1. Introduction
:When we are born; we are completely sterile of microbes. Once outside the womb, weare bombarded by microbes and soon we have 10 times more microbes in our body thanthe number of cells that make up the human body. Here the terms unknown friends andenemies are used to indicate the good and bad bacteria live in our bodies. According tothe Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) of Maryland, two to five pounds (1.0 to2.26 kilograms) of live bacteria are living inside our bodies. Bacteria come in good and bad varieties, or more to the point, can be helpful or harmful. HHMI reports that thelargest concentration of bacteria in the human body is found in the intestines. Therelationship between the different strains of bacteria and the human body is a dynamicone, constantly adjusting to changing conditions.
2. We couldn’t live without bacteria:
The human body is home to millions of beneficial bacteria.We house millions of bacteriaon our skin and in our nose, mouth, and gut.Up to 500 species can be found as normaloral flora.There can easily be 25 species living in a single mouth.A milliliter of saliva cancontain as many as 40 million (4 x 10
7
) bacterial cells.108 bacterial cells present in thececum (the initial part of the colon) per milliliter of content is normal and many of thesespecies are different from those found in the mouth.Antibiotics can wipe out our body’s beneficial bacteria, causing unwanted health consequences. www.actionbioscience.org
3. Good bacteria in our bodies:
Microorganisms, like certain bacteria and yeasts, living on the human skin or in the nose,mouth, throat, small and large intestine and vagina, are part of the normal human flora;they prevent overgrowth of harmful microorganisms. They are known as probiotic or “friendly” bacteria. Probiotic literally means ‘for life’. Researchers are discovering thatthese “friendly” bacteria help not only to stimulate digestive health, but may stimulate ahealthy immune system.1
3.1 Characteristics of a Probiotic:
The characteristics required of lactobacilli to qualify it as probiotics are as follows- itmust provide beneficial function, easy cultivation, non-pathogenicity, adhesion and population stability. Probiotic therapy is considered useful and has very few side effectsin contrast with conventional pharmaceutical treatments.
3.2 Classification of Probiotic:
They are classified into two major categories namely the Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria.Under these categories, there are also different kinds.a.Different Kinds of Lactobacillus Bacteria
:
1.
Lactobasillus acidophilus
.2.
Lactobacillus rhamnosus
3.
Lactobacillus bulgaricus 4. Lactobacillus salivarius5. Lactobacillus plantarum 6. Lactobacillus casei 7. Lactobacillus sporogenes
b.Kinds of Probiotic Bifidobacteria: 1.
Bifidobacteria bifidum 2. Bifidobacterialongum
Good bacteria
3.3 The number of probiotic in human body:
It is estimated that there are several trillion friendly bacteria comprising over four hundred species in the average human gastrointestinal tract. By body weight, each of uscarries around approximately four pounds of intestinal microflora.
3.4 The funtion probiotic bacteria:
. Probiotics help re-colonize the digestive tract and keep our bodies in good workingorder to fight the bad bacteria that we come in contact with on a regular basis. Bacteria play a very important role in the large intestine. In the womb, babies are essentially2
sterile but by the age of 2 have acquired through their environment the complement of bacteria that will inhabit their gut throughout adulthood, also known as gut flora. Thehuman gut houses a staggering 10 to 100 trillion microbes from 500 to 1,000 species— more than 10 times the number of cells that make up the human body. They can alsocontribute significantly to relief of health problems ranging from indigestion and diarrheato colon and liver cancer
.Lactobacillus acidophilus
is involved in the production of B vitamins (niacin, folic acid,and pyridoxine) during the digestive process. These also reduce cholesterol levels and thegrowth of hostile yeasts such as Candida albicans. Improve the absorption of lactose in people who have been diagnosed as lactose intolerant. The human body does not makevitamin K by itself. Bacteria create this, and other essential vitamins, as by-products of the food and other digestive materials they ingest. They also help our bodies to break down drugs .
3.5
How do good bacteria in our body prevent bad bacteria:
If good bacteria have colonised a space then there is a good chance that there will be noroom for bad bacteria to establish themselves. They Aid in the digestive process and helpto suppress bacteria that cause diseases and prevent as well as treat cases of diarrhea.Treat an overgrowth of “bad” organisms in the gastrointestinal tract .Reduce therecurrence of vaginal yeast infections, urinary tract infections and cystitis (inflammationof the bladder).Enhance the natural response of the immune system.
4. Antibiotics and Probiotics:
We inadvertently kill off the good microbes in our body with antibiotics. Since antibioticsare necessary for killing the bad microbes that cause some diseases, they are importantfor helping to keep people healthy. However, the side effect to taking antibiotics is theelimination of the good microbes within our body along with the bad ones.
5. Bad bacteria that attack our bodies:
Many times when people think of bacteria theyassociate them with disease. Commercials abound for cleaning wipes that sterilize (kill)3
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Pro Bio Tics (Friendly Bacteria in Our Body)
Most people have no idea about the good bacteria presence in our body which are known as Pro-biotic or the friendly bacteria.
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