Latihan Limit Aljabar Kls XI IPS

( x  h) 3  x 3
 
22. lim
h 0 h
1. lim 2 x 2  3x  5
x 2 1 1

x2  2 ( x  h) 3  x3
2. lim 23. lim
x  1 x  2 h 0 h
f ( x  h)  f ( x )
x2  9 24. Tentukan lim jika:
3. lim h 0 h
x 3 x  5 a. f(x) = 5x
x2  4 b. f(x) = 2 – 3x
4. lim c. f(x) = 3x2
x 1 x  1
d. f(x) = x2 – 3
x9 e. f(x) = x2 + 4x – 2
5. lim
x  2 x  2 3x  6
2 25. lim
x  2x  3 x 2 x2 1  2x 1
6. lim
x 1 x 1 12  3 1 
26. lim   
x 2  7 x  12 x  2 x  4  x  1 x  1
2
7. lim
x 4 2x  8 x 1
27. lim
x3 x  1 x  1
3
8. lim
x  3 2 x 2  11x  15
x2  1
x 3 28. lim
9. lim x  1 3x  4  x  2
x 9 x  9
3x 2  8 x  3  4 x 2  9
x2  4 29. lim
10. lim x 2
x 2 x3  8 3  x2  5
4
x  16 x2  3  x 1
11. lim 30. lim
x 2 x 2  4 x 1 1 x
3
x  27 x  4  2x 1
12. lim 31. lim
x 3 x  3 x 3 x  2x  3
x 3  3x 2  x  3 4  x2  7
13. lim 32. lim
x 3 x3 x 3 x 2  x  15  x
x2
33. lim  9 x 2  5 x  5  9 x 2  7 x  4 
14. lim
x  2 x  x 2  5 x  2
3
x   
x2  x
15. lim 34. lim  9 x 2  5 x  5  (3x  1) 
x 0 x 2  2 x x   

16. lim
x5  x3  4 x 2 35. lim  4 x 2  6 x  4  2 x  1
x 0 x 4  x 3  2 x 2 x   

17. lim
x 1 36. lim  5 x  3  25 x 2  5 x  7 
x 1 x 2  3  2 x   
 4x2  2x  5  2x 1 
4  x2 37. lim  
18. lim x   2 
x 2 3  x2  5  

lim
2 x  2 x 38. lim  4 x 2  x  9 x 2  x  5 x 
19.
x 0 x x   
x
2 2  2 
x  3x  1  x  4 x  1 39. lim 1  
20. lim x   x 1
x 0 2x
1
x
( x  h) 2  x 2  x  2 2
21. lim 40. lim  
h 0 h x   x  7 
Pembahasan
1. 2
 
lim 2 x  3x  5 = 2(2)2 – 3(2) – 5
x 2
=8–6–5=–3

x 2  2 (1) 2  2 1
2. lim = =
x  1 x  2 1 2 3

x 2  9 (3) 2  9 0
3. lim =  0
x 3 x  5 35 8

x 2  4 (1) 2  4  3
4. lim =   
x 1 x  1 11 0

x  9 (2)  9 7
5. lim =  
x  2 x  2 22 0

x2  2x  3 ( x  1)( x  3)
6. lim = lim
x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1
= lim ( x  3) = 1 + 3 = 4
x1

x 2  7 x  12 ( x  4)( x  3)
7. lim = lim
x 4 2x  8 x4 2( x  4)
( x  3) 4  3 1
= lim  
x 4 2 2 2

x3 x3
8. lim = lim
x  3 2 x  11x  15 x3 ( x  3)(2 x  5)
2

1
= lim
x3 (2 x  5)
1
=  1
2(3)  5

9. Cara 1
x 3 x 3
lim = lim
x 9 x  9 x 9 ( x  3)( x  3)
1
= lim
x 9 ( x  3)
1 1
= 
9 3 6
Cara 2
x 3 x 3 x 3
lim = lim .
x 9 x  9 x 9 x  9 x 3
x9
= lim
x 9 ( x  9)( x  3)
1 1 1
= lim = 
x 9 ( x  3) 9 3 6
 x2  4 ( x  2)( x  2)
10. lim = lim
x 2 x  83 x  2 ( x  2)( x 2  2 x  4)
( x  2)
= lim
2
x  2 ( x  2 x  4)
22 4 1
=  
2
2  2(2)  4 12 3

x 4  16 ( x 2  4)( x 2  4)
11. lim = lim
x 2 x 2  4 x 2 x2  4
= lim ( x 2  4)  2 2  4  8
x 2

x 3  27 ( x  3)( x 2  3x  9)
12. lim = lim
x 3 x  3 x 3 x 3
= lim ( x 2  3x  9)
x 3
2
= 3 + 3(3) + 9
= 27

x 3  3x 2  x  3 ( x  3)( x 2  1)
13. lim = lim
x 3 x3 x 3 x 3
= lim ( x 2  1)
x 3
2
=3 –1=8

x2 x2
14. lim = lim
x  2 x3  x 2  5x  2 x  2 ( x  2)( x 2  3x  1)
1
= lim
x  2 ( x 2  3x  1)
1 1
= 
(2) 2  3(2)  1 11

x2  x x( x  1)
15. lim = lim
x  0 x 2  2 x x  0 x( x  2)
( x  1)
= lim
x  0 ( x  2)
0 1 1
= 
02 2

x5  x3  4 x 2 x 2 ( x 3  x  4)
16. lim = lim
x 0 x 4  x 3  2 x 2 x 0 x 2 ( x 2  x  2)
( x 3  x  4)
= lim
( x 2  x  2)
x 0
004
=  2
002
 x 1 x 1 x2  3  2
17. lim = lim .
x 1 x2  3  2 x 1 x2  3  2 x2  3  2
( x  1)( x 2  3  2)
= lim
x 1 x 2 1
( x  1)( x 2  3  2)
= lim
x 1 ( x  1)( x  1)
( x 2  3  2)
= lim
x 1 ( x  1)
12  3  2 4
=  2
11 2

4  x2 4  x2 3  x2  5
18. lim = lim .
x 2 3  x2  5 x 2 3  x2  5 3  x2  5
(4  x 2 )(3  x 2  5 )
= lim
x 2 9  ( x 2  5)
(4  x 2 )(3  x 2  5 )
= lim
x 2 4  x2
= lim (3  x 2  5 )
x 2

= 3  22  5  6

2 x  2 x 2 x  2 x 2 x  2 x
19. lim = lim .
x 0 x x 0 x 2 x  2 x
2  x  (2  x)
= lim
x  0 x( 2  x  2  x )
2x
= lim
x  0 x( 2  x  2  x )
2
= lim
x 0 ( 2  x  2  x )
2
=
( 2  0  2  0)
2 2 1
=   2
2 2 2 2 2

x 2  3x  1  x 2  4 x  1 x 2  3x  1  x 2  4 x  1 x 2  3x  1  x 2  4 x  1
20. lim = lim .
x 0 2x x 0 2x x 2  3x  1  x 2  4 x  1
x 2  3x  1  ( x 2  4 x  1)
= lim
x 0 2 x( x 2  3x  1  x 2  4 x  1)
 7x
= lim
x  0 2 x( x 2  3 x  1  x 2  4 x  1)
 7
= lim
x  0 2( x 2  3x  1  x 2  4 x  1)
7
=
2( 0 2  3(0)  1  0 2  4(0)  1)
7 7
= 
2(1  1) 4

( x  h) 2  x 2 x 2  2 xh  h 2  x 2
21. lim = lim
h 0 h h 0 h
h( 2 x  h)
= lim
h 0 h
= lim (2 x  h)  2 x
h 0

( x  h) 3  x 3 x 3  3x 2 h  3xh 2  h3  x 3
22. lim = lim
h 0 h h 0 h
h(3x 2  3xh  h 2 )
= lim
h 0 h
= lim (3x 2  3xh  h 2 )  3x 2
h 0

 2 1 1 2
 
1 1 1 1  ( x  h) 3  ( x  h) 3 x 3  ( x  h) 3 
( x  h) 3  x3 ( x  h) 3  x 3  

23. lim = lim .
h 0 h h 0 h  2 1 1 2
 3
 ( x  h)  ( x  h) x  ( x  h) 
3 3 3
 
 
( x  h)  x
= lim
h 0  2 1 1 2
 
h ( x  h) 3  ( x  h) 3 x 3  ( x  h) 3 
 
 
1
=
 2 1 1 2
 3
 ( x  0)  ( x  0) x  ( x  0) 
3 3 3
 
 
2
1 1 
=  x 3
2 3
3x 3

f ( x  h)  f ( x )
24. lim
h 0 h
a. f(x) = 5x
f(x+h) = 5(x+h) = 5x + 5h
f ( x  h)  f ( x ) 5 x  5h  5 x
lim = lim
h 0 h h 0 h
5h
= lim  lim 5  5
h 0 h h 0
 b. f(x) = 2 – 3x
f(x+h) = 2 – 3(x+h) = 2 – 3x – 3h
f ( x  h)  f ( x ) 2  3x  3h  (2  3x)
lim = lim
h 0 h h 0 h
 3h
= lim
h 0 h
= lim  3   3
h 0

c. f(x) = 3x2
f(x+h) = 3(x+h)2 = 3x2 + 6xh+3h2
f ( x  h)  f ( x ) 3x 2  6 xh  3xh 2  3x 2
lim = lim
h 0 h h 0 h
h(6 x  3xh)
= lim
h 0 h
= lim (6 x  3xh)  6 x
h 0

d. f(x) = x2 – 3
f(x+h) = (x+h)2 – 3 = x2 + 2xh+ h2 – 3
f ( x  h)  f ( x ) x 2  2 xh  h 2  3  ( x 2  3)
lim = lim
h 0 h h 0 h
h( 2 x  h)
= lim
h 0 h
= lim (2 x  h)  2 x
h 0

e. f(x) = x2 + 4x – 2
f(x+h) = (x+h)2 + 4(x+h) – 2
= x2 + 2xh + h2 + 4x + 4h – 2
f ( x  h)  f ( x ) x 2  2 xh  h 2  4 x  4h  2  ( x 2  4 x  2)
lim = lim
h 0 h h 0 h
h(2 x  h  4)
= lim
h 0 h
= lim (2 x  h  4)  2 x  4
h 0

3x  6 3x  6 x 2 1  2x 1
25. lim = lim .
x 2 x2 1  2x 1 x 2 x 2 1  2x 1 x 2 1  2x 1
(3x  6)( x 2  1  2 x  1)
= lim
x 2 x 2  1  (2 x  1)
(3x  6)( x 2  1  2 x  1)
= lim
x 2 x2  2x
3( x  2)( x 2  1  2 x  1)
= lim
x 2 x( x  2)
3( x 2  1  2 x  1)
= lim
x 2 x
 3( 2 2  1  2(2)  1)
=
2
3(2 3 )
= 3 3
2

12  3 1  12  3( x  1)  1( x  1) 
26. lim    = lim  
x  2 x  4  x  1 x  1
2 x 2 x  4  ( x  1)( x  1) 
2

12  2 x  4 
= lim  
x 2 x 2  4  ( x 2  1) 
12  2( x  2) 
= lim  
x 2 ( x  2)( x  2)  ( x 2  1) 

12  2 
= lim  
x  2 ( x  2)  ( x 2  1) 

12  2 
=  
(2  2)  (2 2  1) 
24
= 2
12

27. Cara 1
 3 x 2  3 x  1
x 1 x  1  

lim = lim .
x  1 3 x 1 x  1 3 x  1  3 2 3 
 x  x  1
 
( x  1) 3 x 2  3 x  1
= lim  
x  1 x 1
= lim  3 x 2  3 x  1
x  1  
 3 (1) 2  3 (1)  1
=  
 
=1

Cara 2
misal 3 x  p , maka x = p3 dan untuk x –1 maka p  –1
x 1 p3  1
lim = lim
x  1 3 x 1 p  1 p  1

( p  1)( p 2  p  1)
= lim
p  1 p 1
= lim ( p 2  p  1)
p  1
2
= (-1) + (-1) + 1 = 1
 x2  1 x 2 1 3x  4  x  2
28. lim = lim .
x  1 3x  4  x  2 x  1 3x  4  x  2 3x  4  x  2
( x  1)( x  1)( 3x  4  x  2 )
= lim
x  1 2x  2
( x  1)( 3x  4  x  2 )
= lim
x  1 2
(1  1)( 3(1)  4  (1)  2 )
=
2
 2(1  1)
=  2
2

3x 2  8 x  3  4 x 2  9
29. lim
x 2 3  x2  5
3x 2  8 x  3  4 x 2  9 3x 2  8 x  3  4 x 2  9 3  x2  5
= lim . .
x 2 3  x2  5 3  x2  5 3x 2  8 x  3  4 x 2  9
[(3x 2  8 x  3)  (4 x 2  9)][3  x 2  5]
= lim
x 2 [9  ( x 2  5)][ 3x 2  8 x  3  4 x 2  9 ]
[ x 2  8 x  12][3  x 2  5]
= lim
x 2 [4  x 2 ][ 3x 2  8 x  3  4 x 2  9 ]
( x  2)( x  6)[3  x 2  5]
= lim
x 2 (2  x)(2  x)[ 3x 2  8 x  3  4 x 2  9 ]
( x  6)[3  x 2  5]
= lim
x 2 (2  x)[ 3x 2  8 x  3  4 x 2  9 ]
(2  6)[3  2 2  5]
=
(2  2)[ 3(2) 2  8(2)  3  4(2) 2  9 ]
3
= 
5

x2  3  x 1 x 2  3  ( x  1) x 2  3  ( x  1) 1  x
30. lim = lim . .
x 1 1 x x 1 1 x x  3  ( x  1) 1  x
2

[( x 2  3)  ( x  1) 2 ] 1 x
= lim .
x 1 1 x x 2  3  ( x  1)
 2x  2 1 x
= lim .
x 1 1  x x 2  3  ( x  1)
1 1
= 2.
12  3  (1  1)
=1
 x  4  2x 1 x  4  2x 1 x  4  2x 1 x  2x  3
31. lim = lim . .
x 3 x  2x  3 x 3 x  2x  3 x  4  2x 1 x  2x  3
[( x  4)  (2 x  1)] x  2x  3
= lim .
x 3 x 2  (2 x  3) x  4  2x 1
3 x x  2x  3
= lim .
x 3 ( x  3)( x  1) x  4  2 x  1

1 x  2x  3
= lim .
x 3 ( x  1) x  4  2 x  1

1 3  2(3)  3
= .
(3  1) 3  4  2(3)  1
3 3
=   7
4 7 28

4  x2  7 4  x2  7 4  x2  7 x 2  x  15  x
32. lim = lim . .
x 3 x 2  x  15  x x 3 x 2  x  15  x 4  x 2  7 x 2  x  15  x
16  ( x 2  7) x 2  x  15  x
= lim .
x 3 ( x 2  x)  (15  x) 4  x2  7
(3  x)(3  x) x 2  x  15  x
= lim .
x 3 ( x  3)( x  5) 4  x2  7
(3  x) x 2  x  15  x
= lim .
x 3 ( x  5) 4  x2  7
(3  3) 32  3  15  3
= .
(3  5) 4  32  7
3
= 3
8

33. Cara 1
lim  9 x 2  5 x  5  9 x 2  7 x  4 
x   
 9 x 2  5x  5  9 x 2  7 x  4 
 
 2 2 
= lim  9 x  5 x  5  9 x  7 x  4  .
 
x     9 x 2  5x  5  9 x 2  7 x  4 
 
 

= lim
(9x 2  5x  5)  (9x 2  7 x  4)
x   2 2 
 9 x  5x  5  9 x  7 x  4 
 
12 x  9
= lim
x   2 2 
 9 x  5x  5  9 x  7 x  4 
 
 9
12 
= lim x
x   5 5 7 4 
 9   9   
 x x2 x x2 
 
12  0
=

900  900 
12
= 2
6

Cara 2
5  (7) 12
lim  9 x 2  5 x  5  9 x 2  7 x  4  =  2
x    2 9 6

34. Cara 1
9 x 2  5 x  5  (3x  1)
lim  9 x 2  5 x  5  (3x  1)  = lim  9 x 2  5 x  5  (3x  1)  .
x    x    9 x 2  5 x  5  (3x  1)

(9 x 2  5 x  5)  (9 x 2  6 x  1)
= lim
x  9 x 2  5 x  5  (3x  1)
x4
= lim
x  9 x 2  5 x  5  (3x  1)
4
1 
= lim x
x  5 5 1
9   (3  )
x x 2 x
1  0
=
9  0  0  (3  0)
1
= 
6
Cara 2

lim  9 x 2  5 x  5  (3x  1)  = lim  9 x 2  5 x  5  9 x 2  6 x  1 

x    x   
56 1
= 
2 9 6

35. Cara 1
lim  4 x 2  6 x  4  2 x  1 = lim  4 x 2  6 x  4  (2 x  1) 
x    x   
4 x 2  6 x  4  (2 x  1)
= lim  4 x 2  6 x  4  (2 x  1)  .
x    4 x 2  6 x  4  (2 x  1)

(4 x 2  6 x  4)  (4 x 2  4 x  1)
= lim
x  4 x 2  6 x  4  (2 x  1)
10 x  3
= lim
x  4 x 2  6 x  4  (2 x  1)
 3
10 
= lim x
x  6 4 1
4  (2  )
x x 2 x
10  0
=
4  0  0  (2  0)
10 5
= 
4 2
Cara 2

lim  4 x 2  6 x  4  2 x  1 = lim  4 x 2  6 x  4  (2 x  1) 

x    x   
 2 2
= lim  4 x  6 x  4  4 x  4 x  1 

x   
6  (4) 10 5
= = 
2 4 4 2

36. Cara 1

  (5 x  3)  25 x 2  5 x  7
lim  5 x  3  25 x 2  5 x  7  2
= lim  (5 x  3)  25 x  5 x  7  .
x    x    (5 x  3)  25 x 2  5 x  7

(25 x 2  30 x  9)  (25 x 2  5 x  7)
= lim
x  (5 x  3)  25 x 2  5 x  7
 35 x  2
= lim
x   (5 x  3) 
25 x 2  5 x  7
2
 35 
= lim x
x  3 5 7
(5  )  25  
x x x2
 35  0
=
(5  0)  25  0  0
 35 7
= 
10 2

Cara 2
lim  5 x  3  25 x 2  5 x  7  = lim  25 x 2  30 x  9  25 x 2  5 x  7 
x    x   
 30  5  35 7
=  
2 25 10 2

37. Cara 1
 4x2  2x  5  2x 1   4 x 2  2 x  5  (2 x  1)  4 x 2  2 x  5  (2 x  1)
lim   = lim
 .
x   2  x   2  2
    4 x  2 x  5  (2 x  1)
(4 x 2  2 x  5)  (4 x 2  4 x  1)
= lim
x  2.[ 4 x 2  2 x  5  (2 x  1)]
 2x  4
= lim
x   2.[ 4 x 2  2 x  5  (2 x  1)]

4
2
= lim x
x  2 5
1
2.[ 4 
  (2  )]
x x2 x
20
=
2.[ 4  0  0  (2  0)]
2 1
= 
2.[2  2] 4
Cara 2
 4x2  2x  5  2x 1   4 x 2  2 x  5  (2 x  1) 
lim   = lim  
x   2  x   2 
   
 4x2  2x  5  4x2  4x 1 
= lim
 
x   2 
 
1  2  (4) 1
= . 
2 2 4 4

38. lim  4 x 2  x  9 x 2  x  5 x  = lim  ( 4 x 2  x  2 x)  ( 9 x 2  x  3x ) 

x    x   
 2 2 2
= lim  ( 4 x  x  x )  ( 9 x  x  9 x ) 
2 
x   
1  0 1  0
= 
2 4 2 9
1 1 1
=  
4 6 12

x 1 2 x
.
  2 x 1
x  1 
 2 
 
39. lim 1   = lim 1 
x   x  1 x   x 1 
 
 2 
2x
lim
x 1
= e x 

= e2

1 1
x x
 x  2 2  ( x  7)  5  2
40. lim   = lim  
x   x  7  x   x  7 
1
x
 5 2
= lim 1  
x   x7
x7 5x
.
  5 2( x  7 )
 1 

= lim 1 
x   x7 
 
 5 
 5x
lim
 7)
= e x 
2 ( x

5
= e2