Wireless Technologies

-A short study…..

1
 Information Search Analysis & Seminar Skills

Venue : NIIT Ltd, Agra.

Faculty : Miss Gunjan Chauhan

Course : Semester 3, Information System Management.

2
Compiled by:
Amol Shrivastava
Gopal Punj
Amla Sharma
Divya Mohania
Pawan

3
Content modules
1

Wi-Fi
a WLAN
technology

Introduction
Wibree UWB
4 to 2
a WPAN an emerging technology
technology Wireless

WiMAX
a WMAN technology

3 4
Introduction to wireless!!!

5
 Conventional Wiring V.
Wireless
 Problems with wiring  Solutions with wireless

 Complexity of installation and  Completes the access

use technology portfolio
 Cost  Goes where cable and fiber
cannot
 Cables, cables, cables
 Involves reduced time to
 Aesthetics
revenue
 Bandwidth  Provides broadband access
 Lack of Mobility extension

6
Different Types of
Wireless Network
•Wide area networks that
the cellular carriers create

•Wireless local area

networks, that you create,
and

•Wireless Metropolitan
area networks are type of
wireless network that
connects several Wireless
LANs.

•Personal area networks,

that create themselves.

7
Wireless technology
comparison

8
1 Wi-Fi –a WLAN technology

9
Wi-Fi

• Wireless Technology is an alternative to Wired Technology, which is

commonly used, for connecting devices in wireless mode.

• Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) is a generic term that refers to the IEEE 802.11
communications standard for Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs).

• Wi-Fi Network connect computers to each other, to the internet and to

the wired network.

10
 The Wi-Fi Standards
IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11a IEEE 802.11g

Operates at 2.4GHz Introduced in Introduced in

radio spectrum 2001 2003
11 Mbps (theoretical Operates at 5 GHz Combine the
speed) - within 30 m (less popular) feature of both
Range 54 Mbps standards (a, b)
4-6 Mbps (actual (theoretical speed) 100-150 feet
speed) 15-20 Mbps
100 -150 feet range
range
(Actual speed) 54 Mbps Speed
Most popular, Least 50-75 feet range
Expensive
2.4 GHz radio
More expensive
Interference from Not compatible frequencies
mobile phones and with 802.11b Compatible with
Bluetooth devices which ‘b’
can reduce the
transmission speed. 11
Working of Wi-Fi

Wireless adapter

12
Wi-Fi Network Setup

13
 Strength V. Weakness
 Simplicity and ease of deployment since it uses  Limited level of
unlicensed radio spectrum which does not mobility.
require regulatory approval.
 Susceptible to
 Cost of rolling out this wireless solution is low. interference.

 Users are able to be mobile for up to 300 feet  Designed technically

from the access point. for short-range
operations and
basically an indoors
 There are many Wi-Fi compatible products that technology.
are available at a low cost and can interoperate
with other network technologies along with
minimal configuration.  Security threats (like
Eavesdropping, Man-in-
the-middle attacks,
 Privacy features like WEP, WPA, Media Denial of Service are
Access MAC address etc and security common)
features like user authentication and server
authentication provides reliability.
 Lacking high-quality
media streaming
14
2 UWB – an emerging wireless technology

15
 UWB Technology
 Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology based on the WiMedia standard,
delivers the necessary bandwidth to wirelessly move large data files
and enriched digital media.

 UWB is positioned to address the market for a high-speed WPAN (up to

10 meters, or 30 feet).

 UWB radio transmissions can legally operate in the range from 3.1 GHz
up to 10.6 GHz, at a limited transmit power of -41dBm/MHz. UWB
provides dramatic channel capacity at short range that limits
interference.
 Intel is poised to deliver the key components needed for successful
UWB solutions with the introduction of Intel Wireless UWB Link 1480
Media Access Controller (MAC).

16
UWB Applications
 Replacing cables between portable multimedia CE devices with wireless
connectivity

 Enabling high-speed wireless universal serial bus (WUSB) connectivity

for PCs and PC peripherals, including printers, scanners, and external
storage devices by providing speeds up to 480 Mbps (equivalent to
wired USB 2.0) within a 10-meter range.

 Creating ad-hoc high-bit-rate wireless connectivity for CE, PC, and

mobile devices

 Cable replacement and network access for mobile computing devices

17
18
Benefit

Challenges
 Interoperability
 Ease of product integration and certification
 Overall solution cost
 Global spectrum allocation

19
3 WiMAX –a WMAN technology

20
WiMAX
 WiMAX stands for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave
Access

 WiMAX refers to broadband wireless networks that are based on the

IEEE 802.16 standard, which ensures compatibility and interoperability
between broadband wireless access equipment

 WiMAX, which will have a range of up to 31 miles, is primarily aimed at

making broadband network access widely available without the
expense of stringing wires (as in cable-access broadband) or the
distance limitations of Digital Subscriber Line.

21
22
 Features of WiMAX
• The 802.16 standard supports flexible radio frequency
(RF) channel bandwidths.
1 Scalability • The standard supports hundreds or even thousands of
users within one RF channel
• As the number of subscribers grow the spectrum can
be reallocated with process of sectoring.
• A configuration and registration function to pre configure
2 Quality of Service SS based QoS service flows and traffic parameters
• Utilization of MAC scheduling and QoS traffic parameters
for uplink service flows
• Utilization of QoS traffic parameters for downlink service
• Optimized
flows for up to 50 Km
• Designed to handle many users spread out over
3 Range
kilometres
• Designed to tolerate greater multi-path delay spread
(signal reflections) up to 10.0μs
• PHY and MAC designed with multi-mile range in mind
• Standard supports mesh network topology
4 Coverage
• Optimized for outdoor NLOS performance
• Standard supports advanced antenna techniques 23
BENEFITS OF WIMAX
 Speed  Benefits to Service Providers
 Faster than broadband
service  delivering high throughput
broadband based services,
 Wireless reduce capital expenditures
 Not having to lay cables for network expansion,
reduces cost Providing improved
 Easier to extend to suburban performance and extended
and rural areas range
 Broad Coverage
 Much wider coverage than
 Benefits to Customers
WiFi hotspot.  Range of technology and
service level choices from
both fixed and wireless
broadband operators,
declining fixed broadband
prices, No DSL “installation”
fees from incumbent 24
 Limitations &
Disadvantages
 LIMITATION  DISADVANTAGES

 RF Interference:  Line of sight is needed for longer


Disrupts a transmission and connections.
decreases performance.
Overlapping interference  Weather conditions like rain could
generate random noise. interrupt the signal.
 Infrastructure Placement:  Other wireless equipment could
 The physical structure that cause interference.
houses or supports the base
station must be RF friendly. A
metal farm silo, tree swaying
 Multiplied frequencies are used.
in the wind may distort
signals, or change signal  WiMAX and requires strong electrical
strength. Or block signal support.
paths.
 Big installation and operational cost.

25
4 Wibree - a WPAN technology

26
Wibree (Baby Bluetooth)
 Wibree is an ultra low power, short range radio technology offering
connectivity between mobile devices and small, button cell battery
powered devices

 Interoperable radio technology for small devices :

 Developed by Nokia
 Complements other PAN connectivity technologies

 First open technology offering connectivity between mobile devices/

personal computers, and products such as watches, wireless keyboards,
gaming and sports sensors.

 Wibree forum merges with the Bluetooth SIG in June 2007:

Wibree becomes part of the Bluetooth specification as an ultra low
power Bluetooth technology to enable ultra low power PAN
applications.

27
Benefits
 The need of a technology optimized for ultra low power radio.

 A lack of interoperability due to the domination of propriety

technologies in ultra low power market.

 Ultra low peak, average & idle mode power consumption.

 Ultra low cost & small size for accessories & human interface devices.

 Minimal cost & size addition to mobile phones & PCs.

 Global, intuitive & secure multi vendor interoperability.

28
ULP Bluetooth technology
Uses & connectivity.

29
“Things that think…
don’t make sense unless they
link.”

-Nicholas Negroponte, MIT Media Laboratory

30