Local Currency Systems in the United States, 1991-Present

Loren Gatch

(lgatch@uco.edu)

The following annotated list of American local currencies has been compiled from a variety of sources, but its point of departure was Ed Collum‟s
2005 article on local currencies (for his list, see : http://www.usm.maine.edu/~collom/cc.html). Most internet searches for these various systems
produced recycled lists of currency experiments, often based on the same Wikipedia entry on local currencies. Some links provided in Collum‟s work
have since become stale, or changed their content (for example, Olybarter Network is now a porn site!). Careful searching reveals that there is
surprisingly little information available on specific local currency experiences, particularly the defunct ones. Suffice it to say, this project took longer
than I expected it to.

This list revises Collum‟s effort, and provides links where available to information about that local currency. Sources include newspaper accounts,
past issues of Local Currency News, various online books and reports, and older versions of websites accessible through Internet Archive.

I made two editorial decisions that have changed the composition of this list compared to others. First, I dropped the Chamber of Commerce-
sponsored plans (like Crested Butte, Colorado), which were essentially coupons or gift certificates not designed for general circulation. This includes
any participants in defunct programs run by Certificheck, which declared bankruptcy last year. Second, I have dropped Liberty Dollars from this list.
After studying its operation, I concluded that it is simply a scheme for selling bullion coins and has no genuine local content in its design. Finally, I
dropped entries that did not use actual currency (i.e. that were LETS or Time Dollars), except for a few exceptions (such as Seattle‟s “Time Bucks”)
which appear on so many local currency lists that clarifying their character might be useful.

I considered a currency active if its website is functional and up-to-date. Of course, currencies can still circulate without websites, but in the absence
of any other information this was the obvious criterion. In one case, “Dillo Hours” (Austin, Texas), I labeled it active without a website on the basis
of a report made to me by someone who had recently visited that town.

This list remains incomplete in many places. Even as I added listings for older currencies that received only incidental mention in the sources, I also
tried to include references to schemes that are currently being conceived (like Detroit “Cheers”). I may have missed some of these newest ones.
Anyone perusing this list who may be able to „fill in the blanks‟ or otherwise provide an information source, please contact me. Likewise, if you have
currency images you wish to share, I would much appreciate it. Thanks!
State/Province Currency Name Denom- Date Begun Status Remarks
and City inations

United States

Arkansas

Fayetteville Ozark Hour Forming http://www.ozarkia.net/money/index.html

Arizona

Flagstaff Flagstaff 1/10, ½, 2000 Inactive Sponsored by the Flagstaff Tea Party community newspaper
Neighborly Notes one hour (closed 2002)

http://www.flagteaparty.org/Subjects/FNN/FNN_Home.html

http://www.flagteaparty.org/Publications/Dec2000/Pages/New
Money/newmoney.html

See also this old link from an earlier version of the Ithaca
Hours webpage:
http://www.lightlink.com/hours/ithacahours/otherhours.html

Prescott High Desert 1, 5, 10, 20 Inactive Issued by Central Arizona Mutual Credit Association.
Dollars dollars Exchangeable with Flagstaff Neighborly Notes

http://www.flagteaparty.org/Subjects/FNN/Moneywithcarebuil
tin.html

See also this newspaper article from 2000:

http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=894&dat=20000407
&id=B7AKAAAAIBAJ&sjid=Mk0DAAAAIBAJ&pg=7040,6
61294

Apparently they worked like the first version of Berkshares.

People had to deposit gift certificates redeemable in their
product as collateral for the notes they received.
Tucson Tucson Traders Tucson 1997 Inactive Thomas Greco was involved with this.
Token (=$1
US) 1999 (paper See description at the EF Schumacher site:
currency) http://www.smallisbeautiful.org/local_currencies/retired_in-
planning.htm

Website existed through 2003. See:

http://web.archive.org/web/20031119051922/http://tucsontrade
rs.org/

No currency samples available

Tucson Tucson Local Forming See: http://www.actonwisdom.com/tlc/ This site is otherwise

Currency not much concerned with local currencies.

No details provided.

California

Arcata/Eureka Humboldt 1, 5, 10, 20, 2003 Active A project of Democracy Unlimited of Humboldt County
Exchange 50 dollars (DUHC)
Community
Currency http://www.humboldtexchange.org/

There seems to be no relationship between this currency and

the other earlier Eureka currencies (see below).
Berkeley Berkeley BREAD ¼, ½, and 1997 Inactive Berkeley Region Exchange and Development. Approx.
one Hour $30,000 issued. For an early descriptive article, see:
(=$US 12) http://www.ainfos.ca/A-Infos97/3/0350.html

See description at the EF Schumacher site:

http://www.smallisbeautiful.org/local_currencies/retired_in-
planning.htm

See also: http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-

l/Jul1997/0004.html

And this archived link:

http://web.archive.org/web/20000823170522/www.localcurren
cy.org/frameset_local_currencies.html

Two articles by Miyoko Sakashita, former Director of

BREAD:

http://www.sustainable-city.org/articles/roots.htm

http://www.sustainable-city.org/articles/currency.htm

Bolinas Sand Dollars Inactive A brief listing can be found at:

http://www.progress.org/currency.htm

Like Durango (CO) Community Cash, this began as a ledger-

based (LETS) program, but then assumed a paper form.

Jill Whitcroft, the founder, died in 2004.

http://www.ptreyeslight.com/stories/apr08_04/whitcroft_obit.h
tml

Eureka Humboldt Hours 1999 Inactive Begun by Humboldt County Greens. George Kirkpatrick was
the contact person. See this 1998 list of local currencies:
http://web.archive.org/web/20000930120639/http://www.olyw
a.net/vision/links.html

Eureka Humboldt Clams 2000 Inactive Begun by Humboldt Local Community Project. Were these
ever issued?

http://www.arcataeye.com/old/top/000418top02.shtml
Garberville Sequoia Hours Inactive A brief listing can be found at:
http://www.progress.org/currency.htm

See also:
http://web.archive.org/web/20000930120639/http://www.olyw
a.net/vision/links.html

Fort Bragg Mendocino SEED Inactive SEED=Self-sufficient Ecological Economic Development. For
an ambitious survey of SEED users, see:

http://www.andrewlowd.com/thesis/Chapter7.htm#1

Mendocino Mendo Moola Forming http://mendomoola.wordpress.com/

Nevada City TradeMarket ½, 1, 5, 20 2007 (date of Active http://www.ncgvtrademarket.org/

Trades first
newsletter)

North Fork North Fork “Forks” 1999 Inactive Brief mention is made of this previous currency experiment in
the current North Fork website (see next listing below). There
was also an earlier local currency listed in Colorado called
“North Forks Helping Hands” (see below).

North Fork North Fork Shares 1 Share Summer Forming Interestingly, this is an Ithaca Hours-style currency (all the
=$US 12 2009 other recent ones follow the Berkshares model). The group‟s
(other website is quite professional and well-documented:
denominati http://www.nfshares.com/
ons?)

Oakland Acorns Forming This is being promoted by Wilson Riles:

http://www.indybay.org/newsitems/2009/05/06/18593121.php

Palo Alto Area Bucks Inactive Founder or organizer seems to have been Carol Brouillet:

http://www.communitycurrency.org/

San Luis San Luis Obispo Inactive A brief listing can be found at:
Obispo Hours http://www.progress.org/archive/currency.htm
Santa Barbara Santa Barbara 1997 Inactive Sponsored by the Fund for Santa Barbara. Operated for two
Hours years in the late 1990s. For early details see:
http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-l/Jul1997/0005.html

One of its founders was Mark Phillips:

http://lightpages.net/lp/message.cfm?messageid=259518&logi
n=462819

Website existed through August 2000:

http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.silcom.com/~sustain/
SBHours

Santa Monica Santa Monica Inactive A brief listing can be found at:
Hours http://www.progress.org/archive/currency.htm

Santa Rosa Sonoma County ¼, one hour 1998 Inactive A brief listing can be found at:
Community Cash (=$US 10) (2000) http://www.progress.org/archive/currency.htm

See archived website:

http://web.archive.org/web/20030719225411/www.sonomatim
e.org/

Co-founder has website.

http://mikesandler.org/ecolecon.htm#currency

Ukiah Ukiah Hours 1/10, ½, 1, 2 2000 Inactive http://www.greenmac.com/hours/index.html

hours (never
opened) Last updated 2004, this website notes that the scheme never
got off the ground. A variety of articles on the proposed
currency can be found on this site. Currency images are also
available.

See also the last paragraphs of Lowd‟s thesis, chapter 7:

http://www.andrewlowd.com/thesis/Chapter7.htm#1

Colorado
Boulder Boulder Hours ½, one, and 1993 Inactive Jhym Phoenix gave a presentation on Boulder Hours at the
two hours 1997 T.O.E.S. conference:
(=$US 10)
http://www.ese.upenn.edu/~rabii/toes/Toes97Prog1.html#Wor
kshop%20on%20Community%20Currencies Phoenix is
describe elsewhere as having organized “four” local
currencies.

There is a brief description of Boulder Hours in Greco‟s New

Money book, ch. 10, along with images of the currency:
http://www.ratical.org/many_worlds/cc/NMfHC/chp10.html#fi
g10.6

Boulder Forming The Boulder city government has discussed support for a
“complementary” currency. This report alludes to two different
efforts underway as of late 2007:
http://www.bouldercolorado.gov/files/City%20Council/WIPS/
2007/10-25-07/2a.pdf

Carbondale Carbondale Spuds Inactive Carbondale Spuds are referred to in Turmel‟s transcript of the
1997 TOES conference. Krista Paradise organized the
currency. See: http://turmelpress.com/t97works.htm

Durango Community Cash 1997 Inactive This started as a Time-Dollar program but switched to scrip.
For early details see: http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-
(2000) l/Jul1997/0004.html

Sponsored by the Women‟s Resource Center. References to

“Community Cash” are archived between 1998 and 2000:

http://web.archive.org/web/20000621003800/www.wrcdurang
o.org/communitycash.html

Fort Collins NOCO Hours ½ hour 2002 Active http://www.nocohours.org/

Paonia North Fork 1999 Inactive A listing can be found at:

Helping Hands http://web.archive.org/web/20000930120639/http://www.olyw
a.net/vision/links.html

Contact person was Randy Kokernot.

Connecticut
Willimantic Thread City Bread ¼ , one 1999 Inactive Contact person was Donna Nicolino
hour = $US
10 For early details see: http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-
l/Jul1997/0005.html

Two New York Times articles describe this currency:

http://www.nytimes.com/1998/07/26/nyregion/cash-it-is-with-
a-local-cachet.html?sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all

http://www.nytimes.com/1998/05/28/nyregion/giving-money-
local-color-small-connecticut-town-issues-its-own-currency-
urge.html?pagewanted=2

Approx. 320 hours issued by Thread City Bread Committee.

Florida

Gainesville Gainesville Hours ¼, one hour 1997 Inactive These were issued by the Gainesville Barter Network. Contact
=$US 10 (2003) person was Shanti Vani. This article describes the founding of
(¼ hour Gainesville Hours:
issued in
1998) http://www.afn.org/~iguana/archives/1997_07/19970705.html

Website pages are archived at:

http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.palmstone.com/barter

For early details, see: http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-

l/Jul1997/0005.html

No currency images available

Georgia

Atlanta Atlanta Hours Inactive A brief listing can be found at:

http://www.progress.org/currency.htm

And at:
http://web.archive.org/web/20000930120639/http://www.olyw
a.net/vision/links.html

Associated with the Georgia Green Party. Hugh Esco was

contact person. No sign that this program was ever launched.

Hawai‟i
Kilauea Kauai Barter and Coconuts 1995 Active? Kauai Alternative Resource Management Agency (KARMA)
Trade Network began issuing “coconuts”.

http://web.archive.org/web/20020116173848/http://www.realk
auai.net/Barter/Coconut.php

In 2005, a LETS was adopted, whose unit of account is the

KISS (from Kau‟i Island Self-Sufficiency) LETS

http://kauaian.net/VTP/essays/smartcn.html

Idaho

Boise Boise Hours Inactive A brief listing can be found at:

http://www.progress.org/currency.htm

And at:
http://web.archive.org/web/20000930120639/http://www.olyw
a.net/vision/links.html

Neysa Jensen was contact person.

Indiana

Bloomington BloomingHOURS ¼, ½, and 1999 Inactive See description at the EF Schumacher site:
one Hour http://www.smallisbeautiful.org/local_currencies/retired_in-
(=$US 10) planning.htm

BloomingHOURS was sponsored by the Bloomingfoods Coop

and operated out of the Sustainable Living Office at the
Bloomington Environmental Center.

http://www.bloomington.in.us/~blmghour/index.html.

Website has not been updated since 1999.

Indianapolis Barter Bucks 1994 Inactive Sponsored by Positive Change Network, Inc. For early details,
see: http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-l/Jul1997/0004.html

Kansas
Lawrence REAL Dollars 1, 3, 10 2000 Inactive Contact person was Boog Highberger
dollars
REAL=Realizing the Economic Alternatives in Lawrence

Website is archived at:

http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://lto.lawrence.ks.us/

Most activity seems to have taken place between 2000 and 2001.

This currency was issued against an equivalent fund of $US.

See description at the EF Schumacher site:

http://www.smallisbeautiful.org/local_currencies/retired_in-
planning.htm

For an approving discussion of REAL Dollars, see Lowd‟s

thesis, chapter 5:
http://www.andrewlowd.com/thesis/Chapter5.htm

Kentucky

Berea Berea Bucks 2, 10 dollars 1997 Inactive Founded by the Mountain Association for Community
Economic Development (MACED). Approx. $6,000 were
issued.

See also this old link from an earlier version of the Ithaca Hours
webpage:
http://www.lightlink.com/hours/ithacahours/otherhours.html

Louisiana

New Orleans Mo‟ Money One “Mo” 1996 Inactive This operated in a New Orleans housing project, and involved
(=$US 5) the Tulane/Xavier Campus Affiliates Program. For an early
description, see: http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-
l/Jul1997/0004.html

The online community where this website was located, AOL‟s

Hometown, has been shut down. However, archived pages with
currency images can be found at:
http://web.archive.org/web/20001002034218/members.aol.com/
ALinNOLA/MoMoney.html

Maine
Unity Waldo Hours 1996 For an early description, see:
http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-l/Jul1997/0004.html

Maryland

Baltimore Baltimore Hours 1/10, ¼, ½, 2001 Inactive Founded by Brad Johnson and funded by the Baltimore
one hour Community Foundation.
(=$US 10) (2003)
http://baltimore.indymedia.org/newswire/display/1258/index.ph
p

http://www.theglobalreport.org/issues/284/culture.html

Website archive contains very little:

http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.geocities.com/baltimor
ehours/

See also this old link from an earlier version of the Ithaca Hours
webpage:
http://www.lightlink.com/hours/ithacahours/otherhours.html

Mount Rainier Anacostia Hours 1 hour 2006 Active http://www.anacostiahours.org/

(=$10 US)

Takoma Park P.E.N. No information found.

Neighborhood
Exchange

Massachusetts

Amesbury Amesburg [sic?] Inactive For a brief listing see:

Hours http://web.archive.org/web/20000930120639/http://www.olywa.
net/vision/links.html

Contact person was Carl Todd

Gloucester Cape Ann Dollars Inactive A project of Wellspring House, Inc., sponsored by Cape Ann
Sustainable Communities Project. See:
http://www.ratical.org/many_worlds/cc/cc@Xroads.html

Otherwise no information available

Great Berkshares 1, 5, 10, 20, 1993 Active Earlier issue from 1993 consisted of a single denomination (one
Barrington 50 Berkshare)
Berkshares 2006
See: http://www.berkshares.org/

Greenfield Valley Dollars 1, 5, 10, 20 1991 Inactive For early information, see:
dollars http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-l/Jul1997/0004.html

Website is archived until 2003:

http://web.archive.org/web/20030619231244/http://www.valley
dollars.org/

See description at the EF Schumacher site:

http://www.smallisbeautiful.org/local_currencies/retired_in-
planning.htm

Valley Trade Connection. Issued approx. $V 59,000

Michigan

Detroit Detroit Cheers 2009 Forming Modeled on Berkshares. See:

http://www.modeldmedia.com/features/detroitcheers18809.aspx

Detroit Great Lakes Hours 1995 Inactive For early information, see:
http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-l/Jul1997/0004.html

A 1995 article by Michelle Brown in the journal Synapse

describes Great Lakes Hours:

http://www.nrec.org/center_old/synapse31/glh.html

The plan also involved Eden Winter and Grace Lee Boggs.
Boggs is a distinguished activist who also attended the 1997
TOES meeting. She is still around: http://boggsblog.org/

South Bend Michiana Money Forming See their website: http://www.michianacurrency.org/

Program to begin in late 2009.

Traverse City Bay Area Bucks 1, 5, 10, 20 2005 Active http://www.baybucks.org/

Baybucks

Ypsilanti Tower Hour Forming http://www.sustainableypsi.org/?m=200707

Missouri

Columbia Columbia Hours Inactive A brief listing can be found at:

http://www.progress.org/archive/currency.htm

And at:
http://web.archive.org/web/20000930120639/http://www.olywa.
net/vision/links.html

Contact person was Devin Scherubel.

See the discussion of Columbia Hours in Lowd‟s thesis, chapter

5: http://www.andrewlowd.com/thesis/Chapter5.htm

Apparently it never started.

Kansas City Kansas City Barter 1993 Inactive For early information, see:
Bucks http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-l/Jul1997/0004.html

Another brief listing can be found at:

http://web.archive.org/web/20000930120639/http://www.olywa.
net/vision/links.html

Contact person was Jean Rogers. Begun by Kansas City Greens.

Montana

Missoula Missoula Hours Inactive A brief listing can be found at:

http://www.progress.org/archive/currency.htm

New Hampshire

Chesterfield Brattleboro Hours Inactive A brief listing can be found at:

http://www.progress.org/archive/currency.htm

New Mexico

Santa Fe Santa Fe Hours 1994 Inactive Contact person was Christina Reece.

For early information, see:

http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-l/Jul1997/0004.html

Begun by Santa Fe Greens

New York
Albany Capitol Area Self- Inactive Contact person was Jonathan Finn.
Sustaining Hours
A brief listing can be found at:
http://www.progress.org/archive/currency.htm

Brooklyn Brooklyn 1/8, ¼, ½, 1997 Inactive Started by the Brooklyn Green Party, Brooklyn Society for
Greenbacks one Ethical Culture, and the Central Brooklyn Federal Credit Union.
Greenback (2001)
(=$12 US) http://www.nytimes.com/1999/02/28/nyregion/neighborhood-
report-brooklyn-up-close-make-money-to-make-money.html

There is little internet archive on this group:

http://web.archive.org/web/19981203062558/http://www.panix.
com/~levner/nygreens/tohtml.cgi?locals/brooklyn/greenbacks.ht
m

Brooklyn Forming Brooklyn Torch Project

(2009) http://brooklyntorch.org/

Buffalo Buffalo Hours Inactive A brief listing can be found at:

http://www.progress.org/archive/currency.htm

Cobleskill Common Cents 1/10, ½ one 2004 Inactive See description at the EF Schumacher site:
Community hour http://www.smallisbeautiful.org/local_currencies/retired_in-
Currency planning.htm

Ithaca Ithaca Hours 1/8, ¼, ½, 1991 Active http://www.ithacahours.org/

one hour
(=$10 US)

Kerhonkson Stoneridge Hours Inactive Contact person was Christina Campion. A brief listing can be
found at: http://www.progress.org/archive/currency.htm

New Berlin Chenango Hours 1996 Inactive For an early description, see:
http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-l/Jul1997/0004.html

May have been connected with the Chenango County Greens.

Oneonta Oneonta Hours ¼, ½ hour, 2001 Inactive A brief mention can be found at:
one hour http://www.ithacahours.com/otherhours.html
(=$10 US)
This was founded by Annie Avery:

http://www.nyc.indymedia.org/front.php3?article_id=27208

See also:
http://old.thedailystar.com/news/stories/2002/05/29/ours.html

Philmont Columbia County 1995 Inactive Contact person was Virginia Osborn
Hours
For an early description, see:
http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-l/Jul1997/0004.html

North Carolina

Asheville Earthaven Leaps Active? Sponsored by Earthaven Ecovillage. There is a brief reference to
“Leaps” on its website:

http://www.earthaven.org/index.php

Otherwise no details are available about this currency.

Carrboro Carrboro Cash Inactive This has been mentioned as a failed predecessor to the
PLENTY. See Board of Alderman minutes from 2000:
http://www.townofcarrboro.org/boa/Minutes/2000/02_15_2000.
pdf

Durham Bull City Bucks Inactive No information found

Mars Hill Mountain Money 1995 Inactive For an early description, see:
http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-l/Jul1997/0004.html

See also:

http://www.main.nc.us/BarterNetwork/
Pittsboro PLENTY 1, 5, 10, 20, This was Active http://theplenty.org/
50 issued at at
(Piedmont Local PLENTYS two www.ncplenty.org
EcoNomy Tender). different
(earlier: 1/4, One old http://www.nowpublic.com/world/north-carolina-town-prints-
times:2002
½, one PLENTY own-currency-support-local-business
for the
PLENTY=$ is being
“Hour” There is an extensive business plan for PLENTYS at
10 US) exchanged
version, http://www.ncplenty.org/businessplan.pdf
for 10 new
2009 for the
PLENTYS
“Berkshare” In addition to much media attention, this scrip was the subject of
version an article in the IJCCR.

Lyle Estille is the “Paul Glover” of this scheme.

Ohio

Akron Summit Hours 1994 Inactive Started by the American Friends Service Committee (Quakers).
(2003)? Greg Coleridge was contact person. For an early description,
see: http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-l/Jul1997/0004.html

A small description of Summit Hours can be found archived at:

http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.afsc.org/glrhome/sum
mit.htm

Webpage was posted in 1996 taken down in 2003.

Apple Creek Wooster Hours Inactive A brief listing can be found at:
http://www.progress.org/archive/currency.htm

Cleveland Cuyahoga Hours 1995 Inactive Issued by the NE Ohio Greens. David Ellison was contact
person. For early information, see:
http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-l/Jul1997/0004.html
Columbus Simply Hours 1996 Inactive Contact person was Marilyn Welker. For early details, see:
http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-l/Jul1997/0004.html

A link to “Simply Hours” and the outline of an Hour plan can be

found on the archived website of Simply Living from 1999 to
2000:

http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.simplyliving.org

No currency image found and any reference to Hours

disappeared on later versions of Simply Living.

Kent Portage Hours 1994 Inactive Administered by Portage Association for Community
Economics (PACE). Contact person was Jefferson Beck. For
early details, see: http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-
l/Jul1997/0004.html

Oklahoma

Tulsa Tulsa Hours Inactive A brief listing can be found at:

http://www.progress.org/archive/currency.htm

Apparently this was never started. No mention of this was ever

made in the Tulsa World.

Oregon

Corvallis Corvallis Hours 1/8, ¼, ½, 2002, 2004 Active http://www.hourexchange.org/

one hour
(=$10 US)

Eugene Emerald Ecos ¼, 1/3, ½, 2003 Inactive Website is archived for 2003-2004 at:
Community one Eco http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.emeraldecos.org
Currency (=$12 US)
See also this short announcement from 2003:
http://friends.designcommunity.com/notes/404.html
Hood RiverHOURS 1/10, ½, one 2004 Active Gorge Local Currency Cooperative is a project of the Columbia
River/GLCC hour (=$10 Gorge Earth Center
US)
http://www.riverhours.org/

See also this extensive and recent interview:

http://www.nowpublic.com/tech-biz/interview-gorge-local-
currency-cooperative-riverhours

See also: http://www.cascadiacommons.org/index.php/the-

cascadian/49-currency-2

Portland PDX Hours No physical Active http://www.pdxhours.org/emails/070410.html

currency
As of 2008, it seems to have been decided not to issue a paper
currency but to use debit card technology:
http://www.cascadiacommons.org/index.php/the-cascadian/49-
currency-2. See also:
http://www.pdxcurrency.com/taxonomy/term/27/0

Portland Cascadia Hours ¼, ½, one, 1994 Active http://www.cascadiahourexchange.com/

two, four
Hours

Pennsylvania

Bethlehem Lehigh Valley 1994 Inactive Started by the Lehigh Valley Greens. For early details see:
http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-l/Jul1997/0004.html
Barter Hours (1997)
Another brief listing can be found at:
http://web.archive.org/web/20000930120639/http://www.olywa.
net/vision/links.html

Contact person was Guy Gray.

For a discussion of its demise, see:

http://www.ratical.org/many_worlds/cc/localmoney.html

Philadelphia Equal Dollars 1, 5, 10, 20 1996 Active Sponsored by Resources for Human Development, Inc.
Equal
Dollars http://www.equaldollars.org/

See also: http://beta.catcomm.org/en/solutions/15

Texas

Austin Dillo Hours ¼, ½, one 1994 Active Issued by Armadillo Trading Club. See 1996 reference:
Dillo Hour http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-
(=$US 10) 6379425_ITM

For early details, see: http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-

l/Jul1997/0004.html

Lyndon Felps, a founder of Dillo Hours, moved to Earthaven

Ecovillage in 2006 (see North Carolina, above).
http://www.mynewsletterbuilder.com/tools/view_newsletter.php
?newsletter_id=1409601564

Houston Houston Hours Inactive No information found

Taft Greyhound Bucks Inactive No information found

Vermont

Brattleboro Blue Money Inactive No information found

Bristol Bristol Bucks Inactive No information found

Burlington Burlington Bread/ 1, 5, 10, 20 1998 (w/ Inactive Startup funding from Ben & Jerry‟s, Green Mountain Fund, and
Currency Project “Slices” second issue Burlington‟s Community and Economic Development Office.
in 2004) Project Revived in 2004. Approx. $15,000 issued

Last website is archived at:

http://web.archive.org/web/20071217010623/http://burlingtoncu
rrency.org/

See description at the EF Schumacher site:

http://www.smallisbeautiful.org/local_currencies/retired_in-
planning.htm

Hardwick Buffalo Mountain ¼, ½, one 1996 Inactive Contact persons were David Briars and Barbara Conn. Approx.
Dollars hour (=$10 525 Hours issued. See description at the EF Schumacher site:
US) http://www.smallisbeautiful.org/local_currencies/retired_in-
planning.htm
Montpelier Green Mountain 1/10, ¼, ½, 1996 Inactive Website is archived through late 2007:
Hours one hour
(=$10 US) http://web.archive.org/web/20070928191846/http://www.green
mountainhours.org/

See also this old link from an earlier version of the Ithaca Hours
webpage:
http://www.lightlink.com/hours/ithacahours/otherhours.html

Virginia

Charlottesville Charlottesville Is this a Active? Website was taken down in 2008. Archived website for
Barter Network paper tradelocal.org contained the Charlottesville Barter Network
currency? (renamed Rivanna Barter Network)

See: http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.tradelocal.org

Floyd Floyd Hours ¼, one hour 2001 Inactive See description at the EF Schumacher site:
(Floydian Scrip) http://www.smallisbeautiful.org/local_currencies/retired_in-
planning.htm

Another brief listing can be found at:

http://web.archive.org/web/20000930120639/http://www.olywa.
net/vision/links.html

Washington

Bainbridge Bainbridge Island 1997 Inactive For early details see: http://library.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-
Island Bucks l/Jul1997/0005.html

Was this currency ever issued?

Bellingham Life Hours Is there a 2004 Active Fourth Corner Exchange
paper
currency? Is this a LETS?

http://www.fourthcornerexchange.com/index.php

There is a YouTube video:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P2qO2uPX12Q&feature=rel
ated

This is a ledger-based system but users begin with a positive

balance represented by their membership fees. Accounts are also
checkable.

Bremerton Kitsap Hours Inactive A brief listing can be found at:

http://web.archive.org/web/20000930120639/http://www.olywa.
net/vision/links.html

Contact person was Paulette Hoffman.

Kettle Falls Kettle River Hours Inactive A brief listing can be found at:
http://web.archive.org/web/20000930120639/http://www.olywa.
net/vision/links.html

Contact person was Tara Kerr.

Bellingham Kulshan Cash 1999 Inactive http://www.whatcomwatch.org/old_issues/v8i1.html#story7

Was this ever implemented?

Lopez Island Lopez Island Hours 1995 Inactive Issued by Lopez Island Commonwealth. See description at the
EF Schumacher site:
http://www.smallisbeautiful.org/local_currencies/retired_in-
planning.htm

Mount Vernon Skagit Dollars Inactive No information found

Olympia Sound Hours 1/10, 1/5, 1996 Inactive Founded by the Sustainable Community Roundtable and
one hour administered by Sound Exchange.
(=$10 US)
The Sound Hours website is archived through 2005:

http://web.archive.org/web/20001030173539/www.olywa.net/ro
undtable/index.html

Currency images are available there.

See description at the EF Schumacher site:

http://www.smallisbeautiful.org/local_currencies/retired_in-
planning.htm

Sound Hours are now exchangeable with Fourth Corner

Exchange “Life Hours”

http://www.fourthcornerexchange.com/news.php

Olympia Olybarter Network Inactive No information found

Seattle Time Bucks This is a LETS.

Wisconsin

Madison Madison Hours ¼, ½, one 1996 Active http://www.madisonhours.org/

hour (=$10
US)

Milwaukee Milwaukee Hours Inactive For a brief listing, see:

http://web.archive.org/web/20000930120639/http://www.olywa.
net/vision/links.html

Contact person was Ruth Cody.

Milwaukee Forming As of late 2008, two Milwaukee neighborhoods were discussing

a Berkshares-type currency:
http://www.chicagotribune.com/business/chi-
talk_moneydec03,0,2902061.story

Canada
Alberta

Calgary Bow Chinook 1996 Inactive http://www.smallisbeautiful.org/local_currencies/currency_grou

Hours ps.html

This Hours program was re-introduced as “Calgary Dollars” in

2002.

http://www.ffwdweekly.com/Issues/2002/0307/act5.htm

Bow Chinook Hours were still to circulate alongside Calgary

Dollars, although it is unclear if Hours were exchangeable for
Dollars at any fixed rate.

Calgary Calgary Dollars $1, 5, 10 2002 Active http://calgarydollars.ca/

British Columbia

Nelson Kootenay Hours 1994 Inactive These were issued by the Nelson Ecocentre. See

http://web.archive.org/web/20031015230158/ecocentre.kics.bc.c
a/

And

http://web.archive.org/web/20010503060836/www.kics.bc.ca/ec
ocentre/index.html

And

http://resdir.kics.bc.ca/details.php?id_org=113
Prince George Prince George 1997 Inactive http://www.progress.org/currency.htm
Hours
And

http://web.archive.org/web/20071019075541/http://www.cyberc
lass.net/towns.htm

Salmon Arm shuSwap Hours 1 Hour = 1994 Inactive See

$10C
http://web.archive.org/web/20071019075541/http://www.cyberc
lass.net/towns.htm

And

http://eclipse.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-l/Jul1997/0005.html

And

http://www.sfu.ca/cscd/gateway/sharing/pdfiles/chapter8.pdf

And

http://www.sfu.ca/cscd/gateway/sharing/chap8.htm

Salt Springs Salt Spring Dollars $1, 2, 5, 10, 2001 Active http://www.saltspringdollars.com/
Island 20, 50, 100

Nova Scotia

Halifax Maritime Hours 1994 Inactive See

http://web.archive.org/web/20071019075541/http://www.cyberc
lass.net/towns.htm

And

http://eclipse.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-l/Jul1997/0005.html
Parrsboro Coastal Gems 1997 Inactive See

http://www.progress.org/currency.htm

And

http://eclipse.wustl.edu/~listmgr/devel-l/Jul1997/0005.html

Ontario

Kingston Kingston Hours 1996 Inactive http://www.progress.org/currency.htm

This was established by the Ontario Public Interest Research

Group (OPIRG).

http://web.archive.org/web/19970125222114/http://www.ams.qu
eensu.ca/OPIRG/money.htm

London Barter Bucks One Buck = 1998 Inactive? See

$1C
http://web.archive.org/web/20071019075541/http://www.cyberc
lass.net/towns.htm

Madawaska Unity Dollars $1, 2, 3, 5, 2006 Active http://www.numismondo.com/pm/can/local/unity/index.htm

Valley 10, 20, 50

Tamworth Tamworth Hours 1/12, 1/6, ¼, 2004 Active http://www.cyberclass.net/

½, one, two
hours This link takes you to the “UsuryFree” Network.

Toronto Toronto Dollars $1, 5, 10, 1998 Active http://www.torontodollar.com/

20, 50