pKa's of Inorganic and Oxo-Acids Chem 206

Substrate pKa H2O (DMSO) Substrate pKa H2O (DMSO) Substrate pKa H2O (DMSO) Substrate pKa H2O (DMSO)
INORGANIC ACIDS CARBOXYLIC ACIDS ALCOHOLS PROTONATED SPECIES
H2O 15.7 (32) O
(31.2) O
HOH 15.7
N+ -12.4
H3O+ -1.7 X OH MeOH 15.5 (27.9) Ph OH
X= CH3 4.76 (12.3) i-PrOH (29.3)
+
OH
H2S 7.00 16.5
CH2NO2 1.68 -7.8
t-BuOH 17.0 (29.4) Ph OH
HBr -9.00 (0.9) CH2F 2.66 +
c-hex3COH OH
HCl -8.0 (1.8) CH2Cl 2.86 24.0
-6.2
CH2Br 2.86 CF3CH2OH 12.5 (23.5) Ph CH3
HF 3.17 (15)
CH2I 3.12 (CF3)2CHOH 9.3 (18.2) H
HOCl 7.5 CHCl2 1.29 O+ -6.5
C6H5OH 9.95 (18.0) Ph Me
HClO4 -10 CCl3 0.65
CF3 -0.25 m-O2NC6H4OH 8.4 H

HCN 9.4 (12.9) O+ -3.8

H 3.77 p-O2NC6H4OH 7.1 (10.8) Me Me
HN3 4.72 (7.9) HO 3.6, 10.3 p-OMeC6H4OH 10.2 (19.1) O+ H -2.05
C6H5 4.2 (11.1)
HSCN 4.00 2-napthol (17.1) H
o-O2NC6H4 2.17 O+ -2.2
H2SO3 1.9, 7.21 m-O2NC6H4 2.45 OXIMES & HYDROXAMIC ACIDS Me
+
H
OH
p-O2NC6H4 3.44 OH
H2SO4 -3.0, 1.99 N S -1.8
o-ClC6H4 2.94 11.3 (20.1) Me Me
H3PO4 2.12, 7.21, Ph Ph
12.32 m-ClC6H4 3.83 O
N+ OH 0.79 (+1.63)
HNO3 -1.3 OH 8.88 (13.7)
p-ClC6H4 3.99 Ph N (NH)
O H Me
HNO2 3.29 o-(CH3)3N+C6H4 1.37
OH Me N OH (+5.55)
p-(CH3)3N+C6H4 3.43 Ph N (18.5)
H2CrO4 -0.98, 6.50 Me
p-OMeC6H4 4.47 Me
CH3SO3H -2.6 (1.6) SULFINIC & SULFONIC ACIDS
O
PEROXIDES
CF3SO3H -14 (0.3)
R OH O O
NH4Cl 9.24 S -2.6
R= H 4.25 MeOOH 11.5 Me OH
B(OH)3 9.23 trans-CO2H 3.02, 4.38 O
CH3CO3H 8.2
S 2.1
HOOH 11.6 cis-CO2H 1.92, 6.23 Ph OH

*Values <0 for H2O and DMSO, and values >14 for water and >35 for DMSO were extrapolated using various methods.
For a comprehensive compilation of Bordwell pKa data see: http://www.chem.wisc.edu/areas/reich/pkatable/index.htm

pKa Table.1 11/4/05 1:43 PM

D.H. Ripin, D.A. Evans pKa's of Nitrogen Acids Chem 206

Substrate pKa H2O (DMSO) Substrate pKa H2O (DMSO) Substrate pKa H2O (DMSO) Substrate pKa H2O (DMSO)

PROTONATED NITROGEN AMINES IMIDES HYDROXAMIC ACID & AMIDINES

HN3 4.7 (7.9) O O O
N+H4 9.2 (10.5) 8.88 (13.7)
NH3 38 (41) OH (NH)
EtN+H 3 10.6 NH 8.30 NH (14.7) Ph N
i-Pr2NH (36 THF)) H
i-Pr2N+H2 11.05
TMS2NH 26(THF) (30) NSO2Ph
O O R= Me (17.3)
Et3N+H 10.75 (9.00) PhNH2 (30.6) Ac2NH (17.9) Ph (15.0)
R NH2
PhN+H3 4.6 (3.6) Ph2NH (25.0) Me
Me SULFONAMIDE
PhN+(Me) 5.20 (2.50) NCNH2 (16.9) HETEROCYCLES
2H
NH (37) RSO2NH2 R = Me (17.5)
Ph2N+H2 0.78 NH (44) Ph (16.1) H (20.95) H
Me CF3 6.3 (9.7) N
N
(16.4)
2-napthal-N+H3 4.16 Me
MeSO2NHPh (12.9)
H2NN+H3 8.12 H2N N (26.5) H N
GUANIDINIUM, N
(11.9)
HON+H3 5.96 HYRDAZONES,- IDES, & -INES N NH (23.0)
H AMIDES & CARBAMATES N+H2 N
Quinuclidine N+ 11.0 (9.80) (13.6) NNH2 (21.6)
O R= H (23.5) Me2N NMe2 Ph Me X= O (24) N
CH3 15.1 (25.5) HN
Morpholine O N+H2 8.36
O
(18.9) N X X= S (13.3) (18.6)
R NH2
Ph (23.3) H
Ph NHNH2 X
N-Me morpholine 7.38 CF3 (17.2)
NO2 PhSO2NHNH2 (17.2) X= O (14.8)
(urea) NH2 (26.9) NH
PhNHNHPh X= S (11.8) N
+ OEt (24.8) (26.1) N (13.9)
O2N NH3 -9.3 N
O O
PROTONATED HETEROCYCLES H X
Ph 12 (20.5) X= O (24.4)
NO2 Et N N H
(21.6) O NH N X= S (27.0)
H (12) (estimate) N N
N+ H DBU (19.8)
2.97, 8.82 + H
DABCO N+ (2.97, 8.93) O Bn N
O H S S
H
n= 1 (24.1) (20.8) DMAP H (29.4) H (16.5)
H3N+ NH +
+NH 6.90, 9.95 n= 2 (26.4) O NH + NH N N+
3
( )n Me2N NH 9.2 6.95 Me Me
+NH +NH HN
3 3 i-Pr
-9.0, 12.0 O R Me
O 5.21 (3.4) R= H (PPTS)
NMe N
Proton Sponge (--, 7.50) (15) (24)
O 4.95 (0.90)
+ t-Bu H H
O NH NH
N (12.1) (4.46) N + (18.4) N+
H 6.75 Me
Me
Me
PhCN+H -10 R 0.72 Cl, H i-Pr

*Values <0 for H2O and DMSO, and values >14 for water and >35 for DMSO were extrapolated using various methods.

For a comprehensive compilation of Bordwell pKa data see: http://www.chem.wisc.edu/areas/reich/pkatable/index.htm

pKa Table.2 11/4/05 1:43 PM
 D.H. Ripin, D.A. Evans pKa's of CH bonds in Hydrocarbons and Carbonyl Compounds Chem 206

Substrate pKa H2O (DMSO) Substrate pKa H2O (DMSO) Substrate pKa H2O (DMSO) Substrate pKa H2O (DMSO)
O
HYDROCARBONS ESTERS KETONES
(Me)3CH O O Me
53 24.5 (30.3)
X
(Me)2CH2 51 t-BuO Me Me X
O (26.5)
X= H
CH2=CH2 Ph (23.6) Ph (19.8) X= H (24.7)
50
t-BuO (18.7) (25.7)
O SPh OMe
CH4 48 (56) NMe2 (27.5)
(20.0) COCH3 9 (13.3)
N+Me3 (23.8)
46 EtO SO2Ph (12.5) Br
O O O CN (22.0)
CH2=CHCH3 43 (44) 11 (14.2) 19-20 (27.1) O
EtO Me Et Et
O
PhH 43 O O
13 (15.7) (28.3) n
PhCH3 (43) i-Pr O i-Pr
41 MeO OMe
O (27.7)
Ph2CH2 33.5 (32.2) t-Bu O Me
n= 4 (25.1)
S (20.9) (25.8)
MeO (26.3) 5
Ph3CH 31.5 (30.6)
S Ph i-Pr 6 (26.4)
HCCH 24 O O 7 (27.7)
Ph
[30.2 (THF)] 8 (27.4)
PhCCH 23 (28.8) X
LiO Ph

XC6H4CH3 X= H (24.7)
AMIDES
CH3 (24.4) (28.1)
X= p-CN (30.8) O O
(26.6) Ph (17.7)
p-NO2 (20.4) Ph COCH3 (14.2)
Me2N
O COPh (13.3) (29.0)
p-COPh (26.9) (25.9) O
SPh CN (10.2)
Me Me Me2N
O F (21.6)
(26.1) (24.9) (22.85) O
N+Me3 OMe (25.5)
Me Me Et2N
O OPh (21.1)
SPh (16.9)
CN
20 (20.1) N (17.2) SePh (18.6)
NPh2 (20.3) O
O O (32.4)
15 (18.0) (18.2) N+Me3 (14.6)
Me2N Me NO2 (7.7) Me Me
S
H2 ~36 (25.7) SO2Ph (11.4)
Me2N Me

*Values <0 for H2O and DMSO, and values >14 for water and >35 for DMSO were extrapolated using various methods.
For a comprehensive compilation of Bordwell pKa data see: http://www.chem.wisc.edu/areas/reich/pkatable/index.htm

pKa Table.3 11/4/05 1:44 PM

D.H. Ripin, D.A. Evans pKa's of CH bonds at Nitrile, Heteroaromatic, and Sulfur Substituted Carbon Chem 206

Substrate pKa H2O (DMSO) Substrate pKa H2O (DMSO) Substrate pKa H2O (DMSO) Substrate pKa H2O (DMSO)
NITRILES SULFIDES SULFOXIDES SULFONES
O O O
NC X PhSCH2X
S X S X
X= Ph (30.8) Me Ph
X= H (31.3) CN (20.8) X= H (35.1) (29.0)
Ph (29.0) X= H
CH3 (32.5) COCH3 (18.7) SPh (29.0) CH3 (31.0)
(21.9) COPh (16.9) O t-Bu (31.2)
Ph
(10.2) NO2 (11.8) S X Ph (23.4)
COPh (30.8)
SPh Ph CH=CH2 (22.5)
CONR2 (17.1) SO2Ph (20.5) X= H (33) CH=CHPh (20.2)
CO2Et (13.1) Ph (27.2) (22.1)
SO2CF3 (11.0) (18.2) CCH
POPh2 (24.9) SOPh (17.8)
CN 11 (11.1) O CCPh
COPh (11.4)
OPh (28.1) MeSCH2SO2Ph (23.4) S (24.5)
Ph CHPh2 COMe (12.5)
N+Me3 (20.6) PhSCHPh2 (26.7) OPh (27.9)
SPh (20.8)
(PhS)3CH (22.8) SULFONIUM N+Me3 (19.4)
CN (12.0)
SO2Ph (12.0)
(PrS)3CH (31.3) Me3S+=O (18.2) NO2 (7.1)
Me SMe (23.5)
Me (16.3) (20.5)
HETERO-AROMATICS S SPh
S+
(30.5) Ph CH2Ph SO2Ph (12.2)
S S PPh2 (20.2)
(28.2) H
Ph SULFIMIDES & SULFOXIMINES O O
N (PhS)2CHPh (23.0) S (22.3)
NTs Ph CHPh2
S
(30.1) X S O O
N Ph Ph R (31.1)
S
S R= Me (27.6) Me Me
N X= Ph (30.7) i-Pr (30.7) O O
(26.7) O NTs (18.8)
Ph CO2Me (20.8) S
S (24.5) CF3 Me
CN (19.1) Ph Me O O
RSCH2CN O NMe S (21.8)
Ph (24.3) (33) CF3 i-Pr
N+
(25.2) R= Me S
O O
Ph Me
Et (24.0) N+Me2 S (26.6)
O- O
(23.6) (14.4) CF3
i-Pr S
Ph (30.2) (22.9) Ph Me O O
O
t-Bu O NTs (32.8)
S
PhSCH=CHCH2SPh (26.3) S (20.7) Et Et
Ph (30.0) Ph CH2Cl
S BuSH 10-11 (17.0) (PhSO2)2CH2Me (14.3)
PhSH ≈7 (10.3)

*Values <0 for H2O and DMSO, and values >14 for water and >35 for DMSO were extrapolated using various methods.

pKa Table.4 11/4/05 1:44 PM

D. H. Ripin, D. A. Evans pKa's of CH bonds at Heteroatom Substituted Carbon & References Chem 206

Substrate pKa H2O (DMSO) Substrate pKa H2O (DMSO) Substrate pKa H2O (DMSO)
REFERENCES
ETHERS PHOSPHONIUM NITRO
DMSO:
P+H4 -14 RNO2
CH3OPh (49) JACS 97, 7007 (1975)
MeP+H3 2.7 R= CH3 ≈10 (17.2) JACS 97, 7160 (1975)
MeOCH2SO2Ph (30.7)
Et3P+H 9.1 CH2Me (16.7) JACS 97, 442 (1975)
PhOCH2SO2Ph (27.9) JACS 105, 6188 (1983)
Ph3P+CH3 (22.4) CHMe2 (16.9) JOC 41, 1883 (1976)
PhOCH2CN (28.1) Ph3P+i-Pr (21.2) CH2Ph (12.2) JOC 41, 1885 (1976)
O JOC 41, 2786 (1976)
Ph3P+CH2COPh (6.2) CH2Bn (16.2)
MeO (22.85) JOC 41, 2508 (1976)
Ph Ph3P+CH2CN (7.0) CH2SPh (11.8) JOC 42, 1817 (1977)
CH2SO2Ph (7.1) JOC 42, 321 (1977)
CH2COPh (7.7) JOC 42, 326 (1977)
SELENIDES PHOSPONATES & JOC 43, 3113 (1978)
PHOSPHINE OXIDES O2N JOC 43, 3095 (1978)
O O JOC 43, 1764 (1978)
n JOC 45, 3325 (1980)
PhSe (18.6) (EtO)2P X
Ph JOC 45, 3305 (1980)
X= Ph (27.6) (26.9) JOC 45, 3884 (1980)
PhSeCHPh2 (27.5) n= 3 JOC 46, 4327 (1981)
CN (16.4)
(PhSe)2CH2 (31.3) 4 (17.8) JOC 46, 632 (1981)
CO2Et (18.6) JOC 47, 3224 (1982)
5 (16.0)
PhSeCH2Ph (31.0) Cl (26.2) JOC 47, 2504 (1982)
6 (17.9) Acc. Chem. Res. 21, 456 (1988)
PhSeCH=CHCH2SePh (27.2) SiMe3 (28.8) (15.8) Unpublished results of F. Bordwell
O 7
Ph2P X Water:
AMMONIUM IMINES
X= SPh (24.9) Advanced Org. Chem., 3rd Ed.
N Ph J. March (1985)
Me3N+CH2X CN (16.9)
(24.3) Unpublished results of W. P. Jencks
X= CN (20.6) Ph Ph

SO2Ph (19.4) PHOSPHINES Oxime ethers are ~ 10 pka units less THF:
(14.6) acidic than their ketone counterparts JACS 110, 5705 (1988)
COPh
Streitwieser, JOC 1991, 56, 1989
CO2Et (20.0) Ph2PCH2PPh2 (29.9) See cited website below for additional
data
CONEt2 (24.9) Ph2PCH2SO2Ph (20.2)

*Values <0 for H2O and DMSO, and values >14 for water and >35 for DMSO were extrapolated using various methods.

For a comprehensive compilation of Brodwell pKa data see: http://www.chem.wisc.edu/areas/reich/pkatable/index.htm

pKa Table.5 11/4/05 1:45 PM
 DMSO Acidities of Common Heterocycles
Bordwell, ACR, 1988, 21, 456
Bordwell http://www.chem.wisc.edu/areas/reich/pkatable/index.htm

N N N N
N N N
N N N N N N
H H H H H H

23.0 19.8 18.6 16.4 13.9 11.9 18.0

O O O
O
O O O
N N N N N O N O
H H H H H H

24.0 20.8 15.0 12.1 26.4 24.0

Me
O S Me Me
S Me
S N N
H
H H H
N+
N S N Me N+ N+
H N N Me Me
H H Me Me
Me
13.3 14.8 11.8 29.4 16.5 18.4 24

Pka Table.6.cdx 11/4/05 1:45 PM