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Comprehensive Product Stewardship Oct 2010 v2.3& Extended Producer Responsibility
Product Stewardship& Extended Producer Responsibility
Towards a Comprehensive Packaging Recycling Strategy for the US
Lisa Chacón, Gil Friend, Nicholas Kordesch, Steven ReinhardtNatural Logic, Inc.October 25 2010v 2.3
This white paper was produced by Natural Logic, Inc.The opinions expressed in this white paper are solely those of Natural Logic, Inc.PO Box 119 • Berkeley CA 94701 • http://www.natlogic.com • office@natlogic.com
Natural Logic Inc.http://www.natlogic.com/EPRPage 1 of 69
 
Comprehensive Product Stewardship Oct 2010 v2.3& Extended Producer Responsibility
Contents
I. Summary...................................................................................................................................................4II. Introduction.............................................................................................................................................6A Framing the Challenges...........................................................................................................................6B The Opportunity.......................................................................................................................................7C Progress towards Product Stewardship in the US................................................................................8III. Getting to Greater Than 70% Diversion of Packaging in the US.....................................................9A Design for a “Hybrid” EPR System in the US.......................................................................................9
1 EPR Principles..........................................................................................................................................102 System Definition.....................................................................................................................................103 Stakeholder Accountabilities....................................................................................................................124 System Financing......................................................................................................................................16
B Transparency and Consistency in Metrics & Reporting....................................................................18C Strategy for Adoption in the US............................................................................................................19
1 EPR Pilot...................................................................................................................................................192 Alliances and Partnerships........................................................................................................................203 Barriers/Potential opposition.....................................................................................................................214 Implementing EPR in Bottle Deposit Law (BDL) States.........................................................................225 Other issues...............................................................................................................................................266 Next steps..................................................................................................................................................26
IV. Appendices............................................................................................................................................28A Appendix: Tables....................................................................................................................................29
Table 1. Overall performance of EPR systems in selected countries ........................................................29Table 2: EPR Systems Summary.................................................................................................................31Table 3. Fees per material* (PET, HDPE, Al, Cardboard/Paper, Glass).....................................................34Table 4. US Bottle Deposit Systems by State.............................................................................................36Table 5. PET Recovery and System Performance ......................................................................................38Table 6. EPR system accountabilities.........................................................................................................39Table 7. Pending State EPR Legislation in the US ....................................................................................41
B Appendix: Figures..................................................................................................................................44
Figure 1. Proposed US Product Stewardship/EPR System ........................................................................44Figure 2. Population density and concentration in the US .........................................................................45Figure 3a. Voluntary Curbside Pickup (Local Government contracts with WMOs)..................................46Figure 3b. Voluntary Curbside Pickup (Local Government is waste management services provider).......47Figure 3c. Voluntary Curbside Pickup (Consumer contracts directly with WMO)....................................48Figure 4. Bottle Deposit System.................................................................................................................49Figure 5. European EPR System.................................................................................................................50
Natural Logic Inc.http://www.natlogic.com/EPRPage 2 of 69
 
Comprehensive Product Stewardship Oct 2010 v2.3& Extended Producer Responsibility
C Appendix: Resource Management Systems in the US........................................................................51
1 Voluntary Curbside Pickup.......................................................................................................................512 Pay-As-You-Throw (PAYT)......................................................................................................................523 Bottle Deposit Laws (BDL)......................................................................................................................53
D Appendix: Extended Producer Responsibility in Europe, Canada & Japan...................................54
1 Legal Basis................................................................................................................................................552 System Structure, Funding and Accountability........................................................................................563 Cost Model for Material Fees...................................................................................................................594 Collection & Operations...........................................................................................................................615 Concurrent Policies...................................................................................................................................636 Outreach & Education...............................................................................................................................647 Lessons Learned .......................................................................................................................................648 Summary of Best Practices in EPR...........................................................................................................66
E Appendix: OECD Guidelines for EPR Systems..................................................................................68
Natural Logic Inc.http://www.natlogic.com/EPRPage 3 of 69
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