Anterior olfactory Transmits the sense of smell; Located

I Olfactory nerve S
nucleus in olfactory foramina of ethmoid

Lateral geniculate Transmits visual information to the

II Optic nerve S
nucleus brain; Located in optic canal

Innervates levator palpebrae

III Oculomotor nerve M Midbrain
superioris, superior rectus, medial
Oculomotor
rectus, inferior rectus, and inferior
nucleus,Edinger-
oblique, which collectively perform
Westphal nucleus
most eye movements; Located
insuperior orbital fissure

Innervates the superior oblique muscle,

which depresses, rotates laterally
IV Trochlear nerve M Midbrain Trochlear nucleus (around the optic axis), and intorts the
eyeball; Located in superior orbital
fissure

Principal sensory
trigeminal nucleus, Receives sensation from the face and
Spinal trigeminal innervates the muscles of mastication;
nucleus, Located in superior orbital
V Trigeminal nerve B Pons
Mesencephalic fissure (ophthalmic branch), foramen
trigeminal nucleus, rotundum (maxillary branch),
Trigeminal motor and foramen ovale (mandibular branch)
nucleus

Innervates the lateral rectus, which

Posterior margin
VI Abducens nerve M Abducens nucleus abducts the eye; Located in superior
of Pons
orbital fissure

Provides motor innervation to

the muscles of facial
expression and stapedius, receives the
Facial special sense of taste from the anterior
Pons(cerebellopontine nucleus, Solitary 2/3 of the tongue, and provides
VII Facial nerve B
angle) above olive nucleus, Superior secretomotor innervation to
salivary nucleus the salivary glands (except parotid) and
the lacrimal gland; Located and runs
through internal acoustic canal to facial
canal and exits atstylomastoid foramen
 Vestibular Senses sound, rotation and gravity
Vestibulocochlear
VIII S Lateral to CN VII nuclei,Cochlear (essential for balance & movement);
nerve
nuclei Located ininternal acoustic canal

Receives taste from the posterior 1/3 of

the tongue, provides secretomotor
innervation to the parotid gland, and
Nucleus provides motor innervation to
ambiguus,Inferior the stylopharyngeus (essential for
Glossopharyngeal
IX B Medulla salivary tactile, pain, and thermal sensation).
nerve
nucleus,Solitary Some sensation is also relayed to the
nucleus brain from the palatine tonsils.
Sensation is relayed to opposite
thalamus and some hypothalamic
nuclei. Located in jugular foramen

Supplies branchiomotor innervation to

most laryngeal and pharyngeal
muscles;
provides parasympathetic fibers to
Nucleus nearly all thoracic and abdominal
ambiguus,Dorsal viscera down to the splenic flexure;
Posterolateral sulcus
X Vagus nerve B motor vagal and receives the special sense of taste
of Medulla
nucleus, Solitary from the epiglottis. A major function:
nucleus controls muscles for voice and
resonance and the soft palate.
Symptoms of
damage: dysphagia (swallowing
problems). Located in jugular foramen

Controls muscles of the neck and

Accessory overlaps with functions of the vagus.
nerve(or cranial Nucleus Examples of symptoms of damage:
Cranial and Spinal
XI accessory M ambiguus,Spinal inability to shrug, weak head
Roots
nerveor spinal accessory nucleus movement, velopharyngeal
accessory nerve) insufficiency; Located in jugular
foramen

Provides motor innervation to the

XII Hypoglossal nerve M Medulla
muscles of the tongue and other glossal
muscles. Important for swallowing
Hypoglossal nucleus
(bolus formation) and speech
articulation. Located inhypoglossal
canal