Term Paper

Business Environment

MGT 511

“Corruption in India”

Submitted To: Submitted By:

Miss Kanika Jhamb Amit Singh
Roll No.: 32
Section: A17B1
INTRODUCTION
It is a no brainer that Corruption in India is at its rampant best. There is not one section of the
society that is spared from it. Corruption in the form of bribery takes the cake and given that it
begins at the grass root level makes it even more difficult to monitor and control. The Corruption
and Bribery Report published at track. In earlier, gives a detailed breakdown of the scale of the
bribes and the reasons why bribes are given.

The striking though well known findings of the report points out that close to half the bribes are
requested by the Government Officials both at the state and national level. The same government
personnel who are entrusted with the development of the nation are filling their own pockets. No
wonder then the nation’s politicians are the most corrupt lot.

However, it was only for the petty money minded officials filling their own pockets, the
enormity of the bribery might be restricted to a certain level. According to Management Guru
C.K.Prahalad , the cost of corruption to the country might as well exceed Rs. 250,000 crores.

The total spending for the 2009 Lok Sabha elections is pegged at a whopping Rs. 10,000 crore.
The breakup of this spending throws up some interesting insights too.

* Rs 1,300 crore (Rs 13 billion) by the Election Commission

* Rs 700 crore (Rs 7 billion) by the Centre and state governments

* Rs 8,000 crore (Rs 80 billion) were spent by political parties and individual candidates

8000 crore spent by political parties and individual candidates. Where do they get hold of this
kind of money to spend. Again, it comes as a no brainer that it is hugely attributed to the Private
Funding that political parties attract from big pocket industrialists. The reasons why private
spending of this scale happens again is rather simple Favourtism. It is a well known fact that
government support is crucial for industries small and large. One favourable swing in a huge
tender or a favorable policy, and all the benefits can be reaped.

Given the risky nature of the investments in elections, politicians as venture capitalists, we can
assume, will not settle for less than a 10-fold return.

There can be infrastructure and operational costs, but they can never amount to such alarming
numbers.

Now, when the government is well aware of crores of amount spent on election campaigns and
product like advertisements with politicians selling themselves door to door, why cant
regulations be implemented to stop all this waste of money. However, accountability is
something that leaves a lot for asking and barring which none of the measures to put a stop to
corruption can reap rewards.
It is embarrassing that billions of dollars are being spent on electing leaders who do nothing
more than succumbing to taking bribes after getting elected.

Political corruption and bureaucratic corruption in India are major concerns. A 2005 study done
by Transparency International in India found that more than 15% of the people in India had
firsthand experience of paying bribe or peddling influence to get any type of job done in a public
office. Taxes and bribes are a daily life fact, common between state borders; Transparency
International estimates that truckers pay annually US$5 billion in bribes. For 2010, India was
ranked 87th of 178 countries in Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index. As of
2010, India is amongst the most corrupt governments in the world, though one of the least
corrupt in South Asia. India needs to deal with the malice of corruption and improve governance
in Asia's third-largest economy, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh said on 18 March 2011.

Criminalization of Indian politics is a serious problem. In July 2008 The Washington Post
reported that nearly a fourth of the 540 Indian Parliament members faced criminal charges,
"including human trafficking, immigration rackets, embezzlement, rape and even murder". An
international watchdog conducted a study on the illicit flight of money from India, perhaps the
first ever attempt at shedding light on a subject steeped in secrecy, concludes that India has been
drained of $462 billion (over Rs 20 lakh crore) between 1948 and 2008. The amount is nearly
40% of India's annual gross domestic product.

India tops the list for black money in the entire world with almost US$1456 billion in Swiss
banks (USD 1.4 trillion approximately) in the form of black money. According to the data
provided by the Swiss Banking Association Report (2006), India has more black money than the
rest of the world combined.[12][13] Indian Swiss bank account assets are worth 13 times the
country’s national debt.[14] Indian black money is sometimes physically transferred abroad. The
CEO of a Mumbai-based equity firm recently told journalists that the money is flown abroad in
"special flights" out of Mumbai and Delhi airports to Zurich. Indeed Indians would be the largest
depositors of illegal money in Swiss banks, according to sources in the banking industry. The
estimated average amount stashed away annually from India during 2002-2006 is $27.3 billion
US dollars.

Independent reports have recently calculated India's traditionally ruling family's (Gandhi's)
financial net worth to be anywhere between $9.41 billion (Rs 42,345 crore) to $18.66 billion (Rs
83,900 crore), most of it in the form of illegal monies. Harvard scholar Yevgenia Albats cited
KGB correspondence about payments to Rajiv Gandhi and his family, which had been arranged
by Viktor Chebrikov, which shows that KGB chief Viktor Chebrikov sought in writing an
"authorization to make payments in US dollars to the family members of Rajiv Gandhi, namely
Sonia Gandhi, Rahul Gandhi and Paola Maino, mother of Sonia Gandhi" from the CPSU in
December 1985. “The recent scams involving unimaginably big amounts of money, such as the
2G spectrum scam, are well known. It is estimated that more than trillion dollars are stashed
away in foreign havens, while 80 percent of Indians earn less than 2$ per day and every second
child is malnourished. It seems as if only the honest people are poor in India and want to get rid
of their poverty by education, emigration to cities, and immigration, whereas all the corrupt ones,
like Hasan Ali Khan are getting rich through scams and crime. It seems as if India is a rich
country filled with poor people,” the organisers of Dandi March II in the United States said.

Despite this, India is sitting on unused foreign aid of over 100,000 crore (US$22.2 billion)
reflecting inadequate planning by ministries like urban development, water resources and energy,
a report by government auditor Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) has said. “As
on March 31, 2010, unutilised committed external assistance was of the order of Rs.1,05,339
crore,” the CAG said in its report tabled in Parliament on 18 March 2011. In fact, the Indian
government has paid commitment charges of 86.11 crore (US$19.12 million) out of taxpayer-
money during 2009-10 in the form of penalty for not timely utilising the aid approved by
multilateral and bilateral lending agencies.

History
The economy of India was under socialist-inspired policies for an entire generation from the
1950s until the late 1980s. The economy was subject to extensive regulation, protectionism, and
public ownership, leading to pervasive corruption and slow growth. License Raj was often at the
core of corruption.
The Vohra Report was submitted by the former Indian Union Home Secretary, N.N. Vohra, in
October 1993. It studied the problem of the criminalisation of politics and of the nexus among
criminals, politicians and bureaucrats in India.

The report contained several observations made by official agencies on the criminal network
which was virtually running a parallel government. It also discussed criminal gangs who enjoyed
the patronage of politicians — of all political parties — and the protection of government
functionaries. It revealed that political leaders had become the leaders of gangs. They were
connected to the military. Over the years criminals had been elected to local bodies, State
Assemblies, and even the Parliament. The unpublished annexures to the Vohra Report are
believed to contain highly explosive material.

According to Jitendra Singh, "in the bad old days, particularly pre-1991, when the License Raj
held sway, and by design, all kinds of free market mechanisms were hobbled or stymied, and
corruption emerged almost as an illegitimate price mechanism, a shadowy quasi-market, such
that scarce resources could still be allocated within the economy, and decisions could get made.
These were largely distortions created by the politico-economic regime. While a sea change has
occurred in the years following 1991, some of the distorted cultural norms that took hold during
the earlier period are slowly being repaired by the sheer forces of competition. The process will
be long and slow, however. It will not change overnight." One of the major problems and
obstacles to development that many developing countries face is corruption by greedy, power-
hungry politicians, which is endemic in certain parts of the world.

Areas of Corruption
Politics
Criminalization of Indian politics is a problem.
In July 2008 The Washington Post reported that nearly a fourth of the 540 Indian Parliament members
faced criminal charges, "including human trafficking, immigration rackets, embezzlement, rape and even
murder". At state level, things are often worse. In Uttar Pradesh Assembly elections 2002, candidates
with criminal records won the majority of seats.
Bureaucracy
A 2005 study done by Transparency International (TI) in India found that more than 50% of the people
had firsthand experience of paying bribe or peddling influence to get a job done in a public office. Taxes
and bribes are common between state borders; Transparency International estimates that truckers pay
annually US$5 billion in bribes. A 2009 survey of the leading economies of Asia, revealed Indian
bureaucracy to be not just least efficient out of Singapore, Hong Kong, Thailand, South Korea, Japan,
Malaysia, Taiwan, Vietnam, China, Philippines and Indonesia; further it was also found that working with
India's civil servants was a "slow and painful" process..

Land and property

Officials often steal state property. In cities and villages throughout India, Mafia Raj consisting of
municipal and other government officials, elected politicians, judicial officers, real estate developers and
law enforcement officials, acquire, develop and sell land in illegal ways..

Tendering processes and awarding contracts

Government officials having discretionary powers in awarding contracts engage in preferential treatment
for selected bidders and display negligence in quality control processes. Many state-funded construction
activities in India, such as road building, are dominated by construction mafias, which are groupings of
corrupt public works officials, materials suppliers, politicians and construction contractors. Shoddy
construction and material substitution (e.g. mixing sand in cement while submitting expenses for cement)
result in roads and highways being dangerous, and sometimes simply washed away when India's heavy
monsoon season arrives.

Medicine
In Government Hospitals, corruption is associated with non availability of medicines (or duplicate/fake
medicines), getting admission, consultations with doctors and availing diagnostic services. There have
been cases of diversion of medical supplies from government hospitals and clinics as well as supply and
distribution of medicines of inferior quality Some hospitals are charging extra amounts from rich people.
In India there is an unfair co-operation for medi-insurance companies and hospitals.

Death Certificates
Grieving families are often asked in Government-run offices to pay bribes to obtain the Death Certificate.

Transport
Officials who over see transportation regulations, safety norms, traffic violations engage in rent seeking
activity. Typically a lenient treatment for an offending driver or vehicle is accompanied by expectation of
a bribe. India has multiple jurisdictions for vehicular laws as well as overlapping laws at the central
government and state government level which worsens bureaucratic complications. This leads to
facilitation payments to accelerate normal government processes.
Income tax
There have been several cases of collusion of officials of the income tax department of India for a
favorable tax treatment in return for bribes.[

Preferential award of public resources

As detailed earlier, land in areas with short supply is relatively common with government entities
awarding public land to private concerns at negligible rates. Other examples include the award of mining
leases to private companies without a levy of taxes that is proportionate to the market value of the ore.

Judiciary
Corruption is rampant in the judicial system of India. According to Transparency International, judicial
corruption in India is attributable to factors such as "delays in the disposal of cases, shortage of judges
and complex procedures, all of which are exacerbated by a preponderance of new laws".

Armed forces
The Indian Armed Forces have frequently witnessed corruption involving senior armed forces officers
from the Indian Army, Indian Navy and Indian Air Force. Many officers have been caught for allegedly
selling defence stores in the black market in the border districts of Indian states and territories. Recent
sukhna land scandal involving four Indian Lieutenant Generals has shaken public faith in the country's
growing military at a time when large sums are being spent on modernising the armed forces. A string of
eye-popping fraud cases has damaged the institution in recent years. The latest Adarsh land scam is
another example of the nexus between the armed forces , bureaucracy and the politicians in the
embezzlement of government property.

Police
Indian Police remains amongst the most corrupt departments of government. Even basic functions like
lodging a F.I.R. or reporting a theft can not be done without paying bribe to police officials. Cases are
firstly not registered, victims are encouraged, even threatened for not filing an official complain. If a case
somehow gets registered police doesn't takes any actions.The corrupt politicians and policemen go like
hand in glove, often resulting in exploitation of the masses. Despite State prohibitions against torture and
custodial misconduct by the police, torture is widespread in police custody, which is a major reason
behind deaths in custody. The police often torture innocent people until a 'confession' is obtained to save
influential and wealthy offenders. G.P. Joshi, the programme coordinator of the Indian branch of the
Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative in New Delhi comments that the main issue at hand concerning
police violence is a lack of accountability of the police.

Religious institutions
In India, the corruption has also crept into religious institutions. Some of the Church of North India are
making money by selling Baptism certificates. A group of church leaders and activists has launched a
campaign to combat the corruption within churches. The chief economic consequences of corruption are
the loss to the economy an unhealthy climate for investment and an increase in the cost of government-
subsidised services. The TI India study estimates the monetary value of petty corruption in 11 basic
services provided by the government, like education, healthcare, judiciary, police, etc., to be around
21,068 crore (US$4.7 billion). India still ranks in the bottom quartile of developing nations in terms of the
ease of doing business, and compared to China and other lower developed Asian nations, the average time
taken to secure the clearances for a startup or to invoke bankruptcy is much greater.

Anti-corruption efforts
Privatization and Commercialization of Corruption Overhaul System
The Privatization and Commercialization of Corruption Overhaul System (2011) is a proposed solution to
remove organized corruption by privatizing corruption overhaul system, and providing financial
motivation to the private companies working in sector of Corruption finding and probing business. The
solution is offered by a group of Indians named themselves as "Indian Patriots" and they are promoting
this solution at their website page http://bharatswabhimanbachao.com/Our_Solution_of_Corruption.htm.

The solution if drafted by the "Indian Patriots" founder and president Bharat Chovatiya and it was made
publicly available on March, 15 2011.

Right to information act

The Right to Information Act (2005) and equivalent acts in the states, that require government officials to
furnish information requested by citizens or face punitive action, computerization of services and various
central and state government acts that established vigilance commissions have considerably reduced
corruption or at least have opened up avenues to redress grievances. The 2006 report by Transparency
International puts India at the 70th place and states that significant improvements were made by India in
reducing corruption.

Ombudsmen
The LokAyukta is an anti-government corruption organization in the Indian states. These institutions are
based on the Ombudsman in Scandinavian countries. An amendment to the Constitution has been
proposed to implement the Lokayukta uniformly across Indian States as a three-member body, headed by
a retired Supreme Court judge or high court chief justice, and comprise of the state vigilance
commissioner and a jurist or an eminent administrator as other members.

Whistleblowers
Whistleblowers play a major role in the fight against corruption. India currently does not have a law to
protect whistleblowers, which was highlighted by the assassination of Satyendra Dubey. Indian courts are
regularly ordering probe in cases of murders or so-called suicide of several whistle blowers. One of the
latest case of such murder is of V Sasindran Company Secretary of Palakkad based Malabar Cement
Limited, a Government company in Kerala and his two minor children, Kerala High Court ordered CBI
probe on 18th February 2011. Initially, CBI showed its unwillingness for probing into such cases citing
over-burden as a reason.

Creation of Anti-Corruption Police and Courts

Some have called for the Central Government to create an anti-theft law enforcement agency that
investigates and prosecutes corruption at all levels of government, including state and local level. Special
courts that are more efficient than the traditional Indian courts with traveling judges and law enforcement
agents are being proposed. The proposal has not yet been acted upon by the Indian government. Certain
states such as Andhra Pradesh (Andhra Pradesh Anti-corruption Bureau) and Karnataka (Lokayukta) have
similar agencies and courts.

Civil sector initiatives

Several new initiatives have come up in the civil sector to raise awareness about Corruption related issues
and to build anti-corruption platforms. 5th Pillar is one such organization that is promoting the use of
Zero Rupee Notes to fight corruption by shaming the officials who ask for bribe. Another popular
initiative Jaago Re! One Billion Votes from Tata Tea has now changed its focus from voter registration to
fighting corruption. nobribe.org is another platform for corruption free India and advocates the use of
direct and regular measurement of corruption to force the hands of the leadership into dealing with
corruption related issues.

Another platform is http://www.indiaagainstcorruption.com India Against Corruption is a movement

created by concerned citizens from all spheres, and professions, who've come together to fight corruption
in India. http://www.ipaidabribe.com is one such site.

People For Lok Satta has taken the initiative to lead the National Campaign Against Corruption and
Dandi March II.

Another site which has recently sprung up is www.ekakizunj.com. It is inspired byG. R. Khairnar, the
erstwhile Mumbai Municipal Deputy Commissioner and intend to create a database of all the corrupt in
India.
Indian Corruption and Bribery report

The above numbers clearly suggest that Bribery in India is at a grass root level with close 86%
demands were done for $5000 or less (2,50,000 rupees or less, out which more than half were for
$26 (Rs. 1300) or less.

Because, corruption takes place at such a grass root level, it is extremely difficult to contain it.

Having said that, 14 people out of 100 taking bribes are for amount more than $5000 (Rs.
2,50,000). Actually, if you look at the top officials are even more corrupt. I will tell you why I
say that –

The number of big bosses is merely 1% to 2% of all officials, yet according to the report 14% of
bribes are of huge amounts, showing that big bosses are involved even more compared to low
level officials who are taking bribes.

On a sidenote, China’s number is much higher with 24% of reported demands were for amounts
between $5,001 and $50,000, 6% of reported demands were for amounts between $50,001 and
$500,000, and 6% were for amounts greater than $500,000.

IN A modern mixed capitalist system the basic framework has to do with how the economy
performs with a wide range of instruments at its disposal (like taxation, public spending, state
participation in production, direct controls, regulations, legislation, monetary and debt policy).
The functions of the state are very much affected by the kind of ground rules under which the
private economy operates. In turn, all of us are constantly affected by the economic and other
decisions of the government.

In its wide connotation, government or state has three important and mutually dependent
components: voters, legislators and administrators (or bureaucrats). They have strong
relationships with one another. Voters express their preferences with relation to public decisions,
which may or may not be honoured by the legislators who take eventual decisions. The decisions
are implemented by the administrators who may or may not be effective. The role of information
and of interest groups is crucial to these inter-linkages. The functioning of the economy, and the
roles of individuals in their capacity as voters, legislators, and administrators get distorted,
amongst other things, by corrupt and immoral practices called ’rent-seeking’ and ’directly
unproductive profit seeking’ activities in the terminology of the ’New Political Economy’
implying, apart from other things, dishonest and improper use of one’s power or position for
purposes of making illegal money or enhancing one’s power and influence

The purpose of this write-up is to briefly analyse the corruption scenario in India as compared to
other Asian countries and also to suggest ways and means to combat it in terms of the experience
of other countries.

In economic literature there is enough proof to show that

1. There is a positive correlation between pervasive (widespread) and individual-level corruption

basically due to upward and downward linkages amongst the stakeholders leading to trickle-up
and trickle-down effects;

2. The actual level/degree of corruption is beyond any direct measurement, and hence one has to
rely on:

i. Proxy instruments based on written documents (like press reports, opinion polls, court
proceedings and judgements, judicial records, records from anti-corruption agencies), and even
television talk shows and inside stories and also on limited amount of scattered survey data, if
any.

ii. Certain indices like the Corruption Perception Index (CPI), as used and published by
Transparency International. The Business International Index (BII) as used by Business
International, a subsidiary of the Economist’s Intelligence Unit, and the Global Competitiveness
Report Index (GCRI) as based on a survey of firm managers who were queried on the extent of
corruption relating to various aspects of business.

The three indices as mentioned in ii) above, and others that can possibly be formulated in a
similar way are in fact ’robust’ indices in the sense of reliability, and also because they capture,
by and large, several close and remote proxy variables directly or indirectly linked with various
kinds of corrupt practices.

The CPI reflects the level at which corruption is perceived by people working for multi-national
firms and institutions having a direct impact on economic, social, and commercial life. The BII
takes into account business transactions involving corrupt practices and questionable payments.
The GCRI is more comprehensive and is based on questions relating to import and export
permits, business licences, exchange controls, tax assessments, police protection and loan
applications. There are no indices, whatsoever, to measure the level of corruption emanating
from the functioning of political systems and bureaucratic mechanisms.

For all the three indices lower score means less corruption, and higher score implies more
corruption. In terms of these indices about a decade back, Singapore was the least corrupt
country, but for other countries, the three indices, taken together, presented a mixed picture: the
BII ranked Thailand and Indonesia, the CPI ranked Bangladesh and the GCRI identified
Indonesia and Philippines as the most corrupt countries.

In this kind of situation, the best thing is to rely only on indices like GCRI that are relatively
more comprehensive capturing corruption in different spheres, and in different shades.

In terms of these indices, India was ranked quite high in the given Asian countries at number
four both in terms of BII and CPI and at number three in terms of GCRI. According to the CPI
for the year 2000, India, once again, fell in the most corrupt countries of the world having 69th
position among the 90 surveyed countries. In fact, the corruption scenario in India is highly
dismal and is growing worse. There is another fact in terms of rent-seeking losses to India’s
national income that substantiates this high level of corruption in the country. These losses
amounted to between 30 percent and 40 percent in 1980 and 1981, and looking at what is
happening in the country both in terms of commitment of political leadership and anti corruption
measures, it can easily be maintained that, over the years, corruption levels with their
pervasiveness and individual portraits have gone up.

Given the perceived high levels of corruption in India and also the fact that it has been in a way
institutionalized, leading to unauthorized leakages of monetary and other resources1, it is a pity
that neither our political leaders nor our administrators ever talk of corruption, its levels and its
minimization or reduction as an overall strategy of either the various plans, or the annual budgets
or other such programs. In the matrix of anti-corruption strategies, as based on the level of
commitment of political leaders and the adequacy of anti-corruption measures, India perhaps
falls in the ’Hopeless’ strategy cell indicating weak political commitment and inadequate anti-
corruption measures, whereas a country like Singapore falls in the ’Effective’ strategy cell
indicating strong political commitment and adequate anti-corruption measures.
National scenario

Corruption in India is a consequence of the nexus between Bureaucracy, politics and criminals.
India is now no longer considered a soft state. It has now become a consideration state where
everything can be had for a consideration. Today, the number of ministers with an honest image
can be counted on fingers. At one time, bribe was paid for getting wrong things done but now
bribe is paid for getting right things done at right time.

Effect of corruption

Indian administration is tainted with scandals. India is among 55 of the 106 countries where
corruption is rampant, according to the Corruption Perception Index 2004 Report released by
Transparency International India. Corruption in India leads to promotion not prison. It is very
difficult to catch ‘big sharks’. Corruption in India has wings not wheels. As nation grows, the
corrupt also grow to invent new methods of cheating the government and public.

Causes of corruption

The causes of corruption are many and complex. Following are some of the causes of corruption.

· Emergence of political elite who believe in interest-oriented rather than nation-oriented

programmes and policies.

· Artificial scarcity created by the people with malevolent intentions wrecks the fabric of the
economy.

· Corruption is caused as well as increased because of the change in the value system and ethical
qualities of men who administer. The old ideals of morality, service and honesty are regarded as
an achronistic.

· Tolerance of people towards corruption, complete lack of intense public outcry against
corruption and the absence of strong public forum to oppose corruption allow corruption to reign
over people.

· Vast size of population coupled with widespread illiteracy and the poor economic infrastructure
lead to endemic corruption in public life.

· In a highly inflationary economy, low salaries of government officials compel them to resort to
the road of corruption. Graduates from IIMs with no experience draw a far handsome salary than
what government secretaries draw.

· Complex laws and procedures alienate common people to ask for any help from government.

· Election time is a time when corruption is at its peak level. Big industrialist fund politicians to
meet high cost of election and ultimately to seek personal favour. Bribery to politicians buys
influence, and bribery by politicians buys votes.
Measures to combat corruption

Is it possible to contain corruption in our society? Corruption is a cancer, which every Indian
must strive to cure. Many new leaders when come into power declare their determination to
eradicate corruption but soon they themselves become corrupt and start amassing huge wealth.

There are many myths about corruption, which have to be exploded if we really want to combat
it. Some of these myths are: Corruption is a way of life and nothing can be done about it. Only
people from underdeveloped or developing countries are prone to corruption. We will have to
guard against all these crude fallacies while planning measures to fight corruption.

· Foolproof laws should be made so that there is no room for discretion for politicians and
bureaucrats. The role of the politician should be minimized. Application of the evolved policies
should be left in the hands of independent commission or authority in each area of public
interest. Decision of the commission or authority should be challengeable only in the courts.

· Cooperation of the people has to be obtained for successfully containing corruption. People
should have a right to recall the elected representatives if they see them becoming indifferent to
the electorate.

· Funding of elections is at the core of political corruption. Electoral reforms are crucial in this
regard. Several reforms like: State funding of election expenses for candidates; strict
enforcement of statutory requirements like holding in-party elections, making political parties get
their accounts audited regularly and filing income-tax returns; denying persons with criminal
records a chance to contest elections, should be brought in.

· Responsiveness, accountability and transparency are a must for a clean system. Bureaucracy,
the backbone of good governance, should be made more citizen friendly, accountable, ethical
and transparent.

· More and more courts should be opened for speedy & inexpensive justice so that cases don’t
linger in courts for years and justice is delivered on time.

· Local bodies, Independent of the government, like Lokpals, Lokadalats, CVCs and Vigilance
Commissions should be formed to provide speedy justice with low expenses.

· A new Fundamental Right viz. Right to Information should be introduced, which will empower
the citizens to ask for the information they want. Barring some confidential information, which
concerns national and international security, other information should be made available to
general public as and when required. Stringent actions against corrupt officials will certainly
have a deterrent impact.
Conclusion
Corruption is an intractable problem. It is like diabetes, can only be controlled, but not totally
eliminated. It may not be possible to root out corruption completely at all levels but it is possible
to contain it within tolerable limits. Honest and dedicated persons in public life, control over
electoral expenses could be the most important prescriptions to combat corruption. Corruption
has a corrosive impact on our economy. It worsens our image in international market and leads
to loss of overseas opportunities. Corruption is a global problem that all countries of the world
have to confront, solutions, however, can only be home grown..

Until we will not take step forward to remove corruption from root, the word developing country
will always be attached with our country INDIA . So we the common man are solution for
removing corruption from our INDIA and hence we will be also helpful in making our country
developed.

I used the sentence “we the common man are the solution” because we are the only reason why
corruption is so popular in INDIA. We are the person who are motivating corruption to be
successful. We support corruption that is why it exit . Since we are the only person who elect
ministers that are supporting corruption in INDIA .
We know that a particular candidate is not fit to be a minister but then also we vote for him in
election , and that particular minister does not work hard for leading INDIA at first position , he
do not perform his duty well . The main goal of these type of minister is to vacant INDIAN
treasury so that there own treasury can be filled . The money which comes from government of
INDIA for development of society is not used by the ministers for the purpose for which it came
for instead of all this it used up by the ministers in filling their own treasury .

So from all the above stated reason we can conclude that are accept that we the common people
who are supporting corruption to exit and hence we are only reason why our country INDIA is
not an developed country yet. If this will be the situation for the coming years also then the time
taken by INDIA to be a developed country will be increased by some years more. So I here
thereby end with a promise from you people that you will be working against corruption to
remove it from root . Common citizen of INDIA let us start working from now onwards with
common goal of removing corruption from INDIA . Think the day when we will achieve our
goal and whole world will say “INDIA IS AN DEVELOPED COUNTRY”
how much glad we will be feeling . Then only sacrifices of our freedom fighters will achieve
their goal .

We Have Tolerated Corruption For So Long

The Time Has Now Come To Root It Out From Its roots .
References
• Wikipedia.org

• Combating Corruption By Sunil Sondhi

• www.merinews.com

• www.articlebase.com

• www.mylot.com