ASSEMBLER LANGUAGE

INTRODUCTION
 AIM
To introduce assembly
language for programmers who already know any
High level Language on Mainframes.
Any High Level Language
Assembler Language

Assembler
 Machine, Assembly and High Level Languages

• A program that can be processed directly by the hardware is called

Machine Language program. A program that can be translated into
machine language is said to be written in a computer programming
language.
• An assembly language program consists of statements that are
processed by a program known as assembler.
• A program that can be translated into machine language is said to be
written in a computer programming language which is a high level
langauage.
• Assembly Time, Run time and Load time
 Why assembler?

 Where do we come across assembler

programs?
 1 byte = 8 bits
 1 Half Word = 16 bits
 1 Word = 32 bits
 1 Double Word = 64 bits

EBCDIC  8 bit code

ASCII  7 bit code
COMPUTE
SAL = BASIC + DA + HRA

L 3, BASIC
A 3, DA
A 3, HRA
ST 3, SAL
 Number Systems

• Binary e.g. B’11011001’

• Hexadecimal Representation e.g. x‘D9’

• Packed Decimal e.g. 12345C

• Zoned Decimal e.g. F1F2F3

 Number Systems

• Binary e.g. B’11011001’

• Hexadecimal Representation e.g. x‘D9’

• Packed Decimal e.g. 12345C

• Zoned Decimal e.g. F1F2F3

 Number Systems

• Binary e.g. B’11011001’

• Hexadecimal Representation e.g. x‘D9’

• Packed Decimal e.g. 12345C

• Zoned Decimal e.g. F1F2F3

 Number Systems

• Binary e.g. B’11011001’

• Hexadecimal Representation e.g. x‘D9’

• Packed Decimal e.g. 12345C

• Zoned Decimal e.g. F1F2F3

 Number Systems

• Binary e.g. B’11011001’

• Hexadecimal Representation e.g. x‘D9’

• Packed Decimal e.g. 12345C

• Zoned Decimal e.g. F1F2F3

 Number Systems

• Binary e.g. B’11011001’

• Hexadecimal Representation e.g. x‘D9’

• Packed Decimal e.g. 12345C

• Zoned Decimal e.g. F1F2F3

 Number Systems

• Binary e.g. B’11011001’

• Hexadecimal Representation e.g. x‘D9’

• Packed Decimal e.g. 12345C

• Zoned Decimal e.g. F1F2F3

• PC370 emulator

This software is used to write and execute sample assembler

programs in windows machines. This simulates 390 environment.
 Check everything before you travel

• Machine Language, Assembly Language and High Level Language

• Assembly time, Load time and Run time
• Bits and Bytes
• Addressing.
• Number System
• Data Types
• Data Storage
• Literals
• Instruction sets
• Instruction Formats
• Machine Language Formats
• Instruction types
• What’s addressability ?
• What are assembler directives?
• What is base displacement form of addressing?
• Why is base displacement form of addressing required?
• Why 4096 bytes limit?
• What is PSW?
• What are the registers present in 390 Mainframe?
• How can we access registers?
• What is a CSECT?
• What is a DSECT?
• Can a program have more than one CSECT ?
• General coding format
• Save area concept
• House Keeping routine
• File definitions
• Relative addressing
• Character comparisions
• Defining data and data areas
• EBCDIC encoding
 You are flying now…

• Data conversions
• Logical operations
• Character instructions
• Packed arithmetic
• Shift computations
• Edit patterns
• Internal and external subroutines
• Macros
• Store multiple and load multiple
• Branching to other programs, Linkage conventions
• Passing parameters to programs
 Don’t relax…some number crunching here….

• Blanking out a Line

• Bumping a DSECT
• Counting binary loops