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Seventy Weeks of Daniel
Research paper for Bible 450
Liberty University
Susan C. Richardson4/25/2011
Th
is paper seeks to determine t
h
e best means of analyzing t
h
e prop
h
etic passage known as t
h
e SeventyWeeks of Daniel found in Daniel 9: 24-28. Also t
h
e best interpretation of t
h
is passage is investigated.
 
2The Seventy Weeks of DanielIn the book of Daniel 9:24-28 we see what is considered by some to be the mostimportant prophetic passage in scripture. This passage gives a prophetic chronology of what is tocome for the nation of Israel. The vision Daniel received of the seventy weeks of years can bedemonstrated as partially fulfilled by historical and biblical events such as the rebuilding of thecity of Jerusalem by decree, Jesus entry into Jerusalem on the 8th of Nisan
1
, His subsequentcrucifixion, and the destruction of the temple under Titus in 70 A.D. Interestingly, there is a gapin the fulfillment of the prophecy between the sixty-ninth and seventieth weeks. This gapcorresponds with the passage in Isaiah 61 that Jesus read in the synagogue in Nazareth where Hecites this scripture as being fulfilled by His work while signaling the restoration of the Nation of Israel as unfulfilled by the closing of the scroll (Luke 4:17-21). The prophetic time-line willresume with the revealing of the Antichrist and will continue until the Messiah returns at HisSecond Coming.The prophecy in verse 24 presents the complete prophecy. In verse 25 the first sixty-ninesevens is described. The events between the sixty-ninth and the seventh week are detailed inverse 26. The final time of the seventieth seventh is described in verse 27. There are manydiverse interpretations to explain this prophecy but most can be categorized as either Christological or non-Christological views
2
. In the non-Christological view some have arguedthat this passage and specifically verse 24, is not speaking of years, but weeks or months. Thoseholding this Higher Criticism view, assume that Daniel is a forgery written in the second centuryB.C. They find in this passage that the pseudo-Daniel confuses the seventy years of Israel¶s
1
(Anderson 1954, 129)
2
(Walvoord, Daniel The Key to Prophetic Revelation 1971)
 
3
 captivity with the seventy sevens of Gabriel¶s vision.
3
However, the Hebrew word
 shabuim
, thecontext (Daniel 9:2; 10:
3
), Jeremiah¶s prophecy (Jeremiah 25:10-14; 29:10-14), the nature of thecaptivity, and the translation in the Mishna each indicate that years are in view
4
.Specifically in the second part of verse 24 we see Gabriel declaring that the Jews andtheir holy city Jerusalem have had this time set apart for them. This revelation is given in answer to Daniel¶s prayer concerning the Jewish people. Some scholars disagree with this position andrefer to the church as ³spiritual Israel´ We see that this can only refer to the nation of Israel because of Daniels prayer and the ³spiritual Israel´ view is not supported by the rest of the text.
5
 In the last part of verse 24 we see six goals to be fulfilled. These goals relate to the sinand restoration of the nation Israel. There are two views concerning the fulfillment of this passage. Some subscribe to the view that the first three goals were fulfilled with the sacrifice of Christ on the cross. Others hold that all of the prophecy in verse 24 will be fulfilled at His secondcoming. Shoulders makes a valid and convincing argument. He believes that the full 490 yearsmust be accomplished before any of the prophecy would be complete. He translates the word³transgression´ as rebellion and recognizes that the nation of Israel will not repent and ceasefrom rebellion until the end as shown in Zach.12:10-1
3
:1
3
:1 and Rom. 11: 25-27. He also feelsthat ³an end of sin´ relates to transgressions in daily life and that the ³atonement for iniquity´was made on Calvary but will not be appropriated until Israel¶s acceptance of Jesus as Messiah.
6
 Many others feel that these goals are fulfilled by the Messiah in His first and secondcomings. The first three goals are fulfilled with the Messiah¶s redemptive work on the cross and
3
(Walvoord, Daniel The Key to Prophetic Revelation 1971)
4
(John Ankerberg et. al. 1989, 6
3
)
5
(Miller 1994, 258)
6
(Shoulders 1982,118)
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