EFFECTIVE

COMMUNICATION

By: Franklin P. Gumapon

April 28, 2011
 The Parts of Speech
• Noun (names)
• Pronoun (takes the place of a noun)
- Personal pronouns
I, me he, him it they, them
you she, her we, us
Possessive forms
my, mine his its their, theirs
your, yours her, hers our,
ours
- Relative pronouns
who whose that
whom which

- Interrogative pronouns
who which whose
whom what
- Demonstrative pronouns
this these that those
- Indefinite pronouns
all another any anybody anyone
both each everybody everyone few
many more nobody one several
some
someone such either everything
none
somebody much
• Adjective (modifies a noun or pronoun)
• Verb (shows action or helps to make a
statement)
• Adverb (modifies a verb, an adjective or
another adverb)
• Preposition (relates a noun or pronoun to
another word)
• Conjunction (joins word or group of words)
• Interjection (shows emotion)
Sentence is a word or group of words
expressing a complete thought.
It consists of two parts: the subject and the
predicate.
The subject is that part about which
something is being said.
The predicate is that part which says
something about the subject.
e.g.: Ana sings.
 Elementary Principles of Composition
1. Choose a suitable design and hold to it.
- determine the shape of what is to come
and pursue that shape.
2. Make the paragraph the unit of
composition.
- As long as it holds together, a
paragraph may be of any length.
3. Use the active voice.
I shall always remember my first visit to
Dapitan.
4. Put statements in positive form.
-Avoid tame, colorless, hesitating,
noncommittal language.
e.g: He was not very often on time.
Write: He usually came late.
Maria did not think that going to school was
a sensible way to use one’s time.
Write: Maria thought going to school a waste
of time.
Applicants can make a good impression by
being neat and punctual.
Write: Applicants will make a good
impression if they are neat and punctual.
5. Use definite, specific, concrete language.
A period of unfavorable weather set in.
Write: It rained every day for a week.
6. Omit needless words.
there is no doubt but that no doubt
used for fuel purpose use for fuel
7. Avoid a succession of loose sentences.
8. Express coordinate ideas in similar forms.
-enables the reader to recognize more
readily the likeness of content and function.
e.g.: “Blessed are the poor in spirit: for theirs is
the kingdom of heaven.
9. Keep related words together.
He noticed a large stain in the rug that was
right in the center.
Write: He noticed a large stain in the center of
the rug.
10. In summaries, keep to one tense.
11. Place the emphatic words of a sentence
at the end.
Humanity has hardly advanced in fortitude
since the time, though it has advanced in
many other ways.
Write: Since the time, humanity has
advanced in many ways, but it has hardly
advanced in fortitude.
 Business Correspondence
Forms/styles of a business letter:
1.Block style
- Every line, except for the heading and
complimentary close, begins at the left-
hand.
2. Semiblock, or block indented style
-Opening line of each paragraph is indented
either five or ten spaces.
3. Full block style
-Every lines begins at the left hand.
Parts of a business letter
1. Heading
2. Inside Address
3. Salutation
4. Body
5. Closing
6. Signature
 G/F Nadala Bldg., Rizal Ave.
Estaka, Dipolog City
April 28, 2011

Mrs. ERLINDA R. NUNAG

Provincial Librarian
Zamboanga del Norte Provincial Library
Estaka, Dipolog City

Dear Mrs. Nunag:

______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________.

Very truly yours,

ELMER ATIENZA
Liaison Officer
Types of inside addresses
1. Inside address to a firm or group.
The first line of the address is the name
of the firm or group; the salutation is
Gentlemen followed by a colon.
e.g.: The National Grid Corporation of the Philippines
National Highway
Sangali, Zamboanga City

Gentlemen:
2. Inside address to an individual by title
rather than name.
- traditional salutation is Dear Sir: or
Dear Madam:
- impersonal salutation can be also
used.
e.g.: Sales Manager
San Miguel Corporation
Dipolog Sales Office, Sicayab
Dipolo City

Dear Sir:
3. Inside address to an individual whose
name is used.
The first line of the address is the name
of the individual, preceded by a title and
followed by an official position.
e.g.: Atty. Paul G. Gudmalin
President, Integrated Bar of the Philippines
Zamboanga del Norte Chapter
Tomas Claudio Street, Dipolog City

Dear Atty. Gudmalin:

4. Special forms of address and salutation.
a)State President
The President
Malacanang Palace
Manila

Dear Mr. President:

b) Senator
The Honorable Franklin Drilon
Philippine Senate
Manila
 Dear Senator Drilon:

c) Governor/Mayor
e.g. Hon. ROLANDO E. YEBES
Provincial Governor
Province of Zamboanga del Norte
Capitol Building, Dipolog City

Dear Governor Yebes:

• The Body
1. It is typed single space, with a double
space between paragraphs.
2. It must be short and clear.
3. It must be written with courtesy, tact and
friendliness.
4. It must use simple and direct language.
5. Decide the order of the points to be
covered.
• The Closing
Type the closing two spaces below the
last line of the body of the letter. Capitalize
the first word only, and follow the entire
closing with a comma.
 Interpersonal Communication
• Message development
- a combination of science and art.
- it should have the emotional power of
artistry to influence target audience
towards positive behavior change.
• Messages should:
- be evidence-based
- be audience-driven
- be culturally acceptable
 - be properly positioned in the
minds of the intended audience.

• Message enhances appeal,

approach, content, context and
source.
 5 Ps in Communication
1. Personal
2. Popular
3. Pervasive
4. Profitable
5. Professional
 7Cs in Communication
1. Commands attention
2. Caters to the heart and head
3. Clarifies the message
4. Communicates benefits
5. Creates trust
6. Calls audience to action
7. Consistent
 Opening Statement & Attention-
getter
• Introduction
• Confirm the time
• Confirm the needs
• State the objectives
• State the content exception
• Propose a two-way process
+ Attention-getter (statement, a graphic-
visual, etc.)
 Telephone Etiquette
1. Answer calls by the second or third ring.
2. Smile when you answer your call. The
caller hear the smile of your voice.
3. Speak clearly.
4. Be enthusiastic and respectful.
5. Never eat, drink, or chew gum while you
are answering the phone.
6. When you take a call, turn away from
your computer desk and other work.
7. Practice good listening skills.
8. Always use a pleasant and friendly tone.
9. Use the caller’s name in your
conversation.
10. When hanging up the phone, make sure
the caller or the person called hangs up
first.
11. If there is a problem, be concerned,
empathetic, and apologetic.
12. Do not give the impression that you are
rushed.
13. Always have something to write with.
14. Never interrupt the person while he/she
is talking to you.
15. Never engage in an argument with the
caller.
16. Do not forget to return the call as you
promised.
17. Avoid unnecessary jargon and acronyms
in your conversations.
18. Before placing the caller on hold, ask his
permission first and thank him.
19. Learn how to handle several callers
simultaneously with ease and grace.
20. Thank the caller for calling. Ask them to
call again.
Thank you.