L E V E L

1 GRADE 1-2

Physics:

SQUARE WHEELS...
 BOTANy:

3 IMPORTANT HUMAN BODY:

PARTS OF PLANTS:
ROOT, STEM, 8 MAIN PART
LEAVES OF
THE BODY
13 REVEALING A SECRET:

DOESN’T THE SUN 17

MOVE ACROSS
physics:
THE EARTH?
HEHH! SQUARE
WHEELS...
22 ExPERIMENt:

MOVEMENT OF
OBJECTS 24 how it works:

BICYCLE
BRAKES
29 ZOOLOGy:
34
THE IMPORTANT ASTRONOMy:
PART OF
AN ANIMAL OBJECTS
IN THE SKY

SOURCE & PROFESSIONAL CONSULTANT:
PROF. YOHANES SURYA, PHD
PROF. DR. FAWZIA ASWIN HADIS, PSI
CREATIVE DIRECTOR:
GELAR SOETOPO
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR:
IGN. DJOKO NUGROHO
EDITORIAL TEAM:
FELICIA LUSITA (WRITER)
SHINTA LAURENDCIA (CONTRIBUTOR)
CATHY KADARISMAN (CONTRIBUTOR)
BHAKTI K (CONTRIBUTOR)
VISUAL TEAM:
SUPRIYANTO (COORDINATOR)
ANDREE HARYADI (ILLUSTRATOR)
ADAM SUHANDA (ILLUSTRATOR)
AUDELIA AGUSTINE (ILLUSTRATOR)
FIVI FITHRIANTY (ILLUSTRATOR)
M. BONDAN W (CONTRIBUTOR)
DENY HILMOND (CONTRIBUTOR)
ARTISTIC:
GATUT KOK W. (DESIGNER)
TRAFFIC:
MIRA
MARKETING:
ARMANTO SUTEDJO (MANAGER)
ALDARANI YUNIAR
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THE MAIN PARTS OF PLANTS;
ROOT, STEM, LEAF
DURING THE LONG HOLIDAYS, ABI AND HIS
SISTER STAYED WITH THEIr GRANDFATHER. ABI’S
GRANDFATHER HAS A BIG AND BEAUTIFUL GARDEN. ABI
AND HIS SISTER LOVE TO PLAY IN
GRANDFATHER’S GARDEN.

HEY-HEY...
WHY ARE YOU
HURTING ME?!

HUH,
I’M JUST PLAYING ...
NO, I DON’T MEAN TO
HURT YOU ...

ABI, RIMA...
THE LEAVES, THE STEM, AND THE
ROOT ARE THE MOST
IMPORTANT PARTS OF A
PLANT. YOU KNOW THAT WITHOUT
THEM, PLANTS COULD NOT LIVE!

3
 WHY ARE THEY
SO IMPORTANT?!

TAKE A LOOK
AT THIS...

ROOT

Useful elements for

the plant.

FROM INSIDE THE SOIL THE

ROOT ABSORBS THE WATER
AND OTHER ELEMENTS THAT ARE
USEFUL TO THE PLANT.

THE PLANTALSO USES THE

ROOTS TO ’HOLD ON’ TO THE
SOIL SO IT DOES
NOT FALL OVER EASILY.

4
 LEAF

THE PLANT USES LEAVES AS THE

’KITCHEN’ TO ’PROCESS’
THE FOOD .

STEM

THE STEM IS USED BY THE PLANT TO TRANSPORT FOOD

FROM THE ROOT TO THE LEAVES TO BE ’PROCESSED’. AFTER
IT HAS BEEN PROCESSED IN THE LEAVES, THE FOOD IS
TRANSPORTED TO ALL PARTS OF THE PLANT
THROUGH THE STEM

5
 TAKE A LOOK AT MY OTHER
FRIENDS... THEY ALL HAVE ROOTS,
STEMS, AND LEAVES...
BUT THEY ALL LOOK DIFFERENT
FROM EACH OTHER!
HMM, LOOK AT
THE PLANT GRANDFATHER
WILL PLANT.... ALTHOUGH
IT IS SMALL, IT ALSO
HAS A ROOT, A STEM,
AND LEAVES....

OOH... YA!

SINGLE ROOT

DIFFUSE ROOT

SO, IF YOU LOOK CAREFULLY

YOU CAN SEE THAT THESE TWO
PLANTS ARE DIFFERENT! THERE ARE
DIFFERENT KINDS OF ROOT
..... THE TYPE DEPENDS ON
THE KIND OF PLANT.

VARIOUS TYPES OF STEMS...

WOOD TRUNKS NON-WOOD STEMS NODULAR

6
 VARIOUS LEAF SHAPES...

SHAPE: FINGER-LIKE SHAPE: OVAL

LEAF SHAPE: LONG LEAFSHAPE: CIRCULAR

7
text: CATHY Illustrator: AUDI Designer: Gatut editor: GST.
 MAIN PARTS OF
THE BODY
THE END OF YEAR SCHOOL
CONCERT IS SO EXCITING.
TIFANI, NADIA AND FIENA ARE
WAITING FOR THEIR TURN
TO PERFORM.

HEAD

AMONGST THE
CHILDREN........ KAK
TIFANI IS THE
CHUBBIEST ...TUUH !
BODY HHHMMM!
SHE CERTAINLY LOOKS
THAT WAY, TIO.

UPPER LIMBS THE MAIN PARTS

( OFTEN OF THE BODY ARE...
CALLED ‘ARMS’ )

MY SISTER’S CHEEKS
ARE LIKE “DUMPLINGS”
YA…. KUARK YA...
KUARK?!

TIO!

LET’S LOOK AT
THE PARTS OF THE FOREHEAD EYE
HEAD..
EAR
HAIR

NOSE

CHEEK

MOUTH

CHIN

8
 THEN WHAT ABOUT
STOMACH... WHAT PART IS
THAT, HEH, KUARK?! STOMACH IS A PART
OF THE BODY,
TIO...

PARTS OF THE BODY SEEN

FROM THE FRONT...

NECK
SHOULDER

CHEST

NIPPLE

STOMACH NAVEL

HIP

GENITALS

PARTS OF THE BODY SEEN

FROM THE BACK...

BACK

HIP

BOTTOM

Kuarklopedia :
GENITALS: they differentiate
ANUS between boys and girls …. and are used
when we urinate.
ANUS: the place where we expel
waste when we excrete.

9
 MMH, THAT’S VERY
GOOD... THEY CAN MOVE
THEIR ARMS AND LEGS
SO GRACEFULLY.

PARTS OF UPPER BODY LIMBS

UPPER ARM

ELBOW

FOREARM

WRIST
HAND HAND
PALM

PARTS OF LOWER BODY LIMBS

SOLE

HEEL
THIG

CALF
KNEE

SHIN ANKLE BONE

ANKLE
FOOT TOE

10
 HURRAY...
THE PERFORMANCE
IS OVER...

HMMM...INSIDE OUR BODIES ARE

SOME OTHER IMPORTANT PARTS...

INSIDE THE HEAD:

BRAIN, for thinking

IN THE CHEST:
LUNGS, for breathing

11
 IN THE CHEST:
HEART,
To circulate the blood
in the body

IN THE STOMACH:
STOMACH,
To hold the food we
swallow.

SHHHH!!!! LISTEN!
THE DRAGONS AND
WORMS IN MY STOMACH
ARE STARTING TO SHOUT
FOR FOOD HEH, KUARK!

HAHA ... WHEN IT RUMBLES LIKE

THAT, THE NOISE COMES FROM
WIND MOVING IN YOUR STOMACH
AND INTESTINES.... IT’S BECAUSE
YOU HAVEN’T EATEN YET, TIO !

OOOH…
IS THAT WHY…

TEXT: SHINTA ILLUSTRATOR: AUDI DESIGNER: GATUT EDITOR: GST.

12
 DOESN’T THE SUN CROSS
THE EARTH?
... HMM, THE NIGHT IS PASSING…. BUT, IT
SEEMS THAT THEY WILL CONTINUE TALKING!
BECAUSE, APPARENTLY SASHA STILL HAS
MANY QUESTIONS IN HER HEAD.

Hehm...
EVERYDAY I SEE THAT THE SUN AND
MOON ALWAYS MOVE FROM EAST TO
WEST …….WHY IS THAT SO.
HEH, KUARK?

THAT’S BECAUSE THE

PLANET EARTH THAT WE
LIVE ON ROTATES.

OUR PLANET EARTH

ROTATES?

13
 YES, EARTH ORBITS THE SUN...

SUN EARTH

e-eeh... ARE YOU

SURE, HUH ?!

YOU SAID THAT THE EARTH ORBITS

THE SUN... BUT WHY DOES IT appear
THAT THE SUN ORBITS THE EARTH
EVERY DAY?!
JUST TAKE A LOOK... DOESN’T
THE SUN ALWAYS RISE EVERY
MORNING IN THE EAST…. THEN
IN THE EVENING IT SETS IN THE
WEST?!

ha-haa-haaa...
CLEVER CHILD!

... THE REASON THE SUN LOOK

LIKE IT’S ORBITING THE EARTH IS
BECAUSE THE EARTH IS ORBITING
TOO, sasha...

HMH, DO YOU KNOW ... WHILE IT IS ORBITING THE SUN THE EARTH ALSO ROTATES...”

” IT RESEMBLES A BALL ROTATING ON A FINGER TIP.”

14
 nah... BECAUSE IT IS ALWAYS ROTATING, IT MEANS THAT THe
PART OF EARTH THAT FACES THE SUN,
IS ALWAYS CHANGING TOO…

THE PART THAT IS FACING THE SUN, WILL most CERTAINLY

RECEIVE SUNLIGHT... THIS MEANS THAT IT WILL BE DAY there….
O
N THE OTHER HAND, THE part THAT IS more distant from THE
SUN DOES NOT RECEIVE any SUNLIGHT…. this means IT WILL
BE NIGHT there…

SUN

EARTH

day night

.. DON’T FORGET! WE ALL live ON EARTH THAT IS ROTATING… WE CAN’T

FEEL IT ROTATING, BECAUSE THE ROTATIONS ARE VERY GENTLE AND FAST!
furtherMORE, THE Atmosphere THAT SURROUNDS IT ALSO ROTATES!

ATMOSPHERE

ATMOSPHERE ATMOSPHERE

ATMOSPHERE

15
 NAH, YOU CAN IMAGINE ...
IT’S LIKE WHEN WE ARE IN A MOVING VEHICLE! IF WE LOOK OUT OF THE WINDOW, WE
FEEL AS THOUGH OBJECTS OUTSIDE THE VEHICLE MOVE IN THE OPPOSITE DIRECTION
TO THE DIRECTION OF OUR VEHICLE!

YES!... TRUE!!
TRUE!!

HMM... IF THE OBJECTS ARE CLOSE TO BUT, IF THE OBJECT IS QUITE FAR FROM
OUR VEHICLE, THEN THE OBJECT APPEARS OUR VEHICLE, THEN IT APPEARS
TO MOVE FAST… TO MOVE SLOWLY...

... SO, BECAUSE THE SUN IS FAR

FROM OUR PLANET EARTH, IT
APPEARS TO MOVE VERY SLOWLY!

... AND, BECAUSE THE

EARTH ORBITS FROM
WEST TO EAST ... THE
SUN APPEARS TO A-AH... SO,
MOVE IN THE OPPOSITE THAT’S WHY... THE SUN ALWAYS
DIRECTION …. THAT IS APPEARS LIKE THAT!
FROM EAST TO
WEST!
Earth orbits from WEST
TO EAST

HMM… IT’S GETTING LATE,

SASHA... IT’S BETTER YOU GO
TO SLEEP NOW... WE’LL TALK
AGAIN ANOTHER TIME... ”

” OKEEE !
THANKS, KUARK...
ASTRO... ”
text: BHAK’S. Illustrator: Fivi Designer: Gatut EDITOR: GST.

16
 Square whells

… DIO HAS SO MANY TOYS! THE ROOM HAS TWO CUPBOARDS FULL
OF ALL KINDS OF TOYS…SOME ARE MADE OF PLASTIC, OTHERS
ARE MADE OF RUBBER, WOOD, METAL, EVEN CLAY!

… EM! THAT DOES NOT INCLUDE THE TWO LARGE TRUNKS STORED
UNDER THE BED, LHO…! DIO HAS SO MANY TOYS, HE CAN’T EVEN
REMEMBER EACH ONE. THAT’S NOT REALLY SURPRISING BECAUSE
HIS TOY COLLECTION INCREASES ALMOST EVERY WEEK!

DIO CAN’T EVEN REMEMBER THE LAST TIME HE PLAYED WITH SOME
OF HIS TOYS! IT’S BEEN LIKE THAT NOW FOR A LONG TIME! THEN
ONE NIGHT, SOMETHING HAPPENED…

C’MON…
IT’S TIME TO
PLAY!

17
 UH-HUH!
WHERE AM I?!

HMM, COME ON,

LET’S LINE UP INTO SHAPE
GROUPS …

SO, WHOEVER FEELS THEY

ARE SPHERE SHAPE, LINE
UP ON THE LEFT SIDE, LIKE
USUAL!

ROUND
SHAPE HEY… COIN, AND YOU,
OBJECTS WALL CLOCK, YOU ARE
IN THE WRONG GROUP
AGAIN.

OH DEAR… WHY DO WE ALWAYS

FORGET! AREN’T ROUND AND FLAT
SHAPES LIKE US CALLED CIRCULAR…?!

C’MON, LET’S JOIN UP

WITH OUR GROUP.

HEY, HEY, HEY!

BATTERY! YOUR
PLACE IS NOT
HERE….

HUH! BUT AM I NOT

CIRCULAR TOO?!

CIRCULAR
SHAPED
HMM, EVEN THOUGH YOUR OBJECTS.
TWO ENDS ARE CIRCULAR,
BUT YOUR BODY IS NEITHER
THIN NOR FLAT…

A BODY THAT IS SOLID

WITH STRAIGHT LONG SIDES LIKE YOU
RESEMBLES A BLOCK! SO, IT’S BETTER
THAT YOU JOIN UP WITH THE LINE OF
BLOCKS THAT IS IN THE CENTRE.

18
MMMH, YOU ARE BLOCKS, PAY
ATTENTION! EACH ONE OF YOU
HAS TWO ENDS OF THE SAME
SHAPE.

BLOCK OBJECTS

… ALSO, IF BOTH ENDS ARE TRIANGULAR…

IT IS CALLED A TRIANGULAR BLOCK OR
PRISM!

NOW, BLOCKS WITH TWO CIRCULAR ENDS,

LIKE A BATTERY OR ROLLING PIN, ARE
USUALLY CALLED ROUND BLOCKS … OR
CYLINDER BLOCKS.

TRIANGULAR BLOCK OR PRISM BLOCK

AND, IF BOTH ENDS ARE SQUARE OR

CIRCULAR SHAPED OBJECTS RECTANGULAR, IT IS CALLED
A RECTANGULAR BLOCK.

SO! WITH ENDS LIKE

ME, WHAT AM I CALLED,
THEN?!

RECTANGULAR BLOCK

BECAUSE BOTH OF YOUR

ENDS HAVE SIX EDGES, YOU
ARE DEFINITELY CALLED A
HEXAGONAL BLOCK.

HEXAGONAL
BLOCK

AND ME…?
CYLINDER PIPE

MMM,
BECAUSE YOUR BODY IS NOT SOLID
YOU CANNOT BE CALLED A BLOCK. A
SHAPE THAT RESEMBLES A BLOCK BUT
IS HOLLOW INSIDE LIKE YOU IS CALLED
A PIPE AND BECAUSE BOTH OF YOUR
ENDS ARE ROUND YOU ARE DEFINITELY
CALLED A CYLINDER PIPE!

Pipa pralon
19 HEXAGONAL PIPE SQUARE PIPE
 SO… NOW WE CAN CONTINUE OUR GAME
BY CHANGING THE COMPOSITION OF THE
LINE BASED ON YOUR SURFACES.

LET’S SEE, THOSE OF YOU

WITH A SMOOTH AND
SLIPPERY SURFACE LINE UP
ON THE LEFT!

Objects with a
SMOOTH & SHINY
surface THOSE WITH A ROUGH
SURFACE, LINE UP IN THE Objects with a
CENTRE, AND THOSE WITH A NON-SLIP surface
NON-SLIP SURFACE LINE UP
ON THE RIGHT!
Wall clock from
glass and plastic rubber tyre

Objects with a
Glass beaker
ROUGH surface rubber
Metal ball eraser
Wooden
Plastic ball prism block
cloth doll

Wooden ball

Brick

...aH BUT, LOOK AT THIS! IN THE CORNER ARE

SOME TOYS THAT ARE NOT JOINING IN...
THIS SURPRISES THE TOY FAIRY…

HI, FRIENDS….WHY DON’T

YOU WANT TO PLAY?

MMMH. I’M CONFUSED,

FAIRY… I DON’T KNOW
WHICH GROUP TO JOIN…?

PART OF MY BODY IS CYLINDER

SHAPE AND SMOOTH, OTHER PARTS
OF ME ARE SQUARE AND ROUGH! MY
WHEELS ARE ROUND AND TEXTURED,
BECAUSE THEY ARE MADE OF RUBBER…
BUT MY WINDOWS ARE MADE FROM
TRANSPARENT PLASTIC.

20
 AAAH! NOW YOU Sphere Circle Oval Rectangle
UNDERSTAND,
RIGHT…? OBJECTS
HAVE SHAPES AND
CHARACTERISTICS
THAT DIFFER FROM
EACH OTHER...

… SOME ARE ROUND,

SPHERICAL, OVAL,
SQUARE, .. SOME ARE
SOLID AND OTHERS Solid
ARE HOLLOW… SOME Porous Rough Smooth
ARE ROUGH, SMOOTH, and Shiny
SLIPPERY, NON-SLIP...
THERE ARE ALSO
THICK AND THIN,…
HARD AND SOFT,
AND PULPY… AND
SOME ARE THICK AND
OTHERS ARE THIN…

YOU SEE, Spongy Porous Thick Runny

THE SHAPES AND
CHARACTERISTICS OF AN
OBJECT MUST MATCH ITS
USE…
FOR EXAMPLE, WINDOWS HAVE
TO BE MADE FROM A MATERIAL
THAT IS TRANSPARENT! IF NOT,
HOW CAN WE SEE OUTSIDE?!

OR IMAGINE, IF A CAR BODY

IS MADE OF RUBBER, AND
WHEELS ARE SQUARE SHAPED
OR OVAL?! THE DREAM ENDED SWEETLY…DIO
WOKE UP WITH NEW KNOWLEDGE…

Bicycle with square wheels

OOOH…
THAT WOULD BE HA HA,
SO FUNNY… KUARK IS SO
FUNNY…?!

HOW COULD
WHEELS BE SQUARE…
HEH?! … IT WOULDN’T BE
ABLE TO MOVE!
Tractor with square wheels

text: BHAK’S Illustrator: AUDI Designer: Gatut EDITOR: GST.

21
 MOVEMENT OF OBJECTS
What you need:
- board/cardboard for base
- different types of solid blocks
- different types of circular objects
- different types of objects with
surfaces that are ‘shiny’, ‘rough’,
and ‘non-slip’. BOARD/CARDBOARD

RUBBER
BALL

GLASS BALL
(MARBLE)
MANY PLASTICENE
SQUARE BALL
BLOCKS
RUBBER
ERASER WOOD
CYLINDER

WOOD
BOOK BLOCK
(or other object)
as a SUPPORT PLASTIC
PIPE

What You Do

1. Make a sloping base from the board/

cardboard. You can support one end
of the board with a book, or other
similar object, so that the surface
of the board slopes.

2. Select several objects based on

their shape. For example: ball group
(round objects), block group
(cylinder, square and other
geometrical shaped objects). Then
launch the objects down the board
(from the top).

22
3. Reduce the slant of the board by changing the support so
that the slope is less steep. Then select a range of objects with
different surfaces, shiny, rough, and non-slip. Launch the
objects on the sloping base, and observe! Which of these
objects moves the easiest, and which ones move with difficulty?

Explanation:
The ease with which an object moves depends upon the shape and surface
of the object. Objects that are ‘round’, ‘circular’, or cylindrical, will
move far easier than objects that are ‘geometrically shaped’ or ‘square’…
Likewise, objects with a smooth surface (like marbles, plastic blocks) will
slide far easier than objects with a rough surface (like: bricks, wooden
blocks), or than those with a non-slip surface (like: rubber balls or
plasticene, rubber blocks/eraser).

31
23
 BICYCLE BRAKES
ONE BRIGHT AFTERNOON… IN THE GARDEN, RIKA IS EXCITEDLY
LEARNING HOW TO RIDE HER BICYCLE… THAT’S NOT REALLY
SURPRISING, BECAUSE IT IS A NEW BICYCLE! IT IS A GIFT FROM
HER FATHER TO REWARD HER FOR HER EXCELLENT ACHIEVEMENTS AT

RIKA!!!

USE THE
BRAKES!!!

24
 ARE YOU
ALRIGHT, DEAR?!

ERRH… I’M
ALRIGHT, MUM

WOW! THAT
WAS REALLY
EXCITING…

YOU ARE LUCKY YOU DIDN’T APPLY

THE BRAKES TOO LATE… HMM, IF
YOU HAD, YOU WOULD HAVE MOST yaa, mum..
CERTAINLY CRASHED INTO THE
TRASH CAN, RIKA…

LUCKILY, THE
BRAKES ON THIS
BICYCLE ARE
SHARP

HE BICYCLE BRAKE IS ON THE WHEEL…HOWEVER, THE LEVER TO OPERATE THE

BRAKE (TO MAKE THE BRAKE WORK) IS FOUND ON THE BICYCLE HANDLEBAR…
THE BRAKE AND PEDAL ARE CONNECTED BY A VERY STRONG WIRE
THAT IS MADE OF STEEL.

Brake lever

Steel wire

Back wheel
brake

Front wheel
brake

GENERALLY, THE BRAKE LEVER ON

THE LEFT SIDE OF THE HANDLEBAR IS
CONNECTED TO THE BACK WHEEL BRAKE
WHILE THE BRAKE PEDAL ON THE RIGHT
SIDE IS CONNECTED TO THE FRONT
WHEEL.

25
 NOW, LET ME INTRODUCE…
THIS IS KANIME, OUR FRIEND
FROM SMARTI- LAND … HE WILL
HELP TO EXPLAIN HOW BICYCLE
BRAKES WORK.
ehm…

I THINK WE WILL MEET

A LOT MORE, YOU
KNOW…

HMMM, IT’S LIKE THIS…! BASICALLY, THE BICYCLE

BRAKES USE FRICTION BETWEEN THE RUBBER ON
THE BRAKE HEAD AND THE BICYCLE TIRE RIM… THE
FRICTION PREVENTS THE WHEEL FROM TURNING
AND EITHER SLOWS THE BICYCLE DOWN OR
MAKES IT STOP COMPLETELY …

Rim Brake Pad

Bike wheel

O, HOW DOES IT
WORK?

26
 C’MON, LET’S
TAKE A LOOK
TOGETHER…

WHEN THE BICYCLE IS RUNNING (BEING RIDDEN) THE BREAK LEVER IS

IN AN ‘OPEN’ POSITION … THIS MEANS IT IS NOT PRESSED OR PULLED
DOWN…. SO, THE POSITION OF THE BRAKE HEAD ON THE WHEEL IS ALSO
‘OPEN’… WHICH MEANS THAT IT IS NOT PRESSING ON THE TIRE RIM.
BRAKE HEAD in ‘open’
position so the rubber does
not grip the wheel rim

BRAKE LEVER
in ‘open’ position

BICYCLE WHEEL
vvcan move feely

THEN, IF WE PRESS/ PULL THE BRAKE LEVER DOWN, THE STEEL WIRE THAT CONNECTS IT
WITH THE BRAKE HEAD WILL PULL ON THE BRAKE HEAD… SO THEN IT WILL CLOSE! THIS
MOVEMENT MAKES THE BRAKE HEAD GRIP THE TIRE RIM….

BRAKE HEAD in ‘depressed’

position so the brake rubber
grips the wheel rim

BRAKE LEVER
in ‘depressed’ position

friction between the brake

rubber with the rim, makes
the BICYCLE WHEEL slow
down.

FRICTION BETWEEN THE BRAKE

RUBBER WITH THE BICYCLE TIRE
RIM CAUSES THE WHEEL TO STOP
SPINNING! AND THEN THE BICYCLE
LOSES SPEED, UNTIL IT FINALLY
STOPS...

IFSO, WHEN THE RIDER

RELEASES THE GRIP ON THE BRAKE
LEVER, WHY DOESN’T THE BRAKE
RUBBER ON THE TIRE RIM
SLACKEN TOO?
27
 MMMH! THAT’S BECAUSE
THERE IS A ‘SPRING’ IN
THE BRAKE LEVER AND THE
BRAKE HEAD….

THERE IS A ‘SPRING’ IN THE BRAKE LEVER THAT WORKS TO RETURN THE

LEVER TO ITS ORIGINAL POSITION… SO, WHEN THE GRIP OR PULL ON
THE BRAKE LEVER IS LOOSENED, THE SPRING WILL SLACKEN AND PUSH
THE BRAKE LEVER BACK TO THE OPEN POSITION.

NAH, APART FROM HAVING A SPRING IN THE BRAKE LEVER, THERE IS ALSO A
SPRING IN THE BRAKE HEAD…. SO, WHEN THE GRIP ON THE BRAKE LEVER IS
LOOSENED OR RELEASED, THE PULL ON THE STEEL WIRE ON THE BRAKE HEAD
SLACKENS… THEN, THE SPRING IN THE BRAKE HEAD OPENS, AND THE GRIP
RELEASES ON THE TIRE RIM IS LOOSENED…

HMM… THE BRAKE GRIPS

THE TIRE RIM TIGHTLY BECAUSE
IT IS MADE FROM A NON-SLIP
MATERIAL… THAT IS RUBBER!

ALRIGHT…!!

mAAa…
BUT DON’T CRASH AND
FALL AGAIN, OKE…
YAAA…
HOW IF WE TRY
AGAIN?!

text: BAM’Z Illustrator: AUDI & Fivi Designer: Gatut EDITOR: GST.
28
 THE IMPORTANT
PARTS OF
EVERY DAY ON UNCLE LUPI’S FARM
IS NOISY... WHY?! IT’S BECAUSE
THERE ARE SO MANY ANIMALS
AN ANIMAL
LIVING THERE!

GOOD MORNING
EVERYONE !

GOOD MORNING DITA,

RANA... HEY, DO YOU KNOW
THE IMPORTANT BODY PARTS
OF THESE ANIMALS?

YOU KNOW,
KUARK! LIKE HUMANS,
ANIMALS ALSO HAVE A
HEAD, A BODY, AND LIMBS.

29
 Head

Monkey head Bird head Cow head

Butterfly head Gecko lizard head Fish head

Body

Monkey body Bird body Cow body

Butterfly body Gecko lizard body Fish body

MOVING PARTS

Monkey limbs Bird moving parts Cow limbs

Butterfly moving parts Gecko lizard body Fish limbs

30
 Body
Head

Antenna
Head (whiskers)
THE HEAD HAS EYES, NOSE,
MOUTH, AND EARS.

CRICKETS, BEES, AND BUTTERFLIES

HAVE ANTENNA ON THEIR HEADS. Limbs

SEVERAL ANIMALS HAVE EARS BUT

NO EARLOBES. FOR EXAMPLE: BIRDS,
CRICKETS, GECKO LIZARDS AND
CHICKENS.

Gecko Lizard Bird Cricket

body

THE , CHEST AND STOMACH OF

AN ANIMAL ARE PARTS OF THE BODY... Cow Monkey Bird
SOME ANIMAL BODIES GROW HAIR, FOR
EXAMPLE COWS AND MONKEYS.

SOME GROW FEATHERS ,

FOR EXAMPLE BIRDS.

OTHERS HAVE SCALES, Fish

FOR EXAMPLE, SNAKES AND FISH.
Snake

Moving parts

MONKEY: ARMS AND LEGS

COW: LEGS

BIRD, BUTTERFLY, BEE, CRICKET:

LEGS AND WINGS
Cat Fish Bird
CHICKEN, DUCK, ANT: LEGS
FISH: FINS

SEVERAL TYPES OF ANIMALS HAVE A

TAIL. FOR EXAMPLE, COW, CAT, FISH,
AND BIRDS. FISH AND BIRDS USE THEIR
TAILS TO HELP THEM CHANGE DIRECTION
WHEN THEY MOVE.

Chicken Ant Duck

31
 OOOH,
MY NEPHEW IS
CLEVER !

SOME OF THOSE
ANIMALS WE MENTIONED
EARLIER ARE CALLED
Mammals

HUH... THAT, I
DIDN’T KNOW
KUARK...
IT’S ALRIGHT
RANA, LET ME
EXPLAIN, OK...

MAMMALS ARE ANIMALS

THAT BREASTFEED
THEIR BABIES....

CHARACTERISTICS OF MAMMALS:

- HAIR GROWS ON THE SKIN.

- 4 LEGS OR MOVING PARTS.
- MOVE BY WALKING, JUMPING.

Cow Monkey Dog Cat

SOME ANIMALS ARE

CALLED REPTILES.

CHARACTERISTICS OF REPTILES:

- ROUGH SKIN, SOME ARE SCALED

(SNAKE), BUT THEY DO NOT
GROW HAIR or FUR
- MOVE BY SLITHERING (CHEST
AND STOMACH IN CONTACT
WITH THE GROUND)
- HAVE 4 LEGS OR NONE AT ALL
Crocodile Gecko Snake
Lizard

32
 ANIMALS WITH
THE FOLLOWING
CHARACTERISTICS :

- SCALED
- MOVE BY SWIMMING
- LIVE IN WATER BELONG
TO THE GROUP OF FISH.

THERE IS ANOTHER Fish

GROUP OF ANIMALS
WITH THE FOLLOWING
CHARACTERISTICS:

- beAKED
- WINGED (MOST ARE useD to fly)
- FEATHERED
- TWO-FOOTED
THEY BELONG IN THE GROUP
OF BIRDS!

Duck Bird Ayam

SO THAT MEANS... A
CHICKEN IS A BIRD THEN...

THAT’S RIGHT,
DITA!

SO IT’S CALLED
CHICKEN BIRD
THEN?!
HA... HA...
HA... HA... HA...
HA... HA...

Text: CATHY Illustrator: FIVI Designer: Gatut EDITOR: GST.

33
 WHAT’S IN THE SKY
one afternoon...

... the rain had just stopped FALLING. Small drops of rain
water still filled the air. GENTly,
IT formED INTO A thin fog....

THE SUN BEGAN TO REEMERGE. IT’S YELLOW LIGHT BEGAN TO SHINE

THROUGH THE CRACKS IN THE CLOUDS. A RAINBOW CIRCLED THE SKY.
ITS BRIGHT COLORS ILLUMINED THE DARK SKY.

SASHA STOOD LOOKING AT THE SKY IN AWE. WOW… IT WAS THE

SAME SKY AS ALWAYS! BUT, FOR THE FIRST TIME SASHA REALISED...
that THE SKY HOLDS A NUMBER OF SECRETS THAT SHE WANTED TO
UNDERSTAND.

M-MMh...
I WONDER! ... WHERE DID THE SUN
GO WHEN IT RAINED EARLIER, HuH?!
SUDDENLY IT’S BACK?!
HMM... WELL,
WHEN IT RAINS, THE SKY IS FILLED WITH
CLOUDS, SASHA... AND BECAUSE THE
CLOUDS ARE SO THICK,
SUNLIGHT CANNOT PENETRaTE THeM!
SO THAT IS WHY YOU CAN NOT
SEE THE SUN. ....

34
 HMM... IT was typical of SASHA not to be SATISFIED WITH
JUST ONE QUESTION. THAT IS WHY UP UNTIL HER BEDTIME, SHE
WAS STILL WONDERING ABOUT ALL THE ’SECRETS’
HIDDEN IN THE SKY.

... THEN, SOMETHING occurred THAT always HAPPENS TO

CHILDREN with LOTS OF QUESTIONS IN THEIR HEADS.... FROM
BEYOND THE ROOM WINDOW, SASHA SAW THE SHADOW OF AN
INCREDIBLE TREE.

... THE TREE LOOKED LIKE IT WAS FLOATING IN THE AIR, WITH ITS BRANCHES POINTING
UP INTO THE SKY! AH, THAT MUST BE ”POPIN”, THE TREE OF KNOWLEDGE... THEN, FROM
THE DIRECTION OF THE TREE, TWO tiny FIGURES EMERGED ... THEY FLOATED down
TOWARDS HER.

HAAIII... GOOD
EVENING, SASHA!

H... DON’T BE AFRAID!

I’M KUARK, A CHILD’S
COMPANION IN SEEKING
KNOWLEDGE. ... AND THIS IS
ASTROLEA, THE STAR FAIRY...

... WE COME FROM AFAR.

FROM SMARTI-LAND IN THE
FANTASY COUNTRY, TO HELP
SATISFY YOUR CURIOSITY...

... O-OOH,
REALLY?!

.. SO, YOU ARE KUARK ?! THE

KNOWLEDGEABLE FIRE-FLY?!

35
 .. IN JUST
A SHORT
TIME, THEY HEY... YOU SAID, OUR SKY IS FULL
BECAME CLOSE OF CELESTIAL OBJECTS, BUT, YOU
FRIENDS! ALSO SAID THAT, NOT ALL OBJECTS
IN THE SKY CAN BE CALLED CELESTIAL
OBJECTS?! ... WHAT DO YOU MEAN,
HUH…?! I’M CONFUSED!

HMM... I’ll TRY AND EXPLAIN.

LET ME ASK YOU, WHAT KIND OF
OBJECTS DO YOU OFTEN SEE IN
THE SKY?!

OHHH... THERE ARE

SO MANY!!
THE SUN, STARS, MOON, CLOUDS,
RAINBOW… MMH, WHAT ELSE, YAAH!
OH, YA... AEROPLANES,
HOT AIR BALLOONS, AND …..

... EHEHEH,
WAIT!!

... HMM, THE SUN, STARS AND MOON IN THE SKY ALL BELONG TO THE GROUP OF
CELESTIAL OBJECTS ... ALONG WITH PLANET, METEOR,
SPACE ROCKS, OR COMETS...!
contoh sebagian Benda Langit

Sun Stars Moon

Planet Meteor Comet

(Mars)
.. BUT, CLOUDS, RAINBOW... ESPECIALLY PLANES AND AIR BALLOONS ...
CANNOT BE CALLED CELESTIAL OBJECTS, SASHA...
OBJECTS IN THE SKY BUT NOT CELESTIAL OBJECTS

Cloud Rainbow Aero Plane Hot Air

Balloon

” OOH, BUT WHY

NOT...?! AREN’T THEY
OBJECTS IN THE
36 SKY TOO?! ”
 ... BECAUSE, WHAT IS MEANT BY SKY
HERE IS OUTER SPACE, WHICH IS
BEYOND OUR PLANET EARTH....

DO YOU KNOW .... OUR EARTH IS

SURROUNDED BY AIR THAT WE INHALE
EVERY TIME WE BREATHE IN?!

.. EVEN THOUGH WE CANNOT SEE

IT, THIS MANTLE OF AIR IS VERY
THICK! WHAT THIS MEANS IS THAT
ALL OBJECTS IN EARTH’S MANTLE
ARE STILL PART OF EARTH. ....
SO WE CANNOT SAY THAT THEY
ARE CELESTIAL OBJECTS, OR
OBJECTS IN OUTER SPACE.
Picture of Earth and Celestial objects,
within the Earth’s outer layer.

SO, OBJECTS CALLED

CELESTIAL OBJECTS,
OR OBJECTS IN
OUTER SPACE, ARE ALL
OBJECTS THAT EXIST
BEYOND THE PLANET
EARTH… MEANING,
THEY ARE BEYOND THE
EARTH’S MANTLE.

icture of Earth and Celestial Objects

outside Planet Earth.

Telescope
THERE ARE MANY CELESTIAL
OBJECTS... THE TOTAL NUMBER IS
UNCOUNTABLE! SOME OBJECTS CAN
BE SEEN WITH THE NAKED EYE……. BUT
MANY OTHERS CAN ONLY BE SEEN
WITH THE AID OF A SPECIAL TOOL,
CALLED A TELESCOPE!
Celestial Objects
seen at night

... MMH, AND SOME

CELESTIAL OBJECTS ARE
BIG WHILE OTHERS ARE
SMALL, RIGHT?!
HAT’S RIGHT! BUT YOU MUST
UNDERSTAND … WHATEVER LOOKS
SMALL OR BIG IN OUR EYES,
MAY NOT ACTUALLY BE SO, YOU
KNOW…

37
 ... YA-YAA !! TAKE FOR INSTANCE THE SUN AND MOON ...
EVEN THOUGH FROM EARTH THEY LOOK LIKE THEY ARE THE SAME SIZE,
YOU KNOW, IN FACT, THEY ARE NOT! THE SIZE OF THE SUN
IS ACTUALLY MANY TIMES LARGER THAN THE SIZE OF THE MOON!
... EVEN THE STARS THAT LOOK SO SMALL
ARE ACTUALLY FAR BIGGER THAN THE SUN....

... LHAAH, WHY

IS IT LIKE IT’S BECAUSE
THAT?! OF THEIR
POSITIONS,
SASHA...
THE MOON LOOKS BIG, BECAUSE IT
IS THE OBJECT THAT IS CLOSEST TO
THE PLANET EARTH ……. MEANWHILE, THE
STARS, THAT ARE IN FACT FAR BIGGER
IN SIZE, ACTUALLY LOOK SMALL… IT’S
SIMPLY BECAUSE THEY ARE SO FAAAAR
FROM US.

... O-OOH, I KNOW, DEH... IT’S LIKE

SEEING DIFFERENT SIZED BALLS, PLACED
AT VARYING DISTANCES FROM US.
… AM I RIGHT?!

YAAH... THAT’S
CORRECT...

text: BHAK’S Illustrator: Fivi Designer: Gatut editor: GST.

38
 EVALUATION
L E V E L
1 GRADE 1-2

1. Which picture shows limbs?

Picture 1 Picture 2 Picture 3

a. Picture 1 b. Picture 2 c. Picture 3

2. Look where the finger is pointing!

cheek

forehead

Which one is wrong?

a. cheek b. forehead c. a and b are wrong

3. The name of the body

part indicated is….
a.shoulder
b.back
c.hips

1
 4. Which picture shows a navel?

Picture 1 Picturev 2 Picture 3

a. picture 1 b. picture 2 c. gambar 3

5. Knee, elbow, and heel are parts of limbs.

The part on the upper limb is….
a. knee b. elbow c. heel

6. The finger is pointing to…

a. heel
b. shin
c. calf

7. Look at the pictures below, then choose which picture is wrong!

KNEE

SHIN
ELBOW

Picture 1 Picture 2 Picture 3

a. Picture 1 b. Picture 2 c. Picture 3

2
 8. How many ankle bones do we have in our left foot?
a. one b. two c. four

9. Inside our bodies are some

very important parts.
For example the part
the finger is pointing to:
a. heart
b. lungs
c. stomach

1 0. Sometimes we hear a rumbling sound in our stomach.

That sound is caused by…
a. The sound of worms in our stomach
b. The sound of wind in our intestines
c. Both answer a and b are correct

11. What is the function of the part
indicated on the plant.
a.to look for worms in the earth.
b.to look for food in the earth
c.answers a and b are correct

12. Plants also process food.

To process the food the plants use the…
a.stem
b.leaf
c.flower

13. Do all trees have roots?

a.Yes
b.No. Because only big trees have roots
c.No. Because only tall trees have roots

3

14. Look at the pictures of the tree trunks below.

Picture 1 Picture 2 Picture 3
Which picture is the Pinang tree trunk?
a. Picture 1 b. Picture 2 c. Picture 3

15. Below are pictures of two different kinds of leaves.

Picture 1 Picture 2
Which picture has leaves that are called finger shaped?
a.picture 1
b.picture 2
c.picture 1 and picture 2

16. Look at the pictures of different leaves:

Picture 1 Picture 2 Picture 3
Which one looks like a papaya leaf?
a. Picture 1 b. Picture 2 c. Picture 3

4
17 . A pigeon is perched
in front of its cage.
The moving parts of
a pigeon are its …
a. feet
b. wings
c. answer a and b are correct
Head Chest Stomach
18. Here is a picture of a bee
The bee’s body consist of...
a. head, chest, stomach
b. head, chest
c. chest, stomach

19. The name of part indicated

on bee’s head is
a. whiskers
b. antenna
c. answer a and b are correct

20. Look at the prt of the fish

numbered 1 and 2
A fish moves by using
a. number 1
b. number 2
c. number 1 and 2
1
2
21. The animal below with fins is a.....
a. toad b. fish c. snake

22. Which animal bellow move with feet an wings?

a. butterfly and cricket
b. stork and ostrich
c. answer a and b are correct

23. Dodi said that reptiles have rough skin. Siti said that reptiles have scales.
Sarmin said that reptiles have thick fur. Who is wrong?
a. Dodi b. Siti c. Sarmin

5
24. An example of a reptile is a …
a.cricket b.crocodile c.elephant

25. When visiting the zoo, Santi saw a bat, a rooster, and parrots.
Which of these animals are birds?
a. bat and roaster
b. roaster and parrot
c. bat roaster and parrot

26. Ardi has a container for spherical shaped objects.

From the following objects he can put in….
a. Balls and coins
b. Marble and “jacks” ball
c. Ball, marble and coins

27. The teacher asked Eko and Lina to bring circular objects.
Eko brought a coin and Lina brought a cover for a glass.
Who brought the right object?
a.Eko
b.Lina
c.answers a and b are correct

28. From the pictures below which one is oval?

a. b. c.

29. Rudi bought an eraser

like in the picture below:
The shape of Rudi’s eraser
is….
a.oval
b.block
c.cylinder

30. Risma is cleaning the window with water.

Between glass and water which is transparent…..?
a.glass
b.water
c.answers a and b are correct

6

31. One example of a pipe – shaped object is …
a.pencil
b.drinking straw
c.answers a and b are correct

32. The Sun appears to move from East to West. This is because…

a. Earth
rotates

b. Sun rotates

c. The sun orbits
the earth

33. Look at the picture of earth and the sun below:

Picture 1 Picture 2 Picture 3

Which picture is correct?
a. picture 1 b. picture 2 c. picture 3

7
34. Planet Earth orbits like the
movement of a ball rotating
on the tip of a finger.
An object that rotates
with earth is …
a. house
b. air
c. answer a and b are correct

35. Look at the picture bellow:

crescent moon cloud sun

Picture 1 Picture 2 Picture 3

Which picture is not a celestial object?

a. picture 1 b. picture 2 c. picture 3

36. Our planet is called Earth. It is round like a ball, but very big.
What covers or envelops earth?
a. water b. cloud c. air

37. The equipment used to observe celestial objects is…

a. sunglasses b. telescope c. microscope

38. Amongst the celestial objects below, which one is actually the smallest?
a. stars b. sun c. moon

39. In the sky are twinkling stars, the sun, and the moon.
The one that is positioned furthest from earth is…
a. sun b. moon c. twinkling stars

40. If a ball is rolled on grass, a ceramic floor, and cement floor,

which one is the most difficult for the ball to roll on?
a.On grass
b.On a ceramic floor
c.On a cement floor

7
8