Professional Documents
Culture Documents
twdkifyifcHt,f'Dwm
\ NIBBAN
&mpkd;(vlrI)
t,f'DwmcsKyf ta&mif;ukd,fpm;vS,fBuD;rsm;tm;
omaZmf
wm0efcHt,f'Dwm aus;Zl;wkHhjyefonfUyGJusif;y/
oQdKif;&J0Hh?
ESppf OfEpS w
f idk ;f jrefrmjynftxufyidk ;f rSta&mif;uk,
d pf m;vS,af wmfBu;D rsm;ukad us;Zl;wkejYf yefyq
JG ifEu
JT si;f yay;aom NIBBAN \ Dealer's Night tcrf;tem;ukd rwfv
t,f'DwmtzGJU
oefYpifndK?
29&ufaeY nae6em&Du rEÅav;NrdKUqD'kd;em;[kdw,f\a&ul;uefeab;rSjrufcif;jyifwGifusif;yjyKvkyfcJhonf/
&efaemifpdk;?EGJYeDvm?vSrsdK;OD; tcrf;tem;wGiN f IBBANrSa'gufwmatmifoed ;f uNIBBAN tDvufxa&mepfypön;f rsm;twGuyf ½krd ;dk &Si;f tpDtpOfrsm;ESihN f IBBANrSxwk v
f yk af omtDvufxa&mepf
owif;tzGJU ypönf;rsm;taMumif;ukdtao;pdwfajymMum;cJhonf/qufvufíarmf',f½Id;tpDtpOfrsm;?csrf;csrf;\azsmfajzrItpDtpOfrsm;ESifh wifqufazsmfajzí wpfESpfwmtwGif;
jrpnf?&macv?AokefAefquf jrefrmjynftxufykdif;wGifa&mif;tm;taumif;qkH;qkBuD;rsm;ukday;tyfcsD;jr§ifhcJhonf/xkdYaemufwufa&mufvmaom{nfhonfawmfBuD;rsm;tm; uHprf;rJrsm;zGifhvSpfay;í
vQyfpD;?wifukdukdvGif?rkdif;yGef? tcrf;tem;ukdatmifjrifpGmNyD;qkH;cJhaMumif;od&onf/ Shade-02
aumif;okw(rif;bl;)?
rauG;owif;wm0efcH
a&Tvrf;aiGvrf;0if;Munf?
rauG;NrdKYvHk;qkdif&m ,Ofaus;vdr®m rsdK;qufopf "r®txl;oifwef;zGifUvSpfrnf/
aejcnf(rauG;)? rsKd ;qufopfrsm;vdrm® ,Ofaus;í trsKd ;bmomomoemudck spjf rwfE;dk umomoem\tqH;k trudo k uf0if,MkH unfNh y;D tem*wfomoemawmftwGut f m;jznfEh idk o
f rl sm;
uav;owif;wm0efcH jzpfap&ef&nf&, G í f ,Ofaus;vdrm® rsKd ;qufopf"r®oifwef;udu k ;kd bGUJ &q&mawmft&Sit f mpm&vuFm&?oDw*lq&mawmft&Siaf '0dEm´ vuFm*kb0d o H ESihf "r®puúO;D armifarmifwrYkd S
r[momuDaoG;opf? oifwef;rSL;tjzpfaqmif&GufaomrsdK;qufopf"r®txl;oifwef;udkuqkefvqef;3&ufaeY? 1.5.2011rS 5.5.2011aeYtxdaeYpOfeHeuf 7;30em&DrS nae 4;30 em&D
aejynfawmf txdig;&ufwidk w f idk af tmifajr&wemausmif;wku d tf wGi;f wGiof ifwef;zGiv hf pS yf cYkd somG ;rnfjzpfaMumif;od&onf/
OD;ukdodef;?tkdwl;
wufa&mufvakd omoifwef;om;wpfO;D vQio f if½;kd pmtky?f rSwpf pk mtky?f abmyif?a,m*Dwbuf?ud;k vH;k pdwyf w k ;D ?&ifx;dk wHqyd ?f oifwef;toH;k taqmiftjcm;ypön;f rsm;
usdKif;wkHowif;
EkdifEkdifatmifa0? tyg t0if wefzdk; aiG 2700usyfESifh wpfaeYpm? aeYvnfpm? xrif;wpfeyfajcmuf&musyf?naerkefYyJoGm;a&pmtcsdK&nfESpf&musyf?ig;&ufpmav;axmifusyf? pkpkaygif;
jrwfausmf? ajcmufaxmifch Ek pS &f musyo f ;kH pGv
J LS 'gef;oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;od&onf/oifwef;om;wpfO;D csi;f \ ukeu f sp&dwrf sm;udo k ifwef;om;rsm;xHraS umuf,jl cif;rjyKbJ tvSL&Sirf sm;
'DZdkif;?pmpD vSL'gef;onfhb@maiGrsm;xJrSoHk;pGJvSL'gef;oGm;rnfjzpfaMumif;od&onf/
UNIQUE?ukd[def; tqdyk goifwef;udt k ajccHynmausmif;rsm;wGiw f ufa&muf ynmoif,al eqJjzpfaom q|rwef;rSwuúov kd 0f ifwef;xdwuf a&mufaeaomausmif;om;ausmif;olrsm;udk
zvif?yHkESdyf t"duxm;íoifwef;vufcrH nfjzpfNy;D oifwef;om;OD;a& 1500txdvufco H mG ;rnfjzpfaMumif;od&onf/oifwef;rsm;vufcjH cif;ud{k NyD 18&ufaeYrS pwifí {NyD 27&uf
Star ?Aungsatkyar aeYtxdatmifajr&wemausmif;wGifvufcHvsuf&Sdonf/
xkwfa0ol rauG;NrKd UvH;k qkid &f m,Ofaus;vdrm® rsKd ;qufopf"r®txl;oifwef;twGuv f LS 'gef;vdyk guOD;oef;pd;k (pd;k pHqpD uf)zke;f 063-23099? OD;vSqef;({urÇm)ukerf mqkid f zke;f 09-
OD;rsKd;jrihf(,m,D-1254) 5340561? OD;at;udkudk (atmifurÇmrkefYqkdif)zkef; 09-5340588wdkYxHodkYqufoG,fvSL'gef; EkdifaMumif;od&onf/ aZmfjrifhaZmf
rEÅav;½Hk;csKyf
(A-17S)?77vrf;?31_32vrf;? axmufñTefMum;a&;rSL;OD;pdkif;qrfwpf?c½dkifOD;pD;t&m&SdOD;crf;vsef
09-2011968
rEÅav;/zkef;-09-2011968 ]ynmUyg&rD pmMunUfwkduf} taqmufttHkopfzGifUyGJusif;y qkr;f ?NrKd Ue,fat;csr;f om,ma&;ESizhf UHG NzKd ;a&;aumifpOD uúO;D eefarG
rauG;½kH;cGJ wdu Yk zJBuKd ;jzwfízGiv
hf pS af y;cJah Mumif;od&onf/
trSwf(5)?&Gmopf&yfuGuf? &Srf;jynfe,f(ta&SUydkif;)usdKif;wHkc½kdif?usdKif;wHkNrdKUe,f? uwfawmifaus;&Gmtkyfpk? uwfawmif tqdkyg ]]ynmhyg&rD}}pmMunfhwkduftaqmufttHkopfudk OD;
[dE´Lqkdifwef;? aus;&Gmü ]]ynmhyg&rD}}pmMunfw h udk t
f aqmufttHo k pfziG yhf EJG iS phf mtky?f pmapmif?rD',D mypön;f rsm;vSL pdik ;f aemfawmif+ a':eef;azmif;vdiI rf o d m;pk? ]]atmifcsr;f omukrP Ü }D }
jynfawmfomvrf;?rauG;NrdKU/ 'gef;ay;tyfyt JG crf;tem;ud2k 011ckEpS ?f rwfv5&uf?eHeuf8em&Dct JG csed u
f tqdyk gpmMunfwh u
dk af &SUwGif rSvLS 'gef;ay;tyfco hJ nfth vSLaiGusyo f ed ;f 30jzifw
h nfaqmufcjhJ cif;
063-25197
zkef;-063-25197 usif;yjyKvkyf&mpmMunfhwkduftaqmufttHkopfudkjyefMum;a&;ESifhjynfolYqufqHa&;OD;pD;|mevuf jzpfaMumif;od&Sd&onf/ e'D{&m
April - 20 to 26 - 2011
rEåav;NrdKYawmf0efr[moBuFefr@yfwGif ref;pnfyifvSysdKjzLrsm;ESifU
4 Shade Journal Vol:5,No-21
tEkynm&Sifrsm;\azsmfajzrI ykH&dyfrsm;
oBuFefazsmfajzrI
ykH&dyfrsm;
"mwfykH
atmifrif;OD;(rEÅav;aeYpOf)
April - 20 to 26 - 2011
jrefrmb½l0g&Dr@yf?tkdifpDazsmfajzrIeJhy&dowf
Shade Journal Vol:5,No-21 7
April - 20 to 26 - 2011
NrdKYay:ae&mtESHhus,fus,fjyefhjyefhusif;ywmrkdh
'DESpftwGufawmh aysmfp&maumif;ygw,fqkdvmwJh
aejcnf(rauG;)cif;usif;ykHazmfjywJh rauG;NrdKYu oBuFefjrif;uGif;ykH&dyfrsm;
q&myg&*l &efukefNrdKY ü
ESvHk;a&m*gjzifh uG,fvGef Shade Journal Vol:5,No-21 9
-1921ck? Ekd0ifbmv10 rnfjzifh &m[kvmoHudpönf;\
&uf? Mumomyaw; aeYwGif
[oFmwc½dik ?f oEGo H aemhaus;
aAmfv*grS**Fgod(Yk 'kw,
jrefrmjyefco
d ydik ;f )udk
hJ nf/ yxrydik ;f udk
rEåav; NrdKYrtaysmfwrf;wl&d,mtoif;
&Gmü arG;zGm;cJhonf/
-trnf&if;rSm armifvS
OD;ÓPdó& (OD;qef;xGe;f ) u
bmomjyefcJhonf/
em,uBuD;rsm;tm;ylaZmf
BuKd ijf zpfNy;D oEGo H aemhaus;&Gm -1954 ckESpfwGif yg&*l
rlvwef;ausmif;ü pwkww ¬ ef; trnfjzifh ]Ak'¨pum;}udka&;cJh
txd ynmoifMum;cJhonf/ onf/1955ckEpS w f iG &f [ef;0wf
ouFe;f 0wfcsipf w d jf yif;xefojzifh rS vl0wfvJcJhonf/
pmar;yGrJ ajzqdck b hJ J 11 ESpo f m; - 1956 ckEpS w f iG f e,l;a'
wGiu f &kd if0wfcu hJ mavmukw&¬ m vDNrKd Uüusi;f yaom tm&Spma&;
pmayudpk oifjzpfonf/ ud&k ifbUGJ q&mnDvmcH\ twGi;f a&;rSL;
trnfrmS &Siyf @ k &dujzpfonf/ tzGUJ 0ifEiS n
hf v D mcHu, kd pf m;vS,f yg&*l(1921-2011)
14ESpft&G,fwGif [oFmwNrdKU? tjzpfyg0ifwufa&mufco hJ nf/
jrpfauGUausmif;wku d üf ynmquf - 1957rS 1961ckEpS t f xd 0w¬Kjzifh trsdK;om; pmayqk - 2005ckEpS w f iG f yg&*l&eS f
oifcNhJ y;D &Siyf @ k &dubJUG trnf jrefrmEkdifiH&Sd tdEd´,oH½Hk; jyef bmomjyefq&k &Scd o hJ nf/ xdEk pS f wdedauwef pmMunfhwkdufudk
udk &Siyf g&*lbUJG odYk ajymif;onf/ Mum;a&;bmomjyeft&m&St d jzpf xJwGif tdE´d,EkdifiH tD*wfyl&D a&GayguúHNrdKUopfüxlaxmifcJh
o'´g? oN*ØKvfrSpí oifMum;cJh wm0efxrf;aqmifco h J nf/ 1958 wGiu f si;f yaom Ekid if w H um0dy onf/
onf/ &Siaf waZmom& ('*kef ckESpfrS 1961txd jrefrmEkdifiH óemtu,f'rD\ Ekid if w H um -a&;om;cJhaom pmtkyf
OD;xGe;f jrif)h u pmcsay;cJo h nf/ pma&;q&mtoif;wGit f rIaqmif 0dyóemqDreD modw Yk ufa&muf rsm;teuf xif&mS ;aompmtkyf rEÅav; NrKd Urtaysmw f rf;wl&, d mtoif;em,uBu;D rsm;tm;
-touf 14ESpf t&G,f wm0efxrf;aqmifonf/ cJo
h nf/ rsm;rSm Ak'p¨ um;? "r®pum;? Ak'¨ ylaZmfyu JG kd 12.4.2011 aeY oBueF t f BuKd wpf&uftvdu k rEÅav;
wGif yxrBu;D wef;wdu Yk kd atmif - 1963ckEpS w f iG f okE&´ eE´ - 1989 wGifjrefrmjynf 'dik ,
f m&D? edAmÁ ef? nDawmfrif;eef? NrKd U? NrKd Urtaysmw f rf;wl&, d mtoif;cef;rwGiu f si;f yaMumif;od&onf/
jrifcNhJ y;D om,m0wDc½kid üf yxr ac: nDawmfrif;eefpmtkyfjzifh w*dk;toif; Ouú| jrefrmjynf om;awmf&m[kvm? od'¨w¬? NrKd Urtaysmw f rf;wl&, d mtoif;em,uBu;D rsm;jzpfaom jrif;rl
Bu;D ESpyf g;atmifjrif&mwpfyg;rSm tEkynmqkid &f mbmomjyefpmay [dE´Dtoif;Ouú|? 1990wGif 'dAsm? awmfveS af omtawG;t NrKd UrOD;pdex f eG ;f (87ESp)f ? NrKd Urudak yg(83ESp)f ? OD;0if;(78ESp)f ? OD;ausmf
&Siyf g&*ljzpfco hJ nft h jyif yxr qk&&Scd o hJ nf/ yg&*l uavmiftrnfjzifha&; ac:? pdwå&avcg? trÁygvD? ñGefY(75ESpf)wdkYwufa&muftuefawmhcHMuonf/ toif;Ouú|
jyefpmar;yGJorkdif;ü 17ESpfESifh - 1963rS 1965ckEpS t f xd aom yifukd,fa&; ]y&d,'&&SD yD,'óD? y&uxm? w&m;a& a'gufwmvScdkifOD;aqmifaom NrdKUrtoif;om;toif;olrsm;u
yxrBu;D wef; atmifjrifMuol jrefrmEkdifiH pma&;q&mor*¾ t½d(I uf)} (0d,'óD taomu) pD ; aMumif ; ? b0c&D ; onf ? vuftkyf&Sdcdk;uefawmhMu&m tuefawmhcHem,uBuD;rsm;u qk
ESpyf g;&Scd o hJ nft h euf wpfyg;rSm toif;trIaqmif? jrefrmEkid if H [dE´DvHk;csif;0w¬Kudke,l;a'vD wrÜy@d? yk*cH &D;onfEiS , hf ,m toD;oD;csD;jr§ifhonf/ tqkdygtcrf;tem;odkY NrdKUrem,uwpfOD;
&Siyf g&*ljzpfonf/ 19ESpt f &G,f pmayjyefYyGm;a&; toif;trI NrKd U {&m0wD ywfbvpfau;&Si;f wdwdkYjzpfMuonf/ jzpfol OD;cspfpdefrSmwufa&mufEkdifjcif;r&SdaMumif;od&onf/
rSxw k af 0cJo h nf/ bmoma&;e,fy,fwGif atmifjrihfjrifh(ppfudkif;)
wGit f pd;k &"r®mp&d, pmcswef; aqmiftjzpfaqmif&u G cf o hJ nf/
*kPx f ;l usr;f ukad tmifjrifonf/ 1971ckESpfrS 1975ckESpftxd - 1994 ckESpf azazmf0g&D omru pmaye,fy,füyg xif
- 1940ckESpf? Mo*kwfv
wd;k wufa&;r*¾Zif;ü ]]bke;f Bu;D
jrefrmpmaumfr&Sit
wm0efrsm;udx
f zGUJ ?tzGUJ 0if
k rf;aqmifco hJ nf/
vü Am&mPoDqm&ewf(rd*'g
0kef)wGifusif;yaom [dE´Lbm
&Sm;olwpfO;D jzpfonfh q&myg&*l
(touf 90ESp)f onf {Nyv D 9
wmavivsiaf b;'PfoifU
ausmif;om;}}trnfjzifh ]]&ifaoG;}}
0w¬Kwdkudka&;om;cJhum yxr
- 1975ckEpS rf pS íig;ESpcf efY
Mumonftxd Am&mPoDNrdKU
om? Ak'¨bmomESifhywfouf
aom tvkyf½HkaqG;aEG;yGJodkY
&ufaeY eHeuf 10em&Dtcsed w
&efuek Nf rKd U&Sd tm&Sawmf0iftxl;
f iG f
jynfolrsm;twGuf AIR KBZ rS
qH;k ykEH ydS 0f w¬Kjzpfco
- 1947ckESpfwGif tdEd´,
hJ nf/ [dE´DaeYpOfowif;pm(tmhcsf)ü
OD;yg&*l trnfjzifh jrefrmjynfrS
wufa&mufco hJ nf/
- 2001 ckEpS yf ckuLú OD;tke;f
ukaq;cef;ü ESvHk;a&m*g jzifh
uG,v f eG cf ohJ nf/ tdrfaqmufypönf;rsm;vSL'gef;
Ekid if ?H Am&mPoDNrKd U? Am&mPoD ay;pm acgif;pOfwyfvsuf [dEd´ az\ wpfoufwmpmayqkcsD; q&myg&*l\use&f pfaom
[dE´Lwuúodkvf tdk&D,efw,f bmomowif;aqmif;yg;rSerf eS f jri§ jhf cif;cH&onf/ ½kyfuvmyfudk {NyDv11&uf?
aumvdyfü tdE´d,ola|;BuD;AD a&;cJ/h - 2001 ckESpftouf 80 nae 4em&DtcsdefwGif a&a0;
&vm\ t&d,"r®ynmawmf - 1980 jynfEh pS w f iG f tdEd´ jynfch sed w f iG f vH;k csi;f pmtkyf 100 okóefüoN*KØ vcf NhJ y;D q&myg&*l
oifqjk zif[ h Ed ED´ iS o hf uúwbmom ,EkdifiH tD*wfyl&DEkdifiHwum txdyEkH ydS x f w k af 0cJo h nf/ \ema&;twGuf pma&;q&m
udo k if,cl o hJ nf/ 0dyóemtu,f'rD rS zdwfí - 2002 ckESpfwGif trsdK; rsm;pkaygif;í psmyeaumfrwD
- 1952 ckESpfwGif jrefrm oGm;a&mufc&hJ onf/ om;pmaywpfoufwmpmayqk wpf&yfzUJG pnf;íusi;f ycJah Mumif;
EkdifiHodkYjyefvmcJhonf/ 0dZÆmt - 1986 ckESpfwGif a*g&D ud&k &Scd o hJ nf/ od&ygonf/
omoe0dykvum&DodrfawmfBuD;odrfEkwf?odrforkwfatmifyGJtcrf;tem; atmifjrifpGmusif;y
&Sr;f jynfe,f(ta&SUydik ;f )usKd i;f wHNk rKd UtrSw(f 1)&yfuu
G ?f erfch syf wnfaqmufrnfjzpfaom]omoe0dyv k um&Do
D rd af wmfBu;D }odrEf wk ?f SHADE JOURNAL rauG;NrdKY (½kH;cGJ)? trSwf(5)?&Gmopf&yfuGuf?
&yf? wmcsv D w
d v
f rf;? ausmif;xkid b f ek ;f Bu;D oifwef;? ausmif;ü tvSL odro f rkwjf cif;atmifyt JG crf;tem;udk 1372ckEpS ?f waygif;vqef; [dE´Lqkdifwef; ? jynfawmfomvrf;?rauG;NrdKY / Ph:063 25197
&Si(f 7)&ufom;orD;olawmfpiftayg;wdrYk pS ak ygif;íjrwfpmG Ak'b ¨ &k m; 3&uf?2011ckEpS ?f rwfv7&uf(wevFmaeY)?eHeuf9em&Dtcsed u f t
&Sijf rwfBu;D \omoemawmfjrwfBu;D aevyrmxGe;f vif;awmufy qdyk gausmif;xkid b
f ek ;f Bu;D ausmif;oifwef;ausmif;0if;twGi;f r*Fvm
ap&efpdwf&nfoefvsufusyfodef;aygif;560cefYtukeftuscH r@yfüusif;yjyKvkyfcJhaMumif;od&onf/ EkdifEkdifatmifa0
April - 20 to 26 - 2011
tvkyx
d q
f idk Bf uKH awGU&wwfonf/ tcGit
hf a&;udk vufrvTwf
wrf;,lwwfzdkYtxl;vdktyfaeonf/ aomMumom;orD;rsm;
f üJ jyóemay:wwfonfu*kd ½kjyKyg/trsm;ESiw hf pfa,muf
tcsdK;tauGUBuHK&wwfouJhokdYi,f&G,folrsm;twGiftcspfa&;rSm
vnf;'G[ d jzpfaewwfonf/paeom;orD;rsm; vkyif ef;topfay:
vmwwfonf/vkyEf idk yf gonf/
txl;a[mpmwrf; jzpfwwfonf/paeom;orD;rsm;use;f rma&;tnhrH sm;&Su
twGi;f tNy;D owfaysmufrnfjzpfonf/pdwaf &mvlyg&Tiv
xDqkBuD;aygufEkdifonf/
d m ,ckv
f ef;aernf/
e,kefv jymokdfv
,ckvtwGi;f we*FaEGom;orD;rsm;pdwaf vvGiahf ewwfonf/ jymokv
d wGif we*FaEGom;orD;rsm; tzk;d wefypön;f wcsKd Uaysmuf
vuf&Sdae&m? vuf&SdtvkyfüraysmfydkufaompdwfrsdK;jzpfaewwf &Swwfonfu*kd ½kjyKyg/ twGi;f vlrsm;aMumifh qH;k ½H;I epfemrIrsm;ay:
onf/ wevFmom;orD;rsm; tdrfaxmifa&;? tdrfwGif;a&;rsm;om aygufwwfonf/ ,cifuxufydkaumif;aomtvkyf^ae&mjzpf
,maernf/ t*Fgom;orD;rsm; om;orD;twGuf 0ifaiGukefp&m rnf/ t*Fgom;orD;rsm;pdwt f aESmift
h ,Sujf zpfp&mudpt ö csKd UawGU
udpt ö csKd Uay:aygufwwfonf/ Ak'[ ¨ ;l om;orD;rsm; c&D;,m,Drsm; BuKH &wwfonf/ Ak'[ ¨ ;l om;orD;rsm;aetdrüf tvSLr*Fvmudpaö y:
rMumcPoGm;ae&rnf/ bk&m;zl;c&D;jzpfygu xdkumvtwGif; aygufwwfonf/ Mumomyaw;om;orD;rsm; aiG0ifp&mudpörsm;
xDx;kd ay;yg/ Mumomyaw;om;orD;rsm; olwpfyg;twGuaf y;qyf wkdufqkdifvmí aysmfwNyHK;NyHK;jzpf&rnf/ aomMum;om;orD;rsm;
&aomtcsed af wGtvGerf sm;aewwfonf/ 'DtwGuf rdrt d vkyrf sm; &yfa0;c&D;rsm;ay:aygufvmwwfonf/ oGm;Ekdifonf/ paeom;
aESmifah ES;aewwfonf/aomMumom;orD;rsm;uHw&m;\ az;rjcif; orD;rsm;tk;d ? tdr?f ae&mxkid cf if;twGuf ylyefaomutcsKd UawGUBuKH
udck &H rnf/ tcGit hf a&;aumif;rsm;&wwfonf/ paeom;orD;rsm; &wwfonf/
rdom;pkEiS phf w d 0f rf;uGw
J wfonfu*kd ½kjyKyg/
wykdwGJv
0gqkdv aqGrsKd ;rdom;pk\tultnDuw kd e*FaEGom;orD;rsm; wykw d v
JG
we*FaEGom;orD;rsm;,ckvtwGi;f tBuaH umif;awmhwpfcsuf twGi;f &&Sw
d wfonf/ tusO;f tusyrf sm;rSvw G af jrmufwwfonf
qdok vdk yGaygufw;kd p&mudpw ö pfcBk uKH awGU&wwfovkdt&IH;ay:Ekdif wevFmom;orD;rsm pum;tajymtqdkqifjcifyg/ pum;rsm;&ef
aomvrf;ukv d nf;awGUae&aomaMumifah &G;cs,Ef idk pf rG ;f &Szd Ydk ta&; jzpf&wwfonf/ t*Fgom;orD;rsm; ,ckumvtwGif; tvkyfESifh
Bu;D onf/wevFmom;orD;rsm;ud, k t
hf m;ud,
k uf ;kd &rnfv
h jzpfonf/ ywfoufaomowif;aumif;rsm;Mum;&wwfonf/ Ak'[ ¨ ;l om;orD;
rnfou Yl rkd t
S m;ud;k p&m rawGUwwfyg/t*Fgom;orD;rsm;&yfa0;jynf rsm;taeESifh 0ifaiGESifhxGufaiGrrQrwjzpfaewwfonf/ Mumom
yc&D;rsm;wku d q f idk rf nf/oGm;Ekid yf gonf/Ak'[
¨ ;l om;orD;rsm;vlrsKd ;jcm; yaw;om;orD;rsm; rdom;pktylaomursm;ul;pufwwfonf/
rsm;aMumif'h u k a¨ wGU&wwfonf/Mumomyaw;om;orD;rsm;ud, k f aomMumom;orD;rsm; wykw d v
JG twGi;f pdwaf vvGiahf ewwfonf/
pdwfESpfyg;&Tifvef;aewwfonf/aomMumom;orD;rsm; wm0efydk paeom;orD;rsm;wkd;wuf? 0ifaiGwdk;wufp&mudpörsm;wkdufqkdif
rsm;aMumifyh ifyef;ae&wwfonf/paeom;orD;rsm;tdraf xmifzuf
(odkYr[kwf) cspfol&nf;pm;aMumifhpdwfaomua&muf&wwfonf/
rEåvmMqmatmifwif[ed ;f vmvdkYpdwfcsrf;omaeOD;rnfhumvjzpfonf/
waygif;v
0gacgiv
f oDwif;uRwfv we*FaEGom;orD;rsm;waygif;vtwGi;f aiGaMu;tusyt f wnf;
,ckvü we*FaEGom;orD;rsm; xGuaf yguf&mS aewwfonf/ 0guRwu f mvwGiw f e*FaEGom;orD;rsm;jzpfcsiw f mESijhf zpfae tcuftcJtcsKd UawGUBuKH &wwfonf/ a<u;wifjcif;? tzd;k wefypön;f
aetdrfESifha0;&mü rMumcPoGm;a&mufaexkdifaerdwwfonf/ wmawGxyfwn l aD ewwfonf/ud, k af &mpdwyf g&Tiv
f ef;&rnfu h mv tcsKd UxGujf cif;rsm;jzpfay:wwfonf/ wevFmom;orD;rsm;taejzifh
wevFmom;orD;rsm; b0twGufvrf;aumif;rsm;awGUBuHK&wwf jzpfonf/ wevFmom;orD;rsm;bk&m;zl;c&D;rsm;oGm;&rnf/ yk*Kd¾ vf xdkumvtwGif; rxifrSwfaomwkd;wufajymif;vJrIrsm;awGUBuHK&
onf/vufrvGwaf pzkrYd rd t d ay:wGirf wl nfonf/t*Fgom;orD;rsm; xl;? &[ef;xl;rsm;udk xdkumvtwGif;zl;arQmf&wwfonf/ t*Fg rnf/ tcGifhta&;aumif;rsm;&wwfonf/ t*Fgom;orD;rsm;,ck
tvkyfopfay:rnf/0ifaiGtxl;aumif;vmrnf/Ak'¨[l;om;orD; om;orD;rsm; aiGaMu;jyóemtcsdKUajyvnfoGm;rnf/ odkYaomf umvtwGi;f ntdycf &D;rxGuo f if?h use;f rma&;csLcsmwwfonf/
rsm;0gacgifvüa&T0ifwwfonf/usef;rma&;taeESifhrqkd;aomf ta<u;ESirhf uif;ao;yg/ Ak'[ ¨ ;l om;orD;rsm; ,ckumvtwGi;f ü Ak'¨[l;om;orD;rsm;rxifrSwfaomjyóemtaESmifht,Sufrsm;
vnf;tpmtdr'f u k a© y;wwfonf/Mumomyaw;om;orD;rsm;&ifyl twku d tf cHtaESmift h ,SUtf csKUd awGUBuKH &wwfonf/ rdrt d m; rvdk aMumifph wd yf ifyef;?vlyifyef;jzpfwwfonfu*kd ½kjyKyg/Mumoyaw;
p&mudprö sm;BuKH awGU&wwfonf/aomMumom;orD;rsm; ud, k uhf ,
kd f vm;olrsm;&Sdaeonfudk odxm;yg/ Mumomyaw;om;orD;rsm; om;orD;rsm;taeESifh,ckumvtwGif;olwpfyg;jyóem?udk,fh
udt
k m;rvdt k m;r&jzpfae&wwfonf/0ifaiGEiS x hf u
G af iGrrQwjzpfae rawmfwqxdcu kd t
f csKd Uowdxm;yg/ jzpfymG ;vG,af eonf/ aomMum jyóemjzpfwwfonf/aomMumom;orD;rsm;vkyfief;aiGaMu;
wwfonf/ paeom;orD;rsm; td;k tdrt f opf0ifrnf/ ,ckvtwGi;f om;orD;rsm; tcGifhta&;aumif;rsm;&Sdwwfonf/ paeom;orD; pD;yGm;rsm;yHrk eS ?f vnfywfaernf/paeom;orD;rsm;rdrw d &Ykd nfreS ;f xm;
0ifaomtdraf jcae&monfrrd t d wGut f usKd ;&Sad omae&mjzpfonf/ rsm; wpftrd v
f ;kH ESiwhf pfa,mufjzpfaewwfonf/ &efrsm;wwfonf/ csufrsm;jynfhpHkvdrfhrnfjzpfonf/
April - 20 to 26 - 2011
o½kyfaqmifoufrGefjrifUrdom;pkrS rSwfOmPfaumif;csif&if
uav;ESifUzvrf;q&mawmfrsm;tm; aehvnfwpfa&;tdyf
yd#uwfoHk;yHkvSL'gef; oifhtaeeJY owif;tcsuftvuftopfawGrSwfom;zdkYvdk
vmNyDqkd&if yxrOD;pGmaeYvnfaeYcif;rSm wpfa&;avmufarS;NyD;
tdyfpufvkdufygwJh/ tar&duef odyÜHynm&SifwpfpkavhvmawGU&Sd
csuft& OD;aESmuftwGif;rSm&SdwJh [pfydkurf;yufpf(Hippo-cam-
pus) vdaYk c:wJah e&monfowif;tcsut f vuftawGUtBuKH tjrif
tmum;topfawGudk vufcHay;wJhae&mjzpfaMumif;? wpfaeYwm od&ygonf/ [pfyukd rf;yufpo
f nf tD;ar;vfpmwku d yf ;kH (email inbox)
umvtwGi;f owif;csut f vuftopfrsm;jyefjznfah y;Ekid af Mumif; ESit
hf vm;o@mefwal Mumif;? odaYk omftyd v
f u
dk Nf y;D aemuf tD;ar;vf
odaYk omf acwåcPtdypf ufay;zdv Yk akd Mumif;? ,if;odYk acwåtyd af ysmf uJhodkYowif;tcsuftvufrsm;udk &Sif;xkwfNyD;rSomvQif topf
aepOfwiG &f NdS y;D om; owif;tcsut f vufrsm;udk OD;aESmufa&SUydik ;f &Sd 0ifvmaomowif;tcsut f vufrsm;udk vufcEH idk rf mS jzpfaMumif;
Prefrontal contex [kac:aom ae&modkYajymif;a&TUay;vkdufNyD; xdk od&ygw,f/ 'DjzpfpOf[m tdyaf ysmjf cif;tqif(h 2) non-REM sleep
ae&mwGif wm&Snrf w S o
f m;odr;f qnf;xm;ay;oGm;wmjzpfaMumif; wGifjzpfay:aMumif;vnf;od&ygw,f/
uRefawmfESifU raerem;ajy;vTm;aeaom
e,fowif;axmufBuD;rsm; Shade Journal Vol:5,No-21 13
ukdql;(csif;awmifajc)
pum;vHk;csefyD,H tarMunf oef;pkd;atmif
aumif;uifay:uvjynfh wlvu kd x f MuNy;D tdref rYJ w d af qG wGuw f uRwu f Rww f tif;tif;
0ef;BuD;vnf; csif;awmifpG,f awGqzD ek ;f qufMuygw,f/ 'geJY eJYyg/ q&mrif;om;BuD;uvl; tarMunf o nf uRef aygufwJhtrdkufwHk;BuD;yJusef rdcifBuD;aygifay:wGiftvkduf
udak r;wif&if;t½kPw f ufuakd rQmf uRefawmfu &Sdwf*sme,ft,f aq;av;awGvl;&if; tem;,l awmf\rdcift&if;jzpfygonf/ awmhw,f/ vdr®mwmawGu oifx h idk u
f m oeyfcg;tvl;cH&ef
vdkY/ owif;axmuf tzkd;BuD; csKyfBuD;udkomaZmfqDzkef;quf awmhr,fvaY k d jymygw,f/ aomuf emrnftjynfhtpHkrSm a':vS awmhomG ;ukeNf y}D }[kq&kd m? Mum; toifjh zpfaeonf/
ESpfa,mufukd jrifvkduf&awmh zdkYajymvdkufygw,f/ uRefawmf aq;vl;aq;awGe½YJ yI u f ek Mf uyg Munfjzpfygonf/ tarMunfukd &oltaygif;rSmNyHK;&rvdk&,f& tarMunfonf ausmuf
uReaf wmf½w k w f &ufbmrSrajym awmifay:wufrvmcifu ]'D Ny/D q&matmifjrifjh rifu h awmh 1290jynf h E S p f w G i f a rG ; zG m ;í rvkcd pH m;&rnfrmS trSejf zpfaomf ysOfay:wGif oeyfcg;aoG;NyD;
Ekid yf gbl;/ ]ckyaJ &mufw,f/wpf tzdk;BuD;ESpfa,mufutouf ajcaxmufudkawmifr<uEkdif 1354 touf 64ESpw f iG uf , G f vnf; uRefawmfhtzdkYrSmawmh aemuf csijf cif;rvl;ao;bJ nD
nvH;k qkid u f ,feaYJ rmif;vmwm/ Bu;D Ny?D vrf;c&D;eJu Y se;f rma&;udk awmhyg/ uRefawmfuGif;xJudk vGefygonf/ tarMunfonf rnfodkYrQwGef;vSefacsyEkdifjcif; i,f\yg;uav;udv k ufEiS yhf wG f
wpfarS;rSrtdy&f ao;bl;/reuf *½kpu kd v f udk Of ;D Asm? oluowif; oGm;r,ft h pDtpOfujkd zwfvu dk f v,fawmol? awmvHkarwpf r&Sad omtarMunf\pum;vH;k um ]]a[h..orifcsKd ,u S af v;?
u&dacg'gNrKd Ue,fuaexGuv f m pdwx f ufoefveG ;f tm;Bu;D w,f ygw,f/ q&matmifjrifjh rifu h kd OD;jzpfí urf;em;om;uReaf wmf atmufwGif jym;jym;0yfarSmuf a[..orifcsdK,Sufav;}}[k
vdu k w f m/ zvrf;- &dacg'gvrf; As}vdrYk mS wJt h aMumif;ajymvku d f xGe;f a&T0gvl;aq;eJw Y pfu, dk v f kH \zcif E S i f h t d r f a xmif u sum cJh&ygonf/ b0tarmuav; usDp,fygawmhonf/ udk,fudk
uaevmwm/ vrf;uvnf; w,f/ oluzkef;jyefqufvdkuf tESv YH ;l Ny;D ESyd af y;&ygawmhw,f/ om;orD;oHk;a,mufxGef;um; udk &,f&TifzG,f&m[moav; vIy&f rf;íuspD ,fc&H aomnDi,f
Murf;vdu k w f muGm/vrf;rSmqkid f ygw,f/ [m;cg;a&mufawmh 'Dvjkd yKp&k wmudv k nf; uReaf wmf ygonf/ om;orD;oHk;a,muf aESmNy;D ajymwwf&mS aom tar uvnf; wpfcpfcpfEiS o hf abm
u,f bD;aygufvYkd MumoGm;wm/ pdwrf ylawmhygbl;/ reufyikd ;f rSm auseyfygw,f/ bmvdkYvJqdk teuf uRefawmfwpfa,muf Munfygav/ usaeavonf/
zvrf; udak &mufawmh n 12em&D/ yJ vufzuf&nfaomufNy;D csi;f awmh olwdkYvmcJhwJhc&D;BuD;udk omtzwfwifygonf/ uRef &SyfxD;ESifh&SyfNyJ xdktcg teD;wGif&Sdaom
awmufavQmufxGufvmvdkuf jynfe,faeYtcrf;tem;usi;f y uRefawmfomqdk&if roGm;Ekdif awmf\txufuarG;zGm;aom wpfcguvnf; uReaf wmf uReaf wmfu ]]taruvnf;Asm
cJhMuwm} olwdkY&JUpum;vHk;awG &m 0r®o;l armifabmvH;k uGi;f udk awmhyg/ wpf&ufv;kH wpfnvH;k tpfrrSm ESpEf pS o f rD;t&G,w f iG f wdkY&GmwGif NrdKUwuftvkyfvkyf orifcsdK,Suf? orifcsdK,SufeJY
atmufrSm uRefawmf rSifwuf vef;vef;qef;qef;yJcsDwufcJh qkdifu,feJYoGm;&wJhc&D;yg/ &m uG,fvGefNyD; uRefawmfhatmuf &if; NrKd UolEiS t hf rd af xmifusvm bmrSef;vJrodbl;}}[kqdkrdav
rdaew,f/ okn'D*&D atmuf/ Muygw,f/ wpfreufvHk;wpf oDOwkuvnf; tawmhuakd t; arG;aomnDi,frSm ajcmufESpf aom uRefawmfwdkY&Gmom;vl onf/ xdktcg tarMunfu
olwYkd vmcJw h v hJ rf;u vrf;Murf; aeYvnfvHk;pm;&aomuf&rSef; wJt h csed yf g/ uReaf wmfwv Ykd kd vl om;t&G,w f iG u f , G v f eG yf gonf/ i,fonf olac:vmaomrde;f r ]]armifndKav;a& orif ; csd K
vGef;vdkY toGm;tvm enf;yg; rodMubJ owif;awGudkvuf i,fawGtwk,zl , G yf g/ 'gaMumifh ]]EGm;pdwfaygufwJh i,fEiS n hf aewkid ;f vufcsi;f csw d f ,S u f csd K ;aiguf w uf vdkY[dk
vGe;f wJv h rf;/ vrf;rSm&GmtcsKd U&Sd rvTww f ef;,laeygw,f/ uRefawmfjyKpkay;&wmwefyg trdkufwHk;BuD;}} um &Gm½d;k ud;k aygufvrf;avQmuf aumifBu;D udak jymvdu k pf rf;ygOD;
ayr,fzh vrf;a'ocHawGawmif [dkw,fudkcPjyefem;NyD; w,f/ uReaf wmf'aD vmufawmh uReaf wmfonf i,fpOfu xGuyf gonf/ vrf;avQmuf&if; uGm}}[kqo kd jzifh pum;vH;k \t
&d'fudkoGm;&if wD;wdefzufu a&rcsdK;wmMumvdkY a&csdK;zdkYjyif vkyfay;oihfygw,f/ vkyfoifh wnf;uADZqd;k ol[t k arMunf a,musmf ;jzpfou l rde;f ri,ftm; "dyÜg,frodaomfvnf; usDpm;cH
vSnfhoGm;Mu&wm/ NyD;awmh qifaeMuygw,f/ tm*owif; w,f/ 'gaMumifh uReaf wmfaus uajymprSwfjyKygonf/ yrm uvluspD ,fívnfaumif;? rde;f &aomnDav;rSm wpfcpfcpfEiS hf
awmifqif; awmifwufvrf; axmuftzdk;BuD;awGygvm;/ eyfrdygw,f/ [m;cg;utjyef aqmif&aomf uReaf wmf\nDi,f uav;uvnf; cspfpzG,ftrl oabmusvsuf &Sdaeygav
udn k rtdyb f pJ ;D cJw h m/ vrf;awG at;pufpuf[m;cg;NrKd UrSm uRef zvrf;rSm wpfntdyf? aemuf udkarG;aomtcg uRefawmfu t,mESiahf ,musmf ;av;ycH;k udk awmhonf/
av;ESpo f m;t&G,&f adS eygNy/D odYk zufw, G rf EDS UJG ívnfaumif;vrf; (]]csdK;}}rSmom;a,musfm;av;rsm;\
uwpfzufuawmif;urf;yg;,H? awmfa&rcsdK;yg/ ]]tif;ayghav &ufuav;NrKd Uudak &muf?aemuf
aomfEkdYurjywfao;yg/ tar avQmuf M uavonf / urÇ m wefqmudkqdkvdkygonf/)
wpfzufuacsmufurf;yg;?owd rif;utouft&G,u f av;u &uf uav;NrdKUrSmaeYwpf0uf tarMunf\vQdKU0Sufcsuf
wpfcsurf mS ;Ny;D tdyif u kd o f mG ;vduYk &vmNyDqdkawmh taetxkdif em;NyD; 24rkdifa0;wJh uav;0 Munfuvnf; om;i,fay:ayguf avmuBu;D wGif olwEYkd pS af ,muf
vmojzifh tBu;D jzpfaom? uRef xJ&adS eonf[x k ify&kH avonf/ tarMunfonf 1354
awmhtavmif;aumufzaYkd wmif av;qifjcifaygh}}wJAh sm/ touf NrdKUudk aeYjcif;jyef? aemuf&uf (c&pfESpf 1993)wGifuG,fvGef
rvG,f/uRefawmfMuufoD;arT; av;q,fem;av;eD;aewJu h Ref uav;NrdKUuae 85rkdifa0;wJh awmfu h Ekd rYdk wku d cf siaf wmhyg/ xdYk xdktrlt,mudk tdrf0dkif;
aMumifh &GmxJov Ykd n S v hf nfa&mif; twGi;f rSvrS ;f jrifae&aom t cJ&h m uG,v f eG af omtcgrS olr
n§i;f awGxoGm;w,f/ awmfbmjyefajym&rSe;f rod/ aeY wrl;NrdKUaeYjcif;jyef? aemuf&uf \ vQdKU0Sufcsufudk odvdkuf&yg
olwu Ykd t kd cef;wGi;f ac:vm vnfxrif;pm;csiaf yr,fh acgif udk Aifum;eJpY pfuikd ;f udjk yefomG ; aomEGm;Eku Yd vk m;xHrS EGm;EdYk 25 arMunfu ]]&SyfwD;eJY&SyfNyJewf
usyo f m;aeYpOf0,fwu dk yf gonf/ vSJwJhwHrsufwH}}}[kqakd vonf/ onf/ ¤if;rSm tjcm;r[kwfyg/
NyD; ae&mcsay;vdkufygw,f/ <u,fyu JG aeY 1em&DrmS pygw,f/ ygw,f/ olrtdyt f yd cf ef;xJwiG u f se&f cdS hJ
t0wftpm;awGvJ&if; udk,f aeYvnfpmudk uReaf wmfwv Ykd w G f uRefawmfwkdYe,fowif; uRefawmf\tpfrrSm? vufu xdv k il ,fpw kH v JG rf;avQmufwidk ;f
av;? ajcuav;vIyw f wfp&Tif tarMunfuvnf; qdNk rq J jkd zpf aom bD'dkav;wpfvHk;aMumifh
vuf o k w f o if u mcPawmh ygNyD/ BuHK&mvufzuf&nfqkdif axmufawG[m owif;wpfy'k f yif/ ¤if;bD'akd v;xJü xdak cwf
tdyfzdkYajym&ygw,f/ 'gayr,fh eJYqefacgufqGJav;pm;&if; t udv k , G v f , G ef &YJ cJw h mawGr[kwf jyonft h &G,w f iG q f ;kH oGm;ojzifh &m MumaomtcgraeEkid af wmh
tarMunfrSm orD;OD;av;udk bJ tarMunftm; &Syw f ;D eJ&Y yS f xdt k cgu ay:xGucf ahJ om pm
olwu Ykd awmh vrf;utawGUt wGif;jyef0ifcJh&ygNyD/ [m;cg;rSm bl;qdkwm tm;vHk;odapcsifyg aumif;ayrGerf sm;udk awGU&av
BuKH awGukd uReaf wmhaf jymjy&if; usif;ywJhyGJrSm acgif<u,fyGJu w,f/ pma&;wwf½kHeJYtcsuf ESajrm[efwlygonf/ xdkYtwl Ny\J t"dygÜ ,frmS rnfo&Ykd nfñeT ;f
nDav;rSmvnf; rsuEf mS 0dik ;f 0dik ;f aMumif;ar;rdavonf/ xdt k cg onf/ yrmtm;jzifh v,fwD
wpf 0 g;0g;wpf [ m;[m;eJ Y y g/ rvGwfwrf;"mwfyHk½dkufaumif; tvuf&mS wwf½ekH aYJ wmh owif; y@dwOD;armifBu;D \ ax&Dax
b,fwkef;urS jrefrmjynfzuf wJhyGJudk;/ naeav;em&Dausmf qdw k m jynfph w kH u d sr&I ydS ghrvm;/ tom;ndKndK? &Tifjyaomrsuf tarMunfu ]]vQyfay:avmf
ESm (Smiling Face) udyk ikd q f idk o f l vDoal wG? vla&SUra&Smif? ola&SU &mbmomjyef? oef;oef;0w¬K?
uvlawG 'Dvt kd vnfvmw,f awmh ajcukefaum? vufyrf; csif;jynfe,f? uav;NrdKUqdkNyD; OD;vwf\a&Tjynfpdk;(uRefawmf
qdw k mr&Sb d ;l vdaYk jymwJt h aMumif; aumuRefawmfwdkYuspjyKygNyD/ a&;wJhtrSm;/ a'oawGudkr jzpfygonf/ vlcspfvlcifaygyg ra&Smif? umtda`E´rJholawGvdkY
onf/ xdn k iD ,frmS vnf; ajcmuf qdkvdkwmayghuGm[kajymrS uRef i,fi,fu OD;vwf\a&Tjynfp;kd
vrf;rSmqkdifu,fbD;aygufvdkY q&matmifjrifjh rifw h pfa,muf a&mufzl;awmh owif;u[dk 0w¬KxJrS ZmwfuGuftcsdKUudk,l
av;ig;ajcmufrkdifavmufudk b,faysmufomG ;rSe;f rod/ uRef a&muf'aD &muf/ owif;wpfy'k f ESptf &G,w f iG t f jyif;zsm;umqH;k awmftarMunf\pum;vHk;&JU
oGm;ojzifh xdpk OfutarMunf t"dygÜ ,fuekd m;vnf&avonf/ um uRefawmhftm;tdyf,m0if
neufeufrSm bD;zmay;EkdifwJh awmfeq YJ &morkwo d pömrif;om; [mowif;ta&;tom;aumif; yHjk yiftjzpfajymcJo h nfukd tar
&Gma&mufonftxd qkdifu,f Bu;D eJo Y m xrif;qkid af &mufcyhJ g rGeNf y;D tcsut f vufjynfph u kH m onf nDi,fav;\tavmif; tarMunfonf[&d Md owyÜuif;
udkydkufum w½IHU½IHUidkaeonfudk rJhaomvli,fwdkY\p½dkufvu© Munfu, G v f eG rf S owdxm;rdyg
wGef;&if;vrf;avQmufcJh&w,f w,f/ xrif;qkdifuxGufvm a'oawG&UJ oabmobm0awG onf)/ xdkYtjyif q&mBuD;yDrkd;
qdw k t hJ aMumif;/ wpf&ufv;kH vH;k awmh [dkw,fa&SUrSmxkdifaeYwJh udek m;vnfro S mowif;wpfy'k f uReaf wmf ,aeYwidk jf rifa,mif PmudkESpfouf[efrwlygay/
rdygao;onf/ uRefawmfonf orifcsdK,Suf eif;\ ae&D&D? oif;wdkYtBuH? r
xrif;rpm;cJ&h bJ ygvmwJah cguf q&matmifjrifjhrifeh jYyJ efqyk H gw,f/ &JUt&omjynfhpHkygr,f/ 'Dvdk [maqG\ppfxu G of pl onfjzifh
qGJajcmufxkwfeJYaygifrkefYav; wpfaeYv;kH yifyef;cJw h hJ tzd;k aumif;rGejf ynfph w kH hJ owif;awG rlvwef;ausmif;om; touf wpfcgaomf tarMunf
10ESpcf eft Y &G,w f iG f tarMunf onf ESpfESpfomomcefY&SduRef awGU&avonf/ tarMunf
awGyJpm;&NyD; a'ocHawGu Bu;D ESpaf ,mufun kd ydik ;f uGi;f xJ udk jynfolvlxkudkcsjyzdkY e,f onf pwkw¬wef;rQomatmif
azmfa&GpGmauR;arG;{nfhcHvdkuf udkvdkufOD;rvm;vdkY uRefawmf owif;axmufawGu owif; ajymqdq k ;kH raompum;udk uRef awmf\nDi,fav;tm; a&csdK;
awmfem;raxmifawmhyg/ t&m ay;avonf/ nDi,fav;rSm jrifaom omrmefv,fawmol
wJt h aMumif; a'ocHawGet YJ wl ajymygw,f/ olwdkYroGm;csif rsm;eJYc&D;oGm;aeMu&ygw,f/ wpfO;D jzpfaomfvnf; ynma&;
"mwfyt kH wlw½JG u kd cf w hJ mawGukd awmhyg/ uReaf wmfvnf;xrif; ajy;Ekid af omowif;axmufonf &migwaumaumonf[q k ykd g rsufESm&TifNyD; 00upfupfESifh
onf/ xdktcgtarMunfu cspfp&myif/ tom;ndKaom pum;jzifhqdkvQif tarMunf
jyefajym&if;awmfawmfeJYrtdyf rpm;cifu owif;udt k eG v f ikd ;f owif;zwfEkdif\/ a&S;owif; udk,fwkdifoifynma&; (Infor-
Muygbl;/ yifyef;Muayr,fh ol uwqifhydkYNyD;NyDrdkY uGif;xJcP axmufBuD;rsm;&JUvufpGJpum; uRefawmfhwpfoufwm b,f aMumifh tarMunfuarmifndK
mal Education) jzifh b0tjrif
wdkYwpfawG&JUpdwfawGuvef; oGm;&rvm;pOf;pm;rdygw,f/ yg/ 'Dvrkd aerem;ajy;vTm;aewJh awmhraS rhaysmufroGm;Ekid o f nfh av;[kcsppf Ek;d ac:ygonf/ a&
atmufygpum;udkqkdygonf/ csdK;NyD;aomtcg tarMunfu udak wmfoihrf eS u f efatmifwnf
qef;aeovdyk gyJ/ olwdkYESpfa,mufudkMunfhvdkuf e,fowif;axmufBu;D ESpOf ;D ukd aqmufEidk cf o hJ wl pfO;D jzpfaMumif;
reuf u d k a ejrif h a tmif r awmh aq;ykvif;awGeJYtvkyf awmhuRefawmfav;pm;rdwm ]]ighrmS om;orD;oH;k a,muf ]]vma[h? armifndKav;oeyf
arG;w,f? ,ckawmhi,fpOfu cg;vl;&atmif}}[kac:avonf/ avhvmawGU&S&d ayonf/
tdyfMuygbl;/ uRefawmfeJYNydKif ½Iyfaeygw,f/ ausmcif;zdkYt trSeyf if/ oef;pdk;atmif
udkql;(csif;awmifajc) EGm;EkdYwkdufarG;&vdkY EG m ;pd w f a&csKd ;Ny;D aomnDi,fav;onf
April - 20 to 26 - 2011
BYS (Australl's Favourlte Cosmetics) ESihf Artlscent (Herbal &wemyHkwd&pämefO,smOfudk 1989ckESpfu pwifzGifhvSpfcJh&m
Skin Care) wdkY\ ref;orD;ysdKuav;rsm;\ vSyonfhref;oBuFef 55{uus,f0ef;onf/ ,cktcg wd&pämefrsdK;pHk 120cefYESifh &Sm;yg;
pwkdifvfNydKifyGJBuD;udk April 6 ESifh 7, 2011 wGif eHeuf 9em&DrS aq;buf0iftyif 200ausmfxdef;odrf;apmifha&Smufxm;onf/
nae 5em&Dtcsdeftxd OD;bkdat;tvSukef? ref;jrefrmyvmZm? ]]wd&pämefrsm;aewJhae&mtcif;tusif;jyKjyifajymif;vJr,f/
rEÅav;NrdKUwGif usif;yjyKvkyfcJhaMumif;od&onf/ Oyrm qifqykd gpd/Yk qifukd uReaf wmfwYkd wrHwvif;ay:rsmxl;cwf
NyKd iyf 0JG iftm;vH;k xJrS qefumwif 10a,mufu"kd mwfyykH nm xm;wmrsKd ;rvkyaf wmhygbl;/ yuwdajrom;qifusKH ;rSmyJxm;r,f/
&Sif? rdwfuyfynm&SifESifh BYS rSwm0ef&SdolvlBuD;rsm;rS a&G;cs,f iSufawGvnf; obm0opfawmxJaewJhpepfvkyfr,f/ wd&pämef
ay;cJwh mjzpfaMumif;od&&dS ygw,f/ yxrqk ,Ofox l uf? 'kw, d qk tawmfrsm;rsm;aexkid rf pI epfwusjzpfatmif tpm;taomufpepf
xufxuford ;f jrif?h wwd,qk rde;f rde;f wdEYk iS t hf wl ESpo f rd q
hf (k 2)qk wusjzpfatmif usef;rma&;pepfwusjzpfatmifvkyfoGm;r,f/
udk 0ifha&T&nf? tdauZifwdkYtoD;oD;qGwfcl;&&SdcJhMuNyD; qkrsm;udk wd&pämefawGuse;f rma&;ppfaq;zd?Yk Ekid if jH cm;u wd&pämefq&m0efeYJ
BYS tvSue k yf pön;f rsm;udk wm0ef&o
dS v
l Bl u;D rsm;rSay;tyfcs;D jri§ hf jynfwiG ;f q&m0efwx JG m;r,f/ puFmyl? xkid ;f uwd&pämefq&m0efimS ;
cJhaMumif;od&onf/ EGJUeDvm zdkYurf;vSrf;xm;ygw,f/ vma&mufMunfh½IolawGudk rlvaps;EIef;
twkid ;f yJ,rl ,f/ aps;rwufb;l / uifr&mcGezf suzf t Ykd pDtpOf&w
dS ,f/
tdrfomawG'Dxufaumif;atmifvkyfay;r,f/ trsm;oHk;twGuf
rGefx&D a&cJrkefhqkdifajymif;a&TGY zGifUvSpf tcaMu;aiGr,lbl;/ vrf;? vlem;ae&m? jycef;? opfyif&dyfawG
aumif;rGefatmifwdk;csJUwmwmwdk;csJU? jyKjyifoifhwmjyKjyifr,f}}[k
,if;uqko d nf/
rGex
f &Da&cJrek ?Yf tat;ESiu hf w d rf ek q
Yf idk af jymif;a&TUzGiv
hf pS jf cif;
&wemyHkwd&pämefO,smOfwGif yef'geD? ZmrPDpaom&Sm;yg;
txdrf;trSwf{nfhcHyGJudk 8.4.2011 aomMumaeY? nae 5em&D
wd&pämefrsm;twGuf tpmauR;arG;p&dwfudk &du©mtpdktajcmuf
tcsdefwGif qkdifopf&Sd&m trSwf(166) 19vrf;? 82_83vrf;Mum;
twGuf? wpfvvQifusyfodef; 300ef;usifoHk;pGJrnfjzpfaMumif;
wGif qkdif(1)udk zdwfMum;xm;aom {nfhonfrsm;ESifh pme,fZif;
od&onf/
q&mrsm;jzifh pnfum;pGmzGiv hf pS cf o
hJ nf/ qkid t f rSw(f 2)udk 29vrf;?
rEÅav;awmifajcteD; ,cif&mjynfhuGif;ae&m&Sd &wemyHk
73_74Mum;wG i f r[moBuF e f y G J a wmf t NyD ; wG i f xyf r H z G i f h
wd&pämefO,smOfukd opfawma&;&m0efBu;D |me? opfawmOD;pD;|me
vSpfrSmjzpfaMumif;od&onf/ rGefx&Dtat;qkdifrS tvSL? r*Fvm
u wm0ef,x l m;&m? 2011ck {Nyv D 1&ufaeYrpS wifí xl;ukrP Ü D
aqmifEiS ahf rG;aeYyrJG sm;twGuf a&cJrek ?Yf tat;ESihf udwrf ek rYf sm;udk
tkypf o k Ykd 10ESpw
f miSm;&rf;vkyu
f ikd af eNyjD zpfonf/ 0ifaMu;rSmvlBu;D
0efaqmifrI Free jzifh txl;vufcHaqmif&Gufay;aeaMumif;udk
wpfO;D usyf 500? uav;wpfO;D usyf 200aumufcaH Mumif;od&onf/
od&&dS ygonf/ EGJUeDvm
atmifjrifhjrifh(ppfudkif;)
aeMuonf/ q&monf pmtkyf *DwrSL;Bu;D wpfO;D tjzpfyg Munf rSef\/ trnfroda&S;pm pum;jzifh tm;ay;cH&olum;
rsm;ESio hf mru pE´,m;Bu;D wpf ndKc&hJ onf/ qdw k pfO;D a&;pyfqckd ahJ om ojzef ppf o nf a wmf r sm;r[k w f a cs/
vHk;ESifhyg aysmfarGUaeyHk&onf/ ]]tjyef..tjyef..vm; wpfyk'f&Sdonfr[kwfygavm/ awmiftxyfxyf awmtoG,f
xdpk Ofu a[rmwd?Yk &mZmwdyYk if uGJU? toGm;..toGm;ygAs}qdk ,if;rSm- oG,fudk ausmfvSrf;ysHoef;um
yDbcd smwdwu f av;awG/ q&m onfh yef;&nfbPfwkdufonf ]csDavwJhcsDav rd;k avom,mcku d w f iG f 0wf&nf
u ]]rcsKd oDcsi;f qdw k wfvm;}}[k ysm;uav;wdkY\ ]tm;rmefzGJU} rrif;atmifocl spw f hJ aomuf o H k ; o,f a qmif v suf
ar;onf/ odkYjzifh ysdKUrSmwrf;udk [kjrifonf/ yef;&nfbPfwu dk f atmifppfonfawG ]yef;&nfbPfwu dk }f aqmufav
qdkjy&m q&mr pE´,m;cvkwf udk uRerf pGv J ef;cJNh y?D ysm;uav; a&mufv, G af tmif anmifa&ESih f aomysm;i,fwt Ykd m; atmifpnf
rsm;udk wdkYum xdum? acgif; awG\cspfp&mobm0u tm½Hk pdaEÅrSm jzLjymtd&,f atmifarmif;aqmfítm;ay;
wqwfqwfESifh ]rcsdKoDcsif;qdk rSmvTr;f rd;k cJo
h nf/ qGr;f oufaphavmif;}[líjzpf\/ a<u;aMumf*kPfjyKaomtvkyf
vdkY&w,f}[ktm;ay;onf/ oD 1999ckESpftwGuf trsdK; ,if;ojzefonf ppfyGJodkY pum;jzpfonf/
csif;rsm;a&G;&if; cPtMum om;pmayqk ( pmya'ombm csDwufoGm;Muaom ppfonf wcsd K Uu ]yef ; &nf b Pf
]yef;&nfbPfwu dk f &&ifqMkdunfh om&yf)udk ]tvSaA'}pmtkyf armifwdkYonf atmifyGJNcdrfhNcdrfh wkduf}oDcsif;onf ppfajrjyifodkY
prf;}[kajymum q&monf wD; twGuf q&mhudkcsD;jr§ifh&eft qifEu JT m vQijf refpmG jyefa&muf csDwufaeaom ppfonfawmf
pma&;q&mr csdKjrEG,fu onf/ aqmif;yg;xJrS uefNrJ uGurf sm;udk vSypGmwD;cwfvsuf aMumif;jyKí q&mhxHrS"mwfyHk? Ekid yf gap}[k ppfonfawmfrsm;udk rsm;udk *kPfjyKa&;pyfaomoD
2002 ckEpS ?f arvxkwf &eHo Y pf at;ausm\ f ]]yef;&nfbPfwu d k }f } ud, k wf idk v
f nf;qdo k nf/ pmom; ud,k af &;tw¬Kyw¬w d &Ykd ,lvm&if; cspf M uaom rrif ; atmif u csif ; jzpf o nf [ k q d k M uonf /
r*¾Zif;trSw(f 89)wGif ]]yef;&nf oDcsi;f ESihf qufE, G rf rI sm;udo k m rSefrrSef uRefrowdrxm;Ekdif/ ]yef;&nfbPfwkduf}udk atmuf jrwf p G m bk & m;xH a wmf y g;rS m ,if;tqkdonf rjynfhpHkacs/
bPfwkdufaqmufMuygav}} azmfjyygrnf/ &wwforQqrkd o d nf/ yef;awm arhvrG ;f qGwrf jd yefonf/ qGr;f awmfuyfía&csr;f oufaph abmifusO;f aeao;\/ ]]yef;&nf
acgif;pOfjzifh uefNrJat;ausmf ysm;uav;rsm; ys0H aJ eonf awGrmS ...0wf&nf&mS &if; tkyf ]csD a vwJ h c sD a v}[l a om vSLum qkawmif;yHkudkazmfjy bPf w k d u f } }oD c sif ; onf yH k
\ yef;&nfbPfwu dk o f cD si;f udk udjk rif&vQif 1970jynfv h eG Ef pS f zGJUysHoef;aeaom ysm;rsm;udk pum;on ppfyGJBuD;wpf&yfudk xm;\/ ,if;ojzefüygaom aqmifoDcsif;jzpfonf/ ,if;ü
a&S;OD;pGmazmfjyNyD; ol\tawGU rsm;udk owd&onf/ uRerf &ef jrifa,mifrv d monf/ ud, k w
f idk f qifETJrnfhppfxGuftHhppfonf ]csaD vwJch saD v}[laompum;ü ygaom ysm;aumif? yef;0wf&nf
tBuKH EiS chf pH m;rIrsm;udak &;zGUJ xm; ukeaf &mufpESprf sm;jzpfonf/ vnf; ysm;uav;wpfaumifvkd awmfwdkYtm; *kPfjyKcsD;ajrmuf q&mcspOf ;D ndKcpH m;&aom&oudk yef;&nfbPfwu dk pf onfwo Ykd nf
ygonf/ ,if;aqmif;yg;ü ysm; uRefronf cifyGef;onf q&mh p E´ , m;vuf o H ? *D w ? tm;ay;aompum;jzpfavonf/ ay;aomtmvkypf um;jzpf\/ oauFwedrdwfyHkrsm;omjzpfMu
wd\
Yk obm0rsm;ESihf ysm;&nf\ ESit hf wl q&mhtrd o f o Ykd mG ;vnf avEkat;rSm vGiq hf ;D arsmygae ]]atmifyGJodkYwkdif r&yfrem;csD uefNraJ t;ausm\ f ]csaD v \/ cyfodrf;aomavmuESifh
toHk;wnfhyHkrsm;? ysm;ESifhywf cJhzl;onf/ xdkpOfu q&monf onf/ q&mhukd pma&;q&mBu;D wufMuyguke}f [laom teufukd wJhcsDav}tpcsDxm;aom ]yef; tm;vH;k aomowå0gwdu Yk kd ud, k f
oufaom qd½k ;dk pum;rsm;udyk g uG,v f eG o
f rl if;om;Bu;D OD;ae0if; wpfO;D ? uAsmq&mBu;D wpfO;D t uRef a wmf c H p m;&ygonf } [k &nfbPfwu dk }f oDcsi;f üygaom pm;jyKxm;onf[k qkdcsif\/
okawoejyKí wifjyxm;yg (aumvdy*f si)f rdom;pkEiS t hf wl jzpfom oduRrf;av;pm;&mrS q&mcspOf ;D ndKuqdck \ hJ / ]csaD vwJch saD v}[laom tmvkyf wuúodkvfawZmvif;
April - 20 to 26 - 2011
tvSppfqdkwm . . . . udv
r[kwfygbl;/ qHyiftzsm;wdwd? rwdwd qHyift&Snfwpfv
k ufr0ufavmufyw kd ;kd vmavh&ydS gw,f/ aEG&moDrmS qHyif&n
EIef;ydkjrefwwfygw,f/ qHyifwday;vdkY&Snfvmwmr[kwfygbl;/
S f
q&meE´(r[mrdw)f •09-2038270
om"koHa0 aoG;csif;wdkh |mae rodr;f opf(orifNc)H