Page: 1

Record: 3

C' . l-ection: Chemical and Biological Warfare Collection

f. ibb Opento researchers
acotirsrrrou FOIA
ACQUISITION Donation
SI ZE r"7
oare narcn L9L6 - 19 91_
DATES
BULK L9.7Os-19BOs
LOCATION Offsite
COLLECTED BY Richie,.Tordan
SCOPE NOTE The collecti-on contains documents on chemi-cal and
biological warfare, focusing on the 1970s-BOs and with
emphasis on Southeast Asia. Issues covered include the
safety and proliferation of chemical weapons, arms
control and disarmament, the Sverdlovsk incident
(1978-BB) and Fort McCIellen closure (1989 -gL) , as well
as use of Agent Orange and other herbicides in Vietnam
and Afghanistan. Incomj-ng FOfA requests on CBW have been
int.egrat.ed into Lhis colfectlon and placed in their own
box.
STATS Yes
TRACK Boxes L ,5 ,6 requested 05 / tL/ I99S (,lCM)
7, 5, 6 ret 05/22/1995 (JCM)
2 req ai lLLltggs (JCM)
KEYWORDS Chemical warfare
KEYWORDS Biological warfare
EEvxgBag Southeast Asia
i .VORDS *--*Binary chemical weapons
K-, rllORDS Chemical weapons
KEYWORDS Biological weapons
KEYWORDS Geneva Protocol_ (June 17 , L9Z5)
KEYWORDS Agent Orange
KEYWORDS Herbicides
KEYWORDS Afghanistan
KEYWORDS yellow rai-n
KEYWORDS Arms controL
KEYWORDS Viet.nam
NAMES i-*Jestmoreland, william C.
BOX_T & CONTENTS 1 - Yellow Rain - U.S. St.ate Department investigation
on
the use of Chemical weapons in Southeast Asia and
Afghanistan (tgeZ, 1984-1986)
Southeast Asia cables
Southeast Asia*ZEFE
Southeasl Asia'5n-cl*EIghanj-stan cables
Special Report No" L04 "Chemical Warfare in
Southeast Asia and Afghanistan: An Update"
by
George Shultz (November I9B2)
2 - Documents from the U.S. National and British
Archives,
(c " 1930s-1970s)
BriLish Archives
 Page: 2

Triplett CBW Donat.ion

Weer Papers
Briti-sh Worl-d War II CBW Policy DocumenLs
Miscel-laneous British Archive Documents
( includes
estimates on Soviet CBW capabilities, use of
biological agents by Japan in China, World
War II era documents, and reports on chemical
warfare in World War I)
Library of Congress CBW documenLs
Radiological documents (1940s)
U.S. Archives
,-Tapanese BW Testing
U.S. Governmental Committee Reports (Post World
War II)
World War II documenLs
U.S. Senate Bill 5.320 Title IV "Chemical and
Biological WeaponsProliferalion"
MKULTRA documenls
Miscellaneous U.S" Archlve documents
(1940s-1970s) (includes study on dispursing
biological agenLs from the air, U. S - overseas
deployment of chemical agents and World War
II era documents)
3 - U.S. Government and United Nations reports
(c " 1959-1988)
U. S . GovernmenL Reports
Congressional Research Service Reports
(1970-1e89)
Government Accounting Offi-ce Reports
(1983-1990)
U.S. Army Reports (1959-1988)
Department of Defense RePort
rrAnnual Report to t.he Congress" - Secretary
of Defense Caspar W. Weinberger (February
ol
]-982)
United Nations Reports
I'General and Complete Di-sarmamenL, Chemical- and
Bacteriological (Biological) Weapons, Urgent
Need for Suspension of Nuclear and
Thermonuclear TesLs t' - Report of the
Conference of the Committee on Disarmament
(SePtember 26, L972)
"Chemicaf and Bacteriological (Biological)
Weapons" - Report of the SecreLary-General
(November 20, 19Bl)
Miscellaneous Reports (T973-L981)
4 - Agent Orange - Operation Ranch Hand (c. 7978-L987)
"The Toxicology, Environmental Fate, and Human
Risk of Herbicide Orange and lts Associated
 Page: 3

Di-oxin" - United Stat.es Air Force Technical

Report (Oct.ober t97B)
Review of USAF Hea1th Study and related
documents - Scientific Applications
International
corporation (sAIc) (1985-1987)
Folder 1 19Bs)
Fol-der 2 1-986)
Fol-der 3 1eB7)

5 - Herbicides - Yellow Rain - Southeast Asia

and Afghanist,an
Vietnam War documents (1965 -L974)
I'Yellow Rain', in SoutheasL Asia/Afghanistan
documents (1978-]-981)
Report.s, Articles, Papers and Memoranda on
Chemical-
Weapons Attacks in Southeast Asia and Afghanistan
(l-979-1981)
Reports, Artj-cles, Papers and Memoranda on
Chemical
Weapons Attacks in Sout.heast Asia and Afghanistan
(L982-7984, :-986-L98'7 , 1989)
6 - Sverdlovsk Incident, (I978, 1980-1981, 1986)
Fort McClell-an Closure, (1989-1991)
Sverdlovsk Material-s
Fort McClellan Closure Materials
7 - Chemical- Weapons Proliferation, (L949-l-991)
Chemical Weapons Bureaucracy, (7941-1991)
Proliferation Materials (includes documents on
Use of Chemical Weapons in fran-fraq War)
General- proliferation
Chemical- Weapons Bureaucracy
B * Arms Control and Disarmament, (1960-1991)
Fol-der 1- (1960-l-980)
Folder 2 (t981-1989)
Folder 3 (1989-1991-)
Includes Pari-s Conference on Chemical Weapons
USe
(.Tanuary I -tL, 1989) materials
9 - Safety - Chemical Weapons Removal - Disposal, (!961 -
1ee1 )
Safety (1968-1988)
Chemical Weapons Remova] (1988 -199L)
Disposal (L969-L97A, I973, 79'7'/ -1983, 1985 , 198J ,
1990-1ee1)
10 - Threat Assessments
nlnary/MlRS Weapons, (c. !975-1988)
 Page: 4

Includes:
Mostly rePorts
10.5 - Threat. Assessments
Cataloged documents
1l- Volunteers, (1-950-1990)
Outdoor Testing, (L957 -L987)
T2 Excl-usions - Unlabeled, (1916 -L975, 1950-1970)

1_3 Incoming FOIA requests

Presidential Revj-ew Memoranda (PRM's) on chemical
warfare
Strategic Air Command (SAC) in Southeast Asia
Report entitled 'rlncineration of GB and Containment
of Gaseous Products"
Report entitled I'The Feasibility of Chemical
ttlunition Disposal Using Nuclear Explosions"
Government Accounting Office (GAO) Reports on
Chemical Munitions and Chemical Warfare
Report entit.led "Long Range Chemical
bemilitarization Concept St,udy (Revised) "
chemical warfare contract studies on the control 0f
chemical and biological weapons
Bush Administration decision to implement. export
controls on the sale commonly used chemicals and
manufacluring equipment that can also be used to
make chemical weapons
Arms Control and Dlsarmament Agency (ACDA)
contracLs and grants on chemical warfare
Indigenous chemical warfare program/capability in
Sudan
U.S" Army Technical Report entit.led "Biological
Vulnerability Assessment: The West Coast and
Hawaii "
HeadquarLers. Department of the Army plans for
removal of chemi-cal munitions from Lhe Federal
Republic of Germany
Closure of Fort McClellan and the Chemical
Decontaminat.ion Training Facility (CDTF)
Changes to the operation of the Johnson Atol-l
Chemical Agent Disposal System (JACADS)
GAO reporLs on chemical warfare and Lhe Bigeye Bomb
DIA report entit.l-ed "Soviet Chemical Weapons
ThreaL'l
Biological Warfare accident in Sverdlovsk, USSR
(Le7 e)
FOIREQ 1Bl-36--Biological Warfare accident in
Sverdlovsk, USSR in I9"79
DIA report entitled "CBR ProLection of Soviet
Ground Forcestt (Tit1e Page onlY)
U"S" Army Dugway Proving Ground reporL ent-itled
 Page: 5

I'Psychological Tmpact of Mass Casualty Weapons

(CB) with Respect t.o Target Vulnerability"
(Title page only)
U.S. Army War College SLrategic Studies Inst.itute
on Chemical Warfare studies on chemical warfare
U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground report, entitled
I'Target Vulnerabllit.y Analysis : NATO Central
FronLrr
DIA report entitled "southeast Asia: Mycotoxlns and
the Soviet Connection"
DIA report entit.led I'soviet GeneLic Engineering:
Status and Threat'r
DfA report entit.led i'Chemical and Biological
Warfare Capabilities: NATO Countrj-es (France,
ItaIy, and West. Germany', (Title page only)
Movement of Weteye bombs
U.S" Army reports, "Biographies of Personal-ities in
CW Activities" and "Rumania - Chemical Warfare
Related Activit.iesrr . Summaries only.
Accordian folder labelled "Miscellaneous Documents'
L4 - Tncoming FOIA requests (continued)
Report entitled I'AnaIysis of Chemical Warfare
Operations" dated .Tanuary 1985
Chemical- and Biological Weapons section of an Arms
Control- and DisarmanenL Agency Administrative
History during the .fohnson Administration
Documents relatJ-ng to the CBW capabilit.ies of North
Korea and other Asian count.ries.
15 - Stockholm InternaLional Peace Research Inst.it.ute
reporLs:
#Z- "Chemical Warfare Arms Control: A Framework
for Considering Policy Al-ternat.ives, r' by
JuIian Perry Robinson
#+- Chemical Industry Conference Proceedirgs,
Vol-. 1
#S- Chemical Industry Conference Proceedings,
Vol. 2
#e- rrfnternat.ional Organization for Chemlcal
Disarmament, r' by Nicholas A. Sims
#g- rlNon-production by Industry of CW Agents, "
ed. S .,J. Lundi-n
76 - Incoming FOIA requests
Iraqi. and/or lranian chemical attacks during the
Iran-Iraq war from 1980 to 1988
Preparations for chemical warfare during NATO
wargame codenamed '*Wintex" in L979
PD/NSC 28 IIUnited States policy on Chemical Warfare
Program and Bacteriological/eiological Research
Program" dated ,January 25, 79lB
FOIREQ LIL29--Reagan-Kohl Agreement- for WiLhdrawal
 Page: 5

of Chemical Weapons from West Germany by L992

Discussions bet.ween Helmut Kohl and Ronald Reagan
regarding withdrawal of all chemical weapons from
the Federal Republic of Germany by L992
U.S. consideration of Geneva Protocol (several
folders)
FOIREQ 14883--Geneva Protocol
--Memoranda, letters, and reports (1965 -a913)
pertaining to the Unit,ed States' consideration of
adherence to Geneva Protocol, signed in L925 and
ratified in L975
FOIREQ 922\--North Korea
--Chemical, Biological, and Nuclear Capabilit'y
--Chemical Warfare Capabilities I7 - Publications
and Hearings:
Weapons That. May Cause Unnecessary Suffering or
Have Indiscriminate Effects
Chemical and Biological Warfare (April 30, L969)
Public Sale of Protective Chemical Sprays (May 21-'
re69)
Foreign Policy and Arms Control- Implicat.ions of
Chemical Weapons (March 30 and July 13, L9B2)
Chemical-Biologlcal Warfare: U.S" Policies and
InternaLional Effects (November 18, 2Q; December
2, 9, 1B-19, l-969)
Binary Chemical Weapons (July 1985)
Is It Feasible to NegoLiate Chemical and Biological
Weapons Control?
Chemical Weapons Convention--Pamphlets and Press
Release (1995-96)
Analysis of NKPA Chemical Warfare Capabilities
FOIREQ 6346--Geneva Protocol
--Memoranda on Biological Weapon Use Policy
FOIREQ 6386--Development of Indigenous Chemical
Warfare Program and/or Capabilit.y in Jordan
FOIREQ '702L--Alleged Outbreak of Anthrax in Soviet
City of Sverdlovsk in SPring L979
I7 - .Tordan Richey Research Material-s - misc "

report s/art ic I es /c1 ips

--CW SLockpile Destruction
--Army Stockpile
--Air Force Stockpile
i-B - Jordan Richey Research MaLerials -
--DoD Current News Issues on Chemical- weapons from 7984
and 1986 --Early Bird, issues from 1990
19 - Jordan Richey Research Materiafs: box on US
Chemical Weapons rnslallations/Blgeye/weteye ;
--Aberdeen Proving Ground
--Army CBW Policy
--Dugway Proving Ground
 Page: 7

--Anniston Army Depot

--Ft. Detrick
--Ft. Ord
--Johnst.on Atol (Z f iles)
--Newport Army Arms Plant.
--Pine Bluff, Ark
--Rocky Mt. Arsenal
--Tooele Army Depot
--Bigeye Chem bomb
- -Weteye
--Glenn Hearing, 2/1989
- -SfPRf : CBW Testimony, 1958 -L969

20 - Chemical Weapons Convention BulleLin

Glossaries
Chronologies
Texts (e files)
CB
Libya (Rabta) (c1ips/articles/published reports
as with fi-}es t.hat follow
West. Germany
Iraq
Created by BETTIN Lee2 03 27 | f II:40:36
lo
EDITED BY OPER L992 03 3l_ T L'7 : OB :34
D
ED]TED BY OPER L992 04 0l- T L].:24:5t
D
EDITEp gI OPER D
1992 A4 01 T L7:28:00
F IED BY L]SA L992 04 0l_ T 1.1 :56:38
D
n-*fnO eY LISA L992 04 01 T 12:72l.I4
D
EDITED BY LTSA l-992 04 02 T 09:08:28
D
EDITED BY BETTIN lo Lee2 05 18 lr 16:58 L4
EDTTED BY OPER D 7992 05 20 T Ll :5'7 :42
ED]TED BY OPER D ]-992 05 21" T 11:48:27
EDITED BY OPER D ]-992 05 2I T L2;05:24
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EDITED BY BETTIN lo 1-ee2 o5 27 | r 72:59:07
EDITED BY OPER D 7992 05 2L T 14t46:38
EDITED BY OPER D l-992 05 2L T L4:48:00
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EDITED BY BETTTN I D L992 05 22 lr o9:59:27
EDITED BY DAV]D I D 7992 05 22 T L3:A2 246
EDITED BY BETTIN D l-992 05 27 T 10:5L:2L
EDITED BY BETTIN D ]-992 06 18 T 7'l :26:56
EDITED BY BETTIN D \992 06 26 T lI:28:00
EDITED BY L992 06 29 T 12 :43 : 14
DAVID IO L9g2
EDITED BY DAVID I n rss2 06 29 T 12 :46:29
EDITED BY MARGAR I O rs92 0B 03 lr L4245:39
EDITED BY MARGAR In 7993 06 10 lr 16:51:59
ED]TED BY PAM ln ree3 o'7 07 lr II:24:22
EDTTED BY LrsA I o res3 10 18 | r 11:18:23
Y' TEIII
I, ,.ED BY
MARGAR D 7994 A2 04
D 1994 04 74
T 15:04:18
BETSIE T O9:44:04
EDITED BY BETS IE D L994 04 T4 T 7'/ :20:15
hl4tional
-
Security Archiwe fnwentory
rcoming FOIAs CoJ-lect.ion continued)

p"ftr Arms
Arms
Arms
Arms
Trade -L077 4-Thatcher-Biographic rnformation
Trade-11-131-
Trade-]-L234
Trade-11-485
Arms Trade-L6258
Trtcoon,nq {oirt' Arms Trade-tI675
U&,.rlJ.'^/') Arms Trade- ]-2040 -Thatcher
Arms Trade-13gBG
Arms Trade- I3949-Thatcher-A11ied Defense
fndustries
Arms Trade- 1_4 L5B -Thatcher
Arms Trade -L4498 -Thatcher-ADl
Arms Trade -I4499-Thatcher-ADI
Arms Trade -1_617 B-Thatcher-Roya1 Malaysian Air
Force
Arms Trade -L6920 -Thatcher
Arms Trade-1783i--Saudi Arabia/United Kingdom
Arms Agreement
Arms Trade-18810-Saudi arabia/United Kingdom
Arms Agreement
Arms Trade-2L777-UK Hawk Fight.ers to Malaysia
Arms Trade-21890-UK Hawk Fighters to Malaysia
Arms Trade-rmpact of offsets in Defense-Related
Exports a2/gS-L2/Bj
Arms Export Control Act
Awad, Mubarak
Mubarak Awad-t_533G
Bl- Bomber
81 Bomber/Eaton Corporation-General
Berlin Crisis
Berl-in Crisis-10099
Berlin Crisis-16037
Carter-Reagan Transition
Carter-Reagan Transition-General
1-1 - Subjects (Cont.):
Chemical and Biologj_ca1 Warfare
CBW-6346-U.S" Position on Geneva protocol
CBW- 6405 - Irani_an Facilities
CBW- 67]-9- Iranj.an Chemical Attacks
cBw-6'744-china's chemical and Biological warfare
Program
cBW- 91'1'2- ''Analysis of chemical warf are operations
CBW-11359-fraqi Chemical Warfare Capability
CBW-I39z9-Chemical Attacks during lran/Iraq War
CBW- :..7727-Iranian Chemical Facilities
CBW-1-8237-Iraqi Chemical Facilities
, CBW-18413-Taiwan Biological Warfare program
cBw-a9934-china's chemical and Biological warfare
N4lional-
'ncomingSecurity Archiwe Inwentory
FOIAs Collectj-on continued)
cBW-2026L-china's chemicar and Biological warfare
Program
CBW-20261"-China's Chemical and Biological Warfare
Program
CBW-2L7J-9-Soviet Biological Warfare Accident
CBW-22703-Chemical and Biological Warfare
CBW-22845- Iraqi Chemical Facilities
CBW-22958-China's Chemical and Biological Warfare
Program
CBW-23070-Taiwan' s Chemical and Biological Warfare
Program
Chernobyl
Chernobyl -Senate Hearings
Drug Policy
Drug Policy- 6922-pakistan
Drug Policy-L2253
Drug Policy-23392-U"S" Assistance to peru
Drug Policy- 137L7-Drug Trafficking-pakistan
Flashpoints
, Flashpoints-9360-Belgium
FOIA Policy
ForA Policy-17316-EOKA (Cyprus)
FOIA Policy-L7276-P1ot to Overthrow Kwame Nkrumah
Frontline States
, Frontline States-7360-RENAMO
Frontline Stat.es-1-8676-Wisner,s Trip t.o Southern
Africa
Frontline St.ates -8260
: Frontline States-16050 (1 of 2)
Front.line States-l-8485
11-A - Subjects (Cont.):
Frontline States (Cont. )
Frontline States- 1GO5O-'TEXDIS ZEBRA,' /Mozambique
(z of 2)
Human Rights
Human Rights-9226-Kurds (Z folders)
Human Rights-9436-Kurdsin Turkey and Iraq
Human Rights - 9462-Kurds
Human Rights- 10 178 -Haiti
Human Rights-IO24O
Human Rights -1,07.32-Kurds in Turkey
Human Rights-L0737-Kurds in Turkey
Iluman Right.s-I0749-Kurds in Turkey
Human Rights-l2{gl-Haitian Military Bios
Human Rights -!2920 -Kurds
Human Rights -2i-g3g-Kurds
Information Security
Information SecuriLy- 4573 - Safeguarding National
National Security Archives - George Washington University (September 2005 visit -
Reid Kirby)

Taiwan has had a high priority CW effort since 1970's. Their "Ku An" plan to defend
Taiwan and Pescadores relied heavily on CW.

Reasoning for acquiring a CBW program:

Response (Iran)
Added Capability ({raq, Syria, X, Libya, X)
Deterrence (Iraq, X)
Force Multiplier (Iraq, X)
Punishment (Iraq)
Economy of Force (Vietnam, Etheopia)

NSA CBW Box 2 Miscelaneous British Archive Documents File

UK estimated (JIC 156/ll/D)
Soviet Union was active in BW since 1930's, 120,000 - 150,000 metric
tons of CW in 1952.

Initially produced GA due to ease of production, available facilities and

German specialists. GA was believed standardized as it was incorporated
into training as earlier as 1950. A. Ye. Arbuzov reported developing GB
active organic phosphorous compounds as he had been a chemist in the
area since 1905.

Soviet Union had stockpile of penicillin adequate for 3 year military use.

JIG 297 /2 27 January 1949

Beliefthat Soviet Union would be BW capable by 1950 and Nerve Agent
capable by mid-1950.

At least two BW R&D facilities

Island in Aral Sea identified
Kanin Peninsula (67N45E) and BW Missile range on Kolguev
Island (69N49E) test sites identified.

Weer Papers
US Believed Germany had a nerve agent in 1941.
Crude Oil (Agent CO)
UK estimated30Yo of US artillery rounds were chemical
British referred to weapons having either Y-charged persistent (normally
H, Y3 or Y25) or G-charged nonpersistent (normally CG)
Agent N would be available for sustained use by mid-1945.
UK had DDT bomb (500 lb cluster with 126 generators) that could
disinfect 100 acres.
 training
First Radiological Support Group (RSSU) responsible for radiological survey
ptumUoU (OCt tgSZ; and Hardtack (Feb - Aug 1958) - though not as a
anJ pa*icipui"A i"
unit in the latter.

Muscle Shoals US Army Chemical Corps Phospate Development Works terminated

operations in July 1957 since the nation's "Dichloro" stockpile needs had been met'
pioduce 45 tons/day, but by modif,ing process to reduce phosphorous oxychloride it
could have a mobilization rate of 30,000 tons a year-

RMA two-step production facility closed in 16 August 1957 with a capability of

producing 9,000 tons GB Per Year.

PBA had a requirement to produce 20,000 BW clusters per month in i952.

and
Vulnerability Assessment Methodology in 1980's involved a) wind rose, b) highs
non
lows in region associated with predominant winds, c) classifuing as pre, post or
frontal ,yJt"*r. Early 1980's DPG made a series of vulnerability analyses for selected
facilities and regions to BW attack.

lgTg itwas clear that the us would have to supply uK and canada for cw retaliation.

XMl35 forthe MLRS combined DF and IQKZ in flight to produce 8A5774 (January
1982). Even underthe worst conditions (-19 degrees C) still produced ovet 67Yo agent.

ical differences hetwee. and U nl

Binary:Unitarv Bv Weieht Bv Volume
M687:M121 1.0 3.7
XM736:M426 t.l 2.0
Bieeve:Weteye l.l 1.4

level
CBW terrorist threat received discussion in late 1970's and reaches threat mitigation
by mid-1980's.

to
January 1985 President created Chemical Warfare Review Commission (CWRC)
address the adequacy of US chemical capabilities under Secretary of
Defense. Its June
1985 report *uJditt ibuted widely to congress during its lobbying in August -
SeptemLer 1985. Congress found the CWRC was in violation of the Federal
Advisory
Committee Act (t USCapp I) after noting that meeting failed to maintain minutes, or
were proceded by adequate notice to the public, and thus called into question how the
CWRC drew its recommendations.

Feathers as carriers (10% agent) na25 mph wind from a M16A1 adaptor would cover
from
4.6 sq. miles when releasedfrom 1,300 feet AGL, or 12.5 sq. miles when released
4,000 feet AGL.
BW was under Joint Research & Development Board (JRDB) of the National Military
Establishment under the Secretary of Defense.

Agent N in "Hourglass" E61 munition was found to spread up to 40 miles downwind

during the St. Jo. Program.
m 1954 the Soviet union was believed to be RW capable by July 1957.

NSA CBW Box 12

JCS 19241100 "Food Economy of Sino-Soviet Block" (1112011957)
In preparation for October 1958 reappraisal of BW effort a study to
indicate the goals of food destruction made. Intended effect: 20o/o
fatalities ou"r u year with 95Yo deqease in manual labor and 80% decrease
in clerical labor.

Soviet Union Far East Eastern Europe

Caloric Reduction 2.800 > 1400 2000 > 1200 2500 > 1300
Threshold of Effect 2500 I 800 2300

JCS 1837/95 "Chemical Biological warfare Readiness" (11 August 1959)

usAF decided to end its anti-crop efforts for a $300,000 per annum
savings. Paragraph V.A of DoD directive TS-3145.1 of 6 October 1956
mandated USAF had to rnaintain a TX1 capability against erops. USAF
decision noted that under optimum conditions it would take I - 2 years for
a military effect, could only employ during spring, Soviet Union had
expanded wheat cultivation into Siberia since original requirements were
drafted.

col. william creasy, "Presentation to the secretary of Defense's Ad Hoc

Committee CEBAR" US Army Chemical Corps Division of Research and
Engineering, 24 February 1950.
- E4SR2 held 320 cc of agent and distributed bomblets over 3000' x 800'
pattern.
20mm BW projectile held 5 cc of agent
Y,lb (861) held 30 cc of agent

US TR TJL XR
Tons/su mi 0.2 4.0 0.7 37.0
Munitions/sq 572 11,420 2,000 156,000
mi
R29lso m % 9 1-112 125
836/sq m t/12 1-l/2 % 21

.12
JCS 1837/46 "Overseas Deployment of Toxic Chemical Agents" March 1953
CINCFE requested that chemical weapons be positioned in Far East
command theatre capability on 7 June 1952. JCS replied that a limited
WWn capability *ould be provided within six months. If the situation
 waranted, then in beginning 1954 the stocks could be updated with new
weapons.

JCS 1837/62 "SACEUR's Interim Requirements for Toxic Chemicalmunitions"

(4 October 1954)
UK requested munitions in theatre for allied retaliation. US noted that it
would necessitate sharing information with NATO members, which UK
objected to as being against the Tripartite Treaty.

US intelligence on Sino-Soviet CBW capabilities largely guess work with liule concrete
information. Focus appeared to be on systems rather than intentions and opportunities as
was commonly done in assessments in Second World War.

RG 334 Stack 190 Row 33 Compartment 1 Shelf 1 Entry 315 Boxes 1150 - 1152
Five Volume "History of the Chemical Warfare Service in the Middle Pacific" covering 7
December 1941 through 2 September 1945. Col. George Unmacht saw attack on Pearl
Harbor while eating breakfast at the Outrigger Canoe Club. Lt. Reilly, leading the 5n
Chemical Service Company (Aviation) at Hickam Field received Legion of Merit for his
unit shooting down an enemy plane - the first US Army force to go into action.

RG 331 Stack 290 Row 8 Compartment 33 Shelf 1 Entry 276JBox140

File CWS/373,2/3 "Gas Targets: Operation OVERLORD" (19-5-44)

Retaliation by tactical air force in immediate support of Operation NEPTTINE
only with authority by Supreme Commander

Felt CG should be used on small scale due to hazards to civilians.

Mustard to be used in areas where CG could not, and as an adjunct to HE
comprising more than 20% of bomb load. It was estimated that repairs taking 24hrs
would be extended to 48 - 72with decontamination.

75 day supply of chemical munitions available to 9th Air Force

30 day supply of chemical munitions available to 2nd Tactical Air Force
Would take24 hours before air forces could commence chemical operations.

File CWS/3 7 3.2/ 1 "Chemical Policy"

Around June 1944 plans called for massive strategic and tactical chemical
retalitation.
By September 1944 the plans had been scaled back to include only tactical
targeting, and soon fell into being a reserve plan as allies began to believe chemical
warfare unlikely. There was also discussion of reducing the amount of chemical