Urban Data

Presentation
By :
Hakimah Khani Binti
Suhaimi
2008409718

Urban Health Posting - 5th Rotation 20111

Question 12
Analyze only the samples in u r b a n area, do the relevant


significant test to prove the hypotheses below:



a. In urban area, peoples of lower household income are

more likely to be d e p r e s s e d than peoples of higher
household income.
b. In urban area, peoples of lower household income are
more likely to be a n x i e t y than peoples of higher
household income.
c. In urban area, peoples of lower household income are
more likely to be s t r e s s f u l than peoples of higher
household income.

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Depressio
n Hypotheses – Depression
 Null hypothesis :
 There is no difference between the presence of
depression of urban people of higher and lower monthly
household income.


 Alternative hypothesis :
 In urban area, people of lower household income are
more likely to be depressed than people of higher
monthly household income.


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Depressio
n
Monthly Household Income v s Depressio n Cro ssta bulation
Depression To tal
No dep ression Dep ression
Monthly less than Cou nt 113 41 1 54
Household RM1500 % with 73.4 % 1 00%
Income 26.6 %
dep ression
more than Cou nt 205 41 2 46
RM1500 % with 83.3 % 1 00%
16.7 %
dep ression
Total Cou nt 318 82 4 00
% with 100 .0% 1 00 .0 % 1 00%
dep ression

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Depressio
n Percentage of People with Depression According
to Monthly Household Income Status in Urban Area

Percentage

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Depressio
n Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asy mp . Sig . Ex act Sig. Ex act Sig .
(2 -sided) (2-sid ed ) (1-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 5 .7 61 a 1 .016

 a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5.

 The minimum expected count is 31.57.
 b. Computed only for a 2x2 table


p = 0 . 0 1 6 (p < 0.050)
There is s i g n i f i c a n t a s s o c i a t i o n between the presence
of depression of urban people with monthly household
income status.
T h e rate of depression level in people in urban
area who have low income is significantly higher
than that of high income


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Anxiety
Hypotheses – Anxiety
 Null hypothesis :
 There is no difference between the presence of
anxiety of urban people of higher and lower monthly
household income.


 Alternative hypothesis :
 In urban area, people of lower household income are
more likely to have anxiety than people of higher
monthly household income.


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Anxiety

Monthly Household Inco me v s Anxiety Cro ssta bulation

Anx iety To tal

No Anx iety An xiety

Monthly less than Cou nt 89 65 15 4

Ho usehold RM1500
Income % with anx iety 5 7.8% 42 .2 % 10 0%

more th an Cou nt 1 63 83 24 6
RM1500
% with anx iety 6 6.3% 33 .7 % 10 0%

Total Cou nt 2 52 14 8 40 0

% with anx iety 6 3.0% 37 .0 % 10 0%

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Anxiety
Percentage of Anxiety According to Monthly
Household Income Status

Percentage

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Anxiety
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asy mp . Sig . Ex act Sig. Ex act Sig .

(2 -sided) (2-sid ed ) (1-sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 2 .9 13 a 1 .088

 a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5.

 The minimum expected count is 56.98.
 b. Computed only for a 2x2 table


p = 0 . 0 8 8 (p > 0.050)
There is n o s i g n i f i c a n t a s s o c i a t i o n between the
presence of anxiety of urban people with monthly
household income status.


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10
Stress
Hypotheses – Stress
 Null hypothesis :
 There is no difference between the presence of
stress of urban people of higher and lower monthly
household income.


 Alternative hypothesis :
 In urban area, people of lower household income are
more likely to have stress than people of higher monthly
household income.


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11
Stress

Income vs Depression
Stress Crosstabulation
Lev el Crosstabula tion

StAnxiety
re ss level TTotal
ota l

NoNosAnxiety
tre ss S tr ess
Anxiety

Monthly less
Monthly less
than tha nCount
C ou nt 13260
2 2 2137 1397
54
RM1500
Household RM1500
Income
Income within
%%within anxiety level 8548.6%
.7% 1 451.7%
.3% 149.6%
00 %
s tr es s
more
more thantha nCount
C ou nt 21275
4 3 2128 2403
46
RM1500
RM1500
within
%%within anxiety level 8751.4%
.0% 1 348.3%
.0% 150.4%
00 %
s tr es s
Total
Total Count
C ou nt 34535
6 5 4265 4800
00

%%within
withinanxiety level 86100.0%
.5% 1 3100.0%
.5% 1100.0%
00 %
s tr es s

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Stress
Percentage of Stress According to Monthly
Household Income Status

Percentage

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13
Stress
Chi-Square Tests

Value df Asy mp . Sig . Ex act Sig. Ex act Sig .

(2 -sided) (2-sid ed ) (1-sided)

.68 21 a
Pearson Chi-Square .13 1 .4 09
.716

 a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5.

 The minimum expected count is 20.79.
 b. Computed only for a 2x2 table


p = 0 . 7 1 6 (p > 0.050)
There is n o s i g n i f i c a n t a s s o c i a t i o n between the
presence of stress of urban people with monthly household
income status.


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14
Summary
 There is a s i g n i f i c a n t a s s o c i a t i o n between the presence
of depression of urban people with monthly household
income status.

 The rate of depression level in people in urban area
who have low monthly household income is
significantly higher than that of high monthly
household income.

 There is n o s i g n i f i c a n t a s s o c i a t i o n between the presence
of anxiety of urban people with monthly household income
status.

 There is n o s i g n i f i c a n t a s s o c i a t i o n between the presence
of stress of urban people with monthly household income
status.

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