.  .

 

—-

  


\


. J
  "  "
      , 
       , 
     .
 ,    ,   
  ,      
.      ­
 ,    ­
 ,      ­
 .
     
     ­
,    
  .     
   
   ,   ­
     .

 
1.  ..,   .
 -  
  
2.  ..,  -.
  
3.  ..,  .  
     -

4.  ..,   
  
5.  ..,  .., .
    —  
6.  ..,  -. 
    
7.  . A., Forex;    

I .  .  


  


 • - • 

2007
 3 2 . 9 7 3 . 2 6 - 0 1 8 . 2 . 7 5
98
 6 8 1 . 3 . 0 7

  ""

.  .. 

       ""  :

info@williamspublishing.com, http://www.williamspnblishing.com
115419 , , / 783; 03150, , / 152

 . , .., , ..

98     . —  . : 0 0 0 "  .  . ",
2 0 0 7 . — 3 0 4 . :.
ISBN 5 - 8 4 5 9 - 1 1 5 5 - 9 (.)

          ­

 .  ,        ­
   ,     —  
    .      
:        ,   
,   , .. ,   
       .    
     ,   ­
     .
   ,     ­
        ,
      ,   
   .
 32.973.26-018.2.75

        ­

 .
             
           ,    
      ,      
   "".
Copyright © 2007 by WilliarasPublishing House.
All rights reserved including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form.

ISBN 5-8459-1155-9 (.) ©   "", 2007


 15
 1.       21
 2.       27
 3.  ,     39
 4.         43
 5.     49
 6.        77
 7.   87
 8.   99
 9.     115
 10.     (-) 137
 11.  ,    
   143
 12.        155
 13.     167
 14.   175
 15.    193
 16.:   203
 17.   219
 245
 .    247
 .    
  255
 .     263
 .     273
 . SEO- 283
  297

 15
  16
   "" 20

 1.      21

1.1. -      22
1.2.    24
1.3.    25
1.4.  25
1.5.   26

 2.      27

2.1.      28
""  29
  29
2.2.  ,  "" 30
  30
   "" 31
   31
    31
     31
2.3.   32
 ,     33
   33
 -  34
2.4.   35
2.5.   35
2.6.  36
2.7.   37

 3.  ,    39

3.1.  Type-in 40
3.2.   40
 3.3.   41
3.4.  42
3.5.   42

 4.      

 43
4 . 1 .   44
4.2.   45
4.3.      45
4.4.  47
4.5.   47

 5.     49

5.1.      50
 50
 51
 ,   51
5.2.     52
     52
  52
 ,   53
 53
5.3.      54
5.4.    56
     56
    59
     61
      63
    64
5.5.    65
   65
  66
     66
   69
 71
    (PageRank) 71
5.6.     73
       74

 7
     74
  75
5.7.  76
5.8.   76

 6.        77

6.1. ,     77
  78
   79
  81
6.2.    83
  83
   85
6.3.  85
6.4.   86

 7.   87

7.1.  ,      88
7.2.    90
 90
    91
7.3.     92
  —    
  92
  —  
    93
  —   94
  —    
"" 95
7.4.      96
7.5.  97
7.6.   98
 8.   99
8.1.       99
8.2.      101
8.3.     101
8.4.     104
  105

8 
      106
      107
    109
  110
8.5.     110
8.6.    112
8.7.     113
8.8.  113
8.9.   114

 9.      115

9 . 1 . -:    115
9.2.       117
    117
   118
 :   118
     119
     119
      120
    121
9.3.      121
  121
  123
  123
9.4.  :     ? 124
9.5. : ,    127
   127
    130
  131
9.6.      132
9.7.  135
9.8.   135

 10.     

(-) 137
10.1.      137
10.2.     138
    138

 9
 - 139
10.3.  -    141
10.4.  142
10.5.   142

 11.  ,   

     143
11.1.   " -" 144
11.2.    146
"" —    147
    147
      148
     - 148
     149
     150
        150
  150
     ( ) 151
11.3.   : " " 152
11.4.  153
11.5.   153

 12.       155

12.1.       156
12.2.       157
      158
    159
   159
   
    160
12.3. :      161
12.4.   163
   163
     164
12.5.  165
12.6.   165

10 
 13.      167
13.1.   168
  169
      171
13.2.   171
13.3. -    172
13.4.  173
13.5.   173

 14.    175

14.1.        176
- 176
 —    176
 —   176
- 177
 —   177
 —   177
 —  177
14.2.       178
       179
      
   181
14.3.      188
    188
    189
     190
14.4.  191
14.5.   192

 15.    193

15.1.      
   194
    194
    195
     196
  ,    196
 <title> 197

 11
 15.2.    
(Flash, PDF, DOC  XML) 198
15.3.  200
15.4.   201

 16. :   203

16.1.   —  - 205
16.2. ""    206
16.3.     207
16.4.  ,   208
16.5.  ,   208
16.6.   <noframes>,  - 210
16.7.    ,   211
16.8.  211
  User-agent 212
  IP- 213
  213
16.9.     214
16.10.   215
16.11.  216
16.12.   218

 17.   219

17.1.    ()  219
17.2.     220
17.3.       221
17.4.    222
   222
 223
  223
- 223
   224
     225
 225
-     226
17.5.    227
  —   227

12
   —    228
  —   229
  — ,    229
  —      230
 —     
       233
17.6.     239
 ,     
  240
 ,    241
17.7.  242
17.8.   243

 245

 .    247

 . 1.    247
 . 2 .   248
..   248
 . 4 .      249
A. 5.     250
 . 6 .   252
 . 7 .  254
 . 8 .   254

 .     

 255
  262

 .     263

B. 1.      264
     264
    265
RSS- 266
8.2.       267
8 . 3 .    270
8 . 4 .   271

 13
 .     273
. 1.     274
    274
  275
   276
.2.  ,     
  276
    276
    277
  () 277
..     278
.4.      279
.5. ,    
  280
.6.     
  281
.7.   282

 . SEO- 283

. 1.   SEO- 284
.2.    SEO- 286
..  SEO- 287
 288
   289
  292
.4.  294
 . 5 .   295

  297

14 


      ,    

  .     .  
  "".        ­
 ,     ,   ,  
 .   .    ­
     .
      .  ­
       
        ­
 . , ,    ,  
 .    . 
  ,  ,  , 
         ­
    .
,        
   ,  ,   
     ,   ­
   "" .     
        .   
      . 
        .  ­
  ,       , 
     .
 ,   ,    .
       -. 
,     ,   
,    , .. ,  ­
   ,       . 
    ,    ­
,        : ­
-, ,   . , 
     .
 ,       ­
    .
       ­
    .      
    ,    ­
    .
   .      ,   
,     . ,  ­
   .

 
 
     "  ­
".         ­
 ,   1983   . 
     .     ­
     Microsoft Office,  ,  ­
,    (   ),  ­
-    .  1999-2001 . 
     ( —   ,
 —  ).      ­
    .
  "  "   ­
  . 2002 .    ­
 "      ".
      ­
:     SEOrate.ru,   -
   (    ­
 ""   ""),   "",
   Flexum.ru.
 
   -  "   ­
  ",    " .
 ".   
  1990-.        ­
    ,     
      .  
   .   
 —    "" (www . n e i r o n . r u ) .

16 
  
    2001 .      ­
      .  
2004    "" (www. benefis . ru).
 
  - -
 "100".  2001     .  ­
: PR, -, .
 
  -  "  ".  ­
       -
    "   ".
    " 
    " (www.optimization.ru)  " ­
    " (www.etarget.ru).    ­
    -.     ­
   -,  
     Eline (   ­
   ).
 
  -  "  ­
".    .   1999 ,   ­
   .  2004    ­
   .       SEO--
.      -    ­
,     ,   ,
 .       ""
(blog.seotext.ru).
 
    "".  -­
   (  
 ). 1999    -  ­
 -  .  2000    Raskrutka.net, 
 ,    .
 2002      "",  ­
     ,    ­
 ""         .

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  
 -  Antanta.net, . ­
    .  ­
   2001 .      
     50    ,  
  ,    , -­
,  , -    .
   ,     .  
        , ­
 -,     ­
  -   .,  
  -   ,   ­
         
   .
 
   "" (WebProjects.ru).  2000 
    .  2002  
  -, ,  
  .      80  
 .       ­
   .      ­
 ,         .
       .
 
 , .    ­
   ,   .
 2005       "  
        ". 
— seo-  - (secommerce.
ru),     ( l i n k s a l e . ru),   ­
    -, ,  , ­
 .
       
(2002-2006 .).
 
       -, ­
  ,  ,   .  ­
 "  "      -,
   .

18 
       "Russian
Internet Survey"  - " Apache",    ­
     .    ­
     " " ( h t t p : / /
www. r u k v . r u ,       . r u ) .
 1999-2001 .  —   "Rambler's ToplOO"
 -.  2001-2005 . —    -
.
  —     ,
       . 
   —    " ­
",   Flexum.ru.
 
     -. 
   2001 .       ­
  -: -    ­
,  , -.   — ­
 , ,   -.

 19
   " '
,   ,     .     ­
   ,    ,    
         .  
    .
       .    
        -  ­
   .  ,     
  ,     ,     
 ,        .
   ,        ­
,     .      ­
            .
  :
E-mail: info@williamspubl i shing.com
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  :
 : 1.15419, , / 783
 : 03150, , / 152
  1
  
  

 -     

   
   
 
  

      ,   

 .   ,    
   —  ,    
   .

         .

   ,   ,   ­
,   ,  ,   
 ,       ..,  .. — 
  .  ,    ­
   .
      ­
 :
•  ;
•   — , ,, ;
•  .
       ,    
,     .
        .
,       ,  ,  -
     "" ,   , 
      .     
,    .
    .   
       -  
   .     ­
.     ,    ­
 Google,    .
           
,    ,   —   ­
.

1.1. -    


    -.    ­
     -  , , ­
     ,   "" .
  ""  "" ,  
 - ,     .  ­
 ,  ,  .  ­
    .
  -       
.      ­
 (  ),   - "" . , 
       , 
   .
•     ,  .   
        
        .
•     .     , ­
, "   ..." .. ,  
 ,      .    ­
        , 
     .
•       .  
  ""   ,    -

22  1
 .        .
  "",     
 , , , -  , .
      .
       -­
. ,  .      ­
     —  .
 -      — ­
   .  — , ­
    ,  ,  .    "­
 ",    .
,    ,      .
       " ", 
       .     ­
,          , 
    "    ".   ­
     ,   ,     ­
.
         
.      ,  
 .  ,     
,       .  
,        ­
 ,        .
 , ,     
,    .   , 
         
 .     " " 
.
 ,   -  ­
       -.
   — .     
  2 "     ".
 .
•       
.
•      -.
•  -  .
•        ­
  - .

      23

      ,  ­
   -?   :
•     ,    ­
   ;
•      ,   ­
    .

    ,     

 ,    .  ­
  -.    
  ,   ,   .

  , " —    ,   ­
 ...       -,   
.      — ,  
           ­
 ..."

    ,     ­

 ,   . 
  ,    .    
     "",   ,   — 
 -,     ­
.

1.2.  

   .      
(URL),    ,     ""
   .

  , "URL ( . Universal Resource Locator,  , ­
 "") —     . URL     (. ),
       . : w w w . r o s s i a . r u / m o s k v a /
«i: o a t / d o n i k n i g i. . htm.  K w w . r o s s i a . r u —   , / m o s k v a /
a r l . a t / —   d c j m k n i g i . h t m —  . , ,  -­
,   . htm  . h t m l (. HTML). ,   " ", ­
    ,       ".
V 

          

 .   ,      ­
  —    .  
,   ,     .

24  1
  -     ,  ­
     .    . 
          —
w w w . y a n d e x . r u , w w w . r a m b l e r . r u , w w w . g o o g l e . r u , —     
   ,       .
  ,     ,   ­
     ,    
     .
, - — ,   — ,
 —  ,     ... ­
 .     ?..

1.3.  
       , ­
        ­
.  ,   ,      ­
 ,       .
         ­
    .     
    . ­
 .        ­
   .
 ,  ,    
    .   
,     ...     .
  ,      ,   ­
   .      
 .
 ,   ,    . 
 ,   ,     ,   ­
       .

1.4.
   ,     
    .    ­
  -,    ,    -
 .       
   .

      25

       — ­
   .    ­
     .
      ,     
  .

1.5.  

1.          
 ,     h t t p : / / w w v j . r m h . r u / n e w s /
r e s r e s u l t s / 2 3 0 . h t m l     "
:  2005 ",     ROMIR
Monitoring.
2.      (, , Mail.ru) 
 "  "   " —   "
    ,      .
       — h t t p : //www . c - i b . r u /
content.php?txt=7.
3.   ,     , 
,     ,    -,   ,
  : h t t p : / / w w w . y a n d e x . r u / —   
 .
4. .—    ,    
  .     h t t p : / /  . yandex. r u / .
5.  h t t p : / / w w w . g o o g l e . r u /      
Google.
6.       — h t t p : //www.
rambler.ru/.

26  1
  2
  
  

     

  ,  ""
  
 
 
 
 

   ,    

  ,    "" ,  
     —   , 
 .

           

- —    ?    —
 .

   ?

    .  ,    

      " " —   
    "", —    -,  ,
      ( ).
- ,        
 — -, -, -,  
   .
  , ,      .  
          ­
,    ,     .
 ,   —  "" -,  
  .

    ,  , ,  ­

          .
        ? 
:
•       ;
•     ;
•    ;
•  .
   .

2.1.     

      —   ­
       ­
 .          ­
   ,     .   
      .
  ,     
   .     ,
   -  ,    ­
       .  ­
  ,    , ­
  .
      ­
      .       
   ,       .
    -   , 
 ,       ,   ,  
,      .
,       ,  ­
    ,   (
""       2 - 5 ,
     ).    
  ,      ,  
.,   ,      
    .

28  2
  
,         "" ,
   . ,     
     ,   
  (),  , , ,  , ­
,    ..
 , ""       ­
    , ,   
   —,  ,  ­
    .
         ­
 ,       ,   ­
  "" .

 
       ,     ­
       .
1.    .      —  ­
         
,      .   
  , ,  , ­
 .
         ,  ­
         ­
   .     , 
   ,  , ,   (­
, , ,  ) ,    .
2.   .   —    ­
,      ,     .
       ,  
   .     ­
    .
    " ",   ­
       ­
 —   ,   ,  ­
,     ,    .

 ,    ,    

 ,     - emisy,   
   /.  " "    
   .

      29

 3.   .      —   ­
 ,  ,    , ..  
     (   -),
        .  ­
    -   —
,  , -  , , ,
  .        
     ,    ­
 .       -
,     ,    .
     —   . 
     ,  , 
     ,  
     .  ,   , 
,     ,     
  "" .
        ­
,     —  ,   
  .

2.2.   ,  ""

  ""     , ­
     .     
           .

 
    ("") —    ­
.   ""   ,  ( "")
          
 (,  ),    .
, ..   ,  , ,  ­
     .   ­
 —      , 
  .   ,     
      - , 
  (  ), —  , ­
  ,  ,   ,  SMS,
,  ,     ..

30  2
   ""
,   ,     
,       ­
 .      -
.  ,      
 (-   ),     ­
 —   ,  ,    ­
.     .

  

       ­
        , 
,  ,      .  
       ,
     ,      ­
 ,   "".

   

      
    , .. , 
   . , 
,   ,    
       , ­
   - (  ).
,      ,  
       .

    

        ­
   ,  .      
, " —       ".
       ,  .
,    Sony,    -   ­
 Sony,    Sony      
,     .
   ,     
    —    
    . ,   , 
   - ,     
,      - ""  "".  ­
 ,      .

      31

         
:
•   ;
•     .
 ,  ,    , ­
   .
    ,  ,    
   ,    ,
      "". , ,
   ,     ,  ,
    ,       
        .
          ­
,     .  , ,  ­
       .  "" ­
        , 
   ,       
      .      
   .
,    ,    . ­
        
 ,    .      ­
   ,   ,   ­
  .

2.3.  

        ,   
        .
   ,       
  ,     —    ­
  .   .
    , ,  ,  ­
       ""   .
     ,  "",   ­
     ,   .    
  ,      .
,      ,  
 ,        ­
  .     ,    
      .   —

32  2
  .   -    ­
   ,     , ,  .
, ,     ,
            ­
 .
 *
   
    — 
 ,
  Google,      .
1
 ,     
,     ,   ­
      :
•    ;
•       
.
  — ,   . , ­
,          .
,  ,       ­
.,        
,      .   ­
         ,   ­
    .
    (   
    )  ,   
      , ,
, ,   ..
    ?

  

 ,      , — ­
 .      .
•    (),  
         (),
      ( ). 
       
  ,    .
      ­
 —, .. -   , ­
   .

      33

 •   ,    ,
  . , ICQ, ­
 ,   —     ­
  .  ,    
    ,    .  -
      —  .
• .         
,     .   , ..   ,
   ,     .
    ,     ­
 500,       ... ­
    ,   .  ­
   —      
    ,   ­
 ,       
  ,         .
     .  
    ,    
 ,     ..   ­
      
, "".     ­
        
 ,       ­
  , , ,   .. 
     .
       
     ,     
     .
      ­
  .

 - 

      ,   
    .  — - (­
-) .  - 
   ,    ­
,       ­
     ,      ­
     .
-  —     .
         ,

34  2
          
   .        ­
 .

2.4.  

  —  ,   .
 ,  -    ,
     .     ­
    " "   — ,
, ,   ..
       
 .      , ­
 ,    —  -   ­
      .   ­
   ,     .
        ­
          
    .      ­
,      .
     .    ,  ­
      ,   — 
 ,    ,   ­
   ,    -, 
    .
    —   
    .
 ,       
     .       
 .       
   ,       
 .      ­
,  ,    
        .
           ­
 ,       .

2.5. 
      .  , 
  ,   ,    ­
  ,   ,   .

      35

       "" .
• "     ".     
   -  ,    ­
   .      ­
 (    "-"),    
  ,      
 (, )   .
•  .      .  
  ,        
,          
      . 
  ,      
  ,    , ""
  ,     .
•    .,   ­
        ­
.       
,      ­
        
    .
•  .     
  .  ,    ­
 ,  , " " —  ­
,    ,   ­
, ,   ..  , ,
      —        
    .

2.6. 
,  ,        ,
   .       ­
    .  ,  ­
        .
        
.        ,
       .
,    ,        
  .     ,  
 .  ,   , ­
    .

36  2
2.7.  
1.          
""   h t t p : / / w w w . p i t e r . c o m / ,    
.
2.  "."   -   tit t p : //www. j r s u . r u / ,
     .
3.        -
"",      h t t p : //www . b o l e r o . r u / .
4.  - StreetRaces.ru,    
,         h t t p : / /
www.streetraces.ru/.
5.   h t t p : / / w w w . r b c . r u / a d v e r t /     
   ,    ,   
   -.
6.     —   "
.   ",     
 h t t p : / / l i s t . o p t i m i z a t i o n . r u / s u b s c r i be.
7.     , ,    — 
        h t t p : //www . r u b r i c o n . com/.
8.         
   GrebennikOn.ru ( h t t p : / / g r e b e n n i k o n . r u / ) , 
    ,    
 .
9.    "  —  
" ( h t t p : / / w w w . a c l l a b s . r u / a r t i c l e / a f f i l a t e / )    
,      


     37

  3
 ,
   

  Type-in
  
  
 
  

,     ,   

      .  
  ,       
.

       ,      —
,  ,  , , , ­
  , ..  ,     . 
 ,       .
       — ­
.   —  ,       
 — .  ,    ,    ,
 .      ,   
,  .     
 , ,       .
  ,  , —   ­
  - (     
    ). ,    
     ,  :
 •  URL       ;
•   .
          :
• type-in;
•   —    ;
•  .
        , ..  
 ,    .   
 ,       .   
        .   ­
      "",     
.    type-in.
     .

3.1. Type-in
"Type in"      , 
     :  
 URL-     .     
  ,            
.
   type-in   —    .
    ,   ,    
    , , ,  ­
 .
Type-in-    — ,, 
     .   , ­
  ,    — ­
, , ,, ..  ,   
 .

3.2.  

  —     ­
 ,    .   ,  
      ,      
 .      
,    ,   ,
    ,     .

40  3
  ,        .
        ­
 .        ­
    .

fr
 — 
         
 .       8 " 
\ "
J
         —   ­
, , .     (­
 )   ,   
  .

3.3. 
  ""     .
     ,   
  ,       . 
  ,         ­
 .
         .
 -,       ­
 ,        .
  ,    
   .
• Type-in  —  .
•   —  .
•   —      .
      . 
  ,      , 
   .
    .         
 , , -     .
     ,    
   .  .     
    :     
 , , .     —     ­
,     .

 ,     41

3.4.
     ,     
 ,  ,        ­
    .  , , 
      .   
  ,      ­
 (  -) /     ­
  .
      ,   ­
         ­
 —     .

3.5.  

1.  MAIL.RU—       -,
      .    
hf tp://list.mail.ru/.
2.      ( h t t p : / / y a c a . y a n d e x . r u / ) ,
    77  .
3.  Rambler's ToplOO        
   ,   h t t p : / / t o p l O O . r a m b l e r . r u /
toplOO/.
4.  ,      ,  
.   "-    ",
        hi" up : //www . o p t i m i z a t i o n , r u /
s u b s c r i b e / c c r o e n s / ' i n t e r r i e t - s t a f  . doc,     ­
,    .
5.        -: SpyLog
(lit t p : / /www . spy.log . r u / )  Li vei nternet.ru ( h t t p : //www. 1 i v e i r: i e r n e t . r u /
i a t i n " j / r u / ) .           


42  3
  4
  
 
  

  
  
    
 
  

    ,    

    
      . 
  ,   " ",  
      
 —     .

   ,    

    .
• -     Sharp  .  ­
   , , Rambler (www. rambler, ru),  ­
     sharp  .
•  -   LG   : 
lg 804   .
    ,      ­
    h t t p : / / a d . r a m b l e r . r u / s w r d s / .   
        2006 .
  .
•       ,   
  .     :  
 .
•      :    miell
45sr  .
•  ,    ,  ,
  :    , 
   .
•     — ,      
    :  
     -.
   ,  ,   ,  ­
    ?  — , ­
     .
            ­
.   ,      ?

4,1.  

        ­
.   ,      ­
,      .   
 .
 ,   95% ,  ­
 ,       , ­
  ,    , 
 -     .
  —    . :  ­
     - ,   
  .
      ,    .
        ­
,     .  — ,  
   ,       ­
     , —   ­
.    -    ,  
  —      .

44  4
  ,    :
•   ,     , .. ­
,  ,   ..;
•   , ,     
   ;
•    ,        ­
    .
       — 
        . 
,       , ,
 .
    ,     ,
..  -       ?
     :    
    .

4.2.  

     —      
 . ,         
       ,  
  ? ,      
.
        ­
         ­
.          
  .
   ,,  , ­
            ­
.          .
   —     ­
   .          .
  ,          ­
 .

4.3.     

        ­
.     ""  "" ­
  (organic listing),     . 
 ,      

        45

 ,  .    ­
  ,         
  .
        ,  ­
.        , ­
  , ,       
.    :  
      ,  
    .     (
)    .
     ­
 .
   ,   
      ,    
  .   ,   ­
      .   ­
       , 
        
  .       
 .
    ,     ­
  , .   , ­
   ,        
,  ,        ,
,      . 
    ,    ,      
    .   ­
 ,  .
          
       
   ,   .
   , .
•     ,     ­
  ;
•    ;
•       ;
•        
.

46  4
4.4.
           ­
, ,          
.        ­
   .        
  —     .
         ­
   ,    . 
   .

4.5.  

1.       "   " ­
           ­
   .   ,  
 h t t p : / / w w w . w w w o r l d . r u / m o d u l e s . php?name=News&file=print&sid=419.
2.      "  ",
   h t t p : / / w w w . d i g i t s . r u / a r t i c l e s / p r o m o t i o n / s t r a t e g y .
h t m l , ,   ,    2002 ,   ­
  .
3.   "    ", ­
   ,   ,     ­
       . 
   h t t p : / / w w w . s e a r c h e n g i n e s . r u / a r t i c l e s / 0 0 5 1 3 2 . h t m l .
4.      " .  ­
"      ,     
 -   .     
   h t t p : //www. o p t i m i z a t i o n . r u / s u b s c r i b e / l i s t . h t m l .
5.          ­
  —   ,     
 h t t p : //www. s e a r c h e n g i n e s . r u / .     
,    .
6.      ,     ­
     , SEO, SEM   ­
,      h t t p : / / b l o g . s e o t e x t . r u / s e o b l o g s / .
7.       ,       
,      , 
     h t t p : / / b l o g . s e o t e x t . r u / s e o f o r u m s / .
8.           
          Livelnternet, 
  h t t p : / / w w w . l i v e i n t e r n e t . r u / s t a t / r u / s e a r c h e s . h t m l ? s l i c e = r u .

        47

  5
 
 

     

    
    
   
   
    
 
  

      

,    .   
     
(   ,  ).   
,      ,  
 .

     —  ­

,  .    ,   
,    .     ­
 Google (  ).   ,  ,  ­
  (),    —.  
 (     )  
  "" Google, ,    , .
         ?
   .      "
   - ,     , 
    . ""   — ­
.
   ,     .  
    ""   ., ­
, -       (
          
),       ,  
  -     .  
    .
       
,   ""   .
    ?

5.1.     

 ,     , 
         .
             .
         ,
      .
 — ,    .


,       — ­
 .     ,  
 ,       ,   
  .
      .
   ( )   ,   ­
 ,    , 
 ,  ,   ,    
   .
       
(  1990-),      ­
 —      .    ­
   1 "     ".

50  5

     —      
 ,  "   .  . 234".  
 ,       234  ­
     .
         
    ,     ­
 .     
("" — ,      ,   ).
 — , ""  ,     
 ,    .
          —
       ­
     . ,  ­
     -.

 ,  

,         — 
      ,   ­
 ,  .      ,  
    .      ­
 :

 , 90
  , 255; 294
, 14; 29; 188
, 29; 188
 , 347

        ( 

  ,     .  ­
       ,   ,
     ,    .
           
  ,    -. , ­
       .
,        ­
,      ,  , — 
      ,    .
        ?

    51

5.2.    
  — ,     ­
  ,        .
     .
           .

    

    ,   ,  ­
  .  ,     
   ,     .
        ,
    - .  
    -     
( , ,  - ).    (
  -    )  
            
        .
 ,      
            
.      -.

[       ,   ,  
  ,        
!  ,         
  (- ,    ),      
  ■— -    .,  
   -,      .
 ,       , " "   
 ,     .
,          
,     -,    
 .
^- 
 
         , 
   .
    , ..    
 .      ,
  "" (- crawler),   
.         ,
     ,   ­
        .

52  5
 ,  
  ,      
           ,
          .
      ,  
(  ,   -  ,    ), ­
     ,  "" (, ­
  HTML ),          . 
     ,     .
   ,    .


      
,     .    —   
,  .       ­
 (  ),    — ,! —  ­
     .
 ?    -   
 ,     ,  
  ,    ,    ­
,     , ..  .
       ( ­
 ),   ,  ,    
   .   ,   ­
,  ,   .
      ,    
           ,
  , ..      
 .  ,    ,   
    .
,        ,  ­
 ,       ­
   (      ).
  ,   ""   
    . ""   
 (..   , ).
 ,      
,    ,     .

HTML (HyperText Markup Language —    ) — 

      -
, , ,   ..

    53

5.3.     
 — ,        ­
.,        
 ,   . ,    ,  ­
    ,  ,   ,     
            
 .
       
  .        ­
    -.
   
         ­
  — ,  ()  HTML   "­
".     ,     ­
 .
 
     ,      
    ,    — ­
  (   ), , - ­
,     ..,  ,     ­
 (,    .).    ­
.    ,       
,      ( , ,  ).
,     ,   ,   
  .
 
           ,  
    .
       -  
 -     ,  ,
     ,   ( ­
 , ).     
.        ,  ,
  .
        ­
     ,   ,   , 
  .    , 
          .

54  5
 
           — ­
 ,      ,   
 ,      ( )    
      ( ).   
       .
 ,     :
 /  +   /   +
  /   +   / . . . .
,         ­
       . ,
      (     ­
 ),    ;     
,         ,  .. 
 ,   ,     
   ..
      ,   .

"" 

 - ( 1990- )    

 .      ,    
.        ,    
,  ,      .
         
 .       
,    ,   ,   ,   
 , ,      ,   —   .
       . , ­
,      1999 .
     (       
 )        
   ,    . 
 .
           
 ""  ,      ­
   .

 ,    ,  "­

"    .       ­
  ,          . 
      ,
, .

    55

        ?   
      .  ­
     "" ?
,    ,     
     ,   .   
 ,  ,     .

 

        () 

,        . , ­
,  ,  ,  HTML-,    "",  
 .            
,    "".
        —  
        . 
  ,    .   ­
  -,    - ,   ,
     .
, Google         (  , 
    ""),   —   .
         
    ,    "  ",
,         
    .

5.4.   

    

   ,       
,   .
  
,    ( , -) —  
?   —  ,      ""?  ­
    —   ?   
   (   , )? 
   , -  ,   ,  ?
        -
. ,         ­
     Google —       
   " "    .  ­
   ,  .

56  5
 
    ,   , Google 
 , ,    .   ­
       ,     
     .  
      () , 
 ,        .

,      ,  ­
  — ,  ,      
   HTML. ,     Google 
   (.),      ,    
  " ". ,     , 
    ,       .
-
   " ",     ?
     , ­
 ,  "",       ,
 .       
  , ..      ­
    ,    .
        
         ,
 ,   -,  , , ­
,   ..    .
  ,  -  ­
  ,    (    ,
  ).     
     —    .
         
,    - — , , . 
   ,  -  (..   ).
      , , 
 "". ,  ,   ,     ­
 ,   ""     .
 
  -       ­
  —  .    
     ,    ­
      .    

    57

    ,    ­
   —     
 HTML.
  —  ,  .    ?
, .  ,    ­
 .
1.   .     
  -  .
2.    .   
         ,  
 .
3.    .    ­
        ,
        .
  :    , , ,  ­
  ,  ,     .
 ,      
  ,     (-
 — PageRank).     
   .
4.   .      
   .    ­
    ,    , ..  , 
  -     .
     ,   
      , 
  .       ­
 (       
"  "),      -­
    .     
    11 " ,   ­
     "  13 "
   ".

 
      ,  -
 ,     ,  ­
, ..   .    , ,
       —  ­
 ,   ,    " ­
"  .

58  5
         ­
 Flash (  ,   -    
Flash      ).  ,   ­
  (    ,  ), ­
    .

   

  ,      
  -    ­
 .  —   .
 
        ( 
  ;  .  — ). 
      ,   ­
. , ,      (­
, ,   .),   .
        ,   
   - ,      
 (,  — ,  — , fight — fought).   
  (  )     
         (,  — ;
go — went).
   ,     — .
         .
      ,   ­
   .
   , ,—  ,    ­
    . ,     
  (     
).    ,  ,
,   .  —   ,   ­
         .
 ,         
    ,    , 
   . , ,   .
 ,      .   , ­
   ,    —     ! 
,      , ­
       ,  
    .
  ?

    59

     
       ­
    ,    — 
 .     ,   
          ,
     .
    -     ­
  (,     ),
 —    ( ),      
   .     ,
..      . (   
      .)
          
 ,       ,    ­
           .
    

    — ,   —  

       .  
2006         Google . ­
     , . , ­
 ,  ,     
    ,    ­
     ,      , ­
 ,        
      .

    

         ,  
  .           ,
  -   .     
 ?

     ,       — , -

 ,   :     
" ",  ,    ,       

,     , Google  

   jmane ,      .
 Google      , " ",  
     :  
      /  . ,  
 ,   ,     
       ..

60  5
 .       —   " ". 
 ,      :  ,     ­
      ,       
   ,    ­
  .
  -      ­
 —         .,   
    "",   ,     ,
  "".    .  ,  ­
,    Google.      ,  
       .

    


  ,     ­
,      ,   ,    ­
  ,   .    —  
  , ..  ,   ,  ­
       . r u .      
  . com, . i n f o  ,        
.           
 ,       ,    .
Google,   ,    , ­
,        .
   
     -,
..    HTML,      -
  HTTP .  ,     ­
     , , ,  
..   "".    2-3 
         MS
Word, PDF  MS Excel.      ­
 Flash     ,    ­
.
          ­
   ,   ,  
  .   ,   
       HTML.

 HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) --    

.

    61

 ,        -,
      Excel    ,
   ,  ,        ­
  ,      
Excel-   ,  HTML-.
,     ,   
      ­
    JavaScript.      , 
    ,    .
   
    ""  ,   - ­
?
   ,      ­
       (   ).   
          
,      ,       
   .    ­
    -     .. 
    ,     ­
      .
 ,        
 , ,    ,    ­
      .  6 "   ­
   "  12 "    
  "     .
  
           
-   (, MySQL  Microsoft SQL Server). 
     ,    
 ,    .
     ,     ­
?
  :         
    ,      ,  
   .       ­
      —   . 
        -
    ,      " ".
   .,     ­
   ,  100    
. ,      "-

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",   HTML-,  .   
,  ,    ,    
         .
         .   
      ,   ­
  (,   )     
  ,      ,  
 ,     .   ,
 ,  ,     (   ),   
      .
            
      (    — ­
 100        ),   ­
            ,
     .      ­
  ,     .
  —  ,      
            !
    ,      
       . 
,    ,      ­
      . ,     ­
    —   ,  
    .
 ,     ,  ­
     ,     . 
           
 —   .     ,  ­
   " ",     ­
        .

     

      :    ­
          ­
?
,        ­
   ,    .   
  .       ­
  .
            
     . , 
   (, ,  ),   -

    63

    —  ,   ­
 " ",       
   .
         — ­
 .    ""  ­
.       (   )
     ,   ,   
    " ".

   

 ,        ­
  .   ,   ­
   .      ­
       , 
 ,  , ,     
 ,    .     ­
    —      ­
  .
        
 .  ,  ,    
   —    ,  
    ..
         ­
      - 
    ,   .
           —  
     ,   
   .
  ,,       ­
  ,     1-2%  
   . ,     
  ,        
 .
 ,      ,  ­
           ­
  ,      , .. ­
      .  ,  
,    ,    
     ,   , ­
        
.

64  5
  ,    ,     
.      ,   
.

5.5.   

        
. " ,    !", " 
" —   .    ­
?       .

  

      —    
.  ,  ,   X ­
 ,    Y, —     ­
.    ?
   ,  —    .
     ,  ­
  ,   , ..    .
     .  ,  
,           
    ,     ­
 .     .    
.
   ,  .  -  ­
,     ,   ­
. ?,        , 
    .
     .     ­
  ,   .  , ,
Google    ,  ,  ­
   .        .
-,   — -  , ..  ­
. ,         
. , -     
  . -,  ,       
     ,   .
       ? -,    
 "" —     .    
      — .  , . ,   
?     — -,  ,  

    65

  ?   ,     ­
   ?
,    :    ­
   .      
  ,      
.

 
  —       ­
  ,       .
 —       .
,      ,   
        ­
     — " ".
,   ,    ­
,         ,  ­
            "
",        -,    
. ,  ,  ,   
  ,     !
    ,       
     ,    ,  ,
        . 
        " ",
   -    "" .
         ,
  ,  ,      
  .

   

     ,     
   .  ,   
  ,     .    ­
        ,    , 
     .
      .

     —  . -

  ,      
  —     " ", 
 ,      -?  
     .

66  5
 
      .  
,        —   
,   ,       ..
 ,      
, ,  ,      
.           ­
    .
,        , ­
 ,    , , ,      .
,      ,   
.  ,      ­
       ,    ­
,   .   ,  ­
         
     .
     .
 
  ,    - , ­
  ,    ,   .
    , :
•     (     ­
 );
•        
   (   -  ­
    );
•          ­
       
 (        
,   ,   );
•         
  (    ).

,  ,   ,  ­

   ,      
-   ,    ­
 .

    67

 
   ,     -
, ,   ,     ­
   ,   ,  , ,
  .
 -   - ,      ­
           
  .  ,  ,  
       ,    —  ­
,     — .
   ,   , ­
  -    —  (.. ,
, ,   ). :  
 ,       
, "" .
,        
,           
 .
 
  ,   " ",   ,
  ,       ­
 .,      ,
, , ?     ,  
,   ,    .
    "" ,   
 .
  , , ..  ,   ,
, , ,  ,   
  .       
        .  
,         
   .     —  
.
         ­
 ,    ,     .
  ,       ,
,          ­
    . ,      
?     — , , , ? , 
    ?       
    ?

68  5
     ,      ­
        
, ,  .
    
  ,       
 ? ,     ,   ­
  . ,        
 ,        
 —       . ,  
    (    ,  
    )      ­
   .
 , ,   ,  
    — , , ,
  ..           ­
,    .
,    -    ­
 .        
  , ..  ,      
        ­
.
      , .
, , Google      ­
,   .        
    " ",   ,  ­
  " "?

  
 ,        
         ­
,      ,     .
 , ,    , —   .
       ?  ­
 ,     , — 
 .

  —  ,      -­
,   .        
  . ,     100 
   " ",     65   , "
"      ,     6 5 % .

    69

 ,   ,    , 
  -    -
      !    
 100  ,  65 ...
      —   ­
 ,     ..   (
80%)    -   , ­
   10-20 .    , 
   ( ,    ) 
          ­
  .  ,  ,  .
    -  
.

 ,  

     —  ,        ,
    ""  , ..     
,     .
,   ""     , 
 —   ,    .,  
      —  ,  ,
 .  ,   ,  
,     .
  , ,     .   ­
 ""    ""  
   —         
  .,     Google "", , ­
 ,          ,
   .     .   
 ,         .


 —    .  
       ,    ­
.
, ,    1000     
,           850  
     85% . ,     
.
    ,      
     .    .
    150    1000    ?
,   ,     -

70  5
  (  2 0 - 3 0  ),   ­
     .
 ,       ,
       ,   ­
     , ..  
,  ,  .


       ­
.      " "
 -.
        ,   
     ,    ­
 ,       ­
  (,  )  ..
      11 "
 ,        "
 13 "    ",    ­
 ,        
,      ,  ""
     . ,
  ,     ,   
  -     ­
   ,      
 ...
          ­
,        ­
 ,   —  ,   
        .

    (PageRank)

   ,     ­
 -   .     
 (   )   ,  ,  
        .
-        —    
     ,  
      .   —  ­
      ,  ,   , ­
,   .  ,   , 
 .

    71

    " ",   
   ,   "" 
  .
         1990-
  Google —   ,   ­
.  , ,      
  .
       ­
    Google,       
          Google
 . .      PageRank ( ­
),          
 —  (Larry Page).

   

        ­

  :          ,
.. "  ".     — ,
   .
      .    
  (). ,   -   ,  ­
      :     
 (..    "" ),    ( 
  ).
     .         
 ,   ?        , 
  ,        .
,        "" .
,       ""  ,   ­
   .,       ­
    —   .       ,
    ,    ,    .
 ,       ,     ­
 . ,          
(,   Yahoo),    ""     
   ( ,     ).
,           ­
       ,    ,   
  (   ), .    
 ,   .
     Google    
,    ,   . ,   
      ,      ­
-           .

72  5
        ­
   ,      . ,
       . 
   -    Google  
   ,    ,    ­
     .
       Google  . ,
  ,     (     )
          
     .
      ­
       . , 
      -  ( 
 "", ,  ,   ). 
      ,    .
     — ,   .

  

,         "     ­
"         X,     ­
 . ,          
X,                 
"" .
       ""  ,    
""     (      X).
,       ,   
   "  ".  ,   
   ,       , ,  
        .

     ,   

 ,       ,  
    , ,      .

5.6.    

  ,    ,   ­
 .       .

      

        ,
, .   — Google, Yahoo, MSN,

   73

   —      
 ,       ­
 ,      
    .
       
(  ,       ,
  )   ,    
  , , ,    ""   ­
  .
 Google,      ­
         ( ­
   ),     "", ­
    .
       
, ,  , ,-,   .  
       — ­
      ,    ­
    .
        ,  
       , ­
     — , , , ­
,     ..
,       ,  ­
  —   .    ­
      (    )
     .
 ?       . 
      ,  ­
        :  ­
,  ,   ..  ,  ,  
      ,   .
,  ,        
   — .

   

 ,     ,     
,   .
  ,    ,    ­
        .
, Google -    , .. 
 .     - , 
Google        .  , 

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   ,    
  .      
    ,     , ­
  ,    .
       ­
 .      ?
, ,     ,
..   ,   , Google — . 
 Google       .
     ,   ,   .
     ,  ,    
  — .
, ,     ,
     .  Google   ,   ,
 — ,       ,     ?
 ,      
   —     , 
 ?         : ,
, , ,    . 
     — -     -
 ?
         ,   .

 
 ,    .  ,    
         .  ,
  ,   ,   ,    ­
 ,    ,  ""    
,   ,          
    .
  ""    -    
 ,       — , 
       , .
 ,     
      ,     ­
,   ,   .
       ,    
.

    75

5.7.
   ,    .  ­
,  ,   ,   
 .
           , ­
,         
      .
     ,    
  .

5.8.  

1.           
h t t p : //www. p h i l b . com/ c o u n t r y s e . htm.     ­
    .
2.   "   "  ,  ­
    h t t p : / / c o m p a n y . y a n d e x . r u / a r t i c l e s / a r t i c l e l O . h t m l ,
       .
3.          , "
      ",   ­
   ,    ( h t t p : / / c o m p a n y ,
yandex . r u / a r t i d e s / r o m i p 2 004 . xr;ii).
4. ,         ­
,       h t t p : /7 he Lp . yandex . r u / s e a r c h /'
* ; rj-'-. , 9'-; 9.

5.     "    "

( h t t p : / /www . r a m b l e r . r u / d o c / a r c h . i t e c t u r e . s h t m l ) ,    
   .
6.         
,          h t t p : / 'www.
rambler.ru/doc/help.shtml.

76  5
  6
  
 
 

 ,    

   
 
  

      , 

 ,   ,    
       , 
   .

6.1. ,    

 1 "     "  , ­
 ,     .   
       .  
     .    ,  
,       ,
   ,        .
  ,    ­
          
      .   .
 
     , ""    ­
    ,        
  .
 
       ,     
   www . s i t e . r u / s e r v i c e . h t m l .   ­
   HTML-,   -,  
     ,   ,   ­
 , ..  .     ­
.    ,     ­
  .
 
   ,     
        , 
        .  ­
    — ,    
 (PHP, Perl, ASP, J S P  CFML),  
. ,          
 —          ­
     .    ­
    ( . p h p , . p J , . c q i , . j s p ) , 
     ?, &, ^,  w w w . s i t e . r u / s c r i p t . p h p ?
pacTC-yervice&mode=show.
         ­
 ,    .   
        ­
    ( ,    ). 
      ,   
    .
         ­
   . h t a c c e s s ,     -­
 Apache     .     
  ,       
   ,     
 .  ,       
   ,      
. ,       ­
    : www . s i t e . r u / s e r v i c e / .

78  6
  
      HTML-  , ­
    :  ,   (-)
   (_).
 ,  Google,    ­
      ,   
      . ,   , ­
        .    
       ,   
       . 
       ,  
     ,     
r e a l t y - b r o k e  - s e r v i c e . h t m l ,   r e a l t y b r o k e r s e r v i c e . h t m l .
         -
 ,    :     
  —    (www . s i t e . r u / r e a l t y - b r o k e r -
s e r v i c e . h t m l )   ( w w w . s i t e . r u / r e a l t y - b r o k e r - s e r v i c e / ) .  
   —       HTML-.
     :   ,  Internet
Explorer,      Yahoo,  
  ,     .     
    . h t a c c e s s ,     ­
  —  . ,     .
           ,  
    ,      
    .

  

      -  ­
 ,       ­
  .
 HTTP
         ­
   HTTP .
 HTTP — ,    (,   ­
 )     ""   
 .          ­
    HTTP-.

 HTTP —   ,  

 - (,    
,   ,    

       79

          ­
  .      ,   ­
        ,    ­
       .  
      ,      
    .     
  .      
   ,       .
  
          ­
,         . ,
 ,     ,    (, 
),       . , 
   ,      ­
.     ,   .
 ,        ,
           .
    ,      ­
 ,  ,       . ,
      ,      
 .  ,       , ­
        —  ­
  .   ,     
     .    , 
    -     
   .   ,   
     ,     ,  ­
        .
 ,      ,  
.
  
       (­
,),  - ,       , ­
  ,   ,  ..   ­
  —      .
2
        cookie
,    ,      -
Cookie ( . cookie — ) —   ,
 ,      
 .      
" .

80  6
, cookie .       
cookie, ,  ,      ,   
    ( ). 
   : w w w . s i t e . r u / f o r u m . a s p ? t o p i c = 1 3 5 & s e s s i o n
ID=42 4 87E3 9A2B0 427 9A42 62 3E5 9DFF.
     cookie,   ­
    ,   ,   cookie ­
.  ,     ,    ­
 ,    ,  
  ,            ­
 .          
          
.     ,    ­
       .
         .
        ,  
,          ­
.      ,    
 ,            (­
,      ):
• www.site.ru/script.php?page=service&mode=show
• www.site.ru/service/
• www.site.ru/service.html
• www.site.ru/service.htm
   ,  ,  1000 ,   
 4000 ,        
    .    , 
     ,    
    .
       : 
      , ­
  ,      
 .         
  ,       .

 
     —     HTML.
-   ,  HTML- (
  ). ,  ,   ­
,    —    HTML- (   

       81

  ).  ,    HTML- ­
,  ,     .
 , HTML-  —     ,
        ­
.       — ­
,      .     HTML
3

  — ,  < t i t l e > , <hl>—<h6>,

<strong>,<em>.
       .
•          ­
  <f o n t > .       ,
   , -    ­
         ­
  .
•      ­
  .      , 
 .         
     , - 
      ,   .
• "" . ,  HTML-  
  ,   . "­
"       
   .
•    . (    ­
 .)     ,  
.          ­
   ,     , 
  "" .
•    ()   ­
.   —  ,    ­
 .    ­
   — JavaScript  VBScript.   ­
       
   .      
    JavaScript  VBScript   
  ,      
  ,        
. ,      

HTML- —  ,   

  ,     

82  6
 ,      ,   
      ""  .
•    CSS .    ­
       . 
    HTML-,    
  ,    
 .    ­
 ,        -,
     CSS.

 ,     "" ,

    11 " ,    ­
    "   12 "    ­
   ".

6.2.  

        .  
       .

 
          
.,     ,    , ­
    ,  ,    
 ,  -   .  
          ­
, —         .
  —    .     ­
 ,    ,     ­
 —      ,    , ­
    .     
  ,       ,   
    ,      .
  ,    ,   ­
  ,       ­
,       ,    ­
.        
   .    
    , r o b o t s . t x t ,    -
, < NAME="ROBOTS">.   .
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CSS (Cascading Style Sheets —    ) —  
 ()      

       83

- ROBOTS
- —       ­
,     HTML-.  
   :
<html>
<head>  , - </head>
<body> ,  </body>
</html>

 <html> —    , , 

   HTML-.   <head> 
-,  ( < t i t l e > )     ,
     .   <body>  
    (, ),  
  .
- <meta n a m e = " r o b o t s " content="...">    ­
   .   ­
,    c o n t e n t = " . . . " ,    
        .  
 - ROBOTS      ­
 ,        .
 robots.txt
 r o b o t s . t x t      ­
   .     ­
          .
      —      
  .      r o b o t s . t
 ,       ,  
    .    ­
 r o b o t s . t x t :
User-agent: StackRambler
Disallow: /cgi-bin/

   ,     ­

    c g i - b i n .     ­
    , ,    
 ,      c g i - b i n .
    ,    r o b o t s . t x t  
   ,    .    
  ,      
  r o b o t s . t x t .

84  
  
     HTTP-.   ­
    .
   HTTP     
I f - m o d i f i e d - S i n c e .        , 
   , ,      "­
"      ,     
.
         ,  
  304 Not Modified (  )   
 .        
          ­
.      -   
  .      ­
 ,     ,  
    .     ­
 ,      
.
       
          
   .      ­
  ,      ­
   , ,   , ­
 : "  Google ,    — ".

6.3. 
        
      ,
  ,   .  
      
 .         ­
      . , 
   ,    ,
    r o b o t s . t x t .
      ­
          
    .     
   , , ­
    "  ".
     —   , ­
       . 

       85

,    " "   ­
   .    
 ,    ,    
 , ,      
 ,  .
   ,     ,
     ,  ,
      .

6.4.  

1.           ­
 : ",   ,    ­
" ( h t t p : / / w e b m a s t e r . y a n d e x . r u / f a q . x m l ) , " , Rambler ­
  ?" ( h t t p : / / w w w . r a m b l e r . r u / d o c / r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s . s h t m l ) ,
"Google:    " ( h t t p : / / w w w . g o o g i e . r u / s u p p o r t /
webmasters/).
2.     "      ­
",    h t t p : / / w w w . a s h m a n o v . c o m / p a p / i v s p r e p . p h t m l ,
   ,      
   .
3.        .   ­
      "   ­
,      . 
 ",    h t t p : / / w w w . p r o m o - t e c h a r t . r u / a n a i y s i s /
errors.htm.
4. ,   ,   ,    
"- "   h t t p : / / t e r m s . yandex . r u / .
5.       HTML     h  t : / /
www.citforum.ru/internet/html40/cover.html.
6.     HTTP-      
  ,    h t t p : / / w w w . c i t f o r u m . r u / i r i 1 e r n e t /
cqi_tut/spns.shtml  http://www.citforum.ru/internet/cgi tut/rqst.
shtml.
7.  ,   . h t a c c e s s      , ­
   "     .htaccess",   
http://www.computerra.ru/gid/clr27397/241213/.
8.      - ROBOTS    r o b o t s . t x t
        h t t p : II
h e l p . r a m b l e r . r u / a r t i c l e . h t m l ? i d = 3 2 8&s=2 21  h t t p : / / h e l p . i a m b l e r . r u /
article.html?s=221&id=327.

86  6
  7
  

  ,     

   
    
     
 
  

      ,  

.  ,       
,  ,     
,      

  ,    ,    ­
 ,  ,   ,     ­
 .       .
,      —  ­
 .  ,          
    .
    , ""  ? ­
 ?
      ,  
.      ,   
        .
7.1.  ,   
 
   ,     ­
.       ,  
,   ""  "",     ­
,         , 
     .   
  ,   ,   , ­
  .      — ,  
  .
 
      . 
 :     ;   cd 
  ;   ...
        ,  ­
   ,    ­
.
  ,    
,       
,        .  ­
 :  ;   ; 
  ; ;   ;
 ...
        ­
   — , , , .
 , , 
       
   .   : ­
 ;   ;   ;   
 ;  ;   ;   
; Samsung  ;  ;   
;   ;   ...
         ­
,      .     ­
    ,  ,  
,       .

88  7
  , , 
  ,    ­
.   :  ; 
;  ;   ;   
 900 ...
         ­
  .
     
   ,   .  ­
 :  mustek; mustek 1200 ub plus;  nikon; nikon
coolpix 3100...
        
       .
 , ,   ..
   —      .
  :    ;  
 ;   ;   ; 
 ...
  ,      , 
 , ,  ,   .
        ­
        . 
       ­
,          ­
  .
,  -     ­
       ""   
    "  ", " ",
"   "  ,       
        ­
 .
, ,      ,  ­
  , ,  ,  .  ­
   ,     .

       . J

      ?   ­

      ,  ­
  .

   89

7.2.   
     —  ()
    .
      ,  " ­
";  ,    —   
       .


 ,       
 -       . ,  
  —       
       5600  ­
.     ( , ­
           ).
•   — 5663
•  — 1847
•   — 1128
•       — 1
•      — 1
•   — ... — 1
•    — 1

       ,   ­

    .     " " ,
  "  "  ?
  ,      
.  —    .  
,        
  .   ,   -   ,    
   .   —  ,   
        .
          .
, ".    
  " ,       
      1000 .
           
  (    ),   
 ,    ,    
   .     
 ,    .

90  7
        
 .   ,    
        .
      (­
   )  "". 
  ""      ­
   .

   

  1 "     "   ­
     .    ­
    ,      ­
  , — , "    "  "
".
    ; ,  
     ,     ­
  .  —  ;     
   - .
       
 :     .
       .
,   "",   ,   ­
   :
•  — 6731   ;
•   — 2143;
•   — 2673.

, -       , ­

   .   ,     ­
 . ,      
  -  ,    .
, ,   ,  ,  
,  .    ,  ­
 .       " " —
       :  
  ,    -  ..
       
     ,  
   "",  ,   ­
,    .,    
  ,     , 
   .

   91

        , 
    ,   ,   ­
, ,,.
 ,        ­
   ,   .    
     , 
   ,     
    .

7.3.    

 ,       , ­
   .  —  ,
..      ,   ­
 ,   .
     .

 —  

   
      ,    ­
   .  ,    
.       .
•   , , , , ­
., Mercedes — .
• , ,     ­
. , Mercedes — mersedec, mersedes.
•        —  , 
     . 
   ,  . , ­
 —, , , , , -.
•        ­
    .,   -­
,  ,      -
,     —  -
,    .  .
•    ,    
  (      ). ,
   —  .

92  7
 •  ,   .  
   ( ,  ­
,   ),    —  ( , 
,   ).

       ?

•    ,     , ­
     .
•       ,   ­
    .
•       ,  ­
,         ­
  .
•      ,   ­
     ,  ­
,   .
•   .  ,  
           
   .

  —    


       ""  
 —       .  ,
    ,    ­
  .   ,  .
,        
   .    — 
. ,     ,   , 
      ,  ,  
,    — .      ­
,      " "  
( ,  ), , 
  .
 ,      
    ,  
      . ,    ­
,      
 —  ■■   , .  
      
   ,    +  

   93

 ,   + .    
    ,  .
      
 ,   -  .
, ,    " ".,
   ,   ,   ­
 " "  "" —   ­
.          
   :  , 
, , , , , 
, ,  ,  , 
   .      
       .
 ,    -  ,    ­
        ,  ­
         .

  —  

      , 
  .    , 
  ,     
   — .  ,   
     .
        ,
  ,  ,   ,  ,
 .  ()     
"-", "-"  ..,      ­
     ():
^ ^  ^, 
 , .
,    ,      . 
     ,      ­
 "-",      , .
 ,  ,      ­
,    ,  .    
 , ,  ,  . ,
      
,  ,    ..

'  ,     ,  

  ,    
        .

94  7
       .   ­
 —    — ,   ,  
, ,   .
   ?  :     
             ­
 .
        
   ,    . 
 ,         ­
 . ,     && 
&&  &&  ( ,    
  )     .
          
 —  ,  -   
 .
   ,    ­
.   ,    
,       ,
   ,     .
,       , , ­
   ,   ,  
 .
 " "      .,
         (­
, -  -  ),   
   (    ).

  —  

  ""
      .    ­
    ()  .   ­
   —     
 .       ­
     .
,  ""    ,  
    "": ,  , 
,  ,  ,    
   " "   :
 ,   , 
 ,   ,  
 ,     ..

   95

          
"", ..   .     
  ,     ,     .
, ,   -   
   ,     
   ,  ,   (  
).  ,      -­
 (  ).    
 ,  ,     -.
  ""     ,
      , ..  
      .

7.4.     

,       :
•  ,   ;
•     ()   ;
•       ;
•          ­
 ;
•         
.
   ,  ,   ­
.    :
•       ;
•   .
         ­
 .    3 - 5 ,    
  500-1000 .,      ­
       ,   .

 
    1254
   1246
  1169
    1027
   926

96  7
 
    713
   490
   488
   447
  390
   381
    371
  367
  358
    356
    323
  323
   308
  264
     247
    244
    242
    240

  23  ,  ,  

,  12 174   .   ­
,       Topi0    ­
     :     
       12    .

7.5. 
       
.    :    ­
  ,        , ,
      .
       ,  ­
,       .  "-
"   ""  " "?  ­
         ? 
    .

   97

7.6.  
1.       -     ­
 .      ­
   h t t p : / / a d . r a m b l e r . r u / s w r d s / .    ­
   .    h t t p : / / w o r d s t a t .
yandex . r u / .      @Mail.ru   
h t t p : / / s t a r , . go . m a i l . r u / .
2.     "  :   ­
",      "   ­
   "  2003 ,     ­
   -.     h t t p : / / p r o m o s i t e .
r u / a r t i d e s / s e - w o r k / r e p o r t - o p t i m i z a t i o n - 2 0 03 . p h p .

98  7
  8
 


      

     
    
     
    
3   
    
 
  

     

    .    
   ,  ,  
     
        

8.1.      

      ,   
.         ­
  .
  ,         
     .
— — —
       .
•     (   ) ­
 .  ,      
     , 
 .  ,     ­
      ,  .
•    .   ,  
        .
,      
,    .   
     ,  
,      .
•    .  ,    ­
     , 
      .   ­
     .
 ,   -  ,  ­
    ,  .     
  ,       .
    .    
   .     ­
  :
•   ;
•    ;
•   .
        .
 ,  ,   .

  —  ,       

  ,   .    
    10-15  ,   
       ,
  ,    ,   
   .

100  8
8.2.     
( — —
  —   ,   
       ,  ,  
[   . J

     . -,  ­

    ,       
 . -,  —  ,
""     "".  
     ,  ,    ­
  ,   .     ,
     .
 ,   —     
      () .
 ""     .  ,
 " ", " ", " " ­
      ,    ­
 .
  -      
"-"., ,     , ­
      .   ­
,    — ;    ,   ­
 —   ..     ,  
  ,      ,   
,   .

8.3.    

   —      ­
 ,     .  
,   .
  ,     ,  
   .       ,
          ­
.  ,       ,  
          
    .
,   ,     
  ,  .     10 
    .

   101

  ()   ,     ­
         
   .    ­
   , ..   .
    .,   
   :
•  —   1000   ;
•  — 750   ;
•  — 500   ;
•  — 250   .

 ,       10   ,

    1000 -• 750 500 i 250 2500    ­
   .    .
,    ()       
     .    .


    Google
 1000 0 0 
 750 0 0 
 500   
 250   

   :

 : 4  :2500

   Google

     

 0 0 0 0 0 0

        

       ,   — 
 .        ­
 ()      ,  .

  


    Google
 1000 0 0 7
 750 12 0 0

102  8
    (

    Google
 500 6 0 0
 250 24 0 3

  

: 4  : 2500

   Google
 10     

 0 0 0 0 0 0
 1 500 0 0 2 1250

,        

   ,     500   2500 ­
  (20%).  Google      
1250   2500  (50%).    — ­
   .
          
  ().

  


    Google
 1000 3 21 1
 750 7 4 4
 500 2 10 15
 250 1 2 2

  

 : 4  : 2500

   Google
     

 0 0 0 0 0 0
 1 500 0 0 2 1250
 4 2500 3 1500 3 2000

   103

  ,         
 , ..    .    
 ,   ,  1500  (60%).  Google 
  2000  (80%),     "­
"    .
        .
•   ,       ­
 .     ,
         .
•          ­
 ,    " ". ,   ­
  ,  ,      
 .
•     .  ­
 .     
( — , 8  — ,  —   ..).  ­
         ­
.       (
  ,, ,   ..)   
   .      ­
     .    
     ,    ­
      .
       
        
, ,  ,   ,   
     .

8.4.     

       ­
 ,        .
   .     .
,  .
1.        
 ?
2.          
   
3.        

104  8
   -      .  
  .
1.   ,   ,    
     ,     ­
     ,    
   .
2.         ,  
, ,     ,   ­
 .
3.    ,  ,    ­
         ­
 ,       ­
  ,   .
 ,     —  
 ,      :
•   ;
•   ,    ;
•        .
 ,    ,  , 
        ,  ,
         .
   ,  ,   
 (..    )  ,  ­
   .

 
 ,  ,    . -, 
 .        
 .     ,   ­
,     . -,   
        ­
  . -,     
   ,    ,   ­
 (    ),   , ,
,   ,      
,  .        , "­
"   ,  ,...  ?

   105

  ,      ­
        ,
      ,    
   .

     

        ­
    .    " ­
 " ( h t t p s : / / a d . r a m b l e r . r u / s w r d s / w r d s . p i )  
  ,        ­
 .       ­
          .
,           ­
  . ,   ,
 ,      .
    ,    ­
 ,—    ( h t t p : / / g s . s p y l o g . r u /
r / ? r e p o r t I d = 7 & c a t e g o r y I d = l )   " " ( h t t p : / / w w w .
l i v e i n t e r n e t . r u / s t a t / r u / s e a r c h e s . h t m l ? p e r i o d = m o n t h ) ,  ­
    - —  
 Livelnternet .
       ­
   ,    ,   ­
   .
  ,  - 2006   46% ­
     , 22% — Google, 17% — ,
4,5% — @11..
  Livelnternet (   ),    ­
 50%   .    , ­
  Livelnternet, 19% , Google — 17% , Mail.ru — 5,6%.
 ,        ­
,        
    — 46  50% .    
  ,    ,      , 
     .
        ­
,         
,          ­
  ()  .  ­
, , ,   (   ).
" ,     
 .   , , 
 -- 21%, Google — 8%, 'ail.ru — 6,3%.

106  8
 ,     , ­
        .
, 1000     -   
     (1000/21)60=2857    ­
.   Google    (1000/21)8=380   ­
, ,  Mail.ru — 300.
,    ,   
    ,   , 
 Google     .
 , -    
          .

     

          ­
 .,     : 
 —     . 
 ,  .
        . 
  ,    ,,  ­
    , , , :
•  ;
•   (,   — ,  );
•      ;
• ""   —    , ­
      ..
      
.  ,      
     .
        ­
  .  ,       ­
 ,   ,    . 
,     .
 2005      "  " ­
  ,        
   .       ­
 .   ,     ToplG 
  .        ­
 ,     ,    
         
 (    click-through ratio — CTR).
    . 8.1.

   107

  1 2 3 4 S  7 8 9 18
 12,50 11,93 8,96 6,33 5,09 6,33 4,94 4,40 3,11 3,05
:  10,64 10,28 6,62 3,86 4,38 4,31 4,43 2,79 2,57 2,82
 39,00 35,10 31,13 27,77 16,34 30,35 17,45 15,89 8,13 6,99
! 2,69 1,10 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00

. 8.1.  CTR     ­

  —  , 
 "  "

 ,   :     

CTR ,     4-5   , . 
     ,     ­
   , , , ,   , 
  ,  12%   .
     . ,  
     ,    ­
 — Did-it, Enquiro  Eyetools.     ­
 Google,      .
    " " — ,  ­
  . " "  
3-5    .     ,  ­
     (100"'. - ).
     .   , 
 ,    8 5 % ,    .
       :
• 1-  —- 100%
• 2-  — 100%
• 3-  — 100%
• 4-  — 8 5 %
• 5-  — 60%)
• 6-  — 50%
• 7-  — 50%
• 8-  — 30%
• 9-  — 30%
• 10-  — 20%
        Google 
   ,     
 CTR.

108  8
  2005       
      " " ­
     ,     ­
  — .

   

  (  ) —  
,     :  ­
 ,       .

       

          .
   —  ,      
[   ,   .

     ?   

 ,       2500 ­
  .       
  ,    ,    
      .
•      ,    . 
,  2500        ­
.
•     ,      
          ­
  , ..     2500 , ­
   .    
   2500 0,85 2125.
•  —    .
 ,        ­
  ,   Google      
 .        ­
     ,     
  ,       ­
,       
.
  ,      ­
 ,     ,   
    ,  
 ,           ­
 ,    .

   109

 
 ,   -      ,
       
   ,    , ­
  .      
  ,   ,    
  ,  ,      ­
 .
     —    
      .  
    ,   ­
 ,        , ..  ­
    ,     
  .
     ,   ­
       ­
 .       SEOrate.ru,  
   25  .
, ,  " "  88  ­
,         —
""  "".   ­
 ,  "", "", "", "", "", "­
", ""  .        2006 ,
  . 8.2.     
    .   ""   
       .

8.5.    

       ­
,          ­
    .
        ,   ­
 — ,         ­
 ,          .
        ­
           ­
 .

110  8
  
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b t TL  } i |( *  1
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 4 . %

1. 40 126 23,15 
2. 36 950 21,31

32 816 18,35 .]

4. 32 477 13,73 ]

5. 27 801 16,04 
6. 26 21 6 I 5,1 2 LJ

7. 21 473 1 2,39
□
8. 1 8 1 56 10,47
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9. 15 467 8,82 LJ

10. 15194 8,76 

11. 14 638 8,44
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12  1 4 070 8,12
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13 14 064 8,11

14 1 3 41 7,98 
15. 1 3 (542 7,87 
16. 1 3 1 80 7,6
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17. 1 3 1 32 7,58 
18. 13 008 7,5 
19. 12 237 7,06 
20. 11 925 6,88 
21 11 911 6,87 
22 11 616 6,7 
23. 1 0 976 6,33 
24 1 0 575 6,1 
25 1 0 398 6 
 | [  | | 

. 8.2.     " "  ­

    2006 

  

  -    ­
 .
•         ­
.       .
•  ,      ­
 .        ­
   .
•  ,     (,
      ,   ­
   ).
 , ,   ,   
      ,    ­
   .
 ,   —     ­
,      .   
,          .
     ,   
     ,     "-
".  ,     .

8.6.  

,      :  ­
   ,       ­
     ..       ­
      " ",  
      .    
      
        ­
 , :
•     ;
•           ;
•       ,  , ­
;
•   ,  ,  ,  ­
,   ;
• ()(, "",
" ");

112  8
 •    ;
•       .
 ,    ,  ­
,  ,   , — .
,     ( , ­
  ),  .   
  :     , , 
   ,  ,       ­
 (  ).      -­
,       .
       
       .   
          ­
 ,       .

8.7.    

        ­
,    .
,        ­
,      ,  ­
        
        .
 ,         
 ,       .
,        ,  ­
       
 .
 ,      ­
,       —   
       ­
,      ,    .
         ­
 ,       .

8.8.
    —  .  ­
     ,    
.     ,    
         :

   113

 •     ;
•    ,     
.

       .  ­

,    (),  
.       .

8.9.  

1.     "  .   ­
 SEO" ( h t t p : / / w w w . o p t i m i z a t i o n . r u / s u b s c r i b e / 0 2 7 . h t m l ) ­
         
     MS Excel.
2.  ,        ,
     "  .   ­
  ".     h t t p : //www . o p t i m i z a t i o n .
ru/subscribe/037.html.
3.    ,     ­
     ,     
"    " ( h t t p : / / w w w . o p t i m i z a t i o n . r u /
s u b s c r i b e / 0 67 . h t m l ) .
4.  ,  ,        ­
  ,      "  ...
     ",   
http://www.optimization.ru/subscribe/070.html.
5.     ,    , 
    "  —  ", 
    h t t p : / / s e m i n a r , s e a r c h e n g i n e s . r u / m e d i a p l a n . h t m l .
6.     "« »   " ( h t t p : / /
w w w . w e b p l a n e t . r u / n e w s / i n t e r n e t / 2 0 0 5 / 3 / 9 / t r i a n g l e . h t m l )  
,     Eyetools,    "
 " ( h t t p : / / w w w . w e b p l a n e t . r u / n e w s / i n t e r n e t / 2 0 0 5 / 9 / 2 9 / m a g i c .
html) —       .

114  8
  9
 
  

 -:   

      
     
  :     ?
 : ,   
     
 
  

      -: 

      
 ,         
.

9.1. -:   

     ,  ,   
   ,     
 —     , -  .. 
      ,   , ­
  " "     .
  -     ­
 :    "  "   
 .      ­
      ,   
        ­
.
     -.
        
      ( ­
,     ..).
         .
   
•  :      ­
,   ,   ­
, - ,   .
•    :    ( 
,   ),   ­
.
•    :    
,    ,    
   .
  
•  :    , .. 
 ,     (  ­
,      ..).
•    , ..   
    .
 
• 7>,       
•   :    
 .
       ,  ­
     .     
        .

116  9
9.2.   
  
      
  ,      , ­
 .

   

    ,  .
1. .  ,   . 
 ,    (, HTML,
ASP, PHP)  .     
 -: , , , .    ­
 "" ()  ""  ( ­
     Refresh/Reload  ).
2.  .      
  .  ,   
-      .
3.  ,   .   
  ,     .
   -,     
   ,   .
4.   .  , ­
  .     ,   ,
     ,   ­
.         ­
  — ,      ­
,   ,  .
5.  IP- ( ). ,  ­
   IP-   ­
.       ,  
    (    -
IP-,     cookie    ).
       
   .
,       ­
  , ,   ..,   ­
  -  .      
  — ,     , ­
 ,     .

     117

  
      .
•   .    
 ,  IP-,  , 
       
. (    ­
 ,     ,      
IP-    ,   .)  
  —   100% 
  ,  9 5 - 9 8 %    — 
   ,      . 
,   ,  -
(proxy-), —    — 
 -,   .
•  .    ,
         
   .       
     (   ­
       ­
    ),    
 (,   , ­
    V ).
•  .     ­
 "   " (   ­
).      , 
,    . , ­
      ,    
    .,  ,
       
         —    
   "" (   
     ,      ­
,    ).

 :  

         ­
  ,       . 
 ,      
 :

118  9
 • ,     ;
•  URL ( +   ),    .
( , ,       
.)
      "" (..  ­
        "")  
"".
      , ­
 .
•  -    ( ­
,   , ,  ).
•       —   
  .    ­
        
    (URL)    .

    

        ­
  .      .
•   ().    
       
.
•    ().  
    .
•    .    
    "  ", ..  , ­
    .    ­
 ,     ,   ­
    ,  - ­
          
.

    

    ,    
 ,     (-    ,
      ,   ­
     ..).     
,     ,  
.    :

     119

 • -;
•    ""   ;
•    ""  " ";
•      ;
•       
 ;
•    ;
•     .
    ,    ­
 .       
 — ,  ,   "
"    ,    
      ..
       ,  
       
,     .    
.
•       (,  ­
  ..)     ,   ­
  .
•     ,    , 
 ,    ( ,  )
  .
          ­
 (          
  ,       ,    — ).

     

   -  .
      ,   ­
        
           
™ ,      ..
  ,     ­
  ,      ­
.
      ­
 (   ""  ""    
),   ,    
,        ..,  

120  9
  (      ­
  ).
       ,
      .   ­
        100%-
,       / 
 .

   

     ,   ­
     .   ­
       :
 ,     (  , ­
 ,   )    
 .
,         400 ,  ­
    380  420     
 95%-  "". ,     
419 ,   385,    ,    ­
    .
      
 .

9.3.     

       ,  
    -,   
.
     ,   .

 
        .
1.  .  ()   WWW-  
 ,      :
)  : IP- ,  URL,
    ( IP-   
 );
)   (,   
):   ,  (URL) 
,    ,    
    ..

     121

 2.  .     
(HTML  ).
3.   . -     
   (-).

 , - (      

 , ..    HTML-   ­
     .     
   —       ­
  ,     . 
    .
•     (,  , ­
   ..)     
•         ,
     (-).    (URL)
    ,  .
           
 ,        .
     :
62.205.178.34 [17/Jun/2005:00::52 +0400]
"/apache-talk/msg05126.html HTTP/1.1" 12854
"http://www.yandex.ru/yandsearch?rpt=rad&text=RFCl94 5"
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; Maxthon; .NET
CLR 1.1.4322)"
"ruid=0000000142B1DAE90000 92EA03030F02"

62.205.178.34 [17/Jun/2005:00:06:52 +0400]

"image/color_logo.gif HTTP/1.1" 2649
"http://www.lexa.ru/apache-talk/msg0512 6.html"
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; Maxthon; .NET
CLR 1.1 .4322) "
"ruid=0 000 000142BlDAE900 00 92EA0 30 30F02"

     HTML-,   — ­

   .  ,      
      (  : IP-,
, URL,  , URL  ,  ­
    ).
     ,  
 .      ( )  ­
    ,    .

122  9
 ,        ,  ­
          .

 
 IP-      .
   ,     ­
             IP- ( ­
 "", .. -).     ­
       ( ,
  ) —     
IP-    .
          ­
           ­
 cookie (   . ;   ),  
 .
•        ­
 cookie- —  ,   
  -.
•      , , 
     (  ).  ,
    ,   
IP-,    ,    IP-.
         ­
      (  
     ).
   ,   ,  10  30% 
    ( )  cookies.     ,
      ,  
 .

 
       .
       .
•         IP-
  .    ­
 ADSL-   ,  
 "-" (-)  ..
•     IP-    (,
  dialup-     ­
 IP-).

     123

 •       "-
" (firewall)  ,     ­
    cookies    ­
 .
•     -    ­
,            ­
,      (    ) 
 -  (     
       ­
 — ).
      ­
  .  -   
  ""   ,  ­
 ,       5 - 1 0 % .
   ,        
,    (,     ­
   ),      ­
         , ,
.

9.4.  : 

   ?
        ­
.
•        
    .     
        ­
      .
•     ().   ­
  —  —    . 
         (
).      ­
   .
     ,   ,
     . 9 . 1 .  
        . 9.2.

124  9
 9.1.     
   
    
  ( 
 (5—50.    )  )  .
      
( )
 ,   ,   ­
 ( HTML-)     ,  
    (   ­,   
 ) -  
.  
  ­
  -
      ­  ,  
 ,         
   .        ­
      
 ,  ­,    ­
   ,    
(-)  .  , ­
   
  ,    — :  
      -   ­
      ­
 

 9.2.    

   
 
+ +
  +
+
   
   +
 
    +/- +
(  
 —  
)
   +
  
. 
  
  

     125

  . 9.2
   
   +
 ( , (  
 —  ) )
- -/+
  (  ­
,    )
  + +/-
(  
 )
   -/+ +
 ( , ( ) (  ,  ­
 )   
  )

 ,     ­

       .
•  ()    ,   
  .   (   
)    ,  
 .         
    —    .
•      ­
       ,  ­
      .
•        .
•         
   .     ­
    ,   
       ,    
 (,         ­
 ).
• ,        
  ,      ­
 .
•   (  )    ­
     ,    
     .

126  9
  ,      ,
   .

9.5. : ,   

  

     Rambler's ToplOO, ­
  1997 .       
     . ToplOO ­
  -      ­
  ,     ,    
 2 5 - 5 0    -  .
   ToplOO    
    .     , 
      (,  
    ).
  1999       
 .    —  ­
,     (  )   Rambler's
ToplOO   .
        ­
  ,        ­
 ,         .
    ,   ­
        .
1.        
   ""    . 
    . ,     ­
    .
2.       ­
           .
     .
 ,      
  (  — BigMir) .
 . 9.3      ­
 .   ,    
   Liveinternet (  RAX):    ­
      -.

     127

 9.3.    
 Top.mail BigMir Liveinternet Spylog Hotlog Smartlog Google Analytics
     10.
40. + - 6—35.      -
        -  
   
 ­ + + + + + + +
 ­
 

+ + +
/

      + +   2  + ( ­
 )
 -­ + + +

 +

­  Google
+ + +

  ­ +
 
 ­ + +

  , ,  ,  ,  ,  , 
     ( ­
  ­
 — )
  . 9.3
 Top.mail BigMir Liveinternet Spy log Hotlog Smartlog Google Analytics
    ­     "goal"
. ,  ­  ( ­
- —   ,  / )
   
  ­

,- .    ( ­   -  (- ,­
       ,  )   
   — ­  
  )  GOLD-
 - + +
-       


      Smartlog,  "­
"         —  
     ,    ..
( ,       ).

  

      ,  
  .     ­
,         ­
,      .
  ( ) :  95%
   ,  ,  
, —    3, 5  .     
 ,  .
•     ,  ­
 (  ).
•          
DNS,  ,     ­
 .
•   ,   ,      ­
  .        
,      .

(( — . - - =4
,      
5%  ,  ,   HTML-  .
- — -JJ

    ,    

,      (  ),
     ,    ­
       .
    ( ) 
     ,   (   
  )       
 ,          
     .
        "­
" — " " (  1*1)  ­
      ""     .
         ­
,     .

130  9
       
    — ,    ­
    . ,    , 
   ,     , 
  ,     .
     
     ,  ­
   . ,    "" 
   ,     —  ,  ­
   30     ,    
     (   Reload ­
)       30 .,  
 "  "      ­
 ,   — .

 
 ,     ,  .  ­
           ­
   ,        ­
     
   .
    .
•        
.       (,
 ,    ,  
       ), 
      .   
        ­
   ,   ,  ­
    ,   ,  ­
  .
•      ,  
 ,    .  ­
   (, ""    ­
   ) ,    
   ( 11-12  1 7 - 1 8   ).
        
 ,   Smartlog (  ­
,    ).

     131

 •   1 0 - 2 0 %     ­
;       ( , -
 ,   )     
.
       
        ­
 .      ,   
  ,       — 
     ,   
          ­
 .    ""  ,
  ,        
  ,        ­
     (),   ­
 .         ­
 .
 ,       ­
      ,  ­
   , ,    .

9.6.   


-   ()  
   ,    ,   ­
  ,     . 
        
.
    ,   ""   ­
   ,      —   
  .      ,
,    .
     
 . 9.4,        ­
,    (Analog  Webalizer)     ­
     ,   (Webtrends)  ­
   .

132  9
 9.4.    -
 Analog Webalizer Webtrends  Bitrix NetPromoter Spylog Flexolyzer
(loganalyzer+
 )
    895. 500. (MySQL)-  : 20000 .  
(Small Business 3000. (Oracle). 400., 
Ed.)  9995.       
(Enterprise)   Bitrix " "
 ­     (   , 
 (- ­     
  ­
) )
  ­ + ( + (­ + (  +
 ) ­  ­
) )
  + + +

/­

 - / + () - / + (­ + ( + / - ( )
)  )
 ­ + +
 
 - / + (- - / + (-
 ­  -  
   ­  ) )

  . 9.4

 Analog Webalizer Webtrends  Bitrix NetPromoter Spylog Flexolyzer

(loganaiyzer+
 )

 -  {­  + (     " , ­
    User-Agent)   ",  Log  top-N ­
 ) Analyzer 
 


 ,  + ( - + +

,   )


   ­  ­   (­  ­
 ,  ­   ""      
,  .   ­  )  
   .  ­
-  ­  (
   ­ 
  , ­
 -
)

 XLS, DOC, PDF HTML, XLS, XML

        

  ­ + (  ­

 (executive  , 
summary)  )
9.7. 
  ,     
     .  , ­
        .
          ­
       , 
        ­
.          
   Liveinternet,       
 -    .
         
.    "" — ,  
       .

9.8.  

1.   - SpyLog ( h t t p : //www. spy l o g . r u / ) 
  ,   .
2.   h t t p : / / w w w . l i v e i n t e r n e t . r u / r a t i n g / r u /   
   Liveinternet.ru.
3.  Rambler's ToplOO ( h t t p : / / t o p l O O . r a m b i e r . r u / t o p l O O / )  
 ,      
4.   AWLA ( h t t p : / / w v j w . w e b l o g a n a l y z e r . b i z / r u s / w e b l o g a n a
l y z e r . h t m l )   -     
  .
5.       "  -
",      h t t p : / / w w w . s e a r c h e n g i n e s . r u /
a r t i c l e s / 0 0 4 597.html  h t t p : / / w w w . s e a r c h e n g i n e s . r u / a r t i c l e s / 0 0 4 5 9 8 .
h t m l ,           -
.
6.         
"   :  SpyLOG" ( h t t p : / / p r o
m o . b y / s e a r c h e n g i n e s / s p y i o g - o v e r v i e w . h t m i ) , "  ­
 :  Rambler TOP 100" ( h t t p : / / p r o m o . b y / s e a r c i i e n g i n e s /
r a m b l e r - t o p l O O - o v e r v i e w . h t m l ) , "   ­
:  Rax" ( h t t p : / / p r o m o . b y / s e a r c h e n g i n e s / r a x - o v e r v i e w . h t m l ) ,
"   :  TopMail" ( h t t p : / / p r o m o .
b y / s e a r c h e n g i n e s / t o p m a i l - o v e r v i e w . h t m l ) , "  
:  Hotlog" ( h t t p : / / p r o m o . b y / s e a r c h e n g i n e s / t o p m a i l - o v e r
view . h t m l ) .

     135

  10
 
  
(-)

     

    
  -   
 
  

      "" —  

       
 .

10.1.     

,        ­
,         
 ,       .
,         ,
   :
•   —   ;
•  -,     .
         ,  
   .
•  .      ,   
          ­
      .   
 , ..      
   .
•  .          
        
.   ,     .
•  .  -   ,   -
  .      "-"
.   ,  .

        ­

        ­
     .

10.2.    

        
  .   ,  — ­
       ­
 .   ,    —   
,     ,  ­
 —     ,  ..
        .
  ,      
        .
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           ,
   .

   

        
 .          
,       
      ,   
   .     
    ,     , 
 Google.

138  10
 ,       
      url = "www.mysite.ru"   ­
        
.            
       ,   Google.
         
     ,     ­
 .     —  ,  
"" .
,    ( — )  
   — ,      .
,        ­
   ""    ,   
  .
         .
         :
•         
  ,  ;
•         ­
     ,    .
        .
 ,         ­
 ,   -    .

-
        
  -.    .
•         ­
   .    ­
    .
•        Google.
       ­
     . ,  
    ,       
   "" .     
       .
          ­
 ,     -
(. 10.1).

     (-) 139

 10.1. -

URL   Google  

 1  1  1 10 000   1
 2 1400
 7  7 450
 2  4  4 850   2
 5  5 700
 6 550
  7 450   3
 8  8  8 300

      .  ­

   ,   1   1 ­
     Google,  2  ,   
 ,  3      
 8  ..
       .
      ,    ­
 ,         .
 -      ­
,     , , ,    . 10.2.

 10.2. -    



URL   Google  

 1  1  1 10 000   1
 2 1400
 7  7 450
 2  4  4 850   2
 5  5 700
 6 550
  7 450   3
 8  8 \ DO- 8 300

140  10
  -   ,     
       . -
  ,       
     Topi 1-50.
    -  ­
   ,  ,       ­
   . ,   ,  . 10.2,
   .
•   1   .     
 Google    .   ­
     HTML-     .
,     ,  
  .
•   2       Google 
 4.     , 
     Google.
•   3        ­
   8.
   ,      
   " ". ,  ,     
  (),   
.   ""   ,  ­
      .
 -  ,     ­
 ,       ­
    .    
 ,       "" 
  .

10.3.  -   

   ,       
 , ..,   Google      
 ,    . ­
   .
•   . - ,
    ,       
,      .    ­
    ,  , 

     (-) 141

       ,   
   — , .
•  .      
   .     — ­
,   .   ­
     "",     ,
   , -  
 "".         " -" 
    ,   ""   ­
     .     ­
  ,  "" .

10.4.
   ,       ­
,      ,   
  .    
         
  .   , 
      ,   
    .
     ,  ,  
-,       ­
   .      , 
        
 .

10.5.  

1.         
   h t t p : / / w w w . y a n d e x . r u / a d v a n c e d . h t m l .
2. ,      
  h t t p : / / h e l p . y a n d e x . r u / s e a r c h / ? i d = 4 8 1 9 3 9 .
3.          
    h t t p : / / w w w . r a m b l e r . r u / c g i - b i n / a d v a n c e d .
c g i ?net=www.
4.        — h
www.rambler.ru/doc/help.shtml.
5. To ,   Google:    h t t p : //www. g o o g l e . r u
advanced_search?hl=ru.
6.      Google   h t t p : //www. g o o g
ru/support/bin/topic.py?topic=352.

142  10
  11
 ,
 
 
  

   " -"

  
   : " "
 
  

    ,   , -

,      
        
   .

  ,      —   ­

   5 "   ".  
,  "",      , 
 ""     -.   
     —     .
  :      ­
  ()    ,  
     ,  
 ?
       
      — ,   
   :   .
     ,    
   ., ,  , , ­
,     ..   — ,  , 
     .     ,  
   .       
     .
      , 
   ?

11.1.   " -"

    :     
   " -" ,  ­
 .
    ,   -,
     (    ).
    ""?    .
         
 .      "".

   2005 

,     , 
  ,    
  .       ,
,  ,  ,   ,   ..
      ,  
   .
** *
    2005 
 ,      ,
     , 
      . 
      , ,  ,
        . . 
     ,   
   .

' ,     

144  11
         ­
:    ,  ,   ... -
"".  ,  ""    
     .  ,   — ,  ­
    .  — ,   
    .,   -  
 .
  ,  ( )  , ­
            ­
 .     ""   ,  ­
 — .
 ,      ,   ­
  ..    ,    
        .
,      ,    ,
   ,   ,    ,   ­
    ,  .   ­
        ­
?
     .   
    ,    ­
    .   ,   ,
  ,     .. 
         
  .
      .   
,     .   ­
      ""    :
          ­
   ,      ­
   .      
   ,        ­
  ,   ,       ­
,  -  .
,        ­
  .       ­
    .
        ,  ­
        
        .
,       "­
"     ,     .

,      ... 145

 ,       ­
     .    , ­
      ,   
  ,    , , 
,   .
     ,    ­
   "".      ­
 -  - , "" ? 
  ,       ?   
 ,   ""    ?
 ,  ,   ,  ­
 ,    . ,      
,        .
    ,    
   .

11.2.   

,    — , ­
          ­
. ,     , ­
 "" , — , , ,  .
     (  )
      ,   .
      :  ­
         -.
  :     
( ),  (    —  ,
,    ),      .
   ,       ­
     ,     (­
)    .
       ,  ­
 ,          ­
.
 ,      
     ,    ­
,     (  ,  ­
  ),    
     .
   ,     ­
 .

146  11
"" —   
  ,   ,    
    ,   ,  ,  ,  
          
 .
   ,    
.
       ,
        
  ("")   ,   
 .
        —   ­
       ,    ,   
. ,     ,   
  ,     "   
       "
 "         ­
".       : "...
   ", "  ,  ­
  ".
        ­
      .

  

          ?
,     ,  ,   , ­
 , — " "  " ".
      —    .  ­
  ,       .
      ""  "",  , ­
    ,   .  ,  
      ,   .
        
    ,     
   ,   .   ­
     .
      ,  ,
      ,      ­
 ,  ,    .

 ,      ... 147

 ,        ­
 ., ,     —  ­
, ..   50% ,    .

     

 ( ) -    ­
,         
 (   ).   ?    
 ,       < t i t l e > . , ­
   :
<tit1> "" -  </title>

      HTML-  -,  

  .
     , ­
 -,       ­
  .       ­
  —      , 
,   .   —    ­
      ,     ­
   ,  ,      
    .
      ­
  .  ,   ­
   .     , 
    ,      
   ,   ,    
 .
 ,      ­
,   -   " «» — ­
      " —
         ­
.
       , ­
    ,   ­
  .    ,    
 .

     -

  , ,   , ­
    ,     
      .

148  11
      .  ­
        ,   
 ,  ,       
  .
,           
-,     .  ­
,          500 , 
      ,     ­
  ,    .

    

 ,  ,    .  
    ,       ­
.
      —     
 ,       ,  ,    ­
    .
       —       
.     .   HTML ­
       —  <hl >,
<h2>... <h6>     1, 2, 3  ..
       
,      ,   
 .     ,   ­
   ,   ,  
 ,   .        -
   ,       
 ,        .
 ,       ,
        ­
 ,    ,   .
,      1  , ­
  6,       ­
 — -    .
,         ­
,     .    
 1 ( <  > )       ,   ­
  ,        , 
  .

 ,      ... 149

    
     ,    ­
   , —      ­
, , .   HTML     ­
 — < s t r o n g > , < e m > , < b >  < i > .
,       ,   
  .  ,      ­
    ,     
    ,      .
-    .    ­
       
,         .
,    ,   ­
 .

       

      , ­
 .        —  .
  -     
 .      <lmg>, :
<img src~"  ( )" ] 1:. = "
">

 a l t        ,  ""
.    " "    ­
       .  
    ,     
      (,   
    ).
 ,    (   a l t  <img>)
    . , 
 ,      -.
    ,   ,  ­
,    ,    ,
     ,    
.

 
       , ­
         
  .      —  ­
 ,        -

150  11
  .    
(  ), ,  ,     ­
  -.
   ,    , 
 -    ,  ,  ­
 , .  , , ""   ­
 .     ,    .
        -,
         
    ,  ,  , 
    .
  —   ,     .
        ,
  ,   .    
 .
   ,      ,  
      ,
   ,      .
    .
    ,    ­
   ,      ­
,  ,   , ,    ­
.
       
.     (  
  )      
   .   ,     .

     ( )

         ­
,     ,  ,  
 .
 ,   -    
   .
    ,   "" ,
    ,      
 .
 , , ,   :
< href="okna-montazh.html">MoHTa;K  </>

         " ­

 "     (..    -

 ,      ... 151

 o k n a - m o n t a z h . h t m l ) .  ,  ,    
   .
       . ,  ­
   o k n a - m o n t a z h . h t m l   
  ,    ..,  
   .      
   o k n a - m o n t a z h . h t m l      
 .
        ­
      .
     ,   
    ,   ,   ­
    ,         W
 ,    W      
    .

11.3.   :

" "
  ,        ­
    ,    — ­
        .  
   —  ,   
 ,     , 
 ,      -.
  ,   " ",  
         ­
  ,     ,      
        ­
     .    ­
      
   .
    ,     ­
  —     ., ­
        
      : "­
    W   1, 2, 3, 4  - 
 -  ,  - 
- ,  - ,  
   - ".
        
     ,  

152  11
   ,   . 
   ,   ­
,      - ,    ­
   ,     .
          
 ,  ,    ,  
 .
       .  ­
  ,     ,
      .

11.4.
  " ",    
          ­
 , —  .        ­
       
 —    , 
  .
      : 
  -  ,   — ,
,  —      
        
 .        
  .
         
 ,        .

11.5.  

1.        " , ­
  ",      ­
      PageRank,    h t t p : / /
www.promo-techart.ru/analysis/relevants.htm.
2. ,       
    "    ", ­
   h t t p : / / w w w . p r o m o - t e c h a r t . r u / a n a l y s i s / r a n g e . h t m .
3.      (    
  -) " , , ",
   h t t p : //www . d i g i t s . r u / a r t i d e s / p r o m o t i o n / s e _ p r o m o -
t i o n . h t m l ,   ,     2001 .
4.         
 "  "   h t t p : / / w e b m a s t e r . y a n d e x . r u /
iaq.xmi.

 ,      ... 153

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 
 
  

      

      
 :     
  
 
  

    ,    ,

     ,   
     .

     ,     —

    .    - 
 ,   ,     ­
    .  ,  
     ,    ­
    .
         ­
  :       
- ,  -  ..     
 (. 12.1).  ,   ,   
-,    ,     ­
    .

 12.1. - 

URL   Google  
 1  1  1 10000   1
 2 1400
 7  7 450
 2  4  4 850   2
 5  5 700
 6 550
 3  7 450   3
 8  8  8 300

1 .,         ­

      .

12.1.      

,  , —      ­
 ,        ­
,      .
      ,
   .
•     .   
    ,   
.        ,  ­
 .     
,       .
•     .    
 ,    .    ­
  , ,    .
•      .  
       ( < h l > - < h 4 > ) ,
  (<s t rong>, <em>)      ­
 (< i rmg s rc-URL a 1.-"">).

156  12
 ,        
        ­
,        
 ,   .    ­
  , ..     .
          ­
 .
•    .    
         
.
•   .    
       , 
  .

12.2.      

 ,,        
   ,      " ­
"?        
   ?
      , ­
       
      .
    ,     ­
      ,     
,        —  - ­
.
      ,
       , 
  .       .
        ­
   ,   ""  
      .
       "" 
     ,      
    .
    , 
 .

'   —    ,   

  .
      157
     
       ,   , ­
  - ,          ­
 .  ,  
       .
,   ,     ­
 ,  ,     —  
         .
, ,     ,   -,
        
.
 N .    19 73 
      .  ­
    , ,, D     
  .     ­
 .     
   2005 .    - 
   R.

        .  ,
   ,    ,  ­
    ,   
     ,    .
, :
 N .    1973 
      .  ­
    , , , D  
     .   ­
    .   ­
      2005 .   -
       R.
     ,    
  .      ,  ­
   "" .
 N .   ­
   1973   
   .   ­
  , ,, D        .
      ­
 .      ­
  XY-21    2005. 
 -      R.

158  12
   ""    , ­
   ,     .
 ,  -  ,    ­
     "", .
    ,    ­
   , —      .

   

       
   ,      ­
 .
       
  ,       
   .    ,  ­
 .
 N  .    ­
   1973   
   .   ­
  , , , D        .
      ­
 .      ­
  XY-21    2005. 
 -      R.
  ,      ,   "­
" .
      -
    - .    ,
  —     / ,
, .   -,   
      ,   , ­
   .

  

       . , 
       :   
 ,    .  -  ­
  ,  ,  ,   .
, ,   ,   ­
 .           
         , 
   .    ,   ­
   .

      159

 
(  , — <h 1 >)
 N  .   
   19**   ­
    .
 
(   — <h/>)
     , ,, D 
      .
   
(   — <h2.->)
      ­
 .     
  XY-21    200* .

  
(   — <h2>)
  -    
 R.

 ,  ""       

 .    ,   
    ,     
.   ,     .
    ,    
,    ,      .

   

   
 ri.li-.  <imq>    ,  
     (  ),   
  ,   ,    ­
.
 ,    Google   
   ,    a l t  
    . ,     1t. ­
   ,  "",  ­
            
 .

160  12
    ,    a l t 
   ,    .
:
<img src="www.site.ru/ball bearing.htm" alL--",
 ,   , 
">

    —      ­

,     ,      .
,         (­
,        ), 
,       .  
       .

12.3. :     

           ­
,       . 
 "     " ( h t t p : / /
rules.yandex.ru/termsfuse.xml).
"...      ­
 ,  ,    
     .
3.5.   " " —   ­
        
  ()   . , 
" ",     - ­
   .
    ,      
          .
        , ­
    .  ,   
:    ,   
  (,   .);    ­
 "" ,    
    ;  
-      ,  
,    ;  ,
   ""   
,  ..        ".

      161

   —     ­
        ()
  .
      —   , ­
       . 
,      "", 
     ,  
    .
,       12-   -
,           
   ,      
   ().      ­
  .
   ,     ­
      .    ,
        .  ­
, "" , ,  ,  
      (.. ).
         "­
" .         
 (),     .
    —    
    {)      ­
, ,       ­
    ,   ,  
 ,  .
]     , ..  
    ,   .  ­
   —  ,   ,  ­
 ""  ,       ­
.          , 
        
 .
  ,   , —  
    .  ,  
 ,        .. ­
  ,        ,
,  ,     .   
   ,   (  
  ) -      .
 ,      .

162  12
      —   
        .
   .

12.4.  

     .  , 
    - : "   
  ,      ,     ­
   12 .       ,  
,      7 ".
   .
•    " ".   
        ­
  .
•   .   ­
      
 .
•  .      ­
 ,      , 
       .
      -   ­
          
     ,   .
      ,   ­
 ,    ,     
 .      ,  
  ?

  

,  ,   .   
         ­
   , ..   ­
   .
,    ,    - ­
      W (      
  W),          W.
    ,     
  W    —    ,   
""       
   .

      163

    ,    -
,     .
,   ,      
   — ,  ,   ,  
       ,    
.
 , "" ,     ­
    ,    . 
      ,     
   .      —
,       - — ­
.

    

 ,       : ­
 ,   . , 
  "",   "",  ,  ­
     .
       ­
  — 3 - 5 ;  — 10-30; ,  
 ,      , — 3 0 - 2 0 0 (
  ).
     - , -
 —  -,  —  -.
     
       50 
   -    . 
      ,     .
   ,       
2 5 - 3 0 0 % ,      , 
        .
        
    .    ­
  (   ) 
     ,   ­
  .
    ,    
        
().    .

164  12
12.5.
       -
   ,        ­
 .  ,       ­
, —     -.
      
,        ­
 .
      -  -
   .
      
       . 
  .

12.6.  

1.   "SEO-    " ( h t t p : / / s e o t e x t .
ru/art-faq.html).
2.  ,        
  ,      
": , !",    
http://adlabs.ru/article/optim/.

      165

  13

  


  
5  
Z> -   
 
  

    ,     

     — ,   
  .

  5 "   " ,   ­

       , 
  ,   ,    ,   
  .
   —       
.       ­
,       .
       .  
     ,   
(PageRank).  ,      — 
    .
13.1.  
      ,  ,  
 ,       ,    ­
   .,    , ­
       ,    — 
   .
-^
?-*
        ­
    ,         ?
        ,
          , 
     .      
  ,      .   
  ,  ,  ,  ,  
      .
 ,    i-- (
 ) ,      
   ,  ,   ­
     .
     .
,      ,    —   D.
-»

    ,   ,   1000  ,  
 ,       D,    .
(1000 ) - +  - > 
(0 ) —»  —> D
        —   D?
    ,   D  
  ,    — ,   . 
 , ,          D, ­
       .

   ,      . J

       , ­

          .

168  13
 
      ,  
     ,   ­
      .  ­
      —  (
   )  PageRank ( -
 ,  Google).
    .
 
        
(http://help.yandex.ru/catalogue/?id=873431).
"    ()  "­
" -    
     .   
 "" .     ­
 .    
     .    ­
        ,   
  ,    .
       ­
      
.     , ­
     ,  ­
   "" ("") 
   ()".
     ,     ­
   h t t p : / / s e a r c h . y a c a . y a n d e x . r u / y c a / c y / c h / w w w . m y _
si te. r u / ,    si te. ru     
  .
   — 10 . ,  ­
,  ,       
— 112 000.    .
         
         ­
.      , 
        
 .  ore.
     ,     
       "" 
 —       ..

     169

   ,       
        .
          ­
  — PageRank  Google.
 PageRank
      . 
     " PageRank"  
  ( h t t p : / / w w w . d i g i t s . r u / a r t i c l e s / p r o m o t i o n /
page r a n k . html).
"PageRank —   Google   "" ...
 Google ,        , 
  ,    —  . 
   PageRank. PageRank     ­
  .      ,
         ...
PageRank — ,   
       ,   
 .    , ­
 Google,  //  PageRank.
       PageRank
   ".
 PageRank      ,
      . ,  ­
 PageRank     ,     ­
 Google (Google toolbar,    ).  
  ,   PageRank ­
,       .
     PageRank  
11 ,  0  10.   1...10     ­
,    Google,    
  ™ .
  PageRank   ,  , 
    .      ­
 , ,   - ,  .  
      ,   ­
   .   ,   .
  PageRank   ,     
  ,       .
 ,  PageRank,   ,    
      ,      .

170  13
     
    (  PageRank)   ,
          
.      
,     PageRank    
 .     —  .
 ,     - ­
      PageRank ,  
 ,       
  .     .
   ,   , —
    . , PageRank ­
     ,  
 .
        —    
.     ,      
   ,     ,  100%.    
     , D ,  ,  
    ,      , 
,       , .
   ,    ,  
  ,          ­
 .       
         , 
  PageRank     -"".
  ,        ­
 .

13.2.  

  —       X
   X  Y.   W  
         ,   ­
    .
,     www. s i t e ] . r u / i n d e x . h t m l  
< h r e f - - - " h t t p : //www. s i t e 2 . r u / i n d e x 2 . html">ApeHfla 
</>,       w w w . s i t e 2 . r u / i n d e x 2 . h t m i
     " ".
,         ,  
  ,  ,       ­
  , ..     ,
       .

     171

      .  
  -   ,  ,   ­
   ,   . 
        ,
   .
      .
      ­
  ,    .
,  ,   ,    
  .

13.3. -   

  ,        
,       .  
         
     ,    .
,           ­
   .  ,       
  ,   ?
        -
(.  10 "     (-)").
,    (. 13.1).

 13.1.  - 

URL   Google  

 1  1  1 10000   1
 2 1400
 7  7 450
2  4  4 850   2
 5  5 700
 6 550
  7 450   3
 S  8
1.  8 300

,   , —    

 .      - ­
,         . 

172  13
 ,        ­
 ,        .
    -    ­
  ,  ,      ­
           , 
 .      ,      ­
      .
,    ,    1 ­
      1, 2  7.     2 
   4, 5  6,    —  7  8. ,
 ,         8
          —
      .
,  -  ,    ­
          
,   -    ,  
   Topi 1-50, ..    "".

13.4.
,         
,        . ­
  —   .   ,  ­
  , —   .
      , .. ­
     ,    .
  ,    
,      —   PageRank.
        : 
  ,   . 
        , 
 .
     ,    ­
     .

13.5.  

1.         
     .  "  :
 «» ",    h t t p : //www. r a s k r u t i m .
r u / a r t i d e s / s e a r c h e n g i n e s / r e p u t a t i o n . html.

     173

2.     " PageRank"  
   PageRank.     
     h t t p : / / w w w . d i g j t::. r u / a r t i c ] e s /
promoLion/pagerank.html.
3.   " " ,   h t
h e l p . yandex . r u / c a t a l o g u e / ? i d = 8 7 3 4 3 . 1 ,   
     .
4.        PageRank  ­
      : "PageRank:  "
( h t t p : / / p r o m o s i t e . r u / a r t i c l e s / p a g e r a n k - b e g r n .php), "PageRank:  ­
" ( h t t p : / / p r o m o s i t e . r u / a r t i c l e s / p a g e r a n k - f l o w . p h p )  "PageRank: 
  " ( h t t p : / / p r o m o s i t e . r u / a r t i c l e s / p a g e r a n k - e x c i i a n g e . php).

174  13
  14
  

       

      
     
3 
  

    ,    

       
,       
 ,    
  .

     .  ,  

 ,     ­
 ,      ,   ­
  .      ­
    :  —   
,    .      
 .
     ,    ­
,  ,      
    . ,    , 
      .    
    ?
1 4 1 .   
  
        ­
 .

-
,     — ,   ­
  ,         .
,       ,  
        ,   ­
.   ,      
    .
  ,       ,
, , ,       , —
         .
          ­
,       .
 ,      
     .

 —   

       (­
,  ).,     
       , 
   ,    ­
,   ,      ..
,    ,     ­
 .        ­
   ,      /
     —  ,     
        .

 —  

        ,   ­
  .   ( ) 
   —    .  ­
          
.
      .

176  14
-
        ,  , — 
  . ,     ­
       .
,       ,
     .  ­
        ,  
 /    .
       ,  
 ,   .

 —  

   -     ­
   .       
,    ,     ­
     . ,     
  ,    .
    ,     ­
 ,   .    
 ,  ,     
 ,        .

 —  

       --
,        ­
. , ,   - —
SpyLOG, Hotlog, Rambler's ToplOO, Liveinternet  Top@Mail.ru.
        ­
      (CMS).  , 
     —     
 .

 — 
     .   ­
   ,   , .
,       .,  
       
().    ,   PageRank  
.

   177

  -     ­
  ,   PageRank,   "" ­
    ,  , ,    .
 ,        
   .     ,   — 
   .      .

14.2.      

      " PageRank"
( ).
"     , 
   ,     ­
.     ,    
  .
•   .   , , 
 ,      (
 ),    .
•    ,  
 ,     
.       ,  
  ".
  .     ,   
    .      
  ,      ­
 ,      
. ,  ,   ,  
,   ,      
.       ,
   ,   .
     .  
"     ".
"...      , 
   .       : ­
 ,    "" 
   ,      
   ..."
 ,    ,  ", ­
   ".  ,   ­
      ,    ,  ­
    "" - (, 

178  14
 ,       )  , "­
    ",  .
     -  
 .     .

      

 ,       , ­
:
•   ;
•   ;
•   ;
•    (    ­
).
,   .
 
  —  , ,    ­
,   ,     ­
       , ,
  ,  .
 ,        ,
 . ( )   
"" ( , ).
 ,  ,     
   ,     .
   ,      
     -.
          
  -,    .  ­
      .
 
       
 - .    ,  ­
         ,  ­
  .        
     . ­
   ,     .
 
    ,      -
 .  ,      (-
    — ,  , -

   179

      ;  —  
).
       .   
   —   .
 - , ,  —  
          
  .     
  , ,   
 ..     ,    
        
,   .
         
 -   ,  
 " ".     
       (   — ).

  —  " ",   ­
         , ­
 .       ,   
.        ­
    — , ,    
 (ICQ)  .  ,      ­
       ,  -
  ).
,  -,     ­
    ,   -,      . 
   ,     ­
      .
      .
        ,    
   ,         
.   ,     
        ,   ­
  .
    ,   
 , —     .
 ,         , 
   .    , 
,      / ,
  .

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      ,    
    ,    ­
 ,      ,  ..
          ­
   ,       . 
  ,    -­
      .    
 ,   ,   .  , 
      
  .      .

     

   
        
  ,  , ,    ­
 .   ,      ­
     ,  
,      .   
        .
,     , — , . 
        ., 
,   ,   ,    ­
   .       ­
      .
  
        
  ,     .   ­
    ,    , 
     —  .    ­
      ,    ­
   ,   .
   ,     ,   
          ­
.      ,   
.         (­
)  .
,  ,     --
 / ,    .  ­
          ­
,        ­
.  ,  ,   
     .

   181

  , ,       . 
,          ­
,          ­
 .       
       .
      ,     -
   ,    1 0 - 5 0 
.       , ­
    , ,    ""
 .
   ,    ­
     ,    .
 ,  ,     
  (. 14.1).     ,
          
  (,       
  ).       
 ,        ,  
   ,      — ",
   ",     "  ­
"     (     ,
  "  ").

[t.?° |«11.1
. 14.1.      

      .  ­

         ­
 ,     ,  
         ­
  .      ­
          ­
 .
     ,    
        
      -
.          
      ,    
.

182  14
     ,   
       .  ­
      ,  ­
         
.
  
   -     ­
 :
—  ?
— !
—    ! ,     —  !
,       .     ,
  ,  ,  ,   ,     
 ,   .    
.        ­
         , ­
       .
      . 
   ,       
      . ,   ,
   .        
   ?
     .    ­
  ,    ...  .
    .
       ­
.      — "", "", "",
" ", " ", "", " ", "
 ", "Links", " "  ..  ,  ­
        
(    ).   ,
     ,   (.  ­
 " —  ").
     :    
        ,    ­
         . 
'    ,     ,
    ,    . 
 "  . (kttp://www. rukv. ), 
      ""    .  
  480 .

   183

    ,   ,    ­
 ,      .
     ,   ­
  ,      , ­
    ,    
,    ,   "" .
         
  .     
  ,        ­
 .
       -
   ,      ­
   .         
,  .     ,
   ""   ,    
   .
,     :  
,     ,  
     .
         ­
,        , ­
  . ,   .
  
     —    . 
      .    ­
  ,      ­
.   ,  ,   , 
    .   
  ()    
     .
,     —    ­
       .  
        .  ­
,       ,   
     —  , ,   
  .        
        .
      . -, 
   ,    ,   
; -,  .  , ,   , 
,  .

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  ,   ,     ­
 (  PageRank),         ­
  ,      "", — ­
         
.     ,     
 .

 ( . nepos — , ;   — nepotis)  
  —        ­
 ,   ,    ( 
). ""      
"".        — 
  ..  "  ":

" ,   ,   ?..

 ,    ".

 ""       ­

  . , ,    (-
)  ,   ""   
,           . 
     ,    ,   ­
 -,         
 .

   ""  "" —   ­

 .        ­
    ,   ,   
,          
   .
       ­
        —  .
          , 
   ,    : A-^B,B-^C,C-^D,
D^>E, E—> F, F—>A.   ,    , ­
    ,  3-4,  , ..  , , ;
 —  ,, 3    ..       , 
   , ,   ­
  .
   , , -,  
       ­
 ,     - 
      . --

   185

,  ,      , 
   —    .  
      .
       ­
 -,     
2
.     ,  
, ,   .     
  .       
   ,    
.       .
        ­
:           ­
,          
       .
 ,     , 
  :        ­
 .
 
  ,    .      
      
.
         
     . ,
     ,    ­
  .    ,   
  .
        
         ­
  .        
 ,       
-   .
     .  
         -
.    - (""), ­
    . ,   ­
,      .,    ­
,   ,   , 
,    ,  , .

2
,    —   
    1990-.        
.

186  14
     " ",   ­
     ,   "".   
        
,         ­
 .     .
     
           ­
    ,  
 , —    .   ­
       , ­
    .      
  ,    .   
  .
      ,  ­
        , 
   .
, ,  ,       ­
,   ,       .   ­
   ,   ­
  , — ,    ,     ­
.
       ­
  .,     , ­
     ( ,    ,
      ).
  
          ­
       .  
        
  ,   .
      .
,  ,     ­
, ,  ,    
  ,       ­
     .     ­
         . 
    -   ­
 ,      .

3
   Linkator.Ru —   
 .   
   187
           ­
.        ­
,       ,   ­
   .
    ,  ,
        
  .        , 
 .
      . 
      ,   ­
     , ,   
 . ,      
  ,  ,       -
-,         
 .

14.3.    

       .

   

  ,        
:
■■ ci :it'::f " n t . t p : / / t o p . 1 .  u / j u m p ? t o ~ 3 2 4 5 4 3 & u r l - h t t p : / / w w w .
!']:'.."■ ; -,, a w.e r L a a . coin" >   </>

■a ri! e l "-"""huLp : / /www . r u s s L a n a m e r i  a . com" >  </>

   -  , ,   

 ,         — h t t p : / /www . r u s s i
 ,-;mcsr i   . com.         
       < href-...>.  
 .
        h t t p : / / t o p .ma i 1. r u/ jump,
     ? t o = 3 2 4 5 4 3 ,   ,  ­
           h t t p : /
t op . ma i J. . r u / i ump.
      ,   ­
   h t t p : / / t o p .mai .1 . r u / j ump?to=32 4 54 3 & u r l - - h t t p : / /www . r u s
■
:■ : -; amor i  a . com      t o p . m a i l . r u ,    h t t p : /
www. r i.,.s;;j a n a m e r i c a . com.

188  14
   h t t p : / / t o p . m a i l . r u / j u m p ? t o = 3 2 4 5 4 3 & u r l = h t t p : / / w w w .
r u s s i a n a m e r i c a . c o m   () 
  h t t p : / / w w w . r u s s i a n a m e r i c a . c o m ,    
, .
       . 
      .  ,  
   ,      
.

   

        ­
.     , , 
• ,    ,     ;
•      .
   /       ­
 r o b o t s . t x t . ,      ­
  ,         
  .
        ­
   HTML- - < NAME= "ROBOTS"
CONTENT="NOINDEX"> ( CONTENT="NONE").
    <NOINDEX>    , ­
 -    ,  <NOINDEX>
  </NOINDEX>.     
 ,        
.
 Google      .  
      r e l = " n o f o l l o w " , :
< href="http : //www.example.com/" rel = "nofollow"»!    
</>

     ,  ­

     ,   
,       ,   .
 ,       ,
     :

4
     —   

   189

 •    ;
• ,    ,   ,
..       r o b o t s . t x t   -
<robots>;
•    , ..    
 - < r o b o t s >      < h r e f = " h t t p : / /
w w w . s i t e . r u " r e l = " n o f o l l o w " > ,      
,       <no i ndex>.

    

,        
      ,    .
•   .     
,        
 ( ) .
• PageRank .    PageRank ,  ­
  , —  .
•  .      
     , — .
•  .      ,  
  , —  .
•     . 
     (., ­
- Rambler,s ToplOO).  ,    ­
  ,    ,  
 ,    .
•        .   
,    ,     
.    ,    , 
       .
•  .  ,   
,     ,   ""  
 —   (   ). ­
   ,   ,  ­
     .
     "" ,
 ,     ,  -.
  ,   -,    ­
  .      -

190  14
   ,      , 
 ,      -  .
       -  ­
 .
•   .        ­
 ,       , ­
   . ,     
< h r e f = " s i t e . ">  </>.  ­
     s i t e .      
 , , , . 
ru      , ,  ­
.     .  , 
    : " , ­
,   ".      
,      .
•  .      
  ,      , ­
   () .   ­
       () 
.   ,  ,
     . ,   
    ,    ­
 ,  .

14.4. 
   —      
.       ­
      .  
 ,   ,  ­
    ,     .
         
  ,     ,  , ­
         .
,        ­
         —  ­
         ,
      .
        
  .

   191

14.5.  
1.        ­
     ,    ,
   ( h r t p : / / h e l p . yandex . r u / s e a r c h / ) ,  
( h t t e : ' ' / h e l p , rambler . r u / p r o j ccL . h t . m l ? s - s e a r ch),  Google ( h t t p : //www .
■'.r  ' <■'■•. r u /  u p p e r t / ?hl T U ) .
2.          
 " :    Google  Yandex" 
,    lit. t p : / / i t u a . i n f o / n e w s / 1. a b o r a t o r y / b t 2 5 .

3.   -      ­

    LPS (hi t p : / /www . l.ps . t u / ) .
4.          ,
AliSnbmitter,       
 . —   h t. t p : //www . w e b t o q a n a l y z e r . b i z / r u s /
■! 1 1 aahrni t" l o r . lit,ml.
5.    ,     ­
  ,    h t t p : //www . b e l . r u / s e r v i c e s / s c a t / .
6.     Links.Obgon —     ­
,    ,     ( h t t p : / /
.1.1 nkc . obgon . ru).
7.       
"         ­
 ",    h t t p : / / p 4 o m o s i - c e . r a / a r t i c l e s /
-/yaadex-qrant-2005.php.

192  14
  15
 


        


     (Plash, PDF,
DOC, XML)
 
3  

 ,     

,      
  (DOC, Flash  PDF).

,       ­

  .        
        ,
   .     ­
 ,         ­
   .
       
   ,      .
    ,     ­
     .
15.1.    
    
   ,   .    ­
        .
        ?
,  .    ,   ­
 ,       ­
 ,      
   ,   ,    
  .
       
    . ,  , ­
             
  ,       ,
      (..  ).
 ,   ,    ­
     .      ­
 .
        ­
 ,  ,    . 
       :
•    ;
•     .
         ­
.

   

     .
•    .    
  —      . 
  ,       
  .       ­
  ,    .      
         ,
  ,   . , -  
,   ""     .
•        usic  musi ­
 music   ,      
 .

194  15
 • ,         .
  .       ­
,      free    freee  frre.
       
   .
•         ,   ­
 ,     ,   ­
  . ,     
   .
•  "".    ,  
     ,   . 
,    s, q  z,   .    ­
 , ,   .
•       ,  ­
     ,   
   . ,     ­
,  ,   s   d.
 ,        ­
,        ­
, ..     .    ­
,    .
•          ,    ­
         
 .
•         ( 
   .
•        ,   
    ,    . 
,    , ..      
    ,      ­
     ,   .
    ,    ­
    .

   

        ­
        .
        
  .

   195

      ,   
 .          
,   ,  ,   ,  ­
     ,   .
   ,     "
":  .   
    49 612 ;      
    35 350 .
     , , 
  ,        , 
 .
,        3 347 771 , 
          —
11 315 .      — 
48 178  10 464 .
       ,  
  ,  -.    
:   .    
"    —    
 .
      :
,    '" (Volkswagen) ­
      .

    

         ­
    .
•       .
•    .
•    .
•    (   ).
•   ,    ­
      .
•        
        .

  ,   

      ,    
   ,  ,   , 
 , .. .

196  15
  ,         ­
 ,     .
        ­
     — .   
  .       ,
       .
     —  ,  ­
    .   .

 < t i t l e >

 ,      ,  ­
  ,   .    
       . 
   ,       ­
     . :
<tit1>   () —  
</title>
   ""     ,  
 .
 alt  < i m g >
  a l t  <img>    ­
      .  ­
,       ,  
  ,     a i t  
       .
 
        
    ,  d a w n l o a d - m u s i c . html
 .. ,      
     ,    6 " 
    ".
  
         ­
 —   .      ,    ­
          
  .     .
    , ""  ­
 ,     . , " 
  ,     ,   
  ,  ... //",  ..

   197

     ,    ­
   .,  usic.  HTML-: m<f o n t
c l a s s - " s p a c e " > & n b s p ; </' f o n t > u s i ,  s p a c e   
 CSS  : . s p a c e { E'ONT-SIZE : I p x ; t,  ,
   ""   "usic"    ­
 ,          ­
  .       
   : music.
        
   ,  "    
    ,   : /
 ,     
   .   
, "  " —   ,    ­
       ,   
         .

15.2.  

 (Flash, PDF, DOC  XML)
       
HTML-.    ,  
,   ,    ""  —
PDF, DOC  XML.      .
PDF (Portable Document Format).      ­
  1993   Adobe.     ­
        — Adobe Acrobat.
      — . PDF
       , ­
  .. PDF-     ­
 Adobe Acrobat Reader,    . 
  ,        ­
      —     
  .   PDF- 
      , ­
   ..,   ,  PDF   
    ( )
  .        
.
DOC  XLS.     MS Word  ­
  MS Excel,      
Microsoft Office.       -

198  15
 — , , ,   .   
        ­
  .
Flash.     Macromedia ( ­
  Adobe)    — 
,    ..   ­
      (plug-in).   
    ,    ­
        ­
  .
      ,  , ­
,    ..,   
,       
    .
   PDF-, DOC-  XLS- ­
      HTML-,   
   :    ,  ,
   ,    .
          
.  PDF-       
 ,   XLS-   ­
 .   :
•       ;
•      PDF-, DOC-  XLS- ­
  № ,         ­
    (     
    /    ­
    —    ­
  XLS);
•      , .. 
        
   ,   ;
•    ,  ,  t i t l e
( ),         .
     ,   ­
   .
     ,  
  SWF- (Flash-).   ,
 ,   Flash- —   ­
    Flash-.   Flash-

   199

    ,    
        ,
  Flash-    HTML-. 
 ,  ,     Flash
 ,      .
        -
'  HTML  FLASH       ­
 ,       (  
    )  Flash-.

15.3. 
   ,    , 
   .     , 
    ,    ­
 .        
 ,      "", "­
" .
    ,   . 
,           DOC-,
Flash-  XML-,       ­
 ,     HTML.
 ,      ­
     ,     
 . ,        ­
 ,        ­
      . 
,        ­
  ,  .
 ,      
  ,   - ,  .
 , ,       "",
  . ,    ­
     , ,  ­
,        — ­
   ,    
  .
     ,  
.     ,  ,    
         .   
 V—  ,    .

200  15
15.4.  
1.     : -     ­
 .,     Rambler 
 http : / / a d . r a m b l e r . r u / s w r d s / ,   .
    h t t p : / / w o r d s t a t . . yandex . r u / ,  
   Mail.ru    h t t p : / / s t a t . go . mai 1 . /.
2.          "  ­
  : gonzo- "   h t t p : //www.bus i n e s s a c a
demy.ru/news.php? id-8 8 3.
3.        " "  ­
 h t t p : //www.md-promoti or:. r u / p r o m o t i o n / v i rus . h t m l ,   
 ""  "" .

   201

  16
:
 

  ,   -

    
3    
  ,  
  ,  
   <noframes>,  -
    ,  
 
    
  
 
  

      ,     

    ,  
       
 .

      ,  

   —  ,  
       -
 . ""     — spam  index.
 ,   ,   . 
        , 
  .
"3.4.  ,   ­
  ,     
   ,   ­
      .
        
 (),          
.
      ­
 ,  ,    
     .
3.5.   " " —   ­
        
  ()   . , 
" ",     - ­
   .
    ,      
          .
      , ­
    .      
:    ,   
  (,   .);    ­
 "" ,    
    ;  
-      ,  
,    ;  ,
   ""   
,  ..        ".

,       ,  ­
         
, .
        ­
 ()   ,    
    ( ).
       ?  
 ,    ,    -
       .

204  16
16.1.  ,   -
          
.  ,     "" ­
,      ,  
       ­
    .
    —  ,    
        .  —  ­
 ,   —  ...
   ,  ,    
..  ,  ,   ,  ­
      ,   
    .    
  —      .
        
,   .  , ­
  ,       ­
.   ,    
     , —    
      ,     ­
,      , —   .  ­
 " "  —    ,  
     .
   ,      
.
       -
 <met a keywords content = "  cj70i3a"> ,  ­
  -.    1996-1998 . ­
   :
•    <meta keywords...>;
•       , 
 ,        .
,      ,  
   -   .
 ,    -   ""  
<meta keywords...>>,  "",      ­
      .     
     : , ,
, , , -, ...

:  205

  -     -,  ­
       ...  ,
     .  ­
 "",       ,  -
,,   ..
     .  
 -      
      .   ­
  —     .
         ­
  .     ­
       -   — ­
       ,   
  — .
        - 
   .     
  -, ..   ,  
,  .
       .

16.2.    

         ­
  .
•   .
•       —   ­
       .
•    ,     ­
 ,       ­
 .
 , , .    ,  ­
,     , ..  , ­
   .    
 " "       
  , ,       ­
 (.        ­
).          ­
.  ,   ,   
       .

206  16
       . 
,          ­
        
        .
  ,       ,
    , — ""  
 .  , ,   
       .
     ,   ­
,     .

16.3.    

         , ­
     ,   . 
    ,      
  .    
        .
         
    .      —
 .
     ,    "­
"     .     ­
     ,    
 .
,       , 
       .
         
       .,  ­
    ,   
  ,  " ". ,  ­
    .    
        ­
 ,      .
          (
     ),       (CSS)
      .   
        
 .      ­
          
   .

:   207

16.4.  ,  
""   , ,    ­
    ,      .
          ""
   ,     , ­
,     -  
   .
      ,   
   .    
   ,   .    
         , ­
   ,   —    
 .      
  —  ,   ( . doorway — ).
 ()       
   ,   
    .  ,   
   ,  ,    
      ,   ­
    .
        -
 .      
    ,     ­
    —     .
          ­
,          
    .       
   ,       
,  ,       .

16.5.  ,  

         ­
     .    ­
  ,     .
         ­
 — "".,     : 
 ,         ,   
  .  — .
 ,   .    
  (""     

208  16
,       ,   
  ,       ),   ­
  ,    . 
       .
        . -­
,        
   .   ,   ­
     ,     , 
  ?      :
"      ­
 ,  ,     
     ".
-,       
    ,       ­
   -.    ,  ­
   ""    .
    "", ""  ..  ­
,     ,       
 , .  ,   ­
   ( ,     ), ­
   ,   ,   .  
     ,  ,  ­
 ,  .
      .  
     ,   
 -    ,  , , ,   
         . 
    ,    
       ­
,   ,     
 .         ­
 .
         
   ,   .   ­
  -,  "" 
     .
         ­
 .   ,   ,  ­
     ,    ­
 .  ""   , 
       .

:  209

         ­
  —       (­
  .     ).
        
 ,    .     
  . ,       , "­
"     ,   .
        ,
        ­
.           
   .

16.6.  <noframes>,  -

 ""  ,   ­
 ,         .
          
    <f rame> ( ^ . , ; 
 "").          ­
     ()    
   .
 ,   ,  ­
   ,    .   
HTML    , <nof rames>,   
   ,      ­
 ,   .
    ,   
<nof rames>,   -    .
          ­
      ,  
  , ""      
<noframes>,       , 
        .
    - ( . bridge —
),   .  - , 
       <nof rames> 
 , —     ,     ­
    .

210  16
16.7.   ,  
    ,    ­
      — ,   (. swap —
, ;  "")      ­
 .
    .
•       
.
•         
  .
•         ,
   .
   ,      ,  ­
    ""   ­
,      .  
        ­
,      /  ­
.      ,   ­
,          
   ,       .
        , 
          ­
.  ,         
         .

16.8. 
 "" (cloaking)     "to cloak" —
, , , .
 —       ­
    ,    ­
   .   ""   
 ,      . ,
       
   . ,       ­
    -.   ­
- -  ,  
         .

:  211

      HTML   JavaScript
 .        ­
,    -.   ­
       : 
  ,    -  
   .     ,  
  —     ,   
   .
    ,   "", ­
   ,   ,  ­
 —     .    ­
    ,    
  ,      .
     ?   :
•   User-agent;
•  IP-,   .

  User-agent
User-agent (   .  ) —    ­
 ,        
     .   , 
,   User-agent —  ,    User-agent 
  .    ,   User-agent
     .
   User-agent —    ,  
    User-agent,       ­
      .
    User-agent    :
• Mozi11/. ( c o m p a t i b l e ; G o o g l e b o t / 2 . 1 ; +http://www.google.
c o m / b o t . htm].)
• Yandex/1.01.001 (compatible; Winl6; I)
• Mozilla/j.O ( c o m p a t i b l e ; Yahoo! Slurp; http://help.yahoo .
c o m / h e l p / u s / y c e a r c h / s 1 u r p)
 ,   " " 
  ,     .   
  ( ).       User-
agent ,  ,    ­
 .         ,
      ,  ­
  .

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     "".   , 
       
        ,
..     User-agent   .  
     "" ,
       .
  User-agent       ­
  "  ".

  IP-
      ,   ­
 IP- ,   .
 ,   ,  IP- 
 .    ( ) ­
 ,      
-   .     
        -,  ,
    -,   .
        .
       -
 ( ,    
 )    . ,   ­
 ,  -   ,  ­
  ,  WebWarper.net.
 ,  ,  ­
        ( 
    ).    
    ,     , , ­
 ,    .   
      ,    ­
    .

 
       ­
 :       IP-­
,       User-agent.
      ,   ­
         

' IP  —       

    0  255,  ,  213
:  213
  ,  ,  .   
 :
•      ,    ­
  ;
•        ­
   ;
•   ,    
 ,   .
    ,   ,  ­
,          
.     ,    
     .
  ,       
    . ,    
 GoogleBot (  Google),  ,  ­
       ,    ­
      ,    
 .

16.9.    

    ,   ,
        .
      , ­
,  ,      ­
- .    -  ­
    ,     ,
    - .
   .       
,   ,     , ­
       ,   ­
 10-30 .          ­
      ,    
 ,   ,    
   .    ,   
   . ,   ,  ­
    ,  ,  
 ,      .
         —
     .    
  ,   ,   . 

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    ,   
 , ..  ,   .
          ­
       
,     .
      "": ­
 ,  ,   , ­
    ..
        
     , ""  .  "­
"         
  .    ,   
       .
  "",      
  , ,  -,  
   ,  ,  ,  , ­
...         .  
 —        
     ,  
 .     ,    
-   .
        ­
 ,     ,    ­
      ,   
.  ,     
   .  —   ­
        .
 -        
   .     ­
,   ,   ­
   .

16.10.  

 ,    ,    ­
     :  , 
,       .
        
   ,     
,  ,        ­
 . ,        ­
    ,     -

':  215

      ,  ­
   ,       .
  — ,      
   .
      ""
 —    ,     ­
.    -   
.       "".  
      ,  
  -,      , ,
   , ,    ,  , 
"" ,    (-  ­
),    ..
 ,   ""   
 ,       —  ­
        , 
  .
     ,    
    —  ,    ­
 .    ,   
  .     , ,  
 ,      .
        ,  ­
    ,  ,     (,
),    ,   , — . 
      ,   ,  ­
   ,   , 
,       .
        ­
      ""
.       ,  
      ,  
           ­
 .

16.11. 
         
      .
•  ,        ­
 ,        ,
  ,       .

216  16
 •      , 
  ""      .
•       , 
  . SEO-  , ­
      ; --
      ; -
       /   
"" ;    
         ­
.   ,    ­
    .
      ­
      , 
    : " ..
 ...      , ­
        ".
 ,    ,   ,
  ,     . ­
       "  " 
      —   ,
 .      ­
,       .
           ­
       ""
    .    ­
,   "", "",   - ­
  ,     ..
  ,    ,   
  ,      
     .
        ­
.          
    ,  ,    ­
,     .    
   ,    
,      .
       , 
         ­
   .       ­
   —   .      
 .

:   217

16.12.  
1.    "    " (  )
    h t t p : / /www . k i u b o k . n e t / i n d e x . php?rnoolo.l e - t ' • odRc-:v
low.os t'unc = s h u w c o n t e n t & i d--18 - i ,    "" ­
  .
2.          
     " " "  
h:: top : ; /'www . i b u s i    ? . i u / p r o i o c r . / i n t i - r / / 9 3 2 ' / / .
3.  2 0 0 3       "
",       
 .     ,     
     ""  h t r : / j o . i i .

4.    h t t . p : .' / www . o p t . i m i z a I : on . t ,' s;ib:i,: t: i b o / s c :: e e n s /

( o : . b - ; ; p ' = e c h e s .■;- :i p ,      
 " "   "   2 0 0 6 " .
5.     " Google  ", ­
   h t t p : / /www . q o o q I e . r u / s u p p o r t / w e b m a o t e t : / i . o . n / a :iswer .
p y T d i n s w e r - - ' 3 5 7 6 9 ,      .

218  16
  17
 

    () 

    
      
   
   
    
 
  

        — 

       
.

  ,   , ­

          ­
      .     ,
    .
           
     ,      
    .     
 .

17.1.    () 

  —       ­
        . ­
   .
 •          ,
      ,   
   .
9 ,  ,     ­
   ,    , 
          
  :
  .  "-".   / www.business-
voyage.ru".
       — ­
         ,  ­
     .
 ,       
   .      -
.      "contextus" (,
),   ""    ­
      ,    ­
  .
        
  ,     ,
-,      
 .
  (   "")   ­
      —    ­
.      ,  ­
        
   .  -     — 
  " "    .
       ­
         ­
.
     . , 
 Google Ad Words.  ,      
  : Aport,    .  ­
  ],  Yahoo! Search Marketing ( Overture).

17.2.    

       
   :       ­
  .     -

220  17
    , ""   
.      ­
  .17.1.

 17.1.      

     
 (   )
.      
    *  
 ***
Google AdWords    *  
 ****
Rorer     
     
**     
     
*       ,    .
* *       .
* * *  —  
* * * *            .

   . 17.1,     ­

    .   
      —  ­
. ,     ,
    .
     . -,   — ­
  ,       .
     . -, Rorer,
      
(240 400)     ,     .
 ,      ,   ­
         ,  ­
  .

17.3.      

        ­
  :
•  ;
•  ;
•    .

  221

      ,    ­
   ,   .     25 
80 ,  —  75  255 .
      ,  ­
    .
      
HTML-.     ,  , 
 -.
        ­
  :    ,   ­
     .     ­
 ,   ( ) .   ­
         
   .
  ,    ,    
         .   
     ,   ,
    .   ­
 — ,         
     -.
    :   —
Sony, Panasonic;   — Mercedes, BMW;  ­
 —- , , ;   — Nokia, Motorola  .
   ,  ,  ­
   .     ­
 () ,       , ­
, ,    ..
,         
 :     .  - — www.mysite.
ru.        , 
     .

17.4.   

        — ­
 ,        ­
.   .

  

      
   ,      ­
  ,   .,  -

222  17
      "  ", 
        ,      
     ,   ,    
   -  ..

 
      
 ,       
 ()       ­
.,    " "   ­
    ,   ,  
 ..,           ,  
  .

 
       
  .      ­
   ,     , 
.       
      . ,   ­
 " ",       
 ,    ,   
       .

-
 - ( -)   ­
     . , 
     ,    ­
 ""  "",    ,    ­
  .        ­
 " "  " ".   
 -,    —  . ,  
,        -
(-).        ­
,  ,     ""  "".
 
       ,
        ,    
   .     
    ,   ­
         ,   

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 ,     , ­
,    . ,    
  "-",    
    -, windows   ..
       , ­
  ,   ,   ­
 ,     .  
         ,
  ,   .
 
    ,  , ­
    , .. ,    
     .    ­
   ,   . ,
   ,     " "
         ( ),
     ( )  ..   
,       — "",
"", "", "", "", ""  ..

  

     .
   ()
 (cost per millennium —   ).   
     .   ­
  ,   ,        
,   , ..   .
   ()
 (pay per click —       ­
), ..      .   ­
   .   
    ,    ­
        . 
    .
 ,    {, CTR — 
        , %) 
  (   0,5% ),    
       .
'  .     ""  
  eo.iHUH.na     (cost per transaction — 
/.

224  17
       ,  ­
  ,    . ­
 ,  ,      ­
   (   . ,  Google AdWords,
). ,     ,  ­
    .      
 ,      , —    
  ,   .
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Featured Listing —    .  
   .   
,     30, 90 , , .  ­
  ,   .

    

      
      {   )
 ,  ,     .   
    .  
       ­
      .
      ""  ­
   ,         ­
  .


 "target"       . --
  ""   .  
       — ­
, , -  .
 ,       ­
 ,        ­
   ,    
     .
 
  () —    
  ,     ­
  — , , , , ­
, —    .
 ,   ,  IP-, 
    -.   IP-

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  ,     . 
       :
   .        .
       .
      ­
  . ,    ­
      .    
   (,    ), 
        -
    .
      
    ,      ­
,   - -    .
 
      
- —       ­
.       , 
   ,     ­
 .        , ­
  .      ­
.
   
,      , ­
  .     
      , 
   ,   ,   .
,   ,     ­
-  .   -­
      .

-    

  , -     ­
 ,   ,    ­
 .       
  ' ":   , ­
 ,   ,    .
     ,    ­
     .
  ,    -
 ,   .   

226  17
,         ,   ­
 -     .
  -      
 .

17.5.   

        .
•  .   , , ­
.     ,    
   .
•    .   
 ,      
   .
•  .  .  ,   
,       
: ,   , ,   ..
       
.

  —  

      ,   ­
.     .
•   ,     
  ,    .
•     ,      ­
.
•       
.
 ,    ;
•   ;
•      ;
•   (,   , ICQ, ­
  ),     
        ;
•     —   ­
  ,   , , ­
  .

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  —   
        1 '
    ".     
    ,      
        .
     ,   ­
 .   ,     
,  />   ,       .. —  - 
   -.     
.
          ­
 ,    . ,    ­
,     " "  " ­
".    , 
    -      ­
 .,     , 
  ,   ,  
        ­
 ,    •—  ,   
  ,       ­
  .
     (   
.).
• ,  - - —     
,   ,   
  .  ,    
,    (  -
)    (  ),
•   - - - - -
- - - - —     
   -  ,   
,     .
      ,  
 ,   . ,    ,
      ,   :
• "+!*+!''
•  "++!*+!*+!*+!*+!*+!*+!
+! *+!*+' *

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     ,    ­
        ,  (*),
 - —  .
     Google AdWords    
  .       ­
 -    ,    ­
        .

  —   

   ()  ­
      ,   
-.       
  , CTR (Click Through Rate —  ­
        ),  ­
        , ROI
(Return on Investment —    ).
        ­
 .     ,  
       .
   , , :
•   —  ,  ...
•    —  (, , ,
  ..),  (, , , 
 ..),  (,,  ,   ..)...
•   — , ,  ...
•   —     1 .  ,   ­
  2 .  ...
•   —  ,  ,  ...
•   —   ,   -, 
 ...
  .
        
     ,  
   .

  —  ,   

      . 
        ,  
   .     
  .

  229

  .    
        : 
     ?    ?
    .   
   ,    ,  ,
  ,  ,     
 .      , 
    ,      , 
  ,   .
    . ,    
      .    , 
   ?   ,    
 ,    .
   .       
 ,  ,     ­
 .  ? ?   ?  
   ?       ­
  ?        ­
  ?     —  ,  
  ?

  —     

  —   ,  
            
.        .
 — ,     
.         ­
.     —   ­
   .
      ,     .
       
 ,      ­
    .     ­
 —    .
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  ,          
,      .     
{ ,        . J

        

 ,       :
   ,      ­
 (   ).  ,   

230  17
  -.   ,
      .
•  : "   ?", "   ?",
"  700 ?"
•  : "  ", "   ",
"  ".
•  : " ", " ", " ­
 ".
•  : " 1273    ",
"99%   ", "  ".
•  : "5000  ", "
-", "25- ".
• : ",  ", "  ".
       ,   ­
 .     ,      ­
   ,       
   .
       .
  ,      ,    — ­
    (    ­
   70-80   ).
     
 .          ­
    .
     .    
    . , 
    ,   .
     
    "  " (), ­
 "  " ().
 .       ­
  ,   " !", " ­
", "  5 ...".   ,   
   .
   .  ,   
 .       ­
      .   ­
,         , 
      .

  231

  .   ,  
 .  ""  " ", ­
 "'" — " ",  "" — "  "
(,      ).
    ,      ­
 ,   ,     . 
      ,     
    "  ",  ,
 "  ".
         
 ,      ,  , . ,
      ,   ­
    .
   .    
 ,      
 ,  ,       ,  
,   -  ,    — ­
 .      " -
 ?"
    —    ,  "
 ".   —    
,       , ­
     ,    , ­
  .
     .  
,   .     , 
     .  " ­
"  " ",  "  ,   
!"  " ,  !"
    .       
 .          
    .     ­
      .
  .        
.       ,   
 .       
,    .
   .   , 
      ,    , ­
  .  ,    ­
      , 
 .

232  17
  —     
      
   ,  , ,  ­
   ,    .
      —   
     .  
       ,   
      .
     . 
        , ­
         .
,      .   
         
  
      .
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   .       ­
     -, , ­
 ,   .      , 
   ,       .
          ­
 ,    ,     , 
,     , ,  .
      -­
.    .

     .   

    ,    .
J
 - —— J
       —  
.   —    ,  
, ..  .
     ,   "­
" ,  .
  .      ­
   .    ,  
 ?       ­
?    ,   ,  ­
  ?

  233

  ,  ,     ,
     .    ­
,      .
   ,   , — ­
      .   ,  
   ,       
     .
  .     
        ­
 .
   ,    ,  
   ,    ,   .
   ,    ,   
  ,      ,   
   .
,     : "    ­
 ?"        
 ,        , ­
     .     ­
  ,      , ­
  .17.2.

 17.2.   

    ,  

    ,   
  
         -
  
    
       
     

 ,      . 

     .  ,  
     ,    
,    ,  .
     .  1961    
    ,     
         
 ().

234  17
         
       ,  ­
      ,  .  
   "         ­
 ?"          .
         
.
•       .   ­
: "  ,       ".
•    ,      
  .
•     ,    ­
     .
       . 
 ,        . 
,  .    ,   . 
   - ,     ?  
  "", ,    .
    ,    .  
-      .  ­
 .
•    ?
•     -,    ­
       14 ,    -
      ?
•     ,    
 ?
•   -    ,  ­
   ?
•       ,    
?
•       ?
•           
   ?
•       ?
•     ?

  235

 ,  ,    ,  
   ,     ,  ­
     .
 .     Wal-Mart, ­
    .   , 
     .    
     ?
       , 
 Wal-Mart. ,  ,  Wal-Mart ­
 ,      , "­
"  "".  ,   
  Wal-Mart     ,   ­
.
 —   .      
 ?    W e b O r o d i b i l i ty . o r g 
 .
•    ,   
 .    -,     
   ,    
 ,  ,  ,  
 .      ,
     .
• ,        
    .    - 
 .,      ­
,     (  , 
;    ),    
 -  ( )   ­
    .
•   .      
 ,   ,        
.      ,   ­
.         .
•      
.         . 
,  ,    —     
   ,   .  ,  
      .
•   .    
    ,  .

236  17
 •   ,  ,  , 
        ­
.      .    
    , , ,    ­
  .
•  .  ,   
 ,  : "    , ­
  ?".  .  30, 60, 90  ­
  .   
,    .
•        
,      .  
,     ,   ,
    -, .
  . ,     
      ,  
   .  ,  ­
        ,   
,    .     ?
      . 
   ,    , ..    ­
    .
•   ,     !
•    ,  !
•    !
•   !
     . ­
   ,       ­
   ! ,      ?
, ,      . ,  , ­
    ,     .   ­
       .
  .  ,  ­
      ,   
.   ,   ,  
 .       .
  ,   .

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 •        ­
.,       ­
 ,       , ­
   .
•   ,        
.
•      ,   ­
 ,      (VISA, MasterCard).
       .
•         ­
.    ,     ,
     .
•       ,   ­
 ,     .
•    ,      .
    ,     .
    .
•  ,    ,   .
         ?
 ,  ? ,     ­
 ,          
  .
   .  ,    
      .     
  ,  , -  .    
    ,  .
        
,  ,   .   , ­
     .     ­
  .
•     ?
•    ?
•      ?
•     ?
•     ?
•       ? ( , ­
      ,    
  .)

238  17
 •     ?
•   -   ?
 ,    ,  .  
 ,       ,  
     ,  - .
    ,      ­
       .  
  ,     . ,
         .
   ,      ­
  , — ,     ­
      - ,  
  .  ,    -
 , ,  .     .  
    .   ,  
  ,    ,       
 ,     .
, ,     .   ,
 ?  ,    ?

17.6.   

"  ,      ,  
 ,  ".  XIX    ­
  .
,   ,  ,   ­
 ,     :    
.      ,   ­
 ,      ­
     ().
   —    
 ,   ,    
. ,    5 % ,  ,   
       .   
 ,   ,     .
  ,     ­
   ( )  ,    
 ,    .,   ­
,   ,   "",  
.     —100 .     ­
 — 0,25 .      50 .,   

  239

   200 .   150 ., ..  ,
  ,     , ­
       "",    75 .
         , 
        , 350 . ­
,  1,75 .   .
 ,     — ­
      , 
/   (,  , )  ­
    .
    :
•        ;
•     ()     (
    ).

 ,   

   
      ­
 ,   ,      
 .      .
•   —   ,    
 ,      .  
          
 .
•   —  .  ---   
,    . , h t t p : / / w w w .
 ;,  s i l . u/1 . htm] ? f  --id,  ? from--id — ; id — ­
 .     ­
     . ,     ­
, ,    ht-tp : //www . :s i t-. r u / 1 .
htir.iV t rom----begun,   ,   
     .  http:.-/www.
you r s i tie . u / 1 . html ?f rom^di r e c t  ,   
        .
   h t t p : / / w w w . y o - u r s i . t e . r u / ] . h t m 1? i ronr-ada  ­
,       .
•           
.  ""   
       ­
.      ,  ­
 ,      .

240  17
 ,   
      —  ­
 .  ,    , ­
 , ..   .     
   .
         
 . ,  -  
  .    , 
   ,    e-mail, 
    ,    ,  ­
     ,     
 .     ,   ­
 .
      .  , 
         , 
  ,   ,      
    .     , 
,  ,      , ­
, ,   ..      (  )
.      - ­
    ,     .
 ,    .
,     (  
 ,  ..)   100 .   200.
  50       ; 30 —  ;
20 —-  Google; 20 —     ; 40 —   ­
   40 ---    ..  ­
 ,   ""      ­
  .      , 
"''   ,    
 .   , ­
,    ,    ­
  .
     .   ­
       ,    (   ­
)  -,         
  .        ?
     . 
    ,    , , ­
     ..     ,
     . 17.3.

  241

 17,3.   

№     

    

  :
•   —    ;
•   —   ,    , ­
     .;
•   -- ,    ­
   ;  , , ­
   - ,  , 
  -   ..;
•   —  , :  ­
,  ,     .
•   — ,  , : ,
  ,   (),  
  .
       
  ,      .

17.7. 
     ­
,         
.   —       
   .    
 ,       ­
.   ,       , ­
.
    ,   ­
    -.
       ­
    ,      
-     
      .

242  17
17.8.  
1. " " —        
  h L t p : / / a d v e r t i s i ng . yandex . r u / k u p i s l o v a . xml.
2.     -    
( ,      ).  h t t p : //www.begun .
r u / —       - .
3.   h t t p : //www . goog] e . r u / i r : t l / r u / a d s /    ­
 Google   :     AdWords
 -  AdSence.
4.     " :   ­
",    h t t p : / / a d v . yandex . r u / t i p s - t r i c k s 2 .xml, 
     .
5.    "'   ­
   . "(.£.: / / w w w . w e b p r o j e c t s . r u / r e s e a r c h /
y a d i r e c t /1 /)   —  .
6.    " " ( h t t p : / / a d v e r t . a r t o r i . r u / t e x t /
2 0 0 6 0 6 c o n t e x t r e s e a r c h . s h t m l )      ­
  ,      
.
7.     iConText    (h t t p : / /www . i con­
t e x t . r u /    / ) ,       .
8.      ,      , ­
    ",  ,      ­
",    h t t p : / / w w w . w e b p r o j e c t s . r u / p u b l i c a t i o n s / u s
a b i l i t  / 5 / (  ).

  243



,   ,       
    "      ",
 ,  ,     ­
,     ,   .
  ,         
 "" .   —    , 
   ,    , 
   ,  ,    ­
     .
       .
     ,  , ­
,      ,   — ­
   .     
  , ,  .   
       .
       
    .   ,   
     ,   ­
      —    .
    ,     ­
  "" ,    ,  
   .    ­
       .  ­
     ,     
.  ,    " ", 
 .
    "  "     ­
 ,      ,
   ,  ""  "".
        ­
  ,  ,     -
  ,          
 .
     ,     
 :     ,    , 
   .  .
   ,     ­
   .    ,  
    ,     . 
,      
  —     .
 !

246 
  
  

   
  
  
     
    
  
 
  

    ?   

? ,    ? 
        
   .

.1.   

       
: robots, web bots, crawlers, spiders;     ­
   — ,   — .
  www. r o b o t s t x t . org    :
"- — ,   ­
 WWW,     ".
     — , ..   ,
         
  ..
.2.  
       (  ­
,   -     ­
).
      User-agent  -, 
  ,       .
,    Yandex,  —
StackRambler,  Yahoo! — Slurp  ..   ,
    ,   ­
       User-agent.
  ,   User-agent    ­
:  ,       ­
.        Google (. )
Mozilla/!: .0 (compel j b l e ; Goog 1 ebot/- ; :. i ; ^ht tpr //wrrw.gcxi'gle .com/tot . h.t.rc)l .'
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    

. .     Google

..  

    1990-,    , ­
  -,   ,    ­
    -,    , - ,
          .
    -   ­
       ,    ­
       ,    .
 1994     r o b o t s . t x t ,  
       
   .       6 " 
     ".
 ,    ,    ­
,     .  ­
      ,     
-  1990-.     T-Rex, 
   Lycos? ,  ,    ­
.    Scooter —   Altavista? !  
 2002      .
          
    "compatible; W i n l 6 ; "    ­
    -.

248  
.4.     
     ?
      ,   
 .    ,  :
•     ;
•  ;
•  ;
•     ;
•       
;
•      (,   
RSSnAtom).
      .  
     .   
  User-agent.
1. Y a n d e x / 1 . 0 1 . 0 0 1 (compatible; Win 1 6 ; I) — ­
 .
2. Y a n d e x / 1 . 0 1 . 0 0 1 ( c o m p a t i b l e ; Win 16; P) — .
3. Y a n d e x / 1 . 0 1 . 0 0 1 ( c o m p a t i b l e ; Win 1 6 ; H) —, 
 .
4. Y a n d e x / 1 . 0 3 . 0 0 3 ( c o m p a t i b l e ; Win 1 6 ; D) —, 
       " URL".
5. Y a n d e x / 1 . 0 3 . 0 0 0 ( c o m p a t i b l e ; Win 16; ) — , 
     " ".
6. Y a n d e x B l o g / 0 . 9 9 . 1 0 1 ( c o m p a t i b l e ; DOS3.30; M o z i l l a / 5 . 0 ; ;
r o b o t ) — ,  xml-    .
7. Y a n d e x S o m e t h i n g / 1 .  — ,    ­
.  r o b o t s . t x t     
 ,      — "
",     ,   ­
 .
1. Y a n d e x / 2 . 0 1 . 0 0 0 ( c o m p a t i b l e ; Win 1 6 ; D y a t e l ; ) — "-
"..      
,    .     , 
   .
2. Y a n d e x / 2 . 0 1 . 0 0 0 ( c o m p a t i b l e ; Win 16; D y a t e l ; Z ) — "-
"..     
 .

   249

 3. Y a n d e x / 2 . 0 1 . 0 0 0 ( c o m p a t i b l e ; Win 16; D y a t e l ; D) —"-
" ..      
  .
 -    — ,  ,
        ­
  .       .
         
   .      ­
       . 
       
   .       
""   .

.5.    

         ­
?
1..   ""   ­
    r o b o t s . t x t    .
2.  .      
  ,     , 
  .      
       ­
,       CSS, ,
. Zip-  ..      ­
  PDF, Rich Text, MS Word, MS Excel   .
3. .      
 ,        Referer — 
,   ;     ­
,  ,   ,       
     .
4. .      . 
          
.       ,
    r o b o t s . t x t ,    ­
 ,   .
   HTML-   ,   ,  ­
    ,     ­
   .
1.     "  "  ­
    . .2.

250  
 2.    ,       ,  
   () ,   . .,
3.     ,      
      ,   . .4.
 ,   ,   
   HTML- ,      
.

.6. 
         
?
    ,  1994      
       .  ­
        ,   
    ,      
  ,     ,  
 ,          ­
 -     IP-,   "­
"    .
       ,
 ,     .
    !: i s . lx!_    -
r o b o t s     6 "     ­
 ".
     ..",. t x t ,    ­
,        ­
  . ,    >: w I - d e Id   
     
    Yahoo!  MSN,      ■ t 
      .    
   r o b o t s . t x i   ,  
        
,     ,   .
      , ,
   Google      ,
      .

252  
.7. 
 —        .
     " ",   ­
  —  "" ,    --•  "",  ­
  .
       "",  
 ,      — ­
,    .

.8.  

1.         
 .         ­
.           
 h r.tp : / / w e b m a s t e r . yandex . r u / f aq . xmi? i d=502 4 9 9.
2.  "     "   
 h.ttp : //www. ramb.1 e r . r u / d o c / r o b o t s . s h t m l .
3.    ,      
Google-,    ht.t.p : //www . g o o g l e . r u / s a p p c r t / b i n / t o p i c .
py? top i c = J 6 5 .

254  
  
 
  


     , 

 .   —  
      
     
  .     
  .
      

 (update).      ,   ­

         
.
 (, ).  ;  . ban — .
        ,
           .  
      ,      ­
 ,       . 
  ,       ­
       .
 (browser).   -. ,  
       
 (HTML, XML  .).       URL 
          -.
.    () ,  ,
  ,    .  
   .     . 
,        .
  ().  ,     ­
           .
     ,   
   ,       ­
.         , ­
   .
 ()..  . doorway —  , .   , 
  .
. ,  —       
 . . .
 .  30    .
.    ,    .
        .  ­
 ,   -,     
 -,  .      
   .      
  .
.           .
          .
 ( ).  "" ,    ­
        ,   ­
 .    ,  , ­
   ,   ,  
,    .       .
 . ,       
.     
  — JavaScript  VBScript.
 (click, ).         
 .
 (cloaking, ).   . to cloak (). 
 -,  ,    ,  
,    — .    
IP-       .  
 ,        ,
    .   ­
       " "    ­
   .
. ,     ,
  ,   .    ­
     , ..    ,

256  
        ,   
,     .
  ( ). ,    
    .    
 ,       , 
  . CTR      0 , 5 - 5 % , 
   30-40% .      ­
  .
.    — , , ,   
.
-. . link checker.   -   ­
 .
-.    ,    ­
,      .    -
Keywords  D e s c r i p t i o n .     ,  ­
 ,   —   . - —  ­
,        -
   .
.       ,   ­
           ­
          ()   ­
.,  ,   :    (
 /).      
,           ,
""  ..    ,  ­
      .
  ( ,  ,  ). 
       .
.,  —  .
 (, , SEO-).   , ­
    .
 ( ,  ,  , ,
SEO, search engine optimization).        
           
.
 .        ­
        (  
),        .
-.       
"" .
  (). ,      
   .      ­
.

      257

 ("").   ( ­
 )    (, )  ,   
    ,      
            ­
.
  ( , , , SE, search engine).
- ,    
      ,   ,
      ,   ( 
 ).
  (""). ,     ­
            
.        ­
 .          
 r o b o t s . t x t ,     .
  ().      ­
        .  ­
    ,   ;   
,    —    ,   
       .
 (, ).   .      ­
,        ,
  ,   . 
  , ..   , ­
    .
 . .    ,    ­
      .
 (, SEO-, ).   , ­
    .
 . ,       
  < href-''  ">.    ­
         .
..      Rambler.
 ().       , ­
  ,       ­
 ().
. . redirect — .    , ­
        
, ,    .
  (SERP, search engine result page, ,  , ­
 ,  ,  ,  ).
,         
      , ,   ­
  ,   ( ).

258  
.  . relevant — ,   . ­
   ,    .
. .  ,     ­
 ,     .      
.           ­
    ,      
   .         ,
  , , ,   (,   ..),
   ,   ,      , —
,  ,  ,  .
 (submitter, , ).  . submit — . 
 -,        ­
,  ,     .
. -,     ­
,     .
  ( ,  ).  ­
 ,        .
. ,    .    ­
  IP-   cookie.      ­
      .    
       , 
.
  ("").    , 
   .
. . script — . ,   
       (-, Perl-  .) 
   (JavaScript  .).    ­
,     -  .
.     ,     
(..    ,   )
    , , " —> , , , ,
, ...", " —> , "  ..).    
   —      80-100 .
.  . snippet — , , .   -­
,     .  
    .   
       .
,. .  .
 (,  ). ,    
        ()  ().
 (). .  , ­
  ,    .
.  . link popularity.   , 
        "-

      259

 "  —         ,  
 ,    .    ­
,    , — PageRank (Google),
 (),  ().  ,     ­
      ,  
   .
-.   ,    : , ­
,   ..  ,      ­
 ,         
.     -    ­
.          -.
 -         
'  ,  http, www, .com.
.  .   , 
    ,   ,  
.   .
 ( ).   <t i . 1>.    
          ­
   .
  ().  ,    
   ()      
     (,    ..).
 . h t a c c e s s . ,     - Apache  ­
  
. -,   .   
 ,     -, — 
     ,       ­
.       ;   
   ,  -   
     .
.    .      —
  - (  . h t m l , . php, . c q i , .   ..), ,
 ,   ,  , ­
   ..
.'- ,   -   ­
      (,).   ­
      (      
IP ),     ( IP-    ­
,  ,  -,     
   ,        )
     (    ,
-,    dialup-).
..    "usability".    .
 ()..      .

260  
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets —   ).  
()       -.
Cookie (, ). ,    ( ­
    -),   .
 ,     ,  
    ,  .
CTR. (Click-Through-Ratio).       ­
     .   .
Flash ().      (), 
 Macromedia,        ­
   Flash.       (­
     ),    .. ,
   Flash,    ,    
 .
HTML (HyperText Markup Language —   ).  ­
      - : ,
, ,   ..
HTTP. ,   ""  (,   
)        .     
        HTTP .
HTTP-.  ,     -.
,    ,   , ­
  ,    ,  ..
PageRank (PR, ).  "" ,    ­
 ""  .
Pay-per-Click,  ().  .     
,    , ..  . -  ­
    ,     , 
    -,  ­
  .       ­
  -.
SEO (Search Engines Optimization).       ­
       .
SERP () (Search Engine Result Page).  .   ­
,      .
Type-in .     ,     
   URL .
URL (Uniform Resource Locator —  - - 
-  -).
Usability.   .

      261

 
1.  ,    , ­
    .     h t t p : / / w i k i . searcher*
g i. nes . r u / .
2.            ­
     h t t p : //www. seoman . ru/FAQ/.
3.     ,    93 
     Google,    
( h t t p : // . s e o t e x t . r u / s e o / 2 3 2 / ) .
4.   "- ",  . ,
. . ,      h t t p : / / t e r m s .
yandex . r u / ,  ,      .
5.        "  
 ",    h t t p : / / w w w . a s h m a n o v . c o m / p a p / s t y . l e . p h t n i l ,
         .

262  
  
   

      

        
   
  

      

      ,    
     ().

  , -,     

      :  ­
     "",   ­
 -     , 
  .
       
       ,
      .   ­
    .
    :  ,  ­
 ,  "     ",  ­
        
.    ,   
    :    
 .     - ­
    .
 ,  —  .    
       .
    ,    ­
  "  ", "  ", "  ", " !" 
.         —  ­
     ,     ­
 .
   :      -
 .  " ",  , , .
           ­
,   "".
         ­
 .
•    ?
•     ?
•      ?

.1.     

      , 
,       : 
      .
     .
•      .
•     .
•    (  ).
•     ,    
 ,     .

   ?

    

          ­
 :   ,   , "­
 ",       (­
 )...      
       
  .
         ­
  :       ­
        .

264  
  ,        
       .   ­
       ,   ­
   .  ­
          
    .
   r o b o t s . t x t ,    ­
 .           ­
,    ?
  .   :    ""
    :
http://www.site.ru/news/1234 I

 12 34 5 —      ,   

    
http://www.site.r/news/12345/print/

         r o b o t s .

t x t ,     ,    ­
     . , ,  -
     ,     ­
,   -,     
     ,   .
   ,        
   :
http://www.site.ru/print/1234 5/

            ­
      r o b o t s . t x t .
     ,     
 ,    ,  .

   

         ,
          ­
,          -
 (    ).
   -   —   , — 
        ,   ­
         -  
        
.

    265

  ,        ­
      .  
         ,     
 .
 ,  ,    .    ­
 -     .    ­
           
 —     !
   ,     ,  , 
  ,  .   ­
 ,    .

RSS-
         ­
 ,  RSS- .  RSS-  
   ,      
   -,       -
-, . ( h t t p : / / n e w s . y a n d e x . r u ) , 
( h t t p : / / w w w . n o v o t e k a . r u )  .
       
         ­
  -,      ­
   .
      RSS-    ­
 ,         ­
  RSS. ,       
RSS-,         ­
       ,  ..
  ,  RSS-   ­
       Google  Yahoo.
  ,     :
•     ;
•   ""  ;

' RSS  (RSS ) —     
  .  RSS     
,        
      
       .
2
  —,    
  , , ,  
,      .

266  
 •        ­
  .
     ,    
:    ,   ­
,      .     
      
,        
     ,    , 
 ,   .

.2.      

    ,     .   ,
        , 
 ,  ,  . ,  ,  ­
         ­
 -     -,    
  .
      :   ­
   -.   , 
      ,     , 
   .      ­
 :       Google  —  
 —         , ­
     .
 ,   —  .  "­
"         ­
  :     .
      ,
            
  .      
 ,    —    .
 ,   ,   
 ,     ,   ­
      .  
   ,  
 (  )     ().  ­
       ,   
. ,       ­
       .

    267

           3  7%
,      
.
       ,  ­
 ,         ­
 . ,        
 ,       .
      ,   ­
         
          .
  ,     ­
        
 (  ).
         
 ,   ,      ­
,      .   ­
  :        ,
  -  ,    ­
 ,  ,   .      
   ,     .
     .
  .     ­
    .       ­
 .   ,    ,  ,
      .  ­
  ,    .
    . ,  
,   "  —   ­
" ,      "
  ".
        ­
 ;     — ,
;    —     , , 
 -,     ;  
  —   .
 ,         
.        
 ,   ,    -    
         , .. -
           ,  
    .

268  
   ,  ,   (,
  ..)  ,       ,
      .
    , , , 
         ,  REX 2005,
MAPIC 2003. (    
  .)
   "".   ­
 ,       ­
.  ,         ­
,   " "  . 
        ,
         
    .
      ,  
 "  ".  2006 , ,   
  ""     
.    ,  ,    ­
     .      ­
 .
    .   
 -  —   —  ,
, ,  ,    .. , ­
  ,     ­
 . ,  ,    
   ..   —  ­
  .     —  ­
   ,  ""  .
   .   ,  ­
     .    
.       ,   ­
 .        .
,       "  ",
"  "  " "  . ,  ­
,          
.
      ,   ­
 ,  -    .  ­
, ,       .
   ,     , ­
        ,   
     Word Tracker.

   269

    — .     , 
     .    
    .

..   

     ,   ­
   .   ,  
         
   .,      ­
  ,       ­
-,      
  —      2. , 
        . 
  —      .
      "" 
"" (     -) —  ­
   ""  ,    ­
      .
,      : 
 -    
        .
      ,  
      ,     
,    .    
 ,   ,      ­
,   ,       
.    ,   
   ,      . 
    ,  
  ,     .
       ­
  ,    -,   ­
,     .
      —  
,  ,   ,  ,    ..,  ­
     .   
   —  .   ­
,      ,     
   .
     
   ,  " ",  

270  
 ,       .
,    " "    , 
 ,   ,    
  .    -
        , 
         ­
    .
        ­
    .    ,
         , 
    ..   —   ­
 ,   .
         ­
, ,  ,        ­
,    .    ,  
    , ,     ­
 .
        ,
      :     ,
 a l t     .   ­
  - ""      ­
 . ,       
 -.

.4.  

1.     "      ­
 "       
.        h t t p : //www.promo-techart.
ru/analysis/sibmaster.htm.
2.       .  "-­
   ".    h t t p : //www. officemart.
r u / e v e n t view__84.htm.
3.      " "   
  ,   ,    .  
:
 — http://www.webotdel.ru/notes/fouml/
 — http://www.webtdel.ru/notes/forum2/
 — h t t p : / / w w w . w e b o t d e l . r u / n o t e s / f o r u m 3 /

    271

  
 
 

    

  ,     
 
     
     
 ,    
 
      

  

     

.      
,   .   
  ,    
        
 .

      

  .   Rambler's ToplOO   2006,
 ,   ,  
5000,     15%  .    
   ,     
  ,    Rambler's ToplOO.
,    ""   14 000 ,  
"" —  9000.
      
    ,      .

.1.    

      
   ,    ­
  .    .

   

     ,   ,  ­
    .   
 . .

..   

   

        - ­
 .        
   —     .
    — www . p o l i n f  . r u .

274  
   
        (
   ).      
   .    — www . b a l t w o r l d . r u .
-
         ­
 .   — -.   —
      .  ­
    ,    ­
  .   — www. t r a v e l a u s t r i a . r u .
 
   —  ,     
,    .   — www. u t e . r u .

        ­
 .   — www. t r a v e l . r u .
 
       - , ­
   .   ,  "  ",
"  ", .. ,     ­
  -,    .    — www.
medassist.ru.

 
      .   ­
    .      ­
    .    
 ,       
.          .
 ,   ,    ­
   .     
:     (- ), 
  (-)     ().
       ­
 ,          ­
    .
        ,   
   ,      
   (. .1).

    275

 .1.   

\   ... 

 

 

 

  

       ,
..       . ,  
    2006 .       
 ,      
  .    - 
   -  ,   
       .
         
   ,      .
   ,      ­
        ,   
,     .

.2.  ,   

   
       — ­
    ,      , ­
   ,  ..  ,   ­
   ,     .
       .  , ­
      ,  
  ,    .

   

  —    ­
   ,      
    .
,   ,   , 
     .   ­
       . 
     .

276  
  ,   :  ,  
,    ,  ,   
   .   —   
     .
  —  .      
  :  ,  , ­
   ,  ,    ,
   .      
  :  ,  , ­
,    ,   .  
      .
  —   .    
    ,  ,
   .
         
 .      
        ,    .
         , 
   ,   .

   

       ­
  ,      , ­
      .     
  -  (, ).
       ­
,     ICQ    
.      ­
     .

  ()

        ­
 ,       .
        ( .
usability).
         ,
,  ,      
, ,        
 (         
      ).   
        .

    277

..  
 
        
       .  
     
    (..2).
 .2.       


№       

1  
() 

2  
, 
 
3  
4 -
5  
6  
  
    :
  .   ,
   ,     .
       .
,      , , 
 
      , ..
 ,    
 
  ,   
      , 
      ,  
 ( )    
    
  .   ,
       
   ,   

  .,
,      
,  , 8 ,   ,
      
 .    
  
     
 ,  .   
 .
      
  ,     .
       
   100—200.,   
   ROI 

' ROI (Return On Investment) —  , 

  .
278  
.4.  
 
       ­
      .
•     .
•        .
•  ,    , ­
 , ,    ­
  .
       . ..

 ..      


  
   ""    
  .  (3—6 ).
    
,   
 
   ""   
  .  
 .
 .
  
  ""  .
 .   
 . 
 .
  

   ,      ­

 , , -, ,     ­
 , -,       
     .
 ,      
 ,    .      
      .

   279

.5.,   
  
      ­
.   ,     , 
 . .2.

 

 :

 

''  a  ^  
usability
- - 
- 
- 
.*"'" 
   
SEO   
 - 



 
N^ 

. .2.,    

 
   .   ­
       
().
 —   -,        ­
,     ,  ­
,   (   ).
        , -
,-    .     ­
  .
    —    .
 ,       ­
 .          

280  
  ().    ­
   ,       .
     ,   
        :
„ , ,  : X   
 =
 
   ',   ,   1,  ­
 ,  .
    ()     :
 = ( :    ) - 

   ,     , ­

 .

.6.    

  
 . .4      
 .     
  .

 .4.     

    

,  ,   ,   
   3—5  :  ,  
  ,   ,  .     
   
,        
  .     , 
  ,  .     
   ,  ,   .
 ,  ,   : 
  
       . 
     . 
 PR-,  , ,  
   .

   281

  . . 4
    
     . 
 ,        ,  
 .
     ( , 
)      
 .
         
,        
,   
         . 
     ,   
-         
  ,    
      


.7.  

        
 "       ­
 ",    h t t p : / / p r o m o s i t e . r u / a r t i c l e s / s e -
w o r k / trepoi t - o p r , i m i z a t i o n - 2 0 0 4 . p h p ,       ­
   -.

282  
  
SEO-

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 
  

       

       . 
 .     
     . 
      
    —- SEO-. 
,     , , 
    .

        

    .    ,  
    -    
"" ( . copy and paste —   ), .. ­
    .
   ,   
    -.     ­
    . ,    ­
         ,
    .
     —   
 ,   -  (  , 
,    ..).     
            
       —   
   .
,      ,  ­
   SEO-.

SEO- —    . ]

 . 1 .   SEO-

 SEO-     — 
  .  —   
   .   -  -­
,    , -,    ­
 —   .
        
   .      .  
         , ­
,  ,      (, ,   ­
    ).
       , ,   
      .
        (
. usability).  —     .
    ,     ,
   ,       ­
  ,   ,  .
   —    . 
   —    ­
      .
         — ­
 /   .   ­
   80%     .
     ()    ­
  —     ,  
    .  
   . ,     ­
 , SERP (Search Engine Results Page —  
),    ,    ­
     ,     ­
  (. .1).

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..1.     "­

"   
 
        ,  
   .   -  ,     
       .
,       ""  ­
     .    -
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         ­
  .
,      , , 
,       .
         
      .

'        

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       -,  
   — SEO-.  ­
          
.       
       .
      , 
 ,     SEO-.
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SEO- —        
    HTML-.
- - *

""  —    , 

   ""  .  HTML-
 —      
HTML         ­
 .

.2.    SEO-

,  ,   ,      
 ,         ­
 .    —  ­
 —    .     
    SERP.    , , 
5 ,   .
    ,   ,  ,  ­
,       , , .
    .      ­
    ,  ,  "  
,  ".    ,    
,       ,   ­
    .
    ,       ­
     ,  ­
     .    , 
  ,   ,   ,  
   .
" !" —   . ,   ­
            
 ,   ,    
 ,   3  (   ,
 ),      ,   

286  
  .     
  .
SEO- —       ,
    .
 :      — , 
     .  
      — ,  
    -.  ­
    (, ,   ..) — ­
,       .
  SEO-:
•    ;
•      ;
•     .
     ,   ­
 SEO- (. .2):
•    ;
•       ().

 
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 

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 
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 
  
 


 

..2.    SEO-

.. SEO-
          
  :   ,  
   Web      , 
  ,  SEO- —   
  .

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      , -
      :    ,   
      .    
       , ­
    ,    
:         
  .  SEO-   
   .
       :
•   ();
•   (   —  );
•     ( );
«       ().
    SEO-    
,      .   
   ,      ­
.        ()
  ().      
  .
       AIDA ( .
Attention, Interest, Desire, Action — , , , ).
  -   "" ­
,  ,    ..    ­
         .  ­
     ,   
      .
       , ­
 .   ,    ­
  ( ,  ),      
   .  —   ­
   .    (, ­
 ,  ,   ..) ,  
     .    ­
         .
   . -,   ­
 ,    . -,   ­
    (  )   . 
    ,      
 (. .).

288  
  "-"    ,    
.

      ,      .
           ,   
   

■    - 

  

   - 

      

     

...       



  

,   ,    ,
         — 
   ,   .     ­
   - .  ""  :
• ;
• ;
•      ;
•     .
   ,   ""   
,        ,   
 .
,  . ,    ­
 ,     , 
        .   ­
  —    ,     
,      ,    .    ­
 SEO-      , ­
   .
 ,       
 ,   - . , -­
     ,   ,   
        
 .

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       
:
• ;
•  ;
•  ;
•  ;
•  ;
•      ;
•  ;
•   ;
•  .
           
   .      ­
,    ,     , ­
   .    
  -   ,   ­
     ,   
  .
    —    , 
  .     , ­
 ,       .  -
   .
        , 
  .        ­
  (- ).
       ­
   .       ­
       ,
         
 (. .4).

!     ,   •

     (. .5).

    ,     

 .       ­
 ,       .

290  
   A J  
41

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..4.       



■      II'.. |   \ 1 1'| ." ! | . \ II
k'>iiicniU'|i.i\ 2'1 11 J" \ inn

.»! ...(«| *« _.,--J

..5.  ,  ­

 ,    
  

SEO-
       . 
  HTML-    ­
 —    ,     
  .  -, 
   ,    —  -
  .
           ­
,        .  
  ,      
   -.
        "­
 ".      
  .     ­
   .  ,    . 
  ,  ,    . ,
      ,     ­
 ,     ,     
  .

 
    —   ­
      .   ,  
 ,   ,      SERP,
     .
       -, ­
      :     ­
 ,    (..6).
  ()     
     —    ­
      .
    , 
 ,       ­
 . -     , ­
       .
,  ,     , 
     ,  
   (..7).     
.

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  ' . '  I < 11

..6. ,   , 

      

   

»  

    

 -

  t-

..7.  SEO-

SEO- 293
         
-,     :
•        ( < t i t l e > , <hl>,
<h2>,  );
•      ( < s t r o n g > , <em>);
•        (  ­
 );
•       ;
•  HTML-    HTML.
         —
 ,        
 , ..   ( < t i t l e > ) ,   ( <hl>),
 ,    ( <h2>),  
  ( < s t r o n g >  <>).
       ­
  ,     , 
   .     
  ,   
       ,   ­
   .
      ,    
 ,        ,  
  ,  ,     
 .
    () HTML-
.        ­
   .    ,  
,         ­
   ,  , —    .
 ,    ,     
    <hl>;      
< h l > - < h 6 >         ..

.4. 
SEO-      -
:
•         ;
•     ;

294  
 •  HTML-   ;
•       .
        ­
,         . 
,   ,   ­
   . ,    ­
       .
    -   ­
 , .. ,     
  .        ­
,   .      
 ,    .
        
  —     .
      ­
  ( ,     
   ),     .
,     ,     .
    SEO-    ­
  ,        -­
.
         ­
  ,       .
 ,        ­
    ,      - ­
          ­
 .
           ( ­
   ).    
       ­
    .
 ,  ,  SEO-   ­
      .      ­
   : ,    .
  SEO-     ­
      .

.5.  

1.           h t t p : / /
s e o t e x t . ru,         
  .

SEO- 295
2.     "SEO-"   SEO- 
   .     h t t p : / / w e b p r o j e c t s . r u /
publications/promo/31/.
3.    HTML-  ,     "
     ",   
http://webprojects.ru/publications/promo/41/.

296 
 

AIDA, 288 PDF, 198

Aport, 220 Plug-in, 199
PPC,261

BigMir, 127 R
Ramblers ToplOO, 127
 ROI, 229
Cookie, 80; 123; 261 Rorer, 221
Crawler, 52 RSS-, 266
C S S , 8 3 ; 2 0 7 ; 261
CTR, 229; 257; 261
Scooter, 248
D SEO-, 283; 286
DOC, 198 , 287
, 287
,286
Flash, 199; 261 SEOrate.Ru, 110
S E R P , 2 5 8 ; 261; 284
G Slurp, 248
Smartlog, 130
Google, 49; 56; 6 1 ; 72; 75; 79; 169; 170;
StackRambler, 248
189;214;248
Swapping, 211
GoogleBot, 214

H 
HTML, 261 URL, 24; 261
-, 84 Usability, 238; 260; 261; 277; 284
, 82 User-agent, 248
HTML- 
User-agent, 212
w
HTTP, 79; 261 Web-, 247
, 79; 85; 261 Web-, 22
HTML-, 81
I , 71
IP-, 213  , 80
,81
L , 144
, 143
Livelnternet, 106
 
Lycos, 248
, 190
 , 157
, 23
P a g e R a n k , 5 8 ; 71; 72; 167; 169; 170; 171;
177;260; 261
 3
, 52 , 156; 159; 230
, 151  , 145
 , 83
X , 43; 53
XLS, 198 , 93
, 88
Y  , 55
Yahoo, 248 , 67
, 67
 ,68
 , 7 1 ; 157 , 90
 , 78   , 194
 , 132  , 219
, 255  , 90
, 50 , 91
,94 , 69
 , 117 , 68
, 118  , 66
, 118 ,46
, 30; 258 ,66
, 90
  , 108
 , 44; 256
,162; 204; 255
, 60; 221
, 33; 179

, 247 , 5 1 ; 256
, 255 , 55
-, 210 , 55
, 31 ,56
, 54
 , 71; 256
,256
, 81
 , 62
 , 4 1 ; 100; 101
, 62
, 256
, 199
 , 208; 256
, 83
 , 63
 , 52
, 94

 , 51
, 27
,94
, 50
,49
  , 35
, 61    , 28
, 208; 209;256 , 180
swapping, 211 -, 28
-, 112; 115
 , 36
 , 122 

298  

  , 22 ,185
, 22  , 61
 , 269
 , 113 , 139; 172

 
, 25; 50 ,194
 , 182 , 257
 , 257
,82  ,183
,256 , 279
, 211; 256 , 292
 , 213   , 147
, 213  
 IP-, 213 , 113
 User-agent, 212   , 196
 , 5 1 ; 147; 156; 158; 160
 , 149 
, 159 
, 256 , 30; 179; 258
 , 257 , 227
, 222  , 123
  , 222 , 53
, 257  , 88
, 176  , 44
, 179 , 69
-, 137; 139; 141; 172  , 71
 , 140 , 53
, 284; 288 , 70
 , 239 
; 45
 , 100
-, 257  ;90
, 187 , 52; 258
, 183 ,46;162; 204; 205
 , 163
 , 163
, 95 , 167
 , 34 , 45; 219; 257
 , 54; 59  , 236
 , 207 ,230
-, 84; 257 , 233
ROBOTS, 84  , 228
-, 223 , 224
, 2 0 5 ; 2 5 7 , 227
 , 233
  , 230
 , 25 , 225
-, 185  , 239
-, 257  , 224

 299
 , 25 , 72
, 209 , 72
 , 198 , 73
, 247; 249 , 46; 7 1 ; 210; 258
  , 52 , 146
, 52  , 151
 , 146
, 52; 258  , 151
 ,264 , 167; 171
,205; 210; 258  , 148
 , 208 , 71
,208  , 152
, 214 , 189; 208; 258
 , 210  , 258
, 211 ,32
-, 206
-, 34; 220
  , 206 , 65; 209; 259
, 208 , 247
, 211
  , 250
 , 207
, 252
, 215
, 259
 <noframes>, 210
, 117; 258


CTR, 107 , 259
 , 69 , 24; 44; 259; 280
, 275 , 168
, 75 
 , 94 , 241
 , 241
Adobe Acrobat, 198 ,116
 , 124; 132 , 214
  , 280
,35 , 77
, 186  , 276
 , 227   , 162
  , 162
, 99; 245; 278 , 31
 , 194  , 155
 , 193 ,121
 , 101
 ,257
 , 203
, 35
, 263
 , 138
 , 187
, 274
-, 213
   , 117
HTTP, 79 
, 109
, 116
 , 100
, 57  , 161
, 44; 50; 6 1 ; 106; 228; 248  , 30; 226

300  

  ™, 175 , 162; 203; 2 0 4 ; 2 5 8 ; 2 5 9
 , 139  , 207
 , 123  , 207
 , 101 , 51; 167; 175
 , 138  , 187
 , 28  , 168
 ,119 , 169
, 39 , 168
 , 33 , 150
  , 32   , 178
, 29 , 179
, 4 3 ; 45; 46; 96; 99 , 177
  , 181 , 58
 , 138 ,189
 , 87; 9 1 ; 92 -, 180
 , 138  , 184
, 41  , 177
 , 102  , 177
 , 284 
 , 186 , 171
 , 264   , 190
 , 119  , 179
 ,29 , 186
 , 87; 9 1 ; 101; 137; ,188; 258
164;259  ,183
 , 267 , 172
, 95   , 181
, 96 , 189;257
, 92 , 177
 , 259
,40  , 171
,78;212 , 176
  , 171
Google AdWords, 220  , 215; 216
, 220 
, 187  , 118
., 220 
, 80; 117; 259  , 121
, 118  , 124
 , 187  , 123
,95 -, 57; 260
 , 124; 126; 130; 177
 , 220 , 131
, 106  , 127
., 228
, 259 
 , 207  , 102
, 59; 259 , 225
, 259 , 226
, 106; 107 , 225
,259   , 226

 
 
, 82 
<>,189 .htaccess, 260
<>,150 DOC, 198
<body> , 84 Flash, 199
<em>, 150; 156; 294 PDF, 198
<font>,82 robots.txt, 83; 84; 189; 248; 252; 265
<frame>, 210 XLS, 198
< h l > , 1 4 9 ; 156; 294 
< h 2 > , 1 4 9 ; 294 cookie, 261
<head>,84  , 146
<html>, 84 , 34
<i>, 150 , 260
<Img>, 150
< i m g > , 1 5 6 ; 160; 197 X
<meta keywords...>, 205
, 260
<noframes>, 210
, 117; 260
<NOINDEX>, 189

<strong>, 150; 156; 294
<title>, 148; 197; 294 , 116; 119
 ,270 , 232
, 94
 
 , 289  , 113
, 145 , 147; 156
 , 110   , 197
, 5 3 ; 2 6 0 , 182
, 169; 171; 177
 , 31
, 90; 100; 110; 141; 164  , 90
, 100;109
, 100;164
50,164  , 72
 , 69; 70 , 101
, 68 
,39; 41  , 107
type-in, 40; 261  , 104; 109
, 40
, 162 
,113
 , 64; 138
 , 50; 56; 6 1 ; 75; 139; 161; 169; 185;
204; 214; 248;249
, 234; 288
-, 190

., 60
 , 112
 , 110

302  

 - 

  ,   

    

  . 

 .. 
 .
   . 

  ""

127055, . , ., . 43, . 1

   31.10.2006.  70x100/16.

 Times.  .
. . . 24,51. .-. . 16,42.
 3000 .  № 3199.

   CtP

 " " . .  . 
197110, -, ., 15.
  :
    
  -,    
  2001 .       ,
   (   Bridgestone, Pioneer, «»,
«-», « »  ),      
    .
«  »      
   ,    
   .  2002    ,
      ,
     -. « 
»       «
    »,   « : 
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