TABLE OF STANDARD DERIVATIVES & INTEGRALS

f ' (x) = Derivative of f (x) f(x) F(x) = Integral of f(x) = Antiderivative

Í Differentiation Í
Algebraic Î Integration Î
1 x x2 / 2
0 a ax
2
1 x+a x / 2 + ax
a ax ax 2 / 2
2x x2 x3/3
– x –2 x –1 Loge x
n x n-1 [Power Rule] xn n+1
x / n+1
n [f(x)] n-1 f ' (x) [Power & Chain Rule] [f(x)] n Integral [f(x)]n f '(x) = [f(x)] n+1 / [n+1]
Exponentials
ex ex ex
x x
a ln a ax a / ln a
ef(x) f '(x) [Chain Rule] ef(x) Integral involves special functions if f(x) is not linear
af(x) f '(x) ln a [Chain Rule] af(x) Integral involves special functions if f(x) is not linear
k ekx [Chain Rule] ekx ekx / k
Logarithms
1/x Loge x x (Loge x – 1)
1 / (x ln10) Log10 x x (Loge x – 1) / Ln 10
1 / x ln a Log a x x (Loge x – 1) / Ln a
f '(x) / f(x) [Chain Rule] Loge f(x) ----------
f '(x) / ( f(x) ln a ) [Chain Rule] Log a f(x) ----------
k / ( k x) ln a ) [Chain Rule] Log a k x x ( (Loge k x) – 1) / Ln a
Trigonometric
Cos x Sin x – Cos x
– Sin x Cos x Sin x
Sec2 x Tan x Log Sec x = – Log Cos x
– Cot x Csc x Csc x – Log [cot x + csc x ]
Tan x Sec x Sec x Log [ tan x + sec x ]
– Csc2 x Cot x – Log Csc x = Log Sin x
Cos f (x) f ' (x) [Chain Rule] Sin f (x) -----------
k Cos k x [Chain Rule] Sin k x – ( Cos k x ) / k
Inverse Trigonometric
1 / [ 1 – x2 ]1/2 Arcsin x x arcsin x + [1 – x2]1/2
– 1 / [ 1 – x2 ]1/2 Arccos x x arcos x – [1 – x2]1/2
1 / 1 + x2 Arctan x x arctan x – Log[1 + x2]1/2
1 / |x| [ x2 – 1 ]1/2 Arccsc x x arccsc x – arccosh x
– 1 / |x| [ x2 – 1 ]1/2 Arcsec x x arcsec x + arccosh x
– 1 / 1 + x2 Arccot x x arccot x + Log[1 + x2]1/2
Miscellaneous
f ' (x) / [ 1– [f (x)]2 ] 1/2 [Chain Rule] Arcsin f (x) --------------
a / [ 1– [ a x ]2 ] 1/2 [Chain Rule] Arcsin a x x arcsin a x + 1/a [1 – [ a x] 2]1/2
1 / [ a2 – x2 ]1/2 Arcsin (x/a) x arcsin (x/a) + [a2 – x2]1/2
a / a2 + x2 Arctan (x/a) x arctan (x/a) – a Log [a2 + x2]1/2
2 sin x cos x = sin 2x sin 2 x 1/2 [ x – sin x cos x ]
– 2 sin x cos x = – sin 2x cos 2 x 1/2 [ x + sin x cos x ]
2 tan x sec2 x tan 2 x tan x – x

Notes ……….
f ' (x) = Derivative of f (x)
Integral f ' (x) = f (x)
Integral f (x) = F(x) = AntiDerivative
F ' (x) = f (x) or Dx F (x) = f (x)
The 5 Elementary Functions ; To find ANY derivative or integral
Algebraic, Exponential, Log, Go to www.wolframalpha.com
Trig & Inverse Trig And type in “ Integral x3 + 4x dx ”
Î Add + C to all Integrals Í Teacher Paul Freda
Assumption College April 11 , 2011
 TABLE OF QUADRATIC BINOMIAL INTEGRALS

f (x) Integral f(x) = F (x) Substitution Comments

Summation Rule
1 a2 + x2 a2 x + x3 / 3 None
a2 – x2 a2 x – x3 / 3 None
x2 – a2 x3 / 3 – a2 x None
Trig Substitution
2 1 / [a2 + x2] (1/a) arctan (x/a) x = a tan u
1 / [a2 – x2] (1/a) arctanh (x/a) x = a sin u arctanh x/a = 1/2a [Ln(a+x) – Ln(a–x)]
1 / [x2 – a2] – (1/a) arctanh (x/a) x = a sec u arctanh x/a = Hyperbolic arctan x/a
U Substitution
3 x / [a2 + x2] 1/2 Ln ( a2 + x2 ) u = x2 + a2
x / [a2 – x2] – 1/2 Ln ( a2 – x2 ) u = a2 – x2
x / [x2 – a2] 1/2 Ln (x2 – a2) u = x2 – a2
Long Division
2 2 2
4 x / [a + x ] x – a arctan (x/a) None
x2 / [a2 – x2] – x + a arctanh (x/a) None
x2 / [x2 – a2] x – a arctanh (x/a) None
Trig Substitution
5 [a2 + x2]1/2 x/2 (x2+a2)1/2 + a2/2 [ arcsinh (x/a)] x = a tan u arcsinh x/a = Ln [ x+ (a2+x2)1/2 ]
[a2 – x2]1/2 x/2 (a2–x2)1/2 + a2/2 [ arcsin (x/a)] x = a sin u
[x2 – a2]1/2 x/2 (x2–a2)1/2 – a2/2 [ arccosh (x/a)] x = a sec u arccosh x/a = Ln [ x+ (x2–a2)1/2 ]
Trig Substitution
6 1 / [a2 + x2]1/2 arcsinh (x/a) x = a tan u
1 / [a2 – x2]1/2 arcsin (x/a) x = a sin u also = arctan [x /[a2 – x2]1/2]
1 / [x2 – a2]1/2 arccosh (x/a) x = a sec u
U Substitution
7 x / [a2 + x2]1/2 [a2 + x2]1/2 u = a2 + x2
x / [a2 – x2]1/2 – [a2 – x2]1/2 u = a2 – x2
x / [x2 – a2]1/2 [x2 – a2]1/2 u = x2 – a2
Trig Substitution
8 x2 / [a2 + x2]1/2 x/2 (x2+a2)1/2 + a2/2 [ arcsinh (x/a)] x = a tan u
x2 / [a2 – x2]1/2 – x/2 (a2–x2)1/2 + a2/2 [arcsin (x/a)] x = a sin u
x2 / [x2 – a2]1/2 x/2 (x2–a2)1/2 + a2/2 [ arccosh (x/a)] x = a sec u

9 Other Integrals
x / 1 + x2 1/2 Ln (1 + x2) U Substitution u = 1 + x2
x1/2 / 1 + x 2x1/2 – 2 arctan x1/2 U Substitution u = x1/2
1 / x2 [a2 – x2]1/2 – [a2 – x2]1/2 / a2 Trig Substitution x = a sin u
x2 / 1 + x2 x – Arctan x Long Division or Add & Subtract 1 / 1 + x2

(ax + b)n (ax + b)n+1 / a (n+1) Power Rule

1 / (ax +b) 1/a Ln (ax + b) U Substitution
x / (ax +b) x/a – (b / a2) Ln (ax + b) Long Division
1 / x (ax +b) 1/b ( Ln [ x / (ax + b) ] Partial Fractions

Note; Proper substitution converts the quadratic

Trigonometric Identities ….
binomial to a linear monomial
U Substitution when the integrand contains both u ' (x) & u (x) sin2 x = ( 1 – cos 2x ) / 2
Trig Substitution eliminates radicals or simplifies binomial integrands cos2 x = ( 1 + cos 2x ) / 2
Long Division when the numerator degree is not less than the cos 2x = cos2 x - sin2 x
denominator degree sin2 x + cos2 x = 1
tan2 x + 1 = sec2 x
Notes ………….. Derivative of 2nd column ( F(x) ) is = 1st column f(x) cot2 + 1 = csc2 x
Integral of 1st column, f(x) = 2nd column, F(x)
Add + C to all Integrals Assumption College
Solve any problem at www.wolframalpha.com Teacher Paul Freda
Rows 2, 3, 6, 7 should be memorized April 11, 2011