. You are given 30 minutes.

2. Questions are based on diagram / pictures/bar charts/dialogues/statements.

3. Read the question carefully and understand it. The information given can guide you
to answer
the question.
4. Your answers should be short and brief.
5. Your handwriting should be neat and easy to read.
6. Differentiate the three variables.
7. Check your answers and make sure that your spelling are correct and use the
correct science terms.

1. Observation

Use all the five senses to tell about some things

• smell
• taste
• texture
• size
• Condition

Maria’s duck Danial’s duck

State an observation from the diagram.

A) Maria’s duck is bigger than Daniel's duck.
B) Maria’s duck is heavier than Daniel's duck.

2. Inference

To reach a decision by thinking or reasoning.

Reason For Observation

State one inference from your observation.

a) Maria fed her duck with nutritious food than Daniel’s duck.
b) The quantity of food given to Maria’s duck is more than Daniel’s duck.
c) Maria’s duck gene is better then Daniel’s duck.

3. Controlling data

3.1 Constant variable/fixed variable

Things that are kept the same
Example : the same
• size of beaker /glass/box/room/plant…
• distance
• type of plant/ball/liquid/flower/duck…
• quantity of fruits/sugar/salt…
• volume/amount of water

3.2 Manipulated variable

Things that are changed

Example : the different
• type of materials/plant/liquid…
• size of books/room /balloon..
• quantity of sugar/salt/
• volume of water/liquid/coffee…
• distance or
• the presence of water/air/sunlight

3.3 Controlling Variables

Make sure that each variable is answered in a complete sentence.

comparison measurement (characteristic) of + object
higher/lower ............................................temperature water
larger/bigger ............................................volume oil/box
heavier/lighter..........................................mass iron ball/fruits
larger/smaller ..........................................shape container
more /less .................................................numbers ball/fruits/marbles
more/less ..................................................time taken for the ice cubes to melt
longer /shorter .........................................length string/rope
darker/brighter ........................................colour material / shirt /container
thicker/thinner..........................................thickness cloth/book
larger/bigger..............................................size box/cup/plate
further/nearer...........................................distance toy car to stop

3.3 Responding variable

The result of the experiment

Example :
• condition of materials/plants/rats after…
• the number of….
• time taken to …

3.4 State the following variables :

i – manipulated variable : the quantity of food

the quality of food
the gene of duck

ii – responding variable : the size of the duck

the weight of the duck

iii – controlled variables : the type of ducks

4. The aim of an investigation

a) To investigate the relationship between MV and RV

b) To study the relationship between MV and RV

4.1 What is the aim of the investigation?

i) To investigate the relationship between the quantity of food given to the duck and the
size of
the duck.

ii) To investigate the relationship between the quality of food given to the duck and the
weight of
the duck.

5. Hypothesis

An idea or suggestion, put forward as a starting-point for reasoning or an explanation.

An early idea that must be tested.

The more ( comparison of adverb/adjective ) MV the more (comparison of

adverb/adjective) RV

Write one hypothesis based on the diagram.

i) The more quantity of food given to the duck the heavier the weight of duck.

ii) The better the quality of food given to the duck the bigger the size of the duck.

iii) The better the gene of the duck the bigger the size of the duck.

6. Conclusion

What is settle in the mind.

1. On the whole – plants/animals/humans/object etc

2. According to the question

What conclusion can be made from this investigation?

i) Ducks need high quality of food to grow bigger in size.

ii) Ducks with better gene will grow bigger.

ii) Ducks that are given more quantity of food will have heavier weight.

Maria and Daniel rear ten ducks in the same size coop.
The result are recorded for three month.

7. Predicting

Expecting what will happen based on the observation/ information/data/prior

knowledge.

If the question ask for specific numbers that can be calculate, you have to give a
specific numbers.

Example 1 :
Predict the weight of Maria’s duck after four month.
………………………………………………………
If the question is in the statement form /incomplete data

Example 2 :
Predict the weight of Maria’s ducks on the forth month if the quantity of food are reduce
to one kilogram per day.
……………………………………………………………………………………

SECTION B FORMAT
SCIENCE PROCESS SKILL IN SECTION B

1. OBSERVING
2. INFERENCING
3. PREDECTING
4. INTERPRETING DATA
5. VARIABLE
6. HYPOTHESIS

CRITERIA IN SECTION B

1. OBSERVATION
2. INFERENCE
3. PREDICTING
4. TREND
5. RELATIONSHIP
6. CONCLUSION
7. MANIPULATED VARIABLE (WHAT TO CHANGE)
8. RESPONDING VARIABLE (WHAT TO MEASURE)
9. CONTROLLED VARIABLE (KEPT TO SAME)
10. AIM
11. HYPOTHESIS

Question 1
The picture shows a torchlight .The table shows the ability of the torch light using three
batteries to function at different times.

Time(hours)......Brightness of the bulb in torch light

2.......................Brightest
4.......................Bright
6.......................Dim

1. Based on the experiment, state the following variables:

What to change/ manipulated :……………………………………………………….

What to measure/ responding :………………………………………………………….

Kept the same/ controlled : ………………………………………………………….

2. What is the aim of the investigation?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Suggest one hypothesis based on the table.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. What is your observation about the brightness of the bulb for two hours?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5 . State your inference based on your observation.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. What is your conclusion based on the table?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Suggested Answers

1. Based on the experiment, state the following variables:

What to change/ manipulated : time

What to measure/ responding : Brightness of the bulb in torch light

Kept the same/ controlled : type of battery, number of battery

2. To study/ investigate the relationship between the time and the brightest of the bulb
in torch
light.

3. The more the time the more the brightest of the bulb in torch light / if the time
increase then
the brightest of the bulb in torch light decrease.

4. The brightest of the bulb in torch light is more brightest at two hour.

5. The brightest of the bulb in torch light is more brightest at two hour because there
is enough power.

6. The more the time the more the brightest of the bulb in torch light / if the time
increase then the brightest of the bulb in torch light decrease.