhexI
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Hcp Xc¯nepff BImchpw AXn\nÃ. AXv ambn ebn¨p tNÀ¶p.
iq\ytam AZriytam AÃ. ZriyhpaÃ. `qXm\n ]mZmÀ°
kaql lo\hpw. k{Zq]amb A\´¯n ØnXn aq¶ma[ymbw
sN¿p¶XpamWv . hnNn{X kXzmßIamb AXns\
hÀ®n¡m\mhnÃym AXnsâ BIrXn ]qÀ®s¯¡mÄ 1. \nZmtLm \ma ap\ncmSv {]m]v X hnZyÝ
]qÀ®amWv. _ me I x h nl r X k v X oÀ ° bm{ X mÀ ° w
]n{Xm\pÚmXhm³ kzbw.
AXv k¯nepw Ak¯nepw s]Sp¶nÃ. kwtbm
KmXoXhpw `mh\mXoXhqamWv. Nn¯ clnXw, A\´w, 2. k mÀ [ {X ntI mS n X oÀ tX zj p k v\ mX zm
tNX\mam{Xw hnizcq]w PcmclnXw IeymW Imcn Krlap]mKXx tkzmZ´w IYbmamk E`pw \Xzm
BZna[ym´ clnXwþ Cu hn[saÃmapffXmWXv. AXv almibmx
kÀhtZmjhn\nÀ½pàhpw A\mZnbpamWv. {ZpjvSp
sNdp¸¯nte hnZyIsfÃmw A`ykn¨p \nZmL³
ZÀi\ Zriy cq]¯n AXv tIhew ZÀi\ cq]sa¶v
F¶ ap\nt{ijvT³ ]nXmhnsâ A\pÚhm§n XoÀ°m
]dbs¸Sp¶p. ipI, CXns\¸än C{Xtb ]dbm\pffp.
S\¯n\v ]pds¸«p Cu bm{Xbn At±lw aq¶ct¡mSn
A§bv¡v Cu XXzw AdnbmatÃm. k¦ev]¯m Poh³
XoÀ°§fn kv\m\w sNbvXncp¶p.]ns¶ Krl¯nte
_Ô \¯ n s]Sp¶psh¶pw ]nXmhn \n¶pw
a\Ênem¡nbn«p­tÃm. kÖ\§Ä¡v {]m]©nIamb ¡p aS§n ]nXmhmb E`yalÀjntbmSv Xsâ XoÀ°mS\
Zriy{]]©t¯mSv hncàn tXm¶m\nSsImSp¡p¶ XXzw IY hnhcn¨p.

N P
 650
I 3. kmÀ[ {XntImSnXoÀt°bp kv\m\ ]pWy
{]`mhXxI
{]m`pÀ`qtXm a\kntahnNmcx
tkmfbao Zriyw
4. PmbtX {anbtX temtIm {]nbtX
P\\mb N I
AØncmxkÀh Gthta kNcmNc
tNjvS nXmx I
5. kÀhmhZmw ]Zw ]m]m `mhm hn`h`qabx I
AbxiemImkZrim ]ckv ]cakwKn\x I
injyt´ tIhem `mhm a\xIev]
\bmf\bm I
AÑ, Rm³ aq¶ct¡mSn XoÀ°§fn kv\ m\w
sNbvXp Cu PK¯v D­mIp¶p. \in¡p¶p.At\I XoÀ-
°§fn kv \m\w sNbvX Fsâ a\Ên Cu Nn´
D­mbn. D­mIm\mbn«mWv \in¡p¶Xv. Ccp¼pI¼nIÄ
AI¶mWncn¡p¶sX¦nepw Im´t¯mSSp¡pt¼mÄ
ASp¡p¶p.
6. `mthjzcXncmbmXm ]Yn Ikyacpjznh imay
XoZw IYw ZpxJanXn X]vtXm kvan tNXkm
7. Nn´m\nNb N{ImWn \m\µw b [\m\n ta
k{]kqXIf{XmWn KrlmWyw {Km]Zm hnh
8. Cbakvan³ ØntXm Zmcm
kwkmtc]cnt]ehm I
{inÀ apt\ ]cntamlmb tkmf]n ss\h\
iÀ½Zm I
9. Bbpx ]Ãh tImWm{K ew_mw_p
£W`wKpcw I
D·¯ Ch kwXyPybmXyImWvtU
icocIw I
10. hnjbmio hnjmkwK ]cnPÀPctNXkmw I
A{]uVmß hnthIm\ambpcmbmk
ImcWw. I
k©cn¡p¶ hyàn acq`qanbnse¯p¶tXmsS
Xfcp¶p. AXpt]mse kmwkmcnIX I­p AXn Rm³
hncà\mbn. Cu ZpxJ¯n \n¶v F§s\ tamN\w
In«psa¶ Nn´bnemWv Rm³. [\mßIhymtaml§Ä
P\§sf hebv¡p¶p. Cu [\§Ä F\n¡p kpJw
\ÂIm³ t]m¶XÃ.`mcym]p{XmZnIÄ ZpxJtlXp¡-
fmWv. e£vao tZhnbpw _p²namµyw D­m¡p¶hfmWv.
[\w BÀ¡pw kpJw \ÂIpIbnÃ. Ce¯p¼¯pff
Pe_nµp¡Ä t]mse a\pjysâ PohnXw £W`wKpc-
amWv. AXpsIm­pXs¶bmWv Rm³ AsXÃmw hn«v
D·¯s\t¸mse bm{X Xncn¨Xv. hnjbkpJamIp¶
N P
kÀ¸¯m _Ôn¡s¸«v PoÀ®a\ÊpIÄ¡v Bß
K
t_m[w D­m¡m³ sRcp¡w. AhcpsS PohnXw
t¢iImcWambn `hn¡p¶p.
11. bpPytX thjv \w hmtbm cmImiky N
JWv U\w
{KlWw N XwKmWmhmØm\mbpjnbp
PytX
12. {]m]yw kw{]m]vtXy tb\`qtbm tb\ \
timNytX
]cmbx \nhrtX Øm\wb¯ÖolX
apNytX
13. Xcthm ]n ln Poh´nPoh´n arK
]£nWk
PohXnat\mbkya\t\m Poh´n.
14. PmXmkvX Gh PKXnP´hx km[p PohnXm
tb ]p\À t\l Pmbt´tihm Pcw KÀ±`mx
15. `mtcmhnthIn\ximkv{Xw`mtcm Úm\w
NcmKnWx
Aim´kyat\m `mcxZmtcm\mß hnZmw h]px
16. Alw¦mc himZm ]þZl¦mcm±pcm[bx
Alw¦mc himZolm\m¦mcmXv]tcmcn]px
17. CXtÝ XÝ kphy{KwhyÀ° tahm
`n[mhXn
at\mZqcXcw bmXm{Kmta IutebtXmbYm
19. {IqtcW P\Xmw bmXmXrjvWm `mcy\p
Kman\m
himw Iuteb tIt\h{_Ò³
`ptàmkvantNXkm
20. A]n kmKc]m\Xv NkptaczmtcmlWm Z]n
AhnhÓyi\mXv {_Ò³hnjaÝn¯
\n{Klx
Xkva n³ £otW PKXv £oWwXXv
NnInÕyw{]bXmX!
hmbphns\ Npcp«p¶Xpw BImiw IjWam¡p¶
Xpw kap{ZXcwK§Ä sI«nsbmXp¡p¶Xpw km[n
t¨¡mw. F¶mepw PohnX¯n BØ hln¡m³
F\n¡v {]bmkamWv. PohnXw FÃm {]Imc¯nepw
sRcp¡w \ÂIp¶XmWv. P·acWN{I¯n InS¶v
sR c¡ m\nShcm¯Xnsâ PohnXamWv t{ij v T w.
Bhm¯ NpaSp Nph¡p¶ hbʳ IgpXbpsS a«mWv
]ecpsSbpw PohnXw. Ú m\n¡ v imk v { Xw `mc-
amWv.BßÚm\lo\\v PohnXw Xs¶ `mcamIp¶p.
Al¦mcamWv. kIe ZpxJ¯n\pw ImcWw. AXv
B]¯v hcp¯n¯oÀ¡pw. a\pjysâ Gähpw henb
 651
I i{XphmWXv AlwImcw \nan¯w Rm³ ]e hn[
t`mK§fnepw s]«p AsXms¡ anYybmbncp¶p.
Al¦mcw \nan¯w Rm³ ]e hn[ t`mK§fnepw s]«p
AsXms¡ anYybmbncp¶p. Al¦mccmlnXyamWv
PohnX¯nsâ kmÀ°IX. {Kma§Ä tXmdpw Aeªp
Xncnbp¶ ]«nsbt¸mse ]ecpw t`mK§Ä tXSn
Aebp¶p. almtacp ]ÀhXw ]ngpXpamäp¶Xnepw
kap{ZPeamsI IpSn¨p hän¡p¶Xnepw {]bmkamWv
a\Ê ns\ \ nb{´ n¡ pIsb¶ Xv A á nIpSn¡ pI
Ffp¸amWv; ]t£ Nn¯ \n{Klw {]bmkamWv. a\Êv
_mlym`ym´ c§fn Dgep¶p. Pm{KXv k z]v \
kpjp]vXymßIamb PohnXw t{ijvTam¡m³ {ian¡Ww.
a\Êns\ \nb{´n¡pIbmWv AXn\v {][m\ambpw
Bhiyw.
22. bmw bmalw ap\nt{ijvT kw{ibman
KpW{inbw
Xmw Xmw Ir´Xnta XrjvWmX{´n anh
IpaqjnIm
23. ]Zw ItcmXyewt^y ]nXr]vtX
]n^eaohmtX
Nncw XnjvTXn ss\I{XXrjvWm N]e
aÀ¡So
24. £WambXn ]mXmfw £Ww bmXn
\`Øew
£Ww {`aXn Zn¡pRvtP XrjvWm lrXv
NßjSv ]Zw
25. kÀhkwkmc ZpxJm\mwXrjvssWh ZoÀL
ZpxZm\mwA´x]pcØa]nbmtbmPb
XyXnk¦tS
26. Xrjv WmXn jNnIm a{´Ýn´m XymtKm
kZznP
kvtXmtI \m\µ ambmXnkvtXmtXm
tX\mbmXn tJZmXmw
27. kmkvXn tZh kax timtNym \ \otNm KpW
hÀÖnX
28. Itfhc al¦mcKrlky almKrlw.
EtXz taXp hm ssØcyw Inat\\ Kpcu aa.
29. ]wàn _t²{µnb ]ipwhevKXrjvWm
Krlm¦Ww Nn¯ `rXy P\mIoÀ®wt\jvSw
tZl Krlw aa
30. Pnlzm aÀ¡SnIm {Im´hZ\Zzmc `njWw
ZrjvT Z´mØn Ie\wt\jvT w tZl
Krlw aa
apt\, sImffcpXm¯ Fen hoWbpsS I¼n apdn¨p
Ifbp¶Xpt]mse XrjvW Fsâ t{ijv T KpW§sf
N P
apdn¨p IfbpIbmWv. Cu XrjvW N©ebmb Hcp K
s]¬Ipc§p t]msebmWv AXptIdn ieyap­m¡m¯
ØeanÃ. AXv HcnSw Ignªm asäm¶v C§s\
NmSn¨mSn \S¡p¶p. AXv Nnet¸mÄ BImi¯nÂ
Npän¡d§psa¦n Nnet¸mÄ ]mXmf¯n Id§p¶p.
]ns¶ hn`n¶ ZniIfnepw ]mbp¶p. temI¯n Gähpw
ieyap­m¡p¶Xv XrjvWbmWv. lÀay§fn kpJn¨p
Ignbp¶hscbpw AXv Xmsg Xffnhnjan¸n¡p¶p.
XrjvW Hcp almamcnbmsW¶pw ]dbmw. Nn´ Hcpan¨p
\nÀ¯m³ Ignªm kpJw t\Smw. Nn´ ZpxJIcamWv.
Cu tZls¯t¸mse XpÑambns«m¶nÃ. Al¦mcsa¶
Krlس `cn¡p¶ hoSmWv Cu tZlw. Cu tZlw
Gsd¡mew \ne\n¡s«. DS³ Xs¶ \in¡s«. F\n¡v
B Imcy¯n Nn´bnÃ. \m¡mIp¶ s]¬Ipc§v
IS¶m{Ian¡p¶ Cu hmbv `oIcw Xs¶. ]ÃpIfIp¶
AØn Xn§nb Cu tZlamIp¶ Krlw F\n¡v
lrZyaÃ.
31. càamwkabkymky_mlym`ym´tc apt\
\mssiI [À½ntWm {_plnssIh
ImbkycayXm
32. XSnÕp icZt{`jvTKÔÀhw \KtcjvTp N
ssØcyw tb\ hn\iy´nk hnizkn Xp
hn{Ktl
33. ssiith KpcptX `XnamXrXx ]nXrXØYm
P\tXm tPyjvS hmemÝssihw `baµncw
34. kz Nn¯ _ne kwtØ\\m\m hn{`a
ImcnWm
_emXv Ima]nimtN\hnhi ]cn`qbtX
35. Zmkmx ]p{Xm kv{Xosb ssÝh_mÔ hmx
kplrXkvXYm
lk ´yp ·¯ ahnh\cw _m[II·nXw
36. ssZ\ytZmjabo ZoÀLmhÀ²tX hmÀ±tI
kv] rlm
kÀh]ZmtaI kJolrZn Zml{]Zmbn\o
37. IzNnZzm hnZytX tbjmwkwkmtc kpJ `m
th\BlpxkvXw `anhmkmZrImekvXma]n
Ir´Xn
38. XrWw ]mwkpw atl{µxNkphÀ®w tacp
kÀjhw
Bß`ocpXbm kÀhþamß kmXv
IÀ¯papZyXx
Imtem bw kÀhkwlmcotX\m{Im´w
PK{Xbw
C§s\bpff tZlamIp¶ Krlw F\n¡v \¶mbn
tXm¶p¶nÃ. Cu tZlw AI¯pw ]pd¯pw amwk
 652
I càabamWv. Cu \mih¯mb tZl¯n kuµcysa
hnsS? an¶Â N©eXbpw KÔÀh\Kcnbn N]eXbpw
Csæn am{Xw Cu icoc¯nsâ ØncXbn hnizm
kaÀ¸n¡pI. icoc¯nse aq¶hØIfpw `b{]ZamWv.
Ip«n¡me¯n henbhcn \n¶pw amXm]nXm¡·mcnÂ
\n¶pw `bw; buÆ\¯n Xsâ Dffn Xs¶bpff
ImaamIp¶ ]nimNn \n¶v `bw; hmÀ²Iy¯nÂ
ZpÀ_e\mbn hndbv¡p¶ kv{XoIfpsSbpw _Ôp¡Ä,
an{X§Ä, ]p{X·mÀ, ]p{XnIÄ, the¡mÀ kIecpsSbpw
]cnlmk¯n\v ]m{XamIp¶p. IgnhptISp hcpt¼mÄ
B{Kl§Ä IqSp¶p. hmÀ²Iyw k IecpsSbpw
B]¯pIÄ¡pw ImcWamWv. a\pjy³ tXSp¶ kpJw
FhnsSbmWv? Ime³ PohnIsf ]pÃns\m¸w Acnbp¶p.
Ime¯n\v atl{µ ]ÀÆXs¯ IpSp¡m\pw ISpIv
almtacphm¡m\pw Icp¯ p­v . AXp kIeXpw
XIÀ¡p¶p. A§s\bpff Imew aq¶ptemI¯nepw
hym]n¨ncn¡p¶p.
39. amwk ]m©men ImbmkvXpa{´temew
K]Rv Ptc
kv\mbzØn{KÙn imekym; kv{Xnbx
Inan]tim`\m
40. XzMv amwkcà _mjv]mw_p]rYIv IrXzm
hntemNt\
kamtemIb cayw tNXv Inw ap[m]cn
aplykn
41. tacpirwKw XtSmÃmkn KwKm Pectbm]am
Zrjv Smbkvan³ apt\ bpàmlmctkym
ÃmaimenXm
42. ivaimt\jp ZnKt´jvTk Gh ee\mkvX\x
iz`ncmkzmPytX ImteeLp]nWvUan
hmÔkx
43. tIi kÖm hn[mcntWym Zpkv]Àitem
N\{]nbm
Zpjv IrXm áninJm \mtcymZl´n XrW
h¶cw
44. PzeXmaXn Zptc ]mkckm A]n \ockm
kv{Xotbm ln\cImáo\mþhnÔ\w
tZmjImcIw.
45. Ima\mav\m IncmtX\hnIo˨mxapKv[tN
Xkx\mtIym \chnlwKm\mþawK_Ô\
hmKpcmx
46. P· ]ev]eaám\mw Nn¯ IÀ±a NmcnWmw
]pwkmw ZpÀhmk\m cÖqÀ\mco
_Ôni]nWv UoIm
N P
47. kÀthjmw tZmjcXv\m\mkpa K
apZvKnIb\mbm
ZpxJ iywJebm\nXyaeakvXp aa kv{Xnbm
48. bky kv{Xn Xky t`mtKÑm\nkv{XoI
kyIzt`mK`pw
kv{ Xobw XyàhXm \nXywPKXv Xyàzm
kpJo`htX
tZlw b{´wt]mse N©eamWv. AØnamwk
]nWvUamb kv{Xo icoc¯n F´p kuµcyamWncn
¡p¶Xv? Imcyambn H¶panÃm¯Xn tamln¡p¶Xn
se´v AÀ°w? kv {Xo, kptacp inJc¯n \ns¶mgp
Ip¶ \Znt]mse N©eamWv. ]ecpw tamln¡p¶ kv{Xo
icocw iv a im\¯n ]«nIÄ ISn¨p hen¡p¶p.
tIi`wKnbpw ARvP\sagpXnb I®pIfpsS `wKnbpw
{]nbwIcambn tXm¶mw, ]t£ Ahkm\w AsXÃmw
hn[mhnsâ ZpaqXnsb¶p ]dbmw. AhÀ \cImánbnse
CÔ\Xpeysa¶v ]dbmw. AhcpsS kckXbpw
\ockXbmbn ]cnWan¡p¶p. Ima\mb th«Imc³
am\mIp¶ ]pcpjs\ sI«nbnSm³ XoÀ¯ IbdmWvkv{Xo,
a\ÊmIp¶ Nfnbn IpSp§nb ]pcpj\mIp¶
aÕys¯ ]nSn¡m³ ]änb hebmWv kv{Xo. Cu kap{Zw
kIetZmj§fpamIp¶ cXv \ §Ä \nÀ½n¡p¶p.
kv{XoIÄ ASp¯pffhÀ AhcpsS hnemktNjvSIfnÂ
IpSp§p¶p. kv {XoIÄ ASp¯nÃm¯hÀ¡v t`mKem-
ekàn In«p¶nÃ.
kv{Xosb XyPn¡m³ Ignªh\v temsI XyPn¡m³
Ignbpw kmwkvImcnI kpJw XyPn¨h\mWv kpJnam³.
AXn\m ZpxJ¯nsâ B N§e s]m«ns¨dntb­
Xp­v.
49. Zntim]n Xln Zriyt´tZtim ]y tkym
] tZiIrX
ssiem A]n hnfocyt´iocyt´
XmcIm Ahn
50. ipjy´n N kap{ZmÝep]yt´ {[ph XmcImx
kn²m A]nhn\iy´nPocyt´ Zm\hmZbx
51. ]ctajvSy]n \njvTmhm³ lnbtX lcnc]yPx
`thm ]y `mhambmXnPocytX N ZnKoizcmx
52. {_Òm hnjvWp Ý cp{ZÝkhmhm
`qb PmXb
\mitahm\p `qbt´kenem\oh _mUhw
53. B]Zx £Wamb´n£Wambm´n k¼Zx
£Ww P·mYacWw kÀhw \izctahXXv
54. AiqtcW lXm icmGtX\ ]n iXw lXx
hnjw hnjb sshjayw\ hnjw hnj apNytX
 653

I 55. P·m´cLv\m hnjbmGIP·lcw hnjw GIkvan³ hitKbm´n NXzmtcm hn K

CXn ta tZmj Zmhmán ZKt² ]iwKXmx
kw{]Xn tNXkn 4. imkvss{Xx kÖ\ kwkÀ¤ ]qÀhssIÝ
56. kv^pc´n ln \ t`mKmZv arK Xt]mZssax BZu kwkmc apàyÀ°w
Xrjv Wm kcxkz]n {]PRmtahm`nhÀ²tbXv
AtXm amw t_m[bmipXzw XXzÚmt\\ 5. kzm\p`qtX Ý imkv{Xky Kptcm
sshKptcm ssÝsshI, hmIyXm
57. t\m tN·\w kaØmb \nÀ½mt\m bkym`ymtk\ tX\m·m kXXw Nmh
KX aÕcx temIytX
`mhb³ a\km hnjvWpw en]n 6. k¦ev]mip kÔm\ hÀP\w tNXv
IÀ½mÀ¸ntXm]ax {]Xn£Ww
Itcmjn XZNn¯Xzw {]m]vX
Cu PK¯v \mih¯mWv. CXv AZriyamIpt¼mÄ
Ghmkn ]mh\w
Z¡pIfpw ImWs¸SnÃ. tZi§Ä Ime¯n\pffnÂ
Bgp¶p. ]ÀhX§Ä XIcp¶p. \£{X§Ä Nn¶n 7. tNXtkm bZIÀ¯rXzw XXv kmam[m\
¨nXdp¶p. kap{Zw häp¶p;{[ph\£{Xhpw ep]v Xam aocnXw
Ip ¶p. Zm \h · mcpw k n² · mcpw \m iaSbp¶ p. XtZh tIheo`mh km ip`m \nÀhrXnx]cm
AP·mhmb hnjvW phpw NncØmbnbmb {_Òmhpw 8. tNXkmkw ]cnXyPy kÀh `mhmß
IqSn cp{Z\pw Pew _Uhmán e£yam¡n hnebw `mh\mw
{] m ] n¡ p ¶ k I e X p w h n\ m i ¯ n\ p t \ À¡ v
bYm XnjvTkn XnjvTXzw aqImÔ
]mªSp¡p¶p. B L«¯n kIe `mh§fpw B
_[ntcm ]ax
`mh§fmbn ]cnWan¡p¶p. B]¯pIÄ IqSp¶p;
kIe ssh`h§fpw ep]v X am¡p¶p. £W¯n 9. kÀhw {]im´aPtaIa\mZna[y
P·hpw £W¯n arXyphpw h¶pIqSp¶p. Cu am `mkzc kzZ\am{Xa ssNX\yNnÓw
PKs¯Ãmw \in¡p¶XmWv . `ocp¡Ä iqc·msc kÀh{]im´anXn i_vZabo N ZrjvSnÀ
\in¸n¡pw. Hcph³ Xs¶ At\Iw t]sc sIms¶mSp t_m[mÀ°tah ln apss[h XtZmanXoZw
¡p¶p. C§s\ kIe Zn¡nepw {]bmkw ]c¡p¶p.
10. kÀhw InwNnZnZw Zriyw ZriytX
hnjbm`nemjamIp¶ hnjw Gsd \miw hnXbv¡p¶p.
tNZv PKZvKXw
Fsâ Nn¯w tZmjamIp¶ Im«pXobm I¯n¡cnªp
F¶mepw arKacoNnIbmIp¶ XSmI¯n \n¡pIbm Nn¶njv]µmw i am{Xw X¶m\yZkvXoXn
sW¦nepw Rm³ t`mKm`nfmj¯n \n¶v AIsebmWv. `mhb
Kptcm, F\n¡v A§v XXzÚm\w \ÂIpI. Asæn 11. \nXy {]_p²Nn¯kvXzw IpÀh³ hm]n
Rm³ A`nam\aÕcmZnIÄ ssIhn«v au\nbmbn `Khms\ PKXv {Inbmw
kvacn¨p Ignbs«. BssßIXzw hnZnXzm Xzw XnjvT£p_v[
kap{ZhXv.
NXpÀt°m²ymbw
\nZmLsâ Cu hm¡ptI«v Ahsâ ]nXmhmb
1. \nZmL Xh\mkvX\yXvtÚbw Ejnhc³ E`p ]dªp:- þ ""]p{X \o Úm\nIfnÂ
Úm\hXmw hc t{ijvT\mWv. C\n \n\¡v Adntb­Xmbns«m¶panÃ.
{]ÚbmXzw hnPm\mkn Cuizcm\p Cuizc Ir]bm kzbw \o Adnsb­sXÃmw Adnªp.
KrloXbm F¦nepw Nn¯¯nep­mb aen\XbpsS {`aw Rm³
2. Nn¯amen\y kwPmXwamÀPbman {`aw apt\ AIän¯cmw iaw Nn¯, B\µw, kÕwKw Ch\m
tam£Zzmtc Zzmc]memÝXzmcx ]cn epamWv. tam£Zzmc¯nsâ Imh¡mÀ. AXnsem¶v
IoÀ¯nXmx hi¯m¡nbm _m¡nbm _m¡nbpffsXÃmw
hiambns¡mffpw.
itam hnNmcx kt´mjÝXpÀ°m km[p
kwKax PKXv ]mi¯n \n¶v ap¡vX\mIm\pff B{Kl
3. Ghw hm kÀhbXvt\\kÀhapÕrPy apff ]£w A[yb\w X]Êv, Zaw, kÕwKw ChbmÂ
kw{itbXv {]Úsb hfÀ¯pI. imkv{Xm`ymkw Kpcp]tZiw

N P
 654
I \nc´cm`ymkw. Chbm BßNn´\w km[yamIpw.
ZrVk¦ev]apff ]£w ssIhey{]m]vXn kpe`amWv.
Nn¯¯nsâ AIÀ¯rXzw Xs¶bmWv Nn¯hr¯n
\ntcm[w {]m]©nI hkv X p¡fnse Bß`mh\
ssIhnSWw. {]m]©nI kpJ§fpsS t\À¡v aqI\pw,
AÔ\pw, _[nc\pamIpI. i_v Z ßIamb bpàn
Nn´sIm­v ^eanÃ. {]WhamWv ]caamb km[Iw .
N nÕ v ] µ \ ¯ ns â {] Xn` m k ¯ ns â k I e X p w
Nn¯amWv kIeXpw Nn¯amW kIe¯n\pw B[mcw.
kmwkvImcnI IÀ½§fn DÄs¸«mepw {]_p²amb
tNX\tbmsS Bßmhnsâ GIo`mh¯n\pXIp¶
PmRm\w t\SpI. almkmKc¯ns\m¸w A£p_v[Nn
¯\mIpI.
12. XXzm t_m[tahmku hmk\m XrW ]mhIx
t{]màwkam[ni_vtZ\,hXpXqjv W oa
hØnXnx
13. \ncntÑ kwØntX cXvt\ bYm temIx
{]hÀ¯tX
k¯mamt{X ]tc XtXz XssYhmbw
PKZv KWx
14. AXÝmß\n IÀ¯rXzw AIÀ¯rXzw N
sshapt\ \ncnÑXzIÀ¯m kuIÀ¯m
k¶n[nam{XXx
15. tX tZz {_ÒmWn hntµXIÀ¯rXm
IÀ¯rtX apt\
bss{Xh sshj NaXv¡mckvXam{inXy
Øntcm`h
16. Xkva m¶nXyaIÀ¯mlanXn`mh\tb²bm
]camarX\mav\ o km kassXhmh injytX
17. \nZmL {irWpkXztØm PmXm
Zphn alm KptWmx
tX \nXytahm`ypZnXm apZnXmx N Cthµhx
BßÚm\w t`mKm`nemjamIp¶ ]pÃv I¯n
sbcnbn¡p¶ AánbmWv. AXpXs¶ kam[n. shdpsX
au\ambncp¶m kam[nbmhnÃ. cXv\w InS¡p¶Xp
I­m BÀ¡mbmepw AXn\pt\À¡v Xmev] cyw
D­ mIpw. A Xpt]mse ]cmXXz¯n\p t\À¡ pw
hnizsaÃmw BIrjv Sambncn¡pw. Bßmhn IÀ-
¯rXzhpw AIÀ¯rXzhpwap­v. Ima\bnÃm¯ ]£w
Bßmhv AIÀ¯mhmWv, k¶n[nbm IÀ¯mhmIp¶p.
{_Ò¯n IÀ¯rXz¯nsâbpw AIÀ¯rXz¯nsâbpw
D]e_v [ nbp­v . ""Rm³ F¶pw A IÀ¯ mhmWv ''.
A§\s¯ `mh\bn­mbm ]camarXsa¶ AhØ
bp­mIp¶p. kXzKpWt¯mSp tNÀ¶h\mWv. KpW
hm³. Ah³ BImiØ\mb N{µs\t¶mWw lÀjn
X\mIp¶p. D¶Xnioe\mbn `hn¡p¶p.
N P
18. \m]Zn ¥m\namb´n \nintlaw _pPw bYm K
t\lt´ {]IrXmZ\yþ{`at´ injvShÀß\n
19. BIrssXyh hncmPt´ ssa{XymZn
KpW hr¯n`nx
kamx kackmx kuaykXXw
km[p hr¯bx
20. A_v[ nh²XacymZ `h´n hniZmibmx
\nbXnw \ hnap©´nalmt´m `mkvIcm Ch
21. tIm lw IYanZw tNXnkwkmc ae amXXw
{]hnNmcyw {]btX\\ {]mtÚ\
klmhtkXv
{ZjvShyx kÀhkwlÀ¯m\ arXypctl bm
23. icocaØn amwkw N Xyàzm
càmZy tim`\w
`qXapàmheoX´pw Nn·m{XahtemItbXv
24. D]mtZbm\p]X\wtlssbIm´ hnkÀP\w
btZX·\tkm cq]w XZv_ mlyw
hn²n t\XcXv
25. Kpcpimkvt{Xmà amÀt¤Wkzm\p`qXym
NNnZv Lt\
{_ssÒ hmlanXn ÚmXzm hoX
timtIm`th·p\nx
b{X \ninXmkn iX]mX\ apev] eXmU\
hXv tkmUhyw Aán Zmtlm lnatkN\ anh
AwKmcmhÀ¯n\w Nµ\ NÀ¨t\h \nch[n\mcm
N \n Ic ]mXm \nZmL hnt\mZ[mc. KrlioI
c W h À j W anh k zi nc tÑ Z x k p J \ n t{Z h
aqIoIcW am\\apss{Zh _m[ncyw alm\pNb
Ch \mh tl \bm `hnhyw Ghw ZrV sshcm
KymXv t_mt[m `hXn.
26. KpcphmIy kap{Z `qXkzm\p`qXymXn ip²bm
bkym Zymtk tX\mßmkXXw Nmh
temIytX
27. hn\jvSZnKv{`akym]nbYm]qÀhw
hn`mXn ZnàYm
hnÚm\hn[zkvXw PK¶mkvXoXn `mhb
28. \ [\m\yp] IpÀh´n \ an{XmWn
\ _mÔhmx
\ Imbt¢i ssh[pcyw \ XoÀ°mbcm
\m{ibx
tIhew X³at\mam{Xa\t\mkmZytX ]Zw XXzm[n
jvTnX\mb hyàn cm{XnbmIp¶ hn]¯n kzÀ®¯m
acsbt¸mse IpWvTnXs¸SpIbnÃ. X\n¡v kzm`mhnI
ambn In«p¶XneÃmsX asäm¶nepw Bi hln¡m
 655
I ¯h\pw imkv{Xm\rXamb Ncybn s]Sp¶h\pw
ssa{Xn, IcpW, k´pjvSn apXemb KpWw tNÀ¶h
\pamb hyàn¡v am{Xta bYmÀ° k\ymknbmIm³
Ignbq. kap{Z¯ns\m¸w Kmw`ocyt¯msS kqcys\t¸m
se \nbX amÀ¤¯n Ncn¡m³ AbmÄ¡p Ignbp¶p.
{]© krjv Snsb¸änbpw aäpw Nn´n¡Ww. \ncÀ°I
Imcy§fn s]SpItbm ZpjvSkwkÀ¤w hln¡pItbm
AcpXv. acWw kIeXns\bpw hngp§psat¶mÀ¡pI.
AØn amwkmßI \izc tZl¯n aaX AIäpI.
\qen tImÀ¯ PohPme§sf kvacn¡pI. tlbh
kvX p¡Ä ssIhn«v D]mtZb hkvX p¡Ä {Kln¡pI.
a\Êv, _mlyamWv; B´cnIaÃ, ""Alw {_Òmkvan
F¶ XXztamÀ¯v timImZnIsf XyPn¡pI. AZvt_mZ
ap­mbm \qdpIW¡n\v hmÄ hoiepw Xmachfbpambn
A\p`hs¸Spw. Xobnen«p Np«mepw XWp¯ shff¯nÂ
hoW{]XoXntb D­mIq. Xo¡\ icoc¯n hogp
¶Xpw Nµ\te]\hpambn A\p`hs¸Spw aqÀ¨tbdnb
_mW§Ä hÀj¯nse ag¯pffnIÄ¡v kam\am
bncn¡pw. Xe sh«nsbSp¡p¶Xpw im´\n{Z¡v Xpey
ambn A\p`hs¸Spw. aqI\mIp¶Xv au\t¯msSm¸
amIpw; sNhn tIÄ¡mXmIp¶Xv im´n {]ZamIpw.
sshcmKy¯m am{Xta A§s\sbmcp AhØ ssIh
cpIbpffq. kZv Kpcphnsâ D]tZiw ]n´pScpI;
am\knIamb ]hn{XX t\SpI. A§s\bmIpt¼mÄ
Bß km£mXv¡ mcw e`n¡pw. ZnKv{`aap­mbmepw
icnbmb ZnimÚm\w e`n¡pw. [\¯nt\m an{X§Ä
t¡m _Ôp¡Ät¡m ]p{X]cnhmcmZnIÄt¡m a\pjy\v
bYmÀ° D]Imcw sN¿m\mhnÃ. imcocnI t¢iw D­m-
bnsöv sht¨m XoÀ° kv\m\mZnIfn apgpInsb¶-
XpsImt­m a\pjy\v bYmÀ° em`w D­mhnÃ. Nn·m{X
e_v[ntb Ah\v imizXamb kpJw \ÂIpIbpffq.
29. bm\n ZpxJm\n bm XrjvWm Zpxklm
tb Zpcm[bx
im´tNXx kpXXvkÀhw XtamÀt¡jp
Ch\iyXn
30. amXcoh ]cw bm´n hnjamWn arZq\nN
hnizmk anl `qXm\n kÀhmWn iaimen\n
31. \ ckmb\]mt\\ \ e£vaymenwK\n
tX\ N
\ XYm kpJam]vt\mXn ita\m´À
bYm P\x
32. {ipXzm kv] rjvSzm N `qàzm N ZrjvSzm
ÚmXzmip`m ip`w
\ lrjyXn ¥mbXn bx k im´
CXn IYytX
33. XpjmcIc_nw_mÑw at\m bky \ncmIpew
actWmÕhbpt²jvT k im´ CXn IYytX
N P
34. X]kznjp _lptÚjp K
bmPtIjp \rt]jp N
_ehÕp KpWmtVyjp iahmt\h cmPtX
35. kt´mjmarX]mt\\ tb im´m kvXr]vXn
amKmXmx
Bßmcmam almß\kvtX alm ]Z amKXmx
36. A{]m]vXw ln ]cnXyPy kw{]m]vtX
kaXmw KXx
AZrjvS tJZ tJtZm [o bx k´pjvS
CXn IYytX
37. \m`n\µXy kw{]m]vXw{]m]vXw kvtX\
`p¦vtX btY]vknXw
bx k kuaykamNmcx k´pjvS
CXn XYytX
38. catX [ocyYm {]m]vtX km[zo hmf´x
]pcmPntc
km Poh·ptàm tZXn kzcq]m\µ Zmb\ow
39. bYm£Ww bYmim{Xw bYmtZiw
bYm kpJw
bYm kw`hÕwKanaw tam£]ZmßIw
XmhZznNmctbXv {]mtÚm bmhZzn{im´n
amß\n
40. Xpcyhn{im´nbpàky\nhr¯ky
`hm˨hmXv
PohtXmfPohXssÝh KrlØkym
YhmbtX
41. \mIrtX\ IrtX\mÀt°m \ {ipXn
kvarXn hn{`ssax
\nÀ½µc Chmwt`m[n k XnjvTXn
bYm ØnXx
temI¯n GtXsXÃmw ZpxJ§fpw t¢i§fpw
ZpÝn´Ifpapt­m AhsbÃmw im´Nn¯\v kqcyInc
W§fn AÔImcsat¶mse \jvSamIp¶p. _me³
A½bn hnizmkaÀ¸n¡p¶Xpt]mse ia {]IrXn
kIeXpw ]camßmhn AÀ¸n¡p¶p. im´n e`n¨mÂ
D­mIp¶ B\µw Gsd ]Ww In«nbXpsImt­m
AarX]m\w Xs¶ km[yambXpsImt­m D­mhnÃ.
ip`w tI«v kt´mjm[nIytam ZpxJhmÀ¯ tI«v
hnjmZteitam D­mIm¯h\mWv im´³. N{µs\m¸w
ioXfamb a\Êpffh\pw DÕhtam bp²tam acWtam
F´mbmepw ]m] hnjmZmZnIÄ tNcm¯h\pamWv
im´³. bmNI·mtcm X]kznItfm cmPm¡·mtcm
h\hmknItfm BcpamIs« iaamWv AhÀs¡Ãmw
tbmKyX \ÂIp¶Xv. kt´mjmarXw ]m\w sNbvXv
im´cmIp¶hcmWv Bßmcma·cmb almßm¡Ä.
 656
I AhÀ¡mWv ]ca]Zw In«p¶Xv. In«nbXn Xr]vXn
s¸SpI, In«m¯Xn \ncmitXm¶mXncn¡pI F´nepw
kwXr]vXn hln¡pI C§s\bpffh\mWv bYmÀ°
¯n k´pjvS ³. ]hn{XX Xsâ Krlm¦W¯nÂ
Ignªp IqSn X\n¡pffXn B\µw ImWp¶hcmWv
Poh\apà·mÀ, Bß kwXr]vXn e`n¡p¶Xp hsc
Ime tZimhØIf\pkcn¨p; im{Xm\pIqeIÀ½§Ä
sNbvX pw tam£WamÀ¤s¯¸än Nn´n¨pw Ignªp
IqSWw. XpcobmhØbnse hn{iaw e`n¨hcpw kwkmc
kap{Z¯n \n¶pw \nhr¯cpambhÀ KrlØt\m
k\ymkntbm BIs«. kmwkv¡ mcnI _Ô\§fnÂ
s]«p Ignª mep w A Ãm¯ \nebnemsW¦ nepw
{ipXnkvarXnIfpsS IpSp¡pIfn s]tS­XnÃ. A£p
_v[amb kap{Zw t]mse \nesIm­v BßØnX\mbn
Ah\v kIeXpw {]m]n¡m³ km[n¡pw.
42. kÀhmßthZ\w ip²w btZmtZXn XhmßIw
`mXn {]krXn Zn¡mem_mlyw
Nn{Zq] tZlIw
43. Ghamßm bYm b{X kapÃmkap]mKXx
XnjvT Xymip XYm X{X X{Zq]Ý hncmPtX
44. bZnZw ZriytX kÀhw PKXvØmhc PwKaw
XXv kpjp]vX mhnh kz]v\x
Iev]mt´ {]hn\iyXn
45. EXamßm ]cm {_Ò kXyanXymZnIm_pss[x
Iev] nXm hyhlmcmÀ°w bky kwÚm
almß\x
46. bYm ISI i_vZmÀ°x ]rYKv`mthm
\ Im©\mXv
\ tlaISIm¯ZzÖKÑ_vZmÀ°Xm ]cm
47. tX\ban{µPme {inÀPKXo {]hnX\ytX
{`jvSpÀ Zriyky k¯m´_Ô
CXy`n [obtX
48. {ZjvSm ZriyhimZv_vt[m Zzt\zm Zriym`mth
hnapNytX
PKXzalanXymZnkÀ¤mßm ZriyapNytX
49. a\sskth{µPme {ioÀPKXo {]hnX\ytX
bmhtZXXv kw`hXn Xmht·mt£m
\ hnZytX
50. {_ÒWm X\ytX hnizw a\sskh
kzbw `qhm
at\mabatXm hnizw b¶ma]cnZriytX
51. \ _mtly \m]n lrZtb k{Zq]w
hnZytX a\x
bZÀ°w {]Xn`m\w XXv a\ CXym`n[obtX
N P
52. k¦ev]\w at\m hn²n, k¦ev] K
kvX{X hnZytX
b{X k¦ev]\w X{X at\mfkvX oXy
hKayXmw
53. k¦ev]a\ko`nt¶m \ IZmN\ tI\ NnXv
k¦ev]PmtX KentX kzcq]ahinjytX
54. Alw Xzw PKZnXym Zu {]imt´
Zriy kw{`ta
kym¯mZriyio tIheXm Zriyk¯m
ap]mKtX
55. alm{]fb k¼¯u lyk¯mw
kap]mKtX
Atij ZrtiykÀ¤mZu im´tahm
hinjytX
56. AkvX\kvXantXm `mkzm\tPm
tZthm \ncmabx
kÀhZm kÀhIrXv kÀhw
]camtßXyp ZmlrXx
57. btXm hmtNm\nhÀ¯t´ tbm
apssàchKaytX
bky NmßmZnIx kwÚmx Iev]nXm
\ kz`mhXx
A\ysc X§sft¸mse ImWp¶ kÀhmßIamb
Nn´mKXnbp­mIpt¼mÄ Zn¡memXnKamb Nn{Zq ]mßI
`mh\ DZbw sImffp¶p. C§s\ Bßmhv GXp
hn[¯n DÃk¯mIp¶p, AtX cq]¯n Xs¶
{]Xn`mkoXambn `hn¡p¶p. kpjp]vXnbn hneo\mh-
Ø {]m]n¨ kz]v\sa¶ t]mse Cu k¼qÀ®amb
Ømhc PwKa PK¯v {]fb Ime¯v \jvSamIp¶p.
Úm\nIÄ Cu Bßmhns\ ]c{_Ò kXykzcq]-
ambpw bÚkzcq]ambpw IcpXp¶p. hf F¶p
]dbpt¼mÄ AXv kzÀ®amsW¶ [mcWbp­mIp¶Xp
t]mse PK¯v ]c{_Òw Xs¶. ]c{_Ò¯nsâ
BImct`Zw am{XamWv PK¯v ]camßmhv Xsâ
ambbmbn ]cnhÀ¯\w sNbv Xp F¶p am{Xw {`jvS mhv
Zriy¯n A´À`qXamIpt¼mÄ _Ô\amIp¶p.
Zriy¯m hio`qXambn {`jv S mhv _Ô\¯nÂ
s]Sp¶p. Zriyw CÃmXncp¶m tam£ambn temI¯nÂ
""FsâXv'' ""\nsâXv'' Fc `mhamWv. amb a\Êns\
\nb´W¯nem¡p¶p. am\knIamb Cu Iev] \
hn«pt]mImsX apànbpsS amÀ¤w ImWs¸SpIbnÃ.
kzbw `qhmb {_Òmhv Cu hnizs¯ am\knI
Iev] \sIm­v \nÀ½n¨p. CsXÃmw at\mabsa¶v
a\Ênem¡pI. hnjb§sf kw_²n¨ _Ô\wa\Êv
\nÀ½n¡p¶p. Npcp¡¯n a\Êns\ k¦ev] sa¶v
]dbmw. k¦ev]s¯bpw a\Êns\bpw thÀXncn¡m³
 657
I BÀ¡pw Ignªn«nÃ. FÃm k¦ev]§fpw \in¨mÂ
Bß kzcq]w shfnhmIp¶ ""Rm³'' \o F¶pff
t`Z_p²nbpw kzmÀ°Nn´bpw ssIhnSpt¼mtg
ssIheyw A\p`qXamhpIbpffq. alm{]fbIme¯pw
k¯ hn\jv SamIpw At¸mÄ im´amb Bßmhp
am{Xta Ahtijn¡pIbpffq. BßmhmIp¶ kqcy³
AkvXan¡p¶nÃ. Bßmhns\ Adnbpt¼mÄ a\pjy³
apà\mIp¶p. Bßmhnsâbpw cq]¯n cq] clnX
{_Òw Xs¶ ]camßmsh¶v ]dbs¸Sp¶p.
58. Nn¯Imiw NnZmImiamImiw N XrXobIw
Zzm`ymw iq\yXcw hn²n NnZmImiw almapt\
59. tZimZvtZim´c {]m]vtX\
kwhntZma²ytahtbXv
\ntatjW NnZmImiw XZzn²n ap\n]pwKh
60. Xkva n³ \nckvX\nx tij k¦ev] ØnXn
tajn tNXv
kÀhmßI]Zw im´w XZm
{]m]vt\mjy kwibx
61. DZnXuZmcykuµcysshcmKyck KÀ`nWo
B\µkyµn\ossbjm kam[nc`n [obtX
62. Zriymkw`h t_mt[\ cmKtZzjmZn Xm\th
cXnÀ_temZnXm bmku kam[nc`n[obtX
63. Zriymkw`h t_mt[mln Úm\w tÚbw
NnZmßIw
XtZh tIheo `mhw XtXmf\yÕIew arjm
64. a¯ sFcmhtXm _²x kÀj]n
tImW tImStc
aitI\IrXw bn²w knwlu
ssLcWp tImStc
65. ]Zvamt£ Øm]ntXm tacqÀ \nKoÀtWm
`rwKkq\p\m
\nZmLw hn²n XmZràzw PKtZXXv {`amßIw
66. No¯tah ln kwkmtcm
cmKmZnt¢i ZqjnXw
XtZth ssXÀhn\nÀapàw N `h´n
CXn IYytX
67. a\km `mhyamt\m ln tZlXmw
bmXn tZl Ix
tZlhmk\bm aptàm tZl[Às½À
\ en]ytX
68. Iev]w £WoItcmXy´x£Ww
\bXn Iev] Xmw
at\mhnemkxkwkmc CXn ta \nÝnXm aXnx
N P
K
BImiw aq¶mWv. Nn¯mtImiw, NnZmtImiw, `uXn
ImImiw, NnZmImiw CXns\¡msfÃmw kq£vaXcamWv.
Hcp tZi¯n \n¶v asämcp tZi¯nte¡p t]mIpt¼mÄ
a[y¯n Nn¯¯nse hyh[m\¯nsâ \ntajs¯
NnZmImisa¶v ]dbp¶p. B NnZmImi¯n FÃm
k¦ev] §fpw k¯mlo\am¡n \nesImffpt¼mÄ
kÀhmßI ]Zw e`n¡p¶p. NnZmImi¯n \nsemffp
t¼mÄ DZmcXbpw sshcmKyhpw tNÀ¶ kÀhm\µa
bamb AhØ e`n¡pw. AXn\v kam[nsb¶v ]dbp¶p.
B L«¯n Zriy ]ZmÀ°§fpsS iq\yX t_m[s¸
Sp¶p. cmKtZzjmZnIÄ \in¡p¶p. AtXmsS kam[n
]qÀ®amIp¶p GIm{KX ]qÀ®ambpw B L«¯nÂ
kwPmXamIp¶p. BßssIheyhpw AtXmsS km[n¡p
¶p. B AhØbn \n¶v `n¶ambsXÃmw Xs¶ anYy
bmWv. sNdnb amf¯n sh¨v knwl§tfmSv sImXpIp
IÄ sN¿p¶ bp²w t]msebpw aZn¨ sFcmhXs¯
ISpInsâ Iq¼mc¯nepff Zzmc¯n _Ôn¡p¶Xpt]m
sebpw Xmacbv¡ pffn Øm]n¨ almtacphns\
sNdnb h­v hngp§p¶Xpt]mse shdpw {`aamWv. Cu
{]]©¯nsâ \ne\nev] pw cmKtZzjmZntZmj§Ä
Xn§nb Nn¯amWv kwkmcw B tZmj§fnÂ\n¶v
apàambm am{Xta tam£w kn²n¡pIbpffq. a\Ên\v
imcocnI `mh\bp­mIpt¼mÄ Bßmhv tZlmßIambn-
¯ocp¶p. tZlamIp¶ hmk\ \in¨m ]ns¶ tZl[À
½§sfm¶pw \ap¡v ieyw sN¿pIbnÃ. a\Êv Xs¶
bmWv bpKs¯ £Wam{Xhpw £Wam{Xsb bpKhpam
¡n¯oÀ¡p¶Xv . AXn\m Cu hnizw a\Ênsâ
k¦ev]w am{XamsW¶v Rm³ hnNmcn¡p¶p.
69. \mhnctXm ZpÝcnXmx¶m imt´m
\m kamlnXx
\mim´ a\tkmhm]n {]Úm
t\ss\\ am]v\ pbmXv
70. XZv {_Òm\µ aZzµw \nÀKpWw kXy
NnXv L\w
hnZnXzm kzmßt\m cq]w \ _nt`Xn IZmN\
71. ]cmXv]cw b·ltXm alm´w kzcq]tX
tPmabimizXw inhw
Ihnw ]pcmWw ]pcpjmk\mX\w
kÀthizcw kÀhtZsshcp]mkyw
72. Alw {_tÒXn \nbXw tam£tlXpÀ
almß\mw
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Cu£WmZn {]thim´m
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amWv. Cu PU icocw \nsâ BcpaÃ. CsXmcp amwk
]nWvUw am{Xw. A]hn{X\pw aqIhpamb CXn\pth­n
kpJ ZpxJ N{I N{I¯n s]«pgep¶sX´n\v? ]caX
Xzamb {_Òw hnkvXcn¨v P\§Ä tZlhebn s]«pg
ep¶Xv AZv`pXw! apt\, Xm¦Ä Úm\nbmbn¯ocpI.
IÀ¯hy IÀ½\ncX\mbmepw a\Êns\ IÀ½\ncX\m
bmepw a\Êns\ IÀ½_² Iepjam¡cpXv. Xmac
\qepIfm ]ÀhXw Xfbv¡s¸Sp¶Xpt]mse CÃm¯
AÚm\¯m temIw Xfbv¡s¸«ncn¡p¶p. {_Ò
Úm\w h{P¯ns\m¸w iàna¯mWv. ]pÂs¡mSn¡p
kam\amb {]]©w XIÀ¡m³ AXn\v Hcp {]bmk
hpanÃ.
A©ma²ymbw
1. E`q: AYm]cw {]h£yman irWp XmX
bYm XYw
AÚm\ `qx k]vX]Zm Ú `qx
k]vX] ssZhln
2. ]Zm´cmWykwJym\n {]`h´y
\yssYXtbmx
kzcq]mhØnXnÀapànkvXZv {`wtim
l´z thZ\w
3. ip² k·m{X kwhnt¯ kzcq]m¶
Ne´n tb
cmKtZzjm Ztbm `mhmkvtXjmw \mÚ
Xz kw`hx
4. bx kzcq]]cn{`witÝXymÀ° NnXn aÖ\w
GXkvamZ]tcm tamtlm \ `qtXm
\ `hnjyXn
5. AÀ°mZÀ°m´cw Nnt¯ bmXn at[y
Xp bmØnXnx
km [zkvXa\\mImcm kzcq]ØnXn cpNytX
6. kwim´kÀhk¦ev] m bx inemhZh
ØnXnx ]cm
7. Al´mwti £tX imt´ t`Z
\njv]µ Nn¯Xm
Al´mwti £tX imt´ t`Z
\njv]µ Nn¯Xm
APUm bm {]NeXn XXvk zcq]anXocnXm
E`p ]dªp:þ""]p{X asäm¶v ]dbmw. tIÄ¡q.
Úm\¯n\pw AÚm\¯n\pw Ggp `qanIÄ hoXap­v.
AhÀ¡p at[y aäv AkwJyw `qanIfpw D­v. Bßm
hnsâ kzcq]mhØbmWv tam£w. AXn \n¶v sXäp
¶XmWv kmwkvImcnI PohnXw. ip² {_Ò kzcq]¯nÂ
N P
\n¶pw hyXn Nen¡m¯hÀ¡v AÚm\ P\y§fmb
K
cmKtZzjmZn tZmj§Ä D­mhpIbnÃ. kzcq] hyXnN
e\w h¶v hmkbpsS ]pdsI t]mbn Nn¯¯n apgpIp
¶Xn ]cw A[nIamb tamlw D­mIm\nÃ. Hcp hnjb
¯n \n¶v asäm¶ntebv¡v IpXn¡p¶ a\Ênsâ at[y
ØnXn sN¿p¶Xns\bmWv Nn´mXoXamb Bßkzcq]
{]m]vXnsb¶v ]dbp¶Xv. k¦ev]§Ä im´ambXn\p
tijw D­mIp¶ ]mdbvs¡m¯\ntÝSmhØbmWv
Bßmhnsâ ]caamb kzcq]ØnXn. Cu kzcq] ØnXn
tNX\bmbpàamWv, t`Z`mhclnXamWv.
8. _oPPm{K¯Ym Pm{K·lmPm{K¯ssYh N
Pm{KXv kz]v\ kvXYm kz]v\ kz]v\ Pm{KXv
kpjp]vX nIw
9. CXn k]vX hnt[m tamlx
]p\tcj ]ckv]cw
Çnjvt Sm `hXyt\Im{Kyw irWp
e£Waky Xp
10. {]Yaw tNX\w bXv kymZ\mJyw
\nÀ½ew NnXnx
`hnjy¨n¯ PohmZn\mai_vZmÀ° `mP\w
11. _oP cq]ØnXw Pm{KXv _oPPm{KXv
kwØnXnw irWp
12. \h {]kvXpXky ]cmZbw NmlanZw aa
CXn bx {]Xybx kzØ kvXXv Pm{KXv
{]mK `mh\mXv
13. Abw tkm lanZw X· CXn P·m´ tcmZnXx
]ohcx {]Xybxt{]mtàm alm
Pm{KXnXn kv#pSw
14. BcqVaYhmcqVmw kÀhYm X·mßIw
bXv Pm{KtXm at\m cmPyw XXv Pm{KXv
kz]v\ DNytX.
tamlw Ggphn[¯nep­v . 1. _oPPm{KZhØ.
2. Pm{KZhØ, 3. almPm{KZhØ, 4. Pm{KXv kz]v\
hØ, 6. kz]v\ Pm{KZhØ, 7. kpjp]vX mhØ, Ch
]ckv]cw tbmPn¨v hnhn[ cq]amWv. AhbpsS {]tXyI
e£Ww ]dbmw. _oPPm{KZhØsb¶p ]dbp¶Xv
\maclnXhpw, hnImclo\hp, ssNX\ymßIhpw,
Nn¯w, Poh³ XpS§nb \ma i_vZ mÀ°§tfmSp
IqSnbXpamb AhØbmWv CXv . ÚmXmhnsâ
\ho\mhØbt{X. ]n¶oSv Pm{KZhØ P\n¨ DSs\
Xs¶ Hcp hyàn¡v Xsâbpffn FtâsX¶pw
\ntâsX¶papff `mhw D­mIp¶p. CXv AXncnà
`mh\IÄ¡vap¼v D­mIp¶p­v. almPm{KZhØbnÂ
"" CXv AXmWv '' ""Rm³ CXIp¶p'' ""Cu hkvX p
FtâXmWv'' XpS§nb ]qÀhmPnX kwkvImc ^eamb
 663
I `mh\IÄ D­mIp¶p. \memat¯Xv Pm{KXv kz]v\mh
Ø AXnsâ cq] cqVm cqVhpw at\mabhpamb krjvSn
bt{X.
15. ZznN{µipànImcq]yarKXrjvW mZn
ZZXx A`ymkw
{]m]y Pm{K¯Xv kz]vt\m \m\
hnt[m `thXv
16. Aev] Imew abm ZrjvS taXt¶mtZXnb
{X ln
]cmaÀix {]_p²ky k kz]v\ CXv IYytX
17. Nncw kµÀi\m`mhmXv A{]^pÃmw
_rlZzNx
NncImem\p hr¯n kvXp kz]vt\m
Pm{KZn thmZnXx
18. kz]v\Pm{KZnXn t{]màw Pm{KXy]n
]cnkv^ptcXv
jUhØm]cnXymtKm PUm Pohky
bm ØnXnx
19. `hnjy ZpxJ t_m[mVym kujp]vXnx
tkmNytXKXn
PK¯kymaØmbma´kvX akn eobtX
20. k]vX mhØm Camx t{]màmabm
Úm\ky sshZznP
GssIIm iX kwJym {X \m\mhn`h
cq]nWo
21. Camw kp]vX]Zmw Úm\
`qanamI˨bm\L
\m\bm ÚmXbm `qtbm taml]t¦
\naÖXn
Hcp N{µsâ Øm\¯v c­p N{µ\ps­¶ tXm¶
epw, Nn¸nbn shffnbpsS {]XoXnbp,acoNnIbnÂ
Pe{]XoXnbpw D­mIp¶Xp t]mse A[ymk¯mÂ
Pm{KXv kz]v\§Ä ]e hn[¯nep­mIp¶p. Dd¡¯nÂ
ImWp¶ ImgvN ]ns¶ ImWmXncn¡pIbpw DWÀ¶
tijw B Zriy¯nsâ kvarXn am{Xw _m¡n \n¡p
Ibpw sN¿pIbmsW¦n AXn\v kz]v\w F¶pt]À.
Gsdt\cw ImWm¯Xn\m sXfnªp \n¡m¯Xpw
DWÀ¶mepw HmÀ½bn Gsd \o­p \n¡p¶Xpw
Pm{KZhØbnset¶mWw ImWms¸Sp¶Xns\ kz]v\
Pm{KXv F¶p]dbp¶p. Cu Ggp AhØIsfbpw XcWw
sNbvXv PUmßImhØbn ebn¨v `mhn ZpxJ t_m[
t¯msS Poh³ Ccn¡p¶ kpjp]vX nbmIp¶ Cu
AhØbn hnizw B´cnIamb AÔImc¯nÂ
ebn¡p¶p. Úm\¯nsâ Ggp kz]v\ mhØIsf
¸änbmWv Rm³ ]dªXv. CXn Hmtcm AhØbpw
N P
hn`n¶mhØIfpsS cq]¯n [cn¡p¶p. Úm\ K
kw_²nbmb kz]v\mhØsb¸än C\n ]dbmw. AXdn
ªm a\pjy³ tam]¦¯n ]Xn¡m\nSbnÃ.
22. hZ´n _lpt`Z\ hmZnt\mtbmK `qanImx
aa Xym`naXm \q\manam Gh ip`v {]Zmx
23. Aht_m[w hnZpÀPRm\w XZnZw
km]vX `qanIw
apànkvXp tÚbanXypàm `qanIm
k]vXImXv]cw
24. Úm\`qanx ipt`ÑmJym {]Yam
kapZm lrXm
hnNmcWm ZznXobm Xp XrXobm X\p am\ko
25. kXzm]¯nx NXpÀ°o kym¯tXm
kwkàn\manIm
]ZmÀ°`mh\m jjvTo k]vXao
XpcpKm kvarXm
Úm\nIÄ ]dbp¶Xv tbmK `qanIÄ¡v At\Iw
t`Z§Ä Ds­¶mWv. Ahbn k]vX`qanIsf am{XamWv
Rm³ Gähpw awKfImcnIfmbn IcpXp¶Xv. k]vX
`qanIfm {]ISamIp¶ Aht_m[w Xs¶bmWv Úm
\sa¶v ]dbs¸Sp¶Xv. Cu `qanIÄ¡p tijw D­m
Ip¶ apànbmWv tÚbw F¶v ]dbs¸Sp¶Xv .
H¶mas¯ Úm\`qanbpsS t]cv "ipt`Ñ'sb¶mWv;
c­mas¯ "hnNmcW;' aq¶mat¯Xv "X\pam\kn;'
\memat¯Xv "k¯zm]¯n;' A©mat¯Xv Akw
kàn; Bdmat¯Xv ]ZÀ°`mh\; Ggmat¯Xv XpcyKm
F¶pamIp¶p.
26. Bkma´x ØnXn apànÀbkymw
`qtbm \ timNXn
GXmkmw `qanIm\mw Xzw CZw
\nÀhN\w irWp
27. ØnXx Inw aqV Ghmkvan t{]t£ lw
imkv{XkÖss\
sshcmKy ]qÀh antÑXn ipt`tÑXyp
NytX _pss[x
28. imkv{XkÖ\k¼À¡sshcmKym
`ymk ]qÀhIw
kZmNmc{]hr¯nÀbm t{]mNytX
km hnNmcWm
29. hnNmcWmipt`Ñm `yman{µnbmÀ
t°jp càXm
b{X km X\pXmtaXnt{]mNytX X\pam\ko
30. `qanIm{XnXbm`ymkmXvN nt¯Xp
hnctXÀ himXv
 664
I k¯zmß\nØntX ipt²k¯zm
]¯ncpZmlrXm
31. Zim NXpjvSbm`ym kmZkwkÀ¤
Iem Xp bm
cqVkXzNaXvI mcmt{]màm
kwkàn \manIm
32. `qanIm ]©Im`ymkmXv kzmßm
cmaXbm ZrVw
B`y´cmWmw _mlym\mw ]ZmÀ°\ma
`mh\mXv
33. ]c{]bptà\ {]bXvt\\mh t_m[\w
]ZmÀ°`mh\mw \ma jjvT o`hXn `qanIm
34. `qanjSvI Nncm`ymkmXv t`Zkym\p
]ew`\mXv
bXv kz`msshI\njvT Xzw km tÚbm
XpcyKmKXn
35. GjmlnPoh·ptàjpXpcym
htØXn hnZytX
hntZl apàn hnjbw XpcymXoX aXx]cw
GXn apgpIpt¼mÄ ho­pw ZpxJnt¡­nhcp
¶nÃ.B apàn ChbpsS Dffn ØnXnsN¿p¶p.
`qanbpsS \nÀhN\w ]dbmw. sshcmKy[mcW¯n\p
ap¼pXs¶ {]m]©nIamb ambmPmet¯mSv sshapJy
hpw imkv{XmZnIfn B`napJyhpw t{ijvT IÀ½§fnÂ
Bkànbpw D­mIp¶p. AXns\ Úm\nIÄ "ipt`Ñ'
F¶p]dbp¶p. AtX¯pSÀ¶v kÖ\ kwkÀ¤hpw
imkv{Xm[ymb\¯m A`ymk sshcmKy§tfmSpIqSnb
BNcW§fÄ¡p t\sc Xmev] cyhpw D­mIp¶p.
AXmWv hnNmcW. Cu AhØ bnse¯pt¼mÄ
hnjbmkàn Npcp§p¶p. Cu AhØbv¡v X\pam
\kn F¶p ]dbp¶p.Cu aq¶p `qanIfpsSbpw A`ymkw
]qÀ®amIpt¼mÄ sshcmKy¯m Nn¯w ip² kXz
kzcq]¯n \nesImffp¶p. Cu AhØbv¡v "kXzm
]¯ n' F ¶p]dbp¶p. Cu `qanIsfÃmw icn¡ v
A`ykn¨Xn\p tijw kXz¯n cqUamb a\Êv
GsXmcp kwkÀ¤lo\amb Iesb {]m]n¡p¶p.
AXpXs¶bmWv "Akwkàn' Cu A©p `qhnI
IfpsSbpw A`ymkw ]qÀ®ambm BßcmamXzw
{]3]n¡p¶Xn\m _mlym`y´c ]ZmÀ°§fpsS
`mh\ \in¡pt¼mÄ ]c{]bXv \¯Â ]ZmÀ°§sf
`mh\ sN¿pIbmsW¦n AXn\v ]ZmÀ° `mh\sb¶v
t]À ]dbmw. Cu A©p `qanIIfpw A`ykn¨p Ign
ªm t`Z_p²n \in¡pw; km[I³ Bß `mh¯nÂ
GI\njvT\mIpw. CXmWv "XpcyKm' F¶ AhØ. Cu
AhØ Poh·à·mÀt¡ ssIhcpIbpffq. AXn\p
tijw hntZl apàn F¶ XpcobmhØ ssIhcp¶p.
N P
36. tb \nZmL alm`mKmx k]vX aow K
`qan am{inXm
Bßmcmam almßm\akvtX
alXv ]ZamKXm
37. Poh·pàm \ aÖ´n kpJ ZpxJc
k ØntX
{]IrtX\mY ImtcyW InwNnXv IpÀh´n
hm \ hm
38. ]mÀizØ _m[nXm k´x ]qÀhmNmc
{IamKXw
BNmcamNmct´yh kp]vX_p²h Zp°nXmx
39. `qanImk]vXIw ssNXXv[oaXm
tah tKmNcw
{]m]yÚm\Zim taXmw ]ip t¾ÑmZ
tbm ]n tb
40. ktZlm hm]ytZlm hm tX apàmx
\m{X kwibx
Ú]vX nÀ ln {KÙn hntÑZkvXkvan³
kXn hnapàXmx
tl \nZmL, Ggmas¯ XpcyKmhØ {]m]n¡m³
alm `mKyhm·mÀt¡ km[n¡q. AhÀ Bßmcma·mcma
·mcmWv. kpJ ZpxJm\p`h§fn \n¶pw \ntÈjw
AI¶v Poh·pàcmb alm·mcmWv Cu alXv ]Zw
{]m]n¨n«pffXv. IÀ½\ncXsc¦nepw AhÀ AXn \n¶v
AI¶ncn¡p¶p. kvt\lnX·mÀ DWÀ¯pt¼mÄ a\p
jy³ Dd§n Fgpt¶Â¡p¶Xpt]mse Ah³ IÀ½
Xev]ccmIp¶p. AXnta[mhnIÄt¡ k]vX `qanIIfpw
tKmNcamIq. arKmZnIfpw Cu Úm\ `qansb {]m]n¡pI
bmsW¦n icoct¯mSp IqSntbm IqSmsXtbm apà
cmbn `hn¡p¶p. Úm\sa¶Xv lrZb {KÙnIfpsS
DXv L mS\amWv . Úm\ e_v [ nbm apànbpsS
e_v[nbpw km[n¡p¶p.
41. arKXrjvWmw _p_p²ym`nim´n
am{XmßI kvXzku
tbXp Xp tamlmÀ®h¯oÀ®mkvssXx
{]m]vXw ]caw ]Zw
42. tXØnXm `qanIm kzmkq
kzmßem` ]cmbWmx
a\x{]iat\m]mtbm tbmK CXy`n[obtX
43. k]vX `qanx k hntÚbx IYn
XmkvX mÝ `qanImx
GXmkmw `qanIm\mw Xp Kayw
{_Òm`n[w ]Zw
44. Xz¯zm l´mßXzm b{X ]cXm
\mkvXn ImN\
\IzNnXv `mhIe\m \ `mhm`mh tKmNcm
 665
I 45. kÀhw im´w \ncmew_w thymaØw
imizXw inhw
A\maba\m`k a\maI aImcWw
46. \ k¶mk¶ a[ym´w \ kÀhw
kÀh tah N
at\mh tNm`nc{Kmlyw. ]q˨mXv ]q˨w
kpJmXv kpJw
47. AkwtXZ\amim´amßthZ\ amXXw
k¯m kÀh ]ZmÀ°m\mw \m\ym
kwthZ\m ZrtX
t_m[iq\yXbmIp¶ ISen \n¶v IcIbdnbhÀ
¡p am{Xta ]ca ]Zw e`n¡q. acoNnIbn Pe {`m´n
t]mse A\mßXXz¯n Bß _p²nbp­mIp¶p.
CXmWv AhnZy. Cu AhnZym\miamWv apàn. Bßkm
£mXvImcw e`n¡m\pff {]bXv\¯n apgpInbncn¡p
¶hÀ am{Xta Cu `qanIfn k©cn¡p¶pffq. a\xÈm
´n¡pff ]qÀ®amÀ¤amWv tbmKw. tbmK¯nsâ k]vX
`qanIIÄ hnhcn¨tÃm. Cu `qanIIfpsS DtZiw
{_Ò]Z{]m]vXnbmWv. {_la]Z¯n FtâXv, \ntâXv
A\ytâXv F¶ t`ZanÃ. At¸mÄ `Kh¨n´bpw CÃ.
`mhmßI _p²n tijn¡p¶nÃ. {]m]©nI ]ZmÀ°
§fpsS \ne\nev]v BßkwthZ\w am{XamWv. AXnÂ
\n¶v `n¶ambns«m¶panÃ. Cuizc³ imiz\pw, tZmjc
lnX\pw, \ncmew_\pw, ImcWclnX\pw, A\nÀhN\o
b\pw, kZkXvhnclnX\pw, a[ym´ lo\\pw, Ak¼qÀ
®\pw, k¼qÀ®\pw at\mhmWnIÄ¡v AKay\pw,
]qÀ® im´\pw, kpJkzcq]\pw, Bßkm£mXvImc
cq]¯n hym]n¨ncn¡p¶ ]c{_ÒhpamsW¶v a\Ên
em¡pI.
48. kw_tÔ{ZjvSr ZÀiym\mw at[y ZrjvSnÀ
ln bZz]px
{ZjvSr ZÀi\ ZriymZn hÀÖnXw XZnZw ]Zw
49. tZimt±iw KtX Nnt¯at[ybt¨
Xtkm h]px
APmUy kwhn·\\w X·tbm `h kÀhZm
50. APm{Kkz]v\\n{Zky bt¯ cq]w k\mX\w
AtNX\w NmPUw N X·tbm `h kÀhZm
51. PUXmwhÀPbnssXzIm inebm
lrZbw ln XXv
Aa\kvI kzcq]w b¯·tbm `h kÀhZm
Nn¯w Zqtc ]cnXyPy tbm kn tkm
kn Øntcm`h
52. ]qÀhw a\x kapZnXw ]camßX¯zm
t¯\mXXw PKZnZw khnIev] Pmew
N P
iqt\y\ iq\ya]n hn{]bYmw _tcW K
\neXzapÃkXn NmcpXXcm`n[m\w
53. k¦ev] kwibhimXv KentXXp Nnt¯
kwkmc tamlanlnIm KfnXm `h´n
kzÑ hn`mXn icZoh JamKXmbmw
Nn·m{XtaIaPamZya\´a´x
Zriyw, ZrjvSmhv F¶nhtbmSv _Ôs¸«ncn¡p¶Xpw
a[y`mK¯mbn ImWp¶ ZrjvSn kzcq]hpw {ZjvSmhn\pw
Zriy¯n\pw ZÀi\¯n\pw `n¶ambn km£mXvImc
cq]¯n \nesImffp¶XpamWv B ]ca]Zw. HcnS¯p
\n¶pw asämcnSt¯¡p IpXn¡p¶ Nn¯¯nsâ a[y`m
K¯v Úm\cq]amb XXz¯nÂ\o hnebn¡pI.
k\mX\ {_Ò¯nsâ kzcq]w Pm{KXv kz]v\kpjp
]vXnIÄ¡pw BXoXhpw PUtNX\m iq\yhpamWv. \o
AXn eo\\mIpI. PUXzw ]mjmW cq]amWv. AXp
XyPn¨m a\kvI ØnXn ssIhcn¡pI. Nn¯s¯
Zqsc ]cnXyPn¨v e`n¡p¶XmWv kzoImcyw. AXn Dd¨p
\n¡pI. ]camßXXz¯n \n¶v BZyw a\Êp­mbn.
a\Ênsâ hnIev] cq]amWv Cu {]Xy£ {]]©w.
{_Òw iq\yt¯¡mÄ iq\yamWv. iq\yamb BImi
¯n \n¶mWtÃm at\mlc \oena {]Xy£s¸Sp¶Xv.
AXpt]mse {_Ò¯n \n¶pw Nn¯hr¯nIfp-
­mIp¶p.k¦ev] \miw hcpt¼mÄ Nn¯hr¯nIÄ
DcpIp¶p. AXnsâ ^eambn {]]©tamlamIp¶ aqSÂ
aªpw DcpInt¸mIp¶p. At¸mÄ AXv icXvImeKa
¯nse \nÀ½emImiw t]mse P·clnXhpw kIe
PohnIfpsSbpw BZnbpw A´hpw A\´hpamb
Nn¯mbn {]tim`n¡p¶p.
54. AIÀ¯rIacwKw N KKt\ Nn{X ap°nXw
A{ZjvSpIw kzm\p`ha\n{Zkz]v\ ZÀi\w
55. km£o `qtX kta kztÑ \nÀhnIevt]
NnZmß\n
\ncnÑw {]Xn_nw_´n PK´n apIptc bYm
56. GIw {_Ò NnZmImiw kÀhmßI
a JWvU nXw
CXn `mhb bt\\ tNXÝm©ey im´tb
57. tctJm]tcJmhenXm bssYIm ]ohco inem
XYm ss{XtemIy henXw {_ssÒI
anl ZriyXmw
58. ZznXobImcWm`mhm Z\pev]¶ anZw PKXv
ÚmXw ÚmXhya[p\m ZrjvSw
ZrjvS hyaÛpXw
59. hn{imt´m kvan Nncw im´Ýn·m{Xm
¶mkvXnIn©\
]iyhn{im´ ktµlw hnKXmtij
IuXpIw
 666
I AcKwtam AIÀ¯rIambpw CÃm¯ BImi¯nÂ
Hcp Nn{Xw Dbcp¶p. AXv ImWm\mfnÃ. Dd¡¯nem
bmepw DWÀhnembmepw AXv ImWm\pw km[yaÃ.
AXpt]mse kakzÑ \nÀhnImc km£n cq]hpw
ZÀ¸Ww t]mse \nÀ½ehpamb NnZmßmen aq¶p
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 669

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£oWn¨p \in¡pt¼mÄ \n\¡v A£bamb ]Zs¯
¸änbpff Úm\w e`n¡pw. CXv FhnsS\n¶pap­m
Ip¶p? CXnsâ kzcq]sa´v ? CsX§s\ \in¡p¶p?
Fs¶Ãmw Nn´n¨v CXn\v auenIamb {]Xnhn[n ImW
Ww. A§s\bmbm AXv \ns¶ kwkmcN{I¯nÂ
Ipg¡pIbpw IqSmsX Nn¯amIp¶ kap{Zw hn`mknXam
IpIbpw sN¿pw. NnXv k¯ AJÞcq]mßIsa¶v
IcpXWw. NnXviàn Nn·b ka{Z¯n t£m`n¨psIm
­ncn¡p¶p. kap{Z¯n \nÀ½eNn·b XcwK§Ä
s]m§p¶p. GsXmcmßiIXnsb Nen¸n¡m³ tZiIme
{InbmiànIÄ AkaÀ°§fmtWm B iàn D¨Øm
\¯nemWv ØnXnsN¿p¶Xv. B NnXv iàn Adnb
s¸Sm³ km[yamIm¯XpsIm­v ]cnanXnsbt¸se
cq]`mh\bpàambn¯ocp¶p. B ]cmiànbn cq]`m
h\bp­mIpt¼mÄ AXnsâ IqsS \makwJymXnIÄ
tbmPn¡p¶p. NnXviànbpsS B cq]w tZiIme{InbIÄ-
¡m[mc`qXambpw hnIev]cq]w [cn¡p¶Xmbpw Xocp
¶p. AXmWv t£{XÚ³ AXpw ]n¶oSv hmk\mk
¦ev]¯m Al¦mccq]w {]m]n¡p¶pap­v.
125. Al¦mtcm hn\nÀt®Xm If¦o
_p²ncpNytX
_p²nxk¦ev]nXmImcm {]bmXn
a\ kmkv]Zw
N P
126. at\mL\hnIev] w Xp KÑXo K
{µnbXmw iss\x
]mWn]mZabwtZlan{µnbmWn hnZpÀ_p[mx
127. Ghw Pothm ln k¦ev]mhm
k\mcÖp thjvSnXx
ZpxJPme]coXmßm {IamZmbmXn \oNXmw
128. CXn iànabw tNtXmL\ml¦mcXmw KXw
tImiImcIrancnh tkzÑbm bmXn _Ô\w
129. kzbw Iev]nXX³am{XmPmem`ym´
chÀ¯n]cmw
hnhiXmtaXn irwJem_²knwlhXv
130. IzNn·\x IzNnZv_p²nxIzNnÖvRm\w
IzNnXv{Inbm
IzNntZXZlwImcx IzNn¨n¯anXn kvarXw
131. IzNnXv{]IrXncnXypcvXw IzNn³amtbXn
Iev ]nXw
IzNn³aeanXn t{]màw IzNnXvIÀt½Xnkw
kva rXw
132. IzNnZv_Ô CXn JymXw IzNnXv]pcy
jv SIw kvarXw
t{]màw IzNnZhntZyXn IzNnZntÑXn k½Xw
133. Caw kwkmcaJneamim]mihn[mbIw
Z[Z´x^sseÀlo\w hS[m\m hSwbYm
Dd¨Xpw tZmjw IeÀ¶Xpamb Alw`mhw Xs¶
bmWv _p²n. _p²n k¦ev] cq]w [cn¡pt¼mÄ at\m
cq]ambn¯ocp¶p. a\Êv L\nIev]¯n ]Xn¡pt¼mÄ
AXv {ItaW C{µnbcq]w ssIs¡mffp¶p. IcWNc
WmZnItfmSpIqSnb tZls¯bmWv ]ÞnX·mÀ C{µnbw
F¶p]dbp¶Xv. k¦ev] amIp¶ hmk\m]mi¯mÂ
_²amb Pohn ZpxJamIp¶ hebn s]Spt¼mÄ At[m
KXn {]m]n¡p¶p. ]«]\q¸pgp tkzÑbm _Ô¯nÂ
AIs¸Sp¶Xpt]mse iànabamb Nn¯v L\ml¦mcw
{]m]n¨v _Ô¯n AIs¸Sp¶p. N§ebn IpSp§nb
knwls¯t¸mse kzIev]nXamb X·m{X3 ]mi¯mÂ
Ccp¶v NnXviàn sshiy¯n\ncbmIp¶p. Cu Bßm
hp Xs¶bmWv NnebnSp¯v AlwImccq]¯nepw
NnebnS¯v Nn¯v F¶ t]cnepw Adnbs¸Sp¶Xv. AXp
X¶ a\sʶpw NnebnS¯v _p²nb¶pw Úm\sa¶pw
{Inbsb¶pw {]IrXnsb¶pw a\sʶpw ]pcpjv SIw
F¶pw _Ô\sa¶pw HmtcmL«¯n ]dbs¸Sp¶Xv.
CXv NnteSp¯v CÑbmsW¦n asämcnS¯v AhnZybmWv.
^eclnXambhS_oPw hShr£s¯ [cn¡p¶Xp
t]mse CXv Bim]mi_±amb PK¯ns\bmsI DÄ
s¡mffp¶p.
 671

I 134. Nn´m\einJmZKv[w tIm]mPmKcNÀ Ah hn`n¶\ma cq]§Ä tNÀ¶hbmWv. NneXv kqcy³, K

hnXwNÀhnXw N{µ³ lcn, inh³ hcpW³, {_Òmhv XpS§nb cq]§
Imam_v[nItÃmecXw hnkvarXmßa fnemsW¦n NneXv b£ In¶c KÔ hmZnIfpsS
]nXmalw cq]¯nemWv NneXv {_mÒW £{Xnb sshiy iq{ZmZn
\ma§Ä tNÀ¶hbpamWv. NneXv ]\, ]¨ne, IS¼v,
135. kap²c at\m {_Ò³amXwKanhIÀ±amXv
\mcIw, ]pÃv, hr£w thcv, Ce, Imbv F¶nhbmbn-
Ghw Pohm{inXm `mhm `h `mh\mbmlnXmx ¯oÀ¶p. NneXv hn`n¶ ]ÀhX§fpsS cq]¯nepamWv.
136. {_mÒWm Iev] nXmImcme£ tacp, aebw, aµcw, atl{µw, kly³ F¶o \ma§fnÂ
tim]yY tImSoix NneXv Adnbs¸Sp¶p. NneXv kap{Zcq]¯nepw NneXv
kwJymXoXmx ]pcm PmXm Pmbt´ ]mev, s\¿v Icn¼n³ \ocv F¶o cq]¯nepw ØnXn
Zym]n NmZnXx sN¿p¶p. NneXv Zn¡pIfpsS t]À [cn¨p. NneXv
Hgp¡pff \ZnIfpsS thÀ [cn¨p. ASn¨p Xmgv¯nbmepw
137. DXv]Õyt´]n ssNhmt\y IWuLm Ch
]´v tatem«v s]m§p¶Xpt]mse NneXns\ arXyp
\nÀXv[ cmXv ho­pw ho­pw XmUn¡p¶p. F{Xtbm t]À BIm-
tINnXv{]YaP³am\x tINnÖ³a i¯nte¡pbÀ¶Xn\ptijw Iotgm«p ]Xn¡p¶p.
iXm[nImx
144. ]X´n tINnZ _p[mx kw{]m]ym]n
138. tI¨n¨mkwJymP³am\x tINnXv±zn{Xn hnthIXmw
`hm´cmx
Zn¡memZy\hÑn¶amßXXzw kz iàn Xx
tINnXv In¶cKÔÀhhnZym[catlmcKmx
145. {ioessbh bZmZt¯ Zn¡meIenXw h]px
139. tINnZÀt¡µhcpWmkv{X£mt[m
XtZh Poh]cymb hmk\mthiXx ]cw
£P]Zva Pm
146. a\xk¼ZytX temew Ie\m Iet\m·pJw
tINnZv {_ÒW`q]messhiyiq
{ZKWmx ØnXmx Ime´o a\xiàncmZu `mhbXn£WmXv
140. tINnXv XrWuj[o hr£^eaqe ]XwKImx 147. BImi_mh\maÑmw i_vZ _oP
ctkm\apJo
tINnXvIZw_Pw_ockmeXmeXameImx
XXkvXZvL\Xmw bmXw kv] Ài_oP
141. tI Nn³ atl{µaebklyaµctachx ctkm·pJw
tINnXv £mtcmZ[n £ocLrtX£p 148. `mhbXy\nekv]µw kv] Ài_oP
Pecmibmx ctkm·pJw
142. tINnZznimemx IpIp`x tINn¶tZym almcbmx Xm`ymamImi hmXm`ymw ZrVm`ymk
hnlmbkyp¨ssIx tINn¶n]X him¯Xx
´ypXv ]XXn Nx 149. i_vZ kv]Ài kzcq]m`yw kwLÀ
143. IµpIm Ch lkvtX\ arXyp \m jmÖ\y tX \ex
hncXw lXm cq]X·m{X klnXw {Xn`nkvssXx
`pàzm P\v kl{kmWn `qbx kwkmc k l k½nXw
k¦tStl {_Ò³. 150. a\kvXmZrKv KpW KXw at\m
`mhb´n £WmXv
Cu a\Êv B\ Nfnbn ]pXªpt]mbXpt]mse
Nn¯amIp¶ AánPzmebn Zln¨v tIm]amIp¶ s]cp KÔX·m{XtaXkvamZv `qankwth¯n
¼m¼n\m hpgp§s¸«v ImaamIp¶ kap{Z¯nse tXm `thXv
NpgnbnÂs¸«ncn¡p¶p. AXv Xsâ ]nXmal\mb 151. XXkvXmZrKv KpW KXw at\m
Bßhns\t¸mepw hnkva cn¨p. AXn\m BZyw `mhbXn £WmXv
AXns\ D²cn¡pI. Pohnsb B{ibn¡p¶ At\Iw KÔX·m{XtaXkvamZv `qan
`mh§Ä e£sa¶Ã tImSn¡W¡n\v t`Z§fn kwh¯ntXm `thXv
{_Ò¯m k¦ev]nXmambn D­mIp¶p. AcphnIfn 152. AtY°w `qXX·m{XthjvSnXw
PeIW§sft¶mWw CXv `mhnbnepw D­mIpw. Nne X\pXmw PlXv
`mh§Ä At\I iXw XhW D­mbn c­pw aq¶pw h]qÀahÓn IWmImcw kv^pcnXw
XhW P\n¨hbpw C\n P\n¡m³ t]mIp¶hbpw D­v. thymav\n ]iyXn
N P
 672
I Zn¡pIÄ Imew F¶nhbpsS {]`mh¯nepw kz
iànsIm­pw BßXXzw tZlw [cn¡pt¼mÄ AXp
Xs¶ hk\mhim k¦ev] §fnte¡p t]mIp¶
N§e a\Ênsâ cq]w sImÅp¶p. k¦ev]bpàamb
Cu a\xiàn £W¯n kzÑamb BImi `mh\
tbmsS DbÀ¶ \nebnemIp¶p. AXn i_vZ _oP
¯nsâ A¦pcw D­mIp¶p. ]ns¶ a\Êp Xs¶bmWv
L\o`qXambn kz]\{Ia¯m hmbp kv]µ\ `mh
¯n can¡p¶Xv. AXn kv]Ài _oP¯nsâ A¦pc
ap­mIp¶p. ]ns¶ ZrVm`ymk¯m i_vZkv ]Ài
cq]amb BImihpw hmbp kwLÀj¯m Aánbpw
D­Ip¶p. Aáncq]w X·m{Xm kwtbmK¯m {XnKp
WmXvaIamIp¶ {XnKpWmßIamb a\Êv ckX·m{Xsb
`mh\ sN¿p¶p. At¸mÄ AXv Pe¯nsâ ioXfkz
`mhw Nn´n¨v Pehpambn XmZmßyw {]m]n¡p¶p. ]n¶oSv
AXv NXpÀKpWamIp¶p. K\[ X·m{Xabambn AXv
]rYznsb A\p`hn¡m³ XpS§p¶p. C§s\ A©v
X\am{XItfmSpw IqSn AXv Xsâ kq£va XXzw shSnªv
BImi¯n Aán kv^ pÃnwK§fpsS cq]¯nÂ
{]Imin¨p. icocs¯ ZÀin¡p¶p.
153. Al¦mcIembpàw _p²n_oP ka\znXw
XXv]pcyjvSIanXyàw `qXlrZv]ß jSv]Zw
154. Xkva owkvXp Xo{hkwthKmXv `mh
bZv `mkpcw h]px
ØqemtaXn ]mtI\ at\m
hnIev]^ew bYm
155. aqjm Ø{ZpXtlam`w kv^pcnXx
hnaemw_tc
k¶nthi aXmZt¯ Xt¯ Px kz kz`mhnX
156. DuÀ[zw incx]nWvUab a[x ]mZabw XYm
]mÀiztbmÀ lkvX kwØm\w
at[ytNmZw [À½nWw
157. Imtem\ kv^pStXmtaXy `hXyae hn{Klw
_p²nkv¯z _temÕmlhnÚmss\
izcy kwØnXx
158. k Gh `Khm³ {_Òm kÀhtemI
]nXmalx
AhtemIy h]pÀ {_Òm Im´amßo
b ap¯aw
icocw Xs¶bmWv Al¦mcbpàhpw _p²n_oP
bpàhpamb ]pcyjvSIw F¶v ]dbs¸Sp¶Xv. AXv
PohnIfpsS lrZb Iae¯n Id§ns¡m­ncn¡p¶
h­ns\t¸msebmWv . thhn¡pt¼mÄ Iqhf¡mbv
Øqeambn¯ocp¶Xpt]mse B kq£va icoc¯nÂ
Xo{hhpw kwth\mßIhpamb icoc`mh\bp­mbmÂ
AXv Øqeambn Xocp¶p. B tXPÊv kzÑmImi¯nÂ
N P
K
aqibn sh¨ kzÀ®w t]mse Xnf§p¶p. AXv apIfnÂ
incÊpt]msebpw Xmsg]mZ§Ä t]msebpw ]mÀ-
iz§fn `pP§Ä t]msebpw a[y`mK¯v hbdpt]mse
bpw Ccn¡p¶p. C§s\ AXv ]qÀ® icocw {]m]n¡p
¶p. B icocw Xs¶bmWv _p²n _ew hocyw DÕmlw
hnÚm\w ssh`hw Ch tNÀ¶v temI]nXmal\mb
{_Òmhmbn cq]w sImffp¶Xv.
159. Nn´mat`yXy `Khm³ {XnImemae ZÀi\x
GXkvan³ ]camImti Nn·m
ss{XImß cq]nWn
160. AZrjvS]mc]cyt´ {]Yaw Inw `thZnXn
CXn Nn´nXhm³ {_Òm ktZymPm
Xmaemß \rIv
161. A]iyXv kzÀ¤hrµm\n kaXoXm\y t\Iix
kvacXytYm k kIem³ kÀh [À½
KpW {IamXv
162. eoebm Iev]bmamk Nn{Xx
k¦ev]nXx {]Pm
\m\mNmckamcwt`m KÔÀh \Kcw bYm
163. Xmkw kzÀ¤m]hÀ¤mÀ°w [À½
ImamÀ° kn²tb
A\´m\n hnNn{XmWn imkv{XmWn
ka Iev]bXv
164. hncn©ncq]m¶kx Iev]nX XzmXv
PKXv kvXntXx
Cs§ {]Xy£s¸« {_Òmhv `qX `hnjy ZzÀ¯
am\§Ä {]Xy£¯n ImWp¶h\mWv. At±lw Xsâ
kpµccq]w I­v Cu Nn·m{XamIp¶ ]camImi¯n\v
BZnbpw A´hpw Csöv hnNmcn¨p. CXn BZyt¯Xv
Fs´¶v Nn´n¨t¸mÄ At±l¯nsâ Bß N£pÊv
ssNX\yabambn AXoX Ime§Ä Zriyambn. At\Iw
kzÀ¤§Ä ImWs¸«p. AtXmsS At±l¯n\v kÀh
[À½§fpsSbpw KpW§fpsSbpw {Iaw HmÀ½n¡m³
Ignªp. ]ns¶ ]e hn[¯nepff {]PIsf krjvSn¨p.
AhcpsS [À½mÀ° Imatam£§Ä hnNn{X ]ZmÀ°
§sfbpw imkv { X§sfbp kzÀ¤\cImZnIsfbpw
k¦ev] n¨p. Cu a\Êp Xs¶bmWv {_Ò cq]w. F´p
sIms­¶m `mh\bm {]]© ØnXambXn\mÂ
{_Òmhnsâ PohnXt¯msSm¸w Xs¶ CXnsâ PohnXhpw
cq]wsIm­pw {_Òmhnsâ PohnXt¯msSm¸w Xs¶
CXnsâ PohnXhpw cq]w sIm­pw {_Òmhnsâ BbpÊv
\in¡pt¼mÄ a\Êpw \in¡p¶p.
165. \ PmbtX \ {]nbtX Iz NnXv
In©nXv IZmNu
]camÀt°\ hnt{]µanYym kÀhw
Xp ZriytX
 673
I 166. tImiamim`qPwKm\mw kwkmcm
Uw_cw XyP
AktZXZnXn ÚmXzm amXr`mhw \nthib
167. KÔÀh\KckymÀt° ZqjntX ZqjntX XYm
AhnZymw ti kpXm Zuhm Ix {Iamx
kpJ ZpxJtbm
168. [\Zmtcjp hrt²jp ZxJbpàw \ XpjvSXm
hr²bmw taml ambmbmw Ix
kaizmkhm\nlm
169. ssb tch PmbtX cmtKmaqÀ
J\ym[nbXmw KssXx
ssXtch `mssKx {]mÚky hncmK
D]PmbtX
{_Ò³ bYmÀ°¯n Bcpw acn¡p¶nÃ. P\n¡p-
¶panÃ. Cu¡mWp¶sXÃmw anYybmWv. Cu kmcm-
Uw_cw Bim`pPwK§fpsS C cn¸nSamWv . C Xv
ssIshSnbpI. CXv Ak¯mW¶dnªv amXE`mh¯nÂ
{]thin¡pI. KÔÀ\h\Kcw F§s\sb¦nepambncn
¡s«, AXv \nÊmcamWv. AXpt]mse AhnZymwK§fmb
`mcym]p{XmZnIfpw XpSÑamWv. AXn\m Ahsb¸än
Nn´nt¡­. [\w k{Xn F¶nhsbÃmw {]]©w Xs¶.
AhbpsS hr²n ZpxJIcamWv. CXn kt´mjn¡p¶Xv.
\ncÀ°as{X. tamlambIfn BÀ¡pw kpJtam
im´ntbm In«nbnÃ. AÚm\nIÄ kpJ{]Zsa¶p-
tXm¶p¶ hkvXp¡Ä Úm\nIÄ shdp¡p¶p.
170. AtXm \nZmL XXzÚ
hyhlmtcjvT kwkrtXx
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{]m]vX ap]mlc
171. A\mKXm\mwt`mKm\mahmRvO\ aIr{Xnaw
BKXm\mw N kwt`mK CXn
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172. ip²w k Z ktZmÀa[yw ]Zw
_p[zmhew_y N
\ Xky en]ytX {]Úm ]ß ]{X
anhmw _p`nx
173. bky tNÑmXz\nÑmkymXvÚ ky IÀ½Wn
XnjvTXx
\ Xky en]ytX {]Úm ]ß ]{X
anhmw _pZnx
174. bZntXt\{µnbmÀ°{io kv] µtX
lrZn sshZznP
XZm hnÚmX hntÚbm kap¯oÀt®m
`hm˨hmXv
N P
175. Dss¨x ]Zmb ]cbm {]Úbm K
hmk\m KWmXv
XmhXv Øncnbwt{]màm X¶mti\m
iam]v\pbmXv
AXpsIm­v \nZmL, XXzÚm\nbmb \o {]m]
©nI hyhlmc§fn GsXÃmw \jvSs¸Sp¶pthm Ah
B{Kln¡cpXv. kzbw In«p¶h kzoIcn¡mw. {]m]vX
§fmb t`mK§Ä bYmhn[n kzoIcn¡mw. A{]m]y§Ä
B{Kln¡mXncn¡pI. CXmWv ]WvU nX e£Ww
kZk¯p¡Ä¡p at[y \nesImffp¶ ip²]Zs¯¸än
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§Ä XyPn¡ptbm {Kln¡mXncn¡pItbm sN¿pI.
shff¯nse Xmac AXpambn _Ôs¸Sp¶nÃ. AXp
t]mse CÑm\nÑIÄ kam\ambn IcpXn Pohn¡pI.
Úm\nIÄ IÀ½¯n en]vXcmbncp¶nÃ. _p²nsb
AXn en]vXam¡nÃ. lrZb¯n C{µnb hn^e§Ä
kv]µn¡p¶nsæn Adntb­Imcy§fdnªv kwkmc
kmKcw XcWw sN¿pI. t`mKhnjb§fmIp¶ ]q¡
fpsS KÔw FSp¯p IgªXn\ptijw AXn \n¶pw
Nn¯hr¯nsb amän hn«m DbÀ¶ ]Zw e`n¡m³
Ignbpw.
176. kwkmcmw_p\n[makvan³ hmk\mw
_p]c¹tX
tb {]Úm \maamcqVmkv t X XoÀ®mx
]WvUnXmx]tc
177. \XyP´n \ hmRvO´n hyhlmcw PKZvKXw
kÀhtahm\phÀ¯t´ ]cmhc hntZmP\mx
178. A\´kymß XXzaky k¯m
kmam\y cq]nWx
Nn{XÝtXm·pJXzw X¯Xv
k¦ev]m¦pcw hnZpx
179. teiXx {]m]vXk¯mI k Gh J\Xmw
iss\x
bmXn Nn¯Xzam]qcy ZrVm
PmUymb taLhXv
180. `mhb´n NnXnivs sÝXyw
hyXncnà anhmß\x
k¦ev]Xm anhmbmXn _oPa¦pcXmanh
181. k¦ev]\w ln k¦ev] kzbtah {]PmbtX
hÀ²tX kzbtahmip ZpxJmb \
kpJmb XXv
kwkmcamIp¶ kmKcw t`mtKÑ Pe ]cn¹XamWv.
{]ÚbmIp¶ tXmWnbn Ibdnb ]WvUnX·mÀ Cu
kmKcw XcWw sNbvXp. {]]©s¯¸än AdnªhÀ
{]m]©nI hyhlmc§fn B{Klw {]ISn¸n¡pItbm
 674
I Ah ssI hnSpItbm sN¿p¶nÃ. AhÀ kIeXn\pw
A\mkàcmbncn¡pw k¦ev]¯nsâ A¦pcw Bß
XXzssNX\y¯nsâ hnjbm`napJamb {]bmWamWv.
ImcWw k¦ev]w {ItaW ZrVambn¯ocp¶p. At¸mÄ
Ahbm adbv¡s¸«p PUXzw {]m]n¡p¶ _oPw A¦p
cmhØbnse¯p¶p; tNX\ hnjb§fn \n¶pw`n¶
sa¶p IcpXn k¦ev ] cq]¯n \nesImffp¶p.
k¦ev]¯n AXnsâ {]hÀ¯\w kpJ{]ZaÃ; ZpxJw
\ÂIp¶XmWv.
182. am k¦ev]b k¦ev]w am `mhw
`mhb ØnXu
k¦ev]\mti\ btXm \ `qtbm\\p KNvOXn
183. `mh\m `mhamt{XW k¦ev]x
£obtX kzbw
k¦evt ]ss\h k¦ev]w
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184. OnXzm kzmß\nXnjp Xzw IntaXm
hXn ZpjvIcw
bssYthZw \`x iq\y PKXv iq\yw
XssYh ln
185. X_peyky bYm NÀ½ bYm Xm{aky Imfnam
\iyXn {Inbbm hn{] ]pcpjky XYm aew
186. Pohky XWvUe tkyh aew klPa]yew
\iytXyh \ ktµlkvX kvam
ZptcymKhm³ `thXv
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hZn¡pIbnÃ. `mh\ \in¨m k¦ev ]hpw \in¡pw.
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tbm kn.tkm kn. PKXykvan³
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N ssh apt\
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tkm kn Øntcm`h
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{`m´ym ZntimZi
bpàym ssh NctXm Úky
kwkmtcm ZntimZi
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N `n£p N
CX Bßm XtXm ]ym ß\m kvXy\mß
abw PKXv.
tl A\L, A´cmhØ, `mh\mk¼¯v Ch
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Ahkm\n¡p¶p. IÀ¯hym IÀ¯hy§Ä XyPn¨v
a\Êv ]Tn¨v bY mÀ° cq]¯n \nesImffpI.
Ahkm\w kIeXpw ssIhn«v kam[nØ\mIpI.
tNX\ Xs¶bmWv {]Imikzcq]w. AXpXs¶ AÔ
Imcambn¯ocp¶Xpw. ImcWw, am\knI k¦ev] w
hln¡p¶Xv AXmWv. AXn\m t`mtKÑ¡v ImcWamb
hkv X pXIÄ kaqew XyPn¨v BImis¯t¸mse
k z Ñh p w im ´ h p am b N n¯ t ¯ m s S I g nbp I .
lrZb]qÀhw kIe t`mtKÑIfpw XyPn¨v a\ÊnÂ
 675
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h\mWv apà³. ]¯p Zn¡pIfnepw Npän¡d§n Ah³
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btky Zw P· ]mÝmXyw Xamtizh almatX
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anthm¯aw
hncàa\kmw kayIvkz{]kwKm Zp ZmlrZw
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hmk\bm kl
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{]bm´n tb
tX cXv\ ma`nhmRvO´nXyàlkvX
Ø IukvXp`x
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l\ymXv hnthI ZWvt U\ ht{PtWh
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N P
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sh¶pw sshcmKy Nn¯·mÀ kz´w A\p`qXnbmÂ
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fmIp¶ i{Xp¡sf hnhIamIp¶ hSnsIm­Sn¨v
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Xncn¡pI.
22. kwkmc cm{Xn Zpxkz]vt\ iqt\y
tZlatb {`ta
kÀhtahm ]hn{Xw XXv ZrjvSw
kwkrXn hn{_aw
23. AÚmt\m]ltXm _mte buht\
h\nXm lXx
titjIf{X Nn´mÀ¯x In ItcmXn \cm[ax
24. ktXm k¯mØnXm apÀ[v\n ZpxJm\n In
taIw kwibm arlw
25. tbjmw \ntajtWm³tazju
PKXx{]ftbmZbu
XmZrim ]pcpjmbm´n amZrimw
KWss\h Im
Cu kpµc icocw kwkmcamIp¶ cm{XnbnÂ
ImWp¶ Zpxkz]v\w t]msebmWv. AXnsâ KXn A]hn
{XamIp¶p. _mey¯n AÚm\mKX³; buÆ\¯nÂ
kv{Xohnjb Nn´IÄ, A´yIme¯v `mcym ]p{XmZnIsf
kw_Ôn¨ Nn´ C§s\bpff \cm[a\v Btßm¶
Xn¡v F´psN¿m³ Ignbpw? k¯nsâ ta Ak
 676
I ¯nsâ hnPbhpw kuµcy¯nsâta sshcq]y¯nsâ
hnPbhpw kpJ¯nsâ ta ZpxJ¯nsâ hnPbhpw
\ S¡ p ¶ A h Ø b n X m ³ G X ns \ i cW w
{]m]n¡Ww? BcpsS \nthtjmt·j¯mtemtWm
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B ]pcpj³ t]mepw Ime¯m I_foIrXamIpt¼mÄ
Fs¶t¸mepff \nÊmc·mcpsS AhØ F´mIpw?
26. kwkmc Gh ZpxJm\mw koam´
CXn IYytX
X·t[y ]XntX tZtl kpJ
amkzmZytX IYw?
27. {]_pt²m kvan {]_pt²m kvan
ZpjvStÝmtcmbamß\m
at\m \ma \nlktay\w a\km
kvan Nncw lrXx
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tlbm tZbZriu cyàzm tijtØx
kp Øntcm`h
29. \ncmiXm \nÀ`bXm \nXyXm akXm ÚXm
\ncolXm \njv{InbXm kuayXm
\nÀhnIev ]Xm
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arZp `mjnXm
tltbm ]mtZb \nÀ·ptà tÚ
XnjvT´y ]hmk\w
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kwkmc hmcn {]krXw Nn´m X´p`ncm XXw
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iemIbm
hmXy tbhmw_pZw Pmew OnXzm XnjvT
XtX ]tZ
At§ A\s¯ ZpxJsa¶v IcpXs¸Sp¶ Cu {]©
¯n IpSp§p¶ tZlw F§s\ kpJw BkzZn¡m
\mWv? Bßmhns\ tamjvSn¨ Iff³ Fsâ Cu Zpjn¨
Nn¯w Xs¶. CXv Ft¸mgmWv Fs¶ tamjvSn¨sX¶
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\m Rm³ AXns\ XIÀ¡pw? tlb]ZmÀ°§Ä¡p
th­n ZpxJn¡p¶Xn F´mWÀ°w? AXpt]mse
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kÀh{X hym]vXamWv. Iptª, Cu ambsb Úm\
amIp¶ IqÀ¯ ic¯m sImSp¦mäv taL§sfsb¶
t]mse XIÀ¯v Xsâ bYmÀ° cq]¯n Dd¨v \ne
sImffpI.
33. a\sskh a\xivOnXzm IpTmtctWh ]mZ]w
]Zw ]mh\amkmZy kZy Gh Øntcm `h
34. XnjvT³ Kѳ kz]³ Pm{K³ \nhk¶pXv
]X³ ]X³
AktZthZaniy´w \nÝnXymØmw
]cnXyQ
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kntam£hm³
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Bßt\m PlXÝm´À ZrjvS Zriy
Zim´tc
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kzmZykzmZI kwXyàw kzmZy
kzmZI a[yKw
ac¯nsâ IjWw LSn¸n¨ tImSmensIm­v acs¯
sh«n hogv ¯p¶Xpt]mse a\ÊpsIm­v Xs¶ a\
Êns\ tOZn¨v kpØnc\mbncn¡pI. Ccn¡pt¼mgpw
Fgpt¶Â¡pt¼mgpw \S¡pt¼mgpw Dd§pt¼mgpw
F¶Ã FÃm AhØIfnepw FÃmw Ak{Zq]sa¶v
IcpXn ZriyhkvX p¡tfmSpff BØ ssIhnSpI.
ImcWw, Zriyw sIm­pXs¶ Nn¯¯nsâ _Ô\¯nÂ
AIs¸Sp¶p. Zriyfv ssIshSnªm Nn¯ iq\yX
sIm­v \o tam£ {]m]vXn¡[nImcnbmIp¶p. ""temIhp
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hps­¶v IcpXpI. kzmZpff ]ZmÀ°w. AX vBkzZn¡p
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kzmZns\ am{Xw Nn´n¨p ]camßmhn ebn¡m³
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38. kzZKw tIhew [ymb³ ]camßatbm `h
Ahew_y \ncmew_w at[y at[y
Øntcm `h
39. cÖq _²m hnapNyt´ XrjvWm
_²m \ tI\NnXv
Xkva m¶nZmLp XrjvW mw Xzw XyP
k¦ev] hÀP\mXv
 677
I tIhew kzmZKw [ym\n¨psIm­v ]camß]cam
hpI. \ncmew_s¯ Ahew_n¨v a[y¯n Ønc\m
hpI. IbdpsIm­v sI«s¸«h³ tamNn¡s¸Sp¶p.
F¶m XrjvWm_²·mÀ tamNn¡s¸Sp¶nÃ. AXn\mÂ
\o \nZmL XrjvW ssIhn«v k¦ev]§sf shSnªv
apà\mIpI.
40. GXmalw `mhabo a]pWymw
OnXzm \lw `mh iemIssbh
kz`mhPmw `hy `hm´ `qau
`h {]im´m Jne `qX `oXnx
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\ml ta`nÀ hn\m In©n¶hssbtX
hn\m Ine
42. CXy´À \nÝbw Xyàzm hnNmcy
a\km kl
\mlw ]ZmÀ° ky \ ta ]ZmÀ°
CXn `mhntX
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bm {Inbm
tbm \q\w hmk\mXymtKm t[ytbm {_Ò³
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Cu XrjvW tOZn¡m\pff almkv{Xw Alw `mhcm
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° temI¯n k©cn¡pI, im´\mbn Nn´n¨v
t`mtKÑ shSnbpI. Cu ]ZmÀ°w FsâXÃ; F\n¡v
Cu ]ZmÀ°§fpambn _Ôanà F¶ `mh\tbmsS
\ncmew_mhØbn ØnXn sN¿Ww.
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hmk\m£bx
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bx iaw KXx
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kpjp]vX hZy´cXn k Poh·à DNytX
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_t²Xn IYytX
kÀhmÀ° hmkt\m`qX XrjvWm aptàXn
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alm_v[nhXv
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XyPn¡p¶h\mWv Poh·pà³. k¦ev]hmk\ kaqew
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_mly hnjb§Ä \ÂIp¶ XrjvW _Ô\w \ÂIpw.
kÀhhmk\mclnXamb Xrjv W apàn {]ZamWv .
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kzcq]§fmWv. AhsbÃmw ssIhn«v {]im´ alm
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 678
I 54. PmbtX \nÝbx kmt[m ]pcpjky
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hn\nÀ½nXx
CtXytIm \nÝtbm {_Ò³ _Ômbmk
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Z]ylw X\p
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XrXotbm \nÝbÝtàm tam£m
ssbhZzntPm¯a
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Gh taj NXpÀt°m ]n \nÝtbm tam£
kn²nZx
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_ÔtbmKybm
ip² XrjvWmkv{Xbx kzÑm Poh·pàm
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tbm almatX
XamZmb hnjmZmb \ `qtbm PmbtX aXnx
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cmWv'' 2. Rm³ PKZmßI `mhclnX\pw tIim{Ks¯
¡mfpw kq£vaImchpamb BßmhmWv. 3. Rm³ AJne
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Ahn\minbpamIp¶p. 4. Rm\pw Cu k¼qÀ® hnizhpw
BImis¯t¸mse iq\yhpamWv. c­mw \nÝbw sIm­v
kÖ\§Ä apàn {]m]n¡p¶p. aq¶mas¯Xp sIm­v
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amWv. H¶mas¯XmIs« _Ô\w \ÂIp¶ XrjvW
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IqSnbhÀ BßXXz \ncXcmb Poh·pàcmWv. FÃmw
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¶nÃ.
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inhx]pcpj Cuimt\m \nXyamt©Xn
IYytX
62. ssZzXmssZzXkapZv`qssXÀ PK¶nÀ½mW
eoebm
]camß abn iànssZzssXhw ]n{Pw `tX
N P
63. kÀhmXoX ]Zmew_o ]cn]qÀ® INn·bx K
t\mtZzKo \ N Xpjv Smßm kwkmtc
\m hkoZXn
64. {]m]vXIÀ½Itcm \nXyw i{Xp an{X
kam\ ZrIv
CulnXm \o ssXÀaptàm \ timNXn
\ Imw£Xn
65. kÀhkym`naXw hàm tNmZnXx
t]itemànam³
BibÚ Ý `qXm\mw kwkmtc
\mh ko ZXn
66. ]qÀhmw ZrjvS nahjvS`yt[yb
XymK hnemkn\ow
Poh·pàbm kzÀt¤m temI hnlmc hnPzcx
67. A´xkwXbà kÀhmtim hoX cmtKm
hnhmk\x
_lnx kÀth kamNmtc temI hnlc hnPzcx
68. _lnx IrXna kwcwt`m lrZnkwcw` hÀPnXx
IÀ¯m _lncIÀ¯m´À temI hnlc
ip² [ox
69. Xyà lw IrXycmizkvX aXn ] cmImi
tim`\x
AKrloX If¦mt¦, temtI hnlc ip² [ox
Bßmsh¶p ]dbs¸Sp¶ iq\yw Xs¶bmWv
{]IrXn, amb, inh³ ]pcpj³ Cuim\³ {_ÒÚm\w
ChsbÃmw. ]c{_Ò kw_²nbmb AssZzXiàn
Xs¶bmWv ssZzXambn ImWs¸Sp¶Xv. AssZzX¯mÂ
{]ISamIp¶ ]ZmÀ°§fm hnizkrjv Sn¡pff amb
{]hÀ²amIp¶p. hniz {]]©m´ÀKXambn Bßmh
ØnX·mcmbn kt´mjtam k´m]tam IqSmsX ]cn
]qÀ® Nn·bmhØbn Ccn¡p¶hÀ {]m]©nI
ZpxJ§fn s]Sp¶nÃ. \o kIe BiIfpw ssIhn«v
hmk\m iq\y\pw cmKclnX\pw Xm] clnX\pambn
FÃm kmwkvImcnI IÀ½§fpw _mlycq]¯n am{Xw
sN¿pI. ]pdsa tIm]ap­mbmepw Dffn AXv ]mSnÃ.
_mlyambn IÀ¯hmWv F¦nepw ´cnIambn AIÀ¯m
hmIWw. C§s\ ip² Nn¯\mIpI. Fs´¶mÂ
i{Xphns\bpw an{Xs¯bpw Hcp t]mse IcpXp¶h\pw
\nXy {]m]vX IÀ½§Ä sN¿p¶h\pw CÑm\nÑm
hnapà\pw timI lÀjmZn clnX\pw {]nb `mjnbpw
]cwKnX Úm\nbpambncn¡p¶h³ am{Xw Cu temI-
¯n ZpxJ¯n\ncbmIp¶nÃ. Al¦mc ssIhn«v If¦
Imfna IecmX BImiw t]mse \nÀ½eamb lrZb
t¯msS ip²am\k\mbn kzѵw Pohn¡pI.
 679
I 70. DZmcx t]iem NmcxkÀhmNmcm\p hr¯nam³
A´xkwK]cnXymKo _lnx kw`mc hm\nh
71. Ass´À sshcmKyamZmb _lncmImtim
·ptJ lnXx
Abw _Ôpcbw t\Xn KW\m
eLp tNXkmw
72. DZmcNcnXm\mw Xp hkpss[h IpSpw_Iw
`mhm`mh hn\nÀ½pàw PcmacWhÀPnXw
73. {]im´Ie\m cay \ocmKw ]Zam{ib
Gjm {_mÒoØnXnx kzÑm
\njvImamhnKXmabmx
74. BZmb hnlct¶hw k¦tSjp \ aplyXn
sshcmtKyWmY imkvt{XmW alXzmZn
KpssWc]n
75. bXv k¦ev] hnlmcmÀ°w
kzbtathm¶b³ a\x
sshcmKymXv ]q˨XmtaXn at\m\mi
him\pKw
76. Bibm càXmtaXn icZoh ktcm
aew Xtah
`àn hnckw hym]mcuLw ]p\x ]p\x
77. Znhtk Znhtk IpÀh³ {]mÚx Ikvam¶
eÖtX
Nnss¨Xy IentXm _ÔkvX·pàu
apàn cpNytX
DZmcmNcWw tN˦v, DZmcaXnbmbn hnjbm\m
kà\mbn t{ijvTmNmc]c\mbn A´xIcW¯nÂ
sshcmKyt¯msS _mlyambn D¯a coXnbn s]cpam
dpI. CXv Fsâ _ÔphÃ, CbmÄ _ÔphmWv. Cu
amXncnNn´ Aev] _p²nIfpsSXmWv. DZmcaXnIÄ¡v
kakvX hnizhpw kz´w IpSpw_amIp¶p. `mhm`mh
clnXhpw PcmacWhnlo\hpw kÀh k¦ev]m{inXhpw
cmKclnXhpamb ]ca ]Z¯n AhØnX\mIpI.
CXmWv Ima\mclnXhpw \nÀ½ehpamb {_mÒo F¶
ØnXn. Cu ØnXn B{ibn¡p¶ km[I\v k¦Sw
h¶ps]«mepw e`n¨ Úm\¯m D­mIp¶ alXzmZn
KpW§fmtem sshcmKy _p²nbmtem km¦ev]w ssI
shSnªp Ignªm a\Êv D¶XmhØ {]m]n¡p¶p.
\ncmimabamb a\Ên\v sshcmKy sat\y ]qÀ®X
t\Sm³ H¡nÃ. a\Êv BimabamIpt¼mÄ icXv
Imes¯ kzÑ ktcmhcw t]mse cmKapàamIp¶p.
F¶m t`mKapàamb a\Êv ho­pw cmKmZnIfnÂ
AIs¸Sp¯phm³ hnÚm·mÀ¡v eÖ tXm¶m¯
sX´mWv? Nn¯ hnjb§fpsS kwtbmKw Xs¶ _Ô
\w. _Ô\¯n \n¶pw tamN\w t\Sp¶XpXs¶ apàn.
N P
78. NnZssNX\ymInem tßXn kÀhkn²m´ K
kw{Klx
GX¶nÝ bamZmb hntemIb [otbÑbm
79. kzbtahmß\mßm\am\µw ]Zam]v\ y kn
NnZlw NnZntatemImÝn Zm imÝnZn
amx {]Pmx
80. Zriy ZÀi\ \nÀ½pàx tIhemae cq]hm³
\ntXymZn tXm \ncm `mtkm {`jvSm km£o
NnZmßIx
81. ssNX\y \nÀ½pà Nn{Zq]w ]qÀ®
tPymXn kzcq]Iw
kwim´ kÀhw kw thZyw kwhn·m{X
alw alXv
82. kwim´ kÀh k¦ev]x {]im´
kItejWw
\nÀhnIev] ]Zw KXzm kztØm `h ap\oizc
hnjb hnapà Nn¯amWv Bßmsh¶v thZm´w
A\pimkn¡p¶p. Cu Nn´ kXysa¶dnªv ip²m´x
IcW¯m Bßmhns\ ZÀin¡pI At¸mÄ B\µ
kzcq]amb ]Zw ssIhcpw. Cu temI§fpw Zn¡pIfpw
PohnIfpw FÃmw Nn¯w Xs¶ Rm\pw Nn¯mWv.
Zriy¯mepw ZÀi\¯mepw, kѵhpw \nÀ½ehpamb
cq]t¯mSp IqSnb Cu k m£nbmb NnZmß mhv
B`mkclnXhpw \nXyhpw {]Xy£ambpw {`jvShmbn
XoÀ¶ncn¡p¶p. Rm³ al¯pw Nn·m{X kzcq]hpw
]qÀ® tPymXnx kzcq]hpw kÀh{]Imc¯nepw kwth
Z\m apàhpw Nn{Zq]hpamIp¶p. apt\, kIe¦ev]§fpw
im´am¡n Ima\IÄ ssI shSnªv \nÀhnIev] kam[n
ssIsImffpI.
83. b C am w atl m] \ nj Z w {_ m Ò tW m
\nXya[otX At{im{Xnbx t{im{Xntbm `hXn.
A\p]\oXx D]\otXm `hXn. tkm án ]qtXm
`hXnx
k tkma]qtXm `hXn k kXy ]qtXm `hXn.
kkÀh `qtXm `hXn k kÀsshx tZ sshx
Ú mtXm `hXn. kx kÀthjp XoÀt° jp
k\mtXm `hXn. kxkÀsshx tZ sshc\p[ym tXm
`hXn. kkÀh{X Xp`ncnjvShm³ `hXn. Kmb-
{Xymx jjv T n kl{kmWn P]v X m\n ^em\n
`h´n. CXnlmk ]pcmWm\w iX kl{kmWn
P]v X m\n ^em\n `h´n. {]Whm\m abpXw
P]v X w `h´n B N£pjx ]wàn ]p\mXn
Bk]vXam³ ]pcpj bpKm³ ]p\mXn. CXyml
`Khm³ lncWy KÀ`x Pt]y\m arXXzw N
KÑXoXyp]\nj¯v.
 680
I GsXmcp {_mÒW³ Cu atlm]\nj¯v \nXyhpw
A[yb\w sN¿p¶p. AbmÄ At{im{Xnb\msW¦nÂ
t{im{Xnb\mbn¯ocp¶p. D]\oX\sæn D]\oX\m
Ip ¶p. A h³ A á n]q X\m bn, hmb p]q X\m bn
tkma]qX\mbn kXy]qX\mbn `hn¡p¶p. ]cn]qÀ®
ip²\pw kIetZh·mcmepw [ym\n¨ ^ehpw XoÀ°m
S\ ^ehpw Ah\v kn²n¡p¶p. Ah³ kÀhÚ
IÀ¯mhmbn At\Ikl{kw Kmb{Xn P]n¨mep­m
1 apàn-tIm-]-\n-j¯v
im´n]mTw
Hmw. ]q˨ aZx ]q˨anZw ]q˨mXv ]q˨apZ
NytX. ]q˨ky ]q˨amZmb ]q˨tahmh
injytX.
Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx.
Hmw. {]Whcq]amb ]c{_Òw kÀhhn[¯nepw
]qÀ®amIp¶p. ]qÀ®ambXn \n¶pamWv Cu ]qÀ®w
A`nhyàambn«pÅXv. ]qÀ®¯n \n¶p ]qÀ®s¯
FSp¯m ]qÀ®w Xs¶ Ahtijn¡p¶p. Hmw. im´nx
im´nx im´nx
H¶ma²ymbw
1. Atbm²ym \Ktc ctay cXv\aWvU] a²yta
koXm`cX kuan{Xn i{XpLv\mssZyx
ka\znXw.
2. k\ImssZyÀap\nKssWÀ hknjvTmssZyx
ipImZn`nx
Ass\yÀ`mKhssXÝm]n kvXqbam\
al˦niw
3. [ohn{Inbmkl{kmWmw km£nWw
\nÀhnImcnWw.
kzcq][ym\ \ncXw kam[nhncta lcnw.
4. `àymip{iqjbmcmaw kvXph³]
{]ÑamcpXnx
cma Xzw ]camßmkn k¨nZm\µ e£Wx
N P
Ip¶ ^e¯n\Àl\mIp¶p. ]Xn\mbncw {]Whw
K
P]n¨XpsIm­pw At\I kl{kw CXnlmk ]pcmW
§Ä hmbn¨XpsIm­pw e`n¡mhp¶ ^ew In«p¶p.
ImWm³ Ignbp¶nSt¯mfw ]wànIsf ]cnip²am¡p
¶p. Ahsâ Ggpap³Xeapd¡mcpw Ggv ]n³ Xeapd
¡mcpw ip²cmIp¶p. CXp P]n¡p¶Xn\m AarXXzw
e`n¡p¶p. CXv al¯mb D]\nj¯msW¶v {_Òmhv
]dªn«p­v.
atlm\nj¯v kam]n¨p.
3
kpµcamb Atbm²ym\Kc¯nse cXv\aWvU]
at²y koXm`cX e£vaW i{XpLv\³amtcmsSmcpan¨v
{iocmaN{µ³ hmgp¶p.
k\ImZnap\namÀ hknjvTmZn {_ÒÀjnamÀ, aäp
`mKhX·mÀ F¶nhcm kv X pXn¡s¸Sp¶h\pw
_p²nbpsS [qjW\ kl{k§Ä¡p km£n`qX\pw
Bb {iocma N{µ³ kam[nbn \n¶p hncan¨t¸mÄ
At±ls¯ ip{iqjn¨Xn\ptijw {io l\pam³ ]d
ªp: AÃtbm cmaN{µm, A§v k¨nZm\µkzcq]\mb
]camßmhmWv.
5. CZm\ow Xzmw cLpt{ijvTm {]Waman
aplÀ½plpx
Xz{Zq]w ÚmXpanÑman X¯ztXm
cmaapàtb.
6. A\mbmtk\ tb\mlw aptNybw
`h_Ô\mXv
Ir]bm hZ ta cma tb\ aptàm `hmaylw.
tl cLpt{ijvTm, Rm³ A§sb ho­pw ho­pw
\akv ¡ cn¡ p¶p. apàn¡mbn Rm³ A§ bpsS
bYmÀ°cq]w Adnhm\m{Kln¡p¶p. GsXm¶n\mÂ
Rm³ A\mbmtk\ kwkmc_Ô\¯n \n¶pw
apà\mIptam B bYmÀ° cq]adnhm\mWv Rm³
B{Kln¡p¶Xv. I\nhp­mbn F\n¡v apànt\Sphm³
th­nbpÅ A§bpsS X¯zw D]tZin¨p X¶mepw.
 681
I 7. km[p ]rjvSw alm_mtlm hZman irWp
X¯zXx
thZmt´ kp{]XnjvtTm lw thZm´w
kap]m{ib.
tl alm_mtlm, \o tNmZn¨Xv hfsc \¶¯s¶.
Rm³ X¯zw ]dbmw \o tI«psImÄI. Rm³ thZm´
¯n {]XnjvTnX\mIp¶p. \o thZm´s¯ B{ibn
¡pI.
8. thZm´x tI cLt{ijvT, hÀ¯t´
Ip{X tX hZ
l\pam³ irWp h£yan
thZm´ØnXnaRvPkm.
l\pam³:þ tl cLphoc, thZm´§Ä GhbmWv?
Ah FhnsSbmWv ØnXnsN¿p¶Xv? C¡mcyw F\n¡p
]dªp X¶mepw
{iocma³þ l\pam³, tI«psImÄI. Rm³ thZm´
¯nsâ ØnXnsb¸än Ct¸mÄXs¶ ]dªp Xcp¶p­v.
9. \nxizmk`qXmtahnjv tWmÀthZmPmXx
kphnkvX
cmx Xntejp ssXehtZztZ thZm´x
kp{]XnjvT nXx
{iocma³ ]dªp:þ thZm´§Ä AXnhnkv XrX
§fmWv. Ah Fsâ \nizmk¯n \n¶pw D­mbXmWv.
FÅn F®sb¶t]mse thZ§fn thZm´w kp{]
XnjvTnXambncn¡pIbmWv.
10. cma thZmx IXnhn[mkvtXjmw
imJmÝ cmLh
Xmkq]\njZx Imx kyqx Ir]bm hZ X¯zXx
l\pam³ tNmZn¨p:þ tl cma, thZ§Ä F{Xhn[
ap­v? AhbpsS imJIÄ GsXÃmw? Ahbn D]\nj
¯pIÄ GsXÃmamWv? ChsbÃmw kZbw F\n¡p
hniZambn ]dªp X¶mepw.
11. {iocma DhmN:þ
EtKzZmZn hn`mtK\ thZmÝXzmc CucnXmx
tXjmw imJmlyt\Imx kypkvX mkpþ
]\njZkvXYm
{iocma³ ]dªp:þ EtKzZmZnhn`mK¯m thZ§Ä
\mse®aps­¶pÅ Imcyw {]kn²amWtÃm. Ahbv¡p
At\Iw imJIfpw D­v. Ahbn D]\nj¯pIfpw
At\Iap­v.
12. EtKzZky Xp imJmx kyptcI
hnwiXnkwJyImx
\hm[nIiXw imJm bPpj amcpXmßP
N P
tl amcptX, EtKzZ¯n\v Ccp]s¯m¶p imJIfpw K
bPpÀthZ¯n\v \qänH³]Xv imJIfpap­v.
13. kl{kkwJybm PmXmx imJmx
kmav\x ]c´]
AYÀhWky imJmx kyqx ]©miZvt`
ZtXm ltc.
kmathZ¯n\v Bbnchpw AYÀhthZ¯n\v A³]
Xpw imJIfp­v.
14. GssIIkymkvX pimJmbm GssItIm]
\nj³aXm
XmkmtaImarNw tb\ ]TtX `àntXm abn.
15. k aÕmbpPy ]Zhow {]m]vt\mXn
ap\nZpÀÃ`w.
cmatI Nn³ap\nt{ijvT apàntctIXn
N£ntc.
16. tINnXv Xzm¶ma`P\mXvImiyw
Xmtcm]tZiXx
At\y Xp kmwJy tbmtK\ `àntbm
tK\Nm]tc.
Hmtcm imJbv¡pw Hmtcm D]\nj¯pap­v. Ah
bnse Hcp thZhmIysa¦nepw F¶n `àntbmSp IqSn
]Tn¡p¶ BÄ a\\ioecmb ap\namÀ¡p t]mepw
ZpÀÃ`amb Fsâ kmbqPy]Zw {]m]n¡p¶p.
l\pam³ ]dªp. tl cma, Nne ap\nt{ijv T·mÀ
{]m]yambXp apàn H¶pam{XtabpÅq. F¶v A`n{]mb-
s¸Sp¶p. NneÀ A§ bpsS \ma`P\w sIm­ pw,
aäpNneÀ Iminbn XmcIat{´m]tZi¯mepw thsd
NneÀ kmwJytbmKw sIm­pw A]c·mÀ `àntbmK
¯mepw apàn {]m]n¡p¶p. F¶p ]dbp¶p.
17. At\y thZm´ hmIymÀ° hnNmcmXv
]caÀjbx
kmtemIymZnhn`mtK\ NXpÀ [mapàncocnXm.
aäp NneÀ alÀjnamÀ thZm´ hmIymÀ°hnNmc
¯mepw apànsb {]m]n¡p¶p. kmtemIyw XpS§n
apàn \mep hn[aps­¶v A`n{]mbap­v.
Pohmßmhv ]camßmhn ]qÀ®ambn hnebncp¯p
¶XmWv. ssIheyapàn. hnjvWp temIw {]thin¡pI.
At±l¯nsâ ASp¯ncn¡pI. At±l¯nsâ cq]s¯
kZm [ym\n¨psIm­ncn¡pI. HSphn B cq]s¯ kZm
[ym\n¨psIm­ncn¡pI. HSphn B cq]¯n ebn
¡pI. F¶n§s\ tam£¯n\v \mehØmt`Z§fp­v.
AhbmWv kmtemIy, kmao]y, kmcq], kmbqPy§Ä.
cq][ym\¯n C§s\ Aev ] mev ] ambn DbÀ¶v
`à·mÀ kmbqPyw {]m]n¡p¶p. cmaa{´wsIm­v Cu
 682
I \mehØtbbpw {]m]n¡mw. kmbqPyw Xs¶bmWv ssI
heyw.
18. ktlmhmN {iocmaxþ
ssIhey apàntcssIh ]mcamÀ°n
Icq]nWo
ZpcmNmctXm hm]na¶ma`P\mXvIt].
19. kmtemIy apàn am]vt\mXn \Xp temIm´
Imiyw Xp {_Ò\mtfkvan³ artXma¯mc
tam]v\pbmXv.
20. ]p\cmhr¯n clnXmw apànw
{]m]vt\mXn am\hx
b{X Iq{Xm]n hm Imiymw actW
k atlizcx
{iocma³ ]dªpþ bYmÀ°¯n ssIheyapàn
H¶p am{Xta DÅp. ZqÀhr¯\mbmepw Ah³ Fsâ
\ma`P\w sIm­v kmtemIyapànsb {]m]n¡p¶p.
Ah\v A\ytemI {]m]vIn th­n hcp¶nÃ. Cu {_Ò
\mf`qXamb Iminbn h¨v A´yIme¯v Fsâ XmcI
a{´w {Kln¡p¶h³ ]p\ÀP·clnXamb apànsb
{]m]n¡p¶p. Iminbn FhnsS h¨v Ncaw{]m]n¨mepw
Ah³ atlizc\mbn¯ocp¶p.
21. Pt´mÀ Z£nW IÀt® Xp a¯mcw
kap]mZntiXv
\nÀ²qXmtij ]m ]utLmaÕmcq]yw
`PXybw.
Fsâ XmcIa{´w {]mWnbpsS heXpsNhnbnÂ
tIĸn¡pI. B {]mWn kÀh]m]hn\nÀ½pà\mbn
Fsâ kmcq]ys¯ {]m]n¡pIXs¶ sN¿pw.
22. sskh kymtemIy kmcq]y
apàncnXy`n[obtX
kZmNmcctXm `qXzm ZzntPm \nXya\\y[ox
23. abnkÀhmßtI `mthm aÕmao]yw `PXybw
sskh kmtemIy kmcq]y kmao]ym
apàncnjytX.
kmtemIy kmcq]yapàn F¶p ]dbs¸Sp¶v
AXpXs¶bmIp¶p. k ZmNmc\ncX\mbn¯ oÀ¶v
kÀhmßI\mb F¶n \nesIm­v A\\ykvI\mbn
A´xIcWs¯ kaÀ¸n¡p¶ {_mlva W³ Fsâ
kmao]ys¯ {]m]n¡p¶p. AXp Xs¶bmWv kmtemIy
kmcq]y kmao]yapàn F¶p ]dbs¸Sp¶Xv.
24. Kpcp]ZnjvSamÀt¤W [ymb³ a{Zq]ahybw
aÕmbqPyw ZznPx karKv`tPZv {`aIoShXv.
N P
Kpcp D]tZin¨ amÀ¤¯n IqSn Ahybamb Fsâ
K
cq]s¯ icnbmbhn[w [ym\n¨p sIm­v {_mÒW³
{`aIoS\ymtb\ th«mf³ kz´w Iq«n Hcp ]pgphns\
sIm­ph¶p sh¡p¶p. Ipd¨p\mfpIÄ¡v tijw
AXn \n¶v hcp¶Xv ]pgphÃ. asämcp th«mf\mav cma
a{µcq]¯m ]pXnb krjvSnbmhp¶p. Fsâ kmbqPy
s¯ {]m]n¡p¶p.
25. sskh kmbpPy apànx kymZv {_Òm\µIco
inhm NXpÀhn[m Xpbm apànÀ aZp]mk
\bm`thXv
AXpXs¶bmWv {_Òm\µ {]Zhpw kpawKfZm
bIhpw BbkmbqPyapàn. Cu \mephn[¯nepÅ
`ànbpw Fsâ D]mk\sIm­p e`n¡p¶p.
26. Cbw ssIhey apànkvXp tIt\m]mtb\
kn²yXn amWv UqIytaItahmew
apap£qWmw hnapàtb
l\pam³ ]dªp:þ `Khms\ Cu ssIhey apàn
e`n¡phm\pÅ D]mbsa´mWv?
{iocma³ ]dªp_ apap£p¡Ä¡v apàn¡mbn«v
amWvUptIym]\njXv H¶pam{Xw aXnbmIpw.
27. XYm]ykn²w tNÖvRm\w Ztim]\njmZw
Úm\w e_v[zmNncmtZh amaIw
[ma bmkykn.
AXpsIm­v Úm\w e`n¨nsæn Ztim]\nj
¯pIÄ ]Tn¡pI. Cu ]T\¯m Úm\w e`n¨v ANn
tcW Fsâ [mas¯ {]m]n¡p¶XmWv.
28. XYm]n ZrVXm t\m tNZv hnÚm
\kymRvPkm
kpZZzm{Xnw imtJym]\njZw
ka`yky \nhÀ¯b
cma\ ]dªp:þ F¶n«pw hnÚm\w ZrVambn
sæn tl ARvP\mßP, ap¸¯nc­p]\nj¯pIÄ
\Ãt]mse A`ykn¨v tam£s¯ {]m]n¨mepw.
29. hntZl apàmhnÑm tNZjvtSm¯ciXw ]m
Xmkmw {Iaw \im´nw N irWp
h£yman X¯zXx
hntZlapànbmWv B{Klsa¦n \qän F«v D]\n
j¯pIÄ ]Tn¡pI. AhbpsS bYm{Iaw Rm³ ]dbw.
30. CuitI\ IT {]iv\apWvU
amWvUqIy¯ncnx
sFXtcbw N OmtµmKyw _rlZm
cWyIw XYm
 683
I Cuimhmkyw, tI\w, Imw, {]iv\w, apWvU Iw,
amWvUqIyw, ssX¯ncobw, sFXtcbw, OmtµmKyw,
_rlZmcWyIw.
31. {_ÒssIhey Pm_metizXmtizm
lwk Bcpþ
WxKÀt`m \mcmbtWm lwtkm _nµpÀ
\mZincxinJm.
{_Òw, ssIheyw, Pm_mew, tizXmizXcw, lwkw,
BcpWoIw, KÀ`w, alm\mcmbWw. ]ca lwkw,
{_Ò_nµp, AarX\mZw, AYÀhincw, AYÀh inJw.
32. ssa{XmbWo IujoXIo _rlÖm
_meXm]\o
Imemáncp{Zssat{Xbo kp_me£p
cna{´nIm.
ssa{XmWn, IujoXIn {_mÒWw, _rlPvQm
_mew, \rknwl]qÀhXm]n\n, \rknwtlm¯cXm]n\n,
Imemáncp{Zw, ssat{Xbo, kp_mew, £pcnIw, am{´nIw.
33. kÀhkmcw \ncmew_w clkyw h{PkqNnIw
tXtPm\mZm[ym\
hnZymtbmKX¯zmþßt_m[Iw.
kÀhkmcw, \ncmew_w, ipIclkyw, h{PkpNnIw,
tXtPm _nµp, \mZ_nµp, [ym\_nµp, {_ÒhnZy,
tbmKX¯zw, Bß{]t_m[Iw.
34. ]cnhv]mSv {XninJo koXm NqUm\nÀh
hmWaWvUew
Z£nWm ic`w kvIµw alm\mcmb
Wmlzbw.
\mcZ ]cp{hPIw, {XninJn {_mlvaWw, koX, tbmK-
NqUmaWn, \nÀhmWw, aWvUe{_mÒWw, Z£nWm-
aqÀ¯n, ic`w, kvIµw, {Xn]mZzn`qXnalm \mcmbWw.
AZzbXmcIw.
35. clkyw cmaX]\w hmkptZhw N apZvKew
imWvUneyw ss]wKew `n£p
alÑmcocIw inJm.
cmaclkyw ({iocma]qÀhXm]n\n) {iocmtam¯cXm
]n\n) hmkptZhw, apZvKew, imWvUneyw, ss]wKew,
`n£pIw, alw, imcocIw, tbmKinJw.
36. XpcobmXoXk\ymk ]cn{hmPm£
amenIm Ahy
ssàIm£cw ]qÀ®meqcym£
[ymßIpWvUnIm.
(XpcobmXoXw, k¶ymkw, ]calwk ]cn{hmPIw,
N P
A£amenIw, Ahyàw, GIm£cw, A¶]qÀ®m, K
kqcym, A£n, A²ymßw, IpWvUnIw.
37. kmhn{Xymßm ]mip]Xw ]cw {_Òmh
[qXIw
{Xn]pcmX]\w tZho{Xn]pcm IT`mh\
lrZbw IpWvUeo `kva cp{ZmIv, KW ZÀi\w
kmhn{Xn, Bßw, ]mip]X{_Òw, ]c{_Òw,
Ah[qXw, {Xn]pcXm]n\n, tZhn, {Xn]pcw, Iwcp{Z, `mh\,
cp{Z lrZbw tbmKIpWvUen\o, `kvaPm_mew, cp{Zm£
Pm_mew, KW]Xn, ZÀi\w.
38. XmckmacalmhmIy ]©{_Òmán
tlm{XIw
tKm]meX]\w IrjvWw bmÚhÂIyw
hcmlIw.
Xmckmcw, almhmIyw ]©{_Òw, {]mWmán
tlm{Xw, tKm]me]qÀhXm]n\n, tKm]mtem¯tXm]n\n)
IrjvWw, bmÚhevIyw hcmlw.
39. imSymb\ lb{Kohw Z¯mt{Xbw N KmcpUw
IenPm_men ku`mKyclkyENapànIm
imSymb\obw, lb{Kohw, Z¯mt{Xbw, KmcpUw,
Ien k´cWw, Pm_men, ku`mKye£van, _lzrNw,
apànIw.
40. GhtajvtSm¯ciXw `mh\m{Xb\mi\w
Úm\sshcmKyw ]pwkmw hmk\mþ{Xb
\mi\w
C{]Imcw \qän F«v D]\nj¯pIÄ D­v. Ch`m
h\m{Xb\miIhpw, Úm\sshcmKy{]Zhpw BIp¶
hbmWv Ch.
41. ]qÀthm¯tcjp hnlnXX¯Ñm´n
]pckxcw
thZhnZym{hXkv\mXtZinIky apJmÕzbw
42. KrloXzmjvtSm¯ciXw tb ]T´n
ZzntPm¯amx
{]mc_v[ £b]cy´w Poh³apàm
`h´n tX
Cu Hmtcm D]\nj¯nsâbpw BZyhkm\§fnÂ
AXXnsâ im´n]mT§Ä tNÀ¯n«p­v. AhtbmSpIqSn
{_mÒWt{ijv T³ Cu \qänsb«v D]\nj¯pIfpw,
thZhnZym{hXkv\mXI\mbncn¡p¶ Kpcphnsâ apJ¯p
\n¶pw ]Tn¨m Ahsâ kwkmctimIw apgph\pw
\in¨v Poh³apà·mcmIp¶p.
 684
I 43. XXx ImehimtZh {]mc_vt[ Xp
£bw KtX
sshtZlow amaIow apànw bm´n
\mkvXy{X kwibx
XpSÀ¶v Ime{Ia¯n {]mc_v[£bw D­mIp
t¼mÄ AhÀ Ft¶mSp tNÀ¶v hntZlapàn {]m]n¡p
¶p. CXv i¦mclnXamIp¶p.
44. kÀthm]\njmZw at²y kmcajvtSm
¯cw iXw
kIrÑhWamt{XW kÀhmLuL
\nIr´\w
FÃm D]\nj¯pIfnepw h¨v kmc`qX§fmb \qän
F«v D]\nj¯pIÄ Hcp {]mhiysa¦nepw {ihn¨mÂ
kÀh ]m]§fpw CÃmXmIp¶p.
45. atbm]ZnjvSw injymb Xp`yw ]h\\µ\
CZw imkv{Xw abmZnjvSw KplyajvtSm
¯cwiXw
46. ÚmtXmÚm\tXm ]TXmw_Ô tamNIw
cmPyw tZbw [\w tZbw bmNXx Imacq]Ww
47. CZajvtSm¯ciXw \ tZbw bky Iky NnXv
\mkvX nImb IrXLv\mb ZpcmNmc
cXmb ssh
48. aZv`àn hnapJmbm]nimkv{XKÀ
t¯jp aplytX
Kpcp`ànhnlo\mb ZmXhy \ IZmN\
{iocma³ ]dªp:þ tl hmbp]p{X, injy\mb
\n\¡p Rm³ D]tZin¨ clkyamb Cu \qän F«v
D]\nj¯pIÄ Adntªm AdnbmsXtbm ]Tn¡p¶
hÀ¡v Ah _ÔtamNIambn `hn¡p¶p. A`nemj]qÀ
¯n¡v [\w, cmPyw F¶nh Zm\w sN¿mhp¶XmWv.
F¶m \qän F«v D]\nj¯pIfpw FÃmhÀ¡pw
sImSp¡mhp¶XÃ. hntijn¨pw \mkvXnI\pw IrXLv\
\pw ZpcmNmcXXv]c\pw aZ`àn hnlo\\pw Ak¯mb
imkv {XKÀ¯§fn ]Xn¨v tamln¨p t]mbh\pw,
Kpcp`ànbnÃm¯h\pw sImSp¡s¸Smhp¶XÃ.
49. tkhm]cmb injymb lnX]p{Xmb amcptX
aZv` àmb kpioemb Ipeo\mb kpta[tk
50. kayIv ]co£y ZmXhytahajv t Sm¯cw
iXwbx ]tTÑrWpbmZzm]n k amtaXn \ kwibx
XtZX ZrNm`ypàw
AÃtbm amcptX, tkhmXXv] c\mb injy\pw
lnXImcnbmb ]p{X\pw Fsâ `à\pw kpioe\pw
N P
Ipeo\\pw _p²nam\pw Bb injys\ icnbmbn
K
]co£n¨Xn\p tijw am{Xw Cu \qän F«v D]\nj¯p
IÄ D]tZin¡mw. D]\nj¯pIÄ tIÄ¡pItbm
]Tn¡pItbm sN¿p¶h³ Fs¶¯s¶ {]m]n¡p¶p.
kwibanÃ. CXv Ipdn¡p¶ thZhmIyap­v.
51. hnZym l ssh {_mÒWamPKma
tKm]mb am tih[njv tS lakvan.
AkqbImbm\rPth iTmb
am am {_qbm hocyhXo XYm kymbw
52. btah hnZym{ipXa{]a¯w
ta[hn\w {_ÒNcym]]¶w
Xkva m Camap]mk¶mb kayIv
]co£y ZZymssZzjvWhoamß\njvTmw
Hcn¡Â hnZy {_mÒWs\ kao]n¨v C{]Imcw
]dªp:þ A§v Fs¶ clkyambn c£n¡Ww. At§
bv¡ v Rm³ Hcp \n[nkam\amb \nt£]amWv. Akq
bmep, h{I_p²n, iT³ F¶nhÀ¡v Fs¶ Hcn¡epw
Zm\w sN¿cpXv F¦n am{Xta Rm³ Fs¶¶pw
hncyhXnbmbn \nesImÅpIbpÅq.
hnZym{ipX\pw ta[mhnbpw A{]a¯\pw {_Ò
\njvTm\ncX\pw Bb GsXmcp hyàn D]tZie_v[n
¡mbn kao]n¡pt¼mÄ Ahs\ \ÃXpt]mse ]co£n
¨Xn\ptijta Ah\v sshjvWhamb Cu BßhnZy
\ÂImhq.
c­ma[ymbw
1. XYm ssl\w {iocmaN{µw amcpXnx
]{]ÑtIbw
hm XÕn²nx kn²ym hmInw {]tbmP\anXn
ktlmhmN {iocmax ]pcpjky
IÀ¯rXz t`màrXz
kpJZpxJmZne£WÝn¯ [À½x
t¢icq]XzmZv
_tÔm `hXn X¶ntcm[\w Poh³apànx
D]m[nhn\nÀ½pàLSmImihXv
{]mc_v [£bm
ZzntZlapànx Poh³ apàn hntZl
aptàmcjv tSm
¯citXm]\njZx {]amWw
IÀ¯rXzmZnZpxJ
\nhr¯nZmcm \nXym\µmhm]vXn
{]tbmP\w `hXn
XXv]pcpi{]bXv \km²yw `hXn
bYm]p{XImta
 685
I jvSn\m ]p{Xw hmWnPymZn\mhn¯w
tPymXn jvtSmta\
kzÀ¤w XYm ]pcpj{]bXv\ km²y
thZm´ {ih
WmZn P\nXkam[n\m Poh³apàymZn
emt`m `hXn
kÀhhmk\m£bm¯Ãm`x
l\pam³ {iocmaN{µt\mSp tNmZn¨p. `Khmt\,
Poh³apàn F¶m F´mWv? hntZlapàn F´m?
AXn\p {]amWw F´mWv? F§s\bmWv AhbpsS
kn²n D­mIp¶Xv? B kn²nsIm­pÅ {]tbmP
\sa´v?
{iocma³ ]dªpþ ]pcpjsâ IÀ¯rIXzt`màrXz
kpJZpxJmZncq]amb Nn¯[À½w t¢icq]ambXn\mÂ
AXp _ÔamIp¶p. AXnsâ \ntcm[amWv Poh³apàn.
D]m[n hn\nÀ½pàamb LSmImiw t]mse {]mc_v[
£b¯mep­mIp¶XmWv hntZlapàn. Pohapàn¡pw
hntZlapàn¡pw {]amWw \qän F«v D]\nj¯pIÄ
IÀ¯rXzmZnZpxJ\nhr¯n aptJ\ e`n¡p¶ \nXym\µ
{]m]vXnbmWv {]tbmP\w. AXv ]pcpj{]bXv\XXmÂ
t\SWw. ]p{XImtajvSnsIm­v ]p{X\pw hmWnPy¯mÂ
hn¯hpw PmXjv tSmaw F¶ bmK¯m kzÀ¤hpw
ssIhcp¶Xpt]mse ]pcpj{]bXv\ km²yamIp¶
thZm´ {ihWmZnIfm e`n¡p¶ km[nbm Poh³
apàn XpS§nbh km²n¡p¶p. kÀhhn[amb hmk\
Ifpw £bn¨Xn\ptijw am{Xsa Ah kpkm[yamhp
IbpÅp.
A{X tÇmIm `hXnþ
1. DÑmkv{Xwimkv{XnXw tNXn ]ucpjw
Zznhn[w aXw
Xt{XmÑmkv{Xa\À°mb ]camÀ°mb
imkv{XnXw
imkv{XewL\w imkv{Xm\pkmcnbmb {]hÀ¯\w
F¶v ]ucpjw sIm­v (]pcpj{]bXv\w) c­v hn[ap­v.
A hbn imk v { XewL\w A\À°{]m]v X n¡pw
imkv{Xm\pkmcnbmb {]hÀ¯\w ]camÀ°em`¯n\pw
tlXphmIpw.
2. temImhkm\bm Pt´m imkv { Xmhmk\
bm] n N tZ l h m k \ bm] n N tZ h m k \ bm
Úm\w bYmhss¶h PmbtX.
{]mWnIÄ¡v temIhmk\sIm­pw icnbmb
Úm\w kn²n¡p¶nÃ.
3. Zznhnt[m hmk\mhyqlxip`ssÝhip`ÝXu
hmk\utL\ ipt² X{X tNZ\pkobtk
N P
XXv{ItaWmip tXss\h amaIw K
]Zmam]v\ plp
AY tNZipt`m `mhkvXzmw
tbmPbXn k¦tS
tl amcptX, hmk\m kaqlw ip`sa¶pw, Aip`
sa¶pw c­phn[ap­v . Ahbn \o hnip²hmk\
Ifm \bn¡s¸SpIbmsW¦n AXpsIm­p Xs¶
{ItaW \o Fsâ ]Zs¯ {]m]n¡pw. t\sc adn¨v Aip
`hmk\IfmemWv \o \bn¡s¸Sp¶sX¦n \o
k¦S¯nte¡mWv \bn¡s¸Sp¶Xv.
5. {]mà\kvXZu bXv\tPXthym `hXm It]
ip`mip`m`ymw amÀ¤m`ymw hl´o
hmk\mkcnXv
6. ]ucptjW {]bXvt\\ tbmP\obm
ipt`]Yn
Aipt`jp kamhnjvSw ipt`tjzhm
hXmctbXv
AÃtbm, amcptX A\mZnbmb Cu hmk\sb \o
{]bXv\¯m Pbnt¡Ww. ipt`jzhmhXmctbXv
AÃtbm, amcptX A\mZnbmb Cu hmk\sb \o
{]bXv\¯m Pbnt¡Ww. ip`mip`amÀ¤§fn IqSn
k©cn¨psIm­ncn¡p¶ hmk\m\Znsb ]ucpj¯mÂ
\o ip`amÀ¤¯n IqSn \bnt¡Ww. Aip`kamhn
jvSamb Cu hmk\mkaqls¯ ip`amÀ¤¯n Xs¶
AhXcn¸n¡Ww thWw.
7. Aip`m¨menXw bmXn ip`w XkvamZ]oXcXv
]ucptjW {]bXvt\\ emetb
Nn¯_meIw
hmk\ Aip`amÀ¤¯nÂ\ \n¶pw amäs¸«v ip`amÀ
¤¯nte¡v k©cn¡Ww. AXn \n¶p atäXnepw
{]thin¸n¡p¶p. Nn¯amIp¶ _mes\ ]pcpj{]
bXv\w sIm­v in£nX\m¡Ww.
8. {KmK`ymkhimZymXn bZm tX hmkt\mZbw
XZm`ymkky km^eyw hn²n XzacnaÀ±\x
AÃtbm i{XpaÀ±\, A`ymk\¯m \n\¡v
ip`amb hmk\ DZbw sN¿pt¼mÄ \nsâ A`ymkw
k^eambn F¶p \o a\Ênem¡Ww.
9. kµnKvZmbma]n `riw ip`mtah kamNc
ip`bmw hmk\mhr²u \ tZmjmb acpÕpX
tl amcptX, ip`mip`§Ä GXmsW¶pÅ kµnKv
²mkµÀ`¯nepw IqSn ip`hmk\mhr²nbn tZmjanÃ.
 686
I 10. hmk\m£b hnÚm\at\m\mi almatX
kaImew Nncm`ykvXm `h´n ^eZm aXmx
AÃtbm almatX, hmk\£bw, hnÚm\w, at\m-
\miw F¶nh hfsc¡mew H¶n¨v A`ykn¨Xn\ptijw
am{XamWv ^e{]Z§fmbn¯ocp¶Xv. C¡mcyw kÀÆk
½Xamb ImcyamWv.
11. {Xb Ghw kaw bmh¶m`ykvXmÝ
]p\x ]p\x
Xmh¶ ]Zkw{]m]vXnÀ`hXy]n kamissXx
Cu hmk\m{Xbw \nc´cw A`ykvXamImXncn¡p
t¼mÄ Imew \qäm­pIÄ sIm­p t]mepw ]ctam¶
X]Zw ssIhcp¶XÃ.
12. GssIItim \ntjhyt´ btZytX
Nnca]yew
X¶ kn²w{]bÑ´n a´mx k¦oÀ¯nXm Ch
Ch Hmtcm¶mbn«v hfsc¡mew ]cnioen¡s¸«mÂ
Xs¶bpw lrZbkv]ÀianÃmsX k¦oÀ¯\w sN¿s¸«
a{´w F¶t]mse kn²nsb {]Zm\w sN¿p¶nÃ.
13. {Xn`ntcssXÝncm`ykvssXÀlrZb {KÙtbm
ZrVmx\nxi¦tah{XpS´n_nk
tÑZmZvKpWm Ch
Ch aq¶pw Nncm`ykvX§fmbXpsIm­v, _nktÑZw
sIm­p X´p¡Ä s]m«nt¸mIp¶Xpt]mse, ZrV§
emb lrZb{KÙnIÄ i¦mclnXambn XIcm³ CSbm
Ipw.
14. P·m´ciXm`ykvXm anYym kwkmchmk\m
km Nncm`ymk tbmtK\ hn\m\
£obt´ IzNnXv
P·m´cmiXm`ykvX amb, AbYmÀ°amb B
kwkmchmk\ NncImem`ymkw CÃmsX HcnS¯pw £b
s¯ {]m]n¡p¶nÃ.
15. Xkva mXv kuay{]bXvt\\ ]ucptjW
hnthIn\m
t`mtKÑmw ZqcXkvXyàzm {Xbtah
kam{ib
tl kuay, hnthInbmb ]pcpj\v ]ucpj¯mÂ
t`mtKÑsb XyPn¨v hmk\m£bw hnÚm\w at\m
\miw F¶nhsb¯s¶ B{ibn¡Ww.
16. XkvamZzmk\bmbpàw at\m _²w
hnZpÀ_p[x
kayKzmk\bmXyàw apàanXy`o[n
btXat\m\nÀhmk\\o`mhamNcmip
almIt]
N P
AXn\m hnZzm·mÀ hmk\mbpàamb a\Êns\
K
_²sa¶pw a\Ênem¡p¶p. F¶m hmk\Isf \Ã
Xpt]mse XyPn¨n«pÅ a\Êv apàsa¶p ]dbs¸Sp¶p.
AÃtbm amcptX, \o thKw Xs¶ a\Ênsâ hmk\mc
lnXamb `mhs¯¯s¶ B{ibn¡pI.
17. kaymKmtemN\mÕXymZzmk\m {]hoenbtX
hmk\mhnetb tNXx iaambn Zo]hXv
kayIvZÀi\w kXyw F¶nhbm hmk\ \in¡p
¶p. hmk\m\mi¯m a\Êv Zo]w AWªp t]mIp
¶Xpt]mse ias¯ {]m]n¡p¶p.
18. hmk\mw kw]cyXyP abn Nn³am{Xhn{Ktl
bkvX njvTXn KXhy{Kx tkmlw k¨nXv
kpJmßIx
hmk\Isf \Ãt]mse ]cnXyPn¨v KXhy{K\mbn
Nn³am{Xhn{Kl\mb (Úm\am{Xkzcq]\mb) F¶nÂ
BcmtWm ØnXn sN¿p¶Xv Ah³ k¨nZm\\mZkzcq
]\mbn `hn¡p¶p.
19. kam[naY ImcymWn am ItcmXp ItcmXp hm
lrZtb¯mkÀthhm apà Gthm¯amibx
Cu ]Zw e`n¨Xn\ptijw kam[n{Inbbpw IÀ½
§fpw sN¿pItbm sN¿mXncn¡pItbm BImw. lrZb
¯n ian¨ kÀhm`nemj§tfmSpIqSnbh\pw D¯ami
b\pamb Ah³ apà\mbn¯s¶ `hn¡p¶p.
20. ss\jv I Àt½yW\XkymÀ°kymÀ
t°mkv Xn\
IÀ½`nx\ kkm[\mPm]m`ymw bky
\nÀhmk\w a\x
hmk\mclnX\mbncn¡p¶h\v ss\jv I À½yw
sImt­m IÀ½§sfs¡mt­m bmsXmcp {]tbmP\hp
anÃ. kam[nsImt­m P]mZnIÄ sIm­v Ah\v bmsXmcp
ImcyhpanÃ.
21. kwXyàhmk\m³au\mZrtX
\mkvXyp¯aw Zw
hmk\mclnXamb au\amWv D¯aw.
AXnt\¡mÄ t{ijvSamb thsd ]ZanÃ.
22. hmk\mlo\ at]yX N£pcmZo{µnbw kzXx
{]hÀ¯tX _lnx kzmÀt°
hmk\mam{XImcWw
hmk\mlo\amb AhØbnepw N£pcmZnIfmb
C{µnb§Ä kzm`mhnIambn _mlyamb kzhnjb§fnÂ
{]hÀ¯\ \ncX\mIpw. A h hmk\mam{XbmÂ
D­mIp¶Xv tZmjtlXp¡fÃ.
 687
I 23. AbXvt\m]\tXjz£n ZrKv{Zthyjp
bYm ]p\x
\ocmKtah ]XXn XZzXvImtcyjp [oc[nx
BbmkanÃmsX ZrjvSn¡p hnjbo`hn¨ ZrKznjb
§fn t\t{X{µnbw cmKclnXambn ]Xn¡p¶Xpt]mse
bXnhcy³ Imcy§sf A`napJoIcn¡p¶p.
24. `mhkwhnXv{]ISnXma\pcq]m N amcptX
Nn¯tkymXv] ¯yp]camwhmk\w
ap\tbmhnZpx
tl amcptX ]ZmÀ°t_m[¯m D­mIp¶Xpw
]ZmÀ° kzcq]hpw Nn¯¯nsâ DÂ]¯n¡p {][m\
tlXpambmXmWv hmk\sb¶v ap\namÀamÀ ]dbp¶p.
25. ZrVm`ymkvX]ZmÀss°I `mh\mZXn
N©ew
Nn¯w kwPmbtX P·PcmacW ImcWw
hmk\bpsS ZrVm`ykvXamb hnjb`mh\bnÂ
\n¶v AXnN©ehpw P³aPcmacW§Ä¡p ImcWhp
amb Nn¯w `hn¡p¶p.
26. hmk\mhiXx {]mWkv]µ\kvt X\
N hmk\m
{InbtX Nn¯_oPky tX\_oPm¦pc{Iax hmk\m-
thK¯n sIm­v {]mWkv]µ\hpw {]mWkv ]µ\
¯ m hmk \bpw D­ mIp¶p. C Xp c­ pamWv
Nn¯_oP¯nsâbpw, Nn¯m¦pc¯nsâbpw {Iaw.
27. tZz _otP Nn¯hr£ky {]mWkv]µ
\hmkt\
GIkvanwÝ Xtbmx £otW £n{]w tZz
A]n\iyXx
ta ]dbs¸« Nn¯amIp¶ hr£¯nsâ c­p
_oP§fmb {]mWkv]µ\w, hmk\, Chbn H¶p
£oWn¡pt¼mÄ Xs¶ thKw \in¡p¶p.
28. AwKhyhlmcXzmZv`h`mh\hÀÖ\mXv
icoc\miZÀinXzmkmZ\m \ {]hÀ¯tX
hmk\mkw]cnXymKm¨n¯w KÑXyNn¯Xm
AkwK hyhlmcw sIm­pw (AXmXv, X¶nÂ
\n¶pw hyàncnàamb kwkmc`mh\sb hÀPn¡p¶
Xnepw icocw \izcamsW¶pÅ ZÀi\¯nepw Nn¯w
{_Òabambn¸cnWan¡p¶p.
29. Ahkmk\XzÕXXw bZm \ a\ptX a\x
Aa\kvXm XtZmtZXn ]ctam]ia{]Zmamb
at\mhnebw kw`hn¡p¶p.
N P
30. AhypXv]¶a\m bmhZv `hm\Úm K
XXXv ]Zx
Kpcpimkv{ X{]amkv s sWkvX p\n˨oXw
XmhZmNmcw
\o AhypXv]¶aXnbmbpw XXv] ZÚm\clnX
\mbpw Ccn¡p¶nSt¯mfw Imew kZvKpcp imkv{X§Ä
{]amW§Ä F¶nhbm \nÀ®bn¡s¸«n«pÅ Imcy
§Ä sN¿pI.
31. XXx ]IzIjmtbW \q\w hnÚmX
hkv Xp\m
ipt`m]ykuXzbm XymtPm hmk\mtLm
\ncm[n\m
\n\¡v X¯zÚm\t_m[ap­mbm hnÚm\X-
hkvX phmIp¶ ]IzIjmb¯m ip`hmk\Isfbpw
\nZyZpxJ\nhr¯\mb \o Dt]£n¡Ww.
32. Zznhn[Ýn¯m\mtimkvXnkcqt]mcq] GhN
Poh³apàx kcq]x kymZcqt]m tZlapànKx
Nn¯\miw kcq]sa¶pw Acq]sa¶pw c­phn[
ap­v. Poh³apànbn kzcq]Nn¯\mihpw hntZl
apànbn Acq]\mihpw kw`hn¡p¶p.
33. Aky \mianZm\ow Xzw ]mht\
irWp kmZcw
Nn¯\mim`n[m\mw ln bZm tX
hnZytX ]p\x
34. ssa{XymZn`nÀ KpssWÀbpàw Poh³apà
kyX³a\x
AÃtbm amcptX, Nn¯\mis¯¸än \o k{i²w
{ihn¡pI. Poh³apàamb \nÀhnIev]kam[nbnÂ
\maam{Xamb Nn¯\miw (kcq]Nn¯\miw) D­mIp
t¼mÄ ssa{Xn XpS§nb KpW§tfmSp IqSnb B Nn¯w
im´nsb {]m]n¡p¶p. AXn kwibanÃ. Ahsâ
(Poh³apàsâ) a\Êv ]p\ÀP·clnXambn¯ocp¶p.
35. kcqt]mkuat\m\mtim Poh³
apàkyhnZytX
Acq]kvXp at\m\mtim sshtZln
apàntKm`thXv
Poh³ apà\v kcq]hpw hntZlapà\v Acq]
hpamb at\m\mi§Ä kw`hn¡p¶p.
36. kl{km¦pcimJmß^e]Ãhimen\x
Aky kwkmchr£ky at\maqeanZw
ØnXw
Bbncw A¦pc§tfmSpw imJItfmSpw ^e]Ãh§
tfmSpw IqSnb Cu kwkmchr£¯nsâ thcmWv a\Êv.
 688
I 37. k¦ev] Gh X³at\y k¦evt]m
]ita\ XXv
timjbmip bYm timjtaXn
kkwkmc]mZx
kwkmchr£w k¦ev]w am{XamsW¶p Rm³
hnNmcn¡p¶p. F§s\bmbm kwkmchr£w timjn
¸n¡phm³ Ignbptam A{]Imcw k¦evt]miaw sIm­v
\o AXns\ hfsc thKw timjn¸n¡pI.
38. D]mb GI GhmkvXn a\kx kzky \n{Ktl
a\k`ypZtbm \mtim at\m\mtim atlmZbx
Xsâ at\m\n{Kl¯n\v D]mbw H¶pam{XamIp¶p.
a\Ênsâ DZbw \mihpw a\Ênsâ a\Ênsâ \miw
atlmZbhpamIp¶p.
39. Úat\m \miat`ymXn at\mÚ
kylnirwJe
Úm\nbpsS a\Êv \in¡p¶p. F¶m AÚm\n
bpsS a\Êv _Ô\¯nepÅ irwJebmIp¶p.
40. Xmh¶oinh thXmfhevKXn lrZn hmk\x
GIX¯zZrVm`ymkmZymh¶ hnPnXw a\x
[ym\w, [mcW F¶nhIfm {_ÒXz¯nsâ ZrV
amb A`ymkw F{Xt¯mfw Imew cm{Xnbn thXmf
§Ä F¶t]mse lrZb¯n hmk\IÄ NmSn¡fn
¡p¶p.
41. {]Z£oW No¯ZÀ¸ky \oKrlo
tX{µnbZznjx
]Zvan\y Ch tlat´ £obt´
t`mKhmk\mx
Nn¯ml¦mc¯m ITn\ambn £oWn¨v C{µnb§
fmIp¶ i{Xp¡sf AS¡nbh\v t`mKhmk\IÄ
tla´Ime¯nse Xmacs¸mbvI IÄ F¶ t]mse
\in¡p¶p.
42. lkvX wlkvtX\ kw]oUy Zss´ÀZ´m³
hnNqÀ® N AwKm\ywssKx kam{Iay
PtbmZmZu kzIw a\x
ssIIfn sRcn¨pw, ]ÃpIfm ]ÃpIsf s]mSn
¨pw AwK§fm AwK§sf B{Ian¨pw BZyw kzIo
bamb a\Êns\ Pbnt¡­Xm
43. D]hntiym]hniyImw Nn´tI\
aplpÀ½plpx
\ iIytX at\m tPXpw hn\m
bpàna\nµnXmw
Nn´I\v Hä Ccp¸n Ccp¶v ho­pw ho­pw A\n
N P
µnXamb bpànsbAhew_n¡msX a\Êns\ Pbn¡p
K
hm³ km²yaÃ.
44. A¦pti\ hn\m at¯m bYm ZpjvSaXwKPx
A²ymßhnZym[nKax {]mWkv]µ\ntcm[\w
45. hmk\mkw]cnXymKx {]mWkv]µ\ntcm[\w
GXmkvXm bpàbx ]pjvSm k´n
Nn¯PtbIne
aZbm\sb \nb{´n¡phm³ A¦piw A{]Imcw a\
Êns\ Pbn¡phm³ A²ymßt_m[w kÖ\ kwkÀ¤w
hmk\m]cnXymKw {]mWkv]µ\\ntcm[w F¶o k¼p
jvS§fmb bpànIÄ A]cnXymP§fmWv.
46. kXnjvT bpàntjXmkp ]nTm¶nba´nsb
tNXtkm Zo]apÕrPhnNn\zXtamRvP ss\x
bpànIÄ DÅ AhØbn _eambn a\Êns\
\nba\w sN¿m³ Xp\nbp¶hÀ Zo]s¯ Dt]£n¨-
tijw AÚm\wsIm­v Ccp«ns\ At\zjn¡p¶
hcmWv.
47. hnaqVmx IÀ¯papZypàm tblTm¨
Xtkm Pbw
tX \n_²v\´n \mtK{µap³a¯w
_nkX´p`nx
_em¡mtcW at\mPb¯\pZypàcmIp¶
aqV·mÀ Xmachfbw sIm­v aZbm\sb _Ôn¡phm³
{ian¡pIbmWv.
48. tZz _otP Nn¯hr£ky hr¯nhrXXn
[mcnWx
GIw {]m]cnkv] tµm ZznXobw ZrV`mh\m
hr¯nIfmIp¶ eXIsf [cn¡p¶ Nn¯amIp¶
hr£¯nsâ hn¯pIÄ c­mIp¶p. H¶v {]mW]cnkv]
µ\hpw c­mat¯Xv ZrV`mh\bpamIp¶p.
49. kkmlnkÀhKXmkwhnXv {]mWkv]tµ\
NmeytX
Nnss¯Im{KymZytXm Úm\apàw
kap]PmbtX
kÀhKXambncn¡p¶ Nn¯w {]mWkv]µ\¯mÂ
Nen¡p¶p. {]mWmbma¯m Nn¯Ne\im´nbpw
Nn¯¯nsâ GIm{KX sIm­v {_ÒÚm\hpw e`n
¡p¶p.
50. XÕm[\atYm [ym\w bYmhZp]cniytX
hn\m]yhnIrXnw IrÕ\mwkw`h
XyXyb{IamXv
]cninjvSw N Nn³am{Xw NnZm\µw hnNn´b
 689
I XpSÀ¶v km[Iambncn¡p¶ [ym\s¯ Rm³ D]tZ
in¨p Xcmw. kakvXhnImc§sfbpw krjvSn¡p hn]coX
amb {Ia¯n hnebn¸n¨n«v Hmtcm hnImcs¯bpw AX
Xnsâ A[nIcW¯n hnebn¸n¡Ww Ahkm\w
]cntijn¡p¶ Nn³am{Xhpw NnZm\µhpambX¯zs¯
[ym\n¡pI.
51. A]mt\kv XwKtX {]mtWmbmh¶m`yp
ZntXmlrZn
XmhÕm Ipw`ImhØm
tbmKn`nÀbm\p`qbtX
]m\³ Akv X an¡pIbpw lrZbmImi¯ nÂ
{]mW³ DZbw sN¿mXncn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶ AhØ
bmWv Ipw`ImhØ. tbmKnIfn CXv D­mIp¶p.
52. _lnckvXwKtX {]mtW bmh¶m
]m\ DZvKXx
XmhXv]qÀ®mw kamhØmw _lnjvTw
Ipw`Iw hnZpx
_mlymImi¯n AXmbXv \mknIbv¡p shfnbn
embn ZzmZimwKpe]cnanXamb BImi¯n {]mW³
AkvXan¡pIbpw A]m\³ DZbw sN¿mXncn¡pIbpw
sN¿p¶ ]qÀ®amb kamhØ _mlyIpw`Iw F¶dnb
s¸Sp¶p.
53. {_ÒImcat\mhr¯n{]hmtlmlw
IrXnwhn\m
kw{]ÚmXkam[nxkym²ym\m`ymk
{]IÀjXx
A\À¤famb {_Ò[y\m\¯nepÅ Al¦mc cln
Xamb {_ÒmImcat\mhr¯n{]hmls¯ kw{]ÚmX
kam[n F¶p ]dbp¶p.
54. {]im´hr¯nIw Nn¯w ]cam\µZmbIw
Akw{]ÚmX\mambw kam[nÀ
tbmKn\mw {]nbx
{]im´amb hr¯nIfpÅXpw ]cam\µkµmbI
hpamb Nn¯w Xs¶bmWv tbmKnIÄ¡p {]nbamb Akw
{]ÚmXkam[n
55. {]`miq\yw a\xiq\yw _p²niq\yw
NnZmßIw
AXZvh ymhr¯ncqt]mku
kam[nÀap\n`mhnXx
{]`miq\yhpw a\xiq\yhpw _p²niq\yhpw
(AhØm{XbclnXw) NnZmßIhpamWv ap\namcmev `mhn
Xamb kn²nbmWv AXZvhymhr¯n.
N P
DuÀ²z]qÀ®hpw A[x]qÀ®hpw a[y]qÀ®hpw K
kÀh]cntÑZclnXhpw inhmßIhpw km£mXv thtZm
àhpamb ]caÀ²nImkam[n CXp Xs¶bmIp¶p.
57. ZrV`mh\bmXyIX ]qÀhm]chnNmcWw
bZmZm\w ]ZmÀ°ky hmk\m km {]IoÀ¯n CXv
D­v F¶ Dd¨`mh\bm ]qÀhm]chnNmc clnXamb
hkvXp{KlWamWv hmk\.
58. `mhnXw Xo{hkwthKmZmß\m b¯tZh kx
`hXymip I]nt{ijvT hnKtXXchmk\x
tl I]nt{ijvT Xo{hamb kwthK¯m GsXm
¶mtWm Bßmhn D­mIp¶Xv AXp Xs¶bmWv hnK
tXXchmk\\mb Ah³.
59. XmZr{Kqt]m ln ]pcptjm hmk\mhnh
ioIrXx
kw]iyXn ssZsshXXv
kZzkvXnhnXnhnaplyXn
A Ú m\ \ncmk w k w`hn¨h\msW¦nepw
]pcpj³ hmk\bm ]chi\mbn Ft¸mgmtWm CXv
kzkv Xp F¶\p ImWp¶Xv At¸mÄ Ah³ hntamln
bmIp¶p.
60. hmk\mthKsshNNnXymXv kzcq]w
\PlmXnXXv
{`m´w ]iyXn X±rjvSnx kÀhw aZhimZnh
]ehn[¯nepÅ hmk\mhntij¯m kzcq]
s¯ Dt]£n¡p¶XpsIm­v Ahsâ ZrjvSn aZ¯mÂ
F¶t]mse FÃmw {`amßIambn ImWp¶p.
61. hmk\m Zznhn[m t{]màm ip²m N
aen\m XYm
aen\m P³atlXpx kymXv ip²m
P· hn\min\o
hmk\ aen\sa¶pw ip²sa¶pw c­p hn[ap­v.
aen\hmk\ P³atlXphpw ip²hmk\ P·hn\mi
IhpamIp¶p.
62. AÚm\kpLm\mIImc L\mlwImc
imen\n
]p\ÀÖ·Ico t{]màm aen\m hmk\m
_pss[x
]p\ÀÖ·m¦pcw Xyàzm ØnXnx
kw`rjvS _oPhXv
aen\hmk\ ARvP m\n_²hpw L\mlwImc
imen\nbpw ]p\ÀP·ImcnWnbpw BsW¶v hnZzm·mÀ
]dªncn¡p¶p. hdp¯ amhnsâ ØnXnbmWv ip²hm
k\bv¡pÅXv.
 690
I 63. _lpimkv{XIYmIÙmtcmatÙ\
hrssYh
Inw? At\zjvN hpw {]bXvt\\
amcptX tPyXn cm´cw
{]tbmP\anÃm¯ At\Iw imkv{X§fpw ]pcmW
§fpw ]Tn¨XpsImt­m XpSscbpÅ k¶ymk thj[m
cWw sImt­m F´mWv {]tbmP\w? tl amcptX, {ia
¯m A´ÀtPymXnÊns\bmWv t\zjnt¡­Xv.
64. ZÀi\mZÀit\ lnXzm kzbw tIhecq]Xx
b BkvtX I]nimÀ±qe {_Ò k
{_ÒhnXv kzbw
ZÀi\mZÀi\w þ AXmbXv A²ymtcm]hmZ§Ä
shSnªv tIhew Bßkzcq]\mbn hÀ¯n¡p¶h³
{_Òhn¯mbb {_Òw Xs¶bmIp¶p.
65. A[oXy NXptcm thZm³ kÀhimkv{Xm
Wyt\Iix
{_ÒX¯zw \ Pm\mXn ZÀho
]mIckw bYm
]camÀ°w Adnbm¯hÀ \mepthZ§fpw kÀh
imkv{X§fpw ]eXhW A²yb\w sNbvXmepw Xhn
F{]Imcw ]mIcks¯ Adnbp¶nÃtbm A{]Imcw
{_ÒX¯zs¯ AdnbpIbnÃ.
66. kztZlmipNnKtÔ\ \ hnctPyX bx ]pam³
hncmKImcWw Xky Ina\yp]ZniytX
kz´w icoc¯nsâ Aip²oKÔ¯m Bicoc
t¯mSv hncànbp­mIm¯ ]pcpj\v thsd sshcmKy
XImcW§Ä F´p]tZin¡pw.
67. AXy´aent\m tZtlm tZlo
NmXy´\nÀ½ex
D`tbmc´cw ÚmXzm Iky iuNw
hn[obtX
tZlw AXy´w aen\hpw tZln AXy´w \nÀ½e
hpamIp¶p. ChbpsS A´cw a\Ênem¡nbn«v GXn\m
Wp ipNnXzw hn[nt¡­sX¶v Nn´n¡pI.
68. _t²m lnhmk\m_t²m tam£x
kymZzmk\m
£bx hmk\mwkw]cnXyPytam£mÀ
°nXza]nXyP
hmk\m_²\mWv _²³. hmk\m£bw Xns¶
bmWv tam£w. hmk\Isf ]cnXyPn¨v \o Xs¶ B\µ
aqÀ¯nbmbn tam£mÀ°nXzt¯bpw Dt]£n¡pI.
N P
69. am\koÀhmk\mx ]qÀhw Xzàm K
hnjbhmk\mx
ssa{XymZnhmk\m\mav \ oÀKrlmWmþ
aehmk\x
\o BZyambn am\knIamb hnjbhmk\Isf shSn
ªv Aaehmk\Ifmb ssa{XymZn kZzmk\Isf {Kln
¡pI.
70. Xm A]yXx ]cnXyP Xm`nÀhyhlc¶]n
A´x im´x \akvt\tlm `h
Nn³am{Xhm\x
Ahbn hyhlcn¡p¶h\msW¦nepw A\´cw
Ahtbbpw ]cnXyPn¨v B´cambn ian¨ kÀhm`nem-
j§tfmSpIqSnbh\mbpw Nn³am{Xhmk\tbmSpIqSnb
h\mbpw `hn¡pI.
71. Xma]yY ]cnXyPy at\m_p²n ka\znXmw
tijØnc kam[mt\m abn Xzw `h amcptX
AÃtbm l\pamt\, a\Êv , _p²n ChtbmSp
tNÀ¶ AXns\bpw ]cnXyPn¨v \o _m¡n hnjb§
fnepw F¶n [ym\\njvT \mbpw `ànbpà\mbpw
XocpI.
72. Ai_vZakv] Àiacq] ahybw
XYm ckw \nXyaKÔh¨ bXv
A\matKm{Xw aa cq]aoZriw
` Pkz \nXyw ]h\mßPmÀ¯nl³
i_vZclnXhpw kv]ÀiclnXhpw Acq]hpw Ahy
bhpw cklo\hpw Fs¶¶pw KÔclnXhpw \matam
tKm{Xtam CÃm¯ cq]s¯ \nXyhpw `Pn¡pI.
73. Zrin kzcq]w KKt\m]aw ]cw
kIrZzn`mXw hPtaI a£cw
Ate]Iw kÀhKXw bZZzbw
XthZ Nmlw kIew hnapànZw
Fsâ kzcq]amIs« [ym\n¡p¶hÀ¡v I®nÂ
BImiw t]mse A]cnanXambn ImWs¸Sp¶pw {]`mab
hpw GIhpw \milo\hpw \nÀtÃ]hpw kÀhKXhpw
AZzbhpw Bbn {]Xy£s¸Sp. tam£ZmbIamb B
]c{_lvaw Xs¶bmWv Rm³.
74. ZrinkvXp ipt²m lahn{InbmßtIm
\tam kvXn IÝnZznjbx kz`mhXx
]pckvXnctÝmÀ[za[Ý kÀhXx
kp]qÀW `qaml anXol `mhb
Rm³ ip²\pw Ahn{InbmßI\pamWv. F\n¡v
kz`mhmXv {]tXyI hnjbsam¶panÃ. ap¼nepw ]pdIn
 691
I epw kÀh`mK¯pw Rm³ k¼qÀ®amb `qamthmSv IqSnb
hs\¶v a\Ênem¡pI.
75. AtPm acssÝh XYm PtcmarXx
kzbw {]`x kÀhKtXm lahybx
\ ImcWw ImcyaXoXy\nÀ½ex
kssZh Xr]vtXm l anXol `mhb
Rm³ P\\anÃm¯h\pw acWanÃm¯h\pw Pcbn
Ãm¯h\pw arXnbnÃm¯h\pw kzbw {]\pw kÀhKX
\pw BWv. ImcWs¯bpw Imcys¯bpw AXn{Ian¨pÅ
h\mWv Rm³. Rm³ kZm Xr]vX\mIp¶p. A¡mcyhpw
HmÀ¯p sImÅpI.
76. Poh·pà]Zw Xyàzm kztZtl
ImekmXvI rtX
hniXytZlapàXzw ]ht\mkv]µXmanh
Pohapàsâ ]Zw ssIhn«v kztZlw ImehiamIp
t¼mÄ Imäv kv]µlo\Xsb¶t]mse Bßmhn\v AtZ
lapàXzw ssIhcp¶p.
XtZkZrNmhypàw XZznjvt Wmx ]caw ]Zw
1 apZvK-tem-]-\n-j¯v
im´n]mTw
Hmw hmMvta a\kn {]XnjvT nXm at\m ta
hmNn {]Xnjv T nXamhncmhnÀa G[n thZky a
B W o Ø mx {i p X w ta am{] l mk o
Xt\\m[otX\m tlmcm {XmXv kwZ[manEXw
h Z nj y man k X y w h Z nj y man. X · m ah X p
XZzàmcahXp. AhXpamw AhXphàmcw Hmw.
im´nx im´nx im´nx
Fsâ hm¡v a\Ên Øncambncn¡s«. Fsâ
a\Êv hm¡n ØncamIs«. kzbw {]Imimßmth,
A§v Fsâ ap¶n {]Xy£amIWta. AÃtbm at\mhm
WnIsf, \n§Ä Fsâ thZÚm\¯n\m[mcamWv.
AXn\m Fsâ thZm`ymks¯ \in¸n¡cpXv. Cu
thZm[yb\w sIm­mWv Rm³ cmhpw ]Iepw Pohn¨p
sIm­ncn¡p¶Xv. Rm³ am\knIambpw hmNnIambpw
N P
kZm]iym´n kqcbx Znhnh N£pcmXXw II K
XZzn{]mtkm hn]\zthm PmKrhmwkx
kanÔtX II
hnjvtWmcyXv ]caw ]Zw II kXyanXyp]\njXv II
B Imcyw E¡n\mepw ]dbs¸«n«p­v. B hnjvWp
hnsâ ]caamb ]Zs¯ Úm\nIÄ kZm ImWp¶p.
tZymhnse¶ t]mse kaambnImWp¶Xpw GIhpw al
¯pamb B ssNX\ys¯ t_m[apÅhÀ Is­¯p¶p.
CXv kXyamIp¶p.
]q˨aZx ]q˨anZw
]q˨mXv ]q˨apZNyptX
]q˨ky ]q˨amZmb
]q˨tahmhinjytX
(B ]c{_Òw ]qÀ®amWv. Cu kwkmchpw ]qÀ®w
Xs¶ ]qÀ®amb {_Ò¯n \n¶v ]qÀ®Xzw Xpfp¼p¶
kwkmchpw {]hÀ¯\\ncX\mIp¶p. kap{Z¯n \n¶v
F{X shÅw tImcnsbSp¯mepw AXnse shÅw
AXpt]mse \n¡p¶Xpt]mse {_Òhpw F¶pw
]qÀ®ambn Ahtijn¡p¶p. Hmw XXv kXv).
3
kXyw ]dbpw kXyw Fs¶ c£n¡s«. hàmhns\
c£n¡s«. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
{]YaJWvU w
1. Hmw ]pcpj kqàmÀ° \nÀ®bw hymJym
kymax]pcpjkwlnXmbmw ]pcpj kqàmÀ°x
kw{KtlW t{]mNytX. kl{k ioÀtjXy{ck
i_vt Zm\´ hmNIx A\´tbmP\w {]ml Zimw
Kpe hN\kvX Ym.
]pcpj kqà¯m ]dbs¸«n«pff A À°
\nÀ®bw Nn´n¡mw. ]pcpjkwlnXbm AXv C§s\
Npcp¡n hymJym\n¨ncn¡p¶p. "klt{k i_vZ¯nsâ
AÀ°w A\´w F¶mWv A\´tbmP\sa¶ AÀ°
s¯ Ipdn¡p¶p. ZimwKpew F¶ ]Zhpw A\´mÀ
°IamWv.
 692
I 2. Xky {]Yabm hnjvtWmx tZi tXm hym]vXn
cocnXmx ZznXob bm Nmky hnjvtWmx ImetXm
hym]vXncpNytX
]pcpj kqà¯nse BZys¯ a{´¯m `Khm³
hnjvWpkÀhtZi hym]nbmsW¶pw ZznXob a{´¯mÂ
At±lw kÀhImehym]nbmsW¶pw ]dbs¸«p.
3. hnjvtWmÀ tam£ {]ZXzw N IYnXw
Xp XrXobbm
GXmhm\ky alnam, F¶Xn\m lcnbpsS
ssh`hw hÀ®n¨p.
4. GtXss\h N at{´W NXpÀhyqtlm
hn`mjnXx
{Xn]mZnXy\bm t{]màa\ncp²ky ssh`hw.
Cu aq¶p a{´§fn IqSnbpw NXpÀ hyqlhpambn
_Ôs¸«ncn¡p¶ `KhXv kzcq]w hÀ®n¨p. "{Xn]mZ'
¯m NXpÀ hyql¯nse A\ncp²aqÀ¯nbpsS
ssh`hw ]dªp.
5. XkvamZzncmUnXy\bm ]mZ\mcmbWm²tcx
{]IrtXx ]pcpjkym]n kapXv]¯nx
{]ZÀinXm
""XkvamZv hncmSv' F¶Xn\m ]mZ hn`qXncq]amb
\mcmbW\n \n¶pw {]IrXnbpw ]pcpj\pw DZv` hn¨
Xmbn {]Xn]mZn¨ncn¡p¶p.
6. bXv ]pcptjtWXy\bm krjvS nbÚx
kaocnXx
k]vXmkymk³ ]cn[bx kan[Ý kaocnXmx
"bXv ]pcptjW' F¶Xn\m krjvSnbmIp¶
bÚ¯¸än ]dªXn\ptijw "k]v X mkymk³'
F¶Xn\m krj v S nbÚ¯n\pff kan¯ pIÄ
hÀ®n¡p¶p.
7. "Xw bÚmanXn' at{´W krjvSn
bPvRx kaocnXx
At\ss\h N at{´W tam£m Ý
kapZocnXmx
""Xw bÚ'' sa¶ a{´¯m Cu krjv Snsb
Ú¯nsâbpw ]pjvS nsb¸änbpw apànsb¸änbpw
{]Xn]mZn¨p.
8. ""AkvamZnXn'' N at{´W PKXv krjvSnx
kaocnXm
""thZmlanXn'' a{´m`ymw ssh`hw
IYnXw ltcx
""XkvamZnXn'' F¶ a{´¯m k]vX a{´§Ähsc
N P
K
bpff hnizkrjvSnsb¸än {]Xn]mZn¨p. ""thZmlw'' F¶
Xn\m lcnbpsS ssh`hw ]dbs¸«p.
9. btÚt\Xyp]kwlmcx krjv tSÀtam£ky
tNcnXxb GhtaXZv Pm\mXn kln
aptàm `thZnXn.
""btÚ\'' F¶ a{´¯m krjvSnsb¸änbpw
apànsb¸änbpw D]kwlmc cq]¯n hÀ®n¨ncn
¡p¶p. C§s\ ]pcpj kqàs¯¸än Adnªn«p
ffh³ XoÀ¨bmbpw apà\mIp¶p.
ZznXobJWvU w
1. AY XYm apZvKtem]\njZn. ]pcpj kpàky
ssh`hw hnkvX tcW {]Xn]mZnXw hmkptZh
C{µmb `KhXv Úm\ap]Zniy ]p\c]n kq£va
{ihWmb {]WXmtb{µmb ]caclky`qXw
]pcpj kqàm`ymw JWvUZzbm`ymap]mZniXv.
apZvKtem]\nj¯n ]pcpj kqàssh`hs¯
¸än khnkvXmcw {]Xn]mZn¨n«p­v. B kq£va PvRm\w
e`n¡Wsa¶pff B{Klt¯msS hn\b]qÀhw h¶
tZth{µ\v `Khm³ hmkptZh³ c­p JWvU§fnembn
]pcpjkqàw D]tZin¨p.
2. Zzu JWvUmhpw tNymtXtbm b apàx k
] p c p tj m \ m \ m c q] Ú m\ m tK mN c w
kwkmcnWmaXn ZpÀtÚbw hnjbw hnlmb
t¢imZn`nx kw¢njvS tZhmZn PnloÀjbm kl{k
Iemhbh IeymWw ZrjvSamt{XW tam£Zm
thjamZtZ tX\ thjW `qaym`ntemIw hym]y
A\´tbmP\ aXyXnjvTXv.
]pcpj kqà¯n c­p JWvU§fp­v AhbnÂ
hÀ®n¡s¸Sp¶ ]pcpj³ \maw, cq]w, Úm\w F¶n
hbn \ns¶Ãmw apà\mbXn\m kwkmcmZnIÄ¡v
ZpÀtÚb\mWv. AXn\m B ]pcpj³ {]]©¯nse
PohnIÄ¡v th­n Xsâ ZpÀtÚbamb B cq]ap
t]£n¨v ZpxJmZnIfns]«pgep¶ tZhmZnIfpsS \·I
cpXn A\´ Iembpàamb cq]w [cn¨p. B cq]w
ZÀi\am{Xbn tam£w \ÂIp¶p. AtX cq]¯nÂ
At±lw temI¯nemsI hym]n¨ncn¡p¶p.
3. ]pcptjm \mcmbtWm `qXw `hyw `hnjy¨m
koXv k Gh kÀthjmw tam£
ZÝmkoXv k
N kÀhkvam³ alnavt\m Pymbm³ Xkvam¶
tIm]n Pymbm³.
hniz krjvSn¡p ap¼v {XnImemßI\mb \mcmb
W³ am{Xta kz kzcq]¯n D­mbncp¶pffq. At±lw
 693
I alnamXni\mWv. kÀh PohnIÄ¡pw tam£Z\mWv.
At±l¯n Ihnªv BcpanÃ.
4. alm ]pcpj Bßm\m NXpÀ[m IrXzm {Xn]m
tZ\ ]cta thymav\nNmkoXv. CXtcW
NXpÀt°\ A\ncp² \mcmbtW\
hnizm\ymk³.
B almßmhv kzbw \mep cq]¯n BhnÀ`hn¨p.
Ahbn aq¶wi§tfmSp IqSn ]ca thyma¯n hkn¨p.
NXpÀ°mwiw A\ncp²\mcmbW³ F¶ t]cnÂ
Adnbs¸Sp¶p. B \mcmbW³ Xs¶bmWv {]]©w
krjvSn¨Xv.
5. k N ]mZ \mcmbtW, PKXv {kjvSw {]Ir
Xna P\bXv. k kar²Imbx k³ krjvS nIÀ½
\ PÚnhm³. k kar²Imbx k³ krjvS n
IÀ½ \PPv R nhm³. tkm \ncp² \mcmbW
kvXkvs sa krjvSnap]mZniXv. {_ÒwkvXth{µn
bmWn bmPIm\n [ymXzm tImi `qXw ZrVw
{KÙn Itfhcw lhnÀ [ymXzm ic`qXpw ckw
[ymssXzháu lpXzm AwKkv]ÀimXv Itfh
tcm h{Pw lojytX. XXx kzImcym³ kÀh
{]mWn Pohm³ krjv S ]m]izm[ymx {]mZpÀ
`hnjy´n XXx Ømhc PwKamßIw PKZv `
hnjyXn GtX\ Pohmß at\mtcymtK\ tam£
{]ImcÝ IYnXx CXy\p ktÔbwx b Caw kr-
jvSn bÚw Pm\mXn tam£{]Imcw N kÀhambp
tcXn.
NXpÀ°mwi cq]nbmb A\ncp²³ temI krjvSn
¡pth­n {]IrXnsb krjvSn¨p. {]IrXncq]amb {_Òm
hn\v icocw e`n¨n«pw krjvSnIÀ½ Úm\w t\Sm³
IgnªnÃ. At¸mÄ A\ncp²\mcmbW³ {_Òmhn\v
krjvSn{Iaw D]tZin¨p sImSp¯p. At±lw {_Òmhn
t\mSv ]dªp:þ""{_Ò³, A§v kz´w C{µnb§sf
bÚIÀ¯m¡fmbpw Iae\mf¯n \n¶pw D­mb
A§bpsS icocs¯ lhnÊmbpw Fs¶ Aánbmbpw
hk´Imes¯ BPyambpw {Kojvas¯ kan¯mbpw
icXv Imes¯ ckcq]ambpw [ym\n¨v bmKw \S¯nbmÂ
A§bpsS icocw h{Pw t]mse kpZrVambn¯ocpw.
At¸mÄ FÃm PohnIfpw D­mIpw. A§s\ Ømhc
PwKa cq]¯nepff k¼qÀ® hnizhpw ZriyamIpw
Pohmß ]camß kwtbmK¯m tam£amÀ¤hpw
D]tZin¡s¸«p. Cu krjvSn bÚs¯bpw tam£ {]Im
cs¯bpw Adnbp¶ a\pjy³ ]qÀ®mbpÊv t\Sp¶p.
Xr{Xob JWvUw
1. GtIm tZthm _lp[mhn\njvS APbam\m
_lp[mhnPmbX.
N P
bYmÀ°¯n P·mZn clnX\mb B Htc Hcp K
tZh³ Xs¶ ]e {]Imc¯n {]thin¨v At\I cq]
¯n {]ISambn.
2. XtaXaáncnXy[zcyhxD]mktX bPpcntXy
j laoZw kÀhw bp \àn. kmtaXn OtµmKmx
GXkvan³ loZw kÀhw {]XnjvTnXw. hnjanXn
kÀ¸mx kÀ¸ CXn kÀ¸ hnZx DXÀ¤nXm tZhmx
cbncnXn a\pjym amtbXy kpcmx kzt[Xn ]nXcx
tZhP\ CXn tZhP\ hnZx cq]anXn KÔÀhmx
KÔÀh CXn A]vk cx Xw bYm btYm]mkvtX
XssYh `hXn. XkvamZv {_mÒWx ]pcpj cq]w
]cw {_ÒhmlanXn `mhtbXv X{Zqt]m `hXn b
Ghw thZ.
Aán cq]¯n CXns\¯s¶bmWv A[zcyp¡Ä
D]mkn¡p¶Xv. bPpÀthZnIÄ AXns\ bPpÊv F¶p
IcpXn kÀh bÚ§fnepw \ntbmKn¡p¶p. kmaK·mÀ
CXns\ kmasa¶v IcpXp¶p. Zriy {]]©amsI \mcm
bWcq]¯n \nesImffp¶ AXns\ kÀ¸§Ä
hnjsa¶v IcpXp¶p. kÀ¸s¯ Adnbp¶h³ AXns\
A ar Xs a¶ pw a\ pj y³ [\ sa ¶p w I cp Xp ¶p .
Akpc·mÀ ambsb¶pw A]vkcÊpIÄ KÔÀhs\¶pw
D]mkI·mÀ tZhs\¶pw ]nXr¡Ä kz[m F¶pw
Nn´n¡p¶p. C§s\ CXv ]e {]Imc¯n IcpXp¶p.
F§s\ D]mkn¡pt¶m B hn[¯n ImWs¸Sp¶p.
AXn\m {_Ò Úm\n ]pcpjcq]amb ]c{_Òw Rm³
Xs¶sb¶v IcpXp¶p. A§s\ `mh\ Ahs\ AXm¡n-
¯oÀ¡p¶p. Cu clkyw Adnbp¶h\pw AtX `mhw
e`n¡p¶p.
NXpÀ° JWvUw
1. XZv {_Ò Xm]{XbmXoXw jSvtImihn\nÀ
½pàw. jUqÀ½n hÀPnXw ]©tImimXoXw
jUv `mhhnImc iq\ytah amZn kÀh hne£Ww
`hXn. Xm]{Xbw Xzm[ymßnIm [n `uXnIm[n
ssZhnIw IÀ¯r IÀ½Imcy ÚmXr PvRm\
tÚb t`màr t`mKt`mKanXn {Xnhn[w.
]c{_ÒwXm]{XbmXohpw jUtImihn\nÀapà
hpw jU qÀan hnhÀPnXhpw ]©tImimXoXhpw
jUv`mh hnIm iq\yhpw kÀh hn[¯nepw hne£Wam
Ip¶p. B[ymbßnIw, A[n`uXoIw, B[n ssZhoIw
F¶ Xm]{Xb§Ä IÀ¯rIÀ½ Imcyw Úm\ÚmXr
tÚbw t`màr t`mKt`mKyw F¶v aq¶v hn[amWv.
2. XzMv amwk timWnXmØn kv\mbp
aÖmx jSv
tImim Imat{Im[ tem`tamlaZ
amÕcy amXymZn
 694
I jSvh ¤mx A¶ab{]mWat\mab
hnPvRm\abm \µabm CXn ]©
tImimx {]nbmß
P\\ hÀ²\ ]cnWma£b\mimx
jUv `mhmx
Ai\mbm ]n]mkm timItaml Pcmacm
\oXn jUqÀ
abx IpetKm{X PmXn h˨m{iacq]mWn
jUv {`amx GXtZymtK\ ]ca ]pcptjm
Pothm `hXn, \m\y;
NÀ½w, amwkw, càw, AØn, \mUn, aÖ, Ch
Bdpw jUv tImi§Ä; Imaw t{Im[w tamlw, tem`w
aZw amÕcyw Ch i{Xp¡fmb jUv hÀ¤§Ä; {]mW
abw tat\mabw A¶abw B\µabw hnPvRm\abw Ch
A©pw ]©tImi§Ä; {]nbXzw P\\Xzw, hr²n
]cnWmaw£bw, \miw Ch Bdpw jUv `mh§Ä;
hni¸v, Zmlw, timIw, tamlw, PcarXyp Ch Bdpw
jUaqÀ¯nIÄ; PmXn, hÀ®w, B{iaw, Ipew, tKm{Xw,
cq]w C h Bdpw jU v { `a§Ä; C hbpsSsbÃmw
kwtbmK¯memWv ]ca]pcpj³ Poh\mbn¯ocp¶Xv.
aäp hn[¯neÃ.
3. b GXZp]\njZw \nXya[otX tkm án
]qtXm `hXn. khmbp ]qtXm `hXn. k BZnXy
]qtXm `hXn. AtcmKo `hXn. {ioamwÝ `hXn.
]p{X]\{XmZn`nx kart²m `hXn. {ioamwÝ
`hXn. ]p{X]\{XmZn`nx kart²m `hXn.{ioamwÝ
`hXn. ]p{X]\{XmZn`nx kart²m `hXn. hnZzmw
Ý `h Xn. e alm]mX ImXv ] qtXm `hXn.
kpcm]m\mXv ]qtXm `hXn. AKaymKa\mXv ]qtXm
`hXn. amXrKa\mXv ]qtXm `hXn. ZplnXr
kv\ pjm`n Ka\mXv ]qtXm `hXn. kz˨kvt X
bmXv ]qtXm `hXn thZn P· lm\mXv ]qtXm
`hXn. ZplnXrkv\pjm`n Ka\mXv ]qtXm `hXn.
Kptcmc{iqjWmXv ]qtXm `hXn. AbmPybm-
P\mXv ]qtXm `hXn. AZ£y `£WmXv ]qtXm
`hXn. D{K{]Xn{KlmXv ]qtXm `hXn. ]cZmcK
a\mXv ]qtXm `hXn. Imat{Im[ tem` tamtlÀ
jym Zn`nc_m[ntXm `hXn. kÀth`yx ]mt]t`ym
aptàm `hXn. Cl P·\n ]pcptjm `hXn.
F¶pw Cu D]\nj¯v hmbn¡p¶h³ Aán]q
Q
N P
X\pw hmbp]qX\pw AtcmKnbpw sFizcyhm\pw
K
]p{X]u{XmZnkar²\pw hnZzm\pw alm]m]hnapIvX\pw
aZy]m\tZmj hnapà\pw AKayKa\ ]m]hnapà\pw
amXrZplnXrkv\pjmZnKa\]m] hnapà\pw Bbn¯o
cp¶p. Kpcpip{iqj sN¿mXncn¡Â, A`£y `£Ww
]cZmcKa\w apXemb ]m]¯n \n¶v hnapIvX\mIp
¶p. Ahs\ Imat{Im[ tem` tamtlÀjymZnIÄ _m[n
¡nÃ. kÀh]m]hnapà\mbn Cu P·¯n Xs¶
]pcpj\mbn Ah³ k½m\y\mIp¶p.
4. XkvamtZXXv ]pcpj kqàmÀ°aXnclkyw
cmPKplyw tZh Kplyw KplymZ]n KplyXcw
\mZo£nXmtbm]ZntiXv; \m\qNm\mb
\mbÚ ioemb' \msshjv Whmb
\mtbmKnt\ \
_lp `mjntW \m {]nb hmZnt\
\mkw hÕc thZnt\ \mXpjvSmb
\m\[oX thZmb D]ZntiXv
Kpcpct]yhw hnXv
ipNu tZti ]pWy\£t{X {]mWm\mbay
]pcpjw [ymb¶p]k¶mb injymb Z£nW
IÀt®. ]p cpj kq{XmÀ° ap] Zn tiXv
hnZzm³ \ _lptim htZXv bmXbmtam `hXn.
AkIrXv IÀ®ap]ZntiXv. GXXv IpÀhmtWm
At[yXm A[ym]IÝ Cl P·\n ]pcptjm
`hXoXyp]\njXv.
AXpsIm­v Cu ]pcpjkqàmÀ°w cmPKplyhpw
tZhKplyhpw KplymXvKplyXchpamWv. CXnsâ AÀ
°w AXy´w clkyamWv. A`n£nX\pw A\qNm\\pw
AbÚioe\pw AsshjvWh\pw AtbmKn¡pw _lp
`mjn¡pw. A{]nbhmZn¡pw A\[oXthZ\pw CXv
DtZin¡cpXv. hnZzm\mb Kpcp hnip² Øm\¯ncp¶v
]pWy\£{X¯n {]mWmbmat¯msS ]c]pcpjs\
[ym\n¨v hn\bPnÚmkm\znX\mb injysâ heXp
sNhnbn ]pcpjkqàmÀ°a]tZin¡pI. Gsd
]dbcpXv. A§s\ sNbvXm D]tZiw ZqjnXamIpw.
sNhnbn ]eh«w ]dªp sImSp¡Ww. C§s\ D]-
tZin¨m At[yXmhpw A[ym]I\pw ]pcpj\mbn
`hn¡pw F¶v D]\nj¯v \nÀt±in¡p¶p.
apZvKtem]\nj¯v kam]n¨p.
 695
I K
1 ssass{X-b-Wyp-]-\n-j¯v 3
im´n]mTw
Hmw. B]ymb´p aamwKm\w hmIv {]mW
Ý£p t{imXmatYm_ean{µnbmWn N kÀhmWv.
kÀhw {_tÒm]\njZw amlw {_Ò \ncmIpcymw
hm\m {_Ò \ncmImtcm Z \ncmIcW akv X z
\ncmIcWw ta Akv X p XZmß\n \nctX b
D]\njXv kp [À½mkv X abn k´p. tXabn
k´p. Hmw im´n: im´n: im´n:
Hmw Fsâ AwK§Ä ]cn]pjvSn {]m]n¡s«. hm¡v
{]mW³ t\{Xw t{im{Xw F¶nhbpw C{µnb§fpw ]pjvSn
{]m]n¡s«. CXv D]\njZpàamb {_ÒamWv. Rm³
AXns\ \ncmIcn¡p¶nÃ. {_Òw Fs¶ ]cnXyPn¡m
Xncn¡s«. F\n¡pw {_Ò¯n\pw X½n At`Zyamb
_Ôw D­mIs«. {_Ò \ncX\mb F¶n D]\nj-
Zpà§fmb [À½§Ä ØnXnsN¿s«. Hmw. im´n:
im´n: im´n:
Hmw _rl{ZtYm ssh\ma cmPm cmtPy
tPyjv T w ]p{Xw \n[m]bnXzm GX aimizXw
a\ yam\mx ic ocw ss hc mKy apt]tX mcW yw
\nÀPKma. kX{X ]caw X] BØmb BZnXy
ao£amW DuÀ[z _mKpkvXnjvTt´ kl{kky
ap\nc´nIamPKmamK\ncnhm[paIkv t XPkm
\ nÀ Z l ¶ nh mß h nX v `K h m³ i mI mb\ y
D¯njvtTm¯njvT hcw hrWojzm AXn cmP\
a{_ h oX v. k X k vs s a \ a k vI r tX y m h mN
`Khm¶mlamß hn¯w XXz hnXv irWptam
hbw kXzw t\m {_qlotXyXZv {hXw ]pckvXm
ZiIyw am]rÑp {]iv \ ssa£zm XIm\ym³
Imam³ hrWotjzXn imImb\yky NcWm h`n
apiyamt\mcmtPamw KmYmw PKmZ.
Cu icocw A\nXyamsW¶ t_m[w _rl{ZY³
F¶ cmPmhn\pap­mbn. AtXmsS At±l¯n\v sshcm-
Kyw DZbw sNbvXp. X·qew cmPys¯ tPyjvT]p{Xs\
Gev]n¨v h\¯nte¡p t]mbn. AhnsS At±lw Gsd-
¡mew ITn\ X]Êp sNbvXp. kqcym`napJambn \n¶p-
sIm­v At±lw DuÀ[z_mlphmbn \nebpd¸n¨p.
Bbncw hÀjw Ignªt¸mÄ At±l¯nsâ X]Ýcy-
bpsS ^eambn BßÚm\nbmb imImb\³ F¶
ap\n At±l¯nsâ ASp¡se¯n. ]pIbnÃm¯
Aánsbt¸mse At±l¯nsâ tXPÊv {]Imin¨p.
At±lw cmPmhnt\mSv ]dªp-:þ Fgpt¶Â¡q.... Fgp
t¶Â¡q. hcw Bhiys¸SpI.
N P
cmPmhv ]dªp:þ `Khms\, Rm³ BßÚm\n-
bmsW¶v Rm³ tI«n«p­v. AXn\m F\n¡v Bß-
Úm\amIp¶ hcw XctW; AXp tI«v ap\n ]dªp:
C£zmIp hwiP\mb cmPmth, asäs´¦nepw hcw tNmZn-
¨psImÅpI. ]­p apXte hfsc hfsc ITn\sa¶p
IcpXnt¸m¶ Cu hcw tNmZn¡cpXv. CXv tI«v _rl{Z
Y³ imImb\sâ ]mZ§Ä {Kln¨p C§s\ ]dªp.
2. `Kh\\Øn NÀ½ kv \ mbp aÖm amwk
ip{I timWnX tÇjvam {ip ZpjntX hn¬ aq{Xm
hmX]n¯ I^ kwLmtX ZpÀKtÔ \nÊmtc f
kvan³ icotc Inw Imtam]t`mssK:
3. Imat{Im[ tem` `btamlhnjmtZÀ thyjvS
h ntb mK m\ nj vS k w{] bK X aX v ] n ] mk m
CcmarXyp tcmK timImss[y c`n]tX f kva n³
icotc Inw Imtam ] t`m ssKx
4. k À h w tN Z w £ bn j vW p ] i y mtam
btYtaZwiaiImZb kvI rWhXv \Ýy X tbmZv
`qX {]m[znwkn\x
5. AY In ta ssXÀ hm ]tc f t\y alm [\pÀ
[cm Ý {IhÀ¯n\: tINnXv kpZypav\: `qcnZypav\:
C {µ Z y p av\ : I p h e bmi z buh \ mi zh Z v
[nbmizmiz]Xn: ii_nµp: lcnÝ{µ Aw_co
tj ma\ qà k zmbmX n: bbmX n: A \ c W y :
Djtk\: DÀ°acp¯ `cX{]`rXtbm cmPmt\m
anjtXm _ÔphÀ¤ky alXow {Xnbw Iyàzm
AkvamXv temImXn Aapw temIw {]bm´n:
6. AY IntassXÀ hm ]tc f t\y KÔhÀ
hmkpc b£cm£k³ `qXKW ]nimtNmcK
{KlmZo\mw \ntcm[\w ]iyma:
`Khms\, Cu icocw AØm, NÀ½w, kv\mbp,
aÖ, amwkw, càw A{ip, akw , aq{Xw, hmXw, ]¯w,
I^w F¶nhtbmSp IqSnbXpw ZpÀKÔ]qcnXhpw
\nÊmchpamWv B ØnXn¡v hnjb kpJ§sfs¡m­v
Fs´mcp]tbmKw? Cu icocw Imaw t{Im[w tem`w `bw
ZpxJw CuÀjy {]nb P\hntbmKw hni¸v Zmlw
hmÀ[Iyw acWw. tcmKw timIw F¶nhbm ]oUnX
amWv . B \ne¡v hnjb kpJ§sfs¡ms­´p
{]tbmP\w? Cu kakvX PK¯pw \{iamWv. a\pjyÀ
XpS§nb kIeXpw acWaSbp¶Xv Rm³ ImWp¶p.
AXpt]mse sImXpIp XpS§nbh t]mse Gsd \mÄ
Pohn¡p¶Xn\p ap¼p N¯p t]mIp¶p. henb henb
 696
I hnÃmfnIfpw, kpZypav\³, `qcnZypav\³ CµvZypav\³ Iphe
bmizc³ [nbmiz³ Aip]Xn ii_nµp, lcnÝ{µ³
Aw_co£³ a\pjy]p{X\mb icymXn bbmXn A\c
Wy³ D£tk\³ acp¯³, `cX³ apXemb henb
henb N{IhÀ¯namÀ t]mepw X§fpsS _Ôp¡Ä
I­p sIm­ncn¡th Xs¶ Cu temI¯nse kIe
sFizcy§fpw D]tbmKn¨v ]ctemIw {]m]n¨ ØnXn¡v
ap¼v kqNn¸n¨ IoS§fpsS ØnXnsb¸än F´p
]dbm\mWv. a\pjy³ am{Xaà KÔÀh·mÀ Akpc·mÀ
b£·mÀ cm£k·mÀ `qX§Ä ]nimNp¡Ä k]y§Ä
apXembhbpw \miaSbp¶Xmbn \mw ImWp¶p.
7. AY In ta ssXÀ hm\ym\mw timjWw
almÀ hm\mw inJcnWmw {]]X\w. {[phky
{]Ne\w Øm\w hm XcpWmw \naÖ\w ]rYn
hym: Øm\m Z]kcw kpcmWmw; tkm f l
antXy hw hnt[ kvan³ kwkmtc Inw Imtam]
tZmssKÀssbtchm {inXkym kIrZnlmhÀ¯\w
ZrÝyX CXn D²À¯pw AÀlkoXy tÔm Z
] m\ t Ø m t`I C h ml ak van³ k w k mtc
`Khm³; kXzw t\m KXn kvXzw t\m KXn:
Asæn AhbpsS Imcyw t]mIs«. henb
kap{Z§Ä t]mepw hänt¸mIp¶p; ]ÀhX§Ä s]m«n¯
Icp¶p. {[ph\£{Xhpw kzØm\¯v Øncambncn¡p
¶nÃ. hr£§Ä \new ]Xn¡p¶pN `qanbpw Hcp
Øm\¯v Øncambn \n¡p¶nÃ. tZh·mÀ¡v Øm\
Ne\w D­mIp¶p. B \ne¡v Al¦mcw \ndª Cu
temI¯n hnjb kpJ§fn IpSp§n¡nS¡p¶Xp
sIm­v F´msWmcp KpWw? hnjb¯n IpSp§nbhÀ
ho­pw ho­pw P\\N{I¯n IpSp§nbhÀ ho­pw
ho­ pw P\\N{I¯ n IpSp§ p¶p. A Xn\mÂ
`Khms\, AÔIq]¯n hoW Xhfsbt¸mse Cu
temI¯n Rm\pw hoWncn¡p¶p. A§v Fs¶
D²cn¡Ww. Rm³ A§sb icWw {]m]n¡p¶p.
A§msWmcm{ibw.
c­mw {]]mTIw
1. AY `Khm³ imI mb\y : kp{]oX: kp
A{_hoXv cmPm\mwþ almcmP, _rl{ZtY
£zmIphwi [zP ioÀjmßP: IrXIrXykvXzw
acpXv\mat\Xn hn{iptXmkoXn Abw hmhJezm
ßxtXmx IXtam `Khm hÀ®w CXn Xw hmtNXn.
2. b G tjm DÑzkmhnjvSphjvSw `t\t\mÀ
[ zap X v {I mt´ m h y bamt\ m h y am\ k v\ a:
{]Wp`tXyj Btß Xyml `Khm³ ssa{Xox
C tX y h w A l w A Y b G j k w {] mk m
tZmkva ÑcocmXv kapØmb ]cw tPymXn cq]
kw]Zy tkz\ cqt]W A`n\njv ] ZyX Gj
N P
B tßXn t_mhmssNX `arXh`b taXXv . K
{_tÒXn.
]ns¶ `Khm\mb imImb\y³ Gsd {]k¶\mbn
cmPmhnt\mSv ]dªp. {_Ò{ZYalmcmPmth, A§v
C£zmIp hwiP\mb {]PioÀjcmPmhnsâ ]p{X\mWv.
acp¯v F¶ \ma¯n hnJymX\pw FÃmhn[¯nepw
IrXIrXy\pamWv. Bßmhv G§s\sb¶v Rm³
At§bv¡v ]dªpXcWw ap\n ]dªp: _mly§fmb
C{µnb§sf \ntcm[n¡pt¼mÄ Cu {]mW\mIp¶
Bßmhv tbmKw aptJ\ apIfntem«v Ibdp¶p. AXv
ZpxJmßIsa¶p tXm¶nbmepw bYmÀ°¯n ZpxJlo
\hpw AÔImc\miIhpamWv. Cu BßmhpXs¶bmWv
icoc¯n\p shfnbn h¶v ]ca tPymXn kzcq]amb
{_Òs¯ {]m]n¨p Xsâ kzcq]¯n Øncambn
ØnXnsN¿p¶Xv. Cu Bßmhv A`b cq]hpamWv.
3. AY Jezn]nbw {_ÒhnZym kÀthm]\njZv
hnZym hm cmP¶kvamIw `KhXm ssat{XtbW
hymJymXm f ltX IYbnjym ao Xy Ym]lN
] m] v am\ k vaX n tX P k . DuZ [ ztc X tk m
_meJneym CXn {ipbt´ f tX {]Pm]Xn
a{_ph³ `Kh³ iISanhm tNX\ anXrw icocw
I s s k y j J e v] o Z r ti m al namb X o {µ ob
`qXkytbss\ XZzn [anZw tNX\hXv {]XnjvTm
h nX w {] tamZ bnX m f k y t I m `K h t¶ X
`kvamIw {_qloXn Xm³ tlmhmN.
cmPmthm kakvtXm]\nj¯p¡fpw F´ns\¸än
bmtWm D]tZin¡p¶Xv B {_Òs¯¸änbpÅ
Úm\w `Khm³ ssat{Xb³ R§Ä¡v \ÂInbn«p­v.
AXns\¯s¶ Rm³ A§bv ¡v ]dªpXcmw. ]m]w
\in¨hcpw tXtPmcq]nIfpw {_ÒNmcnIfpamb ap\namÀ
{]ikvXcmWv. AhÀ Hcn¡Â {_Òmhnt\mSv tNmZn¨p.
`Khms\ Cu icocw iISXpeyamWv. B kvYnXn¡v
F´nsâ alnabnemWv GXv C{µnb¯nsâ km¶n²yw
sIm­mWv ssNX\y]¯msW¶p tXm¶p¶hn[w
{]XnjvT {]m]n¡p¶Xv? B Imcyw R§Ä¡v ]dªp
XcnI.
4. tb l Jep hmtNm ]cnØ: {ipbtX k hm
Gj ip²: ]qX: iq\y: imt´m f {]mtWm
KptWjp Ch DuÀtcXtk: f \o imßm f ¶tXm
f £¿: Ønc: imiztXmP: kzX{´ : tkzalnav\n
Xnjv T Xyt\t\`w icocw tNX\hXv {]Xnjv T m
]nXw {]tNmZbnXm ssN tjm f tkzXn IYmanXn
Xm³ tlmhmNm.
{_Òmhv ]dªp: hm¡n\XoXsa¶p ]dbs¸Sp¶
ip²hpw ]hn{Xhpw iq\yhpw im´hpw A{]amWhpw
A\´hpw Ahn\minbpw Ønchpw k\mX\hpw
P·clnXhpw kzX{´hpamb Bßmhnsâ alnabmWv
 697
I C¡mWp¶sXÃmw. AXp aptJ\bmWv icoc¯nÂ
ssNX\ykZriamb {]XnjvT In«p¶Xv . CXptI«v
_mehney·mÀ tNmZn¨p: `Khms\, Cu Bßmhv CÑm
clnXambncp¶n«pw icoc¯n ssNX\ykZriamb
{]XnjvT In«p¶Xv. CXptI«v _mehney·mÀ tNmZn¨p:-þ
`Khms\, Cu Bßmhv CÑmclnXambncp¶n«pw icoc
¯n ssNX\ycq]¯n F§s\bmWv Dd¨p \n¡p
¶Xv, CXp F´n\p t{]cW sImSp¡p¶p? F´mWv
CXnsâ alXzw {_Òmhv ]dªp.
5. k hm Gj kq£vtam f {Kmtlym AZriy:
]pcpj kwÚmtIm _p²n]qÀjan ssl hm
hÀ¯tX Awit\Xn. kp]v X tky ]m _p²n
]qÀhIw hn t_m[ GhanXn AY tbm l Jep
sshXky tkmw f tim b: tNXmam{X: {]Xn
]pcpj: t£{X Ú: k¦ev]m[nhkmbm`nam\
enwK: {]Pm]XnÀ hnizmJytÝX t\t\Zw icocw
tNX\ hXv {]Xnjv TmhnXw {]tNmZbnXm ssh-
tjm f hytkyXn. tX tlm Np: `Kh³, bZv
At\t\Zrti\m\njvT ss\ X Zzn[anZw tNX\
hXv {]XnjvT mhnXw {]tNmZbnXm sshtjm f ky
IYanXn Xm³ tlmhmtNXn.
Cu Bßmhv kq£v ahpw A{Km]yhpw AZyiyhp
amIp¶p. ]pcpjs\¶mWXnsâ t]cv Xsâ Hcwi¯mÂ
AXv ChnsS _p²n]qÀÆw {]hÀ¯n¡p¶p. Dd§p¶
hs\ DWÀ¯pI CXnsâ Hcwisas{X. kIePohnI
fnepw Pohmßmhmbn hÀ¯n¡p¶Xv AXp Xs¶. AXv
kIe icoc¯nepw t£{XÚm\cq]¯n hÀ¯n
¡p¶p. tXPÊpw k¦ev]bpàhpw AXpXs¶. {]Pm
]Xn cq]hpw kÀhZÀinbpamWXv. B ssNX\y¯memWv
icocw ktNX\mbn hÀ¯n¡p¶Xv. _meJney·mÀ
tNmZn¨p: `Khm³ Cu Bßmhv AJWvUambncp¶n«v
F§s\bmWv Awicq]¯n hÀ¯n¡p¶Xv. At¸mÄ
{_Òmhp ]dªp:þ
6. {]Pm]XnÀhm GtIm f t{K AXnjvTXv. k
\mcaX GI: k Bßm\a`n[ymXzm _lzo:
{]Pm: AkrPXv. Xm Asskyhmß {]hr¯m
A{]mWm ØmWpcnh XmjvT am\ A]iyXv k
\mc`X. tkm f a\yssXmkmw {]Xnt_m[\mbm
`y´cw {]mhnim \oXyY k hmbp anhmß\
IrXzm A`y´cw {]mhniXv k GtIm \mhniXv
k ]©[mßm\w {]hn` tPymNytX b: {]mtWm
f ]m\w kam\ DZmt\m hym\ CXn.
BZyw {]Pm]Xn am{Xta D­mbncp¶pÅp. GImIn
bmbXn\m Bt±l¯n\v kzØX e`n¨nÃ. X·qew
Bßmhns\ [ym\n¨v At±lw At\I hn[¯nepÅ
{]PIsf krjvSn¨p Xm³ krjvSn¨ PohnIÄ {]mWcln
Xsa¶pw XqWpt]mse PUsa¶pw At±l¯n\v a\Ên
N P
em¡m³ Ignªp. AXnjvSs¸SmsX Cu {]PIsf K
ktNX\am¡m³ Chbv ¡pÅn {]thin¡Wsa¶v
At±lw Xocpam\n¨p. A§s\ Nn´n¨v kzbw hmbphn
s\t¸mse Ahbn {]thin¨p A§s\ Htc {]mW³
A©mbnþ {]mW³, A]m\³, kam\³, DZm\³, hym\³.
7. AY tbm f baqÀZz apXv{ImaXotXyj hma
k {]mtWm f Y tbm f bahmMvN w kw{Ima
tXyj hmh k A]m\: AY tb\ sshXm f
\p{KlotXm tXyj hmh k hym\: AYtbmSbw
Ø hnjvtTm hm AwtK AwtK kam\ btXyj
hmh k kam\ kwÚm D¯cw hym\ky cq]w
N GtX jm a´c {]kqXn tcthmZm ky Y tbm
f bw sshj hmh k DZm\:
apIfntem«v Kan¡p¶XmWv {]mW³; Xmtgm«v
Kan¡p¶Xv A]m\³, AXy´w Øqeamb A¶s¯
KpZØ o\s¯ ¯n¡ p¶Xv k am\³; Xn¶nIbpw
IpSn¡pIbpw Xmtgm«pw apIfntem«pw t]mIpIbpw sNbvXv
icoc{]hÀ¯\w \nb{´n¡p¶Xv DZm\³, \mUnIfnÂ
\ndªncn¡p¶Xv hym\³. #nXmWv ]©hmbp¡fpsS
GItZi kz`mhw.
8. AtYm]mwipc´cytfm aap]mw iptaXtbm
c ´ c m tZ h uj vW y w {] m k h Z y Z u j W y w
k ] p c p tj m Y b: ] p c p j : tk m A á nÀ
sshÝzm\tcm ]y \y{X A]n AbpàaánÀ
sshizm\tcm tbmba´: ]pcptjm tbt\ Za¶w
]NytX bZnZaZytX XsskyjtLmjm `hXn
btZ X X v I À ® m h ] n[ zm b i r tW m X n k
btZ m X v{I anj y ³ `h X n s s \ \ w t L mj w
irtWmXn.
DjvWXm ]pcpj³ F¶p ]dbp¶Xv kao]¯nÂ
A´cymanbmIpw Hcp bma¯n\pÅn FcnªS§p
¶Xpw A§s\ c­n\pw at[y DjvW amk§fnep
­mIp¶ Djv WamWv. AXpXs¶ sshizm\cs\¶
Aán. A§s\ DÅn hkn¡p¶ ]pcpj\mWv sshizm
\cmánsb¶pw AXpXs¶bmWv `£n¡s¸Sp¶ A¶w
Zln¸n¡p¶sX¶pw AdnbpI. AXnsâ i_vZw Xs¶
bmWv AI¯v tIÄ¡s¸Sp¶Xv. ImXS¨m tIÄ¡p¶
i_v Z w A Xp Xs¶ icoc¯ n \n¶v {]mW³
hn«I¶m Cu i_vZw tIÄ¡nÃ.
9. k hm Gj ]©[m f ßm\w {]hn`Py
\nlntXm Kplmbmw at\m ab: BImimtßXn,
k hm Gtjm f kva Xv lrZ´cmXv AIrXmÀ
t°m f a\y Xm°m\iv\ mKmXn; AX: Jm\o
am\n`ntXzmZnX: ]Rvaociva n`nÀ hnibm\¯oXn
_p²o{µnbmWn bm\n Camt\yXm\yky civab:
IÀt½{µnbmWyky lbm cY icocw at\m\nb-
´m {]IrXnatbm f ky {]tXmtZt\\ Jep
 698
I Cuc nX: ]cn{`aXoZw ic ocw N{Ianh arXv
]Nt\`w icocw tNX\hXv {]Xnjv T m]nXw
t{]mZbnXm sshtjm ]y tkyXn.
{]Pm]XnbmIp¶ Bßmhv kzbw A©mbn hn`Pn¨v
lrZbKplbn Øncambn hkn¡p¶p. Cu Bßmhp
Xs¶ at\mcq]¯nepw {]mWcq]¯nepw aät\Iw
cq]§fnepw kXyk¦ev] bpàamWv. C§s\ lrZb
¯n Ignªv AXv Xms\ AIrXmÀ°s\¶v Nn´n
¡p¶p. kzbw IrXÀ°\mIm³ Xsâ A©p Zzmc§Ä
]t©{µnb§fmbn. ]t©{µnb§Ä ISnªmWpw IÀt½
{µnb§Ä IpXncIfpamIp¶p. icocw cYw a\Êv kmcYn
kz`mhw N«bmWv. Cu Nm«bm t{]cn¸n¡s¸Spt¼mÄ
icocw N{I¯nte¡v t{]cnXamIp¶p. F¶m acWm\-
´cw AXv tNX\mbpàamIp¶nÃ. C§s\ Bßmhp
Xs¶ icoc¯n\v t{]cW \ÂIp¶p.
10. k hm Gj Bß thmi´n Ihb: knXm
k ns s X : I À ½^ s s e c \ `n`qX C h {] X n
icotcjp NcXn Ahyà XzmXv, ku£va yXv
AZriyXzmXv A{Kmly XzmXv , \nÀ½e XzmXv,
A\htØm kvXn IÀ¯mIÀss¯ hmhØ k
hm Gj ip²: Øntcm ANe Ýtem ]yhyt{Km
\nkv]rl: t{]£IhZhØnX: kzØÝ EX`pKv
KpW htb\ ]tS\mßm\a´À [mb AhØn
tXm CXyhØnX CXn.
Bßmhv icoc¯n\v hiwhZambn t]mbncn¡p¶p
sh¶pw ip`mip`IÀ½§fpsS ^eambn _²\mbncn¡p
¶psh¶pw. AXv \an¯w `n¶`n¶icoc§fn k©cn
¨psIm­ncn¡pIbmsW¶pw tXm¶nt¸mIpw. F¶mÂ
bY m À° ¯ n A Xv A hyà hpw k q£ v a a hpw
A{Klyhpa ½XmclnXhpw BsW¶v a\Ênem¡m³
Ignbpw AXv kÀhmØmclnXamWv. AXn IÀ¯r
Xzansænepw AXv IÀ¯mhmsW\v tXm¶nt¸mIp¶p.
Bßmhv ip²hpw Ønchpw ANehpw Bkàn
clnXhpw CÑmclnXhpw Zrjv Ssa¶hn[w kzIÀ½
^ea\p`hn¡p¶Xmbn tXm¶s¸Sp¶XpamIp¶p.
am{Xaà AXv kzcq]s¯ {XnKpWmßI hkv{Xw aptJ\
BhcWw sN¿s¸Sp¶sX¶v tXm¶n¡p¶XpamWv.
aq¶mw {]]mTIw
tX tlmNp: `Kh³ b tZyhw Aky Bßt\m
al na m\ w k qN bk oX n A t\ y m h m] c :
tI mSbamßmJ y : tbm bw k nXm k ns s X :
IÀ½^ssec`n`qbam\: kZktZym\nam]ZyXm
C Xy h mRvO tbmÀ [ zmh K XnÀ ss Z zss µ zc`n
`qbam\: ]cn{`aXn.
_meJyen·mÀ CXp tI«v ho­pw tNmZn¨p:
`Khms\, A§v Cu Bßmhnsâ alnasb¸än
N P
]dbpt¼mÄ ip`mip`IÀ½§Ä¡Sns¸«v \ÃXpw K
N o¯ b p amb tb m\ nI fn  N p ä n¡ d § p ¶
Bßmhv thsdm¶mtWm kpJ ZpxJ§fm ]cmP-
bs ¸ « v D¨ \ oN K X nI fn {`aW w s N bvX p
sIm­ncn¡p¶XmtWm?
2. AkvXn Jep At\ym ]cm`qXmßmtJym tbm
bw knXm kossX: IÀ½^sse c`n `qb am\:
k Zk tZ ym\ nam] Zy h mN nw tN mÀ[ zmw K Xnw
Zzmssµc`nbam\: ]cn{`aXoXyXy D]mJym\w
]© X·m{XmWn `qX i_v t Zt\mNytX iY
tXjv Tmw b kapZmb icocanXypà aX tbm l
Jep hmh icocanXypàw k`qXmtßXypàw
AYmkvXn Xkpßm _nµpcnh ]pjvIc CXn k
hm Gtjm `n `qX: {]mIrssX: KpssW: CXytXm
BhnÀ `qX·mXv kapUXz {]bmXy kwaqVXzm
`mßØw {]`pw `Kh´w ImcbnXmcw \m]iyZv
KpWussL: Xr]yam\: kkv] rtlm hy{KÝm
`nam\nXzw {]bmX CXylw tkm ataZ antXyhw
a\yamt\, \n_Ô´ymß\m Bßm\w Pmte
t\ h I r X Ø m\ p ^ e w A `n`qbam \ mk Z
k tZ y m\ nam] Z y X C X y h m tbm© À ² z mh K -
XnÂZzssµc`n`qban\x ]cn{`aXn.
CXp tI«v {_Òmhv ]dªp: ip`mip` IÀ½§Ä
¡Sns¸«v Dgep¶Xv asämcp `qXmßmhmWv. AXv \ÃXpw
No¯bpamb tbm\nIfn Npän¡d§p¶p. D¨ \oN KNn
{]m]n¡p¶p. AXv cmKtZzjmZn Zzµz`hm¯n\Sns¸«
XmWv. AXpsIm­mWv `qXmßmhv F¶Xns\ ]dbp¶Xv
A©p X·m{XIsfbpw ]©alm`qX§sfbpw `qXsa¶v
]dbpw ChbpsS k©mctI{µamWv icocw AXp
sIm­mWv icocs¯ `qXmßmsh¶p ]dbp¶Xv. CXnse
Bßmhv Xmacbnebnse shůn\v XpeyamWv .
AXn\v DÅn hkn¡p¶ t{]cImßmhns\ ImWm³
km[n¡p¶nÃ. AXpt]mse KpWkaql¯n AXr]vX
\pw ]m]nbpw AØnc\pw N©e\pw A`nam\nbpw
Al¦mcnbpambn¯ocp¶ Ah³ CXv Rm\mWv CXv
FsâXmWv F¶p `mhn¨p sIm­v ]£nsbt¸mse IpSp
¡nÂs]Sp¶p. Xm³ sNbvX IÀ½§fpsS ^eambn AXv
kzbw _ÔXambnNpän¡d§p¶p.
3. b: IÀ¯m tkmbw ssh `qXmßm ImcbnXm
A´: ]pcpj: AY bYmán\m Ab: ]nWvtUm
hm A`n`qX: IÀXr`nÀ l\yamt\m \m\mXz
apt]Xy Ghw hmh Jep Aku `qXmßm A´:
]pcptjWm`n `qtXm KpssW³ l\y amt\m
\m\mXz apss]Xn NXpÀ Pmew NXpÀZihn[w
NXpÀioXnY ]cnWXw `qXtKW taX ssZz
\m\mXzky cq]w. Xm\n l hm GXm\n KpWm\n
]pcptjtWcoXm\n N{Ianh arXv ]tNt\Xn. AY
bYmb: ]nWvt U l\yamt\ \mánc`n`qbtXyhw
 699
I \m`n `qbXy ku ]pcptjm A`n`qXXybw
`qXmtßm]kw ÇnjvSXzm ZnXn. AYm A\y{Xm
]ypàwþ icocanZw saYp\m tZthmZv `qXw kw-
hr²ypt]Xw \nctb Y aq{X ZzmtcW \njv{Im´
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h \ ² w h n¬ aq{ X ] n¯ I ^ aÖ mt atZ m
hkm`ncss\yÝ Ba ssb: _lp`n: ]cn]qÀ®w
tImi Ch ky\m.
Cu `qXmßmhnsâXmWv IÀXrXzsa¶pw tIhew
t{]cI\msW¶pw aäp ]ebnS¯pw ]dªn«p­v. AXv
C{µnb§sfs¡m­v ]e Imcy§fpw sN¿n¡p¶p.
Aánbn ]gp¸ns¨Sp¯ Ccp¼v ASn¨v ]ecq]
¯nem¡p¶Xpt]mse `qXmßmhpw ip²mßmhn\mÂ
X]n¡s¸«v hnhn[ cq]w sImÅp¶p. {XnKpWkwbp
àamb F¬]¯n \mep e£w tbm\nIfn AXv
Npän¡d§p¶p. At\Xz¯nsâ kzcq]w AXpXs¶.
N{Iw Id¡p¶ Ipih³ N{I¯n \n¶pw `n¶-
ambncn¡p¶Xpt]mse Bßmhv Cu KpW§fnÂ
\ns¶Ãmw `n¶amWv . Ccp¼tKmfw ASn¡pt¼mÄ
AXn\pÅnse Aánsbbà ASn¡p¶Xv AXpt]mse
ip²mßmhn\v Hcp hnImchpw D­mIp¶nÃ. `qXmßm
hnsâ kwkÀ¤w sIm­pÅ tZjw D­mIpw. kv {Xo
]pcpj kwtbmK^eambn D­mIp¶ Cu icocw sNX\y
clnXhpw \cI XpeyhpamWv. aq{XZzmc¯n IqSn hcp¶
Cu icocw AØn\nÀ½nXhpw amwkte]nXhpw NÀ-
½mhrXhpw aeaq{X I^ ]n¯mZnIfm ]qcnXhpamWv.
IqSmsX CXv At\Iw ±]nX hkvXp¡fpsSbpw Hcp
kamlmcamsW¶v ]dbmw.
4. AYm \y {Xm ]ypàw k½mtlm `bw
hnjmtZm \n{Zm X{µo {]amtZm Pcm timI:
£pXv]n]mkm ImÀ¸Wyw t{Imt[m kmkvXnIy
aÚ m\w amÕcyw \njv I mcpWyw aqVXzw,
\nÀ{hnUXzw CXn Xmakm\n, NeXz hy{KXzw
PoKnjmtYm]mÀP\w an{Xm\p{Kl ]cn{Klm]ew
_m\n Cjv t Sjv T C{µnbmÀt°jp Zzrjv S ncn
jvtSjvT A`njzwK: ipà kztcm ¶X akvXnXn
cmPkmt\yssX: ]cn]oÀWW GssXc`n `qXm
CXybw `qXmcmßm Xkv a mXv \m\m cq]mWv
B]vt \mXn CXn B]vt\mXn.
CtX¸än thsdmcnS¯pw ]dªn«p­v. tamlw, `bw,
ZpxJw, tIm]w, hmÀ²Iyw, hni¸v, Zmlw, ssZ\yw, \n{Z,
Bekyw, \mkvXnIyw, AÚm\w, amÕcyw, \nÀ`bX,
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eoe CuÀjy, tXm¶nbt]mepÅ s]cpamäw N©eX
GsX¦nepw X«nsbSp¡Wsa¶ B{Klw ]W¯nÂ
N P
sImXn, {]nbanÃm¯Xn hntZzjw XpS§nb ctPmKp K
WhnImc§fpw AXn Gsdbp­v ChsbÃmw \nan¯w
Cu `qXmßmhv ]cmPnXambn CXn \n¶p hnhn[cq
]§Ä kw`hn¡p¶p.
\memw {]]mTIw
1. tX l J e p h mth À [ ztc X tk m A X n
hnkvanXm A`nktaXy Du Np:þ `Kh³, \akvtX,
AkvXp. A\pim[n Xzw AkvamIw KXnc\y \
hnZybm CXn Aky tIm hn[n: `qXmßt\m tb
t\`w lnXzm Bßt\yh kmbqPy D ss]Xn Xm³
tlmhmtNXn.
{_ÒNmcnIfmb _meJney·mÀ AXptI«p Gsd
hnkv a nXcbn ASp¯p sN¶v ]dªp:þ `Khms\,
A§bv¡v \akvImcw. A§p am{XamWv R§Ä¡p
icWw. R§Ä¡v thsdmc`banÃ. AXn\m Cu
`qXmßmhnsâ AXnYnbmsc¶v a\Ênem¡n¯cWw. CXv
kÀhhpw shSnªv BÀ¡pth­nbmWv BßmhnÂ
Xs¶ kmbqPyw t\Sp¶Xv? {_Òmhv ]dªp.
2. AY A\y{Xm]n Dàwþ almZojvT DuÀab
Chm \nhÀ¯Iaky bXv ]pcmIrXw kap{Zta
te h Z p À \ nh mc ak y ar tX y m c m K a\ w
kZkXv ^ eassb ]mssi: ]wKpcnh _Ôw
_Ô\kvX sskyh kzmX{´yw ba hnjbØ
tk y h _ l p `bm h Ø w aZ ntc m · ¯ C h
taml aZ ntc m·¯ w. ] m] va\ m K r loX C h
`ymayamWw atlmcK ZjvS Ch hnjbZjvSw alm
k Imcanh cmKmÔw C{µPme anh ambmabw
kz]v\ Ch anYymZÀi\w IZfo KÀ` Ch kmcw
\ S C h £ W th j w N n{X `n¯ nc nh
anYymat\mca anXytYmàw. i_vZ kv]ÀimZtbm
lyÀ ° maÀtXy A\À° m Ch B ØntXm
tbjmw kàkvX p `qXmßm \kva tcXv ]cam
]Zw.
]ns¶ thsdmcnS¯pw C§s\ ]dªncn¡p¶p.
henb \ZnIfn Hmf§Ä D­mIp¶Xpt]mse Cu
`qXmßmhnepw ]qÀhIÀ½§Ä D­mImhp¶XmWv.
AXnsâ ^ew AXn\v A\p`hnt¡­n hcp¶p. kap{Z
¯nse XncameIfpsS A´wIpdn¡m³ Xocw thWw.
AXpt]mse Cu`qXm·mhn\v acWw BhiyamWv.
ip`mip`IÀ½ ^eambn hyàn arK§sft¸mse
_Ô\¯n s]Sp¶p. IqSmsX ]qÀ®ambpw ]cX{´
\mIp¶p. Ime]pcnbntem F¶p tXm¶pamdv C§s\
`qXmßmhv kZm `oX\mWv. hnjbkpJaZy tkhn¯v
Ah³ D·¯\mbn¯oÀ¶p. ]m] `qXm hi¯mse¶
t]mse A§pan§pw Aebp¶p. hnj¸m¼p ISn¨Xp
t]mse B ]¯ n\m ZpxJnX\mIp¶p. hnjtb
 700

I ÑbmIp¶ \n_nUmÔImc¯m Ah³ AÔ\mIp¶p. 4. Nn¯ky ln {]kmtZ\ l´n IÀ½ K

amPn¡pImcsâ hnZybmset¶mWw ambm _Ô\mIp¶p. ip`mip`w
kz]v\w t]mse anYybmb IZfo KÀ`w t]mse AXv {]k¶mßm Bß\nØnXzm kpXza
\nÊmcamWv. \Ss¶t¶mWw Ah³ ]pXnb thj§Ä hyb aiv\ p tX
[cn¡p¶p. `n¯nNn{Xw t]mse _mly kuµcyw am{Xam
WnXv. i_vZkv]ÀimZnhnjb§fpw Akm[mcW§fmWv. 5. kamkàw bZm Nn¯w Pt´mÀ
Ahbn Bkà\mb `qXmßmhn\v Xs¶ kw_Ôn¨ hnjb tKmNtc
bYmÀ° t_m[anÃ. btXyhw {_ÒWn kym¯Xv tIm \ apNytX
_Ô\mXv.
3. Abw hmh Jep Aky {]Xn hn[n. `qXm
ß t\ m bX v th Z h nZ y m [ n K a: k z[ À ½ hndIp XoÀ¶m Xobv AhnsS¯s¶ sISp¶Xp
kym\pNcWw kym{itajvT Ghm\p{IaWw kz t]mse hr¯nIÄ \in¨Xn\ptijw Nn¯w kzbtah
[À½ky hm GXZv {hXw kvX w ` im tJhm im´amIp¶p. DXv]¯n Øm\¯v im´ambn Úm\w
]cmWy t\ t\mÀ [z `mKv `hXy \yYm AhmMn t\Snb Nn¯w kXy¯nte¡v {]cnXamIp¶p. At¸mÄ
tXzj kz[Àt½m A`nltXm tbm thtZ#vT \ IÀ½him\pKmanIfmb C{µnbhnjb§Ä AXn\v
kz[À½mXn {ItaWm {kao `hXn. B {ita anYybmbntXm¶p¶p. Nn¯w Xs¶ kwkmcw AXp
tjzhmkà: X]kzo CXyp NytX. CtXyZbpàw sIm­v {]bXv\n¨v Nn¯s¯ip²am¡Ww. Nn¯ip²n
\mX]k: BßÚmt\ A [nKa: Ghw ln sIm­mWv kÂKn. Nn¯w im´ambn¡gnªm ip`m
Blþ X]km {]m]ytX a\: a\k: {]m]ytX ip` IÀ½§Ä \in¡p¶p. im´Nn¯³ BßmhnÂ
lymßm bam]vXzm \m\nhÀ¯tX CXn. ebn¡p¶p. AtXmsS Ah\v imkzXamb B\µw In«pw.
C§s\bpÅ bpànbpsS D]mbw CXmWv. Úm\w N n¯ w h nj b m à a m I p ¶ {X {_ Ò ¯ nem b m Â
kn²n¡m³ km[yamI¯¡ hn[w [À½mNcWw thWw. _Ô\¯n \n¶v F§s\ tam£w In«mXncn¡pw?
AXpt]mse B{ia [À½ m\pjv T m\hpw thWw. 6. at\m ln Zzn hn[w t{]màw ip²w
Fs´¶m kz [À½¯n\p am{Xta FÃmw km[n¡m³ Nmip²tah N
Ignbq. A\y [À½§Ä kvXw` imJt]mse anYybmWv.
Aip²w Ima k¦ev]w ip²w
`qXmßmhv kz[À½¯memWv D¶Xn {]m]n¡p¶Xv.
Ima hnhÀPnXw
aäphn[¯nse¦n A[x]X\w Xs¶. thtZmà [À½
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[ym\w Bßhnepd¡nÃ. A§s\bpÅh\v IÀ½ip²n bmXyat\m`mhw XZm XXv ]caw ]Zw
bnÃ. X]Ên\m Úm\w e`n¡p¶p; Úm\¯mÂ
a\Êv hiw hZamIpw; a\Êv \nb{´W¯nembm Bß
8. XmhtZh \ntcm ²lyw lrZn bmhXv
{]m]vXn e`n¡pw. Bß{]m]vXnbm kwkmc tamN\w £bw KXw
e`n¡p¶p. GXZv Úm\w N tam£Ý tijm
kvXp kvXp {KÙ hnkvXc:
At{XtX tÇmIm: `h´n
9. kam[n \nÀ[qX aeky tNXtkm
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\nthinXkymß\n bXv kpJw
hp]imarXn
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XYm hr¯n £bm¨n¯w kz tbm\m
hÀ®bnXpw KncmkZm kzbw XZ´: IctW\
hp] imayXn
KrlytX.
2. kz tbm\m ap] im´ ky am\k:
10. A]m at]m án cáu l thymav\:
kXyKman\:
thyma \n e£tbXv Gh a´À KXw
C{µnbmÀ° hnaqV kym \rXym
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11. a\ Gh a\pjymWmw ImcWw _Ô
3. Nn¯tah ln kwkmc XXv {]bXvt\\
tim[tbXv tam£tbm
bm¨n¯kvX·tbm `hXn Kply taXXv _Ômb hnjbmkàw apssày
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N P
 701
I ip²sa¶pw Aip²sa¶pw a\Êv c­p hn[amWv. Ima-
k¦ev] nXambXv Aip²hpw ImahnhÀPnXambXv
ip²hpamWv. a\Êv ebhnt£]clnXhpw \ntÈjw
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kw`hn¡mXncn¡p¶nSt¯mfw AXns\ lrZb¯nÂ
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¯nsâbpw kmcw. kam[n aptJ\ amen\yw ZqcoIr
XamhpIbpw Bßmhn kwtbmPn¸n¡s¸SpIbpw
sN¿p¶ Nn¯w B\µa\p`hn¡p¶p. AXv hÀ®n¡m³
{]bmkw. Pe¯n Pehpw Aánbn Aánbpw BIm-
i¯n BImihpw tNÀ¶p Ignªm ]ns¶ {]YIv
`mhanÃ. AXpt]mse Nn¯ebw kw`hn¨m a\pjy³
apà\mIp¶p. a\pjycpsS _Ôtam£§Ä¡p ImcWw
a \Ê p Xs ¶b mW v . hnj b mh nap à a mb a \Ê v
tam£¯n\pw ImcWamIp¶p.
12. AY btY\w IuXv kmb\ kvXpXn:
Xzw {_Òm Xzw N ssh hnjvWpkvXzw
cp{ZkvXzw {]Pm]Xn XzaánÀ hcptWm
hmbvkvX zan{µ kvXzw \ncmIc:
13. Xzw a\pkvXmw NakvXmw ]rYohoXzw
JaYmNypX:
kzmÀt° kz`mhntIÀt° N
_lp[mkwØnXn kvXzbn
14. hntizizc \kvX p `yw hnizmßm
hnizIÀ½ IrXv
hniz `Kv hniz ambpkvXzw hniz
{IoUmcXn: {]`p:
15. \a: im´mßt\ Xp`yw \ tam KplyX
amb N ANn´ym bm t{]tabmb A\mZn
\n[\mb tNXn
IuXv kymb\sâ kvX pXn: \o {_ÒamWv. \o
hnjv WphmWv. \o cp{Z\mWv,\o {]Pm]XnbmWv, \o
A ánbmWv , \ohcpW\mWv \o hmbphmWv , \o
C{µ\mWv. \o N{µ\mWv \o a\phmWv, \oba\mWv, \o
]rYznhmWv, \o ANypX\mWv, \o Xs¶bmWv hnjb
cq]¯n kzm`mhnIamb AÀ°¯nepÅXv . \o
Xs¶bmWv kzÀ¤¯n Atáb {]Imc¯n hkn
¡p¶Xv. kÀthizc, \n\¡v \akv¡ mcw. \o Is¶
kÀhmßmhpw kÀhIÀ½IcvU¯mhpw ambm ab\pw
kÀh {IoUmcX\pw {]`phpw \o Xs¶. tl im´
kzcq]m \n\¡v \akvI mcw. KqV Xa\pw ANn´y\pw
A{]tab\pw A\mZn\n[\\pw BWv \o.
16. \tam hm CZ a{K B kotZIw XXv ]tckymXv
X X v ] tc tW c nX w h nj i a X ze w {] b mX n.
GXcq]w ssh cPkv X {ZP: Jep CucnXw
N P
hnjaXzw {]bmXn. GXssZzkXzky cq]w XXv K
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{_ÒNmcn tWm tbm f bw cpt{Zm f Y tbml
Jep hmhky cPtkmw tim ku k {_Ò
NmcntWm tbm f bw {_Òm f Y tbm l Jep
h mh k y k mX zntI mw f ti m k uk {_ Ò
NmcntWm tbm f bw hnjvWp. k hm Gj GI
kv{ Xo[m`qtXm f jvSss[Im Zi[m ZzmZi[m
f ]cn anX[m hthmZv `qX DZv`qXXzmZv `qXw
`qtXjp NcXn {]hnjvS: k `qXm\m a[p]XnÀ
_`qth Xykm hmßm f ´À _lnKzm´À
hlnÝm
AXv krjv Sn¡pap¼v tIhew AÔImaabambn
cp¶p. ]n¶oSv ]camßmhn \n¶pw t{]cWbmÂ
C{µnbhnjbambn . CXnsem\v ctPmKpWkzcq]hpamWv.
AtX {]Imcw CXv ctamKpW¯nsâ cq]hpamWv. t{]cW
e`n¨ Xtam KpWw Xs¶ Xtam KpW¯n \n¶p­m
bXpt]mse CXv kXv e¯n \n¶v DZbw sIm­Xp
t]mse Hmtcm Pohnbnepw IpSnsImÅp¶Xv t£{XÚ
kzcq]¯n DÅ ssNX\y k¯Xs¶. ]camßmhnsâ
Awiw Xs¶ AXv . \nÝnX kzcq]amWXv. ]camßm
hnsâ Gähpw hepXpw t{ijvTamb icocw {_Òm
hnjvWp atlizc·mcmsW¶v ]dbs¸Sp¶p. AXnÂ
]camßmhnsâ ctPmKpWmw iw {_ÒmhmWv. Xtam
KpWmw iw cp{Z³.
hnjvWphmWv kXzKpWmwiw. Hcp ]camßmhv
Xs¶bmWv aq¶p cq]§fnepw F«p cq]§fnepw
]Xns\m¶v cq]§fnepw ]{´­p cq]§fnepw A\Iw
cq]§fnepw ImWs¸Sp¶Xv. AXv A\´ambn Hmtcm
`qX¯nepap­v. kÀh{]mWnIfpsS A[n]XnbmWv AXv.
AXnemWv AI¯pw ]pd¯pw Bßcq]¯n IpSn
sImÅp¶Xv.
A©mw {]m]mTIw
1. ZznZm hm Gj Bßm\w hn`ÀXybw bx
{]mtWm bÝmkmhnZnXyx AY Zzu hm GXm
A ky ] Ù m \m A ´À _ lnÝ ml c mt{X
sWtXm hymhÀt¯ tX. Aku hm BZntXym
_ lnc mß mIy mKX y m´ c mß t\mf \ aob tX
KXncntXyhw lymhw. AY bx IÝnXv hnZzm³
A]lX]m]va m f £m[yt£m f hZmXa\mkvX
¶njv T Bhr¯ N£px tkm A´cmßIym
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 702
I lyml AY b Gtjm f ´cmZntXy lnc×bx
]pcptjm bx ]iyXn amw lncWy f hØmÕ
Gtjm f ´tc lrXvjvIc Gh B{intXm A¶-
a¯n.
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kzcq]§sf [cn¡p¶p. Cu {]mW\pw kqcy\pw BZn
bn D­mbncp¶p. Ah AI¯pw ]pd¯pw cmhpw
]Iepw k©cn¨p sIm­ncp¶p. kqcy³ _mlymßmhpw
{]mW³ A´mcmßmhpamIp¶p. CXnsâ KXnbm Xs¶
CXv A´cmßmhmsW¶v a\Ênem¡mw. CXv KXn cq]
amsW¶v thZ§Ä A`n{]mbs¸Sp¶p. ]m] clnXamb
Úm\n kÀhm²y£\mbnXocp¶p. Ahsâ a\Êv
ip²amIpw. Ah³ ]camß \njvT\pw Ahsâ Úm\
N£pÊv Xpd¡pIbpw Ah³ A´cmßmhn Xs¶
ØnXn sN¿s¸SpIbpw sN¿p¶p. i{Xp aptJ\ Ah³
]pdt¯¡p t]mIp¶p. Bßmhnsâ KXn A\pam\n
¡mhp¶XmsW¶mWv thZ§fpsS A`naXw. kqcysâ
AI¯mbn ImWp¶ lnc©b ]pcpj³ \ap¡p
lncWyw ({]mImiw) t]mse tXm¶p¶p. lrZbIae
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h mh X X v ] p j vI c w t bm f b am I mti m
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aq¶p am{XIfpsS cq]¯nemIp¶p. Cu aq¶pam{XIfnÂ
kÀhhpw HmXt{]mXambncn¡p¶p. CXn\mWv kÀhhpw
ØnXn sN¿p¶sX¶ thZ§Ä DZvt Lmjn¡p¶p.
Asæn BZnXy³ Xs¶bmWv Hmw F¶p [ym\n¨p
Bßmhns\ ]pcpj³ AXpambn tNÀ¡Ww.
4. AY\y{Xm ]pàwþ AYJep b DZvKoYx k
{]Wthm bx {]Whx k DZvKoY CXyku hm
BZnXy DZv K oY Gj{]Whm CtXyku hm
B Z nX y DZ vK oY G j {] W h m C t X y h w
lymtlmZvKoYw {]WhmJyw {]mtWXmcw `mc
cq]w hnKX\n{Zw hnPcwhnarXypw {Xn Zw Xy£cw
]p\x ]©[m tÚbw \nlnXw Kplmbman-
tXyhw lymlw DuÀ²z aqew {Xn]mZv {_Ò imJm
B I mi h mbp A á n DZ I ` qay mZ b G I x
Aiz°\msaXZv {_ssÒ Xssky Xt¯tPm
bZkm hZnXyx HmantXyXZ£cky ssNXXv .
XkvamXv. HmantXyt\\ GXZp]mkoXm P{kanXn.
GtIm ky kwt_m[abtX tXy hw lyml.
GXtZh m£cw ]pWy taXtZhm£c w ]cw
GXtZh m£cw ]pWy taXtZhm£c w ]cw
tZXtZhm£cw ÚmXzmtbmbZnÑXn Xky XXv.
DZvKoYw (kmathZ¯nse Hcp `mKw) BWv {]Whw
{]Whw Xs¶bmWv DZvKoYsa¶v thsdsbmcnS¯v
]dªncn¡p¶p. {]Whw F\\ \maapÅ X¯zw BWv
kÀhs¯bpw krjvSn¡p¶Xv. CXv \mahpw cq]hpw
\n{ZmclnXhpw hr²mhØ CÃm¯Xpw arXypclnX
hpamWv. AXn\v A©phn[ap­v. AXv lrZbip²nbnÂ
hkn¡p¶psh¶v {ipXnbn ]dbp¶p. CXnsâ aqew
apIfnepw imJIÄ {_Òw hscsb¯p¶XpamIp¶p.
BImiw, hmbp, Aán, Pew ]rYzn F¶nhbmWv
imJIÄ C GIIz¯neqsS FÃmw {Kln¡mw. CXm
Ip¶p {_Òw. kÀhPl¯pw AXnsâ kzcq]amIp¶p.
Hmw F¶ A£c¯nsâ kzcq]amWv kqcy³ AXn\mÂ
Hmw F¶ A£c{_Òs¯ {]mÀ°n¡Ww. AXneqsS
AXnsâ GIam{Xamb cks¯ a\Ênem¡Wsa¶v
{ipXnbn ]dbp¶p­v. Cu ]hn{Xamb A£cs¯
a\Ênem¡n a\pjy³ F´m{Kln¨mepw AXv Ah\v
kn²n¡pw.
5. A Y m\ y {X m] y à wþ k z\ h tX y j m f
kyX\qÀ tbm anXnkv{Xo ]pw\]pwktIXnenw-
 703
I KhtXyjm f Ym{_Òm cpt{Zm hnjvWp cnXy
[n]XnhtXyjm f YKmÀl]tXym Z£nWmáncm-
lh\ob CXnapJhtXy jm f Y EK y Ppx
kmtaXn hnÚm\htXyjm `qÀ`phx kzcnXntem
I h tX y j m Y `q X w `h y w `h nj y Z nX n
ImehtXyjm Y {]mtWm f ánx kqcy CXn
{]Xm]htXyjm f Y¶am]Ý{µam CXym]ymb\
h tX y j m f Y _ p ² nÀ at \ m fl wI mc
tNX\htXyjm f Y {]mtWm f at\mhym\ CXn
{] mWhtXyt£ XyX Hman\y ptà ss\X mx
{]kv X pXm AÀ¨nXm AÀ¸nXm `h´ntXyhw.
lymssl AssZz kXymImw ]cw Nm]cw N {_Ò
btZmantXyX £canXn.
ho­pw aäp]ebnS¯pw {_Òicocw i_vZn¡p¶p
sh¶v AXv HmwImcsa¶v ]dbp¶psh¶pw {]kv Xm
hn¨n«p­v. kv{Xo]pcpj \]pwkenwK apàamIp¶p CXv.
Aán, hmbp, kqcy³ F¶o cq]§fn {]Imiam\mamb
CXv cp{Z³, hnjvWp, F¶o cq]§fn A[n]XnbmWv.
KmÀly]Xyw, Z£nWmán, Blh\obw F¶nh CXnsâ
aq¶p apJ§fmIp¶p.
EtKzZw, bPpÀthZw, kmathZw F¶o thZ§
sf¡pdn¨v AXn\v Adnbmw. `px `qhx, kzÀ¤x F¶nh
CXnsâ Ime§fpamWv. {]mW³, Aán, BZnXy³,
F¶nh AXnsâ {]Xm]hpw A¶w, Pew, N{µ³ F¶nh
CXnsâ {]mW§fpamsW¶v At\Iw t]À A`n{]mbs¸
«n«p­v. Rm³ XyPn¡p¶p F¶v AXv ]dbs¸«ncn¡p¶p.
AXns\ kv XpXn¡p¶h\pw AÀ¸Ww sN¿p¶h\pw
BIp¶p F¶v {ipXnbn ]dbp¶p. kXyIma³, CXv
Xs¶, CXv Xs¶bmIp¶ ]cm]c{_Òw CXv Hmw F¶
A£camIp¶px
6. AYmhymlrXw hm CZa koXv k kXyw
{]Pm]Xn kvX]kvX]vXzm A\phymlcZv`px `qhx
kzcntXy ssjhmky {]Pm]tXx Øhnjv T m
X \ qÀ bte mI h X oX nk zc nX y k y mx
intcm\m`nc`pthm `qx ]mZm B ZnXyݣpx
N £ pc mb ¯ ml n ] p c p jk y al X oam{X m
N £ p j m l y bw am{ X m Ý c X n kXyw
sshN£pc£nWy hØntXmln ]pcpjx kÀthm
fÀ t° j p N c X n . G X k vam Z v `qÀ `p h x
kzcnXyp]mkoXm t\\ ln {]mPm]XnÀ hnizm
kvam hnjzN£qcnthm ]mkntXm `hXntXyhw
lyml. Gj m ssh {]P m]tXÀ hniz`r¯
\ qtc X k y m anZ w k À h a´ À l nX ak vanwÝ
k À h k ant¶ j ´ m À l ntX X n . X k vam tZ -
tjm]mkoX.
F´mtWm hnhcn¨Xv AXv kXyw. {]Pm]Xn X]Êv
sNbvXv D¨cn¨ `px `qhx kzÀ¤x F¶nh aq¶pw CXnsâ
N P
temI§fpw, `qXw, `mhn, hÀ¯am\w F¶nh CXnsâ K
Ime§fpamWv. {]mW³, Aán, BZnXy³ F¶nh
AXnsâ {]Xm]hpw A¶w, Pew, N{µ³ F¶nh
AXnsâ t]mjWhpamWv. a\Êv, _p²n, Al¦mcw
F¶nh CXnsâ tNX\bpw {]mW³, A]m\³, hym\³
F¶nh CXnsâ {]mW§fpamsW¶v At\Iw t]À
A`n{]mbs¸«n«p­v . Rm³ XyPn¡p¶p F¶v AXv
]dbs¸«ncn¡p¶p. AXns\ kvXpXn¡p¶h\pw AÀ¸
Ww sN¿p¶h\pw BIp¶p. F¶v {ipXnbn ]dbp¶p.
kXyIma³, CXpXs¶, CXv Xs¶bmIp¶ ]cm]c{_
Òw CXv Hmw F¶ A£camIp¶p.
t\{X¯n IpSnsImÅp¶ ]pcpj³ Xs¶bmWv
kÀh ]ZmÀ°§sf kw_Ôn¨v hnhcn¨p Xcp¶Xv.
AXn\m `px, `qhx, kzx F¶ hn[n{]ImcamWv D]mkn
t¡­Xv. A¶w Xs¶bmIp¶p {]Pm]Xn FÃmhcpsS
Bßmhpw N£pÊpw t]mse AXv D]mkyamsW¶v
thZw ]dbp¶p­v. PK¯nsâ icocamIp¶ {]Pm]Xn.
CXn kÀhhpw ØnXnsN¿p¶p. Ah³ ChbnseÃm
bnS¯pw ØnXn sN¿p¶Xn\m CXns\ D]mknt¡
­XmWv.
7. XXv khnXpÀ htcWy anXyku hm BZnXyx
khnX k hm Ghw {]hcWob BZnXyx khnX
k hm Ghw {]hcWob Bß Imtat\XymlqÀ
{_ÒhmZnt\m Y`Àt¤m tZhky[oaloXn khnXm
ssh tZhkv X tXm tbm ky `À¤mJymkv X w
Nn¯ bmaoXyml pÀ {_ ÒhmZ nt\m Y[ntbm
`bm\x {]tNmZbmZnXn _p²tbmssh [nbkvXm
tbm kvamIw {]tNmKbmZnXymlpÀ {_ÒhmZn\x
AY`À¤ CXntbmlhm Aapjv Nn¶mZntXy \nln
X k vX mc tI m £ oW n s s h j `À ¤ m J y wx
`m`nÀKXncky loXn `À¤x `ÀPbXoXn sshj
`À ¤ C X n c p t {Z m{_ Ò h mZ n\ x A Y `
CXn`mkbXnamw tÃmIm³ c CXn cRvP bXo
am\n `qXm\n K CXn. KÑ\y kv a n¶mKÑ\y
kvamZnam {]PmkvXkvamZv `cKXzmXv `À¤x iizXv
kqbam\mXv kqcyx kh\mXv khnXm. BZm\mXv
BZnXyx ]h\mXv ]mht\m AY Bt]m ]y
b\mZntXyhw lyml. Jep Bßt\m Bßm.
t\XmarþXmJytÝ Xm a´m Kt´mXv {kjvSm
B\µbnXm IÀ¯m hàm ckbnXm {LmXm
{Zjv S m t{imXmkv ]piXn N hn`pÀ hn{Ktl
kw\nhnjvS CtXyhw lyml AYb{X ssZzXo
`qXw hnÚm\w X{Xln irtWmXn ]iyXn
Pn{LXn. ckbXn ssNh kv]ÀibXn kÀhamßm
Pm\otXXn bm{XmssZzXo `qXw hnÚm\w Imcy
ImcWIÀ½ \nÀ½pàw \nÀhN\a\u]ayw
\ncp]mJyw Inw XZmhmNyw.
 704
I kqcysâ t{ijvTamb tXPÊmWv CXv. AYhm
CXpXs¶bmWv BZnXy³ CXpXs¶bmIp¶p. khnXmhv
(kÀht¯bpw krjvSn¡p¶Xv) C§s\ a\Ênem¡n
BtßÑp AXns\ kzoIcn¡m³ {i²mephmbncn¡
Wsa¶v {_ÒhmZnIÄ ]dbp¶p. R§fnt¸mÄ Cu
kqcy tZhsâ hÀ¤s¯ [ym\n¡p¶p. F´psIms­
¶m AXp \½psS ap³]n \n¡p¶p. Ahsâ hÀ¤w
hr²nsb {]m]n¨psIm­ncn¡p¶p­v. \msa´ns\bmWv
Nn´nt¡­sX¶v {_Ò hmZnIÄ tNmZn¡p¶p. D¯cw
C§s\bmWv \½psS _p²nsb D±o]n¡p¶Xv, k·mÀ-
¤¯ntem«v \bn¡p¶Xv F¶mWv. {_ÒhmZnIÄ ]dbp
¶Xv.
C t¸ m Ä h À¤i _ v Zs ¯ h y m Jy m \n¡ p ¶p .
kqcy\n Øm]nXambncn¡p¶XmWv hÀ¤w. I×Wn
bn hÀ¤w F¶ t]cv AXpXs¶bmWpÅXv. B
hÀ¤¯nsâ Im´nbnemWv a\pjy Ka\¯n\v iànbpw
ZrUXbpw D­mIp¶Xv. AXpsIm­v CXv kÀh¯n
t\bpw X]n¸n¡p¶p. AXn\m CXv hÀ¤amWv. AYhm
{]mWnIsf cRvPn¸n¡p¶Xn\m hÀ¤amWv. AYhm
CXv {]mWnIfn Kan¡p¶Xn\m hÀ¤amWv. AYhm
CXv temI¯n hcnIbpw t]mIpIbpw sN¿p ¶p.
AYhm CXv CXn\mbn«v {]PbmIpw. AYhm CXv FÃm-
änt\bpw [cn¡pIbpw t]mjn¸n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶
Xn\m hÀ¤amIp¶p.
CXv i{Xp¡sf \in¸n¡p¶Xn\m kqcy\mWv.
kÀht¯bpw krjvSn¡p¶Xn\m khnXmhmWv. kÀh-
t¯bpw {]Imin¸n¡p¶Xn\m BZnXy\mWv. kÀ
hs¯ ]mh\am¡p¶Xn\m ]ham\amWv. kÀhKman
bmbXn\mepw kÀhm{ibambXn\mepw CXv BZnXy\m
Ip¶p. CXv kzbw BßmhpamIp¶p. AarXsa¶dnb
s¸Sp¶ CXv kÀhXns\ Adnbn¡pIbpw Nn´n¡pI-
bpw sN¿p¶p. CXv Kan¡p¶p, krjvSn¡p¶p, B\µw
\ÂIp¶p, Nn´n¡p¶p, ]dbp¶p, cpNn¨dnbp¶p,
{LmWn¡p¶p, kv ]Àin¡p¶p, icoc¯n hym]n¨ncn-
¡p¶p. D¯aØm\cq]amsW¶v thZ§Ä ]dbp¶ CXv
hnÚm\ ssZzX cq]w sImÅp¶Xv FhnsSbmtWm
AhnsS tIÄ¡pIbpw ImWpIbpw aW¸n¡pIbpw cpNn
N P
AdnbpIbpw kv] Àin¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. F¶m K
CsXÃmw Bßmhv Xs¶bmsW¶v ZrVambn Xocp
am\n¡Ww. AXn\m hnÚm\w AssZzXamIp ¶nS¯v
AXv ImcyImcW clnXhpw AhÀ®\obhpw D]amc
lnXhpw hymJym\clXhpamIp¶p. CXns\¡pdn¨v
F´mWv ]dbm³ IgnbpI?
8. Gj ln Jep Btßim\x iw`pÀ `thm cp{Zx
{]P m]Xnx hnizk rIv , l ncay KÀ`x k Xyw
{]mtWm lwkx imkvXm hnjvWpx \mcmbWx
AÀ¡x khnXm [mXm, hn[Xm, k{amSv, C{µx
Cµpx CXn. b Gj X]Xyáncnhmán\m ]nlnXx
klss{kt£W lnc¬ atb\m\tµ\. Gj
hmhhnÚm¶n Xthym t\zjvShyx kÀh`qtX
t`ym `bw ZXzmcWyw KXzm Y _lnx IrXzm C{µn-
bmÀ ° m³ k zmÑ c o c mZ p ] e t`s s X \ a nX n.
h ni zc q]w l nc W w PmX th Zk w ] cmbW w
tPymXntcIw X]´w. kl{kciv a nx iX[m
hÀ¯am\x {]mWx {]Pm\mapZbtXy j kqcyx
CXv Xs¶bmWv Bßmhv, CXv Xs¶bmWv kÀh-
\n´mhpw, Cuizc\pw, i¦c\pw, `h\pw, cp{Z\pw,
{]Pm]Xnbpw, hniz{kjvSmhpw lncWy KÀ`\pw, kXy-
hpw, {]mW\pw lwkhpw, im´hpw, hnjvWphpw, \mcmb-
W\pw, AÀ¡\pw, khnXmhpw, [mXmhpw, km{am«pw, C{µ-
\pw, N{µ\pw. Cu Aáncq]¯n k´]vXhpw At\Im-
bnc§fpsS t\{Xcq]¯n {]Imiabamb B\µ¯nÂ
hym]vX\mbpw ØnXn sN¿p¶ CXns\bmIp¶p Adn
ªncnt¡­Xv. kÀh {]mWnIÄ¡pw A`bw \ÂIn
h\¯n t]mbn AXns\ At\zjnt¡­Xp­v. C{µnb-
hnjbw XyPn¡p¶hÀ¡v AXv AhcpsS icoc¯nÂ
\n¶p e`n¡p¶XmWv. CXv Xs¶bmIp¶ hnizkz
cq]\pw tXPkznbpw P\n¡p¶hsc Adnbp¶h\pw
kÀhcpsSbpw ]cam{ibØm\hpw tIhew tPymXn
cq]¯n X]n¡p¶h\pamb Cu kqcys\¶ ]camßmhv
kl{kIncW\pw, At\Ihn[¯n hÀ¯n¡p¶h\pw
{]PIfpsS {]mWcq]ambn DZn¡p¶h\pamWv.
ssa{XmbWyp]\nj¯v kam]n¨p.
 705
I K
1 ssat{X-¿p-]-\n-j¯v 3
im´na{´w
Hmw. B]ymb´p aamwKm\n hmIv {]mW
Ý£px t{im{XatYm _ean{µnbmWn NkÀhmWn
kÀhw {_tÒm]\njZw amlw {_Ò \ncmIpcymw
am am {_Ò \ncmItcmZ \ncmImtcmZ \ncmIcW
akv X p A\ncmIcWw ta Akv X p. XZmß\n
\nctX b D]\njÕp [À½m kvtX abn k´p
tX abn kvXp tX abn k´p Hmw. im´nx im´nx
im´nx.
Fsâ AwK§Ä hnImkw {]m]n¡s«. hmWn {Lm-
Ww N£pÊv , t{imXw _ew FÃm C{µnb§Ä Ch
A`nhr²n {]m]n¡s«. kIe D]\nj¯pIfpw {_Òam-
Ip¶p. F¶n \n¶v {_Òw XyPn¡s¸Sm\nSbmIcpXv
. {_Òw Fs¶ XyPn¡m\nSbmIcpXv.A§s\ {_ÒcX-
\mbn F\n¡v D]\j¯n {]Xn]mZnX§fmb [À½-
§Ä {]m]n¡m\nShcs«. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
{]YtamA²ymbx
_rl{ZtYm ssh\ma cmPm cmtPym tPyjvTw
]p{Xw \n[m]bntXzZaimizXw a\yam\x icocw
sshcmKyapt]tXmcWyw \nÀPKma. k X{X ]caw
X] BØmbmZnXyao£amWv. DuÀ[z_mlpkvXn
jvT Xn At´ kl{kky apc´nIam PKma
Aáncnh A[paIkvtX Pkm \nÀ±l¶nhmß
hnZv `hm³ imIm\yb D¯njvt Tm¯njvT hcw
hrWotjzXn cmPm\a{_hoXv. k Xkvs sa \a
kvXrtXym hmNþ`hm³ \mlamßhnX Xzw XXz
hnXvirWptam hbwam ]rÑ. {]iv\ ssa£zmWm
\ym³ Imam³hrWotjzXn. imImb\yky NcWm
]`nariamt\m cmPXmw KmYmw PKmZ.
_rl{ZY³ F¶ cmPmhn\v icocw\in¡p¶Xm
sW¶ t_m[w D­mbXns\¯pSÀ¶v sshcmKyw DZn¨p.
AXn\m At±lw cmPyw aq¯]p{X\p sImSp¯v
h\¯n t]mbn AhnsS ITn\amb X]Ê\pjvTn¨p.
At±lw kqcy\p t\À¡v t\m¡n ssIbpbÀ¯n \n¶p.
Bbnw sImïn\ptijw X]Ênsâ ^eambn Hcn¡Â
]pIbnÃm¯ Aánt]mse tXPkznbmb imIma\y³
F¶p t]cpff Bßth¯mhmb almap\n At±l¯n
sâ ASps¯¯n. At±lw cmPmhnt\mSp ]dªp-x þ-
""Fgpt¶Â¡p. Fgpt¶Â¡p. hcw Bhiys¸SpI''.
At¸mÄ cmPmhv At±ls¯ \akv Icn¨v ]dªpx
""`Khms\, Rm³ Bßmth¯mhÃ. A§v XXzÚm
N P
XmhmWv F¶v Rm³ tI«n«p­v F\n¡p XXzw D]tZin¨p
XcWw .''
AXptI«v almap\nbmb imIma\y³ hnjbw Gsd
GsX¦nepw hcw Bhiys¸Sm³ ]dªp. AXptI«v
_rl{ZY cmPmhv imImb\yap\nbpsS c­p ImepIfpw
]nSn¨v ]dªp.
2. A Y I nt as s X À h m \ y m\ mw t i mj W w
almÀWhm\mw inJcnWm {]]X\w {[phky
{] N e \ wØ m\ w bm X c q W mw \ n aÖ \ w
]rYnhymØm\mZ]kcWw kpcmWmw. tkm
flantXyXZ znhnt[ Akv a n³ kwkmtc Inw
Imtam]t`mssKssbtchm {inXky AkIrZp ]m-
hÀ¯\w ZriyX CXyp²À¯pw aÀl koXn
AtÔmZ]m\ t`I Chmlakv a n³ kwkmtc
`Kh³ Xzw t\m KXncnXn.
henb ISÂ häp¶p. ]ÀhXw XIcp¶p. {[ph\
£{Xhpw Xsâ Øm\¯n\v amdp¶p. hr£w ]ngpXp
hogp¶p. `qan kap{Z¯n Xmgp¶p. tZh·mÀ¡pw
\ne\n¡m\mIp¶nÃ. A§s\ \in¡p¶ {]]©
¯n t`ml§Ä sIm­v F´p{]tbmP\w? hnjbkpJ
§fn ap§nb PohnIÄ¡v ho­pw ho­pw P·mac
W§fpsS N{I¯n Idt§­Xmbn hcp¶p. AXn\mÂ
ap\nt{ijvTm s]m«¡nWänse Xhft]mse Ignbp¶
F\n¡v D²cW¯n\v At§ klmbapff `mKhms\,
Cu kwkmc¯n F\n¡v icWambn«pffXv A§p
Xs¶.
3. `Khm³ icocanZw ssaYp\m tZthmZv`pXw
kwhnt[yX \ncb Gh aq{XZzmtcW \njv{Im´
aØn`nÝnXw amwtk\m\p en]vX w NÀ½Wm
h _ ² w h n¬ aq{X h mX ] n¯ I ^ aÖ m
tatZmhkm`n css\yÝ a sseÀ _lp`nx ]cn
]qÀ®w. GXmZrti icotc hÀ¯am\ky `Kh³,
Xzw t\mKXncnXn.
3. AÃtbm `Khms\, ssaYp\¯mep­mb Cu
icocw Úm\clnXambm AXns\ \cIsa¶v
a\Ênem¡Ww. ImcWw, CXv aq{XZzmc¯neqsS ]pd¯p
h¶XmWv. AØnsIm­p­m¡nbXmWv. amwkabamWv.
tXmÂsIm­v s]mXnªXmWv. aew aq{Xw ]n¯w aÖ
C§s\ ]e ae§fpw \ndªXmWv. A§s\bpff
icoc¯n Ignbp¶ F\n¡v A§pXs¶bmWv Hcp
icWw.
 706
I 4. AY, `Khms\ imImb\yx kp{]otXmf
{_hoXv cmP\w.almcmP _rl{ZY C£zmIp
h wi [ zP i oÀ jmß Ú I r X I rX y k v X zw
acp¶mavt\m hn{iptXm koXybw Jezmßm tX .
IXa `Kh³ hÀWy CXn. Xw tlm hmN.
5. kv]Àikv]ÀimZtXm tb f À°m A\À°m
Ch tX ØnXmx tbjmw kàkvXp `qXmßm \
kvatc¨ ]cw ]Zw.
4.5. CXp tI«v `Khm\mb imImb\yap\n Gähpw
{]k¶\mbn cmPmhnt\mSv ]dªp:-þ "" `Khms\, Bßm
sh¶m F´mWv, AsXm¶v hnhcn¨p Xcq.'' CXp tI«v
ap\n ]dªp:-þ i_vZw kv]Àiw XpS§nb hnjb§Ä
A\À°ap­m¡p¶hbmWv. Ahbn Bkà\mb
`qXmßmhv ]ca]Zw {]m]n¡pIbnÃ.
6. X]km{]m]ytX kXzw kXzmXv kw
{]m]ytX a\x
a\km {]m]ytXlymßm lymßm
]Xym \nhÀ¯tX
X]ÊpsIm­v Úm\w {]m]n¡p¶p. Úm\¯mÂ
a\Êv hiambm Bßmhv e`n¡p¶p. Bßmhp
e`n¨m {]]©¯n \n¶v apàn In«p¶p.
7. bYm \ncnÔt\m hÓnx kzbtathm ]iyayXn
XYm hr¯n£bm¨n¯w kzbtathm]
imayXn
8. kzbtathm ] im´ky a\kx kma Kman\x
C{µnbmÀ° hnaqVkym \rXm
Imahim\p Kmx
9. Nn¯ntahlnkwkmckvXXv {]bXvtX\\
tim[ tbXv
b¨n¯kvX·tbm`mXn KplytaXXv
k\mX\w.
10. Nn¯ky ln {]kmtZ\ l´n
IÀ½ ip`mip`w
{]k¶mßmß \nØnXzm kpJahyaiv\p tX
7. hndIv XoÀ¶p Ignªm Aán kzbw sISp¶p.
AXpt]mse hr¯nIÄ \in¨p Ignbpt¼mÄ Nn¯w
AXnsâ ImcW`qXamb Bßmhn im´amIp¶p.
8. Xsâ aqImcW¯n im´ambXpw kXy¯n\pt\À-
¡v XncnªXpamb C{µnb§fpsS aqVX Zqc¯nemIp-
t¼mÄ IÀ½hiK§fmb hnjb§Ä hymP§sf¶
Úm\ap­mIp¶p.
9. Nn¯w Xs¶bmWv kwkmcw. AXn\m {ias¸«v
AXns\ ip²am¡Ww. Hcphsâ a\sʧs\bmWv
N P
AX\pkcn¨mIpw Ahsâ KXn. CsXmcp k\mX\
K
kn²m´amIp¶p. 10.Nn¯w im´ambn¯ocpt¼mÄ ip`m
ip` IÀ½§Ä \jvSamIp¶p.;im´\mbn¯oÀ¶ a\p
jy³ Bßmhn ebn¡p¶p. At¸mÄ Ah\v A£b
amb B\µw e`n¡p¶p.
11. kamkàw bZm Nn¯w Pt´mÀ
hnjbtKm Ntc
bmssZyhw {_ÒWnkym¯Xv tIm
\ aptNyX _Ô\mÂ
12. lrXv ]pWvUcoI at²yXp `mhtbXv
]ctaizcw.
km£oWw _p²nhr¯ky ]ca
t{]a tKmNcw
13. AtKmNcw at\m hmNmw AZqXm[n
kkw]vfhw
k¯mam{X {]ImssiI {]Imiw `h\mXnKw
14. Atlba\p]mtZbakmam\y hntijWw
{[phw kvXnanX Kw`ocw \ tXtPm
\ kakvXw
\nÀhnIev]w \ncm`mkw \nÀhmWab kwhnZw
15. \nXyx ipt²m _p²apà kz`mhx
kXyx kq£aw kwhn`qÝzm ZznXobx
B\µ _v[oÀ bx ]cx tkmf lakvan
{]XyKv [mXqÀ \m{X kwKoXnckvXn.
11. a\pjysâ Nn¯w F{Xam{Xw _mly hnjb§fnÂ
BkàamWv A{Xbpw {_Ò hnjb§fn B kà-
\mIpIbmsW¦n _Ô\§fn \n¶v apà\mIpI.
kz`mhnIamWv.
12. lrZbIae¯nsâ a[y¯n _p²nbpsS kakvX
IÀ½§Ä¡pw km£nbmbn ]cat{]a hnjbIamb
Cuizcsâ Úm\w D­mIWw.
13. Cu ]camßmhv a\kpsImt­m hm¡psImt­m
Adnbs¸Smhp¶XÃ. AXv B`y´clnXamWv. GIam{X-
amb k{Xq]{]Imi¯m {]IminXambn¯ocp¶p. AXv
Nn´bv¡¸pd¯pffXmWv.
14. AXns\ {Kln¡pItbm ssIhn«pIfbpItbm sN¿p-
¶Xn\v kmam\y `mh¯nsâtbm hntij`mh¯nsâtbm
Iev]\ sNt¿­XnÃ. AXv im´hpw Kw`ochpw BWv.
tXPÊÃ ; AÔImchpaÃ. k¦ev]clnXhpw B`mkc-
lnXhpw apàkzm`mhhpw kXyhpw kq£vahpw kÀh-
hym]Ihpw GIam{Xhpw BWv. Cu ]cam\µkmKc-
¯nsâ {]tXyI kzcq]w [cn¡p¶Xpw Rm³ Xs¶.
AXn bmsXmcp kwibhpanÃ.
 707

I 16. B\µ a´À \nPam{ib´ 3. {_ÒmarXw ]nt_Zvss`£amNtcZv K

amim ]nimNo aham\b´w tZlc £tW
BtemI b´w PKZn{µ Pme htktZIm´ntIm `qXzm ssNImt´
ssZzX hÀPntX
am]XvIYw amw {]hntiZ kwKw
CtXy]amNtcXv [oam³ k Ghw
17. hÀWm{iamNmbpXm hnaqVm apàn am]v\pbmXv.
IÀam\pktcW ^ew e`t´
4. PmXw arXanZw tZlw amXm ]nXr aemßIw
hÀ®mZn [À½w ln ]cnXyP´x
kpJ ZpxJ ebmta[yw kv] pjvSzmkv\m\w
kzm\µ Xr]vXmx ]pcpjm `h´n hn[obtX
18. hÀWm{iaw kmhbhkzcq] 5. [mXp_²w almtcmKw ]m]aµnc a {[phw
aZy´ bpàw lyXn IrNv{N am{Xw hnImcmImc hnkvXoÀ®w kv]yjvSzm
]p{XmZntZtljzm`nam\ iq\yw kv\m\w hn[obtX
`qXzm htkXv kuJyXta ly\t´ CXn 1. Hcn¡Â `Khm³ ssat{Xb³ ssIemk ]Àh¯nÂ
16. A´x IcW¯n e`n¡m³ Ignbp¶ B\µ¯n t]mbn almtZht\mSv tNmZn¨p:þ ""`Khms\, ]camß-
Ignbp¶h\pw BibmIp¶ ]nimNns\ Zqc¯n Xfp- XXz¯nsâ clkyw Ft¶mSv ]dªmepw''. almtZh³
¶h\pw kIe temIs¯bpw ]m¼m«nsbt¸mse ImWp ]dªp:''þ icocw tZhmebamIp¶p. AXn Poh³
¶ AkwK\pambh\v B´nI ZpxJw D­mIp¶sX tIhew ]camßmhmWv. AXn\m AÚm\cq]amb
§s\bmWv? \nÀ½meyw ssI shSnªv ]camßmhv Rm³ Xs¶bm-
sW¶p a\Ênem¡n AXns\ ]qPn¡pI.
17. hÀ®m{ia [À½§Ä ]men¡p¶ aqV·mcmWv
X§fpsS IÀ½§fpsS ^ew A\p`hn¡p¶Xv. F¶m 2. Poh\pw ]camßmhpw X½n t`Zw AdnbmXncn¡p-
hÀ®mZn [À½§Ä ssIhn«v Bßmhn Dd¨p\nev¡p¶ Isb¶XmWv Úm\w. a\Êns\ hnjb§fn \n¶v
hyàn B´cnIamb B\µw sIm­p Xs¶ k´pjvS- thÀs¸Sp¯Ww. AXmWv kv\m\w. C{µnb§sf hi¯n-
\mIp¶p. em¡p¶XmWv ]hn{XX.

18. hÀ®m{ia [À½§Ä, AXpt]mse Ahbh§
tfmSp IqSnb Cu icocw CsXÃmw Ahkm\apffhbmWv.
AXn\m ZpxJ ZmbI§fmWv. AXn\m ]p{XmZnIfnepw
icoc¯nepw hymtamlw shSnªp ]cam\µcq]amb
A\´ kzcq]¯n Øn\mbn hÀ¯n¡Ww.
H¶mw A[ymbw Ignªp.
3. {_ÒmamIp¶ AarXw IpSn¡pIbpw tZl c£-
W¯n\v `n£ tXSnbpw IgnbpI. _p²nam\mbh³
C§s\ k©cn¨p. apànsb {]m]n¡p¶p.
4. amXm]nXm¡³amcm \nÀ½n¡s¸«Xpw P·acW-
§tfmSp IqSnbXpamb Cu icocs¯ kv]Àin¨m Ipfn-
t¡­XmWv.

[znXotbm f ²ybx 5. Ggp [mXp¡fm \nÀ½nXhpw almtcmKw IeÀ-

¶Xpw ]m]¯nsâ hoSn\p Xpeyhpw AØnchpw hnIm-
AY`Khm³ ssa{XbssIemkw PKma XwK
cabhpamb Cu icocs¯ kv ]Àin¨m Ipfnt¡­-
tXzmhmN t`m `Kh³ ]ca XXz lkya\p{_q
XmWv.
loXn.k. tlm hmN almtZhx
6. \hZzmcae{kmhw kZm Imte kz`mhPw
tZhmebx I
ZpÀKÔw ZpÀatemt]Xw kv]rjvSzmkv\m\w
t{]màx kPnhx tIhex inhx hn[obtX
XytPZÚm\ I
7. am{Xm kqXI kw_²w kqXtI
\nÀ½meyw tkm f lw `mth\ ]qPtbXv I kl PmbtX
2.. At`ZZÀi\mÚm\w [ym\w arX kpXIfpw tZlw kv]rjvSzm kv\m\w
\nÀhnjbw a\x hn[obtX
kv\m\wat\maeXymKx OuN 8. Alw ataXn hn¬aq{Xte]KÔmZn tamN\w
an{µnb \n{Klx ip²iuNanXn t{]màw arÖem`yw
Xp euIoIw

N P
 708
I 9. Nn¯ip²nIcw iuNw hmk\m {Xb\mi\w
Úm\ sshcmKy art¯mssbx£m
f\mXv iuN apNytX
10. AssZzX`mh\m ss`£`£bw ZzX `mh\w
Kpcp imkv{Xmà `mht\ `nt£mÀss`£w
hn[obtX.
6. I®v, sNhn XpS§nb H³]Xp Zzmc§fnÂIqSn
Ft¸mgpw aew ]pd¯v h¶psIm­ncn¡p¶p. Ah ZpÀK
Ô `cnXhpamWv. A§s\ ZpjvShpw aen\hpamb
icocw kv]Àin¨m Ipfnt¡­Xp­v.
7. A½bpsS B iuNt¯mS\p_Ôn¨v B iuNap-
ffXn\m a\pjy³ Aip²ntbmsSbmWv P\n¡p¶Xv.
acW¯nsâ B iuNhpw D­v. A§s\bpff icocw
kv]Àin¨m Ipfn¡Ww .
8. aew aq{Xw ZpÀKÔw XpS§nbhbpsS ip²n a®v
shffw Ch sIm­v \o§p¶p. AXv euInIip²nbmWv.
hmkvXhnIamb ip²n ""Fsâ F\n¡v'' F¶p XpS§nb
`mh\ ssIshSnbp¶XnemWv.
9. ]cnip²n Nn¯s¯ hnipZ[am¡p¶p. AXv ImamZn-
IfIäp¶p. PmRm\amIp¶ a®pw sshcmKyamIp¶
Pehpw sIm­v IgpInbm ip²nbp­mIpw. AXmWv
bYmÀ°¯nepff ]hn{XX.
10. AssZzX`mh\ A`£yhkvX phmIp¶p. `n£p
Kpcphnsâbpw imkv{X¯nsâbpw \nÀt±ia\pkcn¨v
`n£ tXSWw.
11. hnZzm³ kztZiapXv krPy
k\ymkm\´w kzXx
ImcmKm hn\pÀapà tNmchXv ZqtXmhtkXv
12. Al¦mckpXw hn¯w {`mXw tamlaµncw
Bim]Xv\ow Xy tPZymhXv Xma·ptàm
\ kwibx
13. arXm tamlabo ambmPmtXm
t_m[abx kpXx
kqXI Zzb kw{]m]vXu IYw
kÔymap ]mkva tl
14. lrZmImti NnZmZnXyx kZm`mkXn `mkXn
\mkvXtaXn \ tNmtZXn IYw kÔym
ap]mkva tl
15. GI tahmZznXobw bZv KptcmÀ
hmtIy\ \nÝnXw
GXtZIm´ anXypàw \ aTw \ h\m´cw
N P
K
11. Iff³ XShdbn \n¶v tamN\w t\Sn Zqsc hÃbn-
S¯pw Ignbp¶Xpt]mse Úm\nbmb hyàn kw\ym-
kw kzoIn¨v Xsâ tZi¯n \n¶v Zqtc Xmakn¡m-
\m{Kln¡p¶p.
12. Al¦mc\mb ]p{Xs\bpw [\cq]\mb tkmZc-
s\bpw tamlcq]amb Krls¯bpw Bimcq]amb
]Xv\ntbbpw Dt]£n¡p¶h³ s]s«¶p Xs¶ apà
\mbn¯ocp¶p. F¶Xn bmsXmcp kwibhpw CÃ.
13. AÚm\amIp¶ A½ acn¨p, Úm\amIp¶
]p{X\p­mbn. A§s\ acW¯nsâbpw P\\¯n
sâbpw amb_Ô¯n IqSp§nb F\n¡v ]ns¶
kÔym hµ\mZnIÄ F§s\ sN¿m³ Ignbpw?
14. lyZbamIp¶ BImi¯n ssNX\ymßIamb
kqcy³ Ft¸mgpw {]Imin¨psIm­ncn¡p¶p. AXn\v
AkvX a\sa¶XnÃ. DZbhpw CÃ. ]ns¶ F§s\
kÔymhµ\w sN¿m³ Ignbpw ?
15. AhnsS kIeXpw H¶mWv. thsd H¶pw CÃ. A§-
s\bpff Kpcphnsâ D]tZi¯mÂ, aTtam h\a²ytam
H¶pw GIm´Øm\asö t_m[w F\n¡p­m-
bncn¡p¶p.
16. AkwibhXmw apànx kwibmhnjvS
tNXkmw
\ apànÀ P· P·mt´ Xkvam Zznizmk
am]v\pbmXv
17. IÀa XymKm¶ kw\ymtkm \
t{]tjmctW\ Xp
kÔu Pohmßt\msscIyw kw\ymkx
]cnIoÀ ¯nXx
18. ha\mlhZy ky `mXn kÀthjWmZnjp
Xkym[nImx kw\ymtk XzàtZlm`nam\n\x
19. bZm am\knsshcmKyw PmXw kÀthjp
hkv Xpjp
XssZh kw\ymtkZznZzm³ A\yYm
]XntXm `thXv
20. {ZhymÀ°a¶ hkv{XmÀ°wbx {]XnjvSmÀ°
tah hmk\ymtk ZpÀ`b{`jvSx kapànw
\m]vXp aÀlXn.
16. kwibclnXt\ apà\mIm³ km[n¡pIbpffp.
kwib {KkvX\v At\I P·§Ä sIm­vapàn e`n¡p-
IbnÃ. AXn\m Kpcphnsâbpw im{¯§fpsSbpw
hN\§fn hnizkaÀ¸n¡Ww.
17. IÀ½§Ä ]nXyPnp sh¶pam{Xw kw\ymkamIpI-
bnÃ. ""Rm³ k\ymkn\nbmWv''. F¶p ]dªXpsIm-
 709
I ­pam{Xw HcmÄ k\ymknbmbn¯ocpIbnÃ. kam[nbnÂ
Poh]amßm¡fpsS GIXp­mIpt¼mtg k\ymkamIp-
Ibpffp.
18. bmsXmcph\vkIe CÑIfpw OÀ±n¨ ]ZmÀ°s¯-
t¸mse tXm¶p¶p. bmsXmcmÄ tZl¯nsâ aaX
ssIhn«p., Ah\v am{Xta k\ymk¯n\v A[nImapffq.
19. kIe ]ZmÀ°§sfkw_Ôn¨pw a\Ên ssh-
cmKyw h¶pZn¡p¶p. Adnhpff hyànt¡ kw\ymknbm-
Im³ km[n¡pIbpffq. AÃm¯ ]£w]X\amWv.
]cnWmaw.
20. ]Wwk¼mZn¡m³ th­ntbm `£Ww e`n¡p¶-
Xn\pth­ntbm {]ikvXn¡pth­ntbm kw\ymkw kzo-
Icn¡p¶h³ ­p temI¯n \n¶pw {`jvS\mbn¯o-
cp¶p.AbmÄ¡v Hcn¡epwapàn e`n¡pIbnÃ.
21. D¯am XXz Nnss´h a[yaw
imkv{XNn´\w
A[am a{´Nn´mNXnÀ°w {`m´y [am[am
22. A\p`qXnw hn\m aqtVm ]rYm
{_ÒWn tamZtX
{]Xn_nw_nX imJm{K ^emkzmZ\tam ZhXv
23. \ XytPt¨ ZyXnÀ aptàmtbm am[pIam´cw
sshcmKy P\Iw {i²m If{XwÚm\\µ\w
24. [\hr²m htbmhrÔm hnZymhr²m
kvX ssYh N
tX kÀth PmRm\ hr²ky In¦cmx
injy In¦cm
25. a\zmbbm tamlnX tNXtkm amw
Bßm\ am ]qÀ® a e_v[h´x
]cw hnZKvt²m Z ]qcWmb
{`a´n ImIm Ch kqtbm ]n
21. XXzhnNmcamWv D¯aw. imkv {XhnNmwa[yaam-
Ip¶p. a{´km[\ A[aamWv. XoÀ°§fn AebpI
A[a¯nepw A[aamIp¶p.
22. Hcp ac¯nsâ Imbnsâ {]Xn^e\w I­v AXp
Xn¶v hni¸S¡msa¶v IcpXp¶Xpt]mse hmkvX hn-
Iamb A\p`ht¯mSp IqSmsX aqV]pcpj³ {_Òm\µw
{]m]n¡msa¶v hrYm `mh\ sN¿p¶p. 23. [\ hr²
·mcpw {]mb¯m hr²·mcpw hnZymhr²·mcpw FÃmw
A\p`h Úm\¯nepw tam£mßI Úm\¯nepw
hr²cmbhcpsS the¡mtcm injy·mtcm am{XamWv.
25. bmsXmcp¯À ambm {]`mh¯m aqVaXnIfmbn
""Rm³ '' F¶ Bßmhns\ icn¡dnbp¶nÃ. AhÀ
N P
_p²nam·mcmsW¦nepw shdpw Im¡sbt¸mse hbp K
\ndbv¡m³ AXnsebnXnsb Aebp¶p.
26. ]mjmW temlaWn ar¬ab hn{KtljvS
]pPm ]p\ÀP\\ t`mKIco apapt£m
Xkva mZymXnx kzlrZbmÀ P\tah IpcymXv
_mlymÀ¨\w ]ntl Z]p\À `hmb
27. A´x ]qÀt®m _lnx]qÀ®x]qÀ® Ipw`
Chm˨th
A´x iqt\ym _lnx iyqt\ym
iq\yIpw` Chmw_tc
28. am `h {Kmly `mhmßm `mhmßm N am `h
`mh\maJnew Xyàzm bÑnjvSw X·tbm `h
29. Zrjv SZÀi\ Zriym\n Xàzm hmk\bm kl
ZÀi\ {]Yam `m kamß\w tIhew `P
30. kwim´ kÀhk¦ev] bm inemh
Zh ØnXnx
Pm{K¶n{Zm hn\nÀapàm km kzcq]
ØnXnx ]cm
26. IÃv, kzÀ®w, a®v Ch sIm­p­m¡nb hn{Kl-
§fpsS ]qP tam£mÀ°nIsf kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw ]p-
\ÀP·mZn t¢i§Ät¡ D]Icn¡pIbpffp. AXn\mÂ
kw\ymkn C§s\bpff _mly hkvXp¡fpsS ]qPmZn-
Ifn hym]rXmIcpXv.
27. kap{Z¯n C« IpS¯n\v AI¯pw ]pd¯pw Pew
\ndªncn¡pw. Imbv¡ v sh¨Xv AI¯pw ]pd¯pw
iq\yambncn¡pw.
28. \o kzoIcn¡p¶h\mIcpXv. AXpt]mse {KlW-
tbmKyamb hizq]hpamIcpXv. kIe Iev]\Ifpw ssI-
hn«v _m¡nbpffXn am{Xw Xev]\mbn `hn¡pI.
29. ZrjvSw, Zriyw, ZÀi\w ChbpsS hmk\ ssIhn«v
bmsXm¶n \n¶v ZÀi\¯nsâ B`mkap­mIp¶p.
B Bßmhns\ `Pn¡pI.
30. bmsXmcp\n kIe kIe k¦ev]§fpw im´-
ambncn¡p¶p. bmsXmcph\n PmlrXnbpw \n{Zbpw AI-
¶ncn¡p¶p, A§s\ shdpw ]md¡Ãp t]msebpff
AhØþ AXp Xs¶bmWv kzcq]mhØ.
c­ma[ymbw Ignªp.
XrXntbm²ymbw
1. Alakvan ]cÝmkvan {_Òmkvan
{]`mthm kvaylm
kÀhtemI KpcpÝmkvan kÀh temtImkvan
tkmkva ylw
 710
I 2. Altahmkvan kn²mkvan ipt²mkvan
]ctam kvaylw
Alakv]n kZmtkmkvan \ntXymkvan
hnatem kvaylw
3. hnÚmt\mkvan hntitjmkvan tkmtam
kvank Itemkvaylw
ipt`mkvan timIlot\mkvan ssNXt\ym
kvan ktam kvaylw
4. am\mham\ lotdmkvan \nÀKptWmkvan
inthm kvaylw
ssZzXmssZzX hnlot\mkvan Zzµz lot\m
kvantkm kvaylw
5. `mhm`mhhnlot\mkvan `mjm lot\mkvan
`kva ylw
iq\ymip\y {]`mthmkvan tim`\m
tim`t\m kvaylw
6. XqeymXpey hnlot\mkva n \nXyx ip²w
kZm inhx
kÀhm kÀh hnlot\mkva n kmXzntIm
kvan kZmkvaylw
1þ6 Rm³ `hn¡p¶p. Rm³ ]c\mbn `hn¡p¶p. Rm³
{_Òhpw {]`hhpamWv. Rm³ kÀhtemI Kpcphpw
kÀh temIhpamWv.Rm³ temIhpamWv. Rm³ kn²\pw
ip²\pw ]cakzcq]\pw \nXyhpw hnae\pamIp¶p.
R m ³ h nP v R m \ h p w h nt i j h p w t k m a \ p w
kIehpamIp¶p. ip`³ timIlo\³, ssNX\y³ ka³
CsXms¡ Rm\mWv . Rm³ am\mham\lo\\pw
\nÀKpW\pw inh\pw ssZzXm ssZzXholo\\pw `mjm
lo\\pw `mbpw ip\yip {]`mh\pw tim`\mi\pw Xpey-
hnlo\\pw \nXy\pw ip²\pw kZm inh\pw FÃm
Rm\mIp¶p. Rm³ kÀhmkÀh holo\\pw kmXzo
I\pw Bbn `hn¡p¶p.
8. GIkwJym hnlot\mkvan ZznkwJym
hm\lw \N
kZkZv t`Zlot\mkvan ]yJWvtUm
\µ hn{Klx
\mlakvan \Nmt\ymkvan tZlmZn
clntXm kvaylm
9. B{ibm{ibn lot\mkvan B[mcclntXm
kvaylm
_Ôtam£ hnlot\mkva n ipZv{_Òmkva n
tkmkva ylm
10. Nn¯mZnkÀhlot\mkva n ]ctamkvan
]cmtamkvao ]cmXv]c
N P
kZmhnNmc cqt]mkvan \nÀhnNmtcmkvan K
tkmkva ylw
8,9,10. Rm³ GIkwJym hnlo\\pw ZznkwJymhn-
lo\\pamWv. Rm³ kZkZv`m]lo\\pw AJWvUm\µ-
hn{Kl\pamWv. A\y\pw tZlmZn clnX\pamWv Rm³.
B{imbm{inbnlo\\pw ip²{_Òhpw Hs¡bmWv
Rm³. Nn¯m[nkÀhlo\³, t{ijvTXa³,]cmXv]c³,
hnNmccq]³, hnNmc³ Cu AhØIsfÃmw F\n¡p­v.
11. BImtcmImc cqt]mkvan
aImtcmkvan k\mX\w
[ym\m[ym\ hnlot\mkvan t[yblo
t\mkvan tkmkvaylw
12. kÀh{X ]qÀ® cqt]mkvan
k¨nZm\µ e£Ww
kÀh XoÀ°kzcqt]mkvan ]camßm kvaylw
13. e£yme£y holot\mkvan tab lo\x
inthm kvaylw
amXp am\hnlot\mkvan tab lo\x
iothm kvaylw
14. \ PKXv kÀhZyjvSmkvan t\{XmZnclntXm
kva ylw
{]_pt²mkvan {]_p²kvan {]mkt¶mkvan
ltcm kvaylw
15. kÀh{µnb hnlot\mkvan kÀhIÀ½
IrZhylw
kÀhthZm´ Xr]vtXmkvan kÀhZmky
et`mkva ylw
11,12,13,14,15. Rm³ AImc DImc aImc cq]\pw k\mX-
\\pamWv; [ym\w A[ym\w ChbnÃm¯h\pw t[yb
lo\\pw kÀh{X ]qÀ®cq]\pw k¨nZm\µ e£W\pw
BWv Rm³. AXpt]mse Rm³ kÀhXoÀ°kzcq]³,
]camßmhv, e£yme£yhnln\³,eblo\³, am\w
sN¿p¶h³, am\hnlo\³ tablo\³, inh³ Hs¡
Rm³ Xs¶. Rm³ kIe PK¯pw ZÀin¡p¶h\pw
t\{XmZnclnX\pw, {]_p²\pw, {]k¶\pw lwk\pw
kÀth{µnb hnlo\\pw kÀh IÀ½ Ir¯pw kÀh
thZm´ Xr]vX\pw kÀhZmkpe`\pw Bbn `hn¡p¶p.
16. apZnXm apZnXm tJymkvan kÀhau\
^tem kvaylw
\nXyw Nn·m{X cqt]mkvan
k¨n·tbm kvaylw
 711
I 17. bXv In©nZ]n lot\mkvan kZm
k¨n·tbm kvaylw
lrZb {KÙn lot\mkvan lrZbmw
_pPa[yKx
18. jUv hnImc hnlot\mkvan jUtImic
lntXm kvaylw
AcnjUzÀ¤ aptàm kvan A´cmZ´tcm
kvaylw
19. tZiIme hnapIvtXmkvan ZnKw_ckptJm
kv aylw
AkvX n\mkvXn hnaptàmkvan \Imcc
lntXm kvaylw
20. AJWvUmImi cqt]mkvan ]yJWvU mImc
akva ylw
{]]©apà Nnt¯mkvan {]]©
clntXmkv a ylw
16,17,1,8,19,20. Rm³ apZnX\pw AapZnX\pw kÀhau
\^ehpw \nXyNn·m{X cq]\pw k¨n·b\pw H¶pan
Ãm¯h\pw kZm k¨n·b\pw lrZb {KÙnlo\\pw
lrZbmw_pP a[yK\pw jUv hnlmchnlo\\pw
jUvtImilnX\pw Acnj kzÀ¤ apà\pw A´c¯nÂ
\n¶v A´chpw tZiImehnapà\pw ZnKw_ckpJ\pw
AkvXn\mkvXn hnapIvX\pw \ImcclnX\pw AJWvUm
Imicq]\pw AJWvUmImc\pw {]]©papIvXNn¯\pw
{]]©clnX\pw Bbn`hn¡p¶p.
1 bmÚ-h-evtIym-]-\n-j¯v 3
im´n-]mTw
Hmw ]qÀ®-aZx ]qÀ®anZw ]qÀ®mXv ]qÀ×-
ap-{Z-NytX ]qÀ®ky ]qÀ×-am-Zmb ]qÀ®-ta-hmh
injytX Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
B ]c-{_Ò kÀh-hn-[-¯nepw ]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶p. Cu
{]]-©hpw ]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶p. ]qÀ®-amb ]c-{_-Ò-¯nÂ
N P
21. kÀh{]Imi cqt]mkvan Nn·m{X K
tPymXnÀkva ylw
Ime{Xb hnaptàmkvan ImamZn
clntXm kvaylw
22. Ima\m`nÀ hnaptàmkvan \nÀKpWx tIhtem
kvaylw
bpànlot\mkvan aptàmkvan tam£lot\m
kvaylw kZm
23. kXymkXyhnlot\mkvan k·m{Xm
hm\lw kZm
K´hytZi lot\mkvan Ka\mZnhnhÀPnXmx
24. kÀhZmkacqt]mkvan imt´mkvan
]pcptjm¯ax
Ghw kzm\p `thm bky tkmlakvan
\ kwibw
bx irtWmXn kIrZzmln {_ssÒh `hXn
kzbw CXyp]\njXv
21, 22,23,24,25. Rm³ kÀh{]Imicq]\pw Nn·m{X tPymXn-
Êpw Ime{Xbhnapà\pw ImamZnclnX\pw Ima\mhn
anà\pw \nÀKpW\pw tIhe\pw apànlo\\pw apà
\pw tam£lo\\pw kXymkXyhnlo\\pw K´hy
tZilo\\pw Ka\ hnhÀPnX\pw F¶pw kacq]\pw
im´\pw ]pcptjm¯a\pw BIp¶p. C§s\sbÃmapff
kzm\p`ht¯mSpIqSnbh\mWv Rms\¶Xn kwib
anÃ. CXv Hcp {]mhiysa¦nepw tIÄ¡p¶h³ {_Òw
Xs¶bmbn `hn¡p¶p.
ssat{Xbp]\nj¯v kam]n¨p.
\n¶p-amWv Cu ]qÀ® {]]©w D­m-bn-«p-Å-Xv. ]qÀ®-
¯n \n¶v ]qÀ®-sa-Sp-¯mepw ]qÀ®w Xs¶ Ahti-
jn- ¡p-¶ p.
lcn Hmw AY P\tIm l sshtZtlm bmÚ-
h- e vI y- ap- ] -k -t a-t Xym-h mN `Kh³ k\ym-k -a \p
{_plo-Xn. IYw k\ym-k-e-£Ww k tlmhmN
bmÚ-hevIyx {_Ò-Ncyw kamly Krlo `thXv
 712
I Krlm-Zz\o `qXzm {]{h-tPXv bZn thX-cYm {_Ò-N-
cym- t Zh {] {h- t P- X v. Kr lm- Z zm- h - \ mZzmx AY
]p\À{hXo hm A{hXo hm kv \ mXtIm hm
Akv\m-XtIm hm DÕ-¶m-KvZnc \ántIm hm b
Zl-t ch hnc-t P- ¯ - Z- l - tch {]{h-t PXv XtZtI
{]mPm-]-Xym-ta-thãnw IpÀh´n AYhm \ Ipcym
Zmtá-¿m-tah IpcymXv AánÀln {]mWx {]mW-
ta-ssh-Xbm ItcmXn ss{X[m-h-Xo-bm-tah IpcymXv
GX-ssbh {Xtbm [mXthm bZpX kXzw cP-kvXa
CXn Abw tX tbm\nÀ EXzntPm btXm PmtXm
Atcm- N Ymx X w Pm\- ¶ á B tcm- l m- [ mtá
hÀ²bm cbn-anXy t\\ at{´m-Wm-ánam Pnt{LXv
Gj hm AtáÀ tbm\nÀb {]mWw KÑ kzmw
tbm\nw KÑ kzmtl-tXyh ta ssh XZm {Kmam-
Zán amlr-Xy-]qÀh-h-Z-án-am-Pn-t{LXv
]ns¶ Hcn-¡Â hntZ-l-cm-Pm-hmb P\-I³ bmÚ-h-
evIys\ kao-]n¨v ]d-ªp. `K-hm-s\, A§v R§Ä¡v
k\ym-km-{i-a-s¯- ¸än ]dªp Xcp-I. F´mWv k\ymk
e£Ww? At¸mÄ bmÚ-he - vIy³ ]dªp bYm-hn[n
{_Ò-N-cym-{iaw Ah-km-\n-¸n-¨X - n-\p-tijw Krl-Øm-{i-a-
¯n {]th-in-¡-Ww. Krl-Øm-{iaw A\p-jT v n¨v ]p{X-an-
{Xm-Zn-I-fpsS kpJ- saÃmw A\p-`-hn- ¨-Xn-\p- tijw hm\-{]- Ø-
\mbn k\ymkw {Kln-¡-Ww. AsÃ-¦n PntX-{µn-b-\m-sW-
¦n {_Ò-N-cy-¯n \n¶p Xs¶tbm Cãm-\p-k-cWw
Krl-¯n \nt¶m hm\-{]-Ø-¯n \nt¶m k\ymkw
kzoI-c n-¡mw. {hXntbm {hX-c -l n-Xt\m kv\mX- It\m
Akv\m-X-It\m Aán-tlm-{Xntbm A\-án-tlm-{Xntbm
Bcm-bmepw bYmÀ° sshcmKyw tXm¶n-bm-ep-S³ Xs¶
k\ymkw kzoI-cn-¡mw. AXn-\p-tijw {]Pm-]Xy bÚw
sN¿-Ww. AsÃ-¦n Btábn am{Xw sNbvXmepw aXn.
Fs´-¶m Aán Xs¶-bmWv {]mW³. Cu bÚw
sIm­v {]mW t]mjWw km[n-¡p-¶p. AsÃ-¦n ss{X[m-
h-Xobw (aq¶p [mXp-¡-sf, kXz-c-P-kvX-a-Êp-Is - f, kw_-
Ôn-¡p¶ bÚw) sN¿-Ww. aqe-a-{´-¯m Aánsb
{LmWn-¡-Ww. Atá, GsXmcp aqe-Im-c-W¯ - m-emtWm
A§v Dev]-¶-ambn {]Im- in¨p sIm­n-cn-¡p- ¶- Xv, AXv CXm-
Wv. AXp a\-Ên-em¡n A§v \Ã-h®w Pzen¨v R§-fpsS
sFiz-cyhpw k¼¯pw hÀ²n-¸n-¡p-w. CXp Xs¶ Aán-
bpsS aqe-Im-cWw Atá. A§v kztbm-\n-bm-Ip¶ {]mW-
\n {]th-in-¡p-I. ]n¶oSv {Kma-¯n \n¶pw Aán
sIm­p h¶v ap¼n-es¯ t]mse Aánsb {LmWn-¡p-I.
2. bZánw \ hntµ-Z]vkp Pplp-bm-Zmt]m ssh
kÀhmx tZhXm kÀhmt`ym tZh-Xmt`ym Pptlman
kzmtlXn kmPyw lhn-c-\m-abw tam£-a-{´-kv{X-
t¿hw thZ XZv {_Ò XZp-] m-k n- X hyw inJmw
btÚm]-hoXw OnXzm kwXrkvXw atbXn {Xnhm-
c-ap-¨-tcXv Gh-ta-ssh-XXv `K-h-¶nXn ssh bmÚ-
hevI yx
N P
Aán e`n-¨n-sÃ-¦n Pe-¯n tlman-¡-Ww. Pew
K
kÀh-tZ-h-Xm-a-ba - m-Wv. Rm³ kI-e-tZ-h·
- mÀ¡pw th­n
tlman-¡p¶p kzmlm C§s\ tlman¨v AXv `£n-¡-Ww.
AXv tcmK-\m- i- I- amb LrX- bpà lhn-Êm- Wv. tam£-a-{´w
sIm­p thZ-§sf {]m]n-¡p- . AXp Xs¶ {_Ò-sa¶ \ne-
bn D]m-kn-¡p. inJbpw btÚm]ho-Xhpw s]m«n¨v
Rm³ k\ymkw kzoI-cn¨v F¶v aq¶p {]mhiyw D¨-cn-¡-
Ww. P\-I, CXmWv hn[n.
3. AY s sl\ - a {Xnx ]{] - Ñ - b - Ú - h me v I yw
btÚm-]-hoXv IYw {_mÒW CXn k tlmhmN
bmÚ-hmevIyx CZw {]W-h-ta-hmky XZy-tÚm-
]-hoXw b Bßm {]miym-N -aymbw hn[n-c Y hm
]cn-{hm-k zn-h˨hmkm apW-A t[m A]-c n-{Klx
ipNn-c-t{Zmlo ss`£-amtWm {_Ò `qbmb `hXn
Gj ]Ùmx ]cn-{hm-P -Im\mw hocm-[ z\n hm\m-
isI f hm]mw {]thti hmán-{]-thti hm alm-
{]-Ømt\ hm Gj ]Ùm {_ÒWm lm\p-hn-¯-
kvtX- t\Xn k kw\ymko {_Ò-h n-ZnXn Ghta
sshj `K-h-¶nXn ssh bmÚ-hevIyx
]n¶oSv bmÚ-h-e vIy-t\mSv A{Xn-ap\n tNmZn-¨ p.
btÚm-]h - oXn F§s\ {_mÒ-W-\mIpw? bmÚ-h-
evIy³ ]d-ªp. Cu Hm¦mcw Xs¶- bmWv kw\ym-kn-bpsS
btÚm-]-ho-Xw. ]qÀthm-à-hn-[n{]-Imcw tlman¨v AXv
`£n¨v BN-a\w sN¿-Ww. AsXm¶p am{X-amWv hn[n.
C§s\ Imjmb hkv{X-[m-cn-bmb k\ymkn {_Ò-cq-]-am-
bn- ¯o-cp-¶p. AXmWv k\ym-kn-I-fpsS amÀ¤w. Pe- {]-thiw
Aán-{]-thiw hoc-KXn alm-{]-Øm\w F¶n-hb - nepw aäp-
Å-Xnepw Cu amÀ¤w Xs¶- bmWv {_Òw \nÀt±-in-¨n-«p-Å-
Xv. A§s\ k\ymkn {_Ò-Ú-\mbn `hn-¡p¶p `K-hm-
s\, CXmWv hn[n F¶v bmÚ-h-evIy³ ]d-ªp.
4. A{X ]c-a-l wtkm \ma kwhÀ¯-I m-c pWn
tizX-tIXp ZpÀhmk EXp-\n-Zm-L-Z¯ - m-t{Xb ipI-
hm- a - t Z- h - l m- c o- X I {]`p- X tbm hyà- e nwKm f
hyàm-N mcmx A\p-· ¯m D·-¯ -h-Zm-N -c ´x ]c-
kv{ Xo- ] p- c - ] -c m-M v ap-J mkv { Xo ZÞw Ia- Þ epw
`pà-]m{Xw Pe-]-hn{Xw inJmw btÚm ]hoXw
_ln-c -´ -tÝ-tXy-X Xv kÀhw `q kzmtl-X y]vk p
]cn- Xy-Pm-ßm-\-a- \zn-tÑ-X v.
]c- a-lw- k-·mÀ F¶ t]cn Adn- b-s¸- Sp¶ k\ym- kn-
amÀ t{ijvTc - m-Wv. Ahy-à-enw-K-[m-cn-Ifpw Ahy-àm-N-c-
Wcpw PmK-cq-I-sc-¦nepw D·-¯-sc-t¸mse {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-
h-cm-Wv. kwhÀ¯-I³ BcpWn lmco-X³ tizX-tIXp
ZpÀhm-k-Ê, EXp- \n- Zm-L³ Z¯m- t{X-b³ ipI³ hma- tZ- h³
XpS-§n-bh - À Cu hn`m-K-¯n s]Sp-¶p. AhÀ kpJ
ZpxJm\p-`-h-lo-\cpw ]c-kv{Xo-]p-c-]-cm-Mvap-Jcpw {XnZÞw
Ia-Þep `qà-]m{Xw Pe-]-hn{Xw inJ btÚm-]-hoXw
F¶o _mlyhpw B`y- ´- c- hp-amb FÃmw `qxkzmlm F¶p-
 713

I ¨-cn¨v XyPn¨v Bßm-\p-k-Ôm\w sN¿p-¶-h-cm-W.v {]mW-taXv Iw XZm-ßtÚm K

5. bYm PmX-cq-]-[cm \nÀZzµzx \njv]-cn-{K-lm-kX v - \ Imcyw IÀ½Wm XZm
Xz-{_-Ò - amÀt¤ kayIv k¼¶mx ip²-am-\ kmx 10. Cuiztcm Poh-I-ebm
{]mW-k-Ôm-c-WmÀ°w btYmà Imte-hn-aptàm {]hntãm `K-hm-\nXn
ss`£-am-N-c-¶p-Z-c-]m-t{XW em`m-em`u kau `qXzm
{]W-taXv ZÞ-hXv `qau
Ic-]m-t{XW hm Ia-Þ-eq-Z-It]m ss`£-am-Nc - -¶p-
Z-c-am{X kw{Kl ]m{Xm-´c iqt\ym Pe-Øe Ia- Bizm-NÞ- me tKmJcw
Þ-ep-c -_m-[-I-clx Øe-\n-tI-Xt\m em`m-em`u 11. amwk ]m©m-en-Im-bmkvXp
kau IrXzm iq\ym Kmc tZh- Krl XrW- I qS b{´ temtI f K]-Rv Ptc
hevaoI hr£-aqe Ipem-emán tlm{X-imem \Zo kv\mbz-Ø n-{]- Ùn-im-en\yx
]pfn\ Kncn-Ip-l -c-tIm-S-c-I-µ-c-\nÀQ-c-Ø -Þn-te-
kv{Xnbx Inanh tim`\w
jz-\n-tI-X-hmky {]bXv\x ip`m-ip-`I - À½ \nÀ½q-
e-\] - cx kw\ym-tk\ tZl-XymKw ItcmXn k ]c- 12. XzMv amw-k-cà - -_m-jv]mw_p
a-lwtkm \mtaXn ]rYIv IrXzm hntem-Nt\
P\n-¨-]-Sn-sb-¶-\n-enbn \nÀZz-µ-`m-ht- ¯msS \njv]- kam-tem-Ib cayw tNXv
cn-K3-l-·m-cmbn XXz {_Ò-amÀ¤-¯n ip²-a-\-kvIc - mbn Inw ap[m ]cn-ap-lykn
tIhew {]mW-c£ - -W-¯n\p am{Xw bYm-Imew FhnsS
X\n¡v ap¼v k\ymkw kzoI-cn-¨-h-s\bpw Xpey-
\n¶m-bmepw em`m-em-`m-Nn´ IqSmsX ssIbntem AsÃ-
[À½w BN-cn-¡p-¶-hs\ \a-kI v -cn-¡-Ww. aäm-scbpw Hcn-
¦n I]m-e-¯ ntem `n£ kzoI-cn¨v Ia-Þ-ep-h nse
¡epw ]mSn-Ã. hnj-bm-k-àÀ, \oN-·mÀ, Ie-l-{]n-b· - mÀ
shÅw IpSn¨v kt´m-j-t¯msS k©-cn-¡-Ww. hni-¸-S-
Zqjn-Xm- i- b-·mÀ Cu \ne-bn- epÅ k\ym- kn-amcpw D­m- Imw.
¡m³ am{Xta bmNn-¡m-hq. an¨w shbvt¡­-Xn-Ã. X\n¡v
\maw [maw Imaw AhØ F¶n-h-bvs¡Ãmw AXo-X- ambn
Ignªp IqSm³ GsX-¦nepw GIm-´hpw hnP-\-hp-amb
DbÀ¶ \ne-bn Bß-XXzw [cn¨ k\ymkn Bscbpw
Øm\w Is­-¯-Ww. iq\y-Kr-lw tZhm-ebw B{iaw
\a-kvI-cn-t¡-­-Xn-Ã. bYmÀ° k\ymkn kÀhhpw kzcq-
hevIoIw hr£-aqew Ipi-h-·m-cpsS Krlw bÚ-ime
]-¯n ImWp-¶-h-\m-Wv. Ah\v temI-¯n sNbvXp
\Zo-XSw Kpl ]md-IÄ apX-em-b-h-bn Ønc-ambn Krlw
XoÀ¡m³ Hcp IÀ½-hp-an-Ã. kI-e-]- ZmÀ°- §fpw bYmÀ°-
\nÀ½n-¡msX Ign-ªp-IqSn ip`m-ip-`-Nn´ IqSmsX k\ym-
k-\ym-kn¡v Xpey-am-Wv. Cuiz-c³ Poh-cq-]-¯n kIe
k- [À½- ¯n- en-cp¶v tZlw XyPn-¡p- ¶-h-\mWv ]cw-a- lw-k³.
Pohn-I-fnepw {]th-in-¨n-cn-¡p-I-bm-sW¶p a\-Ên-em¡n
6. Bimw-_tcm \ \a-kvImtcm \ Zmc-]p-{Xm-`n- IpXn-c-bm-bmepw NÞm-f-\m-bmepw ]ip-hm-bmepw Igp-X-
emjo e£ym-e -£ y-\ nÀh-¯ Iw ]cn-{hmSv ]c-ta- bm-bmepw Ah³ ZÞ-\a-kvImcw sN¿p-¶p. amwkmØn
iztcm `hXn Ass{XtX tÇmIm `h´n \nÀ½n-Xa - mb kv{Xo-icoc¯n F´mWv kuµcyw? Cu
ico-c¯- nse amwkw sXmen càw I®p-\oÀ F¶nh
\á-\mbn Bscbpw \a-kI v -cn-¡m-sX, FÃm-änepw ]c-
{]tXyIw thÀs]-Sp¯n t\m¡n-bm AXv kpµ-c-amtWm?
{_Òw I­v `mcym-]p-{Xm-Zn-If
- n-epÅ Bk-àn- IqSmsX
AXn tamln-¡m-s\-´n-cn-¡p¶p?
e£ym-e£y \nhÀ¯-I-\mbn kÀh-kzhpw Dt]-£n- ¡p¶
k\ymkn ]c-ta-iz-c-\m-Wv. AXns\ kw_- Ôn-¡p¶ tÇmI- 13. tacp irwK-X-tbm-Ãmkn
§-fn-Xm. KwKm-P-e-c-tbm-]am
7. tbm `thXv ]qÀh k\ymkn Zrãmh bkvan³ apt\-apàm
Xpteym ssh [À½tXm bZn lmc-tkym-Ãmk imen\m
Xkvssa {]Wmax IÀ¯thym 14. ivaim-t\jp ZnávtXjp
t\X-cmb IZm-N\ k Gh ee\m kvX\x
8. {]am-Znt\m _ln-Ýn¯m iz`n-cm-kzm-ZytX Imte
]nip\m Ie-tlm-ÕpImx eLp-]nÞ Chm-Ôkx
k\ym-knt\m f ]n Zriyt´ 15. tIi-I-Öp-f -[m-cntWym
tZh- k-µq-jn-X m-ibmx Zpkv]Àiu temN-\{- ]nbmx
9. \mam-Zn`yx ]tc `qav\n ZpjvIr-Xmán inJm \mtcym
kzcm-tPy-tNXv ØntXm f Zztb Zl´n XrW-h-¶cw

N P
 714

I 16. Pze\m AXn-Zqtc f ]n Ihpw ZpxJirw-J-eb - p-ambn kv{Xnbn \n¶v Cuiz-c³

K
kckm A]n \ockmx c£n-¡-s«. kv{XobpÅh\v t`mK-hm-RO v -bp-­v. kv{Xoc-ln-
X\v t`mK-sa- hnsS? kv{Xnsb Dt]-£n-¨h - ³ {]]©w shSn-
kv{Xntbm ln \c-Im-áo\m
ªp-sh¶v Icp-Xmw. {]]©w XyPn-¨m kpJw t\Smw.
anÔ\w Nmcp ZmcpWw ]p{X\pw ZpxJZm-bI - \- m-Wv. ]p{X-\n-sÃ-¦n amXm-]n-Xm-
17. Ima-\mav\m Incm-tX\ ¡Ä¡v ZpxJw KÀ`-]m{Xw {]k-h-th-Z-\m-t¢iw C§s\
hnIoÀ®m apKv [-tN-Xkx ]eXp D­m-hp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. ]p{X³ P\n-¨mepw {Kl-
\mtcym \c-hn-lw-Km\m _m[ tcmK-_m[ apX-em-bh D­m-Imw. ]p{X³ [qÀ¯-
\mbn F¶pw hcmw. D]-b-\¯ - n\p tijhpw aqV-\m-bn-
awK-_ -Ô-\- hm-Kpcmx
sb¶v hcmw. hnhm- lm- Zn- I-fnse XS-Êhpw ZpxJZm-b-I-am-Imw.
kv{XoIfpsS amdn-e-Wnª cXv\-ame tacp XS-¯nÂ
23. bp-\Ý ]c-Zm-cmZn
\nÀ¤- f n- ¡ p¶ KwK¡v Xpey- a m- W v . A§- s \- b pÅ
kv{XobpsS kvX\m-Zn-IÄ ivaim-\¯ - nepw aäpw tOZn-¡- Zmcn{Zyw N IpSpw-_n\nx
s¸«p InS-¡p-t¼mÄ ]«n-IÄ tNmdp-cpf t]mse Xn¶p-¶p. ]p{XZpxJky \mkvXyt´m
tImXn-sbm-Xp-¡nb Xe-ap-Snbpw ARvP-\-sa-gp-Xnb I®p- [\o tN{·n-btX XZm
amÀ¶ kv{Xo `bm-\-I-amb Aán-in-J¡p Xpeyw ]pcp-j- 24. \]m-Wn-]m-Z-N] - tem
·msc `kvao-I-cn-¡p-¶p. kv{Xo Zqsc sh¨p Xs¶ Zln-¸n-
\t\-{X-N-]tem bXnx
¡p-¶-hfpw kc-k-sa¶p tXm¶p-sa-¦nepw ck- lo-\bpw \c-
Im-án-bpsS CÔ-\-hp-am-W.v Ima-\m-Ip¶ thS³ a\pjy-cm- \ N hmIvN-]-es - sÝh
Ip¶ ]£n-Isf AI-s¸- Sp- ¯m³ hoin- b- h-e-bmWv kv{XoI- {_Ò-`qtXm PntX-{µnbx
sf¶p ]d-bmw. 25. cn]u _t² kztZ-tlN
18. P·-]-ez-e-a-Õym\mw kssa-Imßyw {]]-iyXx
Nn¯-I-± Àa-N m-cnWmw hnth-In\x IpXx tIm]x
]qwkmw ZpÀhm-k -\m-c-ÖpÀ kztZ-l m-h- b-thjznh
\mco _Un-i-]n-ÞnIm 26 A]-Im-cnWn tIm]-tÝXv
19. kÀthjmw tZmjm-c-Xv\m\mw tImt] tIm]x IYw \tX
kpk-ap-ZvK n-b-am-\ bm [À½mÀ°-I m-a-tam-£mWmw
ZpxJir-J-ebm \nXy {]kly ]cn-]-Ùn\n
ae-amkvXp aa kv{Xnbm 27. \tamkvXp aa tIm]mb
20. bkykv{Xo Xky t`mtKÑm kzm{i-b-RvPzm-ent\ `riw
\nkv{Xo-Iky Iz t`mK`qx tIm]ky aa sshcmKy
kv{Xnbw Xyàzm PK-¯yàw Zmbnt\ tZmj-t_m-[nt\
PKXv Xyàzm kpJo `h
bph-\-b-à-\mb ]p{X\v ]c-kv{Xo-I-fp-ambn Ahn-ln-
21. Ae-`y-am-\-kvX-\bx X-_Ôw D­m-Iptam F¶ `b-¯n\pw CS-bp-­v. hnhm-ln-
]nXcu t¢i-tb-¨ncw X-\m-bm k´m\ kwJy-hÀ²n-¡ptam F¶ `bhpw D­.
e_vt[m tl KÀ`-]m-tX\ ]p{X\n \n¶ ]e ZpxJ§-fp-ap-­m-Imw. [\-hm-\m-sW-
¦n ]p{X-\p-­m-hn-Ã. D­m-bm acn-¨p-sh¶pw hcpw.
{]k-th\ N _m[tX
C§s\ ]e-t¢-i- §Ä¡pw Imc-W-`q-X- bmb kv{Xosb Hgn-
22. PmX-ky-{K-l-tcm-KmZn hm- ¡- Ww. hnhm-ln- X- \m-I-cp- Xv. B `mK- t¯-¡pÅ Bkàn
Ipam-cky N [qÀ¯Xm Acp-Xv. Ic-N-c-W-§Ä t\{X- §Ä hm¡v F¶n-h-bn bXn-
D]-\ otX f ]yhn-ZyXz kw-b-an-bm-bn-cn-¡-Ww. PntX-{µn-b\ - mtb ]äq. F¶mte
a\p-Zzm-lÝ ]ÞntX {_Ò-a-b\ - m-Im³ km[n-¡q. i{Xphpw kmwkm-cn-I-_Ôw
tNÀ¶-Xp-amb ico-c-¯n GI-`mhw ImWp¶ Úm\-io-
P·-]ezme-¯n hkn-¡p-¶Xpw Nn¯-]-¦-¯n Ncn- e-\mb bXn¡v HmtcmSpw tIm]-an-Ã. a\p-jy\v kz´w Ah-
¡p-¶-Xpamb ]pcp-j- \m-Ip¶ aÕy-¯n\v ZpÀhm-k- \m-]mi b-h-§-fn tIm]w tXm¶m-dn-Ã-tÃm. Bsc-¦nepw \nc-]c - m-
_Ôn-X- amb Nq­-bmWv kv{XoIÄ. kÀh-tZm-j-cXv\ t]S- [n-I-fpsS t\À¡v tIm]w Im«n-bm B a\p-jy-t\mSv

N P
 715

I [mÀ½mÀ°-Im-a-tam-£-§-fpsS {]_ew i{Xp-hmb tIm]- 30. bXo\mw XZp-]m-tZbw K

t¯mSv F´p-sIm­v tIm]n-¡p-¶nà F¶v tNmZn-¡-Ww. ]mc-lwky ]cw ]Zw
kzm{i-b-s¯-¯s¶ Np«p Nm¼-em-¡p¶ tIm]-¯n\v
\mXx ]c-Xcw In©nXv
Fsâ \a- kvIm- cw. F\n¡v sshcmKyw \ÂIp- ¶Xpw tZmjw
Nq­n-¡m-Wn-¡p-¶-Xp-amb tIm]-¯n\v \a-kvIm-cw. hnZytX ap\n-]pw-Kh
CXyp-]- \ n-jXv
28. b{X kp]vXm P\m \nXyw
{]_p-²-kvX{X kwbao km[m-c-W¡ - m-c-\mb hyàn Dd-§p-t¼mÄ kwb-an-
bmb ]pcp- j³ DWÀ¶n-cn- ¡p-¶p. AXm-bXv hnj-bm-k- àn-
{]_p² b{X tX hnZzm³
bpsS L«-¯n kwban XnI¨pw PmK- cq-I-\m-Ip-¶p. km[m-
kpjp]vXnw bmXn tbmKn-cmSv c- W-¡mÀ DWÀ¶n-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ tbmKn kpjp- ]X v n- bn ebn-
29. NnZn-lm-kvXoXn Nn·m{X-þ ¡p-¶p. bXn {]]-©-¯n NnXv kzcq-]-\m-Wv. kI-e-kr-
anZw Nn·-b-ta-hN ãnbpw Nn{Zq-]-am-Ip-¶p. AJ-Þ -amb {_ÒmÞw Nn·-b-
am-Wv. Nn{Zq]w Xs¶-bmWv ka-kvX-hpw. Rm\pw Nn¯p
Nn¯zw NnZ-l-tatX N
Xs¶. kÀh-kr-ãnbpw Nn{Zq-]-am-Ip¶p. ap\n-h-cym, bXn-
temIm-Ýn-ZnXn `mhb IÄ¡v D]m-tZ-ba - m-bn-«p-ÅXv ]c-a-lw-ksâ ]c-a-]-Za- mb
tam£w Xs¶-bm-Ip-¶p. CXnepw D]-cn-bm-bn-s«m-¶p-an-Ã.
bmÚ-h-teym-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p

1 tbmK-IpWvUeyp]-\n-j¯v 3
im´n]mTw 3. GtXjmw e£Ww ht£y irWp KuXa
Hmw. k l\ mh hX p. k l \u `p\ àp . kmZcw
klhocyw Ichmh ssl. tXPkzn\mh[oX kpkv\nKv[ a[pcmlmcÝ kpÀ°mwti
akvX p. am hnZznjm hssl. hnhÀPnXx
{_Òw R§sf c­p t]scbpw c£n¡s«. AXv 4. `pPqtX inhkw{]ossXy anXmlmcx
R§sf c­p t]scbpw ]cn]men¡s«. R§Ä c­p k DNytX
t]cpw Hcpan¨v tbmKyX t\SpamdmIs«. R§Ä ]ckv] Bk\w Zznhn[w t{]màw ]Zvaw
cw hntZzjn¡mXncn¡s«. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx. h{Pmk\w XYm
5. DuÀthmcp ]cntN²t¯ Dt` ]mZXte bYm
H¶mw A²ymbw ]ßmk\w `thtZXXv kÀh]m] {]Wmi\w.
1. tlXp Zzbw ln Nn¯ky hmk\m
a\Ênsâ AØncXbv¡v ImcWw c­mWv. H¶p
N kaocWx
hmk\ c­maXv izmkw F¶nhbmWv. Chbn H¶p
Xtbm hn\njvS GIkvanw kvXZv XIcmdnembm atäXpw XIcmdnembn. AXn\m km[
hm]]n hn\iyXx I³ {][m\ambn sNt¿­Xv izms¯ AXmbXv {]mWs\
2. XtbmcmZu kaocky Pbw Ipcym \mcx kZm Pbn¡pI F¶XmWv . Ah³ anXmlmcw Bk\w
anXmlmc Ýmk\, N iàn iànNme\w Ch ioen¡Ww. KuXa, C\n Rm³ Ah
NmekvXrXobbx bpsS e£W§Ä ]dªp Xcmw. {i²tbmsS tIÄ¡pI.

N P
 716
I BZyambn kv\nKv[hpw a[pchpamb Blmcw Ign¡Ww.
hbdnsâ \mensemcp `mKw Hgn¨nSWw. inh{]oXyÀ°w
C§s\ anXmlmcw Ign¡Ww. Bk\§fn cs­®
amWv. {][m\w ]ßmk\hpw h{Pmk\hpw. c­p XpSI
fpsSbpw apIfnembn ]ckv]cw c­p ImepIfpsSbpw
]mZXe§sf t\sc shbv¡p¶XmWv ]Õmk\w. AXv
kIe ]m]§fpw \in¸n¡p¶XmWv.
6. hmamw {Ln aqeIµmt[m ]y\pw
XZp]cn£nt]Xv
ka{Koh incx Imtbm h{Pmk\anXocnXw.
7. IpWv Uteyh `thXv iànx Xmw Xp
k©me tbXv _p[x
kzØm\mZm{ZpthmÀ a[yw iànNme\
apNytX
8. XXv km[t\ Zzbw apJyw kckzXym kvXp
Nme\w
{]mWtcm[ aYw `ymk ZrPzo IpWvU en\o
`thXv
9. XtbmcmZu kckzXymÝme\w IYbman tX
AcpÔtXyh IYnXm ]pcmhnZv`nx kckzXn
10. bkym k©met\ ss\h kzbw NeXn
IpWv Ueo
CUmbmw hlXn {]mtW _[zm
]ßmk\w ZrVw
tbm\n Øm\¯v CSXp Imensâ D¸qän shbv¡p
Ibpw heXp Imensâ D¸qän AXn\p apIfnembn
shbv¡pIbpw Igp¯v Xe F¶nh t\sc \nhÀ¯pIbpw
sNbvX m AXv h{Pmk\ambn. IpWvU en\nbmWv
apJyiàn. Úm\nbmb km[I³ AXp Nen¸n¨v c­v
]pcnI§fpsSbpw a[y¯n sIm­pt]mIp¶p. CXp
Xs¶ iànNme\w. IpWvUen\o Nme\¯n\v c­p
apJyamb km[\Ifp­v. H¶v kckzXo Nme\w. atäXv
{]mW \ntcm[w. Npcp­p InS¡p¶ IpWvUen\n A`ym
kwsIm­v \nhÀ¶phcp¶p. BZyw kckzXoNme-
\s¯¸än ]dbmw. ]qÀhnIÀ, kckzXnsb AcpÔXn
F¶mWv ]dªncp¶Xv kckzXo\mUo Ne\¯mÂ
IpWvUen\n kzbw Nen¡p¶p. CSs¯ CUm\mUnbnÂ
IqSn izmkw {]hln¡pt¼mÄ ]ßmk\¯nencn¡Ww.
11. ZzmZimwKpe ssZÀLyw N Aw_cw
NXpcwKpew
hnkvXocy tX\ X¶mUnw thjvT bnXzm
XXx kp[o
12. AwKpjvT XÀP\o`ymw Xp lkvXm `ymw
[mctbXv ZrVw
kziàym Nmetb Zzm ta Z£nWu
]p\x ]p\x
N P
13. aplqÀ¯ Zzb ]cy´w \nÀ`bm¨me K
tbZv kp[ox
DuÀ[zmamIÀjtbXv In©nXv kpjva v\mw
IpWvU enKXmw
14. tX\ IpWvUen\o Xkymx kpjpav\ mbmx
apJw {htPXv
PlmXn XkvamXv {]mtWm bw kpjp·mw
{hPXn kzbw
15. Xptµ Xp XmWw Ipcym¨ IWvT
kwtImN\ IrtX
kckzXym Ýmet\\ h£KtÝmÀ
[ztKm acpXv.
]{´­v AwKpew \ofhpw \mev AwKpew hoXnbp
apÅ BImi Ipe§sf k¦ev]n¨v IpWvUen\nsb
NpäWw. ]ns¶ CSs¯bpw hes¯bpw \mknImc{Ô
§sf XÅhnc sIm­pw Nq­phnc sIm­pambn
]nSn¨v BZyw he¯p `mK¯pÅ \mknIbn IqSnbpw
]n¶oSv CSs¯ \mknIbn IqSnbpw ho­pw ho­pw
tcNI ]qcI§Ä sN¿Ww. AtXmsSm¸w AXns\ Nn´
bneqsS heXpw CSXpw `mK§Ä ho­pw ho­pw Nen¸n
¡Ww. C§s\ Hcp aplqÀ¯ kabw kckzXo Nme\w
sN¿Ww. ]ns¶ IpWvUen\n¡p kao]apÅ kqjvav\
\mUnsb Aev]w apIfnte¡v BIÀjn¡Ww. C§s\
A`ykn¡pt¼mÄ IpWvU en\n kpjva v\bpsS apJ¯v
{]thin¡p¶p. At¸mÄ {]mW\pw kzbw BØm\w
hn«v kp£va v\bn {]thin¡p¶p. hbdv apIfnte
bv¡mIÀjn¨v Igp¯v kt¦mNn¸n¨v kckzXo Nme\w
sN¿pt¼mÄ hmbp lrZb¯n \n¶pw apIfnte¡v
Kan¡p¶p.
16. kqtcyW tcNtbZzmbpw kckzXym
kvXp Nmet\
IWvT kt¦mN\w IrXzm h£K
tÝmÀ [ztKm acpXv
17. Xkva mXv k©metb¶nXyw i_vZKÀ`mw
kckzXow
Xkymx k©met\ ss\h tbmKo tcmssKx
{]apNytX
18. Kpevaw PtemZcw ¹olm tb Nmt\y
Xpµ a[yKm
kÀthXp iàn Nmte\ tcmKmx
\iy´n \nÝbw
19. {]mWtcmLatYZm\ow {]h£yman kamkXx
{]mWÝ tZltKm hmbpcmbmax
Ip`Ix kvarXx
 717
I 20. k Gh [znhn[x t{]màx klnXx
tIhe kvXYm
bmhXv tIhe kn²nx kym ¯mhXv
klnXa`ytkXv
kckzXo Nme\w sN¿pt¼mÄ he¯pÅ kqcy
\mUnbn IqSn hmbphns\ tcNIw sN¿Ww. IWvTw
kt¦mNn¸n¨m hmbp lrZb¯n \n¶pw apIfntem«v
t]mIpw. C§s\ i_vZ KÀ`amb kckzXo Nme\w
CShnSmsX sN¿Ww. CXp ioen¨m tbmKn kIe tcmK
§fn \n¶pw hnapà\mIpw. iàn Nme\¯mÂ
\in¡pw. {]mW \ntcm[\s¯¸än C\n ]dbmw. tZl
k©mcnbmb hmbphns\ {]mWs\¶p ]dbp¶p. AXv
Øncambncn¡p¶ AhØbmWv Ipw`Iw. AXv klnX
Ipw`Iw, tIhe Ipw`Iw F¶v c­p hn[ap­v. tIhe
Ipw`I ØnXn ssIhcp¶Xp hsc klnX Ipw`Iw
A`yknt¡­Xp­v.
21. kqtcymÖmbo ioXfn N `kv{Xo
ssNh NXpÀ°nIm
t`ssZtch kaw Ipwt`m bx kymXv
klnX Ipw`Ix
22. ]hnt{X \nÀPt\ tZti iÀ¡cmZn hnhÀPntX
[\px {]amW ]cyt´ ioXmán PehÀPntX
23. ]hnt{X \mXyp¨ \o tN lymkt\
kpJtZ kptJ
_² ]ßmk\w IrXzm kckzXymkvXp
Nme\w
24. Z£\mUym kam Irjy _lnjvT
]mh\w iss\x
btYjvSw ]qctb Zzmbpw tcNtb ZnUbm XXx
25. I]me tim[t\ hm]n tcNtbXv
]h\w iss\x
btYjvSw ]qctb Zzmbpw tcNtb ZnUbm XXx
25. I]me tim[t\ hm]n tcNtbXv
]h\w iss\x
NXpjvIw hmXtZmjw Xp Iran tZmjw
\nl´n N
kqcy³, DÖmbn, ioXfn, `kv{XnI F¶o \mep
hn[apÅ {]mWmbma§tfmsSm¸w klnX Ipw`Iw sN¿
Ww. GIm´hpw ]cnip²hpw IÃpw I«bpw CÃm¯Xpw
ASp¯v ]pÃv, Xo¿v, Pew F¶nhbnÃm¯Xpw A[nIw
XmgvNtbm DbÀ¨tbm CÃm¯Xpw ASp¯v ]pÃv, Xo¿v,
Pew F¶nhbnÃm¯Xpw A[nIw XmgvNtbm DbÀ¨tbm
CÃm¯Xpw Bb hnip² Øe¯v kpJambn _²
]ßmk\¯nencp¶v kckzXo Nme\w sN¿Ww.
I]metim[\¯nepw hmbphns\ kmh[m\¯n ]pd-
N P
t¯bv¡v hnSWw. Cu {InbbpsS ^eambn FÃm hn[ K
hmXtcmK§epw IrantZmjhpw CÃmXmIpw.
26. ]p\x ]p\cnZw Imcyw kqcyt`Z apZmlrXw
apJw kwbay \mUoZym amXrjy
]h\w iss\x
27. bYm{] KXn IWvTm¯p lrZbmh[n kkz\w
]qÀhhXv Ipw`tbXv {]mWw tcN tb
ZnUbm XXx
28. ioÀtjmZnXm\elcw KftÇjlcw ]cw
kÀh tcmKlcw ]pWyw tZlm \ev hn\mi\w
29. \mUo PtemZcw [mXp KX tZmj hn\mi\w
KÑI kXvjTXx Imcy apÖmbmJyw
30. Pnlzbm hmbphmIrjy ]qÀh
hXv Ipw`ImZ\p
iss\kvXp {LmW c{Ôm `ymw tcNtb
Z \newkp[o
31. Kpev] ¹olmZnIm³ tZmjm³ £bw
]n¯w Pzcw Xrjmw
hnjmWn ioXfn \ma Ipw`tIm bw
\nl´n N.
kqcyt`Zn F¶mWv Cu {]{InbbpsS t]cv. CShn
SmsX CXv A`ykn¡Ww. C\n DÖmbn. hmbv AS¨p
aq¡nsâ c­p Zzmc§fn IqSnbpw hmbphns\ kmh[m
\¯n DÅnte¡v hen¡Ww. At¸mÄ AXv i_vZt¯m
sS Igp¯papXÂ lrZbw hsc \ndbpw ]ns¶ ]gb
t]mse Ipw`Iw sNbvX v CSs¯ aq¡n IqSn tcNIw
sN¿Ww. AXnsâ ^eambn Xebnse DjvWw Igp¯n
se I^s¡«v apXemb ]e tcmK§fpw ian¡p¶p;
PTcmánbpw hÀ²n¡pw aäp tcmK§Ä¡pw iaw In«pw.
Cu DÖmbn Ipw`Iw k©cn¡pt¼mgpw sNbvXp sIm-
­ncn¡mw. ioXfn F¶ {]mWmbmaw sN¿pt¼mÄ hmbn
hns\ \m¡n IqSn hen¨v ap¼nes¯t¸mse Ipw`Iw
sN¿Ww. ]ns¶ kmh[m\¯n aq¡neqsS tcNIw
sN¿mw. Kpevaw ¹ol ]n¯w Pzcw Zmlw Ch ian¡m³
Cu {]tbmKw D¯aamWv.
32. XXx]ßmk\w _[zm ka{Kothm Zcx kpJo
apJw kwbay bmtXm\ {LmWw
{LmtW\ tcNtbXv
33. bYm eKXn IWvTm¯p I]mte
kkz\w XXx
thtK\ ]qctbXv In©nXv lrXv
]ßmh[n amcpXw
34. ]p\À hntcNtbXv XZzXv ]qctb¨ ]p\x ]p\x
bssYh temlImcmWmw `kv{Xm thtK\
NmeytX
 718
I 35. XssYh kz icocØw Nme tbXv
]h\w iss\x
bYm {ita `thXv tZtl XYm
kqtcyW ]qctbXv
36. btYmZcw `thXv ]q˨w ]ht\\
XYm eLp
[mcb³ \mknIm a[yw XÀP\o`ymw
37. Ipw`Iw ]qÀhhXv IrXzm tcNtbZn Ubm\ew
IWvt Tm ²nXzm \nelcw icocmán
hnhÀ²\w
38. IpWv Ueo t_m[Iw ]pWyw ]m]Lv\w
ip`ZwkpJw
{_Ò \mUo apJm´Ø I^ ZpÀKÔ
\mi\w
39. KptWm{XbkapZv `qX {KÙn {Xb hn`ZIw
hntitjssW h IÀ¯hyw `kv{XmwJyw
Ipw`Iw XznZw
`kvXnI F¶ {]mWmbmaw hnhcn¡p¶p. ]ßmk
\¯nencp¶v Igp¯pw tZlhpw \nhÀ¯n hmbS¨v kmh
[m\w aq¡n IqSn tcNIw sN¿pI. ]ns¶ hmbphns\
thK¯n i_vZt¯msS Igp¯v A®m¡v Xetbm«n
lrZbw F¶nhbv¡ v AXnsâ kv] Ài\w A\p`h
s¸Sp¯¡hn[w BIÀjn¡Ww hmbpshfnbn h«v
ho­pw ]qcIw sN¿Ww. Cu {]{Inb sImÃsâ Desb
t¸mse XpScWw. C§s\ icoc¯nse hmbphns\
\nb{´n¨v Nen¸n¡pI. t¢iw tXm¶nbm kqcy\mU
aptJ\ ]qcIw sNbvX v Nq­mWn hnc HgnsIbpÅ
\mep hncepIÄ sIm­v aq¡nsâ a[yw ZrVambn ]nSn¨v
Ipw`Iw sN¿Ww. ]ns¶ CSs¯ aq¡neqsS tcNIw
sN¿Ww. icocmán hÀ²n¸n¡m³ CXv D]Icn¡pw.
IpWvUensb DWÀ¯pw ]pWyIchpw ]m]\miIhpam
WnXv. kpjpav\ bpsS apJs¯ ^emZnIÄ CXp aqew
\in¡pw. {XnKpWmßI§fmb aq¶p {KÙnIsfbpw t`Zn
¡p¶XmWnXv. `kvXnI F¶p t]cpÅ Cu {]mWmbmaw
{]tXyIw A`yknt¡­XmWv.
40. NXpÀWma]n t`Zm \mw Ipw`tI
kap]ØntX
_Ô{Xb anZw Imcyw tbmKn`nÀ
hoXI·ssjx
41. {]Ytam aqe_ÔkvXp ZznXotbmÍob
\m`n[x
PmeÔc kvXrXob kvXp tXjmw e£W
apNytX
42. At[m KXn a]m\w ssh DuÀ[zKw IpcptX
_emXv
AIp©t\\ Xw {]mlpÀ aqe _tÔm
bapNytX
N P
43. A]mt\ tNmÀ [ztKm bmtX K
kw{]m]vtX hÓn aWvUte
XtXm \e inJm ZoÀLm hÀ²tX
hmbp\m lXm
44. XmtXm bmssX hÓy am \u hmbp
tÇjva kzcq]Iw
tX\mXy´ {]Zo]vtX\ Pzet\
tZlPkvXYm
45. tX\ Ip WvU en\ o kp ] v X m k wX ] v X m
kw{]_p[ytX
ZWvUmlXp `pPwKoh \nx izky
EPqXmw {]tPXv
C§s\ \mep hn[¯nepÅ {]mWmbma§Ä ioen
¡p¶tXmsSm¸w tbmKn aq¶p _豈 IqSn sN¿Ww.
H¶v aqe_Ôw c­v DÍobm\w aq¶v PmeÔc_Ôw.
At[mKat\m·pJamb A]m\s\ iàntbmsS KpZ¯n
sâ B Ip©\¯m apIfntebv¡p sIm­pt]mIp¶Xp
sIm­v AXv aqe _ÔamWv A]m\³ apIfnte¡p
t]mbn. AánaWvU ehpambn tNcpt¼mÄ AXnsâ
{]`mh¯m Aán DÖzeamIpw. AsXmsS Dd§n¡nS
¡p¶ IpWvUen\n DWcpw; hSnsIm­v ASntbä s]¬
kÀ¸s¯t¸mse ^qXvImct¯msS AXv EÖphmIp¶p.
46. _ne {]tZitXm b{X {_Ò \mUy´cw
{]tPXv
Xkvam¶nXyw aqe_Ôx IÀ¯thym
tbmKn`nx kZm
47. Ipw`Imt´ tcNImZu IÀ¯thym
tbmKn`nx kZm
47. Ipw`Imt´ tcNImZu IÀ¯
hykvXp ÍnbmWIx
_tÔm tb\ kpjpav\mbmw {]mW
kvXpÍo btXbXx
48. Xkva m ZpÍob Wm tJym bw tbmKn`nx
kapZm KrXmx
kXn h{Pmkt\ ]mZu Icm`ymw
[mctbXv ZrVw
49. Kpev^ tZi kaot] N Iµw b{X
{]]oUtbXv
]Ýnaw XmWapZtc [mctbXv lrZtb itf
50. iss\x iss\³ bYm {]mWkvXpµ
kÔow \nKÑXn
XpµtZmjw hn\nÀ [qb IÀ¯hyw kXXw
iss\x
AsXmsS AXv amf¯n {]thin¡p¶Xpt]mse
kpjpav\bn {]thin¡p¶p. AXpsIm­v tbmKnIÄ
 719

I aqe_Ôw F¶pw A`ykn¡Ww. Ipw `Iv¯n\p tijw 56. Znhmkp]vXnÀ \nimbmw Xp PmKcmZXn K
tcNI¯n¶pap­v DÍobm\ _Ôw sN¿Ww. At¸mÄ ssaYp\mXv
{]mWhmbp kpjpav\bpsS DÅn ]d¡p¶p. AXpsIm _lpkw{IaWw \nXyw tcm[m³
­p Xs¶bmWv C§s\sbmcp t]À Xs¶ In«nbXv aq{X]pcojtbmx
(DÍb\w sN¿pI. ]d¡pI) CXn\v h{Pmk\Ø\mbn
57. hnjamk\ tZmjmÝ {]bmk
ImepIsf ssIsIm­v ZrVambn ]nSn¡Ww. IW¦men\
{]mWNn´\mXv
Sp¯v IcpØm\§Ä aÀ±n¡Ww. hbdv taevt]m«mIÀ
jn¨v lrZbhpw IWvT \o«n¸nSn¨v hen¡Ww. C§s\
io{LapXv]ZytX tcmKx kvXw ` tbZy
sN¿pt¼mÄ {]mW³ hbänse kÔnIfn {]thin¡p
Zn kwbao
Ibpw hbänse kÀ tZmj§fpw AIäpIbpw sN¿pw. 58. tbmKm`ymtk\ ta tcmK Dev]¶n
AXn\m Cu A`ymkw F¶pw sN¿Ww. CXn IYytX

51. ]qcImt´ Xp IÀ¯thym _tÔm XtXm `ymkw XytPtZhw {]Yaw

PmeÔcm`n[x hnLv\ apNytX

IWvT kt¦mN cqt]m ku hmbp 59. ZznXobw kwibm Jym N XrXobw

amÀ¤ \ntcm[Ix N {]a´Xx

52. A[kvXmXv Ip©t\\mip IWvT BekymJyw NXpÀ°w N \n{Zm cq]w

kt¦mNt\ IrtX Xp ]©aw.
at[y ]Ýna XmtW\ kymXv {]mtWm 60. jjvT XphcXnÀ {`m´nx k]vXaw
{_Ò\mUnIx ]cn IoÀ¯nXw

53. ]qÀthmtà\ {ItassWh kayØnXx hnjaw NmjvSaw ssNh A\mJym

Nme\w Xp kckzXyx IrXzm {]mWw
\ntcm[tbXv
54. {]Yta Znhtk Imcyw Ipw`Im\mw
NXpjvSbw
{]tXyIw ZikwJymIw ZznXotb
]©`nkvXYm
55. hnwiXpew XrXotb án ]©hr²ym
Znt\ Znt\
IÀ¯hyx Ipw`tIm \nXyw _Ô {Xb
ka\znXx
IWvT kt¦mN\w sN¿p¶Xv. PmeÔc_²¯nÂ
hmbphns\ \ntcm[¡m\mWv. Cu _Ôw ]qcImÔ
¯n sN¿Ww. Xmsg aqe_Ôw aptJ\ KpZs¯ B
Ip©\w sNbvXp apIfn \n¶pw PmeÔc¯m IWvT
kt¦mN\w sNbvXv a[y¯n ]Ýna Xm\w AXmbXv
DÍnbm\w aptJ\ {]mWs\ BIÀjn¡Ww. C§s\
FÃm `mK¯p\n¶pw \ntcm[¡s¸« {]mW³ kpjpav\
bn Ibdp¶p. kqNn¸n¨ {]Imcw \Ãt]mse Bk\Ø
\mbn kckzXoNme\w sNbvXv {]mWs\ \ntcm[n¡Ww.
BZy Znhkw \miIpw`I§fpw ]¯pXhW sN¿Ww.
c­mw Znhkw Ccp]Xp XhW; aq¶mw Znhkw Ccp]Xp
XhW; C§s\ Hmtcm Znhkhpw A©p XhW hÀ²n
¸¡Ww. Cu Ipw`Im`ymkw aq¶p _Ô§tfmSp IqSn
\nXyhpw sNt¿­Xp­v.
\haw kvarXw
61. Ae_v[nÀ tbmK XXzky Ziaw
t{]mNytX _pss[x
CtXy\ ZznLv\ ZiIw hnNmtcW
XytPXv _p[x
]Iepd¡w cm{Xn Dd¡anf¸v AXnssaYp\w; Gsd
\S¯w, aeaq{X \ntcm[\w, Bk\ sshjayw, \nÀ_
Ôn¨pff {]mWmbmaw Cu tZmj§fm tcmKw D­mImw
AXpI­v tcmK¯n\p ImcWw tbmK`ymksa¶ tXm¶
ep­mImw. A§\s¯ tbmKm`ym ]cnXymKw H¶mas¯
hnLv\amWv, c­mas¯ hnLv\w kwibw, aq¶p {]a
¯X, \mev Bekyw, A©v AXn \n{Z Bdv hncXn,
Ggv {`m´n, F«v hnjaX, H³]Xv A\mJy ]¯mat¯Xv
tbmKXXz¯nsâ A{]m]vXn. hnhcapff km[I³ Nn´n
¨v Ah ssIhntS­Xp­v.
62. {]mWm`ymkkvXXx Imtcym \nXyw
kXzØbm [nbm
kpjpav\m eobtX Nn¯w \N
hmbpx {][mhXn
63. ipjvtI ate N tbmKo N kymZv \ Xn
ÝmenXm XXx
At[mKXn a]m\w ssh DuÀ[zKw
IpcptX _emXv

N P
 720
I 64. BIp©t\\ Xw {]mKpÀ aqe
_tÔmb apNytX
A]m\ tÝmÀ [ztKm `qXzm hÓn\u
kl KÑXn
65. {]mWØm\w XtXm hÓnx {]mRm]m\u
N kXzcw
anfnXzm IpWvTeow bmXn {]kp]vXm
IpWvUemIrXnx
66. tX\mán \m Nk´ ]vX m ] h t\ss\
h NmenXm
{]kmcy kz icocw Xp kpjpav\m hZ\m´tc.
C§s\ {]mWmbmaw \nbanX cq]¯n kmXznI
_p[ym A`ykn¡Ww. AXnsâ ^eambn Nn¯w
kpjpav\bn ebn¡p¶p. AXn {]mW hmbp HmS¶p.
aetim[\bv¡p tijw {]mW³ Ne¡m³ XpS§pt¼mÄ
{]bXv \ ]qÀhw A]m\s\ DuÀ[zKXnbnte¡v \bn¡
Ww. CXn\pff KpZmIp©\ {]{Inb¡v aqe_Ôw F¶p
t]À. A]m\³ apIhnXse¯n Aánbpambn tbmPn
¡p¶p. ]ns¶ {]mWhmbphpambpw tbmPn¡pt¼mÄ
{]mW³ \n{Zbnemb IpWvU eo\nsb {]m]n¡p¶p.
t¸mÄ AXnsâ DjvW¯m Nen¡s¸Sp¶ IpWvUen\n
icnbmb hn[¯nembn h{P¯n {]thi¡p¶p.
67. {_Ò {KÙnw XtXm `nXzm ctPm
KpWkapZv `hw
kpjpav\m hZt\ io{Lw hnZyptÃtJh
kwØptcXv
68. hnjvWp {KÙnx {]mbmXyp ss¨x kXzcw
lrZn kwØnXw
DuÀ[zw KÑXn b¨mkvtX cp{Z {KÙnw
XZpÛhw
69. {`qthmÀ a[yw Xp kw`nXy bmXn
ioXmw ipaWvUew
A\mlXmwJyw b¨{Iw Zssf
tjmUi`nÀbpXw
70. X{X ioXmw ip kwPmXw {Zhw
timjbXn kzbw
NentX {]mWthtK\ cà Nn¯w
chnÀ {KlmXv
ctPmKpW¯n \n¶p­mb {_Ò{KÙn t`Zn¨v Cu
IpWvUen\o iàn kpjpav\bv¡pffn hnZyp¯nsâ
tcJt]mse tim`n¡p¶p. AXnthKw AXv lrZb¯nse
hnjvWp {KÙnsb {]m]n¨v apIfn BÚm N{I¯n
se¯n AhnsS cp{Z{KÙnsb {]m]n¡pIbpw AhnsS
\n¶v c­p]pcnI§fpsSbpw a[yØm\w t`Zn¨v N{µ
aWvUe¯nse¯pIbpw AhnsS ]Xn\mdp Zf§tfmSp
N P
IqSnb A\mlX N{I¯n N{µ\n \n¶v D­mIp¶
K
{Zhs¯ DW¡n¡fbpI am{Xaà {]mWhmbphnsâ
thK¯m kqcy³ càs¯bpw {Kln¡p¶ ØnXn
hntijw kwPmXamIp¶p.
71. bmtXµp N{Iw b{XmkvtX ip²
tÇjva {ZhmßIw
X{X knàw {KkXypjvWw IYw
ioX kz`mhIw
72. XssYh c`km ip¢w N{µ cq]w ln X]ytX
DuÀ[zw {]hlXn _p_vt[m XssZhw
{ihtX Xcmw
73. \kymkzmZhim¨n¯w _lnjvSw
hnjtajvT bXv
XtZh ]caw `pàzm kzØkymß
ctXm bphm
74. {]IrXymjvSI cq]w N Øm\w KÑXn
IpWv Ueo
t{ImUoIrXy inhw bm{Xn t{ImUoIrXy
hneobtX
75. CXyt[mÀ[z cPx ip¢ inth XZ\p amcpXx
{]mWm ]m\u kau bmXn kl PmXu
XssYh N
N{µaWvU e¯n t]mbn AXv AhnSs¯ {Zh
]ZmÀ°w timn¸n¨v AXns\ NqSpffXm¡pw. At¸mÄ
AhnsS XWps¸§s\? CXv N{µsâ ip¢ cq]w X]vX
am¡n {]£p_v[ambn apIfn Ibdp¶p. XXv^eambn
_mly ]ZmÀ°§fn I]qInbncp¶ Nn¯w ]camßm
hn ebn¨v Bßm\µa\p`hn¡p¶p. C§s\ IpWvU
en\n F«p hn[¯nepff {]IrXn {]m]n¨v inht\mSp
tNÀ¶v AXn ebn¡p¶p. AXn\m Xmgs¯ cPÊpw
apIfnse ip¢hpw tbmPn¨v inh\n hnebw {]m]n¡p
¶p. {]mW\pw A]m\\pw kam\cq]¯n klPm-
XcmbXn\m c­pw Ahbn s¶ ebn¡p¶p.
76. `qtXybvt] Nat\mevt] hm hmNtX
XzXn hÀ[tX
[mhXyJne hmXÝ Aánaqjm lncWyhXv
77. B[n `uXnItZlw Xp B[n
ssZhnI hn{Ktl
tZmtlm Xn hnaew bmXn NmXnhmlnI
XmanbmXv
78. PmUy`mh hn \nÀ apà aaew Nn·bmßIw
XkymXnhmlnIw apJyw kÀthjmw Xp
aZmßnIw
 721
I 79. Pmbm `hhn \nÀapànx Ime cq]ky hn{Zax
CXn Xx kzkzcq]m ln aXo cÖp `pPwKhXv
80. hrssjthm t`Xn kIew hrssjh
{]hneobtX
cu]y_p²nx ipàn Imbmw kv{Xo]pwtkmÀ
{`atXm bYm.
sNdpXmbmepw `uXnIicocw DjvW w hÀ²n¡p
t¼mÄ kzÀ®w t]mse X]n¡p¶p;hym]n¡p¶p. CXnsâ
{]`mh¯m B[n`uXnI icocw B[n ssZhnamIp¶p.
hnIeambn AXv kq£va icoc XpeyamIp¶p. C§s\
bpÅ km[I\v ]p\ÀP·anÃ. Ime\pw Ahs\ \nb{´n
¡m³ IgnhnÃ. bYmÀ° Úm\w Ah³ t\Sp¶p.
Ibdn kÀ¸ {`m´nbpw Nn¸nbn cPX{`m´nbpw
kv{Xobn ]pcpj {`m´nbpw D­mImdp­tÃm. km[I\v
Xsâ tZls¯ kw_Ôn¡p¶ {`a§Ä anYysb¶v
t_m[yamIp¶p.
81. ]nWvU{_ÒmWv UtbmsscIywenK
kq{Xmß t\mc]n
kzm]mhymIrXtbmsscIyw kz{]Imi
NnZmßt\mx
iànIpWvU en\o \ma _nkX´p\n`m ip`m
aqeIµw ^Wmt{KW Zrjv SzmIaeIµhXv
83. aptJ\ ]pÑw km Krly {_Ò c{Ô
ka\znXm
]ßmk\ KXx kztØm KpZamIpWvUym
km[Ix
84. hmbpaqÀ[zKXw IpÀh³Ipw`
ImhnjvSw am\kx
hmbzLmX himZánx kzm[njvTm\KtXm
Pze³
85. Pze\mLmX ]h\mLmssXx cp¶n{ZntXm
lncmSv
{_Ò {KÙnw XtXm `nXzm hnjvWp
{KÙw `n\cyXx
86. cp{Z {KÙnw N `n ssXyh Ihem\n
Zn\¯n jSv
kl{kIate iànx inth\ kl tamZtX
sskhmhØm ]cmtÚbm sskh
\nÀhrXn ImcnWo. CXn.
AXn\m ]nWvUhpw {_lmamWvUhpw ewK ico-
chpw GIo`hn¨v Xsâ Bßmhv kzbw {]Imi cq]hp
amb ssNX\y¯m GIo`hn¡p¶p. IpWvU en\o
iàn Xmac \qen\v XpeyamWv. AXv Iae Iµw t]mse
aqeIµs¯ ^Wm{K¯n I­ ]pÑw hmbn \nt£
N P
]n¨v {_Òc{Ô apJs¯ BhcWw sNbvXv Dd§ns¡m K
­ncn¡p¶p. AXn¶mbn km[I³ ]ßmk\Ø\mbn
KpZw BIp©\w sNbvXv Ipw`I¯m hmbphns\ apI
fntem«v IbäWw. hmbphnsâ iànbm kzm[njvTm\
N{I¯ nse Aá nsb DÖ zen¸n¡ Ww. At¸mÄ
AánhmbzmLmX¯m kpjp]vXnbn apgpInbncp¶
IpWvUen\n DWcp¶p. {_Ò {KÙn, hnjvWp{KÙn,
cp{Z{KÙn, jSvN{Iw F¶nhsb t`Zn¨v kl{k IaeZf-
¯nse¯p¶p. AhnsS inh\pambn iàncq]¯nÂ
kwtbmPn¨v tam£ZmbIhpamb AhØmhntijw.
c­mw A[ymbw
1. AYmlw kw {]h£yman hnZymw tJNcn
kwÚn Imw
bYm hnÚm\ hm\kym temtI
kvan ¶Ptcm acx
2. arXyp hym[n Pcm{K kvX ZrjvSzm hnZym
anamw apt\
_p²n ZrV Xcmw IrXm tJNco
Xp ka`ytkXv
3. Pcm arXyp PcmLv\ bx tJ Ncow
th¯n `pXte
{KÙX Ýmcy XssÝ XZ`ymk {]tbmKX.
4. Xw apt\ kÀh _mth\ Kpcpw aXzm
kam{itbXv
ZpÀe`m tJNco hnZym XZ`ymtkm ]n ZpÀe`x
5. A`ymkw taf\w ssNh bpK
]ss¶h kn²yXn
A`ymk am{X \ncXm \ hnµt´ l taf\w.
tJNcn hnZy ]dbmw. Cu hnZy A`ykn¨m hmÀ²
Iyw acWw Chbn \n¶v tamN\w In«pw. hmÀ²Iy
tcmK]oUnX³ XoÀ¨bmbpw Cu hnZy A`ykn¡Ww.
{KÙ§Ä, AhbpsS \à hymJym\§Ä A`ymkw
Chbm Cu hnZysb¸än \à Adnhp k¼mZn¨ alm
]pcpjs\ kÀh `mth\ Kpcphmbn IcpXn AbmfnÂ
\n¶v Cu hnZy k¼mZn¡Ww. ImcWw Cu tJNcohnZy
hfsc ITn\amWv. A`ymkhpw taf\tbmKhpw Htc L«
¯n thWw A`ymkw am{Xw t]mcm.
6. A`ymkw e`tX {_Ò³ P·
P·m´tc IzNnXv
taf\w X¯p P·m\mw iXmt´ ]n
\ e_ytX
7. A`ymkw _lpP·mt´ IrXzm
XZv `mhkm[nXw
taf\w e`tX IÝnXv tbmKo
P·m´tc IzNnXv
 722
I 8. bZm Xp taf\w tbmKo e`tX Kpcp h{àXx
XZm XZvkn²nam]vt\m Xn b Zpàm imkv{X
k´ Xu
9. {KÙ XÝmÀ°X ssÝh taf\w e`tX bZm
XZm inhXz am]vt\mXn \nÀaptàm kÀh
kwkrtXm
10. imkv{Xw hn\m]n kwt_m[yw Kpcthm
]n \ iIv\pbpx
GsX¦nepsamcp P·¯n A`ymkw In«nsb¶p
hcmw. F¶m taf\w P· P·m´c§Ä Ignªmepw
In«pIbnÃ. At\I P·§fnse A`ymk¯m tbmKn¡v
Hcp P·¯n taf\w kn²nt¨¡mw. icnbmb KpcphnÂ
\n¶v taf\a{´w A`ykn¨m imkv{X\pIqeamb kn²n
bp­mIpw. km[I³ {KÙ§fnse AÀ°w {Kln¨v
taf\w k¼mZn¨mepw kwkmc apà\mIpw. imkv{Xw
AXy´mt]£nXamWv. Fs´¶m AXp IqSmsX
Kpcphn\p t]mepw bYmÀ° in£Ww km[yaÃ. AXn
\m imkv{X k¼mZ\hpw A]cnXymPyamWv.
11. bmh\v\ e`ytX imkv{Xw XmhZv Kmw
]cytSXv bXn.
bZm kwe`ytX imkv{Xw XZm kn²n
Itc ØnXm
12. \ imkvt{X W hn\m kn²nÀ ZrjvSm
ssNh PK{¯tb
XkvamXv taf\ `mXmcw imkv{X
ZmXmc aNypXw
13. XZ`ymk {]`mXmcw inhw aXzm kam{itbXv
e_v[ m imkv{XanZw alym at\yjmw
\ {]ImitbXv
14. Xkva mXv kÀh{]bXvt \ tKm]\obw
hnPm\Xm
b{XmkvtX N KpcpÀ {_Ò³ ZnhytbmK
{]ZmbIx
15. X{X KXzmN tXt\mà hnZymw kwKrly
tJNcnw
tXt\màx kayK`ymkw Ipcym
ZmZm hX{µnXmx
tbmKm imkv{X kn²nhsc `qanbn Npän Id§Ww.
AXn\v {ian¡Ww. bYmÀ° imkv{Xw e`n¡pt¼mÄ
kn²nIcKXamIpw. aq¶p temI¯nepw imkv{X klmbw
IqSmsX BÀ¡pw kn²n ssI h¶n«nÃ. AXn\m taf\
ZmXmhpw imkv{XZmXmhpw A`ymkw \ÂInb kZvKpcp
Xs¶sb¶p IcpXn At±ls¯ B{ibn¡Ww. hnZy
t\Snbm AXv A\ycpsS ap¶n {]ISn¸n¡cpXv.
clkyambn kq£n¡Ww. FhnsSsb¦nepw Cu tbmKw
N P
a\Ênem¡nb Kpcphps­¶dnªm sN¶v I­v {Kln
K
¨v th­ t]mse ]Tn¡Ww.
16. A\bm hnZybm tbmKo tJNco kn²n
`mIv `thXv
tJNcymw tJNcow bpRvP³ tJNco
_oP ]qcbm
17. tJNcm[n ]XnÀ `qXzm tJN tcjvT
kZm htkXv
tJNcmhØw hÓnaw _p aWvUe `qjnXw
18. BJymXw tJNco_nPw tX\ tbmK
{]kn²yXn
tkmamw i\hIw h˨w {]Xn temta\
tNm²tcXv
19. Xkva mXv ss{Xyw iI amJym\ a£cw
N{µcq]Iw
Xkva mZ ]rjvSaw h˨w hntemta\
]cw apt\
20. XYm XXv ]caw hn²n XZmZnc]n]©ao
Ctµm Ý _lp `nt¶ N
IqtSmbw ]cnIoÀ¯nX:
tbmKn¡v Cu hnZybm tJNco iàn e`n¡pw.
tJNIo tbmKw sNbvXm km[I³ tJNc·mcm A[o
izc\mbn AhcpsS IqtSm hkn¡pw. tJNc¯nsâ
{]XoIamb lImcw Bhدnsâ {]XoIambn Cu
Imcw AánbpsS {]XoIamb cImcw Pe¯nsâ {]XoI
amb aImcw F¶nhbpsSsbÃmw kwtbmK¯m {low
D­mIp¶p. AXmWv tJNco _oPa{´w. AXnsâ kn²n
bm tbmKw ssIhcpw. tkmamwiw kImcw; {]Xntema
KXnb\pkcn¨v AXnsâ H³]Xmas¯ A£cw `; N{µ
sâ _oPm£cw k; AXnsâ F«mas¯ A£cw
hntemaKXnbn a; ho­pw A©£cw hn]coXambn
F®nbm ]; F¶ A£cw hcp¶ Ncq _oPamb
k; bpw At\I hÀ®amb £; bpw A´nam£c§
fmWv. C§s\ {low, cw, kw, aw, ]w, kw, £w F¶
tJNco _oPa{´w {]kn²amWv.
21. Kpcq] tZi e`yw N kÀh tbmK {]kn²n Zw
b¯kyt`lPm ambm \ncp² IcWm{ibm
22. kz]vt\ ]n \ et`¯ky \nXyw ZzmZi
P]yXx
b Camw ]©e£mWn Pt]Z]n kpb{´nXx
23. Xky {iotJNco kn²nx kzbtah
{]hÀ¯tX
\ iy´n kÀh hnLv\m\n {]koZ´n
N tZhXmx
 723
I 24. heo]enX\mi Ý `hnjyXn \ kwibx
Ghw e_v[zm almhnZym a`ymkw
Imctb¯Xx
25. A\yYm ¢niytX {_Ò¶ kn²nx
tJNco ]tY
bZ`ymk khn[u hnZymw \ et`Zyx
kp[m abow
26. XXx kt½fImZu N e_u[zm hnZymw
kZm P t]Xv
\m\yYm clntXm {_Ò km In©nXv
kn²n `mKv `thXv
tJNco a{´w kIe kn²nIfpw \ÂIp¶XmWv.
Kpcp]tZiw sImt­ CXv In«pIbpÅp. \nbta\ \nXyw
CXv ]{´­p XhW P]n¡p¶hs\ amb hym]n¡nÃ.
th­ hn[w CXv A©p e£w P]n¡nÃ. th­ hn[w
CXv A©p e£w P]n¡p¶h\v JNco hnZy kzbtah
ssIhcpw kIe hnLv\ hpw \o§pw. tZh {]kmZw
e`n¡pw. Pc \o§pw; kwibanÃ. hnZy icnbmbn A`y
kn¡Ww. aäp hn[¯nembm t¢iamWv ^ew. bYm
hn[n A`ymkw XpSÀ¶n«pw km^eyw In«nbnsænepw
Kpcp¡fpsSbpw aäpw \nÀt±i {]Imcw CXv kZm P]n¡
Ww. tbmKy\mb Hcp in£I\nsæn CXnsâ kn²n
D­mhnÃ.
27. bZnZw e`ytX imkv{Xw XZm hnZymw
kam{itbXv
XX kvX tXmZnXw kn²namip Xmw
e`tX ap\nx
28. Xmepaqew kapXv Irjy k]vX
hmkcamßhnXv
kz Kpcpà {]ImtcW aew kÀhw
hntim[tbXv
29. kv\plo ]{X \n`w ikv{Xw kpXo£vWw
kv\nKv[ \nÀ½ew
kamZmb XXkvtX\ tcmam{Xw k apÑnt\Xv
30. lnXzm sskÔh ]Yym`ymw NqÀ®nXm`ymw
{]IÀjtbXv
]p\x k]vX Znt\ {]m]vtX tcmaam{Xw
kapÑnt\Xv
31. Ghw {ItaW j¬amkw \ntXym`ypàx
kamNtcXv
j¬ amkmZv ck\maqew kncm_²w
{]WiyXn.
km[I\v Cu hnZybpsS imkv{X kw_Ôamb
icnbmb Adnhp e`n¨m kn²n In«m³ ImeXmakw
D­mhnÃ. BZyambn km[I³ Ggp Znhkw Xmep
aqeØm\s¯ Kpcphnsâ \nÀt±i{]Imcw tX¨v Ahn
N P
Ss¯ kIe amen\y§fpw amäWw. ]n¶oSv IÅnbne K
t]mse \à aqÀ¨bpÅ ip²amb I¯nsImt­m atäm
Xmepaqes¯ Hcp XeapSn¡p Xpeyw apdn¡pItbm
Kpcphns\s¡m­v apdn¸n¡pItbm sN¿Ww. apdn¨
Øm\¯n\p apIfn C´p¸ps]mSn ]pc«Ww. Ggp
Znhkw Ignªv ho­pw ap¼nes¯t¸mse XeapSn¡p
Xpeyw apdn¡Ww. Cu {Ia¯n \nc´cw {]bXv\n¨mÂ
\m¡n\pw A®m¡n\pw \Sp¡pÅ _Ô\w hnSpw.
32. AY hm Knizoco[maintcm hkvt{XW
thjvS tbXv
iss\cpXv IÀjtb tZymKo Ime
themhn[m\ hnXv
33. ]p\x j¬ amkamt{XW \nXyw
kwLÀjm·pt\
{`pa[ym h[n Nmt]yXn Xncy¡W _nemh[nx
34. AYÝ Nn_pIw aqew {]bmXn {IaNmcnXm
]p\x kwhÕcmWmw Xp XrXobm tZh
eoebm
35. tIim´aqÀ[zw {IaXn XncyIv
imJmh[nÀ apt\
A[kvXmXv IWvTIq]m´w ]p\À hÀj
{XtbWXp
36. {_Ò c{Ôw kamhrXy XnjvtT tZh
\ kwibx
XncyIv NqenXew bmXn A[x IWvT _nem
h[nx
37. iss\À iss\ÀakvX Im¨ alm
h{P I]mS`nXv
]qÀhw _oPbpXw hnZym hymJymXm
bm {X ZpÀe`m
38. Xkymx jUmwKw IqÀhoX XbmjSv
kzc`n¶bm
IpcymtZhw Ic\ymkw kÀhkn²ym
Zn tlXth
39. iss\tchw {]IÀ¯hy a`ymkn bK]¶mln
bpK]Xv hÀ¯tX bky icocw
hnebw {]tPXv
40. Xkva mXv iss\x iss\ Imcy a`ymkw
ap ]pKh
bZm N_mly amÀt¤W Pnlzm {_Ò_new
{htPXv
41. XZm {_ÒmÀKP {_Ò³ ZpÀt`Zyw
{Xn Z ssic]n.
AwKpeyt{KW kwLrjy Pnlzmam{Xw
\nthitbXv
 724
I ]n¶oSv \m¡nsâ Aäw XpWnsIm­v Npän kmh
[m\w tZml\w sN¿Ww. AXmbXv shfnbntebv¡v hen
¡Ww. C§s\ Bdpamkw A`ykn¨m \m¡v hfÀ¶v
{`qa[yw hsc F¯pIbpw ]mÀiz`mK§fn sNhnhsc
F¯pIbpw sN¿p¶p. shfnbn XmSnhsc F¯pw.
C§s\ \nc´cm`ymk¯m aq¶mw sImÃw \m¡v
XeapSnhscbpw ]mÀiz¯n tXmÄhscbpw F¯p¶p.
Xmsg IWvT Iq]w hscbpw ]n¶oSv aq¶p hÀjs¯
A`ymkw sIm­v {_Òc{Ôw hscbpw F¯n. AXns\
BhcWw sN¿p¶p. AXn kwibn¡m\nÃ. ]ns¶
AXv Igp¯n\v ]pdIp hscbpw Xmsg IWvTm´yw
hscbpw F¯pw. C§s\ {ItaW \m¡v {_Ò c{Ôs¯
t`Zn¡p¶p. Cu kakvX _oPm£c hnZy hn[nt]mse
A`ykn¡pI hfsc {]bmkamWv. apIfn sImSp¯
Bdp _oPm£c§Ä sIm­v jUw K\ymkhw Ic\ym
khpw sN¿Ww. AsXmsS k¼qÀ® kn²n hcpw. {i²
tbmsS sNt¿­XmWv. A{i²tbmsS sNbvXm lm\n
bmWv ^ew. Cu A`ymk¯n H«pw [rXn Im«cpXv.
_mlyamÀ¤¯n IqSn \m¡v {_Ò_ne¯n {]th
in¡m³ XpS§pt¼mÄ AXns\ hnc sIm­v ]nSn¨v
AXnsâ DÅnem¡mw.
42. Ghw hÀj{Xbw IrXzm {_ÒZzmcw
{]hniyXn
{_Ò Zzmtc {]hnjvt S Xp kayIv
aY\amNtcXv
43. aYt\\ hn\m tINnXv km[b´n hn]ÝnXx
tJNco a{´ kn²ky kn²ytX aY\w hn\m
44. P]w N aY\w ssNh IrXzm io{Lw ^ew
`thXv
kzÀ® Pmw cu]y Pmw hm]n temlPmw
45. \ntbmPy \mkoImc{Ôw ZpKv[
kntà\ X´p\m
{]mWm³ \ncp[y lrZtb kpJam
kuamß\x
46. iss\x kpaY\mw IpcymXv {`qat[y\yky
N£pjo
j¬ amkaY\m hkv{Xm `mthss\h
{]PmbtX
47. bYm kpjp]vX nÀ _mem\mw
bYm`mhkvXYm `thXv
\ kZmaY\w ikvXw amtk amtk
kamNtcXv
48. kZm ck\bm tbmKo amÀ¤w
\ ]cnkw{ItaXv
Ghw ZzmZi hÀjmt´ kwkn²nÀ `hXn
{[phw
N P
49. icotc kIew hnizw ]iyXym ßm hnt`ZXx K
{_ÒmWvtUm bw almamÀt¤ cmPZt´mÀ [z
IpWvUeo. CXn.
Cu hn[¯n aq¶p sImÃw sNbvXm \m¡v
{_Òc_ne¯n F¯pw AtXmsS hn[n]qÀÆw AXnsâ
aY\w Bcw`n¡Ww. NneÀ aY\w IqSmsX taJco hnZy
sN¿p¶p. tJNco a{´ kn²n ssIh¶n«pÅhÀ¡v C§
s\ sN¿mw. P]c aY\w c­pw sNbvXm ^ew thKw
In«pw. aÙ\¯n\v kzÀ®¯nsâtbm shÅnbpsStbm
Ccp¼nsâtbm I¼n A{K`mK¯v ]mepsIm­p \\¨
\q sI«n AXns\ aq¡n\pÅn CSWw. ]ns¶
{]mWs\ lrZb¯n \ntcm[n¨v kpJmk\¯nÂ
I®pIÄ ]pcnI¯n Øm]n¨v kmh[m\w aY\w sN-
¿Ww. Bdp amkw C§s\ aY\w sNbvXm ^ew I­p
XpS§pw. At¸mÄ AXnsâ AhØ Dd§p¶ a«mIpw.
aÙ\w \nXyhpw th­. amk¯n Hcp XhW aXn.
A§s\ \m¡v IqsS¡qsS {_Ò c{Ô¯n {]thin
¡pIbpw AcpXv. ]{´­v sImÃs¯ A`ymk¯mÂ
kn²n ssIhcpw. AtXmsS tbmKn kIe hnizhpw Xsâ
DÅn I­p XpS§pw. ImcWw, \m¡v {_Ò c{Ôw
hsc t]mIp¶ amÀ¤¯nemWv {_ÒmWvUw ØnXn
sN¿p¶sX¶v ]dbs¸Sp¶p.
aq¶mw A[ymbw
1. taf\a\p {low `w kw ]w ^w kw £w
]ZvaP D]mN
Aamhmkym N {]Xn]Zv ]uÀ® amko
N i¦c Akym Im hÀWytX kwÚm
GXZmJym ln XXzXx
2. {]Xn]±n\tXm Imte Aam hmky
XssY h N
]uÀW amkymw ØncoIpcymZv k N
]Ùm ln \m\yYm
Imta\ hnjbm Imw£o hnjbmXv
ImatamlnXmx
Zzmthh kwXytP¶nXyw \ncRvP\
ap]m{itbXv
A]cw kwXytPXv kÀhw bZotÑ
Zmßt\m lnXw
iàn at[y a\x IrXzm a\x itàÝ a[yKx
5. a\km a\ BtemIy X¯y tPXv ]caw ]Zw
a\ Gh ln _nµp Ý Dev]¯n ØnXn
ImcWw.
{Kow, `w, kw, ]w, Yw, £w, kw, F¶XmWv taf\
a{´w. {_Òmhv ]dªp. tl i¦c, Aamhmky,
 725

I {]Xn]Zw ]uÀ®amkn, F¶nhbpsS aqemÀ°w F´m A\mlXw, hnip²n, BÚ aqem[mc¯nsâ Øm\w K

Wv? {]Xn]Zw kqcysâbpw Bibw {]ISam¡p¶p. Aam KpZamWv. AXn\p apIfn enwK¯n\p kao]amWv.
hmky kqcyN{µ·mcpsS A`mhw kqNn¸n¡p¶p. a\p kzm[njvTm\¯nsâ Øm\w. aWn]qcIw \m`nbnepw
jy³ Imamkà\pw hnjbmev]cy¯n B{Kl§Ä A\mlXw lrZb¯nepw hnip²n IWv T ¯ nepw
hÀ²n¡p¶p. AXn\m ip²amb ]camß kw{]m]vXn BÚmN{Iw akvXI¯nepw ØnXnsN¿p¶p.
¡v hnjbs¯bpw Ima\sbbpw Dt]£n¨v Bß[ym\
12. jSv N{ImWn ]cnÚm Xzm {]hntiXv
\ncX\mbncn¡Ww. lntXNvÝp aäp anYymhnjb§fpw
kpJaWv U te
ssI shSnbWw. [ym\¯n a\Êpd¸n¡Ww. a\Êp
sIm­v a\Êns\ I­pw Adnªp. AXns\ XyPn¡p {]hntiXv hmbpamIÀjy XssYthmÀ[zw
¶XmWv ]ca]Zw. Dev]¯n ØnXnIfpsS {][m\ _nµp \ntbmPtbXv
a\Êp Xs¶. 13. Ghw ka`ytkXv hmbpw k {_ÒmWvU
atbm`thXv
6. a\tkmev]cytX _nµpÀ bYm£ocw
LrXmßIw hmbp _Ôpw XYm N{Iw Nn¯w ssNh
ka`ytkXv
\ N _Ô\ a[yØw XssZz ImcWam\kw
hmbp _µpw XYm N{Iw Nn¯w ssNh
7. N{µmÀ¡ a[yam iàn b{XØm X{X
ka`ytkXv
_Ô\m
14. kam[n tNtI\ kaw AarXw bm´n
ÚmXzm kpjpav\mw XZvt`Zw IrXzm
tbmKn\x
hmbpw N [yKw
bYm ánÀ Zmcp a[ytØm t\m¯n
8. ØnXzm ku ss_µhØmt\ {LmW ct{Ô
jvt T·Y\w hn\m
\ncu[tbXv
15. hn\m Nm`ymk tbmtK\ Úm\
hmbpw _nµpw kamJymXw kXzw
Zo]kvXYm \ ln
{]IrXtahNN
jSa[yKtXm Zot]m _mtly ss\h
9. jSv N{ImWn ]cnÚmXzm {]hntiXv
{]ImitX
kpJaWv Uew
16. `nt¶ Xkvan³ LtSssNh Zo] Pzmem
aqem[mcw kzm[njvT m\w aWn]qcw
N `mktX
XrXobIw
kzbmbw LSanXypàw X Ym Zot]m
10. A\mlXw hnip²nw N BÚm N{Iw
ln XXv ]Zw
N jjvTIw
17. KpcphmIy kam`nt¶ {_Ò Úm\w
B[mcw KpZanXypàw kzm[njv Tm\w
kv^ pSn `thXv
Xp ssewKnIw
IÀ®[mcw Kpcpw {]m]y IrXzm kq£vaw
11. aWn]qcw \m`ntZiw lrZbØa\mlXw
Xc´n N
hnip²nx IWvTaqte N BÚm N{Iw N
akvXIw FÃm N{I§sfbpw ]änbpÅ Úm\w e`n¨Xn
\ptijw kpaWvU eamIp¶ kl{k ZfIae¯nÂ
s\¿v ]men \n¶p­mIp¶t]mse Cu _nµp
{]thin¨v {]mWs\ apIfntebv ¡ mIÀjn¨psIm­v
a\Ên \n¶p­mIp¶p. B _nµphn bmsXmcp
ØnXn sN¿Ww. A§s\ {]mWm`ymkw sNbvXmÂ
_Ô\hpanÃ. Fs´¦nepw _Ô\aps­¦n AXv
{_ÒmWvU ØnXamb {]mW hmbp _nµp N{Iw Nn¯w
a\ÊnsâXmWv. kqcy N{µ·mcpsS at[y ØnXn sN¿p¶
F¶nh th­t]mse A`ykn¨v tbmKnamÀ sFIyam
iànXs¶ _Ô\amIp¶p. AXn\m Cu c­nsâbpw
Ip¶ kam[nhsc F¯nt¨cp¶p. ac¯n\I¯v Xobp-
at[ybpÅ kpjpav\sb¸än Úm\w t\SnbXn\ptijw
s­¦nepw ]ckv] cw Dcbv¡msX AXv ]pd¯p hcnÃ.
AXn\pÅn {]mWs\ Nen¸n¡Ww. {]mWs\ Cu
AXpt]mse \nc´cm`ymkw IqSmsX hnZymZo]w {]Im
_nµp Øe¯v ØncoIcn¨v \mknIbn IqSnbpÅ
in¡nÃ. IpS¯n\pÅnse hnf¡n\v IpSw s]m«n¨mte
hmbp \ntcm[n¡Ww. CXp Xs¶bmWv {]mW hmbphpw
]pdsa {]Imiw ]c¯m³ Ignbq. AXpt]mse icoc
_nµphpw kXyhpw {]IrXnbpw F¶v Adnbs¸Sp¶Xv.
amIp¶ IpS¯n\pÅn sh¨n«pÅ {_Òsa¶ Zo]¯n
AtXmsSm¸w kpJmhØ ssIhcm³ jSv N{I§-
sâ {]Imiw Kpcp]tZi¯m Cu IpSw t`Zn¡msX
sf¸änbpÅ Adnhv t\SWw. N{I§Ä Xmsg sImSp¡p¶-
shfnbn hcnÃ. IcImWm¯ Cu kap{Zw A¡sc IS
hbmWv þ aqem[mcw, kzm[njvT m\w, aWn ]qcIw,

N P
 726
I ¡m\pÅ D]bm¯n\v KpcphmIp¶ I¸n¯ms\ B{ibn
¡Ww.
18. A`ymk hmk\m iàym Xc´n `hkmKcw
]cmbm a¦pco `qb ]iy´ymw ZznZfoIrXw
19. a[yambmw apIpfnXm sshJcyw
hnIkoIrXm
]qÀhw btYmZnXm bm hmIv hntemta
\mkvX n Km `thXv
20. XkymhmNx ]tcm tZhx IqStØm hmIv
{]t_m[Ix
tkm lakv]oXn \nÝnXy bx kZm
hÀ¯tXm ]pam³.
21. i_vs sZcp¨mh ssNÀ \o ssNx `mjo
tXm ]n \ en]ytX
]niz Ý ssXPk ssÝh {]mÚ tÝXn
tX{XbZpx
22. hncmSv lncWy KÀ` Ý Cuizc tÝXn
tX {Xbmx
{_ÒmWvtUm ssNh ]nWvUmWvUw
temImx `qcmZbx {IamXv
23. kztkz]m[n ebm tZh eobt´
{]XyKmß\n
AWvUw Úm\mán\m X]vXw eobtX
ImcssWx kl
A`ymkw, hmk\ ChbpsS iànsIm­mWv AhÀ
kwkmckmKcw A¡c IS¶Xv. hmWn ]cbn A¦pcn
¡p¶p. ]iy´nbn AXn\v c­p `mKap­v. a[yabnÂ
]pjv]n¡p¶p. sshJcnbn hnImkw {]m]n¡p¶p. Cu
hn[nb\pkcn¨v hmWn BhnÀ`hn¡p¶Xpt]mse hntem
aa\pkcn¨v AkvXan¡p¶p. hmKvt_m[w D­m¡p¶
h³ Asæn ]caamb tZh³ Rm³ Xs¶ F¶v
\nÝbn¨v s]cpamdp¶ hyàntbmSv Bsc¦nepw D¨ kzc
¯ntem \oNkzc¯ntem F´p ]dªmepw Ah³
AXn en]vX\mInÃ. hnizw ssXPkw {]mÚw F¶o
aq¶p ]nWvU§fpw hncSv lncWy KÀ`³ Cuizc³ F¶o
aq¶p {_ÒmWvU§fpw `qx `phx kzx F¶o aq¶p
temI§fpw hnebw {]m]n¡p¶p. Úm\mán k´]vX
ambm {_ÒmWvUhpw AXnsâ apJ cq]¯n hnebw
{]m]n¡p¶p.
24. ]camß\n eo\w XXv ]cw {_ssÒh
PmbtX
XXx kvXnanX Kw`ocw \ tXtPm
\ XakkvXXx
25. A\mJya\ `nhyàw kXv In©nZh injytX
[ymXzm a[yØamXv am\w Ieim´w Zo]hXv
N P
26. AwKpjvT am{Xamßm\w A[qa K
tPymXn cq]Iw
{]Imib´ a´Øw [ymtbXv IqSkvX
a hybw
27. hnÚm\mßm XYm tZtl Pm{KXv
kz]v\ kpjp]vXnXx
ambbm tamlnXx ]Ým¯v
_lpP·m´tc ]p\x
28. kXv IÀ½ ]cn]m Im¯p kz hnImiw
NnIoÀjXn
tIm lw IYabw tZmjx kwkmcmJy
D]mKXx
29. Pmt{KXv kz]vt\ hyhlc³ kpjp]vXu
Iz KXnÀaa
CXn Nn´m]tcm `qXzm kz`mkm N hntijXx
30. AÚm\m¯p NnZm`mtkm _lnkvX mt]\
Xm]nXx
ZKv[w `htXyh XZm iqe ]nWvU hmán\m
Ah³ ]camßmhn ebn¡p¶Xn\m {_Ò
cq]ambn¯ocp¶p. At¸mÄ {]Imisat¶m AÔImc
sat¶m ]dbm³ km[n¡m¯ hn[¯nepÅ Hcp Kw`oc
cq]amIp¶p. tIhew kXv kzcq]amb Hcp Ahyà
XXzw am{Xta Ahtijn¡q. LSZo] tPymXnÊp t]mse
Hcp \nÀ[qa tPymXnÊv A´xIcW¯n {]Imin¨p
sIm­ncn¡p¶ Cu kzcq]¯n Xs¶ IqSØ\mb
B Ahyb cq]s¯ [ym\n¡Ww. Bßmhv AXnsâ
aqecq]¯n hnÚm\abamWv. F¶m tZl¯nÂ
hcpt¼mÄ AXv ambmhi\mbn Pm{KXv kz]v\ kpjp-
]vX yhØIÄ {]m]n¨v hntamlnX\mIp¶p. F{Xtbm
P·§Ä¡p tijw ip` IÀ½§Ä DZbw sN¿pt¼mÄ
AXn\pÅn Xm³ BcmsW¶pw F¶p aäpw Adnbm³
B{Klw P\n¡p¶p. Pm{KXv kz]v\mhØIfn Rm³
Fs¶¯s¶ IÀ¯msh¶p hnNmcn¨v s]cpamdp¶p
F¶m kpjp]vXnbn Fsâ AhØ F´mbncn¡pw?
C§s\ Nn´n¨v Xsâ B`mk kzcq]w Nn´m hnjbam
¡p¶ Aánbn ]ªns¡«v FcnªS§p¶Xpt]mse
NnZm`mkhpw AÚm\¯n s]«v \jvSamIp¶p.
31. ZlcØx {]XyKmßm \jvtS Úmt\
XXx ]cw
anXtXm hym]y hnÚm\w ZltXyh
£tW\ Xp
3. at\mab Úm\abm k ayK ZKv[zm
{ItaW Xp
LSØ Zo]hXv iiz Z´ tch {]ImitX
 727
I 33. [ymb¶mkvtX ap\n ssÝhhmkp]vtX
cmartX kvXp bx
Poh·pàx k hntÚbx k [\yx
IrXIrXyhm³
34. Poh·pà ]Zw Xràzm kztZtl
ImekmXv IrtX
hniXy tZh apàXzw ]mht\m kv]µXm anh
35. Ai_vZ akv]Ài acq] ahybw
XY ckw \nXyaKÔh¨ bXv
A\mZy \´w al´x ]cw {[phw
XtZh injyXy aew \ncmabw
CXyp]\njXv.
C§s\ kmwkmcnI Úm\w ssIhn«Xn\p tijw
1 tbmK-Nq-Um-aWn D]-\n-j¯v 3
im´n]mTw
B]mb´p aamwKm\n hmIv { ]mWÝ£px
t{im{XatYm _ean{µnbmWn N kÀhmWn. kÀhw
{_t·m]\njZw amlw {_·ancmIpcyw. am am
{_· \ncmItcmXv A\ncmIcWw takvXp. XZmß
\n \nctXb D]\njXv kz[À½mkvtX abnk´p.
tX abn k´p. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
Fsâ AwK§Ä ]cn]pjvS n {]m]n¡pamdmIs«.
hmWn {]mW³ N£pÊp, t{im{Xw, _ew F¶nhbpw
kÀtÆ{µnb§fpw hr²nsb {]m]n¡s«. D]\nj¯p¡Ä
{_·kzcq]§fmWv. Rm³ {_·s¯ \ncmIcn¡mXn
cn¡s«. D]\nj¯n XXv]c\mb F\n¡v D]\njXv
IÀ½§Ä ssIhcs«. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
1. tbmKNqUmaWnw ht£ytbmKn\mw
lnXImaybm ssIhey kn²nZw KqVw
tkhnXw tbmKhn¯ssax
2. Bk\w {]mWkwtcm[x {]Xymlmc
Ý[mcWm I
[ym\w kam[ntcXm\n bmKmwKm\n
`h´n jSv
N P
{]XyKmßmhv hnimeX ]q­v hnÚm\s¯bpw ssIhn K
Sp¶p. C§s\ at\mabhpw hnÚm\abhpw ]qÀ®am
bpw tbmPn¨p Ignªm imizX {]Imiw t]mse
BßmhpXs¶ DÅn {]Imin¨psIm­ncn¡pw. C§
s\bpÅ Bßmhns\ \nXyw [ym\n¡pIbpw [ym\w
XpScpIbpw sN¿p¶ BßÚm\n Poh³ apà\mWv;
Ah³ [\y\pw IrXIrXy\pamWv. Ahsâ A´na
kabw hcpt¼mÄ Ah³ Poh·pànbn \n¶pw
hntZlapà ]Zw {]m]n¡p¶p. hmbphnsâ Ne\w \n¶p
t]mIp¶Xpt]msebmbncn¡pw Ahsâ A´yw.
i_vZkv]Ài cq]ck KÔ clnXabn, ]©`qX§Ä¡pw
AXoXambn, \nXy\pw Ahyb\pw BXy´clnX\pw
alm\pw imizX\pw ip²\pw AhnImcnbpamb {_Òw
am{Xta HSphn \ne\n¡p¶pÅp.
tbmKIpWvUey]p\nj¯v kam]n¨p.
3. GIw kn²mk\w t{]màw ZznXobw
Iaemk\w I
jSv N{Iw tjmUim[mcw {Xne£yw
thyma ]©Iw
4. kztZtl tbm \ P\mXn Xky kn²nx
IYw `thXv
NXpÀZew kymZm[mcw kzm[njv Tm\w
N jUvZew
5. \m`u ZiZfw ]ßw lrZtb ZzmZimcIw I
tjmUimcw hnip²mJyw {`qat[y
ZznZfw XYm
tbmKnIÄ¡v lnXw \ÂIWsa¶ DtZi¯m Rm³
tbmKNqUmaWnsb¸än ]dbp¶p. CXv ssIhey {]Z
hpw kn²n{]Zhpw tbmKhnZzm·mcm am\n¡s¸Sp¶Xp
amWv. tbmK¯n\v Bdv AwK§fp­v. Bk\w, {]mWmbm-
aw, {]Xymlmcw, [mcW, [ym\w, kam[n. Bk\§fnÂ
{]YaØm\w kn²mk\¯n\pamWv. jSvN{Iw, tjmUi
B[mcw thyma ]©Iw F¶nhsb kz icoc¯nÂ
ImWm¯h\v F§s\ kn²n ssIhcm\mWv? CXnÂ
aqem[mcw \mep Zf§tfmSp IqSnbXmWv. kzm[njvTm\
 728
I ¯n Bdp Zf§tfmSp IqSnbXpw \mZnbn ]¯p Zf
§Ä tNÀ¶Xpw,lrZb¯n ]{´­p Zfw DffXpamb
Hcp Xmacbp­v. ]Xn¶mdp Zf§fpff N{Ihpap­v.
6. kl{kZekwJymXw {_]va c{Ô
alm ]Yn I
B[mcw {]Yaw N{Iw kzm[njv Tm\w
ZznXobIw
7. tbm\nØm\w ZztbmÀat[y Imacq]w
\nKZytX I
ImamJyw Xp KpZØmt\ ]¦Pw Xp
NXpÀ Zfw
8. X·t[y t{]mNytX tbm\oxImamJym
kn² hµnXmI
Xky at[y almenwKw ]Ýnam`napJw
ØnXw
9. \m`u Xp aWnhZv _nw_w tbm
P\mXnk tbmKhnXvI
X]vX NmaoIcm`mkw X UntÃtJh
hnkv] pcXv
10. {XntImWw, XXv]cw hlt\ct[m ta{UmXv
{]Xnjv TnXm I
kam[u ]caw tPymXnc\´w hniztXmapJw
{_·c{Ôsa¶p t]cpff almamÀ¤¯n kl{km
ZfIaew ØnXnsN¿p¶p. BZy N{Iw aqem[mchpw
ZznXob N{Iw kzm[njvTm\hpamIp¶p. CXv tbm\nØm
\¯v c­n\pw at[y ØnXnsN¿p¶p. BZy N{Iw
aqem[mchpw ZznXob N{Iw kzm[njvTm\hpamIp¶p. CXv
tbm\nØm\¯v c­n\pw at[y ØnXnsN¿p¶p. CXv
tbm\nØm\¯v c­n\pw at²y ØnXnsN¿p¶p. CXn
s\ Imacq]sa¶v ]dbp¶p.Imasa¶ Cu NXpÀZfIaew
KpZ¯nsâ Øm\¯mWv.AXnsâ a[y¯n kn²·mÀ
hµn¡p¶ Imaw F¶ tbm\n ØnXnsN¿p¶p. CXnsâ
a[y¯n ]Ýnam`napJamb almenwKamWv. \m`nbnÂ
aWnbpsS BIrXnbnepff \mUn Adnbp¶h\mWv tbmKn.
]gp¸n¨ kzÀ®wt]mse {]Imin¡p¶Xpw an¶Â]nWcn-
s\m¯Xpamb {XntImWbpXamb AánbpsS Øm\w
ta{U¯n\v XmsgbmWv. AhnsS hniztXmapJhpw A\´-
hpamb tPymXnÊp kam[nbn \nesImffp¶p.
11. Xkva n³ ZrjvtS almtbmtK bmXm
bmtXm \ hnZytX I
kzi_vtZ\ `thXv {]mWx kzm[njv Tm\w
XZm{ibw
12. kzm[njvT m\m{ibmZkvam³ ta{U
ta hm`n[obtXI
X´p\m aWnhXv t{]mXm tbm {X Iµx
kpjpav\bm
N P
13. X¶m`naWvUte N{Iw {]mNytX K
aWn]qcIw I
ZzmZimtc almNt{I ]pWy]m] hnhÀÖntX
14. XmhXvPohm {`atXyhm bmhXv
XXzw \ hnµXn I
DuÀ[zw taVmZt[m \mt`x Itµ tbm\nx
JKmWvUhXv
15. X{X \mUyx kapXv]¶m kl {kmWmw
Zznk]vXXnx I
tXjp\mUo klt{kjp Zznk]vXXn
cpZmlrXmx
tbmKm`ymk\¯neqsS AXv ImWm³ IgnªmÂ
P\\acWmZnIÄ D­mhpIbnÃ. "kz' F¶ {]mW³
kzm[njvTXs¯ B{ibn¨XmWv kzm[njvT\m{inXamI
bm AXns\ sa{Vsa¶v ]dbp¶p. \qen sImcp¯
aWn t]mepff kpjpav\m \mUnbpsS tI{µw CXmWv.
\m`ntI{µnXamb Cu N{Is¯ aWn]qcsa¶v ]dbp¶p.
ZzmZiZfbpXhpw ]m]]pWyclnXhpamb Cu N{I¯nÂ
XXzÚm\w kn²n¡mXncn¡p¶nSt¯mfw Imew Poh\v
{]]©¯n Npän¡d§Ww. ta{V¯n\papIfnÂ
\m`n¡p Xmsgbpff tI{µ¯n ]£nap«bpsS BIrXn
bpff tbm\nbp­v. ChnsS \n¶pw Fgp]¯ocmbncw
\mUnIÄ DÂ`hn¡p¶p. Ahbn Fgp]¯nc­p
\mUnIÄ {][m\§fmWv.
16. {][m\m {]mW hmlnt\ym
`qbkvXmkp ZikvarXmx I
CUm N ]nwKem ssNh kpjpav\m
N XrXobKm
17. KmÔmco lkvX n Pnlzm N ]qjm ssNh
bikzn\n
Aew_pkm IplqssÝh iwJn\o
Ziao kvarXm
18. GX¶mUo alm N{Iw ÚmXhyw
tbmKn `nx kZm
CUm hmta ØnXm `mtK Z£ntW
]nwKemØnXw
19. kpjpav\m a[ytZti Xp KmÔmco
hma N£pjo I
Z£ntW lkvXn Pnlzm N ]qjm IÀt®
N Z£ntW
20. bikzn\o hma IÀt® N B\t\
Nm]yew_pkm
IqlqÝenwKtZti Xp aqeØmt\
Xp iwJn\o
{]mWhmln\nIfmb ]¯p \mUnIÄ {][m\§
fmWv. CU, ]nwKf, kpjpav\, KmÔmcn, lkvXn Pnlz,
 729
I ]qjm, bikzn\n, Aew_pk, Iplp, iwJn\n ChbmWv
B ]¯v \mUnIÄ. Cu \mUoaKmN{Is¯ tbmKnIÄ
Adnªncn¡Ww. Chbn CU CSXp`mK¯pw ]nwKf
he¯pw BWv. c­nsâbpw at[y kpjpav\; KmÔmcn
CSXp I®nÂ; lkvXn Pnlz heXp I®nÂ. ]qjzm
heXp sNhnbnÂ; bikzn\n CSXp sNhnbn Aew_p
kapJ¯pw Iplp enwK¯nepw iwJn\n aqeØm\¯pw
\nesImffp¶p.
21. Ghw Zzmcw kam{inXy XnjvTt´
\mUbx {IamXv I
CUm ]nwKem kujpav\ x {]mWamÀt¤
N kwØnXmx
22. kXXw {]mWhmln\yx tkma kqcym
ántZhXm.
{]mWm]m\ kam\mJym hymt\m Zm\u
N hbhx
23. \mKx IqÀt½ Y IrItcm tZh
Zt¯m [\RvPbx
lyZn {]mWx ØntXm \nXya]mt\m
KpZaWv Ute
24. kamt\m \m`ntZti Xp {]m[m\x ]©
hmbhx I
25. DZvK mtc \mK BJymXx IqÀ½ D·oet\
XYm I
IrIcx £XvItcmtÚtbm tZhZt¯m
hnPrw`Wx
icoc¯nse hnhn[ Zzmc§fn Hmtcm¶nepw FÃm
\mUnIfpw ØnXn sN¿p¶p. CU, ]nwKf, kpjpav\,
aq¶pw {]mW amÀ¤¯nemWv. kqcy³, N{µ³, Aán
F¶o tZh·mÀ kZm {]mWhmlnIfmWv. {]mW³, A]m
\³,kam\³,hym\³, DZm\³, \mKw, IqÀ½w, IrIcw ,
tZhZ¯w, [\Rv P\w Ch hmbp¡fpw D]hmbp¡fp
amWv. {]mWhmbp lyZb¯nepw A]m\³ KpZ¯nepw
kam\³ \m`nbnepw DZm\³ IWvU¯nepw hym\³
kÀhicoc¯nepw ØnXn sN¿p¶p. Chb©pamWv
{][m\ hmbp¡Ä DZvKmc¯n \mKhpw D·oe\¯nÂ
\mKhpw D·oe\¯n IqÀ½hpw Xp½en IrIchpw
tIm«phmbn tZhZ¯hpamWv.
26. \ PlmXn arXw hm]n kÀh hym]n
[\Rv Pbx I
GtX \mUojp kÀhmkp {`at´
PohP´hx
27. B£n]vtXm `qP ZWvtU\ btYm
¨aXn IµpIx I
{]mWm]m\kam£n]vX kvXYm Po thm \
XnjvTXn
N P
28. {]mWm]m\htim Pothmly [tÝmÀ [zw K
N [mhXn I
hmaZ£nWamÀ¤m`ymw N©eXzm¶ ZyiytX
29. \Öp_t²mbYmtiyt\m KtXm ]ym
Iy jytX]p\x I
KpW _²kvXYm Pohx {]mWm]mt\\
IÀjXn
30. {]mWm]m\htim Pothmly[
tÝmÀ[zw NKÑXn
A]m\x IÀjXn {]mWw {]mtWm ]m\w
N IÀjXn. I
DuÀ[zm[kwØnXmthXu tbm Pm\mXn
k tbmKhnXv
kÀhhym]nbmb [\RvPbw F¶ hmbp acWti
jhpw icocw hn«pt]mIp¶nÃ. kÀh \mUnIfn IqSn
bpw Poh³ {`aWw sN¿p¶p. Fdnbs¸« hkvXp t]mse
{]mWm]m\ hmb¡fpsS thK¯n Øncambn HcnS¯v
\n¡mXncn¡p¶p. {]mW³ aIfnte¡pw Xmtgbv¡pw
CSXpw heXpw amÀ¤fnepw h¶p t]mbpw Ccn¡p¶p­v.
F¶m KXnthK¯n AXv ZyiyaÃ. IdpsIm­v
_Ôn¡s¸« ]cp´ns\t¸mse {]mW³ apIfnte¡pw
Xmtg¡pw h¶pw t]mbpancn¡p¶p­v. A]m\³ {]mW
s\bpw {]mW³ A]m\s\bpw BIÀjn¡p¶p. tbmK
imkv{Xadnbp¶h³ {]mWsâ Cu DuÀ[z[x Ka\w
I­dnb¶p.
31. lImtcW _lnÀbmXn kImtcW
hntiXv ]p\x I
lwklwtkXy apw a{´w Pothm
P]Xn kÀhZm
32. jSv iXm\n Znhmcm{Xu kl {kmtWyI
hnwtiXnx I
GXXv kwJym\zXw a{´w Pothm P]Xn
kÀhZm
33. AP]m \ma Kmb{Xn tbmK\mw tam£Zw kZm
Akym k¦ev] amt{XW kÀh
]mss]x {]apNytX
34. A\bm kZrio hnZym A\bm kZrtim
P]x I
A\bm kZriw Úm\w \ `qXw \ `hnjyXn
35. IpWv Uen\ymw kapZv `qXm Kmb{Xo
{]mW[mcnWo I
{]mWhnZym IpWvUen\o bkvXmw
th¯n kthZhnXv
Cu Poh³ lImc [z\nbn _loÀ Kam¡pIbpw
kImc [z\nbn A´À Kan¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. C§s\
 730
I Hcp cm]Ien 21500 a{´w kZm P]n¨psIm­ncn¡p¶p
AP]mKmb{Xn F¶mWXn\v t]cv. CXv tbmKnIÄ¡v
tam£{]Zhpw k¦ev] ¯m Xs¶ ]m]hntamNI
hpamWv. CXn\p Xpeyambn H¶panÃ. IpWvUen\nbnÂ
\n¶p kapZv`qXamb Cu Kmb{Xn {]mWhnZybpw almhn
ZybpamWv. CXcnbp¶h³ thZÚ\s{X.
36. ItµmÀt[z IpWv Ueoiàn cjvS[m
IpWvU emIrXnx I
{_ÒZzmc apJw \nXyw aptJ\ÑmZy XnjvTXn.
37. tb\ ZzmtcW K´hpw {_ÒZzmca\mabw I
aptJ\mÑmZy XZvZzmcw {]kvX pX ]ctaizco
38. {]_p²m hántbmtK\ a\km acpXm
kl I
kpNohZv Km{XamZmb {hPXyqÀ²yw
kpjpav\bm
39. DZvL mStbXv IhmSw Xp bYm
Ip©nIbm Krlw I
IpWv Uen\ym XYm tbmKo tam£Zzmcw
{]t`ZtbXv
40. IrXzm kw]pSnXu Icu ZrVXcw _[zmYp
]Zvamk\w KmVw h£kn k¶n[mb Npw_pIw
[ym\w N Xt¨jvSnXw hmcw hmca]m\ aqÀ[za
\new t{]m¨mtbXv ]qcnXw ]p©³ {]mWap
ss]Xn t_m[aXpew iàn {]`mhm¶cx
Iµ¯nsâ apIfn IpWvUnen\o im´n AjvS
IpWvUen\o im´n AjvSIpWvUe§fn hy]cn¨v
AhnsS¯s¶ {_Òs¯ BhcWw sNbvXv kZm ØnXn
sN¿p¶p. GsXmcp {_Òc{Ô¯n IqSnbmtWm
{]bmkw hn\m t]mtI­n hcp¶Xv Bc{Ôw. apJw
sIm­p ad¨v kZm Cu ]ctaizco iàn kpjp]vXnbnÂ
B­ncn¡p¶p. AXv hán tbmK¯n DWÀ¶v a\Êpw
{]mW\psam¸w kpjp]v\bn IqSn kqNn t]mse
apIfnte¡v t]mIp¶p. Xmt¡m sIm­v hmXnÂ
Xpd¡p¶Xpt]mse tbmKn IpWvUen\o iàymÂ
tam£IhmSw t`Zn¡Ww. c­p ssIIsfbpw kwLSn
Xam¡n ZrVambn ]Zvamk\¯nencp¶v XmSn s\t©mSv
tNÀ¯v {_Ò [y\t¯Sv ho­pw ho­pw hmbp apIfn
te¡v hen¡pIbpw ]ns¶ shfnbnte¡v hnSpIbpw
thWw. C§s\ sNbvXm a\pjy³ hntijm Hcp
iàn A\p`hs¸Sp¶XmWv.
41. AwK\mw a˱\w IrXym{iakwPmX
hmcnWm I
ISz¾ehW XyKn £oct`mP\amNtcXv
42. {_ÒNmco anXlmco tbmKo tbmK
]cnbmWx I
N P
A_vZ mZpÀ[zw `thXvknt²m \m{X K
Imcym hnNmcWm
43. kpkv \nKv[ a[pcmlmcÝXpÀ°mwi
hnhÀPnXx
`pRvPtX inhkw{]oXym anXmlmco
k DNytX
44. ItµmÀt[z IpWv Ueo iàncjvS[m
IpWv U emIrXn I
_Ô\mb N aqVm\mw tbmKn\mw tam£
Zm kZm
45. almap{Zmw \t`map{Zmw HmUymWw N
PeÔcw I
aqe_Ôw N tbm th¯n k tbmKo
apàn `mP\w
A`ymk¯m hnbÀ¸p­mbm AwK§Ä aÀ±n¨v
Ibv]v, ]pfn, D¸v, F¶nh IeÀ¶ Blmc km[\apt]
£n¨ £ocm¶w `£n¡Ww. {_ÒNmcnbpw anXmlm
cnbpw tbmK]cmbW\pamb tbmKn Hcp hÀj¯n\Iw
Xs¶ kn²n {]m]n¡pw F¶Xn kwibanÃ. kv\nKv[
a[pcamb Blmcw Ign¡Ww. hbdnsâ \mensemcp
`mKw Hgn¨nSWw. inh {]oXntbmsS Blmcw Ign¡p¶
hs\ anXmlmcnsb¶v ]dbp¶p. Icp¯nsâapIfnepff
AjvSIpWvUe klnXamb IWvUen\o iàn aqV
·mÀ¡v _Ô\{]Zhpw tbmKnIÄ¡v tam£ {]Zhpam
Ip¶ Xt]map{Z, DUymWw, Pe[c_Ôw,aqe_Ôw
F¶nh Adnbp¶ tbmKn apàn¡v AÀl\mWv.
46. ]mÀjWnLmtX\ kw]oUy tbm\n
amIp©tbXv ZrVw I
A]m\aqÀ[zmamIrjy aqe_tÔm
ho[obtX
47. A]m\{]mWtbmsscIyw
£bm·q{X]qcojtbmx I
bphm `hXn hrt²m f kXXw aqe
_Ô\mXv
48. HUymWw IcptX bkvamZhn{im´w
almJK I
HmÍnbmWw XtZhkym³ arXyp
amXwKtIkco
49. DZcmXv ]Ýnaw XmW at[m\mt`À
\nKZytX I
HmUyWapZtc _ÔkvX{X _tÔm
hn[obtX
50. _[v\ mXn ln intcmPmXat[mKman
\t`mPew I
 731
I XtXm PmeÔtcm _Ôx IWvT
ZpxJu L\mi\x
iànbn D¸qänsIm­aÀ¯n tbm\n Øm\w ZrV
ambn kt¦mNn¸n¨v A]m\hmbphns\ apIfntebv¡mIÀ
jn¨m AXv aqe_ÔamWv. Cu {Inbbm {]mW]m\
hmbp¡Ä H¶mbn¯ocpIbpw aeaq{X§Ä IpdbpIbpw
sN¿p¶p. Cu aqe_Ôw A`ykn¡p¶ hyàn hr²
\msW¦nepw bphmhmbn¯ocp¶p. arXyphmIp¶ B\
bv¡v knwlw t]msebmWv DUymbWm`ymkw. DZc¯nÂ
\n¶v \m`n¡p Xmtgm«v \o«p¶ ]£w AXv ]ÝnbXm\
amWv. DÍnbm\_Ôhw DZc¯n Xs¶ sN¿Ww.
At[m{ianbmb \`Øehpw PeXXzhpw incÊnÂ
Xs¶ Øncambn sh¨m PeÔc_Ôambn. CXv ZpxJ
t¢imZn\miIamWv.
51. PmeÔtc IrtX _tÔ IWvT kt¦mN
e£tW I
\ ]obqjw ]XXyáu X N hmbp {][mhXn
52. I]meIpltc Pnlzm {]hnjvSm
hn]coXKm I
tiNco {Zpthmc´ÀKXm ZrjvSnÀap{Zm `hXn
53. \ tcmtKm acWw Xky \ \n{Zm a £p
[m Xrjm I
\ N aqÀOm `th¯ky tbm ap{Zmw
th¯n tJNcnw
54. ]oUntX \ NtcmtKW en]ytX \
k IÀ½`nx I
_[ytX \ N tI\m]n tbm ap{Zmw
th¯n tJNcnw
55. Nn¯w NcXn tJ bkva mÖnlzm NcXn
tJ bXx
tXt\bw tJNco ap{Zm kÀhkn²
\akvI rXm
Pm\Ôc _Ôw sN¿pt¼mÄ IWvTw kt¦mNn¸n-
¡p¶Xn\m AarXw Aánbn ]Xn¡p¶nÃ. hmbp
Nen¡p¶nÃ. \m¡v hn]coXam¡n I]meIplc¯nÂ
{]thin¸n¡pIbpw c­p ]pcnI§Ä¡pw at[y ZrjvSn
Dd¸n¡pIbpw sNbvXm AXv tJNco ap{ZbmWv. AXp
sNbvXm tcmKtam, acWtam, hnit¸m, Zmltam D­m
InÃ. tJNcoap{Z A`ykn¨n«pffh\v t_m[t¡SnÃ;
tcmKnbmInÃ. AXv Adnªh\v {]Xn_豈 D­m
InÃ. AXnsâ km[\bm Nn¯hpw Pnlzhpw BIm
i¯n k©cn¡p¶p; kn²·mcpw B ap{Zsb \akv¡
cn¡p¶p.
56. _nµpaqe icocmWn inckvX{X
{]XnjvTnXmx I
N P
`mhb´o icocmWn B ]mZXe akvXIw K
57. tJNcy ap{ZnXw tb\ hnhcw
ew_n tImÀ²zXx I
\ Xky £obtX _nµpx Iman\ymenwKn
Xky N
58. bmhXv _nµp ØntXm tZtl Xmh·pXyp `bw
IpXx bmhXv _²m \t`m ap{Zm XmhXv
_nµpÀ\ KÑXn
59. PzentXm f ]n bYm _nµpx kw{]m]vXÝ
lpXmi\w
{hPXypÀ [zmwKXx iàym \ncpt²m
tbm\n ap{Ztbm
60. k]q\À hnhnt[m _nµpx ]mWv Utcm
temlnkvX Ym
]mWvU cw ip¢anXymlqÀ temln
XmJymw Pyw almcPx
]mZw apXÂ incÊphscbpff kÀhmwK§sfbpw
t]mjn¸n¡p¶ kncÊpIÄs¡Ãmw B[mcw _nµphmWv.
tJNcnap{Zbm \m¡n\p apIfn I]me Iplcw _Ôn
¡p¶hsâ hocyw \jvSs¸Sp¶nÃ. kv{XobpsS BenwK\
¯mepw \jvSs¸SnÃ. tZl¯n hocyapffnSt¯mfw
Imew arXyp `bw th­. tJNcn ap{Zm _²ambncn¡p¶nS
t¯mfw Imew _nµp (hocyw) \jvSs¸SnÃ. _nµp¡Ä
\nÀKan¨p AánXXzs¯ {]m]n¨mepw tbm\nap{ZbmÂ
AXv XSªp \ndp¯n DuÀ[zKmanbm¡mhp¶XmWv.
_nµp c­p hn[ap­v. H¶p shfp¯Xv, atäXv Npa¶Xv.
shfp¯\ndapffXnsâ t]cv ip¢sa¶pw Npa¶ \ndap
ÅXntâXv almcPÊv F¶pamWv.
61. knµqc {hmXk¦miwchnØm\ØnXw cPx
iinØm\ØnXw ip¢w XtbmsscIyw
kpZpÀe`m
62. _nµpx {_Òm cPx iànx _nµcnµp cmtPm
chnx D`tbmxk kwKamtZh {]m]ytX
]caw ]Zw.
63. hmbp\m iànthtK\ t{]cnXw N bYm cPx
bmXn _nµpx kssZhXzw `thZv
Znhyh]pkv XZm
64. ip¢w Nt{µW kwbpàw cPx kqtcyW
kwKXw I
Xtbmx kacsskIXzw tbm Pm\mXn
ktbmKhnXv
65. tim[\w \mUoPmeky Nme\w
N{µkqcytbmx I
ckm\mw timjWw ssNh almap{Z`obtX.
knµqcw t]mse {]Imin¡p¶ chnØm\amWv cP
Ênsâ Øm\w. ip¢¯nsâ Øm\w N{µ\mWv c­nsâ
 732
I bpw kwtbmKw ITn\amWv. _nµp {_Òmhpw cPÊv
iànbpa{X. _nµp N{µ\pw cPÊv kqcy\pamWv. c­n
sâbpw kwKa¯m ]ca{]m]vXn ssIhcpw. hmbp\oX
amb cPÊv _nµphpambn kwtbmPn¨v H¶mbn¯ocp
t¼mÄ tZlw Znhyambn `hn¡p¶p. ip¢w N{µt\mSpw
cPÊv kqcyt\mSpw tNÀ¶ncn¡p¶p. ChcpsS sFIyw
Adnbp¶h\mWv tbmKhn¯v C\n \mUo Pmetim-
[\bpw N{µkqcy·mcpsS Ne\w cktimjWw Ch
kw`hn¡p¶ almap{Zsb¸än ]dbp¶p.
66. h t£ m \ y k y l \ p x {] ] oU y k p N nc w
tbm\nw N hmamw{LnWm lkvXm`ymk\p[mcb³
{]kcnXw ]mZw XYmZ£nWw. B]pcy izkt\\
I£nbpKfw _²zm iss\x tcNtb GXZv hym[n
hn\min\n kyalXo ap{Zm \rWmw t{]mNytX.
XmSn s\t©mSp tNÀ¯p sh¨v CSXpImep sIm­v
tbm\nØm\s¯ hfsc t\cw AaÀ¯n sh¨ heXp
Im t\sc \o«n c­p ssIIÄ sIm­pw ]nSn¡Ww.
]ns¶ Ccp ]mÀiz§fnepw izmkw \nd¨v kmh[m\w
tcNIw sN¿Ww. CXv al¯pw kÀhtcmK§fpw AIäp
¶Xpamb almap{ZbmWv.
67. N{µmwti\ ka`yky kqcymwti\m`y
tkXv ]p\x I
bm XpeymXp `thXv kwJym XtXm ap{Zmw
hnkÀ PtbXv
68. \ln]Yya]Yyw hm ckm kÀth]n
\ockmx I
AXnapàw hnjw tLmcw ]obpj
anh PocytX
69. £b IpjvT KpZm hÀ¯ KpevamPoÀ®
]ptcmKamx I
Xky tcmKmx £bw bm´n almap{Zmw Xptbm f
`ytkXv
70. IYnXm f bw almap{Zm
almkn²mIn\rWmw I
tKm]\obm {]bXvt\\ \ tZbm
bkyIkyNnXv
BZyw CSs¯ \mkmc{Ô¯n IqSn A`ykn
¡Ww. ]ns¶ hes¯ \mkmc{Ô¯n IqSn. c­nsâ
bpwkwJy XpeyamIpt¼mÄ A`ymkw \ndp¯mw. CXp
ap{ZbpsS {]`mh¯m GXp Xcw `£Whpw lrZyambn
¯ocp¶p. Xo{hhnjhpw AarXw t]mse Zln¡pw. £bw,
IpjvTw, `Kµcw, Kpeam, APoÀ®w F¶Ã kÀÆtcmK
§fpw alm ap{ZbpsS A`ymkw sIm­v ian¡p¶p.
almkn²n {]Zm\w sN¿p¶ Cu almap{Zsb¸än tKm]y
ambn sh¡Ww. I®n I­hÀ¡v ]dªp sImSp
¡cpXv.
N P
71. ]ßmk\w kamcply kaImbintcm[cx K
\mkm{KZrjv SntcImt´ P]tZmwImahybw
GIm´ Øe¯v ]ßmk\¯nencp¶v \nhÀ
¶ncp¶v icochpw incÊpw t\scbm¡n. \mknIm{K¯nÂ
ZrjvSn Dd¸n¨v Ahybamb HmlvImcw P]n¡Ww.
72. Hmw \nXyw, ip²w, _p²w, \nÀhnIev ] w,
\ncRv P \w, \ncmJymXw, A\mZn\n[\taIw
Xpcobw bZv `qXw `hZv. `hnjyXv ]cnhÀ¯am\w
kÀhZm A\hÑn¶w ]cw{_Òw Xkva mÖmXm
]cmiànx kzbw tPymXncmßnIm Atácm]x
AZv`ym ]rYnhn. tXjmw ]©`qXm\mw ]Xbx ]©
kZminthizccp{Z hnjv W p {_mÒWtÝXn.
tXjmw {_Òhnjv W p cp{ZmÝmNv ]¯nØn
Xneb IÀ¯mc cmPtkm {_Òm kmXzntIm
hnjvW p kvX matkm cp{Z CXn. GtX {Xtbm
KpWbpàmx {_ÒmtZhm\mw {]Yax kw_`qhx
[mXm N krjvSu hnjvW pÝ ØnXu cp{ZÝ
\mtit`mKmb N{µx {]YaPmx _`qhpwx GtXjmw
{_mÒtWm temIm tZhXncy¡v \c ØmhcmÝ
Pmbt´ I tXjmw a\pjymZo\mw ]©`qXka
hmbx icocw I Úm\hnjssb. {]mWmZn]©
hbbpw at\ m_n² n N n¯l¦ mss cx Ø qe
Iev] nssX tkm f ]n Øqe{]IrXncnXypNtX.
Ú m\ I À t½{µ ns s bÀ Ú m\ h nj s s b
{]mWmZn ]©hmbp at\m _p²n`nÝ kq£va
tØ f ]n enwKtath Xyp NytX. KptWm{Xb
bpàw ImcWw kÀthjmtahw {XoWnicocmWn
hÀ¯nt´. P{KXv kz]v\ kpjp]vXnXpcotÝXy
hØmÝX{kxk Xmkma akvYmama[n ]XbÝ
Xzmcx ]pcpjmx hnizssXPk{]mÚmtÝXn.
hntizmln Øqe `q§v \nXyw ssXPkx {]-
hnhnà `pIv B\µ `pIv XYm {]mÚx kÀh
km£oXyXx ]cx
\nXyhpw, ip²hpw, _p²hpw, \nÀhnImhpw,
\nRvP\hpw, \malnXhpw, A\mZnbpw, arXypkzcq]hpw,
GIhpw, Xpcob\pw, `qX`hnjy hÀ¯am\ Ime§fnepw
AhnÑn¶cq]´\pw Bb ]{_Ò¯n \n¶pw kzbw
tPymXn cq]nWnbmb ]cmiànbp­mbn. BßmhnÂ
\n¶v BImiw D­mbn. BImi¯n \n¶v hmbp;
hmbphn \n¶v Aán; Aánbn \n¶v Pew, Pe¯nÂ
\n¶v ]rYzn. Cu ]©`qX§fpsS \mY·mÀ kZminh\pw
Cuizc\pw cp{Z\pw hnjvWphpw {_ÒmhpamWv. {_Òmhv
krjvSn IÀ¯mhmWv. hnjvWp kwc£I³; cp{Z³ {]fb
IÀ¯mhv; {_Òmhv ctPmKpWbpà\mWv;hnjvWp kXz
KpWbpà³; cp{Z³ Xtam KpWbpà³, {_Òmhv
tZh·mcn {]Ya\mbn P\n¨p. krjvSn¡m³ {_Òmhpw,
c£n¡m³ hnjvWphpw, kwlcn¡m³ cp{Z\pw, t`mK
 733
I § Ä¡ p N{µ\pw B Zyambn DÛ hn¨p. C hcnÂ
{_Òmhn \n¶p temIhpw, tZh·mcpw, Xzncy¡pIfpw,
a\pjycpw, Ømhc§fpw DÛhn¡p¶p. a\pjy icocw
]©`qX§fpsS kwtbmK¯mep­mIp¶p. Úmt\
{µob§Ä, IÀt½{µnb§Ä, Úm\w, hnjbw {]mWmZn
]©hmbp¡Ä a\Êv , _p²n, Nn¯w, Al¦mcw
ChsbÃmw Øpe cq]¯n k¦ev]nX§fmWv. Cu
icochpw Øqe {]IrXnbptSXmWv. Úmt\{µnb§fpw
IÀt½{µnb§fpw Úm\hpw hnjbhpw ]©hmbp¡fpw
a\Êv, _p²n, Nn¯w, Al¦mcw ChsbÃmw Øqe cq]-
¯n k¦ev]nX§fmWv. Cu icochpw Øqe {]IrXn-
bptSXmWv. Úmt\{µnb§fpw, IÀt½{µnb§fpw
Úm\hpw, hnjbhpw, ]©hmbp¡fpw a\Êv, _p²n
F¶nhbpw kq£va cq]¯nÂenwK§Ä F¶p ]dbp¶p.
ImcWw {XnKpWmßIamWv. GhÀ¡pw aq¶p icocap­v.
Pm{KX, kz]v\ w, kpjp]vXn,Xpcobw F¶v \mev Ah
ØIfpw D­v. Ahbvs¡Ãmw A[n]Xnbmbn hnizw,
ssXPkw, {]mÚw, Bßmhv Chbn \mep ]pcpj
·mp­v.Øqe¯nsâ t`màmhv hnizhpw GIm´¯n
tâXv ssXPkhpw B\µ¯ntâXv {]mÚhpw BWv.
]c³ kÀh¯n\pw km£n cq]amWv.
73. {]WXx kÀhXmXnjvtTXv kÀh Pothjp
t`mKXmx
A`ncmaØp kÀhmky hyhØmkp
lyt[mapJx
74. BImc DImtcm aImctÝXn {Xtbm hÀ®m
kv{Xtbm tZhm kv{Xtbm KpWm kv{Xo\ym£
cmWn Ghw {]Whx {]ImitX {Xbx BImtcm
P m{K X n t\ t {X h À ¯ t X k À h P ´ p j p
kzcmDImc IWv T Xx kz]v t \ aI mtcmlrZn
kp]vXnXmx
75. hncmUv h nizx ØqeÝImc lncWy KÀ`
sskXPkx kp£va Ý DImcx ImcW hymIrXx
{]mÚÝ aImcx BImtcm cmPmtkm ctàm
{_Òm tNX\ DÑytX. DImc kmXznIx ipt¢m
hnjvWpcoXym`n[n btX.
kÀh PohPme§fpsSbpw t`mKIme¯v {]Whw
`n¶cq]¯n hkn¡p¶p. AXv FÃm AhkvYbnepw
A t[m·pJambn A`ncan¡p¶p. AImcw DImcw aImcw
ap¶ pw ap ¶phÀ®§ fpw aq¶p thZ§ fpw a p¶p
temI§fpw ap¶p KpW§fpw ap¶pA£c§fpw
ap¶pkzc§fpw FÃmw {]Whw aptJ\ {]Imin¡p¶p.
FÃm¯nepw Pm{KZmhØbn AImcw t\{X§fnÂ
hkn¡p¶p. kz]v\mhØbn DImcw IWvT¯nepw
kpjp]vXmhØbn aImcw lrZb¯nepw hkn
¡p¶p. BImcw Øqehpw hncm«pw hnizhpamWv. DImcw
N P
lncWyKÀ`hpw, ssXPkhpw, kq£v a hpw, aImcw K
ImcWhpw, AhymIrXhpw {]mÚhpamIp¶p. AImcw
cmPkw, càhÀ®w {_Òmhv F¶n§s\ ]dbs¸Sp¶p.
DImcw kmXznIw ip¢hÀ®w hnjvW p F¶pw aImcw
Xmakw IrjvWhÀ®w cp{Z³ F¶o \ma§fmepw ]db
s¸Sp¶p.
76. aImckvXakxIrjvtWm cp{ZtÝXn
XtYmNytX I
{]WhmXv {]`thm {_·m {]WhmXv
{]`thm lcnx
77. {]WhmXv {]`thm cp{Zmx{]Wthm ln
]tcm `thXv
BImtc eobtX{_· DImtc enbtX lcnx
78. aImtc enbtX cp{Zmx {]Wthm ln
{]ImitX I
Úm\n\m aqÀ[ztKm `qbm ZÚm t\kym
Zt[mapJx
79. Ghw ssh {]WhkvXn jvtTZykvXyw thZk
thZhnXv I
A\mlX kzcqt]W PmRm\n\
aqÀ[ztKm `hXv.
80. ssXe [mcmamhnNvOn¶w ZoÀLL­
\n\mZhXv I
{]Whky [z\n kvssXhkvX `{K,
{_Ò tNmNytX:
{]Wh¯n \n¶pamWv {_Òmhv, hnjvWp, cp{Z³
F¶o aq¶p aqÀ¯nIfpw D­mbXv. {]Whw Xs¶bmWv
]cmXXzw {_Òmhv AImc¯nepw hnjvWp DImc¯nepw
cp{Z³ aImc¯nepw hnebw {]m]n¡p¶p.{]Whw am{X
amWv Øncw. AXv Úm\nIfn DuÀ[zapJambpw
AÚm\nIfn At[mapJambpw ØnXnsN¿p¶p.
{]Whw am{Xta Øncambns«mffq. AXns\ Adnbp¶
h\mWv thZhn¯v AXv A\mlX cq]¯n PvR m\n
Ifn DuÀ[zKXnbmbncn¡p¶ {]Wh¯nsâ A\ml-
X [z\n AhnÑn¶ ssXe[mct]msebpw ZoÀL L­m
\mZw t]msebpw `hn¡p¶p. A{K`mKw Xs¶bmWv {_Ò
sa¶p ]dbp¶Xv.
81. tPymXnÀa abw XZ{Kw kzmZhmNyw
_p²n kq£va Xmx I
`ZrÝqtcy almßmt\m bkvX thZ
kthZ hnXv.
82. Pm{Kt¶{X ZztbmÀ at[y lwk
Gh {]ImitX I
kImcx tJNco t{]màkvXw]Zw
tNXn \nÝnXw.
 734
I 83. lImx ]ctaix kzm¯Xv ]Zw tNXn
\nÝnXw I
kImtcm [zbtX P´p lImtcm ln
`thZv {Zphw.
84. C{µnssbÀ h[ytX Poh Bßm ssNh
\ _[ytX I
aaXzt\ `thm Öothm \nÀ½atXz\ tIhex
85. `qÀ`qhx kzcnta temIm tkmam
kqcymán tZhXmx
bky am{Xmkp XmjvT´n XXv]cw
tPymXntcmanXn.
A{K`mKamb {_Òw tPymXnÀ abhpw AhmNyhp
amWv. alm·mÀ AXns\ kq£va _p²nbn ImWp¶p.
AXdnbp¶hm\mWv thZhn¯v. Pm{KZmhØbn c­p
t\{X§fpsSbpw at[y lwkw {]Imin¡p¶p. AXnse
kImcw tJNcocp]amIp¶p. lImcw ]ctaizcsâ ]Z
amWv. kImcs¯ [ym\n¡p¶ Poh³ \nÝbambpw
lImccq]amb Cuizc\mbn¯ocp¶p. C{µnb§Ä
Pohs\ _Ô¯nÂs]Sp¯p¶p. AhÀ¡v
Bßmhns\ _Ôn¡m³ IgnhnÃ. aaX \nan¯w
Poh³ Pohn¡p¶p. aaX \jvSs¸«m ssIheykzcq]
ambn `qtemIw `qhÀtemIw, kzÀtemIw, N{µ³, kqcy³,
Aán, BZnth·mÀ FÃmw ]catPymXnkzcq]amb Hmw¦m
cam{XIfn Xs¶bmWv \nesImffp¶Xv.
86. CÑm {Inbm XYm Úm\w {_mÒo cu{Zo N I
sshjvWho {Xn[mam{XØnXnÀ b{X
XXv] cw tPymXn tcmanXn
87. hNkmXÖt]¶nXyw h]pjm XXv
ka`ytkXv I
a\km XÖt]¶nXyw XXv]cw tPymXn
tcmanXn
88. ipNnÀ hm]yipNnÀ hm]n tbm Pt]Xv
{]Whw kZm I
k \ en]yXn ]mt]\ ]ß ]{Xahmw `km
89. Nte hmtX Ntem _nµqÀ \nÝte \nÝtem
`thXv tbmKo ØmWp Xzam]v t \mXn XtXm
hmbpw \ncpÔtbXv.
90. bm]Zv hmbpxØntX tZtl Xm] Öothm
\ap©Xn I
acWw Xky \njv{Im´n kvXtXm hmbpw
\ncpÔtbXv
CÑmiàn, Úm\iàn, {Inbmiàn F¶o
aq¶pw {_Òo cu{Zo sshjvWho F¶o aq¶pam{XIfpw
]catPymXn cq]amb Hmw¦mc¯n ØnXn sN¿p¶p.
AXns\ hm¡psIm­v kZm P]n¡pIbpw icocw
N P
sIm­`ykn¡pIbpw a\ÊpsIm­v P]n¡pIbpw thWw.
K
AXp Xs¶ ]catPymXnkzcq]amb Hmw¦mcw. ip²mh
bnembmepw Aip²mhØbnembmepw Hmw¦mc\ncX-
\mbh³ ]m]apà\mIp¶p. Xmacbnse Pe¯nsâ
AhØbmWh\v hmbp Nen¨m _nµp Nen¡p¶p.
\nÝeamIpt¼mÄ \nÝeamIp¶p. _nµp ØncXbm
emW v tbmKn \nÝe\mIp¶Xv. AXn\m hmbphns\
\ntcm[n¡Ww. tZl¯n hmbp DffnSt¯mfw Imew
Poh\v AXns\ Dt]£n¡ms\m¡nÃ. hmbphnsâ
_lnÀKa\w Xs¶ acWw. AXn\m hmbphns\ \ntcm
[nt¡­Xp­v.
91. bmhXv _t²m acpXv tZtl XmhXv
Pothm \ap©Xn I
bmhXv ZrjvSnÀ {`pthmÀ a[ym
XmhXvIme`bw IpXx
92. Aev] Ime `bmXv {_Ò³ {]mWmbma
]tcm `thXv I
tbmKnt\m ap\b ssÝh XXx {]mWmán
tcm[tbXv
93. jUv hniZwKpenÀ lwkx {]bmWm
IpcptX _lnx I
hma Z£nW amÀt¤W {]mWm bmtam
hn[obtX
94. ip²n taXn bZm kÀhw \mUoN{Iw
aemIpew I
XssZhPmbtX tbmKo {]mW
kw{KlW £ax
95. _² ]ßmkt\m tbmKo {]mWw
Nt{µW ]qctbXv I
[mctbZzm bYm iàym `pbxkqtcyW
tcNtbXv.
hmbp tZl¯n Ønambncn¡p¶nSt¯mfw Poh\v
tamN\anÃ. c­p ]pcnI§fpsSbpw at[y ZrjvSn Ønc
ambncn¡p¶nSt¯mfw F´n\v `bs¸SWw? Ime\nÂ
\n¶v c£t\Sm³ {_Òmhpw {]mWmbma¯n apgpIp
¶p. AXn\m tbmKnacpw ap\namcpw {]mW\ntcm[w
A`ykn¡Ww.lmkw AXmbXv izmkw Ccp]¯n Bdv
AwKpew _lnÀKan¡p¶p. CSXpw heXpw amÀ¤¯n
eqsS {]mWmbmaw sN¿Ww. \mUo N{Iw kIe amen\y
§fn apàamIpt¼mÄ {]mW\ntcm[\ kaÀ°amIpp.
tbmKn ]ßmØ\Ø\mbn CSs¯ \mknImc{Ô¯n-
eqsS hmbp Dffn hen¨Xn\ptijw AXns\ bYm
iIvXn DffnÂXs¶ XSªp \ndp¯n he¯ \mknIm
c{Ô¯n IqSn shfnbnte¡v hnSWw.
 735
I 96. AartXmZ[n k¦miw tKm£oc[htfm
]aw I
[ymXzm N{µakmw _nw_w {]mWmbmta
kpJo `thXv
97. kv^pcXv {]Pme kwPmem ]qPymamZnXy
aWvU ew I
[ymXzm lyZn ØnXw tbmKo
{]mWmbmta kpJn `thXv
98. {]mWw tN Zn X bm ]nt_¶nb anXw
`qtb \yYm tcNtbXv I
]oXzm ]nwKfbm kaocWatYm
_²zm XytPZv hmtatbmx I
kqcyN{µ akmct\\ hn[n\m _nµp
Zzbw [ymbtXx I
ip²m \mUnKWm `h´nbant¶ hmk
Zzbm ZqÀ[zx
99. btYjvS [mcWw hmtbmc\eky
{]Zo]\w I
\mZm`n hyàncmtcmKyw PmbtX \mUn
tim[\mXv
100. {]mtWm tZlØntXm bmhZv ]m\w Xp I
\ncpÔtbXv GI izmkabo am{Xm
DuÀ[zt[m Kat\ KXn.
]m¡S t]msebpw ]iphn³ ]mep t]msebpw
shfp¯ N{µ_nw_w [ym\n¨psIm­v {]mWmbmaw sN¿
Ww. AXn\ptijw Pzen¡p¶ Pzmebvs¡¸w lyZb
ØnX\mb kqcys\ [ym\n¨v {]mWmbmaw sN¿Ww.
BZyw CUbn izmksaSp¯p ]nwKfbn IqSn tcNIw
sNbvXv ]nwKfbneqsS izkn¨v CUbn IqSn ]pd
t¯¡p hnSWw. C§s\ kqcyN{µ _nµp¡sf [ym\n¨v
A`ykn¨m c­p amk¯n\pffn Xs¶ \mUnIÄ
ip²amIpw. hmbphnsâ btYjvS{]thiw, PTcmánZo]\w
\mZ {ihWw BtcmKyw Ch \mUntim[\sIm­v km[y-
amIp¶p. tZl¯n {]mWhmbp \ne\n¡p¶nSt¯mfw
A]m\s\ \ntcm[n¡Ww. GImizmkbpàamb am{X
lyZbmImi¯n apIfnepw Xmsgbpw h¶pw t]mbpancn-
¡p¶p­v.
101. tcNIx ]qcI ssÝ h Iqw`Ix
{]mWhmXIx I
{]mWmbmtam `thtZhw am{Xm ZzmZikwbpXx
102. am{Xm ZzmZi kwbpàu, ZnhmImc \nimIcu
tZmj Pmea_²w\ ´u ÚmXhyu
tbmKn`nx kZm
N P
103. ]qcIw ZzmZiw IqcymXv Ipw`Iw tjmUjx K
`thXv
tcNIw ZitNmw Imcx {]mWmbmax
k DNytX
104. {][ta ZzmZimam{Xm a[yta ZznKpWm aXm I
D¯ta {XnKpWm t{]màm {]mWm
bmaky \n˨bx
105. A[ta tkzZP\\w It¼m `hXn
a[yta D¯ta I
Øm\a]vt\mXn XtXm hmbpw \ncpÔtbXv
tcNIw, ]qcIw, Ipw`Iw Ch {]mW kzcq]§fmWv.
{]mWmbmaw ZzmZi am{Xbn sN¿Ww. ]{´­p am{XI-
tfmSpIqSnb kqcyN{µ·mcpsS Cu {]mWmbmaw, kakvX
tZmj§fpw \in¸n¡p¶XmWv. ZzmZi am{Xmbpàamb
]qcIw, sNbvXn«v ]Xn\mdp am{XItfmSp IqSnb Ipw`Iw
sN¿Ww. CXns\ Hm¦m {]mWmbmasa¶v ]dbp¶p.
ZzmZiam{Xmbpàamb {]mWmbmaw eLphpw CXnsâ
C«nbpffXv a[yahpw aq¶n«nbpffXv D¯ahpamIp¶p.
eLphmb {]mWmbma¯n hndbep­mIpw. D¯a
{]mWmbma¯n Ccn¸nS¯n \n¶v s]m§p¶pthm
F¶p tXm¶ep­mIp¶p. C§s\ hmbphns\ \ntcm-
[nt¡­Xp­v.
106. _²]Zvam kt\m tbmKo \akvIrXy
Kpcpw inhw I
\mkm{K Zrjv SntbImIo {]mWmbmaw
ka`ytkXv.
107. ZzmcmWmw \hkw\ncp²y apXw _²zm
ZrVm [mcWmw I
\oXzm Imea]mhÓn klnXw iàym
kawNmenXw I
Bß[ym\bpX kvXzt\ \ hn[n\m hn\yky
aqÀ[v\n Øncw I
bmh¯njvT Xn XmhtZh alXmw kwtKm\
kwkv XqbtX
108. {]mWmbmtam `thtZhw ]mXtIÔ\
]mhI I
`thmZ[n almtkXp I t{]mNytX
tbmKn`n I kZm
109. Bkt\\ cpPw l´n {]mWm bmta\
]mXIw I
hnImcw am\kw tbmKn {]XymlmtcW
apPv NXn.
110. [mcWm`nÀ at\mss[cyw bmXn
ssNX\yaZv`pXw I
kamt[m tam£am]vt\mXn Xzàzm
IÀ½ ip`mip`w.
 736
I kam[\ tam£ am]vt\mXn Xyàzm IÀ½ ip`m`p`w
]ßmk\¯nencp¶psIm­v inh\mIp¶ Kpcphns\
\akvIcn¡Ww. ]ns¶ \mknIm{K¯nÂZrjvSnbpd¸n¨v
GImInbmbn {]mWmbmaw sN¿Ww. \hZzmc§sfbpw
\ntcm[n¨v hmbp AS¡n ZrVambn iàn Nme\w sNbvXv
A]m\s\bpw Aán klnXw IpWvUen\nsbbpw apI
fnte¡v sIm­pt]mbn Bß[ym\t¯msS AXns\
incÊn \ndp¯pI. F {X kabw AXv AhnsS
Ønambncn¡pt¶m A{Xbpw \ÃXmWv. C§s\bpff
{]mWmbmaw ]m]amIp¶ hndIn\v Aánbpw kwkm-
ckmKcXcW¯n\v tkXphpamWv. Bk\w sIm­v
tcmKm[nIfpw {]mWmbma¯n ]m]hpw ian¡p¶p.
tbmKnbpsS am\knI hnImc§Ä {]Xymlmc¯mÂ
ZqcoIrXamIp¶p.[mcW sImWASv at\mss[cyhpw
kam[nbm AÛpXmhlamb ssNX\yhpw D­mIp¶p.
A§s\ tbmKn ip`mip` IÀ½ hnapIvX\mbn tam£w
hcn¡p¶p.
111. {]mWmbmaZznjSvtI\ {]Xymlmcx
{]IoÀ¯nXm I
{]XymlmcZznjSvtI\ PmbtX [mcWmip`m
112. [mcWm ZzmZi t{]màw [ym\w tbmK
hnimcss` I
[ym\ ZzmZ ktIss\h kam[n c`n PmbtX
113. bXv kam[u ]cw tPymXn c\´w
hniztXm apJw I
Xkva n³ ZrjvtS {InbmIÀ½ bmXm
bmtXm \hnZytX
114. kw_²mk\ ta{UawLnbpKfw
IÀ®m£n\mkm ]pS I
ZzmcmZywKpen`nÀ \nbay]h\w ht{àW
hm ]pcnXw I
_[zm h£kn _lz]m\ klnXw
aqÀ[v\n Øncw I
[mctb tZh bm´n hntij XXzkaXmw
tbmKoizc kvX·\x
{]mWmbmahpw {]Xymlmchpw ]{´­p XhW
A`ykn¨m ip`amb [mcWbp­mIpw ]{´­p XhW
sN¿p¶ [mcWsb [ym\w F¶v ]dbp¶p. ]{´­p
[ym\w sIm­v kam[nssIhcpw kam[n ssIh¶mÂ
]catPymXnÊnsâ A\´hniztXm apJ`mh¯mÂ
{InbmImi KXmKX§fn \n¶v tamN\w e`n¡p¶p.
Bk\Ø\mbn c­p ImepIfpw ta{UØm\¯p
tNÀ¯p sNhn, I®v, aq¡v F¶nhbpsS Zzmc§Ä hncep-
IÄ sIm­v_Ôn¨v hmbphns\ hmbphn IqSn hen¨v
Dffnte¡v sIm­p t]mIWw. AXns\ A]m\\pambn
tbmPn¸n¨v s\©n \ntcm[n¡Ww. ]n¶oSv incÊnÂ
ØocoIcn¡Ww. C§s\ AXn tXPÊns\ ebn¸n¨v
N P
tbmKnIÄ ka`mh\tbmsS hntijXXzw {]m]n¡p¶p. K
115. KK\w ]ht\ {]m]vtX [z\n cpXv
]ZytX alm³ I
L­mZo\mw {]mhmZymXmw \mZ
kn²ocpZocnXmx
BImi¯n ImäSn¡pt¼mÄ al¯mb [z\n
D­mIp¶p. aWnbpsSbpw aäpw i_vZw tIÄ¡s¸Sp¶p.
AtXmsSm¸w \mZ kn²nbpw ssIhcp¶p.
116. {]mWmbmta\ bptà\ kÀh
tcmK£tbm `thXv I
{]mWmbma hnbpà`yx kÀhtcmK
kapZv `hx
117. ln¡m ImkkvXYm izmk;incx
IÀ®m£n thZ\mx I
`h´n hnhn[mx tcmKmx ]h\ hyXyb{IamXvx
118. bYm knwtlm KtPm hym{Lx `thZv
hiyx iss\x I
iss\xXssYh tkhntXm hmbp \yYm
l´n km[Iw
119. bpàw bpàw XytPXv hmbpw bpàw bpàw
{]]qctbXv I
bpàw bpàw {]_Ôo bmtZhw
kn²nahm ]m\pbmXv
120. NcXmw N£pcmZo\mw hnjtbjp
bYm{Iaw I
bXv {]XymcWw tXjmw {]Xymlmcxk
DNytX.
121. bYm XrXob Imte Xp chn{]XymltcXv
{]`mw I
XrXobmwKØntXm tbmKn hnImcw am\kw
ltcXv CXyp]\njXv
kÀh tcmK§fpw {]mWmbma¯m kpJs¸Sp¶p.
{]mWmbma clnXambm kIe tcmK§fpw ]nSns¸
Sp¶p. F¡nÄ Npa, izmkw, sNhnthZ\, I®p thZ\
XpS§nb tcmK§Ä¡p ImcWw hmbp hnImcamWv.
knwlw, B\, hym{Lyw XpS§nb P´p¡sf kmh[m\w
sacp¡nbm hi¯m¡mw. AXpt]mse hmbphns\bpw
hi¯m¡mw.Asæn AXv km[Isâ acW ImcW
amImw. hmbphns\ bpàn]qÀhw \ntcm[n¡Ww. F
¶m kn²n ssIhcpw. hnjb kpJ§ fnte¡p
t]mIp¶ N£pcmZnIfmb C{µnb§sf XSp¡p¶XmWv
{]Xymlmw. aq¶mw bma¯n kqc y{]Imiw Ipdªph
cp¶Xp t]mse XrXoXmwKØ\mbn tbmKn at\mhnIm
c§sf \nb{´n¡Ww D]\nj¯v DXvt_m[n¸n¡p¶p.
tbmKNqUmaWn D]\nj¯v kam]n¨p.
 737

I K
1tbmK-X-tXzm-]-\n-j¯v
3

im´n-]mTw ¸än ]d-bmw. {i²-tbmsS tIÄ¡p-I. kÀh Pohn-Ifpw

Hmw. kl-\m-h-Xp. kl \u `p\-àq. kl- amb -bpsS ambm-Pm-e -¯m _Zv[a - m-Wv. ambm-Pmew
hocyw Ic-hm-hs- sl. tXPkzn \mh-[o-X-a-kvXp. am XIÀ¯v AhÀ¡v apàn amÀ¤w ImWn-¨p-sIm-Sp-¡m-\p-
hnZz-jm-h-ssl. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx ÅXpw P· Pcm-hym-[n-If- n \ns¶Ãmw tamN\w In«m-\p-
Å-Xp-am-b-amÀ¤w CXmWv''
]c-{_Òw R§sf c­p-t]-scbpw Hcp-an¨v c£n-¡-
s«. c­p t]scbpw Hcp-an¨v ]cn-]m-en-¡-s«. R§Ä c­p- 6. \m\m-amÀss¤kvXp Zpjv{]m]w
t]cpw Hcp-an¨v Ign-hp-IÄ t\S-s«. R§-fpsS A[y-b\w ssIheyw ]caw ]Zw
tXPn-kzn-bm-I-s«. R§Ä ]c-kv]cw tZzjn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡-s«. ]XnXm imkv{X-Pm-tejp
Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx
{]Úbm tX\ tamlnXm
1. tbmK-XXzw {]h-£yman
7. A\nÀhmNyw ]Zw hàpw
tbmKn\mw lnX Imaybm
\ iIyw XXv kpssc-c]n
bÑrXzm N ]TnXzm N
kzmß-{]-Imi cq]w XXv
kÀh ]mss] {]ap-NytX
Inw imkvt{XW {]Im-itX
2. hnjvWpÀ \ma alm-tbmKo
8. \njvIew \nÀ½ew im´w
alm-`qtXm alm X]mx
kÀhm-XowX \ncm-abw
X¯z-amÀt¤ bYm-Zot]m
Xtah Poh-cp-t]W
ZriytX ]pcp-tjm-¯ax
]pWy ]m] ]sseÀhrXw
3. Xam-cm[y PK-¶mYw
9. ]c-amß ]Zw \nXyw
{]Wn-]Xy ]nXm-alx
]{]-Ñt- bm-K-XXzw ta XXv IYw Poh-Xmw-KXw kÀh-`m-h]
- Z- m-XoXw
{_pln NmjvSmwK kwbpXw Úm\-cq]w \nc-RvP\w
4. Xap-hmN lrjo-tItim 10. hmcn-hXv kv^pcnXw Xkvanwþ
h£yman irWp XXzXx kvX{Xmlw IrXn-cp-°nXm
kÀth Pohm kpssJÀ ZpxssJÀ ]©m-ßI
- a
- -`qXv ]nWvUw
ambm Pmte\ thjvSnXmx [mXp _²w KpWm-ßI
- w.
5. tXjmw apàn-Icw amÀ¤w aäp amÀ¤w B{i-bn-¨m ssIh-ey-am-Ip¶ ]c-a-]Zw
ambm Pme \nIr-´\w In«m³ {]bm-k-am-W.v hnhn[ imkv{X-a-X-§-en IpSp§n
P·-a rXyp Pcm-hym-[nþ Úm\n-I-fpsS _p²n ]I-bv¡p-¶p. A\nÀh-N-\o-b-amb
B ]Zw tZh-·mÀ¡pw hÀ®n-¡m³ {]bmkw kzmß-{]-
\mi\w arXyp Xmc-Iw.
Im-in-Xc
- q-]s¯ imkv{X-§Äs¡-§s\ {]Im-in-¸n-¡m³
Rm³ tbmKn-I-fpsS lnX- ¯n-\p- th­n tbmK-X- Xz-s¯- Ignbpw? \njvI-f-¦hpw \nÀ½-ehpw im´hpw kÀhm-Xo-
¸än ]d-bmw. AXp tIÄ¡p- Itbm ]Tn-¡p- Itbm sNbvXm Xhpw \ncm-a-b-hp-amb XXzw Xs¶-bmWv Poh-cq-]¯ - nÂ
]m]-saÃmw \in-¡pw. hnjvWp Xs¶-bmWv alm-tbmKn; ]pWym-]p-Wy-^-e-bp-à-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. \nXy\pw `mhm-
kÀh-`q-X§
- -fp-sSbpw BZn-a-lm-`q-Xhpw alm X]-kznbpw
Xo-X\pw Úm\ kzcq-]nbpw ambm-c-ln-X-\p-amb B]-c-
At±lw Xs¶. B ]pcp-tjm-¯ -a³ XXz-amÀ¤-¯n Zo]w
am-ßm-hnsâ ]Zw Pohn-IÄs¡-§s\ e`n¡mw? AXnÂ
t]mse {]Im-in-¡p-¶p. {_Òmhv PK-¶m- b-I-\mb hnjvWp-
shÅ-¯n-s\m¯ kv^pc-Wa - p-­mbn AXn Al-¦m-c-
hns\ Bcm-[n¨v \a-kvI-cn¨v C§s\ ]d-ªp. ""As§-
ap-­m-bn. ]ns¶ ]©-a-lm-`q-Xa - m-Ip¶ [mXp-hn-\m _²-
\n¡v AjvSmw-Kb - p-àa
- mb tbmKw D]-tZ-in¨p XcWw''
amb KpWm-ßI ]nWvUw ]nd-¶p.
AXp-tI«v lr-jn-tI-i³ ]dªp ""Rm³ B XXz-s¯-

N P
 738

I 11. kpJ-ZpxssJ kam-bpàw 19. tbmtKm ln _lp[m {_Ò³ K

Poh-` m-h-\-bm- Ipcp `nZytX hyh-lm-cXx
tb\ Pohm-`n[m t{]màm a{´-tbmtKm eb-ssÝh
hnipss²x ]c-am-ß\n ltTmku cmP-tbm-KXx
12. Ima-t{Im[ `bw Nm]n 20. Bcw-`Ý LS-ssÝh
taml-tem` atZm cPx XYm ]cn-Nb- x kvarXx
P·-a r-XypÝ ImÀ¸Wyw \njv]-¯n-tÝXyhØm N
timI-kvX{µm £p[m Xrjzm kÀh{X ]cn-IoÀ¯nXm
13. XrjvWm eÖm `bw ZpxJw AÚm-\-¯m kwkm-chpw Úm\-¯m kwkm-
hnjmtZm lÀj Gh N c-hn-ap-ànbpw `hn-¡p-¶p. BZy-ap-­m-bXv Úm\-kz-cq-]-
G`nÀtZm-ssjÀ hn\nÀap-àxt# am- Wv. Úm\-¯m tÚbw ssIh-cp-¶p. GsXm- ¶n-\mÂ
Pohx k tIhtem aXx kzkz-cq-]Ú - m\w e`n-¡p-¶p, AXp-Xs¶ ssIh-ey-sa¶
14. Xkvam-t±m-j-hn-\m-imÀ°þ ]c-a -]-Zhpw \njvIf- -\nÀ½-e-amb k¨n-Zm-\µ kzcq]w
Dev]¯n ØnXn kwlm-c-§Ä, kv^pc-WÚ - m\w Ch
ap]mbw IY-bman tX
ssIh-cp-¯p-¶p. AXp Xs¶ bYmÀ° Úm\w. C\n
tbmK-lo\w IXw Úm\w tbmK-s¯-¸än ]d-bmw. {_Ò³, tbmK-¯n\v hyh-lm-c-
tam£Zw `hXn {[phw ZrjvSym ]e t`Z-§-fp-ap-­v. a{´-tbm-Kw, eb-tbm-Kw, lT-
15. tbmtKm ln Úm\-lo-\kvXp tbm-Kw, cmP-tbm-Kw. C§s\ tbmK-¯n\v \mev Ah-Ø-
\ £tam. tam£ IÀ½Wn I-fp-s­-¶Xv {]kn-² -am-Wv. Bcw`w LSw ]cn-Nbw
\njv]¯n C§s\ \mev Ah-ØI - -fp-ap-­v.
XkvamXv Úm\w N tbmKw N
apap-£pÀZr-V-a -`y-tkXv 21. GtXjmw e£Ww {_Ò³
kpJ ZpxJ-k-am-bp-à\ - mbn Poh-`m-h-\t- bmsS AXv
ht£y irWp kam-kXx
sN¿p-I. hnip-²-amb ]c-am-ßm-hn Pohm-`n[w F¶ t]cn- amXr-Im-`n-bpXw a{´w
\m AXv Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. Imaw, t{Im[w, `bw, tamlw, ZzmZ-im_vZw Xp tbm Pt]Xv
tem`w, aZw, ctPm-Kp-Ww, P·w arXyp ImÀ¸Wyw timIw 22. {ItaW e`tX Úm\w
X{µ, hni-¸v, Zmlw, XrjvW, eÖ, `bw, ZpxJw, hnjm-
Zw, lÀjw F¶o tZmj- §-fnÂ\n¶v hnap-à-am-bm Poh³
AWn-a m-Zn-Kp-Wm-·nXw
"tIhew' F¶v Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. tZmj-§Ä Zpco-I-cn-¡m- Aev]-_p-²n-cnaw tbmKw
\pÅ D]mbw Rm³ ]d-bmw. tbmK-hn-lo-\-amb Úm\w tkhtX km[-Im-[ax
F§s\ tam£- {]-Z-am-bn- ¯ocpw? Úm\-c-ln-X-amb tbmKw 23. eb-tbm-K-Ýn-¯-eb;
sIm­v tam£w {]m]n-¡m³ km[y-a-Ã. AXp-sIm­v apap-
£p-¡Ä Úm\hpw tbmKhpw A`y-kn-t¡-­-Xp-­v.
tImSnix ]cn-IoÀ¯nXx
KÑw-kvXn-jvT³ P]³ `pRvP³
16. AÚm-\m-tZh kwkmtcm
[ymtb-¶n-jvI-e -ao-izcw
Úm\m-tZh hnap-NytX
24. k Gh eb-tbmKx kymXv
Úm\-kz-cq- ]t- a-hmZu
lT tbmK-aXx irWp
Úm\w tÚssb-I-km-[\w
17. ÚmXw tb\ \nPw cq]w baÝ \nb-a-ssÝh
ssIheyw ]caw ]Zw Bk\w {]mW-kw-bax
\njvImew \nÀ½ew km£mXv 25. {]Xym-lmtcm [mcWm N
k¨n-Zm-\µ cq]Iw [ym\w {`qa-[yta lcnw
18. Dev]-¯n-Øn-Xn-kw-lm-cþ kam[nx ka-Xm-hØm
ØpÀ¯n Úm\-hn-hÀPnXw kmjvSmwtKm tbmK DNytX
GXXv Úm\-anXn t{]màþ Npcp¡n Rm³ Ch-bpsS e£Ww ]d-bmw. am{X-
aY tbmKw {_hoan tX tbmSp tNÀ¶ a{´w Bbn-c¯n Ccp-\qdp {]mhiyw P]n-

N P
 739

I ¡p-¶-h³ {ItaW AWna XpS-§nb AjvssS-izcy 32. {]mWm-bmaw XXx-Ip-cymXv K

kn²nsb {]m]n-¡p-¶p. F¶m Aev] _p²n-I-fmWv ]ßm-k\ - K- Xx kzbw
A§-s\-bpÅ tbmKw sN¿p-¶Xv; AhÀ km[-Im-[-a· - m-
kptim-`\w aTw IpcymXv
cm-W.v Nn¯-e-b-¯n\v tbmK-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶p. AXv ]e-hn-
[-¯ n-e p-a p-­v . \S-¡ p-t ¼mgpw Ccn-¡p-t¼mgpw Dd-§p-
kq£va-Zzmcw Xp \nÀ{h-Ww.
t¼mgpw D®p-t¼mgpw \njvI-f -¦-\mb ]c-a m-ßm-h ns\ 33. kpjvSbp en]vXw tKma-tb\
[ym\n-¡-Ww. A§n-s\-bm-bm AXv eb-tbm-K-am-Wv. C\n kp[bm hm {]b-Xv\Xmx
lT tbmKwþ baw, \nb-aw, Bk-\w, {]mWm-bm-aw, {]Xym- a¡p-ssWÀ½-i-s sIÀep-ssXÀ
lm-cw, [mc-W, [ym\w, kam[n F¶n-h-bmWv AjvSmw-K-
hÀPnXw N {]b-Xv\X
tbm-Kw.
34. Znt\ Znt\ N. k½rjvSw
26. alm-ap{Zm alm-_tÔm k½ÀP\ym hnti-jXx
alm-th[ Ý tJNco hmknXw N kpK-tÔ\
PmeÔ DÍo-bm-\Ý [p]nXw KpevKp-em-Zn`nx
aqe-_-Ôk - vX-ssYh N 35. \mXyp-{ÑnXw \mXn-\oNw
27. ZoÀL {]W-h-k-Ôm\w ssNem-P n-\-Ip-tim-¯ cw
knÔm´ {ihWw ]cw Xt{Xm-]h - niy ta[mho
ht{Pmfo Nma-tcmfo N ]ßm-k\ ka-\znXx
kltPmfo {Xn[m aXm
Ima \oI-s©\ temep-]X - sb arK-Xr-jvWs- b¶p
28. GtXjmw e£Ww {_Ò³ IcpXn _p²n-am-\mb km[-I³ Ah ssIsh-Sn-b-Ww.
{]tXyIw irWp XXzXx ]ßm-k-\-Ø-\mbn {]mWm-bmaw A`y-kn-¡-Ww. AXn\v
eLzm-lmtcm bta-tjzmtIm Hcp \Ã IpSocw sNdnb hmXn-ep-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bXpw Zzmc-
§-sfm¶pw CÃm-¯-Xp-ambn XoÀ¡-Ww. NmWIw sIm­v
aptJym `hXn t\Xcx
AXp sagp-Ip-I. ap«, Nne´n XpS-§nb Pohn-IÄ CÃm-
29. Alnwkm \nb-ta-jzIm ¯- X m-b n-cn-¡ - W w. Znhkw Xq¯p hr¯n-b m-¡ -W w.
apJym ssh NXp-cm-\\ KpÂKpep XpS-§nb kpK-Ô{- Z-hy-§-fm hmkn-X-am-¡p-
kn²x ]ßm XYm-knwlw `{Zw tNXn I. A[nIw heptXm sNdptXm AÃm¯ hkv{Xw [cn¨p
NXp jvTbw amt´m-entem Ipim-k-\-¯ntem Ccp¶v ]ßm-k\w ioen-
¡p-I.
30. {]Y-am-`y-kI - mte Xp
hnLv\m kypÝXp cm\\ 36. EPp-Imbx {]mRvP-enÝ
Bekyw IÙ\w [qÀ¯ tKmjvTo {]W-ta-ZnjvS tZhXmw
a{´m-Zn-km-[\w XtXm Z£nW lkvXky
alm-ap-{Z, alm-_-Ôw, alm-th-[w, tJNco Pme-Ô- AwKp-jvtS-ss\h ]nwKemw
c-_Ô- w, DÍo-bm-\w, aqe-_-Ôw, ZoÀL-{]-W-hkÔm\w, 37. \ncp[y ]pc-tbZv hmbpþ
]c-ak- n-²m-´-{i-hW - w. ht{Pm-fn, Aa-tcm-fn, kl-tPm-fn, anU-bmXp iss\x iss\x
F¶nh aq¶p-hn-[-¯n-epÅ ap{Z-I-fm-W.v {_Ò³ Ah-bn bYm-iày hntcm-t[\
Hmtcm- ¶n-sâbpw e£Ww ]d- bmw. ba-§-fn Aev]m-lmcw
XXx Ipcym¨ Ipw`-Iw.
am{X-amWv apJyw. \nb-a-§-fn Alnw-kbpw {][m-\a - m-
Wv. A`ym-k-¯nsâ BZy-L«- ¯ - n £oWw BXva-{]- 38. ]p\-kvXy-tPXv ]nwK-ebm
iwk [qÀ¯-k-Ãm]w a{´ km[\w apX-emb hnLv\ iss\-tch \ thKXx
§Ä D­m-Ipw. ]p\x ]nwK-fbm ]qcyþ
31. [mXp-kv{Xo-eu-ey-Im-Zo\n ]pc-tb-Zp-Zcw iss\x
arK-Xr-jvWm-a-bm\n ssh 39. [mc-bnXzm bYm-iàn
ÚmXzm kp[o-kvXp-tPXv kÀhm³ tcN-tb-Zn-Ubm iss\x
hnLv\m³ ]pWy-{]-`m-hXx b bmXy-tP-t¯bm ]qcy [mc-tb-Z-hn-tcm-[Xx

N P
 740

I 40. Pm\p-{]-Z-£nWo IrXy 45. Pmbt´ tbmKnt\m tZtl K

\{ZpXw \ hnfw-_nXw Xm\n h£ymay tijXx
AwKp-en-kvt^m-S\w IpcymXv ico-c-eL
- pXm Zo]vXnÀþ
kmam{X ]cn-Ko-btX PT-cmán hnhÀ²\w
\nhÀ¶n-cp¶v ssIIq¸n CjvS-tZ-hs\ \a-kvI-cn¨v 46. IriXzw N ico-cky
heXp ssIsIm­v ]nwK-f sb AaÀ¯n kmh-[m\w XZm-Pm-tbX \nÝn Xw
]pcIw sNbvXv \ntcm-[n¨v Ipw`Iw sN¿p-I. ]ns¶ ]nwK- tbmK-h n-Lv\I - -cm-lmcw
f-ap-tJ\ hmbp-hns\ km[m-cW KXn-bn ]pdt¯¡v hnS- hÖ-tb-tXym-K -hn-¯ ax
Ww. ]ns¶ ]nwK-f-bm hmbp-hns\ hb-än \nd-bv¡p-
47. ehWw kÀj]w Nm¾þ
I. bYm-iàn [mcWw sNbvXp. CU-ap-tJ\ tcNIw sN¿-
apjvWw Xo£vWw N cq£Iw
Ww. C§s\ GXp aq¡n³Zzm-c-¯n-eq-sS-bmtWm izkn-
¨Xv AXnÂIqSn ho­pw \nd¨v atä aq¡n³Zzm-c- ¯n IqSn imI-PmXw cma-Tm-Znþ
]pd-t¯¡p hn«p-sIm-a-­n-cn-¡-Ww. Gsd ]Xp-s¡tbm hÓn kv{Xn ]Y-tk-h\w
Gsd thK-¯ntem AÃmsX hnc-ep-sIm­v ap«v {]Z-£o-I- 48. {]mXx kv\mt\m ]hm-km-Znþ
cn-¡p-I. B ka-bs¯ Hcp am{X-sb¶v ]d-bp-¶p. Imb-t¢-imwÝ hÀP-tbXv
41. CUbm hmbp atcm]y A`ymk Imte {]Yaw
iss\x-tjm-U-i-am-{Xbm ikvX w £ocm-Py-t`m-P\w
Ipw`-tbXv ]qcnXm ]Ýmþ 49. tKm[p-a-ap-ZvK-im-ey¶w
ÝXpx jjvTym Xp am{Xbm tbmK-hr-²n-Icw hnZpx
42. tcN-tbXv ]nwK-fm-\mUym XXx ]cw btYjvSw Xp
Zzm{Xnw-i-·m-{Xbm ]p\x iàw kymZzm-bp-[m-ctW
]p\x ]nwK-f-bm-]p-cyþ 50. btYjvS [mc-Wm-Zzmtbmx
]qÀhXv kpk-am-lnXx knt²Xv tIhe Ipw`Ix
43. {]mXÀa-[y-Znt\ kmbþ tIhte Ipw`tI knt²
aÀ²-cmt{X N Ipw `Im³ tcN-]p-c-hn-hÀPntX
iss\-c-ioXn ]cy´w AtXm-sS tbmKn- bpsS ico-c-¯n ImW- s¸- Sp¶ NnÓ-
§Ä ]d-bmw. H¶v ico-c-em-L-h-am-Wv. AtXm-sSm¸w PT-
NXpÀhmcw ka-`y-tkXv
cmán Xo{h-am-Ip-¶p. icocw \nÝn-´-amIpw tbmK-hnLw
44. Ghw am{Xm-{X-bm-`ym-kmþ hcp-¯p¶ Blmcw ssIsh-Sn-b-Ww. D¸v, F®, ]pfn-¸v,
¶mUo ip²n-kvXtXm `thXv NqtS-dn-b-Xv, cq£-XojvW t`mP-\w, Imbw XpS-§n-bh,
bZm Xp\mUo ip²nx kymþ kv{Xo k¼À¡w, A[nIw \S-¡p-I, {]mXx-kv\m\w, D]-
hmkw XpS§nbh hÀÖn-¡p-I.
¯Zm NnÓm\n _mlyXx
A`ym-km-cw-`¯
- n £ocm-¶hpw s\bvsIm-­pÅ
BZyw CU-bn IqSn ]Xn-\mdp am{X hmbp-hns\ D-
t`mP-\hpw t{ijvT-am-Wv. tKmX-¼v, Dgp-¶v, Acn-`-£Ww
Ån-tebv¡v hen¨v ]ns¶ Adp-]¯ - n-\m-ep-hsc Iw`Iw F¶n- h tbmK-hr-²n-I-c-am-Wv. C§s\ A`ymkw sNbvXmÂ
sNbvXp ap¸-¯n-c­p hsc ]nK-f\ - m-Un-bn IqSn tcNIw hmbp-hns\ btYÑw [cn-¡m-\pÅ iàn In«pw. hmbp-[m-
sN¿-Ww. AXn-\p-tijw c­mw {]mhiyw ]nwK-eb - n cWw km[n-¨m tIh-e-Ipw-`Iw kn²-am-Ip-¶p. At¸mÄ
IqSn hmbp-hns\ hen¨v ap¼n-e-s¯-t]mse sNbvXp-sIm- tcNI ]qc-I-§Ä ssIsh-Sn-bmw.
­n-c¡- -Ww. cmhn-sebpw D¨bv¡pw kÔy¡pw AÀ²-cm-
51. \ Xky ZpÀe_w In©nXv
{Xn-bnepw \mep-{]m-hiyw kmh-[m\w F¬]Xp Ipw`Iw
hsc sN¿-Ww. C§s\ aq¶p-am-ks¯ A`ym-k-¯m {Xnjp temtIjp hnZytX
\mUo-ip²n ssIh-cpw. km[-Isâ tZl-¯n AXnsâ {]tkztZm PmbtX ]qÀÆw
NnÓ-§fpw ImWm-dm-Ipw. aÀ±\w tX\ Imc-tbXv

N P
 741

I 52. XtXm]n [mc-Wm-Zzmtbmx 60. knwtlm hm tbmKn\m tX\ K

{Ita-ssWh iss\x iss\x {anbt´ lkvX XmUnXmx
It¼m _hXn tZlky IµÀ¸ky bYm cq]w
Bk\ Øky tZln\x XYm kymZ]n tbmKn\x
53. XtXm-[n-I -X-cm-`ym-kmþ ]t£ Xsâ kmaÀ°yhpw iànbpw aäp-Å-hc - psS
ZpÀZpco tkz\ PmbtX ap¶n {]I-Sn-¸n-¡c - p-Xv. kzbw I­v Xsâ DÕmlw
hÀ²n-¸n-¡p-I. AXn ]ns¶ km[m-cW {]bm-k-§-
bYm N ZÀ Zptcm `mhx
sfm¶pw km[-I-\p-­m-hn-Ã. ae-aq-{X-§Ä Ipdbpw \n{Z
DXv¹p-tXym-Xv¹Xy KÑXn Npcp-§pw, aq¡n- «tbm Xp¸tem hnbÀt¸m hmbp-hnsâ ZpÀK-
54. ]Zvam-k-\-ØntXm tbmKo Ôtam Ah-\p-­m-In-Ã. A`ymkw hÀ²n-¡p-¶-tXmsS \Ã
XYm KÑXn `qXte iàn-bp-­m-Ipw. F´n-s\bpw t\cn-Sm-\pÅ iàn In«pw.
ISph B\ knwlw XpS-§nb arK-§fpw tbmKn-bpsS
XtXm-[n-I-X-c m-`ym-kmXv
ssIsIm-­pÅ Hcp ASn-tb-äm N¯p-t]m-Ipw. Ima-
`qan-Xym-KÝ PmbtX s\m¯ kuµ-cyhpw D­m-Ipw.
55. ]tam-k-\Ø Ghmku 61. X{Zp-]h
- i
- Km \mcyx
`qan-ap-Õ rPy hÀ¯tX Imw£t´ Xky kwKaw
AXn-am-\p-j-tN-jv SmZn bZn kwKw Itcm-tXzj
XYm kmaÀ°y-ap-Zv` -thXv Xky _nµp £tbm `thXv
tbmKn¡v AXn-\p-tijw aq¶p temI-¯nepw H¶pw 62. hÀP-bnXzm kv{Xnbmx-kmKw
ZpÀe-`-am-hp-I-bn-Ã. A`ym-k-L-«¯
- n D­m-Ip¶ hnbÀ¸v Ipcym-`-`ym-k-am-Z-cmXv
tZl-¯n aÀ±n-¡-Ww. AtXmsS hmbp [cn-¡m-\pÅ tbmKn-t\mwtK kpK-ÔÝ
iàn IqSpw. AtXmsS Ccn-¡p¶ km[-Isâ icocw hnd-
PmbtX _nµp [mc-WmXv
bv¡p-¶p. Ipsd-¡-gn-bp-t¼mÄ Xh-f-bvs¡m¯ tNjvS D­m-
63. XtXm cl-kyp-]m-hnjvSx
Ipw. AXm-bXv IpXn-¨p-Nm-Sp¶ AhØm hnti-jw.
AXnepw D]-cn-bmb A`ym-k-¯n Ah³ `qan-bn \n¶v {]Whw ¹pX-am-{Xbm
s]m§m³ XpS-§p-¶p. CXp-t]mse Aam-\p-jn-I-{]-hr-¯n- Pt]Xv ]qÀhmÀPn-Xm\mw Xp
IÄ sN¿m\pw Ign-bpw. ]m]m\mw \mi-tl-X-th
56. \ZÀi-tb¨ kmaÀ°yw 64. kÀh hnLv\l - tcm a{´x
ZÀi\w hocy h¯cw {]Whx c htZm-jlm
kzev]w hm _lp[m ZpxJw Gh-a-`ym-k-tbm-tK\ kn²n-cm-c w-`-kw-`hm
tbmKo \ hyYtX XZm 65. XtXm `thXv cT hØm
57. Aev] aq{X-]p-co-jÝ ]h-\m-`ymk XXv]cm
kzev]\ - n-{ZÝ PmbtX {]mtWm-]mt\m at\m _p²nÀþ
Pohmß ]c-am-ßt\mx
Ioethm Zpjn-Im-emem tkzZ-ZpÀ¤-Ô-Xm-\t\
66. At\ym\y kmhn-tcm-tZ\
58. GXm\n kÀhYm Xky
GIXm LStX bZm
\ Pmbt´ XXx ]cw
lSm-ht- ØXn km t{]màm
XtXm-[n-I-X-c m-`ym-kmXv
X¨n-Óm\n {_ho-aylw
_e-apXv ]ZytX _lp
kv{XoIÄ Ahsâ cq]-¯m BIr-jvS-cmbn Ah-
59. tb\ `qNc kn²nx kymXv
\p-am-bpÅ kwKaw B{K-ln-¨p-sh¶p hcmw. tbmKn kv{Xo
`qN-cmWmw Ptb-£ax kwKaw sNbvXm Ahsâ hocyw \jvS-s¸-Sp-¶p. AXn-
hymt{Lm hm ict`m hm]n \m kv{XoIsf {i²n-¡msX ZrV-X-tbmsS A`ym-k-]-c-
KtPm Khb Gh hm \m-I-Ww. hocy-[m-c-W¯
- m Abm-fpsS icocw kpK-Ôn-

N P
 742

I X-am-Ip-¶p. AbmÄ GIm-´-Xb- n-en-cp¶v ¹X-am-{X-bn 74. hmIvkn²nx Ima-cq-]X

- zþ K
{]Whw P]n-¡W - w. X·qew ]m]w \in¡p; {]Whw aZr-iy-I-cWo XYm ae-aq{X {]te-t]\
kÀh-hn-Lv\-lm-cn-bm-Wv. C§s\ A`ym-k-tbm-K-¯mÂ
temlmtZx kz˨Xm `thXv
kn²n ssIhcpw hmbp [mc-W-¯m {]mW³ A]m-\³
a\Êv _p²n Pohm-ß-]-ca - m-ßm-¡Ä F¶n-h-bpsS ]mc- 75. tJ KXn-kvXky PmtbX
kv]c
- n-X-amb sFIyw Øm]n-X-am-Ip-¶p. AXnsâ NnÓ- k´-Xm-`ymk tbmKXx
§Ä ]d-bmw. kZm _p²n-aXm `mhyw
67. ]qÀhw bx IYn-tXm-`ym-kþ tbmKn\m tbmK kn²tb
ÝpÀ°mwiw ]cn-{K-tlXv \m¡n GXp ck- a mtWm {K- l n- ¡ - s ¸- Sp- ¶ Xv
Znhm hm bZn hm kmbw AXns\ Bß-cq-]-¯n `mhn-¡-Ww. Xz¡n GsXm¶v
bma-am{Xw ka-`y-tkXv kv]Àin-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p, AXnepw Aß-`mhw thWw. C§s\
Úmt\-{µnb hnj-b-§Ä km[Iw sNbvX Znh-k-¯nÂ
68. GI-hmcw {]Xn-Zn\w
Hcp bmaw hsc A`ymkw thWw. am\-kn-I-amb Ign-hp-
IpcymXv tIh-e-Ipw-`Iw IÄ¡p ]pdsa km[-I\v Zqc-{ip-Xn, Zqc-Zr-jvSn, hmIy-kn-
C{µn-bm-W o-{µn-bmÀt°t_ym ²n, Ima-cq-]-[m-c-W, AZr-iy-\m-Im-\pÅ Ignhv CsXms¡
bXv {]Xym-l-cWw kv^pSw kn²n-¡ pw. Abm-fpsS ae-a q-{X-t e-]-\¯- m Ccp¼v
kzÀ®-am-Ip-as - {X. BIm-iK- a- \w XpS-§nb kn²n-Ifpw
69. tbmKn Ipw`-I-am-Ømb
D­m-Ipw. _p²n-am-\mb tbmKn {i²m-ep-hm-I-Ww.
{]Xym-lmc k DNytX
76. GtX hnLv\m alm-knZvt[x
bZyXv ]iyXn N£pÀ `ymw
\c-ta¯ {X _p²n-am³
X¯-Zm-tßXn `mh-tbXv
\ ZÀi-tbXv kzkm-aÀ°yw bky Ikym
70. bZyXv irtWmXn I˨m`ymw
]ntbm-Kn-cmSv
X¯-Zm-tßXn `mh-tbXv
77. bYm aptVm bYm lytÔm
e`tX \mkbm bZrþ
bYm _[nc Gh hm
¯¯-Zm-tßXn `mh-tbXv
XYm hÀt¯X temIky kzkm-aÀ°y
BZyw sNbvXn-cp¶ A`ymkw ]n¶oSv \men-sem¶v ky Kp]vXtb
sNbvXm aXn ]Item cm{Xntbm Hcp bmaw A`ymkw 78. injymÝ kzkz-Im-tcjp
sN¿-Ww. Ip`Iw am{Xw {]Xn-Zn\w Hcp {]mhiyw sN¿-
{]mÀ°-b´n \ kwibx
Ww. Ipw`Iw sNbvXv C{µn-b-§sf Ah-bpsS hnj-b-§-
fnÂ\n¶v {]Xym-lc
- n-¡W
- w. CXmWv {]Xym-lm-cw. Cu X¯Xv IÀ½ Ic-hy{Kx
L«-¯n F´p-I-­mepw GXv tI«mepw F´v aW-¸n- kzm`ymtk hnkvartXm `thXv
¨mepw Ah-sbÃmw Bß-`m-h\ - t- bmsS kzoI-cn-¡p-I. 79. Ahn-kvarXy KptcmÀ hmIyþ
71. Pnlzbm b{Zkw lr¯n a`y-tk¯ ZlÀ¶miw
X¯-Zm-tßXn `mh-tbXv Ghw `thXv lTm-hØm
XzNm bZyXv kv]ptiXv tbmKo k´Xm `ymk-tbm-KXx
X¯ ZmtßXn `mh-tbXv 80. A\-`ym-k-h-X-ssÝh
72. Ghw Úmt\-{µn-bmWmw Xp hrYm tKmjvTym \ kn²ymXn
X¯Xv kuJyw kpkm-[t- bXv Xkva mXv kÀh-{]-b-tX-\\
bma-am{Xw {]Xn-Zn\w tbmK-tah kZm-`y-tkXv
tbmKo bXv\m-ZX - {- µnXx
Ch alm-kn-²n¡v hnLv\a - m-Wv. Adn-hpÅ tbmKn
73. bYmhm Nn¯-km-aÀ°yw AXn Xmev]cyw Im«-cp-Xv. Ah-bn \ns¶Ãmw Hgn-ªp-
PmbtX tbmKnt\m {[phw am-dW
- w. Xsâ Ignhv {]ZÀin-¸n-¡-cp-Xv. km[m-c-W-¡m-csâ
Zpc-{ip-XnÀZp-c-ZrjvSnx ap¼n {`m´t\m _[n-ct\m aqIt\m Bbn A`n-\-bn-
¡mw. Xsâ Ign-hp-IÄ tKm]y-ambn shbv¡-Ww. injy-
£Wm ±pcm-Ka - -kvXYm
·mÀ At]-£n-¨mepw hg-§msX kZm A`ym-k-¯n \nc-
N P
 743

I \m-bn-cn-¡-Ww. C§s\ \nc-´-c-amb A`ym-k-¯m lTm- 87. ]rYn ho tbmKtXm arXypÀþ K

hØ ssIhcpw A`ym-k-¯mte CXv ssI hcp-Ib - p- \ `th-Zky tbmKn\x
Åq. {]kwKw sIm­v H¶pw \S-¡n-Ã. kZm tbmKm-`ymk
B Pmt\mx ]mbp ]cy-´þ
\nc-X-\m-hp-I.
a]mw Øm\w {]IoÀ¯n-Xw.
81. XXx ]cn-Nb - m-hØm
88. Bt]m À² N{µw ip¢w N
PmbtX `ymk tbmKXx
hm_oPw ]cn-IoÀ¯nXw
hmbpx ]cn-NntXm bXv\mþ
hmcptW hmbp-am-tcm]y
Zán\m kln IpWvUeo
hIm-tcW ka-·nXw
82. `mh-bnXzm kpjp-av\mbmw
89. kvatc-¶m-cm-bWw tZhw
{]hn-ti-Z-\n-tcm-[Xx
NXpÀ _mlpw Incn-Sn\w
hmbp\m kl Nn¯w N
ip² kv^SnI k¦miw
{]th-in¨ alm-]Yw
]oX hmkk aNypXw
83. bky Nn¯w kz]-h\w kpjpav\mw
90. [mc-tbXv ]©-LS- nImx
{]hn-ti-Znl
kÀh ]mss]x {]ap-NytX
`qan cmt]m \tem hmbpþ
XtXm PemZv `bw \mkvXn
cmIm-itÝXn ]©Ix
Pte arXypÀ\ hnZytX
84. tbjp ]©kp tZhm\mw [mcWm
]©-t [m-NytX ]rYzn-tbm-K-{]-`m-h-¯m tbmKn¡v ac-W-ap-­m-hn-Ã.
aqSp-ap-XÂ KpZw hsc-bpÅ `mK-¯n\v Pe-X-Xz-Øm-\-sa¶v
]mZmZn Pm\p-]c - y´w
]d-bp-¶p. AXv AÀ²-N{- µm-Im-c-¯n "hm' F¶ _oP-
]rYzn ho Øm\-ap-NytX t¯mSp IqSn- b- Xm-Wv. Cu Pe- X- Xz- ¯n hmbp-hns\ Btcm-
85. ]rYnho NXp-c{Ôw N ]n¨v "h'sb ka-Xz-bn¨v NXpÀ _mlphpw Inco-S-[m-cnbpw
]oX-hÀ®w ehÀ®Iw kv^S-In, k¦m-i\pw ]oXmw-_-c\pw ANyp-X-\p-amb \mcm-
b-Ws\ [ym\n-¡-Ww. C§s\ A©p \nanjw [ym\n-
]mÀ°oth hmbpam im]y
¨m `K-hm³ km[-Is\ FÃm ]m]-§-fn \n¶pw apà-
eImtc ka-\znXx \m-¡pw. ]ns¶ Hcp hn[-¯nepw AbmÄ¡v Pe-¯nÂ\n-
86. [ymbw-ÝX - qÀ `pPm-Icw ¶pÅ `bw D­m-Ip-¶n-Ã. Pe-¯n AbmÄ¡v acWw
NXpÀh{àw lnc-×bw D­m-In-Ã.
[mc-tbXv ]©-LS- nIw 91. B]m-tbmÀ lrZ-bm´w N hÓn-Øm\w
]rYn-ho-P -b-am- ]v\p-bmXv {]IoÀ¯nXw
]n¶oSv A`ym-k-¯m ]cn-Nbw t\Sm³ Ign-bp-¶p. hÓn-kv{XotImw càw N tc^m-£c kap-{Z-`hw
AXns\ {ian¨v hmbp klnXw Aán-tbbpw IpWvU-en- 92. hl\u Nm\n e am tcm]y tc^m-£c
sbbpw km[Iw sNbvXv `mh\m ]qÀhw kpjp-av\b - n kap-Pzew
{]th- i n-¡ -W w. Ahn- Ss¯ \ntcm[w Pbn¨v hmbp {Xnb-£cw hcZw cp{Zw Xcp-Wm-ZnXz k¶n`w
klnXw alm cY-¯n {]th-in-¡-Ww. BcpsS Nn¯w 93. `kvtam ²qfnX kÀhmwKw kp{]-k¶
hmbp klnXw kpjp-av\b - n {]th-in-¡p-¶p. Ah³ a\p-kva-c³
]rYzn Pew Aán hmbp BImiw F¶o ]© alm-`q-X-
[mc-tbXv ]©-LS- nIm hÓn\m ku \ ZlytX
§-fm-Ip¶ tZh-·msc A©p-hn-[¯ - n [mcWw sN¿p-
¶p. ]mZw apXÂ ap«p-hscbpÅ `mKs¯ ]rYzo-X-Xz-Øm- 94. \ ZlytX icocw N {]hnjvS kym
\-sa¶p ]d-bp-¶p. ]rYzn NXp-jvtIm-W-bp-àhpw ]oX- án aWvUte
hÀ®hpw eIm-c-bp-àh - p-am-Ip-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ ]rYzo- B lrZ-bmZv {`pthymÀ a²yw hmbp-Øm\w
X-Xz-¯n hmbp-hns\ Btcm-]n¨v eIm-c-¯n AXns\ {]IoÀ¯nXw
tbmPn-¸n¨v AXn kzÀ®-ab - hpw NXpÀ`p-Pm-Im-chpw 95. hmbpx jSvtIm-WIw IrjvWw bIm-cm-£c
NXpÀap-J- hp-amb {_Òs¯ [ym\n-¡-Ww. C§s\ A©p- `mkpcw
L-Sn-Ih
- sc [ym\n-¨m ]rYzo-XXz hnPbw kn²n-¡pw.
amcpXw acpXmw Ømt\ bIm-cm-£-cc `mkpcw

N P
 744
I 96. [mc-tb-¯{X kÀh-Úa- o-izcw hniztXm apJw
[mc-tbXv ]©-LS- nIm hmbp-hXv
thyma-t Km-`-th-Xv.
ae-Zzmcw apXÂ lrZbw hsc-bpÅ `mK-¯n\v AØn-
Øm\w F¶p-]-db - p-¶p. Aán {XntIm-W-bp-àhpw Nph-
¶-\n-da
- p-ÅXpw tc^-bp-àh - p-am-Ip-¶p. Aán-bn hmbp-
hns\ Btcm-]n¨v cYs¯ ka-\z-bn¨v {Xnt\-{X\pw ]c-
Z\pw Xcp-Wm-ZnXy kam-\\pw `kva [qfnX kÀhmw-K\pw
Bb cp{Z\ A\p-kvac - n-¡W- w. C§s\ A©p-LS- nI
[ym\n- ¨ m Ah³ Aán-b m Zln- ¡ -s ¸-S p-I - b n- à .
I¯p¶ Xobn IqSn \S-¶mepw Ah³ Zln-¡s - ¸-Sn-Ã.
lrZbw apXÂ ]pcnIw hsc-bpÅ Øm\-¯n\v "hmbp-
Øm-\-sa¶v ]d-b p-¶p. AXv jv StIm-Whpw Irjv W-
hÀ®hpw "b' Imc-bp-à-hp-am-Wv. hmbp Ø\-¯n bIm-
c-t¯m-Sp-IqSn hniz-tXm-J\pw kÀh-Ú-\p-amb Cuiz-cs\
[ym\n-¡W - w. C§s\ A©p-\n-anjw [ym\n-¨m hmbp-
hn-s\-t¸mse BIm-iN - m-cn-bmbn¯ocmw.
97. acWw \Xp hmtbmÝ `bw `hXn tbmKn\x
B{`p a[ym¯p aqÀ[m´ amIm-iØ - m-\-ap-NytX
98. thyma-hr¯w N {[qaw N lIm-cm-£c `mkpcw
BImti hmbp amtcm]y lImtcm ]cn-i¦ - cw
99. _nµp-cq]w alm-tZhw thymam-Imcw kZm-inhw
ip²-kv^-SnI k¦miw [rX _mteµp auen\w
100. ]©-h-{à-bqXw kuayw Zi _mlpw
{Xntem-N\w
kÀhm-bp-ss[yÀ [rXm-Imcw kÀhm-`q-j-W-
`q-j nXw
101. DamÀ[ tZlw hcZw kÀh-Im-cW ImcWw
BIm-i-[m-cWm Bky tJN-cyXzw
`thXv {[phw
A§-s\-bpÅ tbmKn¡v hmbp-hns\ Aev]hpw `b-
s¸-tS-­-Xn-Ã. hmbp ImcWw Ah³ acn-¡n-Ã. ]pcnIw
apX aqÀ²mhp hsc-bpÅ `mK-¯n\v BImiw hr-¯m-
Im-chpw [qa-hÀ®hpw "l' Imc-¯m {]Im-in-X-hp-am-W.v
BIm-iX - X
- z-¯n hmbphns\ Btcm-]n¨v hnjvWp cq]-
¯n alm tZh\pw thymam-Im-c-¯n kZm inh\pw ip²-
kv^-Sn-I-Xp-ey\pw \nÀa-e\pw N{µ-I-em-[-c\pw ]©-ap-
J\pw kuay\pw Zi-_m-lphpw {Xnt\-{X\pw kÀhm-bp-[-
[m-cnbpw kÀh-`-c-W-`q-jn-X\pw ]mÀÆ-Xo-Im-´\pw kÀh-
Im-c-W-§Ä¡pw Imc-W-hp-amb `K-hm³ inhs\ BIm-i-
¯n [mcWw sNbvXm XoÀ¨-bmbpw BIm-iK - -a-\-¯n-
\pÅ Ignhv ssIh-cp-¶p.
102. b{X b{X ØntXm hym]n kpJ-a-Xy´
ai-¶ptX
Ghw N [mcWmx ]©-Ip-cymXv tbmKo
hnN-£Wx
N P
103. XtXm ZrU-Vi
- c
- ocx kzm·rXyp kvXky K
\ hnZytX
{_mÒWmx {]f-tb-\mln \ko `Xn alm-aXnx
104. kKpWw [ym\ taXXv kymZWn amZn
KpW-{]Zw
\nÀKpW [ym\ bpàky kam-[oÝ
XtXm-`-thXv
A§-s\-bm-bm km[-I³ Fhn-sS- bn-cp- ¶mepw hfsc
kpJ- hm-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. C§s\ Ign-hmÀ¶ tbmKn A©p-
hn-[-¯n [mcWw sN¿-Ww. X·qew Ahsâ icocw Zr-
V-am-Ip¶ ac-W`- bw D­m-Ip-¶n-Ã. {_Ò-{]-fb - -¯n\p
tijhpw Ah³ ZpxJn-X\ - m-Ip-¶n-Ã. Bdp \nanjw hsc
C§s\ hmbp-hns\ \nb-{´n¨v BIm-i- ¯n CjvS-kn²n
\ÂIp¶ tZh-·msc [ym\n-¡-Ww. kKpW cq] [ym\-
¯m AWn-amZn KpW-kn²n; \nÀKpW [ym\-¯m kam-
[nbpw ssIh-cpw.
106. Zn\ ZzmZi tI ss\h kam[nw ka
hm]v\p bmXv
hmbp \ncp[y ta[mhn Poh-·ptàm `hy-Xbw
107 kam[nx ka-Xm-hØm Pohmß ]c-am-ßt\mx
bZn kztZ-la
- pXv krjv-Sn-anÑm tN ZpXv
krtPXv kzbw
108. ]c-{_ÒWn eotbX \X-tkym-Xv{Im´n
cnjytX
AY t\m tNXv kapXv krjvS kz icocw
{]nbw bZn
109. kÀh-tem-tIjp hnl-c¶
- W
- n-amZn KpW \znXx
IZm-NnXv tkzÑbm tZthm `qXzm kzÀt¤
alo-btX
110. a\pjym hm]n bt£m hm tkzÑbm
ho£-WmXv `thXv
knwtlm hymtLm KtPm hmiy tkzmÑbm
_lp-Xm-an-bmXv
tbmKw Adn-bp¶ km[-I³ ]{´­v Znh-k-§Ä¡p-
Ån Xs¶ kam[n ssIh-cn¨v Poh-· p-à\ - m-I p-¶p.
kam[n Pohm-ß-]-c-am-ßm-¡-fpsS kam-\m-h-Ø-bm-Wv.
AXn kzio-c-XymKw sN¿-W-sa-¶m-{K-l-ap-s ­-¦ nÂ
A§s\ sN¿mw. C§-s \-] -c-a m-ßm-h n ebn-¨ -h\v
ho­pw P·-an-Ã. icocw {]nb-am-sW-¦nepw Ah³ ico-c-
¯n Xs¶ ØnXn-sNbvXv AWn-am-Zn-kn-²n-ap-s­-¦nÂ
Ft¸mÄ thW-sa-¦nepw kzÀ¤-¯n tZh-\p-am-Imw. a\p-
jyt\m b£t\m BIm³ Ignbpw knwlw, ISph apX-
em-b-h-bpsS cq]-§Ä ssIsIm-Åm\pw Ign-bp-¶-Xm-Wv.
 745
I 111. btY-jvS-tah hÀt¯X bZzm tbmKo atl-izcx
A`ym-k-t`-ZtXm t`Zmx ^ew Xp ka tah ln
112. ]mÀjvWow hmaky hmZ-ky-tbm-\n-Ømt\
\ntbm-P-tbXv
{]kmcy Z£nWw ]mZw lkvXm`ymw
[mc-tbXv ZrVw
113. Nn©pIw lrZn hn\yky ]qc-tb-Zzm-bp-\m-]p\x
Ipw`-tI\ bYm-iàn [mc-bnXzm Xp tcN-tbXv
114. hmamw-tK\ ka-`yky Z£mw KuX-
tXm`ytkXv
{]km-cn-Xk - vXp. bx ]mZkvX aq{X
]cn-\m-a-tbXv
115. Ab-tah alm-_Ô DZ-b-ss{Xh a`y-tkXv
alm-_-Ô-ØntXm tbmKo IrXzm
]qc-It- a-I[o
116. hmbp\m KXn amhrXy \nZrXw IÀ®-ap-{Zbm
]pS-Zznbw kam-{Iay hmbpx Øp¯n kXzcw
tbmKn-a-tl-izc ]Zw {]m]n-¨- Xn-\p-tijw CÑ-s¡m¯ CXv tbmK kn²n-I-ca
h®w Ign- bmw. CXv A`ym-k-t`Zw am{Xw ^e- ZrjvSym c­pw IcWn F¶ ap{Z-sb-¸-än-bm-Wv. CXv kÀh-hym[n hn\m-in-
Xpeyw Xs¶. CSs¯ ]mZ-¯nsâ D¸q-än-bm tbm\n- \n-bm-Wv.
Øm-\-a-aÀ¯n hes¯ ]mZw \o«n AXnsâ s]cp-hn-cÂ
c­pssIsIm­pw _e-¯n ]nSn- ¡-Ww. XmSn s\t©mSp
tNÀ¯v hmbp DÅnÂ\n-d¨v bYm-iàn Iw`Iw sNbvXv
tcN-I-¯m hmbp shfn-bn hnS-Ww. Cu A`ymkw CS-
Xp-`m- K-¯m sNbvXv he-Xp-`mKw sIm­pw sN¿p-I. AXm- 124. Aev]m-lmtc bZn `th-Zá
bXv \o«n-bn-cn-¡p¶ Im tbm\n-Øm-\¯v Øm]n-¡-Ww.
CXv ""alm-_Ô - -\-amWv'' c­p hn[-¯nepw tbmKn GIm-
{K-ambn IÀ®-ap{Z aptJ\ hmbp KXn \ntcm[n¨v c­p
aq¡n³Zzm-c-§fpw k¦m-Nn-¸n-¨m hmbp-thKw \nd-bpw.
117. Ab tah alm-th[x kn ss²c-`y-ky-tX-
\n-ic
A´x-I]- m-e-bp-Il
- tc Pnlzmw hymhrX
[mc-tbXv
118. {`qa[y ZrjvSn ct]yjm ap{Zm `hXn tJNco
IWvT-am-IpWvey lrZb Øm]-tbZv
ZrV-bm-[nbm
119. _tÔm Pme-Ô-cymtWym bw arXyp
amXw-K-tI-kco
_tÔm tb\ kpjva-\mbmw {]mWm-kvXpÍo
btX bXx
120. DUym\m tIymln _tÔm bw tbmKn`nx
kap-Zm-lrXx
N P
]mÀjvWn `mtK\ kw]oUy tbm\n K
amIp-©-tbXv ZrVw
121. A]m\ aqÀ[z ap°m]y tbm\n
_tÔmb apNytX
{]mWm-]m\u \mZ-_nµp aqe-_-tÔ\
ssNIXmw
122. KXzm tbmKky k kn²ow bÑtXm
\m{X kwibx
IcWo hn]-co-XmJym kÀh-hym[n hn\m-in\n
Cu alm-th-[s¯ kn²-tbm-Kn-IÄ kZm A`y-kn-
¡p-¶p. C\n tJNco ap{Z þ \m¡v apI-fn-tem«p aS¡n
I]m-e-Ip-l-c¯
- n Øm]n-¨p. c­p ]pcn-I§ - -fp-sSbpw
at[y ZrjvSn Dd-¸n-¡-Ww. Igp¯v kt¦m-Nn-¸n¨v ZrV-ambn
s\©n Øm]n-¨m ""Pme-Ôc ap{Z-bm-bn. AXn\v arXyp-
am-Xm-K-tI-k-cn-sb¶pw ]d-bpw. CXn-\m _Ô-amb
{]mW³ kpjp- a v\ -b n {]th- i n-¡ p-¶ p. tbmKn-I Ä
AXns\ DÍo-bm\ _Ôw F¶v ]d-bp-¶p. D¸qän sIm­v
tbm\n kv\m\s¯ \Ã-t]mse AaÀ¯n A]m-\s\ apI-
fn-tebv¡v hen-¡-Ww. CXn\v tbm\n _Ô-sa¶v ]d-bp-
¶p. Cu hn[n-{]-Imcw {]mW³ A]m-\³ \mZw _nµp
F¶n-h-bn aqe-_Ôw aptJ\ GIo-`mhw ssIh-cp-¶p.
- mWv ASp-¯p-]d
- b
- p-¶Xv hn]-coX
123. \nXy a`-A-bm-k-bp-àky PT-cmán hnhÀ²n\o
Blmtcm _lp-e-kvXky kw]m\y
km[-Iky NX
- nÀ tZlw
ltc Xv£WmXv
A[x intcm-tÝmÀ[z ]mZx £Ww kymXv
{]Yta Znt\
125. £Wm¨ In©n Z[nI a`y-tk¯p Znt\ Znt\
heo N ]enXw ssNh j¬am-kmÀ
²m-¶-Zr-iytX
126. bma-am{Xw Xp tbm \nXy a`y-tkXv k
Xp Ime-PnXv
ht{Pmfn a`ytk ZykvXp k tbmKo
kn²n `mP\w
127. e`ytX bZn Xsskyh tbmK-kn²nx
Itc-ØnXm
AXo-Xm-\m-KXw th¯n tJNco N.
`thXv {[phw
\nXyhpw Cu ap{Z km[Iw sN¿p-¶-hsâ PT-cmán
hÀ²n-¡ pw. AXnsâ ^e- a mbn km[- I \v A[nIw
Blmcw th­n hcpw. Aev]m-lmcw XpSÀ¶m Abm-
 746
I fpsS tZlw Xs¶ XI-cpw. Cu ap{Z A`y-kn-¡p¶ BZy-
Zn-hkw \nan-jt- \cw incÊv Xmsgbpw ]mZw apI-fn-tem«pw
shbv¡-Ww. AXn-\p-tijw FÃm Znh-khpw Hmtcm \nan-
jhpw A`ymkw hÀ²n-¸n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡-Ww. A§-s\-
bm-bm Bdp amk¯n\p-Ån Xs¶ ico-c-¯nse Npfn-
hp-IÄ amdpw. Xe-ap-Sn-bpsS \ndw Gdpw {]Xn-Zn\w Hcp
bmaw hsc A`y-kn-¡p-¶-h\v Ime-s\bpw Pbn-¡m³
Ignbpw ASp¯v ht{Pm-fn-ap{Z A`y-kn-¡p¶ tbmKn AXn-
thKw kn²-\m-Ip-¶p. tbmKn Cu A`ymkw sN¿p¶
]£w tbmK-kn²n Abm-fpsS ssIbn-em-bn-cn-¡pw. `qX-`-
hn-jy-¯p-¡Ä Adn-bm³ AbmÄ¡v km[n-¡pw. BIm-i-
K-a\- -¯n\pw AbmÄ¡v Ign-hp-­m-Ipw.
128. Aacow bx ]nt©-¶nXyw \kyw IpÀh³
Znt\-Znt\
ht{Pmfn A`y-k-¶Xy aa-tcm-foXn IYytX
129. XtXm `th {Zm PtbmtKm \m´cm
`hXn {[phw
bZmXp cmP tbmtK\ \njv]¶m
tbmKn`nx {IoUm
130. XZm hnthI sshcmKyw PmbtX tbmKn
t\m {[phw
hnjvWpÀ\ma alm tbmKo alm `qtXm
alm X]mx
\nXyhpw Aacn IpSn-¡p-Ibpw AXp aq¡n \kyw
sN¿p-Ibpw sNbvXv ht{Pmfn km[Iw sN¿p-¶-hs\ Aa-
tcmfo km[-I-s\¶v ]d-bp-¶p. Ah³ cmP-tbm-Kn-bm- sW¶
Imcy-¯n kwi-b-an-Ã. cmP-tbmKw ssIh¶p Ign-ªmÂ
tbmKn¡v lT-tbm-K-¯nsâ imco-cn-I-{]-{Inb Bh-iy-an-Ã. 138. DuÀ[z-\m-f-at[m _nµp kvXky at[y
Ah\v ZrV-ambn hnth-Ihpw sshcm-Kyhpw ssIh-cp-¶p.
`K-hm³, alm-hn-jvW- X-s¶-bm-Wv. alm `qX- kz- cq- ]³; AXp-
t]mse alm X]-kznbpw
131. XXz-amÀt¤ bYm Zot]m ZriytX ]pcp-tjm-¯ax
bxkvX\x ]qÀh-]oX kvXw \njv]oUy
apZvaiv\p tX
132. bkvamXv PmtXm `Km-Xv]qÀhw Xkvan t´h
`tK-c\p
bm amXm km ]p\À `mcym bm `mcym
amXtc hln
133. bx]nXm k ]p\x-]pt{Xm bx]p-{Xxk
]p\x ]nXm
Ghw k©mc Nt{IW Ip] Nt{I LSm Ch
134. {`at´ tbm\n P·m\n {ipXzm temIm³
ka-iv\ptX
{Xtbm temIm kv{Xtbm thZm kv{Xn{kx
kÔymx kv{Xb kzcmx
N P
135. {Xtbmáb© {XnKpWm ØntXm K
kÀh-{X-bm-£tc
- mWmw N tbmZ-[o-tX
{Xbm-Wm-a-£c
]y²a-£cw
]pcp-tjm-¯-as\ XXz-amÀ¤ k©m-cn¡v hnf-¡p-
t]mse kv] jv S-ambn ImWm³ Ignbpw Cu Poh³
At\Iw tbm\n-If - n {`aWw sNbvXp a\p-jy-tbm-\n-bn-
se-¯ p-¶ p. Hcp ka-b¯v IpSn¨ kv X \s¯¯s¶
asämcp ka-b¯v aÀ±n¨v B\-µa - S- -bp¶p GXp tbm\n-bn-
eq-sS-bmtWm P\n-¨Xv A§-s\-bpÅ tbm\n-bn can-¡p-
¶p. Hcp P·-¯n A½-bmbn asämcp P·-¯n `mcy-
bm-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. `mcym-am-Xm-hm-Ip-¶p. ]nXmhv ]p{X-\m-
Ip¶p; ]p{X³ ]nXm-hm-Ip¶p C§s\ kwkmc InWn-
änse Nc-Sp-t]m-se-bmWv Pohn-IÄ `n¶-tbm-\n-I-fnÂh¶pw
t]mbp-an-cn-¡p-¶p. aq¶p- tem-I-§fpw aq¶p thZ-§fpw aq¶p
kwJy-Ifpw aq¶p kzc-§fpw aq¶v Aán-Ifpw aq¶p
KpW-§ fpw FÃmw Xs¶ aq¶v A£-c-§ -fn \ne
sImÅp-¶p. tbmKn¡v aq¶-£-c-§fpw AÀ²-£-chpw
A[y-b\w sNt¿-­-Xp-­v.
136. tXu kÀh-anZw t{]mXw XXv kÀhw
XXv]cw ]Zw
]pjv]-at²y bYm KÔx-]tbm at[y
bYm LrXw
137. Xne at[y bYm ssXew
]mjm-tWjzh Im©\w
lrZn Ømt\ ØnXw ]Zvaw Xky-h{à
at[m-apJw
ØnXw a\x
AImtc tcNnXw ]ß-ap-Im-tc-ssWh `nZytX
139. aImtc e`tX \mZ-aÀ² am{Xm Xp \nÝem
ip²-kv^-SnI k¦miw \njvIfw ]m]-\m-i\w
140. e`tX tbmK bpàmßm ]pcp-j-kvXXv
]cw-]Zw
IqÀ½ kz]mWn ]mZmZn inc-Ým-ß\n
[mc-tbXv
14. Ghw ZzmtcjvT kÀthjvT hmbp ]qcnX tcNnXx
\njn²w Xp \h Zzmtcm DuÀ[zw {]mMv
\niz-kw-kvX Ym
142. LS-at[y bYm Zot]m \nhmXw Ipw`Iw hnZpx
\nj-ss²À \h`nx Zzmsscx \nÀPt\ \ncp-]-
{Zth \nÝnXw Xzmß-am-t{XWm hinjvSw tbmK-
tk-ht- bXv CXyp-]\
- n-j¯v
kI-eXpw AXn Hmcm t{]mX-am-Wv. AXp-Xs¶
bmWp kXyw; AXp-X-s¶-bmWv ]c-a-]-Zw. ]qhn aWw
 747

I t]msebpw FÅn F®-sb-¶t- ]m-sebpw ]md-bn Ic-N-cW - § - fpw DÅn-te¡v hen-¡p-¶X - pw-t]mse FÃm K
kzÀ®-sa¶ t]mebpw AXv kI-e-Xnepw hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p- Zzmc-§-fn IqSnbpw \nd-bv¡-s¸-«h - mbp \h Zzmc-§Ä
¶p. lrZ-b-Ia - e
- -¯nsâ apJw Xmtgm«pw AXnsâ \mfw _Ôn-¡s - ¸-«X- n-\m apI-fn-te¡v t]mIp-¶p. Ip`Iw
apI-fn-tem-«p-am-Wv. Xmsg _nµphpw AXnÂa-\Êpw ØnXn F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv IpS-¯nsâ a[y-¯n shbv¡-s¸« Zo]-
sN¿p-¶p. AIm-c¯ - n tcNIw sN¿-s¸« Iaew DIm-c- sa- ¶-t]m-se-bm-Wv. tbmK-km- [-\-bn \h-Zzm- c-§fpw \ntcm-
¯n t`Zn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. aIm-c-¯n \mZw e`n-¡p-¶p. [n- ¡ -s ¸- « -X n\ptijw \nÀP- \ hpw \ncp- ] -{Z- h -h p- a mb
AÀ²-am-{X-\n-Ýe - hpw ip²-kv^-Sn-I¯ - n-s\m-¯-Xp-am-Wv. Øe¯v Bßmhp am{Xw _m¡n-bm-Ip¶p F¶v D]-\n-
AXv \njvI-f-¦hpw ]m]-\m-iI - -hp-am-Wv. C§s\ tbmK- j¯pIÄ hyà-am-¡p-¶p.
bp-à-\mb ]pcp-j³ tam£w {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Ba Xebpw
tbmK-X-tXzm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

1 tbmK- c m- t Pm- ] - \ n- j ¯v 3

1. tbmK-cmPw {]h-£yman C§s\ \mem-W.v 2. XXz {ZjvSm-¡-fmb tbmKn-IÄ CXv

tbmKn\mw tbmK kn²tb \mep-{]-Im-c-¯n-se¶v ]d-bp-¶pþ Bk-\w, {]mW-kw-tcm-
a{´ tbm tKm eb-ssÝh [w, [ym\w kam-[n. 3. FÃm tbmKn-IÄ¡pw k½-X-am-bn-
«p-ÅXv Cu tbmK-sa¶v [cn-¡p-I. {_Òmhv hnjvWp,
cmP-tbm-tKm. lT-kvXYm
inh³ Ch-cpsS a{´-§Ä P]n-t¡-­Xv ChnsS Bh-iy-
2. tbmK-Ý-XpÀ hn[x t{]mtàm
am-Wv. 4. hÕ-cm-P³ XpS-§n-b-hÀ a{´-tbmKw kn²-am-
tbmKn-`n-kvXzXz ZÀin`nx ¡n-bn-«p-­v. hymk³ XpS-§n-b-hÀ eb-tbmKw kn²-am-¡n.
Bk\w {]mW kwtcmt[m 5. alm-ßm-¡Ä \mep-N{- I-§-fpsS ebw km[n¨v tbmK-
[ym\w ssNh kam-[nPx kn²n {]m]n-¨p. BZys¯ N{Iw `Km-IrXn tNÀ¶-XmWv
3. GX-¨-Xp-jvSbw hn²n AXns\ {_Ò N{I-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶p.
kÀh tbmtK\ k½Xw 6. A]mt\ aqe IµmJyw
{_Ò hnjvWp inhm-Zo\mw Ima-cq]w N XÖKpx
a{´w Pm]y hnim-cssZx XtZh hÓn-IpWvUw kymXv
4. km[ytX a{´ tbmKkvXp XXz IpWvU-en\o bYm
hkv Xc- m-Pm-Z n-`nÀbYm 7. Xw Poh-cq-]nWw [ymtbXv
IrjvW ssZz]m-b-\m-ssZykvXp tPymXnjvTw apàn-tl-Xth
km[ntXm eb-kw-ÚnXx kzm[n-jvTm\w ZznXobw kymXv
5. \h-tkzh ln Nt{Ijp
N{Iw X·-[yKw hnZpx
ebw IrXzm alm-ß`nx
8. ]©-am-`n-apJw enwKw
{]Yaw {_Ò-N{Iw kymXv
{]hm-fm-¦p-k-¶n`w
{Xncm-hr¯w `Km-IrXn CXn.
Xt{Xm-{Zo-bmW ]otTjp
1. tbmKn-If
- psS tbmK-kn-²n-¡p-th­n tbmK-cm-Ps\
\ncq-]Ww sN¿mw. Cu tbmKw a{´w, ebw, cmPw, lTw b²ym-Xzm-IÀj- tb- ÖK
- Xv

N P
 748

I 9. XrXobw \m`n-N{Iw kymþ 11. {]Imi kzcq-]-amb lwks¯ ({_-Òw) CXn-\n-S-bnÂ

K
¯·t[y Xp PKXv ØnXw t¢in-¨m-sW-¦ nepw [ym\n-¡-Ww. ]c-{_-Ò[ - ym-\n-bmb
hyàn-bpsS hi-¯n kkm-c-amsI DÄs¸-Sp-sa-¶-XnÂ
]©m-hÀ¯m a[y-iànw
kwi-b-an-Ã. 12. A©m-a-t¯Xv IWvT N{I-am-Wv. AXnsâ
Nn´-tb-Zzn-Zm-IrXnw CS¯p `mK¯v CUbpw he-¯p-`m-K¯v ]nwK-fbpw a[y-
10. Xmw [ymXzm kÀh-kn-²o\mw ¯n kpjp-av\bpw ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. 13. Ch-bn ]ca
`mP\w PmbtX _p[x ]hn-{X-amb tPymXn-Ê ns\ [ym\n-¡p-¶-hÀ¡v kIe
NXpÀ°w lrZbw N{Ip kn²nbpw e`n-¡p-¶p. Bdm-at- ¯Xv Xmep N{I-am-Wv.
AXns\ L­n-Im-Øm-\s - a¶v ]d-bpw. 14 Zi-Zzmc amÀ¤-
hntÚbw XZ-t[m-apJw
sa¶p ]d-bp¶ AXn\v cmP-Z´ - -sa-¶mWv t]cv AhnsS
6. A]m\ Øe-¯n aqe-Iµw BWv. AXns\ Ima-cq- iq\y-¯n a\-Êns\ HXp-¡n-bm a\p-jy³ XoÀ¨bmbpw
]-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶p. AXns\ hÓn-Ip-WvU-sa¶pw IpWvU- apà-\m-¡p-¶p.
en\n F¶pw ]d-bm-dp-­v. 7. `àn-¡p-th­n tPymXn kzcq-
15. Ggm-at- ¯Xv {`qN-{I-am-Wv. AXns\ _nµp-sh¶v ]d-
]-ambn Poh-cp-]s¯ [ym\n-¡-Ww. c­m-as¯ N{Iw
bp-¶p. ]pcn-I§
- -fpsS a[y-¯n tKmfm-Im-c-amb tPymXn-
kzm[n-jvTm-\a - mWv AXv \Sp-`m-K¯
- m-bn-«m-Wv. 8. ]Ýn-am-
Êns\ [ym\n¨v tbmKn apà-\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p.
`n-ap-Jy-¯n Hcp enwK-ap­v AXv {]hm-f¯ - nsâ DÅnÂ
A¦p-c-sa¶ t]mse tim`-Ie - À¶-Xm-Wv. D{Zo-bmW ]oT- 16. AjvSamw {_Ò-c{Ôw kymXv
¯n AXns\ [ym\n¨v {]]- ©s¯ X¶n-te-bv¡m-IÀjn- ]cw \nÀhmW kqNIw
¡-Ww. 9þ10. aq¶m-a-t¯Xv \m`n-N{- I-am-Wv. AXn-emWv Xw [ymXzm kqXn-Im-{Kmaw
kwkmcw \ne- s Im-Å p-¶ -X v. A©p hfbw tNÀ¶
[qam-Imcw hnap-NytX
an¶Âs¡mSn t]mse tXP-Ê p-I -e À¶ a[y-i -ànsb
Nn´n-¡W - w. Úm\n¡v AXns\ [ym\n¨v FÃm kn²n- 17. X¨ Pme-Ôtc tÚbw
Ifpw {]m]n-¡m³ Ignbpw \mem-as¯ N{Iw lrZ-b-¯n- tam£Zw \oe-tN-Xkw
emWv AXv apJw Xmtgm-«m-Wv. \haw thyma-N{Iw kymXv
11. tPymXn cq]w N X·t²y Zfw tjmU-i`- nÀ bpXw
lwkw [ymtbXv {]b-Xv\Xx 18. kwhnZv {_qbm¨ X·t²y
Xw [ymXtbm PKZv kÀhw iàn-cp²m ØnXm-]cm
]iyw km¶m{X kwibx X{X ]qÀ®-Kncu ]ntT
12. ]©aw IWvT-N{Iw kymXv iànw [ymXzm hnap-NytX
t\t{X hmta CUm `thXv 19. GtXjmw \h-N-{Im-Wmþ
Z£ntW ]nwKfm tÚbm tassIIw [ymbtXm apt\x
kpjpav\m a[yXx ØnXm kn²tbm apàn-kl - nXmx
13. X{X [ymXzm ipNn-tPymXn IcØmx kypÀZn-t\-Znt\
kn²o\mw `mP\w `thXv 20. tb tI ZWvUZ- zbw at[y
jjvTw N Xmc-IN - {Iw ]iy´n Úm\ N£pjm
L­n-Im-Øm-\-ap- NytX IZw-_tKmfmImcw Xw
14. Zi-a-Zzm-ca
- mÀ¤w XXv {_Ò-temIw {hP´n tX
cmP-Z´w N XÖKpx 21. DuÀ[z-iàn \n]m-tX\
X{X iqt\y ebw IrXzm A[x itàÀ\n-Ip-©\ - mXv
aptàm `hXn \nÝnXw a[y-iàn {]t_m-t[\
15. `qN{Iw k]vXamw hnZymXv PmbtX ]caw kpJw
_nµp Øm\w N XZznZpx PmbtX ]caw kpJw þ CXn.
{`pthmÀat[y hÀ¯pfw N 16. F«m-as¯ N{Iw {_Ò-c-{Ô-am-Wv. B [q{a-hÀ®-amb
[ymXzm tPymXnx {]ap-Ny-tX. kqXnIm kaqlw [ym\n-¡p¶ tbmKn-tam£w t\Sp-¶p.

N P
 749
I 17. AXv PeÔc-sa¶v a\-Ên-em-¡p-I. AXv \oe-\n-d-ap-
ÅXpw tam£w \ÂIp-¶ -X p-a m-W v. H³]Xmw N{Iw
thymabmWv AXn\v ]Xn-\mdv Zf-§-fp-­v. 18. AXnsâ
a[y-¯nsâ t]À kwhnZv F¶mWv AXn ]cm-iàn
AS-§p-¶p. B ]qÀ®-amb Kncn-bm ]qÀ® iànsb
[ym\n-¡p¶ tbmKn-_-Ô\ apà-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
19. Cu H³]Xv N{I-§- fn Hmtcm- ¶n-s\bpw {ItaW [ym\n-
1 cmt[m-]-\n-j¯v
im´n]mTw
Hmw ] qÀ ® aZ x ] qÀ ® a nZ w ] qÀ ® mX v
]q˨apZNytX ]q˨ky ]q˨amZmb ]q˨
tahmhinjytX Hmw im´n im´nx im´nx
B ]c{_Òw ]qÀ®amIp¶p. Cu PK¯pw ]qÀ®-
amIp¶p. ]qÀ® {_Ò¯n \n¶v Cu ]qÀ® PK¯p-
­mIp¶p. Cu ]qÀ®{_Ò¯n PK¯v apgph³ amänh-
¨mepw ]qÀ®amb {_Òw Ahtijn¡p¶p.
HmatYmÀ[zw aÙ n\ Ejbx k\ImZym`
Kh´w lncWyKÀ`ap]mknXzm DuNpx tZhx Ix
]ctam tZhXmx Im hm XÑàbx Xmkp N Im
hcobkn krjv Sn`qXm N tIXn ktlmhmN:þtl
] p {X I mx i r W p tX Z w l h mh K p l y mX v
KplyXa{]Imiyw bkvs sa IkvX zw \ tZbw
kv \ nKv [ mb {_Ò hmZnt\ Kpcp`àmb tZb
a\yYmZ´pÀalZhw`oXIrjvW l ssh lcnx
]ctamtZhx jUznss[sscizsscyx ]cn]qÀt®m
`K h m³ tK m] otK m] tkth y mh r µ mc m[ ntX m
hrµmht\ \n\mb k GIxkÀthizcx Xky l
s s h tZ z X \ p \ mc mbW m J ne {_ Ò mW v-
Vm[n]XntctIm {]IrtX {]mNot\m \nXyx Ghw
ln Xky ià bkv X z t\I[m B ËmZn\o,
kÔ n\o, Ú mt\Ñm, {InbmZym _lphn[x
iàbx XmkzËmZn\o hcnb ko ]am´cwK`qXm
cm[mIrjvW w kamcm[mbXn ktZXn cm[nIm
KÔÀthXn hy] ZniyX CXn tbbw cm[m bÝ
N P
¡p¶ ap\n¡v {ItaW [ym\n-¡p¶ ap\n¡v apàn-tbmSp K
tNÀ¶ kn²n-IÄ ssI hi-am-Ip-¶p. 20. Úm\ N{I-
¯nsâ a[y-¯n IS-¼n³ ]q¡p-e-t]mse c­p ZWvU-
§Ä ImWm³ Ign-bp-¶-hÀ {_Ò temI-¯n-se-¯p-¶p.
21. DuÀ[z iàn-\n-]mXw sIm­pw A[x-iàn kt¦m-
N\w sIm­pw a[y-i-àn-bpsS {]t_m-[\w sIm­pw ]c-
a-amb kpJw e`n-¡p-sa-¶X
- n kwi-b-an-Ã.
tbmK-cm-tPm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
3
IrjvW x ckm_v[ nÀ tZtlss\x {Io[\mÀ°
Zzn[m`qXv
lcn Hmw Hcn¡Â DuÀ²ztcXÊpIfmb k\ImZn
EjnamÀ {_Òmhns\ kvXpXn¨v tNmZn¨p. ""`Khms\,
B cm W v ] ca t Z h ³ ? A t ± l ¯ ns â i à nI Ä
GsXms¡bmWv. B iànIfn kÀht{ijv Thpw
krjv Sn¡v ImcWhpamb GsXmcp iànbmWv hÀ¯n
¡ p ¶X v ? {_ Ò m h v ] d ª p þ] p {X · m s c, R m ³
AXnclkyamb B Imcyw \n§tfmSv ]dbmw. aämtcmSpw
CXp ]dtb­XnÃ. Kpcp`à\mb {_ÒNmcn¡p am{Xta
CXv ]dªp sImSp¡mhq.AXn\p hn]coXambn
A\[nImcn¡v sImSp¡p¶ ]£w hfsc ]m]ap­mIpw.
`Khm³ IrjvW\mWv Gähpw henb tZh³. At±lw
Bdp hn[w sFizcy¯mepw ]cn]qÀW\mWv.tKm]nIfpw
tKm]·mcpw At±ls¯ tkhn¡p¶p. hrµbmÂ
Bcm[nX\mb At±lw hrµmh\¯nsâ A[oizc\mWv.
GIam{X kÀthizc\pamWt±lw. {io \mcmbW\pw
At±l¯nsâ cq]¯n kakvX PK¯p¡fpsSbpw
k zmanbmWv . {ioIrj v W ³ {]IrXnbn \n¶pw
A¸pd¯pffh\mWv. BËmZn\o, kÔn\o, Úmt\Ñm,
{Inbm XpS§n At±l¯n\v At\Iw iànIfp­v.
Chbn BËmZn\o iànbmWv {][m\w. At±l
¯nsâ Gähpw {]nbs¸«hÄ cm[bmWv. `Kh³ IrjvW
\pw Ahsf Bcm[n¡p¶p. cm[nI ""KÔÀhbmsW¶pw
]dbs¸Smdp­v. FÃm tKm]nIfpw `Khmsâ alnjnI
fmWv. e£vanbmWv cm[bmbn ]nd¶n«pffXv. `Khm³
kzbw {IoUbv¡mbn ]e cq]§Ä ssIs¡m­p.
 750
I Gjm ssh ltcx kÀthizco kÀhhnZym
`ymk k\m\o Irjv W {]mWm[ntZho tNXn
hnaptàtZhmkvX ph´n bkymKXnw hàpw \
tNmXv ktl k ssh bky {]koZXn Xky
IXemhIenX kIe anXnGXm ahÚmb bx
Irjv W amcm[bnXp anÑXn kaqVXa tÝXn
AYsslXm\n \mam\n KmX´n {ipXb
{iocm[ `Khm³ {ioIrjvWsâ kÀthiznbmWv.
AhÄ IrjvWsâ kÀthizcnbmWv. AhÄ IrjvWsâ
{]mWm[nI{]nbbmWv. \mep thZ§fpw cm[sb kvXpXn-
¡p¶p. {_ÒÚm\nIfmb ap\nIÄ¡v cm[sb kw_-
Ôn¡p¶ KoX§fdnbmw. BbpjvImew apgph³ hnhcn-
¨mepw Xocm¯ hn[w cm[bpsS KpWKW§Ä A]mc-
amWv. cm[bpsS kt´mj¯n\v ]m{XamIp¶hÀ¡v ]ca-
[maw e`n¡p¶p. cm[sb AhWn¨v IrjvWs\¯s¶
Bcm[n¡p¶hÀ ]caaqV·mcmWv. thZ§Ä Cu Imcyw
FSp¯p]dbp¶p­v .
cm[m cmtkizco caym Irjv W m a{´m[n
tZhX m kÀhmZ ym kÀhhµ ym N hr µmh\
hnlmcnWo hrµm cm[ym cam f tij tKm]o
aWv U e ]qPnXm kXym kXy]cm kXy`mam
{i oI rj vW h à `m h nj `m\ p k p X m tK m] o
aqe { ] I r X nc oi zc o K Ô À h m c m[ nI m c ay m
c p I v anW o ] c t ai zc o ] c mX v] c X m] qÀ ® m
]qÀ®N{µ \n`m\m\m `pàn apàn {]Zm\nXyw
`h hym[nhn\min\o
cm[, cmtaizco, cay, IrjvW , a{´m[ntZhX,
kÀhmZy, kÀha\y, hrµmh\ hnlmcWn, hrµ, cm[ym,
cam, Atij tKm]o aWvUe ]qPoXm, kXykXy]c,
1cp{Z- l r- Z - t bm- ] - \ n- j ¯v
3
im´n- ]mTw
Hmw kl-\m-h-h-Xp. kl-s\u `p\àp kl-
hocyw Ic-hm-h-ssl. tXP-kzn-\m-h-[o-X-a-kvXp. am
hnZzn-jm-hssl Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
N P
kXy`ma, {ioIyjvW hÃ`, hrj`m\pkpX, tKm]oaqe
K
{]IrXn, Cuizco,KÔÀh, cm[nIm, cay, ]ctaizco,
]cmXv]cm, ]qÀ®N{µ\n`m\\, `pànapàn{]Zm, \nXy,
`hhym[n, hn\min\n, Ch cm[bpsS hntijW§fmWv.
C tX y X m\ n \ mam \ n bx ] t c X v k
Poh·ptàm `hXn CXyml lncWyKÀt`m `Khm
\nXn kÔn\o Xp [mb `qjW i¿mk\mZn an{X
`rXym Zncqt]W ]cnWX arXyp temImhXcW
Imte amXr ]nXr cqt]W Nm f kn ZnXyt\Imh
X mc I mc W Ú m\ i à nk vX p t £ {X Ú
iàncnXn Cѳ `qXm ambm kXzcPkv X tam
abo _lncwKm PKXv I mcW `qXm sskhm
hnZymcqt]W Pnh _Ô\`qXm {InbmiànkvXp
e oe m i à nc nX n b C ama p ] \ nj Z a [ otX
tkm{hXo {hXo`hXn k hmbp]qtXm `hXn cm[m
Irjv W {]ntbm `hXn k bmh¨£p ]mXw
]wào ]p\mXn Hmw XXv kXv
Cu \ma§Ä sNmÃp¶hÀ Poh·pà·mcmbn
`hn¡p¶p. {_Òmhv Cu Imcyw FSp¯p]dbp¶p­v.
cm[bpsS kÔn\oiàn, hkXn, B`cW§Ä, i¿,
Bk\w, XpS§nbhbpw an{X tkhImZne_v[ n¡pw
{]tbmP\s¸Sp¶XmWv. kXzcPkvX tamKpWmßIbmb
tZlPK¯n\v ImcW`qXbmIp¶p. ambbmWv Ahn
ZybpsS cq]¯n Pohs\ _Ô\¯n s]Sp¯p¶Xv.
`Khmsâ {Inbmiàn Xs¶bmWv eoem iàn. Cu
D]\nj¯p hmbn¡p¶ {hXlo\\pw {hX]qÀ®\mbn
¯ocp¶p. Ah³ hmbphns\m¸w ]cnip²\mIp¶p.
At§ Aäs¯ ]cnip²\mbn Ah³ KWn¡s¸Sp¶p.
Ahsâ ZrjvSn ]Xnbp¶nSsaÃmw ]cnip²amIp¶p.
cmt[m]\nj¯v kam]n¨p.
]c-{_Òw R§Ä c­p-t]-scbpw Hcp-an¨v c£n-¡-
tW. R§Ä c­p-t]-scbpw Hcp-an¨v ]cn-]m-en-¡-tW.
R§Ä c­p-t]cpw Hcp- an¨v Ign-hp- IÄ hfÀ¯p-am- dm- ItW.
R§Ä ]c-k] v cw hntZzjw Ie-cm-Xn-cn-¡-tW. Hmw im´nx
im´nx im´nx
 751

I 1. lcn Hmw 7. tb Zznj´n hncq-]m£w K

lrZbw IpÞeo `kva tX Zznj´n P\mÀ±\w
cp{Zm£ KW ZÀi\w tb cp{Zw \m`n-Pm-\´n
Xmc-kmcw alm-hmIyw tX \ Pm\´n tIihw
]©-{_-Òmán tlm{XIw 8. cp{ZmXv {]hÀ¯tX _oPw
2. {]Way inckm ]mZu _oP-tbm-\nÀP-\mÀ±\x
iptIm hymk-ap-hmN l
tbm cp{Zx k kzbw {_Òm
tIm tZhx kÀh-tZ-thjp
tbm {_Òm k lpXm-i\x
Ikvan³ tZhmÝ kÀhix
9. {_Ò hnjvWp-atbm cp{Z
3. Iky ip{iq-j-Wm-¶nXyw
Aán-tjm-am-ßIw PKXv
{]oXm tZhm `h´n ta
]pÃnwKw kÀh-ao-im\w
Xky XZz-N\w {ipXzm
kv{XoewKw `K-h-Xypam
{]Xyp-hmN ]nXm ipIw
4. k0Àh-tZ-hm-ßtIm cp{Zx 10. Dam-cp-{Zm-ßnImxkÀhmx
kÀth tZhm inhm-ßIx {]Pmx Ømhc PwKamx
cp{Zky Z£ntW ]mÀtiz hyàw kÀh-ap-a m-c q]
chnÀ{_Òm {Xtbm ábx ahyàw Xp atl-izcw
5. hma-]mÀtiz Dam tZho 11. Dam i¦-c-tbmtKm bx
hnjvWpx tkm tam f ]n tX {Xbx k tbmtKm hnjvWp cpNytX
bm Dam km kzbw hnjvWp bkvXp Xkvssa \a-kvImcw
tbm hnjvWpx kx ln N{µax IpcymZv `àn-ka
- -\znXx
6b tb \a-ky´n tKmhnµw
inhs\ tZzjn-¡p-¶-hÀ hnjvWp-hn-s\bpw tZzjn-¡p-
tX \a-ky´n iIcw ¶p. inhs\ a\-Ên-em-¡m-¯-hÀ hnjvWp-hns\ a\-Ên-em-
tb f À¨b´n lcnw `àym ¡p-¶n-Ã. Fs´- ¶m ihnsâ Xs¶- bmWv kIe Pohn-I-
tX f À¨b´n hrj-[zPw fp-sSbpw krãn-IÀ¯m-hv. hnjvWp _oP-cq-]- hp-am-Wv. Aán-
cp{Z-lr-Z-b-¯n {]W-h-¯nsâ aqe-XXzw {]Xn-]m-Zn- tkm-am-ß-I-amb hnizhpw cp{Z³ Xs¶.- kr-ãn-bn ]pÃnw-
¡p-¶p. tbmK IpÞ-en-\n, `kva Pm_m-ew, cp{Zm£ Pm_m- K-cq-]-¯n- epÅ kÀh-{]m-Wn-Ifpw cp{Z\pw kv{Xoenw- Km-ß-
ew, KW-]Xn F¶o D]-\n-j-¯p-Ifpw Cu hnjbw {]Xn- I-amb kÀh {]mWn-Ifpw Da-bp-am-Ip-¶p. C§s\ Ømh-
]m-Zn-¡p-¶-h\ - -bm-W.v c-Pw- K-a-cq-]-¯n- epÅ kI-e-kr-ãnbpw cp{Z\pw Da-bp-am-Ip-
Hcn-¡Â ipI-tZ-h³ Xsâ ]nXmhpw alm Úm\n-bp- ¶p. Ahyà {]]©w cp{Z-sâbpw hyà-{]-]©w Da-bp-
amb hymksâ ]mZ- §-fn inc- ÊÀ¸n¨v ]dªp: GXp tZh- sS-Xp-am-W.v Dam-a-tl-iz-c-·mcpsS kwtbm-K-am-Wv hnjvWp.
\mWv FÃm tZh-·m-cnepw hkn-¡p´v? GXp tZh-\n-emWv hnjvWp-hns\ \a-kvIc - n-¡p-¶-hÀ `àntbmsS ]c-{_-Ò-
kI-eXpw hkn-¡p-¶Xv? GXp tZh\w D]m-kn-¨m-emWv t¯mSv tNcp-¶p.
FÃm tZh-·mcpw F¶n {]k-¶-cm-Ip-¶Xv? Cu tNmZyw
12. Bßm\w ]cam ßm\
tI«v XXz-Úm-\n- bmb hymk³ ]dªp: `K-hm³ cp{Z- \nÂ
kI-e-tZ-h-·mcpw hkn-¡p-¶p. At±-l-¯nsâ he-¯p-`m- a´-cm-ßm\ tah N
K¯v kqcy\pw {_Òhpw KmÀl-]-Xyw, Z£n-Ww, Al-h- ÚmXzm {Xnhn-[-am-ßm\w
\obw F¶o aq¶v Aán-Ifpw hkn-¡p-¶p. CS-Xp-h-i¯v ]c-a m-ß m-\-am-{i-tbXv
Dabpw hnjvWphpw N{µ\pw ØnX sN¿p-¶p. Cu aq¶p
13. A´-cmßm `thXv {_Òm
t]cnepw X½n bmsXmcp hyXym-khpw CÃ. Fs´- ¶mÂ
Da Xs¶-bmWv `K-hm³ hnjvWp. hnjvWp Xs¶-bmWv ]c-amßm atl-izcx
tkma³. tKmhn-µs\ \a- kI v - cn-¡p-¶-h³ iàn-sbbpw \a- kÀth-jm-tah `qXm\mw
kvI-cn-¡p-¶p. hnjvWp-hns\ ]qPn-¡p¶ `à³ hrj-[z-P-
hnjvWp-cmßm k\m-X\x
\mb i¦-c-s\-¯s¶ ]qPn-¡p-¶p.

N P
 752

I 14. Aky ss{Xtem-Iy-hr-£ky 21. cpt{Zm thZ Dam imkv{Xw K

`qau hnS-]-im-Jn\x Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax
A{Kw a[yw XYm aqew cpt{Zm hr£ Dam hÃo
hnjvWp {_Ò atl-izcmx Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax
15. Imcyw hnjvWpx {Inbm {_Òm 22. cpt{Zm KÔxDam ]pjv]w
ImcWw Xp atl-izcx Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax
{]tbm-P-\mÀ°w cpt{ZW cpt{ZmÀ°x A£cx tkma
aqÀ¯n-tcIm {Xn[m IrXm Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax
16. [Àt½m cpt{Zm PK-ZznjvWpx 23. cpt{Zm enwK-apam ]oTw Xkvssa Xssky
kÀh-Úm\w ]nXm-alx \tam \ax
{iocp{Z cp{Z cpt{ZXn 24. kÀh-tZ-hm-ßIw cp{Zw
bkvXw {_qbmZv hnN-£Wx \a-k vIp-cymXv ]rYIv
IoÀ¯-\ mXv kÀh-tZ-hky ]rYIv G`nÀ a{´-]-ssZ-tch
\a-k ym-ao-i-] mÀhXow
kÀh-] mss]x {]ap-NytX
25. b{X b{X `thXv kmÀ[
kIe Pohn-If- p-sSbpw Bßmhv hnjvWphpw A´-
anaw a{´-ap-Zo-c-tbXv
cm-ßmhv {_Òmhpw ]c-am-ßmhv cp{Z-\p-am-Ip-¶p. ss{Xtem-
Iy-am-Ip¶ hr£- ¯nsâ sIm¼p-IÄ ]rYzn-bn hym]n-¨n- {_Òlm Pe-a-t[yXp kÀh ]mss]x {]ap-NytX
cn-¡ p-¶ p. AXnsâ A{Kw hnjvW phpw {Iobm-c q]w cp{Z³ \c\pw Da \mcn-bp-am-Ip-¶p. tZh\pw tZhn¡pw
{_Òmhpw aqe-`mKw cp{Z\pw Imcy-cq]w hnjvWp-hp-am-Ip- \a-kvIm-cw. cp{Z³ {_Òmhpw Da #mWn-bp-am-Ip- ¶p. tZh\pw
¶p. {Inbm-c q]w {_Òhpw Imc-W-cq]w cp{Z-\p-am-W v. tZhn¡pw \a-kvIm-cw. cp{Z³ hnjvWphpw Da e£van-bp-
C§s\ `K-hm³ cp{Z³ Xs¶- bmWv {]tbm-P-\-a-\p-k-cn¨v am-Ip-¶p. c­p-t]À¡pw \a- kvIm-cw. cp{Z³ kqcy\pw Da
Xsâ aq¶p cq]-§Ä kzoI-cn-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. {]]©w hnjvWp- Omb-bp-am-Ip-¶ p. c­p-t]À¡pa \a-k vI m-cw. cp{Z³
cq-]hpw Úm\w {_Ò-cq-]hpw [À½w cp{Z-cq-]-hp-am-Ip-¶p. tkma\pw Da Xmc-bp-am-Ip-¶p. c­p-t]À¡pw \a-kvIm-cw.
Úm\n cp{Zsâ \maw P]n-¡p-¶p. AXnsâ ^e-ambn cp{Z³ ]Iepw Da cm{Xn- bp-am-Ip¶. c­p-t]À¡pw \a- kI v m-
Ah³ kIe tZh-·m-cp-sSbpw \maw P]n-¡p-¶-Xn-sâbpw cw. cp{Z³ bÚhpw Da thZn-bp-am-Ip¶p. c­p-t]À¡pw
^e-a-\p-`-hn¨v ]m]-ap-à-\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p. \a- k vI m- c w.cp{Z³ hÓn-b pw Da kzml-b p-a m-I p- ¶ p.
AhÀ¡v \a-kvIm-cw. cp{Z³ thZhpw Da imkv{X-hp-am-
17. cpt{Zm \c Dam \mco
Ip¶p; c­p-t]À¡pw \a-kvIm-cw. cp{Z³ KÔhpw Da
Xkvssa Xssky-\tam \ax ]pjv] -h p-a m-Ip-¶p. c­p-t]À¡pw \a-k vIm-cw. cp{Z³
cpt{Zm {_Òm Dam hmWo AÀ°hpw Da A£-hp-am-Ip-¶p. AhÀ¡v \a-kvIm-cw.
Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax cp{Z³ enwK- hpw Da ]oT-hp-am-Ip¶p. c­p-t]À¡pw \a- kI v m-
18. cpt{Zm hnjvWp-cp-am-e£
- ao cw. kÀh-tZ-hm-ß-I-\mb cp{Zs\ {]tXyIw \a-kI v c- n-¡p-
I. Rm³ a{´-§m Dam atl-iz-c-·msc \a-kI v -cn-¨psIm-
Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax
­n-cn-¡p-¶p. FhnsS GXp \ne-bn Ign-ªmepw kZm
cp{Zx kqcyx Dam Ombm Xkvssa Xssky Cu a{´w P]n-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡-Ww. Pe-¯n Ign¨v Cu
\tam \ax a{´w P]n-¨m {_Ò-l-Xym-¡m-c\pw ]m]-a-hn-ap-à- \m-Ipw.
19. cp{Z-tkm-a-D-am-Xmc 26. kÀhm-[n-jm-Tm-\-a-Zzµzw
Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax ]cw {_Ò k\m-X\w
cpt{Zm Znhm Dam cm{Xnx k¨n Zm\-µ-cq]w X
Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax Zhm-Mv am-\ -k-tKm-N cw
20. cpt{Zm-bÚ Dam thZn 27. Xkvan³ kphn-ZntX kÀhw
Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax hnÚm\w kymZnZw ipI
cpt{Zm hán-cpam kzmlm XZm-ß-I-XzmXv kÀhky
Xkvssa Xssky \tam \ax XkvamZv `n¶w \ln IzNnXv
N P
 753

I 28. tZz hntZy thZ-Xthy ln 35. Úmt\-ss\h lo kwkmc K

]cm ssNhmN cm N tX hn\mtim ss\h IÀ½Wm
X{Xm-]-cmXp hnss`yjm t{im{Xnbw {_Ò-\njvTw kZv
EtKztZm bPp-tch N Kpcpw KtÑ-Zy-Ym-hn[n
29. kma-t h-Z-kvXY
- m-Y -Àh 36. Kpcp-kvXkvssa ]cmw hnZymw
thZx in£m ap\o-izc ZZymZv {_Òmß t_m[n\ow
Ievt]m hymI-cWw ssNh Kplm-bmw-\n-lnXw km£m
\ncpàw Oµ Gh N Z£cw thZ tN¶cx
30. tPymXnjw N bYm \mß 37. OnXzm hnZym-a-lm-{KÙnw
hnjbm A]n _p²bx inhw KtÑXv k\m-X\w
AssYh ]cam hnZym XtZ-X-Z-arXw kXyw
bbmßm ]c-am-£-ca XZv t_m²hyw apap-£p`nx
31. b¯-Z-t{Zm-iy-a-{Kmly 38. [\p-kvXmcw itcm-lymßm
atKm{Xw cq]-h ÀPnXw {_Ò Xãy apNytX
AN£px t{im{X-a-XyÀ°w A{]-a-t¯\ th²hyw
XZ-]mWn ]Zw XYm ic-h-¯-·tbm `thXv

32. \nXyw hn`pw kÀh-KXw kpkq£vaw NX-Z-
hybw XZv`q-X-tbm\nw ]iy´n [ocm Bßm-\-am-
ß\n
k\m-X-\phw kÀhm-[n-jvT-\hpw at\m-hm-K-Xo-Xhpw
k¨n-Zm-\µ kzcq-]-hp-amb ]c-{_-Òs¯ \Ã t]mse Adn-
bp-¶- h³ k¼qÀ® cl-kyhpw Adn-ª-h-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
Fs´- ¶m B ]c-{_-Ò-¯n \n¶p `n¶-am-b-s«m-¶p-an-
Ã. CsXÃmw AXnsâ cq]w Xs¶. ]cm F¶p A]c F¶p
c­p hnZy-If - p-­v. E¡v, bPp-Êv, kmaw. AYÀhw F¶o
\mep thZ-§fpw in£, Iev]w, Oµ-Ê,v hymI-c-Ww, \ncp-
àw, tPymXnjw F¶o Bdp imkv{X-§fpw A]-cm-hn-Zy-
bm-Wv. CXn Bß-hnjba-à m¯ asäÃm _u²nI
Úm\hpw tNÀ¶n-«p-­v. Bß-Úm\w ]cm-hn-Zy-bm-emWv
e`n-¡p-¶-Xv. AXmWv A\-iz-c-amb ]c-a-X-Xzw. AXv AZr-
iyhpw A{Km-ly-hp- am- Wv. AXn\v \matam cq]tam tKm{Xtam
CÃ. Ic-Nc- -W-§-fn- Ã. AXv hnj-bm-Xo-X-am-Wv. \nÀhn-Im-c-
am-Wv. kÀh-¯n-sâbpw B{i-bØ - m-\-am-Wv. Úm\n B
]c-am-ßm-hns\ Bßm-hn ZÀin-¡p-¶p.
33. bx kÀhÚx kÀh-hntZym
bky Úm\-abw X]x
Xkvam-Z-{Xm-¶-cq-t]W PmbtX PK-Zm-henx
34. kXy-h-ÛmXn XÕÀhw
cÖp-kÀ¸-hZm ØnXw
XtZ-X-Z-£cw kXyw
XZzn-Úmb hnap-NytX
39. e£yw kÀh-KXw ssNh
icmx kÀh-KtXm apJx
th²m-k Àh- K-X-s sÝh
inh-e£yw \ kwibx
t`màr cq]-¯nepw aäp hn[-¯n-ep-apÅ hnizw {]I-
S-am-Ip-¶Xv {_Ò-¯n \n¶p-am-Wv. B {_Òw kÀh-
Úhpw kIe hnZy-I-fp-sSbpw B{i-b-Øm-\-hp-am-Ip-¶p.
AXnsâ X]Êv Úm\w Xs¶. kXy- sa¶p tXm¶n- ¸n-¡p¶
Cu hnizw Ib-dnse kÀ¸ {]XoXn t]mse {_Ò-¯nÂ
ØnXn sN¿p¶p hnizw Ak-Xy-am-Wv. {_Òw Ahn-\m-
inbpw kXy-hp-am-Wv. CX-dn-bp¶ hyàn tam£w {]m]n-
¡p¶p. IÀ½- ¯m {]]-©-]miw tOZn- ¡-s¸- Sn- Ã. Úm\w
sIm­p am{Xta AXv km[n-¡q. AXn-\m apap£p {_Ò-
\n-jT v \pw t{im{Xn-b-\p-amb Kpcp-hns\ iWw {]m]n-¡-Ww.
Kpcp Ah\v Bßmhpw ]c-am-ßmhpw H¶m-sW¶ Úm\w
\ÂIp¶ ]cm hnZy ]Tn-¸n¡-Ww. Kplm-\n-ln-Xhpw Ahn-
\m-in-bpam {_Òs¯ km£m-XvI-cn-¡p¶ hyàn-bpsS
Ahn-Zy-bm-I p¶ _Ô\w tOZn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. AtXmsS
]pcmW ]pcp-j-\mb inhsâ kmao]yw e`n-¡p-¶p. Aar-
Xm-ß- Ia - mb Cu kXyw apap-£p-¡-fmb km[-I-·mÀ Adn-
ªn-cvI-Ww. {_Ò-am-Ip¶ e£y-¯n\v {]Whpw hnÃpw
Bßmhv A¼p-am-Ip-¶p. AXns\ tOZn-¡m³ Bekyw
shSn-bW - w. {_Ò-¯n e£yw t`Zn-¡p-hm³ _mWw
{Inbm-\n-cX - -am-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xp t]mse apgp-I-Ww. {_Ò-am-
Ip¶ e£yw kÀh-l-X-amWv Bßmhv kÀh-tXm-ap-J-amWv
km[-I³ kÀh-K-X-\m-bm inh-\m-Ip¶ e£yw kwi-b-
te-i-sat\y {]m]n-¡mw.

N P
 754

I 40. \ X{X N{µÀ¡-hhpx {]Im-itX ico-c- am- Ip¶ hr£-¯n hkn-¡p-¶p. Poh-\m-Ip¶ ]£n
K
\ hm´n hmXm kIem tZh-XmÝ IÀ½-am-Ip¶ ^ew `£n-¡p-¶p. F¶m ]c-am-ßm-hm-
Ip¶ ]£n AXnse IÀ½-^-em-\p-`-hs¯ km£o-cq-]-
k Gj tZhx IrX-`m-h-`qXx
¯n t\m¡n-s¡m-­n-cn-¡p-¶-tX-bp-Åp. amb-bpsS iàn-
kzbw hnipt²m hncPx {]Im-itX sIm-­mWv Bß-] -c -amß t`Z-k-¦ev]w `hn-¡p-¶ -X v.
AhnsS N{µ-s âbpw kqcy-s âbpw {]Im-i -a nÃ; bYmÀ°-¯n Nn·-b-amb Poh³ km£m ]c-am- ßmhp
AhnsS Imä-Sn-¡p-¶n-Ã. hmbp-hnt\m A\y-tZ-h·
- mÀt¡m Xs¶. Poh-\nepw Cuiz-c-\nepw Nn{Zq-t]m-]m-[nsb kw_-
F¯m Ign-bp-¶n-Ã. A§-s\-bpÅ ]c-am-ßmhv Xsâ Ôn¨ BIm-c-t`Zw sIm­mWv Cu t`Zw ]cn-e-£n-X-am-Ip-
\nÀ½-ehpw \nÀKp-W-hp-amb cq]-¯n {]Im-in-¡p-¶p. ¶Xv bYmÀ°-¯n Ah X½n t`Z-an-Ã. t`Z-ap-s­-¦nÂ
c­n-sâbpw NnÕz-cq]w \jvSvam-Ipw. PU-am-Ip¶ D]m-[n-
41. Zzu kp]À®u ico-tc-kvan³
bm-emWv Nn¯n \n¶pw Nn¯n\v t`Z-ap-s­¶p k¦-ev]-
Poth-imJyu kl ØnXu ap-­m-Ip-¶-Xv. AXn\v NnZm-Im-c-X-bn \n¶v t`Z-an-Ã. t`Z-
XtbmÀPnhx ^ew `qMvtà Zrãn PU-¯n \n¶m-Wp-­m-Ip-¶-Xv. NnXvL-\-kz-cq-]-amb
IÀ½tWm \ atl-iz-I. ]c-am-ßmhv kI-e-hn-i-hv¯n\p B{i-b-am-W.v ]c-am-ßhm
Rm³ Xs¶- bm- W.v F¶ Nn´m-K-Xn-bn ap\n-amÀ hoX- tim-
42. tIhew km£n-cq-t]W
I-·m-cm-bn- ¯o-cp-¶p.
hn\m-t`mKw atl-izI
{]Im-itX kzbw t`Zx 49. kzi-cotc kzbw tPymXnx
Iev]ntXm ambbm Xtbmx kzcq]w kÀhw km£oWw
43. LSm-Im-i-a-Sm-Imiu £oW-tZmjmx {]h-iy´n
bYm-I m-i -{]-t`-ZXx t\Xtc ambbm hrXm
Iev]nXu ]cau Poh 50. Ghw cq]-]-cn-Úm\
inh-cp-t]W Iev]nXu bkymkvXn ]c-tbm-Kn\x
44. X¯z-XÝ inhx km£mþ Ip{X-NnZv Ka\w \mkvXn
¨nÖn-hÝ kzXx kZm Xky ]qÀ®-k z-c q-]nWx
Nn¨n-Zm-Im-ctXm `n¶m 51. BIm-i-taIw k¼qÀ®w
\`n-¶m, Nn¯z lm\nXx Ip{X-Nn-ss¶h KÑXn
45. NnX-Ýn-¶-Nn-Zm-Im-cmþ XZzXv kzmß ]cn-Úm\o
`nZytX PU-cq-]Xx `nZytX tNÖtUm t`Z Ip{X-Nn-ss¶h KÑXn
ÝntZIm kÀhZm Jep 52. k tbm l ssh XXv ]caw {_Ò tbm t#Z
ssh ap\nx {_ssÒh `hXn kzØx k¨n-Zm-\µ
46. XÀ¡-XÝ {]am-Wm¨ amXrIx CXyp-]-\n-j -¯v.
NntZ-I-X z-hy-h-Ø ntXx
tZmj-hn-ap-à-cmb a\p-jyÀ¡v am{Xta kÀh-km-
NntZ-I-Xz-]- cn- Úmt\
£nbpw kzbw tPymXn-kz-cq-]-amb ]c-am-ßm-hns\ km£m-
\ timNXn \ aplyXn XvIc- n-¡m³ km[n-¡p-I-bp-Åq. ambm Pme-I-¯n-eI - -s¸«
47. AssZzXw ]c-am-\µx Poh\p AXns\ ImWm³ km[y-a-Ã. Cu hn[-apÅ Bß-
inhw bmXn Xp tIhew kz-c q-]-Úm\w t\Snb kn²-·mcpw ]cn-]qÀ®-cp-amb
hyàn-IÄ Hcn-S¯pw t]mIp-¶n-Ã. hcp-¶p-an-Ã. ]cn-]qÀ®-
48. A[n-jvTm\w ka-kvXky
amb BImiw Hcn-S¯pw t]mIp-¶n-Ã-tÃm. AXp-t]mse
PKXx kXy NnXv L\w Bß-X-Xz-a-dn-bp¶ alm-ßmhpw Hcn- S¯pw t]mIp¶n-Ã. ]c-
Al-a-kvaoXn \nÝnXy {_-Òs¯ Adnª hyàn k¨n-Zm-\-µc - q-]vX-Xn \ne-
hoX-timtIm `th-·p\nx sIm­v kzbw ]c-{_-Ò-ambn hÀ¯n- ¡p-¶p.

Bßmhpw ]c-am-ßm-hpw-am-Ip¶ c­p ]£n-IÄ Cu cp{Z-lr-Z-tbm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

Q
N P

I K
1cp{Zm£-Pm-_m-tem-]-\n-j¯v
im´n- ] mTw
Hmw B]ym-b´p aamw-Km-\n-hmIv {]Wm-Ý£px
t{im{X-atYm _e-an-{µn-bmWn N kÀhmWn kÀhw
{_tÒm-]-\n-j Zw amlw {_Ò-\n-c m-Ipcyw am am
{_Ò \ncm-It- cmZ \ncm-Ic- W akvXz-\n-cm-Ic
- Ww
ta Akv X p XZm- ß \n \nctXb D]- \ n- j Õp
[À½mkvtX abn k´ptX abn k´p. Hmw im´nx
im´nx im´nx
Fsâ AwK-§ Ä ]cn-] pjvSn {]m]n-¡ -s«. hm¡v
{]mW³, t\{Xw, t{im{Xw F¶n-hbpw iànbpw C{µn-b-
§fpw ]cn-]p-jvS-am-I-s«. CXv D]-\n-j-Zp-à-amb {_Ò-am-
Wv. Rm³ CXns\ \ncm-Ic - n-¡p-¶n-Ã. {_Òw Fs¶ ]cn-
Xy-Pn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡s
- «. F\n¡pw B {_Ò-¯n\pw X½nÂ
At`-Zy-amb _Ôw D­m-I-s«. {_Ò-\n-c-X-\mb F¶nÂ
D]-\n-jZ- p-à-§-fmb [À½-§Ä ØnXn sN¿-s«. Hmw
im´nx im´nx im´nx
1. AY ssl\w Imem-án-cp{Zw `qkpWvUx ]{]-Ñ-
IYw cp{Zm-t£m-Xv]¯nx X²m-cW
- mXv Inw ^e-an-
Xn.
]ns¶ `qkp-WvU³ Imem-án-cp-{Z-t\mSv tNmZn¨p:þ
"cp{Zm-£-¯nsâ DXv]-¯n-sb-¸-änbpw AXv [cn-¡p-¶X- p-
sIm-­pÅ ^e-s¯-¸ä - nbpw ]dªp X¶m-epw.'
2. Xwtlm hmN `K-hm³ Iem-án-cp{Zx {Xn]p-c -h-
[mÀ°-alw \nao-en-Xm-t£m-`-hw. tXt`ym Pe-_n-
µthm `qau-]X- n-XmkvtX cp{Zm-£mx-ZP
- mXmx kÀhm-
\p-{K-lmÀ°-amb tXjmw \mtam-¨m-cW amt{XW
ZitKm {]Zm-\-^ew ZÀi\ kv]Ài-\m-`yw. ZznKpWw
^e-aX DuÀ[zw hàpw \ iIvt\man;
At±-l-t¯mSv `K-hm³ Imem-án-cp-{Z³ ]dªp:þ
"Rm³ {Xn]p-cm-kp-c-·msc h[n-¡p-¶-Xn\v kam-[n-Ø-\mbn
I®p-I-f-S-¨p. At¸mÄ I®n \n¶p Pe-_n-µp-¡Ä `qan-
bn ]Xn-¨p. Ah-cp-{Zm-£-§-fmbn XoÀ¶p. kÀhm-\p-{K-
lmÀ°w Rm³ ]d-bp¶p þ Ah-bpsS \mtam-¨m-c-W-am-{X-
bn Xs¶ ]¯p ]ip-¡sf Zm\w sN¿p¶ ^ehpw
ZÀi-\-kv]Ài-\m-Zn-I-fm AXnsâ Cc«n ^ehpw e`n-¡p-
¶p. CXn IqSp-Xsem¶pw F\n¡v ]d-bm-\n-Ã.
3. Xss{XtX tÇmImx `h´n Ikvanw
ØnXw Xp Inw
\ma IYw hm [mcytX \sscx
IXn-t`-Z-ap-Jm-\y{X ssIÀa-ss{´À [mcytX IYw
N P
755
3
CtX-¸än tÇmI-§-fp-­v. AXv FhnsS ØnXn-sN-¿p-
¶p. F´mWv t]cv? F§-s\-bpÅ a\p-jy-cmWv CXv [cn-
¡p-¶Xv? Ah F{X-hn-[-ap-­v. GsXÃmw a{´-§-fmÂ
F§s\ [cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p.
4. Znhy-hÀj kl-{kmWn N£p-cp-·o-eoXw abm
`qam-]£
- n-]p-Sm-`ywXp ]\nXm Pe_nµhx
5. X{Xm{ip _nµthm PmXmx alm
cp{Zm£ hr£Imx
Ømh-cXz a\p {]m]y-`à - m-\p-{K-l-Im-cW
- mXv
6. `àm\mw [mc-WmXv ]m]w Znhm-cm{Xn IrXw
ltcXv e£w Xp ZÀi-\mXv ]pWyw
tImSnkX-²m-c-Wm-`z-thXv
Xky tImSn iXw ]pWym e`-tX-[m-c-
W-¶cx e£
tImSn kl-{kmWn e£-tImSn iXm\n N
Bbncw Znhy-kw-h-Õ-c-§Ä¡p tijw Rm³ I®p-
IÄ Xpd-¶p. At¸mÄ I®p-If - n \n¶v `qan-bn ]Xn¨
Pe-¯p-Ån-IÄ alm-cp-{Zm-£-§-fmbn¯oÀ¶p. `à-·m-
cpsS A\p-{K-l-¯n\v AXv Ømh-c-ambn `hn-¨p. cp{Zm£w
[cn-¨m `à-·m-cpsS cm{Xn-bnepw ]Iepw sNbvX ]m]-
§Ä \kn-¡p-¶p. I­m e£w ]pWyw; [cn-¨m \qdp-
tImSn ]pWyw; cp{Zm£w [cn-¨p-sIm­p P]n-¨m a\p-
jyÀ¡v tImSm-\p-tImSn ]pWyw t\Sm³ Ign-bp-¶p.
8. XvÖhm-Ã`- tX ]pWym \tcm cp{Zm-£[ - m-c-WmXv
[m{Xn-^e- -{]-amWw bXv t{ijvT taX
ZpZm lrXw.
9. _Z-co-^-e-am{Xw Xp a[yaw t{]mNyptX _pss[x
A[a NW-am{Xw kymXv {]In-ssbjm
atbm NytX.
cp{Zm£w sIm­p P]n-¨m AXv [cn-¨ m-epÅ
]pWyw e`n-¡pw. s\Ãn¡m {]am-Wa - pÅ cp{Zm-£-amWv
t{ijvTw. e´-¡m-b¡v Xpey-am-bXv a[y-a-sa¶pw IS-e-
bv¡-s¡m-¯Xpw A[a-sa¶pw ]d-bp-¶p. C\n AXnsâ
{]{In-b-sb-¸än ]d-bmw.
10. {_mÒWmx £{Xnbmx sshiymx
iq{Zm-tÝXn inhm-Úbm
hrYm PmXm {]Ynhymw Xp XÖm-Xobmx
ip`m-£Imx
 756

I 11. tizXmkvXp {_mÒWm tÚbmx 19. AjvtSm-¯-ci

- s
- sXÀamem ap]-hoXw ]c-Iev] K
£{Xn-b-c-à-h À®Imx tbXv {Xnkcw {Xnkcw hm]n kmcmWw
sshiym hnÚmbmx IrjvWm ip`m ]©Iw XYmx
DZm-lrXmx 20. kcmWmw k]vXIw hm]n-_n-`r-bmXv
]c-ai
- n-hsâ BPvR-bm B awK-fI
- -ca
- mb cp{Zm- IcWw tZiXx
£-¯n \n¶v {_mÒ-W³, £{Xn-b³, sshiy³, iq{Z³ aIptS IpWvUte ssNh IÀWnIm
F¶o \mep PmXn-bnÂs]« hr£-§Ä D­m-bn. shfp¯
lmctI]n hm
cp{Zm-£s¯ {_mÒ-W-s\¶pw Nph-¶X - ns\ £{Xn-b-
s\¶pw aªsb sshiy-s\¶pw Idp-¯Xv iq{Z-s\¶pw Igp-¯n 36, Ccp `pP§-fnepw 16 hoXw, aWn-_-
]d-bp- ¶p. Ô-¯n 12, tXmfn 15 Cu hn[w cp{Zm£w [cn-¡W - w.
108 cp{Zm-£-§Ä sIm­p ame-bp-­m¡n ]qWqÂt]mse
12. {_mÒtWm _n`r-bmXv tizXm³ càm³
[cn-¡-Ww. ct­m aqt¶m At©m Gtgm I®n-IÄ IWvT-
cmPm Xp [mc-tbXv
¯n [cn-¡pI. IncoSw IpWvUew ISp-¡³ F¶o cq]-
]oXm³ sshiykvXp _nZy-bmXv ¯nepw [cn-¡mw.
IrjvWm³ iq{ZkvXp [mc-tbXv
21. tIbqc IStI kq{X Ip£n _tÔ hnti-jXx
13. kamx kv\nKv[m ZrVmx Øqemx
I­ssI kwbpXmx ip`mx kp]vtX ]otX kZm-Imew cp{Zm£w
[mctb ¶cx
Iran ZjvSw `n¶-`n¶w I­
ssIÀlo-\-tah N 22. {XniXw Xz[aw ]©-iXw a[y-a-ap-NytX kl
14. {hW-bp-à-a-bpàw N jUv cp{Zm£m {kap-¯aw t{]mà-tahw t`tZ\ [mc-tbXv
hnhÀP-tbXv \qen tImÀ¯ ame tIbqc IS-I¯ - nepw Ac-
kzb tah IrXw Zzmcw cp{Zm£w bnepw [cn-¡-Ww. Dd-§p-t¼mgpw DWÀ¶n-cn-¡p-t¼mgpw
kymZn-tlm-¯aw [cn-¡-Ww. ap¶qdv [cn-¡p-¶Xv A[ax Aªqdv a[yaw;
Dcp­v kv\nKv[hpw _e-ap-ÅXpw kvYqehpw apÅp- Bbncw D¯aw Cu \ne-bn cp{Zm-£-§Ä [cn-¡p-I.
ÅXpw ip`-sa¶v Icp-Xs- ¸-Sp-¶p. IoS-§Ä ISn-¨Xv On¶- 23. ic-ko-im\ at{´W IWvtT XXv
`n-¶w, apÅn-Ãm-¯Xv {hW-amÀ¶Xv ka-a-Ãm-¯Xv Ch ]pcp-tj-W Xp
hÀÖn-¡-Ww. kzbw Zzmc-ap-ÅXv D¯-aa - m-Wv.
AtLm-tcW Ktf [mcyw tXss\h
15. b¯p ]ucp-j-b-tXm\ IrXw X· [yaw `thXv
lrZtbm ]nhm
kam³ kv\nKv[m³ ZrVm³ Øqem³
£ua kqt{XW [mc-tbXv inc-Ên ""Cuim\x kÀh hnZym\mw'' F¶ a{´w
sIm­v; IWvT-¯n XXv]p-cp-jmb hnZvat- l...' F¶Xp-
16. kÀh-Kt- {XW kutay\ kmam-\ym\n
sIm­v Igp- ¯n AtLm- tct`ymw F¶-Xp- sIm­v C§s\
hnN-£Wx
IWvT-¯nepw s\©nepw cp{Zm£w [cn-¡p-I.
\nItj tlatcJm`m Nky tcJm {]Zr-iy-tX.
24. AtLmc _oP-a-t{´W Ic-tbmÀ
17. XZ-£a- p-¯aw hnZymXv XZv [mcyw inh-]q-ssIx
[m-c-tbXv kp[o
inJm-bm-ta-Ic
- p-{Zm£w {XniXw
inckm htlXv ]©m-i-Z-£{- KYn Xm³ thyma
hym]yhn tNmZtc
]pcp-j-{]-b-Xv\ -¯m Zzmc-ap-­m-¡-­h a[y-aw.
kv\nKv[-Zr-V-Øq-e -§-fmb cp{Zm-£-§sf ]«p-\q-en 25. ]© {_Ò-`ncw ssKÝ {Xnamem
tImÀ¯v [cn-¡-Ww. Ah kuay-kp-µc kam-\K - pWw ]©-k]vX Nn
tNÀ¶-hb - m-I-Ww. NmW-bn-ep-c-¨m kzÀ®-tc-J-t]m-en-cn- {KYnXzm aqe-a-t{´W kÀhmWy
¡p-¶Xv D¯-aw. inh-`-à-·mÀ AXmWv [cn-t¡-­-Xv. £mWn [mc-tb-Xv.
inJ-bn H¶v, Xe-bn ame-t]mse \qen tImÀ¯v
hnZzm-·mÀ c­p ssII-fnepw AtLm-c-_o-P-a{´w
ap¸-sX®w [cn-¡p-I.
sIm­v cp{Zm£w c­p ssII-fnepw [cn-¡p-Ibpw cp{Zm-
18. jvSv{XnwiXw Ktf Z[ymXv _mtlmx £-a-²y- ¯nse Zzmc-¯n A apX £ hscbpÅ A£-
tjmUi tjmUi c-§sf FgpXn \a-Èn-hmb F¶ ]©m-£c a{´w A`n-a-
aWn-_tÔ ZzmZ-ssih kvItÔ {´n¨v {]mW-{]-Xn-jvTm-Zn-IÄ sNbvXv aqe-a-{´-t¯m-Ssb
]©-iXw htlXv aqt¶m At©m Gtgm Cg-I-fmbn [cn-¡W - w.

N P

I 26. AY ssl\w `K-h´w Imemán
cp{Zw `qkpWvUx ]{]-Ñþ
Zp{Zm-£mWmw t`tZ\ bZp£m bXv kzcq]w
bXv ^e-an-Xn. XXv kzcq]w
apJ-bpà amcnjvS
\nc-k\w Imam-`ojvS ^ew {_qloXn
tlmhm-N.
]ns¶ `K-hm³ Imem-á n-cp-{Z-t\mSv `qkp-Wv U³
tNmZn¨p þ cp{Zm£ t`Z-a-\p-k-cn¨v GXp cp{Zm-£-§Ä¡v
GXmWv kzcq]w F´mWv ^ew? AXv F§s\ ZpcnXw
ian-¸n-¡p¶p? F§s\ DÑn-X-^-e-{]m-]X v n-bp-­m-Ip¶p þ
CsXÃmw ]d-ªp-Xc - n-I.
27. Xss{XtX tÇmImx `h´n
GI h{àw Xpcp-{Zm£w ]c-XX - z-kz-cq-]Iw
X²m-c-WmXv ]tc-XtXz eobtX hnPn-tX-{µnbm
28. Zznh{àw Xp ap\n-t{i-jvT, NmÀ²
\mco-izcmßIw
[mc-Wm-ZÀ²-\m-coix {]nbtX Xky \nXyZx
29. {XnapJw ssNh cp{Zm-£{- Z-a-án-{Xb kzcq-]I - w.
X²m-cW
- m¨ lpX-`q-àky XpjyXn \nXyZm
30. NXpÀapJw Xp cp{Zm£w NXpÀ a{´-kz-cq-]Iw
X²m-c-W m- ¨X
- pÀh-{àmx-{]o-btX
Xky \nXyZm
31. ]©-a{´w Xp cp{Zmbw ]© {_Ò kzcq-]Iw
]©-h{à kzbw {_Ò ]pwl-cymN
hymt]m-lXn
32. jUvh {àa]n-cp-{Zm£w ImÀ¯n-tI-bm[n
ssZhXw
X²m-cW
- mXv alm{io kym al
Zmtcm-Ky-ap-¯ -aw.
GI apJ-amb cp{Zm£w ]c-XXz kzcq-]a - m-sW¶pw
AXv [cn-¨m C{µn-b-§sf Pbn-¡p¶ ]cm-XX - z-¯n 42. NXpÀZi apJw-Nm£w cp{Z-t\{X kpZv`hw
ebn-¡p-sa¶pw Icp-X-s¸-Sp-¶p. ap\n-t{i-jvT, c­p-ap-J-apÅ
cp{Zm£w AÀ²-\m-coiz kzcq-]-amWv AXv [cn-¨m AÀ²-
\m-co-iz-c³ {]k-¶\ - m-Ipw. aq¶p apJ-t¯mSp IqSn-bXv
Aán-kz-cq-]a - m-Wv. AXp [cn-¨m Aán-tZ-h³ {]k-¶-
\m-Ipw. A©p apJ-ap-ÅXv ]©-ap-J-\mb inhsâ {]Xo-
I-am-Wv. AXp [cn-¨m `K-hm³ ]©-ap-J³ ]pcp-j-l-
Xysb Zpco-I-cn-¡p-¶p. Bdp apJ-apÅ cp{Zm£w `K-hm³
ImÀ¯n-tI-bsâ kzcq-]-am-W.v AXp [cn-¨m al-¯mb
sFiz-cy-ap-­m-Ipw. Btcm-Kyhpw e`n-¡pw.
33. aXn hnÚm\ k¼¯n ip²tb [mc-tbXv
kp[ox hn\m-b-Im[n ssZhw N {]h-Z´n
a\o-jnWx
N P
757
CXns\ hnZzm-·mÀ KtWi kzcq-]s
- a¶v Icp-Xp-¶p. K
_p²n, hnZy, sFizcyw Chbv¡ v CXv [cn-¡ p-¶ Xv
D¯-aw.
34. k]vXh - {àw Xp cp{Zm£mw k]vXa - m-em[n
ssZhXw X²m-cW - m-·lm {iokym
al-Zm-tcmKy ap¯-aw.
35. alXn Úm\-k¼ - ¯nx ipNnÀ[m-cW - Xx kZm
AjvT-h{àw Xp cp{Zm-£a - -jvSam
{Xm[n ssZhXw
36. hkz-jvTI {]nb ssNh KwKm {]oX-Icw
XYm, X²m-cWm Znta {]oXm `thbp:
kXy-hmZnx
37. \h-{iw. Xpcp-{Zm£w \h iàym[n ssZhXw
Xky [mcW amt{XW {]nbt´ \h iàbx
38. Zi-h{àw Xpcp-{Zm£w ba-ssZh Xyao-cnXw
Zim-{]-im´n P\Iw [mc-Wm-¶m{I kwibx
Ggp-ap-J-apÅ cp{Zm£w k]vX-tem-I-am-Xm-¡-fpsS
kzcq]w tNÀ¶-Xm-W.v AXp [cn-¨m sFiz-cyhpw Btcm-
Kyhpw ssIh-cpw. ip²n-tbmsS [cn-¨m Úm\w e`n-
¡pw. AjvS-ap-J-t¯mSp IqSn-bXv Aj-S-am-Xm-¡-fpsS kzcq-
]-amÀ¶-Xm-W.v AXv AjvS-h-kp-¡Ä¡pw {]nb-¦-c-am-Wv.
AXp [cn-¨m KwKm-tZ-hnbpw {]k-¶-bm-Ip-¶p. H³]Xp
apJ-apÅ cp{Zm-£-¯nsâ A[n-tZ-hX \h-i-àn-bm-Wv.
AXv [cn-¨m \h-i-àn-Ifpw {]km-Zn-¡p-¶p. ]¯p apJ-
ap-Å-Xnsâ A[n-tZ-hX ba-\m-Wv. ba-\mWv AXv ZÀi-\-
am-{X-bn Xs¶ im´n \ÂIpw AXv [cn-¨m im´n
e`n-¡p-sa¶v kwi-bm-Xo-X-am-Wv.
39. GIm-Zi- a
- pJw Xz£w cpss{ZIm Zi ssZhXw
XZnZw ssZhXw {]mlpx kZm
ku`mKy hÀ²\w
41. {Xtbm Zi-apJw Xz£w ImaZw in²nZw ip`w
Xkymx-[m-cW amt{XW Ima-tZhx {]ko-Z-Xn.
kÀh-hym[n lcw ssNh kÀhZm
tcmKy am]v\p-bm-Xv.
]Xn-s\m-¶p-ap-J-apÅ cp{Zm-£-¯nsâ tZhX GIm-Z-
i-cp-{Z-·m-cm-Wv. AXv ku`m-Ky-hÀ²-I-am-W.v ]{´­p apJ-
ap-ÅXv alm-hn-jvWp-kz-cq]w ZzmZ-im-ZnXy cq]-amWv AXv.
Xmev]c - y-apÅ ]ecpw AXv [cn-¡p-¶p. AXp [cn-¨mÂ
Ima-tZ-h³ {]km-Zn-¡p-¶p. ]Xn-¶mev apJ-ap-ÅXv cp{Zsâ
I®p-I-fn \n¶pw khn-tijw D­m-b-Xm-W.v AXv kÀh-
hym-[n-l- chpw Btcm-Ky-Zm-b- I-hp-am-Ip-¶p.
43. aZyw amwkw N eip\w ]emWvUp
in{Kp-ta-hN
tÇjvam-XIw hnUvhc- m-l-a-`£y hÀÖ-tb-¶cx
 758
I cp{Zm£w [cn-¡p-¶h- ³ aZyw, amkw, shfp-¯p-Ån,
Npa-¶pÅn, apcn-§-¡, tÇjvam-XI
- w, hnUz-cmlw F¶o
]ZmÀ°-§Ä ssIsh-Sn-b-Ww.
44. {KltW hnjp-th, ssNh-a-b-t\-
kw-{Ita ]n N
ZÀtijp ]uÀ®-am-tkN ]qÀt®jp
Znh tkjp N
cp{Zm£ [mc-WmXv kZyx kÀh ]mss]x
{]ap-NytX
{KlWk-a-b w, hnjp (Xpemw taS-am-k-§ -fnÂ)
cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw Xpey-amb Znh-kw) kqcy {Im´n Ab-
\-]c
- n-hÀ¯-\w, Aam-hm-kn, ]uÀ®-an, ]qÀ® Znh-kw
Cu L«-§-fn cp{Zm£w [cn-¨m thK-¯n ]m]-hn-ap-
àn-b p-­m-Ipw.
45. cp{Zm-£a
- qew XZv{_Ò X¶mew
hnjvWp-tc-hh N
X·pJw cp{Z CXym-lp-kvXZv _nµpx
kÀhtZ hXmx
cp{Zm-£ -¯ nsâ aqe-` mKw {_Òmhpw \mf-` mKw
hnjvWphpw apJ-`mhw cp{Z\pw _nµp-¡Ä kÀh-tZ-h-·mcpw
BsW¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.
46. AY Imemán cp{Zw `K-h´w k\Xv Ipamcx
]{]Ñ þ "A[oln `K-hm³ cp{Zm£ [mcW hn[nw'
Xkva n³ katb \nZmL PU-`-c X Z¯m- t{Xb
ImXym-b\ `c-ZzmP I]ne hknjvT ]n¸-em-Zm-Zb
Ý Imem-án-cp{Zw ]cn-kt- atXy Npx AY Imemán
cp{Zx Inan°w `h-Xm-am-K-a-\a
- nXn tKmhm-N. cp{Zm£
[mcW hn[nw ssh kÀth t{iXp-an-Ñm-atl CXn.
]ns¶ k\Xv Ipam-c³ Imemán cp{Z-t\mSp tNmZn
¨p:þ ""`K-hm-s\, A§v cp{Zm£ [mc-W-hn[n ]dªp Xc-
Ww.'' At¸mÄ \nZm-L³, PU-`-c-X ³, Z¯m-t{X-b³,
ImXym-b-\³, `c-Zzm-P³, I]n-e³, hkn-jT v ³, ]n¸-em-Z³
XpS-§nb ap\n-amÀ Imem-án-cp-{Z\p Npäp-an-cp-¶p. h¶-sX-
´m-s W¶p tNmZn-¨ -t ¸mÄ AhÀ ]dªp: "`K-h ³,
R§Äs¡-Ãm-hÀ¡pw cp{Zm£ [mc-W-hn[n Adn-bm-\m-
{K-l-ap-­v .
47. AY Imem áncpt{Zx t{]mhmNx cp{ZWy \b-
\m-Zp-X v]¶mx cp{Zm£m CXn temtI Jymb-t´,
AY kZm-inhmx kwlmc Imte kwlmcw IrXzm
kwlm-c m£w apIp- fo-I - tcm- X n. X¶-b -\ m- Ö Xm
cp{Zm£m CXn tlmhmN XkvamZv cp{Zm-£Xz anXn
Imemán cp{Zx t{]mhm-N.
Imem-án- cp-{Z³ ]dªp: "cp{Zsâ t\{X-§-fn \n¶pw
DÛ-hn-¨-Xp-sIm­v cp{Zm£w F¶v {]kn-²-am-bn. `K-hm³
kZm-in-h³ kwlm-c-Im-e¯v kI-eXpw kwl-cn-¨-tkjw
N P
{]]-©-kw-lm-c-Ia
- mb Xsâ t\{X-aS- -bv¡p-¶p. AXnÂ
K
\n¶p-Û-hn-¨-XmWv cp{Zm-£w.
48. XZv cp{Zmt£ hmKzn-jtb IrtX Zi tKm {]Zm-
t\\ bXv ^e-ap-hm-]vt\mXn XXv ^e-a-iv\pX k
Gj `kva tPymXo-c p-{Zm£ CXn. X{Zp- {Zm£w
ItcW kv] pjv Szm [mcW amt{XW Zznk-l{k
tKm{]-Zm-\-^ ew `h-X n. X{Zp-{Zmt£ IÀ®-tbmÀ
[mcy-amtW GIm-Zi kl{k tKm{]-Zm\ ^ew
`h-Xn. GIm-Zi cp{ZXzw N KÑ-Xn. X{Zp {Zmt£
inckn [mcy-amtW tImSn-tKm-{]-Zm\ ^ew `h-Xn.
"GXmjmw Øm\m\mw IÀ®tbmx ^ew hàpw
\ iIy-anXn tlmhmN!
cp{Zm£w hm¡n\p hnj-b-am-¡n-bm ]¯p ]ip-
¡sf Zm\w sN¿p¶ ^ew kn²n-¡ p-¶ p. cp{Zm£w
ssIsIm­p sXm«v [cn-¨m am{Xw c­m-bncw ]ip-¡sf
Zm\w sNbvXm-epÅ ^ew D­m-Ipw. AXv sNhn-bn [cn-
¨m ]Xn- t\m-cm-bncw ]ip-¡sf Zm\w sNbvXm-epÅ ^ew
In«pw. IqSmsX GIm-Zi cp{Z-Xzhpw e`n-¡p-¶p. inc-Ên-e-
Wn-ªm tImSn tKmZm-\-^-e-am-Wv. Ch-bpsS Øm\-§-
fp-sSbpw IÀ®-§-fp-sSbpw ^ew ]d-bm³ {]bm-kw.
49. b Camw cp{Zm£ Pm-_m-tem-]\ - n-jZw \nXy-a-
[otX _mtem hm bphm hm thZ ka-lm³ `h-Xn.
kKpcpx kÀthjmw a{´-W m-ap-] -tZjv Sm `h-X n.
GssX-tch tlmaw Ipcym-Xv. GssX-tc-hmˬ\w
XYm-c -t£mLv \ w arXyp-Xm-c Iw Icp-W m-e _v[ w
IWvtT _mlu-in-J mbmw hm _[v \oX k]vX
Zzo]-h Xo `qanÀ Z£n- W mÀ°w \mh-I ev] n tX
XkvamZv {i²bm bmw Imw NnZv Kmw ZZymXv km
Z£nWw `h-Xn. b Cam-ap-]\ - nj {_mÒWx kb-
a- [ o- b mt\ m Z nh - k - I r X w ] m] w \ mi - b - X n.
a[ymtÓ [obm\x jUvP· IrXm-]m]w \mi-
bXn kmbw {]mXmx-{]-bp-RvPt\m At\-I-P-·I - r-
Xw-]m]w \mi-b-Xn. jSv kl-{k-e£ Kmb-{Xo-P]
^e-am-]vt\m-Xn, {_Ò-lXym kpcm-]m\ kzÀ®-
kvt Xb Kpcp-Z m-c -i-a\ XÕw-tbmKw ]mX-tI-`y.
]qtXm `hXn kÀh XoÀ° ^e-a-i-¶-tX. ]XnX
kw`m-j-Wm-Xv]qtXm `hXn. ]wàn iX kl-{k-
]m]vt\m `h-Xn. inh-km-bq-Py-a-hm-]tv \m-Xn. \N ]\-
cm-hÀ¯ tX \ N ]yp\ cmhÀ¯-tX. CtXymw
kv Xyan-X yp- ]-\n-j-¯ v.
Cu cp{Zm-£-Pm-_m-tem-]\ - n-j¯v \nXyhpw A[y-
b\w sN¿p-¶-h³ _met\m bphmthm Bcm-bmepw alm-
\m-Ipw. AbmÄ kÀh-a-{´-§-fp-sSbpw D]-tZ-jvSm-hmIpw.
Ch- sIm­v tlmahpw ]qPbpw \S-¯-Ww. It£m-L\ v hpw
arXyp-lm-c-I-hp-amb cp{Zm£w Kpcp-hn \n¶pw kzoI-cn¨pw
Igp-¯nepw ssIIfnepw inJ-bnepw [cn-¡-Ww. AXn\v
Ggp Zzo]pÅ `qan apgp-h³ Z£nW sImSp-¯mepw aXn-
 759
I bm-hn-Ã. AXn-\m {i²-tbmsS F´p sImSp-¯mepw Z£n-
W-bmIpw {i²-t bmsS Cu D]-\n-j¯pw A[y-b\w
sN¿p¶ {_mÒ-Wsâ cm{Xn sNbvX ]m]w \in-¡p-¶p.
D¨bv¡v A[y-b\w sNbvXm Bdp P·w sNbvX ]m]w
\in-¡pw.
Ime¯pw sshIo«pw A[y-b\w sNbvXm At\-I-
P-·-§-fnse ]m]w ian-¡pw. Bdm-bncw e£w Kmb{Xo
a{´w P]n-¡p¶ ^ew In«p-¶p. {_Ò-lX - y, aZy-]m-\w,
1 cpt{Zm-]-\n-j¯v
hniz-a-tbm-{_m-ÒWx inhw {]PXnw {_mÒWx
]©m-£c a\p-`-hXn {_mÒWx inh ]qP-cXx inh-
`àn hnlo-\-tÝXv k NWvU me D]-N-Þmex
N X p À th - Z - P vtR m] n b i nh `à k G h
{_mÒWx A[-a-Ý-Þmtem ]n inh-`à - . tÝXv
{_mÒmXv t{ijvT -Xcx {_mÒW kv{Xo ]p{Þ
{h X x k G h {_ mÒ W x i nh `tà tc h
{_mÒW inh-enwKm ¨\-bp-X-ÝÞ - me lkvXh - n-
`qXn ip²m Krl-Øm\mw \nÀ½-eh - n-`qXn X]-kzn-
`nx kÀh `kva [mcyw bZzm inh `ànx kw]pjvSw
kZm]n XZv ZknX tZh-Xm-[mcyw
hniz-a-b-\mb {_mÒ-W³ inh-k -ao-] -sa-¯p-¶p.
Ah³ ]©m-£cw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p. inh-]q-Pb - n cX-
\m-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw \ax inhmb F¶ ]©m-£cw kZm
ssIImcyw sN¿p-¶-h-\mWv bYmÀ° {_Ò-Úm-\n.
NXpÀ thZ-Ú-\m-bmepw inh-`-àn-c-ln-X-s\-¦n AbmÄ
NÞm-fX - p-ey³ Xs¶. {_mÒ-W³ {Xn]pÞw [cn-¡p-
¶-h\- m-IW- w. AXn-emWv Ahsâ {_mÒ-W-Xzw. inh-`-
àn-bm am{X-amWv Ah³ {_mÒ-Ws - \-¶-dn-b-s¸-Sp-I.
inh-enwKw ]qPn-¡p¶h³ NÞm-f-\m-bmepw {_mÒ-W-
t\-¡mÄ t{ijvT- \m-Wv. inh-`- à- \mb NÞm- f³ \ÂIp¶
`kvaw bÚ-¯n-te-¡mÄ ip²-am-Wv. `kvaw aq¶p Xc-
¯n-ep-­v. Nne-Xn\v sN¼nsâ \nd-am-bn-cn-¡pw. NneXv
shÅ-bm-Wv. NneXv Aev]w ]pI-hÀ®-¯n a¬s]m-Sn-
tbmSp ka-am-bn-cn-¡pw. hnc-à· - m-cmb X]-kzn-IÄ¡pw
ip²- cmb Krl-Ø-·mÀ¡pw kzÑ-`-kva-amWv A\p-tbm- Pyw.
inh-`-à\v GXp hn[-¯n-ep-ÅXpw kzoI-cn-¡mw.
N P
kzÀ®, tNmc-Ww, Kpcp Zm Km\w Ch-bpsS ]m]-§fpw K
\in-¡pw. kI-e-XoÀ°-§-fnepw kv\m\w sN¿p¶ ^ew
In«pw. ]Xn-X-cp-ambn kw`m-jWw sNbvX-Xnsâ ]m]hpw
\in-¡pw. AbmÄ At\I tImSn-Po-hnIsf ]cn-ip-²\ - m-
¡p¶h\mbn `hn-¡p-¶p. inh-km-bqPyw e`n-¡pw. ]n¶oSv
Ah³ P·-a-cW - t- ¢iw A\p-`-hn-t¡­n hcn-Ã. C§s\
cp{Zm£ Pm_m-tem-]-\n-j-¯p.
cp{Zm-£-Pm-_m-tem-]-\n-j¯v Ah- km-\n-¨p.
3
Aán-cnXn `kva hmbpcn Xn `kva Øe-anXn
`kva Pe-anXn `kva thymtaXn `kva CXym-Zyp-]-
\-\n-j-XvIm-c-WmXv Imcyw A\y{X hniz-XÝ£p
cpX hniz-Xo-aptJm hniztXm lkvX DX hniz
]mXv kw _mlp`ymw \aXn kw ]X- \ ymhm
]rYnho P\- b ³ tZh GIx Xkv a mXv {]mW
enwtKm inhx inhx {]mW-enwKo PSm-`k
- va-[-tcm]n
{]mW-enwtKm ln t{ijvTx {]mW-enwKo inh-cq]x
{]mW-e nwKo PwK-a -c q]x inh Gh PwKa cq]x
{]mW-enw-Kn\mw ip² kn²nÀ\ `hXn {]mW enwKn
\mw PwKa ]qPym\mw ]qPy X]-k zn\mw aqV-
ÝÞm tem ]n{]mWm-enwKo XkvamXv {]mW-
enwKo hntij CXymZn b Ghw thZ k inh cp{Z
Gh-cp{Z {]mW-enwKo \mt\ym `hXn
Aán, hmbp, Pew, Øew, BImiw kI-eXpw `kva-
a-b-am-Ip-¶p. AXp a\-Ên-em¡n `kvaw [cn-t¡-­-Xm-Ip-
¶p. Cuiz-c³ FÃm-bn-S¯pw I®p-Ifpw \mep-hi - ¯pw
apJhpw \mep-`m-K¯pw ssIIfpw \mep-hi - ¯pw Imep-
Ifpw DÅ-h-\m-sW¶v {]kn-²a - m-W.v At±lw `qan-sbbpw
BIm-is - ¯-bp-saÃmw krjvSn-¨p. At±lw kI-eÀ¡pw
{]W-an-¡m³ tbmKy-\m-W.v Pe-Po-hn-Ifpw Øe-Po-hn-Ifpw
BIm- i-Nm-cn-I-fp-saÃmw At±-ls¯ {]W-an-¡p-¶p. {]mW-
k-enw-Kn-bmWv inh³. inh³ Xs¶-bmWv {]mW-enw-Kn.
CwK-ac - q-]\
- mWv inh³. inh³ Xs¶ PwK-a-kz-cq-]³.
{]mW-enw-Kn-I-fn X]-kzn-I-fn t{ijvT-cm-Wv. inh-`-à-
\mb NÞm-f\pw t{ijvT-\mb {]mW-enw-Kn-bm-W.v {]mW-
 760
I enwKn Xs¶ t{ijvT³. BXnYyw Adn-bp¶h³ inh³
Xs¶ cp{Z³. cp{Z³ Xs¶ {]mW-enw-Kn. thsdm-cm-fÃ
- .
Bßm ]c-a-in-h-Zztbm Kpcp inh KpcpWmw
kÀh hniz-anZw hniz-a-t{´W [mcyw ssZhm [o\w
PK-Z nZw XZv ssZhw X·m- {XmXv X\ptX Xt·
ssZhw Kpcp-c nXn KpcqWmw kÀh- Ú m- \ nXmw
Kpcpam Z¯-ta-X-Z¶w ]c-{_Ò {_Òm kzm\p `qXn
Kpcp intJm tZh Kpcp inh Gh enKw D`-tbm-c`- n-
¶-XzmXv b{X Kpcp-kvX{X inhx inh-Kp-cp-kz-cqt]m
atl-izc inh-tbm-Kn\ inh-]q-Pm-]tY Kpcp ]qPm
hn[u N atl-izc inh-tbm-Kn\ inh ]qPm-]tY
Kpcp-]qPm hn[u N atl-izc ]qP-\m-apàm enwKm-
`n-tjIw \nÀ½mey Kptcm-c` - n-tjI XoÀ°w atl-
iz-c -] m- tZm-Z Iw P·-a m- e n-\ yp-£ m-f-b´n tXjmw
{]oXn inh-{]oXn tXjmw Xr]vXn inh-Xr]vXnw
ssXÝ ]mh\o hmk tXjmw \nc-k\w inh \nc-
k\w B\µ ]cm bWx Xkvam-Ñnhw {hP´p Kpcpw
{]P´p ]tXyh ]mh\w
Cu Bßmhv {_Ò-cq-]hpw inh-cq-]-hp-am-Ip-¶p. Kpcp-
in-h-cq-]-am-Wv. Kpcp-¡-·mÀ¡v Cu hniz-saÃmw inh-a-{´m-
1 emwKq-tem-]-\n-j¯v
im´n]mTw
Hmw B]ymb´p aamwKm\n hmIv {]mWÝ
£px t{im{XatYm_ean{µnbmWn N kÀhmWn
kÀhw {_tÒm]\njZw amlw {_Ò \ncmIpcy
amam {_Ò\ncm ItcmZ\ncmWakvXp A\ncmI
cWw ta kvXp XZmßm\n \nctX b D]\njXv
kp [À½mkvt X abn k´p tX abn k´p Hmw
im´nx im´nx im´nx
Fsâ Awi§Ä ]pjvSn {]m]n¡s«. hm¡v {LmWw
N£pÊv _ew kÀth{µnb§Ä FÃmw ]pjvSn {]m]n-
¡s«. kIe D]\nj¯pIfpw {_Ò kzcq]§fmWv.
F\n¡v {_Òs¯ ]cnXyPn¡m\nSbmIcpXv. {_Òw
Fs¶ ssIshSnbmXn¡s«. D]\nj¯v [À½§Ä
F¶n \nesImffpamdmIs«. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
N P
ß-I-am-t¡-­X - p-­v. Cu {]]©w tZhm-[o-\-am-Wv. a{´m-
K
[o-\-amWv ssZhXw B ssZhw Xs¶ Fsâ Kpcp. Kpcp-
¡-fmepw kÀh-Ú-·m-cpsS Kpcp-hmepw \nÀ½n-X-amb Cu
A¶w ]c-{_Ò cq]-am-Ip-¶p. kzm\p-`hw sIm­p thWw
{_Òw a\-Ên-em-¡m³. tZh-\mb inh³ Xs¶ ]c-aK - p-
cp. Kpcp-hmb inh³ enwK-kz-cq-]-\m-Wv. \ncm-Imc {_Ò-
¯nsâ NnÓ-amWv inh-enw-Kw. FhnsS Kpcp-hp­v AhnsS
inh-\p-­v. B atl-iz-c³ Kpcp-kz-cq-]-\m-Ip-¶p. {`a-IoS
kn²m´ {]Imcw kZm inhs\ Bcm-[n-¡p¶ km[-I³
kzbw inh³ Xs¶ Bbn-¯o-cp-¶p. inh-enw-Ks¯ A`n-
tjIw sN¿p-¶Xp sIm­v kIe ]m]-§fpw Zqc-¯n-em-
Ip-¶p. Kpcp-hns\ ]qPn-¡p¶XpsIm­pw inh\v A`n-
tjIw sN¿p-¶X - p-sIm­pw P·m-´c ]m]§fpw Zqc-¯n-
em-Ip-¶p. kI-e-scbpw kvt\ln-¡p-¶Xpw inh t{]aw
Xs¶. kIe Pohn-I-fp-sSbpw kwXr]vXn inh-sâbpw
kwXr-]vXn-bm-Wv. temI \nc-k\w inhsâ \nc-k-\-am-Ip-
¶p. Cu t_m[hpw hnth-Ihpw DÅ-h³ F¶pw B\-µ-
bp-à-\m-bn-cn-¡pw. inhs\ icWw {]m]n-¡p-I. Kpcp-hns\
icWw {]m]n-¡p-I.
cpt{Zm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
3
1. Ix khnXm Im kmhn{Xn? Aántch khnXm
khnXm ]rYnho kmhn{Xo k b{XmánkvX Xv
]rYnho b{X hm ]rYnho X{XmánkvtX tZz tbm\n
kvXtZIw anYp\w
2. Ix khnX m Im kmhn{Xn? hcpW Gh
khnXm B]x kmhn{Xn k b{Xm hcpWkvXZm
t]m b{X hm Xm]kvXZv hcpW kvtX tZz tbm\n
XtZIw anYp\w
3. Ix khnXm Im kmhn{Xo hmbptch khnXm
BImi kmhn{Xo k b{Xhmbpkv X ZmImtim
b{X hm BImikvXZzmbp kvtX tZz tbm\o
XtZIw anYp\w
4. Ix khnXm Im kmhn{Xo bÚ Gh khnXm
Oµmwkn kmhn{Xn b{X bÚ kvX{XOµmwkn
 761
I b{X hmOµmwkn k bÚ kv t XtZztbm\o
XtZIw anYp\w
5. Ix khnXm Im kmhn{Xn? kvX\bnXv\ptch
khnXm hnZypXv kmhn{Xo
Xmsg sImSp¯ncn¡p¶ {Iaa\pkcn¨v AwK\ymkw
sN¿Ww.
Hmw `px \tamþ AwKpjvT m`yw \ax inctk
kzmlm Hmw `ph Xtamþ XÀP\o`ymw \ax inctk
kzmlm Hmw kz \tamþa[yam`ymw \ax inJmssb
hjSv Hmw alxþA\manIm`yw \ax t\{X{Xbmb
h j Sv Hmw P \ x þ I \ nj v T nI m`y mw \ ax
t\{X{Xbmb hjvSv Hmw X]xþ IcXehrjvSm`yw
\ax Akv{Xmb ^Sv
ssIIq¸n I®pIÄ AS¨v h{PmwKw ]nwK t\{Xw
F¶p XpS§nb [ym\tÇmIw sNmÃWw. C{XbpamWv
am\tkmhNmcw. ]qPn¨Xn\ptijw
Hmw \tam `KhtX `mhm\e Imemán l\p
atX P\{intbm PbPohnXmb [hfoIrXPK
{¯b h{P tZl h{P]pÑ h{PImb h{PXpÞ
h {P a p J h {P a p J h {P _ m tl m h {P tc ma
h{Pt\{X h{PZ´ h{Picoc kIemßImb
{i oa I c ] nwK f m£ D{K { ] fbI me c u{Z
hocm`{ZmhXmc, ic`kmess`chtZmÀZÞe¦m
]pcn Zl\ DZ[newL\ Zi {Koh IrXm´
koXmhnizmk, Cuizc]p{X ARvP\KZv kw`qX
DZb`mkvIc _nw_\f {KmkI tZhZm\h Ejn
ap\nhµy ]mip]Xmkv{X {_Òmkvss{X _e\m
cmbWmkv{ X ImeiànImkv {X ZÞImkv {X
]mimtLmc¶ \nhmcW ]mip]Xmkv{X {_Òm
kv{X ss_ehmkv{X \mcmbWmkv{XayU kÀh
iàn {Kk\ aamßc£mIc ]chnZym \nhmcW
B ßhnZym kwc£IAánZo]v X AYÀhW
thZkn² kv{XoImemán \ncmlmcI_mlpthK
at\ m th K {i o c maX mc I ] c {_ Ò h ni z
cq]ZÀi\ e£vaW {]mW{]XnjvTm\µIc Øe
Pemán aÀ½ t`Zn³ kÀh i{Xq³ OnÔn aa
sshcnWx JmZb JmZb UmIn\o hn[zwkt\\
kp{Koh kJyIcW \njv I f¦ Ipamc{_Ò
Nmcn³ ZnKw_c kÀh]m] kÀh]m] kÀh{Kl
IpamcKrl kÀhw tOZb tOZb t`Zb `nÔn
`nÔn JmZb JmZb SwI SwI XmUI XmUI
amcb amcb timjb timjb Pzmeb Pzmeb
lmcb lmcb tZhZ¯w \mib\mib AXn
timjb AXntimjb aa kÀhw N l\pam³
c£ c£ Hmw {lmw {low {lqw lpw ^Sv tL
tL kzmlm
N P
Hmw \tam `KhtX NÞ {]Xm] l\patX K
almhocmb kÀhZpxJ hn\mimb {KlaWv Ue
`qXaÞe t{]X ]nimN XÞe kÀthm¨m\b
A X n` b¦ c P zc amtl i zc P zc þ h n j vW p
Pzcþ{_ÒPzc thXmf {_Òcm£k Pzcþ]n¯
Pzc tÇjva k¶n]mXIPzc hnjaPzc ioXPzc
GImlnI Pzc, ZzmlnI Pzc ss{XlnI Pzc
NmXpØnI Pzc AÀ²amknI Pzc amknI Pzc
j×mknI Pzc kmwkcnI Pzc AØy´ÀKX
Pzc alm]kva mc Pzc {ianIm]Øm\wÝ t`Zb
t`Zb JmZb JmZb {lmw {low {lqw lpw ^Sv
tL tL kzmlm
\tam `KhtX Nn´maWn l\patX AwKiqe
A£n iqe incÈqe Kpev]iqe DZc iqe t\{X
Èqe KpZiqeISIiqemPm\piqe LeUmiqe
lkvX iqe ]mZiqe Kpev^ iqe hmXiqehn
¯iqe hmbp iqe kv X \iqe ]cnWmaiqe
]cnLm iqe ]c_mWiqe Z´iqe Ip£niqe
kpa\iqe kÀhiqem\n \nÀ½qeb ssZXyZm\h
Iman\o thXmf {_Òcm£k tImemle \mK
]mim\´hmkpIn X£X ImÀt¡mSI enwK ]Xv
aI IpapZ PzctcmK ]m imlX alm amco³ Ime
]mi hnjw \nÀhnjw Ipcp Ipcp Hmw {lmw {low
{lqw lpw ^Sv tL tL kzmlm
Hmw {low {iow ¢ow ¥mw ¥ow ¥p Hmw \am
`KhtX ]mXmf KcpUl\patX ss`h _\ KXP
knwtlµmfo ]mi_Ôp tOZb tOZb {]fb
amc p X I me má n l \ p a tX i r J e m_ Ô w
tam£btam£b kÀh{Klw tOZb tOZb aa
kÀh ImcymWn km[b km[b ½ {]kmZw c£
£ Hmw {lmw {lnw {lqw {lo t£amw ss{`{kmw
¢mw ¢ow {Imw {Iow{lmw {low {lw ss{lw {]x
{lmw {low lp J J Pb Pb amcW taml\
LqÀ® LqÀ® Za Za amcb J tJ {lmw {low
lpw lqw
^Sv tL tL kzmlm
Hmw \tam `KhtX Imemáncp{Zl\patX
{`mab {`mab eh Ipcp Ipcp Pb Pb lk lk
amZb
amZ b {]P zeb ar Ub ar Ub {X mk b
{Xmkb kmlk kmlk hib hib imab
imab Akv{X{Xniqe Uac JÄKx Ime arXyp
I]me JSzmwK Jc Aab izmizX lpw lpw
AhXmb AhXmb lpw lpw A\´ `qjW ]c
X{´ ]cb{´ iX iX kl{k tImSn tXPx
]pRv P ap© t`Zb t`Zb Aánw _Ô b
kÀh{Klw _Ôb _Ôb A\´mZn ZpjvS\m
 762

I Km\mw hnlw l\l\ k Àhhnjw _Ô b apIfn kqNn¸n¨ hn[¯n am\knI ]qP sNbvX
K
_Ôb h{P XpÞ D¨mSb amcW taml\ Xn\p tijw Xmsg sImSp¡p¶ a{´§Ä D¨cn¡Ww.
hioIcW kv X w`u Ppw`WmIÀjtWm¨mS\ a{´§Ä D]tbmKs¸Sp¯n tlmahpw \S¯mw.
aneu hntZzjW bp² XÀ¡aÀ½mWn _Ôb
1. Hmw \tam `KhtX `mhm\e Imemán
_Ôb Hmw Ipamco ]Z{Xnl mc {_mWn{K
l\patX c£
aqÀ¯tb {Kma hknt\ AXn ]qÀÆiàmb
c£ Hmw {lmw {low {lqw lpw ^Sv
kÀhmbp[ [cmb kzmlm A£bmb tL tL
tLtL kzmlm
tL tL Hmw eee {Lm {Lu kzmlm Hmw lemw
leow leq lpw lpw tL tL kzmlm 2. Hmw \tam `KhtX Nn´maWn l\patX
\nÀhnjw
Hmw {imw {iow {iqw {iw Hmw \tam ZK ]tX Ipcp Ipcp tL tL kzmlm
`{Z Pm\nIS cp{Z hoc l\patX Sw Sw Sw ew ew
3. Hmw {low {iow ¢ow ¥mw ¥ow ¥pw Hmw \tam
ew tZhZ¯ZnKw_ccmjvSalmitàyjvSmwK[c
`KhtX
Ajv S almss`ch \h{_Òkzcq] ZzmZimÀ
]mXmf KcpU l\patX hmcb hmcb
¡tXP {XtbmZi tkmaapJ hoc l\pam³
tL tL kzmlm
kvXw`n\o tamln\o hiIcnWo X{´ I kmh
bh \Kc cmPapJ _Þu_e kpJaIcapJ 4. Hmw \tam `KhtX Imemán cp{Z
knwl Pnlzm apJm\n _Ôb _Ôb kvXw`b l\patX {Lm {Lm
kvXw`b hym{LapJ kÀh hyÝnImán Pzmem kzmlm lpw ^Sv tL tL kzmlm
hnjw \nÀ¤ab \nÀKabkÀhP\ sshcn apJw 5. Hmw {imw {io {ipw ss{i {i \tam
_ Ô b _ Ô b ] m] l c h oc l \ p am³ `KhtX `{Z Pm\nI
CuizcmhXmc hmbp \µ\ ARv P \o kpX cp{Z hoc l\patX lo lo kmKc
_Ôb _Ôb {iocma N{µtkhmIx Hmw {lmw lo lo hm hw
{lmw {lmw Báb {lmw Ëmw {Low {Iow bw t` kÀh a{´mÀ°mYÀhW thZ kn²nw
{`{Zx lSv JSv JSv kÀhP\ky Zriw e emw {iow Ipcp Ipcp kzmlm
{low {low a\x kvX w `b kvX w `b `RvP b
C§s\ cmaN{µ\pw inh\pw hoc`{Z\pw hoc`{Z³
`RvP b A{Znw {low {low a\x kvXw `b kvXw
AhtcmSpw ]dªp.
`b `RvP b `Rv Pb A{Znw {low h{low {low
kÀhw low low kmKc lo lo aa kÀh a{´ bmsXmcph³ {]`mX¯nepw a[ymÓ¯nepw kÔy
X{´ kn²w Ipcp Ipcp kzmlm {iocma N{µ ¡pw CXv ]Tn¡p¶p. AbmÄ¡v kIeXpw e`n¡m\nS
Dhm] {io almtZh DhmN {io hoc`{ZkvX u hcp¶p.
DhmN {Xn kÔyw b ]tT¶cx emwKptem]\nj¯v kam]n¨p.

1 h{P-kq-Nn-tIm-]-\n-j¯v
im´n-]mTw
Hmw B]ym-b´p aamw-Km\n hmIv {]mW-Ý£p
t{im{X-atYm _e-an-{µn-bmWn N kÀhmWn kÀhw
{_tÒm-]-\n-jZw amlw {_Ò \ncm-Ipcymw am am
{_Ò \ncm-Itcm Z\n-cm-I-c-W-a-kvXz-\n-cm-I-cW ta
AkvXp XZm-ß\n \nctX b D]-\n-jÕp [À½m
3
kvtX abn k´p tX abn k´p Hmw im´nx im´nx
im´nx
Hmw Fsâ AwK-§-fpw, hm¡v, {]mW³, N£p-Êv,
t{im{Xw, _ew, C{µn-b§- Ä F¶n-hbpw ]pãn {]m]n-
¡tW. FÃmw D]-\n-j-Zp-à -amb {_Ò-a m-W v. Rm³
{_Òs¯ \ncm-Ic - n-¡m-\n-S-bp-­m-Im-Xn-cn-¡-tW. {_Òw

N P
 763

I {_Òs¯ \ncm-Ic- n-¡m-\n-S-h-cm-Xn-cn-¡tW. {_Ò Fs¶ Xkvam-¶-tZtlm {_mÒW CXn K

]cn-Xy-Pn-¡m-Xncn-¡-tW. F\n¡pw {_Ò-¯n\pw X½nÂ
tZl-amtWm {_mÒ-W³ F¶ tNmZyw DZn-¡m-hp-¶-
At`-Zy-amb _Ôw D­m-Im-\n-S-h-c-tW. Rm³ {_Ò- ¯nÂ
Xm-Wv. AXp km[y-a-Ã. NÞm-e³ apXÂ kIe a\p-jy-
\n¶v AI-em-\n-S-h-cm-Xn-cn-¡-tW. Bß-]c
- -·m-cmb hyàn-
cp- sSbpw icocw H¶p-t]mse Xs¶ ]©-`q- Xm- ß- I- am-W-tÃm.
IÄ¡v bmsXmcp [À½-§Ä tkhy-§-fmbn D]-\n-j¯ - p-
Ah-cn hmÀ²-Iyw, ac-Ww, [À½w, A[À½w F¶n-h-
IÄ A\p- im- kn-¡p-t¶m Ah F¶n \ne-sIm-Å- tW. Hmw
sbÃmw H¶p-t]m- se-bm- Ip-¶p. {_mÒ-W³ shfp-¯-\n-d- ¡m-
im´nx im´nx im´nx
c\pw £{Xn- b³ Nph-¶-\n-d-¡m\pw sshiy³ aª\nd-¡m-
1. Hmw h{P-kqNnw {]h-£yan c\pw iq{Z³ Idp-¯-\n-d -¡ m-c \pw Bbn-cn-¡ -W -s a¶v
imkv{X- a-Ú m-\ -t `-Z\w bmsXmcp \nb-a-hp-an-Ã. am{X- a-Ã, ]nXm-hn-sâbpw ktlm-Z-
c-sâbpw ico-cZ- m-l{- In-b-IÄ sN¿p-¶-Xp-sIm­v ]p{Xm-Zn-
`qjWw Úm\lo-\m\mw
IÄ¡v {_Ò-lX - ym-Zn-tZm-j§
- Ä kw`-hn-¡p-¶n-Ã. AXp-
`qjWw Úm\-N£ - pjmw sIm­v tZlhpw {_Ò-Wm-\m-Im³ Xc- an-Ã.
AÚm- \s¯ \in- ¸n- ¡p- ¶Xpw Úm\- lo-\À¡v `qj- 5. XÀln PmXnÀ {_mÒW CXn tN¯¶ X{X
W-am-bn-tXm-¶m-hp-¶Xpw Úm\-N- £p-Êp-IÄ¡v `qj-W- hp- PmXy-´- c -P-´ p-j z- t\-I- Pm-Xn-k w-` -h m-· l Àjtbm
amb h{P-kq-Nn-tIm-]-\n-j-¯n-s\-¸än ]d-bmw. _lhx k´n Ejy-i rwtKm artKymx, IuinIx
2. {_Ò-£ -{Xnb sshiy-i q{Zx CXn NXzmtcm Ipim-Xv, Pmw_ptIm Pw_p-Im-Xv, hmevaotIm hevao-
hÀ®m- k v t Xjmw hÀ®m\ mw {_mÒ W Gh Im-Xv, hymkx ssIhÀ¯-I-\y-Imbmw ii-]r-jT v mXv
{][m\ CXn thZ-h-N-\m-\p-cq]w kvarXn-`n-c-]yp-àw. KuXax hknjvT DÀhiymw AKkv X yx Ieti
X{X tNmZy-akvXn tIm hm {_ÒtWm \ma, Inw PmXn CXn {ipX-X zmXv GtXjmw PmXym hn\m-
Pohx, Inw tZlx, Inw PmXnx, Inw Úm\w, Inw ]ymt{K Úm\- { ]- X n-] m- ZnXmx Ejtbm _lhx
IÀ½, Inw [mÀ½nI CXn k´n. Xkvam¶ PmXnÀ {_ÒW CXn.
{_mÒ-W³, £{Xn-b³, sshiy³, iq{Z³ F¶v \mep- PmXn-bm-bn-cn-¡ptam {_mÒ-W³? AXp km[y-a-Ã.
hÀ®-§fp­v. Ch-cn {_mÒ- W³ {][m- \- \m- sW¶v F¶p ImcWw `n¶ PmXn-bnÂs]« Pohn-I-fn \n¶pw At\Iw
thZw A\p-im-kn-¡p-¶p. kvarXn-I-fnepw A§s\ ]d-ªn- alÀjn-amÀ P\n-¨n-«p-s­¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. am³t]-S-bnÂ
cn-¡p-¶p. ChnsS tNmZy-ap-Zn-¡p-¶Xv {_mÒ-W³ Bcm-sW- \n¶ Ejy-irw-K\pw Ipi-bn \n¶ Iuin-I\pw Pw_p-I-
¶m-Wv. Ah³ Poh-\mtWm tZl-amtWm PmXn-bmtWm \n \n¶v Pmw_p-I\pw hevao-I-¯n \n¶ hmevao-Inbpw
Úm\-amtWm IÀ½-amtWm? [mÀ½n-I-X-Xz-amtWm? ap¡p-h-Ip-am-cn-bn \n¶ hymk\pw ii-]p-jvT-¯n \n¶v
KuX-a\pw DÀh-in-bn \n¶ hkn-jT v \pw IpS-¯n \n¶
3. X{X {]Ytam Pothm {_mÒW CXn tN¯¶
AK-kvXy\pw P\n¨p F¶ ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. Cu alÀjn-am-
AXo-X m-\ m-K-X m-t\-I -tZ-l m\mw Poh-s sky-I -c q-] -
sc-Ãm-hcpw PmXn IqSmsX Xs¶ ap¼n-\m Xs¶ Úm\n-
XzmXv GI-kym]n IÀ½-h-im-Z-t\-I-tZ-l-kw-` -hmXv
I-fm-bn-cp-¶p. AXp-sIm­v PmXn-bmWv {_mÒ-W-s\¶v ]d-
k Àh- i - c o- c mWmw Poh- s s k yI cq] - ¯ zm- ¨ .
bm³ \nhr-¯n-bn-Ã.
Xkvam¶ Pothm {_mÒW CXn.
6. XÀln Ú m\w {_mÒW CXn tN¯¶
Poh-\mWv {_mÒ-sW¶p ]d-ªm AXn\v km[y-X-
£{Xnbm-Ztbm f ]n ]c-amÀ°-ZÀint\m A`nÚmx
bn- Ã. `qX-`-hn-jy-XvIm-e-§-fn At\Iw ico-c-§-fn D­m-
_lhx k´n Xkvam-¶-Úm\w {_mÒW CXn
bn«pÅXpw `mhn-bn D­m-Im³ t]mIp-¶-Xp-amb Poh³
FÃmw H¶p-t]m-se-bm-Wv. Úm\w {_mÒ-W-\m- Iptam? AXp ]d-bm³ \nhr- ¯n-
bn-Ã. ImcWw At\Iw £{Xn-b-·mÀ ]c-amÀ°-ZÀin-IÄ
IÀ½m-\p-k-c- W-am-Wv At\Iw ico- c-§- fn AXv P\n-
Bbn-¯oÀ¶n- «p-­v. AXp- sIm­v Úm\w sIm­pw {_mÒ-
¡p-¶-Xv. FÃm ico-c-§Ä¡p Poh\pw GI-`m-ha - m-Wp-Å-
W-\m-Ip-sa¶ ]d-bp-hm³ km[y-a-Ã.
Xv. AXp-sIm­v Poh³ {_mÒ-W-\m-Ip-hm³ Xc-an-Ã.
7. XÀln- I À½ {_mÒW CXn tN¯¶ kÀ
4. XÀln tZtlm {_ÒW CXn tN¯-\ . B
thjmw {]mWn\mw {]mc-_v[-k-©n-Xm-Kman IÀ½-
NÞm-em-Zn-]-cy-´m\mw a\p-jymWmw ]m©-`uXn
km-[À½y-ZÀk-\mXv IÀ½m-`n-t{]-cnXm kt´m P\mx
ItXz\ tZlky GI-cq-]-XzmXv Pcm-a-cW [À½m-
{Inbmx IpÀh-´oXn Xkvam¶ IÀ½ {_mÒ-WC - Xn
[À½m-Zn-km-ay-ZÀi-\mXv {_mÒ Wx tizX hÀ®x
£{Xntbm cà-hÀ®x sshiyx ]oX-hÀ®x iq{Zx IÀ½w {_mÒ-W-\m-Iptam? AXp ]d-bp-hm³ {]bm-
IrjvW-hÀ®x CXn \nb-am-`m-hmXv ]n{Xm-Zn-i-c oc k-am-W.v Fs´-¶m kIe Pohn-I-fp-sSbpw ]mc-_v[hpw
Zlt\ ]p{Xm-Zo\mw {_Ò-l-Xym-Zn-tZm-j-kw-`-hm¨ k©n-X hpw BKm-an- bp-amb IÀ½- §-f n km[À½yw

N P
 764
I ImW-s¸-Sp¶p. AXn-\m IÀ½-¯m t{]cn-X-am-bn-«mWv
Poh³ {]hÀ¯n-¡p- ¶Xv X·qew IÀ½w {_mÒ-W-\m-Im³
Xc-an-Ã.
8. XÀln [mÀ½ntIm {_mÒW CXn tN¯¶ £{Xn-
bm-Ztbm lnc-Wy-Zm-Xmtcm _lhm k´n Xkvam¶
[mÀ½ntIm {_mÒ-WC - Xn
[mÀ½n-IX {_mÒ-W-\m-Iptam? AXn\p km[y-X-bn-Ã.
ImcWw At\Iw £{Xn-bm-Zn-IÄ kzÀ®-Zm\w sNbvXp
sImt­ Ccn-¡p-¶p. AXn-\m [mÀ½n-I\
- mb hyànbpw
{_mÒ-W-\m-Im³ sRcp-¡w.
9. XÀln tImhm {_mÒtWm \ma, bx IÝn-Zm-
ßm-\-a-Zzn-Xobw PmXn-Kp-W-{In-bm-lo-\w jUqÀ½n-
j-Uv`m-th-XymZn kÀh-tZm-j-c-lnXw kXy-Úm-\m-
\-µm-\-´-kz-cq]w kzbw \nÀhn-I-ev]-a-ti-j-I-ev]m-
[m-c-a-ti-j-`q-Xm-´-cym-an-tXz-\-hÀ¯am-\-avXÀ _ln-
Ým-Im-i -h-Z-\ p-kyq-X-a-J-Þ m-\ -µ -kz-`m-h-a-{]-ta-b-a-
\p-`s- sh-IhZya-]-tcm-£-Xb - m-`mk am\w Ic-X-e m-
a-e -I-h Xv km£m-Z-] -tcm-£ o-I rXy IrXmÀ°bm
Ima-cm-KmZn tZm jc-lnXx ia-Z-am-Zn-k-¼t¶m `mh-
am-Õcy XrjvWm imtam-lm-Zn-c-lntXm Zw`m-l-¦m-
cm-Z n- ` n- c kw ]rã- tNXm hÀ¯X Gh apà- e -
£tWm b k Gh {_mÒW CXn {ipXnkvarXn
1 ic-t`m-]-\n-j¯v
im´n-]mTw
Hmw `{Zw IÀt®`nx irWp-bma tZhm `{Zw
]tiy am£- ` n- c y- P - \ {Xmx Ønssc- c w- s sK- k vX p-
ãhmw kkvX-¶ p-` nÀhy-tia tZh-l nXw bZmbpx
kzkvXn \ Ct{µm hr²-{ihmx kzkvXn \ ]qjm
hniz thZmx kzkvXn \kvXmt£ym Acn-ã-t\anx
kzkvX n t\m _rl-k v] - X nÀZ-[ mXp Hmw im´nx
im´nx im´nx
tZh-·m-sc, R§Ä IÀ®-§-fm awKfw {ihn-¡-s«.
I®p-IÄsIm­v awKfw ImWtW. kpZr-V-§-fmb AwK-
§-fmepw ico-c-¯mepw \n§sf kvXpXn-¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡-s«.
tZh-·mÀ R§Ä¡v \nÝ-bn-¨n-«pÅ BbpÊp apgp-h³
N P
]pcm-tW-Xn-lm-km-`n-{]mbx A\yYm ln {_mÒ-WXz K
kn²nÀ\m-k v tXyh k¨n-Zm- \ -µ m-ß m\ aZzn-X obw
{_Ò-`m-h-tb-Zm-ßm\w k¨n-Zm-\µw {_Ò-`m-h-tb-Zn-
Xyp-] -\n-j-Xv.
B \ne-bn BcmWv {_mÒ-W³? AZzn-Xo-b-ambpw
PmXn-Kp-W- {In-bm-c-ln-X-ambpw jUqÀ½n-j-Uv`m-hmZn kÀh
tZmj-cl - n-X-ambpw kXy-Úm-\µ kzcq-]-ambpw kzbw
hnI-ev]-lo-\\mbpw kIe Iev]-§Ä¡pw B[mc`qX-
ambpw kIe `qX-§-fnepw A´-cym-an-bmbpw BIm-i-sa-
t¶mWw DÅnepw ]pd¯pw hym]n- ¨n- cn- ¡p-¶-Xm-bp]w AJ-
Þm-\µ kzcq-]-ambpw A{]-ta-b-ambpw A\p-`-ssh-It- h-
Zy-ambpw {]Xy-£-tXz\ tim`n-¡p-¶-Xm-bpw DÅ Bßm-
hns\ ssI¯-e-¯n-cn-¡p¶ s\Ãn¡ t]mse km£m-Xv¡-
cn¨v IrXmÀ°-\mbpw Ima-cm-Km-Zn-tZm-j-c-ln-X- \mbpw ia-Z-
am-Zn-k-¼-¶-\mbpw amÕ-cyw, XrjvW, Bi Ch shSn-ª-
h-\mbpw Zw`w, Al-¦mcw Ch ssIhn-«-h-\mbpw bmsXm-
cmÄ Ign-bp¶p Ah³ Xs¶-bmWv {_mÒ-W³ F¶t{X
{ipXn ]pcm-W-§-fn CXn-lm-k-§Ä Ch-bp-sS-sbms¡
A`n-{]m-bw. CXn \n¶pw `n¶-ambn asämcp Xe-¯nepw
{_mÒWyw e`n-¡n-Ã. Bßmhp Xs¶-bmWv k¨n-Zm-\µ
kzcq-]-sa¶pw AZzn-Xo-b-sa¶pw [cn¨v a\p-jy³ {_Ò-`m-
hs¯ I­-dn-tb-­-Xm-Wv.
h{P-kq-Nn-tIm-]\
- n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
3
R§Ä A\p-`-hn-¡tW. alm-IoÀ¯n-am-\mb C{µ\pw
kÀh-Ú - \mb ]qjmhpw R§Ä¡p \· sN¿tW. A{]-
Xn- tcm- [y- K- Xn- bmb Kcp-U³ R§Ä¡v \· ssIh-cp-¯- tW.
_rl-k] v Xn R§Ä¡v \· sN¿-tW. Hmw im´nx im´nx
im´nx
1. AY ssl\w ss]¸-emtZm {_Ò-W-ap-hm-Nt`m
`K-h³, {_Ò-hn-jvWp-cp-{ZmWmw at[y tImhm-[ n-
I- X tcm t[ybx kym¯- X z- t ah t\m{_q- l oXn
Xkvssa k tlmhmN ]nXm-a-lÝ tl ss]¸-emZ
irWp hmIy-ta-X-Xvþ
_lq\n ]pWym\n IrXm\n tb\ I
tXss\h e`yx ]c-ta-iztcm f ku I
 765

I bkymw-KtPm lw lcn-cn-{µ-apJymx I hoc-`-{Z-s\-¶p-apÅ t]cp-If

- m Adn-b-s¸-«p. K
tamlm¶ Pm\´n kptc-{µ-apJymx II 7. k GtIm cpt{Zm t[ybx I
As¶mcn¡Â ss]¸-emZ alÀjn {_Òm-hn-t\mSv kÀthjmw kÀh-kn-²tb I
tNmZn¨p: `K-hm-s\, {_Òm-h,v hnjvWp, cp{Z³ ChÀ aq¶p tbm {_ÒWx ]©-a-h-{à-l´m I
t]cn IqSp-X [ym\-tbm-Ky-\m-cmWv? C¡mcyw A§v
Xkvssa cp{Zmb \tamkvXp
R§Ä¡v ]dªp Xc-Ww. ]nXm-a-l-\mb {_Òmhv ]d-
ªp. ss]¸-em-Z, Rm³ ]d-bp-¶Xv tIÄ¡q. bmsXmcp ]c- B cp{Z³ Xs¶-bmWv kÀh kn²n-Zm-Xmhpw kw]q-
ta-iz-csâ AwK-¯n \n¶pw Rm³ kw`q-X-\mtbm B Py\pw {_Òm- h nsâ ]©- a pJw \in-¸ n¨ Bcp- {Z\v
]c-ta-iz-cs\ {]m]n-¡pI AXv alm ]pWy-im-en-bmb Hcp- \a- kI
v m-cw.
h\p am{Xta km[n-¡p-I-bp-Åq. hnjvWphpw C{µ\pw aäpw
8. tbm hnkv^p-enw-tK\ eem-S-tP\ I
taml-h-im Ah-s\ Adn-bp-¶n-Ã.
kÀhw PKXv `kva-kmXv kwI-tcmXn I
2. {]`pw htcWyw ]nXcw atl-izcw I
]p\Ý krãzm ]p\-c-]y-c-£-tZhw I
tbm {_ÒmWw hnZ-[mXn Xkvssa I
kzX{´w {]I-So-I-tcmXn
thZmwÝ kÀhm³ {]ln-tWmXn Nm{Kyw I
Xkvssa cp{Zmb \ax AkvXp
Xw ssh {]`pw ]nXcw tZh-Xm\mw II
Xsâ s\än-bnse Aán sIm­v kIe PK¯pw `kva-
kI-eÀ¡pw {]`phpw t{ijvT-\p-am-Wh - ³. ]nXmhpw
ambn ho­pw krãn-¨p. AXns\ kwc-£n-¡p¶ cp{Z\v \a-
]c- ta- iz- c- \p- am- Wv. Ah³ Xs¶ {_Òm- hns\ [mcWw sN¿p-
kvIm-cw.
¶p. thZ-§sf \nÀ®-bn-¡p-¶Xv Ah³ Xs¶. Ah³
Xs¶ {]`phpw tZh-]n-Xm-hpw. 9. tbm hma-]m-tZ\ PLm\ Imew
3. aam]n hnjvtWmÀP-\Iw I tLmcw ]t] f tYm lmem-lew Zl´w
tZh-aoUyw tbm f ´x Imte Xkvssa cp{Zmb \tamkvXp
kÀh-tem-Im³ kwP-lmc II Xsâ CSs¯ ]mZ-¯m Imes\ h[n-¨-h\pw Pzen-
Fsâbpw hnjvWp-hn-sâbpw P\-I-\m-W-h³. Ah³ ¡p¶ lmem- l ew ]m\w sNbv X - h - \ p- a mb cp{Z\v
Xs¶-bmWv temIm-h-km\ ka-b¯v kIe temc-I§ - - \a- kI
v m-cw.
sfbpw kwl-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. 10. tbmhm-a-]m-ZmÀ¨n-X-hn-j vW p-t\{X
4. k GIx t{ijvTÝ kÀh imkvXm k Gh kvXkvssa ZZu N{I-a-Xoh lrãx
hcn-jvTÝ tbm tLmcw thj-am-Ømbm ic-`mJyw Xkvssa cp{Zmb \tam AkvXp
atl-i zcx \rknwlw temI-l -´ mcw kwP-Lm\
alm-_ex BcpsS hma-]m-Z-¯n-emtWm hnjvWp Xsâ I®p- IÄ
FSp¯v AÀ¸n- ¨-Xv. BcmtWm k´p-ã-\mbn hojvWp-hn\p
Ah³ GI\pw t{ijvT\pw kI-eXpw `cn-¡p-¶-h\pw N{Im-bp[w sImSp-¯Xv B cp{Z-\m-bn-s¡m­v \a-kI
v m-cw.
hcn-jvT- \p- am- Ip- ¶p. B alm- _-e-hm³ Xs¶- bmWv ic-`¯n
sâ cq]w [cn¨v temI-l-´m-hmb \rknw-ls\ h[n-¨-Xv. 11. tbm Z£-btÚ kpc-kw-Lm³ hnPnXy
5. lcnw lcWw ]mZm-`ym-a-\p-bm´n kptc-izcmx hnjvWpw __-tÔm-c-K-]m-ti\ hocx
am h[o ]pcpjw hnjvWpw hn{I-akz alm-\kn Xkvssa cp{Zmb \ax AkvXp
6. Ir]bm `K-hm³ hnjvWpw hnZ-Zmc \ssJx Z£-b m-K -¯ n kI-e -tZ-h -· m-s cbpw tXmev]n¨v
Jsscx NÀ½mw- _ tcm alm- h otcm hoc- ` t{Zm hnjvWp-hn-s\-t¸mepw \mK-]m-i-¯m _Ôn-¸n¨ alm-ho-
_`qh l c-\mb cp{Z\v \a-kI
v m-cw.
hnjvWp-hns\ Imen ]nSn¨p cp{Z³ sIm­p-t]m-Ip- 12. tbm eoe-ssbh {Xn]pcw ZZm-l,
t¼mÄ tZh-·m-scÃmw At±-ls¯ A\p-K-an¨v cp{Z-t\mSv hnjvWpw Ihnw
{]mÀ°n- ¨p. {]t`m, Zb-h p-s NbvXv ]pcp-tjm-¯-a -\ mb
tkma-kq-cym-án-t\{Xw kÀth tZhmx ]ipXm
hnjvWp- hns\ h[n- ¡-cp- Xv. A§v alm-\m-W- tÃm. A§v Pbn-
¡-s«. At¸mÄ cp{Z³ Xsâ IqÀ¯ \J-§-fm hnjvWp- ahm]px kzbw XkvamXv ]ip-]-XnÀ _`qh
hns\ ]nfÀ¶p. At±lw NÀ½mw-_-c-\mb alm-cp-{Z-s\¶pw Xkvssa cp{Zmb \ax AkvXp

N P
 766

I Ifn-bn-se-t¶mWw \njv{]-bmkw {Xn]p-X-·msc Pbn- 18. AtWm-cW - o-bm³ altXm alo-bm³ I K

¨-h\pw kqcy³, N{µ³, Aán F¶o aq¶p t\{X-§-tfmSp Bßky Pt´mÀ \nlnXw Kplmbmw I
IqSn-b-h\pw kÀh-tZ- h-·mÀ¡pw A[o-i\pw A§s\ ]ip-
Xa-{IXpx ]iyXn hoX-timtIm I
]Xn F¶ t]cn-\m {]kn-²-\p-amb cp{Z\v \a-kI v m-cw.
[mXpx {]km-Z³·-ln-am-\-aoiw
13. tbm aÕy-IqÀ½m-Zn-h-cm-l-knw-lm³ I
Cu Bßmhv AWp-hn-s\-¡mÄ AWphpw hep-Xn-t\-
hnjvWpw {Ia´w hma-\m-Zn-hnjvWpw I
¡mÄ hep-Xp-am-Ip-¶p. kÀh-Po-hn-I-fp-sSbpw A´À`m-K¯v
hnhn-¢_w ]oUy-am\w kptciw I lrZ-b-Kp-l-bn \nh-kn-¡p-¶p. alm-\mb B Cuiz-cs\
`kvao-N-Imc a·Yw baw N Xkvssa timI- c - l n-X -\ mb hyàn `K-h Xv {]kmZw sIm­v
cp{Zm-b-\tam f kvXp ImWp- ¶p.
hnjvWp-hnsâ Ah-Xm-c-§-fmb aÕy IqÀ½hcml 19. hknjvT sshbm-kn-I-hm-a-tZh I
\c-knw-lm-Zn-I-sf-t¸m-epw {Iao-I-cn-¨-h\pw Ima-tZ-h-s\bpw hncn-©n-apssJyÀlrZn `mhy-am\x I
ba-s\bpw `kvao-I-cn-¨-h-\p-amb cp{Z\v \a-kI v m-cw.
k\ÕpPm-XmZn k\m-X-\ mssZyþ
14. Ghw-{]-Im-tcW _lp[m {]Xpãzm I
cotUym atltim `K-hm-\m-Zn-tZhx
£am-]-bm-am-kpÀ\o-e-IWvTw atl-izcw I
hkn- jvT³ ipI³ hma- tZ-h³ XpS-§nb alÀjn-amcpw
Xm]-{X-b-k-apZv `qX P· arXyp Pcm-Zn`nx I
{_Òm- Zn- I- fmb kIe- tZ-h-·mcpw Bsc kZm [ym\n-¡p-t¶m,
\m\m-hn-[m\n ZpxJm\n Plmc ]c-ta-izcx k\-Õp-Pm-X ³ k\m-X -\ ³ XpS-§ n-b -h -c psS \nc-´ c
tZh-·mÀ C§s\ ]e hn[w kvXpXn¨v At]-£n-¨- kvXpXn¡v Bcv ]m{X-amtWm A§-s\-bpÅ `K-hm³ atl-
t¸mÄ At±lw Xm]- {X- b- §-sf-bpw P·-ar-Xyp- P-cm- Zn- I-sfbpw iz-c³ BZn tZh-\m-Wv.
\in-¸n-¨p. 20. ktXym \nXyx kÀh km£o atltim I
15. Ghw ass{´ {]mÀ°y-am\x I \nXym-\tµm \nÀhn-Ievt]m \ncmJyx I
Bßm ssh kÀh-tZ-ln\mw I ANn´y iànÀ `K-hm³ Kncoix I
i¦tcm `K-hm-\mtZym I kzmhn-Zybm Iev]n-X-am\ `qanx I
cc£ kIemx {]Pmx II atl-i z-c ³ kXy-k z-c q-]\pw \nXy\pw kÀh-km-
C§s\ ]e a{´- §-fm {]mÀ°n-¨- t¸mÄ BZn-`- K-hm- £nbpw \nXym-\µ kzcq-]nbpw \nÀhn-I-ev]\pw A\nÀh-
\mb i¦-c³ Bß-cq-]-¯n FÃm {]P-I-sfbpw c£n¨p. N-\ o-b -\ p-a m-W v. At±-l -¯ nsâ iàn-¡ - h -k m-\ -a n-à .
AÚm\w sIm­mWv \mw At±-l-¯nsâ Øm\m-Zn- Isf
16. bZv ]mZmw-t`m-cp-l-Zzµzw I
k¦-ev]n-¡p-¶- Xv.
arKytX hnjvWp\m kl I
21. AXn-tam-l-Ico ambm I
kvXpXym, kvXpXyw atl-im\
aa hnjvtWmÝ kp{hX I
ahmMv am\k tKmNcw I
Xky ]mZmw-_pP [y\m
17. `àym \{a-X-t\mÀ hnjvtWmx I
±pkvXcm kpXcm `thXv II
{]kmZ aI-tcm-Zzn`px I
kp{h-X, At±-l¯ - nsâ amb Fs¶bpw hnjvWp-hn-
btXm hmNm \nhÀ¯t´ I
s\bpw tamln-¸n-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. AXns\ XcWw sN¿pI
A{]m]y a\km kl I
km[y-asÃ-¦nepw At±-l-¯nsâ ]mZ-§Ä [ym\n-¨mÂ
B\µw {_ÒtWm hnZzm³ I AXns\ kpK-a-ambn XcWw sN¿m³ Ign-bp-¶-Xm-Wv.
\ _nt`Xn IZm-N\
22. hnjvWpÀ hniz-P-K-tZym\nx I
hmWn¡pw a\-Ên\pw AtKm-N-c\pw kÀhYm kÀh- kzmwi-`qssXx kzssIx kl I
hn-[-¯n-epÅ kvXpXn-IÄ¡pw AÀl\pw hnjvWp-hn\p
- w-`thm `qXzm I
aamw-ik
t]mepw ]mZ Iae {]m]vXn¡v B{Klw tNÀ¡p-¶-h\pw
Bb `K-hm³ atl-iz-c³ `àn- tbmsS \a-kvI-cn¨ hnjvWp- ]me-b-Xy-Jnew PKXv II
hn {]k-¶-\mbn GsXm-¶ns\ {]m]n-¡msX hm¡v a\- kakvX {]mWn-I-tfbpw krãn-¡p¶ hnjvWp kzmi-
tÊmSp IqSn aS-§p-¶pthm B {_Ò-s¯-¸än Adn-ª-hÀ am-Ip¶ Pohn-It- fm-sSm¸w Fsâ Awi-¯n \n¶p Xs¶-
Hcn-¡epw `b-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. bmWv DÛ-hn-¡p-¶Xpw hniz-]c - n-]m-e\w sN¿p-¶-Xpw.
N P
 767

I 23. hn\miw ImetXm bmXn I 28. ambm-h-im-tZ-h-tZhm I K

XtXm-\yXv kIew arjm I tamlnXm aa-Xm-Zn`nx I
Hmw Xkvssa alm-{Km-kmb I Xky alm-ßy-te-imwiw I
alm-tZ-hmb iqent\ I hàpw tI\m]y iIytX II
at\m-l-cmb arUmb I BcpsS ambm {]`m-h-¯m-emtWm tZh-·mÀ t]mepw
Xkvssa cp{Zmb \tam f kvXp aaXm tamln-X-cm-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv A§-s\-bpÅ B tZhsâ
aln-a-bpsS Hcwiw t]mepw ]d-hm³ BÀ¡pw iIy-a-Ã.
kÀÆhpw Ime-{I-taW \in-¡p- ¶p. Cu {]]©w anYy-
bm-Wv. AXn-\m kI-eXpw {Kkn-¡p-¶-h\pw iqe-[m- 29. ]cmXv ]c-Xcw {_Ò I
cnbpw alm-tZ-h\pw atl-{i\pw Ir]m-hm-cn-[n-bp-amb cp{Z\v bXv ]cmXv ]ctXm lcnx I
\a- kI
v m-cw.
]cmXv ]c-Xtcm loix I
24. GtIm-hn-jvWpÀa-l-Zv`pXw I XkvamXv Xpteym-[ntIm \ln
]rYIv `qXm-\y-t\-Iix I
]cm-Xv]-c- am-bn«p-ÅXv {_Òhpw AXn\p ]c- am-bn-«p- ÅXv
{Xo³ temIm³ hym]y `qXmßm I hnjvWphpw AXnepw ]c-am-bXv Cuiz-c-\p-amWv At±-l-
`p¦vtX hniz-Zr-K-hybx II t¯-¡mÄ hen-b-ht\m kat\m Bbn Bcp-an-Ã.
FÃm krãn-bnepw hnjvWp FÃm-änÂ\n¶pw `n¶-\m- 30. GI Gh inthm \nXyx I
Wv. At±lw kÀh-`q-X-§-fp-sSbpw DÅn Xs¶ hym]n- XtXm f \yXv kIew arjm I
¨n-cp¶p sIm­v kIe t`mK-§ fpw A\p-`h - n-¡p-¶p.
XkvamXv kÀhm³ ]cn-XyPy I
F¦nepw Ahy-b-\m-Ip-¶p.
t[ybmXv hnjvWzm-Zn-Im³ kpcm³
25. NXpÀ`nÝ NXpÀ`nÝ I
31. inh Gh kZm t²ybx I
Zzm`ymw ]©-`n-tch Nx I
kÀh-kw-kmc tamNIx I
lpbtX N ]p\ÀZzm`ymw I
Xkvssa alm {Kkmb atl-iz-cmb \ax
k ta hnjvWpx {]ko-ZXp
\nXy- \m-bn- «p-ÅXv Htc Hcp inh³ Xs¶. aäp- Å- sXÃmw
GsXmcp hnjvWp `K- hm- \mtWm \mepw F«pw A©pw
anYy-bm-Wv. AXp-sIm-­m-Wv. hnjvWp XpS-§nb kakvX
Blp-Xn-IÄ sImS-¡p¶Xv B hnjvWp F¶n {]k-¶-
tZh-·m-scbpw XyPn¨v kwkmc tamN-I\ - mb At±-ls¯
\m-bn-cn- ¡-s«.
[ym\n- t ¡ - ­ Xv . kÀh- k w- l m- c - I - \ mb atl- i z- c \v
26. {_ÒmÀ¸Ww {_Ò-lhnx I \a- kIv m-cw.
{_Òmáu {_ÒWm lpXw I
32. ss]¸-emZw alm-imkv{Xw I
{_ssÒh ic`x km£mXv tam£tZm f bw
\ tZbw bky Iky-NnXv I
alm-apt\
\mkvXn-Imb IrX-Lv\mb I
AÀ¸n- ¡p¶ lhnÊv {_Òw Xs¶. AXv {_Ò-am- Ip¶
ZpÀhr-¯mb Zpcm-ßt\ II
IÀ¯mhp aptJ\ {_Ò-am-Ip¶ Aán-bm tlman-¡-s¸-
Sp-¶p. CXpw {_Òw Xs¶ AXp-sIm­v kam-[n-Ø-\mb 33. Zmw`n-Imb \riw-kmb I
tbmKn¡v {_Òs¯ Xs¶-bmWv {]m]n-¡m-\p-Å- Xv. iTm-bm-\rX `mjnsW I
27. icm Pohm-kvX-Zw-tijp I kp{h-X mb kp`-à mb
`mXn \nXyw lcnx kzbw I kphr-¯mb kpio-ent\ II
{_tÒh ic`m km£mXv I 34. Kpcp-`-àmb Zm´mb I
tam£tZm f bw alm-apt\ im´mb EPp tNXtk I
Poh³ Xs¶ icw. AXn `K-hm³ lcn \nXyhpw inh-`-àmb ZmXhyw I
{]Im-i-am-\-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. {_Òw Xs¶- bmWv ic-`w. AXv {_Ò IÀt½mà [oatX II
km£m tam£w {]Zm\w sN¿p-¶-Xm-W.v

N P
 768
I 35. kz`-àm-ssbh ZmXhy
aIr-X-Lv\mb kp{hX I
\ ZmXhyw kZm tKm]yw I
bXvt\-ss\h ZzntPm-¯a I
ss]¸-em-Za
- -lÀjn¡v e`n¨ Cu atlm imkv{Xw
BÀ¡pw sImSp-¡-cp-Xv. \mkvXn-I³, IrX-Lv\³, ZpÀhr-
¯³ Zpcm-ßmhv Zmw`n-I³, \riw-k³, iT³ Ak-Xy-hmZn
F¶n-hÀ¡v Hcn-¡ epw sImSp-¡ -c psX {hX-[ m-c nbpw
bYmÀ° `à\pw ip²-{h-X\pw kpio-e\pw Kpcp-`-à\pw
ia-Z-a-hm\pw [mÀ½n-I\pw inh-`-à\pw {_Ò-IÀ½ \nc-
X\pw `à\pw IrX-Lv\-\-Ãm-¯-h\pw Bb hyàn¡v Cu
imkv{Xw \ÂI-Ww. Cu KpW-§-fpÅ Bscbpw In«n-bn-
sÃ-¦n BÀ¡pw sImSp-¡msX kq£n-¡p-¶-XmWpNnXw.
36. GXXv ss]¸-emZw alm-imkv{Xw tbm f [ntX
{imh-tbXv ZznPx k P·-a-c-tW-t`ym-aptàm `hXn
tbm Pm\otXm tkm f arXXzw N KÑXn KÀ`-
hm-km-Zzn-aptàm `h-Xn. kzÀ®kvtX bmXv ]ptXm-
`-h-Xn. {_Ò lXymXv ]qtXm `h-Xn. Kpcp-Xe
- v]-K-a-
\mXv ]qtXm `h-Xn. k kÀhm³ thZm³ A[n-tXm-
1 imSym-b-\o-tbm-]-\n-j¯v
im´n-]mTw
Hmw. ]q˨-aZx ]q˨ anZw. ]q˨mXv ]q˨-
ap-Z-Ny-tX. ]q˨ky ]q˨-am-Zmb ]q˨-tahm
hin-j ytX
Cu ]c-{_Òw ]qÀ®-am-Wv. Cu {]]-©hpw ]qÀ®-
am-Wv. ]qÀ® {_Ò-¯n \n¶v ]qÀ® {]]-©-ap-­m-Ip-
¶p. ]qÀ®-¯n \n¶v ]qÀ®s¯ FSp-¡p-¯ mepw
]qÀ®w Xs¶ Ah- ti- jn-¡p- ¶p. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
1. lcn Hmw
a\ Gh a\p-jymWw
ImcWw _Ô-tam-£tbmx
_Ômb hnj-bm-kàw
apssày \nÀhn-jbw kvarXw
N P
`-h-Xn. k kÀhm³ tZhm³ [ymtXm `h-Xn. kk- K
akvX ]mX-tIm-]-]m-X-ImXv ]qtXm `h-Xn. Xkvam-Z-
hn-ap-à-am-{intXm `h-Xn. k kXXw inh-{]ntbm
`h- X n. k inh- k m- b qPy taXn \ k ]p\- c m-
hÀ¯tX \ k ]p\ cmhÀ¯tX {_Òh `h-Xn.
CXyml `K-hm³ {_tÒ-Xyp-]-\n-j-Xv.
ss]¸-em-Zs\ kw_-Ôn-¡p¶ Cu alm-imkv{Xw
kzbw ]Tn-¡p-¶-h\pw aäp-Å-hsc tIĸn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-
¶-h³ P\-\-a-c-W-¯n \n¶v tamN\w t\Sp-¶p. CX-dn-bp-
¶-h³ AarXzw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. Ah\v ]p\ÀP-·-an-Ã. aZy-
]m-\nbpw kphÀW-tNm-c\pw {_Ò-lXy Kpcp-X-ev]-Ka - ³
XpS-§nb alm-]m-]-§-fn \n¶p t]mepw tamN\w e`n-¡p-
¶p. kÀh-th-Z-§fpw A`y-kn¨ ^ew In«p-¶p. kÀh-tZ-h-
·m-scbpw [ym\n-¨m-epÅ ]pWyw In«p-¶p. kI-e-]m-X-I-§-
fn \n¶pw D]-]m-X-I-§-fn \n¶pw apà-\m-Ip-¶p.
C§s\ apà-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶v inh-{]n- b-\mbn inh- km-bqPyw
t\Sp- ¶p. Ah\v ]p\- cm-K-a-\-an- Ã. Ah³ {_Òw Xs¶ Bbn-
¯o- cp-¶p. {_Òmhv C§s\ D]-tZ- in-¨p. ChnsS D]-\n- j¯v
Ah-km- \n-¡p-¶p.
ic-t`m-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.-þ
3
2. kam-kàw kZm Nn¯w
Pt´mÀhn-jb tKmNtc
btZyhw {_ÒWn ky¯Xv
tIm \ aptNyX _Ô-\mXv
3. Nn¯-tah ln kwkmc
kvXXv {]bXvt\ tim[-tbXv
b¨n-¯-kvX-·tbm `mXn
Kply-ta-XXv k\m-X\w
4. \m thZ-hn-·-\ptX Xw _rl´w
\m{_-Ò-hnXv ]caw ss{]Xn [ma
hnjvWp {Im´w hmkp-tZhw hnPm-\³
hnt{]m hn{]Xzw KÑtX X¯z ZÀio.
 769

I a\p-jy-cpsS _Ô-\-¯n\pw tam£-¯n\pw ImcWw 10. {Xn ZÞw sshjvWhw enwKw K

a\-Êp-X -s¶-b m-W v. hnj-bm-k -à -amb a\Êv _Ô-\ - hn{]mWw aàn km[\w
¯n\pw hnj-bh - n-ap-J-amb a\Êv tam£-¯n\pw Imc-W-
\nÀhmWw kÀh-[mÀ½mWm
am-I p-¶ p. hnjbmkà a\Êp {_Òm-k -à -a m-b mÂ
BcmWv kwkm-c-¯nse P·-arXyp Pcm-Zn-I-fn \n¶v anXn thZ-\p-im-k\w
tamN\w t\Sm-Xn-c n-¡pI? FÃmhcpw A`ym-k-¯m {XnZ-Þw, D]-ho-Xw, Iu]o-\w, inIyw, ]hn{Xw Ch
Nn¯w {_Ò- ¯n ebn-¸n- ¨m a\pjy³ {_Ò-a- b-\m-Ipw. Pohn-X- Imew apgp-h\pw [cn-¡-Ww. Ch A©pw k\ym-kn-
Cu XXzw cl-kyhpw k\m-X-\-hp-am-W.v I-fpsS {_Ò-am-{X-I-fm-W.v Hcn-¡epw Ch ssIsh-Sn-b-cp-Xv.
thZ-XXzw {Kln-¡m-¯-h\v AXv al-¯m-bn-cn-¡p-I-bn- tZl-Xym-K-t¯m-sSm¸w Ah ico-c- t¯m- sSm¸w Ipgn-¨n-S-Ww.
Ã. Ah³ AXns\ AwKo-I-cn- ¡n-Ã. {_Ò-Úm\ lo\³ Cu hn]v^p-enwKw hyàm-hyà kzcq-]-¯n c­p hn[-
]c-ahpw kzbw {]Im-i-hp-amb [mas¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶n-Ã. ap-­v. GsX-¦nepw H¶p-t]-£n-¨mepw k\ymkn ]XnX-
XXz-ZÀinbpw hnth-Zn-bp-amb {_Ò-Úm\n hym]-I\pw \mIpw sshjvWhenw-K-sa¶p ]dd-bp¶ {XnZÞw {_mÒ-
kÀh-Ú\pw kÀhm-´- Zym-an-bp-amb hmkp-tZ-hs\ kzkz- WÀ¡v apàn km[-\-am-W.v CXv thZm-\p- im-k-\hpw \nÀhm-
cq-]-¯n Adnªv Poh-·pàn t\Sp-¶p. W-kz- cq-]-hp-am-Wv.

5. AYml bXv]cw {_Ò k\m-X\w 11. AY Jep tkmay IpSo- N tIm _lp- Z tIm
lwkx ]c-a-l wkx CtXytX ]cn-{hm-PIm ÝXp
tb t{i{Xnbm AIm-a-lXmx A[obpx
hn[m `h´nx kÀh GtX hnjvWp enwKn\x inJn-
imt´m Zm´x D]-c-X-kvXn-XnÀjpÀ t\m-]-ho-Xn\x ip²-Nn¯m Bßm-\-am-´\m {_Ò
tbm\q-Nmt\m ly`nP Úu kam\x `mh-b ´x ip² Nn{Zq-t]m-] m-k \m cXmx P]-b -a-
ht´m \nb-a-h´x kpio-en\x ]pWy tÇmImx `h-
6. Xytà-j-t Wm-ly-\r-WkvXw hnZnXzm
´n. XtZX ZpNm-hypàm IpSo-NtIm _lp-Z-IÝ- m]n
au\n \nh-tk-Zm-{ita b{X-Ip{X lwk ]c-a-lwk CXn hrXym N `n¶mx kÀh GtX
bYm-{iaw Nmacw kw{]-hniy hnjvWp enwKw Z[m\m hyXym-hyàw _ln-c-´Ý
btYm-]-]¯ow ]©-am{Xmw Z[m\x \nXyw
]ns¶ Ima-hn- ap-àcpw k\-Im-Zn-I-sf- t¸mse ]c-{_Ò 12. ]©-bÚm thZ incx {]hnãmx
kzcq-]-Úm-\n-I-fp-amb thZ-Ú-·mcpw {_Ò-kz-cq-]-am-bn- {Inbm-]-t´m]o kwKXm {_Ò hnZymw
¯s¶ `hn-¡p-¶p. A§-s\-bpÅ im´cpw Zm´cpw PntX- Xyàzm hr£-aqew {inXmk
{µn-bcpw hnjb kwXr-]X v cpw ]cm-Mvap-Jcpw ]c-{_-Òs¯
k\y-kvX] - pjzm ck-ta-hmiv\p hm\x
Adn-bp-¶p. AhÀ aq¶p hn[-¯n-epÅ EW-§-fn \n¶pw
apà-cmbn {_Òs¯ Adnªv au\-bp-à-cmbn B{i-a-§- hnjvWp {IoUm hnjvWp cXtbm hnapàm
fn hkn-¡p-¶p. AhÀ A´n-a-amb k\ym-km-{i-a-¯n hnjvWzm-ßI hnjvWp-ta-hm]n b´n
{]th-in¨v D]-]-¯n-b\p {Xn ZÞmZn ]©-am-{X- IÄ [cn¨v
kuaym, IpSo-N-I³ _lp-Z-I³ lwk³ ]c-a-lw-k³
tam£w {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
C§s\ k\ym-kn-amÀ \mep-hn-[-¯n-ep-­v. Ah-scÃmw
7. {XnZ-Þ-ap-]-hoXw N hnjvWp enwK-[m-cn-Ifpw inJbpw btÚm-]-ho-Xhpw [cn-
hmkx Iu]o\ thã\w ¡p-¶-hcpw hnip² am\kpw {_Ò-`m-h-\-tbmsS Nn{Zq-t]m-
kzm-kI - cpw cq]w bmaw F¶nh A\p-jvTn-¡p-¶-hcpw
inIyw ]hn-{X-an-tXy-XZv
\nba ioe-·mcpw D¯a kz`m-hn-Ifpw hnime IoÀ¯n- am-
ZznZr-bm-Zymh Zmbpj ·m-cp-am-Wv. CXns\ kw_-Ôn¨ E¡p-I-fp-­v. IpSo-N-I³
8. ]t©-XmkvXp btXÀ am{Xm _lp-Z- I³ lwk³ ]c-a-lw-k³ F¶n-hÀ Ah-cpsS `n¶-
kvXm am{Xm {_ÒtW {ipXm hr-¯n- I-fm \mep hn[-am-Wv. FÃm-hcpw hyàm-hy-àhpw
_mlym-`y-´c cq]-hp-amb hnjvWp enwKw [cn-¡p-¶p. Ch-
\ XytP-Zym-hqXv {Im´n
scÃmw ]©-bm- Ún- I-·mcpw (P-]w, tlmaw, X]-Êv, kzm[ym-
ct´y]n \nJ-t\Xv kl bw, Úm\w) D]-\n-jXv Úm\n-Ifpw kz[À½m-\p-Iqe
9. hnjvWp enwKw Zzn[m t{]màw hr¯n-Ifpw {_Ò-hn-Zysb Bi3-bn-¡p-¶-h-cp-am-Ip-¶ p.
hyàa hyà tah N ChÀ kwkm-c-hr£w Dt]-£n¨v AXnsâ aqe-`m-K-amb
{_Òs¯ B{i- bn-¡p-¶p. IÀ½-ImÞw hn«v kmc- `q-X-amb
Xtbm tcI aln Xyàzm
XXzw t\Sp-¶-hcpw BWv. ChÀ _mly-{IoUn shSnªp.
]X-tXyh \ kwibx
N P
 770

I hnjvWp-hn-t\m-Sp-IqSn {IoUn-¡p-¶p. Poh-·p-à-cmb ChÀ 19. AY Jep tkmssaytX ]cn- { hm- P I bYm K
hnjvWp Xs¶. Ah-cpsS Bßmhv hnjvWp-[ym-\-\n-c-X-ambn {]mZpÀ `h-´n XYm `h-´n... Ima-t{Im[ tem`-tam-
IrX- Ir-Xy-ambn hÀ¯n- ¡p-¶p. l-`w-`-ZÀ¸-kq-bm-a-a-Xzm-lw-Im-cm-ZnwkvXn Xocy-am-\m-
13. {XnkÔyw iànXx kv\m\w h-am\u \nµm kpXpXo N hÀP-bnXzm hr£ Ch
XnjvTm-tk-Xv. OnZy-amt\m \ {_qbmXv XssZhw
XÀ¸Ww amÀP\w XYm
hnZzmwkx Cssl-h m-a rXm `h-´ n. XtZ Xar- N m-
D]-Øm\w ]©-b-Úm³
]ypàw _Ôp-an-{X-a-\p-tam-Z-bnXzm \th-£p-amtWm
Ipcym-Zm-a- c-W m-´ nIw Zzµz-klx {]im-´Xx {]mNo-ap-ZnNow hm \nÀhÀ¯-
14. Zi`nx {]Wsshx k]vX bwÝ tcXv.
hymlr-Xn`nx iN-Xp-¸Zm kuam Cu k\ym-kn-amÀ Imaw, t{Im[w tem`w,
Kmb-{Xo-P -] -b-Ú Ý tamlw, `w`w, ZÀ¸w, Akq-b, aa-X, Al-¦mcw F¶n-hsb
{XnkÔyw inckm kl XcWw sNbvXv am\w, Ah-am\w \nµ {]iwk F¶nh
ssIhn«v hr£- s¯-t¸mse \ne-sIm-Åp-¶p. C§-s\-bpÅ
15. tbmK-bÚx kssZ-Im{Ky
Úm\n-IÄ Cu temI-¯n Xs¶ Poh-·p-à-cmb hntZ-
`àym tkhm ltcÀKptcmx l-·m-sc¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. kpJZpxJmZn-IÄ kln¨v im´-
Alnwtkm Xp Xt]m-btÚm cmbn Ing¡pw hS¡pw Zn¡p-I-fn kzmßm-\p-cq-]s¯
hmMva\x Imb-IÀ½`nx A\p-im-k\w sNbvXv \nte-]-·m-cmbn AhÀ ]cy-S\w
sN¿p-¶ p.
aq¶p kÔy- I-fnepw kv\m\w XÀ¸Ww amÀÖ\w D]-
Øm-\w ]©-bÚw F¶nh XoÀ¨-bmbpw sN¿-Ww. 20. ]m{Xo ZÞo bpK-am-{Xm-]t- emIo
]¯v Hmw Imcw Ggp hymlr-Xn-IÄ klnXw NXpjv] Zm inJo apÞo tNm]-hoXo IpSpw_o
Kmb{Xn P]-bÚw sN¿-Ww. Ft¸mgpw GIm{K a\-Êmbn
bm{Xm-am{Xw {]Xn-Kr-lvW³ a\p-jymXv
`àn-tbmsS tbmK-Ú-\mb `K-hm-s\bpw Kpcp-hn-s\bpw
tkhn-¡-Ww. a\km hmNm IÀ½Wm Alnw-k-bm-Ip¶ Abm-NnXw bmNnXw hmY ss`£yw
Xt]m-bÚw sN¿-Ww. ]m{X- hpw ZÞhpw [cn¨v Hcp \pI- ¸mSv AIse am{Xw
16. \mt\m ]\nj Z`ymkx t\m¡n PSm-[m-cn-Ifpw apÞn-Xcpw D]-ho-Xn-Ifpw icocw
kzm[ymbw bÚ CucnXx am{Xw IpSpw-_-am-¡n-bn«v DÅ-h-cp-ambn AhÀ k©-cn-
¡p¶ {]mW³ \ne-\n¡m³ th­Xp am{Xw a\p-jy- cnÂ
Hman-Xym-ßm\ a]ymt{Km
\n¶v `n£-bmbn hm§mw.
{_Ò-Wyku ÖqtlmXn bXv
21. ar±mÀh-em-_q-^-e-]À® ]m{Xw
17. Úm\-bÚx khn-tÚbx
£oWw £uaw XrWw IÙm-Pn-t\N
kÀh-b -tÚm- ¯ -tam-¯ax
]qÀ®-am-Ñm-Z\w kymZ-lXw hm hnapàx
Úm\ ZÞmx Úm\ inJm
Úm\ btÚm ]ho-\nXx 22. EXp-kÔu apÞ-tb-·-Þ-am{Xw

18. inJm Úm\-abn bky D]-hoXw N X·bw \mt[m \m£w PmXp inJmw \ hm]-tbXv
{_ÒWyw kIew Xky NXptcm amkm\ {[ph ioeXx
CXn thZm\p imk\w kymXv k bmhXv kp]vtXm
A´-cmßm ]pcptjm hniz-cq]x
kzm[ymbw F¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv FÃm D]-\n-j-¯p-¡-fp-
sSbpw A`ym- k- am-Wv. Hmw F¶p-¨-cn- ¨p- sIm­v {_Òm- ánsb 23. AXym-\-Ymãu ]p\-cp-°ntX f kv an³
Bßm-lpXn sN¿p-¶p. AXv D¯-tam-¯-a-amb Úm\-b- kz IÀ½-en-]vkpÀ hnl-tcZzm htkZzm
Ú-am-W.v Ch-bpsS Úm\-amWv ZÞw. Úm\w Xs¶
tZhm-áy-Kmtc Xpcp-aqte Kplmbmw
inJ; Úm\w sX¶ btÚm-]-hoXw; Úm\-ab knJm-
bp-à\pw Úm\-a-b-bt- Úm-]-Po-hn-bp-amb hyàn-bpsS htk-Zkw tKm f e£nX ioe-hr¯x
kÀh hkvXp-¡fpw {_Ò-kz-cq-]-sa¶v thZw A\p-im-kn- 24. A\n-Ôt\m tPymXn-cnthm ] imt´m
¡p-¶p.
\ tNmZzn-tP-Zp·n tPZy-{X-Ip{X

N P

I 25. Bßm\w tNZzn-Pm-\obm
Zb-a-kvaoXn ]qcpjx
Iman-ѳ IkyIm amb ico-c-a\p kwPz-tcXv
26. Xtah [otcm hnÚmb
{]Úmw IpÀhoX {_mÒWx
\m\p-[ym-bmZv _lp³ i_vZm³
hmtNm hn¥m-]\w ln XXv
a¬]m{Xw, ac-¸m- {Xw, Npc-bv¡, Iph-f-¯n³ Imbv Ch-
bn-semt¶m Ce- Xp- ¶n-bp-­m-¡nb ]m{Xtam GXp In«pt¶m
AXv ssIs¡m-Åmw. InSvII - m³ ac-hp-cn-bm-I-Ww. ]Ãp-
sIm­v XoÀ¯ IÙ, Ce-sIm-­pÅ ]pX¸v Ch BImw.
IpSn- NI
- ³ Xe apÞ\w sNt¿-­. EXp-k-Ôn-I -fnÂ
lwk-·mÀ¡v £ucw sN¿n-¡mw. NmXpÀam-k-Im-e¯v Htc
Øm-\¯v Ign-bW - w. `K-hm³ hnjvWp \n{Z-CÂ \n¶v
DWÀ¶-Xn-\p-tijw ho­pw IÀ½-§-f-\p-jT v n¨v Ahn-sS-
¯s¶ hkn- ¡p- Itbm aäp Øm\- §Ä tXSp- Itbm sN¿mw.
tZhm-e-b-¯ntem hr£- aq-e-I-fntem Kpl-bntem hkn-¡p-
¶Xv D¯-aw. AhnsS \nÊw-K-\mbn P\-kw-kÀ¤ cln-X-
\mbn hnd-In-Ãm¯ Aán-t]mse {]im-´- \mbn BtcmSpw
t£m`-an-ÃmsX Ign-b-Ww. Xsâ Bßmhv {_Ò- cq]w Xs¶-
bm-sW-¶-dnªp Ign-ªm F´p-Im-Wn-¨mWv ico-c-t]m-
j-Ww. [oc-\mb {_Ò-Úm\n {_Òs¯ Xncn-¨d- nªv
AXn Xs¶ _p²nsb GIm-{K-am-¡-Ww. i_vZm-Uw-_-c-
¯n apgp-I-cp-X.v Fs´- ¶m AsXÃmw shdpw hmNm-tSm-
]-am- W.v
27. _mteym-ss\h ln XnjvWtk
¶nÀhnZy {_Ò-th-Z\w
{_Ò-hnZym N _mevbw N
\nÀhnZy ap\n-cm-ß-hm³
28. bZm kÀth {]ap-Nyt´
Imamx tbky lrZn-{XnXmw
AY aÀt¯ym f artXm `h
Xy{X {_Ò ka-iv\ptX
sshcm-Ky-¯n Dd-¨n-cn-¡m³ B{K-ln-¡-Ww. {_Ò-
a-ÃmsX asäm-¶p-an-söp a\-Ên-em-¡n, {_Òs¯ Xncn-¨-
dnªv sshcm- Ky-t¯msS Bßm-cm- h-\m- h-Ww. lrZ- b-¯nse
hmk-\-I-sfÃmw ian-¡p-t¼mÄ acW [À½-t¯mSp IqSn-b-
h-\m-sW-¦nepw a\p-jy³ arXyp-lo-\-\mbn {_Òm-\µw
A\p-`- hn-¡ p-¶p.
29. AY Jep tkmtayZw ]cn-{hPyw ss\jvTnI
amß-[À½w tbm hnP-lmXn k hoclm `h-Xn. k
{_Òlm `h-Xn. k {`qWlm `h-Xn. k alm-]m-
XIo `h-Xn. b Camw hnjvWphow \njvTmw ]cn-Xy-
PXn kkvtXt\m `h-Xn. k Kpcp-Xe - v]tIm `h-Xn.
k an{X- { [pKv `h- X n. k IrXv L v t \m `h- X n.
N P
771
kÀhkvam temImXv {]NyptXm `hXn XtZ-X-Zr-Nm- K
`ypàw
kuaym, kzIo-b-amb k\ym-k-[À½w Dt]-£n-¡p¶
Cu ss\jvTn-I³ hoc-l-´mhpw {_Ò-l-´mhpw {`qW-l-
´mhpw amlm-]m-X-In¡v Xpey-\p-am-Ip-¶p. Cu sshjvW-
hn-\njvT ssIsh-Sn-bp-\z³ IÅ\pw Kpcp Xev]-Km-anbpw
an{X- t{Zm-lnbpw IrX-Lv\\pw BIp-¶p. Ah³ FÃm temI-
¯n \n¶pw {`ã-\mbn At[m- KXn {]m]n- ¡p-¶p. AXns\
kw_-Ôn-¡p¶ E¡p-IÄ
30. kvtX\x kpcmt]m Kpcp-Xe
- v]-Kmao
an{X-{[q-tKtX \njvIr-tXÀ bm´n ip²ow
hyà-a-hyàw hm hn[rXw hnjvWp-enwKw
IrX-P¶ ipt²ym ZJn-sse-cm-ß-`mkm
31. Xyàzm hnjvtWmÀenw-K-a-´À_-lnÀhm
bx kzm{iaw tkhtX \m{iaw hm {]Xym-]¯nw
`PtXm f ]mXn aqtVm
ss\jmw KXn; Iev]-tIm-Sym]n Zrãx
32. Xyàzm kÀhm-{i-am³ [otcm
htk-t·m-£m-{ita Nncw
tam£m-{i-amXv ]cn-{`tãm
\ KXn kvXky hnZytX
{]mb-Ýn¯w sNbvXm IÅ-·mÀ aZy-]m-\n-IÄ Kpcp-
X- ev]-Km- an- IÄ an{X- t{Zm- ln- IÄ ChÀ¡v ]m]- ap-à-cm-Im³ Ign-
bpw. F¶m k\ymkn {Xn]p-{km-Zn-IÄ Dt]-£n-¨m Hcp
hn[-¯nepw ]cn-ip-²-\m-hp-I-bn-Ã. B`y-´- chpw _mly-hp-
amb hnjvWp enwKw ssIsh-Snªv kz´w B{i-a-¯nÂ
ØnXn- sN- ¿p-Itbm B{iaw ]cn- Xy- Pn- ¡p-Itbm sN¿p- ¶-h³
B]-¯n s]Spw. AhÀ¡v A\´ Imew hscbpw kXvK-
Xn-bp- ­m-hn-Ã. [oc³ kÀhm-{i-a-§-fp-ap-t]- £n¨v tam£m-{i-
a- ¯n hkn- ¡-Ww. tam-£m{ia¯n \n¶v {`ã- \m-bn-t¸m-
bm ]ns¶- b-h\v Hcp taÂK- Xnbpw D­m-Ip-¶n-Ã.
33. ]mcn-{hmPyw irlnXzm Xp
bx kz[Àt½ \ XnjvTXn
NypX-am-cp-V-NypXw hnZym
ZnXn thZm-\p-im-k\w
34. AY Jep tkmt\y\w k\m-X-\-amß [À½w
sshjvWhow \njvTmw e_v[zm bkvXm-a-Zq-j-b³
hÀ¯tX k `hXn k ]pWy-tÇmtIm `h-Xn. k
temItÚm `h-Xn. kth-Zm´ tÚm `hXn k
{_ÒtÚm `h- X n. k kÀhtÚm `h-X n. k
kzcmUv `h-Xn. k ]cw {_Ò `K-h´ am]vt\mXn
k ]nXr³ kw_-Ônt\m _mÔ-hm³ kplr-tZm-
an-{Xm-WnN `hm-Zp-¯m-c-bXn XtZ-X-Zr-Nm-`ypàw
 772
I k\ymk kzoI-cn-W-¯n\p tijw kz [À½-¯nÂ
\n¶v NypXn h¶-h³ Bcp-V-Nyp-X³ AXm-bXv ]mX-In-bm-
sW¶v [cn-¡-W-sa¶v thZw A\p-im-kn-¡p-¶p. ImcWw
Ah³ {`ã-\m-b n. k\m-X-\-amb Cu Bß-[ À½s¯ 40. btah hnZym-{ipX a{]-a¯w
hnjvWp-hns\ kw_-Ôn-¡p¶ \njvTsb {]m]n-¨X
tijw AXns\ Zpjn- ¸n- ¡msX Ønc- Nn- ¯- \m- bn- cn- ¡p- ¶-h³ Akvam Cam-ap-]-k¶ - mb kayIv
PntX-{µn- b\pw hnim-e-IoÀ¯- am\pw {_Ò-Úm-\nbpw kÀh-
Ú\pw kzbw {]Im-i- \p-am- bn-¯oÀ¶v ]c-{_- Òs¯ {]m]n-
¡p-¶p. Ah³ ]nXr-¡-tfbpw _Ôp-¡-sfbpw kplr-¯p- 41. A[ym-]n-Xmtb Kpcpw \n{Zn-bt´
¡-sfbpw kvt\ln- X-·m- scbpw kwkmc kmK-c-¯n \n¶v
Ic-tb-äp-¶p. CXns\ kw_-Ôn¨p E¡p-IÄ D­v.
35. iXw Ipem\mw {]Yaw _`qh
XYm-]-cmWmw {XniXw ka{Kw
GtX `h-´n kpIr-Xky temtI
tbjmw Ipte k\y-kX - ol hnZzm³
36. {XnwiXv ]cmw-kv{Xnw-iXv ]cmw
{XnwiÝ ]cXx ]cm³
D¯-cb - Xn [À½njvTx
]cn-{hm-UnXn ssh {ipXnx
37. kw\y-kvXa- nXn tbm {_qbmXv
IWvTm Ø {]mW-hm-\]n
XmcnXmx ]nXc kvtX\
CXn thZm\p imk\w
GXp Ipe-¯nÂs]« Úm\n-bmtWm k\ymkw
kzoI-cn- ¡p- ¶-Xv, B k\ym-kn¡p ap¼pÅ \qdpw tij- apÅ
aq¶qdpw Ipe-§Ä IrXymÀ°- cmbn `hn-¡p-¶p. kw\ymkn
ap¸-Xn ]cw AXnepw D]-cn-bmbn aq¶p hwi-P-·m-scbpw
XcWw sN¿n-¡p-¶p-sh-¶mWv thZmw´w ]d-bp-¶-Xv. acn-
¡m-\mbn InS-¡p¶ L«-¯nepw Rm³ kw\ymkw kzoI-
cn¨p F¶p ]d-bp-¶-h³ ]nXr-¡sf A¡c IS-¯p-sa¶
thZw ]d-bp-¶p.
38. AY-Jep tkm tayaw k\m-X\ - -amß [À½w
sshjvW how \njvTmw \mk- am]y {]{_q-b m- X v.
\m\q-Nm-\mb \m\m-ß-hntZ \mhoX cmKmb \mhn-
ip-²mb \m\p-]-k-¶mb \m{]-b-X-am-\-km-tbXn l
kvamlpx ZtZ-XZ- r-Nm-Zypàw
kuaym, k\m-X-\-amb Cu Bß-[À½-s¯, hnjvWp-
hns\ kw_-Ôn-¡p¶ \njvTsb \Ã-Xp-t]mse kzbw BN-
cn-¡msX BÀ¡pw D]- tZ-in-¡-cp-X.v thZ-X-¯zÚ \Ãm-¯-
h\pw Bß-t_m-[-c-ln-X\pw hoX-cm-K-\-Ãm-¯-h\pw Aip-
²-Nn-¯\pw Ahn-\o-X\pw PnÚm-kp-J-a-Ãm-¯-h\pw D]-
tZ-in-¡-cp-Xv. CXv kqNn-¸n-¡p¶ E¡p-IÄ
39. hnZym l ssh {_mÒ-Wa - m-P-Kma
tKm]m-bamw tih-[njvtT f lakvan
N P
Akq-b-Im-bm-\ r-Pt] iTmb K
am am {_qbm hocy-hXo XYm kymw
- n-\p- ta[m-hn\w {_Ò-Nt- cym-]¶w
]co£y ZZzm-ssZz-jvW-ho-am-ß-\njvTmw
hn{]m hmNm a\km IÀ½Wm hm
bssYh tX\ \ KpcpÀ t`mP-\ob kvXssYh
Nm¶w \ `q\àn {ipXw XXv
{_mÒ-Ws\ kao-]n¨v hnZy C§s\ ]d-ªp. tl,
{_mÒ-W, Fs¶ c£n-¡p-I, Rm³ \nsâ \n[n-bm-Wv.
Akq-b-¡m-c\pw IpSn-e\pw [qÀ¯\pw aT-b-\p-am-b-h³
Fs¶ D]-tZ-in-¡-cp-Xv. A§-s\-bm-bmte Rm³ hocy-a-Xn-
bm- Iq. ]cn-ip-²\pw A{]- a-¯\pw {i²m-ephpw ta[m-hnbpw
{_Ò-Nm-cn-bp-sa¶v t_m[yw h¶-h\pw PnÚm-kp-hp-amb
Hcp-h\v \Ã-Xp-t]mse ]co-£n-¨-Xn\p tijw Bß-X-Xz-{]-
t_m-[-I-amb Cu sshjvW-ho-hn-Zysb D]-tZ-in-¡p-I.
hnZym-`ym-k-¯n-\p-tijw a\km hmNm IÀ½Wm Kpcp P\-
§sf BZ-cn-¡m-¯-hc - p-sSbpw Blmcw \· B{K-ln-¡m-
¯-hÀ ssIs¡mÅm-dn-Ã. AXp-t]mse Xs¶- b-Xnbpw IrX-
Lv\sâ ho«nse `£Ww B{K- ln- ¡p- ¶nà F¶v {ipXn ]d-
bp-¶p.
42. Kpcp-tch ]tcm [Àt½m
Kpcp-tch ]cm KXnx
GIm-£c {]Zm-Xmcw
tbm Kpcpw \m`n-\µ - Xn
bky {ipXw XYm Úm\w
{kh-Xym-a -L-S mw-_p-h Xv
43. Xky tZth ]cm-`-ànÀ
bYm tZth XYm Kpcu
k {_Ò-hnXv ]cw t{]bm
ZnXn thZm\p imk\w
CXyp-]-\ n- j-Xv .
Kpcp-X-s¶- ]c-a-amb [À½amWv. Kpcp Xs¶- bmWv ]c-
amb KXn. Hc-£cw am{Xw ]Tn-¸n¨ h\v#m-bmepw B Kpcp-
hn- s\-t¸mepw BZ-cn-¡m-¯-h³ ]Tn- ¨Xpw Ahsâ X]Êpw
Ahsâ Úm\hpw ]¨-a¬I-e-¯nse shÅw t]mse
\mi-a-S-bp-¶p. tZh-·m-cnepw Kpcp-hnepw `àn-bpÅ {_Ò-
Úm\n ]c-a-]Zw {]m]n- ¡p¶p F¶v D]- \n- j- ¯p- IÄ hyà-
am-¡p-¶p.
imSym-b-\otbm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
 773
I K
1 imÞnteym-]-\n-j¯v
im´n ]mTw
H mw `{Z IÀt®`nx irWpbma tZhm `{Zw
]tiyam£`ncyP{Xm ØnssccwssK kvX pjv T p
hmwkkv X \q`nÀ hytia tZhlnXw bZmbpx
kzkvX n \]qjmhniz thZmx kzkvX n \kvX m
t£ym AcnjvTt\anx kzkvXn t\m _rlkv]XnÀZ
[mXp Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
tZh·msc, R§Ä ImXpIÄ sIm­v \ÃXptIÄ¡p-
amdmItW. I®pIÄ sIm­v \ÃXv ImWm\nShctW.
kpZrV§fmb AwK§Ä sIm­pw tZlw sIm­pw
\n§sf kvXpXn¡m³ CShctW. ZtPh·mÀ R§Ä¡v
\nÝbn¨n«pÅ BbpÊ p apgph\pw A\p`hn¡ p
\mdmItW. IoÀ¯nimenbmb C{µ³ R§Ä¡v \·
ssIhcp¯tW. kÀhÚ\mb ]qjmhv R§Ä¡v \·
hnXdtW. A{]Xntcm[yKXnbmb KcpU³ R§Ä¡v
awKfw \ÂIs«. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
H¶mw A²ymbw
imWv U nteym l hm AYÀhmWmw ]{]Ñ
Bßmemt`m]mb `qXajv Smw ltbmKa\p{_q
loXn. ktlmhmN AYÀ hmþ ba\n bamk\
{]mWmbma {]Xymlmc [mcWm [ym\ kam
[tbmjvSmwKm \n {¯ Zi bamx XYm \nbamx
XYm \nbamx Bk\m\yjvSu {Xnx {]mWmbmamx
]© {]Xymlmcm XYm [mcWm Zzn {]Imcw [ym\w
kam[nkvXp GI cq]x X{X Alnwkm kvtXb
kXy {_ÒNcyZbm P]£am [rXn hnXmlmc
iuNm\n tNXn bamx Zi X{X lnwkm \ma
at\mhm¡mb IÀa`nx `qXlnXbYmÀ°m`mjWw
AkvtXbw \ma at\mhm¡mb IÀa`nx ]c{_
thyjp \nkv ] rlXm {_ÒNcyw \ma kÀhm
h Ø mk p at\ mh m¡ mb I À ½`nx k À h {X
s s aY p \ X y mK x Z bm \ m ak À h `qt X j p x
kÀh{Xm\p{Kl BÀÖhw \ma at\mhm¡mb
IÀaWmw hnlnXmhnlntXjp Pt\jp {]hr¯u
\ nh r ¯ u h m G I c q] X zw £ am \ ma
{]nbm{]ntbjp kÀthjp XmU\ ]qPt\jp
kl\w [rXnÀ \ma AÀ° lm\u tkzjvS _Ôp
hntbmtK XXv {]m]vXu kÀh{X tNXØ]m\w
\ nX ml mtc m \ ma N X p À ° mwi mh ti j I
kpkv \ nKv ² a[pcmlmcx iuNw \mw Zznhn[w
_mly am´cw tNXn X{X arÖem`ymw _mlyw
N P
3
a\x ip²ncm´cw XZ[ymß hnZyme`yw AYÀ
hap\ntbmSv imWvUney³ tNmZn¨p.
Bßemt`m]mb cq]amb AjvSmwKtbmKs¯¸än
F\n¡v ]dªp XcWw. AXp tI«v AYÀhm ap\n ]d
ªp. baw, \nbaw, Bk\w, {]mWmbmaw, {]Xymlmcw,
[mcW, [ym\w, kam[n F¶o Fs«®amWv tbmKmwK
§Ä. Chbn bahpw \nbahpw ]¯p hoXamWv.
Bk\w F«v , {]mWmbmaw aq¶v, {]Xymlmcw A©v,
[mcW A©v, [ym\w c­phn[w, kam[n H¶v am{Xw,
Chbn Alnwk, kXyw, AkvtXbw, {_ÒNcyw, Zb,
kmcPyw, £a, ss[cyw, anXmlmcw, ]cnip²n, C§s\
baw ]¯p hn[w. AlnwkbpsS AÀ°w at\mhm¡m
b§fmepw IÀ½w sIm­pw Hcp PohnIsfbpw Hcn¡epw
ZpxJn¸n¡mXncn¡pIsb¶XmWv. kXyw F¶Xnsâ
AÀ°w a\km hmNm IÀ½Wm, ]c{Zhy¯n \nkv]r
l\mIpIbmWv. {_ÒNcysa¶m FÃm ]cnXØnI
fnepw at\mhm¡À½§fmepw icocw sIm­p FÃmhn[
¯nepÅ ssaYp\ ]cnXymKamWv. Zb F¶m kÀh{]m
WnItfmSpw Ir]bp­mbncn¡p¶XmWv. BÀÖhsa¶Xv
at\mhm¡mb IÀ½§fm BfpIÄ icnbmtbm sXämb
{]hÀ¯n¨mepw Xpey`mht¯msS Ccn¡psb¶XmWv.
£asb¶m {]bamtbm A{]nbamtbm ]dbpItbm
]qPn¡pItbm XmUn¡pItbm sNbvXmepw kln¡p¶
XmWv . krXnbmIs« [\\jv S w kw`hn¡pItbm
_Ôp¡fpsS kwtbmKtam hntbmKtam D­mhpItbm
sNbvXmepw kZm ZrVNn¯\mbncn¡pIbmWv. anXm
lmcsa¶Xv hbän \mensem¶v Hgn¨nSpIbpw
kv\ KvZhpw a[pchpamb D¯a]ZmÀ°§Ä `£n¡p-
IbpamWv. iuNsa¶Xv _mlyambpw B´cambpw DÅ
ip²nbmWv Chbn a®v Pew apXembXp sIm­pÅXv
_mly ip²n, a\Ênsâ ip²n B ´cnI ip²n.
B´cnI ip²n B[ymßnI hnZysImt­ e`n¡m³
km[n¡q.
2. X]x kt´mjmkv X nIy Zmt\izc ]qP\
k n² m ´ {i h W {l oaX n P t] m {h X m\ n
Zi\nbamx X{X Xt]m \ma hn[ypà Ir{Ñ
Nm{µmbWmZn`nx icoc timjWw kt´mtjm
\ma bZrÑmtem` k´pjvSn BkvX nIyw \ma
thtZmà [À½m [Àt½jp hnizmkx Zm\w \ma
\ymbmÀÖnXky [\ [m\ymtZ {i²bmÀ°n `yx
{]Zm\w Cuizc ]qP\w \ma {]k¶ kz`mth\
bYm iàn hnjvWp cp{ZmZn ]qP\w kn²m´{i
hWw \ma thZm´mÀ° hnNmcx {loÀ\ma
 774
I euInI amÀ¤ IpÕnX IÀ½W eÖmw aXnÀ
\ ma t h Z h nl nX I À ½ amÀ t¤ j p {i ² m
Pt]m\ma hn[nhZv Kpcp]ZnjvS thZmhncp² a´m
`ymkx XZznhn[wþ hmNnIw am\kw tNXn am\kw
X p a \ k m [ y m \ bp à w h m N nI w Z z nh n[
Dss¨cp]mwipt`tZ\ Dss¨cp¨mcWw btYmà
^ew D]mwip kl{k KpWw am\kw tImSn
KpWw {hXw \mw thtZmà hn[n \ntj[m\p
jvTm\ ss\bXyw
]¯p \nba§Ä Xmsg ]dbp¶hbmWvþ X]Êv,
kt´mjw, BkvXnIyw, Zm\w, Cuizc]qP\w kn²m´
{ihW, eÖ, aXn, P]w, {hXw. Chbn X]sʶmÂ
hn[n]qÀhw IrNv{i Nm{µmbWmZnIfm icoc timjW
hcp¯pIbmWv kt´mjw F¶m ssZthÑbmÂ
Fs´¦nepw In«nbm AXn k´pjvSambncn¡p
¶XmWv BkvXnIyw F¶Xv thtZmà [À½m[À½
amÀ¤§fn hnizkn¡pIsbs{X. \ymbmÀÖnXamb
[\ [m\ymZnIsf {i²m]qÀÆw Zcn{ZÀ¡p sImSp¡p
¶XmWv Zm\w {]k¶`mh\tbmsS bYmiàn hnjvWp
cp{ZmZnIsf ]qPn¡p¶Xv Cuizc]qP\w. {lo F¶mÂ
thZamÀ¤¯nepw euInI amÀ¤¯nepw \oNsa¶p
IcpXs¸Sp¶ IÀ½§Ä sN¿pt¼mÄ eÖ tXm¶pI
sb¶XmWv. aXn F¶Xv thtZmà§fmb IÀ½amÀ¤
§fn {i²sbs{X. P]sa¶Xv hnYn]qÀÆw Kpcp
D]tZin¨n«pÅ a{´§Ä A`ykn¡pIbmWv. P]w
hmNnIsa¶pw am\knIsa¶pw c­p hn[ap­v. am\knIw
a\ÊpsIm­v [ym\bpàamIp¶Xv; hmNnIw c­p
hn[amWv þ 1. D¨ kzc¯nepÅXv 2. aµ kzc¯nepÅXv
D¨ kzc¯nepÅ P]¯m \nÀ±njvS ^ew In«pw
aµkzc¯nembm Bbncanc«nbmWv ^ew. am\knI
P]¯nsâ ^ew tImSn aS§mWv {hXw F¶p ]dbp¶Xv.
thtZmà§fmb hn[n\ntj[§sf th­hn[w BNcn-
¡pIsb¶XmIp¶p.
1. kzkvXnI tKmapJ ]Zva hoc knwl`{Z apà
abqcmJym\ymk\m\yjv Su kzkvX nIw \maPm
\qÀthm´ tc kayIv I rXzm ]mZ Xte Dt`
EPpImb kamko\ kzkvXnIw XXv {]N£tX
2. k thy Z£n KpÂYw Xp ]rjvT ]mÀtiz
\ntbmPtbXv Z£ntW]n XYm khyw tKmapJw
tKmapJw bYm
AwKpjvtT\ \n_[v \obmXv lkvX m `ymw hymXv
{I taW N DuÀ thm] c n i mW vUne y I rX zm
]mZXte ]ßmk\w `thtZXXv kÀthjma]n
]qPnXw
4. GIw ]mZassYIkva n³ hn\ytkym cqWn
kwØnXw CXckvanwkvX Ym tNmcpw hocmk\
apZocnXw
N P
5. Z£nWw khKpevt^\ Z£n tW\ XtYXcw K
lkv X u N Pmt\z kwØm]y kzmwKpeoÝ
{]kmcy N
6. hym¯ht{àm \ncot£X \mkm{Kw kpk
alnX knwlmk\w `thtZXXv ]qPnXw tbmKn`nx
kZm
kzkv XnIw tKmapJw ]ßw hocw knwlw `{Zw
apàw abqcw F¶n§s\ Bk\§Ä F«p hn[ap­v.
Chbn c­p]mZXe§sfbpw c­p ap«pIÄ¡pw
at[ybmbn kam\ambn sh¨v \nhÀ¶ncn¡p¶Xns\
kzkvXnImk\sa¶v ]dbp¶p. apXpInsâ heXp`mK¯v
hes¯ ap«pw CSXp `mK¯v CSs¯ ap«pw tNÀ¯v
tKmapJw t]mse Ccn¡p¶XmWv tKmapJmk\w. c­p
XpSIfnt·epw c­p ImepIfpsSbpw ]mZ Xe§Ä sh¨v
c­v ssIIÄ sIm­pw c­p ImepIfpsSbpw XÅhnc
epIsfbpw hn]coX coXnbn ]Sn¨ncn¡p¶XmWv ]Zvam
k\w. heXp ap«nt\mSp IqSn CSXp Imense ap«ns\bpw
CSXp Imense ap«ns\bpw CSXp Imense ap«nt\mSp
IqSn heXp Imense ap«ns\bpw tNÀ¯v Ccn¡pIbpw
Ccp Ic§sfbpw cWSp Pm\p¡fnepw shbv¡pIbpw
Ccp Ic§fnsebpw hncepIsf \nhÀ¯nshbv¡pIbpw
sNbvXXn\p tijw \Ã t]mse GIm{K Nn¯\mbn
{]k¶apJ\mbn \mknIm{K`mK¯v ZrjvSnsb Dd¸n¡pI
bpw thWw. CXns\ knwlmk\sa¶v ]dbp¶p. tbmKn
IÄ¡v am\yambn«pÅXmWv hocmk\w.
7. tbm\nw hmta\ kw]oUy ta {VmZp]cn
Z£nWw {`qat²y N at\me£yw kn²mk\anZw
`thXv
8. KpÂ^u Xp hrjWkym[x koh\ymx ]mÀ
iztbm £nt]Xv ]mZ]mÀ tizXp ]mWn`ymw ZrVw
_[zm kp\nÝew
9. `{Zmk\w `thtZXXv kÀhhym[nhnjm hlw
kw]oUy koh\nw kq£v a mw KpÂt^ ss\h
XpkhyXxkhyw Z£nW KpÂt^\ apàm k\
apZocnXw
10. AhjvS`y [cmw kayIv Xem`ymw Xp Ic
Zztbm lkvXtbm IqÀ¸c\ Nm]n Øm]tb¶m`n
]qÀiztbmx
11. kap¶X incx ]mtZm ZWvU hXv thymav\ n
k wØ nX abqc mk \ taX ¯ p k À h ] m]
{]Wmi\w
12. icocm´À¤Xmx kÀth tcmKm hn\iy´n
h nj m W n P oc y t´ , tb \ tI \ m k t\ \
kpJ[mcWw `hXy ià kvX Xv kamNtcXv
tb\mk\w hnPnXw PK{Xbw tX\ hnPnXw `hXn
 775
I bw \nbam`ymw kwbpà ]pcpjx {]mWmbmaw
NtcXv tX\ \mUy ip²m `h´n
CSXp Im sIm­n tbm\nØmaaÀ¯n heXpIÂ
enwK¯n\p apIfnembn Øm]n¨v ]pcnI§fpsS at[y
e£yapd¸n¨v Ccn¡p¶XmWv kn²mk\w. enwK¯n\pw
XmsgbpÅ koh\nbn c­p ap«pIfpw Dd¸n¨v ssII
fm ImepIfpsS Ccphi§sfbpw ZrVambn ]nSn¨v
\nÝeambncn¡p¶Xv kÀhtcmKlcamb `{Zmk\amWv.
kq£va koh\nsb heXp `mK¯pIqSn ap«psIm­aÀ
¯n Z£nW KpÂ^¯m AaÀ¯nshbv¡ p¶Xv ap-
àmk\amWv. DÅw ssIIÄ c­pw \ne¯pd¸n¨v c­p
ssIap«pIsfbpw \m`nbpsS Ccp hi§fnepw AhÀ¯n
sh¨v Ccn¡pIbpw s\änbpw ImepIfpw apIfntem«p
s]m¡n hSnt]mse BImit¯¡p t\m¡nbncn¡pIbpw
sN¿p¶XmWv abqcmk\w CXv kÀh]m]lcamWv. Cu
Bk\§fpsS \nc´cm`ymk¯m icocm´À `mKs¯
kIe tcmK§fpw ian¡pw. IqSmsX, hnjhpw ian¡pw.
Aià³ tbmPn¨ coXnbn A`ymkw \S¯Ww.
Bk\§sf Pbn¨h³ {Xn`ph\hpw Pbn¨psh¶v
]dbmw. ba\nbamZnIfpsS A`ymkw \S¯nbtijw
{]mWmbmaw A`ykn¡mw. \mUnIfpsS ip²oIcW
¯n\v {]mWmbmaw hfsc sa¨amWv.
\memwJWvU w
AY ssl\ aYÀhmWmw imWvUney ]{]Ñ
tIt\m]mtb\ \mUyx ip²m kyp \mUy IXn
kwJyI m Xmk map Xv ] ¯n IoZri o? Xmky
IXnhmbhx XnjvT´n tXjmw Im\n Øm\m\n
XXv IÀ½mWn Im\n tZtl bm\n bm\n hnÚmX
hym\n XXx kÀhw ta {_qln ktlmhmNmYÀhm
AtY`w icocw j®hXyw KpemßIw `hXn
icocmXv {]mtWm ZzmZimwKptem `hXn icocØw
{]mWaán\m kl tbmKm `ymtk\ kaw \yq\w
hm bx ItcmXn k tbmKn ]pwKthm `hXn.
tZ l at[ y i nJ nØ m\w {X ntI mW w X ] vX
Pmw_q\Z{]`w a\pjymWmw NXpÀ¸Zmw NXpc{iw
hnlw Km\mw hr¯mImc X·t²y ip`m X\zo
]mhIo inJm XnjvT Xn KpZmXv ZzwKpeaqÀ[zw
ta{UmXv Zzw Kpem Zt[m tZl a[yw a\pjymWmw
`hXn NXpjv] Zmw lr·[yw hnlKm\mw Xpµ
a[yw tZl a[yw \hmwKpew NXpcwKpearXv
tk[ mbXaWvUmIr Xn X ·t[y \ m`n X{X
ZzZimcbpXw N{Iw X¨ {Iat²y ]pWy ]m]
{]tNmZntX Pothm{ZanXn X´p ]RvP c a[y
ØeqXnIIm bYm{`aXn XYm Nmku X{X
{]mWÝcXn tZtlkvan³ Pohx {]mWm cqtVm
`thXv I
N P
imWv U ney³ ho­pw AYÀhmtbmSv tNmZn¨p. K
\mUnIÄ ip²amIp¶sX§s\bmWv? \mUnIfpsS
kwJyw F{X? F§s\bmWv AhbpsS DXv]¯n?
Ahbn F{X hmbp¡fp­v? AhbpsS Øm\taXmWv?
{]hr¯n F´mWv? icocs¯ kw_Ôn¨v Adntb­-
sXÃmw F\n¡v ]dªp XcpI.
AYÀhm ]dªp: Cu icocw 96 AwKpe{]amWam-
Wv. icocs¯ At]£n¨v {]mWhmbp 12 AwKpew A[n-
IamIp¶p. icoc¯n ØnXn sN¿p¶ {]mWs\ th­-
hn[w \nb{´n¡p¶h\mWv D¯atbmKn icoc¯nse
AánbpsS Øm\w {XntImWmIrXnbn X]vX kphÀ®
Im´ntbmsSbmWv \m¡menIfptSXv NXpc{iw. ]£n-
IfpsSXv tKmfmImcw. Cu \nebnepÅ AánØm\¯v
t\À¯ D¯aamb A áninJ Ø nXn sN¿p¶p.
KpZ¯n \n¶pw c­wKpew apIfnembn enwK¯n \n¶v
c­wKpew Xmsg a\pjyicoc¯nsâ a[yw ØnXn sN¿p-
¶p. \m¡meIfpsS lrZba[y`mKhpw ]£nIfpsS
hbdpw AhbpsS icoc¯nsâ a[y`mK¯mWv Cu
a[y`mKw H³]Xv AwKpew s]m¡hpw \mewKpew
hoXnbpw DÅXmWv. AXnsâ a[y¯n ØnXn sN¿p¶
\m`nbn ]{´­v Ac§tfmSp IqSnb N{Iap­v. N{I
a[y¯n ]pWy]m]t{]cnXamb Poh³ Id§p¶p
{]mW\pw AhnsS Id§p¶p. Poh³ {]mWsâ apIfnÂ
Id§p¶p.
\mt`kvXncyK[ DuÀ[zw IpWvUnen\oØm\w
Ajv S {]IrXncq]m Ajv S[m IpWv U eoIrXm
Ip Wv U en\ o i ànÀ `h Xn bYmhZv hmbp
k©mcw Pem¶mZo\n ]cnXx kvIÔ ]mÀ tizjp
\ncpss²y\w aptJss\h kamthjv Sy {_Ò
c{Ôw tbmK Imte N A]mt\\ Aán\m N
ØpcXn lrZbmImti atlmPzem Úm\cq]m
`hXn a[yØ IpWv U e n\oam{inXy apJym
\mUyÝXpÀZi `h´n CUm ]nwKem kpjpav\m
k c k z X o h mc p W o ] qj m l k vX nP nl zm
bikzn\o hntizm Zco Iqlqx iwJn\o ]bkzn\o
Aew _pkm KmÔmco CXn\mUyÝXpÀZi `h-
´n X{X kpjpav\m hniz[mcnWo tam£amÀtKXn
N m] £ tX K p Z k y ] r j v T `mtK h oW m
ZWv U m{inXm aqÀt²m ]cy´w {_Òct{Ô
hntÚbm hyàm kq£vam sshjvWho `h´n.
IpWvUen\nbpsS Øm\w \m`nbpsS hi¯mbn
Xmsgbpw apIfnepambn«mWv. Cu IpWvUen\nbpsS
iàn F«p {]IrXo cq]¯n F«p hn[w Ip¬emIrXn
tNÀ¶XmWv. tbmKkab¯v hmbp k©mcw t\scbm¡n
Pew A¶w F¶nhbpsS \mep `mK¯p\n¶pw kvIÔ-
§fpsS ]mÀiz¯n \ntcm[n¨v ho­pw apJ¯n {K-
ln¨v {_Òckw A]m\³ Aán F¶nh aptJ\ {]Im-
 776
I in¡p¶p. lrZbmImiw AXypPzehpw Úm\ {]Imin-
¡p¶p. lrZbmImiw AXypPzehpw Úm\ cq]hpamWv.
a[y¯nepÅ IpWvUen\nsb B{ibn¨v ]Xn¶mev
{][m\ \mUnIÄ ØnXn sN¿p¶p. CU, ]nwKf,
kpjpav \ , kckzXn, hmcpWn, ]qj, lkv X nPnl,
bikzn\n, hntizmZcn, Iplp, iwJn\n, ]bkzn\n,
Aew_pk, KmÔmcn ChbmWv ]Xn¶mep \mUnIÄ.
Chbn kpjpav\ hnizs¯ [cn¡p¶Xpw tam£amÀ¤
kzcq]hpsa¶v ]dbs¸Sp¶p. AXv KpZ¯nsâ ]n³`mK
¯mbn hoWmUWvU w t]mse incÊn {_Òc{Ôw
hsc F¯p¶p. AXv kv] jvSamWv , kq£va amWv,
sshjvWhnbmWv.
kpjpav \ bmx kly`mtK CUm Xnjv T Xnx
Z£nW`mtK ]nwKem CUmbmw N{µÝzcXn
]nwKembmw chnx Xtamcq ]Ý{µx, ctPmcqt]mchnx
hnj`mtKm chnx AarX `mKÝ{µam Xmthh
kÀh Imew [¯x kpjpav\ m Ime t`m{àn
`hXn kpjpav\ m ]rjv T ]mÀiztbmx kckzXo
Iplp`hXx bikzn\o Iplp at[y hmcpWo
{] Xnj vT nX m `hX n ] qjm k c kzX n at[ y
]bkzn\n `hXn Km\ [mco kckzXoat[y
bikzn\o `hXn Iµat[ Aew_pkm `hXn
kpjpav\m ]qÀh`mtK ta{Vm´w IplpÀ `hXn
IpWv U en\ym A[tÝmÀ[zw hmcpWo kÀh
Kman\o `hXn bikzn\o kuaym N ]mZmwKp
jv T m´ anjy tX ]nwK fm tNmÀ[zKm bmay
\mkm´w `hXn ]nwKfmbmx ]rjvT tXm bmtay
t\ {X m´ w ] qj m `h X n bmay I À W m´ w
bikzn\o `hXn Pnlzmbmx DuÀ[zm´w kckzXo
`hXn BkhyIÀ®m´ aqÀ[zKm iwJn\o `hXn
CUm ]rjvT `mKmXv klyt\{Xm´Km KmÔmco
`hXn ]mbpaqemXv At[mÀ[zKm Aew_pkm
`hXn GXmÝ NXpÀZikp \mUojy A\ym
\mUyx kw`h´n Xmkp A\ym Xmkz\ymx
`h ´ o X n h ntÚ bmx bY mi z° mZ n ] {X w
incm`nÀhym]vXtahw icocw \mUo`nÀ hym]vXw.
kpjpav\bpsS CSXp `mK¯v CU \mUnbpw heXp
`mK¯v ]nwKf\mUnbpw ØnXn sN¿p¶p. CUbnÂ
N{µ\pw ]nwKebn kqcy\pw k©cn¡p¶p. N{µ³
XtamKpW\pw kqcy³ ctPmKpW\pamWv. N{µ³
AarXmwiw, kqcy\mIs« hnjmwiw. c­p t]cpw kIe
Ime§fnepw [mcWw sN¿p¶hcmWv. kpjpav \
Imet`màmhmWv. AXnsâ ]pdIn kckzXo \mUn.
]mÀiz¯n Iplq \mUn, bikzn\n¡pw Iplqhn\pw
hmcpWo \mUn ØnXnsN¿p¶p. ]qjmhn\pw kckzXn-
¡pw at[y bikzn\n, Ipµ a[y¯nemWv Aew_pk,
k p j p av \ bps S ap³ `mK ¯ v enwK w h sc Ip lp
\mUnbmWv. IpWvU en\nbpsS Xmsgbpw apIfnepw
N P
Xmsgbpw hmcpWo \mUn. bikzn\nbpw kuaybpw
K
Imensâ s]cphnc hsc \o­p InS¡p¶p. ]nwKf
apIfnte¡p t]mbn CSs¯ I®p hsc ]qjm \mUn,
CSXp sNhn hsc bikzn\n, \m¡nsâ apIÄ`mKw hsc
kckzXn, CSXp sNhnbpsS apIfntem«v t]mIp¶
iwJn\n, ]n³`mK¯v CSXp I®p hsc KmÔmcn,
KpZmaqeØm\¯p \n¶v apIfntem«pw Xmtgm«pw
t]mIp¶Xv Aew_pk. Cu ]Xn¶mep \mUnIfpsS
Iq«¯n aäp \mUnIfpw D­v. Benebn At\Iw
Rc¼pIÄ ImWs¸Sp¶Xp t]mse icoc¯nepw
At\Iw \mUnIÄ ]c¶p InS¡p¶p.
{] mW m ] m\ k amt \ mZ m\ h y m \ \ mK
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cq]wk ]pco jmZnIw {]mWm {]YIv IpcymXv
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 777
I Ghw \mUo Øm\w hmbpØm\w XXv IÀ½
N kayKv ÚmXzm \mUo
kwtim[\w IpcymXv
{]mW³ A]m\³ kam\³ DZm\³ hym\³ \mKw
IqÀ½w IrIcw tZhZ¯w [\Rv Pbw F¶o ]¯p
hmbp¡Ä kIe\mUnIfn IqSnbpw k©cn¡p¶p.S
hmbv aq¡v Igp¯v s]m¡nÄ F¶nhbnepw Imense c­p
XÅhncepIfnepw IpWvUen\nbpsS Xmsgbpw apIfn
epw {]mW³ k©cn¡p¶p. sNhn I®v Ac ap«v aq¡v
Igp¯v F¶o Øm\§fn hym\\pw aeZzmcw enwKw
ap«v hbdv hrjWw Ac XpS s]m¡nÄ AánØm\w
Chbn A]m\\pw k©cn¡p¶p. kam\\mIs«
ssIbv Imev aäp Ahbh§Ä Chbn kÀh{X
k©cn¡p¶p. `£n¨ A¶ cks¯ kam\³ Fgp]
¯ocmbncw \mUnIfpsS amÀ¤¯n sIms­¯n¡p¶p.
\mKmZn ]© hmbp¡Ä sXmen AØn F¶nhbnemWv.
hbänse {]mWhmbp A¶ ckmZnIÄ XcwXncn¡p¶p.
Aán¡p apIfn shÅw sh¨v Zl\mZnIÄ¡p]Icn
¡¯¡hn[w hmbp DNnXw IÀ½§Ä \nÀhln¡p¶p.
Zl\{Inb t\scbm¡¶Xnepw Cu hmbp¡Ä KWob
amb ]¦v hln¡p¶p­v. hnbÀ¸v, aq{Xw, càw, hocyw,
ckw, aew Ch thÀXncn¡p¶Xpw hmbp Xs¶ ]n¶oSv
kam\hmbphnt\mSp IqSn FÃm \mUnIfnepw ckw
hym]cn¸n¨p sIm­v {]mWhmbp izmkcq]¯nÂ
icoc¯n k©cn¨p sIm­ncn¡p¶p. icoc¯nse
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sf shfnbnte¡v XÅp¶Xv A]m\\msW¶v XyPn¡pI
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A©mw JWvUw
1. ba\nbabpXx ]pcpjx kÀh kmwKhn
h ÀP nX x I rX hnZy x k Xy [À ½ c tX m PnX
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Ww. icn¡pw B{ia kZNmc§fnbp¶ Kpcphn \n¶pw
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apJamtbm D¯cm`napJamtbm arZphmb ]oT¯nencp¶v
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¡n \mkm{K¯n ZrjvSn Dd¸n¡Ww. c­p ]pcnI§Ä
¡pw at[y N{µaWvU es¯ t\m¡Ww. AarX ]m\w
sN¿Ww. ]{´­p am{X sIm­v CUm \mUn aptJ\
hmbp kzoIcn¨v hbänse Pembpàtc^_nµp¡Ä
klnXw Aán aWvUet¯mSpw tNÀ¡m³ [ym\n¡Ww.
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IqSn shfnbnte¡v hnSWw. C§s\ aqt¶m \mtem amkw
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 778
I Bdmw JWvUw
{]mWm]m\ kam tbmKx {]mWmbmtam `hXn
tcNI ]qcI Ipw`t`tZ\ k {Xnhn[x tX hÀ
WmßIx Xkv a mXv {]Wh Gh {]mWmbmax
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càm lo lwk hmln\o ZWvU lkvXm _mem
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hmln\o bphXo N{IlkvX m kmhn{Xo `hXn
aImc aqÀ¯nx IrjvWmwKo hrj hmln\o hr²m
{Xniqeh[mcnWn kckzXo `hXn AImcmZn
{X bmW mw kc v U h Imc W taIm£c w ] cw
tPymXnx {]Whw `hXn CXn [ymtbXv CUbm
_mlymXzmbpam ]qcy tjmUiam{Xm`ncImcw
Nn´b³ ]qcnXw hmbpw NXpx jjvSn am{Xm`nx
Ipw`bnXzm Hmw Imcw [ymb³ ]qcnXw ]nwKebm
Zzm{XnwiXv am{Xbm aImcaqÀ¯n [ymt\\ Ghw
{ItaW ]pcmx ]p\x IpcymXv.
{]mWmbmasa¶Xv {]mWm]m\kam tbmKamWv. tc-
NIw ]qcIw Ipw`Iw F¶v AXv aq¶p hn[amWv. hÀ-
®mßIamIbm {]Whw Xs¶ {]mWmbmaw. ]ßm
k\w XpS§nb GsX¦nepsamcp Bk\¯nencp¶v
hyàn \mkm{K¯n N{µlnwl¯nse tPymÕ\bmÂ
kamhrXbpw càmwKnbpw lwkhmln\nbpw ZWvUl-
kvX bpw _mebpw AImcaqÀ¯nbpamb Km{XnbmWv.
DImcaqÀ¯n Écq]nWnbmb kckzXn IrjWmwKnbpw
hrjmcqVbpw hr²bpw {Xniqe lkvX bpamIp¶p.
C§s\ AImcmZn aq¶phÀ®§tfmSp IqSnb Hmw BWv
kÀh¯n\pw ImcW`qXamb ]catPymXnÊv F¶v
[ym\n¡Ww. ]ns¶ CUm \mUnbn IqSn shfnbnse
hmbphns\ ]Xn\mdp am{Xbn DÅnte¡v kzoIcn¡p
Ibpw AImcs¯ Nn´n¡pIbpw sN¿Ww. A\´cw
hmbphns\ Adp]¯n\mep am{Xbn Ipw`Iw sN¿Ww.
B L«¯n aImcaqÀ¯nsb [ym\n¡Ww. Cu {Iaw
XpStc­Xp­v.
GgmwJWvU w
1. AYmk\ ZrtVm tbmKo hio anX lnXmi\
kpjpav \ \mUoØ ae timjmÀ°w tbmKo
_n² ]ßmkt\m hmbpw Nt{µWm]qcybYm
iàn Ipw`bnXzm kqtcyW tcNbnXzm ]p\x
kqtcymWmhym]]qcy Ipw`bnXzm Nt{µWm
hntcNybXm XytP¯bm kw]qcy[mctbXv
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\mbn lnXhpw anXhpamb Blmcw Ign¨v kpjpav\m
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N P
sN¿Ww. At¸mÄ ]Xvamk\¯nencp¶p N{µ\mUnbnÂ
K
IqSn hmbp\nd¨v bYm iàn Ipw`Iw sNbvXv kqcy\m
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tWm tcNIw sNbvXv AtX \mUnbn IqSn¯s¶
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Bibw hyàam¡p¶p.
2. {]mWw {]mKnUbm ]nt_¶nbanXw
_qtbm\ybm tcNtcXv
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ip² \mUnKWm `h´n ban\mw
amk{Xbm ZqÀ[zXx
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D¯njvTcyp¯ta {]mWtcmt[
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5. Pte\ {ia PmtX\ Km{X a˱\amNtcXv
ZrVXm eLpXm Nm]n Xky
Km{Xky PmbtX
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£ocmPy t`mP\w
XtXm`ymtkm Ønco`ptX \ Xmh¶nba{Kl
Bcw`¯n CUm\mUnbneqsS {]mWs\ \nd¨v
Ipw`Iw sNbvXv ]nwKfm \mUnbn IqSn tcNIw sN¿
Ww. ]ns¶ ]nwKfbn IqSn ]qcWw sNbvXv Ipw`Iw
sNbvXv CUbn IqSn tcNIw sN¿Ww. Cu hn[n
{]Imcw kqcyN{µn\mUnIÄ aptJ\ \nXyhpw {]mWmbm
am`ymkw sN¿p¶ ]£w tbmKnbpsS FÃm \mUnIfpw
aq¶pamkw sIm­v ip²amIp¶p. {]`mX¯nepw D¨¡pw
kÔy¡pw AÀ²cm{Xnbnepw C§s\ \mep{]mhiyw
]Xps¡¸Xps¡ F¬]Xp am{X hscbpÅ Ipw`Iw
A`ykn¡Ww. sNdnbtXmXnse {]mWmbaw sIm­p
hnbÀ¸p­mIp¶p. a[y¯n I¼ap­mIpw D¯a¯nÂ
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I 6. bYm knwtlm KtPm hymt{Lm `thZv hiyx
iss\x iss\x XssYhtkhntXm hmbpc
\yYm l´n km[Iw
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sNbvXm hiwhZamIpw. hn]coXambn«mbm km[Is\
¯s¶ sIm¶psh¶v hcpw. AXn\m hn[n]qÀhw
tcNIhpw Ipw`Ihpw ]qcIhpw sN¿mw. A§s\sb¦nÂ
kn²n ssIhcpw. icnbmb Ipw`Iw sIm­v Aán Zo]vXn
bp­mIp¶p. \mUnIÄ ip²amIpt¼mÄ \mZip²nbpw
BtcmKyhpw D­mIpw. AXn\m kpjpav\m \mUnbpsS
apJw t`Zn¨v hmbp kpJambn AXn {]thin¡p¶p.
hmbp a[y¯n k©cn¡pt¼mÄ a\Ên\v ØncX
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11. ]qcImt´ Xp IÀ¯hyx _tÔm PmeÔ
I m`n[ x Ip w`I mt´ tc N I m Z u I À¯ h y
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hoap{Z F Ãm X{´ ¯nepw imkv { X¯ nepw CXv
tKm]yambn sh¨ncn¡p¶p.
 780
I 15. A´À e£bhneo\ Nn¯ ]ht\m
tbmKo kZm hÀ¯tX
Zrjv Sm \nÝe Xmcbm _lnc[x
]iy¶]n ]iy¶]n
apt{Zbw Jep tJNco `hXn ku
ess£yIXm\m inhm
iq\ymiq\y hnhÀPnXm ØpcXn km
XXzw ]Zw sshjvWho
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Zt¯£W
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hnjbw imWvUney hn²ol XXv
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ab³ {`phu
]qÀhm`ymkky amÀt¤mbap·\o
ImcIx £WmXv
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XtXm·\o `hXn
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19. iàn at[y a\x IrXzm Imtem \mkvXn
iànw am\k a[ym\mw a\km a\ BtemIy
imWvUney Xzw kpJo`hx
20. Jat[y IpcpNmßm\amß at[y N Jw Ipcp
kÀhw N Jab IrXzm \ In©nZ]n Nn´b
21. _mly Nn´m \ IÀ¯hymx XssYhm´c
Nn´nIm kÀhNn´mw ]cnXyPy
Nn·m{X ]ctam `h
hneo\ hmbp Nn¯³ B´ce£yt¯mSp IqSnbh
s\¦n tbmKnbmWv. \nÝkamb I¬aWnbm Xmsg
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tIhe e£yam{Xhpw awKfIchpamIbm CXns\
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clnXamb XXzw ]ca]Zcq]¯n {]Imin¡p¶p. t_
imWvUney, AÀt²m·oenX t\{X\pw ØncNn¯\pw
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tbmsS kqcy N{µ \mUnIsfbpw hi¯m¡p¶p. Cu
L«¯n ]caXXz¯nsâ {]Xn`mkw Ah\p­mIp¶p.
I¬aWnsb tPymXnÊpambn kwtbmPUn¸n¨v c­p
N P
]pcnI§sfbpw Aev] w DbÀ¯Ww. CXv ]qÀhm`ymk
K
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Ip¶p. AXpsIm­v tJNcoap{Z A`yknt¡­Xp­v.
AXv D·\o Zi e`n¡m³ CS sImSp¡p¶p. AtX¯p
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Ime\nÃ. imWvUney, a\Êv iàn a[y¯n Øm]n¨v
a\Ên\m a\Êns\ I­v kpJambn hkn¡pI.
BImia[y¯n Bßmhns\ Øm]n¨v Bßmhnsâ
aZy¯n BImis¯ Øm]n¡pI. kÀhhpw BImia
bam¡n H¶pw Xs¶bnsöv Nn´n¡Ww. _mlyNn´
tbm B´cnI Nn´tbm ]mSnÃ. C§s\ kÀhNn´bpw
shSnªp _mhssNX\yhc\mIWw.
22. IÀ¸qc a\te bZzXv sskÔhw
kente bYm
XYm N eobam\w k³ akvXtXz hneobtX
23. tÚbw kÀh {]XoXw N XÖvRm\w a\
DNytX Úm\w tÚbw kaw \jvSw \m\y
]ÙmZznXobIx
24. tÚb hkvXp ]cnXymKXv hnebw bmXn
am\kam\tk hnebw bmtX
ssIheyahinjytX
25. `zu{Iau Nn¯\miky tbmtKm Úm\w
ap\oizc tbmKkvXZv hr¯n tcmt[m
ln Úm\w
kay Kth£Ww
26. Xkva n³ \ntcm[ntX \q\ aq]im´w
at\m `thXv
a\x kv]µm]im´ymbw kwkmc
{]hneobtX
Aánbn IÀ¸qchpw shůn D¸pw ebn¡p¶Xp
t]mse Xs¶ ebn¡p¶ tbmKnbpsS a\Êv XXz¯nÂ
hnebw {]m]n¡p¶p. Adntb­sXÃmw AdnbWw.,
AXn\pÅ Úm\amWv a\Êv BÀÖnt¡­Xv. Úm\
hpw tÚbhpsaÃmw \jvSamIm\nSbmIcpXv tÚb
hkv Xphns\ ]cnXyPn¡pt¼mÄ a\Êv hnebw {]m]n
¡p¶p. Nn¯\mi¯n\v c­p amÀ¤§fmWpÅXv.
tbmKhpw Úm\hpw. tbmKw F¶p ]dbp¶Xv Nn¯-
hr¯nIfpsS \ntcm[amWv. Úm\sa¶p ]dbp¶Xv
hkv Xphnsâ XXzs¯ bYmÀ° cq]¯nÂm ImWpI-
sb¶XmWv. a\Êns\ \nb{´n¨m Cu kwkmchpw
hnebw {]m]n¡pw. AXmbXv kmwkmcnIamb hymtaml
hpw AXp \nan¯w D­mImhp¶ t¢i§fpw \in¡pw.
27. kqcytemIx ]cnkv]µ im´u hyhlrXnÀ
bYm imkv{X kÖ\ k¼À¡
sshcmKym`ym ktbmKXx
 781
I 28. A\mJymbmw IrXmØmbmw ]qÀhw kwkmc
hr¯njvT bYmZnhm©cnX [ym\m¨nc
taI X tbmlnXmXv
29. GI XXz ZrVm`ymkmXv {]mW
kv]tµm \ncp[ytX
]qcImZy\nembmamXv ZrVm`ymkm ZtJZPmXv
30. GIm´[ym\tbmKm¨ a\kv]tµm
\ncp²ytX Hmw
Imtcm¨mcW {]m´ i_vZ XXzm\p
`mh\mXv kpjp]vtX kwhnZm ÚmtX
{]mWkv] tµm \ncp²ytX
31. XmepaqeKXmw bXv\mXv
Pnlzb{Iay L­nImw
DuÀ[zc{ÔKtX {]mtW {]mW
kv]tµm \ncp²ytX
kqcysâ {]hÀ¯\ hn[m\w im´amIpt¼mÄ PK
¯nsâ IÀ½ ]cn]mSnIepw im´amIp¶Xpt]mse
imkv{X§fpsSbpw kÖ\§fpsSbpw k¼À¡w sIm­v
sshcmKym`ymk tbmKw D­mIbm {]]©hpw im´am
bn¯ocp¶p. BZyw kmkwImcnI Imcy§fn hncàn
bp­mIWw. ]ns¶ Gsd¡mew [ym\hpw ZrVm`ym
khpw D­mbm {]]©hpw im´ambncn¯ocp¶p.
BZyw kmwkmcnI Imcy§fn hncànbp­mIWw.
]ns¶ Gsd¡mew [ym\hpw ZrVm`ymkhpw D­mbmÂ
{]mWhmbphns\ \nb{´n¡m³ km[n¡p¶p. Hmw
Imtcm¨mcW¯n\ptijw i_vZ XXzm\p`qXn D­mIp-
¶Xn\m Úm\¯m kpjp]vX nbpsS cq]w a\
Ênem¡mw. At¸mÄ {]mWs\ Pbn¡m³ Ignbp¶p.
Xmeqaqe¯n ØnXn sN¿p¶ {KÙnsb kmh[m\w
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On{Z¯n {]thin¡p¶p. AtXmsS {]mWsâ KXn
\ntcm[n¡s¸Sp¶p.
32. {]mtW KenX kwen¯u XmeqÀ[zw
ZzmZim´tK
A`ymkmZqcv[ zIt{ÔW
{]mWkv ]tµm\ncp[ytX
33. ZzmZimwKpe ]cyt´ \mkmt{K hnatemw_tc
kwhnXv Zrin {]ima´ymw {]mWkv]tµm
\ncp[ytX
34. {`qa[ymXcImtemI im´mh´
ap]mKtX tNX
ss\IXt\ _t²y {]mW kv]tµm
\ncp[ytX
N P
35. HmantXyh bZqZv `qXw Úm\w tÚbmßIw K
inhw Akwk]rjvS hnIev] mwiw
{]mW kv] tµm \ncp²ytX
36. NncImew lrtZIm´ thymakwthZ\m·pt\
Bhmk\ at\m[ym\mXv {]mWkv]tµm
\ncpZytX
A®m¡n\p apIfn ]{´­wKpew Zqsc t]mIp¶
{]mW³ KfnX tNjvStbmSp IqSnbXmIp¶p. At¸mÄ
A`ymkw sIm­v apIfnes¯ Zzmc¯neqsS {]mWKXn
\ncp²amIp¶p. \mkm{K¯n ]Xns\m¶wKpew Zqsc
\nÀ½emImi¯n im´ambn \ntcm[n¡s¸Sp¶p.
]pcnI§fpsS at[y XmcI {_Òw ZÀin¡m³ IgnªmÂ
im´n e`n¡pw AtXmsS euInI hym]mc§fhkm\n
¡p¶p. am\knI k¦ev ]cw XSbs¸Sp¶p. {]mWKXn
\ntcm[n¡s¸Sp¶p. Úm\tÚb§Ä awKfambn
Hm¦mccq]¯n hnkebn¡p¶p. At¸mÄ Aev] hpw
hnIev]anÃ. IqSmsX B kabw {]mWKXn \ntcm[n¡-
s¸SpIbpw sN¿p¶p. apt\, Gsd¡mew lrZb¯nÂ
GIm´mImim\p`hw D­mIp¼Ä a\Êv [ymt\m·pJ
\mIp¶p. AtXmsS {]mWKXn \ncp²amIp¶p.
37. G`nx {IssakvXYmss\yÝ \m\mk¦ev]
Iev] nssXx \m\mtZinI h{àssØ {]mW
kv] tµm \ncpZytX BIpªt\\ IpWvUen\ymx
IhmS apXvLmSytam£Zzmcw hnt`ZtbXv tb\ amÀt¤W
K´hpw XZzmcw aptJ\mÑmZy {]kp]vXm IpWvUen\o
IpSnemImcw kÀ¸htZzjv SnXm `hXn km iànÀtb\
NmenXm kymXv k Xp aptàm `hXn km IpWvUen\o
IWvTtTmÀ[z _mtK kp]]vXm tNXv tbmKn\mw apàtb
`hXn _Ô \mbmt[m aqVm\mw CUmZn amÀ¤Zzbw
hnlmb kpjpav\mamÀt¤W BKtÑXNv XZn]njvtWm
]caw ]Zw
38. acpZ`yk\w kÀhw at\mbpàw ka`ytkXv
CXc{X \ IÀ¯hym at\mhr¯nÀ
a\ojnWmw
39. Znhm \ ]qPtbZv hnjvWpw cm{Xu ss\h
{]]qPtbXv
kXXw ]qPtbZv hnjvW p Znhmcm{Xw
\ ]qPtbXv
40. kpjntcmÚm\P\Im ]©t{kmXx
ka\znXXnjvTtX tJNcoap{Zm Xzw ln
imWvUney Xmw `P
41. khy Z£nW\mUotØm at[y
NcXo amcpXx
XnjvTXx tJNcoap{Z Xkvan³ Ømt\
\ kwibx
 782
I Cu {Ia§fn ]eKpcp¡·mcpsSbpw D]tZia\p
kcn¨v hnhn[ k¦ev]§fpsS Iev]\bm {]mWKXn
\ntcm[n¡mw. IpWvUen\n kt¦mNn¸n¨v tam£Zzmcw
D·pàam¡Ww. amÀ¤ IhmSw apJw sIm­p aqSn IpWvU
en\n Dd§p¶p. IpWvUen\o iàn Nen¸n¡p¶h³
apà\mIpw. AXv IWvT ¯n\papIfn Dd§p¶p
F¦n tbmKnIÄ¡v apàn {]ZamWv. XmsgbmWpd-
§p¶sX¦n AÚm\nIÄ¡v _Ô¯n\v ImcWam
cpw. CU apXemb c­p amÀ¤§fpw hn«p. kpjpav\m
amÀ¤¯neqsS hcWw. ImcWw AXv hnjvWphnsâ ]ca
]ZamWv. hmbphnsâ A`ymkw ]qÀ® a\tÊmSbmIWw.
at\mhr¯n aäp hi¯mIcpXv. hnjv Wp ]qP C¶
L«¯n thWsas¶m¶panÃ. Ft¸mgpw ]qPn¨p
sIm­ncn¡Ww. tIhew ]Item cm{Xntbm ]qPn¨mÂ
am{Xmw t]mcm. imWvUney, ]© {]hmlmßIamb Úm
\IcamWv. AhnsS tJNcoap{Z e`n¡psa¶Xn ktµ
lanÃ.
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iq\yw ssNehm\new
{KtkXv XnjvT´o tJNco ap{Zm X{X
kXyw {]XnjvTnXm
43. tkmakqcy ZztbmÀat[y \ncmew_Xte ]p\x
kwØmXm thyma Nt{I km ap{Zm
\mav\m NtJNcn
44. tOZ\ Nme\Zmssl ^emw]cmw Pnlzmw
IrXzm ZrjvS nw{`qat[y Øm]y I]me
Ipltc Pnlzm
hn]co XKm bZm `hXn XZm tJNco
ap{Zm PmbtX
Pnlzm N Nn¯w N tJ NcXn
tXt\mÀ[z Pnlz
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kw]oUy Z£nW]mZw {] kmcy Xw Icm`ymw
[rXzm \m km`ymw hmbpam]qcy IWvT _Ôm
kamtcm]y DuÀ[ztXm hmbpw [mctbXv tX\
kÀh t¢i lm\n XXx ]nbqjanh
hnjw PocytX
£b Kpeva KpZmhÀ¯ PoÀ® Xz
KmZn tZmjm
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kÀharXyp]
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¶p. kXyhpw AhnsS Xs¶ IpSnIqÅp¶p. kqcyN
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eamWv. AhnsS BImi aWvUe¯n tJNcoap{Z hkn
¡p¶p. tOZ\w, Nme\w, taml\w F¶nh aptJ\
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ZrjvSnbpd¸n¨v I]meOn{Z¯n \m¡v hn]coX KXn
bn t]mIpt¼mÄ tJNcoap{Z D­mIp¶p. \m¡pw Nn¯
hpw I]me On{ZamIp¶ BImi¯n k©cn¡ptam
apIfntem«p tcmb PnlztbmSp IqSnb B ]pcpj³ Aac
\mIp¶p. CSXp Imensâ aqe¯n aqec{ÔaaÀ¯n
heXp Im \o«n AXv c­p ssIsIm­pw ]nSn¨v c­p
aq¡n IqSnbpw hmbp \nd¨v IWvT_Ô¯n\p apIfnÂ
tIän apIfntem«p s]m§nb hmbp XSbWw A§s\
sNbvXm kIe t¢i§fpw \in¡pw. AtXmsS hnjw
t]mepw AarXw t]mse Zln¡p¶p. Kpevaw DZmh¯nw
]gInb Pbnbmb Cu D]mbw kIe acWs¯bpw
XSbp¶XmWv. CSXp Imensâ D¸qänsb KpZ Øm\¯p
tNÀ¯v heXp Imen sh¨v hmbp\nd¨v at\m a[y
¯n bYmiàn [cn¨v Xsâ Bßmhns\ [ym\n¡Ww.
A§s\ sNbvXm A]tcm£ kn²n ssIhcp¶XmWv.
46. _mlymXv {]mWw kamIrjy ]qcbn tXzmZtc
ØnXw \m`n at[y N \mkmt{K ]mZmw KpjvtT
N bXv\Xx [mctb·\km kÔym
Imtejp hm
kZm kÀhtcmK hn\nÀaptàm
`thtZymKo KX
¢a \mkmt{K hmbp hnPb `hXn
\m`n a[ykÀh
tcmK hn\mix ]mZmwKpjvT [m cWmXv icoce
LpXm `hXn ck\mZv hmbpamIrjybx
]nt_Xv
kXXw \cx {iaZmlu Xp \
kymXmw \iy´n
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AhnsS \n¶v AXn\s\ \m`o a[y¯nepw \mkm{K
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tbmKn kÀhtcmKhnapà\pw £oWanÃm¯h\pam
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 783
I \in¡pw. ]mZmwKpjvT¯n [cn¨m icocemLhw,
\m¡n IqSnhmbphns\ BIÀjn¨v \nc´cw DÅnem
¡p¶h\v £oWtam Zmltam D­mIpIbnÃ. AXv tcmK
ia\hpamWv.
47. kÔytbmÀ {_mÒWx Imte
hmbpamIrjybx
]nt_Xv {Xnamkm¯ky IeymWo PmbtX
hmIv kckzXo
48. Ghw j¬amkm`ymkmXv kÀh tcmK
\nhr¯nx Pnlzbm hmbp am\ob Pnlzm aqte
\ntcm[tbXv bx ]nt_ZarXw hnZzm³
kIew `{Zaiv\ptX
49. Bß\ymßm\anUbm [mcbnXzm {Zpthm´tc
_nt`Iyx {XnZimlmcw hym[ntØm]n
hnapNytX
50. \mUo`ymw hmbpamtcm]y \m`u Xpµky
]mÀiztbmx LSossIImw htlZykvXp
hym[n`nx k hnapNytX
51. amktaIw {XnkÔyw Xp Pnlzbmtcm]y
amcpXwhntZ`y {XnZimlmcw
[mctb¯pµ a[yta
52. Pzcm kÀth hn\iy´n hnjmWn hnhn[m\n
N aplqÀ¯a]n tbm \nXyw \mkmt{K a\km
kl kÀhw XcXn ]m]vam\w Xky P·iXm
IÀÖnXw
c­p kÔyIfnepw hmbphns\ BIÀjn¨v AXv
]m\w sN¿p¶ {_mÒWsâ hmWn aq¶pamk§¡pÅnÂ
Xs¶ awKfabnbmb kckzXnbmbn¯ocp¶p. C§s\
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c­p ]pcnI§fpsSbpw at[y Bßmhn Bßmhns\
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t`Zn¡p¶p. tcmKapà\mIp¶p. c­p \mUnbn IqSn
bpw hmbphns\ \m`nbn BIÀjn¨v hbdnsâ Ccp
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e`n¡p¶p. Ahsâ Pzc_m[ ]mtS AIep¶p. hnjhpw
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hmbphns\ \mkm{K¯n \nXyhpw [cn¡p¶ a\pjy
sâ \qdp P·w sIm­p Ip¶pIqSnb ]m]hpw ]cn]qÀ®
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N P
52. XmckwbamXv kIe hnjbÚm\w `hXn K
\mkmt{K Nn¯kwbamZn {µ temIÚm\w
X Z [ Ý n ¯ k wbamZ á n te mI Ú m\ w
N £p joNn¯ k wbamX v batemIÚ m\ w
t{imt{X Nn¯ky kwbamXv batemIÚm\w
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hmaIÀt® kwbamXv hmbp temI Ú m\w
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kwbamXv {_ÒtemIÚm\w ]mZmt[m`mtK
kwbamXv AX e temIÚm\w ]mtZ kwbamXv
hnXe temIÚm\w Pw tL kwbamXv kpXe
temI Úm\w Pm\m kwbamXv almXetem
IÚ m\w Ducu Nn¯ kwbamXv ckmXe
temIÚm\w ISu Nn¯kwbamXv XemXe
temI Úm\w \m`u Nn¯ kwbamXv alÀ
temIÚm\w {`qat[y Nn¯ kwbamNXv Xt]m
emI Úm\w aqÀ[v\n Nn¯ kwbamXv AXoXm
\ mK X Ú m\ w X ¯ Ö ´ p [ z\ u N n¯
k wbamXv k Àh P´ p cp XÚ m\ w kwNnX
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Xmtc kn² ZÀi\w ImbmtImi kwbamZmImi
i a\w X ¯X v Ø mt\ kwbmamX v X¯ X v
Ømt\ X¯Zv kn²tbm `h´n.
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kÀh hnjb Úm\w kn²n¡p¶p. \mkm{K¯nÂ
Nn¯s¯ kwtbmPn¸n¨m C{µtemI Úm\w e`n
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I®nembm kÀh temIÚm\w sNhnbn Nn¯s¯
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IÚm\w, incÊnse¦n {_ÒtemIÚm\w, DÅw
Imensâ `mKs¯¦n AXe temIÚm\w, Imense-
¦n hnXe temIÚm\w, Imensâ kÔnbn \nXe
temIÚm\w Imensâ ap«n kpXe temIÚm\w,
XpSbn almXe temIÚm\w, Acbn kwban¨
t¸mÄ XemXetemIÚm\w, \m`nbnse¦n `qtemI
Úm\w, hbän _phÀ temIÚm\w, lrZbsa¦nÂ
kzÀ¤temIÚm\w, lrZtbm]cnbmbm alÀtemI
Úm\w, IWvT¯n P\temI Úm\w, ]pcnI a[y
¯nse¦n X]temIÚm\w, incÊn kXytemI
Úm\w, [À½m[À½eI§fn kwbaw sNbvX mÂ
 784
I `qX`hnjy Úm\w, hn`n¶ {]mWnIfpsS i_vZ¯n
se¦n AhbpsS i_vZÚm\w k©nX IÀ½¯nse
¦n ]qÀÆP·Úm\w, ]cNn¯¯nse¦n ]cNn¯
Úm\w, icoccq]¯nembm aäpÅhcpsS t]mse cq]
kn²nk _e¯n kwbaw sNbvXm l\pam\pw
aäpÅ _ew In«pw. kqcy\n kwbaw sNbvXm `ph\
Úm\w, N{µ\nse¦n \£{X aWvU e Úm\w
{[ph\nse¦n AXnsâ KXnbpsS ZÀi\w, kzmÀ°¯n
se¦n AXnsâ KXnbpsS ZÀi\w, kzmÀ¯¯nse¦nÂ
]pcpj Úm\w, IWvTcq]¯nse¦n hni¸pw, Zmlhpw
CÃmXm¡m³, IqÀ½ \mUnbnse¦n icochyql
Úm\w, IWvT Iq]¯nse¦n hni¸pw, Zmlhpw
CÃmXm¡m³, IqÀ½ \mUnbnse¦n ssØcyem`w,
\£{X§fnse¦n kn²ZÀi\w, icocmImi¯nse¦nÂ
BImiKa\w ssIhcp¶p. C§s\ hn`n¶ Øm\§
fn kwba\w sNbvXm AhÀ kn²n {]m]n¡p¶p.
AY {]Xymlmcx k ]©hn[x hnjtbjp
NcXman{µnbmWmw _em ZmlcWw {]Xymlmc
bZyXv ]iyXn XXv kÀhamtßXn {]Xymlmc
bZyXv ]iyXn XXv kÀhamtßXn {]Xymlmcx
\nXyhnlnX IÀ½^eXymKx {]Xymlmcx kÀh
hnjb ]cmMv a pJXzw {]Xymlmcx AjvS mZi
kpaÀ½ Ømt\jp {IamXv [mcWw {]Xymlmcx
] m Z mwK p j vT K p Â^ P w L mP m\ p c q ] mbp
ta{U\m`n lrZb IWvT Iq] Xmeq\m km£n
{`qa[y eemS aqÀ[v\mw Øm \m\n tXjp {IamZm
tcmlm htcml {ItaW {]XymltcXv
AY [mcWm km{Xnhn[m Bß\n at\m[m
cWw Zlcm Imti _mlymImi[mcWw ]rYzn
hy]vtXtPmhmbzmImtijp ]© aqÀ¯n [mcWw
tNXn AY [ym\w XZznhn[w kKpWw \nÀKpWw
tNXn k KpWw aqÀ¯n [ym\w \nÀKpWamß
bmYmayw AY kam[nx Pohmß ]camssß
IymhØm {Xn]pSo clnXm ]cam\µ kzcq]m
ip² ssNX\ymßnIm `hXn.
C\n {]Xymlmcs¯¸än ]dbp¶p. AXv A©p
hn[amWv . hnjb§fn s]«pgep¶ C{µnb§sf
_em ]n³hen¡p¶Xns\ {]Xymlmcsa¶p ]dbp¶p.
F´p tIÄ¡pt¶m AsXÃmw BßmhnemsW¶v
a\Ênem¡p¶XmWv {]XymlmIw. \nXyhpw sN¿p¶
IÀ½§fpsS ^es¯ XyPn¡p¶XmWXv. AXv kÀh
hnjb hnapJXbmWv {]Xymlmcw. ]Xns\«v IÀ½Øe
§fn {ItaW [mcWw sN¿pIsb¶XmWv AXnsâ
[À½w. ]mZmwKpjvTw, KpÂU^w, PwL, Pm\p, KpZw,
enwKw, \m`n, lrZbw, IWvTIq], Xmeq, aq¡v, I®v,
{`qa[yw, s\än, Xe F¶o `mK§fn Btcmlmhtcm-
lW {Ia¯n {]Xymlmcw sNt¿­Xp­v.
N P
[mcWsb¸än ]dbpIbmsW¦n AXv aq¶p hn[
K
¯nep­v. Bßmhn a\Êns\ [cn¡pI ZlcmImi
¯n _mlymImis¯ [cn¡pI, ]rYzn, Pew, tXPÊv,
hmbp, BImiw F¶o ]©aqÀ¯nIsf [cn¡pI.
[ym\s¯ kw_Ôn¨msW¦n AXv c­p hn[¯n
emWv kKpW [ym\hpw \nÀKpW [ym\aqÀ¯nsb
[ym\n¡p¶Xv kKpW[ym\w Bß kzcq][ym\amWv
\nÀKpW [ym\w. kam[nsb¸änbmsW¦n Pohmß
]camßm¡fpsS GIo`mh\p`qXnbm ÚmXw tÚbw
ÚmXmhv F¶o {X]pNn clnXamb ip² ssNX\y
abamb AhØbmWv bYmÀ°¯n kam[n.
c­mw A²ymbw
1. AY imWvUnte ym l ssh {_ÒÀ jnx
NXpÀjv T thtZjp {_ÒhnZym ae`am\x Inw
\mt\XyYÀhmWw `Kh´w D]k¶x ]{]Ñ
A[oln `Kh³, {_Ò hnZymw tb\ t{itbm
A]m]vkymaoXn ktlm hmNmYÀhm, imWvUney,
kXyw hnÚmXwa\´w {_Ò bkv a n³ CZw
HmXw N t{]mXw N bkvan¶nZw kw N hnssNXn
kÀhw bkvan³ hnÚmtX kÀh anZw hnÚmXw
`hXn XZhmWn]mZaN£pct{imX a Pnlzm
aicoca{Kmlya \nÀtZiyw
A\´cw {_ÒÀjnbmb imWvUney³ \mepthZ§
fnepw {_ÒhnZy e`n¡m³ Ignbm¯XpsIm­v `Khm
\mb AYÀhs\ icWw {]m]n¨v ]dªp. `Khms\,
F\n¡v \· ssIhcp¯phm³ A§v {_ÒhnZy ]Tn¸n
¨p XcWw. AXp tI«v AYÀhm ]dªp. imWvUney,
kXyw hnÚm\w A\´w F¶nhbpsS kzcq]amWv
]c{_Òw. ChsbÃmw AXn HmXt{]Xambncn¡p¶p.
DZbmkvXab§Ä D­mIp¶Xpt]mse GXns\ Adn
ªmemtWm kÀhadnbp¶Xv B ]c{_Òw IcNcWc
lnXhpw t\{XclnXhpw t{imX clnXhpw PnlbnÃm
¯Xpw icochnlo\hpw AKay\pw AhÀ®\obhpw
BIp¶p.
btXm hmtNm \nÀhÀ¯t´ A{]m]y a\km
k l bX v tI h e w Ú m\ K ay w {] Ú m
Nbkva mXv {]krXm ]qcWo btZIaZznXobw,
BImihXv kÀh KXw kpkq£vaw \ncRvP\w
\njvIncnbw k·m{Xw NnZm\ssµI ckw inhw
{]i m´ ar Xw X Xv ] cw N {_Ò X Xzak o
XÖÚmt\\ ln hnPm\oln b GtIm tZh
Bßiàn {][m\ kÀhÚx kÀthizcx kÀh
B ßi àn {][ m\ kÀ hÚ x k Àthi zc x
k À h `q X m´ c mß kÀh `qX m[ nh mk m
kÀh`qX\nKqtVm `qXtbm\nÀ tbmssKI Kay
 785
I bÝ hnizw krPXn hnizw _n`À¯n hnizw
`p¦vtX k Bßm Bß\n Xw Xw temI hnPm
\olo amtimNocmß hnÚm\o timIkym´w
KanjyXn
GsXm¶ns\{]m]n¡msXbmtWm hm¡pIÄ a\
tÊmSp IqSn aS§nt¸mIp¶Xv GsXm¶mtWm Úm\
Kayambncn¡p¶Xv, bmsXm¶n \n¶mtWm, {]mNo\
{]ÚbpsS {]kmcw D­mbn«pÅX GsXm¶mtWm
GIhpw AZznXobhpambncn¡p¶Xv, \njv {Inb\pw
kXykzcq]\pw NnZm\ssµIckhm\pw BImis¯
t¸mse kÀh hym]nbpw AXy´w kq£vahpw \ncRvP
\pw awKfab\pw AXn im´hpw AarXhpw Bbn«pÅXv
AXmWv ]c{_Òw AXp Xs¶bmWv \o. \o AXns\
Úm\w sIm­dnbpI. Bßmhnsâ iàp cq]¯nÂ
apJy\mb GItZh\pw kÀh`qXm[nhmk\pw kÀh`qX
§fnepw \nKqVambn hkn¡p¶h\pw `qX§fpsS
DXv]¯n Øm\hpw tbmssKIKay\pw hniz¯nsâ
{kjvSmhpw hniz¯nsâ kwc£I\pw, hniz¯nsâ
kwlmcI\pw B BßmhpXs¶bmWv. FÃm temI
§fpw B Bßmhn hkn¡p¶psh¶v \o a\Ênem
¡pI. \o ZpxJnt¡­XnÃ. Bßmhns\¸änbpÅ
hntijÚm\w e`n¡p¶ ]£w \n\¡v timI¯nsâ
Ahkm\w (ZpxJanÃm¯ AhØ) {]m]n¡m³ km[n-
¡p¶XmWv.
aq¶mw A²ymbw
AssY \w i mW vU ne y x A Y À h mW w
]{]ÑbtZIa£cw \njv{Inbw inhw k·m{Xw
]cw {_Ò Xkva mXv IYanZw hnizw PmbtX IYw
Ø obtX I Y w A k van³ eobtX X X v ta
kwibwtOÀ¯paÀlkn ktlmhmNmY Àhm,
kXyw imWvU ney ]cw {_Ò \njv {Inba£
c anX n A Y k A c q]k y {_ Ò a k v{X oW n
c q] mW n `h ´ n k I fw \ nj v¡ e w k I f
\njv I fw CXn bXv kXyw hnÚm\am\µw
\njv{Inbw \ncRvP \w kÀhKXw kpkq£va w
kÀhtXmapJw A\nÀtZiyw AarakvXn XZnZw
\njIfw cq]w AYmky bm klPm kvXn Ahn
Zymaqe {]IrXnÀ ambmtemlnX ip¢ IrjvWm
Xbm klmbhm³ tZh x I rj v W ]nwKtfm
atlizcx CujvtS XZZaky kIfnjvIfw cq]w
A\´cw imWvU ney³ AYÀhmtbmSv tNmZn¨p.
GI\pw A£c\pw {InbmclnX\pw awKfkzcq]\pw
k·m{Xhpw Bb ]c{_Ò¯n \n¶pw Cu hnizw
F§s\bmWp­mIp¶Xv? F§s\ ØnXn sN¿p¶p.?
F§s\ AXn ebn¡p¶p? Fsâ Cu kwibw
AIän¯cWw. At¸mÄ AYÀhm ]dªpþ imWvUney,
N P
]camÀ°amWv, ]c{_Òw \njv {Inbhpw A£chpw K
BsW¦nepw AXn\p aq¶p cq]§fp­v. kIfw \njvIfw
kIf \njvIfw F¶n§s\. kXyhpw hnÚm\hpw
B\µhpw \njv{Inbhpw \ncRvP\hpw Aac\pambncn-
¡p¶XmWv \njvIfcq]w. IqSmsX Cu ]c{_Ò¯nsâ
klPamb AhnZym aqe {]IrXnbpw ambbpw sNa¸v
shfp¸v Idp¸v F¶o \nd§Ä tNÀ¶Xpw D­v. hÀ®t`Z-
t¯msS Cu tZh³ Fsâbpw FÃmhcpsSbpw Cuiz
c\pw \nb´mhpw Bbn¯ocp¶p. AXv kIf\njvIf
cq]sas{X.
2. AssYj ÚmXatb\ X]km Nobam\x
AImabX _lp kymw {]PmtbtbXn AssYX
kva mXv X]y am\mXv kXy ImamXv {XoWy£
cmWn APmb´ Xn t{km hymlrXbx {Xn]Zm
Kmb{Xo {Xtbm thZmx {Xtbm tZhm {Xtbm h˨x
{XntbmábÝ Pmbt´ tbmku tZthm `Khm³
kÀ ss hi zc y k¼ ¶x k Àh hy m] n kÀ h`q
Xm\mw lrZtb k¶nhnjvtSm ambmho ambbm
{IU´n k {_Òm k hnjvW p cp{Zx C{µx k
kÀth tZhmx kÀhmWn `qXm\n k Gh ]pc
kvXmXv k Gh ]ÝmXv k Gthm¯cXx k Gh
Z£nWXx k thm[ kvXmXv k Gthm]cnjv SmXv
k Gh kÀhw AYmky tZhky Bßiàn
{IoUky `àm\pI¼nt\m Z¯mt{Xb cq]mkp
cq]m X\qcphmkm Cµohc Zf {]Jym NXpÀ
_mlpctLmcm ]m] Imin\o XZn Xaky kIew
cq]w
A\´cw Cu ]c{_Òw Úm\mßIamb X]Êp-
sIm­v hr²n {]m]n¨v C§s\ B{Kln¨p. F\n¡v
At\Iw cq]§fn Dev]¶amIWw. XpSÀ¶v Cu ]c{_
Òw X]Êp sNbvXp. At¸mÄ kÀhIma\ItfmSp IqSnb
AXn \n¶pw aq¶v A£c§tfmSp IqSnb AXnÂ
\n¶pw aq¶v A£c§fp­mbn AXpt]mse aq¶v
hymlrXnIfpw aq¶p ]mZ§fpÅ Kmb{Xnbpw aq¶p
thZ§fpw aq¶v hÀ®§fpw aq¶v AánIfpw {]Xy£-
s¸«p. `Kh{Zq]¯n kÀsshizcyk¼¶ambn kÀh
hym]nbmbn kIe {]mWnIfpsSbpw lrZb¯n IpSn
sImÅp¶Xmbn ambmhnbmbn ambtbmSp {IoUoIcn¡p-
¶Xmbncn¡p¶ Cu `Khm³ Xs¶bmWv ]c{_Òw.
hnjvW phpw cp{Z\pw C{µ\pw AXp Xs¶ kakv X
tZh·mcpsSbpw kakv X `qXl§fpsSbpw cq]¯nÂ
ImWs¸Sp¶Xpw ]c{_Òw Xs¶. C§s\ kÀhhpw
AXp Xs¶. Cu tZh³ Xsâ iàntbmsSm¸w {IoUn
¡p¶h\pw `à·mcn Ir]bpÅh\pamWv. CXnsâ
icocw Z¯mt{Xb cq]hpw ZbmXoXhpw ]m]clnXhpw
Bbn {]Imin¡p¶p. CXmWv ]c{_Ò¯nsâ kIf cq]w.
 786
I AY ssl\aYÀhmWmw imWvUneyx ]{]Ñ
`Khm³ k·m{Xmw NnZm\ssµI ckw IkvamZp
NytX ]cw {_tÒXn ktlmhmYÀhmb kvamNp
_rKXn _yplbXn N kÀhnXkv a mZpNytX
]cw{_tÒXn AYIkv a mZpNytX B tßXn,
bkva mXv kÀhhm ]vt\mXn kÀhamZt¯ kÀh
a¯n N Xkvam ZypNytX BtßXn AY Ikva mZp-
NytX atlizc CXv bkvam·mlX Cui i_vZ
[z\ym N Bßiàym N alX CuitX Xkvam
Zp NytX atl {i CXn A Y I kv a mZ pNy tX
Z¯mt{Xb CXn bkva mXv kpZpÝcw X]kvX
]yam\mbm{Xtb]p{X Imam bmXn Xcmw XpjvtS\
`KhXmtPymXnÀ atb\mssßh Zt¯m bkvamXv
N A\kqbmbmat{X X\tbm`hXv XkvamZyptX
Z¯mt{Xb
CXn AYtbmky \ncpàm\n thZ k kÀhw
thZ AY tbmK ssh hnZyssb\w ]cap]mkvtX
tkmlanXn k {_ÒhnZv `hXn Ass{Xt{X
tÇmIm `h´n.
ho­pw imWvUney³ AYÀhmhnt\mSv tNmZn¨p `K-
h³, kXykzcq]\pw XymKw ssNX\yw B\µw F¶n-
hbpsS GIckhpw Bb CXns\ ]c{_Òsa¶p ]dbp-
¶Xv F´p sIm­mWv? At¸mÄ AYÀhmhv ]dªp.
CXv kzbw hr²nsb {]m]n¡pIbpw aäpÅhsc A`nhr-
²ns¸Sp¯pIbpw sN¿p¶Xp sIm­v AXns\ ]c{_Òw
F¶p ]dbp¶p. AXns\ Bßmsh¶p ]dbp¶sX´p
sIm­mWv? AXv kÀh¯nepw hym]n¨ncn¡p¶ kÀh-
s¯bpw {Kln¡p¶p. kÀhs¯bpw `Pn¡p¶p. AXp-
sIm­v AXns\ Bßmhv F¶p ]dbp¶p. atlizc³
F¶p ]dbp¶sX´mWv? AXv i_vZw sIm­pw [z\n
sIm­pw Bß iàn sIm­pw henbhcpsSsbÃmw
\nb´mhmWv . henbhcpsSsbÃmw C uizc\mWv .
AXpsIm­v AXns\ atlizcs\¶v ]dbp¶p. AXns\
Z¯mt{Xb³ F¶p ]dbp¶sX´psIm­mWv?AXy´w
ZpjvIcamb X]Ýcy sIm­v A{Xn alÀjn ]p{X\p­m-
N P
IWsa¶ Bi hln¨p. At¸mÄ tPymXnÀab\mb `K-
K
hm³ At±l¯n {]kmZn¨v kzcq]s¯¯s¶ At±-
l¯n\v ]p{X cq]¯n sImSp¯p. At±lw Xs¶
A{XnbpsSbpw A\kqbbpsSbpw ]p{X\mbn AhXcn¨p.
AXpsIm­v At±ls¯ Z¯mt{Xbs\¶v ]dbp¶p. Cu
kmÀ°I \ma§sf AhbpsS DXv]¯n klnXw Adnbp-
¶h³ kÀÚ\mbn¯o]p¶p. hnZybm Cu ]camßm-
hns\ D]mkn¡p¶h³ Rm³ Xs¶bmWv Cu ]camßm-
hv F¶ `mth\ {_ÒÚm\nbmbn¯ocp¶p. CXns\
kw_Ôn¡p¶ tÇmI§fp­v.
1. Z¯mt{Xbw inhw im´ an{µ\oe\n`w {]`pw
BßambmcXw tZhah[qXw ZnKw_cw
2. `kvtam²qfnX kÀhmwKw PSmPqS[cw hn`pw
NXpÀ _mlpapZmcmwKw {]^pà Iate£Ww
3. Úm\tbmK\n[nw hnizKpcpw
tbmKnP\{]nbw
`àm\pI¼n\pw kÀhkm£nWw
kn² tkhnXw
4. Ahw bx kXXw [ymtbXv tZh tZhw
k\mX\w
k apàx kÀh ]mt]t`ym \nx
t{ib kahm]p\p
bmXv CtXymw kXyanXyp]\njXv
im´\pw awKfmßI\pw C{µ\oew t]mse iymaf
\pw BßambmcX\pw Ah[qX\pw `kvt am²qfnX
kÀhmwK\pw PSm[mcnbpw hym]I\pw NXpÀ_mlphpw
DZmcmwK\pw XmacI®\pw Úm\tbmK kÀhkzhpw
hnizKpcphpw tbmKnIÄ¡v {]nbwIc\pw `àm\pI¼n\w
kÀhkm£nWw kn²tkhnX\pw tZhtZh\pw k\mX
\pamb At±ls¯ \nc´cw [ym\n¡p¶h³ kÀh]m]
§fn \n¶pw apà\mbn tam£w {]m]n¡p¶p. C§s\
Hw kXyw D]\nj¯v kam]n¨p.
imWvUnteym]nj¯v kam]n¨p,
 787
I K
1 imco-cn-tIm-]-\n-j¯v
im´n ]mTw
Hmw. kl-\m-h-h-Xp. kl\u `p\-àp. kl-
hocyw Ic-hm-hs
- sl. tXP-kzn-\m-h-[o-X-akvXpx am
hnZznjm hssl. Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx
]c-{_Òw R§sf c­p-t]-scbpw Hcp-an¨v c£n-¡-
s«. R§Ä c­p-t ]-s cbpw Hcp-an¨v ]cn-] m-e n-¡-s «.
R§Ä c­p-t]cpw Hcp-an¨ Ign-hp-IÄ t\S-s«. R§-
fpsS A[y-b\w tXP-kz-bn-I-s«. R§Ä ]c-kv]cw hntZz-
jn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡-s«. Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx
1. Hmw. AYmXx ]rYn-hymZn alm-`q-Xm\mw ka-hmbw
ico-cw. bXv ITn\w km ]rYn-ho-bZv {Zhw XZm-t]m-
b-ZpjvWw Xt¯tPm bXv k©-cXn k hmbpÀ
bXv kpjnXw XZm-Im-iw.
ico-cw, ]rYnhn XpS-§nb ]©-`q-X§ - -fpsS k©-b-
am-Ip-¶p. CXn ITn-\-am-bn-«p-ÅXv ]rYznbpw {Zh-am-bn-«p-
ÅXv Pehpw DjvWa - m-bn-«p-Å-Xv. tXPÊpw Ncn-¡p-¶Xv
hmbphpw kpjncw BIm-ih - p-am-Ip-¶p.
2. t{im{Xm-Zo\n Úmt\-{µn-bmWn t{im{X-am-Im-
ti-hmbu XzKku N£p-c]vkp Pnlzm ]r-Ynhymw
{LmW- a n- X n. Gh- a n- {µn- b mWmw bYm {Ita- W .
i_vZk- v]Ài-cq-]-c-k-K -Ôm-tÝXn hnjbmx ]rYn-
hymZn alm-`q-tXjp {Ita-tWm-Xv]¶mx
t{im{Xw XpS-§n-bh Úmt\-{µn-b-§-fm-Wv. BIm-i-
¯n t{im{Xhpw hmbp-hn Xz¡pw tXP-Ên N£pÊpw
Pe-¯n \m¡pw ]rYzn-bn {LmWw, i_vZw, kv]Àiw,
cq]w, ckw, KÔw F¶n-h-bp-am-Wv. Ch ]rYzn XpS-§nb
alm-`q-X-§-fn \n¶p-­m-Ip-¶p.
3. hmIv ]mWn ]mZ ]mbq-]-Øm-Jym\n IÀt½-{µn-
bmWn tXjmw {ItaW hNm-Zm\ Ka\ hnkÀ¤m-
\µm ssÝtX hnjbmx ]rYn-hymZn alm-`q-tXjq
{Ita-tWm-Xv]¶mx
hm¡v, I¿v, Imev, hmbp, D]Øw F¶nh IÀt½-
{µn-b-§-fm-Wv. Ch-bpsS hnj-b-§Ä bYm-{Iaw hN-\w,
Zm\w, Ka-\w, hnkÀÖ-\w, B\µw F¶n-h-bm-Ip-¶p. Ch
]rYzn XpS-§nb alm-`q-X§- -fn \n¶p {ItaW Dev]-¶-
§-fm-W.v
4. at\m-_p-²n-c-l-¦m-c -Ýn-¯-a-Xy´x IcW NXp-
jvSbw tXjmw {ItaW k¦ev] hnI-ev]m-² y-h-
km-bm-`n-am\m h[m-cWm kzcq]m ssÝtX hnjbm
a\x Øm\w Kfm´w _pt²Àh-Z\ al-¦m-c ky
lrZbw Nn¯-ky-\m-`n-cn-Xn.
N P
3
a\-Ên, _p²n, Al-¦m-cw, Nn¯w F¶nh A´x-I-
c-WN- -Xp-jvSb
- -am-Ip-¶p. Ch-bpsS hnj-b-§Ä bYm-{Iaw
k¦-ev]-hn-I-ev]-§Ä A[y-h-km-bw, A`n-am-\w, Ah-[m-
cWw F¶n-hb - m-Wv. a\-Ênsâ Øm\w Kf-¯nsâ A´y-
`m-K¯pw _p²n-bpsS Øm\w apJhpw Al-¦m-c-¯nsâ
Øm\w lrZ-bhpw Nn¯-¯nsâ Øm\w \m`n-bp-am-Wv.
5. AØn- N À½- \ m-U o-tcma amwkm-tÝXn ]rYn-
hymwimx aq{X-tÇjva cà ip¢ tkzZmx A_wimx
£pXv Xrjv W m- e ky taml ssaXp-\ m-\ ytáx
{]Nm-cW hnte-J\ Øqem-Zy-t\zj \nta-j m-Zn-
hmtbmx Ima-t{Im-[-tem` taml `bm-\y-Im-i-ky.
AØn, NÀ½w, \mUn, tcmaw amwkw F¶nh
]rYzn-bpsS Awi-§ -fm-W v. aq{Xw, I^w, càw,
ip¢w, hnbÀ¸v F¶nh Pemw-i-§f - m-Wv. hni-¸v,
Zmlw, Bekyw, tamlw, ssaYp-\w Ch Aán-
bpsS Awi-§ -fm-Ip-¶p. {]Nm-c-W w, hnte-J-\w,
Øqem-Zn-I Ä, Dt·-j\ - n-ta-j -§Ä F¶nh hmbp-
hnsâ Awi- § - f m- W v . Imaw, t{Im[w, tem`w,
tamlw `bw F¶nh BIm-i-¯nsâ Awi-§-fm-
Ip-¶p.
6. i_vZk
- v]Ài cq]-ck KÔmx ]rYn ho KpWmx
i_v Z kv ] Ài cq]- c - k m-Ý m]mw KpWx i_vZ -
kv]Ài cq]m-Wmán KpWx i_vZk - v]Àtim]vXn
hmbpw KpWu i_vZ GI BIm-i-ky.
i_vZw, kv]Àiw, cq]w, ckw, KÔw F¶nh ]rYzn-
bpsS KpW-§-fm-Wv. i_vZw, kv]Àiw, ckw F¶nh Pe-
¯nsâ KpW-§-fm-W.v i_vZw, kv]Àiw, cq]w F¶nh
Aán-bpsS KpW-§-fm-Ip-¶p. i_vZhpw kv]Àihpw hmbp-
hnsâ KpW-§Ä. i_vZw am{Xw BImi¯nsâ KpW-hpw.
7. kmXznI cmPk Xmak-e-£W
- m\n
{Xtbm KpWmx
8. Alnwkm kXy-a-kvtXb {_Ò-Nc - ym-]c
- n-{Klmx
At{Im[m Kpcp-ip-{iqjm iuNw kt´mj
BÀP-hw.
9. Aam-\nXz aZw-`nXz amkvXn-IXz alnw-kXm
GtX kÀth-Kp-Wm-tÚbmx kmXzn-Iky
hnti-jX
10. Alw IÀ¯mkvay lwt`màm kvaylw
hàm `nam-\-hm³
GtX KpWx cmP-kky t{]mNy-t´
-{_-Ò-hn-¯ssax
 788
I 11. \n{Zm-etky taml cmKu-ssa-Yp\w Nucy-tah
GtX KpWm-kvXm-a-kky t{]Nyt´
{_Ò-hm-Zn`nx
KpW-{Xbw F¶Xv kmXzn-Iw, cmP-kw, Xmakw Ch-
bm-Wv. Alnw-k, AkvtX-bw, {_Ò-Nc - yw, A]-cn-{K-lw, at²y t£{X-Ú-s\¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.
At{Im[w, Kpcp-tk-h, iuNw, kt´m-jw, BÀÖ-hw,
Aam-\n-Xzw, AZw-`n-Xzw, BkvXn-Iyw, Alnwk F¶nh 16. _p²nx IÀt½-{µnb {]mW-]©
kmXzn-Isâ hnti-j-Kp-W-§-fm-Wv. Rm³ IÀ¯m-hm-sW-
¶p-apÅ A`n-am\w cmPk {]Ir-X- ¡m-cp-tS-Xm-sW¶v {_Ò-
hm-Zn-IÄ ]d-bp-¶p. \n{Z, Be-kyw, tamlw, cmKw, ssaYp-
17. at\m _p²n-cl
\w, tamjWw F¶nh Xmak {]Ir-Xn-¡m-cp-tS-Xm-sW¶v
{_Ò-hm-Zn-IÄ A`n-{]m-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.
12. DuÀt[z kmXzntIm
at[y cmPtkm A[-kvXma
k CXn, kXy-Úm\w
kmXznIw [À½-Úm\w
13. cmPkw Xnan-cmÔw Xma-k-an-Xn.
kmXznIw D¯-a-am-sW¶pw cmPkw a[y-a-am-sW¶pw
cmakw A[-a-am-sW¶pw ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. kXy-Úm\w
kmXzn-Ihpw [À½-Úm\w cmP-khpw Xnan-cm-Ôkv Xma-
khpw BsW¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.
14. Pm{KXv kz]v\ kpjp-]vXn Xpco-ba - nXn
NXpÀhn[mx AhØmx Úmt\ {µnb IÀt½-
{µn-bm´x IcW NXp-jvSbw NXpÀZ-i-Ic - -Wb
- pàw
Pm{K-Xv. A´x-Ic- -WN - X
- p-jvSssb tch kwbpàx
kz]v\x Nnss¯-II - c - Wm kpjp]vXnx tIhe Poh-
bpà tah Xpco-ba - n-Xn.
15. D·o-enX \nao-enX a[yØ Poh ]c-am-ß-t\mÀ
at[y Pohmßm t£{XÚ CXn
hnÚm-b-tX.
Pm{K-Xv, kz]v\w, kpjp-]vXn, Xpcobw F¶o \mev
Ah-Ø-Ifpw Úmt\-{µnbw, IÀt½-{µn-bw,X \mev A´x-
N P
I-cW
- §
- Ä F¶n-hbpw tNÀ¶-XmWv Pm{K-¯v. kz]v\-
K
¯n \mev A´x-I-c-W§ - Ä hkn-¡p-¶p. kpjp-]vXm-h-
Ø-bn tIhew Nn¯w am{Xw hkn-¡p-¶p. Xpco-b-¯nÂ
Poh³ am{Xta D­m-bn-cn-¡p-I-bp-Åq. D·o-en-X\
- m-ao-en-X-
§-fpsS at[y ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ Poh³ ]c-am-ßm-hnsâ
- s
- sIÀ
a-\km [nbm
icocw k]vX Zi`nx kpkq£vaw enwK-ap-NytX
- ¦
- mcx Jm\nemán Pem\n `px
GXmx {]Ir-Xb kvXzjvSu hnImcmx
tjmU-i m-] tc
18. t{im{Xw XzIv N£p jo Pnlzm-{LmWw
ssNh-Xq-]-©aw
]mbp-]Øu Icu ]Zu hm¡v ssNh
Ziao aXm
19. i_vZx kv]Àiw N cq]w N ctkm
KÔkvX ssYh N
{Xtbm hnwiXn tcXm-\n-X-Xzm\n {]Ir-Xm-\nXp
20. NXpÀ hnwi-Xnc hyàw {][m\w ]pcpjx
]cx CXyp-]\
- n-jXv
Úmt\-{µn-b -§Ä, IÀt½-{µn-b-§Ä, ]©-{]m-W-
§Ä, a\-Êv, _p²n F¶n-§s\ ]Xn-t\gv F®hpw kpkq-
£va-§-fmb enwK-amWv F¶v ]d-bp-s¸-Sp-¶p. a\- Êv, _p²n,
Al-¦m-cw, BIm-iw, hmbp, Aán, Pew, ]rYzn F¶nh
{]Ir-Xn-bpsS AjvS-b-hn-Im-c§
- -fm-Wv. t{im{Xw, Xz¡v,
t\{Xw, Pnlzm, \mkn-I, Ch A©pw KpZw, D]-Øw, lkvX
-]m-Z§
- Ä, hmWn Ch A©pw i_vZw, kv]Àiw, cq]w,
ckw, KÔw F¶o A©pw tNÀ¶v Ccp-]-¯n-aq¶v {]Ir
Xn XXz-§Ä D­m-Ip-¶p. Ccp-]-¯n-\m-em-a-t¯-Xmb Ahy-
à-¯n\v hfsc {]m[m-\y-ap-­v. ]pcp-j³ AXn\pw AXo-
X-\m-Wv. C§s\ imco-c-tIm-]\ - n-j¯v ]cy-hk- m-\n-¨p.
imco-cn-tIm-]\
- n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
 789

I K
1 inh-k-¦-evt]m-]-\n-j¯v 3

1. bÚm{KtXm ZpcaptZXn ssZhw 1. `Khms\, bmsXmcp a\Êv DWÀ¶ncp¶mepw Dd§n-

XZp kp]vXky XssYthXn bncp¶mepw Gsd Zqc¯n t]mIpIbpw kIe C{µnb
§fnepw BImi¯n \£{XmZnIfpsS a[y¯n kqcy
Zpcw Kaw tPymXntcIw Xt·
s\¶t]mse {]Imin¡pIbp sN¿p¶p. B R§fpsS
inhk¦ev ] akvX p a\Êns\ Ir]tbmsS ip` k¦ev]§fn tNÀ¯n
2. tb\ IÀ½mWv]tkm at\mjntWm W¡nbmepw.
btÚ Ir©´m hnZt[jp 2. `Khms\, bmtXmcp a\Ên\m tbmKnIfpw PvR m\-
[ocmxbZ]qÀhw b£a´x tbmKnIfpw bÚw sN¿p¶ ap\nhc·mcpw ip`IÀ½
{]Pm\mw Xt· a\x inh §Ä sN¿p¶p. A§s\bpff R§fpsS a\Êns\ ip`
k¦ev]w tNÀ¶Xm¡n¯oÀ¡pI.
k¦ev] akvXp.
3. `Khms\, bmsXmcp a\Êv DbÀ¶ tImSnbnepff bYmÀ
3. bXv {]Úm\pX tNXm
°Úm\¯n\v km[\`qXamWv. bmsXmcp kv acW
[rXnÝ bPtPymXnc´carXw iànbpàamWv, bmsXm¶v Zo]w t]mse {]IminXam
{]Pmkpx bkvam´ EtX In Ip¶p,hnhn[]ZmÀ°§fmbn ]cnWan¡ p¶p, B
©\ IÀ½ {InbtX Xt· R§fpsS a\Êns\inhk¦ev]h¯m¡pI.
a\x inhk¦ev]akvXp 4. bmsXmcp a\Êv `qX`hnjy hÀ¯am\§fpsS Úm\w
4. tbt\Zw `qXw `ph\w `hn IeÀ¶XmWv. bmsXm¶v bmÚnI{_Òs¯t¸mse
icoc¯n \nesIm­v FÃm C{µnb§sfs¡m­pw
jyXv ]cnKrloXartX\
Bßmhn\mÂ
kÀhw tb\ bÚkvXm
Cu icocbÚs¯ Pzen¸n¡p¶p. A§s\bpff
btX k]vX tlmXm Xt· a\Êns\ ip`k¦ev]wIeÀ¶Xm¡pI.
a\x inh k¦ev] akvXp
5. `Khms\, bmsXmcp a\Êv EIv bPpxka§fpsS a[y
5. bkvao¶rNx kmabÖpw ¯n Ahsb kvarXn ]Y¯nse¯n¨p sIm­v cY
jnbkvan³ {]XnjvTnXm cY\m ¯nsâ N{I§fn Bct¡mse¶t]mse \nesIm
`mhnhmcmx bkvanwÝn¯w ffp¶p, AXns\ A§v ip`k¦ev]w tNÀ¶Xm¡pI.
kÀhtamXw {]Pm\mw Xt· 5. hnZKv[ \mb tXcmfn _ehpw thKhpapff IpXn
a\x inhk¦ev] akvXp IcIsf \nb{´n¡p¶p, AtX {]Imc¯n bmsXmcp
a\Êv Nn´mioecmb a\pjycpsSbpw hnZzm·mcpsSbpw
6. kpjmcYn izm\nh b·\jym amÀ¤w Im«p¶p, bmsXm¶v lrZb¯n \nesImffp¶p,
t¶\obtX `oip`n ÀehmPn\ hmÀ²Iyadnbm¯XmIp¶p. iàn imenbmIp¶p, B
Ch lrXv{]XnjvTw bZPncw a\Êns\ ip`k¦ev]bpàam¡ns¨bvXmepw
PhnjvTw XtXz a\x inhk¦ev]akvXp inhk¦evt]m\nj¯v kam]n¨p.

N P
 790

I K
1 ipI-c-l-tkym-]-\n-j¯v 3

im´n-]mTw b{Xo a{´w D]-tZ-in-¡m-\pÅ kabw ASp-¯n-cn-¡p-¶p.

A§v PKZv Kpcp-hm-WtÃm? AXn-\m {_Ò-s¯-¸-änbpw
Hmw kl \mh-hXp kl \u `p\àp kl-
]c-amß XXz-s¯- ¸-änbpw D]-tZ-in-¡-Ww.
hocyw Ic-hm-hssl tXPkzn \mh-[o-X-akvXp am
hnZzm-jm-hssl Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx 4. Cuizcx DhmN:-
Hmw ]c-{_Òw \s½ c­p t]tcbpw c£n-¡-s«. AXv atbm-]-Zntã ssIhtey I
\s½ c­p t]tcbpw ]cn-]m-en- ¡-s«. \mw c­p t]cpw Hcp- km£mXv {_ÒWn imiz-tX, I
an¨v Ign-hp-IÄ t\S-s«. R§-fpsS A[ym-b\w tXtPm-a-b- hnlmb ]pt{Xm \nÀth-ZmXv I
am-Is- «. \mw ]c-k]
v cw hntZzjw ]peÀ¯m-Xn-cn-¡-s«. Hmw {]Imiw bmkyXn kzbw II
im´nx im´nx im´nx
inh³ ]dªp: km£mXv k\m-X-\-amb {_Ò-s¯-
1. AYmtXm cl-tkym-]-\n-jZw hymJym-kymtam ¸än A§- bpsS ]p{X\v D]- tZiw sImSp- ¯m Ah³ kÀh-
tZhÀjtbm {_ÒmWw kw]qPy {]Wn-]-Xy-]-{]- kzhpw Dt]-£n¨v sshcmKyw kzoI-cn¨v kzbw {]Imi cq]-
ÑpÀ`-K -h-¶-kvamIw cl-tkym-]-\n-jZw ¯n \ne-sIm-Åpw.
{_qloXn tkm f A{_hoXvþ
5. {ioth-Z-hymk DhmN:
]pcm thymtkm alm-tXPm I
bYm XYm hm `hXp I
kÀthZ Xt]m-\n[nx I
lyp]m-\ -b-\-IÀaWn I
{]Wn-]Xy inhw kmw_w I
D]-Zntã aa kptX I
IrXm-RvP-en-cp-hmN l II
{_ÒWn XzXv {]km-ZXx
ho­pw cl- tkym-]-\n-j-¯n-s\- ¸än ]d- bp-¶p. Hcn- ¡Â
6. kÀhtÚm `hXp £n{]w I
tZhÀjn-amÀ {_Òm-hns\ ]qPn¨v \a-kI v -cn¨ tijw At±-
l-t¯mSp ]d-ªp. ""`K-hm-t\, R§Ä¡v KqV-amb D]-\n- aa ]pt{Xm atl-izc I
j-¯Xzw D]-tZ-in¨p X¶mepw'' AXp-tI«v {_Òmhv ]d- Xh {]km-Z-k-¼t¶m I
ªp.'' aps¼m-cn-¡Â kÀh-th-Z-Ú\pw alm-tX-P-kznbpw et`-·pànw NXpÀhn[mw II
Xt]m-\n-jT
v -\p-amb thZ-hym-k³ ]mÀhXo kta-X-\mb `K-
thZ-hym-k³ ]dªp: F´p-am-bn-s¡m-Å-s«. Cu
hm³ inhs\ \a-kvI- cn¨v sXmgpXv At±- l- t¯mSp ]d-ªp.
btÚm-]-\-ho-X-k-a-b¯v A§-bn \n¶pw {_Ò-Úm-
2. {io thZ-hymk DhmNxþ t\m-]-tZiw kzoI-cn¨v Ah³ hfsc thKw kÀh-Ú-\m-
tZh-tZh alm {]mÚ- I bn-¯ o-c p-I bpw A§-b psS A\p-{K-l -¯ m Ah\v
]mi-tÑ-ZZ- rV {hX I NXpÀhn-[- tam£w e`n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿-s«.
ipIky ta X\q-Pky I 7. XXv {ipXzm hymk hN\w I
thZ-kw-kvImc IÀ½Wn I kÀh-tZ-hÀjn kwkZn I
D]-tZãpw ØnXx iw`px I
kmwt_m Znhym kt\ apZm
3. {_tÒm-]-tZi Imteym f
ban-Zm\ow kap-]-ØnXx II hymksâ B hm¡p tI«v `K-hm³ i¦-c³ {]k-¶-
\mbn ]mÀh-Xn-bp-sam¯p tZhÀjn-am-cpsS k`-bn D]-
{_tÒm-]-tZix IÀ¯hyx
tZiw sImSp-¡m-\mbn Hcp Znhy-]o-T-¯n Ccp-¶p.
`h-XmZy PK-ZvKptcm I
8. IrX-IrXyx ipI-kvX{X I
{io thZ-hym-k³ ]dªp: "tZh tZh alm-tZh alm- kam-KXy kp`-àn-am³ I
{]m-Ú , Pohsâ {]]© ]miw hntÑ-Zn-¡p¶ alm-{]-t`m,
XkvamXv kp{]-Whw e_v[zm I
Fsâ ]p{X- \mb ipIsâ thZm-[ym-b\w Bcw- `n-¡p-t¼mÄ
A\p-jvTn-t¡­ btÚm-]-ho-X-IÀ½-¯n {]W-h-Km- ]p\-cnXy {_hoXv inhw II
N P
 791

I IrX-Ir-Xy\pw `àn- am- \p-amb ipI³ `K- hm³ inhs\ 16. cl-tkym-]-\n-jZv {_Ò I K
\a-kI
v c
- n-¨-Xn-\p-tijw {]W-h-in£ kzoI-cn¨v ]d-ªp. [ymXw tb\ hn]-ÝnXm I
9. {io ipI Dhm-Nþ XoÀss°x ass{´-{ ip-ssXÀP-ss]yþ
tZhm-Zn-tZh kÀhÚ I kvXky Inw ]pWy-tl-Xp`nx
k¨n-Zm-\-µ-e-£W I 17. hmIymÀ°ky hnNm-tcW I
Dam-c-aW `qtXi I bZm-]vt\m-Xn-i-c-ÑXw I
{]koZ Icp-Wm-\nt[ II GI-hm-c-P-t ]-s s\h I
tZh-tZ-h, kÀh- Ú k¨n- Zm- \- µ-e-£- W, Da- ]-tX, `qtX- Ejym-Zn-[ym-\-XÝ bXv II
i, Icp-Wm-\nt[ A§p F¶n {]km-Zn-¨m-epw.
{io ]c-a-in-h³ ]dªp:þ Úm\ \n[n-bmb ipI-tZ-
10. D]-Znãw ]cw-{_Ò I h, A§v bYmÀ°-¯n _p²n-am-\m-Wv, thZ-§-fpsS cl-
{]W-hm-´ÀKXw ]cw I ky-a-bhpw ÚmX-hy-hp-amb hnj-b-§-sf-¸-än-bm-WtÃm
tNmZnN-¨-Xv. AXn- \m A§¡v cl- tkym-]- \n-j¯v F¶p
X¯z-a-k ym-Zn-hm-I ym\mw I
t]cpÅ Cu \nKqV XXzw jUw-K-\ymk klnXw D]-tZin-
{]Úm-Zo\mw hnti-jXx II ¡mw. CXnsâ Úm\w t\Sn-bm tam£w kn²n-¡p-sa-
11. t{imXp anNvOman XtXz\ I ¶-Xn kwi-b-an-Ã. AwK-lo-\§ - -fmb hmIy-§Ä Kpcp
jUw-Km\n bYm-{Iaw I D]- t Z- i n- ¡ m³ ]mSn- Ã . FÃm alm- hm-Iy-§-sfbpw jUw-K-
k- lnXw Xs¶ D]- tZ-in- t¡-­-Xp- ­v. NXpÀth-Z-§-fnepw D]-
hà-hym\n cl-kym\n I
\n-j-Z`v mKw kÀh-t{i-jvT-am-sW-¶Xp t]mse FÃm D]-\n-
Ir]-bmZy Zminh II j-¯p-I-fnepw sh¨v Cu cl-tkym-]-\n-j¯v t{ijvT-am-W.v
- ¯-¸-änbpw AXnepw AXo-X-ambn Cu D]-\n-j-¯nsâ ]T-\m-\p-jvTm-\-§Ä \nÀh-ln-¨h
{]W-hm-ß-kz-cq-]s - \v
ØnXn sN¿p¶ ]c-{_-Òs - ¯-¸-änbpw A§v D]-tZ-in-¨p. ]pWy- ¯ n\v Imc- W - amb XoÀ°- k \
v m- \ tam thZm- Zn- ]m- T tam
F¶m F\n¡v XXz-akn XpS-§n-b-hm-Iy-§sf jUw-\- P]m-Zn-Itfm H¶pw Bh-iy-an-Ã. \qdp hÀjw alm-hm-Iy-§-
\ym-k- {Ia klnXw tIÄ¡m³ Bi- bp-Å-Xn-\m F¶n sf-¸än hnNn-´s\ sNbvXm In«p¶ ^ew hmIy-§-fpsS
Zb-hp- ­mbn AXn-c- l-ky-§- fmb B alm-hm-Iy-§sf hni- D]-Úm-Xm-¡-fmb Ejn-amsc kvacn-¨-Xp-sIm­pw Nn´- \m-
Z-ambn D]-tZ-in¨p X¶m-epw. Zn-IÄ sIm­pw Hcp XhW P]n-¨m e`n-¡p-¶-Xm-W.v

12. {io kZm-inh DhmNx-þ Hmw Aky-{io-a-lm-hm-Iy-a-lm-a-{´ky lwk

km[p km[p alm {]mÚ I Ejnx, Ahyà Kmb{Xn Oµx, ]ca lwtkm tZh-
Xm-lw. _oPw. kx iànx. tkmlw, Ioe-Iw, aa
ipI, Úm\ \nt[ apt\ I
]c-a-lwk {]oXyÀt° Pt] hn\n-tbmKx, kXyw
{]ãhyw Xp Xzbm ]rãw I Úm\-a-\´w {_Ò, AwKp-jvTm`ymw \ax, \nXym
clkyw thZ-KÀ`nXw II \tµ {_Ò XÀÖ-\o`ymw kzmlm \nXym-\µ - -abw
{_Mva-a-[ym-am`ymw hj-Sv, tbm ssh `qam A\m-an-
13. cl-tkym-]-\n-j-¶mav\m I
Im`ymw lpw, tbm ssh `qam-[n-]Xnx I\n-jvTn-Im`ymw
kj-Uw-Kan tlmNytX I huj-S v, GI-ta-h m-Zzn-X obw {_Ò Ic-X -e -I -c -] r-
bky hnÚm-\-am-t{XW I jvTm`ymw ^Sv, kXyw Úm\-a-\´w {_Ò-lr-Z-bmb
tam£w km£m¶ kwibx II \ax, \nXym-\tµm {_Ò inctk kzmlm \nXym-\-
µ-abw {_Ò inJmssb hj-Sv, tbm ssh `qam Ih-
14. AwK-lo-\m-\n-hm-Iym\n I
Nmb lpw, tbm ssh `qXm-[n-] Xnx t\{X-{X-bmb
KpcpÀt\m-]-Zn-tiXv ]p\x I hujSv GI-ta-hm-Zzn-Xobw {_Ò Akv{Xmb ^Sv,
kj-Uw-Km-\yp-]-Znti I `qÀ`p-h-kz-tcm-anXn ZnKv_Ôx
alm-hm-Iym-\ n-Ir-Õ\v ix II
[ym\w
15. NXpÀWm-a]n thZm\mw I
\nXym-\µw ]c-a-kp-JZw tIhew
btYm-]-\n-j{Zx incx I
Úm\-aqÀ¯nw I
Cbw cl-tkym-]-\nj I
Zzmµzm-XoXw KK\ kZriw XXz-a-kym-Zn-e£yw I
¯tYm-]-\n-jZmw incx II

N P
 792

I GIw \nXyw hna-e-a-New kÀh[o iàn, ]©mßm Ioe- Iw, Poh- {_-ssÒ-IymÀt° Pt] hn\n-
K
km£ym-`qXw I tbmKx ]rYn-hr-_-Zz-Wp-Imb AwKp-ãm`ymw \ax A_vZz-
`mh-XoXw {XnKpW clnXw kZvKpcpw Wp-Xmb XÀP-\o`ymw kmlm, tXtPm_vZz WImb a[y-
Xw \aman II am`ymw hjSv hmbp- _vZz-Wp- Imb A\m- an-Im`ymw lpw, BIm-
Kv_vZz-Wp-Imb A\m-an-Im`ymw hujSv ]rYn-hr-]tv X-tPm-hm-
AY alm-hm-Iym\n NXzmcn bYmþ
bv]m- Imi _vZrWp- tI`yx Ic- X-e-I-c- ]r- jvTm`ymw ^Sv, `qÀ`qh
1. Hmw {]Úm\w {_Ò kph-tcm-anXn ZnKv_Ôx,
2. Hmw Alw {_Òm-kvan.
3. Hmw X¯z-a-kn. [ym\w
4. Hmw Ab-amßm {_Ò. Pothm {_tÒXn hmIymÀ°w I
XXz-a-ko-Xy-t`-Z-hm-N-I-anZw tb P]´n tX inh- bmh-ZkvXn a\xØnXn I
km-bq-Py-ap-àn-`mtPm `h-´n, XXv ]Z-alm a{´ky sFIyw XXzw etb IpÀh³ I
]c-a-l wkx Ejnx Ahy-à -Km-b {Xn Oµx, ]c-a-
[ymtb-Zkn ]Zw kZm I
lwtkm tZh-Xm, lw _oPw, kx iànx, tkm f
lyw Ioe-Iw, aa kmbq-Py-ap-àyÀt° Pt]-hn-\n- Ghw alm-hm-Iy-jUw Km\yp-àm\n
tbmKx, XXv ]pcp-jmb AwKp-jvTm`ymw \ax, Cuim- \mep alm- hm-Iy- §Ä {]tXyIw A\p-kva-cn- ¡m³ BS-
\mb XÀP-\o`ymw kzmlm AtLm-cmb a[y-am`ymw Nm-cy³ \nÀt±-in-¡p-¶p.
hjSv ktZym-Pm-Xmb A\m-an-Im`ymw lqw, hma-tZ- 1. Hmw {]Úm\w {_Ò
hmb I\n-jvTn-Xm`ymw huj-Sv, XXv]p-cpjx im\m-
(sF-X -tc-tbm-]-\n-j-¯ v)
tLmc ktZym-Pm-Xh - m-a-tZ-tht`ymx \ax, Ic-X-e-Ic
]rjvTm`ymw ^Sv Ghw lrZ-bm-Zn-\ymkx `qÀ`q-h- 2. Alw {_Òmkvan
kp-h-tcmw-anXn ZnKv_Ôx (_r-l-Z m-c-W y-tIm-]-\ n-j-¯v)
3. Hmw XXz-akn
[ym\w (Om-tµm-tKym-]-\n-j-¯ v)
4. Ab-amßm {_Ò
Úm\w tÚbw Úm\-K-aym-Z-XoXw I
(am-Þp-tIym- ]-\n-j -¯ v)
ip²w _p²w apà-a-]y-hybw N I
kXyw Úm\w k¨n-Zm-\µ cq]w I H¶m-as¯ alm-hm-Iy-¯nsâ A\p-kva-cWw kmbq-
Py-{]-Zm-b-I-am-sW¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.
[ymtb tZhw X·tlm {`mam\w I
AY cl- tkym- ] - \ n- j - Zzn- ` m- Ktim hmIymÀ°-
Xzw ]c-a-lm-a-{´ky hnjvWpÀ-E-jn, Kmb{Xn
tÇmImx t{]mNy-t´þ
Otµm, ]c-am-ßm-tZ-h-Xm, sFw_o-Pw, ¢ow iànx,
ku Ioe-Iw, aa apàyÀt° Pt] hn\n-tbmKx, tbt\-t£X irtWm-XoZw I
hmkp-tZ-hmb AwKq-jvTm`ymw \ax, k¦Àj-Wmb Pn{LXn hymI-tcmXn N I
XÀÖ-\o`ymw kzmlm, {]Xyp-av\mb a[y-am-`ymw-h- kmZz-kmZp hnPm-\mXn I
j-Sv, A\n-cp-²mb A\m-an-Im`ymw lpw, hmkp-t Z- XXv {]Úm\ apZo-cnXw II
hmb I \njv T n- I m`ymw huj - S v , hmkp- t Zh
NXp-½p-tJ-{µ-tZ-thjp a\p-j ym-iz-K-hm-Znjp
k¦ÀjtW {]Xyp-av\m-\n-cp-t²`yx `pÀ`ph kztcm-
anXn ZnKv_Ôx, ssNX-\y-taIw {_Òm-XZv {]Úm\w
{_Ò-a-¿]n
]ns¶ cl-tkym-]-\n-j-¯nsâ hn`m-K-a-\p-k-cn¨v alm-
[ym\w
hm-Iy-§-fpsS Adv°hpw [ymtÇm-I-§fpw ]d-bp-¶p. Pohn-
PohXzw kÀh-`q-Xm\mw I IÄ GXp aptJ-\- bmtWm ImWp-Ibpw tIÄ¡p-Ibpw aW-
kÀh-{Xm-JÞ hn{Klw I ¸n-¡p-Ibpw kzmZpw ZpkzmZpw Adn-bp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶Xv
Nn¯m-l-¦m-c-b-´ mcw I AXv {]Úm-\-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶p. {_Òmhv C{µ³ tZh-·mÀ
PohmJyw Xzw ]Zw `tP II a\p- jyÀ IpXnc ]ip apX-emb arK-§Ä F¶n- h-bnepw aäp
kI-e-Po-hn-I-fnepw Htc Hcp ssNX-\y-kz-cq-]-amb {_Òw
Akn ]Z-a-lm-a-{´ky a\x Ejnx, Kmb{Xo Oµx, Xs¶-bmWv ØnXn sN¿p-¶-Xv. B {]Úm\w þ {_Ò
AÀ²- \m- co-iztcm tZh- Xm, Ahy-àm-ZnÀU-_o- Pw, \rknwlx F¶nepw ØnXn sN¿p-¶p.
N P
 793

I 18. ]cn-]qÀ® ]cm-ßm-kvan³ I 24. hmNyw e£y-anXn Zzn[mÀ° kcWnx K

tZtl hnZym[n ImcnWn I hem-Nyky ln Xzw]tZ I
_pt² km£n Xbm ØnXzm I hmNyw `uXn-I-an-{µn-bm-Zn-c-]n-b-ãyw
Øqc-¶-l-ao-Xn-cytX II XzaÀ°mÝ kx I
19. kzXx ]qÀ®x ]cm-ßm{X I hmNyw XXv]-Zao iXm-Ir-X-a-XnÀe`yw
_AÒ i_vtZ\ hÀ®nXx I Xpk-¨nXv kpJmþ
Akv ao-s sXy-I y-]-cm-aÀiþ \µ {_Ò XZÀ° Gj N
Xtbm-sscIyw XzkoZw ]Zw II
kvtX\ {_Ò `hm-aylw
25. XzanXn XZnXn Imtcy ImctW kXyp-]m[u I
Cu a\pjy icocw Xs¶-bm-Wv, {_Ò-hn-Zym- {]m-]vXn¡v
A[n-Im-cn. AXn km£n cq]-¯n ØnXn sN¿p¶ ]c- - q]w I
ZznX-b-an-X-c-ssYIw k¨n-Zm-\-µc
am- ßmhp Xs¶- bmWv _p²n-kv^p-c- W-ap-­m-Ip-t¼mÄ - -tlXp tZim-Imeu N lnXzm I
D`-b-h-N\
""Rm³ F¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. ]cn-]qÀ®-amb ]c-am-ßmhp PKXn `hXn tkm f bw tZh-Zt¯m bssYIx
Xs¶- bmWv ChnsS {_Ò F¶v ]d-b-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.
26. Imtcym-]m-[n-cbw Pohx I
20. GI Ghm-Zzn-Xob k
Imc-tWm-]m-[n-co-izc I
¶ma cq]-hn-hÀPnXw I
Imcy-Im-c-WXmw lnXzm I
krtãx ]pcm-[p-\m-]yky I
]qÀ®-t_mt[m f h injytX II
XmZràzw XZn-Xo-cytX
alm-hm-Iy-¯nsâ AÀ° Úm\-¯n \n¶v hmNy-
21. t{imXpÀtZ-tl-{µn-bm-XoXw I
s¯bpw AÀ°-s¯bpw A\p-k-cn-¡-Ww. hmNy-a-\p-k-
hkvXz{X Xzw ]tZ-cnXw I
cn¨v C{µn-bm-Zn-IÄ "Xzw' F¶-Xnsâ hmNy-am-Wv. F¶mÂ
GIXm {KmlytX f koXn C{µn-b§- Ä¡pw AXo-X-amb hnip² ssNX\yw Xs¶-
XssZ-Iy-a-\ p-`q-b Xmw bmWv e£ymÀ°w. C§s\ AXv F¶ hmNyw kÀh- Úm-
22. Zriy-am-\ky kÀhky I ß- IXzw Cuiz-cXzw F¶o KpW-ssh-in-ãy-§-tfmSp IqSnb
]c-am-ßmhpw e`ymÀ°w k¨n-Zm-\-µ-a-b-amb {_Ò-hp-am-Ip-
- vX -Xz-ao-cytX I
PK- Xk
¶p. AXp-sIm­v ChnsS "Akn' F¶ ]Z-¯m c­p ]Z-
{_Ò i_vtZ\ XXv {_Ò I §-fp-sSbpw e£ymÀ°w aptJ\ Pohm-ß-]-c- am-ßm-¡-fpsS
kz{]-Im-imß cq]Iw GIo-`m- hs¯ {]Xn-]m-Z n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. Imcy-Im-c-W-§-fmb
krãn¡p ap¼v ssZzX-`m-h\bnÃm¯ \ma-cq-]-c-ln-X- D]m-[n-IÄsIm­p Xs¶ "Xzw' "XXv' F¶nh X½n t`Z-ap-
hp-amb Hcp k¯ D­m-bn-cp-¶p. B {_Òw XXv F¶ ]Z- ­v. D]m[n cln-X-am-bm c­pw Htc k¨n-Zm-\µw Xs¶.
¯m {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡-s¸-«p. Xzw F¶ ]Z-¯m ]d-b-s¸-«n-cn- {]]-©-¯nepw AXp Xs¶-bm- Wv. AXn \n¶v "CXv', "AXv'
¡p- ¶Xv D]-tZiw tIÄ¡p¶ injysâ C{µn-bm-Xo-X-sa¶p F¶-`mhw \o¡n-bm A´-c-c-ln-X- amb H¶p-Xs¶ Ah-
tXm¶p¶ icocw Xs¶. Akn F¶ ]Zw sIm­v Poh- ti-jn-¡p-¶p. Cu Poh³ Imtcym-]m-[n-bp-àhpw {_Òw
sâbpw {_Ò-¯n-sâbpw GIXzw tZymXn-¡p-¶p. Imc-tWm-]m[n kln-X-hpw BIp-¶p. Cu Imcy-Im-c-tWm-
23. A\m-ß-Zr-tã-c-hn-th-I-\ n{Zm ]m-[n-Isf ]cn- Xy- Pn-¨m Úm\-kz-cq]w Ah- ti- jn-¡p-¶p.

alw aa kz]v\-KXnw KtXm f lw I 27. {ihWw Xp Kptcmx ]qÀhw I

kzcq-]-kqtcym f `ypZntX kv^ptSmtàx I a\\w XZ-\-´cw I
KptcmÀ½-lm-hm-Iy-]ssZx{]_pt²x II \nZn-[ym-k -\-an-tXy-XXv I
A\m-ß- hk - X
v p-hn Bß-_p²n D­m-b-Xp-\n-an¯w ]qÀ®-t_m-[ky ImcWw II
Rm³ AÚm-\m-Ô- Im-c-¯n ]Xn¨v Rms\¶pw Ftâ- 28. A\y-hnZym ]cn-Úm\ I
sX-¶p-apÅ tamlm-ßI ØnXn-bn F¯n-¡-gn-ªn-cn-¡p-
¶p. Kpcp-tZ-h\
- n \n¶pw F\n¡p e`n¨ alm-hm-tIym-]-
ahiyw \izcw `thXv I
tZ-i-¯m Bß kzcq-]-am-Ip¶ kqcysâ BhnÀ`m-h- {_Ò-hnZym ]cn-Úm\w I
¯m Fsâ Dd-¡-¯n\v `wKw h¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. {_Ò-{]m]vXn Icw kvarXw II

N P
 794

I 29. alm-h m-Iym-\p-]-Zn-tiXv I D°mb {]Wn-]-tXyiw I K

kj-Uw-Km\n tZinIx I
tIhew \ln hmIym\n I
{_ÒtWm hN\w bYm II
Kpcp apJ-¯n \n¶ BZyw tIÄ¡Ww tI«-Xn-\p-
tijw a\\w sN¿-W w. ]ns¶ \nZn-[ ymkw thWw
F¶m am{Xta Úm\w ]qÀ®-am-hp-I-bp-Åq. F{X-am{Xw
\Ã-Xp-t]mse A`y-kn-¨mepw aäp hn-Zy-I-fn \n¶p e`n-
¡p¶ Úm\w XoÀ¨-bmbpw \iz-c-am-Wv. F¶m {_Ò-
hn-Zym-]-cn-Úm-\w-Øn-chpw {_Ò {]m]vXn Ic-hp-am-Ip-¶p.
BNm-cy³ injy\v alm-Im-hy-§Ä D]-tZ-in-¨-Xp-sIm­v
am{X-ambnà F¶v {_Òmhv A\p-im-kn-¨n-cn¡p-¶p.
30. Gh-apàzm ap\n-t{ijvTx I
cl-tkym-]-\n-jXv ipIx abm
]n{Xm-\p-\o-tX\ I
hymtk\ {_Ò-hm-Zn\m II
31. XtXm {_tÒm-]-Znãw ssh I
k¨n-Zm-\µ e£Ww I
Poh-·pàx kZm [ym-b³ I
XXkvXzw hnl-cn-jykn II
32. tbm thZmZu kzcx t{]mtàm I
thZmt´ N {]Xn-jvTnXx Xky I
{]Ir-Xn-eo-\ ky I
bx ]cx k atl-izcx II
]c-ta-iz-c³ ]dªp: ""ipI-tZ-hm, A§-bpsS ]nXm-
hmb thZ-hym-k³ {_Ò-Pm-Rm-\n-bm-Wv. At±-l-¯nÂ
{]oX- \mbn Rm³ A§¡v Cu cl-tkym-]-\n-j¯v D]-tZ-
in¨p Xcp-¶p. CXn hÀ®n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xv k¨n-Zm-\µ kzcq-
]-amb {_Òw Xs¶. A§v {_Òs¯ \nXyhpw [ym\n¨v
Poh-·p-à-\m-Ip-I. thZm-cw-`-¯n D¨-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶Xpw
thZm-´- ¯n {]Xn-jT v n-X-hp-amb Hmw Imc kzcw AXnsâ
{]Ir-Xn-bn XmZmßyw {]m]n-¨-Xn\p tijw AXn\p AXo-
X-\m-bn-«p-Å-h-\mWv km£m ]cm-]-c³.
33. D]-Znãx inth-t\Xn I
PK-¯-·-bXmw KXx
Xymàm-tij ]cn-{Klx II
34. ]c-{_-Ò-]-tbm-cmiu I
¹h-¶nh bbu XZm I
{]{h-P´w Xam-temIy I
IrjvW-ssZz-]m-bt\m ap\nx II
35. A\p {hP-¶m-Pp-lmh I
]p{X-hn- tÇ-j-Im-Xcx I
{]Xn-t\-Zp-kvXZm kÀth I
PKXv Ømhc PwKamx II
36. XXv {ipXzm kI-em-Imcw I
hymkx kXy-h-Xo-kpXx I
]pt{XW klnXx {]oXym I
]c-am-\-µ-ap-t]-bn-hm³ II
{io ]cainhsâ Cu D]-tZiw tI«v ipI-tZ-h³
kakvX hnizm-k-¯nepw X·-b-\mbn Fgp-t¶äv `K-hms\
{]W-an¨v kÀh-]-cn-{K-l-§fpw ssIhn«p ]c-{_-Òmw- _p-[n-
bn \o´n-bX - p-t]mse B\-µa - -á-\mbn AhnsS \n¶pw
]pd-s¸-«p. AXp- I­v thZ-hym-k³ ]p{X hncl ZpxJnX-\mb
]p{Xsâ t]À hnfn¨v At±-ls¯ ]n´p-SÀ¶p. At¸mÄ
At±-l-¯nsâ hnfn¡v D¯cw sImSp-¯Xv {]]-©-¯nse
k¼qÀ® PU-tN-X\ ]ZmÀ°-§-fm-bn-cp-¶p. AtXmsS
Xsâ ]p{X³ k¼qÀ®-ambpw hniz-a-b-\m-sW¶p ImWp-
Ibpw hymk\pw ipI-s\-t¸mse kt´m-j-t¯msS ]c-am-
\µw Bkz-Zn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
37. tbm cl-tkym-]-\ n-j-Z-a-[otX KpÀh-\p-{K-l m-
ÕÀh-] m] hn\nÀapàx km£mXv ssIh- e y-a -
iv\ ptX km£mXv ssIh-ey-a-i v\ ptX CXyp-] -\n-
j¯v
Kpcp-hnsâ A\p-{K-l-¯m bmsXm-cmÄ Cu cl-
tkym-]-\n-j¯v A[y-b\w sN¿pt¶m AbmÄ kÀh-]m-]-
hn-\n-½p-à-\m-bn-¯oÀ¶v ssIheyw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
ipI-c-l-tkym-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

N P
 795

I K
1 {iocm-a-]qÀh-Xm-]n-\yp-]-\n-j¯v
3

Hmw `{Zw IÀt×`nx irW-bma tZhm `{Zw ]tiy- sX¶v NneÀ ]d-bp-¶p. Bß-t¶m-¶- Xn-bm BcpsS _e-
am-£ -ZnÀcy P{Xm Ønssc- c w- K- k vX p- ã phmw k amtWm `qan-bn {]kn-²-am-bXv AXv cma-s\¶v NneÀ ]d-
kvX\q-`nÀhy-tia tZh-lnXw bZmbpx kzkvXn \ bp-¶p. cmlp N{µs\ {]`m-lo-\-\m-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse cm£-
Ct{µm hr£-{ihmx kzkvXn \x ]qjm hntiz-thZx k-·msc {]`m- lo- \-cm-¡n-b-Xn- \m At±lw cma- \m- bn. cmPym-
kzkvXn \ kvXmÀt£ym Acn-ã-t\an kzkvXn t\m [n-Im-cn-I-fmb cmPm-¡-·mÀ¡v t{ijvT-amÀ¤w D]-tZ-in-¡p-
_rl-kv]X - nÀ Z[mXp Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx Ibpw [ym\-\n-c-XÀ¡v sshcmKyw {]Zm\w sN¿p-Ibpw
\maw sN¿p-¶-hsc Úm\-amÀ¤-¯n-te¡v \bn-¡p-Ibpw
tZh-·msc R§Ä ImXp- IÄ sIm­v \ÃpX ImWp- am-
sNbvX- Xn-\m-emWv cmsa¶v t]À h¶-sX¶v NneÀ A`n-{]m-
dm-I-tW. kpZr-V-§-fmb AwK-§-fmepw ico-c¯
- mepw
b-s¸-«p. A\-´\pw \nXym-\-µ\pw NnZm-ßm-hp-amb bmsXm-
\n§sf kvXpXn¨p sIm­v tZh-·mÀ \n§Ä¡v \nÝ-bn-¨n-
cp-h-\n tbmKn-IÄ can-¡p- ¶p. Ah-\mWv cma³. cma ]Zw
«pÅ BbpÊp apgp-h\pw R§Ä A\p-`-hn-¡-tW. alm-
sIm­v ]c-{_-Ò-amWv kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv.
IoÀ¯n-am-\mb C{µ³ R§Ä¡v \· sN¿-tW. kÀh-
Ú-\mb ]qjm-tZ-h³ R§Ä¡v \· sN¿-tW. A{]-Xn- 7. Nn·-bky ZznXo-bky \njvI-f-¦kym ico-cnWx
tcm-[y-K-Xn-bmb Kcp-U³ R§Ä¡v \· sN¿tW. _rl- D]m-kI
- m\mw ImcymÀ°w {_ÒtWm cq]-I-ev]\m
kv]Xn R§Ä¡v \· sN¿- tW. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
8. cq]-Øm\m tZh-Xm\mw ]pwkv{Xyw-Km-kv{XmZn
Iev]\m ZznN- X zmcn jU - ã m\mw Zi ZzmZi
H¶mw D]-\n-j¯v tjmUi
1. Nn·-tb-k van³ alm-h njvW u PmtX Zi-ctY 9. Aãm-Z-imjo IYnXm lkvXmx iwJm-Zn-Zn-cypXm
lcu ctLm Ipte-Jnew cmXn cmPtX tbm alo- kl-{km-´m-hØm Xmkmw hÀ®-hm-l\ Iev]\m
ØnXx
10. iàn-tk\m Iev]\m N {_Òm-tWyhw ln]-
2. k cma CXn temtIjp hnZzZv`nx {]I-So-IrXx ©[ m Ie v ] n- X ky ico- c ky Xky tk\mZn
hnZzZv`nx {]I-Sn-IrXx cm£km tb\ acWw bm´n Iev]\m
tkz t{ZI-tXm-f-Yhm
11. {_Òm Zo\mw hmN-tImbw at{´m-f-\zÀ°mZn
3. cma-c ma `pXzn JymX a`n cmtaW hm ]p\x kwÚIm P]vXthym a{´n-Wm-ss\\m hn\m-tZhx
cm£-km-·¯p cqt]W cmlpÀ½-\-kn-XPw bYm {]ko-ZXn
4. {]`-lo\mw XYm IrXzm cmPymÀlWmw alo- 12. {Inbm IÀt½Xn IÀ¯qWm aÀ°w at{´m-h-
`r-Xmw [À½-amÀ¤w Ncn-t{XW Úm\-amÀ¤w N\m- Z- X yY a\- X mXv {XmW- \ m- · {´ kÀhm- N yky
aXx hmNIx
5. XYm-t[ym-t\\ sshcmLy ssaizcyw kzky- 13. tkm`-b -k ymky tZhky hn{Ktlm b{´-I -
]q-P -\ mXv XYm cmXyky cmamJy `phn kymZY ev]\m hn\m bt{´W tNXv ]qPm tZhXm \ {]ko-
XXzXx ZXn
6. cat´ tbmKn-t\m-\t´ \nXy-\tµ NnZm-ß\n Nn·-b\pw AZzn-Xo-b-\p-amb {_Òw tZh-c-ln-X\pw
CXn cma ]tZ-\mku ]c-{_-Òm`n [obtX Awi-c-ln-X\pw AZzn-Xo-b\pw {]mIr-X\pw BsW-¦nepw
Nn·-b\ - mb alm-hnjvWp cLp hwi-P-\mb Zi-c-Ya - - `à- ·m-cpsS B{Klw \nd-th-äm³ At±lw BImcw kzoI-
lm-cm- Pm-hnsâ ]p{X- \mbn P\n- ¨-t¸mÄ At±- l-¯nsâ t]Pv cn-¡p-¶p. ]c-am-ß-kz-cq-]-¯n ØnXn sN¿p¶ tZh-
cma³ F¶m-bn-cp-¶p. hnZzm-·mÀ cma-i_vZw hymJym-\n-¨p- ·mÀ¡p am{X-amWv ]pcp-j³ kv{Xo AwKw Akv{Xw F¶o
sIm­v C§s\ ]d-ªn-«p-­v. `qan-bn Ignªv kÖ-\- cq]-§-fn k¦-ev]-ap-ÅXv `K-hmsâ kmIm-c-cq]w hyXy-
§-fpsS B{K-l§-sfbpw ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-¡p-¶-h\pw cmPm- kvX-§-fmb Ah-Xm-c-§-fn c­v \mev Bdv F«v ]{´­v
hnsâ cq]-¯n tim`n-¡p-¶-h\ - p-amWv cma³. cm£-k- ]Xn-\mdv ]Xn- s\«v ssIIÄ Ds­¶v hÀ®n- ¨n- cn-¡p-¶p. Ah-
·mÀ¡v Bcp apJm-´ncw acWw `hn¨p At±lw cma-\m- bn `K-hm³ iwJ-N-{Im-Zn-IÄ [cn-¨n-«p-­v. F¶m hniz-
Wv. A`n-cm-a-\m-b-Xp-sIm-­mWv cma-s\¶p ]d-bs - ¸-Sp-¶- cq]w [cn- ¡p-t¼mÄ At\Iw ssIIÄ tNcp-¶p. Cu FÃm-

N P
 796
I cq-]-§Ä¡v hn`n¶ \nd-§epw hN-\m-Zn-I-fp-ap-­v. hn`n-¶-
i-àn-Ifpw Bbp-[-§fpw `K-hm-\p-­v. A§s\ kqcy³
KW-]Xn ZpÀ¤ XpS-§nb cq]-§-fn hn-hn-[Iev]\ - -IÄ
D­v. hr£m-Zn-P-U] - -ZmÀ°-§-fp-sSbpw {_Òmhp hsc-
bpÅ tZh-X-I-fp-sSbpw hmNIw cma-a{´w Xs¶. a{´-Zo-
£-kzo-I-cn¨v th­-hn[w km[-\-sN-bvXm `K-hXv {]km-
Z-ap-­m-Ip-¶p. A`o-ã-kn-²n-¡mbn km[-I-·mÀ a{´-Zo£
kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p. a\\w {XmW\pw Ch-bpsS KpW-hn-tijw
tNÀ¶-Xm-Ib - m-emWv a{´w F¶ t]À kn²n-¨Xv kÀh
A`n-t[-b-§-fp-sSbpw hmNIw a{´-am-W.v kv{Xo ]pcp-j-cq-
]-¯n {]Xn-jvTn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶ `K-hm\v hn{K-l-b{´w
cNn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. ImcWw b{´À¨\ IqSm-sX-bpÅ
AÀ¨\ tZh-·m-cpsS {]oXn¡v ]cym-]X v -a-Ã.
c­mw D]-\n-j¯v
1. tkmhÀ`qÀtPym-XnÀ½-tbm-\´ cq]n tkzss\
h `mktX Poh-tXz-t\-Ztamw bky krãn-ØnXn
eb-k yN
2. Imc- W - t Xz\ Nn¨nàym cPx kXz Xtam
KpssW bssYh hm _oPØx {]mIr-XÝ alm-
{Zpax
3. XssYh cma _oPØw PK-tZ-X-Np-cm-Ncw cYm-
cqVm \p¯-bky ià-b-kvXn{k GhN CXn
4. koX-c mau X·-bm-h{X ]qPyu PmX-\ym`ymw
`ph-\ m\n Zznk]vX x ØnXm\n N {]l-X m-t\yh
tbjp XtXm cmtam am \thm amb-bm-[ymXv PKXv
{]mWm-bm-ß-t\-f kvs sa \ax kym¶-a -kvs sXIyw
{]h-tZXv {]miv KpW-t\-Xn.
kmIm-c-\mb ]c-ta-iz-c³ kzbw `px F¶v hnti-jn-
¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. At±lw kzbw BhnÀ`-hn-¡p-¶p. tPymXn-
·-b-\m-W-t±lw kmIm-c\pw A\-´-\p-am-W-t±-lw. tZi-Im-
em-Xo-X -\p-amWv ssNX-\y-i-àn-sIm­v {]mW-cq-]-¯ nÂ
FÃm tZl-Im-cn-I-fnepw hkn-¡p-¶p. kXzcPkvXtam KpW-
§-fm hnizw krãn¨v c£n¨v kwl-cn-¡p-¶-X-t±-l-am-W.v
Cu {]]-©hpw HmwIm-c-amb amb-cq]w Xs¶ {_Òm-
hnjvWp inh³ F¶o {XnaqÀ¯n-Ifpw krãn ØnXn
kwlm-c-Im-cn-Wn-I-fmb iàn- Ifpw FÃmw cmasâ c Imc-
¯n A[n-jvTn-X-am-Wv. _oP-a-{´-¯n koXbmIp¶
{]Ir-Xnbpw cma-\m-Ip¶ ]pcp-j-\p-a-S-§p-¶p. FÃm temI
hpw Cu c­p-t]-cn \n¶pw D­m-bn. cma³ eoe-tbmsS
kzbw a\p-jy-cq-]vX-Xn {]Xy£-am-b-XmWv hniz-{]m-W\pw
hnizm-ßm-hp-amb cma\v \a-kvImcw C§\w \a-kvI-cn¨v
KpW-§Ä¡pw ap¼v {]I-S-amb {_Ò-cq-]n-bmb cma-t\mSp
IqSn Xm³ GIo-`-hn-¨p-sIm­v Rm³ cma-cq-]-bmb {_Ò
Xs¶- bmWv F¶v D¨-cn-¡p-I.
N P
aq¶mw D]-\ n-j¯v K
1. kzÀ`q-c vtPym-XnÀ½-tbm-\´ cq]n tkzss\h
`mktX Poh-tXz-t\-Ztamw bky krãn-ØnXn eb-
kyN
2. Imc- W - t Xz\ NnÑà ym cPx kXz Xtam
KpssW bssYh hm _oPØx {]Ir-XÝ alm-
{Zpax
3. XssYh cma _oPØw PK-tZ-X-Np-cm-Ncw cYm
cqVm \p¯-bkyp ià-b-kvXn{k GhN CXn
4. koXm-cmau X·-bm-h{X ]qPyu PmX-\ym`ymw
`ph-\ m\n Zznk]vX x ØnXm\n N {]l-X m-t\yh
tbjp XtXm cmtam am \thm amb-bm-[ymXv PKXv
{]mWm-bm-ß-t\-f kvs sa \ax kym¶-a -kvs sXIyw
{]h-tZXv {]miv KpW-t\Xn
kmIm-c-\mb ]c-ta-iz-c³ kzbw `px F¶v hnti-jn-
¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. At±lw kzbw BhnÀ`-hn-¡p-¶p. tPymXn-
·-b-\m-W-t±lw kmIm-c\pw A\-´-\p-am-W-t±-lw. tZi-Im-
em-Xo-X -\p-amWv ssNX-\y-i-àn-sIm­v {]mW-cq-]-¯ nÂ
FÃm tZl-Im-cn-I-fnepw hkn-¡p-¶p. kXzcPkvXtam KpW-
§-fm hnizw krãn¨v c£n¨v kwl-cn-¡p-¶-X-t±-l-am-W.v
Cu {]]-©hpw HmwIm-c-amb ambm-cq]w Xs¶ {_Ò-
hnjvWp inh³ F¶o {XnaqÀ¯n-Ifpw krãn ØnXn-kw-
lm-c-Im- cn-Wn-I-fmb iàn-Ifpw FÃmw cmasâ c Imc-¯nÂ
A[n-jvTn-X-am-Wv. _oP-a-{´-¯n koX-bm-Ip¶ {]Ir-
Xnbpw cma-\m-Ip¶ ]pcp-j-\p-a-S-§p-¶p. FÃm temIhpw
Cu c­p-t]-cn \n¶pw D­m-bn. cma³ eoe-tbmsS kzbw
a\p-jy- cq- ]-¯n {]I-S-am-b-XmWv hniz- {]m-W\pw hnizm-ßm-
hp-amb cma\v \a-kvImcw C§s\ \a-kvIc - n¨v KpW-
§Ä¡pw ap¼v {]I-S-amb {_Ò-cq-]n-bmb cma-t\mSp IqSn
Xm³ GIo-`- hn-¨p-s¡m­v Rm³ cma- cq-]n-bmb {_Ò Xs¶-
bmWv F¶v D¨-cn-¡p-I.
aq¶mw D]-\ n-j¯v
1. Poh-hmNn \tam \ma Nmßm cmtaXn KobtX
XZm-ßnIm bm NXpÀ°o XYm NmtbXn KobtX
2. at{´mbw hmNtIm cmtam hmNy kymtZymK
GXtbm ^e-Z-ssÝh kÀthjmw km[-Im\mw \
kwibx
3. bYm \mao hmN-tI\ \mav\m-tbm`n aptJm-`-
thXv XYm Pohm-ßtIm at{´m a{´ntWm `thXv
4. _oP-iànw \ytk Zz£ hmatbm at[y-f-hn-
\m-`mayx kz hmRvOm hn\n-tbm-K-hm³
5. kÀthjm tah a{´Wmw Gj km[m-c W
{Iax A{X cmtam-f-\´
- -cq]x kvtXPkm hÓn\m
kax
 797
I 6. kXz- \ p-j v W Kp hntizÝ Zán-t jm- am-ß Iw
PKXv Dev]¶ koXbm `mXn N{µ-Ý-{µn-Ibm bYm
7. {]IrXym klnXx iymax ]oX-hmkm PSm-[cx
Zzn`pPx IpÞ-eo-cXv\ ameo [otcm [\p-jv[cx
8. {]k-¶-h -Zt\m tPXm Lrj-ã I hn`q-j nXx
{]IrXym ]c-ta-izcym PK-tZym-\ym-¦n-Xmw-K-`qXv
9. tlam-`bm Zzn`p-Pbm kÀhmew IrXbm NnXm
Çnãx Iae [mcnWym ]pãx tImk-e-Pm-ßPx
Bßmhv cma³ aptJ-\-bmWv {]Xn-]m-Zn-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-
¶Xv \ax F¶Xv Poh-hm-NI - -am-Ip-¶p. cma-t\mSv tNÀ¶n-cn-
¡p-¶-Xn-\m Poh-sâbpw Bßm-hn-sâbpw GI-`mhw
hyà- am- ¡n-bn-cn-¡p- ¶p. cmam-b- \ax F¶ a{´-¯m cma³
Xs¶ hmNyw c­n-sâbpw kt½-f-\-¯m kIe D]m-k-
I-·mÀ¡pw CÑn-X-amb ^ew kn²n-¡p-¶p. Hcmsf t]cp
]d-ªp- hn- fn- ¨m AbmÄ ASp¯p hcp-atÃm AXp-t]mse
_oP-a-{´-amb cma³ F¶p-¨c - n-¨m cma\pw km[-Isâ
ap¶n {]Xy-£o-`-hn-¡p-¶p. _oPs¯ Z£n-W-kvX-\-
¯nepw iànsb hma kvX\-¯nepw Ime-Is¯ lrZ-b-a-
[y-¯nepw \ykn¨v Ima\ e`n-¡p-hm³ hn\n-tbmKw sN¿p-
I. [ym\n- ¡p- t¼mÄ Zi-c-Y- ]p-{X-\mb {ioc-am-\n A\- ´\pw
Ahn-\m-in-bp-amb Cuiz-c³ F¶ `mh\ thWw At±-
ls¯ tXtPm-a-b-amb Aán-t]mse Icp-X- Ww. kuay-Im-
´n-tbmsS koX-k-ta-X-\m-bn- cn-¡p-t¼mÄ Aáo-tjm-am-ß- I-
amb hniz- ¯n\v Imc-W-am-Ip-¶p. N{µ³ N{µn-I- tbm-sSm¯v
Gsd tim`n-¡p-¶-X p-t]mse koX- k-ln-X-\mbn cma³
AXy´w tim`-tN-cp-¶p. Xsâ Blzm- Zn- \o- i-àn- bmb koX-
sbm¯v cma³ tim`n-¡p-¶p. At±lw iyma-f\pw ]oXmw-
_-c-[m-cnbpw PSm-[m-cnbpw IÀ®-§-en IpÞ-ehpw Igp-
¯n cXv\-am-ebpw AWn-ª-h-\p-am-Wv. Zzn`p-P-\m-Wv.
[oc\pw {]k-¶-ap-J-\p-am-Wv. [\À[-c-\mb At±lw bp²-
hn-P-bn-bm-W.v Assãy-iz-cy-kn²n tNÀ¶-h-\mWv he-Xp-`m-
K¯v e£va-W³ [\pÀ_m- W-[m-cn- bmbn \n¡p- ¶p. koXm-
tZ-hn-bn kÀhm-e-¦m-c-`q-jn-Xbpw ssIbn Xma-c-¸q-hp-
ambn hncm-Pn-¡p-¶p.
\memw D]-\n-j¯v
1. XssYh Xky a{´ky bky-W pÝ kztM
´bm Ghw {XntIm-W -c q-] wky ¯w tZhm tb
kam-b bpx
2. {ipXnw N{IpÝ PKXx ]Xnw Iev ] - X cu
ØnXw Ima-cq-]mb cmamb \tam ambm-a-bmb N
3. \tam thZm-Zn-cq-]mb Hm¦m-cmb \tam \ax cam-
[-cmb cmamb {iocm-am-bm-ß-aqÀ¯tb
4. Pm\Io tZl `qjmb ct£m-L v\mb ip`m-
Knt\ `{Zm-b-c-Lp-ho-cmb Zim-kym-´-I-cq-]ntW
N P
5. cma-`{Z atl-izmk cLp-hoc \rt]m-¯a K
cmam-b-\ax F¶ a{´w {XntIm-Wm-ß- I-am-sW¶v k¦-
ev]w. Hcn-¡Â tZh-·mÀ {iocm-as\ ImWm³ t]mbn. B
L«-¯n At±lw Iev] hr£- ¨p-h-«n Ccn-¡p-I-bm-bn-
cp-¶p. tZh-·mÀ At±-ls¯ kvXpXn-¨p. Ima- cq-]\pw ambm-
a-b\pw Bb cma\v \a-kI v m-cw. thZm´ thZy\pw Hm¦m-c-
kz-cq-]\pw Pm\-Io-\m-Y\pw cmh-Wm-´- I\pw \rt]m-¯- a-\p-
amb cma\v \a-kI v m-cw.
A©mw D]-\ n-j¯v
1. t`mZ-i m-ky-´-Im-kvaI c£mw tZln {inbw
NtX
2. Xzssa-izcyw Zm]-bmY k{k-Xym-iz-cn-am-c Ww
IpÀhn-Xn-kvXpXy tZhmZy kvtX\ kmÀ²w kpJw
ØnXm
3. kv X ph- t Xyhw ln Ejbx kv X Zm cmhW
Akpcx cma-]Xv\nw h\m-`ymwb kz\nÀhr-XyÀ°-
am-ZtZ
4. k cmhW CXn JymtXm bZ[m cmam¨ cmhW
XZv hymtP- \ - £ nXpw koXmw cmtam e£v a W
Gh N
5. hntN-cX
- p-kvXZm `qau tZhnw kwZr-iy-Nm-kpcw
lXzm I_Ôw i_co KXzm Xkym-Ú-bm-XY
6. ]qPntXm hmbp ]pt{XW `tà\ N I]o-izcw
Blqb imkvXmw kÀh amZy´w cma-e-£vaWu
7. kXp-c mta i¦nXx kk {]Xy-bmÀ°w NZp-
µpt` hn{Klw ZÀi-bm-amk tbm cma-kvX-a-Nn-£n]vXv
8. k]vX kmem³ hn`n-Zymip tamZtX cmL-h-
kvXZm tX\ krãx I]o-t{µm-fku k cma-kvXky
]¯\w
9. PKma KÀP-Z-\ptPm hment\m thKtXm Krlm-
Xzmeo XZm \nÀP-Kma Xw hmen-\-a-Ym-ltXz
10. \nlXy cmLthm cmtPy kp{Kohw Ømh-
tb- ¯ X
AÃtbm cmh-Wm-´I R§sf c£n-¡p-I. R§Ä
¡v sFizcyw \ÂIpI F¶v AhÀ kvXpXn-¨p. Jc-h[ - -
¯n- \p-tijw Ejn-amÀ At±-ls¯ kvXpXn-¨p. Jcm-[n-I-
fpsS h[-¯n\p tijw cmh-W³ h¶v koXsb A]-l-cn-
¨p. cma-i-_vZ-¯n cbpw h\-i-_vZ-¯n \n¶pw h\hpw
FSp-¯m cmh-W-s\¶ t]cp-­m-Ip-¶p. AsÃ-¦n aäp-
Å-hsc Ic-bn- ¸n-¡pI \nan-¯hpw cmh-W-s\¶ \maw In«n.
koXm-]-l-c-W-¯n\p tijw tZhnsb At\z-jn¨p \S-¡p-
t¼mÄ I_-Ô-s \¶ cm£-ks\ sIm¶p i_-cnsb
kµÀin-¨p. Ah-fpsS BXnYyw kzoI-cn-¨p. hmbp-]p-{X-
 798
I \mb l\pams\ ZÀin-¨p. l\p-am³ kp{Ko-hs\ Iq«n-
s¡m­p h¶v kJyw sN¿n-¨p. cmasâ ]cm-{I-a-s¯-¸än
kp{Ko-h³ kwibw {]I-Sn- ¸n-¨-t¸mÄ cma³ _men-bmÂ
sImÃ-s¸« Zpµp-`n-bpsS tZlw ImWn-¨p-sIm-Sp-¯p. sRmSn-
bn-S-bn cma³ AXv Zqsc hen-s¨-dn-ªp. Hcp _mWw
sIm­v k]vX-km-e-§Ä t`Zn- ¡- s¸- «p. _mensb bp²- ¯n\p
hnfn-¨p. _menbpw tLmc-KÀÖ-\-t¯msS bp²-¯n\v ]pd-
s¸-«p. bp²-¯n cma³ _mensb h[n¨v InjvIn-Ôm-cm-P-
knw- lm-k-\¯
- n kp{Ko-h³ A`n-jn-à-\m-bn.
Bdmw D]-\n-j¯v
1. lcn-\m-lqb kp{Koh aml-Nm-i-hn-tZym-[y\m
2. BZmb ssaYn-eo-aZy ZZ-Xm-izmip KÑXx XX
kvXXmc l\pam \_v[nw e¦mw kam-bbu
3. koXmw Zrãzm-kp-c³ lXzm ]pcw ZKv[zm XYm
kzbw BK-Xy-cm-taW kl \yth-Z-bX XXzXx
4. XZm cmax t{Im[ cq]n XmXm lqbm Y hm\-
c³ ssXx kmÀ[-am-Zm-bm-k{v XwÝ ]pcow e¦mw kam-
bbu
5. Xmw Zrãzm XZ-[o-ti\ kmÀ²w bp²-a-Im-c-bXv
LS t{im{X kl-{km£ PnZv` ymw bpàw Xam-
lth
6. lXzm hnZo- j Ww X{X kwØm- ] y- P - \ - I m-
ßPmw BZm-bm-¦-ØnXm IrXzm kz]p-c w-ssXÀP-
Km- ak
7. [rX- k nw-l m- k - \ Øx k Zzn`ptPm {]k-
¶mßm kÀhm-`-cW `qjnX
8. ap{Zmw Úm\-abnw bmtay hmta tXP {]Im-
in\ow [rXzm ZymJym-\-\n-cXx ÝnXzbx ]c-ta-izcx
kp{Ko-h³ hm\-c-·msc hnfn¨v \n§Ä¡v Adn-ªp-
Iq-Sm¯ Zn¡p-IÄ D­m-hn- söpw thKw ChnsS \n¶v ]pd-
s¸«v koXm-tZ-hnsb At\z-jn-¡-W-sa¶p DS³ cma\v
hnhcw sImSp-¡-W-sa¶p \nÀt±-in¨p ]ns¶ l\p-am³
kap{Zw NmSn e¦-bn-se-¯n. koXsb I­p. At\Iw cm£-
O-k-·msc sIm¶p e¦ `kva-am-¡n. WS-§n-h¶v cmas\
hnh-c-a-dn-bn¨p XpSÀ¶v cma³ tIm]-t¯msS bp²w Bcw-
`n-¨p. Ipw`-IÀ®³ sImÃ-s¸-«p. ]ns¶ C{µ-Pn¯pw cmh-
W\pw sImÃ-s¸-«p. hn`o-jW - s\ e¦m-[n-]X
- n-bm-¡n. koX-
sbmSpw hm\-c-·m-tcmSpw IqSn cma³ Atbm-[y-bn-se-¯n,
knwlm-k-\m-cq-V-\mbn At±-l-¯nsâ he¯p ssIbnÂ
Úm\-ap-{Zbpw CSpX ssIbn [\qÀa-bn-hn-Zy-bp-ap-­v.
C§s\ Zzn`p-P-[m-cn-bmb {iocm-a³ kzbw hymJym-\-ap-{Z-
bn ØnXn sN¿p-¶p.
N P
9. DZKv Z£n-Wtbm kzky i{XpLv\ `cXu [rX K
l\p-a´w N t{imXmc a{KXx kymXv {XntIm-WIw
10. `c-Xm-[kvX p kp{Kohw i{Xp-Lv\ mt[m hn`o-
jWw ]Ýnta e£Ww Xky [rX-Ñ{Xw NNm-acw
11. XZkvX u Xme-hr-I X Icu {Xy{kw ]p\ÀZ-
[X Ghw jSvtIm-W-am-Zukz ZoÀLmw-ssK-cmj
kwbpXx
12. ZznXobw hmkp- t Z- h mss\y cmtá- ¿ m- Z njp
kwbpXx XrXobw hmbp-kq\pw N kp{Kohw `cXw
XYm
13. hn`o-jWw e£vaWw Nw KZw-Nmcn hnaÀ±\w
Pmw_-h´w N ssXcypà kvXtXm [rãnÀ P.-b-
´Ix
14. hnP- b - Ý - k p- c m- ã Ý cm{ã- h À²\ Gh N
AtimtIm [À½-]m-eÝ kpa-ss{´-tc-`n-cm-hrXx
16. _ln-kvXZ- m-bpss[x ]qtPym \oemZn ka-e w-
IrXx hknjvT hma-tZ-hmZn ap\n`nx kap-]m-knX
{ioc-amsâ hS-¡p-`m-K¯v i{Xp-Lv\\pw he¯v `c-
X\pw \n¡p¶ l\p-am³ ap¼n ARvP-eo-_-²-\mbn
\n¡p-¶p. CXpw {XntImW ØnXn- b-em-Wv. `c- Xsâ Xmsg
kp{Ko-h³ i{Xp-Lm-\sâ Xmsg hn`o-j-W³, cmasâ ]pd-
In e£va-a-W³ O{Xhpw Nma-c-hp-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. `c-X-
i-{Xp-Lv\-·m-cpsS ssIbn Xme-hr-´- ap-­v. `c-X-e-£va-W-
i-{Xp-Lv\-·mÀ {Xn-tIm-W-Øn-Xn-bm-e-W.v cma³ _oP-a-{´m-
hr-X-\m-W.v cmaâ v Btá-bmZn Zn¡p-I-fn hmkp-tZ-h³,
k¦Àj-W³, im´n, kc-kz-Xn, {io {]Zyp-av³, A\n-cp-²³
cXn F¶n-h-cp-­v. cma³ Ah-scm¯v ZznXo-bm-h-c-W-¯n-em-
Wv. `c-X³, i{Xp-Lv\³, e£va- W³, l\p-am³, kp{Ko-h³,
AwK-Z³, Pmw_-hm³, hn`o-j-W³, F¶n-hÀ cma-s\m¸w
DÅ-t¸mÄ {XnXo-bm-h-c-W-ap-­ m-Ip-¶p. cm{ã-hÀ²-\³,
Atim-I³, kpcm-ã³ Lrãn, Pb-´³, hnP-b³, kpa-
´³, [À½-]m-e³, F¶n-h- tcm- sSm¸w D­m-bn- cn-¡p-t¼mgpw
XrXo-bm-h-cWw Xs¶. At¸mÄ {_Òm-hv, C{µ³, Aán,
ba³, hcp-W³, hmbp, N{µ³, \nIr-Xn, A\-´³, Cuiz-
c³, F¶o ]¯p-Zn-I] v m-e-·m-cm {iocm-a³ kam-hr-X-\m-
bn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ NXpÀ°m-h-cWw kwPm-X-am-Ip-¶p. Cu
ZnIv]m-e-·m-cpsS ]pd-h-i¯v At±-l¯nsâ Bbp[§-em-
Wv. CtX Bh-c-W-¯n \f³ XpS-§n-bpÅ hm\-c· - mÀ
`K-hms\ kptim-`n-X-\m-¡p-¶p. Ah-tcm-sSm¸w hkn-jT v ³
hma-tZ-h³ XpS-§nb alÀjn-amcpw {iocm-asâ D]m-k-\-
bn eo\-cmbn Ign-bp-¶p.
Ggmw D]-\n-j¯v
1. Gh- a p- t ±- i Xx t{]màw \nÀt±- i - k v X ky
Nm[p\m {XntcJm ]pS-a m-e nJy at[y Xmc- Zzbw
entJX
 799
I 2. X·t²y _oP-am-teJyw XZ[x km[y-am-en-tJX
ZznXo-b m-´ wN XtkymÀ[zw jjvTy´w km[Iw
XYm
3. Ipcp-Zzbw NXXv ]mÀtiz entJXv _oPm-´tc
camw XXv kÀhw {]mW-hm`ymw N thãnXw _p²n
_p²n-am³
4. ZoÀL-`mPn jU-t{kXp entJXv _oPw lrZm-
Zn`nx tImW-] mÀtiz cam-amtb XZ-t{K-\ w-K-amen
tJX
5. t{Im[w tImWm-{Km-´-tcjp enJy-a-´y-ZntXm
Kncw hr¯-{Xbw kmã-]{Xw ktcm-tP-hn-en-tJXv
kzcm³
6. tIk-tc-jyã ]t{X N hÀ¤m-ã-I-at- Ym-Ãn-tJXv
tXjp amem at\m-hÀ®m³ entJ ZpÀ½-kw-Jybm
7. At´ ]©m-£-cm-t\hw ]p\-c-ã-Zfw entJXv
tXjp- \ m-c m-b - W m-ã mÀ®w-e n-t JXv XXv tIktc
camw
8. XZv _lnÀ ZzmZi Zfw hnen-tJXv ZzmZ-im-£cw
XtYmw \tam `K-htX hm kptZ-hmb C{Xbw
ASp-¯Xv ]qPm-b{- ´- ¯nsâ \nÀt±-i-amWv ka-tc-J-
I-f psS c­p {XntIm-W -ap-­ m¡n Ah-b psS \Sp¡v
{]tXyIw {]tXyIw {]Whw Fgp-X-Ww. ]ns¶ Ah c­n-
sâbpw at[y BZy-_o-P-sa-gp-X-Ww. AXnsâ Xmsg GXv
Imcyw km[n-¡-Wtam AsX-gp-X-Ww. km[y-¯nsâ t]cv
ZzXo-bm-´-am-bn-cn-¡-Ww. BZy-_o-P-¯nsâ apI-fn km[-
Isâ \maw jãy-´-am-bn-cn-¡-Ww. ]ns¶ _oP-¯nsâ
A§p-an-§p-ambn Hmtcm Ipcp-]Zw hc-¡-Ww. _oP-¯nsâ
a[y-¯nepw km[y-¯nsâ apI-fnepw {io teJ\w sN¿-
Ww. Ch-sbÃmw c­p {]W-h-§-fnepw tNÀ¶n-cn-¡-Ww.
]ns¶ Bdp tImWp-I-fnepw ZoÀL-kz-c-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Snb aqe-
_oPw Fgp-X-Ww. Hmtcm-¶n-sâbpw IqsS lrZ-bmb \ax
F¶p inc-Êp-sIm­v kzmlm F¶p Fgp-X-Ww. tImW-§-
fpsS hi-¯mbn {iow, {low, ¢ow F¶v Fgp-X-Ww. tImW-
¯nsâ ap³`m-K-¯mbn lpw F¶pw lpw sâ Ccp-h-i-§-
enepw sFw F¶pw Fgp-X- Ww. ]ns¶ aq¶v hr¯-ap- ­m¡n
hr¯-§-tfm-sSm¸w Xs¶ Aã-Z-f-I-aew D­m-¡-Ww. Ih-
e-¯nsâ tIk-c-¯n c­-£cw hoX-apÅ FÃm kzc-
hÀ®-§-sfbpw {Ia-ambn Fgp-Xp-I. Ih-e-¯nsâ Aã-Z-
f-§-fn Bdp-hÀ®-§Ä hoXw {Ia-ambn Fgp-X-Ww. amem
a{´-¯nse \mev]-¯n-tbgv hÀ®-§Â ]qÀ¯n- bm-¡m³
F«m- as¯ Zf-¯n A©p hÀ®- §tf tijn-¡p- I- bp-Åq.
Cu coXn-bn ho­pw Hcp Iaew XoÀ¯v AXnsâ F«p-Z-
f-§-enepw Hmw \tam \mcm-b-Wmb F¶ a{´- ¯nsâ Hmtcm
A£cw hoXw Fgp-X-Ww. AXnsâ tIk-c-¯Â {io
Fs¶gpX-Ww. apI-f n ]{´­p Zf-§ -fpÅ Iaew
N P
K
\nÀ½n¨v Hmtcm Zf-§-fnepw ZzmZ-im-£- c-a-{´- amb Hmw \tam
`K-htX hmkp-tZ-hmb F¶v Hcp A£cw hoXw Fgp-XpI.
F«mw D-] -\n-j¯v
1. BZn- £ m-´ m³ tIk-t cjp hr¯m-I m- tcW
kwen- tJXv XZv _ lnx tjmU-i -Z fw enJy XXv
tIktc {lnbw
2. hÀ½m-kv{X-\ Xn kwbpàm Ztejp ZzmZ-im-
£cw XXv kÔnjz cPm-Zo\mw a{´m³ a{´o kam-
en-tJX
3. lpw, krw, `pw, hpw, epw, ipw, Ppw N entJXv
kayIv XtXm _lnx Zzm{Xnw-imcw alm-]ßw \mZ-
_nµp kam-bpXw
4. hnen-tJXv a{´ cmPmÀ®w kvtXjp ]t{Xjp
bXv\Xx [ymtb Zã hkp-t\Im Zi cp{ZmwÝ X{X
ssh
5. ZzmZ-ti-\mwÝ XtXm _lnw `pKrlw h{P-iq-
emVyw tcJm-{Xb ka-\znXw
6. Zzmtcm-t]Xw N cmáymZn `qjnXw ^Wn-kp-
bpXw A\t´m hmkp-In-ssÝh X£x IÀt¡m-S-
] - ß Ix al m- ] - c - a Ý i w J Ý Kpf n- t Imã u
{]IoÀ¯nXm
"A' apX £ hsc-bpÅ hÀ®-§Ä Aã-Z-f-I-a-e-
¯nsâ tIk-c-§-fn hr¯m-Im-c-¯n-se-gp-Xp-I. AXnsâ
]pdta ho­pw ]Xn-\m-dp-Z-f-§-fpÅ Iaew XoÀ¯v tIk-c-
¯n {low Fs¶-gp-X- Ww. AXnsâ ]Xn-\m-dp-Z-f-§-fn-tem-
tcm-¶nepw Hmtcm A£cw F¶ {Ia-¯n lpw ^Sv \ax
F¶pw ZzmZ-im-£c a{´hp Fgp-X-Ww. Zf-§-fpsS kÔn-
I-fn l\p-am-s\-t¸m-epÅ hoc-]p-cp-j-·m-cpsS _oP-a{´w
Fgp-X-Ww. ]pdsa \mZ-_n-µp- thmSp IqSnb ap¸-¯n-c­p Zf-
§-fpÅ hnim-e-I-aew \nÀ½n-¡-Ww. Zf-§-fn Aã-h-kp-
¡Ä GIm- Z-i-cq-{Z-·mÀ ZzmZ-im-Zn-Xy-·mÀ F¶n- h- scbpw kÀ¸-
s¯bpw [cn-¡p¶ hj-SvIm-c-Nn-Óhpw [ym\hpw sN¿-Ww.
32 Zf-§-fpÅ Cu Ia-e-¯nsâ ]pd¯v Zq]pc b{´w
\nÀ½n¨v AXnsâ \mep-`m-K¯pw h{Phpw tImWp-I-fnÂ
iqehpw AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯-Ww. Zq]p-cs¯ aq¶p tcJ-I-
tfmSv tbmPn-¸n-¡-Ww. Cu tcJ-IÄ kXz-c-P-kX v tam KpW-
§sf kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. aÞ- ]-¯n-teXp t]mse CXn\pw
Ihm-S-§Ä thWw. Zq]p-c-¯n cmin apX-em-bh XoÀ¯v
AXns\ aäp `mK-§-fp-ambn LSn-¸n-¡-Ww.
H³]Xmw D]-\n-j¯v
1. Ghw aÞ-h-am-enJy Xky [n£p
hnZn£p N
 800
I 2. \c-knwlw N hmcmlw entJXv a{´ Zzbw
cmYm IqtSm tcYm- \ p- { K- t lµp \mZ- i - à ymZn
`nÀbpXx
3. tbm\-knwlx kam-JytXm Krl-am-c-WI
- À½Wn
At´ymÀ[oi hnbZv _nµp \mZ-_oPw N kuIcw
4. lp¦mcw Nm{X-cm-aky amem-a-t{´m-f-[p-t\-cnXx
Xmtcm-\X
- nÝ \n{Zmbmx kqXnÀta Zi-Im-anIm
5. cpt{ZW kwbp-Xm-h-ÓnÀ ta[m-a-c-hn-`q-j nXm
ZoÀLm-{Iq-c-Ir-Xm-lymZn tXym ZoÀL-\ -am-\Im
6. £[m t{Im[n-\y-tam-LmN hniz-a-]yY ta[bm
bpàm ZoÀLm Pzmen-\ ob kpkq£v am arXyp
cq]nWn
7. k {]Xnãw lymZn-\o-Xz-XIv t£zfx {]oXnÝ
k mac m tPymX n k v X o£ vW má n kw bpà m
tizXm\pkzm-c -k w-bpXm
8. ImanIm ]©-aq-em´x Xm´m´x [m´ CXyY
kkm-\t´m ZoÀL-bp{Xm hmbpx kq£va-bp-tXm-
hnjx
9. ImanIm ImanIm cp{Z bpàm-tYmY Øncm-
kzkm Xm]n\o ZoÀL-bpàm `q X\-temtá \nex
10. \mcm-b -W m-ß Ix Ime {]mWmw t`mhn-Zy-bm-
bpXx ]oXm-c-Xn-kvXYm emt´m tbm\ym-b ptàm
´tXm \Xnx
11. k]vX NXzm-cnw-iZv hÀ®-Kp-Wm´ k KpWx
kzbw cmPym-`n-jn-àky Xky cma-tkym-à-{I-am-
Ãn-tJXv
12. CZw kÀhm-ßIw b{´w {]mbp-à-ar-jntk
hnXm tkh- I m\mw tam£- I c ambp- c m- t cm- K y-
hÀ²\w
13. A]p-{XmWmw ]p{XZw N _lp\m Ina-t\\
ssh {]m]v\p-h´n £WmXv kay Kap{X [À½m-Zn-
Im-\ ]n
14. CZw clkyw ]ca hoiz-tc-Wm]n ZpÀKaw CZw
b{´w kam-Jymam \ tZbw {]mIrtX Pt\ CXn
±q]p-c-b{´w hc-¨-Xn-\ptijw AXnsâ \mep Zn¡p-
I-fnepw \mc-knwl _oP-a{- ´hpw tImW-§-en ]{´­p
_oP-a-{´hpw Fgp-X-Ww. A\p-{K-lw, Cµp-\mZw iàn apX-
em-h-tbmSp IqSnb A£-c-a{´w Xs¶-bmWv \mc-knw-l-
_o-P-a-{´w. Cu a{´w i{Xp-kw-lm-I-c\pw {Kl-_m-[-IÄ
\in-¸n-¡p-¶Xpw CÑn-X-Imcyw km[n-¡p-¶-Xp-am-Wv. A´y-
hÀ®w A[o-i-_nµp \mZw iàn apX-em-b-h-tbmSp IqSnb
lpwhm- cm-l- a- {´-am-Wv. cmasâ amem-a- {´-am- sW- ¦n AXnÂ
BZyw {]Whw \ax \n{Z kvarXn ta[, ImanI F¶n-h-bm-
N P
Wv. AXv cp{Z-bp-àhpw ]n¶oSv Aa-c-¯m Aew-Ir- X-amb
K
Aánbpw ta[-bp-am-Wv. ]n¶oSv A{Iqcw tNÀ¶ ZoÀL-I-
e-bm-W.v ]ns¶ lymZn-\n. AXn-\p-tijw am\Z F¶ Ie-
bm hn`q-jn-X-amb ZoÀL-Ie - . ]n¶oSv £p[. A§\
s#Hmw \tam `K-htX cLp-\-µ\ - mb F¶m-bn. ]n¶oSv
t{Im[n\n Ata-L-ta[ F¶n-h-tbmSp IqSnb hniz-am-Wv.
]ns¶ ZoÀLw Pzmen\n kq£vaw tNÀ¶-Xm-Wv. ]n¶oSv
{]XnjvT tNÀ¶ {]Wh Ie. ]ns¶ lymZn-\nbpw Xz¡pw,
ChnsS ct£mLv\ hni-Zmb F¶v ]qÀ¯n-bm-Ip-¶p.
]n¶oSv t£zf {]oXn Aacw tPymXn Aán kwbp-à-amb
Xo£va A\p-kzm-c-bp-à-amb tizX ]n¶oSv Iman-I, h bpw
Z bpw A\-´- bp-à-amb \bpw ZoÀL-bp-à-amb hmbphpw
kq£va CImcw Øncbpw Gbps# am{Xm-bp-à-amb k
bpw BIp-¶p. CXn \n¶p a[p-c- {]-k¶ hZ-\-\mb Aan-
X-tX-PtÊ Bbn-¯oÀ¶p. A\-´cw Xm]n\n ZoÀL-`qhpw
A\n-e-bn \n¶ _ebpw D­m-bn. ]ns¶ A\-´³ A\-
e³ \mcm-bW - m-ß-I-amb aImcw {]mW-\n \n¶ cab
Chbpw hnZym-a-b-amb Aw`Êv ]oX-c-Xn, GbpsS am{Xm-bp-
àam h BWv. CXn \n¶v hnjvWpth D­mbn HSp-hnÂ
\ax bpw {]Whpw CXv \mev]¯n Gg-£-c-apÅ cmPym-`n-
jn-à-cm-as\ kw_- Ôn-¡p¶ amem-a-{´- am-W.v kKp-W-\m-
sW-¦nepw cma³ km[-I-·m-cpsS {XnKp-W- §-sfbpw \in¸n-
¡p-¶- h-\m-Wv. Cu a{´w {Ia-ambn Fgp-X- Ww. a{´w kÀhm-
ß-I-am-W.v ]­s¯ hnZzm-·mÀ CXv ]dªp sImSp-¯n-«p-
­v. CXv tkhn-¡p¶ km[-I· - mÀ¡v BbpÊpw Btcm-
Kyhpw hÀ²n-¡pw. HSp-hn kwkm-c-ap-ànbpw e`n-¡pw.
]p{X- lo-\-·mÀ¡v ]p{X- em`w D­m-Ipw. [À½-Úm-\-ssh-
cmKy sFizcym-Zn-kÀhm-`o-ã-§epw CXn-\m e`n-¡pw.
tKm]-\o-b-am-Wn-Xv. Zo£ Bh-iy-am-W.v A\-[n-Im-cn-IÄ¡v
CXv D]-tZ-in-¡m³ ]mSn-Ã.
]¯mw D]-\ n-j¯v
1. Hmw `qXm-ZnIw tim`-tbXv Zzmc-]qPmw IrXzm-]-
Zvam-Zym-k-\Øx {]k¶x AÀ¨mhn[mhky[ tcm-
[yw-]mÀizmÀ¨\w a[y-]-ßmÀ¨\w N
2. IrXzm apZp-Ç £vWp kpXq-en-Imbm cXv\ m-k-
t\-tZ-in-I-aÀ¨-bnXzm iànw Nm[m-cm-JyImw IqÀ½-
\mKu ]rYn-hy-_tP kzmkm-\mYx {]Iev]y
3. hnLv \ w ZpÀ¤mw t£{X- h mew NhmWow
_oPmZnImw-Ý mánw tZim-Zn-I mwÝ ]oT-kym-{Ln-
tjzh [À½m-Zn-ImwÝ XXzm ]qÀhmw-kvX-k vXky
`n£zmÀ¨-tb¨
4. at{[-{I-am-Zà hn[zán tXPmw kyph ]Xyw
]XymZn ssaÀ¨n-Xm\n cPx kXzw Xa GXm\n hr¯-
{Xbw _oPVyw {IamZv `mh-tb¨
 801
I 5. Bim-J ymiz kz]y-Y m-ß m\ a´x Úm\m-
ßm\w NmÀ¨-tb-¯ky `n£p-am-bm-hntZy tb Iem
]mc-X tXm
6. kw]q-P-tbXv hna-e m-ZymÝ iàn c`yÀ¨-tb-
t±- h - a m- h m- l - t b¨ AwK- h yp- l m\n Pem- s sZzÝ
]qPy [ymãym-Zn-ssIÀ temI ]msse kvXZkv{Xw
7. hkn-jvTmssZyÀap\n-`nÀ \oe-apssJy cmcm-[-
tbZv cmLhw Nµ-\mssZy aptJym-h-lm-sscÀ hnhn-
ss[Ý ]qssPy kvX kvs sa P]m-ZnwÝ kayIv
ka]y
8. Ghw `qXw PK-Zm-[m-c-`q-Xw-cmaw htµ k¨n-Zm-
\-µ -c q]w KZmZn iwJw-_ vP - [ cw `hXn k tbm
[ymtb-t·m-£-am-]vt\mXn kÀhx
9. hniz-g ym]o cmL- thmYm XZm\ow aµÀZt[
iwJ-Nt{I KZm_vtP IrXzm cam-k-lnXx kmµ-PÝ
k]-Xv\Px km\pKx kÀh-temIo
10. XZv `àmb e_v[-Im-amÝ apàzm cYm-] Zw
]caw bm´n tX b Cam ENx kÀh-Im-amÀ°-ZmÝ
tb ]T-\ yp-a em bm´n tam£w Nn·-t b- k v an³
kv{Xtbm-Zi kz`qÀ tPymXnx Xn{kx koXm-cm-am-th-
I-P o-h-hmNo jSvjSv `nx `qXm-Zn-I-t a-Im-Zi ]©-J-
tÞjp {Xn\-hXn
Zzmc-]qP Ignªv ]ßm-k-\-¯ntem atä-sX-¦nepw
Bk-\-¯ntem Ccp¶v ]©-`qX ip²n sN¿-Ww. cma-]q-
Pm-hn-[n-bn knwlm-k-\-¯nsâ ]pd-In-epÅ Xmgs¯
`mKw apI- fn-es¯ `mKw Ch c­p ]mÀiz- §Ä F¶n- hbpw
1 kt\ym- t km- ] - \ n- j ¯v 3
im´n]mTw
Hmw. A]ymb´p aamwKm\n hmIv {]mW
ÝIjpx t{im{XatYm _eanµnbmWn. NkÀ
hmWn. kÀhw {_tÒm ]\njZw amlw {_Ò
\ncmItcmZ\ncmIcW akvXp A\ncmIcWw ta
A k vX p X Z mß \ n \ nc t X b D] \ nj Õ p
[À½mkvtX abn k´ptX abn k´p. Hmw im´n:
im´n: im´n:.
N P
]qPn-¡ -W w. ]pd-I n apI-f n a[y-X -a-a mbn ØnXn K
sN¿p¶ Aã-Zf Ia-e-s¯bpw ]qPn-¡-Ww. cXv\w ]Xn¨
knwlm-k-\-¯n BNm-cys\ ]qPn-¡-Ww. B{i-b{- Xn-
bmàn IqÀ½w, \mKw, ]rYzn Ch ]qPn-¡-Ww. hnLvt\-
iz-c³, ZpÀ¤-t£{X ]me³, kc-kzXn F¶n-hc - n _oPw
kaÀ¸n¨v \ma- t¯m-sSm¸w NXpÀ°o hn`àn tNÀ¯v ]qPn-
¡-Ww. tIm¬ Xe-bnepw A[À½w, A\À°w AImaw
At#m£w F¶-h-bnepw ]qIvhm-Zn-Zn-¡p-I -fnepw ]qP
thWw ]pd-In apI-fnse a[y-`m-K-¯pw, kqcy³, N{µ³
Aán, F¶n-hsc ]qPn-¡p-I. b{´- ¯nse kXz-c-tPm-Kp-W-
{]-Xo-I-amb aq¶p hr¯-§-ep-sSbpw ]qP sN¿p-I. ]ns¶
Zn¡p-I-fnepw tImWp-If - nepw \nÀ½n¨ Ia-e-I-§-epsS
Aã-Z-f-§sf ]qPn-¡p-I. a[yØ Zf-§-fn Btáb
tIm¬ XpS§n {Ia-ambn Bßm-hv, A´-Im-ßmhv ]c-am-
ßmhv Úm\m-]qÀh-Zn-¡p-I-fn amb hnZy-Ie ]c F¶o
XXz-§Ä ]qP sN¿p-I. hna-emZn iàn-I-fp-sSbpw ]qP,
apJy-tZ-hX- mÀ¨-\w, AwK- hyq-l-§-fpsS ]qP, Lrãn apX-
emb temI-]m-e-I-·mÀ Ah-cpsS Akv{X-§Ä, hkn- jT v mZn
ap\n-amÀ ChÀ¡pw {iocm-a\pw ]qP AÀ¸n¨v P]m-Zn-IÄ
kaÀ¸n-¡pI XpSÀ¶v {iocma kvXpXn sN¿p¶ D]m- k-I³
tam£w {]m]n-¡p-¶p. tZl klnXw A´À[m\w sNbvX
cmasâ Bbp-[-§ew kzÀ¤m-tcm-l-W-t¯msS A{]-Xy-£-
am-bn-cp-¶p. ]c-a-[maw {]m]n¨v At±-l¯- nsâ ]cn-hm-c-§-
sf-sbÃmw AXp-t]mse ]c-a-[m-a-¯-se-¯n. `à-·mÀ¡pw
]c-a-KXn e`n-¡p-¶p. apI-fn sImSp¯ E¡p-IÄ kÀhm-
£o-ã-§epw kXzhpw {]Zm\w sN¿p-¶-Xm-Wv. CXv A[y-
b\w sN¿p¶ `àÀ¡pw tam£w kn²n-¡p-¶-Xm-W.v
{iocm-a-]qÀhXm-]n-\yp-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
Fsâ AwK§Ä ]pjv Snsb {]m]n¡s«. hm¡v
{]mW³ N£Êp t{imXw _ew F¶nhbpw kIe C{µn-
b§fpw ]pjvSnsb {]m]n¡s«. FÃm D]\nj¯pIfpw
{_Òw Xs¶bmWv Rm³ {_Òs¯ ssIhnSmXncn¡-
s«. C§s\ {_Ò\ncX\mb F\n¡v D]\nj¯nÂ
{]Xn]mZnXamb [À½§Ä ssI hcs«. Hmw. im´n:
im´n: im´n:
 802

I H¶mw A²ymbw hmbp¡sfbpw Btcm]nt¡­Xp­v. XeapSn hSn¨v

K
Ifªv ]qWÂ s]m«n¨v ]p{Xt\mSv C§s\ ]dbWw.
1. AYmXx kw\ymtkm]m\njZw hymJymkymaxb;
"\o bÚkzcq]\mWv kÀhkzcq]\mWv.' ]p{X\n
A\p{ItaW kw\ymkyXn k kw\ykvX x `hXn.
sæn Xsâ Bßmhnt\mSv C§s\ D]tZin¡Ww.
Ix Abw kw\ymkx DNymtX IYw bxkw\y
]ns¶ Ingt¡mt«m hSt¡mt«m bm{X sN¿Ww. NmXpÀ
kvt Xm `hXn bx Bßm\w {Inbm`nx Kp]vX w
hÀWy¯n s]«hcn \n¶v `n£ kzoIcn¡mw.
ItcmXnx amXcw ]nXc `mcymw ]p{Xm³ _Ôpc³
Ic]m{X¯n `n£ hm§n Ign¡mw. `£Ww Huj[
A\ptamZbnXzm tb N Aky EXznPxXm³ kÀ
sa¶ \nebnemIWw. AXmbXv Poh³ \ne\nÀ¯m³
hmwÝ ]qÀhhXv {]mWnXzm sshizm\tcjvSnw
th­ `£Wta ]mSpffp. F´v In«pt¶m AXv kzoI
\nÀhtlXv. kÀhkzw ZZymXv bPam\ky Kmx
cn¡pI. tatZmhÀ²Iamb `£WacpXv. C§s\ Iri
EXznPx kÀsshx]mss{Xx kamtcm]y bZmlh
Km{X\mbn {Kma¯n Hcp cm{Xnbpw \Kc¯n A©p
\ntb KmÀl]tXy hm A\zmlmcy]Nt\ k`ym
cm{Xnbpw hkn¡Ww. hÀjIme¯v Htc {Kma¯ntem
hkYytbmÝ {]mWm]m\ hymt\mZm\kam\m³
\Kc¯ntem Ignbmw. Asæn c­p amkw hsc
kÀhm³ kÀthjp kamtcm]tbXv. k inJm³
Ihnbmw Iodnb hkv{Xtam hchpcntbm D]tbmKn¡mw.
tIim³ hnkrPy btÚm]hoXw OnXzm ]p{Xw
aäp hkv {X§Ä [cn¡cpXv. C§s\ t¢iw kln¡p
Zrjv S zm Xzw bÚxXzw kÀhw CXn A\pa
¶XmWv X]Êv. C§s\ {Ia{]Imcw k\ymkw kzoIcn
{´tbXv, bZn A]p{Xx, Xzw kÀhw CXn A\pa{´
¡p¶h\v ]qWptem inJ tbm BNa\tam th­.
tbXv, bZn A]p{Xx `hXn, Bßm\tah Caw
Bß[ym\amWv. Ahsâ inJ; FÃmbnS¯papff
[ymXzm A\th£amWx {]mNoapZnNnw hm Zniw
Pe¯n\p hbÀ am{XamWv Ahsâ ]m{Xw. PemibXocw
{]{htPXv N. NXpÀjp hÀt®jp `n£mNcyw
Xs¶bmWv Ah\p Dd§m\pff Øm\w Ft¸mgpw ]IÂ
NtcXv. ]mWn]mt{XWmi\w IpcymXv. Huj[h
Xs¶bmIp¶p.
Zi\amNtcXv. Huj[hZi\w {]miv\ \obmXv.
bYmem`aiv \ nbmXv. {]mWkÔ mc WmÀ° w
bZmtatZmhr²nÀ\ PmbtX. Irtim `qXzm {Kma c­mw A²ymbw
GIcm{Xw, \Ktc hm]n htkXv. ]£m ssh 1. NXzmcnwiXvkwkvI mck¼¶x kÀhXxhncà-
amkm CXn. Zzu amku hm htkXv hnioÀ® Ýn¯ip ²ntaX yB i m, Akqb, CuÀjy m,
hkv{Xw hev¡ ew hm {]XnKrlvW o bmXv x bZn Al¦mcw ZKv[zm, km[\NXpjvSb k¼¶ Gh
Aiàx `hXn t¢iX X]ytX X] CXn bm hm k\ykvX paÀlXn.
Ghw ]iyXn Inw Aky btÚm ]hoXw bZv
2. k\ymtk \nÝbw IrXzm I
Bß[ym\w, hnZym km inJm, \osscx kÀh{X
AhØnssXx Imcyw \nÀhÀ¯b³ DZc]mt{XW ]p\À\ N ItcmXn bx I
Pe Xotc \ ntIX \w. {_Ò hmZnt\ m hZ ´n k IpcymXv Ir{NOam{Xw Xp I
AkvXanX BZntXy IYw hm Aky D]kv] À ]p\x kw\ykvXp aÀlXn II
i\w CXn. Xm³ tlmhmN bYm Al\n XYm
3. kw\ymkw ]mXtbZykvXp I
cm{Xu \ Aky\àw \ Znhm. XZhn GXZv Ejn
tWmàw. kIrXv Znhml Gh Akvssa `hXn ]XnXw \mktb¯p bx I
b Ghw hnZzm³ GXm³ Bßm\w kw[t¯. kw\ymkhnLv\IÀ¯m N I
k\ymtkm]\nj¯ns\¸än ]dbp¶p. {ItaW {Xot\Xm³ ]XnXm³ hnZp II
{]]©s¯ XrPn¡p¶h\mWv kw\ymkn. kw\ymkw CXn
F´mWv? kw\ymkw F§s\bmWv? Bßmhn\p th­n
\mev]Xphn[¯nepff kwkvImct¯mSp IqSnbh
{InbIsf ]cnXyPn¡p¶h\mWv k\ymkn? amXmhv,
\pw FÃmänepw ]qÀ® hncàn h¶h\pw Nn¯ ip²\pw
]nXmhv, ]p{X³, klHmZc³ F¶nhcpsS k½X{]Imcw
Bi, Akpb, CuÀjy, Al¦mcw F¶nh \in¸n¨v
bÚw sN¿n¡p¶hsc F¶s¯bpw t]mse \akvI
km[\ NXpjvTb k¼¶\pamWv k\ymkn. kw\ymkw
cn¨v sshizm\cbÚwsN¿pI. Cu L«¯n bPam\³
kzoIcn¡m³ Xocpam\n¨Xn\ptijw AXv ssIhn«h\v
Xsâ kÀhkzhpw Zm\w sN¿pIbpw EXzn¡pIÄ kIe
Ir{ÑþNm{µmbW {hXm\pjvTm\§Ä¡v tijw AXv
kma{KnIfpw ]m{X§fpw klnXw lh\w sN¿Ibpw
ssIs¡mffmw. kw\ymk¯n \n¶v ]X\w h¶h\pw
thWw. Blh\obw, KmÀ]n]Xyw Z£nWmán F¶o
]XnX\v kw\ymkZo£ sImSp¡p¶h\pw kw\ymk
aq¶p hn[¯nepff AánIsfbpw k`yhpw BhkYy
{KlW¯n XSÊw kyjvSn¡p¶h\pw ]XnXzw hcp¶p.
hpw {]mW³ A]m\³ hym\³ DZm\³ kam\³ F¶o

N P
 803

I 4. AY jWvU:, ]XnX:, AwKhnIe:, kvss{XW:, K

Hmw `q: kzmlm F¶v sNmÃn inJ IfbWw. F¶mÂ
_[nc:, AÀ`I: ]mjWv U :, N{Io:, enwKo:, btÚm]hoXw Iftb­XnÃ. bÚw, _ew, Úm\w,
s s h J m\ k :, l c Z znP \ :, `r X I m[ y m ] I :, sshcmKyw, ta[ F¶nh {]Zm\w sN¿s« F¶v ]dªv
in]nhnjvS: A\ánI: sshcmKyh´:At]ytX \ ]qWÂ s]m«n¡Ww
kw\ymkmÀlm: kw\ykvXm bZy]n almhmtIym
Hmw. `q: kzmlm F¶p sNmÃn hkv{Xs¯bpw Ac
tZi \m[nImcnW:
ªmÄ NcSns\bpw shff¯n Ifªv "k\ymkvXw
Xmsg ]dbp¶hÀ kw\ymkw {Kln¡phm³ tbmKyc abm' F¶v aq¶pXhW sNmÃWw.
Ã\]pwkI³,]XnX³, AwKlo\³, kv{Xokz`mh¡m
9. k\ymk\w ZznPw ZyjvS zm I
c³, _[nc³, _me³, aqI³, ]mjWvU³, enwKn, IpjvT
tcmKn, sshJm\k³, {_ÒWXz¯n \n¶v ]XnXzw Øm\m¨eXn `mkvIcx I
h¶h³ thX\w ]äp¶ A[ym]I³, Aántlm{Xw Gj ta aWvU ew `nXzm I
sN¿m¯h³, \mkv X nI³, sshcmKn. Hcp ]t£ ]cw{_Òm[n KÑXn II
kw\ymkw kzoIcn¨mepw D]tZiw sImSp¡m³ AhÀ¡v
AÀlbnÃ. kqcy³ kw\ymknsbbpw {_mÒWs\bpw ImWp
t¼mÄ kzØm\¯p\n¶v hyàn Nen¡p¶p. Ch³
5. BcqV ]XnXm]Xy: I Fsâ aWvUes¯bpw t``n¨p sIm­v {_Òs¯ {]m]n
Ip\nJo iymhZ´I: I ¡p¶p sh¶v ]dbp¶p.
£bo XYmw KhnIe: I 10. jjvSow Ipem\n AXoXm\n I
ss\h kw\ykvXp aÀlXn II jjvSnamKmanIm\n N I
6. kw{]XyhknXm\mw N I Ipem\yp²ctX {]mÚx I
alm]mXIn\mw XYm I kw\ykvX anXn tbm htZXv. II
{hXym\ma`niv]Xm\mw I 11. tb N k´m\Pmwx tZmjmx I
kw\ymkw ss\h ImctbXv II tb tZmjm tZlkw`hmx I
7. {hXbRvPXt]mZm\þ ss{]jmánÀKltX kÀhm³ I
tlmakzm[ybhÀÖnXw I Xpjmáncnh Im©\w II
kXyiuN]cn{`jvSw I
12. kJm am tKm]mtbXnZWv Uw ]cn{KtlXv
kw\ymkw ss\hImctbXv I
13. ZWvU w Xp sshWhw kuayw kXzw N
GtX \mÀl´n kw\ymkamXptcW ]pWyØekapXv]¶w \m\m
hn\m{Iaw. II I·j tim[nXw
kw\ymkkzoIcW¯n\p tijw ]XnXzw h¶h\pw 14. AZKv[alXw IossSx I
No¯ \Japffh\pw aen\amb ]Ãpffh\pw {`m´p\pw ]Àh{KÙnhncmPnXw I
hnIemwK\pw kw\ymkw sImSp¡cpXv.BIkvanIambn
\mkmZLv\w inckvXpeyw I
sshcmKyw h¶h³,alm]m]w sNbvXh³,kwkv Imc
iq\y³ \nXy³ ChÀ kw\ymk {KlW¯n\v A\l {ZpthmÀhm hnZybmZyXnx II
cmWv. {hXw, bÚw, X]Êv, Zm\w, tlmaw. F¶nhsbm "Rm³ kw\ymkn¨p" F¶p ]dbp¶ Úm\n Xsâ
¶pw CÃm¯\pw kzm[ymbw sN¿m¯h\pw kXyhpw hcm³ t]mIp¶Xpw IgnªXpamb Adp]Xv XeapdIfn
ip²nbpw CÃm¯h\pw kw\ymkw sImSp¡cpXv. C§ epffhsc D²cn¡p¶p. ss]XrIamb tZmj§sfbpw
s\bpffhÀ¡v thWsa¦n BXpckw\ymknamcmImw. Xsâ imcncoI tZmj§sfbpw AbmÄ Dan¯obv
F¶m AhÀ¡v \nbam\pkrXamb kw\ymk¯n\v kzÀ®¯nse amen\ysa¶t]mse `kv a am¡p¶p.
AÀlXbnÃ. "kplrt¯,Fs¶ c£n¡p" F¶p ]dªp ZWvUw
8. Hmw `q: kzmtlXn inJmapXv] mSy btÚm kzoIcn¡Ww. apfbmWv ZWvU ¯n\v D¯aw. AXv
]hoXw _loÀ \ \nhtkXv. bi: _ew,Úm\w, hfhnÃm¯Xpw ap«pIÄ CÃm¯Xpw \ÃØm\¯v
sshcmKyw, ta[mw, {]btÑXn btÚm]hoXw hfÀ¶Xpambncn¡Ww. AXn Hcp hn[¯nepff tItSm
OnXzm Hmw kzmlm C Xn A] v k p hk v { Xw ]pffntbm ]mSnÃ. ]gInbXpw IoS§Ä Xpf¨Xpw A`n
ISnkq{Xw N hnkrPy kw\ykvXw ambm CXn. ImayaÃ. aq¡phsctbm Xehsctbm ]pcnIw hsctbm
{Xnhmca`na{´tbXv. \nfw hcp¶Xmbncn¡Ww.
N P
 804
I 15. ZWvUmXv at\mkvXp kwtbmKx I
kÀhYm Xp hn[obtXm I
\ ZWvtU\ hn\m KtÑþ
Znjp t£] {Xbw _px[x
Bßmhn\pw ZWvU¯n\pw X½nepff tNÀ¨ Bh
iyamWv. AXn\m k\ymkn ssIbn ZWvUanÃmsX
aq¶p ic]X\ Zqc¯n IqSpX k©cn¡cpXv.
16. PKÖnh\w Poh\m[mc`qXw am tX am a{´
bkz kÀh kuay CXn IaWv U ep FSp¯v
tbmK]«m`njnà\mbn bYmkpJw k©cn¡pI.
17. XyP [À½ a[À½w N I
Dt` kXym\rtX XyP I
Dt` kXym\rtX Xzàzm I
tb\ XyPkn XXv XyP I
18. sshcmKy kw\ymko,Úm\ kw\ymko,
PmRm\sshcmKy kw\ymko, IÀ½ kw\ymkn
CXn NmXpÀhn[yap]mKXmx
[À½m[À½§sfbpw kXymkX§sfbpw XyPn¡p
I. ]ns¶ GXp aptJ\bmtWkXymkXy§sf shSn
ªXv AXns\bpw XyPn¡pI. kw\ymknamÀ \mephn[
ap­v. sshcmKy kw\ymkn, Úm\kw\ymkn, Úm\
sshcmKy kw\ymkn, IÀ½ kw\ymkn.
19. XZytYXn. ZrjvSm\p{ihnIsshXrjvWytaXy
{] mI v] p W y I À ½h nti j m X v k w\ y k vX x
ksshcmKy kw\ymkn.
20. imkv{XÚm\mXv,]m]]pWy temIm\p`h
{i h W mX v, {] ] t© m] c t X m tZ l h k \ mw
i mk v {X h mk \ m w X y à zm A h a\ m\ manh
{]hr¯nw kÀhw tlbw aXzm km[\NXp
jvS k¼¶x bx kw\ykyXn k Gh Úm\
kw\ymko.
21. {ItaW kÀha`yky kÀh a\p`qb Úm\
s s h c mK y m`y m w k zc q] k Ô mt\ \ A tZ l
am{Xmhinjv Sx kw\ymky PmXcq][tcm `hXn
kÚm\sshcmKy kw\ymko.
I­Xpw tI«Xpamb hnjb§tfmSv Xme]cyam
ÃmsX ]qÀh P·]pWy^eambn sshcmKyw h¶Xn\mÂ
kw\ymkn¨hs\ sshcmKykw\ymknsb¶v ]dbp¶p.
imkv{XÚm\w t\Sn temI¯nse \· Xn·IÄ A\p`n
¨dnªv {]]©¯n\p t\À¡pff Xmev]cyw hn«v tZlhm
k\ imkv{Xhmk\, temIhmk\ F¶o GjW {Xbw
hn«v FÃm hn[¯nepapff {]m]©nI hr¯nIfpw OÀ±n
¨n« ]mZmÀ°w t]mse IcpXn km[\NXpjvSbw tNÀ¶v
kw\ymkw kzoIcn¡p¶h\mWv Úm\ kw\ymkn.
N P
{Iam\pkrXambn kIeXpw A`ykn¨p FÃmänsâbpw
K
A\p`hw t\Sn Úm\ sshcmKy XXz§Ä icn¡pw
{Kln¨v tZlw am{Xw Ahtijn¸n¨p kw\ymkw kzoIcn
¡p¶h³ PvRm\ sshcmKy kw\ymknbmIp¶p.
22. {_ÒNcyw kam]y Krlo`qXzm hm\ {]Øm
{iataXy sshcmKym`mth f ]n B{ia {Iam\p
kmtcW bx kw\ykrk IÀ½ kw\ymkn.
{_mÒNcyw KmÀlØyw hm\{]Øw F¶o aq¶m
{ia§sfbpw bYmhn[n \nÀhln¨Xn\ptijw sshcm
Kyw D­mbnsæn t]mepw \nbam\pkcWw kw\ymkw
kzoIcn¡p¶h³ IÀ½ kw\ymkn.
23. kw\ymkx jUv hnt[m `hXn IpSoNI
_lqZI lwk ]calwk XpcobmXoXmh[r
XmtÝXn
24. IpSoNIx inJm b tÚm ]hoXnZWv U I
aWvUep[cx Im ]o\ imSoIÙm [cx ]nXr amXr
KwÀhmcm[\ ]cx ]oTcJ\n{Xn inIymZn a{´
km[\ ]cx GI {Xm¶mZ\ ]cx tiztXmÀ [z
]pWv {U[mcn {Xn ZWvUx
25. _lqZI inJmZn IÙm[c kv{Xo ]pWv{U
[mco {Xn ZWvUx
k\ymknamÀ Bdp hn[amWv. IpSoNI³, _lqZ
I³, lwk³, ]calwk³, XpcobmXoX³, Ah [qX³,
IpSoNI³, inJbpw ]qWqepw [cn¨v ZWvUw IaWvUep,
Iu]o\w, IÙ, I¼nfm F¶nhsc Bcm[n¨v ]oTw
Iq´men inIyw F¶nhbpambn HcnS¯p\n¶p am{Xw
`£Ww Ign¨v tiztXmÀ[z]p{Þ[mcnbmbn {XnZWvUw
[cn¨v k©cn¡p¶p. _lpZI³ inJ, IÙ F¶nh
[cn¡p¶h\pw FÃm hn[¯nepw IpSoNIs\t¸mse
tX\o¨bpsS ]cn]mSnIeÀ¶h\pw BWv Ah³ F«pcpf
tNmdpam{Xw `£n¡p¶p.
26. l wtk m P Sm[ m c o {X n ] p W vt{U mÀ [ z
] p W v {U [ mc o A k w ¢ o] v X a[ p I c m ¶ mi o
Iu]o\ JWvUXpWvU [mco.
27. ]cwalwk inJmbtÚ m]hoX cloXx
]© KrtljpIc]m{Xn GI Iu]o\ [mcoim
SotaImtaIw sshWhwZWv U taI imSo tcm
hm`kvtam²pf\ ]cx kÀh XymKo
lwk³ PSm[mcnbmWv. {Xn]pWv{Uhw AÀ²
]pWv{U[mcnbpw ]ebnS¯p \n¶pw tNmZn¨p hm§n.
`£Ww Ign¡p¶h\pw Iu]o\am{X [mcnbpamWv.
A©phoSpIfn \n¶pw ssIbn `n£ kzoIcn¡p¶p.
Asæn `kvaw [cn¨v Hcp hncn¸p am{Xw kzoIcn¨v
kIeXpw ssI shSnbp¶p.
 805
I 28. XpcobmXotXm tKmapJ hrXzm^emlco
A¶mlmco tNXv Krl{Xtb tZlam{XmhinjvSx
ZnKw_cx IpW]hXv icochr¯nIx
29. Ah[qXkv X p A\nbax ]XnXm`n ikv X
hÀP\ ]qÀhIw kÀh hÀt®jvT APKcarXym
Blmc ]cx kzcq]m\pkÔm ]cx
kÀhkwK]cnXymKnbmWv XpcobmXoX³. Ah³
tKmapJ hr¯nbpw aq¶v hoSpIfn \n¶v A¶tam
^eaqemZnItfm `n£bmbn kzoIcn¡p¶h\pw tZl
am{Xw ]peÀ¯p¶h\pw ZnKw_c\pamWv. Ah³ kz´w
icos¯ arXicocw t]mse IcpXn PohnXw \bn¡p¶p.
Ah[qX\v bmsXmcp \nbahpanÃ. Ah³ ]XoX³amcpw
\nµnX³amcpw HgnsI FÃm hÀ®§fn \n¶pw
s]cp¼m¼nsâ a«n In«p¶XpsIm­v Xr]vXns¸«v Ign
ªpIqSp¶p. Ah³ kz kzcq]m\pkÔm\¯n apgpIn
bncn¡p¶p.
30. PK¯mhZnZnZw \mlwk hr£ XrW ]Àh
XwbZv _mlyw PUaXy´wXXv kymw IY alm
hn`pxImte \mev t ]\ hnebotZtlm kla
tNX\.
31. PUbm IÀ® ijvSeym Iev]am\ £WØ
tbmiq\ymIrXnx iq\y `hx i_vtZm
\m l a X tNX\x
ac§fpw ]Ãpw CeIfpw ]ÀhX§fpw\ndª Cu
kakvX PK¯pw F¶n \n¶v `n¶amWv.At¸mÄ Rm³
F§s\ Ahbn H¶mbn¯ocpw? Fs´¶m Rm³
hn`qh\mWv. Ime¯n Iev]nXhpw AXnio{Lw hnebm
{]m]n¡p¶Xpamb tZlw Rm\Ã.
32. Xz Nm £W hn\m in\ym{]mt]ym f {]mt]ym
f b a \yYmNnXv {]kmtZm ]e_vt[mßmkv]À
tim \mla tNX\x
e_v[ mßm Pn·bm XptÑmtemebm temek
¯bmkzev]kv] t\m {Zhy \njvt Tmctkm \mla
tNX\x
34. Zriy ZÀi\tbmÀ eo\w £bo£W hn\min
t\mx tIhte {`jvScn£nWwcq]w \mla tNcWw.
35. \mkbmKÔPUbm£bnWym ]cnIev]nXx
t]ethmS \nbXmImtcmKtÔm
\ml a tNX\x
36. \nÀt½ f a\\x imt´mKX
]t©{µnb {`axip²
tN X \ G h ml wI m e mI e \ h À P nX x
ssNX\y hÀPnXx Nn·m{Xal
tatjm f h `mkI.
N P
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Aev ] t\cw am{Xw \ne\nev¡p¶Xpw iq\ymIr
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\pw BWv . Rm³ ssNX\y¯n\p AZoXamb Nn·m{X
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37. k _m lym`ym´c hym]n I
\njvI tem f lw \ncRvP\x I
\nÀhnIev] NnZm`mk I
GI Ghmkvan kÀhKx II
38. assbhtNXt\t\ta I
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kqcym´m Ah`mkymt´ I
Zot]t\hmßtXPkm II
39. assbh Xmx kv^pc´ol I
hnNnt{X{µnb hr¯b I
tXPkm´x {]Imti\ I
bYmán IW]wàbx II
40. A\´m\µm kwt`mKm I
Ntcm]ia imen\n I
ipt²mbw Nn·bo Zrjv SnÀþ
PbXyJne Zrjv Snjp
41. kÀh `mhm´cØmb I
ssNXyapà NnZmßt\ I
{]XyIv ssNX\y cq]mb I
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hpw hn`n¶hpamb coXnbnepff hr¯nIÄ Fsâ A´x
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 806

I ¶t]mse D­mIp¶p. Cu ip²Nn·bZrjvSn Gähpw 48. D²rtXm fkvan hnIevt]t`ym K

B\µ{]Zhpw im´nimenbpw GXp Xc¯n t\m¡n- tbm fkvan tkm f kvan \tamkvXp tXXp`yw
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Bßmhv FÃm hn[¯nepff `mhm´c§fnepw Ømbn
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kambm \nÀhnImcbm I KѶ]n \ KÑXn
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]mi _t²h ]£nWn II
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Wv. AXv ]mi_²amb ]£nsbt¸mse ]d¡m³ \nÀa\kvIa\olnXw I
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PohnIÄ tamlw \nan¯w ]rYznbpsS KÀ¯¯n hoW
t\yh XnjvTXn ta cn]px
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t{]mZntXmkva yNncmZlw \ncl¦mc ]£oWo II

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 807

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tim`tX II \IÄ ip²ambn¯ocp¶p. Ah³ ip²\pw DZmc\pw
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Wsat¶m F\n¡m{KlanÃ. hcp¶Xv hcs« t]mIp¶Xv
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P·m¦pchnhÀPnXm I hmIp¶ tNX\sb¶v ]dbs¸Sp¶p. kz`mhw CÑbmIp
lrZn PohZv hnapàm\mw I t¼mÄ AXn tZmjanÃ. AXpXs¶ kXymhØ.
AXpsIm­mWv. inhcq]w kXymßIamIp¶Xv. AXp
ip²m `hXn hmk\m II
Xs¶ kÀhÚX. AXpXs¶ k¼qÀ® Xr]vX n.
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ip²kXzm\p]mXo\n I D­m¡nÃ. Rm³ ]dbpIbpw ssIhnSpIbpw FSp¡pI
Bß [ym\abo \nXym I bpw I®pXpd¡pIbpw ASbv¡ pIbpw sN¿p¶psh¦n-
kpjp]vXn tØh XnjvT Xn II epw a\\w tNÀ¶ B\µamIp¶ kwhn¯v Bßmhp
Xs¶ kwthZyamb amen\yaIän.
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h\pamb hyànbpsSPohnXw [\yamWv. \½Xn·Isf Rm³ tIhew kwhnXv cq]¯n ØnXn sN¿p¶p. ip-
kw_Ôn¨ Nn´ Dt]£n¨h\pw Nn¯¯n Xs¶ `mip` k¦ev]§sfm¶pw IqSmsX Rm³ \ncmabØnXn-
ebn¸n¨h\pamb hyànbpsS PohnXw tim`mbam\ bnemWv. CjvSm\njvS`mK§Ä shSnªv Rm³ tIhe
amWv. {Kmlym{KmlyXm _Ôw \in¨m im´n ssIh kwhnXv kzcq]ambn.

N P
 808

I 66. BßXm ]ctX Xyàzm I 72. kzÑtXmÀPnXXm k¯m I K

\nÀhn`mtKm PKØnXx I lrZyXm kXyXmÚXm I
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ahew_y Øntcmkvarlw I kZm {]apZntXm ZnXm I
\nÀ½embmw \ncmimbmw ]qÀW®tXmZmcXm kXym I
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tltbm]mtZb hÀPnXx I kzcq]ØnXn aRv Pkm I
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[cWo[cIµtc I Cu AhkvXItfmsS Rm³ kzÑ\pw hocyhm\pw k¯m
imenbpw kXyÚm\ kzcq]\pw Bbn¯oÀ¶ncn¡p¶p.
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aqIky aa akvX tI I XoÀ¶ncn¡p¶p.

IZm XÀ®w Icnjy´n I 74. BXptcm PohXn tNXv {Iakw\ymkx IÀ¯

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cmKtZmj§Ä shSnªv hn`mKclnXamb PK¯n BXpc k\ymkw kzoIcn¨h³ Pohn¨ncn¡pIbm

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tIhtem fkvan P]maylw I
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 809
I kzcq]m\p kÔm\aÃmsX aäp imkv{X§fpsS A`y
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 810
I 87. D]mØmt\\ bXv t{]màw I
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{_mÒtW\ aTw {]Xn I
D]]¶anXn {]mlpþ
Àap\tbm tam£ Imw£nWx II
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bXnÀt¾ÑIp emZ]n I
GIm¶w \Xp `pRvPnX I
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bmNnXmbmNnNXm`ymw N I
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\máoÀ Zl\ IÀ½Wm I
\mt]m aq{X]qcojm `ymw I
\m¶tZmtjW akvI co II
91. hn[qta k¶apkte I
hywKmtc `pàhÖt\ I
Iptey]cmtÓ `qbnjvtT I
`n£mNcWamNtcXv II
92. A`nikvXw N ]XnXw I
]mjWvUw tZh ]qPIw I
hÀPbnXzm NtcZv ss`£w I
kÀhhÀt®jp Nm]Zn II
`n£mÀ°w k©cn¡pt¼mÄ Bsc¦nepw £Wn
¨m AhnsS t]mbn kw\ymkn `n£ kzoIcn¡p¶Xv
AbmNnX `n£bmWv. `n£¡v ]pds¸Spt¼mÄ Hcp
{_mÒW³ h¶v Blmcw Ign¡m³ £Wn¨m B
Xmev¡menI `n£ kzoIcn¡mw. \nXyhpw Hcp {_mÒ
W³ Xsâ Krl¯n ]mIw sNbvX Blmcw sIm­p
h¶p X¶m tamt£¨phmb k\ymkn¡v D]]¶ `n£
bmbn AXv ssIs¡mffmw. \nhr¯nbnsæn kw\ym
kn¡v t¾Ñsâ Kyl¯n \n¶pw `n£bmImw. F¶mÂ
Htc Øm\¯p\n¶p Xs¶ Hcn¡epw `n£ kzoIcn
¡cpXv. Hcp ]t£ AbmÄ _rlkv] Xnsbt¸mse
]qPy\msW¦nepw kZmbmNnXtam AbNnXtam Bb
`n£ aptJ\ PohnXw Ign¡p¶XmWp Nn{Xw. hmbp
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N P
A¶tZmjw sIm­v ZpjnX\mIp¶nÃ. ]pIbnÃm¯Xpw
K
De¡bpsS i_vZw CÃm¯Xpw Bb Øm\¯pw Xobv
ian¨ Øe¯pw BfpIÄ Blmcw Ign¨psIm­ncn¡p
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e§fn kw\ymkn¡v \nµy\pw ]XnX\pw ]mjWvU
\pw Bbn«pffhcpsS hoSpIsfmgnsI kIehÀ®§fnÂ
s]«hcn \n¶pw `n£ kzoIcn¡mhp¶XmWv.
93. LrXw izaq{X kZriw I
a[p kymXv kpcbmkaw I
ssXew kqIc aq{Xw kymXv I
kq]w eiq\ k½nXw II
94. amj ]q]mZn tKmaw kw I
£ocw aq{Xkaw `thXv I
Xkva mXv kÀh {]btXv\ I
LrXmZn³ hÀÖtbZyXnx II
LrXkp]mZn kwbpàþ
a¶w \mZymXv I ZmN\ I
]m{Xaky `thXv ]mWn þ
kvtX\ \nXyw ØnXnw \tbXv I
]mWn]m{X Ýc³ tbmKn \mkvIrXv
ss`£amNtcXv II
96. Btky\ Xp bZmlmcx I
tKmhXv arKbtX ap\nx I
XZm kax kymXv kÀthjy I
tkm f arXXzmb Iev] tX II
s\¿v k\ymknsb kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw IpXnc
aq{X¯n\v XpeyamWv. tX³ aZy¯n\v Xpeyhpw, F®
]¶naq{X¯n\v Xpeyas{X. shfp¯pffn tNÀ¶ ]ZmÀ
°§Ä, Dgp¶ptNÀ¶hapXembh tKmamwk¯\p
XpeyamWv. ]mev aq{X¯n\v Xpeyw, s\¿v apXembh
CÃm¯ Blmcta Ign¡mhq. kw\ymkn¡v ssI
Xs¶bmWv ]m{Xw. AXn Xs¶ Blmcw Ign¡Ww.
Hcp Znhkw c­p XhW `£n¡cpXv. ]iphns\t¸mse
Blmcw Ign¡p¶ k\ymkn ka ZÀinbmb AarXXz
¯n\v ]m{XamIp¶p.
97. BPyw cp[ncanh XytPXv GI{Xm¶w ]ee
anh £mca´y Panh hkv{XapÑnjvS hm {ianh
A`rKw kv{Xo kwKanh an{XmËmZbpw aq{Xanh
k v] r l mw tK m amwk an h Ú mX N c tZ i w
NWvU me hmSn Imanh kv{Xnbw Alnanh kphÀ
®w ImfIqSnanh k`mØew ivami\ Øeanh
cmP[m\nw Ipw`n]mI anh ihw ]nWvUh tZI
{Xm¶w \ tZhXmÀ¨\w {]]©hr¯n ]cnXyPy
Poh·ptàm `thXv .
 811

I s\¿v cà¯n\p Xpeyambpw Iq«nsh¨ amkwt]m 104. GIm¶w aZamÕcyw I K

sebpw ]cnXyPn¡pI. KÔm\pte]\w ZpjvX hkvXphn KÔ]pjv]hn`pjWw I
s\m¸hpw D¸v NWvUmfs\t¸msebpw hkv{Xw F¨nÂ
Xmw_qem`yRvPt\ {IoUm I
]m{Xw t]msebpw A`ywKw kv{XokwKw t]msebpw
t\cw t]m¡v aq{Xs¯t¸msebpw Alw`mhw tKmamwkw t`mKmImx £m ckmb\w
t¸msebpw IcpXWw. ]cnNnXcpsS Krl¯n `n£¡v 105. I°\w IrÕ\w kzkvXn I
t]mIcpXv. k`mZnIÄ ivaim\ambn IcpXpI. Htc ho«nÂ
tPymXnÝ {Ibhn{Ibw I
\n¶v `£Ww Ign¡p¶Xv arXI ]nWvUw t]mse IcpXn
ssIshSnbWw. tZh]qP ]mSnÃ. {]m]©nI kpJw {InbmIÀ½hnhmZÝ I
ssIhn«v Poh·pà\mIpI. KpcphmIyhnewL\w II
98. Bk\w ]m{Xtem]Ýk©bx 106. kÔnÝ hn{Ktlm bm\w I
injy k©bx I a©Iw ip¢ hkv{XIw I
Znhmkzt]m hrYmemt]m I ipt{àmÕÀt¤m Znhmkz]vt \m I
btXÀ_ÔIcmWn jSv II `n£m [mckvX p ssXPkw II
99. hÀjmt`ym\y{X bXv Øm\þ 107. hnjw ssNhmbp[w _oPw I
amk\w XZpZmlrXw I lnwkmw ssXIjvWyw N ssaYp\w I
DàmeºmZn ]m{XmWmþ Xyàw k\ymktbmtK\ I
taI kym ]ol kw{Klx I Krl[À½mZnIw {hXw II
100. btXx kwhyhlmcmb I 108. tKm{XmZn NcWw kÀhw I
]m{Xtem]x k DNytX I ]nXramXrIpew [\w I
KrloXky Xp ZWvUmtZÀ þ
{]Xnjn²m\n ssNXm\n I
ZznXobky ]cn{Klx II
tkhamt\m {htPZ[x I
Bk¶w, ]m{Xtem]\w, k©\w, injyk©bw
109. kpPnÀt®m f ]n kpPnÀ®ky I
,Znhmkz]v\w, hrXmem]w, Cu Bdpw bXn¡v _Ô
ImcWamWv. hÀjImew HgnsIbpff Øm\¯n\v hnZzm³ kv{Xojp \ hniztkXv I
Bk\sa¶v t]À; k\ymkn¡v hn[n¨n«pff Npcbv¡m kpPnÀ®mkz]n IÙmkp I
apXembh \jvSs¸«Xn\p tijw asäms¶Sp¡p¶XmWv kÖtX PoÀ®aw_cw II
]m{Xtem]w. Xsâ ZWvUw apXembh ssIhn«p t]mb
Xn\ptijw asäms¶Sp¡p¶Xv ]cn{KlamIp¶p. 110. Ømhcw PwKaw _nPw I
ssXPkw hnjambp[w I
101. Imem´tcm]t`mKmÀ°w I
jtUXm\n \ KrlvWobmþ
k©bx ]cnIoÀ¯nXx I
ZyXnxaq{X ]qcojhXv.
ip{iqjm em` ]qPmÀ°w I
btimÀ°w hm ]cn{Kl II ]n¶s¯ Znhk§Ä¡v th­n Im¯pshbv¡p¶-
XmWv kw{Klw. ip{iqj, em`w, ]qP biÊn\p th­n
102. injymWmw \Xp ImcWymXv I {]hÀ¯n¡pI F¶nhbpw ]cn{KlamWv. Bß ip²n
injy kw{Kl CucnXw I ¡v kIcpWw h¶hs\bÃmsX A\ys\ injy\m¡p
hnZym Znhm {]Imi Xzmþ ¶Xv injykw{KamamW.v k\ymk¯n hnZysb {]Im
ZhnZym X{X cpNytX iambpw AhnZysb cm{Xnbmbpw IcpXs¸Sp¶p. AXn
\m hnZy`yk¯n {]amZw ImWn¡p¶Xv Znhm
103. hnZymt`ytk {]amtZm bx I kz]v\amWv. B[ymßnI IYIÄ `n£sb kw_Ôn
k Znhm kzm] DNytX I ¡p¶ Imcy§Ä A\p{Klw tNmZy¯n\p¯cw sImSp
B[ymßnInw IYmw apàzm `n£m hmÀ¯mw ¡pI F¶nhsbmgnsI kwkmcn¡p¶sXÃmw hyÀ°
hn\m XYm I Pev]\¯n s]Spw Alw`mhw, aÕcw GIm¶w ,
KÔw, ]pjv]w, B`cWw, Xmw_qe{KlWw, F®tX¨p
A\p{Klw ]cn{]iv\w I
Ipfn, {InU, t`mtKÑ, ckmb\w, apJkvX pXn, \nµ,
hrYm Pevt]m\ym DNytX
N P
 812

I Ipie{]iv\w {Ibhn{Ibw {InbmIÀ½§Ä , hmZhnhmZw K

F¶nh {Kln¡p¶ kw\ym\n¡v A[:]X\amWv. AssZz
KpcphmIyewL\w kÔn hn{Kl§Ä, I«nÂ, shfp¯ X\uIbn Ibdn Poh·pàXzw hcn¡pIsb¶XmWv
hkv{Xw, hocXymKw, ]Iepd¡w, `n£m]m{Xw, kzÀ®w, kw\ymknbpsS IÀ¯hyw.
hnjw, imkv{Xw, {]mWnlnwk, tIm]w, ssaYp\w F¶n
116. hmKvZ WvtU au\amXn jvt TXv I
hsbÃmw kw\ykn ]qÀ®ambpw ssIshSnbWw. amXm
hnsâ Ie¯nse k¼¯v B{Kln¡cpXv. hr²\pw Imb ZWvtU Xzt`mP\w I
]WvUnX\pamb kw\ymkn hr²kv{Xosbbpw hnizkn am\tk Xp IrtX ZWvtU I
¡cpXv. Fs´¶m ]gbXpWnbpw hkv{Xw Xs¶bmW {]mWmbmtam hn[obtX II
tÃm. Ømhc PwKa§Ä _oPw kzÀ®w, hnjw, Bbp[w
117. IÀ½Wm _m[yX P´p þ
ChsbÃmw k\ymkn aeaq{X Xpeyw XymPyambn
IcpXWw. À hnZybm N hnapNytX I
Xkva mXv IÀ½ \ IpÀh´n I
111. ss\hmZ`oX]mtYbw I
bXbx ]mcZÀin\x II
bXnx In©nZ\m ]Zn I
]Izam]Õp KrlvWobmXv I 118. cYymbmw _lp hkv{XmWn I
bmhZ¶w \ e `ytX II `n£m kÀh{X e`ytX I
`qanx i¿mkvXn hnkvXo®m I
112. \ocpPÝ bphm ssNh I
bXbx tI\ ZpxJnXm II
Zn£pÀ\mhktY htkXv I
]cmÀ°w \n{]Xn{Km]yw I 119. {]]© aJnew bkvXp I
\ ZZym¨ IY©\ II PmRm\máu PqlqbmZyXnx I
Bß\yánÀkmamtcm]y I
113. ssZ\y `mh¯p `qXm\mw I
tkmántlm{Xo apZmbXnx
ku`Kmb bXn ivNtcXv I
]Izw hm bZn hm]Izw I 120. {]hr¯nx Zznhn[m t{]màm I
bmNamt\m {htPZ[ amÀÖmco ssNh hm\co I
Úm\m`ymkhXm tamXpÀþ
114. A¶Zm\]tcm `n£pþ
hm\cot`mIXztah N
Àhkv{XmZo\w {]Xn {Klo I
BhnIw hm\mhnIw hm I 121. \m ]rjvSwx IkyNnXv {_qbmþ
XYm ]«]Sm\]n II ¶ Nm\ymtb\]rÑXx I
P\\m]n ln ta[mho PUhtÃm IamNtcXv
115. {]XyKrly bXnÝXm³ I
]XtXyh \ kwibx I 122. kÀthjm tah ]m]m\mw I
AssZzXw \mham{inXy I kwLmtX kap]ØntX I
Poh·pàmXzam]v\pbmXv. II Xmcw ZzmZi kml{kþ
a`ytktÑ Z\w ln XXv
B]¯p Ime¯ÃmsX kw\ymkn hgn¨nehn\v
H¶pw ssIhiw shbv¡cpXv. A¶¶v Imem¡nbXv In«n 123. bkvXp ZzmZi kml{kþ
bnæn ]Izm¶w kzoIcn¡mw. BtcmKyhm\pw bphm {]Whw P]tX \zlw I
hpamb kw\ymkn Hcn¡epw A\ysâ Krl¯n Xky ZzmZi`nÀamsskx I
IgnbcpXv.aäpffhÀ¡p th­n Fs´¦nepw hkvX p
]cw {_· {]ImitX I
hm§pItbm sImSp¡pItbm ]mSnÃ. A\ycpsS \·¡v
BßmÀ°ambn {ian¡Ww. ]mIw sNbvXtXm Aï CXyp]\njXv
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sNbvXtXm AÃm¯tXm Bb hkvXp Bhiys¸Sp¶Xv ¡pI, a\Êns\ in£n¡Wsa¦n {]mWmbmawsN¿pI,
At[mKXn¡v ImcWamWv. Blmc¯n AXymÀ¯n PohnIÄ IÀ½§fm _Ô\¯n s]Sp¶p. hnZybmÂ
Im«pI, anI¨ hkv{ Xw I¼nfn hkv{Xw ]«p hkv {Xw AXn \n¶v tamN\w t\Sp¶p. AXn\m Úm\nbmb

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 813

I kw\ymkn IÀ½¯n \n¶pw Hgnªncn¡p¶p. sXcphp ]dbcpXv. Bsc¦nepw A\ymbs¯¸än tNmZn¨mepw K

Ifn \n¶v ]gb XpWn [mcmfw In«pw. `n£bpwkpe`
amWv. ChnsSbpw Dd§m³ CSw In«pw. ]ns¶ kw\ym
kn¡v F´n\mWv Zp:Jw? k\ymkn {]]©amsI Úm
\mánbn Zln¸n¡Ww Xsâ Bßmhn Bßmhns\
Pzen¸n¡p¶h\mWv almÚm\nbmb Aántlm{Xn.
amÀÖmcn F¶pw hm\cnsb¶pw hr¯nIÄ ­phn[-
aps­t{X. Úm\m`ymknIÄ¡v apJyambpw amÀÖmco
hr¯nbmWv. A{][m\ \nebnÂhm\co hr¯nbpw
BImw. tNmZn¡msX bmsXm¶pw At§m«p tIdn
an­cpXv. Cu amXncn L«§fn Adnbmsa¦nepw
PUs\t¸msebpw aqUs\t¸msebpw s]cpamdWw.
GsX¦nepw ]m] IrXyw \S¶m ]´ocmbncw XmcI
a{´w P]n¨v ]m]w ]cnlcn¡Ww. Znhkhpw ]Xn\mbncw
Dcp {]Whw P]n¡p¶h\v ]{´­pamk¯n\pffnÂ
Xs¶ ]c{_·s¯ km£mXvIcn¡phm³ Ignbpsa¶m
Wv D]\nj¯pIfpsS Dàn.
k\ymtkm]\nj¯v kam]n¨p.

1 kc-kz-Xo-c-l-tkym-]-\n-j¯v 3
im´n ]mTw 2. kc-kzXo Zi tÇmIym
Hm. hmMv ta a\-kn-{]-Xn-jvTnXm at\m ta hmNn k ENm _oP-an-{ibm
{]Xn-jvTn-Xa
- m-hn-cm-hnÀ a G[n thZky a BWo kvXpXzm P]vXzm ]cmw kn²n
Øx {ipXw ta am {]lm-ko-ct- \-\m-[otX \mtlm- ae`w ap\n-]pw-Khm
cm-{XXv kwZ-[man EXw hZn-jym-an. kXyw hZn-jym-
an. X·m-a-hXp XZz-àm-c-a-h-Xp. Ah-Xp-amw. Ah- 3. Ejbx Du¨xþ
Xm-h-à mc ah-X p-h-à mcw. Hmw. im´nx im´nx IXw kmc-kzX {]m]vXnx
im´nx tI\ [ymt\\ kp{hX
Fsâ hm¡v a\-Ên Ønc-am-bn-cn-¡-s«. a\Êv alm kc-kzXo tb\
hm¡n Ønc-am-bn-cn-¡-s«. {]Im-im-ßmhm Fsâ ap¶n XpjvSm `K-hXo hZ
A§v {]Xy-£-am-I-tW. tl hmMv, a\-Êp-I-sf, \n§Ä
4. ktlm-hmNm izmem-b\x
c­p-t]cpw Fsâ thZ-Úm-\-¯n-\m-[m-c-am-W.v AXn-\mÂ
Fsâ thZm-[y-b-\s¯ \in-¸n-¡c - p-X.v Cu thZm-[ym-b-\- Aky {Xn kc-kzXo Zi-tÇm-Ia - -lm-a-{´-ky-þ-
¯n Xs¶-bmWv Rm³ cmhpw ]Iepw Nne-hg- n-¡p-¶- A-l-am-izm-em-b\ Ejnx A\p-jvSp]v Oµx {iohm-
Xv. Rm³ EXw ]d-bpw. kXyw ]d-bpw. Fs¶ c£n-¡p- Ko-izco tZho-Xn. bZzm-KnXn _oPw tZhow hmN-anXn
I. hàm-hns\ c£n-¡p-I. Fs¶ c£n-¡p-I. hàm iànx {]mtWm tZhoXn Ioe-Iw. hn\n-tbm-Kk - vXX
hns\ c£n-¡p-I. hàm-hns\ c£n-¡p-I. Hmw. im´nx {]nXyÀt° {iZv[mta[m {]Úm [mcWm hmKv
im´nx im´nx tZhXm alm-k-ck - zXo tXyssX cwK \ymkx
1. Ejtbm l ssh `K-h´w Bizm-em-b\w alÀjn-amÀ `K-hm³ Biz-em-b-\sâ ASp¯p sN¶v
kw]q-Py-]-{]Nvipx At±-ls¯ bYm-hn[n ]qPn-¨-Xn-\p-tijw tNmZn¨p:þ ""`K-
tIt\m-]m-tb\ XXvÚm\w XXv hm-s\, GsXmcp Úm\w aptJ-\-bmWv ]Zm-ß-I-amb ]c-
]ZmÀ°m h`m-kIw ta-iz-cs
- \-¸-än-bpÅ kv]jvS-amb t_m[w D­m-Ip-¶Xv?
Cu Úm\w F§s\ t\Smw. A§bv¡v GsXmcp tZh-
bZp-]m-k\
- bm X¯zw Pm\mkn `K-h³ hZ
X-bpS D]m-k-\-sIm­v XXz-Úm\w e`n-¡m³ Ign-ªp.

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 814
I AXn-s\-¡p-dn¨v ]dªp Xcm³ Zb-hp-­m-IW- w. Biz-
em-b-\³ ]dªp: ""alÀjn-am-sc, Rm³ _oP-a{´k
lnXw ]¯p alÀjn-am-cpÅ kc-kzXo Zi-tÇm-In-ap-tJ\
D]m-kn-¨p-sIm­v ]cm-kn²n {]m]n-¨p.
alÀjn-amÀ tNmZn¨p þ B kmc-kz-X-a{´w At§bv¡v
GXp [ym\w sIm­v F§-s\-bmWv kn²n-¨Xv? B a{´-
¯nsâ aln-a-bm-em-WtÃm A§bv¡v `K-hXn alm-e-£van-
bpsS A\p-{Klw e`n-¨X - v. R§Ä¡pw B D]mbw ]d
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{io kc-kzXo Zi-tÇmIo alm-a{- ´-¯nsâ Ejn Rm³
Xs¶-bm-Wv. CXnsâ OµÊv A\p-jvSp-¸m-Ip-¶p. tZhX
hmKo-iz-cnbpw _oPw bZzmKv BWv. iàn tZhn; hmNw
IneIw; {]mtWm tZhn CXnsâ hn\n-tbmKw {iohm-Ko-
izco tZhXm {]oXn-bm-Wv. {i², ta[, {]mÚ, [mc-W,
hmKvtZ-hX alm-k-c-kzXn F¶o a{´-§ÄsIm­v AwK-
\ym- kw.
5. \nlm-cl
- mc L\-km-c-kp[m Icm`mw
Ieym-WZmw I\I N¼I Zma `qjmw
D¯pw-K-]o\ IpN-Ipw-`-a-t\m-lcmw Kow
hmWow \aman a\km hNkm hn`qssXy
[ym\w þ aªv, ap¯p-am-e, IÀ¸q-cw, N{µ³ Ch-
bpsS tim` IeÀ¶hfpw IeymW Zm{Xnbpw I\I N¼-
I-Zm-a-`q-jbpw XSn¨ IpN-Ipw-`-§-fm at\m-l-cnbpw Bb
hmWo-tZ-hnsb sFiz-cy-¯n-\mbn Rm³ a\-Êp-sIm­pw ¡p-¶hfpw A¶-h-Xn-bp-amb `K-hXn kc-kzXn km[-I-
hm¡p-sIm­pw \an-¡p-¶p.
Hmw. {]mtWm tZho-Xyky a{´ky þ `c-ZzmP
Ejnx Kmb{Xo Oµx {io kc-kzXo tZh-Xm. {]W-
th\ _oP iànx Ioe-I w. CjvSmÀt° hn\n-
tbmKx at{´W \ymkx
"Hmw {]mtWm tZhn F¶ a{´-¯nsâ Ejn `c-Zzm-
P\pw OµÊv Kmb-{Xnbpw tZhX kc-kz-Xn-bp-am-Wv.
7. thZmÀ° XssXz-Ik- z-cq]m ]c-amÀ°Xx
\ma cq]m-ß\m hyàm km amw ]mXp
kc-kzXo
8. Hmw {]mtWm tZho kc-kzXo hmtP `nÀhmPo
\oh-Xn [o\m-a-h-Xy-hX
- p.
9. Hmw t\m Znh CXn a{´ ky A{Xn Ejnx
{XnjvSp]v Oµ. kc-kzXo tZh-Xm. {loanXn
_oP- i àn Ioe-I w. CjvS mÀt° hn\n- t bmKx
at{´W \ymkx
10. bm kmwtKm-]mwK thtZjp NXpÀtjzssI hKo-
btX AssZzXm {_ÒWx iànx km amw ]mXp
kc-k z-Xo.
N P
11. {low B t\mZnthm _rlXx ]Àh-XmZm kc- K
kzXo bP-Z mKw Xp bÚw lhhw tZho PpPp-
jm- tWm LrXmNo iÜmw t\m hmNm apiXn
irtWm-Xp.
12. ]mh-Im\ CXn a{´ky a[p-ѵ Ejnx Kmb{Xo
Nµx kc- k zXo tZh- X m. {ioanXn _oP- i ànx
IoeIw CjvSmÀ° hn\n-tbmKw at{´W \ymkmx
13. bm hÀ® ]Z hmIymÀ° kzcq- t]- s sWh
hÀ¯tX A\m-Zn-\n-[\
- m-\´m kmamw ]mXp kc-
kzXo
14. {iow ]mhIm \x kc-kzXo hmtP-`nÀ hmPn\o
]Xo. bÚw hjvSp [nbm hkpx
15. tNmZ-bn-{XoXn a{´-ky-a-[p-ѵ Ejnx Kmb{Xn
Oµx-kc - -kzXo tZh-Xm. »pan-Xn-_o-P-iànx Ioe
Iw at{´W \ymkx
Hmw. {]mtWm tZho F¶ a{´-¯nsâ Ejn `c-Zzm-
P\pw OµÊv Kmb-{Xnbpw tZhX kc-kz-Xn-bp-am-Ip-¶p.
Hmw. \ax _oPw.
thZm´ {_Ò XXz kzcq-]n-Wnbpw hn`n¶ \ma-cq-]-
§-fn {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp¶ hPw B kc-kzXn Fs¶ c£n-
¡-s«.
Zm\-¯m kptim-`n-Xbpw kvXpXn-¡p-¶-hsc c£n-
cmb R§sf A¶-¯m ]cn-]qÀ®-cm-¡-s«.
"B \uZnhm F¶ a{´-¯nsâ Ejn A{Xnbpw
OµÊv A\p-jvSp¸pw tZhX kc-kz-Xn-bp-am-Wv.
thZ-th-Zmw-K§
- -fn kvXpXn-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶hfpw ]c-
{_-Ò-¯nsâ AssZzX iàn-bp-amb `K-hXn kc-kzXn
Fs¶ c£n¡-s«.
D]m-ky-bmb tZhn kc-kzXn tPymXnÀa-b-amb kptem-
I-¯p-\n¶pw Xmsg ]Àh-Xm-Im-c-amb taL§fpsS a[y-
¯n-eqsS R§-fpsS bÚ-¯n h¶p tNc-Ww. tZhn
R§-fpsS kvXpXn-I-fm {]k-¶-bmbn R§-fpsS kvtXm
{X-§Ä tIÄ¡-s«.
"]mh-I m\' F¶ a{´-¯nsâ Ejn a[p-Ñ-µbpw
OµÊv Kmb-{Xnbpw tZhX kc-kz-Xnbpw BIp-¶p.
hÀ®-§-fnepw ]Z-§-fnepw hmIy-¯nepw AÀ°-k-
lnXw kÀh{X hym]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶hfpw BZy-´m-Xo-Xbpw
A\-´c- q-]n-Wn-bp-amb tZhn kc-kzXn Fs¶ c£n-¡s
- «.
FÃm-h-scbpw ]cn-ip- ²-cm- ¡p-¶hfpw A¶w sIm­pw
IÀ½w sIm­pw e`y-am-Ip¶ [\w k¼m-Zn-¡m³ Imc-W-
`q-Xbpw Bb tZhn kc-kzXn R§-fpsS bÚ-¯nÂ
hcm³ Xmev]cyw hln-¡-s«.

I "tNmZbn{Xn' F¶ a{´-¯nsâ Ejn a[p-ѵ - bpw
OµÊv Kmb-{Xnbpw tZhX kc-kz-Xn-bp-am-Wv.
16. B[ym-ßa- -[n-ssZhw N tZhm\mw kay-Ko-izco
{]Xy-KmkvtX thZ-´obm km amw ]mXp
kc-kzXo
17. »pw tNmZ-bn{Xow kq\r-Xm\mw tNX´o kpa
Xo\mw bÚw Zt[ kc-kz-Xo.
18. atlm AÀ® CXn a{´ky a[p ѵ Ejnx
Kmb{Xo Oµx kc-kzXo tZh-Xm. ku coXn
_oPiànx IoeIw at{´W \ymkx
19. A´-cym-aym-ß\m hnizw ss{XtemIyw bm\n-b-
ÑXn cp{Zm- Z n- X ymZn cq]Øm bkym- a m- t hiy
Xmw]p\x
20. [ymb´o kÀh cqss]Im km amw ]mXp kc-
kzXo kux atlm A˨x kc-kzXo {]tNm{I
bXn tIXp\m [ntbm hnizm hncm-PX
- n.
tZh-·m-cpsS t{]c-Wm-ß-I-i-ànbpw B[n-ssZ-h-cq-]n-
Wnbpw \½psS DÅn hmWo cq]-¯n {]Xn-jvTn-¡-s¸-
«-hf
- p-amb `K-hXn Fs¶ c£n-¡-s«.
kXyhpw {]nb-hp-amb hm¡p ]d-bp-hm³ t{]cW
\ÂIp-¶-hfpw Úm\-{]-Zm-bn-\-bp-amb kc-kzXo tZhn
R§-fpsS bÚs¯ [cn-¨n-«p-­v. "atlm A®x' F¶
a{´-¯nsâ Ejn a[p-Ñ-µbpw OµÊv Kmb-{Xnbpw tZhX
kc-kz-Xn-bp-am- Ip-¶p.
A´-cym-an-bmbn temI-bm{Xw \nb-{´n-¡p-¶h- fpw
cp{Zm-Zn-XymZn At\I tZh-X-am-cpsS cq]-¯n \ne-sIm-
Åp-¶h - -fp-amb kc-kzXn \s½ c£n-¡-s«.
kc-kzXo tZhn Xs¶-bmav FÃm hn[-¯n-ep-apÅ
IÀ¯-hym-ß-I-amb _p²nsb hnI-kn- ¸n-¡p-¶-X.v B tZhn
R§sf c£n-¡-s«.
21. NXzmcn hmKnXn a{´-k y-D-N Yy ]p{X Ejnx
{XnjvSp]v Oµx kc-kzXo tZhXm sFw. CXn _oP
iàn IoeIw at´W \ymkx
22. bm {]XyIv ZrjvSn-`nÀ PnsshÀ hyPy-a m\m
\p`qbtX hym]n\o Úm]vXn cqss]Im km amw
]mXp kc-kzXox
23. sFw NXzmcn hmIv ]cn-anXm ]Zm\n
Xm\n hnZpÀ {_mÒWm tb a\o-jnWm
Kplm {XoWn \nlnXm t\ K b´n
Xpcobw hmtNm a\pjym hZ-´n.
24. bZv hmKm hZ-´oXn a{´ky `mÀ¤hx Ejnx
{XnjvSp]v Oµx kc-kzXo tZhXm ¢oanXn _oP
iànx IoeIw at{´W \ymkx
N P
815
25. \ma-Pym-Xym-Zn-`nÀtZ ssZc-jvS[m bm hnI-ev]nXm K
\ nÀh n- I - e v] m- ß \ m h yà m k m amw ]mX p
kc-k z-Xn.
26. ¢nw bZv hmKv hZ´n Ahn tNX-\m\n cmjv{So-
tZ-hm\mw \nj kmZ a{µm NX{k DuÀPw ZpZptl
]bmw kn Iz kznZkym ]caw PKm-a.
"NXzm-cn-hmIv' F¶ a{´-¯nsâ Ejn DNYy ]p{X-
\mb ZoÀL XaÊpw OµÊv {XnjvSp¸pw tZhX kc-kz-
Xnbpw _oPw iànbpw IoeIw sFw Dw þ BWv. a{´-
¯m AwK-\ymkw sN¿p-¶p.
A´À ZrjvSn-bpÅ Pohn-I-fpsS ap¶n hn`n¶ cq]-
¯n {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶-h-fmb kc-kzXo tZhn Fs¶ c£n-
¡-s«.
]cm-]-iy´n a[ya sshJco F¶o \mep ]mZ-§Ä
tNÀ¶-XmWv hm¡v. Cu ]Z-§Ä Úm\n-IÄ¡v icn-¡-
dn-bmw. Ch-bn BZys¯ aq¶pw lrZb Klz-c¯ - nÂ
ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶-Xn-\m {]I-S-am-Ip-¶n-Ã. F¶m sshJcn
P\-§Ä¡v kwkm-cn-¡m-\p-XI - p-¶p.
11. "bZzmKv hZ´n' F¶-Xnsâ Ejn `mÀ¤-h\pw OµÊv
{XnjvSp¸pw tZhX kc-kz-Xnbpw BWv.
\ma-cq-]§
- Ä aptJ\ F«p hn[-¯nepw \nÀhn-Iev]
cq]-¯nepw {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp¶ `K-hXn kc-kzXn Fs¶
c£n-¡-s«.
Znhy `mh-§Ä {]I-Sn-¸n-¡p-¶-hfpw Úm\w {]Zm\w
sNbvXv bÚ-¯n hncm-Pn-¡p-¶-h-fp-amb tZhn FÃm
Zn¡p-IÄ¡pw th­n A¶hpw Pehpw Hgp-¡p-¶p.
27. tZhow hmN- a nXn a{´ky `mÀ¤hx Ejnx
{XnjvSp]v Oµx kc-kzXo tZhXmx kucnXn _oP
iànx IoeIw at{´W \ymkx
28. hyàm-hyà Kncx kÀth thZm-Zyx-
hym-lc
- -´nbmw
kÀh-Im-a-Zp[m t[\px km amw ]mXp kc-kzXo
29. kux tZhow hmNa P\-b´ tZhm kvXmw
hniz-cq]m ]ithm hZ´n km t\m
at{µj apÀPw
Zplm-\ m-t[-\pÀhm- K-kvam-\p-]-kp-jvSp-s sX-Xp.
30. DXXz CXn a{´ky _rl-kv]-XnÀ Ejnx
{XnjvSp]v Oµx kc-kzXo tZh-Xm. kanXn
_oP iànx IoeIw at{´W \ymkx
31. bmw hnZyXzm Jnew _Ôw \nÀa-Y ym-J ne
hÀß\m tbmKo-bmXn ]cw Øm\w km amw ]mXp
kc-kzXo

I 32. kw DX Xzm ]iy¶ ZZÀ-Ai hmN-arX Xzx
irWz¶ irtWm tXy\mw DtXm-Xzkvssa
(X-\zw) hnkt{k Pmtb-h-]Xy DiXn kphmkmx
33. Aw_n-Xa CXn a{´ky KyXv kam Ejnx
A\p-jvSp]v Oµx kc-kzXo tZh-Xm. sFanXn
_oP-iànx IoeIw at{´W \ymkx
34. \ma-c q-] m-ß Iw kÀhw bkym amth-i yXmw
]p\x [ymb´n {_Ò cqss]Im km amw ]mXp
kc-k z-Xo.
sFw Aw_n-Xta \Zo-Xta tZhn-Xta kc-kzXn
A{]- i kv X m Ch kv a kn {]i- k v X n- a w_ \a
kv Ir[n.
tZhow hmNw F¶ a{´-¯nsâ Ejn `mÀ¤-h\pw
NµÊv {XnjvSp¸pw tZhX kc-kz-Xnbpw BWv. _oPw
iànbpw IoeIw kuw BIp-¶p. a{´w aptJ\ Xs¶
\ymkw sN¿-Ww.
hymàm- hy- à- hm- Wn- I-fmb FÃm thZm- Zn- Ifpw bmsXm-
¶ns\ hym]-cn-¡p-¶p. kÀh-Ima ZpL-bmb B kc-kzXn
R§sf c£n-¡-s«.
sshJco hmWn {]mW cq]- ¯n tZh-·m- cm krjvSn-
¡-s¸-«p. B hmWnsb hn`n¶ tZl-[m-cn-IÄ D¨-cn-¡p-
¶p. Imat[\p-hn-s\-t¸mse kpJw \ÂIp¶ tZhn-{]-k-
¶-bmbn R§-fpsS kao]w {]Xy-£-am-I-s«.
DXXzw F¶ a{´-¯nsâ _rl-kv]-Xn-bmWv OµÊv
{XnjvSp-¸.v tZhX kc-kz-Xn-bpw...
kc-kz-Xnsb {_Ò hnZym-cq-]-¯n Adn-ª-Xn-\p-
tijw tbmKn-h-cy-·mÀ kIe _Ô-§fpw hntÑ-Zn-¡p-¶p.
tZhn Fs¶ c£n-¡s - «.
tZhnsb I­n«pw NneÀ ImWp-¶n-Ã. tI«n«pw tIÄ
¡p-¶n-Ã. F¶m Nne `mKy-im-en-I-fpsS ap¶n ]Xnsb
Iman-¡p¶ kv{Xo `À¯r k¶-[n-bn A\m-hrX cq]-
¯n Xs¶ Ccn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse hmKvtZhn Xsâ kzcq]w
{]I-S-am-¡p-¶p.
Aw_n-Xa F¶ a{´-¯nse Ejn KpXvkv\ hZ\pw ¶p. F\n¡v hnZym-Zm\w \evIp-I. \o Xsâ NXpÀ `pP-
OµÊv A\p-jvSp¸pw tZhX kc-kz-Xn-bp-am-W.v ..
{_Ò-X-Xz-a-dn-bp-¶h
- À kc-kz-Xn-bn \ma-cq-]b- p-à-
amb k¼qÀ® {]]-©-s¯bpw Bth-in-¸ n-¨p-sIm­v
tZhnsb [ym\n-¡p-¶p. B tZhn Fs¶ c£n-¡s - «.
tZhn tZhn-am-cnepw amXm-¡-fnepw \Zn-I-fnepw sh¨v Xp¼¯v hkn-¨p-sIm­v AhÀ¡v ia-Z-am-Zn-IÄ {]Zm\w
kÀh t{ijvT-bm- W.v R§Ä [\-an-ÃmsX \nµn- X-sc-t¸m-se sN¿p¶ kc-kz-Xo-tZhn {i²m ta[m [mcWm kzcq-]n-
-bm-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. R§Ä¡v [\-k-ar²n ssIh-cp-¯p-I.
N P
816
36. NXpÀapJ apJmw t`mP h\-lw-k-h-[pÀ aax K
am\tk caXmw \nXyw kÀh-ip¢m kc-kzXo
37. \akvtX imctZ tZhn Imivaoc ]pc-hm-kn\n
Xzmalw {]mÀ°tb \nXyw hnZym-Zm\w
N tZln ta
38. A£ kq{Xm-¦p-[cm ]mi ]pkvXI [mcnWo
apàm-lmc kam-bpàm hmNn XnjvTXp ta kZm
39. Iw_p-I-WvTn-kpXm t{amjvTo
kÀhm-`-cW `qjnXm
alm-k-ck
- zXo tZhn Pnlzmt{K kw\n hniyXmw
40. bm {i²m [mcWm ta[m hmKv tZho
hn[n-h-Ã`m
`à Pnlzm-{K-kZ- \m kamZn KpW-Zm-bn\o
41. \aman bmhn-\o-\mY teJm-ew-Ir-XI
- p-´fmw `hm
\ow `h-k´ - m] \nÀhm-]-W-kp-[m-\`nw
42. bm IhnXzw \ncm-X¦w apapàn Nhm-RvOXn
tkm `yÀss¨\mw Zi-tÇmIym \nXyw
kvXuXn kc-kz-Xo,
43. Xsskyhw kvXph-tXm-\nXyw ka-`yÀNy kc-
kzXow `àn {i²m- ` n- b p- à ky j¬am- k mXv
{]Xytbm `thXv
44. XXx {]hÀ¯tX hmWo tkzÑbm efnXm
£cm KZy-]Z- ym-ßssIx i_vssZx c{]-ta-ssbÀhn-
h-£nssXx
45. A{iptXm _p[ytX {KÙx {]mbx kmc-kzXx
Ihx CtXy-hw \nÝbw hn{]mx km tlm hmN kc-
kzXo
46. Bß-h nZym abm e_v[ n {_Ò-ssW-h -k\m
X\o {_ÒXzw ta kZm \nXyw k¨n-Zm-\µ cq]Xmx
NXpÀap-Jsâ apJ-Ia - e
- -amb h\-¯n cmP-lwkw
t]mse k©cn-¡p-¶-hfpw tizX Im´n-bp-amb kc-kzXn
R§-fpsS am\-k-¯n \nXyw can-¡-s«. Imivaoc ]pc-
hm-kn-\n-bmb imc-tZ, Rm³ \nXyhpw \ns¶ kvXpXn-¡p-
§-fn A£-kq{Xw A¦piw ]miw ]pkvXIw F¶nh
[cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. tZhn-bpsS amÀhn-S-¯n apàm-lmcw
tim`n-¡p-¶p. tZhn kZm Fsâ hm¡n hnl-cn-¡p-I.
tl Im_p-IWvTn? Acp-Wm-[cn kÀhm-`-cW `qjntX, tZhn
Fsâ Pnlzm-{K-¯n hncm-Pn-¡- tW. `à-·m-cpsS \m¡n³
Wnbpw {_Òm-hnsâ {]nb-X-a-bp-am-Ip-¶p. N{µ-Iem hn`q-
 817

I jn-X-amb tIi-]m-i-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-hfpw kwkm-c-_-Ô-\-a- 54. Bhr-tWmXv ]cm-iànx km K

I-äp-¶-h-fp-amb `K-hXn kc-kz-Xnsb Rm³ \a-kvI-cn-¡p- kwkm-cky ImcWw
¶p. Ihn-Xztam t`mKtam `b-cm-ln-Xytam AsÃ-¦ n km£nWx ]pctXm `mXn enwK-
tam£tam B{K-ln-¡p-¶-h³ Cu ]¯p a{´§fm `K- tZ-tl\ kwbpXw
h-Xn-bmb kc-kz-Xnsb `àn-]qÀÆw ]qPn-¡W - w. `àn
{i²-tbmsS hn[n-{]-Imcw ]qPn¨v \nXyhpw `Pn-¡p¶ 55. NnXn-Ñm-bm-ka - m-th-im-þ-Öohx kymXv
`à³ Bdp amk-¯n-\p-Ån Xs¶ tZhn-bpsS Ir]bv¡ hymh-lm-cnIx
]m{X-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. A§n-s\-bm-Ip-t¼mÄ KZy-]-Zym-ß-I- Aky Poh-Xz-am-tcm-]mXv km£o-Wy-
amb Ih-\¯ - n\pw AbmÄ Ignhp tNcp-¶p. kc-kzXo ]y-h -` m-ktX
`à-\mb Ihn aäp-Å-hc - n \n¶pw H¶pw {ihn-¡msX 56. BhrXu Xp hn\-jvSmbmw t`Zm-]m-tX
Xs¶ {KÙ-§-fpsS AÀ°w {Kln-¡m³ {]m]vX-\m-Ip- ]bmXn bXv
¶p. hn{]-·m-sc, `K-h-Xn-bmb kc-kzXn Xs¶ Xsâ Cu
XYm kÀ¤ {_Ò-tWmÝ t`Z-am-hr-Xy-Xn-jvTXn
`àn-bpsS aln-a-sb-¸än Xsâ {io apJ-¯n-eqsS kzbw
]d-ªn-«p-Å-Xm-Wv. {_Òm-hn \n¶v F\n¡v k\m-X\ - - 57. bm iàn kvXZzm-imZv {_Ò
amb {_Ò hnZy k¼m- Zn-¡p- hm³ km[n-¨p. Ct¸mÄ Rm³ hnIr-X-tXz\ `mktX
k¨n-Zm-\µ kzcq-]-amb \nXy-{_-Ò-Xz-¯m XnI¨pw [\n- A{Xm-]ym-hrXn \mti\ hn`mXn
bm- W.v {_Ò kÀ¤tbmx
47. {]Ir-XnXzw XXx krjvSw kXzmZn 58. t_Z-kvX-tbmÀhn-Imcx kymXv kÀt¤
KpW-km-ayXx \ {_ÒWn IzNnXv
kßm-`mXn NnÑmbm ZÀ¸tW {]Xn AkvXn `mXn {]nbw cq]w \ma
_nw_-hXv tNXyw-i-]-©Iw
48. tX\ NnXv {]Xn-_nw-t_\ {Xnhn[m 59. BZy-{Xbw {_Ò-cq]w PKv{Zq]w XtXm-Zzbw
`mZn km ]p\x At]£y \ma-cqt] tZz k¨n-Zm-\µ XXv]cx
{]Ir-Xy-hn-Ñn-¶X
- bm ]pcp-j-Xzw ]p\Ý tX
60. kam[nw kÀhYm IpcymXv lrZtb
49. ip² kXz {][m-\mbmw ambmbmw hmYhm _lnx
_nw_ntXm lyPx khn-Ievt]m \nÀhn-Iev]x kam-[nÀ
kXz-{]-[m\m {]Ir-XnÀ amtbXn {]Xn-]m-ZytX hnhnt[m lrZn
50. km ambm kztim]m[nx kÀh-Útky 61. Zriy i_vZm\pt`tZ\ khn-Iev]w ]p\À Zzn[m
izcky ln ImamZymÝn¯ Km Zriym kvXXv
hiy-am-b-Xz-ta-IXzw kÀh-ÚXzw N km£n tXz\ tNX\m
Xky Xp
62. [ymtXbv Zriym-\p-hn-t²mbw kam[nx
51. kmXzn-IX
- zmXv ka-jvS-bn-XzmXv km£n- k hnI-ev]Ix
XzmXv PK-Xm-a-]n. AkwKx k¨n-Zm-\µx kz {]t`m ssZzX-hÀPnXx
PKXv IÀ¯p-a-IÀ¯pw hm Nm\yYm
63. AkvaoXn i_vZ hnt²mbw kam[nx
IÀ¯p-ao-i-tX.
khn-I -e v]-Ix
52. bx k Cuizc CXypàx kÀh-Ú- kzm\p-`q-Xn-ck
- m-th-imZv Zriy
Xzm-Zn-`nÀKpssWx i_vZm-Zy-t]-£nXpx
iàn Zzbw ln ambmbmx
64. \nÀhn-Ie
- v]x kam[nx kymþ-\n-hmX ØnX
hnt£-]m-IrXn cq]Iw
Zo]-hXv lrZoh _mly tZti]n bkvan³
53. hnt£] iànÀenw-KmZn {_Òm-WvUm´w
IkvanwÝ hkvXp \n.
PKXv krtPXv
A´À ZrKv Zriy-tbmÀ t`Z _lnÝ 65. kam-[n-c`- ym-k-·m-{Xm-¶m-a-cq-]]
- r-YIv IrXnx
{_Ò kÀ¤tbmx kvX_v[o `mthm ckm-kzm-Zm-¯r-Xobx
]qÀh-·Xx

N P
 818

I 66. GssXx kam-[n`nx jUv`nÀ \tbXv D­m-Ip-¶p-­v. F¶m {_Ò-¯n hnIm-cm-hØ - CÃ.
K
Imew \nc-´cw krjvSn- bn Xs¶- bm-Wp-Å-Xv. AkvXn, `mXn, {]nbw, cq]w,
\maw F¶o A©p AwK-§f - n BZys¯ aqs¶®w
tZlm-`n-amt\ KfntX hnÚmtX ]c-am-ß\n
{_Ò-¯nsâ kzcq-]a - mWv; \maw, cq]w F¶nh c­pw
67. b{X-b{X at\m bmXn X{X X{X ]cm-arX hniz-cq-]mÀ°-I-am-Wv. c­pw kw_-Ôn-¡p-t¼mÄ Xs¶
68. `nZytX lrZ-b-{K\vYnx ÝnZyt´ kÀh kwibmx {_Òw Cu hniz-cq-]¯ - n ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. km[-I³
_mly-ambpw B´-cn-Ia - mbpw F¶pw kam[nbn Xev]-
£obt´ Nmky IÀ½mWn Xkvan³
c-\m-I-Ww. lrZ-b-¯n khn-Ie - v]-sa¶pw \nÀhn-Ie - v]-
ZrjvtS ]cm-htc
sa¶pw kam[n c­p hn[-am-Ip-¶p. khn-Iev] kam-[n¡v
69. abn PohXz aoiXzw Iev]nXw hkvXptXm Zriym-\p-kn-²-sa¶pw i_vZm-\p-kn-²-sa¶pw c­p hn`m-K-
\ln CXn bkvXp hnPm-\mXn k ap-­v. a\-Ên ImamZn hnIm-c-§Ä D­m-Ip-¶p. Cu hnIm-
aptàm \m{X kwibx CXyp-]\ - n-j-¯v. c-§Ä Zriy-§-fm-Wv. tNX-\m-ßmhv Chbv¡v km£n-bm-
Wv. AXns\ Zriym-\p-hn-²-k-am-[n-sb¶v ]d-bp-¶p. i_vZm-
kXzw cPÊv XaÊv F¶o aq¶p KpW-§-fp-sSbpw
\p-hn-²-k-hn-Iev] kam-[n-bn km[-I³, Xm³ AssZzX
kam-th-i¯ - m {]IrXn krjvSn-¡-s¸-«p. I®m-Sn-bnÂ
kzcq-]\pw kwK-cl - n-X\pw kzbw {]Im-i\ - p-am-sW¶v
{]Xn-_ nw_w ImWp-¶ -Xp-t]mse Xs¶ {]Ir-Xn-b nÂ
Nn´n-¡ p-¶ p. Xm³ Xs¶-b mWv k¨n-Z m- \ -µ -s \¶pw
tNX\m {]Xn-_nw_w kXy-sa¶v tXm¶pw. BtN-X\ - -
Nn´n¡p¶p. Bß-cq-] m-\p-`q-Xn-bmb ckm-t h-i-¯mÂ
bpsS {]Xn-_nw-_-¯m {]IrXn aq¶p hn[-¯n-se¶pw
Zriy-i-_vZ§- sf Dt]-£-tbmsS ho£n-¡p¶ km[-Isâ
tXm¶pw. {]IrXn kwtbmKw sIm­mWv a\p-jy\v Cu
lrZbw \nÀhn-Iev] kam-[n-bpsS kpJw tNcp-¶p. \nÀ
tZlw In«n-bn-«p-Å-X.v kXz-Kp-W{- ]-[m-\-amb {]Ir-Xn-am-b-
hmX Zo]w t]mse-bmWv km[-Isâ ØnXn. lrZ-bm-´À
bm-Wv. amb-bn {]Xn-_nw- _n-X-am-Ip¶ tNX\ Xs¶ AP-
`mK-¯p-­m-Ip¶ kam-[n¡pw c­p cq]-§-fm-Wv. AXp-
·m-hv. amb kÀhm-ß\m {_Ò-¯nsâ BÚm-Im-cn-Wn-
t]mse shfn-bnepw GsX-¦nepw hkvXp-hn-t\mSv Nn¯-
bm-Wv. ambsb hi-¯m-¡pI AZzn-Xo-b\pw kÀh-Ú-\p-
¯n GIm-{KX D­m-bn-¡-gn-ªm AXv kam-[n-bm-bn.
am-Ip-I. {_Ò-¯nsâ apJy e£Ww Ch-bm-Wv. {_Òw
Zriy-¯n-sâbpw {`jvSm-hn-sâbpw hnth-I-¯m BZys¯
kI-e-Xn\pw km£n kzcq-]a - m-Wv. AXv {]]© krjvSn
coXn-bn-e pÅ kam[n D­m-I p-¶ p. {]tXy-I-amb Hcp
sN¿m\pw CÃm-Xm-¡m\pw aäp-hn-[-¯n-em-¡m\pw ià-
hkvX p-hn-t\mSv AXnsâ \ma-cq-] -§ Ä `n¶-§-sf¶p
am-Wv. hnt£]w Bh-cWw Ch-bmWv amb-bpsS c­p
tXm¶n-bm AXn-\m-{ib `qX-amb tNX-\s - b-¸än Nn´-
iàn-IÄ. hnt£-]-iàn enwK-tZlw apXÂ {_ÒmWvUw
bp-­m-Ipw. CXmWv c­m-as¯ Xc-¯n-epÅ kam-[n.
hsc-bpÅ kI-eXpw krjvSn-¡p-¶ p. Bh-c-W-iàn
ssNX-\y-c-km-\p-`q-Xn-bm D­mb Bthiw \nan¯w
{ZjvSm-hn\pw Zriy-¯n-\p-an-Sb - v¡pÅ A´-chpw {_Ò-
kvX_v[X ssI hcp-¶Xv aq¶m-as¯ hn[-¯n-epÅ kam-
¯n\pw krjvSn¡pw X½n-epÅ A´-c-s¯bpw Bh-cWw
[n-bm-Wv. Cu kam-[n-If - n PohnXw \bn-¡-Ww. ico-cm-
sN¿p-¶p. AXv _Ô-\m-ß-Ia - m-Wv. tNX-\b
- psS {]Xn-
`n-am\w hn«v ]c-am-ß-X-Xz-Úm-\-ap-­m-bm a\Êv Fhn-
_nw_w Imc-W -cq-]¯ - n-epÅ {]Ir-Xn-bn \nln-X-am-
sS-sbÃmw F¯ptam Ahn-sS-sbÃmw Aar-Xzm-\p-`-ha - p-­m-
Ipt¼mÄ temI-¯n Imcy-Im-cn-bmb Poh³ D­m-Ip-¶p.
Ip-¶p. AtXmsS kIe kwi-b-§fpw \in-¡p-¶p. lrZ-
Btcm- ln- X-am-I-bm AXnsâ PohXzw km£n- bmb {_Ò-
b-{K-Ùn-IÄ Xpd-¡p-¶p. \njvIe - -hp-amb {_Ò-¯nsâ
¯nepw ]co-£n-¡s - ¸-Sp-¶p. Bh-cW iàn amdp-t¼mÄ
^e-ambn kI-e-IÀ½-§fpw £bn-¡p-¶p. F¶n Iev]n-
t`Zw kv]jvS-am-Ipw. AtXm-sS Poh-Xz-¯nsâ ØnXn kam-
X-amb Pohn-Xzhpw Cui-Xzhpw Iev]n-X-amWv; hkvXpX
]n-¡ p-¶ p. krjvS n {_Ò-§-fpsS t`Zs¯ Bh-cWw
AXm-sW¶v a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶-h³ Poh-·p-à-\m-Ip-sa-¶-
sN¿p¶ iàn¡p hg-§p¶ {_Òw hnIm-cb - p-à-am-
Xn kwi-b-anà F¶v D]-\n-j-¯v.
sW¶ tXm¶Â \nÀ½n- ¡p- ¶p. Bh- cWw amdn-bm Xs¶
{_Ò-¯n-sâbpw krjvSn-bp-sSbpw t`Z-¯nsâ {]XoXn kc-kz-Xo-c-l-tkym-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

N P
 819
I K
1 kmhn-{Xyp-]-\n-j¯v
im´n-]mTw
Hmw B]ym- b ´p aamw- K m\n hmIv {]mW-
Ý£px t{im{X-atYm _e-an-{µn-bmWn N kÀhmWn
kÀhw {_tÒm-]-\n,Zw amlw {_Ò-\n-cm-Ipcyw am
am {_Ò \ncm-I-tcm-Z-\n-cm-I-cW akvXz-\n-cm-I-cWw
ta Akv X p. XZm- ß \n \nctXb D]- \ n- j Õp
[À½mkvtX abn k´p tX abn k´p Hmw. im´nx
im´nx im´nx
Fsâ AwK-§Ä ]pãn {]m]n-¡- tW. {]mW³, N£p-
Êv, t{im{Xw, _ew, C{µn-b§ - Ä F¶nh ]pãn-{]m-]n-
¡tW. FÃm D]-\n-j-¯p-¡fpw {_Òm- ß- I-§-fm-Wv. Rm³
{_Òs¯ \ncm-I-cn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡-tW. {_Ò Fs¶ \ncm-I-
cn¡m-X n-c n-¡-tW. A§s\ {_Ò-\n-c -X- \ m-b n-c n¡p¶
F\n¡v D]-\n-j-Zp-à-amb {_Òs¯ {]m]n-¡m-\n-S-h-ctW.
Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
1. Ix khn-Xm, Im kmhn{Xo Aán-tch khnXm
]rYnho kmhn-{Xo, k b{Xm-án-kvXXv ]rYnho b{X
ssh ]rYnho X{X-ánkvtX tZz tbm \o XtZIw
anYp\w
2. Ix khnXm Im kmhn{Xo hcpW Gh khnXm
B]x kmhn{Xo k b{X-h-cpW kvXZmt]m b{Xhm
B]kvX Zzcp-WkvtX tZz tbm\n XtZIw anYp-\w.
3. Im khnXm Im kmhn-{Xn. hmbp-tch khnXm
BImix kmhn{Xo k b{X hmbp kvXZm-Imtim
b{X hm BIm- i - k v X - Z zm- b pkv t X tZz tbm\o
XtZIw anYp\w
4. Ix khnXm Im kmhn{Xo bÚ Gh khnXm
O µ mk n k mhn{X n k b{X bÚ k vX {X
Oµmwkn b{X hm Oµmwkn k bÚkvtX tZz
tbm\o XtZIw anYp\w
5. Ix khnXm Im kmhn-{Xo. kvX\-bn-Xv\p-tch
khnXm hnZypXv kmhn{Xo k b{X kvX\-bnXv\p
kvXZzn hnZypXv b{X hm hnZyp-¯{X kvX\-bnXv\p
kvtX tZztbm\o XtZIw anYp\w
6. Ix khnXm Im kmhn- { Xn. BZnXy Gh
khnXm Zyux kmhn{Xo k b{Xm-Zn-Xy-kvX±yux b{X
hmZyu-kvX-Zm-Zn-XykvtX tZz tbm\o XtZIw anYp\w
7. Ix khnXm Im kmhn-{Xn. N{µ Gh khnXm
\£-{XmWn kmhn{Xn k b{X N{µ-kvX-¶-£-{XnWn
b{X hm \£-{XmWn k N{µ-amkvtX tZztbm\o
XtZIw anYp-\w.
N P
3
8. Ix khnXm Im kmhn{Xo a\ Gh khnXm
hmIv kmhn{Xo k b{X aukvX-ZzmIv b{X hm hmIv
X·-\kvtX tZz tbm\o XtZIw anYp-\.
9. Ix k hnXm Im kmhn{Xo ]pcpj G h
khnXm kv{Xo kmhn{Xo k b{X ]pcp-j -k vX Xv
kv{Xo b{X hm kv{Xo k ]pcp-jkvtX tZz tbm\o
XtZIw anYp\w
Bsc khn- Xm- sh¶p ]d- bp¶p? Bsc kmhn{Xnsb¶p
]d-bp¶p? Aán-Xs¶ khn-Xm-hv. ]rYzn kmhn-{Xn-bpw.
FhnsS Aán-bpt­m AhnsS ]rYznbp­v. FhnsS ]rYzn-
bp­v AhnsS Aán-bp-­v. AhÀ c­p-t]cpw tbm\n-I-fm-
Wv. AXm-bXv {]]-©-¯nsâ {kãm-¡-fmWv AhÀ Hcp
anYp-\-am-Ip-¶p.
BcmWv khn-Xmhv? BcmWv kmhn{Xn? hcp-W³
Xs¶ khn-Xm-hv. Pew kmhn-{Xn. hcp-W-\p-Ån-S¯v Pe-ap-
­v. Pe-ap-Ån-S¯v hcp-W-\pw. c­p t]cpw {]]-t©m-
ev]¯n IÀ¯m-¡-fmWv AhÀ anYp-\-am-W.v
BcmWv khn-Xmhv? BcmWv kmhn{Xn? hmbp Xs¶
khn-Xm-hv. BImiw kmhn-{Xn. FhnsS hmbp-hpt­m
AhnsS BIm-i-hp-ap-­.v AhÀ Hcp tbm\n-bm-Wv. Hcp anYp-
\-am- W.v
BcmWv khn-Xmhv? BcmWv kmhn{Xn? hmbp Xs¶
khn-Xm-h.v BImiw Xs¶ kmhn-{Xn-bpw. hmbp-hp-Ån-S¯v
BIm-i-ap-­v. BIm-i-ap-Ån-S¯v hmbphpw ChÀ bm\n-
bmWv Hcp anYp-\a
- m-W.v
BcmWv khn-Xmhv? Bcv kmhn{Xn? bÚ-amWv khn-
Xm- h.v OµÊv kmhn- {Xn-bpw, bÚ-ap-Ån-S¯v OµÊpw Oµ-
Êp-Ån-S¯v bÚ-hp-ap-­v. c­pw Hcp tbm\n-bm-Wv. Hcp
anYp-\-am-Wv.
BcmWv khn-Xmhv BcmWv kmhn{Xn? KÀÖn-¡p¶
taLw khn-Xmhpw hnZyp¯v kmhn-{Xn-bp-am-Wv. hnZyp¯pw
kmhn-{Xnbpw At`- Zy-am-Wv. c­pw Hcp tbm\nbpw Htc anYp-
\-hp-am-Wv.
khn- Xm-hm-cmWv? kmhn{Xn BcmWv? kqcy³ khn-Xm-
hpw. kzÀ¤-temIw kmhn-{Xn-bp-am-W.v c­pw tNÀ¶n-cn-¡p-
¶p. c­p-t]cpw Hcp tbmKn-\mWv Hcp anYp-\-hp-am-W.v
BcmWv khn-Xm-h,v BcmWv kmhn{Xn? a\vkkv khn-
Xmhpw hmWn kmhn-Xn-bp-am-Wv. a\-Êp-f-fn-S¯v hmWnbpw
hmWn- bp-Ån-S¯v a\-Êp-ap-­.v c­pw Htc tbm\n-bmWv Htc
anYp-\-am-Wv.
 820
I BcmWv khn-Xm-h,v BcmWv kmhn{Xn? ]pcp-js\ khn-Xm-
sh¶pw kv{Xo kmhn-{Xn-sb¶pw ]d-bp-¶p. FhnsS ]pcp-
j-\pt­m AhnsS kv{Xobp-­v. FhnsS kv{Xobpt­m
AhnsS ]pcp-j-\p-ap-­v. AhÀ c­p-t]cpw Hcp tbm\n-bm-
Wv. Hcp anYp-\-am-Wv.
10. Xkym Gh {]Yax ]mtZm `qkvXXv khn-XpÀh-
tcWy anXy-á nÀssh htcWy amt]m htcWyw
N{µam htcWyw Xkym Gh ZznXobx ]mtZm `ÀK-
atbm At]m `qthm `Àt¤m tZhky [oalo
XyánÀssh `q BZntXym ssh `À¤-Ý{- µam ssh
`À¤x Xkym Gh XrXobx ]mZx kzÀ[otbm tbm\x
{]tNm-Z-b m-ZnXn kv{Xn ssNh ]pcp- j Ý {]P-\ -
btXm tbm hm GXmw kmhn-{Xn-tahw thZ k
]p\À arXyp PbXn _em-Xn-_-etbm hncmSv ]pcpjx
Ejnx Kmb{Xo Oµx Kmb{Xo tZhXm BIm-tcm-
Im-c-a-Imcmx _oPmZymx £p[m-Zo\n ckt\ hn\n-
tbmKx ¢oan-XymZn jUw-K-\ymkx [ym\w
AarX Ic-X -em{Ku kÀh-kw-Po-h-\mVym
hL-l-cW - k- p-`£u thZ-kmtc abqtJ
{]W-h-a -b-h n-Imcu `mkvI-c m-Im-c-tZMu
kX-X-a\p `th f lw Xu _lm-Xo-_-em´u
Hmw {low. _te alm-tZhn {low alm _te
¢ow NXpÀhn-[-]p-cp-jmÀ#v-X-Yk
- n-²n-{]tZ XXv khn-
XpÀh-c-Zm-ßotI {low htcWyw `Àt¤m-tZ-hiv ]c-
Zm-ß n- tI, AXn- _ te kÀh-Z -b m- aqÀt¯, _te
kÀÆ-£p-{Z-{`-tam-]-\m-in\n [maln [ntbm tbmt\m
PmtX {]Np-cymtbm {]tNm-Z-bm-Xv, bmZm-ßntI {]W-
h-in-c-kvIm-ßn-tI, lpw ^Sv kzmlm Ghw hnZzm³
IrX-IrtXym `hXn kmhnXym Gh kmtem IXmw
PbXn CXyp-] -\n-j¯v
`qxþ XÕ-hn-XpÀh-tcWyw BWv kmhn-{Xn-bpsS {]Y-
a-]mZw Aán, Pew, N{µ³ F¶o tZh-·mÀ htc-Wy-am-W.v
1 kotXm-]-\n-j¯v
im´n- ] mTw
Hmw. `{Zw IÀt®-`nx {ipWp-bma tZhm-`{Zw
]tiy-am-£p-`nÀb-P {Xmx Ønssc-cw-ssK-k vXpjvSp
N P
kmhn-{Xn-bpsS ZzoXob ]mZw `qh-þ-B-Ip-¶p. `Àt¤m tZhky
K
[oa-ln-þ-AXv tXtPm-a- b-am-W.v Aán, kqcy³, N{µ³ F¶o
tZh-·m- cmWv `À¤-tX-P-Êp- IÄ. kmhn-{Xn- bpsS XrXob ]mZw
[otbm tbm \ {]tNm ZbmXv BWv. Cu kmhn{X tZhnsb
Krl-kvXm-{ i-a-[À½s¯ kwc-£n-¨p-sIm­v a\-Ên-em-
¡p¶ kv{Xo]p-cp-j-·mÀ ac-W-hn-ap-à-cm-Ip-¶p. AhÀ¡v
]p\-cm-hÀ¯-\-an-Ã.
_e, AXn-_e F¶ c­p hnZy-I-fp-­v. Ah-bpsS Ejn
hncm-Sv]p-cp-j\
- m-W.v Ah-bpsS OµÊpw tZh-Xbpw Kmb-
{Xn-bm-Ip-¶p. AXnse AImcw _oPhpw DImcw iànbpw
aImcw Ioe-I-hp-am-Ip-¶p, hni-¸n \n¶pÅ \nhr-¯n-¡m-
bn-«mWv CXnsâ hn\n-tbmKw ¢ow F¶ am[y-a-¯mÂ
CXnsâ jUw-K-\ymkw sN¿-Ww. Hmw ¢ow lrZ-bmb \ax
Hmw ¢ow inctk kzmlm, Hmw ¢ow inJmssb hj-Sv, Hmw
¢ow Ih-Nmb lpw, Hmw ¢ow t\{Xmb huj-Sv, Hmw ¢ow
Akv{Xmb ^Sv-þ-[ym\w
Rm³ _emXn- _- e-I-sf¶ hnZy-I-fpsS tZh- ·msc A\p-
`-hn- ¡p-¶p. AhÀ kqcys\ {]Im-i-h-¯m- ¡p-¶-hcpw {]mW-
kz-cq-]n-I-fpw, ambq-Jm-h-en tN˦-hcpw thZ-km-c-kz-cq-]n-
Ifpw ]m]m-]-lm-cn-Ifpw {]W-h-kz-cq-]-lm-cn-Ifpw kÀh-
hn[ kwPo-hn\n iàn¡v Ccn-¸n-S-§fpw Ic-X-e-¯nÂ
AarXw [cn-¡p-¶-h-cp-am-Ip-¶p _emXn _e-If - psS tZh-
·m-cpsS a{´w CXmWv
¢ow _te alm-tZhn {low alm-_ te ¢ow
NXpÀhn[ ]pcp-jmÀ° kn²n-{]-tZ, khn-XpÀ hc-
Zm-ßn-tI, {low htcWyw `Àt¤m AXn-_te kÀh-
Z- b m-a qÀt¯, _te kÀh-£ p-{Û- tam-] - \ m-i n-\ n,
[oaln [ntbm \ PmtX {]Np-c bm {]tNm-Z- b m-
ßntI {]Wh inc-kvIm-ßntI lpw ^Sv kzmlv.
C§s\ Cu hnZy-Isf Adn-bp-¶-h³ [\y-\m-bn-¯o-
cp-¶p. Ah³ kmhn-{Xn-tZ-hn-bpsS temIw {]m]n-¡m³
Ignhp t\Sp¶p F¶v D]-\n-j-¯v.
kmhn-{Xyp-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
3
hmw kkvX -\ p- `oÀ hytia tZh-l nXw bZmbpx
kzkvXn \ Ct{µm hr² {ihmx kzkvXn\x ]qjm
 821
I hniz-thZmx kzkvXn \ kvXmt£ym Acn-jvS-t\anx
kzkvXnt\m _rl-k v]-XnÀZ-[m-Xp.
tZh-·m-s c, R§Ä ImXp-I Ä sIm­p \ÃXp
tIÄ¡m-\n- S-h-c-s«. I®p-IÄ sIm­v \ÃXv ImW-s«. kpZr-
V-§-fmb AwK-§-fmepw tZl-¯mepw \n§sf kvXpXn-
¨p-sIm-­n-cn-¡-s«. tZh-·mÀ R§Ä¡v \nÝ-bn-¨n-«pÅ
BbpÊp apgp-h\pw R§Ä A\p-`-hn-¡-s«. alm-IoÀ¯n-
am-\mb C{µ³ R§Ä¡v \· sN¿-s«. A{]-Xn-tcm[
KXn-bmb Kcp-U³ R§Ä¡v \· sN¿-s«. _rl-kv]Xn
R§Ä¡v \· sN¿-s«.
1. tZhm l ssh {]Pm-]X- na {_qh³
Im koXm Inw
cq]m-anXn k tlm hm N {]Pm-]Xnx
km kotX-Xn.
2. aqe-{]-IrXn cq]-XzmXv km koXm {]IrXn
cpNy-tX.
3. koXm CXn {XnhÀ®m-ßm, km£m
-· m-bm-a-bn-`-thXv
hnjvWpx {]]© _oPw N ambm
CuImc DNytX
4. kImcx kXy-a-arXw {]m]vXnx
tkmaÝ IoÀ¯ytX
XIm-c-kvXmc e£vaym N sshcmPx
{]kvXcx kvarXx
{]Pm-]-Xn-bmb {_Òm-hn-t\mSv tZh-·mÀ Hcn-¡Â
tNmZn¨p: "koXm-tZ-hn-bpsS cq]w F§-s\-bmWv? Ah-À
BcmWv? AXv R§Ä¡v ]dªp XcnI?' {_Òmhp
C§s\ ]dªp: koX iàn kzcq-]n- Wn-bm-Wv. aqe {]Ir-
Xn-bm-b- Xn- \m B tZhnsb {]Ir-Xn-sb¶p ]d-bp- ¶p. {]W-
h-¯nsâ {]IrXn cq]nWn F¶ \ne-bnepw B tZhnsb
{]Ir-Xn-sb¶p ]d-bp-¶p. AhÀ km£m tbmK-amb
Xs¶-bm-Wv. koX F¶ \maw aq¶p hÀ®-ap-Å-Xm-Wv.
k¼qÀ® hniz-{]-]© - -¯nsâ _nPw `K-hm³ hnjvWp-
hm-Ip-¶p. At±-l¯ - nsâ tbmK-am-b-bpsS cq]w Cu Imc-
am-Wv. kIm-cs¯ kXyw, kn²n, N{µ³, {]m]vXn F¶n-
h-bpsS hmN-I-am-W.v ZoÀLm-Im-c-bp-à-amb aImcw hnkvX-
cn-¡p-¶Xpw alm-e£van cq]-t¯mSp IqSnbXmsW¶v ]d-
b-s¸-«n- «p-­v.
5. Cu Imc-cq-]nWn tkmam-ar-Xm-h-b-h-
Zn-hym-e-¦m-c-{kMv
auàn-Im-Zym-`-cW
- m-ew-IrXm alm-ambm
Ahyà cq]nWo hyàm `h-Xn.
6. {]Yam i_v Z {_Ò- a bo kzmZymb Imte
{]k¶m DZv`m-h\ Ico kmßoIm ZzXobm `qXte
N P
lemt{K kap-Xv]¶m XrXobm CuIm-c-cq-]nWo K
Ahyà kzcq]m `h-X oXn kotX XypZm-l-c´n
iu\-Io-tb.
CuImc cq]n-Wn-bmb Ahy-à-a-lm-amb Xsâ Aar-
Xm- ß- Imw-K-§-fnepw Znhy hn`q-j-W- §- fm Aew-Ir-X-bmbn
{]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. tZhn Xsâ H¶m-as¯ cq]-¯n i_vZ
{_Ò-ab - n-bm-Wv. AhÀ {]k-¶b - mbn _p²n cq]-¯nÂ
t_m[w {][m\w sN¿p-¶p. tZhn Xsâ ZznXob cq]-¯nÂ
`qan-bn {]Xy-£-s¸-«t¸mÄ P\-Ic - m-Pm-hnsâ bmK-`q-an-
bn lem-{K-¯nÂ\n¶pw {]Xy-£-s¸-«p. Ah-cpsS XrXo-
X-cq]w CuIm-c-a-bhpw Ahy-à-hp-am-Wv. Cu aq¶p cq]-
§-fp-sSbpw kwbpà cq]-¯n \n¶v koX F¶ \maw
D­m-bn-sb¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. C{]-Imcw iu\-Iob X{´-
¯nepw ]d-ªn-«p-­v.
7. {iocma km¶n-²y-hi
- m-ÖK
- Z- m-[mc ImcnWo
Dev]¯n ØnXn kwlmc ImcnWmw
kÀh-tZ-ln-\mw.
8. koXm `K-hXo tÖbm aqe-{]-IrXn kwPvRnXm
{]W-h-XzmXv {]Ir-Xn-cnXn hZ´n {_Ò-hm-Zn\
{iocm-asâ \nXy-km-¶n-²y-¯m koX PK-Zm-[m-c-Im-
cn-Wn-bm-Wv. AhÀ Xs¶-bmWv kÀh-{]m-Wn-I-fp-sSbpw
Dev]-¯n¡v tlXp. ØnXn kwlm-c-Im-cn-Wnbpw AhÀ
Xs¶. aqe-{]-Ir-Xn-sb¶p {]kn-²-amb `K-h-Xnbpw AhÀ
Xs¶. {]W-hk - z-cq- ]n-Wn-bm-I -bm {_Ò-Úm-\n-IÄ
Ahsc {]Ir-Xn-sb¶v ]d-bp-¶p.
9. AYm tXm {_Ò PnÚmkm CXn.
10. km kÀh-th-Z-abo kÀh-tZ-h-abo kÀh temI-
abo kÀh IoÀ¯n-a bo kÀh-[À½-abo kÀhm-
[mc Imcy-Im-c -W -abn alm e£va o. tZth-iky
`n¶m-` n¶ cq]m tNX\m tNX-\ m-ß nIm {_Ò
Ømh-cm-ßnIm XZvKp-W-IÀ½ hn`m-K-t`-ZmXv ico-
c-cq-]m. tZhÀjn a\pjy KÔÀh cq]m Akp-cc - m-
£k `qX-t{]X ]nimN `qXmZn `qX-ic - oc cq]m
`qtX-{µn-bm\n {]mW-cq-t]Xn N hnÚm-btX A\-
´cw {_Ò PnÚm-k.
AhÄ kÀh tZh-a-bnbpw kÀh-th-Zm-ßn-Ibpw kÀh-
tem-Im-ßn-Ibpw kÀh-IoÀ¯n-a-bnbpw kÀh-[À½m-ßn-
Ibpw kÀhm-[m-c-Im-cy-Im-c-Wm-ßn-Ibpw alm-e-£van-bp-am-
Wv. tZhn `K-hmsâ `n¶m-`n-¶-kz-cq-]n-Wnbpw tNX\m tNX-
\m-ßn-Ibpw {_Ò-Øm-]-cm-ßn-Ibpw XZvKpW IÀ½-hn-
`m-K-t`-Z¯
- m ico-cm-ßn-Ibpw tZhÀjn a\p-jy-K-ÔÀh
cq]n-Wnbpw Akp-c-cm-£k `qX-t{]X ]nim-Nm-Zn-If - psS
ico-c-`q-XIw kÀh-Po-hn-I-fp-sSbpw C{µn-b-a\ {]mW-cq-]n-
Wn- bp-am-Ip-¶p.
 822
I 11. km tZho {Xnhn[m `h-Xn. kàymk t\Ñm
iànx {Inbm-iànx
km£mXv iàn-cn-Xn.
12. CÑm imànx {Xnhn-[m-`-hXn {io`qan
\oem-ßnIm
`{Z kzcq-]nWo {]`m-h-cq-]nWo tkma-kq-cymán cq]m-
`-hX- n. tkmam-ßnIm Hmj-[o\mw {]`-hXn Iev]-hr£
]pjv]-^e eXm Kpevam-ßnIm Huj-[-t`-jP - m-ßnIm
AarX cq]m tZhm\mw alXv kvtXma ^e {]Zm Aar-
tX\ Xr]vXnw P\-b´n tZhm-\m-a-t¶\ ]iq\mw XrtW\
X¯-Öo-hm\mw kqcym-Zn-k-Ie `ph\ {]Im-in\n Znhm-N-
cm{Xn temIm-\n-ta-j-am-c`y LSn-Im-jvS-bma Znh-k-hmc
cm{Xn t`tZ\ ]£ amkÀXz-b\ kwh-Õ-ct- `-tZ\ a\p-
jymWmw iXmbpx Iev]-\bm {]Im-i-am\ Nnc-£n{] hy]-
tZ-ti\ \nta-j-am-c`y ]cmÀ²-]-cy´w Ime N{Iw PKXv
N{I-an-XymZn {]Im-tcW N{I-hXv ]cn-hÀ¯-am\mx kÀh-
ssky-X-sskyh Imeky hn`mK hntijmx {]Imi cp]mx
Ime-cq]m `h-´n.
B tZhn iàn-kz-cq-]n-Wn-bmbn CÑm-iàn {Inbm-
iàn km£mXv iàn F¶o cq]-§-fn {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-
¶p. tZhn-bpsS CÑm iàn-tbmSp IqSnb kzcq]w aq¶p
hn[-¯n-ep-­v. {iotZ-hn, `qtZhn \oem-tZhn F¶o cq]-§-
fnÂ. tZhn awK-f-cq-]nWn {]`mh-cq-]n-Wn, N{µ³, kqcy³,
Aán F¶o cq]-§-fnepw AXy´w tXP-kzn-\n-bmbn
{]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. tZhn N{µsâ cq]-¯n {]Xy-£-s¸«p
Hmj-[nIsf ]pjvSn-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. IqSmsX tZhn Iev]
hr£w, eX, Kpevaw, ]pjv]w, ]{Xw, ^ew Huj[§Ä,
alu-j-[-§-Ä F¶o cq]-§-fnepw {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. N{µ-
cq-]¯
- n tZhn-tZ-h· - mÀ¡v bÚ-^ew {]Zm\w sN¿p-
¶p. A¶w sIm­v Pohn-I-sfbpw AarXw sIm­v tZh-
·m-scbpw ]pÃp-sIm­v ]ip-¡-sfbpw Xr]vX-bm-¡p-¶p.
kqcym-Zn-IÄ¡p t]mepw {]Imiw \ÂIp¶ tZhn kI-e-
tem-Ihpw {]Im-ia - m-\-am-¡p-¶p. tZhn cm{Xn, ]IÂ, \nan-
jw, \mgn-I, ]£w, amkw, EXp, Ab-\w, kwh-Õcw
F¶o t`Z-¯m a\p-jy\v \qdp hbÊv {]Zm\w sNbvXp-
sIm­v kzbw {]Im-ik - z-cq-]n-Wn-bmbn hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p.
\nanjw XpS§n ]cmÀ²w hscbpw hnfw_ io{L-XmZo
t`Z-¯m ]cn-]qÀ®-Ime N{Ihpw FÃm AwK-{]-XywK
§fpw tZhn-bpsS kzcq]w Xs¶-bm-Wv. AXp-sIm­v tZhn
{]Im-ik- z-cq-]n-Wnbpw Ime- kz-cq-]n-Wn-bp-am-Ip-¶p.
15. Aán-cq]m A¶-]m-\mZn {]mWn\mw
£q¯rjv WmßnIm
tZhm\mw apJ cq]m h\u-j-[o\mw
iotXm-jvW -cq]m
ImjvtT-jz-´À _lnÝ \nXym-\nXy
cq]m-`- hX
- n.
N P
Aán kzcq-]n-Wn-bmbn Pohn-IÄ¡v A¶ ]m\m-Zn-I-
K
fmepw tkhn-¡p- ¶-Xn\v hni- ¸n-sâbpw Zml-¯n-sâbpw cq]-
¯nepw tZh-·mÀ¡v apJy cq]-¯nepw hr£-e-Xm-Zn-IÄ¡v
iotXmjvW cq]-¯nepw hr£-¯nsâ DÅnepw ]pd¯pw
\nXym-\n-Xym-cq-]-¯nepw ØnXn sN¿p-¶p.
16. {iotZhn {Xnhn[w cq]w IrXzm `K-h Xv k¦-
ev]m\p KptWy\ temI-c£ - -WmÀ°w cq]w [mc-
b-Xn. {incnXn e£vao-cnXn e£y-amWm `h-XoXn
hnÚm-b-tX.
17. `qtZho kkm-K-cmw`x k]vXZ- zo]m hkp-Ôcm
`qcmZn NXpÀZi `qh-\ m-\m-a m-[m-c -`qXm {]Whm
ßnIw `h-Xn.
18. \oem N apJ hnZyp-X-·m-en\o kÀhu j[o\mw
kÀh-{]m-Wn\mw t]mj-WmÀ°w kÀh cq]m-`-h-Xn.
19. kakvX `ph-\-kymt[m `mtK Pem-Im-cm-ßnIm
aWvUq-I-a-tbXn `ph-\m-[m-tcXn hnÚm-bt- X.
20. {Inbm-iàn kzcq]w ltcÀap-Jm-¶mZx X¶m-
ZmZv _nµpx _ntµm-tcmw-Imcx Hm¦mcmXv ]c-tam-cma
sshJm-\k ]ÀhXx XXv ]ÀhtX IÀ½-Úm\
abo-`nÀ _lp-imJm `h-´n.
{iotZhn cq]-¯n aq¶p-hn-[-¯n cq]w [cn-¡p¶
koXm-tZhn kÀh-temI§fpw kwc-£n-¡p-¶X - n\v {]Xy-
£-s¸-Sp-¶p. B L«-¯n tZhn-bpsS kzcq]w e£van-
bpsS cq]-¯n-emWv ImW-s¸-Sp-I. kap-{Z-ß, k]vX-Zzo-]m-
ßI ]rYzn-bpsS cq]-¯n ]Xn-¶mep temI-¯n\pw
B{i-b-`q-X-bmbn {]W-hc - q-]¯
- n tZhn {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-
¶p. tZho-kz-cq-]-¯n\v `qtZhn F¶v ]d-bp-¶p. hr£m-
ZnIfpsSbpw Pohn-If- p-sSbpw t]mj-W-¯n\v kÀh-kz-cq-
]n-Wnbpw hnZyp-ßm-bm-ap-Jn-bp-amb \oem-tZ-hn-bpsS cq]-
¯n tZhn {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p. B BZn-iàn Xs¶
kIe`ph-\-§-fp-sSbpw ASn-bn Pe-cq-]¯ - n `ph-\-
§Ä¡v B{i-b-ambn hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p. `K-hm³ hnjvWp-
hnsâ apJ-¯p-\n¶pw koX-bpsS B {Inbm-ià - n-cq]w
\m\m-cq-]¯
- n {]I-S-am-bn. B \mZ-¯nÂ\n¶v _nµphpw
_nµp-hnÂ\n¶v Hmw¦m-chpw D­m-bn. Hm¦m-c-¯n-\p-a-¸p-
d¯v cma-\m-Ip¶ sshJm-\k ]Àh-X-ap-­v. AXn\v IÀ½-
s¯bpw Úm\-s¯bpw kw_-Ôn¨ ]e imJ- Ifpw D­v.
21. X{X {ibo-abw imkv{X-amZyw kÀhm
XY ZÀi\w
EKv bÖpx kma-cq-]X
- zmXv {XboXn
]cn IoÀ¯nXm
22. tlXp\m Imcy-kn-t²\ NXpÀ°m
]cn-IoÀ¯nXm
EtNm bÖpw jn kmam\yYÀhmw
Knc-k-kv XYm
 823
I 23. NmXpÀtlm{X {][m\ XzmXv enwKmZn
{XnXbw {Xbo.
AYÀhmw Knckw cq]w kma EKv
bÖq- cm- ßIw
24. XYm Zni-´ym-`n-Nmc kmam-t\y\ ]rYIv ]rYIv
GI-hn-izXn imJm-bm-ar-tKzZx ]nc-IoÀ¯nXx
25. iXw N \h-im-Jmkp b Öpjm tah P·\m
kmav\x kl-{k-imJm kypx ]©-imJm
AYÀhWx
26. sshJm-\k aX-kvXk - van-¶mZu
{]Xy£ ZÀi\w
kvacytX ap\n-`nÀ \nXyw sshJm-\k
aXx ]cw.
27. Ievt]m hymI-cWw in£m \ncpàw
tPymXnjw Oµ GXm-\nj UwKm-\n.
28. D]mw-Ka
- -b\w ssNh aoamw km \ymb hnkvXmcx
[À½Ú tkhn-XmÀ°w N thZ thtZm
[nIw XYm
29. \n_Ômx kÀh imJm N kabm
Nmc kwK-Xn.
[À½ imkv{Xw alÀjoWm a´x-I-cW
kw`rXw
30. CXn-lmk ]pcm-WmJy ap]mwKw N
{]IoÀ¯nXw
hmkvXp-thtZm [\pÀthtZm KÔÀh
Ý XYm apt\
BbpÀth-ZÝ ]ss©tX D]-thZmx
{]IoÀ¯nXmx
31. ZWvtUm \nXnÝ hmÀ¯m N hnZym hmbp
Pbx ]cx
GI-hnw-iXn t`tZmbw kz {]Imix
{]IoÀ¯nXx
AXn kÀhmÀ°-§fpw hyà-am-¡p¶ thZ-{Xbn
F¶ BZn-imkv{Xw `hn-¡p-¶p. thZ-{Xbn EIv, bPp-Êv,
kmaw Ch-bm-Wv. AXv \mep \maw tNÀ¶-Xmbn bÚ-
IÀ½-¯m tZh-kz-cq]w hyà-am-¡p¶ aq¶p thZ-§Ä
am{Xta {][m-\-ambn ]cn-KW
- n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p-Åq. \mem-a-t¯-
Xmb AYÀhmw-Kn-ckv BZys¯ aq¶p thZ-§-f psS
kzcq]w Xs¶-bm-Wv. EtKz-Z-¯n\v Ccp-]¯n H¶pw bPpÀ
th-Z-¯n\v \qän H³]Xpw kma-t h-Z -¯n\v Bbn-chpw 35. CÑm-iàn {Xnhn[m {]P-bm-hØ
AYÀh-th-Z-¯n\v A©pw imJ-I-fp-s­¶v ]d-bs¸-Sp-¶p. WmÀ°w `K-htXm Z£n-W-h£
Ch-bn sshJm-\-k- aXw Xs¶- bmWv {]Xy- £-ZÀi-\-ambn IrXnÀ `qXzm hn{im-ay-XoXn km tbmK iànx
]cn-K-Wn-¨ n-«p-Å-X v. AXn-\m ap\n-amÀ sshJm-\ kw
N P
Xs¶ kvacn- ¡p-¶p. Úm\n-IÄ thZ-§-tfm-sSm¸w Iev]w, K
hymI-cW
- w, in£, \ncp-àw, tPymXn-jw, Oµ-Êv F¶o
Bdp thZmw-K-§fpw \ymbw, aoamw-k, imkv{X-hn-kvXmcw
F¶o aq¶v D]mw-K§ - fpw ]Tn-¡p-¶p. ]pcm-tW-Xn-lm-k-
§Ä hmkvXp-th-Zw, [\pÀth-Zw, KmÔÀh-thZw F¶o
A©p D]-t hZ§fp-ap-­ v. Ch-t bm-s Sm¸w hym]m-c w,
ZWvUw, \oXn, ]c-XX - z-ØnXn apX-em-b-hbpw kz{]-Im-
in-X-§-fmb ikv{X-§-fm-Ip-¶p.
32. sshJm-\k Etjx ]qÀÆw hnjvtWmÀ hmWo
kapZv `thXv
{Xbo cqt]W k¦ev]y C°w tZlo
hnPrw-`tX
33. kwJym cqt]W k¦ev]y sshJm\k
Etjx ]pcm
DZntXm bmZrix ]qÀhw XmZriw irWp
taJnew
iizZv {_Ò-abw cq]w {Inbm-iàn
cp{Zm-l rXw
BZy-L-«-¯n sshJm-\-k-Ej
- n-bpsS lrZ-b-¯nÂ
`K-hm³ hnjvWp-hnsâ hmWn {]I-S-am-bn. AtX hmWn
Xs¶ thZ-{Xb cq]-¯n k¦-ev]n-¡s - ¸-«p. sshJm-k-
\³ B hmWnsb kwJym-cq-]¯ - n {_Òm-ß-Ic - q]w
Xs¶ {_Òm-ßI cq]w [cn-¡p¶ {Inbm iàn Xs¶
`K-hmsâ km£m iàn-sb¶v hyà-am¡n sImSp-¯p.
34. km£mXv iàÀ`-Kh - Xx kvacW am{Xm-cq]m
BhnÀ `mh {]mZpÀ `mhm-ßnIm \n{K-lm-\p-{Kl
cq]m im´n tXtPm-cq]m hyàm-hyà Imc-W-N-
cW ka-{Km-h-bh apJ-hÀ® t`Zm t_Z cq]m `K-
hXv kl-N m-co-W y-\-] m-bn-\y-\-h -c X klm-{i-bn-
Wyp-Z nXm \pZnXm Imcm \nta-tjm-t·j krjvSn
ØnXn kwlmc Xntcm-[m-\m-\p-{K-lmZn kÀh-iàn
kmaÀ°ymXv km£mXv iàn-coXn KnbtX
AhÀ {]]-©-¯nsâ cq]-§sf {]I-S-am-¡n-s¡m­v
`K-hmsâ CÑ-sIm­v am{Xw Cu Zriy- {]-]-©-¯n kzbw
hyà-am-Ip-¶p. AhÀ \n{Km-\p-{Kl cq]n-Wnbpw im´n-
tXtPm cq]n-Wnbpw hyàm-hy-à-Im-c-W-`q-Xbpw `K-hmsâ
kl-Nm-cn-Wnbpw At±-l-¯n \n¶pw A`n¶bpw {]`p-
hns\ kam-{i-bn-¡p-¶hfpw hmNyhpw Ahm-Ny-hp-amb cq]-
t¯m-Sp-IqSnbhfpw \nta-tjm-t·-j-§Ä, DXv]-¯n, ØnXn
hn\m-iw, Xntcm-[m\w A\p-{Klw F¶n-hbv¡v Ign-hp-Å-
hepw Ahn-\m-in-\n-bm-b-Xn-\m km£m iàn-sb¶v
]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶-hfpw BWv.
- mbmw hn{i-a-
- -Øte {iohÕm
 824
I koX-bpsS CÑm-k-ànsb kw_-Ôn-¡p¶ cq]w
aq¶p hn[-am-Wv. B tbmK-iàn Xs¶-bmWv {]f-b-Im-
e¯v hn{i-amÀ°w `K-hmsâ amÀhn-S-¯n he-¯p-`m-
K¯v {ioh-Õ-¯nsâ BIr-Xn-bn hn{i-an-¡p-¶-Xv.
36. t`mK iànÀ t`mK-cq]m Iev] hr£
Imat[\p Nn´m-aWn iwJ ]ß \n[ymZn
\h-\n[n kam-{inXm `K-h-Zp-]m-kI
- m\mw
Ima-\bm `àn-bpàm \cw \nXy ss\an
¯nI IÀ½ `ncán tlm{Xm-Zn-`nÀhm
ba-\n-b-am-k\ {]mWm-bma {]Xym-lmc [ym
\ [mcWm kam-[n-`nÀ hme-a-\© `n
tKm]p-c-{]m-Im-cmZn `nÀhn-am-\mZn `nx kl
`K-h-Zzn-{l-Kmˬm ]qtPm ]I-cssW cˬ
ss\x kv\m\m-Zn-`nÀhm ]nXr ]qPm-Zn`n
c¶ ]m\m-Zn-`nÀ hm `K-hXv {]oXyÀ°
apàzm kÀhw {Inb-tX.
koXm-tZhn Xs¶-bmWv t`mK-cq-]n-Wo-i-àn. AhÄ
Iev] hr£mZn \h-\n-[n-If - n \nh-kn-¡p-¶p. tZhn `K-
hZv `à-·m-cpsS CÑm-\n-Ñ-b-\p-k-cn¨v \nXy-ss\-an-¯nI
IÀ½-¯n bÚm-Zn-IÀ½-§Ä baw, \nb-aw, Bk-\w,
{]mWm-bm-aw, {]Xym-lm-cw, [ym\w, [mc-W, kam[n F¶n
h aptJ\ D]m-kn-¡p-¶h - À¡v D]t`mK¯n\p th­n hn`n-
¶-t`mK§sf \ÂIp¶p. tZhn Xs¶-bmav `K-hZv hn{Kl
]qP-bv¡m-bpÅ kma-{Kn-Ifpw XoÀ°-P-ehpw A¶hpw
ckhpw Iev]n¨v \ÂIp-¶-Xv.
37. AYmtXm hoc-ià - n-Ý-XÀ `pPm A`b hc-Z] - -
ß-[cm Inco-Sm-`-c-W-bpXm kÀh-tZsshx ]cn-hrXm
Iev]-X-cp-aqte NXpÀ`nÀKssPx cXv\ LssS carX
Psse-c-`n-jn-¨ -am\m kÀh-tZ-hs
- sXÀ {_Òm-Z n-`nÀ
hµy-am\m AWn-am-ZyjvssSizcy bqXm kwaptJ
1 kqtcym-]-\n-j¯v
im´n]mTw
Hmw `{Zw IÀt®`nx irWpbma tZh `{Zw ]tiy
am£`nÀbP{Xmx ØnsscwssK kvXpjv Sphmwk
N P
K
Ima- t [- \ p\m kv X qb- a m\m thZ- i m- k v { Xm- Z n`nx
kvX pb-a m\m Pbm-X y-] vk cx kv {Xo`nx ]cn- N cy
amWm BZnXy tkmam`ymw Zo]m`ymw {]Im-iy-am\m
Xpw_pcp \mc- Z mZn`nÀKo- b - a m\m cmIm- k n\o
hmeo`ymw Ot{X-W-Ëm-Zn\o ambm`ymw Nma-tcW
kzmlm-kzm-[m`ymw hyP-t\\ `rKp-] pWym Zn`n-c-
Zyˬ-am\m tZho Znhy-knw-lm-kt\ ]Zvam-k-\m-cq-
V, kI-e -I m- c W Imcy- I co e£v a oÀ tZhky
]rYIv `h\ Iev]\m Aew-N-Im-cØ - ncm {]k-¶-
tem-N -\, kÀh-tZ-hssXx ]qPy-a m\m hoc-e-£va o-
cnXn hnÚm-bX CXyp-]\ - n-j-¯v.
NXpÀ`pP§tfmSp IqSn-b-XmWv koXm-tZ-hn-b psS
hociàn-cq-]w. tZhn-bpsS ssII-fn hc-Z-ap{Z A`-b-ap-
{Z, c­p Xma-c, F¶nh tim`n¡p-¶p. tZhn-In-co-S-¯mepw
aäv B`-cW - §- -fmepw kam-ew-Ir-Xb - m-W.v \mev shfp¯
B\-IÄ, cXv\J - -Nn-X-amb Ie-i§ - -fnÂIqSn Aar-X-Pew
sIm­v tZhnsb A`n-tjIw sN¿p-¶p. tkh-I-·mÀ Npäpw
\nev¡p-¶p. {_Òmhv XpS-§nb tZh-·mÀ tZhnsb kvXpXn-
¡p- ¶p. AWn-am- Zn- I-fmb AjvssS- iz- cy- §- fm k¼-¶-bmb
e£van-kz-cq-]n-Wn-bmb koXm-tZ-hnsb Ima-t[\p hµn-¡p-
¶p. thZ imkv{Xm-Zn-IÄ tZh-·m-cpsS cq]w ]q­v tZhnsb
hµn-¡p-¶p. PbmZn tZhmw-K\ - a
- mÀ ]cn-Nc - n-¡p-¶p. cmI
F¶pw kn\o-hmen F¶pw t]cpÅ c­p tZhn-amÀ IpS-
]n-Sn-¡p-¶p. ËmZn-\nbpw ambbpw sh¬Nm-acw hoip-¶p.
kzmlbpw kz[bpw hni-dn-sIm­p hoip-¶p. {`Kp XpS-
§nb alm-ßm-¡Ä ]qP sN¿p-¶p. kqcy N{µ-·mÀ Zo]-
cq-]-¯n {]Imiw hnX-dp-¶p. Xpw_pµ \mc-Zm-Zn-IÄ tZhn-
bpsS KpW IoÀ¯\w \S-¯p-¶p. tZhn Znhy knwlm-k-
\-Ø-amb AjvS-Zf Ia-e-¯n hncm-Pn-¡p-¶p. B tZhn
Xs¶-bmWv kIe Imcy Imc-W§ - -fpsS hn[m-{Xn. tZhn
Znhym-`c
- W hn`q-jn-X-bmWv. tZh-·m-cm ]qPn-X-bmbn
{]k¶ t\{X-bmbn ØnXn-sN-¿p¶ hoc-e£van Xs¶-
bmWv koXm-tZhn. tZhnsb `àn]qÀÆw [ym\n-¡p-I.
kotXm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
3
kvX\q`nhytia tZhlnXw bZm bpx kzkvXn \
Ct{µm hr² {ihmx kzkvXn \x ]pjm hniz thZm
kzkvXn \ kvXmÀt£ym AcnjvSt\anx kzkvXn t\m
_ylkv]XnÀZ[mXp Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
 825
I ]qP\obcmb tZh·msc, R§Ä sNhnIfm awKfw
tIÄ¡pamdmIs«. kpZri§fmb AwK§fmepw tZl
¯mepw \n§sf kvXpXn¨p sIm­v tZh·mÀ R§Ä¡p
\nÝbn¨n«pff BbpÊp apgph³ A\p`hn¡m\nShcs«.
alm IoÀ¯nam\mb C{µ³ R§Ä¡v awKfacpfs«.
kÀhhpadnbp¶ ]pjmhv R§Ä¡v awKfw \ÂIs«.
_ylkv] Xn awKfacpfs«. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
lcn Hmw AYkqcywKnkw hymJymkymax
{_Òm Ejn Kmb{Xo Oµx BZntXymtZhIm
lwkx tkmf laán\mcmbWbpàw _oPw
lrtÃJmiànx hnbZmZn kÀ¤kwbpàw IoeIw
NXpÀhn[]pcpjmÀ° kn²yÀt° hn\ntbmKx
jSvkzcmcqtV\ _otP\ jUwKw càmw _pP
kwØnXw k]vXmizcYn\w lncWyhÀ®w NXpÀ
`pPw]ßZzbm`bhcZlkvX w ImeN{I {]tW
Xmcw {io kqcy \mcmbWw b Ghw thZ k ssh
{_mÒWx Hmw `pÀ`phkx Hmw XXv khnXpÀh-
tcWyw `Àt¤m tZhky [oaln [ntbm tbm\
{]tNmZbmX v k qcy B ßm PKXm Ø pjÝ
kqcymssZz Jeznam\n `qXm\n Pmbt´ kqcym
ZyÚx ]ÀPt\ym A¶amßm \akvX BZnXy
Xztah {]Xy£w {_Òmkn Xz tah {]Xy£w
hnjv W p ckn Xztah {]Xy£w cpt{Zmf kn
Xztah arKkn. Xztah {]Xy£w bÖpckn.
Xztah {]Xy£w kamkn. Xztah {]Xy£aYÀ
hmkn. Xztah kÀhw Otµm f kn. BZnXymZzm
bpÀ PmbtX. BZnXymZv `qanÀ PmbtX. BZnXymZm
t]m Pmbt´. BZnXymXv tPymXnÀ PmbtX.
BZnXymXv thyma Zntim Pmbt´. BZnXym tZhm
Pmbt´. BZnXym tZzZm Pmbt´. BZntXym hm
Gj GX·WvUew X]Xn AkmhmZntXym {_Ò
BZntXym´x IcW at\m _p²n Nn¯ml¦mcmx
B Z ntXy m ss hhym\x k am\m]mt\ mZmt\m
{]mWxBZntXym ssht{im{XXzIv N£pk\m
{LmWmx BZntXym sshhmIv] mWn]mZ ]mbp
]Ømx BZntXym sshi_vZ kv] Ài cq]ckK
Ômx BZntXym sshhN\m Zm\Ka\ hnÊÀ¤m
\µmx B\µatbm Úm\atbm hnÚm\ambx
BZnXyx
A\´cw kqcys\ kw_Ôn¨ AYÀhthZob a{´-
§Ä hymJym\n¡mw. Cu a{´¯nsâ Ejn {_Òmhm-
Ip¶p. OµÊv Kmb{Xn tZhX kqcy\pw ""lwk tkm f
lw Aán \mcmbWbpàamWv _oPw. lytÃJ iàn.
hnbZmZn kwkÀ¤ kwbpàw IoeIw. CXnsâ hn\ntbm-
Kw \mephn[¯nepff ]pcpjmÀ°¯n\mWv. Bdp
kzc§fn {]XnjvTXamb _oPt¯msSm¸w jUwK-
càIae¯n ØnX\pw Ggp Aiz§sf sI«nb
cY¯n A[ncqV\pw lncWyhÀ®\pw \mep`pP§-
N P
fn Iaew hcap{ZmßIamb ImeN{I¯nsâ hn[mbXzw K
Cu \nebn kqcytZhs\ Adnbp¶h³ Xs¶bmWv
{_mÒW³. kqcy \mcmW³ {]Wh¯nsâ AÀ°`qX-
amb NnXv kXv B\µab\mWv. `qx `phx kx cq]¯nÂ
ss{XtemIymßI\mWv. hnizcNbnXmhmb At±l-
¯nsâ tXPÊns\ R§Ä [ym\n¡p¶p B `Khm³
R§fpsS _p²nsb th­ hn[¯n t{]cn¸n¡s«.
kqcy³ k¼qÀ®Ømhc PwKa§fpsS BßmhmIp¶p.
At±l¯n \n¶mWv Cu `qX§sfÃmw D­mbn«pffXv
.At±l¯n \n¶p Xs¶ bÚ§Ä taLw Bßmhv
FÃm BhnÀ`pXambn. AÃtbm BZnXym,R§Ä
A§sb \akvI cn¡p¶p. A§p Xs¶ IÀ½hpw
IÀ¯mhpw A§pXs¶ {_mÒmhpw hnjv W phpw.
A§pXs¶ cp{Z³, E¡, bÖpÊv , kmaw, AYÀhw
CsXms¡ A§p Xs¶. A§v k¼qÀ® Oµ cq]\mWv.
BZnXy\n \n¶pw Xs¶bmWv hmbp, `pan, Pew,
tPymXnÊv, BImiw, Zn¡pIÄ FÃmw D­mbn«pffXv.
At±l¯n \n¶mWv tZh·mÀ DÛhn¨Xv. thZ§fpsS
D e v ] ¯ nb p w A t ± l ¯ n \ n¶ p X s ¶ . C u
{_ÒmWvUs¯ BZnXy\mWv. X]n¸n¡p¶Xv. BZnXy³
Xs¶bmWv {_Òw. A´xIcW cq]hpw At±lw Xs¶.
]©{]mW§fpsS cq]¯n {]XnjvTXambncn¡p¶Xpw
kqcy³ Xs¶. ]t©{µnb§fpsS cq]¯n Imcy§Ä
sN¿p¶Xpw B tZh³ Xs¶. Úm\hnÚm\bpà\pw
B\µab\pw Cu BZnXy\mIp¶p.
\tam an{Xmb `m\thartX ymÀ am ]ml n.
{`mPnjvWth hniz tlXth \ax kqcymXv `h´n
`qXm\n kqtcyW ]menXm\ Xp kqtcyebw
{]]v\ ph´n bx kqcym tkmltah N N£pÀ
[mct\m tZhx khnXm N£pÀt\m tZhx khnXm
N£pÀ\ DX ]ÀhXx N£pÀ[mXm Z[mXp\x
BZnXymb hnZva tl kl{k IncWmb [oaln
X¶x kqcyx {]tNmZbmXv khnXm ]Ým¯mXv
k hnX m ] p c kvX mX v kh ntX m¯ cmÀ ¯ mX v
khnXm [c¯mXv khnXm \x kphXp kÀhXm
Xncw khnXm t\m cmkXmw ZoÀL ambpx HmantXy
Im£cw {_Ò LrWncnXn tZzA£tc kqcy
CXy£c Zzbw BZnXy CXn {XoWy£cmWn
GXsskhy kqcyky Ajv Sm£tcm a\px bx
kZmlc lÀP]Xn k ssh {_mÒtWm`hXn k
ssh {_mÒtWm `hXn kqcym`naptJmP]vX zm
alm hym[n`bmXv {]apNytX Ae£vaoÀ \iyXn
A`£y `£WmXv ]qtXm `hXn AKaymKa\mXv
]qtXm `hXn ]XnX kw`mjWmXv ]qtXm `hXn
AkXv kw`mjWmXv ]qtXm `hXn a[ymtÓ
kqcym`napJx ]tTXv ktZymXv]¶ ]©alm]mX
ImXv {]apNytX ssk jmw kmhn{Xow hnZym \
In©nZ]n \ IkvssaNnXv {]iwktbXv b GXmw
 826

I alm`mKx {]mXx ]TXn k `mKyhm³ PmbtX
]iq³ hncptX thZmÀ° m³ e`tX {XnIme
taXXv P]vX zm {IXpiX^eahm]vt\mXn tbm
lkvX m ZntXy P]Xn k alm arXypw XcXn k
almarXypw XcXn b Ghw thZ CXn kqtcym
]\njXv
an{X tZh\v \akvI mcw. kqcy `Khm\v \akvImcw.
`Khms\, acW¯n \n¶v Fs¶ c£n¡pI. hniz
¯n\v ImcW`qX\pw tXPkznbpamb kqcy\v \akvImcw.
kqcy\n \n¶mWv Cu kIe NcmNc {]mWnIfpsSbpw
Dev]¯n D­mbn«pffXv. AhsbsbÃmw kwc£n¡p¶-
Xpw kqcy³ Xs¶bmWv.Ahkm\w kIePohnIfpw
At±l¯n eo\\mbn `hn¡p¶p. B kqcy³ Rm³
Xs¶bmWv. khnXmhmb tZh³ \½psS I®mWv. kIe
Xns\bpw [mcWw sN¿p¶ kqcy³ \½psS t\{X§Ä¡v
ZÀi\ iàn \ÂIp¶p. kl{k civanbmb `mkvIcs\
R§Ä [ym\n¡p¶p. kqcytZh³ R§Ä¡v t{]cW
\ÂIs« ]pdInepw ap¼nepw sX¡pw hS¡psaÃmw
K
kqcytZh³ Xs¶bmWv. B khnXm tZh³ R§Ä¡p
th­n kIeXpw Dev]¶am¡s«. At±lw R§Ä¡v
ZoÀLmbpÊv \ÂIs«. Hmw cq]¯nepff GIm£ca{´w
{_ÒamIp¶p. "LrWn kqcy³ c­pw c­£capff
a{´§fmWv. BZnXy³ F¶Xn aq¶v A£c§Ä D­v.
CsXÃmw tNÀ¶v kqcy\mcmbWsâ AjvSm£c a{´w
D­mbncn¡p¶p. Cu a{´w F¶pw P]n¡p¶hÀ
{_ÒbÚ\mbn¯ocp¶p. kqcy\v A`napJambn \n¶v
tamN\w e`n¡p¶p. Zmcn{Zhpw ]m]hpw AIep¶p. ]©
alm]m]hpw \in¡pw Cu kmhn{Xo hnZysb¸än
BcpsS ap¶nepw {]iwkn¡cpXv. GsXmcmÄ {]`mX
¯nÂCXv P]n¡p¶p. Ah³ `mKyhm\mIp. arK§Ä
e`n¡m\nSbmIpw. thZmÀ° Úm\ap­mIpw. kqcy³
A¯w \£{X¯n \n¡p¶ Zphkw CXp P]n¨Â
alm arXyphns\ XWw sN¿p¶p.
kqtcym]\njXv kam]n¨p.

1 ku`m-Ky-e£vao D]-\n-j¯v 3
im´n- ] mTw H¶mw JWvUw
Hmw. hmMv ta a\kn {]Xn-jvTnXm at\m ta 1. AY `K-h´w tZhmN DuNpx tl `K-h³ \x
hmNn {]Xn-jvTnX amhn-c m-hnÀ a G[n thZ-kya IYb ku`mKy e£vao hnZymw
BWo Øx {ipXw ta am {]lmko At\ \m[o-
2. XtYXn Athm-N Xv `K-h m³ BZn-\ m-cm-bWx
tX\m tlm cm{XmXv kwZ-[man EXw hZn-jyman
kÀh- t Zhmx bqbw kmh- [ m- \ - a - \ tkm `qXzm
kXyw hZn-jyman X·m-a-hX - v. XZz-àm-ca
- -hXp Ah-
irWpXw Xpcob cp]mw Xpco-bm-XoXmw kÀthm-
Xp-amw. Ah-Xp-h-àm-ca
- -hXp hàm-cw. Hmw. im´nx
XvISmw kÀh-a{´m k\-KXmw ]otTm ]oT tZhXm
im´nx im´nx
]cn-hrXmw NXpÀ`pPmw {inbw lnc-W y-hÀ®mw
Fsâ hm¡v a\-Ên Ønc-am-bn-cn-¡-s«. Fsâ a\Êv CXn. ]© Zi EKv `nÀ [ymtb-Xv.
hm¡n {]Xn-jvTn-X-am-bn-cn-¡s - «. kzbw {]Im-im-ßmthm
tZh-·mÀ `K-hm-\mb BZn \mcm-b-W-t\mSv ]dªp:þ
A§v Fsâ ap¶n {]Xy-£-am-I-tW. AÃtbm at\m-hm-
""`K-hm-t\, R§Ä¡v ku`mKy e£vao hnZy D]-tZ-in-¨p-
¡p- I-sf, \n§Ä Fsâ thZ-Úm-\-¯n- \m-[m-c-am-W.v AXp-
X-¶m-epw. `K-hm³ ]dªp:þ ""A§s\ Xs¶. tZh-·m-
sIm­v Fsâ thZm-[ym-b-\s¯ \in-¸n-¡-cp-Xv. thZm-[y-b-
sc, \n§Ä FÃm-hcpw GIm-{K-Nn-¯-cmbn tIÄ¡p-hn³
\-¯n Xs¶ Rm³ cmhpw ]Iepw Nne-hg- n-¡p-¶p. am\-
Øqew, kq£vaw, ImcWw F¶o aq¶v Ah-Ø-IÄ¡pw
kn- I- ambpw hmNn- I- ambpw Rm³ kXyw ]dbpw Fs¶ c£n-
D]-cn-bmbn Xpco-bm-hØ- bv¡pw AXm-b-Xv, AXn\pw D]-
¡-s«. hàm-hns\ c£n-¡-s«. Fs¶ c£n-¡-s«. hmàm-
cn-bmbn \nÀKp-Whpw im´-hp-amb cq]-t¯mSp IqSn-b-hfpw
hns\ c£n-¡-s«. Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx
kÀh-a-{´m-ku-Øbpw ]oT-§-fnepw D]-]o-T-§-fnepw hnco-
N P
 827

I Pn-¡p-¶h- fpw tZh-·m-cm ]cn-tk-hn-Xbpw \mep `pP§ ENm XZv _ln`yx ip NncnXn amXr-Ibm b {iobw K
tfmSp IqSn-b-h-fp-amb e£vao-tZ-hnsb ]Xn-\-©p E¡p-I- b{´mwK ZiIw N hnenJy {inb-am-hm-l-tb-Xv.
sf-s¡m­v [ym\n-¡-Ww.
6. AwssKx {]Yam hrXnx ]Zvam-Zn-`nÀ ZznXo-bm-tem-
3. AY ]©-Zi EKm-ßI - ky {io kv{XWvU-kym- tI-ssi-kvXr-Xo-bm. XZm bmssZ kvXpcobm hrXnÀ
\-µI- À±a Nn¢o-tX-µn-cm-kpXm Ej-bx-{iocn jymZym `hXn {iokp-ssà-cm-hm-l-\mZn tjm Ui-k-l-{k-
EN N XpÀ Z im\ mw EN mw B \ µw Ej bw P]x
lncWyhÀ®m-Z ymXv b{X bkym \jvSp]v Oµx
7. ku`m-Ky-c -ssa-I m-£ cym `rKp-\n-N rZv Kmb{Xn
Imwtkm Akva oXy ky _rlXo Oµx XZ-\y- {inb Ejym-Zbx ianXn _oP-iànx {ioan-X ym-Z n-
tbmÀ Zztbm kv{XojvS ]v ]p\-c-jvSI kym\p-jvT-
j-UwKw
]-ti- j ky {]kv X mc ]wànx {XyánÀ tZhXm
lncWy hÀ®m- a nXn _oPw Imwtkm kva oXn 8. `qbm-Zv`qtbm Zzn]-Zvam-`b hc-ZI- cm X]vX-ImÀ¯
iànx lnc- × bm N{µ- c - P X {kPm lncWym kzcm`mw ip{_m-{`m-t`` bpÜ Zzb-I -c-[rX Ip`m-
l nc W y h À t® - X n- { ] - W - h mZ n \ tams s ´ Zv`n-c m-kn-Ny-am\m cXv\u Lm _²-au-enÀ hnae
ÝXpÀ°y ss´cw-K\ - ymkx AY h{à {Xssb- Xc-Zp-Iq-emÀ¯-hm-te-]\ - m-Vym, ]Zvam£o ]Zva-\m-
cw-K -\ ymk akvX -I -tem- N -\ m- {ipX {LmW- h - Z \ t`m-ck - n-Ir-Xh- k
- Xnx ]ZvaKm {inx {inssbx\x
IWvT-_m-lp-Zzb lrZ-b-\m`n Kply ]mbq-cp-Pm-\p- ]oT-IÀ®n-I-bpsS DÅn km²y-Im-c-Ia - mb _oPw
Pw-tLjp {io kqssà-þt- ch {Ia tim \ytk-Xv. Fgp- Xn-b-Xn-\p- tijw ZzmZi Iaew AjvS-Zfw F¶n-h-tbmSp
]Xn-\©p E¡p-I-fp-sSbpw Ejn-amÀ Cµn-c, B\µw, IqSnb Xma-c-I-fn `qhr-X-at²y {iokq-à-¯nsâ ]IpXn
IÀ±-a³, Nn¢n-X³ F¶n-h-cmWv BZy-a-{´-¯nsâ Ejn E¡p-IÄ Fgp-Xp-I. ]n¶oSv \nÀ`q-Xh - r-¯-§-fn ^e-
Cµn-cbpw tij-ap-Å-hb - psS Ejn-amÀ ]p{X-\vam-cp-am-Wv. {ipXn cq]- ¯ n- e pÅ E¡p- I Ä FgpXn tjmU-im-c-at²y
BZys¯ aq¶p a{´-§-fpsS OµÊp A\p-jvSp]pw \mem- apI-fn AImcw apX kImcw hsc amXrIm hÀ®-
a-¯-Xnsâ _rl-Xnbpw A©m-a-¯-Xn-sâbpw Bdm-a-t¯- §Ä Fgp-XW - w. Gähpw apI-fn \nÀ`q-Xh - r-¯-¯nÂ
Xn-sâbpw {XnjvSp¸pw Ggm-a-t¯-Xp-ap-XÂ ]Xn-¶m-em-a- hjUv k¼- ¶ a - mb XzcnX F¶ _oPm- £ - c -t¯m-Sp-IqSn
t¯Xp hsc-bp-ÅXv A\p-jvSp¸pw {]kvXm-c-]w-àn-bp-am- {io_o-Ps¯ teJ\w sN¿-Ww. C§s\ ]¯v AwK-
Ip-¶p. tZhX {iobpw Aánbpw _oPw lnc-Wy-hÀ®hpw §fpÅ {ioN{Iw \nÀ½n-¡W - w. AwK-a-{´-§Ä sIm­v
iàn ImtUm-kvanbpw BIp-¶p. lnc-Wvay-bo, N{µ, cP- {]Y- am- h - c W
- ]
- q- P \S- ¯ p-
I . ]Zva\ - n-[n-If - m c­m-aXpw
X-{k-P, lncWy {kP, lnc-Wy, lncWy hÀ® F¶o Bh- c W
- ]
- qP thW- a w. temI- ]m-
e - I·- mÀ aptJ\ XrXo-
\ma-§sf NXpÀ°o hn`-àn-bn sh¨v Hmw Imc-¯n bm-h-cW ]qPbpw h{PmZn Bbp-[-§Ä aptJ\ NXpÀ°m-
\n¶p-am-cw-`n¨v HSp-hn \ax F¶p-¨c - n¨v \ykn-¡-Ww. h-cW ]qPbpw {Ia-a\ - p-k-cn¨v \nÀh-ln-¡p-I. {iokq-à-
]ns¶ h{à- {Xbw sIm­p inc-Ê v, t\{Xw, t{im{Xw, \mkn- ¯nsâ E¡p- I - f m Bhm-l\ - mZn Imcy-§Ä sN¿p-I.
I, apJw, IWvTw, _mlp-Zz-bw, lrZ-bw, \m`n, Kplyw, ]ns¶ ]pc-Ý-cW - mÀ°w ]Xn-\m-bncw a{´-§Ä P]n-¡-
hmbp, Ducp, P\p, PwL F¶n-h-bn {iokqàw sIm­p W-sa-¶mWv \nÀt±-iw. GIm-£-c-amb ku`m-Ky-e£vao
Xs¶ bYm-{Iaw \ykn-¡-Ww. ]¶oSv {ikq-à-a-{´-¯m a{´-¯nsâ Ejn-`r-Kphpw OµÊv \oNrZv Kmb-{Xnbpw
AwK-\ymkw sN¿p-I. Xmsg ]d-bp¶ a{´-¯m [ym\n- tZhX {iobpw BWv. _Pw {ioap-tJ-\bpw AwK-\ymkw
¡p-I. {imw F¶n-hh aptJ-\bpw sN¿mw. c­p ssII-fnepw
Xma-cbpw aäv Ic-bp-K¯ - n hc-Zm-`-b-ap-{Z-Ifpw [cn-¨n-cn-
Acp-W-Ia - e kwØm-X-{ZPm ]pjv] hÀ®mx
¡p- ¶ - h fpw kzÀ®- k - a m- \ - a mb ico- c - I m- ´ n- t bmSp
Ic-Ia- e [rtX jv{Sm`nXn bpÜmw _pPmN IqSnbhfpw taL-k-a-{]-`bpw c­v B\-I-fpsS Xp¼n-¡-c-
aWn ISI hnNn-{Xm-ew-I rXm Iev] Pmssex §-fm Ia-e-P-e-¯m A`n-jn-àbpw Acp-W-cXv\ JNn-
kIe `ph-\-amXm k´Xw {iox {io ssb\x X-amb IncoSw [cn-¨-hfpw EXp-¡Ä¡n-W-§nb AwK-cmKw
]qin-b-hfpw `qh-kv{XmW ]cm-b-Wbpw Ia-tem-N\ - bpw
Acp-W-I-ae - -¯n hncm-Pn-¡p-¶-hfpw Ia-e] - -cm-K-Xp-
{io]-ß-\m-`sâ h£-Ên hkn-¡p-¶-hfpw Ia-em-k-\-
ey-amb ]oX-hÀ®w tNÀ¶-hfpw hc-Zm-`b ap{Zm-bp-àbpw
bp-amb {iotZhn \ap¡v ]c-aa - mb sFizcyw \ÂIp-am-dm-
c­p ssII-fnepw Xma-c¸ - qhv [cn-¨h
- fpw aWn-a-b-h-eb - -
I-s«.
§-fm ka-ew-Ir-Xbpw kÀh-tem-I-am-Xm-hp-amb {ioa-lm-
e£van \nc-´cw R§sf sFizcy k¼-¶c - m-¡-s«. 9. XXv ]oTw AjvS-]{Xw hr¯ {Xbw ZzmZ-ic - min
JWvUw NXp-c{iw cam-]oTw `hXn. I˨n-Imbmw
5. XXv ]oT I˨n-I mbmw kkm[yw {io_o-P w.
kk[yw {io_nPw hn`q-Xn-cp-¶Xnx Im´nx krjvSnx
hkzm-ZnXp Iem-]-Zvtajp {iokqà KXmÀ²mÀ[-

N P
 828

I IoÀ¯nx k¶-XnÀ hypjvSnx kXvIrjnx E²nx CXn c­mw JWvUw K

{]W-h mZn \tam-s s´-i y-X pÀ°y ss´À \h-i -
ànc btP-Xv. AwtK ]rY-am-hr-XnO hmkp-tZhm
Zn`nÀ ZzXobm _me-Iym-Zn`n kvXrXobm C{µm `n`n
ÝÀ°o `hXn ZzmZi e£x P]
aq¶p hr¯-t¯mSp IqSnb cam-]o-T-b{´w AS-bm-f-
s¸-Sp-¯-Ww. AjvS-Z-f-IÀ®n-I-bn km[y klnXw _oP-
sa-gp-Xp-I. BZyw apX HmwIm-chpw HSp-hn \ax F¶
tbmK-k-lnXw Hmtcm \ma-¯n-sâbpw NXpÀ°o hn`àn
{]tbm-K-¯m \h-i-àn-Isf ]qPn-¡-Ww. hnZyp-Xn, D¶-
Xn, Im´n, krjvSn, IoÀ¯n, k¶-Xn, hypjvSn, kXvIr-
jvSn, E²n F¶n-hb - mWv \h-i-àn-IÄ. AwK-\ymkw
sIm­v BZy-ambn Bh-cW - ]- qP sN¿pI. ]ns¶ hmkp-
tZ-h³, k¦Àj-W³, {]Zyp-av\³, A\n-cp-²³ F¶n-hsc
{Ia-a\- p-k-cn¨v ]qPn-¡W- w. C§s\ ZzXo-bm-hc - W ]qP
sN¿p-I. _meIn XpS-§n-b-h-scbpw ]qPn-¨p-sIm­v XrXo-
bm-h-ca ]qPbpw thWw. C{µm-Zn-tZ-h· - m-scbpw Ah-cpsS
Bbp-[§ - Ä aptJ\ NXpÀ°m-h-cW ]qP thWw. ]qc-
Ý-c-WmÀ°w ]{´­p e£w a{´w P]n-¡W - w.
11. {ioe-£vaoÀ hcZm hnjvWp-]´n hkp-{]-Zm-ln-
cWy cq]m kzÀ®-am-en\o cP-X-{kPm kzÀ®-{]`m
kzÀ®-{]m-Imcm ]ß-hm-kn\o ]ß-lkvXm ]Zva-
{]nbm apàm-e-M-AI - mcm N\-{Z-kqcym hnevt{]-bm,
Cuizco `pànÀ apànÀ hn`q-XnÀ E²n. kar²nx
IrjvSnx ]pjvSnÀ [\Zm [t\-izco {i²m t_mKn\o
t`mKZm kmhn{Xn [m{Xn hn[m-{Xn, CXymZn {]W-
hmZn \tam³´-Ý -XpÀ°y´m a{´mx GIm-£c
hZw-KmZn ]oTw XÀ¸-Ww. Zimwiw ]mh\w ZznP-
Xr]vX nx \njvI m-am\m tah {iohnZym kn²nx \
IZm]n Imam-\m-an-Xn.
{Xy£co hnZym ]qP-bn BZyw Hm¦m-chpw HSp-hnÂ
\axbpw tNÀ¯v Hmtcm \ma-¯n-sâbpw NXpÀ°n hn`àn
klnXw {]tbm-Kn-¡p-I, {io, e£vao, hc-Z, hnjvWp
{]nbm, lnc-Wy-cq-]m, hkp-{]-Zm, cP-X{- k-Pm, kzÀ®-am- 4. {ihW apJ \b\ \mkm-\n-tcm[ t\ ss\h
en-\n, kzÀ®-{]-`m, kzÀ®-{]-Im-im, ]Zvah - m-kn-\o, ]Zvam-
l-kvXm, ]Zva {]nbm, hnezm-{]n-bm, N{µ-kq-cym, apàm-e-
¦m-cm, Cuiz-co, `pàn, apàn, hn`q-Xn, E²n, kar-²n,
IrjvSn, ]pjvSn, [\-Zm, [t\-iz-co, {i²m kmhn-{Xn, t`mKn-
\n, t`mKZ [m{Xo, hn[m{Xo F¶o \ma-§-fm iàn- 5. hnNn{X tLmj kwbpàm \mltX
]qP sN¿-Ww. ]pcÝc-WmÀ°w Hcp e£w a{´w P]n-
¡-Ww. P]-¯nsâ ]¯n-sem¶v XÀ¸-Whpw XÀ¸-W-
¯nsâ ]¯n-sem¶v lh-\hpw lh-\-¯nsâ ]¯n-sem¶v
{_mÒ-W-t`m-P-\hpw \S-¯- Ww. Ima-\m-c-lnX `mh-t¯msS 6. kw]qÀ® lrZ-bx-iq-t\ym-Xzm-ct`
D]m-kn-¡p-¶h- À¡p am{Xta {iohn-Zym-{]m]vXn ssIh-cp-
I-bp-Åq. Ima-\m-k-ln-X-am-bm ^e-an-Ã.
1. AY ssl\w tZhmx DuNpx Xpco-bbm ambbm
\n˱njvSw XXzw {_plnXnx XtYXn ktlm-hm-N.
]n¶oSv tZh-·mÀ ]dªp:þ Xpco-b-am-b-bm \nÀ±n-jvT-
amb XXzs¯ kw_-Ôn¨v R§Ä¡v ]d-ªp-X-¶m-epw.
1. tbmtK\ tbm ÚmXthym tbmtKm tbm KmXv{]-
hÀ[-tX. tbm {]akvXkvXp tbmtK\ k tbmKo
catX Nncw
2. kam-]Ny \n{Zmw kpPoÀt® ev]t`mPo
{ia-XymPy _mt[ hnhntà {]tZti
kZm-koX \nivXrjvW Gj {]bXvt\m 
Yhm {]mWtcmt[m \nPm-`ym-k-amÀ¤mXv
3. ht{àWm ]pcy- h mbpw lpX-h ml \netb
]m\am-Irjy [rXzm kmwKpjvSmZyw-Kp-en-`nÀ hc-
Ic Xetbmx jUv`n-tchw \ncp-[y, t{imt{X t\t{X
N \mkm ]pS-bp-Kf atYmt\\ amÀt¤W kay-
Iv. ]iy´n {]Xybmw {]W-h-_-lp-hn[ [ym\-kw-
eo\ Nn¯mwx
tbmK-¯ m tbmK-_ p²n ssIh-c p-¶ -X p-s Im­v
tbmKw aptJ\ tbmKs¯ Adn-b-Ww. tbmK-¯n Z¯-
Nn-¯-\mbn tbmKn Nncw kpJ-a-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p. anX-t`m-Pn-
bmb km[-I³ cmK-tZz-jmZn amen-\y-§Ä AIän Be-
ky-sat\y {]]-©-amsI {_Ò-Xz-{]m-]vXn¡v {]Xn-_-Ô-
sa-¶-dnªv GIm´ km[-\b - n apgp-Ip-¶p. cmP-tbm-K-
{]-hÀ¯-It\m lT tbmK-{]-hÀ¯-It\m BIp-¶p. Cu
c­p hn[ tbmK-§-fn-sem¶v ssI sImÅp-¶p. {]mWm-bm-
am-`ymkn hm-bn IqSn hmbp-hns\ DÅn-te-¡m-IÀjn¨v
A]m-\h - mbp hns\ \m`n-bnse PT-cmán tImi-¯n-em-
IÀjn¨v hmbnÂIqSn BIÀjn¨ hmbp-hns\ AXp-ambn
CW-¡p-¶p. ]n¶oSv XÅ-hn-c aäp hnc-ep-IÄ DÅw ssI
F¶n-h-bm ImXv, I®v, aq¡nsâ Zzmc-§Ä F¶nh
_Ôn¨v {]mWm-bm-a-¯m {]Whw Nn´n¨v AXn Xs¶
kpJw Is­¯n Bß-km-£m-XvImcw {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
IÀ¯hyw
ip² kpjpav\m kc-WuØq aaew
{iqbtX \mZx
{iqbtX [z\nx
Znhy tZlÝ tXPkzo Znhy KtÔm 
]ytcm Khm³
tbmK-hm³ `thXv
ZznXobmw hnL-So-Ir-Xy-hm-bpÀ `hXn a[ytKx

N P
 829
I {ih-Ww, apJw, \b\w \mk F¶n-h-bpsS On{Z-
§sf _Ôn-¨m A`ym-k-¯nsâ asämcp hn[n-bm-bn.
Ah-bn IqSn ip²-amb kpjpav\ \mUn-bn {]W-h-
¯nsâ A\m-lX - [
- z\n tIÄ¡mw. A\m-lX - N
- {- I-¯nÂ
[z\n tIÄ¡p-t ¼mÄ Xs¶ hn`n-¶ -{]-I m-c-¯ n-e pÅ
hnNn{X tLmj§epw tIÄ¡mw. km[-Is\ CXv F{Xbpw
tXP-kzn-bm-¡p- ¶p. Ahsâ ico-c-¯n \n¶pw Znhy-KÔw
hcpw. Znhy ico-chpw e`n-¡pw. iq\y-¯n at\m-tbm-K-
t¯msS [z\n tI«n-cn-¡p-¶X - n-\m km[-I³ tbmK-bp-
à-\m-Ip-¶p. Pohm-ßmhv kpjpav\m amÀ¤-¯n IqSn
apt¼m-«p-t]mIpt¼mÄ kzm[n-jvTm\ N{Iw t`Zn¨v AXnsâ
a[y-¯n-epÅ On{Z-¯n IqSn {]mW-hmbp kpjp-a\ v -bnÂ
{]th-in-¡p-¶p.
7. ZrVm-kt\m `th-tZymKo ]Zvam-`ym-k\ kwØnXx
hnjvWp {KtÙ-kvXtXm t`ZmXv
]c-am-\µ kw`hmx
8. AXn-iqt\ym hnaÀ±Ý t`co i_vZk
- vXtXm
`th-X vx
XrXobmw b¯mtXm `nXzm \n\mtZm
a˱\ [z\nx
9. alm-iq\yw XtXm-bmXn kÀh-kn²n kam-{ibw
N¯m-\µw XtXm-`n-Xzm-kÀh-]oT KXm-\nex
10. \njv]¯u sshjvWhx i_vZx
IzW-XoXn IztWm
`thXv GIo-`qXw XZm-Nn¯w
ku\-I m-Z n-ap-\o-UnXw
11. At´\´w kam-tcm]y JWvtUy-JWvUw
kaÀ¸-b³
`qam\w {]IrXnw [ymXvhm IrX
XrtXym artXm `thXv
12. tbmtK\ tbmKw kwtcm[y `mhw
`mth\ NmRvPkm
\nÀhn-Iev]w ]cw XXzw kZm `qXzm
]cw `thXv
13. Alw `mhw ]cn-XyPy PKXv `mh-a\o ZriwS
\nÀhn-Ievt] ØntXm hnZzm³ `qtbm
\m]y- \p-tim-N -Xn.
]Zvam-k\w XpS-§nb Bk-\-§-fn A`ymkw \S-
¯p¶ tbmKn at\m-cY kn²n-¡Àl-\m-Ip-¶p. ]ns¶
aq¶m-as¯ aWn-]q-c-Is - a¶ N{I-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿p¶
amb At\Iw Ima-\-Isf hfÀ¯pw. Ah XIÀ¯mÂ
]c-am-\µw e`n-¡pw. iq\ys¯ ewLn¨v {]mW-hm-bp-hn\v
\mUn-bp-ambn kwLÀjap-­m-Ip-t¼mÄ AXnÂ\n¶pw
s]cp-¼-d-bpsS i_vZ¯- n\p Xpey-amb i_vZw {ihn-¡mw.
N P
aq¶m-as¯ aWn-]q-c-N{- Is¯ t`Zn-¡p-t¼mÄ {]mW-hm- K
bp-hnÂ\n¶pw arZwKw t]mepÅ Hcp [z\n ]pd-s¸-Sp-¶p.
]ns¶ {]mW-hmbp Xme-N{Iw aptJ\ Nn¯s¯ Pbn¨v
Xmep-N{Iw t`Zn¨v AhnsS am\-kn-Ia- mb kÀhm-\-µhpw
Ah\v e`n-¡p-¶p. C§-s\-bpÅ km[-\-bpsS Ah-km\w
{]Xy-£-ambn apg-§p¶ \mZ-¯n Nn¯w ebn-¡p¶p
F¶v k\-Im-Zn-ap-\n-IÄ ]d-bp-¶p. A\-´s\ kam-tcm-
]n¨v ambm-{K-kvX-amb cq]s¯ {_Ò-¯n kaÀ¸n¨v
km[-I³ Bßm-hnsâ kÀh-hym-]-Is - ¯-¸än Nn´n¨v
Aar-X -X zs¯ {]m]n-¡ p-¶ p. Akw-{]-Úm-X -t bmKw
aptJ\ kw{]-Úm-Xt- bmKw Pbn¨v A`m-h¯ - m `mh
s¯ \ntcm-[n-¡W - w. At¸mÄ km[-I³ \nÀhn-I-ev]k- -
am-[nsb {]m]n¨v ssIheyw km[n-¡p-¶p. AtXm-sS
Ahsâ Alw-`mhw \jvS-am-Ip-¶p. ambm-a-b-amb {]]-
©hpw ep]vX-am-Ip-¶p. Úm\n-bmb km[-Is\ aaXzw
_m[n-¡p-¶n-Ã.
14. kente sskÔhw bZzXv kmayw
`hXn tbKXx
XYmß a\-tkm-sscIyw kam-[nc `n \obtX
15. bZm-kw-£o-btX {]mtWm am\kw
N {]eo btX
XZm-k-a-ck
- Xzw XXv kam-[o-c`n \obtX
16. bXv kaXzw Xtbm-c{X Pohmß ]c-am-ßt\mx
kakvX \jvS-b-k-¦ev]x kam[n c`n [obtX
17. {]`m iq\yw a\x iq\yw _p²n iq\yw
\ncm-abw
kÀh-iq\yw \ncm-`mkw kam-[n-c`- n-[o-btX
18. kzb-ap-¨e
- ntX tZtl tZlo \nXy kam[n \m
\nÝew Xw hnPm-\o-bmXv kam-[oc `o[o-btX
19. b{X b{X at\m bmXn X{X X{X ]cw ]Zw
X{X X{X ]cw {_Ò kÀh{X kah-Øn-Xw.
shÅ-¯n-en« D¸v AXn Aen-ªp-tN-cp-¶ -Xp-
t]mse a\Êv Ft¸mÄ Bßm-hn ebn-¡p¶p B Ah-
Øsb kam-[n-sb¶v ]d-bp-¶p. {]mWm-bm-a-¯n £oW-
amÀ¶ {]mW-hmbp Ipw`-I-¯n ØnXn- sN-¿p-Ibpw No¯-
hr-¯n-IÄ \jvS-am-bn-¯o-cp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. B ka-b-
¯p-­m-Ip¶ No¯m-ßm-¡-fpsS GIo-`m-h-amWv kam-[n.
AXn Pohmß ]c-am-ßm-¡-fpsS kaXz `mhw ssIh-cp-
t¼mÄ kIe k¦-ev]-§fpw \in-¡p-¶p. kmwkm-cn-Ihpw
t_m[-cl- n-Xh
- p-amb ØnXn-bn at\m-_p-²n-If
- psS ]cn-
]qÀ®-amb hnebw kw`-hn-¨m kÀhhpw iq\y-ambn
tXm¶pw. B Ah-Øbv¡v \ncm-abw F¶p t]À. AXp
Xs¶ kam-[n. icocw A§p-an§pw t]mbmepw Nn¯-
¯nsâ \nÝ-ehpw [ym\-aá - -hp-amb ØnXn-bmWv kam-
[n. B Ah-Ø-bn km[-Isâ a\Êv Fhn-sS-t¸m-bmepw
 830

I Ah\v ]c-a]- Zw e`n-¡p-¶p-­v. ]c-{_Òw Ah\v kpe-`-
am-Wv.
aq¶mw JWvUw
1. AY ssl\w tZhm DuNpÀ \h N{I
hnth-I-a \p
{_qlo-Xn, XtYXn ktlm-hmN
ho­pw tZh-·mÀ At±-lt- ¯mSv X§Ä¡v \h-N{- I-
hn-th-Is¯ kw_-Ôn¨ D]- tZiw \ÂI-W-sa¶v ]d-ªp. c­m-a-t¯Xv Bdp-Z-e§
A§-s\-bm-Is« F¶p ]dªv At±lw D¯cw \ÂIn. jvTm\ N{I-am-Wv. AXnsâ IÀ®n-Im-]r-jvT-¯n Npa¶
2. B[mtc {_Ò N{Iw {Xncm-hrXw `K-a-WvUe - m- \nd-¯n-epÅ inh-enw-Ks¯ ]Ýn-am-`-ap-J-am¡n [ym\n-
I mc w X {X aqe- I tµ ià nx ] mh - I m- I mc w ¡-W w. Ahn-s S-bpÅ DVym-\ -] o-Ts¯ D]m-k n-¨mÂ
[ymtbXv Xss{Xh Ima-cq-]-]oTw kÀh-Im-a-{]Zw hnizs¯ BIÀjn-¡m³ t]m¶ kn²n Ic-KX
`hXn CXym-[mcw N{Iw
3. ZznXobw kzm[n-jvTm\ N{Iw jUv `pPw X·t²y
]Ýn-am-`n-apJw enKw {]hm-fm¦pw kZriw [ymtbXv
Xss{X-th-UymW ]oTw PK-Zm-I ÀjW kn²nZw
`h-X n. XrXobw \m`n-N {Iw kÀ¸-I p- Sn- e m- I mcw
X·t²y IpWvUe - n\ow _memÀ¡-tIm-Sn-{]`mw XSn-
Õ-¶ n`mw [ymtb- X v kmaÀ°y iànx kÀhx
kn²n-{]Zm `h-Xn.
4. aWn ]qc-IN
- {Iw lrZtb N{I-ajv S Ze-a-t[m-
apJw X·-t[y-tPym-XnÀab enwKm-Imcw [ymtbXv
sskh lwk Iem-kÀh-{]nbm kÀh-tem-I-h-iyI
co `h-Xn.
5. IWvT-N{Iw NXp-cw-Kpew X{X hmta CUm N{µ
\mUo Z£ntW ]nwKfm kqcy-\ mUo X·t[y
kpjpav\mw tizX-h˨mw [ymtbXvb Ghw thZ-
A-\ml X knZv[nZm `h-Xn.
6. Xmep N{Iw X{X AarX [mcm {]hmtlm
L­nIm enwK- a qe N{I- c t{Ô cmP-Z - ´ m- h ew
_n\o-hn-h-cw-Zi ZzmZ-imcw X{X iq\yw [ymtbXv
Nn¯-etbm `h-Xn.
7. k]vXaw `qN-{I-aw-K pjvT am{Xw X{X Úm\
t\{Xw Zo] inJm-Imcw [ymtbXv X tZh I]m-e-
Iµw hmIvkn-²nZw `h-Xn.
8. BÚm\ N{I-a-jvSaw {_Ò-c{Ôw \nÀhm-W-
N{Iw X{X kqNnIm Krtl-Xcw [q{a-in-Jm-Imcw
[ymtb-X v. X{X Pme-Ô -c -] oTw tam£-{]Zw `h-
XoXm ]c-{_-Ò-N-{Iw.
9. \hm-am-Imi N{Iw X{X-tjm-U-i-Z-eh - ß aqÀ[z-
apJw X·- [ y- I À®n- I m- { Xn- I p- S m- I mcw X·t[y
DuÀ[z-i -à nx Xmw ]iy³ [ymtbXv Xss{Xh
]qÀ®Kncn ]oTw kÀth-Ñm-kn²n km[Iw `h-Xn.
`K-hm³ BZn-\m-cm-b-W³ ]dªp: aqem-[m-c¯- n-
K
epÅ {_Ò-N-{Iw tbm\n-bpsS BIm-c-¯n-ep-ÅXpw {Xnhr-
¯-bp-à-hp-am-Wv. AhnsS IÀ®n-Im-aq-e¯
- n Dd-§p¶
kÀ¸-¯nsâ BIr-Xn-bn IpWvU-en\o iàn ØnXn-
sN-¿p-¶p. AXv DW-cp-¶-Xp-hsc I¯n-Pz-en-¡p¶ Pzme-
bpsS cq]-¯n [ym\n-¡-Ww. Ahn-sS-bmWv `K-h-Xn-{Xn-
]p-cb
- psS Ia-cq-]-]oTw F¶ Øm\w. B `K-h-Xnsb
AÀ¸n-¨m kIe t`mK-§fpw kn²n-¡pw. CXv B[m-c-
sa¶ {]Y-a-N-{I-am-Wv.
- -fpÅ ]Zva¯ - nsâ kzm[n-
- a
- m-Ipw.
aq¶m-a-s¯-Xmb \m`n-N{Iw kÀ¸m-Ir-Xn-bn-ep-ÅXpw
Bdv hr¯-§-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-Xp-am-Wv. B N{I-¯n tImSn
¡W¡n\v _me-kq-cy-·m-cpsS tPymXn-Ên\v Xpey-amb
IpWvU-en\o iànsb [ym\n-¡p-I. DWÀ¶-Xn-\p-tijw
B iàn Gsd Ign-hp-ÅXpw kn²n-Zm-b-Ih - p-am-Wv.
aWn ]qc-I-N{Iw AjvS-Zf Ia-em-Im-c-¯n-ep-ÅXpw
At[m-ap-J-hp-am-Wv. CXp Xs¶ lrZ-b-N-{Iw. CXnÂ
tPymXnÀa-b-enw-Ks¯ [ym\n-¡p-I, CXv lwk-Ie F¶
t]cn {]nb-¦-c-am-Ip-¶p. AXp-WÀ¶m kÀh-tem-Ihpw
hio-I-cn-¡m-\pÅ iàn In«pw. Igp-¯n NXp-cw-Kpe
{]am-Wa - mb N{I-ap-­v. AXn CS-¯p-`m-K¯v CUbpw
he-Xp-`m-K¯v ]nwK-ebpw D­v. c­n\pw at[y shfp¯
kpjpav\m \mUnsb Nn´n-¡p-I. CX-dn-bp-¶-h\v A\m-
l-XN - {Iw kn²n \ÂIp-¶p. CXnsâ ap¼n-epÅ \mep
N{I¯n Aar-X-[mc {]h-ln-¡p-¶p. Cu \mep N{I-
¯nepw ]¯p ]{´­v Zf-§-fp-­v. AXn\pw ap¶n Z´-
aqew hsc hnim-e-N-{Im-Im-c-amb On{Z-¯n \mep N{I-
ap-­v. AXn iq\ys¯ [ym\n-¨m Nn¯w iq\y-c-X-am-
Ipw. AwKp-e -]-cn-am-Wa- pÅ Ggm-a -s¯-XmWv `qN-{Iw.
AXn Imän-Ãm-¯n-S¯p I¯p¶ Zo]- ¯n- s\m¯ Úm\-
t\-{Xs¯ Nn´n-¡W - w. Cu N{Iw DWÀ¶m I]me
Iµ-s¯-¸-änbpw AXn-t\m-S-\p-_-Ôn-¨pÅ hnj-b-§-sf-¸-
änbpw Adnhv e`n-¡p-¶p. F«m-as¯ BÚ N{I-s¯-
¯-s¶- bmWv {_Ò- c{Ôw F¶v ]d-bp-¶- X.v AXnsâ A{K-
`mKw kqNn-ap\ t]men-cn-¡pw. AhnsS {[qainJmcq-]s¯
[ym\n-¡-Ww. Ahn-sS-bpÅ Pme-Ô-c] - o-Ts¯ D]m-kn-
¨m tam£w kn²n-¡pw. AXn-\m ]c-{_-Ò-N{Iw
F¶pw AXn\v t]cp-­v. H³]-Xm-as - ¯Xv BImi N{I-
am-W.v AhnsS ]Xn-\mdp Zf-§-tfmSp IqSnb Xmac DuÀ[z-
ap-J-ambn ØnXn-sN-¿p-¶p. AXnsâ \Sp-hn-epÅ IÀ®nI
{XnKp-W- §-fpsS amXm-hm-I-bm aq¶p inJ-c-§fpÅ ]Àh-
X-¯nsâ BIrXn tNÀ¶-Xm-W.v AXnsâ a[y-¯n apI-
fn-tem«v Ip\n-ªp-In-S-¡p¶ iàn-bp-­v. AXns\ t\m¡n

N P
 831
I Nn´n-¡-Ww. AhnsS bpÅ ]qÀ®-Kncn ]oTw D]m-kn-¡p-
¶Xv Ima-\m-kn-²n-Z-am-Ip-¶p.
10. ku`mKy e£v a yp- ] - \ n- j Zw \nXy a[otX
tkmán artXm `hXn kÀhmbp ]qtXm `h-X n.
k kIe [\-[m\y kXv ]p{X If{X lb-`qK
P]- i q- a ln jo Zmko- Z mk tbmK- Ú m- \ - h m³
`hXn ku ]p\-cm-hÀ¯X CXyp-]\ - n-j-Xv.
1 kvItµm-]-\n-j¯v
im´n- ] mTw
Hmwx kl-\m-h-h-Xp. kl \u `q\àp kl-
hocyw Ic-hmh ssl. tXP-kzn-\m-h-[oX akvXp.
am hnZznjm h ssl Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx
]c-{_Òw Kpcp-in-jy-·m-cmb \½Ä c­p-t]-scbpw
c£n-¡-s«. AXv \½Ä c­p t]scbpw ]men-¡-s«. \m
c­p-t]-scbpw ]men-¡-s«. \m c­p t]cpw Hcp-an¨v Ign-hp-
IÄ t\S- s«. \½psS A²y- b\w tXmtPm- a-b-am- I- s«. R§Ä 4. NnPvPU
At\ym\yw tZzjw hln-¡m³ CS-bm-Im-Xn-cn-¡-s«. Hmw
im´nx im´nx im´nx
1. ANyptXm kvan alm-tZh Xh Imcp-Wy-te-iIx
- \ Ghmkvan inthm kvan
hnPvRm-\L
Ina-Xx-]cw
alm-tZ-h, A§-bpsS Imcp-Wy-teiw \nan¯w
Rm³ ANyp-X \pw hnÚm-\ - L -\ \pw inh\pw
Bbn- c n- ¡ p- ¶ p. F\n¡v CXn IqSp- X - s e´p
thWw?
2. \ \nPw \nP-hmZv `mXn A´x-Ic
- -WPrw `WmXv
A´x-Ic
- -W\
- m-ti\ kwhn-·m{X ØntXm lcnx
a\p-jysâ A´x-I-cWw hnI-kn-X-ambn Xsâ ]mÀ
°n-h-kz-cq]w hnkva-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ A´x-I-c-W-\miw kw`-
hn-¡p-Ibpw AhnsS GI-\m-bn lcn-am{Xw ØnXn-sN-¿p¶
AhØ D­m-hp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
N P
Cu ku`m-Ky-e£vao D]-\n-j¯v \nXyhpw A[y- K
b\w sN¿p-¶h - ³ Aán-]q-X\ - m-Ip-¶p. hmbp ]qX-\m-
Ip¶p; Ah³ kIe hn[ [\-[m-\y-§Ä ]p{X³ `mcy
B\, IpXn-c, arK-§Ä, ]ip, Fcp-a, Zmk³, Zmkn-amÀ
F¶n-h-tcm-Sp- IqSn sFiz-cy-k-¼- ¶-\mbn Úm\n-bmbn `hn-
¡p-¶p. Ah-km\w Ah³ ]c-a-]Zw {]m]n-¡p-I bpw
]p\ÀP-·-an-Ãm-¯-h-\mbn `an-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.
ku`mKye£vao D]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
3
3. kwhn-·m{X ØnX-Ýml atPmkvan InaXx ]cw
hyXn-cnàw PUw kÀhw kz]v\ h¨ hn\ iyXn
Úm\-kz-cq-]¯ - n ØnXn sN¿p-¶-hs - \¶pw P·-
c-ln-X-am-sW-¶p-apÅ A\p-`-hhpw Úm\hpw F\n-¡p-
­m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. CXn \n¶pw `n¶-am-bn-«p- Å-sXÃmw PUw
kz]v\w F¶n-h-t]mse \iz-ca - mWv? CXn IqSp-X-se-
´mWp th­Xv?
- m\w Xp tbm {ZjvSm tkm Nyp
tXm Úm\
hn{Klx k Gh ln alm-tZhx k Gh
ln alm-lcnx
ssNX-\y-s¯bpw PU-s¯bpw ImWp-¶-h³ Xs¶-
bmWv ANyp-X\pw Úm\-kz-cq-]-\pw. Ah³ Xs¶-bmWv
alm-tZ-h\pw alm-l-cnbpw
5. k Gh tPymXnjmw tPymXnx k Gh
]cta izcx
k Gh ln ]cw {_Ò XZv {_Òmlw
\ kwi-bx
At±lw Xs¶ kÀh-tPym-Xn-Êp-IÄ¡pw aqe-Im-c-W-
amb tPymXn-Êv. At±lw Xs¶ ]c-ta-iz-c³. ]c-{_-Òhpw
At±lw Xs¶. kwi-b-an-Ã, Rm\pw AtX {_Òw Xs¶.
6. Pohx inhx inthm Pohx kPohx tIhex inhx
XptjW _t²m {holnx kym¯pjm
`mth\ XWvUpex
 832
I 7. Ghw _²-kvXYm Pohx IÀa-\mti kZm inhx
]mi-_²
- -kvXYm Pohx ]mi-apàx kZm inhx
Poh³ Xs¶ inh³. inh³ Xs¶ Poh³. B Poh³
tIhew inh³ Xs¶. Dan-tNÀ¶ s\Ãn \n¶pw Dan
amän-bm Acn tijn-¡pw. AXp-t]mse _²-\mb Poh³
IÀ½-\miw kw`-hn-¡p-t¼mÄ kZm-in-h-\m-Ip-¶p. CXp-
t]mse ]mi-_² - -\mb Poh³ ]mi-ap-à\
- m-bm kZm-
in-h-\m-bn.
8. inhmb hnjvWp-cp-]mb inh-cp-]mb hnjvWpth
inhky lrZbw hnjvWpÀ hnjvtWmÝ
lrZbw inhx
inh³ Xs¶ hnjvWp-cq-]³. hnjvWp Xs¶ inh-cq-
]³. inhsâ lrZ-b-¯n hnjvWphpw hnjvWp-hnsâ
lrZ-b-¯n inh\pw hkn-¡p-¶p.
9. bYm-in-h-atbm hnjvWp-tchw hnjvWp-ab inhx
bYm-´cw \ ]Ýyman XYm ta kzkvXn cmbpjn
GXp-hn[w hnjvWp inh-a-b-am-bn-cn-¡pt¶m AXp
t]me inh³ hnjvWp-a-b-hp-am-W.v Ch-cn At`mhw F\n-
¡p-­m-Ip-t¼mÄ Cu ico-c-¯n ØnXn-sN-¿th Xs¶
Rm³ IeymW kzcq-]-\m-Ip-¶p.
10. bYm-´cw \ t`Zmx kypx inh tIitbm
kvXYm tZtlm
tZhm-ebx t{]màx kPohx tIhex inhx
XytP-ZPvRm\ \nÀ½meyw tkm
lw `mth\ ]qP-tb-Xv.
hnjvWphpw inh\pw X½n bmsXmcp hn[-amb
A´-ctam t`Ztam CÃm-¯-Xp-t]mse Cu tZlhpw tZhm-
e-b-am-Wv. AXn Poh³ tIhew inh-cq-]¯
- n ØnXn
sN¿p-¶p. a\p-jysâ AÚm\ \nÀ½meyw Zqc-¯n-em-
Ip-t¼m ""AXv Rm³ Xs¶'' F¶ `mh-¯n AXns\
]qPn-¡-Ww.
11. AtyZZÀi\w Úm\w [ym\w \nÀhn-jbw a\x
kv\m\w at\m-a-e-Xylx iuNan-{µnb \n{Klx
N P
kI-eXpw AtZZ _p²n-tbmsS ImWp-I-sb-¶-XmWv
K
Úm\w. a\-Ê nsâ \nÀhn-j -b m-h-Ø -b mWv [ym\w.
kv\ m\-sa-¶ Xv at\m-am-en-\y-¯ nsâ Zqco-I -c-W-a m-Wv .
C{µnb \n{K-la- mWv bYmÀ°-¯n-epÅ iuNw.
12. {_Òm-arXw ]nt_Zv ss`£ amN-tcZv
tZl c£tW
htk-tZ-Im-´ntI `qXzm ssNIm t´
ssZzX hÀPntX
CtXy-]a
- m-Nt- cXv [oam³ k Ghw apàn
am]v\p-bm-Xv.
{_ÒPvRm\marXw ]m\w sN¿-Ibpw tZl-kw-c-£-
W- ¯n\v `n£m-hr¯n kzoI- cn-¡p-Ibpw tZzj- `mhw ssIsh-
Sn-bp-Ibpw GIm-´-hm-kn-bm-bn-cn-¡p- Ibpw thWw. C§s\
BN-cn-¡p-¶h - ³ tam£w {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
13. {io]-c-a-[mavt\ kzkvXn Nncm-bp-tjym-¶a
- -C-Xn.
hncn-©n-\m-cm-bW i¦-cm-ßIw
\rknw-l-tZ-thi Xh {]km-ZXx
ANn-´y-a-hyà a\-´a hybw
thZm-ßIw {_Ò-\nPw hnPm-\tX
]c-am-[m-amhpw IeymW cq]n-bp-amb hnjvWp-hn\v \a-
kvIm-cw. \rknwl tZh A§-bpsS Ir]-bm {_Ò-kz-
cq-]hpw hnjvWp-kz-cq-]-hpw, inh kzcq-]hpw ANn-´yhpw
Ahy-àhpw A\-´cw thZ-kz-cq-]-hp-amb {_Òw Bß-
kz-cq-]¯
- n Adn-bp-¶p.
14. XZv hnjvtWmx ]caw ]Zw kZm-]-iy´n
kqcbx Znhoh N£p-cm-XX- w.
15. XZzn-{]mtkm hn]-\ythm PmKy-hwkx kanÔtX
hnjvtWm bXv ]caw ]Z-an-tXyX¶n hmWm \pim-
\-anXn tZhm-\p-im-k\ anXyp ]\n-j-Xv.
hnjvW-hnsâ B ]c-a-]-Z s¯ ]I-se-¶t- ]mse
kv]jvS- am-bn- ¡m-Wp¶ Úm\n- IÄ {_Ò-Úm\w {]m]n¨v
{_Ò-¯n Xs¶ ebn-¡p-¶p. CXp Xs¶-bmWv hnjvWp-
hnsâ ]c-a] - Z- w. CXp-Xs
- ¶-bmWv \nÀhm-Wm-ß-I-amb
Úm\w CXpXs¶ thZm-\p-im-k\w F¶v D]-\n-j¯ - v.
kvItµm-]-\n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
 833

I K
1kzkw-
t h- t Zym- ]\- n- j ¯v3

Hmw. kÀthjmw {]mWn-_pZv _pZm\mw \nc- AX-Gh kptacp ZmXmtcm hm

RvP\ - m-hy-àm-arX \nt[m hneb hnemkx ØnXnÀ tKmLvss\x ]pcm]m Kx kpcm-]m\w
hnPrw-`-tX. tXjm-tah ]p\À`-h\w t\m Clm-kX v n.
]iy-tX-lsscx ]tcm-£l - sscx hm
k bYm arXv ]nWvtU LSm\mw Xt¶m hSm\mw
Xssb-thXn `h-´ n. hkvXptXm t\m ]mZm-\ -aX Kpcp-]m-]-\njvssTx kÀ]m-]\- njvssT
Gh t\m]mZ aX Gh \ \nan¯ aX Gh \ kam-\kvX GtX ssXÝ \
hnZym \ ]pcmWw t\m thZm-t\Xn lmkm CXn \ Kux \ {_mÒWx \ kpcm \
PK-ZnXn \ {_Òm t\m hnjvWpx \mY cpt{Zm-t\- ]iy-t´m-lc \ ]tcm-£l - cx \
iztcm \ _nµpÀ \ ItaXn At{K-a-[ym-h-kmt\ Kpcp-]m-]m\n \ eLp-]m-]m\n aXw
k ssh bYm-h -Ø nXw bYm-h - Ø nX Úm\w
X¶njvTmx AX Gh \ \nÀhmWw
tXjmw t\m `h-Xym-Ka ]pcm-tW-Xn-lmk [À½-
im-kvt{Xjp IrXm-`n-am-\m-kvtX. b¯m\n Xp apKv[- t\m \ncb CXn XZ-t]yj tÇmtIm `h-Xn.
X-c-ap\n i_vZh - mssNyx Poh-_p-Zv_pssZx cNn-Xm- ChnsS AÚm\w sImt­m bYm-h-Øn-Xa - mb
\oXn `h´ X{X {]mamWyw XmZr-im-\m-ta-h. tX Úm\w-sImt­m henb {]tbm-P\ - s- am-¶p-an-Ã. k¯-bp-
XXz- Ú m- t \- \ m- h rXmx kXy- t \\ KÀ`m- k v X - ÅXpw k¯-bn-Ãm-¯-Xp-saÃmw kXy-am-Wv. FÃmw Ime
Zvt]yj tÇmtIm `h-Xn. XZ{X tÇmtIm `h-Xn. IÀ½m-ß -I hpw kz`m- h m-ß -I -h p- a m-I p-¶ p. ]pWytam
{_Ò-am-Ip¶ Pem-i-b-¯n Pohn-I-fm-Ip¶ Ipan-f- ]m]tam CÃ. AXn-\m alm-tacp ]ÀhXw Xs¶ Zm\w
IÄ D­mbn AXn Xs¶ hnebw {]m]n-¡p-¶p. {]I-S- sN¿p-¶-hcpw ]ip-±m\w sN¿p-¶-hcpw {_Ò-l-Xy-¡m- c\pw
ambn kXy-ambn `hn-¡p-¶X - m-bn-¯o-cp- aZy-]m-\nbpw Kpcp-X-ev]i
- m-Wv. {_Ò-eo-\a - m-bn-I-fp-saÃmw Xp-ey-am-Wv. FÃm-
¶-Xn\v ]n¶oSv P\n-t¡­ Bh-iy-ap-­m-Ip-¶n-Ã. a®n\p h- c p- s Sbpw ØnXn H¶p Xs¶. kI-eXpw Ime-h-ia - m-Wv.
a®p-sIm-­p-­m-¡p¶v IpS-¯n\pw \qen\pw \qep-sIm-­p- Bßmhv CXn- s \ms¡ D]- c n- b m- I p- ¶ p. {_Ò- ¯ nÂ
­m- ¡p¶ hkv{X-¯n-\p- apÅ Ah-Øm-hn-ti- j-am- W.v Pohn- ]ipthm {_mÒ-Wt\m aZy-]m-\ntbm H¶p-an-Ã. sNdnb
IÄ¡pw {_Ò- ¯ n\pw X½n- e p- Å Xv B \ne-b n ]m]tam henb ]m]tam H¶p-an-Ã. tam£tam \c-Itam
t\m¡pt¼mÄ hnZym-]p-cm-W-§Ä, CXn-lm-k-§Ä Ch- H¶pw bYmÀ°-¯n-en-Ã. CXv hyà-hp-am-Wv.
bvs¡m¶pw imiz- X-amb k¯-bn- Ã. A§s\ kq£va-ambn XXz-Úm\w Kplmbw \nhnjvSw
Nn´n-¡p-t¼mÄ {_Òmthm hnjvWpthm Cuiz-ct\m AÚm-\n-Ir-Xa - mÀ¤w krjvS hZ´n
_nµpthm Ietbm H¶p-an-söv ImWmw. a[ym-h-Ø-
tX X{X km`n-am\mx hÀ¯t´ ]pjv]n
bntem A´ym-h-Ø-bntem AhÀ¡v bYm-h-Øn-Xn-X-amb
Úm\w e`n-¡p-¶n-Ã. ImcWw Ah-À BK-a-§-fnepw Xh-N-t\\ tamln-XmkvtX `h-´n. k bYm-
]pcm-W§ - -fnepw CXn-lm-k-§ -fnepw [À½-im-kv {X-{K-Ù- Xp-c m-`n-jKv {KlW Imte _mem AY-Yym-lnX
§-fnepw A`n-am\w hln-¡p-I-am{Xw sN¿p-¶p. ap\n-IÄ KpUm-Zn-\m. P\\ym hmZy-NrXm CXn \m\m tZhXm
F¶ t]cn Adn-b-s¸-Sp¶ shdpw XpÑ-_p-Zv_p-Z-§Ä Kpcp-I À½ XoÀ° \njv T mÝ tX `h- ´ n. tI
am{X-am-Wh- À. ]WvUn-X-·msc¶`n-am-\n-¡p¶ AhÀ an¡- NnZzbw sshZnIm CXn hZ-´n. \mt\y Akva-`yw.
hmdpw AÚm-\n-IÄ Xs¶. hfsc {]bm-k-s¸«v Ipsd tI NnZzbw kÀh-im-kv{XÚm CXn. tI NnXv
{KÙ-§-fnse Adn-hp-t\-Sp-¶p. ]t£ bYmÀ°-¯n hbw kÀhm-\ p- {Kl h´x tINn-Z zbw kz]v t \
AhÀ AÚm-\-¯n apgp-In-¡-gn-bp-¶p. AXv hyà-am- D]mky tZhXm `mjn-W. tI NnXv hbw tZhm CXn
¡p¶ {]am-Wn-I-tÇm-Ia - p-­v. kwKXn hyà-am-Wv. tI NnXv hbw {inhZv cam caW \fn\ `rwKm CXn.
Cl tX\m-]y-Úm-t\\ t\m tI Nn¯p \rXy-´p. tINnXv aqÀJm hbw ]c-a-
`àw CXn. hZt´m cpZt´m ]X´n N. tbm tI
In©nXv AY bYm-h-ØnX Úmt\\ In©nXv N \ tX tI kÀth-]y-Úm-\n\x tX Xp Úm\n
t\Xn XZkvXn XZkvXn b¶mkvXn \mkvXn t\m `h´n tb XXz-Ú m\n \Ý-ssX-j vXjmw
XXv Ime-IÀ½m-ß-I-anZw kz`m-hmß Iw tIm hntijx aX Gj tIjmw NnXv ssIÝnZ
tNXn \ kpIrXw t\m ZpjvIrXw t`Zx aX Gh b{X hnc© n hnjv W p cp{Zm
CuiztcÝ KÑ´n Xss{Xh izm t\m KÀZ-`m.
N P
 834

I amÀPm-cm, {Ia-aÝ aX Gh \m izm\ KÀ±`u Xs¶. C¡mcyw {]kn-²-am-Wv.

K
[mXÀ N \ Iranx t\m¯am \ a[yam \ PL\ym
\ XÑ_vZx \ Inw i_vZx \ kÀth i_vZmx
XZ-t]yj tÇmtIm `h-Xn.
\ amXm t\m ]nXm \ _Ôpx\ Pmbm \ ]pt{Xm
XXz-Úm\w Hcp {]Im-c-¯n AÔ-Im-cm-hr-Xa - m- \ an{Xw \ kÀth XYm ]n km[-ssI-cmß kzcq-
Wv. AÚm-\n-I-fpsS amÀ¤s¯ AXv Nnet¸mÄ sa¨- ]w. thZn-Xp-an-Ñ-Zv`nÀ Poh-·p-ap£p `nx k´x tkhymx
sa¶v ]d-bp-¶p. ImcW AhÀ Ah-cpsS amÀ¤-¯n A`n- `mcym ]pt{Xm Krlw [\w kÀhtX tZym tZbw
am\w sImÅp-¶p. apKv[-hN - -§-fm AhÀ tamln-X-cm- IÀ½m ssZzXw \ Imcyw `mh ssZzXw Imcyw \nÝ-
- \
Ip- ¶p. FÃmw At\Iw tZh-XIÄ Kpcp-¡- ·mÀ k¡À½- tb\ kÀhm ssZzXw IÀ¯-hyw. Kpcu ssZzX-a-
§Ä XoÀ°-§Ä XpS§nbhsb {]IoÀ¯n-¡p-¶p. D¶- ]iyw Imcyw. btXm \ Xkv a m Z\y- X v. tX\
X- Øm-\-§-fn-epÅ taml-amWv Chsc Hmtcm¶nte¡v \bn- kÀanZw {]Im-in-Xw. tIm\yx XkvamXv ]cx kPo-
¡p-¶X - v. A½-amÀ Ip«n-Isf sIm­v acp¶p IpSn-¸n-¡m³ h-·ptàm `h-Xn. k Poh-·ptàm `h-Xn. b Ghw
iÀ¡-cbpw aäpw Xn¶m³ sImSp-¡m-sa¶v {]tem-`n-¸n-¡p- thZ b Ghw thZ.
Itbm acp¶v a[p-c-]-ZmÀ°-§Ä s]mXnªp sImSp-¡p-
AXv XÑ- _Zv tam Inwi-_vZtam i_vZtam thsd GsX-
¶Xp t]msetbm BW-Xv. NneÀ sshZn-Ic - m-sW¶v ]d-
¦nepw i_vZtam AÃ. A½, Aѳ, ktlm-Z-c³, `mcy,
bp-¶p. NneÀ X§Ä tZh-·m-cpsS Ir]m-]m-{X-§-fm-sW¶v
]p{X³, an{Xw, CsXm-¶p-an-Ã. F¶m km[- I-·mÀ¡v X§-
]d-bp-¶ p. kz]v\ -¯n X§-fpsS D]m-ky-tZ-h-·msc
fpsS bYmÀ° kzcq]w a\-Ên-em-¡m-\pÅ B{K-l-ap-Å-
ImWm³ Ign-ªn-«p-s­¶v NneÀ Ah-I m-i-s¸-Sp-¶ p.
Xp-sIm-­v, Poh-·p-tà-Ñb - m kÖ-\-§sf tkhn-t¡-
NneÀ tZh-·m-sc-t¸mse P\-§-fm ]qPn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. alm-
­-Xm-h-iy-am-Wv. `mcy, ]p{X³, _Ôp, kI-eXpw ]c-
hn-jW
v p-hm-Ip¶ Xma-c-bpsS tX³ \pI-cp¶ h­p-I-fmWv
amß kmao- ]y- ¯n-\mbn ssI shSn-tb-­-Xmbn hcpw. IÀ½-
X§-sf¶v NneÀ ]d-bp-¶p. NneÀ `àm-{K-Wn-I-sf¶ \ne-
ssZz-X-aà `mh-ssZz-Xa- mWv ssIs¡m-tÅ-­X - v. kÀhm-
bn Ic-bp-¶p. \r¯w sN¿p-¶p. bYmÀ°-¯n Ch-
ssZzX `mh-amWv Bhiyw. AtX L«-¯n ssZzX `mh
cn ]ecpw AÚm-\n-I-fm-Wv. Úm\n-I-sf¶pw XXz-
hpw Bh-iy-am-Wv. ImcWw Kpcp-ap-Jm-´ n-c-am-Wv. Cu
Úm-\n-Is - f¶pw ]d-bp¶ Ch-cn BcmWv t{ijvTÀ?
kwkm-c-s¯bpw ]c-{_-Ò-s¯-bp-saÃmw ]qÀ®-ambn Adn-
Bcpw t{ijvT-·m-c-sÃ-¶-XmWv ]c-amÀ°w. {_Ò-hnjvWp
bm³ Ign-bp-¶- X.v bYmÀ°- ¯n kZvKp-cp-hn-s\-¡mÄ hep-
atlm-iz-c-·mcpw IoS-§fpw sNs¶¯p-¶Xv Htc Øm\-
Xmbn H¶p-an-Ã. Cu XXzw icn¡p a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶h - ³
¯m-sW-¶p-Å-Xm-W.v ]c-amÀ°w. ]«n-bm-bmepw Igp-X-bm-
Poh-·p-à-\m-bn-¯o-cp-¶p.
bmepw IoS-am-bmepw kam\w Xs¶. FÃmw D¯-a-§-Ä
kzkw-th-tZym-]\
- n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.

1 kÀh-k-tcm-]-\n-j¯v 3

im´n- ] mTw t]cpw Hcp-an¨v Ign-hp-IÄ t\S-s«. R§-fpsS A[y-b\w

Hmw. kl-\m-h-h-Xp. kl \u `p\-àp. kl- tXP-kzn-bm-I-s«. R§Ä ]c-kv]cw Ie-ln-¡m-\n-S-h-cm-
hocyw Ic-hm-hs
- sl. tXP-kzn-\m-h-[o-X-a-kvXp. am Xn-cn-¡s
- «. Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx
hnZzn jmh ssl. Hmw im´nx im´nx im´nx 1. Hmw _Ôx IYw? tam£x Im? hnZym Im
]c-{_Òw Kpcp-in-jy-·m-cmb R§-Ä c­p-t]-scbpw hntZyXn? Pm{KXv kz]v\ kpjp]vX w Xpcobw
c£n-¡-s«. R§Ä c­p- t]-scbpw ]cn-]m-en-¡-s«. R§Ä N I Y w? A ¶ - a bx {] mW - a tbm at\ m- a tbm
- «. R§Ä c­p- hnÚm\ abx B\µ abx IYw? IÀ¯m Pohx
c­p-t]cpw Hcp-an¨v Ign-hp-IÄ ]men-¡s
N P
 835
I t£{XÚx km£o IpStØm ´cymao IYw?
{]Xym-Km-ßm ]c-amßm ambm tNXn IYw?
_Ôw F´mWv? tam£w F´mWv? hnZy AhnZy
Ch F´mWv? Pm{K-Xv, kz]v\w kpjp]vXn Xpcobw F¶o
\mev Ah-Ø-I-sf-´mWv? A¶-abw {]mW-a-bw, at\m-a-
bw, hnÚm-\a - b
- w, B\-µ-abw F¶o A©p tImi-§-
sf-´mWv? IÀ¯mhv Poh³ t£{X-Ú³, km£n, IqS-
س A´- cyman Ch-bpsS AÀ°-sa-´mWv? AXp-t]mse
Pohm-ßm-hv, ]c-am-ßmhv amb Cu XXz-§-sf-´mWv?
2. Btß-iztcm \mßt\m tZlm Zo\mß tXz\m-
`n-a\y tX tkm`nam\ Bßt\m _Ô-kvX¶ - n-
hr-¯ nÀ tam£-k vX -Z -`n-a m\w Imc-bXn bm km
hnZymtkm `namt\m bbmZn \nhÀ¯tX km
hnZym
Cuiz-c\pw Poh\pw BßmhpXs¶-sb-¦nepw GsXm-
¶mtWm Bßm-hà - m-¯Xv A§-s\-bpÅ ico-c-¯nÂ
Poh\v Rms\¶ `mhw D­m-Ip-¶p. AXp-X-s¶-bmWv
Pohsâ _Ô\w Cu Alw- ` mhw \in-¡ p-I - b mWv
tam£w. Cu Alw-`mhw krjvSn-¡p-¶Xv Ahn-Zy-bm-Ip-
¶p. hnZy-sIm­v Cu Alw-`mhw CÃm-Xm-Ipw.
3. a\ BZn NXpÀ Zi ImcssWx ]pjvIsse cmZn-
Xym- Z y\p KrlossXx i_v Z m- Z o³ hnj- b m³
Øpem\y tZm]m-e-`tX XZm-ßt- \m-Pm-Kc - -Ww. XZzm-
k\m cln-XÝ - -XpÀ`nx IcssWx i_vZmZy `mth
]n hmk-\m-a-bm³ i_vZm-Zo-\ytZm ]e-`ytX XZm-
ß\x kz]v\ w NXpÀZ-i -I -c tWm ]c-a m-Z zn-tij
hnÚ m- \ m- ` m- h m- Z yZm XZm- ß \x kpjp- ] v X w,
AhØm{Xb `mhm-Zv, `mh-km£n kzbw `mhm-`m-
hc lnXw ss\c-´cyw ssNIyw bZm XZm X¯p-
cobw ssNX-\y-an-Xyp-Ny-tX.
Bßm-hnsâ Pm{K-Z-hØ F¶p ]d-bp-¶-X,v kqcy-Zn-
tZ-h-·m-cpsS iàn-bm a\-Êv, _p²n, Nn¯w, Al-¦m-
cw, ]¯v C{µn-b-§Ä F¶n-§s\ ]Xn-¶mep Imc-W-§-
fm Bßmhv GXv Ah-Ø-bn-emtWm i_vZ-kv]ÀimZn
Øqe-hn-jb - -§Ä {Kln-¡p-¶Xv AXp Xs¶. i_vZm-Zn-
Øq-e-hn-j- §-fn-sÃ-¦nepw Pm{K-Zm-h-Ø- bn tijn¨ hmk-
\-IÄ \nan¯w a\Êp XpS-§nb ]Xn-¶mep Ic-W-§Ä
aptJ\ i_vZm-Zn-hm-k\m hnj-b-§sf Poh³ {Kln-¡p-
¶p. ap¼v kqNn-¸n¨ ]Xn-¶mev C{µn-b-§fpw im´-am-bn-
¯oÀ¶- Xn- \p- tijw GsXm- c-h-Ø- bn- emtWm hntijÚm
\-lo-\-X-bm i_vZmZn hnj-b-§sf {Kln-¡m-Xn-cp-¶Xv
B ka-b-¯pÅ Bßm-hnsâ Ah-Øsb kpjp]vXn
F¶v ]d-bp-¶p. Cu aq¶v Ah-ØI - -fp-sSbpw Dev]-¯m-
ebw F¶nh Adn-bp-¶Xpw kzbw Dev]-¯m-ebw F¶n-
hbv¡v \nc-´cw AXo-X-am-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xpw \nXy-km£n
ssNX-\y-ambncn¡p-¶X - mWv Xpcob ssNX-\yw. B Ah-
Øbv¡v Xpco-b-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶p.
N P
4. A¶ ImcymWmw j®mw tImim-\ mw. kaq- K
tlm¶abx tImix CXyp-Ny-tX. {]mWmZn NXpÀ
Zi hmbp-t`Zm A¶-ab tImti bZm hÀ¯t´
XZm {]mW abx tImti CXyp-Ny-tX. GXXv tImi-
Zzb kwbptàm a\x BZn NXpÀ`nx IcssWx
Bßm i_vZmZn hnj-bm³ k¦-ev]mZn [À½m-\yZm
ItcmXn XZm at\m-abx tImi CXyp-NytXx GXXv
tImi-{Xb kwbpà kvXZvKX hntijm hnti-
jtÚm bZmh `mktX XZm-h n-Ú m\ abx
tImix CXy-Nyp-tX. GXZv tImi-NX
- p-jSv bw kzIm-
c-W-Úmt\ hS IWn-Im-bm-an-h-Kp]vX hS-hrt£m
bZm hÀ¯tX XZm-\-µ-abx tImi CXyp-Ny-tX.
A¶-a-b-tIm-is
- a¶p ]d-bp-¶Xv A¶-¯m D­m-
Ip¶ tImi-§-fpsS kaq-l-cq-]-amb ico-cs¯bmWv.
{]mW³ XpS-§nb ]Xn-¶mep hmbp-¡Ä Cu A¶-a-b-
tIm-i-¯n IqSn k©-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ AXns\ {]mW-ab
tImi-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶p. c­p-tIm-i-§-fp-sSbpw DÅn Ign-
bp¶ a\Êv XpS-§nb ]Xn-¶mep Ic-W-§Ä aptJ\
Bßmhv i_vZmZn hnj-b-§-sf-¡p-dn¨v Nn´n-¡p-t¼mÄ
AXns\ "at\m-a-b-tImiw' F¶v ]d-bpw. Cu aq¶p tImi-
§-tfmSpw IqSn-t¨À¶v Bßmhv _p²n-sIm­v Nne-sXÃmw
Adn-bp-¶p. Cu _p²n-a-b-kz-cq-]s¯ hnÚm-\-ab tImi-
sa¶v ]d-bp-¶p. apI-fn kqNn-¸n¨ \mep tImi-§-tfm-
Sp-IqSn Bßmhv Ac-bm-ensâ Ipcp-hn KqV-ambn ØnXn-
sN-¿p¶ t]cm acw t]mse kzIm-cWw Adn-bm-Xn-cn-
¡p-t¼mÄ D­m-Ip¶ Ah-Øsb B\-µ-a-b-tIm-i-sa¶v
hyh-l-cn-¡p-¶p.
5. kpJ-ZpxJ _p²ym-{itbm tZlm´x IÀ¯m-bZm
XtZjvS hnjtb _p²nÀ kpJ-_p²nx c\n-jvS-hn-
jtb _p²nÀ ZpxJ-_p²nx i_vZk - v]Ài cq]-ck- -
KÔmx kpJ ZpxJ tlXhx ]pWy ]m]-IÀ½m-\p-
km-co-`qXzm {]m]vX ico-c -k-Ô nÀtbm-K-a-{]m]vX
ico-c-tbm-Ka
- nh IpÀhmtWm bZm-Zr-iyt´ XtZm-]-
lnX Xzm Öoh CXyp-Ny-tX.
kpJw, ZpxJw Ch-bpsS ZrjvSn-bn DÅn cpNn-I-c-
amb hkvXp-hn-s\-¸-än-bpÅ B{K-l-amWv kpJ-_p-²n.
Acp-Nn-I-c-§-fmb hkvXp-k-¦-ev]a- mWv ZpxJ-_p-²n-kp-J-
{]m-]vXn¡pw ZpxJ-\n-hm-cW
- ¯
- n\pw th­n Poh³ ]e
IÀ½-§fpw A\p-jvTn-¡p¶p AXp \nan¯w AXns\
IÀ¯mhv F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. i_vZw, kv]Àiw, KÔw, cq]w,
ckw F¶o A©p-hn-j-b-§sf A\p-k-cn-¡p¶ Bßmhv
{]m]n¨ ico-c-kw-tbm-Ks¯ A{]m-]vX-sa¶ \ne-bn Icp-
Xp-¶p. At¸mÄ AXns\ D]m-[n-apà Poh³ F¶v ]d-
bp-¶p.
6. a\ BZnÝ {]mWm-Zn-Ý-k-Xym-ZnÝ CÑm-Zn-Ý-
]p-Wym-Zn-ssÝtX ]©-hÀ¤mx CtXy-tcm-jmw-]-©-
hÀ¤m-Wmw-[À½o `qXmß Úm\m-Zr-tX\ hn\-

I iyXn Bß-k-¶n-[u-\n-Xy-tXz\ {]Xob am\
Btßm-]m-[n-cy-kvX-ÃnwKw icocw lrZv{K-Ùn-cn-Xyp- \´ anXyp-Ny-tX. B\tµm \ma kpJ ssNX\y
Nyp-tX-X {X bXv {]Im-i tX ssNX\yw kt£- kzcqt]m A]-cn-an-Xm-\µ kapt{Zm hninjvS kpJ-
{XÚ CXyp-NyptX
a\Êv XpS-§n-b-hbpw {]mW³ XpS-§n-b-hbpw kXzm-
Zn-Ifpw CÑm-Zn-Ifpw ]pWym-Zn-Ifpw Ch-bpsS ]©-k-aq-
ls¯ ]©-hÀ¤w F¶v ]d-bp-¶p. Cu ]©-hÀ¤ [À½-
t¯mSp IqSn-b-h\ - mbn Pohm-ßmhv Adn-bmsX Xs¶
AXn \n¶v tamN\w t\Sm³ ià-am-Ip-¶n-Ã. Bßm-
hn-t\mSp tNÀ¶n-cn-¡p-¶p. F¶v tXm¶n-¡p¶ a\Êv XpS-
§nb kq£va-X-Xz-§-fpsS D]m-[nsb enwK-i-co-c-sa¶v ]d-
bp-¶p. AXp-Xs¶ lrZ-b-{K-Ùn. AXn-\p-Ån-epÅ ssNX-
\ys¯ t£{X-Ú³ F¶v ]d-bp-¶p.
7. ÚmXr-Úm-\-tÚ-bm\m am hnÀ `mh Xntcm tX.
`mh- Ú mXm kzb- t ahm hnÀ `mh Xntcm- ` mh
lo\x kzbw tPymXox kx km£o- X yp- N ytX
{_ÒmZn ]n]o-enIm ]cy´w kÀh-{]mWn _p²njz
hnin- j v S - X tbm ]e- ` y- a m\x kÀh {]mWn- _ p-
²ntØ bZm XZm IqSØ CXyp-Ny-tX. IpS-Øm- Úm\-ssN-X\y kzcq-]\
Zyp-]l
- nX t`Zm\mw kzcq-]e - m-`-tl-XpÀ `qXzm-aWn
KW kq{X-anh kÀh t£{X-jzn\p kyqX-tXz\
bZm {]Im- i X Bßm- X - Z m- ´ - c ym- a o- X yp- N yp- tX.
kÀthm-]m[n hn\nÀ apàx kphÀ®-hZ- zn-Úm\
L\- Ý n- · m- { X- k z- c q] B ßm kzX- t {´m- b Zm
h`mktX XZmXzw ]ZmÀ°x {]Xy-Kmtß XypNy-
tX.
Adn-ª-h³; Adn-hv, Adn-tb-­Xv Ch-bpsS Dev]-
¯n-em-bm-Zn-IÄ Adn-ªn«pw kzbw Dev]-¯n-eb - -c-ln-X-
am-bn-cn-¡p¶ Bßm-hns\ km£n F¶v ]d-bp-¶p. {_Òm-
hp-ap-XÂ Ddp-¼p-h-sc-bpÅ kÀh Pohn-I-fp-sSbpw _p²n-
bn \nh-kn-¡p-¶Xpw Ah-bpsS Øqe-kq-£a v mZn tZl-
¯n\v \miw D­m-Ip-t¼mÄ Ft´m _m¡n-bp-s­¶v
tXm¶p-¶-Xp-amWv IqS- Ø-s\¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv. IqS-س
XpS-§nb D]m[n t`Z-§-fn \n¶v kzcq]w Adn-bm³
FÃm ico-c-§fpw Nc-Sn ap¯p-IÄ t]mse tImÀ¡-s¸-
«n-cn-¡p¶ Bßm-hns\ A´-cym-an-sb¶v ]d-bp-¶p. kIe
D]m-[n-If - n \n¶v apà-ambpw kzÀ®w t]mse hnÚm-
\-{]-Im-i-I-am-bn-cp¶v NnXv kzcq-]-am-bn-cn-¡p¶ Bßmhv
kzX-{´-ambn {]Im-in-¡p-t¼mÄ Xze-Ñ_vZ hzmNyamb
{]Xy-Km-ßm-sh¶v ]d-bpw.
6. kXyw Úm\-a -\ -´ -am-\ µw {_Ò kXy-a -h n-
\min \ma-tZi Ime-hkvXp \nan-t¯jp hn\-iyXv
kp b¶ hn\-i yXy Ahn-\ in XXv kXy-a nXyp
NytX. Ú m\- a m- X yp- e v ] ¯n hn\m- i - c - l nXw
ssNX\yw Úm\-anXy `n[o-b-tX. A\´w \ma-
ar- Z zo- I m- t cjp arZn h kphÀ® hnIm- t cjp
kphÀ®-anh X´p-Im-tcjp X´p-cnhm hyàmZn
N P
836
krjvSn {]]-t©jp ]qÀhw hym]Iw ssNX-\y-a- K
cq-]Ý- m-\µ CXyp-Ny-tX. GX ZzkvXp NXp-jvSbw
bky e£Ww tZk- I m-e - h kv X p \nan- t ¯jp
Ahy-`n-Nmcn k XXv ]ZmÀ°x ]c-am-ßm-]cw {_Ò-
tXy-NytX Xzw ]ZmÀ°Zu ]m[n-Im-¯Xv ]ZmÀ°
Zu]m- [ nIm Zzne- £ W BIm- i - h Xv kÀh- K Xx
kq£va x tIhex k¯m-amt{Xm kn ]ZmÀ°x
kzbw tPymXn cmß-Xyp-NytX XXv ]ZmÀ°-Ým-
tß-Xyp-Ny-tX. A\m-Znc´À h´n-{]-amWm {]amW
km[m-cWm \ kXo-\m-kXo \ kZ-kXn kzb-a-
hn-Im-cm-Zzn-Im-c-tlXu \ncq-]y-amtW AkXn A\n-
cq-]y-amtW kXn e£-W-iq\ym km amtb-Xyp-Ny-
kXyw, Úm\w, A\-´w, B\µw Cu kzcq-]-amÀ¶-
h\pw kI-tem-]m[n cln-X\pw ISIw aIpSw XpS-§nb
D]m-[n-sbm-¶p-an-Ãm-¯-h\pw tIhew kzÀ®w t]mse
- p-am-bn-cn-¡p¶ Bßmhv `mk-
am-\-am-bn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ "Xzw' F¶ t]cn-\m Adn-b-s¸-Sp-
¶p. {_Òw kXyhpw A\-´hpw Úm\-kz-cq-]h - p-am-Wv.
Ahn-\m-in-bm-b-Xns\ kXy-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶p. tZiw, Imew
hkvXp, \nan¯w Ch \in-¨mepw bmsXm¶v \in-¡p-I-
bn-Ã. AXns\ Ahn-\m-insb¶v ]d-bp-¶p. Dev]-¯n-ebw
XpS-§nb CÃm-¯Xpw \nXy ssNX-\y-hp-amb H¶mWv
Úm\w. a®p-sIm­p XoÀ¯-IpSw apX-em-b-hb - n a®p-
t]m- sebpw B`-c-W-§-fn kzÀ®- sa- ¶-t]m-sebpw hkv{X-
§-fn \qev F¶-t]m-sebpw FÃm krjvSn-bnepw ]qÀ®-
ambpw hym]-I-ambpw Ccn-¡p¶ ssNX\yw A\-´-sa¶v
]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. GsXm¶v kpJ-a-b-ssN-X\y kzcq-]hpw
Ccn-¡p¶ AXv ]c-am-\µw F¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. kXy,
Úm\w, A\-´w, B\µw F¶o \mep hkvXp-¡fpw
BcpsS e£-W- am-Wv. tZiw, Imew, hkvXp F¶nhIfmÂ
GsXm¶v ]cn-hÀ¯\ hnt[-b-am-Ip-¶n-Ã, AXp Xs¶-
bmWv XXv ]ZmÀ°-sat¶m ]c-am-ßm-sht¶m ]d-b-s¸-Sp-
¶-Xv. "Xzw' F¶pw "XXv' F¶pw DÅ c­p ]ZmÀ°-§fpw
tkm]m-[n-Ia - mb t`Z-§-fnÂ\n¶pw hn`n-¶-amb BIm-i-
s¯-t¸mse kpkq-£vahpw tIh-e-kz-cq-]h - p-amb XXzw
]c-{_Òw F¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p. A\m-Zn-bm-sW-¦nepw A´-
ap-ÅXpw Ak-¯-Ãm-¯Xpw kZvk-¯-Ãm-¯Xpw kzbw
Gä-hp-a-[nIw hnIm-c-c-ln-Xa
- mbn ImW-s¸-Sp-¶- Xp-amb
iàn-bmWv amb.
AÚm\w XpÑm ]y kXn Ime-{Xtb ]n
]ma-cmWmw hmkvXho N kXzm _p²nÀ euIn-Im-
\m-an-Z-anXy \nÀh-N-\obm hàpw \ iIy-tX.
CXp-t]m-se-b-ÃmsX aäp-hn-[¯
- n AXns\ hÀ®n-
¡m³ hnj-a-am-Wv. amb AÚm-\-cq-]hpw XpÑhpw anYy-
bp-am-sW-¦nepw ]ma-c-·mÀ¡v {XnIm-e-§-fnepw hmkvX-h-
 837
I ambn tXm¶p-¶-Xm-W.v AXp-sIm­v AXnsâ kzcq]w Cu
hn[-sa¶v ]dªv AXnsâ kz`mhw a\-Ên-em¡n sImSp-
¡m³ {]bm-k-am-W.v
9. ss\hw `hm-aylw tZtlm-t\-{µn-bmWn Zssih
Xp\ _p²nÀ \a\x iiz-¶m-l-¦mc kvX ssYh N
10. A{]m-tWm-l y-a \x ipt{`m-_ p-²ym-Z o\mw ln
kÀh-Zm-km-£ylw kÀhZm \nXy-Ýn-·mt{Xw lw
\ kwibx
11. \mlw IÀ¯m ss\h t`màm-{]-IrtXx km£o
cq]Imx aXv km¶n-[yXv {]hÀ¯t´ tZlymZym
APUm Ch.
Rm³ P\n-¡p-¶n-Ã. Rm³ tZltam ]¯v C{µn-b-
§tfm _p²ntbm a\tÊm AÃ. \nXym-l-¦m-c-hp- a-Ã. Rm³
A{]m-W\pw Ah-\k - vI \pw ip² kzcq-] -\p-a m-Ip-¶p;
Rm³ _p²n XpS-§n-b-hÀ¡v km£nbpw kZm Nn¯-kz-
cq-]-\ p-a m-Wv . CXn kwi-b-a n-à . Rm³ IÀ¯mthm
t`màmthm AÃ tIhew {]Ir-Xn-bpsS km£n-am-{Xw.
Fsâ kmao-]y-¯m tZlm-Zn-IÄ¡v ssNX-\y-¯nsâ
{]Xo-Xn-bp-­m-Ip¶p. Fsâ km¶n-[y-¯m tZlm-Zn-IÄ
P]-§-fà - m¯ hn[w {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶p.
12. ØmWpÀ \nXyx kZm-\µx ipt²m Úm\-a-
tbm-aex Bßlw kÀh-`q-Xm\mw hn`px km£n
1 lwtkm-]-\n-j¯v
im´n ]mTw
Hmw. ]q˨-aZx ]q˨-anZw ]q˨mXv ]q˨-
ap-Z-Ny-tX. ]q˨ky ]q˨-am-Zmb ]q˨-ta-hmh
injy-tX. Hmw. im´nx im´nx im´nx
Hmw. Cu {_Òw ]qÀ®-am-Ip-¶p. Cu PK¯v ]qÀ®-
am-Ip-¶p. Cu ]qÀ®-{_-Ò-¯n \n¶p-amWv Cu ]qÀ®-
{]-]©w D­m-bn-«p- Å-X.v Cu ]qÀ® {_Ò-¯nÂ\n¶v Cu
]qÀ®-{]-]-©s¯ FSp-¯mepw ]qÀ®-{_Òw Xs¶-bm-
W-h-ti-jn-¡p-¶-X.v
N P
\ kwibx K
13. {_ssÒ-hmlw kÀh thZm´ thZyw
\mlw thZyw thyma-hm-Xm-Zn-cq]w cq]w \mlw
\ma \mlw \ IÀ½ {_ssÒ-hmlw
k¨n-Zm-\µ cq]w
14. \mlw tZmtlm P·-arXyp IptXmta
\mlw {]mWx £pXv ]m]-tk-IptXm ta\mlw
tNXx tkmI-tamlu IptXm ta
\mlw IÀ¯m _Ôtam £uIp-tXm-ta.
CXyp-]-\n-j Xv
Rm³ kvYmWphpw \nXy\pw kZm-\-µ\pw ip²\pw
Úm\-a -b\pw Aa-e\pw kÀh-`q-X-§ Ä¡pw hn`phpw
\nÀ½-e-\p-amb Bßm-hmWv Rm³. BImiw hmbp F¶n-
h-sb-t¸mse Rm³ Adn-b-s¸-Sp¶ hkvXp-hà - . Rm³
cq]tam \matam IÀatam AÃ. tIhew k¨n-Zm-\µ kzcq-
]-amb {_Ò-am-Ip-¶p. Rm³ tZl-a-Ã, F\n¡v P\-\hpw
ac-Whpw FhnsS?
Rm³ {]mW-\-Ã, F\n¡v hni¸pw Zmlhpw Fhn-sS-
bmWv? Rm³ tNX-Ê -Ã . F\n¡v timI-t am-l -§ Ä
FhnsS? Rm³ IÀ¯m-hà F\n¡v _Ô-tam-£-§s - f-
hnsS?
kÀh-km-t cm-]\
- n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.
3
1. Hmw. KuXa DhmN þ ""`K-h³ kÀh [À½-Ú,
kÀh-im-kv{X-hn-im-cZ {_Ò-hnZym {]t_mt[mln-
tIt\m ]mtb\ Pmb-tX.
k\-Õp-Pm-X-t\mSv KuX-a³ ]dªp:þ ""`K-hm-s\,
A§v kIe [À½-§-fp-sSbpw aÀ½w [cn-¨n-«pÅh\pw
kIe imkv{X-§- fnepw ]WvUn-X-\p-am-W- tÃm. {_Ò hnZym-
Úm\w GXp D]mbw sIm­v km[n-¡m-sa¶v F\n¡p
]dªp Xc-Ww.''
 838

I 2. k\Xv kpPmX DhmN þ hnNmcy kÀh thtZjp
aXw ÚmXzm ]n\m-In\x ]mÀhXym IYnXw XXzw
irWp KuXa X·-a.
k\Xv kpPm-X³ ]dªp:-þ "kIe thZ-§-fp-sSbpw
A`n-{]m-b-ad
- nªv inh³ ]mÀh-Xn-¡p-]t- Z-in¨p sImSp¯
Imcy-§Ä Rm³ ]d-bmw. tIÄ¡pw.'
3. A\m-tJym-b-anZw Kplyw tbmKn\mw tImik-
¶n`w lwkky KXn-hn-kvXmcw `pàn apàn ^e-
{]-Zw.
cl-ky-amb CXv Atbm-KyÀ¡v ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¡m-hp-
¶-X-Ã. tbmKn-IÄ¡v \n[n-t]m-se-bmWv CXv. lwk-¯nsâ
AXm-bXv Bßm-hnsâ KXn hnK-Xn-Is - f-¸än {]Xn-]m-Zn-
¡p¶ Cu hnZy `àn-apàn {]Zm-bn-\n-bm-Wv.
4. AY lwk ]c-a-lwk \nÀ®bw hymJym-kymax _p²nx kutay cXnx {]oXnx Cuimt\ {Zhym-Zm\w
{_Ò- N m- c ntW im´mb Zm´mb Kpcp- ` - à mb at[y sshcmKyw tIktc Pm{K-Z -hØm IÀ®-
lwk lwtkXn kZm Abw kÀthjp tZtljp Imbmw kz]v\w enwtK kpjp]vXnx ]ß-X ymtK
hym]v X m- h À¯- t X. bYm- h yánx Imjv t Tjv T Xpcobw bZm lwtkm \mtZ eot\m `hXn XZm
Xntejp ssXe-anh Xw hnZnXzm arXyp atXy-Xn.
C\n lwk ]c-al - wk \nÀ®-b-s¯-¸än NÀ¨ \S- tX, Ghw kÀhw lwk-h-im-¯k
¯mw. {_Ò-Nm-cnbpw im´\pw PntX-µn-b\pw Kpcp-`-à-
\p-am-b-hsâ ap¶n lwk-]-ca- l
- wk cl-ky-§Ä {]I-
Sn-¸n-¡p-Ib
- mWpNnXw. kakvX ico-c-¯nepw Cu Poh³
"lwkw' "lwkw' F¶p P]n-¨p-sIm­v hnd-In Xosb¶
t]msebpw FÅn F®-sb¶ t]msebpw hym]n-¨n-cn-
¡p-¶p. Cu clkyw Adn-bp-¶-h³ arXyp-hns\ AXn-ew-
Ln-¡p-¶p.
5. KpZ-ta-h-j p`y B[m-c m-Z zm-bp-a p°m ]ykzm-[ n-
jvTm\w {Xnx {]Z-£nWo IrXy aWn-]q-cIw KXzm
A\m- l - X - a - X n- { Iay hnip²u {]mWm- ¶ n- c p[y
BÚm-a-\ p-[ ym-b³ {_Ò-c{Ôw \ymb³ {Xnam-
t{XmlantXyhw kÀh-Zm-[ym-b¶ tYm \mZ-am-[m-
cmXv _lnÀ {_Ò c{Ô ]cy´w ip²-kv^-Sn-I-
k-¦miw k ssh {_Ò ]c-amtß XypNy-tX.
KpZs¯ BIÀjn¨v B[mc N{I-¯nse hmbp-hns\
shfn-bn-te¡v hnSp-I. ]ns¶ kzm[n-jvTm\ N{Is¯ aq¶p
{]Z-£nWw shbv¡p-I. aWn ]qc-N-{I-¯n t]mbn A\m-
l-X-N{Iw AXn-{I-an-¡W - w. A\-´cw hnip-²-N{- I-¯nÂ
{]mW-§Ä \ntcm-[n¨v BÚm-N{Iw [ym\n-¨p-sIm­v
{_Ò-c-{Ôs¯ [ym\n-¡ -W w. C§s\ {Xnam-{X-\mb
Bßmhv Rm³ Xs¶ BsW¶v k¦-ev]n-¨p-d-¨m kzÑ-
kv^-SnI k¦m-k-amb Bßm-hnsâ A\p-`qXn D­m-Ip-
sa¶v ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.
6. AY lwk Ejnx Ahy-à-Km-b{Xn Oµx ]c-a-
lwtkm tZhXm Al-anX _oPw, k CXn iànx
tkma-la
- nXn Ioe-Iw. jSvkw-Jybm Atlm-cm{X
tbmtcI hnwiXn kl-{kmWn jSv iXm-\yZn Im\n K
`h-´ n.
kqcymb tkmamb \nc-RvP-\mb \ncm-`m-kmb
X\p kq£va x {]tNm-Z-bm-ZnXn Aáo-tjm-am`ymw
huj-Svlr-Zm-ZywK \ymk-Ic
- \ym ku `hXx Ghw
IrXzm lrZtb jvSZtf lwkm-ßm\w [ymtb-Xv.
Aáo- t jm- a u- ] £m HmwImc intcm- _ nµp
kvXp t\{Xw apJw cpt{Zm-cp-{ZmWo Nc-Wu-_mlp
Imem-Ým-án-tÝmt` ]mÀtiz `hXx Gtjmku
]c- a - l w- tkm- `m\p tImSn-{ ]- X n- I mtim tbt\Zw
hym]vX w. Xkym-jvS-hn[m hr¯nÀ `h-Xn, ]qÀh-
Zte ]ptWy-a Xnx Btátb \n{Zm-e -k ym-Z tbm
`h´n bmtay {Iqtc aXw ss\x EtXy ]mt]
a\ojm hmcpWymw {IoUm hmbthy Ka\m Zu
Xpcym-Xo-X-ap-·\ - -\-a-P-t]m] kwlm-c-an-Xy`n [ob-
- vam-·t\m hnNm-
cy- t X.
ChnsS lwkw Ejnbpw Ahy-à-Km-b{Xn OµÊpw
tZhX ]c-al - w-khpw Alw-_oP cq]hpw kp iàn
cq]hpw tkmlw Ioe-I-hp-am-Ip-¶p. C§s\ Cu Bdp
kwJy-ap-tJ\ Hcp cmhpw ]Iepw Ccp-]-¯n-Hm-cm-bn-c¯n
Adp-\qdp {]mhiyw izkn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p. kqcymb tkmam-
b, \nc-RvP\ - m-b, \ncm-`m-km-b, X\p kq£vax {]tNm-Z-
bm-X, CXn Aáo-tjm-am`ymw hujS F¶ a{´w P]n-¨p-
sIm­v lrZbw XpS-§nb AwK-§-fp- sSbpw Ic-§- fp-sSbpw
\ymkw sN¿-Ww. AXn\p tijw AjvS-Z-f-t¯mSp IqSnb
lrZ-b-I-a-e¯ - n lwkm-ßm-hns\ [ym\n-¡-Ww. Aán
bpw tkma\pw Cu lwk-¯nsâ ]£- §- fm- Ip- ¶p. Hm¦mcw
akvXI - hpw _nµp-t\-{Xhpw cp{Z³ apJhpw cp{ZmWn Ccp-
N-c-W-§fpw Imepw c­p ssIIfpw Aán Ccp-]mÀiz-§-
fp-am-Ip-¶p. kKp-Whpw \nÀKp-Whpw c­p ]mÀiz-§-fm-
Wv. C§-s\-bpÅ ]c-a-lwkw tImSn kqcy\p kaw {]Im-
i-h¯pw kÀh-hym-]n-bp-am-Wv. AXnsâ hr¯n-IÄ F«p-
hn-[¯- n-em-Wv. Cu Fs«-®¯ - nepw AXv ]qÀh-Zn-ib- nÂ
ØnXn-sN-¿p-t¼mÄ \n{Zbpw Be-kyhpw D­m-Ip-¶p.
Z£n-W-Zn-i-bn ØnXn-sN-¿p-t¼mÄ {Iqc-X-bn a\Êv
hym]-cn-¡p-¶p. \ncrXn tImWn-em-bn-cn-¡pt¼mÄ _p²n
]mt]m-·p-J-am-Ip-¶p. ]ÝnaZn-i-bn-em-Ip-t¼mÄ {IoUbpw
hmbp tImWn-em-bn-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ k©m-c-Iu-Xp-Ihpw D­m-
Ip-¶p. hS¡p Zn¡n-em-Ip-t¼mÄ hnj-bm-`n-cp-Nn-b m-Wv.
Cuim-\-¯n {]hr¯n; a[y-¯n-em-Ip-t¼mÄ sFlnI
]mc-{XnI Imcy- §-fn sshcmKyw Ch D­m-Ip-¶p. lwkm-
ß-I-amb Cu Bßmhv lrZ-b-Ia - -e-¯nsâ tIk-c-¯n-en-

N P

I cn-¡p-t¼mÄ Pm{K-Z-hØ; IÀ®-Ib- n-em-bn-cns¡ kz]v\m-
hØ; a[y-Øm-\¯ - m-bn-cns¡ kpjp]vXn; lrZ-b-I-aew
shSn-bp-t¼mÄ Xpco-bm-hØ A\p-`-hs- ¸-Spw. AXv \mZ-
¯n ebn-¡p-t¼mÄ Xpco-bm-Xo-X³, D·-\³, AP-t]m-]-
kw-lm-c³ F¶o t]cp-I-fn Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶. C§s\
lwk-¯n\v FÃm `mh-§-fp-ap-­v. AXn\v a\-Ên Nn´m-
i-ànbpw kw`-hn-¡p-¶p.
7. k "Gh' P] tImSyw \mZ-a\p `hXn Ghw
kÀhw lwk- h -i m- ¶ mtZm Zi- h nt[m Pbm- t X,
NnWoXn {]Yax Nn©n-WoXn ZznXob-x L­m-\m-Z-
kvX r-X obx iwJ-\ m-Z Ý XpÀ°x ]©a kv{Xo
\mZx jjvT-kvXme \mZx k]vXtam thWp-\mZx
Ajv Stam arZw-K-\mZx \htam t`co-\mZx Zitam
taL-\mZx \haw ]cn-XyPy Zita ta hm`y-tk-Xv.
Cu lwkw tImSn P]n-¡p-t¼mÄ AXn\v \mZ- ¯nsâ
A\p-`-h-ap-­m-Ip-¶p. Cu kIe \mZ-§fpw lwk-¯n-\-
[o-\-am-W.v Ah ]¯p-hn- [-am-W.v H¶m-a-t¯Xv NnWn; c­m-
a-t¯Xv Nn©nWn; aq¶m-a-t¯Xv L­m-\mZw; \mem-a-
t¯Xv iwJ-\mZw; A©m-at- ¯Xv X{´o-\mZw; Bdm-a-
t¯Xv Xmf-\mZw; Ggm-a-t¯Xv thWp-\mZw; F«m-a-t¯Xv
arZw-K-\mZw H³]-Xm-at- ¯Xv t`co-\mZw; ]¯m-at- ¯Xv
taL -\mZw; Ch-bn BZys¯ H³]Xpw Dt]-£n¨v
]¯m-a-t¯Xv am{Xw A`y-kn-¡W - w.
N P
839
8. {]Ya Nn©nWn Km{Xw ZznXotb Km{X `RvP\w K
XrXotb tJZ\w bmXn NXpÀt° I¼tX incx
]©ta {khtX Xmep-j -j vT - arX \ntj-h-¶ w.
k]vXta KqV-hn-Úm\w ]cm hmNm-X-Ym-jvSta
AZriyw \hta tZlw Znhy N£p-Øm-aew Ziaw
]caw {_Ò `thXv {_Òmß k¶n[u Xkvan³
at\m hneo-btX a\kn k¦-ev]h - n-Ievt] ZKvt[
]pWy-] mt] kZm-i nhx iàymßm kÀh-{Xm-h -
ØnXx kzbw tPymXn ipt²m _pt²m \ntXym
\nc-RvP\x im´x {]Im-iX CXn. Hmw. thZ-{]-h-
N\w thZ {]h-N\
- a
- n-Xn.
H¶m-as¯ \mZ-{]-`m-h-¯m icocw Npdp-Np-dp-¡p-
Å-Xm-bn-¯o-cpw. c­m-a-t¯-Xn-\m Km{X-`wKw kw`-hn-
¡pw. aq¶m-a-t¯-Xn-\m hnbÀ¸p-­m-Ipw. \mem-at- ¯-Xn-
\m incx-I-¼\w; A©m-at- ¯-Xn-\m Xmep-hn \n¶v
{kmhw; Bdm-a-t¯-Xn Aar-X-hÀjw; Ggm-at- ¯-XnÂ
KpV-hn-Úm\w; F«n ]cm-hmNw; H³]-Xn icocw
AZr-iy-am-¡m- \pÅ Ignhv; AtXmsS Znhy-Zr-jvSn- bpw. ]¯m-
a-t¯-Xn-\m ]c-{_-Ò-Úm-\w. At¸mÄ a\Êv lwk-
¯n ebn-¡p-¶p. k¦ev] hnI-ev]-§Ä a\-Ên hnebw
{]m]n-¨m ]m] ]pWy-\miw; At¸mÄ lwkw kZm-inh-
cq-]n-bm-bn, kzbw tPymXnx kzcq-]a - mbn \nXy-\n-cR
- vP\
- -
ambn {]mIm-i-a-b-am- bn-¯o-cp- ¶p-sh¶v thZ-¯n ]d-bp- ¶p.
lwtkm-]\ - n-j¯v kam-]n-¨p.