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Direilions
17/
Jefferson'»
hdnt!7..i..,-ilillg.!I)"
his
tombsl
on«,
uitl,
ills7runiollsjor
I
herpiluph
btllrillg"'nill/oll)'10
III<'Ihrcc
(/<,hi,"'l'II/l'1I1
s
"inosi
10
beremembered"
,
1
,
.'
,
:~
..
'.
"
1';
i
:
l
,
,
,!
TheLifeand
SelectedWritingsof
THOMAS
JEFFERSON
Edited,and7vith
1111
Introdurlion
hy
.AdrienneKoch
(3
rVillil1)}!
Pnlcil
THEMODERNLIl3RARY
.;VTW
rOUK
,7\..o't£s
OX'UIR(;/j\'/,~
State,orthecruwn,thcren.lter,madegeneralpurchasesoftheIndiansfrom
t
ime
(0
t
imc,and
th«
govcrnorparcelledthemout
hy
specialgrants,coniorlll:tl)letf)therillesbeforede-srribcd,whichitwasnutillhispower.orinthatofthecrown,todis]lel:~(,with,Crants,unaccompanied
ll)'
theirproperlegalcircumstances,were
sd
asideregularly
hy
jirrifacias,
orbybill
ill
chancery,SincetheestablishmentofournewGovernment,
this
orderof(hingsishiltlittlechanged,
Anindividual,
wishingtoappropriateto
himsrlf
lands
still
unappropriatedbyanyother,p:lystothepuhlictreasureraslimofmoneypropor-tioned
to
thequantityhe
wants.
Hecarriesthetreasurer'sreceiptto(he
auditor-:
of
public
accounts,
who
thereupondebitthetreasurer
wit
hthe
SLIIII,
andordertheregisterofthe
land-
off.retogin'thepartyawarr.m
I
Iorhisland,"'iththiswar-rant
Irorn
theregister,hegoestothesurveyorofthecountywher«thelandliesonwhichheha~casthiseye,Thesurveyorlaysitoffforhim,ginshimitsexactdescription,intheformofaccrtifir.u«,whichcortiflr.u«hereturnstothelandoffice,whereagrantismadeout,andis~ignedIJ~'thegovornor.This\'Cstsillhimapeden
dominion
inhislands,transmissibletowhomhepleasesbydeedorwill,orbydescenttohisheirs,ifhedieintestate,~lanvofthelawswhichwereinforcerlurinzthemonarch"beingl:elali\'C'merelytothatformofgO\Trn~lent.orincui-
eating
prinl'iplesinconsistentwithrepublicanism,the
first
assel~lIJlywhichmetaftertheestablishmentofthecommon-wealthappointedaconuuittr-ctorevisethewholecode,toreduceitintoproperformandvolume,andreportittotheassembly,Thisworkhasbeenexecutedh~'threegentlemen,andreported:
J
butprubahlywillnotbetakenuptillarestora-tionofpeaceshallleavetothelegislatureleisuretogothroughsuch
a
work,Theplanofthercvisa]wasthis,ThecommonlawofEng-lanrl,bywhichismeant.(hatpartoftheEnglishlawwhichwasanteriortothedateoitheoldeststatutesextant,ismade
1.
Thisrrvis«]waspprfonneduy
J
dfLl'son,
\\'ylhc,andPendleton,
2.14
'lHOMJS]£FF£RSON
thebasiso,fthework,I~wasthoughtdangeroustoattempttoreduceIttoatext;Itwasthereforelefttobecollectedfromtheusualmonumentsofit.
Necessary
alterationsinthatandsomuchofthewholebodyoftheBritishstatutes,andofa:tsofa~sembly,aswerethoughtpropertoberetainedwered,lgest,e~
into
onehundredandtwenty-sixnewacts,in'whierslmphcltyofstylewasaimedat,asfaraswassafe,The
fol
low~ngarethemostremarkablealterationsproposed:
1
0
chal~ge~herulesofdescent,soa"thatthelandsofanvpe:son
dying
mtestateshallbedivisibleequallyamongallhischtl?ren,orotherrepresentatives,inequaldegree,
10
makeslavesdistributableamongthenextofkinasothermovables,'Tohave~llpublicexpenses,whetherof
the
general
treasurv,
or,of,apar~shorcounty,(asforthemaintenanceofthe
poor,
building
bridges,courthouses,&c,,)supplied
bv
assessmentontheciti~ens,inproportiontotheirproperty..T?hirel~nd:rta,k~rsforkeepingthepublicroadsinrepair,andindemnifyindividualsthroughwhoselandsnewroadsshallbeopened,Tod,e~lnewithprecisiontheruleswherebyaliensshouldbe-comeCitizens,andcitizensmakethemselvesaliens,Toestablishreligiousfreedomonthebroadestbottom,Toemancipateallslavesbornafterthepassingthe
act.
Theb,tllreportedbytherevisersdoesnotitselfcontainthisproposi-non:butanan~endme;]tcontainingitwasprepared,tobeofferedtotheI,eglsl,aturewheneverthebillshouldbetakenup.andfartherdirecting,thattheyshouldcontinuewiththeirp~rentstoa,certainage,the~ltobebroughtlip,atthe
publi.
e:-pense,totillage,arts,orSCIences,accordingtotheirgeniuses,tillthefemalesshouldbeeighteen,andthemalestwentv-oneyears,ofage,whenthey
should
becolonizedtosuchplaceasthe~Ircumstances~fthetin_leshouldrendermostpropel',sendmgthemoutWitharms,implementsofhouseholdandofthehandicraftarts,seeds,pairsoftheusefuldomesticanimalssc.,todeclarethemafreeandindependentpeople,andextend
255
;\()'f'[;S()
X
'VI
RC
IIY
fA
tothemouralliillllTandprotection,tilltheyhaveacquiredstrength:andto~endvesselsatthes.une~ime.to(I~herparts
.if
theworldfill'anequalnumberofwhiteIIlhalntants:toinducethemtoll1igr;ltchitherJlI'llJlerencouragements\~eretobeproposed.
It
willprolJahlyheaskcr!.,,'hynotret.unandincorporatethehlacksintotheState,andthussavetheexpel:seofsUPP"'ing
hy
ililportationofwhit~settlers,tl.levacancies
t
hevwillleave?llct'p-rIllltt'dprejudicesrntertallled
by
t.heWhites:tenthousandrecollections,hytheblacks,oftl.le.
lll-
i
mil'Sthevhn
\l'
sus:ained:newpr()\'oca
t
i,'ns;therealdistinc-tious\\'hi~hnatureh:15made:andmanydhercircumstances,\\,ill'di\'ideusintoparties,andprorluc«conntlsiolls,whichwillprohablyneverend11IItinthecxtern.linationoft1~eoneortheotherrace.Totheseohjections,whicharepolitical,maybeaddedothers,whichareph~'sicalanclll1oral.Thefirstdifferencewhicnstrikesusisthatofcolor.\Yhethertheblackofthenegroresidesinthereticularmr-rnbranebetwe.entheskinandscarf-skill,orillthescarf-skinitself:whetl:erItproceedsIron-thecoloroftheblood,thecolorofthebtle,orfromtha.tofsomeothersecretion,thedifferenceis
fixed
innature,and
IS
~srealasifitsseatandcausewerelictterknowntous',And
IS
thisdifferenceofnoimportance?Isit1I0tthefoundationofagreaterorlessshaH'ofIwautyinthetwor.aces?Arenotthefinemixt
1I
re~ofredand
\V
hitc,theexpresslllllsofeverypas-sionb~'greaterorlesssuffusionsofcolorintheone,preferaLletothateternalmonotonywhichreignsinthecou.ntenances,thatimmovableveilofblackwhichcoverstheemotiousoftheotherrace?Acidtothese,\1owinghair,amoreelegcll.ltsym-metrvofform,their
0\\'11
judglllentinIavorofthewhites,de-clarcd
!J\'
theirpreferenceofthem,asuniformlyasisthepreferen~eofthe(Ir.ru-utauforthebbc."
WOI11:1Il
overtho~eofhisownspecies.Thecircumstanceotsuperiorbeauty,
IS
thoughtworthvattentionillthepropagatiollofourhorses,dogs,andothcrclo;llesticanimals:whynotillthatofman?~e-
'Ii
desthoseofcolor,figure,amihair)thereareotherphysical
25(1
'TflOMAS.JeFFeRSON
distinctionsprovingadifferenceofrace.
Tln.y
havelesshaironthefaceandbody.Theysecreteless
by
thekidneys,andmorebytheglandsoftheskin,whichgivesthemaverystronganddisagreeableodor.Thisgreaterdegreeoftranspiration.rendersthemmoretolerantofheat,andlesssoofcoldthanthewhites.Perhaps.too,adifferenceofstructureinthepul-monaryapparatus.whichalateingeniousexperimentalisthasdiscoveredtobetheprincipalregulatorofanimalheat,mavhavedisabledthemIrcrnextricating.intheactofinspiration,somuchofthatfluidfromtheouteruir,orobligedtheminexpiration,topartwithmoreofit.Theyseemtorequirelesssleep...\blackaIterhardlaborthroughtheclay,willbein-ducedbvtheslightestC1111U5ementstosituptillmidnight.orbter.thoughknowinghemust
be
outwithiirstdawnofthemorning.Theyareatleastasbrave,andmoreadventuresome.Bu:thismayperhapsproceedfromawantof
Iorethor-cht,
whichpreventstheirseeingadangertillitbepresent.\\'henpresent,theydelnotgothroughitwithmore
coolncs,
orsteadi-nessthanthewhites.Theyare1II0reardentaftertheirfemale:butloveseemswiththemtobemoreaneagerdesire,thematenderclelicatemixiureofsentimontandsensa
t
ion.Theirgriebaretransient.Thosenumberlessafflictions,whichrenderitdoubtful,,,hetherheavenhasgivenlifetuusinmercyorinwrath,arelessfelt,andsoonerforgotten
wit
hthem.Ingenera!,theirexistenceappearstoparticipatemoreofsensationthanreflection.Tothismustbeascribedtheirdispositiontosleepwhenabstractedfromtheirdiversions.andunemployedinlabor.Ananimalwhosebodvisatrest,and\\'110doesnotre-fleetmustbedisposedtosle-epofcourse.Comparingthem
by
theirfacultiesofmemory,reason,andimagination,itappearstomethatinmemorytheyareequaltothewhites:illreasonmuchinferior,asIthinkonecouldscarcelybefoundcapableoftracinganclcomprehendingtheinvestigationsofEuclid:andthatinimaginationtheyaredull,tasteless,andanomalous.
It
wouldbeunfairtofollowthemtoAfricaforthisinvestigation.
257
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Thomas Jefferson - Selected Writings
This is selected portions of a book (29 pages) that includes selected writings and letters of Jefferson, edited by Adrienne Koch and William Peden, and including Jefferson's handwritten instructions for his own tombstone. The complete book…
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